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THE
FIVE BOOKS OF MOSES.
THE
FIVE BOOKS OF MOSES
BEING VOLUME THE FIRST
BIBLE IN MODERN ENGLISH.
TRANSLATED DIRECT FROM THE HEBREW, CHALDEE, AND
GREEK LANGUAGES, INTO ENGLISH
FERRAR FENTON,
MEMBER OF THE CAMBRIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION ;
AUTHOR OF
HE NEW TESTAMENT IN MODERN ENGLISH," " ST. PAUL'S EPISTLES IN MODERN
ENGLISH," ''THE BOOK OF JOB IN ENGLISH AND IN THE ORIGINAL
METRE," ETC., ETC.
Copyrighted in England and the United States of America.
PUBLISHED FOR THE TRANSLATOR BY
MESSRS. S. W. PARTRIDGE & CO.,
8 & 9, PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON, E.C.
[ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.]
SRADBURY. AGNEW, & CO. LI)., PRINTERS,
LONDON AND TONRRIDGE.
TO FIELD-MARSHAL
THE RIGHT HONOURABLE VISCOUNT WOLSELEY,
WHO THROUGHOUT HIS DISTINGUISHED CAREER HAS PROVED
HIMSELF A GOOD SOLDIER OF CHRIST AND OF
HIS COUNTRY,
THIS VERSION OF THE
Stse Q&oofte of (JttoeeB is oebtcafeb
BY HIS RESPECTFUL SERVANT
FERRAR FENTON (the translator),
WHO HAS BEEN MUCH ENCOURAGED IN HIS WORK BY THE MANLY
APPROVAL OF THE PLAN OF PUTTING THE HOLY SCRIPTURES
INTO MODERN ENGLISH, WHICH HIS LORDSHIP EX-
PRESSED AFTER SEEING THE GOSPELS AND
EPISTLES PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED.
PREFACE.
TO MY READERS.
THE very favourable reception given by the most eminent Scholars,
Divines, and the general Public, to my translations of St. Paul's
Epistles, the New Testament, and the Book of Job into Modern
English, has removed all need for my making any apology for this First
Volume of The Bible in Modern English, containing the Five Books of
Moses. The sale of the preceding portions has been extensive, St. Paul's
Epistles having reached a Sixth Edition, the Gospels two large issues, one
of 3,000 and the second of 6,000 copies, and the Book of Job two editions.
In the Books of Moses now presented I have followed my plan of making a
translation direct from the Hebrew into English without any other version
before me. I do not consequently claim my work to be free from error, the more
so as, owing to the severe illness of a very learned friend who had intended
to revise it, I have had to make the translation single-handed, and not with the
valuable assistance he gave me in my former portions of the Sacred Scriptures.
The loss of his help, however, has been partially supplied by the aid of that
ripe Hebrew Scholar, the Rev. John Bowen, B.D., Rector of St. Lawrence,
Wolfs Castle, Pembrokeshire, whose critical knowledge of Oriental tongues,
and all the Authorities upon Hebrew, has been of vital assistance to me,
especially in the Books of Genesis and Deuteronomy.
But in so entirely a new plan of Translation and Criticism as I have adopted
many errors will no doubt be found, and if my readers will point out to me
any parts where errors or omission of words may be discovered, I shall be
grateful, and record them in my interleaved copy for a future edition.
I am now old ; but in my youth I pledged a resolve to God to use my
talents and acquirements to establish the authenticity of the Sacred
Scriptures as a Revelation from Him to Man, by making them intelligible,
through the use of Modern English, to my Countrymen in all parts of the
earth ; and although I have been engaged in active commercial affairs for
over forty years, I never ceased my studies to that end, and the progressive
execution of it, in spite of conducting a business that extended to all parts of
the world. The Almighty has blessed my work so far, and I hope will enable
me to accomplish the whole, and enjoy the pleasure of attaining the chief
object of my existence, — to make the Books of the Bible as intelligible to my
Race in the British Empire, and the great American Commonwealth, in
spoken English, as they are to myself in the Oriental tongues, in return for
His inspiration, through those Sacred Scriptures, having in early manhood
taken me from the Mental Hell of Sceptical Doubt, to the Home of assured
Rest in a knowledge of His Eternal Laws, which He revealed first in them,
and is again in our days confirming by His fresh Revelation of them through
the sciences of Physical Research. Upon this fact the reader should consult
my Introduction to St. Paul's Epistles, in their sixth edition.1
l Published by Horace Marshall ,\: Son, Temple House, E.C.
viii PREFACE.
Finally. I must note as to my spelling of the proper names of localities and
men. As I made my translation from the Hebrew without any English
version open -before me, I have followed the now general plan of Oriental
scholars, and simply transliterated those names, except a few, such as
" Moses," "Joshua," etc., which are too fixed by popular use to be altered.
The Geographical Names I invariably retain in transliterated form ; because
the attempt of my predecessors in translation from the Septuagint and Vulgate,
and their versionists, to render them into their supposed Greek equivalents
territorially, has made such wild misplacing of Nations and Towns as to
remind one of the dreams of a mapmaker gone mad ; whole kingdoms
often having been put thousands of miles away from their actual localities
and these blunders have been incorporated in all our literature.
Hoping for the Divine blessing on my work,
I remain,
My Readers' servant,
FERRAR FENTON.
345, City Road, London, E.C.,
England,
1901.
THE FIRST HOOK OF MOSES, CALLED
GENESIS
TRANSLATED DIRECT FROM THE HEBREW BY
FERRAR FENTON.
BOOK THE FIRST.
®Ije 3f:rst (Creation of tljc otnilm'se
Jbjr (hob = (Floljim.
1 T) Y Periods1 God created that which
J3 produced the Solar Systems ;
then that which produced the Earth.
2 But the Earth was unorganised and
empty ; and darkness covered its con-
vulsed surface ; while the breath of
God rocked the surface of its waters.
3 God then said, " Let there be
4 light;" and light came. And GOD
gazed upon that beautiful light ; and
God divided the light from the dark-
5 ness. And to the light Gcd gave the
name of Day, and to the darkness He
gave the name of Night. This was
the close and the dawn of the first
period.
6 God also said, " Let there be an
expanse between the waters, and let
it be a division between the waters
7 and the waters." And God made the
expanse, and it divided the waters
which were below the expanse from
the waters which were above the
8 expanse ; and that was done. And
God named the expanse the Heavens.
This was the close and the dawn of
the second period.
9 God then commanded, " Let the
waters below the Heavens be collected
in one place, and let dry land appear ; "
io and that was done. And God named
the dry land Earth ; and the accumu-
lated waters He named Seas ; and
ii God admired their beauty. God then
said, " Let the Earth produce seed-
bearing vegetation, as well as fruit
trees according to their several
species, capable of reproduction upon
12 the Earth ; " and that was done. The
Earth produced the seed-bearing
1 Literally "By Headships." It is curious
that all translators from the Septuagint have
rendered this word iTHs?K"Q. B'reshith,
into the singular, although it is plural in the
Hebrew. So I render it accurately.— F. F.
herbage according to every species,
as well as the different species of
reproductive fruit trees ; and GOD
saw that they were good. This was 13
the close and the dawn of the third
period.
God further said, " Let luminaries 14
appear in the expanse of the Heavens
for a division between the day and
the night ; and let them serve to mark
seasons, periods, and years ; and let 15
them also illuminate the expanse of
the skies so as to reflect their light
upon the Earth ; " and that was done.
God had made two large luminaries, 16
the larger one to control the day, and
the smaller one to control the night,
accompanied by the stars. And God 17
had fixed them in the heavenly
expanse so as to illuminate the Earth,
to control the day and to control the 18
night, and to mark the division
between the light and the darkness ;
and God saw they were beautiful.
This was the close and the dawn of 19
the fourth period.
God then said, " Let the waters be 20
swarming with animal life, and let
birds fly in the expanse of the skies
above the Earth;" GOD accordingly 21
produced the monsters of the deep,
and the waters swarmed with every
species of reptile, and also produced
every species of flying bird. And
GOD admired their beauty. And God, 22
in giving them His blessing, said,
" Be fruitful and multiply, so as to
fill the waters of the deep ; and also
let the birds multiply upon the
Earth." This was the close and the 23
dawn of the fifth period.
God then said, " Let the Earth 24
produce animal life according to its
species, in quadrupeds, reptiles and
all wild animals, answering to their
species;" and that was done. God 25
accordingly made the various species
of the animals of the Earth, as well
1—26
CxENESIS.
2— 20
as the several species of quadrupeds,
and all the different species of reptiles ;
and God admired their beauty.
Creation of iltan nntier tlje
^hauoin of (5oo.
26 God then said, " Let Us make
men under Our Shadow, as Our
Representatives ; and subject to them
the fish of the waters ; and the birds
of the sky, and the quadrupeds, as
well as the whole of the Earth, and
every reptile that creeps upon it."
27 So God created men under His own
Shadow, creating them in the Shadow
of God, and constituting them male
28 and female. God then gave them
His blessing ; and God said to them,
" Be fruitful and multiply so as to fill
the Earth and subdue it, and rule
over the fish of the sea, and the birds
of the skies, and over every living
animal that moves upon the Earth."
29 God also said, "See, I have given
you for food every fruit and grain-
bearing plant upon the surface of the
whole Earth, as well as fruit and seed-
bearing trees and all vegetation, so
30 that they may be food for you, and
for every animal of the Earth, and
for every bird of the skies, and
for every reptile upon the Earth
which possesses the life of animals ;
31 and it was done. And God gazed
upon all that He had made, and it
was very beautiful. Thus the close
came, and the dawn came of the sixth
period.
2 Thus the whole Host of the Heavens
as well as the Earth were completed.
2 And God rested at the seventh period
from all the works which He had
3 made ; therefore God blessed the
seventh day, and hallowed it, because
He then rested from all the work
which God had arranged to do.
©Ije formation of iRan from the
gnst of the dh-onno on the
(fuer-liuino, (Bob.
4 The following were the productions
for the Heavens and the Earth dur-
ing their creation, at the period of
their organization by the Lord God
5 of both the Earth and Heavens ; and
of every plant of the field before it
was upon the Earth, and every herb of
the field before He caused it to grow,
even before the Ever-living God i
had scattered them upon the Earth and
Man existed not to cultivate the Earth. 1
A vapour then rose up from the 6
Earth, and moistened the whole
surface of the ground.
The Ever-living God afterwards 7
formed Man from the dust of the
ground, and breathed into his nostrils
perception of life j1 but Man became
a life-containing soul.
The Ever-living God then planted 8
a garden in Eden, — in the East ; — and
there He placed the man whom He
had formed. And out of the ground 9
the Ever-living God caused to grow
all the trees that were beautiful and
good for food, as well as the Tree of
Lives in the centre of the Garden ;
and the tree of the Knowledge of
Good and Evil.
A lake also sprang up in Eden to 10
supply the Garden with water, and
from there it divided and became four
sources. The name of the first is 11
Pishon, and flows along the land of
Havilah, where there is gold. And 12
the gold of that land is pure ; there
are also bdellium and the onyx. And 13
the second river is Jihon ; it flows along
all the land of Kush. The name of 14
the third river is Hidikel, which flows
through the east of Ashur, and the
fourth river is the Frath.2
The Ever-living God then took 15
the man and placed him in the Garden
of Eden for the purpose of cultivating
and taking care of it. And the Lord 16
God instructed the man, saying,
" For food you may eat of the whole
of the trees of the Garden ; but from 17
the tree of the Knowledge of Good
and Evil, you shall not eat ; because
in the day you eat from it dying you
shall die."
The Ever-living God also said, 18
" It is not good for the man to be in
solitude ; I will make a comforter to
live with him." Therefore the Ever- 19
living God, who had formed out of
the ground every animal of the field
as well as every bird of the skies,
took them to the man to see what he
would name them. And whatever
the man with the Living Soul called
them, that was their name. So the 20
man gave names to all the quad-
rupeds, and all the birds of the skies,
and to all the wild animals ; but it
was no comfort for the man to be
with them.
1 Or Reflective, or Intellectual life.
1 Cor. Ch. ii., 12.— F. F.
2 Euphrates.
See
-21
GENESIS.
3—24
24
25
So the Ever-living God threw the
man into a stupor, and he slept. And
taking one of his ribs, He closed up
the flesh in its place. And from the
rib, which the EVER-LIVING Gonhad
taken out of the man, He constructed
a woman, and brought her to the
man. And the man said, " This
form is bone of my own bone, and
flesh of my own flesh. This shall be
named 'woman,' because she was
taken from man." Man shall there-
fore leave his father and his mother,
and shall unite with his wife ; and
they shall be one body. And they
were naked, the man and his wife,
but they were not ashamed.
(Tl)£ (Tentrjtattmt rrf (fc.
Now the Serpent was more impu-
dent than any of the wild animals of
the field which the Ever-living God
had made. So he asked the woman,
"Is it true that God has said, you
may not eat of every tree of the
Garden?" And the woman replied
to the serpent, "We may eat of the
fruit of the trees of the Garden ; but
of the fruit of the tree which is in the
middle of the Garden, God has said,
1 do not eat of it, and do not even
touch it, lest you die.' " But the
serpent answered the woman : " You
will not die ; but God knows that at
the time you eat of it, your eyes will
then be opened, and you will be like
God, acquainted with both good and
evil."
So the woman perceiving that the
tree was good for food, and beautiful
to the eyes, and a tree stimulating to
the intellect, she took some of its
fruit and ate it, and gave some to her
husband with her ; and he also ate it.
Then the eyes of both of them were
opened, and they became aware that
they were naked. They accordingly
joined fig leaves together, and made
aprons for themselves.
They then heard the sound of the
Ever-living God moving in the Gar-
den in the breeze of the day ; and the
man and his wife hid themselves from
the presence of the Lord God among
the trees of the Garden.
But the Ever-living God called to
the man, saying, " Where are you ? "
And he replied, " I heard Your sound
in the Garden, and perceiving that I
was naked, I hid myself."
Then He asked, "Who told you
that you were naked ? Have you
eaten of the tree of which I com-
manded that you should not eat ? "
And the man replied, " The woman 12
whom You gave to me, she gave me
of the tree, and I ate it." "Why 13
did you do that?" the LORD God
asked the woman. And the woman
answered, " The serpent deceived me
and I ate it."
The Ever-living God accordingly 14
said to the serpent, " Because you
have done this you shall be accursed
more than all the cattle, and more
than all the wild beasts of the field :
you shall crawl upon your belly, and
eat dust all the days of your life. I 15
will also cause antagonism between
you and the woman, and between your
progeny and her progeny. He shall
wound your head, and you shall
wound His heel."
But to the woman He said, " I will 16
increase your sorrows and your joys.
You shall give birth to children with
pain ; but your love shall be for your
husband, and he shall rule over you.'"
Then to Adam He said, " Because 17
you have listened to the voice of your
wife, and have eaten of the tree of
which I commanded you, saying,
' Eat not of it ; ' I will set the ground
apart for your cultivation ; in sorrow
you shall eat from it every day of
your life. It shall grow thorns and 18
briars for you ; but you shall have
the plants of the field for food. In 19
the sweat of your brow you shall eat
bread, until you return to the ground,
from which you were taken. For
dust you are, and to the dust you
shall return."
The man then gave to his wife the 20
name of Eve ; 1 , because she was the
mother of all life. For Adam also 21
and his wife the Ever-living God
made clothing of skins, and dressed
them.
The Lord God also said, " Now 22
the man was like one of Ourselves,
acquainted with both good and evil :
therefore it may be that he will stretch
out his hand, and take also of the
Tree of Lives and eat of it, and live
for ever." The Ever-living God 23
consequently expelled him from the
Garden of Eden, in order to cultivate
the ground from which he was taken.
So He drove out the man, and He 24
stationed at the east of the Garden of
Khavah, or life container.
B 2
GENESIS.
5-3
Eden the Divine Watchers, with the
flaming sword to guard the path to
the Tree of Lives.
®Ije Wit&i iRan erijila— IBirtljs of
(JDain anb Airol.
4 The man afterwards knew Eve
his wife, and she conceived and
gave birth to Cain, and said, " I
have been given a man from the
2 Ever-living." She afterwards gave
birth to his brother Abel. And Abel I
became a shepherd of sheep ; but
3 Cain was a cultivator of the soil. And
during the harvest time Cain brought
some of the produce of the ground as
4 an offering to the Ever-living. And
Abel also brought of the best and the
fattest of his sheep. And the Lord
looked favourably upon Abel and his
5 offering ; but He did not regard Cain
and his offering with favour. Cain
therefore was very angry, and his
6 countenance fell. Then the Ever-
living asked Cain, "Why are you
angry, and why has your countenance
7 fallen ? If you do right, is there not
approval ? and if you do not do right,
Sin crouches at the door and awaits
you ; but you should conquer it."
©Ije ittitron- of Mel
8 When Cain was afterwards talking
with his brother Abel, and they were
together in the field, Cain attacked
his brother Abel, and murdered him.
9 The Lord accordingly asked Cain
" Where is your brother Abel ? " But
he replied, "I do not know; — am I
my brother's keeper ? "
to The Ever -living however an-
swered, "What have you done ? The
voice of your brother's blood cries to
ii Me from the ground. Therefore you
are cursed from the ground, which
has opened her mouth to take in
your brother's blood from your hand.
12 When you cultivate the ground it
shall not yield up its wealth to you ;
you shall be a wanderer and vaga-
bond upon the earth."
13 But Cain answered to the LORD,
" My punishment is heavier than I
j 4 can bear. Since You drive me tp-
day out on lhe face of the earth, I
shall be deprived of Your presence,
and be a wanderer and a vagabond
upon the earth ; and whoever meets
me will kill me."
15 But the Ever - living replied,
" Not so ; whoever kills Cain shall be
punished sevenfold." Therefore the
Lord put a mark upon Cain, so that
he might not be attacked by anyone
who met him.
Cain accordingly went out from 16
the presence of the Ever-living, and
lived in a land of exile on the eastern
side of Eden, where Cain knew his 17
wife ; and she conceived and gave
birth to Enok, and he built a village,
and named it after the name of his
son, Enok.1 And to Enok there was 18
born Irad ; and Irad produced Mehu-
jael ; and Mehujael produced Methu-
sael; and Methusael produced Lemek.
And Lemek took two wives for him- 19
self; the name of one was Ada, and
the name of the other Zillah. And 20
Ada gave birth to Jabal, who was the
originator of tent-dwellers and mer-
chants. And his brother's name was 21
Jubal ; he was the originator of all
those who play the harp and wind
instruments. Zillah also gave birth 22
toTubal-Cain, the improver of every
work in copper and iron ; and the
sister of Tubal - Cain was Namah.
And Lemek addressing his wives said : 23
" Ada and Zillah listen to my voice ;
Wives of Lemek listen to my
speech ;
For I killed a man who wounded ;
And a youth who hurt me. —
If Cain had sevenfold protection, 24
Seventy-seven should be that of
Lemek ! "
4LJirtlj of ^j>tlj.
And Adam knew his wife again, 25
she gave birth to a son, and named
him Sheth ; '2 "for God," she said,
"has given me another son in the
place of Abel, who was murdered by
Cain." And to Sheth, a son was 26
born ; and he gave him the name of
Enosh.:; Men then began to call
upon the name of the Ever-living.
uTIjr (finualoon of Mankinb, iuho
iucrr crratco as UqjresnttatibcD
of (Sou.
This is the Birth-Book of Men. 5
From the time that God created
men, He made them to represent
God ; constituting them male and 2
female, giving them His blessing and
naming them by the name of Man-
kind, upon the day of their formation.
Adam, when he was one hundred 3
1 Enok (the dedicated).
- The " Second" or "Renewal." — F. F.
3 Enosh — " A man," or " a weakling."
5-4
GENESIS.
6-_
and thirty years old, produced a repre-
sentative of himself, like his own
4 shadow, and gave him the name of
Sheth. And the lifetime of Adam,
after the birth of Sheth, was eight
hundred years, during which time sons
5 and daughters were born to him. So
the whole lifetime of Adam was nine
hundred and thirty years when he
died.
6 And Sheth was one hundred and
five years old when Enosh 1 was born
7 to him. And Sheth, after the birth of
Enosh, lived eight hundred and seven
years, and had sons and daughters
8 born to him. ■ And the whole life-
time of Sheth was nine hundred and
twelve years, when he died.
9 And Enosh lived ninety years,
io when Kenan was born to him. And
Enosh, after the birth of Kenan,
lived eight hundred and fifty years,
and had sons and daughters born to
ii him. And all the lifetime of Enosh
was nine hundred and five years, and
he then died.
12 And Kenan lived seventy years
when Mahalalel was born to him.
13 And Kenan, after Mahalalel was born
to him, lived eight hundred and thirty
years, and had sons and daughters
14 born to him. So the whole lifetime
of Kenan was nine hundred and ten
years ; and he died.
15 And Mahalalel living until he was
sixty-five years of age, had Jared
16 born to him. And Mahalalel, after
the birth of Jared, lived eight hundred
and thirty years, and sons and
17 daughters were born to him; and
the whole lifetime of Mahalalel was
eight hundred and ninety-five years,
when he died.
18 And Jared lived until he was one
hundred and sixty-two years of age,
19 when Enok2 was born to him. And
after the birth of Enok, Jared lived
eight hundred years, and had sons
20 and daughters born to him ; and the
whole lifetime of Jared was nine
hundred and sixty-two years ; and he
died.
21 And Enok lived until the age of
1 Enosh, the son of Sheth, must not
be confused with the Enok, the son of
Cain, mentioned in Ch. 4, v. 17. They are
totally different.— F. F.
2 This Enok is a different individual to
the Enok, son of Cain, of Ch. 4, v. 17.
The barbarous spelling of the old translators
has confused the genealogies, which I hope to
clear.— F. F.
sixty-five years, when Methuselah was
born to him. And Enok walked 22
with God, after Methuselah had been
born to him, three hundred years,
and sons and daughters were born
to him. And the whole lifetime of 23
Enok was three hundred and sixty-
five years. And Enok walked with 24
God ; and he did not die, God having
taken him to Himself.
And Methuselah, having lived until 25
he was one hundred and eighty-seven
years of age, had Lamek 1 born to
him; and Methuselah, after Lamek 26
had been born to him, lived seven
hundred and eighty-two years, having
had sons and daughters born to him.
And the whole lifetime of Methuselah 27
was nine hundred and sixty-nine
years; and he then died.
And Lamek lived until he was one 28
hundred and eighty-two years of age,
when a son was born to him, to whom 29
he gave the name of Noah,'2 saying,
" He comforts in our labour, and
in the trouble of our hands, upon
the land which was denounced by
the Ever-living." And Lamek, after 30
Noah was born to him, lived until the
age of five hundred and ninety-five
years, sons and daughters being born
to him. And the whole lifetime of 31
Lamek was seven hundred and
seventy-seven years, when he died.
And Noah was five hundred years 32
old, when Shem, Ham, and Japheth
were born to him.
(Thr (fomtption of iRankhto.
But when corrupt Men increased 6
upon the surface of the Earth, and
sons and daughters were born to
them, then the sons of God admired 2
the daughters of Men who were
beautiful ; and they took to them-
selves wives from all they desired.
ConsequentlytheEvER-LlviXGsaid, 3
" My spirit shall not call to man for
ever, for he is sinful flesh ; but they
shall have a hundred and twenty
years."
The Nephalim were upon the earth 4
in those days, and also afterwards
when the sons of God came to the
daughters of man, and they bore to
1 This Lamek, son of Methuselah,
is a totally different person to the Lemek,
descended from Cain, and mentioned in
Ch. 4, v. 23.-F. F.
2 Noah, meaning Comfort. — F. F.
6-5
GENESIS.
7-i3
them mighty men, who were men of
renown of old.
5 And the Ever-living saw that the
sin of man increased upon the earth,
and that every effort of the thought
of his heart was to promote sin every
6 day. And the Ever-living sighed for
the doings of man upon earth, and it
7 grieved His heart. The Lord there-
fore said, "I will sweep away man
whom I created from off the surface
of the earth, from man to beast and
reptile, and birds of the skies, for I
regret that I made them."
8 But Noah found favour in the
presence of the Ever-living.
©Ij£ History at £laa\).
9 The following are the children of
Noah. Noah was a good man ; he
was upright in his age. Noah walked
10 with God. And Noah had three sons
given to him, Shem, Ham, and
11 Japheth. But the Earth corrupted
itself in the presence of God, and the
12 Earth was full of crime. And God
looked upon the Earth, and saw its
corruption, for all men had corrupted
their way upon the Earth.
®Ije §£ht0£ ^ov&iaUs,
13 So God said to Noah, " I decide to
cut off all men from My sight, for the
earth is full of crime from their
presence. I will accordingly sweep
14 them from the earth. Make there-
fore for yourself an Ark1 of pitch-pine.
Make the Ark with decks, and pitch
15 it inside and outside with pitch. You
shall make it thus ; — it shall be three
hundred cubits'2 long, fifty cubits
16 wide, and thirty cubits deep. Make
a ventilator to the Ark, and make it
a cubit high, and place a door in the
side of the Ark. You shall make
17 second and third decks; for I Myself
will bring a downrush of waters upon
the earth to sweep off all beings
possessing the breath cf life, from
under Heaven ; all that move upon
18 the land. Then I will establish My
Covenant with you ; and you shall go
into the Ark yourself with your sons
and your wife, and your sons' wives
1 g along with you. And from every
animal of all kinds, two of each shall
1 The Hebrew word j-QiH' Thebath,
really means a ship, not a floating house, like
the common child's toy. — F. F.
2 A cubit was 25 English inches and a
fraction over. — F. F.
go into the Ark tp live with you ; they
shall be male and female: of birds 20
by their species, and of animals by
their species, and of reptiles moving
in the field by their species, two of
each shall accompany you, so as to
preserve life. And you shall take 21
with you all kinds of food which is
eaten, and store it with you; and it
shall be provision for yourself, and 22
for them." Noah accordingly did all
that God commanded him. He
accomplished it.
^Uralj nroerea to ntter the JVrk,
or ^>ljttf.
Afterwards the Lord said to Noah, 7
" Go yourself and all your household
into the Ark, for I have seen that you
have been righteous in the face of
this generation. Take with you of 2
all clean cattle, seven, male and
female, and of beasts which are
unclean two of them, a male and a
female. Also from birds of the sky 3
seven, seven male and female, so as
to preserve a seed of life upon the
surface of the land. Because at the 4
end of seven days, I will pour on to
the earth for forty days and forty
nights ; and I will sweep away every
creature that I made from off the
surface of the ground." And Noah did 5
all that the Ever-living instructed
him.
Noah was six hundred years old 6
when the downrush of water came
upon the earth. Noah with his chil- 7
dren and wife, and the wives of his
sons with them went accordingly into
the Ark from the face of the waters of
the deluge, with the clean cattle and 8
with the unclean cattle, and with the
birds, and all that crawls upon the
field, who came two by two to the 9
ark, male and female, as GOD had
directed Noah.
When the seven days had passed, 10
then the downrush of water came
upon the earth. In the six hundredth 11
year of the life of Noah, in the
second month, on the seventeenth
day of the month, on that day all the
sources of the Great Ocean, and the
belts in the heavens were broken, and 12
there was a downrush on to the earth
for forty days and forty nights. At 13
the close of that day,1 Noah, along
1 "That day" refers back to the 17th day
of the month when Xoah entered the Ark.—
F. F.
7-i4
GENESIS.
8— 20
with Shem, Ham. and Japheth, sons
of Noah, and the wife of Noah, and
the three wives of Noah's sons along
14 with them entered the Ark ; they
themselves and all the animals
according to their species, and all
the cattle, according to their species,
and all crawlers upon the earth
by their species, and all birds by
their species, every bird of every
15 wing. There also came to Noah
into the Ark two by two, from all
creatures which have animal breath.
16 Thus they came male and female
of all creatures, as God had
directed them ; and the Lord shut
him inside.
17 The downrush continued forty
days upon the earth ; and the waters
swelled and lifted up the Ark, and
18 raised it from off the land. And the
waters overwhelmed and rose greatly
upon the earth and the Ark floated
19 upon the surface of the waters. The
waters rose very high above the earth,
and covered up all the hills and
mountains which are below the skies.
20 The waters covered the hills fifteen
21 cubits. And all animals that moved
upon the land expired, with bird, and
cattle, and wild animals, and every
insect swarming upon the land, and
22 every man ; all which breathed the
breath of animals in its nostrils, with
23 all that was in the desert, died. Thus
He swept away the whole that He
had made upon the surface of the
ground ; from man to cattle, and
reptile, and birds of the skies ; thus
He swept them from off the earth ;
but Noah and those who were with
him in the Ark remained. And the
waters overwhelmed the earth one
hundred and fifty days.
8 But God remembered Noah, and
all the animals, and all the cattle
which were with him in the Ark.
Therefore God passed a wind over
2 the earth, and the waters dried, and
He closed the fountains of space,
and the belts of the skies, and stopped
3 the torrents from the skies, and stayed
the waters from going on to the
earth ; and so the waters retired and
diminished from the period of one
4 hundred and fifty days. The Ark
then rested on the seventeenth day
of the seventh month upon the
Mountain of the Peaks;1 and the 5
waters were retreating and subsiding
until the tenth month. In the eleventh
month the tops of the hills appeared.
Then at the end of forty days, Noah 6
opened the window which he had
made in the Ark ; and sent out a 7
raven, and it went, wandered and
turned about until the waters dried
away from off the earth. Afterwards, 8
he sent out a dove from him, to see
if the waters had lessened from the
surface of the field ; but the dove 9
found not a resting-place for the sole
of her foot, so she returned to him in
the Ark, for the waters were still on
the whole surface of the earth ; so he
put out his hand and took her, and
brought her to him into the Ark. He 10
then waited seven days longer, and
again sent out the dove from the Ark.
And the dove returning at dusk, 11
carried in her mouth an olive-leaf
which had been broken off. So Noah
then knew that the waters were off
the earth. Waiting yet another seven 12
days, he sent the dove out again, and
it did not again return to him. At 13
the end of his six hundred and first
year, on the first day of the month,
the waters dried from off the earth.
Noah then loosened the upper deck
of the Ark, and looking out, perceived
that the surface of the ground was
dry. And in the second month, on 14
the twenty-seventh day of the month,
the earth was dry.
God then spoke to Noah saying: 15
" Go from the Ark, yourself, your 16
wife, and your sons, and your sons'
wives along with you. All theanimals 17
which are with you, of every kind,
with bird, and cattle, and with every
reptile that creeps upon the earth,
bring it along with you, and let them
breed plentifully on the land, and
cover it, and increase over the earth."
So Noah went out, and his wife, 18
and his sons' wives with him ; every 19
animal, every bird, and every reptile
creeping upon the land, according to
their species, went out from the Ark.
Noah then built an Altar to the 20
1 I translate the compound Hebrew
word "Ararat," as by leaving it in the
Hebrew as the current versions do. it mis-
leads the reader to fancy Ararat in Armenia
is meant, but the real resting place of the Ark,
as the Sacred Record clearly proves, was
upon the Peaks of the Hymalayah Mountains
in the Hindoo Koosh in the region of Kashgar,
or Northern Afghanistan. — F. F.
8
GENESIS.
9—28
Ever-living, and took from every
clean beast, and from every clean bird,
and offered burnt offerings upon the
21 Altar ; and the Ever-living perceived
pleasant sweet perfume ; and the Lord
said in His heart, " Never again will I
curse the ground to the labour of man,
although the thought of the heart of
man is wickedness from his youth;
and never again will I cut off every
22 animal I have made. During the
whole existence of the earth, sowing
and harvest, and cold and heat, and
Winter and Summer, Spring and
Autumn, and day and night, shall
continue."
OnuVs blessing attu (Tommantr to
iHnnkinir upon i\oa\j Icnhtmi
tlK Ark.
A lUttehml ai ilj* |lrhttefral
IJUssittgs.
9 God also blessed Noah and his
sons, and said, " Be prolific and
2 increase and fill the earth. And the
fear and terror of you shall be upon
every animal of the land, and every
bird of the sky, with all that swarm
upon the ground, and all the fish of
the waters ; they shall be given into
3 your hand. Every living animal that
moves shall be food for you. I have
given the whole to you like the green
4 herbage. But the flesh with its life,
5 its blood, you shall not eat. And also
the blood of your life I will require,
from the hand of every animal I will
require it; and from the hand of
man ; even from the hand of his
brother, I will require the life of man.
6 Whoever sheds the blood of man, by
man his own blood shall be shed ;
because I made man in the likeness
7 of Gods. And be prolific yourselves,
increase and swarm on the earth, and
multiply on it."
8 God also spoke to Noah, and to his
y sons along with him, saying, " Now I
Myself will fix a Covenant with you,
io and your descendants after you ; and
with every living animal that is with
you ; with bird, and cattle, and with
every animal of the earth with you ;
of all coming out of the Ark ; and
ii with every wild beast of the earth. I
have fixed My Covenant with you,
that all flesh shall never again be
destroyed by a downrush of water ;
and there shall never again be a down-
12 rush to desolate the earth." GOD also
said, "This is the attestation of the
Covenant which I have made between
Myself and you, and between all
animal life which is with you for every
generation. I place My rainbow in 13
the clouds, and it shall be for an
evidence of the Covenant between
Myself and all the earth. When there 14
is My cloud, covering..the earth; and
the rainbow appears in the cloud, I 15
shall remember My Covenant that is
between Myself and you, and between
all animal life, and there shall never
again be a downrush of water to sweep
away all living. The rainbow shall 16
be in the cloud, and appear as an
eternal record of the Covenant
between God and all animal life
existing upon the earth." And God 17
repeated to Noah, " This is the
Covenant which I have settled
between Myself and all '.existence
which is upon earth."
Kfisttfrn of iloalj aiUv the Bfkroi).
Now the sons of Noah who came 18
out of the Ark were Shem, Ham, and
Japheth ; and Ham was the father of
Canaan. These three were the sons 19
of Noah, and from these three the
whole earth was peopled.
Noah then became a farmer, and 20
planted a vineyard, and drinking of 21
the wine, he became drunk, and was
naked in his tent; and Ham the 22
father of Canaan, saw the nakedness
of his father, and reported it to his
two brothers, outside. Shem and 23
Japheth, however, took a shawl, and
spread it on their shoulders, and
going backwards, they covered the
nakedness of their father ; and their
faces were turned away, so that they
did not see their father's shame. So, 24
when Noah woke up from his wine,
and knew what his younger son had 25
done to him, he said :
"Cursed be Canaan.
A servant of servants let him be to
his brothers."
He also exclaimed : 26
"The Living GOD bless Shem.
And let Canaan be a servant to
him.
God will extend Japheth ; 27
But He will dwell in the tent of
Shem,
And Canaan shall be his ser-
vant."
Noah lived after the deluge, for 28
three hundred and fifty years. So
10-i
GENESIS.
11-
all the lifetime or Noah was nine
hundred and fifty years, when he died.
iijtstnrn oi fair's Hmts,
10 Now these are the registers of the
sons of Noah, Shem, Ham, and Ja-
pheth ; for they had sons born to them
after the deluge.
2 The sons of Japheth; Gomer, Magog,
and Madai, and Ion, and Thubal, and
3 Meshech, and Thiras. And the sons
of Gomer; Ashkenaz, and Riphath,
and Thogarmah. And the sons
4 of Javan (Ion) Elishah, and Thar-
shish, Kittim, and the Dodanim.
5 From these they spread themselves
over the sea-coasts of the countries
of the heathen, each with their
language amongst the heathen tribes.
6 And the sons of Ham ; Kush, and
Mizraim, and Phut, and Canaan.
7 And the sons of Kush ; Seba, and
Havilah, and Sabthah, and Raamah,
and Sabtheka ; ' and the sons of
8 Raamah, Sheba and Dedan. To Kush
was born Nimrod. Wild beasts began
9 then to infest the earth ; so he became
a powerful hunter in the presence of
the Lord ; therefore it is said, " Like
Nimrod, a mighty hunter before the
io LORD." And the capitals of hisking-
dom were Babel,1 and Ereckand Akad,
and Kalinah in the land of Shinar.
1 1 From that land Asshur proceeded to
Assyria, and built Ninevah, and the
12 town of the plains, and Kalah, and
Resen, between Ninevah and Kalah.,
which is a large city.
13 The Mizraim also produced the
Ludim, and Anamilh, and Lehabim,
14 and Naphtuhim, and Pathrusim, and I
Kasluhim, from whom sprung the
Philistines and the Kaphtorites.
15 And to Canaan were born Zidon, ;
16 his eldest, and Heth ; and the
Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the
17 Girgashite ; and the Hivite, and the
I§ Arkite, and the Sinite, and the
Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and
the Hamathite ; and each spread
themselves as the tribes of the
19 Canaanites. And the boundaries of
th© Canaanites are from Zidon by
the valley of Gerar to Gaza ; along
the valley of Sodom, and Gomorrah
and Admah.and Zeboiim, to Lashar.
20 These were the sons of Ham, in
l The Babel mentioned here must not be
confused with the Babylon of the Nebuchad-
nezzars, which was built long after, as a '
City probably really by Nebuchadnezzar
the First. -F. F-
their tribes and languages, in the
regions of the heathen.
And Shem, the elder brother of
Japheth, also produced. He was the
father of all the sons of Heber.1 The
sons of Shem were Elam, and Ashur,
and Arphaxed, and Lot, and Aram.
And the sons of Aram Uz and Hul.
and Gether, and Mash. And to
Arphaxed was born Shelah, and
to Shelah was born Heber; and to
Heber were born two sons, the name
of the first, Peleg ; - because in his
days the Continent was split up ; and!
his brother's name was Joktan/*
And to Joktan were born Almodac!
and Sheleph and Hazarroaveth, and
Jereh and Hadoram, and Uzal, and
Diklah ; and Obal, and Abimael, and
Sheba; and Ophir, and Havilah,
and Jobab ; all these were sons q£
Joktan, and they populated from
Mesha, by the valley of Sephar, a
mountain of the East, These ar©
the sons of Shem, by their tribes and
by their languages in their countries
among the heathen.
All the land was of one language
and they spoke alike. But some of
them removing from the East, pro-
ceeded to the plain of Shinar, and
settled there. There each said to
his neighbour, "Come, let us set to,
work making bricks, and see that
they are properly burnt ; and bricks
shall serve us for stone, and petroleum
for mortar," So they agreed, "We
will build here for ourselves a City
and a Tower whose top shall reach
the sky ; thus we will make a Beacon,
for ourselves, so that we may not
be scattered over all the surfaee ot?
the country." But a Powder came
down to inspect the city and the
1 V, 31. •' Heber" in Hebrew signifies a
•"coloniser" or " colonist." and it is an his-
torical fact that the Semitic nations have
been the greatest colonisers of the earth. As
Baron von Humboldt says of the Arabian
branch, "They are the most mobile race in
the world."— F. F.
2 V. 25. "Peleg" means "split" in
Hebrew.
3 V. 25. " Joktan " means in the Hebrew
" Lessened," probably referring to the
"lessening" of the original continent by the
" splitting " away of the American continents,
See Prof. C. A. L. Totten's works upon this;
great geological convulsion. If we take a
map of the two Americas, in Mereator's pro-
position, and cut out the Atlantic, the inden-
tations of the Eastern Americas and Western
Europe and Africa fit into each other, as
they did before this convulsion. — F. F.
11—6
GENESIS.
H-32
tower which the sons of men had
6 built; and the Power said, "Now
they are one people, of one
language all of them ; and having
began to do this they will not
be restrained from anything they
7 determine upon. We will therefore
go down and confuse their language,
so that each will not understand his
8 neighbours speech."' So the Power
scattered them over the surface of
the whole country ; and they aban-
9 doned the building of the city. They
therefore called its name Babel 1
because it was there that the Power
confused the language of all the
country. Thus from there the Lord
scattered them over all the surface
of the land.2
(Tin4 Hfcstorg °f ^fain's t)r stent) ants.
10 These are the genealogies of Shem :
Shem was one hundred years old
when Arphaxad was born to him two
11 years after the deluge, Shem then
lived after the birth of Arphaxad, five
hundred years, and had sons and
daughters born to him.
12 And Arphaxad lived thirty-five
years, then had Shelah born to him ;
13 and Arphaxad lived after the birth
of Shelah four hundred and forty-
three years, and sons and daughters
14 were born to him. And Shelah lived
thirty years when Eber was born to
15 him ; and after the birth of Eber,
Shelah lived four hundred and three
years, and sons and daughters were
16 born to him. And Eber lived thirty-
1 Confusion.
"■J The word Jehovah, commonly translated
Lord, was originally used as a title of honour
for nobles or governors as shown in Genesis,
Cb. xviii. v. 13, and elsewhere, as in Exodus,
Ch. iv. v. 24, where the title is given to the
chief of a tribe, who attempted to murder
Moses ; and was not reserved as a synonym for
God until after the promulgation of the Law
from Sinai. In this passage it is evident it did
not mean the Supreme Being, and to trans-
late it as if it did misleads the reader. — F. F.
four years, when Peleg was born to
him. Eber lived after the birth of
Peleg four hundred and thirty years,
and sons and daughters were born
to him. And Peleg lived thirty years
and Rett was born to him. Peleg
lived after the birth of Reu two
hundred and nine years, and sons
and daughters were born to him.
And Reu lived thirty-two years, when
Serug was born to him ; and after
the birth of Serug, Reu lived two
hundred and seven years, and sons
and daughters were born to him.
And Serug lived thirty years and
Nakhor was born to him. Serug lived
after the birth of Nakhor, two hundred
years, and sons and daughters were
born to him. And Nakhor lived
twenty-nine years, when Terah was
born to him ; and Nakhor lived after
the birth of Terah, one hundred
and nineteen years, and sons and
daughters were born to him. And
Terah lived seventy years, when
Abram, Nahor and Haran were born
to him.
Now, these are the descendants of
Terah ; Terah had Abram, Nahor,
and Haran born to him, and Haran
had Lot born to him. Haran died
before Terah his father in his native
country in Ur of the Kaldees.
Abram and Nahor then took wives
for themselves. The name of the
wife of Abram was Sarai, and the
name of Nahor's wife was Milkah
the daughter of Haran, the father of
Milkah and father of Iskah. Sarai
was sterile and had no child for her-
self. Terah however took Abram his
son and Lot his grandson, the son of
Haran, and Sarai his daughter-in-
law, the wife of Abram his own son,
and departed from Ur of the Kaldees
to travel to the land of Canaan ; and
arriving at Haran they settled there.
The lifetime of Terah was two hundred
and five years; and Terah died in
Haran.
32
Note. — As Ch. xi. of Genesis forms a decisive period in human history, I think it well to
add a note to endeavour to remove a difficulty that has for generations puzzled students of
the Holy Scriptures, in regard to the age to which the men before Abraham are stated to
have lived. Sceptics have delightedly used this point as a weapon of assault upon Biblical
history, and thus upon the Christian Faith. But the difficulty, it appears to me, has arisen
from a want of knowledge amongst both the believers and sceptics of Europe and America
of the methods of expression used in the primaeval literature of Asia, as Governor Holwell
pointed out a century and a half ago in his " India Tracts," and the modes of thought prevalent
among the earliest races of that continent, and which, at least in their religious affairs, continue
to this day, and have even been continued in the legal vocabulary of the British Constitution
to our own times. Thus our constitutional lawyers and books tell us that, according to our
12—i GENESIS. 12- 5
law, "The King never dies, — he only vacates the throne," or demises the crown, yet no one
imagines, or asserts by that expression, that the present reigning monarch is twelve hundred
years of age, as he would be, dating from King Arthur, who is said to be his remote ancestor,
or " father," as he would be called in the Hebrew, Arabic, or Chinese languages. The phrase
of our constitutional law is merely what we now call a " survival" of a very ancient theory.
That theory, and the linguistic idiom of the first eleven chapters of Genesis, as still used in
the religious ideas, and expression of them, amongst the Thibetans, Chinese, and kindred
nations, is, that their Royal High Priest, the Great Lhama, and his subordinate high priests,
equivalent to our archbishops of provinces, never die, but that their souls, their real selves,
when their visible bodies grow old and inconvenient to them, go and select a son, or some
beautiful child or youth, into whom they enter, and through whom they continue to exercise
their beneficent duties as kings and priests, and thus are thousands of years old.
We know, from universal history, that the chief of every tribe was formerly always both
priest and ruler, and as a fact in all organized states the chief magistrate, king, or president
is actually so in our day, and decides with his advisers what doctrines or forms of religion
shall be allowed amongst the citizens of the states over whom he, and they as his adminis-
trators, rule. I refrain from quoting illustrations for want of space. The fact is clear to every
man who reflects.
Using the above lamp of history by which to read the early chapters of Genesis, we may
safely conclude that the patriarchs of such apparently incredible length of life were actually
priest-chiefs of tribes, whose souls were believed to have passed from the first organizer of the
tribe, or the man who as head of a family originated, as Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob did, a
powerful house which developed into a nation, and who ruled it by their descendants until
by internal revolution or by being unseated and expelled from their hereditary offices by some
conqueror, were said to have " died," in the linguistic idiom of their times.
This interpretation of that idiom was suggested to me when studying St. Paul's argument
founded upon the history of Abraham. The Apostle, in the fourth chapter of Romans, quotes
the fact that Abraham believed the promise of the Divine messenger that he should beget a
son, when between 80 and 100 years of age, as a stupendous exhibition of " faith in God," when
he believed that God could accomplish that promise by restoring to him, Abraham, procreative
power, which the patriarch knew had ceased in himself by the natural decay of age, as it did
in all men. But if Abraham's ancestor, Arphaxad, and his father, Terah, and all his contem-
poraries, had been accustomed to his own knowledge to produce " sons and daughters" from
35 years of age until 478 to 500 years, as recorded in Genesis, Ch. xi., and his grandfather,
Nakhor, who died young, to 148, and Terah, his father, when 205 years old, it would have
needed no faith at all of an extraordinary kind for Abraham to believe he could do the same
when only 80, or need any. special restoration of his youth by Divine power to enable him,
as the messenger and the Apostle both said it did. It has long appeared extraordinary to
me that neither the assailants of the Bible, nor its defenders, have seen this question in the
light I now put it, and which is undoubtedly the right one.
St. Paul was a man of the most powerful and clear intellect, and from his splendid line of
inductive reasoning relating to the subject he had in hand, proves that he was accustomed to
read the First Book (or, as we call it now, Chapters) of Genesis in a very different sense
to modern students, and evidently, from his studies of ancient Asiatic writers, now lost to us
through the barbarian ravages and stupid illiteracy of the Romans, with a knowledge that the
sense was different to the idiom of his day, and what my own researches in Oriental literature
and history have shown to be the correct one, as above.
My defence for making this long note is, that this matter has been brought to me so frequently
by sincere Christians as a tormenting source of doubt and mental unrest, and by anti-Christians
triumphantly as a wyeapon to assail all religion, that I have felt it absolutely necessary to present
the religious and scientific publics with the only true and rational solution of the problem ; a
solution supported by history.— F. Fenton.
GENESIS.
BOOK THE SECOND.
listonr of tlje louse of ^bram. punish those who injure you, and all
' ^ the nations of mankind shall become
12 The Ever-living then said to benefited from you." So Abram 4
Abram, "Depart from your native departed, as the Ever-living had told
land, and from the home of your him ; and Lot accompanied him ;
forefathers, to the land to which I and Abram was seventy-five years
2 will direct you. And I will make old at his departure from Haran.
you a great nation, and I will prosper Abram also took Sarai, his wife, and 5
and ennoble your name ; and you Lot the son of his brother, and the
3 shall be a benefactor; and I will whole of his property which he
bless those who benefit you, and possessed, and the slaves which he
12—6
GENESIS.
13-15
had acquired in Haran ; and he pro-
ceeded to travel to the land of Canaan ;
and he came to the country of Canaan.
6 Then Abram travelled in that country
to the village of Shekhem, as far
as Alon-Moreh, and the Canaanites
7 were still in the land. The Ever-
living also appeared to Abram, and
repeated, " I will give this country to
your descendants." So he there
built an altar to the Ever-living Who
8 had appeared to him. Afterwards he
removed from there to the hills at
the East of Bethel, and pitched his
tent with Bethel at the west and
Haai to the east. There he also
built an Altar to the Ever-living, and
called upon the name of the Ever-
g living. Then Abram marched on his
journey, and proceeded to the south.
Aht*ftm*5 Utstt in (Paypt. 01-
il}£ iHtt^ratm.
10 But a famine occurred in the land ;
and Abram went down to Egypt to
stay there for a time, as the famine
11 was severe in the land. And as they
were approaching Egypt, he said to
Sarai his wife, " See now, I know
12 you are a fair woman ; and it may
be that when the Egyptians see you
they will say, ' This is his wife ' ; and
they may murder me, and keep you
13 alive. Say, therefore, that you are
my sister ; so that they may show
respect to me because of you, and my
life may be saved by means of you."
14 And on Abram entering Egypt, the
Egyptians noticed that the woman
15 was very fair. The courtiers of the
Pharaoh also observed her and sung
her praises to Pharaoh. The woman
was accordingly taken to Pharaoh's
16 palace. On her account he favoured
Abram, and presented him with
sheep, oxen, asses, slaves, and maids,
as well as she-asses, and camels. But
17 the Ever-living disturbed Pharaoh
and his household greatly on account
18 of Sarai, the wife of Abram. So
Pharaoh summoned Abram, and
1 g asked, " Why have you done this to
me ? Why did you not inform me
that she was your wife ? Why did
you say, ' She is my sister ' ? For I
might have secured her as a wife for
20 myself. But now take your wife, and
go." And Pharaoh ordered his men
about him, and they sent him away,
and his wife, and all that he had
along with him.
So Abram went up from Egypt 13
with his wife, and all he possessed ;
and Lot accompanied him to the
southern pastures. And Abram was 2
very rich in cattle, silver, and gold.
Afterwards he marched from the 3
south towards Bethel, to the place
where his tent had at first been
pitched, between Bethel and Haai ;
to the place where he had formerly 4
built an Altar, and there Abram called
upon the name of the Ever-living.
Lot also, who journeyed with Abram, 5
possessed sheep, cattle, and camp-
followers ; so that the land could not 6
support them living together ; for
their flocks were so great that they
could not live together. A dispute 7
accordingly took place between
Abram's shepherds and Lot's shep-
herds, and the Canaanite and the
Perizzite, who inhabited the land.
So Abram said to Lot, " Let there 8
be no quarrel between me and you,
or between my shepherds and your
shepherds, for we are both of us
brothers. Is not all the country 9
before you ? I ask you to separate
yourself from me ; if you take to the
left, then I will take to the right ; if
to the right, I will go to the left."
Lot therefore looked up, and 10
observed all the district of the Jor-
dan, that it 'was everywhere well
watered ; before the Lord swept
away Sodom and Gomorrah, it was
like a Garden of the Lord, from the
land of Egypt to the valley of Zoar.
So the whole plain of the Jordan 1 1
pleased him, and Lot marched to the
east ; and they separated from each
other. Abram accordingly remained 1 2
in the land of Canaan ; and Lot
remained in the villages of the plain,
but resided at Sodom. The men of 13
Sodom, however, were very wicked
and sinful in the presence of the
Ever-living.
The. Ever-living said to Abram, 14
after Lot separated from him, " Look
upward, and from the place where you
are take a view northward, and south-
ward, and eastward, and westward ;
for all the land which you see, I will 15
give to you, and to your race for ever.1
1 The reader should carefully guard against
taking the words "for ever" as meaning
"eternally" or "without any cessation," as
popular commentators have been wont to do.
It is used in the Bible, as we use it in daily
life, to indicate only a long or indefinite period.
— F. F.
13—i6
GENESIS.
15-i
16 I will also make your race like the
dust of the earth, so that if a man is
able to count the dust of the earth,
17 then he can number your race. Arise
and march through the land, inspect
both its length and its breadth, for I
18 will give it to you." So Abram struck
his camp, and came and settled in the
Oakwoods of Mamrah which is near
Hebron, and there he built an Altar
to the EVER-LIVING.
Mar of 3Uram iutth the 3fib£ iiitmjs.
14 It was now in the reign of Amrafel,
ki-.-gofShinar^Ariok.kingof Ellassar,
Kedarlaomer, king of Elam,'2 and
■2 Thidal, king of the Golim,3 and they
waged war with Bera, king of Sodom,
and with Bersha, king of Gomorrah,
Shinab, king of Admah, and Sheme-
ber, king of Zeboiim, and king Bela
3 of Zoar. All these were defeated in
the valley of Siddim (now known as
4 the Salt Sea). They served Kedar-
laomer for twelve years ; but in the
5 thirteenth year they rebelled. Accord-
ingly, in the fourteenth year, Kedar-
laomer and his allied kings defeated
the Refaim at Ashteroth's Horn, and
the Zuzim at Ham along with them,
and the Emim at the Devil's Horns,4
6 and the Horites in the mountains of
vSeir, as far as the pastures which
7 adjoin the desert. They then returned
and came to the Well of Justice 5 and
conquered all the plain of Amalakites,
and also the Amorites who inhabited
8 the palm groves. The king of Sodom
accordingly went out with the king of
Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and
the king of Zeboiim, and king Bela of
Zoar ; and they commenced hostili-
9 ties in the valley of Siddim with
Kedarlaomer king of Elam, and
Thidal king of nations, and Amrafel
king of Shinar, and Ariok king of
Ellassar — four kings against five.
10 The valley of Siddim, however, was
full of petroleum pits, and the kings
of Sodom and Gomorrah took flight
and fell there ; and the Hillmen pur-
n sued, and seized all the wealth of
Sodom and Gomorrah, and the whole
12 of their stores and marched off. They
also took Lot, the nephew of Abram,
and his chattels when they marched,
1 Mesopotamia, as we now call it.
2 Western Persia.
3 The heathen.
4 Hebrew, " Shava Qirnim."
3 Or the Fountain of Judgment, " Kadesh."
for he resided in Sodom. A fugitive 13
then came and reported to Abram,
the Colonist, who had settled at the
Oakwoods of Mamrah, the Amorite,
the brother of Ashkol, and brother of
Aner, who were confederate chiefs
with Abram. When Abram heard 14
that they had taken captive his rela-
tive, he then mustered the trained
youths of his own family, to the
number of three hundred and eigh-
teen, and pursued to punish them ;
and overtook them in the night-time, 15
and he and his followers defeated and
pursued them to Hobah, which is on
the north of Damascus. And he re- 16
covered all the property, as well as
Lot his relative, and his property,
together with the men and the people. 1 7
The king of Sodom then met him
to congratulate him after his return
from defeating Kedarlaomer, and the
kings who were with him at the
Devil's valley.1 Melkizedek, also, king 18
of Salem, came out to them with wine ;
and he was a priest of Almighty
God. And he gave him his blessing, 19
and said :
" Almighty God, Creator of
Heaven and Earth, bless Abram ; and 20
you thank the Most High who gave
your enemies into your hand."
He then gave to him a tenth of all
the spoil.
The king of Sodom also said to 21
Abram, "You have given me my life,
so take all the wealth to yourself."
But Abram replied to the king of 22
Sodom, " I have lifted my hand to the
Ever-living God Almighty, the
Maker of Heaven and Earth, against 23
taking even a shoestring, or from
taking anything that is yours, so that
you may not say, ' I have made Abram
rich ; ' except what the soldiers have 24
eaten, and the share of the men who
came with me, Aner, Ashkol, and Mam-
rah— allow7 them to take their share."
(TIjc (f trer-ltlmt0 appears to Abram.
tottlj a |3romisr.
It was after these events that the 15
Ever-living spoke to Abram in a
vision, saying, " Be not afraid.
Abram ; I am your Shield, your
abundant reward ; I will greatly en-
rich you."
1 " (The same as the King's Valley) " is an
inserted note of an ancient transcriber, not a
part of the original text. I therefore put jt at
the foot of the page. — F. F,
M
15—2
GENESIS.
16—12
13
But Abram replied, " Mighty God,
why should You give to me, when I
go childless ? and the possessor of my
house will be Eliezerof Damascus ? "
And Abram continued, " Look at me ;
You have not given me offspring, so
that the steward of my house will
become my heir."
But the Ever-living answered
him, saying, "That man shall not be
your heir ; but one who shall owe his
birth to yourself, shall become your
heir."
Then He took him to the open,
and said, "Look up to the sky, and
count the stars; — if you are able to
count them;" telling him also,
" Thus shall your race be." And
Abram believed in the Ever-living,
and it was repaid to him in righteous-
ness. He also said to him, " I am
the Ever-living Who brought you
from Ur of the Kaldees to give you
this land as an inheritance."
But he replied " Mighty Lord, how
am I to know that I shall inherit it ? "
Who answered him ; " Select for
me a three-year-old heifer, a three-
year-old goat, a three-year-old ram,
a turtle dove, and a young pigeon."
Taking all these he split them in the
middle, and placed each part opposite
its neighbour, but he did not split the
birds. Then the kites descended
upon the carcases; but Abram
drove them away. And, when the
sun was sinking, a stupor fell upon
Abram, and also a great and terrible
darkness oppressed him.
He then said to Abram, " Know this,
and be assured that your race will be
foreigners in a land not their own,
and they shall enslave them and
oppress them for four hundred years.
The nation which enslaves them,
however, I will punish, and after that
I will bring them out with great
wealth. But you shall go to your
forefathers in peace; you shall be
buried with beautiful grey hairs.
And in several generations they
shall return here, when the sins of
the Amorites will be complete."
After the sun set, followed by thick
darkness, a bright cloud appeared ; a
blazing fire, which passed between the
pieces. At the same time the Ever-
living made a covenant with Abram,
saying, " I will give this country to
your race, from the River of Egypt
to the great River Euphrates: The
Kenite, the Kenizzite, the Kadmonite,
the Hittite and the Perizzite, and the 21
Refaim, and the Amorite, and the
Canaanite, and the Girgashite, and
the Jebusite."
^>arat afltrises 5Vhram in marry
Itjagar.
Sarai, Abram'swife, had given him 16
no children, but she had an Egyptian
maid named Hagar. So Sarai said to 2
Abram, " See, now, the Ever-living
has kept me childless, therefore go to
my maid, perhaps she will have a son
forme." And Abram listened to the
voice of Sarai. Therefore Sarai, the 3
wife of Abram, took Hagar the Egyp-
tian maid, at the end of the tenth year
of Abram's residence in the land of
Canaan, and gave her to Abram her
husband, as a wife. So he went to 4
Hagar, and she conceived ; when
she saw that she had conceived, her
mistress was despicable in her eyes.
Then Sarai said to Abram, " My 5
wrong came from you. I gave my
maid to you as wife, and she sees that
she has conceived, and I am de-
spicable in her eyes. Let the Ever-
living decide between me and you."
Abram answered Sarai, " Well, 6
your maid is under your hand ; do to
her whatever you consider right."
So Sarai persecuted her, and she fled
from her presence. A messenger of 7
the Ever-living met her, however, at
the Well of Waters in the Desert, at
the Well by the road to the Wall,1 8
and asked, "Hagar, servant of Sarai,
where are you going, and^ what are
you weeping for ? "
And she answered, " I am flying
from the hand of Sarai, my mistress."
But the messenger of the Ever-living 9
said, "Return to your mistress, and
submit yourself to her." The Ever- 10
living's messenger further said to
her," I will greatly increase your race,
so that they cannot be numbered for
multitude." The EVER-LlviNG'Smes- 11
senger also continued, " You are now
with child, and you will give birth to
a son, and you must call his name
Ishmael.-'for God heard your sorrow.
And he shall be a freeman ; his hand 12
shall be with every man, and the
hand of every man with him, and he
shall stand up in the presence of all
his brothers."
1 The wall across the Isthmus of Suez built
to protect Egypt from border raiders.
2 "He shall hear God."
mac] in Hebrew.— F. F.
WDttf^Ish-
M
16-13
GENESIS.
17
13 She accordingly called the name of
the Ever-living Who spoke to her.
" You are the God I saw; I can say
this, for I have lived after He
appeared to me." So the well was
named " the Well of the Vision of
Life." It is situated between Kadesh
15 and Bered. And Hagar gave birth
to a son to Abram, and Abram called
the name of his son by her, Ishmael.1
16 Abram was eighty-six years old when
Hagar gave birth to Ishmael to
Abram.
QHje ^»ec0ttu ^upcaranre of i/thnuafj
to JVirram. anil ^)r0mts^ oi a ^nn
to §arat.
17 When Abram was ninety-six years
old, the Ever-living appeared again
to Abram, and said to him, "I am
God Almighty, walk before Me and
2 be perfect ; and I will make a Cove-
nant between Myself and you ; and
I will increase you very, very greatly."
3 Abram then fell on his face, and
4 GOD spoke to him saying, " I now
make a Covenant with you, and you
shall be a father of many nations ;
5 so your name shall be Abraham ; for
you shall be the father of many
6 nations. And I will make you very
fruitful, and I will make nations and
7 kingdoms proceed from you. I will
also establish My Covenant between
Myself and you, and with your de-
scendants after you from generation
to generation for ever, to be a God
8 to you and your race after you. I
will also give to you and your race
this country where you are a
foreigner, the whole land of Canaan
for a possession for ever, and I will
be their God."
9 God also repeated to Abraham,
" Now this is the Covenant which }'ou
shall keep, as well as your race after
10 you, in their generations. This is
the Covenant which you shall keep
between Myself and you, and your
race after you ; Circumcise every male
of them ; and they shall be circum-
cised in the foreskin of the body,
for an attestation of the Covenant
12 between Myself and them. And
upon the eighth day every male shall
be circumcised, in their generations,
whether born of the family, or pur-
chased for money ; although he is
13 not of your race. Whoever is the
1 See note 2 on p. 14.
I child of your own family, or bought
for money, shall be circumcised ; and
it is My Covenant in your body as an
everlasting bond. But the degraded 14
male who has not been circumcised
shall then become separated from My
people, because he has broken the
Covenant."
God further said to Abraham, 15
" Sarai, your wife, shall no more be
called by the name of Sarai, for Sarah
shall be her name; and I will bless 16
her, and also give you a son from her,
and she shall become the mother of
nations, and of kings of peoples."
Then Abraham fell upon his face 17
and laughed, and said in his heart,
" When I am an hundred years old ?
and will Sarah also, when ninety
years of age, have children ? " Then
Abraham said to GOD, " I wish that
Ishmael might live in Your favour."
(600 rqirats Ijis ^Jromisr 10 dbljmarl.
And God replied, " Feeble Sarah. 19
your wife, shall give you a son, and you
shall call his name Isaac ; 1 and I will
fix My Covenant with him as an ever-
lasting Covenant for his race after
him. And for Ishmael I have also 20
heard 3-ou. For My Covenant is also
with him ; I make My Covenant with
him and I will increase him very
greatly. He shall beget twelve
princes, and I will grant him to
become a great nation ; but that other 2 1
is the covenant I will fix with Isaac,
whom Sarah your wife will bear
about this time next year." Then
He ceased to converse with him, and 22
the Divine Messenger went up lrom
Abraham.
Abraham accordingly took his son 23
Ishmael, and all who were born in
his family, and all bought with his
money, every male of the people of
the household of Abraham, and cir-
cumcised the foreskin of their bodies
on that very day which God spoke to
him. And Abraham was ninety-nine 24
years old when he was circumcised
in the foreskin of the body. Ishmael 25
also was thirteen years of age when
he was circumcised in the foreskin of
his body. On the very same day 26
Abraham and his son Ishmael were
circumcised. All the men born in his 27
house, or bought with his money, and
foreigners, were circumcised with him.
1 Laughter,
18
GENESIS.
18
-3°
^«»> appears a (Thtru frhtu to
JUrraljam.
18 The Lord again appeared to him at
the Oakwoodsof Mamrah, when he sat
at the door of his tent in the heat of the
day.
2 Then fee raised his eyes and
Hooked, and saw three men standing
<oip3>3site to him ; and he looked, and
called to them from the door of his
3 tent, and bowing to the ground, said,
'" My masters, if now I have found
favour in your eyes, will you not come
■4 m to your servant ? Take a little
wat<*, and wash your feet, and rest
o UPMer the wood ; and take a bit of
thread, and refresh your heart, and
afterwards proceed ; perhaps for this
you passed near your servant ? "
And they replied, " Do as you have
6 said." Abraham then hastened into his
tent to Sarah, and said, " Hasten with
three measures of fine flour kneaded
7 and make cakes." Abraham also
ran to the fold, and took a fine, fat
calf and gave it to a youth, who at
8 once dressed it. Then he took cheese
"and milk, and the calf which he had
dressed, and placed before them, and
he stood opposite them under the
9 trees while they were eating. They
■it'tviWards asked him, " Where is
Sarah your wife?" and he replied,
'•' She is in the tent."
They then said, " I will restore you,
as at the period of youth, and there
shall come a son from Sarah your
wife," and Sarah heard it at the door
of the tent, where she was behind
11 him. Now, Abraham and Sarah
were old— advanced in years and
feeble. It was not with Sarah as
12 women are; so Sarah laughed in
her apartment, saying, "After I am
wasted, will there be pleasure for me,
even when my master is old ? "
13 The Lord1 consequently said to
Abraham, "Why did Sarah laugh?
saying, ' Shall I suckle a child when
14 I am old ? ' Is it a great thing for the
Ever-living to say, 'At such a time,
I will return to you the period of
youth, and give a son to Sarah ' ? "
15 But Sarah denied, replying, "I
did not laugh," for she was afraid.
He, however, answered, " Yes, you
did laugh."
*o
1 The word Lord here does not mean the
Almighty, but only the Divine Messenger.
See note on Exodus. Ch. vi. v. 3 — F F
(The Doom of ^>ooom.
The men then departed from there,
and faced towards Sodom, and
Abraham walked with them to
converse. Then the Lord said,
" Shall I conceal from Abraham
what I am about to do ? When
Abraham is to become a great and
mighty nation, and every nation of
the earth to be blest through him ?
For I have instructed him in order
that he may command his sons, and
the sons of his house after him, that
they must keep to the path of the
Ever-living, and do right and
justice, so that the Ever-living may
cause to come upon Abraham what
He has promised to him." So the
Lord continued: "Sodom and
Gomorrah shriek, for their sins are
many ; and are very grievous. I
have therefore come down and I will
see what causes the shrieks that
have come to Me: have they full
cause ? if not I will know."
So the men turned from there, and
went towards Sodom ; but Abraham
stood firm in the presence of the
Lord ; and Abraham approached
and said, " Will You destroy the just
along with the wicked ? If there are
fifty just persons within the city, will
You destroy it, and not raise Your
hand from the place, because of the
fifty just persons that are within it ?
Far be it from You to do as You have
said, thus to kill the just with the
wicked, and to make the just and the
wicked alike. It js far from You.
Will not the Judge of the whole earth
do justice ? "
The Lord accordingly answered,
" If I find fifty just men in the whole
city of Sodom, then I will for their
sakes take off My hand from all the
place."
Then Abraham answered and said,
" See, now, I began to speak to my
Lord, although I am but dust and
ashes. If there should want five just
persons of the fifty, will You sweep
away the whole city for want of five ?"
And He answered, "I will not
sweep it away, if I find there forty-
five."
But he continued still to speak to
Him, and said, "If there are found
forty there ? "
He replied, " I will not do it for
the sake of the forty."
" Still," he said, " let not mv Lord
1'',
19
1 6
29
3°
18-3i
GENESIS.
10 23
32
33
be angry now, and I will speak ; if
thirty are found there ? "
And He answered, " I will not do
it if I find thirty."
He continued however, " See, now,
I will dare to speak to my Lord ; if
there are found twenty there? "
And He answered, " I will not
destroy it for the sake of the twenty."
He then said, "Let not my Lord
be angry now, and I will speak once
more ; if ten are found there ? "
And He replied, " I will not destroy
it for the sake of the ten."
Then the LORD went to do what
He had told to Abraham ; and Abra-
ham returned to his own place.
aljc Qfstntrttott of ^ouom for ^in.
19 And two of the Messengers came
to Sodom at evening, when Lot was
sitting at the gate of Sodom, and Lot
saw and rose to invite them, and
2 bowed his face to the ground, and
said, " See now my good sirs, turn
aside to the house of your servant,
and rest yourselves, and wash your
feet, and quench your thirst, and you
can then proceed on your journey."
But they replied, " No ; for we
must go further."
3 Then he pressed them much ; so
they turned with him, and came to
his house; and he made them a
repast with unleavened cakes, and
4 they partook of them. It was not
yet time for sleep, when the men of
the city, the men of Sodom, sur-
rounded the house, from youths to
old men ; in fact, all the people of the
5 neighbourhood ; and called out to
Lot, and said to him, "Where are
the men who came to you to-night ?
bring them out to us, that we may
ravish them."
6 Lot however went out to them to
the porch ; and the doors were closed
7 behind him ; and he said, "My friends,
do not commit such wickedness.
8 Look now, I have two virgin
daughters ; I will bring them to you,
and you can do to them whatever
you like ; only to these men do not
such a thing ; for as a protection
from it, they came to the shelter of
my roof."
9 But they replied, "Be off with
that ! This fellow came here a
foreigner, and he dictates decisions ;
now it shall be worse for you than for
them."
Then they rushed to the man Lot
with a vengeance, and attempted to
break the gates. But the men put 10
out their hands, and brought Lot to
themselves into the house, and closed
the gates; and they struck the men 11
in front of the house with blindness,
from the youngest to the oldest, so
that they could not find the door-way.
Then the men said to Lot, "Now, 12
who is with you here, relative, or
son or daughter, or any one that you
have in this city; let them go out
from this place, for we shall destroy 13
this place, for its great shriek has
come before the Ever-living ; and
the Ever-living has sent us to
destroy it." Lot therefore went out 14
and spoke to his relatives, to the
husbands of his daughters, and said,
" Come let us go out from this place,
for the Ever-living will destroy the
city."
But he was considered a fool in the
eyes of his relatives. So, when dawn 15
arrived, the Messengers said to Lot,
" Get up, take your wife and your
two daughters, and go out, for the
crimes of this city are completed."
But he hesitated ; so the men 16
seized hold of his hand, and the
hand of his wife, and the hands of his
two daughters, from the pity of the
Lord towards him, and brought them
out, and placed them outside the
city. And when they had brought 17
them out, they then said, " Fly for your
life ! Look not behind you, and delay
not, in all the plain ; take flight to
the mountains ; take yourself there."
But Lot answered them, " Oh ! my 18
Lords, let now your servant find favour
in your sight, and increase the kind-
ness which you have done to me, to
enliven my soul ; for I am not able to 19
escape to the hills before the disaster
will overtake me, and I shall die. See -o
now this city, it is easy to escape
there, in a little time I can escape to
there ; is it not a trifle ? and my life
will be preserved."
So one replied to him, " Yes, I will 21
accept your presence, also for this
thing, I will not destroy this town on
behalf of which you have spoken. Be 22
quick to escape there, for I am not
able to do the thing until you arrive
there." He accordingly called the
name of that place Tzoar.1 The 23
Trifle.
17
19—24
GENESIS.
20-14
29
3°
sun had risen above the land when
Lot entered Tzoar.
24 The Ever-living then rained
upon Sodom, and upon Gomorrah,
lightning and fire from the EVER-
2-5 living from the skies, and over-
whelmed those towns, them and all
the plain, and all the inhabitants of
the towns, and the produce of the
26 land. But his wife looked back, and
was transformed into a pillar of salt.
27 And when Abraham went in the
morning to the place where he stood
28 before the L*ord, and looked out
towards Sodom and Gomorrah, and
towards all the land of the plain, he
saw and perceived a stench and
smoke rise up from the country, like
the smoke from a furnace.
Thus it was that God destroyed
the cities of the plain. But GOD
remembered Abraham, and sent Lot
beyond the reach of the destruction
with which he destroyed those towns
where Lot lived. And Lot went up
from Tzoar, and settled in the hills
along with his two daughters, for he
was afraid to stay in Tzoar; so he
lived in a cave along with his two
31 daughters. And the elder said to
the younger, " Our father grows old,
and there is not a man in the coun-
try to come to us as others do all the
32 world over. Come on, let us make
our father drunk with wine, and
cohabit with him ; and it may be that
we shall have children by our father."
33 So they made their father drunk
with wine that night, and the elder
went and lay with her father, but he
was not aware of the fact when she
lay down or rose up.
34 It was some time afterwards that
the elder said to the younger, " See,
I went with my father the other night,
let us make him drunk with wine also
to-night, and you can go a^nd lie with
him, and it may be you" will have
35 children by your father." So they
made their father drunk also that
night with wine, and the younger
rose and went with him, and he
knew not when she lay down or
36 when she rose up. Thus both of the
daughters of Lot conceived from
37 their father. Then the elder gave
birth to a son, and she called his
name Moab ; he was the ancestor of
38 Moab, of to-day. And the younger
also gave birth to a son, and she
called his name Ben-Ami ; he was
the ancestor of Amnion, of to-day.
Abraham stti Xbimslsk.
Abraham then removed quietly 20
from there landward, and settled
between Kadesh and the Wall, and
resided in Gherar. And as Abraham 2
said of Sarah his wife, " She is my
sister," Abimelek the king of Gherar
sent and took Sarah. GOD, however, 3
came to Abimelek in a dream at
night, and said, " Beware of death
because of this woman whom you
have taken, for she is a man's wife."
But Abimelek had not made ad- 4
vances to her, so he replied, "My
Lord, would you kill a just person ?
Has not this man said to me ' She is 5
my sister ? ' and did not she herself
say to me, ' He is my brother ? ' In
the honesty of my heart, and the
innocence of my hand, I have done
this."
Then God said to him in a dream, 6
"I also know that in the honesty of
your heart you have done this, so I
restrained you; I also warned you
from sin against Me; therefore I did
not permit you to approach her. So 7
now return the woman to her husband,
for he is a Great Teacher, and will
intercede for you. But if you do not
return her, know that you shall cer-
tainly die, and all that you have."
When Abimelek awoke in the 8
morning, he called his ministers,
and related in their hearing the
whole of these events, and the men
were greatly afraid. Abimelek con- 9
sequently called Abraham and asked
him, "What have you done to us?
and what have I sinned against you,
that you have brought on me and my
kingdom this great danger for acts
they have not done ? You have done
us a wrong." And Abimelek con-
tinued to Abraham, " What have you
seen that you have done this thing ? "
But Abraham replied, " I said that, 10
perhaps, there is no fear of GOD in
this place, and they will kill me on 1 1
account of my wife. And indeed she 12
is my sister, the daughter-in-law of
my father, but not of my mother ; and
she was given to me for a wife. But 13
when God caused me to be a wan-
derer from my father's house, then I
said to her, ' This is the kindness
which you shall show to me in every
place where we come ; say I am your
brother.' "
Abimelek, however, took sheep, 14
oxen, slaves, and girls, and gave to
18
20-i5
GENESIS.
21—28
Abraham ; and he returned Sarah
his wife to him. And Abimelek said,
15 " See my country is before you, stay
wherever it is good for your eyes ; "
while to Sarah he said, " I have given
a thousand gifts to this ' brother ' of
yours, for he must be a covering of
the eyes to all who are with you, and
to all who meet you."
17 Then Abraham appealed for Abime-
lek to God ; and God made the wives
of Abimelek fruitful, and his servants
as well, and they gave birth to chil-
18 dren ; because the Ever-living had
sterilized those of the household of
Abimelek, on account of Sarah the
wife of Abraham.
uHje |3rmttis£ fulfills in Ssanr.
21 The Ever-living afterwards
effected with Sarah what He had
promised, and the Lord did for Sarah
2 that which He had said ; and Sarah
conceiving, gave birth to a son to
Abraham in his old age, in the way
3 that God had promised him. Abraham
accordingly gave the son born to him,
4 by Sarah, the name of Isaac ; and
Abraham circumcised Isaac on the
eighth day, as God had instructed
5 him. And Abraham was then one
hundred years old when his son Isaac
6 was born to him. Sarah then said,
" God has made a delight for me ;
For He has heard my laugh to
Him,
All who hear will laugh with
me ; "
7 and she continued,
" For Abraham I am a flowing
brook,
He has made me suckle children,
For I have borne a son to his
age."
8 When the lad grew and was weaned ,
Abraham celebrated the weaning of
9 Isaac with a great feast. Sarah also
saw the son, which Hagar the Egyp-
tian had borne to Abraham, playing ;
10 and said to Abraham, " Drive out my
maid and her son, for the son of this
slave shall not be an inheritor with
my son Isaac."
iTlK llintciuca ^xamisi to Hfsljmacl.
1 1 But in Abraham's view, this speech
was very bad, in regard to his son ;
12 but God said to Abraham: " Let it
not be disheartening in your sight ;
do all that Sarah has said against the
lad, and against his mother. Listen
to what she says ; for from Isaac I will
nominate an Heir to you. And also J3
from the son of your second wife I
will found a great nation :— for he is
your heir."
Abraham accordingly rose up at *4
dawn ; and taking bread and a skin
of water, he placed them on the
shoulder of Hagar, and the lad's, and
sent her away ; and she went and
wandered in the desert of Beer-sheba. l
When the water in the skin was ex- J5
hausted, however, she placed the lad
under a bush; and went and seated *6
herself on the other side, for she said,
" I shall not then see the lad's death.''
So she rested on the other side, and
she raised her voice and wept. God 17
then heard the voice of the youth,
and a Messenger of God called from
the sky to Hagar and said to her,
"What, Hagar, is the matter? Be
not afraid, for God has heard the voice
of the lad, from where he is. Arise, iS
take the lad, and support him, for I
will make from him a great Nation."
Then God opened her eyes, and she 19
saw a spring of water, and she gave
the lad a drink. Thus GOD gave life 20
to the lad, and he grew, and dwelt
in the desert, and became a mighty
archer, and settled in the desert of 21
Paran ; and she took a wife for him
from the land of Egypt.
Auraljam's ©reatn hritlj Alrimclck.
It was about this time that Abime- 22
lek, and Pikol the commander of his
army, addressed Abraham, saying,
" God is with you in all that you do.
So now take an oath to me before 23
GOD, that you may not deceive, and
to my children and posterity, that the
kindness which I have shown to you,
you will show to me, and to the land
where you have been a foreigner."
And Abraham replied, " I will take 24
the oath." Abraham then reproved 25
Abimelek about the affair of the
well of water, which the servants of
Abimelek had stolen.
Then Abimelek answered, " I did 26
not myself know of that matter ; and
neither did you report it to me ; and
I never heard it until to-day."
Abraham then took sheep and oxen, 27
#and gave to Abimelek, and the two
entered into a treaty.
Abimelek then asked Abraham, 2S
l The Well of the Oath.
19
21—29
GENESIS.
23
29 "What are these seven lambs for,
which you have put by themselves ? "
30 "You take these seven lambs from
my hand," he answered, "that they
may be an evidence for me that I
31 dug this well." They accordingly
called that place the Well of the
32 Oath,1 and he entered into a treaty
at the Well of the Oath, with both
Abimelek and Pikol, the commander
of his army. Then they returned to
33 the land of the Philistines. They also
planted tamarisk trees by the Well
of the Oath, and called there on the
name of the Ever-living Eternal
34 God. So Abraham remained in the
land of the Philistines for many days.
(Llj£ (Trial nf JUiraljam's Jfrtitlj.
22 After these events, God tried
Abraham and said to him, " Abra-
ham," and he replied " I am here."
2 Then He said, " Take your son, your
peculiar one, whom you love — Isaac
— and go to the Land of Vision, and
offer him there as a burnt-offering
upon one of the hills which I will
point out to you."
3 When Abraham woke in the morn-
ing he saddled his ass, and took two
youths along with him, and Isaac his
son, and split up wood for a sacrifice ;
and they rose up and went to the
4 place which God had told him. On
the third day, Abraham looked up,
and saw the spot some distance off.
5 Then Abraham said to his attendants,
" Stay here by yourselves, with the
ass, and the lad and I will go and
worship, and will then return to you."
6 Abraham accordingly took the wood
for the sacrifice and placed it upon
Isaac his son, and took in his own
hand the fire and the knife, and the
two went together.
7 Isaac then said to Abraham, his
father, " My father," and he replied,
"I am here, my son." "There is
fire and wood," he said, "but where
is the lamb for the burnt-offering ? "
8 "God," answered Abraham, "will
provide a lamb for Himself for a
burnt-offering, my son;" so they
9 went on together. When they came
to the place that God had commanded
him, Abraham built an altar, and
arranged the wood, and bound Isaac
his son, and laid him upon the altar,
10 upon the top of the wood. Then
Abraham stretched out his hand, and
l Beer-sheba.
took the knife to slaughter his son ;
but a Messenger from the Ever- ii
living called to him from the skies,
and said, "Abraham! Abraham!"
And he replied, " I am here."
" Stretch not your hand against the 12
young man," he said, "nor do to him
what you intended, for now I know
that you reverence God, and would
not withhold from Me your son, your
special one."
Abraham then looked up and saw 13
a goat caught in a bush by its horns.
So Abraham went, and took the goat,
and offered it as a burnt-offering,
instead of his son. Abraham there- 14
fore called the name of that place
Jehovah-Irah. 1 Then the messenger 15
of the Ever-living called again to
Abraham from the skies, and said to
him, " I promise," the Lord declares, 16
"that because you have done this
thing, and not held back your special
son, that when blessing I will bless 17
you, and when increasing I will
increase your race as the stars of the
skies, and like the sand upon the
sea-shore ; and your race shall possess
the gates of its enemies ; and I will 18
benefit all the nations of the earth
through your heir, because you have
listened to My voice."
Abraham afterwards returned to 19
his attendants, and they rose up and
went back to the Well of the Oath.
After these events a message was 20
delivered to Abraham, " Your sister
Milka has given birth to children to
Nahor your brother, Uz and his 21
brother Buz, and Kemuel the father
of Aram, and Kesed, and Hazo, and 22
Kildash, and Zidlaf, and Bethuel ;
and Bethuel has produced Rebekka, 23
these eight Milka has borne to Nahor
your brother. And his second wife, 24
whose name is Raumah, she also has
given birth to Tabakh, and Gaham,
and Thahash, and Makah."
Clje Drath of ^aralj.
Now the life of Sarah was one 23
hundred and twenty-seven years, the
whole of the life of Sarah ; and Sarah 2
died in Kiriath-Arba, - in the land
of Canan ; and Abraham came to
mourn and lament for Sarah.
1 The Revealing Lord. The words, "It
is said to this day, In the Hill of the Lord it
can be seen,"' are a note of an old copyist, not
part of the text of Moses. — F. F.
- " Now Hebron." is also an ancient
explanatory note. — F. F.
23-3
GENESIS.
24—12
3 Then Abraham rose up from the
presence of his dead, and spoke to
4 the sons of Heth saying; "I am a
foreigner and wanderer with you,
give me the possession of a grave
among you, and I can bury my dead
from my sight."
5 And the sons of Heth replied to
Abraham, "We listen to my lord,
who stands like a god among us.
6 Choose from our tombs a grave for
your dead. None of us will deny his
tomb to you, where you can bury
your dead."
7 Then Abraham rose up, and bowed
to the people of the land, to the sons
8 of Heth, and addressed them saying;
" If it is in your minds to let my dead
be buried from my sight, listen to
me, and apply for me to Ephron, the
9 son of Tzohar, and let him sell to me
the Cave of Macphelah, which is
within the boundaries of his land.
He shall sell it to me for full value
as a tomb possessed among you."
ro Now Ephron resided among the
sons of Heth, and Ephron spoke
after Abraham, in the hearing of the
sons of Heth, to all who came to the
n gates of the town, saying; " No, my
lord, listen to me ! I give you the
field, and the cave that is in it ; I give
it to you in the presence of the sons
of my people ; I give it to you as a
grave to bury your dead."
1 2 Then Abraham bowed to the people
13 of the land ; and addressed Ephron
in the hearing of the people of the
land, saying; " Nay, if you are dis-
posed to listen to me, I will pay you
money for the field ; so accept it from
me and I will bury my dead there."
14 Then Ephron, in reply to Abraham
15 said; "My lord, listen to me; for
four hundred shekels of money
between me and you, the land is
yours, and you can bury your dead."
16 So Abraham listened to Ephron,
and Abraham weighed to Ephron the
money which he had agreed upon,
in the sight of the sons of Heth, four
hundred shekels of silver currency.
17 Thus he bought the field of Ephron,
that is in Macphelah, which is oppo-
site Mamrah, the field and the cave
which is in it, and all the trees which
were in the field, with all the hedge
iS around it. Thus Abraham bought
it in the presence of the sons of Heth,
of all who came to the gate of the
19 town ; and after that, Abraham
. buried Sarah his wife in the cave of
the field of Macphelah, opposite
Mamrah,1 in the land of Canan ;
and the field with the cave in it was 20
acquired by Abraham for a burial
ground from the sons of Heth.
(Tljr "tijtsturn of HJGnnc'o ittnm;uic.
Abraham however grew old, and 24
advanced in years ; and the Lord had
prospered Abraham in everything.
Then Abraham said to his servant, 2
the chief of his household , and steward
over all he had : " I wish you to put
your hand under my thigh, and take 3
an oath to me by the Ever-living,
the God of Heaven, and the God of
the earth, that you will not take a
wife for my son from the Cananites,
among whom I reside ; but that you 4
will go to my old family, and take a
wife for my son Isaac."
But the servant asked him, " If a 5
woman does not desire to come along
with me to this country, shall I return
and take your son to the land from
which you came ? "
When Abraham, in reply to him 6
said, " Be careful not to take my son
there. The Ever-living, the God 7
of Heaven, who took me from my
father's home, and from the land of
my birth, and who spoke to me, and
also took oath to me, saying, ' I will
give this country to your race,' He
will send His Messenger before you ;
and you will bring a wife for my son
from there. But if a woman does not 8
desire to come along with you, then
you shall be free from this oath ;
except that you must never take my
son there."
Abraham's servant accordingly put 9
his hand under the thigh of his master,
and took an oath to him upon this
matter. The servant afterwards took 10
ten camels of his master, and plenty
of his master's wealth in his hand,
and rose up, and went to Aram-
between-the-Rivers, to the town of
Nahor ; and he knelt the camels out- 1 1
side the town, at the well of water,
in the evening, at the time when
they came out to draw water, and
prayed ; — 12
" Ever-living God of my master,
Abraham, turn now Your face to-day,
and do a kindness to my' master
l The words, "That is now Hebron," are
the note of an ancient editor, not part of the
original text, for Hebron had not attained its
name in the days of Moses. — F. F.
24
13
GENESIS.
24-43
13 Abraham. I am here encamped at
the spring of water ; and the daughters
of the men of the town will come out
14 to draw water ; so let it be, that when
the girl to whom I say, ' Hand me
your jar, and I will drink,' if she
replies, ' Drink, and I will also give
drink to your camels,' let Your servant
take her to Isaac ; for by that I shall
know that You will do a kindness to
my master."
15 And it so happened, as he was
coming to the end of his prayer, that
Rebekka, who was the daughter of
Bethuel, the son of Milka, wife of
Nahor, the brother of Abraham, came
out with a bucket upon her shoulder ;
16 and the girl was very beautiful to look
upon, a maiden, who had no sweet-
heart, and she ran to the well, filled
17 her bucket, and drew it up. The
steward was delighted, and spoke to
her, and said ; " Will you give me a
drink of a little of the water from your
bucket? "
18 " Drink, sir," was her reply, and
she tripped on, and lowered her
bucket to her hand and gave him a
19 drink. When she had given him a
drink, she added, "And now, I will
draw for your camels, that they may
20 all have a drink." Then she ran and
carried her bucket to the spring, and
dipped it into the well to draw, and
21 she drew for all the camels. The
man watched her silently, to know
whether or not the Ever-living had
granted prosperity to his journey.
22 And when she had watered all the
camels, then the man took a brooch
of gold of half a shekel, and placed
on her arms two bracelets of rich
23 gold of a shekel and said, " My girl,
will you now ask the men of your
father's house for a place for us to
lodge in ? "
24 And she answered him, " I am the
daughter of Bethuel, the son of Milka,
25 whom she had to Nahor." And she
continued, " We have plenty of straw
and fodder, and room enough for you
to lodge."
26 Then the man bowed, and thanked
27 the Ever-living, and said; "Thank
the Ever-living God of my master
Abraham, Who has not forgotten His
goodness and truth to my master, for
the Ever-living has led me to the
house of the brother of my master."
28 And the girl ran, and reported to the
house of her mother, as it is here
29 related ; and to Rebekka's brother,
whose name was Laban. Then Laban
rose to go to the man who rested near
the well, when he saw. the brooches 30
and the bracelets on the hands of his
sister, and heard the words of Rebekka
his sister, " That the man said this to
me," he went to the man, who re-
mained by the well with his camels,
and said, " Come in, you blessed of 31
the Lord. Why do you stand out-
side, when I offer you the house, and
a stable for your camels?" Then 32
the man entered his house, and he
unloaded the camels, and gave
straw and fodder to the camels,
and water to wash his feet, and the
feet of the young men, who were
with him. He also placed food 33
before them.
But he replied ; "I will not eat
until I have delivered my message."
" Speak," he said.
" I am the servant of Abraham,"
he answered; " and the Ever-living 34
has prospered my master very greatly ;
and has given to him sheep and oxen, 35
and silver and gold, and men and
women servants, camels and asses.
Sarah also, my master's wife, had a 36
son to my master, a son in his old
age, and he will give him all he has.
Now my master has pledged me to 37
say, ' Take not a wife for my son
from the daughters of the Cananites
among whom I reside in their land ;
but go instead, to the home of my 3S
father, and choose a wife for my son
from among my own family.' I re- 39
plied to my master, ' Perhaps the
woman will not come with me.' Then 40
he said to me; 'The Ever-living
Who has caused me to walk in His
presence, will send His Messenger
along with you, and He will guide
you in your path so as to secure a
wife for my son, from among the
children of my own tribe, and from
the home of my father. So take an 41
oath to me that you will go to my
tribe, and if they will not give to you,
you shall be free from your oath to
me.' And I came to-day to the well, 42
and said, ' Lord the God of my
master Abraham, if it pleases You,
point me to the path that I should
follow. See ! I have arrived at this 43
well of water, so let it be that when a
young girl comes to draw, when I say
to her give me a little water from
your bucket and she answers to me,
" Drink yourself, and I will also draw
for the camels," she shall be the wife
24-44
GENESIS.
25— 10
the Lord will grant to the son of my
44 master.' This speech had not come
to an end on my lips, when Rebekka
approached with her bucket upon
45 her shoulder; and she dropped it into
the well, and drew. Then I said to
46 her, ' Pray, give me a drink,' and she
quickly lowered the bucket from off
her, and said ; ' Drink, and I will
also water your camels.' So I drank ;
and she watered the camels as well.
47 Then I inquired of her and asked ;
'.My girl, who are you?' And she
replied, ' The daughter of Bethuel,
the son of Nahor, whom Milka had
to him.' So I placed the brooches
on her brow, and the bracelets upon
48 her hands. Then I bowed to the
Lord and worshipped, and thanked
the Ever-living God of my master
Abraham, Who had been kind to me,
leading me in the right way to the
house of the brother of my master,
49 for his son. And now, if it is your
will to show kindness and truth to
my master, inform me ; and if not,
tell me so, and I will turn to the
right or to the left."
50 Then Laban and Bethuel answered
and said, "This has proceeded from
the Lord ; we are not able to say to
51 you either good or ill. See, Rebekka
is before you ; take her and go ; and
she shall be a wife to the son of your
master, as the Ever-living has
directed."
52 And when Abraham's steward heard
their words, he bowed to the ground
53 to the Lord. The steward also
brought out ornaments of silver, and
ornaments of gold and clothing, and
put them upon Rebekka ; and gave
treasures to her brother and mother.
54 Then they ate and drank he and the
men with him, and rested ; and rising
in the morning, he said, " I will now
55 return to my master." The brother
and mother, however, said, " Let the
girl remain with us a day or two,
after that she shall go."
56 He, however, replied, "If she will
not go with me, then the Lord will
prosper the way of return, and I
will go back to my master."
57 Then they said, " Let the girl be
58 called, and ask her own self." So
they called Rebekka, and asked her,
" Will you go with this man ? " "I
59 will go," was her reply. They, there-
fore, sent off Rebekka their sister,
with her nurse, and the steward of
60 Abraham and his attendants, and
they gave Rebekka their blessing, and
said to her ;
"You are our sister. Increase to
thousands, and may your descendants
possess the gate of their enemies."
Then they lifted Rebekka and her 61
attendants, and placed them upon
camels and they rode after the man ;
thus the steward took Rebekka and
departed.
Now, Isaac was travelling towards 62
the Well of Vision, for he resided in
the south country ; and he had come 63
out to meditate in the field at the
approach of the evening, and there
he raised his eyes and looked, and
saw camels coming. Rebekka also 64
raised her eyes, and saw Isaac, and
dismounted from her camel, and asked 65
the steward, " What man is that who
walks in the field ? " and the steward
replied, " He is my master." So she
took a veil, and put it on. Then the 66
steward reported to Isaac all the
things that he had done ; and Isaac 67
brought her to the tent of his mother
Sarah ; so he took Rebekka, and she
was a wife to him, and he loved her,
and Isaac was comforted after his
mother.
Abraham antr iluhtralj.
Abraham prospered, and he took 25
a wife whose name was Keturah, and 2
she bore himZimram, and Yokshan,
and Midan, and Midian, and Ishbak,
and Shuakh. And Yokshan begot 3
Sheba, and Dedan. And the sons of
Dedan were Ashurim, and Tushim,
and Lammim. And the sons of 4
Midian, Aifah and Afer, and Hanok,
and Abida, and Aldaha, all were
descendants from Keturah. Abraham 5
left all that was with him to Isaac,
but to the sons of the secondary wives 6
that Abraham had, Abraham gave
fortunes and sent them from his son
Isaac, during his own life, to the east
of the eastern country.
These were the days of the life of 7
Abraham that he lived ; one hundred
and seventy-five years ; so Abraham 8
expired and died, a fine grey-headed
old man, and satisfied, and they placed
him with his people ; and his sons 9
Isaac and Ishmael buried him in the
cave of Makphelah on the estate of
Ephron the son of Zohar the Khivite,
which is before Mamrah ; the field 10
which Abraham bought from the sons
of Heth ; there Abraham was buried
23
25—n
GENESIS.
26—8
ii with Sarah his wife. After the death
of Abraham God prospered Isaac his
son, and he resided at the Well of
Vision.
(The IjiGttfni of laljmael.
12 Now these are the sons of Ishmael,
son of Abraham, whom Hagar, the
Egyptian, the slave of Sarah, had by
13 Abraham. These are the names of
the sons of Ishmael, by the names of
their families. The eldest of Ishmael
was Nebioth, and Kedar, and Abdal,
14 and Mibsam, Mishma, and Dumah,
15 and Masa ; Khader, and Thema,
16 Zetur, Nafish, and Kadmah. These
were sons of Ishmael ; and these
their names, by their villages and
towers, twelve men by their nations.
17 The years of the life of Ishmael were
a hundred and thirty-seven years,
when he expired and died, and was
18 added to his people; and they took
him from Havilah to the Wall which
is betweenEgypt and the road toAshur,
laying him with all his relatives.
Ifjistanr oi HJsaar.
19 And these are the children of Isaac,
son of Abraham ; Abraham begat
20 Isaac. And Isaac son of Abraham
was forty years old when he took for
his wife Rebekka the daughter of
Bethuel the Aramite of Padan Aram,
and sister of Laban the Aramite.
21 And Isaac prayed to the Ever-living
about his wife, for she was childless,
and the Lord answered him ; for
22 Rebekka his wife conceived, and the
children struggled together in her
breast and she consequently said,
" Why does this happen to me?" so
went to enquire of the Ever-living.
23 And the Lord said to her, " Two
nations are in your breast, and two
peoples shall proceed from your
womb, and one people shall be
stronger than the other people, and
the elder shall serve the younger."
24 When her days were full for her
25 delivery there were twins ; and the
first born boy came out covered
with hair, and she called his name
26 Esau.1 Then after him came his
brother, with his hand holding the
heel of Esau, so they called his name
Jacob.2
Isaac was sixty years old at the
birth of them.
(Esau sells Ijts IGtrtljrtaljt fonltsljhi.
When the lads grew up, Esau was 27
a man skilful in hunting, — a man of
the-field ; but Jacob was a quiet man, —
a stayer in the tent. So Isaac loved 28
Esau because he hunted with him ;
but Rebekka loved Jacob.
Once when Jacob was boiling por- 29
ridge, Esau came from the field, and
he was exhausted ; so Esau said to 30
Jacob, " Feed me now with that red
porridge, for I am exhausted " ; there-
fore they called hisname" Red-soup."1
But Jacob replied, "Sell me your 31
Birthright to-day."
Then Esau answered, "Now I am 32
going to die — what is that Birthright
to me ? "
So Jacob said, " Swear to me now 33
at once." And he swore to him, and
sold his Birthright to Jacob.
Then Jacob gave to Esau bread 34
and lentil porridge, and he ate, and
drank, and rose up, and went. Thus
Esau was careless about his Birthright.
dlsaac iJitritut a 3Faminc gors to
(£Ij*rar.
Afterwards there was a famine in 26
the land, beside the former famine
which was in the days of Abraham,
so Isaac went to Abimalek, king of
j the Philistines of Gherar. Then the 2
' Ever-living appeared to him in a
j vision and said, " Descend not to
Mitzer;2 dwell in the land that I
; promised you ; remain in this land, 3
! and I will be with you, and will bless
you, for to you and your race I will
give the whole of this country as a
dwelling ; and I will complete the oath
which I swore to your father Abraham ;
and I will increase your race like the 4
stars of the sky ; and I will give to
your race the whole of this country
for a home, and I will bless all the
nations of the earth through your
Heir. In accordance with what I 5
promised to Abraham according to
My words ; — 'if you will carefully
keep My commands and statutes and 6
laws.' " So Isaac remained in Gherar.
When the men of the place asked 7
about his wife, he replied, " She is
my sister," for he feared to say, " my
wife," lest the men of the place should
murder him for Rebekka, for she was
beautiful to look on. After he had S
resided a considerable time, it hap-
pened that Abimalek king of the Philis-
1 The Hairy.
The Tripper-up.
1 Edom.
Egypt.
24
26—g
GENESTS.
27-5
tines was looking out of his window,
when he saw Isaac sporting with his
9 wife Rebekka. Abimalek therefore
summoned Isaac, and said ;." Now she
is your wife ! — then why did you say
to me ' she is my sister ' ? "
And Isaac answered, "Because I
said to myself, I fear they will kill me
because of her."
10 "Why did you do so to us?"
Abimalek said, " perhaps one of the
people might have lain with your
wife, and you would have brought sin
ii upon us." Abimalek, therefore, com-
manded to all his people, saying,
" Whoever touches this man, he shall
as surely die."
fflsaac gnus in ISashan antr(£ Iscluljm.
12 Isaac, however, removed from that
country, and went to Bashan, he and
his possessions, and the Ever-living
13 prospered him. Thus the man
travelled about and increased until
14 he was very great. He also had flocks
of sheep and herds of cattle, and
many servants, and the Philistines
15 were envious of him ; so the Philis-
tines filled with earth all the wells
that the servants of his father Abra-
16 ham had dug in his days. Abimalek,
also, said to Isaac, " Go from among
us, for you are much stronger than
17 we." So Isaac went from there, and
encamped by the river Gherar, and
18 remained there. Isaac, also, settled,
and cleared out the wells of water
which were dug in the time of his
father Abraham, and he called them
by the names they were called in the
19 days of his father. The servants of
Isaac also dug in the valley and dis-
covered there a spring of living water.
20 But the shepherds of Gherar con-
tended with the shepherds of Isaac,
and said, " The water is ours," so he
called the name of the well Strife,
21 because they disputed with him. He
therefore dug another well, and they
contended about that also, so he
22 called its name Contention. He then
removed from there, and dug another
well, and they did not fight over it, so
he called its name " Room-enough,"
for he said, " Now, Lord, You have
given us room, and made us fruitful
23 in the land." Afterwards he arose
from there and went to the Well of
the Oath.
24 And the Ever-living appeared to
him that night, and said ; " I am the
God of your father Abraham ; fear
not; I am with you, and will bless
you and increase your race, because
of My servant Abraham."
Then he built an altar at the place 25
and called on the name of the EVER-
liyixg: and he pitched his tent there.
The servants of Isaac also dug a well.
But Abimalek went to him from 26
Gherar, with his chief herdsman, and
Pikol, the general of his army. Isaac, 27
therefore, asked them ;" Why have
you come to me ? when you are my
enemies, and have driven me from
among you ? "
And they replied ; — ' ' We are terribly 28
afraid, because GOD is with you : so we
would say, let there now bean under-
standing between us and you, and let
a treaty be made with you so that 29
you will not do wrong to us, if we do
not touch you, and as we have cer-
tainly done good to you, and sent you
away in peace. You are now The
Blessed of the Ever-living."
He therefore made them a feast, 30
and they ate and drank, and rose up 31
in the morning when they swore each
to his brother. Then Isaac sent them
away, and they went from him in
peace. In the same day also the 32
servants of Isaac came and informed
him about the well which they had
dug ; and they said " We have found
water." He therefore called it " Satis- 33
faction." Consequently the name of
the village by that well is called
Satisfaction1 to this day.
aljc Htjsturg n* <? sau: attu of Ifarob'n
p£C£JTtt0tt.
When Esau was forty years old, he 34
took as a wife Judith the daughter
of Bari the Hitite ; and Basmath the
daughter of Ailon the Hitite. But 35
they were a bitter wind to Isaac and
Rebekka.
And when Isaac was old, and his 27
eyes dim that he could not see, he
called his eldest son Esau, and said
to him ; " My son," and he replied ;
"I am here." Then he said; "See 2
now, I am old, and I know not the
day of my death ; so now take up 3
your spear, quiver, and bow, and go
to the field and hunt venison for me,
and make me tasty food such as I 4
love, and bring it to me,. and I will
eat it, so that my soul may bless you
before I die."
But Rebekka heard the speech of 5
Isaac to Esau his son, and that Esau
1 Shebeh/in Hebrew.— F. F.
25
27
GENESIS.
27—36
had gone to the field to hunt venison
6 to bring in. Then Rebekka spoke to
Jacob her son, and said, " I have just
heard your father speak to your brother
7 Esau, saying, ' Bring to me venison,
and make me tasty food, that I may eat
it, and I will bless you before I die.'
8 So now my son, listen to my voice to
9 do what I shall order you. Go to the
flock, and select for me two good
kids of the goats and I will make
tasty food for your father such as he
10 loves, and you shall carry it to your
father, when he will eat, and because
of it he will bless you before his
death."
11 But Jacob said to Rebekka his
mother : " But my brother Esau is a
hairy man, and I am a smooth man ;
12 when my father feels me I shall be
in his eyes like a swindler, and shall
bring a curse on myself, and not a
blessing."
13 His mother however said to him;
' ' Let any curse for you come on me my
son, only you go and do as I tell you."
14 He consequently went, and did it,
and brought to his mother, and she
made for him tasty food such as his
15 father loved. Then Rebekka took
some of the clothes of her son Esau,
which were in the house with her,
and put them on her younger son
16 Jacob, and put the skins of the kids
of the goats on his hands, and the
17 smooth part of his neck. Then she
gave the dainties and the bread which
she had made into the hand of her
iS younger son Jacob, and he went to
his father, and said to him ; "Father,"
and he replied, " I am here ; who are
19 you ? " When Jacob answered, " I am
your eldest son Esau, I have done as
you asked me. Rise now, turn and
eat of my venison, so that your soul
may bless me."
20 Isaac, however, asked his son ; !
" How is it you have been so quick
in meeting with it my son ? "
So he replied; "Because your
Ever-living God brought it before
me."
21 Then Isaac said to Jacob, "Come '
near me, my son, and I will feel if
you are really my son Esau, or no."
22 So Jacob approached to Isaac his !
father and he felt him, and said " The
voice is the voice of Jacob, but the
hands are the hands of Esau,"
23 therefore he did not detect him,
because his hands were like the '
hands of his brother Esau, hairy,
26
and he was thankful. Yet he asked, 24
" Are you really my son Esau ? " and
j he replied, " I am."
Then he said ; " Bring it to me and 25
I will eat of the venison of my son,
so that my soul may bless you."
He consequently presented it to 26
him and he ate ; and he brought wine
to him and he drank.
Then Isaac his father said, " Come 27
close now, my son, and give me a
drink." So he approached and gave
him a drink ; and he smelt the smell
of his clothes and was satisfied, and
said ; — ' Yes ! the smell of my son is
like the smell of a field which the
Lord has blessed, so may God give 28
to you the dew from the skies, and
the fatness of the earth, and increase
and possession. Nations shall serve 29
you, and bow down to you ; yes, a
multitude of mighty peoples, with
your brothers also shall pay tribute
to you, my son. If any curses you,
he shall be cursed ; and if any blesses
you, he shall be blessd."
But it happened that as Isaac 30
finished blessing Jacob, and Jacob
had gone away from the presence of
Isaac his father, that Esau his
brother came with his venison, and 31
he also had made dainties, and
brought them to his father, and said
to his "father, " Arise, my father, and
eat of the venison of your son, so
that your soul may bless me."
Isaac his father however asked of 32
him; "Who are you?" and he
replied " I am your firstborn son
Esau."
Then Isaac was terrified with a 33
very great terror, and asked ; " Who
then is he who has hunted venison,
and brought it to me, and I have
eaten of all before you came, and I
have blessed him ? — Yes and he must
be blessd."
When Esau heard the speech of 34
his father, then he cried with a very
great and bitter cry, and said to his
father; "Bless me, also me, my
father."
But he replied ; " Your brother has 35
come with deception and stolen your
blessing."
And he answered ; " He was 36
rightly named ' Tripper-up ' 1 for he
has tricked me this twice ; to take my
birthright, and also now to take my
l " Tripper - up." In Hebrew Yakob =
English Jacob. — F. F.
27-37
GENESIS.
28
blessing." Then he asked, " Have
you not a blessing left for me ? "
37 But Isaac replied and said to Esau ;
" Since I have made him your Master,
and have given all his brothers to
him for servants, and with increase
and possession I have endowed him ;
— where now my son is there anything
I can do ? "
38 But Esau said to his father; "Is
there then only One Blessing with
you my father ? Bless me also, my
father ; " and Esau lifted up his voice
and wept.
39 Then Isaac his father answered
and said to him ;
" Yes ! in the most fertile land shall
be your dwelling.
And with the dew from the skies
above.
40 And you shall live by your sword,
but shall serve your brother ;
Vet when you extend, you shall
break his yoke
From off your neck."
41 But Esau hated Jacob for the bless-
ing with which his father had blessed
him ; and Esau said in his heart,
" The day approaches for the mourn-
ing of my father, when I will kill my
42 brother." But the words of her
elder son Esau were reported to
Rebekka, so she sent and called her
younger son Jacob, and said to him ;
" Now Esau, your brother, intends to
43 kill you ; consequently my son listen
to my voice, and arise and go away
to Laban my brother, at Kharan,
44 and stay with him for some time,
until the anger of your brother has
45 passed away. When the rage of
your brother against you has passed,
and he forgets what you have done
to him, I will send and fetch you
from there. Why should I be de-
prived of both in one day ? "
46 Then Rebekka said to Isaac, " I
hate my life in the presence of these
Hitite girls ! If Jacob should take a
wife from among these Hitite girls —
such girls as they are, in this country,
— why should I live ? ' '
Jacob ontt tc ^hturtit Aram.
28 Consequently Isaac called for Jacob
and blessed him, and commanded
him not to take a wife from the girls
2 of Canan. " Arise, go to Padan
Aram, to the house of Bethuel, your
mother's father, and take yourself a
wife from there from the daughters
of Laban, your mother's brother.
And may Almighty God bless you, 3
and make you fruitful, and increase,
and may you become an assembly of
nations, and may He give the bless- 4
ings of Abraham to you and your
race with you, to inherit the land of
your strangerhood, which GOD gave
to Abraham." Thus Isaac sent off 5
Jacob, and he travelled to Padan
Aram, to Laban, the son of Bethuel,
the Arami, the brother of Rebekka,
the mother of Jacob and Esau.
But when Esau knew that Isaac 6
had blessed Jacob and sent him to
Padan Aram to take himself a wife
from there to comfort him, — and had
ordered him saying, "Take not a
wife from the girls of Canan," and 7
that Jacob had listened to the voice
of his father and mother, and had
gone to Padan Aram. Then Esau 8
perceived that the girls of Canan
were displeasing in the eyes of Isaac
his father, so Esau went to Ishmael 9
and took Malath the daughter of
Ishmael the son of Abraham, the
sister of Nebaioth, besides his other
wives, as a wife to himself.
Jacob's Ijtstnru in ^auatt Aram.
Jacob, however, set out from the 10
Well of the Oath and travelled to
Kharan. And he arrived at a place, 11
and rested there, for it was sunset ;
so he took one of the stones of the
place and put it for his pillow, and
laid down in the spot. Then he 12
dreamed and saw a ladder with its
foot standing on the ground and its
head reaching to the heavens, and
there were Messengers of God
ascending and descending it. And 13
he saw the Ever-living stationed
above it, Who said ; " I am the Ever-
living God of your father Abraham,
and the God of Isaac, — the land
which you now lie upon I will give
to you and your race ; and your race 14
shall be like the dust of the earth,
and shall spread West and East, and
North and South, and all the Nations
of the world shall be benefited by
you and your Heir. Be assured also 15
that I am with you, and will guard
you wherever you go, and I will give
you a quiet return to this country,
for I will not forsake you until I have
accomplished what I have promised
to you.''
Then Jacob awoke from his sleep, 16
28—17
GENESIS.
29—27
and exclaimed; "The Ever-living
is certainly in this place, and I knew
17 it not;" so he was afraid and said;
" How terrible this place is! Is not
this truly the House of God ? and this
18 the Gate of Heaven ? " Jacob, how-
ever, slept until morning, when he
took the stone which he had placed
for a pillow and sat it upright, and
19 poured oil on the top of it, and called
the name of that place " God's
House"1 (but Andam-loz was its
20 former name). Then Jacob vowed a
vow, saying; "If the EVER-LIVING
God is with me, and will guard me
in the way that I now go, and give
to me bread to eat and clothing to
21 put on, and bring me back safely to
the house of my father, — then the
22 Ever-living shall be my God. And
this stone which I placed for a pillow
shall be a House of God, and of all
that You give to me, I will return a
tenth part to You."
29 Then Jacob arose on to his feet, and
went towards the land of the sons of
2 the East; and he looked and saw a
Well in the field and there were by
it three flocks of sheep lying down,
for from that Well they watered the
flocks, — but a great stone was on the
3 mouth of the Well. So when all the
flocks had collected there, they rolled
away the stone and watered the
sheep, and then returned the stone
on to the mouth of the Well until
4 another time. Jacob, therefore, asked
them, " Brothers where do you come
from?" and they replied, "We are
from Kharan."
5 Then he asked them if they knew
Laban the son of Nahor ? When they
answered, " We know him."
6 He next asked them, " Is he well ? "
and they said ; " He is well, — and here
is Rachel his daughter coming with
his sheep."
7 Then he asked; "Look! it is full
day already ; — is it not time to water
the cattle and sheep that they may
go and feed ? "
S But they replied, "We cannot,
until all the flocks are collected, and
they roll away the stone from off the
mouth of the Well and water the
sheep."
g Whilst he was speaking with them
Rachel came with her father's sheep,
10 for she shepherded them. But it
happened that when Jacob saw Rachel
1 Beth-el.
the daughter of Laban the brother of
his mother, and the sheep of Laban
his mother's brother, that Jacob
rolled the stone from off the mouth
of the Well and watered the sheep of
his mother's brother Laban. Then 11
Jacob kissed Rachel, and lifted up
his voice and wept : and Jacob said 12
to Rachel, " I do it because I am a
relative of your father, and because
I am the son of Rebekka." So she
ran and reported it to her father.
When Laban had heard the report 13
about Jacob, the son of his sister, he
ran to invite him and embraced him,
and kissed him, and brought him to
his home, where he related to Laban
all these events.
Then Laban said, " You are my 14
bone and my flesh"; so he stayed
five days with him, when Laban said 15
to Jacob, " Since you are my relative,
now serve me, and also inform me
what wages I shall pay you ? "
Jlacob'r. 3faitljfit! Ika'az.
Now Laban had two daughters the 16
name of the eldest Leah, and the
name of the youngest Rachel. But 17
the eyes of Leah were timid, and
those of Rachel perfect in form and
beautiful to see, and Jacob loved iS
Rachel, so he replied, " I will serve
you seven years for your youngest
daughter Rachel. "
Laban then replied, "Good; she 19
shall be yours. — I will give her for a
wife after you have stayed with me."
So Jacob waited for Rachel seven 20
years, but they were to him like a
single day because of the love he
had for her. Then Jacob said to 21
Laban, " Give me my wife, for the
time is up, and I will go to her."
Laban then collected all the men 22
of the place and made a feast, and 23
when it was dark he took Leah his
daughter and brought her to him,
and he went to her. Laban also gave 24
Zilfa his servant, to Leah to be her
servant.
But when it was morning he dis- 25
covered it was Leah, and said to
Laban, " Why have you done this to
me ? Was it not for Rachel that I
served you ? Then why have you
cheated me? "
But Laban answered, "It is not 26
our custom in this country to give
the younger before the elder. Count 27
the seven for this, then I will give to
you also the other, and for her you
28
29—28
GENESIS.
30—28
shall serve with
years afterwards.'
me another seven
30
34
35
Jacob therefore agreed to it, that
he would serve thus, so he gave
Rachel his daughter to him for a
29 wife. Laban also gave to Rachel
Bilah his servant to be her servant.
He therefore went to Rachel, and he
loved Rachel completely, and served
to him other seven years afterwards.
31 But the Ever-living saw that he
hated Leah, so he opened her womb,
32 but Rachel was childless. So Leah
conceived and bore a son, and she
called his name Reuben, for she said,
that "The Ever-living has looked on
my sorrow, so that now my husband
33 may love me." And she conceived
again and bore a son, and said,
" Now the Ever-living has heard
that he hates me, so He has given to
me also this;" and she called his
name Simeon. Then she conceived
again and bore a son, and she said,
" Now certainly my husband will
cling to me, for I have borne him
three sons ; " therefore she called his
name Levi. She also conceived again
and bore a son, and she said "This
time I will praise the Lord," so she
called his name Judah. Then she
ceased to bear children.
30 "\\ "hen Rachel saw that she bore no
child to Jacob she envied her sister,
and said to Jacob, "Give me children,
and if not I shall die ! "
2 But Jacob's anger fired at Rachel,
and he answered, "Am I in the
place of God, to hold back from you
the fruit of your body ? "
3 She therefore said, " See now my
attendant Bilah ; — go to her and she
shall bear at my knee, so that I also
myself shall have children from her ; "
4 so she gave to him Bilah her servant
for a wife. And Jacob went to her,
and she conceived and bore a son to
5 Jacob. Then Rachel said ; " God
has done me justice, and also has
heard my voice and given me a son,"
therefore she called his name Dan.
7 Again Bilah the servantof Rachel con-
ceived and bore a son to Jacob, when
S Rachel exclaimed, " I struggled with
God ; I also struggled with my sister ; "
so she called his name Naphthali.
9 When Leah saw that she ceased to
bear, she took Zilfa her attendant
10 and gave her to Jacob for a wife, so
Zilfa the servant of Leah bore a son
to Jacob. Then Leah said, " By a
troop," and called his name Gad.
16
Zilfa the attendant of Leah also 1 1
bore a second son to Jacob ; and Leah 12
exclaimed, " I am blest, for the
women will bless me," she there-
fore called his name Asher.
Reuben once went out at the time 14
of wheat harvest, and found love
apples in the field, and brought them
to Leah his mother, when Rachel
said to Leah, " Give me, I pray, some
of your son's love apples."
But she said, " Is it a trifle that you 15
have taken my husband, and would
you also take the apples of my son ? "
When Rachel replied ; — " Come,
now, — he shall sleep with you to-night,
in exchange for your son's apples."
When Jacob came from the field in
the evening, Leah met him, and said
to him ; " You must come, for I have
hired you with the love apples of my
son, so sleep with me to-night." And 17
God heard Leah, so she conceived
and bore a fifth son to Jacob. Leah iS
therefore said, " God has paid me
wages, because I gave my servant to
my husband." She therefore called
his name Issakar.1
Leah afterwards conceived again a 19
sixth son to Jacob. Then Leah said, 20
" God has endowed me, even me,
with a good dowry, so that my
husband will live with me, for I have
borne him six sons," therefore she
called his name Zebulon.2 She after- 21
wards also bare a daughter, and called
her name Dinah.3
But God remembered Rachel, and 22
God listened to her, and opened her
womb ; and she conceived and bore 23
a son. Then she said; "God has
taken away my reproach." She 24
therefore called his name Joseph,4
saying, "The Ever-living has added
to me another son."
But it occurred that when Rachel 25
had borne Joseph, Jacob said to
Laban, " Send me away, and I will
go to my own home, and to my own
country. Give me my wives and my
children, whom I have served you
for, because I must go with them, for
you know the wages for which I have
served to you."
H'tttmn prrsuarirD ihunir ta brcumr
Ijts (fljicf ^Ijcuhrru.
But he replied ; " Name your wages 28
to me and I will give you them."
1 Meaning in Hebrew " Wages." — F. F.
- Endowment. 3 Justice. 4 Increase.
26
29
30—29
GENESIS.
31—16
29 So he answered him ; " You know
how I have served yon, and how your
30 herds have been with me ; for they
were small that were with you before
me, and they have spread out to many,
and the Ever-living has blessed
you at my feet. Yet have I gained
even a house of my own ? "
31 But he replied ; " What shall I j
give ? "
Then Jacob answered ; " You shall j
not give me anything. If you will do
this thing for me I will conduct your
32 sheep and guard them. I will go j
over all your sheep to-day counting, j
Every sheep speckled or spotted, and
every black sheep among the lambs,
and every spotted or speckled in the
33 rams, they shall be my wages ; and
you shall assign them justly to me
from to-day forward, as my wages
from you. All that is not spotted or
speckled in the goats, or black in the
sheep, it shall be a theft with me."
34 And Laban replied; "It shall be
exactly as you say."
35 He therefore separated on that day j
the marked and spotted rams, and all I
the marked and speckled of the goats j
from all that were white, and all the |
black sheep, and gave them to the
36 hands of his sons, and put a three I
days' journey between them and be- |
tween Jacob's ; but Jacob shepherded ;
the other sheep for Laban his father-
in-law.
37 Jacob then selected young wands !
of willow, and almond, and sycamore,
and peeled them ; peeling to the
white so as to show the whiteness of
38 the wands, and he stuck the wands
which he had peeled near the water-
ing troughs where the sheep came to
drink, in the sight of the sheep, when
they were hot for breeding after
39 drinking. So the sheep were hot
amongst the wands, and bore, and
the sheep bore marked, and spotted,
40 and speckled. Then Jacob separated
the lambs and placed the faces of the
sheep towards the striped, and gave
all the black among the sheep of
Laban to his own flocks, and did not
assign them to the sheep of Laban.
41 Thus when any of the strong sheep
were hot for union, then Jacob placed
the wands before the eyes of the
sheep, near the troughs, to inflame |
42 them among the wands. Before the |
feeble of the sheep, however, he
placed them not; so the feeble went
to Laban and the strong to Jacob. 1
Thus the man increased very much, 43
and he possessed many sheep, and
women and men servants, and camels
and asses.
However he heard the sons of 31
Laban talking, saying, "Jacob will
take all that our father has, and from
what our father possessed he has
made all his wealth." Jacob conse- 2
quently watched the face of Laban,
and perceived it was not with him as
formerly.
Then the Ever-living said to 3
Jacob, " Return to the land of your
fathers and your birth, and I will be
with you." So Jacob sent and called 4
Rachel and Leah to the field to his
sheep, and said to them, " I see that 5
the face of your father is not with
me as formerly, — but the God of my
fathers is with me. Now you know 6
that with all my strength I have
served your father. But your father 7
has deceived me, and changed my
wages ten times ; God however did
not allow him to do evil to me. For 8
when he said, ' The spotted shall be
your wages,' all the sheep were
spotted : — but if he said, ' The streaked
shall be your wages,' then all the
sheep were streaked ; so God took 9
away the flocks of your father and
gave them to me.
" It also happened in the season of 10
the heat of the sheep, that I raised
my eyes in a dream and saw the rams
leaping on the streaked, speckled
and spotted sheep, and the Messenger 1 1
of God said to me in the* dream,
'Jacob;' and I replied "I am here.'
Then he said, ' Lift up your eyes 12
and see all the rams leaping on the
streaked, speckled and spotted sheep,
for I have seen all that Laban has
done to you. I am the God of the 13
House of God * which you con-
secrated there in the pillar which
you dedicated to me, — where you
vowed a Gift. Go from this country,
and return to the country of your
birth. ' "
Then Rachel and Leah answered 14
and said to him ; " What portion or
inheritance is there to us in the house
of our father? Are we not like 15
strangers and outcasts to him ? for
he sold us, and has eaten up our
money. For all the wealth which 16
God has stripped from our father
l Beth-el in Hebrew means " House of
God."— F. F.
30
31-17
GENESIS.
31-47
23
26
27
33
that is ours, and our children's, so do
all that God has said to you."
Therefore Jacob arose, and mounted
his children and wives on camels,
and collected the whole of his herds,
and the whole of the property which
he had acquired by trading ; property
he had acquired in Padan Aram, to
go to his father Isaac in the land of
Canan.
Laban, however, had gone to shear
his sheep, so Rachel stole the Tera-
phim which were her father's. Thus
Jacob stole away secretly from Laban
the Arami, without informing him,
for he fled from him. So he fled, he
and all he possessed, and they went
up and crossed over the river, and he
set his face to Mount Gilad. But on
the third day it was reported to Laban
that Jacob had fled.
Then he took his relatives with him
and pursued after him — a seven days'
journey, and came up with him at
Mount Gilad. But God appeared to
Laban the Arami in a dream by night,
and said to him ; " Guard yourself in
what you do to Jacob for either good
or ill." Laban, however, overtook
Jacob : and Jacob had pitched his
tent on the hill, but Laban with his
relatives on Mount Gilad.
Laban then said to Jacob ; "What
have you done ? You have carried
away my daughters like captives,
desolate ? Why did you steal away
to fly and deceive me, and not inform
me, when I would have sent you away
with pleasure, and with the sound of
drums and harps ? You have not
even let me kiss my children, and
your children. You have acted like
a fool ! Truly there is a God who
guides me from evil in acting with
you ; for the GOD of your father last
-night said to me, ' Guard yourself in
dealing with Jacob for good or ill ; '
so go your journey ; for you desire the
house of your father ; — but why have
you stolen my gods ? "
Then Jacob replied, " Because I
was afraid ; for I said he will certainly
steal his daughters from me. If,
however, you find your Gods, it is
not known to me. Go round what is
with me, and take your own." (For
Jacob did not know that Rachel had
stolen them.)
Laban, therefore, went round the
tent of Jacob, and the tent of Leah,
and to the tents of the two mothers,
and did not find them ; consequently
he left the tent of Leah and went to
the tent of Rachel. But Rachel had 34
taken the Teraphim and placed them
under the camel-saddle, and sat upon
them, so Laban searched all the tent
and could not find. And she said to 35
her father " Let it not grieve your
eyes my Lord that I am not able to
rise before you, for the way of women
is on me." So he searched and did
not find the Teraphim.
Then Jacob was furious, and abused 36
Laban, and Jacob was savage and
said to Laban, " What is my fault ;
and what is my sin ? that you have
come after me ? Now you have 37
searched all my goods, what have you
found of all the goods of your house ?
Put it before my people and your
people, and they shall decide between
us. During the twenty years I have 3S
been with you, I have not lost a sheep
or a goat of yours, and I have never
eaten a ram of your flock. I have 39
not brought you the maimed. I have
borne the loss from my own hand.
I have restored to you the stolen by
day, -and the stolen by night. I have 40
borne the heat by day, and the cold
by night, and my eyes never rested.
This twenty years I have been in 41
your house, — I served you fourteen
years for your two daughters, and six
years for your sheep, and you cheated
me over my wage ten times. If the 42
GOD of my father Abraham, and the
Worshipped of Isaac, had not been
with me, then you would have sent
me away empty. But GOD saw my
weary feet, and defended me last
night."
But Laban answered ; and said to 43
Jacob; " The girls are my girls, and
the children my children, and the
sheep my sheep ; and all that you see
is mine ; and for the girls what shall
I do for them or the children which
they have borne ? However, now, 44
come on, and let you and I make a
settlement, and let it be a witness
between Myself and You."
Then Jacob took a stone and set it 45
up with both his hands, and Jacob 46
said to his father-in law, " Let them
collect stones." So they collected
stones and made a heap. Then they
feasted on the heap there, and Laban 47
called it for himself, " The Heap of
Witnesses," but Jacob called it for
himself "The Heap of Evidence."1
1 Gilad.
31— 4S
GENESIS.
32—23
48 Laban also said ; " This heap
is a Witness between me and
between you to - day ; " therefore
49 they called its name Gilad1 and
a "Watch-tower," for he said, "Let
the Ever-living watch between me
and between you to keep each from
50 evil. If you grieve my daughters, —
and if you take wives beside my '
daughters, when we are not together,
let God see the Witness between me
51 and you." Then Laban added to \
Jacob, " See this heap, and see the 1
pillar which I have raised between 1
me and between you ; — Witness this i
Heap, and Witness this Pillar, if I ;
should pass over to you beyond this
Heap ; or if you should pass over to
me beyond this Heap, and this Pillar
53 for evil, the God of Abraham, and
the God of Nahor judge between us;
the God of our fathers."
Jacob then swore by the Wor-
54 shipped of his father Isaac. And
Jacob sacrificed a sacrifice on the
Heap, and invited his relatives to eat
bread. So they ate bread, and they
rested on the Heap.
32 Laban then rose up in the morning,
and kissed his sons and his daughters
and blessed them, and went and
2 returned to his own place. But
Jacob continued his journey; and a
3 Messenger of GOD met him. So
Jacob said, " What a glorious en-
campment of God this place is ! " —
therefore he called the name of that
place, " The Encampment."
iflcethuv oi (Esau anir |narb.
4 Then Jacob sent messengers before
himself to his brother Esau, at Mount
5 Seir, in the land of Edom, and he
commanded them saying; "You
shall say this to my Lord Esau, —
'Jacob, your servant, says thus, — " I
have lodged with Laban, and stayed
6 until now, and there are with me
bullocks, and asses, and sheep and
serving men and women, so I have
sent to inform my Lord, to find favour
in your eyes." '
7 When the messengers returned to
Jacob they reported;
" We went to your brother, to Esau,
and he is also coming to call upon
you, and four hundred men with
him."
8 Jacob, consequently, was very
ereatlv afraid, and it distressed him ;
1 Witness-heap.
so he divided the people who were
with him, and the sheep and the
cattle, and camels into two camps ;
" because," he said, " if Esau comes
to the one camp, and assails it, then
there will be the other to fly to."
Jacob also said, " God of my father 10
Abraham, and God of my father
Isaac, the Lord Who said to me
' Return to the land of your birth
and I will be good to you.' I am un- 11
worthy of all the mercies and of all
the support which You have shown
to me when I, Your servant, passed
over this torrent with my staff, and I
am returning as two camps. Grant 12
me a deliverance from the hand of
my brother, from the hand of Esau,
for I fear that he will come and cut
off mothers with children. But You 13
have said ' Supporting I will support
you, and I will make your race like
the sand of the sea, which cannot be
counted for quantity.' "
So he rested there that night. 14
Then he took presents in his hand ; —
presents for his brother Esau : A 15
hundred goats, and twenty he-goats ;
a hundred sheep, and twenty rams ;
thirty suckling camels with their 16
foals ; forty cows and ten bulls ;
twenty she-asses and ten asses ; and 17
he put them under the hands of
servants separately, troop by troop,
and said to his servants, " Go before
me, and spread a space between
troop and troop." He also ordered 18
the foremost, saying, " If you meet
Esau, my brother, and he asks you
' Who are you ? and where are you
going? and whose are these before
you ? ' you shall reply, ' From your 19
servant, from Jacob, a present he
sends to my Lord, to Esau. And look
also he is behind us ! ' "
He ordered the second also, with 20
the third, with all the servants who
followed after them, repeating, "You
shall say the same words to Esau if
he meets with you, and you shall 21
also say to him, ' See, your servant
Jacob is behind us.'" For he re-
marked, " I will pacify him first by
the presents that I send to him, and
afterwards I will see by his face
whether or no I can stand before
him."
Thus he sent presents over before 22
him ; but he himself stopped that
night in the camp. However he 23
arose at night and took his two wives,
and the two second wives, and his
32
32-24
GENESIS.
33-20
eleven lads and crossed the ford of
Jabok.
24 So he took them and passed them
over the brook, and sent over all who
25 were with him. Jacob, however,
was left alone by himself, and a man
wrestled with him until the departure
26 of the darkness. He saw, however,
that he was not equal to him, so he
touched him in the hollow of the
thigh, and struck the hollow of the
thigh of Jacob whilst wrestling with
27 him. Then he said, " Release me,
for the darkness is going."
But he replied, "I will not let you
28 go unless you bless me." Then he
answered, " What is your name ? "
And he said, "Jacob."
29 When he responded, "Your name
shall no longer be called Jacob, but
' Israel ' ; — for you have wrestled with a
Divine Messenger, as with men, and
been equal to it."
30 Then Jacob asked, and said, " Tell
me your name ? "
And he replied, " Why do you ask
my name ? " but he then blessed him.
31 Jacob, consequently, called the
name of that place " Pen-i-El " — that
is "God's face" — "for I have seen
divinities face to face and preserved
32 my life." And the sun arose on him
as he crossed over from Peniel, but
35 he limped on his thigh. Therefore
the children of Israel do not eat the
sinew-nerve from the foot to the thigh
until this day, for he struck Jacob in
the sinew-nerve at the hollow of the
thigh.
}\acob anii (£san iHeet.
33 Then Jacob raised his eyes and
saw that Esau approached, and four
hundred men with him ; so he sepa-
rated the children of Leah and of
Rachel, and of the two second wives,
2 and placed the second wives and
their children in the front, and Leah
and her children next, and Rachel
3 and Joseph behind ; but he passed
to the front of them and bowed to the
earth seven times whilst approaching
to his brother.
4 But Esau rushed forwards, and
called to, and embraced him, and fell
on his neck and kissed him, and
5 wept. Then he lifted his eyes and
saw the wives and children and asked.
" Who are these with you ? "
And he replied, "The children
which GOD has given me, your ser-
vant."
Then the second wives approached G
with their children and they bowed.
Leah also came forward and her 7
children, and they bowed, and after-
wards Joseph and Rachel, and they
bowed.
So he asked, " What is all this camp 8
with you which approaches me ? "
When he replied, "To find favour
in the eyes of my Lord ! "
Esau, however, answered, " I have 9
plenty, my brother : let your own
remain to yourself." But Jacob said, 10
" Not so ; if now I have found favour
in your eyes, take a present from my
hand, for certainly I have seen your
face as if I had seen the face of God,
and am delighted. Now do take the 1 1
thanks which I have brought to you,
for God has favoured me, and
because there is plenty for me as
well." So he pressed him until he
took them.
Then he said, " I will rise up and 12
travel and we will go along together."
But he answered him, "My Lord 13
knows that the children are many,
and the sheep and the cattle with me
are breeding, so if we drive them a
single day, then all the sheep will
die. But let my Lord now go before 14
me, and I will be travelling at my
ease, according to the pace of the
guide before me, and the pace of the
children, until that I come to my
Lord, at Seir."
But Esau said, " I will then assign 15
to you some of the people who are
with me."
And he replied, "Why have I
found this favour in the eyes of my
Lord ? "
So Esau returned that day on his 16
journey to Seir, but Jacob pitched 17
his tent, and built himself a house,
and cattle yards, making an encamp-
ment ; therefore he called the name
of the place Skuth. 1
Afterwards Jacob went quietly to 18
the village of Shekhem, which is in
the land of Canan, on his return
from Padan Aram, and encamped
before the village, and bought that 19
part of the land, where he pitched his
tent, from the hand of the son of
Hamor the father of Shekhem for a
hundred kesitas. He also built an 20
Altar there and called on God, the
God of Israel.
l "The Tents," when translated from the
Hebrew.— F. F.
33
34—i
GENESIS.
35—2
^>ljchljcm*s (Outrage on Qhtah.
34 But it happened that Dinah the
daughter of Leah, whom she bore to
Jacob, went out to visit the women
2 of the country, and Shekhem, the
son of Hamor, the Chief of the country,
saw, and seized her and violated her,
3 and disgraced her. But his soul was
attached to Dinah the daughter of
Jacob, and he loved the girl, and
spoke to the girl's heart.
4 So .Shekhem spoke to Hamor his
father, saying, " Get me this girl for
a wife."
5 Jacob, however, heard that he had
defiled his daughter Dinah, but his
sons were at the fold in the fields,
so Jacob kept silence until their
6 return. Then Hamor the father of
Shekhem came to Jacob to speak
7 with him. But the sons of Jacob
returned from the field upon hearing
it, and the men were grieved, and
very angry at it, for he had done an
outrage to Israel in violating the
daughter of Jacob, — which ought not
to be done.
8 But Hamor spoke to them saying,
" My son Shekhem is attached by his
soul to your daughter, therefore give
9 her to him for a wife, and you can
give your girls to us, and we can give
ours to you, to taKe for yourselves,
io and you can dwell with us and the
land shall be before you. Reside, and
ii travel about, and possess it." Then
Shekhem said to her father and her
brothers " Let me find favour in your
eyes, and whatever you ask of me I
12 will give it. Heap upon me a great
dowry and settlement, and I will
give whatever you say to me, only
give me the girl for a wife."
13 Then the sons of Jacob answered
Shekhem and Hamor his father
craftily, "because," they said, "he
14 has corrupted our sister Dinah." So
they replied, " We are unable to do
such a thing as to give our sister to
an uncircumcised man, for that would
15 be a reproach to us. Yet if you will
agree with us, that, like us, every male
16 of you should be circumcised, then we
will give our daughters to you, and we
will take your daughters to us, and we
will reside with you, and be onepeople.
17 But if you will not listen to us, then
we will take our sister and depart."
18 And the idea was good in the eyes
19 of Shekhem the son of Hamor; — so
the youth did not delay to do the
thing, for he had an affection for the
daughter of Jacob ; and he was the
most honoured of all his father's
house. So Hamor and Shekhem his 20
son went to the gate of their village,
and addressed the men of their town
saying; "These men are peaceable 21
with us, and they travel in it, and the
country lies open to their hands before
them. We would wish to take their
daughters to us for wives, and give
our daughters to them. However 22
the men will only unite with us in this
way, to reside with us and to be one
people, by our circumcising every
male of us, as they are circumcised.
Their herds and possessions and all 23
they have — will they not be ours if
we agree with them, and they reside
with us ? "
All who sat in the gate of the village 24
listened therefore to Hamor and
Shekhem his son, and they circum-
cised every male who came to the
gate of the town. But on the third 25
day when they were in pain, Simeon
and Levi, the two sons of Jacob,
brothers of Dinah, each took his
sword, and went into the village
quietly and slew every male. They 26
also slew Hamor and his son Shek-
hem with the edge of the sword, and
took Dinah from the house of Shek-
hem, and went away. Then the 27
sons of Jacob came on the booty,
and plundered the town, which had
defiled their sister. They took the 2S
sheep, the cattle, and the asses, and
the wealth in the village and the
wealth in the field, and captured their 29
youths and little children, and wives,
and plundered all the furniture in the
houses. But Jacob said to Simeon 30
and Levi ; " You are a sorrow to
me ; — you have made me hateful to
the inhabitants of the land, to the
Cananites, and the Perizites, and I
being few in number, they will out-
number me and assail, and destroy
me and my house."
They however answered; "Ought 31
they to use our sister as a harlot ? "
God afterwards said to Jacob 35
" Arise ; go to Beth-el and reside, and
make an altar there to the God who
appeared to you in your flight from
your brother Esau."
]f;u0ir Ufotr0ti5 tljr Rjflols of his
jfamiln ana truants.
So Jacob said to his family, and all 2
who were with him; "Throw away
34
35—3
GENESIS.
36— 6
the strange Gods which are among
you, and purify yourselves, and change
3 your clothing, and let us be rising ;
and we will go to Beth-el ; and I will
there build an Altar to the God who
pitied me in the day of my distress,
and was with me in the journey that
I went."
4 They, therefore, gave to Jacob all
the strange Gods which were in their
hands, and the earrings that were in
their ears, and Jacob buried them
under the oak which was near Shek-
5 hem. Then they marched, and a
terror from God was upon their
neighbours, and they did not pursue
b after the sons of Jacob. So Jacob
came to Luz in the land of Canan
(it is Beth-el), and his people with him.
7 He also built an altar there, and
called the House of God, Beth-el,1
for there God appeared to him in his
flight from the presence of his brother.
8 But Deborah the nurse of Rebekka
died, and he buried her between
Beth-el and Alon, and called the
name of the place " The Oak of
weeping."
^Anotljr-r Qtbtnr Aporarancctoilacoo.
ano ^romtsrs.
9 God also appeared another time to
Jacob, on his return from Padan Aram,
io and spoke with him, when God said
" Your name shall no longer be called
Jacob, for Israel shall be your name ; "
ii so He called his name Israel; and
God said to him, " I am the Almighty
God. Be fruitful and multiply. A
Nation and an Assembly of Nations
shall come from you, and Kings shall
12 proceed from your loins; and the
land which I gave to Abraham and
Isaac, I will give to you, and the same
land I will give to you and your race
13 after you." Then the Divine Messen-
ger went up from him from the place
14 where he spoke with him. So Jacob
erected a pillar at the place where he
had spoken with him, — a pillar of
stone, and poured a libation upon it,
15 and poured oil upon it. Jacob also
called the name of that place where
God spoke with him God's House.-
16 He afterwards marched from there,
and had gone some distance into the
country towards Ephrathah, when
Rachel was taken in labour, and the
17 childing went hard with her ; but
when she was delivered with hard
1 " God's-house.'
2 Beth-el.
labour, the midwives said to her, " Be
not down-hearted, for this child is a
son." But she breathing out her 18
life — for she was dying — named him
Son-of-my-Anguish,1 but his father
called him Benjamin.- So Rachel 19
died, and they buried her at Ephra-
thah, which is near Bethlehem, and 20
Jacob erected a pillar over her tomb.-
Then Israel marched from there, 21
and pitched his tent at the encamp-
ment of Migdal-Adar. And it was 22
whilst Israel resided in that country,
that Reuben went and committed
adultery with Bilah his father's
second wife, — and Israel heard of it.
UcaistrrG of Jacob's ^oug.
These are the twelve sons of Jacob : 23
The first born by Leah to Jacob,
Reuben ; then Simeon ; then Levi ;
then Judah ; and Issackar ; then
Zebulon.
The sons of Rachel Joseph and 24
Benjamin. And the sons of Bilah
the servant of Rachel ; Dan and 25
Naphthali : And the sons of Zilpha, 26
the servant of Leah, Gad and Asher ;
these are the sons of Jacob, who were
born to him in Padan-Aram.
Jacob afterwards went to his father 27
Isaac, at Mamra, near Kiriath Arba,4
where Abraham and Isaac dwelt. And 28
the days of Isaac were a hundred and
eighty years. Then Isaac expired, and 29
died, and was added to his people, old
and satisfied with years, and Esau and
Jacob his sons buried him.
lijhtorn of (Psau conthutca.
Now these are the descendants of 36
• Esau, who is Edom : —
Esau took wives from the women of 2
. Canan ; Ada the daughter of Ailon
! the Hitite ; and Ahlibamah, the
I daughter of Zibaon the Hivite ; and 3
j Bashmath the daughter of Ishmael,
the sister of Benaioth.
And Ada bore to Esau Ailifaz, and 4
Bashmath bore Rauel ; and Ahlibamah 5
bore Jaish and Jamal, and Korah ; —
these are the sons of Esau, which
they bore to him in the land of Canan.
Esau afterwards took his wives, and 6
his sons and daughters, and all the
persons of his house, and the flocks,
and all his cattle, and all property
l Ben-omi. '' Son of my right hand.
3 " This pillar at Rachel's grave still exists. '
Editorial note by an Old Hebrew editor.— F. F.
4 "The sameasHebron," is also an ancient
explanatory note. — F. F.
55
D 2
36-7
GENESIS.
36—42
which he had acquired in the land of
Canan, and left the land from the face
7 of his brother Jacob, for their posses-
sions were too great to remain
together, for the land was not able
to lodge the both of them, because of
8 their herds. So Esau remained in
9 Mount Seir. (Esau is Edom. — Esau
was the father of the Edomites in
Mount Seir.)
10 These are the names of the sons of
Edom :
Ailifaz the son of Ada, the wife of
Esau ; Rauel the son of Bashmath
wife of Esau ;
1 1 And these are the sons of Ailifaz ;
Omar, Tzifo, and Nathan, and Kenez ;
12 and Thimna was secondary wife to
Ailifaz, the son of Esau, and she bore
to Ailifaz Amalek ; — these are the sons
of Ada the wife of Esau.
13 And these are the sons of Rauel ;
Nahath, and Zarath, Shama, and
Mizah ; these were the sons of
Bashmath, wife of Esau.
14 And these are the sons of Ahli-
bamah, the daughter of Anah, the
daughter of Tzibaon, wife of Esau,
which she bore to Esau: — Jaish; and
Jalam ; and Korah.
15 These were the chiefs from the
sons of Esau and of the sons of
Ailifaz, the eldest of Esau : —
Chief Thamar ; Chief Omar ; Chief
16 Tzifo ; Chief Kenez ; Chief Korah ;
Chief Nathan; Chief Amalek: —
These were the Chieftains of Ailifaz,
in the land of Edom. They were
the sons of Ada.
17 And these were the sons of Rauel,
the son of Esau : —
18 Chief Nahath; Chief Zerah; Chief
Shama ; Chief Mizah ; — These were
Chieftains of Rauel in the land of
Edom. They were sons of Bashmath
19 the wife of Esau. These were sons
of Esau, and were Chieftains in the
land of Edom.
20 These are the sons of Seir (the
Horites who inhabited the country)
Lotan and Shubal, and Zilaon, and
21 Anah; and Dishon and Azar, and
Dishan. These were Chieftains of
the Horites sons of Seir, in the land
of Edom.
22 And these were the sons of Lotan,
Hori and Himam ; and the sister of
Lotan was Thimna.
23 And these are the sons of Shobal ; —
Alwan, and Manahath, and Aibal,
Shefa, and Annam.
24 And these are the sons of Zibaon ; —
Aiah and Anah (he is the Anah who
discovered mules in the desert while
attending the asses of Zebaun his
father).
These are the children of Anah ; 25
Dishon, and Ahlibama, daughter of
Anah.
And these are the sons of Dishon ; — 26
Hamedan ; and Ashban, and Ithran
and Keran.
These are the sons of Azan, Bilk- 27
han, and Zavan, and Akan ;
These are the sons of Dishan, Aur, 28
and Aran.
These are the Chiefs of the Horites : 29
—Chief Lotan ; Chief Shubal ; Chief
Zibaon ; Chief Anah ; Chief Dishon ;
Chief Azer ; Chief Dishan ; — These
were Chiefs of the Horites, as Chief-
tains in the land of Seir.1
And these are the names of the 40
Chieftains of Esau by their families,
with their Tribal names. ■ Chief
Thimnah ; Chief Alva ; Chief Ithath ;
Chief Alibamah ; Chief Alah ; Chief 41
Pinan ; Chief Kana ; Chief Theman ; 42
Chief Mibzar; Chief Magdiel ; Chief
1 Note. — The verses Ch. xxxvi., 31 — 39, are
not a part of the text of Moses, but a note of
an ancient editor. From internal evidence I
conclude he was Ezra, who edited the Penta-
teuch after the return from Babylon, as the
: number of Kings named show ten generations
of Monarchy, which the context indicates
! came after the Tribal Government under
I Chiefs, and as the Kings were clearly elective,
the certainty of long wars between each
election would extend the time too much for
the Tribal Commonwealth and the succeeding
Monarchical period to be contained in the
epoch between the death of Esau and the
conquests of Moses east of the river Jordan,
during which he wrote Genesis.
"And these are the kings which reigned 31
in the land of Edom (before a king reigned
over the sons of Israel). There reigned in 32
Edom Bela, the son of Baur, and the name
of his city was Dinahba. And Bela died 33
and Jobab the son of Zerakh reigned
instead of him in Bozrah. And Jobab 34
died and Hasham reigned instead of him
from the land of the Thimani. And when 35
Hasham died, Hadad the son of Bedad
reigned instead of him, in Makah of
Midian, in the land of Moab, and the
name of his city was Avith. And Hadad 36
died, and Shamlah, from Masrakah,
reigned instead of him. And when 37
Shamlah died, Shaul from Rakoboth on
the river reigned in his stead. And Shaul 38
died, and Bal the Mercyful, the son of
Akkor, reigned instead of him. And Bal 39
the Mercyful, the son of Akkor died, and
Hader reigned in his stead, and the name
of his city was Pau, and the name of his
wife Mahitabel, the daughter of Matrod,
the daughter of Mizah ab." — F. F,
30
37
GENESIS.
37—29
Airam ; — These were Chieftains of
Edom, with the names of the districts
they possessed. Esau himself was the
father of the people of Edom.
(rottt minute c of the %isiorn of Jlarofr
anir of 3o5£plj.
37 Jacob continued to reside in the
land of his father's foreignhood — in
the land of Canan.
2 These are the progeny of Jacob.
Joseph a lad of seventeen years was
attending to the sheep with his
brothers, the young men who were
sons of Bilah and sons of Zilfa two
of his father's wives. And Joseph
reported their bad conduct to their
3 father. Israel, also, loved Joseph
more than all his children, because
he was the son of his old age, so he
made him a robe with long sleeves.
4 And his brothers saw that their father
loved him more than all his brothers,
so they hated him, and would not let
5 him be in peace. Joseph, however,
dreamed a dream, and told it to his
brothers, and they hated him the
6 more for it; for he said, "Listen
now to the dream that I dreamed :
7 We were binding sheaves in the
middle of a field, when my sheaf
arose, and stood up, and your sheaves
turned, and bowed to my sheaf."
8 But they replied to their brother ;
" Reigning, would you reign, and
ruling would you rule over us ? " So
they hated him the more, because of
his dream, and his talk.
g Then he dreamed another dream,
and related it to his brothers, and
said," I have dreamed another dream,
when the sun and the moon and eleven
stars came and did homage to me."
io He told it to his father and to his
brothers, and his father reproved him,
and said, " What is this dream which
you have dreamed ? Shall I and
your mother, and your brothers,
come and bow down to the ground to
ii you ? " So his brothers envied him ;
but his father remembered the event.
12 His brothers afterwards went to
pasture their father's sheep in
13 Shekhem, and Israel said to Joseph,
" Are not your brothers feeding the
sheep in Shekhem ? Go ! I will send
you to them."
And he replied, "I am ready."
14 Then he continued ; " Go, then, and
see how your brothers are, and how
the sheep are, and bring me word."
They had gone, however, from the
vale of Hebron, and removed to
Shekhem.
And a man met him while search-
ing the field, and asked him, " What
are you seeking ? " WThen he answered,
" I am seeking my brothers. Tell
me where I can find them ? "
So the man responded, " They
have marched from here, for I heard
them say ' Let us go to the Two
Wells.' " Joseph consequently went
after his brothers and found them at
the Two Wells. When they saw him
in the distance, and before he ap-
proached them, they determined to
murder him ; and each said to his
brother, " Here is My Lord the
Dreamer ! There he comes ! So
now let us go and murder him, and
fling him into one of these wells and
we will say a wild beast caught him, —
then we shall see what will come of
his dreams ! "
But Reuben heard it, and wished
to deliver him from their hand, so he
said, " Let us not destroy his life."
Reuben also said to them, "Let us
not shed his blood. Let us fling him
into this dry well," for he was
desirous that they should not stab
him, so that he might rescue him
from their hands to return him to his
father.
Therefore when Joseph was come
to his brothers, they stripped the
robe from Joseph ; — the long-sleeved
robe which was on him, — and took
him and flung him into the empty
well, with no water in it. Then
they turned to eat bread. But looking
up, they saw at a distance Ishmaelites
coming from Gilad with their camels
loaded with spices, and nuts and
balm, who were going down to
Mitzeraim.1
Then Judah said to his brothers,
" What profit is it to us to murder
our brother and dabble ourselves in
his blood ? Come on ! Let us sell
him to these Ishmaelites, and that
guilt will not be upon us ; for he is
our brother, and our own flesh : " so
they listened to their brother. Mean-
time those Midianite merchants came
on, and approached ; so they pulled
up Joseph from out of the well, and
sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites, for
twenty shekels. Thus Joseph was
taken down to Mitzeraim ; therefore
17
26
27
29
Egypt.
37
37-3o
GENESIS.
38—24
when Reuben returned to the well he
did not find Joseph in the well, so he
30 tore his garments. When he went
back to his brothers he said; — "The
lad is not! and mourning, I shall
grieve, and die of grief."
3 1 They , however , took and slaughtered
a goat kid and dabbled his robe in its
32 blood, and sent the long-sleeved
robe to their father with this mes-
sage, " About this robe which we
send you, send back and say if it is the
23 robe of your son or no?" And he
replied, " It is the robe of my son.
Some wild beast has torn and eaten
34 my son." Jacob consequently tore
his garments, and put on sackcloth
for his death, and mourned for his
son many days.
35 Then all his sons and all his
daughters arose to console him, but
he refused their consolations, and
said, " I know that I shall go mourn-
ing for my son to the grave ; " so he
wept for his son.
36 But the Midianites sold him in
Mitzeraim to Potiphar, the General of
Pharoh, Commander of his Guards.
Htshrru oi ihibalj.
38 About this same time Judah went
and separated from his brothers, and
joined with an Adulamite, whose
2 name was Hirah. Whilst there he
saw the daughter of a Cananite,
whose name was Beth-Shua and he
~-3 took her and married her, and she
4 conceived and bore a son, and called
5 his name Ar. Then she conceived
again and bore a son, and called his
name Onan. She afterwards in-
creased and bore a son and called
his name Shelah ; then she ceased to
be child-bearing.
6 When Judah took a wife for his
eldest son Ar, her name was Thamar.
7 But Ar, Judah's eldest son, was
wicked in the presence of the Ever-
living, so the Lord caused him to
S die. Judah consequently said to
Onan. " Marry the wife of your
brother, and raise up an heir for
9 your brother." But Onan knew that
the heir would not be his own, there-
fore when he approached his brother's
wife, he ejected on the ground, in-
stead of giving seed to his brother.
10 What he did was, however, wicked
in the eyes of the Ever-living, and
therefore He caused him to die.
11 Then Judah said to Thamar " Re-
turn as a widow to your father's
house until Shelah my son grows
up," for he reflected "Perhaps she
may also kill him like his brothers."
Therefore Thamar went and returned
to her father's house.
But time went on, and Beth-Shua 12
the wife of Judah died and Judah
grieved for her, and went up with
Hirah the Adulamite, his partner,
to shear the sheep at Timnath ; and 13
it was reported to Thamar, that her
father-in-law was going up to Tim-
nath to shear his sheep, so she put 14
off her widow's weeds and concealed
herself in her veil, and went down and
sat at the opening by the wells which
are on the road to Timnath , for she saw
that Shelah was grown up, and he
was not given to her as a husband :
Judah saw her, and he thought she 15
was a harlot, for she had hidden her
face, so he turned from the road to 16
her, and said, " Come on, go with
me; " — for he knew not she was his
daughter-in-law.
Then she asked, " What will you
give to me, if I go with you ? "
Then he replied — " I will send you 17
a kid of the goats or sheep."
And she replied — " If you will give
me a pledge that you will send
them ? "
He replied, "What is the pledge 18
that I shall give you ? "
And she answered "Your ring and
the stick you have in your hand."
So he gave her them, and he went
with her, and she conceived to him.
Then she arose, and went and put 19
the veil from off her, and dressed
herself in her widow's weeds. But 20
Judah sent the kid of the goats by
the hand of his partner the Adulam-
ite, who was to receive the pledge
from the hand of the woman ; — and he
could not find her. He therefore 21
enquired of the men of the place
asking, "Where is the whore of the
wells by the road?" But they
replied, "There is no whore by
there." So he returned to Judah 22
and reported, "I cannot find her; —
and the men of the place said ' there
was not a whore there.' "
Judah, therefore, said ; " You have 23
taken it to her, therefore I cannot be
abused by her; for I sent the kid, but
you could not find her."
But three months after it was 24
reported to Judah " Your daughter-
in-law Thamar has prostituted her-
self, and she is also with child from
3*
38-25
GENESIS.
39—22
her fornication;" and Judah re-
plied, " Bring her here and burn her."
25 They brought her when she pro-
duced the ring and walking stick; — and
said, " By the man that these belong
to I am with child ; " and she con-
tinued, " To whom belongs this ring
and its motto, and this walking stick? "
26 Then Judah replied and said, " You
are more virtuous than I ; for I did
not give you Shelah my son." He
therefore proceeded no further to
examine her.
27 When, however, the time for her
delivery came, there were twins in her
28 belly, and it happened in her child-
ing one put out his hand, so the
midwife took it, and tied a scarlet
thread upon its hand, remarking,
29 "This came the first." But it
occurred that he drew back the
hand, and then his brother was pro-
duced, when she said, "What?
Have you broken ? The breach be
upon yourself : " therefore she called
30 his name Pherez ; * and afterwards
his brother was born, upon whose
hand was the scarlet thread ; so she
called his name Zarah.-
Hjistoni of jlosrulr rntttinucu.
39 Thus Joseph had been taken down
to Mitzer,3 and sold to Potiphar,
Pharoh's General, Commander of
the Guards, a Mitzerite, from the
hands of the Ishmaelites who had
2 brought him there. But the Ever-
living was with Joseph, and he
became a prosperous man, and was
steward to his master, the Mitzerite,
3 for his master saw that the Ever-
living was with him, and that all he
did the Lord prospered it in his
4 hand. Joseph therefore found favour
in his eyes, for he was honest towards
him, consequently he appointed him
chief of his house, and entrusted all
5 his possessions to his control ; with
the result that from when he was
appointed over the house and over
all that belonged to him, the Ever-
living blessed the house of the
Mitzerite under the administration
of Joseph, and he was blessed by the
Ever-living in all his possessions,
6 in the house and in the field, so that
all he had increased under the direc-
tion of Joseph ; consequently he
made no enquiry what he had, except
for the bread which he ate. Joseph
1 Breaker.
Sunrise.
Egypt.
was also handsome in form, and
handsome in face.
It happened, however, after these 7
events, that the wife of his master
lifted up her eyes to Joseph, and
said, "Lie with me!" But he 8
refused, and said to his master's wife ;
" My master knows not what is in
his house, and all that he possesses
he has placed in my control. There 9
is not a greater than I in this house,
and he has withheld nothing from
me, except yourself, because you are
his wife. Therefore I will not com-
mit that great sin, and outrage,
against GOD."
However she solicited Joseph day 10
after day, but he would not listen to
her to lie beside her, or be with her.
But it happened that one day when 1 1
he came to her apartment with a
message for her, and there were none
of the attendants of the house there
in the apartment, that she seized him 12
by his wrapper, saying " Lie with
me," but he let his wrapper slip off
in her hand, and fled away naked.
So when she saw that he had left 13
his wrapper in her hand, and had
fled naked, she cried out to the atten- 14
dants of her house and said to them,
" Look! he has brought this foreign
fellow to us to insult us ! He came
to me to violate me ; — but I shrieked
out; and when he heard that I raised 15
my voice and shrieked, then he left
his wrapper beside me and fled
naked!" She also laid by the 16
wrapper with her till her lord came
home., when she spoke to him about 17
all this matter, saying, " There came
to me the Hebrew slave whom you
brought to us, to insult me, but when 18
I raised my voice to cry out, he
abandoned his wrapper near me and
fled away naked."
And when his master heard the 19
tale of his wife, which she told him,
asserting, " Your servant acted to-
wards me according to my state-
ments," he was fired with anger;
therefore Joseph's master took and 20
put him into the tower-house, the
place where the prisoners of the king
were imprisoned, and he was confined
in the tower-house. But the Ever- 21
living was with Joseph, and gave
him mercy, and gave him favour in the
eyes of the commander of the tower-
house, so that the commander of the 22
tower-house placed in Joseph's hands
the whole of the prisoners who were in
39
39-23
GENESIS.
41— S
the tower-house, and all that was
23 done there he directed it. The com-
mander of the tower did not super-
intend anything, the whole was in
his hands, because the EVER-LIVING
was with him, and what he did the
Lord prospered it.
40 But it occurred after these events,
that the butler of the king of the
Mitzeraim offended, and the king of
2 the Mitzeraim, his master, was angry.
And Pharoh was enraged with two of
3 his officers, with the chief of the
butlers, and with the chief of the cooks,
and he ordered them to be confined in
the house of the Commander of the
4 Guards — in the tower-house, — the
place where Joseph was also impri-
soned. The Commander of the Guards
consequently remitted them to Joseph,
and he kept them, and they were
many days under restraint.
5 But they dreamed, both of them, a
dream ; each dream in the same
night ; each dream had a separate
appearance, to the butler and to the
cook whom the king of the Mitzeraim
had imprisoned in the tower-house.
6 When Joseph came to them in the
morning, he saw their pining gloom,
7 so he asked the officers of Pharoh
who were in his custody in the house
of his master, " Why are your faces
sad and sorrowful to-day ? "
S And they replied, " We have
dreamed dreams, and we have not
an interpreter."
But Joseph answered, " Is not God
the interpreter of dreams ? Tell to
me now."
9 The chief butler therefore told his
dream to Joseph and said to him ;
"In my dream I saw a vine before
10 me, and on the vine three branches,
and the berries grew on them, and
1 1 the clusters of grapes were ripe, and
Pharoh's cup was in my hand ; so I
took the grapes and crushed them
into the cup of Pharoh, and put the
cup into the hand of Pharoh."
12 Joseph then said to him, "This is the
interpretation. The three branches
13 are three days : after three days
hence Pharoh will raise your head,
and restore you to your station, and
you will give Pharoh's cup to his
hand, as was appointed formerly,
14 when you were his butler. — Then
remember me, because I was kind to
you. Do me therefore a kindness,
and remind Pharoh of me, and cause
him to bring me out of this house,
for by treachery I was dragged from
the country of the Hebrews, and also
here I have done no crime that should
put me in a dungeon."
When the chief baker saw that the
interpretation was good, he also said
to Joseph : " I have dreamed as well ;
and there were three baskets filled
on my head, and in the highest
basket of all victuals for Pharoh,
ready baked, but the birds ate them
from the basket, from off my head."
Then Joseph answered and said,
"This is the interpretation. The
three baskets are three days. Three
days from hence Pharoh will take
your head from off you, and will hang
you on a gallows, and the birds shall
eat your flesh from off you."
It happened that three days after
was Pharoh's birthday, and he made
a feast for all his officers, and raised
the head of the chief of the butlers,
and the head of the chief of the bakers
among his officers, and restored the
chief of the butlers to his butlership,
and he gave the cup to the hand of
Pharoh ; but he hung the chief of the
bakers, as Joseph had interpreted the
dream. The chief of the butlers, how-
ever, did not remember Joseph, but
forgot him.
Some time after it occurred that
Pharoh dreamed, and seemed stand-
ing by the river, and saw seven cows
come up from the river, beautiful to
see, and full fleshed, and they fed
upon the rushes. Then he saw seven
other cows come up after them from
the river, poor to look upon and lean
in flesh ; and they approached the
cows on the bank of the river, and
the cows that were poor to look upon
and lean in flesh, ate up the seven
beautiful looking and fat cows. — Then
Pharoh awoke.
He slept again, and dreamed ; and
saw seven ears of corn spring up
from one stalk very beautiful and good .
He saw also seven ears of corn spring
up after them withered and blighted
by the east wind ; and the seven
withered ears of corn swallowed the
seven beautiful and good ears. Then
Pharoh awoke ; — and it was a dream.
When morning came his spirit was
oppressed ; so he sent and summoned
all the writers of Mitzeraim, and all
her scientists, and Pharoh related
his dreams to them. But there was
not an interpreter among them for
Pharoh.
17
41
4°
41-g
GENESIS.
41-44
ij Then the chief of the butlers spoke
to Pharoh, saying, " I remember my
10 offence of the day when Pharoh was
angry with his servant, and put me into
custody in the house of the General
of the Guard, and the chief of the
1 1 bakers was with me, and we dreamed
a dream in the same night, I and
he ; each according to the form of the
12 dream we had dreamed. But there
was with us a Hebrew youth, a slave
of the General of the Guard, and we
related them to him, and he inter-
preted to us our dreams. He inter-
13 preted to each his own dream : And
it happened to us exactly as he
interpreted to us our dream."
14 Pharoh, therefore, sent and sum-
moned Joseph, and they took him
from the dungeon, and shaved him
and changed his clothes, and brought
him to Pharoh.
15 Then Pharoh told Joseph the
dream he had dreamed, and that
none could interpret it to him ; " but
I have heard a report about you, that
you heard a dream and interpreted it. "
16 Joseph, accordingly answered to
Pharoh, saying, " May God return an
answer of peace to Pharoh."
17 So Pharoh related his dream to
Joseph : " I stood by the bank of the
18 river, and saw come up from the river
seven cows, full fleshed and beautiful
to see, and they pastured on the
13 rushes. Then I saw seven other cows
come up after them miserable and
very bad to look at, and lean in flesh.
I never saw such wretched things in
all the land of the Mitzeraim, they
20 were so bad. But the lean and
wretched cows ate up the seven former
beautiful cows, and they came and
approached me, and yet I noticed as
they came and drew near, and could
observe they were as poor as before.
Then I awoke.
21 " Again I was in a dream and saw
seven ears of corn spring from one
22 stalk, each full and good. Then I
saw seven ears blasted, poor, and
withered by the east wind follow
them ; and the poor ears swallowed
24 the seven good ears ; and I told it to
the writers and they cannot inform
me about it."
25 Then Joseph replied to Pharoh,
"The dream of Pharoh is unique.
What God has determined to do, He
26 has related to Pharoh. The seven
good cows are seven years ; and the
seven good ears of corn are seven
years, — these dreams are unique. And 27
the seven lean and poor cows that
came up after them, are seven years ;
and the seven poor eafs of corn,
blasted by the east wind, they are
seven years of famine. This event 28
which I have stated to Pharoh God
has made known to Pharoh. The 29
seven years before us will be great
years in all the land of the Mitzeraim ;
but they will be followed by seven 30
years of famine afterwards, and those
seven shall be forgotten in the land
of the Mitzeraim, for the famine shall
desolate the land. For those seven 31
shall not be recognized in the land
before the presence of the famine
that will follow them ; — for it will be
very heavy. As for the double dream
granted to Pharoh, that confirms the
event from God, — and God will hasten
to effect it. Therefore let Pharoh
seek out a man, firm and skilful, and
set him over the Mitzerites, and let
Pharoh act, and appoint officers over
the land, and take a fifth part pro-
duced by the land of the Mitzerites
in the first seven years of the sevens,
and store up all that food in the seven
good years that are coming, and
store up corn under the hand of
Pharoh for food in cities and fortresses,
so that there may be food to support
the land in the seven years of famine
which will be in the land of the
Mitzerites, so that the country may
not be cut off by the famine."
And this advice was good in the
eyes of Pharoh, and in the eyes of
his ministers. Therefore Pharoh
commanded his ministers to select
some man with the spirit of God in
him. Then afterwards Pharoh said
to Joseph, " I have perceived that
GOD is with you in all this, and there
is certainly no intelligence like yours,
therefore you shall be over my house, 40
and by your mouth all my affairs
shall be regulated ; only in the throne
will I be greater than you." Pharoh 41
also said to Joseph, " See, I appoint
you over all the land of the Mitzerites."
Then Pharoh took his ring from 42
his hand, and put it upon the hand of
Joseph, and clothed him in a white
robe, and put a golden chain on his
neck, and mounted him in a hooded 43
chariot of his own, and they pro-
claimed before him the appointment
given to him over all the land of
the Mitzerites. Pharoh also said to 44
Joseph, " I am Pharoh! — but without
3'*
41
41-45
GENESIS.
42-17
your order no man shall move his hand
or foot in all the land of the Mitzerites."
45 Pharoh consequently called the
office of Joseph "The High Treasurer-
ship," and gave him Aseneth the
daughter of Poti-Phara, priest of On,
for a wife.
il0GcuI} Ijrts (fnnpt mvbejiti} ana
stores up (Tarn.
Joseph at once made a survey of
the whole land of the Mitzerites.
46 Joseph was thirty years old on his
appearance before Pharoh king of
the Mitzerites, and Joseph went from
the presence of Pharoh and organized
-17 all the land of Mitzer. The earth
also produced big loads in the seven
48 years of the sevens, and he collected
much provision in the seven years,
in the land of Mitzer, and stored up
the provision. For every town he
stored up provision from the fields
49 around it. Joseph consequently
stored corn like the sand of the sea
for quantity ; the amount was so great
that they ceased to measure it,
because it was immeasurable.
50 Joseph also had two sons born to
him before the years of the famine
came. Aseneth the daughter of
Poti-Phara the priest of On bore
51 them, and Joseph called the name of
the eldest Manasseh,1 " For God has
made me forget all my troubles, and
52 all my father's house." But he called
the name of the other Ephraim,2
" For God has enriched me in the
land of my wrongs."
53 Then the seven years of the sevens
which were to be in the land of the
54 Mitzeraim came to an end ; and at
their end the seven years of famine
began, according to the declaration of
Joseph ; and the famine was upon all
the lands, but in the land of the Mitzer-
55 aim there was bread. At last the whole
country of the Mitzerites hungered,
and the people called upon Pharoh
for bread, but Pharoh replied to all
the Mitzerites, "Go to Joseph, who
56 will tell you what to do." And as the
famine was over the whole surface of
the country, Joseph opened the stores
which he had by him, and distributed
to the Mitzerites. Although the
famine raged in the land of the Mit-
57 zeraim, yet all the countries came to
the M i tzeraim to buy corn from J oseph ,
for the famine raged over all the
countries round.
Forgotten.
1 Fruitful.
ilosculj's iGrotljevG arc sent to (Fjjypt
to iruu davit, ant) tcrrtftcii tm
being railed ^ptcs.
Jacob also learnt there was corn in 42
Mitzeraim, so Jacob said to his sons,
" Why do you look at each other ? ''
He also said, " I have heard that there 2
is corn in Mitzeraim. Descend to
there and buy for us from it, that we
may live and not die."
Therefore ten brothers of Joseph 3
went down to buy corn from the Mit-
zeraim. But Jacob did not send 4
Benjamin the own brother of Joseph
with his other brothers, for he said, "I
fear an injury might happen to him . "
Thus the sons of Israel went down 5
to buy corn, together with other
travellers, for there was a famine in
the land of Canan.
Joseph was then Protector over all 6
the country, to distribute to all the
people of the land, and Joseph's
brothers came and bowed to him,
face to the ground. When Joseph 7
saw them he scrutinized and recog-
nized them, but spoke to them
harshly, and asked, "From what
country do you come ? "
They replied, " From the land of
Canan, to buy food."
Although Joseph recognized his 8
brothers they did not recognize him, —
but Joseph remembered the dream 9
which he dreamed to himself, and
said to them, "You are spies ; come
to survey the nakedness of the land."
But they replied to him, " No, my 10
lord, but your slaves have come to
buy food ; and all of us are sons of 1 1
one man ; — we are honest men ; — we
are not spies."
However he replied, "No! but you 12
are come to see the nakedness of the
country."
They then answered, "Your slaves 13
were twelve brothers. We are the
sons of one man in the land of Canan.
The youngest is at home to-day, and
one is not."
But Joseph returned, " That is just 14
what I said to you, when I said you
are spies. By this I will prove you. 15
By the life of Pharoh ! you shall not
go from here until you have brought
your youngest brother here ! Send 16
one of yourselves to take your brother,
and return ; then you will prove your
words true about him, and if not, by
the life of Pharoh, you are spies!"
And he further ordered them to be 17
42
GENESIS.
43 to
33
imprisoned three days. But after
the third day Joseph said to them,
" Do this and live ; — forlfearGOD. I
will select one of you brothers, whom
I will put into confinement instead of
you ; and you others take corn for
your starving families. But you must
bring your younger brother to me,
and verify your statement, and live
and not die." And they did so.
But each said to his brother : " We
suffer for our sins against our brother,
because we saw the anguish of his
soul imploring us to have pity on him,
and we would not listen. Therefore
this distress has come upon us."
Then Reuben answered them, and
said, " Did I not speak to you and
say, ' Let us not sin against the lad,'
and you would not listen to me ?
And now his blood is sought for! "
And they did not know that Joseph
understood them, for he used an
interpreter with them. But he with-
drew from them and wept. Then he
returned to them and spoke, and
selected Simeon from them and
fettered him before their eyes.
Joseph afterwards commanded
and their waggons were loaded with
corn ; but he caused their money to
be returned into the load of each.
Then he gave them leave to go, — and
showed politeness to them. They
also loaded corn upon their asses,
and set out. But one of them opened
a sack of his, to give fodder to his ass
in the inn, and saw his money, which
was placed openly in its mouth.
Then he said to his brothers, " He has
caused my money to be returned, and
here it is in my bag ; " and their hearts
stopped ; and they trembled each at
his brother, exclaiming; " What is
this that God has done to us ? "
They went, however, to Jacob in the
land of Canan and reported to him all
these proceedings, saying, " The man
who is master of the country spoke to
us harshly, and took us for spies upon
the land. But we said to him, ' We
are honest, and are not spies ; we
are twelve brothers, sons of our
father — one is not, and the youngest
is now with our father in the land of
Canan.' But the man, who is master
of the country, said ' By this I will
discover if you are honest; I will
select one of your brothers to remain
with me ; but take for your starving
families, and go. But you shall bring
me your youngest brother, that I may
be convinced you are not spies, when
I will return the brother I have
selected from you, and you may trade
in the country.' "
When, however, they were empty- 35
ing their loads, then each found his
money in his cargo, and they were in
fear at the finding of the money ;
both they and their father were
afraid, and Jacob their father said 36
to them, " I am bereaved ! Joseph
is not, and Simeon is not, and you
would take from me all there are ! "
Then Reuben replied to his father, 37
saying, " Kill my two sons, if I do
not bring them back to you ! — I now
place them in your hands as a pledge
that I will them return to you ! "
But he answered, " My son shall 38
not go down with you, for his brother
is dead, and he alone remains, and
an accident might happen to him in
the journey that you are going : — and
you would bring down my grey hairs
with sorrow to the grave."
But the famine oppressed the 43
country, and it arrived that when all 2
the food they had bought from the
Mitzeraim ended, that their father
said to them, " Return, and buy us a
little food."
When Judah replied to him saying, 3
" The man swore to us, asseverating,
1 You shall never see my face, unless
your brother is with you.' If you are 4
wise enough to send our brother
with us, we will return and buy food
for you to eat. But if you will not 5
send, we will not go down ; for the
man said to us, ' You shall not see my
face unless your brother is with you.' "
Israel, however, answered, " Why 6
did you wrong me by telling the man
that there was another brother to
you ? "
And they responded, "The man 7
demanded of us about our birth-place,
asking, 'Have you a father living?
Have you a brother ? ' and we told
him straightforwardly about those
things. How could we know he
would say ' Bring your brother down
with you' ? "
Then Judah exclaimed to Israel, S
" Send the lad with me, and I will
come up, and return him alive : and
if not kill me, myself, as well as my
children ! I pledge myself for him ! 9
From my hand seek him if I do not
bring him back to you ! then banish
me from your face, for I shall have
sinned against you all my days. If 10
43
43—n
GENESIS.
44-5
you had not hesitated, we should
already have returned before now."
ii Therefore Israel their father said
to him, " If it must be, do this ; take
some of the productions of this
country in your waggons, and go
down to the man with a present ; —
some balsam, and honey, perfumes,
12 and myrrh, nuts and almonds. Also
take double money in your hands, and
the money that was returned in the
mouth of your bags, return with your
13 own hands to him again. Take your
brother also, and arise, go back to
14 the man, and may the Almighty God
give you mercy before the man, and
send your brother back with Benj amin .
For if I am to be bereaved, I shall
be bereaved."
Jlnscuh's iGrothriV ^ccottu ilmtrnrn
tn Of rjnrjt : anu then Qhtr iuttlj him.
15 Consequently the men took the
present, and took double money in
their hands and Benjamin, and arose
and went to Mitzeraim and appeared
16 before Joseph. And Joseph saw
Benjamin with them, and said to the
chief of his house, " Invite those men
to my house, and prepare a dinner, for
those men shall eat with me at noon."
17 The man therefore did as Joseph
ordered, and he brought the men to
18 Joseph's house. But the men were
afraid at being brought to Joseph's
house, and said "It is on account of
the money which was returned to our
bags last time that we are brought,
to have an excuse against us, and to
fall upon us and to take us for his
19 slaves, with our asses." Therefore
they approached the steward of
Joseph's house, and spoke with him
20 in the verandah of the house, and
said, " By the Ever-living we came
down for the purpose of buying food ;
21 but when we returned to the inn and
opened our bags, there was our
money in the mouth of our bags, in
full amount. But we have returned
22 with it in our hands. We have also
brought other money with us to buy
food. We knew not that our money
was there in our loads."
23 But he answered, " Be quiet, and
fear nothing. Your GOD and the God
of your father has given you that
money secretly into your loads. Come
with me." Then he brought Simeon
24 to them. The man, the steward of
Joseph's house, also went out and
ordered water, and they washed their
feet. Then he ordered fodder for
their asses. They then prepared the 25
present against Joseph's arrival at
noon ; for they heard they were to
dine with him. When Joseph came 26
to the apartment, they presented him
the present which they had brought
from home, and bowed to the ground
before him.
Then he asked them about their 27
health, and said, " Is your father
well ? — the old man you told me of ?
Is he alive yet ? "
And they replied, " Your slaves are 28
well, and our father is yet alive," and
bent and bowed. But he raised his 29
eyes and saw Benjamin his brother,
the son of his mother, and asked ; " Is
this your youngest brother, of whom
you spoke to me ? " Then he added, —
" GOD show you mercy, my son."
Then Joseph hastened, for his 30
affection burned for his brother, and
he sought to weep, so he went into
his chamber and wept there. But 31
afterwards he washed his face and
came again, and restrained himself,
and ordered dinner to be served.
They therefore served it for him, 32
by himself; and to them apart, by
themselves; for the Mitzerites dined
by themselves ; for the Mitzerites are
not allowed to eat food with foreigners:
for that is disgusting to the Mitzerites.
But they placed in his presence the ^^
eldest, according to his age, and
youngest according to his youth, and
arranged the men each by his relative,
and they took dishes from before 34
him to offer to them : but they offered
to Benjamin more dishes than to any
of the rest, presenting five, which
they presented and left with him.
Itfsrph uiarohcrs ^i)rmsclf to his
iLh-otljcro.
Afterwards he commanded his 44
steward, saying; "Fill the loads of
these men with food as much as they
are able to carry, and put the money
of each on the top of the carts ; and 2
my cup, the cup of silver, place at
j "the top of the load of the youngest,
J with the money for his corn." So
j they did as Joseph ordered.
At morning-light the men went off 3
t with their asses. When they had 4
gone not far from the city, Joseph
1 said to his steward, " Mount and
J follow those men ; secure them, and
1 say to them, ' Why have you returned
evil for good ? Where is that my lord 5
44
44-6
GENESIS.
45
13
14
16
17
drinks from ? He is very sharp-sighted.
He saw what you were doing ! '"
So he pursued, and said this to them.
But they replied ; " Why has my
lord spoken these words accusing
your servants of having done such a
thing ? You know we returned to you
from the land of Canan the money
which we found in the top of our loads.
We have not stolen silver or gold from
the house of your lord. If it is found
with any of your servants, kill him, and
we also will be slaves to my lord."
And he replied, " It shall be as
you say ; Therefore with whoever of
you it is, he shall be my slave, and
you shall be innocent."
Then they hastened and each one
unloaded his load, and he searched
beginning at the eldest to the youngest,
and found the cup in Benjamin's
load . Then they tore their garments,
and mounted each man his ass and
returned to the city.
When Judah and his brothers came
to Joseph's house, and were again
brought in, they fell on their faces to
the ground. While Joseph said to
them, " How has this occurred that
you have committed ? Did you not
know that I observe what happens
around me ? "
Then Judah replied, " What can I
say to my lord ? What assert ? or how
vindicate myself ? God has found out
the sin of your slaves in their hands ;
— alas! we are slaves to my lord ! both
we, and the one in whose hand the
cup was found ! "
But he answered and said ; " Far
be it from me to act thus. The one
in whose possession the cup was
found, he shall be a slave to me, but
you can go in peace to your father."
Then Judah approached him and
said ; " To me, my lord, grant now for
your slave to speak to the ears of
my lord, and let not your anger burn
with your slave ; — for you are to me
like Pharoh. My lord asked of his
slaves, saying, ' Have you a father, or
brother living ? ' and we replied to
my lord, ' A father lives with us ; an
old man, and a lad of his old age, the
youngest ; but his brother is dead.
And beside him there is none from
his mother, so his father loves him.'
Then you said to your slaves, ' Bring
him to me, that I may set my e3'es
on him.' But we replied to my lord,
' The youth is not able to leave his
father ; for if he leaves his father
then he will die.' You, however, said
to your slaves, ' If you do not bring
down your youngest brother with you,
you shall not again see my face.'
And when we went up to your slave,
my father, he was informed of the
demand of my lord, so that when our
father said, ' Return and buy us a
little food,' we replied ' We cannot
go down unless our youngest brother
is with us. Even should we descend,
we cannot see the face of the man
unless our youngest brother is with
us.' Then your slave, my father, said
to us, ' You know that my wife bore
me two lads, and one went from me,
and I said, alas ! he has been torn to
pieces, and I shall see him no more.
And if you take this one from my
face, and an accident should happen
to him, you will bring my grey hairs
with sorrow to the grave.' So now if
I should go to your slave, my father,
and the youth is not with us, whose
life is bound to his life, it will be then
when he sees that the youth is not
with us, he will die, and your slave
will cause the grey hairs of your slave,
our father, to go down in agony to
the grave. Besides, your slave pledged
himself for the youth to my father,
saying, ' If we do not bring him back
to you, then let me be banished from
my father all my days.' So now, I
pray, let your slave remain, instead
of the youth, a slave to my lord,
and let the youth return with his
brothers ; for if I go up to my father,
and the youth is not with me, then I
shall see the misery that will come
upon my father ! "
Then Joseph was not able to re-
strain himself before all the officers
around him, and cried ; — " Ever}- man
go out from me ! " So not a man
remained with him while Joseph
made himself known to his brothers.
Then Joseph discovered his language
to his brothers, and the Mitzerites
heard, and it was reported to the
house of Pharoh, and Joseph said to
his brothers, " I am Joseph. Does
my father yet live ? " But his brothers
were not able to answer him, for they
were terrified, at the sight of him.
Joseph, therefore, said to his
brothers, "Come near to me." So
they approached, when he said, " I
really am Joseph, your brother, whom
you sold to go to Mitzer. And I know
that with fury and rage in your eyes,
you sold me ; however God sent me
3°
31
33
34
45
45
45—6
GENESIS.
46—g
6 before you to preserve life ; for these
two years the famine has encircled
the earth, and for five years more
there will not be ploughing or harvest,
7 therefore God has sent me before
you to preserve to you a posterity in
the earth, and a secure refuge for
8 your lives. Consequently it was not
you who sent me, but God who ap-
pointed me as a Father to Pharoh,
and an Administrator of all his house,
and a Governor for all the land of
9 the Mitzeraim. Therefore arise and
go up to my father, and say to him ;
' Your son Joseph says thus : — God
has appointed me as Administrator
of all the Mitzerites, so come down
io to me : Do not delay. Yau shall
reside in the land of Goshen, and be
near to me ; — you, your children, and
your children's children, with your
sheep and your oxen and all that you
1 1 have, and I will provide for you there,
for there are five years of famine yet ;
therefore come down, yourself and
your family, and all that you have ;
12 so that my eyes may see you and the
eyes of my brother Benjamin, and
that my mouth may also speak with
13 you.' You must also inform my father
of all my power among the Mitzeraim,
and all that you have seen, and cause
your father to mount and come down
to here."
14 Then he fell upon the necks of his
brothers and wept, and Benjamin
15 wept upon his neck. He also kissed
all his brothers, and wept over them,
and afterwards his brothers con-
16 versed with him. And a report was
communicated to the Palace of
Pharoh saying, "Joseph's brothers
have come ! " and it was good in the
eyes of Pharoh, and of his ministers.
17 Pharoh therefore said to Joseph,
" Say to your brothers thus, — ' Load
up all of you from the city and go to
18 the land of Canan, and take your
father and your families and come to
me, and I will give you the best of
the land of th'e Mitzeraim, and you
shall be fed on the fat of the land.'
19 You, yourself, also command this to
be done ; — ' Take from the land of
Mitzer waggons for your little children
and wives, and your father, and bring
20 them. Care nothing also for the aban-
donment of your goods ; for the best
of the land in Mitzer shall be yours.' "
21 The sons of Israel accordingly did
so, and Joseph gave them waggons
from Pharoh's arsenal, and provided
46
provisions for the journey. He also 22
gave all of them a suit of clothes, but
to Benjamin he gave three hundred
pounds, and five suits of clothes. To 23
his father he sent in addition ten he
riding asses the best in Mitzer, and ten
she riding asses besides, with bread
and meat for his father on the way.
Thus he sent off his brothers, and said 24
to them, " Do not quarrel on the road."
They accordingly went from the 25
Mitzeraim and ascended to the land
of Canan, to Jacob their father, and 26
reported to him saying, " Joseph is
yet alive, and he is also Governor of
all the land of the Mitzeraim." Then
his heart failed, for he could not
believe them. Then they related all 27
that Joseph had said to them ; — but
when he saw the waggons which
Joseph had sent to carry himself,
then the spirit of Jacob their father
revived, and Israel said, " It is enough! 28
my son Joseph does live ! I will go
and see him before I die ! "
Israel consequently marched, and 46
all that were with him, and went to
the Well of the Oath, and offered
offerings to the God of his father
Isaac. Then God appeared to Israel 2
in a vision at night, and said "Jacob !
Jacob ! ' ' — and he replied ' ' I am here. ' '
When He answered, " I am God, the 3
God of your father Isaac ; fear not.
Go down to the Mitzeraim, for you
shall become a great nation there.
I, The Mighty, will be with you in 4
Mitzer, and I will support you, and
Joseph shall place his hands upon
your eyes."
Jacob afterwards arose from the 5
Well of the Oath, and the sons of
Israel carried Jacob their father, and
their children and wives in the
waggons which Pharoh had sent to
carry them in. They also took their 6
herds, and the property they had
purchased in the land of Canan, and
went to the Mitzeraim, — Jacob and all
his race with him : his sons and sons 7
of his sons with him ; his daughters
and his daughters' sons and all his
race went with him to the Mitzeraim.
®lje Holi (fall ai tl;e ^atriarcljG.
Now these are the names of the 8
sons of Israel who went to the Mitze-
raim : —
Jacob ; and the eldest son of Jacob,
Reuben and the sons of Reuben, 9
Hanok, and Phelwa, and Hetzon and
Karmi.
46 — io
CxEXESIS.
47-8
io The sons of Simeon, Jemuel, and
Jamin, and Ahad, and Jakin, and
Tzokhar, and Shaul ben Cananith.
ii And the sons of Levi, Gershan,
Kehath and Merari ;
12 And the sons of Judah, Ar, and
Onan, and Shelak, and Pherez, and
Hetzeon, and Hamal :
13 And the sons of Issackar, Tholah,
and Phurah, and Job, and Shimron :
14 And the sons of Zebulon, Sered,
and Alon, and Jakhlal ;
15 These were children from Leah,
which she bore to Jacob in Padan
Aram, beside Dinah his daughter;
and the persons of her sons and
daughters were thirty-three.
16 And the sons of Gad, Tzifion, and
Hani, Sheni, and Atzbon, Ari, and
Arodi and Akheli ;
17 And the sons of Asher were, Jamna,
and Ishnah, and Ishur, and Beriah,
and Sirakh, his twin brother ; and
the sons of Beriah, Heber, and Mal-
kiel;
iS These were the children of Zilfa,
whom Laban gave to Leah his daugh-
ter, and who bore them to Jacob,
six and twenty persons.
19 Sons of Rachel, wife of Jacob, were
20 Joseph and Benjamin. But there
were born to Joseph in the land of
the Mitzeraim whom Aseneth the
daughter of Poti-Para priest of On
bore ;— Manasseh, and Ephraim.
21 And the sons of Benjamin, Bela,
and Beker, and Ashbol, Ghera and
Xamen, twins, and Rash with the
twin Muphi, and twin Khuphi, and
Arad :
22 These were the sons of Rachel
which she bore to Jacob, fourteen
persons in all.
23 And the son of Gad was Kushan ;
24 And the sons of Naphthali, Jakhzel,
and Guni, and Jetzer, and Shilam :
25 These were the children of Bilah,
whom Laban gave to Rachel his
daughter, and she bore these to Jacob ;
— in all seven persons.
26 And the souls who went with Jacob
to Mitzer, who sprung from his loins,
being men only, sons of Jacob ; — all
the persons were seventy.
27 But the sons of Joseph, who were
born to him in Mitzer were two
persons, men ; so all the persons of
the family of Jacob who came clown
to Mitzer were seventy.
Jlrtrob rmi) Joseph ittcrt.
~ But he sent Judah before himself
to invite Joseph to meet him in
Goshen, when he arrived in the land
of Goshen. Joseph accordingly at 29
once mounted his chariot, and went
to meet Israel his father in Goshen.
Whom he looked at, and fell upon
his neck, and wept on his neck for a
long time ; and Israel said to Joseph, 30
" Let me die at once, — after I have
seen your face ! Why should I live
longer ? "
Joseph afterwards said to his 31
brothers, and to the family of his
father, " I will go and inform Pharoh,
and tell him that my brothers, and
the family of my father who were in
the land of Canan have come to me,
and that the men feed sheep, they 32
have lived with people of the fold ;
and their sheep and cattle and all
that they have they have brought.
But it must be that when Pharoh 33
calls you and enquires ' What can
you do ? ' you must say ; ' Your slaves
have lived as cattle-men from their
youth, until now, both we and our
fathers; — grant us to settle in the land
of Goshen ; ' for the Mitzerites hate
every shepherd of sheep."
Joseph accordingly went and re- 47
ported to Pharoh, and said, " My
father and brothers, and their sheep
and cattle, and all that they have, are
come from the land of Canan, and
are in the land of Goshen." Then 2
he selected five from his brothers to
take and present to Pharoh, and 3
Pharoh asked his brothers, " What is
your business ? "' When they replied
to Pharoh, " Your slaves are shep-
herds of sheep, — as we are, so were
our fathers." They also said to 4
Pharoh, " We have come to reside
in the land, for there is no pasture
for your slaves' sheep, because the
famine is heavy in the land of Canan,
so allow your slaves to live in the
land of Goshen."
Pharoh therefore in reply said to 5
Joseph, "Your father and your
brothers have come to you ; the land 6
of the Mitzeraim is before you, so fix
your father and brothers on the best
of it. Let them settle in the land of
Goshen, and if you know also a skil-
ful man amongst them, appoint him
superintendent of my farms."
Joseph afterwards took Jacob his 7
father and presented him before
Pharoh, and Jacob blessed Pharoh ;
and Pharoh asked Jacob, " How many S
are the days of the years of your life ? "
47
47-g
GENESIS.
48-3
9 When Jacob replied to Pharoh ;
"The days of the years of my stay
have been one hundred and thirty
years. Few and evil have been the
years of the days of my life ! and they
have not reached to the days of the
years my fathers lived in the days
io of their stay." Then Jacob blessed
Pharoh, and retired from the presence
of Pharoh.
1 1 Joseph afterwards settled his father
and his brothers, and gave them pos-
session in the land of the Mitzeraim
in the best district in the country of
Ramases, as he was commanded.
12 Joseph also provided food for his
father and brothers, and all their
families, according to their children.
cnntinnru.
3faminc
13 Bread failed in all the country, for
the famine was very severe, and the
land of the Mitzeraim and the land
of Canan fainted before the famine,
14 therefore Joseph gathered up all the
money he found in the land of Mitzer,
and in the land of Canan ; and all
the Mitzerites came to Joseph for the
corn which they bought, and Joseph
brought the money to the treasury of
15 Pharoh. Thus he collected the
money from the land of Mitzeraim
and the land of Canan.
Then all the Mitzerites came to
Joseph to say ; " Provide bread for
us, so that we may not die before
you, for our money is exhausted."
16 Joseph, however, answered them:
" Bring your cattle, and I will give
you it for your cattle, instead of for
money."
17 Consequently they brought their
cattle to Joseph and he gave them
bread, for horses and cattle and
sheep ; for herds of oxen and asses
he supplied them with bread, in ex-
change for all their cattle for that year.
18 But that year ended ; so they came
to him in the next year, and said to
him; "We have kept back nothing
from my lord : We have nothing left
before my lord, except our bodies,
19 and our land. Why should we our-
selves die before your eyes ? Buy to
yourself our land for bread, and we
and our land will be slaves to Pharoh."
29 Thus the Mitzerites sold every one
his farm, for the famine was cruel
upon them ;— and the land became
21 Pharoh's. But he transferred the
people upon it to fresh villages, from
the one extreme boundary of Mitzer
to the other extreme of it ; except 22
that he did not buy the lands of the
priesthood, for he protected the
priesthood by laws from Pharoh, and
they were fed from rations provided
for them ; therefore he did not buy
their lands.
Then Joseph proclaimed to the 23
nation, " You see I have bought you
to-day, and your land for Pharoh. I
will supply seed to you, and you can
sow the land. But of its produce 24
you shall give one-fifth to Pharoh,
and four-fifths shall be for yourselves,
to sow the fields and to feed you,
with those you employ, and as food
for your children."
They thereupon replied, " Our 25
lives have found favour in the eyes
of my lord, and we will be slaves of
Pharoh."
So Joseph made it the constitution 26
to this day ; — that the land of the
Mitzerites was Pharoh's for the fifth
tax, except the lands of the priesthood ,
which were not to become Pharoh's.
Joseph also settled Israel in the 27
land of the Mitzeraim in the district
of Goshen, and they possessed there,
and flourished, and increased greatly.
%\)t ^irkness anti Iljr Dratl; ol |acob.
Jacob, however, lived seventeen 28
years in the land of the Mitzeraim,
and all the days of the years of
Jacob were one hundred and forty-
seven years. But the day approached 29
for Israel to die, and he called his
son Joseph to him, and said to him,
" If now I have found favour in your
eyes, put your hand under my thigh,
and do to me a true kindness, and
bury me not among the Mitzeraim,
but lay me to sleep with my fathers, 30
and carry me from Mitzer, and bury
me in their burial place."
And he replied, " I will do as you 31
have said."
But he answered, " Swear to me ; "
and Israel was reclining on the sur-
face of his bed.
But it was after these events that 48
it was reported to Joseph, " Your
father is ill," so he took his two sons,
Manasseh and Ephraim, with him ;
and Jacob was told, " Your son 2
Joseph has come to you."
Then Israel exerted himself and
sat up in his bed, and Jacob said to 3
48
GENESIS.
49
Joseph, " The Almighty God ap-
peared to me on my departure from
the land of Canan, and blessed me,
4 and said to me ; ' I will make you
nourish, and increase your family,
and make you an assembly of
nations ; and I will give this land to
your race after you as a possession
5 for ever ! ' But now for your two
sons, who have been born to you in
the land of the Mitzeraim before I
came to you in Mitzer ; — let then
Ephraim and Manasseh be mine, as
6 Reuben and Simeon are mine. But
your children whom you have begot
after them they shall be yours. They
shall not be called by the name of
their brothers in their inheritance.
7 " When I came from Padan, Rachel
died from me in the land of Canan,
on the journey, in Kibrath-artz, near
the pass of Ephratha, and I buried
her there by the road at Ephratha." x
8 Then Israel looked at the sons of
Joseph, and said, " These are mine ! "
9 But Joseph said to his father, " They
are the sons which God gave me here !"
He, however, replied, " I will take
them now for myself, and bless them."
10 But the eyes of Israel were heavy
from age. He was not able to dis-
tinguish, so he drew them to him and
kissed them, and embraced them.
11 Afterwards Israel said to Joseph, "I
have seen your face unexpectedly,
and now God has shown me also
your heirs."
12 Then Joseph brought them for his
blessing and they bowed before his
13 face, earthward.2 Then Joseph took
both of them, Ephraim in his right
hand for the left hand of Israel , and Ma-
nasseh in his left, for the right hand of
Israel, and approached him. But Israel
14 stretched out his right hand and placed
it upon the head of Ephraim, who
was youngest, and his left hand upon
the head of Manasseh, intentionally,
1 Ch. 48, v. 7. The words, " Which is Bethle-
hem," are a comment of a Rabinical copyist,
not part of the Text, so I put it at the foot of
the page.— F. F.
"2 V. 12. A learned Jewish gentleman hearing
of my work sent to ask how I rendered the
12th verse of the 48th of Genesis — " for," he
said, " it is translated totally wrong in both
the Authorized and Revised Versions, and
all others." I copied out from my MSS. my
translation as above, and my enquirer
declared I was correct, as well as in another
passage of which he had asked my translation.
My readers can see the value of the correction
by consulting the A.V. and R.V.— F. F.
although Manasseh was the eldest.
Then he blessed Joseph, and said : 15
"The God in the presence of
Whom my fathers Abraham and
Isaac walked,
The God WTho appeared to me
from of old until this day ;
The Messenger Who redeemed 16
me from all misfortune,
Bless the lads, and give them my
Power,
The Power of my fathers Abraham
and Isaac,
And pour out their increase to the
bounds of the earth ! "
Joseph then discovered that his 17
father had placed his right hand on
the head of Ephraim, and it was un-
pleasing in his eyes, so he took hold
of his father's hand to change it
from off the head of Ephraim to the
head of Manasseh. Joseph also said 18
to his father, " Not thus my father,
for this is the eldest ; place your
right hand on his head."
But his father refused, saying, "I 19
knew it my son, I knew it. He also
shall be a nation, — and he also shall
be great, — but nevertheless his
younger brother shall be greater
than he, and his race shall be a
multitude of nations, and when bless- 20
ing in that period they shall say,
' The Blessing of Israel be upon you !
May God make you like Ephraim
and like Manasseh,' and they will
place Ephraim above Manasseh."
Then Israel said to Joseph; — "I 21
shall die, but God will be with you, and
will return you to the land of your
fathers. Therefore I give to you She- 22
kem alone, above your brothers, which
I took to me by my hand, from the
Amorites, by my sword and my bow."
Jacob's lUcssings ia Ijta ^nns.
Jacob afterwards called his sons 49
and said ;
" Assemble and I will inform you 2
What will befall you in future times ;
Collect and listen, sons of Jacob,
Yes, list to your father Israel ;
Reuben ! The first of my vigour, — 3
You are the crown of my passion ;
Excelling in beauty, excelling in
strength !
Boiling like water, you lost- com- 4"
mand ; —
For mounting your father's bed,
Yes ! defiling my honour's abode.
49
49
GENESIS.
49—31
U Simeon nnft 4tcbi.
5 Simeon and Levi are brothers ;
Cruel weapons are hidden with
them ;
6 To their plottings go not my soul !
My honour, join not their clan !
For they murdered guiltless men,
And joyfully murdered a prince.
7 Curse their crime, as great, and
their transgression,
For it sorely troubled Jacob, and
Israel shamed.
£0 3fu£»nlj.
S Judah you shall direct your
brothers ;
Your hand shall be on the neck of
your foes ;
To you shall the sons of your father
bow ! —
9 A young lion, Judah, for plunder !
My son springs from his couch like
a lion —
And as a lioness,- — who dare rouse
him ?
10 The sceptre shall not depart from
Judah,
Or the Giver of Law from between
his feet,
Till peace arrive, and the nations
obey him. —
11 Bound to the vine like an ass,
And a colt the son of a stepper,
He washed his garments in wine,
And his clothes in the blood of
clusters !
12 His eyes shall be bright with wine,
And his teeth be white with milk !
(To Zzbx&tm.
13 Let Zebulon dwell on the shore of
the sea,
On the shore of the ships,
And extend his legs to the fishery !
©0 Issakar.
14 A strong ass, Issakar, lies in the
stall ;—
15 And he saw that rest was good,
And the land, that it was pleasant,
So he gives his back to the load,
And becomes a servant for hire !
©0 pan.
16 Dan shall govern his people,
As a sceptred Prince of Israel !
17 Dan is a snake in the path, —
An adder laid in the road, —
He will bite the heels of the horses,
Who will throw their riders back-
wards.
For your victory trust on the Lord !
©0 (Sao.
Gad, — A troop! — He shall troop, — 18
But a troop shall deceive him ! 19
010 Asl)£l\
For Asher, his food shall be rich, 20
And his are the royal pleasures.
(To ilaphthalt.
Naphthali is a nimble stag, 21
Has the gift of eloquent speech !
(T0 |05£0lj.
Joseph! a fruitful plant! 22
A fruitful plant by a well, —
With branches spread on the wall !
But the master of arrows provoked, 23
And shot, and pierced him ;
But he turned to his powerful bow, 24
And the hands of his arms were
quick
By the hands of the mighty God of
Jacob,
From Whom is Israel's guardian
stone.
May the God of your father guard 25
you ; —
And the Almighty bless you !
With blessings from the sky above,
With blessings below of dancing
water,
With the bliss of the breasts, and
love !
May the blessings of your father 26
strengthen,
With the bliss of the fertile vales. —
May the wealth of the ancient hills
Be heaped on the head of Joseph ; —
More nobly crowned than his
brothers !
®0 ^Benjamin.
Benjamin ! a wolf, shall eat plunder 27
at morn,
And at night shall divide his spoil."
All the offshoots of Israel were. 28
twelve. And their father said this to
them, and blessed each with his bless-
ing : with blessings adapted to each.
Then he addressed them and said ; — 29
" I shall be added to my people.
Bury me with my fathers, in the cave
which is in the field of Ephron the
Hitite ; in the cave which is in the 30
field of Makphelah, which is near
Mamra in the land of Canan, which
field Abraham bought from Ephron
the Hitite for a place of burial.
Abraham is buried there, and Sarah 31
his wife. Isaac is buried there, and
Rebekka his wife, and there I buried
50
49-32
GENESIS.
50—26
32 Leah. The field was bought, and
the cave in it, from the sons of Heth."
33 Jacob thus finished instructing his
sons, and stretched out his legs upon
the bed, and expired, and was added
to his people.
50 Then Joseph fell upon his father's
face and wept, and kissed him.
(£mlmlmm0 atto burial of far 00.
2 Joseph afterwards ordered his ser-
vants the physicians to embalm his
father. The physicians accordingly
3 embalmed Israel. When the forty
days were completed, which the
embalming occupies, then the Mitzer-
4 ites wept for him yet forty days, and
at the conclusion of the forty days of
mourning, Joseph addressed the court
of Pharoh and said : —
" If, now, I have found favour in
your sight, speak, I request to the ears
of Pharoh, and say ;
5 " My father made me swear, saying,
' When I die, bury me in the tomb
which I cut out for myself in the land
of Canan : ' so now I wish to go up
and bury my father, and will return."
6 Pharoh then replied, "Go up and
bury your father, as he made you
7 swear." Joseph therefore went up to
bury his father, and there went up
with him all the ministers of Pharoh,
the nobles of his court, and all the
nobles of the land of the Mitzeraim,
8 with all the family of Joseph and his
brothers, and the families of his
father, except the children, and ex-
cept the sheep and cattle which were
9 left in the land of Goshen. There
also accompanied him chariots and
horsemen, making a very large army.
10 All these marched to Goren-Hatar
which is over the Jordan,1 and
mourned there with a great and very
heavy mourning, and made a lamenta-
tion for his father for seven days.
11 And when the inhabitants of the
land of Canan saw the lamentation
at Goren-Hatar they said, " This is
a great grieving, for the Mitzerites ; "
Therefore they called its name " Mit-
zers-lament." It is beyond the Jordan.1
1 This means on the West of the Jordan,
and is an internal proof that Genesis was
written upon the Eastern side, and by Moses,
during the Exodus. If it were a forgery of
some unknown scribe of Jerusalem of a few
centuries before Christ, he would have made
" beyond Jordan " lie on the East. — F. F.
Thus his sons did for him as he
commanded them.
So they, his sons, carried him to
the land of Canan, and buried him in
the cave in the field of Makphelah ;
which field Abraham bought to be a
burial place, from Ephron the Hitite,
opposite Mamra.
Then Joseph returned to Mitzer,
himself, and his brothers, and all
who had accompanied him to bury his
father, after he had buried his father.
But when Joseph's brothers saw
that their father was dead, they said
to one another, "Joseph will hate us;
and will return upon us all the wrong
which we heaped upon him."
They therefore sent to Joseph and
said, " Our father commanded us
before he died ; ' Say to Joseph this,
forgive, I pray, your brothers' fault
and sin in the wrongs they heaped
upon you.' Consequently we beg of
you to forgive the fault of the servants
of the God of your father."
Joseph, however, wept at their
address to him.
Then his brothers went and fell
before his face, and said, " We are
your slaves."
But Joseph replied to them ; " Fear
nothing ! For I am subject to God.
Although you set upon me for injury,
God turned it to good, in order that
I might make this nation, to give life
to many peoples. Go now do not
fear me. I will protect you, and
your children." Thus he comforted
them and spoke to their hearts.
This was after Joseph returned to
Mitzeraim, he and his father's family.
And Joseph lived one hundred and
twenty years.
And Joseph saw his great-grand-
children from Ephraim. Sons also
of Makir the son of Manasseh were
fondled on the knees of Joseph.
At last Joseph said to his relatives,
" I shall die. However the Ever-
living will visit you and take you up
from this country to the land which
He swore to Abraham, to Isaac, and
to Jacob."
Then Joseph administered an oath
to the sons of Israel to say ; " When
your God visits you, take up my
bones from here." Thus Joseph died
a hundred and twenty years old ; and
they embalmed him, and placed him
in a coffin in Mitzeraim.
r8
23
End of the Book of Gexesi;
51
THE SECOND BOOK OF .MOSES, COMMONLY CALLED
EXODUS.
(ALA SHAMOTH.)
(ftlje ilamcB of the ©Inellre
|Jatrtarchs.
1 ' I A H ESE are the names of the sons
1 of Israel who came to Mitzer-
aim.
The Chief Jacob, and his family
with him :— Reuben, Simeon, Levi,
2 and Judah ; Issakar, Zebulon, and
3 Benjamin ; Dan and Naphthali ; Gad
4 and Asher ; all the persons pro-
ceeding from the loins of Jacob, were
5 seventy individuals ; Joseph was
already in Mitzeraim.
6 Now Joseph and all his brothers
7 died, and all their children. But the
sons of Israel were fruitful and bred
and increased, and became very,
very powerful and the land was filled
with them.
A Jforrirjn (f0nqufror rubs (fitnpt
anir fears Ilsrarl.
8 Then a Foreign Conqueror arose
over the Mitzeraim who knew nothing
9 of Joseph, and said to his nation,
" This people, the sons of Israel, are
more in number and stronger than
io ourselves, therefore let us deal skil-
fully with them, to prevent them
increasing, for it is possible they
might turn upon us in war and
conquer, for they hate us, and may
be fighting against us and expel us
from the land."
ii They consequently placed labour
masters over them to force them to
build, and they built fortresses for
12 Pharoh — Pi thorn and Ramasses. But
the more they oppressed them the
more they increased ; therefore
they trembled and feared before the
13 sons of Israel. Consequently the
Mitzerites endeavoured to crush the
1 -j sons of Israel, so they embittered
their lives by cruel labour, in the
forges, and in the brick-kilns, and in
every labour upon the land, by every
means possible trying to crush them.
The king of the Mitzeraim also 15
summoned the midwives of the
Hebrews, of whom the name of the
chief was Shifra, and the name of her
lieutenant Phua, and ' decreed ; 16
"When you deliver the Hebrew
women examine their children ; if
it is a son, kill him ; but if a daughter,
let her live."
But the midwives feared God, and 17
did not do as the king of the Mitzer-
aim ordered them, but preserved the
children alive. The king of the 18
Mitzeraim therefore summoned those
midwives again and enquired from
them, " Why have you not executed
the law, but have preserved the
children's lives ?"
When the midwives replied to 19
Pharoh, " Because they are not like
Mitzerite women when in labour,
but lively, so that before the time
the midwives have come to them
they are delivered." Therefore 20
God showed kindness to those
midwives.
So the people increased and were
very strong ; and seeing that the mid- 21
wives were GoD-fearing he imprisoned
them. Pharoh then commanded this 22
people, saying, " Every boy that is
born throw him into the river, but
let the girls live."
'QHje 38irth of ptoses, atttt Adoption
Jm ^Hjaroh's daughter.
But there was a man of the family 2
of Levi, who married a Levite woman.
And his wife conceived and bore a 2
son. When she looked on his beauty,
she hid him for three months. But 3
being no longer able to hide him, she
made a boat of bulrushes and pitched
it with pitch and resin and placed it
in the reeds, on the bank of the
2-4
EXODUS.
3-4
4 river. But his sister stood at a
distance to see what would happen
5 to him. Then the daughter of.
Pharoh came down to bathe in the
river, and her maids walked along
the bank of the stream ; and they
noticed the boat amongst the rushes.
So she put out her hand and took it.
6 When she opened it she saw the lad,
and he cried ; and she grieved over
him, and said, " It is one of the
Hebrew children."
7 Then his sister asked' the daughter
of Pharoh, " Shall I go and seek for
you a nursing woman of the Hebrews,
so that she may nurse the lad for
you ? ' '
8 And the daughter of Pharoh replied
to her "Go"; so she went imme-
diately and called the mother of the
9 child ; to whom Pharoh's daughter
said, "Take this child and nurse it
for me, and I will pay you the cost."
Its mother therefore took the child
and nursed it.
io When the lad grew up he was
taken to the daughter of Pharoh as a
son, and she called his name Mosheh,1
for she said " I drew him out of the
water."
QHje jlrrtt« iRosrs thinks of his
Ration,
ii But it was long after this, when
Moses had become great, that he
went out to his brothers, and ex-
amined into their condition. Then
he saw a Mitzerite strike a Hebrew,
12 who was related to him. Then he
turned this and that way, and not
seeing anyone , he stru ck the Mitzeri te ,
and concealed him in the sand.
13 At another time when he was
inspecting, there were two men,
Hebrews, quarrelling, so he said to
the wrong-doer, " Why do you strike
your neighbour ? "
14 But he replied, "Who appointed
you as foreman and judge over us ? —
Are you going to murder me as you
murdered the Mitzerite ? "
Then Moses was afraid and said to
himself, " That affair is known
15 then?" The matter was also
reported to Pharoh who endeavoured
to execute Moses. But Moses fled
from the presence of Pharoh, and
turned to the land of Midian, where
he rested beside a well.
fHoscs anil the priest of iHtuinn.
It happened that the Priest of 16
Midian had seven daughters, and
these girls came to draw and fill the
watering troughs to give drink to
their father's sheep. Then the 17
shepherds came and drove them
away, but Moses arose and prevented
them and watered their sheep. So 18
when they returned to Rauel, their
father, he asked, " How is that you
have returned so quickly to-day ? "
They answered him ; " A Mitzerite 19
protected us from the hand of the
shepherds and also drew and gave
water to our sheep."
Then he replied to his daughters, 20
"Where is he? Why have you left
the man there ? Invite him, and let
him eat bread."
Thus Moses began to stay with the 21
man, who gave Ziforah his daughter
to him, and she bore a son, and he 22
called his name Ghersham,1 "for,"
he said, " I am a stranger in a foreign
land."
A iUhi ©grant arises in (fanut.
A long time after these events, that 23
king of the Mitzeraim died. But the
children of Israel were still oppressed
in their servitude, and their cries
from their slavery reached God.
God therefore heard their groaning ; 24
and God remembered His covenant
with Abraham, and with Isaac, and
with Jacob ; therefore God looked 25
upon the children of Israel ; and God
revealed Himself.
(Sou's ilcuelation in the gnrratuj
Itjuslj.
Moses, however, was shepherding 3
the sheep of Jethro his father-in-law,
the priest of Midian, and he had led
the sheep to the far side of the desert,
and came to the mountain of God, in
Horeb, where a Messenger of the 2
Ever-living appeared to him, in a
flame of fire, in a bush. When he
looked, he saw that the bush burnt with
fire, yet the bush was not consumed !
Then Moses said ; "I will draw 3
near and examine this great wonder,
why the bush is not burnt up." But 4
the LORD saw that he approached to
examine it, so God called to him
from the midst of Sinai, and said,
" Moses ! Moses ! " and he answered,
" I am here."
1 Moses = " From the Water " — F. F.
55
1 Heb. " A-stranger-here."— F. F,
3-5
EXODUS.
4-7
5 Then He said, "Approach not! j
Put off your shoes from your feet, for
the place upon which you stand is i
6 Holy!" Then He continued; " I AM [
the God of your fathers: — the God of
Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and
the God of Jacob ! "
Then Moses hid his face, for he
feared to gaze upon GOD.
7 The Lord then said , " I have seen the
suffering of My People who are in
Mitzeraim and I have heard their
shrieks before their drivers, and I
8 have understood their sorrows, and
I have come down to deliver them
from the hand of the Mitzerites, and
to take them up from that country to
a good land, and a spacious; to a land
flowing with milk and honey,- -to re-
place the Cananites, and the Hitites,
and the Amorites, and the Perizites,
9 and the Ivites, and Jebusites. For
the cries of the children of Israel have [
now come to Me, and I have seen the
oppression with which the Mitzerites i
io oppress them ; therefore you must
go, and I will send you to Pharoh, to
bring My People, the children of
Israel, up from the Mitzeraim."
ii But Moses replied to God ; " Who
am I, that I should go to Pharoh ?
and that I should lead the children of
Israel up from among the Mitzeraim? "
12 He answered, however; "Because
I will be with you ; — therefore go. For
I have sent you to lead the people
from the Mitzeraim, and they shall
serve God upon this mountain ! "
13 Then Moses said to God; "Sup-
posing I should go to the children
of Israel, and should say to them,
' The God of your fathers has sent me
to you,' and they should ask me,
' What is His name ? ' — what am I
to say to them ? "
14 When God responded to Moses, " I
am what I am ! Therefore say ' I
15 am' has sent me to you." And God
further spoke to Moses; "You shall
say thus to the children of Israel ; —
' The Ever-living God of your fore-
fathers;— the God of Abraham, and
the God of Isaac, and the God of
Jacob, has sent me to you. This is
My Name from Eternity, and I re-
member this from generation to
16 generation. Go and assemble the
Chiefs of Israel, and say to them,
The Ever-living God of your
fathers has appeared to me, the GOD
of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and
said; I have visited you, and I will save
you from the Mitzerites. Therefore 17
I command you to go from among
the Mitzerites to the land of the
Cananites, and the Hitites, and the
Amorites, and the Perizites, and the
Hivites, and the Jebusites, to a land
flowing with milk and honey;' and 18
they will listen to your voice. Then
go, you and the Chiefs of Israel, to
the king of the Mitzeraim, and say to
him, ' The Ever-living God of your
servants has commanded us, there-
fore we pray let us go a three days'
journey into the desert and offer sac-
rifice to our Ever-living God.'
But I know that the king of the Mit- 19
zeraim will not permit you to go,
except by a strong hand. Conse- 20
quently I shall stretch out My hand
and strike the Mitzerites with all the
wonders that I will do within their
bounds, and afterwards he will send
you away. Then I will give this 21
People favour in the eyes of the Mit-
zerites, so that it shall be when they
march, they shall not march unpro-
vided, but every woman shall demand 22
of her neighbour and from the guests
in her house, ornaments of silver, and
ornaments of gold, and clothing, and
put them upon her sons and daughters,
and shall strip the Mitzerites."
Then Moses answered and said ; 4
" But they may not trust me, and
not listen to my voice ; for they may
say, ' We have never seen your God,
the Ever-living ! "
God, however, asked him, " What 2
is in your hand?" and he replied,
" A stick."
And He then said, " Throw it on 3
the ground ! " So he threw it on the
ground, and it became a serpent, and
Moses fled from before it.
But the Ever-living said to 4
Moses " Stretch out your hand and
seize it by the tail." So he stretched
out his hand and seized it, and it
became a stick in his hand. " Be 5
certain they will believe because of
that, that the Ever-living God of
their fathers appeared to you,—- the
God of Abraham, the God of Isaac,
and the God of Jacob." And con- 6
tinuing the Ever-living said to him ;
" Put your hand now into your
bosom ; " so he put his hand into
his bosom ; and when he drew it out
his hand was leperous like snow !
Then He said, " Replace your hand 7
in your bosom ; " so he replaced his
hand in his bosom, and took it out
54
EXODUS.
5—i
again from his bosom, and it returned
like his other flesh.
8 " And it shall be if they will not
trust you, and not listen to your voice
at the first evidence, yet they will
trust to your voice after the second
9 sign. But if they do not trust you
even for this second evidence, and do
not listen to your voice, then take
some of the water from the river and
pour it out on the dryland, and there
the water which you have taken
from the river shall become blood on
the dry ground."
io Moses, however, replied to the
Ever-living ; " But yet, Lord, I am
not an eloquent man, I have not been
so in the past, nor in this speaking be-
tween You and Your servant, for I am
slow of mouth and heavy of tongue."
ii But the Ever-living replied to
him, " Who gave a mouth to man?
or who makes dumb, or deaf ? or blind,
or seeing ? Is it not I, the Living
12 One ? So now go, and I will be with
your mouth and show you what you
shall say."
But he answered ; " Indeed, my
Lord, send I pray You by some other
hand ! "
Then the Ever-living was angry
with Moses, and He said; "Have
you not a brother, Aaron the Levite ?
I know that he can talk — and he is even
now coming to seek you. See that you
15 can go cheerfully with him, and speak
to him, and put words into his mouth,
for I will be with your mouth, and in
his mouth, and will show you what
16 you are to do, and he shall speak for
you to the people. He shall be like
a mouth for you, and you shall be to
17 him in place of God. And that staff;
— take it in your hand, for you shall
perform wonders with it."
18 Moses therefore went and returned
to Jethro his father-in-law, and said
to him ; " I wish to go now and rejoin
my relatives who are in Mitzeraim and
see if they are alive." When Jethro
replied to Moses, "Go in peace."
The Ever-living afterwards said
to Moses, in Midian ; "Go! Return
to the Mitzeraim, for all the men are
dead who sought your life."
Then Moses took his wife, and his
sons, and mounted them upon asses
and turned towards the land of the
Mitzeraim. Moses also took the Rod
of God in his hand.
The Living One also said further
to Moses; " During your journey to
13
14
19
the Mitzeraim, regard all the signs
which I put unto your hand, and do
them before Pharoh. But I shall
harden his heart, and he will not let
the People go. Then you shall say 22
to Pharoh, ' Thus said the Ever-
living, — Israel is My eldest son, and 23
I say to you, Allow My son to go to
serve Him ; and if you will not allow
him, then I will slay your eldest son.' "
But while he was upon the road at 24
a resting place, a Chieftain 1 met him
and attempted to kill him ; but 25
Ziforah took a razor and cut off the
foreskin of her son and threw it at
his feet, and said, " You make a
blood-marriage for me." So he re- 26
tired from them, when she said, " It
is a marriage circumcision."
Now the Ever-living had said to 27
Aaron, "Go and seek Moses in the
desert," so he went and met him at
the Mount of God, and kissed him.
Then Moses related to Aaron all 28
the instructions of the Ever-living
which He had sent to him, and the
whole of the miracles which He had
commanded. Then Moses and Aaron 29
proceeded and collected all the Magis-
tracy of the children of Israel. And 30
Aaron repeated all the matters which
the Ever-living had addressed to
Moses, and produced evidences before
the eyes of the People ; and the people 3 1
were convinced, and acknowledged
that the Ever-living had visited
Israel, and that He had looked upon
their sufferings ; — so they honoured
and worshipped Him.
Then Moses and Aaron went and 5
saidtoPharoh; — "Thus says theEvER-
l The Hebrew word used is J-nrP>Jenovan>
and is translated " The Lord " in former ver-
sions. I, however, use Chieftain, as the word
was a title of honour, as much as our vocable
of "Lord" for a Parliamentary Peer, and was
used in the sense of Chief, as in Genesis,
ch. xviii., v. 35, by the Divine Messengers sent
to Sodom, when they conversed with Abraham.
After the Giving of the Law it seems to have
been almost entirely reserved as a title or
synonym for the Supreme Being, God. It
means' "The Ever-living " by its innate
sense, therefore God commanded (ch. iii., v. 14)
that from that time His Name should be " The
Ever-living God,'' to distinguish Him from
heathen imaginary deities, whom their
deluded votaries believed could die, be mur-
dered, or dethroned, and hence they were no
basis for eternal Law or moral life. The reader
thus can see the object of the name was to
show the unchanging nature of the Laws of
Morality as they originate from a Being of
Eternal life.— F. F,
EXODUS.
6-5
living God of Israel; ' Send out My
People that they may hold a festival
to Me in the desert.' "
2 But Pharoh replied, " Who is the
Ever-living that I should listen to
His voice, to send out the Israelites ?
I know nothing of the Ever-living ;
and I shall not send the Israelites out !"
3 They, however, replied; "TheGOD
of the Hebrews has summoned us.
Let us go therefore three days'
journey into the desert, and sacrifice
to our Ever-living God, forfear He
should assail us with plague or fever."
4 The King of the Mitzeraim said to
them; "Why do you, Moses and
Aaron, break off the people from
their work ? Go yourselves to the
5 buildings ! And," Pharoh went on
to say, "the people are now too
many for the land, yet you would
take them away from building ! "
6 Pharoh consequently commanded,
on that day, to the drivers and over-
'/ seers, saying, — " You shall not con-
tinue to give straw to these people
for the bricks they make, as hereto-
fore ; but let them go and collect
8 straw for themselves. Yet the num-
ber of the bricks which they had to
make heretofore lay upon them ; you
shall not diminish from them, for
they are idle, therefore they cry out
saying, ' Let us go and sacrifice to
9 our God.' Increase the work upon
these men, and make them do it, and
not listen to absurd speeches."
io The drivers and overseers of the
people consequently went and re-
ported it to the people, saying thus ;
ii " Pharoh has ordered us no more to
give you straw. Therefore go, col-
lect straw for yourselves wherever
you can find it, for there is to be no
diminution of your labours whatever. ' '
12 So the people were scattered all over
the land of the Mitzeraim to seek
13 stubble instead of straw. Yet the
drivers ordered them, saying, " Com-
plete your appointed work day by
day in the production of bricks."
14 And the overseers who were set over
the children of Israel were flogged
by the drivers of Pharoh, who de-
manded ; " Why have you not com-
pleted the stipulated number of bricks
as formerly was done, before this ? "
15 Then the overseers of the children
of Israel appealed to Pharoh, asking;
" Why have you done this to your
16 slaves? No straw is given to your
slaves, yet they say to us, ' Make the
bricks,' and your slaves are beaten,
and your people injured."
He, however, replied, " You are 17
idle ! you are idle ! Therefore you
say, ' Let us go and sacrifice to
the Ever-living.' So now be off, 18
you slaves, for straw shall not be
given to you, but you shall make the
number of your bricks ! "
Consequently the overseers of the 19
children of Israel saw they were in a
bad position, when he said, " You
shall not diminish from the number of
bricks day by day ; " so they assailed 20
Moses and Aaron for inciting them to
go to present themselves to Pharoh,
and said to them; " May the Ever- 21
living look upon you, and decide
how you have made our breath stink
in the opinion of Pharoh, and in the
opinion of his ministers, and have put
a sword into their hands to slay us ! "
Then Moses turned to the Ever- 22
living and said ; " Almighty ! why
have You caused suffering to this
People, and why have You sent me 23
thus ? And why have You sent me
to Pharoh saying ' I will take this
People from their suffering ? ' when
You have not delivered them ? "
Then the Ever-living replied to 6
Moses, "Now you shall see what I
will do to Pharoh, so that with a
strong hand he shall send off, and
with a strong hand he shall drive
them from this country."
J^pproprtattott of the $ame Jleljoiialj
to QI00.
Afterwards the Ever-living spoke 2
to Moses and said to him; "I am
The Ever-living. And I appeared 3
to Abraham, and to Isaac, and to
Jacob, as God Almighty ; and by
My name of the Ever-living 1 1 did
not make Myself known to them ;
but however I made a covenant 4
with them to give to them the land
of Canan, the land of their foreign-
hood, when they were foreigners in
it. I have also heard the groaning 5
of the children of Israel who are
enslaved by the Mitzerites, and I
have remembered My covenant ;
1 V. 3. " Johvah." See on this name of the
Almighty Prof. Lee's Hebrew Lexicon, voc.
Pnri'V Jehovah, where it is shown to indicate
Christ, as the Manifestation of God Who spoke
with the Patriarchs, Moses, and the Prophets,
and that it was first used as a Divine name, to
Moses at the bush. See also my note on
ch. iv. v. 24. — F. F.
56
6—6
EXODUS.
6 therefore say to the children of
Israel, I am, the Ever-living, will
cause you to come out from among
the burdens of the Mitzerites ; and I
will deliver you from your slavery,
and will redeem you with a directing
7 arm, and with great judgments; and
will take you to Myself for a People,
and will be a God to you, and you
shall know that I, your Ever-living
God, have brought you out from
among the burdens of the Mitzerites.
8 I will, also, bring you to the land
which I raised My hand to give to
Abraham, and to Isaac, and to Jacob,
and grant you its possession. I am,
the Ever-living."
9 Consequently Moses repeated this to
the children of Israel, but they would
not listen to Moses for their anguish
of spirit, and from their hard slavery.
OTlje llcpeatcir iltessaijc tn pharoh.
io The Ever-living again spoke to
ii Moses, saying; "Go! tell to Pharoh
King of Mitzer that he must dismiss the
children of Israel from his country."
12 But Moses replied against the Ever-
living, and said ; "The children of
Israel themselves would not listen to
me ; so certainly Pharoh will not listen
to me. I am, also, dull in speech."
tletteratcii QTnntmnni} to approach
raroij.
13 The Ever-living, however, com-
manded Moses and Aaron again, and
sent them to the children of Israel, and
to Pharoh King of the Mitzeraim to
demand the release of the children of
Israel from the land of the Mitzeraim.1
1 The verses from 14 to 25 are clearly
inserted here by mistake of an old transcriber,
or were a note of some editor. I therefore
append them at the foot of the page. — F. F.
(The Ancestral thief's ai Israel.
14 These are the heads of the Ancestral
Houses of the sons of Reuben, the eldest
of Israel : —
Hanok, and Hazran, and Karmi, — these
were of the families of Reuben.
15 And the sons of Simeon; Imuel, and
Iman, and Ahad, and Jakin, and Zokhar,
and Shaul, the son of the Cananitess ; —
these were the families of Simeon.
16 And these were the names of the sons
of Levi ; — by their order of birth ; —
Ghersham, and Kahath, and Merari, —
and the years of the life of Levi were a
hundred and thirty-seven years : —
17 The sons of Ghersham, Libni. and
$Hj!
Thus the Ever-living spoke to 26
Aaron and Moses to lead the chil-
dren of Israel out of the land of the
Mitzeraim by their armies. He caused 27
them, Moses and Aaron, to demand
from Pharoh King of the Mitzeraim to
allow the children of Israel to go out
of Mitzeraim. The Ever-living 28
was speaking daily to Moses in the
land of the Mitzeraim.
Thus the Lord commanded Moses ; 29
" I am the Ever-living ! Speak to
Pharoh King of the Mitzeraim all
that I command you."
But Moses replied, in the face of the 30
Ever-living, "I am only slow of
tongue, so Pharoh will not listen to
(Hbc plagues ai (fgnpt.
The Ever-living, however, an- 7
swered Moses ; " See, I will make
I you like a God to Pharoh, and Aaron
j your brother shall be your Reciter.
Therefore you must say all that I 2
command you to your brother, and
he shall repeat to Pharoh that he
must send the children of Israel from
his country. But I will make Pharoh's 3
heart obstinate, and I will multiply
evidences and wonders in the land of
the Mitzeraim. But Pharoh will not 4
listen to you, so I will lay My hand
upon the Mitzerites, and will bring
out My People, the children of Israel,
from the land of the Mitzeraim with
Shimai, with their families. And the sons 18
of Kahath were Amram, and Itzar, and
Habron, and Azriel; and the years of the
life of Kahath were a hundred and thirty-
three years.
And the sons of Merari were Mahli, and 19
Mushi ; these were the families of Levi by
their birth.
When Amram married he took his 20
cousin Jokabad to him, and she bore to
him Aaron and Moses, and the years of the
life of Amram were a hundred and thirty-
seven years.
And the sons of Izachar were Korah, 21
and Nafag, and Zikri, and the sons of 22
Azuiel Mishael and Alzaphan, and Sithri
But Aaron married as his wife Alishama 23
the daughter of Aminadab, the sister of
Nahashon, and she bore him Nadab and
Abihud ; Eliezar and Aithamar.
And the sons of Korah were Asir, and 24
Alkanah, and Abiasaf. These were the
families of Korahites.
But Eliezar the son of Aaron took a 25
wife from the daughters of Putiel, and
she bore to him Finehas. These were
the chief fathers of the Levites by their
families.
57
7-5
EXODUS.
8-4
5 Great Judgments, so that the Mitzer-
ites may know that I am the EVER-
living, when I stretch out My hand
over the Mitzeraim and bring up
the children of Israel from among
them."
6 So Moses and Aaron did as the
Ever-living commanded them.
7 They did it. But Moses was eighty
years old, and Aaron eighty-six years
old, when they spoke to Pharoh.
8 Thus the Ever-living spoke to
9 Moses and to Aaron, saying ; — " Since
Pharoh has said to you ' Give us an
Evidence' instruct Aaron, — Take your
rod and throw it down before Pharoh
and it shall become a serpent ! "
io Moses and Aaron therefore went
to Pharoh, and did as the Ever-
living commanded, and he threw
down his rod before Pharoh, and
before his ministers, and it became a
serpent.
ii But Pharoh summoned the scien-
tists and chemists, and they also did
it, assisted by the engineers of the
12 Mitzeraim, by their delusions. For
each of them threw down their rods !
and they became serpents, but the
rod of Aaron swallowed their rods.
13 However the heart of Pharoh was
hardened, and he would not listen
to them; — as the Ever-living had
foretold.
14 The Ever-living then said to
Moses, "The heart of Pharoh is de-
cided not to let the people depart.
15 Confront Pharoh in the morning,
when he goes to the bath, and stand
to meet him at the bank of the river,
and take the rod which turned to a
16 serpent in your hand. Then say to
him; "The Ever-living God of
the Hebrews has sent me to you to
say, ' Let My People go and serve
Me in the desert. But if you will
17 not listen to that, thus says the Ever-
living, by this you shall learn that I
am the Master: — When I strike
with the rod which is in my hand
upon the waters which are in the
18 river, they shall turn to blood ! And
the fish which are in the river shall
die ; and the river shall stink ; and the
Mitzerites shall loathe to drink of the
water of the river ! "
19 The Ever-living also said to
Moses ; " Say to Aaron ; Take your
rod and extend your hand over the
waters of Mitzer ; — over the streams,
over the brooks, the pools, and over
all the reservoirs of water ; and they
shall become blood ; and they shall
be blood in all the land of the Mitzer-
ites, both in wood and in stone."
Therefore Moses and Aaron did as
the Ever-living commanded, and
splashed with the rod, and the hand,
the waters which were in the river
before the eyes of Pharoh, and before
the eyes of his ministers, and all the
waters in the river turned to blood ; and
the fish which were in the river died,
and the river stank, and the Mitzerites
were not able to drink of the water
from the river, for it became blood
in all the land of the Mitzeraim.
The engineers of Mitzer, however,
did the same by their delusions ;
therefore the heart of Pharoh was
hardened, and he would not listen to
them — as the Ever-living had fore-
told. Pharoh, therefore, turned his
face and went to his palace, and did
not alter his heart even for this.
But all the Mitzerites dug pits along
the river for water to drink, for they
were not able to drink the waters
from the river. This continued for
seven days after the Ever-living
had struck the waters of the river.
Then the Ever-living said to
Moses; "Go to Pharoh and say to
him ; — ' Thus says the Ever-living !
Send My People away to serve Me ;
but if you will not send them, then I
will plague all your dominions with
frogs, and the river shall swarm with
frogs, and they shall crawl up, and
come into your palace, and to your
chamber, to your couch, and up to
your bed ; and to the palaces of your
ministers, and of your people, and to
your daughters. In this way the
frogs shall come up upon your people,
and ministers.' "
Then the Ever-living said to
Moses, " Command your brother
Aaron ; ' Extend your hand with your
rod over the rivers, and streams, and
lakes, so that the frogs may come up
over the land of Mitzer.' "
Aaron consequently extended his
hand over the waters of Mitzer, and
frogs came up and plagued the land
of the Mitzeraim.
The scientists, however, did the
same by their engineering, and also
brought up frogs upon the land of the
Mitzeraim. Pharoh, however, sum- ,
moned Moses and Aaron, and said ;
" Entreat the Ever-living, that He
may turn away the frogs from my
sight, and from my touch, when I
27
58
8-5
EXODUS.
9
will release the People, and they
shall sacrifice to the Ever-living."
5 But Moses replied to Pharoh ;
" You. threatened me you would kill
me ! Why should I pray for you, and
your ministers, and your people, to
drive away the frogs from you, and
from your palace ; except that there
may be a few in the river ? "
6 He however entreated, " Do it to-
morrow."
And'he returned ; " It shall be done
as you say, so that you may know
that there is no Lord except our
7 God. Therefore the frogs shall turn
back from you, and from your palace,
and from your ministers, and from
your people — except that in the river
there shall be a few."
8 Then Moses and Aaron went out
from Pharoh, and Moses cried to the
Ever-living about the frogs, as he
9 had promised to Pharoh, and the
Ever-living did as Moses had said
and killed the frogs in the houses,
and in the streets, and in the fields,
io and the heaps of them corrupting,
rotted, — and the country stunk.
1 1 But when Pharoh perceived the
smell of them, then he hardened his
heart, and would not listen to them ; —
as the Ever-living had foretold.
12 Consequently the Ever-liyixg
said to Moses; "Say to Aaron,
' Extend your rod, and beat the dust
of the earth, and it shall become lice
in all the land of the Mitzeraim.' "
13 And he did so.
When Aaron extended his hand
with his rod in it and struck the dust
of the earth, it became lice in all the
land of the Mitzeraim.
14 The scientists also tried by their
contrivances to produce the same,
and bring forth lice, but they were
not able. These lice assailed both
men and beasts.
15 Then the scientists reported to
Pharoh: — "This is the product of
GOD," but Pharoh hardened his heart
and would not listen to them — as the
Ever-living had foretold.
16 Therefore the Ever-living said
to Moses; "Arise at daybreak and
stand before Pharoh, when he goes
to bathe, and say to him : — ' Thus
says the Ever-living, Release My
17 People that they may serve Me ! for if
you do not release My People, I Myself
will release against you, and your
ministers, and your people, and your
daughters, gad-flies ; and the gad-
flies shall fill the houses of the
Mitzerites, and also the land upon
which they are. But at the same
time it shall be different in the land
of Goshen, where My People dwell,
for the gad-flies shall not be there, so
that you may know that I am the EVER-
living in the midst of the earth.
" ' I will also make a distinction be-
tween My People and your People.
This shall occur to-morrow.' "
And the Ever-living did it. For
swarms of gad-flies came into the
palace of Pharoh, and the palaces of
his ministers, and to all the land of
the Mitzeraim. The gad-flies spread
over all the country.
Then Pharoh summoned Moses
and Aaron and said ; " Go ! Sacrifice
to your God in this country."
But Moses replied ; " We were not
instructed to do so. For if we were
to sacrifice the idol of the Mitzerites
in their sight, would they not stone
us ? We must go three days' journey
into the desert, and sacrifice to our
Ever-living God as He has com-
manded us."
Then Pharoh answered; — "I will
send you, and you shall sacrifice to
your Ever-living God in the desert,
only in separating go not a long
journey. — Now pray for me ! "
And Moses answered ; " I will go
out from you and pray, and entreat
the Ever-living, and He will turn
away the gad-flies from Pharoh, and
from his ministers, and from his
people, to-morrow. Nevertheless
Pharoh will continue to oppose, and
will not allow the People to go away
to sacrifice to the Ever-living."
Moses accordingly went out from
the presence of Pharoh and prayed
to the Lord, and the Ever-living
answered Moses and removed the
gad-flies from Pharoh, and from his
ministers, and from his People, and
none remained. Pharoh, however,
hardened his heart even after this,
and would not release the People.
Consequently the Ever-living
said to Moses; "Go to Pharoh, and
tell him ; Thus says the Ever-living
God of the Hebrews,— Let My People
go and serve Me. However, if you
are unwilling to release them, and
you are again obstinate with them,
then the hand of the Ever-living
shall bring upon your herds that are
in the field, and upon your horses,
and asses, and camels, and cattle,
18
19
23
59
9-4
EXODUS.
9-33
and sheep, a very severe punishment.
4 But the Ever-living will distinguish
between the herds of Israel, and
between the herds of the Mitzerites,
and in all the herds of Israel nothing
shall die."
5 The Ever-living, however, fixed
a period, " After a while the Ever-
living will do this thing in the
6 country." The Ever-living ac-
cordingly brought the event at the
period, and killed a number of the
cattle of the Mitzerites, but of the
cattle of the Israelites not any died.
7 Pharoh, also, sent to examine, and
discovered that of the cattle of the
Israelites none had died, yet Pharoh
hardened his heart, and would not
let the People go.
8 Subsequently the Ever-living
said to Moses and Aaron ; " Take up
for yourselves hands full of ashes
from the smeltery furnaces, and let
Moses fling them to the sky in the
9 sight of Pharoh, and they shall be-
come a fine dust over all the land of
Mitzer, and it shall settle upon man
and beast, to inflame and produce
boils in all the land of the Mitzeraim."
io They took, therefore, ashes from a
smeltery, and presented themselves
before Pharoh, and Moses flung them
skyward, and they produced inflam-
matory boils upon man and beast,
ii and the scientists were not able to
stand before Moses, for the inflam-
mation came upon the scientists, as
well as upon the other Mitzerites.
12 But the Ever-living hardened
Pharoh's heart ; so he would not
listen to them ; — as the Ever-living
had foretold to Moses.
13 Afterwards the Ever-living said
to Moses; "Arise at dawn, and go
and stand before Pharoh, and say to
him; Thus says the Ever-living
God of the Hebrews, ' Release My
14 People to serve Me ! Or else, this
time, I will fling with all My might
upon your heart, and on your
ministers, and on your people, so that
they may learn that there is none,
except Mvself, in the whole earth.
15 Eor now I will send My hand against,
and strike you ; yourself, and Your
People, with the object of descroying
17 you from the earth. If you oppose
yourself to My People, to prevent
18 them from going, I will rain, at the
date appointed in the future, very
fierce hail, such as has not been in
Mitzer from the day it was founded
until now. Therefore send your 19
cattle to shelters, and all that you
have in the field. Every man and beast
that remains in the field, and is not
gathered into houses, the hail will
come down upon them, and kill them."
Those of the ministers of Pharoh 20
who feared the message of the Ever-
living, collected their servants, and
their cattle into the houses, but those 21
who did not lay the message of the
Ever-living to heart, left their ser-
vants and cattle in the field.
The Ever-living afterwards said 22
to Moses, " Extend your hand to the
skies, and there will come hail in all
the land of the Mitzeraim, upon man,
and upon beast ; and upon all that is in
the field, in the land of the Mitzeraim."
So Moses extended his rod to the 23
skies, and the Ever-living uttered
His voice; and fire ran along the
ground, and the Ever-living poured
hail upon the land of the Mitzeraim.
And there was hail, and continuous 24
fire mixed with the hail, very cruel,
such as had never been like it in all
the land of the Mitzeraim from when
it became a nation. The hail also 25
struck in all the land of the Mitzeraim
whatever was in the field, from man
to beast, and all the vegetation of the
field was struck by the hail, and all the
trees of the field broken, except in the 26
land of Goshen where the children of
Israel were, — there the hail was not.
After this Pharoh sent and invited 27
Moses and Aaron, and said to them ;
"I have sinned this time! The
Ever-living has done right, and I
and my people have done wrong.
Pray to the Ever-living ; for mighty 28
are the utterances of God, — and the
hail ; — and I will release you, and no
more continue to prevent ! "
But Moses answered him, "When 29
I am outside of the city, I will spread
out my hands to the Ever-living,
when the voices will cease, and the
hail will not continue ; so that you
may learn that the earth belongs
to the Ever-living, and that you and 30
your ministers may learn at last to
fear before the presence of the Ever-
living God."
So the flax and the barley were 31
cut up, for the barley was in ear and
the flax in flower ; but the wheat and 32
rye were not cut up, for they were of
later growth.
When Moses went from the 33
presence of Pharoh outside the city,
60
9—34
EXODUS.
IO-23
he spread his hands before the Ever-
living ; and the voices ceased, and
the hail storm poured not earthward.
34 But when Pharoh perceived that
the rain and hail and voices had
ceased, he continued to sin, and
hardened his heart, — he and his
35 ministers. So Pharoh 's heart was
obstinate, and he would not release
the children of Israel ; — as the Ever-
living foretold, by the hand of
Moses.
10 Therefore the Ever-living said to
Moses; "Go to Pharoh, for I will
strike his heart, and the heart of his
ministers, with two other evidences in
2 their midst, that you can record for
the ears of your sons and your sons'
sons, how I brought you up from the
Mitzeraim, and the evidences that I
produced among them, that they might
know that I am the Ever-living."
3 Moses and Aaron consequently
went to Pharoh and said to him,
" Thus says the Ever-living God of
the Hebrews ; ' Until when will you
refuse ? resisting to My face to
release My people to serve Me ?
4 However if you continue refusing to
release My people, I will bring locusts
shortly into your dominions, and they
shall hide the sight of the ground, so
that you shall not be able to see the
5 ground; and they shall eat the remains
of the fragments of what has been
left to you from the hail ; and shall
eat all your fruit trees from the field ;
6 and shall fill your palace, and the
palaces of your ministers, and the
houses of all the Mitzerites, in such
a way as you have never seen, or
your fathers, or the fathers of your
fathers from the day they lived upon
the earth to this day.' "
Then he ceased and went away
from Pharoh.
7 Then Pharoh's ministers said to
him, " How long is this thing to go
on with us, to ensnare us ? Release
these men to serve their Ever-
living God. — Do you not know that
Mitzer is already destroyed ? "
8 Moses and Aaron were brought
back to Pharoh, and he accordingly
said to them ; — "Go ! Serve the Ever-
living, your GOD— Who, and what
do you wish should go with you ? "
9 So Moses replied ; " With our young,
and our old, we shall go ; with our sons
and our daughters ; with our sheep,
and our cattle, we shall go ; so that we
may hold a holy festival to our God."
He however exclaimed; "The 10
Ever-living must be with you, then,
when I let you go with your children ; —
look out ! for evil is before you !
It shall never be so! — But you may 11
go now, and make a pilgrimage, and
serve your Ever-living — for that is
what you asked."
And they were driven from the
presence of Pharoh.
Then the Ever-living said to 12
Moses; " Stretch out your hand over
the land of the Mitzeraim for the
locusts, and they shall come up upon
the land of Mitzer, and shall eat
everything green in the country ; all
that the hail has left."
So Moses extended his rod over 13
the country of the Mitzeraim, and
the Ever-living drove an east wind
over the country all that day and all
the night until the morning came,
and the east wind carried the locusts ;
and the locusts came up over all the 14
country of the Mitzeraim, and seized
upon all the dominions of the
Mitzeraim very grievously. Before
them there were no such locusts, and
never since have there been such.
They even hid the ground from 15
sight, and blackened the earth, and
ate every green thing upon the ground ,
and all the fruit of the trees which
the hail had left, and no verdure was
left on the trees, or grass on the
fields, in all the land of the Mitzeraim.
Then Pharoh hastened, and sum- 16
moned Moses and Aaron, and said ;
" I have sinned against the Ever-
living God, and againstyou! There- 17
fore pardon now my sin, only this
once, and entreat the Ever-living
God to turn from me also this death."
So they went out from Pharoh and 18
entreated the Ever-living, and the 19
Lord caused a very strong west wind
to blow, and it swept off the locusts
and blew them into the Red Sea.
There was not a locust in all the
dominions of the Mitzeraim. But the 20
Ever-living strengthened the heart
of Pharoh, and he would not release
the children of Israel.
Afterwards the EVER-LIVING said 21
to Moses, " Stretch your hand towards
the sky, and darkness shall come
upon all the land of the Mitzeraim ;
and a darkness that may be felt."
Therefore Moses stretched his 22
hand to the skies, and thick dark-
ness came upon all the land of the
Mitzeraim for three days. No one 23
61
10—24
EXODUS.
12-
saw his brother, and no one rose from
his place for three days. But to all
the children of Israel there was light
for their operations.
24 Then Pharoh sent for Moses and
said ; " Go ! Serve the Ever-living.
Only your sheep and cattle must stay ;
your children, also, may go with you."
25 But Moses replied ; " You must also
give to our hands sacrifices and
offerings that we can make to our
26 Ever-living God, and therefore
our herds must go with us ; not a
hoof must be left ; for we must take
from them to serve our Ever-living
God. And we cannot be knowing
what we must serve the Ever-living
with until we arrive there."
27 The Lord, however, hardened the
heart of Pharoh, and he was not
28 willing to release the People. There-
fore Pharoh replied to him, " Get off
from me ! and take care to yourself
never again to see my face ! for on
the day you look again on my face
you shall die ! "
29 When Moses answered; "As you
have spoken right, I never will look
on your face again ! "
11 Then the Ever-living said to
Moses; "I will bring yet another
blow upon Pharoh, and upon the
Mitzeraim, after which he will release
you. They all will release you,
2 driving you from here. Therefore
privately instruct the People that
they must demand every man from
his neighbour, and every woman from
her neighbour, articles of silver and
3 articles of gold." The Ever-living
also gave the People favour in the
eyes of the Mitzerites ; for the man
Moses was very powerful in the land
of Mitzer, in the eyes of the ministers
of Pharoh, and in the eyes of the
People.
4 After that Moses proclaimed ;
"Thus says the Ever-living, At
midnight I will pass through the
5 land of the Mitzeraim, and kill all
the first-born in the land of Mitzer,
from the first-born of Pharoh, who
sits upon the throne, to the first-born
of the slave who sits behind the mill ;
as well as the first-born of the cattle ;
6 and a great cry will go up from all
the land of Mitzer, when these are
7 not; and those are perished. But
from all the children of Israel there
shall not be hurt a dog's tongue, that
you may know that the Ever-living
distinguishes between the Mitzerites
and Israel. Then all your ministers 8
shall descend, and bow down to me
saying, 'Go away, you, with all the
People who are following you,' and
after that I will depart."
Thus he went from before Pharoh
in burning anger. Then the Ever- 9
living said to Moses ; " Since Pharoh
will not listen to you, I will increase
my evidences in the land of the Mit-
zeraim." Therefore Moses and Aaron 10
effected all these evidences before
Pharoh ; yet the Ever-living har-
dened the heart of Pharoh, and he
would not release the children of
Israel from his country.
Consequently the Ever-living 12
spoke to Moses and to Aaron in the
land of the Mitzeraim, commanding ;
"This month shall be to you the 2
Chief Month ; it shall be the first
month of the year to you.
HJrtatttittiott ai tlj£ ^asaoutr.
" Speak to all the families of Israel 3
commanding that in the tenth month
they shall take for themselves each
one a lamb for a father's house, a
lamb for a family. But if the family 4
is too small for a lamb, then let him
and the neighbour to his house, ac-
cording to the number of persons
who are to eat, share in the lamb.
It must be a perfect he lamb of a 5
year. You may take it from the
sheep or from the goats ; and you 6
must keep it by you until the four-
teenth day of this month, then kill it.
All the Assembly of the Families of
Israel must kill it between the dusks.1
Then they shall take of the blood and 7
sprinkle upon the two door-posts, and
upon the lintel of the houses where
they eat it. And they shall eat the 8
flesh in that night, roasted with fire.
They shall eat it with unfermented 9
bread and bitter herbs. They shall
not eat any of it parboiled, or boiled
in a boiler, but only roasted with fire,
its head, and limbs, and ribs; and 10
they shall not reserve any of it till
the morning, but what is left of it at
the morning they shall consume with
fire. And they shall eat it in this 11
way ; — girt with their belts, their shoes
on their feet, and their sticks in their
hands ; and they shall eat it rapidly.
It is a Passing-over to the Ever- -
living, for I will pass through the 12
1 The dawn and twilight. — F. F
62
12-13
EXODUS.
12-37
land of the Mitzeraim in that night,
and strike all the first-born of the
Mitzerites from man to beast. Upon
all the gods of the Mitzerites also I
will execute judgment. I the EVER-
13 living. But the blood upon your
houses shall be a safeguard to you,
that you are there ; when I see the
blood, then I will pass over you ; and
there shall not be a life injured in
my destruction of the land of the
14 Mitzeraim. Therefore this day shall
be to you for a Remembrance, and a
Festival. It shall be a Festival to
the Ever-lining in yourgenerations,
an ordinance for ever. You shall
sanctify it.
15 " You shall eat unfermented bread
for seven days ; that is : in the first
day you shall remove ferment from
your houses ; for all who eat fermented
bread, then, that person shall be ex-
communicated from Israel, from the
16 first day to the seventh day. So the
first day shall be proclaimed holy,
and the seventh day shall be pro-
claimed holy for you. You shall not
do any work upon them ; except for
what every person must eat ; you shall
17 only do that. Therefore, guard these
days of unfermented bread, for on
these days I led out your armies
from the land of the Mitzeraim with
power, consequently keep this period
as an everlasting institution in your
generations ; beginning at the four-
teenth day of the month at the dusk
to eat unfermented bread, until the
twenty-first of the month at dusk.
During seven days, ferment shall not
be brought into your houses ; for
everyone eating of fermented bread,
that person shall be excommunicated
from the families of Israel, whether
a foreigner or a native of the country.
20 You shall not eat of any in your
dwellings. You shall eat biscuits."
21 Moses therefore proclaimed to all
the magistrates of Israel, saying ;
" Blow the trumpet, and select for
yourselves a lamb for your families,
22 and kill the Passover; and take a
bunch of hysop and dip it in the
blood which ensues, and sprinkle the
lintel and the two door-posts with
the blood which ensues, and none of
you shall go out from the door of his
23 house until daybreak ; for at dusk
the Ever-living will strike the
Mitzerites, but when he sees the
blocd on the lintel, and upon the two
door-posts, then the Ever-living
18
i'J
will pass over the door, and will not
allow injury to come to that house to
strike it.
"You shall also keep this com-
mand as an Institution for you and
your sons for ever. Also when you
have arrived at the laud which the
Ever-living will give you, as He
promised, you shall there also regard
this service. And when your children
shall say to you ; ' What is this service
for ? ' you shall reply, ' This is the
sacrifice of the Passover to the Ever-
living, Who passed over the houses
of the children of Israel in Mitzer.
when He struck the Mitzerites, and
protected our houses. Therefore,
the People shall bow down and
worship.' "
So the children of Israel went and
did as the Ever-living commanded
to Moses and Aaron : — they did it.
When that midnight came, the
Ever-living struck all the first-born
in the land of the Mitzeraim, from
the first-born of Pharoh, who sat
upon the throne, to the first-born of
the prisoner in the dungeon ; and all
the first-born of cattle. Then Pharoh
and all his ministers arose in the
night, with all the Mitzerites, and
there was a great shriek among the
Mitzeraim, for there was not a house
in which there was not someone
dead !
Consequently he sent to Moses and
Aaron by night, and said ; " Rise up !
Go away from among my People ; —
both yourselves and the children of
Israel. Go! serve the Ever-living,
as He has commanded you. And
take your sheep and your cattle, as
you demanded, and march. But
therefore bless me I "
The Mitzerites also pressed on the
People to hasten them to go out from
the country, "for," they said, "we
shall all be dead ! " So the People
took up the dough before it was fer-
mented with yeast, rolled up in their
knapsacks on their shoulders.
The children of Israel also had
done as Moses ordered, and had de-
manded from the Mitzerites orna-
ments of silver and articles of gold,
and clothing; and the Ever-living
gave them favour in the eyes of the
Mitzerites. Thus they demanded
from them, and escaped from the
Mitzeraim.
Then the children of Israel marched
from Ramases to the Encampment,
29
30
Ji
32
33
34
35
36
37
<->3
12-38
EXODUS.
13-15
about six hundred thousand men, j
38 beside children ; many strangers also j
went up with them, and very great
39 herds of sheep and cattle. They also j
baked the dough which they had j
brought from the Mitzeraim into
biscuits, before it was fermented, for
the Mitzerites drove them, and they
were not able to ferment it, as well !
as also being ordered not to do it.
|3rri0o 0{ Israel's lleaioemre in
(jrgnpt.
40 Now the period of the residence of
the children of Israel, during which
they stayed amongst the Mitzerites, |
was four hundred and thirty years.
41 And it was at the end of the four |
hundred and thirtieth year, upon the j
self-same day, that all the armies of '
the Ever-living came out from the
42 land of the Mitzeraim ; it is a night I
to be observed to the Ever-living ; j
for He brought them out from the
land of the Mitzeraim. It is the
Night, the Night of observance to
the Ever-living, for all the children
of Israel and their descendants.
43 The Ever-living had said to
Moses and Aaron ; " This is the Feast
of the Passover : any son of a foreigner
44 shall not eat of it ; but every person
45 bought with money when he has
been circumcised may eat of it.
46 "It shall be eaten by single families ;
they shall not carry any of its flesh
outside of the house ; and a bone of
47 it shall not be broken. Every family
48 in Israel shall offer it ; and if there j
resides with you a foreigner, and he
would offer the Passover to the Ever- !
living, let him cause every male to J
be circumcised. He may then ap-
proach to offer it, when he shall be
like a native of the country, but any |
uncircumcised person shall not eat
49 of it. One law shall be for the native,
and for the foreigner, who is among
you."
50 So all the children of Israel did
as the Ever-living commanded to
Moses and Aaron ; they did it.
51 Thus it was on the self-same day
the Ever-living caused the children
of Israel to go out from the land of
the Mitzeraim, with their armies.
13 The Ever-living also commanded
2 to Moses ; " Consecrate to Me every
first-born proceeding from every
womb of the children of Israel, both
of man and beast. It is Mine."
Therefore Moses said to the people, 3
" Remember this day when you came
out of the land of the Mitzeraim,
from the house of bondage ; for with
a strong hand the Ever-living
brought you from there : — so you shall
not eat fermented bread. The time 4
when you came out was in the month
of harvest ; consequently, when the 5
Ever-living brings you to the land
of the Cananites, and the Hitites, and
Amorites, and the Hivites, and the
Jebusites, which He swore to give to
you ; — a land flowing with milk and
honey ; — then you shall perform this
service in this month. For seven 6
days you shall eat biscuits, and on
the seventh day shall be a festival to
the Ever-living. You shall eat 7
biscuits for seven days ; and fermented
bread shall not be seen with you ;
nor shall ferment be seen in all your
boundaries. You shall inform your 8
children of this day, saying, ' This is
for the Passing-over the Ever-living
made for us, in bringing us out from
the Mitzeraim.' Thus it will be to 9
you like a mark on your hand, and
as a remembrance between your eyes,
so that the reverence for the Ever-
living may be before you ; for with 10
a strong hand the Ever-living led
you out from the Mitzeraim ; there-
fore you shall observe this institution
for a witness for ever and ever.
" And when the Ever-living has 11
brought you to the land of Canan,
which He promised to you and to
your fathers that He would give you,
then you shall devote every first-born 12
of the womb to the Ever-living ;
and every first offspring of cattle
which shall come to you as a male,
to the Ever-living. But every 13
first-born of an ass, you shall redeem
with a lamb ; or if you do not redeem
it, then break its neck. Every eldest
male, however, of your children you
shall redeem.
" When any of your sons, then, 14
shall ask you hereafter, saying : ' Why
is this ? ' You shall reply to him,
The Ever-living brought us out
from the Mitzeraim with a strong
hand, from the house of bondage.
And when Pharoh refused to release 15
us, then the Ever-living slew all the
first-born in the land of the Mitzeraim,
from the first-born of man, to the
first-born of beast, — therefore I sacri-
fice to the Ever-living all the first
male offspring of the womb, and all
64
13-16
EXODUS.
14-i8
16 the first-born of men I redeem. Thus
they will be like marks upon your
hand, and as frontlets between your
eyes, that with a strong hand the
Ever-living brought you from
Mitzer."
4tyiot0rn of tljc (Fi-otiuo artditmzb.
17 However, when Pharoh had re-
leased the People, God did not con-
duct them out by way of the country
of the Philistines, although it was the
nearest; for God said ; "If I should
conduct the People to the sight of
war, they will return to the Mitze-
18 raim." Therefore God turned the
People to the way by the desert
of the Sea of Weeds. The children
of Israel, however, marched in readi-
ness for battle from the land of the
Mitzeraim.
19 Moses also took the bones of Joseph
with him, for he had administered an
oath to the children of Israel saying,
"The Ever-living will visit you;
and you shall carry up my bones
from here with you."
20 So they marched from the Encamp-
ment, and pitched on the borders of
21 the desert ; and the Ever-living
went before them by day in a pillar
of cloud, to direct them on the
way, and in a pillar of fire by
night, to light them in the way by
22 day and night. The pillar of cloud
never departed by day, nor the
pillar of fire by night from before
the People.
14 Then the Ever-living spoke to
Moses, saying ; —
2 " Command the children of Israel,
that they must turn and encamp
before Pi-Hakhiroth x between Migdol
and the sea, in front of Bal-zephon.
You shall encamp directly opposite
the sea !
3 " Upon which Pharoh will exclaim,
' The children of Israel have confused
themselves as to the country ! The
4 desert shuts them in!' And I will
embolden the heart of Pharoh and he
will pursue you, and then I will be
honoured by Pharoh and by all his
forces, and the Mitzerites shall know
that I am the Ever-living."
They accordingly did it.
5 When it was reported to the king
of the Mitzeraim that the People had
1 " The gorge of the caves," when trans-
lated.—F. F.
fled, then the heart of Pharoh and of
his ministers changed about the
People ; and they said, " What is it
that we have done ? Why have we
released the People from serving us ? "
Consequently he had his own chariot 6
harnessed, and took his forces with
him, and took six hundred officers' 7
chariots, and all the chariots of the
Mitzeraim with three men upon each
of them.
Thus the Ever-living emboldened 8
the heart of Pharoh king of the Mit-
zeraim, and he pursued after the
children of Israel. But the chil-
dren of Israel went out with a high
hand.
The Mitzerites, however, pursued 9
after them, and came up with them
encamped by the sea : — all the horse
chariots of Pharoh and his forces, — ■
at Pi-Hakhiroth, before Bal-zephon.
As Pharoh approached, the children of 10
Israel raised their eyes, and saw the
Mitzerites marching after them ; and
they were terrified ; so the children
of Israel cried out to the Ever-livixg;
and they said to Moses; "Because 11
there were no graves among the Mit-
zeraim, have you brought us out
from Mitzer into the desert to die ?
Was not this what we said to you 12
in Mitzer ; ' Let us alone and we
will serve the Mitzerites ' ? For
it is better for us to serve the Mit-
zerites, than that we should die in the
desert! "
Moses, however, replied to the
People ; " Fear not ! Stand still ! and
you shall see the victory of the
Ever-living, which He will effect
for you to-day ! For although you
see the Mitzerites to-day, you shall
not see them again for ever and ever !
The Lord will fight with them, and
you shall keep silent ! "
The Ever-living then said to 15
Moses ; " Why do you cry to Me ?
Command the children of Israel to
march. And you, raise your staff, 16
and extend your hand over the sea,
when it will divide itself, and the
children of Israel can go through it
as upon dry land. But I, Myself, will 17
embolden the hearts of the Mitzerites,
and they shall follow after them.
Then I shall be honoured by Pharoh
and by all his forces, by his chario-
teers and horsemen, and the Mit-
zerites shall learn that I am the
Ever-living by My conquering over
Pharoh and his horsemen."
13
14
IS
14—ig
EXODUS.
15-J
19 Then the Messenger of God who
went before the camp of Israel
marched, and went behind them, and
the pillar of cloud also marched from
before them and stood at their rear, 1
20 and went between the camp of the !
Mitzerites, and the camp of Israel,
and became a cloud and darkness —
even of the light of the night, — so that !
the one approached not to the other
all the night.
21 When Moses stretched his hand
over the sea, the Ever-living
caused a strong east wind to blow
and rolled back the waters all that
night, and made the sea like dry land,
22 and made a plain in the waters. Then
the children of Israel passed through
the sea on the dried-up part, and the
waters were to them a protection x on
their right hand and upon their left.
23 The Mitzerites also pursued and
went after them ; all the horse
chariots of Pharoh, and his horsemen,
24 into the midst of the sea. But when
the morning- watch arrived the Ever-
living looked down from the Pillar
of Fire and Cloud on to the army of
25 Mitzeraim and broke off the wheels
from their chariots, and confused the
ranks of the drivers, so that the
Mitzerites exclaimed ; " Let us fly
from the presence of Israel, for the
Ever-living fights for them against
the Mitzerites."
26 Then the Ever-living said to
Moses, " Stretch out your hand over
the sea, and the waters shall return
upon the Mitzerites, over their
chariots and over their horsemen."
27 So Moses extended his hand over
the waters, and the waters returned
at the beginning of the morning to
their regular flow, and the Mitzerites
fled from their approach. Thus the
Ever-living overwhelmed the Mit-
28 zerites in the midst of the sea, and
the waters returned and struck the
chariots and the horsemen, and all
the forces of Pharoh that went after
them into the sea ; — not one of them
remained.
29 But the children of Israel went
along upon the dry land in the midst
of the sea, and the water was a pro-
tection to them on the right and on
30 the left. Thus the Ever-living
l Or "Circumvalation" — that is, like a moat
or ditch on each side of the shallow from which
the waters had been driven off by the east
wind. — F. F.
saved Israel at that time from the
hand of the Mitzerites, and Israel
saw the Mitzerites dead on the shore
of the sea; and Israel also saw the 31
great power by which the Ever-
living dealt with the Mitzerites,
therefore the People feared the Ever-
living, and trusted in the Lord, and
Moses His servant.
^0ittj ai Moses.1
Then Moses and the children of 15
Israel sang this song to the Ever-
living and said in chorus : —
Stanza I.
" I will sing to the Lord,
For with splendid power,
He has flung the horse and his
rider
Into the sea !
Stanza II.
" I shout and sing to my God, 2
For from Him comes my salva-
tion !
He is my God, and I rest upon
Him!
The God of my Fathers, and I
will exalt Him !
Stanza III.
" The Lord is a warrior ; 3
His name is Jehovah, —
He whelmed Pharoh's cars and 4
his force in the sea !
And his generals sank in the Sea
of the Weeds !
The breakers sucked in to the 5
deeps like stone !
Stanza IV.
" Your right hand, Lord, is strong 6
and glorious,
Your right hand, Lord, has
crushed Your foes,
And with grandeur destroyed 7
Your opponents !
You shot Your fire ; — it consumed
them as chaff!
And the sea was filled by the 8
breath of Your mouth !
And they lay like heaps for the
plunderers ;
They curdled the waves in the
heart of the sea !
1 I render this into the metre as I read the
Hebrew original to run ; and add another
metrical version by my accomplished friend
Henrik Borgstrom.
66
15-9
EXODUS.
15—21
Stanza V.
9 " 'I will pursue,' said the foeman,
' O'ertake, and plunder and sate
my lust ;
Draw my sword and my hand
shall destroy them ! ' —
You blew with Your wind, and the
sea overwhelmed ;
And their Princes sank like lead
in the seas !
Stanza VI.
" Who is like to the LORD among
Gods?
Who like Him in His Holy
splendour,
In brightness, and honour, and
powerful acts ?
You extended Your hand and
the earth was shaken, —
You led in Your love this people
free ;
And will bring in Your might to
Your Holy Home.
Stanza VII.
14 " The Nations hearing it trembled ;
Terror seized on Philistia's men ;
15 The Chiefs of Edom were also in
terror ;
The Princes of Moab shook in
their fear ;
And the people of Canan dis-
solved like a cloud ;
Dread and terror upon them fell.
16 At Your Mighty power they stood
like a stone;
Until Your People, Lord, passed
over ;
Until Your Race had passed out
redeemed !
17 Whom You brought and fixed as
Your own on Your Hill ;
The place You had chosen, Lord,
for Your work ;
18 To the Temple, Almighty, Your
hands had made.
Stanza VIII.
19 " The Lord will reign forever and
ever ;
For the horse of Pharoh went
with his chariot,
And with his horsemen, into the
sea,
Where the Lord turned on them
the flood of the waters ;
But the children of Israel walked
on the dry, —
Thro' the midst of the sea! "
Miriam the Poetess, also, the sister 20
of Aaron, took the timbrill in her
hand and all the women followed her
with timbrills and dances, and Miriam 21
responded to them ;
(The (CIjontQ of ("(ilomen.
"Sing to the Lord for gloriously
triumphing,
He has flung the horse and his
rider, — ■
Into the sea ! "
THE SONCx OF MOSES.1
By Henrik Borgstrom.
®!je (fsaltntinn.
" I will now sing to Him Who is
the Force of Life,
For in strength He is strong ex-
ceedingly,
Horse and his chariot hath He
precipitated into the sea.
My trust and exaltation was J AH,
For He, to me, was Salvation.
This is my God, and I will praise
Him—
The God of my fathers — and I
will extol Him.
The Living One is a Manof War, —
I That Am, His Name.
{The £ba*'j 0f ^Ij'irnl).
"The chariots of Pharoh, and his
army,
Are thrown into the sea,
And the chosen of each three
charioteers
Are sunk in the Sea of Weeds.
The billows covered them ; —
They went down in the deep like
stone.
®Ije lleoelatton of ^trmtTtlj.
"Thy Right Arm, O Burning Fire,
is revealed in strength ;
Thy Right Arm, O Life of Life,
has shattered the enemy,
(!. Ijc force of (Dou.
"And with the force of Thy
Majesty
Hast Thou scattered those that
stood against Thee.
1 By Mr. Henrik Borgstrom, of Helsingfors,
Finland, and which on account of its power
and baauty I include with my own version,
by his permission. — F. F.
G7
15—21
EXODUS.
15 — 27
Thou hast let loose Thy wrath.
Thy anger devoured them as
stubble,
And at the breath of Thy mouth
The waters stormed !
®Ij* (&8a$tdaiian in the ^ea.
"Th' unstable waves stood as a
wall ;
In the heart of the sea
Did the billows coagulate.
%\)t IFust of the Grnentu.
" The enemy spake : —
' I will pursue them,
Overtake, divide the spoil,
Will flesh my sword, will fill my
hand ! '
%\)t 3\.tiengitto, 3X'0ru.
" Thou didst blow with Thy wind,
The sea was troubled, —
As lead they rolled
Into the mighty waters.
Iiotljo is like to (O0U?
"Who is like unto Thee,
Among the gods,
O Eternal One?
Who is like unto Thee,
Transfigured in holiness,
Terrible in Praise,
Working Wonder ?
(The (Guidance of (6ou.
" Thou stretchest out Thine arm, —
The earth was vastated ;
Thou guidest in Love,
The people Thou hast redeemed ;
With Thy strength Thou leadest
them
To the mansion of Thy Holiness.
®Ije fJrenthlinn. Rations.
" The Nations hear and they
tremble ;
Fear commands the dwellers in
Pelashet ;
Terror unnerves the Dukes of
Edom ;
The Princes of Moab are smitten
with dread, —
They cower !
All the inhabitants of Canaan-
Anguish is fallen upon them,
They shrink away,
At the awe" of Thy Captaincy
They stand as a stone !
®he people's llencntption.
' Until Thy Race come out,
O Thou, Who art from Eternity,
Until Thy Race come out,
Whom Thou hast made Thine
own ; —
Till Thou shouldst bring in, and
plant them,
On the mountain, which Thou
possessest, —
The place that Thou hast made
for Thy habitation,
O Centre of Being ;
The Seat of Holiness, —
O Ruler —
That Thy hands have con-
structed.
leljoualj's (ftcrnal llcian.
Then shall Jehovah reign
Over the all,
And over the Infinitude."
iHarch from the Mall to the Qcscrt
of iltarah.
Moses afterwards marched the 22
children of Israel from the Red Sea,
and departed from the Desert of the
Wall, and advanced three days into
the desert, but found no water. Then 23
they came to Marah, but were un-
able to drink the waters of Marah,
for they were bitter ; therefore Moses
called it Bitterness. Then the people 24
came to Moses to say; "Why have
you done this ? "
So he cried to the Ever-living, 25
and the Ever-living showed him
a tree, which he put into the water
and it sweetened it. He gave it
therefore the name of the Pit of
Calamity, and named it Trial. But 26
he said ;
" If you will listen to the voice
of your Ever-living God, and do
what is right in His eyes, and
give your ears to His commands,
and keep all His institutions, all
the plagues which I laid upon the
Mitzerites I will not lay upon you,
for I am your Ever-living,
Restorer."
After that they came to Ailim, 27
where there were twelve springs of
water, and several palm trees, so they
encamped there by the springs.
CS
16—i
EXODUS.
I6-25
Mana (Giunt.
16 Then the children of Israel marched
from Ailim and came to Arath, in the
Desert of Sin, which is between
Ailim and Sinai, on the fifteenth
day of the second month from their
departure out of the land of the
2 Mitzeraim. But all the families of
the children of Israel complained
3 against Moses and Aaron in the
Desert; and the children of Israel
said to them ; —
" Why do you kill us by the hand
of the Ever-living ? In the land
of the Mitzeraim we sat by the flesh
pots to gorging ! Why have you
brought all the congregation to this
Desert to die of hunger ? "
4 Therefore the Ever-living said
to Moses ; " I will rain bread for
them from the skies ; and the
people shall go out to collect it day
by day, so that I may try if they
5 will walk in My laws or no. But
upon the sixth day they must pre-
pare what they bring in, which
shall be twice as much as the daily
portion."
6 Moses and Aaron consequently
said to all the children of Israel ;
" To-morrow morning you shall know
that the Ever-living brought you
7 out of the land of the Mitzeraim, for
in the morning you shall see the
power of the Lord by His listening
to your complaints against the Ever-
living, and us, regarding what you
8 have complained against us. And,"
Moses continued, " the Ever-living
will give you flesh to eat in the
evening, and bread in the morning
to your fill ; because the Ever-
living has heard your complaints,
that you have complained against
Him and us ; — for you not only
complain against us, but against the
Lord."
9 Then Moses said to Aaron ; —
" Command all the families of the
children of Israel to appear before
the Ever-living, for He has heard
their murmurs."
io Consequently Aaron commanded
all the families of the children of
Israel, and they presented them-
selves in the desert, and saw the
splendour of the Ever-living appear
in the cloud.
ii Then the Ever-living spoke to
Moses, saying ; —
12 "I have heard the complaints of
the children of Israel. Speak to
them and say; ' In the evening you
shall eat flesh ; and in the morning
you shall be filled with bread : — so
that you may know that I am your
Ever-living God.' "
When evening arrived therefore
quails came up and covered the camp ;
and in the morning a layer of dew
surrounded the camp. But when the
layer of dew exhaled from the sur-
face of the desert, grains like
scales, — grains like hoar-frost, —
covered the ground.
When the children of Israel saw
it, they said each to his brother, —
" Man hoa ? " 1 for they did not know
what it was. But Moses said to them,
" This is the bread which the Ever-
living has given for you to eat.
And this is the thing that He com-
mands ; You are to collect each of
you according to his requirements a
homer for each individual member
of the living persons, that you enter-
tain in your tents."
The children of Israel accordingly
did so, and collected it from the
desert much and little. But when
they measured by the homer there
was no excess to the much, or defi-
ciency to the little ; each had
according to the consuming mouths,
for Moses had said to them, " Let not
any remain until the morning." But
some listened not to Moses, but
reserved it by them until the morn-
ing, when it bred worms; Moses
however was angry with them.
Therefore they collected it morning
by morning, according to the consum-
ing mouths, for when the sun arose
it melted. But when the sixth day
came they collected a double quan-
tity of bread, two homers, to each,
and all the heads of families came to
Moses and reported it. When he re-
plied to them; "That is what the
Ever-living commanded, 'You
, shall rest a Holy Rest to the Ever-
living to-morrow. What you have
to bake, bake it, and what you have
to boil, boil it, and all the remainder
keep by you until the morning.' "
So they laid it up until the morn-
\ ing, as Moses commanded, and it did
I not stink and worms were not in it.
Then Moses said, " Eat it to-day, for
to-day is a rest to the Ever-living ;
13
23
l Translated, " What is it ? "— F. F.
69
16-26
EXODUS.
17-i4
— you shall not go out into the field.
26 You shall collect it six days, but the
seventh day is a rest ; you shall not
27 do it then." Yet it happened that on
the seventh day a man went out to
collect, — but he found none.
28 The Ever-living therefore said
to Moses, " Until when shall I
entreat them to observe My com-
29 mands and laws ? Let them see that
the Ever-living has given them the
rest, for He has given to them on the
sixth day bread for two days. Let
each stay at his home. Let none go
out from the camp on the seventh
day."
30 So the People stayed at home on
the seventh day.
31 Thus the House of Israel called it
" Man," 1 and it was like a seed of
coriander, white ; and the taste of it
like cakes and honey.
32 Moses also said, " This is the rule
that the Ever-living commands to
be practised continually, to be kept
for your generations, so that you may
see the bread which I caused you to
eat in the desert, whilst I brought
you out from the land of Mitzer."
33 Therefore Moses said to Aaron ;
" Take a basket, and put into it a
full homer of Mana, and place it
before the presence of the Ever-
living, to preserve for their pos-
34 terity." So as the Ever-living
commanded to Moses, Aaron laid it
up in the presence, as a witness, in
the treasury.
35 And the children of Israel ate the
mana for forty years. Until they
came to the land to rest, they ate the
mana ; until they came to the border
of the land of Canan.2
^Earthing in ©hirst.
17 Afterwards the whole body of the
children of Israel marched from the
2 Desert of Sin by stages at the com-
mand of the Lord, and encamped
in exhaustion, for there was no water
to quench the people's thirst. There
the people contended with Moses,
saying, "Give us water, and quench
our thirst."
Moses, however, replied ; " Why do
you mutiny against me ? Why do
you try the Ever-living ? "
1 " What is it ? "— F. F.
2 36 (But a homer is the tenth part of an
epha) is an old editor's note, not part of the
original text. — F. F.
But the People thirsted then for ;
water, and the People complained
against Moses, and said; "Why did
you bring us out from Mitzer, to kill
us, with our children and cattle, with
thirst?"
Then Moses cried to the Ever-
living, saying; "What shall I do
with these People ? For they are
ready to stone me ! "
But the Ever-living answered
Moses; " Pass along before the face
of the People and take with you the
Magistrates of Israel. Take also in
your hand the rod with which you
struck the river, and march. I will
stand before your face there at the
Rock in the Waste, and you shall
strike upon the rock, and water shall
come out from it, and quench the
people."
And Moses did so in sight of
the nobles of Israel, and named
the spot "Trial" and "Strife,"1
because of the dispute with the chil-
dren of Israel, and because of their
trial of the Ever-living, saying,
"Does the Ever-living exist with
us, or not? "
©he Jtmakkttea attack Israel.
The Amalekites at this time came 8
with the Rephidites and made war
with Israel. Consequently Moses said 9
to Joshua, " Choose your own men
and go out to fight with the Amalekites
to-morrow, and I will stand on the top
of the hill with the rod of God in my
hand."
Joshua, therefore, did as Moses 10
said to him, and fought with Amalek.
But Moses and Aaron and Hur went
up to the top of the hill ; and when 11
Moses held up his hand, Israel
became victorious, but when he
lowered his hand, Amalek was victor.
So when the hand of Moses became 12
weary, they took a stone and placed
it under him and he rested upon it,
and Aaron and Hur supported his
hand, first one and then the other, so
that his hand was stretched out until
sunset, when Joshua defeated Amalek 13
and his people, by the edge of the
sword.
The Ever-living afterwards said 14
to Moses ; " Write this and record it
in a book, and instruct Joshua that I
1 Masah and Meribah.
7°
17-i5
EXODUS.
I8—23
will blot the memory of Amalek from
under the skies."
15 Moses then built an altar, and
called its name " The Throne of the
16 Ever-living," 1 and he said;—
"With the hand upon the throne
of Jacob,
Fight Amalek for the Lord from
age to age ! "
letljro meets iilnses.
18 When Jethro, the priest of Midian,
the father-in-law of Moses, heard all
that God had done for Moses, and
for Israel, His People ;— how the
Ever-living had led Israel out of
2 Mitzer, — then Jethro, the father-in-
law of Moses, took Zifora, the wife
of Moses, who had sent her back,
3 and her two sons,— (the name of the
first was Gershom, for he said, " I
have been a stranger in a strange
4 land, — and the name of the other
Aeliazer, — ' ' For the God of my fathers
has been a comfort and refuge to me
5 from the sword of Pharoh ; ") — so
Jethro, the father-in-law of Moses,
brought his two sons and his wife to
Moses in the desert, where the Mount
6 of God is. And he said to Moses, " I,
Jethro, your father-in-law, have come
to you with your wife and two sons
with me."
7 Then Moses went out to meet his
father-in-law, and bowed to him
and kissed him, and they mutually
enquired after their health. Then
8 they came to the tent. Moses there
related to his father-in-law all that
the Ever-living had done to
Pharoh and to the Mitzeraim on
account of Israel; — all the troubles
which met them on the road, and
how the Ever-livixg delivered
9 them. And Jethro was glad at all
the good which the Ever-living
had done to Israel, and His redemp-
tion of them from the hand of the
10 Mitzeraim. So Jethro said, " Bless
the Ever-living Who has delivered
you from the hand of the Mitzeraim
and from the hand of Pharoh, and
Who has delivered this People from
under the hand of the Mitzerites.
11 Now you can perceive how much
greater the Ever-living is, than
all their Gods, by the events with
which He overwhelmed them."
12 Then Jethro, the father-in-law of
1 Yohvah Nisi.
Moses, took burnt offerings and
sacrifices to God, and Aaron and all
the nobles of Israel came and dined
with the father-in-law of Moses before
God.i
iH0scs aomhtistrrimt jlusticc.
The next day, however, Moses sat 13
to administer justice to the People,
and Moses remained from morning
to evening. And the father-in-law of 14
Moses saw all that he did for the
People, and said ; " What is this
business that you do for the
People ? Why do you sit alone, and
all the People standing before you
from morn till night ? "
When Moses replied to his father- 15
in-law ; " Because all the People
come to me to enquire of the Ever-
living. Whoever among them has 16
a dispute comes to me and I decide
between man and man, and I make
known the decision ofGOD, and His
laws."
Aoiricc 01 j(etljr0 011 it.
But the father-in-law of Moses 17
answered him; "The practice that
you follow is riot good. You are not 18
prudent, nor are this people who are
with you ; for their affairs are more
than you are able to bear alone.
Therefore listen to my voice. I will 19
advise you, and GOD will be with you.
Let now the People appear before
God, and bring their affairs to God,
and instruct them in the decisions of 20
His laws, and inform them the way
they should walk in, and the acts
they should do. Also choose for 21
yourself, from all the People, strong
men, who fear God and hate bribes,
and place over them as chiefs of
thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs
of fifties and chiefs of tens, and let 22
them judge the People at all times,
and let only all the great affairs be
brought to you, but let them judge all
the little matters, and thus ease your-
self,— for they load you.
" If you do this and God confirms it, 23
then you can appoint it, and all these
people can arrange their affairs with
ease."
1 V. 12. It is evident from this record that
the exile of Moses in Arabia had been a period
of spiritual education under Jethro, and that
the Arabs had preserved the Faith of Abraham
in greater purity than the Egyptised Hebrews.
— F. F.
71
l8-24
EXODUS.
19—23
24 Moses, consequently, listened to
the suggestion of his father-in-law,
25 and did all that he said. Moses
therefore chose strong men from all
Israel, and placed them as heads over
the people ; chiefs of thousands and
chiefs of hundreds and chiefs of tens,
26 and they judged the people at all
times in their affairs ; — bringing the
difficult matters to Moses, — but in the
small affairs they decided for them-
selves.
27 Moses afterwards took leave of his
father-in-law who went to his own
country.
HJsrael (Lttibts at £Httat.
19 At the third month from the coming
out of the land of the Mitzeraim, on
that day they came to the desert of
2 Sinai. Then the Rephidim also
marched and came to the desert of
Sinai, and encamped in the desert.
Israel also encamped there near the
hill.
(T)0tr appear* ia iHoDCG.
3 Then Moses went up to God, and
the Ever-living called to him from
the hill saying; — "Say this to the
House of Jacob, and inform the
4 children of Israel, 'You have seen
what I did to the Mitzeraim, and
lifted you on the wings of eagles, and
5 brought you to Me, so now if you will
listen to My voice, and keep My
laws, then you shall be to Me a
peculiar People, more than all the
6 Peoples of the earth. And you shall
be to Me a Royal Priesthood, and a
Holy Nation.' — These are the words
you shall speak to the children of
Israel."
7 Moses consequently went and
assembled the nobles of the People,
and set before them the whole of
these promises as the Ever-living
8 commanded. And all the People
answered at once, and said, "We
will do all the Ever-living com-
mands." Then Moses reported the
declaration of the People to the
Ever-living.
9 And the Ever-living replied to
Moses, " Now I will come to you. In
a cloud of fire I will pass by. The
People shall hear Me talk with you,
and also I will remain with you
always." Then Moses reported the
declaration of the People to the
Ever-living.
When the Ever-living replied to 10
Moses; "Go to the People and
sanctify them to-day, and to-morrow,
and wash their clothes, and on the 1 1
third day let them assemble; for on
the third day the Ever-living will
descend in the sight of all the People
upon Mount Sinai. But you shall 12
keep the people at a distance around,
by ordering, ' Take care that you do
not go up to the Hill, or touch its
skirts. All who touch the Hill shall
die ! Whether a beast or a man, let 13
them not touch it with the hand ! or
they shall be stoned with stones, or
pierced with a dart ; they shall not
live who approach to ascend the
Hill!'"
Consequently Moses descended 14
from the Hill to the People, and
sanctified the people, and they
washed their clothing. And he said, 15
" Restrain yourselves for three days,
not to touch a woman."
(£hc Qtimtc iHanifcGtatton an Sinai.
When the third day came to the 16
day-break, there were voices and
lightnings, and a heavy cloud over
the Hill, and the sound of a powerful
trumpet, so that all the people in the
camp trembled. Then Moses brought 17
out from the camp all the people to
meet God, and stationed them below
the Hill. And the Hill of Sinai smoked 18
all over its surface, when the Ever-
living descended upon it in fire ;
and its smoke went up like the smoke
of a smelting furnace, and the whole
hill trembled greatly; and there was 19
the continuous sound of a trumpet ;
but Moses very boldly spoke, and
God answered him by voice. Then 20
the Ever-living descended on to the
Hill of Sinai, on to the top of the Hill,
and the Ever-living called Moses
to the top of the Hill, and Moses
ascended.
Then the Ever-living said to 21
Moses, " Descend at once to the
People for fear they should break
through to see, and numbers fall
before Me. Let the Priests also who 22
sacrifice to the Ever-living sanctify
themselves, lest the Lord afflict
them."
But Moses replied to the Ever- 23
living ; " The people cannot ascend
the Hill of Sinai, for You commanded
us, saying, ' Go a distance from the
Hill, and sanctify yourselves.' "
72
19—24
EXODUS.
20-26
24 The Ever-living, however, an-
swered him ; " Go ! Descend ! and
return, you, and Aaron with you.
But the Priests, and the people must
not attempt to ascend to the LORD,
lest He afflict them."
25 So Moses descended to the people
and spoke to them.
(Eijc (Dcit CtfrntttrtttDmnttc.
20 Then the Ever-livjng dictated all
these commands, and said ;
Commandment I.
2 "I am your Ever-living God,
Who brought you out from the
Mitzeraim, from the house of bond-
3 age. There shall be no other God to
you, except Myself."
Commandment II.
4 " You shall not make for yourselves
any image, or likeness of anything
that is in the heavens above ; or that
is upon the earth beneath ; or that is
in the waters lower than the earth ;
5 you shall not worship them or serve
them, for I, your Ever-living God,
am a jealous God, visiting the sins of
the fathers upon the children to the
third and fourth generation of those
6 who hate Me ; but I show mercy for
thousands, to those who love Me and
keep My commandments.
Commandment III.
7 " You shall not take the Name of
your Ever-living God in vain, for
the Lord will not hold guiltless the
taking of His Name in vain.
Commandment IV.
8 " Remember the seventh day to
9 keep it holy. Six days you may
10 labour, and do all your business, but
the seventh day is a Rest to your
Ever-living God. You shall not
then do any business, you, or your
son, or your daughter, your man-
servant, or your maid-servant, or your
cattle, or your stranger who is within
11 your gates; for in six periods the
Ever-living made the heavens and
the earth, the sea and all that is in
them, but rested at the seventh
period ; therefore the Ever-living
blessed the seventh period and
hallowed it.
Commandment V.
12 " Honour your father and your
mother, that your days may be long
in the land which the Ever-living
God will give to you.
Commandment VI.
" You shall not murder. 1 3
Commandment VII.
" You shall not commit adultery. 14
Commandment VIII.
"You shall not steal. 15
Commandment IX.
" You shall not bear false witness 16
against your neighbour.
Commandment X.
"You shall not covet your neigh- 17
hour's house ; you shall not covet
your neighbour's wife ; or his man-
servant, or his maid-servant, or his ox,
or his ass, or anything that is your
neighbour's."
ttTlje uTcrror 0f Israel.
And all the People perceived the iS
sounds and the flamings, and the
trumpet voice, and the smoke
from the mountain ; — so the people
feared and shook in themselves, and
stood at a distance, and said to Moses, 19
" You speak with us, and we can
listen : but let not God speak with
us, for fear we should die."
Moses, however, answered to the 20
People, " Fear not ! for God has come
to you to try you, and to test whether
you will fear Him henceforward, and
not sin."
So the People stood afar off, but 21
Moses approached the thick darkness
where God was.
Then the Ever-living said to 22
Moses ; " Say this to the children of
Israel, you have seen that from the
heavens I have spoken with you.
Never make for yourselves a God of 23
silver, or a God of gold. You shall
not make them for yourselves. You 24
shall make an altar of earth for Me,
and you shall offer upon it your
sacrifices and your thank offerings,
your sheep, and your oxen. In even-
place where I record My Name, I
will come to you and bless you. But 25
if you make an altar of stone to Me,
it shall not be of cut stones, for if
you carve with a cutter upon it, then
it will be polluted. And you shall not 26
pile up pyramids for an altar so that
73
21
EXODUS.
21-33
your nakedness may not be dis-
covered when you go up to it."
Win fain oi Social fife.
21 ' ' Now these are the decrees which
2 you shall put before them : A servant
shall serve six years' servitude, and in
the seventh he shall go out to free-
3 dom. If he is single, he shall go out
single ; if he has a wife, his wife shall
4 go out with him. But if his master has
given him a wife, and she has borne
sons or daughters to him, the wife
and her children which she has borne
shall belong to the master, and he
5 shall go away single. If, however,
the servant says, ' I like my master,
my wife, and my children,' he shall.
6 not go into freedom ; but his master
shall present him to the magistrates,
and station him at the door, or at the
door-posts, and his master shall pierce
his ear with an awl, and he shall
serve continuously.
~§ai\3 of IHarrtagc.
7 " If a man sells his daughter to be
a mother, she should not go as if
8 going into slavery. If she is not
pleasing in the eyes of her master,
when he has not known her, then he
shall free her to her own people with-
out a payment ; he shall not have
power to sell her because of his
g treachery to her. But if she has
borne a child to him, then he shall
treat her according to the law about
wives.
io " If he takes another to her, he
shall not diminish her share for
ii clothing, and conjugal rights. And
if a third to these, he shall not send
her away destitute, without money."
fahi oi iltitrfln-.
12 "Whoever assails a man and he
13 dies ; — He shall be put to death. But
if he did not lie in wait, but his
stroke came from God, then you
shall provide a place where he may
14 fly. If, however, a man plans against
his neighbour to murder him ; then
you shall take him from My altar to
kill him.
15 " And whoever assaults his father
or his mother ; He shall be killed.
16 "Whoever steals a man and sells
him ; when he is caught he shall be
put to death.
" Whoever curses his father or 17
mother ; he shall be put to death.
" And when men contend, and a iS
man assaults his neighbour with a
stone or a clod, but he does not die,
yet is reduced to his bed, if he re- 19
covers and can walk out upon his
crutch, and he escapes from the
injury, except his loss of time, he
shall be compensated, and the phy-
sician paid for his cure.
" And if a man strikes his slave, or 20
his maid-servant, with his stick and
he dies under his hand, they shall be
avenged. Yet if these continue a 21
day, or some days, they shall not be
avenged, for they were his property.
" And when two persons quarrel, 22
and they strike a pregnant woman,
and her child comes out, and mis-
chief does not ensue ; he shall be
fined, according to what is laid upon
him to compensate the woman, and
that shall be fixed by the judges.
But if mischief ensues, you shall 23
inflict life for life : eye for eye ; tooth 24
for tooth ; hand for hand ; foot for
foot : mark for mark : mutilation for 25
mutilation : wound for wound : blow
for blow.
" And if any man strikes his slave 26
in the eye, so that his eye becomes
blind, he shall let him go free instead
of his eye.
" And if a tooth from his slave, so 27
that the tooth is destroyed, in com-
pensation he shall set him free,
instead of his tooth.
" And if a bullock butts a man and 28
the man dies, you shall stone the
bullock, and not eat of its flesh, but
destroy the bullock for nothing. But 29
if the bullock were accustomed to
butt formerly, and his owner knew it,
and did not guard it, and it kills a
man, or a woman, the bullock shall
be stoned and the owner put to
death.
" But if a fine is laid upon him, -he 30
shall pay it, and his life be free from
all, because of the fine laid upon
him. Whether a man or a woman 31
is butted, it shall be done according
to this decree.
" If a slave man or woman is butted 32
by a bullock, thirty shekels of silver
shall be given to their master, and the
bullock be stoned.
pafars of JUriocttts ana (Lljefts.
"And if a man opens a well, or ^3
dies a well, and does not cover it,
74
21-34
EXODUS.
22—29
and an ox or an ass shall fall into
it, because of the well he shall pay
a money fine to its owner, and the
dead shall be his.
34 " And if the bullock of a man gores
the bullock of his neighbour, and it
dies, then they shall sell the living
bullock, and divide the money, and
35 they shall also divide the dead. But
if its master know that the bullock
gored formerly, and he did not
guard it, he shall compensate with
a bullock for the bullock, and the
dead shall be to him.
36 "If a man steals a bullock or a
sheep, and slaughters it, or sells it,
he shall compensate with five bullocks
in place of the ox, or four sheep in
place of the sheep.
22 " If a thief is found breaking in,
and is struck and dies ; there is not
2 blood-guilt for him. If the sun was
shining on him, he may redeem his
blood. If he has nothing then he
shall be sold for stealing.
3 " If you find his theft in his hand,
as a bullock, or an ass, or sheep,
alive, he shall be fined by two.
©lj£ ^aixss nf |3r0prrtn.
4 "If the farm or vineyard of a man is
burnt, and ruffians from his village
burn his farm, or part of his farm, or
a part of his vineyard, it shall be
compensated.
5 "If you make a fire, and it fires
the bushes, and consumes the stand-
ing corn, or a homestead, or a farm ;
it shall be compensated from the
burner to the burnt.
6 " Whoever places with his neigh-
bour money or goods as trustee, and
they are stolen upon the premises of
that person, if the thief is discovered
7 he shall repay twice as much. If
the thief is not found, then the master
of the premises shall approach the
House of God and swear he has not
put his hand upon the property of
8 his neighbour ; upon anything lost,
upon ox, or ass, or sheep, or clothing,
or anything strayed, and shall say
that as a witness to God, he brings
twice as much as was lost to God.
He shall recompense his neighbour
double.
9 " If a man entrusts to his neighbour
an ass, or ox, or sheep, or any cattle,
to take care of, and it dies or is torn,
10 or tears, out of his sight, there shall
be an oath to the Lord between the
two, that he has not put his hand
upon the property of his neighbour,
and its owner shall take it, and not
be compensated. But if it has been 11
stolen from him, he shall compensate
its owner. If it is torn he shall bring 12
the torn pieces as a proof. He shall
not compensate.
" And if a man hires it of his neigh- 13
bour, and it is broken or dies, and its
owner is not with it, he shall be com-
pensated. If its owner is with it, he 14
shall not be compensated ; if it was
hired, he went for the wages.
ICaius of iltoralitn.
" And if a man seduces a girl who 15
has not been betrothed to him, and
lies with her so that she conceives,
she shall be his wife. But if her 16
father is unwilling to give her to him,
he shall pay money as a dowry for
the girl. She shall not live as a slave. 17
" Whoever lies with a beast shall 18
be put to death.
" Xo sacrifice shall be burnt to gods, 19
except to the Ever-living only.
" You shall not persecute or oppress 20
foreigners ; for you were foreigners
in the land of the Mitzeraim.
"You shall not annoy any widow or 21
orphan. If you wrong them, so that 22
they cry to me, I shall hear their cry,
and My anger will burn, and I will 23
slay you by the sword, and your
own wives shall be widows, and your
own children orphans.
" If you lend money to My People, 24
My poor among you ; you shall not
be to them like a usurer. You shall
not put upon them usury. If your 25
neighbour deposits with you as a
pledge a garment, at the setting of
the sun you shall return it to him ;
for it is his only covering with which 26
he clothes his body, in which he lies
clown ; and it may be he will cry
to Me, when I will hear, for I am
merciful.
(The |Eafarj6 of llcumncc toiuarOo (Oofi.
" You shall not blaspheme God, and 27
shall not curse the princes of your
nation.
" You shall not delay to give to Me 2S
the first produce of your farm, and
vineyard. You shall do the same 29
with your cow, and your sheep. It
shall be seven days with its mother,
and on the seventh day you shall
give it to Me.
75
22— 3o
EXODUS.
23—28
30 " As you shall be holy men to Me,
you shall not eat of torn flesh, that
has been torn in the field. You must
throw it to the dogs.
23 " You shall not make a false oath.
You shall not set your hand to com-
mit fraud. You shall not be a false
witness.
2 " You shall not go with the power-
ful to do wrong; and you shall not
plead for the powerful to make excuse
3 for their wrong-doing. And you shall
not turn away from the poor man
when he pleads.
4 " When you meet with the cow,
or ass of your enemy straying, you
shall take it back to him.
5 "When you see the ass of your
enemy fallen under its load, and you
can ease and free it for him, you shall
help to free it with him.
6 " You shall not pervert justice from
the destitute when he pleads.
7 " Keep far off from false pretence.
You shall not kill the innocent, and
the righteous, for I will not acquit
8 the wicked. And you shall not
receive bribes, for bribes blind open
eyes, and pervert the words of the
righteous.
9 " And you shall not oppress a
foreigner, for you know the feelings
of a foreigner ; since you were foreign-
ers in the land of the Mitzeraim.
ICnlus 0C J\0riruitur£.
10 " For six years you shall sow the
11 earth, and gather its produce, but in
the seventh you shall manure it, and
spread it out, and the destitute of
your people shall eat, and the rest
the animals of the field shall eat.
You shall do the same with your
12 vineyards and olive plantations. Six
days you shall do all your business,
but the seventh day you shall rest, so
that your ox and your ass may take
comfort, and your servants and
foreigners refresh themselves.
13 " And all that I say to you you
shall regard ; for you shall not re-
member a name of other Gods, and
it shall not be heard from your mouth.
4talus nboui ^acreu 3fcstibab.
14 "Three times in a year you shall
make a festival to Me.
15 " The feast of unfermented bread x
you shall keep for seven days. You
shall eat biscuits, as I commanded
you, at the season of the month of
harvest,1 for in it you came out of
Mitzer, and you did not see My
presence in vain.
"And you shall make the feast of 16
the first-fruits of harvest, when you
sow in the field ; and the feast of
harvest-home at the end of the year
when you gather in your produce
from the fields.
"Three times in the year all your 17
men shall come before Me, the
Almighty Lord.
"You shall not sacrifice with fer- 18
mented bread a blood-sacrifice to Me ;
and the fat of My feast shall not be
kept till the morning.
" The best of the first-fruits of your 19
ground you shall bring to the hand of
your Ever-living God.
" You shall not boil a kid in its
mother's milk.
"Then I will send My Messenger 20
before your face to guard you in your
way, and to bring you to the place
where I will fix you. Regard his 21
presence, and listen to his voice.
Grieve him not, that he may not rise
to punish you, for My Power is
around him. But if you listen to 22
his voice, and do all that I shall
command, then I will love you, but I
will distress your distressers. For 23
My Messenger shall march before
you, and bring you to the Amorites,
and the Hitites, and the Perizites,
and the Cananites, and the Hivites,
and the Jebusites, and destroy them.
IJrnljtliitton of ^1a0attism anil
Soolatrn.
" You shall not worship their Gods, 24
and not serve them, and you shall
not make like them, but you shall
destroy, and you shall break their
pillars ; and you shall serve your 25
Ever-living God, and He will bless
your bread, and your water, and will
turn war away from around you.
You shall not be childless, and 26
sterile in your land. You shall fulfil
your days.
}.1r0mtc;£5 I0 the Jfaitljful.
" I will send My terror before your 27
face, and will terrify every Nation
when you arrive at them; and I will
make all your enemies to turn their
back to you. And I will send the 28
1 Biscuits.
1 Abib.
70
23—29
EXODUS.
25
-S
Destroyer before you, and drive out
the Hitites and the Cananites and
the Hivites from before your ap-
29 proach. I will not drive them away
in a year from before you, lest the
earth should become waste, and the
beasts of the field should increase
30 upon you. I will drive them out
little by little before you, until you
multiply and can inherit the country.
31 And your two boundaries shall be
from the Sea of Weeds at the Sea
of Philistia through the desert to
the River,1 which I will give to your
hand, and I will drive the inhabitants
of the country from before you.
32 You shall not make a treaty with
them, or a covenant with their Gods.
33 They shall not reside in your land,
for fear they would cause you to sin
against Me, so that you would serve
their Gods, for I am the Ever-livixg,
for you to reverence."
iitoors ana Aaratt antr tlj£ ^princes
asc£tttJ §>htai.
24 Then it was commanded to Moses ;
" Go up to the Lord, you and Aaron,
Nadab and Abihu, and seventy of the
princes of Israel, and let them worship
2 at a distance. But Moses shall
approach alone to the Ever-livixg ;
for they must not approach, nor the
people go up with him."
3 So Moses went and reported to the
people the whole of the commands
of the Ever-living, and the whole
of His decrees ; when all the people
answered with one voice, and said ;
" All the commands which the Ever-
living commands, we will do."
iH05£5 maros tljcac iCalus.
4 Moses afterwards wrote down all
the commands of the Lord and arose
in the morning, and built an altar
under the hill, and twelve pillars for
5 the twelve tribes of Israel. And he
commissioned representatives of the
children of Israel who went out and
offered burnt offerings, and sacrificed
peace-offerings to the Ever-livixg.
6 Moses also took part of the blood
and put it in basins, and part of the
blood he sprinkled upon the altar.
7 Then he took the book of the Cove-
nant, and read it in the hearing of
the People, and they said; " All that
the Ever-livixg has commanded,
we will do and listen to."
1 Euphrates.
Moses consequently took the blood 8
and sprinkled it upon the People,
and said, " This is the blood of the
Covenant which the EVER-LIVING
has settled with you, in all these
commands."
(Tljr (i*ljirfo aszmb ^tnat.
Afterwards Moses, Aaron, Nadab, 9
and Abihu, and the seventy princes
of Israel went up, and saw the God 10
of Israel, and under His feet was like
the dazzle of sapphire stones, and the
splendour of the clear sun ; but upon 11
the nobles of the children of Israel,
He did not extend His hand. They
however gazed upon God ; and they
ate and drank.
ilt05£5 rallrtf tn §htai.
Then the Ever-livixg said to 12
Moses ; " Come up to the mountain
to Me, and stay there, and I will give
you stone slabs, with the Laws and
Commandments which I have written
for your instruction."
Therefore Moses arose with Joshua 13
his attendant, and Moses went up
the mount to God. But the princes 14
said, " Let us remain here, until you
return to us, and also Aaron and Hur
with us, — Why should the words of
the Ever-livixg come to us ? "
Consequently Moses ascended the 15
hill, and a cloud covered the hill, 16
and the splendour of the Ever-
livixg rested upon the hill of Sinai ;
and the cloud covered it six days.
Then He called to Moses on the
seventh day out of the cloud, and the 17
glory of the Ever-living appeared
like a consuming fire on the head of
the mountain to the eyes of the
children of Israel.
Moses, therefore, went into the IS
midst of the cloud, and ascended
the hill. And Moses was upon the
hill forty days and forty nights.
(Tljt Srt5tritctt0tt5 an ^inat.
There the Ever-livixg spoke to 5
Moses and said, "Tell the children
of Israel that they must bring offer-
ings to Me. From anything their
heart induces them, they may offer.
And these are the offerings they may 2
offer for themselves, gold, silver, and
brass, and blue, and purple, and 4
scarlet, and red ; spun goats' hair,
and red ram skins, and badgers' skins,
and acacia wood ; oil for the light for 6
the lamps, with oil to anoint, and
incense to perfume ; and make for 8
77
25-g
EXODUS.
26
23
Me a Sanctuary, and I will dwell
amongst them. Exactly according to
the pattern I have shown you, you
shall form the dwelling, and form all
its furniture, — thus you shall make it.
"You shall also make an ark of
acacia wood, of two cubits and a half
long and two cubits and a half
breadth, and a cubit and a half high,
and you shall plate it with pure gold
inside and out, and wreathe and make
a border of gold around it. You shall
also cast rings of pure gold, and
place on the four corners of it. That
is, two rings on one side of it, and
two rings on the other side of it.
And you shall make staves of acacia
wood, and plate them with gold, and
put the staves into the rings on the
sides of the ark, to carry the ark by
them. The staves shall remain in
the rings ; — they shall not be removed
from them. You shall then put into
the ark the evidences that I will give
to you. You shall also make a cover
of pure gold of two cubits in length
and a cubit and a half in breadth.
You shall besides make two covers of
gold, shaped as dishes, in two divisions
for the covers. Make the cases
thus ; — one for each side, and a kerub
for that division of the cover. You
shall make it with kerubim upon the
two divisions. Thus the kerubim
will be stretching their wings as over-
shadowing the covers with their wings
with the wings of each towards his
brother over the covers. The kerubim
shall be face to face.
"Then you shall place the covers
upon the top of the ark, and you shall
put into the ark the evidences that
I will give to you. Then I will instruct
you there, and I will speak to you
from off the covers, from between the
two kerubim, which are upon the
ark, all that I command you for the
children of Israel.
"You shall also make a table of
acacia wood, two cubits long and a
cubit broad, and a cubit and a half
high, and plate it with pure gold, and
make a border of gold around it.
Construct thus a border like a coping
around it, and make points of gold
upon the surrounding border. Also
make for it four staves of gold, and
put the staves in the four sockets
which are above the legs. These
four sockets shall be above the border,
for the staves to carry the table by.
So you shall make the staves of
acacia wood, and plate them with
gold, to carry the table. You shall 29
also make dishes, and spoons, and
bowls, and the cups in which the
wine is, of pure gold, and place upon 30
the table the shewbread before Me
continually.
" You shall also make lamps of 31
pure gold. Make the lamp with
spreading branches, with a stalk
rising upwards like a blossom, with a
bowl on it. Let there be six stalks 32
going from the sides of it. Three
stalks for lamps on one side of it,
and three stalks for lamps on the
other side of it. Three nobs with 33
almonds on each stalk, a flower and
a bowl ; the same for each of the
three stalks that are provided for the
lamps, and for the fourth lamp a 34
nob with an almond, a nob and a
bowl, and a nob under two of the stalks
between them, and a nob under two 35
of the stalks between them, and a
nob under two of the stalks between
them, for the six branches that come
from the lamp. The nobs and the 36
stalks between them shall be, all of
them, each one, turned from pure gold.
"You shall also make seven re- 37
flectors to throw the light in front of
themselves. And dishes and snuffers 38
of pure gold. You shall use a talent l 39
of pure gold for it, and all its instru-
ments. And be careful to make them 40
according to the pattern I showed
you on the mountain.
" You shall also make for the tent 26
ten curtains of twisted linen, and
azure, purple, and blue, ornamented
artistically with two kerubs. The 2
width of each curtain shall be
eighteen cubits, and the height of
it four cubits. The extent of each
curtain shall be the same to all the
curtains. Two curtains shall be 3
attached one to the other ; and five
curtains attached one to the other.
You shall also make loops of azure 4
on the edge of each of the curtains
in the selvage to join them ; and make 5
the same in the selvage of the two
curtains to join them. Make five
loops to each curtain : thus make
five loops on the selvage of the two
curtains that are joined by the opposite
loops to the first one. And make five 6
golden hooks to unite the curtains,
1 £5475 sterling, at £4 per oz. But the pur-
chasing power of gold was at that period at
Last forty or fifty times what it is now. — F. F.
7*
26-
EXODUS.
27
each to the other by hooks, so that
they may be one tent.
7 "Also make curtains of goat-skin
as a covering for the first tent. Make
8 eleven curtains of them. The length
of the first curtain to be thirty cubits,
and the breadth four cubits. Make
each one of the eleven curtains the
9 same. Then join five of the curtains
together, and six curtains together,
for the doublings of the sixth curtain
io in the front of the tent. You shall
also make fifty loops upon the edge
of the first curtain, upon the selvage
at the juncture ; and fifty loops upon
1 1 the edge of the second curtain. And
make hooks for the loops and unite
them for the pavilion and let it be
12 one. But part of the curtains must
hang down from the roof of the
pavilion ; half the curtains of the
roof you shall hang over the back
13 part of the tent, with a cubit on this
side, and a cubit on that side, for the
fold in the length of the curtains of
the pavilion shall hang down over
the sides of the tent on this side,
14 and that side, to conceal it. You shall
in addition, make a covering to the
tent of red ram skins ; and a cover-
ing of skins of badgers all over it.
15 " You also make the boards of the
Sanctuary of acacia wood, planed ;
ten cubits the length of each board,
and a cubit and a half the breadth of
16 each plank. You shall set clasps
upon the first plank at the edges of
17 each of its counterparts. You shall
do the same to all the planks of the
18 Sanctuary. And make the planks for
the Sanctuary twenty planks for the
19 face to the right ; with forty sockets
of silver to fix under the twenty
planks. Two sockets under each
plank to fix the clutches into.
20 "And upon the second side of the
Sanctuary, to face the north, twenty
planks, and forty sockets of silver,
two sockets under each plank, and
two clutches under each plank.
22 " And to the breadth of the Sanc-
tuary, westward, you shall make six
23 planks, with two planks made for a
24 corner of the Sanctuary at its lengths.
And there shall be rings to fasten them:
for the one shall have a ring on the
top of it, to meet the ring of the
other. This shall be for the two
25 corners : that is eight planks, with
their sockets of silver ; sixteen
sockets ; two sockets for each plank.
26 " Make also cross-bars of acacia
wood, five to a plank at one side of
the Sanctuary ; and five cross-bars 27
for the second side of the Sanctuary ;
and five cross-bars to the planks at
the side of the Sanctuary stretching
west ; and fix the cross-bars in the
middle of the planks, with bolts from
one junction to the other junction.
And overlay the planks and their 29
rings with gold. Make also of gold,
rests for the cross-bars, and plate
the cross-bars with gold. And erect 30
the Sanctuary according to the plan
I showed you in the mount.
" Make besides a veil of azure, and 31
purple and blue, and red, and twisted
linen. Ornament it with an em-
broidery of kerubim, and place it 32
upon four supports of acacia, over-
layed with gold, with pins of gold,
upon four sockets of silver. And 33
hang the veil below the hooks, and
bring there, within the veil to the
Holy of Holies, the Ark of the
Witnesses. Then put the covers upon 34
the ark in the Holy of Holies. And 35
place the table outside the veil, and
put the lamp upon the table at the
south side of the Sanctuary, and
place the table towards the north side.
" Then make a skreen for the door 36
of the tent ; of azure and purple, and
blue, and have it embroidered with
spun flax. Also make five standards 37
of acacia for the skreen, and plate
them with gold, and have pins of gold,
and cast for them five sockets of
brass.
" Make besides an altar of acacia 27
wood, five cubits long and five cubits
broad. The altar shall be square,
and its height three cubits. And 2
make horns to it upon its four sides.
The horns shall project from it. You
shall also sheathe it in brass. And 3
make buckets for the ashes, and
shovels, and brushes, and tongs.
Make all its instruments of brass.
Make also a net like a lattice of brass, 4
and form on the network four pro-
jections of brass, on its four corners,
and fix it below the fire-place of the
altar by its projections, so that the
grating may be in the centre of the
altar.
"Make also staves for the altar, 6
staves of acacia wood, and plate them
with brass ; so that the staves may go 7
into projections, and let the staves be
upon the two sides of the altar, to
carry it by. Make it with hollow 8
panels such as were shown to you in
79
27
EXODUS.
28 -20
the mountain. You shall make them
the same.
Wovm oi the ^anrtunrn.
9 " Make the court of the Sanctuary
to face towards the south. The cur-
tains of the court of spun linen, one
hundred cubits in length on one face,
10 with twenty standards, and twenty
sockets, of brass, with spikes to the
standards, and hooks of silver.
11 "And then on the length of the north
side one hundred cubits of curtains,
and twenty standards, with their
twenty sockets of brass, with spikes
for the standards, and hooks of
silver.
12 " Let the breadth of the court to face
the west be fifty cubits of curtains,
ten standards, and ten sockets.
13 " And the breadth of the court to
face the east, towards the sun-rise,
fifty cubits, with fifteen cubits of cur-
tains to the gateway, with three
standards, and three sockets. And
from the other shoulder fifteen cubits
with three standards, and three
16 sockets. But for the gate of the
court let there be a mask of twenty
cubits, made of azure, and purple,
and crimson, and blue, and red, and
embroidered spun linen, with four
17 standards and four sockets. All the
standards around the court shall have
silver connecting rods and pins of
iS silver, and sockets of brass. The
length of the court a hundred cubits,
and the breadth fifty by fifty : and
the height five cubits of spun linen
19 with standards of brass ; with all the
furniture of the Sanctuary, and all
the service, and all its nails, and
all the nails of the court of brass.
20 "You shall further command the
children of Israel that they must
bring to you pure pressed olive oil for
21 the lamps, for a continual offering, in
the pavilion of the Testimony, outside
the veil which is over the evidences,
providing it for Aaron and his sons
to serve till the morning before the
EVER-LIVING, as an everlasting insti-
tution for their descendants, among
the children of Israel.
(Tijc Ittstiittiiott oi a ^viisDjaaii.
28 " And you shall separate to yourself
Aaron your brother, and his sons with
him from among the children of Israel,
to be Priests to Me : Aaron. Nadab,
and Abihu, Eiliazar, and Aithamar,
the sons of Aaron. Also make sacred 2
robes for Aaron, your brother, to
honour and beautify him. And speak 3
to all the skilful-minded, who have a
skilful intellect, that they should make
those robes for Aaron, to consecrate
him as a Priest to Me. And these 4
are the robes which they shall make ;
a breastplate, and ephod, and a cloak,
and a cape of embroidery ; with a
turban and girdle. — These are the
sacred robes to be made for Aaron
your brother, and for his sons, as
Priest to Me.
"They must also bring gold and 5
azure, and purple, and blue, and red,
and thread.
"Make the ephod of gold, azure, 6
purple, blue, red, and spun linen
embroidery. The two shoulder pieces 7
shall be joined to it on the two sides,
and fastened ; and the embroidery, S
which they work upon the ephod,
shall be of gold, azure, and purple,
and blue, red, and spun flax. Then 9
you shall take two onyx stones and
engrave upon them the names of the
sons of Israel ; six of their names 10
upon one stone, and the names of
the other six of them upon the second
stone, in order of their birth. You 11
shall make the engraving like a seal.
Having engraved the two stones with
the names of the sons of Israel, you
shall cause them to be surrounded
with settings of gold ; and set the two 12
stones upon the two shoulders of the
ephod, as stones of remembrance
for the sons of Israel, and Aaron shall '
carry their names before the Ever-
living upon his two shoulders for a
remembrance.
" Make, as well, settings of gold, 13
and two chains of pure gold. Make 14
them with edgings, as a wreath is
made, and fix the chains on to the
settings.
" Also make a breastplate of Justice, 15
of embroidery like the ephod. Make
it of gold, azure, and purple, and
blue, red, and spun linen combined.
It shall be square ; a double span long, 16
and a span wide, with settings in it : 17
a setting of four stones in a row.
" A ruby, a topaz, and a diamond
for the first row.
" The second row, an emerald, a iS
sapphire, a jasper.
"The third row, a ligure, an agate, 19
and an amethyst.
"The fourth row, an amber, an 20
onyx and pearl.
So
28-2i
EXODUS.
29-6
"They shall be in settings of gold
with their fastenings : and the stones
shall have the names of the twelve
sons of Israel, their names engraven
like a seal ; each shall have one name
of the twelve tribes.
" Also make for the breastplate
linked chains, of pnre gold, as a
wreath. Also make for the breast-
plate two buttons of gold, and fix the
two buttons on the two edges of the
breastplate, and fix the two wreaths
of gold upon the two buttons at the
edges of the breastplate, and the two
ends of the two wreaths you shall
fasten on to the two settings, and put
them upon the shoulders of the ephod,
upon its front face.
" Also make two buttons of gold,
and place them on the two sides of
the breastplate, upon its edges, where
the ephod turns over to its inside.
Besides, you shall make buttons of
gold and fix them upon the two
shoulders of the ephod , extending
from the front of it to the juncture at
the top of the girdle of the ephod,
and shall bind on the breastplate by
its button to the hook of the ephod,
so that the breastplate shall not fall
from off the ephod. Thus Aaron
will carry the names of the sons of
Israel, upon the breastplate of justice,
upon his heart, when he goes to the
Sanctuary, as a remembrance before
God continually.
" Also fix on to the breastplate the
Urim and Thumim,1 so that they
may be over the heart of Aaron when
he goes before the Ever-living, and
Aaron shall carry justice for the
children of Israel before the Ever-
living continually.
" Also make for the cape of the
ephod loops of azure, and let there be
eyelets at the middle of the edge ; at
the seam around it, made like the
weaving for the eyelets of a coat of
mail, so as not to tear away.
"Also make upon the hem pome-
granates of azure, and purple, and
blue, and red, on the hems around,
and bells of gold beside them around ;
a bell of gold and a pomegranate, upon
the hem of the cape around. And
they shall be upon Aaron when
ministering, so that their sound may
be heard at his going into the
1 " Light and Truth " is the meaning when
translated, the lesson of which I need not dwell
upon.— F. F.
29
30
33
81
Sanctuary before the EVER-LIVING,
and coming from Him, so that he
may not die.
" Make also a Flower of pure gold, 36
and engrave upon it like the engrav-
ing of a seal, ' Holiness to the Lord,'
and fasten to it an azure cord, that it 37
may be held upon the turban, in the
front of the turban, and be above the 38
brow of Aaron, so that Aaron may
carry their weaknesses to the Sanc-
tuaries when he sanctifies the children
of Israel, sanctifying them with every
offering : so it shall be above his brow
continually, to bring favour to them
from the Ever-living.
" Also embroider a robe of white 39
linen, and make a turban of white
linen, and make an embroidered sash.
" Make also robes for the sons of 40
Aaron ; and make for them sashes,
and make them mitres, to honour and
adorn them. And clothe with them 41
Aaron your brother, and his sons with
them. Then consecrate them, and
put a ring on their hands and sanctify
them, and they shall be My Priests.
Also make drawers for their legs, to 42
cover their naked body from the waist,
and to extend down the thighs. These 43
shall be worn by Aaron and his- sons
when they go into the Tent of the
Congregation, or to clothe them at
the altar, when serving religion, so
that they may not excite passion and
die. This is a perpetual order to him,
and his descendants after him.
(The iHcthoi) of (f mtGm\ithttf }.1ric:.tG.
" And these are the things you shall 29
use in consecrating them to be Priests
to Me :—
" You shall take an heifer from the
cows, and two perfect rams ; and un- 2
fermented bread, and unfermented
cakes mixed with oil ; and then unfer-
mented wafers buttered with oil,
which you shall make of wheaten
flour, and put them in a basket, and 3
offer them in the basket, with the
heifer and the two rams.
"Then Aaron and his sons shall 4
approach the door of the Hall of
Assembly and you shall wash them
with water.
" Next you shall take the garments 5
and clothe Aaron with the robe, and
the cape of the ephod, and the ephod,
and the breastplate, and you shall
invest him with the adjuncts of the
ephod. Then you shall place the 6
G
29-7
EXODUS.
29—37
turban upon his head, and the Crown
of Righteousness upon the turban.
7 "Afterwards take the Oil of Con-
secration and pour it upon his head,
and consecrate him.
8 " Then bring forward his sons and
g clothe them with their robes, and gird
Aaron and his sons with the sashes
and bind the mitres on them, which
shall indicate the priesthood, as a
perpetual institution. Appoint Aaron,
and appoint his sons in this manner.
io " Next you shall bring forward the
heifer before the Hall of Assembly,
and Aaron and his sons shall strike
their hands upon the head of the
ii heifer. Then slay the heifer before
the Ever-living at the door of the
12 Hall of Assembly, and take of the
blood of the heifer and put upon the
horns of the altar with your finger,
and the rest of the blood pour out at
13 the foundation of the altar. Then
take all the fat of the caul of the
bowels, and the caul over the liver,
and two kidneys, and the fat which is
about them, and burn them before
14 the altar. But the flesh of the heifer,
and its skin, and the dung, you shall
burn with fire outside the camp, as a
sin offering.
15 " Then you shall take one of the
rams, and Aaron and his sons shall
strike their hands upon the head of
16 the ram. Afterwards slay the ram,
and take its blood and sprinkle upon
17 the altar all round. But divide the
ram into portions, and wash its en-
trails and its legs, and lay them upon
18 the portions with its head, and burn
all the ram upon the altar. It is a
whole burnt offering to the Ever-
living, it is a sweet odour to the
Ever-living.
19 " Afterwards take the second ram,
and let Aaron and his sons strike
their hands upon the head of the ram.
20 Then slay the ram, and take some of
its blood and put upon the tip of the
right ear of Aaron, and on the tip of
the ears of his sons, and upon the
thumb of their right hands, and upon
the great toe of their feet, and sprinkle
21 the blood all around the altar. Next
take some of the blood which is upon
the altar, and some of the oil of con-
secration, and sprinkle upon Aaron,
and upon his robes, and upon his
sons, and upon their robes with him,
and sanctify him and his robes, and
his sons, and their robes as well.
22 " Afterwards take from the ram the
fat, and the suet ; and the fat of the
caul of the bowels, and the lobe of
the liver, and the two kidneys, and
the fat that is over them, — for it is a
ram of consecration, — and one round 23
loaf of bread ; and one loaf buttered
with oil ; and one thin cake from the
basket of unfermented cakes that are
before the Ever-living, and place 24
the whole on the hands of Aaron and
the hands of his sons, and they shall
wave them before the Ever-living.
Then take them from their hands and 25
burn with incense upon the altar for
a whole offering, as a sweet smell
before the Ever-living. They shall
be for the Ever-living. Next take 26
the breast of the ram of consecration,
which was for Aaron, and you your-
self shall wave it before the Ever-
living, and it shall be to yourself for
a portion. And sanctify the breast of 27
the wave-offering, and the legs of the
wave-offerings which were raised up
from the Ram of Consecration, which
was for Aaron and for his sons, and 28
they shall be for Aaron and his sons
to take always from the children of
Israel ; — a sacrifice of thanks — you
shall raise them to the Ever-living.
" And the sacred robes that are for 29
Aaron shall be for his sons after him
to be consecrated, in, and to serve with
their hands in them. The priests from 30
his sons after him, who come to the
Hall of Assembly for the holy service,
shall be clothed in them seven days.
" Next take the Ram of Consecra- 31
tion and boil its flesh in the holy place,
and Aaron and his sons shall eat the 32
flesh of the ram, and the bread which
was in the basket at the door of the
Hall of Assembly. They shall eat it 33
as a protection to them in the work
of their hands, — in the Sanctuary
alone: and a stranger shall not eat
that holy thing with them. But if 34
there remains any of the flesh of the
consecration, or of the bread until
the morning, you shall burn the
remnants by fire. They shall not be
eaten, because they are holy.
" Do this with Aaron and his sons, 35
exactly as I have commanded. Thus
for seven days you shall fill their
hands, and offer a bullock for a sin 36
offering daily, as a protection for
them, with a sin offering upon the
altar to protect yourself; and you
shall consecrate it to sanctify it. You 37
shall protect for the altar seven days
and sanctify it. Then the altar shall
29—38
EXODUS.
30—21
be holy of holies, all approaching to
the altar shall be sacred.
®Ij* Kihial of tljc Altar.
38 " This is what you shall offer daily
upon the altar, two lambs of a year
39 old, continually. Offer the first lamb
in the morning, and offer the second
40 lamb between the dusks ; with a
tenth of flour mixed with a quarter
of a hin of olive oil, and a quarter
of a hin of wine with the first lamb
as a drink offering.
j] 1 "And offer the second lamb between
the dusks ; like the offering in the
morning, and offer a similar drink
offering with it ; a sweetmeat to the
Ever-living ; as continuous offer-
ings from your posterity before the
Ever-living at the door of the Hall
of Assembly, at the place He indicates
to you, where He will speak to you.
43 For I will show Myself to the children
of Israel, and will sanctify them by
44 My Majesty. Thus you shall sanctify
the Hall of Assembly and the altar
for Me, but I will sanctify Aaron, and
45 his sons to Myself as Priests, and I
will dwell in the midst of the children
46 of Israel, and be their God, and they
shall know that I am the Ever-
living, the God Who brought them
from the land of the Mitzeraim, and
dwell in the midst of them. I am
the Ever-living God.
30 " Make also an altar for incense of
2 acacia wood. It shall be square, a
cubit long and a cubit wide, and two
3 cubits high, from the base of it. And
you shall plate it with pure gold, its
top and its sides all round, and round
its top make battlements of gold.
4 You shall also make two projections
of gold on it, below the battlements.
Make also two golden rings below the
battlements; you shall form them
upon both sides, as sockets for two
5 staves to carry it by. Make the
staves of acacia wood, and plate them
6 with gold. And place it before the
veils which are over the Ark of the
Witnesses; before the veils which are
over the Witnesses that give evidence
to you there.
7 "And Aaron shall offer incense of
spices upon it evening by evening.
He shall burn the incense at the
8 lighting of the lamps. When Aaron's
sons light the lamps between the
dusks, he shall burn the incense per-
petually, before the Ever-living,
9 among your descendants. You shall
not offer upon it scattered incense, or
whole burnt offerings, or gifts ; nor
shall you pour a drink offering upon
it, but Aaron shall expiate once a
year upon its horns with blood ; he
shall expiate upon it with a sin-
offering of expiations once in a year,
for your descendants. It is the Holy
of Holies to the Ever-living."
Clje ICahi at the CFntnuG.
Afterwards the Ever-living spoke 1 1
to Moses, saying : —
" When you take a conscription of 12
the children of Israel, to regiment
them, then each shall give an expia-
tion for his life to the Ever-living
for conscripting them, so that the
LORD may not punish them for con-
scripting. This is the offering for 13
everyone passing to the conscription,
half a shekel, by the sacred shekel,
twelve gheras to the shekel. You
shall offer half a shekel to the Ever-
LIVING. Everyone passing to the 14
conscription, from the age of twenty
years old and upwards, shall give
this offering to the Ever-living.
The rich shall not add, and the poor 15
shall not diminish from the half
shekel, given as an offering to the
Ever-living, as a protection for
their lives. And you shall take the 16
protection money from the children
of Israel and give it to the workers
in the Hall of Assembly, and it shall
be as a remembrance for the children
of Israel before the Ever-living, to
protect their lives."
©Ij£ Apparatus ai tljc (Tabernacle.
Another time the Ever-living 17
spoke to Moses, saying : — ■
" Make a bath of brass, with a base 18
of brass, for washing, and place it
between the Hall of Assembly and
the altar, and put water in it, and 19
Aaron and his sons shall bathe them-
selves in it, both their hands and
their feet. Upon coming into the 20
Hall of Assembly they shall wash with
water, so that they may not die, when
they approach the altar to offer
sweet perfumes to the Ever-living.
They shall wash their hands and 21
their feet, so that they may not die,
and this shall be a perpetual order
to him, and to his descendants, in
their generations."
83
30-22
domooGttton of tlje (Dil of
(Hon serration.
22 Again the Ever-living spoke to
Moses, saying ;
"Now take to you perfumes; of
heads of flowering myrrh five hundred ,
of sweet cinnamon one hundred and
twenty-five ; and of sweet cane one
24 hundred and twenty-five : of sweet
cassia five hundred shekels weighed
by the sacred shekel, and a hin of
25 olive oil, and make from them the
holy consecrating oil ; a compound
of compounds. It shall be a per-
26 fumed Holy Consecrating oil, to
consecrate the Hall of Assembly and
27 the Ark of Witnesses : and the table,
and all the instruments of the altar,
28 and its furniture, and the altar of
incense : and the altar of burnt offer-
ings, and all its furniture ; and the
29 bath, and its appliances. Consecrate
them thus, and they shall be holy.
30 "Consecrate Aaron and his sons,
also. Consecrate them to be priests
to Me.
31 "Then you shall speak to the
children of Israel saying : —
" This is the Holy Oil of Consecra-
tion to Me, in all your generations.
32 It shall not be poured upon a man's
body ; nor shall you make any of
similar ingredients. It is Holy of
Holies for you to the Ever-living.
33 The man who compounds like it, and
whoever puts it upon a foreigner shall
be excommunicated from his people."
(Komwomtu for ^lucr-t ^Joiutirr.
34 The Ever-living also said to
Moses; — "Take to yourself sweet
drops, and scented shell, and sweet
galbanum, and pure frankincense of
35 equal weights, and make of them a
sweet compound, seasoned with pure
36 holy salt, and pound it very fine. Lay
some of it before the witnesses in the
Hall of Assembly, where I will meet
you. It shall be Holy of Holies for you.
37 " And this perfume that you make
by weight they shall not use for them-
selves. It is sacred to you and the
38 Ever-living. The man who uses
it as a personal perfume shall be
excommunicated from his people."
^killro CKilorluurn ^puohttru.
31 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses, saying ;
2 ' ' See I have called by name Bezalal ,
EXODUS.
31—18
the son of Auri, the son of Hor, of
the tribe of Judah. I have also filled 3
him with a divine spirit of skill, and un-
derstanding, and knowledge, and with
constructive ability, and with inven- 4
live genius to work in gold, and silver,
and brass ; and to cut stone for all 5
works, and to cut timber to work for
any purpose. I have also given him 6
Ahaliab the son of Ahisamak of the
tribe of Dan. And I have endowed
him also with intelligence and science,
so that they may construct all I have
commanded you : —
"The Hall of Assembly and the Ark 7
of Witnesses, and the covers which
are upon it, and all the furniture of
the Tabernacle, with the table and 8
its appurtenances, and the lamps of
purity, and all their appliances, and
the altar of incense ; and the altar of 9
burnt offerings, and all its furniture ;
with the bath and its bases ; and the 10
robes for service, and the sacred robes
of Aaron, the priest, and the robesof his
sons to officiate in, besides the oil of 11
consecration and the sweet perfumes,
to sanctify all, as I commanded you."
(Orocr to ilirrp tlj£ ^aoliatlj.
Afterwards the Ever-living spoke 12
to Moses saying : —
" Now speak to the children of
Israel and say, ' Take care and keep
My Sabbaths, for they are a witness
between you and Me in your genera-
tions, that I am the Ever-living Who
sanctifies you. Therefore you shall 14
keep the Rest, for it is sacred to you.
Whoever curses it, he shall die ; and
whoever does work in it, that person
shall be excommunicated from the
community of his people.
" You may do your business upon 15
six days, but on the seventh is the
day of rest; it is a Holy Rest to
the Ever-living. All who do busi-
ness upon the day of Rest, shall die.
" The children of Israel shall keep 16
the Sabbath to make a rest for their
posterity, as an everlasting covenant.
It is a sign between Me and the 17
children of Israel for ever ; for in six
periods the Ever-living made the
solar system and the earth, but upon
the seventh period, He rested and
refreshed."
(Tnblro of the ^Caio rttont to iHoscs.
Then He gave to Moses when He 18
had finished His commands to him
84
32
EXODUS.
32
upon Mount Sinai, two tablets of
stone, with the evidence written by
the finger of God.
%\)t lictifflt.
%[)t Atopic maJu an I&0I.
32 When the People saw that Moses
delayed to descend from the moun-
tain, they called upon Aaron, and
said to him, " Rouse up, and make us
gods who may go before us ! — for as
for this fellow, Moses, who brought us
up out of the land of the Mitzeraim, we
know not what has become of him ! "
2 Then Aaron replied to them, " Pull
off the earrings of gold that are in
the ears of your wives, sons, and
daughters, and bring them to me."
3 All the people pulled off the rings
of gold which were in their ears and
4 brought them to Aaron, and he took
them from their hands, and modelled
for it with a tool, and made a calf by
casting, and said ;
" Israel ! these are your Gods who
brought you up out of the land of the
Mitzeraim."
5 Then Aaron paid it reverence and
built an altar before it. Aaron also
proclaimed and said
" A feast to the Power to-morrow."
6 So they arose early on the morrow
and offered sacrifices, and presented
thank offerings. Then the People sat
down to eat and drink, and got up to
play.
7 The Lord however said to Moses,
" Go ! Descend ! — For your People
whom you led out of Mitzer have cor-
S rupted themselves ! They have soon
turned from the path which I com-
manded them ! They have made for
themselves a cast-metal calf and they
are worshipping it ! And they sacrifice
to it, and say; 'This is your God,
Israel ! that brought you up from the
9 land of the Mitzeraim.' " And the
Lord said to Moses, " I fear for this
People ; for it is a people of stiff
io neck. — So now let Me alone, and My
anger will burn against them, and
consume them, and I will make from
you a great nation."
1 1 But Moses fell upon his face before
his Ever-living God, and said ;
" Why, Lord, should Your anger burn
against Your people, whom You
have brought up out of the land of
the Mitzeraim with great power and
12 with a strong arm ? Why should the
Mitzeritessay; ' He brought them out
for evil, to kill them among the
mountains, and to exterminate them
from the face of the earth ? ' — Turn
away Your anger and forgive Your
people. Remember Abraham, and 13
Isaac, and Israel, Your servants,
what you swore to them by Yourself,
and promised them that their race
should be as numerous as the stars of
heaven ; and also of this land which
You promised to give to their de-
scendants to inherit for ever." So the 14
Ever-living had compassion upon
the sin which His people had done
against Him.
%\}$ iC'nlus of O*>0O lUrolicn.
Then Moses turned and descended 15
from the hill, with the two tables of
the Law in his hands ; — both tablets
written upon both sides with writing.
And God had made those tablets; and 16
God wrote the writing that was en-
graved upon the tablets.
When Joshua heard the voice of the 17
people at sin, he said to Moses ;
"There is the sound of war in the
camp."
But he replied ; " It is not the sound iS
of contention with swords ; — nor is it
the sound of contention in charging,
that I hear the roar of! "
And when they approached the 19
camp, and saw the calf, and the
dancing, then the anger of Moses
burnt, and he flung the two tablets
from his hands, and broke them under
the mountain.
J(He afterwards took the calf which 20
they had made and burnt it in the fire,
and ground it until it was like dust,
and threw it upon the face of the
water, and made the children of
Israel drink it.)
Then Moses demanded of Aaron, 21
" What have this People done to you,
that you should bring upon them this
great sin ? "
But Aaron replied, " Let not my 22
Prince's anger burn ! You know this
people, how bad they are! and they 23
said to me, ' Make Gods for us, who
can go before us — for as for this
fellow Moses, who brought us up
from the land of the Mitzeraim, we
know not what has become of him.'
l V. 20, in parentheses, does not refer to the
immediate act of Moses, but to his subsequent
action after suppressing the revolt. The nar-
rative starts again at v. 21. See v. 30, Ch. xxxii.
— F. F.
*5
32-24
EXODUS.
33-13
24 So I said to them, ' Bring me gold,'
and they brought it, and gave me it,
and I threw it into the furnace, and
this calf was produced ! "
25 Then Moses saw that the People
were in revolt, and had involved
26 Aaron in their insurrection. There-
fore Moses stood up at the gate of the
camp, and cried ; " Who is for my
Ever-living God?" when all the
sons of Levi joined him.
27 And he said to them, " Thus says
the Ever-living, the God of Israel;
' Let every man bind his sword upon
his thigh ! Go through and return
from gate to gate of the camp and kill
every man his brother, and every man
his neighbour, and every man his
friend ! ' "
28 So the sons of Levi did it, as Moses
commanded, and there fell of the
people in that day three-thousand men.
29 Moses afterwards said; "Your
hands to-day have worked for the
Ever-living; thus each man has
gained for himself a blessing through
his son, and through his brother."
30 Some days afterwards, however,
Moses said to the people themselves ;
" You have sinned a great sin ; so now
I will offer to the Ever-living a ram
as an expiation on account of your
sin."
31 Therefore Moses turned to the
Ever-living and said; "Certainly
this People have sinned a great sin,
when they made a god of gold for
32 themselves ; but yet remove their sin ;
and if not, strike me out of Your
Book which You have written."
33 Then the Ever-living answered
Moses, " What is their sin to Me ? I
34 will strike them from My Book. But
now go, lead the People to where I
command you, and My Messenger
shall go before your face, and in the
day of visitation I will visit upon them
their sin."
35 Thus the Ever-living punished
the People for what they had done, re-
garding the calf that Aaron had made.
33 Then the Ever-living said to
Moses ; "Go from here ; you and the
people whom you brought up from the
land of the Mitzeraim to the land
which I promised to Abraham, and to
Isaac, and to Jacob, saying, 'To your
2 descendants I will give it.' And I
will send My Messenger before your
face, and drive out the Cananites, the
Amorites, the Hitites, the Perizites,
3 the Hivites, and the Jebusites, from
the land flowing with milk and
honey.- — Yet I shall not bring you
straight to it, for you are a stiff-necked
people, therefore I shall march you
by a journey."
When the people heard this hard 4
command they grieved ; and many
men would not put on their armour.
Therefore the Ever-living spoke 5
to Moses, "Say to the children of
Israel, ' You are a stiff-necked people ;
— a rebellious one. If I came a single
moment into your midst I could
destroy you. However, strip off your
arms, and I will make known what I
will do to you.' "
So the children of Israel quickly 6
stripped off their armour.
iHnsca rarrira rrfif tlje {Tabernacle
oi tfattttUGses anir the Wtovb
Appears.
Then Moses seized the tabernacle, 7
and pitched it for himself outside the
camp, at a distance from the camp,
and named it his Hall of Meeting, so
that all who wished to inquire of the
Ever-living were obliged to come to
him to his Hall of Assembly that was
outside the camp. But when Moses 8
had gone away with the tabernacle,
all the people rose in insurrection,
and every man stood at the door of
his tent and looked after Moses as he
went off with the tabernacle. And 9
when Moses went with the tabernacle,
the cloud tremblingly descended and
stood at the door of the tabernacle,
and the Word waswith Moses. When 10
all the people saw the trembling
cloud standing at the door of his
tabernacle, then all the people arose
and everyone bowed down towards
that tent.
There the Ever-living spoke with 11
Moses face to face, as a man speaks
with his friend ; — Then he turned
towards the camp, and watched it ;
but Joshua the son of Nun, his atten-
dant, did not depart from the inside of
the tabernacle.
And Moses said to the Ever-living; 12
"See, You spoke to me to bring up
this people, but yet You have not in-
structed me as to whom You will send
with me. You have, however, said,
' I know you by name, and you have
found favour in My eyes.' So now, if 13
I have found favour in Your eyes,
teach me Your path, that I may know
You, since I have found favour in
86
33—14
EXODUS.
34— i!
-3
Your sight, and perceive that Your
People are this Nation."
Then He replied, " Turn their
advance back, and I will support you."
But he answered to Him, " If Your
Presence is not with our marches,
do not take us from here. And by
what can it be possibly known that I
have found favour in Your sight, I and
Your people ? Would it not be by
Your marching with us ? and distin-
guishing me and Your People from
every nation upon the face of the
earth ? "
Then the Ever-living answered
Moses; " I will grant also this request
which you have made, for you have
found favour in My eyes, and I have
made Myself known to you by a
Name."
He therefore replied : — " Show me,
I pray, Your Majesty."
And he was answered ; "I have
passed all My beauty before your
face ; and I made Myself known to
you openly by My Name of the
Ever-living. I show favour to those
I love ; and compassion to those I
compassionate. — But," He added,
" you are not able to see My face, for
no man can see Me and live. How-
ever," said the Ever-living, "mount
up to Me and sit on the rock, and
My Majesty shall pass over, and I will
place you in a cleft of the rock, and
shade you with My hand over you,
until I pass over, so that upon
removing My hand you may see My
back, for you cannot look upon My
face."
Command tn malic Aciu uTahlrts fni
tljc (ITnmmantimatts.
34 The Ever-living afterwards said
to Moses, " Cut for yourself two
tablets of stone, like the former ones,
and I will write upon them the Com-
mandments which were upon the
2 first that you broke ; and when dawn
comes, go up at dawn to the Mount
Sinai, and sit with Me upon the top of
3 the hill. But no man shall come up
with you ; for no man must be seen
in all the hill, nor sheep, or beast
approach to the hill."
4 Moses accordingly cut two tablets
of stone like the former, and arose at
morning, and ascended Mount Sinai,
as the Ever-living commanded him,
and took in his hands the two tablets
5 of stone. Then the Ever-living de-
scended in the cloud and sat there
with him ; and he called on the Name
; of Jehovah, when the Ever-living 6
passed over before his face, and he
I cried out " Ever-living ! Living
' God of Gentleness and Pity,
] Slow to Anger, but Great in
Mercy and Truth ; preserving 7
mercy to thousands ; taking away
passion, and rebellion ; and forgiving
sin ; — but not ceasing to visit the
passions of the fathers upon their
children, and upon the children of
their children to the third and the
fourth generation ! "
Then Moses hastily rose and fell to 8
the earth and worshipped, and said : 9
" If now I have found favour in Your
sight, Almighty, come, I pray,
Almighty, near to us, for they are
a stiff-necked People, and pardon
our passions and sins, and give us our
inheritance."
And He replied; " Now I make a 10
covenant with all your People. I
will produce wonders such as have
not been from creation in all the
earth, or in any nation ; and every
people among whom you are, shall
see the work of the Ever-living, for
what I will do by you will be splendid.
Attend to what I have communicated 1 1
to you to-day; — Then I will drive
before you the Amorites,the Cananites,
the Hitites, the Perizites, the Hivites,
and Jebusites.
" Keep yourselves from making 12
treaties with the residents of the
land when you come to it, for fear
they should be a snare in your midst.
Therefore overthrow their altars ; and 13
break down their pillars ; and cut
down their shrines, for you shall not 14
worship another god, for the Ever-
living is jealous of His Name; He
is a jealous God.
" Beware of making alliances with 15
the inhabitants of the land, for fear
you whore after their gods, and
j sacrifice to their gods, and approach
to eat at their altars ; or take from 16
their daughters for your sons, for
■ their daughters will whore after their
gods ; and your sons whore after their
gods. Nor shall you make a metallic 17
; god for yourselves.
repetition ai Social U'atu.
"You shall keep the feast of un- iS
leavened bread for seven days : You
shall eat biscuits as I have com-
manded you, at the assembly in the
87
34—19
EXODUS.
35-8
harvest month,1 for in the month of
harvest I brought you from among
the Mitzeraim.
19 " All breaking the womb is Mine:
and every male of your possessions,
20 of cattle or sheep bursting it ; but an
ass bursting it, you shall redeem with
a sheep ; and if you do not redeem
it you shall break its neck.
" All your eldest sons you shall
l'edeem, for you shall not see My
presence empty-handed.
21 " You shall labour six days, but on
the seventh you shall cease from
22 ploughing, and rest in harvest. You
shall also make a festival of rest for
yourselves at the first fruits of the
wheat harvest ; and a festival at the
completion of the solar circuit of the
year.
23 "Three times in a year all your
men shall appear before the Presence
of the Lord, the Ever-living God
24 of Israel, for I will drive out the
heathen before you, and will extend
your boundaries, therefore no man
of your land shall neglect to go up
three times in a year to see the Pre-
sence of your Ever-living God.
25 You shall not shed the blood of My
sacrifices away from it ; and you
shall not leave until the morning the
26 sacrifice of the Passover. You shall
also decorate the house of your Ever-
living God with the first fruits of
your fields when you come up.
" You shall not boil a kid in its
mother's milk."
27 Finally the EVER-LIVING said to
Moses; — "Write these commands,
for upon the basis of these Commands
I have made a covenant with you, and
with Israel."
®he ®tme iRosea stanea on ^>inat.
28 And he was there with the Ever-
living forty days and forty nights,
and ate no bread, nor drank water,
but wrote upon the tablets the com-
mands of the Covenant ;
The Ten Commandments.
lUje ^olenuonr of the Jface of
iHosw.
29 Then Moses descended from Mount
Sinai with the Tables of the Testi-
mony in the hands of Moses. On
his descent, however, from the hill,
Moses did not know that blinding
Abib.
rays of light1 from his face, pre-
vented their speaking to him !
But Aaron, and all the children of 30
Israel saw those rays of light from
his face, and they were afraid to ap-
proach him.
Moses, however, called to them, 31
when Aaron turned to him, with all
the leaders of the Assembly, and
Moses addressed them ; and after 32
that all the children of Israel ap-
proached, and he communicated all
that the Ever-living had com-
manded him in Mount Sinai.
But that Moses might speak to 33
them, he put a veil over his face.
But when Moses went to speak with 34
the Ever-living he removed the
veil from his face, until he returned,
and came and related to them what
he had been commanded. So the 35
children of Israel feared in the pre-
sence of Moses, for rays of splendour
preceded Moses, therefore Moses
placed the veil over his face when he
went to speak with them.
ifioses aoDressea the parliament of
Israel.
Then Moses assembled all the 35
parliament of the children of Israel,
and said to them ;
" These are the Commandments
which the Ever-living has com-
manded you to practise : —
"You shall do your work for six 2
days, but the Seventh Day shall be a
Holy Rest for you. You shall rest
to the Ever-living. Every one
doing business on it shall die. No 3
man shall labour in all your habita-
tions upon the Day of Rest."
Moses continued to speak to all 4
the parliament of the children of
Israel, saying ; —
" This is also a commandment 5
which the Ever-living commanded,
saying : — ' Let everyone of willing
heart bring an offering from them-
selves to the Ever-living! ' "
(fiifts to 0)00 from the people.
All of free heart consequently
brought an offering from themselves
to the Ever-living of gold, silver,
and brass ; and azure and purple, 6
and blue, red, and spun linen ; and 7
ram skins, dyed red, and badger
skins, and acacia wood: and oil for 8
1 Literally " Horns of Light."— F. F.
35—9
EXODUS.
36-r»
the lamps, and perfumes for the Oil
of Consecration, and incense for the
9 veils, and onyx stones, and stones
for the settings of the ephod, and
10 breastplate. Whilst those of skill
among them came and made all that
ii the Ever-living commanded. The
enclosures of the tent, and its veils ;
the hooks, and the planks, the cross-
bars, the standards and the bases;
12 the ark and the staves for it ; the
13 covers, and the covering veil; the
table, and its staves, and all its ap-
14 purtenances ; and the Shewbread : and
the reflectors for the lamps, and the
appurtenances for them ; and the
burners, and the oil for the lights ;
15 and the incense altar, and its staves ;
and the Oil of Consecration, and the
perfumes for the aromatics ; and the
veil for the door, at the opening of
16 the sanctuary. The altar of burnt
offering, and its base of brass ; the
staves and the whole of the instru-
17 ments ; the bath and its bases. The
curtains for the court and its stan-
dards, and their bases, and the
18 skreen for the gate of the court. The
stakes for the sanctuary, and the
stakes for the court, and the rest.
19 The robes for the service, when
serving in the Holy-place ; the sacred
robes for Aaron the priest, and the
robes for his sons, the priests.
20 Then the whole of the chiefs of the
children of Israel came before Moses,
21 and brought whatever their heart
suggested, and all that their spirit
dictated to them, they brought as an
offering to the Ever-living, to sup-
ply the Hall of Assembly, and its
appurtenances, and for the sacred
22 robes. Thus the chiefs coming to
Moses, — all who were of liberal heart,
— brought ear and nose rings, and
brooches, and beads and all things
made of gold, and everything which
was adorned with gold to the Ever-
23 living. Every man, also, who pos-
sessed azure, and purple, and blue-
red, and spun linen, and red goat
skins, and badger skins brought them.
24 Many nobles brought gifts of silver
and brass, as presents to the Ever-
living, or of anything they pos-
sessed. Some brought acacia wood
25 for the works. And the skilful
women brought yarn in their hands,
azure yarn, and purple, and blue-
26 red, and linen. All the men also who
were skilful in spinning, invited by
their hearts, gave goat-hair yarn.
Other men brought precious stones 27
to set the ephod and the breastplate ;
and perfumes, and oil for the lights, 28
and for the Consecration Oil, and
perfumes for the incense. Kvery 29
man and woman with a liberal heart
brought all the things that the Ever-
living commanded, by the hand of
Moses, to be made as gifts to the
Ever-living.
Appointment of Architects anu
ittcehantcs for the ^nnrtunrn.
Then Moses said to the children of 30
Israel,
"The Ever -living has called
Bezalal, the son of Auri, the son of
Hor of the tribe of Judah, and has 31
filled him with genius, skill, intelli-
gence and knowledge, and a mecha-
nical mind, and inventive faculties 32
for working in gold, and silver, and
brass; and to cut stones for jewellery ; 33
and to shape timber for use, and for
all engineering work. He has also
given as a fitting assistant to him,
Ahaliab the son of Ahhismak, of the
tribe of Dan, filling them with in- 35
telligence to work in every kind of
contrivance, in jewellery, and em-
broidery, in azure, and purple ; in blue,
and red, and flax; and to weave all
materials, and to make patterns."
Bezalal and Ahaliab consequently 36
worked, with all the skilful men to
whom the Ever-living had given
intelligence and understanding, to
assist them in their operations, for
the production of all the furniture
for the sanctuary, which the Ever-
living had commanded. Thus 2
Moses appointed Bezalal and Ahaliab,
and all the skilful men to whom the
Ever-living had given an intelli-
gent mind, with everyone whose
mind invited them to go to the work
to effect it ; and they received in the 3
presence of Moses all the offerings
that the children of Israel had brought
to make the appliances for the ser-
vices of the sanctuary. They fetched
their part from the treasury morning
by morning, and every skilled worker 4
brought back the articles for the
sanctuary which he had made from
his workshop ; until they reported to 5
Moses, saying, " The material which
the people have brought is more than
the requirements for the furniture
that the Ever-living commanded
to be made from it."
Moses, therefore, ordered to make 6
89
36—7
EXODUS.
37-g
a proclamation in the camp to in-
form every man and woman not to
bring further material to offer for the
sanctuary. So the people ceased to
7 bring it, for the material was suffi-
cient for all the appliances that had
to be made, and in excess.
8 So the workmen made the furni-
ture for the tent ; Ten curtains of
spun linen, and azure, and purple,
and blue-red, with pictures of Keru-
9 bim formed in damask. The length
of the curtains was eighteen cubits
each, and the width four cubits, each
curtain ; — the same to each curtain ;
io and the end of one curtain was
joined to the other, and the next
curtain's edge was joined to the
ii following; for they made loops upon
the selvage of each of the curtains at
the end of the edges. Thus they
made the curtains with attachments
12 to join the two. They made fifty
loops on each curtain ; and fifty loop
attachments were made upon the
second curtain which joined it to the
next, opposite to the loops, one for
13 one. They also made fifty hooks of
gold to join the curtains one to the
other, so as to form one tent.
14 They also made curtains of goat-
skins for the canopy over the tent,
which were divided into twenty cur-
15 tains. The length of each curtain
was thirty cubits, and four cubits
broad for each curtain ; all the twenty
16 curtains were made equal ; and they
joined five of the curtains together,
17 and six of the curtains together; and
made fifty loops on the lip of a cur-
tain, at its edge to fasten with, and
made fifty loops upon the lip of the
18 second curtain for fastenings. They
also made hooks of brass to join the
canopy to form it into one piece.
19 Then they made the Hall of Assembly
of red ram-skins, with a verandah of
badger skins over all of it.
20 They also made the planks for the
tabernacle of acacia wood planed.
21 The length of a plank was ten cubits,
and a cubit and a half broad, for
22 each plank. There were two hands
to each plank at the joinings on one
side and the other. They made the
same to all the planks of the taber-
23 nacle. Twenty planks were made for
the tabernacle on the side towards
24 the south. And forty bases of silver
were formed under the twenty planks ;
— two bases under a plank with two
hands on them.
And for the opposite side towards 25
the north, they made twenty planks,
with forty bases of silver, two bases 26
for each plank. But the width of the 27
tabernacle to the west was six planks ;
and two planks made the corners of 28
the tabernacle at the corners. And 29
there were clutches fitting together
and uniting them. Thus both were 30
fastened at their edges. Thus there
were eight planks, and sixteen silver
bases, two bases, and two bases,
under each plank. They also made 31
bars of acacia wood, five bars for the
planks at the first side of the taber-
nacle ; and five bars to the planks at 32
the other side of the tabernacle, and
five bars to the planks of the taber-
nacle at its length towards the west ;
and the bars were made for shoots in 33
the middle of the planks from side to
side. The planks, however, were 34
plated with gold, and their buttons
were made of gold with lock-holes
to each one, and the bars were plated
with gold.
The veils also were made of azure, 35
and purple, and blue-red, and spun
linen, with damasked Kerubims
worked on them. They also made 36
four posts of acacia, and plated them
with gold, with pins of gold, and cast
for them four bases of silver. They 37
also made a skreen for the door of
the sanctuary of azure, and purple,
and blue-red, and spun linen, worked
as embroidery. And the five pillars 3S
and the pins, with the chapiters on
their heads, and the rods were of
gold, but the five bars were of brass.
Bezalal himself made the ark of 37
acacia wood. Its length two and a
half cubits, and its breadth a cubit
and a half, and a cubit and a half its
height ; and he plated with pure gold 2
within and without, and made it a
wreath of gold around ; and cast 3
four knobs of gold for its four feet ;
two knobs at the one side, and two
knobs at the other side. He also 4
made staves of acacia wood and
plated them with gold, so that they 5
could put the staves into the ears
upon the sides of the ark to carry the
ark by.
He also made covers of pure gold, 6
two cubits and a half in length and
a cubit and a half in width. Besides 7
he made two Kerubim of gold. They
were made standing at the two ends
of the covers ; one kerub at this end, S
and the other at that. But the 9
90
37— io
EXODUS.
38-15
kerubim were extending their wings
like a protection from above with
their wings over the covers, with the
face of each towards the other over
covers:— the kerubim faced each other.
io He also made the table of acacia
wood, two cubits in length and a
cubit and a half in breadth, and a
1 1 cubit and a half in height, and plated
it over with pure gold, and made a
12 coronal round about it of gold. He
also made a ridge of a handbreadth
around it, with rays of gold upon the
13 ridge all round ; and cast four tabs of
gold, and fixed the tabs upon the four
14 sides where its feet were. The tabs
were fixed near the ridge for the
15 staves to carry the table with. He
made the staves, to carry the table, of
acacia wood and plated them with
16 gold ; as well as the instruments that
were upon the table, — the dishes and
the snuffers, and the cups and the
plates which covered them, — of pure
gold.
17 He also made the lamp of turned
work of pure gold ; its shank, upright
stalk, its branches, its cups, and
18 blossoms were made of it. And
there were six branches going from
the sides ; — three branches from one
side, and three branches from the
19 other side. There were three almond
cones and flowers upon one branch,
a cup and a blossom ; — and three
almond cones and flowers on an
alternate branch , a cup and a blossom ;
thus six branches rose up for the
20 lamps. And upon the lamp four
cones like almonds, a cup, and a
21 blossom. But there was a ball be-
tween two of the branches mutually ;
and a ball between two of the
branches mutually ; and a ball be-
tween two of the branches mutually ;
for the six branches that rose up
22 from them. There were balls and
branches for them mutually ; all the
23 appliances were of pure gold. He
also made seven reflectors, and
holders, and snuffers of pure gold :
24 a talent weight of pure gold made
these, and all the instruments.
25 Afterwards he made the Altar of
Incense of acacia wood. Its length
was a cubit, and its breadth a cubit,
square, and its height two cubits,
with its horns ; and he covered the 26
top of it with pure gold, and around
its sides, and its horns, and made a
coronal of gold around it. He also 27
made two tabs of gold for it, between
the coronal, upon the two sides, upon
its opposite sides, to insert the two
staves to carry it by. He made the 28
staves also of acacia wood, and
plated them with gold. He also 29
made the Holy Consecration Oil,
and the incense of pure spices for
perfume.
Then he made of acacia wood the 38
Altar of Burnt Offerings. Its length
was five cubits, and its breadth five
cubits, square ; and its height three
cubits. He also made horns upon 2
its four faces; its horns were all
alike and he plated them with brass.
Besides he made all the instruments 3
for the altar ; the cauldrons, and the
brushes, and the sprinklers, and the
rakes, and the shovels, he made of
brass. He also made for the altar a 4
netted sieve of brass under its fire-
place, with projections at its edges;
and he cast four tabs of brass for the 5
borders of the sieve — as receptacles
for staves, which he made of acacia 6
wood, and covered them with brass,
and placed the staves in the tabs at 7
the sides of the altar, to carry it by ;
— he made them to fit into valves.
He also made the bath and its 8
pedestals of brass, with the mirrors
for the use of whoever served before
the Hall of Assembly.
He also made the court at the side 9
towards the south. The curtains for
the court were a hundred cubits of
spun linen. The pillars twenty, and 10
the bases twenty. The spikes of the
pillars and the pins were of brass,
but the rods of silver. And on the 11
north face it was a hundred cubits,
with twenty pillars and twenty bases.
The spikes of the pillars were brass,
but the rods of silver. But on the 12
west face, the curtains were fifty
cubits, ten pillars and the bases, with
spikes for the pillars, but the rods
were of silver. And upon the eastern 13
face, the sun rise, fifty cubits: fifteen 14
cubits of curtains to the gate-posts,
six pillars and six bases, but from 15
the other gate-post, on this side and
that, to the gate of the court, curtains
for fifteen cubits ; six pillars and six
9i
38—i6
EXODUS.
39-13
16 bases. All the curtains around the
17 court were of spun linen, and the
bases of the pillars were of brass,
but the spikes of the pillars and the
rods were of silver, and the capitals
of the pillars of silver ; with rods of
silver for all the pillars of the court.
1 8 The skreen for the gate of the
court, however, was made of em-
broidery of azure, and purple, and
blue-red, and spun linen ; and its
length was twenty cubits, and in
height at the fold-back five cubits, to
the juncture with the curtains of the
19 court ; with four pillars and four
bases of brass ; but the pins of silver,
and the capitals of the heads of the
20 pillars of silver, with all the other
things for the tent and the court
around of brass.
®!je Officials nf the ftahernarle.
21 These were the officers of the tent,
— the Hall of Assembly — which were
appointed by the mouth of Moses, for
the service of the Levites, under
Aithamar, the son of Aaron the priest,
22 with Bezalal the son of Auri, the son
of Hor of the tribe of Judah to make
everything that the Ever-living had
23 commanded by Moses ; and with
them Ahaliab the son of Ahhismak
of the tribe of Dan, to engrave, and
damask, and embroider, in azure,
and purple, and blue, and red ; and
in spinning.
Amount nf (fjoiti anb tfthn* iftetalo
itorii in the uTahrrnadc.
24 The whole of the gold that was
used in the furniture of the sanctuary
was twenty-nine talents, and nine
hundred and thirty shekels, by the
25 sacred weight. And of silver from
the chiefs of the congregation one
hundred talents and one thousand
seven hundred and fifty-seven shekels
by the sacred weight.
26 The half shekel poll-tax by the
sacred weight, from who were passed
into the regiments, from twenty years
of age and over that, was six hundred
and thirty thousand, five hundred,
27 and fifty. And there were used one
hundred talents of silver in casting
the bases of the sanctuary ; and the
bases of the doors ; — a hundred bases
from a hundred talents : — a talent to
2S a base. They also used a thousand,
seven hundred, and seventy-five for
the spikes to the pillars, and the
capitals on their heads, and the rods
for them.
Besides, the brass offered was 29
seventy thousand talents, and four
hundred shekels, which were used 30
for the bases of the doors of the
Hall of Assembly and the brass of
the door-posts, and the Brazen Altar,
and the lattice work of brass for it,
and the whole of the instruments of
the altar, with the bases of the court 31
around, and the bases of the gates of
the court, and all the rest of the
tent, and the remainder of the court
around.
And of the azure, and purple, and 39
blue-red, they made the service
robes, to serve in the sanctuary, as
well as the holy robes for Aaron, as
the Ever-living commanded to
Moses.
They also made the ephod of gold, 2
azure, purple, and blue-red, and
spun linen. And there were strips of 3
gold and wire twisted in the working
among the azure, and among the
purple, and among the blue-red, and
among the linen threads that made
the damasking. They made shoulder 4
pieces that joined upon the two
halves by a seam. They also made 5
the breast-plate of the ephod, to be
worn over it, of gold, azure, and
purple, and blue-red, and spun linen,
as the Ever-living commanded
Moses.
Besides they made two onyx stones 6
surrounded with gold settings, en-
graved like the engraving of a seal
with the names of the sons of Israel ;
and placed them upon the shoulders 7
of the ephod as memorial stones for
the sons of Israel, — as the Ever-
living commanded to Moses.
They also made the breast-plate of 8
damasked work, as they made the
ephod, of gold, and azure, and purple,
and blue-red, and spun linen. The 9
breastplate was made a square
doubled, — a span long and a span
broad, doubled ; and it was filled 10
with four rows of stones :
The first row was ;
A ruby, a topaz and a diamond.
The second row was : 11
An emerald, a sapphire and an
opal.
The third row was : 12
A figure, an agate and an amethyst ;
Ana the fourth row was : 13
A tarshish, an onyx, and a jasper.
92
39—14
EXODUS.
40—6
Surrounded by settings of gold to
14 fix them ; thus there were twelve
stones with the names of the sons of
Israel ; with the names engraven like
a seal ; each with one name of the
twelve tribes.
15 They also made for the breastplate
chain borderings of plaited work of
16 pure gold. Beside which they made
two gold fastenings, and two buttons
of gold, and fixed the two buttons
upon the two sides of the breastplate,
17 and placed the twochains of gold upon
the two buttons at the sides of the
iS breastplate, and the two ends of the
two chains they fixed upon the two
buttons, and fastened them upon the
two shoulders over the front of them.
19 They also made two gold buttons and
placed them upon the two edges of
the breastplate, upon the lips which
20 went over the ephod inwards. Besides
they made two buttons of gold and
fixed them upon the two shoulders
of the ephod before and behind to
unite together at the top of the ephod
21 with the breastplate; and they laced
the breastplate, from button to button
to the ephod with laces of azure, to
secure the breastplate to the ephod,
so that the breastplate might not
fall off from the ephod ; — as the
Ever-living had commanded to
Moses.
22 They also made a mantle for the
23 ephod, of azure woven velvet; and
the mouth of the mantle was in the
middle of it, like a coat of mail, with
a binding around it so that it might
24 not tear. And they made on the hem
of the mantle pomegranates of azure,
and purple, and blue-red, with em-
25 broidery; and also made bells of pure
gold, and fixed the bells between the
pomegranates, upon the hem around
the mantle between the pome-
26 granates ; a bell and a pomegranate
upon the hem around the mantle ; — as
the Ever -living commanded to
Moses.
27 They also made vests of woven
linen work for Aaron and his sons,
28 and turbans of linen, and mitres of
linen, and white drawers of spun
29 linen ; with girdles of spun linen, and
azure, and blue-red, as the Ever-
living commanded Moses.
30 They also made the flower of the
Holy Crown of pure gold, and en-
graved upon it, with the engraving of a
seal, " Holiness to the Ever-living,"
31 and fixed a cord of azure upon it to
fasten it upon the top, as the Ever-
LIVING commanded to Moses.
Thus were completed all the 32
appliances for the Hall of Assembly.
They were made in the manner that
the Ever - living commanded to
Moses.
Therefore they brought the tent to 33
Moses ; — the sanctuary and all its
furniture, its hooks, its planks, its
bars, its pillars and bases ; and the 34
awning of red ram skins, and the
awning of badger skins, and curtains
for the skreen ; with the Ark of 35
Witnesses, and its staves, and its
covers ; and the table, and all its 36
furniture ; and the Shewbread,1 with 37
the Lamp of Splendour, and its re-
flectors, and its series of lamps, and
the whole of its appliances ; and the
oil for the lamps ; with the altar of 3S
gold, and the Oil of Consecration,
and the sweet incense ; and the skreen
of the veil of the pavilion. The 39
brazen altar ; and the brass grating
for it ; its staves, and all its instru-
ments ; the bath and its buckets ; the 40
curtains of the court, its pillars and
their bases ; and the skreen for the
gate of the court ; its ropes and pegs,
and the rest of the appliances for the
uses of the tent of the Hall of Assembly.
The ornamented robes for service in 41
the sanctuary ; the sacred robes for
Aaron, the priest, and the robes for
his sons, the priests ; according to 42
all that the Ever-living commanded
to Moses, the children of Israel made
the whole for the service.
Then Moses inspected all the 43
work, to see if they had made all of
it according to the command of the
Ever-living. They had done so,
and Moses blessed them.
(fammanir to (fmt the <uint.
Then the Ever-living spoke to 40
Moses, saying : —
" To-morrow is the first month. 2
Upon the first of the month you shall
set up the tent of the Hall of Assembly,
and place there the Ark of Witnesses, 3
and cover the ark with the veil.
Then you shall bring the table, and 4
arrange its appliances, and bring the
Golden Lamp, and set up its re-
flectors ; and place the golden altar 5
of incense before the Ark of the
Witnesses, and fix the skreen of
the doors to the tabernacle. Then 6
1 Bread of the Presence.— F. F.
lJ3
40-7
EXODUS.
40-38
9 g<
place the altar of burnt-offering oppo-
site the door of the Hall of Assembly,
and set the bath between the Hall of
Assembly and the altar, and put water
in it. Afterwards fix up the court
around, and put the skreen to the
ate of the court ; and then take the
Oil of Consecration and consecrate
the tent, and everything in it, and
sanctify it, and the whole of its furni-
ture; when it shall be sacred.
" The altar shall be Holy of Holies.
11 " Next consecrate the bath and its
12 buckets, and sanctify it. Then pre-
sent Aaron and his sons at the door
of the Hall of Assembly, and wash
13 them with water, and clothe Aaron in
the sacred robe, and consecrate him.
Thus you shall make him holy, and
14 he shall be a priest to ME. After-
wards present his sons and clothe
15 them with vests, and consecrate
them, as you consecrated their father,
and they shall be priests to Me ; and
the consecration shall be an appoint-
ment of them as priests for ever in
their descendants."
Moses consequently did all that the
Ever-living commanded him. He
effected it.
Thus it was in the first month, in
the second year, on the first of the
18 month, they erected the tent. And
Moses set up the tent, and fixed its
bases, and placed its planks, and fixed
its curtains, and erected its pillars,
19 and spread the canopy over the
Tabernacle, and put the awning of
the Tabernacle over its roof; as the
Ever-living commanded him.
20 Then he took and put the witnesses
into the ark, and placed the staves to
the ark, and put the covers upon the
21 top of the ark, and brought the ark
to the tent, and hung the veil of the
skreen, and veiled off the witnesses ;
as the Ever-living commanded
Moses.
22 Then he placed the table in the
Hall of Assembly, at the north side
23 of the Tabernacle outside of the veil,
and arranged upon it the prepared
e6
17
bread before the Ever-living ;—
as the Ever-living commanded to
Moses.
Next he placed the lamp in the 24
Hall of Assembly, upon the table
opposite at the south side of the
Tabernacle, and raised the lights 25
before the Ever-living; as the
Ever-living commanded Moses.
Then he placed the golden altar in 26
the Hall of Assembly before the veil,
and offered sweet incense upon it ; — 27
as the Ever-living commanded
Moses.
Then he put the skreen to the 28
door of the Tabernacle, and set the 29
altar of burnt-offering at the door of
the tent of the Hall of Assembly, and
offered upon it the burnt offering,
and the gift ;— as the Ever-living
commanded Moses.
Then he placed the bath between 30
the Hall of Assembly and the altar,
and put water in it to wash with, and 31
Moses washed himself his feet and
hands there, with Aaron and his
sons, before going into the Hall of 32
Assembly, and approaching the altar,
they washed themselves ; — as the
Ever-living commanded Moses.
They also erected the court around 33
the Tabernacle, and the altar and
fixed the skreen at the gate of the
court.
Then Mosesceased fromhis labours.
Then the cloud covered the Hall of 34
Assembly, and the splendour of the
Ever-living filled the tabernacle,
and Moses was not able to go into the 35
Hall of Assembly for the cloud rested
upon it, and the splendour of the
Ever-living filled the tent. After- 36
wards when the cloud arose from off
the Tabernacle, the children of Israel
marched in all their marches ; and if 37
the cloud did not arise, then they did
not march until the day when it
arose ; — for the cloud of the Ever- 38
living was upon the Tabernacle by
day, and there was a fire by night.
It was in the sight of the house of
Israel in all their marches.
End of the Book of Exodus.
94
THE THIRD BOOK OF MOSES, COMMONLY CALLED
LEVITICUS.
(VA IKRA AL MOSHEH=AND HE CALLED
TO MOSES.)
(Tlje llitual of ^arrtfir&s.
1 ^pHEN the Ever-living called to
1 Moses and spoke to him from
the Hall of the Assembly, saying ; —
lUtuitl of §nrtti (Offerings.
2 " Speak to the children of Israel
and say to them ; A man of you who
would offer an offering to the Ever-
LIVING, can offer it from the herd, or
from the fold, or from the flock.
3 "If they offer a burnt offering from
the fold, it shall be a perfect male. It
shall be offered at the door of the
Tent of Assembly, as a pleasure to
4 him before the Ever-living. Then
he shall lay his hand upon the head
of the sacrifice and present it before
the Ever-living to expiate for
5 himself; and he must slay the son
of the fold before the Ever-living.
Then the sons of Aaron the priest
shall approach the blood, and sprinkle
some of the blood around over the
altar, that is at the door of the Hall
6 of Assembly. Afterwards he shall
skin the sacrifice and divide it into
7 parts. Then the sons of Aaron the
priest shall lay the parts of the head
and fat in order upon the wood and
8 put fire upon the altar, and arrange
wood upon the fire that is on the
altar, after washing the inwards and
9 the feet in water, and the priest
shall burn the whole of them on the
altar as a sweet delightful perfume to
io the Ever-living. But if he offers from
the sheep or from the lambs, or from
the goats, he shall offer as a burnt
ii offering a perfect male; and slay it at
the north side of the altar before the
Ever-living, and the sons of Aaron
the priest shall sprinkle some of its
12 blood around the altar. Then he
shall divide it into parts; and the
priest shall arrange its head and its
fat upon the wood that is upon the
13 fire that is on the altar. Then he
shall wash its inwards and legs in
water, and the priest shall offer the
whole of them with incense upon the
altar of burnt offering, as a sweet
breath delightful to the Ever-living.
" But if he sacrifices a gift from 14
the birds to the Ever-living let him
offer his gift from the turtle doves or
the young of pigeons ; and the priest 15
shall take it to the altar and wring off
its head, and perfume the altar, and
present its blood at the side of the
altar, and pull out its crop and 16
feathers ; and throw them to the
eastern side of the altar into the
receptacle for the fat. Then the 17
priest shall cleave it, — not separate —
and perfume the altar for it, offering
it upon the wood which is on the fire ;
— it is sweet smell delightful to the
Ever-living.
" And the soul that gives a present 2
to the Ever-living, let it be of fine
flour, and pour oil upon it, and put
frankincense on it, and bring it to the 2
sons of Aaron, the priest ; and the
priest shall grasp a handful from
the fine flour and the oil, with all
the frankincense, and shall burn as a
remembrance on the altar ; — a sweet
perfume delightful to the Ever-
living. But the rest of the offering 3
shall be for Aaron and his sons, holy
of holies from the fire of the Ever-
living.
" But if he would offer a present 4
baked in the oven, let it be of fine
ground flour, biscuits mixed with oil,
or wafer biscuits buttered with oil.
"If, however, your gift is a present 5
of baked bread, it shall be of fine
flour with oil, unfermented and broken 6
in pieces with oil poured upon it. It
is a present.
" But if you give a boiled present, 7
let it be made of fine flour with oil.
And you shall bring the present that 8
you have made from it to the Ever-
living, and approach to the priest,
and he shall carry it to the altar.
Then the priest shall lift up the 9
95
2— io
LEVITICUS.
4—6
present as a remembrance, and
perfume the altar ; a sweet smell
io delightful to the Ever-living. But
the rest of the present shall be for
Aaron and his sons ; — holy of holies
from the fire of the Ever-living.
ii " Any present which they offer to
the Ever-living shall not be made
with ferment, for not any ferment or
any honey shall be burnt with it as a
12 delight to the Ever-living. You
shall bring them as an offering of the
best kinds to the Ever-living ; they
shall not be burnt upon the altar as a
13 breath of delight. Every offering
presented by you shall be salted with
salt ; and you shall not withhold the
salt of the Covenant of your God
from your presents ; upon every
offering you shall offer salt.
14 "And if you offer a present from
your crops to the Ever-living, it
shall be ears of wheat or oats,1 from
the field, as a present from your
1 5 crops. You shall also put upon it
oil, and add along with it frankin-
16 cense. It is a present ; therefore the
priest shall burn the remembrance
from the corn and from the oil, with
all the frankincense as a perfume to
the Ever-living.
3 " But if anyone offers a thank-
offering, let it be offered from the herd ;
— only a perfect spotless male may be
2 offered to the Ever-living ; and he
shall lay his hand upon the head of
his offering, and slay it at the door of
the Hall of Assembly, and the sons
of Aaron, the priest, shall sprinkle
some of the blood around upon the
3 altar. He shall offer on the altar
the thank-offering as a delight to
the Ever-living; — the fat of the caul,
the chest, and the whole of the fat
4 that is upon the chest ; with the two
kidneys, and the fat that is upon
them ; and on the viscera ; but the
rest on the liver, and upon the kid-
5 neys he shall put aside ; for the sons of
Aaron shall offer them upon the altar
of burnt-offering, with wood and fire,
as a sweet breath to the Ever-living.
6 " But if he offers a sacrifice from
the flock as a thank-offering, let him
7 offer a perfect male or female. If he
offers a lamb as his gift, then he shall
8 bring it before the Ever-living, and
lay his hand upon the head of the
gift, and slay it before the Hall of
1 Heb. : " Fire-corn." For oats are roasted
previous to being ground, to remove the shells
or husks. — F F.
Assembly, and the sons of Aaron
shall sprinkle some of its blood
around the altar, and shall carry to 9
the altar — from the thank-offering
made by fire to the Ever-living, —
the entire fat of the rump cut near
the backbone, and the fat of the
caul, and of the chest, and all the fat
that is upon the chest, and the two 10
kidneys and the fat which is upon
them, with that upon the bowels, and
the remainder that covers the kidneys
he shall put aside ; and the priest 1 1
shall offer them upon the altar as a
sweet scent to the Ever-living.
" But if he offers a gift of a goat 12
before the Ever-living he shall lay 13
his hand upon its head, and slay it
before the Hall of Assembly; and the
sons of Aaron shall sprinkle some of
its blood around the altar, and offer 14
of the gift as a sweet scent to the
Ever-living, the fat of the caul, and
the chest, and the whole of the fat
that is upon the chest, and the two 15
kidneys, and the fat that is on them,
with that upon the bowels, but the
remainder, covering over the kidneys,
he shall put aside. Thus the priest shall 16
burn them on the altar, consuming as
a sweet breath, delightful to the
Ever-living, all the fat.
"It is an Institution for ever, for
your descendants, in all your dwell-
ing-places, that you shall not eat any
fat or any blood."
(TIk =£"rtuj ai ilttbcrlinttani ^tito.
Then the Ever-lining spoke to 4
Moses saying ;
^>ins of a priest.
" Speak to the children of Israel, to 2
command ; —
"The soul that sins by ignorance
in any of the commands of the Ever-
living, through not having done, or
doing it unconsciously ; — If a con- 3
secrated priest shall sin to the injury
of the People ; — then he shall offer for
the sin which he has sinned a
perfect bullock from the fold, to the
Ever-living for his sin. And he 4
shall bring the ox to the door of the
Hall of Assembly before the Ever-
living, and lay his hand upon the
head of the ox, and slay the ox before
the Ever-living. Then the con- 5
secrated priest shall take some of the
blood of the ox and carry it into the
Hall of Assembly, where the priest 6
shall dip his fore-finger into the blood
96
4-7
LEVITICUS.
4-33
seven times before the Ever-living
opposite the door of the sanctuary,
7 and the priest shall put some of the
blood upon the horns of the altar of
perfumed incense which is before the
Ever-living in the Hall of Assembly ,
and the rest of the blood of the ox
shall be poured at the side of the
altar which is at the door of the Hall
8 of Assembly. Then he shall remove
the whole of the fat of the ox of the
sin-offering from it ; — the fat of the
caul, with the chest and all the fat
g upon the chest ; and the two kidneys,
and the fat which is upon them, with
the fat of the bowels, and the
remainder covering the kidneys he
io shall put aside ; exactly as it is taken
from the ox sacrificed as a peace-
offering. Then the priest shall burn
it upon the altar of burnt offering.
ii But all the skin of the ox, and the
whole of the flesh, with its head and
12 chest, and dung, he shall also cause
to be brought, the whole of the ox, to
the outside of the camp, to a clean
place, to burn the fat upon wood
with fire. It shall be burnt where
the ashes are poured out.
Bins nf ilUmbers 0f the |Jarltamettt.
13 " But if any of the fathers of Israel
goes and secretly commits out of the
sight of the public, a breach of one
of the commandments of the Ever-
living, — which they should not do, —
14 and he sins ; then he shall confess
the sin that he has sinned ; and shall
offer Publicly an ox from the fold for
his sin, and bring it to the front of
15 the Hall of Assembly, where the
elders of the Parliament shall lay
their hands upon the head of the
ox before the Ever-living, and slay
16 the ox before the Lord. Then the
consecrated priest shall bring some of
the blood of the ox to the Hall of
17 Assembly, where the priest shall dip
his forefinger into some of the blood,
and sprinkle it seven times before
the Ever-living at the front of the
18 veil. But he shall put some of the
blood upon the horns of the altar,
that is before the Ever-living in
the Hall of Assembly ; and all the
rest of the blood he shall pour out at
the side of the altar of burnt-offerings,
at the door of the Hall of Assembly.
19 He shall then remove the whole of
the fat from it, and offer it on the
20 altar ; and do with the ox as he does
with the ox for a sin-offering, he
shall do the same. Thus the priest
shall expiate for him, and forgive
him.
" Next, he shall cause the ox to be 21
brought outside of the camp and burn
it, as he burnt the former ox. It is a
Publte offering.
^>itts of (Oruinnrn iflnt.
" When a man sins, and breaks one 22
of all the commandments of his
1-ver-livingGod, — which he ought
not to do — by ignorance, and has
sinned : or if he is informed of his sin 23
that he has sinned, then he shall
offer as a gift a perfect ram of the
goats, and lay *his hand upon the 24
head of the ram, and slay it in the
place where the burnt-offerings are
slain before the Ever-living. It is
a sin-offering. Then the priest shall 25
take some of the blood upon the tip
of his forefinger and put it upon the
horns of the altar of burnt-offerings,
and pour the rest of the blood at the
side of the altar of burnt-offerings,
and offer all the fat on the altar, like 26
the fat of the thank-offering, and
expiate for him for his sin ; when it
shall be forgiven to him.
^hto of the Wlorkina. (flasks.
" But if any of the people of the 27
land break a commandment of the
Ever-living, — which ought not to
be done, — and transgresses ; or he is 28
informed that he has sinned some
sin, he shall then bring a perfect she
goat as an offering for the sin he has
sinned, and lay his hand upon the 29
head of the sin-offering, and slay the
sin-offering in the place of burnt-
offerings. Then the priest shall take 30
some of the blood upon his forefinger
and put on the horns of the altar of
burnt-offerings, and pour out the rest
of the blood at the side of the altar ;
and remove the whole of the fat, as 31
he removed the fat from off the
thank-offering. Then the priest
shall offer it upon the altar, as a
breath delightful to the EVER-LIVING,
and the priest shall expiate for him,
and he shall be forgiven.
Che ICnlu of Absolute Willful .^ius.
" But if a person brings his gift for 32
sin, let him bring for it a perfect
female, and lay his hand upon the 33
97
-34
LEVITICUS.
5—23
head of his sin-offering, and slay it
in the place where the burnt-offerings
34 are slain. Then the priest shall take
some of the blood of the sin-offering
on his forefinger and put it on the
horns of the altar of burnt-offerings,
but pour out all the rest of the blood
35 at the side of the altar, and remove
all the fat, as he removed the fat of
the lamb offered for thanks, and the
priest shall consume it upon the altar
as a perfume to the Ever-living,
and the priest shall expiate for him
for his sin that he sinned, and it
shall be forgiven to him.
®Ij£ fEato of Ovulation for Ifrrptrg.
5 " When a person who is a witness
sins when he has taken the declaration
of an oath, about an event he saw, or
knew, if he does not relate it, he shall
2 bear his crime. Or a person who
has touched anything unclean, or a
corpse that is unclean ; or carcase of
an unclean beast ; or an unclean
reptile ; and it was unknown to him ;
3 he is unclean and guilty ; or if he
touches uncleanness of blood, or any
uncleanness that may defile him,
and he did not know it, yet he is
4 guilty ; or a person listening to a libel
injurious to his neighbour, or who de-
lights in anything which injures the
man by being reported, and hides it,
when he knew it, — then he is guilty
5 by it ; and as he has offended in this,
he shall make confession that he has
| 6 sinned over it, and shall bring to the
Ever-living for his fault that he
has sinned, a female lamb from the
sheep, or a female goat for a sin-
offering, and the priest shall expiate
7 for his sin. But if he did not person-
ally participate with the fault, then '
he shall bring for the fault that he
has sinned two turtle-doves, or two
young pigeons, to the Ever-living ; —
one for a sin-offering, and one for a
8 burnt-offering. Let him bring them to I
the priest, and offer that which is for I
the sin-offering first, and wring off its
head from its neck, but not separate
9 it, and sprinkle some of the blood of i
the sin-offering at the side of the !
altar, and throw the rest of the blood j
to the side of the altar for sin-offerings. '
io But make of the second a burnt-
offering for judgment, and the priest '
shall expiate for him for the sin he
has committed ; and it shall be for-
given to him.
ii " But if he does not possess the
98
two turtle-doves or two young pigeons,
then let him bring, as his gift for the
sin he has sinned, the tenth of an
epha of fine flour. He shall not
pour upon it oil, nor put frankincense
with it, for it is a sin-offering, but
bring it to the priest, and the priest 12
shall grasp a handful of it for a
remembrance, and burn it on the
altar, for a perfume to the Ever-
living. It is a sin-offering. Then 13
the priest shall expiate for him over
the sin which he has sinned, and it
shall be forgiven to him. But the gift
shall belong to the Priest."
The Ever-living also spoke to 14
Moses saying ; —
WA]t $nfo about Hhttnttronal .^ins.
" A person who perversely sins in 15
what is holy to the Ever-living,
shall bring for his guilt to the Lord
a perfect ram of the sheep, of the
value of two shekels by the sacred
shekel, for his fault, and that in which 16
he has sinned, in what is holy, he
shall restore fivefold as much for it,
and give it to the priest, and the
priest shall expiate with the ram for
his fault ; and it shall be forgiven to
him.
Snuohnttarti (Hitromt-ooinrr.
" But if a person has sinned and 17
broken one of the commandments of
the Ever-living,— which should not
be done, — and did not know it, yet
he is faulty, and shall bear his fault
and bring a perfect ram of the sheep
on account of his fault to the priest,
and the priest shall expiate for him 18
over his error which he has erred,
when he knew it not; — and it shall
be forgiven to him. It is a fault 19
offering for error to the Ever-
living."
The Ever-living also spoke to 20
Moses saying ; —
U'aru of ^Uu-ocrsr (Criminalito.
" A person who sins, with wilful per- 21
versity against the Ever-Living by
deceiving his neighbour in a contract,
or in a confidential trust ; or robs ;
or betrays his neighbour; or retains 22
a find, and lies about it; and swears
with falsehood about anything which
may injure the man, sins by it. But 23
if it be that he has sinned and done
wrong ; but returns the theft that he
has stolen ; or the deception that he
5—24
LEVITICUS.
7-3
has sinned in ; or the trust that was
entrusted to him ; or the strayling
24 that he has found ; or in anything
where he has sworn about it to de-
ceive, and rectifies it ; on the head of
it he shall add fivefold to what he
took to himself; they shall be given
25 in place of his fault. Then the guilty
man shall bring for the Ever-living
a perfect ram of the sheep to the
26 priest, because of his fault ; and the
priest shall expiate for him before
the Ever-living, and he shall be
forgiven at once, for all that he has
done wrong in it."
6 The' Ever-living also spoke to
Moses saying ; —
(TIjc U'alu for $.aitanal ©ffirhtjjs.
2 "Command Aaron, and his sons,
saying — These are the laws of the
burnt-offerings ; — that is the offerings
for burning upon the altar. All the
night, until daybreak, fire shall burn
upon the altar for it.
3 "The priest shall be clothed with
his garments upon his limbs, and his
frock on to cover his flesh, and he
shall rake out the ashes that the fire
upon the altar produces, and supply
4 wood to the altar. Then he shall
strip off his clothes, and put on other
clothes, and carry the ashes outside
5 the camp to a clean place. The fire
of the altar must burn unextinguished i
upon it. None shall quench it, but
the priest shall lay wood upon it
every morning and lay upon it the
burnt-offering, and incense with the
6 fat of the peace-offerings. The fire
shall always burn upon the altar. It
shall not be quenched.
7 "And these are the laws of the
food gifts, that the sons of Aaron
shall offer before the Ever-living
8 in front of the altar. They shall
take some from the flour of the gift
and put upon the altar, with the
whole of the frankincense which is
with the gift, and burn as incense
upon the altar, as a delightful breath
of remembrance to the Ever-living.
9 But the rest of it Aaron and his sons
shall eat. They shall eat it un-
fermented in the Holy Place in the
10 court of the Hall of Assembly. They
shall not bake their portion with
ferment. I give it to them for a
flavour. It is Holy of Holies, like the ;
sin-offering, and like the trespass- j
11 offering. Any male of the children ;
of Aaron may eat of it. This is a
perpetual constitution, for their de-
scendants. As it is a flavour of the
Ever-living, let all be holy who
touch it."
The Ever-living further spoke to 12
Moses saying : —
U'nlu of (Otfto nt fljc (!Ton2tcration
as Sprifsts.
" This is the gift that Aaron and 13
his sons shall offer during the period
of their consecration. The tenth of
an epha of flour, as a perpetual
offering between daybreak and even-
ing, or half at the daybreak, and half
at the dusk. Let it be made saturated 14
with oil in a pan ; bring it in baked
flat cakes ; a delightful breath to the
Ever-living. The consecrated priest 15
of that course shall make it. It is a
perpetual constitution to the Ever-
living, to be totally burnt. Every 16
food offering from a priest shall be
burnt — you shall not eat it."
(The 4toiu of ^tn-offrrtttgo.
The Ever-living also spoke to 17
Moses, saying —
" Speak commanding Aaron and 18
his sons, —
"These are the laws of the sin-
offering ; — in the place where you slay
the burnt-offering, you shall slay
the sin-offering before the Ever-
living. It is Holy of Holies. The 19
priest that offers it for sin shall eat it
in the Holy Place. Eat it in the
court of the Hall of Assembly. All 20
who touch the flesh shall be holy.
And whoever is sprinkled with the
blood upon his garments, whatever is
sprinkled with it shall wash his cloth-
ing in the Holy Place. Any vessel of 21
pottery, also, in which it is boiled
shall be broken ; and if it is boiled in
a vessel of bronze it shall be scoured,
and washed with water. Every male 22
of the priests may eat of it. It is
Holy of Holies. But any sin-offering 23
that is brought to the Hall of Assembly
for a holy expiation you shall not
eat : — it shall be consumed by fire.
(The Sacrifices for {Trespass.
"These are also laws of the trespass- 7
offerings. They are Holy of Holies.
" In the place where they slay the 2
sacrifices for sin, the}" shall slay the
trespass-offerings, and their blood
shall be sprinkled around the altar,
and all the fat of it shall be offered 3
up ; the fat of the tail, and the fat of
99
7-4
LEVITICUS.
7-35
4 the caul, and of the chest; but the
two kidneys with the fat that is upon
5 them, he shall put aside. Then the
priest shall burn them with incense
at the altar, as a flavour to the Ever-
6 living. It is a trespass-offering.
7 As with the sin-offering, so with the
trespass-offering ; there is one law
for them ; the priest who has ex-
piated with it shall have it for himself.
^Urquisttea of the priests.
8 "The priest who offers up the
burnt-offering for a man, the skin of
the burnt-offering that he has offered,
9 shall belong to the priest. Every
food offering which is baked in an
oven, and all made in a pan, or upon
a pan, it shall belong to the priest
io who presents it. But every food
offering mixed with oil, or dry, shall
belong to all the sons of Aaron, each
one as brothers.
(Tljr 4C'iUu of (TljanU-offmitgs. ano
agahtai HJnsauttani Jfooo.
ii "And these are the laws of the
sacrifices of thanks which may be
12 presented to the Ever-living. If a
man offers for thanksgiving; let him
offer as a sacrifice of thanksgiving,
cakes of unfermented bread mixed
with oil, and unfermented wafers
buttered with oil, and flour saturated
13 by rolling in oil. Let him offer no
cakes of fermented bread with his
gift upon the altar when thanksgiving
14 for a benefit. And let him offer the
same with every offering lifted up to
the Ever-living. It shall belong
to the priest who sprinkles the blood
of the thank-offering for him to the
15 Ever-living. But the flesh of the
sacrifice of the thank-offering shall
be eaten that day ; none of it shall be
left till the next morning.
16 " But if he gives a sacrifice for a
vow, or a free-will gift, he may eat of
it the day it is offered in sacrifice, and
what remains of it he may eat to-
17 morrow. But the remainder of the
flesh of a sacrifice shall be burnt
18 with fire on the third day ; and if he
eats of the flesh of a sacrifice for a
benefit on the third day, it shall not
be accepted as an offering from him ;
it shall not benefit him. It will be
unclean, and the person who eats of
it shall bear his punishment.
19 " Flesh also that has touched any-
thing unclean shall not be eaten ; —
it shall be burnt with fire ; but the
flesh of everything clean may be eaten
as food. But the person who eats 20
the flesh of a sacrifice made to the
Ever-living for a benefit, and defiles
himself over it, — that person shall be
excommunicated from his people.
The person, also, who touches any- 21
thing defiled by the defilement of
blood ; or by an unclean beast, or by
any unclean reptile ; and yet eats of
the flesh as a sacrifice of thanksgiving
to the Ever-living : — that person
shall be excommunicated from his
people."
(Patina, Jfat JJroIjioiteo.
Again the Ever-living spoke to 22
Moses, saying; — "Any of the fat of 23
an ox, or sheep, or goat you shall
not eat ; but the fat of a carcase, and 24
the fat of a torn animal may be used
for any work ; — but you shall not eat
of it, for whoever eats the fat of a 25
beast which is offered to the Ever-
living ; — that person shall be ex-
communicated from his people. Nor 26
shall you eat any blood in any of
your dwelling places, either of bird
or beast. Every person who eats 27
any blood ; that person shall be ex-
communicated from his people."
(The H'alu of aljanli-offn-tnuG.
The Ever-living spoke further to 2S
Moses, saying ; —
" Speak to the children of Israel, 29
saying ; — Whoever offers at the altar
his thank-offeringto the Ever-living,
let him bring his gift to the altar of
the Ever-living for his benefit.
He shall bring in his hand the present 30
to the Ever-living. Bring the
breast with its fat to be waved, for
waving before the Ever-living, but 31
the priest shall burn the fat upon the
altar, and the breast shall be for
Aaron and his sons. The raised leg 32
, also you shall give to the priest who
lifts it up as a sacrifice for a benefit.
I Whoever of the sons of Aaron offers 33
' the blood of the thank-offering, shall
have the right leg for a gift. For the 34
waved breast, and the raised leg I
have taken from the children of Israel,
from their sacrifice of thanks, and I
give them to Aaron the Priest and to
his sons to be taken by them for ever
from the children of Israel.
' ' They are the portion of Aaron , and 35
the portion of his sons from the gifts
to the Ever-living, during the time
100
',
7-36
LEVITICUS.
8-27
they offer them as priests to the Ever-
36 living ; which the EVER-LIVING
commanded to be given to them at
the time He consecrated them, as an
endowment from the children of Israel,
and their posterity for ever."
37 This is the law for burnt-offerings,
and for sins, and for trespasses, and
for consecrations, and for sacrifices of
38 .thanks, which the EVER-LIVING com-
manded to Moses upon Mount Sinai,
at the time He commanded the chil-
dren of Israel to offer gifts to the
Ever-living in the desert of Sinai.
{TIk Uitual nf ^rusiln GT0ttsecrati0tt.
8 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses, saying ; —
2 " Take Aaron, and his sons with
him, with the robes and the oil of con-
secration, and the bull for a sin-offer-
ing, and the two rams, and the basket
3 of biscuits, and the whole of the chiefs
of the Parliament to the door of the
Hall of Assembly."
4 Moses consequently did as the
Ever-living commanded him ; and
summoned the chiefs to the door of
5 the Hall of Assembly. Then Moses
said to the chiefs, "The Ever-living
commands this to be done."
6 Then Moses took Aaron and his
7 sons and washed them in water, and
put the vests upon them, and girt
them with the girdle, and clothed
them with the mantle ; and put the
ephod on him, and girt him with the
embroidered belt of the ephod, and
8 ephoded him with it. Then he put
on the breastplate of the Urim and
9 Thumim ; l and put the turban upon
his head, and fastened upon the turban ,
at the front of it, the golden flower
consecrated to holiness ; as the Ever-
living commanded to Moses.
10 Moses next took the oil of conse-
cration and consecrated the Taber-
nacle and all that was in it, and
11 sanctified them, and sprinkled with
it seven times on the altar, and con-
secrated the altar, and all its instru-
ments; and the bath, and all its cans,
12 to sanctify them ; and poured the oil
of consecration on the head of Aaron,
and consecrated him, to sanctify him.
13 Then Moses brought forward the
sons of Aaron and dressed them with
vests, and girt them with girdles, and
1 The breastplate of " Light and Truth,
when translated from the Hebrew.— F. F.
bound upon them the mitres; as the
Ever-living commanded to Moses.
Next he brought up the bull for a
sin-offering, and Aaron and his sons
laid their hands upon the head of the
bull for a sin-offering. Then he slew
it ; and Moses took some of the blood,
and put it around the horns of the
altar with his forefinger, to purify the
altar from sin ; and he poured out the
rest of the blood at the side of the
altar, and sanctified it with an expia-
tion for it. He also took the fat which
is on the chest, and the other fat of
the liver, and the two kidneys, with
the fat upon them, which Moses burnt
upon the altar. But the bull and its
skin, and its flesh, and its dung he
burnt with fire ; as the Ever-living
commanded to Moses.
Then he took the ram for the burnt-
offering, and Aaron and his sons laid
their hands upon the head of the ram.
Then Moses slew it, and sprinkled
some of the blood on the altar around,
and divided the ram into parts.
Moses then burnt the pieces of the
head, and its fat ; but the chest and the
feet Moses washed in water, and burnt
the whole of the ram upon the altar,
as a whole burnt-offering. It was a
pleasant breath given to the Ever-
living ; as the Ever-living com-
manded Moses.
Then he took the ram — the second
ram — of consecration, and Aaron and
his sons laid their hands upon the
head of the ram. Moses afterwards
slew it, and took some of its blood
and put it on the tip of Aaron's right
ear, and on his right thumb, and on
his right great toe; Moses also
sprinkled the blood upon the altar
around. Next Moses took the sons
of Aaron, and put some of the blood
on the tips of their right ears, and
on the thumbs of their right hands,
and on the great toes of their right
feet. Moses afterwards sprinkled
some of the blood around the altar.
He also took the fat, and the tail, and
the whole of the fat that is on the
chest, and the rest of the fat, and the
two kidneys with their fat, and the
right leg, and some from the basket of
biscuits which was before the EvER-
living ; — he took one biscuit, and one
oil-bread cake, and one wafer, and
placed them with the fats upon the
right leg, and put the whole into the
hands of Aaron and the hands of his
sons, and they waved them before the
' I
[6
17
1 'J
23
25
26
27
8—28
LEVITICUS.
D— 20
28 presence of the Ever-living. Then
Moses took them from their hands,
and offered them as a whole burnt -
offering on the altar, as an appoint-
ment of them. It was an offering of
pleasing flavour to the Ever-living.
29 Moses then took the breast of the
ram of consecration and waved it
before the Ever-living. — It was as
a portion for Moses ; as the Ever-
living commanded to Moses.
30 Moses afterwards took some of the
oil of consecration, and some of the
blood from the altar, and sprinkled
upon Aaron, upon his sons, and upon
his robes and upon the robes of his
sons with him, and sanctified Aaron
and his robes, and his sons, and the
robes of his sons with him.
31 Moses also said to Aaron and his
sons, "Boil the flesh at the door of
the Hall of Assembly, and sit to eat it,
with the bread that is upon the basket
of consecration, as I have been com-
manded to instruct Aaron and his
32 sons that they should eat. But what
is left of the flesh and bread burn
33 with fire. You shall, however, not
quit the Hall of Assembly for seven
days, until the days are fulfilled; —
the days of your consecration ; — for
seven days will complete their
34 number. What has been done to-
day, the Ever-living commanded to
35 be done, to expiate for you. You
shall remain at the door of the Hall
of Assembly day and night for seven
days, and guard the trust of the
Ever-living ; and not remove ; for
so I have been commanded."
36 Aaron and his sons consequently
did all the things that the Ever-
living commanded by the hand of
Moses.
9 But when the eighth day came
Moses summoned Aaron and his sons,
2 and the judges of Israel, and said to
Aaron and his sons; — "Select for
yourselves a perfect heifer from the
fold for a sin-offering, and approach
to the presence of the Ever-living."
3 Then he addressed the children of
Israel, saying ;—
" You must take a ram from the
goats for a sin-offering ; and a lamb
and bullock of a 5Tear old both perfect,
4 for a burnt-offering, with a bull and a
ram for a thank-offering, to sacrifice
before the Kyer-living ; and a food-
offering mixed with oil, for to-day the
Ever-living will appear to you."
5 They consequently brought what
Moses ordered to the front of the
Hall of Assembly, and all the chiefs
approached and stood before the
Ever-living.
Then Moses said ; 6
" This is the thing that the Ever-
living commanded you to do ; now
the majesty of the Ever-living will
appear to you."
Moses next said to Aaron ; "Advance 7-
to the altar and offer the sin-offering,
and the burnt-offering for yourself,
and expiate first on account of Your-
self, afterwards on account of the
People ; and make a gift for the
People, and expiate on account of
them ; as the Ever-living has
commanded."
Aaron consequently advanced to 8
the altar and slew the calf that was
for his sin-offering. The sons of 9
Aaron also advanced to the blood of
it, and dipped their forefingers into
the blood of it, and placed upon the
horns of the altar, and poured the
rest of the blood at the side of the
altar. But the fat, and the kidneys, 10
and the rest from the breast of the
sin-offering, he burnt on the altar; —
as the Ever-living commanded to
Moses; — but the flesh, and the skin, 11
and dung he consumed in fire outside
the camp.
Then he slew the burnt-offering; 12
and the sons of Aaron took some of
its blood, and poured it upon the
altar around.
Then he took the whole burnt- 13
offering to him to divide it, and burnt
its head upon the altar. Afterwards 14
he washed the chest, and the feet,
and burnt them as a burnt-offering
on the altar.
Then he offered the gift for the 15
People, and took the goat for the sin
of the People, and made a sin-offering,
like the former sin-offering. Next he 16
presented the burnt-offering, and did
as with the offering for righteousness.
Afterwards he presented the food- 17
offering, and filled his hand from it,
and burnt it upon the altar, besides
the burnt-offering of the morning.
Then he slew the bull, and the ram, 18
as a sacrifice of thanks from the
People, and the sons of Aaron
brought some of the blood and
sprinkled it around upon the altar,
with the fats from the bull, and the 19
fat from the tail of the ram, the caul,
and the kidneys, and the rest of the
breast ; and they piled up the fats 20
9—21
LEVITICUS.
10-KJ
upon the chest, and burnt the fats
21 upon the altar; but the breast, and
the right leg Aaron waved before the
Ever-living ; — as the Ever-living
commanded Moses.
22 Then Aaron raised his hands and
blessed the People, and came down
from making he sin-offering, and
the burnt-offering, and the thank-
offering.
23 Moses and Aaron next entered
the Hall of Assembly, and went and
blessed the People, — when the
splendour of the Ever-living
24 appeared to all the People, the fire
came from the presence of the Ever-
living and consumed the burnt-
offering on the altar, and the fats.
When all the People saw it they
cheered, and fell upon their faces.
giaftab aitti 5\.b:I)it slain for Dis-
obeotenre to (600.
10 But the sons of Aaron, Nadab and
Abihu, each took a fire-pan, and
placed on them fire, and put incense
upon it, and presented strange fire
before the Ever-living, which they
2 were not commanded, therefore fire
came out from the presence of the
Lord and consumed them, and they
died before the Eord.
3 Consequently Moses said to Aaron,
"What was it that the Ever-living
spoke, saying, ' In approaching Me I
will be sanctified, and respected
before all the People'? " And Aaron
was silent.
4 Lhen Moses called to Mishal, and
to Altzaphan, sons of Azial, the uncle
of Aaron, and said to them ; —
" Approach ! and take up those
from the presence of the sanctuary
to the outside of the camp."
5 So they approached, and carried
them in their vestments to the outside
of the camp, as Moses had ordered.
6 Then Moses said to Aaron and to
Aliazar, and k to Aithamar, his sons,
" You shall not uncover your heads,
and you shall not strip off your
robes, lest you should die, and anger
come upon all the congregation ; but
your relatives of all the house of
Israel, shall weep for the burning that
7 the Ever-living has burnt. You
shall also not come out of the
Hall of Assembly, lest you should
die, — for the oil of consecration to
the Ever-living is upon you."
So they did as Moses ordered.
OHje priests forbiuuen to £)rink
Sntoiirnnto before oohto, to
the ^nnetitnrir.
Then Moses spoke to Aaron and 8
commanded ; —
"You or your sons with you shall 9
not drink of wine or an intoxicant
when you are going to the Hall of
Assembly, — so that you may not die.
This is an everlasting institution for
your posterity.
" For you shall distinguish between 10
the Sacred and the Common, and
between Sin and Purity, so that you 11
may teach the sons of Israel all the
Institutions which the Ever-living
dictated to them by means of Moses."
Moses also spoke to Aaron, and 12
Aliazar, and Aithamar, his sons ; —
"Take again another food-offering
I for a present to the Ever-living,
! and eat it with biscuits at the side of
the altar, for it is Holy of Holies,
j therefore you shall eat it in the Holy 13
! Place, for it is a portion to you, and a
portion to your sons from the presents
to the Ever-living, for so I have
been commanded. But you may eat 14
the waved breast, and the raised leg
in a clean place, you and your sons,
■ and your daughters with you ; for they
! are given from My altar as a portion
to you and to your children as thank-
offerings from the children of Israel.
The raised leg and the waved breast, 15
with the presents of the fats which
they bring to be waved, you shall
wave before the Ever-living, and
, they shall be for you and your children
; for a perpetual portion, — as the
j Ever-living has commanded."
But when Moses inquired for the 16
1 goat for the sin-offering, he found it
had been burnt ; therefore he was
angry with Aliazar and Aithamar. the
I sons of Aaron, again, and said ; —
" Why have you not eaten the sin- 17
offering in the Holy Place ? — for it is
j Holy of Holies, — and it was given to
you to bear the frailty of the congre-
gation, to expiate for them before the
Ever-living. Look ! its blood was 18
not brought into the sanctuary. You
ought to have eaten it in the sanctuary
as 1 commanded."
Then Aaron spoke to Moses, " On 19
the day they presented their sin-
offering, and their burnt-offering
before the Ever-living, you in-
1 structed me about it, and I ate the
103
10— 20
LEVITICUS.
H-35
sin-offering that day. Let that com-
pensate in the eyes of my Lord.'
20 So Moses listened and it compen-
sated in his eyes.
Clean anti (iturleau JfooflG.
11 Then the Ever-living spoke to
Moses and to Aaron saying to them ; —
2 " Speak to the children of Israel to
command ; —
" These are what you may eat of all
the animals that are upon the earth : —
(The ICaroG of Animal 3fooo.
3 " All that have hoofs, and divide the
hoofs, and chew the cud ; — you may
eat those beasts : —
4 " But you shall not eat those that
chew the cud, and do not divide the
hoof; —
" The camel ; for it chews the cud,
but has not divided the hoof. It is
unclean to you ; —
5 " And the jerboa, for it chews the
cud, but has not a divided hoof; —
it is unclean to you ;
6 " And the Leaper,1 for it chews the
cud, but has not a divided hoof; it is
unclean to you ;
7 "And the swine; although it has
hoofs, and divides the hoof, but it
does not chew the cud ; it is unclean
to you ; —
S " You shall not eat of theirflesh, nor
touch their carcases ; they are unclean
to you ;
Clean 3fbh.
9 " You may eat of all these that are
in the waters ; —
"All that have fins and scales, in
the waters, and the seas, and the
rivers ; you may eat them.
10 " But all that have not fins and
scales on them in the waters, and
rivers, of all the swarms of the waters,
and of every form of life that is in
the waters, they must be loathsome to
11 you; and their flesh shall be loath-
some to you. You shall not eat of
their carcases ; you shall loathe them.
12 All in the waters that have not fins and
scales, shall be loathsome to you.
otnclcatt ano Clean <Gtrus.
13 "And these shall be loathsome to
you among birds. You shall not eat
them ; they are loathsome. The
eagle, and the osprey, and the fish-
14 hawk ; the kite, and the vulture
1 In Hebrew "Arnabeth" means a Leaper
usually rendered " hare." but more probably
the Kangaroo.— F. F.
species; and all the raven species; 15
and the ostrich, and the goatsucker, 16
and seagull and the buzzard species ;
and the pelican, and the gannet, and 17
the owl; and the crested owl, and 18
the turkey buzzard, and the carrion-
eagle ; and the stork, and snorter 19
species ; and hoopoo, and the bat ;
and every winged reptile that crawls 20
shall be loathsome to you.
" However you may eat of these; 21
of all the swarms of wing that crawl,
that have knees above their feet to
leap upon the earth, you may eat 22.
these from among them ; the locust
kind, and the cockchafer kind ; and
the grasshopper kind ; but all the 23
winged-breed that crawls on its feet
shall be loathsome to you, and they 24
defile. All who touch their dead
bodies are unclean until the evening.
And anyone who carries their carcases 25
I shall wash his clothes and be unclean
until the evening.
" Besides every beast that has hoofs, 26
but does not divide its hoofs, and
l does not chew the cud ; they are un-
; clean to you. All who touch them
are unclean.
"And everything that walks upon 27
its paws ; every insect that goes on
all fours ; — they are unclean to you :
everyone who touches their dead
bodies is unclean, and whoever carries 28
their dead bodies shall wash his
clothes and be unclean until the
evening. They are unclean to you.
olnrlcan IT cr mi it.
" These also are unclean to you of 29
the species breeding upon the earth ;
the mole, and the mouse, and the
lizard species ; the groaner, and the 30
panter, and the shrew, and the ignan-
odon, and the camelion. These are 31
unclean to you in all their breeds;
all touching them when dead shall be
unclean until the evening; and all 32
who eat of them when dead are un-
clean ; and all upon which any of them
may fall, and any vessel of wood, or
clothing, or skin, or a sack, — any
article that is made use of, — shall
be put into water, and be unclean
until the evening ; — then pure. And 33
any- vessel of earthenware that they
fall into, all that they fall into, is
unclean, and it shall be broken ; and 34
all food that they have gnawed, or
their water falls upon, is unclean ;
and any cup from which they drink,
of all vessels, is unclean. And any 35
104
11—36
LEVITICUS.
13-5
thing upon which their dead bodies
may fall is unclean ; — pan, or tub —
it shall be broken. They are unclean
36 and shall be unclean to ytm. Except
a spring, or well, or reservoir of
water; — they shall be pure : — but all
touching their dead bodies are un-
37 clean. But if their dead bodies fall
upon any grain to be used for seed
38 that is to be sown, it is pure. Also
if you have put water upon the seed,
after their dead bodies fall upon it, it
is clean to you.
battle unhuj oi gts*ase (ilnrlmt.
39 " And when any of the cattle, that
you possess for food dies, whoever
touches its carcase is unclean until
40 evening ; and whoever eats from its
carcase, shall wash his clothes and
41 be unclean until the evening; and
whoever carries the carcase shall
wash his clothes and be unclean
until the evening.
31U HcuttU'5 arc (itnclrrm.
" All vermin, also, of the vermin
on the earth shall be loathsome ; it
shall not be eaten.
42 " Everything going upon its belly ;
and everything going by crawling
upon many feet, of all the vermin
of the vermin of the earth, you
shall not eat, for they are loath-
43 some. You shall not make your-
selves loathsome with the bodies of
any of the spawn of the vermin,
and you shall not defile yourselves
with them, nor be defiled by them ;
44 for I am your Ever-living God,
Who sanctifies you, and you shall be
health}', for I am Holy, and you
shall not defile yourselves or your
lives by any of the vermin that crawls
45 upon the earth ; for the Ever-livixg
brought you up from the land of Mitzer
to be a God to you ; so you must
be healthy ; — for I am Holy.
46 " These are the laws about cattle,
and birds, and every animal life that
crawls in the waters, and every
animal life that spawns upon the
47 land; with the difference between the
unclean and the pure, and between
the animals for food, and the animals
that are not for food."
12 The Ever-livixg also spoke to
Moses saying ; —
^nrtitanr 41'aluc, for oat omen.
2 " Speak to tfie children of Israel
commanding ; —
" A woman who is delivered and
bears a boy is unclean for seven days,
as though she were unclean with the
uncleanness of menstruation ; and at 3
the eighth day his fore-flesh shall be
circumcised. But for a period of 4
thirty-three days she shall be secluded
for her purification. She shall not
approach anything sacred, and shall
not come to the sacred place until the
days of her purification are completed.
" But if she bears a girl, then she 5
shall be separated as unclean for
twice seven, as in menstruation ; and
for a period of sixty-six days she
shall be secluded, for purification from
her blood. But upon the completion 6
of the days of her purification for a
son or for a daughter, she shall bring
a she lamb of one year for a burnt-
offering, and a young dove or a turtle
dove, as a sin-offering to the door of
the Hall of Assembly, to the priest,
and he shall present them before the 7
Eyer-liyixg, and expiate for her,
and purify her for the flow of her
blood. — These are the laws about the
childbirth of a boy or girl.
" But if she does not possess a she 8
lamb, then she shall take two turtle
doves, or two young pigeons, one for
a burnt-offering, and the other for a
sin-offering, and the priest shall ex-
piate for her, and she shall be pure."
^auttiirn il'rtluo of (I'ontnnioiis
Diorasco.
The Ever-living also spoke to 13
- Moses and Aaron saying ; —
"When a man has on the skin of 2
his flesh a swelling or scab, or scurf,
and there is on the skin of his flesh
an irritation, he shall go to Aaron the
priest or to one of the medical priests,
and shall show the priest the spot on 3
j the skin of his body, and the hair in
the spot turned white. Should the
spot appear hollow under the skin of
his body, it may be a contagion, and
the priest shall diagnose it, for it is a
j disease.
" But if a white scurf is upon the 4
skin of his body, which does not
appear to be below the skin, and the
hair is not changed to white, then the
priest shall isolate the patient for
seven days ; and upon the seventh 5
day the priest shall examine the
patient, and if the mark appears to
him to stand still, without the spot
spreading, the priest shall isolate
105
13-6
LEVITICUS.
13-34
him for a second seven days; but the
priest shall examine him on the
seventh day the second time, and if
the mark is mitigated, and the spot
has not spread on the skin, then the
priest shall cleanse off the scurf from
it, and he shall wash his clothes, and
be clean. But if the eruption spreads,
and with scabs on the skin, after he
has shown himself to the priest to be
pronounced clean, then he shall show
himself again to the priest, and the
priest shall examine him, and if the
eruption has spread on his skin, the
priest shall declare him diseased with
a contagion.
" When a man has been attacked
by a contagion, he shall go to a priest,
and the priest shall examine him,
and if he sees a white swelling in his
skin, and if the hair has turned white,
and corrupting flesh lives in the
swelling, it is chronic leprosy on the
skin of his body, and he is unclean.
The priest shall not isolate him, but
he is unclean.
" But if the disease spreads on the
skin, and the irritation covers the
whole of his skin with an attack from
his head to his feet, he shall show all
to the eye of the priest, and the priest
shall examine it ; and if the irritation
covers the whole of his body, and the
eruption is bright, all of it, turned
white, — he is clean ; but if at any
time raw flesh appears, he is con-
tagious ; therefore he shall show the
raw flesh to the priest, and be de-
clared contagious ; — the raw flesh is a
contagion ; — it is contagious. But if
the raw flesh ceases and turns white, —
he shall also go to the priest, and the
priest shall examine it, and if the
eruption has turned white and bright,
the priest shall declare him free from
contagiousness.
"When there is on the body a burn-
ing ulcer to be cured, and there may
be on the inflamed part a white swell-
ing, or a white-reddish scurf, it shall
be shown to the priest, and the priest
shall examine it, and if he sees a sink-
ing of the skin and the hair turning
white, the priest shall declare him
unclean with a contagion of spreading
inflammation.
" But if when the priest examines
him, there is no white hair, and there
is no sinking in the skin, but there is
degeneration, then the priest shall
isolate him for seven days, and if it
spreads in the skin, then the priest
shall declare him diseased by a
contagious attack. But if after- 23
wards, the inflammation abating,
the irritation ceases to burn in the
ulcers the priest shall declare him
clean.
" When there is in the flesh an 24
acute inflammation, and there is
rawness on the inflammation, with
white scurf, and red and white
pimples ; when the priest examines 25
him, and observes the hair to be
turning white, on the scurf, and he
observes pitting in the skin, it
is an attack of inflammatory ulcera-
tion, and the priest shall pronounce
him diseased. It is a contagious
disease.
" But if on examining it, the priest 26
does not perceive white hair on the
inflammation, nor a pitting in the
skin, but it is fiery; — then the priest
shall isolate him for seven days ; but 27
when the priest shall re-examine him
on the seventh day, if it is spreading
over the skin, the priest shall declare
him unclean. It is a contagious
disease. But if afterwards the inflam- 28
mation abates, and does not spread
on the skin, but the inflammation of
the swelling is relaxed ; then the priest
shall pronounce him clean, for it is
only an attack of inflammation.
" And when a man or woman may 29
have spots on the head or chin, the 30
priest shall examine the spot, and if
he sees on examining it a sinking in
the skin, and with it a small yellow
hair ; then they are unclean, until
the priest has extirpated it. It is a
disease of the head or chin.
" But when the priest examines, if 31
the attack is extirpated, and discovers
after examination that there is no
depression on the skin, and strong
black hair on it, then the priest shall
isolate the patient he has cured seven
days. But the priest shall examine 32
the patient on the seventh day, and
if it has not spread during the seclu-
sion and there is not on him a yellow
hair, and he observes not upon the
isolated person a depression in the
skin, the priest shall cause the patient 33
to be shaved, and the priest shall
isolate the patient for a second seven
days. But the priest shall examine 34
the patient on the seventh day, and
if it has not spread upon the patient's
skin, and he observes that there is
not a pitting of the skin, then the
priest shall pronounce him clean ;
106
13-35
LEVITICUS.
14-6
and he shall wash his clothes and
be clean.
35 " But if it spreads upon the patient's
skin, after he has been pronounced
36 clean, the priest shall re-examine
him, and if he observes a spreading
on the skin of the patient, the priest
need not examine for the yellow hair ;
37 he is unclean. But if when the patient
stands for re-inspection and black hair
has sprung up on him, the patient is
cured. The priest shall pronounce
him clean.
38 " And if a man or woman has in the
skin of their body a bright shining
39 with whiteness, then the priest shall
examine, and if he observes in the
skin of their body a bright shining,
with whiteness, it is an eruption
flowering in the skin. It is clean.
40 " And if a person is sprinkled with
41 baldness on his head he is clean. And
if at the front of his face his head is
sprinkled, it is fore-baldness. He is
42 clean. But if there should be upon
his bald head or forehead, a whitish-
red outbreak, it is an ulcerous attack,
whether on the crown or the forehead ;
43 so the priest shall examine it, and if
he observes a rising white-reddish
eruption upon the crown or the fore-
head when he examines the scurf
44 on the skin of the body, the man is
diseased, — he is unclean — the priest
shall declare him unclean by a
45 disease of the head ; but the attack
is constitutional. His clothes shall
be torn, and his head shall be un-
covered, and he shall not curl his
beard ; but shall cry Unclean, Un-
46 clean ! all the time he is suffering it,
he is unclean. He must be isolated,
outside the camp ; must be made to
remain outside.
47 "The clothing, also, that may be
upon him is infected by the disease ; —
whether woollen clothing, or cotton
48 clothing ; whether warped and wefted
with wool or cotton, or of skin, or of
49 any preparation of skin ; and if there
is a greenish or reddish stain, on the
clothing, or skin, whether of warp or
weft ; or any article of skin is marked
by the discharge, it shall be examined
50 by the priest. The priest who ex-
amines the patient shall then isolate
51 the sufferer for seven days ; but shall
re-examine the patient on the seventh
day, when if the infection has dis-
charged upon the clothing, whether
in warp or weft, or on the skin of any
article made of skin for use, it is an
attack of itch.1 It is unclean. Conse- 52
quently he shall burn that clothing
whether warped and weft, whether of
wool or cotton, or of any article of
skin, in which the infection may be,
for it is infected with itch ; — it must be
burnt in fire. But if when the priest 53
examines it, he observes that the
infection has not spread in the fabric
of warp and weft, or in the leather or
any article of leather, then the priest 54
shall order them to wash whatever
has the infection upon it, and isolate
them for a second seven days. But 55
the priest shall examine the infected
articles after the washing, and if he
observes that the infection has not
disappeared from sight, and the stain
has not gone, it is unclean. They
shall consume it in fire. It is corroded
by vermin or microbes.
" But even if when the priest ex- 56
amines, and observes a mitigation of
the attack, after the washing of it, yet
there is a wearing away from the
garment, or from the skin, or from
the warp, or from the weft, and he 57
perceives that the garment of warp
and weft, or any article of leather,
is still fretted, they shall burn in fire
everything in which the infection
remains. But the clothing of warp 58
and weft, or any article of leather
which has been washed and the infec-
tion has departed from them, shall be
washed a second time, and be clean.
" These are the laws respecting in- 59
fection in clothing of wool or cotton,
of warp and weft, or any article of
skin, as to cleanness or uncleanness."
^auttrtru ftaius for (&anbale&cenl&.
The Ever-living also spoke to 14
Moses, saying ; —
" These are the laws about sufferers 2
from infectious diseases at the time
they are cured, and submitted to the
priest.
" The priest shall go to the outside 3
of the camp, and the priest shall
examine, and look at the patient
recovered from infection. Then the 4
priest shall prepare, and take for
purification two clean living birds,
and cedar wood, and scarlet wool,
and hysop ; — and the priest shall 5
prepare and slay the first bird into
a vessel full of living water, then 6
take the living bird to him, and the
F. F.
Literally "with irritation an attack.
107
14 -7
LEVITICUS
I4-32
cedar wood, and the scarlet wool, and
the hysop, and sprinkle them and the
living bird in the blood of the slain
7 bird and the living water, and also
upon the man cleansed from the
infection, seven times, and declare
him clean, and send the living bird
8 out into the open field. Afterwards
the cleansed man shall wash his
clothes, and shave his head, and bathe
in water, and be clean, and after that
go into the camp. He shall however
keep out of his tent for seven days.
9 But on the seventh day he shall shave
the whole of his head, both the head
and his beard, and his eyebrows ; he
shall also shave the whole of his hair,
and wash his clothes and bathe his
io body in water, and be clean. Upon
the eighth day he shall also take two
perfect he lambs, and a perfect ewe
lamb of one year, and three tenths
of flour mixed with oil as a food-offer-
ii ing, and one log of oil, and the priest
shall station the cleansed man, or
the cleansed woman, before the
presence of the Ever-living, at
the door of the Ha 11 of Assembly.
12 " Then the priest shall take one of
the he lambs and present it as a tres-
pass-offering, with the log of oil, and
wave them before the Ever-living,
13 and slay the lamb in the place where
they slay the sin-offering, and the
burnt-offerings, in the Holy Place ; for,
as a sin-offering, the trespass-offering
shall be Hoi}- of Holies to the priest.
14 The priest shall also take some of the
blood of the trespass-offering and
place upon the tip of the right ear
of the recovered man, and upon the
thumb of his right hand, and upon
15 the great toe of his right foot. Then
let the priest take some of the log of
oil and pour it into the palm of the
16 priest's left hand, and dip the right
hand of the priest in the oil that is in
his left hand palm, and sprinkle the
oil seven times with his finger before
17 the Ever-living, and from the rest
of the oil that is in his palm, the
priest shall put some upon the tip of
the right ear of the restored person,
and upon the thumb of his right
hand, and upon the great toe of his
right foot, with some of the blood of
18 the trespass-offering. And the rest
of the oil that is in the palm of the
priest, he shall put upon the head
of the recovered person. — Thus shall
the priest expiate for him before the
Ever-living.
" The priest shall also make a
sin-offering, and expiate for the re-
covered man for his sins, and slay
a burnt-offering for him. Thus
the priest shall offer up the burnt-
offering, and the food-offering on
the altar, and expiate for him.
The priest shall afterwards declare
him clean.
" But if he is poor, and has no pro-
perty, then he shall take a single he
lamb for a trespass-offering to wave,
to expiate for himself, and a tenth of
flour mixed with oil for a food-offering,
and a log of oil ; or two turtle-doves
or two young pigeons, whichever he
may possess, and one shall be for a
sin-offering, and the other for a burnt-
offering. He shall bring them upon
the eighth day after his recovery to
the priest, at the door of the Hall of
Assembly, to present to the Ever-
living. Then the priest shall take
the lamb for a trespass-offering, and
the log of oil, and the priest shall
wave them before the Ever-living,
and slay the lamb for a trespass-offer-
ing. Then the priest shall take some
of the blood of the trespass-offering
and put it upon the tip of the right
ear of the recovered person, and upon
the thumb of the right hand, and
upon the great toe of the right foot.
The priest shall also pour some of
the oil into the priest's left hand
palm, and the priest shall sprinkle
with his right forefinger some of the
oil which is in his left palm, seven
times before the Ever-living. Then
the priest shall put some of the oil
that is in his left palm upon the tip
of the right ear of the recovered per-
son, and upon the thumb of his right
hand, and upon the great toe of his
right foot, on the place for the blood
of the trespass-offering. But the rest
of the oil that is in the palm of the
priest he shall put upon the head of
the recovered person, to expiate for
him before the Ever-living. Or he
shall take one of the turtle-doves, or
young pigeons, which he possesses ;
— which he holds in his hand ; — the
one for a sin-offering, and the other
for a burnt-offering, with the food-
offering. — Thus the priest shall ex-
piate for the recovered person before
the EVER-LIVIN(r.
" These are the laws about those
attacked by contagious disease, who
do not possess enough for the regular
purification.''
19
23
3<>
31
32
108
14-33
LEVITICUS.
15
(Tire ^tmitnriT §tato for jghrellxng
1J0UGC5.
33 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses and to Aaron, to command ; —
34 " When you arrive in the land of
Canan, which I shall give to you
to possess, and find a contagious
disease in a house in the land you
35 possess, then the owner of the house
shall go to the priest and inform
him, saying that a contagious disease
36 has appeared in his house, and de-
mand that the priest should visit the
house. The priest shall at once go
and enquire the nature of the disease,
and declare all in the house unclean.
Then, after that, the priest shall go to
37 examine the house itself, and enquire
into the disease, and if he finds the
infection in the walls of the house ; —
the drains having a greenish-yellow,
or purplish, rotting, and there appears
38 decay in their walls, then the priest
shall remove the family from the
neighbourhood of the house and
isolate the house for seven days.
39 But the priest shall re-visit it on the
seventh day and examine it again,
and if the infection has spread in the
40 drains1 of the house, the priest shall
command, and they shall pull away
the stones in which the infection is,
and remove them to the outside of
the town, to the receptacle for refuse ;
41 and the house shall be cut off from
the houses surrounding it, and they
shall pour out the rubbish caused by
the cutting it off at the outside of the
town, into the receptacle for refuse.
42 Then they shall take other stones in
the place of these stones, and take
other mortar, and repair the house.
43 But if the infection returns and
spreads in the family after the re-
moval of the stones, and after the
destruction of the stones, and after
the cutting off of the house, and after
44 its repairing ; then the priest shall
come and examine it, and if he
observes the infection spreading in
the house, it is a virulent contagion
45 — the house itself is unclean. There-
fore he shall break down the house
with its stones, and its timber, and
all the mortar of the house, and cam-
it outside the town to the refuse heap.
l Literally " ditch " or " runnings," n"T*p
in root, Heb. S"^ p- to run towards, improperly
translated walls in the current versions. —
F. F.
And whoever enters that house, all 46
the time that it is isolated, shall be
unclean until the evening. Whoever 47
rests in that house shall wash his
clothes ; and whoever eats in that
house shall wash his clothing.
" But if the priest upon coming to 48
examine observes that the infection
is not spreading in that house after
the house has been repaired ; — then
the priest shall pronounce the house
clean ; for it is cured of the infection.
Then he shall take, as a sin-offering 49
for the house, two he-goats, and cedar
wood, and scarlet wool and hysop,
and slay one of the goats into an 50
earthen bowl filled with living water,
then prepare the cedar wood, and 51
hysop, and scarlet wool, and the liv-
ing goat, and dabble them with some
blood of the slain goat, and with the
living water, and sprinkle the house
seven times, and expiate for the house 52
by the blood of the goat, and by living
water, and by the living goat, and by
the cedar wood, and scarlet wool.
Afterwards he shall turn the living 53
goat outside the village on the face
of the field, and expiate for the house,
and declare it clean.
" These are the laws about any 54
infectious disease, and its removal,
and for infected fabrics or houses ; 55
and for ulcerations, and running 56
sores, and for scrofula, with eruptions, 57
— from the day of contagion, until
the day of their cure ; — these are the
laws of infection."
^nnttanj itaius for fSesxtttl Qisrasra.
The Ever-livixg also spoke to 15
Moses and to Aaron, saying ;■. —
" Speak to the children of Israel 2
and say to them ;
" If any one of you has a discharge
from their generative organs, they
are diseased. These then are the 3
diseases in his genitals : a discharge
from his generative organ ; or if the
organ ceases from generative power.
He is then unhealthy. Any bed upon 4
which the sufferer from such "dis-
charge lies is defiled ; and every chair
upon which he sits is defiled ; and 5
any persons touching his bed shall
wash their clothes, and bathe in water,
and be unclean until the evening.
And whoever sits on an article where 6
the sufferer from the discharge has
sat, shall wash their clothing, and
bathe in water, and be unclean until
the evening. And whoever touches 7
109
15-
LEVITICUS.
I6-3
the discharging flesh, shall wash his
clothing, and bathe in water, and be
8 unclean until the evening. And upon
whoever the issue spurts in cleansing
it, the}- also shall wash their clothing,
and bathe in water, and be unclean
9 until evening. And every carriage
upon which the patient rides is un-
io clean. And anyone touching any-
thing that has been under him, shall
be unclean until the evening, and
whoever carries them shall wash their
clothing, and bathe in water, and be
ii unclean until evening. And every-
one who touches the sufferer from
that discharge, with his hand, shall
plunge it in water, and wash his
clothes, and bathe in water, and be
12 unclean until the evening. And an
article of pottery that has touched
the patient with that discharge, shall
be broken ; and any article of wood
shall be washed with a rush of water.
13 " But when he is cured of the dis-
charging, fix for him seven days to
purify himself ; and to wash his
clothing, and to bathe his body in
14 living water, and to cleanse. Then
upon the eighth day let him prepare
two turtle-doves, or two young pigeons,
and go to the priest before the Ever-
living, at the door of the Hall of
15 Assembly, and the priest shall offer
one of them as a sin-offering, and the
other as a burnt-offering. Thus the
priest shall expiate for him before
the Ever-living for the discharge.
16 " And a man from whom has come
the pouring of seed, shall wash the
whole of his flesh in water, and be
17 unclean until the evening, and any
fabric, or any skin, upon which shall
be the pouring of seed, shall also be
washed in water, and be unclean until
18 the evening. And every woman with
whom a man has poured the pour-
ing of seed, shall also wash in water
and be unclean until evening.
19 " And a woman with whom may be
menstruation shall have seven days
for the discharge of her body in seclu-
sion, and all touching her shall be
20 unclean until the evening. And all
that she has upon her during her
seclusion is unclean, and all she sits
21 upon is unclean ; and all who touch
her bed shall wash their clothes and
bathe in water, and be unclean until
22 the evening. And all touching any
article upon which she has sat, shall
wash their clothing and bathe in
water and be unclean until the even-
ing. And if anyone lies down with 23
her, or upon any article where she
has sat, or touches it, they are un-
clean until the evening. And if any 24
husband copulates with her, when
there is menstruation on her, then
he shall be unclean for seven days,
and any bed upon which he copulated
with her is unclean.
4taiu of ^filial QtsrascG in (Kttoitunt.
" But a woman who has a discharge 25
of blood for many days, which is not
her menstruation, or who discharges
sap at her menstruation for a long
period, beyond the time of her men-
strual period, is unclean.
" Every bed upon which she lies 26
all the time of her discharge, shall be
to her as a bed of menstruation ; and
every article upon which she sits
shall be unclean, as with menstrual
uncleanness ; and whoever touches 27
her is unclean, and shall wash their
clothes and bathe their bodies and be
unclean until the evening.
" But if she is cured of her dis- 28
charge, appoint seven days for her,
and afterwards she shall be clean.
Then at the eighth day she shall take 29
two turtle-doves, or two young pigeons,
and bring them to the priest at the
door of the Hall of Assembly, and 30
the priest shall make of the one a
sin-offering, and of the other a burnt-
offering, and the priest shall expiate
for her before the Ever-living, for
the defect of her uncleanness.
"In this way the children of Israel 31
shall separate themselves from their
sins, and not die in their sins ; with
the sins of the populations among
whom you reside.
" These are the laws regulating 32
generative diseases, that come to you
from sexual sins."
H'alus for tljr iRmtstn-ino, ^Jrirsts.
The Ever-living also spoke to 16
Moses, after the death of the two
sons of Aaron, while offering in the
presence of the Lord, when He killed
them. The Ever-living then said 2
to Moses ;
"Say to Aaron your brother, that
he must not come at all times from
the sanctuary of the house to within
the veil before the expiatories which
are over the ark, lest he should die ;
for I appear in the cloud upon the
coverings.
" This is how Aaron must go to 3
16-.
LEVITICUS.
I6-28
the sanctuary ; with a bull, the son
of the fold, for a sin-offering, and a
4 ram for a burnt-offering ; his body
clothed with the sacred robes, and
his trousers shall be upon his body,
and girt with his waist belt, and
turbaned with his turban, and with
the sacred robes ; and his body and
5 clothing washed in water ; and he
shall take two goats for a sin-offering,
and a ram for a burnt-offering, for
the Chiefs of the Children of Israel.
6 " And Aaron shall present the bull
he has with him for the sin-offering,
and expiate for the sins of himself,
and the family of his own house ;
7 then take the two goats and place
them before the Ever-living, at the
8 door of the Hall of Assembly ; where
Aaron shall cast lots over the two
goats; — to allot one to the Ever-
living and allot the other asascape-
9 goat. Aaron shall afterwards sacri-
fice the goat which the lot came upon
io for the Ever-living; and the goat
which the lot came upon for a scape-
goat, he shall place alive before the
Ever-living, to expiate with it, by
sending it as a scapegoat into the
field.
ii "Aaron shall next sacrifice the
bull on account of his own sins, and
expiate for himself, and on account
of his own house ; and slay the bull
12 for his own sins. Then he shall take
a shovelful of burning coals from off
the altar before the Ever-living,
and fill his hand with sweet incense
powder, and bring it from the house
13 to the veil, and put the incense on to
the fire before the Ever-living, and
the cloud from the incense shall
cover the veil that is over the wit-
nesses,— and he shall not die.
14. " Let him next take some of the
blood of the bull and sprinkle with
his forefinger before the veil towards
the east ; and before tne expiatories
he shall sprinkle the blood seven
15 times with his finger ; then slay the
goat that is for the sins of the nation,
and bring some of its blood from the
house to the veil, and do with that
blood as he did with the blood of
the bull, and sprinkle some of it
upon the veil, and before the veil,
16 and expiate for the sins of the
children of Israel, and for their re-
bellions with all their sins ; and do
the same to the Hall of Assembly
which is erected in the midst of their
17 sins; and no person shall be in the
Hall of Assembly when he goes to
expiate in the sanctuary, when he
expiates on account of himself, and
on account of his house, and for the
whole congregation of Israel. Then 18
he shall come to the altar that is
before the Ever-livinc; and expiate
for himself, and take some of the blood
of the bull, and some of the blood of
the ram, and put upon the horns at the
side of the altar, and sprinkle some 19
of the blood with his forefinger
seven times, and purify it, and sanc-
tify himself from the sins of the
children of Israel. When he has 20
finished expiating for the sanctuary,
and the Hall of Assembly, and the
altar: — he shall then present the
live goat; and Aaron shall lay his 21
two hands upon the head of the live
goat, and confess upon it the whole
of the frailties of the children of
Israel, and the whole of their faults,
and the whole of their sins, and lay
them upon the head of the goat, and
send it by the hand of a man of My
People into the desert ; and that goat 22
shall carry upon itself the whole of
their frailties to the land of forgetful-
ness ; thus the goat shall be sent to
the desert.
" Aaron shall next go to the Hall 23
of Assembly, and strip off from him-
self the robes with which he was
clothed at his going to the sanctuary,
and leave them there ; and bathe his 24
body in water in the Holy Place,
then put on his robes, and come and
offer the burnt-offering for himself,
and the burnt-offering for the nation,
and expiate on account of himself
and on account of the nation ; and 25
burn the fat of the sin-offerings with
incense upon the altar.
®lj£ ^carmioat-mau'a Chxtu.
" The man who drove out the 26
scapegoat shall afterwards wash his
clothes, and bathe his body in water,
and then he may go into the camp.
®lje ^)rxr;:;ts* flutn ronthuicu. and
4Liitnurt0 the ^in-offering outside
the (Tamp.
" Next the bull of the sin-offering, 27
and the ram of the sin-offering, some
of whose blood was brought for
expiating to the sanctuary, shall be
brought to the outside of the camp,
and burnt with fire ; — the skin, and
the flesh, and the dung. But the 28
16—2Q
LEVITICUS.
18
person who burns them shall wash his
clothes, and bathe his body in water;
previous to returning to the camp.
f Ije lUasflit for tljr 3frstiual.
29 " This shall be a perpetual Institu-
tion for you in the seventh month,
in the tenth day of the month, that
you may humble yourselves, and do
no business, either the native, or the
30 foreigner living amongst you, for on
that day there is an expiation made
for you, to purify you from all your
sins before the Ever-living ; you
31 must be pure. It shall be to you a
Rest of Rests, when you shall humble
your lives: an Institution for ever.
32 At that time the priest who has been
consecrated, and who has been ap-
pointed as priest in the place of his
fathers, and has put on himself the
33 sacred robes, shall thus expiate for
the Holy of Holies, and the Hall of
Assembly ; and also expiate for the
altar, and for the priests, and expiate
for all the people of the congregation.
34 And this shall be a perpetual Institu-
tion for you, to expiate for the whole
of the children of Israel on account
of all their sins, once every year."
And it was done as the Ever-
living had instructed Moses.
(The ICnlu of (P.* communication for
utuanthornco ^acrifkhuj.
17 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses, commanding ; —
2 "Speak to Aaron and his sons,
with all the children of Israel, and
say to them ; —
" This is the thing that the Ever-
living has commanded to be said ;
3 Any man of the house of Israel who
slays a bullock, or sheep, or goat, at
the altar ; or who slays it outside the
4 camp, or at the door of the Hall of
Assembly, who comes not to'offer a
gift to the Ever-living, before the
dwelling of the EVER-LIVING ; blood
shall be imputed to that man ; —
blood spilt ; — that man shall be ex-
communicated from association with
5 his People. So that, instead of the
children of Israel going to their
altars that they have in the open
fields, they must bring their offerings
to the Ever-living at the door of
the Hall of Assembly, to the priest,
that he may offer for them to the
6 Ever-living ; — and the priest shall
sprinkle the blood upon the altar of
the Ever-living at the door of the
Hall of Assembly, and burn the fat
with incense, as a delightful breath
to the Ever-living.
" For you shall never sacrifice your 7
sacrifices to demons that you whore
after. — This is an everlasting com-
mand to them, and their posterity.
" Say also to them ; Any man of the 8
House of Israel, or of the foreigners
who reside among them, who offers
a burnt-offering or sacrifice, and does 9
not cause it to be brought to the door
of the Hall of Assembly to offer it to
the Ever-living, that man shall be
excommunicated from his people.
And every person of the children of 10
Israel, or of the foreigners who reside
amongst them, who eats any blood,
or places before Me what he has
eaten with the life-blood in it ; I will
cause him to be excommunicated
from association with the nation;—
for the life of the body is in its blood, 11
and I have given it to you for the
altar, to expiate for your sins ; — for
the blood with its life expiates.
Therefore I say to the children of 12
Israel ; — No person of you shall eat the
blood ; and the foreigner that resides
among you shall not eat blood.
ICalu for Ijnutsmnt.
Any person also from the children of 13
Israel, or from the foreigners who
reside among you, who hunts animal
or bird, that he may eat it, shall also
pour out the blood and cover it with
dust, because the life of all flesh is 14
in its blood, as its life. Therefore
say to the children of Israel you shall
not eat the life with the blood of any
flesh ; for the life of all flesh is in its
' blood. All eating of it, shall be ex-
communicated. And every person 15
who eats of a dead carcase, or one
torn, or mangled, or worried, shall
wash his clothes, and bathe in water,
and be unclean until the evening —
and then clean,— but if he does not
wash his body or bathe, he shall
i bear his sin."
(Ortirr to abandon Hjcathnt Qfitstoms.
The Ever-living also spoke to 18
Moses, commanding ;
" Speak to the children of Israel 2
and say to them ; I am your Ever-
living God.
" You shall not do as in the land of 3
the Mitzeraim when you dwelt there,
18-4
LEVITICUS.
19-6
And you shall not do as the land of
Canan does to which I shall bring
you. You shall not continue their
4 customs. You shall practise My
Decrees, and observe My Institutions ;
to walk by them.— I am your EVER-
5 living God. And you shall guard
My Institutions, and My Decrees,
which were made for you, and live
in them.— I am the EVER-LIVING.
aljc iCalus of Affinity, nnti iHarriagcs
anil f$£X.
6 " No person shall approach to a
relative of his body to uncover their
sexuality; I am the EVER-LIVING.
7 " The" sexuality of your father or
the sexuality of your mother you
shall not uncover. She is your
mother. You shall not uncover her
sexuality.
8 " You shall not uncover the sexu-
ality of a wife of your father. I am
the Ever-living.
g "The sexuality of your sister, a
daughter of your father or a daughter
of your mother, born in the house, or
born out of it ; you shall not uncover
the sexuality of them.
io " You shall not uncover the sexu-
ality of the daughter of your son, or
the daughter of your daughter, for
that is your own sexuality.
ii "You shall not uncover the sexu-
ality of the daughters of the wives of
your father, born to your father. She
is your sister.
12 "You shall not uncover the sexu-
ality of the sister of your father, she
is of your father's blood.
13 " You shall not uncover the sexu-
ality of the sister of your mother.
She is of your mother's blood.
14 "You shall not uncover the sexu-
ality of the wife of the brother of
your father. Your love shall not
approach to her.
15 "You shall not uncover the sexu-
ality of your daughter-in-law. She is
the wife of your son. You shall not
uncover her sexuality.
16 "You shall not uncover the sexu-
ality of your brother's wife. She is
your brother's wife.
17 "You shall not uncover the sexu-
ality of a woman and her daughter ;
the daughter of her son ; or the
daughter of her daughter you shall
not take to uncover their sexuality.
Copulation with them is wickedness.
18 " And you shall not marry a wife's
P.
sister, to grieve her by uncovering
her sexuality, whilst she lives.
" You shall not approach to a 19
woman unclean by menstruation to
uncover her sexuality.
"And to the wife of your neigh- 20
bour you shall not give your copula-
tion for seed, to defile her.
" And you shall not give 0f your 21
seed to pass to Molok ; and thus
defile the name of your God. I am
the Ever-living.
" And with a man you shall not 22
copulate, with the copulation of a
woman. It is abominable.
"And to any beast you shall not 23
give your copulation to defile it.
And a woman shall not place herself
to the face of a beast, to copulate. It
is incest.
" You shall not defile yourselves 24
with any of these, for with all these
the heathen defiled themselves, whom
I shall drive out from before you ;
and they defiled the land. Therefore 25
I punish the sin in it, upon them ;
and the land spews out its inhabitants.
"Therefore you, yourselves, must 26
preserve My Institutions and Decrees,
and not practise any of these abomi-
nations ; either you natives, or
foreigners residing among you. For 27
the whole of these abominations the
population of the land, whom I shall
drive out from before you, practised, —
and they defiled the land ; if you do 28
so the land will spew you out for
your defiling it, as it spewed out the
heathen who were before you, for all 29
that they did, with all these abomi-
nations. Therefore the people who
do them shall be cut off from the
boundaries of your people."
(Tlje Ipalus oi iitoral Duty.
The Ever-living also spoke to 19
Moses, commanding ; —
" Speak to all the chiefs of the 2
children of Israel, and say to them,
Be holy; for I your Ever-living
God am Holy.
" Each of you reverence your 3
mother and father ; and keep My
Sabbaths; I am the Ever-living
God.
" You shall not turn to idols ; and 4
you shall not make metal gods for
yourselves. I am the Ever-living
your God. And when you offer a 5
thank-offering, you shall offer it to
your Ever-living Strength. You 6
shall eat it in the day of sacrifice and
113
19-7
LEVITICUS.
19-36
the day after ; but the remainder to
the third day you shall burn with
7 fire. And if anyone eats of it on the
third day, it is worthless, and will not
8 be accepted, and the eater of it shall
bear his fault, for he profanes the
holiness of the Ever-living ; so that
person shall be excluded from his
family.
9 " And when you reap the harvest
of your land, you shall not continue
cutting to the sides of your field, cut-
ting and gleaning ; you shall not cut
10 the gleanings. And you shall not
strip jour vineyard ; nor shall you
glean the scatterings of your vine-
yard. You shall leave them for the
poor, and the foreigner. I am your
Ever-living God.
11 " You shall not rob ; and you shall
not deceive ; and you shall not lie
12 each to his neighbour ; and you shall
not swear by My Name to a lie ; and
disgrace the Name of your God. I
am the Ever-living.
"And you shall not oppress; and
you shall not plunder ; nor retain the
wages of a workman with yourself
until the morning.
" You shall not curse the deaf; and
before the blind you shall not place
a stumbling-block ; but you shall fear
your God. I am the EVER-LIVING.
" You shall not do wrong instead of
justice. You shall not despise the
face of the lowly, and honour the face
of the great. You shall judge your
neighbour in righteousness.
"You shall not go about slandering
3-our neighbour.
"You shall not lie in wait for the
blood of your neighbour. I am the
Ever-living."
"You shall not hate your brother
in your heart.
" You may reprove your neighbour,
but not bear ill-will against him.
" You shall not take revenge upon
the child of your neighbour ; but you
shall love your neighbour as yourself.
I am the Ever-living.
' ' You shall preserve My Institutions.
"You shall not yoke together
different kinds of cattle ;
"You shall not sow in your field
mixed kinds of seed ;
" And you shall not put on yourself
cloth woven of different materials.
" And anyone who lies with a
woman in pouring of seed, and she
was enslaved as a slave to the man,
and was not free as a free woman
13
14
15
r6
17
i'J
or at liberty, — punishment shall not
be.- given to her ; she shall not be
killed ; for she was not free. But 21
she shall bring to the Ever-living
to the door of the Hall of Assembly
a ram for a sin-offering, and the priest 22
shall expiate for her before the Ever-
living with the ram as a sin-offering,
for the sin which she has sinned, and
the sin which she has sinned shall
be forgiven.
" When you arrive in the land, and 23
plant any tree for food, you shall
consecrate its fruit. It shall remain
upon it three years for a consecration.
You shall not eat of it. But in the 24
fourth year all its fruits shall be
devoted as thanks to the Ever-
living. But in the fifth year you 25
may eat its fruit ; its produce shall
be for yourselves. I am your Ever-
living God.
" You shall not eat anything with 26
its blood.
"You shall not worship serpents.
" You shall not worship clouds.
" You shall not cut off the beard on 27
your cheeks ; and you shall not
destroy the beard of your chin.
"You shall not make tattooings on 28
your flesh for spirits, nor put written
brands upon yourselves. I am the
Ever-living.
"You shall not pollute your 29
daughters to whoredom ; by causing
them to whore, and filling the country
with wickedness.
" You shall keep My Sabbaths, and 30
you shall reverence My sacred things.
I am the Ever-living.
" You shall not turn to spirits ; or
to fortune-tellers, to inquire of them,
to sin with them. I am your Ever-
living God.
" You shall rise up before the grey- 32
headed, and pay respect to the
presence of a judge, and reverence to
your God. I am the Ever-living.
"And when a foreigner resides in 33
your land you shall not oppress him.
As it is with you natives, so it shall 34
be with the foreigners among you ;
you shall love them as yourselves ; for
you were foreigners in the land of
the Mitzeraim. I am your Ever-
living God.
" You shall not do wrong, in 35
measuring as to length, weight, or
measure. You shall have a true 36
scale, true weights, a true bushel, a
true gallon. I am your Ever-
living God Who brought you out of
3i
HI
19-37
LEVITICUS.
2O-24
37 the land of the Mitzeraim, therefore
you shall keep the whole of My
Institutions, and all My Decrees, and
practise them. I am the Ever-
LIVIXG."
(TIk ICahr against Iltiolatru.
20 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses, commanding ;
2 " Speak to the children of Israel, to
each one of the sons of Israel, and to
the foreigners, — the foreigners among
Israel. Whoever gives their offspring
to Molok, they shall be killed ;— the
People of the country shall stone
3 them with stones. And I will place
My face against that person, and will
cut him off from his people for giving
his offspring to Molok, to defile My
Holiness, and to pollute My Holy
4 Name. And if, to conceal it, the
people of the country cover their eyes
from the person who gives his off-
spring to Molok, to destroy him in
5 death, I, however, will set My face
against that person, and destroy him,
and cut him off, with all those who
whore after him, whoring after Molok ;
from the midst of their people.
ICalrrs nf £)tfm£stic iJtnralitn.
6 "The person also who turns to
spirits, and to wizards l to whore after
them ; — I will put My face against
that person, and will excommunicate
7 him from the midst of his people ; for
you shall make yourselves holy, and
be holy, for I am your Ever-living
8 God. Therefore you shall preserve
My Institutions, and practise them.
I the Ever-living must make you
Holy.
9 "Whatever person outrages his
father or his mother, let him be put
to death. The blood of the outrager
of his father or mother is upon
himself.
10 "The man who commits adultery
with a wife ; the man who commits
adultery with the wife of his neighbour,
shall be killed ; — both the adulterer
and adulteress.
11 "The man who copulates with a
wife of his father, uncovering the
sexuality of his father ; — they shall
both die ; — their blood is on them-
selves.
12 " The man who copulates with his
daughter-in-law ; — both, who have
done that villany, shall die. Their
blood is upon themselves.
1 Heb. : Fprtune-tellers.— F. F.
" And the man who copulates with 13
a male, with the copulation of a
woman, commits abomination. They
shall both die. Their blood is on
themselves.
" And the man who takes a woman 14
and her mother. It is wickedness.
They shall burn him in fire with
them. That wickedness shall not be
in the midst of you.
" And the man who copulates with 15
a beast shall be killed ; and the beast
shall be slaughtered.
" And the woman who approaches 16
to a beast, to copulate with it, with
! the copulation of a woman, both the
beast and she shall be killed. Their
j blood is on themselves.
" And the man who takes his sister, 17
j the daughter of his father, or the
daughter of his mother, and sees her
sexuality, and she sees his sexuality, —
I they are disgraceful, and shall be
J excommunicated in the sight of
j their people. He shall bear his sin
for uncovering the sexuality of his
sister.
" And a man who copulates with a iS
sick woman, and uncovers the naked-
ness of her fount upon her, — and
uncovers the fount of her blood ; both
shall be cut off from association with
their people.
"You shall not uncover the sexu- 19
ality of the sister of your mother, or
the sister of your father, for they are
his flesh. Whoever uncovers them
shall bear their sin.
" The man who copulates with his 20
aunt, uncovering the sexuality of his
aunt, they shall each bear their sin.
They shall be killed openly.
" And the man who takes the wife 21
of his brother, in uncovering the
. sexuality of his brother; they shall
be exposed.
"Thus you shall keep all My Insti- 22
j tutions, and all My Decrees, and shall
I practise them, and then the land that
I I will bring you to as a residence will
not spew you out. Thus you shall 23
not conduct yourselves according to
the customs of the heathen whom I
-shall drive out from before you, for
they practised all these things in
their land, therefore I promised you 24
you should inherit their country, and
I will give to you the inheritance of
that land flowing with milk and honey.
I am your EVER-LIVING GOD, Who
will destroy them from among the
nations.
I 2
20—25
LEVITICUS.
22— 3
25 " You shall also distinguish between
the clean animals and the unclean,
and between the unclean birds and
the clean ; and you shall not pollute
your lives with animal or bird, or any
reptile of the field, which I have
26 pointed out to you as unclean ; but you
shall be healthy before Me, for I, the
Ever-living, am Holy, and have
separated you from the nations, to
27 be for Myself. Therefore the man
or woman who possesses a spirit, or
a foreteller, shall be put to death.
They shall be stoned with stones.
Their blood is upon themselves."
pains as to tlje IRourntng oi ^msta.
21 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses commanding, " Speak to the
priests the sons of Aaron, and com-
mand them, that they shall not defile
2 themselves for their relatives. Not
even for a near blood relation of
them ; — for their mother, or for their
father, or for their son, or for their
3 daughter, or for their brother, or for
their sister, or their dearest loved
daughter who has not been to a man
4 to wed her ; — he shall not debase, or
degrade himself with grief.
5 " They shall not shave strips upon
their heads, nor shave off their
whiskers, nor cut gashes on their
bodies.
6 "They are sacred to their God ;
and shall not lower the Name of their
GOD ; for they offer bread to the
Ever-living their God ; they offer
themselves, and they shall be healthy.
ittniTtiUK ICnhj oi |Jmsts.
7 " They shall not take for a wife a
whore, or a loose woman ; and they
shall not marry a woman who has
been divorced ; for they are holy to
S the Ever-living. And they shall
keep themselves holy, as an offering
to your God. He who approaches
the Holy must be the same ; for I
the Ever-living make you holy.
g " And the daughter of a priest who
defiles herself with whoredom — she
defiles her father. You shall burn
her with fire.
10 " The chief priest, also, over his
brothers, upon whose head has been
poured the Oil of Consecration and
his hand filled by the investiture of
the robes, shall not neglect his head,
11 and shall not neglect his robes, and
never disorder his person for a
death ; — not if it comes to his father,
or his mother, — shall he degrade
himself; nor shall he go from the 12
sanctuary ; nor shall he wail ; — for
he has been separated by the Oil of
Consecration to his God. I am the
Ever-living. Therefore he shall 13
take a maiden for his wife. He shall 14
not take a widow, or a divorced
woman, or one abandoned to whore-
dom, any of them, but he shall take
a wife only from the virgins of his
own people. He shall not degrade 15
his race, or his family ; for I the
Ever-living have sanctified it."
fates 0ft Ik li0lj |Jrosiltt
^itrrcsGinn.
The Ever-living also spoke to 16
Moses saying ; —
"Speak to Aaron, and say; — Any 17
man from the offspring of your
posterity who may be disfigured shall
not approach to offer bread to his
God. For any man in whom there 18
is a defect shall not approach ; —
anyone blind, or lame, or flat-nosed,
or deformed; or a man who has a 19
broken leg; or a broken hand, or
humpbacked ; or a dwarf, or squint- 20
eyed, or scurvied, or scabbed, or
defective in his testicles; — any man 21
of the race of Aaron the priest in
whom there may be a defect shall
not approach to present offerings to
the Ever-living; — because of his
defect he shall not approach to
present bread to his God. It is the 22
Bread of God for them, Holy of
Holies, and the healthy shall eat it.
He shall also not come within the 23
veil, nor approach to the altar, because
of his defect, so as not to profane
My Holiness ; for I am the Ever-
living Sanctifier."
Moses consequently spoke this to 24
Aaron and his sons, and to all the
children of Israel.
j§mtttsttr ^.'aius fnr trusts.
The Ever-living also spoke to 22
Moses, commanding ;—
" Speak to Aaron and his sons, and 2
separate them, as consecrated, from
the children of Israel, so that they
may not defile My Holy Name by
which they are sanctified to Me. I
am the Ever-living.
" Say to them, for their posterity, 3
Every man of all your race who ap-
proaches to the sanctuary which the
children of Israel have sanctified to
the Ever-living, whilst there is 1111-
116
22—4
LEVITICUS.
22-32
cleanness upon him, that person
shall be excommunicated from before
Me. I am the EVER-LIVING.
4 " Any man from the race of Aaron
who has leprosy, or the disease of
fornication, shall never eat of what
is pure ; or if he has a contagion of
any disease on his body ; or a man
who comes from procreative copula ;
5 or a man who has touched any reptile
that may defile him ; or a man
that may defile himself by anything
that defiles him ; a person who
defiles him by touch until the evening ;
6 he shall not eat of the sacred offer-
ings unless he bathes his body in
7 water. But when the sun sets then
he will be clean, and afterwards may
eat of the sacred offerings, — for he is
clean.
S "Of a dead or torn carcase he
shall not eat, to defile himself with
it. I am the Ever-living.
9 " Thus they shall reverence My
Trusts, and not bring sin upon
themselves, and die in it, to condemn
themselves. I the Ever-living
consecrate them.
io "No foreigner shall eat of the
sacred offerings. A visitor to the
priest, and the hired servant of the
family shall not eat of the sacred
ii offerings, but a priest who buys a
person, having bought him for money,
— that person may eat, and those
born in his house may eat of the
12 food. But the daughter of a priest
who has a foreign husband may not
eat of the Raised-leg of the sacred
13 offerings. But the daughter of a
priest who may be a widow, or
divorced, and has no offspring for
herself, and dwells in the house of
her father as in her youth, she may
eat of the bread of her father ; but
any foreigner may not eat it.
14 " Any person, however, who un-
knowingly eats of sacred offerings,
shall return five times as much for it,
and give it to the priest for the
15 offerings ; for the children of Israel
shall not profane My sacred offerings,
which are lifted up to the Ever-
16 living ; and they shall bear the sin
of trespass, if they eat of the sacred
gifts, for I am the Ever-living Who
sanctifies them."
(general 31'alus of aotoroljip.
17 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses and said ; —
18 " Speak to Aaron and to his sons,
and to all the children of Israel, and
say to them ;
" Any man of the House of Israel,
or of the foreigners in Israel, who
offers a gift for any of their vows, or
for any free-will gift, which they
present to the Ever-living for a
burnt-offering, that will please, let it 19
be a perfect male from the oxen, or
sheep, or goats. Anything that has 20
a defect in it they shall not present,
for it will not be pleasing to the
Ever-living from them.
"And the man who presents a 21
sacrifice of thanks to the Ever-
living to fulfil a vow, or a free-will
offering, let it be a perfect beautiful
sheep, — there must be no defect in
it. The blind or torn shall not be 22
presented to the FAer-living, or
the sick, or broken-winded, or scur-
vied, or scabbed. A female, also,
shall not be offered by them at the
altar of the Ever-living. And an 23
ox, or sheep that is deformed or a
dwarf, — if you make a vow of them,
they will not be accepted. And if 24
castrated, or crushed, or mutilated,
or wounded, you shall not present
them to the Ever-living— and you
shall not so mutilate them in your
country.
" You shall also not present food to 25
your God from any of these, by the
hand of a foreigner, for to offer by
him would be to desecrate them.
They would not be accepted from
you . ' '
ahe 4Caluo of Ijitmanitn to Animals.
The Ever-living also spoke to 26
Moses commanding ;
" When a cow, or a sheep, or a 27
goat has young, then you shall let it
be for seven days with its mother,
but on the seventh day it will be
acceptable as a gift of trespass to the
Ever-living. But you shall not 28
slay a cow or a sheep and their young
upon the same day.
" And when you sacrifice a sacrifice 29
of thanksgiving to the Ever-living,
you should sacrifice it for your de-
light. Eat it upon the same day ; 30
leave nothing of it until the morning.
" I am the Ever-living ; and you 31
shall keep My Commandments, and
practise them ; — I am the Ever-
living. And you shall not defile My 32
Holy Name ; for I would be sancti-
fied in the midst of the children of
Israel ; I am the Ever-living, Who
117
22-33
LEVITICUS.
23—24
33 consecrated you. I brought you out
from the land of the Mitzeraim to be
a God to you. I am the Ever-
living." *
ICaius nf ^sttiinls.
23 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses commanding ; —
2 " Speak to the children of Israel
and say to them ;
"These are the festivals of the
Ever-living, which you shall pro-
claim with a Holy Proclamation, as
My Festivals.
3 "You shall do your work for six
days, but on the Seventh Day there
shall be a rest of rests, with a holy
proclamation from all work ; you
shall do none on the Sabbath. It is
for the Ever-living in all your
dwelling places.
4 " These are festivals to the Ever-
living, with a Holy Proclamation,
which you shall proclaim at your
festivals.
5 "In the first month, in the four-
teenth day of the month, between
sunrise and sunset is the Passover
6 of the Ever-living. And on the
fifteenth day of that month is the
Feast of Unfermented Bread to the
Ever-living. For seven days you
7 shall eat unfermented bread. Upon
the first day you shall make a holy
ploclamation. You shall do no ser-
8 vile work ; and you shall offer a
trespass-offering to the Ever-living,
for seven days. For seven days, by
a Holy Proclamation, you shall do no
labouring work.*'
(Tljr ICalu 0i %avbt&iin#.
9 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses commanding ;
io " Speak to the children of Israel
and say to them ;
"When you come into the country
that I will give to you, and reap its
harvest, you shall bring the first
sheaf of your harvest to the priest,
ii and he shall wave the sheaf before
the Ever-living to delight you.
The priest shall wave it the day after
12 the Sabbath; and you shall offer on
the day of your waving of the sheaf a
perfect lamb, the son of that year, as
1 I cannot refrain from remarking that no
heathen Code of Law has ever contained laws
enforcing humanity to animals. Doing so
is the peculiar distinction of God's Revela-
tion to man. Let the reader reflect on
it.— F. F.
a burnt-offering to the Ever-living ;
with a food offering of a twelfth of 13
flour mixed with oil as a perfume to
1 the Ever-living, a pleasant breath ;
and, as a draught of wine, the quarter
I of a hin. And you shall not eat in 14
i public bread, or oats, or vegetables
\ on that day, until you have brought
j this gift to your God. This is a
I perpetual Institution for your pos-
terity, in all your dwelling-places.
"You shall also count for your- 15
] selves from the day after the Sabbath
1 that you bring the Wave-sheaf, seven
Sabbaths. They must be complete.
Then after the seventh Sabbath, you 16
shall count fifty days, when you shall
present a new offering to the Ever-
living. You shall bring from your 17
dwellings two wave cakes of two
tenths of fine flour. They shall be
fermented, — baked in an oven for
the Ever-living.
" You shall also offer with this 18
! bread seven perfect lambs of a year,
j and a bullock, a son of the fold, and
two rams, which shall be a burnt-
; offering to the Ever-living, with
, their food-offerings and their drink-
offerings, as a gift of sweet-odour to
the Ever-living. You shall offer 19
as well one he goat for a sin-offering,
and two lambs of a year old for a
thank-offering, and the priest shall 20
wave them with the first-made-bread ;
he shall wave them before the Ever-
living. They shall be sacred to the
Ever-living; with the two lambs
for the priest.
" Then there shall be made a holy 21
proclamation to the public on that
1 day ; it shall be Holy of Holies to you.
' You shall not do any labouring work.
This is an everlasting Institution, in
all your dwellings, for your posterity,
that in reaping your harvests, you 22
shall not reap to the edge of your
fields in your reaping ; and you shall
not glean. Leave the gleanings for
the poor and the foreigners amongst
you. I am your Ever-living God."
ICalus of the 3fcast of llrnu-mJbranrc
anil Jforaionuss of .^ttts.
The Ever-living also spoke to 23
Moses saying ; —
"Speak to the children of Israel 24
to say ; — t
" In the seventh month, in the first
day of the month, there shall be
Rest for Remembrance of Sins. It is
118
23-25
LEVITICUS.
24-8
25 Holy of Holies. You shall not do
any labouring work, and you shall
offer a burnt-offering to the Ever-
LIVING."
A Dan of (Fsuiatton.
26 The Ever-living also spoke to
27 Moses, to say, further; "On the
tenth of the seventh month, there
shall be a Day of Expiation. It shall
be Holy of Holies to you ; and you
shall humble yourselves and offer a j
burnt-offering to the Ever-living.
28 You shall do no labouring work on
that day, for it is a Day of Expiation
to expiate for you before your Ever-
29 living God. Therefore every person
who does not humble himself publicly
on that day shall be cut off from his
30 family ; and every person who does
any labouring work on that day, I will
trouble that person in the midst of
31 his family. You shall do no work.
This is a perpetual Institution for
your posterity in all your dwellings.
32 It is a Rest of Rests1 for you, when
you shall humble your souls, on the
ninth of the month at daybreak, from
dawn to evening; — you shall rest to
refresh yourselves."
"Jtatos of the Jfeast of (Tabernacles.
33 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses ;
34 " Speak to the children of Israel
and say ; —
' ' On the fifteenth day of the seventh
month there shall be the Feast of
Tabernacles to the Ever-living for
35 seven days. From the first day
proclaimed holy, you shall do no
36 labouring work. You shall present a
burnt-offering to the Ever-living
for seven days. The eighth day shall
be proclaimed Holy for you, and you
shall present a burnt-offering to the
Ever-living, It shall be a Public
Holiday. You shall do no labouring
work in it.
(Oeneral Jfesttuals.
37 "These are the Assemblies of the
Ever-living, which you shall pro-
claim with a Holy Proclamation, for
presenting and offering a burnt-offer-
ing to the Ever-living. A whole
burnt-offering and a food-offering ; a
sacrifice and fragrance day by day;
•38 besides the Sabbaths of the Ever-
1 Sabbath of Sabbaths.— F. F.
living, and besides your gifts, and
besides all your vows, and free-wills,
which you give to the EVER-LIVING.
Jfeast of ilje Ijarucst ^Jjome.
" Also on the fifteenth day of the 39
seventh month after the reaping of
the produce of your land, you shall
enjoy the feast of the Ever-living
for seven days, from the first day
after the Sabbath, until the eighth
day after the Sabbath. You shall 40
then take for yourselves on the first
day handfuls of the finest fruits from
the trees, with the palm, and boughs
of the bushes, and willow, and enjoy
yourselves before your Ever-living
God for seven days. Thus you shall 41
feast? in this Feast to the Ever-living
seven days every year. It shall be a
perpetual Institution for your descen-
dants. You shall hold the festival in
the seventh month ; living in tents for 42
seven days. All the natives of Israel
shall live in tents ; so that your pos- 43
terity may know that the sons of
Israel dwelt in tents when I brought
you out from the land of the Mitzer-
aim. I am your Ever-living GOD."
Moses consequently commanded 44
these feasts of the Ever-living to
the children of Israel.
(The ICata of the ICamus aittt
^Ijeluhreau.
The Ever-living also spoke to 24
Moses, commanding ; —
" Order the children of Israel to 2
bring to you olive oil, pressed pure,
for the lamps to raise a clear light
outside the Veil of the Witnesses in 3
the Hall of Assembly, which Aaron
shall arrange continually from even-
ing till dawn before the Ever-
living. It shall be an Institution
for your posterity for ever, to arrange 4
a pure light before the Ever-living
continually.
"Yourself, also, take flour and 5
bake from it twelve cakes ; — these
twelve cakes shall be of equal size,
and place them in two piles six in a 6
pile, on the pure table before the
Ever-living ; and place upon the 7
piles pure incense, and they will be
the Bread of Remembrance, like a
burnt-offering to the Ever-living.
From a Sabbath Day to a Sabbath 8
: Day they shall be always arranged
before the Ever-living as an ever-
1 lasting covenant with the children of
119
24-g
LEVITICUS.
25-i6
9 Israel. And they shall belong to
Aaron and to his sons, and be eaten
in the Holy Place, for they are Holy
of Holies to them from the offerings
to the Ever-living. This is a
perpetual Institution."
(Llje il'atu of itUaspIjenm.
io It occurred once that the son of an
Israelitish woman, who was also the
son of a Mitzerite man, among the
sons of Israel, quarrelled in the camp
with the son of an Israelitish woman
ii and an Israelite man; and the son
of the Israelitish woman cursed The
Name, and insulted it. They there-
fore brought him to Moses. .The
name of his mother, however, was
Shelamith, the daughter of Dibri of
12 the tribe of Dan. So they put him
under guard to enquire about him
from the Ever-living.
13 The Ever-living consequently
spoke to Moses, commanding ; —
14 " Take the blasphemer outside the
camp, and let all who heard him lay
their hands upon his head, and let
15 all the Assembly kill him. Then you
shall command the children of Israel
saying ; — Whatever person curses
16 his God shall bear his sin, and the
blasphemer of the name of the Ever-
living shall die. You shall kill him ;
all the Assembly shall stone him.
All of the population who blasphemes
the Name, whether native or foreigner,
shall die.
17 "And whoever strikes off the life
of a man, shall die.
18 " And whoever strikes the life of a
beast, shall pay life for life.
19 " And a person who inflicts injury
upon his neighbour ; as he has done,
20 so you shall do to him. Wound for
wound ; eye for eye ; tooth for tooth ;
whatever injury he has done to a
man, the same shall be done to
him.
21 " Thus whoever kills a beast shall
compensate for it ; but whoever kills
a man shall die.
22 " There shall be equal justice with
you for the foreigner, and the native ;
— For I am your Ever-living God."
23 Moses consequently spoke to the
children of Israel, and they brought
out the blasphemer from the camp,
and killed him with stones. Thus
the children of Israel did as the
Ever-living commanded to Moses.
il'nlu of the Sabbath of the U'anfi.
The Ever-living also spoke to 25
Moses in Mount Sinai command-
ing;—
"Speak to the children of Israel 2
and say to them ; — When you arrive
in the land that I will give to you,
you shall grant the land a rest of
rests to the Ever-living.
" You shall sow your fields for six 3
years, and prune your vineyards for
six years, and then cease to go to
them ; and in the seventh year there 4
shall be a Rest of Rests for the land
to the Ever-living. You shall not
sow your fields, nor prune your vine-
yards. You shall not reap the self- 5
grown harvest, nor cut off the
bunches from your vine. It is a Rest
of Rests for the earth. There shall 6
be a rest of the earth to feed it ; for
you, and for your servant, and for
your maid servant, and for your
hired labourer, and for the foreigners
residing with you, and for your cattle 7
and animals that are in your country
— who shall all be allowed to eat of
it.
&Ije i:alu of the Jubilee.
" Also reckon for yourselves seven 8
Sabbaths of years, — seven years seven
times, and they shall be for you a
period of seven sevens of years, —
forty-nine years. Then pass a loud 9
sounding trumpet through all the
country. It shall be sent out upon
the tenth day of the seventh month,
on the Day of Expiation, to sanctify
the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty 10
in the country to all its inhabitants.
It shall be a Jubilee to you, when
every person shall return to his
inheritance, and everyone shall be
restored to his family. Every fiftieth 11
year shall be a Jubilee for you.
You shall neither sow nor reap, nor
prune the vines ; for it shall be a 12
Holy Jubilee for you. Eat from the
field what springs from it. In this 13
Jubilee Year everyone shall return to
his inheritance. For what you buy 14
in a sale of your neighbour, or
acquire from the hand of your neigh-
bour, does not dispossess your
brother of it. According to the 15
number of years after a Jubilee you
must purchase from your neighbour,
you must buy it according to the
number of years to run for yourself.
In proportion to the number of years 16
120
25-ij
LEVITICUS.
25-43
you shall increase the money, and in
proportion to the fewness of the years
you shall decrease the purchase
price. Thus from the number to
run it shall be purchased for your-
17 self. For you shall not dispossess
any of your neighbours, but fear your
Ever-living God; for I am your
18 Ever-living God, and you shall
practise My Institutions and My
Decrees ; guarding and observing
them ; and dwell in the land in
19 safety. Then the earth will give her
fruits, and you can eat them to your
20 fill, and live securely upon it. But
if you ask ; ' What shall we eat in
that seventh year, when we have
neither sown nor continued our
21 labours ? ' I will then send My bless-
ing to you in the sixth year, and
make the produce of it for three
22 years. But you may sow in the
eighth year, and eat the stored pro-
duce in the eighth year until the
coming in of products in the ninth
year — until its produce comes you
must eat what was stored.
23 " Thus you shall not sell your
land for ever, for the land is
Mine, and you only foreigners and
24 visitors with Me, and with all the
land you purchase, a power of
redemption for the inheritance shall
be given with the land.
ilestomtion of U'attu man be }.1ur-
rhaseo before the Jubilee.
25 "When your brother is reduced to
poverty, and sells some of his inheri-
tance, if a relative of his brings the
redemption for it, then the purchaser
26 shall restore it to his brother. But if
the person has not the redemption
money, but he acquires it, and
obtains possession of the amount for'
27 its redemption, then the years from
its purchase shall be counted, and the
balance paid to the person who pur-
chased it, and his inheritance shall
28 be restored. But if he cannot attain
possession of enough to pay to the
purchaser, it shall remain in his
possession until the year of Jubilee,
and when the Jubilee comes then
he shall return to his inheritance.
(Lbe Italu of ileal (F state in (Kfialleu
(Toluus.
29 " But if a person sells a dwelling-
house in a walled town, then the
redemption shall be at the end of a
year from its purchase; — that shall
be the time of its redemption. But 30
if he has not redeemed at the end of
the complete year, and the house
stands in a town which has walls, he
is dispossessed for ever ; it shall not
return to his posterity at the
Jubilee.
" But houses in a court, where 31
there are not fortified walls around,
shall return with the land of the farm
that belongs to them. They shall
return with it when the Jubilee
comes.
(The il'alu of ileal Qc state in 4L*ebite
(Cities.
" But the cities of the Levites, — 32
the houses in the cities of the Levites
are their inheritance. They shall
always be redeemable to the Levites ;
but when redeemed, it shall be by the 33
Levites, and the purchaser shall quit
the house, or village he has acquired,
at the Jubilee; for the village
homes of the Levites are their inheri-
tance in the midst of the children of
Israel. But they shall not sell the 34
grazing lands around their villages,
for they are a perpetual inheritance
for them.
alje il'alu of HJnsoltTettc]i.
" But if your brother becomes poor, 35
and his hand fails among you, you
must help him like a foreigner and
settler, and let him live with you.
Take no usury or increase from him, 36
but fear your God, and let your
brother live with you. You shall not 37
lend your money to him at usury,
and you shall not lend him food at
increase ; for I am your Ever- 38
living God Who brought you from
the land of the Mitzeraim to give you
the land of Canan, to be for you from
the Ever-living.
" Therefore when your brother be- 39
comes poor with you, and sells him-
self to you, you shall not work him as
slaves work. He shall be with you 40
as a hired man, until the year of
Jubilee, to serve you. Then he 41
shall go from you, he and his chil-
dren with him, and return to his
family, and to the inheritance of his
fathers ; for you were slaves in the 42
land of the Mitzeraim when I brought
you out. You shall not purchase
him as you purchase a slave. You 43
shall not reduce him to slavery, but
shall fear your God.
121
25—44
LEVITICUS.
26-13
Htsiluc; of ^lnltcrn.
44 " Your men and women slaves, how-
ever, you may buy from the nations
that surround you ; they shall be
45 your slaves. And you may also buy
the children of the foreign residents
among you, and from their families
who are with you who are born in
your country, and they shall be your
46 property. You may also bequeath
them to your children after you, to
hold them as property for ever, and
they shall serve you. But your rela-
tives of the children of Israel are
men, and your brothers ; you shall
not reduce them to slavery.
3. iljelrrciu Claire man Wiavk lljtmsclf
Jfm\
47 " When, however, a foreigner or
settler among you obtains property
in one of your poor brethren, and
he is sold to the foreign resident, to
be added to the family of the
48 foreigner ; he shall be redeemable
after he has been sold to him ; any-
one of his relatives may redeem him.
49 His uncle or cousin may redeem
him, or any relation by blood of his
family may redeem, or he may
acquire property and redeem him-
50 self, and pay to his purchaser accord-
ing to the years he bought him for,
up to the year of Jubilee. That
shall be the price given to his pur-
chaser— proportionate to the number
of years by the scale of wages that
51 might belong to him. If the years
are many before them, he shall give
back equivalent money to his pur-
52 chaser; and if few of the years are
remaining to the year of Jubilee,
then he shall repay to him propor-
tionate to the space of years, as the
53 redemption fee ; according to the
wages year by year it shall be. You
shall not add a profit for your eyes.
54 But if he is redeemed by none of
these, then he shall be freed at the
year of Jubilee, both himself and
55 his children with him. For the chil-
dren of Israel are My Servants,
whom I brought up out of the land
of the Mitzeraim. I am their Ever-
living God.
proljtlrition at Sluol-malung.
26 " You shall not make idols for
yourselves; nor shall you set up
columns for yourselves ; nor shall you
erect stone images in your country,
for objects of worship, — for I am your
Ever-living God.
" You shall keep My Sabbaths, and 2
you shall reverence My Sanctuary.
I am the Ever-living.
THE SONG OF BLESSINGS.
^dcssings smtreu bu (Bbebiente ants
^Junisljment im llruolt.
"If you are guided by My Institu- 3
tions,
And guard My Commandments,
and do them,
I will then give My rain upon you, 4
And the earth will give her pro-
duce,
And the trees of the field their
fruit.
And your thrashing shall last till 5
vintage,
And vintage shall overtake seed-
time,
And you shall eat to fulness,
And live securely in your land.
And I will give the land peace; 6
And drive savage beasts from the
land ;
And the sword shall not govern
your country,
And you shall subdue your foes, 7
They shall fall before your sword.
Five of you shall conquer a hun- 8
dred,
And a hundred defeat ten thou-
sand,
And your foes fall to your sword,
And My Presence shall be with 9
you,
And you shall increase and grow,
I will fix My covenant with you,
And feed till your rest in quiet, 10
And sleep and rise refreshed.1
I will fix My Home among you, 11
And turn not away My soul,
But march with you, and be your 12
God,
And My People you shall be :
For I am your Living God, 13
1 V. 10. Alternative reading, "And you shall
eat the old (or sleeping) store ; and bring out
the old from the face of the new " But this
rendering does not carry the Oriental idea of
sleep as the highest blessing, and to my view
to translate the word as " old " is a violation
of the Hebrew verb " Yashen," "to sleep,"
although A.V. and R.Y. adopt it. — F. F.
26—14
LEVITICUS.
26-37
Who brought from the Mitzerites'
land,
To whom you had been enslaved,
And from off you broke their rod,
And in triumph marched you out !
14 But if you refuse to hear Me,
And obey not all My Command-
ments ;
15 And if you despise My Statutes ;
And turn your souls from My
Laws,
To neglect to do My Command-
ments,
And break away from My Bonds ; —
16 Then I will do this to you ; —
Will send you consumption, and
fever,
And wasting of eyes, and a fainting
soul ;
And scatter your race to the wind ;
And your foes shall devour your-
selves.
17 I will set my face against you,
And strike you before your foes ;
And those who hate you shall
drive,
And you fly from instead of
pursue,
18 And if for this you will hear Me not,
I will sevenfold punish your sins,
19 And break the pride of your
strength ;
And turn your skies into iron,
And make your ground like brass ;
20 And send you a choking wind,
And your land not give her growth,
Nor the trees of the land their
fruit.
21 And if you load Me perversely,
And will not listen to Me,
I will sevenfold punish your sins,
22 And wild beasts shall destroy your
sons,
And cut off your herds, and reduce.
And haunt you upon your roads.
23 If for these you turn not to Me,
But perversely load Me still ;
24 Then I will load you with grief,
And heavily strike your sins ;
25 And bring cruel slaughter upon
you,
To avenge the broken Law,
And crowd you into your cities,
And there send the plague to you,
And give to the hand of your foe-
men.
26 I will then break the staff of bread ;
And in one oven ten shall bake,
And your bread shall be given by
weighing,
You shall eat, but shall not be filled.
If for this you will not hearken, 27
But still recoil upon Me,
I then will advance on you fiercely, 28
And charge on you in My
wrath, —
I, Myself, for your sevenfold sins.
You shall then eat the flesh of 29
your sons
And the flesh of your daughters
consume.
And I will destroy your High 30
Towers,
And cut off your Sin-gods from
you,
Your carrion fling to your carrion
Idols,
And from you My soul turn away. 31
I will turn your cities to deserts,
And your sanctifications reject,
And smell not the smell of your
sweets.
Your land shall be turned to a 32
waste,
And o'er it your enemies rule,
And there shall dwell for them-
selves ;
While I fling you out to the 33
heathen,
And after you blow scorching
wind,
And by it your land shall be wasted,
And your skins shall be burnt by
its breath, —
Till the ground has enjoyed all its 3 +
Sabbaths
By the time that it lies as a waste,
And your haters shall be in the
land,
Whilst it rests, and delights in its
rest.
It shall rest in its desolate time. — 35
For you gave it not rest in your
rests,
While upon it you rested your-
selves.
Your fragments shall have coward 36
hearts,
As you crouch in the lands of your
foes ; —
Who shall drive you by threatening
voice ;
And you fly as men fly from hot
blasts,
And fall down when no one pur-
sues.
You shall stagger the one on the 37
other,
123
26—38
LEVITICUS.
. 27-i4
As though from the face of such
blasts,
Though no one pursues,
And never stand up to your foes.
38 You shall wander among every
nation,
And tramp in the lands of your
foes,
39 And your remnants shall waste in
your sins
In the land of your foes as they
watch,
For the sins of your fathers and
selves, —
Till confessing the faults of your-
selves,
40 And the faults that your fathers
have done ;
And your treacherous revolt against
Me,
And the fury with which you as-
sailed !
41 I, therefore, dealt fiercely with you,
And brought to the land of your
foes.
If your hard hearts, however, there
bow,
And you purify them from their
sins,
42 I will think of My Bond made with
Jacob,
And also with Isaac My Bond,
And with Abraham remember My
Covenant, —
And also remember the Land.
43 Thus the Land rid of their load,
And freed, shall in quietude rest.
But they shall be gorged with their
sins,
And gorged by My Judgments
despised,
And My Statutes their souls had
abhorred.
44 But tho' thus, in the land of their
foes, —
I will not 'reject them, nor loathe,
So far as My Treaty to break,
For I am their Still-living God !
45 I therefore will bring to their minds
My old treaty contracted with them
In the sight of the Heathen
around,
To be their God— for I am The
Life! "
46 These are the Institutions and
Judgments and the Laws which the
Ever-living appointed between
Himself and between the children of
Israel at Mount Sinai, by the hand
of Moses.
CTljc paio of personal ITolus on
ittankhtu.
The Ever-living also spoke to 27
Moses, saying; —
" Speak to the children of Israel 2
and say to them, When a person
separates himself, for you to value
his life for the Ever-living, you 3
shall value him for a male from twenty
years old to sixty years ; and your
valuation for a male shall be fifty
shekels of silver by the sacred shekel,
but if it is for a female, your valuation 4
shall be thirty shekels. But if from 5
five up to twenty years old, then the
value of a male shall be twenty
shekels, and for a female ten shekels.
But if from a month up to five years 6
old, then the value of a male shall be
five shekels of silver, and for a female
the value three shekels of silver. But
if they are sixty years old or more, if 7
a male, then the value shall be fifteen
shekels, and for a female ten shekels.
But if the redeemable person is de- 8
fective, then he shall be placed before
the priest, and the priest shall esti-
mate what may be the amount of his
value for the vow he is to pay to the
priest.
ITolus upon Animals.
" But if it is a beast that they sacri- 9
fice from, that is vowed to the Ever-
living, all that belongs to it shall
be sacred to the Ever-living. They 10
shall not alter or change it good for
bad, or bad for good ; but if it is
changed it shall be changed for a
beast of the same kind, and the ex-
change shall be sacred. But if of any 1 1
unclean beast, which they do not
offer as a gift to the Ever-living,
then the beast shall be shown to the
priest, and the priest shall estimate 12
its value between good and bad, and
it shall be redeemed as the priest
decides, but if they redeem it, they 13
shall then add a fifth part to the
valuation.
ITuiog upon a Ijousc.
" But if a man devotes his house as 14
sacred to the Ever-living, then the
priest shall estimate between good
and bad ; as the priest values it so it
124
27-i5
LEVITICUS.
27-34
15 shall stand, but if the consecrator
redeems his house, he must add one
fifth to the money-value above what
has been fixed for it.
IToius an a Jfarm.
16 " But if anyone consecrates his
inherited farm to the Ever-living, it
shall then be valued according to its
acreage ; what takes a khomer of seed
17 at fifty shekels of silver. But if he
consecrates his farm before the year
18 of Jubilee, the priest shall then calcu-
late for him the money on the basis
of the years remaining until the year
of Jubilee, and equate the valuation.
19 But if he redeems the farm which he
had consecrated, he shall then add a
fifth above the valuation price, and it
20 shall continue his. But if he does
not redeem the farm, or if he sells
the land to another person afterward,
21 he cannot redeem it for ever ; but the
farm shall be consecrated to the
Ever-living ; until the arrival of the
Jubilee the estate shall be as a farm
22 for cultivation for the priests. But
if the farm has been purchased, and
was not an entailed estate which he
23 consecrated to the EVER-LIVING,
then the priest shall fix a redemp-
tion for him by the amount of value
according to the year of Jubilee, and
decide the value from the day he
has consecrated to the EVER-LIVING.
24 Then the estate shallreturn at the year
of Jubilee from the person who bought
it, to the person to whom it was an
25 entailed land. Every valuation shall
be by the sacred shekel ; twenty ghera
are a shekel.
26 " However, a first-born that is born
to the EVER-LIVING, no man shall
consecrate, whether an ox or a sheep.
It is the Ever-living's.
" But if of an unclean beast, then 27
it shall be valued as an ox, and one
fifth of the price above it, and if it is
not redeemed, it shall be sold at the
valuation.
" However, anything devoted to 28
destruction, which a person devotes
to the Ever-living, of anything he
possesses, from man to beast, or an
estate of inheritance, he shall not
sell it, but he shall redeem 1 every
devoted thing ; it shall be Holy of
Holies to the EVER-LIVING. Any- 29
thing devoted, which is devoted by a
man, which is unredeemable, shall be
put to death.
Wtljat is (TitlinlTk.
" And all tithe of the land, from the 30
grain of the earth, from the fruit of
the tree, is sacred to the Ever-
living ; but if a person redeems it, 31
from tithe, he shall add one fifth to
it. All tithe of cattle and sheep, all 32
that passes under the measure for
tithing, shall be sacred to the Ever-
living. You shall not distinguish 33
between good and bad, and not
change, but if you do change, then
the exchange shall be sacred, it shall
not be redeemed."
These are the commands which the 34
Ever-Living commanded by Moses
to the children of Israel at Mount
Sinai.
1 V.
The Hebrew text reads, ^SlTSb-
'• loygal," " shall not be redeemed," which
is clearly an error of transcription, as it s
contrary to the sense. - F. F.
End of the Book of Leviticus.
THE FOURTH BOOK OF MOSES, COMMONLY CALLED
NUMBERS.
(BE MIDBAR = IN THE DESERT.)
GTommanti to (Organise nit Amur.
®hc Census of Israel.
1 'T'HE Ever-living also spoke to
J. Moses in the desert of Sinai, at
the Hall of Assembly, in the first
month, in the second year of the years
after coming from the land of the
Mitzeraim, commanding ;
2 " Record the names of all the
chiefs of the children of Israel by
the families of their ancestors in the
Register of Names ; each man from
3 his own roll ; from twenty years old
and upwards, all who can go to war
of the children of Israel — you and
Aaron organize them into their own
4 regiments. They must be assigned
each to his own tribe,— each to the
captain of the house of his ancestors.
5 And these are the names of the men
you shall appoint over them.
"To Reuben, Alizur the son of
Shadiaur ;
6 "To Simeon, Shemulial, the son of
Tzurishadai ;
7 "To Judah, Makshan, the son of
Aminadab ;
8 "To Issakar, Nakishan the son of
Tzoar;
9 "To Zebulon, Aliab, the son of
Khilon ;
io "To the sons of Joseph ; — To
Ephraim, Alishamar, the son of
Amihud ;
" To Manasseh, Gamalial the son
of Phidatzur ;
ii "To Benjamin, Abidan the son of
Ghidoni ;
12 " To Dan, Akhiazer the son of Ami-
shad dai ;
13 "To Asher, Phanuel the son of
Aknan,
14 "To Gad, Aliashur the son of
Rauel ;
15 " To Naphthali, Akhira the son of
Ainan ;
16 "I have nominated these to be
chiefs to bear the standards of the
tribes of their ancestors. They are
the princes of the regiments of
Israel."
Moses and Aaron therefore took 17
these men who were indicated to them
by name, and they summoned all the 18
chiefs of families on the first of the
second month, and they produced to
them their records of the houses of
their fathers, from the Books of
Register, from twenty years old and
upwards by their records ; — as the 19
Ever-living commanded to Moses,
and appointed in the desert of
Sinai.
And these were descendants of the 20
sons of Reuben, the oldest son of
Israel, according to the registers of
their ancestral houses in the records
of names on their heads ; — all males
of twenty years old and upwards ; all
capable of army-service, regimented 21
under the standard of Reuben, forty-
six thousand, five hundred.
Of the men descended from Simeon, 22
by the register of the house of their
fathers, arranged from the records
of names on their heads, all males of
twenty years old and upwards, — all
capable of army-service, — regimented 23
under the standard of Simeon, fifty-
nine thousand, and six hundred.
Of the men descended from Gad, 24
from the registers of their ancestral
houses by the record of names, from
twenty years old and upwards,— all
capable of army-service, — regi- 25
mented under the standard of Gad,
forty-five thousand, six hundred and
fifty.
Of the men descended from Judah, 26
by the register of their ancestral
houses, by the record of names, from
twenty years old and upwards, — all
capable of army-service, — regimented 27
under the standard of Judah, seventy-
four thousand, six hundred.
126
1-28
NUMBERS.
2-5
28 Of the men descended from Issakar,
by the registers of their ancestral
houses in the record of names, from
twenty years old and upwards, — all
29 capable of army-service, — regimented
under the standard of Issakar, fifty-
thousand, four hundred.
30 Of the men descended from
Zebulon, by the registers of their
ancestral houses in the record of
names, from twenty years old and
upwards, — all capable of army-ser-
31 vice, — regimented under the standard
of Zebulon, fifty-seven thousand, four
hundred.
32 Of the men of Joseph ; of the sons
descended from Ephraim, by the
registers of their ancestral houses, by
the record of names, from twenty
years old and upwards,— all capable
of army-service, — regimented under
33 the standard of Ephraim, forty thou-
sand, five hundred.
34 Of the men descended from Man-
asseh, by the registers of their ances-
tral houses, by the record of names,
from twenty years old and upwards,
35 — all capable of army-service, — regi-
mented under the standard of Man-
asseh, thirty thousand, two hundred.
36 Of the men descended from Ben-
jamin, by the registers of their ances-
tral houses, by the record of names,
from twenty years old and upwards,
37 — all capable of army-service, — regi-
mented under the standard of Ben-
jamin, thirty-five thousand, four
hundred.
38 Of the men descended from Dan,
by the registers of their ancestral
houses, by the record of names, from
twenty years old and upwards, — all
39 capable of army-service, — regimented
under the standard of Dan, sixty-two
thousand, seven hundred.
40 Of the men descended from Asher,
by the registers of their ancestral
houses, by the record of names,
from twenty years old and upwards,
41 — all capable of army-service, — regi-
mented under the standard of Asher,
forty-one thousand, five hundred.
42 Of the men descended from Naph-
thali, by the registers of their ances-
tral houses, by the record of names,
from twenty years old and upwards,
43 — all capable of army-service, — regi-
mented under the standard of Naph-
thali, fifty-three thousand, four
hundred.
44 These were the Army Divisions
that Moses and Aaron organized ; and
the generals of Israel were twelve
men;— each was appointed from the
house of their fathers. And the 45
officers of the children of Israel were
all from the house of their fathers
from twenty years old and upwards,
all capable of army-service in Israel ;
and the total number ofall the en- 46
rolled was six hundred and thirty
thousand, five hundred and fifty.
The Levites, however, were not en- 47
rolled among them.
(The Appshttmntt nf a }JricGth00h.
Then the Ever-living spoke to 48
Moses commanding ;
" Regarding the tribe of Levi ; you 49
shall not enrol it, so that they may
not raise their head in the midst of
the sons of Israel. However you 50
shall organize the Levites for the
sanctuary of the nation, and for all
the services, and for all pertaining to
them. They shall carry the sanctuary
and all its furniture, and shall encamp
round and guard the sanctuary.
When the sanctuary is to advance, 51
the Levites shall take it down ; and
when the sanctuary is to be pitched
the Levites shall raise it, and the
stranger who approaches shall be
killed. But the sons of Israel shall 52
attend each to their own camp, and
each to the flag of their regiments, 53
whilst the Levites must attend about
the sanctuary of the nation, that there
may not be anger upon the nation of
the sons of Israel ; therefore the
Levites shall guard the sanctuary of
the nation."
The children of Israel consequently 54
did all that the Ever-living com-
manded to Moses. They did it.
<£!)£ (Drdsrs iav (irnramuing.
The Ever-living also spoke to 2
I Moses commanding ;
" Let each encamp by his flag at the 2
! standard of the ancestral house of the
sons of Israel. Let them begin to
I encamp around the Hall of Assembly
; on the east.
' ' The encampment on the east, from 3
the sunrising, shall be for the stan-
dard of the camp of the army of
Judah ; and let Nakhshan the son of
I Aminadab command the sons of
] Judah, with his organized force of 4
seventy-four thousand, six hundred.
" And let the tribe of Issakar en- 5
camp next them, and the commander
1 of the sons of Issakar be Xathanael
2—6
NUMBERS.
3-6
the son of Tzoar, with his organized
force of fifty thousand, four hundred.
"Next the tiibe of Zebulon. Let
the commander of the sons of
Zebulon be Aliab the son of Khelon,
with his organized force of fifty-seven
thousand, |our hundred.
" All the regiments in the camp of
Judah numbering one hundred and
eighty-six thousand, four hundred ;
this force shall march first.
" The standard of Reuben shall be
on the south with its force ; and the
commander of the sons of Reuben
shall be Aliezar the son of Shadiaur,
with his organized force of forty-six
thousand, five hundred.
" And let the tribe of Simeon
encamp next them ; and the com-
mander of the tribe of Simeon be
Shilumiel the son of Tzurishadai ;
and his organized force be fifty-nine
thousand, six hundred.
" Then the tribe of Gad ; and let the
commander of the sons of Gad be
Alisaph the son of Rauel, with his
organized force of forty-five thou-
sand, six hundred and fifty. All the
organized forces in the camp of
Reuben were one hundred and fifty-
one thousand, four hundred and fifty.
And this division shall march second.
" But the camp of the Hall of
Assembly shall march with the
Levites between the camps : as they
encamp, — they shall march each
alongside of their flag.
" Let the standard of the camp of
Ephraim with his force be on the west;
and the commander of the sons of
Ephraim shall be Alishamah the son
of Amihud ; and his organized force
be forty thousand, five hundred.
" And next to him let there be the
tribe of Manasseh ; and the com-
mander of the sons of Manasseh
shall be Gamaliel the son of
Phidatzur ; and his organized force
be thirty-two thousand, two hundred.
" Then the tribe of Benjamin ; and
the commander of the sons of
Benjamin shall be Abidan the son
of Khidaoni ; and his organized force
be thirty-five thousand, four hundred.
" All the enrolments in the camp
of Ephraim were one hundred and
eight thousand, one hundred ; they
shall march third with their force.
" Let the standard of the tribe of
Dan be on the north with its force ;
and the commander of the sons of
Dan shall be Akhiazur the son of
Amishadai, and his organized force 26
be sixty-two thousand, seven hundred.
" Andletthe tribe of Asher encamp 27
next them ; and the commander of
the sons of Asher shall be Phanuel
the son of Akran, and his organized 28
force was one and forty thousand,
five hundred.
" Then the tribe of Naphthali ; and 29
let the commander of the sons of
Naphthali be Akhira the son of
Ainan ; and his organized force be 30
fifty-three thousand, four hundred.
"All the enrolments in the camp 31
of Dan were one hundred and fifty-
seven thousand, six hundred, who
marched in the rear after their flags."
These were the divisions of the 32
children of Israel, by their ancestral
houses. The numbers in the regi-
ments, in the camps of their forces,
were six hundred and three thousand,
five hundred, and fifty.1 But the 33
Levites were not enrolled among the
sons of Israel, as the Ever-living
commanded to Moses.
The children of Israel did as 34
the Ever-livixg commanded to
Moses. They encamped by their
regiments, and thus they marched ; —
each with his family, by the house of
their fathers.
families at ittoses anir JLtrntt.
The following were the children of 3
Aaron and Moses at the time the
Ever-living spoke with Moses at
Mount Sinai.
(T!jc ^0tts of Aartfit.
And these are the names of the 2
sons of Aaron. The eldest Nadab,
and Abihu, Aliazar and Aithamar.
These were the names of the sons of 3
Aaron the consecrated priest, who
filled the office of priests. But Xadab 4
and Abihu died before the Lord,
when they offered strange fire before
the Ever-living in the Wilderness
of Sinai ; and they had no sons, so
Aliazar and Aithamar became priests
in the presence of Aaron their father.
(fnnftnnation of U"rlntc5 ;ts |lmsis.
Then the Ever-living spoke to 5
Moses saying,
" Present the tribe of Levi, and 6
station them before Aaron the priest,
1 Note 50 = lit. "a set often fives." — F. F.
3-7
XI'MBERS.
3-36
7 and they shall serve with him, and
guard what is intrusted to him, and
the trusts of all the congregation, in
the Hall of Assembly, and perform
8 the services of the sanctuary. They
shall also guard all the furniture of
the Hall of Assembly, and the trusts
of the children of Israel, and perform
9 the services of the sanctuary. There-
fore give the Levites to Aaron and
his sons. Presenting them to him as
an offering for the children of Israel,
10 and instruct Aaron and his sons, that
they must preserve the priesthood,
and the stranger who approaches it
shall die."
Reparation of the (Tribe ai ittot.
11 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses commanding ; —
12 "I, also, now, have taken the
Levites from among the children of
Israel ; so the Levites shall be Mine,
13 for all the firstborn were Mine at the
time when I cut off all the firstborn in
the land of the Mitzeraim. I then
dedicated all the firstborn of Israel
to Myself, from man and also from
beast. They shall be Mine. I am
the Ever-living."
(Llje ICcbttrs to be (Onjanisco.
14 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses in the Wilderness of Sinai,
commanding,
15 " Organize the sons of Levi by
their ancestral houses from their
registers, — you must organize every
male from a month old and
upwards."
16 Moses consequently organized
them as the Ever-living com-
17 manded ; and these were the sons of
Levi by their names ; — Ghershon,
and Kahath, and Merari.
18 And these were the names of the
sons of Ghershon, by their registers,
Libni and Shimai.
19 And the sons of Kahath, by their
registers, Amram and Itzar, Khabron
and Ouzial.
20 And the sons of Merari by their
registers, Makhli, and Mashi.
These are from the registers of the
21 ancestral houses of Levi ; from the
registers of Ghershon, from the
registers of Libni ; from the registers
of Shimai. These were from the
registers of the Ghershonites.
22 They were organized from the
books, every male from a month old
and upwards; a— their enrolment was
seven thousand, five hundred.
" The families of the Ghershonites 23
shall encamp behind the sanctuary,
to the westward ; and the commander 24
of the house of the Ghershonites
shall be Aliasaph the son of Lael.
Thus the duties of the sons of Gher- 25
shon shall be in the Hall of Assembly
about the sanctuary, and the sacred
! tabernacle, and the screen before the
entrance of the Hall of Assembly, and 26
the curtains of the court, and the
screen at the entrance of the court,
that is above the sanctuary ; and
around the altar, and all the instru-
ments for the whole of the services."
And those enrolled from the 27
families of the Amramites, and from
the families of the Izeharites, and
from the families of the Khabronites,
and from the families of the Azrialites,
those who were from the families of
Kaharites according to the register,— 28
all the males, from a month old and
upwards, were eight thousand, six
hundred to form the guard of the
Holy Place.
"The families of the sons of 29
Kahath shall encamp upon the south
side of the sanctuary; and the com- 30
mander of the families of Kahathites
shall be Alizaphan the son of Azial.
They shall be entrusted with the ark, 31
and the table, and the lamp, and the
altars, and the sacred furniture,
which they shall guard ; with the
screen, and all the appliances of the
services. The prince who commands 32
the Levites shall be Aliazar the son
of Aaron, the priest, who shall be
appointed to guard the sacred trusts."
But in conjunction with Merari 33
were the families of Makhli, and the
family of Mushi. They were with the
family of Merari. They were also en- 34
j rolled in the register every male from
i a month old and upwards, six thou-
sand, two hundred ;
"And the commander of the 35
ancestral house of Merari shall be
Tzurial the son of Abikhail. They
shall encamp at the north side of the
sanctuary ; and the duties of the sons 36
of Merari shall be the guardianship
of the planks of the sanctuary ; and
the cross-bars, and the pillars ; and
1 V. 22. N.B. lit. "from the son of a
renewal and upwards." I.e., a renewal of the
I simplest astronomical cycle, a month. Com-
pare "Sons of the Resurrection."— F. F.
129
3- 37
NUMBERS.
4-i4
he bases, and all the appurtenances,
37 as well as the pillars of the surround-
ing court, and their bases, and the
spikes and ropes.
38 " But Moses and Aaron shall
encamp before the sanctuary on the
east, in front of the Hall of Assembly,
and Aaron and his sons shall guard
the sacred things confided to them in
trust for the children of Israel ; and
if a stranger approaches he shall be
killed."
39 All the enrolments of the Levites
that Moses and Aaron organized
before the Ever-living from their
families, all males from a month
old and upwards, were twenty-two
thousand.
CCntsus of tljt Jfiratbont atbsxeb.
40 The Ever-living also said to
Moses, " Take a census of every first-
born male of the children of Israel,
from a month old and upwards, and
record them in a register by name.
41 But you shall separate the Levites
for Myself, — I, the Ever-living—
instead of all the firstborn of the
children of Israel, and the cattle of
the Levites also instead of the first-
born of the cattle of the children of
Israel."
42 Moses therefore enumerated as the
Ever-living commanded him, every
43 male of the children of Israel, and all
the firstborn males were recorded in
the register of names, from a month
old and upwards, to the number of
forty thousand, two hundred and
seventy-three.
Reparation of the UTrbttrs oruereo.
44 The Ever-living afterwards
spoke to Moses, commanding'; —
45 "Separate the Levites instead of
the firstborn of the children of Israel,
and the cattle of the Levites instead
of their cattle. The Levites shall be
46 Mine ; I am the Ever-living. And
for the redemption of the firstborn of
the children of Israel in excess of the
47 number, take five shekels for each
head, by the sacred shekel. Let
there be twenty grains to a shekel,
48 and give the money to Aaron and his
sons to redeem that excess."
49 Moses consequently collected the
money for their ransom from the
persons in excess of the firstborn
50 who were ransomed, from the chil-
dren of Israel. The tax by that
money produced one thousand, three
hundred and sixty-five shekels, by the
sacred shekel. Moses gave the money 51
of the ransom to Aaron and his sons
before the Ever-living : — as the
Ever-living commanded to Moses.
(The Rons of lliahath appointed
(Imai-uians of the Racrei) Vessels.
The Ever-living alsocommanded 4
Moses,
" Enumerate the persons of the 2
sons of Kahath from among the sons
of Levi, by the registers of their
ancestral house, from the age of 3
thirty years and upwards to fifty
years ; — all capable of army service, —
to conduct the business of the Hall
of Assembly. The work of the sons 4
of Kahath shall be in the Hall of
Assembly, Holy of Holies. But 5
Aaron and his sons shall proceed to
pitch the tabernacle and to take down
the veil of the screen and to cover
with it the Ark of Witnesses ; and 6
they shall put over it the covering of
badgers' skins, and spread the beauti-
ful azure cloth over all, and put in
the staves. And spread the azure 7
cloth over the Table of the Presence,
and place upon it the dishes, and the
cups, and the hammers, and the
coronal, and the pitcher, and the
bread, arranged upon it. Then they 8
shall spread over them the blue-red
cloth, and cover it with the covering
of badger skin and put the staves
into its handles. Then take the 9
azure cloth and cover the lamps of
light, and the reflectors, and the
snuffers, and their dishes, and collect
the whole of the furniture, whose
guardianship is with them, and
place them, and the whole of the 10
furniture, under the covering of
badger skin, and put them on the
waggons. They shall also spread 11
the azure cloth over the Golden
Altar, and cover it with the covering
of badger skin, and put its staves
into it.
" They shall also take the whole of 12
the instruments, the custody of which
is with them, to the Holy-place, and
cover with the azure cloth, and wrap
them in the covering of badger skin,
and put them on the waggons. They 13
shall also clean the altar and spread
over it the purple cloth and place
upon it all its instruments whose
custody is with them ; — the shovels, 14
the rakes, and sprinklers, and the
130
4-i5
NUMBERS.
4-43
brushes, and all the instruments of
the altar, and spread over them a
covering of badger skin, and put the
15 staves into the handles. And Aaron
and his sons shall complete the cover-
ing of the sanctuary, and the whole of
the sacred furniture, at the striking
of the camp ; and afterwards the sons
of Kahath shall come to carry them.
But they shall not approach the
sanctuary for fear of death. The
sons of Kahath shall carry them to
16 the Hall of Assembly, and Aliazar,
the son of Aaron the priest, shall
provide oil for the lamps, and sweet
incense, and pure offerings, and Oil
of Consecration, — having the care of
all the sanctuary, and all that is in it,
with the Holy-place, and all its
furniture."
17 The Ever-living also commanded
Moses and Aaron ;
18 " Separate for Me the family of the
Kahathites from amongst the Levites,
19 and do this to them, so that they may
live and not die. Let Aaron and his
sons conduct them up to the Holy of
Holies, and set each of them to the
work he is to do, and to his labour.
20 But they shall not approach to see,
except the covering of the sacred
things, for fear of death."
21 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses commanding ; —
(Organisation of. tlj-e (Dhn-shonites.
22 " Enumerate the individuals of the
sons of Ghershon from the registers
23 of their ancestral house, from thirty
years old and upwards to fifty years
old. Organize all of them capable
of army service, to perform the work
24 of the Hall of Assembly. These are
the services for the families of the
Ghershonites to work and carry out ;
25 they shall carry the curtains of the
sanctuary and cover the Hall of As-
sembly with the covering of badger
skin that is extended above it, and the
screen at the door of the Hall of
26 Assembly, and the curtains of the
court that is around the sanctuary,
and the altar, and the ropes, and all
the furniture of the services, all this
27 is their service. The sons of the
Ghershonites shall be under the direc-
tion of Aaron and his sons, for any
service ; for any carrying, and for any
labour, and you shall organize them
for every labour by their families.
28 This shall be the service of the fami-
lies of the Ghershonites at the Hall
of Assembly ; and also their duties
under the order of Aithamar, the son
of Aaron the priest.
(Organisation 0f the *5>ona of irteran.
" Organize the sons of Merari from 29
the registers of their ancestral house ;
from thirty years old up to fifty years 30
old. Organize all capable of army
service, to do the work of the Hall of
Assembly. And this is their duty to 31
carry in all the appliances of the Hall
of Assembly ; the planks of the sanc-
tuary, and the cross-bars ; and the
pillars and their sockets ; with the 32
pillars of the court around it, and
their sockets, and pegs, and ropes ;
with all the furniture and all the
instruments ; and they shall pack up
the furniture carefully for carriage.
" This shall be the duty of the 33
family of the sons of Merari in all
their service in the Hall of Assembly,
under the orders of Aithamar, the son
of Aaron the priest."
Moses consequently organized, and 34
Aaron enumerated the family of the
sons of Kahathites from the registers
of their ancestral house, from the age 35
of thirty years and upwards to fifty
years of age, all capable of army ser-
vice, for work in the Hall ot Assembly.
And there were organized from the 36
registers, one thousand, seven hun-
dred and fifty. These were enrolled 37
from the registers of the Kahathites,
all for service in the Hall of Assembly,
as Moses and Aaron were instructed
from the presence of the Ever-
livixg, by the hand of Moses.
The sons of Ghershon were thus 3S
enrolled from the registers of their
ancestral house, from thirty years of 39
age, and upwards, to fifty years old,
all capable of army service, to serve
in the Hall of Assembly. And there 40
were enrolled from the registers of
their ancestral house, one thousand,
six hundred and sixty. They were 41
organized from the families of the
sons of Ghershon, all for service in the
Hall of Assembly, whom Moses and
Aaron organized by the command of
the Ever-living.
There were also enrolled from the 42
families of the sons of Merari from
the registers of their ancestral house,
from thirty years of age upwards to 43
fifty years old, all capable of army
service, for the service of the Hall of
r3]
-44
NUMBERS.
44 Assembly, and their number was by
the registers, three thousand, two
45 hundred. These were enrolled from
the registers of the sons of Merari
whom Moses and Aaron appointed
by an order from the EVER-LIVING,
by the hand of Moses.
46 Moses and Aaron, and the Princes
of Israel, with the Levites, appointed
all those enrolled from the registers
47 of their ancestral houses, from thirty
years of age, and upwards, to fifty
years old, who were all to execute
the duties of the service, and do the
carrying in the Hall of Assembly ;
48 and their number was nine thousand,
49 five hundred and eighty. They were
appointed by order of the Ever-
living, by the hand of Moses, every-
one to his duty, and to his office, and
appointment; as the Ever-living
commanded to Moses.
Commanu to cxycl ^vasiiinUs aitb
^Irofltijatcs from the Camp.
5 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses commanding ;— -
2 " Command the children of Israel
that they must send out of the camp
all afflicted by contagious disease,
and all with venereal diseases, and all
3 of foul life ; whether male or female,
so that they may not infect the camp,
in the midst of which I dwell."
4 The children of Israel accordingly
did so, and sent them to the outside
of the camp, as the Ever-living had
commanded to Moses. The children
of Israel did it.
(The ICnlu of jforotuintrso of §tn.
5 Then the Ever-living commanded
to Moses saying ; —
6 " Say to the children of Israel, The
man or woman who perversely com-
mits any human sin against the EVER-
7 living ; that person is guilty. But
if they make confession of the sin
whichthey have committed , and would
remedy the wrong they have done,
and remove it from them, let them
add a fifth part to it, and give to him
8 who has been wronged. But if the
man does not possess the means of
restoration for the wrong he has done,
the culprit shall return to the Ever-
living, by the priest, in place of it,
a ram as an expiation which shall
expiate for him as to the wrong.
9 "And every such oblation conse-
crated by the children of Israel, which
they offer through the priest, shall be
the priest's. But whatever a person 10
devotes must be his own property ;
and what a man gives to the priest
shall be the priest's property." J
italu of ^utGuirion of Aunltrru.
The Ever-living also spoke to 11
Moses commanding ; —
"Speak to the children of Israel 12
and say to them ; If a man suspects
his wife of having gone astray, and of
a man having had sinful intercourse
with her ; and that his wife has hidden 13
from his sight that she has been de-
filed ; but he has no witness of it,
and she has not been divorced; yet 14
the breath of suspicion has passed
over her, and he suspects his wife,
that she has been defiled, or that a
breath of suspicion has passed over
her, and he suspects his wife although
she may not have been defiled ; then 15
the man shall bring his wife to the
priest, and shall bring as a gift for
her with her, the twelfth of an epha
of barley meal, without any oil poured
upon it ; nor shall he put incense with
it, — for it is an offering of jealousy; —
an offering of remembrance, for re-
minding of frailty.
"Then the priest shall make her 16
advance, and place her before the
Ever-living, when the priest shall 17
take holy water in an earthenware
cup, and some dust that is on the
floor of the sanctuary, and put it into
the water. The priest shall then 18
station the woman before the Ever-
living, and uncover the woman's
head, and place in her hands the
Gift of Remembrance, — the Gift of
Jealousy, — and the bitter water of
cursing shall be in the hand of the
priest. The priest shall also ad- 19
minister an oath to her, and say to
the woman ;
" ' If a man has not had connection
with you, and if you have not turned
to a seducer instead of your hus-
band, be free from the water of
this bitter curse ; but if you have 20
turned to another than your husband,
with whom you have been sinning,
and that a man has been to you
instead of your husband ' — (here the 21
priest shall swear the woman with
this oath, and the priest shall say to
1 V. 10. This verse is very obscure in the
Hebrew, but the version above given seems
to be its meaning. — F. F.
132
5—22
NUMBERS.
6 -iS
the woman) — 'then may the Ever-
living make you a curse and impre-
cation among your relatives ! May
the Ever-living make your thigh to
22 rot and your belly to swell, and may
this water of cursing become in your
bowels as rottenness to the bowels,
and as swelling to your thigh ! '
" (Then the woman shall say) ' So
let it be ! So let it be ! '
23 " The priest shall afterwards write
these curses on a tablet, and wash
24 them off with the bitter water, and
the woman shall drink the water of
the bitter curses, and swallow the
water of the bitter curses.
25 " Then the priest shall take from
the hand of the woman the Gift of
Jealousy, and wave the Gift before
the Ever-living, and offer it upon
26 the altar. The priest shall also take
a handful from the remembrance,
and cause it to be burnt at the altar,
and after that the woman shall drink
27 the water, and the water drunk shall
— if she has been corrupted, and has
dishonoured her husband — then be-
come a bitter curse, and swell her
belly, and rot her thigh, and the
woman shall be a curse in the circle
of her relatives.
28 " But if the woman has not denied
herself, and is pure, then she shall be
free from them, and be conceiving
children.
29 " These are the laws about the sus-
picion that a woman has turned from
her husband and degraded herself ;
30 or for a man when there passes over
him the breath of suspicion, and he
suspects his wife, and brings her be-
fore the Ever-living. The priest
shall proceed towards them according
31 to this enactment, and free the hus-
band from his passion, and thus con
tinue the woman's marriage rights."
H'alu of ilit^arttc Uolus.
6 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses commanding ; —
2 " Speak to the children of Israel
and say to them, The man, or woman
who dedicates himself by a vow of
separation, as a Nazarite, to the
3 Ever-living, shall abstain from wine
and strong drink ; he shall not drink
of fermented wine, or fermented drink,
nor drink any product of grapes, nor
4 eat of fresh or dried grapes. He may
not eat during all the period of his
dedication of anything made from the
vine, either wine, or vinegar, or even
grape skins. Nor during the period 5
of his dedication shall a razor be
passed over his head, until he has
completed the time for which he
dedicated himself to the Ever-
living. The flowing locks of the hair
of his head shall be sacred to the
Ever-living. Nor shall he, during 6
the whole period of his dedication to
the Ever-living, approach to a dead
body; nor defile himself for his father 7
or his mother, or his brother, or his
sister, if they die ; for the dedication
to his GOD is upon his head. All the 8
period of his dedication he is sacred
to the Ever-living. Even if anyone 9
shall die near him suddenly, that
incident will defile the dedication of
his head. To purify himself he shall
shave his head on the same day, and
it shall be shaven again on the seventh
day ; and on the eighth day he shall 10
bring two turtle-doves or two young
pigeons to the priest, at the door of the
Hall of Assembly, and the priest shall 1 1
use one of them for a sin-offering, and
the other for a burnt-offering, and
expiate for him about the defilement
of his body, and his head shall be
sanctified in that day. But he shall 12
separate himself anew for his dedica-
tion to the Ever-living, and bring a
he lamb of one year as a trespass-
offering, for the previous period has
failed by a defect in his separation.
ICnlu of iUleasc from ila^nritdjoou.
" And these are the rules for the 13
Xazarite, at the day when he com-
pletes the period of his separation —
he shall come to the door of the Hall
of Assembly, and present as his gift 14
to the Ever-living a perfect he lamb
of the year for a burnt-offering ; and
a perfect ewe lamb of the year for a
trespass-offering; and a perfect ram
for a peace-offering ; and a basket of 15
cakes of flour mixed with oil ; with
their food and drink offerings, and 16
the priest shall offer them before the
Ever-living, and make the sin-
offering, and the burnt-offering. But 17
of the ram he shall make a sacrifice
of thanks to the Ever-living with
the basket of cakes, and the priest
shall also offer the food-offering, and
the drink-offering.
" He shall then shave the Nazarite 18
at the door of the Hall of Assembly,
at the end of his dedication, and take
the hair of his head that he had
dedicated and put it upon the fire
133
6—i9
NUMBERS
7—23
which is under the sacrifice of thanks.
19 Then the priest shall take the boiled
shoulder of the ram, and one of the
unfermented cakes from the basket,
and one of the thin cakes, and put
them into one of the hands of the
Nazarite, who is being released from
20 his dedication. Then the priest shall
wave them before the Ever-living,
they shall be sacred to the priest, as
well as the raised breast, and the
raised leg ; — and the Nazarite may
afterwards drink wine.
21 " These are the laws of separation
when anyone vows to give himself
to the Ever-living. He shall not
dedicate himself, unless he knows he
is able to perform what his mouth
has vowed. When he has vowed
he shall perform it, by this law of
separation."
(Ehe- ^rtcstlu itUrsstita.
22 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses, commanding; —
23 "Speak to Aaron and to his sons,
You shall bless the children of Israel
in this way, saying; —
24 "'The Lord bless you and guard
you.
25 The LORD spread His canopy over
you,
And be gracious to you.
26 The Lord make His face beam
upon you,
And give you peace ! '
27 " Then I will place My Name upon
the children of Israel and bless them."
ST/he (Consecration of the .^anctnanr.
7 And when the time came that
the sanctuary was finished, Moses
erected, and consecrated, and sancti-
fied it, with all its furniture ; and the
altar and all its instruments ; and
2 sanctified them. Then the Princes
of Israel, the heads of their ancestral
houses, the Princes of the tribes
and the commanders of regiments,
3 approached, and brought as their
gifts to present to the Ever-living
six covered waggons and twelve
bullocks ; a waggon for two princes,
and a bullock for each, and presented
them before the sanctuary.
4 Then the Ever-living spoke to
Moses, commanding ; —
5 " Receive them, and they shall be
to perform the work of the Hall of
Assembly. Therefore give them to
the Levites, each according to the
amount of their work."
Moses consequently accepted the 6
waggons, and the bullocks, and gave
them to the Levites ; — he allotted two 7
waggons and four of the bullocks to
the sons of Ghershon, for their work.
And four of the waggons and eight 8
of the bullocks he allotted to the sons
of Merari for their work, under the
control of Aithamar, the son of Aaron,
the priest.
But to the sons of Kahath he gave 9
none, for the sacred work they did
was laid upon their shoulders.
Consecration of the Altar.
The princes also came forward at 10
the dedication of the altar, on the
day of its consecration, and the
princes presented their gifts before
the altar.
(fnfts from the princes.
But the Ever-living said to Moses, 1 1
" Let them offer their gifts at the
dedication of the altar, one prince
a day, then another prince a day."
So Nakhshon the son of Aminadab 12
of the tribe of Judah, presented his
gift the first day ; and his gift was a 13
silver dish of a hundred and thirty
shekels, a silver watering-can, of
seventy shekels, by the sacred weights,
both filled with fine flour mixed with
oil as a food-offering.
One cup made of gold, full of 14
incense.
A bullock from the fold ; a ram ; 15
a sheep of the year, for a burnt-offer-
ing, one he-goat for a sin-offering and 16
two bullocks for a sacrifice of thanks, 17
with five rams, five he-goats, five sheep
of a year old ; — these were the gift of
Nakhshon the son of Aminadab.
On the second day Nathaniel the 18
son of Tzoar, prince of Issakar, came
forward. He offered as his gift a 19
silver dish of one hundred and thirty
shekels, a silver watering-pot of
seventy shekels, by the sacred weight,
both of them full of fine flour mixed
with oil, as a food-offering. A cup 20
made of gold, full of incense; a 21
bullock from the fold, a ram, a sheep
of the year for a burnt-offering, a he- 22
goat for a sin-offering, and as a sacri- 23
fice of thanks, two bullocks, five rams,
five he-goats, five sheep of a year old ;
— this was the offering of Nathaniel
the son of Tzoar.
134
7-24
XIMBERS.
7-73
24 On the third day, the prince of the
sons of Zebulon, Aliab, the son of
25 Khelon, presented a silver dish of a
hundred and thirty shekels, a silver
watering-can of seventy shekels, by
the sacred weights, both full of fine
flour mixed with oil for a food-offer-
26 ing; a cup made of gold, full of
27 incense, a bullock from the fold, a
ram, a sheep of the year, for a burnt-
28 offering ; a he-goat for a sin-offering ;
29 and for a sacrifice of thanks two
bullocks, five rams, five he-goats, five
vear old sheep— these were the gift
of Aliab the son of Khelon.
30 On the fourth day, the prince of
the sons of Reuben, Aliazer the son
31 of Shadiaur, presented a silver dish
of one hundred and thirty shekels, a
silver watering-can of seventy shekels,
by the sacred weights; both full of
fine flour mixed with oil, for a food-
32 offering; a cup made of gold, full of
33 incense ; a bull from the fold, a ram,
a lamb of the year for a burnt-offer-
34 ing; a he-goat for a sin-offering; and
35 for a sacrifice of thanks, two bullocks,
five rams, five he-goats, five year old
sheep— these were the gift of Aliazar
the son of Shadiaur.
36 On the fifth day the prince of the
sons of Simeon, Shelumial the son
37 of Tzorishadai, presented a silver dish
of one hundred and thirty shekels,
by the sacred weight, a silver water-
ing-can of seventy shekels, by the
sacred shekel, both full of fine flour
mixed with oil for a food-offering;
38 a cup made of gold, full of incense ;
39 a bull from the fold, a ram, a year
40 old lamb for a burnt-offering, a he-
41 goat for a sin-offering ; and for a
sacrifice of thanks, two bullocks, five
rams, five he-goats, five year old
sheep— these were the gift of Shelu-
mial the son of Tzorishadai.
42 On the sixth day the prince of the
sons of Gad, Aliasaf the son of Rauel
43 presented a silver dish of one hundred
and thirty shekels, by the sacred
weight, a watering-can of seventy
shekels, by the sacred weight, both
full of fine flour mixed with oil for a
44 food-offering; a cup made of gold,
45 full of incense, a bull from the stall,
a ram, a lamb of one year old for a
46 burnt-offering ; and for a sacrifice of
47 thanks, two bullocks, five rams, five
he-goats, five year old sheep— these
were the gift of Aliasaf the son of
Rauel.
48 On the seventh day the prince of
the sons of Ephraim, Alishamah the
son of Amihud, presented a silver 49
dish of one hundred and thirty
shekels, a silver watering-can of
seventy shekels, by the sacred
weights ; both full of fine flour mixed
with oil for a food-offering ; a cup 50
made of gold, full of incense; a bull 51
from the fold, a ram, a sheep of a year
old for a burnt-offering; a he-goat 52
for a sin-offering ; and for a sacrifice 53
of thanks two bullocks, five rams,
five he-goats, five year old sheep —
these were the gift of Alishamah the
son of Amihud.
On the eighth day the prince of the 54
sons of Manasseh, Gamalial the son
of Phidhatzur, presented a silver dish 55
of one hundred and thirty shekels,
a silver watering-can of seventy
shekels, by the sacred weights, both
full of fine flour mixed with oil, for
a food-offering; a cup made of gold, 56
full of incense ; a bull from the fold, 57
a ram, a year old sheep, for a burnt-
offering ; a he-goat for a sin-offering ; 58
and for a sacrifice of thanks, two 59
bullocks, five rams, five sheep of a
year old. These were the gift of
Gamalial the son of Phidhatzur.
On the ninth day the prince of the 60
sons of Benjamin, Abidan, the son
of Gadoni, presented a silver dish of 61
one hundred and thirty shekels, a
silver watering-can of seventy shekels,
by the sacred weights, both full of
fine flour mixed with oil, as a food-
offering; a cup made of gold, full of 62
incense, a bull from the fold, a ram, 63
a sheep of a year old, for a burnt-
offering ; and for a sacrifice of thanks, 64
two bullocks, five rams, five year old 65
sheep. These were the gift of Abidan
the son of Gadoni.
On the tenth day the prince of the 66
sons of Dan, Akhiazar the son of
Amishadai, presented a silver dish of 67
one hundred and thirty shekels; a
silver watering-can, of seventy shekels,
by the sacred weights, both full of
fine flour mixed with oil, as a food-
offering ; a cup made of gold, full of 68
incense; a bull from the fold, a ram, 69
a year old sheep for a burnt-offering,
a he-goat for a sin-offering, and as a 70
sacrifice of thanks, two bullocks, five 71
rams, five he-goats, five year old
sheep. These were the gift of
Akhiazar the son of Amishadai.
On the eleventh day the prince of 72
the sons of Asher, Phanuel the son of
Akran, presented a silver dish of one 73
135
7-74
NUMBERS.
8—16
hundred and thirty shekels, a silver
watering-can of seventy shekels, by
the sacred weights, both full of fine
flour mixed with oil, as a food-offer-
74 ing, a cup made of gold, full of
75 incense, a bull from the fold, a ram,
a sheep of a year old, for a burnt-
76 offering; a he-goat for a sin-offering,
77 and for an offering of thanks, two
bullocks, five rams, five goats, five
year old sheep. These were the gift
of Phanuel the son of Akran.
78 On the twelfth day the prince of
the sons of Naphthali, Akhaira the
79 son of Ainan, presented a silver dish
of one hundred and thirty shekels, a
silver watering-can of seventy shekels,
by the sacred weights, both full of
fine flour mixed with oil, for a food-
80 offering, a cup made of gold full of
81 incense, a bull from the fold, a ram,
a lamb of a year old, for a burnt-
82 offering, a he-goat for a sin-offering,
83 and as a sacrifice of thanks, two
bullocks, five rams, five he-goats, five
sheep of a year old. These were
the gift of Akhaira the son of Ainan.
84 These were dedicated on the altar
at the time it was consecrated, by
the Princes of Israel ; — twelve silver
dishes; twelve silver watering-cans,
85 twelve cups made of gold. Each of
the silver dishes was one hundred
and thirty, and each of the watering-
cans seventy ; all the silver vessels
were one thousand four hundred, by
the sacred shekel.
86 The cups of gold full of incense
were twelve ; ten to a cup, by the
sacred shekel ; all the gold was one
hundred and twenty.
87 All the bullocks for burnt-offerings
were twelve, the bulls and rams,
twelve, the lambs of a year old,
twelve, with their food-offerings,
and the he-goats were twelve for
sin-offerings.
88 And all the cattle for the sacrifices
of thanks, twenty-four bulls, sixty
rams, sixty he-goats, sixty sheep of a
year old. Thus the altar was dedi-
cated after its consecration.
03 oD speaks to ittoscs at the Bttii-
rattoit of the Altar.
89 Then Moses went into the Hall
of Assembly to speak to Him, and
heard the Voice speaking to him
from the Mercy-seat, which is upon
the Ark of the Witnesses, from between
the two Kerubim, there He spoke
to him.
Consecration ot the Camps.
And the EVER-LIVING spoke to 8
Moses commanding; —
" Speak to Aaron, and say to him ; 2
When you set up the lamps opposite
the reflectors, light the seven lamps."
Aaron consequently did so, erecting 3
the lamps opposite the reflectors, as
the Ever-living commanded to
Moses. And this was the form of the 4
reflectors, concaves of gold on stalks
at the cups. They were concave that
they might reflect the light, as the
Ever-living showed Moses, so he
made the reflectors.
(The ii'euttcs consetvaUb to 05oo.
The Ever-living also spoke to 5
Moses commanding ; —
" Take theLevites from among the 6
children of Israel and purify them.
Purify them in this manner ; pour 7
water for sin over them, and let them
pass it naked over all their body,
and wash their clothing and purify
themselves.
"Then take a bull from the fold, 8
with its food-offering of fine flour
mixed with oil, and a second bull
from the fold take for a sin-offering,
and present the Levites before the 9
Hall of Assembly, and collect all the
chiefs of the children of Israel. And 10
when you have presented the Levites
before the EVER-LIVING, then the
children of Israel shall lay their
hands upon the Levites, and Aaron 11
shall wave the Levites before the
Ever-living for the children of
Israel, and they shall be appointed
to perform the services of the EVER-
LIVING.
"Then the Levites shall lay their 12
hands upon the head of the bulls,
and Aaron shall make of the first a
sin-offering, and of the other a burnt-
offering to the Ever-living, to
expiate for the Levites.
"Afterwards station the Levites 13
before Aaron, and before his sons,
and wave them to the Ever-living.
and separate the Levites from the 14
midst of the children of Israel, and
the Levites shall be Mine. And after 15
that you shall bring the Levites to
serve in the Hall of Assembly, but
you must purify them and wave them ;
for they are a Gift, given to Me, from 16
out of the children of Israel. I have
taken them to Myself instead of the
first-born product of the womb of all
136
8 i7
NUMBERS.
9
17 the children of Israel. For all the
first-born of the children of Israel
were Mine, of man or of beast, from
the day when I cut off all the first-
born in the land of the Mitzeraim I
18 sanctified them to Myself. Therefore
I take the Levites instead of all the
first-born of the children of Israel,
19 and I give the Levites to Aaron and
to his sons from among the children
of Israel to perform the duties of the
children of Israel in the Hall of
Assembly, and to expiate for the
children of Israel, and that the chil-
dren of Israel may not be struck when
the children of Israel approach to
the sanctuary."
20 Moses and Aaron consequently did
in conjunction with all the chiefs of
the families of the children of Israel
to the Levites, according to all that
the Ever-living commanded to
Moses, regarding the Levites. The
children of Israel did it to them.
21 They also offered sin-offerings for the
Levites, and they washed their cloth-
ing, and Aaron waved them before
the EVER-LIVING, and Aaron expiated
22 for them, and purified them, and after
that the Levites went to perform their
duties in the Hall of Assembly before
the Ever-living ; as Jehovah com-
manded to Moses about the Levites,
so they did.
(The Duties of the U'euttes.
23 The Ever-livixg also spoke to
Moses commanding; —
24 "The Levites shall do this — from
the age of twenty-five and upwards
they must serve in the duties of the
25 Hall of Assembly, but at the age of
fifty they shall retire from service in
those duties ; and not serve further,
26 except to superintend their brothers
in the Hall of Assembly, to keep
guard, but not perform the services.
This is how you shall arrange for the
Levites who superintend."
©he }Ja550oer htstttuteu.
9 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses in the Wilderness of Sinai, in
the second year after coming out
from the land of the Mitzeraim, in
the first month, commanding ; —
2 " Let the children of Israel make
3 the Passover in their Assembly, offer-
ing it upon the fourteenth day of this
month, between morning and even-
ing. You shall sacrifice it in the
Assembly with all its ordinances, and
all its rites."
Moses consequently spoke to the 4
children of Israel to sacrifice the Pass-
over. Therefore they offered the 5
first Passover on the fourteenth day of
the month between morning and even-
ing, in the Wilderness of Sinai. The
children of Israel did all that the
Ever-living commanded to Moses.
But there were men who were un- 6
clean from a human corpse, so that
they were not able to eat of the
Passover, or to sacrifice the Passover
on that day, so they approached the
presence of Moces and the presence
of Aaron upon that day, and those 7
men said; "There is a defilement
upon us from a human corpse, by
which we are prevented from offering
the Gift to the Ever-living in the
Assembly together with the children
of Israel."
When Moses replied, " Stay, and I 8
will hear what the Ever-living com-
mands about you."
Then the EVER -LIVING spoke to 9
Moses commanding ; —
iT In." (Rut-lean to tat tlje }.1aoGober
as Uiell as tljr (Heart.
" Speak to the children of Israel 10
saying ; Any one of you who may be
unclean from a human corpse, or
away upon a journey, or in your
families, still let him sacrifice the
j Passover to the Ever-living ; inthe 11
second month, he shall offer it. It
shall be eaten with unfermented
bread and bitter herbs. None of it 12
shall remain with you until the
morning, and you shall not break a
bone of it, but sacrifice it with all the
ordinances of the Passover. And 13
whoever may be clean, and has not
been on ajourney, and fails to sacrifice
the Passover, — that person shall be
excommunicated from his relatives,
for not offering the gift to the Ever-
living with the Assembly. That
person is guilty for his sin. And if 14
a foreigner resides with you and
sacrifices the Passover to the Ever-
living it must be with the ordinances
of the Passover and its rites. It must
be offered with the same ordinances
by you, both for the foreigner and
the native of the country."
(Tlje (frecttoit of tlje ^attrtnanr.
On the day of the erection of the 15
sanctuary, the cloud covered the
37
9— 16
NUMBERS.
IO-23
Tabernacle of the Hall of Witnesses,
and in the evening there was over
the Tabernacle like the light of fire
16 until morning. So it was always —
the cloud covered by day, and the
17 light of fire at night. And when the
cloud arose from off the Hall, then
the children of Israel marched, and
at the place where the cloud settled
the children of Israel encamped.
18 The children of Israel marched at
the command of the Ever-living,
and they encamped at the command
of the Ever-living every day : — they
encamped where the cloud rested
19 upon the Tabernacle. But when the
cloud rested upon the Tabernacle
many days, then the children of Israel
watched the Ever-living and did
20 not march. And if the cloud re-
mained a number of days upon the
Tabernacle by command of the
Ever-living they encamped, and at
the command of the Ever-living
21 they marched. But if the cloud
remained from evening to morning,
and the cloud went up at the morn-
ing, then they marched, whether
day or night; thus when the cloud
22 went up they marched ; but whenever
for days, or a month, or long j
periods, the cloud rested upon the 1
Tabernacle the Children of Israel
encamped, and did not march ; but
23 on it going up they marched. By
command of the Ever-living they
marched. They waited the order of
the Ever-living by the hand of
Moses.
(Tljc (Drucr to mnkc (Gonao.
10 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses commanding ; —
2 ' ' Make two silver gongs for yourself.
Make them concave, and use them to
call the Parliament, and to prepare
3 the camp for marching, so that when
you beat them all the Parliament will
know how to come to you at the door
4 of the Hall of .Assembly. And if you
beat one of them the generals and
colonels of the regiments of Israel,
5 will know to come to you. When you
beat an Arise, then the divisions of
the camp on the east shall march.
6 " When you beat the Arise, a
second time, the divisions of the
camp on the south shall march.
They shall prepare to march at the
. Arise.
7 " But at the call for a Meeting
you shall blow a trumpet, not sound
an Arise. The sons of Aaron, the 8
priest, shall beat the gongs, and this
shall be a perpetual institution for
your posterity.
" And when you go to war in your 9
land, to distress those who distress
you, terrify them with the gongs, and
remember the presence of your Ever-
living God, and He will encourage
you against your enemies.
" Also in the days of your festivals, 10
and in your assemblies, and on the
first of the months, beat the gongs
with your burnt-offerings, and with
your thank-offerings, and they shall
be reminders for you before your
God ; I am the Ever-living God."
(Tljr Jfirst iRardj from ^htni in
ittnrttrtl Array.
It occurred in the second year, in 11
the twelfth month, that the cloud
arose from off the Tent of Witnesses ;
so the children of Israel marched 12
from the Wilderness of Sinai, and the
cloud settled on the Wilderness of
Paran. They also marched in divisions 13
by the order of the Ever-living,
under the control of Moses.
The standard of the sons of Judah 14
marched in divisions as an army, and
Nakhshon the son of Aminadab was
over that arm}-.
And Nathaniel the son of Tzoar 15
was over the army of the tribe of the
sons of Issakar ;
And Aliab the son of Khelon 16
was over the army of the sons of
Zebulon ;
Then the sons of Ghershon and the 17
sons of Merari having taken down the
Tabernacle marched, carrying the
Tabernacle.
Then the standard of the tribe of 18
Reuben marched with their army,
and Aliazer the son of Shadiaur was
over it.
And Shelumial the son of Tzori- 19
shadai was over the army of the tribe
of Simeon.
And Aliasaf the son of Daual was 20
over the army of the tribe of the sons
of Gad.
Then the Kahathites marched carry- 2 1
ing the sanctuary, and they erected
the Tabernacle after the advance.
Then the standard of the camp of 22
the sons of Ephraim marched with
their army, and Alishamah the son of
Amihud was over that army.
And Gamalial the son of Phidatzhur 23
138
l6-24
NUMBERS.
11 17
was over the army of the tribe of the
sons of Manasseh.
24 And over the army of the tribe of
the sons of Benjamin was Abidan the
son of Gidoni.
25 Then marched the standard of the
camp of the sons of Dan, by regiments,
with all the troops of their army, and
Akhazer the son of Amishaddi was
over that army.
26 And Phanuel the son of Akhan was
over the army of the tribe of Asher.
27 And Akhira the son of Ainan was
overthearmyof the sonsof Naphthali.
28 Thus the children of Israel
marched ; — they marched by their
armies.
ilttfGfG tuuiUs his 3f atljrr-tn- 4t nlu
to join Israel.
29 Moses, however, spoke to Rauel
the Midianite, the father-in-law of
Moses, "March with us to the place
that the Ever-living said to us, I
will give it to you. March with us,
and we will benefit you ; for the
Ever-living has promised good to
Israel."
30 But he replied to him, " I will not
go from my country and from my
children, with you."
31 But he answered, "Do not now
forsake us ; for you know the routes
of the desert, and you can be eyes for
32 us. And it shall be that if you will
go with us then when we receive the
success the Ever-living will obtain
for us, we will reward you."
33 So they marched from the Mount
of the Ever-living three days'
journey, and the Ark of the Covenant
of the Ever-living marched before
them, three days' journey, to guide
34 them to a halting place ; and the
cloud of the Ever-living was over
them by day, in their march from
35 the camp. And when they began
their march, Moses stood up and said,
" The Ever-living deliver you
from your enemies, and march before
36 your face supporting you." But
when they encamped, Moses said,
"Jehovah bring home the many
regiments of Israel."
11 But bad people murmured in the
ears of the Ever-living, — and the
LORD heard it, and was displeased,
so the LORD caused a fire to break
out amongst them, and it consumed
2 the rear of the camp ; so the people
called upon Moses, and Moses prayed
to the Ever-living, — and quenched
the fire. He therefore called the 3
name of that spot "The Burnings,"1
because the Lord there burnt them
with fire.
A iltutntu in tlje (ramp.
But the mixed people who were 4
amongst them, longed, and desired,
and wept. Some of the children of
Israel also did the same and said ;
"When shall we eat flesh? We 5
remember the fish that we ate in
Mitzer for nothing ; with the cucum-
bers, and the melons, and the lettuces,
and the onions, and the garlic ! But 6
now our souls are sick ! There is
nothing but this manna to look at ! " 2
Moses, however, heard the people 10
weeping, each family at the door of
their tent, and the Lord was very
angry ; and in the eyes of Moses it
was bad. Therefore Moses said to 11
the Ever-living, " Why have You
brought evil upon Your servant ? And
why have I not found favour in Your
eyes for You to remove the weight of
all this people from off me ? Have I 12
begotten all these people ? or have
I brought them forth, that You should
say to me carry them in your lap, as
a mother carries in her lap, because
as a woman I have sworn to feed
them ? I have no flesh to give to all 13
this nation ! who cry to me saying,
'Give us flesh that we may eat.' I
cannot feed them ! I cannot carry all 14
this nation ! They are too heavy for
me, and therefore do this to me; —
kill me, now, kill me, if I have found 15
favour in Your eyes! — that I may
not see myself torn to pieces ! "
But the Ever-living answered 16
Moses ; " Add to yourself the seventy
men from the rulers of Israel whom
you know to be able to rule the people
and to control them, and take them
with you to the Hall of Assembly,
and present them there with your-
self, and I will descend and speak 17
1 Thabarah.— F. F.
2 Verses 7 to 9 are evidently the note of an
old transcriber, so I place them at the foot,
as not being part of the original text.— F. F.
And the manna was like coriander seed, 7
and the look of it was like the appearance
of gum ! The people despised it, but they 8
gathered it and ground it in 'mills, or beat
it in mortars, and boiled it in pans, and
made their cakes of it, and its taste was
like the taste of pancakes. When the dew 9
fell upon the camp at night the manna
came down with it.
139
11
NUMBERS.
12—6
with you there, and will support you
with the spirit that is upon you, and
I will put it upon them, and they shall
carry, along with yourself, the load
of this nation, and you shall not carry
it alone.
18 " But as for this People, order
them to sanctify themselves for
to-morrow, and they shall eat flesh,
for the Ever-living has heard
their weeping, saying, ' Would that
we could eat meat, such as we
enjoyed among the Mitzeraim.'
Therefore the Ever-living will give
them flesh, and they can eat it.
19 They shall not eat it for one day
only, or for two days, or for five
days, or for ten days, or for twenty
20 days ; but for a month's time, — until
it is ejected from their mouth, and
the greedy loathe it, — because they
have turned away from the Ever-
LIVING, Who is in the midst of
them, and wept before Me saying,
' Why has He brought us from the
Mitzeraim ? ' "
21 But Moses replied, "There are
six hundred thousand of marching
men in the nation I am surrounded
by, — and you say supply them with
flesh meat, and let them eat it for a
22 month. If the sheep and cattle are
slaughtered for them, could they
obtain it ? If all the fish in this sea
were added to them, — could they
obtain it? "
23 The Ever - living, however,
answered Moses, "Is the hand of
Jehovah cut off? Now you shall
see whether My Word is honoured
or not ! "
24 Then Moses went out, and related
to the People all the words of the
Ever-living, and he selected seventy
from the rulers of the People, and
25 stationed them around the Hall, and
the Ever-living descended in the
cloud, and spoke with him and
strengthened him with the spirit
that was over him, and placed it
upon each of the seventy rulers, and
the spirit rested upon them and they
addressed the audience, and did not
26 fail. But two men separated them-
selves in the camp;— the name of
one was Aldad, and the name of the
other was Midad ; — but the spirit fell
upon them, for they were enrolled,
although they did not go to the
Assembly, and they addressed the
27 people in the camp. Therefore a
youth ran and reported it to Moses
and said, "Aldad and Midad are
addressing a meeting in the Camp ! "
So Joshua the son of Nun, the lieu- 28
tenant of Moses, went to enquire,
and then said "My Lord Moses,
restrain them."
Moses, however, replied to him, 29
"You displease me! for I wish the
Ever-living would make all the
People orators. I wish the Ever-
living would lay His spirit upon
them."
So Moses and the rulers of Israel 30
remained in camp, and a wind came 31
from the Ever-living and brought
up quails from the sea, and they
were scattered over the camp for a
day's journey on this side, as far as a
day's journey on the other side, all
round the camp, and were heaped
on the surface of the ground.
Then the people arose all that day 32
and all that night, and all the next
day to collect the quails, and the
smallest collection was ten bags, and
they spread them all about the camp.
The flesh was still between their 33
teeth unconsumed when the anger of
the Lord burnt against the People,
and the Lord struck them with a
very great stroke, so they called the 34
name of that spot the "Graves of
Greed"1 for they buried there the
people who were greedy. Then the 35
people marched from the Graves of
Greed to the Greenfields, and stayed
at those fields. -
iitirinm anti Aarnu quarrel luitlj
iltoatG abet Ijto iRarriajjr.
Then Miriam and Aaron quarrelled 12
with Moses about the Kushite woman
whom he had taken, for Moses had
married a Kushite, so they asked 2
" Has the Ever-living spoken only
with Moses ? Has He not also
spoken to us?" And the Ever-
living heard it. But the man Moses 3
was very gentle, more so than any
man on the face of the earth.
Then the Ever-living spoke sud- 4
denly to Moses, and to Aaron, and to
Miriam, "Go all three of you to the
Hall of Assembly."
So all three went, and Jehovah 5
descended in the form of the cloud
and stood at the door of the Hall,
and called Aaron and Miriam. Both
of them accordingly went. When He 6
1 Kibroth Hathavah.— F. F.
- Katzeroth, in Hebrew. — F. F.
140
12—7
NUMBERS.
13-23
said to them, " Listen now to My
words. If you are prophets of the
Ever-living look at Me. When I
speak to you, it is a revelation in
7 your dreams. It is not the same as
with My servant Moses ; — he is faith-
8 ful in all My House. I speak face to
face with him, and in visions, and he
has not to seek the Ever-living in
enigmas and parables. Then why
have you not regarded the message
9 of My servant Moses ? " And the
anger of the Ever-living burnt at
them, and He departed.
io Then the cloud turned from above
the Hall, and Miriam had become a
leper as white as snow ; and Aaron
recoiled from Miriam now she was a
ii leper, and Aaron said to Moses,
" Pray to the Almighty so that He
may not lay upon us the sin which
we attempted, and that we have com-
12 mitted. Let her not be like what
comes dead from its mother's womb,
— with half of its flesh consumed ! "
13 Therefore Moses cried to the Ever-
living, saying, " I pray God to cure
her now."
14 And the Ever-living replied ;
" If her father had spit in her face
would she not be disgraced for seven
days ? Let her be isolated for seven
days outside the camp ; and after-
wards she may return."
15 Miriam was therefore isolated out-
side the camp for seven days, and
the people did not march until the
16 return of Miriam, but the people |
marched afterwards, from the Green-
fields,1 and encamped in the Wilder-
ness of Paran.
A ^itrlirn ox QTanttn tfrforeir.
13 Then the Ever-living spoke to
Moses, commanding ;
2 " Send men and let them survey
the land of Canan, which I will give
to the children of Israel. You shall
send a man from each tribe of their
fathers, — all of them nobles."
3 Moses consequently sent them
from the Wilderness of Paran by
command of the Ever-living. All
were nobles, chiefs of the children of
4 Israel, and their names were these : —
Of the tribe of Reuben, Shamna
the son of Yikri ;
5 Of the tribe of Simeon, Shafat
the son of Khori ;
1 Katzeroth, in Hebrew.— F. F.
Of the tribe of Judah, Kaleb the 6
son of Jephunah ;
Of the tribe of Issakar, Izal the 7
son of Joseph ;
Of the tribe of Ephraim, Hoshea 8
the son of Nun ;
Of the tribe of Benjamin, Phalat 9
the son of Rafna ;
Of the tribe of Zebulon, Gadial the 10
son of Sodi :
Of the tribe of Joseph — the tribe of 1 1
Manasseh, Gadi the son of Susi ;
Of the tribe of Dan, Amiel the son 12
of Gamali ;
Of the tribe of Assher, Sethor the 13
son of Mikal ;
Of the tribe of Naphthali, Xahbi 14
the son of Wafsi ;
Of the tribe of Gad, Ganal the son 15
of Makri ;
These were the names of the nobles 16
whom Moses sent to survey the land,
and Moses surnamed Hoshea the son
of Nun, Joshua.1
ilrtstntctiorts to the ^pits.
Moses then sent them to survey 17
the land of Canan, and instructed
them; "Go up from the south, and
ascend to the hills and examine the 18
land, what it is ; and what its people
are who inhabit it. Their strength,
their weakness ; — if they are few or
many. And what kind of country it 19
is they live in, whether it is good or
bad ; and what kind of cities they
inhabit ; with their camps and fort-
resses. Also examine the fertility of 20
the land ; if it is watered ; if there
are trees in it or not ; and their size ;
you must also collect some of the
fruit of the country, for it is the time
of grape harvest."
They therefore went up, to survey 21
the' country from the Wilderness
of Tzin to the plain that extends to
Khamath.
Thus they ascended from the south 22
as far as Hebron, where resided Akhi-
man, Shashai, and Thalmai, three
children of Anak.2 So they only 23
went as far as the brook Eshkol,
and decided to cut off a single
branch of grapes from there, and
carried it on a yoke between two.
1 The Saviour, or Victor.— F. F.
■■!■ The parenthesis, v. 22, is apparently an
editorial note, not part of the text of Moses.
— F. F.
" (Hebron was built seven years before
Zoan in Mitzer— ) " — F. F,
13-24
NUMBERS.
14-i!
They also took pomegranates, and
24 figs ; therefore they named that spot
the Brook of Grapes on account
of the grapes which they cut from
there for the sons of Israel.
25 There they turned back from sur-
veying the country at the end of forty
26 days, and marched and came to Moses
and Aaron, and all the chiefs of the
children of Israel, in the Wilderness of
Paran, at Kadish, and reported the
matter to them and all the Council,
and showed the fruit of the country,
27 and continued, and said ; —
import of tljc §>jnes.
"We have been to the country to
which you sent us, and it is indeed
flowing with milk and honey, and
28 this is its produce ; however, the
people who inhabit the country are
strong, and their cities are very great
fortresses, and we saw the sons of
29 Anak there ! Amalek inhabits the
south country, and the Hitites, and
the Jebusites, and the Amorites in-
habit the hills, and the Cananites
inhabit along the sea, and alongside
the Jordan."
30 But Kaleb had been silent before
the people and Moses. Now he said ;
" Ascending let us go up and conquer
them, for we are able to do it ! "
31 But the princes who went up with
him replied; "We are not able to
overpower those people, for they are
32 stronger than us ! " And they brought
reports to the Children of Israel
about the country they had surveyed,
saying ; " The country that we
travelled over to examine it, is a
country that devours its inhabitants ;
and all the people whom we saw were
33 tall men ; and we saw the Nephilim
there, sons of Anak, more than
giants, and we were in our own eyes
like locusts, — and we were like gnats
in theirs ! "
14 Then all the Council arose and
gave out their votes. The people
also wept in that night ; and
2 all the children of Israel com-
plained against Moses and against
Aaron. And all the Council asked ;
" Which was better for us ? to die in
the land of the Mitzeraim, or for us
3 to die here in this desert ? And why
did the Ever-living bring us to this
country to fall by the sword ? Our
wives and our children will be
plunder. Is it not better for us to
return to Mitzer ?"
Then every man said to his brother, 4
" Let us choose a leader and return
to the Mitzeraim."
But Moses and Aaron fell on their 5
faces before all the chiefs of the
children of Israel, and Joshua the 6
son of Nun, and Kaleb the son of
Jephunah, who had surveyed the
country tore their garments, and 7
addressed all the chiefs of the chil-
dren of Israel and said ; — -
" The country that we travelled
over to survey it, is a very, very good
land. If the Ever-living is pleased 8
with us, and goes with us to this
country, He can give us this land
which flows with milk and honey.
Rebel not against the EVER-LIV- 9
ing! and fear not the people of the
country, for we can devour them,
throwing a shadow over them. Since
the Lord is with us, fear them not ! "
All the Council threatened, how- 10
ever, to murder them with stones ;
but the Glory of the Ever-living
appeared in the Hall of Assembly to
all the children of Israel.
Then Jehovah said to Moses, 11
" How long shall I be despised by
this people ? How long will they not
trust to Me, in spite of all the won-
ders I have effected for them? I 12
could strike them with a word and
destroy them, and could make from
yourself a nation mightier than they."
Moses, however, said to the Ever- 13
living, " But when the Mitzerites
hear of it, from the midst of whom
You brought up this people by Your
Might, and the inhabitants of this 14
country hear, who have heard that
Jehovah is in the midst of this
People, — who eye to eye have seen
You are the Ever-living, — and
Your cloud has stood over them, —
and with a perpetual cloud You have
marched before them by day, and
with a perpetual fire by night, — that 15
You have killed this People as a
single man, — then the heathen, who
have heard this report of You, will
say ; ' Because Jehovah was not able 16
to bring this People to the country
that He swore to them, He has slain
them in the desert ! ' Consequently, 17
now, O ! Ever-living, increase
Your mercy, as You promised, say-
ing, ' I am the Ever-living, slow iS
to anger, and of great mercy ; for-
bearing towards passion and sin ;
and not destroying the helpless ;
punishing the fault of the fathers
142
14-ig
NUMBERS.
15 — 2
upon their children to the third and
19 the fourth generation.' Forgive,
now, the passion of this people ; — for
Your Mercy is great, and as You have
endured these people from Mitzer
until now."
20 Then the Ever-lining replied,
" I will forgive, as you request; — for
21 I Live for Ever, and the Majesty
of the Ever-livixg will fill the
22 whole earth. However all the men
who have seen My Majesty, and the
wonders that I effected amongst the
Mitzeraim, and in the Wilderness, —
yet have revolted from Me these ten
times and not listened to My Voice,
23 — the>T shall not see the land which I
promised to their fathers, — that is,
all who despised Me, shall not see
24 it. But I except My servant Kaleb.
His spirit was steadfast in him, and
he was perfect after Me, therefore he
shall arrive at the country where he
went and his posterity shall inherit it."
(The Israelites lletreat.
25 However, as the Amalekites and
the Cananites occupied the valley,
on the next day they turned face and
retreated from them towards the
Wilderness leading to the Sea of Suf. x
^Junisljinntt for the Keuolt
iHMtointrcu.
26 There Jehovah spoke to Moses
and Aaron, saying; —
27 " For how long shall I hear the
complaints of this vile mob com-
plaining against Me ? These com-
plaints of the children of Israel that
28 they murmur against Me ? Say to
them, 'As I live, says Jehovah,
according to their demand to My
29 ears, I will do to them ! In this
desert their corpses shall fall with
all their officers and rulers, from the
age of twenty years and upwards,
30 who complained against Me. They
shall not arrive at the country that I
raised My hand to lead them into, —
except Kaleb the son of Jephunah,
31 and Joshua the son of Nun. But
their children which they said would
be enslaved, I will bring in, and
they shall see the country which you
32 despised ; but your corpses shall fall
33 in this desert, and your sons shall be
1 Red Sea: literally "The Sea of Weeds "
Not the main sea, but only the shallows at
the head of use Gulf of Suez, as the whole
Jaistorv seems to jiidicate. — F. F.
scattered in the desert forty years, for
you shall carry your whoredom until
your bodies sink in the desert. By 34
the number of the days when you
should have been examining the
country, — forty days, — a year for a
day, a year for a day, you shall carry
your crimes, — forty years. Thus shall
you recognize your rebellion. I, the 35
Ever-living, have declared I will do
this, to all this vile mob, who revolted
against Me in this desert. — They shall
perish there. — They shall die ! And 36
the men whom Moses sent to spy
the country, and who returned and
complained about it, the whole of that
band shall become dung upon the
earth ! Those men shall die who 37
reported bad of the land, to fight
against the Ever-living. Yet Joshua 38
the son of Nun, and Kaleb the son of
Jephunah, shall live from amongthose
who went to survey the country.' "
She Israelites ucmano ft 15 attic, hut
tlje Amalekites uefcat Israel.
And Moses repeated these words 39
to all the children of Israel, and the
People mourned greatly. At the 40
morning, however, they arose to go
up to the top of the hill, crying,
" Here we are ! Let us go up to the
place which the Ever-living said,
— for we have sinned."
But Moses replied, " What is this ? 41
You transgress the command of
Jehovah, — and He is not pleased.
You shall not go up ; — for the Ever- 42
living is not with you, so you will
be defeated before your enemies, for 43
the Amalekites and Cananites are
before you, and they will defeat you
by the sword, because you have
deserted from the Ever-living, and
Jehovah is not with you."
They, however, arrogantly ascended 44
to the'top of the hill ; but "the Ark of
the Covenant of the Ever-living
and Moses did not move from the
camp. — So the Amalekites and the 45
Cananites who were encamped upon
the hill, charged down and repulsed
them, and pursued them as far as the
valley.
(Tin: Itaius of Sacrifices ant)
(Offerings.
Afterwards the Ever-living spoke 15
to Moses commanding; —
" Speak to the children of Israel 2
and say to them ;
143
15-3
NUMBERS.
15-35
" ' When you come to your perma-
nent country which I will give to you,
3 and you make a gift to the Ever-
living, — a burnt-offering, or a sacri-
fice to fulfil a vow, or a free-will offer-
ing, or in your festivals to make a
pleasant breath to the Ever-living
4 with an ox or a sheep, then approach-
ing, present as your gift to the Ever-
living as a food-offering, a tenth of
fine flour mixed with the fourth of a hin
5 of oil, and of wine for a drink-offering
you shall offer the fourth of a hin,
with the burnt-offering, or the sacri-
6 fice of a single lamb. Or with a ram,
you shall offer as a food-offering a
twelfth of fine flour mixed with the
7 third of a hin of oil, and the third
part of a hin of wine for a drink-
offering, presented as a pleasing
breath to the Lord.
8 " ' And when you offer a bullock as
a burnt-offering, or a sacrifice to
fulfil a vow, or as a thank-offering to
9 the Ever-living, you shall offer
with the bullock, as a food-offering,
three tenths of fine flour mixed with
io half a hin of oil ; and as a drink-
offering, present half a hin of wine
as a gift of pleasant breath to
Jehovah.
ii "'And the same shall be done
with each ox, each ram, each lamb
12 of the sheep, or goats. According to
the number which are offered, this
shall be done, with each one of the
13 number. Make every presentation
in the same way as these, to offer a
pleasing breath to the Ever-living.
14 And whatever stranger resides with
you, or is settled among your pos-
terity, when he makes an offering of
a pleasing breath to the EVER-LIVING,
15 he shall do the same as you do. It
is a common Institution alike for you
and the foreigner who resides with
you. It is a perpetual Institution for
your posterity, both for you and the
16 foreigner before Jehovah. There
shall be one law, and one rule for
yourselves and for the foreigners
residing with you.' "
|Eaiu of 4tirtrUtst-lj0m£ (Offcrntos.
17 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses commanding ; —
18 " Speak to the children of Israel
and say to them ; ' When you arrive
at the country where I will bring you,
19 and eat of the bread of the land, you
shall lift it up before the Ever-
20 LIVING You shall lift up the first
j cake from the dough the same as you
hold up of your grain ; — so shall you
I hold it up. You must give the first 21
I of your grindingsto the Ever-living
j as a lift-offering from your produce.
(Offerings for llational .^ins.
" ' But if you wander from, and do 22
not practise all these commands
which Jehovah has dictated to
Moses; all that the Ever-living 23
has commanded to you by the medium
of Moses, from the day when the
Lord commanded them, to your
furthest posterity ; or if your Parlia- 24
ment should inadvertently commit
an error, then all your Parliament
shall offer a bull from the herd as a
j burnt-offering, for a pleasant breath
: to the EVER-LIVING; with its food-
offering and drink-offering, asdecreed,
and a ram of the goats for a sin-
offering ; and the priest shall expiate 25
for all the Parliament of the children
of Israel, and forgive them their fault,
when they bring the offering to present
' to Jehovah, and make a sin-offering
; for their fault. 26
(Offerings for personal Jfauits.
" ' But if an individual commits a 27
fault, then he shall present a she-
i goat of a year old as a sin-offering;
and the priest shall expiate for that 28
] person for the fault he has inadver-
tently committed, before the Ever-
living. He shall expiate for it, and
shall pardon him for it. There is 29
one law for the native of the children
of Israel, and for the foreigners
among them, for you to observe
regarding faultiness. But the person 30
who acts with a wicked hand, whether
a native or a foreigner, in contempt of
the Ever-living, — that person shall
be excommunicated from among his
people. For he has despised the 31
command of the Lord and broken
His decree, by his sin.' "
(Tip: Itnlu of ^anfrath-oreaking.
While the children of Israel were 32
in the Wilderness, they found a man
collecting sticks on the Sabbath day,
and those who found him gathering 33
sticks presented him to Moses and
Aaron and to all the Parliament, who 34
put him under guard, for they could
not decide what to do with him. But 35
the Ever-living said to Moses ;—
"The man must die! Let all the
144
15-36
NUMBERS.
I6—24
Assembly kill him with stones out-
side the camp.''
36 The whole Assembly, therefore, took
him outside the camp and killed him
with stones ; — so he died as the Ever-
living had commanded to Moses.
Ism*! orflr-rro to make Jfriugea.
37 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses, commanding; —
38 " Speak to the children of Israel
and say to them ; Make fringes upon
the borders of your clothing always,
and place above the fringes cords of
39 purple, so that the fringes may be
like flowers for you to remember the
commands of the Ever-living by,
and to practise them, and that you
may not wander after your hearts,
and after your eyes, as you have wan-
40 dered after them, but, instead, that
you may remember and practise all
My commands, and live holily to your
41 God. I am your Ever-living God,
Who brought you from the land of the
Mitzeraim to be your GOD. I am the
Ever-living God."
®Ij2 Ueimlt of lUarah.
16 Korah,the son of Itzhar, the son of
Kahath, the descendant of Levi, and
Dathan and Abiram, sons of Aliab, and
Ann, the son of Pelath, the son of
2 Reuben, conspired and stood up to
resist Moses, with a hundred and
fifty others of the princes of the
Parliament of the children of Israel,
3 titled nobles of the nation ; and they
addressed Moses and Aaron and said
to them ;
"You assume too much to your-
selves ; — for all the Parliament, all
of them, are sacred, and the Ever-
LIVING is among them."
4 When Moses heard it, he bowed his
5 head, and spoke to Korah and all his
band, saying;
" In the morning Jehovah will
make known who are His, and sacred ;
and who are to approach to Him, and
whom He has chosen to approach to
6 Himself. Let Korah and all his band
7 take bowls for themselves, and put
fire and sweet incense into them, and
the men whom Jehovah chooses
shall be the Sacred. You are pre-
8 sumptuous, sons of Levi." And Moses
continued to Korah, " Listen, now,
9 sons of Levi. Was it too little for
you that the God of Israel appointed
you from among the families of Israel,
to approach to Him, to perform the
P.
j services of the sanctuary of the Ever-
LIVING, and to stand before the
congregation to minister, and in- 10
I eluded you and all your brothers with
you, — but would you demand the
Priesthood also ? However, you, and 11
all your associates, station yourselves
before the Ever-living together
with Aaron. — What is he that you
should murmur against him ? "
Then Moses sent to summons 12
Dathan and Abiram, the sons of
Aliab, but they would not come, but
; replied —
" We will not come ! Is it nothing 13
that you have brought us up out of a
land flowing with milk and honey to
I kill us in this desert, — that you would
dominate over us as a tyrant ? You 14
have brought us to no land flowing
with milk and honey ! nor given us
farms and vineyards to possess !
I Would you dig out the eyes of these
men ? We will not come ! "
Moses was very angry at this and 15
said to Jehovah ; " I have not taken
as a gift even an ass from them, and
, I have not wronged one of them."
Then Moses said to Korah, " Let 16
you and all your associates come
before the Ever-living, — you, and
they, and Aaron to-morrow ; and let 1 7
each take a censer and put on it
I incense, and present it before the
Ever-living,— each of the hundred
and fifty, a censer ; and you and
Aaron, each a censer."
So each took his censer; and they 18
put fire in their censers, and offered
incense upon it, and stationed them-
selves at the door of the Hall of
Assembly, with Moses and Aaron.
Korah also collected all his asso- 19
ciates with himself at the door of the
Hall of Assembly, and the Glory of
the Ever-living appeared to all the
congregation.
But the Ever-living spoke to 20
Moses and to Aaron saying, "You
shall be magnified in the midst of this
Assembly, — but I wil consume them 21
with might ! "
They however fell upon their faces 22
and said, " God, the God giving life
to all flesh ! one man only has sinned,
— and will you be angry with all the
Parliament ? "
Destruction ai iliorah. gathau. ana
Abiram.
Then the Ever-living spoke 23
to Moses saying ; " Speak to the 24
45 L
16—25
NUMBERS.
17—iS
Parliament and command them to run
out from around the tents of Korah,
Dathan, and Abiram."
25 Moses therefore arose, and went to
Dathan and Abiram, and the Judges
26 of Israel went after him, and they
spoke to the Parliament saving ;
" Remove from the halls of "these
depraved men, and touch nothing
belonging to them, for fear you should
27 share in their sin." Consequently
they came away from the tents of
Dathan and Abiram ; but Dathan and
Abiram came and stood at the opening
of their tents, with their wives and
28 children, and infants. Then Moses
spoke and said ; —
" You shall learn by this whether
Jehovah has sent me to do all these
things ; for I have not done them by
29 myself; — if these die as all men die,
and the fate of all men falls upon
them, then the Ever-living has not
30 sent me. But if Jehovah prepares
it, and the earth opens her mouth
and swallows them, and all who are
with them, and they go down alive to
the grave, — then you will know that
the Ever-living has rejected these
men."
31 And it occurred that as he finished
speaking these words, the ground
32 split under them, and the earth
opened her mouth and swallowed
them and their homes, and all the
men who were with Korah, and all
33 their wealth ; and they, and all who
were with them, rushed down alive
into the grave, and the earth closed
over them, and they perished in the
34 midst of the public. Then all Israel
who were around them fled with a
shriek; for they said, "The earth
35 may swallow us also." Fire also
came out from Jehovah and con-
sumed the hundred and fifty men as
they offered incense.
17 The Ever-living then spoke to
2 Moses saying; "Command Aliazar
the son of Aaron the priest, to collect
the censers from among the burnt
people, and the fire, for they are
sacred.
3 "The censers of these sinners are
for their lives, and you shall make of
them thin spread plates for the altar,
for they have been presented before
the Ever-living and are sacred, and
they shall be warnings to the children
4 of Israel." (Aliazar, the priest, sub-
sequently took the censers of brass
which the burnt persons presented,
and made plates of them for the
altar.) " And the children of Israel 5
shall remember the reason why a
strange man, who is not of the family
of Aaron, may not approach to offer
incense before the Ever-living, so
that he may not be like Korah ; and
that they may know that JEHOVAH
has spoken by the medium of Moses."
(The jparlianteni anD the <f roluD
iRutnty.
But all the Parliament of the chil- 6
dren of Israel murmured against
Moses and Aaron next day, exclaim-
ing ; — "You have killed the People
of the Ever-living ! "
But when the Parliament collected 7
against Moses and Aaron, they re-
treated to the Hall of Assembly, and
then the cloud descended, and the
Glory of the Ever-living appeared,
so Moses and Aaron came into the S
front of the Hall of Assembly, and 9
Jehovah spoke to Moses, saying ; —
" Rise up from the midst of this 10
crowd and I will consume them with
might."
But they fell on their faces and 1 1
Moses said to Aaron, "Take you a
censer, and put fire into it from off
the altar, and place incense, and go
quickly and make an expiation for
them, because anger is coming from
the Ever-living to strike the
profane."
So Aaron did as Moses commanded , 1 2
and rushed into the midst of the
meeting, where the stroke of destruc-
tion was on the People, and offered
incense and expiated for the nation,
and stood between the living and the 13
dead ; — and the stroke was arrested.
But the dead from the stroke were 14
fourteen thousand seven hundred,
besides those who died over the affair
of Korah. Then Aaron returned to 15
Moses to the opening of the Hall of
Assembly, and the stroke was arrested.
(Tribal ^tabes orbereb to he taken
a hi an.
The Ever-living also spoke to 16
Moses, commanding ;—
" Speak to the children of Israel 17
and take the staves from each of
their tribes. The staff from each
ancestral house ; from each chief of
an ancestral house. — Twelve staves ;
and record the name of each upon
his staff. And record the name of 18
146
17—19
NUMBERS.
I8-13
Aaron upon the staff of the tribe of
Levi. Thus there shall be a staff
from the head of each ancestral
19 house ; and place them in the Hall
of Assembly with the Witnesses as
20 an evidence for them there. And
the staff of the man I may choose
shall blossom. Thus I will exclude
the complaints of the children of
Israel from Me."
2 1 Moses accordingly spoke to the chil-
dren of Israel, and each of the princes
gave him their staff, — each prince a
staff, — each prince of an ancestral
house of the twelve tribes. But the
staff of Aaron was placed in the
middle of the other staves.
22 Afterwards Moses presented the
staves before the presence of the
Ever-living in the Hall of Assembly.
23 And when Moses came next day to
the Tabernacle of the Witnesses, the
staff of Aaron had budded and blos-
somed for the House of Levi ! Buds
had also come out, and borne flowers,
24 and ripened into almonds. Moses
therefore brought out all the staves
from thepresence of the Ever-living
to all the children of Israel, and they
examined them, each man taking his
own staff!
25 Then the EVER-LIVING said to
Moses, " Return the staff of Aaron to
the presence of the Witnesses, to keep
it as an evidence to the Sons of Dis-
obedience, and let them stop their
complaints against Me, that they may
not die."
26 Moses consequently did as the
Ever-living commanded him. He
did it.
©Ijr ^Jeoulr Derree Qeatlj to all iuljo
attempt to rutfr the Sanctuary.
27 The children of Israel after that
spoke to Moses saying ; — ■" We per-
ceive that we shall expire ; we shall
perish, all of us will perish. Let all
who approach to the sanctuary of
the Ever-living be killed, so that
we may not all expire."
18 Then the Ever-living com-
manded Aaron " You and your sons,
and the house of your father with
you, shall carry the spirit of conse-
cration ; and you and your sons with
you shall carry the ' spirit of the
2 priesthood, and your brothers of the
tribe of Levi, of the standard of your
father, shall also approach with you
and attend upon you, and guard you,
and your sons with you, before the
Tabernacle of the Witnesses. And 3
they shall guard you, and guard all
the Hall, together with the sacred
furniture. But they shall not ap-
proach to the altar, for fear they, as
well as you, should die; but they 4
shall attend upon you and guard in
watches the Hall of Assembly and
all the services of the Hall, and a
foreigner shall not approach with
them. By them also the holy things 5
shall be guarded, and the altar be
guarded so that anger may never
come upon the children of Israel.
For I have taken to Myself your 6
brothers of Levi from among the
children of Israel, to give them as
gifts to the Ever-living, to perform
the services of the Hall of Assembly.
But you and your sons with you 7
shall guard the priesthood, and all
the matters of the altar, and of the
House of the Veils, and perform the
services prescribed for the priest-
hood. And the stranger who ap-
proaches shall die."
Confirmation of Qrnuoiumntts for tlje
^jrirstljoou.
The Ever-living also said to s
Aaron " And I, see, I have given to
you the guardianship of My High
Things, and of all the sacred things
of the children of Israel; —I have
given them to you and to your sons
to consecrate, and to preserve for
ever.
"These shall be yours from the 9
sacred offerings ; — all the gifts offered
by fire ; all food-offerings, and sin-
offerings ; and all the presents which
they make to Me. They are conse-
crated strictly to you, and to your
sons. You shall eat them in the 10
sanctuary. Every male may eat of
them with you. They shall be sacred
to you. You shall also take some- 11
thing from all the wave-offerings of
the children of Israel for yourself and
your sons, and for your daughters
with you, as a perpetual Institution.
All the clean in your house may eat
of them.
" All the melted fat, and the best of 12
the vintage, and the first of the corn
which they present to the Ever-
living are given to you. The first 13
fruits of all that their land produces
which they bring to the Ever-living,
shall be yours. All who are clean in
147 L 2
18-i.
NUMBERS.
19-6
14 your houses may eat of them. Every
convict in Israel shall be yours.
15 Every thing bursting the womb of
any species which they offer to the
Ever-living, whether of man or
beast, shall be yours ; but you must
set free for a ransom the firstborn of
man, and the firstborn of cattle you
16 shall free for a sin-offering ; and they
shall be ransomed at a month old, at
a valuation of five shekels of silver by
the sacred shekel.1
17 " You shall not, however, ransom
the firstborn of a cow, or the firstborn
of a sheep, or the firstborn of a goat,
they are sacred ; their blood is to be
poured out on the altar, and their fat
is to be burnt as an offering of
pleasant perfume to the Ever-
18 living. But of their flesh, the
breast shall be yours, for waving it,
19 and the right leg shall be yours. All
the exalted offerings of the sanc-
tuaries, which the children of Israel
lift up to the Ever-living, I give to
you, and to your sons with you, as a
perpetual Institution. It is a cove-
nant of salt forever before the Ever-
LIVING 'for you and your posterity
after you."
(Fnooromertts of the ilntional (f hurrh.
20 The Ever-living also said to
Aaron, " You shall have no posses-
sion in the land, and there shall be
no portion for you in it. I am your
portion and inheritance among the
children of Israel.
21 " But to the sons of Levi I give all
the tithe of Israel for an inheritance,
in payment for the work they perform
in the services of the Hall of As-
22 sembly, and if ever the children of
Israel offer a sacrifice in the Hall of
Assembly, they shall bear the sin to
23 death ; because the work of Levi is
in the Hall of Assembly, and they
shall bear its burden, as a perpetual
Institution, for your posterity. There-
fore they have no inheritance among
24 the children of Israel, for the tithes
of the children of Israel which they
bring to lift up and present to the
Ever-living I give to the Levites
as an inheritance ; therefore I have
said to them, you shall hold no inherit-
ance among the children of Israel."
l Y. 16. "It is ten grains", is an ancient
editor's note. — F. F.
(The Duties of the "Ceuites.
The Ever-living also spoke to 25
Moses, commanding; —
" Speak to the Levites and say to
them,
" Since I have taken you from the 26
children of Israel, the tithe which I
have given to you from them as your
inheritance, — you shall present from
it as a present to the EVER-LIVING,
— a tenth of the tithe with which
they are tithed, for your account. 27
You shall also lift up some of the
grain from the corn, and a portion
from the grapes. Thus you shall 28
present presentations to the Ever-
living, from all the tithes which are
taken from the children of Israel ;
and give a part of those presentations
to the Ever-living, to Aaron the
Priest. From all the presentations 29
presented to the Ever-living, pre-
sent a part of all the best that is
consecrated for you.
"You shall therefore command 30
them, 1 when presenting the fat, to
account some of it as for the Levites,
like the offerings of corn, and the
offerings of grapes ; and they may eat 31
them in any of their villages, and
houses, as their wages on account of
their work in the Hall of Assembly,
and they will not be committing sin ^2
by taking away the fat, and the offer-
ings of the children of Israel. They
do no wrong, and they shall not die."
Che ilattottnl ^lU'riftre for ^ht.
The Ever-living also spoke to 19
Moses, commanding ; —
" The following is a constitutional 2
law which Jehovah commands, say-
ing ; — Command the children of Israel
to select for you a red heifer, perfect,
and who has not a spot upon her, which
has never been under a yoke. Let them 3
bring it to Aliazar the priest, and he
shall take her outside the camp and
slay her in their presence. Then 4
Aliazer the priest shall take some of
her blood on his finger, and sprinkle
the front of the Hall of Assembly
seven times with the blood, and burn 5
the heifer in their sight with its skin,
and flesh, and its dung. He shall
burn it to dissolution. Then the 6
priest shall take cedar and hyssop
" (It is ten grainr,) "
1 Y. 30. The "them" here clearly refers to
the Nation or Offerers, not to the Levites. If
this is not borne in mind the passage seems
contradictory. — F. F.
148
19—7
NUMBERS.
20—8
wood, and scarlet wool, and ashes
from among the cinders of" the heifer.
7 " The priest shall then change his
clothing, and wash his body with
water, and afterwards return into the
camp. But the priest shall be
8 unclean until the evening. Those
who burnt her also shall change their
clothes, and wash their bodies in
water, and be unclean until the
evening.
9 "Afterwards a clean man shall
remove the ashes of the heifer and
place them outside the camp in a
clean place, and they shall be as a
witness to the children of Israel to
keep themselves from the impurity
of sin.
io " Then the remover of the ashes of
the heifer shall strip off his clothes,
and be unclean until the evening.
(The jEafa fuituust (Contagion bw a
Corpse.
" This also shall be a perpetual
Institution to the children of Israel,
and to the foreigners who reside
ii among them, that whoever touches
the corpse of a man shall be unclean
12 for seven days. If he offers a sin-
offering on the third day, then he shall
be clean on the seventh day : but if he
does not offer a sin-offering on the
third day he shall not be clean on the
seventh.
13 " Whoever touches a corpse, — the
body of a man who died, — and does
not make a sin-offering at the sanc-
tuary of the Ever-Living, is defiled ;
and that person shall be excommuni-
cated from Israel, because he has not
washed the filth from off himself with
water ; he shall be unclean while the
impurity is on him.
£»anitani li'ahia about Ocatljs.
14 " These are the laws about persons
who have died in a dwelling. All who
come to the dwelling, and all who
are in the dwelling are unclean for
15 seven days. Every vessel, also, which
is open, unless there is a lid upon the
16 opening, is defiled. And whoever
touches a man killed in fight, or the
bones of a man, or killed accidentally,
17 shall be defiled for seven days. You
shall consequently take to the defiled
person some of the ashes of the fires
of sin-offerings, and put them on
18 living water, in a cup, and take
hyssop and dabble with the water the
man who is to be purified, and sprinkle
it upon the dwelling and over all
the furniture, and over all the persons
who may be there, and over the man
who has touched the bones, or the
slain, or the dead by accident, and 19
sprinkle the purification upon the
defiled at the third day, and upon the
seventh day, and make a sin-offering
for him upon the seventh clay, and
he shall change his clothes and bathe
in water, when he shall be purified
at evening. But the man who is 20
defiled, and does not offer a sin-
offering, that person shall be excluded
from the entry into the Holy Assembly
of the Ever-living. The defiled
not having washed his filth from off
him, is unclean. Therefore this shall 21
be a perpetual Institution to you ;
and for this reason the filthy shall
change their clothes, and who touches
anything filthy shall be unclean until
the evening ; and all that touches 22
him who is unclean, shall be unclean,
and the person he touches shall be
unclean until the evening."
ittsuxlj to tlje xffililtUu-ncGs of (T^nt.
All the congregation of the children 20
of Israel afterwards marched to the
Wilderness of Tzin, in the first month,
and settled in Kadesh. Now Miriam
died there, and they buried her there.
However water was deficient for the 2
nation, so they appealed to Moses 3
and Aaron, and the people disputed
with Moses, and, complaining, they
said ; — " Oh that expiring we could
die before the Lord ! And why has 4
the Lord brought the congregation
to this Wilderness, — we and our
cattle ? And why did He bring us up 5
from Mitzer to conduct us to this
vile place ? It is not a place of vege-
tables, and figs, and cucumbers, and
pomegranates ! and there is no water
to drink ! "
Moses and Aaron therefore went 6
before the crowd at the opening of
the Hall of Assembly, and fell on
their faces, and the Majesty of the
Ever-living appeared over them.
(The WSiaUvs of Strife: Wlater
brought from tlje Hack.
Then the Ever-living spoke to 7
Moses, commanding; —
" Take your staff, and convoke the 8
Parliament, — you and your brother
Aaron,— and command the rock in
149
20—g
NUMBERS.
21-3
their sight, and it will give them
water ; and bring out water for them
from the rock, and quench the thirst
of the people and their cattle."
9 Moses therefore took his staff from
the presence of the Ever-living, as
io he was commanded ; and Moses and
Aaron addressed the crowd before
the rock, and said to them;
"Listen now you rebels! out of
this very rock water shall come for
you."
ii Then Moses raised his hand, and
struck the rock with his staff twice,
and a rush of water came out, and
quenched the thirst of the people and
of their cattle.
1 2 But the Ever-living said to Moses
and Aaron ; — " Because you have not
been true to Me, to consecrate Me in
the sight of the children of Israel, —
you shall not bring this People into
the land which I will give them."
13 These were the Waters of Strife,1
— where the children of Israel strove
with the Ever-living. But He was
sanctified at them.
(Thr ill tit a. of (fuom asked to AUolu
Israel to ^.lass.
14 Moses afterwards sent messengers
from Kadesh to the Commander of
Edom, to say ; —
" Thus says your brother Israel,
you know all the labours that we have
15 met. How our fathers went down to
the Mitzeraim and resided in Mitzer
many days, and how the Mitzerites
16 ill-treated our fathers. But we ap-
pealed to the Ever-living and He
heard our voice, and sent a messenger,
and brought us from among the Mit-
zerites, and now we are at Kadesh a
village at the edge of your borders.
17 Let us now pass through your country.
We will not pass through farms and
vineyards. We will not drink of water
from the wells, but travel upon the
Travelling Highway. We will not
delay in our march nor extend to the
right or the left when we cross your
boundaries."
18 But Edom replied to him; "You
shall not pass through me,— or I will
advance with the sword, and fight
you."
19 Then Israel answered ; — " I will go
up by the mountain road, and if I
1 V. 13. Mei Meribah = " Waters of Strife."
-F. F.
drink water I will buy it, and I will
give a price for biscuits. Nothing
shall stick to my feet as I pass over."
But he replied ; " You shall not 20
pass through ! " And Edom came out
to fight with the People grievously,
and with a strong hand. Thus Edom 21
refused to give Israel a passage
through his boundaries. So Israel
turned away from them.
iftareh to the 4Jjin,hlaitus.
Then the children of Israel marched, 22
all the nation, to the peak of the
Highlands, where the Ever-living 23
said to Moses and Aaron in the High-
lands, on the borders of the land of
Edom ; —
Death of Aaron.
" Aaron shall be added to his people, 24
because he shall not arrive at the
land which I will give to the children
of Israel, because you did not exalt
My Presence at the Waters of Strife.
Take Aaron and his son Aliazar, and 25
ascend with them the Peak of the
Highlands, where Aaron shall take 26
off his robes, and you shall put them
upon Aliazar his son. And after-
wards Aaron shall die there."
Moses consequently did as the 27
Ever-living commanded, and as-
cended the Peak of the Highlands, in
the sight of all the People. Then 28
Moses stripped Aaron of his robes,
and clothed Aliazar his son with them,
and Aaron died there on the top of
the Peak. Then Moses and Aliazar
came down from the Peak.
And all the People saw the death 29
of Aaron, all the house of Israel ; so
they wept for Aaron thirty days.
(The (fannnitrs of Aratt attack
Israel.
When the Cananites of the kingdom 21
of Arad, who occupied the south,
heard that Israel was coming by the
road of the Atharim, they fought with
Israel, and took some of them prison-
ers. Then Israel waved a vow to the 2
Ever-living, and said ; —
" If you will give this people to my
hand, then I will destroy their towns."
And the Ever-living listened to 3
the voice of Israel, and gave them the
Cananites ; so they destroyed them
and their towns, and named the dis-
trict Destruction.
21-4
XIMBERS.
21-22
llrtrtat toluarus tljc %za of W&zebs.
4 Then they marched from the Peak
of the Highlands towards the Sea of
Weeds, and skirted the land of Edom,
but the retreat depressed the spirit
5 of the People, so the People spoke
against GOD, and against Moses, —
" Why have you brought us up from
the Mitzeraim to die in a desert,
where there is neither bread, nor
water, and our spirits depressed by
6 this vile food ? " The Lord there-
fore sent to the People inflammatory
serpents, who stung the People, and
a great number of the people of Israel
died.
7 Then the People came to Moses
and said, " We have sinned ; because
we have spoken against the Ever-
living and against you. Pray to
jEHOy.VH that He may send the ser-
pents away from us."
So Moses prayed on account of the
8 People. Then the Ever-living said
to Moses, " Make for yourself a Fiery
Serpent, and put it up as a standard,
— and it shall be that when anyone
is stung, he can look upon it and
live."
(The ^jra-jcn ^crprnt maur.
9 Then Moses made a serpent of
brass, and set it up as a standard,
and when anyone was stung by a
serpent and looked upon that serpent
of brass, he lived.
(The iHardj to Aboth attu Ant.
io The children of Israel afterwards
marched, and encamped in Aboth.
ii Then they marched to Ain-on-the-
fords, in the desert that is opposite
to Moab from the rising of the sun.
12 From there they marched and en-
13 camped at the brook of Arad. From
there they marched and encamped
at the ford of Anion which is in the
desert that extends as a boundary for
the Amorites; for the Arnon is the
boundary between Moab and the
14 Amorites. As it is said in "The
Book of the Wars of the Lord "
" He helped them from Soof to the
banks of the Arnon,
15 And the source of the brooks near
the dwellings of Ar ;
Which slope to the boundary of
Moab,
16 And from there to the Well."
This is the Well where the Ever-
living said to Moses, "Let the
people rest, and provide them water."
Then Israel sang this song, 17
^ong of tire (KiltU.
" Spring up Well to refresh us ; —
Dug by rejoicing princes ; 18
By the People's Chiefs and
"Ruler ;—
A refreshing gift in the Desert !
And a gift from the rivers of GOD, 19
From the rivers of God in the
hills.
From the heights it passed to the 20
valley ;
To Moab's plain from the Peak
of Pisgah,
And clothed the face of the
waste ! " 1
Ambassadors scut to ^iljon.
Then Israel sent ambassadors to 21
Sihon, king of the Amorites, saying; —
Utqiust to iHariij tljromjlj Ammoit.
" I wish to pass through your 22
country. I will not extend into the
farms and vineyards. I will not
drink water from the wells, and I will
march on the Traveller's Highway
1 Note upon verses 18 — 20. Part of v. 18 and
all verses 19, 20 are in A.V. . and R.V., trans-
lated as a description of marches, not as I do,
as a part of the " Song at the Well." But to
take those verses as geographical names is a
clear contradiction to the context, which
states that the Israelite army was on the
borders of Moab and the Amorites, waiting
for permission to pass over, not five marches
— 100 miles — from there ; as five marches in
Oriental reckoning would have been'. There-
fore I read them as a part of the song of
thanksgiving for finding the well after the long
waterless marches.
However, I here add the usual version of
the verses as translated in a jargon of
Hebrew and English, for those who prefer it.
A.V. Ch. xxi., v. iS (part of) to 20: "And
from the Wilderness they went to Mattanah :
and from Mattanah to Nahaliel : and from
Nahaliel to Bamoth : and from Bamoth in
the valley, that is in the country of Moab. to
the top of Pisgah, which looketh towards
Jeshimon."
To further prove that verses iS to 20 are
a part of the Song of the Well, and not a
series of geographical names, consult
Ch. xxxiii.. vv. 47—50, where in the Way-book
of the Marchings no mention is made of any
such places or journeys, as all former trans-
lators make the verses above seem to be.
— F. F.
21—23
NUMBERS.
22—12
only, until I have passed over your
boundaries."
^tljou Hefners ani tljr Amoritca
art Qcfrateir.
23 But Sihon would not allow Israel
to pass over his borders ; so Sihon
collected all his forces and advanced
to attack Israel in the desert. When
he arrived at Yatz, he fought with
24 Israel, but Israel defeated him by the
sword, and seized the country from
the Anion as far as the Jabok, from
the sons of Ammon, — for that is the
25 boundary of the Amorites. The
Israelites also captured all the cities
— Israel occupied all the villages of
the Amorites, — with Heshbon and all
its villages ; for Heshbon was the
26 capital of Sihon, the king of the
Amorites, for formerly he had a war
with the king of Moab, and took the
whole of his country from his posses-
27 sion as far as the Arnon. Therefore
the poets say ; —
" Bring straw to Heshbon,
And build a city for Sihon,
28 For a fire coming to Heshbon,
A flame from the palace of Sihon,
Shall burn up Ar of Moab,
Going up to the cliffs of Arnon !
29 Alas ! for you, Moab, the people
of Kemosh !
Your sons are given to flight,
And your girls as slaves to Sihon
the Amorite king ;
30 And the archers destroy from
Heshbon to Dibon,
And waste from Noph as far as
to Midba! "
31 Thus Israel occupied the country
of the Amorites.
Hfa-,cr Of an in ret).
32 Moses then sent infantry to Iazer,
who captured it and its villages, and
they drove out the Amorites who were
33 there. Then they turned and ascended
by the road from Heshbon, when Og,
king of Bashan advanced to attack
them, he and all his forces, in the
battle of Adrai.
34 But the Ever-living said to Moses;
— "Fear him not! For I will give
him into your hand, — him and all his
People, and his country ; and you
shall do to him as you did to Sihon,
king of the Amorites, who resided in
35 Heshbon." They consequently de-
feated him, and his sons, and all his
forces, until there was not a detach-
ment left to him, and they seized his
country.
Then the children of Israel marched 22
and encamped again at the fords of
Moab, at the ford of the Torrent,
opposite Jerikho.
galak senus for Ilalaam.
When Balak the son of Tziforsaw all 2
that Israel had done to the Amorites,
Moab was greatly terrified at the 3
presence of the People, — for they
were many, — and Moab was startled
at the sight of the children of Israel.
Therefore Moab said to the judges of 4
Midian, " Now this Crowd is licking
up all round about us, like a bullock
licks up the grass of the field ! " So
Balak the son of Tzifor, the king of
Moab, was terrified. Consequently 5
he sent ambassadors to Balaam the
son of Beor, of Pethor, which is by
the river of the land of the sons of
Amo, to invite him, saying ; —
(Tljr 4trttcr tn fSjalaam.
" A nation has come out from the
Mitzeraim and covers the face of the
country, and it occupies my borders.
So, now, I pray you to come and 6
curse this People for me, for it is
stronger than mine, so that I may be
able to defeat and drive it from the
country ; for I know that whoever
you bless is lucky, and whoever you
curse is unfortunate ! "
The princes of Moab consequently 7
went, with the princes ol Midian,
with presents in their hands, and
came to Balaam, and gave him the
message of Balak, and he replied, 8
" Stay here to-night, and I will return
to you the answer that the Ever-
living dictates to me." So the
princes of Moab stayed with Balaam.
But a Divine Messenger came to 9
Balaam and asked, "Who are these
men with you ? "
And Balaam replied, " Balak the 10
son of Tzifor, king of Moab, has sent
to me, ' There is a People that has 1 1
come from Mitzer and it covers the
face of the country. Now come, curse
it for me, so that I may be able to
fight with, and drive it away ! ' "
Then the Messenger replied to 12
Balaam, "You must not go with them,
nor curse this People — for it is
blessed."
152
22-13
NUMBERS.
22—3<S
13 Balaam therefore arose in the morn-
ing, and said to the princes of Balak,
" Return to your own country, for the
Ever-living refuses to allow me to
14 go with you ! " So the princes of
Moab arose and went to Balak, and
said, " Balaam refused to come with
us ! "
15 However Balak proceeded to send
again more princes, and of higher
16 rank than the former, and they came
to Balaam and said to him ; " Balak
the son of Tzifor says thus ; — ' Do not
17 refuse, I pray you, to come to me, for
I will honour you very greatly, and
whatever you demand of me I will
do ; only come, I entreat you, to curse
this People for me ! ' "
18 But Balaam replied and said ; "If
Balak would give to me his palace
full of silver and gold, I should not
be able to pass beyond the command
of the Ever-living God, to do little
19 or much. But yet rest yourselves, I
beg, here to-night, and I will learn
what the Ever-living may say again
to me."
20 A Divine Messenger then came to
Balaam at night and said to him, "If
these men invite you, arise, go with
them. But you shall execute the
command that I shall command
you ! "
21 Therefore Balaam arose at day-
break, and saddled his ass, and went
22 with the princes of Moab. But God
was angry because he went, and
placed a Messenger of the Ever-
living in the path to oppose him as
he rode on his ass, and the two youths
23 with him, and the ass saw the Mes-
senger of Jehovah stationed in the
path with a drawn sword in his hand ;
so the ass turned out of the path and
went on to the field. But Balaam
struck the ass to turn her into the
24 path. Then the Messenger of Je-
hovah placed himself in the hollow
path of a vineyard, with a wall on
25 both sides. But the ass saw the Mes-
senger of Jehovah and she pressed
against the wall, and squeezed the
leg of Balaam against the wall, and
26 refused to go forward. Then the Mes-
senger of Jehovah passed on, and
stationed himself in a narrow place
where there was no room to turn to
27 the right or to the left. But the ass
saw the Messenger of Jehovah, and
crouched down under Balaam. And
Balaam was furious, and struck the
28 ass with his stick. Then the Ever-
LIVING opened the mouth of the ass,
and she said to Balaam " What have
I done to you, that you have struck
me these three times ? "
But Balaam answered the ass ; — 29
" Because you have vexed me ! I
wish there were a sword handy to
me, that I might kill you on the spot ! "
The ass, however, replied to Balaam, 30
" Am I not your own ass, upon whom
you have ridden from the day I was
yours ? Have I been accustomed to
do this to you ? " And he answered
" No."
Then Jehovah opened the eyes of 31
Balaam, and he also saw the Mes-
senger of the Ever-living standing
in the path, with a drawn sword in
his hand. And he bowed and made
reverence before him.
But the Messenger of the Ever- 32
living said to him, " Why have you
struck your ass these three times ?
I was sent to oppose you, for your
conduct is perverse before me, and 33
the ass saw me, and turned from my
face these three times. If she had
not turned away from me, I should
most certainly have struck and slain
you, but yet preserved her alive."
Then Balaam said to the Messenger 34
of Jehovah, " I have sinned ! But I
did not know that you stood to meet
me in the path. Yet now if I am
wrong in your sight I will return
home ? "
The Messenger of the Ever-living, 35
however, replied to Balaam, " Go with
these men ; — but except the words
that I shall command you, utter
nothing." So Balaam went with the
princes of Balak.
When Balak heard that Balaam 36
was coming, he went out to meet
him to Ar of Moab, which is on the
banks of the Arnon where his border
ends, and Balak said to Balaam ; 37
" Did I not send to you to invite
you ? Why did you not come to
me ? Am I not quite able to honour
you ? ' '
But Balaam answered Balak ; — 38
" Although I have come to you, I
am not now able to speak a word
except what the Ever-living puts
into my mouth ! That I must utter ! "
Clje 3first ^ftcrtfict of IJalak aniJ
Balaam.
Then Balaam walked with Balak,
and they went into the Palace
153
22-39
NUMBERS.
23-24
39 gardens, where Balak sacrificed an
ox and a sheep, and sent them to
Balaam, and to the princes who
were with him. But in the morning
Balak took Balaam, and ascended
the tower of Bal, and showed from
there the whole mass of the People.
23 Then Balaam said to Balak;
" Build for me here seven altars, and
prepare for me here seven bullocks
and seven rams."
2 Balak accordingly did as Balaam
said, and Balak and Balaam offered
up a bullock and a ram on each
altar.
3 Then Balaam said to Balak ;
" Stand here by your offerings, and I
will go yonder to meet the Ever-
living to inquire ; and whatever He
may show me I will report to you."
4 So he went to a cliff, where Balaam
met GOD and said to Him ; " I have
built seven altars, and offered a
bullock and a ram on each altar."
5 The Ever-living then put a
speech into the mouth of Balaam, and
said; — "Return to Balak and say
thus; — "
6 So he returned to Balak, who
stood by his offerings ; — he, and all
7 the Princes of Moab, and he there
began his poem and said ; —
Balaam's ^Ivophecn.
Balaam. " From Aram, Balak,
Moab's king brought me, —
From the hills of the East I have
come."
Balak. "Curse for me Jacob;
insult for me Israel ! "
Balaam. " How can I curse,
whom GOD has not cursed ?
8 How can I insult, whom Jehovah
insults not ?
9 Whom I see from the top of the
rocks,
And from the hills I survey him —
A People dwelling alone,
And not mixed up with the
nations ! —
io Who can number the dust of
Jacob ?
Who can count Israel's increase?
Let my life die the death of the
righteous !
Let my last days be like to his ! "
Then Balak exclaimed to Balaam,
"What have you done for me? I
instructed you to curse my enemies !
And yet you have blessed them ! "
But he answered and said, "Was 12
it not what the EVER-LIVING put
into my mouth ? — I was obliged to
speak it!"
Balak, however, answered him, 13
"Come, then, with me to another
place, where you can look and only
see a part of the encampment, and
not survey the whole ; — and curse
them from there ! "
GHje ^ccottu Sacrifice oi %aiak anD
Balaam.
So he took him to the Field of 14
Towers, at the top of Pisgah, and
built seven altars, and offered a
bullock and a ram on each altar.
Then he said to Balak, " Stand here 15
by the offerings and I will go yonder."
And the Ever-living met Balaam 16
and put a speech in his mouth,
and said, " Return to Balak and
say thus; — " So he went to him, 17
and found him standing by
his offerings, and the princes of
Moab with him, and Balak asked
him, " What does the Ever-living
command?" Then he began his 18
poem and said ; —
(Tljc J$W0ttti prouljenr of ^Balaam.
" Stand up, Balak, and hear !
Listen intently, son of Tzifor !
God is not a man to lie ;— 19
Or a son of man to change his
purpose !
He has said! — and will He not
do?
And spoken ! — will He not per-
form ?
Blessing, He ordered me to 20
bless, —
And I cannot reverse it !
He perceived no fault in Jacob, 21
And saw not in Israel wrong !
The Living God is with him,
And a Kingly Cheer is his !
God brought him up from Mitzer; 22
He is like to a mighty bull !
There is no chain for Jacob, — 23
For Israel no subjector !
In time they will say of Jacob
and Israel,
What wonders God has done !
See the People! how it 24
advances ! —
Like a lion it rears and stands!
It lies not down till the prey is
devoured,
And its thirst is quenched in
blood!"
154
23—25
NUMBERS.
24— i Q
25 Balak then exclaimed to Balaam,
" Alas ! cursing, you have not cursed !
but blessing you have blessed ! "
26 Rut Balaam responded, and said to
Balak, " Did I not tell you this,
saying— All that the EVER-LIVING
commands to me I must do ? "
(FItc (TljtrD Sacrifice of HahtR and
Balaam.
27 And Balak answered to Balaam,
" Come now, — I will take you to
another place. Perhaps it may
be right in the eyes of the Gods,
and they may curse for me from
there."
28 So Balak took Balaam to the top
of the Gorge of Paur; — to the cliff
opposite the desert.
29 There Balaam said to Balak,
" Build for me here seven altars and
prepare for me seven bullocks and
30 seven rams." And Balak did as
Balaam told him and offered a
bullock and a ram on each altar.
24 But Balaam saw that it was good in
the eyes of the Ever-living to bless
Israel ; therefore he went not, as at
the other times, to call upon snakes,
but turned his face towards the
2 Wilderness, and seeing Israel
encamped by tribes, and seeing
the spirit of the EVER-LIVING
3 above them, he began his poem
and said ; —
(The Cljtrtr ^rouljrcn ai Balaam.
First Stanza.
" Balaam the son of Beor, says, —
And the man with opened eyes
declares,—
4 Who heard the speaking God
dictate,
Who saw the Almighty Life ;
Entranced, but yet with opened
eyes ! —
5 How lovely, Jacob, are vour
halls,
What tents are yours, O Israel !
6 They wave like rivers !
Like watered gardens,
Like groves the Lord has
planted !
Like cedars beside the brooks !
7 Dew-drops hang from his leaves ;
And his seed has plenty of
water. —
His king shall be greater than
Agag !
And his dominions exalted.
Second Stanza.
God brought him from Mitzer ! 8
What a mighty bull he is !
He devours opposing nations,
Grinds their bones, and crushes
the splinters !
He shall couch his paws like a 9
lion, —
Like a tiger — who dare arouse
him ?
Who blesses you, myself will
bless,
And I will curse your curser ! "
Balak then became furious with
Balaam, and struck his hands
together, and Balak exclaimed at
Balaam,
" I invited you to curse my enemy,
and yet you have blessed him these
three times ! So now be off, by
yourself, to your own country ! I said
I would ennoble you ; — but, however,
the Lord keeps you from honours."
Balaam, however, replied to Balak,
" Did I not also inform the ambas-
sadors whom you sent to me, that if
Balak should give me his palace full
of silver and gold, I should not be
able to pass beyond the command of
the Ever-living to do good or bad ?
Whatever the Ever-living com-
mands me, I must speak ! And as I
amgoingto my country, I will inform
you what this people will do to your
people hereafter." Then he began
his poem and said ;
(The Boom ai iRnali.
" Balaam the son of Beor says, —
And the man with opened eyes
declares, —
Who heard the speaking God,
proclaims,
Who knows the intention of the
Highest !
Who saw the Almighty in a
trance, —
Who fell, — when his eyes were
opened !
I shall see Him, — but not now !
I behold Him, but not near !
He brings a Star from Jacob !
And from Israel wields a Staff,
That breaks the sides of Moab,
And destroys his warlike sons.
And he will seize upon Edom,
And possess his enemy Seir, —
For Israel forms his Host,
And Jacob's son comes down,
And cuts off escape from the
Fort ! "
14
i6
24— 2o
NUMBERS.
26—3
24
Then he turned towards Amalek
and continued his poem and said ;
(TIjc goom nf Amalrh.
"Amalek was the first of the
nations,
But his posterity shall be
destroyed."
Next he looked towards the Keni
and continued his poem and said ; —
ciljc iloom of tlje llieni.
" You place and fix your house in
the rock,
Yet the flame shall rage on the
wall of your home ! "
And concluding his poem he ex-
claimed,
"Alas ! who can stand against God ?
For He strikes with a crushing
hand !
Then woe to Ashur, and woe to
Heber —
For they also at last shall fail ! "
25 Then Balaam arose and went and
returned to his own country ; and
Balak also went away.
Jsracl scbuccd bn iitoab*s ©iris.
25 But Israel remained at The Acacia
Woods,1 and the people polluted
themselves by fornication with the
2 women of Moab, who invited the
people to the sacrifices of their gods.
So the people ate, and worshipped
3 their gods, and Israel joined itself to
Bal-peor. Therefore the Ever-
living was angry with Israel, and
4 the Lord said to Moses, " Seize the
whole of the chiefs of the People,
and hang them before the Ever-
living in open sunlight, so that the
burning anger of the Lord may be
turned from Israel."
5 Consequently Moses said to the
rulers of Israel, " Each of you slay
the men who have joined themselves
to Bal-peor."
6 But a prince of the children of
Israel went and brought to his
brothers a Midianitess in the sight
of Moses, and in the sight of all the
Parliament of the children of Israel,
while they were weeping at the door
of the Hall of Assembly.
7 When Phinehas the son of Aliazer,
1 " Shittim," in Hebrew.
the son of Aaron, the priest, saw it,
he arose from among the Parliament,
and took a javelin in his hand, and 8
went after the Israelite to his tent,
and stabbed both the man of Israel
and the woman through their bodies,
and arrested the plague upon the
children of Israel. But those who 9
died from the plague were twenty-
four thousand.
promise to ^hhtcbaD for Zeal.
Then the Ever-living spoke to 10
Moses, commanding ; —
" Phinehas the son of Aliazer, the n
son of Aaron the priest, has turned
death away from the children of
Israel, by the zeal with which he was
zealous for Me among them. There- 12
fore I command to give to him the
bond of peace ; and he and his heirs 13
after him shall have an enduring
priesthood, because he was zealous
for his God ; therefore he shall
expiate for the children of Israel."
But the name of the Israelite who 14
was killed when the Midianitess was
killed, was Zimri, the son of Salwa,
an ancestral prince of the house of
Simeon ; and the name of the 15
Midianitess was Kosbi, the daughter
of Tzur, chief of a tribe of an
ancestral house of Midian.
(Drbcr to attack ittibtau.
The Ever-living spoke to Moses, 16
commanding ; —
" Assail the Midianites, and cut 17
them off from you, for they troubled 18
you by their plots, which they
contrived against you in the affar
of Kosbi the daughter of a prince
of Midian, their sister, who was
slain at the time of the plague, about
the Peor matter ; when the plague 19
was ended.-'
A Jfrroh CCntsns orbcrcb.
The Ever-living afterwards also 26
commanded to Moses, and to Aliazer
the son of Aaron the priest, saying ;
" Take a census of all the families 2
of the children of Israel, from the age
of twenty years and upwards by the
houses of their ancestors, all in Israel
capable of army service."
Consequently Moses commanded 3
Aliazer the priest, while the}' were at
the fords of Moab, by the Torrent
near Jeriko, saying ;
156
NUMBERS.
26—30
4 " From the age of twenty years and
upwards, as the EVER-LIVING com-
manded to Moses, when the children
of Israel were brought up from the
land of Mitzer."
(fcu&us of tljfi HmMtarn £tobka
0f Israel.
5 Reuben was firstborn son of Israel ;
of Reuben, Khanok ; from him were
the families of the Khanokites ;
From Philua, the families of the
Philuaites ;
6 From Hezron, the families of the
Hezronites ;
From Karmi, the families of the
Karmites ;
7 These were the families of the
Reubenites, and there were enrolled
forty-three thousand, seven hundred
and thirty.
8 And the son of Philua was Eliab ;
9 And the sons of Eliab Nemuell, and
Dathan.andAbiram, — from him came
Dathan and Abiram who excited the
Parliament that revolted against
Moses and Aaron, in the revolt of
Korah, when they rebelled against
10 the Ever-living, but the earth
opened her mouth and swallowed
them and Korah into death, with all
those persons to the number of one
hundred and fifty men, who had
11 joined them. But the son of Korah
did not die.
12 The sons of Simeon by their
families were ; —
From Namuel, the families of the
Namuelites ;
From Jamin, the families of the
Jaminites ;
From Jakin, the families of the
Jakinites ;
13 From Zarakh, the families of the
Zarakhites ;
From Shaul, the families of the
Shaulites ;
14 These were the families of the
Simeonites ; — twenty-two thousand,
two hundred.
15 The sons of Gad by their families
were ; —
From Tziphon.the families of the
Tziphonites ;
From Khaghi, the families of the
Khaghites ;
From Shuni, the families of the
Shunites ;
16 From Azni, the families of the
Aznites;
From Ari , the families of the Arites ;
From Arod, the families of the 17
Arodites ;
From Arab, the families of the
Aralites ;
These were the families of the sons iS
of Gad ; there were enrolled of them
forty thousand, five hundred.
The sons of Judah, Ar, and Onnan, 19
but Ar and Onnan died in the land
of Canan.
These, however, were the sons of 20
Judah by their families ;
From Shelah, the families of the
Shelaites ;
From Pheretz, the families of the
Pheretzites ;
From Zerakh, the families of the
Zerakhites ;
And there were of the sons of 21
Pheretz,
From Khatzran, the families of the
Khatzranites ;
From Khamal the families of the
Khamalites ;
These were the families of Judah 22
who were enrolled, seventy-six thou-
sand, five hundred.
The sons of Issakar by their families 23
were ; —
From Thola, the families of the
Tholites ;
From Phuwah, the families of the
Phuites ;
From Yashub, the families of the 24
Yashubites ;
From Shimron, the families of the
Shimronites ;
These were the families of Issakar, 25
with an enrolment of sixty-four
thousand, three hundred.
The sons of Zebulon by their 26
families were, —
From Sored, the families of the
Soredites ;
From Alan, the families of the
Alanites ;
From Yakhlal, the families of the
Yakhlalites ;
These were the families of the 27
Zebulonites ; with an enrolment of
sixty thousand, five hundred.
The sons of Joseph, by the families 28
of Manasseh and Ephraim were, —
The sons of Manasseh ; 29
From Makir, the families of the
Makirites ;
But Makir begot Gilad— from Gilad
were the families of the Giladites ;
These were the sons of Gilad, 30
From Aiazar the families of the
Aiazarites ;
157
26~3i
NUMBERS.
26-57
From Khelag, the families of the
Khelagites ;
31 From Asrial the families of the
Asrialites ;
From Shekem the families of the
Shekemites ;
32 From Shemida, the families of the
Shemidaites ;
From Khefer, the families of the
Kheferites ;
33 From Tzilafkad, the son of Khifir,
there were no sons, but only
daughters, and the names of the
daughters of Tzilafkad were
Makhlah, and Noah, Khaglah, Mil-
kar and Thirtzah.
34 These were the families of Manas-
seh enrolled, fifty-two thousand and
seven hundred.
35 These were the sons of Ephraim
by their families ;
From Shuthlakh were the families
of the Shuthlakhites ;
From Beker, the families of the
Bekerites ;
From Thakhan, the families of
the Thakhanites ;
36 And these were the sons of Shuth-
lakh ;
From Aran, the families of the
Aranites ;
37 These were the families of the sons
of Ephraim, by enrolment, thirty-two
thousand, five hundred. These were
the sons of Joseph by their families.
38 The sons of Benjamin by their
families were ; —
From Bola, the families of the
Bolites ;
From Ashbel, the families of the
Ashbelites ;
From Akhirm, the families of the
Akhirmites ;
39 From Shifafam, the families of the
Shifafamites ;
From Khofam, the families of the
Khofamites ;
40 And there were sons of Bola, Arad,
and Naman ;
From Arad, the families of the
Aradites ;
From Naman, the families of the
Namanites ;
41 These were the sons of Benjamin
by their families, by enrolment,
forty-five thousand, six hundred.
42 These were the sons of Dan by
their families ;
From Shukham, the families of the
Shukhamites ;
These were the families of Dan by
43 heir families, all the families of the
Shukhamites, by enrolment, were
sixty-four thousand, four hundred ;
The sons of Asher by their families 44
were ;
From Imna, the families of the
Imnites ;
From Ishua, the families of the
Ishuites ;
From Beriah, the families of the
Beriahites ;
From the sons of Beriah ; 45
From Kheber, the families of the
Kheberites ;
From Malkiel, the families of the
Malkielites ; — and the name of the
daughter of Asher was Sarakh.
These were the families of the sons 46
of Asher, by enrolment, fifty thou- 47
sand, four hundred.
The sons of Naphthali, by their 48
families, were ;
From Yakhzal, the families of the
Yakhzalites ;
From Guni, the families of the
Gunites ;
From Itzri, the families of the 49
Itzrites ;
From Shilam, the families of the
Shilamites ;
These were the families of Naph- 50
thali, by their families, by enrol-
ment, forty-five thousand, four
hundred.
These were enrolled of the sons 51
of Israel, six hundred and one thou-
sand, seven hundred and thirty
(601,730).
JBtutsiou of the U'aitti cranio.
The Ever- living afterwards 52
spoke to Moses and said,
" You shall divide the country into 53
estates for them according to the
number of the names. To the more 54
numerous you shall increase the
portions, and to the lesser lessen the
portions ; each according to the
enrolment shall be given their
possessions. You shall distribute the 55
portions of land by lots. They shall 56
inherit by the names of the tribes of
their fathers."
(Tip: Habit ifamilies of U'rui.
These, also, were the chiefs of 57
Levi, by their families ;
From Ghershon, the families of
the Ghershonites ;
From Kahath, the families of the
Kahathites ;
From Merari, the families of the
Merarites ;
is8
26— 5S
Xl'MHERS.
27-21
58 These are the families of the
Levites ;
The family of Libni, the family of
Khabani ; the family of Makhli ; the
family of Mushi ; the family of
Kharaki ; and Kahath begot Amram,
59 and the name of Amram's wife was
Vokabed, a descendant of Levi, who
was born to Levi in Mitzer,1 and she
bore to Amram, Aaron, and Moses,
60 and Miriam their sister. And there
were born to Aaron, Nadab and
Abihua, and Aliazer, and Aithamar.
61 But Xadab and Abihua died in pre-
senting strange fire in the presence
of the Ever-living.
62 Their enrolment was twenty-three
thousand, all males from a month
old and upwards. But they were not
numbered among the children of
Israel, for no portion was given to
them among the children of Israel.
63 This was the census taken by
Moses and Aliazer the priest, when
they enumerated the sons of Israel
at the Fords of Moab near the
64 Torrent, by Jeriko. But among these
there was not one who had been
enrolled by Moses and Aaron the
priest when they enumerated the
children of Israel in the desert of
65 Sinai, for the Ever-living had said ; j
"They should die in the desert, and
there should not remain a man of
them, except Kaleb, the son of
Jephanah, and Joshua, the son
of Nun."
(The H'alu of 4l)rtrcsD£5.
27 On one occasion the daughters of
Tzilafkad, the son of Khafer, the
son of Makir, the son of Manasseh, |
the son of Joseph, — (and the names j
of these girls were Makhlah, Noah,
and Khaglah and Mikah, and Thirt-
2 zah,) — approached, and placed them-
selves before Moses, and Aliazer the
priest, and the Princes, and all the
Parliament at the opening of the Hall
of Assembly, saying; —
3 " Our father died in the desert, for
he was among the confederacy who
revolted against the Ever-living
with the associates of Korah, and
he died for his sin, and he had no
4 sons. Why should the name of our
1 V. 59. " Born to Levi in Mitzer." in the
Hebrew idiom of language, does not mean to
Levi personally, but simply a descendant of
the Tribe. The length of time makes it
impossible for her to have been Levi's
personal child. — F. F.
father be taken from among his
family because he had not a son ?
Give us an inheritance among the
brothers of our father."
Moses therefore presented it for 5
decision before the EVER-LIVING,
and Jehovah commanded Moses 6
saying ; —
" \\ 'hat the daughters of Tzilafkad 7
have asked of you grant. — Give them
a share to inherit amongst the
brothers of their father, and assign
the inheritance of their father to
them. You shall also command the 8
children of Israel, that, when a man
dies and has not a son, you shall
assign his estate to his daughters.
But if he has no daughter you shall 9
assign his estate to his brother.
But if he has no brother then you 10
shall give his estate to his father, or 11
to his next of kin of his own family,
and he shall possess it, and this shall
be an institution of justice, which the
Ever-living commands to Moses."
(The Death; of iHosrc fmuL
Then the Ever-living said to 12
Moses, " Ascend this hill by the fords,
and survey the country which I have
given to the children of Israel. When 13
you have seen it, you shall be added
to your fathers, yourself, as Aaron
your brother was added, because you 14
rebelled openly in the Wilderness of
Tzin, when the Parliament rebelled,
in not sanctifying Me at the Waters,
in their sight, at the Waters of Strife
in the Wilderness of Tzin."
And Moses replied to the Ever- 15
living and said; "Appoint a man, 16
Living God of the breath of all
flesh, over the Assembly, who may 17
go out before them and come in
before them ; and who can lead them
out and bring them back, so that the
Assembly of the Ever-living may
not be like sheep without a shepherd."
iloshita appointed to surcccu
ittoscs.
The Ever -living replied to 18
Moses " Take to yourself Joshua the
son of Nun ; a man who has spirit in
him, and strike your hand upon him,
and place him before Aliazer the 19
priest, and before all the Parliament,
and appoint him in their sight ; and 20
put your Majesty upon him, so that
all the representatives of the children
of Israel may listen to him. Thus 21
159
27—22
NUMBERS.
28-31
let him stand in the presence of
Aliazer the priest, who shall enquire
for him by the decision of the Urim
in the presence of Jehovah. At his
command they shall come in, and at
his command they shall go out, and
all the children of Israel with him,
and all their Parliament."
22 Moses therefore did as the Ever-
living ordered him, and took Joshua,
and stationed him before Aliazer the
23 priest, and before the Parliament, and
struck his hand upon him, and he
was appointed as the Lord com-
manded to Moses.
(The ^hriuhrcnii orfiercu. artD Dniln
©ffmttjja.
28 Then the Ever-living spoke to
Moses and said ;
2 " Command the children of Israel
and say to them ; You shall take
care to present to Me the Shew-
bread, as an acceptable offering, at
3 the proper times. Also give them
this order about the offering which
they are to make to the Ever-living
of the two perfect lambs of a year old
daily, as a perpetual burnt-offering.
4 They shall offer one lamb at day-
break, and offer the second in the
5 afternoon ; with the tenth of an
ephah of fine flour mixed with a
6 quarter of a hin of beaten oil ; sacri-
fices such as were made constantly
at Mount Sinai, for a delightful offer-
7 ing to the Ever-living. With a
drink-offering of a quarter of a hin
for each lamb to pour as a drink-
8 offering to Jehovah. And sacrifice
the second lamb in the afternoon as
a grateful, pleasant perfume to the
Ever-living.
9 " But upon the Sabbath day two
perfect lambs of a year old, with two
tenths of fine flour mixed with the
10 oil and the drink-offering. That shall
be the burnt-offering for the Sab-
bath, as well as the perpetual burnt-
offerings with their drink-offerings.
11 " And on the first of the month you
shall present as a burnt-offering to
the Ever-living, two bullocks from
the fold, and one ram, with seven
12 perfect he-lambs of a year old, and
three tenths of fine flour mixed with
oil as a food-offering for a bullock ;
and two tenths of fine flour mixed
with oil as a food-offering with a
13 single ram, and a tenth of an asheran
of fine flour mixed with oil to one
lamb, as a sacrifice of pleasant scent
to the Ever-living, and their drink- 14
offerings shall be half a hin for a
bullock, and the third of a hin of
wine for the ram, and a quarter of a
hin of wine for a lamb. This shall
be the burnt-offering month by
month for every month of the year ;
with one ram of the goats for a sin- 15
offering to the Ever-living. It
shall be offered along with the per-
petual burnt-offering and the drink-
offering.
"In the first month also, — on the 16
fourteenth day of the month, — is the
Passover of the Ever-living; and 17
on the fifteenth day of this month
shall be a festival of seven days,
when biscuits shall be eaten. On the 18
first day proclaim a holy rest. You
shall do no labouring work, but present 19
as a sweet burnt-offering to the Ever-
living, two bullocks from the herd,
and a ram, and seven lambs of a year
old. Perfect ones shall be chosen ;
with a food-offering of three tenths 20
of fine flour mixed with oil, for each
bullock, and two tenths offered with
the ram. A single tenth shall be 21
offered with each lamb of the seven
lambs. One he-goat also for a sin- 22
offering, to expiate for you ; you 23
shall offer these beside the sacrifice
at daybreak, which is offered con-
tinually. Do the same daily for 24
seven days offering bread as a sweet,
delightful perfume to the Ever-
living. It must be offered besides
the perpetual burnt-offering, and
drink-offering. Proclaim also that 25
the seventh day shall be holy to
you. You shall do no labouring work
in it.
" And upon the Day of First-fruits 26
you shall present a bread-offering
from the land to the Ever-living,
when a holiday shall be proclaimed
as a rest for you. You shall not do
any labouring work in it ; but present, 27
as a burnt-offering, delightful to the
Ever-living, two bullocks from the
herd and a ram with seven lambs of
a year old, and as a bread-offering, 28
three tenths of fine flour mixed with
oil for each bullock, and two tenths
with a ram, with a tenth of an 29
asheran for each lamb, of the seven
lambs ; and a he-goat to expiate for 30
you; beside perpetual sacrifices and 31
the bread-offerings you offer daily,
there shall be these with their drink-
offerings.
160
29-i
NUMBERS.
29—39
29 " And in the seventh month you
shall proclaim the first of the month
holy to the EVER-LIVING. You shall
do no servile work. Make it your
2 day of rejoicing to the Lord, and
offer as a burnt-offering delightful to
the Ever-living a bullock from the
fold, a ram, and seven perfect lambs
3 of a year old ; and as a bread-offering
three tenths of fine flour mixed with
oil for the bullock, — two tenths with
4 the ram, and one tenth with each one
5 of the seven lambs ; and a ram of the
goats as a sin-offering to expiate for
6 you ; beside the burnt-offerings of the
month, and the food-offerings, and
the perpetual sacrifices, and their
bread-offerings, and drink-offerings
as decreed, for a pleasant scent to
the Ever-living.
7 " And you shall proclaim the tenth
of the seventh month holy to the
Ever-living, when you shall lower
8 your lives, and do no work ; but offer
in burnt-offerings to the Ever-
living as a sweet perfume, a bullock
from the herd ; a ram ; seven perfect
9 lambs of a year old ; and as a bread-
offering three tenths of fine flour
mixed with oil for the bullock ; two
io tenths for the ram ; the tenth of an
asheran for each one of the seven
ii lambs; with a ram of the goats as a
sin-offering ; beside the sin-offerings
of expiation, and the perpetual sacri-
fices, and the food-offerings and drink-
offerings.
12 " And you shall also proclaim the
fifteenth day of the seventh month holy
to you. You shall not do any labouring
work in it, but feast a festival to the
13 Ever-living for seven days. Then
you shall present as a burnt-offering
of delightful scent to Jehovah,
thirteen bullocks ; two rams ; four-
teen he-lambs for a year old. They
14 shall be perfect ; with their food-
offerings of three tenths of fine flour
mixed with oil, to each bullock, of
the thirteen bullocks ; two tenths to
15 each ram of the two rams; and a
tenth of an asheran to each of the
16 lambs, of the fourteen lambs ; with a
he-goat as a sin-offering ; beside the
perpetual food-offerings and drink-
offerings.
17 " And upon the second day, twelve
perfect bullocks from the herd ; two
rams ; fourteen lambs of a year old ;
18 with bread-offerings and drink-offer-
ings for the bullocks, for the rams,
and for the lambs by the rule as
P. ]
decreed ; with a ram of the goats as 19
a sin-offering, beside the perpetual
sacrifices with their bread and drink
offerings.
" And upon the third day, twelve 20
perfect bullocks, two rams, fourteen
lambs of a year old, with bread and 21
drink offerings with the bullocks,
rams, and lambs, according to the
rule decreed ; and a goat for a sin- 22
offering ; beside the perpetual sacri-
fices, and their bread and drink
offerings.
" And upon the fourth day, ten 23
perfect bullocks, two rams, fourteen
lambs of a year old ; with bread and 24
drink offerings according to the rule
decreed ; and a he-goat for a sin- 25
offering, beside the perpetual sacri-
fices with their bread and drink
offerings.
' And upon the fifth day ; — nine 26
perfect bullocks, two rams, fourteen
lambs of a year old ; with bread and 27
drink offerings for the bullocks, for
the rams, and for the lambs, accord-
ing to the rule decreed ; and a he- 28
goat for a sin-offering, beside the
perpetual sacrifices, with their bread
and drink offerings.
"And upon the sixth day ; — eight 29
perfect bullocks, two rams, fourteen
lambs of a year old ; with bread and 30
drink offerings for the bullocks, for
the rams, and for the lambs, accord-
ing to the rule decreed ; with a he- 31
goat for a sin-offering, beside the
perpetual sacrifices, with their bread
and drink offerings.
"And upon the seventh day; — 32
seven perfect bullocks, two rams,
fourteen lambs of a year old : with 33
bread and drink offerings for the
bullocks, the rams, and lambs,
according to the rule decreed ; and a 34
he-goat for a sin-offering, beside the
perpetual sacrifices, with their bread
and drink offerings.
" And upon the eighth day you. 35
shall have a Festival. You shall do
no servile work, but present as a 36
sacrifice of delightful scent to the
Ever-living a perfect bullock, a
ram, and seven lambs of a year old ;
with bread and drink offerings for 37
the bullock, for the ram, and for the
lambs, according to the rule decreed ;
with a he-goat for a sin-offering, 38
beside the perpetual sacrifices with
their bread and drink offerings. You 39
shall sacrifice these to the Ever-
living in your Festival, beside your
1 M
30—i
NUMBERS
31 — 12
vows, and free-will offerings, with
vour sacrifices, and your bread and
drink offerings, and your thank-
offering."
30 Moses consequently reported to the
children of Israel all that the Ever-
living commanded to Moses.
®Ije falu of itolua to (606.
2 Then Moses addressed the chiefs
of the tribes of the children of Israel,
saying ;
" This is the thing that the Ever-
living commands,
3 "A person who vows a vow to
Jehovah, or swears an oath to bind
his soul, shall not repudiate his
word, but perform all that has come
out of his mouth.
|ralu of ITolus by (Rilomnt.
4 " And a woman who has vowed a
vow to the Ever-living, but who is
yet in the house of her father in her
5 youth ; when her father hears of her
vow, and the bond with which she
has bound her soul, and her father
is silent upon it, then every vow shall
stand, and every bond shall stand,
with which she has bound her soul.
6 But if her father comes to forbid her
at the time he hears of any vow or
bond with which she has bound her
soul, it shall not stand ; and Jehovah
will release her, because her father
forbids it.
7 " But if she has a husband, and
she takes a vow upon her, or rashly
utters from her lips what might bind
8 her soul ; when her husband hears of
it, if he keeps silent to her at the
time he hears, then the vow and
bond with which she has bound her
9 soul shall stand ; but if at the time
her husband hears of it, he prohibits
it ; then the vow which she has
vowed upon herself, and the rash
utterance of her lips by which she
has bound her soul, shall be an-
nulled, and the Ever-living will
release it.
10 " But the vow of a widow, or a
divorced woman, — all that they bind
upon their souls shall stand upon
them.
11 "Yet if the mistress of a house
binds a bond upon her soul with an
12 oath ; if when her husband hears of
it he keeps silent to her, not for-
bidding it, then every vow, and every
bond which she has bound upon her
soul shall stand. But if at the time 13
her husband hears it he annuls them,
all that came out of her lips as a vow,
or a bond upon her soul, shall not
stand. Her husband has annulled
it, and the Ever-living will release
it. Every vow and every oath bind- 14
ing to afflict the soul, her husband
may confirm and her husband may
annul ; but if her husband keeps 15
silent to her from day to day, then
he confirms them ; for he was silent
to her at the time he heard. But if 16
he annuls them, after having heard
of them, then he takes away any
blame."
These are the laws that the Ever- 17
living commanded to Moses about
husband and wife ; and about father
and young girl in the house of her
father.
aHnr luttlj iHiutatt commando.
The Ever-living spoke to Moses 31
and said ; —
"Arouse the children of Israel 2
against the Midianites after you have
enumerated your people."
Moses therefore spoke to the People 3
saying ; —
" Select from yourselves officers for
a war with the Midianites, for the
1 Lord has ordered an advance against
! Midian, of a thousand from each 4
tribe, from all the tribes of Israel, to
go 'upon an expedition." So they 5
massed from the tribes of Israel, by
a thousand from each tribe, twelve
thousand chosen for the war, and 6
Moses sent the thousand from each
tribe to the war, with Phinehas the
son of Aliazer the priest, and the
I sacred furniture, and the gongs in
his possession to encourage them.
' These made war against Midian as 7
the Ever-living commanded Moses,
and slew every leader. They also 8
slew the kings of Midian in the
slaughter, Air, and Rekem, and Tzur,
and Khur, and Raba, the five kings
! of Midian, and also slew Balaam the
son of Beor with the sword.
Then the children of Israel took 9
j possession of the women of Midian,
with their children, and all the cattle,
and all their property, and all their
people, as booty, with all the villages
which they inhabited, and burnt all 10
their furniture with fire, and carried off 1 1
all the plunder, and all the spoil from
i the field and from the person. Then 12
1 they brought the captives to Moses,
162
31—13
NUMBERS.
31-47
and Aliazer the priest, and to the
Parliament of the children of Israel,
along with the plunder, and the booty,
to the camp at the Fords of Moab,
which was beside the Torrent near
Jeriko.
13 Then Moses and Aliazer the priest,
with all the princes of the Parliament
went out to meet them outside the
14 camp. But Moses was angry with
the officers of the army, the colonels
of regiments, and captains of com-
panies, who returned with the army
15 from the war, and Moses asked
them ;
" Why have you kept the women
alive ? What were they to the chil-
dren of Israel under the advice of
16 Balaam ? — They seduced them to
desert the Ever-living in the affair
of Peor, and they brought a pestilence
upon the congregation of Jehovah.
17 Now, therefore, kill every male child,
and every woman who has known
18 man sexually, — kill ! But let every
young girl who has not known a man
19 sexually live for yourselves. Also
pitch your tents outside the camp for
seven days, all who have killed a
person, or been wounded in battle.
You must be cleansed from defile-
ment at the sixth day, and on the
seventh day, you and your prisoners,
20 and all your clothing and every
article of leather, and all fabrics of
hair, and every article of wood, shall
be cleansed."
(The 3Cato at jlrisffi in (Tatar, anil its
^luriftcatiort.
21 Then Aliazer the priest said to the
commanders of the army who came
from the war, "This is the Constitu-
tional Law which the EVER-LIVING
22 has commanded to Moses. All the
gold and the silver, and the brass,
and the iron, the tin, and the lead,
23 all things which can resist fire, you
shall put through the fire to purify
them ; but everything that is not
able to endure fire shall be cleansed
bypassing through water, by washing
24 in water. You shall also wash your
clothes on the seventh day, and purify
yourselves, and afterwards you may
enter the camp."
IL'aiu cf Dibtuinrt fjjxraiji of ®Kar.
25 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses and said ;
26 " You, and Aliazer, and the princes
27
of the fathers of the Parliament, take
an account of the booty of the pri-
soners ; both of the men and of the
cattle, and divide the booty among
the captors of the brigade who brough t
it from the campaign, and among all
their people. But take off a tax from 28
them for the Ever-living from the
soldiers who actually went into battle,
one head from five hundred of the
men, and of the cattle, and of the asses,
and of the sheep. You shall take 29
it from their share, and give it to
Aliazer the priest, as a tax for the
Ever-living. But from the share 30
for the children of Israel you shall
take one from every fifty of the men,
of the cattle, and of the asses, and
of the sheep, and from all the animals,
and give them to the Levites who
form the guard of the sanctuary of
the Ever-living."
Moses and Aliazer therefore did as 31
Jehovah commanded to Moses ; and 32
the prize, beside the plunder that the
People plundered in the army, — was
of sheep six hundred and seventy-
five thousand, and of cattle seventy- 33
two thousand ; and of asses sixty-one 34
thousand, and of persons, with the 35
girls who had not known man sexu-
ally, all the human individuals were
thirty-two thousand.
But the half of the booty that came 36
to the army was ; — from the number
of sheep three hundred and thirty-
seven thousand, and five hundred.
And the tax of the Lord from the 37
sheep was six hundred and seventy-
five ; and of cattle thirty-six thousand ; 38
and the tax to the Lord seventy-two.
And of asses thirty thousand and 39
five hundred ; and the tax for the
LORD was sixty-one. And of human 40
J beings, sixteen thousand ; and the
1 tax for the Ever-living thirty-two
1 persons.
And Moses gave the taxes which 41
were the Lord's, as a raised offering,
to Aliazer the priest, as the Ever-
living commanded to Moses.
But the portion of the children of 42
I Israel, which Moses took from the
I soldiers, and which was the share of 43
I the Parliament, — was of sheep three
I hundred and thirty-seven thousand,
1 and five hundred ; and of cattle, 44
thirty-six thousand, and of asses 45
thirty thousand, five hundred ; and of 46
I human beings sixteen thousand. 47
. Moses also took from this share of
the children of- Israel one from every
163
M 2
31
NUMBERS.
32-2i
fifty, both of the men, and of the
beasts, and gave them to the Levites
of the guard who guarded the
sanctuary of the Ever-living, as
the Lord commanded to Moses.
SCIjb Army (Officers offer a 3frc-e (Dift.
48 Then the officers of the regiments
of the army — the colonels of regi-
ments, and the captains of companies
But Moses said to the sons of Gad,
and to the sons of Reuben ; —
" Your brothers are going over the
Jordan, and would you stay here ?
Why should you discourage the hearts
of the children of Israel from passing
to the country which the Ever-living
has given to them ? Your fathers
did the same, when I sent them from
Kadesh-Barnea to survey the country,
49 presented themselves to Moses, and I when *hey Proceeded *» **** brook of 9
said to Moses
" Your servants were promoted to
be the chief commanders in the cam-
paign which is in our hand, and not
50 a man of us is missing, therefore we
present this gift to the EVER-LIVING,
each from what he has found of
articles of gold, anklets, and brace-
lets, seals, earrings, and beads, to
expiate for our persons before the
Ever-living, for our lives."
5 1 Moses and Aliazer the priest, there-
fore, accepted from them all these
52 articles made of gold. And the weight
of the gold presented to the Ever-
living by the colonels of the regi-
ments, and the captains of companies,
was sixteen thousand, seven hundred
53 and fifty shekels ; for the commanders
in the army had each plundered for
54 themselves ; so Moses and Aliazer
the priest accepted the gold from the
commanders of regiments and com-
panies, and brought it into the Hall
of Assembly, as a remembrance from
the children of Israel before Jehovah.
uTIje luntbntttes enii (Bnbttes ask for
llauu- anti (Dtlati.
32 But the number of cattle belonging
to the sons of Reuben, and the sons
of Gad was very numerous, and they
saw that the district of Yazer, and
the district of Gilad were places for
2 cattle. So the sons of Gad and the
sons of Reuben came to Moses and
Aliazer the priest, and the princes of
the Parliament, to say ; —
3 " Ataroth, and Diban.and Nimrah,
and Kheshbon, and Alalah, and
4 Shibma, and Nebo, and Ban, — the
country that the Ever-living has
conquered before the Commonwealth
of Israel, — is a place for cattle, and
5 your servants possess cattle. And,"
they continued, " if then your servants
have found favour in your eyes, give
this district to your servants to
possess and we will not pass over
the Jordan."
Ashkol, and examined the country
and discouraged the hearts of the
children of Israel, so that they would
not go to the land which the Ever-
living had given them, and the
anger of Jehovah burnt at that time,
and He declared, saying; — 'The men
who come up out of the Mitzeraim,
from twenty years old and upwards,
shall not see the country which I
promised to Abraham, to Isaac, and
to Jacob, — for they are not sincerely
following Me; — except Kaleb the son
of Jephunah, the Kenezite, and Joshua
the son of Nun, who sincerely fol-
lowed the Ever-living.' The anger
of Jehovah consequently burnt
against Israel, and they wandered
forty years in the Wilderness, until
all that generation who had done
wrong in the sight of the Ever-
living had died. And now you arise
in the place of your fathers to con-
tinue the burning anger of the LORD
against Israel, for you are turning
back from Him, and will cause Him
to retain them in the Wilderness and
consume all this people ! "
But they pressed upon him and
said ; —
" We will build folds to guard our
sheep, and cities for our children, but
we ourselves are ready for action, and
will advance ardently before the
children of Israel to their districts
wherever they may go. But our
children can rest in the fortified towns,
guarded from the inhabitants of the
country. We will not return to our
homes until the children of Israel
have each been put into possession
of his estate. And we will not inherit
over the Jordan, nor westward, but
our possessions shall be to the east
of the fords of the Jordan."
Then Moses replied to them ;
" If you will do this, — if you will be
ready for action before the Ever-
living in the war, and pass fully
armed over the Jordan before the
Ever-living until His enemies are
13
14
16
i?
164
32—22
NUMBERS.
33
22 driven from before Him, then, when
the country is subdued to Jehovah,
you may return ; and this district
shall be given you from the Ever-
living, and from Israel, and this
country shall be yours to possess it
23 in the presence of the Lord. But if
you will not do so, then you will sin
against the Ever-living, — and you
know the punishment for sin that will
24 meet you. You can build towns for
your children, .and folds for your
flocks, — and return when you have
done so."
25 The sons of Gad and the sons of
Reuben replied to Moses saying ; —
"Your servants will do as Our Lord
26 commands. Our children, wives and
cattle shall be here in the cities of
27 Gilad ; but your servants will pass
over fully equipped for war with the
army of the Ever-living, as your
Lordship has said."
(The parliament calkir to sanction
tire ^Irotfooals of lleubcu anu (Baft.
28 Then Moses convoked Aliazer the
priest, and Joshua the son of Nun,
and the chief fathers of the tribes of
29 the children of Israel, — and Moses
said to them, " If the sons of Gad
and the sons of Reuben pass over
the Jordan fully equipped for the war
of the Ever-living, and subdue the
country before you, then you shall
give them the land of Gilad for a
30 possession. But if they do not go
over ready for action, then they shall
onl}r inherit in the land of Canan."
31 The sons of Gad, and the sons of
Reuben answered, saying; —
"Your servants will do what the
32 Ever-living has said. We will pass
over fully equipped before the Ever-
living to the land of Canan, and we
will possess our inheritance on this
side of the Jordan."
33 So Moses gave to the sons of Gad
and the sons of Reuben, and the half
tribe of Manasseh, the son of Joseph,
the kingdoms of Sihon, king of the
Amorites, and the kingdoms of Og,
king of Bashan. The land and its
towns, with the surrounding country
of the villages.
34 So the sons of Gad built Diban, and
35 Ataroth, and Arar, and Ataroth-
Shufan, and Jazer, and Igbakhah,
36 and Beth-minrah, and Beth-horon ; —
fortified towns, with folds for sheep.
37 And the sons of Reuben built
Kheshbon, and Alalah, Kiriathaim,
and Athbano. and Athbal-maon, 38
changing its name, and Sibma, and
they called Bethmoth, Shemoth.
These were the towns they built.
Then the sons of Makir, the son 39
of Manasseh, marched to Gilad and
captured it, and drove out the Amo-
rites who were in it, so Moses gave 40
Gilad to Makir, the descendant of
Manasseh, and he occupied it.
Then Yair the son of Manasseh 41
marched and captured some forts,
and called them the forts of Yair.
Then Nobakh marched and cap- 42
tured Kaneth, and its villages, and
named it Nobakh, after his own name.
ilecoru of Ssrad's iftarrhr-s from
(fruinrjt to trje Jloruan.
These are the marches of the 33
children of Israel who came under
the direction of Moses and Aaron
from the land of the Mitzeraim by
their armies. (For Moses registered 2
their advance by marches, by instruc-
tions from the Ever-living; and
these are the marches they advanced
by.1)
They marched first from Ramases, 3
in the first month, upon the fifteenth
day of the first month ; —
After the morning of the Pass-
over, the children of Israel advanced
with a high hand in the sight of
all Mitzeraim, whilst the Mitzerites 4
were burying those whom Jehovah
had killed among them, — all their
firstborn. And Jehovah also exe-
cuted justice upon their gods.
So the children of Israel marched 5
from Ramases, and pitched their
tents at Skuth. Then they marched 6
from Skuth and pitched at Atham,
which is on the border of the desert.
Then they marched from Atham, and 7
pitched and occupied the Pass of
Hakhiroth,2 which is opposite Bal-
zefon, and pitched befon>the fortress.
Then they marched from Hakhiroth 8
and passed over through the sea to
the desert, and advanced in that
direction three days to the Desert of
Atham, and pitched at Marah. Then 9
they marched from Marah and came
to Ailam, and there were at Ailam
1 Y. 2 is an ancient editor's note, intro-
ducing the record of Moses, not part of his
text apparently, as the change of person
shows. — F. F.
2 V. 7. Hakhiroth, "The Gorge of Caves."
-F. F.
16 =
33— io
NUMBERS.
33-54
twelve springs of water, and seventy
palm trees, so they pitched there.
io Then they marched from Ailam and
ii pitched at the Sea of Suf.1 Then they
marched from the Sea of Suf, and
12 pitched in the desert of Zin. Then
they marched from the Desert of
13 Zin, and' pitched in Dafakah. Then
they marched from Dafakah, and
14 pitched in Alush. Then they
marched from Alush, and pitched
in Rephidim ; but there was no water
15 there for the people to drink. Then
they marched from Rephidim, and
16 pitched in the Desert of Sinai. Then
they marched from the Desert of
Sinai, and pitched in Kibroth Hatha-
17 vah. Then they inarched from Kibroth
Hathavah, and pitched in Khatzeroth.
18 Then they marched from Khatzeroth,
19 and pitched in Rithmah. Then they
20 marched from Rithmah, and pitched
in Rimon-fartz. Then they marched
from Rimon-fartz, and pitched in
21 Libnah. Then they marched from
22 Libnah, and pitched in Risah. Then
they marched from Risah, and pitched
23 in Kahlatha. Then they marched
from Kahlatha, and pitched at Mount
24 Shafir. Then they marched from
Mount Shafir, and pitched in Kha-
25 radah. Then they marched from
Kharadah, and pitched in Makhloth.
26 Then they marched from Makhloth,
27 and pitched in Thakhath. Then they
marched from Thakhath, and pitched
28 in Tharakh. Then they marched
from Tharakh, and pitched in Mit-
29 haka. Then they marched from
Mithaka, and pitched in Khashmona.
30 Then they marched from Khashmona,
and pitched in Moseroth. Then they
31 marched from Moseroth, and pitched
32 in among the Beni Yakan. Then
they marched from the Beni Yakan,
and pitched in the vale of Gadgad.
33 Then they marched from the vale of
Gadgad, and encamped in Yatbatha.
34 Then they marched from Yatbatha,
35 and encamped in Aberona. Then
they marched from Aberona, and
36 encamped in Atzin-gaber. Then they
marched from Atzin-gaber, and en-
camped in the desert of Tzin.-
37 Then they marched from Kadesh,
and encamped at the Peak-hill, on
1 Sea of Weeds.— F. F.
2 (" Which is Kadesh.") The words in the
parentheses are a note of an ancient editor
to explain the text, not part of the Mosaic
record. — F. F.
the borders of the land of Moab,
and Aaron the priest ascended the 38
Peak -hill1 by the order of the
Ever-living, and died there, in the
fortieth year from the coming of the
children of Israel out of Mitzer, on
the first of the fifth month. And 39
Aaron was a hundred and twenty-
three years old at his death on the
Peak-hill.
Qlje CTananiU's oi Arafc oyyosz
Israel.
When the Cananite king of Arad 40
heard that the children of Israel were
advancing by the south country, he
occupied the Peak-hill.
So they marched from the Peak- 41
hill, and encamped at Tzalmooah.
Then they marched from Tzalmonah, 42
and encamped at Fonan. Then they 43
marched from Fonan, and encamped
at Aboth. Then they marched from 44
Aboth, and encamped at Avi, at the
Passes, on the border of Moab. Then 45
they marched from Avi, and encamped
at Diban-Gad. Then they marched 46
from Diban-Gad, and encamped at
Alman. Then they marched from 47
Alman by Qiblathim, and encamped
at the Hills of the Passes, opposite to
Nebo. Then they marched from the 48
Hills of the Passes, and encamped at
the Fords of Moab, on the Jordan.
Then they extended along the 49
Jordan from Beth-Yeshimoth to the
Acacia Meadows - upon the Fords of
Moab.
There the Ever-living spoke to 50
Moses at the Fords of Moab,'2 oppo-
site Jeriko, commanding; —
(Kmrnnaniis mt the Ittirastmt oi
(t an an.
" Speak to the children of Israel, 51
and say to them ;
" Now you are about to pass over
the Jordan to the land of Canan, you 52
shall drive out all the possessors of
that country before you, and destroy
them, and their towers, and destroy
all those bronze idols, and destroy
all their High-places, and seize the 53
country ; for I have given the land to
you to possess. But you shall divide 54
the land by lots to your families. To
1 Ar-Ahar.— F. F.
2 The Acacia Meadows, in Hebrew " Abal-
shittim."
166
33
NUMBERS.
34—29
the large you shall increase the por-
tions, and to the small you shall lessen
the portions. Whatever lot falls to
any one shall be his, and apportioned
to him in the tribe of his fathers.
55 But if you do not drive out the in-
habitants of the land who occupy it,
the remainder of them will be pricks
in your eyes, and thorns in your sides,
and a torment to you in the land
where you reside. And I will do to
you as I intended to do to them."
(Tljt lG0ituu5 of the ^Iromtscu UTanu.
34 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses to say; —
2 " Command the children of Israel
and say to them ;
" Now you are come to the land of
Canan ; — the land which has fallen
to you to inherit, — the land of Canan
3 with her surroundings. And they
shall be yours on the south side from
the Wilderness of Tzin, on the borders
of Edom.
"These are your borders south;
from the end of the Salt Sea eastward ;
4 and along from there your boundary
towards the south shall be from the
ascent of Akrabim, and across to
Tzin, then turn up from the south to
Kadesh Barnea, and proceed to the
Castle of Adar, and pass over to
5 Atzinar. Then the boundary turning
from Atzmon towards the River of
6 Mitzer shall proceed to the west, and
your boundary shall be the sea,
The Great Sea ;— that shall be your
boundary on the west.
7 "And this shall be your boundary
on the north ; you shall mark out
from the Great Sea, at the Hill of
8 Hills.1 From the Hill of Hills you
shall mark out to the Pass of Khamath,
and take a line to the borders of
9 Tzadda. Thence your northern
boundary shall start and proceed to
Khatzar-ainan ; that shall be your
border to the north.
io " Then you shall mark your eastern
boundary from Khatzar-ainan to Shaf-
1 1 nah ; and the frontier shall run from
Shafnah with Riblah on the east, to
Ain, where the line shall descend
and extend to the eastern shoulder of
12 the Lake of Kineroth. Thence the
frontier shall run by the Jordan and
extend to the Salt Sea. This shall
be your country with its surrounding
bounds."
1 Lebanon.— F. F.
®lj£ JUlntment of |laUstht£ tn the
iVuxe anu rt Half (Tribes.
Therefore Moses commanded the 13
children of Israel, saying ; —
"This is the country which you
shall divide by lot; which the EvER-
LIVING has commanded to give to the
nine and a half tribes ; because the 14
tribe of Reuben have taken for their
ancestors' house ; and the tribe of the
sons of Gad for their ancestors' house ;
with the house of Ephraim and the
half tribe of Manasseh, have taken
their share; — these two tribes and 15
the half tribe, have taken their shares
before the Jordan, opposite Jeriko.1
The Ever-living also spoke to 16
Moses, commanding ; —
"These two men shall divide the 17
land for you, — Aliazer the priest, and
Joshua the son of Nun, with one
prince from each of the tribes who
shall superintend the division of the
land ; and these are the names of the 18
men;
"From the tribe of Judah, Kaleb 19
the son of Jefunah ;
" From the tribe of the sons of 20
Simeon, Shamuel the son of Amihud ;
"From the tribe of Benjamin, 21
Alidad the son of Kislon ;
" From the tribe of the sons of Dan, 22
Prince Buki, the son of Igli ;
" From the sons of Joseph ; — From 23
the tribe of the sons of Manasseh,
Prince Khanial the son of Afod ;
" From the tribe of the sons of 24
Ephraim, Prince Kamual, the son of
Shiftan ;
" From the tribe of the sons of 25
Zebulon, Prince Alizafan, the son of
Padnak ;
" From the tribe of the sons of 26
Issakar, Prince Faltiel, the son of
Azan ;
" From the tribe of the sons of 27
Asher, Akhihud, the son of Shalmi ;
" From the tribe of the sons of 28
Naphthali, Prince Fidahl, the son of
Amihud ;
" The Ever-living commands 29
these to divide the land of Canan to
the children of Israel."
1 V. 15. " Before the Jordan, opposite
Jeriko," is evidence that in this allotment
we have the actual words of Moses, who
wrote his narrative on the eastern side of
Jordan ;— (" on the east towards the sunrise " )
is a Jerusalem editor's note, written as an
explanation for readers on the West of Jordan,
centuries after the death of Moses — F. F.
167
35-i
NUMBERS.
35—30
(Cities orumTU for Hje il'curtcs.
85 The Ever-living spoke to Moses
at the Fords of Moab by the Jordan
opposite Jeriko, saying ;
2 " Command the children of Israel,
that they must give to the Levites, as
a heritable portion, towns for resi-
dence, with pastures around those
3 towns, for the Levites. And the
towns shall be for their residence,
and the pastures for their cattle and
4 their animals. The pastures which
you are to give to the Levites outside
the walls of the towns shall be a space
5 of two thousand cubits. You shall
thus measure from the outside wall
of the towns, on the eastern side, two
thousand cubits, and on the south
side two thousand cubits, and on the
west side two thousand cubits, and
on the north side, two thousand
cubits ; with the town in the centre.
These shall be the pasture lands of
those towns.
6 " You shall also assign to the
Levites these towns ; — six cities of
refuge to be provided for man-slayers.
And beside them provide forty-two
7 cities — a total of forty-eight. All these
towns shall be assigned to the Levites,
being for them, and their pasturage.
8 But the towns that you assign from
the children of Israel shall be accord-
ing to their numbers, large, and ac-
cording to their fewness, small, — each
according to the extent of the district
which they inherit shall give towns
to the Levites. According to their
shares, they shall assign equivalent
towns to the Levites."
(faiths of ilcfmu orarrro.
9 The Ever-living also spoke to
Moses, commanding ; —
10 " Speak to the children of Israel
and say to them ;
"You are now about to pass over
the Jordan to the land of Canan.
1 1 Therefore appoint for yourselves
Cities of Refuge, that man-slayers,
who have cut off a life by accident,
12 may fly to them. And they shall be
your Cities of Refuge from theA venger,
so that the fugitive may not be killed,
until he has stood in the presence of
13 a jury for trial. Therefore shall you
appoint six Cities of Refuge for your-
14 selves. You shall appoint three of
the Cities on this side the Jordan,
and three Cities in the land of Canan,
15 to be Cities of Refuge, for the children
of Israel and for foreigners residing
among you. These three cities shall
be Cities of Refuge for everyone who
has cut off a life by accident. Thus 16
if he strikes any with an instrument
of iron, and he dies, he is a man-
slayer ; the man-slayer would be
killed ; or if he throws a stone which 17
wounds mortally, and the wounded
dies, he is a man-slayer; the man-
slayer would be killed ; or strikes 18
with an instrument of wood a deadly
blow, and the wounded dies from
it, he is a man-slayer; the man-
slayer would be killed. The Avenger 19
would kill the wounder ; he would
kill the wounder when found. He
would kill him.
" But if from hatred he stabs or 20
shoots at one from a hiding place,
and kills, or from hatred strikes with 21
his hand, and kills ; he shall be killed
who has struck the wound ; The
Avenger of Blood shall kill the
wounder when he finds him.
" But if undesignedly, not from 22
enmity, one stabs or shoots another
with any instrument, not treacher-
ously, or kills with a stone, not having 23
seen ; — or it falls upon a person who
dies, — whom he did not hate, and did
not seek to injure, — then the jury 24
shall judge between the accused and
the Avenger, according to these rules ;
and the jury shall deliver the accused 25
from the hand of the Avenger. But
the jury shall assign him to the City
of Refuge to which he shall go, and
stay there until the death of the High
Priest who has been consecrated with
the Oil of Consecration.
" But if the man-slayer goes beyond 26
the boundaries of the City of Refuge
to which he has fled ; and the Avenger 27
of Blood meets him outside the bounds
of the City of Refuge, then the
Avenger of Blood may kill the slayer,
without blood being upon himself;
for he ought to have remained in the 28
City of Refuge until the death of the
High Priest. But after the death of
the High Priest the man-slayer may
reside in his own district.
(JFljr (Constitutional ICulu of iHuron\
" These shall be Constitutional 29
Laws to your descendants, in all your
residences : —
" Whoever cuts off a life, the slayer 30
shall be slain on the evidence of two
witnesses ; but upon the evidence of
one you shall not condemn a person
168
35-31
NUMBERS.
36-13
31 to death. And you shall not take
any ransom for a life ; the man-slayer
who mortally injures, shall die a death.
32 You shall also not accept a ransom
from the refugee'to a City of Refuge,
to return to rest in the country, until
33 the death of the priest, so that you
may not corrupt the land you reside
in ; for blood pollutes the land, and
the land will not cover the blood that
is shed upon it ; for the life is in the
34 blood ; consequently you shall not
defile the land you dwell in, — amidst
which I encamp, — for I, the Ever-
living, encamp in the midst of the
children of Israel."
(The ~£alxs of the ittavriniu of
Heiresses.
36 The ancestral chiefs of the family
of the sons of Gilad, the son of
Makir, the son of Manasseh of the
family of the son of Joseph, came
before Moses and the presence of the
Princes, the ancestral chiefs of the
2 children of Israel, and said ;
"The Ever-living commanded
Our Prince to apportion the land by-
lot to the children of Israel, and the
Prince was commanded by the Ever-
living to give the share of Tzilafad,
3 our brother, to his daughters. But
they may take any one of the sons of
the tribes of Israel for a husband,
and carry away their shares from the
shares of our families, and thus lessen
the portions of the tribe to which they
belong, and take away from our
4 allotted share. And when the Jubilee
comes to the children of Israel, then
that portion will be added to the
portion of the tribe to which they
have gone, and the share of the
tribe of their fathers will lose their
shares ? "
Consequently Moses commanded j
the children of Israel by instruction
from the EVER-LIVING, saying; —
"The argument of the sons of the
tribe of Joseph is fair. This is the (
order of the Ever-living to the
daughters of Tzilafad : — They may
decide to be wives to anyone who is
good in their eyes ; but their husband
shall be only from a family of their
father's tribe, so that the portions of '
the children of Israel may not be
removed from tribe to tribe, for all
the portions of the ancestral houses
of the children of Israel shall be kept
together. Therefore any daughter !
inheriting an estate in any of the
tribes of the children of Israel, shall
become the wife of one from her
father's tribe, so that the children
of Israel may each inherit the share
of his father ; for no estate shall
change from tribe to tribe. After
each portion has been allotted, it
shall be kept in the same tribe of the
children of Israel."
The daughters of Tzilafad accord-
ingly did as the Ever living com-
manded to Moses. And the daughters
of Tzilafad, Makhla, Thirza, Khagla,
and Milka, and Noah, were given as
wives to the sons of their uncles, of
the familv of the sons of Manasseh,
the son of Joseph, they were their
wives. Thus their portions remained
in the tribe of Manasseh their father.
These were the commands, and the
institutions which the EVER-LIVING
ordained through the medium of
Moses, to the children of Israel, at
the Fords of Moab, by the Jordan,
beyond Jeriko.
End of the Book of Numbers.
169
THE FIFTH BOOK OF MOSES, COMMONLY CALLED
DEUTERONOMY.
(ALEH HE DIBARIM MOSHEH.)
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
Introduction.1
1 The following are the Speeches
which Moses addressed to all the
Children of Israel, before the passage
over the Jordan, in the desert, ex-
tending from Suf, between Paran,
andThofel.and Laban.and Khatzroth
and Yahb.2
3 It was during the fortieth year, in
the eleventh month, upon the first of
1 This Introduction was probably written
by Aliazer, the High Priest, for the Sacred
Copy kept in the Ark of the Covenant.— F. F.
2 V. 2, in parentheses, is an explanatory
note of an old Hebrew editor. — F. F,
2 (It is eleven days' journey from Horeb,
when marching by the way of Mount San-
to Kadesh-Barnea.)
the month, Moses related to the
children of Israel all that the Ever-
living had commanded him for
them; after he had defeated Sihon, 4
King of the Amorites, who lived in
Hesnbon, and Og King of Bashan,
who lived at Ashtaroth, in Adarai, on 5
this side1 of the ford of the Jordan, in
the land of Moab, Moses began to
publish the law, and said ; —
l That is the eastern side. This geogra-
phical description proves this Introduction to
have been written before Joshua invaded
Palestine, and shows the age of the Orations,
and is an internal proof that we have them
now as Moses wrote and spoke, except for
a few inserted explanatory notes which I
shall indicate as my version proceeds. — F. F.
170
i-6
DEUTERONOMY.
1-32
SPEECH I
Utatorg nf the (Piotius.
6 Our Ever-living God spoke to us
in Horeb, saying ; — You have remained
7 long enough on this mountain. Turn
and march, and proceed with all
your camps to the highlands of the
Amorites, and all their neighbours in
the dry lands of the hills, and thence
to the plains and desert along the
shore of the sea of the land of Canan,
and from Lebanon, as far as the
great river Frath.1
8 Attend ! I have opened the country
to you ! Go and seize the land which
the Ever-living promised to give to
your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac,
and to Jacob, — to give it to them and
to their posterity after them.
9 But I told you all at that time, I
myself could not support you alone !
io And now your Ever-living God has
increased you, and, see ! you are to-day
like the stars of the sky in number !
ii And the Ever-living the God of
your fathers will add to you, beyond
this, a thousand times, and will
12 bless you, as He promised. — How
can I alone bear your troubling ?
13 and carry your contentions ? Go !
Choose for yourselves skilful, clear-
sighted, and educated men to control
you, and I will appoint them your
chiefs.
14 When you answered me, "What
you have said is good ; what you have
said, do it ! "
15 I therefore chose as the chiefs of
your tribes, skilful and educated men,
and gave them to you as your chiefs;
colonels of regiments, and captains
of companies, and captains of fifties,
and captains of tens; with magistrates
16 for your tribes. I also ordered your
judges at that time saying ; —
" Listen between your brothers,
and decide just judgments between a
man and hisbrother, and the foreigners
17 among you. Do not regard social
station in deciding, whether low or
high. Listen not in fear of the
station of a man ; for justice belongs
to God Himself. But any matter
that is too difficult for you, bring to
me, and I will hear it."
1 Euphrates. — F. F.
I instructed you also at that time
as to what things you ought to do.
Then we marched from Horeb and
proceeded through all that great and
terrible desert, which you saw on the
way to the Hills of the Amorites,
when our Ever-living God com-
manded us to advance to Kadesh-
Barnea, where I said, " You are now
arrived at the Hills of the Amorites,
which our Ever-living God has
given us. Look! your Ever-living
God has provided the country before
you to possess. Go up, seize it as
the Ever-living God of your fathers
commands you, — fear not nor be
terrified.*' But all of you approached
me, asking to send men before you
to examine the country, and to report
to you about the road by which you
could go up to it ; and about the
cities that you were to go to. And
the request seemed good in my
opinion, and I appointed twelve
princes, — one from each tribe ; — and
they turned and went up to the hills,
and descended to the vale of Eshkol,
and slandered it. But they took into
their hands some of tha produce of
the country and came back to us, and
reported the matter, saying ; " It is a
beautiful country that our Ever-
living God has given us." But you
were not willing to go up ; and
rebelled against the order of your
Ever-living God ; and murmured
in your tents and exclaimed, " Because
the Ever-living hated us He brought
us out of the land of the Mitzeraim,
and would give us into the hands of
the Amorites to destroy us ! — Alas for
our advance ! Our brothers have de-
pressed our hearts, by saying they
are a people finer and taller than us !
Their cities are large and fortified up
to the skies ; and we also saw the
sons of Anak there ! "
But I replied to you, " Be not terri-
fied, nor fear them. Your Ever-liv-
ing God Who goes before you, He will
fight for you, in the way He did in
your sight among the Mitzeraim, and
in the desert where you saw how the
EVER-LIVING carried you as a woman
carries her child, along all the way
that you went, until He brought you
to this spot." But on that occasion
1 'J
23
26
-7
3i
I7I
1-33
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
you were not relying upon your
33 Ever-lining God, Who marched
before you in the journey to choose
your encampments, as a fire at night,
to show the way you should go, and
34 as a cloud by day. And the Ever-
living heard the sound of your
words and was angry, and swore,
35 saying; "This vile generation shall
never see the beautiful land which I
promised to give to their fathers ;
36 only Caleb the son of Jefunah shall
see it ; and I will give to him and
his sons the country which he
travelled through, for he went up
confidently, following the Ever-
37 living." The Ever-living was also
angry with me on account of you, !
and said, "You shall not go there!
38 Joshua the son of Nun, your lieuten-
ant, shall go. Encourage him, for he
39 shall put Israel into possession. But
your infants whom you said would
be captured ; and your sons who
to-day know neither good nor evil, —
they shall go there and I will give it
to them, and they shall possess it.
40 But you, turn back and march to the
desert, towards the sea of Suf ! "
41 Then you were grieved and replied ;
" We have sinned against the Ever-
living ! — We will now go up and
conquer, according to all that the
Ever-living God commanded ! "
And each one of you put on arms,
42 and went up to the hill. But the
Ever-living said to me, "Order
them, Go not up, and fight not, for I
am not with you ; — therefore you will
fly before your enemies."
43 So I spoke to you, but you would
not hear, and you rebelled against
the order of the Ever-living, and
were insolent, and went up to the
44 Hill, — and the Amorites who occupied
the Hill advanced against you, and
drove you, like bees would do, and
routed you like a tempest to the
45 valley. So you returned, and wept
before the Ever-living. But the
Ever-living would not hear your
46 voice, nor listened. Consequently
you were detained at Kadesh for
many days. You remained there a
2 long time ; until you turned back
and marched to the desert towards
the Sea of Suf, as the Ever-living
commanded me, and wandered about
the hills of Sair a long time.
2 At last the Ever-living said to
3 me; "You have wandered about
this hill enough ! Turn to the north,
and command the People saying to 4
them, ' Pass over the borders of your
brothers, the sons of Esau, who dwell
in Sair. But they will be afraid of
you, so carefully guard yourselves.
And injure them not; for I will not 5
give you a foot's space of their country,
because I have given Mount Sair to
Esau as a possession. You must 6
buy food from them with money, and
eat it ; and also purchase water from
them for money, and drink it ; for 7
your Ever-living God has blessed
you in every work of your hand,
whilst you travelled this great desert
these forty years ; your Ever-living
God has been with you, and you
have wanted for nothing.'" You 8
consequently passed by your brothers
the sons of Esau, who occupy Sair,
by the road of the Arabah, to Ailath,
and Atzian-gaber, where you turned
off and traversed the road of the
desert of Moab.
There the Ever-living said to 9
me, " Do not trouble Moab, but keep
yourselves from fighting. Turn, for
I have not granted you his country,
because I have given Ar to the sons
of Lot as a possession." 1
Then you arose and passed the 13
Vale of Yared, and at the passage of
the Vale of Yared, including the 14
period of the march from Kadesh-
Barnea, until the time you crossed
the Vale of Yared, was thirty-eight
years, until all the generation of
fighting men belonging to the camp
were dead, as the Ever-living
threatened them. For the hand of 15
the Ever-living was against them
to destroy them out of the camp until
they perished. And when all the 16
fighting men had died from among
the People, then the Ever-living 17
spoke to me, and said, " Now cross 18
1 Vv. 10 to 13 are an ancient editor's note,
not a part of the text of Moses. It was pro-
bably added by Ezra, when he edited the
Pentateuch, after the return from Babylon,
as all the other notes which I consequently
transfer to the foot of the pages. — F. F.
(The Aniini formerly occupied it, a 10
great and numerous nation, and tall, like
Anakim; they considered themselves also n
to be Rephaim like the Anakim, — but the
Moabites called them Amim And the 12
Khorites dwelt in Sair before them, but
the sons of Esau expelled them, and drove
them from the place, and occupied it in
their stead, as the children of Israel did
in the country they seized which the
Ever-living gave to them.)
172
2— ig
DEUTERONOMY.
3— 10
over to-day the boundaries of Moab
19 at Ar. But when you approach the
sons of Anion, neither distress nor
hurt them, for I will not give the
country of the sons of Anion to you
to possess, for I have given it to the
sons of Lot as a possession.1
24 "Rise! march! and cross the River
Arnon ! See ! I have given you Sihon,
King of Heshbon, the Amorite, and
his country to break, assail, and
25 defeat it in war! I have broken him
this day, — putting the dread and fear
of you upon the face of the nations,
under every sky, who may hear the
reports about you. They tremble
and faint before you ! "
26 Then I sent ambassadors from
the desert of the East to Sihon,
King of Heshbon with proposals of
peace, and said ; —
27 "I wish to pass across your country
by the king's highway, I will not
28 march many days, or deviate. You
shall sell food for money, and I will
eat it ; and pay money for the water
you give and I drink it. I only
29 wish to pass over on my feet. Do to
me as the sons of Esau did who dwell
in Sair, and the Moabites who inhabit
Ar, until I have crossed the Jordan,
to the land which our EVER-LIVING
God has given us."
30 But Sihon, King of Heshbon was
not willing you should cross over
him, for your Ever-living God had
stupefied his mind, and emboldened
his heart, that by it He might give
him into your hand, as He has now
done.
31 The Ever-living God also said ;
" See ! I have begun to give up Sihon
and his country before you ; seize it !
take his land for a possession ! "
1 Vv. 20 to end of 23 are a note of an ancient
editor, probablv Ezra, not part of the original
text of Moses.— F. F.
20 (This also was considered a country
of the Rephaim, because the Rephaim
resided there formerly, but the Amorites
21 called them Yim-yimim. They were a
great and numerous people, like the
Anakim, but the Ever-living destroyed
them before those, who drove them out,
22 and inhabited in their place ; as He did
for the sons of Esau who occupy Mount
Sair, who expelled the Khorites formerly,
and drove them out, and dwell in their
23 place until this day. The Avites also
resided in the fortresses until the power-
ful Kaphtorites came from Kaphtor and
defeated them, and they reside after
them.)
Then Sihon advanced to meet us, 32
he and all his force to fight at Jahaz.
But our Ever-living God delivered 33
him to us ; and struck him and his
son and all his forces ; and at that 34
time we captured all his towns, and
devoted all his cities, nor allowed the
men, women or children to escape.
Beside the cattle we seized for our- 35
selves, and the plunder of the cities
which we captured ; from Aroar on 36
the banks of the Arnon, and the
towns in the valley, and as far as
Gilad — there was not a city that was
too strong for us, — our Ever-living
God delivered the whole to our
approach ! The whole extent of the 37
country of the Ammonites, all along
the vale of Jabbok, with the towns of
the Highlands, and all thatour Ever-
living God commanded.
Then we turned and went up to- 3
wards Bashan, and Og, king of
Bashan advanced to meet us with all
his forces, to fight at Adarai.
Then the Ever-living said to me, 2
— " Fear him not, for I have given
him into your power, with all his
forces, and his country ; and you
shall do to him as you did to Sihon,
king of the Amorites, who lived in
Heshbon."
So our Ever-living God also 3
subjected to us Og, king of Bashan
and all his forces, until not a rem-
nant remained to him. We also cap- 4
tured all his towns, in the same
campaign ; — there was not a city we
did not take, — from the sixty towns
in the district of Argob, to the capital
of Og in Bashan. — All which towns 5
were fortified with high walls, gates
and bars, — beside a great many
towns of the Perizites. We devoted 6
them as we did to Sihon, king of
Heshbon ; — we devoted every city,
men, women and children ; and all 7
the cattle, and plunder of those
towns we seized for ourselves. We 8
thus took, in the same campaign,
their country from the possession of
the two kings of the Amorites which
are this side of the Jordan, extending
from the vale of Arnon to the Hill of
Hermon.1 All the towns of the 10
Uplands, and all Gilad, and all
1 V. 9. The parenthesis is the note of an
ancient commentator, probably Ezra's, not
part of the original text.— F F.
(The Zidonians call Hermon, Shirion, 9
and the Amorites call it Shenir.
*73
12
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
4-7
Bashan, to Salkah, and Adarai ; —
towns of the dominions of Og in
12 Bashan.1 These countries you con-
quered in that campaign, extending
from Aroer which is on the river
Anion. And the half of Mount
Gilad was given to the Reubenites
13 and Gadites. But the remainder of
Gilad and all Bashan, with the
dominions of Og, I gave to the half
tribe of Manasseh ; — all the plain of
Argob, and all Bashan which is
called the land of the Rephaim.
14 Yair the son of Manasseh took all the
district of Argob, as far as the borders
of the Gheshurites and the Makath-
ites, and he called them after his own
15 name; — Yair's Towns.- — But I gave
16 Gilad to Makir. To the Reubenites
and Gadites I also gave a part of
Gilad, to the middle of the vale of
Arnon, the valley as a boundary as
far as Jabok, with its valley to the
17 border of, the Ammonites; and the
plain of the Jordan as a boundary,
from Kineroth as far as the Sea of
the Plain, — the Dead Sea, — down to
the hill-foot of Pisgah, from the east.
18 But I commanded you at the time,
saying, " Your Ever-living God has
given you this country to possess, but
you must march fully equipped in
the front of your brothers the chil-
dren of Israel, with all your forces.
19 However the women and children,
and cattle, (for I know you have
manj- cattle,) may remain in the
20 cities which I have given you, until
the Ever-living has settled your
brothers like yourselves, and they
are also in possession of the country
which their Ever-living God will
give to them, beyond the Jordan ;
then you may each return."
21 I also commanded Joshua at that
time, saying, " Your eyes have seen
all that your Ever-living God has
done to these two kings ; — the Ever-
1 V. 11, in parentheses, is an ancient editor's
note, probably Ezra's, not part of the speech
of Moses.— F. F.
1 1 (Og, king of Bashan was of the remnant
of the race of the Rephaim. He can be seen
lying upon a couch of iron which is pre-
served in Rabath of the Ammonites. Its
length is nine cubits, and breadth four
cubits, by the common cubit.)
2 The parenthesis is the note of an old
Hebrew editor, not part of the oration of
Moses.— F. F.
(As they are to this day.)
living will do the same to all the
kingdoms which are over there.
Fear them not, for your Ever-living 22
God will fight for you."
And at that time I implored the 23
Ever-living, saying, "Almighty 24
Lord You have now begun to show
to Your servant Your grandeur, and
Your Strong Hand. What POWER
in Heaven or on earth can do as You
have done with Your Might ? Let 25
me, I pray, go over, and see this
beautiful country that is beyond the
Jordan ; — those beautiful hills and
Lebanon!" But the Ever-living 26
was angry with me because of you,
and would not listen to me, and the
Ever-living said to me, — " Let this
be enough for you. Continue not to
speak to Me again about this matter.
Go up to the top of Pisgah, and carry 27
your eyes westward, and northward,
and southward, and eastward, and
see it with your eyes ; — for you shall
not pass over this river Jordan.
" Therefore command Joshua, and 28
encourage, and strengthen him, for
he shall go over before the people,
and he shall conquer for them the
country that you will survey."
We were then staying, in the
valley near Beth-peor.
Consequently, now, Israel, listen 4
to the constitutions and decrees
which I will teach you to practise;
that you may live, and go, and pos-
sess the country which the Ever-
living God of your fathers will
give you. You shall not add to the 2
matter that I command you, nor
shall you detract from it, but keep
the commands of your Ever-living
God, as I have commanded you.
Your eyes saw what the Ever-living 3
did because of Bal-peor, — how the
Ever-living destroyed every man
who went after Bal-peor among you.
But you who kept fast to your Ever- 4
LIVING God are all of you alive to-
day!
Attend to me as I teach you the 5
constitutions and decrees which the
Ever-living, my God, commands
you to practise when you arrive in
the country which you are going to
possess, and guard them, and prac- 6
tise them ; — for they will make you
wise and intelligent in the eyes of
the Peoples who hear of all these
constitutions, who will say; "This is
a wise and intelligent People — this
Great Nation ! " For what nation is 7
174
DEUTERONOMY
4-33
so great as to possess gods in its
breast? As our Ever-living God
8 is to us in all we ask of Him ? And
what nation is so great ? possessing
institutions and decrees like these
laws that I put before you to-day ?
9 Only guard yourselves, and guard
your lives carefully, from forgetting
the events that your eyes have seen,
and from turning your heart away
all the days of your life ; and teach
them to your children, and to your
children's children.
io Upon the day when you stood be-
fore your Ever-living God at Horeb,
when the Ever-living commanded
me, " Collect the People to Me, and
I will let them hear what they must
learn, so that they may fear Me all
the time they live on the earth, and
ii teach their children." So you ap-
proached and stood below the hill,
whilst the hill burned with fire up to
the heart of the skies, with darkness,
12 cloud, and gloom. There the Ever-
living spoke to you from the midst
of the fire. You heard a Voice
speaking to you ! — but no Image ap-
13 pearing ! A Voice alone ! — And it
informed you of the Covenant which
He commanded you to practise ; —
the Ten Commandments, — and wrote
them upon two tables of stone.
14 But to me, the Ever - living
ordered at that time to teach you the
constitutions and decrees, which you
were to practise in the land into
which you would pass, to possess it.
15 Therefore you must guard your
minds very carefully, — for you did
not see any Shape on the day the
Ever-living spoke with you in
Horeb from the midst of the fire, —
from wickedly making for yourselves
a carved Shape, — any Image ; or
model of Man or Woman ; or form
of any beast that is upon the earth ;
form of any bird which flies in the
18 sky; form of any reptile on the
ground ; form of any fish that is in
the waters lower than the earth ; —
19 Or, if you raise your eyes heaven-
ward, and see the sun, or the moon,
or the stars, — all the host of the
skies, — and bow to, and worship
them, and serve those which your
Ever-living God has apportioned
to all the nations under all the skies:
20 —For the Ever-living selected you,
and brought you from the iron works
of the Mitzeraim, to be a People for
21 Himself, — as you are to-day. But
16
17
the Ever-lining was angry with me
over your affairs, and swore to pre-
vent me crossing the Jordan, and to
prevent me arriving at the beautiful
country which your Ever-living
God has given to you to possess !
For I must die in this country, — I 22
may not pass over the Jordan ! — but
you will pass over, and possess that
beautiful land !
Guard yourselves from forgetting 23
the covenant of your Ever-living
God, which He contracted with you,
for fear you should make for your^
selves a carved image, — contrary to
the command of your Ever-living
God; for your Ever-lining God is 24
a consuming fire ; — He is a jealous
God!
When you have begotten children 25
and children's children, and are in
the country, and have corrupted
yourselves, and make carved images,
and do evil in the eyes of your Ever-
living God, provoking Him ; — I call 26
to witness to-day the Heavens and
the Earth to witness to you, that
perishing you shall perish quickly
from off the land which you pass
over the Jordan to possess ; — your
time shall not be prolonged in it ; —
but you shall certainly waste away ;
and the Ever-living will scatter
you among the nations, and your
remnant shall die as a number among
the nations where the Ever-living
has driven you. And you shall there
serve gods made by human hands ! —
of wood, and stone ; who cannot see,
or hear, or eat, or breathe ! But if
you should from there entreat your
Ever-living God, and decide to
seek Him with all your heart, and
with all your soul, — strengthen your-
selves, and encourage yourselves
with all these events, after long
periods, and return to your Ever-
living God, and listen to His voice ;
— for your Ever-living God is a
merciful GOD ; — He will not desert
you, and will not turn from you, and
will not forget the covenant with
your fathers, which He swore to
them. — Therefore search, now, the 32
former times that were before you, —
from the time when God constructed
man upon the earth, — and from one
extreme of the heavens to the other
extreme of the heavens, — has there
ever been such a great event as this ?
— or has there been heard its like ? —
a People who heard the Voice of 33
^7
30
3i
*75
3 \
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
4-48
God speaking from amid the fire, as
34 you heard it, — and lived ? or that God
attempted to go and take for Himself
one nation from the breast of another
nation, with trials, with miracles, and
portents, and war, and with a strong
hand, and a directing arm, and great
manifestations, such as all those your
Kyer-liying God has made in your
sight upon the Mitzeraim for you ?
35 Then see, and learn that the Ever-
living is God, — and except Him
36 None ! — From the heavens you have
heard His Voice !— when He taught
you, — and upon earth you have seen
His Great Fire ! — and heard His
commands from the midst of the
37 fire ; because He loved your fathers,
and chose their race after them, and
l Vv. 41 — 43 are a note of an ancient editor,
not a part of the text of Moses. This note
was most probably written by Ezra. — F. F.
41 (At this period Moses selected three
cities over the Jordan towards the sun-
42 rise, for the man-slayer, who might kill his
neighbour accidentally, whom he had not
previously hated, to fly to, — that he might
fly to one of those Cities of God and live.
43 They were Betzer in the desert in the dis-
trict of Misher, for the Reubenites, and
Ramoth in Ghilad. for the Gadites, and
Golam in Bashan, for the Manassites.)2
•-! Vv. 44—48 are also a note of an ancient
editor, probably Ezra, as the remark that
Moses was on the Eastern side of Jordan
indicates the commentator as looking from
the Western side — say, Jerusalem. All these
are internal proofs of the authenticity of the
main text. — F, F.
brought you by His great might to
His Presence from among the Mit-
zeraim, and will drive great and 3.8
more powerful nations than you
before your face, to bring you to, —
to give you, — their country as a pos-
session,— as at this day ! Therefore 39
learn to-day, — and fix it in your
heart,— that the Ever-living, He is
God in heaven, and upon the earth,
— and except Him there is no other !
— So keep His institutions, and His 40
commandments, which I commanded
you to-day, that you may prosper,
and your children after you ; —
and then your days will be long
upon the land which your Ever-
living God will give to you for all
time. x
\
(These were appointed there by Moses 44
for the children of Israel.
The following are also Constitutional 45
Enactments, and Decrees, which Moses
dictated to the children of Israel at their
coming out from the Mitzeraim. at the 46
ford of the Jordan, in the valley opposite
Beth-peor, in the country of Sihon, king
of the Amorites, who resided in Heshbon,
whom Moses and the children of Israel
defeated upon their coming out from the
Mitzeraim, when they seized his country, 47
and the country of Og, king of Bashan,
both kings of the Amorites. who were
beyond the Jordan, toward the rising of
the sun, extending from Aroar, which is 48
upon the bank of the river Arnon, to the
Hill of Shian, — that is Hermon, - and all
the plain beyond the Jordan towards the
sun-rise, and to the Sea of the Plain, below
the feet of Pisgah.)
End of the First Oration.
176
5~i
DEUTERONOMY.
5 — 27
SPEECH II,
otuott the Colrntnitt of ^htrtt.
5 Moses again assembled all Israel
and said to them ; —
Listen, Israel, to the constitutions
and decrees which I proclaim in your
hearing to-day, — both to learn them,
and preserve them by practising.
2 Our Ever-living God contracted
3 a covenant with us in Horeb. Not
with our fathers did the Ever-
living contract that covenant, but
with us, ourselves ; those in this place,
4 all of us alive to-day. The Ever-
living spoke face to face with
you at the Hill, from the midst of
the fire.
5 I stood between the EVER-LIVING
and you at that time to report to you
the dictation of the EVER-LIVING,
for you were afraid at the presence
of the fire, and could not ascend to
Him, and He said ; —
6 I. " I am your Ever-living God
Who brought you out of the land of
Egypt, — from the house of bondage.
You shall have no other gods in My
place.
7 II. " You shall not make for your-
selves an Image, — any likeness of
what is in the heavens above, or what
8 is on the earth beneath ; or what is
in the waters lower than the land.
g You shall not bow down to them nor
serve them, for I, your Ever-living
God, am a jealous God, punishing
the sins of the parents upon their
children to the third and fourth
generation, of those who hate Me ;
10 but I show mercy to thousands of
generations of those who love Me
and keep My commandments.
11 III. " You shall not take the Name
of your Ever-living God in vain,
for the Ever-living will not hold
him guiltless who takes His Name in
vain.
12 IV. " Regard the Sabbath Day to
keep it holy ; as the Ever-living
13 God commanded you. You may
labour six days and do all your busi-
14 ness, but the seventh day is a rest
to your Ever-living God ; you shall
not do any business upon it ; — you,
or your son, or your daughter, or
your servant, or your handmaid, or
your ox, or your ass, or any of your
P. I
cattle, or your hired man, who may
be in your house, — because your
workmen, and your maid servant
shall rest like yourself. Remember 15
also that you were slaves in the land
of the Mitzeraim, but your Ever-
living God brought you out from
there with a strong hand, and a
directing arm, — therefore your Ever-
living God commanded you to make
the Day of Rest.
V. " Honour your father and your 16
mother, as your Ever-living God
commanded you, so that your days
may be lengthened, and that you
may prosper upon the land which
your Ever-living God gives to you.
VI. " You shall not murder. 17
VII. " You shall not fornicate. 18
VIII. " You shall not steal. 19
IX. " You shall not bring up false 20
evidence against your neighbour.
X. " You shall not covet your neigh- 21
hour's wife ; you shall not long for
your neighbour's farm, or his slave,
or his handmaid, his ox, or his ass,
or anything that is your neighbour's."
The Ever-living dictated these 22
commands to the whole assembly of
you, from the midst of the fire, of the
cloud, and of the gloom; — a Great
, Voice, — and did not desist there, but
wrote them upon two tables of stone,
and gave them to me.
But when you heard the VOICE 23
from the midst of the darkness, and
the mountain burning with fire, —
then all the Chiefs of your tribes, and
your nobles approached to me, and 24
said ; —
" Now we have seen our Ever-
living God ;— His Majesty and His
Greatness; — and have heard His
Voice, His Voice from the midst of
the fire to-day. We have seen that
God can speak with mankind, and
lives. Therefore, now, why should 25
we die ? For this Great Fire will
consume us, if we ourselves remain
longer to hear the Voice of our Ever-
living God, — we shall die, for who 26
is there of any race who has heard
; the Voice of the Living God speaking
J from the midst of the fire, like us,
and has lived ? Go yourself near 27
i and listen to all that our Ever-living
God says, and then report to us all
77
N
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
6-25
that our Ever-living God dictates
to you, and we will listen to it, and
do it."
28 And the Ever-living heard the
voice of your speeches when you
spoke to me, and the Ever-living
said to me ; — " I have heard the voice
of thisPeople speaking to you. All
29 they have said is beautiful ! What
would I give if there were such a
heart in them to attend to Me, and to
keep all My commands for all time ?
Then there would be prosperity to
them and to all their children for
30 ever ! — Go ! tell them to return to
31 their tents. But you, stay here, and I
will dictate to you all My Commands,
and the Constitutions, and Decrees,
which you must teach them to prac-
tise in the country which I will give
32 them to possess. ' ' Therefore you must
practise them as your Ever-living
God commanded you ; — you shall not
turn away to the right or the left.
33 You shall walk in every way as your
Ever-living God commanded you,
so that you may live, and prosper,
and lengthen your days in the country
which you shall possess.
6 And these are the commands, and
constitutions, and decrees which
your Ever-living God commands
you to learn to practise in the land to
which you will pass over to possess.
2 So you must fear your Ever-living
God, and preserve all the Constitu-
tions, and Commandments, which I
command you ; — you and your chil-
dren, and the children of your chil-
3 dren, all the time of your life. Listen,
therefore, Israel ! and keep and prac-
tise them, — so that you may prosper,
and so that you may increase greatly,
as your Ever-living God promised
to your fathers, — upon entering into
the land flowing with milk and
honey !
4 Listen, Israel ! Our Ever-living
5 God is a Single Life. Therefore
love your Ever-living God with all
your heart, and with all your soul,
6 and with all your strength. And let
these words that I command you to-
7 day be in your heart ; and teach
them to your sons, and speak about
them when sitting in your house, —
and in travelling on your journeys, —
and when lying down, — and when
8 rising up. Bind them also as orna-
ments upon your hands, and as front-
9 lets between your eyes, and write
them upon the doors of your house,
and upon your gates. And then when 10
your Ever-living God brings you
to the country which He promised to
your fathers, — to Abraham, to Isaac,
and to Jacob, — to give to you great
and beautiful cities that you built
not ; and houses full of furniture that 1 1
you did not make ; and many for-
tresses which you did not fortify ; vine-
yards and olive yards which you did
not plant ; — where you may eat and
be satisfied, — take care to yourselves 12
lest you forget the Ever-living Who
brought you from the land of the
Mitzeraim, — from the house of bond-
age !
Fear your Ever-living God, and 13
serve Him, and swear by His Name.
You must not go after other gods, 14
— than God ; — those of the Peoples
around you, — for your Ever-living 15
God is a jealous God. Guard your-
selves lest the anger of your Ever-
living God should burn against you,
and He should destroy you from off
the face of the land.
You shall not try your Ever- 16
living God, as you tried Him in
Masah. You shall carefully preserve 17
the commands of your Ever-living
God, and His proofs, and His con-
stitutions that He ordered you. And 18
you shall practise Justice, and Right
in the sight of the Ever-living, so
that you may prosper and possess
that beautiful country where the
Ever-living promised to your
fathers to repulse all your enemies 19
before you ; — as the Ever-living
will do.
When your son enquires of you 20
hereafter, asking; "Why did the
Ever-living God order these Proofs
and Constitutions and Decrees for
you ? " You shall answer to your son ; 21
— " We were slaves to Pharohin Mit-
zeraim, and the Ever-living brought
us out from among the Mitzerites
with a strong hand. And the Ever- 22
living produced great wonders, and
portents, and inflicted sufferings on
the Mitzerites, upon Pharoh and
upon all his family in our sight ; but 23
brought us from there, and brought
us up to give us this country which
He had promised to our fathers.
Therefore the Ever-living com- 24
manded us to practise all these con-
stitutions, and to fear our Ever-
living God, for our benefit, all the
time of our lives, — as at this day.
And it is right for us that we should 25
[78
DEUTERONOMY. .
7-25
continue to practise the whole of
these commands before our Ever-
living God, as He commanded us."
7 For your Ever-living God will
bring you to the country which you
are now going to seize, to plunder
nations more numerous than your-
selves,— the Khithites and the Gher-
gashites and the Amorites, and the
Cananites, and the Perizites, and the
Hivites, and the Jebusites — seven
nations more numerous and stronger
2 than yourselves, whom your Ever-
living God will deliver up before
you, and you will defeat them.
Destroy them, and make no treaty
with them ; and do not pity them !
3 Do not marry with them ; give not
your daughter to his son, nor take
4 his daughter for your son, — for it
will turn your heart from following
Me, and you will serve other gods ;
— when the anger of the Ever-
living will burn against you, and
5 He will destroy you quickly. Conse-
quently you shall do this to them ; —
you shall throw down their altars ;
and break their columns ; and smash
their shrines ; and melt their cast
6 images in the fire ; because you are
a People devoted to your Ever-
living God. Your Ever-living
God chose you to be a People for
Himself, — separated from all the
Peoples who are upon the face of
7 the earth ! — Has He not increased
you more than all the Peoples ? The
Ever-living did not unite with you
because you were the most numerous
of the Peoples, — but chose you when
you were the least of all the Peoples ;
8 and the Ever-living loved you be-
cause of keeping the oath which He
swore to your fathers, — therefore the
Ever-living brought you out with a
strong hand, and freed you from the
House of Bondage, from the hand of
Pharoh king of the Mitzeraim !
9 Therefore know that the Ever-
living is God ; — the God Who faith-
fully keeps His covenant, and shows
favour to those who love Him and
regard His commands, for a thousand
10 generations ; but repays His enemies,
those who hate Him, to their face, by
destroying them. He will not delay
to repay those who hate Him to their
1 1 face. Therefore preserve the Com-
mandments, and the Constitutions,
and the Decrees which I command
you to-day, and practise them.
12 For there will be a reward if you
listen to these decrees, and preserve,
and practise them, — for your Ever-
living God will keep the covenant,
and the favour which He promised to
your fathers, and will love you, and
bless you, and increase the fruit of
your body, and the fruit of your
grounds ; your corn, your wine, and
your oil ; — your cattle shall breed,
and your sheep bring forth upon the
ground which He promised to your
fathers to give to you ! You shall be
more blessed than any People !
Neither male nor female shall be
sterile among you, nor your cattle
barren. And the Ever-living will
turn from you every disease and sick-
ness of the Mitzerites, — the sufferings
that you know ; — He will not lay them
upon you, but will put them on
all who hate you ; therefore you shall
consume all the Peoples whom your
Ever-living God gives to you.
Your eye shall not have pity on them ;
— nor serve their gods, for they will
be your snare.
If, however, your heart should say
to you, " These nations are more
numerous than I, — I am not able to
dispossess them ; " fear them not !
Remember what your Ever-living
God did to Pharoh and to all the
Mitzerites ; — the.great calamities that
your eyes saw, and the Wonders, and
the portents, and the strong hand,
and the directing arm with which your
Ever-living God brought you out !
Your Ever-living God will do the
same to all the Peoples before whom
you are afraid ! Your Ever-living
God will also send upon them fever,
to destroy the remnants who hide
themselves from you ! You shall not
be pursued by them, for your Ever-
living God is among you, — aGREAT
God of Light. Your Ever-living
God, however, will drive these nations
before you little by little, — you shall
not be able to master them quickly,
for fear the beasts of the field should
multiply upon you. But your Ever-
living God will displace them before
you, and dissolve with much con-
fusion until they perish. And He
will deliver their kings to your hand,
and you shall destroy their names
from under the skies ; — not a man
can stand before you, until you have
desolated them. You shall burn
their carved gods with fire. You
shall not desire the gold and silver
they are made of, or take it for
179 N 2
13
23
^4
25
7—26
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
8-20
yourselves, for fear you should be en-
snared by it; for you must serve the
Ever-living, — He is your God ; —
26 therefore you shall not bring their
foul practices into your house,— but
you shall be pure, — for what con-
taminated them will contaminate
you ; and what defiled them will
defile you. — Therefore be pure.
8 You must regard all the commands,
that I order you to-day, in practice,
so that you may live and increase,
and go to seize the country that the
Ever-living promised to your
2 fathers. But remember how all the
way your Ever-living God led you
these forty years in the desert, to try
you, to prove you, to examine you.
whether you would keep His Com-
mands from your heart or not.
3 Therefore He afflicted you, and
hungered you, and fed you with
mana, which you had not known, —
nor had your fathers known, — so
that He might teach you " that man
lives not by bread alone, — but that
man lives by all that comes from
the mouth of the Ever-living."
4 Your clothes were not rags, nor your
feet shoeless in those forty years ;
5 and you knew in your heart that as a
man instructs his son, your Ever-
6 living God instructed you; there-
fore keep the Commands of your
Ever-living God, and walk in His
7 paths, and fear Him ; for your Ever-
Living God brings you to this beau-
tiful land, — a land of brooks of water,
springs, and torrents, coming out of
8 the valleys, and out of the hills ; — a
country of wheat and barley, and
vines and figs, and pomegranates ; a
9 land of olive oil and honey ! A
country where you will not eat from
stores ! Bread shall never fail at all
in it. A land where the rocks have
iron, and from whose hills you can
dig copper ! Y\ 'here you can eat and
fill yourselves, and bless your Ever-
living God over the beautiful land
He has given to you !
Take care of yourselves lest you
should forget the Ever-living, your
GOD. Only keep His Commandments,
and Decrees, and Institutions, which
I command you to-day, for fear when
you eat and are lull, and have built
yourselves beautiful houses, and reside
in them, and your cattle, and your
sheep multiply, and your silver and
gold have increased, and all your pos-
sessions have grown, — and your heart
rises, — then you might forget your
Ever-living God Who brought you
up out of the land of the Mitzeraim,
— from the House of Bondage. Who
led you through this great desert
where you saw the fiery serpents and
scorpions, and the dry waterless land,
— where He brought you water from
the flinty rock, — feeding you in the
desert with mana which neither you
nor your fathers had known ; — so that
He might try you, with the purpose
of ultimately benefiting.
You, however, may say to your
heart, " I have obtained this power
by my own courage, and the vigour
of my hands." — Yet remember it was
your Ever-Living God Who gave
you that courage, and granted that
power, so that He might establish the
covenant which He swore to your
fathers, — as He does to-day.
But if ever it comes that you forget
your Ever-living God, and go after
other gods, and serve and worship
them, — I bear witness to you to-
day, that you shall perish, like the
nations the Ever-living destroyed
from before you, — thus you shall
perish, — because you did not listen
to the voice of your Ever-living
God.
1 9
End of the Second Oration.
180
9-i
DEUTERONOMY.
SPEECH III.
Wtljn iloracl luns (Sljosen.
9 Listen, Israel ! you are about to
cross the Jordan to seize nations
greater and more powerful than
yourself, great cities fortified up to
2 the skies! A People great and tall,
sons of the Anakim whom you know,
and of whom you said, " Who can
3 stand before the sons of Anak ! " But
I bear witness to-day that your Ever-
living God, Who goes before you as
a consuming fire, He will devas-
tate them, and He will defeat them
before you, and you shall drive
out and destroy them from the hills,
as the EVER-LIVING commanded you.
4 When your Ever-living God has
driven them away from you, think
not to say to your heart, " For my
righteousness, the Ever-living has
brought me to possess this country ;
therefore the Ever-living has
driven out the nations who possessed
it before me ! "
5 Not for your righteousness, nor for
the rectitude of your heart did you
come to possess their country, but
because of the wickedness of those
nations your Ever-living God
drove them out before you ; and for
the same reason He established the
covenant which He swore to your
fathers, — to Abraham, to Isaac, and
6 to Jacob.— Consequently learn that
your Ever-living God has not
given you to possess that beautiful
country because of your righteous-
ness;— for you are a stiff-necked
7 people. Remember ! forget not how
you have provoked your EVER-LIVING
God in the desert, from the day He
brought you out of the land of the
Mitzeraim, until you arrived at this
spot, — you have been rebels against
8 the Ever-living! In Horeb also
you provoked the Ever-living ; and
the Ever-living was angry with you
9 to destroy you, when I went up the
mountain to receive the two tables of
stone, — the Tables of the Covenant
which the Ever-living made with
you ; — when I stayed forty days and
forty nights, eating no bread and
io drinking no water; when the Ever-
living gave to me the two tables of
stone, written by the finger of God ;
and upon them, all the Command-
ments which the EVER-LIVING dic-
tated to you on the Hill, from the
midst of the fire, at the time of the
public assembly. And there, at the
end of forty days and forty nights,
the Ever-living gave to me the two
tables of stone ;— the Tables of the
Covenant.
When the Ever-living said to
me, " Arise ! Go down from this
Hill ! — for your People, whom I
brought out from among the .Mitzer-
aim, have gone to.corruption ! They
have turned quickly from what I
commanded them. They have cast
an Idol for themselves ! "
The Ever-living also spoke to
me saying, " I have observed this
people, and see that it is a perverse
people. Fly from Me, and I will
destroy and sweep their name from
under the heavens, and I will make
from you a powerful nation, and a
greater than they."
I consequently turned and de-
scended from the Hill, and the
Hill burnt with fire. But the two
tables of stone were in my two hands.
Then I looked and perceived that you
had sinned against your Ever-living
God, having made for yourselves a
Cast-metal Calf, — turning yourselves
soon from the path which the EVER-
living commanded you. So I raised
the two tables, and threw them from
my two hands, and broke them in
your sight.
I afterwards fell before the Ever-
living, as at first, for forty days and
forty nights ; I ate no bread nor
drank water, because of all the sin
that you had sinned, in doing wrong
in the sight of the EVER-LIVING, to
provoke Him ; for I was afraid in the
presence of the anger and indignation
which stirred the Ever-living
against you to destroy you ; but my
Ever-living God heard me again
at that time. The Ever-living,
also, was very angry with Aaron, and
would have destroyed him, but I
prayed at the same time for Aaron
himself; and your sin, — the calf that
you had made, — I took and melted
in fire, and beat it, grinding as small
as fine dust, and threw the dust upon
n
9 -22
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
IO—19
the brook that flowed from the
22 Hill. At Thabarah again, and at
Masah, and Kibroth-Hathavah, you
23 were provoking the Ever-living.
And when the Ever-living sent
to you at Kadesh-Barnea, an order,
saying, " Go up and seize the
country which I have given you,"
again you rebelled against the order
of your Ever-living God, and
were not true to Him, and would
24 not listen to His voice. You were
always rebels from the EVER-LIV-
25 ing, from the day I knew you !
I fell, however, before the Ever-
living for those forty days and
those forty nights, — I fell down, —
because the Ever-living said He
26 would destroy you. But I prayed
to the Ever-living and said, " Al-
mightv Lord, do not wreck Your
People, and Your inheritance, whom
You redeemed by Your greatness,
— whom You brought up from the
Mitzeraim with a strong hand.
27 Remember your servants Abraham,
and Isaac, and Jacob. Turn not to
afflict this People for its wickedness
28 and for its sin ; lest the country from
which You brought them should
say ; " Because the Ever-living was
not able to bring them to the land
which He promised, and because He
hated them He brought them out to
29 kill them in the desert. They are
also Your People, and Your Inherit-
ance, whom You brought out by Your
Great Power, and with a directing
arm."
10 Then the Ever-living said to me,
"Cut two tables of stone, like the
former ones, and come up to Me to
the Hill. Also make an ark of wood.
2 And I will write upon the tables the
Commandments that were upon the
former tables, that you broke, and
3 you can put them in the ark." I
consequently made an ark of acacia
wood, and cut two tables of stone,
like the first ones, and ascended the
Hill with the two tables in my hands,
4 and He wrote upon the tables the
same writing as upon the former
ones, — the Ten Commandments, —
which your Ever-living God pro-
claimed on the Hill, from amid the
fire, on the day of the Public
Assembly. Then the Ever-living
5 gave them to me. So I turned
and descended from the Hill, and
placed the two tables in the ark
that I had made, — and they are
there, as the Ever-living instructed
me.1
I then remained on the Hill, as at 10
the previous time, forty days and
forty nights, and the Ever-living
listened, to me also again, that He
should not desire to wreck you. So 11
the Ever-living said to me, " Arise !
Proceed ! March before the People,
and let them go on and seize the coun-
try which I promised to their fathers to
give to them."
And now, Israel, what your Ever- 12
living GOD asks of you is; — That
you should fear your Ever-living
God, and walk in all His ways, and
love Him, and serve your Ever-living
God, with all your heart, and all
your life ; and to keep the command- 13
rrients of the Ever-living, and all
His institutions, which I have com-
manded you this day for your own
benefit.
Look! The heavens, and the 14
heaven of the heavens, — the earth
and all it contains, belong to your
Ever-living God. Yet the Ever- 15
living chose to love your fathers,
and He selected their race after them
from all the Peoples, — as at this day,
— therefore circumcise the flesh of 16
your hearts, and never stiffen your
necks, for your Ever-living God is 17
a God of Gods, and Almighty of
Almighties, the Great God, the
Powerful, and the Enlightener; '
—Who will not regard appearances,
and will not take bribes ! Who does 18
justice to the orphan and the widow,
and loves to give bread and clothes to
the stranger. Therefore you should 19
l Vv. 6 — 9 are a note of an ancient editor,
not a part of the speech of Moses. They are
probably a note of Ezra's, made after the return
from Babylon, but have been by a transcriber
widely misplaced, for they- have not the least
connection with the subject of the text.— F. F.
(Afterwards the children of Israel 6
marched from the Wells of the son of
Yakan, to Moserah, where Aaron died, and
was buried, and Aliazer his son was made
priest in his stead From there they 7
marched to Gudgudah, and from Gud-
gudah to Yatbathali, a country of water
brooks. At that period the Ever-living S
separated the tribe of Levi to bear with
Aaron the Covenant of the Ever-living,
to stand before the Ever-living to
officiate, and to bless in His Name —
until to-day. Consequently there is not 9
a portion or an inheritance for the tribe
of Levi with its brothers. The Ever-
living is its inheritance, as your Eykr-
living God said to it.)
182
10— 20
DEUTERONOMY.
H-25
love the stranger, for you were a
stranger in the land of the Mitzeraim !
20 Fear your EVER-LIVING God ;
serve Him, and hold to Him, and
21 swear by His Name. He led you,
and He is your God, Who produced
for you those great things, and the
revelations that your eyes saw.
22 Your fathers went down to the
Mitzeraim as seventy persons, and
now your EVER-LIVING God has
collected you as a multitude like the
stars of the heavens !
11 Therefore love your Ever-living
God, and carefully regard Him, and
His Institutions, and His Decrees,
2 and His Commands for all time ; and
learn them to-day. For you are not
children who have not known, and
have not seen the corrections of your
Ever-living God, — His greatness,
and His strong hand, and His direct-
3 ing arm, and" His wonders, and the
events that He effected in the midst
of the Mitzerites, — upon Pharoh, king
of the Mitzeraim, and all his country ;
4 and what He did to the army of the
Mitzerites, to their horsemen, and
to their chariots; — how the sea, — the
Sea of Suf, — rushed over their heads
when they followed after you, — how
the EVER-LIVING destroyed them on
5 that day. Also what He did for you
in the desert, until you arrived at
6 this spot ; and what He did to Dathan
and Abiram, the sons of Aliab, the
son of Reuben ; — how the earth
opened her mouth and swallowed
them, and their homes, and their tents,
and the whole of their supporters, slay-
ing them in the centre of all Israel.
7 For your eyes have seen all the
great events that the Ever-living
8 has done, — therefore attend to all
the commands that I command you
to-day, so that you may be hearty,
and go and seize the country that
9 you are advancing to possess ; and so
that you may lengthen your stay
upon the land which the EVER-
i.iving swore to your fathers to give
to them, and to their race ; — a land
flowing with milk and honey.
10 For the country you are going to
possess is not like the land of the
Mitzeraim, whence you have come,
where you sowed your seed, and
watered it on your feet, like a
1 1 vegetable garden ; — but the country
you are advancing to possess is a
land of hills and vales, and of rain
from the skies, refreshed with water ;
— a land that your Ever-living God 12
visits ; — the eyesof your Ever-living
God are continually upon it, from
the first of the year until the last of
the year. —So it will happen, if you 13
attentively listen to my commands
that I command you to-day, and love
your Fver-living God, and serve
Him with all your heart, and with all
your life, that I will give rain upon 14
your land at the season of sprouting,
and of ripening, and you shall harvest
your corn, and your wine, and your
oil. I will also give herbage upon 15
your fields for your cattle, that you
may eat and be satisfied. But guard 16
yourselves from seducing your hearts,
and turning to serve other gods, and
worshipping them. For then the 17
anger of the Ever-living will burn
against you, and He will shut the
skies, and there will be no rain, and
the land will not give its increase,
and you will soon perish from upon
the beautiful country which the Ever-
living gave you. Therefore fix these 18
words upon your hearts, and upon
your souls, and bind them as orna-
ments upon your hands, and let them
be as frontlets between your eyes, and 19
teach them to your children, to talk
about in your homes, in your families,
and in your journeys on the road,
and at your lying down, and rising
up ! Write them also upon the doors 20
of your house, and upon your gates, —
so that you may increase your days, 21
and the days of your children upon
the ground which the Ever-living
promised to your fathers to give to
them as long as the skies endured
over the earth ! — For if you carefully 22
keep all these commands which I
command you to practise, and love
■ your Ever-living God, and walk in
■ all His ways, and adhere to Him,
1 then the Ever-living will drive all 23
those nations from before you, and
you shall possess nations greater and
stronger than yourself, — every place 24
that the sole of your foot treads shall
be yours, — from the deserttoLebanon,
from the river, the river Frath l
backwards to the sea, shall be your
boundaries.
None shall stand before you ; you 25
shall terrify and chase them. Your
Fver-living God will give all the
country to you which you have
travelled through, as He promised.
1 Euphrates, — F. F.
183
11—26
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
12- ii
26 Attend ! I will place before you 1
27 to-day Cursing and Blessing. The '
Blessing which you have heard in
the commands of your EVER-LIVING
God, which I command to you this
28 day ; and the Cursing, if you do not
listen to the commands of your
Ever-living God, but turn from the
path which I command to you this
day, to walk after other gods whom |
you have not known.
29 So when your Ever-living God
has brought you to the country that
you go to possess, you shall place the
Blessing upon the Hill of Gherizim, !
and the Cursing upon the Hill of
30 Aibal. — Are they not over the Jor- 1
dan, following the path of the
declining sun ?— in the land of the
Cananites, who reside in the west
opposite Gilgal, at the side of the
31 Oakwood of Morah?1 — When you
cross the Jordan to go to seize the
country which your Ever-living
God will give to you, — you shall seize
32 it and settle in it. But take care to
practise the whole of the institutions,
and the legislation which I have
placed before you to-day ; —
12 Which are the Institutions and the
Legislation which you shall carefully
practise in the land which the Ever-
living, the God of your fathers, will
give to you to possess all the time
that you live upon the earth.
2 You must absolutely destroy all
the columns which the nations whom
you drive out, worship. Their gods
upon the hills, and heights, and upon
the mountains, and which they call
3 upon under every shadowy tree. You
shall also throw down their altars,
and break their pillars, and burn
their shrines in fire, and smash the
images of their gods, and destroy
their names from the places where
they are.
4 You shall not do so to your EVER-
5 living GOD; for at the place which
your Ever-living God may choose
from any of your tribes to place His
Name there, to fix it, you shall go
6 to it, and bring there your burnt-
1 This poetic and striking indication of these
localities is an internal evidence that these
sublime orations are the work of Moses, and
written and spoken by him on the East of
the Jordan, and he pointed to the West as he
uttered the words. Had they been the work
of a forger in Jerusalem, as some modern
sceptics assert, he would never have used the
words and gesture indicated. — F. F.
offerings, and sacrifices, and your
services, and the presents of your
hands, and your vows, and the first
fruits of your herds, and flocks ; and 7
you shall eat them there before your
Ever-living God, and cheer your-
selves in all the success of your
hand, — you, and your families, when
your Ever-living God blesses you.
You shall not offer as we do here 8
to-day, — all that is right in your own
sight, — for you have not yet arrived 9
at the Rest, and the Inheritance
which your Ever-living God will
give to you. But when you pass over 10
the Jordan, and occupy the country
that your Ever-living God will
divide among you, and rest from all
your enemies around, and dwell
securely, then to the place where 11
your Ever-living God shall choose
to fix His Name, you shall bring all
that I have commanded you, — your
burnt-offerings, and sacrifices, your
gifts and the presents of your hand,
and all your free vows, that you vow
to the Ever-living. You shall enjoy 12
yourselves there before your Ever-
living God, you, and your sons and
daughters, and men servants, and
maid servants, and the Levite who
is in your village, for he has not a
share or estate among you. You 13
must guard yourselves from offering
your burnt-offerings in every place
you see, except in the place which 14
the Ever-living may choose in one
of your tribes, — there you shall offer
your burnt-offerings, and there you
shall do all that I have commanded
you. However, you may, to all the 15
desires of your life, sacrifice and eat
flesh according to the blessings which
your Ever-living God has given
you, in all your villages. Both the
clean and the unclean ma)- eat of
them, — like as of the gazelle and the
stag, — except that they shall not eat 16
the blood ; — that shall be poured
upon the ground like water. You 17
shall not eat in your villages from
the offering of your corn, and wine,
and oil, or of the firstlings of your
herd or flock, or of any vow which
you vow as free-will offerings, or of
presents from your hands, — you shall 18
only eat such in the presence of
your Ever -living God, at the
place which your Ever-living God
chooses to Himself; you and your
son and your daughter, and your
man servant and maid servant, and
184
12—ig
DEUTERONOMY.
13-13
the Levite who is in your village,
shall enjoy yourselves before your
Ever-living God in all the pros-
perity of your hand.
19 Take care that you do not forget
the Levite all your time upon the
20 earth, for your Ever-living God
will extend your boundaries, as He
promised you, — therefore I tell you
to eat flesh, wherever you desire to
live you may eat flesh ; in all places
you wish to live, you may eat flesh,
21 for the place where your EVER-
living God may choose to fix His
Name may be far from you, there-
fore you may sacrifice from your
herd and from your flock that the
Ever-living gives you, as I com-
manded you, and may eat in your
villages of all that your life desires ; —
22 but only as the gazelle and the stag
are eaten, — thus the clean and the
unclean may eat, they may both eat.
23 Only refrain from eating the blood ;
for the blood is the life; and you
shall not eat the life with the flesh.
24 You shall not eat it ; you shall pour
25 it upon the earth like water. You
shall not eat it ; for it is well to you,
and to your children after you, that
you should do right in the sight of
26 the Ever-living. Only what you
have consecrated by yourself, and
your vows, you shall take up and
bring to the Place which the Ever-
27 living has chosen ; and you shall
offer your burnt-offerings with the
flesh and the blood upon the altar of
your Ever-living God ; for the
blood of your sacrifice shall be poured
upon the altar of your Ever-living
God, and you shall eat the flesh.
28 Listen attentively to all these
words that I command you, so that
you may prosper, and your children
after you for ever, while you do fair
and right in the sight of your Ever-
living God.
29 When your Ever-living God has
defeated the nations where you are
going, driving them before you, and
you possess them, and reside in
30 their country, guard yourselves from
enquiring about them, — from turn-
ing to enquire about their gods, and
asking, " How did these nations serve
their gods? for I would do the same
31 myself." You shall not do so with
your Ever-living God, for all the
offerings to the Ever-living which
you take up to offer to your God, as
well as those of your sons and your
daughters shall be burnt with fire to
your God.
You must carefully practise all 13
the things which I have commanded
you. You must not add to them, nor
shall you take away from them.
When a Preacher arises among 2
you, or a dreamer of dreams, and
gives you a proof, or an evidence,
and the proof or the evidence which 3
he has declared to you comes, to
persuade you to walk after other
gods, whom you have not known, and
to serve them ; — listen not to the 4
words of that Preacher, or to that
dreamer of dreams, for your Ever-
living God is trying you to learn if
you are lovers of your Ever-living
God with all your heart, and with all
soul. You must walk after your 5
Ever-living God, and fear Him,
and keep His Commandments, and
listen to His voice, and serve Him,
and adhere to Him. Therefore that 6
Preacher, or that dreamer of dreams,
shall be put to death, for advising to
turn from your Ever-living God,
Who brought you from the land of the
Mitzeraim, and freed you from the
House of Bondage, for he would
seduce you from the path your
Ever-living God commanded you
to walk in, — so you must burn the
evil from your breast.
If your brother, the son of your 7
mother, should seduce you, — or your
son, or your daughter, or the wife of
your bosom, or your friend who is
like your life ; — should say privately,
" Let us go and serve other gods,"
whom you have not known, nor your
fathers ; — some of the gods of the S
Peoples who are around you, — close
to you, — or far from you, — from one
boundary of the earth to the other
boundary of the earth, — do not in- 9
cline to "him, or listen to them. Let
not your eye feel pity for them, and
do not grieve or feel compassion for
them, — but kill! Your hand shall be 10
the first to bring them to death, and
the hand of all the people after you,
who shall stone them with stones ; — 11
for ,they shall die, — because they
sought to seduce you from your Ever-
living God, Who brought you from
the land of the Mitzerites, from the
House of Bondage. Then all Israel 12
will hear, and fear, and not continue
to practise that sin in your midst.
If you shall hear that at any city 13
where vour EVER-LIVING God has
13—i4
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
13-ig
granted you to reside, it is said,
14 " There came men, sons of Belial,
from our midst, and seduced the
residents of our city, saying ; — Let
us go and serve other gods, whom
15 we know not," then you shall enquire,
and investigate ; and if the truth of
the report is established, about that
16 abomination in the midst of you, you
shall strike the residents in that
town with the edge of the sword, and
devote it with all that are in it, and
put the cattle to the edge of the
17 sword ; and collect the whole of
the furniture to the middle of its
market-place, and consume all its
furniture completely to your Ever-
living God, and it shall be a ruin
for ever, — it shall not be built again.
And nothing of the accursed things
shall stick to your hands, so that the
Ever-living may turn away from
His burning anger, and grant you
mercies, and benefit you, and increase
you, as He promised to your fathers,
so long as you listen to your Ever-
living God, and keep all His Com-
mandments which I command you
to-day, and do right in the sight of
your Ever-living God.
ig
End of the Third Oration.
186
14
DEUTERONOMY.
15-4
SPEECH IV.
ftains against Utius atti) ^clf-
gearairathm.
14 You are the children of the Lord ;
you shall not cut yourselves, nor
shave your eyebrows for the dead.
2 For you are a People consecrated to
your Ever-living God ; and the
Ever-living chose you to be a
People separated from all the Peoples
who are upon the face of the earth.
3 You shall eat no filth.
4 These are the beasts that you may
eat, the ox, the sheep kind and the
5 goat kind, the stag and gazelle, and
roebuck, and chamois, and antelope
6 and springbok, and bison, with all
cattle that divide the hoof and chew
the cud, — those animals you may
7 eat. But of these, who chew the
cud you may not eat, although they
divide the hoof; the camel, and the
kangaroo, and the rabbit, who chew
the cud, but do not divide the hoof ;— =»
8 they are unclean to you, with the
hog, although it divides the hoof,
yet it does not chew. It is unclean
to you. You shall not eat of its flesh
or touch its dead body.
9 You may eat of these among all
that are in the waters, —all that have
io fins and scales you may eat, but of
all that have not fins and scales, you
may not eat. They are unclean
to you.
ii You may eat every clean bird.
12 But you may not eat of these, — the
13 eagle, and the osprey, the buzzard
14 and kite; with their species, and the
15 whole of the raven species ; and the
ostrich, and the night-hawk, and
the sea-gull, and the cormorant, with
16 their species ; with the pelican, the
17 snake-eater, and the bittern, and the
vomiter, and the eagle-vulture, and
18 the turkey-buzzard, with the stork,
and the snorter, with their species ;
19 and the hoopoo and the bat ; and all
the winged spawners are unclean to
20 you, — you may not eat them. You
21 may eat every clean bird, but you
may not eat any self-dying carcase ; —
give them to the foreigner who resides
among you to be eaten, or sell to
merchants ; for you are a People con-
secrated to your Ever-living God.
You shall not boil a kid in its
mother's milk.
You shall tithe the whole of the 22
produce of your grain, as it comes
from the field year by year, and you 23
shall eat of it before your Ever-
living God, in the place that He
chooses to fix His Name, — both of
your corn, and wine, and oil ; and of
the blessings of your herd and flock,
so that you may learn to reverence
your Ever-living God at all times.
But if the journey is too long for you 24
to be able to carry it because the
place which your Ever-living God
has chosen to fix His Name in is
too far from you, — then you shall bless
your Ever-living God, and convert 25
it into money, and take the money
in your hand, and go to the place
that your Ever-living God has
chosen for Himself, and expend that
money in all that your life requires, —
in oxen, and sheep, and wine, and
flesh, and in all that your life de-
mands, and eat them there before your
Ever-living God, and enjoy your-
self with your family. But you shall
not forget the Levite who is in your
villages, for he has no inheritance
and share with you. At the end of
the third year you shall bring the
whole of the tithe of your produce in
that year, and leave your villages.
The Levite shall also come, for he
has no share or inheritance, with
you, and the foreigner, along with
the fatherless, and the widow who
are in your villages, and they shall
eat, and be satisfied, because your
Ever-living God has blessed you
in all the work of your hands which
you have done.
At the end of seven years, there 15
shall be a releasing, and this is the 2
kind of releasing. — Every possessor
of mortgaged land which his neigh-
bour has mortgaged shall release it,
he shall have no claim against his
neighbour or his brother, because it
is a Release by the Ever-living.
You may have a claim against 3
foreigners, but you must release from
your hand what belongs to your
brothers for nothing, for you will not 4
be poor yourself, because blessing,
the Ever-living will bless vou in
26
27
29
:87
15-5
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
I6-7
the country which your EVER-LIVING
God will give to you to possess. —
5 That is, if you listen to the voice of
your Ever-living God, and continue
to practise the whole of His Com-
mandments, which I command you
6 to-day ; for your Ever-living God
will bless you, as He has promised,
and you shall lend to many nations,
but you will not borrow ; and you
shall rule over many nations, but
they shall not rule over you.
7 Yet there will be poor among you
one brother with another in your
villages, in the country which your
Ever-living Gqd gives you. Harden
not your heart, nor close your hand
8 from your poor brother ; but open
your hand to him, and lend, accord-
ing to his necessity what is needful to
9 him. Guard yourself from saying to
your vile heart, "The seventh year,
the year of release, is near," — and
your eye is cruel to your poor brother,
and you will not lend to him, — when
he will cry against you to the Ever-
living, and it will be a sin to you.
io Lend freely to him ! and let not
your heart grudge against lending,
but rely upon this fact that your
Ever-living God will then bless
you in all you do, and in all sent
ii from your hand ! For the poor will
never be wanting in the breast of the
land ; — therefore I have commanded
you saying, " Open your hand freely
to your distressed brother, — to your
poor, — in the land ! "
1 2 When your relative is sold to you, —
a Hebrew man or a Hebrew woman, —
he shall serve you six years, but in
the seventh year you shall set him
13 free from you. But when you set
him free from you, you shall not
14 send him away destitute. You shall
reward him liberally from your flock,
and from your corn, and from your
wine vat, which your Ever-living
God has blessed. You shall give to
15 him, — and shall remember that you
were slaves among the Mitzeraim,
and your Ever-living God freed
you, — therefore I command this
thing to-day.
16 But if it occurs that he says to you,
" I will not go from you, for I like
you and your house, for I have been
17 satisfied with you," then you shall
take an awl, and fix him by his ear
to your door, and he shall always be
your servant, — that is, until your
death. That is how you shall do.
It shall not be hard in your sight to 18
send him from you into freedom, for
you shall only purchase your servant
by the year for six years ; — then your
Ever-living God will bless you in
all your work.
Every first-born which your herd, 19
or your flock bears, remember you
must dedicate to your Ever-living
God. You shall not work the first-
born of your cow, nor shear the first-
born of your ewe, — you shall eat them 20
year by year before your Ever-
living God, in the place that the
Ever-living chooses, you and your
family. But if there be a defect or 21
lameness in it, or bareness, or any
disease, you shall not sacrifice it to your
Ever-living God; you must eat it 22
in your villages, the clean and the
unclean together, as you do the
gazelle and stag ; — only you must not 23
eat their blood. Pour it upon the
earth like water.
Regard the harvest month l and 16
offer the Passover to your Ever-
living God ; for in the harvest
month your Ever-living God
brought you out of the land of the
Mitzeraim at night ; — therefore sacri- 2
fice as the Passover to your Ever-
living God a lamb, and in the place
which your Ever-living God has
chosen to fix His Name there.
You shall not eat any ferment upon 3
it for seven days. You must eat
unfermented bread only ; for you
came out from the Mitzeraim in
haste, therefore you shall remember
the day you came out from the land
of the Mitzerites, all the days of your
life, and nothing fermenting shall be 4
seen in all your boundaries for seven
days, and you shall not leave any of
the flesh which you sacrifice at the
beginning of the evening of that day
until the morning. You will not be 5
permitted to sacrifice the Passover in
any of the villages which your Ever-
living God gives to you; — but only 6
at the place which your Ever-living
God may choose to fix His Name
there, may you sacrifice the Pass-
over, at the afternoon as the sun
declines, at the time you came out
from the Mitzeraim. So you shall 7
roast and eat it in the place which
your Ever-living God has chosen
for Himself, — as you turned on that
morning and went to your tents.
1 Abib.— F. F.
188
16-8
DEUTERONOMY.
ie-17
You shall eat unfermented bread
8 with your GOD for six days, and oil
the seventh day yon shall assemble
to your EVER'LIVING God. You
shall do no business upon it.
9 Count seven Sabbaths from the
beginning of putting the sickle to the
corn ; — count to the end of seven
io Sabbaths. Then you shall make the
Festival of Sabbaths to your Ever-
11 LIVING GOD, and enjoy yourselves
before your EVER-LIVING God ; you,
and your sons, and your daughters,
and man and maid servants, and the
Levite who is in your village, and
the foreigner, and the fatherless, and
the widow, who are among you, at
the place that your Ever-living
God has chosen to fix His Name in.
12 For you must remember you were
slaves among the Mitzeraim, — there-
fore preserve and practise these
institutions.
13 You must also make yourselves
a festival of seven days after the
harvesting of your corn and vintage,
and enjoy yourselves in that feast ; 14
you, your son, and your daughter, and
your man and maid servants, and
the Levite and the foreigner, and the
fatherless, and the widow, who are
in your villages. You must feast for 15
seven days to your EVER-LIVING
God in the place that the FvER-
living may choose, because your
Ever-living God has blessed you
in all your products, and in all the
work of your hand ; — therefore you
must be glad.
All your men shall see the Pre- 16
sence of your Ever-living God three
times in a year, in the place He may
choose ; at the Feast of Unfermented
P>read ; ! and at the Feast of Weeks ;
and the Feast of Tabernacles; and 17
you shall not see the Presence of the
Ever-living empty-handed.
1 Literally, " of biscuits." — F. F.
End of the Fourth Oration.
1S9
16
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
17—20
SPEECH V.
U'ocnl (Oobermtuttt.
18 You shall appoint judges and
Recorders for yourselves in even-
village which your EVER-LIVING
GOD gives to you, to control you, and
to govern the People with honest
19 government. You shall not distort
justice. You shall not regard sta-
tions. You shall not take bribes ; —
for bribes blind the eyes of the
intelligent, and pervert the decrees
20 of justice. You shall follow perfect
justice, so that you may live and
possess the country that your Ever-
living God has given to you.
21 You shall not plant shrines, or any
trees, at the side of the altar you
make to your Ever-living God ;
22 nor shall you erect for yourselves
columns, as standards, to your Ever-
living God.
17 You shall not sacrifice to your
Ever-living God an ox or a sheep
in which there is any defect, — any
thing bad, — for that would be an
insult to your Ever-living God.
2 If there should come out from any
of your villages which your Ever-
living God gives you, a man or a
woman who does wrong in the sight
of the Ever-living by slighting His
3 Covenant, and going and serving
other gods, and worshipping them, —
or the sun, or the moon, or any of
the hosts of the skies contrary to my
4 command, — and it is reported to
you ; when you hear it, then you
should enquire carefully, and if the
truth of the thing is confirmed, that
such an outrage has been done in
5 Israel, you shall bring out that man
or that woman, who have done that
wicked thing, in the village of the
man or woman, and stone them to
6 death with stones. They shall be
put to death on the evidence of two
or three witnesses. Upon the evi-
dence of one witness, they shall not
7 be put to death. The hands of the
witnesses shall be first upon them,
to kill them ; — then the hands of all
the People afterwards. You shall
thus burn that wickedness from
among you.
8 If a case should occur among you
difficult to decide between blood and
blood, between right and right, and
between stroke and stroke, — an affair
of a contention in your gates, — you
shall remove it, and take it up to the
place which your Ever-living God
has chdsen for Himself, and go to the 9
priests, to the Levites, and to the
Judge who may be in your times,
and appeal and report the matter to
the Chief Judge, and act upon the 10
decision which he pronounces. You 1 1
shall not turn from the order that he
communicates to you, to the right or
to the left. And the person who acts 12
insolently against the decree of the
priest appointed to serve your Ever-
living God there, and the Chief
Judge, — that man shall die ! Thus
you shall burn that evil out of Israel,
and all the People will hear, and 13
fear, and no longer be contumacious.
When you arrive in the country 14
which your Ever-living God has
given to you, and possess it and
reside in it, and say to yourselves ; —
" Let us place a king over us, like all
the nations who are around,'' you 15
shall only place over you the king
whom your Ever-living God may
choose for Himself. You shall
place a king over you from your
brothers ; you are not permitted to
appoint a foreigner over yourselves,
a man who is not your brother.
Further he shall not collect horses 16
to hfmself, and he shall not take the
People back to the Mitzeraim, be-
cause of its abundance of horses,
for the Ever-living has commanded
you not to contemplate to return by
that way for ever.
He shall not collect wives about 17
himself, nor turn his heart to silver
and gold, to accumulate them ex-
cessively.
When he is set upon the throne for 18
his kingship, there shall be written
out for him a Duplicate of the Law,
from the book in the custody of the
Levitical priests, and he shall keep 19
it with him, and read in it every day
of his life, so that he may learn to
fear the Ever-living his God, — to
guard the whole of the command-
ments of the Law, and to administer
these Institutions ; so that his heart 20
may not rise above his brothers, and
193
18-i
DEUTERONOMY.
19—6
that he may not turn from its com-
mands to the right or to the left ; so
that he may extend his days in his
kingship, he and his sons in the
circuit of Israel.
18 There shall be no share or inheri-
tance to the Levitical Priests or any
of the tribe of Levi with Israel. The
Ever-living is their inheritance and
2 feeder ; therefore they shall have no
inheritance among their brothers; —
the Ever-living is their inheritance,
3 as I said to you ; therefore there shall
be decreed for the priests something
from each sacrifice sacrified by the
people, whether ox or sheep. There
shall be given to the priest the fore
4 leg, jaws, and breast. You shall give
to them the first-fruits of your corn
also ; the first-fruits of your oil ; and
5 the first fleece of your flock. For
your Ever-living God chose them
from all your tribes to stand to serve
to the Name of the Ever-living,
they, and their children for all time.
6 And when a Levite comes to one of
your villages, in any part of Israel,
although he is a stranger there, and
comes from any village where he
7 formed}- lived, he may serve to the
Name of the Ever-living, his God,
like all his brothers who are fixed
there in the Presence of the Ever-
8 living. They shall eat share and
share alike, of equal value on account
of their ancestry.
9 When you enter the country that
your Ever-living God has given
you, you shall not learn the depravi-
io ties of those heathens. You shall
not take with you your son or
daughter to a throwing over a fire,
to divinations, and enchantments, or
ii for witchcraft, or incantations, or
enquiry of spirits, or fore-tellers, or
12 questioning the dead ; — for the Ever-
living loathes all these practices ;
and to sweep away all these practices
your Ever-living God has driven
13 them from before you. You must be
perfect before your Ever-living
14 God ; — for those heathens, whom
you will drive out, listened to cloud-
makers, and to diviners, — but you
must not, — consequently give your-
selves to the Ever-living, your God.
15 Your Ever-living God will raise
up a Prophet like me for you from
among your brothers, after me ; —
listen to him.
16 You all requested one from your
Ever-living God, at Horeb on the
day of the Public Meeting, saying ;
" We cannot continue to hear the
voice of the Ever-living God, nor
longer to see this great fire, for fear
of death." When the Ever-lining 17
replied to me, " What they have said
is good. I will raise for them, from 18
amongst their brothers, One Like
YOU ; and will put words into his
mouth, and he shall report to them
all I command them. And any man 19
who will not listen to the messages
which he delivers in My Name, I
will drive out from My People.
" But the Prophet who shall pre- 20
sume to deliver a message in My
Name, which I have not commanded
him to deliver, or who shall speak in
the name of other gods : — that
Prophet shall die ! "
But perhaps you may say in your 21
heart, — " How can I distinguish such
a message as what the Ever-living
has not spoken ? When the Prophet 22
delivered it in the Name of the
Ever-living, — although he was not
commanded ? "
When the event does not happen,
— then the Ever-hving has not
spoken. The Prophet has spoken it,
in his presumption ; — fear him not.
When your Ever-living God has 19
destroyed those heathen of whom
your Ever-living God has given
you the country, and has driven them
out, and you dwell in their cities and
their houses, you shall separate three 2
cities to yourselves in the midst of the
country that your Ever-living God
gives you to possess. You shall then 3
make roads for your use to these
three cities, from the boundaries of
the country which your Ever-living
God has divided amongst you, so
that any man-slayer can fly to them.
However, this is the kind of man- 4
slayer who may fly there and live ; —
he who has struck his neighbour un-
intentionally, when he did not pre-
viously hate him. — For instance one 5
who went with his neighbour to a
wood to cut timber, and the iron flew
from the handle of the axe in cutting
the timber ; or the iron flew from the
tree and caught his neighbour, and
he dies. He may fly to one of these
cities, and live, lest the Avenger of 6
Blood pursue after the man-slaver,
whilst his heart is hot, and overtake
him, owing to the length of the way,
and deprive him of life, before he has
been condemned to death, — for he
191
19-7
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
21-9
7 did not hate before the event. Con-
sequently I command you to appoint
three cities to be provided for your-
8 selves. But if your Ever-living
God extends your boundaries, as He
promised to your fathers, and gives
to you the whole of the country which
He promised to give to your fathers,
9 you shall also attend to all these
orders, to do what I have commanded
you to-day, and love your EVER-
LIVING God, and walk in His ways,
at all times. Therefore add three
io other cities beside these three. Be-
cause you shall not shed innocent
blood in the breast of the land that
your Ever-living God has given
you to inherit, for that blood would
be upon yourselves.
ii But if it happens that a man hates
his neighbour, and waits for him, and
arises against him, and strikes at his
life so that he dies, and then flies to
12 one of those Cities of God ; the
Magistrates of that city shall send,
and apprehend him there, and deliver
him to the hand of the Avenger of
13 Blood, and he shall be killed. Your
eye shall not pity over him, for you
must burn out innocent blood from
Israel, that you may prosper.
14 You shall not remove the boundary
of your neighbour, which your chiefs
placed to your estate, when they
divided the country which your Ever-
living God gave you to possess.
15 A single witness shall not be re-
ceived against a person for any offence,
or for any sin. Eor every offence
that may be committed, the evidence
of two witnesses, or of three must
establish it.
16 When anyone makes a quarrel with
17 a man, to do him an injury, both the
persons between whom the dispute is,
must appear before the presence of
the Ever-living, and before the
Priests and Judges who may be in
18 their times ; and the judges shall
enquire carefully to ascertain who is
the false witness, — giving false evi-
dence to injure his brother, — and shall 19
do to him as he intended to do to his
I brother ; — and burn that wrong from
j their midst, so that when others hear 20
they may fear and not continue to do
similar wrong amongst you. Your 21
eyes shall consequently not pity.
Life for life; eye for eye; tooth for
tooth ; hand for hand ; foot for foot.
1 When a corpse is found fallen in a 21
field in the land which your Ever-
living God gives you to possess, and
it is not known how killed, your chiefs 2
and magistrates shall go and measure
to the towns that are round about the
corpse, to ascertain the town that 3
may be nearest to the corpse. Then
the head man of that town shall take
a heifer from the herd, which has
not worked, — which has not drawn
wheels, — and the head man of that 4
town shall cause the heifer to be
taken down to a vale with a con-
stantly flowing brook, which has not
been cultivated nor reaped, and break
the neck of the heifer at the brook.
Then the priests of the sons of 5
Levi shall approach, — for the LORD
your God chose them to officiate,
and to bless in the name of the Ever-
living, and every contention and
every dispute shall be decided by
them, with all the Magistrates of the 6
surrounding towns ; — to the corpse,
and wash their hands over the broken-
necked heifer at the brook, and as- 7
severate and say ; " Our hands have
not shed this blood, and our eyes did
not see it. Cover it to the people of 8
Israel whom you have chosen, Lord,
and lay not innocent blood on the
breast of your People of Israel."
Then the blood shall be covered for
them, and you will burn the innocent 9
blood from amongst you, — for you
must practise justice in the eyes of
the Ever-living.
l Ch. xix. — xxi. These first nine verses of Ch. xxi. have been evidently misplaced by some
transcriber, and should be at the end of Ch. xix., as I now place them, as they complete the
subject dealt with by Muses. I therefore restore them to their proper position. The reader,
however, will probably ask my reasons for these alterations which I make in the arrangement
of the text in Ch. xix.— xxi. They are as follows: I had always felt that the accepted order of
the matter had become confused by some very ancient transcribers, and therefore consulted
scholars whom I believed to be fully competent to assist me in a rectification, by which I
proposed to bring the thought of the speeches of Moses in those chapters to a perfectly consecu-
tive current of meaning. All agreed with me that the old text had been confused, but would
not venture to decide whether my new proposed arrangements were correct. I was disappointed,
so at last appealed to my talented friend the Reverend John Bowen, B.D., Rector of St. Lawrence,
Pembrokeshire, who is an accomplished Classic and Oriental Scholar, and he kindly consented
to co-operate with me, and I accepted his exact and careful amendments to my suggestions,
feeling convinced that they were right. The confusion of the text at the various points noted
192
DEUTERONOMY.
in my margin, I think, arose at the time when our present t< xt was copied on to a roll
of skins, from the original stone plates or tablets upon which Moses engraved the Spe< ches
for record in the Ark of Witnesses, as stated by Aliazer, his Editor, in Ch. xxxiii., v. 24, of
Deuteronomy. The Scribe then evidently confused the order of the plates. The fact that
the various passages implicated contain about the same number of words, I take as an indica-
tion that my view is the right one. My learned and judicious friend, the Rev. J. Bowen,
however, informs me that a previous commentator upon this part of Deuteronomy, who had
noted the confusion in the records, has suggested an even earlier period for its origination.
He believed, and Mr. Bowen seems to agree with him, that it was made at the time when, in
accordance with the command of Moses, the Law was engraved, " deeply cut," upon the pillars
set up, and covered with some enduring chemical plaster, in the Yale of the Jordan, upon the
passage of Joshua and his Army. That there the autographic tablets of Moses were in these
paragraphs misarranged, and subsequent transcribers tailed to rectify the error. I leave my
readers to decide which theory has the best weight of evidence to support it. — F. F.
End of the Fifth Oration.
193
20-i
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
20—20
SPEECH VI.
talus of Mar.
20 When you go to war with your
enemies, and see horses and chariots,
— a people more numerous than your-
selves, fear them not, — for your Ever-
living God is with you, Who brought
you from the land of the Mitzeraim.
2 And when you are preparing for the
war, the Priest shall come forward and
address the People and say to them,
3 " Listen, Israel ! You are now pre-
paring for war with your enemies.
Let not your heart shrink. Fear not,
nor be startled, nor terrified at them !
4 for your Ever-living God marches
with you, to fight for you against your
enemy, and save you."
5 The Magistrates, also, shall address
the People, saying; "What man is
there who has built a new house, and
not dedicated it ? Let him go and
return to his house, for fear he should
be killed in the war, and another man
should dedicate it.
6 " And what man has planted a
vineyard and has not reaped it ? Let
him go and return to his home, for
fear he should be killed in the war,
and another man reap it.
7 " And what man is engaged to a
woman, and has not married her ?
Let him go and return to his home,
for fear he should be killed in the
war, and another man marry her."
8 The Magistrates shall even add to
this address to the People, and ask ; —
" What man fears with a timid
heart ? Let him go and return to his
house, and not depress the hearts of
his brothers, like his own heart."
9 And when the Magistrates have
ceased speaking to the People, then
they should appoint officers to the
regiments to command the People.1
io When you approach a city to war
against it, you shall propose peace to
ii it ; and if they will adopt peace, and
open to you, then all the people found
in it shall be subject to you, and serve
T2 you. But if they will not accept
peace with you, but make war against
13 you, then assail them ; for your EVE R-
living God has given them into your
hands, and destroy all the men by
J 4 the edge of the sword. The women
and children, however, and the cattle,
and all that may be in the city, all
End of the Si
the booty, you may seize for your-
selves, for you may use the booty of
your enemies which your Ever-
living God gives to you.
When you advance to war with your 21
enemies, and your Ever-living God
gives them into your hand, and you
take them captive, and see amongst 11
the captives there is a beautiful
woman, and you have a desire for
her to take her to yourself as a wife,
you shall take her into the sanctuary 12
of your house, and uncover her head,
and pare her nails, and she shall put 13
off the clothing in which she was
captured, and reside in your house,
and weep for her father and mother the
space of a month, and after that you
can go to her and marry her, and she
shall be your wife. But if it then 14
happens that you do not like her, you
shall free her for life, — you shall not
sell her for money,- — you shall not
treat her as a slave, because you have
degraded her. You must do the same 20
to all the cities afar from you, which
are not of cities of these nations here.
But in the cities of these Peoples, 16
that your Ever-living God has
given to you to divide, you shall not
preserve a living breath, but devote 17
them ; — the Hitites, and the Amorites,
and the Cananites, and the Perizites,
the Hivites and the Jebusites, — ac-
cording to the command of your
Ever-living God. The reason is, — 18
so that you may not learn from them
to practise all the depravities which
they practise against GOD, and thus
you would sin against your Ever-
living God.
When you besiege a city for a long 19
period, warring with it to capture it,
you shall not destroy the fruit trees
by assailing them with the axe, for
you can feed from them, therefore
you shall not cut them down, for the
trees of the field sprang from the
ground before you came to the siege.
However the trees that you know are 20
not trees for food, you may destroy
and fell, and build towers with them
against the city which is warring with
you, until you subdue it.
1 Vv. 10 — 14 of Ch. xxi. should come in. as
I now put them, at Ch. xx. v. 9, they having
been misplaced into Ch. xx. by some old copier.
See also note on Ch. xxi. forward. — F. F.
xth Oration.
194
31-15
DEUTERONOMY.
22—i8
SPEECH VII.
21
16
17
is
19
23
22
ll omenta* fEafrrs.
When a man has two wives, and
loves the one and dislikes the other,
and they bear children to him, both
the loved and the disliked, and the
son of the disliked one is the eldest,
when it comes to the time for his sons
to inherit, he cannot make the son of
his darling the eldest in place of the
son of the disliked, who is eldest, but
he must acknowledge the son of the
disliked, who is the eldest, and give
to him two parts of all he possesses,
for he is the first fruits of his love.
He is justly first-born.
When a man has a disobedient and
rebellious son, who will not listen to
the voice of his father or the voice of
his mother, but disobeys them and
will not listen to them, his father and
mother shall take him and conduct
him to the Magistrates of the town,
and to the open court, and say to the
Magistrates of the city, " This son of
ours is disobedient and rebellious.
He will not listen to our voice. He
is depraved and drunken."
Then all the people of his town
shall stone him with stones, and kill,
—and that evil will be burnt out from
your breast, — and Israel will hear
and fear.
When a person has committed a
crime condemnable to death, you
shall kill him and hang him upon
a tree. You shall not however
leave him upon the tree, but bury
him the same day, for God abhors
the hung, consequently you shall
not defile your country that your
Ever-living God has given you to
possess.
You shall not see the ox or sheep
of your neighbour straying, and hide
it from him. You shall drive them
back to your neighbour. Eut if you
cannot find your neighbour in your
vicinity, or do not know him, then
you shall preserve them in your own
premises ; but if it occurs afterwards
that your neighbour enquires for them
from you, then return them to him.
You shall also do the same with his
ass, and the same to his clothing, and
the same with everything lost by
your neighbour, — which he has lost
and you have found. You shall not
use them secretly.
You shall not see the ass or ox of 4
your neighbour that has fallen on the
road, and hide yourself from them.
Going to the spot, you shall lift them
up for him.
A woman shall not wear a man's 5
dress ; and a man shall not dress like
a woman, for your Ever-living God
abhors all who do thus.
When you find a bird's nest before 6
you in the path, or on any tree, or
chicks upon the earth, or eggs, and the
mother sitting upon her chicks, or
upon her eggs, you shall not take the
mother with her young. You must 7
drive off the mother, but you may
take her young for yourself ; — so that
it may be well with you and you may
extend your days.
When you build a new house, you 8
shall make a battlement on the circuit
of the roof, so that you may not bring
blood upon your house, if anyone
falls from it.
You shall not double-crop your 9
farm ; that would spoil the full de-
velopment of the seed you sow, and
the produce of the farm.
You shall not plough with an ox 10
and an ass yoked together.
You shall not weave silk, wool, and 11
flax together.
You may make tassels upon the 12
four corners of the cushions that you
sit upon.
When a man takes a wife, and on 13
going to her hates her, and puts in- 14
suiting reports upon her, and brings
a bad name upon her, by saying, " I
married this woman, and when I
approached her I found she was not
a maiden ! " then the father and 15
mother of the girl shall take and
bring the maiden, with the proofs of
her maidenhood, to the Magistrates
of the village, and the father of the 16
girl shall say to the Magistrates ; —
" I gave my daughter to this man as
a wife, but he hates her ; and now 17
he sets up insulting reports, saying,
' I did not find your daughter a maid,'
but here is the proof of her chastity."
Then they shall spread the garment
i before the Magistrates of the town,
and the Magistrates of the town shall iS
195
O 2
22— 19
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
23—i8
19 take that man, and punish him, and
fine him a hundred silvers, and give
them to the father of the girl, because
he had brought a bad name upon a
virgin of Israel, but she shall be his
wife, he shall not be able to divorce
her for his life.
20 But if that report is true, the proofs
of the chastity of the girl not being
21 found, then they shall take the girl
to the outside of the house of her
father and kill her, because she has
acted disgracefully in Israel, by
prostitution in the house of her
father. And thus you shall burn
that evil from amongst you.
22 When a man is found fornicating
with a married woman, — they shall
die, both of them. The man who
committed adultery with the woman,
and the woman. Thus you shall
burn that evil from Israel.
23 When a young maiden who is en-
gaged to a man, meets a man in a
town, and he fornicates with her,
24 bring both of them to the gate of
the town, and stone them with
stones, and kill the girl, because she
did not cry out in the town ; and
the man because he has degraded
the wife of his neighbour. Thus
you shall burn that evil from your
breast.
25 But if the man meets the betrothed
girl in the fields, and the man over-
powers her and ravishes her, then the
man alone who has ravished her shall
26 die ; and you shall do nothing to the
girl. The girl has committed no sin
for death, for as a man rises against
his neighbour and murders him, so
27 is this crime, for he met her in the
field, — and the betrothed girl cried
out, but none heard her.
28 When a man meets a young maiden,
who is not engaged, and takes her
and seduces her, — when he is dis-
covered, that man who corrupted her
shall give to the father of the girl
fifty silvers, and she shall be his wife
afterwards. Because he degraded, he
shall not be able to divorce her all
his days.
23 A man shall not marry the wife of
his father ; and not lift up the skirts
of his father.
2 A eunuch, and an emasculated
man, shall not enter a public meet-
ing of the Ever-living.
3 The child of incest shall not enter
a public meeting of the Ever-living.
They shall not enter into a public
meeting of the Ever-living's for
ten generations.
An Ammonite and a Moabite shall 4
not enter a public meeting of the
Ever-living's ; they shall never
enter into a public meeting of the
Ever-living's for ten generations,
because they did not supply you with 5
bread and water upon the march when
you came from among the Mitzeraim,
and because they hired against you
Balaam the son of Beor from the
centre of Aram of the rivers x to curse
you. But it did not please your Ever- 6
living God to listen to Balaam, so
your Ever-living God turned the
cursing into a blessing ; for the Ever-
LIVING. your God, loves you. You 7
shall not seek their peace or benefit
all your days for ever.
You shall not exclude an Edomite, S
for he is your brother. You shall not
exclude a Mitzerite, because you were
a foreigner in his country. The 9
children that they produce may be
naturalized with the Ever-living
after three generations.
When you go to war with your 10
enemy, keep yourselves from any
vile practice. If there happens to be n
with you a man unclean from any
accident at night, let him go outside
the camp, and not come into the
middle of the camp, and at the 12
approach of evening let him bathe in
water, and at the decline of the sun
he may enter the heart of the camp.
You shall therefore provide a trench 13
near your camp, where you can make
a cesspool.
You shall also have a spade with 14
your weapons, so that when you turn
yourselves to the cesspool and have
evacuated, you can carefully cover up
your excrement ; for your Ever-liv- 15
ing God marches in company with
your camp to protect it, and to defeat
your enemies before you, therefore
your camps must be clean, that He
may not see anything unsightly about
you, and turn away.
You shall not deliver up a slave who 16
has taken refuge with you from his
master to his master. Let him reside 17
amongst you in the place he chooses,
in one of your villages, to benefit
himself. You shall not drive him
out.
You shall not make a prostitute of iS
a daughter of Israel.
1 Mesepotamia. — F. F.
196
23—iQ
DEUTERONOMY.
23— 26
There shall not be a sodomite
among the sons of Israel.
19 You shall not bring the wages of a
harlot, or the hire of a ruffian to the
house of your Ever-living God for
any vow ; for your Ever-living God
loathes both of them.
20 You shall not take interest from your
brothers ; — interest upon money ;
interest upon food ; interest upon
anything which can be lent at in-
21 terest. You may charge interest to
foreigners ; — but from your country-
men you shall not take interest, so
that your Ever-living God may
bless you in every endeavour of your
hand in the country which you are
going to possess.
22 When you vow a vow to your Ever-
living God, you shall not delay to
pay it, for the Ever-living your
God will demand it from you ; —
and that would be a sin to you. But 23
if you do not vow, it will be no sin.
You must carefully perform the 24
utterance of your lips ; whatever you
vow to your Ever-living God, you
must give whatever you have pro-
mised with your mouth.
When you go into your neighbour's 25
vineyard, you may eat grapes to
satisfy your wish, but you shall not
put any into your basket.
When you go through your nei,L;h- 26
hour's corn fields, you may pluck the
ears with your hand, — but you shall
not cut from your neighbour's corn
with a sickle.
End of the Seventh Oration.
197
24—i
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
25-3
SPEECH VIII
fEaforjs of iRarmgc ant gxrntiatic
itifc.
24 When a man takes a wife and
marries her, if she does not find
favour in his eyes, because there are
found repulsive qualities in her ; —
let him write her a letter of divorce,
and put it into her hand, and send
2 her from his house, so that she can
go from his house and depart, and be
3 the wife of another. But if the other
man hates her, then let him write her
a letter of divorce, and put it in her
hand, and send her from his house;
or if the second man dies who took
4 her to him as a wife, she shall not be
allowed to return to the first who
divorced her, to be married as his
wife, after she has sinned, for that
would be loathsome in the presence
of the Ever-living. Therefore you
shall not defile the land which your
Ever-living God gives you to
inherit.
5 When a man has recently taken a
wife he shall not go out with the
army, and no expedition shall be laid
upon him for any thing. He shall be
freed for his home for one year, and
enjoy the wife he has married.
6 You shall not take in pledge a mill-
stone or its carriage ; — for that would
be to pledge a life.
7 When a man is discovered stealing
a person who is his brother of the
sons of Israel, and has caused him
to be bound and sold ; — that thief
shall be put to death. Thus you
shall burn that crime from amongst
you.
8 Regarding contagious diseases, take
especial care to do all that I have
instructed you. The priests and the
Levites must take care to do accord-
ing to the rules I commanded them.
9 Remember what your Ever-living
God did to Miriam on the march out
of Mitzeraim.
io When as a creditor you lend your
neighbour anything, you shall not go
into his house to advance upon the
1 1 pledge. You shall stand outside, and
the man to whom you lend shall
bring to you the pledge at the out-
12 side; and although the man is poor
vou shall not take his bed as the
pledge. You shall return to him, 13
from his pledge, at the decline of the
sun both his bed and blanket, that
he may bless you ; — and it will be
righteousness to you in the presence
of your Ever-living God.
You shall not oppress the poor and 14
helpless of your brothers in their
wages, nor the foreigner who is in
your country, or your villages. You 15
shall pay them their wages daily,
when the sun shall set upon them,
for they are poor, and their life
depends upon them, — so that they
may not cry to the Ever-living
against you ; for it would be a sin
against you.
You shall not kill parents on 16
account of their children ; nor
children on account of their parents.
A man shall only be put to death for
his own crimes.
You shall not refuse justic to the 17
orphan of a foreigner ; nor shall you
distort it against the widow of a
foreigner, but remember that you 18
were slaves to the Mitzerites, but
your Ever-living God released
you from that ; therefore I command
you not to do those things.
When you reap your harvest on 19
your farm, and have forgotten a sheaf
in the field, you shall not return to
take it. It shall be for the stranger,
the fatherless, and the widow, so that
your Ever-living God may bless
you in all the work of your hand.
When you strip your olives you 20
shall not pick after yourself; that
shall be done by the stranger, the
fatherless, and the widow.
When you gather your vineyard, 21
you shall not glean after yourself;
that shall be for the stranger, the
fatherless, and the widow ; for you 22
must remember you were a slave in
the land of the Mitzeraim ; therefore
I command you to do these things.
When there is a dispute between 25
men, and they appear before the
Judge, he shall examine between
right and right, and wrong and wrong ;
and when he has decided between 2
the assailant and the assailed, he
shall cause him to be punished in
his own presence according to the
extent of his crime. You may inflict 3
198
25
DEUTERONOMY.
25—i6
forty strokes, — not more ; for fear if
you strike him beyond these many
lashes, your brother should become
degraded in your sight.
4 You shall not muzzle a bullock
when thrashing.
5 When brothers reside together and
one of them dies, and does not leave
a son ; the wife of the dead man
shall not be wife to a stranger. Her
brother-in-law shall go to her himself,
6 and marry his brother's wife, and the
first son that she bears he shall bring
up with his dead brother's name, so
that his name may not be wiped out
7 from Israel. But if the man refuses
to marry his sister-in-law, — then his
sister-in-law shall go to the court of
the Judges and say to them, " My
brother-in-law who could raise up a
name to his brother in Israel, is not
. willing to do his duty."
8 The Judge of the town shall then
summon him, and examine him about
it, when he shall appear and say, "I
am not willing to take her."
9 Then the sister-in-law shall ap-
proach to him in the sight of the
Judges and pull the shoe from his
foot and spit in his face and insult
him and say, " So let them do to
the man who will not build up his
brother's house ! " And he shall io
be nicknamed in Israel, "The Slip-
shod-man."
When men are fighting together, n
a man and his neighbour, and the
wife of one approaches to help her
husband by a stroke of her hand, and
puts out her hand and seizes him
by the genitals, — her hand shall 12
be cut off, — your eye shall not spare
her.
There shall not be in your bag 13
weight and weight ; full weight and
short weight.
There shall not be in your house 14
measure and measure ; full measure
and short measure. You shall have 15
a just and right weight ; you shall
have a just and right measure; so
that your time may be extended in
the land which your EVER-LIVING
God gives to you, for the Ever- 16
living your God abhors all who do
those wicked things.
End of the Eighth Oration.
199
25—17
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
26-- 1 6
SPEECH IX.
(itptfit (IT oniiuct in the }.1r0int:.ru U'auu.
auti Virtual for 3fmuuiU (Offerings.
17 Remember what Amalek did to you
on your march, as you came from
18 the Mitzeraim. How he met you in
the road and assailed your rear, — all
the sick who were following you, —
when you were weary, and harassed
you, — and he did not regard the
19 ambassadors, — therefore when your
Ever-living God has given you
peace from all your enemies around,
in the country that your Ever-
living God has given you to divide
into estates, wipe out the memory of
Amalek from under the skies. Do
not forget.
26 When you come into the country
which your EVER-LIVING God has
given you to divide, and possess, and
2 live in, you shall take the first fruit
of all the produce of the ground that
comes from the land which your
Ever-living God gives you, and
put it in a basket and carry to the
place where the Ever-living, your
3 God, chooses to fix His Name, and
go to the priest who may be in those
days, and say to him ;
" I have to-day brought to the pre-
sence of the Ever-living, your God,
some of what the land which the
Ever-living promised to our fathers
to give to us, has produced."
4 Then the Priest shall take the
basket from your hand, and set it
before the altar of your Ever-living
5 God. You shall then kneel and say
in the presence of your Ever-living
God;
" My ancestor was a wandering
Aramite and he went clown to the
Mitzeraim, as a foreigner, with a few
persons ; but he became there a great,
6 strong and numerous nation. Then
the Mitzerites wronged us, and
oppressed us, and imposed a cruel
7 slavery upon us ; but we cried to the
Ever-living God of our fathers,
and the Ever-living heard our
voice, and looked upon our affliction,
and our sorrow, and our oppression ;
and the Ever-living brought us out
from among the Mitzeraim with a
strong hand, and a directing arm,
and with great signs and wonders,
and revelations, and conducted us to
this place, and gave us this country ;
— a land flowing with milk and honey.
So now, see ! I have brought some
produce of the ground which the
Ever-living has given to me, and
have placed it before your Ever-
living God."
Then you shall bow clown before
your Ever-living God, and enjoy
yourself with all the good things that
your Ever-living God has given
you, and your family, — yourself, and
the Levite, and the stranger who is
amongst you.
Then afterwards fully tithe the
whole that is tithable of your produce
in the third year. You shall tithe
yearly, and give to the Levite, to the
foreigner, to the fatherless, and to
the widow, and they shall be fed in
your villages, and be satisfied.
You shall also declare before your
Ever-living God ; —
" I have eaten the consecrated part
with my family, and I have also given
of it to the Levite, and to the foreigner,
and the fatherless, and the widow,
according to all Your commands
which You have commanded me. I
have not passed over from Your
commands, and I have not evaded.
I have not used any part in self-
indulgence ; I have not consumed
any part in depravity ; I have not
given any part to the dead ; I have
listened to the voice of the Ever-
livixg God; I have done all that
He has commanded me. Look down
from Your Holy Dwelling, from
Heaven, and bless Your People of
Israel, and the land that You have
given to us, as You promised to our
fathers, — the land flowing with milk
and honey."
This very day your Ever-livixg
God commands you to practise these
institutions, -and these decrees, and
to preserve and do them, with all
your heart, and with all your soul.
26—i7
DEUTERONOMY.
26—iq
17 The Ever-living has told you to-
day He will be your God, and that
you must walk in His paths, and
preserve His institutions, and His
commands, and His decrees, — and
iS to listen to His voice. The EVER-
LIVING has also told you to-day to be
His Separated People, — as He com-
manded you, — and to preserve all
His orders, and to fix yourself high 19
over all the heathen, so as to make
yourself glorious, and famous, and
beautiful ; and that you should be-
come a People sacred foryourEVER-
LIVING God — as He commanded
YOU !
End of the Ninth Oration.
27-i
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
27
SPEECH X.
(Confirming nil IC'afos bn the |Jarlia-
mnttarn (Tousntt. anu Renouncing
^Junisljnwnts on gisolicuinurc.
27 Then Moses and all the Judges of
Israel commanded the People, say-
ing ;—
" Preserve all the commands which
2 I have ordered you to-day. And at
the time you pass over the Jordan to
the country that your Ever-living
God will give to 3tou, set up great
stones, and spread them over with
3 plaster, and engrave upon them the
whole of the commands of these laws,
when you pass over and arrive in the
country which the Ever-living,
your God, has given you ; — a land
flowing with milk and honey, — as the
Ever-living God promised to your
fathers.
4 "And when you have passed over
the Jordan you shall set up those
stones, as I command you to-day,
upon the Hill of Aibal, and plaster
5 them with plaster. You shall also
build an altar there to your Ever-
living God, — an altar of stones, —
you shall not use iron upon them.
6 You shall build the altar to your
Ever-living God of whole stones,
and shall offer upon it a burnt-offer-
ing to the Ever-living, your God.
7 You shall also sacrifice thank-offer-
ings, and feast there, and enjoy your-
8 selves before the Ever-living' Then
write upon the stones the whole of
the words of this Law, engraved
deeply."
g (Moses and the Levitical Priests
also proclaimed to all Israel, say-
ing ;— )
"To-day be silent, and listen,
Israel. You are to become the
People of the Ever-living, your
io God ! Therefore listen to the voice
of your Ever-living God, and put
in practice the Commands and Insti-
tutions that I command you to-day."
1 1 (And Moses further commanded the
People at that time, saying ; — )l
12 These shall stand upon Mount
Gherezim to bless the People ; —
1 Ch. xxvii., vv. i, 9, and n are an editorial
note of Aliazer to explain the proceedings.
-F. F.
Simeon, and Levi, and Judah, and
Issakar, and Joseph, and Benjamin.
And these shall stand upon Mount 13
Aibal, for the cursing ; — Reuben, Gad,
and Asher, and Zebulon, and Dan,
and Naphthali.
And the Levites shall speak with a 14
loud voice and say to every man of
Israel ; —
" Cursed be the man who makes a 15
statue or a casting, hateful to the
Lord, the product of the hands of a
mechanic, and sets it up in secret."
(Then all the People shall answer
and say ;) " He shall be."
" Cursed be whoever insults his 16
father or his mother ! "
(Then all the People shall say ;)
" He shall be."
"Cursed be whoever removes his 17
neighbour's land mark."
(Then all the People shall say ;)
" He shall be."
" Cursed be whoever misdirects a 18
blind man in his road."
(Then all the People shall say;)
"He shall be."
" Cursed be whoever refuses justice 19
to the foreigner, orphan, or widow."
(Then all the People shall say;)
" He shall be."
"Cursed be whoever commits 20
adultery with his father's wives ; —
who raises the covering of his father."
(Then all the People shall say ;)
" He shall be."
" Cursed be whoever copulates with 21
any beast."
(Then all the People shall say ;)
" He shall be."
' ' Cursed be whoever fornicates with 22
his sister, the daughter of his father,
or the daughter of his mother."
(Then all the People shall say ;)
" He shall be."
" Cursed be whoever fornicates with 23
his mother-in-law."
(Then all the People shall say ;)
'" He shall be."
" Cursed be whoever strikes his 24
neighbour in secret."
(Then all the People shall say : 1
" He shall be."
" Cursed be whoever takes a bribe 25
to kill an innocent person."
(Then all the People shall say :
" He shall be."
202
27—26
DEUTERONOMY.
28—29
26 " Cursed be whoever does not stand
by the commands of this Law to prac-
tise them."
(Then all the People shall say ;)
"He shall be."
28 But if you attentively listen to the
voice of your Ever-living God, and
take care to practise all the com-
mandments that I command you to-
day, then the Ever-living, your
God, will give you superiority over
2 every nation on earth, and all these
blessings shall come to you, and sur-
round you, because you listen to the
voice of your Ever-living God :
Clje Uleasntjja of (Dueoirncr.
3 You shall be blest in the city,
And blest in the field ;
4 Blest in the fruit of your body,
And blest in the fruit of your farm ;
And blest in the fruit of your cow,
And blest in the cast of your cattle,
And breeds of your sheep.
5 Blest in your basket,
And blest in your cask.
6 Blest in your going,
And blest in your coming.
7 Jehovah will make your opponents
To stumble before you, —
They shall advance by one path,
And fly from you by seven !
8 The Ever-living will command
blessing to your barns, and to every
work of your hand, and will bless you
in the country thatyour Ever-living
9 God has given you. Jehovah will
establish you as a People sacred to
Himself, as He promised, if you keep
the commands of your Ever-living
10 God and walk in His paths. Then
every People of the earth will see
that the Name of the Ever-living
has been fixed upon you, and they
11 will fear you, when the Ever-living
causes you to abound in benefits ; in
the fruit of your body ; and the fruit
of your cattle ; and the fruit of your
fields ; in the land which the Ever-
living promised to your fathers to
12 give you. The Ever-living will
open His best treasures from the
skies for you to give rain to adorn
your land, and to bless every work of
your hand.
Many nations shall borrow of you,
13 — but you shall not borrow! — for the
Lord will make you the Head, and
not the Tail ! and you shall continu-
ally rise higher and not be depressed,
—whilst you attend to the commands
of your Ever-living God, which I
command you to-day to preserve and
practise. — Therefore turn not from 14
any of the things that I have com-
manded you to-day, yesterday, and
before that, but walk after your
Ever-living God, and serve Him.
But if you will not listen to the 15
voice of your Ever-living God, to
continue to practise the whole of His
Commands and Institutions, as I
instruct you to-day, then these curses
will come upon, and surround you ; —
(Llje Curses of llruolt from (Goo.
You shall be cursed in the city, 16
And cursed in the field !
Cursed in your basket, 17
And cursed in your cask !
Cursed in the fruit of your body, iS
And fruit of your farms,
The cast of your cattle,
And breeds of your sheep !
You shall be cursed in your going, 19
And cursed in your coming !
The Ever-living will send you 20
cursing, blundering, and blame in
every attempt of your hand, till you
waste and rapidl>T perish before the
evils assailing you, and become
desolate !
These things shall pursue, until 21
you cease from the land that you go
to possess !
The Lord will strike you with con- 22
sumption, and fever, and wasting, and
burning ; and with sword, and blight,
and jaundice, and pursue until you
perish ! And the skies over your 23
head shall be brass ; and the ground
beneath you iron ! The Lord will 24
rain powder on your land ; and dust
from the skies shall fall upon you,
until you are a desert ! The Lord 25
will give you to defeat before your
enemies ! They shall meet you on
a single road, — but you shall fly
before them by seven roads ; and be
in terror of every government on
earth ! And your carcases shall be 26
food to all the birds of the skyr, and to
the beasts of the earth ; and none
will drive them off ! And the Ever- 27
living will inflict the ulcer of the Mit-
zeraim upon you, and tumours, and
scurvy, and the incurable itch ; and 2S
the Ever-living will afflict you with
madness, and blindness, and bewilder-
ment of heart ! And you shall grope 29
for a window, as a blind man
gropes in the darkness, and shall not
203
28— 3o
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
28-58
find your way ; — and you shall also
be wronged, and robbed, daily ; and
30 find no defender ! You shall wed a
wife, and another man lie with her !
You shall build a house, but not
dwell in it ! You shall plant a vine-
31 yard, and not eat of it ! They shall
kill your ox in your sight, but will not
allow you to eat of it ! They will
steal your ass before your face, and
never return it ! Your sheep will be
given to your enemies, and no one
32 will help you ! Your sons and your
daughters will be sold to foreign
nations, — your eyes shall see it, — and
long for them every day, and possess
them not !
33 A People whom you have not known
shall consume the produce of your
34 farms, and all your acquisitions ; and
you shall be plundered, and oppressed
at every time, and be maddened by
the sights your eyes shall see.
35 The Ever-living will inflict you
with a bad ulcer on your knees, and
on your legs, which you cannot cure,
from the sole of your foot to your
36 crown ! The Ever-living will make
you, and the kings you have raised
over yourselves, go to a nation which
neither you nor your fathers have
known, and there you shall serve
37 vile gods of wood and stone ; and
become a word of reproach and
abuse among all the Peoples where
the Ever-living drives you !
38 You shall take much seed out to
the field, and reap little, for the locust
39 shall destroy ! You shall plant a vine-
yard,— but not drink its wine, nor
collect its grapes, — for the worm shall
40 consume them. Olive groves shall
be in all your fields, but you shall
not refresh yourselves with oil, — for
41 the olives shall drop off! You shall
beget sons and daughters, — but they
shall not be yours, but shall go to
slavery !
The caterpillar shall seize all your
trees, and the fruits of your fields !
The foreigner who is amongst you
shall climb up above you from station
to station, — but you shall sink lower
44 and lower ! He shall lend to you, —
he shall be the head, and you shall
be the tail !
And all these curses shall come
upon you, and pursue, and hunt you
to destruction, because you have not
listened to the voice of your Ever-
living God, to preserve His Com-
mands and the Institutions which He
4-'
43
15
ordained for you, and which should 46
have been a guide and instruction to
you, and to your posterity for ever.
But as you served not your Ever- 47
LIVING God with delight and gladness
of heart in your abundance of all
things ; — therefore you shall serve 48
your enemies, whom the Ever-
living will send to you, — in heat
and raging thirst, and nakedness,
and want ; and an iron yoke shall be
put upon your neck, until you perish !
The Ever-living will arouse against 49
you a nation from afar, flying like an
eagle from the end of the earth ; — a
nation whose language you have not
heard ; a furious nation, who will not 50
respect the presence of the old, nor
pity the young ; — and it shall devour 5 1
the produce of your cattle, and the
produce of your fields, until you are
ruined ; until you shall possess neither
corn, nor wine, nor a calf from your
cow, nor lamb from your sheep, until
you are brought to ruin ! And you 52
shall be oppressed in all your villages,
and your walls, towers and fortifica-
tions in which you trusted shall be
thrown down in the whole country, —
and you shall be harassed in every
village of the land which your Ever-
living God gave to you ! And you 53
shall eat the fruit of your body, — the
flesh of your sons and your daughters,
—whom your Ever-living God had
given you, — in the siege and distress
with which your enemies shall distress
you ! The friend who was very dear 54
and delightful to you shall turn his
eyes evil to his brother ; and to the
wives of his bosom, and to the re-
mainder of his children who are left,
to give one from amongst them as 55
food for his children, so that the rest
may eat from the corpse with him in
the siege and distress with which
your enemies distress you in all your
cities ! The delicate lady who allowed 56
not the sole of her foot to touch the
earth from delicacy and refinement,
shall look with evil eyes upon the
husband of her bosom, and her sons,
and her daughters, and the new-born 57
child that comes on her lap, and her
children whom she has borne, that
she may eat them in the absolute
famine in secret, in the siege and
distress with which your enemies
shall distress you in your gates. — If 5S
you do not take care to practise the
whole of the things of this Law, written
in this book, and to reverence the
204
28-59
DEUTERONOMY.
28—68
glory of this magnificent Revelation
59 of your EVER-LIVING God ; for the
Ever-living will make your own
punishments, and the punishments
of your posterity, astounding by these
great inflictions and diseases, and
60 sicknesses, and prostrations ; and
will turn upon you all the maladies
of the Mitzerites which you feared
when present with them, — and they
6 1 shall stick to you ; — besides numerous
diseases, and many plagues that are
not written in the record of this Law.
The Ever-liyixg will bring them
62 upon you, until you are desolate, and
are a small remnant, instead of being
like the stars of the heavens for
number, because you have not listened
to the voice of your Ever-livixg
63 God. And as the Ever-livixg
was before delighting over you to
benefit you, and to increase you, —
then the Ever-livixg will delight
to destroy, to desolate, and to bear
you away from the ground which you
64 have come to possess ! And the
Ever-livixg will scatter you amongst
all the Peoples, from one end of the
earth to the other end of the earth ;
■ — and there you shall serve vile gods,
which neither you nor your fathers
knew, of wood and stone ! And amid 65
those heathens you shall have no
quiet or comfort to the soles of your
feet, but the Ever-living will give
you there a trembling heart, and
languishing eyes, and a wretched
spirit ; and your life shall be in sus-
pense to you in the present, and you
shall tremble night and day, and
have no certainty for your existence.
In the morning you shall say; "I
wish it were evening!" and in the
evening you shall exclaim, " I wish it
were morning,'' because of the fear of
your heart that terrifies you, and from
foreseeing what your eyes perceive !
The Eyer-liyixg will aiso cause 68
you to return to the Mitzeraim, by
that mournful way, which I have told
you never to retrace, or to look upon ;
— and you will there offer to sell
yourselves to your enemies as men
and women slaves, — and none will
buy you.
66
67
EXD OF THE TEXTH OrATIOX.
205
28—69
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
29—24
SPEECH XL
(filjortation to (Bbzbimzt, nuii lk.p-
pointnwnt ol ^asljua as
(Hommaniicr.
6g (The following are records of the Cove-
nant that the Ever-living commanded
Moses to make with the children of Israel
in the country of Moab, in addition to the
Covenant that was recorded with them
in Horeb.)
29 (Moses accordingly assembled all Israel
and said to them ; — ) 1
You saw all that the Ever-living
did in your sight, in the land of
Mitzeraim, to Pharoh and to all his
officers, and to all his country,
2 their great defeats which your
eyes saw, — the wonders, and the
great manifestations upon them.
3 But the Ever-living did not give
you a heart to understand, and eyes
to see, and ears to hear, until to-day.
4 Although you wandered forty years
in the desert, you were not deficient
in clothing upon yourselves, and your
shoes were not stripped from your
5 feet. You did not eat bread or drink
wine or beer, so that you might learn
that I am your Ever-living God.
6 Then you came to this place and met
Sihon king of Heshbon, and Og
king of Bashan, and you advanced to
7 fight, and slew them, and took their
country, and give it to be divided by
the Reubenites, and Gadites, and the
8 half tribe of Manasseh. Therefore re-
member the contents of this covenant
and practise them, so that you may
reflect upon all you are bound to do,
9 You are to-day all of you stationed
before the Ever-living, your God ;
— your nobles, your governors, your
judges, and your officials, every man
io of Israel ; your children, your wives,
and the foreigners who are amongst
you ; — the hewers of wood, and
1 1 drawers of water for you ;— to assent
to the Covenant of your Ever-living
God, and to swear to what the EVER-
living, your God, has agreed with
12 you to-day, so that you may rise up
1 V. 69 of Ch. xxviii., and v. 1 of Ch. xxix.,
are an editorial note, probably by Aliazer the
Priest, when editing his Master's Orations for
the Ark of Witnesses. — F. F.
from to-day to be a People for Him,
and He may be a God to you, as He
promised you, and as He swore to
your fathers,- — to Abraham, to Isaac,
and to Jacob. Since it is not I 13
alone who made this Covenant and
this confirmation with you, that is 14
established here with us to-day before
the Ever-living our God, and which
is confirmed to us here to-day. For 15
you know that we resided in the land
of the Mitzeraim, and that you were
slaves amongst the heathen whom
you served ; and you saw their cor- 16
ruptions, and their idols, of wood,
and stone, of silver and gold, that
they have! Take special care to 17
yourselves, man or woman, or family
or tribe, who has a heart, from turn-
ing to-day from our Ever-living
God, to go and serve the gods of
those Heathen, — lest there should be
a root bearing poison and anguish
amongst you.
But should anyone listening to the 18
words of this oath say to himself in
his heart, " I shall prosper, although
I walk in the ideas of my heart, for
my cup is full when I am thirsty ! "—
the Ever-living will not be ready 19
to forgive him, but the Lord's anger
and indignation will smoke at that
person, and He will heap upon him
all that is written in this record, and
the Ever-living will wipe his name
from under the skies, and the Lord 20
will set him apart for evil, in every
tribe of Israel, for all the curses of
the covenant written in the record of
this Law. And the future genera- 21
tions of your sons, who may arise
after you, and the strangers who
come from distant countries and see
the afflictions of the country, and the
curses with which the Ever-living
has cursed it, shall exclaim, ' Brim- 22
stone and salt burn all the country!
It is not sown—does not grow, — and
produces no vegetation, like ruined
Sodom and Gomorah, Admah and
Tzeboim, whom the Ever-living
destroyed in His anger and in His
wrath! "
And all the nations shall ask, 23
" Why has the Ever-living afflicted
this land ? Why should His great
indignation burn so?" When they 24
206
29— 25
DEUTERONOMY.
30—20
will be answered, " Because they
rejected the Covenant of the Ever-
living, the God of their fathers,
„ which He made with them when He
brought them out of the land of the
25 Mitzeraim, and they went and served
other gods, and worshipped them ; —
gods whom they knew not, and who
26 could not benefit them." Therefore
the anger of the Lord burnt against
the country, and He caused all the
affliction written in this record to
come upon it.
27 The Ever-living will also pluck
you up from the ground with violence,
and with great wrath, and fling you
into other countries.1
28 The Secret Reasons are with our
Ever-living God ; but the revela-
tions are with us and our children for
ever, that we may practise the whole
of the Decrees of this Law !
itciuaruG at Upturn tn (Doti.
30 Consequently when these events
come upon you, the blessings and
the cursings which I have put before
you, and you cause your heart to turn
back in every nation where your
Ever-living God has scattered you,
2 and you return to your Ever-living
God, and listen to His voice in all
that I have commanded you to-day,
you and your children, with all your
3 heart and with all your soul, — and
return to your Ever-living God, —
your rest and your comfort, — then
the Ever-living, your God, will
come again and collect you from
every People where He had scattered
4 you. If you have been drawn to the
limits of the sky, your Ever-living
5 God will collect you from there, — the
Ever-living, your God, will take
you and bring you to the country
your fathers possessed, and you shall
possess it, and will cause you to
prosper, and increase more than
6 your fathers. And the Ever-living
God will mould your hearts, and the
hearts of your posterity, to love your
Ever-living God, with all your
7 soul, so that you may live ; and the
Ever-living will put all those afflic-
tions upon your enemies, and on
those who hated and persecuted you,
S when you repent and listen to the
1 End of v. 27, " as it is now," is a Masonic
note, not part of the text.— F. F. ~
voice of the Ever-living, and
practise all His commands, which I
command you to-day. Your Ever- 9
living God also will cause you to
excel in every work of your hand, —
in the fruit of your body, in the
produce of your cattle, in the beauti-
ful produce of your farms, — for the
Ever-living will come to rejoice
over you in delight, as He rejoiced
over your fathers, — because you listen 10
to the voice of your Ever-living
God, to preserve His Commandments
and Institutions which are written in
this record of the Law, — when you
return to the Ever-living, your
God, with all your heart and with all
your soul. For these laws which I 11
command you to-day, will never
depart, or go far from you. They 12
are not in the heavens, that you
should say ; — " Who can go up for us
to the heavens, and bring them to us
that we may listen to and practise
them ? " Nor are they across the sea, 13
that you should say, " Who can cross
over for us, and bring them to us,
that we may hear and practise them ? ' '
— for the matter is very close to ycu,
in your mouth, and in your heart to 14
practise.
Look ! I put before you to-day 15
Life, and Prosperity, — and Sin, and
Death ! What I propose to you 16
is Life, — to love the Ever-living,
your God, — to walk in His ways,
to preserve His Legislation, and
Institutions, and Decrees, when your
Ever-living God will increase you,
and bless you in the land which you
are going to possess !
But if your heart revolts, and you 17
will not listen, but degrade your-
selves, and worship vile gods, and
serve them, I announce to you to- 18
day that perishing you shall perish ; —
your time shall not be long* on the
ground which you are passing the
Jordan to go and possess ! Bear 19
witness to me, now, Heavens and
Earth ! I place Life and Death
before you, — the Blessing and the
Curse ! Therefore choose for your-
selves the Life,— that you and your
posterity may live ! Love your Ever- 20
living God, listen to His voice, and
hold to Him, — for He will give you
life, and extend your time, to rest
upon the land that the Ever-living
promised to your fathers, — to Abra-
ham, to Isaac, and to Jacob to give
them.
207
31-i
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
31—13
|Jm»rat:mt to tijr ^arUaitwni af
Israel.1
31 (Then Moses proceeded to conclude his
speeches to all Israel, and said to them :)
2 "I am the son of a hundred and
twenty years to-day ! I am no longer
able to go out far, or to come back ;
and the Ever-living has said to
me, 'You shall not pass over this
3 Jordan.' The Ever-living, your
GOD, Himself will pass over before
you ! He will destroy those heathens
from before you, and drive them out !
The Saviour Himself will pass over
before you, as the Ever-living has
4 said, and the Ever-living will do
to them as He did to Sihon and to
Og, kings of the Amontes, and to
their country which you destroyed.
5 The Ever-living will thus deliver
them to your face, and you shall do
to them, exactly as you were com-
6 manded. Take courage ! Be strong !
Eear not ! Tremble not before
them! for your Ever-living God
Himself marches with you i He
will not forsake or desert you." 2
l Ch. xxxi., v. 1 is an editorial note
undoubtedly contemporary with Moses, pro-
bably by Aliazer the priest. — F. F.
- Ch. xxxi., vv. 7, 9, 10, are original
introductory notes to the last addresses of
Moses, probably by Aliazer.— -F. F.
(Moses then called to Joshua and said to 7
him in the sight of all Israel:)
" Be strong and bold ! for you shall
bring this People to the land which
the Ever-living promised to Abra-
ham, to give to them, and you must
divide it amongst them, and the 8
Ever-living Himself will march
before you, — He will be with you.
He will not forsake; or abandon
you ! Fear not ! Shrink not ! "
1 Muses afterwards engraved this law. 9
and gave it to the Priests, the sons of Levi,
who carried the Ark of the Covenant of the
Ever-living, and to all the Judges of
Israel ; Moses also ordered them saying :) 10
"At the end of every seven years,
at the year of release, and at the
Feast of Tabernacles, when all 11
Israel goes to see the Presence of
your Ever-living God, in the place
which He chooses, you shall read this
Law to all Israel, in their hearing,
at a Public Meeting of the People, 12
of the men, the women, the children,
and the foreigners who are in your
villages, so that they may hear, and
learn, and fear the EVER-LIVING,
your God, and take care to practise
all the commands of this law, and 13
that their children, who know it not,
may hear and learn to fear the Ever-
living, your God, all the time of
their life upon the land that you are
crossing the Jordan to possess."
End of the Eleventh Oration.
20S
31—i4
DEUTERONOMY.
32—2
SPEECH XII
18 ring tljs ^public £$mtg oi iilnscs.
anir Appamtmcnt oi Jnsljua.
14 The Ever-living afterwards said
to Moses; "Now that your days
approach death, summon Joshua, and
station him in the Hall of Assembly,
and I will instruct him."
(Moses and Joshua therefore went and
stationed themselves in the Hall of As-
15 sembly, and the Ever-living appeared
in the Hall of Assembly in a Pillar of
Cloud, and the Pillar of Cloud stood at
16 the opening of the Hall, and the Ever-
living said to Moses :) 1
(Boii ioxeidh the Apcatitaw of
Israel.
' ' You are now to sleep with your
fathers ; when this People will arise
and whore after the foreign gods of
the country where they are going to
reside, and they will revolt from Me,
and break the Covenant that I made
17 with them ! But My anger will burn
against them at that time, and I will
turn from them, and hide My face
from them, and they shall meet many
miseries and sufferings to devour
them, when they will exciaim ; ' Is
there no God near me to bring me
18 out from these miseries ? ' But I
will hide My presence' carefully at
that time, because of all the wicked-
ness which they have done when
19 turning after other gods ! Therefore,
now, write for them this song, and
teach the children of Israel to put it
into their mouths, so that this song
may be a witness for Me with the
20 children of Israel ; for I will bring
them to the land, which I promised
to their fathers, flowing with milk
and honey, which they will eat, and
be satiated, and fatten, and revolt to
vile gods, and serve them, and despise
21 Me, and Break My Covenant. But
when these many miseries, and dis-
tresses, and troubles meet them,
then this song will be before them
as an evidence ;— for it will not be
forgotten from the mouth of their
1 This introduction is clearly from the pen
of Aliazer the Priest, who edited these Ora-
tions of Moses, and is another internal proof
of the authenticity of these speeches of
Moses.— F. F.
P.
race, — that I knew to-day the distress
which they would then suffer, before
they arrived in the country which I
had promised."
Moses consequently wrote the song 22
on that day, and taught it to the
children of Israel.
(Afterwards he instructed Joshua the 23
son of Nun, saying ; — )1
' ' Be strong and bold ! for now the
children of Israel are going to the
country which I promised to them
and I will be with you."
(When Moses had finished engraving 24
the commands of this Law in a record to
its end, he commanded the Levites who 25
carried the Ark of the Covenant of the
Lord, saying;)
" Take this Book of the Law, and 26
place it inside the Ark of the Cove-
nant of the Ever-living, your God,
and it shall be there as a witness to
you, that I knew your rebelliousness 27
and your stiff neck ; — here, whilst I
lived with you ; to-day, you are mur-
muring againstthe Ever-livixg, and
will be so after I die ! Assemble all 28
your Judges, Princes, and Governors
to me, and I will recite in their hear-
ing these words, and I will call as
witnesses to them Heaven and Earth,
that I knew that after my death you 29
would corrupt, and turn yourselves
from the path which I commanded
you, and acquire for yourselves
misery in the future, — for you will
do evil in the eyes of the Ever-
living, and provoke Him by the
fabrications of your own hands."
(Then Moses repeated the words of 30
this song in the hearing of all the
Assembly of Israel to their end.)
SONG OF MOSES.
Stanza I.
(Tlj£ dhtuocattott.
Listen, Heaven, and I will speak, 32
And hear my utterance, Earth !
My teaching shall drop like rain, 2
My utterance spread like dew, —
1 Ch. xxxi., vv. 23, 25, and 30 are an
editorial note by Aliazer the Priest, upon the
original Copy for the Ark of Witnesses. Al!
further notes are the same— F. F.
209 p
32-3
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
32
Like showers upon the herbage,
And like sprinklings on the grass.
3 For I proclaim Jehovah's Name,
I exalt our Glorious God !
4 Whose fort is a perfect refuge,
For all His lines are straight !
A God of Truth, and not unjust,
Righteous and upright, He,
Stanza II.
©he Itcbrrlt from (600.
5 Corrupt, you have not His Son's
form, —
You wayward and fickle race ! —
6 Repay not thus to the Lord,
You stupid, and unwise clan.
Is He not your Forming-Father ?
Who made and constructed you ?
7 Remember the Times Everlast-
ing-
Reflect on the ages of years, —
Ask your father, who will inform
you,
Your elders, and they will relate,
8 How the Highest allotted the races,
When He divided the sons of Man,
Fixing the bounds of the nations,
With a place for Israel's sons !
Stanza III.
3ljoiu (500 pities Hjjs |3e0»le.
9 For the Lord is kind to His People,
To Jacob He measured his share !
10 Whom Hemetinadesertcountry, —
When he strayed in a howling
waste,
He turned him, and He directed,
He watched as the ball of His eye,
11 He guarded his nest, like an eagle,
He fluttered over his prey ;
He spread His wings to support him,
He carried him by their strength ; —
12 He was led by Jehovah alone, —
He had no strange god with him.
Stanza IV.
Ijoiu (5oo prospered ffawrlr, tret hoiu
his §0tts lucre iuickea.
13 He raised him high in the country ;
And he ate of the fruits of the field.
Sucked honey out of the cliff,
And oil from the flinty rock !
14 Cows' cheese, and butter of sheep
Along with best of the lambs,
And of Bashan's rams and goats,
With the fattest grains of the wheat !
15 Drank the foaming blood of the
grape ;—
Yet the fat good-man wou Id kick ! —
You were fat, you were stout and
bloated,
And forsook your Maker,— your
God!
And fell from the Rock of His 16
safety,
And by Strangers raised His wrath,
By Depravities raised disgust, 17
And Godless worshipped Demons;—
Gods that they never knew, —
Fresh from abroad imported,
Whom your fathers never feared, — 18
And neglected the Power that made
you,
And forgot your God in your lust. 19
Stanza V.
Ijoro (600 sorrohis oher iltan's §ins.
But the Lord will see — and will
sorrow,
Be sad for His daughters and sons, 20
Say, "My face I will veil from
them, —
I will see what it is they pursue !
For they are-a race that is faithless,
They never will build on the truth, 21
They provoke Me with fictile gods,
They insult with the idols they
make.
So I vex by an Unknown People,
By a nation unthought I provoke ! 22
Stanza VI.
(The i\hmiohmettt upon ^ht.
Then a fire shall go from My
presence,
And burn down to the pit below, —
And consume the land and its
produce ;
And, igniting the base of the hills, 23
It shall rush to their top with a
roar ! —
I will feed My arrows upon them ; — 24
Mad with famine and fever's rage,
As a bitter force of destruction,
I will send fierce beasts upon them
With the venomous snakes of the 25
dust ; —
Without the sword shall devour,
And Terrors invade their homes,
Alike on the youth and the maiden,
The suckling child, and the grey 26
beard : —
I declare I would blow them away,
I would blot from the memory of 27
man, —
Unlesson account of their foemen —
Lest their oppressors should see,
And say, ' Our own hand has
conquered ! ' '" —
- U^L*_J^
Cry
32—28
DEUTERONOMY.
32—48
28 But did not Jehovah do it ?
For the race was bereft of its senses,
29 And had no understanding left.
Stanza VII.
05ou jjrwtoa ai iltnn's Irreflsrttott.
30 I would they were wise to reflection,
That they understood its results ;
Then one should chase a thousand
And two could repulse a host ; —
Except for the Power Who sold
them,
31 And the Lord Who delivered them
up!
For their Rock is not like our Rock,
32 Our foes being judges themselves.
For their vine is a true stock of
Sodom,
From Gomorah's blasted farm ;
Its bunches are bunches of
poisons, —
33 Bitter clusters of grapes it yields.
Their wine is the venom of serpents,
34 And the poison of deadly asps. —
Is it not stored up beside Me,
35 And well sealed up in My barns,
A means of avenge and requital,
When the time of their punishment
comes ?
When their day of distress ap-
proaches,
36 Its agents are ready prepared.
Stanza VIII.
(&ob iuill rrarrm His rrprutaut
^Jroplr.
Then the Lord will redress His
People ; —
For His servants He deeply grieves,
When He sees their power depart-
ing,
37 And fail, and fade, and decay.
Then He asks, " Where now are
their godlings ?
38 The powers upon whom they
trust, —
Who ate the fat of their offerings,
And drank up the draughts of their
wine ?
Can they now arise and help you ?
39 Can they now be your hope ?
Stanza IX.
(60a is our anivt ilriuijc, our true
Ijcluer.
Look ! I only Myself am That !
And there is no God but Me,—
I am the Truth and the Life, —
I wound, and I can restore,
And none can tear from My
hand !
So I lift up My hand to the heavens, 40
And declare, as for ever I live,
I will flash My sword as the light- 41
ning,
And Justice stands on My right !
I will put distress upon tyrants,
And repayment upon My foes !
My darts will be drunk with their 42
blood,
And My sword will devour their
flesh;
Drink the blood of the slain and
captives,
And the chiefs who lead on My
foes !
Stanza X.
(5o£r urnmkco ^nUtation tmb 3frcr-
£imu tu tljr lijratljru auo His
^Jruulr.
You Heathen, rejoice with His 43
People !
For He raises the blood of His saints,
And upon their oppressors does
justice,
And the land of His People pro-
tects.1
(Moses came forward and recited all the 44
words of this song in the hearing of the
People, and of Hoshea the son of Nun.
When Moses had finished reciting all 45
these verses to Israel, he said to them ;)
" Fix upon your hearts all the ideas 46
which I have commanded to you, and
to your children, from the first until
to-day, and take care to practise the
whole of the purport of this legis-
lation ; for I have not merely spoken 47
myself to you, but He Who is your
Life has spoken it, to extend your
times upon the land which you pass
over the Jordan to possess." 2
(The Ever-living afterwards spoke to 48
Moses on that very day saying ;— )
1 Vv. 44, 45, are an editorial note of Aliazer
the Priest, for the Sacred Copy of the Ark of
Witnesses. — F. F.
2 Vv. 48, 49. The words in brackets are an
editorial note of Aliazer, not part of the text.
— F. F.
(It is in the country of Moab, opposite 49
Jerikho.)
All these statements that these speeches
were recorded in writing on the east of
Jordan, in Moab, are conclusive proof that
they are the production of Moses. — F. F.
32—49
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
33—17
49 "Go up the hill by the ford, — to
Mount Nebo, — and survey the land of
Canan, which I will give to the chil-
50 dren of Israel for possession ; and
you shall die upon the mountain
that .you ascend, and be added to
your people, as Aaron your brother
died on the Hill of Hills, and was
51 added to his people, — because you
did not exalt Me among the children
of Israel at Meribah of Kadesh, in
the desert of Tzin, where you did not
sanctify My presence among the
52 children of Israel. Therefore you
shall survey the country near it, but
you shall not enter the country which
I will give to the sons of Israel."
Stanza I.
®Ije ^lcssitt0 of jRosfs.
33 (And having been thus spoken to, Moses,
the Man of God, blessed the sons of Israel
before his death and said ; — ) l
2 "The Lord came down from
Sinai,
And on them shone from the
Tempest,
He blazed from Paran's hill,
And brought ten thousand Saints
His flaming right-hand ruled,
3 For love of His sacred tribes.
Stanza II.
%\)t ^Unmiljtn's §*rr££.
'• On your hand let them trust,
At your word rise and march,
4 Let Moses give them Laws,
As Prince of Jacob's Host,
5 And be Yeshurun's Leader,
Controlling the Nations' Chiefs,
Uniting Israel's Tribes.
iH05fs lueses the % xihts.
" Let Reuben live, — not die, —
And let his number be great ! "
7 (He then said to Judah,)
" Let the Lord hear Judah's voice,
And His hand go out with his
men,
As a power and help from his
foes."
8 (And then to Levi he said ;)
"You have the Sweetness and
Light, —
You are with the one with a
trust,
1 Ch. xxxiii., v. 1, was a note undoubtedly
by Aliazer the High Priest, made upon the
original copy for the Ark of Witnesses. — F. F.
For at Massah you showed your
truth,
And fought at the Waters of
Strife,
Who said to his father and 9
mother,
' I have no reverence for you ; '
And as brother he recognised
none,
And had no regard for his son,
When he was the guard of Your
Truth,
And stood in defence of Your
Bond ;—
Let them teach Jacob Decrees, 10
And in Israel settle Your laws,
And offer the incense to You,
On Your Altar presenting the
Gifts.
Bless, Lord, their power, and 11
work,
And break through the strength
of their foes,
And their enemies when they
arise."
(He said to Benjamin ;) 12
"The Beloved of the Lord rests
secure,
Relying on Him all the day,
And borne safe up in His arms."
(Then to Joseph he said :) 13
"May the Lord give bliss to His
land,
By the gifts of the skies and the
dews,
And with fountains bubbling
below,
And the bounties produced by 14
the sun,
And the gifts that increase with
the moon,
And gifts from the hills of the 15
East
And the wealth of the ancient 16
hills,
And the gifts that burst from the
ground,
And delights of the shadowing
palms,
Come all upon Joseph's head,
And crown him his brothers'
Prince.
Like a noble and splendid 17
prince, —
His horns are the horns of a bull ;
With them he will conquer
nations,
And unite the Land into one,
For the ten thousands cf
Ephraim, —
And Manasseh's thousands are
his ! "
33-if
DEUTERONOMY.
33—29
18
(Then he said to Zebulon ;)
By his brothers let him be
"Zebulon be glad in your Ports ;
loved,
And Issaker in your Halls !
And dabble his footsteps in oil ! —
19
They are called the Men of the
Your bars shall be iron and
25
Hills,
bronze,
Where they feast in a noble
And your wealth like the tide of
feast,
the seas."
For they suck of the wide
spreading seas,
®ljc £ast $ saint nf iHosco tn (Coir.
And the treasures that hide in
' «- X.
the sand ! "
"There is none like the GOD of
26
20
(Then turning to Gad, he said :)
Yeshurun,
"Let the horseman, Gad, be
Who rides on the heavens to
blest ;—
your aid,
Like a tiger he crouches down,
And floats on the heights of the
And tears with his arms and
clouds !
jaws !
His God is above from of old,
27
21
But he thought at the first for
And beneath, the Eternal Arms,
himself,
Who sweeps out the foe from
So was granted a princely home,
your face,
• And produced the leaders of men,
And gives the command to
Who did the work of the LORD,
destroy.
And first led My People right."
22
(Then he exclaimed to Dan ;)
Israel dwells alone, and secure,
28
" Dan is the whelp of a lion,
Jacob's spring in a land of the
Who leaps up out of Bashan ! "
corn,
23
(Then he said to Naphthali ;).
And his skies drop dews of wine !
"Naphthali loves to take rest,
Blest Israel ! who is like you ?
29
And be filled with the gifts of the
A Victor Race for Jehovah, —
Lord ;—
Your shield, your help, and your
He possesses the tides of the
sword !
sea."
You shall grow, and subdue your
24
(Then as to Asher said ;)
foes,
"Let Asher be blessed with his
And advance on their hills like a
sons,
road."
i
End of the Books of Moses.
213
34—i
THE SPEECHES OF MOSES.
34—12
Alia^r's (Cnurluimtij i"hm\itiln\
34 1 Moses then ascended the Hill of
Nebo, from the fords of Moab, up to
the peak of Pisgah, which is opposite
Jeriko, and the Ever-living showed
him all the country.'2
4 For the Ever-living had said to
him, "This is the country that I
promised to your fathers, to Abraham,
to Isaac, and Jacob, — saying I will
give it to your race. Look at it with
your eyes, for you shall not pass over
to it."
5 Moses, the servant of the Ever-
living, consequently died there be-
fore Jehovah, in the land of Moab,
6 and was buried in a valley in that
country behind Beth-peor.3
7 Moses was one hundred and twenty
years old at his death. His eyes were
not weak, and his strength had not
gone.
8 The children of Israel, however,
wept for Moses at the Fords of Moab,
thirty days, until the time of mourning
the loss of Moses was completed.
9 But Joshua the son of Nun was full
of spirit and intelligence, for Moses
1 Ch. xxxiv., v. i. This chapter is an editor's
note, undoubtedly that of Aliazer the High
Priest, as a record of the death and burial of
Moses.— F. F.
2 2 [from Ghilad to Dan, and Naphthali, and
the country of Ephraim and Manasseh,
and all the land of Judah to the Western
3 Sea ; and the south plain of the valley of
Jeriko, the City of" Palms, as far as
Tzur (Tyre) ]
Vv. 2, 3. The above words in brackets are
not part of the original text, but the note of an
ancient editor, probably Ezra, when he edited
the Books of Moses after the return from the
Babylonian Captivity, as the geographical
indications are clearly from the standpoint of
Jerusalem, not like the rest of the chapter,
from the Plain of Moab, east of the Jordan. —
F. F.
3 (But no one knows his grave at this day.)
had laid his hands upon him, so the
children of Israel listened to him, and
he acted as the Ever-living had
commanded to Moses.1
Qrttlion Jni dssfra ov some (Dltr
(LrattGcrtlier.
"The Fifth of the Fivefold Law is
done ; — ■
Thank God the Great and
Enlightening Sun."
"Courage."
(There never, however, arose a prophet 10
again in Israel like Moses, who saw the
Ever-living face to face, with all the 11
signs and. wonders which the Ever-
living sent him to effect upon the land
of the Mitzeraim, upon Pharoh and his
Ministers, and all his country, and with 12
so strong a hand, and with such great
revelations as Moses produced in the
sight of all Israel.)
l Vv. 10,11,12. These bracketed lines are a
note of Ezra probably, or some ancient editor
of his period, and do not form a part of the
original text. Such notes were formerly
usually bracketed in the original matter, the
ancient plan of writing upon a long roll of
skin or leather affording no space to put them
at the foot of the page, as we now do. I
have, however, in this translation, put them
in their proper place for our day,— at the foot
of the page. These ancient notes are a strong
proof of the authenticity and great age of the
Text as we still have it, as they must have
been added before the use of papyrus paper
had introduced the plan of folding books and
records into leaves. Layard's discoveries at
Nineveh prove that as late as the time of
Ezra (500 years before Christ) clay tablets,
written or engraved upon, and then baked,
were the ordinary materials used for records
and correspondence, although the Jews would
seem also to have begun to write upon skins,
then or shortly after, and hence the interlining
of these notes' Papyrus paper seems to have
been invented not much earlier than 400
before Christ, and not thousands of years as
modern sceptics assert. Consequently all
papyri pretending to greater antiquity are
forgeries. — F. F.
End of Volume I.
BRADBURY. AGNEW, & CO. LD., PRINTERS, LONDON AND TONBRIDGE.
WORKS BY FERRAR FENTON.
THE NEW TESTAMENT
IN
MODERN ENGLISH.
With occasional Critical Notes. Price 2/6.
SECOND EDITION. NINTH THOUSAND. CAREFULLY REVISED.
The above translated direct from the Greek
This interesting publication is marked by a distinct originality of purpose, and
will, we have no doubt, be readily welcomed by students of Scripture, who would
have a pure and unaltered translation, from the accurate Greek text. Mr. Ferrar
Fenton has already translated a great part of the Old Testament into Modern English,
and it was as long ago as 1883 that he issued his rendering of the Pauline Ep.stles.
He is eminently fitted for the life task to which he has devoted himself, and his
translation of the Holy Scriptures is carried out in a painstaking and scholarly
manner. — The Cork Constitution.
Field-Marshal the Right Honourable Viscount Wolseley, in a letter to
F. Fenton on this translation of the Gospel, writes :
"We translate our ' Homer' and our 'Xenophon,' etc., etc., into very different
English from that in which our forefathers, in the days of the Stuarts, translated the
Ancient Classics ;— why should we not deal similarly with the Holy Scriptures ? "
Published for the Translator by
Messrs. Horace Marshall & Son, and Messrs. S. W. Partridge & Co., London.
ST. PAUL'S EPISTLES
IN
MODERN ENGLISH.
With an Introduction. Sixth Edition. Price i/=.
Professor J. S. Blackie, of Edinburgh University wrote :
"5th May, 18S3.
"There can nothing but good arise from a person of independent thinking
making a new translation of the Epistles of St. Paul, as novelties of phrase largely,
even though not conveying any absolute new idea, shake people out of an unthinking
posture and stimulate enquiry. You are very happy in translating rofiu by ' an
instituted law ' ; that is just what St. Paul meant."
Dr. E. Plumptre, Dean of Wells, wrote :
"I have been too much occupied to enter on a minute examination of your
version, but, so far as I have seen, it seems to have been executed carefully' and
conscientiously."
Field-Marshal the Right Honourable Viscount WOJLSELEY writes :
" I start on Saturday for some foreign duties, winding up with a cruise in the
Mediterranean. I shall take your St. Paul's Epistles with me. The idea of putting
them into Modern English is quite new to me. In your words they read so smoothly,
and come to the understanding so much more easily, that I think the books have
only to be well known to be generally adopted."
The Rev. Henry Stretton, Vicar of.East Ville, Boston, wrote :
" I like your contribution to Pauline interpretation very much."
St. Paul's Epistles in Modern English. — Continued.
H. B. Collins, Esq., London, wrote:
"This morning brings me not only your letter, but also one from a friend (a
bookseller), a man of good sound judgment. He writes : ' I am much struck with the
ability displayed, and give expression to my own admiration of the strikingly clear
presentment of St. Paul's meaning.' He desires me to send him a dozen copies.
Will you please send them to me."
The Rev. H. S. Champneys, Rector of Epperstone, Notts., wrote :
" I am delighted with your translation of Paul's Epistle to the Romans."
Keshub Chunder Sen, the Native Apostle of India, wrote:
" Simla, 15th June, 1883.
" You would certainly do a great work if you could spread a knowledge of Paul
in the east and the west, and by translating his Epistles into modern and intelligible
English,, create a deeper and more appreciative interest in his teaching. Here, in
India, the number of educated natives who understand English, and are at the same
time interested in theological literature, is small. However, I shall try to publish
from time to time in our press organ ' The Liberal and New Dispensation,' the more
striking passages of your excellent version of the Epistle to the Romans, which may
be of particular interest to my countrymen. Trusting you will persevere, &c."
THE BOOK OF JOB
TRANSLATED DIRECT FROM THE HEBREW, AND IN THE SAME
METRE AS THE ORIGINAL.
Price, 4to, Art Edition, ^\6. In Paper Cover, 8vo, 8d.
The Right Reverend E. H. Bickersteth, D.D., Lord Bishop of Exeter, says:
" I think it a very able version."
St. Paul and the Bock of Job are published for the Translator by
MESSRS. HORACE MARSHALL & SON,
TEMPLE HOUSE, TEMPLE AVENUE, LONDON, E.C. ;
And Sold by all Booksellers.
THE BIBLE in modern English.
(TO BE ISSUED IN FOUR VOLS.)
VOL. 1.— THE FIVE BOOKS OF MOSES.
Direct from the Hebrew.
Vol. L, Price 2/6 nett, Cloth. In Leather, Gilt, 6/- nett, per Vol.
Published for the Translator by
Messrs. S. W. PARTRIDGE & CO.,
8 & 9, PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON, E.C;
And Sold by all Booksellers throughout the World.
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