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BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY
OF
MEDALLISTS
VOLUME III.
I — MAZ.
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LEONE LEONI
At the Age of 30. 2. At the Age of 4
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BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY
MEDALLISTS
COIN-, GEM-, AND SEAL-ENGRAVERS
MINT-MASTERS, &c:.
ANCIENT AND MODERN
WITH REFERENCES TO THEIR WORKS
B.C. 500 — A.D. 1900
COMPILl'll
VOLUME III
I — MA2,
EDITION LIMITED TO 5OO C
SPINK & SON L"
17 & i8 PICCADILLY W. AN!
, Google
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BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES
MEDALLISTS
Coin, Gem-, and Seal-Engravers, Ancient and Modern,
luith References to their Works.
B.C. 500 — A.D. 1900
I Fide JUNZINGER. Miiu-master at Durkcii, 1626.
1 rii^e ANTON VON JANINALLI. Mint-master at Prague, 166S-1688.
I Fide JOHANN HEINRICH (SAGAN). Mint-master at Sagan, in
Wallenstein's service, 1628.
I Fide JACHTMAKN, JOHANN LUDWIG. 1776-1842. Medallist at
Berlin.
A.I. Fide ALEXEI IWANOFF. Die-sinker at St. Petersburg, during
the early years of the nineteenth century (^circ. 1799-1802).
A. I. Fide ALBRECHT JAMNITZER. Die-sinker at Kuremberg,
'{- 1590-
K.l.B.Fide BALTHASAR JOHANN BETHMANN. Mint-master at
Darmstadt, 1707-1735.
B. I. B, Fide BALTHASAR JOHANN BENGERADT. Mint-master at
Frankfort-on-MainCj 1738-1762; died in 1784,
r.. FonEER. — BJpgmpbml NaUcnafMrdillhl. — III. 1
tiostsd by Google
B. I. D. Vidf BERNHARD JULIUS DEDEKIND. Mint-engravei- at
Brunswick, 1723, Mi lit -ward en in 1729, and Mint-master 1732-
1742.
C. I. Fide CONSTARTIN JABLONOWSKI. Mint-engraver at Olkusz,
in tiie district of Kraknu, 1767.
CLE. Fide BATSVEL. Mint-master at C:!ssel, 1744-1763.
C. I. L. Fi'i^eCHRISTOPH JAKOB LEHERR. Mint-engraver at Augs-
burg, 1683; suffered capital punishment in 1707 as a forger of
coins.
C. I. W. Vide CARL JOHANN WIKMANN. Medallist at Stockholm,
circa 1747-17S3.
Bibliography. — Schliclieysen-Pallmami, op. cil.
CI (Germ.'). This signature occurs in very minute characters on
the truncation of two medals, which Erman compares with the
works of M. Carl as offering a certain analogy of style and treatment.
These medals are : 1590. Veit Plant and his consort Anna (Berlin
Museum); — i6oo. Andreas Schmidmair (Berlin Museum; ilhts-
trated).
To the same artist, who may have been Christoph Jamnitzcr,
belong also the following works : 1593. Paul Breining (Berlin) ; —
1601. Balthasar Baumgartner (Berlin); and perhaps also : 1608,
S. Schweigger (Berlin); — as well as two medals, one large and
one small, ofSigmund Gamersfelder and consort Maria, i6i3(Beriin,
and Mer^bacher, Kunstriudailkn Kalalog, n" 400). Tlie medals of
S. Schweigger and S. Gamersfelder are signed C .
Bibliography, — Erman, Deutsche Medailletire, pp. 62 aad 78.
, Google
— 3 —
D.P. I, (7to/.). Signature of a Medallist wlio wns working c/Vi:« 1490.
It is found on a Portrait-medal of Filippo Casoli, Doctor and
Professor, Bust to L.I^.OMN.ITALIAE.GYMNAS. LECTORI—
— DPI. Apollo in cuirass, and holding musical instrument, is seen
walking above a town surrounded by fortifications.
BraLioGRAPHY. ^ Armand, Les MMaiUeun ilaliens, I, p. 101.
E. I. Fide ERICH JAGER. Mint-master at Zerbst, 1622-1625.
E. I. K. Fide KRULL. Mint-master at Hanau, Cassel and Frankfort-
on-M., 1737-1742, and Brunswick, 1742-1750; also J. K., E. K. or
EK.
F. I. G. Fide FRANZ JOHANN GILLY. Mint-master at Langcnargen,
1690-1694.
F. I. K. Fide FRANZ IGNATIUS KIRSCHENHOFER. Mint-mastcr at
Oppeln, 1673-1685.
F. I. W. Fide WURSCHBAUER, Medallist at Vienna, eighteenth
century.
G. I. (mon.) Fide JORG GEITZKOFLER. Mint-master at Joachhiis-
thal, 1563-1577,
G. I. (hwm.) Fide JONAS GEORGENS. Mint-mastcr at Steinebeck,
Lauenburg and Liineburg, 1603-1649.
G.I.B. (nwn.) Fide BVTHHETi. Mint-mastcr at Cassel, 1657-1680.
GI. RA. Fide GIORGIO RAN. Medallist at Rome, 1590-1610.
H. I. Fide HANS JAKOB. Mint-master at Saalfeld, 1612-1618; then,
until 1635, at Eisleben and Dresden.
H. I. Fide HEINRICH JAKOB. Mint-mastcr at Bautzen, 1666-1667.
H. I. A. B. Fide HANS JAKOB ARNOLD BRANTH. Mint-master at
Konigsberg, 1776-1797, Copenhagen, 1797, and Mint-director
there, 1802-1810.
H. I. B. Fide HANS JACOB BULLINGER. Mint-master and Engraver
at Zurich, 1660-1700.
H. I. G. Fide HANS JACOB GESSNER Sen'. Mint-master and Engrav-
er at Zurich, 1706-1736 ; — jun'^.. Mint-master and Engraver,
1745-1770.
H. I. G. B. H. Fide HEINRICH HILLE (Warden) and JOHANN GEORG
BUNSEN (Mirjt-master) at Frankfort-on-M., circa 1777-1798.
,stsd by Google
— 4 —
H. I. M. M. Fide HANS JACOB, Mint-master at Saalfeld, Eisleben
and Dresden, 1612-1625.
H. I. S. Fids HEINRICH JUSTUS SEBASTIANI, Mint-warden, 1692,
then Mint-master, 1694-1702, at Stcuerwald, near Hildesheim.
H. I. W. Fids HANS JACOB WOLRAB, Medallist and Coin-engraver
at Nuremberg, 1673-1690.
Bibliography. — Sch iickey sen-Pa II ma nti, ap. cit.
H. I. These initials occur on a Silesian Raitpfenningof tlie end of
the sixteenth century,
I. I. Vide JOHANN JACOB. Mint-master at Saalfeld, 1612-1618, af-
terwards at Eisleben (for the Counts of Mansfeld), and then,
apparently, between 1621 and 1635 at Dresden.
I.I. Tj^^ JACOB JACOBSON. Mint-master at Bromberg, 1621-1632,
and between 1632 and 1639 at Danzig, Elbing and Thorn.
I. I. Fide JULES JACOT. 1797-1879. Seal-engraver at Chaux-de-
Fonds, circ. 1840-1870.
I. I. or J. J. Fide JONAS JASTER. Mint-master at Hildesheim,
1710-1732.
1. 1. B. Vide BARRE, 1793-1855. Medallist and Coin-engraver at
Paris.
I. I. C. Vide JOHANN JAKOB KORNMANN of Augsburg. Medallist
who worked under the name of CORMANO at Venice and Rome,
during the second quarter of the seventeenth century, and in 1650
fell a victim to the Inquisition.
I. I. D. Vide JOHANN JACOB DIETZEL. Countermaker of Nurem-
berg, aVw 1710-1740.
1. I. E. Vide JOHANN JACOB ENCKE. Mint-master at Haoau, 174O-
1770, Also J, J. E. or J. JE.
I. I. F. f'iWe JOHANN JEEEMIAS FREITAG. Mint-master at Frankfort-
on-M., 1690-1719.
I. I. F. Vide IGNATZ JETZEL. Mint-engraver at Vienna, 1763-1781.
r. I. G. Fide JOHANN JEREMIAS GRUNOLER, Mint-master at Stol-
berg, 1710-1747, and Sangershausen, 1747-1750.
I. I. H. Vide JOHANN JOSEPH HERMANN. Mint-master to the city
of Cologne, 1715-1720.
,stsd by Google
I.I.I. Fide 30BST JACOB JANISCH. Mint-master at Celle, 1687-
1706, and Osiiabriick, 1720-1725. Also J. J, j.
I. I. I. Fide JOHANN JUSTUS JASTER. Mint-master at Liibeck,
1727-175S. Also J. J. J.
I. III. Fidel-WkS SCHNEESE. MiiU-mastei- at Moscow, 1752-1754.
I. I. L. Fide JOHANN JACOB LAUER. CouiitermakeratNijretnberg,
eighteenth ceiitary.
I. I. Fidf. JOUANNIN. Medallist at Paris, beginning of the
nineteenth century.
I. I. N. Fide JOHANN JACOB NEUSS. 1770-1847. Medallist at
Augsburg.
I. I. R. Fide JOHANN JACOB REPHUHN. Mint-mastcrat Neucnstcin,
1623-1624, in the serviceof the Counts of Hohenlohe.
1. 1. R. Fide JOHANN JACOB REICHEL. Die-sinker at Warsaw, 1792.
Also 1. I. R. F.
I. I, S. F. Fide IGNAZ JOSEPH SCHAUFEL. 1733-1812. Medallist at
Munich, 1768.
I. I. W. Fide JOHANN JACOB WOLRAB. German Medallist, died In
I, I. W, r/i/e JOHANN JACOB WAGNER. Mint-master at Stuttgart,
1680-1700.
SI. P. Vide SIMON PARMENSIS. Medallist of the sixteenth century.
S. IV. or S. lOU. Fide SAMUEL JOUDIN. Russian Medallist, area
1704-1740.
T. I. Fide THOMAS ISENBEIN. Mint-master at Bremen, 1634-1664.
T.I. Fide TIMOTHEUS IWANOFF. Medallist at St. Petersburg,
during the second half of the eighteenth century.
T. I. B. C. Fide TURIN (Mint) and JOH. BAFT. CUTTANEO (Mint-
master), 1570-1572.
T. I. P. G. Vide TURIN (Mint) and JOH. PETER GASTALDI (Mint-
master), 1517-1519,
W. I. Fide WENZEL JAMNITZER. 1507-1586. Medallist at Nurem-
berg. Also W, J.
,stsd by Google
Z, I. W. f^/W^ZACHARIAS JULIDS WEFER. Mint-mascei-atStolberg,
Ellrich and Muhlhausen, 1673-1676.
Bibliography. — Schlickeysen-Pallmanii, pp. cii.
I. A. rirfs JOHAHB AREHDSBURG. Sen^, Mint-master at Halber-
stadr, 1653-16^5; f 1667; - — Jim'., Mint-master at Zerbst and
Reiiistein, 1666-1676.
I. A. VideiOfSk ARENS. Mint-master at Herborn, 1684-1685.
I. A. r;W^ JULIUS ANGERSTEIN. Mint-master and Engraver at
Eisenberg,r692-i7o6, and later until 1710 at Weissenfels.
I. A. r/i/c JACOB ABRAM. 1723-1800. Medallist at Stettin, 1752,
Koenigsberg, 1757, and later at Berlin. Also A.
I. A, fj'ife JOSEPH AATZ, Mint-master at Maycnce, 1794-1796,
I. A. B. r?(i^ GIOVANNI ALOISIO BATTAJO.Mint-inspectorat Venice,
1646.
I. A. B. Viik JOHANN ADAM BOTTCHER. Mint-master at Schlciz,
1678-1679, and Weilbnrg, 1690.
I. A. B. Vide JOHANN ALBERT BAR. Mint-master at Goslar, 1705,
Eisenach, 1717-1718 ; died in 1750.
I. A- B. Vide JOHANN ALBRECHT BRAUNS, Mint-warden at Zellcr-
feld, 1711, then Mint-master, 1731-1739.
L A. B. r/i^e JACQUES ANTOINE DASSIER. 1715-1759. Medallist
and Coin-engraver at Geneva, London and St. Petersburg.
lA. F. Vide JACOBI. Die-sinker at Liege, 1762 -l" 1792.
I. A. H. Vide JOHANN ANSELM HALLAICHER, Mint-master at Wert-
heim, 1694-1696.
I. A. H. Vide JOHANN ABAM HANF. 1715-1776. Medallist at
Bairenth.
I. A. L, f^/i/f JOHANN ADAM LONGERICH. Mint-master at Cologne,
1700, Dortmund, 1705, and Diisseldorf, 1707-1708,
I. A, M. Vide JACOBO ANTONIO MORI (MORO or MORONE). Medal-
list at Rome, 1612-1623.
I. A. M. Vide MALM. Goldsmith and Coin-engraver atStockholm,
1221.
I. A, P. VidelG^klZ ANTON PUTZ. Mint-warden at Prague, 1702;
Mint-master, 1711-1713.
,stsd by Google
I. A. P. Vide JOHANN ANTON PFEFFER. Mint-master at Zellerfeld,
1763-1774.
I. A. R. Fide JOHANN ADAM REPHUHN. Mint-masterat Darmstadt,
1693-1705.
I. A. R. Fide ROTH. Medallist at Darmstiidt, 1740-1765.
I. A. S. Fide JOHANN ANTON SCHRODER. Mint-master at Hanover,
1751-1764, and Neuhaus near Paderborn, 1764-1791.
Bibliography. ■ — Schlickeysen-Pallmaiin, op. cit.
1. A. V. F. (Ital.) Signature of a Medallist who was working circa
1555. It occurs on a Portrait-medal of the Modenese Poet and Scholar
Pietro Lauri, obv. Bust to r. I^L. CEDATVR . A . MORTE . INIQVE .
LACESSENTES.LINGVE.VIPERIB VS. SIMILES. V. — 1555
within laurel-wreath.
Mazzuchelli attributed this medal to the Venetian sculptor
Camillo Bossetti, but Armand is of opinion that the letters I. A. V, F.
helow truncation of Pietro Lauri's bust represent the artist's signa-
ture.
Bibliography. — Armand, op. cil., I, 185.
I (Swiss). A school-medal of Solothurn, of the weight of Four
Ducats, with St. Ursus and St. Victor on obv. and inscript-ion on
IJi,., undated, is signedl. It is described in Poole, Catalogue of Swiss
Coins, p. 415.
I. AVG. (Jtai.'). Signature of a Medallist who was working circa
1575. A Portrait-medal in the British Museum Collection of Duke
Charles Emmanuel of Savo}', 1580-1630, is thus signed. On obv. is
a bust to L of the Duke, in cuirass, and with head bare, and on
^. DIRIG.DOMINE.GRES.ME. — I. AVG.FEC. Shechinah
advancing in front of the Israelites.
Milanesi suggests the Piedmontese sculptor GIOVANNI MARIA
AUGDSTELLO as the author of this medal.
BiBiioGRAPHY. — Armand, op. cit., I. 266, III, 127.
lADIS (Ro^nari). Probably a fictitious signature on a gem repre-
senting Diana walking and about to shoot an arrow. This bcrvl is
or was in the Percy Collection.
Bibliography.^ King, ..^"/ijiM Gems, p. 220.
I. B. (Germ.'). Initials of a Coin-engraver, on currency ot the
Palatinate, circa 1529.
I. B. Vide JOHANN BLUM. Medallist at Bremen, 1631-1650.
tiostsd by Google
I. B. Vide JOHANN BONHOEST. Mint-master ^t Gotlia, 1650.
I. B. Fide JOHANN BENSHEIM. Line-engraver and Die-sinker
who worked at Dantzig and Dresden, circa 1654-1693. Tlie medals
signed 1. B. should be given toBUCHHEIM.
I. B. Fide JOHANN BUCHHEIM. Medallist and Coin-engraver,
1654-1683, who worked for the city of Breslau, George and Louis
of Liegnitz-Brieg, and for John George of Saxony.
I. B. Fide JOHANN BOSTELMANN. Mint-master at Wernigerode,
1671-1674, and in the service of the Wittgensteins from 1675 to
1677.
I. B. Fide JONAS BOSEN. Mint-master at Hildesheim ; worked at
first for the Bishop, 1671-1676, then for the city, 1676-1695.
I. B. Fide JAN BOSKAM. Dutch Medallist, who worked at Bedin,
circa 1 679-1705, then at Amsterdam, 1705-1708. Also BK. F., I. B. F.
or I. BOSKAM.
I. B. Fide JOHANN ULEICH BEUPPACHER. Medallist and Mint-
engraver at Lucerne, 1714-1746. Also V. B.
I. B. Fide JEAN LE BLANC. A Paris Medallist, 1715-1752.
I. B, f/rfe JEAN BERNARD. A Paris Medallist, first quarter of the
eighteenth century.
I. B. Fide JOHAHN BOHRINGER. Medallist at Biberach, first half of
the eighteenth century.
I. B. /^iia JEREMIASBUNSEN. Mint-master at Arolsen, 1732-1744.
I. B. Fide JOHANN BENICKE. Mint-master at Warsaw, 1811-1830.
I, B. C, (Germ.). Signature of a Saxon Mint-master, found on
Henneberg Kreuzers of 1780 and ^ Vicariate Thalers of 1792,
I. BER. Fide HIEROMYMUS BERCKHAUSEN. Nuremberg Medallist,
1619-1636. Fide HOLDERMANM.
I. B. F. Fide JAN BOSKAM, Medallist at Amsterdam and Berfin,
1 690-1708.
I. B. G. Fide JOH. BAFT. GUGLIELMADA. Medallist at Rome, 1660-
I, B. G. Fide JOH. BALTH. GASS. Medallist at St. Petersburg,
[768-1797.
,stsd by Google
I. B. H. Vide JOHAKN BENJAMIN HECHT. Mint-warden at Zeller-
feld, 1732, and Mint-master, 1739-1763.
I. B. M, Vide JOH. BAPT. MERLEN. Medallist who worked in
England during the second quarter of the nineteenth century.
IBR. Vide JOHANNES BAPTISTA RAVASCHIERO. Mint-director at
Naples, 1525-1560.
I. B. R. Vide J. B. BOTH. 1802-1869. Medallist at Vienna.
I. B. S. fiWeJOHANNBERNHABDSCH«LTZ.Coin-engraverat Berlin,
1681-1697. He cut dies for Thalers and for the Brandenburg
Guinea -Ducat of 1692.
Bibliography. — Schlickej-sen-Pailmann, op. cil.
I. B. (Brit.). Artist's signature on a commemorative medal of the
Battle of the Boyne, with bust ot William III. on obv. and ^L.
inscription, MANET POST FUNERA VIRTVS within laurel-
wreath ; legend : CORK . BOYNE. This medal consists of two thin
embossed plates united, of rude workmanship.
BiBl.ioGRH'HY. — Franks & Grueber, Med. Illuslralions, I, p, 719.
1 B or possibly I. R. or even I H (Germ.'). Signature which Erman
has noticed on a fine oval medal of John George III. of Saxony,
which reminds one of Leygebe's work.
I. BER. ^/i^HIERONTMUS BERCKHAUSEN of Nuremberg.
1. BO. Vide GIULIO BONASONE. Medallist who worked circa 1556.
There is a medal of Jacopo Antonio Millius, dated MDLVI, signed
IBO.
Bibliography, — Armand, op. cit., I. 187, 111, 82.
I. C. (Brit.). Initials of an Engraver, who cut three medals on
George III.'s Recovery from insanity (Ainer. Journ. of Numism.,
n"'! 151, II 59 & II 63, the two first in Boston Coll").
I. C. Vide JOHANN KURZ. Mint-master at Glogau, 1622, 1662.
I. C. Vide JACOPO CELSI. Mint-rector at Cattaro, 1565-1567.
I. C. Vide JOHN CROCKER, 1670-1741 . Medallist in London, from
1697 to 1741.
I. C. Vide JACQUES CALLOT. Medallist of Nancy; died in 1685.
I. C. r/c/e JOSEPH CRONBERG. Mint-master at Vienna, 1766; died in
1804.
I. C. Vide JOSEPH COLLART. Medallist at Geneva, 1772 f 1830.
tiostsd by Google
I.e. Tii/f JOHAHKCROLL. Mint-master at Dresden, 1779-1804.
Also I.E. C.
I.e. Vide IWAN SIBELNIKOFF. Mint-master at St. Petersburg,
1796.
I. C. ra^ JOHAKN CONRADSEN, 1782-1856. Medallist atCopenlia;
gen, 1809-1840. ■
I. C. A. Fide JOLITJS CHRISTIAN ARENSBURG. Mint-master and
Medallist at Stettin, 1689-1691 and 1695 -1703, at Stade, 1691-1693,
and Schwerin, 1717.
1. C. A. Fide JOHANN KASPAR ARLETIBS. Originator of a medal of
Frederick the Great, 1780.
I. C. B. fiWe JOHANN CHRISTOPH BUSCHMEYER. Mint-master at
Coblence, 1659-1666.
I. C. B. /^;W£ JOHANN CHRISTOPHBAHR. Mint-master at Goslar,
1663-1668, Clettenberg, 1682, Walkenricd, 1688-1691, Gotlia,
1691, and Wolfenbiittel, 1693-1696.
I. C. B. (Mon.). ra^ JOHANN C. BILENBERG. Mint-warden at Riga,
1705-1707.
I. C. B. Vide JOHANN CHRISTOPH BUSCH. Mint-master at Ratisbon,
1741-1763.
I. C. B. Fide JOHANN CONRAD BANDEL. Mint-master at Cassel,
1744-1763, and Detmold, 1763-1769.
I. C. D. Fide JOHANN CHRISTOPH DURR. Mint-master at Erfurt,
1673-1676, and Weimar, 1677-1684.
I. C. E. Fide JOHANN CHRISTIAN EBERHARD. Mint-master at Saal-
feld, 1755-1765; Baireuth, 1765-1768; and Wercheim. He appears
to have also worked for Reiiss in 1673.
I. C, E. Fide JOHANN CHRISTOPH EBERHARD. Mint-master at
Wertheim, 1803. ._
I.- C F. Fide JOHANN KARL FALKNER. Mint-master at Darmstadt,
1681, and Eisenach, 1692-1693.
I. C. F. Vide J. COLIBERT. Die-sinker at Geneva, during the second
half of the eighteenth century.
I. C. F. rae JOHANK CONRADSEN. Medallist at Copenhagen, 1809-
1840.
>sted by Google
— II —
I. C. G. Vide JOHANR CHRISTIAN GITTERMANN. Mint-master at
Esens in East Frieskiiid, 1730-1746.
I. C. H. Fide I. C. HOLLENBACH. MediiUist at Berlin, first lialf of
the nineteenth centnry.
I. C. H. Vide JOHANN CHRISTIAN flILLE. Mint-master at Stralsund,
1706 -[-1721.
I. C. H. Vide JOHANN CARL BED LINGER. 1691-1771. McdaUist at
Stockholm, 17 18, St. Petersburg, 1736-1739, Berlin, 1742, Freiburg
1743-1744, again at Stockholm to the e,nd of 1745, f at Schwytz,
1771.
I. C. H. Vide JOHANN CHRISTIAN HETIGELIK. Mint-master at
Stuttgart, 1784-1808.
I. C. K, fiWe JOHANN CHRISTIAN KOCH. Medallist at Gotha, 1706-
1742.
I, C. K. r/rfs JOHANN CHRISTIAN KNAUST. Mint-warden at Saal-
feld,i764, and Mint-master, 1765-1794.
I. C, M. Vide JOHANN CHRISTOPH MULLER. Medallist at Stuttgart
1670-1695.
I. C, M. Vide JOHANN CHRISTIAN MARM£. Coin-engraver and
Medallist at Cleves, 1735-1757 and Diisseldort.
I. C, m. F. r/i^e JOHANN CASPAR MORIKOFER. 1732-1790. Medal-
list at Berne.
I. C. R. Fide I. C. ROTH. Medallist at Darmstadt, 1696-1707.
I. C. E. Vide JOSEPH CHARLES ROETTIER. 1691-1770. Medallist
and Coin-engraver at Paris, Nancy and Vienna.
I. C. R. Vide JOHANN CHRISTIAN REICH. 1740-1814. Medallist at
Fiirth.
I. C. S, Fide JOHANN CASPAR VON SEHIEM. Mint-warden .it Mag-
deburg, 1688; Mint-master there, 1691-1695.
I. C. S. VideiOJtAm CHRISTOPH STAUDE, Mint-master at Weimar,
1684-1687, and Erfurt, 1690-1691.
I. C. S. Vide JUSTUS CARL SCHRODER, Mint-master at Stralsund,
1761; Elbiiig, 1762-1763; Mitau, 1763-1764; and Warsaw, 1768-
1772.
,stsd by Google
I. C. S. Fide JOHAKN CHRISTOPH SCHEPP. Mcdallisr at Diet?:,
Cassel and Hanau, 1749-1770.
I. C. S. Fide JOHANN CHRISTIAN STOCKING. Mint-master at Neu-
wied, 1756, and Poppelsdorf, i-jy-j-ij^i.
I. C. S, K. Fide JOSEPH CRONBERG (Mint-master) and SIEGMUND
KLEMMER (Warden) at Vienna, 1766-1772,
I. C. W. Fide I. C. WIKMANN. Medallist at Stockholm, 1747-1786.
Bibliography. ~ Schliclteysen- Pall raa 1111, op dl.
ICARD, NICOLAS (^French). Mint-engraver at Orange, 1585.
I. D. or TO- (Vide vol. I, first ed., p. 318,) Erman illustrates one
of the medals signed in this manner, that of Lucas Syczinger
Jim' of Nuremberg (pi, v, 4). Some of the pieces given to this artist
in myprevioiisnoticemayJiave been engraved by one of his pupils.
I'oitKiit-mL'd.ilcl Luc.is Sj'czj iiger, bj' the Master ^.
I. D. (mon.). r/if^ JOHANN BASE. Mint-master at Weimar, 1624-
1647.
I. D. Fide JANA DREZD£nczyka. Mint-warden at Cracow, 1596.
I. D. FideZZkN DIDIER. French Medallist, 1673-1676.
I. D. TiWe JOHANN DITTMAR. Minc-masier at Darmstadt, 1691-
1692.
I. D. Fide JEAN DUVIVIER. 1687-1761. Medallist, born at Lidge,
-worked at Paris for the Medal-Mint.
I. D. TiWi; JOHANN DIETMAR. Mint-master at Miihlhausen, 1701-
1710.
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— 13 —
I, D. Vide J. DOBECK. Medallist at Olmutz, 1737.
I D. Vide JEAN DASSIER- 1676-1763. Medallist at Geneva.
I. D. Fide IGNdZ DONNER. 1752-1803. Medallist at Vienna.
I. D. Tiiie JOSEPH DEMPTOR. Medallist at Fulda, 1816-1817.
I. D. Vide JOHANN DAISEB. 1755-1827. Medallist at Gunzburg,
1801, and Munich, 1807-1827.
I. D. Vide JEAN DEJOIE. Die-sinker at Haiti, 1820-1840.
I. D. B. Vide JUSTIN DE BEYER. 1668-1738. Medallist and Coin-
engraver at Basle.
I. D. B. Vide JOHANN DAVID BILLER. Mint-warden at Brunswick,
1750; Mint-master under Prussian administration at Dresden,
1756-1760; Mine-master at Brunswick, 1760-1779.
I. D. B. Vide JEAN JOSEPH DU BOIS. French Medallist of the
beginning of the nineteenth century.
I. D. B. r;We JOHANN JOSEPH DANIEL BOHM. 1794-1865. Medallist,
at Vienna.
I. D. D. Fide JOHANN DAVID DANIEL. Medallist at Stuttgart, end
of the seventeenth century.
IDB. (Germ.'). This signature occurs, according to Erman, on two
oval medals of^Prince-Electors of Treves : 1602. Lothar von Metter-
nich (Berlin ; z//uiiro;eiJ) ; —1623. Philipp Christoph von Sotern
^§v''^^#"
Mcdd of Lotluir von Meiiemidi, Adibishop of Treves, by I D B.
tlosted by Google
(Berlin); — also on a fine ovd med^il, wltliout date, representing
Frederick Count Palatinate and liis consort Elisabetli of Great
Britain. This last medal, formed by two silver shells united, which
was probably executed before r6i8, was copied by Christian Maler
tor trade purposes.
Briot is certainly not the author of these medals, notwithstand-
ing Schlickeysen's suggestion.
Bibliography. — Erman, Deutsche MedaUleiire, p. 8S.
I. DE AHAM. Fide JOSEPH IGNATZ SCHAUFEL.
I. D, K. Vide JOST DIETRICH KOCH. Mint-master at Paderborn,
1652-1654, Bielefeld, 1655-1676, Techlcnburg, 1655-1656, and
Paderborn, 1675-1676,
. BiBLiOGRAl'HV. — Sdilickeyseii-Pallmann, ap. cit.
WEB., DIEDRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Emden, 1563 until after
1571, and previously at Jever, He issued a commemorative Thaler
of Emden, 157:, alluding to the perception of the tenth denier by
the Duke of Alba, which caused the troublesat Brussels and Utrecht
(Revue beige denutn., 1892, p. 550).
IDLER, WILLIAM (Anier.). A contemporary Jeweller of Philadel-
phia, wlio has edited some medals.
I, E. Vide JACOB EISENVALET, Mint-master at Gottingen, i62(5-
I., E. Vide JOHANN ENGELHART. Die-sinker in Poland, seventeenth
century.
I.E. TiW^ JOHANN ELERS. Mint-master at Hanau, 1740-1770.
I. E, Vide i. ERICSSON. Swedish Die-sinker, 1860-1868.
I. E. B. Vide JOHANN EPHRAIM BAUERT. Medallist at Copenhagen,
1760-1794; f 1800.
I. E. B. Vide SIR JOSEPH EDGAR BOEHM. 1834-1890. Sculptor and
Medallist, who resided in London, 1862-1890.
I. E. C. FiiieJOHANN ERNST CROLL. Mint-master at Dresden, 1779-
1804. Also C,
I. E. G. Vide JOHANN ERNST GRAUL- Mint-master to the Princes
of Anhalt, 1692-1693.
,stsd by Google
I. E. K. Fide JOHANK ENGELHARD KRULL. Mint-master n: Haiiau,
1737-1742, and Brunswick, 1742-1750.
I. END. Fide J. ENDLETSBERGER. 1778-1826. Medallist at Vienna.
I. E. R. Fide JOHAMN EGIDIDS ROSCH. Mint-master at Nurem-
berg, 1794-1806.
I. E. S. Fide JOHANN ERICH SGHILD. Mint-master at Hanover, end
of seventeenth century.
I.E.V.C.raeJDLIARUSEBERHARDVOLKMARCLAUS, Miilt-mastcr
at Stolberg, 1750-176); Director of tlie Mint at Erfurt, 1779;
BiBuooRAPHY. — Sclilickeysen-PaDiiiaiiii, op. cit,
I. F. Fide JOpANK FREITAG. Mint-master at Frankfort-on-M.,
1690-1719.
I. P. Fide J. JACHTMAKN. 1770-1843. Medallist at Berlin.
I. F. F. Fide JOHANM FRIEDRICH FREUND, Mint-master at Altona,
1819-1848.
I. F, F. Videl. FUNK. Mint-master at Neustrelltz, 1759-1763.
I. F. G. F. Fide JOH. FRANC. GUGLIELMADA. Medallist at Rome,
1 670-1 680.
I. F. H. Vide JOHANN FRIEDRICH HILKEN. Medallist at Schwerin,
■1703-1717.
I.F. H. Vide JACOB FRIEDRICH HEERWAGEN. Mint-administrator
at Hatiau, 1785-1821.
I. F. M. Fide JOHANN FRIEDRICH MULLER. Medallist at Ansbacli,
1758-1769.
I. F. a F. FjW^ JOHANN FRIEDRICH Q FERAL. Mint-master at Leipzig,
1764-1765.
I. F. P. Fide JOHAN. FRID. PARMENSIS. Medallist at Rome, 1549-
1589.
I.F. S. fiWe JOHANN FRIEDRICH SAUERBREI. Mint-warden, 1701,
tlien Mint-master at Berlin, 1713-1718,
I. F. S. Fide JOHANN FRIEDRICH SCHMICKERT. Mint-master at
Milan, 1764-1765.
,stsd by Google
I. F, S. Fide JOB k'^-^i FRIEDRICH STIELER. 1739-1790. Medallist
acGuben and Dresden.
I. F. T. Vide JOH. FRANC. TRAVANUS, Medallist at Rome, 1655-
1674.
BiBLiOGRAPHV. — Schlickeyseti-Pallraann, op. cit.
I. F. C. (_Fretich). Signature on a medal relating to the aerostatic
globe of Charles and Robert, 1785 (Kluyskens II, p. 231 note).
I. G. Fide JORG GEITZKOFLER. Mint-iTiaster at Joachinisthal, 1 563-
IS77-
I. G. Vide JAKOB GLADEHALS. Enameller and Medallist at Berlin,
circ. 1597.
I. G. (moil.). Vide JEAN GOUJON. French Arcliitect and Sculptor,
f 1572.
I. G. Vide JONAS GE0R6ENS. Mint-master at Steinebeck, near
Hambur", 1603-1609, Lauenburg, 1609-1618, Liineburg, 1612-
1645 and 1649.
I. G, F;We JOACHIM GADE, Mint-master at Wismar, 1715-1738.
I. G. B. Vide JOHANN GEORG BANDEL. Medallist at Darmstadt,
1666.
I. G. B. Vide JOHANN GEORG RDTTNER. Mint-master at Cassel,
1657-1680.
I. G. B. Vide JOS&m GEORG BREUER, Mint-master and Die-sinker
at Brunswick, 1675-1685.
I. G. B. rHejOHAMN GEORG BUNSEN. Mint-master at Frankfort-on-
M., 1790-1833.
I. G. B. Vide JOHANN GOTTFRIED BETULIUS. Medallist at Stuttgart,
1786-1797.
I, G. G. Vide JOHANN GEORG GODECKE. Mint-director at Leipzig,
1752-1753, and Altenkirchen, 1747-1755.
I. G. H. Vide JOHANN GEORG HOLTZHEY. 1729-1808, Medallist at
Amsterdam.
I, G. H. Fide JOHANN GOTTFRIED HELD. 1734-1799. Medallist at
Breslau.
I. G. H. Vide JOHANN GERHARD HULS. 1735-1815. Mint-master at
Cologne,
,stsd by Google
— ry —
I.G. H. VideJOnn GREGORY HANCOCK. Die-sinkeracBirmiiigham,
I 780- 1802.
I. G. I. Fiif^JOHANN GEORG JUNKER. Medallist at Leipzig, circa
1708-1716.
I. G. I. Fide I. G. JAGER. Medallist at St. Petersburg, during the
second half of the eighteenth century.
I. G. K. Vide JOHANN GOTTLOB KITTEL. 1702-1738. Medallist at
Breslau .
I. G. L. Vide HANS GEORG LANGBEIN. Mint-master at Mayence,
1691-1692.
I. G, M. Vide JOHANN GEORG MADELUNG. Mint-master at Konigs-
berg, 1797-1807.
I. G. P. Vide JOHANN GEORG PRAHM, Mint-master at Konigsberg,
1807-1824.
I. G. R. Vide JOHANN GEORG ROSNER. Medallist of Prague, nine-
teenth century.
I. G. S, Vide JOHANN GEORG SORBERGER. Medallist at Gotha,
tirca 1680-1690.
I. G. S. fi'A JOHANN GEORG SEIDHTZ-MedallistandGeni-engraver
at Vienna, 1699-1716.
I. G. S. Vide JOHANN GEORG SCHOMBDRG. Mint-master at Gotha,
1689, Vienna, until 1716, and Dresden, 1716-1734; -f 1735.
1. G. S. VideiO^kHH GOTTFRIED SIEGEL. Mint-master at Harzge-
rode, 1752-1767.
I. G. S, f^jW^ JOHANN GOTTFRIED STTJDER. Mint-master at Dresden,
1814-1832.
I. G. W. Vide JOHANN GOTTFRIED WICHMANNSHADSEN. Mint-
master at Gotha, 1683-1690.
I. G, W. Vide JOHANN GEORG WUNSCH. Mint-master at Heidel-
berg, 1712-1736.
I, G. W. Fide JOHANN GEORG WACHTER. MedaUist at Heidelberg,
1724-1740, and St. Petersburg, 1741-1791.
BiBLiOGUAPHY. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. dt.
I. G. or possibly F. G. between star and flower (G^/'w.). Signature
which occurs on a medal of William of Baden (in Berlin Museum),
,yGoo(^le
dated 1637. Ennan adds that the work reminds one of Guichard,
but that the signature looks more like I G than F G.
Bibliography. — Ermaii, op. cit,, p. 88.
I. G. Z, F. Vide J. G. ZOLLNER of Ratisbon.
I. G. (Brit.). Initials of James, Earl of Arran, Regent or Gover-
nor {Jacobus Gubernator), under Mary, Queen of Scots, 1553.
These letters occur on a Lion of 1553 : " Obv. +MARIA.DEI-
GRA'R- SCOTORVM Crowned shield between IG. ^L. + DILI-
GITE IVSTICIAM • 1 5 s 3 . Monogram of " Maria Regina"; above,
crown; on either side, cinquefoil".
BrBLiocRAPHY. — Grueber, Handbook of the Coins of Great Britain and Ireland,
1900.
I, G. (Germ.). Signature of a Plaque- engraver, of the sixteenth
century. These initials occur on a Plaque, in the Dreyfuss collec-
tion at Paris, representing Our Lord at the age of twelve years
discussing with the doctors in the temple. Molinier states that the
only artist of whom he can think as represented by this signature
is Jacob Guckeisen of Cologne, and further that tljis bronze was
probably executed after an engraving.
Bibliography. — Molinier, Les Plaquelies, Paris, 1886.
IGEL (Aiistr.). Forger of Ducats of Sigismund I. of Poland,
1548. He resided at Lemberg.
I, H. Vide JOST HALTERMANN. Mint-master at Riga, 1660.
I. H. Vide JOHANN HOHN SENe. Medallist at Danzig, first half of
the seventeenth century.
r. H., or J3, JH, BWN Vide JOHANN HOHN JUNb. Medallist at
Danzig, circa 1637-1693.
I. H: Vide JOHANN HOFFMANN. Mint-master at Detmold, 1671-
1695.
I. H. Vide JOH. HAMERANUS. 1649-1705. Medallist at Rome.
I. H. Vide JOHANN HERMANN. Mint-master at Cologne, 1715-
1720.
I. H. rac JOHANN HITTORF. "Mint-master at Bonn, 1733-1738.
I. H. Vide JOHANN HAAG. Coin-engraver at Tettnang-Laogenar-
gen, 1740-1763.
I. H. Vide JOHANN HANDMAHN. Medallist and Mint-engraver at
Basle, 1740-1769. Also I. iJM,
,stsd by Google
— 19 —
I. H. Fide JOHAKN HEIMREICH. Mint-master at Eisenach, lyjo-
1754-
I.H. VideJ^kN HARREWYN, Medallist in Holland, second half of
the eighteenth century.
I. H. Fide JEAN HARDY. Medallist at Paris, 1647-1669.
I.H. TiWe JOHANNRAPTISTHARHISCH. Medallistat Vienna, 1785-
1833.
I. H. B. Fide JOHAMN HEINRICH BERG. Mint-master at Rostock,
1750-1764.
I. H. F. Fide JOHAKN HILCKEN. Medallist at Scliwerin, 1703-
1717.
I. H, H. Fide JOHANN JAKOB HTISER. Mint-adminisirator at Glo-
gau, 1622-23, and Neisse, 1624,
I. H. I. Fide JOHANN HEINRICH JAKOB. Mint-master at Sagan in
Count Watlenstein's service, 1629.
I. H. L. Fide JOHANN HEINRICH LOWE. Mint-master at Hamhurg,
1725-1760, and Stralsund, 1761-1763.
I. H. L. Fide JOHANN HEINRICH LOWE. Mint-master at Neustre-
litz, 1769-1786.
I. HM- Fide JOHANN JACOB HANDMANN. Medallist and Mint-
engraver at Basle, 1740-1769.
1. H. M. Fide JOHANN HEINRICH MADELDNG. Mint-master at
Oldenburg, 1760-1766; Mint-warden at Konigsberg, 1770; Mint-
master there, 1773-1776.
I. HOB. Fide GIUSEPPE ORTOLANI. Medallist at Rome, 1689-
1734-
I. H. S. Fide JOHANN HEINRICH SIEGEL. Mint-master at Harzge-
rode, 1745-1752.
I. H. S. Fide JOHANN HOLZHADSER (IN) SLONIN. Medallist at
Warsaw, 1764-1792.
I. H. T. (mon.). Fide JOHANN HEINRICH TAGLANG. Mint-master at
Zweibrucken, 1621-1626.
1. H. T. FiJe JOHANN HEINRICH THIELE. Mint-engraver at
Brunswick, 1714; Mint-warden, 1723; Mint-master, 1729-1732.
>stsd by Google
I. H. V, U. Fide JOHANN HEINRICH VON USLAR. Mint-director at
Hildesheim, 1764-1784; -J- 1806.
I. H. W. Vide JOHANN HEINRICH WERNER. Medallist at Etfurt,
1732-1762.
I. H. W. Fide SOa&SN HENRIK WOLFF. 1727-1788. Medallist
at Copenhagen, 1760, and Akonaj 1771-1779.
I. H. Z. Fide JULIUS HEINRICH ZWITTIGMEYER. Mint-masier at
Hanover, 1769-1781.
Bibliography. — Schlickeyseii-Pallmani], op. cit,
I. H. (^Brit.). These initials occur on a medal of George II. and
Queen Caroline, 1727. It is of poor workmansliip {Med. Illustr.,
II, p. 482/12).
IH or IH or IR (Germ.^. Doubtful signature on a medal of John
George III. of Saxony.
I. H. Signature on a Silesian medal, 1708, on the Compact of
Altranstadt.
I. I. Fide JAKOB JAMNITZER. Mint-contractor at Glogau, 1625.
I: I. C. Vide JOHANN JAKOB KORNMANN (CORMANO). Medallist at
Augsburg and Rome, second quarter of the seventeenth century.
I. I. D. Fide JOHANN JAKOB DIETZEL of Nuremberg.
I. I. L. Fide JOHANN J, LAUER of Nuremberg.
1. 1. T. Vide JOHANN JUSTUS TOLLE. Mint-warden at Oels, 1693-
1696.
I. K. Vide JOHANN KRIEG. Mint-master at Stolberg, 1620-1660.
I. K, Vide JOHANN KOMIG. Mint-master at Nordhausen, 1660.
1. K. Fide ISAAC KOCH. Mint-master at Stockholm, 1652-1664,
I. K. Vide JOHANN KITTEL. 1654-1739. Medallist atBreslau.
I. K. Fide JOHANN KNOBLAUCH. Mint-engraver at Wohlau, 1621.
I. K. Vide JOHANN KUHMLEIH. Mint-master at Langenargen, 1696-
1724.
I, K. Fide JOHANN KOCH. Mint-master at Dresden, 1688-1697 ;
died in 1698.
I. K. Vide JOHANN KRULL, Mint-master at Hanau, and later at
Brunswick, 1737-1750.
,stsd by Google
1. K. Fide JACOB KOHLHAAS Mint-master at Bonn, 1739-1767.
I. K. Vide IGNAZ KENDLER. Mint-warden at Prague^ 1774-1780.
I. K. Fide 1. KERNLEIH. Medallist at Darmstadt, 1844.
BiBLiOGBAPaY. — Schlickeysen-PallmanQ, op, cit.
I. K. (Germ.). Initials of an Engraver, who cut dies for the coin-
age of Lowenstein-Wertheim, 1790.
I. K. (Siuiss). Initials which occur on Krenzers of Johann Anton,
Baron von Federspiel, Bishop of Chur, 1761. They may represent
the Mint-master's name or that of the Engraver.
I. L. Fide JAN LOOFF. Medallisrat Middelburg, 1627-1648.
I. L. Vide JENS LARSSEN. Danish Medallist, 1650-1660.
1. 1. Vide JOHANN LIKCK. Medallist at Heidelberg, 1659-1711.
I. L. Vide JOHANN LIEBMANN. Mint-warden at Clausthal, 1646,
and Berlin, 1664-1682.
I. L. Vide JOHANN lONGERICH. Mint-master at Sayn, Milhlheim-
on-Rhine, Dortmund and Minister, 1664-1680.
I. L. Vide JOSEPH LONGERICH. Mint-master at Treves, 1690.
I. L. Videikm LUDER, Dutch Medallist, who worked in England,
1672-1710.
I, L. Vide JACOB LTR. Coin-engraver to the Westphalian Circle,
at Cologne, 1678-1694.
I. L. Vide JEAN LEEFKEN. Russian MedaUist, 1694-1709.
I, L. Vide 3. L. J. LEEFKEN. Coin-engraver at the Mint of St.
Petersburg, circa 1739.
I. L. Fide JOHANN LANGE. Mint-engraver at Moscow, 1718-1719.
I. L, Fide JOHANN LINDENSCHMIDT- Medallist at Mayence, 1790,
and Wiesbaden, afier 1808.
I. L. Fil'rfe JOSEPH LANG. 1776-1835. Medallist at "Vienna.
I, h. Fide 1. LIGBER. Die-sinker at Warsaw, circa 1808.
I. L. Fide I. LORENZ JUN^. Die-sinker at Hamburg, circa 1869.
,stsd by Google
I. L. A. Vide JOHANN LEONHARD ARENSBDRG. Mint-warden at
Zei"bst, 1683 ; Mint-master to Count Gustavus von Sayn-Wittgen-
stfiin, at Catlenburg, 1684.
I. L. Videl. LEBLANC, Die-sinker at Paris, 1715-1716.
I. L. r. Fide JAN LUDER. Dutch Medallist who also worked in
London, 1672-1710.
I. L. Vide JOHANN LUNGERBERGER. Swedish Medallist, who
worked at St. Petersburg, 1730-1745.
I. L. H. Fide JOHANN LORENZ HOLLAND. Mint-master at Dresden,
1698-1716.
I. L. I. Fide JURGEN LIPPOLD JASTER. Medallist at Hildesheim
and Breuberg, 1678-1690.
I. L. K. Fide JOHANN LXIDWIG KOHLER. 1770-1828. Medallist at
Neustadt-on-H.
I. L.L.(?) Vide JOHANN LEEFKEN. Russian MedaUist, 1694-1709.
I. L. 0. or I. L. tE. TiWe JOHANN LEONHARD OEXLEIN. 1715-1787.
Medallist at Nuremberg, from 1740 to 1787.
I. L. Vide I LORENZ. Die-sinker at Hamburg, circa 1869-1871.
I. L. R. Vide JOHANN LORENZ RUCKDESCHEL. Mint-master at
Bayreuth, 1726-1740,
I. L. ST. Vide JOHANN LEONHARD STOCKMAR. Coin-engraver at
Eisenach, 1785 ; Mint-master 1790-1835 ; died in 1857 at the age
of 97.
I. L. W. Vide JOHANN LXIDWIG WAGNER. Medallist at Stuttgart,
1798-1845.
Bibliography. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cil.
ILARIO, PIER GIACOHO or lACOPO {lial.) so-called L'ANTICO.
Sculptor and Medallist of Mantua, who was working circa 1480. By
him are the following medals : Gianfrancesco Gonzaga, Lord of
Sabbionetta, and his consort Antonia de' Balzi or des Beaux ■ — obv.
lOHANNES.FRANCISCVS.GONZ. Bust to 1. Rvs. (a) FOR.
VICTRICL — ANTL Fortuna between Mars and Minerva ; — (b)
MARCHIO. COMES. ROTL — PROBITAS.LAVDATVR. Burn-
ing fire ; — (c) MARCHIO. COMES. ROTL Thunderbolt; —(d)
DIVA.ANTONIA.BAVTIA.de. GONZ. MR. Bust to r. of Anto-
nia des Beaux, as on ^. of last RL. SVPEREST.M.SPES. Hope
on prow of ship drawn by two winged horses led by Cupid. Also
,y Google
two plaques described by MoHnler : Victory (Courajod Coll");
The Coiitjueror (Dk) i'..v. Coll") ; — Magdalena Mamuana, &c.
^m
de' Baizi, by I'Antico.
The surname of the artist indicates that he imitated the antique.
Ilario was still living in 1504.
Bibliography. — Armand, op. cit., i, pp. ^2-6;. — Molinier, d^. dL,\, pp. 68-
69. — Fabriczy, op. cit.
ILDERS, HENNIG or HEItJRICH (G^rm.). Mint-master at Bautzen
(Saxony), 1666-1667 ; for Oberlausitz. He issued coins to the value
of 28712 Thaiers in 1666 and 19346 in 1667 ; these coins consist
of j^ Thaiers, 6-Kreuzer Pieces, | Thaiers, 15, 6 and 3-Kreutzer
Pieces, &c.
BiBLioGRAFKY. — Erbsteiii, Sdchische Miuij-imd MedailUn-Geschichk, Dresden,
1858.
ILDEGAED, ERRIC (French). Workman at the Paris Mint, 1553.
He may have accompanied Guillaume de MariUac to France from
Augsburg, at the time of the establishment of the Mill,
ILGER (5m.). Goldsmith, was Master of the London Mintin 1222.
Bibliography. — W. Chaffers, Gilda Aurifabrcruiii, 1883.
ILLZACH, RIHGELD'. Vide'RIlUGEL. Contemporary Alsatian Sculptor
and Medallist, residing at Paris.
ILSUNGUS (BoAem.). Magister monetae, at Eger, 1242.
I. M. Fide GIOVANNI MIRETTO. Mint-master at Chambery, 1577-
IS79-
I. M. fjW^ JOACHIM MEINECKE. Mint-warden, 1652, then Mint-
master, 1663-1668, at Riga.
I. M. Fide JEAN MAXJGER. Medallist at Paris, i66o-f 1722.
Hosted by Google
I. M. ffW^ JOHANN MEMMIUS. Mint-master at Giistrow, 1673-1678,
Rostock, 1679-1710, Stade, 1696, and Stettin, 1705-1710.
I. M. Fide JOSEPH MELLINGER. Medallist and Mint-master at
Zwcibrucken, 1758-1769.
I. H. 7/iJfi JOSEPH MOORE. 1817-1895. Medallist at Birminglum.
I. M.B.F. fjW^JOHANN MARTIN BiJCKLE. 1742-1811. Medallist at
Augsburg, then at Durlach, where he filled the post of Mint-master
from 1778-1803.
I. M. E. Fide JOHAKN MICHAEL EDLER. Mint-master at Saalfeld,
1724-1731.
I. M. F. f iiie JEAN^MATJGER. Medallist at Paris, iSfio-f 1722.
I, M. F. Fide JOHANN MICHAEL FEDERER, Mint-master at Ratisbon,
1700-1738.
I. M.F. Vide JOHANN MARTIN FORSTER. Mint-master at Nurem-
berg, 1755-1764.
I. M. F. Fide JOHN MILTON. Medallist in England, circa 1795-1805
I. M. F. Fide I. MINHEYMER or MAINERT. Die-sinker at Warsaw,
circa 1850.
I. M. K. Fide JOHANN MICHAEL KRUSE. Mint-master at Konigsberg,
1824-1837.
I. M. M. or I. H. MK. Fide JOHANN MELCHIOR MORIKOFER. 1706-
1771. Swiss Medallist.
I.M. W. Fiiie JOHANN MICHAEL WUNSCH. Mint-master at Wurz-
bnrg, 1693, and Heidelberg, 1694-1732.
Bibliography. — Schlickey sen-Pall mann, op. cit.
I. M. (Brit.). These initials occur on some medals relating to
Vernon's capture of Fort Chagre in 1740; obv. Half-length figure
of Vernon to r. !^s. (a) Six ships entering Porto Bello har-
bour; (b) Full-length figure of the Duke of Argyle {Med. Illustr.,
II, pp. 546 & 560).
I.M. {Swiss). Initials of a Medallist, whose name is unknown.
They occur on a Portrait-medal of Bartholomaus Schubinger of St.
Gall, dated 1561.
I. M. {Swiss'). These initials occur on \ Thaler Pieces of Bero-
munster, issued in the eighteenth century, but not dated.
,stsd by Google
IMHOF, PAUL (G^rni.'). A Nuremberg Goldsmith of the early years
of the seventeenth ccntiirv . ITc cisx .some of the medals modelled
Medal ol'Johann Philip, Bishop of Bamberg.
by Heinrich Knopf, and amongst those that of the Bishop of
Bamberg, Johann Philippvon Gebsattel (illustrated).
J31BLI0GRAPHY. — Erman, Deutsche MedaUkure, Berlin, 18B4.
IMMO (Germ.). Monetarius at Augsburg, circa 100;.
I. N, Signature of a Die-sinker who executed various Pilgrims'
Badges of Maria-Taferl and Mariazell.
I. N. (?) Vide JACOB NEBELTHAU. Saxon Mint-master and Admin-
istrator at Saalfeld, 1588.
I. N. Vide JOHAKN NEIDHART. Medallist at Oels, 1674-1705.
' I. N. Vide JAKOB NEUSS. Medallist of the eighteenth century ;
author oi several Pilgrims' Badges.
I. N, D. Vide JOHAWN NICOLAUS DITTMAB. Mint-master at Fulda,
1727-1764.
I. K. K. Vide JOHANN NICOLAUS KORNLEIK. Medallist at Ratisbon,
1758-1772,
I. N. M. Vide JOHANN NICOLAUS MARTINENGO. Mint-master at
Wurzburg, 1762-1790.
I. N. W. Vide JOHANN NEPOMUK WIRTH. 1753-1810. Medallist at
Vienna.
Bibliography, — Schlickeysen-Palimann, op. cit.
IMp(erial) STA(tionary) CO. LOKOOK. Publishers of a Medal of
Trinity Medial College ot Toronto (A.J.N. 1568; in Boston
Coll").
,stsd by Google
, I. N. Vide JOHANN ANTON NOVAKH. Mint-master and Engraver in
Styria, circa 1676.
JNCHIQDIN, LORD (Bril.). Vice-President of Monster, under
Charles I. A series of undated obsidiona! money, issued in the early
period of the "Irish Rebelhon", is called after his name, " ahhough
he does not appear to have been in any way concerned with its
issue, for at the time he vi'as engaged in suppressing the rebellion
in the south of Ireland."
These coins consist of the gold Pistole (only two specimens
known), silver Half-crown, Shilling, Ninepence (2 var.) ; Sixpence
(2 var,), Groat (2 var.) and Threepence.
Lord Inchiquin may have caused the issue of the Cork money,
"Shillings and Sixpences in silver and Pennies in copper, during his
short sojourn in that city in May 1647, "and, continues Mr. Grueber,
"this attribution somewhat supports the tradition that money was
coined there by his order. "
Bibliography. — Grueber, Hanilook of ihe Coins of Great-Britain and Ireland,
London, 1899.
INGERSLEBEN (Germ.'). Die-sinker of the early years of the
nineteenth century. He appears to have cut the dies for a Prize
Medal of the University of Gottingen (1806), issued by the Esta-
blishment of Loos. On obv. is a oust of Frederick William III.,
King of Prussia, and on ^. a winged Genius holding shield
inscribed ; INGENIO ET STUDIO. For the obv., Ingersieben
made use of a model by the Medallist Koch, who had a sitting from
the King.
BiBLioGRATHY. — Mcnadier, Schaumii.n\en des Hauses Holmi:(plkm, Berlin, 1901,
INGOISTETTER, BERCHTOLD (Germ.). Mint-master at Ratisbon,
1345-1356.
INGOLSTETTER, HANS (Germ.). Mint-master at Ratisbon, 1392.
INGOLSTETTER, STEPHAN (Geim.). Mint-master at Ratisbon, 1 377.
INGRAM, THOMAS WELLS (Brit.). Engraver and Die-sinker,
employed at the Soho Mint, Birmingham. He worked from about
1820 to 1865 (Grueber, Med. III., II, 728).
His signature, which usually occurs in full, is found, amongst
others, on the following medals -.Establishment of the Shakspearean
Club, with bust of Shakespeare, 182/^; — Medal of the Glasgow
Band of Hope Union ; — Memorial ot the Premiership of George
Canning, 1827; — John Hodgson, 1830; — Canova, 1823; —
,/ Google
Memorial Medal of George III.'s Thanksgiving at St. Paul's, 1789;
— Medal struck to commemorate the successful vindication of the
public right of way on the banks of the Clyde, 1829, &c.
Medal of Canova, by T. W. Ingram.
Ingram contributed to Thompson's series of Great Men, Sec.
Bibliography. — Franks & Grueber, op. cil. — Cochran-Patrick, op. cit. —
Num. Chron., 1888, 1892.
INKES Vide M= INNES BROTHERS. Contemporary Medallists of
Glasgow, by whom there is a Portrait-medal of General Gordon,
1885.
INJALBERT, JEAN AKTONIN (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at B^ziers (H^rault), 20. February 1845 ; pupil of Dumont;
first Grand Prix de Rome, 1874.
Amongst his medallic Portraits are : 1873. M"'^ Veuve Faure.
This artist has established his reputation by numerous fine pieces
of statuary, which decorate the public buildings and squares of many
French towns.
Bibliography. — Cliavignetie, op. cil., 1, 80;. — Didionnaire national des
Contemporaim, II, p. 43.
INSENGA (ItaL). Contemporary Medallist of Naples, whose signa-
ture occurs on a medal commemorating the Centennial Congress
of Italian Scientists at Modena, 1882, and on a Coronation Medal of
Edward VII., 1902.
INTERHINELIS, ALDRT D' (Belg.). Mint-master at Malines, from
May 22, 1382 to February 28, 1384, and in conjunction with Jean
Thomas, from February 28, 1384, to September i, 1385; also at
./Google
Giient, for the silver coinage, 21. Augusii357 — 14. March 1360;
again 10. February 1364 — 12. April 1365 and 27. September 1367
— 20. January 1368.
INTERMINILI JEAN D' {Bdg.'). Mint-master at Mahnes, January
30, 1380 to August 7, of the same year; also at Ghent, in conjunc-
tion with Percheval du Porche and Aldry d'lnterniinelis, 24. June
1349 — 28: September 1370.
Bibliography. ^ Serrure, Dktionnaire nuviismatiqiie bel^e, 1880.
INTSWERT, GAUTIER (Belg.). Die-cutter at the Mint of Louvain,
1488-89. He was probably a Goldsmith by trade, and was entrusted
by the Mint-master Jan Van der Nat with the engraving of the dies
of the silver Peter for which he was paid 6 Rhenish florins.
Bibliography. — A. Pinchart, Biographies des Graveun hdges. Rev. beige de
num., 1851, 409. — A. de Wiuc, op. oil.
INZAGHI, ABONDIO (Austr.). Mint-master at Steier, 1655-1659.
I. P. Fide JACOB PAKCKAERT. Mlnt-master at Berlin, 1635-1627.
I. P. Fide JEAN PARISE, Medallist of the first half of the seven-
teenth century, worked at Rome, about 1630, and afterwards in
Sweden; died in 1655.
I. P. fiWe JEAN PATRY. Engraver of Coins of Neuchatel, 17 12-17 14.
I. P. Fide JOACniK POPPE. Mint-warden and Die-cutter at Bremen,
1731-1772.
I. P. Fide JERZEGO PUSCH. Mint-master at Warsaw, 1830-1834.
I. PAVL POGG. F. Fide GIOVANNI PAOLO POGGINI. Goldsmith and
Medallist at Florence, 1552 ; in the Netherlands, 1555, and Madrid,
1558; he died in 15S0.
I. P. D. Fide JEAN PIERRE DROZ. 1746-1823. Medallist of Swiss
origin, who worked at Birmingham, 17S8-1792, and later at Paris.
I. P. E. Fide JCLIDS PHILIPP EISENDRAHT. Mint-warden at Cros-
sen, 1667. He issued | Thalers and Groschen.
I. P. H. Fide JOHANN PHILIP HOLZHAUSER, Medallist at Warsaw,
1764-1792.
I. P. M. Fide JEAN PIERRE MONTAGNT. Medallist of Paris, first
half of the nineteenth century.
I. P. M. Fide JAN PHILIP MENGER, Medallist at Utrecht, second
half of the nineteenth century.
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I. p. K. FideiOn&atl PETER NADHEIM. Medallist at Schwerln,
1752-1761.
I. PO. Vide JOACHIM POPPE. Mine-warden and Medallist at Bre-
men, 1731-1772.
I. P. R. Vide JOHANK PETER RAST. Mint-master at Stuttgart, 1746"
1762.
I. P. S, Vide JOHANN PETER SCHOUBERG. Medallist at Utrecht, first
half of the nineteenth century.
I. P. T. Vide JONAS PIERRE THiflBAUD. Medallist and Coin-engraver
of the second half of the eighteenth century, who worked at
Augsburg, Neuch&tel, Solothurn, &c.
I. P. W. Vide JEREKIAS PAUL WERNER. Medallist at Nuremberg,
circa 1760-1790.
BiBUOGRAPHY. — Schlickeysen-Pailmann, op. cit.
I. P. L. These initials occur on a medal commemorating the
Congress of the Allies, i69i,'wiiich was engraved by Johann Hohn.
Mr. Grueber suggests that these letters represents the signature of
the Mint-master at Munich, of that date,
BiBUOGRAPHY. — Franks & Grueber, op. cit.
IPPENTANZ, TILL (Germ.). Mint-master at Lucerne, 1580-1587;
he was bom at Bein (Peina), near Hildesheim, and died on Decem-
ber 10, 1587. '
10. ANT. RUB. Vide ROSSI.
10 Vide GIOVANNI BERNARDI BE CASTELBOLOGNESE. McdaUist and
Gem-engraver (1496-15 5 3). Also lOAN. DE CASTRO. EON.; — lOAN-
NES , — 10. B. P., and 10. BER. F.
10. BA. BO. r. Vide GIOVANNI BATTISTA BONINI. Goldsmith of
Como, who was residing at Rome about 1573. His signature occurs
on a Portrait- medal ot Camillo Agrippa, architect and engineer
under Pope Gregory XIII., obv. Bust to r. ^L. VELIS.NOLIS VE.
Warrior pursuing Fortune whom he seizes by her hair.
Bibliography. — Armand, op. oil., I, 282, III, 135. — Supino, op. cit.
10. F. (Ital.). Signature of a Medallist, who was working aVca 1536.
It occurs on two medals described by Armand : Guido Ascanio
Sfor;*:a, Cardinal of Santa Flora (1536); ■ — Gian Battista Malvezzi,
a Boiogncse (one of the Anxiani in 1534).
BiHLiOGRAPHY, ~ Armand, op. ciL, I, 143 ; III, 56.
10. F. r. (?) Vide GIOVANNI DELLE CORHIOLE.
Hosted by Google
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. 10. F. CAR. Vide GIOVANNI FRANCESCO CARAVAGGIO. Tliis signature
occurs on a medal representing St. Ambrosius between SS. Ger-
vasius and Protasius, and dated 1594. This medal forms the ^. of
another, on the obv. of which is the bust of a lady, with the legend :
ISABELLAE REARIAE.
Bibliography. — Artnand, op. cit. , I, ;oo, III, 147.
10. H. Vide GIOVANNI HAMERANI.
10. MONT. Vide MONTFORT.
lOTGEROS. Vide OTGERUS.
I. R. F, (French'). A large Portrait-medalHon of M")* de Vignon,
dated 1613, bears the signature I. R. F,, which I have not been
able to identify (Tresor de numismatique, i" partie, PI. lv, n" 3).
I. R. Vide JOHANN RETHE. Medallist at Stockholm, 1632-1657.
I. R. Vide JOSEPH ROETTIER, Medallist of the second half ot the
seventeenth century, who worked in turn in London and Paris.
I. R. Vide JOHANN RETECKE. Medallist at Hamburg, 1664-1720.
I. R. Vide idkCKliS. RUFTMEYER. Mint-master at Hamburg, 1692-
1724.
I. R. Vide JOHANN RANISCH. Medallist at Dresden, fourth quarter
of the seventeenth century.
I. R. Vide JOSEPH REINISCH. Contemporary Medallist of Breslau.
I. R. Vide JOHANN REICHEL, Medallist at Warsaw, end of
the eighteeenth century.
I. R. Vide JOHANN RIES. Medallist at Munich, beginning of the
nineteenth century.
I. R. Vide JEAN ROETTIER.
I. R. Vide JOHANN RIES. Contemporary Medallist, residing at
Darmstadt.
1. R. E. Vide JOHANN REINHARB ENGELHARDT. Medallist at Breslati,
1690,1 1713-
I. R. P. Vide JACOB REICHEL. Medallist at St. Petersburg, beginning
of the nineteenth century.
Bibliography. — Schiickeysen-Pallniaiin, op. cil.
I. R. Vide JACOB RICHIER.
I. R. Vide IB or IH. Signature on a medal of John George III. of
Saxony, which Erman mentions in Deutsche Medailleure, p, 91.
,stsd by Google
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Irene. " This name ", says King, wliicli occurs on a sard gem,
representing a Man holding a cup surmounted by a bird, "isclearly
ilie owner's name, not the artist's ".
IRMISCH, MELCHIOR {Germ.). Mint-masteratSt. Annaberg, 1523,
1530, 1531; died in 1537. His distinctive mark was a trefoil.
IRKFRIEDVS(G^i-m.).Moneyer at Passau, 1209.
IRRGAHG (Germ.). Sculptor and Medallist; his signature occurs
on a Portrait-medallion of Friedrich Preller, the founder of the
Preller Gallery at Dresden.
IRRWOCH, SEBASTIAN (Austr.). Medallist to the Imperial Court
at Vienna, during the second half of the eighteenth century. He is
mentioned by Bolzenthal, but I have failed to obtain the description
of any of his works.
IRVOY, AIM£ CHARLES (French). Sculptor of the second half of the
nineteenth century, born at Vend6me (Loir-et-Cher) on November
25, 1824; pupil of Ramey and Dumont. He is the author ofa
number of Portrait-medallions : .1849. M. du B*** ; — 1850.
Mr^ Iweins-d'Hennin ; — Baron and Baroness E***; — ■ 1857.
M™ Rosati ; — ■ M"= Moreau-Sainti ; — M"'= Frezzolini, &c.
Bjbliografhy. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. dt.
I, S. Vide GIUSEPPE SALWIRCK. Medallist and Mint-engraver at
Milan, early part of the nineteenth century.
I. S. Vide JACOB STAMPFER. 1505-1579. Medallist at Zurich.
I. S. Vide JACOB SCHMIDT. Mint-master at Hamburg, 1572-1593.
I. S. Vide JOHANN SCHMIDT. Mint-master at Frankfort-on-Main ,
1624-1637.
I. S. Vide JOHANN SCHNEIDER. Mint-master at Erfurt, 1624-1635.
I, S. Vide JACOB SCHWIEGELT. Mint-master at Gliickstadt, 1644-
r66o. Schlickeysen-Pallmann mention that under the name of
JACOB SCHWEIGER he acted, between 1648-1650, as Mint-master
to the city of Emden.
I, S. Vide JOHANN SARTORIUS. Mint-master at Darmstadt, 1654-
1687.
I. S. Vide JOHANN STICHMANN, Mint-engraver at Copenhagen,
1650; Mint-master there, 1662-1663.
I. S. Vide JACOPO SPAGNOLI. Papal Mint-master at Ferrara, 1654-
1656.
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I. S. Fide JOHANN SCHDLTZE. Ducal Minr-mastor to the House
of Saxe-Lauenburg, 1656.
I. S. Vide JACOB SCHRODER. Mint-warden at Stade, 1 660 ; Mint-
master tbere, 1680-1687.
I. S. Vide JAN SMELTZING. Medallist, born at Nymwegen ; died
in 1703,
1. S. r/fl!? JOHANH SCHULTZ. Medallist at Berlin, i68r-i697.
I. S. Vide JO^IANH SELTER, Mint-engraver at Mannheim, 1708-17 1 6.
I. S. (^Germ.^. Signature on a Pilgrim's Badge of Steinhaiisen a.
d. Rottum (xvir. Century).
I. S. Vide JOSEPH SCHWENDIMAKN. 1741-1786. Swiss Medallist,
who worked at Rome.
I. S. Vid^ JUSTUS (CARL) SCHRODER. Mint-master at Warsaw,
1768-1772.
I. S. Vide JOHANN SCHAUFEL. Medallist at Munich, 1768-1812.
I. S. Vide JOSEPH SCHAFER. Mint-engraver at Mannheim, circa
1770.
I. S. Vide I. SILIPRANDI. Medallist at Parma, 1784-1787.
I. S.rirfe JOHANN STOCKMANK. Mint-master at Warsaw, i8io-i8ri.
I. S. Vide J. SEBALD of the Die-sinking establishment of DRENT-
WETT at Augsburg.
I. S. F. Vide JOSEPH SAL WIRCK. 1761-1819. Medallist and Coin-
engraver, who in 1808 wasappointed Director of the Mint at Milan.
I. S. G. r/ie JOHANN SAMOEL GOTZINGER. 1734-1791. Mint
engraver at Ansbach.
Bibliography. — Schlickeyseii-Pallraann, cp. cit.
ISAAC OF YORK (Brit.). Moneyer under Henry 11., whose name
is found on the only type of the second issue of Pennies of this king.
JK. Obv. bSNRIGVS.ReX. Bust facing, crowned ; in r. hand,
sceptre. ^. >{■ ISTi'Q-ON.eveRVVI. Short cross voided; cross
botonnee in each angle,
" The name of Isaac of York " says Mr Grueber, Handbook, &c.
p. 40, " has been immortalised by Sir Walter Scott in Ivanhoe".
ISAGORAS (Greek). A Scaraboid in the British Museum Collection
(Murray, Catalogue of engraved Gems, n" 482) bears the inscription
IIAFOP, which probably represents, as M, Babelon remarks, the
name of the owner of the gem, rather than that of the artist.
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ISCHE, JOSSE DE {French). Mint-engraver at Chalon-sur-Sa6ne
and Dijon, ciVc. 1375-1377; healsocut dies for the Mint ofTroyes,
during a temporary absence of Pierre des Mesmey.
BlBLIOGR/lPHV. — RoiiJot, op. dt.
ISEBEIN or EISENBEIN, TOKJES (fierm.). Mint-master at Nord-
heim, 1558-1575.
ISELIN, HENRI Fr£d£RIC (French'). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Clairegoutte (Haute-Saone); a pupil of Rude. From time to
time this artist has exhibited at the Paris Salons Portrait-medallions,
such as that of Prince Bonaparte; — Paterson; — Napoleon III. ;
— Comte de Morny, &c.
ISEPH, FRANZ AKDRAE (Auslr.). Mint-master at St. Veit in
Carinthia, circa 1719-1720.
ISENBEIN, ANTON (Germ). Mint-master at Worms, i593-:599.
ISENBEIN, THOMAS (Germ.). Mint-master at Bremen, 1634-
1664. His initials T. I. occur on the Thaiers and subdivisions of
that period.
ISLER, LOIGI (Ital.). Roman Gem-engraver, who resided in
London, towards the end of the eighteenth century and beginning
of the nineteenth. He is the author of the following gems : Portrait
of a Parsee, cameo in sardonyx ; — Perseus with nead of Medusa,
cameo in sardonyx ; — Omphale dressed in the lion's skin, sard-
onyx of five strata ; — Achilles, translucent Oriental chalcedonyx
(illustrated); — Chloe, carnelian coloured sardonyx (illustrated);
L. Fotnim. — Bkiraphicn! Nalias if MrMUit:. — 111. j
atdb, Google
— 34 —
— Juditli, before she slew Hofofernes, cameo in chakedon}'^ ;
— Various Portrait cameos, &c.
Bibliography. — Archibald Billing, Tbi Science of Gems, jewels. Coins and
Medals, Ancient and Modern, London, 1875,
ISTOROS. Vide HISTOROS. Thuriiin Coin-engraver of the first hitlf
of the fourth century B.C.
I. T. Vide JOAN TRAMOKTAKO. Mint-master at Naples and Aquila,
1476-1495.
■ I, T. Vide JACOPO DA TREZZO. Medallist and Gem-engraver at
Milan, 1530-1589.
I. T. Vide JOHANN THUN. Mint-master at Sondershausen, 1684-
1690; then at Gotha, 1690-1723.
I.T. Tiiic JONAS THifiBAUD. 1695-1769. Mint-engraver at St Gall,
arid from 1740 at Augsburg, where he died ; he was born at Neu-
cliatel (Switzerland).
I. T. (monogram). Vide JOHANN TUCHMANN, Mint-master at
Reichei] stein, 1615, and Bernstadt, 1621.
I. T. W. Vide JOHANN THOMAS WOLTGEN. Mint-warden at Hil-
desheim, 1734; then Mint-master there, 1756-1765.
Bibliography. — Schlidieysen-Pallmanii, op. cil.
ITASSE, ADOLPHE (French). Contemporary Sculptor, bom at
Lourmarin (Vaucluse); pupil of Belloc and Jacquot. He is the
author of several Portrait-medallions, amongst which one entitled
Agnes, exhibited at the Salon of 1880, displays charming work.
ITASSE, JEANNE {French). Daughter of the preceding, and also a
Sculptor of some note. At the Salon of 1882, her Portrait-
medallion of M. A. Parodi, attracted attention.
BiBLiOGKAPHY. — Chavignerie et Auvray, o(). cil.
ITZIG, MOSES, ISAAC & CO (Germ.), A firm of Jewish Bankers
established at Brestau in the eighteenth century, and which con-
tracted for the Breslau Mint in 1751-
BiBLiOGRAPHY. — Sclilickeyseii-Pallmann, op. dt.
lUNCKER Vide JONCKER, J. C.
I. 0. Vide 1. illiSTRUPP. Goldsmith and Die-sinker at Copenhagen,
.beginning of the nineteenth century.
I. V. Vide JEAN VARIN. 1604-1672. Medallist, Painter and Sculp-
tor, born at Liege, who worked at Paris. ,
./Google
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1. V. fiV/e JOHANN WEBER. Medallist at Florence, 1770-1784.
I. V. C. Vide JOSEPH VON CRONBERG. Mint-master iit Vienna, 1766-
1804.
I. V. D. Vide JACOB VAN DIESHOUKE. Dutch Medallist, 1678-1702.
I. V. F. 7iWe JEAN VERDELOCHE. Die-sinker at Paris, 1650-165S.
I. V. F. Vide JOHANNES VISMARA. Die-sinker at Milan, 1670.
I. V. F. Vide JOHANN FARENBERG. Mint-master at Cassel, 1681-
1697.
r. V. R. Vide JOHANR VON RICKINGEN. Mint-master at Emden,
1687-1697.
I. V. R. F. Fide JOHARN VEIT RIESING. Die-sinker at Wiirzburg,
1763, 11789.
I. V. S. Fide tOUXTSTS VON SCHATIFEL. Medallist at Mnnich, 1768-
1812.
BiDLiOGRAPHY, — Schlickeyseti-PjDraann, op. cil.
I. V. R. (Dutch.). Signature on a medal commemorating the Peace
ofGroningen, 1694.
I. V. T. (Ital. ?). Signature of a Medallist, who worked circa 1549.
D' Ambrosoli has published a Portrait-medal of Hieronymus
Fugger, bearing these initials : Obv. Bust to 1. ^L. DOMINVS.
Cm'ODIT.ME.— MDXLVIin.— I.V.T. {Rivista italiana di
Numismatica, I, fasc. in, p. 471 sqq.).
I. W. Vide JACOB WIESEMANR (or WIESENER), Mint-engraver
and Mint-master at Nidda (Hesse-Darmstadt), 1622-1644.
I. VP. Vide JOHANN WOLTERECK. Mint-master at Gluckstadt, 1664-
1679.
I. W. Fide JOHAKK WILMSEN. Mint-warden at Minden, 1670-
1673.
I. W. or I. Z. W. Vide JULIUS WEFER. Mint-master at Stolberg,
EUrich and Miihlhausen, 1673-1676.
I. W. /^iWe JOHANN WILLERDING. Mint-master at Minister, 1709-
1712,
I. W. Vide JOHANN WEICHINGER. Mint-engraver at Zweibrucken,
1765; Mint-master there, 1770-1790.
I.W. Vide JOHANN WEBER. Die-sinker at Florence, 1770-1784.
./Google
1. W, fii/c JOHANN WIRTH. Medallist at Vienna; died in iSio.
Also I. N. W.
r. W. TiW^ JACQUES WIENER. Medallist at Brussels, 1815-1901.
I. W. Fide J. WOODHOUSE. Medallist at London, second lialf of
the nineteenth century.
I.W. f'lW^ JACOB WOLKER. Mint-master at Prague, 1638-1655.
I. W. Vide JEAM WARIN. French Medallist, 1604-1672.
^F Vide JAN WYNTGES (FECIT). Dutch Mediillist, first half of the
seventeenth century.
I. W. H. Vide JOHANN WILHELM HOCKNER. Mint-engraver and
Medallist at Dresden, 1702-1733. Schlickeystn-Pallmann state that
he was still living in 1748.
I. W. K. Fide JOHANN WILHELM KIRCHRER. Mint-engraver at
Cassel, circa [S27.
I. W. L. Vide JOHANN WILHELM LANG, 1776-1835. Medallist at
Hall, then at Vienna.
I. W. S. Fide JOHANN WILHELM SCHLEMM. Mint-warden, 1745 ;
Mint-master, 1753 ; Mint-director, 1780-17S8 oftheClausthalMint.
■Bibliography. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. oil.
I. W, (Brit.}'). Initials of an Engraver who cut several medals
relating to the taking of Porto Bello in 1739, Fort Chagre in 1740,
and Carthagena in 1741, &c. On the medal of 1739, bearing on
obv. half-length figures of Vernon and Brown, and on ^. six ships
entering Porto-Bt;llo harbour, the die-sinker's signature appears
as I. W. FECIT.
Bibliography. ^ Franks and Grucber, Mahtlic Itliislrations, &c.
IWANOFF, ALEXANDER (Russ.). Mint^master at St. Petersburg,
1801-1803.
IVANOFF, ALEXEI (Russ.). Mint-master at St. Petersburg, 1799-
1802.
IWANOFF, CEMEW or SIMON (Russ.). Medallist at St. Petersburg,
during the second half of the nineteenth century. He executed a
coronation Portrait-medal of Czar Alexander II, , and other commem-
orative and prize medals. His signature c.ioa.k.c. 11. occurs on the
'^L. of a medal with bust of Peter the Great on the Annihilation of
the Strelitz.
BiBLlOGRflPHV. — HBEPCEHA, CJFOBA-Pb MEflAJIhEPOBl H flpymXT. JlHnij,
Si. Petersburg, 1874. — CM. nETPORPitiJi meaajih, IX, 2.
,/ Google
IWANOFF, JkCO^(Russ.). Mint-master nt St. Petersburg, 1750-
IWANOFF, TIMOTHEI (Russ.). Russian Medallist and Mint-engraver
:it St. Petersburg, born in 1729, died in 1802. He entered the Mint
in 1743 as a pupil at the School for medal-engraving. The period of
his activity extends between 1758 and 1800, and he may be called
one of the foremost Medallists Russia has as yet produced. He cut
most of the dies for thesuccessive coinages of the Czarina Catherine II.,
comprising M. 10, 5, 2 and i Rouble pieces, Tchervonetz and
Poltinas; jR., Roubles, Pohinas, and unsigned subdivisions, as well
as copper coins. According to some Russian authorities whom I
have consulted, the later coinage of the Czarina Elizabeth, at least
since 1758, and that of Peter III,, struck at St. Petersburg, were
executed by Ivanoff. The currency of this period is unsigned, with
the exception of the Prize Rouble of 1759, issued ior presentation
to combatants in the Battle of Kunersdorf, which bears under the
Empress's bust on obv. TIMOOEI. I. F. and on ^. T. I.
Obvs. of Roahlt'^ of Cuhcriiic !I., 1764 .ind 1787, by T. IvanofF,
Some of the Moscow Roubles of Catherine II. bear IwanofPs
signature : T. 1.
Besides coins, Iwanoff executed a number of medals, in some of
which he was assisted by one of the brothers Wiichter; the finest
are no doubt : 1752. Construction of new Docks at Cronstadt
(illustrated') ; — Coronation of tlie Czarina Catherine II. at Mos-
cow, 1762 ;— Building of the Church ofSt. Isaac, 1768; — Peace
with the Sublime Porte; — Restoration of the Kremlin, 1773 ; —
Journey of the Czarina to Cherson, 1787.
Iwanoffs first medal is said to be that commemorating the Vic-
tory at Frankfort-on-the-Oder. He also engraved copies of medals
relating to Peter the Great : Peace of Carlowitz (after A. Ljalin) ;
— Building of the four Fleets (after Gouin or Haupt) ; — Second
,stsd by Google
Expedition of the Russian Fleet to Finland (2 varieties) ; — Naval
Victory ot Tweremunde ; — Visit of Peter the Great to the Paris
Mint (after Duvivier) ; — Pacification of the Empire (2 var.) ; —
Building of New Docks
Capture of four Swedish frigates near Gronhamn, 27. July 1702 ;
— Siege of Schliisselhurg, 1702 ; — Foundation of St. Petershurg,
1703'; — Establishment of the Russian fleet on the Baltic Sea,
o,C.oo(^lc
— 39 —
1705 ; — Siege of Dorpat; — Siege of Narva, 1704; — Siege of
Mitau, 1705 ; ■ — Capture of Lowenhaupt, 1706 ; — Surrender of
Riga, 1710, and probably many others, some of which are unsigned.
By the same artist are also the following medals : Accession of
the Czarina Anna Ivanowna, 1730; — The Reign of the Czarina
Anna; — Accession to theThrone of the Czarina Elizabeth, 1741 ;
— General Amnesty granted, 1741, ^L- by Wachter;— Reduction
of Taxes, 1753 ; — Birth of the Grand Duke Paul Petrowitch, 1754;
— New Servia constituted, 1754 ; ■ — Remission of Crown Debts,
1754 ; — Settlement of landmark disputes, 1754 ; ^Batclesof Frank-
fort and Palzig, 1759; — Death of the Czarina Elizabeth, 1761 ; —
Accession of Catherine H, 1762; — Reorganization of the
St. Petersburg Mint, 1765; — Building of a Foundling Flospital at
St. Petersburg, 1763(2 var. in Boston Coll"); — Prize Medal of the
Academy of Fine Arts, 1766; — Building of the St. Petersburg
Hippodrome, 1766; — Inoculation of the Russian Court against
small-pox, 1768; — Naval Victories over the Turks, 1770; —
Victory over the Turks bythe river Kagul, 1770; — Conclusion
of Peace with Turkey, 1774; — Prize Medal for Agricuhure ^. by
Wachter, &c.
Some of these medals, which 'are only signed on obv., may, not-
withstanding, be entirely the workof Iwanoif.
, This artist, during his long connection with the Mint, acquired
a well-earned reputation, and no Russian Medallist is better known,
both for the number and for the excellence of his works.
BiBuoGKAPHV. — Bokemhal, 0^. cil. — List 0/ Russian Medals in Num. Circu-
lar, 1898, col. 2986-92. — ■ Hbepceha, cjioBAPb MEflAiTbEPOBT. H flpyrHit
-iHH, 1874. — Thomseo, op. cit. — Iversen, Medaillesde Pierre le Grand, &c.
,stsd by Google
For Abbreviations see under Letter I.
J. A. Vide I. A.
JABLONOWSKY, CONSTANTIN (Polish). Die-sinker of the second
half of the eighteenth century, who resided at Olkusz, in the
district of Krakau. Kirmis, Handbuch der Polnischen Mun^kunde,
Posen, 1892, p. 210, states that he was Mint-master at Olkusz in
1767 and that his initials C. I. appear on coins.
JABOEUF, ROBERT ALBERT (French). Contemporarj' Sculptor,
born at St.-Just-en-Chaussee (Oise). Of late years he has executed
several Portrait-medallions, as 1 1901. " Mon fils ", patinated
bronze; — 1904. M°'= A. S***, &c.
JAC. (Ital.Q). Signature of the Engraver of a Portrait-medal ot
Fernando Alvarez of Toledo, Duke of Alba (!5o8-i582). Obv.
D.FERNANDVS. TOLEDO. DVX.ALBE. ~ lAC.NOC.F.
Bust to r., head bare, hair short and long beard; no '^L. ; diam.
70 mill.
Bibliography. — Supino, // Medagliere Msdiceo, Firenze, 1 899.
JACHLICK (Germ.). Medallist of the beginning of the nineteenth
century. He signed two varieties ofaunifacecast Portrait-medallion
in iron of Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Karl of Prussia and consort
Maria Anna of Hesse-Homburg, made to commemorate their
marriage in 1804.
Bibliography. — D' Menadier, Schaumitn^^en des Hames HohenioUern, Berlin,
1901.
JACHTMANN, JOHANN LUDWIG (Germ.). Medallist, born at Berlin
in 1776, where he died in 1842. " This Engraver ", says Bolzen-
thal, " learned the an of Stierle ; however in style and composition
he progressed with the age, as we may perceive by his medals of
reward for Arts and Sciences, struck to commemorate the third
centenary of Alb. Durer, and the Prize medal of the Royal Acad-
emy of Arts. He always endeavoured to produce something better
than the last. For some time, Jachtmann endeavoured to execute a
medal in the old way of casting, for which he spared neither time nor
trouble ; the attempt was successful, and it was a medal designed
for the Academy of Munster. He also executed large dies for seals,
which he engraved in steel with much taste, after he had devoted
some time to the study of the master-pieces of the middle ages ".
,;.Goo'^lc
_- 41 —
Jachtmann is the authorof the following medals : Third centen-
ary of the RetormatioiJ, 1839; — Prize Medal for Arts and
Sciences, 1814, with bust of King Frederick William III. ; —
Another, of different type; — Portrait-medals of King Frederick
William IV., (two types); — Third centenary of Mart in Luther. I^.
Bust of Calvin, 18 17; — Jubilee Medal of C.H.V. Klevenow of
Magdeburg, 1S20 ; — Jubilee Medal of I. D. Woldermann, 1823 ;
— Portrait- medal of Frederick the Great ; — Blucher's Monument
at Rostock, i8i9(2var.); — Joseph Zerbonidi Sposetti(i822); —
D' Johann Christian Reil of Berlin, 1813; — D' Georg Heinrich
Weber, Kiel, 1813, &c.
Bibliography. — Bolzenthal, Ski^:^en pir KitnstgeschichU der modernen MedaiUen-
Arbeit (1429-18^0), Berlin, 1840. — Df Menadier, op. cit. — Tbomsen Calaltgue,
p. 197. — Friedensburg and Sejer, Medaillm avf schJesisdn Personm. 1902.
JAGHTMANN, MATTHES (Germ.). Goldsmith at BresJau, circa 1600-
1617, according to Rosenberg. In 1622, he became Warden of the
Mint there. Saurma suggests that the raonograin, formed by an H
and a figure resembling a 4 on the Klippe Thalers of 1621, points
to Jachtmann, but Friedensburg cannot prove this assertion.
Bibliography. — Friedensburg, ^cftfejicii neuere Miinjigeschichle. — lhid.,Siuilien
^iir schlesischeii Medailknhiitde, Schlcsiens Vorzeit in Bild und Schrift, Bd. VII.
JACKELY, aEORGE (Germ.). Seal and Armorial-engraver at Bres-
lau, 1660-1670.
JAGKSON (Brit.'). Carver in ivory and tortoise-shell, who signed
Portrait-medallions of Charles II., cut in these materials.
JACOB (Austr.). Meister Jacob was Mint-engraver at Prague,
1538-1541 and perhaps still longer.
JACOB or JAKOB (Austr.). Moneyer at Vienna, 1403.
JACOB, ANATOLE (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Troyes (Aube) ; pupil of Sax and Jeufi^roy. He is the authorof
some Portrait-medallions in bronze.
JACOB DER EHRER (Austr.). Duke Albrecht I.'s agent at the Mint
of Vienna, 1386.
JACOB, C. (Germ.). Founder, at the Berlin Royal Foundry, circa
1815. His initials occur on medals; one of them commemorates the
Liberation War of 1815. He generally spelt his name : lAKOB.
JACOB, HANS (Austr.). Seal-engraver, who cut dies for a Salvator
Medal of 1581.
,stsd by Google
(JACOB, HANS (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Hechingen,
1623.
JACOB, HANS or JAKOB (Germ.). Father of JOHANN HEINRICH
JACOB. Mint-master ar Dresden and Eisleben, circa 1618-1627, ^'^^
Dresden Treble Thaler 1627, issued by Hans Jacob, and engraved by Kitzkatz.
before that at Saalfeld, 1612-1618. He died on January 24, 1635.
Vide Friedensburg, Studien xiir schlesischen Medaillmkunde, p. 59.
In 1627, he placed the contract to work the Breslau Mint with his
,,Goot^lc
son and his biuihcr-m-l
SammliiH}; e'l . p 21 m ui'
— 43 —
w Hans Ziesler. Whether Amnion.,
ntiumng Hans Jakob as Miiit-niiister at
:^
' w^..
n Reichsthaler. of John George I., 1626, issued by Hans Jacob.
been able to confirm. This
HXI, I- i.;H. I. M.M. (Ham
Anhalt, 161 5-1 618 is right, I have
Hans Jacob signed liis issues H, I.
lahh Munt^-Meister).
JACOB, JOHANN HEINRICH or HANS HEmRICH JACOB (Germ.).
Son of Hans Jacob, the Dresden Mint-master. Between 17.. July
1627 and 1629, he worked the Breslau Mint in connection with
his uncle Hans Ziesier. From 1629 to 1631 he was Mint-master at
Sagan, in Wallenstein's service, on whose currency the monogram
HX^ occurs. He may have again been connected with the Breslau
Mint, but a document of (631 only names Ziesler. It is doubtful
whether the initials H-I on a square Double Thaler of Archduke
Charles Ferdinand, 1631, refer to him.
Bibliography. ^- Friedensburg, Sliidkii inr schksischen Medailknkunde,
Schlesiens Vorzeit, Bd. VII, p. 59.
JACOB, HEINRICH (Austr.). Mint-master at Bautzen (Budissin),
1666-67.
JACOBO, or JACOPO URBINATE. Vide lAC. V?iB. infra.
JACOBI, HANS HEINRICH (Germ.'). Mint-master at Sagan, 1629-
l63[. Vide HANS HEINRICH JACOB suprd.
J ACOm. Fide 3 A.COBY.
JACOBS, B. (Brit.). A London Die-sinker of the latter part of the
eighteenth century. His signature appears on numerous eighteenth
century tradesmen's tokens : Evesham (Manufacturer : Skidmore ;
Proprietor : J. Thomson); — Inverness (^. by Milton ; Propr. :
Conder) ; — Blackfriars Token ; — London Tokens (various) ; : —
>stsd by Google
_ 44 —
Rye (Man : Skidmore ; Propr. : G. Bennett); —FUtwick 1° , 1797;
— Cambridge Pennies (several varieties); — Cliesterton !° ; —
Cambridge Halfpennies and Farthings (various, some unsigned);
— Chester Pennies (2 var.); — Barnard Castle, Durliam 1° ; —
Wanstead i" ; — Hendon Halfpennies; -— Dunmow, Fssex
(various types, struck by Skidmore) ; — Gloucester i^ , 1797 ; —
Southampton | ^; — Sawbridgeworth |d ; — County Pennies of
Kew Palace Penny Token, by Jacobs.
Middlesex (various types); — Kew i" (illustrated); — Skidmore's
Pennies and Halfpennies (Atkins, n"' 75-94; 361-412); —
Orchard's |d, 1795; — Skidmore's series of tokens representing
Churches: Berdmondsey Abbey, Christchurch, Blackfriars, &c., ana
Gales {Atk., n°^ 413-510); — others, representing Buildings,
Dulwich College, Kew Palace, Wandsworth, &c. ; — Orchard's
Penny Token, by Jacobs.
Fanhings, 1796, 1803, &c. ; — Skidmore's Farthings, 1795 (3 var.);
— Spence's Farthings (Atk., a" ■j-j6 and others); — Middlesex
Pennies, with bust ofHorneTooke Esq., &c. (one variety Ulusiraled) \
— Norwich Threepence, 1797; —Alnwick 1° ,1797; — -Newstead
1" , 1797; — Sherborne i" ; — -Dudmaston i'^ ; ^Ludlow i" ; —
— Glastonbury 4° ; — Godstone r" , 1797; —Guildford 1° j ■ —
>sted by Google
- 4S -
Lambeth i" ; — Bermondsey Halfpennies, 1797; — Rotherhithe^" ;
— Southwark Halfpennies (5 var.); — Skidmore's Halfpennies for
Birmingham (ji/^., n"" 166-170); — Battle r" , 1797; — Horsham
Halfpennies {Atk., n"' 25-30); — Dudley r" , ij^j; — Guisebo-
rougli 1" ; — ■ Yarum r" ; — Argyle House i" , 1797 ; — Kidder-
minster 1° ; — Inverary i" ; — Surgeon's Hall, London ; — Penny
Token, with bust ofWilliam IIL, Ifi,. In commemoration of the Revo-
lution (various); — ■ Masonic Penny Tokens; — Hallan's Half-
pennies; — Speiice's Halfpennies (2 or. 3 var.); ■ — Penny
Tokens, with bust of Fox; obv. by James, ^, by Jacobs, commem-
orating the War with France, 1794, &c.
Both Jacobs and James worked for E. Skidmore, the London
manufacturer of tokens. The former's work is usually sketchy and
cannot be compared advantageously with that of some ol his
contemporaries, such as J, G. Hancock, Peter Wyon, and others.
Bibliography. — Atkins, The Tradesmen's Tokens of the eighteenth century,
London, 1892. — Pye, Pr&vinciaS Copper Coins, London. ~ Davis, UnputiUshed
Tokens, Num. Circ, December 1900. — Grui;ber, Personal Medals, Numismatic
Ciironicle, 1831, p. 96. — Davis, Tohen Coinage of the Nineteenth Century, 1904.
JACOBSON, ALBERT (Dan.). Medallist of the last quarter of the
eighteenth century and first three decades of the nineteenth.
Thomson gives his date as 1780--]- i8;6. He was a son of Salomon
Aron Jacobson. His signature occurs on various Prize-medals, as
for instance on one with portrait of King Frederick VL of Den-
mark, issued as a Reward or Encouragement for scientific investi-
gation.
Bibliography. — Kroliti, Thomsm Bronce-Medaillcr, 1873, p. 214,
JACOBSON, ALFRED (Dan.). Medallist of the middle years of the
nineteenth century. His signature occurs on a medal struck in 1833
to commemorate the convalescence of King Frederick VL of
Denmark (In Boston coll").
JACOBSON, JOHANN or JACOB (Germ.) came from Emden over
Danzig to Poland in 1617, where he contracted to work the
Bromberg Mint. His distinctive mark L I, — V. E. occurs for the first
time on a medallic Thaler of that year. Until 1623 he administered
only the Bromberg Mint, but after that date he extended his super-
intendence over the mints of Wihia, Warsaw and Krakaw; in
fact, between 1623 and 1639 he was Administrator-general of all
the Crown Mints and of those pf Lithuania. In 1630, he leased the
Mints of Danzig, Thorn and Elbing, which he worked until his
death, which took place in 1639.
Bibliography. — D' Max Kirmis, Haiidbuch der Polnischen Miin^^kunde, Poaen
atdb, Google
- 46-
' JACOSSON, SALOMON AROK (Dan.) Medallist, who resided at
Copenhagen, I756--J- 1830. He is the author of several medals,
amongst which those of Andreas Petrus, Count Barenstorff, 1795,
and Cuvier, the French naturalist, 1820, are perhaps best known.
This Engraver's work is very creditable. He also executed Portrait-
medals of D' Ole Borch, Copenhagen ; — D' Blumenbach, Gottin-
gen ; — D'' Henrik Collisen, Copenhagen, 1805.
Bibliography. — Krohn, /. c.
JACOBUS {AtiStr.'). Moneyer at Vienna in the Weydenstrasse,
1326-1342, Vide Arnold Luschin von Ebengreuth, ^iens Mun^-
wesen, Handel und Ferkehr im spateren Mittelalter, Wien, 1502.
JACQBY, MEINHAHD (Germ.). Contemporary Modeller and Sculp-
tor, residing at Berlin. He is the author of various types of
Christening Piaquettes, stiuck at the works of WUhelm Mayer &
Frz. Wilhelm atStuttgart. In artistic merit, they compare favourably
with some of the best French medallic productions of recent times.
JACOBY, PHILIPPE JOSEPH (EelgX Dlc-slnker of the eighteenth
century ; he was born in 1708 and at the age of 14 was placed in
apprenticeship to an Engraver of the name of L. de Thier, at
Cologne. Five years after he settled at Liege, his native town, where
he produced some good work as a Line-engraver, and was
employed in that capacity and as a Medallist by the Prince-Bishops
of Liege John Theodore of Bavaria, Charles d'Oultremont, Francis
Charles van Velbruck and Constaniine Francis van Hoensbrouck,
during the gteater part of the second half of the eighteenth century.
He died on September 23, 1794-
Pinchart remarks that in the few medals he has produced, Jacoby
showed imagination, but that his drawing is very defective and that
his engraving leaves also much to be desired.
By this Engraver are : Portrait- medal of John Theodore ot
Bavaria, Prince-Bishop ofLiege (signed : P. L lACOBY) ; — Portrait-
medal of Charles of Oultremont, Prince-Bishop of Li^ge (signed :
JACOBI or JA. F.); — Another, of 1764; — Foundation of the
Academy of Painting at Liege, 1765 ; — Society of Emulation,
The Academy of Painting and Scu!prui'e(2 types, one dated 1785");
— Portrait-Medal of Constantine Francis van Hoensbrouck, Prince-
Bishop ofLiege.
I1 1763, Jacoby was appointed Mint-engraver at Liege, a post
which he retained until 1788, when he was succeeded by Leonard
J^hotte.
Bibliography, — Bop de Chestret de Haneffe, Nolia mr P. J. Jacoby, graveur
Uegeoii du XVUI^ siide. Revue beige de num., 1891, pp. 88-100. — Pinchart,
Histoircde ki gravure des medailks en Bdgiqm, p, 80,
, Google
JACOPIN, ACHILLE. (F/w/c/)), Contemporary Sculptor; pupil of
Falguitre, Carlier et Mercie. At the Salon of 1903, he exhibited
Portrait-medals of M'"= Em. Ch** and her children,
JACOPSZOON, JAN {Dutch). Goldsmith of The Hague, who in
1481 cut official seals.
JACOPO DA TREZZO. Vide TREZZO.
JACOT, BERNARD ULTSSE(i'ii'/Vj.). Contemporary Sculptor, born
in 1877, studied at Geneva, under the direction of Jerdelet, Pro-
fessor of chasing at the School of Industrial Arts, and Barthelemy
Caniez, Sculptor. He is a partner in his father's firm, a manufac-
turer of decorative watch-cases at Le Lode (canton NeuchStel).
The Prize Medal, for the Neuchatel Cantonal Rifie Meeting at
Fleuricr, 1902, is the artist's first attempt at medallic work.
JACOT-GUILLARMOD, EUG£ne and ALFRED (Sudss). Contempo-
rary Engravers of watch cases, residing at Le Locle. They are
father and son. To their joint cooperation is due a commemorative
medal, struck at the works of Huguenin fr^res in 188S, on the
inauguration of a monument at Le Locle to Daniel Jean Richard,
1665-1741, the founder of the Neuch^ltel watch industry. It is
signed : E. JAGOT.
By A.Jacot-Guillarmod is also : Cantonal Rifle Meeting of Vaud
at Yverdon, 1899.
JACOT, JULES {SvAss). Die-sinker, Seal, and Watch-case Engra-
ver, born at La Chaux-de-Fonds, 28"^ March 1797, where he died,
4'" Jtnie 1879. ■ ■- - -■■ ■" -■■'■
,stsd by Google
He is the author of numerous official Seals, cut in commission for
the Neuchatel urban and cantonal government, one of which, the
Great Seal of ihs Mairied Justice de Neuchdtel (J,llustrated) is signed :
This engraver cut also a fine jeton of the Cantonal Rifle Mee-
ting at Neuchatel, 1849.
Sealofthe "Mairie" of NeudUiel bj juks Jac
M, Arnold Robert, from whose article " Un graveur neuchrlte-
ois " in Numismatic Circular, Jurie 1904, I have borrowed the
>sted by Google
above details, adds that Jules jacot reproduced subjects from Leo-
pold Robert's " Les Moissonneurs " on watch-cases.
.1 by Jules Jacot for the Gi
JACQUEMART, NICOLAS (French). Sculptor of the second half ot
the nineteenth century, and author of several Portrait-medallions.
Vide Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cU., I, p. 812.
JACQUEMIN, AIM£ (French) (..1699-1720). Mint-engraver at
Lyons, 1703-1716. He was a son of Clair I. Jacquemin, and
engraved various jetons for the Consulate between 1709 and 1711.
JACQUEMITJ, BERTRAWD (French) (..1696-1745). Mint-engraver
at Lyons, 2. May 1708-December 1742. He is also the author ot
a number of jetons (about 40) of the Consulate, &c.
Bibliography. — N. Rondot et H. de La Tour, Les MidailUurs et Us Graveurs
de monnaies, jetons el midailUs en France, Paris, 1304.
JACQUEMIN, CLAIR I (French) (..1663-11713). Mint-engraver at
NeufviUe, then " tailleur et graveur particulier h^rMitaire ' of the
Mint of Lyons, 25. July 1675 — ^f*^^"" i7'^9- He has also engraved a
number of jetons, some of which are signed : C. I. F. The 4 Sol
pieces of 1677 of Louis XIV., struck at the Mint of NeufviUe were
the joint-work of Lochey de Grandchamp, Clair Jacquemin and
Gilbert d'Armand TOrfelin. In 1675, Jacquemin, who was born in
1638, succeeded Lagier at the Mint of Lyons and remained in
office until 1709; he died in April 1713. Rondot mentions that
about ninety jetons may be attributed to him, some of which are
signed : C. I. F. One was struck to commemorate the Peace ot
Ryswick, 1697; others, the Consulate of 1696-1697, Louis Dugas,
the Duke of Villeroy, Archbishop Camille de NeufviUe, &c.
BiBLiOGRATHY. — N. Rondot, La Motinais de Vimy oa de NeufviUe. Rev. num.,
1800, p, 443. — Id., Les Graveurs de monnaies d Lyon du XIIII' au Xyill^ sikle,
Micon, 1897. — N. Rondot et H. de La Tour, op. cit.
L. FumiEt. — Shgmfhkal Nolkss ofM.MIiiH. — HI. +
>stsd by Google
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JACQUEMIN, CLAIE II (French) (. .1714-1730). MiiU-engraver at
Lyons, where he was born, 18. December 1689, and worked as
assistant of his uncle Bertrand Jacquemin. He resided at Grenoble
from 1721-1725.
Bibliography. — N. Rondot et H. de La Tour, op. dl.
JACQUEMIN, CLAIR III (French) (..1731-f 1759). Mint-engraver
at Lyons, at first under the direction of his father Bertrand Jacque-
min, 1741-1742; appointed in 1746 " Gravcur particulier ". He
has also engraved a number of jetons.
BiBLiOGRAFHY. — N. Rondot et H. de La Tour, op. cit.
JACQUEMIN, CLAIR IV (FreM^) (..173 1-1767). Mint-engraver at
Lyons, 1759-1760. He has also engraved about thirty consular
jetons, between 1756 and 1764, and is the author of at least two
medals ; the one a Pri^e Medal of the Academy of Lyons, after a
drawing by Nonnotte, and signed ; JACQUEMIN S. c. ; and the
other a medal presented by the Consulate of Lyons to Soubriat, for
life-savingj in 1766, signed : C. I. F.
BiBLiOGKApHV. — N. Bondot et H. de La Tour, op. cit.
, JACQUEMIN, PIERRE {French). Mint-engraver at Lyons, 1684-
1690; son ot Clair LJacquemin. He engraved jetons for the Consu-
late.
Bibliography. — Rondot, op. cit.
JACQUEMOTTE, R. (G^rm.). Mint-master at Cugnon, 1634.
JACQUES, JEAN (French). Mint-engraver at Saint-Pourgain,
1371-1388.
JACQUES, JEAN JACQUES CLAUDE {French). Mint-engraver at
Rouen, 1760-1792. In 1815, an Engraver of that name executed a
Pattern 5 Franc piece for the Coinage Competition of that year.
Vide A. Barre, Graveurs giniraux et particuUers des Monnaies de
France, Ann. num., 1867, p. 163.
JACQUET, NICOLAS GABRIEL (French). Medallist ot the first quar-
ter of the seventeenth century (c/rc. 1601-1609). MazeroUe places
the period of his activity between 1 601 and 1626, and suggests
that he may have been a relative of Jacquet dit Grenoble, Sculptor
to Henry IV.
Jacquet is the author of some cast Portrait-medallions : Pom-
ponne cie Bellievre, Cliancellor of France, 1601 ; — Omer Talon,
Advocate general to the Parliament of Paris, r 609 (both medallions
signed : N. G. L F. and N. GAB. lACQ. F.). A third medal, with bust
o,Goo(^[c
of Omer Talon on obv., and that of his consort, Suzanne Choart
on ^., is probably also by him and was executed in 1626.
Bibliography, — F. MazeroUe, Les Midailhurs fraufais duXV'^ sUcleau milieu
du XVII', Paris, 1902. ~ N. Rondot et H. de La Tour, op. cil.
JACQDET, DE LTON (French) (..1377-1426). Engraver and Gold-
smith; in 1387, he executed a seal of the Duke of Touraine, at
Asti ; and in the beginning of the fifteenth century, a round jewel
with portrait, either of the King, or of another member of the
Royal family.
Bibliography. — N. Rondot et H. de La Tour, cp. cil.
JACQUIN, JEAN (French). Goldsmith of Troyes, and Engraver of
jetons, nVcfl 1580--I- 1596-1600.
Bibliography. ^N, Rondoi et H. de La Tour, op. oil.
JAECKLE-SCHNEIDER, BARTH, (Swiss.). Contemporary Medallist
and Seal-engraver, who in recent years has produced a number of
commemorative and prize-medals. He resides at Zurich, but was
born on December 11, 1850, at Schabenhausen (Baden). His father,
who was a watchmaker, settled at Zurich in 1863. Jaeckle visited
the schools, made an apprenticeship in a die-sinking establishment
at Zurich, and afterwards worked at Cologne, Berlin and Breslau.
In 1876, he started business on his own account at Zurich.
I have met with Jaeckle's signature on the following medals :
1880, Zurich " Krugerfest "; — 1881. Dog Show at Zurich;
-— Ignaz Heim, composer, of Zurich ; — 1883 , Swiss Federal Exhi-
bition at Zurich (at least 14 varieties); —1886. Christening medal
of Ulrich Ziegler; — 18S9, Vinedressers' Festival at Vevey; —
1890. Inauguratioti of Pestalozsii's Monument at Yvcrdon; —
1891. Sixth Centenary of the Helvetic Alliance; — Swiss Bakery
Exhibition at Zurich ; — Souvenir of the Frozen Lake of Zurich
— 1890. Federal Fete of the " Gratli Central " Society ; — 1891
Seventh centenary ot the Foundation ot Berne; — 1894. Fisheries'
Exhibition at Zurich ; — Various Agricultural and other Prize
medals ; — 1894. Cantonal Industrial Exhibition, &c.
Before 1S83, Jaeckle was a partner in the die-sinking esta-
blishment of Oehler- Jaeckle,
This Engraver is perhaps more clever in cutting seals than medals.
To him was entrusted the execution of the Zurich official seal and
he has produced a great number of seals for private persons, armorial
bearings, &c.
BiBLiQGKAPHY. — Bulletin & Revtie suissis de numisniatique, 1882-1898. —
Information obtained Jrom Herr F. O. Pestdoi^i. Vice-President of the Zurich Art
Society, and one of the Editors of the Dictiotiary of Swiss Artists.
, Google
— S2 —
JAC.URB. pei-haps JACOBVS VRBINAS or VRBEVETANVS {ItaL).
Bkncliet calls tins Artist, Jacob of UrUno or Orvieto. He executed a
Portrait-medal ot Julia Orsiiii, wife of Baldassare Rangoni, 1554;
obv. Bust to 1. ^. MORTAL[BVS.AB.IMM0RTALIBVS.AN-
TIPANDORA .1554. — PANTAGATON . — lAC . VRB . Amidst
scenery, urn with two handles on pedestal.
Bibliography. — Armand, Medailhurs ilaliem, elc. — Blancliet, Maimd de
Kunmmatique dii moyen dge it moderm, IJ.
JAEGER, ERICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Zerbsr, 1722-1725.
F';Wk Sclilickeysen-Pallmann. p. 129.
JAEGEB, iOBWl (Germ.). Brother of Richard Jaeger, was employed
at theMlncof Crossen, circa 1621.
JAEGER, JOHANN CASPAR (Germ.). Medallist of the second hah
of the eighteenth century. He was appointed Court-medallist by
the Czarina Catherine II. in 1772, with a stipend of 1200 Roubles
per annum. His usual signature is I. G. I.
The following medals are by this Engraver : Commemorative
medal of the Battle of Poltava; — First Jubilee of the St. Petersburg
Academy of Sciences, 1776 ; — Erection of Peter the Great's
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statue, 1782; — Jeton on the same event; — 1773, Betrothal of the
Grand Duke Paul; — 1776, Second Marriage of the Grand Duke
with Marie Theodorowna ; — I774^ Marslial Rumenzow (obv.
illustrated) ; — Prize Medal for Agriculture, with bust of Catherine II. ;
— Ivan Betzkoy, -f" 1796 ; — Count Bestuschef-Rtumin; — Found-
ling Hospital, Moscow.
Bibliography. — J. Iverseii, Medailkn auf die Tkaten Peter des Groiscn, St
Petersburg, 1893. — Thomsm Catalagiic. — Bolzenthal, op. oil.
JAEGER, REIMHARD or RICHARD {Germ.). A native of Einbeck;
Mint-master at Leipzig, before 1621; appointed joint MinE-master
at Crossen with Basilius Bernhard in 1621 ; incarcerated on October
31., 1623, with Jamnitzer and other colleagues; released in 1624,
but applied in vain for the wardenship of the Ratibor mint in 1625.
Coins issued at Crossen 1632-1623 bear this Mint-master's distinc-
tive mark : hunting-horn between stag's horns. This mark appears
also on" Khppe " coins of Leipzig, 1622 (Groschen, 8 Groschen
pieces, double and single " Engelthalers ").
Bibliography, — Friedensburg, Scblesieiis netiere Miln^eschichte. — Erbsteiti,
BrorlertmgeH mifdem Ceiiele der sachsischen Miln^-iind MedatlUn'Geschkhte, Dresden,
1888.
JAENBEHRT (SnV.). Archbishop of Canterbury, 766-790; he was
the first to issue coins, which bear his name on the obv. and that
of King Offa on ^.
JAGGLI, M. (Swiss). Editor of Medals commemorating the Swiss
Federal Exhibition at Zurich, 1883 ; these were mostly struck at
Mayer's works at Stuttgart. Fide JAECKLE.
JAHN, VALENTIN (Pol.). Mint-master and Contractor of the Mints
of Posen and Fraustadt, 1592-1595; Bromberg, November 1594-
July 1595. On the 9"' of July 1592, Jahn took the oath as Mint-
master at Posen, and on the 24"' of October 1594, he installed
JohannesDittmarasadmiuistrator there (administrator seuprovisor).
In 1600 he again contracted to work the Mint of Fraustadt, which
he did until 1603. His name occurs also as Jans, Johns, Jonas and
Jonghe. From 1603 to 1613 he worked the Mint at Jagerndorf, and
later still, in 1614, his privy mark occurs on currency issued at
Neissen,
Bibliography. — Kiniiis, Handbiich der Polnischen Mmt:(kunde, Posen, 1892. —
Friedensburg, Stttdkn 7ur sdilesischen MedaiUmkimde, Schlesietis Vorzeii in Bild
und Schrill, Bd. VH, p. 60.
JAKOBI (Germ.). Mint-warden at Zweibrucken, 1759.
JALEY, FRANgOIS (French). Mint-engraver at Grenoble, 1710-
1736.
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JALEY, LOUIS (French). Medallist, born at Charite-sur- Loire, near
St. Etienne (Loire) in 1763 ; died at Paris in 1838. He was a pupil
of Moitte and Dupre, and distinguished himself as an Engraver of
medals of the Napoleonic series. His signature appears on the i^
of the following; 1804, Consecration of Napoleon L, by Pope
Pius VIL ; — 1805, Coronation of Napoleon L as King of Italy, at
Milan, 1805 (^L The crown of AgUulphus, King of the Lombards);
— 1805, Capitulation of Ulm and Memmingen; — 1805, Battle
of Austerlitz ; — 1806, Creation of the Order of the Legion of
Honour {illustrated'); — 1804, Distribution at Boulogne of Crosses
of the Legion of Honour; — 1806, Napoleon L enters Berlin ; — -
1806, The Imperial eagle crowned by Victory; — 1808, Portrait of
H. S. H. the Prince Arch-Chancellor of the Empire;— 1810, Jjtons
of various societies ; — 1810, Portrait of Napoleon I.; — 1811,
IJi. of Medal oniheCrealion of the Order of tlie Legion of Honour, ilSo6,by Jaley.
Portrait-medal of Murat, King of the Two-Sicilies ; — 1 812, Various
Jetons of Societies ; ■ — Portrait-medal of RoUin ; — Portrait-medal
of Marshal Massdna, — 1819, King Louis XVIII. grants a Charter
to France; — Catubaceres; Masonic Medal of the Orient of Paris to
their grand Master (both obv. and ^, by Jaley) ; — Masonic Jeton,
1806 (The Social Contract and St. Alexander of Scotland, united) ;
— Cambaci^res, Arch-Chancellor of the Empire, First Sovereign
Grand Commander of French Masons, 1812; — The Order of
H. D. M, introduced into France by Jean Matheus, Commemora-
tive Jeton, 1S06; — Medat of the Chamber of Master-workmen in
masonry, 1810; &c.
Jaley s son, Nicolas, attained fame as a Sculptor.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, Dictionnaire general des Artistes de
I'&cole fraitfaise, Paris, 1882. — Larousse, Grand Dtctionnaire Universe!. —
Grande Encyciopidie. — Edwards, Napoleon Medals. — Bukenthal, op. cil, — Marvin,
The medals of the Masonic Fraternity, Boston, 1880,
, Google
— 55 —
JAMAIN, Smile THfiODORE (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
Gem-engraver, and Medallist, born at Fumay (Ardennes); pupil
of Vaudet and Hiolin. By him were exhibited some cameos and
medals at the Salon, between 1888 and 1901 : 1888, Marie de
M^dicis, sard cameo; — Milo of Croton, sard cameo; — 1890.
Faun, sard cameo; — 1891. L'accordee de Village, cameo; —
Joan of Arc; — Marguerite; — ■ Agrippa; — 1892. Frangois
TruphSme, sard cameo; — Marie de Midicis; — Homer, sard
cameo; — 1893. Henri Weisse; — 1898. Maurice Brevoire. —
1901. Portrait plaquette of H. Auguste Crouzet, cut in a sardonyx
of two strata.
JAMES, C. (Bri(.). A London Die-sinker and Medallist of the
latter end of the eighteenth century. His signature, generally in full,
appears on the following Tradesmen's Tokens; Cumberland Lake
Token |° ;■ — James's Penny Tokens (2 var. ; signed : JAMES ENGRA-
VER); — Bayly's I"; — James' |", 1796 (2 var., one illustrated) ; —
Halfpenny Token, 1796.
Orchard's|°, I797(2var.); — Pidcock's Halfpennies, i795(4Var.);
— Others, with representations of elephants, rhinoceroses, tigers,
nylghaus, zebras, humped cows, kangaroos, monkeys, &c. {Atkins,
n"' 302-340); — Sims' Halfpennies (2 var.); — Spence's Half-
pennies {Alk., n"^ 511-535 with perhaps one or two exceptions);
— Various Middlesex Halfpennies, with bust of Thelwall, and
others; — Pidcock's Farthings {Atk., n"' 764-773); — Spence's
Farthings (types : Prisoner, Slave, Adam and Eve, Bull, Britannia,
Cat, &c. — Ath., n"' 781-S16 ; some of these, which are unsigned,
may be the work of Jacobs) ; — Newcastle Halfpennies (Atk., n"' 3-
24); — Dudley I", 1790 (Atk., n°= 7-19); — Worcester {", with
bust of George III. and signature : C. I.; ■ — Bedale Pennies (Atk.,
n°=-ii.i4» ; some of these may have been engraved by Jacobs for
Skidmore, the manufacturer); — Also, some Tokens described as
Not Local; — Sawbridgeworth Penny, i8or; — Pidcock's Exhibi-
tion, London Halfpennies, 1800, 1801.
Pye gives fiirther the following Tokens by James ; Aylesbury
./Google
~S6-
(Manuf. : Skidmore, Propr. F. Wheeler); — Bungay (Manuf. :
Williams ; Propr. : T. Miller), ^nd some of those enumerated above.
Most of James's Tokens were manufactured by Latwych of
Birmingham.
Mr. H. A. Grueber in English Personal Medals (Num. Chron.,
1891, pp. 96-97) describes two Tokens, representing, tlie first, Fox
(War with France, 1794) and the second. Fox and Pitt (their rivalry
satirized, 1795).
Bibliography. — Atkins, Tradumen's Tokens, &c. — Pyc, Pi-m'Jticial Copper
Coins. — W. J. Davis, Nineteenth century TohmCoinage, 1904.
J&HIH, LOUIS (5ww5). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
residing at Geneva. His signature occurs on the following medals
■which nave come under my notice : 1892, Inauguration of the
New Central Post Office at Geneva; — 1896, Jean EtienneDufour,
National Councillor; — 1893, Louis Ruchonnet, Federal Council-
lor;.— 1892, Federal Swiss Cycling Club; — 1894, Jubilee of the
Federal Society of Mutual Help; — 1892, Rifle Meeting of 1893 ^"^
Geneva ; — 1899, Badge for Free Masons, &;c.
Bibliography. — Revue Suisse de numismattque, 1895-1904.
JAMNITZER, ALBRECHT {Germ.). Goldsmith and Die-sinker of
the second half of the sixteenth century, who died about 1590. He
and his brothers nnk amongst the greatest artists of their time, and
it is generally accepted that ne did medal-work, although no medal
in particular has been attributed to him with certainty.
JAMNITZER, CHRISTOPH {Vide C. I.). Goldsmith and Die-sinker of
Nuremberg; born in 1563, died in 1618.
JAMNITZER, HANS (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Nuremberg, 1569-
•\ 1603 {Vide Gebert, op. cii.).
JAMNITZER, HANS CHRISTOPH {Germ.). Mint-master at Nurem-
berg, 1626.
JAMNITZER, JAKOB {Germ.). An oificial at the Mint of Crossen,
1623 ; contracted to vi^ork the Imperial Mint of Glogau in 1626. A
Dreier of that date bears his initials.
Bibliography. — Friedensburg, Studien xur schlesischen MedailJenhmde.
JAMNITZER, MATHES (^«j;r.). Goldsmith of Vienna, who in 1564
was entrusted with the cutting of dies for a medal of the Emperor
Ferdinand I,
Bibliography. — D' Friedricli Kenner, Vrkmidliche Beilrdge ^(ir GeschicUc der
Miinieii und MedailUn, Numismatische Zeitsclirift, 190}.
JAMNITZER, WENZEl {Gervi.). Goldsmith, Line-engraver and
— 57 -
Medallist, born at Vienna in 1508; died at Nuremberg on the
15"' of December, 1585. Nagler calls him " der grtisste deuts-
che Goldschmied ", and adds : " Er brach vollstandig mit der
Gothik und schloss sich der italienischen Renaissance an, innerhalb
welcher er, unter alien sdnen Kunstgenossen, am originellsten und
anmuthigsten sich zu bewegen weiss. "
" Wenzel Jamnitzer ", observes Bolzenthal ", who displayed a
singular talent in drawing, modelling, enamelling, copper-engraving,
in carving in wood and iron, in etching and casting, enjoyed such a
famous reputation that Charles V., Ferdinand I., Maximilian II.,
and Rudolph II., made him their goldsmith. His portrait is found
on many medals".
Bergau in Zeitschrift fur Numismaiik, Bd. XVI, p. 131 sqq.
(Medaillm von Wenzel Jamnit^r) ascribes to this artist three medals,
and illustrates one of them, which is only a variety of type of the
two others, representing on obv. the Birth of Christ and on ^
Our Lord standing by the side of the cross. T)' Merzbacher however
contends against this attribution in Mitthdlungen der Bayerischen
Numismatischen Geselhchaft, XYIII, Jahrgang, p. 66 (Nachtrag ^u
Peter Flotner) showing that a Joachimsthal medal, by the unidenti-
fied artist L. R. served as prototype of these medals but at the same
time he points out that it is quite possible that a work by Jamnitzer
may have served as original prototype of the representation of Christ
standing,
Erman does not even mention Jamnitzer in his list of German
Medallists, and of course Bolzenthal's attributions are not correct.
As Bergau himself remarks, even nowadays, some of the fine
medals executed by Valentin Maler, son-in-law of Wenzel Jamnitzer,
are described as works by Jamnitzer, from an erroneous reading
of the monogram VM.
W. Jamnitzer signed his works W. or W. I. His name also occurs
as W. GAMITZER. We know, from the artist's iriend Neudorffer,
that he cast and cut seals in silver and iron; also that he was
employed after 1542 as Die-cutter at the Nuremberg Mint, in
succession to Formschneider, and remained in office until 1559.
Wenzel Jamnitzer was ordered in 1549 to cast some medals with
portraits of Kings Ferdinand I, and Maximilian (II).
Durand gives a Portrait-medat of this artist.
BiBUOGRAPHY, — BoUenthal, op. cit. — Ammon, op. cit. — Doppelmayr,
Historische Nachrichl von Numhergischm Mathematicis und Kunstlern. — Wills,
Nurnbergische Miin^^hebutigungen. — Blanche!, op. dt. — Be'rgau, loc. cit. —
Nagler, MonogrammisUn. — R. Bergau, Zur Kmtniss der N&mbe^er Goldschmiede
da Xr/./flftritttwte-ij.Kunst-Chronik, Jahrg. XI, n" 40,— Dr F. Kenner, Urktmdlkhe
Beilr^es;tir Geschkhte der Mtm^m u. MedatlUn, Num. Zeitschrift, 1903, p. 290.
— i^liheilungm der Bayerischen Numismatisclim Gesellschajt, Bd. VI & others. —
Gebert-Nurnberg, GesohkhU der Mftnistdlte der Rekhsladl Nu^nberg, 1891. —
Durand, op. cit. — Rosenberg, Der GoUschmMe Mei-^dche'n, '1S90.
,/ Google
, Google
— 59 —
JAHPOLSKY, MICHEL (Russ.). Contemporary Medallist, born at
Kiew; now residing at Paris; pupil of Daniel-Dupuis, Ponscarme
and J. Rasumiiy. Since 1896, he has been an almost regular exhibitor
at the annual Paris Salon, beginning with a plaquette representing
Athena (18 mill.)-
Amongst his best known works are : 1896. Portrait-medalUons :
M. & M"" Mas ; — Joan of Arc ; — 1897. " Virgo Purissima " ; —
Russia; -— Ma ni6re; — Uon B*'*; — D' Magnan; — 1898.
M™' B***; — M'°' Z***; — Christ; —Athena; — Diana; —
Virgo ; — St. Anthony of Padua; — 1899. M. Prenez; — M.X'
Virgin and Child; —Inspiration; and between r90oandi9O3; — ■
Henri Brisson (^illustrated) ; — M, Trarieux; — Christ evangelizing:
— M. Diaz ; — Virgin and Child ; — ■ Cock crowing; — D'' Asch-
kenazi; — "Floraison" (illustrated) ; — "La Femme au Nid"
— The French Kepnhlic (illustrated) ; — Water nymph, &c.
At the Salon of 1904, he exhibited the following Portrait-medals
M"" Schloegel ; — M. Mougeot, Minister of Agriculture; — Henri
Brisson, President of the Chamber of Deputies; — Pierre.Descharmes
>stsd by Google
— MaxCaron ; — H. H. Pius X. ; — and a silver Ptaqueice; L'Abri.
M. Jean de Foville in a recent article (" Gazette numismatique
fraii^aise". La Gravure en medaille aux Salons de i^of) observes :
" Les plaquettes de M. Jampolsky et un petit bas-relief figurant
une ronde de jeunes filleSj drap^es ^ ['antique, d^notent la volenti
de cr6er des ceuvres personnelles et harmonieuses. Q_ue I'artiste
perfectionne son savoir, qu'i! traite le corps humain d'une touche
plus l^gSrc, qu'il atteigne plus aisement a la grace vivante, et il
nous donnera des ceuvres excel lentes. "
JAHN, KARL {Finn.'). Contemporary Medallist, residing at Hel-
singtors (Finland), and Mint-engraver rhere. His signature occurs
on a medal of the Finnish Exhibition, 1879. He cut the dies for the
Finnish coinage ot Nicholas IL, M. 20 and 10 Marks, JK. 2, i
Marks, 50 PenniS, S.. Penni, from 1S95.
JAN, MICHAEL (Germ.'). Warden of the Imperial Mint at Breslau;
died in September 1646. His initials MI occur on coins of Ferdi-
nand III., 1637-1648, 1650, '51 and '53, Jan's dies having been
utilised some years after his death. A Ducat of 1649, in the Breslau
Museum, shows the MI accompanied with Jan's privy mark,
a swan, changed into GH and double lily, the initials and mark
of Georg Hiibner, Jati's successor at the Mint,
Bibliography, — Friedcnsburg, Studiett ^ar schhsischen Medaillenkuitde, p. 60.
JAKEBACH, HANS (Germ.). Goldsmith and Die-sinker of Nurem-
berg; ■(■ circa 1540.
JANET (French). Painter of the middle years of the sixteenth
century, whose miniature portrait of Queen Mary Stuart is supposed
to have been used for her effigy on the Tcstoon of 1 561. The dies
for this coin and others of the same period were cut by John
Achesoun, who was with the Scottish Q.ueen in France during
1560-61.
Bibliography. — Grucbtr, Handhodk of the Coins of Great Briiam and Ireland,
1899.
JANINALLI, ANTON VON (Bohem.). Mint-master at Prague, 1668-
1688. His initial I occurs on currency of that period. F^ide Fiala,
Donebauer Catalogue-
JANISCH or JANSCH, JOBST JACOB (Germ.). Mint-master at Celle,
1687-1706; later at Osnabruck, 1720-1725. He Issues bear the
initials I. I, I. or J. J. J.
JANISCH, MARTIN (Germ.). Dic-cutter at the Mint of Breslau,
1627.
, JAHNINI. Fide GIULIANO GIANNINI. Vol. 11, p. 260.
,/ Google
. ■ JANS. Fide VALENTIN JAHN suprd.
JANSSER (Dutch). Contemporary Die-sinker of Breda, whose
signature occurs on Agricultural Prize Medals of 18S4 and 1886 of
Breda and Eindiioveii.
JANSZOON, HEINRIC (Dutch). Goldsmith of The Hague, who
engraved in 1438, 144J and 1449 several seals for Duke Phihp the
Good, and who was still working in i45i.
Bibliography, — Pinchart, Biographies des Graveurs Mges, Revue de la num.
beige, 1858, p. 40.
JANT, JAKOB (Germ.). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver at Breslau,
circa 1592.
JANUA, BATTISTA ELIA DE. VideVol. II, p. 13.
JANUARIO. r/iie MARIA ANTONIO DI GENNARO. Vol. II, p. 240.
The Imperial Mint at Vienna preserves the dies of the following
medals by Gennaro : 1723, Coronation of Queen Elizabeth Chris-
tina at Prague, 1723 (2 var.); — Jeton of 1723, on the same
event (3 var.) ; — Medal on the Peace of Vienna, 1725 (signed :
DE GEN.); — Erection of the Monument on the High Market at
Vienna, 1729; — Birth of Archduke Josef, 1741; — Hungarian
Coronation of the Empress Maria Theresia, 1741; — Proclamation
Medal of Maria Theresia in Upper-Austria at Linz, 1745.
Anton Maria Gennaro Qanuario, after 1737 de Gennaro) held the
appointment oi Imperial "Gravier und MedaiUeur-Director". He
was Chief-engraver at the Mint as well as Court-medallist, and died
on the I" of December, 1744.
BiBLiOGEiVPHV. — Katalog der Mihiien-und M^dailkn-Stempd-Satiimbmg des K. K.
Hanplmunij^amles, Wien, 1902.
JANUS. Fiik VALENTIN JAHN suprd.
JANVIER, VICTOR (French). Contemporary Medallist residing at
Paris, and Manufacturer of Reducing-machines, which he has
brought to a very high degree of perfection. He is a very able and
distinguished technician, and has also executed fine medallions
and medals, some of which he cast in imitation of the early works
of Renaissance (quattrocento) MedaUists. In 1898, he exhibited at
the Salon a medaHion entitled " Esmeralda ", and amongst his
previous inedalhc works are : 1892. Medal of the Gas Works Exhib-
it at the Paris Universal Exhibition of 1889 ; — Commemorative
medal of 'the Inauguration of the Danton Monument ; — Joan of
Arc (after Fremiet); — 1896. St. George medal; — St, Anthony
of Padua (after Murillo); — 1899. M"^ E. Deraisme; — C, Bara-
gnon ; — Ratel ; -— Robart ; — D' Roussel ; — Marlhe B***, &c.
Lucien Janvier is his son.
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JANVIER, LOGIEN JOSEPH REN£ (French'}. Contemporary Medal-
list, residing in Paris, pupil of FalguiSre, Mercie and Denis Puecli.
At the Salon of 1901, this artist exhibited several medals and
plaquettes : M"= MartheB*** ; — M"< Genevieve G*** (illustrated) ;
— M"* Camille L***; — M"'= veuve J*** ; — M. G***, captain in
the artillery; — M""^ veuve V***; — M. Camille B***; — M.
Alfred D***, and in 1902 ; M. PaulBrissac; — M. J. Coquelet; —
M. Rene Paul Faure, &c.
M'i= G.
Granger
JAROSCHIN, JDLIUS FERDINAND, BARON VOW (Germ.). In 1658
Queen Maria Ludovica of Poland entered into a contract with him
for the administration of the Mint at Oppeln, which however did
not come into force. The next year he endeavoured in vain to
obtain the working ot the Imperial Mint at Breslau.
Bibliography. ^ Friedensburg, Studim ^ur schlcsischcn Medaillenkunde.
JARZE, JEHAN (French). Mint-master at Angers, 15. April 1402
to 9. April 1405; again in 1417.
JASTER, CHRISTIAN HEINRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Neu~
strelitz, 1745-1749; then at Berlin, 1749-1763. His issues are
usually signed C, H, I.
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JASTER, GEORG FRIEDRICH {Germ.). Mint-niaster at Munich,
1753-
JASTER, J. L. (Gfrm.)- Mint-master at Breuberg, 1675-1676.
JASTER, JOHAWN JOSTUS {Germ.'). Mint-master at Liibeck, 1727-
175s. His initials 1. 1. 1, or J. J, J. occur on his issues. He may have
filled a similar office in Brunswick-Luneburg, 1702, and Osna-
bruckj 1721. Vide Ammon, op. dt.,p. 155.
JASTER, JURGEN LIPPOLD (Germ.). Die-cutter at Hildesheim,
1678-1690.
JAUDIN (French). This signature occurs on a nine-sided jeton,
dedicated to the Emulators of Hiram (O :- de Paris). Vide Marvin,
op. cit., p. 70, n° CLVIl.
JADNER, HEINRICH (Austr.). Contemporary Medallist, residing at
Vienna. He is " K. K, Hof-Kammer-Graveur", but began his
artistic career as a Painter, having studied under WaldmuUer. His
father was tiie founder of one of the foremost Die-sinking establish-
ments in Vienna, at tlie head of which he now is. One of the finest
Portrait-plaqaettes by this artist is that of Gottfried von Preyer, the
Nestor of Viennese church composers, Ei. DEI.GLORIAE.INGE-
NIVM.MISSIS.VOVIT.HYMNIS.ET.CANTICIS(62X46mill.).
Another medal by him, that executed in honour of Chevalier
J. W, Schorer, the Queen of Holland's commissioner in the pro-
vince of Northern Holland, is reproduced in Dompierre de Chau-
fepi^, Medailles ei Plaquettes modemes, I, pi. xxxii, n" 148,
By H, Jauner are further : Commemorative medal of the Battle
of Langensalza, 1866, with bust of King George V. of Hanover;
Agricultural Prize Medals, 1S66 (Austrian Provincial); — Portrait-
plaquette of Franz Liszt (65 X 47 mill.); — Major General Baron
Josef von Berres-Perez (cast; 65X47 mill,); — Cardinal Schon-
born, 1889 (50 mill.); — Oval Prize Medal of the Viennese Agri-
cultural Exhibition, i8ho; — 25''' Anniversary of the new Free
Press, 1889; — 40"' Birthday of Josef Hellmesberger, 1890; —
Eduard von Bauernfeld, 1890 ; ■ — Golden Wedding of Prince Col-
loredo-Mannsfeld, 1891; — Wilhelm Trinks, numismatist, 1891;
— 70"' Birthday of the Poet Josef Weyl, 1891; — • D'' Leopold
Rorschke ; — D' Johann Sw. Presl ; — Prof. Carl Rokitansky,
1878 ; — Comniemorativemedalof the Military Ride Vienna-Berlin,
1892 ; — Jubilee of the Hungarian Agricultural Society, 1892 ; —
70"' Birthday of Emmerich Ranzoni, 1893 ; — 25''' Anniversary of
the Trieste Stenographical Society, 1894; — Viennese Bird
Show, 1894; — 25''' Anniversary of the Austrian Touring-
Club, 1894; — Golden Wedding of Johann and Adele Medin--
lo.tedo/Googk
ger, 1S95 ; — Josef Latzl, 1896; — David Valentin Junk,
1896; — Robert Scholtze, 1896; — Mathias Meissner, 1896; ~
Styrian Choral Society ; — Fischau Society of Sports ; — Millenary
of the. House of Segur-Caba, 1876; — L. Van Beethoven; —
Raising of a. voluntary Firemen Company by Herr Ed. Foest of
ViennSj 1897 ; — 25"' Anniversary of the Choral Society " M. G,
V. Beethoven", 1899 ; — Jubilee of H, M. the Emperor Francis
Joseph of Austria, 1898; — Franz Liszt, 1901 ; — Amstetten
Jubilee Medal, 1898 (2 var.); ~ Marie, Queen of Hanover, 189S;
fa specimen in gold of krge.sii:e was sold at Christie, Manson &
Woods, June 1904 (Duke of Cambridge's Sale) for k 9.10.0];
— Julius von Piette-Rivage, 1902 (Eine schone Arbeit des Nestors dcr
Wiener Graveure); — Medal of Reward for Valour in the field,
1866 ; — Johann Strauss, 1884 ; — Karl Friedrich Zelter, 1901 ;
— Andr6 Com. Langrand-Dumonceau, 1865 ; — The two brothers
Presl, 1892; — Golden Wedding of Count Francis Jirnest von
Harrach, 1877 ; — Prince Windischgratz, 1867 ; — Rifle Meeting
at Troppau, 189 j ; — D'' Joseph Hyrtl (2 var.) ; — D^ Karl von
Rokitansky, of Vienna; — D" S. and K. B. Presl, of Prague; —
Jubilee of the JosephHeiserFactory at Kienberg-Gaming, 1888; —
Opening of the Kaiser Franz Joseph Jubilee Exhibition at Vienna,
1898 ; — Jubilee iMedal of Amstetten, 1898 ; — Court Medal for
private servants of His Austrian Majesty; — ■ Sixth centenary of
Korneuburg, 1898; — Karl Adolf Bachofen Von Echr, 1891 ; —
Johann Medinger, 1891; — The Hyrtl Orphanage at Mcidling,
1S91 ; — Nussdorf united to Vienna, 1890; — 75''' Anniversary
of Nussdort Brewery, 1894, &c.
Some of the earlier medals mentioned here bear the signature F.
or J. JAUNER and are no doubt the work of Heinrich Jauner's father.
Bibliography. — Moderne Medailk, 1900. — Mittheilungm des Klnbs, &c.
3AUSLIN, K. (^Swiss). Designer of a medal, struck to commemo-
rate the Basle Cantonal Rille Meeting at Binningen, 1893, and
struck by Homberg, of Berne.
JAVA, MABIE AMtLIE DE {French). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Paris. In 1881, she eshibited various Portrait-medallions at the
Salon, She is a pupil of M. Michel.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit.
JAVAILLAC, THOMAS DE (^French). Mint-master at Bourges, 1420.
J. B.Fidel.B.
J.B. Fide BOLTSCHHAUSER (Vol. I, p. 100). These initials occur
on a Thaler of Zurich, 1813. Boltscbhauser evidently worked aiso
for the Mint of Zurich.
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i£, (Germ.'). Signature of a Medallist who worked circa 15 19.
Although, according to Erman, only one medal bears this signature,
several others exhibit similar treatment and workmanship ; they
are all uniface ; ponraits to 1. ; inscription deeply sunk and letters
large; usually a rose at beginning of legend.
The medal signed ^ portrays Alexander Swartz of Augsburg.
(illustrated).
Portrdt-med.il ot AIc^.hi.Il" \:x,my, ':.y ±i Mod^lli^i X
The other medals of similar style are undoubtedly by Hans
Schwartz, under whom they will be mentioned.
BiBLiOGUflPHY. — Erraao, Deutsche Medailkure, Berlin, 1884.
J. C. Vide I. C.
J. G. (French). Signature of a Modeller and Founder of the seven-
teenth century, who reproduced a number of cast medals and
medallions, some of which bear portraits of celebrities of the
fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Amongst his works are : Large
medalhon of Louis XIL ; — Medals of Francis L ; — Philip IL
of Spain; — The Duke of Alba; — Louis de Bourbon, Prince of
Cond^ (-J- 1569); ■ — ^ Pedro Gonzales de Mendoza; — M^ric de Vic,
&c. These are all signed J. C. or JG., and were probably executed
between 1620 and 1640. There is a medal, dated 1567, with a
portrait of a certain Plancheus, who is designated as Duke of Alba.
BiBLlOGRAJHY. — N. Rondot and H. de Ln Tour, Les medailUtirs et hi 'graveurs
IS el mAlailUsen France, 1904.
~ S^cirafhUl-! Nakac/MidMhl' — IH. 5
./Google
njrd.
Medallist of the eigli
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J. C, Fide J. COCHIN Vol. I, p. 283.
J. C. M. Fide JOHAMN CHRISTOPH MULLEB
J. C. R. Vide JOSEPH CHARLES ROETTIER.
teenlh century, 1691-1779.
J. D. Fide I. D.
^ Fide I. H. and Vol. I, p. 318.
Jf. D. B. Fide I. D. B.
J. E. Fide I. E.
JEAN (Belg.). Mint-master at Brussels, second half of the thirteenth
century. Fide Alphonse de Witte, Hisioire monetaire du Brabant, Sec.
JEAM I (French). Mint-eiigraver at Paris, circ. 1354.
JEkKll {French). Goldsmith and Mint-engraver at Paris, 1446-1447.
JEAN, AUGUSTE TOUSSAIHT (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Roconval-Amenencourt (Seine-et-Oise); pupil of Dubray
and Lebourg. In 1861 he exhibited at the Salon a Portrait-medallion
of M.F.M*^*.
Bibliography. — ■ Chavignerie et Auvray, op, cit.
JEANNERET, FRAHgOlS (Swiss). Engraver of metallic dials for
watches first half of the nineteenth century. He resided at Chaux-
de-Fonds where the Rut. du Balancier was named after the big prc^s
Medal of the " Socii5tc des Arracs reuoies".
he used to have in that street. The medal of the "Soclete des Armes
R^unies ", engraved on ^, 7^ Medailk. i" Prix de 1S26, is by
Jeanneret.
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Klentschy, another Medal-engraver ot Chaux-de-Fonds, was
apprenticed to him. Olympe Humbert {q. v.) worked also for
Jeanneret.
Bibliography. — Information kindly supplied by M. Arnold Robert, Prof Droz~
Farny, Prof. W. Wave, and M. A. Mkliaut.
JEANREST, LOUIS FRANCOIS (French). Sculptor of the early part
of the nineteenth century, but as late as 1850 he exhibited at the
Salon several Port rait -medallions in bronze,
BiBLiOGEArHY. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. dl.
tuTi'' (JECHIEL) {Germ.'). Mint-master at Wurzburg, 1207.
JEHAN, SfiBASTlEN (French). Master of the Mint at Villeneuve-
Saiiu-Andre-lfes -Avignon, 1558.
JEHAN (Belg.). Mint-master at Bar, 1321. He was a goldsmith by
trade.
jtHAN DE PARIS. Vide JEAN PERRfiAL infrA.
JEHANNET Vide ZANETTO injrd. Bugatto Zanetto is called
"Jehannet de Milan" in a French document, temp. Louis XI.
This MedaUist, Painter and Sculptor was working circa 1466-1476.
JEHARKET, GABRIEL (French). Mint-master at St. Pourgain,
1491.
JEHOTTE, CONSTANT (Bel^.). McdaUist of the nineteenth century,
bom at Liege on the 15''' of January 1809 ; died on the i2''' of April
i88s- He studied drawing at the schools of his native city and
learnt medal-engraving under his father Leonard Jehotte. Accord-
ing to Picque (Medailks histmques de Belgiqtie), this artist executed
64 medals, ranging from 1847 to 1882.
By him are the following works : The Suspension Bridge
of Seraing, 1844; ~ Modeste Gr^try, 1845; — Sebastien
La Ruelle, 1846 ; — Prize Medal for a Competition between School
Masters of the Provinces, 1847 ; — JohnCockerill, 1847; — Henri
Joseph Orban, 1847; — Horticultural Medal of Verviers, 1845;
— Cercle Med.-chir. et pharmaceutique, Li^ge, 1S44; — Russian
Miniature Medal, 1847 ; — Pattern Five-Franc Piece for the Com'
pethion of 1847 (illustrated in Revue de la num . beige, 1850, p. 112);
■ — Auguste Delfosse, 1859; — General Jardon ; — Francois Joseph
Gossec, 1734-1829; — Medal with bust of S' Laurent, 1882
(remained unfinished).
The Portrait-medals belong to the artist's " Galerie numisma-
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— 68 —
tique ou collection de portraits en medailles ties hommes les plus
illustres du pays", &c,
jehotte cut liis dies direct in steel.
Bibliography, — Revue de la numismatique beige. — ■ Private notes Kndly commu-
nicated by M. Alph. de Witte.
jfiHOTTE, LfiONARD (Belg.). Medallist, born on the i^' August
1772 at Herstal, died at Maestricht, 1=' Angusc 1851, He was first
apprenticed to a watchmaker, but before long it became evident
that nature had endowed him with uncommon gifts for the plastic
arts and that his career was laid out in a different direction. In
1784 or thereabout the young man was admitted into the Medallist
Philippe Joseph Jacobj's workihcp as a pupil. So rapid was his
progress that already in 1789, when only seventeen years old, he
was called upon to succeed his master as Engraver to the Chapter
of the Cathedral ot Liege. This office was confirmed to him on the
death of Jacoby in 1792, That same year, Jehotte was entrusted
with the cutting of dies for the coinage of the Sede Vcwante.
Leonard Jehotte attained notoriety as a Line-engraver,
Medallist, Gem-and Seal- en graver. In 1804 he was presented to
Napoleon at Paris, and the Empress Josephine, who was charmed
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with his portrait of her consort, made him various promises to
better his situation, which however were not fulfilled.
The following is a complete Hst of J^hotte's works :
Gems. The French Cock, rock crystal, 1808; — The Lion or
Waterloo, large topaz, presented to King William I. of Holland in
1828 and now in the Museum at The Hague; — jEsculapius,
jasper; — Hygiaea, amethyst; — Portrait of King William I.,
carnelian; presented by the artist to the Queen of the Netherlands
and now in The Hague Museum ; — Portrait of King Leopold L,
of Belgium, purchased by the Queen of the Belgians ; — numerous
official and private seals (between 3 and 400),
Wood-en CRAVINGS. The Belgic Lion, 1833, after Eugene Ver-
boeckhoven.
Copper-plate engravings. Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul,
1793 ; — The chevalier Goffin and his son in the Beaujonc coal pit,
1812; — Portrait of Marshal de Loudon; — Florian; — J. J. le
Franc de Pompignan, 1800; — Frederick II. ; — Abbot Feller,
1809; — Full size portrait of Napoleon, 1827; — Portrait of Fr^-
ville; — General Desaix, 1803 ; — Hubert and Mathieu Goffin,
1 81 2; — General Kleber; — General Charbonnier; — General Jar-
don; — Abbot Delille; — Bonaparte, First Consal, 1805 ; — La
Tour d'Auvergne, 1805; — Saint-Lambert; — Virgo Dolorosa,
1810; and many others; — Notes of the Bank of Liege, 1835.
Coins & Medals. Ducat, Ecu and Escalin of the Sede Vacante of
LiSge, 1792; — Medical Society of Liege, 1808; — Jeton, with
attributes of Sciences and Arts, i8r8;— Free Society of Emulation
of Li^ge, 181 1 ; — Prize Medal of the City of Li^ge as a Reward
for courage and devotedness, 1822 ; — Medal executed in 1823 for
the Burgomasters &c., with arms of the Netherlands; — Jeton of the
family of M6an, 1824 ; — Prize Medal for the Industrial Exhibition,
with bust ofWilliam I, ; — Decoration of the Urban Guard; —
MedalofJ. J.Charlier, ditla " Janibe debois"; — Liege Prize Medal
for Life Saving &c., 1834; - — Medal presented to Louis Jamme,
Burgomaster of Li^ge, 1834; — N. G, N. J. Anciaus, Surgeon,
1834; — Inauguration of the Bridge of La Boverie, 1837 ; — Erec-
tion of the Monument of the M^an family at Malines, 1837; —
Medal for School Masters, 1835; — ■ Cercle mddico-chimique et
pharmaceutique, 1844; — Construction of the Canal from Li^ge to
Maescricht, 1846 ;— Creation of the Order of Leopold L, commem-
orative medal, 1846; — Building of the Railway from the Escaut
to the Rhine ; — Inauguration of Liege Railway Station, 1842 ; —
Erasme Louis Surlet de Chokier, Regent of Belgium (the two last
were never struck and only exist as artist's proofs) ; ^ — 1830-1843,
various commemorative medals of the Belgian Revolution (des-
cribed in Guioth, Htsloire numtsmaiique de la Revolution beige), Sec.
./Google
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Three of Leonard J^hotte's sons followed their f:itlier's vocation.
Louis, born at Lifige, 7''' November 1804, Sculptor iind Medallist;
Constant, Medallist, born at LiSge, 27*'' November 1805, and
Charles, Line-engraver, born at Li^ge, 3. October 1806, who
died quite young.
Leonard Jehottc was corresponding Member of the Belgian
Academy of Fine Arts.
Bibliography. ^ L. Alvin, Notice siir Leonard ]&otU, Bruselles, i86z. —
Guioth, Uonard J^lie, Revue de la num. beige, 185 3, p. 404. — Ibid , Uistoire
numismalique de la Rdvoliilioit beige. — Recueil encychpidiqiie belgi. — F^lis van
Huist, IJomtrd Jihotte, Revue de la num. beige, i8ii. — Pinchart, Histoire de la
gravure des tiiMailles, 1870. — Notes kindly communicated by M. Alvin, Keeper oj
the Belgian Coin and Medal Cabinet. — Biographic nationale de Belgiqiie, 1887.
j£H0TTE, LODIS (Belg.). Brother of Constant Jdhotte. Contempo-
rary Sculptor of note. His signature occurs on a Portrait-medal of
Jean Baptiste Lauwens, 1855, which is described as of remarkable
execution.
Bibliography. — Revue de la Numisituilique beige, 1855, p. }ii.
JENSON, NICOLAS {French). Mint-master and engraver at Tours
in 1458. In 1470 he settled at Venice as Engraver, Founder and
Printer, and died in 1480. He was born as Sommevoire (Haute-
Marne).
Bibliography. — Durand, op. cit., — Rondoi and H. de La Tour, op. cit.
JERBEADLT, J. (French'). Die-sinker ot the latter portion of the
eighteenth century; he was a native of Bordeaux and engraved a
patterncoin(i79i)which was struck by means of a machine invented
by him : Obv. LA NATION | LALOI I LE ROI within oak-wreath
1^. Inscription in seven lines under Cap of Liberty : J. JER-
BEAULT. I INVENTEUR D'UNE | MACHINE QUI | ACCE-
L£RE EXTRA- I ORDINAIREMENT | LEMONNOYAGE | DES
ESPECES ; beneath, three lozenges. Hennin, Histoire numismatique
dela Revolution franfaise, p. 231, states that he has been unable to
find any particulars of this machine, and M. Evrard de FayoUe of
Bordeaux has not been more successful in his research. Jerbeault
was paid the sum of six thousand Livres as a reward for his
invention. There are varieties of Jerbeault's Pattern Piece.
JEREMIAS. Vide GEREMIA Vol. II, p. 246.
JERICH, PETER VON (Genu.). Mint-warden at Forchtenberg, 1621,
and Neuenstein, 1622-1623.
JES (Rohem.'). Mint-engraver at Kuttenberg, 1483.
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JESKO (Bohem,'). Mint-master at Prague, 1330 (Meislcr der Gohl-
Mtin^e).
JESSENSKT, ISAIAS VON JESSEN (Germ.)- Born at Breslau, he
undertook in 1614 to work tbe Mint of Troppau, in conjunction
with Stenzel Aichhkuser; two years later he contracted for the Mint
of Vienna, was imprisoned in 1619 for dishonesty, acquitted the
next year, and appointed Mint-master at Vienna, on the 5"' of
March 1639, a post which he retained until 1643. Jessenslcy's
distinctive mark occurs on Groschen and Thalers of 1618; Thalcrs
Half, and Quarter Thaleis, and Ducats of 1619; also Half Thalers
of 1641.
His brother STEPHAN JESSENSKY worked the Mint at Oels from
1619 to 1621.
Medalsexist of Isaias Jessensky.
BiBLiOGRAEHV. — C. Oesterreicher, Regestai jm /. NewaU's Piiblicationen fiber
oesterrdchische Miin!prdgungen. — Fried ensburg, StiuUen zur schhsischen Medailleii-
kunde, Sdilesiens Vorzeit ia Bild utid Sclirift, Vll.
JETOT, ERNEST CHARLES (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Paris. At the Salon of 1872, lie exhibited a bronze Portrait-
medallion of C. Pelletan, and the artist has executed various similar
Portrait-medallions of private persons.
Bibliography. — Cliavignerie et Auvray, op. cit.
JET2EL, IGNATZ (Austr.). Die-Cutter at the Vienna Mint, 1763-
1781 ; from 1756 to 1760 he had been Assistant-engraver (Graveur-
Kunst-Scholar). He engraved in 1763 the dies for a Transylvanian
coinage of copper Groschel, signed : I. I.E., and struck at the Mint
of Carlsburg. I do not think that the Engraver's initials appear on
the Viennese coins executed by him.
Bibliography, — Katatog der MUnien-und Medailhn-Stempel-Sammlut^ des
K K. Hattptmim'^amtes in Wien, 1902.
JETZL, JOHANN ANDREAS (Austr.). Mint-engraver at Salzburg,
1715-1726.
JEUFFROY (French). Goldsmith and Mint-engraver at Paris, circ.
1438.
JEUFFROY, ROMAIN VINCENT (French). Medallist and Gem-
engraver, bom at Rouen, 16 July 1749, died at Bas-Prunay near
Marly on 2. August 1826. He filled the post of Director of the
Paris Mint, was a Member of the Institute and a Knight of the
Legion of honour.
The first gem engraved by Jeuffroy is a very remarkable copy 01
a Head of Medusa, in amethyst (illustrated^, sxecnted in 1777, after
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tlie wcU-known Renaissance inuglio, witli the fictitious signature
of Solon.
Jeuffroy, like his contemporaries, engraved a large number of
subjects after the antique; the Paris Cabinet des Medailles preserves
Head of Medusa.
three of these : Athlete drinking from a cup (signed : JEUFFROT-
1777) ; — Genius of Bacchus in chariot driven by a he-goat and a
lion (intaglio in carnelian, 1779); — Bust of Bacchante (cameo
on a sardonyx of two strata). He also executed Portrait-
camei and intagU : Unknown Young I-ady (signed JEUFFBOY. F.
i788);— Louis (XVII), the Dauphin (signed JEUFFFOT SCVLPSIT.
I. lAH. 1788) ; — Bonaparte, First Consul (cameo on sardonyx of
two strata, signed JEUFFROY, 1801 ; (illustrated); — Charles de
Wailly, architect (intaglio, 1807) ; - — Fourcroy, the chemist (cameo
and intaglio); ™ Laure de Bonnevil, 1787, cameo; — Maria Cos-
way, English painter, cameo; — Hancarville, 1787, cameo; —
Prince Lubomirski, cameo, &c.
Chavignerie ei Auvray mention that Jeuffroy exhibited gems at
the Paris Salon, between 1804 and 1819, and adduce the following
as some of the most noteworthy : Head of Jupiter; — Cupid trav-
elling on his Quiver, carnelian; — Head ot Regulus;— The three
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Consuls of tlie French Republic; — M'"^ d'Eprem^nil as Minerva ;
— M'^=Regnau!t de Saint-Jean d'Angely ; — M'" Cosway ; — Darcan-
viUe(?); — Angelin adoration; — Louis XVI. ; — Marie-Antoinette;
-A Lion (cameo).
" JeuiFroy", remarks, M. Babelon "fut le meiileur graveur sur
gemmes de son temps et dans le genre n^o-grec A !a mode, il
Temportait sur les Simon, ce qui expUque et justifie le succ^s dont
il jouit. Wanmoins s'il ne manquait pas de talent, 1' original iti^ lu'i
faisait d^faut. Les quelques sujets que nous connaissons de lui, qui
sont graves d'aprfes Tantique, montrent que s'il eflt persSv^r^ dans
cette voie et copi^ les chefs-d'ceuvre de 1 antiquity et de la Renais-
sance italienne, il eflt pu rivaliser avec Glrometti, Cerbara et les
deux frSres Jean et Louis Pichler " (Histoire de la gravure sur
Gemmes en France, p. 221).
Jeuffroy obtained in 1804 a Grand Prix of the second class as a
reward for his exhibit in that year, and with Dumarest and Galie
was one of the successful competitors.
As a Medallist, this artist produced a number of works : 1796,
Battle of Montenotte (^.) ; — 1802, The three Consuls. 1^. Peace
of Amiens; — 1803, Conquest of Hanover and Rupture of the
Treaty of Amiens ; ~ The Venus de' Medici {illustrated); — 1804,
The Venus de" Medi
Public Instruction reorganized ; ■ — The Camp of Boulogne (obv.);
— Ticket of the Members of the Legislative Body ; — Corona-
tion at Paris {^); — Coronation festivities (]?i..) ; — Standards
presented to the Army (^.); — Napoleon's tlireatened invasion
of England, obv. Laur. head to r. ; signed : JEUFFROY FECIT
DENON DIREXIT. I?i. DESCENTE EN ANGLETERRE. Heroic
male figure overturning a Titon-like monster; in exergue :
FRAPPtE A LONDRES EN 1804; — 1805, Capitulation of
Spandau, Stettin, Magdeburg and Custrin (Rl.); — Blockade of the
British Isles (^. only; legend : TOTO DIVISOS ORBE BRI-
,stsd by Google
TANNOS); — 1812, Battle of the Moskowa; — 18(6, Accession
of King Louis XVIII., &c. By him him are also : Head of Jupiter ;
— Portrait of Fourcroy, State Councillor; — Medal oi the Legisla-
tive Body; — ■ Seal of the Order of the Legion of Honour ; — Bona-
parte armed for Peace ; — Death of Louis XVII ; — The Twen-
tieth of March ; — Petrarch; — Saint-Vincent dePaule; — Hospice
de la Maternity, Paris ; — Hospice des Orpheliiis, Paris ; — Medal
of the Academy of Ghent, &c.
In An XI, Jeuffroy participated in the competition for the new
Coinage of the French RepuoUc, under the Premier Consulship ot
Bonaparte (Pattern j Franc Piece, illustrated).
5 Francs, by Jeuffroy.
The younger Tiolier was one of Jeuffroy's pupils.
BiBUOGRAPHY, — Bolzenthal, op. cil. — Babelon, Hisloire de la Gravure sur
Gemnus en France, Paris, 1902. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit. — Hennin,
Histoire numismatiqus de la Solution Jrati^aise, Paris, 1826. — H. Denise, LeCon-
coiirs de Tan XI, Gazette iwmismatique fra[ii;aise, 1902, p. 419. — Weber,
English Medals by foreign Artists, London, [894. — Millingen, MedalHc History of
Napoleon, London, 1819. — N. Rondot & H. de La Tour, op. cil. — Raspe, Tassie
Gems, 1791.
J. F. Fide I. F.
J. G. Fide I. G.
J. H. Fide I. H.
J. G. These initialsoccur on a Portrait-medal of the tlieologiaa
John Ronge, 1845.
J. L. Fide 1. L.
J. L. (French'). Signature on obv. of medal commemorating the
Recovery of Louis XIV., r686.
J. M. (Swiss). Signature 01 a Medallist of the second half of the
;ixteenth century. These initials occur on a Port rait- medal of
,/Goo(^[c
— 75 —
Barttlme Schowingcr, dated 1561. According to Holler, this
engraver lived at St. Gall. Erman remarks tliat the medal in question
Medal of Barttlme Schowinger.
has a curious fiat and broad lettering and that it does not exactly
belong to the masterpieces. Fide I. M.
JO. Bi. BO. VidelO. BA. BO.
JO. F. CAR. Fide 10. F. CAR.
JO. F. Fide 10. F.
J. OS. (ltd.). Signature of a Medallist of the sixteenth century,
who executed a Porcrait-medal of Giovanni Battista Pisani. I^. IN
OPEM MECOPrA.FECIT.— I.OS. Tree.
DiBLiOGRAPiiY. ^ Supino, /J Meilagliero Meiiceo, Firenze, 1899.
JOBErT, PAUL {French) (,. 1696-1719). Mint-engraver at Mont-
pellier.
JOBIN, ANATOLE {Siuiss). Goldsmith and Silversmith, Numisma-
tist, &c., residing at Neuchkel. He edited a fine medallion com-
memorating the 50"' Anniversary of NeucLkel's entry into the
Swiss Confederation, 1848-1898; also a Silver-wedding medal of
M. Russ-Suchard, Proprietor of Suchard's Chocolate Works at Ser-
rieres (Neuchkel), 1893, and other Prize Medals.
JOCEE (Brit.). Goldsmith, Keeper of the Dies and Master of the
London Mint in 1276.
BiBUOGB.fipHV. — W. Chaffers, Gilda Aurifalrormu, 1885.
atdb, Google
JODIN. Vide SAMUEI. JUDIN.
JOERGENSEN, C. {Dan.). Die-sloker, whose signature occurs on a
medal of the Ortliopaedic Institution, Copenhagen, 1834.
JOFFRILLET, LOUIS {French.). Mint-master at Nancy, i, January
1554 to 31. December 1555. Under him were issued : Testons,
3 Gros, 3 Sols, Sols or Carolus, Petits Blancs or 6 Deniers, Lyars
of 3 Deniers, Pieces of 3 Deniers, Petits Deniers, Mailles or | Deniers;
Florins, Half Florins, Tallars and £cus pistolets.
Bibliography. ^ Lepage, op. cil.
JOHANN {Bohem.). Goldsmith and Mint-engraver at Kuttenberg,
1-1557-
JOHANN, of Kcstenhok, near Strassburg (Germ.). Mint-master
at Miitenberg, 1362.
JOHANN VON COELN {Germ.). Mint-master at Miindcn, appointed
in 1567.
JOHANNEAUX, GERVAIS (French). Mint-master at La Rochelie,
1490- 1495 ; distincrive mark, a crescent.
JOHAKNEATJX, 3I.HkI^ (French). Mint-master at La Rochelie, 1508.
JOHANWS (Germ.). Mint-master at Heidelberg, 1360.
JOHL, MICHAEL (Germ.). Gem-engraver at Breslau, circa 1700.
JOHN, LODOWIC, or LODEWICK, or LOWYS (Brit.). Mint-master at
London and Calais, under Henry IV. (year 14) and Henry V.
(years t and 3, also 5 to 7). His name should perhaps read
JOHN LOWYS, q. v.
^mLioGT>.hVRY.^Riidmg, Annals of IheCoinageof Great Brilitin and h-daiid, 1840,
JOHN, PETER (Germ.). Imperial Mint-inspector at Glogau, 1624.
JOHN, SIMON (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Breslau, 1627, 1636.
JOHN, WILLIAM GOSCOMBE (Brit.). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Cardiff; Associate of the Royal Academy.
" The son of the sculptural carver to the late Marquess of Bute,
Mr. John early followed his father's craft ", says Mr. Spielmann.
" In 1882 he left Cardiff for London, obtained employment with
Farmer and Brindley's, and attended Mr. Frith's class at Lambeth.
In 1884 he entered the Royal Academy Schools, but, after a
successful career, he failed to secure the gold medal with his
group " An Act of Mercy ". Mr. John became assistant to C.B.
Birch A. R, A., then visited Italy and Greece, as advised by
,/ Google
Lord Leighton, and, two years after his first failure, he tried for
the gold medal ;igain with a group on the suhjeet of " Parting".
This time he won it; and Sir L. Alma-Taduma commissioned him
to complete the model ".
•3' — ' -fc^
3^ V " ='.^-^ '.
Pni,rit-niL.Jd(,l Allied W illiam Hughes, 1900.
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'■' Mr. John's portraiture is faitlifiil and characteristic. In the
design of his draperies only docs the artist sometimes appear open
to criticism, occasionally, but not often, as if there were need of a
Medal ol tilt: National Eisttddfudd Association.
few Straight lines and plain surfaces. In such a case the face and
hands are liable to suffer. But the details are all beautifully carried
./Google
- 79 —
out. Indeed, more than strength, deUcacy is the quahty oi
Mr, John's sculpture which strikes the spectator".
Mr. John has exhibited at various times medallic -works at the
Royal Academy, since 1898, I have made a rote of the following ;
1899. Portrait of a Lady, relief in copper gilt; — Portrait of a
Gentleman, relief in copper; — Medal of the National Eisteddfodd
Association (illustrated') ; — 1903. Medal of Lywelyn ap Gruffyd;
— Portrait-medal of Alfred William Hughes, 1900 {illustrated); —
Salon of 1904, A frame of medals &c.
The medal of Lywelyn ap Gruffyd commemorates the last native
Prince of Wales. The reverse shows the crest of Snowdon (Lywelyn
wasLordof Showdonia) with a spray of mountain-ash aud a singing
nightingale, to symbolise " The Land of Mountain and Song". The
lines on the obverse are from a thirteenth century eulogistic poem
to the Prince.
■ Bibliography. — Spielmann, British Sculpture and Sculptors of io-day, London,
1902, — Royal Academy Catalogues, 1898-1905.
JOHNSON {Brit.}. Die-sinker of the eighteenth century, mention-
ed by Evelyn, who however does not record any medals by this
Engraver.
JOHNSON, STEFANO (Ital.). Die-sinking establishment at Milan,
founded in 1868 by Stet'ano Johnson, father of the actual proprietor,
Commendatore Federigo Johnson, who since 1880, has the com-
plete direction of the Works, and who gave the firm its present
importance and extension.
Furnished with up-to-date machinery, a reducing-machine of the
latest type and a chemical laboratory for the colouring of metals,
the Johnson works are able to cope with the keenest competition in-
land and abroad. Not a small factor in the development of the
establishment is due to Comm. Johnson's securing the services of a
talented and experienced artist. Ins Chief- engraver and Modeller,
Slgnor Angelo Cappuccio; but the signatures of other artists, such
as Egidio Boninsegna, Poghaghi, Amsler, Levi, &c, occur on medals
issued by that firm.
At the Espbsixione d'Arie moderna a few years ago, Comm. Fed.
Johnion obtained from the Italian Minister of Commerce and
Industries a gold medal for his exhibits of cast medals and pla-
quettes in silver and bronze.
The excellence of the work carried on at ihe Johnson establish-
ment is proved beyond doubt by the fine productions issued there
within recent years : Christopher Columbus (of unusual large sis^e) ;
— Milanese Exhibition of Decorative Arts applied to Industries ; —
Visit of the German Emperor 10 Rome, 1888 ; — Centenary of the
" Reggimento Nizza Cavalleria " ; — H. H. LeoXIIL ; — Expedition
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— 8o —
of the Duke of the Abrnzzi to the North Pole ; — Portrait-mediils ot
Porro ; — Bottini ; — Cerkni ; — BardeUi ; — Bertarelli ; — Stefano
Johnson, ifcc. ; — ■ Plaquettes of the Turin Medical Congress (illus-
trated'), the Volta Society, the Geographical Congress at Milan ; —
Athenaeum of Brescia ; — Cokimbus Fourth Centenary of the Disco-
very of America, i892(modeIledby a Danish artist); — Agricultural
and Industrial Exhibition at Faido, 1893; — Italian Presentation
Medal of the Swiss Federal Rifle Meeting at Frauenfeld, 1890 ; —
Swiss Federal Rifle Meeting at Lugano, 1883 ;^Vittorio AmadeoIL,
1890 ; — Mgr. Molo, 1895 ' — Giuseppe Verdi ; — Garibaldi ; —
Rossini ; — Gaetano Donizetti ; — Dominico Mustafa ; — Ambrogio
Binda; — Rifle Adccti:;^ .u llouic, Vo')o; — Swit.i I'cderal Athletic
Competition at Schafthausen, 1897; — Dante; — Petrarca; — Alcs-
sandro Volta; — XL International Medical Congress at Rome,
1894 (in Boston Coll"); — Foundling Hospital at Milan
— 25''' Anniversary ot a Mutual Society at Lugano, 1896
(after Chiattone); — ii"" Cantonal Meeting for Athletic Sports,
1 896; — Rifle Meeting at Ponto Valentino (Tessin), 1900 (after Ca-
ssina) ; — Rifle Meeting at Ponte-Brolla, 1 900 ; — Rifle Meeting ot
the District of Chiasso, 1903 ; — Vincenzo Gioberti, 1901 ; — Luigi
Vittorio Bertarelli, 1896; — Rifle Meeting at Locarno, 1900; ^
Centenary of the Independence of canton Ticino, 1898; — Canton-
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al Rifle Meeting at Bellin;^ona, 1901 ; — XI. Cantonal Fete for
Athletic Sports at Locarno, 1896; — Societa coralemutua Vincenzo
Bellini, 1890; — Medal of the Royal Rowing Club witli Portrait of
the Duke of the Abruzzi (modelled by A. Cappuccio) ; — Memorial
of Leo XIIL; — Accession of Pius X. (several medals, of fine
design and workmanship); — Swiss federal Ffite for Athletic
Sports at Lugano, 1894; — '^isit of President Loubet to Rome,
1904 ; — Giuseppe Verdi (several types) ; — Medals issued in honour
of H. R. H. Prince Luigi Amedeo of Savoy, Duke of the Abruzzi :
(a.) Canottieri del Po ; — (h.) Medaglia dei Veneti ; — (c.) Italian
AlpineClub; — (li.)Medalof thecityof Livorno;^ — (e.) Medal of the
city of Viareggio ; — Others, of D' Giovanni Canna ; — Don Adal-
berto Catina; — Birth of Umberto, Prince of Piedmont, 1904; —
Commendatore Alfonso Mandelli, 1904, &c.
At the Historical Congress at Rome, April 1903, the members
ot the Numismatic Division were shown some Plates of medals
issued at the Johnson Establishment.
I'lBLTOGRAPHY. — Rwista ttdiaiui di Numismalka. — Information kiiidly supplied
by Prof. D' Serafino Rkci, Asststanl-ieeper of Coins at the Brera Miiseuiit, Mitano.
JOHNSTON, W. (Amer.). Contemporary Die-sinker of Cincinnati,
whose signature appears on various Masonic jetons, described by
Marvin, Masonic Medals, p. 271.
JOIKDY, FRANCOIS JOSEPH (frencfc.). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Paris; pupil of Sevin and Moreau. M. Roger Marx
illustrates three of his medalets in Medailleurs frarifais contemporains.
They represent heads of a Girl, young Woman, and Chariot of
Time. In 1898, he exhibited at the Salon ; Joan of Arc ; ^ Idyll, &c.
JOKISCHMANN, DANIEL (Germ.'). Mint-contractor at Jiigerndorf.
His initials occur on coins struck there In 1569, 1581 and 1591.
BiBLroGRApHY, ^ Friedensburg, Studieit, &c,
JOLLIVET, ISAAC {French.). Mint-engraver at Limoges, after 1619.
JOLLIVET, JACQUES (Fre/ic/j.). Mint-engraver at Limoges, 1596-
1619. He was succeeded by his son Isaac. The name occurs also
as JOLYVET.
JONAS (^wiii). Mint-master for Canton Uri, 1636.
JONES, CHARLES {Brit.). A Birminobam Silversmith of the
beginning of the nineteenth century, who issued a series of Love-
tokens (described in W. J. Davis, The Token Coinage of Warwick-
L. FoBSLB. - m.,i-^fhka! N.,-l«>«{ MMIUK. - III. fi
,stsd by Google
— 82 —
shire, p. 78, n°^ 932-927). lie ;^lso edited a medal, representing tlie
Birmingham " Pantechnetheca " which is signed : FAULKMER F.
It is possible that Jones employed Faulkner to cut the dies of the
Love-tokens, which form a charming set and are well executed.
JOKES, JOHN {Brit.'). Medallist of the nineteenth century, who
died at Dublin, circa 1880. " He would deserve slight notice except
for his continuing to strike medals trom Mossop's designs and dies
after the death of that artist. He is reported to have come from
Liverpool, and commenced his career by pulling the rope for
Mossop's Coining press. At one period of his Hfe he went to
America and made some money. Strange stories are told of the mode
in which he dissipated his earnings ",
The following medals are signed : JOMES F, : Queen Victoria; —
Daniel O' Connell, 1829; — Another, dated 1847; — Another,
without dace; — Orange Medal (4 var.); — Irish Constabulary
Medal; presented in silver to officers and men, who distinguished
themselves during the Fenian disturbances in 1868, by the Lord
Lieutenant; — Royal Agricultural Society of Ireland, 1841 ; —
Premium medal of the North-East Society of Ireland, 1S26; —
Farming Society, Tipperary Union, 1856; — Temperance Medal
(2 var.); — School Medal (3 var.); — Irish Missionary school
Ballinasloe; — Academic Institute, &c.
Bibliography. — W. Frazer, On the Medallists of Ireland and llmr wavh. Jour-
nal of the Royal Historical and Archaeologicai Association of Ireland, 1889, p. 322.
JONES, J. L. (Canad.). Contemporary Die-sinker residing at
Toronto. He is the author of a medal of R. H. j. Robson, Premier
of British Columbia.
JONGHELINCK, GASPAR(&;^.). Son of Jacques Jonghelinck ; Mint-
warden at Antwerp, i6or,
JONGHELINCK, JACQUES (Belg.). Medallist, Seal- engraver, Sculp-
tor and Caster of bronze statues, born at Antwerp, 21, October
1530, died there, 31. May 1606. As early as 1556, he was entrusted
with the cutting of seals for various chanceries of Philip II.'s
government and, in 1559, he executed the monument erected at
.Bruges to the memory of Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy. He
is also [he author of a colossal statue of the Duke of Alva in the
centre of Antwerp citadel, which was destroyed some years later by
the infuriated mob. Jonghelinck owned the title of Sculptor,
Metal-founder and Seal-engraver to the King, an appointment
which he preserved under the Archdukes Albert and Isabella.
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-83 -
By this artist are tlie following medals : 1555. Charles V. and
Philip n., signed on ^L. iONGEU. F- (Van Mieris t. Ill, p. 408.)
No specimen has been met with. This medal was executed at
Antwerp by Jacques Jonghelinck. It was issued when Charles V,
resigned his dominions to his son Philip, who assumed the ticle ot
King of Spain, 24 March 1555-6, the day on which he was
solemnly proclaimed at Valladolid; — 1557. Another, with similar
obv. and different portrait of Philip II., and same signature (several
varieties. Fide Medallic Illuslmlions, I, p. 82, 11°= 42-45) ; — Ano-
ther, with a third portrait of Philip II., bust to I. ; legend :
PHILIPPVS . HISPANIAR. ET. NO VI ORBIS OCCIDVI . REX
'■^■^^■/^ /:i-A
i- • ' / "
Medal on the bie^e ot "^ ij. ntu i ,-
(Van Loon, t. I, p. 8); — 1557. Siege of St. Quentin, obv. Bust
of Philip. II. ; on trunoition : lONGELl F. ^.. Medallion with
full face bust of St. Q.ueniin ; across the field, a long inscription,
ANNO M.D.LVIIQVARTOID &c. (Van Mieris III, 408; Med.
IllusL,l, p. 83, n" 47; there isavariety in the Brit. Mus. Collection,
illustrated); — Another, on the same event, with similar bust of
PhihpII., but inscription on ^. in German; — Philip II. and
Margaret of Parma, obv. as^L. of last; ^L. MARGARHTA.AB.
AVSTRIA.D, P. ETP. GERM, INFER. G. (V^in Loon,t. I, p. 38);
— Philip II. and the Duke of Alva, obv, PHILIPVS.ILHISPAN.
ET NOVI ORBIS OCCIDVI REX. ^L. FERDIN'TOLET-ALBAE.
DVX.BELG PRAEF 1567, large silver MedaUion, signed on both
sides with the artist's monogram ^; ■ — Margaret of Austria,
natural daughterofCharlesV., obv. MARGARETA.de. AVSTRIA.
D . P , ET . P . GERMANIC. INFERIORIS . GVB. Bust to r. ; on trun-
cation; iET, 45.:^, FAVENTE.DEO. Female figure, holding
sword, palm and olive-sprigs, stands on rock amidst stormy sea;
dated 1567 [attributed 10 Jonghelinck by D' Solone Ambrosoli in
Rapport du Congrh international de tmmismatique, 1891, p. 69 ; a
specimen was purchased by Herr Gsnsul Bodmer of Zurich at Ham-
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burger's Sale of April 1900 {Raritaten-Cabinet, IV. Theil) for 810
Marks ; another occurred in the FeUx Sale (lot 26) ; and it is also
described in Van Loon, t. I, p. 87]. The medals of Charles V. and
Philip II. date from the years 1 5 s 5 to IJ57; they are cast andchased,
like all the artist's other medals.
According to Pinchart, several other medals may be ascribed to
Jacques Jonghelinck. I give here his reduced list, as published in
Histoire de la Gravure des Midailks en Belgique, 1870. None of these
medals are signed. 1558. Jerome de Serooskerke. IJi,. DVM SPIRI-
TVS HOS REGET ARTVS. Standing female figure holding a cup
in her !. hand (Van Loon, t. I, p. 208); — I559- jean Van den
Broeck, Almoner general of Antwerp ^. CHARITAS. OMNIA.
SVFFERT Mother suckling her child, two children embracing
each other and a third playing with a dog ; —Jean Van den Broeck
and his consort Btanca Pausana Cariania (^Revue de la num. beige,
t. II, PI VIII, p. 240). These four medals Pinchart believes to be
Jonghelinck's work, but he hesitates somewhat in the correct
attribution of the few foUovifing, which present a strong analogy in
design and treatment with the Medallist's signed productions : 1556.
Two medals ofViglius de Zuichem, President of the Privy Council
^. VITA.MORTAUVM.VIGILIA. (a.) Table on which books,
hour-glass and lighted candle ;(b.) shield of arms;— 1559, Christophe
d'Assonvillc, Member of the Privy Council ^. 'ehOY OEH- The
Three Ages of Fate (Van Loon, p. 268) ; — ^ 1 5 60. Antoine Perrenot,
Bishop of Arras I^. DVRATE. Ship in danger of sinking and
Neptune armed with trident (Van Loon, p. 43); — iJ^J- Three
medals of Antoine Van Stralen, Burgomaster of Antwerp; —
1566. Josse de Damhouderc, a celebrated lawyer (Van Loon, I,
p. 40); — 1568 Two other medals ofViglius de Znichem; —
1 569. Benoit Arias, a theologian ^L. Nude male figure (Archimedes)
running, with open book inscribed EYPHKA (Van Loon, p. 136).
Domanig {Portrai-medailkn des Er^^hauses Oeslerreich, p. 7), de-
scribesa Portrait-medal of Archduke Albert, dated 1601, which he
suggests may be by Jonghelinck, but I fear this attribution is not
correct, although the artist is known to have erigraved the seals of
the Archduke and his consort.
As a Seal-engraver, Jonghelinck executed the Seal of the
Order of the Golden Fleece, in 1556, when he was only 35 years
old, the seal and signet for the Chancery of Guetders, the seal for
Brabant, 1559, that for Burgundy, 1569, those of the three states
ofihe County of Namur, and many others, down to 1600, at
which time he was assisted in his work by his nephew Sigebert
Waterloos, who succeeded him as Seal-engraver to the Archdukes.
On December 17, 1572, Jonghelinck wasappointed Mint-warden
at Antwerp, an appointment which the Duke of Parma confirmed
to him in 1585.
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A document of 1598 records a payment of 148 livres 15 sous
9 deniers made to tlie artist on account of four medals in gold
which he was ordered to execute for the Archduke Albert.
Jonghelinck, suggests Pinchart, may have been a pupil of one ot
the celebrated Italian medallists who worked in the Netherlands
towards the end of Charles V.'s reign, such as Leone Leoni, Jacopo da
Trezzo, Poggini and others. He is, without doubt, one of the
foremost sixteenth century Medallists of his country.
A. Pinchart, Jacques JonghsUnck, Revue de la num. beige,
18^4, p. 209. — Do, Histoire de la Gravure des Medailles en Belgique, Bruxelles,
1870. — Franks & Grueber, Medailic Illustrations &. — Varims Sale Catal^ues.
— Domanig, op. cit. — Calalogas der Nederlandsche en op Nedeiland betrekkivg
hehbendeGedenkpenningen, s' Gcavenhage, 190;.
JONGHELINCK, PIERRE (Belg.'). Mint-master at Antwerp in con-
junction with Jacques van der Heyden, 5. August 1524. — ■ 20.
December 1529 ; then alone, 12. February 1532 — 39. October
1546.
JONGHELINCK, THOMAS (M^). Mint-master at Antwerp, 5. July
1542 — 20. October 1548.
JONNART, MATHURIN (FreHc/i) (.. 1483-1485). Mint-engraver at
Bordeaux, and " commis ^s offices de garde et essayeur "; he was
banished for having coined a quantity of duplicates from the dies
of the Mint.
Bibliography, — Rondoi & H. De La Tour, op. cit.
JONS (Brit.'). Forger of coins, mentioned by Burns (The Coin-
age of Scotland, 1887). " About the year i860 a watchmaker named
Jons, residing in DunfermUne, contrived to obtain impressions of
early Scottish coins, both in silver and gold, and executed dies in
imitation of these pieces. Some of the forgeries thus fabricated,
more particularly those of the portrait Testoons and Half-testoons of
Mary, are of clumsy execution, and are readily detected by any one
familiar with the genuine coins... Fortunately, like most other
fabricators of old coins, Jons was not greatly distinguished by his
numismatic knowledge. These forgeries of his passed at first with
many, with the less suspicion, from the circumstance that they
were struck, instead oicast coins, thus differing from the older and
better known fabrications of early Scottish money. The only
respect in which the supposititious pieces of Jons are valuable
is, that they are struck upon genuine British silver and gold coins of
modern issue, well beaten out. Letters or numerals of the genuine
coins thus struck over may sometimes be observed peeping out
from below the fictitious superposed impressions. The Dunfermline
./Google
forgeries, even by those unacqu^unted witli the authentic coins,
may be detected by their pecuHar hardness and newness of surface,
by their stiffness of execution, and by the absence on them of those
natural indentations observable on early hammered coins, more
particularly on the long lines of the cross upon the reverses".
JORDAN, JORG (Auslr.). Mint-master at Vienna, 1507, died in
1517. In his death certificate he is described : " Ausrrie, Stirie,
Carintie atque Carniole supremus vicarltis monete".
JORDAN, MAGNUS GOTTLIEB (Germ.). Counter-mani]fa;turer ot
Nuremberg, eighteenth century.
JORDBN, JOHN STUBDS (Brit.). A Birmingham Die-sinker of the
end of the eighteenth century and beginning of the nineteenth. He
cut dies for various Penny, Halfpenny and Farthing Tokens: 1795,
Glamorgan Halfpennies; — Lichfield, i" and 1°, 1797-1800; —
London (Meymott & Son) Halfpennies, 1795 ; — London (Pres-
bury &C'') Halfpennies, 1795 ; — -Newton, Halfpennies, 1796, &c.
He also executed some medals, as for instance, that of the Bir-
mingham " Loyal Associations", 1798,
BiBLiOGiiAPiiY. — Pye, op. cit. — Atkins, Tradesimii'i Tokens 0/ the iS''' century.
JORDOT, JEROME (French). Goldsmith and Engraver at Grenoble,
circ. 1688. By him are various jetons.
JOREL, ALFRED (French). Contemporary Sculptor, bom at Paris,
and author of various Portrait-medallions in ivory and bronze.
JORG (Germ.). Mint-master to the Counts of Henneberg, circ.
1447.
JORGUM & TREFZ (Germ.). Die-sinking establishment at Frank-
fori-on-Main. They edited and struck a commemorative medal ol
the Bernese Cantonal Rifle Meeting at St.-Imier, [900, and various
other Prize-medals; — Neuchatel Cantonal Rifle Meeting at
Fleurier, 1902 ; ■ — Portrait- medal of Goethe, 1899 ; — D' Heinrich
Hoffmann of Frankfort-on-M. ; — ■ Bernese Cantonal Choral Festival,
1902; — Bernese Cantonal Rifle Meeting at Bienne, 1905 ; —
Emperor William Monument inaugurated at Frankfort-on-M., 1896;
— 50''' Anniversary of the Choral Society " Concordia", 1896;
— Konrad Binding, 1896; — 25"' Anniversary of the Military
Association of Bornheim, 1897; — Ornithidogical Sqclety 01
Frankfort-on-M., 1900; &c.
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JORIS OF JORISSONE, HANS (Di'toi). Goldsmith of Antwerp, first
half of the seventeenth century. He is the author of a medal with
portrait of Joachim Aarssens, founder of the Convent of St. Peter,
near Ghent. The medal is dated 1639.
Bibliography. — Catalogs der Nedertandsche m op Nederland betrcMing hebbende
Gedenhpenningen, 1903.
JOSEPH, G. (Russ.). Medallist of the nineteenth century, who
has engraved several historical and private medals.
Bibliography. — Iversen, op. cit.
JOSEPH, LAURENCIK {French). Mint-engraver at Vlllefranche en
Rouergue, circ. 1421-1422.
JOSSE, L. {Frenc}}). Goldsmith of the early part of the eighteenth
century. M. Gniffrey ascribes to him a medal of Louis XIV., signed
L, I, for which he was paid the sum of 400 Uvres on December j i ,
1716. The name reminds one of Moh^re's : Vous ites orfhire,
M. Josse} As M. MazeroUe does not mention Josse in his recent work
on French Medallists, it is possible that Guiffrey has wrongly inter-
preted the initials L. J. which he has noticed on the medal in
question.
Bibliography. — J, J. Guiffrey, La IdonnaiedesMidailhs, Revue niimismauqiie,
1888, p. 317. — Jiurnal hislorique de la Moittioye des mMailUs.
JOST, DOMINICK (Germ.'). Contracted to work the Breslau Mint,
in conjunction with Krappe, 1540-1541.
BiRLlOGRAPHV. — Fricdensburg, Schhsieris nmere Mm^tichwhU, p. 240.
JOUANDET, AMfiDfiE {French). Contemporary Sculptor, horn at
Bordeaux; pupil of Duret and Jouffroy. He executed numerous
Portrait-mediillions, some of which are mentioned by Chavignerie
& Auvray.
JOUANIN, CHARLES VlCTOR(Frenf/j). Contemporary Gem-engraver,
born at Paris; pupil of Lequien. At the Salon of 1863, he exhibited
a cameo in agate-onyx, representing a Dog playing with a Tortoise,
and in 1874, a bas-relief in sardonyx. The Death of Hippolytus,
after C. Vernct; — Charles XV., &e. ; — r886. Shell cameos
with various Portraits.
JOUANNIN, JULIEN MARIE (FrewcA )(.. 1798- iSll). Medallist and
Gem-engraver ot the early part of the nineteenth century. In 1809,
he obtained the second Grand Prix de Rome for his competitive
gem representing " Mars followed by Victory", The only other
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gem by liim I find a mention of is that exhibited .it the Saton of
1831, the subject of which is "Cupid sharpening his Darts", alter
Robert Lefevre.
Bust of Napoleon I.
Amongst Jouannin's medalllc works are : 1798, Conquest ot
Egypt (obv. only, illustrated) ; — 1 805 , Schools of Medicine (Ri.
sev. var.); — 1810, Marriage of Napoleon with Marie-Louise (^.) ;
— 1811, Birth ofthe King of Rome Od,.).
Bibliography. — Bolzemhal. op. cit. — Edwards, Napoleon Mctlah. — Marx,
Medailkurs franfaU, 1889. ■ — Hennio, HUtoirennmismatiqiie de la Revolution fran-
(akc, 1S26. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op, cit.
JOUBERT, LOUIS (French) (.. 1758-1786). Line-engraver ot
Lyons, who executed the dies for a medal intended to students of
the " Cours gratuit d' accouchement " of MAcon.
JOUBERT, MARC. {Trench). Mint-engraver at La Rochelle, circ.
1538-1539.
JOUDIN. Vide JUDIN.
JOUFFROY, FRAWgoIS {French). Sculptor, born at Dijon, on
February i., 1806 ; pupil of Ramey; entered the Ecole des Beaux-
Arts in 1824 ; died on June 28, 1882. By him are various Portrait-
medallions.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op, cit,
JOUFRE, P. {French). Moneyer at Limoges, 1353.
JOURDAIN, JEHAN (Belg.). Mint-master at Ghent in conjunction
with Aldry d'Intcrminelis, 27. September 1367 to 20. January 1368,
./Google
then alone, 19. December 1367 — -iS. June r^SS, and again,
21. April 1369^5. August 1370.
JOUVENEL, ADOLPHE CHRISTIAN (Se/^.)- Sculptor and Medallist,
born at Lille on the ro* May, 179S, died at Brussels on the
9* September, 1867, He was the son of the Sculptor and Medallist
Jean Baptiste Clement Jouvenel, and pupil of Rude.
In 1846, Jouvenel undertook the publication of a Series ot
Portrait-medals of the celebrities of his country. This collection
was to comprise a first set of 25 bronze medals of 45 mill, in diam-
eter, to be issued one each month at the price of 5 Francs. The
prospectus of this Medallic series describes it thus : " Histoire
populaire et mdtallique des grands hommes de la Belgique, ou col-
lection de miJdailles repr^sentant leurs portraits, executees d'aprfis
les monuments les plus autiientiques et enrichies d'inscriptions
historiques sur leur vie, leur caract^re, leurs actions ou leurs
ouvrages, gravies et 6dit^es par Ad, Jouvenel, graveur en ra^dailles
du Roi. "
In 1847 the artist took pare In the competition of the Belgian
Monetary commission and obtained a prize of 1000 Francs, with the
title of Engraver to the King and a membership of the Royal
Academy of Sciences, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium.
No less than seventy-five medals are known by this Engraver :
1818. Jeton de Presence for the Members of the Regency of Brus-
sels ; — 1824. Medal for the Construction of Brussels Hospital ; —
1825. Jubileeof St. Romwaldat Malines; — 1826. Clinical School
of Brussels; — 1828. Masonic medal, on the Death ofM. Honorez;
— 1829. Protection given by the King to Arts and Sciences; —
1830. Laying of the Foundation Stone of the Monument on
the Place des Martyrs at Brussels; — ■ 1831. The King takes the
Constitutional Oath; — 1832. Inauguration of the Grand Orient
of Belgium ; — Semi-secular Jubilee of the Lodge of True Friends
of the Union ; — 1853. Birth of the Royal Prince ; — Indepen-
dence of Belgium; — Eshibition of Silk Industries; — 1835.
M. de Stassart installed as Grand Master of the Free Masons; —
A.Wappers andGeefs; — Birth of Prince Leopold; — Louis Philippe
Marie Victor; — Belgian Industrial Eshibition; — 1836. Belgian
Fine Art Exhibition; — Ticket ot the Lodge of True Friends; —
Medal of the Surveying Commission of the Bank of Belgium; —
The Poor of Tournay ; — 1840. National Award for Life-saving ;
— Medal for Horse-breeding; — Agricultural Society ofMalines;
— 1841. Medal of the Royal Academy of Belgium; — Installa-
tion of the Royal Clinical Academy of Belgium; — Building
of St. Joseph's Church at Brussels; — 1844. Gaming Counter
of H. S. H. The Duke of Arenberg; — 1844. To the memory
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ot Arthur Hennebcrt; — Medal ot the Society " Curcle des
Arts"; — Erection of Louvaln University; — F. Henri Bickes;
— 1846. AbJ-el-Kader; — The Liberal Congress; — 1847. Van
der Haert, painter; — Pattern Five Franc piece ; — Medal of the
Choral Society; — 1848. Belgian retains lier Independence and
Nationality; — Leopold L. Constitntional Monarch; — 1848.
Series of twelve Portrait-medals andjetons of celebrated Belgians :
Juste-Lipse ; — Margaret of Austria (i//«j(ra;etf); — Dodonaeus; —
Jean sans Peur; — Charles V. ; — Van Dyck; — Vesalius; —
P. P. Rubens ; ■ — Stevin ; — Philip the Good ; — Duquesnoy ; —
Albert and Isabella; — ■ 1850. Medal of the Law on Public Teach-
ing of I. May 1850 ; — Consecmtion of the Church of St. John
and Nicholas at Schaerbeck ; — Death of Queen Louise-Marie ; —
1851. Charles Rogier; — Frere Orban ; — H. R. H. Philip,
Count of Flanders, President of the Central Belgian Agricultiira!
Portrait-Jtton of Margaret of Austria.
Society (2 var.) ; — Medal of the National Bank; — 1855.
J. P. Stevens; — - Ferd. Jos, Nicolay ; — Armand de Perceval ; —
1856. Ch. Rogier, President ot the Artistic and Literary Club of
Brussels; — 25* Anniversnry of the King's reign; — iS^^.P.F.X.
de Ram, Rector of Louvain University; ■ — 1859. J. F. Loos,
Burgomaster of Antwerp; — - i860. Chafles de Brouck^re, Burgo-
master of Brussels ; — - Frere-Orban, Finance Minister ; — 1862.
The King returns to Brussels ; — 1862. Death of King Leopold I. ;
— ■ F. J. Geelhand de Merxem (on the occasion of the purchase by
the State of his collection of medals); ^ 1866. J. B. Madou,
painter of Brussels; — 1866. General Baron F. Emm. Chazal,
Minister of State; — Roland de Lassus de Lattre; — Schola " Me-
dica practica ", Brussels, 1833; — Royal Belgian Academy 01
Medicine, 1841 ; — Seal of tlie Royal Academy of Medicine ; ^
Prize Medal of William I. of Holland; — Prize Medal of the Royal
Horticultural Society of Malines, 1841, &c.
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Both Jouvenel and Constant Jeliotte had intended to publish a
Medailic Gallery of Belgian Celebrities Sec, but eitlier from want
of support or other reasons, they did not complete their task. Jou-
venel executed a series of twelve medals tovi'ards his, and J^hotte
even fewer, but I have not been able to ascertain the exact number.
Bibliography. — Guioth, Catalogue des CEievres des gravfurs belies vivanis,
Revue de la num. beige, iBjo, p. 199. — Weber, op. cit. — Thomson Catalo^m,
— Piot, Catalogue des Coins, Poiiifons et Matrices apparlenant d FEIaf, Bruxelles,
1861. ~ Milth. des Klabs, igoo, p. ijo. — Bolzenthal, op. cit. — Private Notes
ofM. Albh. de !ViUi. — Various Sale Catalogues. — Biographic nationalede Belgique,
1887.
JOUVENEL, JEAN BAPTISTE CLfiMENT (Belg.). Father ol Ad.
Jouvenel. Sculptor and Medallist, born at Liege in 1773 or 1774.
Guioth ascribes four medals to him : 1817. " Jeton de Presence "
of the Regency of Antwerp; — 1818, Arms of the Kingdom ; —
1830, Souvenir of the Exhibition of National Industry (jeton) ; —
1846. Medal for the Voluntary Firemen of Tournay; — Royal
Belgian Academy of Medicine (sev. var.).
On one of this engraver's medals I have noticed the signature:
JOUVENEL FILS
BiBLfoGBAPHY. — As above.
JOUY (French). Sculptor and Gem-engraver of the fourth quarter
of the eighteenth century. He took part in the exhibition of the
Royal Academy of 1793. Chavignerie quotes the following works
by this artist, who held the title of Sculptor and Gem-engraver to
Monsieur, the King's brother : 1774, Portrait of Henry IV., carne-
Uan; — Another, cut in onyx; — Cerberus chained by Hercules, car-
nelian ; — Head of Minerva, &c.
M. Babelon remarlcs that posterity has done well to forget Jouy's
work.
BiBLiOGKAPHY. — BabeloD, La grnvure en pieires fines, 1884. — Chavignerie et
Auvray, op. cit.
JOY, ALBERT BRUCE- (ft-2V.)- Contemporary Sculptor and Medal-
list, born at Dublin, who from time to time has exhibited Medals
and Portrait-plaques at the Royal Academy : 1S97. Mrs Bruce-Joy;
— Frank Griffin, of New York; — 1898. Elspeth, daughter of
Lord Archibald Campbell ; — • 1899. Miss Elspeth Campbell,
medallion in silver; — The late Archbishop of Canterbury; —
1901. T, Cvril Bruce Joy, plaque in silver (illustrated in The Sludio,
XXIV, p. "58); — 1903. Maior-General Sir Edward Hutton,
K, C. M. G., medallion in silver ; — Mrs Leake, medallion in silver;
— ly Sir Humphrey Davy ; — Portrait of a Young Lady ; — 1904-
Portrait- medallion of Aubin Trevor Battye E-q.; — Sir George
Gabriel Stokes Bart., F.R.S.
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JOWSIE, ROBERT (Bril.). A merchant of Edinburgh, to whom, in
conjuncdon with Thomas Fouhs, goldsmith, the "profits and casual-
ties" of the Edinburgh Mint were let on tlie 2"^ August 1598 tor a
period of six years at an annual rent of % 5000, or 7500 Merks.
Under this contract a coinage of Riders and Half-riders was issued in
1598, 1599, 1601.
BiBLioGRAPHV, ~- Burns, The Coinage of Scotland, 1888.
J. P. (^French'). These initials occur on the obv. of a medal of the
Soci^l^ ni^dicale du 10' arrondisseraent de Paris (In Boston Coll").
J. P. Vide I. P.
J. P. L. Vide I. P. L .
J. R. Vide I R.
J. S. Vide I. 3.
J. T. Vide I. T.
J. U. Vide I. U.
JUB, A. (Germ.'), This signature occurs on a medal of Klosternen-
burg Abbey, 1814.
JUBANT (Span.). Medallist of the second quarter of the
nineteenth century. His signature : JUBANY occurs on various
medak of Maria Cristina, AL REGRESO DE CRISTINA A
ESP ANA - LA DIPUTACION PROVINCIAL DE BARCELONA,
1844; — Gerona Proclamation Medal, 1844; &c.
BiBLioGiiAPHY. —Calalogo de la Cokccion dc Monedas y MedaUas de Manuel Vidal
Quadras y Ramon de Barcebna, 1892.
JUriN, SAMOEL or SAMOILA (Russ.). Medallist of the second halt
ot the eighteenth century. Nagler erroneously places the date of his
activity between 1704 and 1740, and gives his signature as S. lOU.
or S. lU. Iversen calls him SAMUEL JVDITSGH, and says that he was
born in 1730 at St. Petersburg, and was still living in 1800,
when he was in receipt of a pension. He entered the School
of Engraving at the St. Petersburg Mint in 1741, and in 1762 we
find both Judin and Iwanoffas official Medallists. The first signed
work of judin appears to be a Rouble of Peter III. {illustrated') and
he is the author of the following medals : Commemoration of the
Foundation of St. Andrew ; — Annihilation of the Strehtz dynasty;
■ — Peace of Carlowitz; — Institution of Colleges; — also of some
copies, alter other Medallists : Birth of Peter tlie Great; — Acces-
sion of Peter I.; — Creation of the Russian Fleet; — Capture oi
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— 93 —
Azow (2 var.) ; — Oipiurc of Schlusselburg ; — Capture ot
Narva ; — Battle of Poltava (2 var.) ; — Capture of Pernau ; —
Battle of Pelkineu; — ■ Capture of Nyschlot; — Tlie four Fleets
meeting at Bornholm ; — - Peter the Great's Visit to the Paris Mint ;
— - Portrait-medal of Empress Anne; — Portrait-medal of Empress
Elizabeth, 1761 ; — Conclusion of Peace between Russia and
Sweden 1790, etc.
Rouble of Peter lU., 1762.
Durand observes that this artist's medal on the Rattle of Poltava
has placed him in the front rank of medallists.
Bebliography. — Iversen, Medailkn anf die Thaten Pders des Gtossen. —
Thomien Calahgiw. — Hildebrand, bviriges och Svemka Konmigahusets Minnespen-
ningar, 1875.
JTJDT, ABRAHAM of Goldkronach (Germ.). Mint- contractor ot
Gundelfingen and Stockau, 1622 (Kull, II, p. 707).
JUGE, JACQUES (French). Mint-master at Limoges, 1538 ; he was
replaced by M^rigot Guilbert, on the 16. August 1539.
JUGE,"MARTIAL (French). Mint-engraver at Limoges, circ. 1548.
He signed M. Juge.
JUHEL, JEHAN (French). Mint-master at Rouen in 1520, reinstat-
ed in 1530, and replaced'^ in 1536 by Cosme du Moustier.
jUIGNfi, CLAUDE DE (French). Mint-engravcr at Lyons, circ. 165 1-
1652.
JUILLIOT, LOUIS LAURENT (French). Sculptor and Gem-engraver,
born at Paris in 1827; pupil of Langlois and S^zane. He is the
author of various Portrait-medallions and Shell-cameos, one of
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— 94 —
which, representing a Head of Flora, was exhibited ai the Salon of
■859.
Bibliography. — Chavignerit et Aiivray, op. cit.
JULE (Danish). On Deniers of Magnus the Good of Denmark the
reading occurs IVL€ M€ F€CIT. This moneyer was no douht also
the Engraver of the coin. Fide on the subject Vol. I, p. 498 and
Vol. II, pp. 372-374.
JDir, ANTON PA.II1. (Genu.). Mint-master at Gratz, I7i4-i752.1n
1720 he W.1S paid a reward of 25 Florins for the delivery of 600
new Styrian Thalers; again in 1723 and 1732, Later documents
prove that he was still in office in 1752.
Bibliography. — C. Ocstcrreicher, Re^esUn ^uj. Newald's PuUkalionen &c.
JULIAN. f/&GIANNINl. Vol. II., p. 260.
JULIAN, JEHAN DE (French). Mint-master at Limoges, 1427-28;
he issued Blancs of Charles VII,
JULIEN (French). Mint-engraver at Bourges, circ. 1765-1769 ; in
1766 he executed a medal of the city of Bourges.
JULIEN, GUILLAUME BE (French). Mint-master at Limoges, 1418,
1422-23, 1426-142S.
JULIEN, GUILLAUME DE (French). Moneyer at Limoges, 1512.
JUNCKER, EUGilNE LOUIS (Germ.). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Guebwiller (Alsace) ; pupil ot Gros and Levasseur.
I have noticed his signature on a Portrait-medallion of H. GaifFe,
which was exhibited at the Salon in 1880.
JUNCKER, J. G. (Germ.). Die-sinker of Breslau, second half of the
nineteenth century. He issued several commemorative medals in tin
of the Breslau Exhibitions, 1852, 1897 ; — Marriage of Prince Frede-
rick W^ilHam of Prussia with tlie Princess Royal of Great Britain,
1858;— D' Jakob Waitz, Gotha, 1868, &c.
JUNG (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Gotha, circa 1630. He signed on
both sides the Jubilee Double Ducat on the Centenary of the
Confession of Augsburg, 1630, with portrait of Duke John
George L on obv. and on IJi. bust of John the Constant.
JUNG, JOHANN (Germ.). Mint-master at Bayrcuth, 1686.
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— 95 —
JUNGBEBGER, L. (French'). Medallist, mentioned by Rondnt and
De La Tour, p. 362, as working drc. 1759-1764. I sliould think
this may be a misreading for Gustav Ljungbergcr, a Swedisli artist,
1740-1801.
JUNGE, KEIKHOLT (Dan.). Mint-master at Roeskilde, 1535-40.
BiBLiOGHApHV, — Jorgensen, Bcskrivehe Sic.
JUNGER, L, (Dutch). Contemporary Medallist residing at The
Hague. He was Professor of Engraving at Amsterdam before
I S90 ; Wienecke, tlie present Engraver at the Mint ot Utrecht was
his pupil.
One of his medals, Homage to Victor de Stuers is illustrated on
PI. XLIII, 224 of Cliaufepi^j Medaiiks et Plaqneites modernes;
another of D'Frans Cornells Donders, Utrecht, is described in Am.
Journ. of Num. 1542.
Other mednls were engraved by Jiinger in conjunction with
J. P. M. Menger.
JUNGHANS, JOHANN (Germ.). Mint-master at Hofl. V., 1622.
JUKGHANZ, MICHAEL (GerHi.). Mint-master at Hof, r. January—
24. August, 1622.
BiBLioGKAPUY, — Gcbert, DieBrandenhirg--FrdnliUchenKipperniunislSlten,'iimn-
bcrg, 1 90 1.
JUNGHOLZER, GEORG (Germ.). Mint-warden at Munich, circ.
1654.
JUNGHOLZER, GREGOR (Germ.). Mint-master at Bamberg, 1683.
JTJNGHOLZER, MAX (Germ.). Mint-warden at Munich, circa 1620.
JUNIO THALATIONI, C. (Roman). Probably a Seal and Gem-engraver,
who also cut coin-dies, during the first century B.C. The Rev. Hands
in an article published in Spink's 'Numismatic Circular, zo\. 2899 on
"The Denarii of the Roman Republic considered as specimens of
art" remarks : "From the similarity of work on the seals and the
coins we are led to expect that both kinds of work were undertaken
by the same craftsmen or artists and this is confirmed by certain
inscriptions quoted in Facciolati Lex, sub. voce " sigillaricius", and
" flatuarius"; lor instance, we have the name of such an ariist in
the inscrip. ap. Grueb. 638.6 C. Junio Ihalalimi, C. Maecenatis
liberto flaiuario sigHlariario, and again, other such names quoted
from Don. CI. 8, ii. 15 T. Flavio 7. F. Largonio fabro, flaiuario
sigillariario and again, ibid. 61 C. Sellius Onesimus flatuarius de via
sacra. The name or word "flatuarius" literally means one who
casts metals, but it was evidently continued by an iiuproper use of
the word long after casting had been given up in the mints ".
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JUNKER, JOHANN GEORG (Germ.). Mednlllsr, wlio worked at
Gotlia, circa 170B. "He afterwards removed to Leipzig", says
Mr. Grueber, " in which place there are records of him till about
1716". Junker was a pupil of Christian Wermuth. By him are
medals on the attempted Invasion of Scotland and Battle of Oude-
narde (Taking of Lille), both of 1708.
Bibliography. — Franks & Grueber, MedalUc IllmlralioHS &c.
JUNZINGER (Germ.). Mint-master at Durlach, 1626.
JUPPEMTAWZ, Vide IPPENTAN2.
JUSTIN, MATHIEU (French). Sculptor of the second half of the
nincteentb century. He has executed several bas-reliefs in bronze :
1841. The Genius of France bringing from St. Helena the remains
ofNapoleon; — 1847, Christ before the Crucifixion; — 1848,
St. Louis carrying the crown of thorns; — and various Portrait-
medallions.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, of, cit.
3. V. Vide I. V.
J. V. T. Fide I. V. T.
J. W. Vide I. W.
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K
K... (Gre£k). Engraver's sigiwture (possibly tliiu of the artist KAA,
5.1;.}, already noticed by Raoul Rochette on a Thurian Didrachm
in his collection.
&. Didraclim (Circ. B.C. 390-350). Obv. HeadofPalks to r.,
wearing Athenian helmet adorned with the monster Scylk hurling
a stone ; on the flap, the letter K.
^. OOYPI... Bull butting to r. ; on rump, tlie letter K ; ex. :
fish to r.
Raou! Rochette, op. cit., PI. m, 23. Biii. Mus. C^i., Italy,
p. 292, w" 53.
Raoul Rochette mentions that he possessed a rare coin of Thor-
ium, perhaps unique, " on which the initial letter K could be
seen engraved at once on Minerva's helmet and on the rump of
the bull ", and he suggests that the K might perhaps stand for
the Velian artist, Kleodoros's signature, which supposition however
rests on no solid basis.
Various other Thnrian coins bear the signature K on the neck-
piece of helmet of Pallas.
Bibliography. — Raoul Rochette, Ldlre ti M. U Due de Luynes, &c. —
L. Forrer, Les Signal/ires <k Gravmrs sur les iiioiinaies grecqiies, BrusuUus, igoj-S
K. Fide KLEODOROS. Coin-engraver at Velia, fourth century B.C.
E, (^Greek). Possibly an Engraver's signature on coins of Meia-
pontum and other Magna Grecian mints.
K. Fide KIMflN, KIMON.
-.K. Fide BALTHASAR KLINKE. Mint-master at Miihlhausen (Thu-
ringia), circa 1523.
K. Fide HANS K4STENBRUN. Si^il-engraver and Die-sinker at
Nuremberg; worked, a><:a 1615/16 for the Counts of HohLulohe, in
conjunction with the Nuremberg Mint-master Heinrich Miiller.
./Google
K. Vide G. KRUCKENBERG. Mint-master ;it Qssel, circa 1637.
K. Fide H. I, KIEKLEN. MintmLVster ^t Ulm, 1635-1639; also
H. I. K. or M. K.
K, Fide KETTLER. Mint-master to the Counts of Bentheim, 1659-
1662.
K. r/i^e KARLSTEEN. Stockholm Medallist, 1670-1718.
K. Fide I, G. KITTEL. Medallist of Rreslau, 1688-1727. Also I. K.
and I. G. K.
K. Vide GEORG WILHELM KITTEL. 1694-f 1769.
K. Fide OTimiETi KOma. Medallist at Moscow, 1718-1724. Also
0. K.
K. Vide I. C. KOCH. Medallist at Gorha, 1706-1742.
K. Vide I. C. KOCH. Medallist at Gotlia, 1750-1793 . Also I. C. K.
K. Vide ERASMUS SIMON (KOKGSBERG.) (?) Die-cutter at Kongs-
berg (Norway), 1733-1764.
K. Fide I. E. KRULL, Medallist at Cassel and Brunswick, 1738-
1750. Also I. E. K.
K. Fide I. KOHLHAAS. Mint-master at Bonn, 1739-1767-
K. Vide KLIWGHAMMER. Dle-ciittef at Hildburghausen, 1760,
and Eisenacii, 1765-1765.
K. Vide H. S. KWOPF. Mint-master at Copenhagen, 1761-1783.
K. VideJOBkNif CONRAD KOERNEB. Medallist at Cassel, 1764-1797.
Also KOER or KOERNER.
K. Vide JEAN RALTHASAR KELLER. Swiss founder, worked at
Paris, i663--|- 1702.
K. Vide KOHGSDORF. Die-sinker at Leipzig, 1766.
K. Videm. KRAFFT. Medallist at Vienna and Munich, 1769-1781.
Also M, K.
K. Vide JOHANN WILHELM KIRCHNER. Medallist at Cassel, 1771-
1777.
K. Fide KIRCHNER. Mint engraver at Cassel, circa 1827.
' K. Fide KENDLER. Mint -warden at Prague, 1774-17S0.
./Google
K. r/t/^ CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH KRULL. 1748-1787. Medallist, &c,
at Brunswick.
K. f/ii's JOHANN NIKOLAUS KORNLEIN. Medallist at Rati^bon, 1787-
1795. Also I. N. K.
K. f/ii^ ANTON KONIG. Die-sinker at Brcslau, 1776-1803.
K. Vide C. H. KUCHLER. German Medallist who worked in Lon-
don and Birminjjliam towards tlie end of the eighteenth century
and beginning of the nineteenth,
K. Vide H. S. KNOPH. Mint-master at Hamburg, 1805-1842.
K. Vide JOHANN CONRAD KORKER. Medallist at Cassel, 1764-
1797.
H. Vide JOHANN FRIEDRICH KORNER. Medallist at Cassel, 1784-
1803.
K. Vide WILHELM KORNER. Medallist at Cassel ; died in 1864.
Signed also : KOERNER JUMOR.
K. Vide L. KACHEL. Medallist at Karlsruhe, 1819-1844.
K. Vide r. KROHH. Medallist at Copenhagen, second quarter of
the nineteenth century.
K. Fide KRELL. Mint-master at Saalfeld, circa 1835.
Bibliography. — Schliclteysen-Pallmann, Mi'm^-Mkiiijuiigcii, 1896.
K. (Swiss.). Die-.'iinker's signature on a medal commemorating
the Peace of Basle, 1795 ; also on coins of Sc. Gallen, 1807-1815.
K. (Amer.'). Die-sinker's signature on a Portrait-medal of General
jas. A. Beaver, U. S- A., 1882 (In Boston Coll").
K. (Germ.'). Die-sinker's signature on a Masonic medal of Ratis-
bon, 1768.
K. (Germ.). Die-sinker's signature on a Nuremberg medal of
D'' Julius Knopf (In Boston Coll").
K. Vide KAA' Greek Coin-engraver, who worked probably
between B.C. 345 and 334 at Tareutum, Metapuntum, Thurium
and Heracleia.
A. K. Signature of an unknown Artist who executed a medal
commemorating the sixth centenary of the Union of the Duchy of
Krain to Austria, 1883.
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A. K. Vide ANTON KOBURGER (Senior). Miiit-master at Eisleben,
1559-1567, Saalfeld, 1567-1571, and again at Eisleben, 1371-1577.
- A. K. Vide ANTON KOBDRGER (Juiiior). Mint-master at Eisleben,
I6i6-i630;also at Halle.
A, K. Vide ARVIB KARLSTEEN (i 647 f 1718). Swedish Medallist.
A. K. P'ide ALBRECHT KRUGER, Die-sinker at Leip;^ig, early part
of the eighteenth century.
A. K. Vide ANDREAS KOCH. Mint-master at Darmstadt, 1744-
1771.
A. K. Vide ANDREAS KOSBERG. Mint-master at St. Petersburg,
1789-1795.
A. K. Fide A. KLEEBERG. Contemporary MedalHst at Vienna,
circ. 1865.
BiBLiOGEAPHY. — Scliliclieysen-l-'allmano, op. cit.
■ A. K. {Germ.') Mint-master or Engraver's signature on a f Thaler
of George Rudolph of Liegnitz, 1621.
B. K. Vide JAN BOSKAM, MedaOisr of Nymwegen, end of the
seventeenth century and beginning of the eighteenth ; worked at
Amsterdam and BerUn.
B. K. Vide BALTHASAR KRUSE. Mint-master at Schwerin, 1651,
and Wismar, 1653.
B, K. Vide BDSCH. Mint-master, and KORNLEIN. Coin-engraver at
Ratisbon, eighteenth century.
B. K. Vide WASSILI KLIMENTOFF. Medalhst at St. Petersburg,
second half of the eighteenth century.
C. K. Vide CHILIAN KOCH. Counter-engraver at Nuremberg, 1580-
1600.
C, K. Vide CHRISTOPH KROH. Mint-official at Kuttenbcrg, 1678-
1702.
C. K. ^iV/e CRONBERG, Mint-master, and KLEMMER, Mint-warden
at Vienna, 1765-1772.
C. K. Vide C. KOLD. Die-sinker at Nuremberg, 1520.
liiBLlOGRAPHY — Schlickeyssii-Pallmaiiii, op. cit.
D. K. Vide DAVID KAPPLAN. Saxon Mint-master at Saalfeld,
,stsd by Google
D. K. Vide DANIEL KOCH. Mint-master at Kocnigsberg in Prussia,
1630-1649.
D. K. Vide DANIEL KOCH, Mint-master at Stockholm, 1645-1650,
and Koenigsberg in Prussia, 1656-1676.
BiBLiOGKAPHY. — S di 1 ickey sen-Pal I m an n, op. cil.
D. K. or D. R. Vide Vol. I, p. 409,
E. K. Vide EGIDIUS KRAUWINKEL. Counter-manufactLirer at Nu-
remberg, 1571-1600.
E. K. Vide ENGELBERT KETTLER. Mint-master at Osnabriick,
1637, and Miinster, 1638-1656.
E. K. Vide ENGELHARD JOHANN KRULL. Mint-master at Hanau,
Cassel and Frankfort-on-Main (?), 1737-17^2, and Brunswicl':,
1742-1750. Schlickeysen states tliat between 1737 and 1759 be
signed himself J. K. ; afterwards E. K.
E. K. Vide ERNST KLEINSTEUEER. Mint-master ,'A Gotlia, 1828-
1838; died in 1845.
F. K. Vide FRIEDRICH KLEINERT. 1633-1714. Editor of medals at
Nuremberg.
r. K. Vide ANTON FRIEDRICH KONIG. Medallist of the first half of
the nineteenth century, at Berlin and Dresden.
F. K. Vide FRIEDRICH CHRISTOPH KROHN. Medallist of the first
half of the nineteenth century, at Coixiihagen.
G. K. Vide KILIAN KOCH. Counler-manufacturer at Nuremberg,
1587.
G. K. Vide GEORG KRUCKENBERC. Mint-master at Ca.ssel, 1637-
1640J Hoxter, 1646, and Hildethcim, 1660-1661.
G. K. Vide GEORG KRUGEE. Mint-master and Engraver at Copen-
hagen, 1665-16S0.
G. K. Vide GEORG (CHRISTOPH) KUSTER. Mint-master at Darm-
stadt, 1733-1740, and Cleve, 1740-1755.
H. K. Vide HANS KRUG. Medallist atNuremberg, died in 1519.
H. K. Vide HERMANN KAPPLAN. Mint-warden at Saalfeld, 1595-
t6or.
H, K. Vide HANS KRAUWINKEL. Counter-manufacturer at Nurem-
berg, 1580-1601.
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H. K, l^ide HEINRICH KOHLER. Mint-master :U Copenhagen,
1643-1662,
H. K. Vide HEINRICH KEMPER. Mint-master at Doimv/-, 1669-
1675.
H. K, Vide HEINRICH HOPPERS, Mint-master at Cologne, 1722-
1734.
H. K. Fide NICOLAUS KOSIN. Medallist at St. Petersburg, second
half of the nineteenth century.
H, K. Videa. KELLERMANN, Palatine Mint-master and Medallist,
second half ot the sixteenth century.
H. K. Fide HEINRICH KARL. Medallist at Vienna, first half of the
nineteenth century. Also H. K. F. and H. KARL.
Bibliography. — Schliclteysen-Pallmann, op. dl.
H, K, Vide Vol, II, p. jo6. Signature ot a Nuremberg Medallist,
1567.
I. K. Vide JOHANN KRIEG. Mint-master at Stolberg, 1620-1660.
I. K. Vide JOHANN KONIG. Mint-master at Nordhausen, 1660.
I. K. Fide ISAAC KOCH. Mint-master at Stockholm, 1652-1664.
I. K. Vide JOHANN KITTEL. i656f 1740. Medallisc at Breslau.
I. K. Vide JOHANN KTIHNLEIN. Mint-master at Langenargen,
1696-1724.
I. K. r/(/^ JOHANN KOCH. Mint-master at Dresden, 1688-1697;
\ 1698.
I. K. Vide JOHANN KRULL. Mint-master at Hanau, Cassel and
Frankfort-on-Main, 1737-1742, and Brunswick, 1743-1750.
I. K. Vide JACOB KOHLHAAS. Mint-master at Bonn, 1759-1767.
I. K. FidelG^kZ KENDLER. Mint-warden at Prague, 1774-1780.
I. K. Vide I. KOERNLEIN. Medallist at Darmstadt, 1844.
I. K. Signature on coins of Lowenstein-Wertheim, 1790.
Bibliography. — Sclilickeysen-Pallmann, op. cil.
L. K, Vide LTJDWIG KRUG. Goldsmith, Medallist, Gem-engraver,
&c. of Nuremberg, '\ 1532.
M. K. Vide MARTIN KUNE. Mint-master at Eislebcn, 1560-1573.
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~ 103 —
M, K. Fide MAX KIEJJLEN, Mim-master at Ulra, 1635-1639-
M. E. Fide TSkKim KRAFFT. 1738 7 17K1. Medallist at Vienn.i,
Milan, and Munich.
M. K. Fide MATZENKOPF (Senior). Medallist at Salzburg, r/Vcrt 1727-
1754-
M. K. r!WeMATZENKOPF(jLinior). Medallist a: Salzburfr.ciVm 1755-
M. K. Fide T. X. MATZENKOPF. Medallist at Sahburg, and Vienna
circa r790-i844.
M. K, Vide MABTIN KESSEL. Mint-master at Saalfekl, 1594-1614.
M. K. Vide MARCUS KOCH. Mint-master at Koeiiigsberg In Prussia,
1624-1625.
M. K, FideKAKCVS KOCH. Swedish Mint-master, 1628-1663.
MK. Vide I. C. MORIKOFER. Swiss Medallist; died at Berne in
1790.
M. K. Vide MICHAEL KLEINER. Mint-master at St. Petersburg,
1808-1809, Kolpin, 1810, and Ischora, 1810-1811.
M. K. Fide MICHAEL KUTSCHKIN. Medallist at St. Petersburg,
1845-1872.
0. K, r;We OTTFRIED KONIG. Medallist at Moscow, 1718-1724.
P. K. Vide PHILIPP KLUVER. Mint-master at Danzig, 1588-1610.
P. K. FiW^ P. KAISERSWERTH. Medallist at Vienna, circa 1746-
1771.
P. K. Vide PETER KEMPSON. Die-sinker at Birmingham, end ol the
eighteenth century, and early part of the nineteenth.
R. K. Vide REINHARD KRUGER. Medallist of the first half of the
nineteenth century.
S. K. Vide SAMUEL KIRCHNER. Mint-master at Schweidnitz,
1622.
S. K. Vide SIEGMUND KLEMMER. Mint-warden at Vienna, 1765-
1776; also at Kremnitz, 1779.
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T, K. Initials of ;in Issuer ot Farthings and Tokens (lemb. Com-
monwealth), in pewter and mixed metals {M and brass). On some
of these coins, the initials E. R. occur.
W.K.VideVllLEEhU KITTEL. Medallist at Breslan, 1730-1769;
born in 1654.
W. K, Fide WILHELM RLEINSCHMIDT. Mint-master at Hildburg-
hausen, 1760-1770.
W, K. Vide WILHEM KULLRICH. Medallist at BerHu, 1850-1885.
liiBtiOGRAPHV. — Schlickeysen-Paiimann, op.cil.
RACHEL, GEORG (Germ.'). Probably a son ofLndwig Kachel. His
signature occurs, as the Designer, on a medal engraved by Schwenzer,
commemorating the Silver Wedding of the Grand Duke Friedrich
of Baden and bis consort Louise, 1S81.
KACHEL, LUDWIG {Germ.). Medallist and Mint-engraver at
Karlsruhe, circa 1826-1874. Some of his medals are signed K,
others I, Kachel. In 1834, he was entrusted by the Grand Duke ot
Baden with the execution of a medal on the consecration of the
monument, placed in the chapel of the castle of Pforzheim, in
honour of the 400 Plorzheimers who fell at Wimpfen. He is also
the author of a medal with portrait of Ludwig, Grand Duke of
Baden, and ^L. the Karlsruhe mint, 1826. A Kronenthaler of
Baden, 1836, struck to commemorate the creation of the Zollverein
is signed K on I^., and a Portrait medal ot Prince Karl Egon II.
of Fiirstenberg and Consort Amalie, on their silver wedding, 1843,
L. Kachel.
L. Kachel was born on 18. August 1791 at Ludwigsburg and
died on 7. February 1878. His artistic career extended over a very
long period ; before 1816, the artist was employed in a private capa-
city; in that year he was appointed Assistant-engraver at Mann-
heim, in 1834, second Mini-warden at the same mint, in 1826,
Mint-warden at Karlsruhe; nominated Privy-Councillor in 1836;
and retired on a pension in 1874.
BlBLIOGHAPHY, — Bolzenthal, Oil. cit. — Menadier, 0^. cU. — Bahrfeldt,
Mitnj:en der Furslenlhiimer HolKn\ollern. — Fr, Dolliiiger, Dk FiirsUnbergisclien
Jfun^en uni Medailhn, 1903.
KADNER VON GREIFEKECK, GEOEG (Bohem.). Mint-master at
Joachimsthal, 1577-1582. Distinctive mark, dolphin or griffin's
head within circle. His widow Lucia superintended the Mint after
his death until 1584. The coins issued by him were struck in the
name of the Emperor Rudolph 11.
BiBLiOGRAFHY. ■— Fiala, ob. til.
atdb, Google
— 105 —
KAERSCHMIBT Vide KALTSCRMIDT.
KAGRER, JAKOB (Austr.). Moneyer at Vienna, 1452.
KAHLE, PHILIPP (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Gottingen, 1631.
KAHLE BROTHERS (Germ.) Type founders of Weimar. Issued a
bracteate Medallion of the Weimar Artists' Association, 1903.
KAISER, GREGOR (Germ.). Goldsniitji, and Die-cutter at the
Mint of Koenigstein, 1567.
KAISER, W. (Swiss). Editor of Medals, residing at Berne. I have
noticed his signature on two medals executed by F. Homherg :
Restoration of Berne Cathedral, 189}; — Inauguration of Tell's
Monument at Altdorf, 1895.
KAISERSWERTH. FiWc KEISERSWERTH.
KAISUN KHAN y^ ii/ (Chinese). A.D. 1282-1311. Nephew of
Timur, whom he succeeded in 1307 as third Emperor of the Yiian
dynasty. He achieved noteworthy reforms. Under his rule, in 1309,
there was a new issue of silver tael notes, and the first Mongol cash
were coined.
Bibliography. ■ — Herbert A. Giles, A Chinese Biographical Dictionary, 1898.
KAA (Greek). Coin-engraver's signature which is met with,
sometimes also in the still more abbreviated form, K, on currency
of Heracleia, Metapontum, Tarentum and Thurium, circ. B.C.
345-334. It generally occurs on types of great merit, and on some
silver Staters of Heracleia, Metapontum and Tarentum, it is associat-
ed with the signature of the engraver APIZTOiENOZ.
D' Arthur Evans has been the first to recognize an artist's signa-
ture in the inscription KAA, K (Horsemen of Tarentum, p. 54 sqq.)
and M. M. P. Vlasto has since supplemented our Information on
the subject (Journal international d' archeologie numismaiique, p. 104
The accompanying list of the artist KAA's work is based upon
the conclusions of the above-named writers.
The artist KAA, who, with his associate Aristoxenos, succeeded
*, the originator ofthe Herakles type on Heracleian coins, was
probably employed in cutting coin-dies at Heracleia between B.C.
345 and 334. To that same period belong his Metapontine types,
./Google
— io6 —
and probnbly also his Tarcntine and possibly Thurian issues. All
these show a remarkable slmiLirity of style and treatmcnc.
A conjunction ot the signaiures KAA, 0\ and API occurs at about
the same period on coins of Tarentum.
I. jR.. Didrachm. Obv, Head of Fallas to r., we.iring earring,
necklace, and crested hehnet, on side of which, Skylk hurling
A
stone; in front, K : border of dots.
<t)
^. hHPAKAHION. Henikles, nude, standing towards r.,
strangling lion with both arms; behind, KAA and club; between
legs, owl, Co r.
Weight, 119,9 grs. — B. M. Cat., Italy, p. 228, n"' 28,
29, — Carfrae Sale Catalogue, lot 10. — Montagu Sale
Catalogue, Pi. i, n" 34.
2. ^. Didrachm. Obv. HPAKAHinN. Head of Pallas to r.,
wearing earring, necklace, and crested Corinthian helmet, on which
Skylla; behind K; border of dots.
^. hHPAKAHIflN. Herakles, nude, standing, facing, holding
club downwards in r. and bow in 1. ; over left arm, lion's skin ; in
field, to I., one-handled vase, beneath which, AOA.
Weight, 121,7 &^- — B. M. Cat., p. 229, n» 33.
METAPONTU.M
The coins of Metapontum signed KAA and K are all remarkable
in style and were struck between B.C. 345 and 334. The latest are
probably those exhibiting on obv. the laurel-crowned head of Zeus,
,,C.oo(^lc
— I07 —
wliich belong to tlie time of Alexander of Epiriis' landing in Italy
and sojourn at Mctapontuni.
3. JR.. Didrachm. Obv. Head of Demeter to r., wearing corn-
wreatli and diaphanous veil hanging down behind, also earrings
and pearl-necklace; in the field, to r. AAMATHP : border of dots.
^L. META (to 1.). Ear 01 corn, to r., bucraoiura and KAA in
microscopic letters.
De Luynes Collection, Paris. — Vlasto, 1901, Pi. g, 14.
4. JR.. Didrachm. Similar, with dove instead of bi
on I^.
Head, Hist. Num., p. 64. — Vlasto, p. 105, n° 2.
5. JR.. Didrachm. Similar, with serpent instead of dove.
6. .(R. Didrachm. Similar, without any symbol.
Bunbury Sale Cat., lot. 134. — Garrucci, PI. cm, n° 5
Vlasto, p. 105, n° 4.
This head of Demeter bears strong resemblance with that of Hera
on the Tareniine gold staters of Archidamos and Alexander the
Molossian's time, remarks D'' Evans, who notices, however, that
the stephane is here replaced by a corn-wreath.
7. Jr.. Didrachm. Obv. Three-quarter face representation of the
youthful Dionysos, ivy-crowned, to I. ; in the field, to r., KAA.
IJL. META. Ear of corn, with leaf to 1. on which serpent ; beneath
leaf, 01 AO.
Fiorelli, Colt" Santangelo, n°" 4018, 4019. — Garrucci,
op. cit., PI. CIV, 3, where the coin is badly reproduced. —
Vlasto, op. cit., PI. G, 16. — Evans, Horsemen, &c., p. 72,
note 53.
,stsd by Google
■ This beautifal type of Dionysos has much in common with the
head ot Apollo or Helios on the Tarentine gold |^ Staters and silver
Diobob struck by the Molossian Alexander in Italy.
8. jR. Didrachm. Obv. Oak-crowned head of the Dodonaean
Zeus; behind, fidmen.
^. METAHON. Corn-spike; in field, to r, KAA.
Carelli, PI. clh, 54. — Evans, Horsemen &c., p. Sz.
9. JK.. Didrachm. Obv. Laureated head of Zeus, to r. ; laurel-
wreath with berries ; behind, fulmen.
^L. ...TAPON. Ear of corn with leaf to r, ; above, poppy-head,
beneath which, KAA.
Weight : 119,8 grs. — Vlasto, op. cit.. Pi. ?, 15. B. M.
Cat., Italy, p. 249, n" 89. — Evans, Sale Catalogue, 1898.
"^"^^^ V.^
10. M.. Didrachm. Similar, without poppy-head on I^.
Seltman Collection. — Vlasto, op. cit.. Pi. ;, 19.
A comparison of these heads of Zeus with that on the Tarentine
gold Staters of Alexander of Epjrus leaves no doubt that the artist
KAA was the engraver of both the Merapontine and Tarentine
coins.
With the signature K, Mr. Vlasto illustrates two very rare speci-
mens which are described in Fiorelh's Catalogue of the Santangelo
Collection at Naples.
11. JR.. Didrachm. Obv. Helmeted head to !. of young hero
(probably "Tharragoras "); in front, OAPPATOPAZ; to r., K.
I^i. Ear of corn with leaf to 1. , to r., META; beneath, ONA.
Vlasto, op. cit., PI. z, 2. — Fiorelli, Santangelo Cat.,
?" 409J; . . . ,
The inscription ONA which occurs on the ^. of this coin is also
found on a Didrachm of Tarentum, with obv. by KAA (Evans,
,/Googk
— 109 -
Period iV. type H, n" 4), which constitutes one more proof that
the same engraver worked also at Tarentum, and that here he sign-
ed en artiste K.
12. JR.. Didrachm. Obv. AAMATHP. Head of Demecer to 1.,
wearing corn-wreath : behind, K-
^. META. Ear of corn with leaf to \. ; above which, crab, and
beneath, APXir.
Vlasto, op. cil., PI. 7.', n" 3. — Fiorelli, Santangelo Cat.,
n" 4035.
Both D' Evans and M. Vlasto have dwelt at length on the question
whether the signature KAA or K on coins of Tarentum refers to a
magistrate or to an engraver, and they have proved beyond doubt
that, not Only KAA was a die-cutter, but also that he is the same
artist who worked at Heracleia and Metapontum.
Some of the Tarentine productions of KAA are signed, others can
only be ascribed to him on account of similarity of work with other
known dies by him. Of course, in case of unsigned coins, there is
always uncertainty as to tlieir attribution.
13. Af. Stater (Circ. B.C. 54<>)- Obv. Head of Hera to r., wear-
ing ornamented stephanS and diaphanous veil hanging down be-
hind (as on silver Didrachmof Metapontum (n" 12), described above);
also earrings with three pendants and pearl-necklace. In the field,
to r., a dolphin; to 1., E : border of dots,
15^. TAPANTINflN (to 1.). Poseidon, upper part of body nudcj
lower part enveloped in himation, seated to I. on chair, and holding
trident in 1. liand. His son, Taras, stands in front of him, nude, with
both hands raised; in the field, to r., star and H; between the legs
of the stool, a small K ■ border of dots.
Weight : 8,52 grammes. — De Luynes Coll", Paris. — Vlasto,
MonnaifS d'or de Tarcnte, PI. ie, i.
Varieties exist of this coin at the British and Berlin Museums,
and there was one in the Ashburnham collection.
14. ^. AT. I Stater. Obv. Head of Hera, without the veil, wearing
stephane, under which the hair falls down behind in long curls;
earrings and necklace; in the field, to I. K; to r., ^-.M.* : border
of dots.
!^. TAPA2 (to r.). Taras (as Herakles infant) seated, the r. knee
bent,, holding in r. hand a distaff, and in 1. a ball of wool; in the
field beneath, dolphin to r.
Santangelo, n" 3297. — Vlasto, loc. dl., PI. ie, ii.
Specimens are in the Museums of Vienna, Paris, Berlin, &c.
15. AT. j| Stater. Head of Hera, as above to r. ; in the field to 1.,
K, to r. M — * : border of dots.
,stsd by Google
^. Diota; around, TAPAN.
Vlasto, loc. cit., PL IE, 14.
Specimens in London, Paris, Berlin, Vienna, Naples, &c.
16. M. Stater of Alexander of Epiras, son of Neoptolemos, struck
at Tarentum (?) B.C. 334-3^0. Obv. Head ofZeusDodonaeos to r.,
wearing oak-wreath.
^- TOY^lfEOPTOrEMOY- ''°''"™ •'""' sp=>r-heail in centre.
Weight : 8,55 grammes. — Vlasto, loc.cit.,V\. ie, 16. — London
and Paris.
This head of Zeus and that on the silver Didrachms of Matapon-
turn (n"^ 8-10) are identical in style and treatment, and were pro-
bably copied from some fine contemporaneous sculpture.
17. M. Yi Stater. Obv. Radiate head of Helios, three quarter-face
to 1.
AA
^. Fulmen.
EI
Weight, 0,648 grammes. — Vlasto, he. cit., PL ie, 13.
Specimens in tlie Vlasto and Ev.ms Collections.
18. .iR. Diobol. Obv. Radiate head of Helios, three-quarter face
to I.
^. AAEHANAPOY TOY NEOHTOAEMOY. Fulmen.
Weight: 1,15 grammes. — Vlasto, /oc. n'(., 1901, PI. G, 17-18.
Varieties in the Vlasto, Brit. Museuai, Naples Museum, &c.
collections.
This type of head oi Helios is evidently due to the same engraver
KAA who did the fine Didrachm of Metaponium (n" 7) with three-
quarter lace of Dionysos, on which we find the same characteristic
treatment of curls and peculiar smile, as M. Vlasto remarks.
19. B^. Didrachm (Period IV., B.C. 344-334). Obv. Nude
boy crowning his horse, foreleg raised, to r. ; beneath, K and club.
Ri.. Taras to 1. riding on dolphin, holding trident and round shield
in L hand and kantharos in extended r. ; oeneath, fl and waves :
plain border.
Evans, type B, i, PL iv, i- — ■ CarelH, cxn, 163.
20. jR.. Didrachm. Obv. Nude boy crowned by flying Victory
on prancing horse to r., which is embraced by another naked boy ;
K beneath horse ; beaded circle.
^. Taras riding sideways on dolphin to r., turning back to aim
his trident at tuimy-fish; beneath, waves; in field I; under arm
of Taras, square raised tablet.
Evans, type F, 3. Paris.
21. jR. Didrachm. Obv. Similar, but I beneath horse. Ri.- Taras
seated sideways on dolphin- to L, as last, extending one-haodled
vase; behind, K.
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Evans, type F, 3, PI. iv, 5. — B. M. Cat., n" 172. — Car.,
CXI, i;o.
22. M.. Didrachm. Obv. As last. ^L. Similar; K in front of
Taras, and behind, a square raised tablet.
Evans, type F, 4, PI. iv, 6. — Leake Collection.
2j. ^. Didrachm. Similar, with scallop in place of tablet
on 1%.
Evans, type F, 5. — Car., cxi, 149.
24. JR.. Didrachm. Obv, Nude horseman in crested helmet to
1., holding two lancus and round shield in 1. hand ; shield adorned
with hippocamp. In front. Victory winged, clad in diploidion,
advancing to L, turns half round and sei;ies the rearing steed by the
rein and forelock; above, TAPANTINflN in minute letters ; in field
to r. HA ; beneath horse, M and KAA in minute letters. ^L. Taras
astride on dolphin to r., throwing forward 1. leg., hurling dare
with r., and in his I. holding two spears, while his chlamys, caught
on his I. arm, streams in the wind; beneath, KAA in minute letters,
and waves.
Evans, type G, r, PI. iv, 7. — Saninngelo Collection. —
Vlasto, 1901, loc. cil., PI. z, 7. — B. M. Cat., n° 272. —
Cf. Carelli, cxii, 107.
25. JR.. Didrachm. Obv, Nude horseman on prancing horse
to r., lancing downwards with r. hand; behind, a large round
shield and two lances ; border of dots; in field to I., h; to r. A;
beneath horse, ^^^.
^L. Taras astride on dolphin, holding a crested helmet between
his hands, with his head slightly bowed towards it; in field, on
either side, an eight-rayed star; beneath dolphin, (t>l.
Evans, type H, i, PL iv, 11.— B. M. Cat., n" 213.
26. JR.. Didrachm- SimiLir, but on ^. beneath dolphin, API,
Evans, type H, 2, PI. iv, lo. — B. M. Cat., n" 210.
The API may here stand for A.ristoxenos.
27. M.. Didrachm. Similar, but on Ri.. beneath dolphin, KAA.
Evans. typeH, 3. — B. M. Cat., n° 211.
28. JPi. Didrachm. Similar, but on I^i.. bmiiath dolphin, ONA.
Evans, type H, 4, — Nervegna Collection,
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The inscription ONA is associated witli that of K on a Mctapon-
tineDidrachm (n° ii).
39. ^, Didrachm. Obv. Similar; but in field to I. Ai to r. N ;
beneath horse ^'^ .^L. As last, but no stars ; beneath dolphin, KAA .
Evans, type H, 5, PI. iv, 3. — Car., cxii, 159. — B. M.
Cat., n" 312.
30. JR.. Didrachm. Obv. Similar; in field to r,, N; beneath
horse.
KAA
N
^L. Taras astride, &c., to 1., his further leg outlined in front of
dolphin's head; he holds in his 1. hand a small round shield orna-
mented with hippocampj and extends his r. to receive a small
wreath -bearing Victory; in field, tor., K; beneath dolphin, waves,
and smalt tunny-fish.
Evans, type H, 6, PI. xi, 8. — Paris Medal Cab'. — Car.,
cxii, 160.
31. JR.. Didrachm. Obv. Two Dioskuri cantering to r. ; above,
TAPAN ; beneath horse, KAA, in microscopic letters.
]^. As last, with Taras holding two spears and hippocamp shield ;
beneath, KAA and waves.
Evans, type K, i., — Ncrvegna Collection.
32. JB^. Didrachm. Obv. Nude male figure standing to i., and
half turning round to seize forelock and bridle of stationary horse ;
he holds in 1. hand, which is laid on the bridle, a wreath. The
horse is mounted by a naked boy; above, TAPANTINflN; in field
CO 1., H; to r., A; beneath horse, KAA in microscopic letters ;
border of dots.
1^. Taras as an Ephebos riding on dolphin to r., and holding
in 1. hand a strung bow and two arrows, and in his r,, behind him,
another arrow; beneath, tj>|.
Evans, type L, i, PL iv, 8. — Santangelo Collection. —
Vlasto, he. cit., PI. :
Ar'
A^ ii(
Some Didrachms of Period III oi Evans (Circ. B. C. 380-H5)
and probably belonging to the end of that period bear the shortened
signature of the artist, K or )) (Vide Evans, Horsemen of Tarentum,
p. S3sqq.).
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33- J^- Didnichm (Period III). Obv. Nude boy (ay.rfir.Toq) on
horse walking to 1., wiio holds the bridle of a second horse walking
beside the other; he is crowned by a small Victory flying behind ;
in field tol. K; beneath horse, (t>l.
^. Taras seated sideways on dolphin to 1., turning round to
aim trident at tunny-fish (cfr. n° 20); below, curling waves; in
field to r. A.
Evans, type G, i. PI. 111, 8. — Evans Collection,
34. JB^. Didrachm. Similar ; no letter in field of 1^., trident with
cross-bar at top.
Evans, type G, 2. — Car. cxiv, 214.
35. JK. Didrachm. Obv. Similar. ^L. As last, but beneath
dolphin, 'A, and in the field to r., square raised tablet (cfr. n" 20).
Evans, type G, 3. PL 111, 7. — B. M. Cat., n" 185.
36. M.. Didrachm. Obv. Similar. I^i.. Taras astride, &c., to 1.,
his 1. hand resting on the dolphin's back., and with his r. extending
one-handled vase; in field to 1. K; below, waves.
Evans, type G, 4. — Car. cxiv, 213,
D' Evans points out that "in the present group of coins the
initial A is associated with the obverse signatures K and <J>I in con-
junction. This conjunction of signatures answers under an abbre-
viated form to the conjunction of KAA, <J>1 and API on a group of
coins which presents the clearest example of artistic collaboration
on the Tarentine dies... The signature K undoubtedly belongs to
the same engraver, who at a slightly later date attaches his signature
to some of the noblest of the Tarentine types, indifferently with
the initial K and the fuller form KAA".
37. JR.. Didrachm. Obv. Horseman advancing to 1. in crested
helmet, holding reins in r. hand, shield and spear in I. ; beneath
horse, A,
^L. Taras holding trident on shoulder; beneath, K and waves.
Evans, type H. — B. M. Cat., n" 193. — Vhisto, 1901,
ioc. cit., PI. z, 5.
On a Didrachm of Period V of Evans (B.C. 334-302) we also
meet with the signature KAA.
38. ^. Didrachm. Obv. Phalantosin crested helmet, on canter-
ing horse to 1., and covering himself with a large round shield on
which is a dolphin ; in fieUi to 1. A ; beneath horse, KAA.
^. Taras, of infantine Dionysiac type, astride, &c. to L, holding
distaff in 1, hand and bis r. resting on dolphin's head ; in field to 1.
COI; tor., trident.
Evans, type C, i. — Cfr. B. M. Cat., n" 271.
D^ Evans' judicious remarks and reasons for considering t be signa-
tures KAAi *l. API &c. as those of Engravers may be quoted here
to explain their introduction into the present work : "The private
L. FoniiEi. — fl;oj.af Jjfwi Woi™ of MsdM^m. — 111. 5
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— 114 —
character of ihe moneyei's industry explains how it is that the same
signatures appear on ihe coins of different cities, it being natural
that an ' Ap-^upcv-oxoq who had earned a reputation as a good
engraver, should at times obtain employment even from remote
quarters. But where a system of this kind prevailed and the coinage
of the State, instead of issuing as at Athens from a central mint,
was entrusted to private enterprise, it became the more necessary
that the individual pieces should receive the guarantee of the
moneyer or firm of moneyers, ^\llo had made themselves responsible
for their sterling weight and standard, as well as their artistic
excellence, A coiner, who was also his own die-sinker, signed in
both qualities. It was open to him in some cases, if he was a great
artist, to lay stress on that side of his character and sign upon a
coin as he might upon a gem. But local custom, or the accident of
the type^ he had to deal with, was not alway,s favourable to the
adoption of such a practice. In cities where private moneyers
supplied the public needs, it may well have been required by law
that the signature that authenticated the coin and fixed the respon-
sibility fof^he individual should be made clearly manifest. So at
Velia we find both Phihstion and Kleudoros, although on one side
of the coin they follow the purely artistic tradition, signing conspi-
cuously enough on the other side with the first letters of their
names, and in a style which recalls the contemporary Tarentine
practice. At Tarentum itself, whether owing to special regulations
on the part of the State or to natural causes inherent in the type,
this seems to have been the only form of signature current, if we
except some microscopic signatures of KAA and c|j|.
"It is a form which emphasizes the official responsibility ot the
raoneyer in all his capacities. But it covers his artistic quahfications;
it does not exclude the possibility of his having achieved fame in
other fields as an engraver, and where we find, as in the case of
KAA... of API... or of 4>l,.. a signature associated with excellent
work, we have as much right to place him in the rank of artistic
engravers as if he had hidden his name in some part of the
design.
" No one doubts that the small and concealed signatures of an
earlier period, such as those represented by the great Sicilian works
of the close of the fifth and beginning ot the fourth century, have
a purely artistic value. They belong to a time when, whether owing
to the monetary system then in vogue or to other causes, it was
not thought necessary for moneyers as such to attach their sign
manual. When we find a signature of this kind we have a right to
exclaim, "It is an engravers signature, and therefore an artist's ".
But, as we see from the Tarentine series, a practice grew up during
the fourth century of engravers initialling every single piece. At
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times, as in the rase of the Veli.in coins referred to, they continue
or revive the oider practice of interweaving their name full-length,
or in an abbreviated form, with some part of the design. But even
in such a case as this they usually repeat their signature in its more
official form on the other side of the same coin.
" At times, as at Thurioi, we are able to trace a regular transition
from signatures of the old artistic character to the regulation scamp.
But to seize on this difference of type as a proof that the later
signatures are not those of the engravers of the dies is to mistake the
point at issue. The truth is, that during the later period with which
we are specially concerned, it is not the lack of engravers' signatures
that should cause perplexity, but their abundance. There are some
who, from the noble style of their designs, the gem-like finish of
their work, and the fact that they were employed by different cities,
evidently enjoyed an artistic reputation in their own day although
they may not have signed in the older artistic fashion. There are
others, such as the die-sinker who signs EY at Tarentum, who, by
the evidence of their own work, have no claim to rank as artists.
But to take the last-named example as a crucial test, the very gross-
ness of the features that characterize the coins signed EY proclaims
identity of handiwork. The magistrates' names that occur beneath
the horses on this group of coins continually vary, but the signature
in the field and the style of engraving go hand in hand ; they come
in and they depart together. It is an engraver's signature, but not
an artist's"..
TflURrUM
M.. Vlasto has suggested that this same Engraver KAA or K may
have executed some coin-dies for Thurinm.
39. JR.. Didrachm. Obv. Head of Fallas to r., wearing necklace
and crested Athenian helmet, on the side of which, Skylla, holding
trident; on flap of helmet, K.
i^. OOYPinN. Bull with r. fore-leg raised, and tail erect, butting
to r. ; in ex., dolphin to r.
B. M. Cat,, Italy, p. 295, n" 19. ^ Vlasto, 1901, loc. dl.,
PI. g', n° 20,
The engraver K has placed in the hand of Skylla, instead of the usual
oar or stone a trident which is identical with that seen in the hand of
,/ Google
— ii6 -
Taras on coins of Tareiitum by KAA or K, and on I^. in ex. a dol-
phin instead of the tunny-fish,
40. M.. Didrachni. Obv. Head of Pallas to r., wearing necklace
and crested Athenian helmet, on the side of which, Skylla, with her
hand to her head; K on flap of helmet.
]^. OOYPinN. Bull, with 1-. fore-foot raised, and tail erect,
butting to r. ; in ex., tunny-fish to r. ; on rump of bull K.
B. M. Cat., Italy, p. 292, n° 53. — VlastOj 1901, loc. cil.,
PI.g', n° 21.
Raoul Rochette had noticed the signature K on bull's rump and
suggested its attribution to Kleudoros, whose abbreviated signature
was however alwaj'S KAEYin monogram and never K.(^Fidesuprd).
KALCHER, AWTON (Austr.). Goldsmith and Silversmith of
St. Polten, born on the 12"' June 1800, died on the 12"'' October
1861. He engraved a medal, with bust of Christ on obv. and
allegorical representation on fy.., commetnorating the Educational
Institute founded by Kalcher for the poor of St. Pohen.
Bibliography. — MUtheil. lies Klubs, &c,, 1890, p. 115.
KALDENBACH {Germ?). Signature of a Die-sinker, which is met
with on German military decorations.
HALLAI, DAVID {Anstr.). Coin-dealer and Medal-publisher,
Portrait-medal of D'- AJoll Jellinek.
residing at Vienna. He edited amongst others a Portrait-medal ot
D' Adolf Jellinek, chief Rabbi and Preacher of the Jewish Commu-
nity in Vienna, 1893, also a commemorative medal of Andreas
Hofer, etc.
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KALLEN, PETER PAUL VON (Germ.). Gem-engraver at Rreslau,
circa 1674.
KALTSCHMIDT, JOHANN KONRAD (Gfrm.)- Goldsmith of Augs-
burg, was Mint-master at Heidelberg 1733-1735, and Stuttgart,
1735-
Bibliography. ■ — Milth. der bayerhchen Niimhiimtlschn Geselhclxi/I, lyoo.
KAMM, JEAN DAWIEL (French). Die-sinker of Strassburg, end ot
the eighteenth century, (circ. i768-!79o). His signature EAHH. F.
occurs on a variety of the medal struck in commemoration of the
election of PhiUppe Fr^dSric Dietrich, First Mayor of Str^issburg,
J. February 1790, and also on the following : Mausoleum of the
Marechal de Saxe, in St, Thomas Church, Strassburg; — Portrait-
medal of J. B. Schoepflin, 1771 ; — Exhibition of a Rhinoceros at
Strassburg, 1748, &c.
BiBLiOGEAPHY. — Hennin, Hhtoire immismatiqm de la Revolution, i8aS. —
Rondot & De La Tour, Les M^dailkurs et les Graveurs de Moimaks, Jdoiis et
Me'daiUes en France, Paris, 1904.
KAHMERERorCAMERER, JOEST (Germ.). Goldsmith of Hall, in
Saxony, who sent to tlie Nuremberg Council a Portrait-medal,
gilt and chased, of the Emperor Ferdinand I. , for which he received
the sum of 12 Thalers, on 22. April 1557.
Bibliography. — D< Friedrich Kennet, UrliunJlichc Beitrage \ur GeschichU der
Miinien u. MedailJen, Num. Zeit, 19OJ.
KAMMERER (Germ.) Medal-engraver who worked for Gottfried
Drentwett at Augsburg, area 1850-1869.
KAMMLEIN or KEMLEIN, STEPHAN (Germ.). Mint-master at
Nuremberg, 1532-1547; Jagerndorf, 1557; and Schwabach, 1560.
His distinctive sign was a lion holding a small comb in iorepaw.
KAMPFHAUSEH, ANTON (Germ.). Mint-master at Dusseldorf,
1749-1766. His initials A. K. occur on Ducats struck by him.
KAN ATEN (/bi^/«h)- Gem-ciigraver, under the Moghul Emperor
Shah Jehan (1627-1666). His signature occurs on a beautiful cameo
in the Paris Cabinet, representing Shah jehan cutting in two with
his sword a lion devouring a man lying prostrate under its claws
(sardonyx of three strata).
The subject of this fine gem, observes M. Babelon, is evidently
inspired from the myth of Hercules stranghng the lion.
Bibliography. — Babelon, ifl Gfai'iirs en Pierres fines. Pans, 1894,
KANDLER, JOHANN (Austr.). Mini-master at Plan, under the
Counts ofSchlick, i625-i64i.,He issued Double Thalers, Thalers,
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— ii8 —
Half and Quarter Thalers and Groschen, with the distinctive
symbol, a small can, accompanied by his initials I. C.
Bibliography. — Eduard Fiala, Das Miiti^^wesm der Gfufin Schtkk, Num. Zeit.,
1890.
KAKGSDORF {Germ.). This Die-sinl^er's initial S. occurs on a
member's jewel of the Masonic Lodge " Minerva " ot the three
Palms, Leipzig; dated 1766.
Bibliography. — Marvin, Masonic Medals, 1880.
KAPFER (Germ.). This Die-sinker's signature is found on the i^
of a medal of Maria Theresia, commemorating the Peace of Hiiberc^-
burg, 1763, the obv. of which is by Hedlinger.
Bibliography. — Katalog der Mun^en-und MedaiUen-Siempd-Sainmhmg dei
R. K. Hauptinfiniamles, Wien, 1502.
KAPLAN, FERDINAND (Justr.). Mint-master at Prague, in conjunc-
tion with Wolf Pellety, 1694 (?).
KAPLAN, MICHEL (Russ.). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Odessa; pupil of Falguiere and H. Daiilion. By him are various Por-
trait-meoallions in bronze ; amongst others : M"^ Marie Anne de Bo-
vet; — M-=M. V***, etc.
KAPP, MICHAEL (Germ.). Goldsmith of Mayence, Mint-warden,
there, 1629.
KAPPEYNE, PIETER (Dutch). Mint-master at Middelbarg, 1725-
1752,
KAPPLAN, DAVID (Germ.). Mint-master at Saalfeld, Saxony, 1622.
KAPPLAN, HERMANN (Gefju.). Mint-warden at Sanlfeld, 1595-
1601.
HARIUS, FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Goldsmith and Medallist at Hriurt,
circ. 1S17.
KARL, FRANZ (Jiislr.). Mint-engraver at Vienna, 1823-184;.
KARL, HEINRICH (Amtr.). Medallist at Vienna, first half of the
nineteenth century. His signature occurs on the following medals :
Battle of Leipzig, i8ij; — Prize Medal of the Oswald School at
Mautern, 1803; — Prize Med;il of the English Yomig Ladies'
Boarding School at St. Polten, 1816; — Visit of the Emperor
Francis Joseph L to Nagy-Banya, 1852 ; — X. Congress of Hunga-
rian Physicians at Neusohl, 1S42 (In Boston Coll"), etc.
His usual signature was H. K. F.
Bibliography. — Kabihg der Miin^eii 11. MedaiUm, Sic.
KARLSTEEN, ABFVID (Svjede). (1654-171S)- fide Vol. 1, p. 212.
,/ Google
We read in Bolzenthal, p. 237 : " The Court of Stockholm
employed an artist, Arvid Karlsten, who in his time received
excessive distinction. Born at Karlskoga in Vermland, 1647, he had
in his early youth made himself so well acquainted with the Art
that he was enabled to pursue his studies in foreign countries; in
Paris under Varin, and in London under John Roettier. After he
had finished thein, he obtained celebrity in Berlin and Dresden,
but he however left Germany for love of his native country. He
was much esteemed and was soon after raised to the nobility
(1692); this he truly deserved as he was so much above liis contem-
poraries. He highly respected his teacher Varin, although his style
approaches in a singular manner to that of John Roettier. As to
the excellence of his works, it appears to us that he was not equal
to his countryman Raymund Faltz; but like him he excelled in
engraving portraits, wherein both were wonderfully successful.
lasAfSKftM
Portrait- medal of Afvid Karlsteen, by Hedlinger
Karlsten undertook a series of medals of the kings of Sweden,
beginning with Gustavus Wasa and ending with Charles XII. They
are about 2 inches in size. His remaining works relate to kings of
Sweden, under whom he lived, to Louis XIV. of France, to the
Elector Frederick III. of Brandenburg, to Ernest Augustus of
Hanover, and to many private persons, &c. This artist was 64 years
old when he died (1718). "
Karlsteen's usual signature is cy6'^€ or tlL. It occurs also on
copper-plate engravings and tniniature paintings. His medal series of
Swedish Kings from Gustavus I. to Charles II. is well known.
This celebrated artist is the author of the following medals :
Gustavus I., War and Peace medals (4 var.); — Commemoration of
theReformaiion;— The King 'sson, hereditary Prince; — EricXIV.,
Naval Victory overthe Danes; — TheKing'sMotto; — Astrological
Studies; — Abdication, 1568; — John III., The two brothers Johnand
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Charles ; — Coronation ; — Sigismund of Poland, King of Sweden
(2 var.); — Charles IX., Commemoration of the Confession of
Augsburg; — The Constitution (2 var.); — Portrait-medal, dated
1606 ; — GusTAV Adolphus II., Peace with Denmark; — Marriage
with Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg; —Battle of Liitzen; Accession
of Queen Christina, Portrait-medal; — Christina, Accession; —
Matri Castrorum ; — Naval Victory over the Danes, 1644 ; — Peace
of Westphalia (2 var.); — Coronation 20. October 1650 (one
variety illustrated'); — The Queen at Upsala, 1654 (sev. var.) ; —
Jonas Hambraeus;— Portrait-medal, NEC. FALSO, NEC. ALIENO;
Another, NE.MI.BISOGNA.NE.MI.BASTA ; — Another, SVF-
FlCrr ; — Charles X. Gustavus, Marriage with Hedvie Eleonora
of Holstein-Gottorp at Stockholm, 24. October 1654; — The King's
Journey to Zeeland with the Crown Prince, 1658(5 var.); — Peace
with Denmark, 26. February 1658 (3 var.); — Death at Goteborg,
13. February 1660; — Portrait-medal; — Charles Gustavus, Hedvig
Eleonora and Charles XI. (2 var.) ; — Hedvig Eleonora, as Queen
Regent; — Peace of Ohva; ■ — Peace of Kardis; — 74''' Birthday; —
Portrait-medal; — The Queen and her son Charles XI; —
Charles XI., The King receives the Order of the Garter, 1669; —
Beginning of reign, 18. December 1672 (3 var.), ^. LVSTRATIS
FINIBVS (sev. var.); — Coronation at Upsala, 28. September 1675
(8 var.); — Victory over the Danes at Lund, 4. December 1676
(7 var.) ; — Victories over the Danes at Halmstad, Lund and Land.s-
krona (2 var.) ; — Peace with Denmark and Betrothal of the King
with Princess Ulrica Eleonora, 1679 (3 var.) ; — Sweden's Prospe-
rity under King Charles XI. (6 var.); — Marriage of the King with
Princess Ulrica Eleonora, 6 May, 1680; — Birth ofPrince Charles,
17. June 1682; — Opening of the Riksdag, 7. October 1682(2 var.);
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— Birth of Prince Gustavns, 1683 ; — The King's Visit to the Sil-
ver mines at Sahlberg, 1687 (3 var.); — Sweden's Prosperity and
Independence, 16S7 (6 var.); ^~ The Royal Castle at Stockholm,
1692; — Jubilee Festivities at Upsala, 1693 (3 var.); — The
King's Visit ro Vesterbotten to see the midnight sun, 1 694 (2 var.) ;
— Death of the King at Stockholm, 5. April 1697, and funeral,
24. November (5 var.) ; ^ Portrait-medal of Charles XL ; — Por-
trait-medal of the King and Queen (5 var.); — Ulrica Eleomora,
her Arrival in Sweden, 1680 (3 var.) ; — Coronation at Stockholm
35. November 1680; — The Queen's good qualities and virtue
(6 var.) ; — Death at Carlberg Castle, 26, July 1693, and Burial,
28. November (7 var.); — Charles XII., His Childhood, 16S8
(2 var.) ; ™ Peace of Ryswik, 1697 (2 var.); — Coronation,
14. December 1697 (8 var.); — Gaming counter; — Peace with
Denmark, 18. August 1700 ; — Victory over the Russians at Narva,
1700 (4 var.); — The King's campaign against Frederick IV. of
Denmark, Augustus I. of Poland and tne Czar Peter I, of Russia ;
The King's army near Riga, 9. July 1701 ; — Victory over the
Saxons and Poles at Klissow, 1703 ; — Victory overthe Saxons and
Lithuanians at Pultousk, 1703; — Thorn opens its gates to the
Swedish army; — The Swedish army under the command of Count
Adam Lud wig Lewenhaupt, 1705 ; — The Swedish army under the
command of Count Carl Gustaf Ilehnskold defeats the Saxons and
Poles at Fraustadt, 3. February 1706; — Peace of Alt-Ranstadt,
14. September 1706; ■ — The King restores the Reformed Church
in Silesia, 1707-8; — The blooming Aloe; — Sweden's glorious
successes, &c.
To Karlsteen belong also the following medals : Prince Elector
Anselm Franz Baron von Ingelheim, Archbishop of Mayence; —
Delimitation of the frontier between Brandenburg and Brunswick,
with bust of George William, Duke of Brunswick and Luneburg,
1699 ; — El. Brenner, Swedish numismatist and miniature-painter;
— Marriage of Prince Elector Ernest Augustus of Brunswick with
Sophia, Princess Palatine, 1658; — Prize Medal of Brunswick,
with bust of Duke Ernest Augustus, 1691. ^. EN. LABOR. EN
PRiEMIVM; — Medal on the Death of Duke Ernest Augustus,
1698; — Marriage of Sophie Charlotte, daughter of Duke Ernest
Augustus, with Frederick L of Prussia, 1691 (3 var,); — Medal on
the Death of Prince Charles Philip of Brunswick-Liineburg in the
War against the Turks, 1690; — Urban Hiaerne, 1682; —
D' Christian Constantin Rumpf, Stockholm, 1681 ; — D' Matthias
Riben, of Stockholm, 1712 ; -— D' Urban Hjierne, 1702 ; — Heve-
lius, the astronomer ; — John Calvin ; — Martin Luther (sev. var.) ;
— Peace of Travendal between Sweden and Denmark, 1700,
&c.
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In 1687, the artist was paid 759 livres by the Paris Medal "Mint
for dies supplied from Stockholm (3 obvs. and 3 ^s. of medals).
Amnion states that Karlsteen was first apprenticed at the Stockolm
mint, and that some of his first productions were coin-dies for the
mint of Alvesta. According to the same authority, he learned
engraving in steel from a Knight at the Danish Court, H. Von
Falkenstein,
Bibliography. — ■ Bolzenthal, op. cil. — Lohner, Samnshmg merhimirdigei'
MedailUn, — Menadier, Sclauiniiii^fra des Hauses Hohat^olUrn, 1901. — Franks &
Gnieber, Midullic Illustrations, &c. — Various Sale Catalogues. —J. J. Guiffrey,
La MonnaU des MMailUs, Revue numismatique, 1887. — Ammoa, Sammlung
berUhmter Medailleurs, 1778. — Kfihler, MUHjielusligtmgen. — Nttniophyl. Burckh.
■ — Flad, Beruhmte MedaUleurs.
KARPOS. Fictitious signature on a Poniatowski gem, representing
Jason and Medea at the altar of Diana or Hecate, exchanging vows
of mutual fidelity.
KARRESS, M. (Austr.). Die-sinker 01 Agram, who in 1869
executed a medal on the Visit to Croatia of the Emperor Francis
Joseph and his consort.
KABSTEN (Gef)«.)- Mint-direcror at Breslau, 1817.
KASCHAUER, ANDREAS (Germ.). Mint-warden at Nuremberg,
1509.
KASCHNITZ, FRANZ DE PAULA VON (Genu.). Mint-master at
Giinzburg, 1762.
KASCHNITZ, JOSEPH VON (Gervi.). Mint-master at Nuremberg,
1745-
KASELER, G. {Germ.). This Die-sinker's signature occurs on the
Brunswick War Medal for Waterloo and Q.uatrc-Bras, 1815. Vide
HASELER.
KASI NATH (Imlian). A native Coin-engraver, employed at the
Calcutta Mint, during the reign of Wilham IV. He an the dies for
Double Mohurs, Mohurs, and Rupees of 1835, which bear the
letters R. S. on truncation of the King's head. These initials stand
for Robert Saunders, Mint-master.
KASTENBRUN, HANS (Germ.). Seal- and Coin-engraver at
Nuremberg. He worked in 1615 and 1616 for the Counts of Hohen-
lohe, in conjunction with the Mint-master Heinrich Miiller.
KASTENPEIN, FRANZ (Genu.). Coin-engraver at the Nuremberg
Mint, 1586-1604.
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KASTENPEIN, HAKS. Coin-engraver ac the Nuremberg Mint,
1604-1629.
KATREI (Jusir.). Wife of two Mint-masters (successively) of
Vienna, of tlie name ot Hans. In 1393, she was already marriea to
her second husband, Hans der Schrolmaistsr von Neuenburg. Her
name appears on various Vienna Mint documents.
KAUERHASE, MATHIAS (Germ.). Coin-engraver at the Breslau
Mint, circa 1572-1627. He cut dies for the coinage of Ducats of the
Silesian mining town of Reiclistein, struck in the name of Wilhelm
von Rosenberg, 15S2. By this Engraver are also the following
medals 1 The Engelhart family (2 var.), 1623 ; — Charles II. von
Oels, i6is; — Raitpfennig of G. Rosier, 1607/9; ~" ^^^i' ^''^^
Sonn, Mint-master at Oels, Raitpfennig, 1612/14; — Religious
Medals, EGO SVM VIA VERITAS. Bust of Christ; SALVATOR
MVNDI, dated 1624; — Jetons of 1584, 1585 ; — Death Thaler
of Charles II. of Munsterbcrg, 1617, &;c.
His signature occurs as MK; and MAT.KAVERHASN.
BiBLioGRAiHV. — Friedensburg, Sludie.it ^ur schlesiicheit Medailkiikwide, Schle-
sif^ns Vorzeit, etc. VII/6i.
KAUFMANN, JOHANH JACOB (Swiss). Contemporary MedalHst,
born and residing at Lucerne, pupil of H, Bovy. He stands in the
front rank of Swiss medaUists, and at the Paris Universal Exhi-
bition, 1900, hisexhibits, viz, 3 medals : Jos. Casp. Schwendimann,
1741-17S6 ; — Angehca Kaufmann, 1741-1807 ; — and D' Arnold
Ott, attracted attention, and have been reproduced in M. Roger
Marx's work : Les MMailleurs contemporains en France et h I'Etranger.
By him are also : 1893. Portrait-medallion in bronze (exhibited
at the Paris Saion) ; — Lucerne Cantonal Rifle Meeting, 1.894 > —
Inauguration of WiUiam Tell's Monument at Altdorf, 1895; —
Jean Balmer (executed in imitation of an atitique medallion);
— Saffron Corporation at Lucerne, 1896; — Portrait- medal of
Bocklin, the fomous Painter of Basle ; — 21='^ General Meeting of
the Swiss Numismatic Society at Martiguy (Valais), 1900; —
Cantonal Rifle Meeting of Unterwald-Nidwald at HergLswil, 1900;
— Portrait-medallion ot Riggenbach of Vitznau, Swiss engineer;
— Inauguration of the Pestalozzi Monument at Zurich, 1899; —
Fritschi Ball, 1900 ; — Pilgrim's Badge of Our Lidy of Einsiedeln;
— Cantonal Rifle Meeting of Unterwatd-Nidv/ald at HergiswU,
1901 ; — Portrait-Jeton of Leodegar Corraggioni d'OreUi, published
by the Swiss Numismatic Society, to commemorate the General
Meeting at Fribourg, in 1904, etc.
15iBLioGRAi>HY. — Revue suisit de mtmisinaiiqiie, 1892-1900. — ]. H, Dompitrrc
de Cliaufepiii, op. clt.
atdb, Google
KAUFMANN, EVGO (Germ.). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
residing at Munich, One of his finest medallic productions is tlie
official medal issued by tlie city of Frankfort-on-M. to commemo-
Goeihe Medal, by Hugo Kaufmano.
rate the 1 50"*' Anniversary of Goetiie (illustrated) ; — another cele-
brates the Centenary of the " Elisabeth en -und Musterschule " ; —
>sted by Google
and a Plaquelte, struck in 1903, on the 2'^'^' Anniversary oiD'Hoch's
Conservatorinm bears the heads of Joachim Raif and Prof. Bernhard
Scholz, His Portrait-medal of Arnold Bocklin, 1897, eJ^liibits fine
work ; and also ; The Prince Louis Medal of the Munich Geograph-
ical Society, 1903 ; — Public [nstruction Medal (illustrated) ; —
Medal for Numismatists, etc.
Public Instruct!
Both at the Vienna and Frankfort-on-M. Exhibitions of Modern
medals, which were held within recent years, the eminent Munich
Sculptor, the creator of the Frankfort " Einheitsdeiikmal ", showed
frames of m-edals and plaqnettes.
BlflLiOGBAPHY. — Moderne Medaille, p. 5.
atdb, Google
KAUFFMANN, HAMS (Ger
— 126 —
,.). Minl-w,-
den at Nuremberg, 1400.
KADPERT, G. (Germ.). Designer of some medals issued at
Fraiikfort-oii-M. on the Tliird Centenary of the Uutch Protestant
Settlement at Frankfon-oii-M., 1885, and others.
KAUTSCH, HEINRICH (Austr.). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Prague in 1859, now residing at Paris. His father
was a Goldsmith, under whose tuition he gained the first notions of
art. He continued his studies lk the citr school.s of Prague, under
Fran/ voH Lcubiich, 191)4 (pbv,).
Professors Popp, Mentzel and Schulz, and already won prizes in
1876 and 1878; afterwards he became a pupi! of the Industrial Arts'
School at Vienna under Professors Schwart? and Konig. On his
leaving Vienna, the young artist visited the chief art centres of
Italy, France and Germany, and made a stay of some duration in
each of these countries. Returning to Prague in 18S2 he accepted
a professorship at the Imperial School of Decorative Arts there;
in rS88, he was called to Budweis (Bohemia) to reorganise the
Museum of Decorative Arts, and while there he wrote his work.
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— 127 —
" GoldschmieJe-Arbeiten des XV. bis XIX. Jahrhundi^rts " and
founded a school for drawing and sculpture. In 1889, he settled at
Paris. At the Salon of 1897 he was rewarded for abustoi the Emperor
Francis Joseph I. which he exhibited. In 1893, he was a member of
the Jury of^ Fine Arts at the Chicago World's Fair, and ofEciat
Reporter for Austria on the Fine Arts and Decorative Arts. At the
Universal Exhibition of Paris, 1900, he was Vice-President of the
Jury (Classe 97), and a member of the Bosnia-Herzegovina Com-
mission. In 1895, he executed another marble bust of the Emperor
Francis Joseph, which now adorns the Austrian Embrassy. He has
been on several Universal Exhibition juries, and he it was who so
successfully organised the French section at the Diisseldorf Exhi-
bition of Fine Arts, in 1904.
The artist is a Knight of the Legion of Honour, also of the Order
of Francis Joseph, and holds numerous other foreign decorations.
Many of his medals are exhibited at the Luxembourg Museum in
Paris.
By Heinrich Kautsch are the following medalli'c works : 1896,
L6on Hennique,plaquette, 50 mill.; — 1897, D'' Raoul Lacronicjue,
./Google
plaquette, 90 mill.; ^ Valentine Lacroniqiie, piaquette, 90 mill.,
and 45 X 65 mill.; — 1898, Joan of Arc, jubilee at Orleans,
piaquette, 90 mill. ; — Paul Leroy, President of the Law Courts
at Orleans, piaquette, 90 mill. ; — Charles Franquet, piaquette,
90 mill.; — 1899, Hmperor Francis Joseph I., medal and pla-
Louis Climent Dupressoir, by H. Kautscli.
quette, 90 mill.; — Laura, Prize-Regatta in Brittany, 60 mill,
— Louis Dupressoir, Advocate, Portrait-medal, 90 mi!l.(j7/M^/w(^ii).
— Admiral Count de Jonquieres, Portrait- medal, 70 mill,, and
plaauette, 90 mill.; — Am^lie Radis von Radiis, painter, Portrait-
meaal, 90 mill. ; — Marie Hellmann, prima donna, Piaquette, 70
Ch.iiles Fieund Deschamps, by H. Kautsch.
mill. ; — H. M. Francis Joseph L, Emperor of Austria, Portrait-
medal, 70 mil!., and piaquette, 50 X 70 milt. ; — Charles Freund-
Deschamps, Portrait-medal, 90 mill, (illustrated) ; ■— 1900, Bosnia-
Herzegovina at the Paris Universal Exhibition, piaquette, 90 mill. ;
— Moser von Charlottenfels, of Schafthausen, 25"" Anniversary of
the foundation of the Rhine works; — Souvenir Plaques of the
./Google
— 129 --
Foreign commissions at the Paris Universal Esiiibition, 1900
(Austria, Low-Countries, Spain, etc.), 78 X 88 mill. ; — Richard
Wagner, pkquette, 50X90 mill.; — La Philat^ie, Prize-medal
for the International PhilateHc Exhibition, two sizes, 70 and 37
mill. ; — Madonna and Child, two sizes, 60 mill, and 20 mill. ; —
H. E. D' B. Esterle and Consort, President of the Tyrolian Law
Courts, plaquette, 47 X 62 mill. ; — H. E. Count A. Wolkenstein-
Trostburg, Portrait-plaquette, 68 X 90 mill.; — Prince Roland
Bonaparte, piat^uette 75 X 90 milt.; — Marie de Benardaky,
Portrait-medal, 90 mill. ; — The Austrian Building at the Paris
Alpine Climber.
Universal Exhibition, 1900, 80 mill. ; — Th. Favarger and consort,
silver wedding, plaquette, 90 mill.; — 1901, Silver wedding of
M. & M'"^ Freund Deschamps, 90 mill.; — Alex. Friedrich,
Landgrave of Hesse, seated at the piano, composing, plaquette,
90 mill. ; — Gh6ry Kastrioti a Skanderbegn, Albanian Chief,
1404-1467, Portrait-medai, 130 mill.; — Dutch Souvenir Pla-
quette of the Paris Universal Exhibition, 1900, 55 X 88 mill., etc.
Besides the above, I have also seen by Kauisch the following
medals and plaquettes ; P. Viardot; — Laura; — Valentine; —
Heine, medal and plaquette ; — Alpine Chmber (illusirated) ; —
Golden wedding of M. & M""^ Kulp, 19. September, 1902 ; —
~ Bk^taphii^l Wol.™ 0/ Mtda
./Google
— IJO —
Golden wcJding of M. & M™= Pawle; — Baron Oppel, on his
Jubilee, pkquette ; — D' Chyzer; — Medal for Merit, two sizes;
— Mucha, painter, portrait-medal; — The Motor Car; — Franz
von Lenbach, painter, -f 1904; — Margo von Lenbach, 1904; —
Female Study, Plaquette, &c.
Although Kautscn has in style many points in common with
the French medallists, Austrian influence is strongly marked in
most of his works. "To a profound knowledge of his art he adds
a very special intelligence as to decoration and an entirely fresh
sense of allegory".
BiDLioGRAPHY. — Informalimi Mndly furnished by the ArtuI, — Roger Marx,
MMailUttrs contemporalm m France H A I'Elranger. — Mmkriie MedaiUe. — A.
von Loehr, Wiener Meilailkure, 1902. — Tlie Studio, XXXII, p, 254.
KAWACYH3KI, PROF. MAX VON (Germ.). Sculptor and Court
Medallist to the Duke of Saxe-Weimar, residing :it Berlin, and
author of a number of fine medals: 5''' Centenary of the Bonin
family, 1901 ; — Portrait-medal of D' Beringuier ; — 6'* Centenary
of the Zitzewitz family; — Jubilee of Leo XIII., 1900 (signed
KAWACZIKSKI), &c.
KAWKA VON TOLLENSTEIN, DANIEL (Bohem.). Mint-master at
Kutteiiberg, 1636-1637-1643. Privy mark : hand holding bundle
of arrows.
K. B. Vide KARL BECKER. Die-sinker in Hungary, 1780. Ako ^p
KECK (Germ.). Die-sinker at Berlin. He cm several medals to
commemorate the Music Exhibition held at Berlin in 1898.
KECKH, PETER VON SCHWARZPACH (Justr.). Mint-warden at
Prague, 1586-1591, and again in 1604.
Bibliography. — ■ C. Oesterreicher, Regestm ^n J. NewaM's PiihUcationen hhr
uesten-eichisclie Miinj^pragtingen, Mitt, des Klubs, 1890, p. 60.
KEDER, N. (Szwde). Designer of various medals, engraved by
C. G. Hartman, struck in 1701 : Gustavus I. Ri.. NVNC.FOR-
TVNATA.RESVRGES; — John III. &. PROVIDENTE.DEO.
IMPROVISA.OBTIGIT; -- Sigismund I., 1^. ALTERO. TEC-
TVS, PRIMARIO.NVDATVR; — Charles IX., I^. FERRO.
LEGES. TVTAE; — Gustavus IL Adolphus, IJi.. PAR.ANIMO.
VIRTVS; — Medical Medal, obv. IN ORICHALCO CVRA. ^.
D' M. Riben, Stockholm.
These medals were probably issued on the initiative and from
the designs of N. Keder, who held the position of Judge to the
Swedish Court.
BiBLlOGRAPHV. — HilJebr.ind, Sveriges och Svmshi Konuiigahmels Miiiiiespennin-
fur, Slockholtn, r874.
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— ni —
KEES, ANDREAS (Genn.). Mint-warden at Langenargeii, 1678.
KEGEL or KERGEL, JOHANN {Germ.). Mint-master at Ntiremberg,
t 1464-
KEGEL (Germ.). Mint-official at Bernstadt, 1684,
KEIBEL, JOSEPH IGNAZ (Auslr.). Mint- master at Vienna, 1721,
1725, for the Counts of Schwarzenberg. Under ium were issued
Ducats, Thalers &c., engraved by Philipp Christoph Becker, ol
Adam Franz, Furst von Schwarzenberg,
BiBLiOGRAiHY. — Fiala, Besdireihing der Sammhnig Bobmischer Muii\m uml
Medailten des Max Donelamr, Prag, 1888.
K... £■ (Greek). In his list of Engravers' signatures, Mr. G. F. Hill
gives the inscription K- £■> which he has observed on a Rhcgian
Tetradrachm of D' Arthur Evans' collection, a coin which was
exhibited at the Burlington Fim Arts Club (1903) and is describ-
ed in the Catalogue of the Exhibition of Ancient Greek Art, p. 132,
n* 102.
RHEGIUM
(Circa B.C. 466-415)
A. Tetradrachm, Obv. Lion's scalp facing : border of dots.
^. RECIINOS- Male figure (of the Demos), bearded, naked
down to the waist, .seated to 1. ; his r. hand rests on staff and his 1.
on hip : within olive-wreath, signature, K.., £.
KEIJSER, HENDRIK VAN (Dutch). Sculptor and Medallist of
Utrecht; died in 1621. "As a work of his", observes Bolzenthal,
"may pass a medal which has the name of the artist : H. D, KEYSER F. ;
it has on the obv. the hkeness of the antiquary Abraham van
Goorle, and on ^L. allegorical figures with the inscription :
HONOS ET VIRTVS; it is dated 1599, and belongs to the most
flourishing time of this artist, who died at Amsterdam in 1621
aged 56. "
H. de Keyser, who was also an Architect, is the author of the
Dolft mausoleum, erected to the memory of William the Silent,
Prince of Orange.
Bibliography. — Bolzenilial, op. dl. — A. Pinchart, B'u^raph'm des Griweurs
Mges, Revue de Numismatique beige, 1857.
KEIKES (Dutch). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver of Leeuwarden,
nineteenth century.
KEISERSWERTH, PETER (Auili.). Coin-engraver at the Vienna
Mint, 1765-1793 ; pupil of M. Donner.
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- 132 —
By him ^ro rhe following med:ils, wliicli are niostl]- siuned either
in full or P. K. and also K : EliKabeclun Convene at Linz, 174S
(^); — BnildUigoftlieTheresianum, 1746 (Ri..) ; -■ Establish-
ment of Frontier Forces in Transsylvania, 1765, ^L. SECVRI-
TAS DACIAE (obv. only); — Coronation of the Archduke
Joseph, 3. April 1764, at Frankfort-on-M. ; — Preservation of the
Francis-Galleries a: Schemniiz, 1765 ; — Recovery of the Empress
from smallpox, 1767 ; — Death of the Archduchess Maria Josepha,
1767; — Recovery of the Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian and
Archduchess Theresia from smallpox, 1768 (unsigned); — Visit
of the Emperor Joseph II. and the Grand Duke Leopold of Tuscany
to Rome, 1769; — Foundation of rhe "Lazzeretto Sporco" at the
new harbour of Trieste, 1769 (unsigned); — Marriage of the Arch-
duke Ferdinand with Maria Beatrix of Modena at Milan, 1771, &c.
Bibliography. — Domanig, op. cil. — Katnlog der K.K. Mim^m-uml MedaiUm-
SUmpd Sammluvg , &c.
KELDERE, JEAN VAN DER (Belg.). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver at
Brussels, 1480.
KELLEM, DAVID VAN DER {Ihiicb). Medallist, born at Vel;ien,
22. September 1764; died at Utrecht, 16. December 1825.
Apprenticed first to a goldsmith he learned the art of die-sinking at
Amsterdam, where he made the acquaintance of J. G. Fioltzhey.
He executed a number of medals of William I., King of Holland,
and events of his reign, and is also the author of Portrait-pieces of
General Chass^; — J. C. J. van Speyk; — Gysbert Karel, Count
of Hogendorp, 1813 ; — Medal on the Jubilee of the Renswoude
Institute, 1 806 ;^Prize Medal ofthe Dutch Oeconomical Society, etc.
The Engraver worked at the Utrecht Mint, first under the direc-
tion of Holtzhey, 1806 and 1813-1825. He engraved in 1806 a
Pattern Ducat of Louis Napoleon, and cut coin-dies of King
William I., for the chief-engraver Michaut ; also a medal on the
Visit of William I. to the Utrecht Mint, 1814. In 1S19 he was
appointed Chief-engraver.
Bibliography. — Immerzeel, op, cit.
KELLEN, DAVIDVAN DER (Dutch). Son of the preceding; born at
Amsterdam on tlie 23'^'' of September 1804, died on the 30"' of
March 1879; Medallist and Mint-engraver at Utrecht. His first
teacher was his father, David van der Kellen S'', who filled at the
Mint of Utrecht, under Louis Napoleon, for a short time, and again
from iSi? to 1825, the post ot Coin-engraver. He then studied at the
Technical Schools of Utrecht and under H. van Oort and B. van
Siraten. On his father's death, in 1825, he was called to succeed
him at the Utrecht Mint, and remained in office until 1874, when
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— 133 —
he resigned for reasons of health ; he had been since 1854 Chief-
engraver of the Dutch coins. Numerous distinctions and decora-
tions have been conferred upon him during bis long artistic career.
David van der Kellen Junior's activity was prodisious. The coin-
dies he cut are very numerous, and he executed besides a large
number of medals.
Most of the silver currency of William II. was engraved by him,
some of the 2 | gulden pieces are signed : VAN DER KELLEN F.,
others, VDK, but the Rijksdaalder struck in 1839 with the bust of
William I. was the work of I. P. Schouberg, who was also entrusted
with the preparing of the dies of the gold coinage of William 11.
Under William III., I. P. Schouberg cut the silver coins, and David
van der Kelten, the gold. The latter executed also the Dutch East
Indian coins, in silver and copper, struck in compliance with the
order of 1852 ; those of 1834 having been CJt by P. W. van der
Goor.
~ Gulden, by David van der Kellen.
The following list of David van der Kellen's works is given by
L. W. A. Besier, in the Tijdschrift van bet Nederlandsch Genootschap
voor Muni-en Penningkundc, 1895, p. 9. 1824. New Year's Medal;
— Bronze Wedding of K. H. A. van Heeckeren van Brandsenburg
and A. M. Straalmau in 1822; — Prize Medal of the North and
South Holland Life-Saving Society ; — ■ Silver Wedding of F. j, van
Heeckeren van Brandsenburg and C. A. Voorduin (the same die
was used in 1865 for the Silver Wedding Medal of J. S, Wor and
Z. A. Cats); — 1825. 250"' Anniversary of Leyden University;
— 1826. Inauguration of the new Lutheran church at Amsterdam ;
— 1827. Introduction of New Hymns by the Lutheran communi-
ties in the Netherlands ; — 1830. War Medal granted for services
in the Javanese Wars ; — Third Centenary of the Augsburg Con-
fession ; — Marriage of Princess Marianne of the Netherlands with
Prince Albert of Prussia; — Bombardment of Antwerp (cut in
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- 134 —
iSja);-' Medal of Utrecht Stucicnts (Senaatspentiiiig); — 1831.
General Armaments, 1830-1831; — Bronze Crass with the
inscription VRIJWILLIG on !^. ; — Homage of the Leyden Young
Ladies to Leyden Students; — Medal of the Rectors of Utrecht
University for snccesstul Utrecht Students; ■ — Medal of the Gron-
ingen University ; — Heroism of Van Speyle (3 var.) ; — Death of
W. Bilderdijk ; — 1832. 200"' Anniversary of the Athenaeum of
Amsterdam; — Heroic Defence of Antwerp Citadel; — Reward
to tSie Defenders of Antwerp Citadel; — 1834. Death of G. K.,
Count of Hogendorp; ~ 50'* Anniversary of the Society " Tot Nut
van't Algemeen " ; — 2'"' Centenary of the Seminary of Remons-
trants at Amsterdam; — 1835. 50"' Anniversary of the Society for
the Defence of Evangehcal Worship at The Hague (obv. by
L G. Holtzhey) ; — Recovery from illness of the Prince of Orange;
— Jubilee of the Amsterdam Baptist Seminary; — Prize Medal of
the Dutch Society for the Promotion of Industry, Haarlem (obv.
by J. G. Holtzhey);- — 1836. Second Jubilee of Utrecht University
(2 var.); — Prof. Kemper ot Utrecht; — i837. Second Jubilee of
the Dutch Bible Society; — Death of the Queen of the Nether-
lands; - — 1838. Second Centenary of Amsterdam Theatre; —
L C. Hanelman, a centenarian; — Souvenir of the Disaster of
Woerden; — 25''' Anniversary of King William I.'s reign ; — 1839.
Marriage of the Prince of Orange with Princess Sophie of Wurtem-
berg; — Prize Medal of the Art-school of Utrecht (2 var. ; one
small, issued in 1849) ; — Prize Medal of the Society of Arts and
Crafts of North Brabant; — Prize Medal of the Society "Pro
Bono Publico"; — 1840. Medal of the 265''' Anniversary of Ley-
den University; — 50''' Anniversary of the Institute for Deaf and
Dumb at Groningen ; — Birth of the Prince of Orange; — Death
of I. H. van der Palm ; — William II. taking oath of fidelity to the
Constitution ; — 1841. William II.'s Visit to Utrecht and the Mint;
— Trial of the Uhlhorn coining-press at Utrecht; — Inauguration
of a monument to Admiral de Ruyter at VUssingen; — Prize
Medal of the Dutch Humane Society; — William II. as Patron of
the Royal Dutch Yachtclub; — 1842. Marriage of Princess Sophie of
the Netherlands ■with the grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar -Eisenach ; —
Medal on the Circumcision by the Rabbi L. J.deBecr; — 1843. Inau-
guration of Delft Academy; — Golden Wedding of J. S. Wurfbain
and A. M. G. Hnrrelbrink; — Small Prize Medal for Rescuing ironi
Shipwreck ; — Prize Medal of the Hoeufft Legacy; — Large and
small Agricultural Medals of Utrecht; — 1844. Jeronimo de Vries;
— - 1845. Decoration for faithful services in seamanship; — Opening
of the New Exchange Buildings at Amsterdam ; — 270''' Anniversary
of Leyden University; — 1846. Large and small Agricultural Prize
Medals of Guelders ; — 1847. Foundation of the Royal Sailing and
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— 135 ~
Rowing Club; — Medal commemorating the better instruction
given in the City Poor Schools at Amsterdam; — 1849. Deaih of
King William II. ; — Accession oE William III. (various medals) ;
Prize Medals for Life Saving, Arts and Crafts, Navigation and Ship-
building Academical successes; — Royal Horticultural Society
Prize Medal; — 1850, P. Huidekoper, Burgomaster of Amsterdam;
— 275''' Anniversary of Leyden University; — New Academic
Buildings at Grotiingen ; — 185 1 . Prize Medal of the Royal Dutch
Society of Archers; — Prize Medal for Archery; — 50"' Anniver-
sary of the Society of Natural History ; — ^ C. G. C. Rcinwardt,
Professor at Leyden University; — 1852. Jubilee of the Dutch
Society of Sciences of Haarlem; — - 75"' General meeting of Dutch
Societies for the promotion of Industry; — 1853, J. D. C.C. B"
d'Ablaing van Giessenburg, 1830-1834 ; Colonel of the Garde
mobile; — Visit to Utrecht of William III.; ^ Visit of the King
to the Royal Mint; — Prize Medal of the Exhibition of building
material of the Amsterdam Society of Publiclndustry ; — 1854.
Medal in honour of the author of the Medal Catalogue of the
J. J. Becker Collection; — 1855. Prize Medal for Services during
Inundations (several varieties); — Royal Life Saving Medal; —
280''' Anniversary of Leyden University; — P. de Raadt; — 1856.
Jubilee of D' F. J. van Maanen and M,M. van der Meersch ; —
Jubilee of the Renswoude Foundation; — 50"' Anniversary of
V. W. ; — Prince Frederick, Grand Master of the Masonic Order
in Holland, Jubilee of the Lodge "GrootOosten ". — 185S. Coming
of age of the Prince of Orange ; — B. F. Suerman, Professor at
Utrecht University, Jubilee; — i860. Prize Medal of the Academy
of Arts and Sciences of Amsterdam ; — Prize Medal of the Royal
Agricultural Society ; - 1861. Medal of honour forservices relating
to Public Vaccination ; — ■ 4"' Centenary of the Utrecht Lunatic Asy-
lum ; — Large and small Prize Medals of the National Exhibition at
Haarlem (sev. varieties) ; — Prize Medal of the Agricultural Exhib-
ition at Amsterdam; — Bread Ticket of the Protestant Charitable
Society ; — 1862. Visit to the Royal Mint of the Japanese Mission ;
— J. A. Baron van der Heim van Duyvendyke ; — Pri^e Medal of
the Society of Arts of Dordrecht; — 1863. J. M. Schrant; —
G. A. G. van Maanen, Public Prosecutor; — N. J. Godron ; —
1864. N. P. J. Kien, Burgomasterof Utrecht; — 250''' Anniversary
of Groningen University; — 1S65. F. A. van Rappard; —
100''' Anniversary of the Firm Wessanen and Laan; — R. P. F.
Gouggriip, Professor; — 290''' Anniversary of Leyden University ;
— D' G. J. Mulder, Profes,sor; — Prize Medal of the Society of
Rhetoricians "van der Palm"; — Prize Medal of Amsterdam Pro-
fessors; — Exhibitions at Batavia, 1865 (and 1875), 1877, 1885
(with different ^. legends); — 1866. Reward for services during
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- 136 -
the Cholera epidemic at Groningen ; — 1867. Jacob Baart de la
Faille (obv. only); — 1868. Visit of J. S. Stas to the Mint at
Utrecht; — Prize xMedal of the Dutch Rifle Club, Meeting at
's Gravenhage; — 1869. Wilhelm Borski; — Rifle Meeting at
Utrecht; — 50''' Anniversary of the " Meester Graden"; — Exhibi-
tion at Campen; — Rifle Meeting at Utrecht; — Contest between
Rifle Manufacturers; — 1870. 29}''' Anniversary of Leyden Uni-
versity ; — Silver Wedding oi P. Smid van Gelder and H. Koster ;
— Hubert Goltzius; — Award for services to the Dutch East
Indian government; — M. van Geuns; — 1871. R. van Rees,
Professor at Utrecht; — 1872. Inauguration of the statue of
H. Boerhaave at Leyden (in conjunction with J. P. van der Kel-
len); — 1873. Prize Medal of the 35"' Dutch Agricultural Congress
at Groningen;- — 1874. Centenary of the Art School of Dordrecht;
— H. van Beck, Bishop ot Breda; — 4"' Centenary of Utrecht
Gymnasium {^L. by I, Ph. M, Menger), &c.
All the medals cut by David van der Kellen before 1864 are
described in Dirks' work.
There is a Portrait-medal of this artist by J. P. Menger, 1874.
Bibliography. — Guioth, op. cit. — Dirks, Penninghmdig Eeperiorium. —
L. W. A. Besier, D. van der Kellen, Tijschrift van het Nederlandsch Genootschap
voor Mum- en Penningliiinile, III, p. 5. ^ Immerzeel and Kramm, De Levens
en Werlien der Holiandsche m Vlaamsche KimsticlHlders, Beeldhmnwers, Graveurs en
Botiwiiieesters, Amsterdam, 184;, 1857,
KELLEN, JOHAN PHILIP VAB OER (Dutch). Son of the last, born
at Utrecht, 9. July 1831. Medallist, and Engraver at the Mint
of Utrecht between 1852 and 1 876. According to Count
Maurin de Nahnys he was employed in 1875 to cut the ^. dies of
the gold 10 Gulden pieces, the obv. dies of which were done
by J. P. M. Menger.
BythisMedallistare : 25''' Anniversary of the Society " Artiet Ami-
citia'e " ot Amsterdam , 1 864 (signed : J.P.V.D.K.F.) ; — B. Brugsma ; —
Jubilee of J. S. Wor and Z. A. Cats, 1865 (VAN DER KELLEN j' F.);
— Joost van den Vondel, 1867; — S. C, Snellen van VoUenhofen,
of The Hague, 1873; — ■ D"" H. Boerhaave, Leyden (I^); —
D' A. van der Willigen; — Memorial Medal ofPieneniann,a Dutch
painter: — Inauguration of the Ary Scheffer Monument at Dor-
drecht, 1862, &c.
Mr. John W. Stephanik has informed me that Philip van der
Kellen did not handle the graver within the last twenty years.
As a writer, J. P. van der Kellen has also made his mark, and
published his Peintre-graveur hollandais et flamand, 1S66; Cata-
logue of the D' Ridder Collection of Engravings, &c.
Bibliography. — W. K. F. Zwierziiia, Beschrijving der Nedefhndsche oj op
Nedcrlamt en Nederlanders belrekking hsbbeiide pennmgeti, gestagen ran November
atdb, Google
— 137 —
KELLER, DANIEL (Gmre). Mint-warden at KivAngtn, 1622.
KELLER, J0HANKBALTHASAR(5w(>j). A celebrated Founder, born
at Zurich in 1638, died at Paris in 1702. He was first apprenticed
as a Goldsmith and is said to have been very clever at chasing. On
the invitation of his elder brother, JOHANN JAKOB (born at Zurich
1635,+ at Colinar 1700), who was already in the service of
Louis XIV., he went over 10 France, and for many years the two
brothers carried on their profession in Paris, partly in an official
capacity.
They were employed to cast guns in the Arsenal, and numerous
statues which yet adorn the Parterre d'eauandsurrounding avenues
in the Versailles gardens. For the city of Lyons, they executed
a statue of Louis XIV. which was erected on the Place Bellecour,
and for Paris, Johann Balthasar did that of the Place Vendome, which
was deraoUshed at the Revolution.
" Les Keller " were recognized during their life-time as the
most important artistic founders of France, and in our own days
a certain kind of casting metal composed of 90 % of copper and
10 °/o of alloy is known as " fonte Keller".
Johann Balthasar Keller is said to have cast reproductions oL
large medallions and plaques. His signature J. B. KELLER occurs on
a reproduction of G. Dupr^'s Portrait-medal of Francesco IV.
Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, 1654 (described by MazeroUe, Les
Medailleurs fran^ais, II, p. 134), and other productions are signed :
KELLER or K.
Herr F. O. Pestalozzi however expresses doubt as to the correct
attribution ol these medals, and writes tome : " Die Angabe bei
Fussli, dass der Giesser j. Ballh. Keller urspriinglich Goldschmid
gewe,sen sei (u. somit die fragliche Medaille — zumal im Alter von
erst 16 Jahren — -gegossen haben konnte) ist mir sehr zweifelhaft
geworden, denn er fehlt ganz in den ziircherischen Meisterbuchern.
Hat er den Beruf gelernt, musste er aus der Lehre genommen
worden sein, oder dann liegt Verwechslung vor, mit Goldschmid
Hans Biilthasar, der 1590 Meister geworden ist. Ob dieser die
Medaille gegossen haben kann, ist natiirlich auch wjeder dubios".
•' Les deux Keller ", says De La Tour ", Jean Jacques et Jean
Balthazar, ont donne des fontes irreprochables ; il y a, faites d'un
bronze qu'on croirait antique et sign^es d'eux, des m^dailles de
Guillaume Dupre que celui-ci n'aurait pas d^savou^es ".
Bibliography. — Fuessli, GescMchte lUr liesleit Kiiitstkr in d. Sdmiei^. — F. O.
Pestalozzi, Zurcber Tascheiibiich fur rpoj ; & in Schmei^, Khmilerlexicon. —
N. Rondot & H. De La Tour, 0^. cil.
KELLER, MARTIN (Germ.). Mint-official at Brieg and Oppcin,
1664-1704.
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— 1^8 —
HELLERMANN, HANS(Gcnii.). Miiit-m.
- at P£il^bui
, 1586.
KELLERTHALER or KELLERDALLER, DANIEL(Gm«.). Goldsmith,
Seal-engraver, and Medallist of Augsburg and Dresden, worked
between circa 1613 ;md 1654, for tlie Electoral Court of Saxony.
His plate (The Annunciation, 1629; Portrait of Jolm George 11,
ike)., is of great artistic merit, and the lew medals that arc known
Kolltrtl viler.
by him equally betray a master liand. They are generally oval
Portrait-pieces, case from was models, and signed DC : 1601.
Christian, Duke of Saxony (after a model by Tobias Wolf),
42 X ?i mill., Y^L. TALIS . ERAT I FACIES TVA . | DVX .
CHRISTIANE . | SECVNDE . VESTITVS Q | FIDEM . CVM .
TIBI. 1 DRESDA.DARET . DIE | 25 MEN.SEPTEM. |
A" 1601; — t6o8. A^. Oval Badge or Jewel, enamelled openwork
./Google
bolder, suspended bv three gold chains attached to a ring,
36 xzH mill {illustraled), Obv. lO.GEO.V.G.G.H.Z.SAX —
MAGD.SI.H.Z.S.G.MAR.I.P. Busts, conjoined, of John George 1.
and his consort Magdalene Sibylla; beneath : tX. — 1.6.0.8,
^L Richly ornamented oval shield of arms. This pendant commem-
orates the Marriage of the Duke, in 1607; — A^. Oval Badge
(Pendant), undated, 38 X ?i mill. Obv. DG.IOHAN . GEOR .
DVX . S , IVL . CLEF.ET . MON , ELE. Bust of the Duke to r., in
cuirass. ^D.G- MAG. SYBIL. D.S. IVL. CL. MO : NA iM P. E.
EL : DC. Bust of the Duchess to 1. (Ducal Cabinet at Goiha); --
Medal on the Capture of Bautzen, 25. September 1620, Obv. Duke
John George I. on horseback to r. ; beneath : 25. SEPT : EX'
^. bVDIssIma CaesarI — hegI aVE ,sVo reDDIta. The burning city
of Bautzen ("struck piece, 44 mill.).
David Kellerthaler cut a large shield for Duke John George I.
in 1637 which is also signed DC. He enjoyed the special patronage
of the Electress Magdalene Sibylla.
Bibliography. — Erbstein, Erorttrwigm auf dciii GcbkU ih.r sitchsischiii
MiitK^-und Mfdaillen-Geschichle, Dresden, 1888. — Meiiaditr, Schaimiiin^en iki
Hattses Hohen^ollan, igoi. — Tentzel, op. cit. — Nagler, Monogmii'misteii , III.
KELLNER, GEORG (Germ.). Mint-master at Amberg and ErJangen,
1622.
KELLOGG &. CO (Ainer.'). A baukiug firm ot San Francisco who
issued private money comprizing 20 Dollar pieces, 1854-55, ■'""■^
circular 50 Dollar pieces, 1855, all with the head of Liberty on
obv. and Eagle on I^.
KELLOW, Bishop (5n7.). Issuer of Pennies in the name of King
Edward IL (after 131 r) at Durham; mint-mark, cross moline with
one limb in form of crozier.
BniLiOGKAPHY. — Grudicr, HiUulbooh, &c. — Burns, Co'wage of Scottami, I,
p. 210.
KELPE, ZACHARIAS DANIEL {Germ.). Mint-mastor at Schwerin,
1695-1708; his initials Z. D. K. occur on some of his issues. I have
noticed them on a Thaler of 1705 of Frederick William of Mtcklen-
burg-Schwerin, engraved by j. F. Hilcken, whose signature H is
placed in exergue on obv.
RiBLiOGUAPHY. — Aiiimon, op. cU. — Nagler, MoiiogrammuU-ii, V, no 20711.
KELS, Hh.'^&iAusir.). Modeller and Wood-eiigraverofKaufbauern,
and Augsburg, circa 1537-1566. Domanig reproduces two fine Por-
trait-medallions in box-wood, of the Emperors Maximilian I. and
Charles V. with King Ferdinand I., one dated 1534, and the other,
larger^ 1540.
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— 140 —
According ro D'" Habkh, his name is first inentioiied in docu-
ments of 1537 ; and we learn that in 1541 heobtained at Augsburg
the prerogative of a Sculptor ; he was still living in 1565, but died
before the i"* ol April 1566,
Hans Kels ranks amongst the most prominent Portrait-carvers
of the sixteenth century. His signature is found on a beautiful
Draught-board ot the Ambraser Collection and on a box-wood
medallion with portraits of the EmperorCharlesV., King Ferdinand
and their consorts; also on tlie two medallions described by
Domanig, and further on the following works : Medal of Adam
Oefner, bust to r. , signed UK (in the style of Hagenauer) ; — Medal
ofMatthans Schwarz (signed HK, of different work); — Box-wood
Models ofLaux Kreler and his wife EUzabeth; and perhaps also :
wood Medallion of Georg Fugger; and Portrait-piece of Johann
Fichard and his wife, 1547.
BiBLiOGEAiiHV, — D' Gcoig Habidi, Uims Kels ah Koiiterfdtcr, 1903.
KELTZ, CHARLES ALBERT (Germ.^. Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Strassburg ; pupil of H. Seyder and A. Gerbier.
At the Salon of 1894 he exhibited Portrait-plaqueties and medals :
E, Keltz; — M-= L. Keltz; — M™^ C. de L***; — Prii^e Medal of
the Paris School of Drawing for jewellery ; — The Language of
Daisies, &c.
KEMLEIN, STEPHAN (Gmn.). Mint-warden at Nuremberg, 1532-
1547; Mint-inaster-at Jiigerndorf, 1557.
KEMLEIN. Fide KAMLEIN, snprd.
KEMNITZ, JOHANN CHRISTOPH (Germ.). A native of Augsburg,
who settled at Brussels, in the early part of the eighteenth century,
as a Seal-engraver. He took part in the Monetary competition of
1725 , but Francois Harrewyn's Patterns were adopted.
KEMPE, CANCELLARIUS JOHANNES (BnV.). Archbishop of York,
1426-145 r. He issued a Farthing in the name of Henry VI., obv.
H.D.G.AN.Z.FRASIE REX; C to left, I to right of King's head.
Bibliography, — Hawkins, op. cil., p. 245-
KEMPEN & SON, J. M. VAN (Dutch). Die-sinking Establishment at
Voorschoten (Holland). This firm has issued a number of medals,
some of which were engraved by the Goldsmith F. de Leeuw. One
of these commemorates the Seventh Centenary ol the Foundation
of Bois le-Duc, 1 885 ; two others were struck on the 50"' Anniver-
sary of the Battle of Waterloo, 1865, and are fully described in
Zwierzina, Beschrijving iler Nederlandsche of op Nederland en Neder-
>sted by Google
landers belrekh'ng hebbeiide Penniiigm, Ike, n°' /]j nml /jj. At tlie
time of the Boer W;ir, this firm issued several medals with bust ot
President Kruger, 1900.
KEMPER, HEINRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Domitz, 1669-1675.
His initials H. K. occur on his issues.
KEMPF, HANS (Germ.). Coining-smith at the Brcslau Mint, 1569.
KEMPF, MARTIN (Germ.). Mint-master at Joachimsthal, 1542-
1543, for the Counts of Schlick.
KiBLioGiiAPHY. — Fiala, Das Miiii\wesendei- Grafeii Schiick, 1890.
KEMPSON, PETER (Brit.). Medallist (Maker of Buttons, Medals,
&c.)of the latter end of the eighteenth century, residing at Birming-
ham, where in 1801 he entered into partnership with SAMUEL
KINDON, under the style of KEMPSON AND KINDON. Peter and
Thomas Wyon were both employed by Kempson Co engrave Tokens,
and J. G. Hancock to cut " a series of medals commemorating
the Victories of the British armies over Napoleon, the Union with
Ireland, George IIL, and Statesmen of the time ".
Amongst Kempson's productions, I may notice ; Jacob's Penny
Token, 1798; — Kempson's Penny Token, 1796; — Lochleven
Penny, 1797; — Welch's Penny Token, 1795 (sev. varieties,
engraved by Wyon); — Yeomanry Tokens of Warwickshire
(several varieties, engr, by J. G. Hancock); — Tamworch Penny
Tokens (sev. var., 1797, Hancock); — Warwick Pennies, 1797
(engraved by Westwood); — Alston Halfpennies, 1796 (Wyon);
— George Barker's Halfpennies, 1 797 and MDCCXCIX (Hancock) ;
— John Clarke's Halfpenny, 1795 (Wyon); — Donald & Go's
Halfpenny, 1792 (Wyon); — Kempson's Birmingham Buildings
(a large series of Halfpenny Tokens, n"' 141-208, Davis,
fVaruiichhire Token Coinage); — Pye's Halfpenny Token, 1797
(Webb); — KetTipson's Coventry Buildings, Halfpenny Tokens
(Davis, op. cit., n°^ 395-453); — Nickson's Coventry Halfpennies
(Wyon) ; — Tamwotth Halfpennies (Wyon) ; — Baaminton
Tokens (Willets); — Bath Tokens (Wyon); — Bifmingham
Mining Co. Tokens (Wyon); — Blofield Tokens (Wyon); —
Blything Hundred Tokens(Hancock); — Brainiree Tokens (Wyon);
— Bridgewater Tokens (Wyon) ; — Brunswick Tokens, circulated
in London (Wyon); — Bury, P. Deck's Tokens (Wvon); —
Buxton, W. R. Hay's Tokens (Wyon^; — Brechin, "Smith &
Wilson's Tokens (Willets); — Cambridge Tokens (Wyon) ; —
Chelmsford, Cla'char & Go's Tokens (Wyon) ; — Chester Tokens;
— Chichester, Daily's Tokens (Wi'on); — Coalbrook Dale Go's
Tokens (Wyon); — Colchester, C, Heath's Tokens (Wyon); —
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— 142 —
Cambridge, J. Burleigh's Tokens (Hiiiicock); — Dundee Tokens
(for A. Mollison, T. Webster J', A. Swap & Co, J. Pilraer,
J. Wright, &c., and engraved by Wyon and Willcts) ;
— Edinburgh Tokens (for Anderson & C°, Wright,
Archibald, H. Harrison, engr. by Wyon); — Elmsthorpe,
R. Fowke's Token (Hancock); — Emsworth, J. Stride's Tokens,
(Wyon); — Forfar, J. Steele's Tokens (Willets) ; — Gloucester
Tokens (Wyon); — Haverhill, J. Finchatn's Token (Wyon) ; —
Huddersheld Tokens (Wyon) ; — Ipswich, R. Manning's Token
(Wyon) and Conder's Token (Wyon) ;, — Leek Tokens (Wyon) ;
— Leighton, Chambers & Go's Tokens (Wyon) ; —London, Carter's
Token (Willets); J. Ching's Token (Wyon); Moore, and Neeton
Tokens (Wyon) iNewgaceToken (Wyon); Batley'sToken(Wyon);
H. Young's Token (Wyon); Essex Tokens (Wyon) ; — Lowhall
Token (Wyon); ~ Lichfield, R. Wright's Token (Hancock); —
London, Stag & Slough, Britannia Tokens (Willets) ; — Maccles-
field Tokens; — Montrose, A. Nicol's Token (Willets); — New-
Penny of Scotland, 1797.
castle, Mather's Tokens (Wyon); — Newent, J. Mores Token
(Wyon); — Norfolk, N. Bolingbroke's Tokens (Wyon) ; — Nor-
wich, J. Harvey's Tokens (Wyon); —Bullen & Martin's Token
(Wyon); — ]. Rock, R. Campin, R. Bacon, Dinmore&Son,
Hardingham Tokens (engr. by Wyon and Willets); — Perth,
J. Ferrier'sTokens (Willets); — Portsea, G. E. Sargeant's Token
(Wyon); — Salmon's Token (Willets) ; —Portsmouth, T. Sharp's
Token (Wyon); — R >chdale, J. Kershaw's Token (Wyon); —
Salisbury, j. & T. Sharp's Tokens (Wyon); — South Shields
Token (Wyon); — Spalding, T. Jenning's Tokens (Wyon); —
Stafford, Horton & Go's Token (Willets); — Stockton, Kington
Token (Wyon) ; — Sudbury, Goldsmith & Son's Token (Wyon) ;
— Swansea Tokens (Wyon); — Tamworth, Rev. F. Blick's Token
(Wyon); John Harding's Token (Hancock); — Wainfleei, Wright
& Palmer's Token (Wyon); — Adam Smith's, Penny of Scotland
(Wyon; ill nslraled) ; —York, James Carlisle's Tokens (Wyon); —
,/ Google
-- 1, 1 3 —
Poole, Shilling, 1812; — Sixpence, 1812; — Hoxne, Twopence,
1798; — Dublin, vK- Shilling, 1804 (3 var.), nnd others : Black-
friars Bridge, Penny, 1797; — London Briclge; — Westminster
Bridge; — Bridge Gate; — Greenwich Hospital; — Guy's Hospital ;
— S' Thomas's Hospital Penny Tokens, &c.
Amongst the medals which bear Kempson's signature we find ;
George III. preserved from assassination, tSoo; — Henry Adding-
ton, Viscount Sidmouth, 1757-1844; —State of England, i8oj
(signed H S K, Kempson &Kindon); — Death of the Duke of Bedford,
1802 (K & K); — Peace of Amiens concluded, 1802 (K & k); —
Adam, First Viscount Duncan, of Caraperdown, 1731- [804;
— Engagement off Camperdown, 1797 (P. K. ; ohv. lUnslrated); —
Viscount Duncan, Engagi
General Hospital, Birmingham (In Boston Coll"); ~- S' Bartholo-
mew's Hospital, Gloucester ; — Trial of Q_ueen Caroline, 1820 ; —
Count Bartolomeo Bergami, 1820 ; — Another, 1798 I^ Adam and
Eve in the garden of Eden (P. K. FEC); — Opposition to the Union
with Ireland, 1800 (STK. BY P. K.) ; — Alexander Hood, First
Viscount Bridport, K.B. 1727-1814 ; —Defeat ofche FrenchofFPort
rOrient, 1795 (P. K.) ; — Selina, Countess of Huntingdon, 1707-
1791 ; Memorial, 1791 (K. &K,); — Masonic Medal struck in 1802
on the occasion of the union of tne Two Rites ; — Sir Henry Trollope ;
— Engagement oft Helvoetsluys, 16 July 1796 ; — -Poole, Sixpence,
1812; — Hoxne, Two Pence, 1798 (by Wyon) ; —Shilling Tokens
of Dublin, issued by the Irish Bullion Co, &c. Most of these medals
were engraved by J. G. Hancock.
Bibliography. — Pye, op. cil. — Allans, oji. cit. — H. A. Gmeber
English Penmial Medah, 1887-1892. — W. ]. Davis, IVai-wickshire Token Coinage.
— Marvin, MrMiwii; Medals, i83o, — Hennin, Histoire numismatique de la Rhrohi-
Hoii franfaise. — W. J. Davis, Nineteenth Century Token Coinage, 1904.
KEMPSON & SON (Bril.). The signature K. S. occurs on Shilling
Tokens of Poole, 1812.
KENDLER, IGNAZ (Bohem.). Mint-warden at Prague, 1774-1780.
His issues are usually signed K or I. K.
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— 144 —
KENDRICK (Bnl.). A Biniiingliam Token Manufacturer of the
latter end of the eighteenth cenmry. He may possibly have been
a Die-sinker himself, as no Engravers' signatures appear on his
Tokens, which however are not very numerous.
He issued : Croydon, Garraway's Tokens ; — Leith, J. White's
Tokens, &c.
13iBL10GKAPHY. — Pye, Provindal Coltper Coins., ii. d.
KENNING, GEORGE {Brit.'). A London Masonic Jeweller and PubUsh-
er, who has issued a number of Masonic medals, some of which
commemorate the Installation of the Prince of Wales (now
Edward VII, ) as Grand Master, 1875, and others ; Medal of the
" Strong Man Lodge"; — Centenary Medals (sev.var.) " elaborate
and excellent" ; — Railway Medals, &c.
BiBLioGUAPBV . — Marvin, Masonic Medals, 1880. — Rev, A, F. A. Woodford,
Kenning'! Masonic Cyclopaedia, London, 1878.
KENT & SON (Canad.). Medal publishers of Toronto, who in 1887
issued Jubilee Medals of Q.ueen Victoria, and have since produced
various Prize Medals.
BiBLioomPHY. — R, Mac Lachlati, Canadian JiiJnke Medals.
KEPHOS. Fictitious signature on a Poniatowsky gem in sardonyx,
representing the Interview between Minerva, disguised as Mentes,
and Telemachus.
KEPPEL FOCX, CORNELIS VAN (Dutch). Mint-master at Zwolle
1684-1692.
KERGEL, JOHANN (Germ.). Mint-master at Nuremberg, -{ 1464.
KERN, JOHANN BERNHARD (Germ.). Mint-warden at Schwabach
1758-1780.
KERN, JOHANN BAPTIST (Germ.). Mint-warden at Schwabach,
1758-1765. His initial K occurs conjoined with that of the Mint-
Master, Ebenauer, (E), on Thalers, Convention -gulden, etc. of that
Mint, and also with that of Ebenauer's successor, Kolle, (K), as,
for instance, on the Gedachtnissthaler, 1765, of Alexander, Mark-
grave of Brandenburg.
KERNLEm, J. (Germ.). Die-sinker at Darmstadt, 1844.
KERSNER, J. (Dutch). Medallist of Amsterdam, who worked
during the first haH of the nineteenth century. (Nederlandsche
Gedet^penningen verklaard etc. door Jeronimo de Fries en Johannes Cor-
nelis de Jonge, Haag en Amsterdam, 1829.)
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— 145 —
KERSTING, A. {Germ.). Die-sinker in London, 1865. His signa-
ture A. KE.RSTING FEC. occurs On a commemorative medal of tiie
Inauguration of the German School for Physical Drill in London,
28. January 1865.
KERWIEN, A. (Amer.). A New- York Die-sinker, by whom tliere
are medals of Schiller, 1859; one variety in Boston Coll" is
signed A. K,
KESS, JOHANN (Austr.). Goldsmith of Vienna, circa 1700, who
signed a Badge of Christoph Mathiii, 1686-1706, Superior of the
Monastery of Klosterneuburg. His initials appear as I, L. K,
BiBuoGRAPHV. — Numismatische Topographie von Niederostsrrdcb, iSy8.
KESSEL, MARTIN (Germ.). Mint-master at Saalfetd, 1594-1614.
KESSLER, BARTHOLOMAUS {Germ.). Mint-warden at Langenar-
gen, 1696 ; '[ 1709.
KETCH, D'- ALBERTUS (Z)m;c/;). Mint-master in Friesland, 1719-
1721.
KETTLE & SONS (Brif.). Die-sinkers and Counter Manufacturers of
Birmingham ; in the early part; of the nineteenth century. Their signa-
ture K, & S, occurs on the following pieces which I have come across :
Medal on the Peace of Paris, 1814, with busts jugate to r, of the
Tsar, the King of Prussia, the Duke of Wellington, and Marshal
Blijcher; — Imitation Seven-Shilling Piece, 1798, signed H. K. (H.
Kettle) ; — Imitation Spade Guinea of George III., in brass, struck
to commemorate various Musical Festivals in tiie Provinces, etc.
Most of Kettle's counters are in brass and the medals in tin.
KETTLER, ENGELBERT (Germ.). Mint-master at Osnabriick, 1637,
and Munster, 1638-1656; later at Bentheim, 1659-1662. His
initials E. K. or K alone occur on some of his issues, as for instance
on the Double Thaler of Munster, 1647, of Ferdinand, Dnke of
Bavaria (E. K.), and on an Anabaptist Thaler (Miii/aj 5167) (k.). He
also engraved medals on the Peace of Munster (Fide Cat. Royal
Cabinet of the Hague, n"' 729, 738, 739, 741-46).
KEDLLE, MARTIN (Germ.). Mint-master at Gottingen, 1548;
previously at Hanover, 1545-1556, Nordheim, 1547-1548, also at
Einbeck, Goslar, and in the service of the Ducal house of Brunswick.
KEY, WILLIAM H. (Amer.). Assistant- en graver at the Philadelphia
Mint, appointed In 1864 and still in service in 1892. He is a
native of Brooklyn, and an expert Die-sinker. We owe to him the
Kane Expedition and Archbishop Wood Medals, various Pattern
pieces and many Dies of the current U. S. coinage ; also : Washing-
ton Medal (2 var.), 1878 (signed : KEY) of the Harzfeld Series;
L. FonKEH. — Jfiojrapfo-ffl! Naikaof MedMsH. — III. 10
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— 146 —
— Lafayette Medal (2 var.) of the same Series (signed ; W, H.
KEY F.); — E. K. Price, an American Numismatist, 1879; — John
Wesley, 1866 ; — General U. S. Grant, 1867 ; — Daniel Webster;
— Medal of the Fulton Institute, Lancaster (Pa), 1858); — D'' E.
K. Kane, 1857; — Medal of the Numismatic and Antiquarian
Society of Philadelphia, 1879, &c.
KEY, F. C. — i SONS (Amer.). A firm of Die-sinkers established
at Philadelphia, who have issued Portrait-medals of D' EUsha Kent
Kane. One variety is signed KEY only. The Boston Museum
possesses four varieties {Am. Joiirn. of Num., 107-110), Also :
Portrait-medals of Washington; — ■ President Jackson; — Daniel
Webster, and others.
KEYSER, ERNEST WISE (Amer.). Contemporary Sculptor of Balti-
more (U. S. A.) ; pupil of Puech and St. Gaudens. At the Paris
Salon of 1898 he exhibited a Portrait-medallion of Miss J*** and a
Portrait-medal of Enoch Pratt.
KEYSER, GREGOR (Germ.). Goldsmith of Frankfort-on-M.; Mint-
engraver at Michelstadt, 1561.
KEYSER, H. DE (Dutch). Medallist of the early part of the seven-
teenth century. Vide Kmj&EVi..
KEYSER, HEYNEMANN VON LAUF (Gm«.). Mint-master at Coburg,
circa 1378-1382.
KEYSER, JEAN DE (Belg.). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Cureghem in 1857. After making remarkable studies at the Brussels
Royal Academy of Fine Arts, he applied himself with success to
sculpture. He is now Professor at the Art and Industrial Schools of
Cureghem- Anderlecht. He executed a medal of the Belgian Teckel-
Club.
BiELioGRAPiiY. — Ed. hsloirti, Miditilks hutoriques dc Belgique, 1902.
K. F. Fide MARTIN KRAFFT. Medallist at Vienna, 1769-1781.
K. F. Fide KROHN. Medallist at Copenhagen, after 1830.
K. F. Vide KARL FISCHER. Medallist at Berlin, 1829-1865; born
in 1802.
KHEILL, CASPAR (Austr.). Die-sinker of Gratz, who worked at the
Mint there, circa 1653. He is the author of a Coronation Jeton of
Ferdinand IV., and he also cut various official seals.
Bibliography. — Th. Uiiger, Khliie Beitrage :^ur Mitn^hinik des Kronlatides
Sldermark.
atdb, Google
— 147 —
KHENDLMAYR, HANS CASPAR (^wir.), Mint-mascei-atGratz, l66o,
in which year he issued Groschen,
KHIFER, HANS JACOB (Austr.). Seal-engraver at Vienna, circa
1578-1381.
KHLOCKHNICZ, CORNELIUS (Austr.). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver
ac Vienna, 1580. He appears to have also worked for the Mint
there.
KHOCH, NICKLAUS (Swiss}. Mint-master at LucernCj 154O. Fide
KOGH.
KHRALL, J0BST(^ii5ir.). Seal-engraver at Vienna, who is recorded
to have cut in 1532 five small and large seab for the Mint-master
Reytanner.
Bibliography, — Oesterrekher, Regesien, etc.
KHRIEGER, PAUL (Germ.). Goldsmith of Vienna, who in 1621 is
led as Director of the Mint there.
KHUNIG, JOHANN ANTOSI. VideViOmG infra.
KHUENIG, MATHIAS. FideKOmG.
K. I. Fide KRUGER JUNIOR. Medallist at Dresden, 1785-18 [4.
KIEFFER, GEORG (Germ.). Mint-master at Weinberg, circa 1586.
KIEHLMANN (Germ.). A Dresden Die-sinker, whose signature
occurs on the obv. of a medal of D'' Friedrich Ludwig Kreysig,
Dresden, 1828.
KIENLEN, MAX (Germ.). Mint-master at Ulm, 1635-1639. Some
of his issues are signed M. K.
KIESSEL, HENNING (Germ,). Mint-master at Cramberg a. d. Lahn,
circa 1626.
KILDARE, GERALD FITZGERALD, EARL OF (Brit.) " who was
appointed Lord Justice of Ireland (temp. Edward IV.) was given, in
consideration of his many services, unlimited control of the mints
and their officers. He received also all the profits arising from the
coinage. None of the Kildare coins have the king's name". These
coins consist of Groats, Half Groats, Pennies and Farthings.
Bibliography. — H. A. Grueber, Handbook oj the Coins of Great Britain and
Ireland, p. 22j.
KILIAN, LUCAS (Germ.). Gem-engraver of Augsburg, of the first
half of the seventeenth century. He has been pompously styled
"the German Pyrgoteles". His productions however are quite
ordinary.
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KIMON {Greek). Coin-engniver at Himer.i, about the middle ye.irs
of the fifth century B.C. D' Arthur Evans discovered his signature
on a Tetradrachm of Himera, struck circa 450 B.C., a specimen of
which is in the Museo Nazionale at Naples (Catahgo, etc. : Meda-
gtiere, 4429).
JR^. Tetradrachm. Obv. Quadriga to I., crowned by Nike; horses
trotting; in the ex. : retrograde inscription M01A^3M1 divided by
cock to 1.
I^. The nymph Himera, in sleeved tunic and peplos standing
facing, her head turned to 1, ; her hand is raised and she extends
in her !. a patera over a garlanded altar, with gabled top; on the
upper part of the altar, above cross-moulding beneath pediment,
the inscription, KIMON. To r. of Himera, small Seilen raking a
douche bath beneath a lion-headed fountain ; above, a single barley-
corn.
Evans, Syr. Med., PI. X, i" and 1''.
The signature KIMON is disposed as shown below, trom an
engraving given by D'^ Evans, p. 175, fig, 13.
"It is evident", observes D'' Evans, " that theKimon who signs
on these coins cannot be the artist of that name who attaches his
signature to the fine tetradrachms and pentekontalitra of Syracuse
struck during the last two decades of the fifth century B.C. But in
view of the well-known Greek practice of repeating personal names
(4 diams.)
in alternate generations and the prevalence of hereditary succession
in artistic industries, ot which we have a striking numismatic
example in the case of the celebrated group of Syracusan die-sinkers,
the probability that the earlier Kimon was the grandfather of the
later becomes considerable. "
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~- 149 —
Prof. Holm does not reject the suggestion offered by D"" Evans
as to the relationship between the earlier and the later Kiiiion, and
quite adopts the idea that the latter artist was not a Syraciisan, but
probably originated from one of the towns of Southern Italy,
perhaps Himera, or Messana, where he apparently worked, or even
Neapolisj from whose coinage he borrowed some of his Syracusan
types.
KIMON {Greeli). One of the most celebrated Coin-engravers of
ancient times, probably a Neapolitan, who flourished at Syracuse
towards the end of the fifth century B.C. and beginning
of the fourth century. His fame stands equal with that of Evaenetos,
and by some his work is preferred to that of his famous colleague
at the Syracusan Mint, as more dignified and bold.
The earliest Syracusan Dekadrachms (so-called " Medallions ")
are by Kimon. They present a distinct type of temale head on obv. ,
that of the nymph Arethusa, wearing hair in a net with head-band,
on the frontlet of which the artist's signature .. sometimes occurs.
° M
They were probably issued on the occasion of the first celebration of
the Assinarian Games in B.C. 412, and, as the " Damareteion "
issue was called for by the Syracusan Victory at Himera, so these
so-called " Medallions " by Kimon and Evaenetos were struck after
the Victory at Assinaros.
I. iR. Dekadrachm. Obv. lYPAKOlinN. Head of Arethusa
to 1., wearing earring in the form of three drops falling from a
calyx, and pearl- necklace ; the hair is enclosed in net, band tied in front
above ; on the ampyx of the sphendone ]■' ; rehef somewhat low ;
around, four dolphins : border of docs.
^. Q.uadriga to 1,, driven by charioteer holding goad and reins;
horses in high action ; above, Nike flying to r. about to crown
charioteer; in ex. a ledge or step, on and against which is placed a
suit of defensive armour, consisting of helmet and shield, cuirass
and greaves; beneath, AOAA ; on the exergual line, KiMHN.
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— 150 —
Weight : 667 grs. — B.M.Cat. Sicily, p. 175, n- 200.—
Evans, Syracusan Medallions, PI. i, n" 5, — Du Chastel,
op.cit., PI. 12, n» 141 (reproduces). — Hill, Coins of An-
cient Sicily, Frontispiece, n" r. — Head, Coins of Syracuse,
PI. IV, 6. — Macdonald, Catalogue of Greek Coins in the
Hunterian Collection, I, p. 228, n" 63.
Ml". Hill observes that on this group ot Klmon's Dekadrachms
" the head of the nymph Arethusa is marked by a greater restraint
and severity of manner than is apparent on his other works, and is
also treated in somewhat lower relief"; and he adds: "Its relation
to the head on a tetradrachm by Eualnetos (Fide Biog. Diet., \o[.Il,
p. 44, n" 21) is obvious. The nymph wears her hair in a net, and
her earring has the form of three drops falling from a calyx. The
hair is treated with 3 certain amount of exuberance at the sides of '
the head, but otherwise the work is fairly reserved. In comparison
with Kimon's later types there is a lack of modelling in the face ;
the curve of the profile taken from the nose upwards and carried
on over the frontlet is not pleasing; and the angle made with the
throat by the excessively full chin — almost vergingon douhleness — is
another point which affords excuse for fault-finding. If this is, as it
seems to be, Kimon's earliest dekadrachm type, some of the
weak points — especially the flatness of the modelUng — may be
due to the largeness of the scale, which was strange to the artist ".
As already noticed, the earliest of Kimon's dekadrachm types
fits into the fine tetradrachm of Evaenetos' " first manner"; the
position of the horses' heads on ^. is quite identical, but some
alterations have taken place in the treatment of the female head on
obv. ; the sphendone is changed into a narrow band with a net,
which encloses the hair at the back. The same idea had already
been made use of on the older tetradrachms, of the type ot Evans,
PL !, n° 2; Head, PI. in, n° 5 ; B.M.Cat., p. 162, n° 124. But, as
D' Holm remarks, Kimon's treatment of the net is more artistic in
that the baggy form end of the sphendone disappears, and the hair
is disposed with more freedom over the temples and forehead,
whilst the regularly combed hair from the partition takes less room.
,,Coo(^[c
Kimon kept to that type, except for some gradual modifications.
The next type of Kimon's Dekadrachms, designated by D'^ Evans
as Type II, is characterised, observes D"' Holm, hy the higher
chignon, freer neck, reduction in size of the chin, greater promi-
nence of the forehead, lending the physiognomy a greater force of
expression, reminding one of the coins of Neapolis.
The issue of this type of Dekadrachms must have closely followed
that of Type I (probably B.C. 410).
2. jR. Dekadrachm. Obv. XYPAKOZIflN- Head of Arethusa
to 1., wearing single earring and pearl-necklace; hair in net, band
not tied above; on the frontlet of head-band, K; around, four
dolphins.
^. Quadriga, &c., in Kimon's usual style, as on n" i, with the
inscription, AGAA visible beneath panoply.
Evans, Syr. Med., PI. 11, n° r. — B.M.Cat,, Sicily,
n"^ 205, 206. — Hill, op. cit., Frontispiece, n° 2 (Paris
specimen).
3.^. Dekadrachm (I'ype IV). Similar, with Kl on band;
it is uncertain whether the inscription existed also on the dolphin
beneath the head. (Description from an impression kindly commu-
nicated to me by M. M. P. Vlasto.)
#,;
«St,
"The comparatively amiable model of Kimon's eadier type has
given place ", observes Mr. Hill, ■' to a haughty beauty with a
distinctly sneering expression. The relief is much higher, and there
is more modeUing to be seen in the features. The curve of the
forehead is broken by allowing some of the locks of hair to stray
from under the frontlet. The earring is a single drop, instead of the
earlier flower-like ornament. The whole design is more restless,
chiefly owing to the profusion of small curling locks of hair;
it is true that they are hardly more numerous than on the earher
coins, butthey are so treated as to attract more attention ".
To this Type II of Ktmoti's Dekadrachms corresponds a Tetra-
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— 152 —
drachm of exquisite style, with profile head of the Nymph in high
relief.
4. JP^. Tetradrachm {Circa B.C. 410). Obv. SYPAKOJinN-
Head of Arethusa to 1., reseinbling in style n° z ; but with band
tied above; around, four dolphins : border of dots.
'^. Quadriga to 1., driven by male charioteer holding goad and
reins ; horses prancing ; above, Nike flying to r. about to crown
charioteer ; in ex, ; dolphin to i. : border of dots.
Weight : 269 grs. — B.M.Cat., Sicily, p. 176, n" 207.
— Head, op. cit., PI. iv, 8. — Evans, op. cit., PI. 11,
2. — Du Chastel, op. at., PI. 8, n" 95. — Hill, op. cit.,
Pi. VI, n" 16.
The early coins of Kimon (Type I) served as prototypes for
Carthaginian coins v,fith Zi^, the !^ of which reminds us of that
signed ty the artist EY0- Coins of Motya(Evans, PI. a, 5, 6, etc.)
are imitations of Kimon's Type II.
To this same period, drca^.C 408, soon after the Syracusan
Victory over Athens, must belong also the earliest Gold Stater of
Kimon, which is in clo.se connection with his dekadrachm and
tetradrachm of Type II.
5. M. Stater (lOoLitra). Obv. XYPAKOllON. Head of Arethusa
to 1. wearing triple-earring, necklace, and sphendone, upon which
ai-e three stars; behind, a barley-corn and K ; above, A; border of dots.
^- (XYPA)- Herakles kneeling on r. knee, and strangling lion
with both arms ; behind, club ; above, ivy-!eaf (?).
Weight ; 89 grs. — Evans, Syr. Med., PI. 11, n" 3. —
B.M.Cat., Sidly, p. 170, n° 168. — Du Chastel, op. cit.,
PI. 14, 161. — Hill, op. cit., PI. vii, n- 4.
On other specimens, the signature Kl is found (Paris Cabinet).
This coin was imitated by Evaenetos.
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— r53 —
In chronological sequence, we now, according to D' Evans,
meet with Kimon'sDekadrachms of Type HI,
6. iR. Dekadrachm (OVc. B.C. 406). Obv. Head of Arethusa,
ro 1., of somewhat different style to n" 3 ; K on band which is
narrower ; KlMflN on dolphin. Fine style.
^L. As before.
Evans, op. at., PL 11, 8. — B.M. Cat., Suily, p. 176,
n°20i. — Head, op. cit., PI, iv, 7. — ■ Holm, Geschkhk,
Siciliens, iii, PI. v, 8. — Hill, op. at., Frontispiece, n" 3 . —
Weil, Kunstkrimchriflen , PI. m, 9.
The British Museum specimen, n" 201, is not signed on frontlet
of head-band (vide B.M, Cat., p. 176, fie. 201).
■j.JB^. Dekadrachni (Circ. B.C. 403). Obv, Similar head, but
of coarser workmanship; Kon band, and KIMnNO" dolphin beneath
neck.
^L. As before.
Evans. Syr. Med., PI. 15, n" 5. — B.M, Cat., op. ciL,
n"" 202, 203. — Du Chastel, op. cit., PI. 12, n" 142. —
Macdonald, op. cit., I, PI. xvi, 19.
On Type III, the chignon is again lower and resembles Type I,
in the disposition of the hair.
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— 154 —
" The Dekadrachms described as Type III ", remarks D*" Evans,
Syr. Med., p- 82, " exhibidng a portraiture of Arechosa, which is
simply the profile rendering of the same queenly countenance that
looks forth from his masterpiece — the tetradrachm with the facing
head and the inscription APE002A) struck about 409 B C. These
coins represent the supreme development of Kimon's style, and the
individuality of features and expression clearly indicate that they
are both of them taken from the same living model, whose beauti-
ful but distinctly haughty face haunts all Kimon'slaterpresentations
of the tutelary Nymph, in much the same manner as the idealised
heads of Andrea's wife or RafFaelle's mistress look forth from their
Madonnas ",
The next coin in the list is Kimon's masterpiece — "a work
immeasurably superior to his Dekadrachms — the Tetradrachm
with the facing head of Arethusa ",
8. iR. Tetradrachm (Circa B.C. 409). Obv. Head of Arethusa,
three-quarter face to 1., wearing earring and necklace ; hair flowing
in loose tresses; across her forehead, ampyx, inscribed KiMAN ;
around, four dolphins, two on either side; above, outside border
of dots, APE0OXA-
?;.■ lYPAKOZinN- Qu.ui---,- 1- ' I III ^. ukile charioter,
holdinggoad in r. hand, reins m both, with head turned, looking
behind him ; horses galloping ; beneath them, a prostrate column ;
above, Nike to r., stepping upon the heads of the two nearer horses,
and carrying wreath with which she is about to crown the charioter ;
in ex., ear of barley to 1. : plain border.
Weight : 266. 3 grs. — B.M.Cat., Sicily,-^. 177, n" 208.
— Evans, op. cit., PI. iii, n° 4. — Weil, Kunsthrin-
schriften, PI. 111, n" 10. — Head, op. cit., PI. iv, n" 9. —
Holm, op. cit., PI. V, n" ir. — Du Chastel, op. cit., PI. 8,
n"=87-S9. — Hill, op. cit., PI. vi, 15.
9. iR, Tetradrachm. Obv. Similar.
Bi- lYPAKOllflN (in exergue). Quadriga to 1., driven by
charioteer, holding goad in r. hand, reins in both, touching with
goad the head of the third horse; horses prancing; above, Nike
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— 155 -
flying to r., about to crown charioteer; on line of ex : KIMflN ;
plain border.
Weight: 254. 7 grs. — B.M.Cat., op. cil., p. 177, n^soj.
— Weil, op. at., PI, in, 10").
"Enthusiasm", says Mr. Hill, "has never been lacking in appre-
ciation of the beauty of the obv. One fact may without hesitation
be admitted — it is the most charming of all the front face types
produced not only in Sicily, but also around the coasts of the
Aegean, as at AmphipoHs and Aenus, at Clazomenae and Rhodes...
As an example of complicated and delicate design in low relief, this
reverse ranks higher than anything else produced even by a Syracu-
san artist ".
10. J^. Drachm (Circ. B.C. 409). Obv. Head of Arcthusa,
three-quarter face to 1., (similar to n" 8), without inscription; on
either side, a dolphin.
^- ZYPAKOZION- Warrior tor., in fighting attitude; in ex. :
AEYKAZmZ-
Hoffmann Sale Catalogne, n" 146 (189B).
This unique Drachm is evidcntl> by Kiiiion, and of the highest
interest as presenting the facing head of Arethusa in a reduced size.
A small copper coin of Sytacuse, with the same head of Arethu-
sa, and ^L. Sepia, is probably also the work of Kimon.
This head of Arethusa was imitated on coins of Motya, destroyed
in B.C-397 (Evans, III, 8. 10-12), Camarina, abandoned in BC.
405 (Evans, III, 9; B.M.Cat., p. 37, n" 20) and Himera, destroy-
ed already in B.C. 409 (Evans, p. 70, fig. 4; PI- ni, 7), which are
important points for the dating of the piece, not later than 409
B.C.
This type of the facing head of Arethusa is considered by Prof.
Furtwangler as having come to Neapolis from Pheidias and his
circle, and D' Evans has shown that Neapolitan Didrachms with a
beautiml three-quarter face head of a Nymph (Evans, PI. in, i and
2)' served as prototypes for Kimon's masterpiece, and may even
have been engraved by the same artist.
Kimon's facing head of Arethusa was copied further on a bronze
Hemilitron of Himera, on Didrachms and Drachms of Larissa, and
on Staters of Cilician satraps.
The later gold staters of Kimon correspond to type III (n" 6) of his
Dekadrachms.
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~ 156-
11. N. Stater (100 Litra). Similnr to n" 5, except in style and
expression.
Two varieties are reproduced in Evans, Syr. Med.,P\. 11, n"^ 4a
and 4 B.- — -Du Chastel, op. cii., PI, 14, n° 160 (Evaenetos ?).
D' Evans lias convincingly proved that Kimon was not oi
Syracusan origin ; he has even surmised that he may have been the
grandson of an earlier Kimon who signed a coin of Himcra of the
middle years of the fifth century B.C., and it is remarkable that
there is only oneSyracusan coin on which his signature is associated
with that of another artist, |M (Himerios).
12. M.. Drachm. Obv. By the artist |M (lYPA)KOZ[flN-
Female head tor., wearing diadem, earring and necklace; hair flow-
ing; above, |M ; iti front, a dolphin to 1., upwards : plain border.
^L. By Kimon (?). Quadriga to 1. , driven oy charioteer, holding
reins in both hands; horses prancing; above, Nike flying to r.,
crowning charioteer ; in ex., pilosand Kt-M : plain border.
Weightt 39.Sgrs. — B.M.Cat., Sicily, p. 181, n" 233.
Head, op. at., PL v, 8.
To Kimon, or Parmenion, may futther be given, according to
D' Head, a pretty M. Litra.
13. .&. Litra (B.C. 415-400). Obv. lYPAK- Female head to r.,
wearing earring and necklace, hair in sphendone; behind, dolphin
to).
Head, op. cit., PI. v. 9. ~ B.M.Cat., ^/W/^', p. iSi,
n" 334.
V^. Sepia.
Not only has Kimon made use of a Neapolitan prototype for his
facing head of Arethusa, but as D' Evans suggests, he was himself
of Chalkidian stock. Before working at Syracuse, the same artist
" executed more than one tetradrachm die for Messana ", and he
may also be the engraver of a Mctapontine DidracWm, reproduced
by Garrucci.
The Messana Tetradrachms by Kimon are undoubtedly earlier
than his Syracusan coins.
14. jR. Tetradrachm. Obv. Biea of galloping mules driven by
a female (?) charioteer, crowned oy flying Nike ; in ex : barley-
spike.
^. ME22ANI0N in field above hare, running to r.; beneath.
Nymph's head, her back hair contained in a sphendone ; PEAflPlAX
,/ Google
in front of the head, and below the neck... flN (?) ;
cockle-shell and to 1., a corn-spike.
Evans, Syr. Med., PI. x, 3^ and 3''.
D' Evans, who first published thiscoin,remaiksthal the inscription
is by no means clear, but believes the signature refers in all proba-
bility to Kimon.
Another MessanianTetradrachm bears Kimon's signature.
15 . ^. Tetradrachm. Obv. MEZIANinN. Hare running to 1. ;
beneath, eagle, to 1., standing on rock, devouring serpent : border
of dots.
^. Biga of mules to 1., driven by female charioteer, who holds
goad and reins; mules walking ; above, Nike to r., holding wreath
and caduceus; in ex., long fish to 1. ; on exergual line, name of
artist : KIMHN; border of dots.
Weight : 265.3 grs. — B. M. Cat., Sicily, p. 105, n° 56.
— Evans, Syr. Med., p. 1S7. — Sahnas, Notine degU Scavl.
1888, p. 218, Tav. XVII, 4.
The British Museum specimen does not show distinctly the
artist's signature, but on a coin seen by D'' Evans, "the last four
letters of Kimon's name are clearly decipherable ". Specimens in
the Naples and Paris Cabinets, also in the collections of D'lmhoof-
Blumer, Herr A. Lobbecke, &c. show the more or less complete
signature.
The Metapontine Didrachm, already referred to, I reproduce
here from Garrucci, Le Mamie dell Italia anlica, Tav. ciii, fig. 16.
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It is evident that Kiraon was not a Syracusan. Apart from his
earlier dies for South ItaUan Mints, further proofs in corroborntion
of this fact are furnished by his use on Syracusan coins of C
nian forms of earrings.
There is another type of Syracusan Tetradrachm, one variety of
which is signed K on obv., which Sale Cataloguers generally attrib-
ute to Kimon, although it is not ascribed to this artist by the
various writers on Sicilian Coin-engravers' signatures.
i6. JB^. Tetradrachm. Obv. By Kimon (?) Female head to i,,
hair in plain sphendone; broad diadem, over which her hair is
drawn back; necklet with pendant pearls; large earring; two dol-
phins before and two behind; above, at back, lYPAKOlinN ; the
sphendone is tied above and ornamented with three stars of eight
rays.
^. By Parme(nion). (Fide Evans, Syr. Med., PI. x,^ 5). Qua-
driga to r., driven by charioteer crowned by Nike ; the rein of the
farthest off-horse hangs loose ; under the nearest horse's feet, a
broken chariot-wheel ; in ex. , ear of barley.
Weight : 266 ers. — Bunbury Sale Catalogue, 1896,
lot 462. — Du Cliastel, op. ciL, PI. 7, n" 77.
A variety of obv. has beneath the head of Goddess, a head of a
bearded satyr to r.
B. U..CZ.I., Sicily, p. 179, n° 219. — Head, Coins of Syra-
cuse, PI. V, 2.
17. JK. Tetradrachm. By Kimon (?) lYPAKOSinN. Female
head to r., similar to last; hair in broad sphendone, ornamented
with stars; behind neck, K.
^. Quadriga to 1,, similar to last, but without broken rein or
wheel under horses.
,stsd by Google
— 159 —
Weight : 366 grs. — Bunbury Sale Catalogue, 1896,
lot 463. — Du Chastel, op. cii., PI. 7, n° 78.
A variety in the National Collection has >l behind neck.
Another specimen, of the same type is without the signature.
B. M. Cat.j Sicily, p. 179, n" 221. ~- R. Hobart
Smith Collection (illustr.^. — Bunbury Sale Catalogue,
1896, lot 464. — Du Chastel, op. cit., pi. 7, n" 79. —
Hill, op. cit., PI. VII, n" 3.
The eoin, reproduced here, which belongs to Mr. R. Hobart
Smith, of New-York, was ascribed to Kimon by M. Arthur Sam-
bon, in the Catalogue of the Sale at which it was purchased some
few years back.
The soft style in which this head is treated reminds one strongly
of Kimon's First Medallion Type, and indeed D' Evans reproduces
the two coins on the samePlate. I would only draw attention to the
remarkable affinity between this type and that of the Tetradrachm,
by Eukleidas, signed on dolphin, published by D'' ffirsch (Sale
Catalogue, 18. May 1903, lot 991).
In conclusion, the following notes on the artistic merit of
Kimon's productions, may add to the interest of this short
summary of the great Artist's work :
"Les ceuvresde Cimon surpassent de beaucoup cequia etefaitde
plus remarquable dans le meme art a la Renaissance. Son style est
loin d'etre sans defauts ; 11 recherche un pen trop [es tours de force
etle c6te gracieux des types, aux depens d'une beaute plus id^ale
et plus sublime. Ses figures, trop surchargees de details etd'orne-
ments, manquent de simplicity, et par suite perdent quelque chose
du c6te de la puret^ et du grandiose. En meme temps, 11 a toujours
dans I'execution une certaine aprete, qui quelquefois atteint presque
i la rudesse et contraste singulierement avec la recherche de grice
dont it parait toujours preoccupe " (Lenormant, La moitnaie dans
rAntiquiti, Paris, 1878, III, p. 269).
D'' Weil suggested that Kimon's MedalUons were executed after
those of Evaenetos, an opinion which D"^ Evans has refuted with
sufficient reasons not to leave now any doubt on the subject. The
author of Die Kumtlerinschrifun der sicilischen Miin:(en, p. 19,
remarks : " Des Euainetos Rivale in der Anfertigung der Dekadracti-
,stsd by Google
— i6o ~
men-Stempel ist Kimon. Dem Kopf der Gottin h^t er eiiien
ungleich mehr individuellen Ausdruck verlielien als Jener; das
Haar ist von einem Netz gelialten, dessen breites Band iiber der
Stirn zwischen den Locken wieder sichtbar wird. In etwas erhaben-
er SchrifttragtesdieBuchstaben **' oder auch blosses KjCinanderer
kiinstlerisch uberlegener Stempel hat dagegen auf dem unter dem
Hals befindlichen Delphin KIMHN. Die Kehrseite ist in der Qua-
driga, wie in den Waffenstiicken des Abschnilts, denen audi bier
die Beischrift AOAA hinzugefiigt ist, dem Dekadrachmen des Euai-
netos durcbaus entsprecbend gebildet ; jedoch iasst sich an den mir
bekannt gewordenen Exemplaren durchgSngig beobacbren, dass das
Gespann ruhiger gelialten ist, namentlicli das Aussenpferd weniger
emporbaomt als bei Enainetos. Mit besonderer Feinbeit ist die Nike
gezeichnet, bei der mehrfach die rechte Brust und das rechte Bein
vom Gewand entblosst bleibt. Die auf der Randleiste einst wohl
durcheangig vorhandene Aufecbrift KIMflN ist, dasiebeidemhohen
Relief vorzugsweise ausgesetzt war nur auf ganz vereinzelten
Stticken erhalten geblieben. Auf dem Tetradrachmon, dessen
Kopfseite die gleicne Arbeit zeigi wie das Dekadrachmon, ist
eine Kunstlerinschift nicht vorhanden. Wohl aber tragi seinen
Namen KIMHN und zwar wiederum auf dem Stirnband der mit
Recht so bewunderte Aretbusakopf in Vorderansicbt, Um das
Hochrelief wenigstens etwas vor Abnutzung zu bewahren, hat
man wie es scheint absichtlich breitere Metallstiicke angewen-
det, so findet sich noch ausserhalb des Perlkreises, welcher das
Miinzbild umschliesst, Raum fur die Umscbrilt APEOOIA rechts
und links vom Kopf werden theilweise von den Locken verdeckt
jederseits zwei Delphine sichtbar. Von den beiden hiermit verbun-
denen Kehrseitenstempelii tragt der eine mit den stark emporbaum-
enden Rossen den Namen KIMHN auf der Randleiste des Ab-
schnitts, der andere ohne Kunstlernamen lassc die Nike aufrecht
uber den Rossen schweben. "
"Zu den schonsten Miinzen des Alterthums", observes Prof.
Brunn, "gehoren die grossen Medaillons von Syrakus welche auf
der Hauptseite einen weiblichen Kopf nach links gewendet und von
vier Delphinen umgeben mit derlnschrift ZYPAKOZIflN zeigen.
Besonders elegant unter diesen sind wiederum diejenigen bei wel-
chen das Haar im Nacken in einem Netz gesammelt ist. Auf der
Ruckseite finden wir das gewobnliche Viergespann nach Hnks
gewendet mit der schwebenden Nike, welche dem Lenker eineti
Kranz entgegen bringt ; im, Abschnitt ist die Riistung eines
Hopliten gebildet, unter welcher in den besser erhaltenen Exempla-
ren die Inschrift AOAA stebt. "
BiBLiOGRAPiiY. — Arthur J, Evans, Syraciisan " MeilaUioiU " and llmr Engrav-
ers. London, 1S91. — B, V. Head, Coins of Sjraeuse, 1874. — B. V. Head,
rj,Goo'^lc
Brit. Mas. Cat. Sicily. 1876. — Raoul RocheHe, Lellre sur lei Graviun des mon-
naies grecquu. Paris, i8;i, — A. von Sallet, KmstUrimclmftm, &c., 1871. —
R. WeU, K&nstlerinsclirifUii auj siciUsdien Miiii^^ea. Berlin, 1884. — Du Chastel,
Syracuse, ses monnaies d'argent et d'or au point de we arlistiqtte. Londres, 1 898. —
Ad. Holm, Geschichte Siciliens im AUerlhum. Leipzig, 189B. — Bninn, Geschichte
der griechischen Kunstler. Stuttgart, 1899. — Hill, Coins of Ancient Sicily, 1902. —
L, Forrer, Les Signatures de Graveurssiir Us monnaies grecgms, Bruselles, 1905.
KIMAST, MICHAEL (Germ.'). Mint-official at Bernsiadt (Silesia),
1684.
KINDON (Brit.). Partner in the Die-sinking Establishment of
KEMPSON & KINDON, Token Manufacturers at Birmingham, in the
early part of the nineteenth century. Vide KEMPSOK suprd.
KINGDOM, ABRAHAM (Brit.). Malagasy Trader, who before the
French Occupation, issued, under Q.ueen Ranavalo, a Token cur-
rency for Madagascar, which was however stopped by the govern-
ment.
KINSBURGER, SYLVAIN (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Paris; pupil of Dumont, and Thomas. He is the author of a
number or Portrait-tTjedallions, which were exhibited in 1878,
1879, i88o, 1896, and later at the Salon. A Portrait-medal of
Santos- Dumont, 1901, is signed : J. KINSBURGER. At the Salon of
1904 he exhibited a frame containing various Portrait-medals and
Plaquettes. By him are also Portrait-plaquettes of L. Planel, violin-
ist; — A. Bertrand, engraver; — P. Lagrave, architect; —
G. Lemaire, gem-engraver, and others.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie'et Auvray. op, cii.
KIPLING-L0GKW0OD(-SnV:);. Contemporary Sculptor, and bro-
ther of the celebrated writer. He is the author of several Bas-
reliefs and Portrait-medallions, none of which have, as far as I
know, been cast in bronze or reduced to the form of medals.
KIRCHBACH (Germ.). Signed, as Designer, several medals publish-
ed by the Die-sinking Establishment of Oertel at Berlin; amongst
them a Medal of the International jElectrotechnic Exhibition at
Berlin, 1891.
KIRCHENHOFER, FRANZ IGNATIUS (Germ.). Warden of the Imper-
ial Mint atOppeln, 27. April 1673; died on 17. October 1685
(Slaalsarchiv). His initials occur on his issues, from 1673 to 1677,
and 1681 to 1683,
Bibliography. — Friedensburg, Sclilesische Mtmisludien.
KIRCHNER, SAMUEL (Germ.). Burger of Liegnitz; with Johann
Hoffmann he contracted to work the Mint at Schweldnitz,
L. Fo«»rK. — Bw^mfblral Nclicaof Mid:iUi>ls. — III, „
>stsd by Google
— l62 —
9, November 1621 ; the contract ended on 15. August 1623. The
coins of Schweidnilz of that period nearly all bear his initials K, S.
BiELioGHAPHY. — Friedensburg, Schksische Murqstudim.
KIRCHHOFEE, WOLFGfAMG (Austr.'). Mint-Councillor at Vienna,
1524-1526.
KIRCHNER, GEORG (G^J-m.). Mint-official at 6ls, 1676-1679.
KIRCHNER, JOHANM WII.HELM(G£mi.). Medallist, Wax-modeller,
and Ivory-carver of Cassel, 1773-1794. He was Mint-engraver there
from 1772, and Medallist to the Court from 1787, The Museum at
Cassel preserves works by hira. Some of his medals are reproduced
in fioffmeister's treatise on Hessian coins and medab.
KIRCHNER, JOHANN WllHELM (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Cassel,
circa 1827.
KIRCHNER, W. {Germ.). Medallist of the first halfof the nineteenth
century; he resided first at Berlin, but was at St. Petersburg in
1840. He executed amongst others the following Medals : Capture
of Er^eroum; — Third Centenary of the Augsburg Confession,
Festivities at Schweinfurt, with Portrait of the Landgrave Philip
of Hesse ; — Portrait-medal of the celebrated Chemist, Berzelius,
1830, &c.
KIRCHPICHLER, CHRISTOF {Austr.) Mmt-oiHcial (Hofpfenning-
meister) at Gratz, 1623.
KIRCHPDCHER, HIERONYMUS {Austr.). Mint-master at Klageu-
furt, 1526-1539 (i^) Under his term of office a Carinthian Quarter
Thaler, without date, was struck at that Mint; its ^L. inscription
is INF . HISP A . ARCHIDVX . CARIN . D . BV .
Bibliography. — J. Ncntwicli, Sdtene ailevreichische VicrteJtImier, 189;.
KIRK, A. (Brit.). Probably a brother of John Kirk, and also a
Medallist. Ho died in 1761 or thereabout. His workshop was in
St. Paul's Churchyard. By him are : 1745. The Rebels repulsed by
the Dulfe ot Cumberland (obv. only, signed A. KIRK P.); — I745-
Another, on the same event (obv. only); — 1746. Battle ot
CuUoden (^, only) ; — 1746. Another, on the same event (en-
tirely by A. Kirk), &c.
A. Kirk worked in conjunction with John Kirk.
Bibliography. ^Bolzentbal, op. cit. — Franks and Grueber, Medallic Illuslrit-
liom, &c.
KIRK, JOHN (Brit.). A London Medallist and Gem-engraver of the
second half of the eighteenth century, born in 1724, by whom
are a number of medals and medaiets. He was a pupil of James Anthony
lo.tedo/GoOf^lc
- i63 -
Dassier, and received prcrniums from the Society of Arts. With
A. Kirk he lived in St. Paul's Churchyard, where he died on the
27"' of November 1776. His signature occurs as : I. KIRK F. ; —
KIRK ; — KIRK FEC. ; -- I, KIRK ; — KIRK TEC.
John Kirk's best known works are : Medals. Edward VI.,
Christ's Hospital's Medalet ; — Prize Medal of St. Saviour's
School, Soutliwark; — Medal of the Order of Shakespearians,
1777; — Sir Hugh Myddelron, -(■ 1631 (a modern production
attributed to Kidc by Franks and Grueber) ; — Inigo Jones, -f 1652
(" This piece is well executed, as a study, by John Kirk, who
afterwards attained considerable eminence ") ; — Elizabeth Cley-
pole, "i" 1658 (2 var.); — Cromwell, f 1658; -— John Milton,
■f 1674 ' — Bishop Berkeley's Premium Medal ; — 1740. Portrait-
medal of George II. (signed : I. KIRK. F. AETATE. 16.) Mr. Grueber
observes ; " This is one of the earliest known works of John Kirk.
Capture of Louisburg, 1758.
It was executed probably as a trial of his proficiency about the year
1740, when the young head ceased to appear upon the coinage of
George II. ; — Sir John Barnard, 1744 ; — Recapture of Prague,
1744, with Bust of Prince Charles of Lorraine (3 var.); — Capture
of the Spanish ships, the Marquis d'Antiii and the Lewis Erasmus,
1745 ; — Medal of the Loyal Association, 1745 (signed : I. KIRK
F. ST. PAUL'S CHURCH-YARD) ; — Repulse of the Rebels by the
Duke of Cumberland, 1745 (^L. only; 2 varieties); — Others,
on the same event (2 var.); — ■ Battle of CuUoden, 1746; —
Another, on the same event (obv. only); — Medal of the
Tuesday Club of Annapolis ; — George 11. and the Duke of Cum-
berland, a counter (several varieties) ; — Frederick and Augusta,
Prince and Princess of Wales, a counter ; — William Duke of Cum-
berland (3 var. of Counters) ; - — Augusta, Princess of Wales, a
series of Counters unsigned (Med. III., pp. 623-626, n"* 299-310);
— William, Prince of Orange, Stadholder, 1747; — Peace of
Aix-la-Chapelle, proclaimed, 2. Feb. 1749 (2 var. ; one unsigned);
,,Goot^lc
— 164 —
— Death of Frederick, Prince of Wales, 1751 ; — Free Britisn
Fishery Society, 1751; — Louisburg taken, 1758 (illustrated); —
Battle of Minden, 1759 ; — Death ot General Wolfe, 1759 (from a
wax model by Gosset, illustrated. Vol. II, p. joi); — George II,,
George UL, 0
Portrait-tnedalet, 1760; — Accession of George III., Oct. 26,
1760 (illustrated); — John Murray, Third Duke of Atliol,
1774 ; — William Murray, Earl of Mansfield, 1777 (from a model
by Gosset) ; — Prize Medal of the Dumfries Society for Encour-
agement of Agriculture, 1776; — Tribute to David Garrick,
1772; — ■ Memorial Medal of David Garrick, 1773; — David
Garrick's retirement, 1776; — Memorial Medal of the Marquis ot
Marquis of Graiiby, Memoi-ial Medal, by J. Kirk.
(^ of actual size).
Granby, 1774 (illustrated); — John Harrison, The Armagh
Library founded, 1771 (after Tassie); — Benjamin Hoadlcy,
Bishop of Winchester, 1676-1761, Memorial Medal, 1761 ; —
Henry, Second Earl Bathurst, 1714-1794; — Erection of the New
Hall of the Six Clerks' Office, 1776 (after Gosset) ; — The Earl of
Camden appointed Lord Chancellor, 1766 (i var.); — Memorial
Medal of Lord Camden, 1773; — William Pitt, First Earl of
Chatham, Memorial Medal, 1778 ; — Marriage of George III. with
Queen Charlotte, 8. September, and Coronation, 22. September,
./Google
- i6s -
1761 ; — To the Immortality of the Order of Free Masons, Lon-
don, 1766; — William Beckford; — -Frederick, Baron North, First
Lord ofthe Treasury, 1776 (?) (after Gosset) ; — Various Prize
Medals, &c. ; — Medical Society of London, 1773 ; — Linnaeus ;
&c.; The Grafton Medal, 1788; — Hugh Percy, Duke of Nor-
thumberland, 1766 (2 var.); — Church and State Medal, 1774;
— Gems. Copy of Marchant's bust of Susanna, after the statue by
Flamingo; — Bust of George IL ; — Bust of George IIL ; —
Prince Ernest of Mecklenburg ; — Mrs Claypole; — Gosset, the
famous modeller in wax ; — Sir Joshua Reynolds, 1773 ; — Lord
Chancellor York; — Female head, a study, after Tassie, &c.
There is also a large series ot medalets (in silver and in bronze)
bearing portraits of distinguished persons.
Amongst the Tassie Gems there is one representing a Female
portrait, taken from a medallion engraved by Kirk.
Bibliography. — Bolzenlhal, op. cit. — Franks and Grueber, MedalUc Illustra-
tions of the History of Great Britain and Ireland. London, 1885. — Cochran-
Patrick, Medals of Scotland. Edinburgh, 1885. — H. A. Grueber, Guide to the
Exhibition of English Medals, 1891. — Marvin, Masonic Medals. Boston, 1880. —
Belts, American Colonial History illustrated by Contemporary Medals. New York,
1894. — Leroux, MddailUer in Canada.
KIRKYN, GEORGE (Brit.'). Mint-master in conjunction with Lotto
Nicholyn, of Florence, under Edward IIL, anno 17.
KIRKWOOD, ALEXANDER (Brit.). Medallist of the second and
third quarters of the nineteenth century, who resided at Edin-
burgh, where he died on the 6. August,*i879, at the age of seventy-
five, having been born on the 23, August, 1S04,
From Cochran-Patrick, we learn that he is the author of the
following medals : Montrose Medal of Merit (signed : A. KIRK-
WOOD); — Medals ofthe Royal Scottish Society of Arts (2 var.);
— Medal of the Photographic Society of Scotland (^. only); —
Medal of the Ayrshire Agricultural Association ; — Medals of the
Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland, etc.
Alexander Kirkwood was the chief partner of the firm of KIRK-
WOOD & SON, which is now represented by his son, A. KIRKWOOD.
KIRKWOOD, A. {Brit.). Son of the last, and head of the firm of
Edinburgh Die-sinkers, KIRKWOOD & SON. He cut a number of
medal-dies, some of which are described in Cochran-Patrick's
Medals of Scotland : Alexander Kirkwood Sen'., 1804-1879 ; —
Agricultural Medals (several varieties; some signed : ALES. KIRK-
WOOD; others KIRKWOOD & SOW); — Montrose Medal of Merit;
— Medals of the Royal Caledonian Club, and others which I shall
enumerate under the heading of KIRKWOOD & SON.
,stsd by Google
KIRKWOOD, HENRY A. (Bi!l,). Brother of Alexander Kirkwood
Sen', and also .i Mel li :, ■ ■ ■ irked at Edinburgh during the
Walt, by Heiiry Kirkwood.
second half o! the nineteenth century. He produced many intagli
and cainei in stone, and was also a Wood-engraver, but was perma-
nently invalided, says Cochran-Patrick, from mental strain, in 1856.
His signature H^ K. occurs on a medal struck for the Watt Club in
Greenock, and bears a bust of James Watt.
KIRKWOOD & SON (,Brit.\ This firm has long been connected
with medallic work in Edinburgh. The great-grandfather of the
present representative and his grandfather were both well-known
engravers ". (Cochran-PaJrick, Medals of Scotland, p. 268).
Henry Kirkwood, the author of the Watt Medal, and his brother,
Alexander, 1S04-1S79, are the best known Medallists of the
family.
The signature KIRKWOOD & SON or A. KIRKWOOD & SDH to which
is added sometimes EDINR, occurs on the following medals enumer-
ated by Cochran-Patrick: Alexander Kirkwood Sen', 1804-1879;
— The Robert Wilson Memorial Prize; — Medal of George
Heriot's Hospital ; — Opening of St. Giles Church, Edinburgh,
1883 ; — Visit of the Queen and Prince Consort to Edinburgh,
1842; —Medal of the Photographic Society of Scotland ; — Medal
of the Royal Caledonian Horticultural Society; — Medal of the
Scottish Society for the Prevention of cruelty to Animals; —
Medal of the University of Aberdeen, 1884; — Unveiling of the
TannahiU Statue, Paisley, 1883 (signed : K & S); — Jubilee of
the Caledonian Youths' Society, Musselburgh, 1877; — Medal of
the Caithness Industrial Exhibition, 1868; — Medal of the Argyll-
shire Gathering ; — Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland,
1884 (several varieties) ; — Montrose Medal of Merit; — Medals
>sted by Google
- i67-
of the Royal Caledonian Club, with curling scenes (sev. var.) ; —
— The " George Glennie " Golf Medal (3 var.) ; — Medal for
Winners at the Game of Quoiis; — Volunteer Medals (sev. var.) ;
— Dog Show at Frankfort-on-Main, 1878 ; — 700"" Anniversary of
the Mayoralty of London, 1889; —Min to House School of Medicine,
Edinburgh ; — Surgeons' Hal! School of Medicine, Edinburgh ;
— School of Medicine, Edinburgh ; — D'' Sir Geo, H. B. Macleod,
Glasgow; — Medical college for Women at Edinburgh; —
Marshall St. School of Medicine, — Medical Dept., Victoria
wing, Edinburgh Hospital ; — Medal of the Dobbie-Smith
wings at Edinburgh and Glasgow Medical Schools; — Bathgate
Medal; — Princess Charlotte, and others.
Bibliography. — R. W. Cochran-Patrick, Catalogtte of the Medals of Scotland,
Edinburgh, 1894. — C. Welch, Nuniismata Londimtisia, 1894,
KIRSCHBADM, NIKOLADS (Austr.). Assistant Mint-engraver at
Vienna, 1845.
KIRSCHNER. PHILIP (Germ.). Goldsmith and Mint-engraver at
Weikersheim, 1623-1624.
KIRSTEIN, FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Sculptor of the first half of the
nineteenth century, who resided at Strassburg, He is the author,
amongst others, of Silver medallions representing various subjects,
one of which is Christ and the Samaritan woman at the well of
Sychar, all chased and repouss^ work. He exhibited at the Paris
Salon between 1810 and 1834, and by him are also the following
medals : Oberlin ; — Erwin de Sceinbach ; — J. Sturm, first rector
of the Academy of Strassburg; — General Meeting of Musical
societies of Alsace, 1830, &c.
Bibliography. — Chavigoerie et Auvray, op. cit. — J. Florange, Catalogue de
la Colledion de M. A***, 16-18 Janvier /^oj.
KIRSTEIN, FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Son of the last; Sculptor of
Strassburg, where he was born. By him is a Portrait-medallion of
Benjamin Constant, and various Bas-reliefs, in chased and repoussi
work. One of his Bas-reliefs in marble, representing Christ blessing
the Children was executed for Strassburg Cathedral, 1842.
BiBLiOGRArHY. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit.
KISCH, &.(Belg.). A Brussels Die-sinker, who in 1876 issued a
commemorative medal of the Health Exposition at Brussels, in that
year (in Boston Coll").
KISSELS, HENNIG (Germ.). Mint-master at Mayence, 1609-
1614 (?)
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KISSING (Auslr.~). Contemporary Medallisr, by whom I have seen
a commemorative medal of Kosduszko, 1894.
KISSLING, RICHARD (Szuiss). Sculptor, born at Wolfwyl, canton
Solothnrn, 1848; author of the William Tell Monument at Altorf.
His initials R. K. appear on the medal struck by F, Romberg on the
Dedication of the Tell Monument at Altorf in 1895.
KIST, TEUWIS (Dutch.'). Mint-master at MedembUk and Hoorn,
1741-1761 ; privy mark, a cock.
KIT (Belg.). Die-sinker of Antwerp. His signature occurs on the
!^. of a medal of the Society of Pharmacy, Antwerp, 1858.
KITTEL, GEORG WILHELM {Germ.). Medallist, born at Breslau in
1694, where he died in 1769. His productions are usually signed
GWK or H. Amongst his best known works are : Deach of King
Charles VI., 1740 ; — Death of the Emperor Charles VII., 1745 ; —
Bohemian Coronation of Maria Tiieresia, 1743 (2 var.); — relief of
Prague, 1743; — Thalers and Half Thalers of Charles VI. ; —
Thalers of Frederick II. for Silesia; — - The Famine of 1736; —
End of the Famine, 1737 (3 var,); — The severe Winter of
1739/40; — jubilee of the Discovery of Printing, 1740 ; — Death
of Charles VI., r74o(signed : G. W. KITTEL) ; — Silesia mourning
for Charles VI., 1741 ; — Battle of Mollwitz, 1741; — Siege ot
Breslau, 1741 ; — Portrait-medal of Frederick II. and his Consort,
■ — Queen Elizabeth Christina, 1741 ; — Battle of Chotusitz, 1742
(3 var.) ; — Preliminaries of the Peace of Breslau, 1742 (2 var.);
— Recapture of Prague, 1743 (2 var.); — The Comet of 1744; —
Marriage of Luise Ulrika of Prussia with Adolph Frederick of
Sweden, 1744; — Taking of Prague, 1744 (2 var.); — Battle of
Hohenlriedeberg, 1745 (4 var.); — The Great Draught in Silesia,
1746; — Foundation of the Reformed Church at Breslau, 1747
(2 var.); — - Plague of Grasshoppers in Silesia, 1748; — Explosion
of Breslau Arsenal, 1749; — Dedication of the Reformed Church
at Breslau, 1750 ; — Zinzendorf, and the Community of Moravian
Brethren, 1750; — Jubilee ot the Church of Peace at Jauer, 1755 ;
— Coronation Medal of Frederick II. (Breslau), 1741, etc.
Bibliography. — Bolzenthal, o/j. cit. — Friedensburg und Seger, SchUdem
Munim iitid Medailkn der neueren Zeit, Breslau, 1901. — Kirrais, op, cit. — Iversen,
op. cit. — Hildebrand, op. cit. — Schlisiem Forpit, &c. VII.
KITTEl, JOHANN (Germ.). Medallist of Breslau, born at Namslau
in 1656, died on the 25. November 1740. The earliest medals on
which his monogram appears (K. or I, K.) are dated 1 68 1 , and from
that date until his death he executed numerous medals commemor-
ating events in Saxon history as well as personal medals. I could
,/Goo(^[c
- 16, -
only find descriptions of the following : Bombardment of Belgrade,
1688 ; — Religious Medals (for Christening, Marriage, etc. ceremo-
nies ; also commemorative of Pence festivities) ; — Johann Hartwig,
Count of Nostitz; — Medal of 1690, with busts of Leopold, Joseph,
and the Empress; — Siege of Vienna, 1683 (^. Medal); — Peace of
Ryswick, 1697 ; — Undated Thaler, with bust of Frederick II. ; — ■
Death of Caspar Neumann, 1715; — Coronation of Frederick I.
King of Prussia, 1701 ; — Times of Distress, 1702 (2 var.); —
— Alms Medal, 1704; — Accession of Joseph I., 1705; —
Satirical Medal on the New Century, 1700 ; ~ Battle of
Ramillies and Relief of Barcelona, 1706; — Capture of Naples,
1707; — End of the Plague at Breslau, 17 14 (2 var.); — Baptism
of Archduke Leopold, 1716 ; —Trial of the Coining- Press invented
by Daniel Cracau, 1717; — Coronation of Charies VI., 1723 ; —
Inauguration of the Evangelical Church at Gross- Wartenberg, 1736 ;
— Water Famine (2 var.) ; ■ — Queen Elizabeth Christina of
Prussia; — Coronation of Charles VI., 1711 ; — Memorial Medal
of Leopold I. ; ■ — Siege of Azow, 1696 ; — Peace of Carlowitz,
1696; — Coronation Jeton of Catherine I., &c. It is however
somewhat doubtful whether the Russian medals signed I. K. are
by Kittel.
Bibliography. — As above.
KITTEL, JOHANN' GOTTLIEB (Germ.). Medallist of Breslau, son of
johann Kittel, and brother of Georg Wilhehn, was born in 1688
and died in 1727, only 39 years old. His productions are usually
signed JGH. These initials occur on a Thaler of 1714; — Johann
Andreas Baron von Plencken, Chancellor of Silesia, 1718; —Thaler
on his Jubilee, &c.
Some of the medals engraved by the Kittels are described in
Kundmann's " Heimsuchungen " ; a few were designed by the cele-
brated Caspar Neumann. Many being unsigned, it is impossible to
attribute them correctly.
BiBLIOGHAPHY, — As (iboVS.
KITTEL, JOSEF (^Auslr.\ Die-sinker of Vienna, whose signature I
have met with on medals commemorating the Marriage of the
Archduke Rudolph of Austria with Crown Princess Stephanie of
Belgium, 18S1.
KITTNER VON PERCHAIMB, JOHANN JACOB {Bohem.'). Royal Mint-
master at joachimsthal, 1650-1668. His distinctive mark, a crown,
occurs on Thalers, Fimfzehners and Kreutzers of that period, struck
at the Mint of Joachimsthal.
Bibliography, — Fiala, Beschreibiing der Sammlung Bohmiicher MUn^en itnd
M«rfni«eH, Prag, 1888.
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KITZIN, MARCUS (Germ.). Mint
KITZKATZ, RUPRECHT mCLkS (Germ.). Medallist and Coin-engrav-
er at Dresden, circa 1615-1633. His name has been discovered by
Treble ' _ „ ,. )y Kitjikatz.
Julius and Albert Erbstein, who have shown that the monogram
P^ stands for Kitzkatz, and not Rull, as given by Schlickeysen.
To this Engraver, the compilers of the Engelhardt Catalogue
have attributed the following pieces : Christmas Coins, 1617, issued
,/Goo(^[<
c
byPrince Elector John George IT. in honour of liis mother, Sophia;
I" type, with legends : VT SALOMON SIC EGO MATREM
— MATERNIS PRECIBVS NIHIL FORTIVS, Dickthaler, Half
Thaler, Small Dickthaler, and Ortsthalers (2 var.) ; IH type, with
legends: HONOREM HABEBIS MATRI OMNIB.DIEB. VITAE
EL— DITANT VOTA MATERNA, Dicktlialers (4 var.), Half
Thalers (3 var.), Ortsthalers (3 var.); — Broad Treble Thaler of
1626, with Kitzkatz'.s monogram, obv. John George I. on horse-
hack ; issued under the Mint-master Hans Jacob whose initials
appear on the ^L. (illustrated); — Medal of John George I., obv.
PRO LEGE-ET GREGE. The Prince-Elector on horseback,
to r. ^. D : G : lOH : GEOR : DVX SAX IVL : CL : ET
MO : ELEC. Helmeted shield of arms; — Another, similar, but
dated 1624; — Another, similar, of 1626, with the motto:
SCOPVS VIT^ ME^ CHRISTVS; — Medal of 1617 presented by
John George I. to his Comicillors, on his Birthday, 5. March, obv.
SITIVIT IN TE ANIMA MEA. Stag drinking at a well in front of
tree ^. DONVM ] SERENISS : PRIN : &c. ; ~ Small Medal of
1620 on the Beginning of the Saxon campaign against Lausitz and
Silesia; — Medal of 1624 on the Convention of Schleusing or
Upper Saxon " Kreistag " at Jiiterbogk; obv. PRO LEGE ET
GREGE John George I. on horseback !^, Shield of arms; —
Medal on the " Kreistag " of Upper Saxony, 1626, obv. SCOPVS
VIT^ ME^CHRISTVS— 1626. The Prince-Elector on horseback;
— Medal of 1632 on the Battle of Liitzen, and Death of Gustavus
Adoiphus of Sweden ; obv. Bust of Gustavus Adolphtis 1^. STANS
ACIE PUGNANS VINCENS MORIENSQUE TRIUMPHAT, &c.
Sword crowned, adorned with laurel and palm-branciies.
Bibliography. — Julius und Albert Erbstein, Erofletungen auf dim Gebiete der
Sdchdschen MUnti-und Medaillen-Geschichtc bei Ver^eicbmmg d(r Hofrath Engel-
hardfsdien Sammhng, Dresden, 1888.
KITZMAHL, CHRISTOPH (Germ.). Also called Kitimagl. Gold-
smith and Seal-engraver at Munich, 1575; produced work for
Duke Ferdinand. In 1583, he is mentioned again as a Goldsmith.
Bibliography. — - J. V. Kiill, Aus hayerhchin Archiven, Mitthcilungen der
Bayerischen Numismatiicheii Gesellschaft, 1900.
K. K. Vide JOHANN BEBNHARD KERH and PETER A. KOLB at
Schwabach.
K. K. Vide KILIAN KOCH. Counter-manufacturer at Nuremberg,
sixteenth century.
K. L. Vide JOHANR ANTON DAVID KLINGHAMMER. Die-sinker at
Hildburghausen, 1760, and Eisenach, i-]&'^-(-').
K. L. Vide KONRAD LAHGE. Medallist at Vienna, 1840 — f 1856.
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KLAEHREN, HEINRICH VON DER (Germ.). Mint-master at Lubeck,
1619-1630. Distinctive mark : sun.
KLAGMANN, JEAN BAPTISTE JULES (French). Sculptor, and Medal-
list, born at Paris on the i. April i8ro, where he died on the
18. January 1867. Pupil of the Ecole des 15eaus-Arts, Feuchfere, and
Ramey Jun'. He has executed numerous Portrait-medallions in clay
and bronze : Dante Alighieri; — Machiavel ; ■ — Lord Byron; —
Shakespeare; — Pierre Corneille; — Prosper Gothi, dramatic
artist, &c. At the Salon of 1845, he exhibited three medals.
His works of sculpture are numerous and some are important; he
also executed models for English gold-and silversmiths' work.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit. — Miller & Singer, op. cit.
KLAGMANN, HEINRICH (Bohem.). Mint-warden at Prague, 1696.
KLAUS {Swiss) i6i6-r636. Mint-warden at Lucerne. He struck
the Students' Prize Medals, issued at this period, at Lucerne,
KLAUSER, CHRISTOPH (Swiss). Mint-master at Lucerne, 1575;
he came from Zurich.
KLAUSING (Dutch). This signature is found on a med;il struck to
commemorate the inauguration of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts
at Amsterdam, 1820.
KLAUSNITZ, GEORG (Germ.). Mint-worker at Breslau, 1683.
KAH (Greek). This signature, which M. Michel P. Vlasto ascribes
to an Engraver, occurs m the present form, or abbreviated, in KA,
on Tarentine coins of the end of Evans' fifth Period and beginning
of the sixth, area 320-300.
1. M. Stater. Obv. Head of young Herakles wearing lion's
skin .
^. Taras nude on biga to r., holding trident ; in the field, dol-
phin, star of eight rays, and KAH-
Weight ; 8.58 gr. — Vlasto, Journ. int. d'arch. num.,
1901, PI. G' 4.
The following Didrachms might also belong to this Artist :
2. M.. Didrachm. Obv. Naked horseman, galloping to r., hold-
ing reins with both hands; behind, EY ; beneath, AP12TIA2.
^L. TAPAZ, naked, seated on dolphin to 1., holding bunch of
grapes and distaff; below, KAH.
Weight : 7.75 gr. — B. M. Cat., Italy, p. 176, n° 120.
— Evans, p. 135, Period VI, E, 2.
3. JR.. Didrachm. Obv. Helnieted horseman lancing down-
wards ; beneath horse, API ; above and in field EPA.
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„ 173 —
^. Taras astride on dolphin, holding o;ir in 1. hand with r.
extending kantharos; in field to 1. KA.
Evans, Horsemen Sec, p. 103, n" 20.
4. M.. Didrachm. Obv. Similar; I in field to r. ; beneath horse,
API.
^. Similar ; KA in field to 1. ; beneath, EPA.
Evans, op. at., p. 103, n° 21. — Car. CX, 134.
5. .R. Didrachm. Obv. Similar, with H. ^. Without ERA.
B. M. Cat., p. 188,0" 204.
6. J^. Didrachm. Obv. Similar; horseman not helmeced ; he
carries a shield; behind, Zl ; beneath, OIAOKAHZ.
Bi.. Similar; Taras holds wreath in r. ; beneath, KA.
B. M. Cat., p. t88, n" 206. — Car. CXIV, 205.
This same signature, observes M. Vlasto, occurs again on rare
silver staters (?) of greatly reduced weight, struck at Tarentum
under the occupation of Hannibal, associated with the magistrate's
signature 1HPAMB02' but their fabric and late style preclude any
possibility of connection between the two KAH.
For my own part, I feel rather reluctant to share M. Vlasto's
view in considering KAH as an Engraver, although I know that
Dr. Arthur Evans considers the signature EY (and others) which
occur at the same period as those of Die-sinkers, and points out
" that the very grossness of the features that characterize the coins
signed EY proclaims identity of handiwork".
Bibliography. ■
d'.irclitelogie num
KLEEBERG, AUGUST {Austr.). Contemporary Medallist, residing
at Vienna, where since 1864 he has executed a number of Personal
and Commemorative medals. He died towards the end of last
century. Amongst these I have noticed ; Assassination of Maximi-
lian I,, Emperor of Mexico, 1867 (2 var.); ■ — ■ The Empress Eliza-
beth of Austria nursing the sick during the war, 1866; ^Centen-
ary Commemoration of the Palatine Archduke Joseph, 1876; —
Hungarian Coronation of the Emperor Francis Joseph and Empress
Elizabeth, 1866 (4 var.); — Inauguration of the Monument to
Field Marshal Prince Schwarzenberg, 1867; — Federal Choral
Festival of Lower Austria, at Wiener Neustadt, 1864.
The following information respecting Kleeberg has been kindly
favoured by Messrs Bruder Egger of Vienna :
" Wir wissen nur das Kleeberg eigentlich Graveur und Goldar-
beiter war, und die Hersteliung von Medaillen entweder gar nicht
oder nur nebensSchhch betrieben hat, indem er Medaillen von
anderen arbeiten lies, und nur seinen Namen darunter setzte; z.B.
hat Scharff wiederholt erzablt, dass eine Medaille mit dem Kopfe
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— 174 —
Richard Wagner's auf die Bayreutlier Festspiele ini Jahre 1876 von
ihm auf Bestellung des Kleeberg angetertigt wurde, und auch die
Initialen A. K. auf derselben vorkommcn.
" Diese Medailte ist besclirieben im Katalog der Ausstellung von
Miinzen und Medaillen aus der Regierungszeit Kaiser Franz
Josef I, veranstaltet von der Numismatischen-Gesellschaft in Wien
im Jahre 1888, unterNr, 1946.
" Kleeberg war in letzter Zeit bei einer hiesigen Gold und Silber-
fabrik Markowisch & Scheid als Werkfiihrer angestellt. "
Bibliography. — Betts, Imperial Coinage of Mexico, 1899. — MUlheilungen des
Clubs der Miini-und Medaillefifreunde in Wien, 1890-1900.
KLEIN (G^rm.). Medallist, who worked at Breslau, circa 1755-
1762. Friedensburg, Mun:^eschichte Schlesiens, remarks : "In the
middle years of the eighteenth century, a Die-sinker of the name of
Klein was working at Breslau, and signed in full a rare medal of
1762 on the Battle of Freiberg (Peace of Hamburg between Sweden
and Prussia). I have however been unable to obtain any other infor-
mation about him, and do not know whether he perliaps also signed
Silesian medals with a K only. He may have been the Court Gold-
smith, Daniel Klein, or Tobias Klein, Assayer at the Breslau Mint,
1736-1741-"
Bibliography. — Fridensburg, op. oil. — Hildebrand, op. cit.
KLEIN, HANS (Germ.). Bavarian Mint-warden at Ratisbon, 1615-
1623, and Bayreuth, 163}.
KLEIN, HANS (^Germ.). Mint-master at Rostock, 1614-15 and
1621-22.
KLEIN, MICHAEL (Germ.). Mint-warden at Mergentlieim, 1535.
KLEIN, PETER, PROF. {Auslr.). Designer of a medal of Pope
Leo XIII., engraved by Leisek, 1893.
KLEINER, MICHAEL (Germ.'). Mint-master at St. Petersburg,
1808-1809, Kolpin, 1810, and Ischora, 1810-1811. He signed his
issues M. K.
KLEINERT, FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Born at Bartenstein (Prussia),
1633 ; Silversmith and Coin-dealer at Nuremberg, where he died
in 1714, eighty-one years old. He edited a number of medals, which
are signed F. K., and was the first in Germany to give his medals,
by machinery, a sharp, clearly cut, raised edge, also to inscribe the
edges, which was his own speciality. In conjunction with Lazarus
Gottlieb Lauffer, Chief-warden of the mint at Nuremberg, and
Caspar Gottlieb Lauffer (q. v.) he issued a large series of historical
medals, some of which have reference to England, as the following :
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— 175 —
Coronation of William III., 1689; — Security of Britain, 1689; —
Toleration Act, 1689 ; — Death of Schomberg; — ■ Congress of the
Allies, February 1691 ; — Battle of La Hogue, 1692 (3 types); — ■
The French Coast bombarded, Sept. 1694; — Campaign of 1694;
— Casale taken and the security of Italy restored, 1695 ; — Namur
retaken, 1695; — Battle ot Blenheim, 1704; — British Victories,
1704; — Barcelona relieved and Conquest of Brabant, 1706, &c.
Most of these medals were engraved by Philipp Heinrich MuUer.
Kleinert's signature F. K. occurs also on the following medals ;
Recapture of Belgrade from the Turks, r688; — Bombardment
of Belgrade, 1688, and many others, which will be found described
under the names of their respective Engravers,
Fide under LAUFFER a fairly complete list 01 the medals issued by
Lazarus Gottlieb, Caspar Gottlieb Lauffer and F. Kleinert, with the
collaboration of P. H, Miiller, M. Brunner, and other engravers.
Bibliography. — Bohenthal, op. cil. — Amnion, op, cU. — Franks & Grueber,
MedalUc IlluUrations &c. — Numophyl. Burckh., P. H. — Kohler, Mi'u!:(bdustiguti-
^m &c. — Doppelmayr, Hisiorische Nachricht von NUrnbergisclien Malhetnaticis und
Kilns llern.
KLEIHHANS, CHRISTOPH (G«-m.). Mint-official at Greiz, 1621;
he may have cut dies for Pattern Groschen of Albrecht Gunther of
Schwarzburg, He was a native of Ilmenau.
Bibliography. — E. Fischer, Die Miinim des Hames Schwarzburg, Heidelberg,
1904.
KLEIKSCHMIDT, WILHELM (Germ.). Mint-master at Hildburg-
hausen, 17 60-1770. He is also described as a Die-sinker. His initials
W. K. occur on a Conventions Thaler of Ernest Frederick Karl of
Saxe-Hildburghausen, on the Peace of Hubertsburg, 1763.
ELEINSTEUBER, C. G. (Germ.). Mint-engineer at Berlin, born
Nov. 14, 1773, at Weimar. He was at first a manufacturer of musical
instrnments, but in 1813 he set up a workshop for the construc-
tion of machinery for the Berlin Mint. He improved the coining-
press and invented several new [ools. The English Government
acquired one of Kleinsieuber's presses, which he himseh installed at
the London Mint. He died 8. Nov. 1834. There is a Portrait-
medal of him by Brandt.
KLEINSTEDBER, ERNST {Germ.'). Mint-master at Gotha, 1828-
1838; died in 1845. His initials occur on coins of Duke Ernest of
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha ; I have noticed a K on a Thaler of 1729 of that
Ruler.
KLEMENT, KA.TSS (Bohem.). Die-cutter at the Mint of Kutienberg,
1599. A die of 1634 for Bohemian Groschen (Dreikreuzerers) is
attributed to him.
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KLEMMER, SIEGMUND (Austr.). Miiit-w.irden at Vienna, 1765-
1776; was in office at Kreinincz in 1779. His issues are usually
signed S. K.
KLEON (KAEflNOZ). Gem-engraver of the first century A. D. By
liim is a beautiful head of Amazon and other works (^J>ide Furtwan-
gler, Aniike Gemmen, 1902, PL lxi, 37).
KLENTSCHY (Swiss). An Engraver, who worked at Chaux-de-
Fouds in the third quarter of the nineteenth century. He was a
pupil of Fritz Jeanneret. At the Chaux-de-Fonds Municipal Museum
I have seen two medals or medallions by him, of good work.
KLEODOROS (Greek). Coin-engraver of the beginning of the
fourth century B. C. whose signature occurs on Didrachms of
Velia, often associated with that of another Velian Artist of the
same period; Pliihstionos.
Kleodoros signed some of his productions KAEYAHPOY, others
with the monogram KAEY. <. They belong to the finest issues of
Velia.
Raoul Rochette had already noticed this Engraver's signature and
reproduced the charming coin described below, which ranks very
high as an artistic work.
I. JR^. Didrachm. Obv. Kead of Pailas, nearly facing, in winged
Phrygian helmet, the front of which is inscribed : KAEYAOPOY;
hair long. ; neck adorned with necklace.
56. Lion to 1. devouring prey; in exergue : YEAHTflN;
between the lion's hind legs, >C : plain border,
B. M. Cat., Italy, p. 311, n" 70. — Gardner, Types of
Greek Coins, PI. v, n" 41, — Car. CXL, 50. — Raoul-Ro-
chette, op.cit.,Fl.m, 21. — Macdonald, Hunterian Catalogue,
i, PI. viii, 16.
2. J^. Didrachm. Obv: Head of Pallas to r. , wearing crested
Athenian helmet, on which olive-vreath with fruit; ends of hair
loose; behind, •£.
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^L. YEAHTflN; (in ex.). Lion to !., bead turned back, 1. fore-
foot on ram's head ; beneath, =E : plain border.
Macdonald, op. cit., I, Pi. viii, 15.
3. J^. Didracbm. Obv. Head of Pallas to 1., wearing crested
Athenian helmet, on which, griffin ; flap of helmet, plain; behind,
m ^
^. YEAHTflN. Lion walking to 1. ; above, <t> ; beneath, >E :
plain border.
B. M.Cat., Italy, p. 310, n- 60. -- Car. N.LV.T.
cxxxvn, 21.
4. jR. Didracbm. Obv. Similar.
iji.. Same inscription. Lion running to 1.; beneath, >E : plain
border.
B. M.Cat., op. cit., n" 61.
5. Jit-, Didracbm Obv. Head of Pallas to I., wearing Phrygian
helmet, on which female Centaur, with drapery over 1. arm, flap
ornamented; behind, »E.
'^L. YEAHTflN. Lion seizing stag to r. ; *l : border of dots.
B. M.Cat., op. cit., n" 73. — ■ Car. cxLir, 67.
6. JB^. Didracbm. Obv. Similar.
&m
^L. YEAHTON (in ex.). Lion to !., devouring prey, held with
, fore-paw; above, A ; beneath, E : plain border.
B. M.Cat., op. cit., n" 74. —Car. cxli, 58 var.
L. FOUSBB. — Bkgmpl^iail Noliis! of MtlnlliiH. —III. li
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— 178 —
7- j^. Didraclim. Similar, with flap of helmet plain, and 3= -
B.M.Cat., op. cit., n°75.
8. M,. Didrachm. Similar, with ornamented flap. 1^. Similar;
bur above lion, 0; beneath, >£.
B.M.Cat., op. cit., n" 76. ■ — Car. cxli, 59 var.
9. jR. Didrachm. Obv. Similar, but flap more ornamented, and
;^. Similar; but above. *E; beneath, Q.
B.M.Cat., (i/>. a'i., n" 77.
ro, M.. Didrachm. Obv. Similar, but flap plain, and E.
^. Similar; no monogram above.
B. M. Cat. cft.V//., n" ;S var.
^
11. jR. Didrachm. Obv. Similar. I^i. Similar, but inscription
on raised band; above, <t) ; beneath, >E.
B.M.Cat., o£, «'/. J n° 79.
12. jR. Didrachm. Obv. Similar, with3<.I^. Similar, but inscrip-
tion as usual; no letter above; beneath, A.
Macdonald, op. cit., I, p. 117, n" 67.
A number of other smaller varieties exist.
" Kleodoros," saysVonSallet in Kunsthrinschriflm,&.c. " scheint
ein sicherer Kiinstler name und steht auf den jetzt nicht mehr
seltenen Didrachmen von Velia mit dem Pallaskopfe von vorn,
oben im Helme auf den Riickseiten dieser und auf Haupt- und
Ruckseiten anderer Didrachmen Shnlichen Stils, aber mit dem
Pallaskopfe linkshin, findet sich das vielleicht nicht mit Unrecht
auch auf den Stempelschneider Kleudoros gedeutete Monogram =E.
Die Uebereinstimmung mancher dieser das Monogramm tragenden
Profilmiinzen mit den die voile Namensaufschrifc und das Mono-
gramm tragenden Munzen mit Pallaskopf von vorn ist ganz unleug-
bar; bei beiden der phrygische Helm der Gbttin, der fressende
Lowe auf dor Riickseite, dabei eine Aehnlichkeit des Stils, welche
auf einen und denselben Kiinstler schliessen liisst, doch sind
Monogrammen-Auflosungen und Deutungen immersehr unsicher. "
Prof. Brunn thinks the interpretation of the monogram ^E into
the signature of the artist KAEYAflPOZ should be accepted with
extreme caution. He remarks : " Mir scheint jedoch diese Annahme
mit grosser Vorsicht aufgenommen werden zu miissen, well sie
eine bedeutende Modification der Grundsatze erheischt, nach
,,C.oo(^lc
— 179 —
denen wir die Kunstlernamen von denen der Magistrate glauben
sclieiden zu diirfen. "
BiBLiOGiiAPHV, — Head, Histoiia Numorum. — Brit. Mus. Cat., Italy. —
Raoul-Rochette, op. cit. — Von Sallet, op. cil. — Brunn, op. cil.
KLEPIKOW, A. (Russ.). Medallist at St. Petersburg, first lialf of
the nineteenth century. He is the author of some rare medals issued
to commemorate the wars against France, 1812-1814. One of
Alexander I., I reproduce below; another represents the Battle of
Katzbach, and is signed : T'. A.lt.'lE.
%
Portrait-medal of Alexander I, of Russia, by Klepikow,
ELESILAX. Signature (added in modern times") on a sardonyx
intaglio representing Minerva seated, and reproduced in Raspe's
Tassie Gems, PI. xxvt, 1758.
KLETT or KLETTE, JOHAHN GEORG (Germ.). Gem-engraver, born
in [720 at Vesser or Sutil (Heiineberg); died in 1792. He was at
first Schoolmaster there, but came to Dresden in 1743 where he
studied the antique. In 1755 he was appointed Court Gem-
engraver. By him is a head of Cicero, and many cameos and inta-
glios representing mythological subjects,
ELET, LOVlS.i French). Sculptor of the second half of the nine-
teenth century, corn at Sens in 1833. He executed several Portrait-
,y Google
medallions which were exhibited ;U the Paris Salon betwen 1853
and r88o.
KLIMENTOFF, WASSILI (Russ.). Medallist of the second half of
tlie eighteenth century. Very few medals only are signed B. K. by him
and these have erroneously been attributed by Reichel and others
to Bernard Koch, There is however no doubt at all that the signa-
ture B. K. on Russian medals ot this period stands for BacH^iiK
K-iMJienToiib, or KjriiMOBT.as he is sometimes called,
Knmentoft cut the large Memorial medal on the Death of the
Empress Elizabeth, which bears his full signature : B. Kjthmehtob.
In 1762 he was called with his assistant, Michael Nikitin, to
St, Petersburg, to help in the execution of the Coronation Medals
ot Catherine II.
By this Engraver are also copies of : Accession Medal of Peter
the Great, Commemorative Medal ; — Construction of the Russian
Fleet ; — The Four Fleets (after Gouin) ; — Coronation of Cathe-
rine I., (after Schultz), &c.
Bibliography. — Iversen, Mcdaillen atij die ThaUii Pcler des Groisen, 1872. —
Archives vf the St. Petersburg Mint.
KLIMT, GEORG (Justr.). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
residing at Vienna. M. Roger Marx in Mddailkurs modernes en France
et h r£tranger reproduces on PI, xxv, a fine Plaquette by him
representing a male figure seated to r., nude, and deeply engaged in
thought.
KLINGHAMMER, JOHARN ANTON DAVID (Germ.), Mint-master at
Hildburghausen, 1760, and Eisenach, 1763-1765. His signature K
Thaler of Anna Amalia, of Sa:
or KL. occurs on Thalers, Gulden, &c. of 1763, Convention Thalers,
Gulden, &c. of Anna Amalia, Duchess Regent of Saxe-Weimar,
1764 and 1765 (Thaler illustrated).
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KLINE, J. W. (Amer.). Die-sinker of Philadelphia (U.S.A.).
second half of the nineteeiich century. He is said to have cut tlie
dies for a medal commemoratingthe Inauguration of a New Masonic
Temple in Philadelphia, 1873.
KLINGENSTEIR, MICHAEL BERTRAM (Germ.). Mint-master at
Nuremberg, 1806.
HLINKORSCH, ARTHUR (Austr.). Modeller and Chaser, born in
1846, died in Vienna, 4. October 1895. He founded the firm which
bears his name, and edited various medals.
KLINKE, BALTHASAR (Germ.). Mhit-master at Muhlhausen in
Thuringia, circa 1523.
KLIPFEL, LUDWIG PRIEDRICH EDTIARD (Germ.). Director of the
Prussian Mint at Berlin, 1865. There is a Portrait-medal of him,
by W. KuUrich, on his 50 years' Jubilee of office at the Mint.
Porirait-racdal of Ludwig Friedrich Kllpfel.
KLUGE, WILHELM FRIEDRICH (i^r^McA.). Contemporary Sculptor
and Medallist, born at Vienna, now naturalized a Frenchman. He is
a pupil of Tasset. At the Salon of 1901, he exhibited a Medal of the
Central ProtesrantSocietyofMissions, and plaster castsof other medals,
and in 1904 a Portrait-medal of H. H. Pope Pius X. Amongst his
previous works are: 1886. The French Republic, medal.— 1887. Prize
Medal for Athletic Sports ; — 1888. Medal of the General Transat-
lantic Company; — 1891. Portrait-medallion of M"^ Berthe S*** ;
— 1892. Seven silver medals, etc.
KLUNNE, A. (Germ.). Medallist of Altona, during the second and
third quarters of the nineteenth century. I have however never
met with any medal by him.
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KLUSAK VON KOSTELEG, GEORG (Bohem.). Mint-master-genenil
for Bohemia, 1619-1620.
KLUVER, PHILIPP (Gm)i.)- Mint-master at Dantzig, 1588-1610.
His monogram appears on the coins issued by him.
KHAB, SEBASTIAN (Swiss) and Junckherr Leodegari Golder,
J. Anthonivon Erhich, contractors of the Lucerne Mint, 1549-15 52.
Bibliography. — Dr Th . von Liebenau, Eim Mun^enossenschajt der Urschwei:;,
i548-iS52j Bull, de k Society Suisse de numisraatique, VI, 43-64.
KNAPP (Germ.'). Die-sinker's signature on a medal commeinora-
ting the fourth year of Napoleon Bonaparte's Consulate, 1803.
KNA0ER, GEORGES FR£d£rIC (French). Contemporary Sculptor
and Gem-engraver; son of Henri August e K. At the Salon of 1877,
he exhibited a shell cameo representing Captive Hebrews at Babylon ;
and in 1878, an agate cameo. Castor and Pollux ; ' — 1883 . Henry IV.
agate cameo; ■ — Minerva, sardonyx cameo; — Themistocles,
carnelian cameo; — Joan of Arc, sardonyx intaglio; — Nestor,
jasper intaglio ; — ■ Bayard, sardonyx intaglio ; — Othello and
Desdemona, cameo, &c.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. dl.
KKAOER, HENRI AUGUSTE (French). Contemporary Sculptor and
Gem-engraver, born at Ivry-sur- Seine ; pupil of his father and V,
Douchet, At the Salon of 1877 he exhibited an intaglio in carnelian,
representing Hector and Andromache, and in 1878, another intaglio
in sardonyx, Demetrius Poliorcetes; later : 1882. Aesculapms,
sardonyx intagho; ^ Herakles, cameo on sardonyx of three
strata, etc.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie ec Auvray, op. cit.
KNADER, VICTOR (French). Contemporary Gem-engraver, born
at Ivry-sur-Seine ; pupil of J. G. Knauer. At the Salon of 1886 he
exhibited a Portrait of M. C***, shell cameo.
KNAUST, JOHAKN CHRISTIAN (Germ.). Mint-warden at Saalfeld,
1764; Mint-master there, 1765-1794. His initials I. O.K. occur on
some of his issues. I have noticed them on the following coins of
Schwarzburg- Rudolstadt : Ludwig Gunther I,, Conv. Thaler,
1768; — Conv. Thaler, 1780, on the Marriage of the Hereditary
l^rince Frederick Charles with Augusta of Saxe-Gotha; — ■ Conv.
Thaler, 1786; — Friedrich Carl, Conv. Thaler, 1791; also on
currency of Saxe-Saalfeld : Ernst Friedrich, Conv. Thaler, 1765,
&c.
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KNEASS, WILLIAM (Amer.). Mint-engraver at Philadelphia 1823-
1840. He was bom at Lancaster, Pa., September, 1781, and was
appointed Engraver, January 29, 1824. Before taking oiEce at the
Mint, he had been chiefly a plate engraver for book-worJi. During
his term, there were some notable changes in the coinage, as in
1834 atid 1 83 8 for gold, and 1836, 1837, 1838, and 1840, for silver.
But some of this work was done by Gobrecht. Kneass is the
author of a PatternHalf-DoUarof i838,on which his name appears.
Between 1824 and 1836 he appears to have cut most of the dies
for the U. S. coinage.
827, ungtaved by W. Kneass,
A silver Dollar of 1836 (illustrated) as well as another Pattern
HalfDollar of 1838 are the work of Gobrecht, who in 1836,
received an appointment as assistant to W. Kneass at the Mint,
whom he succeeded in 1840 (Vide Vol. II, p. 284).
GobrcJit's Pattern Dollar,
Prior to his appointment, Kneass had an engraving office in
Chestnut St., Philadelphia, which was a well-known rendezvous
for the leading wits and men of culture, for which Philadelphia
was then eminent.
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W, Kneass died in office, August 27, 1840. He was the second
Engraver at the Philadelphia Mint, having succeeded Robert Scot,
1793-1824.
By this Engraver are also medals of George Washington.
Bibliography. — Evans, Illustrated Hutory oj the United States Mint, Phila-
delphia, 1892,
KSEBEL, MATHIEXJ (Belg.). Mint -engraver, appointed at Luxem-
burg, in 1487, under Maximilian of Austria. He was instructed
to coin gold Roj'aux, Nobles, Ducats and Half Ducats of Burgundy,
and silver Royaux, Double and Single Griffons, and Gros.
KiBLiOGiiAPHY. — ■ Pinchart, Bi(grapMes des Graveurs beiges. Revue de la aum.
beige, 1855.
KNECHT, FR£d£ric fiMILE {French). Sculptor of the middle years
of the nineteenth century, born at Strasburg. He was a pupil of
Guerin. By him are some Portrait-medallions (?).
KNELLER, JOHANN DANIEL (Germ.). Mint-warden at Frankfort-
on-Main, appointed on the 11. May 1730; died in 1742.
KNEVET, THOMAS, LORD (Brit.). Mint-master at London, in
conjunction .with Edward Doubleday, circa 1617-1623, under
James I. They succeeded Sir R. Martyn.
Bibliography. — Ruding, Annals of llie Coinage of Great Britain and Ireland,
London, 1840. — Kenyon, Gold Coins of England, London, 1884.
■ KNOBLADCH, DAVID (Germ.). Mint-master at Joachimsthal,
1637-1649. Distinctive mark : a garlic bulb between two crescents.
He coined money in the name of the Emperor Ferdinand III. His
name usually appears as EHOBLOCH.
Bibliography. — Fiah, Besdireibung der Sammlung Bahmischer Mi'mieii und
Medaitlen dcs Max Donebauer, Prag, 1888 .
KNOBLAUCH, JAKOB (Germ.) and Konrad Gross were "ordered
and allowed" by the Emperor Louis V. of Bavaria to strike Pfennige
(Frankfurter) and Gulden, 4. September 1340. On the 18.
February 1345, Knoblauch received another commission to issue
Gros Tournois, "ein munlze voti grozzen turnosen, die vier und
sechtzig ane ein vierteil eins turnos an ein franckenfurdische mark
gend, ' Knoblauch, whose name sometimes occurs as CHNOBLADCH,
also minted Hellers.
Bibliography. — Paul Joseph u. Eduard Fellner, Die Miinieu von Frankfurt-
am-Main, 7896,
KNOBLAUCH, JOHANN(Ggr«!.). A native of Jobannesthal, appointed
in 1621, Chief-coiner at the Mint of Wohlan under the Duke Georg
Rudolf. A square Double Thaler and a 24 Kreutzerpiece, both
looted o/GoogIc
of 1621, bear his initials (Kollner, Wolaviographia,^. 504; Heyne,
Wohlan, p. 357).
Bibliography. — Friedensburg, op. dt. — SchUskm Voridt in BiUiuidSchrift,
KNOEPFLIN, EDOUARD (Germ.). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Paris ; pupil of A. Millet, Gautier, and L. Bourdel. At the Salon
of 1885 he exhibited Portrait-medallions in bronj;e : Christian de
Trogoff; — Mon pere ; — M"' Juliette Robert ; — Adjutant-Major
S**'^; — 1886. Henry G***; — 1888. M"= M. H***; — 1892. Un
vieuK Limousin; — M. L. G***; — 1893- M. Farge; — 1894.
M. R. L**'', etc.
KNOL, JAN (putcH). Mint-master at Medemblik and Hoonij 1715-
1741 ; distinctive mark, a turnip. In 1736 he executed a medal
commemorating the Opening of tlie state treasure of Westfriesland.
KNOLL (Germ.~). Mint-warden at Nuremberg, 1777-1793. His
initial K occurs in association with that of Riedener, who was
Mint-Master, on the coin-issues of that period. Vide GEORG KNOLL.
KNOLL, GEORG (Germ.'). Mint-warden at Nuremberg, after 1779.
KNOPF, HEINRICH (Germ.). Goldsmith and Wax-modeller of
Nuremberg, in the early part of the seventeenth century, «Vc« 1601-
1610. In contemporary documents he is styled " Conterfeter in
Wachs". In 1601 he executed a medal ot the Bishop of Bamberg,
Johann Philipp von Gebsattel (illustrated), and received tor the
Medal of Johanii Philip, Bishop of Bamberg, by H, Knopf.
model and moulds 70 florins. These medals, observes Erman,were
cast, as they were wanted, in the following years, by Knopf himself
and the Bamberg Goldsmiths Paul Imhof, Marx Goldschmid, and
Barthel Holstetn.
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— i86 —
In 1610 Knopf made the medal (Schaugrosclien) of the Bishop
of Bamberg, Johanii Gottfried von Aschhausen. The castings of
these in later years were done by Knopf himself, or Hcinrich
Scheurer, and Barthol. Holstein.
In 1611 Knopf executed also a medal with shield of arms and the
Emperor Henry and his consort Kunignnda.
The medals by Knopf are somewhat weak productions, oval in
shape, and of very low relief. Both specimens in llie Royal Musenm
at Berlin have the same bordering, which Erman has met with on
another enamelled medal of the Bishop, Diike Ulrich of Pomerania,
dated 1618, which bears no portrait, only arms, but which may
notwithstanding have been done by Knopf.
Knopf, like most of his contemporaries, as Valentin Malcr, Carl,
etc., first modelled their medals in wax.
A Portrait-medal of Wolf Miintzer of Babenbcrg is signed H. K.
and dated 1567, but Erman does not think it can be ascribed to
Knopf, as tlie style is absolutely different from his.
Bibliography, — Erman, Deutsche MedailUtm, pp. 9, 54, 76.
KNOPF, HANS SCHIERWEN (Dan.). Mint-master at Copenhagen,
1761-1782. His issues are usually signed H or HSK. In 1783 he
was appointed Mint-director and State Councillor. He died in 1788.
KNOPF, HANS SCHIERWEN (Dan.). Son of the last. Mint-master
at Hamburg, 1805-1842, He signed his issues H, S. K.
KNORR, ERNST (Germ.). Mint-master at Pfalzburg, 1588.
KNORRE, GEORG GUSTAV (Germ.). A native of Liecht. Mint-
master to the Markgrave of Brandenbu rg at Kitzingen, 1621.
KNORRE, OTTO HEINRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Hamburg,
1761-1S05, and previously at Schwcrin, 1751-1756, and at the
same time, and until 1760, at Stralsund. He signed his issues
0, H. K,
KNOSPEL (Germ.). Die-cutter at the Mint of Crossen ; worked
under GiUi.
KNOX & LANG. Vide LANG.
KNOX, JOHN (Brii.). Lord Mayor of Dublin, under James II. The
Irish Halfpennies, dated 1685-1688, were coined ".under letters
patent granted to him, as assignee of Sir Tliomas Armstrong and
Colonel Legg. "
BjBi.iOGttAFHY, — Gruebcr, Handbook, &c., p, 24:,
KNYVET, LORT THOMAS, Vide. KNEVET SUprd.
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KOBURGER. AHTOM (Germ.). Mint-master at Pfreimdt (Leuch-
tenberg), 1546.
KOBURGER, ANTOM {Germ.). Mansfelder Mint-master at Eislebeii,
1559-1567, Saalfeldj 1567-1571, and again at Eisleben, 1571-
1577-
KOBURGER, ANTON (Germ.). Son of the last. Mansfelder Mint-
master at Eisleben, 1616-1630. He held the post of Mint-master at
Halle alternately with Eisleben. He was the father of Hans Philipp
K. His initials A. K. occur on Thalers and subsidiary coins of
Christian William, Markgrave of Brandenburg (1598-163 1).
KOBURGER, HANS PHILIPP (Germ.). Mansfelder Mint-master,
who signed gold and silver currency between 1634 and 1657.
Ammon remarks that he may have been employed in the service
of the Princes of Anhalt, his initials being found on Thalers of
Anhalt, dated 1650, 1665, &c.
BiBLiOGBApHY. — Ammon, Sammhmg Iwruhmki- Medailkurs tutd Miiiiimehler,
Niirnberg, 1778,
KOCH, A. (Germ.). Mint-master to the Counts Palatine, circa
1740.
KOCH, ADOLF (Germ.) of Heidelberg ; Mint-warden at Mayence,
4. August 1636— 3^. October 1640.
KOCH, ANDREAS (Germ.). Mint-master as Darmstadt, 1744-
1771 ; at the same time also at Mannheim, from 7. December
1749 to 1761.
KOCH, DAMEL (Germ.). Mint-master at Koenigsberg (Prussia),
1630-1649.
KOCH, DANIEL (Gm«.). Mint-master at Stockholm, 1645-1650,
and Koenigsberg (Prussia), 1656-1676.
KOCH, suns (Swiss) of Isni. Mint-master at Lucerne, 1558-
-I-1561.
KOCH, HANS (Germ.). Goldsmith of Mayence, appointed Warden
of the Mint, in conjunction with Wolf Kramer of Worms, in the
service of the Landgrave William of Hesse and the Counts Albert
and John Louis of Nassau, circa 1592.
- Is en beck, Dm NassauiscM Mfin^esm, Wiesbaden, 1879.
KOCH, ISAAC (Germ.). Mint-master at Stockholm, 1653-1664.
KOCH, JOHANN (Germ.). Mint-master at Dresden, 1688-1698.
His initials occur on the coins issued by him of John George IIL
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of Saxony: Thalers, Gulden,&;c.of 1690, Begrahnissthalers, Gulden,
&c. of 1691 ; — John George IV: Reichsthaler, 1691 (illustrated);
Thaler on the Elector's Inauguration as a Knight of the Order of
'.■>■
%
the Garter; " Begrahnissthalers", and Gulden, 1694 ; — Frederick
Augustus I. : Thaler (illustrated) and subdivisions of 1696, Cou-
rant-Tbaler on the Birth of the Prince Elector Frederick Augustus,
..';^S Jli%
Frederick Augustus I, Dresden Thaler oi 1696.
1696, &c. ; — John George IV., inaugurated as a Knight of the
Garter (medal), &c.
Before 1688, Johann Koch had already been connected for two
years with the Dresden Mint in an official capacity.
Bibliography. ^- FranliS & Grueber, MedalUc lilmiratiom, &c. — Reimmann
Sale Catalog lie.
KOCH, JOHANN CHRISTIAW (Germ.). Medallist of the first half of
the eighteenth century; born at Aken on the Elbe in 16S0 ; died
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in 1742; son of Nicolaus K. ofZerbst. He was a pupil of Christian
Wermulh and Raimund Fahz ; entered about 1706 the service oE
the Dukes of Saxe-Gotha, for whom he worked until his death as
Mint-engraver at Gotha, 1730-1742.
By this Medallist are the following commemorative medals.
Death of John WiUiam, Duke of Saxe-Gotha, 1707 ("signed KOCH F.
on obv. and KOCH.FECIT on ^L.); — Other Medals on the same
event (2 var.) ; — The Principality of Neachatel falls to the Crown
of Prussia, 1707 (obv. illustrated); — Marriage of Frederick I. of
Prussia with Sophia Louise of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 1708 ; —
Marriage of Princess Charlotte, 1733 ; — Second Centenary of the
Reformation, 1717; — Birth of Princess Elizabeth Caroline ot
Great Britain, 1 740 ; — Recall to Halle of Christian Wolf, 1740 ; — 37"*
Frederick I., King 01 r Ci'.rist. Koch.
Anniversary of Frederick II., Duke of Saxony, 1712; — Death of
Ernest Louis, Duke of Saxony, 1724; — Marriage ot George
Albert, Prince of East Friesland with Christiane Ludovica Princess
of Orange- Nassau; — Medallic Portrait of the Marlcgrave Frederick of
Ansbach; — Medallic Portraits of Duke Frederick II. of Saxe-Gotha
and his seven Children ; ■ — ^CharlesL, Duke ofBrunswickandLune-
burg, 1737; — The American Century Plant, 1700 (Wyllys Betts,
Historical Medals of America, p. 50, n" 103); — D' Friedrich
Hoffmannj of Halle : — Anthon Gunter, Prince of Schwarzhurg,
1709, etc.
" Johann Christian Koch ", says Bolzenthal ", if not Wermuth's
oldest pupil, yet he became his most celebrated one. He was born
in 1680 at Aken on the Elbe. At first he learned of Faltz, who
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— 190 —
however kept the ardent youth so long from the secrets of the art
thai he was not able to make the wished-for progress, and therefore
he went over to Christian Wermuth, whom he left after some time
to go to Berlin, as Engraver to the Duke Frederick II. of S;ixe-
Gotha. He received from the Court at Berlin a sum of money for
his travelling expenses, and visited Holland and England. After his
return he fixed his abode at Gotlia and executed many works which
made him celebrated. Death put an end to his exertions in 1742.
He left two sons who exercised the art(?') "
Bibliography. — Bolzentbal, op. cit. — Franks & Grueber, MedaiUc Illustra-
tions, &C. — Meiiadier, Schaumimi(en des Hatises Hahen^olkrti, Berlin, 1901. —
MuHer & Singer, Aligemeines KimstUr-Lexikon, Frankfurt-am -M., 1896,
KOCH, J0B3T (Germ.). Mint-master at Bielefeld, 1629, and for the
Electors oi Brandenburg, 1647-1654.
KOCH, JORGEN (Dan.). Mint-master at Malmoe, circa 15 18-1545,
and Flensburg, 1545-1547. Between 1544 and 1547 he appears to
have acted as Mint-master at Glomsberg.
Bibliography. ■ — Jorgensen, Beskrivehe, &c.
KOCH, JOST DIETRICH (GmM.). Mint-master at Paderborn, 1652-
1654; Bielefeld, 1655-1676; Tecklenburg, 1655 and 1656; and
Paderborn again, 1675 and 1676. His issues are usually signed I. D. K.
I have noticed his initials on Thalers and Half Thalers of Theo-
dorich Adolf, Bishop of Paderborn, [657.
KOCH, KILIAN or CHILIAN (Germ.). A Nuremberg Counter-
manufacturer of the end of the sixteenth century. His counters,
some of which are dated 1587, 1588, 1600, &c., arc not quite so
common as those of his great competitors, the KRAUWINKELS and
their successors, the LAUFFERS, Sec.
A number of Counters by Kilian Koch are described in Neumann,
Kupfer-Mum^en, vol. V, n"' 32203-21 ; also in dialog des numisma-
tisch sphragistischen Sammlungen des Herrn Heinrich Lemperlx, Senior
:(u Koln, 1899, n°' 4090-4096. They depict various subjects and
bear legends in Latin, German, French, &c. with the maker's
name : CHILIA KOCH ; — CHILIANVS COQVVS ; — C. K. ; — K. K. ; ~
KILIANVS KOCH, etc.
The Makers of these counters at Nuremberg seem at fir,st to have
been confined to a very few families only, for we find but the
names of four of these from between the middle of the sixteenth to
the middle of the seventeenth century, vi;(_. those of Schuit^ (or
Schulthess), with Jorg and Hans; Koch, with Kilianus ; Krauwinckel,
with Damianus, Egtdius, and Hans, which last-named Maker issued
more than all the others taken together; Lauffers, ■with Haiis,
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Matthew, Wolfgang, Chonradt, Cornelius, and Lazarus Gottlieb. "
(Snelling, ^ View of Jettons or Counters, Londoa., 1769, p. 11).
Other Nuremberg Counter- makers were /, M. Lindner, John
Wddinger, John Adam Vogel, John Conrad Hoger, Michel ieykauf,
and Jsbn Jacob Dteir^el.
These counters were usually made in brass,
KOCH, LEONHARD MAX, and J. C. (Germ?). Nuremberg Counter-
makers of the sixteenth century.
KOCH, LUDWIG CHRISTIAW (Germ.). Mint-engraver :U Gotha,
1750-1793. Son of Johann Christian Koch. From 1766 to 1793
he was Director of the Mint.
This Engraver's initials are found or many of the coins issued at
Gotha during the period of his activity. I have noticed them on
Thalers and subsidiary currency, struck on the Second Centenary
of the Religious Peace of 1555. They also occur on ;i medal
commemorating the Free British Society, 1750.
KOCH, MARIOS (Germ.). Mint-master at Koenigsberg in Prussia,
KOCH, MARIUS (Germ.). Swedish Mint-master, 1628-1663.
KOCH, NICOLAUS (Germ.). Father of Johann Cln-istian Koch,
Woii-ed at various German Mints, in particular at Zerbst, 1680,
and some years later at Berlin.
BrHLioGRAPHY. — Ammon, Sammliin^ berfihmter Meilailkun und Miiiiimeisler ,
1778.
KOCH, NICOLAUS (Stuiss). Mint-master at Lucerne, 1540-May
'545-
IJiiiLiOGRAPHY. — Til. von Liebtnau, Die Miminteister von Lujei-ii, Bulletin de
la SociSi^ suissi: de nuraismatiquo, 1889.
KOCHEM, JOHANN(Gm«.). Mint-warden at Worms, 1593.
KOCKERS, F. (Dutch). This Engraver's signature occurs on a
IMze Medal of the Middelburg Drawing-Academy, 1778.
KOEGLER, HANNS (Aiistr.). Worked the small Mint at Hall under
the Archduke Ferdinand (end of the sixteenth century), with a
yearly salary of iii Gulden 18 Kreutzer.
Bibliography. — C. Oesterreicher, op. cit.
KOHLER (Germ.). Die-sinker at Hanover or Berlin, circa 1706.
Probably the same as E. Pomponius Kohter, mentioned below.
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EOHLER, B. (Germ.). Contemporary Medallist, by whom are
several Portrait-medals of Bismarck commemorating his death in
1898. This artist resides at Berlin.
KOHLER, HEINRICH or HENDRIK (Germ.). Mint-master at Copen-
hagen, 1643-1662. His signatnre H. K. or ffi occurs on coins.
KOHLER, G. W. (Austr.). Die-sinker of the early part of the eigh-
teenth century. By him is a cabalistic medal of Charles VI. of
Austria, dated ryii.
KOHLER, JOHANH LUDWIG (Germ.). Medallist of the early part of the
nineteenth century,born at Kirchheim-Bolanden,in i77o,diedatNeu-
stadca.d.H. iniSaS.HissignatureKOHLER F. occurs on a Prize Medal
of the Frankfort Society for the promotion of Useful Arts ; also
on a Medal struck for presentation to the Wreckers on the U . S . A
sea coast for their services in saving the lives and property of
shipwrecked mariners.
KOHLER, E.POMPONIXIS (Germ.). Hessian Die-sinker of the early
part of the eighteenth century, whose medals are dated 171 1-1714,
and signed E.P.K.r. I have noticed his signatnre Kohler on a Half-
Thaler of Charles, Landgrave of Hesse, struck in 1711, on the
death of his consort, Maria Amalia of Curland.
KOHLER, 3. (Germ.). Goldsmith of Brieg, last quarter of the
seventeenth century. In 1674 he cut dies for the coinage issued at
the Mint there, and in 1675 medals commemorating the death of
George William, the last Piast.
KOLESCHERI, SAMUEL (Hung.). Die-sinker of the first half of the
eighteenth century. His initials occur on a gold medal, weighing
10 ducats, with portrait of Damianus Hugo, Count Virmondt,
1721, Commanding genera! in Transsylvania.
Bibliography. — Adolf Resch, SUbsnbiirgiscbe Miir^en und Medailkti, Her-
mannstadt, igoi,
EOCNE, D. (Dutch). Medallist of the latter end of the seventeenth
century, by whom are medals commemorating the return of Wil-
liam III. to Holland, &c, "His works" says Mr, Grueber "are
very few, and little is known of him ". The Engraver's signature :
D. Koene or D. K. occurs on the following pieces : Fireworks at the
Hague ' ^""" 1 69 1 on William III.'s return to Holland; —
William's throne established, Oct. 1691 I^. Four warriors, armed.
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— '93 —
defending an orange-iree; - - Joh;uin van Brienen, Mint-master at
Harderwijk, 1690.
Bibliography. — Hawkins, Franks and Grueber, MedalUc Illustrations of the
History of Great Britain and Ireland, 188;. — Catalogue der Nedsrlandschs en op
Nederlana btlrekkiitg hebbende Gedenkpenningen, 1, 's Graveahage, 1905.
KONIG, A. {Germ.). Student at the Vienna Mint School ot
Engraving, 1764.
KOENIG, AMTONI (Auslr.). Mint-engraver at Haii in Tyrol, 1723-
1743 . Probably a sou of Johann Antoni Koenig or Khunig. By him
are perhaps the Gunzburg Thalers of 1765, 1766, &c. (signed :
A, K,) ; — ■ The Archduchess Marie-Antoinette arrives at Gunzburg,
1770 (^L. only); — The Archduke Leopold and consort, and
Duke Charles of Lorraine and his sister Caroline visit Vienna,
[770; — Visit of T. H, to the Vienna Mint, 1770; — The
Empress Maria Theresia lends prompt aid to the famished inhabi-
tants of Wettenhausen, &c.
Bibliography. — Kalalog der Miin:;e>i- iind Midaillen-Stempel-Sammlttng des
K. K. Hiiiipliniin^a"il,Wien, 1901.
KONIG, ANTON (Germ.), Mint-engraver at Gunzburg, 1773-1773,
and Kremnitz, 1774- The coinage of Gunzburg, 1772-1773, { and
I KopfstOcke, 1772, Kreuzers, 1772-1773, | Kreuzers, 1772, was
cut by this Die-sinker. Probably the same as AMTOHI KONIG.
Bibliography. — Fr. DoUinger, Die Furslenbergischn Miiii^-eii und Medaillen,
1903, p. 27.
KONIG, ANTON FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Son of the celebrated Berlin
Miniature Court Painter of the same name; born on June 13,
1756; died January 2, 1838. He learned engraving at the Die-
sinking establishment of Loos and imder the supervision of the
Director-general of the Berlin Mint, Singer. On the i" of Septem-
ber 1776, the young artist was called to the post of Medallist and Miut-
engraver at Breslau, and remained in office there until the spring of
1S05, when he retired with a pension. In the next year, October
i8q6, he accepted the place of Mint-engraver at Berlin, left
vacant by the death of Stierle. In 1826 he celebrated his 50''' anni-
versary of official service, on which event his yearly salary was
increased, on the suggestion of the Mint-director Godeking, who in
a letter to the Minister of State, Count von Lottam, dated
21. August 1826, wrote, that Konig "was one of the first Die-
cutters who did not work in a mechanical manner, but used science
and taste in his branch".
Konig's signature K, A.K., KO., or A. KONIG occurs on coins and
medals of Prince Bishop Joseph of Bresiau, medals of Oels,
Frederick IL, and Frederick William 11 , Personal and Commemor-
ative Silesian medals.
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— 194 —
Bv this Engraver are : Frederick II, the Greac, 1780 ^L. HERCV-
LES MVSARVM; — Frederick William II. of Prussia, 1796
^L HOMAGIO REGI BORUSSORUM, &c.; — Anniversary of
Queen Friedcrike, witli lier bust on IJi,. and that of her consort
Frederick WiUiiim II. on obv., 1786; — Count Hoym, 1783
(3 var.); — Peace of Basle, 179S, between Prussia and Austria; —
Reichsthaler of 1785, with bust of Charles Christian Erdmann,
Duke of Wurtemberg-Oels (signed K); — Sixth Centenary of the
ConveuL of Trebnitz, 1803; — Portrait-medal of Augustin, Prelate
of Wettenhausen, 1771; — Accession of Frederick Augustus, of
Brunswick-Oels, 1793 ; — John Caspar Arletius, Rector of St. EHz-
abeth's church at Breslau, 1784; — Francis Anthonj-, Baron Hei-
nitz, Prussian Minister; — Karl Czechtitzki, actor (1800); —
Countess Gaschin, 1796; — Count Hoym, as "Schtitzenkonig ".
1805 ; — Anton Siegfried Koiiiger and consort, 1797; — Count
Matuschka, 1779 (2 var.); — General, Baron von Merkatz, 1796;
— Lippmann Meyer, court agent at Breslau, 1803 ; — Karl Gottlieb
Remscheid, [800; — General Hans Christian von Rothkirch,
1785; — Count Hans Ferdinand Saodretsky, 1790; — Johann
Heinrich Scholz, Pastor at Langwaltersdorf, 1S05; — General
Friedrich von Tauentzien, on his Denth, 1791 (2 var.); ~
J. F. Thiede, Pastor at Schweidnitz, 1795; — Adan Weisskopf,
Patron Bishop of Breslau ; — Zinzendorf, Foundation of the Morav-
ian community; — Di-ath of Frederick II., 17S6; — The Crown
Prince Frederick William of Prussia; ~ Accession of Frederick
William II., I786(2var.); — Blanchard, the Killoonist, Ascension
at Bresku, 1789 (2 var.); — Christmas Medal, 1789 ; — Conven-
tion of Reichenbach, 1790 (2 var.), — Friedrich Ewald, Count
Hertzberg, 1790; — Christmas Medal, 1790; — New year's
Medal (1791); — Visit of Frederick William II. to Breslau, 1791
(3 var.); — Christmas Medal, 1791 ; — New year's Medal, 1792;
— -South Prussia's Homage to the King, 1795 (3 var.); — Death
of Louis XVI. and Marie-Antoinette (2 var.) ; — Frederick Wil-
liam II., 1794 T^. ALVENSLEBEN; — Accession of Frederick
William III., 1797 ; — Visit of the King and Queen of Prussia to
Silesia, 1798; — The King and Queen at Furstenstein, 1800; —
The New Century; — Third centenary of the Breslau Printing
Press, 1804; — Breslau School Prize Medal; — Golden Wedding
of Charles Christian Erdmann of Ols, 1791 ; — Dies for Giinzburg
Thalers of 1765, 1766, &c, (signed : A.K.); — The Archduchess
Marie- Antoinette arrives at Giinzburg, 1770 (^. only); — The
Famine at Wettenhausen, 177 1 ; — Count Dankelmann; — Conquest
of Poland by Catherine II. the Great; — D' Lorenz Oken, of
Munich ; — D'' Carl A. Rudolphi ; — Balthasar Ludwig von Wen-
dessen, Prussian General, 1796 ; — King Frederick William, restorer
of Peace in the Netherlands, 1787, etc.
./Google
— 195 -
A commemomtive meJai of Leicester, signed A.K., is supposed,
by Mr. Grueber to be the worli of Konig.
Bibliography. — D' G. Soramerfeldt, Zur Biographk des Munxmedailhur
Anion FrialHch Kanig, Schlesiens Votzeit in Bild und Schrifi, Bd, VJI, 91. —
Franks and GruebKr,' Medallic III., &c. — F. Friedcnsburg and H. Seger, Schksiens
MUnjsnund Medailkn der neuercn Zeil, Breslau, 1901.— Menadier, Schaumiwien
des Haiises HoheniMern, 1901. — Bolzenthal, cp. cit. — Muller and Singer,
op. cit.
KONIG, AMTON FRIEDRICH {Ge.rm.'). Son of the last; born at
Breslau, in 1773, .and also a Medallist. His early life was spent at
Berlin, but in 1 824 be settled at Dresden. To him are ascribed the
I^. of Bliicher Mtdal, by A. I', Koonig.
following medals : Centenary of Pomerania's homage pvestaiion,
1821 (signed : F. KONIG FEC.) ; — Rebuilding of the town of
Gnesen destroyed by fire, 1823; — Silver Wedding of Leopold
Frederick, Duke of Anhalt, and Frederike nee Princess of Prussia ;
— PortugalSser with bust of the Prince Elector Joachim, Markgrave
of Bi'andenburg, on the commemoration festivities at Spandau,
1839 ; — Marriage of Princess Elizabeth of Prussia, with Charles,
Prince of Hesse, 22. October, 1836 ; — Marriage of Mary, Princess
of Prussia, with Maximilian II,, King of Bavaria, 5. Oct. 1842
,stsd by Google
— 196 —
(signed : RON F,); — ■ Marriage of Frederick Williiim, Prince of
Prussia, with Elizabeth Louise, daughter of Maximilian I. of Bava-
ria, 29. November :823 ; — Portrait-medal of Blucher in bronze,
and iron 18 16 (^. illustrated') (" This splendid piece, which ", says
Bolzenthal, " he engraved for the Burgesses of Berlin, in memory of
theactionsof Prince Blucher, from Schinkersdesigns,wasdone at Ber-
lin, and displays great talent. The reverse represents the Archangel
Michael ill mail armour and with drooping wings. He has on his
head an iron helmet ornamented with a cross ; with his left hand
he grasps the hilt of his girded sword, and with his lance gives the
death blow to a wretch in human form, but whose extremities we
recognize as those of a dragon. As this intelligible production
required no inscription, there are only the dates ol the martial
exploitsof this general, 1813, 1814 and 181 5. "); — Death of Fred-
erick William III., 1840; — Accession of Frederick William IV.;
— Marriage of Princess Mary of Prussia with Crown Prince Maxi-
milian of Bavaria, 1843; — MedaUion of the Crown Prince of
Prussia, 1817 ; — The New Theatre at Berlin, 1821 ; — Goethe,
1826; — Oveno MaUing, Danish politician, 1827; — Alliance
between Anton, King of Saxony, and Friedrich August, Co-Regent,
183 1 ; — ^C. A'.mund Rudolphi, Prussian Privy Medical Councillor,
1832; — Christian Ranch, Sculptor and Medallist; — Laurentius
Oken, 1779-1851, Anatomist; — Votive Medal of the city ot
Hanau on the Accession of William II., Prince Elector of Hesse,
1821; — King Anton of Saxonyand Q.Lieen Maria Theresia, 1827;
— Count von Wyhck und Lottum, 1834 ; — Visit of the King ot
Prussia to Gorlitz, 1835; — Monument to Gustavus Adolphus,
1837; — I. G. C. Adler, 1833; — C. A. Boettiger, 1835; —Von
Zeschau, 1828 ; ■ — Death of Goethe (3 var); — J. B. Trommsdorf,
1834; — Convention of German Naturalists and Physicians at Berli n ,
1828;— Congressof Physiciansat Hamburg, 1830; — D' Aloys von
Winter,ofMunich,i84i; — D^H.W.M.OIbers,ofBremen, 18^0.
Koenig Junior was attached to the Berlin Mint, as his father's
assistant, after the death of the Engraver Abrahamson, 23. July
1811. His productions are generally signed ; E., KO., KOL., F. K. F.,
F. KO., or.F. KOENIG.
Bibliography. — D' G. Sommerfeldt, ttr Munsjnedailkur Anton Friidrich
Konig Jim', Schlesiens Vorzeil in Bild und Schrifi, Bd. VH, p. i}$. — Bokfnthal.
j/j. cii. — Friedensburg, Schlesiens neuere MilnxgescbkhU. — Friedensburg and
Seger. 0^. cit. — Menadier, op. cil.
KONIG, A. (Smss). Medallist of the second half of the eighteenth
century, born at Freiburg. He was employed to engrave commem-
orative medals of the Imperial house of Germany.
KONIG, ARNOLD (Germ.). Mint engraver at Nuremberg, 1570-
1571. He succeeded Hanns Jamnitzer and was followed by Hanns
,;.Goo'^lc
Kraass. The coins engraved by him do not iippear to bciir his
signature.
Bibliography. — C. F. Gebcrt-Niitnberg, GescMchle der Munpiattc tkr Eeichstadt ■
'Nurnbcrg, Nurnberg, 1891.
KONIG, E. (Gei-m.'). Medallist in the employ of the Die-sinking
establishment of L. C. Lauer, His signature occurs on a Portrait-
medal of Prince Bismarck, undated.
KOENIG, GEORG HEINRICH (Germ.). Wax-modeller and Engraver,
born at Suhl (Henneberg) ; died at S' Petersburg in rSoo. He
studied at Vienna. For the Empress Catherine II., he executed a
large collection of paste reproductions of antique gems. He was
also a clever Enameller.
KOENIG, HANS VON WEISSENSEE {Germ.). Mint-master at Koburg,
1390-1391.
KOENIG, JOHANN(Gen«.). Mint-master at Nordhausen, c/rca 1660.
KOENIG or KHDNIG, JOHANN ANTONI {Austr.). Mint-engraver at
HaU in Tyrol, 1 688-1742. Puncheons for Double Tbalers (undated)
andTlialers of Tyrol (1717, 1719, 1724, &c.) bearing this Engrav-
er's signature : I. A. K. are preserved at the Vienna Mint. See also
ANTONI KONIG.
KOENIG, JOHANN GEORG {Germ.). Mint-inspector at Mayence,
169 1-1693; t^"^" Mint-warden at AschafFenburg, and again at
Mayence, 1695-1720.
KOENIG, JOSEP CHRISTOPH (Austr.). Mint-engraver at Hall in
Tyrol, 1742-1745, and later, 1751, but not in an official capacity.
KOENIG, MATHIAS VON BAUMBHADSEN (Austr.). Mint-engraver
at Hall, 4. December 1620 to 10. March 1663, when he retired on
a yearly pension of 367 florins. Circ. 1630 he was appointed
Mint-engraver at Salzburg, as successor of Melchior Patz. His activ-
ity at the latter Mint falls during the reigns of Paris and Guido-
baldus, Count von Thun. The important and large variety of cur-
rency issued by the former archbishop testifies to the diligence
and skill of this Engraver.
KOENIG, MAXIMILIAN VON BADMBHAUSEN(^MJ-ir.).Mint-engrav-
er at Hall, at first as his father's, Mathias von Baumbhausen's,
assistant, 11. November, 1647 to 10. March 1663, then indepen-
dently until 1688; also at Salzburg, 1630-1635.
Bibliography. — C. Oesterreicher, op. cit.
,stsd by Google
KOENIG, MAXIMILIAN (Amir.). Student at the Vienna Academy
of Engraving, 1747-1750; tlien Mint-lingniver at Kremnitz, 1750-
1754.
KOENIG, OTTFRIED (Germ.). Medallist at Moscow, 1718-1724,
whose productions are signed 0. K. Schlickeysen observes that this
signature (and also K, 0.) occurs on medals of Peter the Great, for
whichhowever dies of the Augsburg Medallist P. H. Miiller, who died
in 1718, were used. The Moscow Roubles of 1718-1724 are the
work of Koenig (one of 1724 illustrated), and apparently also the
Rouble ol 1724, by Ottfrii:d KOnig.
following medals : Second Expedition of the Russian Fleet to
Finland ; — Another, on the same event ; ^.. A variety of last ; —
Naval Victory over the Swedes at Tweremunde near Hango-Udd
(3 var.) ; — Gipture of three Swedish Frigates on 5. May 17 19; —
War Medal for the Cossacks, 1723 ; — Coronation Medal of Cathe-
■ rine 1., 1724, &c.
Iversen, Medaiilen auf die Tkaten Peter des Grossen, Int. xxiii,
notes that the Medal and Rouble of Catherine I., signed 0. K. (or
K. 0.) are entirely the work of Ottfried Konig.
KOENRITZ, CHRISTOPH VON (Boh.). Mint-master general for the
Counts of Schlick at Joachimsthal, 1528; he was entrusted, by reso-
lution of King Ferdinand I., dated 16. October 1546, to establish
a Mint at Neusohl.
Bibliography. — Ediiard Kiala, Das Muniwesen der Grajen Schlich, 1890.
KOENRITZ, HEIHRICH VON (Boh.) Mint-master general for the
Counts of Schlick at Joachimsthal, 1)19-1)38.
KOEBNER, ANDREAS (Germ.).
1722.
Mint-master at Mayence, 1714-
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— 199 —
KOERNER, JOHANN CONRAD (G^HH.). Mint-engraver at Cassel,
and Medallist, 1764-1797. His signature : KORNEB occurs on a
Prize-Medal of the Carolinum CoLlege at Cassel, 1767, and on
anoiher commemorating the Inauguration of the Lyceum Frideri-
cianum, 1779, in the same town. Thalers of Frederick II., Land-
grave of Hesse, are signed KOR. or K. as for instance the Conven-
tionsthalers of 1765, 1766, &c,, and a K appears on Thalers, by the
same engraver, of Louis IX. (Conventionsthaler of 1770).
KOERNER, JOHANK FRIEDRICH {Germ.). Mint-engraver at Cassel,
and Medallist, 1784-1803. Some coins of William IX., Landgrave of
HessGj as a Thaler of 1789, bear this engraver's signature on trun-
cation of bust.
KOERNER, WILHELM (Gervi.). Mint-engraver at Cassel, and
Medallist, 1804-1833. By him is a medal on the Tercentenary of
the University of Marburg, 1827 (signed : KORNER).
KOERNER, JUNIOR (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Cassel, and
Medallist there ; he died in 1864. His medals were usually signed :
KORNER JUNIOR.
KORNLEIN, JOHANN NICOLAUS (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Ratis-
bon, and Medallist there, 1758-1801,, His signature on medals
occurs as : I. H, K ; — I. N. KOERNLEIN. F. R. ; ~ KORNLEIN, &c.
By him are : " Archery" medallic Thaler, 1763 ; — Medalhc
Gulden, 1763, obv. MEMORIAE. PACIS TERRA &c.;. —
Marriage of Joseph II. with Princess Josepha of Bavaria, 1765 ; —
Conv. Thaler of Joseph Conrad, Bishop of Freising (1790-1803);
— Anton Ignaz, Count Fugger, Bishop of Ratisbon, 1786; —
Medallic Thaler of Ratisbon, Sede Vacante, 1787 ;—" Archery"
Thaler, 1788; — Conv. Thalers of the Republic of Ratisbon; 1772,
1774, 1775, 179 1, &c. ; — Conv. Gulden, 1774, '775, 178 1, 1782,
I784,&c. ; — JohannGeorgGIaetzI, 1781 ; — D^ J. F. W.Behling,
of Ratisbon, 1787 (Boston Coll"), &c.
BiELiOGRAPHV. — Bolzeiitbal, 0^, di. — Amnion, Sammlung beruhnler Medail-
hurs. — Various Sale Calahgues.
KOTZKER, ANDREAS (Germ.)- Mint-master at Mayence, 1714-
1722. He had previously been Mint-engraver there and tut dies for
the 1703 coinage. To him must probably also be ascribed the medals
of Mayence of 1689, 1694 and 1695, and 1707, which bear his initials
A. K. (Fide G. H. Lockner, Main:;er Mun:^heamte des J/, and iS.
Jdhrhunderts, Berliner Munzbliitter, 1904, 431).
KOHLER, or KOEHLER, E. POMPONIUS (Germ.). Mint-engraver,
and Medallist at Cassel, early part of the eighteenth century. By
./Google
him is a medal on the Death of the Landgravin Maria Amalie,
1711 ; — Completion of the Waterworks at Wilhelmshohe, 1714,
&c.
BiisiJOGRAPHY. — MuUer and Singer, op. cil.
KOHLER, F. D. (Amer.). Issuer of an oblong Californian ingot,
dated 1850, and stamped g 40.07.
KOHLHAAS, JAKOB {Germ.). Minc-master at Bonn, 1739-1767.
Between 1765 and 1767 he also worked for the Electoral Mini ot
Cologne, conjointly with EUas Gervais, as the { Stiiber pieces of
Kurkohi of the years 1765-1767 show.
KOHLHAAS, JOHANN WILHELM (Gi'r»(.).Mint-mastcr at Schillings-
furst, 1684.
KOHLKOPF, KASPAR (Germ.). Mint-master at Augsburg, 1623.
KOINOS (Greek). Gem-engraver, whose signature KOINOY occurs
on a small amethyst, formerly in theFicorini collection, and which
represents a Hunter standing and leaning on cippus, at the foot of
wnich is a dog; a type which reminds one of the celebrated statue
known as Narcissus. King observes that " the legend behind the
figure reads clearly KOIKOY, though variously misread. Koehler, as
usual, ascribed this work to Natter, forgetting that it had been
already published by Stosch in 1724, whereas Natter did not
establish himself at Florence before 1733. Besides, it had been
described by Maffei long before the forgery of names had come
into vogue ". "Die Arbeit ist hubsch abernicht bedeutend". (Furt-
witngler).
The inscription KOINOT appears to have been added in modern
times to the following gems : Augustus (Stosch's cast) ; — Head of
Demetrius Poliorcetes (Brit. Mus.); — Satyr running;^ Head of
Hector Poniatoswki; — Pythagoras seated; — Faun carrying
hydria; — Perseus, &c.
BiBUOGRAPHY. — Babelon, Pietres gravht, 1884, p. 171. — Darembcrg et
Saglio, op. cit., IJ, p. 1480 a. — H. Brunn, of. cit., II, 515-516, — FurtwiiLigler,
ap. cit. — ■ King, Handbook of Engraved Gems, 1F84. — Prendeville, Hhtorkal and
Descriptive Account of the famous collection of Antique Gems possessed hy the late Prince.
Ponialcwski, London, 1841.
KOIRION (XOIPIflN) (Greek). Vide'VoX. I. p. 270. Coin-engraver
at Catana, circ. B.C. 400-336.
His full signature appears on the following coin :
I. jR. Tetradrachm. Obv. Laureated head of Apollo, facing ; on
either side, strung bow and lyre, hair long and loose ; in field, to 1.,
XOlPinN ; beneath neclc, APOAAHN.
^- KATANAIflN (in ex.). Quadriga tor., driven by male char-
ioteer, holding goad in r. and reins in botli bands : the rein
o,Goo(^[c
of the farthest horse broken and traiiing; horses in high action;
above, Nike holding wreath and lillet, is flying to 1., to crown
the charioteer; in ex., cray-fish to r. ; beyond the horses, fluted
Ionic column (meta).
B.M.Cat., Sicily, p. 47, n" 34. — WeU, Kilnslkrinschrift-
en Sec, PI, HI, n" 3 ; — ■ Macdonald, Cat. of the Hunterian
Collection, 1, p. 172, n" 12 (illustrated).
The signature XOI occurs also on the obv. of a Drachm, the IJd..
of which is by the engraver HERAKLEiDAS-
2. jR. Drachm. Obv. AMENA... Young head of River-god
Amenanos, three-quarter face towards!., hair diademed and wavy ;
on either side of head, cray-fish and fish; beneath neck, XOI ■
;^,.TA... (in ex.) Fast quadriga tor., driven by female charioteer,
holding spear in r. hand, shield in 1. ; above, Nike flying to 1. crown-
ing charioteer; in ex.. maeander pattern; in field to r.,
HPAKAEIAA.
B.M.Cat,, Sicily, p. 4^, n" 42. — Weil, op. c/f.jPl. in,
Bibliography. — L, Fm-i-i;!-, J.,'-: Signatures de gravenrs sut ks inonisau's
grecqves, BruKclles. 1905.
KOKOROWA, PETER COUNT VON {Bohem.). Mint-master general to
the Chapter of SS Peter and Paul on the Wyschehrad, 1699-1710,
under Leopold I. and Joseph I.
KOLB, ANDREAS (Germ.). Goldsmith of Bayreuth ; Mint-master
and engraver at Culmbach, 1621- 1622, No further particulars are
known of him.
Bibliography. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cit. — Aramon, op. cil. —
Gebert-N urn berg, Die Brandenhurg-Frmikkclien Kippermun^sidtlen, 1620-1623,
atdb, Google
KOI,B, PETER ANTON QGerm.). Mint-master at Scliwabach, 1761-
1780. His signature K occurs in conjunction with that of KERN
(Mint-warden) on a Mernorial Thaler of Alexander, Markgrave of
Brandenburg, dated 1765 ; also on 20 Kreutzerpieces of 1765, Half
Gulden of [760, 1765, and Thalers of Schwabach.
KOLB, HANS NICOLAUS (Germ.). Mint-master at Hatzfeld, 1685-
1687.
KOLD, C, r^W^ GEORG HOLDERMANN (Fide Vol. II, p. 528).
Ammon, Sammhmg,Sic., and Blanchst, Medatlles alkmandes (Num.
du moyen age et moderne, II, p. 375) both give erroneously this
Engraver's name.
EOLOB, probably KOLB (Germ.') is mentioned as a Die-sinker in
connection with the Mint-engraver, Gaspare Mola, at Florence,
circa 1610. Mola complained to the Duke Ferdinand, that he had
to work from dies supplied by the German Kolob, whose productions
he considered far inferior to his own.
Bibliography. — E. PIoii, Benventilo Cellini, p. 560.
KOLOBOFF, IWAN (Russ.). Mint-master at Katharinenburg, 1825-
1830- The signature N. K. occurs on coins issued by him.
ROLLER, GEORG (Austr.). Dic-sinker at Vienna, early partofihe
seventeenth century.
KOLLBR, SAMUEL (Gei'm.). Goldsmith of Brieg, who in 1674 cut
dies for the Brieg Mint, and in 1675 executed a commemorative
medal on the death of Georg Wilhelm, Duke of Silesia, the last of
the Piasts (signed S. K.). Vide KOHLER supra.
Bibliography. — Friedensburg, Schksum neuere Miin^eschUhte. — Chehidns-
M Sak Catalogue, 1904.
KOLLMANN, JOHANN ADAM (Ausir.). Mint-warden at Gratz in
Styria, circa 1767-1789. His initials A. K. occur on Zwanzigers of
1767, 1768, 1769 and 1771. KoUmann was the last Mint-warden
in Styria; his successor had the title of Assayer of the Coins
(Landmiinz-Probirer).
Bibliography. — Th. linger, Kkinc Bntrage :(ur Mimihinie des Kronhn^es
SUkriiiark, 1895.
ttOLM, WILHELM (Germ.). Wax-modeller of Berlin, drc. 1700.
Author of numerous Portrait-medallions. His sod, LUKAS
WILHELM K., born at Hamburg, in 1693, worked for the Mark-
grave Charles at Soldin; died at Danzig in 1757.
KONERMANN (also KIENERMANN, or KINDEMAN), HANS (Germ.).
Mint-master at Wunstorf, 1566-7.
,stsd by Google
KONGSBERG, ERASMUS SIMON (Germ.). Mint-cngr:iver at Kongs-
berg, 173 3-1764.
KONGSDORF (Germ.). Medallist of the third quarter of the eigh-
teenth cemury; he was working at Leipzig, circa 1766, and signed
his productions with a K.
KONIKE (also KONEKE, KOHNE or KONING), JOACHIM or
JURGEM {Germ.). Mint-master at Rostock, 1601S-1609, then at
Franzliurg. According to Evers he was appointed 21. May 1606
and resigned in May 1609.
KOHRAD (CIIHO) (Jusir.). A monk of the Order of Minorite
Brethren, Mint-master at Vieima, 1290 (?),
KONTOS, DEMETRE (Greek). Engraver at Karpenissi, who cut the
dies for the 1831 coinage of Greece, struck in the island of Aegina,
under the governor Jean Capodistrias. The coinage of 183 1 consist-
ed ol 20, 10, 5 and i Lepta pieces.
BiBLlOGitAPHY. — Inforination kindly supplied by M. Jean P. Laiiib'os,
KONSE or KONZE, C. T. (Dutch). Medallist of the second half ot
the eighteenth century ; pupil of Lageman. By him are the follow-
ing medals in the Museum at The Hague : Inauguration of Wil-
!em V. as Stadhouder, 1766 ; — Visit of Prince Willem V, and
consort, Frederica Sophia WilheJmina to Amsterdam, 1768; —
Birth of the Prince of Orange, 28. November 1770; — The Walloon
Orphanage at Amsterdam, 1770; — Inauguration of the Lutheran
Deaconry at Amsterdam, 1771 ; — Peter Curtenlus, theologian of
Amsterdam, 1766 ; — ^The four brothers Jorissen, 1767 ; — Second
Centenary of the ReUef of Leyden, 1774; ■ — Second centenary
of the Lutheran Orphanage at Amsterdam, 177S, etc.
HOPE, HANS (Germ.). Mint-master and warden at Augsburg,
1456-1458.
KOPE, JULES (Germ.). Contemporary Sculptor, born in Poland.
At the Salon of 1885 he exhibited a Portrait-medallion of Jean
Oscar Pauvert de la Chapelle, the well-known collector.
KOPPELLEIN, HANS (Dan.). Mint-master at Copenhagen, 1564-
65.
KOPPERS, HEINRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Cologne, 1722-
17^4. His initials or monogram occur on coins of Clemens August,
Duke of Bavaria, Archbishop of Cologne.
KOPPERS, I. (Germ.). Mint-master at Mtinster, under Maximilian
Friedrich, Count Ktinigseck-Rothenfels, Bishop of Munster, 1762-
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1784- ^ mediil, with portrait of the Bishop, dated 1767, and
eiigriived by EPLI bears Koppers' initials on obv,
KOPPIN, LUDWIG (Girm.). Medalhst and Modeller in wax, born
in 1737 at Kustrin, died arc. 1750. By him is a medaUion in
ivory commemorating the foundation of the Tower of the French
Church at Berlin, abo a Portrait- medal of Duke Leopold of
Brunswick, &c.
KORN, FERDINAND (Germ.). Medallist and Coin-engraver of the
second half of the nineteenth century. He was born ac Mayence,
circa 1825-1830; worked as Engraver at the Diisseldorf Mint, then
at Mayence, previous to 1855 ; nominated Chief-engraver at Berne,
by the Swiss Federal Council, on the r6"' of March 1855; Direc-
tor of the Swiss Federal Mint, i. April 1858 to i. April 1859;
Mitit-master and Chief-engraver at Wiesbaden, and Medallist to the
Government of the Duchy of Nassau, 1859-1866.
Swiss 3 Franc piece, i860, by F. Korn.
During his short stay in Switzerland Korn engraved the follow-
ing coins and medals : One and Two Franc pieces, 1860 and
;>»
IIki^l.- ,j1 Adolpli, Duke ofNassau, 1864, by Korn.
1861 (type slightly altered from that by Antoiue Bovy, who drew
the attention of the Federal Council to the fact that his dies had
been used by Korn, with the addition of KORN in the exergue ot
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— 205 ~
the obverse) ; — Thaler of the Federal Ritle Meeting at Berne,
1857; — Thaler ofthe Rifle Meeting of Zurich, 1859 ;*— Commem-
orative Medal of the Third Swiss Industrial Exhibition at Berne,
1857; — Inauguration of the Federal Mint at Berne. 1.. Septem-
ber, 18$ $(ohv. illustrated); — Jeton with the Engraver's name, &c.
Amongst his German productions, I have come across the
following : Ludwig IH., Grand Duke of Hesse, Double Thaler,
1854 (signed : KOBN, and struck at Mayence) ; — Adolph, Duke of
Nassau, Half Gulden, 1S60, with edge milled after the Swiss
fashion; — Thaler, 1S61, on the Duke's visit to the Wiesbaden
Mint (only 3 struck; one specimen sold at Frankfort-on-Main, April,
1900, for 400 Marks (illustrated); — Thalers, 1863, 1864
Inauguration of the Swiss Todtral iMiiit at Bertie, 1855.
(iliustraled) ; — Civil Medal of Merit, 1865; — Nassau Liie
Saving Medal ; — 25"' Anniversary of the Reign of Duke Adolph,
1864; — Prize Medal of the Agricultural Society, — Portrait-
medal of Napoleon III. I^. GOTT SCHUTZE KAISER UND
REICH (size of Double Thaler and struck at Frankfort on M.) ; —
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— 2o6 —
Baron D*" Julius von Licbig of G lessen; — Medal fov Civil Merit with
portrait of Duke Adolpli of Nassau; — Nassau An and Industrial
Exliibitionat Wiesbaden, 1863;^" Giinsburger "Medal, 1866, etc.
Bibliography, — Arnold Robert, Les TirsfidSraux de laSuisse et lair numisma-
lique ogicielk, 1891. ■ — W. Tobler-Meyer, Die Miini- und MedaiiUtt-Sammhmg des
Herrn Hans Wuvderly-v. MuraUin Zurich, Zurich, 1898. — Julius Isenbeck, Das
Nassaiiisclx Miini^vusen, Wiesbaden, 1879. — Reginald Stuart Poole, Swiss Coins
at the South Kensington Museum. — Joseph u. FeUner, op. cit.
KOBNER. Vide KOERKER supra.
KORNMANN,JOHANN,J.
Goldsmith, Wax-moddl
also CORMAHO, GIOVANNI JACOB0(G('f7(;.).
■r, nnd Mfdnliist of Augsburg, of the
A- -fc ■■ — ■ .Jg
Medal of Filippo Pirovani, by J. Kommann. (obv.)
seventeenth century, who worked at Venice and Rome, during the
latter part of his life, for several Cardinals, and Popes Urban VIII.
and Innocent X., 1630-1650. We read the following notice of the
artist in Bolzenthal : " A ruuch greater celebrity is attached to the
name of Johann Kornmann on whom Nature had Bberally bestow-
ed her favouts. He was born at Augsburg, but inspired with a
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— ■ 207 —
noble enthusiasm he went to Italy. He first lived at Venice,
then in Rome, and gained in both places iis much esteem as for-
tune, by his excellent works in gold, silver and copper. He was
originally a goldsmith, and applying himself to die-engraving, he
executed some very clever medals and for the age some very extra-
ordinary. He executed some medals in Rome for Pope Innocent X.,
one of which refers to the Jubilee ot 1650. This ana the portrait of
M. Antonio Marta(f i63o)with the artist's name in Italian COR-
MANO, indicate the probable time of his residence in Italy and
speak for the artist's talent, as do also the portraits of John. Henisch;
— Cardinal Widmann ; — Filippo Pirovani (illustraled) ; — and
'■m
Franc. M. Brancaccio; it was his misfortune to fall into the hands
of the Inquisition at Rome, and thus to be deprived of his goods
and liberty. "
On a medal of Paul Jordan II., Duke of Bracciano, the signature
is I.I.C.F., and on the accession Medal of Pope Innocent X., it is
OPVS CORHAfill.
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— 208 —
Saioihill (0//fl Podrida, II, p. 341) describes three medals of
Paul Jordan U., and remarlcs : "Cormani's style of engraving is
one of extreme and minute delicacy in finish. You might suppose
that he works with a diamond pencil. His busts of Innocent X.
convey rather the idea of a highly finished dark gem than a bronze
medal; the kind of hard sparkling surface of a stone, than any
medallic effect — I know of nothing like them. "
His signature occurs also on the obv. of a medal of D'' Johann
Henis, of Augsburg, but his best known medal is that commemorating
Innocent X. s Jubilee, 1650, which is signed CORMANVS, F, ; also
on a medal of Henri de Foix, due de Candalle, signed according to
Rondot et De La Tour M.KOREMANO.F. (?) ; — Paul Jordan II., of
Bracciano, 163s; — Flavins, Duke of Bracciano, 1672, etc.
Bibliography. — Bolzenthal, op. dt. — Sainihill, Olla Podrida, II, p. J40. —
Thomseii Catalogue of Medals. — Gahii, op. cit.
KORS, VON DER(Germ.). Mint-master at Weilburg, Nass^iu, 1749-
1754. He engraved coins for Charles Augustus, Prince of Nassau-
Weiiburg (1737-1753). A Thaler (Mehlbacher Mining Thaler) and
Gulden of 1752 bear on truncation ot bust : V^D.K. ; and a Thaler of
same date, with sfightly different obv. but similar ^. has the
monogram .yVv beneath bust. Ammon remarks that Van der Kors
is the author of the Medal of the Heidelberg wine cask of 1746.
KOSBERG, ANBREAS {Germ.). Mint-master at St. Petersburg,
under Catherine the Great, 1789-1795. His initials occur on some
coins issued by him,
KOSIN, NICOLAUS (Riiss.). Mint-engraver, and Medallist at
St. Petersburg, circa 1850 ; he died in 1867. His productions are
usually signed : H. K. Iversen states that Kosin was educated at the
Technical Mining School of the St. Petersburg Technological
Institute, and was appointed Medallist to the St. Petersburg Mint
at the end of the forties. In 1855 he became an Academician.
A medal on the Transfer of the University to the Building of the
twelve Colleges, at St. Petersburg, 1838, is signed : h. koshio, k.
I have also seen a Porirait-medal of Nicholas I, 1856, by him.
Bibliography. ■ — Iversen, Medailhn attf die Thaten Peters iles Gi'ossai, 1872 —
Schliclieysen-PaUmann, cp. cil.
KOUNITZKY, FRANZ (Ausir.). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, residing at Vienna. He is a talented young artist, who
has produced already some excellent work, especially Portraits of
Musicians, &c.
By this Medallist are : Portrait-plaquettes(cast) of Verdi (1902);
— Richard Wagner (1901) (2 var.); — D'' Joachim, 1902; —
.isdo/GoogIc
— 209 -~
Albert Lortzmg (1902); — Portmil-plaquette, obv. Bust of Verdi
^L. Bust of Mascagni, 1902; — ■ Rossini, 1^102; — Leoncavallo,
1902; — Th. Monimsen, at the age of S5, 1902 (illustrated) ; —
Udel; — Tolstoy; — Charpentier; — Ibsen; — Fraulein v,
Wrangel ; '■ — Schmedes ; — Sarah Bernhardt ; — BeltitJi ; —
Portrait-plaquette of Th. Mommsen, by KoumUliy.
Rossini ; — Zumpe; — Eleonora Duse; — Franzi; — Schumann;
— Kubelik ; — Wolff; ^ d'Anunzio ; — Hauptraann ; — Charpen-
tier; — Portrait-plaquette, obv. Robert Schumann IJd.. Klara Schu-
mann; — Leo Tolstoy ; — Brahms; ^ A. Girardi ; — H. Niese,etc.
BiBLiOGKAPHY. — Dompierre de Chaufepi^, MMailles el Plnqnettes moderites,
11. — Mittheilun^en des Ktubs der Miiii^- uiid MedaiUen/reunde, 1901-2.
KOSTKA VON POSTUPIC, BOHDS (Austr.). Mint-master to the
Chapter of SS. Peter and Paul am Wyschehrad, 1493- 15 05.
L. Fdsbeb. — Skgraplikai HoH^t, of MiiallUa. — III. 14
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KOSTKA VON POSTUPIC, WILHELM (Austr.). Mint-master to the
Chapter of SS. Peter and Paul am Wyschehrad, 1512-1513, 1514,
IJ15-1518, and 151S-1521.
KOUNRAD (^Germ.). Moneyer and Coin-engraver of the tenth
century, whose name KOVNRAD ME FECIT occurs on German brac-
teates, mentioned by Dannenberg {Zeitschrift fur Numismalik,
1886, p. 259).
KOWALSKl (Po/.). Medalhst of the nineteenth century, who
struck a series of medals of Polish Kings (Schom's Kunstblaiter,
1840).
KOWARZIK, JOSEF (G^J-m.)- Contemporary Sculptor, andMedallist,
residing at Frankforc-on-Main ; learned medal-engraving under
■y of liie Birili ol Goethe, 1
Professors Tautenhayn and St. Schwartz, and at the Vienna
Academy of Decorative Arts. He is the author of the following
medals and plaquettes : Plaquette on the 150''' Anniversary of the
birth of Goethe, 1899 (ilhstrakd) ; — Leopold Sonnemann,
Portrait-medal, 1901; — Allegorical Medal; — Clara Monneron ;
■ — Eugenie and Johanna von Rath; — 60"' Anniversary and
,;.Goo'^lc
Jubilee of the Frankfort sculptor Hans Thoma; — 75''' Anniversary
ofProf. Julius Stoclchausen, 1901 ; — Adolph Menzel, painter; —
Friedricli Stoltze, 1891 (^. by one of Kowarzick's pupils);
Hermann, Lizzie and Thea, by Kowarzik.
— M. & M"" Rotlihan I^. their three children {^L. illustra-
ted);— Nursing Exhibition at Franliforr-on-M.; — 25"' Anni-
versary of the Voluntary Fire-Brif;ade of Frat]kfort-on-M. ; —
Wilhelm and Elisabeth; — Dori, bust of a young peasant girl;
— The Walkyrie; ■ — Golden Wedding of D' Ernst Passavant and
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— . 212 -—
his wife Louise ; — Exhibition of Means for preventing Accidents
(Unfallschutz) at Frankfort-on-Main, 1900; —August Weismann ;
— Theodore Mommsen (illustrated); Inauguration of the new
Town Hall atFranltfort-on-Main, 1903 ; — Silver Wedding of D' phi!.
Dietrich Cunze, 1898; — The Oppenheim family, 1898; —
Betrothal of Else von Guaita with Walter Lampe, 1895 ; — Medal
of the Venetian Exhibition, 1904; — Paul Ehrlich, Director of the
Institute of Experimental Therapeutics at Frankfort-on-Main, 1904;
— D'' Eugen Lucius Medal ; — Max von Guaita, president of the
Frankfort Chamber of commerce ; — Prof. Girl Weigert, anatomist
and director of the Pathological Institute, &c.
"Zu den hervorragendsten Erscheinungen unter den deutschen
Medailleuren zahlt deran dem Staedelschen Kunstinstitm in Frankfurt
a. M. als Lehrer thatige Plastiker Professor Joseph Kowarzik : Die
Wiener Kunstgewerbeschule, spSter die Akademie der bildenden
Kiinste in Wien (Schule Helmer) waren die Stiitten, an welchen
sich der Genius des Kfinstlers entwickelte, seine Meisterschaft Hegt
gegenwiirtig noch vorwiegend in den Portraitseiten seiner Medaillen,
von welchen einzelne zu dem Besten ziihlen, was deutsche Medail-
leurkunst in letzter Zeit geschaffen ; doch :iuch in den Revevsen,
deren Zeichnung mitunter nicht einwandsfrei ist, bekundet sich
ein starkes, eigenartiges Talent, dessen Anregungen in tiie Zeit des
XV. und XVI. Jahrhunderts zuriickfuhren " (Moderne Medailh, 1900,
P-7)-
" Josef Kowars^ik", says a writer in Studio. XXXI, 83 " is a
refined and resourceful sculptor of the first rank".
KOZEL VON RIESENTHAL, SIEGMUND (Bohem.). Joint Mint-master
to the Chapter of SS. Peter and Paul am Wyschehrad, 1619-1620.
K. R. or K. N. R. Fide KNOLL (Warden) and RIEDENER (Mint-
master), at Nuremberg, 1777-1793.
KR. Fide CHRISTIAN JOSEPH KRDGER JUNIOR. Mint-engraver and
Medalhst at Dresden, 17S5-1814.
KRABICE VON WEITMILE, BEMES (Bohcm.). Mint-master to the
Chapter of SS. Paul and Peter am Wyschehrad, 1471-1496.
KRAENDEL, WENZEL {Austr.'). Mint-engraver at Hall in Tyrol,
1484-1496, " Eysengreber der grossen Groschen. " He cut the dies
of the well-known Tyrolian Thaler, the so-called " Grosser Gros-
chen", dated i486, which shows on obv. the Duke Sigismund
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standing full face (iiluslrated). The dies of this coin ;ire preserved
at the Vienna Mint,
Thaler of Tyrol, i486, by Wenzel Kraeudel.
Bibliography. — Katalog der K. K. Win\cn-und Medaillen Stempd Sai,
•n Wimi, 1902.
uhmg
KRAFTT, HANS (Germ.). Goldsmith of Nuremberg, early part ot
the sixteenth century; died in 1523 (?) Ehrenberg, Nachrichlen uler
Niirnberger MunT^-und Medaillen-Pragiingen im Auftrage Friedrkhs
des Weisen von Sackm, 1889, has been able to identify him as the
Engraver of the coins of Frederick the Wise of Saxony (from circa
1510), from designs by the "Meister Lux", also named " Maier
MoUer", probably Lucas Cranach,
Hans Krafft succeeded Hans Krug the Elder as Mint-engraver at
Nuremberg in 1509 and worked in that capacity until 1513, when
Hans Krug the Younger was appointed to the office. On the
latter's death in 15 18, Hans Krafft was once more emploj'ed,
until 1523.
Thaler of Frederick III. the Wise, by Hans Krafft.
In a document quoted by Schucbardt in Lucas Cranach des Adier-
n Leben tmd Wirkm (Leipzig, 1851-71), Krafft is described as an
o,Goo(^[c
old slow man (alt lanksam Mail), for which cause he may probably
have been replaced at the Mint in 1513 by Hans Krug Junior.
Hans Krafft may be rhe Engraver of the coins and medals repre-
sented in Tenuel t, PI. 2, iii, iv; 3, rv-vii; 4, i and iii and similar
pieces; it is certain that he cut the dies of the Guldengroschen
•■- -'^- ,#""■$,,
Schreckenbergcr of FreJenck III
of MDXXII and Schreckenberger (| Thaler) of same date, bearing
on obv". the Bust of the Prince Elector to r. wearing cap, and
on ]?£..*> VERBVM ^ DOMINI * MANET : IN*AETERNVM.
Cross, etc.
KRAFFT, GOTTFRIED (Gervi.). Gem-cngvaver of Danzig, second
half of the eighteenth century. He was one of the cleverest pupils
of Natter, and known at Rome as // Tedesco, where he attained
some notoriety. "He is certainly an Engraver of merit," says
Raspe, "and his manner can scarcely be distinguished fromPichler's."
By him is a fine cameo ■with head of Augustus.
Bibliography. — Babelon, Pierres gravies, 1894.
KRAFFT, JOHANN MARTIN(^MSir.). Medallist, and Assistant Mint-
engraver at Vienna, circa i'j^6-i'j6^ ; then Chief-engraver at the
Mint of Milan, 1770-1777; and later at Munich, where he died
in 17S1, at the age of 43.
His signature occurs on the following medals : Victory of Count
Daun against the Prussians near Kolin, 18. June 1757 (engraved in
conjunction with A. Wideman); — Coronation of the Archduke
Joseph atFrankfort-on-M., 3. April 1764 (signed : KRAFFT. F.); —
Recovery of the Empress Maria Theresia from smallpox, 1767
(obv. signed : M. KRAFFT F. (illustrated) ; — The Emperor Joseph 11,
visits Italy, 1769; — Prize Medal, with bust of Maria Theresia,
for service,s in textile industries in Lombardy, 1769; — Visit of
King Frederick 11. of Prussia to Neustadt in Moravia, 1770; —
Amehoration of the old Customs Laws in Mantua (^. only); —
The new Penitentiary at Milan, 1770; — Commercial Unity in
the German and Italo-Austrian States, 1770; — The new Orphan
Houses at Milan and Mantua, 1770; — The University of Pavia,
,/Googk
lyyo; — The ArchdukeFerdinand :is Governor of Lombardy, 1771 ;
— Wax model of Prince Alberico XII. di Belgioioso, -f 1813 ; —
Completion of the University Buildings at Pavia, 1772 ; — Journey
of the Emperor Joseph II, to Transsylvania, 1773 (2 var.) ; — The
Occupation of the three Principahnes of Castiglione, Medula and
Solferino, and their integration into the Duchy of Mantua, 1773 ;
^■r
Recovery of ilie Empress Maria Tlieresia, by M. Krafft.
— Occupation of Galicia and Lodomeria, 1773 ; — Jcton of 1773,
on the same event; — Gynecological Academies instituted at
Milan and Mantua, 1774; — Birth of the first Child of the Arch-
duke Ferdinand and Maria Beatrix, 1775 ; — Another variety; —
Botanic Gardens of Milan and Pavia, 1775; — Building of the
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— 2l6 ~
Adda-Como Canal, 1777; — Prize Medal for the Promotion of
Agriculture and Industry in Lombardy, 1777; — The Observatory
at Milan, 1779; — Prince Wenzel von Kaunitz-Ritberg, Chan-
cellor of State, 1711-1794 (1773); — Christoph, Cardinal
A. Migazzi, 1772; — Metastasio, Poet ; — Election of Hieronymus,
Count von Colloredo, as Archbishop of Salzburg, 1772 ; — Medal
of the Paris Academy ; — and over two hundred Portraits in wax of
celebrated Persons; — Obstetric School of Milan and Mantua,
1774, etc.
Bolzenthal observes that Krafft established his fame as one of the
first engravers of bis time. He was the son of a Goldsmith, and
worked in Germany, France and Italy.
Martin Krafft's signature ocairs in the following forms : K. F.; —
K ; — M. KRAFFT ; — M. KRAFFT F. ; — KRAFFT F, , etc.
Bibliography. — Domanig, Porlratmedaillen des Et~(hattses Oesterrekh, Wien,
1896. — Kaidog der MMitn-uni UedaillairSlempfl-Sammlin^ des K. K. Haupl-
fniln^amies in Wimi, 1901. — Thomson Catahmii. — Edouard Fiala, Beschreibung
der Sammlung Bohmhcbir Miin^en u«d Medaillen des Max Doneiauer, Prag, 1888,
— ■ Bolzenthal, cp. cit. — Amnion, op. cit. — Joseph u. Felhier, op. cit.
KRAFFT, MARTIN (Jtistr.') Medallist, and Mint-engraver at
Vienna, Munich and Milan, during the second and third quarters
of the eighteenth century; born in 1738; died at Munich in 1781.
He is mentioned as student at the Vienna Mint School of Engraving
(Graveurkunstscholar), 1771-1775 ; Assistant-engraver at the Mint,
after 1775. About this time, offers were made to the Engraver of
a post at the Brussels mint, which he declined. He engraved,
amongst others, a Pon rait- medal of Hieronymus, Archbishop of
Salzburg, 1772. Fide lOHANN MARTIN KRAFFT supra.
KRAKATJ, DANIEt (Germ.). Son of Michael Krakau, employed at
the Mint of Breslau. He invented a Coining-.press, which was cast
at Kremnitz and first put into use at Breslau in 1717. There is a
medal by P. H. Miiller, 1717, representing Krakau's machine.
BiBLioGKAPHY. — Frierfensburg, Schksiens neuere Mmi^geschkhk.
KRAKAU, MICHAEL {Germ.) of Danzig, received an appointment
at the Mint of Briegin Silesia in 1650 and was still in office in 1705,
working at the same time for other mints.
Bibliography. — Frie dens burg, op. cil.
KRAHE, CHRISTOPH JACOB {Auslr.). Mint Bailiif at Kuttenberg ;
died on the 19"' of April, 1702,
Bibliography, — C. Oesterrekher, loc. cil.
KRAKOWSKY, PHILIPP, Count KOLOWRAT (Auslr.). Mint-raasler
general in Bohemia, 1732-1748.
Bibliography. — Fiala, Summlung bohmischer Miiiiien, etc.
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~- 217 —
KRALL, ENGELHARD JOHANN (Germ.'). Interim Minc-mnstcr at
Frankfort-on-M., 1742, then Mint-master at Brunswick. A Ducat
of Frankfort, 1742, bears his initials E. I. K. In conjunction with
Christian Lebrecht Schild, Krall issued Coronation coins of
Charles VII., in gold and silver. Previous to 1742, Krall appears to
have held office as Mint-master to Count Christian Ernest of
Stolberg.
Bibliography. — Paul loseiili 11. EJ. Fellner, Die Mmtmi von Frmikfutt-a-M.,
1896.
KRALLOWITZ (KRALLWITZ, KRALOWSKY), FERDIMAND {Germ.).
Seal-engraver at Breslau, mentioned in 1649 and 1650.
KRALLOWITZ, HANS GEORG {Germ.). Seal-engraver at Breslau,
1652 — f 1674 at the age of 63.
KRAMER, BERNARD {Dutch). Minr-nKister at Campen, 1717-1721.
BiBLiOGr.APHY. — Friedensburg, op. cit.
KRAMER, COENRAAD HENDRIK {Dutch). Mint-master at Medcm-
blik, 1711-1714, later at Canipen, i73i-i754(?)
KRAMER, HANS (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Breslau, 1627.
KRAMER, IGNATZ {Bohem.). Mint-master at Prague, 1746-1747,
under the reign of Maria Theresia. Previously, he had filled the
office of Mint-virarden, 1730-1734, then Mint-master, 1734-1740,
at Breslau, He was raised to the nobility as"Edler von Munzburg",
and was Mint-director at Kremnitzwhen he died.
KRAMER, JOHANN GEORG {Germ.). Mint-warden at Ratisbon,
KRAMER, KARL (Germ.). Die-sinker of Cologne (?), whose
medals belong to the second quarter of the nineteenth century.
One of these commemorates the Carnival at Cologne, 1838,
and another, with portrait of Gutenberg, the fourth centenary of
the Invention of the Printing Press.
KRAMER, WOLF (Germ.). Goldsmith of Worms, and in conjunc-
tion with Hans Kock, Mint-warden to the Landgrave William of
Hesse and the Counts Albert and John Louis of Nassau, during the
latter end of the sixteenth century.
BiBLiOGHAPHY. — Isenbecli, Dai Naisauische Miinjiiuesen, 1899.
KRAPP or KRAPPE, HANS {Germ.). A burgher of Breslau ;
contracted to work the Royal Mint of Breslau, 1540-1541 ; appointed
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on Nov. 13, 1545, by the Prince-Elecror Joachim of Brandenburg
Mint-master-general throughout his dominions.
By a resolution dated Prague, i. Feb. 1540, King Ferdinand
ordered Krapp to pay, instead of his yearly due of 900 Gulden, a
Royalty of 10 Kreutzer or 5 Silesian Groschen on each Mark of
silver coined by him.
Bibliography. — Friedensburg, cp. cil. — Oesierrcicher, op. c'U.
KRAUEB, FRANZ KARL {Stuiss'). Mint-master at Lucerne, 1724-
1737, and again in 1744. Son of Wilhelm Krauer; born in 1691.
In 1724 he was appointed Mini-master tor Nidwald (Untervald) in
succession to his brother-in-law Gebhard Dub ; in 1739 the Lucerne
Council obliged him to resign his post as Mint-master in Obwald.
Between 1738 and 174s, he acted as Mint-master at Appenzell. He
died at Tegerschen in 1745.
BiBLiOGR.'iPHY. — Dr Th. voii Liebenau, Die Miinj^meisler von Lu^erti, 1890.
KRATJER, HANS JORG (Swiss). Goldsmith, Seal-engraver, and
Painter of Lucerne. He iilled the office of Mint-master there between
1673 and 1677, and again from 1682 to 1694. On 12. Sept. 1677,
he was granted a leave of absence to superintend the Mint at Sion
for the Bishop Adrian V. von Riedmatten, in whose service he
remained until 1683. From 1692-1693, H. J. Krauer acted as
Mint-master at Z\ig. In 1702 he was still living,
KRAUER, WILHELM (Swiss). Son of Hans jorg Krauer; born
in 1661 ; died in 1718. He first worked as a Goldsmith, but later
practised also Die-cutting. In 1707 he was appointed Mint-master
at Sion, where the famous J. C. Hedlinger was apprenticed to
him; in 1710 he returned to Lucerne, and was appointed Mint-
master there on the 31. March 1713 for a period of three years.
After many diiticulties with the Town Council, his resignation
was accepted, and he was free to take the post that was offered to
him as Mint-master at Montb^liard, acting at the same time for the
Bishop of Basle, Johann Konrad von Reinach, at his Mint of Por-
rentruy.
Fussli remarks : " Selbst Joh. Karl Hedlinger's Lehrer Krauer
war wohl nichts wenigerals Kunstler. Vielleicht verstund er nichts
als das Gepriige gewohnlichev Munzen, nichts aber von Zeichnung,
von Schneiden kiinstlicher Schaumunzen und derglelchen. "
The coins minted at Sion previous to 1710 are heavy and badly
cut ; those of 1710 which were engraved by Hedlinger are already
of a totally different character, notwithstanding that the young artist
was not yet twenty years old.
Bibliography. — Liebenau, op. cit. — Amberg, Der Medailleur Johann Karl
Hedlinger, Einsiedela, 1887. — fUssMn, GeschkhlederbeiiefiKimstkrittderSchweii,
III, p. 76.
,stsd by Google
- 2t9 -
KSAUMANN, ALEXANDER (Germ.). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Budapest in 1870, lately residing at Frankfort-on-M., now zt
Dresden. The only medallic productions! have noticed by him are
a comracmoriitive plaquette, struck at Mayer &Wilhelm's works at
Stuttgart, of the Third Centenary of the Salzbrunn Spa (Silesia),
1901 ; — Gold Medal for the Venice Fine Art Exhibition, 1903
(reproduced in The Studio, Feb. 1905, p. 78, and described as
" rather full of detail on the obverse, and cleverly reminiscent of
Venice's one-time Byzantine glory"); ■ — Plaquette, with standing
nude figure playing on the harp, and others.
" This artists plaquettes are exemplary in their distribution ot
light and shade, and the modelling is in an admirable, large spirit,
though in single parts the proportions may not be quite beyond
criticism", {Studio, 1905, p- 78).
Third Centenary of the Upper Wells at Salzbrunn.
KRAUS, KLkVS (Bohem.). Mint-master at Joachimsthal, 1531-37-
He was appointed in March, 1535, in succession to Ulrich Gcbhard.
He was a Saxon by origin. For malversation in bis ofGce, he suffered
imprisonment, from March 1535 to 25. May 1537, when lie was
released by King Ferdinand's order, but his subsequent history is
not known. His mint-mark is a rufl. Hans Weizelmann succeeded
him at Joachimsthal.
BiBLioGKAPHY. — E. Fiala, Klaiis Kraus, Mimimeisler voti Joachimsthal, 1898.
— Do, Dos Miiii{wssm der Grafm Schlkk, Num. Zeit., 1850, p. 205,
,/ Google
KRAUS, HANS (Germ.). Moneyer at Teschen, 1613.
KRAUSE, ADAM (Germ.). Mint-master at Reichenstein, f 1605.
KRAUSE, BALTHAZAR (Germ.). Mint-master to the Princes and
States of Silesia, 1623.
KRAUSS.CH. (^MjJr.)- Editor of meiialsof Budapest, who piiblisli-
ed various medals, amongst which 1 have noticed : The Jews
granted right of possession, 1 860 ; — ■ 40* Anniversary of the Iimperor
Francis Joseph's Reign, 1888 ; — The Emperor's JuDileo, 1898, &c.
KRATJSS, HANNS (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Nuremberg, 1572-
1575-
KBAWER. Vide KRADER sitprd.
KRAUWINCKEL, DAMIAN (Germ.). Nuremberg Counter-manufac-
turer of the end of the sixteenth century, from circa 1566, His
name DOMIANVS KRAU WIKC ; — DAMIANVS KRAVWINCKEL, &c.,
occurs on counters described by Neumann, Kupfer-Mun^en, Vol. V,
n°' 32183-89. Damiaii and Egidius Krauwinckel were no doubt
related to Hans Krauwinckel and seem to have preceded him by a
few years.
KRADWIKCKEL, EGIDIUS (Germ.). Nuremberg Counter-manufac-
turer of the end of the sixteenth century; the date M.D.LXXI
occurs on one of his counters, which are usually bearing his name
spelt in various forms : EGIDIVS * KR ; — EGIDIVS ■ KRA. ; — EGIDIVS
KRAVWINCKEL ;— EGIDI KRAVWINCKELL; — EGIDII KRAVV ; — E.K. ;
— E. KRAVWINCKEL NVR. Neumann describes twelve varieties of
counters by Egidius Krauwinckel, most of them from the late
D' Freudcnthal's collection.
KRAUWINCKEL, HANS (Germ.). One of the best known Nurem-
berg Counter-manufacturers of the end of the sixteenth and begin-
ning of the seventeenth centuries. His name occurs in various forms
on his issues : HANKS ■ KRAVWINCKEL ■ IN ■ NVR ; — HAKNSKRA V
WINCKEL ■ IN- NVRENB ; — HANNS. ■ KRAVWINCKEL ■ IN ■ NV; —
HANNS-KRAVWmCKELBIN ICH BEKONT, &c,;— HANS KRAVWINC-
KEL NVREKBER ; — H, K. ; — H, KRAVWI ; — H. KRAV ; — HK, &c.
Neumann describes no less than ninety-two varieties of Counters
by this maker (Vol. V, n"' 32222-32314); some are dated 1588,
1589, 1601, 1605, 1610, 1611, Sec.
Hans Krauwinckel's counters bear legends in Latin, German,
French, failing sometimes in orthography, now religious in their
meaning, now profane, as : GOTTES SEGEN MACHT REICH —
GOTTES GABEN SOLE MAN LOBEN ~ HEVT ROOT MOR-
GEN TODT.They representall sorts ofsubjects, Alexanderthe Great,
,/ Google
with the inscription : ALEXANDER HANG (!) 1601; fame;
Fortuna Variabilis (!); Adam and Eve 1^. Christ on the Cross;
David and Jonathan; Joab and Amasa; Hainan and Mordecai;
Judith; Saul and Samuel; Samuel and David ; the Beast in Reve-
lation ; Jupiter and Ganymede ; Jupiter and Europa ^ Pallas, Juno,
and Venus; Pluto with Cerberus; Neptune, Hercules, and Pallas ;
Mars atid Venus; Apollo and Diana, Meleager and Atalanta;
Perseus; Caphalus and Procris ; Pyramus and Thisbe; Honos et
Virtus; Hannibal; Sciplo Africanus; Romulus and Remus; Curtius
leaping into the fiery lake ; Popilius, the Rom:in legate, drawing a
circle round Antiochus IV. of Syria; Charles V., of Germany ;
Arms of Constantinople, with Portrait of Sultan; Henry IV. of
France, on horseback, 1606; Henry IV. and Marie de Medici, with
View of Rheims; Bust ot Vespasian Ri. IVD-^A CAPTA S.C., — but
the most common type is the Imperial orb within tressure, or Flora!
decorations. The execution of most of these pieces is superior to
the generality of Nuremberg counters, and accounts for their great
success and vogue, which made them sought after even in this
Nuremberg Counter, by Hans Krauwincl;i;l .
country, where they were often circulated as money to supply the
dearth of small currency, or used as blanks over which Tradesmen's
Tokens were struck.
The " Counters" or "jetons" were originated in France in the
thirteenth century and were commonly used in that country,
Germany, the Netherlands, and in England, from about the time
of Henry VIII., for the purpose of reckoning. SneUing gives an
interesting account of the manner in which counters -were used, vi^.
by laying them on lines, increasing in their value from the bottom,
which is a line of Units; the second, or next above it, is a line of
Tens; the third a line of Hundreds, the fourth of Thousands, and
so on. A counter laid on the first line is only i, being laid on the
second line it is 10, on the third It is a 100, on the fourth it is a
1000, on the fifth it is loooo, &c. A counter laid in the space
between the first and second line is 5 ; between the second and
third it is 50; between the third and fourth it is 500; and so on;
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— 222 —
being in all cases equal to five of those which lay on the line under
it, and half of one of those on the line over it. By this contrivance,
less rooni is required to perform the operations in, and they are done
by half the number; that is, four counters on each line, and one
above it, are sufficient, instead of nine, which would otherwise
have been wanted on each line ". He then goes on to describe how
additions and subtractions were made.
In the Netherlands and Austria, historical counters were given as
"Etrennes" every New year ; in France, the Kings were accustomed
to present them to officers of their Household, and Public Bodies
in their turn to the Kings and Princes of the Blood,
One of Hans Krauwinckel's counters represents Queen Elizabeth
on horseback ^L Shield of France andEnguind, and another, proba-
bly by him, bears on obv. a full blown heraldic rose with the
cipher of K H (Henry VIII. and Katharine ?) on 1^, Another bears
allusion on ^L to the Massacre of the S' Bartholomew (Fide Num.
Chronicle, 1896, p. 272).
" The counters struck at Niirnberg became current for reckoning
in England nbout i'">8 but were forbidden currency bv statute in
1335. " (Boj e Tad TJ I p f e x\}
a idDesigti of jHlons orCounters,
KREBEL. I d KNEBEL MATH EU p
KREBS, V. (A ) D le Kl ^ nfurt, by whom there is a
medal with portrait of Thomas Koschat, the Composer, 1895.
KREISSEL MEYER, J. (Germ.). Mint-engraver atEdenkoben, 1890.
KRELL (Germ.). Mint-master at Saalfeld, 1835-6.
KREMER, JOSEPH (FrewcA). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Trom-
boni (Moselle) ; pupil of A. Poitevin. He is the author of some
Portrait-medallions in clay and bronze; two were exhibited at the
Salon of 1 87 1, one representing the French Republic, and the other
being a Study.
BiiiLiOGRAPHY. — Cliavigncrie et Auvray, o/>. cU.
, Google
Kress, AHTON (Germ.). Assistant Mint-engraver at Kuremberg,
1504.
KRESS, GUSTAVUS (Germ.). Die-sinker, whose signature occurs
on a medal of Goethe, 1863 .
KRETSCHMAR.HOWARD(^;jjgr,). Die-sinker of Chicago (U.S. A.),
who cut amongst otliers a medal of Dr Moses Gunn, of Chicago
(Amer.J.N. 851).
KRIEG, JOHANN (G«-m.). Mint-master at Stolberg, 1 620-1660. His
issues usually bear his initials I. K. Schlickeysen suggests that he may
have engraved coins, signed I. K. for Eimbeck, 1629. In the lieim-
mann Sale there were a Thaler, 1645, Double Thaler, 1646, and
Quarter Thaler, 1649, of Johann Martin, Count of Stolberg, all
signed I. K,
KRIEGER, ALBBECHT (Germ,). Mint-engraver and Medallist at
Leipzig, during the second half of the seventeenth century. His
signature A. B. K. occurs on medals of Duke Bernhard II. of Saxony,
one of them commemorating his 3 5''' Birthday, 1672, Duke Johann
Adolphof Weissenfels, andRefortnationMedals, 1717, with portrait
of Luther, &c. The work on these, says Bokenthal, " is of inferior
merit ".
— Th, Distel, Altmhl Krkgm Reformti-
KRIEGER, PAUL (Germ.). Goldsmith of Munich, 1615 ; Mint-
director there, 1620.
KRINOS, PETROS (Greek). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Syra
(Greece) ; pupil of Letourneau and Sochos ; and author of various
Portrait-medallions, which were exhibited at the Paris Salon, since
KRISPIN, HIERONYMUS (Pol.). Royal Treasurer for Lithuania,
1664-1666. According to Nagler (Monogrammislen,l\l,p. 447) his
initials H. K. P. L. (Hieronymus Krispin PodskarU LUeiosh) occur bn
coins of that period.
KRIZ, WEWZEL (Sokw.). Medallist of Prague, who died in 1887.
By him are the following medals : Hynck J. Heger, stenographer,
1 808- 1 85 4; — JohnHuss, 5''' Centenary, 1868; — Josefjungmann,
linguist, 1773-1847;^ — Ticket of the Karlsbad Library; ■ — ^ Prize
Medal of the Agricultural Exhibition at Chrudim, 1881 ; — Prize
Medal of the Agricultural Exhibition at Mistek, 1876; — Prize
Medal of the Bohemian Industrial Society, 1872; — Another, of
1S76 ; — Prize Medal of the Bohemian Agricultural Society, 1879;
./Google
— 224 ■"
— Prize Medd for Apiculture; — Arrival of American Czeclis,
1885; — Industrial Exhibition at Raudnitz, 1884; ™ Industrial
Exhibition at Tabor, 1886; — Memorial Medal of the Emperor
Ferdinandl., on his death, 1875 ; — Visit to Prague of the Emperor
Francis Joseph, 1874, &c.
KROH, JOHANN CHRISTOPH (Germ.). Mining-Master and Superio-
tendent of the Mint at Kuttenberg, 1678-1702. His initials C. K.
occur on the coins issued during his tenure of office. Fiala's Cata-
logue of the Donebauer Collection describes forty-seven varieties of
coins with Kroh's mark, C "XK, within ornamenial panel, compris-
ing gold, silver, and copper currency.
KROHN, FREDERICK CHRISTOPHER(/:)ii(J.)- Sculptor and Medallist,
born at Copenhagen, 4. August 1806; Pupil of the Copenhagen
Academy of Fine Arts, Dalou, Freund, and Brandt; Mint-engraver
there, from 1833 until 1863 or later. He is usually known as FRITZ
KROHN. His signature occurs as F. KROHN K. or F. K. By him are :
Jubilee of the University of Kiel, 1834; — Portrait-medallion ot
Frederick VI. of Denmark ^ AEQVn'AS AVGVSTI, 1834; "
Industrial Exhibition at Copenhagen, 1836; — Herman Wcssel,
poet, 1742-1835 ; — Third Centenary of thf Kt;form.iiioii, 1836;
■• Medal of King Cliri
1 Vlll.,
1840.
— Memorial Medal of King Christian VIII., 1848; —Agricultural
Prize Medal, 1861; — Another, of 1863; — Accession Medal of
Christinn VIII., 1S39 ; — Silver Wedding Medal of Christian VIII.,
and Caroline Amalie, 1840. (^L. only; illustrated). The two last
medals were designed by tSie great sculptor Thorwaklsen ; ^ Jubilee
of King Frederick VI.,; — 4* Centenary of the House of Oldenburg;
— Some Coin-dies for the currency of Christian VIII. ; — Portrait-
medals of celebrated Personages; — Busts, &c.
./Google
Bolzeiithal makes the following comment on the artist ;
"F. Krohn, bora in 1806, has worked as a Medallist since 1833
and was before that a Sculptor, which we may perceive on his
medals. On his journey through Germany he wenttoBerUn, where
he studied die-sinking under Brandt, If wc compare Krohn's earlier
works, such as the medal of the comic poet Hermann Wessel, with
his later ones, such as that on the Festivities in commemoration
of the acceptance of the Augsburger Confession of Faith, we notice
much progress".
KROHNEMANN, 'CHR/; WILHELM, Baron von (Germ.'). Alchemist
and Mint-director at Bayreuth, 1677-1686,
KROLL, ERNST DIETRICH (Germ.) of Durlach. Mint-master at
Wcilburg, 1749-1750. His signature C; — E.C., or EDC. occurs on
coins issued by him, of Charles Augustus, Count of Nassau-
Weilburg([2, 4 and i Kreutzerpieces, 1749; ;V Ducat and Gulden,
1750).
Bibliography. — Iseiibeck, op. cil.
KRONCKE, MARTIN (Germ.). Director of the Mint at Breslau, frotn
February 1752 until 1764; afterwards. Director-general of the
Silesian Coinage ;■[■ 1770.
BiBtiOGRAPHY, — Friedensburg, op. cil.
KRONIOS (Greek). One of the few names of ancient Gcm-cngravers
whom Pliny has left on record. King, Handbook &c., p. 366, gives
three gems, all of which are modern, bearing that signature : Terp-
sichore, standing, and resting her lyre on a cippus : suspected by
Bracci to be the work of Sirletti ; — Jupiter caressing his eagle :
cameo (old Poniatowski Coll") ; — Perseus with the head of Medusa
KPnNIOT : sard (Devonshire). Known to be modern.
Bibliography. — Furtwangler, Gsinmm mil Kilnsllerinschriften, i88g,
KRONVEST or KRONNEST, BERNHARD (Austr.). Mint-master at
Vienna, 1332 (?)
KROPF, FRANZ LEOPOLD (Austr.). Mint-master at Weissenburg
(Alba Julia-Carlsburg), circa 1713.
KROPF,-JOHANN ERNEST (Austr.). Mint-master at Hermannstadt,
appointed on ao. June 1709.
KROPF, LEOPOLD WILHELM (^wj^/r.). Mint-master at Nagy-Banya.
5. January 1703 to 1713.
KRUCKENBERGER, GEORG (Germ.). Mint-master at Cassel, 1637-
1640, HcJxter, 1646, and Hildesheim, 1 660-1 661. 1 have noticed his
>stsd by Google
signature GVK on Tlialers and Half Thalers, 1637, of William V.,
Landgrave of Hesse- Casscl,
KRUEGER (Germ.). Gold worker and Engraver of Berlin, first half
of the eighteenth century. He engraved false Thalers ol NeuchAtel,
1714 and 1715, which bear his initial K under King's bust; also
false Thalers of Berlin, dated 1730 and 1731. TiWe Von Schrotter,
Die M.un:(prdgung in Neueiiburg &c., 1900.
KRUEGER, ALBRECHT (Germ.). Medallist of Leipzig, early part of
the eighteenth century. I have not met with any medal by this
Engraver.
KRUEGER, ARTHUR (Germ.). Medallist residing at Berlin, and
Director, since 1895, of the "Berhn MedallicMint of L.Ostermann,
formerly G. Loos". By him is a Jubilee Plaquette of the Loos Die-
sinking estabhshment, 1901, signed A. KRuiSER FEC. ; also Medals :
First Communion; — Official medal of the Inauguration of the
Berlin cathedral, 1905. This last medal has on obv. a bust of
William IL and on ]^. a vievi' of the cathedral.
KRDEGER, CHRISTIAN JOSEPH (Germ.). Mint-engraver and Medal-
list at Dresden; son ofEPHRAIM BENJAMIN K, and younger brother
of FRIEDRICHHEINRICH K.; born at Dresden in 1759, and died
there on the 4''' of February 1814. He studied drawing and sculp-
ture at the Academy of Dresden, under the direction of Hutin and
Knofler. After eight years' studies, he undertook journeys through
Livonia and Russia, and worked at various places, giving his spec-
ial attention to Portrait -medallions in wax, busts and terra-cottas.
At St. Petersburg he first began medal-engraving, to which art he
later on devoted himself entirely. He was employed in Prussia,
and called back to Dresden in 1790, as second Engraver to the
Mint.
Amongst his best known medals are ; Conclusion of the Treaty
of Pilnitz, 1791 (signed : C. I. KRUGER lUN.); — Mayen captured
from the French by the Prussians, 1793 (signed : C. I. KRUGER F.) ;
— Peace of Tilsit, 1807, ^. IM GENUSS WOHLTHATIGER
RUHE; — The new Century, iSoo; — Georg Joachim ZoUiko-
fer, theologian of Leipzig, -f 1788 ; — Reinhard, Saxon theolo-
gian; — Jubilee of Franz Georg Lock, Bishop of Bautzen, 1801;
— D' E. Jenner, Peace ofLuneville, 1801 (2 var.); —The Elector-
ate of Saxony erected into a Kingdom, 1806; — Napoleon at
Dresden, 1807.
By him are also : Crucifix in ivory; — Venus and Amor
(after Knofier) ; — Charon (after Hutin), &c. in terra cotta.
Bibliography. — Bolzenlhal, op. dl. — Edwards, The Napoleon Medals. —
Hciinin, Histoire immistrmliquedelaRevolulionfraiifaise. — Tobler-Meyer, IVunderly-
, V..OO'
,glc
- Reimmann Catalogue. — MuUer and Singer, Algemeines
KRUEGER.EPHRAIM BENJAMIN (Germ.). Engraver on amber of
Dresden, eighteenth century, father of Christian Joseph, and Frie-
drich Heinrich Krueger,
KRUEGER, EMIL (Germ.'). Director of the " Berlin Medal Mint of
L. Osiermann, formerly G. Loos", from 1871 to 1893. He succeed-
ed L. Ostermann, and was himself a clever artist. For some of his
productions, cfr. GOTTFRIED BERNHARD LOOS, infrd.
KRUEGER, FRIEDRIGH HEINRICH (Germ.). Mint-engraver, and
Medallist at Drosden ; born in 1749 ; died in 1805 (?) He studied the
fine arts at the schools of his native city, and received tuition in med-
al engraving from the celebrated medallist, Wermuth. He then went
to Denmark, and as a pUpil of the Academy of Copenhagen gained
tvi^o prizes. In 1777 he returned to Saxony, and executed various
medals and works in ronde-bosse. In 1787 he was appointed Assist-
ant-engraver, and in 1797, Chief-engraver at the Mint of Dresden,
since which date he gave himself up almost exclusively to the cut-
ting of coin-dies.
By F. H. Kriiger are the following medals : Apotheosis of
Louis XVL, the Dauphin , and Marie-Antoinette (signed :
F. H. KRtJGER SENIOR FEC.); — Peace of Tilsit, 1807, ^. PAX
ADES ET TOTO &c. (signed : KRUGER SEN F. ; several varieties);
— Another, ^L. REGNA MUTUO AMORE lUNCTA (signed :
KRTJGER SEN.) ; — Prize Double Thaler of Frederick Augustus III.
of Saxony, 1780 ; — Member's Jewel of the Lodge Minerva of the
Three Palms, Leipzig, i8oo(?); — Frederick V. of Denmark; —
Peter the Great (after Casanova), etc.
- Edwards, oj:. cil. — Marvin, Masonic
KRUEGER, GOTTFRIED (Germ.). Medallist and Mint-master at
Copenhagen, second half of the seventeenth century, 1645-1680.
He engraved various commemorative medals of the reigns of Frede-
rick III. and Christian V., which are usually signed G.K.
BiBLiOGRflPHY. — Bolzenthal, op. cil. — Jorgensen, Beskrivehe over Dniiske
Monler 1448-1S8S.
KRUEGER, HANS (Germ.). Seal-engraver at Breslau, 1618. He
was a witness against Burkhard Hase when the latter was prosecut-
ed for having exported good coins to Poland.
KRUEGER, KARL REINHARD (Germ.). Mint-engraver and Medallist
at Dresden; born at Dresden, 20. March 1794; died there,
20. February 1879. He was apprenticed toD, Loos at Berlin, and
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—-"228 —
became later Medallist to the Court of Sasony. His brother Ferdi-
nand Anton K. was a clever Copper-plate-engraver.
MostofK.R. Krueger's medals are connected with Saxon history;
amongst them I may notice : Portrait-medal of Karl Maria von
Weber, composer, 1825 ; — C. A. Bottiger, archaeologist, 1830;
— Jubilee of King Frederick Augustus of Saxony, 1818 (2 types;
one was executed in collaboration with Stadelmann) ; —
8"' Anniversary ot King Anton of Saxony, 1835; ~- Gustavus
Adolphus of Sweden, 2"'' Centenary of the Battle or Liitzen, 1832;
— First Centenary of Count Zinzendorf, founder of the Moravian
Community, 1822; — Giovanni Perluigi Palestrina, composer,
J842; — Centennial Festival on St. John's day by the Grand
Orient of Dresden, 1817; — Golden Wedding of Georg Adolph
Fischer and Christiana Sophia, 1823; — Heinrich Posthumus,
Duke of Saxony, Gymnasium Prize Medal of Gera, 1845; ■ —
F. G. Lock, Bishop of Antioch, 185 1 ; -— Rebuilding of St. John's
Church at Zittau ; — Christian Daniel Beck, Leipzig, 1839 ; —
D"' S. Hahnemann, Meissen, 1829 ; — D'' Johann August Wilhelm
Hcden, Dresden ; — Adolph von Hansfilt, 1838, etc.
Bibliography. — Bohenthal, op. dt. — Hildebrand, op. cit. — Rdmann Cala-
logm. — Mitlheil. dis Kluhs der Miin^- uml Medaillenfrmmde hi Wien, 1901, —
Miiller and Singer, op. cit.
KRUG, HANS (SENIOR), (fierm.). Goldsmith,Die-ciitter and Mint-
master at Nuremberg, 1496-1509; died in 1514- He also excelled
in the casting of medals. In a document, dated 1509, he declares
himself ready to undertake the casting of two medals {Pfenninge),
in a clean and masterly manner (reiner und werklicher), of the
Prince-Elector of Saxony, on the casting of which medals DOrer
was to have been consulted.
He may have been the Engraver of Tentzel, PI. 11, n"' i, 11, m.
Double Thaler, 15 17, Thaler, same date, and subsidiary coins of
Frederick IIL, of the "Bonnet" type, revived by Hans Krug,
Junior, after 1513.
BiBLiOGRAl'HY. ■ — Emuii Dtiilsche Medailkare, 1S84, — Gerbert-Ntirnberg,
Geschichte der Miiii^slaile dtf Ri.ii.h-:tadt Numherg, 1891,
KRUG, HANS (JUNIOR) (Germ ). Goldsmith and Mint-engraver at
Nuremberg; died in December, 15 18. He was appointed Die-
cutter at the Mint in 15 13 (auf absteen Hannssen Crafts tst der Jung
Hanns krug Goltschmied ^u ainem eyssengraber erlailt und sol im achl
guldin ^ii russgelt gegehn werden). Mint documents of 15 17 again
mention the Die-cutter Hans Krug the younger, and one of 1519,
states that Hans Krug the younger having died in December 15 18,
the Town Council of Nuremberg resorted again to Hans Krafft,
who had been Mint-engraver troni 1309 ro 1513.
./Google
— 229 —
Hans Krag Junior worked for the Prince-Elector of Saxony, and
according to D' Elirenberg, he is probably the author of the follow-
ing coins and medals, reproduced in Tentzel L. E. PI. r, N"' i-iv;
2, N"' I, II, v; 3, i-iii : Thaler of 1507, Arms and Eagle; — Half
Thaler of Fredericlt III. the Wise, of Saxony, 1518 (?),
probably by Hans Krug Junior.
Thaler, of same date; — duarter-Thaler, with bare head of the
Elector Fredericlc III. ; — Another, with head in bonnet ; — Double
Thaler, and Thaler (type of the coin reproduced above) of various
dates, and undated, &c.
BiBLiOGRAPHV. — Gebert-Nurnbet^o^. cit.,'
vber Nurnberger Mim^- und Medaiilen-Praguii^en
von Sachsm, Mitth. der Bayer. Gesellschaft, 8, p.
I. — D' Ehrenbefg, Nachrichl
Aufira^e Friediichs des Weisen
KRUG, HANS (Germ.). Modeller at Nuremberg, circ. 1570.
KRUG, LDDWIG (Germ.). Goldsmith, Sculptor, Medallist, Painter
and Copper plate-engraver of the sixteenth century ; died at Nurem-
berg in 1532. He was the son of Hans Krug the Elder. Neudorffer
(p. 124 ed. Lochner) remarks : "Er harte Verstand der Silber-und
Goldarceit, im Reissen, Stechen, Gvaben, Schmehen, Malen, Schnei-
den, Cooterfetten... . Was er aber in Stein, Camee und Eisen
schnitt das war auch bei den Wahlen (Walschen) loblich... . Als
aber Herr Melchior Plinzing, Propst zu St. Sebald, welcher fiirwahr
von Kaiser Maximilian her im Giessen und anderen Kiinsten
begierig und versiandig war, den Hanns Schwarzen von Augsburg
(der dann zu der Zeit in Holz fur den besten Conterfetter geachtet
wurde) in Pfarrhof bei ihm hatte, war ich daboi, dass er zu diesem
Schwarzen sagte, er sollt ihn conterfetten in Holz, so woUt er Ihn
dagegen einwarts in Srahl conterfetten, daraus man schliessen mag,
was dieser Ludwig Krug fur ein Kiinstlergewesen ist. "
From Lochner we learn also that Ludwig Krug became Master
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in 1522 and that lie died in i532.Heis calicd"Meister desKruges",
as he used a Tankard for liis special mark. Amongst his engravings,
the following are known : Birth of Christ; — ■ The Adoration of
the three Kings (1516); — Ecce Homo; — Nude females with
Skull; ^ Charity or Madonna; — St. Sebastian, etc., — and amongst
his wood-cuttings : The Fall; — Banishment from Paradise, &c.
At the Berlin Museum is preserved a small Plaque, representing
the Fall (1514), which bears the artist's mark. This appears to be
the only authenticated medallic work of Ludwig Krug, to whom
one would like to ascribe the charming Portrait-medals of 1525-26,
knowing as we do, from Neudorffer, that this Master excelled in
the malting of Portraits (Contcrfetten). It is true that the Berlin plaque
and these Nuremberg medals have nothing in common in style, as
Erman duly observes; but a fact he notices too, — the signature
LK 153 occurring, engraved on the l^i. of a uniface impression
of the well-known small portrait of Durer, 1527' (Tr^sor 7, 2) of
the important series of Nuremberg medals to which the master-
pieces of 1525-26 also belong, — shows that in his mind he stil!
clinos to Krug as the possible author of the following pieces, which
he declares to be the work of only one and the same artist.
Muller& S'mger, AUgemeines Kunstler Lexicon, II, r>. 401, remarks ;
"Von ihm im Berliner Museum ein kleines Relief, den Sondenfall
darstellend. Ferner andere Rehefs und Medaillen von 1525 und
1526. "
Some of the medals enumerated below, belong to " the finest
that German Art has created ", be their author Ludwig Krug, Flotner,
Hagenauer, or other artists.
1525. Paul Gerstner (Berlin Museum); — Bastian Starcz (Tr^sor
5, 7); — Casimir of Brandenburg and Susanna (Berlin); —
StefFan Gabler of Nuremberg; — Barbara Pfinzing (Berlin); —
Hedwig von Miinsterberg, Margravin of Brandenburg (Berlin) ;
— Hans von Obernitz (Berlin); — Kuncn Schmirer (Berlin); —
Wolf Keczel of Nuremberg (Berlin); — Barbara..., born Keczel
(Berlin; reproduced in Erman, pi. 11, i); — Undated. The same
Person, with "Trew ist aller Ern werth". Dannenberg owned
a box-wood model of that medal, with inscription of later date.
— Dorothea Keczel ; — 1525. Ambrosios Qiiez (Tr^sor 6, i) ; —
1526. Anna Kolbin (Berlin); — Sebastian von Rotenhan, Coun-
cillor to the Electoral Court of Maycnce (Berlin); — Michael von
Mergetheim, Abbot of St. Stephen's cloister at Wurzburg (Berlin) ;
— Johannes von Gutemberg, Domdechant (Deacon) at Wurzburg.
I. Mr Max Rosenheim, who p055e3ses a specimen of this Durer medal, is also
ivinceJ that it is the work of Ludwig Krug.
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(Berlin Museum. — Tresor 6, 8 ; Ulus! rated') ; — Margrave Friedrich
von Brandenburg, Provost of Wur;^burg (Tresor 6,2) ; — Cliristoph
Kres (Berlin. A specimen described by Iinhof issaid to have an I on
arm); — Hans Nuykum (Berlin); ~ Georg Koctzler (Berlin;
Tresor 6, 7 ; Erman.pl. ii, 3) ; — Seb.Staiber (Berlin) ; — Clemens
Volcamer (Berlin); — Bernhard Baumgartner (Berlin) ; — Georg
Ketzel (Berlin); — Christoph Fuerer (Berlin; Tresor 6, 4); —
Johannes von Gutenberg, by an unknown artist.
Johann Gender (Berlin) ; — Wilhelm, Bishop of Strassburg (Ber-
lin); — Albrecht, Cardinal and Archbishop of Mayence (Berlin);
— Jordan von Herzheim (Berlin ; Tresor 5, 8); — Friedrich Behaim
(Berlin); — Johann Kleberger (Berlin) ; — Lypold von Kliczeiigk
(Tresor $, 4), etc. Also 1527. Albrecht Scheurl (Berlin); —
Christoph Kress, by an _-;l;iii)\vii artist.
Albrecht Diirer (Tresor 7, 2 ; Rosenheim) and very small medals :
1526. Friedrich Behaim (Berlin; Tresor 6, 9); — Christoph
Kress (Berlin; Erman, pi. n, 4); — 1527. Alexander Imhot
(Berlin); — Hans Nuykum (Berlin); —Ulrich Stark (Berlin) ; —
Friedrich, Abbot of St. Giles in Niirnberg (Num. Chron., 1904,
pi. V, 7; Brit. Mus.).
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As common characteristics of most of these medals, Emian men-
tions the following : the bust reaches downwards to the edge of the
medal ; the letters are slender, wavy, with sharp angles, and exhibit
peculiar forms; the legend is usually separated from the field by
two incuse concentric lines; the titles are abbreviated in ZC :
The medal of Albrecht, Archbishop ot Mayence, and most of the
medals above cited, are attributed to Ludwig Krug, by Domanig,
and to Peter Flotner, by Lange.
Ludwig Krug, who is sometimes called the "Master of the
Pitcher" was also a Painter and Engraver. Williamson, in Bryan's
Dictionary of Painters and Engravers, III, 1904, mentions several
prints by him.
Bibliography. — ■ Ermaa, Deutsche Medailleure, 1884. — Miiller & Singer, op.
cit. — Bolzenthal, op. dt. — Aniraon, op. cit. ~ Donianig, Jahrbttcb XVI, pi. 6,
4. — 'iAQXis.i\tr,Schaumun\mdex Hauiis Hohmxplhrtt, 1901.
KRULL, CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH (G^rm.). Architect, Steel-engraver,
and Medallist, born in 174S at Hessem (Wolfenbiittel) ; died In
1787 at Brunswick. He was a self-made man. In 1780 he was
appointed Mint-commissioner (^Mun^commissar') and Medallist to
the city of Brunswick. There is a terra-cotta bust by him of the poet
Lessine, and various coins and medals : Portrait-medal of Duke
Leopold; — Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, 1781 (illuslrated) ; —
Memorial Medal of Maximilian Julius Leopold, Duke of Brunswick
G. E. Lessing, by C. F. KruU.
and Liineburg, 1785 (signed : C. F.KRUI.LF.); — School established
by the Lodge St. Charles of the Crownetl Pillar of Brunswick,
1771; — Second Jubilee of the Plague at Leyden, 1774 (signed :
C. F. K.).
Bibl:ography. — Bolzenthal, op. cU. — Amnion, op. cit. — Marvin, Masonic
" ' ' """■ " ' M Caialogtie.
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KBULL. JOHANN ENGELHARD(GmK.). Medallist ot the eighteeotli
century, who worked at Cassei and Brunswick, 1738-1750. He
was IVlint- master at Hanan, Cassei, and Frankfort- on-M. (?), 1737-
1743; in Brunswick, 1742-1750. From 1757-1739, he signed his
issues J. K. ; after 1739, J, E. K. or EK., on gold and silver coins,
liiBLioGRAPHY. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. dt. — Ammon, op. cit.
KRUMM, PAUL FBIEDRICH (Germ.'). Mint-master at Meiningen,
then at Coburg, and later at Hildburghausen, 1719. His son, Paul
PhiHpp Krumm olTiciated in the same capacity.
KRUMPACHEK, PETER (Atislr.). Mint-warden at Klagenfurt,
1626-28.
KRUMPER, THOMAS (Aiistr.). Mint-master at Hall, under the
Archduke Ferdinand, 1560 to 15 March 1577. His name appears
also as THOMAN KRTJMPP.
KRUSE, BALTHASAR {Genu.). Mint-master at Schwerin, 1651,
and Wismar, 1653.
KRTISE, BRUNO (Germ.). Contemporary Sculptor, and Medallist,
born I. June 1855 at Hamburg, now residing at BerUn. He studied
at Dresden under Professor Schilling. In 1901, he was commissioned
by the Academy of Sciences of Berlin to model a Plaquctte on the
80''' Birthday ot Virchow, and another ot Privy-Councillor von
Leyden, issued for the Medical Congress in 1902; — Schiller; —
Portrait-plaquette of the Grand Duchess of Saxe-Weimar, 1903;
— - Mommsen; — Professor Frenzel, on his 70'^ Birthday; —
D. Herzog, Secretary of State; — Count Waldersee; — Schen;
kendorf;— O. Jessen, Director of the Industrial Schools at Eerhn
— Privy Councillor Neumayer; —Jubilee Medal of the City of
Riga, etc.
"Ich will vor alien Dingen ", writes the artist, "die Gussplakette
wieder zu Ehren bringen und scbweben mir dabei die italienischen
Arbeiten, Gussmedaillen, Flaketten u. a. vor. Ich will, dass man
bei jedcr Arbeit die Hand des Kiinstlers, des Schfipfer, sieht; bei
einer gepragten Medatlle geht von der Ausfiihrung und Behandlung
der Arbeit viel verloren, '
BiBLiOGRAPHY. — Franhftirler Mun^^eilnng, 1901, p. 162 ; 1905, p. 456.
KRUSE, JOHANN MICHAEL (Germ.). Mint-master at Koenigsberg,
1824-1S37.
S, S. (Swed.). Initials of an oval Portrait-medal of Gustavus
Adolphus, cast, with laur. bust ot the King to r. RL. DEO'ET*
VICTRICIBVS-ARMIS.Lion rampant holding sword; dated 1631
(Hitdebrand I. 150,94 f.).
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K. S. Fide KARL STtlBEMRAUCH. Die-sinker at Darmstadt, 1839-
1848 ; after that date at St. Louis (U. S. A.)
K. & S. Die sinkers' signature on a commemorative medal of ttie
Peace of Paris, obv. Heads of Alexander I., Frederick William III.,
Wellington and Blilcher^. Britannia seated.
KUBACSKA, D' HUGO (Auslr.). Mint-master at Kremnilz (Kor-
mocs^bdnya), 1877-1891.
KUBE, RDBOLF (Germ.)- Coin-dealerat Berlin, who in 1899 issued
a fine Memorial Portrait-medalf|of Prince Bismark, struck by Lauer.
KUBLAI KHAK \<£ ^'?[' t^ {Chinese). A. D. 1214-1294.
He was proclaimed Emperor in 1260, The Mongol written char-
acter was introduced in 1269; in 1280 the calendar was revised;
and in 1287 the Imperial Academy was opened. Paper money, in
the form of banknotes of from 50 to rooo cash, was made current
in 1285.
BiELioGRAPiiV. — H. A. Giles, A Chi'mse Biographical Dktionary, 1898.
KUBLER, ANTON {Germ.'). Mint-engraver at Wiesbaden, 1847,
KiicHLER, CONRAD HEINRICH (Germ.)- Medallist and Coin-engraver
of the last quarter of the eighteenth ceiitury and early part of
the nineteenth. The precise dates of his birth and death I have
been unable to ascertain. He was a native of Flanders, appears to
have worked at first in Germany as Die-sinker at Darmstadt, 1763-
1772, Mannheim, 1766, and Frankfort-on-M., 1775, then in
France, and probably came over to England about 1790, where for
many years, perhaps until 1806, he was employed by Boulton at
the Soho Mint, Birmingham. Joseph und Fellner give 1802 as the
probable date of his death, which cannot be correct, as the copper
coinage of 1805 and 1806, of an entirely new type, as well as
tokens of Dublin, 1818-1821 are signed by him.
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While at Birmingliani, Kiicliler cut the dies for a krge number
of English, Irish, Danish, Russian, Portuguese, &c., Coins, and Pat-
terns of coins, amongst which I shall enumerate all the varieties
known to me.
England. Patterns and Proofs. — GoM. Pattern Guinea, 1791.
^L. Heart-shaped shield (Num. Chm., Vol. XIH., p. 121, n" 46);
— Proof Twopence, 1797; signed K-.-; — Proof Penny, 1797; —
Proof Halfpenny, 1797 ; — Proof Farthing, 1797 ; — Pattern Far-
thing, 1797. — Platinum, ProofPenny, 1807. Probablyunique, late
Murdoch collection; — -Silver. Pattern Guinea, i-j^&(Num. Chron.,
Vol.Xin., p. i22,n''56); — Pattern "Shield" Dollar, 1798, signed
■.■ C. H. K, on truncation of George III.'s head (varieties in JE.) ; —
Pattern Dollar, 1804,^. BRITANNIARUM REX FIDEI DEFEN-
SOR; below the shield, DOLLAR (6 var.); — Proof Bank Dollar,
1804 (illustrated); — Another, without stop after REX and other
small differences (sev. var. in jE.); — Garter Dollar, 1804, Royal
arms within the Garter (var in &. ; signed variously : ,-, C H K. ; —
■•■ K, etc.).
, by C.H. Kflchler.
Pattern Bank of England Token for Five Shillings and Sixpence,
1811 (]%,. by Philp; sev, var. in ^); — ■ Proof Twopence, 1797;
— Proof Penny, 1797 ; — Pattern Penny, 1797, Large bust to r,,
hair long, on left shoulder, "S.-.- on truncation. ^. BRITANNIA,
1797, incuse, on a broad raised band ; SOHO under rock; — - Pat-
tern Penny, 1797, with S on 1^. instead of SOHO ; — Pattern
Penny, 1797. ^. BRITANNIA in smalllcttering; Britannia, helm-
eted, seated on globe, holding upright trident and supporting large
shield, &c. ; in ex., 1797. K.; — ■ Pattern Penny, 1805, signed
K under right shoulder; I^. BRITANNIARUM; — Pattern
,,Goot^lc
- 236-
Halfpenny, 1795 (obv. by Kiichlerl}6. by Droi;); legend, GEOR-
GIUS III.D : G. HEX., incase, on broad raised band; below tlie
head, in the band, SOHO, between two floral ornaments; bust to
r., laur., neck bare; — Pattern Halfpenny, 1797 (2 var.); — Pat-
tern Halfpenny, 1805 ; — Pattern Farthing, 1797 (2 var.); — Pat-
tern Farthing, 1798, signed K on obv,,^. I. FARTHING beneath
figure of Britannia, between two floral ornatnents, — Gilt Copper.
Pattern Guinea, 1798 ; edge, Vandyke pattern, incuse; — Pattern
Guineas, 1798 (3 var.); — Trial Piece ofDollar, 1804; — Proof
Twopence, 1797 (2 var.); — Proof Penny, 1797 (2 var.); —
Pattern Penny, 1797 (3 var.) ; — Pattern Penny, 1797 (type of the
JR^ piece); — ProofPenny, 1806, signed K; — Pattern Halfpenny,
1797; ~- P'lttern Farthing, 1797 (2 var.); — Proof Halfpenny,
1799; — Pattern Halfpennies, 1799 (2 var. signed K.-.); — Proof
Halfpenny, 1806 ; — Pattern Farthing, 1797 ; — Pattern Farthing,
1798. — Bronxe and Copper. Pattern Dollar, 1798; K.-. on trunca-
tion ; — Another, var. of V^. ; — Proof Bank of England Dollar,
1804 (sev. varieties); — ■ Proof Bank of England Token for Five
Shillings and Sixpence, 1811 (sev. var.); — Proof Twopence, 1797,
in bronze and copper ; — Proof Penny, 1797 (2 var.); — Pattern
Penny, 1797, K. on shoulder; — Another, .-.K beneath the shield;
— Another, BRITANNIA, 1797 incuse, on a broad raised band ; —
Oihers, varieties of obv. or iji,. (at least five) ; — Pattern Penny,
1805 (3 var.); — Pattern Penny, 1806, signed K on either side,
— ProofPenny, 1806 (2 var.); — - Pattern Halfpenny, 1795 (^.
by Droz); — Pattern Halfpenny, 1797 (4 or 5 var.); — Proof
Halfpenny, 1799 (2 var.); — Pattern Halfpenny, 1799 (Montagu
n" 778); — Another, variety of edge; — ■ Another, signed K.-,
(Mont., n" 7) ; — Others, of same date (2 or 3 var); — Pattern
Halfpenny, 1805 (5 var.) ; — Proof Halfpenny, 1806 (2 var.) ; —
Pattern Farthing, 1797 (3 or 4 var.); — Pattern Farthing, 1798
(2 var.); — Proof Farthing, 1799; — Pattern Farthing, 1805; —
Pattern Farthing, 1806; — Prooi Farthing 1806 (2 var.); —
Dublin Penny Tokens, 1819, 1820; — Dublin Halfpenny Tokens
1819, r82r ; — Dublin "Union" Halfpenny, 1801. — Pewter.
Pattern Bank Dollar, 1798; — Proof and Pattern Pennies, 1797;
— Pattern Halfpenny, 1799 ; — Pattern Penny, 1805.
Ordinary Currency. — Silver. Dollar of 1804, signed on obv.
.:C.H.K. ^L. BRITANNIARUM REX FIDE! DEFENSOR. Royal
arms within garter, 1804; ■ — Bank of England Dollar, 1804; —
Copper. Twopence, 1797, signed K,-. ; — Penny, 1797, K.', (^.
illustrated) ; — Halfpenny, 1797, K ; — Farthing, 1797 ; — Half-
penny, 1799, different type ; — Farthing, 1799 ; — Penny, 1806
and 1807 ; — Halfpenny and Farthing, of same dates.
" Ktichler", says a writer, in Monthly Review, "KW, 119 "gave the
lo.tedo/Googk
— 237 —
figure of Bri tannin on the coinage new dignity and appropriateness;
he brought back the Roman figure seated on a rock amidst thesea,
among whose distant waves a line of battle-ship is sailing. In her
left hand is the trident of her naval empery slanting above the
shield that bears the Union Jack in right neraldic colours. This is
the Penny of 1797, reproduced below".
Penny of 1797 (enlarged)
Ireland. — Silver. Bank of Ireland Six Shillings Token, signed on
obv. C H K and on '^. K. Proofs of this coin exist in gold, silver,
silver-gih, bronze, copper and pewter; — ■ Another, with bust to 1.
by Philp. Copper. Penny, 1805 and 1806; — Halfpenny, 1805;
— Farthing, 1805 and 1806. Of these three coins there are also
Proofs in gold, silver, bronze, copper, gilt copper, and pewter. —
Penny Token of Ireland, 1S19, 1820; — Halfpenny Token, 1819,
i82i;~ Halfpenny, 1801 ^. THE UNION.
Bermuda. — Pattern Penny, obv. Crowned head of George III. by
Kuchler(i799)(a mule); ^ Another, with SOHO below the bust.
Bahama. — Proof Halfpenny, 1806. ^L. EXPVLSIS PIRATIS
(unsigned).
Denmark. — Set of Christian VII. Pattern Daler, |, |, | and ^ Daler,
undated, in gold, silver and copper (struck at Boulton s).
Germany. — Frankfort-on-Main. Conventions thaler of 1776 (Build-
ing of a bridge at Hansen), signed K under River-god; — 20
Kreutzer piece of 1764, signed K .
Russia. — Alexander I., Pattern Rouble, 1804, in gold, silver and
copper, signed C. H. KUCHLER F. {illmirated) ; — Pattern Imperial,
undated, obv. Bust of the Czar ^. Imperial eagle, not signed.
.isdo/ Google
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France. — Pattern Monnerons and Half Monnerons, 1792 (several
varieties).
^f.-- - 1
st1t
Pattern Rouble of Alexander I., by C. H. Kuchler.
Defeat of the Sultan Tippoo by the Marquis of Cornwallis, 1792;
his two sons received as hostages; — Memorial Medal of Louis XVI.
and Marie Antoinette, 1793 ; — Memorial Medal of Queen Marie-
Antoinette, 1793; — ■ Memorial Medal of Gustavus III. of Sweden,
1793; —Victory of the 1" June, 1794, with bi]st of Hovi-e; —
Union of la-Und with EnglanJ, 1801.
Restoration of King FerdinandlV. on the throne ofthe Two-Sicilies,
1799'; — Medal for the Siege of Seringapatam, 1799 {illustrated) ;
— Attempted Assassination of King George HI-, 1800 ; ■ — Drayton
Agricuhural Society instituted, 1800; — - Union of Ireland with
England, 1801 (illustrated); — Another, with ^L. Arms of the
,y Google
Hudson Bay Company (? viir.); — Jubilee of George III., i8ro.
Bust by Kuchler (,sev. v;ir.); — George III., Bust by Kiichler ^L.
Inscription; On the King's death, 1820; — Peace of Amiens, 1802;
— Commemorative medal of the National Edition of Sliakespeare's
Battle oi Trafalgar (IJi).
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— 241 —
Works, published 1803 ; ■ — Earl St. Vincent's Med^l, presented by
him to petty-ofBcers and seamen of the flagship " Ville de Paris "
as a token of their loyalty (illustrated') ; — Boultoii's Medal given
to officers and seamen engagedat Trafalgar, 1805 (^i. illustrated);
— Memorial Medalet of Catherine the Great of Russia, 1796 ; —
Accession Medal of Alexander I. 'of Russia, 1801 ; — Davison's
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Medal given to officers and seamen engaged in the Battle of the
Nile, 1798 (illustrakd'y, ■ — 50''' Anniversary of John George Schmidt
of Frankfort's pastoral service, 1775 ; — The three Pastors, Anton
Mathieu, John George Schmidt and John Amos of Frankfort-on-M,,
1775 ; — Prize Medal ol the Frankfort Polytechnic School, undat-
ed, signed K ; — Matthew Boulton, on his death, 1809 (this medal
was probably struck from a die prepared by Kiichler some years
before, as there is in the British Museum an unfinished plaque,
with slightly different bust, and with scroll inscribed DIED AT
SOHO.M.7. !8o — AGED.OOY^ OM : OD :); — Memorial
Medal of Matthew Boulton (sev. var.); — British Successes in
1798; — Marriage of George, Prince of Wales, with Caroline of
Brunswick, 1797 ; — Marshall Suwarow, 1799, on his Victories in
Italy; — George Washington (2 var.); — Medal of Boulton,
Port rait -lilt dill ol Mattliew Boulton.
179S (illustrated); — Board ot Agriculture established, 1793, &c.
Kiichler's signature occurs under the following forms : E.G.
KUCHLER FEC. ; ~ C. H. K. FECIT ; — C. H. K. ; — K.; — K.-. ; — .-. C.
H. K. ; — CHK; — <- ; — ....
"C. H. Kiichier", (S. Timmins, Birmingham and the Midland
Hardware District, 1866, p. 564) " who sunk nearly the whole of
the dies for the celebrated Soho coinage, and notably, for the well-
known Twopenny piece, worked mainly in the French style. He
was at one time living at 22 Bride Court, Fleet Street, Birmingham,
where he carried on business as Medal-engraver and Die-sinker.
After having been many years at Soho, he quarrelled with Boulton,
and seems to have ended his days in straitened circumstances. He
lies in Handsworth Churchyard, witl^out a stone to mark his
resting-place. At the time of his leaving Soho he had commenced
the die for the celebrated medaUion of Boulton, for finishing which
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— 243 —
Pidgeon afterwards received $ 300,.. Mills was employed after
Kuchler's departure " .
Bibliography. — Hawkins, Franks & Grueber, Medallk Ilhstralions &c. —
D"' F. P. Weber, Medals and Medallions of the nitieteenth century, &c. — Grueber,
B. M. Guide to She Exhibition of English Medals &c. — Spink, Caialegue of Mr. Mon-
tagu's Collection of coins from Georgel. to Ficloria, 1891. — Tancred, mir M^'dals
and Honorary Distinciioits, 1891. ^ Bobenthal, op. cit. — Gruebt:r, Handbook oj
the Coins of Great Britain and Ireland, 1899. — JOrgensen, op. cit. — Tliomsenes
Catalogue. — Hildebrand,o;'. «(.,ll,p. 204. — Paul Joseph & Gduard Fellner, D',
Mim^ett von Frankfurt-am- Main, 1896. — H. A. GraAer, English Personal Medalsi
Num. Chron., Vm, X & XII, — Catalogue of iU Bouiton Collection, sold at Sotheb;
fVilkinsoit & Hodge, 1899. — Lerous, op. cit. — W. J, Davis, Tok&n Coinage oy
the Ninelsinth Century, 1904.
KUEFEL (or KUESSEL), HEINE {Germ.). Mint-oi;ister at Miindeti,
1574-1575-
KUEHERMANN, HANS (Germ.). Mint-master at Wunstorf, 1566-
1567; entered into the service of the Regent, Countess .'^gnes 01
Kitberg, in the ibllowing year.
KUEWZI (Swiss). MinC-engraverat Fribourg (Switzerland), whose
signature is found on the dies of a Pattern Rappen of 1827,
Bibliography. — Anton Henseler, Monnaies fiibourgwiscs, Bull, de la society
KUGELGEN (Germ.). This Die-sinker's signature occurs on a
Portrait-medal of Goethe.
KUHLMANN, CHARLES FR^DtRIC (French). Mint-director at Lille,
1850-1857 ; distinctive mark on the coins, an antique lamp.
KUHNLEIN, JOHAKN (Germ.). Mint-master luLangenargen, 1694-
1724. His issues are usually signed J. K, Wyllys Betts, in Historical
Medals of America, p. 50, suggests that Kuhnlein may have been the
author of a medal described as the American Century Plant, 1700.
The signature on this medal belongs probably to Johann ChristiMu
Koch, 1680-1743,
KDLBI, P. (Ru.fs.). Miot-engraver and Medallist at St. Petersburg,
under Alexander II. His medals are signed : P. H. K,
KULLE, SERVATIUS IVEN (Swed). Contemporary Medallist, born
at Lund ; pupil of the Paris School of Decorative Arts, and Lindberg,
P. Tasset, and Gauihier ; now residing at Stockholm, and employed
at tlie Mint there. I have noticed his signature on a commemorative
medal of King Oscar 11. 's Jubilee, li-'jS (45 mill.); — Award Medal
to old Workmen of the Mining Company of Ostricourt Oignies,
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1897, &c. At the Salon of 1890, 1892 and 1896 he exhibitej seven
Portrait-medallions, in oxydized silver.
KULLBICH, WILHELM (Germ.). Royal Prussian Court-and first
Mint-medallist; born at Dahme, on December 18, 1821 ; died at
Berhn on the i*' of September, 1887; pupil of his father, the
medallist Karl Fischer, and the Berlin Acaaemy of Fine Arts, he
was obliged early to earn his living, and entered first the Die-sinking
works ofG. Loos, then came to London, where he was for some
time employed by Wyon (1850), and made short stays at Brussels
and Paris (1853), Munich and Switzerland (1855). In 1859 he was
appointed Assistant-engraver at the Berlin Mint; on April i, 1862,
Chief-engraver; and in 1864, Medallist to the Mint. He executed
coin-dies for Prussia and other states of the German Confederation,
also for the German Empire, Roumania, Brazil, Norway and Egypt,
He also reorganised the Mints at St. Petersburg and Bukarest, but
refused a permanent appointment offered to him by the Russian
government.
" Victory " Thaler of William I. of Prussia, by "W. Kuilricli
Kullrich is the author of numerous commemorative medals, some
of which are of excellent work. Among these, I may mention :
Presentation medal to the iirst Champions of German commerce in
the East under the German Orient Society, 1845 ; — Inauguration
of a monument to Frederick the Great, 185 1; — Portrait- medal
of Goethe, 1849; — The Revolution in Baden quelled, 1849; —
Ponrait-medal of Schiller (sev. var.) ; — Portrait-medal of Gottfried
Schadow, sculptor, 1850; — Inauguration of a monument to
Blucher at Krieblowitz, 1853 ; — Marriage of Frederick, Landgrave
of Hesse, with Princess Anna of Prussia, 1853 ; — Marriage of
Frederick Charles, Prince of Prussia, with Mary, Princess of Anhalt,
1854; — Silver Wedding of Prince Frederick William, and consort
Princess Augusta of Saxony, 1854; — Prize Medal of the Berlin
Horse Lottery ; — Commemorative medal of Gcstavus Adolphus IL
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— 24S —
of Sweden ; — Prize Medal ot the Norwegian Royal Academy of
Fine Arts; — Johann Friedrich August Borsig, 1854; ■ — The
Blucher Memorial at Berlin, 1855 ; — Marriage of the Crown Prince
Frederick William of Prussia with Princess Victoria of Great Britain,
1858 (2 var.); — Medallion on the same event (5 3 mill.; designed
by A, Fischer) ; — Birth of Prince Frederick William Victor (now
William II., German Emperor), 1859; — Coronation of William I.,
King of Prussiaj at Koenigsberg, 1861 ; — Peace of Paris, after the
Crimean War, 1856 ; — Coronation of King Charles XV. of Swe-
den, i860 ; — D' Moritz Heinrich August Rosenberg, of Berlin ; —
Sixth Centenary of Koenlgsberg, 1855; — Medal of Merit ot
Charles Anthony, Prince of Hohenzollern ; — Johann F, A. Borsig
& Alb. Borsig Locomotive Works, 1858 (2 var.).; — New South
Wales Industrial Exhibition, 1862 ; — The Railway Bridge at Dir-
schau, i860; — The Austrian Campaigti, 1866 (sev. var. ; one
85 miU.) ; — ■ zy^ Anniversary of the Association for the preser-
vation of Cologne Cathedral, 1867 ; — Marriage of Otto, Count
of Stolberg-Wernigerode, 1863; — Ludwlg Friedrich Klipfel,
Director of the Berlin Mint, 1865 ; — J. Von Pannewitz, Prize
Medal of the Silesian Sylvicultural Society, 1866 ; — The St. Pante-
leimon Hospital at Bucarest, 1868; — Marriage of Charles I. ot
Roumanla with Princess Elizabeth of Neuwied, 1869 ; — Large
olEcial medals on the Prussian Campaigns of 1864, 1866, and
1870/71; — Victories over the French in 1870-1871 (85 mill.;
designed by Th. Grosse); — Other medals, on the s^me event; —
Frederick William, Prince Radziwill, 1870 ; — Foundation of the
German Empire, 1S71 (sev. var. ; one edited by G. Loos ; another
illusirated) ; — Coronation of King Oscar H. of Sweden and Oucen
Sophia, 1873; — Golden Wedding of the Grand Duke and Grand
Duchess Frederick of Baden; — 50''' Anniversary of the St. John
Lodge of" Inviolate Unity " at Hamburg, 1867; — Jubilee ot
the Duke of Brunswick, 1881 (designed by R. Diez); — Golden
Wedding of King William L of Prussia and Q.ueen Augusta, 1879 ;
— Sixth German Federal Rifle Meeting at Dusseldorf, 1878; —
Robert ScharfF(-i- 1880); —Medal of the Breslau Sporting Club,
1882 ; — Proclamation of King Carol L, of Roumanla, 1881 ; —
D' F. W. A. G. H. P. Uhlmann, of Potsdam, 1S81 ; — Inaugura-
tion of a Sanatorium for Children by the Crown Princess Victoria,
1884; — Marriage of Crown Prince William of Prussia with
Princess Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, 1881 ; — Birth of Prince
William, 1 882 ; — Completion of the Castle of Pelesch, with busts
of the King and Queen of Roumanla, 1883; — Numerous Prize
Medals; — Inauguration of the Railway from Bucarest to Const-
antza, 1895, &c.
KuUrlch was honorary member of the Fine Art Academies of
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Foundatinn ol theGcim,m tmpirt b\ W Kiillrn.h
ogle
— 247 —
Vienna and St, Petersburg, and formed many pupils in Germany
and elswhere. He occupies a place of honour among German
nineteenth century MedalHsts.
Bibliography. — BIdlter far Mun^freuiids, 1887, p. 1354. — Miilltr & Singer,
Allgemeines Kitnitkr-Lixicon. — Nagler, Monogrnmmisten, 1881. — Meiiadier, ob.
cit. — Reimmann Sale Catalogue. — D' F. P. Weber, Medah and Medallions of lie
igi^ cenliiij, 1894. — Marvin, Masonic Medals, 1880. — Bahrfeldt, Miin^en von
Hohn^oUern.
KyMATOWSKY. r/deKTJRNATOWSKY.
KXJNDMANN, C. and J. VON (Aiistr.'). These signatures occur on a
cast Plaque of Franz Schubert, undated. J. von K. Is the author ot
theSchtbuer Monument at Vienna, 1872,
KUNE, ANDREAS (Germ.). Mint-master at Luneburg, 1577, in the
service of Duke Julius of Brunswiclt-Wolfenbiittel.
KUNE, MARTIN (Germ.'). Mint-master at Eisteben, 1560-1573.
His initials M. K. occur on some of his currency.
KVTSEll(Amer.). Engraver of the two rare Pattern 20 and 10 Dollar
pieces of British Columbia, 1862, a specimen of each of which is
in the National Collection ; the only other two known were in the
Murdoch Collection and sold for £ 116 and^ 53 respectively. Those
in the British Museum were presented by F. Seymour, Governor
of British Columbia, in 1S64.
AT. 20 Dollars. Obv. GOVERNMENT OF BRITISH COLUM-
BIA. A royal crown. I^.30 DOLLARS 1862 in three Hues within
oak-wreath; edge grained.
Dollars, 1863, by Kiiner.
A/'; 10 Dollars. Same type as last, but with ]o in place ol 20;
edge grained.
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During the height of the gold fever in British Cokimbla, Colonel
Gosilc, who was then Treasurer of the Province, established a mint
at New Westminster, but before any coins had been struck, it was
862, by Kiir
learned that no gold or silver coins could be issued except under
the authority of the Queen in Council.
By this Engraver is a medal on the Californian Railways, with
bust of Washington, 1S76.
Bibliography. — Murdoch Sale Catalogue, July 1903. — Aikins, Colonial Coins
and Tohens, &c. — Brelon, Coins & Tokens relaiiiig to Canada, p. 187.
KDNIG, JOHANW ANTON (Austr.). Mint-engraver at Hall iu Tyrol,
I 688-?
KUNIG, MATHIAS (Austr.). Assistant-engraver, 1652-35, then
Chief-engraver, 1635-1663 at the Mint of Hall in Tyrol. Also
MATHIAS KOENIG VON BAUMBHAUSEN. He was Maximilian Kunig's
father.
KDNIG, MAXIMILIAN {Auslr.'). Mint-engraver at Hall in Tyrol,
1647-1688. There is a medal by him of 1654 on the coming
of age of the Archduke Sigismundiis Francis of Tyrol. Also
MAXIMILIAN KOENIG VON BAUMBHAUSEN.
KUNZE, C. G. (Amer.). Die-sinker of New York ; author of several
medals : D' Elisha H. Gregory, of St. Louis (A. J. N. 934}; —
Baron D' Liebig, Giessen (Boston Coll").
KUO TUNG Wy^' (Chinese). A. D, 921-959. Second Emperor of
the later Chou dynasty." He seized on all the broti:^e images of Bud-
dha and converted them into cash, declaring that Buddha himself,
who gave up so much for mankind, would raise no objections.
BiDLioGRAPiiY. — Mc. Giles, op. ctl.
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— 249 —
KUPFER (Germ.'). Die-sinker of the early portion of the nineteenth
century, who resided at Munich. The only medal by him which
I have noted is a Portrait-piece of D"' Ferdinand Adolph Gehlen,
of Munich, 1815.
KDPFER, ANTON (Germ.). Mint-master atBreslau, 30. September
1624 — 9. August 1625.
KURNATOWSKY, MICHAEL (Ausir.). Editor of medals, which were
struck at the Viennese die-sinking establishment of A. Pittner
Nachf. : Visit of the Crown Prince and Princess of Austria to
Lemberg and Krakau, 1887; — Transfer ofthe body of Adam
Mickiewicz to Krakau, 1890 ; — Second Centenary of the Relief of
Vienna, 18S3; — Franz Karpinski, poet, 1870; — Visit of the
Emperor Francis Joseph to Galicia, 1880, &c.
KURTZ (Germ.). Die-sinker of Berne ; his signature occurs on a
Vn/£ medal of 1884.
KURZBACHER VON KXJRZBACH, HEINRICH (Bohem.). Mint-master
general oi Bohemia, 1576-1577,
KlisEL, HEIN or HENBING(G^m.). Mint-master at Miinden, 1574-
1584; appointed Mint-master at Nieder-Wildungen (Waldeck),
1587.
KlisTER, GEORG (CHRISTOPH) (Germ.). Mint-master at Darmstadt,
1733-1740, and Cleves, 1 741-1742, 1743 -175 5. He usually placed
his initials G. K. on his issues.
Bibliography. — Von Sclirbtler, Das Preussiscbe Mmij;vjeseii im iS.Jahrhundert,
Berlin, 1904.
KUTSCHKIK, MICHAEL (Russ.). Medallist of St. Petersburg, 1845-
1872. Resigned his productions m.k. or p.n.it. He was apprenticed
at the Technical School ofthe Mining and Technologicallnstitute
of St. Petersburg; appointed Medallist to the St, Petersburg Mint
in 1845. By him are the following copies of earlier medals: Peace
of Carlowitz, 1690; — Capture of Riga, 1710; — ■ Naval Victory of
Tweremtinde, 1714; — Capture of four Swedish Frigates at
Gronhamn, 1720; — Building of a Foundling Hospital at Moscow
(after Jager), &c.
ann, op. cil. — Iverse'.i, MedailUn auf die
KTJYGNEL, or KUYNET, JACOB (Dutch). Mint-master at Antwerp,
28. June 15 13 to 17. August 15 17, in conjunction with Mathieu du
Chastel.
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KyTIKIlIlB M. (Rms.). Med.ilHst of St. Petersburg, tliird quarter
of the nineteenth century. He engraved the I^ ofAlexander II. 's
Coronation Medal, 1856 (illustrated); also^ of the Catherine II.
Academical Prize Medal.
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— 251 —
KVASNICKA (Bohem.). Con tern poniry Die-sinker, residing at
Prague. I have noted his signature on the following medals : Visit
of the Emperor Francis Joseph I. to Prague, 1880; — -Joseph Jung-
mann 1847; — Inauguration of the Jungmann Monument at
Prague; — lo"" Anniversary of the Choral Society " Hlalol " of
Prague, 1871; — Josef Neumann, &c.
KYNG, THOMAS (Brit.). Mint-master at Calais, in the 39"' year ot
Edward IIl.'s reign, appointed on the i" July, 1365. "At the latter
end of that year, an assay was ordered to be made of the money
which Kyng had coined in this mint ". He was probably removed
from office on October 25., 1366, on the appointment of Guater
de Barde.
BiBUOGRAPHY. — Ruding, Annals of the Coinage of Great Britain and its Depen-
dencies', 1840,1., p. 55 ; II., p. 255, — R. Seraire, Diclionnaire geographiqjii de
I'histoire nione'taire de la France, 1887, p. 114.
K. W. Vide WILHELM KULLRICH.
K. *. and K. 'tOtPT Vide KARL FRIEDRICH VOIGT. Nineteenth
century Medallist of Munich.
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L. Vide HANS LOBSINGER. Medallist of Nuremberg, b. 1 5 lof 1570,
L. Fide C. V. LEHR. Mint-master at Weimar and Hornstein, 1616-
1622.
L. Vide JACOB LICHTE. Mint-master at Mansfeld, 1621.
L. Vide IQRA^H LINCK. Medallist at Heidelberg, 1659-1711.
L. Vide JAN LUTMA. Dutch Medallist, f 1660.
L. or ^ F/i/fCF.LUDERS. Medallist at Berlin, 1702-1742.
L. Vide JOHANN J. LAUER. Counter-manufacturer at Nuremberg,
1804-1819.
L. Fide GOTTLIEB LAVB.'ER. Medallist at Kulmbacb, 175S.
L. Fi'i^e GEORG FRIEDRICH LOOS. Medallist at Nuremberg, 1742-
1763, and Wurzburg, 1763-1766.
L.f'/ii^HARLFRIEDRICH LOOS. Medallist at Nuremberg, 1745-1776.
L. Vide JOSEPH LOSCH. Court-medallist at Munich, 1802-1826,
L. Vide I, LANGE, Die-sinker at Moscow, 171S-19.
L. Vide G. HINDER. Medallist at Copenhagen, 1742-1782. Also
G. L.
L, Vide DANIEL FRIEDRICH LOOS. Medallist, born at Altenburg,
1735, worked at Magdeburg, 1756-1767, and Berlin, jy6E--\- iSi^.
L. Vide FRIEDRICH LOOS. Medallist at Berlin, end of the eighteenth
century.
L. Fide GOTTFRIED BERNHARD LOOS. Founder ot the Loos Die-
sinking Establishment, B. 1773 -]- 1843. He was General Mint-
warden of Prussia.
L. Vide LUTTMER. Medallist at Dantzig, circ. 1760.
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1. Fide C. G. LAVTfER. Mine-master at Nuremberg, 1746-175 5.
Also C. G. L.
L. ra^ JOSEPH LUCKNER. Medallist at Hildesheim, 1764-1768.
L. Fide LEUPOLD. Die-sinker at Dresden, cm. ijb-y-sj'jo.
L. r/c?e G. LJUNGBEBGER. Medallist at Stockholm, 1765-1801.
Also G. L.
L. Fide I. LINDENSCHMIDT. Die-sinker at Mayence and Wiesbad-
en, circ. 1790.
L. Fide LAUER. Counter-manufacturer at Nuremberg, 1791-1797.
L. Fide HENDRIK LAGEMAN. Dutch Medallist, b. 1765 f i8r6.
L. Fide ft.. LAVY. Medallist at Turin, 1796- 1827. Also A. L
L, Fide I. LAMG. Medallist at Vienna, 1800-1835. Also 1. 1.
h. ^jWe LOWEL. Mint-master at SaaJfeld, 1803-1833. His initials
occur also in 1807 and 1812 on coins of Reuss.
L. Fide JOSEPH LERCH. Medallist at Prague, second quarter o£ the
nineteenth century.
L. Fide LESSER. Medallist at Breslau, f 1843.
L Fide ANTON CHRISTIAN LAUTENSCHLAGER. 1820-1877. Medal-
list at Hauau.
L FiWeL'ALLEMEMT. Die-sinker at Frankfort-on-M., 1807-1814;
died in 1830. Also L'AL.
L Signature of a Medallist on a Portuguese medal, 1873.
Bibliography. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, Mi\it:(-Abkurx}mgen, Berlin, 1S96.
• L • Signature of a German Medallist of the second quarter ol
the sixteenth century. It occurs on a Portrait-medal of LorenzStay-
ber ^L. Bust of his consort ; dated 1535 (illustrated). The 'L- stands
out in relief on truncation of obv. bust.
By the same artist are probably also : 1535- Katharina Loxau
(Berlin); — (1536). Barbara Welser (Berlin); — 1537. Countess
Palatine Dorothea (Berlin); ~ 1538. Sophie Galber (Berlin), and
others.
The style is realistic, the costumes richly adorned, and the letters
vertical.
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The medals just mentioned belong to the group described undei
MG" in Erman, Deutsche McdaiHeuu, p. 31.
Bolzenthal suggested Hans Lobsinger as the author of the Stayber
Medal.
Bibliography. — Erman, Deutsche Medailleun, 1884.
A,3A or AE (Greelf). Perhaps an abbreviation for Leon ovLednidas;
signature of a Tarentine Coin -engraver, whose period of activity
is comprised betvi-een 380-345 B.C. The influence of this artist is
very marked on the Tareniine issues, from the beginning of Period III
of Evans, and even beiore, and all the Didrachms signed A offer
the same characteristics of style and design.
D' Arthur Evans describes these coins in the following manner :
" The coins, characterized by the compact character of the engrav-
ing, show considerable skill in composition, and we seem to acquire
distinct evidence of the reaction of individual master-pieces of
sculpture and painting on the die-sinker's art. Of singularly sculp-
turesque aspect is the horseman with the bridle-arm in front of his
horses neck, and his head gracefully inclined towards ihat ofhis
charger — - a masterpiece of^skilful pose and harmonious balance,
which suggests the influence of some familiar relief in marble. It is
as it were a detached figure taken from a frieze, and makes us the
more legret that so little of the sculpture of the Tarentine temples
has been preserved. Not inferior to this in artistic conception, and,
indeed, displaying a marked fellow feeling witli it, is the reverse of
the same piece representing Taras, his head bowed forward as
before, seated sideways on his marine charger, an arm resting on
the dolphin's tail, the other lightly laid upon its forehead, his whole
attitude instinct with reverie and repose {Vide n" 9). This remark-
able coin is signed A, assuredly indicating the same artist who
signs VE and A during Period II, and the same signature is found
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— 255 —
on ssveral coins ut Period HI. The coins with tlicse signatures rank
among tlie best examples of the compact style ot engraving described
above, and from the correspondence alike of signature and of artistic
tradition we are justified in concluding that the peculiarities of this
class are largely due to the influence of a single engraver. The
reverse of the coin signed 3A in minute letters is, from an artistic
point of view, extremely remarkable. Though the horse on the
obverse is still somewhat immature, the exquisite figure of Taras
pointing downwards at the sea-creature, whatever ic may be, at
which with his other arm he aims a dart, will not easily find a
parallel for playful grace and lightsomeness of touch. In feeling,
however, it is curiously in harmony with the beautiful coin
signed A, while the obverse designs of other coins with the same
signature present an equally close agreement in their type of the
galloping horseman. Style, signature, and design alike lead us to
refer these works to the same artist whose initially... may find its
completion in such well-established Tarentine names as Leon or
Lednidas (tivans. Horsemen of Tarentuin, p. 48).
The following are some of the varieties of Didrachms, probably
engraved by A.
Period 11. Before aVc. B.C. 380.
1. jR.. Didrachni. Obv, Naked Ephebos crowning stationary
horse to r. ; beneath horse, A.
V^. Taras astride on dolphin to r., resting his I. hand on the
dolphin's head, and with his right aiming a dart downwards. In
field to 1. TAPAI.
Evans, op. ciL, p. 44, E n" 5.
2. JB^. Didrachm. Obv. Naked Ephebos galloping to r., with his
r. arm thrown back; beneath horse, A.
IJC- Taras astride on dolphin to 1. ; his r. arm resting on dolphin's
back; his 1. extending akrostolion ; beneath, A and TAPAI.
Evans, op. cit., p. 45, H n" r. — Car. CXII, 173.
3. JP^. Didrachm. Obv. Naked Ephebos on horse galloping to r.,
holding whip in r. hand behind him; under the horse, A.
'^. Same type as n" 2, with Asometimes under horse.
M. P. Vlasto Collection, ex. Maddalena Sale. —Brit
Mus. n" 119. — Cf. Carelli C(X, 104.
The style of tiiese staters is very fine, and they are undoubtedly
by the same hand as those signed 3a and AE.
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4- ^. Didrachm. Obv. Naked EpIiCbos galloping to 1., holding
reins with both hands ; beneath liorse A.
^. Taras astride on dolphin to 1., resting his 1. hand on dolphin's
back, and with r. extending akrostolion; beneath dolphin, A and
TAPAZ.
Evans, op. cit., p. 45, L n" i. — M. P. Vlasto Collection.
5. J^. Didrachm. Obv. Same type; beneath horse, 3A, in
minute characters.
^. Taras astride on dolphin to r., pointing dowziwards with 1.
hand, and with his right aiming downwards with dart; beneath
dolphin, TAPAl.
Evans, op.cit., p. 45, L n° 2, PI. II, 11,
6. A<^. Didrachm. Obv. Youthful horseman galloping to I.; he
holds reins in 1. hand and in r. a small round shield; under the
horse in microscopical letters AE-
"^L. Taras nude on dolphin to r., holding in r. hand a small tri-
dent; TAPAI sometimes to I. and sometimes under the dolphin.
M. P. Vlasto Collection (2 var.) ^Revue numismatique,
1904, PI. V, n-7 & 7».
Period III. B.C. 380-345.
7. jR. Didrachm, Obv. Naked yotith crowning his stationary
horse to r.
'^. Taras seated sideways on dolphin, resting r, hand on fish's
head, and 1, on tail; beneath, A.
Evans, op. cit., p. 58, A n° i. — Car. CIX, 106,
8. jR. Didrachm. Obv. Same as last.
^i. Similar type, with Taras astride holding akrostolion;
beneath, A.
Evans, op. cit., p. 58, A n" 3, PL III, 2. — Car. CXII,
172. — B. M. Cat., Italy, n° 128. — M. P. Vlasto Col-
,sted by Google
9- JP<. Didrachm. Obv. Nakt;d youcli galloping co r.; beneath
horse, A.
'^L. Taras astride on dolphin, holding out akrostolion.
Evans, op. cil., p. 58, 13 n° i. — M. P. Vlasto Collection.
10. jR. Didrachm. Obv. Naked youth on horse to r, ; his shield
seen sideways behind him ; his head inclined towards the horse's,
and his bridle-arm in front of the horse's neck; horse stationary,
but raises its off fore-leg ; beneath horse, A.
^. Taras seated sidevifays on the dolphin to 1., his head slightly
inclined forward,
Evans, op. cit., p. 58, C n" r, PI. Ill, 5. — M. P. Vlasto
Collection.
10, 2&^. Didrachm Obv Naked bphebot, {apbate) on horseback
galloping to 1. ; undei the horse, A
'^L. Taras on dolphin to 1 , his light arm icsting on dolphin's
back and holding in extended right hand an akrostolion; under
the dolphin, TAPAI.
Weight : 121 grs. — M. P. Vlasto Collection. — Cf.
Hunter, Macdonald, n" 40.
For the obv. Vide Evans, p. 61, Type LI (Period III), but the
above- described type must belong to the end of Period II.
A (Greek'). Possibly an Engraver's signature on Didrachms of
Velia, of the first half of the fourth century B.C., circ. 375-350.
JR.. Didrachm. Obv. Head of Pallas to I., wearing crested Athe-
nian helmet, adorned with olive-wreath, earring and necklace.
^L. YEA- Lion seizing stag to 1. ; beneath stag, A.
B. M. Cat., Italy, p. 307, n" 37.
A. L. (Bohem.'). Signature of a Medallist of the latter end of the
sixteenth century and early portion of the seventeenth. His initials
occur on Religious medals. One of them represents on obv. Joshua
and Caleb carrying the bunch of grapes, and on ^L. Joshua standing
in full armour beside a tree in front of camp. Vide Merzbacher,
Kunst-Medaillen-Katahg, Mai 1900, lots 316-31S.
A. L. Vide ANDREAS LAFFERT Mint-master at Fraustadt, 1594,
Stolberg and Wernigerode, 1612-1617.
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A. L. /He ADAM LONGERICH. Mint-master at Coblentz, 1678-
1683.
A. L. Vide ALBRECHT LINDEERG. Mintmaster at Stockholm, 1762-
1773.
A. L. Vide AMADEO LAVY. Medallist at Turin, 1796-1827.
A. L. fide LIGBER. Die-sinker at Warsaw, circ. 1808,
A. L. Vide ANTONIO LEYVA. Commander of the Imperial Fortress
at Pavia, 1525. His initials occur on obsidional coins of that city
and date,
B. L. or B L. Fide Vol. I. (Germ.). Signature of a Saxon Medallist,
who worked circ. 1669-1694, and produced some excellent work.
Erman calls hini"ein sehrguter MedaiUeur", and notices that after
1682 the style of his medals is quite altered and resembles some-
what that of Leygebe, whom he however did not equal.
Thus signed are the following medals : 1664. Johann Caspar von
Ampringen, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order (Dudik, PI. 9,
107); — 1669. John George II. of Saxony (with various reverses,
Itzinger. Tentzel Lin. Alb., PI. 57, 11, iii); — 1669. John
George III. as Prince-elector (Berlin. Tentze! E. 1. PI. 63 I); —
Johann Adam Scherzer.
1669. Andreas Kauxdorff Senior, an ecclesiastic (Berhn) ; — 1669.
Johann AdamScherzer, professor of theology at Leip;^ig {illustrated) ;
— 1672. Hans Andreas Hommel (Berlin); — Undated. Martin Geier,
Court-preacher at Dresden, after 1665 ; — 1682. Johann Olearius,
Court-preacher at Weissenfels (Berlin); — 1683. Valentin Alberti,
,/ Google
professor of theology at Leipzig (Berlin); — Undated. Carl Caspar
von derLeyen, ArclibishopofTreves(i652-i676J; — 1694. Georg
Balthasar von Sandrart, painter (Berlin).
These medals are full of character and executed in a free
Bibliography. — Erman, Deutsche Medailhure, Berlin, 1884.
C. L. Vide CONRAD LADFER. Counter-manufacturer at Nuremberg,
circ. i6j6.
C. L. FiWe CASPAR LONGERICH. Mint-master at Treves, 1683-
1693.
C. L. Fide CARL LESSER. Medallist at Breslau, f 1843.
C. L. (Dutch'). Signature of a Medallist or Goldsmith of Friesland,
second half of the sixteenth century. It occurs on a Portrait-medal
of Hidde Sybrens, 1584.
Bibliography. — Calalogus der Nederlandsche en op Nederland betrekkiii^ liebbende
Gedenkpenningen, 1, 's Gravenhage, igoj.
C. L. F. Tliis signature occurs on a Portuguese Portrait- medal of
John IV,, 1641.
D.L. Vide DANIEL LESSE. Mint-master at Dantzig, 1656-1685.
D. L. Vide DANIEL FRIEDRICH LOOS, 1735-1819. Medallist at Mag-
deburg, 1756-1767, and Berlin, 1768-1819.
D. L. H. Vide NICOLAS DELAHAYE. Goldsmith and MedalUst at
Paris, circ. 1645-1695.
E. L. Vide HIERONYMUS LOCENTI EQVES. Medallist at Rome, circ.
1670-1677.
E. L. Vide ERCOLE LELLI. 1702-1765. Mint-engraver at Bologua
under Popes Clement XII. andXIIL, i-ji^-i-jdd.
F. L. Vide LDTMA FILIUS. Son of Jan Lutma (f r66o) and also a
Medallist.
F. L. Vide FRIEDRICH LOOS. Medallist at Berlin, died in 1806.
P. L. FiWe FRIEDRICH LAUTENSACK. Mint-master at Rostock, 1796-
1802.
F. L. S. Vide FRIEDRICH LUDWIG 5TUBER. Mint-master at Dantzig
and Elbing, 1760-1767.
G. L. Vide GABRIELE LOMBARDO. Mint-inspector at Venice, circ.
1565-
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G, L, fiWfjGIROLAMOor HIERONYMDS LUCENT!. Medallist at Rome,
circ. 1670-1677.
G.L. r/fi^ GOTTFRIED LETGEBE. 1630-1683. Silcsian Medallist who
worked as Mint-engraver and Medallist at Nuremberg, 1645-1668,
then at Berlin, i668-!683.
G. L. Vide GABRIEL lUNDER. Norwegian Medallist, who worked
for some time at Nuremberg, then at Koenigsberg, and from 1742-
1783 at Copenhagen.
G. L. Fide GUSTAV LJUNGBERGER. MedalHst at Stodholm, 1765-
1801.
G. L. Fide GOTTFRIED BERNHARD LOOS. 1773-1843. Pounder of
the Loos Die-sinking establishment at Berlin.
G. L. C. or L. C. Fide GABRIEL LECLERC. Medallist at Basle, circ.
1685, then at Cassel, and circ. 1708 at Berlin; Mint-master at
Bremen, 1737; f 1743.
H. L. or HL. Fide HANS LACHENTRESS. Mint-master at Gottingen,
1601-1607, Corvey, 1607, and Moritzburg near Hildesheim, 1608-
1611.
H. L. Fide nEINRICH LAFFEBT. Min:-master at Posen and from
1612-1615 at Driessen. Also HL.
H. L. or HL. Fide HEINRICHLOHR. Mint-master at Quedlinburg,
1617-1619.
H. L. Fide HANS LAUGH. Mint-master at Quedlinburg, 1620-1624
and 1633-1637.
H. L. or HL. Fide HANS LENKER. Medallist at Augsburg, 1620-
1630.
H. L. Fide LEOPOLD (-.on der) HOCHSTBASSE. Mint-master at
Vienna, fourteenth century.
H. L. r/i^^ HANS LIPHART. Mint-master at Erfurt, 1592-1599.
H. L. Fide HEINRICH LAMBERT. Mint-master at Deutz, r5o8, 1615
and 1616. Also HL.
U. l. Fide UAHS, LIPPE. Mint-master at Thorn, 1629-1630.
H. L. Fide HANS LAUFER. Counter-manufacturer at Nuremberg,
ti632.
H. L. Fide HANS LUDWIG KIENLEM. Mint-master at Ulm, 1365-
1639. Also H. L. and H. L. K.
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H. L. Fide HERMANN LUDERS. Mint-master at Bremen, 1670-1673,
and Hamburg, 1674-1692. He coined for Schleswig-Holstein,
1676-1689, and the city of Luneburg, 1677-1678. In 1681 he
became Mint-warden to Lower Saxony. Also HL or IL,
H. L, Fide HANS LUDERS. Mint-master at Hildesheim, 1695-1710,
and Detmold, 1710-1716. Also HL or j^. jZ.
H. L. Fide HEINRICH LORENZ. Medallist at Berlin, circ. 1S43,
Altona, circ. 1848.
H. L. F. Fide HANS LOBSINGER. Medallist at Nuremberg, after
1520.
H. L. F. Fide HANS LUTZELB0RGER. Modeller in Bavaria, dre.
1524.
H. L. K. Fide HANS LUDWIG KIENLEN. Mint-master at Ulm, 1635-
1639.
H. L. 0. Fide HEINRICH LAURENZ ODENDAHL. Mint-master at
Miinster, 1696-1700 and 1704-1706, Hoxter, 1698 and 1703,
Miihlheim-on-Rhine, 1700-1701, Osnabruck, 1701 and 1703, and
Paderborn, 1701-1702.
I. L. Fide JAN LOOFF. Medallist at Middelburg, 1627-1648. Also
I. L. f.
I. L. FideJENS LARSSEN. Danish Medallist, circ. 1650-1660.
1.1. Fide JOHANN LINCK. Mint-engraver at Heidelberg, 1659-
1711.
I. L. Fide JOHANN EIEBMANN. Mint-warden at Clausthat, 1646,
and Berlin, 1664-1682.
I. L. Fide JOHANN LONGERICH. Mint-master at Sayn, Mublheim-
oti-Rhine, Dortmund, and Mijnster, 1664-1680.
I. L. Fide JOSEPH LONGERICH. Mint-master at Treves, 1690.
I. L. Fide JAN LUDER. Dutch Medallist of the end of tlie seven-
teenth century and early part of the eighteenth ; resided in London,
circ. 17 10.
I. L. TiWe JACOB LYR. Mint-engraver at Cologne, 1678-1694.
I. L. Fide JE&n LEEFKES. Russian Medallist, 1694-1709.
I. L. Fide I. L. J. LEEFKEN. Mint-engraver at St. Petersburg, circ.
1739.
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I. L. Vids JOHANN LANGE. Meikllisi: ;inci Mint-engraver at Moscow,
1718-1715.
I. L. Fide JOHAUK LINDENSCHMIDT. Medallist and Miut-engraver
at Mayence, 1790, and Wiesbaden after i8o8.
1. L. Fide JOSEPH LANC. 1776-1835. Medallist at Vienna.
I. L. Vide J. IIGBER. Mint-engraver at Warsaw, circ. 1S08.
I. L. Vide J. LECLERCQ. Die-sinker at Geneva, circ. 1831.
I. L. Vide 3. LORENZ Junior. Die-sinker at Hamburg, circ. 1S69.
I. L. A. Fide JOHANN LEONHARD ARENSB0RG. Mint-warden at
Zerbst, 1683; Mint-master to Count Gustavus von Sayn-Wittgen-
stein, 1684, then at Barby, 1687, and Stettin, 1689-1697.
I. L. F. Fide JAN LUDER. Die-sinker in the Netherlands and in
London, 1672-1710.
I. L. F. Vide JOHANN LUNGERBERGER. Medallist at St. Petersburg,
1730-1745.
I. L. H. Vide JOHANN LORENZ HOLLAND. Mint-master at Dresden,
1698-1716.
I L. I. VidesilRGm LIPPOLD JASTER. Mint-engraveratHildesheim,
I. L. K. Fide JOHANN LUDWIG KOHLER. 1770-1828. Die-sinker at
Neustadt a. d. H.
IL. !..(?) Vide JOHANN LEEFKEH. Russian Die-sinker, 1694-1709.
I. L. 0. Fide JOHANN LEONHABB OEXLEIN. 1715-1789. Medallist
and Mint-engraver at Nnremberg, 1740-1787.
I, L. R. Vide JOHANN LORENZ RUCHDESCHEL. Mint-master at Bay-
reuth, 1 7 36- 1 740.
I. L. ST. Fide JOHANN LEOMHARB STOCHMAR. Mint-engraver at
Eisenach, 1785; Mint-master there, 1790-1835.
I. L. W. Fide JOHANN LUDWIG WAGNER. Medallist at Stuttgart,
1798 ;t 1845.
M. L. Fide MAGNO LIPPI. Mint-master at Parma, 1618.
M. L. Vide MATTHIAS LAUFFER. Counter-manufacturer at Nurem-
berg, circ. 1623.
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M. L. Fide MATTIAS LONGERICH. Mint-master at Idstein, 1692.
H. L. Vide HICOLAUS LONGERICH. Mint-master at Diisseldorf, 1 680,
Bonn, 1686, 1693 and 1694, Cologne, 1699 and 1700; also at
Dortmund and Essen, 1688.
P. L. Vide PETER LOHR of Goslar. Mint-master at Paderbora, 1655-
1658, Gottingen, 1659-1663, Biickeburg, 1660, Hildesheim, 1663-
1665, Nordheim, 1665-1671, Catlenburg, 1675-1676, and Ellrich,
1676-1679,
P. L. Fide PEERLDHDGREN. Medallist at Siockholm, second half
of the nineteenth century.
T. I.. Fj'<;^ TRUELS LYNG. Mint-master at Kongsberg, 1737-1770.
V.L. TiiJ^ FRANZ ANTON VAN LON. Medallist and Copper-plate
engraver, who worked between 1727 and 1764 at Cologne, Bonn
and Ehrenbreitstein, and later was employed by the Bishop of
Wurzburg, 1765.
V. L. P. Fide VERCELLI (Mint) LUIGI FERRARI. Mint-master at
Vercelli, 1548-1564.
V. L. G. (on Dutch medals) Vivent les Gueux.
W. L. Vide WOLP LAUFER. Counter-manufacturer at Nuremberg,
1618-1620.
Z. L. Vide ZUAKO LEONI. Rector of the Mhit at Cattaro, 1449-
1451.
Z. L. Vide ZDANO LOREDANO. Rector of the Mint at Cattaro, 1590-
1592.
Z. L. /^iWeZUANO LIPPOMANO. Rector of the Mint at Cattaro, 1592-
1594-
BiELEOGKAPHY. — Sdillcktysen-Pallmarm, op. ell.
L. A. Vide LEA AHLBORN. Swedish MedaUIst and Mint-engra.ver
at Stockholm, 1853-1895.
L. A. P. Fide LEONARDO ALOYSIO FOSCARINI. Mint-inspector at
Venice, 1778-1779.
L'AL. Vide CONRAD CHRISTIAN L'ALLEMENT. Mint-engraver at
Frankfort-on-M., 1807- 1814; died in 1830. Also c. C. L'ALLEM.
LAV, P. Fide LADRENTIUS PARMENSIS, also LORENZO Dl PARMA
or PARMIGGIANO, but really LORENZO CARTEROKE. Gem-engraver
./Google
and Medallist ;U Home, f 1585. Signed ;ilso LAV. PAR or L. PAR
and L.PARM.
BiBLiOGiiAPHY. — ■ Sdilickcyseii-Palimann, D/i. dt.
LAA, AMBROISE (French). Mint- master at Bayonne, from an IV to
XI of the First Republic. Tlie coins struck under him bear as dis-
tinctive mark, a lion's head,
LABARRE, JEAN DE LA (French) (. . 1545-1561). Goldsmith of
Lyons, who executed in 1548, from models made by Salomon,
"ystoiresd'or" which were presented to Henry II. and Catherine
de Medici on their Visit to Lyons. He also made "anticques"
(imitations of ancient coins).
BiBLiOGUAPHY. — N. Rondot & H. dc k Tour, op. cil.
LABARRE, GEORGES (French). Contemporary Sculptor, residing
at Paris, who since 1877 has exhibited numerous Portrait-medallions
at the annual Salons.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, Dictionnaire gAi&al des arlisUs de
VEcole fra>z0he, Paris, 1883-1885.
LABB£, QiEKHLkm (French). Mint-master at Paris, under Henri IV.,
1594.
LABET, CHARLES (French). MJnt-cngraver at Besancon, 1667-
1674. He succeeded Pierre de Loisy.
LABITTE, M"'' CAMILLE ALPHONSE(F«w^). Contemporary Sculp-
tor, who in 1885 exhibited Portrait-medallions of J. Felon and
W" H. C***.
LABOUCHfiRE, HENRY (THE RIGHT HONi"!^-) Qiiii.). Master of the
Royal Mint, London, anni 5-7 of William IV., 1835-7.
LA CAMBE, HANIN DE LA (French). Mint-engravcrat Valenciennes,
1368.
LACHENMAYR, KASPAR GREGOR (Germ.). Director of the Mint at
Munich, 1748.
LA CROIX, PIERRE DB (French). Mint-engraver at Nantes, drc.
1695.
LACHENTREISS, or LACHENTRESS, H&.HS(Germ.). Mint-master at
Gottiogen, 29. June i6ot to 16. February (607, then at Corvey,
and from 1608 to i6ri at the episcopal Mint of Moritzberg near
Hildesheim. His issues bear the monogram H,,
Bibliography. — - Wolff, Miin:^viehter mid IVardeine der Stildle Gottingen,
Nordlieiiii^ und Einbecl;, Btdltn far Mim^^freiinde, i. Jaiiuar 188}.
.i,d=, Google
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LACHESNEL, SIMONNET DE {French). Goldsmith of Paris, fourteenth
century, who is mentioned tor having counterfeited the King's
dies.
LACHER, C. {Austr.). Modeller of a medal engraved by J.Tauten-
hayn, of the Amalia Countess Somssich Institute, 1874.
LACOMBE, BERNARD {French). Mint-master and contractor at
Tours and Angers, previous to 1653 ; afterwards Die-cutter at the
Mint of Tours. He signed Bernard La Comhe.
Bii!LioGRAPHV. — Rondot & de La Tour, op. cU.
LACOSTE {French). A Paris Die-sinker by whom there is a commem-
orative medal of the July Revolution, 1830.
LACOSTE, PIERRE {French). Mint-master at Troyes, 1310-1311,
in conjunction with Vanne or Venne Guy. An Engraver of the
same name was Die-cutter at the Mint of Montpellier, 1352-1353.
Bibliography. — N. Roiidot, Les Gravmrs ds Troyes, Macon, 1S97.
LA COSTE, GUY DE {French). Mint-engraver at Toulouse, circ.
1399.
LA DABIE, GABRIEL {French). Mint-engraver at Paris, circ. 1659-
1662 and later.
LAUfi, D' AUGUSTE {Swiss). Contemporary Nuinismatist, residing
at Geneva, and author of various numismatic works. Formerly a
partner in the firm of STROEHLIN & CO {q. v.) and STROEHLIN &
LADfi, which has edited several medals connected with Genevese
history. Fide STROEHLIN.
LADERRltlRE, ANTOINE (Br/„^.), Mint-master at Tournay, 13. Au-
gust 1645 — ir. October 1658.
LADERRIErE, ANTOIKE DE {Belg.). Mint-master at Bruges,
24. October 1683- — 6. April 1685, and again, 2 May 1686 —
4. October 1689. On his death, his widow, Catherine de Tilly
and her son, continued the direction of the Mint, 4. January 1690
— 3. July 1700.
LADERRIfiRE, JEAN {French). Mint-engraver at "Valenciennes,
1429-1430.
LADSITZKY, C. {Germ.). This signature is said to occur on a Por-
trait-medal of Landgrave Friedrich Egon of Ftirstenberg, on his
inauguration as Archbishop of Olmtitz, 6. June 1853. 1 suspect the
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— 266 —
author of the medal to be C. Radnitzlcy, the well-known Viennese
Medallist.
Bibliography, — Fr. Dollingcr, Dk Fm-itmberghcheit Mmx^n und Medailhn,
Donaueschingen, 1903.
LAFEBS, HANS {Germ.). Mint-master at Zellerfeld, i62o(?)-
1623.
LAFFERT, ANDREAS (Germ.). Mint-master at Fraustadt, 1594,
Stotberg and Wernigerode, 1612-1617. His issues are signed A. t.
LAFFERT, HETNRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Posen previous to
1 6 12, then at Driessen, 1612-1615, under Johann Sigmund,
Prince-Elector of Brandenburg. He undertook to coin at Driessen
imitation Hungarian Ducats, Thalers and Groschen. I have noticed
his initials H. L. on a Thaler of Sigmund, Margrave of Brandenburg,
1612. Andreas Laffert was a brother of Heinrich LafFert, who,
according to Kirmis, tilled also the post of Assayer-general to the
Crown of Poland from 1604/8 to 1617.
BiBLioGSAPHY, — C. Oesterreicher, Rigeslen x." }• 'Ne^vald's PubJicilioiien uber
dsktreJchische Munifrrdgungen, 1895. — Max Kirmis, Handhich der Poliiischen
MM^kunde, Posen, 1892. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cit., pi>. }J, 210. —
RmmmannSaieCcUdogue,l\, 1893.
LAFONT, GEORGES JEAK JOSEPH (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Paris ; pupil of Levasseur. At the Salon of 1886, this artist
exhibited a Portrait-medallion of D' A. S. Fauvel.
LAFONTAINE, FANNY (French). Contemporary Sailptor, born at
Paris, and author of several Portrait-medallions.
LAFITTE (Fi n h) MelatUst of the early part of the nineteenth
centui\ Nsho \\orl ed n Mudle's National Series ofEngHsh Medals.
Baltic of Talave:
His Signature otturs on the following medals : Battle of Talavera,
1809, obv. Bust of Wellington, by Mills 1^. Victory facing
o,C.oo(^lc
-26t -
QUustrated), &c., signed LAFITTE; - — The English Army upon the
Scheldt, 1815, obv. Bull to r., by DepauHs ^L. River-god reclining
tor., signed LF, F.
A Draughtsman and Historical Painter of the name of Louis Laiitte,
1770-1828, designed various decorative works under the First
Empire and appears to have been also employed by English firms,
but I cannot iaentify him with the author of the two reverses of
English medals above described.
Bibliography. — Weber, Nineteenth Century Medals by Joreign Artists. — Cha-
vignerle et Auvray, op. at.
LAFLEUR, ABEL (French'). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
born at Rodez (Aveyron); pupi! ot Ponscarme and Chaplain. At
the Salon of 1901, he exhibited a frame containing four Portrait-
plaquetles, and a medal "Souvenir"; in 1902, three Portrait-
plaquettes, and a medal representing a Lady seated; in 1903, Por-
rrait of M""" X***; — Medal " Femme eglantine "; — - Femme aux
gants; — Femme au manchon ; — Femme nue, aprfes le bain ; —
Danseuse; — -in 1904; —Femme au bain, plaquette, 1904; — Bai-
gneuse; — Portrait of M. Alfred Dabin; — Femme lisant; — The
Picture Book; — Christ lying down, &c.
His plaquettes are wanting in lightness ; — 1 905 . The Picture Book;
— Lady with flowers ; — Femme aux gants ; — Danseuse ; — Vieille
femme; — Femme accoud^e lisant; — Le Bain (in commission for
the Soci^t^ de la MMaille fran^aise); — D"" Pautrier; — Edouard
Zune ; — Baigneuse ; — Le The ; — Femme assise ; — Christ, &c.
At the Salon of 1905 he obtained a Medal of the Third class.
BiBLioGSAPHY. —Salon Exhibitions Catalogues, 1901-190;.
LAFORESTESIE, LOUIS EDMOND (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
bom at Port-au-Prince, pupil of JoufFroy and Le Bourg ; residing
at Paris. He modelled a number of Portrait-medallions some of
whi^ch were exhibited at the annual Salons between 1867 and 1880,
and later. The coinage of the Repubhc of Haiti, 1880-1882 bears
under the head of Liberty, which he modelled, his signature : LAFO-
RESTERIE, as well as that of : ROTY G.
Bibliography. — Chavignerit et Auvray, op. cii., i, 875.
LAGAE, JULES (Belg.). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
born at Roulers, 15, March 1862, and now residingat Brussels.
Pupil of Charles Van der Stappen, and Lambeaux. He has produced
several decorative works, among the more notable being a Medal
for the Brussels Exhibition of 1897, and the monument erected
in memory ot the poet, Ledeganck; also : La Ville de Gand, Pla-
quette; — Portrait-medal of M. Edouard Simon, Burgomaster of
Perwelz, 1902.
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In 1888, the^rtist obtained the Prix de Rome, and lie is .i Knight
of tlie Order of Leopold.
M(^d.^lof the' Brussels Esliibilioii, 1897
Berliogkaphy. — Studio, August 1898. — Laloire, Medailks de Belgiqii^, 190}
— A. de Witte, La Mcdaille en Belgique an XIX' sikie, Bruxelles, 1905.
LAGARDE, J. f.(Frenc}}), Contemporary Sculptor, whose signature
appears on Portrait-medallions in clay and bronze,
LAGEMAN, HENDRIK (Dutch), Medallist of Amsterdam, son of
J. M, Lageman, was born in 1765 and died in 1816 ; pupU of Carl
Kons6, and J. G. Holtzhey. His productions were ninch admired by
his contemporaries, and are few in number. By him are : 1794.
Wicker Wickers and liis consort Clara Smith ; — ■ Patriotic Medal ;
— 1787. Return of Prince William V. to The Hague; — 1788.
Conclusion of the Act of Guarantee between the provinces of the
Netherlands; — 1788. The Stadholder's household visits Brock in
Waterland; — 1791. 25''' Anniversary of Prince William V. of
Orange's Stadholderate ; — Marriage of the hereditary Prince Wil-
liam Frederick of Orange with Princess Frederika Louise Wilhel-
mina of Prussia ; — 1 794. Planting the Tree of Liberty at Amster-
dam; — 1799- Medal of Reward; - — 1800. Prize Medal of the
Batavian Literary Society ; — — 1802. Peace of Amiens; —
25''' Anniversary of the Society " Felix Meritis" ; — ■ 1806. Death
of Jan Nieuvenhiiysen ; ■ — 1806. Death of Prince William V. ; —
./Google
— 2^9 —
1 8 14- Inauguration of Prince William of Orange as Sovereign Prince
(3 var.); — William I. visits tiie Utrecht Mint; — 1809. Prize
Medal for Public Services (Tot Nut van'l Algemeen); — Pattern
Coins of Louis Napoleon, 1807 (not approved of by the Govern-
ment).
Immerzeel praises the artist as having been very successful.
Bibliography. — Bolzemhal, Skij;;{en &c. — Thomscn Catalogue. — C" de
Nahuys, Histoire numhmatique dti Royaume de Hollaiide, 1858. — Hildebraiid, op,
cil., 11., p. 181. — DeHisloriepeniiingenenMuntei! bdrekkingltehheiideaphelSlaillhuis
van Oranje-Nassaii, 1898. — Immerzeel, d^. cit.
LAGSHAN, I. M, (Dutch) " A citizen of Amsterdam, wrhere he
lived on the " Papen-bridge " ; he was a Dealer in gold and silver
(goud-kashouder), and eked out his income by the manufacture and
sale of toys, and by engraving cards for weddings, balls, visiting,
&c. See Wapp, Astrm, IV, 193, as quoted by Van Loon, Sup.
p. -J 2." (Belts, Historical Medals of Atnerica, p. 264).
J. M, Lageman, who was also a Die-sinker, engraved a number
of medals, which commend themselves by very good work. Among
these are : 1773. Second Jubilee ot the Deliverance of Alkmaar; —
1775. Storms and Inundations in Holland; — 1776. Storms and
Floods in the Netherlands; — 1778. Second Centenary of the Refor-
mation at Amsterdam; — 1778- Second Centenary of the Lutheran
Orphanage at Amsterdam ; — I779. Death of TheophiledelaTour,
priest at Amsterdam; — 1780. Administration of the Holy Sacrament
by Bishop Cezar Brancadoro at Huissen; — Badge of the Utrecht
Association "ProPatriaetLibertate"; — Arming of Burgher Corps
in 1784; — Death ot J. D. Van der Capellen, 6, June 1784; —
Discontent in the States, 1786 ; -— Friendship and Concord Medal,
1786; — Engagement on the Vaart near Gutfaas, 9. May 1787 ; —
Medal of the Town Guard of Harlingen, 1787 ; — Death of T. I.
Ewald, minister at Amsterdam, 1788 ; ■ — Restoration of Peace
in the Netherlands, 1788; — The State of the Country, 1788; —
Visit of Prince William V. to Brock, 1788; — Silver Wedding of
Claudius Hendrikus van Herwerden and Gertrude Agnes Comme-
lin, 1790; — Marriage of Prince Charles George Augustus of Bruns-
wick with Princess Frederika Louisa Wilhelmina of Orange, 1790 ;
— 25''' Anniversary of Prince William V.'s siadholderate, 1790;
— Marriage of the hereditary Prince WiUem Frederik with Princess
Frederika Louisa Wilhelmina of Prussia, 1791 ; — Archbishop Van
Nisibi administers the Holy Sacrament at Amsterdam and Utrecht
(2 var.); — Inauguration of a Lutheran Church at Amsterdam,
1793; — Golden Wedding of W. Wickers and Clara Smith, 1794;
— Silver Wedding of Anthony Jacob Bierens and Susanna Hasina
Willink, 1 796 ; — Commemorative medal of the Treaty of Neutrality
between the Powers, to resist the claims of England, and indirectly
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— 370 —
to aid the American Colonies (signed : I. M. LACEMAN); — 1781.
Naval Battleoff the Doggersbank; — 1782. Loss of St.Hustatiaby the
Dutch; — The New Year, 1782; ■— 17S1. Holland declares
America free; — 1783. Treaty of Paris; — D' Phoebus Hitzer
Themmen of Amsterdam; — 1783- Death of Johann Hendrik
Vorstius, Lutheran minister at Amsterdam; — Preliminaries of
Peace between England and the Netherlands, Sec.
Lageman was entrusted with the cutting of the first dies for the
coinage of Ducats of William L of the Netherlands, 1815.
Bibliography. — Belts, op. ctt. — - Hildebrand, op. cit., II, p. 181. — Van
Loon, op. cit. and Supplemmt I — X.
LAGGE (Germ.'). Medallist of the first half of the nineteenth cen-
tury, who appears to have resided at Athens, but of whom no bio-
graphical details are known.
By him are : Marc Botzaris, Greek patriot ^. Battle of Carpenesi,
1823 ; — Theodore Colocotronis and Nicetas Stamatopoulos, Greek
patriots ^. Victory of Nemea, 1S22 ; — George Countouriotis,
Greek statesman, 1825 ; — Germanos, Archbishop of Patras, Insur-
rection of 1 82 1 ; ■ — Peter Mauromichalis, Greek general and patriot,
1821 ; — Andrew Miaoulis, Greek admiral, 1825 ; ■ — Election of
OthoL, King of Greece, 1833, &c.
LAGIER, ANTOINE {French). Mint-engraver at Aix, 1560-1579.
LAGIER, JEAN FRANCOIS (French). Mint-engraver at Lyons,
II. August 1656 to 25. July 1675. On a document of 1656, Pierre
Carrand, Mint-assayer at Lyons declares " cognoistre ledict Lagier
puis quelques amines qu'il I'a veu travaiUer soit dans la monnoye
de cette ville soit ailleurs a forger, travailler et graver. " Lagier
engraved also some jctons of the Consulate; one of them, dated
1659, executed for the provost Francois de Baillon, bears on one
side Louis XIV., facing, riding on horseback, led by Justice and
Strength.
Rondot calls Lagier a clever Engraver, He died at Lyons between
the 25. of July 1675 and the 30. April 1676.
, Rotidot, Lis Graveurs de moimaies d Lyon du XllI" au
197. — Rondot & Dc La Tour, op. at.
LAGIER, JEHAN (French). Son of Antholne Lagier, and Mint-
engraver at Aix, 1579-1583.
Bibliography. — A. Barre, Gravmrs gensraux et particulkrs des monnaies de
France, 1867.
LA GRANGE, JEAN DE (French). Mint-engraver at Montelimar,
circ. 1547-1548.
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LAGRANGE, JEAN {French). Medallist, Gem- and Coin-engniver,
born at Lyons, on the 6''' of November 1831, Pupil of V, Vibert,
H. Flandrin, and ]. Perrault; entered the Ecole des], Beaux- Arts,
8. October 1857 ; First Grand Prix de Rome for medal-engraving,
1861 (subject : A warrior placing palm-branch on altar of Mars)
Medal of the Third Class, 1874; and of the Second Class, 1879
Knight of the Legion of Honour.
Between 1880 and 1896, Lagrange was Chief-engraver at the
Paris Mint; his issues bear fasces as distinctive mark. In his official
capacity, he was entrusted with the cutting of Coin-dies for the
igraved by Lagrauge.
French colonies and various foreign countries, as Abyssinia,
Guatelama, Tunis, &c. The first coinage of Mcnehk, Em-
peror of Abyssinia, issued at the Paris Mint in 1894, and
consisting of four pieces, the Talaro, Half, Quarter, and Eighth
Talaro, bears Lagrange's signature in full. The artist exhibited Proof
and Pattern pieces of the |, | and \ Talari at the Universal Exposi-
tion of 1900.
Amongst Lagrange's best known medaUic productions are the fol-
lowing : 1865, Commemorative medal of the Annexation of Savoy
to France ; — :867. Portrait-medallion of M. X***; — 1869. Por-
trait-medallion, Medal, and Cameo ; — Music ; — Syracuse, cameo
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in cornelian; — 1870. Agricultural Prize Medal; — 1872. Onyx
cameo; copy of an ancient coin ; — 1874. Milo ofCroton, medal; —
The Paris Law Courts, model bas-relief; — ■ 1876. Commemora-
tive medal of the New Opera; — 1877. Commemorative medal of
the Paris Law Courts ; — Medal of the Coulmiers Monument ; —
Portrait-medallion ofM. X***; — 1878. Commemorative medal of
the Paris Palais de Justice ; — A<;ricultural Prize Medal; — Prize
Medal for Music; — Prize Medal for good Draughtsmanship; —
1879, Prize Medal of the Noumea Exhibition ; ■ — Prize Medal of the
Salon ; ^ French Coinage, 1880-1896 ; — Guatemala Peso, 4 and
2 Reales, i, |, and | Real, 1893 ; also Pattern 10 Pesos and 5
Pesos; — Timisian Coinage, jV 20 and 10 Francs; JR^. 2 and
I Francs; 50 Centimes; JE 10 and 5 Centimes; — Indo-China,
JR.. Piastre, 50, 20 and 10 Cenliemes; JE. i Centi^me and
Sap^ue; — Abyssinian Coinage; — Morocco, JR. 5, 2|, i and
I Ounces, &c. ; — Commemorative medal of Francois Adrien
Boieldien (after Dantan) ; — Bust of Napoleon IIL in aquamarine,
forming the central piece of a jewel executed by Froment-Meurice
and destroyed in the Fire of the Hritel-de-Ville under the Commune
in 1871 ; — Medal representing a Sower; — The Miner; —
Drawing; — Milo of Croton, after Puget; — Annexation of Nice
and Savoy ; — Obligatory Education ; — The Paris Opera, &c.
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Several of Lagrange's works may be seen at the Luxembourg
Museum, Paris.
" La technique de M. Lagrange, qui est, lui aussi, un ancien, dit-
ftre de la maniSre large et libre de ses confreres plus jeunes; mais
n'est-il pas int^ressant de voir le vieil artiste suivre le niouvement
et, en ces derniires annfes, montrer dans une mSdaiUe repr^sen-
tant un Mineur une juv6nilit6, une souplesse qui temoignent que
son esprit alerte a suivi avec interet les recberches de la nouvelle
ecole ?" (Saunier, la MMaitle franfaise contempomine, L'Art decora-
tif, Octobre 1901, p. 34).
Lagrange, who distinguished himself also as a statuary, stands
foremost in the pieiadof French medallists, and his success is well
deserved.
Bibliography. — R. Marx, MMailhursp-artfais, 1889; — MedailUurs cantempa-
rains; — Mddailleitri modemss i TExposilion de ic/ou. — Chavignerie et Aiivray,
Dp. cit., I, p. 876. — Babelon, La Gravure en pierresfinei. — Biin^dite, Catalogue
du Mush du Luxembourg, — Art dkoratij, Octobre igoi, p. ;4. — Num. Circ,
189s, col. 1214, — Annuaire immismaligiie, 1895, p. 493. ^ Revue helge de mimis-
maligue, 1874, p. 399.
LAHAYE, DE (French). Mint-master at Paris, for Charles X.,
LA HAYE, BE (Frejich). Mint-engraver at Reims, circ. 1693-
1699.
LA HAYE, ALEXANDRE DE (French). Mint-engraver at Paris, in
succession to Claude Le May, 1545.
LA HAYE, NICOLAS DE. Fide Vol. I, under DELAHAYE.
LAILLIEB, ETIENNE (French). Mint-master at Ch41ons-sur-Marne,
circ. 1423-1425, under Henry VL of England. ThefoUowing coins
were issued at that Mint, and bear a crescent as mint-mark : M.
Salutes and Angelots (none yet found);jR. Blancsand PetitsBiancs;
billon, Deniers Tournois.
BiBuoGRAPHV. — R. Serrure, Dkliommtrl giagraplrique de I'Hulmre iiionHaire
de la Francs, Paris, 1887, p. 160. — De Saulcy, Hfstoire nmnisniatiqne de Henri V
et Henri VI, rois d'Augltterre, pendant qiCihonlrigni en France, 1878.
LAIKCETEAU, JAMET (French). Mint-engraver at Angers, appoint-
ed, 15. October 1362.
LAING, HENBY (Brit.). Born at Strathmiglo in 1741 ; died at
Edinburgh in 1S20; was in the employment of James and William
■ Tassie for over fifty years, as a Modeller of Portrait-cameos, &c.
There is a Portrait-medallion of him by William Tassie,
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LAIKG, HENRY (Bril,). Sou of the i;ist ; was born in London in
1803. At tlie age of about fourteen lie was apprenticed to William
Tassie, under whom he acquired a knowledge of drawing and
modelling, and imbibed that love for art and archaeology which
became the master passion ot his hfe. He remained some eight
years with Tassie; and then entered into partnership with Daniel
Newton Crouch, a Seal-engraver in London, whose sister he atter-
wards married. About 1829 he settled in Edinburgh as a Gem-
engraver and maker of glass seals which were then in great demand ;
and, according to a writer in 'Notes and Queries' for 25"' May
i86r, he was accustomed to supply ' block seals, as well as the
enamel casts, and, indeed, everything of the kind which Tassie
either made or sold ', He executed a few medallion-portraits in wax
froffi the life, among these, one of his wife, modelled about
1826".
H. Laing junior, who died in 1883, will perhaps best be remem-
bered as the compiler of two volumes of Ancient Scottish Seals,
1850 and 1866.
BiELiOGUAPHY. — John M. Gray, James and fVilliam Tussie, Edinburgh,
1894.
LAJONIS, CLAUDE {French). Mint-master at Mirabel-aux-Baronnies,
in conjunction with Martinet Lantasque, 1426.
LALAIWG, COMTE JACQUES DE {Belg.). Painter and Sculptor, born
at London, 4. November 1858 ; pupil of Jean Portaels, and Alfred
CluTsenaer; Officer of the Order ot Leopold, and Knight Command-
er of the Order of St. Michael and St, George of Great Britain. He
has produced some medals and plaquettes since 1904.
LALANDE, BERTRAND DE, Sieur de Gayon {French). Fermier des
Monnaies dc Navarre et Beam, 1590-1594; Mint-master at Saint-
Palais, 1589, and Pan, 1590.
BiBLioGHA?iiY. — A. Blanchet, Histoire mouitahc dti Beam.
LALANDE, CHARLES DE (French). Mint-master at Aix, 155 i.
LALANE, ARNADD or ARMAND DE (French). Mint-engraver (?) at
Nay, Bcarn, cited in 1685. He possibly may not have worked for
the Mint at all, according to Blanchet.
LALIAME, JEAN (French). Sculptor of Lyons, 1669-1673. Among
the "Mouleursde m^dailles" ot that epoch, he is one of those who
appears to have been the most patronized. He signed Lalianie.
BiBLiooRAFHY. — N. Roiidot, MMaiUeuTS de Lyou, 1897. — Rondot & De La
Tour, op. cil.
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— 275 —
LALIAME, LOUIS (French'). Sculptor, LapiJ:iry iiiid Engraver, who
exercised his profession at Lyons, cm. 1622-1654. In 1648, he was
elected "Engraver in ordinary " to the City ot Lyons.
Bibliography. — N. Rondot, op. cit. — S. Lami, Didiamiaire des Scidpiezirs.
— Rondot & De La Tour, 0/1. cii.
LALIAME, PHILIPPE or PHILIBERT. Vide LALYAME.
LALIER, JACQUES DE {French^ Mint-master at Gimbrai, clrc.
1432, who was commissioned m that year to issue gold Deniers
and Half Deniers, the so-called Anges de Cainbresis.
Bibliography. — R. Seriure, Dkt.get^. de I' bhloiremoiUtairtdcla France, 1887.
LALIQUE, RENfi {French). Artist Goldsmith and Jeweller, born at
Ay-en-Champagne (Marne); pupil of tlieEcole des Arts d^coratils;
worked first for many years as a Designer of jewellery and pr.ictical
Goldsmith for various firms; started business on hi^ own account
in 1885 and won various distinctions at English exhibitions, but .
owes liis fame partly to the patronage and encouragement of the
great French actress, M"'' Sarah Bernhard, who brought his genius
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and talent before tlie public notice, by wearing in her various roles
jewels and ornaments specially designed and executed for her by
him, " It was at the " Exposition des Arts de la Femnie' ", says a
writer in Magazine of Art, 1903, " that Lalique first revealed him-
self. Thenceforward, by his annual exhibitions at the Salon, he
forced himself upon the minds and the taste of an unsympathetic
public who at first would hardly give him fair consideration, but
whom he conquered by sheer plnck and artistic merit".-
" Lalique ", continues the same writer, ' ' is the apostle of the
latest art in one of the most ancient crafts... At the Paris Universal
Exhibition of 1900 the L.Iique exhibition was a dream of beauty
and a delight for the eye. 1 recollect spending many hours in admi-
ration, perfectly spellbound under the influence of this unexpected
triumph of colour, a triumph, indeed, of the highest art."
itdA of M""; SarLih Burnliard, by Lalique.
" Lalique differs greatly from most of his followers, since,
although an artist born, he is also a most careful craftsman. Far
from despising gems, he uses them lavishly when they suit his
scheme of colour, and he uses them, not because they are expen-
sive, but although they are expensive. Yet he will set richly a worth-
less matrix of opal, and carve a dancing girl in a piece of wood
of no intrinsic value whatever! No material is too common if it is
beautiful, none is too rich if it suits his purpose, and he knows no
limit but harmony of colour and proportion. "
Among the articles of pure jewellery design by Ren^ Lalique,
many are based on the glyptic art. " Ornament workers in all ages "
says M. Roger Marx (^Sltidlo, Vol. 15, p. 23)" have willingly
undertaken to act as medallists, in the coutse of their mission as
embellishers of materials, and as part of their task as jewellers".
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— 277 —
Indeed Lalique ranks high as a gem- engraver, for the many pretty
carvings in precious stones that adorn bis jewels, and as a Medallist,
his Portrait-medal of M™' Sarah Bernhard and others, not taking
Head ot Medusa, c.
into accotint the many medalUc Portrait Brooches and Pendants, have
made him also sufficiently well-known.
Enamelled Portrait-Plaque, forming the centre of a
(belonging to M"s Waldeck-Rousseaii),
' As an admirer of natural perfection and a delightful colourist,
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Laliqne is an acknowledged master, while every one of his works
is impregnated with marvellous taste and artistic feelln"... He will
always stand alone as the real creator and the ablest representative
ofoneof the most important artistic movements of the nineteenth
century. " (G. A. Fournier, Rene Lalique, Magazine of Art, 1903,
p. 25).
BiBuOGBAPHY. — R. MarK, Revue Encychpcdiqits, 1896, p. jOj ; 1897, p. jyi, —
Do, Studio, Oct. 1898 ; Feb. 1902. — Art ct Decoration, 1899-1905. — Revite des
Arlsddcarati/s, 1900, p. 205 sqq. — Revue del' Art ancien et moileine, igoo, p. 447.
— Marx, MMailkurs conlemporains,
LALYAME, PHILIPPE or fmilB'ERT (French). Sculptor and Medal-
list of Lyons, 1602-1622. He is the author of a fine cast Portrait-
medallion of Pierre de Monconys, which bears his signature, and
perhaps also of the following, although they are unsigned : Balthazar
de Vitlars; — Marcel Bozon; — Nicolas de Lange, etc.
By him are a bronze bust of Henry IV., and three statues ot
St. John and St. Stephen.
The artist was stlli llvin:' in 1623.
Nicolas ik Laugc.
BrBUOGHAPHY. — N, RoQilot, M^liiiUain Ipiimis. — M^zerolle, op. dt. —
Bliinchct, op. cil.
LALLEMAKD or L'ALLEMENT and LALLBMENT, CONRAD CHRISTIAN
(Genu.'). Medallist ot the first quarter of the nineteenth century;
he apparently filled the post of Mint-engraver at Frankfort-on-Main,
1807-1814, and died in 1830. His productions are variouslysigned :
L'AL; — C. C. L'AIitEM, etc. A masonic medal, with portrait of
Broenner, bears the artist's signature, L'AL on the arm.
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L'ALLEMANT (Germ.). Engraver, who in 1473 executed jetoiii
for King Rene of Anjou.
LALLEMANT or LALLEMENT, FRANgOIS (French). Se.il-.iiid Jcton-
en^raver of the second qu.irter of the sixteenth century. He is the
author of a jeCon for Martin Ruz^, councillor to the Parliament.
BiRLiOGEAPHY. — Mazerplle, Mddailhzirs frangais, 1902.
LALIiEMAND, F. (French). Engr.-iver of the eighteenth century, and
author of a medal of St.anislaus Leczinsl^y, Grand Duke of Lorraine,
King of Poland.
EiuLiOGRAPHY. — Roiidot & De la Tour, op. cii.
LAMASSON, JOSEPH JEAN JULES GERMAIN (French). Contemporary
Sculptor and Med.iUist, born at Toulouse on the 11. May 1IS72; a
pupil of Falguifere, Merci^and Alph^e Dubois. In 1902 he obtained
the second Grand Prix de Rome for medal-engraving for a medal
representing Saint Sebastian pierced with arrows.
LAMB, H. T. (Brit.). A London Die-sinker who struck a medal on
the Installation of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, as Grand Master
of Freemasons, 1875. 368 of these medals were issued.
LAMB, JOHAKN (Germ.). Mint-master to the Counts Palatine of
Veldenz (Exter II. 215).
LAMBELET, SAMUEL (Germ.). Medallist of the latter end of the
seventeenih century, and first three decades of the eighteenth, circ.
1698-1727. He was a native of Clausthal, but his family must have
originally come from Neuchatel. Previous to 1699 lie may have
worked for some time at Paris and is said to have been engaged on
the medallic series of Louis XIV., as some of his signed medalsshow,
and from 1699 to 1727 he was Med.allist to the House of Brunswick-
Liineburg. Ammon calls liim a clever Engraver, and states that his
productions are v.ariously signed : S. L. ; — S. LAUBELET; —
S. LAMBELET; — or S. LAMBELET TEC.
By him are ; Louis XIV. receives James II., 1689 ; — Action off
Beachy Head, 1 690 ; — Princess Matilda of England and the Electress
Sophia, 1701 (signed : S. LAMBELET on obv. and : S. L. on I^); —
Augustus William of Brunswick-Luneburg '^L The new Church and
residential Castle at Wolffenbiittel. 1718; — Commemorative
medals of Brunswick-Liineburg (Vollsiand. Braumchui. Lilneburg;
Miin^und Medaillen Cabinet, n"' 579, 605, 639, 895, 992, los^and
Int., p. XLvi).
BiBLlOGRArHY. — Bokenthal, op. cil. — Franks & Giueber, MeJaUk lUustra-
tioni, &CC. — Amnion, op. ctt. — Nuinophjl. Biirckhaid. P. 11, iios 2557 et 2554. ■ —
Niigler, Moiiogrammislen, 1881, Vol. V, n" 159. — Reiinmann Catalogue, II,
n° 5867.
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LAMBERT {Ffinch). Miiit-cngraver at ReimSj 1730-1749,
LAMBERT, ALBERT £lie (^French'). Contemporary Sculptor born at
Beauniont, pupil of Eug. Paal. He exhibited at the Salon of 1886
two Portrait-mcdalhons of M. Millet and M. Lambert.
LAMBERT, ALPHONSE (French). Son of Joseph Lambert, and his
successor as Director of the Rouco Mint, from 1818 to 1820. His
issues bear a Paschal Lamb as distinctive mark.
LAMBERT, ARSfiNE LOUIS MARIE {French). Contemporary Sculp-
tor, born at Carhaix (Pmistere); pupil of Guilbert. He is the author
of a number of Portrait-medallions, some of which were exhibited
at the Salons in the eighties and nineties of last century.
LAMBERT, FRAWgOIS JOSEPH, surnamed LAMBERT DE ROISIN
(Belg.). Engraver and Chaser, born at Namur, 26. June 1808, died
there, 15. September 1868. He has produced some medallic work.
LAMBERT, GUSTAVE ALEXANDRE (French). Sculptor, Gem-and
Seal-engraver, and Medallist; born at Paris; pupil of Bissinger'. He
has exhibited since 1863, at the "Salon des Artistes fran^iis", and
was rewarded with a medal at the Universal Exhibition of 1900,
'i^r
La Ronde, intaglio, by G. A. Lambevt.
Among his best known productions in the branch we are interested
in, I may mention : 1S79. Mars and Venus, intaglio in sardonyx;
— Portrait of M. X***, intaglio in sardonyx ; — Narcissus, intaglio
in cornelian ; — 1880. Antinous, cameo in sardonyx; ^ Fauu and
Bacchante,cameo in sardonyx; — ■i883.Salatnmb6,cameo; — Patro-
,,C.oo(^lc
clus, cameo; — 1883. Portrait-cjmeo of Gambetta ;■ — 1884. Three
sardonyx cameos : Achilles; — Bacchante; — Phryne; ^ 1885.
DanseguerriSrej sardonyx cameo and intaglio; — 1S90. Three sard-
onyx intaglios : Mercury ; — Centaur ; — Herakles infant ; — Les
Korybantes, sardonyx intaglio; — - 1893. Dawn, sardonyx intaglio;
— The Conscience, cameo and intagho in sardonyx; — 1895.
Hesitation; — 1896. The Adviser, sardonyx intagho; — 1897.
Credo, sardonyx intagho; — 1898. La source et le riiisseau, cameo;
— 1899. Eugene Guillaume; — Le Livre, sard, intaglio; — ■ 1898.
La Source et le Ruisseau, intagho (acquired by the State); — 1900.
LaRonde, intaglio in sardonyx (illustrated); — Two Dancing Girls;
-- 1901. Portrait of M^^Agry, intaglio in sardonyx; — 1903. Three
Portrait-intaglios; Portrait-plaquette, bronze; &c.
At diiferent times, this artist has also produced : War Dance ; —
The Bather; — The Adviser; — The Dawn; — Credo; — The
Book; — Venus Astarte; — Portrait of Eugene Guillaume, sculptor,
member of the French Academy, and Director of the Ecolede Rome;
— Portrait of Marquis de Chennevieres, " ex. Director of Fine- Art ",
Paris; — 1904. The First-born, or Amour maternel, intaglio in
sardonyx ; — La Danse, &c.
"M.G.Lambert", writes M. Babelon, "quichaqueannee,depuis
1S79, expose des pierres gravees en creux est, avec M. Lechevrel,
nn de nos rares artistes qui maintiennent Fintaille au-dessus de la
gravure des sceaux h^raldiques. II nous a donne dans ce genre un
certain nombre d'ceuvres a un dessin souple et gracieux, qui sont
presentement pour la plupart, an Musie Galliera ; on lui doit aussi
d'excellents portraits. L'ceuvreimportante qu'il a expos^e au Salon,
cette ann^e (1902) est une Ronde d'enfants sur une cornaline de
grandes dimensions, oii I'on retrouve les memes qualit^s de grace
spirituelle, d'harmonie et de souplesse Elegante, " (Revue de. I'Art,
1902, II, 27).
Lambert was awarded the Order of the Lion and Sun by the
Shah of Persia.
Bibliography. — Catalogue of the Paris Sabns. ^- Chavtgnerie et Aiivray, cp^
cit. — Jtjormaiion kindly iupplied by !he artist.
LAMBERT, HEINRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Deutz, circ. 1608-
1616. His initials H. L. occur on his issues; also his monogram H.
LAMBEBT, JEAN DE (French). Mint-master-general to King Jean
le Bon (i^)
LAMBERT, JOSEPH (French). Director ot the Rouen Mint, from
year IV of the First Republic to 1817. His distinctive marks were :
from an IV to an XI, a vase; from anXll to 1817 a PaschaiLamb.
His son succeeded him in 1817.
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LAMBERT, PIERRE (French). GoUsmiili and Engraver of Jetoiis nt
Tours, cifc. 1466-1471.
LAMBERTDEROISIN (Beig.). Die-sliikur of Brussels, born on
24 June 1808, who in 1847 submitted to the Belgian Monetary
Commission a Pattern Five-Franc piece witli bust of Leopold I. By
him are also various commemorative medals : The Cholera Visiia-
tion at Naniur, 1849 (2 var. ; one in Boston Coll"); — Francois
Gerard Pirson, 1848; — Provincial Exhibition of Namur, 1849
(sev, var.); — Francois Joseph Cornet, 1852 ; — To H. J. B. van
de Resse, in commemoration of his services during the Cholera
Epidemics at Namur, 1S49, &c.
LAMBERT, NICOLAS {French). Die-sinker of tlie first half of the
nineteenth century. In fl« XI ( 1 bo2) he took part in the competition
for a new coinage, and submitted patterns for the Pive-Franc piece
(one illusirated), which however were not accepted. He also engraved
some medals : Masonic medal ot the Lodge of Perfect Uniiin of
Perseverance, Paris, 1813 ; &c. He also engraved gems; his signa-
ture occurs on an intaglio representing the portrait of a Musician
crow^ned with laurel and holding a lyre.
Bibliography. — H. Denise, Lecoiicmirs de VAii X[, Gaz. num. Iran?., 1902,
pi, XI. —Marvin, Masonic Mednh, 1880.
LAMI, ALPHONSE {French). Sculptor, born at Paris, 2. June 1B22 ;
died at Alexandria in 1867. By him are several Portrait-medallions,
cast in bronze.
LAMI, STANISLAS (French). Sculptor and Writer, born at Paris,
30. November 1855. Since 1882 he has been a regular exhibitor at
the annual Salons of the Soci^tg des Artistes frangais. Beside
numerous works of sculpture, statues, groups, busts, he has also
executed some very fine Portrait-medallions.
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Lami is the author of two standard works : Diclionnaire des Sculp-
teurs de I'anliguite jusqu'aii VI' sUcle de notre ire, 18S4, and Diclion-
naire des Sculpteurs de I'Ecole fratiQaise du nmym Age au rigiie de
Louis XIV, 1S98.
This artist has taken prizes at various exhibitions in France and
abroad : Munich (Gold medal, 1892), Chic^igo (1893), Brussels
(1897), St. Petersburg, London, &c.
Bibliography. — Dictionimre iet ConUmporains.
LAMPHEAR, W. K. (Amer.'). Contemporary Die-sinker and Manu-
facturer of metallic cards of Cincinnati (Ohio). By him are Masonic
jetons, advertising tokens, American Masonic Store cards, tickets,
dental tokens, &c., some of which are described in Marvin, Masonic
medals, p. 271.
LAMPAGE, FALCO DE (7to/.). A native of Pistoja, and the iirst Mint-
master of Antwerp, whose name is on record. He issued Ecus d'or
known as Fi/mcori i'cii/rf^ of John III., 1312-1355.
LAMPRECHT {Gerni.). Mint-master to the Count Palatine Ludwig
of Veldenz at Niederolm(Olme), 1464-1467.
BiBLiOGHAPHY, — J. V. Ku!l, RrpMorwm jtir Mimxhimh Bayeriis, II, igo;.
LAMPUGNANO, BELTRAMOLA DA (/;(7/.). Mint-engraver at A-Iilan,
in the fourteenth century.
LAMDNIErE, JOHM (Swiss). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
residing at Geneva. He has collaborated in some of the recent
medals issued at Geneva, and is a partner in the die-sinking worts
of J. Lamunifere & H. Schoenenberger at Vcrsoix. His signature
occurs on the following pieces : Badge of the Genevese section of
the Swiss Society of Federal Officials, 1902; — Advertisement
Plaquette of the Die-sinking works of J. Laniuni^re & Schoenenber-
ger at Versoix, 1902 ; — ■ Tir de I'Escalade, 1902; ^Third Centen-
ary of the Escalade of Geneva by the Savoyards in 1602, etc.
M. Stroehlin calls Lamuniere a young man with a great future.
Bibliography. — Revue siiiisede niimiimat!qui,'Xl. — Palrie siime, 1902, p. 297.
LAMY, GUILLADME (French). Mint-engraver in Beam, circ. 1577-
1610. He may have been a son of Pierre Lamy, vi-ho was Mint-
engraver at Aix in 1560. The first mention made of him is dated
1577 and records a payment of 802 hvres for ten rings mounted
with diamonds, rubies and opals. About 1581 he was Mint-assayer
at Morlaas. In the same year he married the widow of JSr6meLenor-
mant, who was Mint-engraver at Pan from 1572 to 1580. In 1582,
Lamy issued at Morlaas pieces of Twenty Sols, Liards, and Baqnettes,
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which bear his distinctive mark; in 1583, Liards. He then became
Mint-master at Pau and issued there Twenty Sol pieces in 1584 and
1585. Until 1590, he remained Mint-master at Morkas, coupling
this office with that of Engraver of the coins of Morlaas and Pau.
Circ. 1591, Lamy is styled Goldsmith to the King and Engraver of
the coins of Beam, and again in 1604 and 1609. 1599-1604, as
Mint-master at Bayonne, he issued there also Quarter and Half Ecus.
M. Blanchet thinks he probably died in 1610, when he must have
been about sixty years old.
Bibliography. — I. A. Blanchet, Les Gravetirs en Beam, Dax, 1888. — Do,
Hisloiremonclaire du Beam, 1893. — N. Rondoiet H. dela Tour, o;i. «7.
LAMY, JEAN (French). Second son of Guillaume Lamy; Mint-
engraver at Morlaas, from 1613 to about 1637.
LAMY, JEAM (^French). Mint-engraver at Aix, circ. 15 72- 1578; he
was accused of counterfeiting and fled.
LAMY, PIERRE {French). Mint-engraver at Aix, circ. 1551-1566.
LAMT, RICHARD (French). Another son of Guillaume Lamy;
Goldsmith, and from 1607 to 1652, Mint-engraver at Pau. He
probably died in 1653.
BiBLioGRAPHV, — J. A. Blanchet, op. cil.
LAMYER, HUGTJES(Frmc/;). Mint-master at Toulouse, 1 529-1 540.
LANCE (French). APortrait-medalofVincent, Count Plccolomini,
1843, is thus signed.
LANCELOT, EU&£ne BABRIEL {French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Paris; pupil of his father, Camiile PauHn Lancelot, and
Legrain, Ponscarme, &c. At the Salon of 1884 he exhibited a
Portrait-medallion in bronze of M"^ Marcelle Lancelot; — 1887.
Mon sergentde section; — Portrait de M^'H***.
LANCELOT, GAMILLE PADLIN (Frmci). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, residing at Paris. He modelled the ]^ of a Portrait-medal
of Beethoven, edited by Bescher in 1899, and previously : 1883.
Portrait-medal of Gambetta ; — 1884. L'Anatomie en fami lie, bronze
medallion; — 1885. Daphnis and Chloe; — Two Port rait- medal-
lions of Ladies; — 1887. M. & M™'^ £)***. — 1892. Two Portrait-
plaquettes, &c.
LANCELOT-CROCE, M™'^ MARCELLE REN£E (Ital.). Contemporary
Sculptor and Medallist; daughter of the sculptor, Emile Lancelot;
was Dorn at Paris, and married the Italian sculptor, Signer Croce;
f'upil of her fother, Eugene Delaplanche, Chaplain and Ponscarme.
n 1889, she obtained a medal of the Third class and a " Bourse de
./Google
-28s -
voyage", the first ever granted to a lady-artist ; in 1892, a medal of
the second class-
Before her marriage, M"' Lancelot already attracted notice as a
Medallist, and since 1878, when she was only fifteen years old, she
has been a regular exhibitor at the annual Paris Salons. Chavignerie
et Auvray give a list of lier exhibits between 187S and 1882 : 1878.
Portrait-medallions of M. V***. and his grandson ; — M. G. L.*** ;
— M'" J. L.***; — M. D. L.***; — Prince H. de L.*** ; — 1879.
G^rard-Seguin, painter ; — C. L.***; — L. et J. Outhwaite; —
Study; — 1880. Studies and Portrait-medallions; — r886. Portrait-
medallions (4), &c. ; — 1883. Portrait of M. Francais; — Fra
Filippo Lippi and Lucvezia Buti, reUef ; — 1886. Portrait-medallion
(if M. D. L.***; — 1887. Raphael at the age of 15, medallion; —
1888. Music; — 1891. M"= C. p.***;— M"^ M. L.***; — H. H.
of M"« Laticdot-Croce.
Leo Xlil.; —1892. Prof. Pinard; ~- G. L.**. ; ~ L. Fran:ais,
medal; — 1894. Woman and her destiny; — 1897. Model for a
necklace with portraits of popular French women ; — Commemora-
tive medal of the Marriage of the Prince of Naples with Princess
Helene of Montenegro; — Commemorative medal of the Reunion
of Rome to Italy ; — The Arms of the House of Savoy ; — Portraits
of King Umberto and Q_iieen Margherita; — Prince Galitzln ; —
M™ la Comtesse de Vogue; — Lord Ronald Gowcr; — Black-
ington ; — 1893- Medal of the International Rifle Meeting of
Turin; —Queen Margherita, &c.
After residing for some time at Rome, M™^ Lancelot Croce's
address is given in the last Catalogue of the Salon (1905) atEpernay
(Marne) wherefrom she sent her recent exhibits. Among her latest
produaions are : Portrait of M. Goubauld; — Hunting; —
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— 2;^6 —
M. Gaston Chandon; — Portrait- pliiquette of BaccelU; — The
Duke of the Abbruzzi; — International Rifle Meeting a c Rome,
1902; —Woman and her Destiny ; — The Family; — La Cham-
pagne; — Portrait of King Umberto I.; — Joan of Arc; —
Ste Clotilde; — Ste Genevieve; ■ — Memorial medal of King
Umberto I.; — ItaUan patriotic Societies; — Queen Margherita
of Italy Xoval plaque); — 2j"' Anniversary ot the Kingdom ot
r-^p"- .*w^ J^ & ■
-^:rm
y
ledallion of the Dowiiger Qliccii Miirglit
a of Ilaly.
Italy; obv. Busts of Victor Emanuel I. and Umberto I.;- — -Exhi-
bition at Rome, 1900; — Pope Leo XIII., rgoo; — Alessandro
Galli, 18519; — Louis Fran^ais, ijor; — Volta, Prize Medal of
the Ministry of Posts and Telegraphs;— Lord Ronald Sutherland
Govi-er, 1896 ; — Medal of the Italian Board of Admiralty; — King
Umberto I. ; — Queen Margherita (illustrated'); — Necklace of
Portrait-medallions of celebrated French women, &c.
,/ Google
— 287 —
At the Salon of 1904, this artist exhibited a frame coiitaining
medals in gilt and plated bronze.
The Paris Mint struck in June 1904 a gold medal, which was
offeredbythe j'^BataUionof Bersaglieri to King Victor Emmanuel III,
in commemoration of the anniversary of the creation of the Bersa-
glieri.
Her commemorative medal of President Loubet's Visit to the Italian
Sovereigns is one of her best, and she recently executed a very pretty
pendant jewel on the occasion of the Christening of the Prince of
Piedmont, with his portrait,
" M"' Lancelot-Croce", says a writer in Art, " dont la beaut^
brille an plus haut degr^ par le caractSre, cette quality supreme qui
est prdcis^ment i' essence nafeme de son talent, M'"= Lancelot-Croce
possede le don de I'invention dans des conditions extrfimement
^quilibr^es. Ce qu'elle vent exprimer Test toujours d'autaot mieux
que chacune de ses creations est exempie de tout exces. Ricn de
trop; pas la moindre surcharge. Tout est dit, niais tout Test avec
mesure et vous n'en appr^ciez que mieux I'extrSme saveur de ce
talent qu'il faut ranger parmi ct;iix qui sont incontestablemeut hors
de pair. L' execution marche, chez elle, constamment de pair avec la
penste; cette main delicate salt imprimer a sa facture des accents
virils qui lui donnent une originalite de plus ".
M. B^nMlte, Keeper of the Luxembourg Museum, says : " Lcs
medailles de M"" Lancelot-Croce sont d'un art facile et hatif; 00
les dirait improvis^es. "
A number of this artist's medals are reproduced in Marx's
MedaiUeurs Contemporains, PI. 28 and various Art magazines.
BiBLiOGSAPHY. — Paul Leroy, VArt, 1894, p. 54. — L. BenMite, Art el Ueco-
ralioii, 1899. — Aiidri Hallays, La Rsvmile I'Arl, juillet 1900. — Cataiogtus du
Salon, 1900-1904. — R. Marx, MedaiUeurs Jraagais, 18P9. — Id., MedaiUeurs Con-
temporains. — Studio. XXU, p. ajv — Chavlgiierie et Auvray, o/i. cil. — J, Dom-
pierre de ChaufepiS, Mddailles et Plaqudles moderties, II, 1^0^. — Revue francaise de
nninismatiqm, 1902, p. 140.
UnCRE, DE (Smss). Seal-engraver at Paris, early part of the
eighteenth century. He was Professoratthe Academy, and introduced
Hedlinger to De Launay, Director of the Paris Medal Mint, 1717.
LAMDE. Vide BERTRAKD DE LALANDE SUprd.
LANDENY, JEHAN (Fz-OTc/j). Mint-master at Angers, 1486-1510;
distinctive mark, after 1491, an A at the end of the obv. legend.
HiBLiOGRAPHY.^E, Faivre, Elat acliid dei ateliers moisiHaires fraiifuis el de leitrs
diffirenis, Paris, 1894.
LANDER (^Swiss). Genevese Die-sinker of the second quarter of the
Hosted by Google
nineteenth century. He is known by a Portrait-medal of J. B.Kiiu-
pert, Swiss composer and orchestral director, 1833.
Bibliography. — Notice siir Jean-Bernard Katipert faile sur la demaiuled'iiit mimis-
iimte pcurservir Aexpliquerlamidailkfrappii par la viUe de Gmlme en jS8}. NyoQ,
1B79.
LANDERER (Swiss). Designer of the commemorative Thaler of
the Federal Rifle Meeting at Basle, 1879, engraved by Durnssel.
LANDES, RICHARD DES (French). Goldsmith and Mint-engraver at
Tours, i6i3-"l' 1653. "^^ signed R. de landes and R. dex landes.
LANDEVY, JEHANDE (French). Mint-master at Angers, 1486-1510.
LANDI, DOMENICO (Ital.). Gem-engraver of Lucca, who was
■working at Rome in the early part of the eighteenth century. In
1716 he cut a bust of Augustus in chalcedony, which had been
ordered of him by the Marquis di Fuentes, Portuguese ambassador
to the Pope. In 1720, he executed a portrait of N. Duodo, the
Venetian envoy, on an emerald. By him are also two fine gems, of
larger dimensions than ring-stones, and presenting portraits of
Trajan, Plotina, Maridia and Marciana, feeing each other; and the
other of Septimius Severus, Julia Domna, Caracalla and Geta. His
signature appears further on the following gems : Heads of Socrates,
and his disciple Plato ; — Head of Livia, onyx; — Commodus and
Crispina, cornelian, &c.
Vettori calls Landi " one of the most famous artists at present
in Rome",
Bibliography. —King, Antique Gems, i860, 1872. — Babdon, La Grnvure en
Weirej^ws, Paris, 1894. — Raspe, TajJiVj Gems, 1791. — Mariette, 0^. «V. —
Vetton, Dissert, glyptogr.
LANDRY, AMI JEAN JACQUES (Siuiss). Watch-case-engraver and
Medalliit, born at Le Locle (canton Neuchfltel), 9. July 1800, died
in March 1856. He was the first to introduce the press to stamp
watch-cases in the watch-manufacturing district of Switi^erland. His
press soon obtained fame, and it was used in 1S35 by John and
Marc Louis Bovy to strike Antoine Bovy's large Medal of Calvin
which on account of the high relief required a powerful press.
As a Medallist, he has produced : Commemorative medal award-
ed to J. J. Huguenin for his services to the State, 1830 ; — Third
Centenary of the Reformation at Neuch?ttel, with bust of William
Farel, 1830; — Medal presented by the Legislative Council of Neu-
chitel to General von Pfuel, Prussian Royal Commissioner, 183 1,
etc.
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— 289 —
The Medallist, M. Fritz Landry, is Ami Landry's nephew.
> General von I'i'iiel by the;
Bibliography. — A. Bachelin, Ain.i-]ean-]acqiies Landry, Mitsee ncucliStcIois,
18S2, p, 64.
LANDRY, FRANgOIS {French). Sculptor of the sixteenth century,
born at Salins (Jura), who worked for the Granvellas and executed
in 1540 for their Besancon Gallery a series of 24 Portrait-medallions
(two of which still exist), representing the twelve Caesars and
other historical celebrities.
Bibliography. — S.Lamy, Dicliotmaiicdes SculpUms !kc.
LANDKY, FRITZ (Stotss). Painter, Sculptor, Medallist, and Pro-
fessor of Drawing at Neuchitel (Switzerland), Born at Le Lode in
1842, his childhood was spent amid surroundings which could not
fail to impress his mind with love for art. His father and other
members of his family were all watch-case engravers, and from his
early youth he was accustomed to use the graving tool. His first
laurels were won at the Academie des Beaux-Arts of Geneva. In
Paris he studied under the celebrated medallist Antoine Bovy, and
afterwards he vLsited Italy, where the taste for sculpture developed
itself in him almost to a passion in studying the works of the
Renaissance masters. On his return to his native country, M. Lan-
dry determined not to imitate, but to create, and to be himself in
his own works.
This artist's medallic productions are of real merit. His Portrait-
pieces of Agassiz, the great naturaUst, and Fritz Berthoud, the
distinguished novelist (illustrated) are treated, according to the
personality, either in very bold or low velief. The gifted writer's
L. Fmr^o. ~ mo^mplkal Nolka of MidMhh. — III. T9
./Google
characteristic he.id, his picturesqiie costume and headdress, remind
one of the Florentine types of the Renaissance. Agassiz's head is
that of the savant ; the lofty forehead denotes the thinker ; the look
is that of the keen observer of nature ; great kindness and nobility
of feelings are revealed by the delineation of the mouth and chin.
But to my mind, the artist's Portrait-plaquette of Louis Favre,
the life-long professor of literature and spirituel novelist of Neu-
chate!, is a still greater success. Treated somewhat in the manner
Pott rail- Hi edal of Frilz Herihouil.
of the Viennese school, this portrait is excellent in every respect,
and betrays the long personal acquaintance of the artist with the
brilliant and profound scholar, and genial author of the Nouvelles
neucMteloises. M. Landry has surpassed himself. The likness is life-
like, full of expression. As a former pupil of M. Favre, I can speak
for the accuracy of the physiognomy and wonderful rendering of
moral traits which are so characteristic in this plaquette.
M. Landry is the designer ot the latest Swiss gold coinage, which
forms a new departure in the art of coinage. Helvetia is represented
with the features of a Swiss maiden, portrayed from nature; in
the freshness and energy of her expression, she symbolises a vigor-
ous, valiant, and industrious nation ; her eyes, full of hope,
contemplate with pride the lofty summits which have witnessed six
centuries of freedom and progress; a true daughter of the Alps,
she wears a necklet of edelweiss, which adds grace and charm to
the picture.
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- 291 —
Another charming plaquette by Liindry " SicfngitTempus" show.s
the good taste of the artist and allows comparison with the best
productions of the French school, without sharing in some of the
defects of Charpentier and his imitators.
Port rait-pla quelle of M. Louis Favre.
Beside these, the Neuchitcl sculptor has executed many other
medals : Louise Ad^le, Portrait-plaquette; — Alfred Bovet, Portrait-
plaquette; — Edouard Desor, 1811-1883; — Young Girl nursing
piece by Lindr\
a doll in her arms; — A. M. Piaget; — TheNeuchatel Free Church,
1877; ~- Caisse de famille Meuron ; — Award Medal oi the
Republic of Neuchatel ; — The Bourbaki Army Corps interned in
Switzerland, 187 1 ; — Cantonal Rifle Meeting of Zurich at AlbisgutU,
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Zurich ; — The Aqueck
tural Prize Medal, i86]
— Federal Rifle Meetin'
— Federa h t of G3
— 292 —
:t of Boudry, 1867; — Neuchatel Agricul-
; — Choral Festival at Le Lock, 1861 ;
It Chiux-de- Foods 5 Franc friece 1S63;
s s at Ne 1 e S62 — Inaut, r on
Pattern 5 Fian^ piuce (not yet issued), by Landry,
of the Neuchatel Water-works 1857 ; — ■ Centenary of Montniirail
Pensionnat, 1866; — Inauguration of the Municipal College at
NeuchStel, 1868; — Restoration of the Collegiale at Neuchatel,
-Federal Choral Festival at Neuchatel, 1870; — Federal
Rifle Meeting at Zurich, 1873, 5 Franc piece; — Federal Choral
Festival at Colombier, 1874 ; — Inauguration of the statue of
William Farel at Neuchatel, 1875 ! "" ]■ F- Osterwald; — David de
loBtsdo/Googlc
— 293 —
Purry (2 vai'.) ; — F. A. de Chambrier; — - D^Qiel Jeauricliard; —
A. Desor, &c.
The best shots at Swiss federal or ciintonal shooting festivals
always receive, beside the cups of honour and other prizes, official
medals. These had hitherto been, from an artistic point of view,
of very commonplace designs — a female holding a carbine, an
old Swisswarrior with his arquebuse, William Tell about to shoot
the apple off the head of his son, &c. In the medal commemorating
the 1898 Federal Tir of NeuchStel, M. Landry has departed
from the old routine, and thus marked a new and thoroughly
modern idea ot commemorating and representing a great national
fSte. Not less than the new twenty-franc piece, this work has been
the object of sharp criticism and vigorous attacks, which, however,
have not had the eff"ect of discouraging the artist. His production
is original in its conception and a great achievement as regards the
execution. On the obverse, we find a group of marksmen, civilians,
and soldiers, and a realistic representation of the Swiss shooting
stands of the nineteenth century, whh the modern arms, the
different types of riflemen, etc. — in a word, a picture of the Swiss
people at its great national festival. This is certainly more worthy
of being preserved as an historic record than the repetition of well-
known emblems and mottoes. The reverse, with the armorial
shield of Neuchatel, heraldic eagle, flags, and in the backgrounds
view of the castle and mountains behind, has a most picturesque
and charming effect.
M. Landry deserves high praise for his untiring efforts to improve
the style of medallic art; surely his best reward for years of patient
and persevering labour must be the honour of having signed the
coinage of his native country, and handed down to future genera-
tions for their contemplation truly Swiss productions of high artistic
merit.
Bibliography. — L. Fotrer, A Swiss Medallist : M. F. Landry, Studio, XVII,
- °- Bulletin & Rewie siiisse de mimismattque, 1882-1904, — Tobkr-Meyer,
Catali^ae of the Swiss Coins in the South Kensington Museum. — Dr. H .
de Dompierre de Chaufepii, Les Midailies et Plaquettes modemss, 1903. —
Information kindly Jurnished by the artist.
IJLNDRT, DLTSSE(5im"w). Watch-case Etigraver of the second half
of the nineteenth century. Father of the Medallist Fritz Landry of
NeucLltel. His share in medallic work is only indirect, as I do not
know of any medal engraved by him, although I have seen it stated
in Sale Catalogues that the medal commemorating, the Internment
of 80,000 French soldiers in Switzerland, 1871, was by him.
LANE, WILLIAM (Brit.'). Gem-engraver of the end of the eigh-
teenth century, by whom are the following gems, usually signed :
W, L. or LANEF. : Head of Medusa, carnelian; — Calliope leaning
r
„Googlc
upon a rock, carneliaii ; — Head of Sappho, carnelian ; — The
Character of Zingara of the Chevalier Bernini, &c.
LANfiRY, AOGDSTE {French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Lyons ; pupil of M . Fabisch . He is the autlior of numerous Portrait-
medallions.
LANFRANCHI, ANGEIO (French). Sculptor of the second half of the
nineteenth century, born at Ajaccio; pupil of Toussaint and Barre.
His signature A. LAKFRANCHI ?"■ PARIS 1863 occurs on a large
Portrait-medallion in bronze, cast, of Laffitie (?), which M, Florange,
of Paris, has kindly brought to my notice. In the sixties, Lanfranchi
was a frequent exhibitor at the Salon.
LANFRANCO, PAOLO and LAZZARO (Ilal.). MinVengravers at Milan,
in the fourteenth century.
LANG (Ame}-.). A partner in the firm of Knox and Lang, at
Worcester, about the time of the breaking out of the U. S. A. Civil
War. He signed a medal struck in memory of Governor John Davis.
BiBLiOGRAPdY. — S. A, Green, A medal in memory of Gov. John Davis, Amer.
Joiirn. of Num.. 1895.
LANG, ARNOLD (Gen«.). Nuremberg Seal-engraver, 1555. There
is a Portrait-medal of him, by the artist S. P. (illustratea).
Port rait- medal of Arnold Lang.
LANG, FRANZ XAVER (Austr.). Assistant Mint-engraver at Vienna,
1S35-1837. He was probably a relative of J. N. Lang, and perhaps
his son. By him are also several medals : Josef Franz, Baron von
Jacquin, on his death, 1839; — Medal ot Prince August Longin
von Lobkowicz, 1840; — Alois Joseph Baron von Schrenk und
Notzing, 1838, &c.
LANG, FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Mosbach (Palatinate),
in 1466, and at Tiibingen, 1472. He was a native of Nuremberg.
Bibliography, — Kull, op. cif., I (499), II (710). — Binder, op. at,, 40.
ogle
LANG, HEINRICH GOTTLOB (Gervi.). Her;ildic, ^nd Seal-engraver
at Augsburg, circ. 1750.
LANG, JOSEPH NIKOLAUS (Austr.). Medallist and Mint-engraver
at Vienna, born atlnsbruck in 1776, died at Vienna, 20. May 1835.
He was a son and pupil ot Thomas Lang, and was first employed
at the mint of Hall in Tyrol, then as Assistant-engraver at the Vienna
mint, 1815-1827. On January 30, 1828, he was promoted to the
post of Director of the Vienna "Graveuraka-demie", and remained
in office until his death.
Joseph Lang was a very capable Engraver, and among his best
productions I may mention : Prague University ; — Battle of Leipzig,
1813 ; — Battle of Waterloo, 181 5; — ^ Marriage of the Archduchess
Leopoldine with Dom Pedro, Emperor of Braf;il, ; — Anton
■ ■ J. ■
Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Modena.
Victor, Archduke of Austria, 1833; — Archduke Francis IV. of
Modena, n, d.; — Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Modena, n. d.
{illustrated) ; — Archduke Karl Ambros, son of Ferdinand of
Modena, 1809 ; — Foundation of the Ossolinski Library at Lemberg,
1817; — Heinrich Friedrich Fiiger, Viennese painter, 1751-1818 ;
dated 1819; — Prize Medal of the Styrian Agricultural Society;
1829; ^Inauguration of Presburg Hospital, 1830 ; — School Prize
Medal, with bust of the Emperor Francis L ; — Centenary of the canon-
ization of Johannis von Nepomuk, 1829 ; — Alois Joseph Baron
von Schrenk und Notzing, 1838 (given by Fiala to Josef Lang, but
should probably be attributed to Franz Lang); — Alexander von
Rudna, Inauguration of a new Church at Gran, 1820; — Enthron-
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i^ation Medal of Aloys Joseph, Count Kolownic-Krakowsky, as
Prince-Archbishop of Prague, 1831; — Enthronizacion Medal of
Leopold Maximilian, Count Firmian, as Prince-Archbishop of
Vienna, 1832; — School Prize Medal of Teschen, 1803; —
Baron D' A. J. von Stifft, Vienna, 1826; — Recovery of the
Empi^ror Francis II., 1826; — Third Jubilee of the Reformation
in Austria, 1817; ■ — The Mineral springs of Baden in Austria,
1820; ^Beethoven, 1827; — Niccolo Paganhii, rSaS; —
Rudolph, Count Wrbna, 1823 ; — D'^ Ernst August Kupfer, 1831 ;
— Leopold ina Carolina, Archduchess of Austria, 1817; — Joseph
Max, Count Ossolinsid, 1817 ; — Leopoldina Charlotte Josephs,
Archduchess of Austria, 1S17, &c.
Between 1815 and 1S35, a great many of the dies ot coins struck
at the Vienna Mint were cut by Lang. Matrices and puncheons for
Hungarian Gulden and Twenty Kreuizer pieces, 1830, bearing
Lang's signature are preserved at the Vienna Mint Museum.
On his medals, Lang signed indifferently J. LANG P.; — JOS.
LANG F. i — LANG; — J. L. ; — JOSEF LANG P.
Bibliography. — Bolzenlhal, ofi. cit, — Domanig, Portriiiniedailleii &c. —
Fiala, Beschrmbung der Sammlung Bihmhcher MM^en tmd MedailUn des Max Done-
hmier. — Kaialog der Miin^eN-awJ Medaillrii'StempelSamiiilung des K. K. Haupi-
munt^amits in Wien. — Ad. Hess Nachf., RHmmana Catalogue.
LANG, J. W. (fierm.^. A Dundee Penny Token of 1798, executed
by Peter Kempson, and representing Viscount Duncan on obv.,
Adam and Eve in the garden of Eden on ^L. has in exergue of ^L
the signature : J. W. L. DBS (J. W, LANG).
LANG, PAUL (^Austr.). Medallist of the third quarter ot the nine-
teenth century, who resided at Vienna. There is a medal by him
of Josef Baron von Hammer-Purgstall, the Orientalist, 1774-1856,
dated 1847 (?).
LANG, THOMAS (Ausir.). Medallist 01 the second half of the
eighteenth century. Mint-engraver at Hall in Tyrol, before 1800,
and father of Joseph Nikolaus Lang. I have found no record ol any
of his works.
Bibliography. — Bobemlial op. cit.
LANGA, COUNT JOHANN VON {Dulch.). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist of Hamburg, bywhom there are Port rait- medals ofPrince
Bismarck (Portugaloser, 1895, ^'^'^ Inauguration of his Monument at
Friedrichsruh, 1903), Isuspecl him to be the same person who held
the post of Mint-engraver at Calcutta, from 1884 to 1886, and again
from 1887 to 1889.
LANGBEIN, HANS GEORG (Germ.). Mint-master at Mayence, 1691-
1692. His initials I. G. L. occur on his issues.
./Google
LANGE, F. DE (Dulcb). Contemporary Die-sinker of Alkmnar. In
1872 he engraved a commemorative medal ot the third centenary
of Prince Wilham of Orange, 1572-1872.
LANGE, GUGLIELMO (French). Sculptor of the second Iialf of the
nineteenth century, born at Toulon, 14. August 1839; pupil ot
Jouffroy and Cordouan. Chavignerie et Auvray give the following
Portrait-medallions by this artist : 1864, Portrait of M. C*** ; —
1865. Portraitof M.P. F***;— 186S, Portrait of M. A. G*", &c.
LANGE, J. (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Moscow, 1718-1719, accord-
ing to Schlickeysen-Fallmann, His productions are said to be
signed I. L. A medal of Beethoven, the celebrated musician, is
signed J. LANGE, and dated 1827.
LANGE, KARL. Fiala erroneously gives to a Medallist of that name
two medals, signed C. LANGE, commemorating the Marriage of the
Emperor Francis Joseph I, and Princess Elizabeth of Bavaria, 1854,
and Birth of the Archduchess Sophia, 1857, Both these medals
are by KONRAD LANGE (q. v.).
LANGE, KONRAB (Austr.). Medallist and Mint-engraver at Vienna;
died in 1856. From 1843 until his death he filled the post of Assist-
ant-engraver at the Vienna Mint, and was employed in cutting dies
for the Austrian coinage, under Joh. Bapt. Wiirth, and often in
coUaboratioti with Franz Gaul, Franz Zeichner, and other artists.
As a Medallist, his work deserves praise for the careful modelling
of portraits and the great assurance with which he treated his subjects.
Among Lange's productions are : Inauguration of a Monument
to Emperor Francis I. on the Burgplatz, 1846 (signed :
K, LANGE) ; — Jubilee of Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary,
1846; — Medals for Valour in the field, 1848-1849; — Baron Franz
von Jacquin, naturalist, 1839 (signed : KONR. LANGE); — Medal
for Civil Merit, 1849; — Maximilian, Baron von Lerchenfeld; —
Franz Anton Count von Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky, 1842; — Moritz
Count von Dietrichstein-Proskau-Lesbic, 1846; ■ — Franz Liszt,
composer, 1846; — Anton Baron von Prokesch-Osten, 1846; —
Jubilee of Patriarch Johann Ladislaw Pyrker, 1847; — Rudolf,
Count Czernin von Chudenitz, 1847; — Archduke Stephen,
Palatine of Hungary, 1847; — Archduke John, Administrator of
the Empire, at the Frankfort Diet, 1848; — Abdication of Empe-
ror Ferdinand I., 1848;- — - Josef Baron von Jellachich, 1848; —
Ferdinand I., 1848; — J. Wiirth, Chief-engraver at the Vienna
Mint; — D' Franz Wirer von Retteiibach, 1771-1844, dated 1843;
— Count Vincent Piccolomini of Aragon, 1853; — Anniversary
medal of Salomon Meier, Baron Rothschild, 1844; — Franz V., Duke
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of Modena, 1819-1875 ; — Fidelity of the Army to the Emperor
Francis Joseph I., 1859 ; — Marriage of the Emperor witli Princess
Elizabeth of Bavaria, 1854; — ■ Birth of tlie Archduchess Sophie,
1857 (signed : C. LANGE); — Obv. of Four Ducat pieces, 1857,
185 8 and 1859 (^byF. Gaiil); — Viennese " Raths-and Salvator-
Pfennige " ; — Medal for valour in the field, executed at Olmiitz,
1849; — 10"' Meeting of the German Society of Agriculture and
Sylviculture, at Gratz, 1846; — Accession of Francis Joseph I.,
1848; ~ The so-called " Fahnen-Medaille", i848(:^byF. Zeich-
ner) ; — Victory of Novara, 23 . March 1849 ; — ■ Clemens Wenzel
Lothar, Prince Metternich, 1841 (signed : CONR. LANGE) ; — Arch-
duke Joseph, son of the Emperor Leopold II. , 1 776-1 847 (illustrated) ;
— Wilhelm HaJdinger, 1856; — 70"' Anniversary of Salomon
Archduke Joseph of Austria, by K. Lange.
Mayer von Rothschild, 1844; — Foundation of the German Fleet,
1848 ; — Prince Aug. Long, de Lobkowitz (1840); — Joseph Frei-
herr Jellacic von Buzini; — Victory of Novara, 1854; — Building
of the Arsenal at Vienna, 1855, etc.
In 1845, Lange was entrusted vi'ith the cutting of dies for a new
Greek coinage of King Otho. Pattern 5 Drachma pieces of that date
exist (signed K. A.) but were not approved of by the Government,
and the old dies engraved by Voigt were still used until 1847. In
a later attempt, Lange was more successful. The artist's contribution
to this series consists of : M. 40 Drachmai, 1852 (8 specimens
known); — 20 Drachmai, 1S52 (unique); — M^. 5 Drachmai, 185 1 ;
— I Drachme, 185 1 ; — \ Drachme, 185 1, 1855 ; — \ Drachme,
1851, 1855 ; — ^. 10, 5, 2 and I Lepta, 185 1, 1857.
./Google
— 299 ~
Among his dies for the Austrian Coinage are : 4 Ducats, N 1852
(obv.);— 2 Ducats, 1852 ; — Dncats, 1852; — Double Gulden,
1S52 ; — Gulden, 1852; — Sovrani for Lombardy-Venetia, 1S53 ;
— MezKi Sovrani, 1853 ; — Double Gulden, 1855 ; — Twenty-
Gulden, A[, 1855; —Ten Gulden, M, 1855 ; — Five Gulden, N,
1855; — 4 Ducats, J^, 1858.
Bibliography. — Wur/bach, Biog. Lexikon. — Domanig, Porti-almedailhn des
ET^hmses Oesterreich, 1896. — Fiak, Beschrdbutig, &c. — Mittbeihmgtn des Klubs
der Miin^-und MsdailUnfreunde in Wkn, 1892-1904. — Kaialog der Miin^eii-und
MedaiUen-StempelSammlung des K. K. Hauptmun^amtes, Wieo, 1901. — Informa-
tion kindly supplied by M.Jean P. Latnbros. — Joseph & Fellner, Die Mfiii^en wm
Frankfurt-am-Main, 1896.
LANGE (Germ.'). Contemporary Die-sinker, whose signature occurs
in conjunction with that of Duyffcke on a commemorative medal
of Hamburg, with view of Ritzebuttel castle on ^, 1894.
LANGEBEIN, JOHANH JAKOB (Germ.). Medallist at Munich, circa
LANGEHAC, JEHAN (French). Mint-engraver'at Riom and Clermont,
1 569-1 5 87. The Mint of St, Pourgain was transferred to Moulinsin
1549, from Moulins to Riom in 1552, and from Riom to Clermont
in 1592.
BrBLiOGRAPiiV. — A. Barrc, Graveurs gineraux ei partiouUeis des monnaies de
LANGEMAN, HEINRICH Fide HENDRIK LAGEMAK. Nagler calls this
artist Langeman, but evidently in error.
LANGER, GUSTAV (Ausir.). Medallist at Vienna, third quarter of
the nineteenth century. His productions appear to be very few in
number. Among these I have only seen a commemorative medal ot
the Emperor Francis Joseph I.'s on the Inauguration of a Motiument
to Archduke Karl, 22. May i860 (signed G. LANGER FECIT).
LANGHELHAYE (Belg.). Die-sinker of the third quarter ot the
eighteenth century. Some medals and medal-dies by him are
preserved at the Brussels Mint.
LANGHERAERTSONE, JACQUES(&/^.).Mint-master at Ghent, 1388.
LANGLEY, HELEN (Brit.). Contemporary Sculptor and MedalUst.
She has produced some excellent Portrait-medallions, Panels in silver
repoussd work, etc.
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One of her silvered Reliefs is reproduced in the Studio, XXIII,
p. 1 68 ; another relief in clay " Jeune M^re " was exhibited at the
Royal Academy, 1904.
affli
Silvered Relief, by Helen Langley.
LANGLOIS, GASTON LUCIEN (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Paris. At the Salon of 1904 he exhibited the following
medallic productions : Communion (plaquette) ; — ■ Guardian Angel
(plaquette); — -The Cradle (M. and IE medal).
LANGLOIS, GDILLAUME {French). Mint-engraver at Nantes, drca
1643-1653 and later. He signed G.Langlois.
LANGLOIS, PAUL (Fremh). Seal-engraver at Paris, circa 1680-1688.
He is mentioned in documents of that lime in connection with
work he undertook for the Medal Mint,
LANGMANN, ULRICH (G«-m,). Mint-warden at Nuremberg, 1434.
LANGRES, BARTHELEMI DE (French). Barlholomeus de Lifigonis,
:dso surnamed GRAVIER, Mmt-engraver at Lyons, 1375-1383.
./Google
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LANGRES, JEHAN DE (French). Engraver of Jctons, of the earjy
part of the fifteenth century. Blanchec gives his date as 1402-1405.
He was Die-cutter at the Paris Mint, having been appointed on
I. March 1401 (1402). He died in 1412.
BiHLiOGRAPtiY. ^ Rondot, Les graveurs Je Lyon, 1897. ^Rondot &DeLaTour,
op. cit.
LANJAC, JEAN (French'). Locksmith of Riom, and Mint-engraver
there, 1568-1587.
LANNE, ETIENNE. Vide ETIENNE DELAURE. Bolzenthal misspelt this
MedalUst's name,
LAKNO, FRANgOIS GASPARD AIMfi {French'). Sculptor, born at
Rennes, 7. January 1800; pupil of Cartellier and Lemot; second
Grand Prix de Rome, 1825; first Grand Prix in 1827 ; medal of
the second class in 1843 ; Knight of the Legion of lionour, 14. No-
vember 1855,
Beside numerous works of sculpture, Lanno executed also various
Portrait-medallions in clay and bronze : 1867. Portrait of M. L"**;
— Montaigne ; -— F^nelon, &c.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvtay, op. cit.
LANNOY, JACQUES DE (Germ.). Mint-master to the Princes ot
Hohenlohe at Laugenburg, 1622.
LAHKElMA, p. (Dutch). Die-sinker of Utrecht, by whom there are
medals with portrait of D'' Franz Cornelis Douders, 9"' Ophthalmic
Congress, 1899 (Boston Collection); — Death of King William III.,
1889 ; —First year of Reign of the Queen Regent, Emma, 1896 ; —
Q_ueen Wilhelmina, &c.
LANSON, ALFRED HtslRt (French). Sculptor, born at Orleans;
pupil of Rouillard, Jouffroy and A. Millet; studied also at the
Ecoledes Beaux-Arts; medal of the third class in 1875 ; prlxde Rome
in 1876; medal of the second class in 1879. Among the many
Portrait-medallions he modelled, Chavignerie et Auvray mention :
1870. Portrait of M"^ R. L***; — Portrait of M. E*** ; — 1872.
Portrait of M"'^ L. R*** (bronze medallion); — 1874. Portrait of
M. F. D*** (bronze), &c.
LANSON, ERNEST (French). Sculptor, bom at Orleans, 12. Novem-
ber 1836. He modelled a number of Portrait-medallionSj mostly of
friends : M"^ Marguerite Lanson; — Portrait of MM"" E***, and
M***; — Portrait of M. S***, 1875 ; — Portrait of M. RufEn,
1880, etc.
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LANSON, ERNESTINE (French). Sculptor, born at Orleans ; a daugh-
ter and pupil of E. Lanson. She is the author of Portrait-medallions
of herself, M"= Marguerite Lanson, and others.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, Diciiomiaire gen^-al des artistes de
I'ecok /ratifaisc, 1882.
LANTASQUE, MARTINET {French). The last Master of the Mint at
Mirabel-aux-Baronnies, in conjunction with Claude Lajonis, 1426.
BiBLioGRAimv. — E. Faivre, Etai acliiel des aldkrs mouitaires frangais, Paris,
.830.
LANT£ri, fiDOUARD (Brit.). Contemporary Sculptor, a native of
Burgundy, now a naturalised Englishman, is a pupil of the Ecole
des Beaux-Arts,ofCavelier,Aime Millet and Guillaume. He became
assistant to Sir Edgar Boehm, when he was but twenty years old.
He succeeded M, Dalou as master of the sculpture classes in the
National Art Training School, now the Royal College of Art,
South Kensington.
Prof. Lant^ri is a member of the London Society of Medallists,
and the author of a number of cast Portrait-medallions in bronze.
Among these, D' F, Parkes Weber mentions in his book on
Nineteenth century English medals hy foreign Artist.'! the following :
Sir J. Edgar Boehm, Bart., R. A., 1891 (signed: ED. LANT£ri);~
Sir Squire Bancroft, actor, 1889; — B. Bcrtrand, fencing master,
1889; -- Mrs. Adelaide M. Moore, 1893; — George Morton,
painter, 1889; — Robert Glassby, sculptor, 1888; — William
Glassby, artist, 1888; — Andreas Grass, sculptor, 1888; — ■ Sir
Augustus Harris, 1890 (a struck medal, with 1^ Winged figure of
Victory &c, ; modelled by Prof. Lant^ri and struck by Heming &
Co) ; — The French Hospital in London, 1898 ; — Portrait~pla-
quette ofR. Phen^ Spiers, 1905 ; — Portrait-plaquetteof Mrs L. W.
Carnegie and daughter, 1905, &c,
" Considered as a sculptor only", says Mr. Spielmann, " Mr.
Lanteri is a man of exceptional ability, endowed with a highly
artistic temperament, and scarcely surpassed in this country or out
of it in extreme dexterity in the use of the clay. This cleverness is
absolutely marvellous, and his work is brilliant, individual, wonder-
ful ... As a sculptor of portraiture his power is seen to be great ;
he is full of vigour and animation ... Asa teacher he has no superior,
and many a successful sculptor of to-day owes much to his untiring
energy, encouragement, and interest, such as he takes in all who
have the good fortune to come under his care. " (Spielmann,
British Sculpture and Sculptors of to-day, pp. 127-128).
M. Lanteri's latest exhibits at the Royal Academy are restricted
to sculptural work : 1899. Bronze bust of J. Sparkes, Esq . ; — 1900.
Statuette of J. A. Grant, Esq. ; — 1901. "Paysan", head in bronze ;
,/Goo(^[c
— 303 —
— 1902. Reverie, bust in marble; — 1903. Sir Walter Sendall,
G. C. M. G., bust in marble; — Sir William Abney, K. C. B.,
F. R. S., bust in bronze; — H. M. King Edward VII., bust in
bronze (to be placed in the French Hospital, London); ■ — Portrait
of a gentleman, bust in marble.
Bibliography. — F. Parkes Webev, Medah and Medalliom, Eic. — Royal Academy
LANTING, KLEIS {Dutch.'). Silversmith, and Medallist of Amster-
dam, born in 1783, died in 1827. " He was a clever engraver",
,says Bolzenthal, " and did a number of portraits of distinguished
E arsons, with a masterly hand, in silver, and in the old way ".
anting's medals are often uniface, like those of Pieter van Abeele;
he only cared tor the likeness which he cut in the steel with great
freedom and technical knowledge. By him are : Portrait of Simon
Stevin, of Bruges, teacher and friend of Prince Maurice of Orange
(after an older work) ; — Johan de Witt (68X91 mill.) ; — Cor-
nells de Witt (72X93 mill.) ; — Samuel van Hoogstraten (74X100
mil!.); — D'Pieter Camper, of Leyden; — D' Hermann Boediaeve,
ofLeyden; — Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck, 1806, etc.
Bolzenthal eulogizes in highly appreciative terms the portrait-medal
of Simon Stevin, but C" de Nahuys speaks of it as " une copie assez
mal venue".
Bibliography. — Bolzenthal, op. cit. — C« Maurin Nahuys, La niimismaliqiie
d I'expoiition rilrospective d'art industrid d Bruxelles, 1888, Revue beige, &c.. 1880,
p. 392. ^ Catalogue der Niderlandsche en op Nederlani belrehking hebhnde Gedenk'
pmmngen, 1903.
LANTZHUTEL, C. (Germ.'). Mint-warden at Nuremberg, 1434.
LANZ, KASPAR (Germ.). Mint-master at Dillingen, Bavaria, 1623.
LANZ-GIROD, R. (Swiss). Engraver and Designer of various
medals, such as those commemorating the Rifle Meeting of Western
Switzerland at Bienne, 1893 (struck by Homberg) and the Federal
Meeting " Tir au flobert " at Bienne, 1899 (struck by Furet).
LAOUST, ANDRfi LOUIS ADOLPHE (French). Contemporary Sculp-
tor, bornatDouai on the i6"\ September 1843; pupil of jouffroy.
He obtained awards in 1873 and 1874, and a silver medal in 1887.
By him are numerous Portrait-medallions : 1869. Portrait ot
M'KJ***; —1870. M. L. Potier; — 1872. M"^ M. D***;— 1875.
E. Deverny, painter; — 1876. M™= Vienne; — 1879. D'P***; —
1884. M"' A. C***; — 1893. Edouard Martin ; — 1901. M. ?***;
— 1904. M. S***. AU these are cast in bronze.
BiBLiOtiRAPHV. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. dt.
, Google
LAPAIX, JEAN I (French). Engraver of JeCons at Nancy, chx, 1698-
1714.
LAPAIX, JEAN II (French'). Engraver of Jetons, born in 1722, died
21, September 1773.
LAPAIX, THOMAS (French). Engraver of Jetons, also at Nancy,
born in 1704, died 11. July 1773.
LAPI, A. E. (ItaL). Sculptor and Medallist of the first balf of the
nineteentb century. His signature occurs on a Porrrait-medailion of
the actor Paul Belli-Blanes, fi823.
LAPI, JEAN (ItaL). Sculptor and Medallist of the eighteenth
century. By him are various Portrait-medallions, of which 1 have
seen one of Emmanuel de Richecourd, cast in bronze.
LAPIE, ROBERT (French). Money-changer at Paris, 1322-1323.
In conjunction with Jean Poillevilain he issued a jeton, described
in Revue numisnialiqiie, Paris, 1884, p. 365.
LAPORTE, £MILE(Fr£«c/i). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Paris;
pupil of Thomas, tie obtained in 1885 a medal of the third class,
m 1S86 a Bourse de voyage,in 1887 a bronze medal,and in 1897 a
medal of the second class. At the Universal Exhibition ot 1900,
this artist exhibited a frame containing six medals depicting various
subjects, and at the Salon of 1905 a Portrait-medallion in bronze
of Mint Qubois,
LAPORTE, GEORGES (French). Contemporary Sculptor, by whom
a Portrait-medallion of G. Dubois in bronze was exhibited at the
Salon of 1883.
LAPORTE, GUILLAUME DE LA (French). Mint-master and Engraver
at Toulouse, circ. 1354-1359.
LAPORTE, l£0 BLAIRSY (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Toulouse; pupil of Mercie and Palguiere. At the Salon of 1890
he exhibited four bronze Portrait-medallions ; 1891. M. Meyer ; —
M. Raynaud, &c.
LAQUIS, DOMINIQUE (French). Sculptor of the nineteenth century,
born at Guebviller, 3o. April 1816. He modelled Portrait-medallions,
some of which were exhibited at the annual Paris Salons in the
fifties and sixties of last century.
LARCHIER, PIERRE (French). Mint-master at Angers, before April
1353-
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LARBY, FRANgOIS GUILLAUME (Swiss). Setil-cngravei-, Painter on
enamel, and Copper-plate-engraver, bom at Auvertiier (Neuchatel)
in 1749. He studied at Geneva.
By him are some Portrait-medallions ; among these, one of tlie
Abb6 de Condillac, 1780.
Bibliography. — A. Baclielin, F.G. Lardy, Musee ntucliatclois, 1876, 24.
LARMlfi, PIERRE PHILIBERT (French). Sculptor, born at Dijon in
1752, died there on the 7''' of August 1807. He was a pupil ot
Couston, and Professor of sculpture at the Dijon Art Schools. By
him are Portrait-medallions in terracotta, in the style of Nini,
one of which represents Louis XVI., 1793.
LAROCHE (French). An eighteenth century Die-sinker of Grenoble,
who is said to have imitated a great number of the rare coins in
the cabinet of Pellerin.
Bibliography. — Blanchet, Nuniisnuitiqne dii nioyen dgeel moderm,U,'p. 364. —
Numismatic Chronicle, Vi, p. 54. — Durand MS. Cntalogue.
LAROfi.JEAHDE (French). Mint-engraver at Valenciennes, c'lrc.
1445-1448.
LAROQUE, ANATOLE (French). Contemporary Sculptor of the
second half of the nineteenth century, born at Paris ; pupil ot
Jouffroy :ind Thomas. He designed various medals; ancf is the
author oi Portrait-medallions in clay and bronze.
BiHLJOGRAPHY. — Chavignfirie et Auvray, op. cit.
LA ROTIErE, JEAW DE (French). Goldsmith of Troyes, and Mint-
engraver at Lyons, appointed in 1426; he died between 1429 and
1434.
LA ROTIfiRE, PIERRE DE (French). Mint-engraver at Troyes, circ.
1379-1406. In 1380-81 he executed a silver statue of St. Stephen
for rlie tomb of Count Henry, and a silver head of a Queen for the
mausoleum ot Count Thibaut. He was the father of Jean de la
Rotiere.
BiBLioGRAPHY. — N. Rondot & H. de La Tour, op. cic.
LARREGIETI, TULBERT PIERRE (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Bordeaux; pupil of Maggesi and A. Dumont. His Portrait-
medallions in wax, clay and bronze have met with considerable
success.
- BicgraphM Noirrtj of M
atdb, Google
— ^o6 — -
LARROY, BERTRANDDE (Frmc/j). Mint-mnstcr at B.iyonne, 1490-
14913; distinctive mark, two pellets between tlie anchor ^ind fleur-
de-lis.
LARSSEN, JENS (Dan.'). Medallist of thethird quarter of the seven-
teenth century. His date is given by Schlickey sen- Pall man as 1650-
1660.
LART, PlfiRABT DTJ (French). Engraver of the fifteenth century,
by whom is a Jeton with the legend : + PIERART : DV . LART :
MA : FEHT.
LARUE, BERNARD DE {French). Mint-engraver at Bayonne, 1552
to 13. November 1560.
LARUE, JEAN DENIS (^French). Sculptor of the second and third
quarters of the nineteenth century ; pupil of Klagmaii. He executed
several Portrait-medallions in clay and bronze, which are of some
merit.
LARUE, PIERRE DE (^French). Mint-engraver at Bayonne,
1533-1536, then at Bordeaux, 1536-1550. He signed pierre de
la rue.
LASANTZ, or LASANZ, also LASANNZ VON FRIEDENEGG, HANS
(Austr.). Mint-master at Gratz, 1 577-1 579 and 1586-1590 ;
then at Prague, 1600-1609. Distinctive mark, three stars in
shield.
It does not appear very clear from documents whether the Hans
Lasanz, Mint-master at Gratz, who left that place with a debt of
12000 fl. is the same as Hans Lasanz von Friedenegg, Mint-master
at Prague, apparently between 1600 and 1609, and who provision-
ally filled the same office at Vienna, in 1605; but there is little
doubt that it is so.
Bibliography. — Fiala, op. cil. — C. Oesterreiclicr, he. dt., Miiih. des Klubs
&c., 1890, pp. 15, 29, 61.
LASSAGNE (French). This Medallist's signature occurs on a Portrait-
medal of D' F. A. Mesmer (2 var., one of which is in the Boston
Collection).
LASSAUX, JEAN MARIE PHILEAS (French). Contemporary Sculp-
tor, born at Ecordal (Ardennes); pupil of Lebceuf. Among the
Portrait-medallions modelled by this artist are : 1872. L. G.
Lef^vre (terracotta) ; — 1873- H . Petit (bronze) ; — 1875-
./Google
— 307 —
M"' C. Perraudau (day); — 1876. George Washington
(bronze), &c.
IJiBuoGRftPHY. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit.
LASSEN & C" (Belg.). Die-sinkers and Manufacturers of buttons,
establislied at Brussels, about 1850, In i8i|6 they sought authori-
zation to strike 10.000 kilogrammes of i and 2 centime pieces for
the Republic of Haiti, but the order was finally given to Dumoulin-
Paqucs, ofLiege.
LASSERRE, FIRMIN PIERRE (FreHi:/>). Sculptorand Medallist, born
at Barrante (Basses-Pyrenets); pupil of A. Millet and Albert
Br^aut^.
At the Salon of 1S98, he exhibited : Medal of Marie Antoinette;
— A Seal (St. Anthony of Padua); — 1899- Communion of
St. John; — Virgin; — Enfant du lys; — Source ; — Genius; —
1901. A frame containing 20 plaquettes and medals, among which
the following : Cbapelle ; — Aiglon ; — Marguerite ; — La Perle ;
— Charmeuse; — Marriage Souvenir plaquette; ■ — ■ Virgo puris-
sima; — Patria, etc. In 1902, 11 medals and plaquettes, also 5
large Portrait-medallions. In 1903, 11 medals and plaquettes, com-
prizing : Birth of Venus; — Neptune and Amphitrite; — Portrait ot
M. Rigla; — "Christening"' Souvenir Medal; — ^Harmonie;^ — Head
of Christ; — ■ Virgo purissima (sev. var.); — Ecce Panis; — Salon
of 1904. Frame containing twelve medals and plaquettes, represent-
ing religious and mythological subjects, perhaps somewhat over-
done; — Salon of 1905. Confirmation; — Communion; — Vision
of St. Anthony ; — St. Christopher ; — Drunkenness of Pan ; —
Rustic scenery; — Portrait of M, Rigla; — Portrait of a gentle-
man ; — Marriage Piaquette, Sec.
BiBLiooRAPHV. — Catalogues of the Annual Pui-is Salons, 1904, &c.
LASSUS, NICOLAS DE {French). Goldsmith, Medallist and Mint-
engraver at Nancy, circa 1569-1574. He worked for Charles III,,
Duke of Lorraine. Lepage quotes various documents recording
payments made to him tor work done in connection with the Mint,
Coins and medals of Charles 111. exist by him, and he may be also
the author of a medal with his own portrait, and the legend :
N.DE.LASSVS.AETATlS.26.rS70 (diam. 65 mill.).
Bibliography. — Lepage, Notes el Documents snr les Gi-aveurs de Monnaies et
MMailles et lafabrkation dcsmonnaies des dues de Lorraine, Nancy, 1875. — Maze-
rolle, isi MMaiUeiirs franfais, Paris, 1902. — Roiidot & de La Tour, Graveiirs et
Me'dailhurs&c, 1904.
LA TALANI. Fide TERESA TALANI (Ilal). A clever Neapolitan
Gem-engraver of the end of the eighteenth century and beginning
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— 3o8 —
of the nineteenth. Her signature, LA TALANI occurred on a Head
of Plato, exceedingly well engraved upon a fine onyx of two strata,
in the Morrison Collection (Sale Catalogue, 1898, lot 237 A);
also on a cameo in agate with busts of Napoleon and Josephine,
in the Kibahchlch Collection (Paris, 1905)-
Portrait-cameo of Napoleon I. cmd Josepliine.
LATHEM, LIEVIN VAN (Belg.'). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver, men
tioned from drc. 1493, and who died in 151 5, at Antwerp, where
he resided. By him are Seals of the Archduke Philip the Fair; —
Gerard Numan ; — - Archduchess Margaret of Anstria, sister of
Philip ; — Seals for the Chancery of Brabant (executed in conjunc-
tion with Jati Van Nymmegen) ; — Seal of Philip the Fair tor the
Netherlands, after Philip's inheritance of the crown of Castile,
on the death of Isabella, 1504; — Seals with arms of the
Emperor Maximilian and of his grandson, the Archduke Charles,
1509, &c.
BiBLiOGKAPHY. — A. Pincliatt, Biographies des GravciiTS beiges. Revue de la
num. beige, 1855, p. J69. — Biographic Nalionakde Belgi^tie, 424.
LATIMER, WILLIAM LORD (Brit.). Mint-engraver in London,
tinder Edward IIL, and Richard II. (13 29-1381). We read in Ruding :
" After the death of LordBoutetourt, in the 18''' year of Edwardll.,
Maud his widow sold this office to William Lord Lathner, for him-
self and his heirs, in the 3rd. year of Edward IIL As he made that
purchase without the king's license having been first obtained, he
was obliged to sue out his pardon ; which was allowed ; and the king
further granted for himself and his heirs, as far as he had power,
that the said William should have and hold, for himself and his
heirs for ever, the said office of the king and his heirs, by the ser-
vice due and accustomed, without any impediment, &c."
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" After this he seems to have enjoyed his office quietly until
about the 27"' year of Edward III., when he presented a petition to
the king in parliament, stating that the office of engraver and
maker of the king's dies in the Tower of London and city of
Canterbury belonged to him and his heirs, as plainly appeared by
divers evidences ; that of late he had been disturbed by the king's
Noble of Edward III.
servants in having and using the said office, touching the coins of
noble, half and farthing noble, and the groat ; because the said
coins were then but newly commenced. He therefore prayed that
the king would please to command full inquiry to be made,
in that parliament, touching the same, and do right and reason
to him, on the consideration that he had possession of the
Early Noble of Edward III.,
of Iji.
said office before such coins were made- In consequence of this
petition he was commanded to produce his charters and other
evidences,
"The further proceedings do not appear; but it should seem
that the determination was favourable to the petitioner, as the
office was confirmed to him, about twenty years afterwards, without
any exception of the coins above-mentioned.
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" He held this office until his desth, in the 4"' year of
Richard n. "
According to the above-quoted documents, Latimer is responsible
for the dies of the first and subsequent coinages of Nobles, and
Groats, &c. of Edward III., and it is interesting to note that on the
first issue of Nobles and (Quarter Nobles (no Half Nobles having
yet been found of that issue), an L occurs in centre of ^L. This L
is said to represent the name of the Mint (London). But after
1346, the L was altered Into an €, for the King's initial. It has been
Seal of the Corpor
11 of Moneyers, iaiip Edward III.
suggested {Fide S. M. Spink, The Use of the Initial Letter L upon
some of the Gold Coins of Edward HI., Num. Circ, XV,7562), that
the alteration might have been made in consequence ot possible
complaints " by the king's servants" against Latimer for having
placed on the coins the letter L which would stand for his own ini-
tial as well as for that of the London Mint.
The coins issued under Latimer's tenure of the office of Die-cutter
are the following : EDWARD III. N. /" Coinage. Florins, Half
Florins and Quarter Florins. 2"'^ Coinage, 1344. Nobles and Quarter
Nobles (L in ceiitre of 1^). Third Coinage, 1346. Nobles, Half and
Quarter Nobles (S in centre of ^.). 4"" Coinage. 1351-1360.
Nobles, Half and Quarter Nobles (several varieties, with Title of
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King of England and France), 1360-1369. Nobles, Halt ^nd
Q.uarter Nobles (sev, var.. Title of King of France omitted, that
of Duke of Aquitaine generally used on the Nobles and Half
Nobles). 1369-1377. Nobles, Half and Quarter Nobles (sev. var..
Titles of King of France and Duke of Aquitaine both used on
Nobles; flag at stern of ship on Half Nobles). — M.. Groats, Half
Groats, Pennies, Halfpennies and Farthings. The Gro.lts belong to
three distinct coinages, 1351-1360, 1560-1369, and 1369-1377,
varying in the King's titles, as the gold coins. The Flalf
Groats and subsidiary silver coins do not follow the Groats in
many particulars. — RICHARD 11. A^. Nobles, Half Nobles
and Quarter Nobles (varieties with obv, or ^. from die ot
Edward III). — jR. Groats, Half Groats, Pennies, Halfpennies and
Farthings.
An interesting Seal, reproduced here, of the Corporation of
Moneyers, temp. Edward III., may have been engraved by, or by
order of, Lord Latimer. Beneath the figure of Moneta (or Justice)
is a full-faced head of Edward III. between two roses in a quatre-
foil compartment, as on the Pattern Groats of that ruler.
Bibliography. — Ruding, Annah of ths Coinage of Greal Britain and Ireland,
London, 1840. — Kenyon, The Gold Coins oj England, London, 1884. — Haw-
kins, The Silver Coins of England, hoaAon, 1887.
LATOUR, LOUIS {French'). Contemporary Sculptor, by whom are
various Portrait-medallions, which were exhibited at the Paris
Salon since 1883.
LATRILHE, PIERRE {French). Mint-master at Bayonne, 1829-
1835. Distinctive mark : arose,
LATRT, ANNA {French). Contemporary Painter and Sculptor, born
at Paris; pupil of M'^'= Girardin and M™' D. de Cool. By this artist
are Portrait-medallions of M™= Blanche Pierson, the actress; —
M"' E. Breton; — M"= P.P. Edwards, and others.
LATTFERSACK, F. {Germ.). Mint-master at Rostock, 1796-1802,
In 1796 he issued a thousand Ducats, for which the dies were sup-
plied by the Mint-master ot Liibeck. The coins bear the initials
F, L. or F. L.
LATJBENHEIMER, R. {Ainer.). Contemporary Medallist, residing
at New York. He is the author of various Masonic and other medals,
among which I have noted : Masonic Red Cress Degree, with bus:
ofWashington, 1875; — Howard Benevolent Association (yellow-
fever), Savannah, 1876
Bibliography. — Marvin, Masonic Medals, 1880. — D' Starer's M S.
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LAUCH, BALTHASAR {Gam.'). Goldsmith and M(;dallisto£ Leipj^ig,
second half of the seveenteenth century. His dated medals, mostly
cast oval medallions of good workmanship, were produced between
1669 and 1683. Among these are the following : " Gnadenpfennige "
of John George II., 1669 (signed B. L. on ^. ; three varieties, one
illustrated') ; — Ernest the Pious of Gotha and his consort Elizabeth
Badge of John George II., Duke of Safon^
Sophia of Altenburg (unsigned, but attributed to Lanch b^ D'"Merz-
bacher) ; — Jacob Boehme, the sophist and mystK, i>75 (there is
a modern reproduction of this medal, or it may be altogether a
concoction).
Bibliography. — Erbstein, Erdrterungm, Sec. — Dr Merzbacher, Kumt-MedaiUen-
Katalog, 1900. — Mim^-iind Medailknjreund, p. 4. ~- Frankfurter Mun^ldtter,
LAUCH, HAMS (GmK.)- Minr-
ind 1633-1637. His issues are s
laster at Quedlinburg, 1620-1624
id to be signed H. L. or IL,
LAUER, ERKST LUDWIG SIGMUKD (Germ.). A Nuremberg Die-
sinker and Manufacturer of counters, 1791 — circ. 1797 (according
to KuU, Repertorium &c. II, p. 710). He was bom in 1762 and died
in 185^. At Nuremberg he was known as "Flinderleinsschlager",
or maker of tinsel ornaments, pendants, jetons &c.
LADER, HANS CHRISTOPH {Germ.). Mint-master at Nuremberg,
1623-1639 (Kull, II, 710). Lauer was a Goldsmith by profession,
and according to Gebert, he applied for the post of Master of the
Mint in October 1618, and already in the same year, on the
9. December, he was entrusted with the issue of 150 Goldgulden
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for Wiirzbiirg, whicli bear his distinctive m;irk, a star. In 1619,
Lauer restruck a large number of foreign gold coins into Nuremberg
Goldgulden; again in 1620, and 1621, lie was ordered to coin a
large quantity of gold and silver currency. He died in September or
October 1639 and was succeeded by his son, Johann or Hans David
Lauer. His distinctive mark on the coins is a star.
Bibliography. — C. F. Gebert-Nflniberg, Gesehkhte der MiinsitMe Her Rekh-
stadt Nuniberg^, 1891. — Ammon, op. cit,
LAUER, HANS DAVID (Germ.). Mint-master at Nuremberg, 1639-
1646. He left for Poland in 1647. Kull gives the date of his activity
at Nuremberg as 1639-1650, evidently in error.
LAUER, JOHAKN FRANZ (Germ.). Mining-and Mint-administrator
to the Kingdom of Bohemia, 1721-1733.
LAUER, JOHANN JAKOB (Germ.). Die-sinker and Manufacturer of
counters at Nuremberg, born in 17S8, died in 1863. He was a son
of iirnst Ludwig Sigmund Lauer, and under him the business,
which his father had allowed to drift, gradually advanced and
regained its former reputation.
LAUER, LUDWIG CHKISTOPH (Germ.). Die-sinking establishment,
founded in 1729, and reconstructed in i860 under the style of
" Muiix^-Priige install L. Chr. Lauer ", Kleinweidenmiihle No. 12,
Nuremberg.
Begun in modest circumstances, the Lauer business was first
developed by Johann Jakob Lauer, 1788-1863, son of Ernst-Ludwig
Sigmund Lauer, but the real genius, who gave the establishment its
present importance, was Ludwig Christoph Lauer. The vast
improvements, both mechanical and artistic, which he introduced,
since 1848, when he succeeded his father, Johann Jakob Lauer, until
his death, in 1873, speak for the uncommon productive faculties
and rare commercial abilities of this great worker. He knew, too,
how to foster the ever-growing interest of the masses for medals,
and he successfully attained the purpose of his life, in conquering
the feeling of prejudice which existed against all the applied arts
in general. He raised the standard of medallic art in Germany, and
although his productions cannot be said to rank very high in artistic
excellence, he paved the way in Germany for the modern school
which, borrowing on the one hand from the style of work of French
medallists, and on the other from that of the Austrian masters, is
gradually making its influence felt, and may even yet revive the
glorious traditions of the celebrated Nuremberg artists of the early
sixteenth century.
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L. Chr. Liiuer started business in 1848 in the Waizenstrasse,
n" 1468 as Medallist and Counter-manufacturer. In 1854 he intro-
duced one of Uhlliorn's Coining-presses, thus doing away with
handiwork. Four years later he moved into the present premises in
the Klein weidenmu hie, where water power could be used for the
working of the recently acquired presses, balanciers and other
machinery.
In 1873, L. Chr. Lauer died, leaving his wife BETTY LAUKR and
three sons to carry on the works, which still gained in importance
and extension. Steam power was added in i88r, and in 1884/85
new buildings with every accommodation were erected to cope
with the ever increasing trade. In March 1888, the three brothers
JOHANN LAUER, commercial manager, LDDWIG LAUER, technical
manager, and the medallist WOLFGANG LAUER took the entire
direction of affairs, aided by a competent staffof modellers, die-sink-
ers, silversmiths, and about one hundred workmen, enabling them
to undertake every kind of medalllc and decorative work in metal.
Among the best known earlier productions by the Lauers, I may
mention the following rJetonofLouis XVI., 1790; — Another of 1 791
(sev, var.); — Death of Louts XVI., 1793; — -Peace of CampoFormio
1797 ; — Coronation of Napoleon I., 1804 (7 var.) ; — Napoleon I.
inaugurates the Golden Age, 1804; — Peace of Presburg, 1805 ; —
Inauguration of the Railway from Nuremberg to Bamberg, 1844; —
Foundation ofthe Masonic Lodge at Nuremberg, 185 1 ; — Archduke
John of Austria, Administrator of the Empire, 1848; — Adam von
Itzstein ; — Deutschland iiber AUes ; — Termination of the Franco-
German War, 1871 ; — -Destruction by Fire of the St. Lorenz Church at
Nuremberg, 1865; — Battle of Worth, 1870; — Victory Day, 1871;
— ■4"' Centenary of AlbrechtDurer, 1871; — Death of Pope Pius IX.,
1878 ; ^Accession of Leo XIII., 1878 ;■ — Rifle Meeting at Frankfort-
on-M., 1862; — Birth of Alexander von Dachenhausen, 1848; —
Baroness Frederica von Dachenhausen, 1864 ; — Henry William
Edward von Dachenhausen, 1853 ; — Alfred von Dachenhausen,
iSj8 ; — Goethe and Schiller Memorial at Weimar, 1857; — Inau-
guration ofthe Railway from Nuremberg to FCrth, i860; &c.
It would be almost impossible to give a complete list of Lauer's pro-
ductions, and I shall content myself with enumerating some ofthe
more important ones issued during the last 25 years; — 1882,
German Imperial military manceuvres in Silesia ; — 1883 . Death of
Richard Wagner (sev. var.); — 4''' Centenary of Martin Luther (sev,
var.); — -Silver Wedding of Crown Prince Frederick and Princess
Royal Victoria ; — D' Kopp ; — Third Centenary of the Reliei
ot ViennabySobieskiin., King of Poland ;^Sobieski III. of Poland;
— Death of D' Mack; — D' Jordan of Frankfort-on-M. ; — D' von
Schuch ; — 1884, First Production of Parsifal at Bayreuth; — Rifle
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Meeting arjauer (Silesia); — Occupation of Angni-Pequena by Ger-
many;— -RomliildOrplinnage; — Nuremberg Commercial School; —
Marabini Marriage Medal ; — Schwartz Marriage Medal ; — Zimmer-
raanii Marriage Medai ; — Cleves International Sporting Exhibition ;
— 1 88;, Internationa! Exhibition of Gold and Silver work atNurenj-
berg; — Sports Exhibition at Nuremberg; — Bulgarian War against
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Servia (witii bust of Prince Alexander); — Duke Ernest II. of Saxe-
Coburg-Gotlia(2var.); — ^Prioce Bismarck's 70"' Birthday; — Jubilee
of the Nuremberg-Filrth Railway ; — Death of Prince Frederick
Charles; — Heimeraii,Lauinger,Carse,Katzenstein, Sachs, and Bocks
Marriage Medals; — 1886. National Exhibition at Altenburg; —
Horticultural Show at Anclam; •— Centenary of the " Friedrichs-
hutte ", Silesia, (with busts of William I. and Crown Prince Frede-
rick) ; — Marriage of Michael Katzenstein ; — The Frankfort
Regattas ; — Emperor William I.'s 25''' Anniversary of Accession;
— 80"' Anniversary of service of William I. ; — Prince Alexander of
Bulgaria ; — College tor Girls at Nuremberg; — The Prince Regent
Luitpold of Bavaria visits Nuremberg; — D' Haflner, Bishop of
Mayence ; — Death of Louis II. of Bavaria (sev. var., with views
of his various residences) ; — Director Lohmann ; — Bachofen von
Echt, New Year's Medal; — Death of Franz Liszt; — Visit to
Patlem Crown oi Queen Vicloria, 1887, issued by Spink & Son,
jtrucli by L. Clir. Lauer.
Nuremberg of the Crown Prince ; — Bolian, and Plateau, Marriage
Medals; — 1887. IX. German Federal Jubilee Rifle Meeting at
Frankfort-on-M. (sev. var.); ^International Horticultural Exhibi-
tion at Dresden; — Agncultural Exhibition at Bautzen ; — Hunting
Exhibition at Koenigsoerg in Pr. ; — First " Wander " Exhibition
at Frankfort-on-M. ; — III. Middle Franconian Federal Rifle
Meeting at EichstJidt; — Pattern Crown (^illustrated) and Sixpence,
struck in various metals (issued by Spink & Son) ; — Queen
Victoria's Jubilee (sev. var.) ; — William I. , 70"' Anniversary as
Chief of the Royal Regiment of Grenadiers, Liegnitz ; — ■ 50"' Anni-
versary of the Frankfort Choral Society " Arion " ; — - Siegmund
Strauss; — 90''' Anniversary ofWilliam L; — Second Centenary
ot the toundaiion ot Friedrichsdoif ; — D' von Stephan, Secretary
of State ; — ■ D'' Frommann ; — Queen Victoria's 70''' Birthday ; —
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Accession ot Ferdinand of Bulgaria ; — Vater jahn : — D'Ciintlicr;
— ■ Grahamstown ; — New year's Medal; — ■ Marriage Medal of
f-iisfe*:^-
Memorial Medal oi Frederick, Geraian Emperor, i8S8.
Count von Rex; — Strauss Jubilee; — John George of Saxony
(imitation); — Union v^locipedique de la Suisse romande; —
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Hans Sachs and Richard Wagner ; — Franz Liszt ; — 1888. German
National Fine Arts Exhibition at Munich ; — Agricultural Exhibi-
tion at Nuremberg ; — International " Gardening " Exhibition at
Cologne; — Horticultural Show at Cassel; — VIII. Bavarian
Jubilee Rifle Meeting; — Machinery Exhibition at Munich; —
XI. Central German Federal Rifle Meeting at Halle ; — Death of
the Emperor William I. (numerous varieties'); — Accession of
Frederick III. (sev. var.); — Death of Frederick III, (sev. var.); —
Accession of William IL (sev. var.) — Homage to the Emperor
William II. (reproduced in Domplerre de Chaufepie, I, xxxv,
n" 167); — Golden Weddings of August, Johann and Robert
Andreae; — Speech of Prince Bismarck in the Reichstag; — The
Crown Prince Frederick at San Remo ; — Peace Travels of William II. ;
— The Emperor Frederick and Crown Prince William ; — 60"' Birth-
day of King Albert of Saxony ; — The three Emperors' commemo-
rative medal ; — Nowodworski, Warsaw, 1863-1888; ~ Death of
D' Erhard of Nuremberg ; — Oskar Karl Gustav Adolf, Prince
of Prussia ; — Regia Societas botanica Ratisbonensis ; — ■ Silver
Wedding of Herr und Fran Weber; — 1889. Golden Wedding of
Mr.&Mrs. Gladstone; — 0.ueen Victoria's 70'''Blrthday ; — Naval
Review and Visitto London of the Emperor William II.;— Industrial
Exhibition at Hamburg; — Sporting Shoco at Cassel; —
Exhibition ot the Society of Locksmiths at Berlin ; — General Exhib-
ition for Hunting and Fishing, at Cassel; — Exhibition of Food
Stuffs, Cookery, &c,, at Cologne; — Gardeners' Show at Coburg;
— Visit of William II. to Francis Joseph I. ; — 70''' Anniversary of
Count Moltke's service in the army ; — Visit of King Humbert I.
to Germany; — The four Emperors (sev. var.); — Hohenzollern
Souvenir Plaquette; — Centenary ofGabelsberger. — PrinceHohen-
iohe-Schillingsfurst; — Fr. Witt; — Masonic Commemorative
Medal ; — Death of Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria ; — 70''' Birth-
day of Johann Faber of Nuremberg; — Bishop Thoma of Passau;
— Hutten-Sickingen Memorial at Ebernburg; — Visit of King
Humbert to Frankfort-on-M. ; — F^te des Vignerons at Vevey,
Switzerland; — Visit of the Emperor William II, and Consort to
Bayreuth; — Baron L, von Faber; — Beck, Kaupert, Gebauer, Schrag,
HL-ydolph, Mijller, and Wertheimer Marriage Medals; — ■ 250.
Anniversary of the Krauss Institute; — Exposition philomatique at
Geneva; — Memorial of Garve; — Visit of the Emperor Francis
Joseph I. to Berhn ; — New year's Medal of the Dachenhausen family ;
— Job, Mart, Schleyer; — The Wettin Obelisk; — 1890, Visit of
the Prince of Wales to Berlin ; — Opening of the Forth Bridge ; —
Penny Postage Jubilee (struck for Spink & Son); — Military Exhibi-
tion at Cologne; — XI, German Federal and Jubilee Rifle Meeting;
— Thuringian Fruit Show at Erfurt; — Bakery Exhibition atBremen;
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— 31? —
— General Gardening Exhibition at Essen on Ruhr; — North West
German Industrial Exhibition at Bremen ; — Industrial Exhibition iit
Cologne; ■ — International Dog Show at Nuremberg; — Agricul-
tural Exhibition at Nuremberg; — German Bakery Exhibition at
Wurzburg; — - Bird Show at Fiirth; — ■ Bird Show of the Society
" Canaria" at Aitenburg; — Inauguration of the Artistic Fountain
at Nuremberg; — 90* Birthday of Field Marshal Count Mohlfe; —
Bismarck (i 1 5 mill, in diam) ; — Souvenir of the Passion Play at
Oberammergau (sev, var.); — J. M, Schleyer; — Medal of the
Schlaraffia Berolina; — Inauguration of a monument to Mart,
BehaimatNuremberg;~D^ Robert Koch ;■ — Death of William III.,
King of Holland; — TheRiickert Monument at Schweinfurt; — 25.
Anniversary of the Cistercian Convent " Waldsassen " ; — Leo von
Caprivi; — - Christening Medal; — Prince-Regent Leopold of
Bavaria ; — Inauguration of the new Town Hail at Nuremberg ; —
Imperial Military Manoeuvres in Silesia; — Silver Wedding of Herr
Bunger; — Luther and the Wartburg; — Max Alphons PfyfFer; —
Scharrer Marriage Medal ; — Maanviljelys Nayttelo Kajanissa; —
St. Otto, Bishop of Bamberg; — Martin Behaim ; — Marriage Medai
of Albert and Margaretha of Thurn and Taxis (sev, var.); —
Ullmann, Reitzenstein, Ottensooser, and Kugler Marriage Medals;
1891. Launching of H.M.S. Royal Sovereign and H.M.S. Royal
Arthur; — Visit of the Emperor William II. and Empress to
London; — Henry Irving; — Bird Show of the Dresden "Geflu-
gelziichter" Society; — Bird Show at Erlangen; — Exhibition of
the Geneva Convention, at Dresden; ■ — Horticultural and Viticul-
tural Exhibition at Metz ; — Health Exhibition at Halle a. S, ; ■ —
Agricultural Exhibition at Chemnitz i. S.; — Hop Show at
Spalt; — Bird Show at Kitzingen; — Agricultural Exhibition at
Heidelberg; — Bird Show at Sulzbach; — Canary Show at
M.-Gladbach; — Bird Show at Dresden; — Canary Show at
Grimma 1. S. ; -— Industrial Exhibition at Rothenburg-o-T. ; —
Empress Augusta Victoria of Germany ; — Birth of Prince Joachim
Franz Humbert of Prussia ; — ■ 70''' Birthday of the Prince Regent
of Bavaria; — Schlaraffia Norimberga; — The Emperor William
Memorial at "Meuselwitz; — 75''' Anniversary of the Field-Artillery
Regiment of Holtzendorf; — 25''' Anniversary of the reign of King
Carol of Roumania; — Sociedad cooperativa of Madrid; — Pil-
grims' Badges of Ratisbon, Lourdes, etc. ; — Sixth Centenary of
the Swiss Confederation ; — Death of Count Moltke (sev. types) ;
— The United Lodges (Masonic) of Breslau; — Jubilee Medal of
ViUeroy&Boch, Mettlach; — William 11. and his Consort; — The
Empress Augusta Victoria; — Alex, von Dachenhausen; — Birthday
of D' Kisch; — Emin Pacha and William 11. ; — Jur. D' E. F.
Locroy; — Deaf and Mute Institution "Hephata" at Dresden;
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■ — Kopf, and Bchl Marriage Medals; — H. W. von Horn; — Cen-
tenary of the Polish Constitution ; — ■ Jan Dckert ; — Inauguration
of the Essen ' ' Kriegerdenkmal " ; — Dr. Karol Marcinkowski ; —
20''' Anniversary of the German Empire; ■ — Dresden Nnmismatic
Congress; — Marriage Medal of D"" Berhn; — First year of the
Queen of Holland's reign ; — Moritz Himly ; — i8|?2. Agricultural
and Industrial Exhibition at Gommern; — Indusirial Exhibition
at Schweidniiz; — Fisheries Exhibition at Nuremberg; — Agri-
cultural Exhibition at Dienze ; — Bakery Exhibition at Altena i.
W. ; — Bird Show at Nuremberg; — Lord Tennyson, poet
laureate of England (signed I. R. T, for J. Rochelle Thomas, the
issuer); — Rifle Meeting at Claris; — Marriage of the Duke of
York; — Golden Wedding oi Baron Otto V. Lieres u. Wilkau;
— Marriage of Paul Joseph, numismatist, of Frankfort-on-M. ; —
Birth of Stephanie von Neufvitle; — Inauguration of the Victor
Emmanuel Monument ; — Electricity Exhibition at St Petersburg ;
— Georg Baritin ; — Weigang Bautzen ; — Christopher Columbus
(sev. var.); — Reichard Marriage Medal; — G. Glafey ; — Petersen
Memorial; — Dresden, Albert Society; — 1S93. Jubilee Exhibition
ofthe Horticultural Society of Rudolstadt; — Dog Show at Coethen-
Anhalt; — National Exhibition of the Thuringian Horticultural
Society, at Gotha; — Fruit and Gardening Showat Breslau ; —
Agricultural Exhibition at Dusseldorf : — Food Scuffs and Cookery
Exhibition at Cologne ; — ■ Industrial Exhibition at Magdeburg ; —
Incernacional Bakery Exhibition at Mayence ; — Industrial and Food
Stuffs Exhibition at Magdeburg ; — Jubilee Exhibition of the Horti-
cultural Society " Feronia " at Dresden ; — Agricultural Exhibition
at Metz; -— Jubilee Eshibition of the Horticultural Society of
Rudolstadt; — Bird Show at Schwabach ; — Furnishing Exhibition
at Berlin ; — Exhibition of Hotel proprietors at Wanzlebe» ; — Food
Stuffs Exhibition at Magdeburg; — Health Exhibition at Geneva;
— First German Honey and Wax, also Food Stuffs Exhibition at
Hanover; — Continental Export Trades Exhibition at London
(3 types); — Horticultural Exhibition at Erfurt; — Christopher
Columbus ; — The Columbus Celebrations ; — D' Essenwein ; —
Inauguration of the new Post Office at Geneva; — Swiss Cychsts'
Association's Meeting at Lucerne ; — J. E. Dufour, National Coun-
cillor of Geneva; — Louis Ruchonnet, Federal Councillor; —
World's Columbian Exposition (large medallion by F. Koenig) ; —
Accession of Duke Alfred of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha ; — Albrecht
Diirer Memorial; — 6"' Centenary of the family of Count von
Pfeil u. Klein- Ellgut ; — The Chicago World's Fair; — D'' Kopp;
— Col. Cody, King of Cow-boys; — 1894. Visit of William II.
to England; — Winter Sports Exhibition at Miirzzuschlag; —
International Exhibition of Amateur Photographers; — Cookery
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;ind Bakery lixhibitiou at l^nuikfort-on-M. ; — Hsposi/ione-Concuiso
internazionale per Invenzioni e Novita ac Venice; — Agricultural
Exhibition at Windsheim ; — Westphalian Hunting Exhibition at
Miinster; — International Exhibition at Brussels; — Horticultural
Exhibition at Mayence; — Horse Show at Dresden ; — Interna-
tional Exhibition at Dresden ; — Food Scuffs Exhibition at Kiel ; —
Cookery Exhibition at Plauen ; — Exposition commerciale ec ali-
mentaire at Antwerp; — Mining and Industrial Exhibition at
Freiberg ; — Bakery Exhibition at Nuremberg; — -Liverpool Inter-
national Exhibition; — Industrial Exhibition at Straubing; —
Industry, Trade and Fine Arts Exhibition at Liverpool; — Death
of Alexander III, of Russia; — Third Centenary of Roland de
Lassus; — Third Centenary of Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden j —
Jubilee Medals oi Taddeus-Kosciuszko, Halle, Wittenberg, Hara-
burg-Ritzebiittel, Weissenfels, etc.; — Rifle-Meetings at Firth,
Neuraarkt, Thun, Crimniitschau, Eupen, Neumunster, &c.; —
Choral and other Festivals at Lyons, Ilanz, Lugano, Niederlahnstein,
Budelsdorf, Unna, &c.; — Exhibitions &c., at Antwerji, Yverdon,
Murnau, Grafing-Glonn, &c. ; — Cantonal Choral :Fescival at Neu-
chkel; — Fourth .Centenary of Hans Sachs; — Reconciliation of
William II., with Prince Bismarck; — Rudolf, Count Hertzberg;
— Golden Wedding of Rem. v. Woyrsch; — FSte of Athletic
Sports at Breslau ; — Prof. Michael Sachs; — Gladstone; — D'
med. W: Beckh ; — D-- Hach ; — D^ Reinhold ; — Alexander III.
of Russia; — Gnstav Adolph; — 1895. Jubilee Exhibition of the
" Cypria " Society at Berlin ; — Bird Show at Lanf ; — Esposizione
internationale d'Igiene ed Alimentazione at Rome; — Bird Show
at Fiirth; — X. Riile Meeting ot the Silesian Society of Sharp
Shooters at Breslau; — Dog Show at Miigeln; — Show of the
Kynological Society at Dresden ; — Rifle Meeting at Salzwedel; —
Bakery Exhibition at Dessau; — Bird Show at Volkingen ; —
XIV. Rhenan Rifle Meeting at Dusseldorf; — XV. Saxon Pro-
vincial Rifle Meeting at Cothen ; — Exhibition at Landau ; — Rifle
Association of Riesa ; — Apicultural Society Exhibition at Leipzig ;
— Jubilee Exhibition of Grunhainingen Industrial Society; —
Sporting Exhibition at Berlin ; — Horticultural Exhibitions at
Magdeburg and Munnerstadt; — Photographic Exhibition at
Munich; — Bird Show at Schwabach ; — Fruit and Gardening
Exhibition at Schweinfurt ; — International Foodstuff's Exhibition
at Bremen; — Health Exhibition at Dresden; — Industrial Exhibi-
tion at Alsfeld ; — National Exhibition at Vaduz ; — 25 . Anniver-
sary of the German Empire (sev. var.); — -Inauguration of the Law
Courts at Leipzig; — Opening of the Kiel Canal (sev. var.); —
Federal Rifle Meeting at Winterthur; — The New Post Office at
Frankfort-on-M.; — Duke Alfred of Saxe-Coburg, Life-saving
- S/ojraffjf™/ Nolii
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— 322 —
medal ; — 1896. Bird Show at Erlangcn ; — Bird Show at Kitzingen ;
— Rifle Meeting alBreslau; — HorticulturalExhibitioiiat Wiirzhurg;
— International " Preis-Concurrenz " Exhibition at Berlin; —
Cookery Exhibition at Berlin ; — Bird Show at Forth ; — Horti-
cultural Exhibition at Kaiserslautern; — VIII. Thuringian District
Rifle Meeting at Waltershausen ; — German Locksmiths' Exhibition
at Mayeiice; — Horticultural Society of Wernigerode ; — - Apicul-
tural Exhibition at Hohenstein; — Bakery Exhibition at Frankfort-
on-M. ; — Agricultural Exhibition at Ebern ; — International Dog
Show at Nuremberg ; — Hanoverian Fruit Show at Osnabruck; —
Agricultural Exhibitions at Saarlouis, Dorfen, etc.; — and medals
of various other German provincial Exhibitions ; — Swiss National
Exhibition at Geneva; — ■ National Bavarian Exhibition at Nurem-
berg; — Henri Dunant, Founder of the Geneva " Red Cross"
Institution; — Third Centenary of the settlement of the Johnston
family in Saxony; — Berlin Labour Conference; — -Duke Alfred
of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha's Prize Medal for Arts and Sciences ; — Bodas
de Plata ; — Louis Victor Schwartz ; — The Gauga Savan commem-
orative medal; — Harris Award for Economical Cookery; —
1897. Kynological Society of Dresden ; — III. International Dog
Show at Frankfort- on-M. ; — Cookery Exhibition at Barmen ; —
International Exhibition at Biiden ; — XII. German Federal Rifle
Meeting at Nuremberg ; ^- Rifle Meeting at Berlin ; — Fox Terrier
Club of Berlin ; — Saxon Industrial Exhioition at Leipzig; -^ Nur-
sery and Health Exhibition at Nymphenburg; — Bakery Exhibi-
tion at Burg; — ■ XV. " Deutscher Malertag" at Nuremberg; —
Agricultural Society of Chateau-Salins; — October "Rifle Mee-
ting" at Munich; — Agricultural Exhibition at Altenburg; —
International Cat Show at Munich; — Association of Carrier
Pigeons "Eilbote" ; — Foodstuffs Exhibition at Berlin ; — Asso-
ciation of German and Austrian Amateur Photographers ; — Bird
Show at Berlin ; — Opening of the Bavarian Industrial Museum at
Munich; — Reinhold Begas (ilhistrated) ; — Visit of the German
Emperor to Francis Joseph I. at Budapest ; — Sebastian Kneipp ; —
" Furstentag" at Wurzburg; — Von Stephan, German Imperial
Post-master; — -Diamond Jnbilee of Queen Victoria; — Gymnasial
Fourth Centenary of Melanchton ; — Imperial Parade at Nuremberg
after the Bavarian nianceuvres; — Michael Fisschofl^; ■ — Golden
Wedding of Prince Hugo von Hohenlohe-Oehringen ; — Death of
Sebastian Kneipp ; — 1898. International Exhibition of Amateur-
Photographers at Flensburg; — First Acetylene Exhibition at
Berlin ; — Cookery Exhibition at Munich ; — Bakery Exhibition at
Altenburg; ■ — Dog Show at Ratisbon ; — National Exhibition at
Gotha; ™ II. International Cat Show at Munich ; — Exhibition for
improved dressing of ladies at Berlin; — Music Exhibition at
,stsd by Google
— 323 —
Berlin; — IlortkuhumI [ixliibiiion at Soiineberg; — - 25''' Anni-
versary of the reign of King Albert ofiaxony; —Boxes of imita-
tion counters of the currency of Austria-Hungary^ England, France,
Switzerland, Germany, Italy, Russia, Roumania, Bulgaria, Servia,
Turkey, Spain, Portugal and Greece; — -Jubilee of Francis Joseph I.,
Emperor of Austria (sev. var.); — Death of Prince Bismarck (sev.
var.); — Association of the Empress Elizabeth; — Felix Pick, of
Breslau ; — Otto, Prince of Stolberg-Wernigerode ; — Accession
of Queen Wilhelmina ; — Martha, Baroness von Gersdorf; — ■ The
Austro-Germarj Alpine Club; — WilUam II. 's 10"' year of reign ;
— Humbert I, of Italy ; - - Georg Lang, Director of the Reichshalien-
Theater; — 4''' Centenary of the Discovery of Brazil; — Berthold
von Ploetz; — 1899- Visit of WilUam II. to King Humbert of
Italy (sev. var.); -— J. W. v. Goethe (sev. var.); — Manoeuvres
of the Swiss First Army Corps; — Peace Conference at The Hague;
— Paul Kruger, President of the South African Republic; — Boer
Victories over the English; — 80''' Birthday of Hermann Sette-
gast; —Inauguration ot Duke Ernest II. of Saxe-Coburg's Monu-
ment; — Health Exhibition at Dresden ; — Foodstuffs Exhibition
at Chemnitz; — Various Christening iMedals ; — Fisheries Exhibi-
tion at Neuburg-on-R. ; — VI. National Bird Show at Berhn; —
2;. Anniversary of the Austro-German Alpine Club; — Health
Exhibition at Altona; — President Kruger; — 70''' Birihday of
King Albert of Saxony; — Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of
Saxony; — L. F. Gebert, of Nuremberg; — Gebruder Zippelius;
— G. E. Andree, of Utrecht; — Painters' Congress at Kiel; —
Liibeck Exhibition; — Robert Zelle ; — Gutenberg; — ■ Visit of
the Society of German Engineers to the Lauer Mint; — Exhibition
at Harburg ; — ■ Exhibition at Breslau ; — Bernhard Dondorf ; —
Martin Kirschner; — Memorial Medal ot Bismarck; ~ 1900.
Delarey ; — De Wet ; — The New Century ; — President Kruger ;
— Luther Festivities at Hagen i. W, ; — Hamburg Club Prize
Medal; — Gutenberg Celebrations; — Luther Festivities at Erfurt ;
— Leipzig Society for the Public welfare; — National Cat Show
at Nuremberg; — William II. 's presence at the Biberich Regattas ;
— Frederick, Dukeof Anhalt; — Berlin Regatta Club; — Hanover
Industrial Exhibition; — Health Exhibition at Frankfort-on M. ;
— ■ 1901. The Twentieth Century; — Death of Queen Victoria;
— Accession of Edward VII. ; — Colonial Tour of the Prince and
Princess of Wales; — South African War "Peace Medal"; —
1902. Coronation of Edward VII.;— Coronation of Edward VII.
and Alexandra (various sizes); — Jubilee of the " German isches
Museum " at Nuremberg; — Accession of King George of Saxony;
— President Kruger; — To Ludwig Metzger of Nuremberg; —
1903. Jubilee of Leo XIII. ; — Death of Leo XIII. ; — The Con-
,stsd by Google
— 334 —
clave, and CardiiiLil Orcglia; — Accession of Pius X. (various
types);— German Physical Drill Competition at Nuremberg; —
1904. The Kant Celebrations; — Death of Count Waldersee ; —
1905. SchiUer, Centenary Medals (various types) ; — Adolf Menze!,
painter, Memorial medal ; — Marriage medal of the German Crown
Prince with Princess Gieciha of Mecklenburg; — ■ Accession of
Duke Charles Edward of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha; — Marriage of Duke
Cbarles Edward of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, &c.
Lauer's Prize Medals for Athletic Sports, Cycling, Foot Ball
Clubs, Souvenir Medals and Plaquettes to commemorate Births,
Christenings, Marriages, Sec, are of very good style. The firm has
also issued Medical medals, such as : Gesellen-Hospitz, Nuremberg ;
— Cologne Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to animals; —
" Sanitats-Colonie", Berlin; — Health Exhibition Prize Medals, &c.
J. C. Bennert, Bisviarrk-Medailleti, describes no less than 102
Porirait-medals of Prince Bismarck by Lauer.
By Lauer are further : Poiti iit-medals and phquettcs ot Compo-
sers (various sizes) : Job. Seb. Bach; — L. v. Beethoven; — H.
Berlioz; — Fr. Chopin; — ■ Chr. W. Gluck; — Gg. F. Handel; — ■
Jos, Haydn ; — Franz Liszt ; — Felix Mendelsohn-Bartlioldy ; —
W. A. Mozart; — R. Schumann; — Job. Strauss; — — F. P.
Schubert; — G. Verdi; — Rich. Wagner; — K. M. v. Weber;
— Portrait-medals of Artists, Scientists, and other celebrities :
Ernest IL, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha; — Franz Xaver Witt; —
Jenny Lind; — Rudolf Hach; — Prince Bismarck; ■ — Count
Moltke; — Princess of Schauniburg-Lippe; — Lord Roberts; —
General Kitchener ; — General Baden-Powell ; ■ — Prof. D' Gustav
Jiiger ; — - Cardinal D' Kopp ; — Hans Sachs; — ■ Albert Lortzing ;
— The R' Hon'''' Joseph Chamberlain; — Lord Tennyson; —
Lord Salisbury ; — Schiller (sev. var.) ; — Goethe (sev. var.); —
Kant ; — Prince Bliicher von Wahbtadt; — Henri Dunant, of
Geneva; — D'Wilheim Beckh, of Nuremberg; — D^ Julius Cnopf,
,;.Goo'^lc
— 325 —
of Nuremberg; — D' Wolfgang Mack, of Furth; — D' Gustav
Nachtigall, of Eichstadt ; — D' Reinhoid, of Bamberg; — D' Chris-
tian Schusseler, of Wildenfels; — Sebastian Kneipp ; ^ Nicolaus
Friedrich Peter, Grand Duke of Oldenburg ; — King Charles of
WiJrtcemberg; — Ludwig, Prince of Bavaria; — Luitpold, Prince
Regent of Bavaria; — Dnlie Ernest of Saxe Coburg-Gotha; — King
Ludwig II. of Bavaria ; — The Empress Augusta Victoria ana
Crov^n Prince William; —Ad. Mickiewicz; — Count Caprivi ; —
Jo« Bratiann ; — D' Gustav Jaeger; — Alfonso XIII. of Spain ; —
Prince Hohenlohe, Chancellor of State; — Max Heidegger; —
Rud. von Delbriick ; — William I. of Germany; — The Empress
Augusta Victoria; — Alhrecht Dilrer; — Queen Victoria; —
Princess Adolphine of Schaumburg-Lippe; — Oscar II. of Sweden ;
■ — Dr. Theodorvon Kramer; — Gabelsberger ; — Frithjof Naiisen;
— Duke Alfred and Duchess Marie of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha; —
Victor von Scheffel ; — King Albert of Saxony ; — Francis Joseph I. ;
— The Empress Elizabeth of Austria; — Frederick III. of Germany;
— Queen Wilhelmina; — Umberto I.; — Count Waldersee; ■ —
Prince Henry of Prussia ; ■ — Leo XIII. ; — Pius X. ; — Andreas
Hofer; — Gutenberg ; — A. v. Chamisso; — Schiller; — Heinrich
Heine ; — Nicholas II. ; — The Empress Alexandra of Russia ; — ■
The Prince of Wales; — The Princess of "Wales; — Charles
Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxony; — Ludwig Chr. Friedr. Lauer;
— Franz Friedr. Clemens Martin Lauer; — Count Waldersee, &c.
Bibliography. Injormation kindly supplied by Mr. E. Sssck, Represeiitaiife oj
MM. Lauer in London. — Various Numisiitnlic Riviews, Sale Catalogues &c.
LADER, WOLFGANG (Germ.). Contemporary Medallist and a
member of the Nuremberg firm of L. CHR. LAOER, since 1883. To
him should be attributed a great many of the medals issued by the
Lauer establishment during the last twenty years.
h&TJTENBECK (Auslr.). Mint-engraver at Prague, i:irc. 1829.
LAUFENBECKorLAUFFENBOCK, IQSEW/mZEL (Aiislr.). Probably
the father of the last; Mint-engraver at Vienna, 1 781- [793, then at
Gunzburg-Hall, 1793-1806.
BiiiLioGRAPHY. — KuU, II, 710. — Katalog &c.
LAUFFER, CARL GOTTLIEB (Gnm.). Mint-master at Nuremberg,
1 746- 1 75 5. Franks &Grueber call him an Engraver (Vide Med. III.,
II, 730). A Thaler of Hall (Suabia), 1746, is signed C.G.L. It is
probable that all the LaufTers, -whose names I record here, had
connection with die-sinking, and were Counter-manufacturers by
trade. Carl Gottlieb LaufFer was a son of Caspar Gottlieb Lauffer,
and is said to have left Nuremberg, abankrnpt, for Berhn, in 1755,
where he was still living in 1769, and attained to some reputation.
Bibliography. — Araiiion, op.cit. — Gtbett-Niirnberg, Geschichleder Miiiipidlle
der Reichsladl Niirnherg, iSyi .
,,C.oo(^lc
- 326 -
LAUFFER, CASPAR GOTTLIEB (Germ.). Son of L^^anis Gottlieb
Lauffer; Mint- master at Nuremberg, and Mint- warden to the District
ot Franconia, 1700-1745. Franks & Grueber mention that "he
appears to be often confused with Carl Gottlieb Lauffer, the
engraver ", and give the description of a medal, issncd by him, on
the Capture of Tournay, 1709, engraved by Martin Brunner, and
bearing the initials C,G.L.
Caspar GottUeb LaufFer published in 1742 a Catalogue of medals
issued by him, in conjunction probably writh Lazarus Gottlieb
Lauffer, Johann Gottlieb Lauffer, and Friedrich Kleinert. To this
series of medals contributed not only the Lauffers, but also Martin
Brunner, Georg Hautsch, Friedr. Kleinert, P. H. MiiUer, G. W.
Vestner, Werner, C, Wermuth, and other artists. C. G. Lauffer
evidently possessed the dies, as he offered to supply the medals in
gold, silver, copper or tin, in any number.
From this Catalogue (Das Lauffmsche Medailhn-Cabinet oder
VefT^eichniss aller Medaillm, wekhe scwohl die hisUmschen Begebenhdien
von A. i6-j^, biss A. 1742 ah auch andere CbrisiUch und MoraHsche
Betrachtungen, nehst der voUhmmenm Rsihe der Romischen Pdpste
enthaltm. Und noch itxo beslandig \ufinden, hi Nilrenberg bey Caspar
Gottlieb Lauffern, Des Hoch^IJbl. Franckiscben Kreises Mtmx-Rath
und General-Munts^^-Waradin, 1742). I extract a list of the principal
medals advertised for sale by C. G. Lauffer, aud which could be
had either in gold, silver, copper or tin : 1679. Peace of Nimwe-
gen; — 1680. The great Comet; — 16S3. Siege of ihe Imperial
residence at Vienna; — General Count von Starnberg; — Siege of
Vienna by the Turks, and Relief (2 var.); — Count von
Starnberg, Protector of the city ot Vienna ; -—1685. Capture of the
fortress of Neuheussel (4 var.); — Turkish Defeat at Gran and
Capture of Neuheussel (2 var.); ^ Venice conquers the Kingdom
of Morea ; — Progress of tlie Imperial arms and Capture of several
fortified towns in Hungary; — 1686. Capture of Ofen in Hun-
gary (6 var.) ; — French Wars against the Dutch ; — Hamburg
liberated from the Danes; — Venetian Victories; — Victories ot
Leopold L in Hungary; — Venetian Successes against the Turks
(Reimmann Cat., n" 9686); — 1687. The Venetian Republic; —
Hungarian Coronation of Joseph I. (4 var.); — Victories of
Leopold I. over the Turks (2 var.); — Defeat of the Turks at
Mohacz(3 var.); — Turkish D.-feat at Siclos; — Pope Innocent XL;
— Venetian Victories over the Turks; — Venice conquers the
Dardanelles; — The Czar's Alliance with Turkey; — 1688.
Capture of Stuhlweissenburg (2 var.); — Francesco Morosini,
Doge of Venice; — Max. Emmanuel of Bavaria; — Capture
of Belgrade (4 var.); — French Invasion of the Palatinate; —
Prince Elector John George III. of Saxony; — 1689, Pope Alexan-
der VIU. (2 var.); - Joseph Clemens, Prince Elector of Cologne;
,,C.oo(^lc
— 327 ~
— William III, of Great Britain (engraved by P. IJ, Miiller and
F. Kleinert); — Coronation of William III. (2 var., by tlie same
engravers); — King and Queen William and Mary; — Maxim.
Emanuel, Prince-Elector of Bavaria (2 var.); — Frederick III. of
Brandenburg, Siege of Bonn; — Capture of Kaiserswert, Rheinberg
and Bonn by Frederick III. of Brandenburg; — Victories over ihe
Turks by Leopold I. and Markgrave Ludwig of iiaden ; — Mark-
grave Lndwig of Baden ; — The French repulsed ; — Capture of
Mayence(2 var.) ; ^ Defeat of the French and Capture of Mayence;
— The Duke of Schomberg; — Leopold L and King Joseph; —
Coronation of the Empress Eleonora and Joseph, King of the
Romans (2 var.); — Roman Coronation of Joseph I. (5 var.); —
Capture of the city and fortress of Canischa (2 var.); — Venetian
Capture of Napolt di Malvasia; — The Grand Duke of Tuscany;
— Death of Charles V., Duke of Lorraine ; — 1691- Congress of
the Allied Princes ar The Hague under the presidency of William III.
(3 var., by P. H. Moller and F. Kleinert); — Irelandsubdued(2var.);
— Pope Innocent XII, (2 var.) ; — Turkish Defeat at Salankemen
(3 var.); — John George HI. of Saxony; — Christian Ernest, Mark-
grave of Brandenburg-Culmbach ; — 1692. Prince Elector Max.
Emmanuel ofBavaria, as Governor-general of the Spanish Netherlands
(3 var.); — John George IV., Prince Elector ofSaxony; — Anglo-
Dutch Victories over the French (4 var.); — Capture of the fortress
of Gross Waradein (2 var.) ; — 1693. Unsuccessful Siege of Rheinfels
by the French; — Sicily visited by an Earthquake; — Markgrave
Ludwig of Baden; — Empress Eleonora; — 1694. The English
bombard the French sea-coast ; — Victories of the allied Christian
Princes against the Turks ; — Capture of Peterwaradein ; — Vene-
tian Victories of Ciclur and Chios; — Frederick Augustus, Prince
Elector of Saxony ; — 1695 ■ Johann Heinrich Horbiura, theologian
of Hamburg ; — Capture of Casale ; — Lothar Francis, Prince Elector
of Mayence; — Capture of Namur(2 var ); — 1697. Peace of Rys-
wick(3 var., owt illustrated); — Augustus, King of Poland (2 var.);
— Victory over the Turks at Zeuta; — Alsatian towns surrendered to
France by the Treaty of Ryswick ; — Marriage of King Joseph with
Princess Amalie of Brunswick (2 var.) ; — Marriage of George
William, hereditary Prince of Brandenburg-Culmbach withPrincess
Sophia ofSaxony; — Armistice with the Turks; — Amelioration
of the Julian Calendar; — 1700. Birth of a son to King Joseph
(2 var.) ; ■ — The Northern Peace ; — Swedish Victories over the
Russians; — Pope Clement XI. ; — The New Century (2 var.);
— Birth of Prince Leopold; — 1701. Coronation of Frederick,
Prince Elector of Brandenburg, as King of Prussia (2 var.); — 1702.
Capture of Landau ; — Anglo-Dutch Naval Victories at Vigo; —
Count von Hatzfeld; — Prince Eugene of Savoy; — Markgrave
Ludwig of Baden; — 1703- Marriage of Markgrave Christian
,.Goo(^[c
- 328 -
Ernest of Bnindeiibarg-Culmbach with the Duchess of Curland ;
— 1704- British Victories (2 var., one by P. H. Miiller, clie other
by G. Hauisch) ; — The Duke ot Marlborough and the Engagement
of Hochstatt (Battle of Blenheim, by G. Hautsch) ; — Prince
Eugene ot Savoy and Battle of Blenheim ; — Buttle of Blenheim
(signed : F. K., Friedrich Kleinert); — Imperial Successes in Siiabia
a.m Bavaria; — General Field Marshal Baron von Thinigen, and
Capture ofUlm; — Victories in Suabia; — Capture of Schellen-
berg; — Capture of Landau (2 var.); — Fredeiick, Landgrave of
Hesse, and Capture of Gravenburg; — 1705. Death of Leopold
and Accession of Joseph L (3 var.); — Ciipture of Barcelona by
King Charles HI. of Spain; ~ 1706. English Victories, LVDO-
VICVS MAGNVS-ANNA MAIOR; — Another; ^. Abimelech
smitten with a stone beneath tower ; — Relief of Barcelona ; —
The Duke of Marlborough's Victories in the Spanish Netherlands;
— Siege of Barcelona by the Duke of Anjou; — Charles 111. of
■%
',':. ici; ol Ryswick, 1697.
Spain enters MLkiiiJ. ; — Amadeus II., Duke of Savoy, and Siege
of Turin; — Prince Eugene of Savoy and his Successes in Italy;
— Conclusion of Peace between Poland and Sweden; — 1707.
Surrender of Naples to the Imperial Army ; — George Louis, Duke
of Brunswick-Liineburg takes over the command of the Imperial
Army; — 1708. Siege ofRyssel; — Capture [of Ryssel (2 var.);
— Battle of Audenarde (2 var.) ; ■ — Capture of Ghent ; — The
Electoral College of Hanover ; — Baron von Strahlenheim, Swedish
plenipotentiary; — Marriage of King Frederick I, of Prussia with
Sophia Ludovica, Princess of Mecklenburg; — 1709. Capture of
Dornick (2 var.); — Successful Campaign in the Spanish Nether-
lands; — Settlement of differences between the Emperor and Pope
Clement XL; — Defeat of the French at Mons; — 17 10. Capture
of Douay; — - Capture of Douay, Bethune, St. Venant and Aire ;
— Charles III. enters Madrid; — Birth of the Prince of Orange;
I I- o,Goot^lc
— ■ Battle ot Lerida ; — Victories in Catalonia and Aragon; ™
Swedish Victory at Helsingborg; — Peter the Great; — ^ Charles XII.
of Sweden at Bender in Turkey'; — 1711. Death of the Emperor
Joseph I, (2Viir.); — Concord in Great Britain (by P. H. Miiller);
— Election of Charles VL (6 var.) ; — Coronation of Charles VI.
(6 var.) ; — ReHef of Cordova; — Return of Charles VI. from
Spain; — Loth. Francis, Prince Elector of Mayence (7 var.);
— 1712. Charles VI.'s visit to Nuremberg (5 var.); — Capture of
Quesnoy ; — Hungarian Coronation at Pressbure (3 var.); — 1713-
Return of the Empress EUzabeth Christina from Catalonia; —
1714. Hamburg relieved from the Plague (2 var.); — Vienna
relieved from the Plague ; — Preliminaries ot the Peace of
Rastatt (5 var.) ; — Peace of Baden (4 var.) ; — Proclamation of
King George I. of Great Britain ; — Landing of George I. in
England ; — Coronation of George I. (by Johawo Gottlieb Lauffer) ;
— Return of Charles XII. to Sweden ; — Death of Anton Ulrich,
Duke of Brunswick -Liineburg (2 var.) ; — Proclamation at Blanck-
enburg of Duke Ludwig Rudolph of Brunswick-Luneburg; —
Proclamation of the Duchess Christina Ludovica; — Birth of Prince
Anton Ulrich; — 171 5. Return of Max. Emmanuel, Prince Elector
of Bavaria, to his dominions (2 var.); — Death of Louis XIV;
— Return of Charles XII. to Sweden ; — The Duke of Orleans,
Regentof France; — Duke Ludwig Rudolph of Brunswick-Luneburg
(5 var.); — Death of Charlotta Christiana Sophia Czarowizia,
daughter of Lud. Rudolph ; — Sophia Louisa, Princess of Oettingen ;
— Prince Albert Ernest of Oettingen; — 1716. Pregnancy of the
Empress Elizabeth Christiana; — Louis XV. and the Regent; — -
Birth of Prince Leopold (9 var.); — Battle of Peterwardein ; —
Capture of Temeswar (2 var.) ; — Victory over the Turks between
the Danube and the Sau (2 var.); — 1717. Capture of Belgrade;
— Imperial Victory at Belgrade (4 var.) ; — The deplorable Wars
between Christian princes; — Inundations at Hamburg; — Second
Centenary of the Refotmation (11 var.); — Cardinal Albani,
CamerUngo; — 1718. Armistice with the Turks; — Imperial
Successes \n Sicily; — Accession of Queen Ulrica Eleonora of
Sweden; — Peace of Passarowitz (3 var.); — Naval Victory oif
Syracuse; — ■ Victories of the year 1718; — Defeat of the Spanish
Fleet at Syracuse; — Death of Charles XII. (seven varieties); —
Inauguration of the Egidius Church at Nuremberg; — 1719-
Capture of Messina; ■ — Election of Clement Augustus of Bavaria
as Bishop of ivliinsrer and Paderborn ; — Coronation of Queen
Ulrica Eleonora of Sweden; — Hamburg Jubilee Festivities ; —
1720. Coronation of King Frederick of Sweden; ^ Consecration
of Bishop John Philip Francis of Wurzburg; — Coronation of Fred-
erick and Ulrica Eleonora of Sweden ; — ■ Death of the Empress
Eleonora Magdalena Theresia ; — ■ Birth of a Prince of Saxony ; — ■
,/ Google
— 330 —
1721- Election of Pope laiiocent XIII. ; — - St. John Ncpomuc.
(2 var.); — Death of Pope Clement XI. (2 var.); — G^ronation of
Pope Innocent XIII. ; — 1722. Coronation of Louis XV. ; — Mar-
riage of the Prince Elector of Bavaria Cliarles Albert with the Aus-
trian Archduchess Maria Amalia (2 var.); — Death of the Duke of
Marlborough (by G. W. Vestner) ; — Marriage of Prince Charles
Emmanuel Victor of Sardinia with Princess Anna Christina Louisa
of the Palatinate; — 1723. Coronation of the Emperor Charles VI.
and Empress at Prague (3 var,); — Pregnancy of the Empress
Elizabeth Christina ; — Death of WiUiam Frederick, Markgrave of
Brandenburg-Onohzbach ; — 1724- Conlinemenr of the Empress
Elizabeth Christina; — Birth of the Archduchess Maria Amalia Caro-
lina (2 var.); — Election of Pope Benedict XIII. ; — Accession of
Clement Augustus, Prince Elector of Cologne; — The Cologne-
MCinster Canal; — Sede Vacante at Hildesheim ; — 1725. Marriage
of Queen Maria Leczinska; — Peace of the Pyrenees; — D. B. W.
Marperger; — Marriage of Louis XV. and Maria Leczinska; —
1726. Death of George William, Markgrave of Brandenburg; —
Accession of George Frederick Charles, Markgrave of Brandenburg-
Bayreuth (2 var.); — 1727. Coronation of George 11. and Char-
lotte of Great Britain ; ■ — Relationship betv^feen the Ducal house ot
Brunswick and the Imperial house of Russia; — 1728. Joseph
Renatus, Imperial Cardinal; — Cardinal Saci'ipanti; — Cardinal
Abdua ; — Death of the Russian Grand Duchess Nathalie;— 1729.
Marriage of the Markgrave of Brandenburg-Anspach with Princess
Frederica Louisa of Prussia; — Death of Loth. Francis, Prince
Elector of Mayence ; — 1730. Second Centenary of the Confession
of Augsburg (17 var.); — 1731. Duke Ludwig Rudolph of
Brunswick-Lijneburg; — 1732. Dutch Camp at Breda; — The
Salzburg Emigrants (9 var.); — Accession of Duke Ludwig Rudolph
ofBrunswick-Wolffenbiittel; — ■ 1733. Shooting F£te atNuremberg;
— Election of King Frederick Augustus of Poland ; — 173 4' Capture
of the camp of the Alhes on the river Secchia; —Marriage of Wilh.
Charles Henry Friso, Priiice of Nassau-Orange with the Crown-
princess of Great Britain; — Duke Ludwig Rudolph of Brnnswick-
Liineburg (2 var.); — 1735. Peace between the Roman Emperor
and the King of France; — Death of Duke Ludwig Rudolph of
Brunswick-Luneburg (2 var.); — 1736- Marriage of Duke Francis
of Lorraine with Maria Theresia (2 var.); — Anne, Czarina of
Russia; — Death of Prince Eugene of Savoy; — 1737. Peace
between France, Spain and Sardinia (2 var.); — 1738. Satirical
medal of Brunswick; — 1739. Count von Miinch, Russian general;
— Peace between Russia and Turkey ;— 1740. Death of CharlesVI. ;
— Death of Anne of Russia ; — Death of Frederick William of
Prussia; — 1742. Election of Charles VII. at Frankfort (6 var.);
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— Coranation of Charles VII. at Frankfort ; — Coronation of the
Hmperor and Empress, &c.
l^ufFer fiirtiier issued medals of a general character, such as :
Religious medals; — Luther's Catechism (rovar.); — The Lord's
Prayer ; — Christening Medals (13 var.); — New year Souvenirs;
— Birth of Christ ; — Protection of the Holy Angels (2 var.) ; —
The Love of Jesus; — The Christian Cardinal Virtues ; — Faith,
Love and Hope ; — Faith and Love ; — Patience ; — Constancy in
well doing and its Recompense; — Resignation to God's will; —
Gratefulness and Gratitude; — Consideration and Caution ; — The
necessity and usefulness of Work (2 var.); — Wilful Blindness,
Owl wearing spectacles and holding a torch in each claw ; — On
the Obedience of Children (3 var.) ; — True Friendship (4 var.) ;
— Bribery; — Love (7 var.); — Conjugal Love (7 var.); ~
Marriage (7 var.); — Education of Children (2 var.); — Virtues
of young men (by Geo. Hautsch) ; — Virtues of young women
(by the same); — The four Ages of Man; — The good and bad
Habits; ■ — ■ Hope; — Souvenir Medal, etc.
Beside all these, Lauffer edited a series of Portrait-medals of the
Popes, from S' Peter to Benedict XIV. (251 medals), and one of
Jesus Christ, as Head of the Church,
Many of these medals are very common.
LAOFFER, CASPAR THEOPHIL {Germ). A Nuremberg citi^un who
dedicated a medal to Charles VI., on the conclusion of the Peace
of Passarowiiz, 1718, which is one of the last works of
P. H. Mtiller.
LAUFFER, CONRAD (Germ.). Counter-manufacturer at Nuremberg,
during the third quarter of the seventeenth century. "In 1670 he
received a special permission to strike Counters for games and
reckoning. These often bore the busts of European monarchs. "
Among these I have noticed : Charles 11. of Great Britain, 1662
(with ^L. legend : COUNTRRS.CONR.LAUFFERS.RECH :
PFENNING);— Another, 1667,:^. Britannia seated (signed: C,L.R.);
— Louis XIII. (CONRADT-LAVFER-RECHE PFENNM :); —
Louis XIV., several varieties; — Philip IV. of Spain, Ike.
By him is also aPonrait-medal, uniface,of Max Gandolph, Arch-
bishop of Salzburg, undated, and signed : C. L.
Bibliography. — Franks .-iiid Grueber, Mpdallic Ilhisiralioiis, &c. — Neumann,
Beschreibung der hekaiintesleii Kapfermimxen, V, 433, — Sally Rosenberg, Katatog
voii felons, &c.
LAOFFER, CORNELIUS (G^rm.). Counter-manufacturer at Nurem-
berg, circ. 1660-1676. By him are brass Jetons, with busts, of
Louis XIV. , several varieties : (some signed : CORNELIVS LAVFFERS
or COR. ; — CORNE LAVF. ; — COB. L4VF., &c. ; — Charles 11. of
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Great Brium ; — Philip III. of Spain ; — Philip IV. and Louis XIV. ;
— The Dauphin (sev. var. signed C. L, with legends : A DELPHINO
INCOLVMITAS— GALLICVS DELPHINVS, &c.).
Bibliography. ^ As above.
LADFFER, GUNTHER (Germ.). Counter-manufacturer at Nurem-
berg, early part of the seventeenth cenmi'y-
LAUFFER, HANS (^Germ.'). Counter-manufacturer and Mint-master
at Nuremberg, 1607-1645. Neumann describes 25 varieties of brass
Jetons by this Die-sinker, signed HANS LAVFER ; — HANNS LAVFER ;
-- H. L. ; — HANS LAFER ; — H. LAVFER IN NVRMBERG ; — H. LAVF. ;
— H. LAV.; — H. LA., &c. The counters refer to Henry IV. of
France ; — - Henry IV, and Marie de Medicis ; — Louis XIII. (with
■HANS LAVFER'--VNICO VNIVERSV); — Louis XIII. and
Anne of Austria; — Louis XIV.; — Gott allein die Ehr; —
Perseus riding on Pegasus ; — Arbeit und Tugend macht Edel ; —
Adam and Eve ^L. Christ on the cross; — Das Wort Gottes bleib
ewich ; — Noah in the ark; —The French Dauphin, 1614, &c.
Bibliography, — As above.
LAUFFER, JOHANN GOTTLIEB (Germ.). Countcr-manufaciurer at
Nuremberg, in the early part of the eighteenth centun'. His signa-
ture I.G.L. occurs on commemorative Jetons of the Expedition to
Vigo Bay, 1702 (Bust of Queen Anne) ; ^Battle of Blenheim, 1704
(imported into England to be sold in the streets, or to be used as
counters); — Coronation of George I. (signed !■■), &c.
I have no doubt that Johann Gottlieb Lauffer laTgeW contributed
to the series of medals issued by Caspar Gotcheb Lauffer.
BiULiOGRAtHV, — Franks and Grueber, ap. cit.
LAUFFER, LAZARUS GOTTLIEB (Germ.). Counter-manufacturer at
Nuremberg, 1660-1700. Ammon says that he was Mint-master
there in 1670, and Chief Mint- Warden of the district of Franconia.
Franks and Grueber call him " Medallist and Chief Warden of the
Mint at Nuremberg from 1670 to 1690 ", and add : " After this date
he appears to have gone to Vienna and to have worked in partner-
ship with Georg Hautsch ", a statnient which I have not been able
to confirm. It is evident that Geo. Hautsch contributed to the series
of medals issued by Lazarus Gottlieb Laufer and continued by his
son Caspar Gottlieb Laufer, at least from 1683 to 1712, but I can find
no record of Lazarus Gottlieb Laufer's leaving Nuremberg, nor that
there were two Lazarus Gottlieb Lauffer, as mentioned in MedalUc
JllustralimSy II, p, 730. I rather think that Lazarus Gottlieb Lauf-
fer's activity extended to the early part of the eighteenth century,
until about 1717, when his son succeeded him as Chief Warden of
the Mint,
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— 333 —
All die medals enumerated niider C^isp.ir CJottlicb Liuiffer, struck
previous to 1717, were no doubt issued by tliis Medallist, who
employed several die-sinkers and probably cut many of the dies
himself.
His signature, which is usually L,G.L., occurs on many counters,
among which I may mention: Marriage of Charles II. and Catharine
(signed : L. C.: LAVF. RECW. (illustrated); —Do, with bust of
Counter, by L. G. Lauftec.
Charles II. (signed on 1^. LAZA ; GOTTL ; LAVFFERS REICH-PFEKN-
ING'COUNTERS) ; Coronatloii of James II., 1685 (sev. var.);
— Coronation of Williapii III., 1689 (several varieties, one engraved
byG. Hautsch, others signed: L.G.L.R,; — LAZ. GOTTL. LAVFER,&c.);
— William and IVlary, 1689 (scv. var.); — The Church ol England
preserved (obv, Bust of Queen Anne, several varieties); —
Louis XIV. (sev. var., Neumann n"' 32407-13), &;c.
Lazarus Gottlieb l.aufFer is said to have introduced at Nuremberg
the coining-press, which was then already in use in France and
England.
BiHLiOGHAPiiY. — Amnion, op. cit. — Franks and Grucber, op. cit.
LAUFFER, MATHA0S (Garm.). Counter-manufacturer and Bell-
founder at Nuremberg, 1618-1625; Mint-master there in 1622.
Neumann describes eleven varieties of counters issued by him :
Gottes Segen macht reig (MATHEVS LAVFER); — Der Neid thutt
im selbst Leidt; —Louis XIII. (several varieties); — Joab and
Amasa (MATTHEVS LAVFFER); — Ambitios a Supcrbia (M. LAVF.);
— Aut Caesar aut Nihil (MAT : LAV : and M. LAV,) ; — Louis XIIL,
1 618 (other varieties, signed M, L,; -- M, LAVFFER; — M. LAVF) ; —
Soli Deo Gloria, 1619 (MATHEVS-LAVFER-IK-KVRNBERG); —The
Fall and the Cross, 1625, &:c.
BiBLiooRAPHV. — Kull, op. cit. — Ncuuiaiin, op. cit.
LAOFFER, WOLFGANG (Germ.). Counter-manufacturer at Nurem-
berg, ciVc. i6iS-i66o. His couniers are very numerous. Among the
best known are: Gottes Segen macht reich (WOLF.LAVFEr) ; —
Got alein di thre sei (WOLFF LAVFER IN NVRBER); — Wer Got
,stsd by Google
— 554 —
vertmut hat (WVLF LAVFER.IN.NVRMBE,), and othci* mottoes ; —
Gottes Reich blcibt cwig (WOLF LAVFER IN NURNBEBG) ; — Afifang
beijenks endt; — J'aime etsuisaime; — Louis XIV. (sev. var.);
— -LoLiis XIII. (sev. v;ir.) ; — The French Dauphin (sev. var.J ;
— Teh hah die aiigeneme Kunst, die macht gerechtik ; v : Gunst
(WOLFF LAVFFER. -- RECHPFENGMACHER) ; -- Gelt maclit schelck;
— The Astrologist ; — Festina lente ; — Lucretia plunging the
dagger in her breast ; — Faniam extendere factis; — Henry IV, of
France; — Aiit Caesar auc Nihil (WOLF. LAUF. and W.LAV.); —
Ex pace Ubertas (WOLF. LAVF.); — The Alphabet ; — Louis XIV. and
Marie Therese; — Louis XIV. and Anne of Austria (sev. var.,
some dated 1615, 161 5); — Romulus and Remus, 1619;- — Jacob
and the Angel, &c.
Most of W. Lauffer's counters are not quite circular, but more
or less irregular. Neumann describes over thirty varieties.
Bibliography. — Kull, o/j. cil. — Sally Rosenberg, Catalogue. — Neumann,
op. cil. —~ R- Forrcr, i^&niherger Rcchiii- iiiid Spklpfcnnige, Num. Circ, I, 159.
LADNAY. FRANgOIS DE (French). MiuC-engraver at Poitiers, 1616-
1618.
LAUNAY, PIERRE DE (French). Goldsmith of Poitiers, son-in-law
of Francois Gaillaudon, and his assistant as Lngraver at the Mint of
Poitiers, 1606-1616.
LAUNAY, JACQUES DE. T/if;; DELADNAY (vol. I).
LAUNAY, NICOLAS DE (French). Director of the Paris Medal-
Mint from 1696 to 1727, and one of the most celebrated French
Goldsmiths of the end of the seventeenth century and beginning
of the eighteenth. He was born in 1647, learned drawing under
Francois Chauveau, and was probably a pupil ot the famous
Claude Ballin, whose daughter he married. During his tenure of
office, he greatly improved the working of the Medal-mint, which
reached Its highest degree of extension and prosperity. " He
succeeded Nicolas Petit, who was the first to hold the appoint-
ment oiDirecleur du baJander des midaiUes. In 1706, the numoer of
puncheons and dies preserved in the Galerie du Louvre exceeded
4000. Until 1698, the medals of the series ofLouisXlV. varied in
sizes, between 30, 32 and 36 lines. About this time, the Abbe
Bignon entrusted the Engraver Mauger to cut dies for 200 medals at
150 livres each, which were executed between 1699 and lyoi, by
reducing the module to 18 lines. Others were commissioned to
other artists, so that the series of small size medals comprise
350 pieces " (Blanchet, Medailhs franfaises).
A document of 1698 records in eulogious terms " the fine draw-
ings which Nicolas de Launay gives every day to the Mint of the
Louvre. "
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— 335 -
De Laiiii^y wiis succeeded by his son-in-law Jules Robert de
Coite, who remained in office from 1727 to 1767.
A fine Portnut, after Rigaud, is j^iven of Nicolas de Launay in
Ga^tte num. franfaise, 1904,
BiBi.iOGRflPHY. — J. J. Guiffrey, La Momnw des Midailks, Revui: nimiisma-
lique, 1885, p. 2. — Gazette des Beaiu-Arts, t. X, p. 154 et t. XI.
LAUKDALE, JOHN (BnV.). Mint-maiter at Edinburgh, 1453.
LAUNE, CHISTOPHE DE (Pre^ci), Mint-master at Paris(l 540-1541),
Mini-master and Engraver ar)d Tours (1539-1540 and 1542-1553J.
He was still living in 1556. In 1540 he had some differences with
Claude Lemay, a Paris Mint-engraver, in connection with an issue
of jetons. An official of the name of ANTOIKE LAONE filled the post
of secretary under his administration. Christoph Laune's distinctive
mark occurs on Petlts Deniers of the Paris Mint, 1541, andTesions
and Douzains of Tours, 1549- He is the first Mint-master who
placed an A (for Pans) under king's bust or beneath shield.
Bibliography. — MazeroUe, Lei Mddaillmrs fra'i(ais, 1902. ^ N. Rondoi and
H, deUTour, o/>, csl.
LADNE, £tIEKNE DE, also STEPHANUS LAUHUS;— ETIENNE DE
LAXILNE, or .DELAULNE (French). A celebrated Goldsmith, Medallist,
and Line-engraver, born at Paris cirr.. 1519, died there in 1583.
Workshop of Stephen Delaune at Augsburg.
By letters patent of the 3 1. January 1552, he was appointed Mint-
engraver at Paris, in conjunction with Jean Erondelle, but already
deposed, in favour of Jacques Beguin, on the 25. June ot the same
year. Towards the end of his life, he went over to Germany; in
./Google
1373 ^"'l 1580 he was working ;it " Argentina " (Strasbburg), in
1576 at " Augusta " (Augsburg), and it is most probable that be
also resided at Nuremberg, but he returned to Paris some little
lime before bis deatb, which according to La Croix du Maine took
place on Whitsunday, 1583.
Etienne de Laune's fame as a Goldsmith stands unrivalled in
France in the sixteenth century. Cellini's works seem to have
inspired some of his earlier productions in chasing. Among his most
important pieces of plate are the celebrated Ewer and Tray of the
Leyland Collection (reproduced in Lasteyrie, Histoirede I'Orfivrene,
p. 24}) and a cup in the Louvre, supported by a beautiful figure
of Bacchus, the body of which represents Venus forging the arms
of Aeneas.
This artist is considered as oneofthe most pleasing Copper-plate
engravers of the French Renaissance. A number of drawings by his
hand of medals, coins, jetons, seals and jewels are still preserved
Midal of Henry II., by Eutniie dc L.
at the BibUotheque Nationale, Paris. " Toutes les compositions de
ce Maitre se distinguent par un respect scrupuleux de la forme ;
I'ornementation, si riche qu'elle soit, n'en vient jamais alt^rer la
puret6, ni d^naturer la donn^e premiere" (Lasteyrie, o/i, cit., 245).
M. Mazerolle calls Etienne de Laune one of the cleverest
sixteenth century medallists and gives a list of his medallic produc-
tions : 1551. Henry 11. , signed S on obv. ^. SVA.aRCVlT.
OilBE.FAMA. Victory tor. on globe; 35 mill, {illustrated); — Do,
1552., signed S behind the head of the King. 1^. NOMEN.AD.
ASTRA. 1552 L (Launius) Diana; 2r mill, (ona specimen in the
Munich Cabinet the letter E shows quite distinctly after the dace) ;
— Do, Similar obv. ^. SIC, FAMA.VIRESCIT. 1552. L. Fame
holding palm-branch and laurel-wreath, 21 mill. ; — Do, HENRI-
CVS. II. DEI. G.FRANCO. REX. Laur. bust of Henry IL in
cuirass I^. SIC.FAMA.VIRESCIT. 1552, L, Victory seated to I.
on orb, holding palm-branch and laurel-wreath ; in the field : S.
./Google
— 337 —
(The letier S was dc Laime's nsual sigiiiimre on his engravings); —
Do, HENRICVS'II-GALLIARVM'REX-INVICTISS.P.P. Uur.
bus: in cuirass; ^. OB'RES'IN'ITAL-GERMET-GAL-FORTI-
TER'AC-FOELICGESTAS. Fame driving a quadriga in whch
are Abundance and Victory ; beneath : EX' VOTO'PVB; 1552;
54 mill. ; — Do, A variety viiith Abundance and Victory standing
in quadriga ; — Do, Similar obv. ; ¥jL. RESTITVTA REP • SEENN-
SI, ike, within laurel-wreath; 56 mill.; — Henry 11. and Catherine
de' Medici, 1555, Obv. Similar bust ofHenry 11;^. KATHARINA"
DE'MEDICrS'REGINA'FRANCORVM. Bust to I. of the Queen;
beneath : 1555; 54 mill,; — Henry 11. Obv. Similar bust, with
legend : HENRIC VS ■ II ■ FR ANCOR ■ REX ■ IN VICTIS ?. P ■ P ■ ; ^.
TE-COPIA'LAVRO-ET-EAMA'BEARVNT. Fame driving quad-
riga; beneath, NVIA; 53 mill.; — Antoine de Bourbon, Obv.
ANTONIVS'DEI-G-REX-NAVARRAE. Bust of King to r. in
cnirass; ^L. REX CONSERVATOR. The King extending his
hand to a ploughman; ex : PROVIDENTIA | 1559; 37 mill.;
— Do, SimilarObv. ; ^L. ADVERSIS'NESCIA-VINCl, Prudence
seated to 1. holding a mirror to her face, and a serpent; ex. :
COMITIA-AVR I 1560; 37 mill.;— Do, SimilarObv.;]^. Nine
female figures, five to 1. and four to r, supporting in the air a
figureofVictory holdingtwo wreaths;ex. : FELICITAS | ; jymill.;
— Do, Bust of King in cuirass ; I^. A VXIL ■ ME VM ■ A ■ DOMINO .
Hand issuing trom the clouds placing a sword in the hands of a
crowned figure ; in front of him, the four gods Jupiter, Aeolus,
Neptune, and Time; ex: IN-FIL-HOM-NON-EST SALVS 1562;
42 mill., &c.
MazeroUe gives the following jetons to Etienne deLaune: —
1559. Chambre des Comptes ; — 1560. Chambre des Comptes.
^i" Mercury; — 1561, Jeton banal; — 1564. Gendarmerie de
France; — Catherine de Clermont, 1564, Many others are given
by Mariette in his Abecedario, but they cannot be authenticated.
It is difficult to say what share the artist had in the cutting of
the dies of the milled, Testons and Half Testons of 1552, in which
,y Google
- 3)8-
year lie held the appoiiitmentof Mint-engraver in conjunction witli
Jean Erondelle ana Jacques Beguin, but comparison of style between
these and the Henry II. medals by de Laune which present the
Ponriih- medal of J(
same characteristics, seems to show that they were both by the
same hand.
Referring to the three first medals above described by Etienne de
Laune, of which only later specimens are known from restored dies,
Gabriel Schlusselbergf
M. Mazerolle says : " L' expression de la physionomie royale est
charmante et les figures des revers ont cette maigreur caract^ristique
qu'affectionnaient les artistes du regne de Henri II ".
./Google
— 339 —
A Porcrait-niediil in lead, unsigned, of Je^ii R.ibel of Beauvals
Qllustraled), in Mr. Max Roseniicim's collection, belongs perhaps to
the school of Etienne de Laune, but M. MazeroUe and other experts
are not inclined to ascribe it to that artist. I may further add that
in the Beauvais Archives nothing could be found concerning this
Jean Rabel.
Etienne de Laune's engravings, which date from 1561 to 1581,
are occasionally signed Slephanus F or 5. F. The signature Stepha-
nusf. occurs on a Portrait-medal of Gabriel Schliisselberger of
Nuremberg, 1574 (illustrated). Erman has no hesitation to give
it to Etienne de Laune, who, having embraced the reformed
faith, went over to Germany some time after 1569. Another medal,
that of Hans Huetter and his wife Ursula, although unsigned,
exhibits identical work. M. MazeroUe however does not share
Erman's view and thinks the Schiisselberger medal is absolutely
German in character and has no point in common with the known
French works of de Laune.
Bibliography.^ F. Maierolle,lM Midailhun franfau, 1902.— \hiA.,Etunm
de Laitm etGuillmmu Martin, Gazette des Beaux-Ans, t. VIII, p. J12. — lilanchet,
op. cit. — Lasteyrie, op. cit. — Erman, Dnitscht Medailleiire, 1884, — KuU,
Rgperlorium, 11, 710.
LAUNE, PIERRE DE (/^rflJcA). Mint-master at Paris, 1541-43.
LAUNOIS. Durand {MS. List of Medallists) gives the name of Lau-
nois as that of an Engraver of a pattern 5 Franc piece of Charles X.,
but no doubt in error for CADNOIS {q. v.).
LAORANA, FRANCESCO QJtal.). Painter, Sculptor and Medallist,
circ. 1430-1501; a native of the ancient fortified city of the Tem-
plars, La Vrana or Laurana, near Zara. In Neapolitan documents
his name occurs also as Francesco Adzara (for Francesco da Zara).
Laurana, the favourite Sculptor and Medallist of Ren^ of Anjou,
Count of Provence and King of Naples (1458-1480) is the first
champion of the Renaissance in France.
Between 1468 and 1471, a Franciscus Laurana, habitator urbis
Panormi et civitatis Venetiarum was working in Sicily and executed
a statue of the Virgin for the Dome of Palermo, bearing the
inscription : Franciscus a Laurana me fecit MCCCCLXX.!. Later, circ.
1478-1480, a Franciscus Laurens is mentioned in the accounts of
the court of Count Rene as " tailleur d'ymaiges " and sculptor. In
1490, the name of Laurens occurs as Founder and Chaser, in
connection with the mausoleum of Ferry IL, Count of Lorraine
and Vaudemont, erected in St. George's Church at Nancy. All three
references undoubtedly concern the same artist,
Lauraoa'sname is intimately connected with that of his coUeagne,
the architect and medalUst Pietro da Milano. Both were attached
./Google
— 340 —
to the person of King Rene, and modelled Portr;iit- medals of their
Patron, his Queen and courtiers.
The recent researches of E. Muntz, Maxe-Werly, C. vonFabriczy
and others have settled many obscure points in Francesco da
Laurana's history. The great artist left Italy soon after 1458,
sojourned in Provence (at Aix) until about 1466, then returned to
his native land. In 1468, 1471 and 1473 he wasworking in Sicily
for various churches, tut in 1478, we find him back in France, and
residing at Marseilles, where he married and lived until 1483.
Later, circ. 1490, Laurens le fondeur was engaged at Nancy on the
mausoleum of the Count of Vaudemont. He appears to have spent
the last few years of his life at Avignon, with his daughter and son-
in-law the painter Jean de la Barre. In all probability Tie died in the
early part of 1 501 and was buried in the chapel which his daughter
Maragda (or Meranda) had acquired near the Augus:in convent at
Avignon, for the sepulture of her family. The last mention of
Laurana's name occurs on a contract, dated 14. October 1500, rela-
ting to the sale of some house property at Marseilles, and he is
there styled : " Franciscus Laurana, , scissor ymaginum ".
" Pierre de Milan ct Francesco Laurana, tons les deux sculpteurs,
out garde sur notre sol le caractcre de ieurpatrie d'origine. La
composition, le dessin, le modeli^, tout rappelle I'art italien dans
leurs ouvrages . Tout, sauf la fonte ; la mauvaise quality de la fonte
confirmerait mSme le fait de leur execution en France " (Rondot ec
De La Tour, Les Midailleurs et les graveurs de monnaies. Sec, 1904,
p. 71).
Some of the signed medals of Laurana are dated 1461, 1463 and
1466 ; others are undated. With the exception of the Portrait-piece
ol'LouisXI., they all represent King Ren6, Queen Jeanne, and
personages of their court. The following are known : 1461. Tri-
ioulet, King Rene's buffoon. Bust to r. ^L. Lion seated to 1.;
above, in three lines: ,M. — 'CCCC. — -LXI. ; in exergue, in three
lines : FRANCISCVS-LAVRANA-F.(Diam.79mill.); —Jeannede
Laval, second wife of King Rene, Bust to 1., hair hidden in richly
ornamented coiffure. ^L. PER NON PER. ■M-CCCC" -LXI. A
pair of turtle-doves, in ex. : FRANCISCVS-LAVRANA FECIT
(D. 90). (^. probably designed by King Ren6 himself, vide Heiss,
p. 19); — ■ 1463. Rene of Anjotiand his consort Jeanne de Laval, Busts
conjoined to r. ^L. PAX AVGVSTI. Peace standing facing, with a
sprig of laurel in one hand and helmet in the other ; to r., withered
trunk of a tree from which issues one shoot ; in the field : ' M' —
■CCCC'~-LXm. ; in ex. : -FRANCISCVS-LAVRANA* —
■ FECIT (D. 90). A variety of obv. exists with legend : DVO'
CORPORA-VNVS ANIM. (uniface) ; — 1464. John of Anjou,
Duke of Calabria., Bust to 1. ^. Circular temple, the cupola sur-
,stsd by Google
— 341 —
mounted with a statue of the Archangel Michael (the temple is
copiedlrom that of Vesta at Rivoli); in the field ; M • CCCC ■ LXIIII ;
ex. : FRANQSCVS LAVRANA (F ?). (D. 85); — Undated
(perhaps r46i ?). Charles IV. of Anjmi, Count of Mains, Bust to r.
by Francesco Laurana.
Iji. Map of the world ; FRANCISCVS LAVRANA FECIT (D. 70)
(2 var.) ; — Undated. Louis XL, King of France, Bust tor. wearing
his favourite head-dress, the chapdi'SjL. CONCORDIA AVGVSTA.
Concord seated to r. : in ex. : FRANCIS-LAVRANA FECIT (D.
atdb, Google
— 342 —
85)- Type of ]]L. copied from a Roimn sestertius or medallion.
TlieporcraitofLouisXI.is very realistic. Von Fabriczy calls it Laura-
na's masterpiece, and adds : "The cunning craftiness, the suspicion,
but at tlie same time tlie resolution of tniSj the first modern despot
and incarnate reaction against the ideals and wealmesses of the
Middle Ages, are excellently expressed in the portrait ". " Notwith-
standing ', continues the same writer, " Laurana fails by a long
way to reach Pisano-s grandeur of style, strength of modelUng and
mastery of technique; his imitation of nature is superficial, at
times quite painful, and the treatment of the relief is flat and
lacking in character ", Varieties exist of the Louis XI. medal ; one
in silver, uniface(obv. only) was in the Armand collection; another,
in the French Cabinet, has on ^. SANCTIS ■ MICH AELiS ■ ORDI-
NISTNSTITVTOR. Shield of France within collar of the Order
of S' Michael; — 1466. Jean Cossa, Count of Troya, Bust to r.
(ECCE - COMBS. TROIAE., &c.) ; ^L. PR ANCISCVS'LAVR ANA-
FECIT ■ ANNO ■ DNI ■ MCCCCLXVI. Within laurel-wreath,
between the letters I— C, two broken horseshoes interlinked.
To the above-described medals, Heiss and Armand add aPortrait-
piece, imdated, of an unknown person, with legend : HIC'IN"
TERRIS-MERVIT-SIBI-NOMEN-OLIMPO- The person repre-
sented is without much doubt one ofthe poets of the court of good
KingRen^, oneof the few princes who, North ot the Alps, extended
the magnificent patronage of the Italian nilers to sciences and
arts, and himself won laurels in painting ani verse-making ; —
1464. Ferry II., Count of Vaudemont, Bust to r. I^. FRANCISCVS ■
LAVRANA-FECIT. — MCCCCLXIIII. The Count on horseback
to 1, (Collection of the Glasgow University), &c.
Friedlander illustrates a medal of Jean de Matharon (f 1495)
which he thinks bears analogy with Laurana's work.
Details are wanting as to the artist's collaboration in the decora-
tion of King Alfonso's Triumphal Arch at Naples, but his hand
can be traced in many works of sculpture still extant in Italy,
South of France and Lorraine, among which are : " Portement de
Croix" in St. Dldier's Church at Avignon (1481); Mausoleum of
Jean de Cossa, Marshal of Provence (1476-1481); Decoration of
the St. Lazare Chapel in the" Major" church at Marseilles (1483) ;
The Joinville Mausoleum of Count Ferry de Vaudemont, nephew
of King Rene, and father of Rene II., Duke of Lorraine ; Tomb of
Charles IV. of Anjou in the cathedral of Le Mans ; Marble statue
of the Virgin oti the door-way of the cliapel of Castelnuovo at
Naples; Retabh of the Church of Celestins at Avignon; Niche of
King Ren6 in Tara,scoii castle ; and the mutilated bust of Rene and
Jeanne de Lava! in the Tarascon BibliothSque.
Bibliography. — A. Hei?^, Les MMaitleuis dela Renaissance, Francesco Laurana,
Fietro di Milano, Paris, 18S2. — A. Artniind, Lei Me'daitleiirs ilaliens iks XV' et
db, Google
— 343 —
XVI' sikUs, Paris, 1885-1887. — C. von Fabriczy, Medaillm der ilalieiiischm
Renaissance, Leipzig, 190;. — D' Julius Friedliinder, Die italienischen Scbaumlm^m
des fUnfyetniten Jab-bunder ts, Berlin, 1882. — E, MJintz, Hisloire de I Art peiidanl
la Renaissance, II. — Coiirajod et Marcou, Catalogue raisotini du Mush de sculpture
du Trocaiiro. — Grande Encydopddie. — Grand Dictionnaire Larousse. — M. Maxe-
Werly, Fro««i«i da Laurana, 1899. — D^ Barthfilemy, Francesco Lauraiia, 1885.
— E. Milntz, Les derniires annies du sculpteiir Laurana, Chronique des Arts et de
la Curiosity. — Bolzenthal, op. cil. — Gazelle des Beaux-Arts, m:irs 1905. —
Blaiichet, op. cit., II, p, 38;, — Revw arcbM., 1899, p. 160.
LKORESCE (^French). Die-sinker of the early part of the nineteenth
century. A masonic medal, dated 1806, of the " Lodge of the
French Eagle " bears his signature in full.
LAUREHCIN, JOSEPH (French). Mint-engraver at Villi;franchc en
Rouergue, circ. 1421-1422.
LAUREKS (Amir.). On a Portrait-medal of D"- Josef Barth, of
Vienna, 1804, the signature of this Die-sinker appears in full.
LAURENT, CHARLES (FrOTc/j). Mint-master at Montelimar, 1507,
LAURENT, EUG£NE(Fm)c/)). Contemporary Sculptorand Medallist,
born at Gray (Hame-Sa6ne}, 29. April 1827 ; pupil of Coinchon,
His signature occurs on a commemorative medal of the Visit ot
Napoleon III. and the Empress Eugenie to the Paris hospitals during
the plague of cholera, 1865, and he modelled also several Portrait-
medallions, some of members of his family.
BiiiLiOGUATHY. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cil.
LAORENT-DARAGON, CHARLES (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Paris in 1833 ; pupil ot the Ecole des Beaux-Arts. Among
his best known medallic works exhibited at the Paris Salon are :
1867. Portrait-medallion in bronze of Count E. de D*** ; — 1869.
Mm= j. C*** ; — 1875. M"^ E. Richard, &c.
BiBLioGKAPiiv. — Chavignerie et Aviwray, op. cit.
LAURENT, PIERRE (French~). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Montlu^oii (Allier) ; pupil of Chapu, and Barrias. At the Salon of
1905 he exhibited a Portrait-plaquette of M. Mesnag6.
LAURENTINI, PAOLO (Ital.). MedaUist of the first half ot the
seventeenth century, mentioned by Bolzenthal.
LAURENTIUS (LORENZ), LUKAS (Germ.). Mint-warden at Bernstadt
1681, 1696, and later at Ols. His initials occur on coins of 1677,
1694-1699.
Bibliography. — Schlesiens Forfeit in Bild und Schi-ifl, VII, 65,
HosBdb, Google
— 344 —
LAUREMIDS PAEMENSIS Vide FRAGNY. Vol. II, p. 133.
LAURENZANO, GIOVANNI ANDREA (Ital.). Medallist of the third
quarter of the seventeenth century. He resided at Rome and worked
for the Papal Court, His signature, says Ammon, occurs on Papal
medals of 1689 and 1690, temp. .innoceut XI. and Alexander VIII.
A large Portrait-Medal of the celebrated architect Carlo Fontana
(1634-1714)15 signed GAL and is probably his work (Haller I, 1904;
— Wunderly v. Muralt Cat., n" 2848).
Bibliography. — Amnion, op. dt. — Bolzenthal, op. cit.
LAURER, GOTTLIEB (G«-m.). Medallist of Kulmbacli, middle of
the eighteenth century. He cut die dies for the Mining Medal of the
" Neulaischen Friedensgrube ", 17^8, which is signed 'V-. His full
signature G. LAVRER appears on a Medallic Tha.ler of William Fred-
erick Louis, Baron of Gleichen-Rusworin, 1753; this medal par-
takes of a masonic character and is de.scribcd by Marvin, Masonic
medals, p. 136, n" CCCLV.
Bibliography. — Amman, op. cii.
LAUREYS, BALTHASAR (Belg.). Mint-cngravcr at Brussels, 1619-
1661, under Phihp IV.
BiBLioGRAPHV. — A. lie Witte, Lc jelon daiis ks comples /Ics mailres des Mouiiaiis
dudiicMde BraUntanx XVIb d XFHI^ Hecks, Tijdsclirift, 1896-97.
LADTENSACK, FBIEDRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Rostock, 1796-
1802. His issues bear generally his initials F. L.
LAUTEHSACK, HANS (Germ.) of Nuremberg, is mentioned circ.
1558 as having executed designs for coins of the Emperor Ferdi-
nand I.(Kenner, 1903, p. 17).
LAUTENSCHLAGER, ANTON CHRISTIAN {Germ.). Medallist of tlie
nineteenth century, born at Hanau, where he also resided until
1S77, in which year he died on a journey to Naples. His productions
are mostly unimportant.
LAUTIER, PHILIPPE DE (French). Mint-master-general of France,
circ. 1540-1552.
LAUTIZIO (/;«/.) of Perugia, is said by Cellini, to have been of
great ability, and a clever Seal-engraver. By him is probably a
hone-stone medal with portrait of D. Adr. de Ladeuse, Venice,
1532 (described by G. Sparkes in Num. Chronicle 1854, p. 187,
n" 5) and a Plaque, wich subject in relief of the Adoration of
the Magi, in the Victoria and Albert Museum, South Kensington.
Milaoesi suggested the attribution to him of two Portrait-medals
of Giovan Lodovico Toscani, signed L. P.
,stsd by Google
lAXlWIER, PI£RART (French). Mint-engraver at Valenciennes, arc.
1460.
L.A.V. (Dutch'). These initials occur on a medalet commemorating
tile Peace of 1544 (2 types) and are supposed to be the signature
of a Mint-master in Gelderland (Vide Med. lUustr., I, pp. 45-46).
LAVACCHIO, ZANOBI DEL (ltd.). Sculptor of Florence, end of the
fifteenth century. Bolzenthal gives his name as a Medallist, but
without being able to trace any of his medallic works.
LAVALLfiE, JEAN BAPTISTE DAVID (French). Mint-engraver at
Limoges, 1780-1792, qualified Engraver in functions from 1785.
ISlJiLioGRAFHY. — Louis Guibcrt, La Momiaiede Limoges, 1893.
LA VALLfiE, MARC DAVID (French). Mint-engraver at Limoges,
circ. 1779-1780.
LAVANCHT-CLARKE, F. H. (Swiss). Representative of the Sun-
light Soap Co. for Switzerland, and Editor of Adverilsement
Tickets, Medallic Calendars, Exhibition Medalets, &c., all in con-
nection with the advertising of the Sun-light Soap, 1896.
LA VANELLE, AMTOINEDE (French). Goldsmith, Founder, and
Engraver of Jetons at Lyons, circ. 1493-1538. Another Engraver of
the same name was working circ. 1540-1543.
LA VANELLE, SIMON DE (French). Jeton-engraver at Lyons and
Paris, 1524-1546. By him are jetons of that date, issued for Gilles
Auberr, sieur de Vautrouze. He signed Delauanelle.
BiBLioGRAPOv. — Mazerolle, op. cit., I, clveii.
LA VANELLE, BERTRANDDE (French). Goldsmith, Founder, and
Engraver of Jetons at Lyons, circ. 1530-1538.
LA VANELLE, CYRIAQDE DE (French)- Goldsmith, and Engraver
ot Jetons at Lyons, circ. 1524-1547.
LAVATER (Sioiss). Designer of a medal, engraved by Huguenin
freres, on the Opening of the Albula Tunnel of the Siniplon Rail-
way, 1903.
LAVAD, ANDRfi (French). Gem-engraver, and Die-sinker of Bor-
deaux, born in 1722, died on the 28"' of February, 1808. He was
a pupil of Roettiers of Antwerp.
By him are five jetons of the College of Surgeons of Bordeaux,
one of which, signed on both sides, represents on obv. SS. Cosmus
and Damianus and on ^L. a view of the College. He also engraved a
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signet with a head of Hercules, executed after the antique, and to
which he devoted ten ye;irs; M. de FayoUe terms this " uiipur
chef-d'ceuvre " ; and a medal with ^. D' de la Martiniere, Bordeaux,
1753, signed : LAVAVA BOR*.
Lavau largely contributed to the foundation of the Academic de
Peinture et Sculpture of Bordeaux, and was appointed Rector of
that Institution several times. Among his pupils are the great
medallist Andrieii, who studied for eight years under him, the
painters Lacour, Taillasson, the brothers Pollieres, Monbrun-
Barincou, &c.
The artist was intimately acquainted with .Gatteaux and other
contemporaneous medallists. His portrait was painted by Sicardi.
Bibliography. — Inormalion kindly supplied by M. A. Evrard de Fayolk, of
Bordeaux.
LAVAU, JACQUES (French). Brother of the preceding ; also a Seal-
engraver- He engraved Plates of coins.
LAVfiE, ADOLPHE JULES (French). Contemporary MedaUist, born
at Moriaix (FinistSre) ; pupil of Degeorge and Dantzell. He formerly
worked for many years for M. Desaide, the medal-publisher. At the
Salon of 1881 he exhibited a medal, Art & Industry '^L. Arms of
Tours; — in 1881, Portrait of M. Thomas, senior member of Paris
public notaries, and a Prize-medal tor Rifle Clubs; — 1883. Nautical
Medal; — Prize Medal for Athletic Sports; — 1884. Inauguration
of the Railway of the Asturias ; — Medal of the Nautical Society ;
— Portrait-medallion of M. Boutmy; — 1885. The Railway
Asturias-Galicia-Leon; — Prize Medal for Shooting and Athletic
Sports; — 1886. Portrait-medallion of M. A. D.***; — 1S87.
M. A. H.***; — 1890. Prize Medal for Rifle Clubs, Sporting, &c. ;
— Mathieu Dombasle, silver medal; — 1891. Prize Medals; —
1893 , Portrait-medallions; ~ 1895 . Five silver medals, and a Portrait-
medallion ofM. X***, &c.
Bibliography. — Chavigneric et Auvray, op. cil., 11, p. 248.
LAVIGNE, BVB'EKC (French), Sculptor of the nineteenth century,
born at Cons-la-Granville (Moselle), 11. July i8i8;diedin 1881.
He was a pupil of Ramey, A. Dumont, and the Ecole des Beaux-
Arts. Among his exhibits at the Paris Salon were frequently
Portrait-medallions; tor instance. In 1878, one of Baron Taylor,
and at other dates, Montaigne, Bacon, Voltaire, Descartes, Newton,
Goethe, &c.
Bibliography. — Chavlgnerie et Auvray, op, cil.
LAVIGNE, JACQUES DE (French). Mint-engraver at Bayonne, 1496-
1498.
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lAVILLE-TDAL, DE (French'). Contemporary Sculptor, by whom
there is a medal ccinimemorating the 50"' anniversary of Chateau-
briand's funeral, 1898 (Ga^. num. 1899, p. 98). Vide PREZ DE LA
VILLE TUAL,
LA VILLETTE, EUGENE (French). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Saint-Mammas (Seine-et-Marne); pupil of Ch.
Gauthier and Decorchemont. At the Salon of 1898 he exhibited the
following medals : Portrait; — Harvesting ; — Industry ; — Joan
of Arc; — Mater dolorosa; — 1895. Several Plaquettes; — Christ
on the cross, medal, &c.
LAVRILLIER, CU-kKLLS (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Paris; pupil of Stelmans and Dropsy. At the Salon of 1896, he
exhibited a Portrait-medal of M-'^ A. J.***
LAVY, AMADEO (Ital). Medallist, and Mint-engraver at Turin,
circ. 1796-1826 ; a son of Lorenzo Lavy and brother of Carlo Lavy,
who were both employed in the same capacity at the Turin
Mint.
Amadeo Lavy usually signed his coins or medals either A. LAVY
or A.L,, and I believe those signed LAVY only are the work of his
brother Carlo, or of the two in conjunction, as the Pattern Five
Franc piece of BONAPARTE, PREMIER CONSUL, of ^« XL
Five Francs of the Cis;ilpinc Republic, an 9, signed LAVY,
The earliest piece bearing Amadeo's signature is the gold Mareng-ino,
obv. L'lTALIE D£LIVRE A MARENGO. Laur. andhelmeted bust
of Minerva to 1. ; beneath : A. L. IJi.. LIBERTfi JlGALITE * ERI-
DANIA* Within wreath : 20 | FRANCS — | L'AN 9. The deci-
mal Piedmontese Scudo, of the same date (illustrated) has LAVY
above the exergual line. Specimens of both denominations exist also of
An. ro (1802-3). In 1803 Piedmont was incorporated with France,
atid coins of the French type were struck at Turin — with mint-
mark U and the Mitit-master, Paroletti's symbol, a heart, — from
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- 348 -
dies cut by A. Lavy after the puncheons or models by P. TioHer.
On the return of Victor Emmanuel fromSardinia to Turin in 1814,
Amadeo Lavy, who, by the death of his brother Carlo in 1813,
was left sole Engraver at the Mint, remained in office appar-
ently until 1826, when he was succeeded by Giuseppe Ferrrirls.
His smaller issues are invariably signed A. h. whereas the larger
coins have A. LAVT.
As far as I have been able to ascertain, ihe following currency
was executed by Amadeo Lavy, after the restoration of King Victor
Emmanuel and under his successor Charles Felix : VICTOR
EMMANUEL. M. Doppia (24 Lire), 1814, 1815, 1816; — 80
Lire, 1821; — 48 Lire, 1821 ; — 20 Lire, r8i6, 1817, 1818,
1819, 1820 and 1821; — JK. Mezzo Scuto (of 3 Piedmontese
Lire, similar to those struck previous to 1799), 1814, 1815 (with
the addition of DVX.IANV^E (illustrated), 1816; — Scudo (of
Mezio Scuto of Victor Emmanuel, iKi;.
5 Lire), i8r6, 1817, 1818, 1819, 1820, and a new issue (decreed
on 4. December, 1820), 1821 ; — Due Lire 1816-1821 ; — ■ One
Lira, 1816-1821; — M.. 2 Soldi 6 Deuari, 1814, 1815. Victor
Emmanuel resigned in March 1821, and was succeeded by
Charles Felix, whose first coinage is dated' 1823. CHARLES FELIX.
AT. 80 Lire, 1823, 1837; — 40 Lire, 1823, 1827; — 20 Lire,
1823, 1824, 1825, 1836, 1827;— M^. 5 Lire, 1823-1827; —
2 Lire, 1S33-1827; — i Lira, 1823-1S37 ; — 5oCentesimi, 1824-
1827.
Ahhough Ferraris was appointed Engraver in 1S26, on the death
of Amadeo Lavy, the latter artist's dies were still used in 1827 and
even later.
A. Lavy's best known medaUic productions are : Reunion of
Piedmont to France, 1802 ; — The city of Turin to General Jourdan,
rSoi ; — Uniface Portrait-medalhon of Napoleon I. (1809), signed
A. LAVY; — Portrait-medallion of Antonio Canova; — Return of
./Google
- 349 —
King Victor Emmanutl I. to Turioj 1814 ; — Medal of the Turin
"GuardiaNobile", struck to commemorate the King's return to
Piedmont ; — Vaccination introduced into Italy, 1815 ; ^ — Octag-
onal Medal, Commissario di Polizia, 1816; — Visit of King
Victor Emmanuel to the Turin Mint, 1816 ; — Marriage medal of
Prince Charles Louis of Lucca with Princess Maria Theresa of
Savoy, 1820 ("celebrated", says Bolzenthal, " on account of the fine-
ness and elegance of the work and the resemblance of the portrait");
— Medal conferred by King Charles Felix tor loyalty to the House
of Savoy at Novara, 182 r ; — Restoration of the Academy ot Fine
Arts, Turin, 1824; — The course of the river Is^re regulated,
1S24; -—Prize Medal of Vitt. Amadeo IIL ^. Minerva ; — Horse
Show at Turin, 1821 ; — The Legion of Cuneo; — Vittorio
Alfieri ; — Giovanni Francesco Caccia, &c.
Bibliography. — A. Comandiiii, L'llalia im cento ami ddSecola XIX, Mikno,
I901-2. — Bolzentlial, 0^. cit. — Domanig, op. cit. — H. Demse, Le Caacoms de
TAn XI, Gaz. num. fraii^., 1902. — Dom. Cas. Proniis, Monete dei Rmii di
Savoia, Torino, 1841.
LAW, CARLO (Ilal.). Medallist, and Mint-engraver at Turin, born
in 1765, died in 18 13 ; a brother of Amadeo Lavy. He was appointed
to the Mint in 1789, but after the French invasion of the Pied-
montese territory and the constitution of the Cisalpine Republic,
his brother Amadeo was entrusted with the cutting of the coin-
dies, at the Turin Mint, 1801.
Cavlo Lavy executed several medals from designs by the painter
Appiaiii, some of which celebrate Napoleon L The two brothers
sent in An XI C'^'3) ^ pattern Five Franc piece, with bust of
Bonaparte, First Consul, to the Paris Monetary Commission,
Denise (Le Concours de I' An XI) quotes several letters tliat were
sent by the French Administration des Monnaies to the Brothers
Lavy. Their Pattern was not approved ot.
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- 35" —
Carlo Lavy's signature on medals is usually LAVY : Commemor-
ative medal of the Battle of Marengo, Anno VIII (1800) ; — The
Cisalpine Republic (an VIII) ; — Marriage of Princess Josephine of
Sardinia with Louis Stanislas, Count of Provence, 1771 ; — Victor
Amadeus III., founder of Carouge, 1773 ; — Foundation of the
Academy of Fine Arts at Turin, 1778; — Foundation of the Acad-
emy of Sciences, at Turin, 1783; — Agricultural Society Prize
Medals, with bust of King Victor Amadeus III. ; — Prize Medal
for Horse-racing, &:c.
Bibliography. — Holzenth^l, op. cil. — Dur.ind, MS. Lhi oj Meikllhls. —
Thatnseii Medal Catalogue,
LAVY, LORENZO {Ilal.). Medallist, and Mint-engraver at Turin,
second half of the eighteenth century; the father of Amadeo and
Carlo Lavy. I have noticed his signature : L. Lavy on a Marriage
Medal of DuKe Vittorlo Amadeo of Savoy with Marie Antoinette
of Bourbon, 1750.
LAW (^Brit.'). Gem-engraver ot the endof the eighteenth century
and beginning of the nineteenth. The following works bear his
signature: Head of Bacchant, carnelian ; — Headof Herakles, carne-
!ian ; — Head of Medusa ; — Head of Socrates ; — A term of
Xenophon crowned with laurel ; — Head of Lucretia, emerald ; —
Head of Seneca ; — Head of Julia, daughter of Titus, sapphire ; —
Cameo, with head of Antinoiis ; — Bust of And, Marvel, Scotch
poet; — Cameo, bust of Sir Walter Raleigh; — Cameo, bust ot
G. Whitefield, the tamous Methodist preacher , &:c,
LAW, JOHN (Brit.'). Financier, born at Edinburgh in 1681, died
at Venice in 17^9. He was made Comptroller-general of the
finances of France, upon the strength of a scheme for establishing
a bank, and an East India and a Mississipi Company, by the profits
of which the national debt of France was to be paid off. Law's bank,
which was opened in 1716, was declared a Reyal bank in 1718,
but in 1720 this fabric of false credit fell to the ground, spreading
ruin throughout the country.
Law Initiated the coinage of the copper Sol, Half Sol, and Liard,
in 1719.
Bibliography. — Haydn, DicHanaiy of Dales . — Hoffmann, Montiaies rojales de
Frame, p. 133.
LAWRENCE. Vide LADRENCE suprd.
LAZARI, ANTONIO {Ilal). Medallist of the first half of the eight-
eenth century, and Mint-engraver. His signature : ANT. LAZARI
FEC. is found on a For trait- medal of Donna Laura Maria BassI, Pro-
fessor of Philosophy at the University of Bologna, 1732.
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— 351 —
Lazari, who was ^ native of Modena, succeeded Antonio Maria
Parmeggiani s.s Mint-engraver .at Bologna in 1709, but in 1713 he
was replaced by Carlo Falconi, again appointed iu 1728; he remain-
ed in office until 1734.
BiDLiOGRAi-HY. ^Aramon, op. cit. — Bolzenthal, op. cit. — Franccaco Mala-
guzzi Valeri, La Zeccadi Bologna, 1898.
L. B, Vide JEAN LE BtANC. Medallist at Paris, 1715-1733.
L. B, or S/'. M Vide LUDWIG BARBIEZ. Medallist at Berlin,
1738-1754. Also L.H.B.
L. B. TiWe LEONHARD BERNHARD. Mint-mastei" at Altenkirchen,
1747-1785-
L. B. r/i/e LTIDWIG BRUEL. Mint-master at Hanover, 1817-1838.
Also B.
L. B. Vide L. BERGEKCREUTZ. Mint-master at Stockholm, 1819-
1821.
BiDLioc.RAPHY. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cit.
L. B. (Span.). Initials of a Spanish (?) Medallist of the latter end
of the seventeenth century. He executed medals of Thomas Heme,
a merchant of Cadiz, 1695, one of which bears under bust : L.B.
Fecit.
BiBLiOGRAPHY. — Franks and Grueber, MedalUc lUiislraliaiis, Sec, 11, pp. 148-
149- -
L. C. Vide LE CLERC. Die-sinker at Basle and Cassel, and Mint-
master at Bremen, 1685-1737. Also G. E.G.
L. C. FrWeLORENZ CARELBERG. Mint-mastei- at Stockholm, 1706-
1722.
L. C. H. Fide LAZARUS CHRISTIAN HOPFGARTEN. Mint-master at
Moritzburg, 1622, ' and Harburg, 1625-1626.
L. C. K. Vide LUDWIG CHRISTIAN KOCH. Mint-engraver at Gotha,
1750; Mint-director there, 1766-1793.
t. C. R. Vide LUDWIG CHRISTIAN RDPERTI. Mint-master at Zeller-
feld, 1774-1779.
I. C. S. Vide LOBENZ CHRISTOPH SCHNEIDER. Mint-master ai Hal-
berstadt, 1679-1682, and Berlin, 1682-1701 ; "Munzcommissar ",
1701-1713.
L, C. W. rae LEONARD C. WYON. A London Medallist of the nine-
teenth century.
Bibliography. — Sclilickeysen-Pallmann, op. cit.
, Google
— 352 —
L. C, {llalX Perhaps the signature of LORENZO CORBOLINI, a
Roman Goldsmith, who w;is Coin-engraver at the Papal Mint,
during the early years of Alexander VI. The initials L. C, occur on
a Portrait-medal of Pompeo Conestabile, Bust to 1. Ri.. MA-
GVIDFME AQNTF OIN LEGNE PR OPSTV — OP.LC. Pom-
peo, nude, seated on rock, presenting an open book to a pupil
kneeling before him.
Bibliography. — Armand, Les Midailleurs ilaliens, &c.
L, C. I. (Ital.). Initials of a Medallist of the third quarter of the fif-
teenth century, probably of Northern Italy (perhaps Milan). The
monogram E.CI. occurs on a Plaquette representing a Sacrifice to
Priapus (Berlin Museum). By the same hand, but signed e ,
is another Plaquette, Sacrifice to Cupid (Paris Cabinet). Both
works are extremely graceful and of charming design.
BiDLioGitAPHY. — fimile Molinier, Les Plaquittes, Paris, 1886.
L. D. Vide LEONARDO DONA. Mint-inspector at Venice, I.178.
L. D.L. Vide L. D. LUNDERBERG. McdaUist of Stockholm, end of
the eighteenth century.
L. D. S. Vide LUDWIG DANIEL SODEMANN. Mint-master at Stral-
sund, 1763-176S.
Bibliography. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cit.
•L-D- (Germ.)- These initials appear in relief beneath the legend
of a Portrait-medal of Antonius Sanftl, 1545, of which a model in
box-wood exists in the Berlin Museum.
Bibliography. — Erman, Deatsclie Medailknre, p. 48.
LD (Germ.). Signature of a Medallist of the early part of the
seventeenth century. It occurs on a Portrait-medal of Balthasar
Rueff(er), a Burger of Schweinfurt, and his consort, Anna, 161 1
(Itzinger Coll").
BiBLiOGRArHY. — Erraaii, op. cit.
LEALI, SENZILLO Y {Span.). According to Ammon, this signature
is found on a medal of Anhalt, 1695.
LEBAS, PAUL VICTOR (French). Sculptor and Gem-engraver, who
resided at Paris during the third quarter of the nineteenth century
and probably later. He was a pupil of Callouettc. Between 1852 and
1876 he was a frequent exhibitor at the Paris Salon : 1852. Prince
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, President of the French Rupublic,
cameo; — Prince Lucien Bonaparte, cameo; — 1853, The
./Google
— 353 ~
Empress Eajjenie, cameo executed from the directions of Count de
Nieuwerkerke and M. Pe3Te; ~ 1855. Portrait of M™'' x***, shell
cameo; — Napoleon III.; — 1865. Aspasia, cameo; — 1866,
Poetry, cameo in oriental stone; — 1868. Study of a Head, cameo
Study,
in black onyx (illustrated); — 1870, Cupid, black onyx; — ■
1876. Vestal Virgin, cameo in oriental carnelian, &c.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie el Auvray, op. cil.
LEBEATI, JEAN {French'). Mint-engraver at Nantes, 1772-1774.
LEBEAU, JEAN MARIE (French). Mint-engraver at Nantes, 1774-
1776.
LEBEGUE, ADOLPHE PAUL (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Paris.
By him ate several Portrait-medallions in bronze of M""'Lebegue ;
— F. V Raspail, 1879, and others.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Aiivray, op. di.
LEBERECHT, F. (Germ.). Medallist, and Gem-engraver, bora at
Meiningen in 1749, was appointed Engraver to the Russian Mint
in 1775 ; in 1794 he became an Academician, and a little later,
Chief-Medallist to the Court; he further rose to the dignity of a
Councillor of State, and died in 1837. For several years, previous to
his death, the artist had been enjoying retirement in private life
on a pension of 1500 Roubles allowed him by the Russian govern-
Bolzenrhal remarks : "Few artists of his kind have been so
distinguished as Leberecht, who raised himself to the rank of
Councillor of State and Knight of the Order of St. Anne, the
diamond insignia of which was bestowed on him in 1812. He serv-
ed, during fifty years, four Russian monarchs, and died in 1827,
leaving many pupils, to whom he was a good master and true friend,
Leberecht, of whom we may say that he was an artist very much
beyond his time, was a clever Gem-engraver. Among his produc-
L. FOHEEI.. — Biograbbkai Nsiku of Miii'UiiU. — Hi, J!
./Google
— 354 —
tions, we find medals : Unveiling of the statue of Peter the Great,
with bust of Czarina Catherine II. and a representation of the
statue, 1782 (signed : CARL LEBERECHT F.) ; — Prince Potemkin,
— Conclusion of Peace with Turkey, 1791 ; — Coronation of
Paul I. (obv. illustrated); — Coronation of Alexa^nder I, ; — Foun-
dation of the Exchange at St. Petersburg, 1805 ; — Frederick Born,
1806; — Centenary of the Battle of Poltawa, 18 14; — Presenta-
tion medal of the Emperor Paul to the Kossacks ot the Tshepligin
Wolga Army ; — Another to the leader of the Nomadic Gimp Siw-
zoff, 1799 ; — and various others of the same character (Iversen de-
scribes 19 of these Presentation medals); — Presentation medals of
the Emperor Alexander I, to various military and civic notabilities
(20 varieties, all signed), &c. His masterpiece is a medal of the year
1803 with the bust of the Empress Catherine II. as Minerva. The
Russian Court at all times took a keen interest in medallic art, but
□f Paul I., by Leberecht.
especially towards the end of the eighteenth century, when a school
for Engravers was created, with the object of giving a fresh impe-
tus to this branch of the plastic art. "
By Leberecht are also : Reproduction of a Medal on the Alliance
between Peter the Great and Frederick IV. of Denmark (signed :
B, C.) ; — Centenary of the Foundation ot St, Petersburg; — Foun-
dation of a Hospital at Simbirsk, 1801; — ■ Riga subjugated; —
Catherine II, 's Visit to Crimea, 1779; — Peace of Jassy, 1791
(unsigned); — The Plague at Moscow, 1804; — Masonic medalin
Honour of the Union of the Lodge " Mildthatigkcit ", and that of
the "Pelican " under the Swedish rite, with D"' Freese, who was a
member of the Aulic Council, as its presiding officer, St. Petersburg,
1780 (sev. var.) ; — Portrait-medal of Haydn, issued by the Phil-
harmonic Society of St. Petersburg, 1802 ; — VisitofKing Gustavus
./Google
- 355 —
AdolphusIV. of Sweden to St. Petersburg, 1800; — FoundiUion
of a Foundling Hospital at Moscow (sev. var.), Sec,
Bibliography. — Bolzenihal, op. dt., p. 287. — Iverseii, Die Meda'dkn geprdgt
auf die Thaten Peter des Grossen, St. Petecsbarg, 1872. — Hildebrand, of), cit.
— Marvin, 0^. cit. — Thotnsen Catahgiie. — Iversen, Bcitrag xur Russisclieii
Medaillenkunde.
LE BICHEUR, LOUIS (French). Mint-engraver at Paris under Jean
Warin, circ. 1644-1648. In 1648 he was " fermier de la monnaie
au marteau " of Paris.
LE BLANC, C. (French). Contemporary Sculptor, by whom is a
Portrait-medallion of M. Lefevre, 1883.
LE BLANC, JEAN. Vide BLANC (Vol. I, hl.E., p. 194), 1675-t 12.
December 1749. This artist is sometimes called BLANK, and was a
Goldsmith, Chaser and Engraver. He was born in 1677; received
Academician in 1718. Chavignerie et Auvray give also the follow-
ing works by him : Portrait of the Duke of Orleans, 1718; —
France handing the rudder of State to the Regent; — ■ France
inscribing the Accession of the llegent on a shield ; — Wax Portrait
of Pope Clement XII., 1738; — Portrait of Peter the Great; —
Alliance of France with the Swiss Catholics ; — Chamber of Justice,
1716; — Bronze Piaquette, Descent from the cross, signed :
Leblanc (formerly in the G. Crignon de Montigny's collection, and
now in that of M. Adrien Blanchet).
LE BLOND, MICHEL (French). An Engraved Plaque bearing the
portrait and arms of Johann Wilhelm Dilich, an architect of
Frankfort-on-M. (\(ioQ-\ 1660), was attributed by the late
Mr. Copp to this aftist (Num. Circ, X, col, 5274), but it has
since been proved to be the work of the Copper-plate Engraver
Sebastian Furck, who executed many Portraits of this kind, circ.
1 640- 1 660.
Bibliography. — Joseph and Fellner, Die Mun^en von Frankfurt am Main
1903 (Nachtrag).
LE BLOUNT or BLUNT, RALPH (Brit.). Goldsmith, and Mint-
engraver, London 1267-1280; he succeeded Richard Abel. He
probably engraved the early coinage ot Edward I.
LE BOITEUX JEAN (French). Moneyer at the Paris Mint, circ.
1549-15(13. MazeroUe quotes from several documents in which
Le Boiteux's name is mentioned in connection with orders for jetons
which he gave to the Mint-engravers A. Brucher, Jean II Cousin,
and others.
Bibliography. — MazeroIIe, op. dl.
atdb, Google
- 356-
LE BOSSe, HENRI VICTOR GUSTAVE (French). Contemporary Sculp-
tor, bom at Paris; pupil of Salmson. Hehas executed numerous Por-
trait-medallions, in bronze, some ot which were exhibited at the
Paris Salon, since 1872. The 1879 Catalogue gives the following:
M. Ernest S***; — M. Victor L***; — M. Paul G*'*; —
M.fidouard S***; — 1885. Portrait ofM™^ Leboss^; — i894.Portrait
inedit of Rcn6 le Bosse. — M'"^ Veuve j. Dumont; — Victor Du-
mont; — Emile, Jeanne, and Gaston Dumont; — Charles Barr^ ;
— 1895. Marguerite Dumont; — 1896. M. & M™" Henri Martin;
— 189S. Rene L*** ; — Jacoues Dumont; — Andree et Jacijues
Dumont ; — Lucien et Paul J***.
BiDLioGRAPiiY. — Chavignerie et Auvray, 0^. cit.
LE BOSSfi-CASCIANI, M""' LUCY (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
and author of numerous Portrait-medallions, which have been
rahibited at the Paris Salon : 1888. R. Bellanger; — A. B**'; —
1889. The artist's nephews; — 1891. Fifi, bronze medaUioii; —
Le Capitaine Bellanger ; ■ — 1892. Ma niece Yvette J***; — Monfils
Rene ; — 1895. Portrait-medallions of the artist's relatives, &c,
LE BOUCHEKAT, EBMOND {French). Mint-master at ChSlons-sur-
Marne, from the latter end of the reign of Charles VII. to the
middle of Louis XII. 's reign; then at Troyes, 1507.
Bibliography. — E. Faivte, Etal aclml des ateliers nioii^laires Jraufais, Paris,
1835.
LE BOTJCHERAT, PIERRE (French). Mint-master at ChMons, after
December 12., 1508. He issued there Douzains au porc-^pic.
LE BOURG, CHARLES ATIGUSTE (French). .Sculptor, born at Nantes
on the 2o"' February 1819, died in 1904; pupil of Rude and
Amed^e Menard.
By him are Porirait-medaUions : 1857. The King of Thule ; —
1870. Lady Wallace; — 1876. Aeolus and Thetis; — 1878.
M"" A. Lebourg; — 1880. Auguste Comte; — 1894. General Mel-
linet; — ■ 1897. Fr^re Jelian des Entommeurs; — Amador. Abbe, de
Turpenay; — ■ 1901. Monselet.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit.
LE BOVEUR, HANIM (French). Mint-engraver at Valenciennes, circ.
1368.
LE BRAELIER, JEAN (French). Sculptor, Chaser, Goldsmith, and
Enameller of Paris, fourteenth century. Some of his works border on
medal-engraving.
Bibliography. — S. Lami, Dklionnaire. dss Sculptmrs.
, Google
LE bras DE FER, robin (French). Mint-ensJraver at Angers, 1449-
1459. He struck forged Ecus and on his being detected took to
flight.
LE BRETON, HERCULE LE. TiW^ BRETON (Vol. I, A^. E. p. 279). He
engraved a Portrait-medal of Louis XIV.
LE BRUN, ANTOIKE {French). Medallist of Lyons, 1682-f 21. April
1752.
LE BRUN, DAMIEN(Fw«c/i). Engr^iver of Lyons, i68i--|- 14. January
1747-
LE BRUK, BARTHtLEMY (French). Engraver of Jetons, 1741-
1754-
LE BRUN, LOUIS (French). General des monnaies, circ. 1618-
1623.
LE BRUN, FRANgOIS (French). Master-engraver, and Medallist of
Lyons, circ. 1736-1773. ■ On the 17. December 1759 he was
appointed Mint-engraver at Lyons, in conjunctioii with Clair IV.
Jacquemin. He has engraved Jetons, among which are the Jeton of
the Agents de change of Lyons, 1773, and the Jeton of the College
of Medicine of Lyons ; both are signed : LEBRUN. Another Engraver
of the same name executed Jetons, between 1778 and 1783.
Bibliography. — N. Rondot, Les graveurs de monnaies a. Lyon, Macon, 1897.
LE BRUN, JEAN (French). Mint-engraver at Valenciennes, 1438-
1440.
LEBRUN, JOSEPH (prew^^). Master-Engraver at Lyons, 1736-1764,
and Paris, where he died in 1777. He is the author of some
medals.
LECCI, GIUSEPPE (ltd.). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Pisa.
He exhibited a Portrait-medalOon of Christ at the Salon of 1899.
LE CERF, £miLE l.Q\JlS(French). Contemporary Sculptorand Gem-
engraver, bom at Saint-Denis (Seine); pupil of Gaulard. At the
Safon of 1886 he exhibited a Portrait-medalUon of General
Cbanzy.
LECHEVREL, ALPHONSE EUGENE (French). Contemporary Gem-
engraver and Medallist, born at Paris in 1848. He is a pupil of
Henri Eran^ois and Sacristain, and a Member of the Soci^te des
Artistes fran^ais.
This artist's productions in Gem-engraving are very numerous;
the following are among the most important and comprise some of
./Google
his earliest glyptic works: 1874. Head of Minerva, cornelian; ■ —
Le Depart, carnelian ; — Study of a Greek Head, carnelian ; —
1877. La Source, after Ingres, sardonyx (belongs toM. Boucheron;)
Oriens ocddtntii
— Minerva, sardonyx ; — Portrait of Freylas de Reys, carnelian ;
— Diane de Poitiers, after Jean Goujon, sardonyx; — Medusa,
sardonyx; — Hebe, sardonyx; — 1879. George Washington, after
tV'xx
.\ . -^
France welcoming and crowning the Genius of the Old and New World.
G. Webb, cameo io carnelian; — Aesculapius, after the antique,
cameo in sardonyx; — Thiers, President of the French Republic,
cameo in sardonyx (belongs to M. Sterne); — Poor little Beggar!
,/ Google
— 359 ~
cameo in sardonyx ; — Study of a Greek head, cameo in sardonyx ;
— 1880. The seven Days of tlie Week; — Portrait of Vicomte de
Rto Branco, on a sapphire; — Female head, sardonyx; — 1S82.
Youthfnl Bacchus, intaglio in topaz ; — Maid defending herself
against the attacks of Love, intaglio, topaz; — Poetry, intaglio,
topaz; — Henry IV. young bust, intaglio, rock crystal; — Hunter,
after Fr^miet, intaglio, sardonyx; — 1883. Chloe, after J. Lefebvre,
sardonyx; — Perseus; ■ — ■ 1884. Bacchant, sardonyx intaglio; —
1885. Night distributing her poppies, sardonyx; — 1886, The
Dawn, intaglio ; — Allegory, sardonyx, intaglio ; — 1887.
M"" Lechevrel, medallion in bronze; — ■ Dawn, sardonyx intaglio ;
— 1888. Nymph and young Fauii dancing; — - M"^ Lechevrel,
cameo; — M. Desportes de la Fosse; — 1S89. Gambetta; ^
Gallia; — Ingres; —Youth; — 1890. P. J. Brocard; — Beatrix;
e falsa
e le FassS.
— B. Lechevrel; — A. Reyen ; — 1891. The President of the
Republic, cameo, and intaglio; — Hommage aux gravenrs; —
Idyll, sardonyx intagUo; — -A. Reyen, Portrait-plaquette in bronze;
— Ren^ Stern, Por trait- plaquette in silver ; — 1892. French Medal-
lists of the Nineteenth Century; — Roger Marx (illustrated); —-
H^be ; — Gallia; — President Carnot; — 1893 . M"* J. A. Lechevrel ;
— A. Liard; — M'"^ A. Reyen; — E. J. Carlier; — Full-length
portrait of M™^ J. A. Lechevrel ; — M.R, de E...; — Gallia;— 1894.
Portrait of Alfred Morrison ; — M"*^ Marie Esther Jouin ; —
Oriens Occidenlis renovat artem, plaquette (illustrated); — 1895.
CasimirP6rier;— 1897. SteGeneviSve; — 1898. Portrait ofaChild;
— Head of the French Republic; — 1899, Truth, onyx, intaglio;
— Mask of Medusa, onyx; — Portrait and Seal of M. deErrazu; —
Chloe and Cupid, intaglio in sardonyx; — Amicitia; — Patterns
./Google
— 3^0 —
for tlic Coinage of rhe French Republic; —Portrait ofj. Carlier,
statuary; — 1906, Patterns for the Nickel coinage; -— Head of the
Repubhc ; — - Design for a Medal of the " Soci^te de secours muluels
Humanity, Fraternite"; — M. Paul Doumer, President of the
Chamber of Deputies, &c.
Later date. Seal of Baron de Graffenried; — Seal of Prince
Demidofl; — Seal and Portrait of Baron de Errazu (these three
seals are considered by the artist as of the Ugliest importance); —
Two seals for the King of Greece ; — Seal of the Due de Morny ;
— Portrait of President Carnot ("plus que probablemeiit le plus
important monument de laglyptique"); — Nymph and Faun danc-
ing, intaglio in sardonyx (formerly in the Morrison Collection);
— The Dawn , after Jules Lefebvre, intaglio in sardonyx (belongs to
M. Boucheron) ; — " Consultatio ", intaglio in sardonyx (Luxem-
Hommage au
bourg Museum); — - Truth, intaglio in grey onyx; — Love,
intaglio, in sardonyx (belongs to Mr. Smith, of Chicago) ; — Mask
of Medusa, cameo in grey onyx (belongs to Mr. Maiion) ; —
Young Bacchus, intaglio in topaz; — Young girl resisting the
advances of Cupid, after Bouguereau, intaglio in topaz (belongs to
M. Prevost); — Poetry, Spanish intaglio; — Jean qui pleure et
Jean qui rit, intaglio in rock crystal (belongs to M. Boucheron);
Pack hound, after Fremiet, intaglio in sardonyx; — Suzanne,
,;.Goo'^lc
- ;6i -
cameo in black onyx; — Nymph, cameo in black onyx ; — Head
of tbe Republic; — Arms of Prince de Curdi; &c. A gem by
Lechevrel, representing a youthful Satyr holding thyrsos and danc-
ing before a nymph seated on a rock, was sold for £ 7 at the Auc-
tion Sale of the Morrison Collection.
The list ofLechevrel's medals, medallions and plaquettes is not
very extensive, but all the artist's medallic productions stand very
high in artistic quality : Homage to French Engravers, Pkquette
belonging to the Paris Mint (illustrated); — History registering
the discoveries of Archaeology, Plaquette (illustrated); — ■ Oriens
Occidentis, renovat artem, Plaquette (Luxembourg Museum, and
Paris Mint ; illustrated) ; — Head of the Republic in Phrygian cap
(Paris Mint); — Portrait ot Baron de Errazu; — Portrait oE
Alfred Morrison, of London; ^Portrait of Prof. D' Alfred Licht-
M, Rogtr Mars, Ijy Lccliuvr
wark. Director of the Hamburg Fine Art Museum (Medallion, and
Plaquette); — Portrait of F61ix Faure, President of the French
Republic; — La Bienfaisance (belongs to the city of Paris); —
Head of the Republic; — Portrait of iM. Roger Marx (illustrated);
— Blanche Suzanne Lechevrel; — Genevieve; — Portrait of a
Child; — AOHNH, uniface medal; — Adolphe Blancks; —
J. Carlier, sculptor; — Andr^Otten; — M"' Genevieve Otten ; —
M"= Yvonne Otten; — M""* J. Lechevrel; — M"= Blanche Leche-
vrel; — Gallia; — Plaquette for the Postage Stamp of 15 centimes;
— Seal for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; — Lite Saving Medal ;
— Holly : leg. Semper vireai et vigeat ; ■ — Laura; — Menu, Pla-
,/ Google
- ;63 -
quette for M. Tasset's banquet ; — Patterns for s. new Fretich coin-
age, &c. ; — Portrait of A. Liard, founder; — ConsultatiOj oval
medal in the Luxembourg Museum; — Salon of 1904. A Model;
— Child's Portrait, on sardonyx ; — 1905 , L'Histoire enregistre les
d^couvertes de I'Arch^ologie, Plaquette issued by the Soci^t6 des
Amis de la M^daille frani;aise; — Louis Herbette; — E. Charme-
let ; — Lady Maud Mary Taylor ; — The French Republic, &c,
Lechevrel is not a stranger in this country. In 1877 and 1878, he
was employed in England to ressuscitate the arc of engraved vases
in glass, in imitation of the famous Portland vase, at the Hodgetts,
Richardson & Sons' glass Works at Stourbridge.
For the Paris Exhibition of 1900, the artist completed the first
Vase in gLass of carved work ever executed by a Frenchman or in
France. He has also done very fine work as an Heraldic-engraver,
and is the author of a "Trait^ desmati^resgfin^ralement employes
dans la glyptlque ".
M. E. Babelon {Revue de VArt, 1902, II, p. 24) praises the sup-
pleness of Lechevrel's talent and M. Roger Marx the assurance of his
technique {Midailkurs fraiifais, p. 24).
The artist introduces in his medals the delicatesse of the gem-
engraver, and he has chat advantage over the ordinary medal-modeller
that he undestands engraving in metal, and can judge of the effect
of a model before it is reduced to medal-size belter than a mere
sculptor who is unaccustomed to the graving tool. Not every sub-
ject which looks well large will look well small. The nature of the
subject has to be considered. In general, though size be one of the
elements of the sublime, the realty sublime and ideal work of Arc
loses but little when reduced in dimension, as long as the propor-
tions are exactly attended to. You can have colossal propor-
tions and god-like power within the circumference of a gem for
the finger. Of this, M. Lechevrel is aware, and his plaquettes
'■ History reviving the Past "and "France welcoming and crowning
Genius " show that he fully understands what makes the real merit
and beauty of a medal,
BiBUOGRAPHY. — Informoticm kindly supplied by the artist. — Roger Marx,
Midailieiirs franfais et Medailleurs conltinporains, &c, — Chavigoerie et Auvray,
Dp, cit, — Catahgius du Salon, igoi-1904, — L. B^Q^dite, Catalogue du Musis du
Luxembourg, &c. ^ Revae de VArt, 1902, 190J. — D'' H. J. de Dompierre de
Cha\iiepii, Les Midailles ei Plaquettes moderncSt Haarlem. — Studio, Oct., 1898. —
Gazette nimismatique franfoise, 1898, 284 ; 1899, 97. — Catalogue of tU Morrison
Collection of Gems.
LECHHER, KASPAK (Germ.). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver of
Mmiich, 1586-1616. In 1586 he cur a seal for Duke William of
Bavaria.
BiBLioGHAPHY. — J. V. Kull, Dw Munxstatle Munchen am Ende des XVII.
fahrhuiiderts, Mittli. der B;iyer. Num. Gesell, XIX, 33, 45.
./Google
~ 36; -
LECLECH & C (French'). Issuers of private cun-ency, 10 Sol pieces
of two types, i7')2. They resided at Clermont (Oise).
LECLERC {French). A Frankfort Coronation medal ot Joseph II.,
1764, with French legends and ^ inscription : IL RE^UT DU
CIEL LA VERTU &c., is signed K (for Kaiserswerth, according to
Fiala, which is however very uncertain) and LE.C. L. IWV. Leclerc
was probably only the designer of this medal, which Joseph u.
Fellner describe (11° 2188) without adding any information on its
authorship.
BiBLioGR/iPHY. — Kalalog der Mmi\m-und Medaillm-Stempel Samiiihing &.
LECLERC, DAVID L. (Siaiss). Court-medallist to the Landgrave ot
Hesse at Cassel, towards the end of the seventeenth century. He
was a native of Berne, in which city he practised at first die-sinking.
He usually signed his productions : LE CLEHC P, (David Le Clerc
Pere), whereas his son, Gabriel Leclerc, who appears to have succeeded
him at Cassel, signed LECLERC orGLC.
According to Strickler, a D. Leclerc was a Portrait Painter, born
at Berne in 1680, died at Frankfort-on-M., in 1738. He settled at
Frankfort in 1698, resided also for some time at Paris, and from
1715-1717 in London.
Bibliography. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cil. — AUgemdne Dsutsche Bio-
sraphie, 188},
LECLERC, GABRIEL (Swiss). Medallist of the end of the seven-
teenth and first iialfofthe eighteenth centuryaVc. 1685-1737. He
first worked at Basle, then at Gissel, and Berlin, and for some time
was Mint-master at Bremen, 1737-1743 (?). His signature : G-LC
or -GLC occurs on Thalers of Basle, undated (circ. 1685); — Prize
Medal, Adoration of the Shepherds and three Kings (M and JPJ) ;
— ■ Prize Medal, obv. Lion ^ View of Basle (signed -GLC); —
Medallic Thaler, 1691 ; — Medal of George William of Brunswick,
^. META aVIES&c. Horse galloping, 1700 (signed : G, LE CLERC) ;
— Jubilee of the High School of Rintelen, Hesse-Cassel, 1721
(possibly by Isaac Leclerc), &c.
Nagler (Monogrammisim, III, p. 48, n" 142) mentions that
Gabriel Le Clerc died in 1743, and had resided in turn at Basle,
1685, Cassel, Berlin, and Bremen.
Bibliography. — Bokcnthal, op. cil. — R. S. Poole, Swiss Coins in iheSoiiih
Kensington Museum, 1 878. — Thomsen Medal Caiahgiie. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann,
op. cil.
LECLERC, GUILLAUME (French). President of the " Cour des
Monnaies ", 1600.
,stsd by Google
~ 364 -
LECLERC, ISAAC (5wwj). Probably a son of Giibrielleclerc, and a
brother of David L., ; also Court medallist atCassel, during the first
half of the eighteenth century, until about 1746. He engraved a
number of medals, the two best known commemorating the
Centenary of the foundation of Marburg University; also Jubilee of
the University of Rinteln (Hesse-Cassel), 1721, Isaac Leclerc was
also a skilled Gem-engraver. He died at Cassel in 1746.
Bibliography. — Bolzenthal, ap. cit. — Michaud, Biog. Vniverselh, XXIII, 528,
LECLERC, L. (French). Die-sinker of the second qtiarter of the
nineteenth century. He engraved Pattern 20 and 5 Franc pieces,
and 10 Centime pieces for the Monetary Commission of the second
French Republic, 1848. These Pattern coins are reproduced in
De Saulcy, Souvenirs numismatiques de la Revolution de 1S4S.
By him are also Portrait-medals of Lord Byron ; — Eustache
Lesueur, 1828, and others.
LECLERC, LOUIS (Frencli). Mint-master, in conjunction with Paul
Bain, at Meung near Orleans, 1655-1656. He issued a coinage of
Liards.
BiBiiOGRAPiiY. — Artiould, Le Monnayage 3e Vatelin-d'Orleam,
LECLERC, MENGIN {French). Mint-master at Nancy, 1489 (1490).
BrBT.ioGRAPHY. — Lepage, op. cit.
LECLERC, NICOLAS {French). Sculptor 'and Medallist of Lyons
(maitre tailleur d'images et magon) 1487-1508. He was instructed,
in conjunction with Jehan de Saint-Priest, to prepare models of the
medal, cast by Jean Lepere and his brother Colin, in commemora-
tion of the Visit to Lyons of King Louis XIL and Anne of Brittany,
1500. Nicolas Leclerc is called, in a document of March 1499,
" tailleur d'ymaiges ", and in another, it is said that he made " !a
taille et fa^on des portraictz et moUes ".
Rondot observes that I^clerc and St. Priest " had not learned
from Candida how to correct the realism of their portraits in order
to give them some dignity, "
BtELiofiiiAPHY. — Mazerolle, op. cit. — Rondot, Lfs Midailhurs lyonnais, 1897.
LECLERC, SEBASTIAN (French). Draughtsman and Engraver of
the second half of the seventeenth century. " He was born at Metz
in 1637 "' ^^y Franks & Grueber, " studied at first under his
father, a Goldsmith, and in 1665 came to Paris where he worked
with Charles Le Brun. In 1672 he was appointed Professor of
perspective at the Royal Academy of Painting, and later on, private
Engraver to Louis XIV. He designed a large number of types for
the medallic series of that monarch, and there is in the British
./Google
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Museum a volume in MS. containing his original designs for this
worlt, with noces by members of the Academy, M. de Pontchar-
train, Louis XIV. himself, and others. Leclerc died at Paris,
25. October 1714. "
Among the medals designed by this artist are : 165S, Battle of
Dunkirk (by Roussel and Molart); — Another (by Mauger); —
1689. Louis XIV. receives James IL (by Mauger); — 1690. Battle
of Fleurus (by Roussel and Molart); — 1692. Taking of Namur
(by Maugen ; — Battle of Steinkirk (by Mauger) ; — Another (by
Roussel anaMolart);- — 1693, Sea-fightoff Gibraltar (by Roussel);
— Battle of Landen (by Roussel and Molart) ; — Another (by
Mauger), &c.
Bibliography. — Franks & Grueber, Medallic Illuslrations oj ihe Hislory of Great
Britain and Ireland, London, 1885, p. 730. — Nouvelk Biographic gin^raU, XXX,
p. 201. — Nagler, Kiinsl!er- Lexicon.
LECLERCQ, JULIEN GABRIEL (Belg.). Sculptor and Medallist, born
at Ghent on the 22"^ February 1805, died at Brussels, 23. February
1882, He studied at first at the Ghent Academy,and later at Paris,
where he became a pupil of David d' Angers. He settled at Brussels
in 18S5, and executed there several works of sculpture in commis-
sion for the city, such as the bas-relief of St. Joseph's Church and
a group of children for the Chamber of Commerce.
Leclercq's most important medals are : 1S27, Leo XII., on the
Concordat; — .1831, Baron Surletde Chokier, Regent of Belgium;
— 1832. Visit of Leopold I. to Louis-Philippe at Compifegne ; —
1833. Tribute of Belgians to the Poles; — 1834. Prize Medal of the
Royal Agricultural Society; — 1835. Simon Lubin; — 1836.
P. J. Triest, Canon of Ghent; — 1837. Prize Medal of the Lifege
Horticultural Society; — 1838, Felix, Count of Merode; —
Charles, Count of Montalembcrt ; — Nicolas Jean Rouppe, Burgo-
master of Brussels; — Engelbert Sterckx, Archbishop of Malines
(2 var.); — 1839. B. G. Dumortler; — ■ F. David, Burgomaster of
Verviers; — 1841. Jetton of the Belgian Royal Acadetny of Sciences
and Letters ; — Prize Medal of the Philharmonic Society of Brussels ;
— 11* Anniversary of September 1830 (2 var.); — 1842. Edou-
ard de Biefve, painter; — 1844. Navigation maritime; — 1845.
Royal Conservatoire of Brussels (2 var.); — Charles Liedis; — ■
1847. Exhibition at Brussels ; — Pattern Five Franc piece;— 1848.
Reward for services rendered during the epidemic of Cholera (sev.
var.); — 1849. Exhibition of Flanders; — 1851, Royal Academy
of Sciences, Letters and Fine Arts ; — H. van Hulthem, &c,
Leclercq's signature appears variously as : J. L. ; — j. LECLERCQ
— JDLIEN LECLERCQ F.
Bibliography. — Guioth, Giavnirs en mMailleset monnaies. Revue de la numis-
matique bdge. 1854, p. 345. — T)°, Hisloiie Huniismiilique de !a Revolution beige.
„Coo<^lc
— 366 ~
Hasselt, 1845 . — Piot, Catalogue du Dipdt das Coii
nant d I'Etat, Bruxelles, 1861. — Imraerzetl, op. d.
en Belgiqueav XIX' stkle, 1905.
LECLERQ, BONAVEHTURE (Fretuh) Goldsmith of Laon, end of the
sixteenth century. On the 12"' February 1590, he was commission-
ed to strike Q.uarter and | Q.urirter-Ecus of Charles X, His son,
CLAUDE LECLERQ was associated by him in the work of cutting the
dies for the coins which were issued at Laon, between 1590 and 1593,
when they resigned their office. These coins were : Gold Ecus,
Q.uarter,-an<i Eighth Ecus, Gros de Nesle, and Double Sols, and
bear the letters LA at the end of the obv. legend, with L in centre
of cross on ^. The LA probably signifies LAOK whereas the L on
^L is the Engraver's tnitiat.
BiBtiOGRAPHY. — Paul Bordeaux, L'Atelier monUaire de Laon pendani la Ligue,
Ann. num., 1895, p. 497. — E. Faivre, £lal acluel des ateliers monSlaiies franfais,
189s.
LECOCQ, GILLES dit DES JARDINS {French). Medallist, born at
Nancy in 1649, and died there, 18. September 1705.
LE COQ DE LAUTREPPE, FfiLICIEN WILLIAM ALBERT {French).
Contemporary Sculptor, born at Paris; pupil of Henry Cros. In
1883 he exhibited at the Salon a Portrait-medallion in broni^e oi
Sir Thomas Gladstone.
LECOIHTE, LfiON AIMfi JOACHIM (French). Sculptor, born at Paris
on the 9. April 1826; pupil of Klagmann, and A. Toussaint. By
him arc several medalUc works, among which I may mention :
1850, Portrait-medallions in bronze; — 1873. The beautiful
Maddalena, Plaque; — 1875- Assassination of Alexanderde' Medici,
Plaque; — 1878. Portraits of the sons of M. P***, Medallion in
terracotta.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie el Auvray, op. cil.
LE CONTE, JEAN (French). Mint-cngraver atSaint-Q.ucntin, 1400-
140 1.
LE COTJR, PAUL (French). Engraver, Chaser, and Manufacturer of
buttons at Lyons, second half of the eighteenth century. He issued
religious medals and badges.
LECOMTE, f£lix (French). Sculptor, born at Paris on 16. January
1737, died on 18. January 1817 ; pupil of Falconnet and Vasse. By
him are some Portrait-medallions and Plaques : Bacchus and Cupid
asleep ; — Cardinal de La Rochefoucault, &:c.
LE COMTE (French). Die-sinker of Rouen, known by a medal of the
" Asiles des AU^nSs", Paris, 1867; also the author of the commem-
,i.do/ Google
onitive Medal of the Inauguration of the Northern Railway, of
France, June 1S46.
LEDEVIN, fiDOUARD REN£ {French). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Paris ; pupil of Millet and Truph&me. At the
Salon of 1S92 he exhibited several Portrait-plaquettes in silver; —
again in 1893, and Louis XV., plaquettes, representing rustic
sceneries.
LE DOUBLE, FR^DtRIC AUGUSTE MARIE kUSt (Freiich). Contem-
porary Sculptor and Medallist, born at Gregy (Seine-et-Marne) ;
pupil of Georges Lemaire, and Georges Tonnelier.
Among this artist's medalhc productions are : Portrait of the
Artist, Plaquette in engraved steel; — Confiance, Plaquette in
silver; — Orffevrerie, Plaquette in silver; — Baptism of Chlodvig ; —
Triumph of Chlodvig, after J. Blanc, Plaquettes (reproductions of
two panels); — Fete antique, Plaquette in engraved steel; — On
Parade; — English Greyhound; — Portrait of" Voisin Pierriche" ;
— Truth, Plaquette; — Birth of Venus, plaquette in steel; —
Charmeuse ; — Seal of the Society of Orientalists ; — Fides ; —
Dav.'n ; — The Art of the Goldsmith ; — Sceur de lait ; — M.C.*** ;
— The first step; — Diurne, Nocturne, Parisiana (medals); —
Return of the Victorious Chlodvig, after J. Blanc. Salon of 1904 : Two
plaquettes in silver-gilt, engraved direct on steel (reproductions
from the frieze of the Pantheon, after J. Blanc), — St. Anthony of
Padua ; — *' Fete antique ", plaquette on steel; — Salon of 1905.
History of Chlodvig ; — Allegory with the artist's portrait ; — 1 906 .
Pri^re de I'enfant; — Chapiteau ii contours; — Seal; — M"'-' L.
de S***; — M. X***; — Head of the Republic, &c.
" M. Fr6ddric Le Double", saysM. Babelon, " m^rite une place h
part. Cette aiinee (1902) encore, il a expose une belle ceuvre intitnl^e
FSte antique, plaquette en ni^tal patine, d'apr^ une feuille d'acier
srav6e au burin, qui a du lui couter de longues veilles. Le m^rite
de M. Le Double est d'autant plus grand que le public n'appr^cie
gu^re la difference, pourtant essentielle, qui existeentre le modelage
en matifere malleable d'un bas-relief que rapetisse aveugl^mcnt le
tour ci reduire, et la ciselure delicate et p^nible d'un bloc d'acier.
Ce dernier procM^ est de plus en plus abaudonn^, pourtant, si Ton
y avait eu recours directement pour les coins de nos monnaies
actuelles, on n'aurait pas aboutl aux d^plorables r^sultats qu'on
connait trop, puisqu'ils sont entre toutes les mains " (^Revue de I'Art,
1902, II, p. 24).
Bibliography. — Catalogues du Salon, 1900-1904.
LE DOYEN, FIRMIN (^French). Engraver of Lyons, 1528-1529.
LEDRU, AUGUSTE (^French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Paris ;
pupil of Boisseau, Duniont, and Thomas. He was awarded in 1894
10/ Google
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a Medal of the Third class, and in 1896, another of the second
class.
At the Salon of 1902 he exhibited some Pkquettes representing
" Venus slumbering ", and one entitled " Coquille " in patinated
clay. Previously in 1885, a Portrait-medallion in bronze of M"^ A*** ;
■ — 1897. The two Pearls, &c.
LE DDC, M"'^ cfiLESTIKE MARIE (French). Contemporary Modeller,
who at the Salon of 1885 exhibited some Portrait-medailions in
wax, and in 1886, a PortraitTmedallion of M'"= du B***.
LEE, EDWARD {Brit.'). Archbishop of York, 1531-1541 ; the last
Prelate who issued money at York. He strucl': Half-Groats, with E. L.
or L. E. at sides of shield, without the cardinal's hat and with
mint-mark a key.
Half Groat of Henry VIII., struck by Archbishop Lee.
Bibliography. — - Riiding, op. cit. — Hawkins, op, cU.
LEEFKEK, JEAN (Russ.). Mint-engraver at St. Petersburg, under
Peter the Great, 1694-1709.
LEEFKEN, J, J. (Ruis.). Probably a son of the last. Medallist to the
St. Petersburg Mint, appointed in 1739. By him is a large Memorial
Medal of the Empress Anne, which Wiis struck at Moscow, where
he was sent in 1742; also a Coronation Medal of Catherine I., and
copies of earlier medals of Peter the Great, such as : Capture of
Azow; — Peace of Carlowitz (in which he created a fantastic por-
trait of the Czar), &c.
Leef ken's medals are signed : J. LEEFKEN or | ■ — s.
In the Archives of the St. Petersburg Mint, the artist is also
called .leBiiH'i, and /leBKHHt.
Bibliography. — Iverseii, MedailUn auf dw Thalen Pelerdes Grossm, 1872.
LEEUWE, JEAW DE (Belg.). Obtained a concession from Philip III.
to issnc Liards, and Half Liards, at Bois-le-Dnc, 1611-1615.
LEFEBVRE, AWDR£ REN* GABRIEL (French). Contemporary Sculp-
tor, born at Vincennes; pupil of Hiolin, and Antonin Merci^. At
the Salon of 1905 he exhibited a Portrait-medal of M. E. D*"",
LEFEBVRE, CLAUDE (French). General des Monnaies, 1593.
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LEFEBVRE, HIPPOLVTE (^French). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, residing at Paris ; pupil of Caveller, Barrias, and Coutan ;
Prix de Rome. He was born at Lille and is still a young man (15106).
Some of this clever artist's medals and plaquettes are very charm-
ing : 1889. Marie; — 1891. Perdriset and Jouguet; — Julie Le-
feBvre; — 1897. Le Peignage; — Plaquette for the Chamber of
Commerce of Roubalx (44 X 3 5 mill.) ; — Portrait of M"" Marie
Lefebvre (60 mill.) ; — Portrait of M"" Agache ; — Portrait of M"^
Kulmann, Plaquette; — Portrait of a Child, Plaquette (46 X 32
mill.); — Male Bust, to 1.; — Baby (reproduced in D"' Dompierre
de Chaufepid's work) ; -—1899. 25"' Anniversary of the marriage of
Hopital des jeuoes aveugles, by H. Lefebvre.
J. Agache and Celine Desmedt, Plaquette; — M™ Kulmann, Pla-
quette;-— -Edmond Agache, Plaquette; — -Edouard Agache; — and
38 Portrait-plaquettes (belonging to M. Schaeffer); — 1900. The
Chamber of Commerce of Lille to Philippe de Girard (45 mill.) ; —
1902. Hospital for young Blind (issued by the "Soci™ des Amis de
laM^daille"; (obv. illustrated); — 1904. Portraits ofM. & M"'" de
Schlumberger (" ceuvre d'un art exact sans duret^ et d'un models
trfesfin").
There is a peculiar interest and pleasure in watching the progress
of a young artist, from the time when he manifests such indications
of superiority as to attract special notice, through all the several
./Google
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stages of advancement, till he has won for himself an imperisbaWe
name. Some do not fulfil the promise of their youth ; others contin-
ue their onward progress. May this be the case of this Medallist,
who has won the sympathy of many, and been entrusted with
orders from the "Society des Amis de la MSdaiUe fran?aise", a
body of connoisseurs whose judgment is guided only by the
highest principles of Art.
Without giving up sculpture, Lefebvre has in recent years exe-
cuted several medals and cast medallions, which are very original in
character. M, R. Mars observes that they are" d'une ing^niosit^
pittoresque tres vive",and reproduces several in Medailkurs cmtem-
porains, PI. 29, n"' 7-9 and ii,
Bibliography, — Gazette numismatique franfaise, 1897-1902. — R. Marx, Les
MMailhurs frattfau. — D", MedailkuTS modernes en France et d f Stranger, 1900.
— D'' Dompierre de ChaufepiS, MMailks et Piaquettei nwderms, II, III. — Cata-
logue du Salon, 1902.
LEFEBVRE, LOUIS (Belg.). Goldsmith of Cambrai ; appointed
Engraver at the Mint there, on the i'' May 1564, and replaced by
Georges Muenincx on the i"' November 1567. By him are probably
the following coins issued during his tenure of ofiice : N. Denier
or Florin 0^24 Patards; — Ecu of 48 Patards; — ■ ^. Daldcr,
with double-eagle on one side, and arms of the Archbishop of
Cambrai on the other; — Dalder, with St. Maximilian on obv., of
the value of 36 Patards; — Half Dalder, of both types; — Pieces
of 6, 3, and i Patards; 12, 6 and 3 Deniers; — JE. i Denier; —
Various Jettons in silver and copper.
BmuoGRAPHV. — A. Pinchart, Biographie des Gravcun lielges. Rev. num.
beige, 1858, p. 47.
LEFEBVRE, L, J. {French). Editor of a commemorative medal of
the Inundations in Gelderknd, 18(11.
LEFEBVRE, NICOLAS (or NICOLAS FAVRE). {French.'). Goldsmith
of Riom, Mint-cngravcr there, 1587-1590, and again, 1593-
1594.
LEFEBVRE, NICOLAS {French). Mint-engravcr at Clermont, 1587-
1589.
LEFEBVBE, ROBERT {Belg.). Goldsmith, and Mint-engraver at
Cambrai, 1561-1564.
LE FERME {French). Medallist and Engraver of Jetons at Pari;
circ. 1676-1683. By him ai
Jetons for the Royal House.
676-1683. By him are several medals of Louis XIV, and
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LEFEVRE (French). Medallist of the first quarter oi the nineteenth
century. He contributed to Dnrand's Series and Mudie's National
Medals. Among the former is a Portrait-medal of D' A. Vesalius,
1830, and in the English series : Battle of Vittoria, 1813 (IJi-).
There is also a medal on the Death of General Lannes, 1809, by
him.
LEFtVRE, MARIE JOSEPH (French'). Coniemporary Sculptor, born
at Paris; pupil of L. Noel and Etienne Leroux. At the Salon of
1897 he exhibited Portrait- medallions of M. Mathet ; and Leon
Harmel, &c.
LEFtVRE, LESAGE & C (French). A Paris firm, which in 1792
issued silver Tokens for 20 Sols (sev. var.), 10 Sols (sev, var.)
5 Sols (sev. var.), and copper 18 Deniers (sev. var.). These coins
were withdrawn from circulation in the same year, hy a decree of
the National Assembly of 27. August 1792.
Bibliography. — Dewamin, Ccnf anj i!e numismatiqiK franfaiss de ijSg h iSSg.
LEFFLER, FERDINAND (Austr.). Mint-master at Hall in Tyrol,
1601-1610.
LEFFLER, GREGORIDS (Austr.). Founder (" Puechsenguesser") oi
Innsbruck, who cast two very large medals, one of King Maximi-
lian, 1550, weighing 359 Mark 7 Loth, and the other, commemor-
ating the marriage of King Maximihan with Queen Marie, of a
weight of 350 Mark 10 Loth.
Bibliography. — C. Oesterrelcher, op. cit.
LEFFMANM, D' HENRY (Anter.). Chief Coiner at the Philadelphia
Mint, appointed by President Cleveland, on 10"'' January 1888, but
he does not appear to have been confirmed in office,
LE FLAMENC, PIERRE (French). Mint-master and Engraver at
Arras, circ. 1304-1306.
LE FORESTIER, DENIS (French). Mint-engraver at Rouen, 1527-
1543-
LE FORESTIER, JEAN (French). Mint-engriiver at Rouen, circ.
1482-15 18.
LEGASTELOIS, JULES PROSPER JOSEPH MARIE EDMOND (French).
Sculptor and Medallist, born at Paris in 1855; pupil of Eug.
Levasseur (Director of the Municipal School of the third arrondis-
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setnent of Paris) Emile Carlier, statuary, Roty, and Tonnellier,
medallists and geni-e no ravers.
Among the Prizes which have been awarded to the artist are ;
Silver and Bronze medals at the Universal Exhibition of 1889 ;
Mention honorable at the Salon des Artistes franqais, 1896 ; Medal
of the Third class. Salon of 1898 ; Bronze Medal at the Universal
Exhibition of 1900, &c. In :888, he was made an Officier d' Aca-
demic, and in 1894, Officier d'instruciion publique.
Legastelois is the author of numerous works of sculpture : Bust
of Fenelon (commissioned by the State, and now in the Lyc^e of
Chamb^ry) ; — Bust of Clara d'Anduze, bronze (erected at Anduze,
Card); — Bust of D' Tourasse, bronze^ Sic.
The ioilowing are his principal iiiLil.dlic ";oductions : La
X
■W^^l
LaJeuiieSse, by Legastdois.
Jeunesse, Plaquette commissioned by the "Soci^te des Amisde la
m^daille fran^aise " (illustrated); — Portrait- plaquette : Duvau-
chel, poet; — M"' ligastelois; — M'"^ V. P***; — Deblois pere,
French Engraver; — M™ V. L***, solfeggio; — Gilbert, decora-
tor ; — Portraits de mon Pfire et de ma Mfte ; — Ren^e ; —
Minerva ; — Jupiter ; — M. & M"^ B*** (two plaquettes exliibited
at the Luxembourg Museum) ; — E. Molinier, formerly Assistant-
keeper at the Louvre (illustrated) ; — ■ Deblois pere et fils ; — The
Child with the rose ; — Portraits of Courtin, Domergue, Gautruche,
Belard ; — Christ on the Cross ; — Deblois pere,; — Chicou's
Dream ; — M™= V Chieze ; — John the Baptist ; — Gloria Virginis ;
— Enfants G^* ; — Ren^e G*** ; — Spinner and Child ; — L'Ha-
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bitation ; — Le MobUier; — ■ La " Zuricb " ; — The Due de Diiio ;
— The, Paris Fair; — Embarcatioiis at Sea; — Birthday Medal
(the last seven were exhibited at the Salon of 1904 and are the prop-
erty of the Paris Mint).
The artist made the following medallic exhibits between 1890
and 1900 : 1890. Three Portrait-medallions in bronze; — 1898.
M. L***; — Grand-mother; — V. P***; — M. & M"'^ Martin ; —
Portrait of Gilbert; — Autumn; — Poetry; ■ — D'Hervilly ; —
Gounod; — Gabrielle-Ludenne ; — ■ Lucie et Alice; — Renfe; —
Vierge; — Bury; — Jupiter; — Lucie; — Minerva; — Roussel;
— 1S99- Twenty-eight Portrait-pkquettes in silver and bronze
(belonging to M. Querela jun% editor) ; — M. Lecomte ; —
M. Garrido; — 1901. Mes Parents; — 1903. Leon Duvauchel; —
1905. M. C***; — Robert Planqiiette; — 1905 and 1906, Various
Medals and Plaqueites, &c.
The plaquette " La Jeunesse " is considered, with reason, one of
the finest example^ of modern medallic art ; the effect Is charming,
and the patina very clever.
" On ne pent n6gliger", says a writer in Art& Decoration, 1899,
II, p. 53, "de relever les tentatives de M. Legastelois pour varier
les aspects de la medaUle famili^re par les decoupures des formes,
la dorure en ,ors varies, &c. Sans doute, ses reliefs sont-its trop
effaces, ses effets trop pittoresques et cette fantaisie tend-ellc a 6ter
k la m^daille un pen de sa dignite. Mais tets morceaux, ■"""
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pliisieurs de ses portraits, n'en sont pas moins des effigies qui ont
leur reel interfet d'art. "
Bibliography. — Information k'mdly Jumishedby the artist. — Catalogues du Salon,
1900-1904. — Ga:^ette nuntumatique frangaise, i8g8, p. 284; 1900, p. 429. —
Roger Marx, MUaiUeurs Jranfais. — D", MidmUean conUmporains. — Art el
Dilcoration, 1899, 11, 53. — Moderne Medailh, igoo, p. 14. ^D'' J. de Dompicrre
de Chaufepi^, M^dailles et Plaqmttes modernis, 11, p. 66.
LE GADLT, MARTIN {French). Mint-engraver at Paris, some time
before 1519, until 1527, He succeeded Guiilaume du Cliefdela-
ville, and 1527, Claude Lemay was appointed to the office. On
May 21, 1520, he delivered dies for Grands bkncs (St.-L6);
7, December 1521, dies for gros Testons and Half gros Testons
(Limoges); 11. December 1521, Dies for Ecus an soleil and Grands
Bkncs (Tours) ; 11. February 1523, dies for Ecus, and Grands
Blancs, the latter with the distinctive mark of Jacques Louvet,
Mint-master at Tours ; 20. April 1523, dies for Ecus oor au soleil.
Half Ecus, Grands Blancs of 10 Deniers tournois, and Doubles
Tournois (Bayonne); 22. September 1525, dies for Ecus d'or au
soleil, Gros Testons, and Half Gros Testons (Poitiers).
By the same engraver are a number of Jetons : 15 19. Jetons with
the arms of Pope Leo X. and Francis L ; — Jetons for the Sieur
de La Chapellc; — 1520. Jetons for Claude de la Croix, King's
Counsellor; — 1524. Jetons for the Chambre dcs Comptes ot
Languedoc.
He signed M. Gaull.
Bibliography. — F. Mazerolle, LesMedailieurs frangais, Paris, 1902. — Blan-
che!, Manuel &c. II, pp. 591 et 394. — N. Rondot & H. De La Tour, op. dl.
p. i8i.'
LEGAY, JEAN (French). A Paris Engraver, circ. 1382-1384, who
cut irons for " Gettouers de loton ".
LEGENDRE, CLSmENT {^French). Mint-engraver at Lyons, some
time previous to and until 1633.
LfiGER, GEUFFROY (French). Mint-engraver at Troyes, some time
previous to and until 1515.
LEGG, COLONEL (Brit.). A patent was granted to Sir Thomas
Armstrong and Colonel Legg, on the iS''' May 1680, to issue a
coinage of Irish Halfpennies of Charles IL (dates 1680-1684) and
James IL (dates 1685-1688). The coins have on obv. the King's
bust and on IJi. a harp.
BiBUOGRAPHY. — H. A. Grucber, Handbook of the Coinage of Great Britain and
Ireland, London, 1899.
LEGRAND, ALEXANDRE (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
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La Delivrance (Calvados). He is the author of several cast bronze
Portrait-medallions : M"* Legrand; — Philippe de Girard; —
Portrait of a Lady, &c.
LE GRAND, JACQUES {French). Gan^ral des Monnaies, 1582.
LE GRAND, JEUFFROY (French). Mint-engraver at Troyes, circ.
1498-1499.
LEGROS, ALPHOHSE (French). Contemporary Painter, Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Dijon, on the 8"' May 1837; pupil of Lecoq de
Boisbaudran, and the Ecole des Beaux-Arts; medals in 1867 and
1S68 ; former Slade Professor in University College, London, 1876-
189^; President of the Society of Medallists.
Tlie artist " had no assistance in his education, and encountered
many hardships before he was able to send a picture to the Salon;
it was a portrait of his father, exhibited in 1857 ". In 1859, " The
Angelus " attracted much attention, and in 1861 appeared the '*Ex
Voto ", belonging to the Dijon gallery. " Since 1863 Legros has
resided in England, where he has received the honour and patronage
which he failed to obtain in Paris, and this consideration has at
length extended itself to his native country".
" On his arrival in London, says M. L6once B^nedite, Legros
found himself on almost virgin soil, which it delighted him to clear
and to cultivate. To this task he devoted more than twenty years
of his life, sacrificing his own work, with its prospects of success
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and other more material advantages, to this labour. Whether in
painting or in etching (he restored to his place of honour, next to
Rembrandt, our great Meryon, wliose influence is to be seen in
every modern English plate), or in medal
brought in touch with Pisanello), or i
'ork (which he again
ary (he made one feel
Viilk beaidless busi to 1., by Ltgios.
and love and better understand the divine genius of antiquity),
Legros — aided by his friend Lant6ri, the modest and learned
,/ Google
_ 377 ~
sculptor — teaching at South Kensington, exercised a profound and
a real influence by means of his solid, practical and methodical
instruction, by force of his own work, so sober, thoughtful, lofty,
grave and even austere, and by dint of studying and admiring the
great masters, and noting attentivi.lv the t;rand principles by which
they were inspired. " (^StiuHc, XXIK |.}
Cardinal Manning.
The following Portrait-medallions, all cast in bronze, are executed
in the manner of Pisanello. " La serie de ses mMailles, d'un
travail gras et libre, proclame sans conteste le culte vou6 k Pisano ".
Roger Marx, Gax_- des Beaux-Arts, 1904, I, 328) : Charles Robert
Darwin, 1881 ; signed A. L, ; 4.5 in. (the first medallion made by
the artist) ; — Thomas Carlyle (1881) ; — Alfred Tennyson, poet
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- 378 -
laureate C 1 88 r); signed : A. LEGROS (illustrated); — John Stuart Mill
fi883); — W. E. Gladstone, 1882 ^L. FIDE ET VIKTUTE
(4.45 in.); — Orlando Martorelli, 1881 ; — Pierre Gregoire ; —
Maria Valvona, 1881 ; — Don Juan Heredia; — -Antonio Escoredo;
— Bust of a Girl to right with long hair (2.9 in.); — Male,
bearded bust to left, without name; signed : A. L. (3,8 in); ■ —
Giovanni Labresca ^L. Donato Vidari (4.6 in.) ; — Cardinal Man-
ning; ■— Male, beardless bust to 1. ; signed A. L. {illustrated) ; ■ —
S. H. Shannon; — Orlando Martorelli, MDCCCLXXXI; —
Victor Snrville; ■ — Nicolas Blacas^ — Male Portrait in beretta,
with Greek legend; — Jacob Moro; — Donato Capello; — Denis
Urbain; — Jules Raud; — Gil de Mesa; — A young Girl's head
in high relief, facing, cup-shaped-medallion ; — Portrait of a model,
bearing the fancy name " Marquis de Bedmar " ; — Constantine
A. lonides 5^-- Inscription and date 1881 ; — -Fontis ad Originum;
— La Mort et le Bficheron, &c.
" The art of modelling wax medallions to be cast in metal, in the
manner of the old Italian medallists, has been revived in England
by such artists as Professor Legros, Sir E. J. Poynter, P.R.A., and
Mr. W.B. Richmond, A.R.A.... The Italian medallists, like the
modern artists who have adopted their way of work, were frequent-
ly painters as well as medallists; Pisano, it will be remembered,
was accustomed to sign his bronzes " Opus Pisani Pictoris "; and
the technique of their medals, in its shallow relief and in the free
handling by which the outlines and planes are rendered - — the
portraits very often appearing, as it has been finely said, like " a
mere film, a sort of haze which has risen on the bronze and
gathered into human likeness' — recalls unmistakably the methods
of workers with the brush. " (J. M. Gray, James and William
Tassie, Edinburgh, 1894, pp. 42, 72).
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, cp. cit. — Clement and Hutton,
Artists of the ninelmiih century, London, 1806. — D' F. P. Weber, Medals and
Medallions, &c. — L^once BSnSdiie, Alphonse Legros, Paris, 1900. — Ibid.,
Alphonse Ligros, Painter and Sculptor, Studio, XXIX, 1 . — Roger Marx, Medail-
leurs fraii^ais, 2}; Midailleurs contemporains, PI. 31.; L'Exposition Alphonse
Legros, Gaz. des Beaux-Arts, 1904,!, 32}. — Reutie de I' Art, 1^00, ^y] . —
Cochran-Patrick, Catahgue of the Medals of Scotland, 1884. — Art et Dicoration,
igoo. — Numismatic Chronicle, 1832,89. — Numismatic Circular, December
1901 & January ig02.
LEGUEULT, EUGfiNE (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Saint-Sever (Calvados); pupil of Falguiere, Thomas and Leroux. At
the Salon of 1890 he exhibited eight Portrait -medallions in bronze,
LEHARIVEL-DUROCHER, VICTOR EDMOND (FreKjfi). Sculptor, born
at Chann (Orne) on the 20* November 1S16 ; died in 1878 ; pupil
of Beiloc, Ramy Jun'^ and A. Dumont; created a Kniglit of the
Legion of Honour in 1870,
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By this artist are a number of Portrait-medallions, cast in bronze,
some of which were exhibited at the Paris Salons, between 1846
and 187S : 1852. Portrait of M. B***; — 1855. Marquis tie Clien-
nevieres, &c.
BiBLioGRflPHY. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit.
LEHERK, CHRISTOPH JAKOB (Germ.'). Medallist of Augsburg,
born in 1647, worked there from 1683 to 1707, in which year he
was beheaded, at Vienna, at the age of^sixty, tor strildng false coins.
His productions are few, but of good execution, especially a Portrait-
medal of Leonhard Weiss, and a commemorative medal of the
Relief of Vienna, in 1683. By him are also : Victories of John III.
Sobieski ; — John III. Sobieski invested with the French orders of
St. Michael and St. Esprit ; — Portrait- medal of the King, Danzig ;
— Capture of Belgrade, 1689; — ^. of another medal on the same
event, r688 ; — Counter on the Restoration of Peace, with bust of
William in. of England, 1691; — William III., Upholder
of the Protestant faith, 1691; — Medal of John Huss; —
Coronation Counters of Joseph I., 1690 (sev. var., undated),
Eleonora Magdalena Theresia, the Emperor's mother, John William,
Prince Palatine, 1690, &.C.; — John III. Sobieski; — Marriage
Medal, TREU UND LIEB STETS BEI UNS BLEIB, &c. ; —
Charies, Duke of Lorraine ^L. lUNCTA-PIAE-PORTIS-
FORTIOR. Two hands issuing out of clouds holding, the one a
cross, and the other a decapitated head on sword; signed CIL.
(communicated to me by Mr. Szkolny, of Munich), &c.
All Leherr's medals are signed ; CIL.
Bibliography. — Bolzenthal, op. cil. — Franks & Grueber, op. dt. — Fiala,
op. cit. — Joseph & Fellner, t)k ManTfin van FranJifurl-oa-Main, Nachtrag. —
To bier Meyer, op, cit., I.
LEHMANN, KASPAR (fierm.). Gem-engraver to the Emperor
Rudolph II., third quarter of the sixteenth century. He earned
fame by his discovery of the art of engraving on glass (cristal de
BohSme).
BiBiiOGRAPHY. — King, of. cit. — Babelon, Pierres gravies, p. 283. — Mariette,
op. cit.
LEHMANN, RUDOLPH {Germ.'). Aurijaher ei sculptor instrumentorum
monetariae at Olkuss, 1590; Assayer at the Mint of Posen, 1599;
Mint-warden and Coin-engraver at the Royal Mints of Posen and
Fraustadt and the urban Mint of Praustadt; 1611 Mint-warden and
1615-1620, Contractor of the Royal Mint of Posen.
His issues are usually signed R. L.
Bibliography. — Max Kirmis, Handbiich der Polnischen Miin^kunde, Posen,
atdb, Google
— 3f!o —
LEHNEIS, J. (Germ.'). Die-sinker at Munich, 1855.
LEHNER, DANIEL (Jifstr.'). Mint-warden at Kuttcnberg, previous
to 1579.
LEHKER, HAUBOLD (Germ.). Mint-master at Ratisbon, 1598; died
in 1628. He was a Goldsmith by profession, and is mentioned as
such in documents of 1581, 1582, etc.
BiBUOGRAPHY. ^-v,W, Schratz, Urkunden, SegesUn und NoHien ^i- MUtti-
geschkhte Regensbiirgs von 1200 Us 1600, Mitth. Bayer N. G., HI. 51.
LEHNER, VEIX(G«rm.). Sculptor, who in conjunction with Veit
Arnberger, executed wood models for medals of the Emperor
Ferdinand I., 1563.
Bibliography. — KuU, RepertoHum Sic, II, 711. — Kt:nner(586) 1903, p. 16.
LEHNERT, ADOLF (Germ.). Contemporary Medallist,- residing at
Leipzig. His signature occurs on a commemorative medal of the
seventh centenary of the Mansfekl Mining Works, 1902.
LE HON, PIERRE (frmc/j). Mint-engraver at Tournai, mr. 1489-
149 1.
LEHR, CYRIACUS VON (Germ.). Mint-master at Weimar, 1616-
1620, and Hornstein, 1622. The issues of this Mint-master are
signed VOL interlinked.
LEICESTER, EARL OF (Bn7.), Master of the Royal Mint, London,
under George IIL, 1790-4.
LEIGEBE. Vide LETGEBE infrd.
LEIGHTON, F. (Brit.). Contemporary Sculptor, who, designed the
new seals, executed at the Royal Mint, for the Commonwealth of
Australia, the Colonies of the Transvaal and the Orange River, the
East Africa Protectorate, and the Government of Wei-hai-wei.
LEIGH, LUDWIG (Germ.). Medallist and Chaser, residing at Munich,
since arc. i860.
LEIGHTON, FREDERICK (BARON LEIGHTON OP STRETTOH) (Brit.).
An eminent Painter and Sculptor, born at Scarborough, 3 , Decem-
ber 1830," died In London, 25. January 1S97.
He executed for the British Government the design for the ^L
of the Jubilee Medallion of Queen Victoria, 1887, which appears
to be the artist's only medallic production.
LEIHKAUF, MICHAEL (Germ.). A Nuremberg Counter-manufac-
turer of the seventeenth (?) century.
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LEINMUTH, CHRISTOPH (Germ.). Mint-master at Ratisbon, 1635.
LEISEK, ALEXAMDEB (Juslr.). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, residing at Vienna; a nephew of the forirler Mint-engraver,
F. Leisek.
By this artist are some very line Portrait-plaqucttes of A. Kauer,
on his 70''' Birthday, 1896, and D' Friedrich Kenner, numismatist,
1897 (reproduced in Mitth. des Klubs &c., 1898, p. 390); — 20"'
Anniversary of the " Quatuor Udel ", 1900^ etc; '
LEISEK, FRIEDRICH (sometimes named FRANZ), (^w^r-)- Mint-
engraver and Medallist (K. K. Miinzamt-Medailleur) at Vienna,
1868-1892; died there in 1898.
The bust of the Emperor Francis Joseph on the silver currency
of Austria and Hungary (VII. type), issued from 1872 to 1892 and
later, was cut by this successful Engraver.
Among this artist's best known medalUc productions are : Medal
for Valour for Schleswig-Holstein, 1864; — Medal for Valour,
1 868;''— Marriage of Crown Prince Rudolph of Austria with
Princess Stephanie of Belgium, 1881 (sev. var.); — - Visit of Crown
Wedding Double Gulden, 1879.
Prince Rudolph to Retz (N. Austria), 18S8; — Medal for Good
Taste, 1875 (designed by Cesar Weyr); — 25''' Anniversary of
Francis Joseph I.'s Reign (in conjunction with A. ScharfF, and
J. Tautenhayn) ; — Pilgrims' Medals of the Vienna Rifle Club,
1888; — Fine Art and Industrial Exhibition at Trieste,'i89i ; —
Centenary of the Palatine Arcliduke Joseph, :876(^.by A.Scharff);
— Silver Wedding of the Emperor and Empress Francis Joseph,
1879 (commissioned by the city of Budapest) ; — Exhibition at
Bruck a. d. Mur (Styria), 1892 ; — Golden Wedding of Heinrich
and Sofie Freund de Tcszeg, 1892; — National Exhibition at
Troppau, 1893 ; — Jubilee of Pope Leo XIII., 1893 ; — Mining
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Double Gulden on the Silver Wedding of the Emperor and Empress,
1879 (both sides modelled by J. Tautenhayn; obv. engraved by
Leisek ^L. by A, Scharff (illustrated); — Visit of the Emperor
Francis Joseph to Bukarest, 1896; — Internationa! Sporting Show
at Vienna, 1897; — Prize Medal of the Rifle Meeting at Baden
(Lower Austria), 1S83 ; — ■ Agricultural Show at Baden, 1885 ; —
25'''Aniiiversary ofthe Gas Works at Erdberg, 1893; — jubilee of the
Emperor Francis Josephl., 1898 (edited by Adolf Muller& Sohne) ;
— Commemoration of the Emperor's Baptism of fire at S' Lucia,
1848-1898; — Another Jubilee Medal, with young bust of the
Emperor on one side and the older one on the other, 1898 ; —
Others, on the same event; — 25"' Anniversary of the Accession
of Francis Joseph, 1S73 (2 '^. types); — Fifth Centenary of the
Annexation of Trieste to Austria, 1882; — 40"' Anniversary of the
Accession of Francis Joseph, 1888 (edited by C. Krauss); —
Aggrandizement of Vienna, 1890;— Second Centenary of the
Pilgrimage to Lainz, 1879 '< — Erection ot the Maria Theresia
Monument at Vienna, 1862 (Obv. by F. Wiirt); — Rifle Meeting
at OberhoUabrunn, r886 (edited by A. Miiller & Sohne); —
40''' Anniversary of the Emperor Francis Joseph L's Accession, 1888
(in commission for the Numismatic Society of Vienna; a fine
medal reproduced in Blatter fur Mun^reunde, PI. 97, 5).
Among the coin-dies engraved by Leisek are : M. 4 Ducats,
1872-75 ; —Ducats, 1872-5;— 10 Francs, 1872; — JK. Double
Gulden, Gulden, Half, and Quarter Gulden, 1872-75 ; — Mining
Double Gulden of Kuttenberg, 1887 (obv.), etc.
Bibliography. — Miitheiluiigen des Ktiibs der Miiit^-und Midaillenfreiinde in
Wim, 1890-1902.
LEISEK, J. (Aitst.'). Contemporary Die-sinker of Vienna, and
author of a medal commemorating the first meeting of Viennese
numismatists at the *' Deutsches Haus ", Stefansplatz, 1899.
LEITE, JOAO JOSfi (Portug.'). Pupil of the Lisbon Mint-engraver
Bernardo Jorge, whose assistant he was between 1741 and 1758,
when he died.
Bibliography. — Aragao, Descripgdo das Moedas de Portugal, Lisboa, 3874.
LEITENAU, VON {'Bohem.). Provisional Mint-master at Prague,
1846-1848.
LELEZ, JEANDE (Belg.). Mint-master at Mons, 2. March 1574-
12. February 1587.
LE LIBOH, PHILIPPE {French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Bayonne; pupil of jouffroy. By him are several Portrait-medallions:
i868. Pierre MazeroUes; — 1876. Gometz del Castano,&c.
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LE LIEUR, JEAN (French). First President of the " Cour des
Monnaies ", 1559.
LELlfiVRE (French). Gem-and Seal-engraver of the early part of
the nineteenth century ; pupil of Taraval. At the Salon of 1800, he
exhibited a frame containing various objects engraved in precious
stones, and in 18 ro, some intagli and camei.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, of. cit. — Babelon, op. cil.
LELIEVRE, OCTAVE GEORGES (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Paris ; pupil of Barrau. At the Salon of 1905 he exhibited
eight Medals and Plaquettes, which he executed in commission for
the National Horticultural Society of France, and the Paris Golf
Club.
LELLI, ERCOLE (Ital.\ Goldsmith, and Mint-engraver at Bologna,
under Popes Clement XII, , Benedict XIV., Clement XIII., 1734-
1766. He was born in 1702 and died in March 1766.
His initials E. L. occur ona Scudo d'oro, of Clement XII., 1736,
described by Cinagli.
Bibliography. — Cinagli, op. cit. — Ffancesco Malaguzzi Valeri, La Zecca di
Bologna, 1898.
LELONG, REKfi (French'). Contemporary Sculptor and Carver in
ivory, born at Bethon (Marne); pupil or Georges Tardy, At the
Salon of 1892 he exhibited a Portrait-medallion of M. Georges B***;
— 1893. Robert Herzog, etc.
LEMBEQDE, JEAN VAN (or VAN MUELENBfiQUE) (French). Gold-
smith and Seal-engraver at Brussels, who was employed as Mint-
engraver at Lille, circ. 1460-1472.
lEMCKE (Germ.). Contemporary Die-sinker of Breslau. I have
noticed his signature on a Silesian commemorative medal, dated
1877.
LEMAIRE, ALBERT (French). Medallist and Gem-engraver, of the
end of the eighteenth century. At the Salon of 1789 he exhibited a
cameo in carnelian, representing Cupid, after Prud'hon.
LEMAIRE, GEORGES HEMRI (French). Contemporary Gem-engraver,
born at BaiUy (Seine-et-Oise) on the 19''' February r853, was
apprenticed to a Paris engraver, and studied under the sculptor
Jacques Perrin; also a pupil of Grivel, Lambert, and J. Lequien.
He has obtained a Mention honorable at the Salon of 1882, a
Medal of the third class in 1885, Medal of the second class in 1886,
Silver Medal at the Universal Exhibition of 1889, Medal of the first
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class in 1894, Grand Prix aithe Paris Universal Exhibition of 1900.
The artist is a Member of the Jury and of the Council of the
Soci^te des Artistes fran^ais, since 1890, and a Knight of the Legion
of Honour, since 1896, also an Of&cer of Public Instruction.
This artistj who is in the foremost ranks of Gem-engravers, began
to exhibit at the Paris Salon in 1879, and the following are his
best productions : 1879, Spring, after Got, cameo in sardonyx; —
Portrait ofM"' Castani^ d Anglas, onyx cameo; — 1880. Pierre
Corneille, bust in red jasper; — 1881. B6vanger, bust in jasper; —
1882. Fortune and the Child, onyx cameo; — 1883. The Dawn;
— Portrait of M. J. A.Pappert,onyx; — -1884. Marthe Perrin, onyx
cameo; — 1885, Victorien Sardou; — Main chaude, carnelian
(Luxembourg Museum) ; — 1886. Victor Gille ; — Idyll, carnelian
(Amiens Museum); — 1887. Philippe Gille; — Raphael Boudrot,
cameo; — Honor^Leroi, onyx cameo; — 1888. Renan ; — Caro ;
— Camille Doucet; — Nisard ; — Flora and Zepliyrus, cameo in
sardonyx (Luxembourg Museum); — 1889. Frame containing the
portraits of the members of the Academic francaise (these forty
engraved gems form an absolutely unique collection in the glyptic
art); ~ 1890. Love and Folly, cameo in onyx (Leguillon Collec-
tion) ; — H. M, Don Carlos, King of Portugal, carnelian cameo;
— Philippe Gille, onyx cameo; — 1891. Orplieus loosing Eury-
dice, carnelian ; — M. Etienne; — M. Dechastelus; — M"' Segond;
— Medals of MM. J. B. Serpieri and Andr6 Cordelia, directors of
" Lauriura " ; — 1892, Maurice Rouvier ; — M"" Lebey ; — ■ The
Messengers of the Gods; — 1893. Medal of M. Liotard-Vogt; —
M"" B***, cameo in carnelian ; — 1S94. Fate, onyx (one of the larg-
est gems ever engraved); — M^daille coloniale ; — 1895. The
Death of Narcissus, onyx (Luxembourg Museum); — General
F^vrier; — Paul Doumerc ; ■ — ■ Emile Berr; — Octave Dubois ; —
Savinien Lapointe; — 1896. Medal intended for the "personnel
civil" of the French Admiralty; — Portrait-plaquettes of :
M. Rameau ; — Camille Darsste ; — Gagliardini; — Alexis Mar-
tin; — Albert Dubreuil; — Ed. Lauc; — 1897. Messengers of the
Gods, onyx (commissioned by the State); — Portrait of J. Rigo-
lot; — Portrait of Edouard Normand ; — Marble medallion of
Edouard Normand; — 1898, Autumn, onyx; — 1900. Series of
gems (exhibited at the Paris Universal Exhibition, and for which
the artist obtained a Grand Prix); — 1901, Spriiig (Luxembourg
Museum); — Autumn (Gahera Museum); — ■ Commemorative
medal of the 1900 Exposition Universelle (edited by Mongredin);
— Commemorative Plaquette of the Inauguration of the nejif Post
OfBceat Orleans;— 1902. Portrait of M. Emile Loubet, President ot
the French Republic, 1902; carnelian in chased silver frame, adorn-
ed with precious stones {illustrated'); — The China War Medal,
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with bust of the Republic (French Reward for the Reliei of the
Legations at Peking) ; — M"" S. & M. de Julliany ; — Mireille ; —
Cocher de fiacre; — Chauffeur d'automobile ; — Locksmith; —
Joiner; — 1904. Ala Source, cameo in carnelian; — 1905. Immor-
tality, statuette in various precious stones and gold ; — 1906. Le
Portrait of President: Loubet,
Secret, statuette in lapis, jasper, jade and opal ; — L' Aube, cameo in
sardonyx, — etc.
By Lemaire are further : Portraits of M">= Claude Vignon ; —
L. FoBEEB. — SKgr^plwal Nolice, of MiiiiUhh. — in. ^S
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— 386 —
M""" CI. Desclers ; — M. de iaPinekis; — Xavier Girard ; —
A. Minne, etc. ; — Mediil of the *' Caserne des Celestiiis ", &c.
As a sculptor, the ^irtist executed the funereal monuments of
M. Rouvier Sen' at Marseilles, Serpieri at Athens, Savinien Lapointe
at Soucy, near Sens, and the statue of Edouard Normand, mayor
of Nantes, &c.
Lemaire is one of the cleverest of modern French Gem-engravers.
Some of his fine Portrait-Cameos in sardonyx were reproduced by
hitn in silver Plaquettes with excellent effect. M. Babelon however
criticises somewhat President Loubet's portrait : " C'est un cam^e
de grandes proportions, d'une execution consciencieuse et fort
habile, comme tout ce qui sort des mains de M. Lemaire ; mais, en
meme temps, il n'est pas excessif de dire qu'elle manque de liar-
diesse etd'originalite. Le relief est sans pouss^e, trop timide. Vous
remarquerez, au dos de la plaque de sardonyx i laquelle M. Lemaire
s'esr attaqu^, une belle couche sanguine qui n'a pas 6te utilisee.
L' artiste n'en a pas tir^ profit; 11 n'a pas osd I'atteindre. C'est pour-
tant sur cette couche qu'un Pyrgotele, un Dioscorlde, un Valerio
Vicentini, un Jacques Guay, aurait tenu par-dessus tout a detacher
en vigoureux relief le portrait ^ ex^cuter. Telle qu'elle se pr^sente,
I'ceuvre de M. G. Lemaire est un excellent bas-relief, sur une
eemme trfes dure et de belle nuance; c'est ^ peine un cam^e dans
le sens que les anciens donnaient A leurs sardonyx multicolores et si
profond^ment affouiil^es dans le but de tlrer de toutes les couches
superposees le parti d^coratif qu'elles coraporteut. " (^Revue de I' Art,
1903,11,28).
Bibliography. — Information hindly supplkd hy the Artist. — Catalogms du
Salon 1900-1904. — B<:n6dite, op. cit.
LEMAIRE, JACQUES {French). Mint-engraver at Reims, cma 1750.
LE MAIRE or MAIRE, JULIEN {French'). Goldsmith of Nancy,
who was appointed Mint-engraver there in succession to Jean Le
Poivre, circ. 1580, and held the office until his death in 1607. He
was a native of Bar, and is called a Painter and Engraver ; a docu-
ment speaks of" Texperiencequ'll avait en lagraverie". Charles IIL,
Duke of Lorraine, attached him to his service in 1580, in which
year the artist executed his first Portrait-medal of the Duke, obv. Bust
to r. of Charles IIL, legend and date, 1 580. ^. COELITVS . ORTA.
HOMINI.PAX.TVTIOR.INCVBAT.ARMIS. Peace seated to r.;
beneath : PIO . PACIS . AVITAE CVSTODI (33 mill.)- In ijSr,
several payments are recorded to Le Maire for medals supplied by
him, and from that date to 1607, scarcely one year elapsed, says
Lepage, without his being called upon to engrave medals, mostly
in gold, which were probably used as decorations. The following
Portrait- medals, &c. are attributed to him also : Charles II. of
Lorraine, Bishop of Meiz; — Charles III., Duke of Lorraine,
,;.Goo'^lc
- 387 -
1585 ; — ■ Seal of Charles III. for Prangois de Beaucaire, seigneur of
Sarralbe, 1586 ; — Medals ia gold of Charles III., 1587 ; — Didce
or Marquis de Poiit-a-Mousson ; — - Other Portrait-pieces of the
Duke Charles III. for presentation to various personages; -^ Two
Seals of the towns of Hombourg and Saint-Avol ; — Wax Portrait
and various medals of Charles III. ; — Portrait- medals ofMonsei-
gneur le Marquis Henri, eldest son of Charles III. , and of Charles III. ,
various, 1589; — Medals of Charles III., for consignment to Spain,
1590; — Henri, Marquis dePont-il-Mousson, 1591 ; — Charles III.,
various medals, 1595 ; — Madame la Princesse fCiiarles Ill's con-
sort) ; — Charles III., 1599-1607, various medals (for presenta-
tion).
Of the numerous medals engraved by Julien Le Malre very few
specimens have come down to us. As they were mostly struck in
gold with gold chains, evidently intended for wearing around the
neck, it is surmised that they nearly all ended in being melted
down, which is to be regretted from an artistic point of view.
This artist signed /. Maire.
BiBLiOGRAPHV. — MazeroUe, Midailkurs fratifais, 1902. — Henri Lepage,
Notes et Documents sur les Gtaveurs de monnaies et me'dailles et la fabrication des
monaaies des Dues de Lorraine depiiis la fin du XV^ sUck, Nancy, 187;. — Rondol
& De La Tour, d/j. cit.
LEMAIRE, VICTOR (Belg.'). Sculptor, Gem- and Line engraver,
and Medallist, born at Liege, 5. February 1826, died at Brussels,
23. February 1882. He was apprenticed at the age of eleven to a
goldsmith, and began life as an Engraver when he was nineteen
years old. His first trial in die-sinking dates from 1850, when he
engraved the reverse of a medal, but his first medal of note commem-
orates the Inauguration at Ghent of a statue to Jacob van Arte-
velde, and is dated 1863. M. Alvin considers it as his best work;
although the artist himself gives the first rank to a Portrait-medal of
Christopher Colombus.
He engraved numerous seals, coats of arms, and even some
cameos in onyx which are of some merit. In t88o he was one of
the four Engravers who were entrusted individually with the exe-
cution of the official medals issued on the occasion of the Fiftieth
Anniversary of Belgian Independence; the portrait of Leopold II.
pleased the King so much that he desired Lemaire to reproduce it
on the great Seal of State, which is still in use.
From that date, Lemaire paid more attention to medal-
engraving, and he was favoured with commissions tor medals
from various parts of the country. His best known medallic pro-
ductions, described by M. Alvin, are : i860. Societe royale des
MSlomanes of Ghent, i860 (with bust of the Count ot I-landers);
— 1863. Inauguration of the Monument to Jakob van Artevelde at
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— i&s —
Ghent (2 var.); — 1870. Portrait-medal of D'' Joseph Franijois
KluyskenSj 1771-1843; — 1875- Medal of the "Association beige
de photographie " founded in 1874; — 1879. Medal presented to
the Educational Staff at Ghent; — 1S80. Medal of the "Soci^te
royale des chceurs " presented to M. de Maere Limnander of Ghent,
1855-1880 ; — Fiftieth Anniversary of the Independence of Bel-
gium (60 mill.); — Medal of the " Societe pour le progrfes des
etudes phitologlques ct historiques " (4 var., struck for presentation
to MM. J. Gantrelle, E. Benoist, J. Diifief, and E, Discailles); —
1 88 1, Ghent Navallnstallations;— Fiftieth Anniversary "of the Royal
family of Belgium; - 1883. Medal of Ghent University ; ■ — 1884.
Horticultural Society " Flora" at Mont-St.-Amand ; — 1885. Ghent
receives in her port the first steamer from America ; — Inauguration
of the Lievin Bauwens monument at Ghent ; — Provincial Syndic-
al Chamber of Industrial Arts at Ghent; — Horticultural Show
atCourtrai; -^ 18S6. 25"" Anniversary of the Inauguration of the
Railway from Eccloo to Ghent; — Royal Flemish Academy of
Arts and Letters; — ■ 1887. To Massenet, the composer ; . — 1890.
P. O. Vander Chijs, numismatist; — 1891. Scientific Society of
looted o/GoogIc
■ 389 -^
■ 1893. Roy; ' \_
Ghent (signed : L) ; — " Exposition internationale tie boissons fer-
ment^es hygieniques" at Brussels; — Bakery Show at Ghent; —
World's Hygienic Exposition at Chicago (with bust of Christopher
Columbus); — 1894. Jeron of the Royal Numismatic Society
of Belgium (with bust of P. O. Vander Chijs) ; — Others, of
1895, and 1896; — 1897- Ticket of the Members of the Com-
munal Council of Ghent ; — Presentation medal to Charles Harlaux ;
— 1898. The city of Ghent to General Van Loo; —Agricultural
Show at Ghent; — 1899. Member's Ticket of the Provincial
Exhibition of Ghent ; — Prize Medal of the Provincial Exhib-
ition; — 1900. Exhibition of the ancient Guilds and Corpo-
rations, atLi^ge(with bust of Prince Albert ofBelginm); — 1901
John Cockerill, 1790-1840; — 1902, To Prosper Claeys ; — Undat-
ed. Royal Society for the Encouragement of Art; — Jan Frans
Willems, 1793-1846; — Portrait-medal of Leopold II.; — Tir aux
pigeons, Gentbrugge, Sec.
The Columbus medal is reproduced in D' Dorapierre de Chaufe-
pi^'s MMailhs et Plaquettes modernes, PI, xxxni.
This artist was a Knight of the Order of Leopold.
BcBUOGRAPHY, — F. Alvin, Victor Lemaire, Gazetre niimismatique, 190;,
pp. 78-96. —A. deWitte, La MMasUe en Mpqueau XIX' sikk, 1905. — GaidU
numismatiqtie, 1905.
LEMAISTRE, FRANQOIS (French). Mint-master at Paris, 1617-
1624 (?).
LEMAISTRE, HUMBERT (French). Mint-master at Cremieu, under
Charles VIII. His distinctive mark (a heart) occurs on Douzains
and Carolus of Dauphiny.
LEMAISTRE, PIERRE (French). Mint-master at Cremieti, appoint-
ed on the 28"' of January 1538 for a term of four years; his dis-
tinctive mark is a P.
LE MJ^NCEAU, GUI (French). Mint-master at Angers, 1641-
1644-.
LE MANCEAU, JAMES (Frajc/j). Mint-master at Angers, ij. Decem-
ber 1399.
LE MANSEAU, JEAN (French). Mint-engraver at Angers, circ.
1395-1399.
LE MARESCHAL, FRAWgOIS (French). Goldsmith of Lyons and
Grenoble, who was appointed on Oct. 13, 1453, Die-cutter to the
Mints of Cr^mieu, Mont^Umar and Romans, where he officiated
until 1463.
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— 390 —
LE MARCHANT (Brit.'). C.irvcr of Portrait-medal! ions in ivory,
who flourished in the second half of the seventeenth century. By
him is perhaps a Portrait of George II., reproduced in The Portfolio,
1893, p. 29. There is in the British Museutn an oval carved ivory
Portrait-medaillion of Samuel Pepys, the diarist.
LEMAY, CLAUDE (sometimes called DE MAY). (French). Mint-
engraver at Paris, from before 1527 to 1553; he was born circa
1495; brother of Jean Lemay, Jeton Engraver (1515-1555), and
no doubt a relative of Gaillaome Lemay (1493-1523) and Francois
Lemay (1532). He filled the office of Mint-engraver for at least
twenty-five years ; on the i V'^ ot March 1553, the Cour des Mon-
naies allowed him an assistant, in consideration of his failing eye-
sight, in the person of his son-in-law, Jean I. Beaucousiii.
Claude Lemay does not appear to have always fulfilled his duties
to the satisfaction of the Mint-masters, and in 1542 he was even
threatened with imprisonment if he did not supply the Mint with
the necessary dies. The following are some of the coins engraved
by him : 1528. Poitiers. Ecus d'or au soleil; — GrosTestons; —
Tours, ficus d'or au solei!; — 1529. Samt-Ld. Ecus d'or; —
Douzains; — Petits Deniers (the dies for all these were delivered
to Julien Roupelin, Mint-master at St-L6); — 1530- Angers.
Grands Blancs; ■ — 15 31. Troyes. Half Testons ; — IS33- Tours.
Gros Testons of ten sols tournois; — Angers. Ecus d'or; —
Douzains; — Poitiers. '^cus d'or; — Testons; — HalfTestons; —
1535. Troyes. Petits Deniers tournois; — 1536. Paris. £cus d'or;
— Testons; — Half Testons; — Grands blancs douzains; —
Deniers tournois; — Rennes. Testons; ■ — Halt Testons; — ■ 1538.
Rouen. £cus d'or au soleil ; — Half Ecus ; — Poitiers. Testons ; —
Troyes. Grands blancs douzains; — I539- Rouen. Ecus d'or au
soleil; ^ Half Ecus; — Troyes. Petits deniers tournois (dies supplied
by Jean Lemay, brother of Claude); — 1540. Paris. Dies for
various coins; — Troyes. Ecus d'or au solei); — Grands blancs
douzains; — i54i- Paris. Petits deniers (with the distinctive
mark of Christophe Laune ; — Petits deniers tournois ; — Ecus
d'or au soleil; — Half Ecus; — Douzains; — 1542. Paris.
Various dies, with the distinctive mark of Bastien de Riberolles, Mint-
master at Paris ; — Poitiers. Douzains ; — Doubles tournois
" Gabouris et lyards Nostre-Dame de Lozanoe"; — ■ Parts. Testons
and Half Testons; — Douzains; — 154?. Paris. Grands bkncs
douzains; — Petits deniers tournois ; — Various Pieforts; — I545-
Poitiers. Dies for Ecus d'or supplied to Jean Gaillandon, Mint-
engraver there ; — 1548. Rouen. Grands blancs, with the distinc-
tive mark of Cosme du Moustier; — I549- Ecus d'or and Grands
blancs douzains (the dies for which were destroyed, on account of
the omission of the figure 2 after (Henriciis); — 1550. Dijon. Gros
o,Goo(^[c
„ 391 —
Testoiis ; — Half gros Testons ; — 'Poitiers. Douzaiiis ; — 1 5 5 1 . Ville-
muve-Saint-AndH-Us- Avignon. Testons; — Half Testons; — Nantes.
Douzains.
Lemay engraved also a number ofjetons, which are described by
Mazerolle : 1527. M^reauxfor the priests in the service of tlie Paris
drapers; — 1528. Jetons for the officers of Cardinal Louis de
Bourbon; — Jetons for the Chambre des Comptes of Louise of
Savoy, at MouUns; — ■ 1529. Jetons for Jacques de Seurre; —
Francois de Brebille ; — Nicolas Berthereau ; — £531- Jetons for the
officers of the Lady de Chasetlaine; — 1532- Jetons with the arms
of the Enfants de France; — i533- Sienr de la Baudrairie and
Maitres d"h6tel of Margaret of France; — I534- Jean LuiUier; —
Officers of Catherine de' Medici, Duchess of Orleans, Madeleine,
and Margaret of France; —Jetons with arms of Francis I. and his
children; — IS3^- Jetons baiiaux; — 1540. Jean Lefebvre, sei-
gneur de Moyenval, and Marie de Saint-Germain, his wife; —
Jacques de Poussemothe-Salainsau, and Alphonsine de Naillac, his
wife; — 1 541. Jetons for the Duke Charles of Orleans ; — Antoine
de Bourbon, due de Vend6me; — Margaret of France; — Sieurs
de Canappe and de Saint-Ravy; — Jetons banaux; — Jetons for a
Clerc d'office of Charles of Orleans; — 1542 and 1544. Jetons tor
Cardinal Robert de Lenoncourt; — I543- Jetons for the Privy
Council ; — Guy XVIL de Montmorency, seigneur de Laval, and
Claude de Foix, his wife; — Maitres d'liotel ordinaires of the
King; — 1544. Privy Council; — Oudard Hennequiii, Bishop of
Troyes; — Astremoine Dubois, the King's silversmith; — 1545.
Jetons for the King's commissioners; — Privy Council; — 1548.
Jetons for the Vergers of St. Eustache Church of Paris ; — I549-
Jetons banaux.
According to Rondot, Claude Lemay was Mint-engraver at
Troyes in 1548. Rondot (later) and De la Tour make the latter
another person.
Bibliography. — ■ Mazerolle, MAhilkiirs franeais, 1902.
LEMAT, FRANgOIS {French). Engraver of Jetons at Paris, circ.
1528 and 1532-4. By him are Jetons for the Commissioners of the
Tr^sor du Louvre, 1532, and Louise de Savoie, Duchess of Bour-
bon. He is also called DE MAY.
Bibliography. — Mazerolle, op. cit. — Rondot, and De LaToiir, op. cit.
LEMAY, GUILLAUME I (French). Seal-engraver at Paris, circ. 1456-
1439. In 1456 he engraved the seal of the Provost of Merchants of
Paris, and various Jetons. He was Die-cutier at the Paris Mint, and
also worked for the Mints of Bourges and St.-L6.
Bibliography. — N. Rondot and H. De La Tour, op. cit.
lloaed by Google
- 392 —
LEMAY, GUILLAUME II (Ffe/icA). Really GUILLAUME DE MAY. Mint-
engraver at Rouen, 1458-aVc. 1477. Perhaps the same who is
recorded to have engraved a seal for tlie city of Paris, 1456.
Bibliography. — Mazeralle, 0^. cil.
LEMAY,GUILLAUMEin(F/-encA).Mint-eiigraveratParis, 1511-1523.
He also executed a number of jetons and mSreaux, the earliest of
which are dated 1493. M. Mazerolle describes the following : 1493.
Jetons for Louis de Nemours ; — 1 5 11 . Jetons for the Chaplains oi
Notre- Dame of Paris ; — Jetons for Francois, Duke of Valois and
Brittany, Count of Angouleme, and Charles de Bourbon, Count of
Vendome; — 1515. Jetons for the King's maitres d'hotel; — -1517.
Jetons for J. J. Robertet, Bishop of Albi;^ 1521. Jetons of Charles
de Bourbon, Duke of Vendflme, and Fran^oise d'Alen^on, his
wife; — 1523. Jetons for the Cardinal Jean of Lorraine, etc.
Bibliography. — Mazerolle, op. cil. — Rondot and De La Tour, op. cil.
LEMAY, JEAN (French). Engraver of Jetons, who resided at the
Palace, Paris ; a brother of Claude Lemay, on whose account he
probably sent in 1539 to the Mint of Troyes several dies for Petits
deniers tournois. This engraver wa.s born circ. 1515; his jetons
date from the period of 1549-1555 : 1549. jetons banaux
— Jetons for Cardinal Louis de Bourbon, and A. d'Anieres, com-
mander of St. Denis ; — 1550. Jetons for Charlotte de DinteviUe _
■ — ■ 1551. jetons for Charles de Rochechouart, and Fran^oise de
Clermont, his wife; — jetons for Gilles Bohier, Bishop of Agde
— 1555- Jetons for the Councillor of the Chambre du Tr^sor.
Bibliography, — Mazerolle, op. cit. — Rondot and De La Tour, op. cit.
LE MAY, PIERRE (^French). Mint-engraver at Ais in Provence, circ.
1544-45.
LEMBEQUE or MUELENBEqUE. Fide LAMBfiQUE suprd.
LE MANAGER, FRANgoiS (French). Mint-engraver at Reones,
1698-1719.
LE MERCIER, RICHARD (French). Mint-master at Angers from the
26"' of September 1620 to 1629.
LEMERLE, NICOLAS (French). Engraver or workman at the
Paris Mint, 1624.
LEMESTAYER, JEAN (French). G6ni3ral des Monnaies, 1558.
LEMGOW, JOHANNES (Germ.). Mint-master at Lubeck, 1350.
LEMOINE, CHARLES (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Paris in 1839; pupil of Mehl. By him are some Portrait-medallions,
./Google
— 393 —
one of which was exhibited at the Salon of 1869, Portrait of
M.A.D**, architect.
Bibliography. — Cbavignerie ot Auvray, op. cU.
LEMOYNE, PIERRE GABRIEL (French). Mint-engraver at Amiens,
circ. 1699-1711.
LENGKER. Fide LENKER.
LENDT(7/<i/,)- Mint-engraver at Turin, 1827 (?).
LENGEFELDER, CEKTURIO (Austr.). Mint-master at Joachim sthal,
1 606- 162 1. He was in office during the whole reign of the Emper-
or Mathias,
LENKER, HANS {Germ.). Goldsmith and Medallist of Augsburg
(f 1627), Bolzenthal mentions that his signature HL occurs on
various medals of the city of Augsburg. A ZACHARIAS LENKER,
also a Goldsmith and Die-sinker at Augsburg, died in 1612.
Bibliography. — Bolzenthal, op. cit. — Sietien, oft. cil. — M<mogrammisUn,
III, 1205, 1243.
LENORLE, JEAN (French). Genera! des Monnaies, 1624.
LENNOOT, JEAM DE {Bdg.). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver of
Malines, circ. 1489.
LENNOX, LTJDOVIC, Duke of (Bnf.) was granted a patent to is.sue
Farthing Tokens, 1622, Vide HAMILTON^ Vol. II, p. 409.
LENOIR, ALBERT (French). Provost of the Mint at Nancy, 1695-
1730. He held the office of Mint-engraver there for a short period,
and a document of 1720 records a payment of 300 Livres made to
him " pour avoir est^ occup^ k graver les coings pendant la dten-
tiou de St. Urbain".
Bibliography. — Lepage, op. cit. — Roiidot & De La Tour, op. cil.
LENOIR, JEAN (French). Mint-engraver at Nancy, circ. 1670-
■J* 1684; he was born in 1635. By him are several medals.
LENOIR, PIERRE CHARLES (French). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Paris ; pupil of Charles Lenoir, Peter, Roty, and
Merci^. In 1905 he obtained a Medal of the Third class.
At the Salon of 1903 he exhibited several medalHc works : Idyll,
plaquette; — Juno, plaquette; — Five Portrait-medallions, &c.
1904. Bucolique (bronze plaquette); — Birth of Bacchus (bronze
medal); — Portrait of a Lady (plaquette) ; — 1905. Bucolique; —
Infancy of Bacchus ; — Pasteur ; — Jean Mace ; — Maurice Lenoir ;
— M"* Lenoir; — Shepherd's dog ; — Goat; — 1906. M.X***; —
President Roosevelt; — Ste Genevieve; — Jean Mac6; — Pasteur;
,stsd by Google
— 394 —
— R&ompense ; — Agriculture ; — PSche k la ligue ; — B6h6 ; —
Gymnasiique; — Musique; — Au crepuscule ; — Vanneuse, &c.
LENOOR (Belg.'). Goldsmith and Seal -engraver. The Brussels
Mint preserves a stamp, bearing a crowned L, by this Engraver.
Vide Plot, Catalogue des Coins, Poinfons et Matrices, p. i6o.
LENORMANT D'fiTIOLES, CHARLES GV1LL&VHL (French). Treasurer
General of French coins, 1741. He was the future Marquise de
Pompadour's father-in-law.
LENORMANT, jfiROME (Fremh). Goldsmith and Engraver to the
King of Navarre ; Mint-engraver at Pau andMoriaas, 1572-1580. He
became in 1579, Engraver, Die-cuiter and Master of the Mints of
Pau, Morlaas (Bearnj and Saint-Palais (Navarre). In 1576, he was
paid 9 Testons for a silver seal; in 1577, 60 Livres for the engrav-
ing of seals for Catherine of Navarre, the Regent. A document of
1578, mentioned by Blanchet reads : " A JSrome Lenormant, gra-
veur des monnaies du present pays, 210 livres tournoispour pareille
somme delivree es mains du Roy, en 60 Scus soleil et 30 livres
tournois en pieces de 20 et 10 sots tournois qui ont ^t^ forgfe
nouvellemem sur le pied des esp&es d'or et d'argent que le Roy
de France a fait faire en son royanme. " In September, 1579, a
contract was passed with J^r6me de Normand and Auger de la
Garde to work for a period of six years the mints of Pau, Morlaas
and Navarre. Leiiorrnant therefore combined the offices of Mint-
master and engraver.
Bibliography. -- J. A. Blanchei, Les Gmveurs m Beam, Dax, 1888. — Ibid.,
Histeire monitaire du BAirii.
LENORMANT, PIERRE (freKcA). Moneyer at Paris, 1561.
LENORMANT, ROBERT (French'). Provisional Mint-master at
Grenoble, 15. June — 20. September 1507; Mint-master at Monte-
limar, 25. October 1521 to 1523 (distinctive mark, an Rat the
end of the legends).
Bibliography. — Faivre, Ateliers mcmilairesfranfais, 1894- ~ Roger Vallentin,
Les differenlsdc lamonnaie deGrenoMede 148^ a 1553, Annuaire de Numismatique,
1894.
LENS, MICHELETDE (i^WKcA). Goldsmith and Mint-engraver at
Troyes, 1362-1376; appointed on the i^' February 1375 (1376)
Mint-engraver at Saint-Lo.
Bibliography. — Natalis Rondot, Les Graveiirs de la Mennaie de Troyes. —
Rondot & De \& Tour, op. cit.
LENTASCHIS, MARTINET DE (Ital.). A native of Chieri, Mint-
master at Turin, appointed on the 30"' of August 1430.
LEO. Vide LEONE LEONI infrd.
,stsd by Google
— 39S —
LEO, CHRISTOPH {Russ.). Mint-master at St. Petersburg,
LEON or LEONIDAS. Vide L siiprd. A Greek Coin-engraver.
LEON, L, (^French). Medallist, "who worked during the middle of
the eighteenth century and was engaged on the medallic series ot
Louis XV. ". His signature : L. LEON occurs on the ^L. of a medal
with bust ofLouis XV., by Francois Marteau, commemorating the
Loss of Minorca 1756 (illustrated).
the Loss of Minorca, 1756.
I suspect however the correct name ot this engraver to be
LAURENT LfiONARD (q. v. infrd).
Bibliography. — Franks & Gruebcr, MeSallic Ilhislratioiu &c.
LEONARD (Amer^. Die-sinker, ttmp. George IIL, whose signa-
ture occurs on a pewter Dollar of George IIL
LEONARD, AGATEON (Belg.). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Lille in 1841 ; pupil of the Fine Art Academy of Lille, and of Dela-
planche; he obtained a Medal of the Third class in 1879.
He is the author of a number of Portrait- medallions in bronze,
cast: 1S69. M'"= Antoinette Chenot ; — M"= Fdicie Caca ; —
1870. Portrait of a Child; — 1875. M"'^ Duprez ; — 1879. M.J.
Duprez ; — 1888, ij Portrait -medallions in bronze.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, 0/1. cit.
LfiONARD, LAURENT (French). Medallist and Engraver, born in
1709, died at Paris on the 26. September 1788. He was employed
at the Medal Mint; and between 1772 and 1774 filled temporarily
the ofGce of Mint-engraver, on the death ot Charles Norbert
Roettier.
This Engraver contributed to the medalhc series of Louis XV. ;
the medal, reproduced above under LfiOH is probably by him, and
,,Goot^lc
— 396 —
I have seen a medal of Louis XVL, 1775, benriiig his full signature.
Another, commemorating the Inauguration of the Paris H6tel des
Monnaies, with a view of the building, and dated 1770, is signed :
L. LEONARD F.
e mimismalique,
LEONARDO DA MILANO. Vide LEONARDO DA VINCI. " By the end
of the fifteenth century", says King, " we find Camillo Leonardo
(writing in 1502) praising four Gem-engravers — AnichiniofFerrara,
Giovanni Maria of Mantua, Tagliacarne of Genoa, and Leonardo
of Milan — - as equal to any of the ancients in their profession ;
and furthermore sratingthat their works were diffused throughout
all Italy — a sufficient proof of the previous length of lime over
which their labours had extended. "
The Leonardo da Milano here referred to is probably Leonardo
da Vmci.
Bibliography. — King, Antique Gems, p. 168.
LEONARDO DA VINCI (Ital.). A famous Painter, Architect, Sculp-
tor, Scientist, Engineer, Mechanician and Musician, born at Vinci,
near EmpoH, in 1452; died at Cloui:, near Amboise (France) on
the 2"^ of May 1519.
Although no medallic work can directly be traced to Leonardo
da Vinci, it is beyond doubt that he made his influence felt in this
branch of art also, and, as we shall see, he designed the fine
Testoni of Giovanni Galeazzo Maria Sforza and Ludovico Moro,
which were engraved by Caradosso; furthermore, he is said to
have excelled in Gem-engraving. A very brief sketch of this emi-
nent artist's career finds therefore a place here,
Leonardo da Vinci is one of the worthiest representatives of the
Florentine school of painting and sculpture. He showed early a
wonderful aptitude for art, and studied under Andrea del Verocchio,
to whom he was taken by his father, about 1470, and with whom
he remained until he was past twenty. His studio companions were
Peru gino and Lorenzo di Crcdi, In 1472 "he was received in the
Company of Painters and obtained his first recorded commission in
1478. Having met with little success at Florence, he appears to have
gone to Milan about 1487. In 1503 he was again at Florence,
returning to Milan in 1506. In 1514-1515 he was residing in Rome.
His great work, the famous "Cenacoto" or "Last Supper" was
finished in 1498 ; he painted it in oil on the wall of the refectory
of the Dominican convent of the Madonna delle Grazie; it began to
Eerish from the dampness of the wall almost as soon as it was finished,
ut fortunately the original sketches still exist. While living in
Milan under the protection of Ludovico II Moro, he executed the
,,Coo(^[c
— 397 —
colossal equestrian statue of Duke Francesco I., which was demo-
lished by the French in 1499. On his return to Florence, he drew
a cartoon from which Filippino painted the altar-piece of the monks
of Servi. Subsequently, Leonardo da Vinci seems to have devoted
his time principally to portraiture; the best known works of this
period are the " Mona Lisa " in the Louvre, Paris, completed about
1 504 ; " La belle Ferronniere ; the " Virgin of the Rocks ", National
Gallery, London, and another version in the Louvre; "St. John
the Baptist", Louvre; St. Anne, Louvre; a cartoon of St. Anne
in the Royal Academy, London, &c. He was also commissioned to
paint a wall oi the Council-hall at Florence, for which he made a
cartoon of the " Battle of Anghiari ", corresponding to the great
cartoon of Michelangelo ; both are now lost. On the French occupa-
tion of Milan, Louis XII. appointed Leonardo Court-painter. In
1 5 14, the artist accompanied Giuliano de' Medici to Rome, where
Leo X. entrusted him with some work at the Vatican. He went to
France in 1516 at the invitation of Francis L, and died at the
Chateau de Cloux aged about sixty-seven.
Testone of C o a Gi\ zzo Sforza and Ludovico II Mora, engraved
b) L. a losso i designed by Leonardo da Vinci.
Leonardo da '\ nc w s i man of imposing personal appearance;
a portrait of him, by himself, is preserved in the Royal Library,
Turin. He wrote a "Treatise on Painting", published in 1651,
which has been widely translated. Among his many pupils, the
most eminent were Bernardino Luini, Andrea Salaino, and Marco
d'Oggione. The latter's copy of his Master's " Cenacolo " was
reproduced by Raphael Morghen in his celebrated engraving publish-
ed about iSoo,
Under LEONARDO DA MILANO we have noticed that a writer of
1502 eulogizes the talent of iour Gem-engravers, among whom is
probably Leonardo da Vinci (named there da Milano) and that
he says they were " equal to any of the ancients in their profes-
sion ' .
In a remarkable letter, written by Leonardo da Vinci to Ludo-
vico II Moro, the artist mentions his various qualifications, and
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says : " I will also undertake any work in sculpture, in marble, in
bronze, or in terra-cotta; likewise in painting I c^n do what can be
done, as well as any man, be he who he may ". Soon after 1480,
when Ludovico Maria Sforza took the reins of Government in his
nephew's name, the artist entered into the service of the Duke with
a salary of five hundred crowns per annum, and he was consulted
in every question concerning art. It is proved beyond doubt that
Testone of Ludovico Maria Sforza, engraved by Caradossso,
and designed by Leonardo da Vinci.
Caradosso engraved the coins of the Dukes Giovanni Galeazzo
Maria Sforza (1481), Giovanni Galeazzo Maria Sforza and the
Regent Ludovico (1481-1494), and Ludovico Maria Sforza, called
II Moro (i494-i499)from designs supplied by Leonardo da Vinci
{Fide FrnteWi Gnecchi, Le Monete di Milano, LXI). These coins con-
sist, according to Rossi, of the following types : Giov. Gal. Maria
Sfon^a, Doppio Testone d'Oro; — Muhiple of the Testone
d'argento. — Gio. Gal. Maria and Ludovico Maria Sforza, N. Doppio
Zecchino ; — Zecchino ; — JR.. Multiple of Testone ; — Testone
(illustrated). — Ludovico Maria Sforza, AI. Doppio Testone ; —M..
Muhiple of Testone ; — Testone (illustrated).
King states : "I have seen an enamelled pendant attributed to
Da Vinci, and which certainly does bear his usual monogram.
Cesare Borgia having appointed him his architect in 1502, L. da
Vinci was thus actually brought into contact with the duke's phy-
sician, Camillo : besides, he had made Milan his home ever since
entering Ludovico's service in 1483, which would explain the
designation " Da Milano ".
BiBLiOGRAPHY. — Encyclopaedia Brilannica, X. Edition, 1903. ^ Dictionary of
Universal Bic^raphy. — E. MQntz, UonarAde Vinci. — Vasari, op. cil.. Ill, VL —
Gnecchi, Le Monele di Milano. — King, Antique Gems and Rings, 1872.
LEOMI, LEONE (Ital.). Sculptor and Medallist, born at Arezzo in
1509, died at Milan on July 22., 1590. Whether he belonged to the
same family as Giovanni Leone da Arezzo, upon whom the Emper-
or Sigismund conferred a knighthood in 1418 or not, it is impos-
sible to ascertain. Nothing is known either of this artist's early
,/ Google
career. In 1537 he was appointed Mint-engraver at Rome, a post
■which he filled until 1540. It wouid appear that his first medallic
work of note was a Portrait- medaUion ot General Ferrante Goti-
Leone Leoni, at the age of 30.
zaga's daughter, Isabella, whom he represented at the age of sixteen,
in 1537; the General was so delighted with this work that he
henceforward became a zealous patron of Leone Leoni, and secured
for hill), from the Governor of Milan, Alfonso d'AvaloS, the
Leone Leoni, at the age of 40.
important office of Director ofthe Imperial Mint there, which the
artist retained until his death, except for a brief stay at Brussels in
1549-50. Thanks to Ferrante, he was introduced to Charles V.,
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who attached him to his service as Sculptor and Mednllist, and
raised him to the knighthood.
It is said that Leoni was of a very violent temper; one of his
bitterest enemies was Benvenuio CelHni, who accused him of hav-
ing endeavoured to poison him; he disfigured the pontifical gold-
smith Pellegrino di Lenri; did grievous bodily injury to Orazio
Veccelli, Titian's son, and had thelatter's assistant, Martino, killed
by a bravo; we find him ready to use the dagger in his many
quarrels with friends and foes, Michelangelo was the only contem-
porary anist with whom Leoni entertained intimate relations. He
executed of him a curious Portrait-medal, on the reverse of which is
represented a blind man led by a dog, with the legend : DOCEBOS
INIQUOS VIAS TUAS ET INIQ.UI AD TE CONVERTENTUR ;
also a Portrait-medallion in wax (illustrated).
3, by Leouc Leoni.
From the time when Leoni was employed by Charles V, date
some of his most Important works of sculpture, generally of large
size and mostly in bronze. There is only one left in Italy, the beau-
tiful monument of Jacopo de' Medici, Marquis of Melegnago, in the
cathedral of Milan, designed, -it is said, by Michelangelo, The
numerous statues and busts which were commissioned to the artist
by the Imperial family are nearly all either in Spain or at Vienna.
A group representing Charles V.' slaying a monster (Caesans virtule
domitus furor) and commemorating the Victory of Muhlberg was
erected in 1526 on the public square of Gustalla, but sent towards
the end of the eighteenth century to the castle of Buen Retire in
Spain, whence it has been transferred to the Prado Museum, The
same Museum preserves a bust, and half-length figure in bronze of
loBtsdo/Googlc
— ^01 —
Charles V., and the Real Academla of San Fernando an alabaster
bust of Philip II., marble busts of Queen Mary of Hungary, and
Queen Eleonora, sister of Charles V. and consort of Francis I. ; all
three busts were cast in 1549. In the Vienna Imperial Museum are
treasured a half-length figure in bronze of Charles V., similar to
the Madrid one, and a large Portrait-medallion of the same Emper-
or, as well as a bust of Mary of Hungary. The Louvre acquired
within the last twenty years a Portrait- medallion in bronze of
Charles V,, mentioned by Vasari, who says that it was commis-
sioned by Granvella. " All these portraits ", observes M. Bertaux,
" are modelled with great firmness; the bronzes offer a refined
-medal of Charles V., by Leone Leoiii.
poUsh and very rich black patina, which remind one of the busts
by the Venetian sculptors Alessandro Vittoria and others ; the detail
ot the draperies, the hair, and ornaments of cuirasses. Sec. are of an
exquisite finish ; and the artist has displayed ingenious taste and
discreet fancy in the decoration of his stands and frameworks. "
But of surpassing merit are Leorie Leoni's m,edallic productions,
including the coins which he engraved at the Milanese Mint; they
belong to the finest and boldest works of the latter part of the
Renaissance.
Specimens are generally met with in silver, and also in bronze :
(1549). Charles V. ^. DISCITE'IVSTITIAM-MONITI. Zeus
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— 402 —
overpowering the Titans; 73 mill. (obv. illuslr cited); — (1549).
Tlie Empress Isabella. ^. HAS-HABET.ET-SVPERAT. The
Three Graces; 73 mill. (obv. illustrated). Both these medals were
commissioned to the artist at the time of liis journey to Brussels;
that ot the Empress was struck 10 her memory by order of
Charles V., as she had died in 1536. — (1547). Charles V,
^. IN- SPEMPRISCI- HONORIS -—TYBERIS. The Tiber reclin-
ing to 1.; 40 mill; — (Before 1546). Charles V. and Isabella, their
busts on either side; 36 mill, (illustrated). Aspecimen realized €40
a: the Rome Sale, February 1904; — (Before 1537). Titian
^C. Bacchante to r. preceded by Cupid; 54 mill. ; — 1537. Pietro
Obv. of Portrait-medal of the Empress Isabella,
of Char
Aretino. ^L. VERITAS-ODIVM-PARIT' 1537 within wreath;
37 mill. (2 var.; signed : LEO); -- 1537. Titian and Pietro Are-
tino, their busts on either side; 37 mill; — 1537- Isabelhi Villa-
marina, Princess of Salerno (only known by a letter of Leoni to
Aretino); — 15 37- Pietro Bembo, medallion in wax, and bronze
medal (no specimens have as yet been found}; — 1537- Pope
Paul in., Medal on the fortification of Rome (mentioned in the
Mint accounts of the Roman Zecca); — Another, Bust of Pope tol.;
signed: LEO. ^. DOMINVS'CVSTODIT-TE'DOMINVS-PRO-
TECTIO ■ TVA . Horsemen galloping from the walls of a city under
a hail of stones; 4^ mill.; ~ Another, Similar bust ^. SECVRI-
,y Google
— 40? —
TAS'TEMPORVM. Three horses grazing; 45 mill.; — Another,
Similar bust ^. No legend; Roma, helmeted, seated, to r. ; near
her, wolf and twins ; to r., the Tiber reclining to 1, ; in the field,
S.C. ; 45 mill. jLeoni reproduced this same figure of Tiber on a
small medal of Charles V., which is unsigned] ; — Andrea Doria
...etlal of CliarJes V. sua ijabtUa, by Lcui
and Leone Leoni, their busts on either side (SjL. illustrated, repre-
senting Leoni at the age of 30); 43 mill. [This medal alludes to some
occasion on which Admiral Doria had freed the artist from impris-
onment and labour in the galleys, Leoni's bust is shown bare-
headed; behind him a galley and the tools of his art; border of
fetters]; — Andrea Doria; 1^. Galley sailing to r. ; in foreground a
small boat is seen approaching carrying two men. [This is another
allusion to the artist's deliverance by his protector] ; — Andrea
Doria; ^. LIBERTA-PVBLICA. Liberty standing to r. ; — 1541.
Giovannettino Doria, nephew of the Genoese admiral (mentioned
in a letter from the Bishop of Arras to Leoni, but no specimen
extant); — Martin de Hanna I^. SPES . MEA TN ■ DEO ■ EST .
Hope to r.; signed : LEO; 70 mill, (a specimen in the Rome Sale
(London, February 1904) realizedi 17.5 .0) ;— Daniel de Hanna,
son of Martin ; Obv. Bust to r. ; signed : LEO 1^. VOEI Abundance ;
33 mill. ;— (Beforei546). Alfonso d'Avalos, marquis del Vasto, and
his consort; their busts on either side; 46 mill, (a specimen exists
in the Imperial Museum at Vienna); — Francesco Molza, poet
(only known by a letter from Aretino to Leoni, 1546); — Philip,
prince of Spain; Obv. Youthful bust to 1. S^. COLIT ARDVA"
VIRTVS. Hercules between Voluptuousness and Virtue; signed :
LEO, F.; 84 mill. [The artist presented specimens of this medal in
gold to the Emperor and the Queens oi^ France and Hungary, on
his arrival at Brussels in 1549]; — (1549). Mary, Queen of
Hungary; Obv. MARIA -HVN-BOH' REG "MOXXL Bust to 1. in
rich coiffure (possibly copied Irom Michael Hohenauer's medal of
1526); ^L. unknown [All the specimens known of this medal are
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in the form of reverses of the' Inrge medal of Charles V.] ; 73 mill. ;
— Jerome Perrenot, of Ch:unpagiiey (known only from Leoni's
Maximilian, King of Bohemia, by Leone Leoni.
letter to Cardinal Granvelk, 1549) ; — (1551). Leone Leoni, Bust
of the artist tor.; legend : LEO' ARETINVS'SCVLPTOR-CAE-
SAREVS (in the Ambrosian Library; illustrated, Leoni is there
.isdo/GoogIc
represented at the age of about 40); ^~- (-1551). Ippolita Gonzaga,
Obv. Bust to I.; signed : AEHN-A'PHTINOZ. ^. PAR'VBIQ-
POTESTAS. Three-fold representation of Heca-te as Diana, the
Moon, and Proserpina carried away by Pluto; 6tj mill.; — The
beautiful Felipina {known by a letter of LeOni to the Bishop of
Arras); — (1555). Charles V. and Don Philip; Obv, Their busts
conjoined to r. ^L. PLVS'OVLTRE. The pillars of Hercules sup-
porting'the Imperial crown, &c. ; 42 mill.; — Antoine Perrenot,
Cardinal Granvella; Obv. Bust to 1.; signed : LEO; ^. DVRATE.
Vessel beaten by the storm; 66 mill.; — Another, smaller
^L. Neptune pacifying the sea; near him, to r., Thetis is seen
fighting with a sea monster, &c.; 51 mill. ; — (1556) Ferrante
Gonzaga; ^..Hercules hurling his club against monsters, 65 mill. -
— (1555-58). Baccio Bandinelli; Obv. signed : LEO. ^L. CHAN.
DORTLLESVS within laurel-wreath; 41 mill.; — ■ (1557-1558).
Giorgio Vasari; Obv. signed : LEO. ^. blank; 62 mill.; — (1561);
Pius IV. Obv. Bust to r. I^. DESIDERIQ-DESIDERAMVS.
Hen with brood of chickens; 48 mill.; — (1561). Gonzalvus of
Cordova, Duke of Suessa ; ^. DABIT'DEVS-HIS- QVOQ..
FINEM. Hercules slaying the Hydra; 58 mill; — Another
^. DOCEBOTNIQVOS &c. Blind man led by a dog (similar to
the ^. ot the medal of Michelangelo); 58 mill. [The first of these
two medals shows a lion seeking refuge between the legs of Hercu-
les ; Plon suggests that the lion stands for the artist's signature and
gives it a character of authenticity]; — (1561). Francesco d'Ava-
los, marquis of Pescara ; I^, Hercules trampling on Dragon and
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— 4°^ —
gathering iipples in the Garden of the Hesperides (ascribed to
Annibale Fontaiiii by Lomazzo, but more likely the work of Leone
Leoni; vide FONTANA, vol. II, p. 119); — Francesco d'Avalos
Portrait-medal, uniface; 60 milh (Ambrosian Library) ;— Michel-
angelo, wax medallion (published by Drury Fortnum, Archaeol.
Journal, vol. XXXU, n" I2> (illusirated) ; — (1561) Michelangelo;
Obv. Bust to r. ; signed ; LEO. ^L. DOCEBO-INIQVOS- V-T"
ET-IMPll-AD-TE-CONVER. Blind man advancing to r. led by
a dog; 59 mill. (Obv. illustrated); — (1554)- Maximilian II. as
King of Bohemia; ^. QVO'ME FATA VOCANT. Mercury hold-
ing caduceusflying to I. ; 65 mill, (ascribed to Leoni by Domanis;,
Bertaux and others); — Archduke Ferdinand, Governor of Bohe-
mia;^ Philippina Welzer, Archduke Ferdinand's first wife (medal
Philippma Welzer.
ascribed to Leone Leoni by Domanig; probably the same as the
one described by Plon as "The beautiful Filepina" ; executed circa
1551; a fine specimen is preserved in the Imperial Museum at
Vienna; DIVAE" -PHILIPPINAE Bust to r.).
Besides the medals mentioned above, Plon describes a few others
which he thinks should be given to Leoni, who in 1555, was
informing Cardinal Granvella that he had up to that date executed
already thirty medals. Among these are : Bernardo Tasso, Torqua-
to's father ; ^.TVTE-SITIM-PELLE. Unicorn; 56 mill.; —Ber-
nardo Spina; ^. SUPERAT'OMNIA'VIRTVS. Virtue on horseback
spearing Envy ; 46 mill. ; — Giovanbattista Castaldo ; ^L. SVBAC-
TAE-DACIAE'RESTITVTORI-OPTIMO. The General raising a
female figure seated on im plements of war ; 5 1 mill. [In 1555 Gas-
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— 407 —
raldo mentions a nieda! which Leoni was to make of him by desire
of Granvella ; Von Fabriczy places this medal amon<; Leoni's authen-
licated works]; —Another; IJi.. OBREM-MILITAREM-FELICI-
TER'GESTAM. Victory holding wreath and palm-branch ; 5 1 mill. ;
— Gianello della Torre; ^. VIRTVS NVNQ.-DEFICIT. The
Fountain of science; 80 mill. [This ^L. occurs also on a medal of
Philip II., which is no doubt by Jacopo daTrezzo, and indeed Von
Fabriczy is convinced that the latter artist is the author of this
medal also] ; — Cardinal Granvella; '^L. DVRATE. The Ship of
Aeneas in a storm ; 60 mill. ; -— Another, executed after 1561 ; ^L.
Mount Calvary ; — ■ Another ; '^L. The ship of Ulysses nearing a rock
on which Sirens are playing with various instruments ; — Another;
'^L. Neptune striking the ship of Aeneas with his trident. [It is not
unlikely however that some at least of the unsigned medals of
Granvella are by other artists, as Melone, or Domenico de' Compagni,
who both repeatedly portrayed the famous Bishop of Arras on
medals]; —VincenzoBovi; $6. ANTIDOTVM VITAE. Religion,
facing, holding cross (Keary, op. cU., p. 42); — Danae; leg :
NON ABSQVE PLUVIA DANAE. Female bust to r. (diam.
67 mill.; in MM. Rollin and Feuardent's Collection).
Between 1537 and 1540 Leone Leoni was employed as Engraver
at the Papal Mint of Rome under Paul III., but it is difficult to
ascertain which of this Pontiff's coins were engraved by him, as
none are dated, and Benvenuto Cellini who was his colleague, and
worked there before and after him, is credited with the cutting 01
most of the dies of that period. At any rate it is now beyond doubt
that Cellini is the author of the fine Doppia and Testone of this
Pope (^Vide G. Castellani, Lo Scudo d'oro at Paolo 111 emtio di Benve-
nuto Cellini, Num. Circular, XI, col, 7090 ; Bolletinodi Numismatica
1904). Leoni's short tenure of office at the Roman Zecca has all the
savour of mediaeval romance; out of spite against Cellini, he pro-
cured his imprisonment in 1538 under the pretext that during the
sack of Rome he had purloined the pontifical jewels ; Cellini was able
to clear himself of the charge, but soon after Leoni him.self was
arrested and condemned to the galleys for an act of violence against
the German goldsmith Waldener. Delivered from incarceration by
his protector Andrea Doria, he accompanied him to Genoa in 1541,
where he executed the medals of his benefactor, and in the follow-
ing year he was appointed Mini-engraver at Milan, a post which he
held until 1 545, and again from 1550 until his death. In 1546, after
several short stays at Venice, where he endeavoured to get rid of a
cumbrous assistant by hired banditti, he became Mint-master at
Parma; but in 1547 we find him again at Rome working for the
Zecca, and in 1549 at Brussels, called there at the special invitation
of Charles V. From 1558 to 1590, the artist resided at Milan, and
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— 408 —
diedin the ' Palace ', still extant, which the Emperor had presented
him in recognition for his services in Art. During the latter
period of his life, he once more had recourse to murder, his victim
being Titian's son, who had come to Milan to collect a large sum
of money and whom he probably wished to rob. Alhough Leoni
remained unpunished, his many misdeeds are so many blots on his
memory.
Cardinal Granvella.
D' Casari reproduces several Milanese Mint documents, which
show that during the whole period of 1542 to 15S9 Leoni received
payments for dies cut by him, and we are safe in ascribing to him
ail the more important coins, issued at Milan under Charles V. and
Testone of Charles V., by Leone Leoni.
Philip II. Among these I may mention the following : Charles V.
(1535-1556). A/, Doppio Scudo d'oro, Laur. bust to r. ^. The
pillars of Hercules in the sea ; between them, a crown ; — jR. Duca-
tone(da Soldi cento); ^. TE DEVM LAVDAMVS ; ex : S-AGV"
S'AMB. St. Augustine abjuring Manichaeism at the feet ot St.
Ambrosius; — Ducatone; ^.. DJSCITE-IVSTITIAM-MONITI.
Zeus on Mount Olympus hurUng fulmen at ihe Titans ; — Mezzo
,;.Goo'^lc
— 409 ~
Ducatone ; Type of the preceding ; — Duatone ; ^. CVIQ.. SWM
Crowned eagle standing on fulmen above thegJob'e;jdated 1551 ; —
Mezzo Ducatone; similar type; dated i5;,2 (2 or 3 var,); — Buri-
gozzo (da J2 Soldi); IJi,. St. Ambrosius; — Testone;:^ Pietas
(2 var.); St. Ambrosius (4 var.); Salus Augusta'(2 var.); The
Pillars of Hercules (3 or 4 var,; one illustrated') ; — Mezzo
Testone; ^L OB | INSVB | RIAM 1 SERVA | TAM within
vi/reath ; ■ — 10 Soldi; — 8 Soldi 3 Denari; -— 3 Soldi; — Mezzo
Bianco; — Parpagliola; — Quindicino; — Sesino; — Trillina; —
Denaro. — Philip II. (1556-1598; Leoni at the Mint of Milan
until 1589). jy. 6 Zecchini; obv. Radiated bust of Philip II. I^.
Facing bust of St. Ambrosius; — Proof of the Mezzo Ducatone
(2 var.) ; — Doppia da tre ; ^ Arms ; 1 5 5 5 ; — Quadrupla or Doppia
da due (3 var.) i — Doppia (15 var, in Gnecchi); — Scudo d'oro;
IJ6. MVNDI'SALVS-VNICA Cross; —Scudo d'oro del Sole; ^.
MEDIOLA'NI D. (3 var.); -- Scudo d'oro; — JK. Ducatone
(22 types described by Gnecchi, but some bear dates after 1590 and
are consequently not by Leoni) ; — Mezzo Ducatone (many
varieties, some dated 1577, 1579, 1582, 1584, 1588); — Quarto
di Ducatone ; — Scudo or Filippo; — 40 Soldi ; — Lira; — Mezza
Lira ; — 5 Soldi ; — Grosso da 2 | soldi ; — Soldino ; — Parpa-
gliola; — Sesino; — TriUina; — Denaro. ■-,
Leoni distinguished himself also as a Gem-engraver, but we have
unfortunately no record of his productions in that particular branch.
Plon describes a cameo representing the Emperor Charles V,, the
Prince of Spain Don Philip and the Empress Isabella, which is only
known by a letter of the artist to Granvella.
" The emperor Charles V. was a lover and collector of cameos.
Leone Leoni of Arezzo cut a fine one of hira with his son on one
side and another of his Empress on the other side, this being the
earliest recorded instance of the making of a double cameo, a fashion
which was not uncommon during the Renaissance, and sometimes
shows an antique backed by a modern piece of work " (Davenport,
op. cit., p. 50).
The Madrid and Vienna Museums preserve medallions in colour-
ed wax by Leoni, and there is one of Michael Angelo in the
British Museum (illustrated). " T|ie- head is modelled with the
greatest care for detail. Every line and wrinkle is faithfully repro-
duced, as is also each hair of the head and beard. The ear is delight-
fully expressive, and what a refined, sensitive nature it indicates.
The colour of the wax is uniform — a yellowish red of the shade
of terra cotta. The inscription oh the reverse of the medallion runs :
MICHAEL ANGELO BUONAROTTI SUO RITRATTO FATTO
DAL NATURALE DA LEONE LEONI ARETINO SUO AMICO
1562 " (B. Kendeli, Jewelled Waxes and others^ The Connoisseur,
vol. VIII, p. 134).
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— 410 -
Some Plaques ^re attributed to Leone Leoni by Molinier,
although one only appears to be undoubtedly by him, as it forms
the reverse of one of his authenticated medals : Andrea Doria as
Neptune; 95 X70 mill. (Berlin and South Kensington Museums);
— Allegory of the " Fountain of science " (Ri,. of Gianello della
Torre's rr.edal, which is now ascribed to jacopo da Trezzo, by
C. von Fabriczy) ; — Apotheosis of Charles V. (Vatican Library)
[erroneously attributed to Cellini by Plon].
Li the Victoria and Albert Museum, South Kensington, there is
a circular Medallion, representing a Female figure holding on her
head a vase from which water flows on either side; young and
aged men drink and gather it in jars; inscribed above, VIRTVS;
beneath, NVNQ_ : DEFICIT. This Plaque, which is of the year
1562, is ascribed to Leone Leoni by Fortnum.
D' Bode ascribes to Leone Leoni the following Plaques : Jupi-
ter fighting the Titans; circular ; — Neptune and Amphitrite ;
circular, 74 mill, (Mol. n. 35). Female bust (Livia Columna) ;
^L. Euterpe, circular, 37 mill.
" Vasari",says Keary"speaks in high praise of Leoni's perform-
ances as a sculptor, the greatest of which was a bronze statue of
Charles V. Leoni brought into requisition his silvermith's art, and
made a suit of armour of thin silver plates, with which the nude
figure could upon occasion be clothed. When the figure was
completed he made a large die for the purpose of striking medals of
the Emperor ; on the reverse was Jupiter launching his thunderbolt
at the Titans. " For these works his Majesty gave the artist a
pension of a hundred and fifty ducats, secured on the Mint of Milan,
with a commodious house in the Contrada de' Moroni. Charles
also made him a knight, conferring at the same time a patent of
nobility upon his descendants; and while Leoni was in Brussels he
had rooms in the palace of the Emperor, who sometimes amused
himself by going to see the artist at his work" (^Num. Chron.,
1879, P- 210).
Although Leone Leoni does not equal some of the earlier medal-
lists, and perhaps not even Valerio Belli or Cellini, his contempo-
raries, stillhe deserves a place in the front ranks of Italian artists of
his period, were it alone for his exquisite coin-dies of Charles V.,
which continue at Milan the fine series of Caradosso, and will
remain a perpetual witness of one of the most glorious epochs in
Art the world ever saw. " His was one of those unrestrained, over-
flowing, forceful natures such as the decline of the Renaissance
produced. " (Von Fabriczy).
Bibliography. — Eugene Plon, Leone Leoni, sciilptmr de Charles V, et Pom^o
Leoni, sculpleur de Philippe II, Paris, 1B87. — Vasari, ed. Milanesi, t. VII. —
Paolo Morigia, La Nobilta di Milano, Milan, 1615. — Bottari, Lettere pittorkhe,
Roma, I7i4-7J. — E. Bertaux, Leam Leoni, Grande EticyclopMie, t. XXII, p. 34.
— L'Art, i?>TJ, t. 11 ; 1878, t. I. — Jahrbuch der Kumlhislorischen Sammlungen des
MbjGoogle
— 4" —
allerhdchsltn Kaiserlicheii Haasss, t. V and t. XIII. — Armand, Lei MedailUurs
italUns des XV' d XVl^ siides, Paris, 18P7. - C. von Fabiczy, Die Mcdaiilen der
italieniseben Renaissance, 15OJ. — C. F. Keary, A Guide 'io the Exhibition of
Italian Medals at the British Museum, London, 19O}. — D'' Carlo Casati,
Leone Leonid' AreXf(p, scultore, Milano, 1884. — Y . &c E. Gatcc\C\, Le Moneie di
Milano, Milano, 1884. — I. B. Supino, II MedagUere del S. Museo Naxionale di
Firenjie, 1899. — Campori, Gii artisti italiani e slranieri negli Stati Estensi, and
Letlere pilloricbe, vol. Ill, n. 21, 60, 89. — Emile Molinier, Les Plaqmtles, Paris,
1886.^^ Keary, Italian Medals of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, Numismatic
Chronicle, 1879, p. 196. — D' Julius Cahn, Die Medailien und Plahetlen der
Kuttstsanmlung iv. Metier in Frankfiirt-am-Mein. — A. Pinchart, Hisloire de la
Grmntre des rnddaillet en Belgiqae, Bruselles, 1870, — Cean Bermudei, Diccionaiio
historico, &c., vol. III. — Uumesnil, Histoire des plus cMbres amateurs italiens . —
Bolzeachal, op. dt. — E. Babelon, La Grmnire en pierres fines, Paris, 1884, —
J. Arneth, Die dnquecento Cameen. — Dr Eug. Merzbacher, Kunst-Medaillen'Kata-
hg, MQochen,. i^. — Ad. Hess, Felix Sammiung Katalog. — Franks & Grueber,
MedalUc Illustrations, &e. — Catalogtts der Nederlandsche en 06 Nederland hetrekhing
hebbende Gedenkpenningen, /, 's Graven h age, 190?. — Blancnec, Noitveau Manuel,
&c., II. — Domaaig, Portr&tmedaiUen des Er^hauses Oesterreich. — Eug. MOntz,
L' Atelier monltaire de Rome, 1884, — Cyril Davenport, Cameos, London, 1900, —
C. Drury E. Forcnum, A descriptive Catalogue of the Bronjes of European origin in
theSouth Kensington Museum, London, 1876. — P. Valton, Midaille de Danadpar
Leone Leoni, Rev. num., 1905, p, 495-7.— Eo6e,op.cit.
LEONI, LODOVICO callfcd IL PADOVANINO or IL PADOVANO (Ilal).
Painter, Modeller in wax, Medallist, and Coin-engraver, horn at
Padua in 1531; died at Rome in 1606; some say in 1612. He
executed Portrait- medallions in wax, besides painting in oil and
fresco landscapes and historical subjects. He is said to have been
employed, as Engraver at the Mint of Rome, circa 1573-1586;
notwithstanding, only one of the many medals of Pope Gregory XIII.
bears his signature L. PADOVAN. ; others may be looked for among
his unsigned pieces. The artist spent the greater part of his life at
Padua, and executed there the Portrait-medal ot Baldassare d'Ossa,
signed : LOD. LEONI (reproduced in Fabriczy), and another of
Francesco Lomellini, obv. signed : LVD ; L, '^L. DVRABO. Land-
scape over which thesun is shining (Sn(,Mwj. Guide, p. 56, n" 179);
perhaps also a medal of Pope Gregory XIII., 1775, signed L.L. P.
To these Armand adds : Ricardo Vito Basinstocchi ; signed :
LVD. LEO. MDLXVIII ; — Stanislas Minski; Signed : L. PADOVAN
(Bolzenthal) ; — Johann von Reichenberg ; signed : L, L. ; — Louis
Desmoulins de Rochefort, physician of Blois; obv. signed : L. LEO.
^. SPONTE-MEA-MELIVS. Horse in landscape ; —Jacopo Tatti,
surnamed Sansovino; signed :L. L.; — Sperone Speroni ; signed:
L. LVD. L. ; — Female bust to 1. ; signed : L. L. ; — Marco Mantova
Benavides ; signed : LVD. LEO. ; — Francesco Maria del Monte Santa
Maria, Cardinal; signed : LVD. LEO ; — Gregory XIII., obv. Bust
to r. ^. IVSTMNTRABVNT-PER-EAM. The Porta Sancta;
signed : L. L. P. AN. DNI. .MDLXXV. Most of these medals are uniface.
The coinage of Gregory XIII. may safely be ascribed to this
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— 412 —
artist and his colleague at the Mint of Rome, Lorenzo Fragni;
payments were made to these Engravers In 1574, 1576 and 1586,
This coinage consists of: Af . Scudo d'oro MDLXXV Jnbileetype; —
Scudod'oro;^. Bust of Christ (7 var.); — Scudod'oro; ^.Charity
(b var.); — Another, Assumption of the Virgin; — Another, St.
Peter's Miracle; — Another; Ri.. NIGRA SED FORMOSA ROMA;
— je^. Testone. ^. LETAMINI GENTES (9 var.); —Another;
^. Porta Santa (Jubilee type ; illustrated) ; — Another ^. Religion
seated (6 var.); —Another; ^L. ALMA ROMA Arms (2 var.); —
Another; ^. Christ delivering the keys to St. Peter (8 var. ; some
dated 1584);— Another;^. ME SEQVERE. The Angel rescuing
Peter from prison (8var.); — Another; ^L. Seated figure of Fides
Jubilee Testone of Gregory XIII.
(4 var.); — Another ;iji„ St. Peter seated (2 var.); — Another;^,
NVNOVAM DEFICIET ROMA. Standing figure of Fides (8 var.) ;
— Another; !l^. Christ and the Samaritan woman at the well; —
Another; ^.Christ's baptism (7 var.); — Another; I^. Thebrazen
serpent in the wilderness ; ~ Another ; ^. Moses changing his rod
intoasnakeC4 var.) ; — Another; 1^. Christ and the multitude ; —
JR.. GiuUo (various types) ; — ^. Grosso (var. types) ; — JB^.
Mezzo Grosso (var. types) and subsidiary coinage.
Bibliography. — C. von Fabriczy, op. cit. — C. F. Keary, Bril. Mus. Guide
to the Italian Medals in the British Museum. — Supine, op. cit. — Cinagli, Le Monete
dt' 'Papi, Roma, 1848. — Bolzeathal, op, cit. — Armand, Mddailhitrs itaUens &c.
— Vasari, op. cit. — Franks & Grueber, op. cit. — Domanig, op. cit. — Blanchel,
op. cit., 11.
LEONI, OTTAVIO called IL PADOVANINO (Ital.). According to
Bolzenthal, a son ot Lodovico Leonl. He is said to have cast medals
in all kinds of metals, and to have imitated with extraordinary
cleverness antique coin-types. None of his productions have however
come down to us.
LEONI, POMPEO (Ital.). Sculptor and Medallist of the second
half of the sixteenth century ; asonof Leone Leoni; died at Madrid
in 1610. He served the Lnperial House of Austria and assisted his
father in several of his works, notably in his famous group of
.isdo/ Google
— 413 —
Charles V. skying the Monster, which was commissioned by
Ferrante Gonzaga in 1547, achieved in 1556, and bears the
signature : LEO P. POMPfi F. ARET. F.
PompeoLeoni spent the greater part of his life in Spain, where
most of his works of sculpture are still preserved : a statue of
Philip II. at Aranjuez, and in the Church of the Escurial, fifteen
statues of Saints in gilt bronze, and Royal statues of Charles V., his
Q.ueen Isabella, his daughter Mary of Hungary, his sisters, the
Q.ueens of France, and England; Philip II., his Queen, Anne;
Queen Mary ; and Queen Isabella, for their funereal monuments.
As a Medallist, this artist produced also some fine works, which
stand almost on a par with the exquisite portrait-pieces byPoggini :
Granvella, 1552 (mentioned by Leone Leoni m a letter to the
Bishop of Arras); — Ercole II. d'Este; obv. Bust to 1.; signed :
Obv. of Portrait Badge of Don Carlos, by Pompeo Leoni.
POMPEIVS. 1^. SVPERANDA, &c. Female figure standing to 1. near
fountain(2 var.); 66 mill.; ^ Fernando Castaldo; obv. Bust to r. ;
signed: POMPEIVS; no IJi.. ; 64 mill.; — 1557. Don Carlos (in
his twelfth year); obv. Bust tol. ; signed : F. POMP. 1557 '^L. IN.
BENIGNITATEM-PKOMPTIOR. Apollo standing; to r., the
three Graces; — Another; ^L. CONSOCIATIO ■ RERVM -
DOMINA. Draped female to 1.; —Another; ^. COGITATIO-
MEA'AD-DOMINVM. Female figure seared; beside her, Mercury,
a child and a dog; — Another; Ri.. OBVIIS" VLNIS. Fortune
leaving a female in mourning attitude. [The last three reverses do
not probably belong to Pompeo Leoni, and the last is by Pastorino
da Sienna]; — Another, Badge with bust of Don Carlos to 1,
(illustrated); ^. Venus and Cupid; dated 1559 (a reduction of the
larger medal) ; — Onorato Juan; 66, mill.; — 1575. Francisco
Hernandez de Llcvana; obv. Bust to r. ; signed : POMP. L, 1B75.
^. STABILIS-VT-NEC'METV'NEC-SPE. Justice; 58 mill.
,stsd by Google
Plon reproduces a cameo by Pompeo Leoni, representing Concor-
dia (illustrated), signed : PONPEVS FECIT.
Concordia, cameo by Fonipto Leoni.
Referring to Pompeo's Don Carlos medal, Von Fabriczy observes ;
" Diese MedaiUe zeigt, wie weit die verschwommene Manier
Pompeos kinter dem robusten Realismus seines Vaters zurucksteht
— man selie nur die sanft-und kraftlose Gestalt des Apollo auf der
RCickseite! Oder wollte der KCinstler damit etwa den Charakter
seines Helden symbolisieren ? !
To this artist should also be ascribed a Portrait- medal of Mary
of Austria, unsigned, which has a similar reverse to that of Don
Carlos, which is signed; probably also, from a similarity of style,
the medal described as follows in the Maxwell Sale Catalogue,
26. March 1906 (Sotheby, Wilkinson & Hodge) :
Alfonso Guevara, D. ALPHONSVS.GVEVAKA, bare-headed
bust in doublet with puffed sleeves to right; ^. OMNE DECVS.
BELLI. TRADE. GRADIV^ MIHL Guevara on one knee paying
homage to a warrior in ancient armour who is seated upon a dais
(ArmandWl, 282/J), diam. 67 mill.
This medal sold for ^ 50. — ■ A very excessive price.
The reverse of the medal of Ercole II. d'Este has been added to
a modern copy of Primavera's medal of Mary, Queen of Scots,
1572, and it occurs also as the reverse ofamedal of John Rantzati
{Med. 111., I, p. 118). The reverse COGITATIO MEA AD
DOMINVM is also found attached to a portrait of Margaretha von
Calslagen, wife of Joachim Polites of Antwerp (J'iiK }j)on, I, 202),
The medal is by Stephen of Holland, according to Armand.
, Bolzenthal remarks that Pompeo Leoni was a man of science and
an artist much esteemed on account of his fine draughtmanship.
Bibliography. — E. Plon, Lsam Leoni el Pompeo Leoni. — Franks & Graeber,
Meddlk Illustrations, &c. — 1. B. Supino, op. cit. — Bolzenthal, op. cit. —
Babelon, op. cit. — Armand, op. cit. — Domaiiig, op. cit. — Hamburger, RaritS-
„Googlc
— 41! —
ten-Cahinef, V, Ot. 55. — Calalogm der Ntderhindsche, &c. — Kcaty, B. M.
Guide, &c,
lEONI, ZUANO (Ital.). Mint-rector at Cattaro, 1449-1451.
LEOPARDI, ALESSANDRO (Ital.). Mint-engraver at Venice, 1506.
He prepared the dies for the copper coins issued during his term of
office.
Bibliography, — C'= Papadopoli, Alcane NoHxie sugli InlagUatori dslla Zecca
di Feneiia, MiUno, 18^8.
LEOPOLD VON DER HOCHSTRASSE (Austr.). Mint-master at
Vienna in the fourteenth century.
LEORNARDY, HENRI CHARLES (Frtmh). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Forbach (Lorraine) ; pupil of the National Drawing School-
At the Salon of 1876 he exhibited a Portrait-medallion of M, C,
de L***; — 1877. M""' C. de L***; — 1878. M. Joseph C***.
LEOSTANOS (Brit.). Goldsmith of London, and possibly Otho
Fitz Otto's successor as Mint-engraver, London, under Henry L,
1125.
LE PAGE or LE PAIGE, MICHEL (French). (.. 15 1 5-1 55 1). Gold-
smith ofLyoos, and Mint-engraverthere,«VM 1524. He was known
as "Michel le Graveur". Documents mention his naaie between
1515 and 155 1.
Bibliography. — N. Rosidot, Les Graveun de Moimaies a Lyon, Macon, 1897.
LE PADTRE (French). Engraver at the Paris Medal Mint, circ.
1650-1693.
LE PELLfi, GUILLAUME (FrencF). Mint-master at Angers under
Francis L, 15 19 ; distinctive mark, a key. His successor was Marc
Couanue, 1522-1527, 1528-1535.
LE PELLt, GOILLAUME (French). Mint-engraver at Angers, 1545.
LEPfiRE, JEAN (French). Goldsmith and Medallist of Lyons, who,
in 1500, was entrusted, in conjunction with his brother Colin, to
execute the medal issued in honour of Louis XII. and Anne ot
Brittany's visit to Lyons, and the models for which were prepared
by Nicolas Leclerc and Jehan de St. Priest.
This medal of which only silver and bronze specimens now exist
appears to have been held in high estimation by contemporaneous
artists; it is, observes M. Mazerolle, the first medal of large dimensions
and bold relief, cast by Frenchmen, but, although inspired from
Italian art, it lacks both in vigour and suppleness.
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Louis XII. and Anne of Ri
— 4^7 —
Jean Lepere was also entrusted with the execution of the medal
of Charles VIII. and Anne ot Brittany.
Bibliography. — Mazerolle, op.cil. — t^.'Rondot, Medailkurs fyotmah. — Ibid.,
Gravmrs lyonnais. — Rondor & H. De La Tour, op. cit.
LEP£rE, LOUIS {French). Goldsmith- and' Medallist of Lyons;
father of Jean and Colin Lepfere, already mentioned, died c'lrc.
I534-IS37- ■ ■ ■ ' * '
Louis Lepfere, Nicom de Floreni,e, his son m hw (J- 1499) md
Jean Lepere, his eldest son, modtlled the mt-dals \\lii(.h wcie pre-
sented to King Charleb \ III and Anne oi Btituny on the c
of their Visit to Lyons, 1494
Charles Vlil. and Anne of Brittany.
Louis Lepere, and Nicolas de Florence cut the dies from designs
supplied by the celebrated artist Jehan Perr^al; and Jean Lepere
was entrusted with the execution of the medals, restrikes of which
were made in 1502 and 1514.
N. Rondot states that this is the first French medal, thus described
in documents, and at the. same time the filrst bearing the' effigy of
a personage in bust form. ,■ . ■ .
Bibliography. — Mazerolle, of. cit.-—^RoadotyLameiaiJkd'Aime de Brelagiie
el IPS aiiteuTS, Louis Lepere^ Nicolas de Florence it Jean Lepiie,.i4g4, 1885. — Jean
Perreal. ' ■ . " .,..-.
LEPfiRE, ALFRED ADOLPHE fiDOUARD (French). Contemporary
Sculptor, Painter, and Medallist, Born, at Paris; pupil of Ramey,
Dumont, Toussaint, and Gleyre. In 1852 he obtained the first Grand
Prix de Rome, and he was made a Knight of the Legion of Honour
in 1870. By him are several Portrait-medallions, cast in bronze.
LEPERRE (French). Designer of a medal on the Peace of Pres-
bourg, engraved by Andrieu.
L, FOBBEB. — Bi^yaphiml Noting of UldalU^s. — III. i^
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— 4rS —
LEPETIT, GfiRAKD (Fre«c^). Mini- engraver at Saint-L6, 1558-
1569 ; deprived of his office in 1569 as a Huguenot, he was rein-
stated in 1570, in consequence of the edict of pacification, and
probably held his post until 1584.
Bibliography. — N. Rondot et H. Dc La Tour, op. cil.
LfiPINE, LODIS (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Paris;
pupil of Gabriel Levasseur and Osbach. By him are Portrait-
medallions : 1880. M. Tresca, vice-director of the Conservatoire
des Arts et Metiers (bronze); — Alfred Meyer (wood); — 1881.
Amide Martin (clay); — M. Krick (bronze); — 1883. Portrait-
medallions of Tresca, and Lyonnet, &c.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit.
LEPOIVRE, FRAKgOIS (French). Mint-engraver at Nancy, circ.
1545-1567.
Bibliography. — Lepage, op. cit. - Katalog der Mun:^-und Medailhn-SUmpel-
Sammbmg da- Mun^slatte Wien, III, 1905.
LE POIVRE, JEAN I (French). Brother of the last ; Mint-engraver
at Nancy, circ. 1556-1581 ; died in 1585.
IE POIVRE, JEAN II (French). Son of the last ; Goldsmith, Seal-
engraver, and Die-cutter at the Mint of Nancy, circ. 1571-1617.
Lepage quotes from several contetnporaneous Mint-records showing
this Engraver's activity at the Nancy Mint.
LE POMMEREUX, JEAN (French). Appointed Mint-engraver at
Romans and Mont^limar, 1450; later, Jje was Die-cutter to the
mints of Dauphlny.
LE POT, ALEXANDRE (French). Mint-master at Nantes, 1818-1825 ;
differential mark, a key.
LE PRESTRE, DUm^ (Frmch). Mint-engraver at Rouen, nVc. 1540.
LE PRIEUR, JOSEPH HEINRICH (Germ.). Mint-warden at Munich,
1787; Bavarian " Kreiswardein' (the last to hold this office),
1793; Mint-director, 1820-1837. He was born in 1766 and died
in 1837.
LE PRINCE, GUILLADME (French). Mint-engraver at Aix, circ.
1549.
l£py, NICOLAS (French). Sculptor, born at Nancy on the 2. May
1785, died there on the 21. June 1869. In the early years ot the
nineteenth century he executed Portrnit-medals in ivory of the
Emperor Alexander I. of Russia, Archduke Charles of Austria, and
other celebrities. Fide Chavignerie et Auvray, op. dt., I, p. 1018.
,.Goo(^[c
- 419 —
LEQU£RU,JEAN (French). Engraver of jetons, 1528-1534; he
was residing at Paris in 1533. By him are the following counters :
1528. Jetons for Pierre du Plessis; ■ — Jetons for the officers of
Renee de France, Duchess of Ferrara and Chartres; — 1529. Jetons
for Jean Vaillant; — 1532. Jetons for the Chambre des Comptes
of Renee de France ; — 1534. Jetons for Claude Enjorrant, &c.
Bibliography. — MazeroUe, op. cit. — N. Rondot & H. De La Tour, of. cit.
LfiQtIIEN, iMlXA {French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Paris
on I. November 1826. By him are Portrait-medallious in bronze
ot Philibert Pompee, first director of the Ecoie municipale Turgor ;
and Pescalozzi, the famous pedagogue.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit.
LERCH, BALTHASAR (Germ.). Mint-masterat Ratisbon, 1523-1539.
LERCH, MARTIN (G^fW!.). Mint-master at Hall in Suabia, 1494,
Wurzburg, 1507, Straubing, iJoS, Ratisbon, 1509— circ. 1523,
Neuburg-a-D., 1515.
Bibliography. — KuU, Repertorium :^ir Miln^kandeBayerns, 1903.
LERCH, JOSEPH (Austr.). Mint-engraver at Vienna, 1S31-1833
(in private capacity), Assistant-engraver at Prague, 1835-1854, and
Chief-engraver, 1854-1857. His full name is JOSEPH LERCH VOM
LERCHENAU, but his medals are variously signed : JOS. BE LEHCHE-
NAD FECIT FRAGAE or I. 0. LERCH F. FRA&AE.
Lerch was employed at the Vienna Mint during the period ot
the great coinage of 1831-1833, and between 1835 and 1857 he
engraved a great many dies for the currency issued Jt Prague.
By him are also several medals : Visit of the Emperor Francis I.
and Empress to Prague (struck, at Vienna, in 1833); — Visit ot
the Emperor Ferdinand I. and Empress to Prague, 1835 ; — Bohem-
ian Coronation of King Ferdinand, 1836 ; ■ — Bohemian Corona-
tion of Queen Marie Anne, 1836; — Visit of the Czar Nicholas I,
to Prague, 1835 ; — Prize Medal for Industry ; — XV. Congress
of German Physicians and Scientists at Prague, 1837; — Christening
Medal (in commission for Franz Josef Hoor; signed : LERCH F.
PRAGAE) ; — Jubilee of Bishop Joseph Knauer of Breslau, 1839;
— Victories of the Allied Powers over Napoleon I., 1814 (2 var.
which should probably be ascribed to another LERCH, possibly
this artist's father, who was residing at Zbirow) ; — Enthroni-
zation of Andreas Aloys, Count Skarbeck, as Archbishop of Prague,
1834; — Enthronization of Aloys Joseph, Baron von Schrenck,
as Archbishop of Prague, 1838 (signed : I. L.); — Alois Klar, of
Prague, 1833, &c.
Bibliography. — E. Fiala, op. cii. — Kalalog- de' Munien-iimi-Medaillm-SUinpel-
Sammhing. — Ad. Hess, Reimmann Sale Catalogue.
, Google
— 420 —
LEBCHENAU, JOSEPH LERCH VON. Fide LERCH, JOSEPH sup'd.
LEROTE, THOMAS (French). Mint-engraver at Auxonne, circ. 1420.
LEROUX, CLAUDE (French). Mint-master at Roueti, 1595.
LEROUX, GtJILLAUME (French). Mint-master at Rouen, previous
to 19. June 1515.
LEROUX, GASTON (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Paris; pupil of Jouifroy and Hiolle. At the Salon of 1888 he exhibited
the following Portrait-medallions : M"*^ Alice D***; — Edouard
Lanier; — ■ Henri Sauvage, &c.
LEROY, GUILLAUME (French). Mint-master at Tours, who in
conjunction with Jehan de Lorrenne, Jeban de Chantemerle and
Jehan Alleaume issued, between 1426 and 1429, Blancs of Charles VII.
BiBLiOGRAPfiV. — E. Faivre, Elatactuel des ateliers monitaires franfais, 1894..
LEHOT, HIPPOLYTE (Belg.). Contemporary Sculptorand Medallist,
residing at Ghent, where he was born on 4. April 1857. He is the
recipient ofvarious distinctions at national and foreign exhibitions. Of
late years be has produced numerous medals, among which the most
remarkable are : Queen Wilhelmina of Holland ; — Visit of Prince
and Princess Albert of Belgium to Ghent; — Provincial Exhibition
at Ghent, 1899 ; — Portrait-medal of King Leopold IL; — Princess
Albert of Belgium ; — Agricultural Show at Namur ; — Association
of Engineers educated at the Industrial schools of Ghent ; — Arrival
of President Kruger in Europe on board the " Geldeiiand", 1900;
— Birth of Prince Leopold, with portrait on obv. of Princess Albert
of Belgium; — Princess Elizabeth of Belgium, 1901 (commissioned
by the Belgian government) ; — The Queen of Holland extending
her protection to President Kruger, &c.
Referring to some of the medals above-mentioned, M. de Witte
says: " Les m^dailles de M. Le Roy, en g6n^ral de composition
assez charg^e et un pen lourdes de fagon, t6nioignent, parfois, d'uue
certaine h&te dans 1 execution. "
At the Paris Salon of 1902, Le Roy exhibited a frame containing
thirteen medals.
Bibliography. — Laioire, Medailles de Belgique. — A. de Witie, La me'daiUe an
salon triennal, Gaz. num., 1904, p. 43. — Keuue Mge de nutnUmatique, 1900, 1902,
1903.
LEROY, PIERRE (Belg.). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver of Bruges,
mentioned in numerous documents dating between 1469 and 1480.
He cut seals for Charles the Bold, Maximihan and Mary, and in
1470 a Pattern Denier a la toison.
BiBLiooRAPHV. — Biographic nationak de Bdgique, XI, 922.
, Google
— 421 —
LESACH£ (French). Die-sinker of the middle of the nineteenth
century. Several medals issued during the 1S48 Revolution are by
him: Commemorative medal of the citizena killed in February 1848;
■ — The Lille Rejoicings in October 1848; — The Events on 23.
and 24. February 1848, etc.
Bibliography. — DeSauicy, Souvenirs numismatiqttes de la Rivolulion de 1848,
LESCHOT, ARNOLD (Swiss). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
residing at Cortaillod (Neuchatel). He is the author of various
medals : FSte federale de gymnastique, Geneva, 1891 ; — Fete
federate de la Soci^t6 du Grutli, Neuchatel, 1893 ; — The Military
Schools of Coiombier, 1895 (2 var.) ; — Manoeuvres of the Svifiss
First Army Corps, 1895 ; — Fete federale de gymnastique, Chaux-
de-Fonds, 1900, etc.
Bibliography, — Revuesahse de numismatiqm, 1891-1906.
LESCOT, FRANCOIS (French). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver at
Paris, first quarter of the seventeenth century.
I.ESGARE, PIERRE (French). Mint-master at Rouen, 1515-1520.
His differential mark is "two trefoils" between FRANCORVM
and REX, and also between XPS and IMPERAT in the legends. He
succeeded Guillaume le Roux.
Bibliography. — E. Faivre, op. cit.
LESLEU, GUILLAUME (French). Mint-engraver at Saint-L6, cite.
1515.
LESOING, AUGUSTIN JOSEPH CHARLES (French). Goldsmith and
Seal-engraver of the latter end of the eighteenth century ; he resided
at Nancj', where on 5. December 1785 he was appointed Engraver
to the Corporation of Goldsmiths.
Bibliography. — Lepage, op. cit.
LESPEUVRIER, ALAIN (French). Goldsmith of Troyes, eirc. 1556-
1573 ; Mint-engraver there in 1558.
LESSE, DANIEL (Germ.). Mint-master at Danzig, 1656-1685. His
initials occur on some of the currency issued by him.
Bibliography. — Max Kirmis, Handbuch der ToliiisclKn Mim^kuiide, 1892,
LESSE, JDRGEN (Germ.). Mint-master at Roth and Eckersmiihlen
(Brandenburg), 1621-1622. Ammon calls him JOHANN LESSEN.
Bibliography. — Geberl, Die Brandenhmg-Frdnkischen Kippermunj^stdtien,
1620-1622. — Spiesem Brandeni. Man^beiust, P. Ill, 52,
, Google
— 422 —
LESSER, KARL (Germ.). Medallist of thefirst half of ihe nmeteenth
century; born in 1783; resided at Breslau, wliere he died, 27.
September 1849. He was the last official to hold the post of Medallist
to the Mini at Breslau, and was appointed in 1812. He is the author
of several commemorative medals relating to the Royal House of
Prussia ; one of the best known was struck on the Visit to Breslau
of Nicholas I. of Russia and Frederick William HI. of Prussia;
also : Portrait- medal of D' Elias Henschel of Breslau. 1837 ; — 50*
Jubilee festival of the Lodge of True Unity at Breslau, 1833 ; — ■
1803. Jubilee of the University of Breslau; ^~ 1813. Coahtion of
the Allied Powers against Napoleon I. ; — 1817. Luther commem-
oration medals (2 var.); — Shooting Prize Medals; — Agricul-
tural Prize Medals, etc.
Bibliography. ~ Bolzenthal, op. cU. — Menadier, op. cii. — Friedensbiirg,
op. cil.
LESSING, KARL GOTTHELF (Germ.). Brother of the Poet; born
at Camenz in 1741, worked first at Berlin, then became Mint-
engraver at Breslau, and filled the office of Director of the Mint
from 14. July 1779 to Easter i8ro; he died on 17. February 1812.
BiBLiOGHAPHY. — Friedensburg, op. cit.
LESSORE, FREDERICK (Brit.). Contemporary Sculptor, residing
in London. At the Royal Academy of 1905 he exhibited a Portrait-
plaque of Mark Fischer, in bronze.
LETELLIER, AflSfeNE (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Rouen ; pupil of Duret and J. Debay. By him are numerous Portrait-
medallions, exhibited at the Salons since 1869,
LETHIELLEUX, P. (Canad.). Designer of a medal on the Univer-
sity College of Ottawa, struck in 1847, by Trouchou.
BiiiUOGiiAPHY. — J. Lcroux, MMailUer du Canada, Montreal, 1888.
LETTRE, CORNEILLE DE (Belg.). Mint-master at Antwerp, 18.
February 1600 to 31. March 1606.
LEU, MAX (Swiss). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Soleure;
pupil of Cavelier and L. Morice. In 1885 he exhibited at the Salon
a Portrait-medallion in bronze, and he is the author of a number
of others.
LEUKIOS (LUCIUS). This Gem-engraver's signature, whichoccurson
a carnelian of the former Stosch collection, and represents a Winged
Nike in biga galloping, appears authentic to most critics (illustrated),
and Prof. Furtwangler does not express any doubt about it. He
says : "Die Arbeit ist ganz reizend frisch ond lebendig, ohne
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— 423 —
alkuviel Detail, ganz in der Art des Aulus nnd seines Viergespanns".
According to King, tliis signature has been added, also on other
gems ; Masque of a bearded Faun (Gori); — Head of Poppaea,
sard (Wackerbarth) ; — Head of Silenus- — Victory, carnelian;
etc.
Bibliography. — De Siosch, Pierres gravies, pi. 41. — Babelon, Gemmae, Diet,
des ant. gr. et rom. — Reinach, Pisrres graves. — King, Handbook, London,
188;. — Raspe, Tassk's Gems, 1791- — Furtwangler, op, cit. — D", Gemmen mit
Kunstkrinscbriften, 1889.
LEUKON or DEUKON. Probably a fictitious engraver's signature
on gems.
LEUlIE, CHARLES ACHILLE (^French). Contemporary Sculptor and
Gem-engraver, born at Paris on the 12. November 1826. At the
Salon of 1867, he exhibited two cameos in agate-onyx : Polyhymnia,
study after the antique ; — Portrait of young G. Lenlie ; — 1868.
The Spinner, cameo in oriental carnelian; — 1869. Portrait of
Napoleon I., cameo in sardonyx, &c.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit.
LEUFOLD (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Dresden, circ. 1765-1770.
His signature L. occurs on Polish Ducats of 1765. Vide Ammon,
Sammlung etc.
LEUTNANT, I. (Attstr.). Assistant-engraver at the Vienna Mint,
1829-1832.
LEUSSfiOUR, BLANC (French). Goldsmith, Seal and Jeton Engraver,
circ. 1357-1359-
LEUTZE (Amer.). Designer of a "Shipwreck Medal" ot the
U.S. A, the dies for which were cut by Ellis. "These medals were
struck for presentation to officers of vessels of foreign nations, as an
acknowledgment of their services, in saving the lives and property
of shipwrecked Americans. "
Bibliography. — Snowden, Washington Medals, p. 9}.
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— 434 —
LE VASSEUB, ANTOINE (PfMci?). Mini-master at Angers, 1599.
LEVASSEXIR, JDLES CLfiMENT (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born a: Paris ; pupil of Michel Pascal. Among liis various exhibits
at the Paris Salons, Chavignerieet Auvray mention the following:
Portrait-medallions ; 1874. L, Noel, dramatic artist; — 1875.
M".- C***; — 1876. M. Nob^court; — M. Ploton, actor; — 1877.
M. A. F**; — 1881. M. Ploton, of the Theatre de I'Ambigu,
bronze medal; — 1886, M. Gady; — 1887. Henri Eudine, etc.
LfiVEQTJE, PIERRE (French). Sculptor and Die-sinker at Paris,
Palais Royal; born at Beauvais in 1780; died at Passy in 1845,
One of his daughters married the celebrated engraver L. Ch. Bouvet.
He is said to have cut several medals commemorating the Revolu-
tion of July 1830. By him are also Portrait-medals : Giuseppe Blan-
gini, Italian composer (signed : LEVEQUE SC) ; — Rev. J. C. Lava-
ter (3 var.); — Birth of Louise Marie Tb^rfese de France, 1819,
etc., and Jetons : Mines de charbon, Dep' du Nord. — Soci6t6 des
Mines houilleres de la Btondi^re, 1840 or 1841 ; — Mines de
houille de La Grand'Croix, 1837 ; — Compagnie fratiijaise. Exploi-
tation des Houilleres, Mines et Usines, 1837; — '^. of Medal ot
St. Lonisby Gayrard, with representation of the Order of St. Louis;
— Compagnie du canal Monsieur, Strassburg, 1821.
Lev^ue contributed to Durand's medaUic series.
BiBT.ioGRAPHY. — Roliemhal, op. cil. — Florange, Esuii sur ks jtloiis et
Medailhs de Mines fraiifaises, Paris, 1904.
LEVI, ISAAC (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Wiirzburg, 1759-1762.
LEVICE, ROBY (Sr/(.). Contemporary Sculptor, residing in Lon-
don, who at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1899 showed a
Portrait-medallion of W, B. Rickman.
"Miss Levick", says Mr. Spielmann in British Sculpture and
Sculptors of to-day", who first exhibited at the Academy in 1893,
seems to have made a special study of youth at sport. Her admirably
arranged bronze statuette-groups of " Boys fishing", " Boys
wrestling " and *' Foot-ball " are all clever and well modelled; the
last named composition is full of life and vigour."
LE VIDAME, GERVAIS (French). Mint-engraver at Angers, circ.
1401-1402.
LEVIEIL, JEAN (?) (French). Medallist of the early part of the
seventeenth century, who resided at Rennes. He is the author of a
medal (signed : I. LEViEIL F.) with portraits of Louis XTU. and
Marie de M^dicis, commemorating the laying of the foundation-
,/ Google
stone of a bridge on La Vilaine, at Rennes, 1612. The work is
poor.
Bibliography. ■ — Mazerolle, op. cil.
LEVILLAIN, ANDR£ (French). Mint-engraver iii Dijon, 1555-1558.
LEVILLAIN, FERDINAND (French). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Paris (^Passy); pupil of Lequien and Jouffroy.
He first began to exhibit m 1861. In 1872, he was rewarded with
a medal of the second class; a medal ot the first class in 1884; a
silver medalat the Universal Exhibition of 1889; and made a Knight
of the Legion of Honour in 1892. He died on the 22"* January
1905. For many years he had been a member of the Jury of the
Salon. A number of his productions are exhibited at the Luxemburg
Museum.
Besides numerous works of sculpture, Levillain has produced
some very fine medals and belongs to the leading French medallists
of ourtime. By him are : 1866. Ceres, bronze medal; ■ — Youthful
Bacchus; ■ — 1867. Pandora and Epimetheus; — Napoleon L; —
1868. Menalchus andMopsus ; — Juno; — 1869. The Golden Age;
— Heralcles and Omphale ; — Jupiter and Juno ; — The Vintner,
plaque ; — 1870, Homer and the Shepherds, bas-relief in bronze; '
— 1872. Market-day, and Return from Market; medal in clay,
obv. and 1^.; — JB^. Portrait-medal of C. Sevin, sculptor; —
1873. A Procession, bas-relief In bronze ; — .^.Portrait-medal of
F. Jouffroy, the medalHst ; — 1874. Mercury; — Portrait of M.B.***;
— ■ 1875. The Rape of Europa, bas-relief in bronze; — 1876. Fight
between Centaurs and Lapich^, bas-relief in terracotta; — Vulcanus,
medal of the Society of bronze manufacturers; — Education —
Bacchus; — 1877. Youth leading a goat; — The Amphora of
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— 426 —
Medusa; — 1H78, Hop Gathering; — 1879. Portrait of M. Noel
Louis; — 1880. Large bas-relief in bronze represeuting various
scenes of rbe myth of Bacchus, &c. ; and among the artist's later
X
medals and medallic works, the best known are no doubt : |uno
and Psyche (executed in commission for the " Societe francaise des
Amisde la M^daille; illustrated); — La Lecture; — Ceres and
Bacchus; — Universal Exhibition of 1889; the Eiffel Medal; —
The National Manufactory of Sevres; — Alexandre Barbier
(plaquette) ; — M. Z. Beau, Oinon of St. Maurice at Sens ; — The
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— 427 —
Cliariot of the Sun ; — Portrait ofayoung Girl; — The Education
of Bacchus ; — Youth and Old age; — ■ Aristide Bruant; — The
Charmer (illustrated) ; — Jean du Cogno ; — Diogenes ; —
Larona and the frogs; — Medaea; — The Death of Argus;
— The four Seasons; — The Seine; — The City of Paris; —
Louis Nogl; — George Gapnac; — La Terre; ■ — The Death of
Argus; — Perseus; — Idyl; — Ganymede; — Theodore Deck,
rSSyi — Abb^ Beau, ivory portrait-medallion; — The Potter,
1888; — Commemorative medal of the Eiffel Tower, 1889; —
Diogenes and Alexander bronze medal; — Agricultural Prhe
Medal, 1890; — Diogenes searching for a man; — Latona and
the farmers, 1893 ; — M, Georges Berger, Deputy of the Seine; —
M. Alexandre Barbier, 1896; — M"^ Clemence Tetu, 1897; —
Ceres and Bacchus, medal, 1898, &c.
Levillain has been called " un puissant evocateur de I'antique ",
Most of his subjects are drawn from mythology, but he has adapted
■'them to modern ideas, without falling into the excesses of some of
the representatives of the modern school. His feminine forms,
whether nude or enclothed in drapery are natural and delicately
modelled. Most of his compositions, in sculpture, decorative art, as
well as in medal-engi;aving, are well drawn, carefully designed and
elaborately executed.
M. Roger Marx has described Levillain as a very able artist, who
has been successful in modernizing the antique and stamping his work
with his own individuality ",
Bibliography. — Chavigaerie et Auvray, op. cit. — Roger Marx, MidaiUeurs
conlemporains. — Do, The Studio, Oct. 1898, p. 21. — Do., MddaiJletirs fratifais.
— Calahgai du Salon, iqo^-igo^. — Z.'Wr(, 1894, p, 7a. — Art d Dhoration,
1899, II, 51; 1903, 11, 36. — Art dkoratif, 1901, 65, 67. — L. B^n^dite,
op. cit. — Gazette numismuliqtie jraifaue, 1898, 1900. — D' J. ile Dompierre tie
Chaufepi^, MiiailUs et Plaquettes moda-nes, it.
LEVISON, DAVID (^Scotcl)). Mint-master at Edinburgh under Mary
Stuart. From the rz"" March 1555 to 1556 he coined in Testoons
and Half-testoons 557 stones 4 pounds 2 \ ounces; 1556-1558.
Three Pound pieces (none of 1556 are known); 1556. Lions; —
1557. Placks; — 1558. Lions or Hardheads, &c.
Bibliography, — Burns, The Coinage of Scotland, 1887.
LEVY, CHARLES (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Paris;
pupil of Toussaint. At the Silons of 1873 and 1878 he exhibited
Portrait-medallions of private persons.
LEW, Vide LEWEN, SALOMON.
, LEWEN, SALOMON (Germ.). Coiner at Breslau, said to have been
arrested and imprisoned on 16. November 1583 for issuing light
,stsd by Google
currency. He was Mine-master at Breslau, 1565-1600; but before
that he had tilled the post of Imperial: Mint-warden there.
Bibliography. — Fried en sburg, op. cU.
LEWIS, W. 0. (Br;Y.). Die-sinker of Birmingham, whosesignature:
W. 0. LEWIS BIRMM I have noticed on a Jubilee Medal of Q.ueen
Victoria, 1S87, and also on a Portrait-medal of General Gordon,
who died at Khartoum, 1888. He is a manufacturer of buttons,
badges, medals, &c.
LEYDIER, ANTOINE (French). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver of
Lyons, circ. i445-'l-i46o. He is called " Antoine le doner " in
contemporary documents. In 1456 he was entrusted with the cutting
of dies for the Mint of Lyons. By him are jetons of Queen Marie
of Anjou, consort of Charles VII.
BiBLIOGBAPHY. — N. Rondot, Lis Orfiwcs de Lyon du XIF' au XVllb sikle,
Paris, 188a.
LEYGEBE or LEIGEBE, GOTTFRIED (GiTm.^.Medallist of the seven-
teenth century; born at Freistadt (Silesia) in 1630, learned the art
of die-cutting at Nuremberg in 1645, worked at Dresden, and in
1668 was appointed Mint-engraver at Berlin, where he remained
until his death in 1683. He attained an early celebrity as already in
1660 the Nuremberg copper-plate engraver Andreas Greiff had made
his portrait.
As a Sculptor in iron, Leygebe is not only the first but also the
most famous ; his statuettes cut out of solid iron are most important
works; one of them, a small equestrian statue of the Great Elector,
represented as Bellerophon slaying the three-headed Chimaera, is
now preserved in the HohenzoUern Museum.
Bv this artist are the following medalhc productions : Portrait-
medallion of the Great Elector, in life-size (signed : 1671 . G. LEIGEBE
AD VIV : FECIT) ; — 1664. J. M. Dilherr, Nuremberg; — 1665.
Hieronymus Gutthater; — 1666. J. M. Dilherr (without the usual
signature : G. L.); — Balthasar Kauffman ; — 1667. Johann Mich.
Dilherr (a copy, of smaller module, of the medal dated 1664) ; —
Undated. Jodocus Christoph Kress (profile bust); — 1668. Jod.
Christ. Kress (facing portrait) ; — Undated. The Great Elector
(facing bust) ; — Another (profile portrait); — 1669. The Great
Elector, on his return from Prussia; ■ — 1670, Birth of Princess
Maria Amalia, obv. Bust of the Electress Dorothea 1^. QVAE
PATRE SCEPTRIGERO, &c.- Palm-tree, &c. ; — 1673'. Prince
Charles Emil, on the Campaign in Alsace; — 1673. Frederick III.,
Margrave of Brandenburg ^L. SVVM CVIOVE.The city of Berlin,,
above which an eagle; — 1675. Octavian Burger, of Dresden
(illustrated); — 1677. The Great Elector (similar to that of 1673);
— 1678. Heinrich Zipfel (nor signed); — 1679, Elizabeth Henrietta,
o,C.oo(^lc
— 4^9 —
first consort of the Great Elector; ■ — (1680). Raban von Cansrein ;
— 1680. 11"' Birthday of Prince Philip WiUiam of BrandenbLirg ;
— Undated. The Great Elector and his consort. All these are
mentioned by Friedlatider, but I have found records of some others :
1675. Battle of Fehrbellin (2 var.); — - Schauthaler on the same
event ^. PAX VNATRIVMPHIS INNVMERIS POTIOR. Peace;
ex. : F : BELLINVM 18. JVN. 1675 ; — 1667. Death of the Great
Elector's consort, Louise Henriette, 1667 (6 var.); — 1677, Capture
of Stettin, ^L. NON NISI lUSTA PROBANTUR ARMA. Justice;
— 1669. Marriage of the Great Elector with Princess Elizabeth
Henrietta of Hesse-Cassel ; — 1681. Henrietta Catherina, Princess
of Orange, etc.
Octavian Burger, 1675, by G. Leygebe.
Most of this artist's medals are cast and chased, but some are
also struck. To the cast specimens belong those dated 1664-1667,
which, were executed in all probability at Nuremberg, and also his
earlier Berlin productions ; they are by far the best, as the models
were prepared in wax in a very free manner.
Leygebe's initials occur also on currency of Brandenburg. I have
noticed them on a Thaler of the Great Elector, dated 1679.,
Bibliography. — Erman, Deutsche Medaitkure, Berlin, 1884. — Bolzenthai,
06. cj;., — Menadier, SchaumUr^en des Houses Hehen^ollem, Berlin, 1901. —
Hatnburger, Mritdten Katalog, IV, n" 259, — J. Friedlander, Gottfried Leigebe,
Zeitschrifl fiir Numlsmatik, X, ao2-ai6. — Catalogus der Nederlandsche en op
'Nedf.Tlaitd hetrekhing hebbende^Gedenkpenningen, 'sGiiveahage, 190J. — Blanchet,
op.cit. —Ad, Heis^adii., ReimmannCatalogue, II, 1892. — De historiepemingen
en munten betrehking hebbende op het Siamhuis van Oranje-Nassati, 1898. — D' Julius
Cahn, Medailten und Plaketten der Sammlung W. P. Metier, 1898.
, Google
LEYWER, VALENTIN (^«ri^.)- Mint-warden at Kremnitz, i ; 5 1-
1565.
LEYSALLE, PIERRE EMILE(fi-£Kc/<). Contemporai-y Sculptor, born
at Paris; pupil of Mathurin Moreau and Carpeaux. By him are
several medallic works : 1 874. Portrait-medallion in bronze ; — 1875.
Portrait-medallion of M. D"***; — Another of D' Lsinne; — 1878.
Portrait-medallion of M'"^ L. S***; — Portrait-medallion ot
Alphonse Poitevin (signed : E. LEYSALLE. [uniface, cast in bronze]);
— Medal commemorating the Utilization of the Motive povi^ers of
the Rhone, 1886 (engraved by Hugues Bovy and C. Richard); —
Fourth Cantonal Rifle Meeting at Geneva, 1882 (engr. by
C. Richard); — 1892. The Triumph of Universal Suffrage; —
Three Portrait-medallions in wax, etc.
Bibliography. — Chavlgncrie el Auvray, op. ctt. — Bulletin suisss de num.,
1882. — Tobler-Meyer, op. cU. ~ Information received from M. juks Florange,
L. P. VidelMZli. FALIERO. Mint-inspector at Venice, 1631.
L. F. Vide LEEFKEN, J. J. Medallist at St. Petersburg, circ. 1694-
1709.
L. F. Vide L0NGERBERGER, J. Medallist at St. Petersburg, circ.
1730-174J.
L. F. Vide-LQO^, G. F. Medallist and Mint-engraver at Nuremberg,
Ratisbon and Wurzburg, 1742-1766,
L. F. Vide LAVY, AMADEO. Mint-engraver at Turin, circ. 1796-
1826,
L. G. Videhk-R% GBANDEL. Medallist at Stockholm, 1800-1836.
_L. C, r/t/e GENNARI, L. Roman Medallist of the early part of the
nineteenth century.
L. G. L. Vide LAZAROS GOTTLIEB LAUFER. Mint-master at
Nuremberg, 1670-1690.
L. H. Vide LUBERT HADSSMANN. Mint-master at Miihlhausen,
1616, and Cassel, 1635-1638.
L. H. Vide-LUXmiG HELD. 1805, — f 1839. Medallist at Berlin.
LH. fiWe HAUBOLD LEHNER. Mint-master at Ratisbon, i';98-died
in 1628. '^ '
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L. H. B. Fide LUDWIG HEINRICH BARBIEZ. Medallist at Berlin,
1738-1754.
L. H. L. Fide LUDOLPH HEINRICH LUDERS. Mint- master at Det-
mold and Brake, 1716-1727.
Bibliography. — Schlickeyseti-Pallmann, ojj. ctt.
L'HOEST, EUGfeNE tfiON (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Paris on the 12. July 1874; pupU of Thomas and Lanson, and
of the £co!e Nationale des Beaux-Arts. He first began exhibiting at
the Salon in 1893, and has earned the following awards : 1895,
Mention honorable; and 1900, Medal of the 3"' Class. He is also
a Laur^at de I'lnslitut and OfEcier d'AcadSmie.
Beside numerous work of sculpture this artist has produced
the following Plaquettesand Medallions : Gorge Ville, Admlnistra-
ceur du Museum (JR.. Plaquette, Salon 1901); — Maurice MuUer;
— M"" Georges Ohnet (^. Plaquette, Salon 1902); —
M"'^ L'hoest ; — M"'^ X***"; — M. R. Lecocq, 1903 ; — Salon of
1904. Portrait of M"° Simone Magnanl; — Frame containing
various medals in silver; — 1905. LaGtS future; — Two Portrait-
medallions and a Plaquette, etc.
Bibliography. — Injormation Imdly supplied by the Artist.
L'HOMME-DE-MERCEY, BERKARH (French). Sculptor of the nine-
teenth century; a pupil of David d' Angers and F. Rude; has
exhibited at the Salons between 1847 and 1865. By him are some
Portrait-medallions in the style of David d' Angers.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cii.
L'HOMMEAU, JULES AURfiLE (f rracA). Contemporary Sculptor of
Mans (Sarrhe); pupil of Barrias. He exhibited at the Salon of 189S
a Porcrait-plaquette ; and in 1905. M""' L, R***, etc.
LHOSTE, LADRENT BRUNO (French). Director of the Bordeaux
Mint, from year IV to year XL of the First Republic; distinctive
mark, an ancient lamp.
LHOSTE, PIERRE (French). Mint-master at Chambiiry, circ.
1420.
LJALIN, ALEXANDER (Rms.). Medallist of the second quarter ot
the nineteenth century, who worked at St. Petersburg. Iversen
states that he was born in 1799, entered in 1813 the Academy ot
Fine Arts, where he obtained the second silver medal, appointed
Engraver at the Mint in 1824, and died in 1861. From 185 1 until
his death he held a chair of Professor of medal-engraving at the
Academy.
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Amongst his productions, which are usually signed A.JI. or
A.JIH.IHE'b I have noticed ; Portrait- medal of Peter the Great; —
Transfer of the University to the building of the !2 Colleges,
1838; — Sir James Wylie, Bart., physician, 1840; — Coronation
Medal of Alexander II, 1856 (illustrated) ; — D' Pietro Zagorski,
./Google
— 433 —
St. Petersburg; — D' Johaiin Georg vonRuehl; — D' Johann von
Busch, St. Petersburg, &c.
Bibliography. — Iversetv, Medailhn auj die Thateii Peter des Grossen,
St. Petersburg, 1872. — F. P. Weber, op. at.
LJALIN, PAUL (^Rtiss.). Medallist of the end of the eighteenth and
early part of the nineteenth century; father of the more celebrated
Engraver Alexander Ljalin. None of his medallic works have come
under my notice.
BiBUOGiiAPHY. — Iversen, op. cii.
L'HUILIER, ADOLPHE (French). Contemporary Gem-engraver,
born at Breteuii (Eure), At the Salon of 1898 he exhibited a Plaque
representing the facade of the Paris Opera House.
LIARD, A. (French). Son of Ferdinand Liard, and also one of the
most expert Founders of modern times. He is employed, not
only by French, but also by British medallists to cast their
medallions. There is a Portrait-plaquette of A, Liard by Lechevrel.
LIARD, ANTONIN LOUIS (French). Contemporary .Sculptor, born
at Paris; pupil of David. At the Salon of [895 he exhibited a
Portrait-medal of AchiUe Wilmotte.
LIARD, PERDIMAND (French). A celebrated Founder, well-known
by his casts of early ItaUan medals in the Victoria and Albert
Museum, South Kensington. He cast various Portrait-medallions,
amongst which that of Darwin, by Prof. Legros. There is a Portrait-
medallion of F. Liard byFremy, 1866.
Bibliography. — F. P. Weber, op. cit.
LIATOOD, JEAN (French). A native of Valence, Mint-master at
Lyons in 1340, and also designated in a contemporary document
"sculptor ferrorum". According to Rondot, the coins engiaved by
Liatoud in 1340 were : Denier blanc (2 var.); — Denier double
noir; — Petit Denier noir ; — Obole noire.
BcBLiOGRAPHY. — Naialis Rondot, Las Graveurs de Monnaus A Lvoti, Macon,
1897.
LIBBEKE, JEANNE VAN (Belg.). Widow of Dominique Wouters,
and his successor as Mint-master at Antwerp, from i. April 1618
to 19. August 1 619.
LIBBEKE, JEAN and JEANNE (Belg.). Joint Mint-masters at Ant-
werp, 18. September 1619 — 24 April 1620.
LIBBEKE, JEAN (Belg.). Mint-master at Antwerp, 30. April 1620
— 31 March 1624.
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— 434 —
LIBBEKE, LAURENT. Fide LIEBEKE.
IIBENS. According to Raspe, a caftielkn intagUo with the heads
of AiKoninus Pius and Faustina Senior is tlius signed.
LICHTE, JACOB (Germ.). Mint-master at Mfinsfcid, 1621.
LICINIUS. Fictitious signature on a Poni^towsH gem represent-
ing Orion in Hades.
uma, OLOF (Siued.). Mint-master at Stockholm, 1774-1819.
LICINIUS, NERVA A. (Rom.). Mint-master (Triumvir monetalis)
at Rome, B.C. 49-45.
LICINIUS STOLO, P. (Rovi.). Mint-master ('Triumvir monetalis)
at Rome, B.C. 17.
LIDL, MATHES VON MISSLAW (Ausir.). Mint-master at Kutten-
berg, circ. 1550.
LIEBEKE, CORNEILLE VAN {Belg.). Mint-master at Bruges,
10, January 1600 to 8. November 1605; also at Brussels,
15. January i6or to 21. March of same year. His name occurs in
some documents as LIBBEKE.
LIEBEKE, JEAK VAU (Belg.). Mint-master at Bruges, 15. December
1606 to 31. August 1613, and again from 30. December 1618 to
14. September 1619.
LIEBEKE, LAURENT VkT>l(Belg.). Mint-masterat Bruges, 10. March
to 15. May, 1584.
LIEBEL, LUDWIG (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Giinzburg, 1786.
Previously to his appointment at Glinzburg, he had been Mint-
engraver at Prague, 1765-1784. He cut dieslor Thalers, Zwanziger,
Zenner and Groschen of Joseph IL
Bibliography. — E. Fiala, op. cii.
LIEBHARD, RUDOLF (Austr.). Mint-engraver at Carlsburg in Trans-
sylvania, after 1779.
LIEBHOLZ, ANDREAS (Germ.). Mint-contractor at Kemnath,
1633.
LIEBMANN, A. (Germ.). Engraver and Die-sinker at Berlin.
I have seen a medal by him of Prof. Ludwig Pietsch, on his
80''' Birthday, 25. December 1904.
LIEBMANN, JOHABN (Germ.). Mint-warden at Clausthal, 1646,
Krossen, 1664-1667, and Berlin, 1667-16S2. His initials occur on
./Google
medals by G. Leygebe issued on the death of Louise Henrieue,
Priticessof Orange, Princess Elector of Brandenburg (sev. vnr.),etc.
LIEROSLAW, SIEGMUND VON {Austr.). Mint-engraver at Kuttcn-
berg, 1516-1522.
IIEBST, DIETRICH CHRISTIAN (Gem.)- Mint-master at Altona,
1783-1787. Sotne of his issues are signed D.C.L.
LIEBL, MICHAEL (G^rm.). Mint-master at Amberg, 1622-1623.
LifiNARD, P, G. {French). Medallist of the early part of the nine-
teenth century, residing at Paris, who issued a large series of oval
Portrait-plaques, uniface, of celebrated Men, ancient and modern.
One of these bears the reverse inscription : MEDAILLEUR
G£n£RAL DES HOMMES CfiLEBRES OU FAMEUX ANCIENS
ET MODERNES C0MMENC£ EN 1801 PAR P. G. LifiNARD
A PARIS.
The series is a very large one ; the plaques are oval in shape and
oi repousse work, generally with the name of the person represented.
The foUowinghavecome under my notice : Napoleon I. (many varie-
ties); — Empress Josephine; — Empress Marie-Louise; ^Louis
Napoleon, King of Holland; — Queen Hortense ; — Joseph
Napoleon, King of Spain; — Jerome Napoleon, King of West-
phalia; ~ Prince Mural; — Bernadotte, Prince oi Ponte Corvo,
i8o6; — J. B. Jules Bernadotte, Prince Royal of Sweden, 1810; —
Queen Caroline ; — Princess Borghese ; — Princess Pauline ; —
Marshal Oudinot, Duke of Reggio; — Prince Lebtun, Duke of
Placentia; — Massena, Prince of Esslingen; — Marshal Ney; —
Marshal Souk; — The Duke of Wellington; &c,, and many
other portraits of ancient and modern Emperors and Empresses,
Kings and Queens, Princes aud Princesses, Generals and Admirals ;
also Painters, as P. P. Rubens, Sculptors, Architects, &:c.
Bramsen, Medaillier Napoleon le Grand, Copenhagen, 1904, de-
scribes the following productions of Li^nard : 1799. Cambaceres; —
Lebmn; — 1800, Death of Genera] Desaix at Marengo (5 var.); —
Assassination of Kleber (4var.) ; — Homage to Napoleon (3 var.);
— 1806. Louis Napoleon, King of Holland; ■ — Hortense, Queen
of Holland ; — General L. G. Suchet; — 1807. Death of Count de
Portalis (2 var.); — The Empress Josephine; — r8o6. Death ot
Cardinal de Belloy; — Alexander L, Czar of Russia; — The Queen
of Prussia; — Camille, Prince Borghese; ■ — Pauline, Princess
Borghese; — Amelia, Vice-queen of Italy; — Marshal Ney; —
General Junot (2 var.); — General HuUin; — Fran^ais, directcur
des droits rSunis (2 var.); — 1809. Charles Louis, Archduke of
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Austria; — The King of Saxony; — The King of Wurlemberg;
Henri IV.; — Turcnne (2 var.) ; — Abbe de I'Epee (2 var.), etc.
LIENPACHER, HANNS VON LIEKPACH (Austr.). Mint-master at
Kremnitz, appointed on the 12. December 1618.
LIEPHARD, HANS (Gc?-m.). Mint-master at Erfurt, 1 592-1 599, and
Gottingenj 1601-1606.
LIEPHARD, VALENTIN (Auslr.). Mint-master at Vienna, 1455-
1473, under Frederick IH.
BiBLioGEflPHY. — Von Ebengreiith, op. cit., pp, 84, 85.
LIEWID {Germ.). Moneyer at Breslau, 1627.
LIGBER, 3. (Germ.'). Mint-engraver at Warsaw, ciVc. 1808.
LIGER, ANTOINE (French). Mint-engraver at Aix, i^yS-l 1583.
LIGER, JEAN (French'). Son of Antoine Liger; Mint-engraver at
Aix, 1 581-1609.
LIGER, l£ger (French). Leodegarius Ligerii. Goldsmith, appointed
by the Archbishop of Lyons, on 23. February 1383, as Mint-
engraver there (Sculptor seu scissor cugnorum dicte monele) under the
Mint-master Barthelemy Lambert.
Bibliography. — N. Rondot, Les Graveurs a la Monnaii de Lycn, 1897. —
Rondot and De La Tour, op. cit.
LIGIER, GEOFFROY or GEUFFROY (French). Goldsmith and Mint-
engraver at Troyes, 1482-1515.
LIGORIO, PIRRO (lial.). A Neapohtan Forger of the seventeenth
century, whose productions are commonly known as " Ligoriana ",
and consist mostly of ancient coins, probably Roman Imperial
copper coins, which he cleverly patinaied, also coins and medals of
Popes and Cardinals, amongst which the medal of Cardinal Jacomo
Savello (Uter Pope Honorius IV., 1285-1287), &c.
Prof. Dressel of Berlin suggests that many of the so-called
Paduans are probably by Ligorio, and quotes the following docu-
ments concerning this renowned Forger from Martinelli's" Roma
ex ethnica sacra (Rome, 1653, p. 423).
Pirro Ligorio, mi disse Jacomo Card. Sauello, H quale I'haueuaconos-
ciuto, ch'era un antiquarto, che faceua projessiane di cercare li vesiigi
anlichi dellefabriche di Roma, e di disegnarli : si dilettam delle meda-
>sted by Google
gUe antiche, & ne fees improniare molte di nwuo, dandoli una ruggine
verde, b altro fuco, accid paressero antiche, delle quail ne fece, b contra-
fece gran quantith, che hanno inganflBto molti. Tali medaglie stampd
anche de Papi e Cardinali, ianto de tempi antichi, come de tempi bassi,
& questo mi disse H detto Jacomo Card. Sauello mm giorno, ch'iogiouane li
portai una medagUa di Jacomo Card. Sauello Cardinale antico di questa
casa, che fit Papa Honorio IV dicendomi, non i antica, deue essere di
Pirro Ligorio, & mi signified ch'era huomo manuale & non di lettere,
come si pud vedere da questo libretto, al quale non est tutum credere.
Bibliography. — H. Dressel, Pino Ligorio als Miin^fHschir , Zeitschrift (ur
Numismatik, XXII, 206. - Ponipeo Ugoni. Ligorio'; book '^ delle aniicbila di
LIHR (Sived.) Mini-Director at Helsingtors, appointed in 1896.
LIKOS. Inscription on a fine Gem, but probably the name of the
Gem inscribed AIK02-
LILLABT (French'). Contemporary Die-sinker at Lyons, by whom
is an Agricultural Prize Medal with bust of Jean Francois Rozier.
LILLT, M. 6. (Amer.). Goldsmith or Jeweller of Columbus,
Ohio, who published in 1899 a medal of the American Public
Health Association (A.J.N. 1490).
LIMA, CASIMIR JOSfi DE{Port.). Mint-engraver at Lisbon, 1856-
1899, and Medallist; pupil of Fred. A, de Campos. He was
appointed Second Engraver in 1870.
At the Universal Exhibition, Paris, 1900, this artist exhibited a
medal dedicated to D'' Jose de Souza Martino.
By Lima is a Catalogue of the puncheons, matrices and dies
existing al the Lisbon Mint Museum, which was published in
1873.
LIMPRUKN orLINNBRUNN. CEOEG VON {Germ.). Mint and Min-
ing-counsellor at Munich; "l* 1787.
LIMPRUNN, JOHANN DOMINIKUS VON {Germ.). Mint-master at
Amberg, 1763-1780.
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LINCK, JOHANN (Germ.). Medallist and Mint-engraver at Heidel-
berg, 1659-1711. His initials occur in 1690 on currency of the
Bishop of Wiirzburg, and son:ie of his medals are signed : LINCK;
or I. LINCK sculp. Heidelbergae.
Amongst his productions are : Frankfurt Medal of Leopold I.,
1696 (signed ; I.L.); — Peace of St-Germain-en-Laye, and Foiitaine-
bleau, 1679 (signed : LINCK : sculp, Heidelbergae).
A Thaler of Charles, Count Palatine of the Rhine, i68r, bears
the initials XL which refer to a Mint-master of the name of j, Linck
(Vide Ad Hess Nachf., Reimmann Sale Catalogue, 11, n" 4355).
Schlickeysen-Pallmann suggest that he may have also worked at
Cassel, circ. 1691.
Bibliography. — Bolzenthiil, op. ctl. — Amman, op. dl. — Hildebrand, o/>.
cit., 1, 417.
LINCKE or LYNCH or LINCHE, GERMAYNE (Brit.'). Master of the
Mints in Ireland, from the end of Henry VI.'s reign to the 13"' year
of Edward IV. He was indicted, An 12 Edward IV. (1462) "for
that when the statute said, that every pound of Bullion coined,
should be forty-four shillings in money, he coined out of every
pound forty-eight shillings, and that he coined at Drogheda one
thousand groats, which being tried, Ic was foutid that eleven weigh-
ed but three-quarters of an ounce" and found guilty; but the King
having, by letters patent, granted him his pardon m 1473, he was
again employed.
BiBLiOGnAPHY. — Rudijig, Op. Ctl. — Sitnon, An Essay on Irish Coins, Dublin,
LINDAHL, S. (Dan.). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist of
Copenhagen. D' Storer knows of an unsigned medal, by him, of
the Medical Students at the University of Copenhagen (1889).
LINDAUER, EDMOND EDG£ne £mile (French). Contemporary
Sculptor and Medallist, residing at Paris; pupi! of Jacques Perrin
and Keltz.
By him are the following medallic productions : 1896. M"""
Lindauer; -— 1899. Portrait of Pierre; —Four medals in silver; —
1900. M"'^ Lindauer, medal in steel; — Pierre, portralt-plaquette
in steel ; — 1901. La Vierge au lys; — L'Ange pleureur; — ■ Le
Christ du Sacre Cceur ; — Virgin and Child ; — " Mater Inviolata " ;
— Tricoteuse; ■ — 1902. Portrait-plaquettes ; — 1903. Alcool
industriel (bronze medallion); — The French Repubhc (bronze
medallion) ; — Portrait-plaquette of M. J. Buffet; — 1904, Portrait
of M, Laurent Buffet (plaguette) ; — M^daille du 37'' de ligne ; —
Alcool industrel; — 1905. Portrait of Pierre; — 1906. Plaquette, and
various medals, &c.
BiiiLiooRAPHY. — Catalogues du Sdon, 1900.
, Google
LINDBERG, ERIK (Swed.). Contemporary Sculptor ^iid Medallist,
residing at Stockholm; a son of Prof. Adolf Lindberg, born in 1873
and although quite young, a very able and clever artist. " He has
Nobel Medcii ( Literature), hy Erick I.inJberg.
shown in the execution of the various medals he has already pro-
duced a very rare ability, not only in regard to composition and
./Google
artistic workmanship, but also in the delicacy of expression and
feelim of form in his modelling of the subjects. The likeness of the
^. of Nobel Medai ("Physics and Chemistry).
r-,~ ,.' ■' ,j *- i
%^
^T^
kte Alfred Nobel on the various Prize Medals reproduced here, is
considered excellent " {The Studio, XXVIII, p. 145).
./Google
By Erik Lindberg are other Portrait-medals of celebrated Swedes
and historic^ medals.
LINDBERG, ADOLF (Sioed.') Contemporary Medallist and Professor
of drawing at tlie official School of Art in Stockholm; also Engraver
of medals to the King of Sweden; he studied at Paris at the
Academy of Fine Arts and was a pupil of PatiHn Tasset. His earliest
productions date from about i860.
The following medals by this talented artist have come under
my notice : Medal of the Industrial and Commercial Association of
Upsala, 1862 ; — Medal of the Stockholm Sharpshooters' Club,
1868; -— Marriage of Princess Louise of Sweden with Crown
Prince Frederick of Denmark, 1869 (3 var.); — Memorial Medal
of Queen Louise of Sweden, 1871; — Memorial Medal of King
Charles XV. of Sweden, 1S72; — Medal of the Royal Military
Academy of Sweden ; — Upsala Agricultural Show, 1875 ; ~
Medal of the Swedish Numismatic Society, with portrait of Jonas
Hallenberg, 1876 ; — Another, with portrait of Karl Johann Torn-
berg, 1878; — D' Lorenz Gabriel Branting, St, Petersburg, 1879;
— Portrait-medal of J. C. Hedlinger, the famous medallist, 1882;
— Portrait Memorial Medal of Jenny Lind, 1887 (Prize Medal of
the Royal Academy of Music at Stockholm; it is signed on "^L.
ADOLF LINDBERG) ; — Oscar IL, on the Dedication of the Masonic
Temple in Stockholm, 1876; — Christian Frederick Ewert, 1878
(semi-centennial medal dedicated by the Freemasons of Go ttenburg) ;
— Portrait of King Oscar II. ; — D*" Ewert ; — Prof. Palmstcdt ; —
M. Keder; ^- Head of Minerva, &c.
Bibliography. — Hildebrand, op. dt. — Weberi op. ci!., 48, 117. — Marvin,
op. cil.
LINDBERG, AL^RECHT (Szvcd.). Mint-master at Stockholm, 1762-
1773. His initials A. L. occur on coins of Adolph Frederick and
GustavLis III. of Sweden.
LINDELHACfi, SEBALD (Germ.). Mint-master at Sorau, 1622-1623,
in conjunction with Friedrich von Stierbitz, Johann Jakob Huser
and Johann Merchel.
Bibliography. — Erbsttin, op. ell.
. LINDENSCHMIDT, JOHANN (Germ.). Medallist and Coin-engraver,
born in 1770 at Camberg in Westerwald, died at Wiesbaden in 1819.
" He was brought up at first to be a gunsmith ", says D^ F. P.
Weber, " his father Wllhelm's trade, DUt soon found means to
educate himself in drawing, engraving, &c. and worked as a Medal-
list and Mint-engraver, first in Mayence, 1790-1808, then at Wies-
baden, 180S-1819. Wilhelm Lindenschmidt, the historical painter,
and D' Ludwig Lindenschmidt, the antiquary, were his sons ", He
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— 442 —
was higlily esteemed at Mayence, alrhougli from circumstances he
was almost limited to mere mechanical works. " He however ",
observes Bolzenthal, " executed some medals which show his ability,
especially one with his own Hkeness and that of his wife."
Lindenschmidt was " Hof-und Munzgraveur "; Mint-master at
Usingen (Nassau), 1808-1S19; and supplied dies to the mints of
Ehrenbreitstein, Darmstadt, Mayence, Arolsen, and Wiesbaden ; he
worked also for Frederick Charles Joseph, Baron von Erthal,
Bishop of Mayence; the Grand Duke of Hesse, Ludwig I.; George,
Prince of Waldeck-Pyrmont ; and the Dukes of Nassau, Frederick
Augustus, and Wilhelm.
Most of the coins engraved by Lindenschmidt are signed L. ; some
however : LINDENSCHMIDT, or I. L. Amongst these are : NASSAU.
Duke Frederick Augustus. 1808, Darmstadt 6 Kreuzer; 3 Kreuzer ;
I Kreuzer (sev. var.); Dickkreuzer; JR. Proof of the Dickkreuzer;
Conv, Thaler of Frederick Augustus of Nas
1811., by Limlenschmidt.
I Kreuzer (or Heller) (sev. var.); M. Proof of the { Kreuzer or Heller ;
~ Ehrenbreitstein, Similar currency; — 1809. N. Ducat (and
Proofs in .£); Conv. Thaler ; Conv. |Thaler; Conv. Gulden ot
Usingen; Zwanziger; Zehner; Conv. Zwanziger (20 Kreuzer);
Zehner(i2 Kreuzer); Fiinfer (6 Kreuzer); Kreuzer (sev. var.);
i Kreuzer (Heller) ; — iSto, Conv. Thaler; 3 Kreuzer; Kreuzer;
Heller; — iSii. Conv. Thaler (illustrated) ; 3 Kreuzer; | Kreuzer ;
— 1812. Conv. Thaler; 3 Kreuzer: { Kreuzer (and ^ Proof
of same); — i8i'3. Conv. Thaler ; 3 Kreuzer ; Kreuzer ; |Kreuzev;
4Kreuzer; — 1814. Conv. Thaler; 3 Kreuzer; J Kreuzer, &c.
Duke IVilhelm. 1816. Kronenihaler ; 6 and 3 Kreuzer; — 18.17.
Kronenthaler ; 6 Kreuzer; 3 Kreuzer; r Kreuzer; - Kreuzer
(sev. var.); — 1818. Kronenthaler; Kreuzer; \ Kreuzer — 1819.
Kreuzer; { Kreuzer. — BISHOPRIC OF MAYENCE. Frederick Charles
Joseph, Baron von 'Erthal. l'794. Obsidional Conv. Thaler, 1794
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(illustrated) ; — Other currency of 1 794-1 796. — HESSE. Grand Duke
Ludwig J. 1809. Conv. Th:i!cr; — WALDECK-PYRMONT. Prince
George. i8ii.Conv.Tli.iler, &c.
Lindenschmidt's best known medals are :Opening of the navigation
on theLahn upto WeJIburg, 1810; — Abolition oi Serfdom, 1812;
— Visit of Frederick Augustus, Duke of Nassau, to the Ehrenbreit-
stein Mint, 1815;— Proclamation Medal of Duke Frederick Augus-
tus, struck at the Mint of Ehrenbreiistein, l8o8 ; — Medal of Merit,
with bust of the same Ruler; — Portrait-medal of Nicolaus Fischer
(of Thaler size), 1812; — i\iedal for Valour in the field, with bust
of Duke Frederick I. (signed LINDENSCHMIDT F.); —The Waterloo
Medal (granted to the troops of Nassau by Duke Frederick Augustus;
■ — Piarrer Zeitmann, of Frankfort-on-M., 1809, on his Jubilee ; —
Portrait-medal of the Artist himself and his wife (one of Linden-
schmidt's best productions).
"Lindenschmidt worked more as a Seal-engraver than a Medallist",
remarks D'' Weber, " His name should be familar to all antiquaries
on account of one of his sons, the late D'' Ludwig Lindenschmidt,
Hon. F. S. A., to whose untiring energy the splendid collection
illiistrative of Teutonic antiquities at Mayence owes so much".
Bibliography. —■ Julius Isenbeck, Djs Nassaatsche Mun-(vjesen, Wiesbaden,
1879. — Bokenthal, op. cit.-, p. 520. — Ad. Hess Nachf., RHmmann Sale Cata-
logue, 1893. — Dr F. P. Weber, English Medals by foreign ArtislSy pp. 48, 117.
— G. H. Lockner, Main^er MUn^lieamle des i-j. iind iS. Jahrhunderls, Berlinei:
Miinzblatter, ,1904, p. 4J3.
LINDEBMAN, HON. HEMRY RICHARD (Amer.). Director of the
Mints and Assay oiEces of the United States, 1873-1878. In 1855,
he received his first appointment as Chief Clerk of the Philadelphia
Mint, and held it until i864;in 1867, President Johnson appointed
him Director of the Mint, a post which he resigned in 1869.
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" It was D' Liiiderman who projected tlie trade dollar, solely for
commerce, and npt intended lo enter into circuktion in the United
States. It was a successful means of finding a market for the great
surplus of silver, which, he sought to send to. Oriental countries
rather than flood his own and depreciate its fickle value ". (Evans,
op. cii., p. io6.)
D' Linderman died at Washington in January 1879.
BiBLiOGKAPHY, — Georee G. Evans, Ilhislraled Hiilarv oj the Unihd Sialics
Mini, 1892.
LINDNER, ABRAHAM {Austr.). Administrator of the Mint at Hal!
(Tyrol), 1612-1613).
LINDNER, GEORG (Germ.'). Manufacturer of Decorations, Badges,
and Prize Medals for Societies, &c. ; established at Nuremberg,
since about 1890. His signature occurs also on a memorial Portrait-
medal of Prince Bismarck, 1898.
LINDNER, JOHANN M. (Germ.). Counter-manufacturer at Nurem-
berg, eighteenth century.
LINDQUIST, EDITH (Brit.). Contemporary Modeller, residing in
London. At the Royal Academy, 1901, she exhibited a medallion,
cast in bronze, representing " The Triumph of Good over Evil".
LINDSAY, P. Y. (Brit.). Mint-master at Calcutta, January to June
1824.
LINLEy, WILLIAM {Brit.). Mint-master at Madras, from February
1805 to March 1807.
LINSOLAS, ARMAND (French). Mint-master at Villeneuve-Saint-
An dr^-l^s- Avignon, 1626. He issued there Doubles and Deniers, the
dies for which were cut by Pierre Regnier.
LIOTARD DE LAMBESC, PASCAL (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Lambesc (Bouches-du-Rhone); pupil of David d'Angers.
By him are various Portrait-medallions in the style of his master.
BiBLiOGRfiPHY. ■ — Chavigiierje el Auvray, op. cil.
LIPASIUS probably for ASPASIUS. A iictitious signature on a gem,
with head of Rhea, formerly in the Wofsley Museum.
LIPHARD, or LIPHART, HANS (Germ.). Mint-masterat Erfurt, 1592-
1599. Schlickeysen-Pallmann suggest that he may have acted in the
same capacity at Gottingeu, 1601-1606, but this is rather doubtful.
LIPOVSKY, MARTIN CARL (Bohem.). Mint-engraver at Prague,
1718-1726, and probably until after 1731, although Fiala mentions
only the former dates.
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He cut dies for the Bohemian Half Kreuzers of 1728, Grosclien
and Kreuzers of 173 1 ; also | Ducats, Thalers, Half Tlialers, and
Groschen of 1718 (with bust of Charles Yl.),eic.
Bibliography. — Fiala, .Bsschrdhmig', &c. — Katalog .der Mm^en, &c.
LIPPI, FILIPPINO (/(a/.). Florentine Painter (1460-15.04); son ot
FraFilippo Lippi; he is presumed to have been a pupil of Botticelli.
His earhest known work is the "Vision ofSt. Bernara"in Florence,
wXiA ,
atid he executed various works in Bologna, Genoa and Rome ;
painted frescoes and altar-pieces, and scenes in the lives of St. Peter
and St. Paul.
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Friedlander has suggested him as the author of some medals of
Lucrezia Borgiaj which are however undoubtedly the work of Gian
Cristoforo Romano, (j. v.')
LIPP, HANNS {Germ.). Mint-master at Thorn, circ. 1629-1650.
Vide Ammon, op. cit., n° 381. Schlikeysen-Pallmann call him
LIPPE and give his date as 1629-1630.
LIPPI, MAGNO (Ital.). Mint-master at Parma, 1618.
LIPPOMANO, ZUANO (Ital.). Mint-overseer at Cattaro, 1592-1594,
LIRSCH, BALTHAZAR (Germ.). Probably a Mint-official at Breslau,
arc. r6i8. The initials B L on a 24 Kreuzer piece of that mint and
date may stand for his name. He appears to have been implicated
in ihc proceedings against Burchard Hase for fraud in connection
with the working of the mint.
BiBLioGRAPHV. — Friedensburg, f/>. «/.■ — SchJesieus Vorseit &C.VII.
LISOLA, FRANZ (BARON VOW) (Germ.). The last contractor of the
Breslau Mint, 1663-1665. Coins of the respective values of 15, 6,
and 3 Kreuzers were issued by him and bear his initials F B L
or F B D L (Franciscus Baro De Lisola).
RiBJ-iOGRAPHV. — Friedensburg, SchUsieiis neuere Miinigeschichle.
LISLE, ANDRfi DE (FrcMi:/)). Goldsmith of Lyons, 1538-1549, who
was working as Die-cutter at the Mint there in 1538-1541 ; later,
1 541-1549, he filled the post of Mint-master (Garde de la Monnaie)
at Grenoble.
He usually signed himself : Andre de lysle.
BiBLlOGRAFHV. — N, Rondot, Les Graveiirs de Lyon.
LIU CH'E (Chin.). B.C. 156-87. Son of Liu Ch'i, whom he
succeeded in 140 as sixth Sovereign of the Han dynasty. In 136
copper coins were cast, the forerunners of the present Cash.
LIUNG, T. (Swed.). A Prize Medal of the Royal Historical and
Archaeological Society of Sweden, with bust of King Charles XIV.
JohOj 1826, bears this signature, which is probably that of a Die-
sinker.
LJUNGBERGER, GUSTAV (Swed.). Medallist of the second half of
the eighteenth century, born circ. 1740, who worked at Stockholm,
1765-1801- On the death of Fehrman in 1780, he was appointed
Court-medallist. His talent found recognition from the Academies
of Florence, Bologna, Vienna, and Copenhagen which received
him as a member, and the King of Sweden (Gustavus III.) invested
him with the Order of Wasa.
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Among this artist's best known productions are the following
medals : Medal of the Lodge " Hintracht", of Stralsund, commem-
orating the Convocation in that Lodge of Swedish Masons, at the
close of the Seven Years' War, and presented to those who attended
(2 var. of 1762) ; — Another, issued by the officers and members
of a Swedish Army Lodge, when in Stralsund, during the Seven
Years' War (2 var. of 1757); — Badge of honour for wounded
soldiers in a Swedish Army Lodge, during the Seven years' War
[All these medals were cut by Ljungberger at Stralsund, the capital
of Pomerania, which at that time was Swedish territory] ; ~
Prince Charles of Sweden, 1788 (medal struck at Stockholm By the
Grand Land Lodge for presentation to the Grand Duke); — Jubilee
of the Bank of Stockholm, 1768 ; — Jacob Albrecht, Baron von
Lantingshausen, Lieutenant General of Stockholm, 1770; — Prize
Medal of the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences, with bust of
Jon. Alstromer (illustrated); — Prince Charles of Hesse, Protector
of the four united Lodges of Hamburg (signed : G. L.) ; — Adolphus
Medal of the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences.
Frederick, King of Sweden, on his Abdication, 15. December 1768;
— The King's gratitude for the festivities given in his honour,
1769; — King Adolphus Frederick and Queen Louisa Ulricas
Silver Wedding, 1769; — Crown Prince Gustavus, 1770; — Deah
of King Adolphus Frederick, and Burial, 1771 ; — Stockholm Fre
Insurance Company; — Death of Queen Louisa Ulrica, and Bural,
1782; — 16"' Anniversary of Crown Prince Gnstavns, 24. Januars
1761; ■ — Journey of the Crown Prince to the mining districts
1768(2 var.); — Medal ot the Swedish Royal Academy of Science
(Gustavus IIL), 1771 ; —The King's encouragement to thespeaker
of the nobility and commons at the Royal Diet, 1771; — Insti-
tution of the Order of Wasa on the occasion of King Gustavus IH.'s
Coronation, 1772; — ■ Coronation oi Gustavus III. at Stockholm,
1772 (sev. var.) , — The King presenting a new Constitution for
the adoption of the Diet, 1772 ; — Institution of voluntary
Workhouses in Stockholm, 1773 ; — The King grants the Liberty
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of the Press, 1774 ; — The Groenknd Company instituted for the
promotion of Whalefishery, etc., 1774 ; — Statue of Gustavus I,
erected at Stockholm, 1774; — Duke Charles of Sodermanland's
marriage with Princess Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte ot Holstein-
Gottorp, 7. July 1774 ; — Finland's new superior Courts of Justice,
1775 ; ^~ '^^^ J^ing visits the Royal Bank of Stockholm, 27. May
jyyy; — Sportiiig aod Athletic F^te at Stockholm, May and June
1777 ; ~~ Increase of official wages by ordinance of 24. June 1778 ;
— The King's reguktion for a new national Uniform, 1778; —
Restoration of Gustavus II. Adolphus' Order of Knights, 1778; —
Birth of the Crown Prince Gustavus Adolphus, i. November 1778 ;
— Christening of the Crown Prince, 10. November 1778 (2 var.);
Medal of Honour granted by the King to the representatives of
the Diet present at the Christening; — Religious Tolerance in
Sweden, 1779 ; ~- The security of Swedish Trade vindicated.
Cnrlstrona, 4. Jnnc 1779; — Various jetons; — Birth of the Duke
of Smaland, Charles Gustavus, 25. August 1782; — Another, on
the same event ^L. FOECVNDITAS II ; — The King's care con-
cerning Swedish commerce; — Portrait-medal of Voltaire, 1786;
— Progress of the Crown Prince Gustavus Adolphus' studies, 1786;
— Prize Medals for Agricuhure (2 var.); — Prize Medal ot the
Academy of Painting and Sculpture, 1780; — Orlogsmanna
Sallskapet, 1771 (2 var.); — Royal Patriotic Association (2 var.^;
Association " Pro Patria", 1774; — Coronation of Queen Sophia
Magdalena at Stockholm, 29. May 1772; — The Crown Prince
Gustavus Adolphus as Chancellor of Upsala University, 1785 ; —
Marriage of Duke Charles with Princess Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte
of Holstetn-Gottorp, at Stockholm, 7. July 1774; — Jeton of
H.R.H the Duchess of Sudermania ; —Death and Burial of Queen
Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte, 1818 ; ^Linnaeus(2 var.) ; — . JO.
isdo/Googk
— 449 —
Bergman, Upsala, 1784 .ind 1785 (2 var.); — D' Johan Heovik
Liden,Upsala, 1781; — D'' Nils Rosen of Roseiistein, Stockliolm;
— D'' Daniel Girl Solander; — D' Olof Acre!, Stockholm; —
M"= Clairon (illustrated), etc.
Bibliography. — Hildebrand, Sveriges och Svenska Kammgalnisets Mhtnes-
penningar, etc., Stockholm, 1875. — Thomsen Catalogue. — Marvin, Masonic
Medals, 1880. — Bohenthal, op. cit. — Nagler, MonogrammisUn, 1881. —
Informatian kindly supplied by D< Storer.
LIVENS or LIEVENS JAN (Dutch). Painter and Engraver, born at
Leyden in 1-607, ^^^^ ^^ Antwerp in 1663. He came to England
in 1630, and executed paintings of Charles I. and Henrietta Maria.
A Portrait-medal of the famous Dutch Admiral, Martin Tromp,
byDericvan Rijswick, bears on obv. a second signature : I. L. DEL.,
which is generally interpreted in Jan Livens detineavit.
BmuOGuAPHV. — Franks & Grueber, op. cil.
LIVINGSTOXIN, ALEXANDER (Brit.). Mint-master In Scotland, in
con)unction with Thomas Tod, 1476-1488. under James III. Their
initials T and L occur on Groats of Be™ck, Edinburgh, and Aber-
deen (sometimes T— A or T — W erroneously).
Livingstoun and Tod are mentioned In the records as the King's
Coiners,
BiBLlooRAPHV. — H. A. Gruebcr, (jji. cil. — Burns, up. di. — Cochran-Patrick,
Records of the Coinage of Scotland, iBjb.
LIVINEITJS REGDLUS (Rom.). Mint-master (Qmtmrvir monetalis)
at Rome, circ. B.C. 43-42.
LIVINEIUS REGULUS, L, Regulus Taunts Pukher (Rom.) Mint-
master (Triumvir monetalis') at Rome, circ. B.C. 9-4.
L. FoRRER. — BieirKphical UiaUis of MuhSiai. — m. i,
,stsd by Google
LIVIO, DOMINIQUE IGSACE (French). Director of the Mint at
Strassburg, 1825-1834; special mark, a beaver.
LIV0RWE3E, IL FiWe HIERONYMO ROSSI of Livorno. Gem-engraver
of the eighteenth century,
LIXIGNOLO, GIACOMO (ltd.). MedalUst of the third quarter of the
fifteenth century, whose signature occurs on a medal, dated 1460,
of Borso d'Este, first Duke of Ferrara(i4i3-i45o-l- 147 1). On obv.
is a bust of the Duke tor. ^. OPVS.IACOBVS.LIXIGNOLO.
MCCCCLX, Unicorn beside a stream in mountainous landscape,
over which the sun is shining. Diam : 83 mill.
Heiss mentions that a painter of the name oi Jacobus de Lusciuiis
was residing at Parma in 1471 but that it is not possible to identify
him with the medallist. " In the Commentario to Vol. IV of Va-
sari, ed. of 1848, he is twice reterred to (pp. 157, note 3, and 174)
but no details of his life are given". (Keary, op. cit , p q)
A similar medal was executed by Petrecini (q. v )
Bibliography. — Arm^iid, op. cU. — A. Heiss, Giacomo Ltxignoio 1S8} —
Keary, A Guide lo the ExbibUimi of Italian Medals at the British Mtiieutii 189} —
Friedliinder, op. cit. — Bolzentlial, op. cit. — Revue beige de immumattqtie, 1884,
p. 9.
L. i. (French). Signature of an Engraver, who cut medals ot the
Louis XIV, series, dated 1680-1688.
L. K. Vide LUflWIG KRUG. Goldsmith and Medallist of Nurem-
berg ; died in 1532.
L. L. F^/rfe LOUIS LOIR. McdaUist at Paris, arc. 1663-1719.
L. L. Vide lUDOVICO LEONI. Medallist at Rome, circ. 1575.
L. L. P. Probably the signature of LUDOVICO LEONE PADOVANO
(q. V.) A medal on the Jubilee of 1575, with bus: of Pope Greg-
ory XIII. m. IVSTI.INTRABVNT.PER.EAM. The Holy Gate,
is signed : L.L.P. AN.DNI.MDLXXV.
LLACH, FRANCOIS (French). Mint-engraver at Perpignan, 1774-
1781.
L. M. Fide LIBORIUS MDLLER. Mint-master at Berlin, 1620-16^2.
L. M. Vide LORENZO MARCELLO, Mint-overseer at Veiiice, 1709.
L. M, or L, M. F. Vide LUIGI MANFREDINI. 1771-1840. Medallist
at Milan.
L. M. II Vide LODOVICO MOROSINO 11. Mint-overseer at Venice,
,stsd by Google
„ 451 —
L. M, r. Fide L. MAINERT. Medallist at Warsaw, 1845.
L. M. V. or L, M. W. Vide LORENZ MARIA WEBER. Medallist at
Florence, 1720-1757.
L. N. Vide LUDWIG WETJ. Die-cutter in Saxony, circ. 1550.
L.N. r;W^ LEVINS HUMMERS. Mint-master at Narva, 1670-1672.
L. N. or L. N. F. Vide LORENZ WATTEB. 1705-1775. Gem-engraver
and Medallist, born at Biberach, died at St. Petersburg; worked in
Germany, Italy, England and Russia.
L.N. or LN. F. Fide LUDWIG NEIFAHRER. German Medallist, nVi:.
1537-1560. Also L'N; LV.NE. ; or LVDNEIFA.
BiBLloGRftPHY. — SchlkkeysCH-Pallraann, op, cit.
L : NF (Jtal.). Presumably the signature of an artist who was
working circ. 1550. It occurs on a Portrait-medal of Giaiibattista
Pisani, representing on T^. Milo of Croton. Another medal of the
same personaae with ^. INOPEM , ME . COPIA . FECIT Tree
laden with fruit, although unsigned, may be by the same artist.
Milanesi suggests the following interpretation of the letters
L : NF = LUDOVICTJS HICfllNOS FECIT. Luigi Anichini {Fide, vol.1,
p. 58) was a famous Ferrarese Gem-engraver, who was flourishing
at Venice, arc. 1550.
In my opinion the author of this medal is Ludwig Neifahrer,
who signet! also L : NF.
BiDLioGHAPHY, — Arniand, op. c'd.
LOBENICH, EDUARD (Germ.). Ivory-carver at Nuremberg, circ.
1588 ; later at Dresden. By him are various Portrait-medaUions.
LOBKOWIC, JOHANN DER JUNGERE VON (Bohem.). Mint-master-
general for Bohemia, circ. 1551.
LOBKOWITZ, ULRICH or UDALRICH ADAM POPPL (Bohem.). Mint-
master-general for Bohemia, circ. 1636-1646.
BiBLioGRAjJHV. — Fiala, op. cit.
LOBSINGER, HANS (Germ.). Founder, Gem-engraver, and Worker
in metal and bone-stone, who worked at Nuremberg, circ. 1530-
1570. He was born in 1510 and died about 1570.
Doppelmayr, speaking of Hans Lobsinger, says that he was
skilled in many things, and showed much talent in modelling and
casting in metal, wax and plaster, and in cutting precious stones,
and it is therefore probable that a place in the circle of artists
belongs to him. However, the medal which is shown as his work,
having his portrait at the age oi 25, and which is dated 1539, does not
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— 452 —
quite merit this eulogium. li on the contrary we could ascribe to
him with certainty a medal having the portrait of Lorenz Stayber
of Nuremberg, and his wife, of the year 1535, and signed by the
author L, then Doppelmayr's praise would fall far short of its merit,
to such a pitch of perfection is this medal brought," (Bolzenthal,
op. cit-, p. 127.)
Vide •Li» suprd.
B1BL10GBAPHI . — Doppclmayr, Historischc Nachrichtm von den fiiirnbergiscljm
Malhematicis will Kiiiistlern, NCirnberg, 1730. — Nagler, Kilmlkr-Lcxlkon.
LOCH, CHRISTOPH (Germ.). Goldsmith and Burger of Hall in
Tyrol, presented in 1560 a medal to the Emperor Ferdinand I. (as
a token of his ability as an Engraver) and was paid 5 Gulden for
his expenses and return journey from Vienna.
Before 1550, we find his name in official documents, as Assist-
ant-engraver to the elder Ursenthaler at the Mint of Hall. He later
applied for the office of Master of the Mint, but apparently he was
unsuccessful.
His medal of Ferdinand I. is still unknown.
LOCHEE, JOHN CHARLES (Brit.). Gem-engraver and Modeller of
the second half of the eighteenth century. A number of Tassie's
medallions in enamel paste were taken from models by this artist,
thus : Edmund Burke, 1797; ~ Major Henniker, 1789 (signed :
LOCHEE F.) ; — Princesse de Lambalie, 1792 ; — Frederick, Duke
of York and Albany; — The Prince of Wales (George IV.); —
Prince William Henry (2 var .) ; — George Barret, English painter ; —
Count O'Kelly; — The Chevalier Pinto, Portuguese Ambassador;
— Portrait of a Lady, &c.
BoiLiOGRAPHV, — J. M. Gray, James and fFitUam Tasne, Edinbui^h, 1884. ^-
Raspe, Tassie's Gsms, 1791.
LODE, GOSTAV (Dan.). MedalUst of the first half of the eighteenth
century, who was working at Copenhagen.
LODER, FRANZ (Aiistr.). Contemporary Medallist of Vienna.
1 have seen by him : Uniface commemorative Plaquette of the
Jubilee Rifle Meeting at Dobling, 1898 ; — Badge of Honour for
"Kapselgewehrmeisterschutzen", Vienna, 1S98; — Uniface Rifle
Meetmg Plaquette "FestScheibe Kaiser", 1898, &c.
LODER, RODERT (Brit.). Published in 1796 a token with the bust
and arms of Thomas Seckford. According to Med. III., he lived at
Woodbridge in Suffolk (Med. III., I. p. 144 ; — Pye, Provincial
Tokens, pi. xux, 4).
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— 4 53 —
LODOWIC (LODEWICK, or LOWYS), JOHN (Bril.). Mint-master at
London and Calais, latter portion of King Heniy IV. 's reign and
first two years of Henry V. ; again, anni 5-7 of Henry V. (Circ.
1411-1415 and 1418-1420).
Bibliography. — Ruding, op. cit.
LODOVICO DA FOLIGNO {Vide vol. II, p. 1 18). Von Fabriczy
makes the following comment on Armand and Heiss's attribution
to this artist of the medals of Pietro and Giovanni de' Medici.
"Beide Medaillen sind wahrscheinlich, wie auch die Cosimos,
iiber Auftrag Piero Medicis entstanden, und zwar zwischen 1465
und 1469. Auf das Zeugnis eines Schreibens hin, das der seit 145 1
in Ferrara thiitige Goldschmied und Medailleur Lodovico da Foli-
gno im juni 1471 an Lorenzo de' Medici richtete, hat Armand und
nach ihm Heiss geglaubt, sie diesem zuschreiben zu soUen. Uns
scheint der Brief gerade das Gegenteil zu besagen. Obwohl er
namlich die Sendung einer Denkmunze der Herzogin Bona von
Mailand begleitete, und somit fast selbstverstandJich dazu auffor-
derte, die Medaillen von Lorenzos Vater und Oheim zu erwahnen,
wenn Lodovico solche friiher ausgefiihrt hiitte, so spriclit der
Meister darin nur " von der Liebe, die er srets fiir seine HerrUch-
keit den edlen Herrn Piero de Cosimo gehegt habe ", sowie auch
von dem dringenden Wunsche, Lorenzo zu sehen (der Ausdruck
kann auch als "kennen zu lernen" gedeuret werden, womit dann
bewiesen ware, dass Lodovico in den Jahren 1465-1469 nicht in
Florenz gewesen sei). Leider ist uns keine der urkundlich bezeug-
teii Denkmunzen des Kunstlers (auf Galeazzo Maria Sforza ') und
seine Gemahlin Bona, auf Lionello und Sigismondo d'Este) erhalten
geblieben und somit der stilistische Vergleich derselben mit den beiden
Medicistucken versagt. Aber diese scheinen uns denn doch in
ihrem strengen, die HSsslichkeit der Darge&teilten in nichts beschon-
igenden oder mildernden Realismus vie! eher auf Florenz als auf
die um jene Zeit in ihrem Charakter weichere ferraresische Medail-
listik zu weisen, Sollten wir aber fiir sie einen Amor nennen, so
t. Oder soUttn wit in dem grossen (Diam. ; cm.) 1470 darierten gepragten
Medallion mit dem behelmtea Sforialowen auf dem Revers eine dieser Arbeilen
vor uns haben? Friedlaader hat sie Taf. XXXVI, 11 unterdenvonilim dem Cara-
dosso zugeteilten Munzen und Medaillen abgebildet.
Nun ist es aber kaum glaublich, dass man dem erst Aclitzehnjabrigen eine so
bedeutende Arbeit sollte anvertraut haben fer ist friihesrens 1452, nicht wie
Friediandec will, schon 1445 geboven). Auch will sie stilistisch gar nicht zu Cara-
dossos b^laubigteti Pragungen stimmcn. M:in knnt davon nur Silberexemplare,
und Lodovico sagt ja in seinem Briefe, er bilde sie in Sllber. Die um ein lahr
verspatete Datlerung kOnnte ein Versehen des Kunstlers sein ; oder aber-walir-
scheinlicher-hatte er das Wachsmodell, das er in seinem Schreiben erwalint, schon
das Jahr zuvor in Mailand gemacht und darnach die Medaille auch datiert.
.i,d=, Google
ware es vor alien, audi deo anonymen Florentinern, am ehesten :
Niccolo Fiorentino. " (C. von Fabriczy, Medailhn der italieniscbm
'Renaissance, p. 55 sqq.)
LOEFFLEB, FERDINAND (Austr.). Mint-master at Hall in Tyrol,
1601-1602.
LOEFFLER, HANS (Germ.'). Goldsmith, Die-cutter, nnd Assayer,
at Munich, 1507.
LOEFKOWITS, A. (Austr.). Publisher of a Medal of the Emperor
Francis Joseph of Austria, on his Visit to Debreczin, September
1890, the dies for which were cut at Vienna.
LOEHR, FRANZ (Atistr.). Contemporary Sculptor, who at the
Salon of 1904, exhibited various Plaquetres and Portrait-medallions :
M""^ D***; — Male head; — Head of a young Woman; — 1905.
M. G***; — M. Gr*"* ; — Portrait ofa child, &c.
LOEHR, HEINRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Quedlinburg, 1617-
1 6 19. His issues are tisually signed H.L. or Hi (in monog.); amongst
these the broad . Q.uedlinburg Schauthaler of Princess Dorothea,
1617, &c.
LOEHR, PETER (Germ.) of Goslar, Mint-master at Paderborn,
1655-1658; Gottingen, 1659-1663; Bikkeburg, 1660; Episcopal
Mint DfHildesiieim, 1663-1665 ; Nordheim, 1665-1671 ; 1675-1676
Mint-master of the " Heken" Mint of Count Gustavus von Sayn-
Wittgenstein at Catlenburg; and 1676-1679 at Ellrich.
I have come across Peter Loehr's initials on a Thaler ofPhilip,
Count ofSchaumburg-Lippe, 1660.
LOEHRER, JOHANN (Germ.). Episcopal Mint-master at DilUngen-
Augsburg; Mint-warden at Augsburg, 1621.
LOESER (Germ.). Die-sinker of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, whose
signature occurs on a "Dobberau" medal, described by D' Storer.
LOEWENBACH. J. W. (Germ.). Die-sinker, Seal-engraver, &c. at
Munich circ. 1824-1860. I have noticed his signature on the two
following medals : Unveiling of the "Bavaria", 1850 ; —Seventh
centenary of Munich, 1857.
LOGAN, JOHN (Brit.). Gcm-engraver of the eighteenth century,
who resided at Dublin. There is a cameo-portrait by him of D' Henry
Quin, Professor of Physic in the Dublin School of Physic from
1749 to 1786, taken from the medal by Mossop, and reproduced in
Tassie's enamel paste; also Portrait-gems of D"' Lucas, the celebrat-
,/ Google
ed patriot of Ireland ; — Portraits of Matrons, in the taste ot the
present age ; — Head of Alexander the Great, white carneHan, &c.
LOGGAN, DAVID {Germ.'). Engraver, born at Danzig about 1630;
died in London in 1693. He was a pupil of Simon Passe and executed
Medallions in the style of his master.
LOHE, CHRISTIAN VOK (^Germ.). A native of Giistrow or Hamburg ;
Mint-warden at Oels, 1694-1717; appointed Assayer at the Bres-
lau Mint in 1723, but dismissed some time after for unfortunate
operations.
Bibliogr;\phy. — Friedensburg, op. cit.
LOHMANN (G^cfw.). Born in 1752; 1779 Warden, 1782 First
Warden, and 1793 Master of the Breslau Mint; died in 1795.
Bibliography. — Friedcnsburg, ap. cit.
. lOHSE MARTEN HENDRIK {Dutch). Mint-master for Guelders,
1782-1794; special mark, ear of corn.
LOIR, LOUIS {French). Medallist and Jcton-engraver, circ- 1663-
1719. He took in 1675 the title of Goldsmith anAEngraver to the
King. I have seen his signature on a commemorative medal, of the
Capture of Maestrichl by the French, 1673, signed .L. LOIR
{illustrated). Numerous jetons bear his initials : L.L.
r Ma(;stucht bv ihe Flench,
LOISEAU-BAILLY, GEORGES {French). Contemporary Sculptor, and
Medallist, born at Sauvigny-le-Bois (Yonne); pupil of A, Dumont.
o,Goo(^[c
— 456 —
By him are various Portrait-medallions, winuli have been exhibited
at the Paris Salons, since 1879. At the 'Exposition Universellc' of
1900, be obtained a Gold Medal for a series of MedalUons. His stud-
ies of children, busts and medallions, are very fine; also his
bronzes, decorative works in tin, terra-cotta, &c. Salon of 1901.
Six medallions in clay, terra-cotta, &c. ; — 1902. Three Bas-reliefs,
and a Portrait-medallion; — 1903. Plaquettes, representing the
Forges of Gu^rigny (Ni^vre) ; i. Lamineur-cingleur. 2. Chalmers;
— Portrait-medallion of M. Berdin; — 1904. Eight Plaquettes :
Blacksmiths, Harvesters, &c. ; — M""^ X***.
By him are also: 1892. jersey Girl; — Florentine Lady; —
Roman Lady ; — 1897. A. Jacquin; — The Model; — A Natural-
ist; — 1899. W' M. G***; — Gautherin ; - M"-^ G. T***; — La
pri^re; — Souvenir d'Avallon; — Mon fils; — Nenuphar; — 1906.
Forgerons; — Courses p^destres; — Allegory; — Society des
sciences of Yonne; ■ — M. M.; — Le Depart, ike.
Bibliography. — Information kindly supplied by tlie Artist. — Catalogues ilu
Salon, 1900-1904,
LOISEAU-ROUSSEAU, PAUL (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Paris; pupil ofBarreau. At the Salon of 1894 he exhibited
Portrait-plaquettes of M""^' R***; — M. L***;' — 1897. H. Labeyrie.
LOISON, PIERRE (French). Sculptor of the nineteenth century,
born at Mer (Loir-et-Cher), 5 . July 1 8 1 6 ; pupil of David d' Angers ;
entered the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, 30. March 1842. At various times,
this artist exhibited Ponrait-medallions at the Paris Salons, amon g
which are : M"^ Andrfe Rivet; — M. Sallandrouze de Laraornaix ;
■ — Alphonse Duchalais; — Paui Moreau, &c.
BiBUOGRAPiiY. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cil.
LOISY, CLAUDE JOSEPH DE (French). Goldsmith of Bcsancon ; son
of Pierre de Loisy; born 27. April 1644 and died 9. June 1717.
He was Mint-engraver at Besangon, 1673-1694, and issued many
Jetons.
LOIST, JEAN PIERRE DE (French). Goldsmith, Line-engraver, and
Jeton-engraver of the first half of the seventeenth century at
Besancon, cm. 1601--I-1659. He was for some time Mint-master and
Engraver there, 1637-1659, and obtained from the Government
the exclusive privilege of engraving and selling medals.
LOISY, JEAN PIERRE DE (French). Goldsmith of Besancon, Line-
engraver, Medallist and Jeton-engraver. Son of the last and his
pupil; he was born at Besancon 20. September 1619; Engraver at
the Mint there, 12. April 1666. in succession to Claude Poux,
,/ Google
— 457 —
until 1667. By him are some fine engravings, and lie also worked
as a Medallist and Seal-engraver, and shared his father's " Privilege
de frapper et de vendre des miidailles dans I'etendue de la juridiction
bisontine. ". His best engravings are : Portrait of Philip IV., King
of Spain; — Estat de liUustre Confr^rie de Saint-Georges en la
France; — Series of Religious Subjects, in the style of Wiericx, &c.
By Pierre de Loisy are the Jetons of Governors of Besan^jon, 1665-
1669. In 1664-65 Pierre de Loisy engraved the " Pieces de circon-
stance "commemorating the rennion of Besan^on to Franche-Comte.
A Porrrait-medal of Leopold L on his election in 1658 is also by
him.
BiBLIOGKAPHY. — ■ Chavignerie et Auvray, ap. cit. — N. Rondot et H. de la
Toi=r, op. cit.
LOLETTI Qtal.). Gem-engraver of the second half of the eighteenth
century. By him is a bust of Lucius Verus, engraved on an aqua-
marine.
LOMAZZr, GIOVANNI (ltd.). Die-sinker of the nineteenth century.
His signature occurs on a Portrait-medal of Volta.
LOMBARD, HEMRY fiOOUARD {French). Sculptor, born at Mar-
seille; pupil of Cavclier. At the Salon of 1879 he exhibited a
Portralt-mcdallionof M""^ A. R*** in terra-cotta.
LOMBARDI, ALFONSO CITADELLA, surnamed ALFONSO (Ital.').
A Ferrarese Sculptor and Medallist of the first three decades of the
sixteenth century; he died in 1537. The medals, described below,
which are ascribed to this artist, are still unknown. " Their attribu-
tion to Alfonso Lombardi", says Armand, "rests on documents
which M. G. Milanesi has been kind enough to indicate to me".
The most important of these are two letters addressed by Alfonso
to the Duke of Mantua, Federigo II. Gonzaga. One, dated 6. May
1536, informs us that he had executed a medal of Pope Paul III.;
from the other we gather that he cut the medals of Molza, Antonio
Tebaldeo, and Cardinal Hippolytus de' Medici; and in commission
for the same cardinal Alfonso would appear to have made the medal
of Giulia Gonzaga (widow of Vespasiano Colonna).
The only known extant medallic work of Lombardi is a Portrait-
medal of the Milanese architect Andrea Tectori, ^L. CAXA.DE.
CONCESA. A fortified bridge, which is signed : ALFONSUS.
LOMB. F.
Bibliography. — Armand, op. cit., I, p. 129 ; III, p. 52. — Bkiichet, op. cit.
LOMBARDI, ANTONIO iltal.). Sculptor, who worked at Venice and
Ferrara, i^(,2-i'^iG. D' Bode describes two statuettes by him, and
a large Bronze Relief representing Christ holding orb.
BiBLioGRAPiiY. — Bode, Dii italkmschcn Eroiiicn, Berlin, 1904.
.i,d=, Google
- 4SB -
LOMBARDI, TOLLIO (lial.). Sculptor, who worked lU Vienna,
circ. 1460-15 32. By him is a Female bust in bronze (Bevlin Museum;
Wallace Collection , London) , In his art and that of An tonio Lombard!
are Bronze Reliefs : The Risen One; 152x95 mill.; — Ecce
Homo;2SoX225 mill; — St. Hieronymus; 270x230 mill.
LOMBARDO, GABRIELE {Ital.'). Mint-Overseer at Venice, circ.
1565.
LOMBARDUS, TINO (Austr.). Moneyer at Prague, chr. 1300.
LOMELLINO, GIACCOMO (Ital.). Mint-Overseer at Genoa, circ.
1572.
LOMELLINO, GIAN (IlaL). Mint-overseer at Genoa, circ. 1626.
LON, FRANZ ANTON VAN (Dutch.). Mint-engraver at Cologne,
1727, Treves, 1757, and Bamberg-Wilrzhurg, 1763, 1764. He was
a Line-engraver, and worked in turn at Cologne, Bonn and Ehren-
breitstein, 1727-1764. The coins he engraved for the Bishop of
Wurzburg, Adam Frederick, Count Seinsheim, are signed L, or
V. LON, A Cologne Thaler of 1727, and a Mining Gulden of 1757,
of Treves (John Philip, Baron von WalderdorfF), also a Thaler ot
1762, are all signed : V. LON.
:'(., 11, 711. — Amnion, op. cit., n° aii. —
LONGACBE, JAMES B. (Amer.). Mint-engraver at Philadelphia, Sep-
tember 6, 1 844 to 3 1 December 1868. He was born on August 1 1, 1 794,
in Delaware Co., Pa., and served an apprenticeship as a Line-engrav-
er with George Murray, Philadelphia, doing some high-class plate-
work before he was free, in 1819. He was one of the originators
of the National Portrait Gallery of distinguished Americans, the first
volume of which appeared in 1834. Longacre drew from life and
en^^raved many of the portraits entire. — ■ Like his predecessors, he
died in office, on January i, 1869. During his term Longacre was
variously assisted by P. F. Cross, William Barber, Anthony
C. Paquet, and William H. Key. The changes and additions during
the Longacre term were numerous and important, both as to alloys
and denominations. The pattern pieces also record various experi-
ments in the art of coining. (Evans, Illustrated History of the United
Stales Mint, p. 127).
Longacre's signature occurs on the I^. of a medal of Captain
Ingraham, the obv. of which is by P. F. Cross.
BiDLiOGRflPHY. — Evans, op. cit. — Snowdcn, The Medals of Washington,
I86r,
LONGEPIED, GEORGES (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Paris. At the Salon of 1886 he exhibited a Portrait-medallion.
ogle
— 459 —
LONGERICH, ADAM (Germ.). Minr-master at BurgFriedberg in der
Wetterau, 1674- 1676; Coblence, 1 678-1 683 ; appointed at Mayence,
4. June 1683, where he was succeeded in 1684 byUlrich Burkhard
Wjllerding,
BiBLiOGiiAPHY. — ■ Lockner, Main^cr Miin^^kainle des i-j, nnd 18. Jahrhmdetls.
LONGERICH, CASPAR (Germ.). Mint-master at Treves, 1683-
1693.
LONGERICH, JOHAKN (Germ.). Mint-master at Sayn, Mulilheim-
on-Rliine, Dortmund and Miinster, 1664-1680,
LONGERICH, JOHANK ADAM (Germ.). Mint-master at Cologne,
1700; Dortmund, 1700-1705; Diisseldorf, 1707-1708, According to
Sclilickeysen-Pallmann the initials I. A, L, on a Gimborn 5 Ducat
piece of 1696 (which bears reference to Prince Ferdinand von
Schwarzenberg) may stand for tliis Mint-master's name.
LONGERICH, JOSEPH (Germ.). Mint-master and Engraver at
Treves, 1690. His initial L, occurs on an undated Double Thaler
of the Archbishop Johann Hugo von Orsbeck; and a medal with
bust of the Prelate is signed I. L.
LONGERICH, MATHIAS (Germ.). Mint-ma:iter at Idsteln (Nassau),
LONGERICH, NIKOLAUS (Germ.). Mint-master at Diisseldorf,
1682-1690; later at Bonn, 1693-1694; Cologne, 1699-1700; and
in 1688 also at Dortmund and Essen. I have noticed his initials
N. L. on Julicher Double Thalers, Thalers and Gulden, &c. of
various dates of Count Palatine John William (1690- 17 16); also on
Thalers and subsidiary coinage of Joseph Clement, Archbishop of
Cologne (1680-1703).
LONGUEIL, HONORS DE (French). Grandson of the celebrated
Line-engraver, Joseph de Longueil (f 1793), was born on the
16"' February 1818 at Paris; settled in business as an Engraver,
rue Royale, 8, in 1818; retired into private life in 1861, and died
on the 31. July 18S9 at Grignon Castle, Thiais (Seine), his
nephew's residence.
By this Engraver are several medals and jetons, some of which
are signed ; DELONGDEIL F, I have come across the following :
Jetons ofthe Asphalte Works of Seyssel-Lobsann, 1839; — Hos-
pice de Gisors, 1859; — Pascal and Poussin, Prize Medal of the
Academy of Sciences, Letters and Arts of Bordeaux ; — Jean de la
Qiaintinie, Horticultural Prize Medal of Beaune, &c.
BiBLioGHAPHY. — Florange, Juloiii el MedaUks de Mines franfaisis, Paris, 1904.
,stsd by Google
— 4^" ~"
LONGUET, GERMAIN (French). General des Monnaies, circ. 1559-
1589.
LONISON or LONYSON, JOHN (Brit.). Mint-master at London,
anni 14-15 of Elizabeth, 1571-1576. Kenyon makes two references
to this Mint-master : " By an indenture of the 19''' April, 1572,
made with John Lonison, only three gold coins were to be made,
namely, Angels, Angelets, ana Quarter Angels, of the old standard
and the same weight as before, and these were to be current at
their old values of 10 s., 5 s., and 2 s &d respectively.
" Or] the 19''' December, 1578, a commission was made out,
authorizing Lonison slightly to debase the coins, making the
gold 23Cts. 3I grs, fine instead of 23 cts. 3 | grs ; and a pound
weight of gold, which had hitherto been coined into ^ 36 by tale,
was now to be coined into i 36. is. io\ d, so that the angel
would now weigh 7g^48'^^- instead of 80 grs. " In 1582-3, liowever,
by an indenture with Richard Martin, the old standard and weight
were restored, and the coinage was to be as ordered in 1572.
Lonyson was a goldsmith by profession; he died in 1583, aeiat
59, and was buried in the church of St. Vedast, alias St. Foster's
Church, in Foster Lane.
Bibliography. — Ruding, cp. cit. — Kenyon, Gold Coins of England, p. 122.
— ChLiffers, Gilda Aurijdbrcnim, p. 52.
LONZO, GIAN GIROLAMO (//«;.). Mint-overseer at Venice, 1746;
hi.s issues are signed G. G. L.
LOPEZ, MANUEL (Sphn.). Medallist of the early part of the
nineteenth century. His signature : MAN*' LOPEZ LOP^ occurs on a
Proclamation Medal of Ferdinand VJL, 1809, of Toluca.
LOPES-TEXEIBA, JOS£ JOAQUIN (Port.). Contemporary Sculptor
and Medallist, residing at Villa Nova de Gaya, where he was born;
pupil of JoufFroy. At the Paris Universal Exhibition of 1900, he
exhibited several medallic productions : Head of a young Girl ; —
Christ; — Portrait-medallions, &c.
WOV, J Mi (Dufch). MedaUist of Middleburg, second quarter of the
seventeenth century. His medals are dated between 1627 and r66o.
He received a special permission from the States General of Holland
to commemorate remarkable events by medals. Amongst his best
known medallic productions are : 1629. Taking of Bois-le-Duc
(2 var.) ; ~ 1631. Naval Engagement at Slaak (2 var.) ; — 1632.
Death of King Gustavus Adolphosof Sweden; — 1637. Takingof
Breda by Prince Frederick Henry of Orange (2 var.); — 1639.
Destruction of the Spanish Fleet by the Dutch off Dover (size;
3.5 in. ; signed : /. Loof f.; illustrated.) Another variety (signed :
./Google
I. LOOFFE.); — Other vnYieues (Calalogus , &c., n^^ 663-665); —
1647. Preliminaries of Peace with Spain (Van Loon, II, p. 306, i.);
— Golden Wedding of Hans van Loon and Anna Ruyckhavers ; —
1648. PeaceofMunster; — 1651. AdmiralMartinHarpetzzoonTromp
(diescut by D. van Rijswick);^ — 1 660. Presentation Medal of the Stale
of Zeeland to Trewleben for his raising the ship and cargo of the
wrecked vessel of Captain Waterdrinker ; — 1644. Ghent taken by
Prince Frederick Henry; — - 1645. Hulst taken by Prince Frederick
Henry, etc,
Loof signed his medals : J. L. or J. LOOFF T.
" Loof ", says Bolzenthal, " endeavoured by an excessive
length of inscriptions to make up for want of talent in the compo-
sition, as his medals prove, of the Conquest of Bois-le-Duc, Sea
Victory of Prince Frederick Henry of Orange, and Capture of Breda.
He obtained a Patent and showed great industry, "
Bibliography. —Van Loon, Hisloire nultalliqtie des XFH provinces des Pays-
Bos. — Franks & Grueber, MedalUc lUtutrations, Sk. — Calalogtis dcr Neder-
landschs en op Nederland beirekkinghebbendeGedtahpennii^en,!, 190}. -— Hildebrand,
op. cit. — Bohenthal, op. cit. — Piochart, op. nt. — Flad, Beri&mte Medailhurs,
p. 2}. — Numophylac. Burekh., P. li. ^ Kramni,Ife Levens en Werim der Iioltand-
sche en v!a<nnsche Kunstschilders, 6ic., i86}.
LOOS, DAMIEL FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Medallist and Coin-engraver,
born at Altenburg 15. January, 173S; died I. October, 1819, at
Berlin. He was a pupil of Johanii Friedrich Stieler, and in 1756
went to Prussia, became Mint-engraver at Magdeburg, 1756-1767,
and was appointed Chief-sngraver and Medallist to the Court at
Berhn in 1768. Amongst his medallic productions I may mention :
Elizabeth of York (" Souvenir Medal, engraved at the expense of a
Mr. Thane, who considered that the legal representative of the
,stsd by Google
— 4^2 —
House of York was entitled to a place by the side of her husband in
the series of English sovereigns". Mf(^. ///., I, p. 22); — Patriotic
Medal On the Alliance of Russia, Austria, Prussia and Sweden
against Napoleon I., 1813 ; — Marriage of the Crown Prince Wil-
liam Frederick of Prussia with Princess Frederica Louise Wilhel-
minaofMecklenburg-Streluz, 1793; — Capitulation of Amsterdam; — ■
Peace ofTeschen, 1779; — Death of Frederick II. the Great (1786);
— Centenary of the Medical College of BerUn, 1789 (signed D. LOOS);
— Victories of 1814; — The Duke of WelUngton; — Welling-
ton and Blucher at the Battle of Waterloo, 181 5 ; — Great Britain
and Prussia giving help 10 the Orange refugees, 1805 ; ■ — Welling-
ton and Blucher; Entry of the English and Prussians into Paris,
7"' July, 1815 ; — jubilee of Prince Leopold III. (Frederick Francis)
of Anh alt-Dessau, i8or ; — Accession of Frederick Williarq 11.,
King of Prussia, 1786; ■ — Relief of Miyence by Frederick
William II., 1793 ; — Peace of Basle, 5. April 1795 ; — New East
Prussia renders homage to Frederick William II., 1796 ; — Death
of King Frederick William II,, id. November 1797 ; — Centenary
ofthe Palatine Colony at Magdeburg, i7S9(obv. by FriedrichLoos);
, Daniel Fricdtidi Loos.
— Visit of King Fred. William III. and his Queen to Tarnowitz
in Silesia, 1798; — Retaking of Frankfort-on-M. by Prussian and
Hessian troops, 1792; — Assassination of Louis XVI., 1794 (seV.
var.) ; — Trial of Marie-Aatoinette, 1793 (sev. var.) ; — Memorial
Medal of Madame Elizabeth (sev. var.); — The Children of
Louis XVI., 1794 (sev. var.); — Death of Louis, second son oi
Louis XVI., 8. June 1795 ; — Memorial medal of the Dauphin,
Louis Charles of France, 1795 (sev. var.); — Proclamation oi
King Frederick William III. at Koenigsberg and Beriin, 1798
(illustrated) ; — Life Saving Medal, with bust of Fred. Will. III. ;
./Google
— 4^3 —
— Proclamation Medal of the annexed provinces, Hildeslieim, 1803;
— Alliance between King Fred. William III. of Prnssia and Emperor
Alexander I. of Russia, against Napoleon I., 181 3 ; — Birthday of
the Crown Princess of Prussia, 10. March 1774; — Birthday of
Queen Louise Augusta Wilhelmina Araalia of Prussia, 1798; —
Commemorative medal of the 25, June 1798; — Centenary of the
Kingdom of Prussia, 1801 ; — Return of the King and Queen of
Prussia to Berlin, 23. December 1809; — ■ Death of Queen Louise
at Hohenzieritz, 19, July i8io; — Marriage of Frederick Louis
Charles, Pritice of Prussia, with Frederika Caroline Sophie, Princess
of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 26. December 1793 ; — ■ Birthday of
Princess Sophie, 2. Marcb 1794; ■ — Battle of Roslau near Dessau,
29. September 1813 ; — Battle of Leipzig, 19. October 1813; —
Prodamalioii Medal of King Fredciii;!. '.V.. . m II,, ■ ■
Erection of a Statue to John IIL Sobiesky, King of Poland, 1789
(signed on obv. D. LOOS ond on ^L. F. LOOS); — Karl Gottlieb
Anton, jurisconsult of Gorlitz, 1801; — Karl Ludwig von Cocceji,
1.802 (3 var.); — Baron Fr. Ant. .von Heinitz; — Jubilee of the
Church of Hirschberg, in Silesia, 1S09 ; — Marriage of Constantin
Fellner, 1802; — Raising of the Blockade of r-heElbe, 1S05 ;— Gold-
en Wedding of Alexander Gontard, of Frankfort-on-Main, 1809 ;
— Commemorative Souvenir to Ladies ; — Souvenir for Faithful
Services; — Medal on Conjugal Happiness;- — Prize Medal for
Merit; — Jubilee Medal of the Foundation of the Prussian Privy
Council; — The Fischer Institute at Riga; — Prize Medal ot the
University of Gottingen; — Medal of the Royal Academy of
Sciences of Berlin ; — Visit of D'" Gall to Berlin, 1805 ; — Return
of the explorer Alexander von Humboldt to Berlin, i8p5 ; ~ Life
Saving Medal; — Small Academic Prize Medal; — Syndicus
Herrmann von Post; — Count Henry XLIX of Reuss, and his
Consort; —Von Gersdorf and D'^ Anton; — ■ Kammerpresident von
lo.tedb/ Google
— 4^4 —
Auerswald ; — Jubilee Medal of Regierungsr;it Heclit von Halber-
stadc; — Commemorative medal otthe Erection of a monument to
the skin at the Battle of Copenhagen, 1804; — Building of the
Masonic Lodge at Altenburg on the Plesse; — Immanuel Kant; —
Hamburg's Millenary Festivals; — Medal for "First Communion";
— Medal for Porters, Messengers, &c. ; — Medal to commemorate
pleasant Circumstances; — Medal to offer Good Wishes; — The
French Almshouse at Berhn ; — Surgeon Gen^^ral Gorcke ; — Raising
of the Elbe Blockade, 1805 ; — Victory of the Prussians at Kaisers-
lautern, 1793 ; - — General F. A, von Favrat, Governor of Glatz (in
conjunction with F. Loos); — Goniing von Berem; — Battle of
Gross-Gorschen ; — Battle of Gross-Beeren ; — Battle of Hanau ; —
Battle of Luchau ; — Battle of Culm ; — Battle of Katzbach ; -^
Battle of Dennewitz; — Battle of Leipzig-Belzig ; — Battle of
Leipzig; — Taking of Dresden; — Relief of Stettin, Liineburg
ana Bremen; — Victories of 18 14; — Countess von Ross, Amster-
dam, 1814; — D' Carl Asmund Rudolph! ; — D*^ Johann Goercke,
Beriin; — -D' Carl Friedrich von Kielmeyer, Stuttgart; - — D^Lorenz
Oken, Munich; — D' Christoph Heinrich Pfaff, Stuttgart, —
Medal of the Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Ham-
burg; — Recovery of Queen Louise of Prussia, 1798; — D' Bre-
mer, ot Berlin; — D' Johann David Lange, oi Lithuania, 181 1 ; —
D'' Michael Skjelderup, of Christiania ; ■ — Peace of Basle, 5. April
1795 (2 var.j; — Medal of Leopold Friedrich Franz, Duke of
Anhalt; ^DERTREUEN BURGER LIEBE, WAND DANKBAR
DIESEN KRANZ, 1808; — Field Marshal Charles Phihp of
Schwarzenberg, 1771 'f 1820; — Golden Wedding of Christian
Frederick, Count of Stolberg, and his consort AugusteEleonore, 18 18.
Many of the coins engraved by D. F. Loos ol Frederick
William IL and Ilf. are signed : L ; thus Double and Single Frede-
ricks d'or, &c., Thalers, Half Thalers and subsidiary currency, &c.,
of various dates between 1786 and 1813.
./Google
— 4^5 —
" Loos ", observes Bolzeiith^l, " was a diligent artist and was
assisted by his talented son, who, aias! too soon ended his life.
To these two artists and Abrabanison belong the merit of having,
in a time of bad taste, appHed themselves to tne study of portraiture
and ancient types. The elder Loos had made himself known by
various discoveries in the art of striking and was an inventor in
the mechanism of coining. He formed two pupils, Koenig, and
Stierle, by whom he was surpassed, especially by the latter, "
On the I. May 1816, D. F. Loos had been serving the Prussian
government for sixty years.
Bibliography. — Bohenthal, oj>. cil. — Franks & Grueber, op. dl. — D'. F. P.
Weber, English Medals by j'onign Artists. — Menadier, Sclxiummiim des Houses
HohmiolUm, 1901, — Friedensburg u. Seger, Schlesiens M&nxm und MidaiUen
der neueren Zeit, Breslau, 1901. — Paul Joseph u. Eduard Fellner, Die Mfln^ew
von Frankjurt-am-Maifi, 1896. — Nagler, op. cit. ~ Tobler-Meyer, op. cit.
LOOS, DANIEL (Germ.). Son of Gottfried Bernhard Loos, and his
successor as Director of the Loos Medallic Establishment. His name
occurs on some medals ■. DAN. LOOS SOHN IN BERLIN.
LOOS, FRIEDRICH WILHELM (Germ.). Eldest son of Daniel Fried-
rich Loos ; also a Medallist, who worked with his father at Berlin,
and did not long survive him.
^ .i .
t'riudrkh Willielm Loos.
His signature F. LOOS occurs on the following medals : D' Edward
Jenner, the discoverer of vaccination (2 var.) ; — Centenary of the
Palatine Colony at Magdeburg, 1789 (^, by D. F. Loos); ■ —
Centenary of the Kingdom of Prussia, 18. January i8or; — Prize
Medal of the Academy of Sciences, 1786; — Another, of 1797,
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— 466 —
with bust of Fred. William III. ; — Prize Medal of the University
of Gottingcn (1806) (signed : FR. LOOS); — iMarriage of Frederick,
Duke of York, with Princess Friederike ot Prussia, 1791 (signed :
F. LOOS JXJN.) ; ■ — -Marriage of William Frederick, Crown-Prince of
the Netherlands (afterwards William I.), with Princess Wilhelmina
of Prussia, i. October 179 1 (signed : F : LOOS JUK .■); — Erection
of an equestrian Statue to the memory of John III. Sobiesky, King
of Poland, 1789 (^ only) ; — Memorial Medal of Franz Andreas
von Favrat, Governor of Glatz, 1804; — Baron Fr. Anton von
Heinitz ; — Count von Bernstorf, Danish statesman, 1799; —
King Frederick William III. and his Queen ; — Count von Finken-
stein ; — Visit of the King and Queen at Tarnowitz (executed in
conjunction with D. F. Loos); — Count von Solms-Tecklenburg;
— D*^ Blumenbach, ot Gottingen; — ■ D' J, C. A. M. Theden, of
Berlin; — D" Franz Josef Gall, Vienna, 1805; — D'' Johann
Goercke, Berlin ; — Daniel Friedrich Loos (signed : DAN. LOOS SOHN
AUS DER ANSTALT) ; — Assassination of Louis X VL ; '^. PLEURSS
ET VENGfiS LEI (signed : F. L.), 1794 (4 var.); — Immanuel
Kant, 1804; — Birthday of King Frederick William IL and 550'''
Anniversary of the city of Beriin, 1787 (signed : F. LOOS). — Trial
and Execution of Marie-AnCoinette, 1793 ; — Memorial Medal of
Madame Elizabeth de France, 1794 (sev, var.) ; — The Children of
Louis XVL, 1794 (sev. var.); — Death ot Louis, second son of
Louis XVL, 8. June 1795 ; —Memorial Medalof the Dauphin, 1795
(sev. var.), &c.
Friedrich Loos engraved, in conjunction with hisfathcr,a series of
medals of tlie victims of the French Revolution.
This artist's signature is usually F.LOOS; — FR. LOOS; — LOOS FIL;
— F.L. or F. LOOS JUM.
BlliLIOGRArHY. — As uliovs.
LOOS, GOTTFRIED BERNHARD (Germ.), Second son of Daniel
F. Loos, born 6, August 1774, and died 29. July 1843; Mint-
master at Berlin, 1806-1812; General Warden to the Prussian
Mint, etc. In 1812 he opened the famous Die-sinking estabHshment
of Loos at Berlin, which produced a large number of med.ils, and
employed some of the'best German medallists, The medalltc estab-
lishment which he founded now exists as the "Berlin Medallic
Mint of L. Ostermann (5. ii.), formerly G. Loos." There are medals
with the portraits of G. Loos and his father D. F. Loos made by
C. PfeufFer and Goetze respectively,
G. Loos is the author of a work on the art of detecting forgeries.
It is not possible to enumerate all the- productions of the Loos
Works, and I shall content myself with mentioning a few of the best
knowit or more important ones : Portrait-medal of Augusta, Princess
of Liegnitz (engraved by Gube); ~ Marriage of Crown-Prince
o,Goo(^[c
— 467 —
Maximilian of Bavaria with Mary, Princess Royal of Prussia, 5 Oct.
i832(K6nig); — Marriage of Charles, Prince of Hesse, with Princess
Elizabeth of Prussia, 1836 (F. Konig); — Inauguration ot the
Railway from St. Petersburg to Paulovsk, 1837 (by Konig); —
Third Centenary of the Incorporation of Pomerania into Prussia,
1821; — Carlo Spontini; — Rebiiilding of the town of Gnesen,
burnt down in 1813, 1823 (F, Konig); — Inauguration of the
Gottfrii;d Bt:mh;u-d Loos.
, Frederick the Great Memorial at Berlin, 1851 ; — Marriage of the
Crown- Prince Frederick William of Prussia with Princess Elizabeth
Louise of Bavaria, 29. November 1823 ; — Prince Frederick
William Louis of Prussia (afterwards William I.) joins the Free-
masons and is elected Patron of the Prussian Lodges, 1840 (by
H, Lorentz) ; — Railway Congress at Breslau, 1855 ; — 25''' Anni-
versary of the Cologne " Dombauverein ", 1867; — Marriage of
Prince William (I.) with Princess Augusta of Saxony, 11. June 1829
(C. PfeufFer); — Memorial Medal of the city of Coblence of the
Marriage of the Crown-Prince William, 1829; with busts
conjoined on obv. (engraved by Bubert) ; — Entry of George IV,
into Hanover, 182 1 (engraved by C. Voigt); — Peace of Paris,
1856, after the Crimean War (W. Kullrich); — Marriage of the
Princess Royal of England with the Crown-Prince of Prussia, 1S5S
(W. Kullrich); — Richard Cobden; on his death, 1865, and Jubilee
of ihc European Peace of 181 5 (E. Weigand); — Marriage of Crown-
Prince WiUiam of Prussia, with Princess Victoria of Schleswig-
Holstein, 27. February 1881 ; — Birth of Prince William, 6. May
1882 (W. Kullrich); — Inauguration of the Gnadeiikirche at
BerUn, 1895 ; — Inauguration of the Emperor Frederick Memorial
Church at Berlin, 1895 ; — The Russian Camp at Kalisch, 1835 ;
with busts of Nicholas I. of Russia and Fred. -William III. of
Prussia; — Death of Prince Charles of Prussia, 21. January 1883 ;
>stsd by Google
— Marriage of Prince Charles of Prussia with Princess Mary oi
Saxony, 26. May 1827 (H. Gube) ; ~ Prize Medal of the Exhibirion
of Wittstock, 1885 , wirii bust of Princess Mary Anne of Prussia ;
— Marriage of Prince Frederick of the Netherlands, with Princess
Louise Augusta Wilhelmina of Prussia, 21. May 1825 ;— Marriage
of Prince Albrecht of Prussia, with Princess Marianne of the Nether-
lands, at the Hague, 14. September 1830 ; — 50 years' Jubilee of
Emanuel von Schimonski's priesthood, 1825 ; — Karl Theophil
Anton, Rector of Gorlitz, 1853 (Buberr) ; — Battle of Brienne,
1814 (Stettner); — La Belle AUiance, 1815 (busts of WeUington
and Blticher); — Prince Bliicher von Wahlstadt (sev, var,); ~
Johann von Diebitsch, Russian general, 1829 (Pfeuffer) ; — 90'''
Birthday of Field Marshal Count von Moltke, 1890 (A. Kruger);
— Robert SchaerfF, of Brieg, f 1880 (Kullrich) ; — Friedrich
Daniel Schleiermacher, theologian, 1834 (Held) ; — Centenary
of Schleiermacher, 1868 ; — Johann Steinbeck, of Breslau, 1819 ;
C.F.H,, Count von Wylich u. Lottum, of Lissa, i834(K6nig);
— Field Marshal Hans Ludwig, Count York von Wartenburg,
■|- 1830; — Commercial Employes' Institute of Breslau, 1834 (H.
Cube);— The Breslau Lodge of the Golden Sceptre, 1826 (Gube);
~- Marriage Medal of H. von Deckens, with Louise Gerhard, 1828
(Gube); — The Cholera Epidemics at Breslau, i832(C. Pfeuffer);
— Congress of Physicians at Breslau, 1833 (C. Pfeuffer) ; — Visit
of King Fred. William III. to Gorhtz, in Silesia, 1835 (F. Koenig);
— Agricultural Congress at Breslau, 1 845 ; — Society of the Twelve,
Breslau, 1846 (Schilling); — Badge of^ Riflemen ofNeisse, 1850;
— Second Centenary of the Friedenskirche at Schweidnitz, 1852 ;
— Agricultural Show at Liegnilz, 1854 ' — Meeting of Represen-
tatives of the German Railway Companies, at Breslau, 1855 ; ■ —
Riflemen's badge of Breslau, 1856 ; — 260"' Anniversary of the
Rifle Brigade of Oels, i860 ; — Rebuilding of the Town Hall of
Frankenstein, Silesia, 1861 ; — 50''' Anniversary ot the Rifle Club
of Gleiwitz, 1862 ; — The new Evangelical Church at Cbarlotten-
brun, 1863 ; — Agricultural Show at Liegnitz, 1863 ; — Agricultural
Show at Lauban, 1864; — Rifle Meeting at Peiskretchau, 1866;
— Congress of Agriculturists, at Breslau, 1869; — Rifle Club
badge of Brieg, 1874; — Rifle Club badge of Kanth, 1874; —
Agricultural Exhibition at Oels, 1874 (2 var.); ~ Agricultural
and Industrial Exhibition at Lauban, 1875; ■ — ■ Provincial Rifle
Meeting at Glogau (1876); — Agricultural Exhibition at Neisse-
Grottkau, 1876; ■ — Congress of Butchers, Breslau, 1879; —
Agricultural Exhibition at Liegnitz, 1S80; — Patriotic Society of
Oels, 1884; — Agricnliural Society Medal of Lowenberg, 1892;
— 25''' Anniversary of Rybnik, 1893 ; — Agricultural Exhibition
at Gleiwitz, 1898; — Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, 1826 (F.
./Google
— 469 —
Koenig); — Samuel Thomasvon Soemmering, 1828 (C. Pfeuffer) ;
— Edward Riippell, 1828 (C, Pfeuffer); — Third Centenary of
the Dutch community at Frankfort-on-M., 1885 (G. Kaupert inv. ;
O. Schulte F.) ; — Third Centenary of the Augsburg Confession,
1830 (C. Pfeuffer); — Medical College of Berlin, 1819 ; — D' J.
J. Berzelius, of Stockholm; — D' G. F. von Adeimann, ofFulda;
— D' J. H. Barth, of Hamburg; — D' Blumenbach, of Gottingen
(sev. var.); — Count D'' Ellenberger; — Goethe (sev. var.); —
D' Carl F. von Graefe, of Berlin ; — ■ D' D. E. Giinther, of Duis-
burg; — D'' C, G. Hagen, of Koenigsberg(2 var.) ; — - D''Christoph
Knape, of Berlin (2 var.); — D' J, C. H. Meyer, of Berlin ; — D'
H . W . M. Olbers, physician and archaeologist of Bremen ; — D' J.
C. Reil, of Berlin; — D^- E. Rueppell, of Frankfort-on-M.; —
Schiller (3 vac); — ■ D"" S. j. von Soemmering, of Frankfori-on-
M. (3 var.) ; — D' J. Wendt, of Breslau (3 var.) ; — Hamburg
Hospital, 1823 ; — Prussian Geneva Cross Society, 1873 ; ■ — Ger-
man Congress of Naturalists and Physicians, Hamburg, 1830; —
German Congress ofNaturalists and Physicians, Breslau, 1833 ; —
Vaccination in Prussia; — D' Balthazar Kaufman n ; — Daniel
Friedrich Loos; — Lorenz Oken (really Okenfuss), a famous
naturalist, 1779-185 1 (by Koenig); — Martin Luther;^. Zwingli
and Melanchthon, Jubilee of the Reformation, 1817 ; — Death of
King Frederick William III., 1840 (by Konig) ; — Golden Wedding
of Count aad Countess Christian Frederick of Stolberg, r8i8 ; —
Death of Francis I., Austrian Emperor, 1835 (by Konig); — ■ Cle-
ment Wenceslaus Lothaire, Prince Metternich, 1835 (by Held); —
Charles, Prince of Schwarzenberg ; — ■ r i'^ Centenary of the discov-
ery of the Teplitz Springs, 1862; — Jewel of the Lodge of the
Golden Lion of Dantzig ; — Semi-centennial celebration ot the Free-
masons of the Lodge of the Three Gavels, Halberstadt (by Schilling) ;
— Centennial celebration of the Lodge, Ferdinand of Felicity,
Magdeburg, 1861 ; — Charles, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-
Strelitz, f 1816; —Christian Charles Fred. William, Baron von
Nettelbladt, f 1843; — Mecklenburg's first Masonic Lodge, founded
at Schwerin, 1854; — Inauguration of a Monument to Frederick
the Great, 1840; — The Lodge Archimedes of the Three Trestle
Boards, Altenburg ; — Johann Wilhclm Ellenberger (von Zinnen-
dorf), 1826 ; — D' Ehmsben, of Osnabruck, 1827; — Frederick,
Prince and Heir of the kingdom of Prussia, received into the Order
of Free Masons, 1838; ~ John Michael Palmie, of Berlin, 1840
(by C. Pfeuffer); — Frederick William Louis, Prince of Prussia,
initiated into the Order of Freemasons, Berhn, 1840 (by Lorenz);
— Frederick 11., founder of Freemasonry at Berlin, centennial
medal, 1840 ; — William Louis Victor, Count Henckel von Donners-
marck, 1841, etc.
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J. li. Bcnnert describes six Portrait-medals of Prince Bismarck,
struck to commemorate various events of his life (Bismarck-
Medailkn, 1904), and issued at the Loos Mint.
Among the more important medallists who worked for the Loos
Medal Mint and whose signature occurs in connection with that of
G. LOOS are : H.F. Brandt, of La Chaux-de-Fonds ; Friedrich Konig,
of Berlin; Carl PleufFer, of Suhl; Ludwig Held, of Altenburg;
Heinrich Gube, of Breslau ; W. KuUrich, of Berlin; G. Kaupert;
Otto Schulte, and others.
The founder, Gottfried Loos, who died in 1S43, was succeeded
as Director by L. Ostermann, 1S43-1879 ; Emil Kriiger, 1879-
1895 ' ^"^^ Arthur Kriiger, since 1895.
LOOS, GEORG FRIEDRICH {Germ.). Medallist and Mint-engraver
at Nuremberg, 1742-1762, and Wiirzburg, 1762-17S6. He was' the
son of Karl Friedrich Loos. We meet with his signature on Thalers
Thaler of Raiisbon, 1756 by G. F. Loos.
and other currency of Nuremberg, Wurzburg (Thalers of Adam
Frederick, Bishop of Wurzburg, 1763-1765 (2 var.) and Ratisbon.
Bibliography. — As libmie.
LOOS, KARL FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Medallist, and Mint-cngraver
at Nuremberg, 1745-1776. Kirmis gives his date as 1756-1770,
and states that his issues are signed : L.
LOQTJE (French). Medallist of the early part of the nineteenth
century. His signature : LOQUE occurs on the following medals :
Visit of Pius VIL at Paris, 1804 (4 var.; one signed : LOQUE
./Google
mvenit) ; — Pius Vn., Palis, 1805 (l?i. Crucifix, etc.); — Pius VII.,
Paris, 1806, etc.
Bibliography. — Edwards, The Napoleon Medals, Paris, 1837.
LORDONNOIS, MARCEL PROSPER (PrmcA). Contemporary Sculptor
and Medallist, born at Paris ; pupil of Mouchon, F. Vernon and
Kluge. At the Salons of 1896, 1898, 1902, 1903, 1904, and 1906 he
exhibited several Medals and Portrait-pkquettes, which display a
good taste and technical ability. One of them, that of M"° Dugat
I have seen ; and also one of M"^ Jeanne Cordonnier. At the Salon
of 1905, he exhibited : Portrait of M^'M. B***; — M"' M.B. A*'**;
— A. Bassinet, senator; — G. Marion, surgeon ; — Head of the
French Republic ; — M. MoUier ; — Senynlu, etc. , and was awarded
a Mention honorable; — 1906. Portrait-plaquette of M. Paul
Chautard, president of the Conseil municipal; — Tir aux pigeons;
— Musique ; — Diane ; — Gallia; -— Inauguration racdal of the
Theatre royal at Ostend ; — Portrait of Marcclle de B***, etc.
LOREDANO, ZXJANO (ltd.). Mint-overseer at Venice, 1590-1593.
His initials Z. L. occur on some of his coins.
LORENZ, CARL HEINRICH (Germ.). Medallist and Coin-engraver,
born at Berlin on the 24"' of August 1810; died in the seventies. He
studied first at the .Berlin Academy, then at Vienna, visited Italy,
and returned to Berlin, where he was working up to 1848, when he
obtained employment as Engraver and Medallist to the Mint of
Altona, from the Dani.sh government. From 1859 to 1861 he filled
the post of Chief Medallist at St. Peteirsburg, and definitely settled
at Hamburg towards the end of 1S61. For some years he worked
in conjunction with his son Johann, their joint productions being
signed : H. LORENZ 0. SOHN.
By Heinrich Lorenz are the following medals : Portrait- medal
of Gutenberg; — Ministerial Director Beuth; — Prize Medal of
the Hamburg Agricultural Exhibition, 1869 ; — Hamburg Ktinstler-
Verein, 1869 (signed: LOREWZU. SOHN); — The United Masonic
Lodges of Hamburg, 1870-71 (signed : H. LORENZ U. SOHN) ; —
D' Christoph Heinrich Pfaff, of StuttgaYt, 1843 (2 var.); — Chol-
era, Chiavari, 1837; — Commemorative medal of the German
Industrial Exhibition at Berlin, 1844; — ■ The Holsteln-Schleswig
Insurrection, 1848-1851; — Frederick William Louis, Prince of
Prussia, initiated into the Order of Free Masons, 1 840 ; — William
Louis Victor, Count Henckel von Donnersmarck, 1841 ; — Monu-
ment to Frederick the Great at Breslau, 1840 ; — Patriotic Society
of Schweidnitz-Jauer; — Prince and Princess Leopold of Lippe,
25"' Anniversary, 1845; — Commemorative medal of the. First
Diet at Frankfort-on-M., 1848 (LORENZ F.). . .
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- 472 —
Lorenz signed his medals : lORENZ; ■— H.LOBENZ; — H. L.
Both he and his son were employed by the Loos Medallic Mint
to cut dies for medals at various times,
BiBUOGiiAPHV. — Boli^enthal, op. at. — Fried eiisburg, op. cil. — Menadier,
op. cH.
LORENZ, HANS {Gcrm.). Mint-warden at Teschen, 1620-162^
and 1643-1649.
LORENZ, JOHANN JACOB (Germ.). Medallist to the Mint of Ham-
burg, born at Berlin, 24. June 1845, died 29, August 1887. He wa^
the son of the medallist Carl Heinrich Lorenz, Irom whom he
received his first tuition. From 1864 to 1867, he was a student at
the Berlin Royal Academy of Arts, and while residing in the Prus-
sian capita! lie occasionally worked for the Loos Medallic Mint.
He then visited Dresden and was employed there by the Court-
medallist Friedrich Hermann Jahn. By the end of 1868 we find
him back at Hamburg, On the opening of the mint of Hamburg,
in 1874, he was appointed Medallist and Mint-engraver, and he
died in office, from an apoplectic fit brought on by overwork.
Johann Lorenz is the author ot numerous Medallic works,
Reliefs, Portraits, Commemorative medals, etc., some of which he
executed in conjunction with his father. The coins struck at Ham-
burg, from 1874 to 1887, were also engraved by him. Among his
best known productions are : Large official commemorative medal
of the Completion of Cologne Cathedral, 1880 ; — Meda! of Ger-
man Coastguards and Seamen, 1881; — Prize Medal of the Geo-
graphical Society of Hamburg, with bust of the burgomaster Gustav
Heinrich Kirchenpauer, i88r; — Burgomaster Hermann Ant.
Corn. Weber, 1885 ; — Portrait-medallion of Carl Heinrich
Lorenz; — Baptism of the medallist's daughter, Anna, 24. August
187S; — The United Lodges of Hamburg, 1870-1871 (signed :
LORENZ D, SOHn) ; — Prince Bismarck ; — The Curiosities of
Hamburg; — Hamburg Kutistler Verein, 187; ; — Portrait- jeton
of Prince Bismarck (1871); — Prince Bismarck, 1872 (edge
insctibed : NIGHT NACH CANOSSA) ; — D"- John Martin
Lappenberg, numismatist, of Hamburg, 1864.
"Lorenz Starb", observes D' Erbstein, "daec sich bel seinem
rastlosen Eifer eine Nervenkrankheit zugezogen, in Folge eines
Gehirnschlages. VonermudlichemSchaffensdrangebeseelt,begeistert
fiir alles Schone, neidlosgegen Andere, mit den trefilichsten Eigen-
schaften des Herzens ausgestattet, hinterlasst er bei seinen zahlreichen
Freunden auch als Mensch das beste Andenken.
Bibliography. — D' Erbstein, Blatter fiir Mdnifnundc, 1887, col. 1534.
LORENZ, PAUL (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Breslau, 1627,
Hosted by Google
LORBNZALE (Span.). Designei' of a medal, engraved by Jubany,
on the Inauguration of the Barcelona to Matano Railway, 1848.
LOREHZANUS, J. AND. (ltd.). According to Bonanni, Numismata
Pontificum Romamriim, vol. II, p. 7S5, n" XI, Lorenzanus engraved
a medal with bust of Pope Alexander VIII., commemorating the
gift by Queen Christina of Sweden of her library to the Vatican,
1690. Hildebrand describes the piece from Bonanni's drawing.
Bii!UOGiiAPH\-. — Hildebrand, o/>, dt., 1, 321.
LORENZO PARMENSE. Vide FRAGNT (Vol. II, p. 133).
LORENZO DE' MEDICI, snrnamed the Magnificent, Ruler of Plo-
rence, 1469-1492, and the greatest Patron of Art that ever
Portrait of Lorenzo de' Medici, by Domeaico di Polo
(enlarged from the cameo in the Biblioth^que Nationals, Paris).
lived. He gathered around him all the most renowned painters,
sculptors, gem-engravers, literati and poets of his time. At his
>stsd by Google
court at Florence, Michel Aogelo essayed the first strokes of his
chisel, and many artists, amongst them, Brunelleschi and Donatello,'
owed their prosperity to the protection of this enUghCened Prince.
"Laurent", says Muntz {Histoire de I'Art, vol, 1, p. 56), " est
I'arbitre du goflt; c'est lui qui dirige revolution supreme de la
Renaissance florentine, ec dont les artistes ou les amateurs de I'ltalie
enti^re sollicitent respectueusement les arrets ; Thomme d'iniciative
qui ddcouvre les talents nouveaux et Tamateur prodigue dont les
largesses peuplent Florence de chefs-d'ceuvre. "
"Lorenzo's intellectual powers were of exceptional strength
and versatility. He could speak with equal fluency on painting,
sculpture, music, philosophy and poetry. But his crowning superior-
ity-over every other Maecenas known to history lay in his active
participation in the intellectual labours that he promoted (Encycl.
Brit.).
Loreii/^ode' Medici wasan enthusiastic collector,both of antiques as
well as of gems cut in his own day. The finest cameo in his collec-
tion was, perhaps, the Tazza Farnese, which is now in the museum
at Naples. Many of the gems which belonged to htm, and are now
dispersed chiefly in the museums of Naples, Florence, and Paris,
bear the inscription "LAVRMED".
But not only was he by far ' ' the most celebrated, as he was the
most powerful and the richest", says Davenport {Cameos, 1900,
p. 52), "but he was also probably areallover andjudge of first-rate
art for its own sake. He gave advice and directions to medallists
and gem-engravers, showing what keen interest he took in that
E articular branch of art. Giovanni detle Corniole was one ot
orenzo's favourite cameo-and intaglio-cutters, and one of his pupils,
Domenico di Polo, executed a fine cameo -portrait of the Prince
(illustrated), which is preserved in the Cabinet des M^dailles of the
Biblioth^ue nationale, Paris.
BiBLiOGRAjHV. — Fide also Vol. I., Introd.
LORFELIN or L'ORFELIH. Fide DARMAND L'ORFELIN and JEAN
DARMAND (/(V L'ORFELIN (Vol. I, p. 336). Mint-engraver at Paris,
born about 1600 ; died there 6. December 1669. He became Mint-
engfaver General, 1626. Fide ORPHELIN infra.
L'ORFilVRE, REMI (^French). Goldsmith and Die-cutter at the Mint
of Sainte-Menehould, circ. 1394-1402.
LORIEUX, JULIEN (French). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
born in Paris; pupil of Alph^e Dubois and Georges Lemaire. He
has been very successful, and his exhibits at the Salons since 1899
have met with approval from the best critics.
His medalUc productions are not numerous. I have only noticed :
Vierge(i4mill.); — Premiere Communion (Plaquette without^.);
,,Goot^lc
~ 475 —
— St.Sehzsthn(ilhislnited).^Th(i Villagerand the Serpent (thelast
two executed in commission for the iirm of Artluis Berlrand el
B^ranger, of Paris) ; — Premiere Communion (Medal) ; — Virgin
and Ciiild, etc.
" St. Sebastien ", observes M. Babelon, in Sevue de I'Art, 1903,
ir, 26, " est une excellenie etude d'anatomie ; il y a de lasonplesse
dans le models de ce grand corps renvers^ en arrifere et perce de
fl^ehes. "
LORION, GABRIEL NICOLAS LOUIS {French). Contemporary Gem-
engraver, bom at Paris ; pupil of Lucien Staiget. This artist
exhibited at the Salon of 1886 a sardonyx cameo representing
Herakles.
LORME, ABEL DE (French). Director of the Mint at Perpignan,
1829-1837; distinctive mark '■ a bunch of grapes,
LORMIER, fiDOTIARD (French). Contemporary Sculptor, bom at
St. Omer in 1847; pupil of Jouffroy. By him are a number of
Portrait-medallions : 1868. V. Lormier; — 1865). M"^ F. Lor-
mier; — 1873. C. Lormier; ■ — U. Lormier; — 1874. M. Le
Mari^ des Land^lles; — 1888. AlfredLeroux; — 1900. Plaquette
(souvenir du Palais de I'Optique), a very pretty work.
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LORRENNE, JEHAN DE (French). Mint- master and contractor at
Tours, circ. 1426-1^129, in conjunction with jehan de Chante-
merle, Guilkume Le Roy and Jehan Alleaume. They struck Blancs
of Charles VIT., bearing as mint-mark, a tower.
Bibliography. — Faivre, Elat actuel des AuUers monetaires fraiifais.
LORRIS, GUIUAUME DE (French). Known also as GUILLEBMIN,
or GUILLEMIN DE LOBRIS, or DE LORRY, 1350-1371. He was
appointed Die-cutter at the Mint of Lyons, and engraved jetons
(getouers) for Louis de France, Duke of Orleans.
Bibliography, — Rondoi, Les Gravmirs de Lyon, 1897. — Rondot, and De La
Tour, op. cii.
LORTHIOR,orr.OHTHIOIR, PIERRE JOSEPH (French). Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Lille on the 22. January 1733, became " Engrav-
er to the King" in 1776, and died at Paris on the 8* of March
1813, at the age of eighty.
He is the author of a number of medals and jetons, also medal-
lions and plaquectes "ot elegant design and fine execution ", and
he took part in 1791 in the competition for the coinage. He was
especially clever as an Engraver of seals and gaming counters, and
produced some good work in gems.
Lorthior signed : LORTHIOR.P. ; — LORTHIOR. LOR.F.; or Lorthior.
The following medallic productions by him are described by Van
Hende : Medals and Jetons. De Caumartin, 1756; — ■ Due de Berry,
1761 ; — Comtede Provence, 1771; — ProcureursauChatelet, 1766
signed : LOR.); — Constabulary of France, 1770; — Louis Pheli-
peaux, Comre de St, Floresitin, 177S; — Another, of 1770 ; —
Due de Choiseulj 1765 ; — Marriage of the Dauphin, 1770; —
Madame la Dauphine, 1770 ; ^- Comte d'Artois (later Charles X.),
1773 (118 mill.); — Comte d'Artois, 1775; — Academie de
Marine, 1769; — ficole dcs Beaux-Arts, 1774; — Caisse d'Es-
compte, 1776; — Ordre de St, -Louis (remis en honneur par
Louis XVI), 1779 ; — fitats de la Flandre wallonne (signed :
LtlR,F,); ■ — . De Montbarey, 1778; — Duchesse d'Aumont (sev.
var.); — Charles Alexandre de Calonne, 1784; ■ — Visit to the
Paris Mint of the Princes of Lorraine, 1786 ; — "Maison philanthro-
pique " of Versailles, 17S6 ; — " Maison philanthropique " of Paris,
1781 ; — C. Gravier, comte de Vergennes, 1784 ; — Sugar Refi-
neries of Bordeaux, 1786 ; — The City of Bordeaux; — Marquis de
Beaupreau; — Muguet-Daugeret de Montgant of Lyons, 1782
(signed : LOR.) ; — City of Lyons (signed : LOR. F.) ; — Sir James
Harris, 1786 ; — ■ Louvenie ; — ■ V^tferance des Sergents ; — Corres-
pondance generale et gratuite pour les sciences et les arts, 1777 ;
— OTIUM CUM DIGNITATE, 1780; — Capitainerie voyale des
chassesde la Varenne du Louvre, MDCCLXXII; — Th^tre de la
Salle Louvois;— Brevet d'invention; — Hunting, &c.
,/ Google
Seals and Gems. Seal of Madame la Daupliine (2 var.) ; — Seal of the
Comte d'Artois; — Seal ol Queen Marie Aiitomette of France,
Obv. of Pattern Ecu of Louis XVI., 1796, byl-orthior.
1774;— Seal of ihc Due d'Orleans (ex. MDCCLXXXII. LOR-
THIOR IN ET S) ; — Signet, PRUDENCE SUCCES; - Various
other private signets-
' " ' " '■■'-*—' ■■■;■.■ j^^HBtt
Repentir, Pkqueite by P. Lorthior,
atdb, Google
- 478-
Coins. Pattern of 1^. of Louis XVI. Double Louis of 48 livres,
1786; — Pattern of '^. of 20 Sols, 1785 ; — Pattern of obv. of
Louis XVL hcu, 1791 (illustrated); — Obsidional Bon pour
40 Sols a ^changer en Assignats par Dairolant ct Comp. I'an 4 de
la Lib. 1792; — Pattern 5 Ddcimes, an 8 (2 var.); — Pattern
2 D^cimes, an 8 (signed : LOR F.).
Plaquettes. Recompense et Punition (119 X99 mill.); —
Seduction; — Repentir (illustrated); — Prudence (signed : LOR-
THIOR— AN 1805) ; — Succcs.
Lorthior wrote in 1791 a Memoire on the manufacture of assi-
gnats which he addressed to the Assembl^e nationale. ,
Bin LI OGR A PHY, — Ed. van Heiide, P. Lorlhior ei son ceuvre, Lille, 1898. —
N. Rondot and H. De La Tour, Les MedailUttrs et les Graveurs de monnaies en
France, Paris, 1904. ^ Bulletin de numismatique, 189B, p. 77. — Revue beige
de numismatique, 1877, p, jio.
LOSCH, FRANZ XAVER or JOSEPH (Germ.). Medallist, born in
1770 at Ambergj died in 1826; pupil of j. G. Whitska. He resided
at Munich, and, says Bolzenthal, "was much employed by the
Bavarian Court, and one of the first who in Germany exercised the
art in fine taste and after the example of the French in the old
style. His numerous productions prove this; they chiefly refer to
events in the reign of King Maximilian Joseph. "
He was appointed Chief-engraver at the Mint of Munich in 1808.
In 1810 he visited Paris.
Amongst Losch's medals I may mention : Death of Celestin
Steiglehner, last Prince Abbot of St. Emmeran's Benedictine Institu-
tion at Ratisbon, 1819; — Presentation Medal of the States of
Bavaria to King Maximilian Joseph on the first Anniversary of the
Constitution, 1819; ■ — ■ 25''' Anniversary of Mas-Joseph's Reign,
1824; — Marriage of Prince Frederick William of Prussia with
Princess Elizabeth Louise of Bavaria, 16. November 1823 (IJi,. by
Sciglmaier); — Marriage of the Emperor Francis II. with Princess
Caroline of Bavaria, 1816 ; — Death of Prince Maximilian Joseph,
1803 ; — Medal of Merit, 1801 ; — Restoration of the Kingdom
of Bavaria, 1806 (2 var.); — Medal of Merit (Der Tapferkeit); —
Another (Dew Ferdienste, &.c.); — Peace of Tilsit, 1807; — ■ Jeton
(seared philosopher); — Medal of tlie Academy of Sciences; —
Others (4 var. (a) Minerva standing; (b) MERENTI; (c) INGENIO
ET INDUSTRIA; (d) OB MILITES, &c.); — Wiirzburg Polytech-
nic School; — Inauguration of the Royal Mint, 1809; — The
Bridge over the Isar, 1814; — Visit of Alexander I. of Russia to
Munich, 1815 ; — Visit of Francis I. of Austria, 181 5; — Soolen-
teigung Berchtesgaden, 1817; — "Sanftmuth"; — ■ Lion Monu-
ment ofVilshofen, 1823; — Various Proclamation Medals, 1824,
of Munich, Memm.ingen, Sonnthofen, Landshut, &c. ; — Jeton of
,/ Google
— 479 ~
1824; — Laying of the foundation stone of the Synagogue at Munich,
1824; — Rebuilding of the K. Hofthearer, 1824; ~ "The fine
Fountain" at Munich, 1824;— Visit of the Archdulce Francis
Charles to the Royal Mint, 1824; — Visit of Prince John of
Saxony to the Royal Mint, 1824; — Medals of celebrated Men
(for the Durand Series); — Portrait-medal of Queen Karoline
Friederike Wilhelmine; — Visit of the Crown Prince Ludwig I. of
Bavaria to Innsbruck, 1810; — ■ Laying of the foundation stone of
the Glyptothek at Munich, 1816; — King Ludwig of Bavaria ; —
Another; ^. RERVM COGNOSCERE CAVSAS; — Marriage of
the Crown Prince Ludwig with Princess Therese Caroline of Saxe-
Altenburg, iSio; — Eugene de Beauharnais, Vice-Roy of Italy,
1824; — Maximilian I., Duke of Bavaria, 1821 ; — Fountain of
Nuremberg, 1829 ; -— The Pantheon of Rome; — The Academy
of Bavaria, &c.
Ldsch, who always signed his medals : LOSCH, is given the
Christian name of JOSEPH by Kull, and tlie period of his activity
at Munich is placed between 1802 and 1826.
Bibliography. — Bokenthal, op. cit. — Menadier, op.dS. — Sale Cuhihgves.
— Kull, Reperiorium \iir Mitt^ktmde Bayerns, Muiichen, 1900,
LOSCH, JOSEPH JUMK(Gf™.). A son of the last, was born at
Munich, 1S04; also a Medallist, died at Munich, in 1843. He
became Chief Medallist to the Munich Mint in 1834, and executed
many interesting medals of fine workmanship.
Bibliography. — Kull, op. cit. — Beierlein, op. cit., IV, no 75. — Singer,
Allgcmeines Kztmthr Lexikon, 1898.
LOSE, ALBRECHT (Germ.). Mint-master at Wiesbaden, 1560.
LOSEN (Germ.'). I have met with the signature : LOSEN F. on a
medal of Francis II,, Emperor of Austria, 1813.
LOSSIER, JlDOOARD (Swiss). Designer of numerous Swiss mtidals,
struck during the last twenty years at Geneva, and engraved by
H. Bovy, C. Richard, G. Hantz and others. They mostly commem-
orate lo&il events of Geneva.
BiiSLiOGRAPHY. — Bulletin et Revtie siiisses de mimismaiique, 1882-1902.
LOTH, JOHANH JOSEF (Bohem). Mint-engraver at Prague, 1717,
A Thaler of that date (Joachimsthal Miningthaler) bears his ini-
tial L., and has on obv. a laur. bust of the Emperor Charles VI.
LOTHEBURY, RICHARD DE (Brtt.). Mint-master at St. Edmunds-
bury, under Edward I.
LOTTARD, FOURNIER (French). Mint-engraver at Valenciennes,
circ. 1434.
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LOTTIK, ANTOIKE FRA'NgOIS (French). Coin-engraver and engi-
neer, born at Paris on 23. September, 1740, died at Orleans,
6. February 1808. I have been unable to trace any other particulars
concerning this artist.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie ct Auvray, op. cit.
LOUGH (Brit.'). Designer of a Portrait-medal oi Edward Forbes,
engraved by L. C. Wyon, in 1854.
LOUIS (French). Engraver at Paris, arc. 1670-1675, He is the
author of some jetons of the city of Paris.
LOUIS, HUBERT NOEL (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
St. Omer (Pas-de-Calais) on the r^' of April 1839; pupil of Jouffroy,
By him are Portrait-medallions cast in bronze : Abbe Derguesse,
1867; = M"* L. B*'* (medalhon in silver), 1869; — Abb6 Binet
(med. in silver), 1S73 ; — President Quenson, 1875 ; — M. B***,
1877; &c. His productions in sculpture and statuary arc both
numerous and important.
EliiLiOGKAPHY. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. oit,
LOUIZI (Ital.). Medallist of the first half of the nineteenth cen-
tury, who worked for Durand's series. His signature, LOUIZI F.
occurs on a Portrait-medal of Pasquale de' Paoh, the Corsican
patriot, on his death at London, 1807 (published in 1844),
Bibliography-— D' F. P. Weber, op. rif.,p. iiR.
LOUP, AKTOIHE (French). Goldsmith of Lyons, was employed as
Die-cutter at the Mint there. On 14. September 1429 he was
appointed Engraver to the Mints of Romans, Mout^limar and Cre-
mieu, and he remained in cfKce until his death in 1433.
BmLioGRAPHY. — Rondot, Gvaveurs lyoiinais, — Rondot and Dc La Tour,
op.cil., p. 145.
LOURS, GOLIN (French).. Goldsmith and Seal-engraver of Arras,
clrc. 1387, who worked for the Comte de Nevers.
Bibliography. — Lecoy de la Marche. Les Scmux, Paris, 1889.
LOUVET, JACQUES (French). Mint-master at Saint-L6, 1522-
1523.
LOUVIERS, JACQUES DE (French). Mint-master at Paris, circ.
1535. There is a jeton with his arms, engraved by Guillaume
Feu ret.
LOVETT, GEORGE HAMPDEN (Anier.). Medallist, born at Philadel-
phia, February 14, 1834, died at Brooklyn, Januaij 28, 1894.
The following particulars of this Engraver's hfe are borrowed
,,Goot^lc
— 4^1 ~
from Mr. W. E. Weeks' obituary notice in Amcr. Journ. of Numis-
matics, April 1894, p. 104.
"When still an infant, Lovett's father moved to New York,
and there the artist spent the greater part of his life. His father,
Robert Love tt, and his brothers JobnD., and Robert, all of whom
he outlived, were die-sinkers. Atter giving George a common
school education, his father took him into his employ, at the age
of sixteen, to learn the art of engraving and die-sinking. He spent
the rest of his life at that business, in New York City, and during
the last twenty-five years, he resided in Brooklyn.
"In March 1873, he issued a circular, in which he claimed
" thai" medal die-sinking is a distinct branch of art"; thus showing
his own high estimate of the possibihties of his profession. He
thought "competition for national coins and medals should be
thrown open to all ". Solomon said, " Of making many books
there is no end ". If he could have seen the hundreds (shall we say
thousands) of medals, to which G. H. Lovett stood sponsor, he
certainly would have included medals also in his ejaculation. As
one of his friends somewhat mildly expresses it, " he was prolific ".
He certainly was.
"Ill his advertisement, in April 1879, in the American Journal of
Nutnis}}iatics , which continued in the Journal, without change,
until October, 1890, he referred to but four of his patrons by
name, Hamilton College of the City of New York, the American
Institute, and the Whiting Manufacturing Company. He announced
as on hand, for sale, the issues of Mr. Wood's series and of the
New York Medal Club. He advertised to design and execute Medals
for Societies, Schools and Colleges, and promised particular atten-
tion to Political Tokens and Commemorative Historical Medals and
Numismatic Series.
"Lovett kept no list of his productions, many of which he
donated to the American Numismatic and Archaeological Society.
His medals tell the story of the Centennial Exposition, Phikdelphia,
1876 ; — the World's Industrial and Cotton Centennial Exposition,
New Orleans, 1885; — the North, Central and Sonth American
Exposition, New Orleans, 1886; — the Piedmotit Exposition,
Atlanta, 1887; — the American Exhibition, London, 1887; —
and the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893. Numisma-
tic, Flistorical, and Agricultural Societies, Colleges and Schools, and
the Social Clubs, American and foreign, the Masons, Odd Fellows,
Grand Army, National Guard, firemen and politicians have sought
his aid, time and time again.
" His work commemorates the battles and principal events of the
Revolution and the Civil War, the erection of statues and monu-
ments, and the dedication of cathedrals, churches and pubhc or
L. FoRKEK. — Biogmfhki^l Nolkn uf Midnttiili. — III. Jl
>stsd by Google
— 4f^2 —
historic buildings. Medals were designed' by him to celebrate
events abroad as well as at home. He cut the dies for the coins of
Honduras, and for the plantation or hacienda currency on the Island
of Cuba. The Lord's Prayer, on a diameter of less thaa half an
inch, he cut without the aid of a reducing machine.
" His membershipin the American Numismatic and Archaeolo-
gical Society dates from December 23, 1867. He engraved the
plate for the printing of certificates of membership, and cut the
dies for the striking of membership medals of the Society in
1876.
" He was married three times. His first wite was Sarah Basmore.
He married his third wife, Mary A. Turzanski, September 7, 1868.
She survives him, with three children, Mary Emma Lovelt, Robert
Lovett, and Joseph P. Lovett,
Medalet of George Washington, by G, H, Loveit,
" His last illness was but short, but he had been in failing health
for several years. He had a press at his house, where he could
work quietly and without interruption. Only a short time before
his death, he brought home a gold plancbet to strike, and told his
wife he should spend the afternoon at home striking the medal.
When night came, he said, with evident feeling, that he was too
feeble to undertake the work, and he should have to get someone
else to do it. Death had set his seal upon him ! He died of nervous
prostration, January 28, 1894, at his residence. No, 26. IrvingPlace,
Brooklyn".
Among the works of G. H, Lovett which have come under my
notice, I may mention : Series of 16 Portrait-Medalets of U.S.A.
Presidents, from Washington (illusirated) to Lincoln (some signed :
G. H. LOVETT ; — G.H.L. ; — and GHL^^ ; Others unsigned) ; — Several
medals of Washington ; — D' E, K. Kane (3 var.) ; — D' Valentine
Mtitt, Med. Dep' of University of New York ; — St. John's Float-
ing Hospital, New York; — Washington Kranken-Unterstiitzung's
Verein ; — Dedication of the Masonic Temple in New York, June
,,Goot^lc
- 4^3 -
1875; — ^ Benjamin Franklin; — ^ The Olive Branch Lodge, 1S77;
— Lake City Lodge; — Hopkins Lodge, Black Jacques Grove,
Texas; — Holland Lodge, State of New York; — Solomon's
Lodge, N" I. Po'keepsie, New York; — Armory Seventh Regi-
ment, Grand Lodge, New York; ^ Inauguration of the Railway
from Bahia de laHabana to Matanzas, Cubaj 1858, etc.
The present owners of Geo. H. Lovett's works are ROBERT
SNEIDER & C°. 145, Fulton St., New York (?. v.).
Bibliography. — W. R. Weeks, I c. -
The Medals of Washington, Philadelphia,
1891.
LOVETT, JOHN D. (Amer.). Brother of the last ; also a Die-sinkei
at NewYork.
LOVETT, ROBERT (Amer.). Father of G. H. Lovett. Die-sinker
at Philadelphia, later at New York. By him are various medals, one
of which, that of the Medical Society of New York County has
been brought to my knowledge by D' H. R. Storer. It is dated
1806 (Am. Journ. of Num., n° 1553).
LOVETT, ROBERT (Amer.). A brother of G. H. Lovett; also a
Die-sinker at New York. G. FI. Lovett outlived both his brothers
John D. and Robert.
LOVETT, ROBERT JUNi* (Amer.). A son of G. H. Lovett, residing
at Philadelphia, where he is practising as a Die-sinker, He is the
author of a Portrait-medal of Stephen Girard, of Philadelphia (Am.
J. ofN., n" 203"); — Medals of Washington, and others.
LOW, CONRAD (Germ.). Mint-master atSteinfurt, 1617-1632.
LOW, WOLFGANG (Bohem.). Mint-master-general at Plan, circ.
i624--t- 1631.
LOWE, JOHANN HEINRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Hamburg;
his initials I. H. L. occur on Thalers of 1726, 1735, 1748,
1759, &c.
LciwEL (Germ.) Mint-master at Saalfeld, 1803-1833. His distinc-
tive mark occurs also on coins of Reuss in 1807 and 1812. Vide
Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cit., p. 278. 1 have noticed his initial L
on a Conventionsthaler of Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld,
1805, Conventionsthaler of Henry XIII. of Reuss, 1807, 1812,
Gulden, and Half Gulden.
LOWEW, MAX (Germ.). A Jew, who in conjunction with Zwirncr,
contracted for the working of the Mint at Briinn, 1620-1624.
>stsd by Google
-484-
LOWENBACH, J. W. {Germ.). Medallist and Die-sinker, who
worked at Munich, circ. 1824-1860. He engraved the following
medals : Inauguratioa of tlie new Synagogue at Munich, 1S26; —
Inauguration of the statue " Bavaria" at Munich, 1850; — Seventh
Centenary of Munich, 1858; — 50"' Anniversary of the October
Festival at Munich, iS6o,Scc.
- V. Eyb, Die Mmi^m und Medaillen
LOWENSTARK & SONS, A. D. (Brit.). A Jewish firm of Masonic
Jewellers and Die-sinkers, who had two branches, one in the
Strand, and the other in Atdersgate St., London. E.G. It failtd, and
at the end of 1S95, Mr. Loewenstark left this country for Bulu-
wayo, Rhodesia, Messrs Spink and Son purchasing his plant,
dies, &c.
Loewenstark and Sons issued a number of Prize Medals for
Agricultural,. Sporting, Masonic &c. Societies, and a Portrait-medal
ofSir Moses Montefiore, Bart., F.R.S. 1S84.
LOWENSTEIN (Germ.). Die-sinker at Wiesbaden, circ. 1849. He
signed a Medal commemorating the Capture of the Danish frigate
Gefion off Echernforde, 5 . April 1849, and intended as a Reward to
the Brave Gervian Warriors: Vide Isenbein, op. cit., p. 178.
LOWS, CARL FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Die-sinker at Nuremberg, circ.
1756-1770. His productions are signed C.F.L.
LOWYS orLODEWICK, JOHN (Brit.). Mint-master at London and
Calais, anni 1-2 of Henry V., 1412-1413. In a contemporary
document, he is stylei Master and Worker of the mints of London and
Calais.
- Senrure, Diet. giog. de I'lnstoire monitaire
LOY, ERASMUS (Germ.). Modeller at Ratisbon, drc. 1520.
Bibliography. — W. Schratz, Reg'etisburger Inedila und Seltenheitm, 1640.
LOY kKQ (French). Mint-engraver at Pau, 1695-1717. M. Blan-
chel has recorded various payments which were made to this Die-
cntter in 1695 and 1696. His successor in 1618 was Pierre
Duvive.
Bibliography. — J.-A. Blancliet, Les Graveurs en Biarn, Dax, 1888. — Id.,
HhtoiremaitUairedu Biarn. — Rondot et De La Tour, op. cit.
LOYET, GIRARD (French). Goldsmith, and Mint-engraver to the
Duke of Burgundy, Charles the Bold, atLille, circ. 1466-1467. He
was appointed Mint- master-general at Antwerp, 27. November
1477, but entered office only in 1495.
./Google
LOTET, H0GUEN1N (French). Minc-engraver at Dijon, drc. 1460;
he engraved gecloirs for the Chambre des Comptes.
LOYET or LOTIYET, PERRENOT (French). Mint-engraver at Dijon
and Chalon, circ. 1429-f 1437. He succeeded at Dijon Andry de
Wailly in 1433.
Bibliography. — N. Rondot et H. De La Tour, op. cU.
LOVR, LOUIS. Vide LOIR supra.
LOYSEATJ, AM£d£e CHARLES (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Paris. A Portrait-medahion, entitled "Venando"' was
exhibited by him at the Salon of 1886.
LOZANO, ESTEBAN (5'/)iiK). Contemporary Medallist of Madrid,
by whom I have noticed a commemorative medal, dated 1879, on
the Inauguration of the Railway from Madrid to Ciudad Real.
L. P. or p. Vide LAURENTIUS PARMENSIS. Medallist, -\ at Rome
after i6r8. Also LAV.P., and L. PARM.
L. P. Vide LEONARDO PISANI. Mint-master at Venice, 1686.
L. P. Vide LtlDWIG PICHLER, 1773-1854. Gem-engraver and
Medallist, who worked at Rome and Vienna.
L. P.P. FiW^ LEWIS PINGO. Medallist at London, 1768-1783.
L. P. H. Vide LEONHARD P. HALLER. M int- master at Nelsse, 1678-
170 1.
L. P. L. Vide LUDWIG PERSSON tUNDGREN. Medallist at Stockholm,
circ. 1818-1843.
Bibliography. — Schlickey sen-Pal Imann, op. cii.
A' n (Paul Lambros?) (Greek). Signature of a Greek Engraver,
which occurs on a medal presented by the Cretan National Assembly
to J. Woodhouse in recognition lor his services in the public
administration of the Ionian Islands, under British rule, 1845.
L. P (Germ.). Signature of a South German Medallist, on a
Portrait-medal of Otto Truchsess von Waldburg, bishop of
Augsburg, 1543-73, cardinal, 1554, -j 1583. This medal has been
ascribed, but probably in error, to Laurentius Parmensis.
L. R. Vide LDDWIG ROLLIN. Mint-master at Cassel, 1724-1744.
Hosted by Google
L. R. Fide LORENZ RUCKDESCHEL. Mint-master at Bayreutli,
1747-1765. Also C. L. R
I. R. Fide LOREKZ ROSENBAUM. Goldsmith and Medallist at
Augsburg, circ. 1543.
!■■ R. (S,)- According to D' Merzbacher, this signature is I. R. ;
Erman gives it as I. L. R. It occurs on a beautiful medal (illustraud)
.on]ugf.
of Mary and Maximilian, joint ruleis of Bohemia, also on medals
of Prince Elector Augustus of Saxony, 1556
The artist was probably a Saxon, 01 at least worked in Saxony.
BiBLiOGRArHY. — Ernian, op. dt., p. 74, — MeiKbaelier, Kunst-MedaiUen
Kalahg, Mai 1900.
L. R. F. Vide\.l,.^.,h. R.
L. S, Signature on a medalHc box of the eighteenth, century,
representing a Bacchic procession, and in the style of Obrissct. It
is of English workmanship.
L. S. Fide LORENZO SALOMON. Mint-director at Cattaro, 1542-
1544.
L. S. Fide LELIO SCAJOLI. Mint-master at Parma, 1 580-1604.
L. S. Fide LORENZ SCHNEIDER. Mint-master at Coblent^, r6i6-
1624.
L. S. f^ide LORENZ SCHILLING. Medallist at Frankfort-on-Main,
1611-1630.
L. S. Fid& LODOVICO SELVATICO. Mint-master at Modena, 1612-
1613, Pesaro, 1621, and Parma, 1629.
L. S. or L. S. F. Fide LODOVICO SERIES. Medallist in Tuscany, drc,
1747- I 779.
,stsd by Google
L. S. Vide lEONHABD STOCKMAR. Mint-master and Engraver nt
Eiienach, 1785-1835. Also I. L. ST,
E. S. L. Tiife L. S. LADER, Counter-manufacturer at Nuremberg,
circ. 1790.
Bibliography. — Sclilickeysen-Pailmann, 0^. cil.
LDAK, PIERRLTtE (French). Mint-master at Bourg, 1574.
LUARD, MAJOR C. H. (Brit.). Officiating Master of the Calcutta
Mint, 20. July to 23. October 1876.
LUBBECKE, HEIWRICH {Germ.). Mint-warden at Grunstadt
(Leiningcn), r6io,
LOC-LABADIE, ANTOIWE MARIE (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Francescas- (Lot-et-Garonne) ; pupil of Falguiere and
A. Mercie. At the Salon of 1904 he exhibited two bronze Portrait-
medallions : M. Chaumit;, Minister of Public Instruction; —
T. Thiolin, etc.
LUCAM, J. V. (Aastr.). This signature occurs on the reverse of a
medal commemorating the recovery of the Emperor Francis I.,
1826 (in Boston Coll").
LUCAS, J. R. N. (French). Sculptor 01 the end of the eighteenth
and beginning of the nineteenth century, born at Rouen ; pupil of
Pigalle. By him are some Portrait-medallions cast in bronze.
LUCAS, NICOLAUS and PETRUS (Germ.). Moneyers at Liibeck,
1356-1363.
LUCCHESI, ANDREA c. (//rt/.). Contemporary Sculptor, by whom
is a Portrait-medallion of Ruskin inserted in his Memorial.
LUCCHESIMI, GIUSEPPE (Hal.). Sculptor of the third quarter of
the eighteenth century. He is the author of a Portrait-medal of
Gabriel Manfredi, astronomer and mathematician of Bologna,
1766 (signed : OPVS JOSEPH LVCCHESINl).
LUCENTI or LUCIM, GIROLAMO (Ital.). Sculptor, Medallist and
Mint-engraver at Rome, circ. i668-i6go; pupil of Cav. Algardi,
became Assistant-engraver in 1668 under Gasp. Moronc. He work-
ed principally for the Popes Clement X,, Innocent XL, and
Alexander VIII., and also for Sa. Maria di Monte Santo. As a rival
of the Hameranis, he did not however attain their fame. His statue
of an Angel with the nails of the cross on Sant' Angelo Bridge at
Rome is no mean work. For his accomplishments as an artist he
was raised to the knighthood by Clement X.
./Google
Lucenti engraved many dies for medals and coins which bear his
signature in various forms: G. L.; — EQ. HIER, LUCEKTI ; — EQ
LVCEMTI ; — EQV. HIER. LVCENTl ; - EQVES LVCENTI ; — LV. F. &c.
I liave made a note of the following coins and medals by him :
Corns, ClenienI X. (1670-1676). Scudo, an II, ^. dementia et
Liberalitas (2 var.); — an IV, 1^. Pius V. kneeling and receiving
from an angel the news of the victory ofLepanto(2 var.); — 1675,
Jubilee ^. The Porta Santa (sev. var.); and probably some of the
subsidiary coinage of that Pontiff, unsigned. — - Innocent XI. {16^6-
1689). Scudo, an I, ^L. St. Matthew seated.
Scudo of Clement X., 1671, by Lucciiti.
Medals. Ckmeni X. Portrait-medal, 1670. ^L. ROMA RESVR-
GENS ; — Jn IV, INTERCEDITE PRO NOBIS. SS Peter and Paul
standing; — 1671, Christ washing the feet of his disciples; —
Jn III, View of the tribune of the Basilica Liberiana; — An IIII,
The Holy Conception; — An V, 1674, Commemoration of the
Battle of Lepanto; — An VII, Diminution of Import duties .at
Civita Vecchia. — Innocent XL Porttait-medal (cast); no ^.
(signed : EVCENTI). — Alexander VIII. (1689-1691). Medal of
1690. ^L. NON PR^VALEBIT. Religion trampling upon hydra
(signed :LV. F.).
Lucenti had two sons, the elder, AMBROSIUS, who distinguished
himself as a founder in metal, and the younger, LYBERIUS, who was
a lawyer.
Bibliography. — Amraoii, op.cil. — Bolzenthal, op. cil. ~ Cinagli, op. cil.
— Keary, B. M. Guide to Italian Medals.
LTJCHO (Germ.). Moneyer at Ratisbon, circ. 1281.
LUCIUS. Fide A€TK lOY. Signature on an antique Gem of the old
Stosch collection representing a winged Nike in biga at full speed.
./Google
-48? -
King gives others: Bust of young Satyr; — Mask of bearded
Satyr; — Bust of Poppaea (signed : AEY).
Bibliography. — Babelon, op. cil., p. 171. — De Stosch, Picms gmveei,
PI. 41. — King, op. cil.
LUCHIEU, JACQUET DE (French'). Minr-engravcr at Rouen, circ.
1351-1355.
LUCHIEU, JEAN BZ(French). Mint-engraver and Assayer at Rouen,
circ. 1366-1368.
IiUCHIEU, MATTHIEU DE (French). Also MATHIEU or MAHIEU
(DE IISIEUX). Mint-engraver at Troyes, «fc. 1375-t 1376.
lUCHIEU, MICHEL {French). Mint-engraver at Rouen, circ. 1355-
1356.
LUCHINI, TIBERIO Dl {Ilal.). Chief-engraver at the Mint of
Venice, 1443.
LUCHIKl, vmCENZO DI (Juil.). Assistant-engraver at the Mint of
Venice, 1443.
LUCIUS. Vide LEUKIOS.
LUCKE {Gsrm.). Several carvers in ivory (CARL A. L. Sen' 1668-
f 1730; CASLA. L. Jun% 1710-1771; JOHANN CHRISTOPH LUDWIG
VON L. 1703-1750) of that name distinguished themselves in the
eighteenth century, and have signed Portrait-medallions in ivory,
and also in porcelain, which one sometimes meets with.
LUCKNER, JOSEPH (Gn
engraver thcro, third qu.
7). Medallist of Hildesheim, and Mint-
-:or of the eighteenth century. He is the
Convent ions thaler ol Hildeiheim, 1766.
author of a medal of the Italian anatomist Giov. Batt. Morgagni, of
isdo/Googlc
— 490 —
Pndua, 1771, theobv. of which is signed : LVCKMER, while the I^.
is by Balugani. Some of the currency, as for instance a Conventions-
thaler of 1766 of Frederick William, bishop of Hildesheim, bears
his initial L.
Bibliography, — Bolzenthal, op. c-it. — Rdmmmin Sale Catalogue.
LiiCKGER, HERMANN JOSEPH (Germ.). Die-sinker at Nuremberg,
in the employ of the Die-sinking establishment of L. Chr. Lauer.
His initials H. J. L. occur on Portrait-medals of Prince Bisinarck and
otliers.
LUCOT, JEAN BAPTISTE {French'). "FerraiergciiiJral"of theFrencli
coins, 1674.
LDCTEtJ. The signature AOTTCT occurs on several modern gems
imitated from the antique : Mask of Pan, carnelian; — Mask oi
Faim (3 var.).
LUCY (Frencl}). Some pattern copper coins of Napoleon I. are
signed by this Engraver, who flourished in the early part of the
nineteenth century,
I have noticed the signature : LncyJ. on a Pattern 10 Centimes
of Louis-Philippe, 1838, with obv, and!^. types in incuse.
iiDBER, H. (Dutch). Probably a son of Jan Liider, by whom are a
number of medals : City of Amsterdam Medal, 1729 (signed :
H. LVDER F. CVM PRIV.).
LUDER, JAN (Dutch). Medallist of the fourth quarter of the
seventeenth century and early part of the eighteenth, eirc. 1680-
,17 [0. He executed a large number of medals tor William HI, of.
Great Britain and also for John George III,, Elector of Saxony.
His work is not of great merit, and he is said to have trequentjy
copied the designs of other medaUists.
This etigraver visited England, where he may have cut some of
his medals :
Among his productions, we find : James II. and Mary, 1685
— James II. and Mary, 1685 ^. FORTES RADII &c. Full Sun
(imitated from Bower's medal) ; -;— Landing of William of Oraijge
at Torbay, 1688; — Rebellion "in Ireland, 1689; — Coronation
of Queen Mary, 1689; — William KI.'s resistance to' France,
1689; — Fortmies of William IIL,' 1689 I^. Q.VI -^^MPER
'FORTIS&c; — Tribute to William JIL, 1689^. AMORBATA-
VAE GENTIS &.; — Tribute to Mary, 16S9; — William IIL
called to Ireland, j.6^0; — Mary, as Regent, 1690 (2 var,); —
Battle of the Boyne, 1 690 (3 var.) ; — William III. enters Dublin, ■
July i69o(2var.); — Ireland subdued, 1690; — Mary, as Re gent.
./Google
— 491 —
1691 ^L. Lioness at the mouth of a cave; — Triumphal Entry
into the Hague of WiUiam III., 1691 (sev. var.); — Duke of Zell,
Knight oi the Garter, 1691 ; — Relief of Coni by Prince Eogene of
Savoy, 1691 ; — Battle of Aghrim, July 1691 ; — Limerick taken.
October 1691; — Tlie Reformation preserved, by tlie King of
England, 1691; — WiUiam IIL's throne established, 1691 (avar.);
— Deventer Testimonial to WiiHam IIL, 1691 (medal struck at the
,stsd by Google
- 493 --
expense of Peter Sloyskeri, Master of the Mint at De\enter); -^
Ireland reunited, 1692 (2 var.); — Battle of La Hogue, |g May,
1692 (sev. var.); — Death of Queen Mary, 7. January 1695
(sev. var. one illustrated ; — ■ Death and Funeral of Queen Mary,
1695; — Namur retaken by William III., 1695 (signed : L); —
Others, on the same event; — Peace of Ryswick, :697(sev, var.);
— Memorial of William III. (unique gold badge in British'
Museum); — Liberty and Religioi] restored to England, 1689
^L. Ark of' the Covenant; — Victories of Frederick III., Prince
Elector of Brandenburg, 1689; — John George III., Prince Elector
of Saxony, 1689 ; — Rebellion at Amsterdam quelled, 1690.
Liider signed his medals variously : I. L. F. ; — lAN.LUDER 1 FECIT ;
— I. LUDER FECIT; — I. LTJDER F. ; — L.; — I. L.; — I. LUDER;
— IAN LUDER F. ; — IAN, LUDER : FEC-, &c.
BlliLioGRAPHY. — Bdzenthal, op. cit. — Frimlts and Grueber, op. dt. --
Aromon, oji. dt. — Catahgus der Nederlandsdie m op Neilerland helrekking hebbende
Gedenkpfniiihgen, 's Gravetihage, 1903, — De Hisioriepemiivgen en Miinten betrek-
Mttg hebbende op het Stamhiis v^-t Orimje-Noisau.
LUDERS, CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Medallist at Berlin, arc.
1702-1742, and Mint-engraver there. He was employed by the
Royal House ofPrussia, and was a successful Engraver. Hisproductions
are usually signed : -^ ; — C. F. L.; or C. F. LUDERS F. They
comprise : Marriage of King Frederick I. of Prussia with Sophie
Louise of Mecklenburg-Grabow, 1708; — Marriage of Frederick
Louis, Prince of Wurtemberg, with Henrietta Maria, Princess of
of Ihaler of Fredeiicl; I,
Prussia, 1716; — Marriage of Crown Prince Frederick at Salzdah-
lum, 1733 (2 var., one of which is signed KOCH on obv.^ ; —
Marriage of Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick v/iih Crown Prince
Frederick William of Prussia, 1706; — Birth of Crown Prince
Frederick WiUiam (later Frederick the Great), 24. January 1712.
,stsd by Google
Luders engraved dies for the Mints of Berlin and Koeiiigsberg,
His coins are signed 1, — C. F. L. — or C. F. LUDERS, &c.; — Berlin.
Double Ducat, 1732; — Ducats, 1703-1729 (many varieties);
Thalers, 1703-1730; Gulden, 1702-1730; | Tlialers, 1229, &c. —
Koenigsherg. Ducat, 1711.
Thaler of Frederick I.,
Liiders engraved dies for Thalers and Half Tlialers ot Frederic!;
William I. struck for Neuch&tel, in 1714 and 1715.
His initial S^. occurs under the king's bust.
HalfThaler of Neuch,l:d. i;!;.
Bibliography. — Von Sdironer, Miini^tuafii Preussm. — Sale Cdtahgues. —
Bolzenthal, op, cU. — Menaditr^ op. cit.
LUDERS, D. {Genu.). Medallist of the second quarter of the
nineteenth century, by whom I have seen a medal, signed :
D. Luders, on the Marriage of Duke Alexander Charles of Anhalt
with Princess Frederica Charlotte of Holstein, 30. October 1834.
LUDERS, HANS (Germ.) of Goslar. Mint-r
1622.
VII Pegnitz, circ.
,stsd by Google
LUDERS, HANS (Genu.). Mint-master at Hildtslielm, 1695-1710,
and Detmold, 1710-1716. His issues are signed : H.L.; — JL or
^.£.
LUDERS, HERMANN (Germ.). Mint-masier at Bremen, 1670-1673,
and Hamburg, 1674-1692. He coined for Schleswig-Holstein, 1676-
:689, and also for the city of Luneburg, 1677-1678. In 16S1 he
became Warden of the South Saxon Circle. His issues are signed :
H, L. ; — HL, or EL.
LDDERS, 1. H, (Germ.). Mint-master at Lippe, circ. 1712-1720.
His issues are signed H, L. or I. H. L,
LUDERS. LUDOLPH HEINRICH (Germ.). Mint-master for Lippe-
Detmold, resided at Carlshafen (eighteenth century).
LUDEWIG, EWALT (Germ.). Mint-master at Miltenherg, 1437.
LUDEWIG, HEKNE (Germ.). Mint-master at Milteuberg, 1434.
LDDOLF. Fide LUDERS, LUDOLPH HEmRICH.
LUD, NE. I^ide LUDWIG NEUFAHBER. German Medallist, circ.
1537-1560.
LDDWIG DER MONZER (Aaslr.). Moneyer at Vienna, circ.
1409.
LUDWIG, CHRISTOPH (GcHK.). Mint-engraver at Oels, 1621.
LDDWIG, JOHANNES (Germ.). Gem-engraver at Breshiu, who died
in 1606.
LUDWIG & MAYER (Genit.). Type founders of Frankfort-on-Mein,
who in 1890, issued a medal on the occasion of the 450* Anniver-
sary of Printing. The medal is in lead, and was presented to all the
persons present at the celebration.
LUDY, FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Medallist at Ncuwied, in the early
part of the nineteenth century. He engraved coin-dies for the Mint
of Mayence : 24 Kreuzer piece of Nassau, 1809; — 12 Kreuzer,
1809; — Conventionsthaler, 1809, with bust of Frederick William,
Prince of Nassau, signed on truncation : LUDY (Fide Catalogue
Wamboh, 1833, p. 505, n" 1640).
BiiiLiOGRAPHY.' — Julius Iseiibeek, Das Nussaiiisc/K Mrm-^umn, Wiesbaden,
,stsd by Google
~ 495 --
LUGEMAN, HENDRICK. Fide LAGEMAN supra. Dutch Medallist,
born in 1765, died in 181 6.
LUGOL, L. (FrencF)- Editor of a medal of V. Haiiy, Societe Inter-
nationale pour I'am^lioration dn sort des aveugles.
LUISDEFER, ROBIN DE (French). Mint- engraver ar Angers, before
1451.
LtJLLIK, JEAN ANTOINE (Swiss). In conjunction with David
Camp, LuUin undertook for the city of Geneva a coinage of Diiciits,
on 34. September 1692. These are signed C, L,
BiisLioGRAPHY. — Demok, op. cil.
L0MLEY (Brit.). Author of a Portrait-medallion of D'' E. J. Hop-
kins, of London (Amer. Jotirn. Num., 660).
LUND, FRIEDRICH (Genu.)- Mint-master at Nuremberg, 1374.
LUND, TROELS (Dan.). Mint-master at Kongsberg, 1737-1769.
LUNDBERG. Fide LUNDERBERG,
L0NDE, JOHANN WILHELM (Germ.). Director of the Clausthal
Mint (Brunswick), 1807-1819.
LUSDEN, MICHEL VON (Germ.). Mint-master at Lubeck, 1309.
LUNDER, GABRIEL (Morweg.). Medallist ot the second half of the
eighteenth century; Dorn at Kongsberg (in Norway); resided for
some time at Nuremberg, then at Koenigsberg, and finally settled
at Copenhagen, where he was working from 1742 to 1782. His pro-
ductions are usually signed G. L, or G. L. F., but also L. One of the
most artistic is his Portrait-medal of the ecclesiastic Johann Meyer,
superior of Sr. Lorenz, at Nuremberg.
BiBLiOGRAfHY. — Amnion, op. cit. — Bolzenthal, op. cit. — I. V. KuU,
LOMDERBERG, LAWRENCE D. (Svjed.). Medallist of the end of the
eighteenth century and early part of the nineteenth. He resided at
Stockholm, and is the author of some medals : Charles (afterwards
Earl) Grey, M. P., 1801 (signed : LONDERBERG); — Medal of the
Historical and Archaeological Society ofSweden, 1801; —Return
ofKing Charles XIII. from the Riksdag at Orebro, i8. October 18 10;
— New year's Medalet (1800); — D' Lorenz Gabriel Branting; —
D' Frans Joaquim von Aken, apothecary, of Orebro, Sweden ; —
D'^ Abraham Baeck, of Stockholm; — Bengt Ferrner, astronomer,
&c.
,stsd by Google
- 4S6 -
Lunderberg was probably born in 1749; he died alter i8ro. His
medals date from 1797 to iSio,
BiBLioGHAPHV. — "Weber, MnUils & Medalliotis, &c. — Hildebiaiid, o/i. dl. —
Bolzemhal', op. cit.
LXINDGREK, LUDWIG PETERSSEN (Swed.). Medallist of the first
half of the nineteenth century, and Mint-engraver at Stockholm,
circ. 1818-1853. He died about 1854, the year in which his daugh-
ter, Leah Ahlborn, succeeded to his post at the Mint, and he was
born towards the end of the eighteenth century.
Besides engraving dies for the coinage of King Oscar I., Lund-
gren produced a large number of medals, some of which rank very
high among contemporaneous works. They are signed in various
forms : L. P. L. ; — P. L.; — L, P. LXJMDGREN F. or PEG. ; — PEHR
LUNDGREKF. ; — LUNDGREKF.; or PEHR LDNDGREM INV, ET FEC.
Hildebrand describes the following: Coronation of Charles XIV.
I Riks Species of Osc^r I., by I,
John, 1S18 ; — ^Medal of the Royal Academy of Sciences, Centen-
ary, 1839 (I^.' by Frumerie); — 25''' Anniversary of King
Charles XIV. John's Reign, 1843; — Another, REG.ACADE-
MIAR.HOLM. &c.; — Another, HAUD DIMINUTO SPLEN-
DORE; — Death of King Charles XIV. John, 8. March, and
Burial, 26. April, 1844; — Medals for Civil Merit, with bu.st of
Charles XIV. John (sev. var.) ; — Medal for Acts of Courage, Life-
saving, &c. (sev, var.); — Prize Medals for Useful Discoveries ;
— Reward Medals for Faithful Services (sev, var.) ; — Prize Medal
of the Royal Agricultural Society of Sweden; — Medal of the Royal
Military Academy of Sweden; — Medal of the Royal College of
Medicine; — Iron-trade Companies established under government
authority ; — Prize Medal of the town of Vexio for assistance
against accidents, fire, &c. ; — Portrait-medal .of Charles XIV.
./Google
- 497 —
John (uniface); — Portrait-medal of King Charles XIV. John and
Queen Desideria, and Koyal Family, 1841 ; — Coronation of
Charles XIV. John at Drontheim, 7. September, 1818 (2 var.);
— 25"' Anniversary of the King's Coronation, 1843 ; — Norwe-
gian Prize Medal for Civil Merit ; — Medals of the K.oyal Norwe-
Sian Society of Sciences (sev, var.) ; — Coronation of Q.ueen Desi-
eria at Stockholm, 11. August 1829; — Coronation of King
Oscar I. and Queen Josephina at Stockholm, 38. September 1844;
— Centenary of Lund Cathedral, 1845 ; — Erection of a statue to
Charles XIV. John at Norrkoping, 1846; — Centenary of the
Mining Company founded by King Frederick I., 1847 ; — Centen-
ary of the three oldest Kniglicly Orders, 1848; — Visit of King Oscar
to the Royal Mint, 29. December 1851; — Medals for Military
Merit; — Medals for Civil Merit, with bust ot Oscar I. (sev. var.);
— Numerous Medals for Academies, Societies, Colleges, Exhibi-
tions, &c. ; — 'Memorial Medals and Medalets of Queen Josephina ;
— Prince Charles's first Visit to Skane, 1836; — The Crown
Prince Charles as Chancellor of Upsal University, 1844; ~ Mar-
riage of the Crown Prince Charles with Louise, Princess of the
Netherlands, 19. June 1850; — VLsit of the Crown Prince and
Princess to the Royal Mint, 26. March 1852; — Prize Medal for
Arts and Literature, with ' busts of Charles XV. and consort (sev.
var.); — Various Prize Medals of Crown Prince Charles; — Por-
trait-medal of Edmund Gammal, &:c.
By Lundgren are further : Medal struck in 1843 at Stockholm by
the Grand Lodge to commemorate the Quarter Centennial of
Charles XIV. John's reign ; — Coming of age of the Crown Prince
Oscar, 1817; — Magnus Brahe, Swedish general, f 1844; —
Jenny Lind, the famous singer (sev. var.), 1848; — Jacobus
J, Berzelius, chemist, 1848; — Eric Gustav Geijer, historian; —
D' Nils Gabriel Sefstrom, of Stockholm, 1835,; — 'D'' Charles Tho-
mas Jackson, of Boston (medal presented by the Xing of Sweden for
his discovery of anaesthesia); — D'' Christophe'r Carlander, of
Stockholm, 1858; — D' Peter von Afzelius, of Upsala (2 var. of
1821 and 1835); — D"' Arvid Flenrik Florman, of Lund, 1851 ; —
D' Olaf Rudbeck, of Upsala, 1702; — Emmanuel Swedenborg,
1852, &c.
BiBUOGKAPHY. — H. W. Singer, JUgmneines Kimstkr-Lexikon, 1898. — ■ Hilde-
brand, oj>. cil. — Thovwn Calalogue.
LUNDTHER, or LINDNER ABBAHAM {Germ.). Mint-master at Hall i.
Tyrol, 1611-1613.
LUNEL, PIERRE DE(Frm;^). Mint-engraver at Niort, was appointed
at La Rochelle, in 1422, where he appears to have been employed
until 1425.
L. FoKBKii, — BmirupliiialNalkelofMidaliiili.—m. ]1
./Google
LUMEN, HERBART VON (Germ.'). A native of Oldenburg, and
Mint-engraver at Dresden, circ. 1605-1616, and Medallist there
until about 1626. He signed his productions H. V. L. or H. V. I,. F.
The coins issued at Dresden between 1605 and 1616 are mostly
the work of this Engraver, who was succeeded in i6r6 by Ruprecht
Niclas Kilsikatz, and among his medals are : Medal of John George I.,
Prince Elector of Saxony, obv. PRO LEGE ET GREGE. Prince
on horseback ^L. SCOPVS VIT^ ME/E CHRISTVS (signed :
H. v. L.); — Small gold Medal, dated 1612, of the same Prince, on
the first Vicariate; — Medal on the second Vicariate, 161^ (iUus-
of John George !., 1619,
hated) ; — Another, on the same event ^. Inscription in 12 lines:
D.G I lOHANN.GEORG. | etc. ; — Medal on the beginning of
the campaign against Lausiiz and Silesia, 1620; — Another, larger,
on the same event.
Bibliography, — Julius u. kVotrt ErhiXma, Erortenmgen auj dan GebieU dsr
sdchsischen Miln^- und MidailUn-Guchichte, Dresden, 1888.
LOMGERBERGER, JOHARH {Swed.). Mint-engraver at St. Peters-
burg, aVc. 1730-1745 (w'lie Schlickeysen-Pallmann).
LV,NF. Tii^e LUDWIG NEUFAHRER. German Medallist, «Vc. 153O-
1535- <
LOPICINI, VINCENZO DI GIOVANNI (Ital). A Florentine artist,
whom Gaetano Milancsi supposes to have been the author of a
medal, signed : V. G, L. F. F., of Faustina Sforza wife of Marquis
Caravaggio Muzio, obv, FAVSTINA. SFORTIA, MARCH, CARA-
>sted by Google
VAGII.V.G L.F.F. Bust to r. of Faustina Sforza ; no ^L. Tlic
date of this medal is about 1560.
Bibliography. — Arraand, op. cit.
LURIUS AGRIPPA, P. {Rom.). Mint-tnaster (Triumvir moneialis)
at Rome, circ. B.C. 12.
LlinSSEN, EDUARO (Germ.). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist
of Berlin, wiio in 1880, modelled a Portrait-medal of D'Friedricli
Wohler, chemist of Gottiiigen, -f 22. Sept. 1882. The medal,
which is signed : OP. ED. LURSSEN. i88o, was struck on Wohler's
80''' Birthday. Another Portrait-medal by this artist is that of Prot.
Carl MiillenhofE, of Kiel, 1878. '
ITJSIGNU, JACOPO (iifl/.). .Sculptor of Livorno, during the first
half of the sixteenth century, is mentioned by Bolzenthal, as deserv-
ing a place amongst medallists.
LDSSAHLT, MATHURIN (French). Goldsmith of Paris, circ. 155 1.
According to M, Bordeaux, he was probably commissioned by
Queen Mary Stuart to engrave two puncheons in copper " ouvrcz
,et marqueim" for 10 Sols,
Vide P. Bordeaux, Jetons et lipreuves de Monnaies jrappies pour
Marie Stuart, 1906.
LUSSON, GUILLAUME (French). First President of the Cour des
Monnaies, 1624.
LUSSY, GOSTAVE (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Paris,
pupil of M. Fourquet. At the Salon of 1890 he exhibited a bronze
medalhon, " Les pkisirs de la ronde ", He is the author of
numerous Portrait-medallions in bronze.
LUSTER, CHRISTIAN (Dan.). Medallist and Coin -en graver, a
native of Denmark, entered into the service of the Engraving
Department at the Mint of Rio de Janeiro on i. March 1855, and
was appointed officially to the post of Engraver by special decree
of the Finance Minister, on 17. December 1863. A further decree,
dated II. August 1869, named him Chief-engraver to the Mint.
Ltister was considered as a very intelligent and clever artist and
an indefatigable worker. He was decorated wit4 the Imperial Order
of the Rose. He died after a painful illness on 17. May i^yr.
The following is afairly complete list of Luster's works, which are
indifferently signed : C. L. ; — C. L. F.; — LUSTER ; — LUSTER F. ;
— LUSTER G.; — C, LUSTER F.;~CHR. LUSTER F. I owe this list
and all the biographical details about this artist to the kindness and
,stsd by Google
courtesy of Herr Julius Meili, who i;
in the preparation of a work entitled :
at the present time engaged
"Die auf BrasiHen bezugllch-
en Medaillen ", intended as
on the coinage of Brazil.
t to his preceding
PUNCHEONS FOR COINS OF THE EMPIRE OF BRAZIL
Fide Julius Meili, Die Mtm:(en des tinabhiingigen Brasilkn, 1905.
863. Pattern for a new type of the silver 2000 Reis piece; signed :
LOSTER F. (PI. XXXV, no 225). This work which is well designed
and carefully executed, shows a decided improvement on former
types and the superior ability of the Engraver.
3 Reis, 1863, by Luster.
,/ Google
— SOI —
1867-1869, Adaptation of the approved type to the denominations of 2000, 1000,
500, and :;oo Reis (PI. XXXVI, op^ 229-232) ; signed : LuSTER F.
.on the two larger values, and C.L. on the lesser,
1868-1870. Adaptation of a similar type for the bronze coins of 20 and 10 Rcis
(PI. XXXVII, n°i 235-234); signed : C.L.
Luster's name has been preserved on the dies of the silver 2000 Reis pieces
dated 1875 and 1876 {PI. XXXVIII, nf 259).
PUNCHEONS FOR BRAZILIAN MEDALS SIGNED BY THE ARTIST
Fide Julius Meili, Die anf das Kaiserrekh Brasilien he^iiglkhen
Medaiilen, 1890.
26. Sept. 185^. Cav. S. Thalberg. - 186
17, Nov. 1856. VisittotheMintofthe Princesses D^kabel .
and D^ Leopoldina. 28
i8i8. Foundation of the new Mint buildings. loO
20. March 1S58. Inauguration ofthe Don Pedro II. RaUwiiy
(^. by Carneiro). 101
The reproduction in Meili is erroneous as the obv. of this medal should be that
given under N" 99.
1858. The Empress, as protectress of abandoned
18-^59. Obv. Homage to the tenorMirate(Iil. by ' I bust
FehppeNery da Costa Ferreira). 187 ; ofthe 1
18 ^ 60. Ohv. Homage to .the music director Fran- I Empress
Cisco Manoel daSilva(^. by Carneiro). 188 '
Prize Medal of the Academy of Fine Arts
(Iji. by Carneiro). 166 large size.
Another similar. 1^7 stnall size.
Exhibition of the Academy of Fine Arts, 168 large size.
Another, similar. 169 small size.
Inauguration of the Imperial Docks at Kio
de Janeiro (I^. by Carneiro). 102
First National Exhibition at Rio de Janeiro,
Commemorative medal. 60
Similar ; Prize Medal (^. signed :E.R.S.
Eleutrio Ribeiro Sampaio), 61
Provincial Exhibit! on at J uizdeF)ira(Minas), 72
Provincial Eshibilion at Ooro Preio 1 Bust of
(MInas); IJi. by Carneiro. 71 f the Emperor
Another, similar, 75 1 as on no 72
Campaign in Uruguay {a pattern).
(i860),
(i860),
(i860),
(i860).
ii.Sept. 1861
1861.
(1 86a).
1870.
1864-1865,
,-20
»ilar:
Similar, oval (also a pattern).
To the Army and Navy for their 'Successes,
Prize Medal of the second National Exhi-
bition at Rio de Janeiro (i", a-d, and
3rd classes). =
Prize medal of the Provincial^Exhibiiion
at Pernambuco (^, by Carneiro),
LUSTER G,
(gravou).
, Google
will be
reproduced
in Mr. Meili's
forthcoming
book.
— 502 —
8. April 1866. Christening of the Emperor's gr:iiid-son,
Don Pedro. }4
1867. Calendar with dates referring to Brazilian
history. J 5
29. July 1869. Christening of the Emperor's grand-son,
Don JosS. ii
1871. Marshal Gastoa d'Orleans, Comte d'Eu,
Victor ofPirebehuhy and CampoGrande.
Undated Religious medal ; Pieta IJi. Laurel- wreath.
and without Uniface ; Bust of D'' Azredo Coutinlio,
inscriptions Director of the Rio Mint.
Although ^gned by LQster, the medals of the Provincial Exhibitions at Pernam-
buco in 1872 and 1875 are not by the artist, who was then dead, but u-trc struck
ttoni old dies by him.
The following unsigned medals are ascribed to Christian Liisier by Mr. Meili :
iS ^ S4. Visit to the Mint of the Emperor Don
Pedro II.
(i8)5). Life saving Medal (iow Ihy neighbour a;
thysd/). 204
(18;;). Religious Medal, Confraternity of the S.
Altar Sacrament of Marica (Province
of Rio de Janeiro). 207
18 '^ 59. Visit to the Mint of the Archbishop of
Athens, M. F. Antoniacci. 91
18 I 59. Arrival ol Their Imperial Majesties at
(1862). Prize Medal of the Elementary Public
Schools, 223
18 '-^ 64. Visit to the Mint of the Emperor, Princess
Imperial and her consort. 31
18 fj6s. Visit 10 the Mint of the Due dePenthi^vres
(obv. by Carneiro). jj
18 ^68. VisittotheMintofthePrincesDonFelippe
and Augusta (^L. by Carneiro).
18 g 69. Visit to the Mint of Prince Don Felippe
(Ri. by Carneiro). 38
18 I 70, Cross for the Paraguay War. 129
Bibliography. — Information kindly supplied by Mr. Julius Meili, oj Zurich
(Swil^erlani).
LUTEGER (Germ.). 'Sculptor at Altenburg', as he calls himself,
cut dies for many Thuringian and neighbouring mints, from 1 160
to 1 190. He was employed at the mint of Altenburg, which was
very active under King Frederick Barbarossa (1152-1192). The die-
cutter Fuvitiger appears at about the same time at Saalfekl. Luteger's
name occurs on Bracteates : LVTEGER ME FECIT.
Bibliography. — D'H. Buchenau, Bracteaten fund von Seega, Marburg, 1905.
LTJTIGER, FRANZ (Swiss). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Lucerne (Switzerland); pupil of the School for Industrial Arts of
Geneva, and Prof Salmson and Jerdelet. At the Salon of 1892 he
exhibited a medallion in chased silver representing "Dawn".
./Google
— 503 —
LUTHT(5u'iJ-5). Sculptor of Berne, who in 1886, submitted designs
for the proposed new coinage of 5 Franc pieces. His obv, presented
a standing figure of Helvetia, holding sword in one hand, and olive-
branch in the other.
LUTMA, JAN (Dutch'). Goldsmith and Engraver of the seventeenth
century; born about 158431 Groningen, died at Amsterdam, 1669 ;
a pupil of Paulus van Vianen. He is said to have contributed to
medallic art, but none of his productions in that branch have been
recognized so far.
LUTMA, JAN FILIUS (Dutch). Goldsmith and Engraver, born at
Amsterdam in 1605 or 1609, died there in 1685. His engravings
are numerous and of very fine execution remarks Mr. Grueber,
"but his initials occur on one medal only. " It is on a commemo-
rative medal of the Peace of Breda, 1667, signed on obv. OAL or
lOANL. An oval medal, representing on one side a half-length
figure of Admiral Martin Herp. Van Tromp between the initials
F — L (Fiiius Lutmd) is also by this artist, and another medal by
Lutma jun'' is preserved at The Hague Museum; it is a portrait-
piece of his father, Jan Lutma de oude (De Vries & De Jonghe, I,
PI. VI, 4); and by him are further Portrait-plaques of the poets
Vondel, Hoofc, and his own.
Bibliography. — Bokenthal, op. cii. — Calali^is, Sec. — Franks & Grueber,
op, cit. I, p. 529. — Mss. Catalogue of Mr. H. Montagu's Medal Calkclwii. —
Singer, Allgemeines KiimtUr-Lex&ion.
LUTTMER (Germ.'). Mint-engraver at Danzig, circ. 1760.
LUTWTCHE, WILLIAM (Brit.'). A Birmingham Die-sinker and
Manufacturer of tokens, towards the end of the eighteenth century
and during the early years of the nineteenth. He issued large
quantities of Tokens for tradesmen all over the country, as well as
for himself. We read in Davis' Token Coinage of Warwickshire, p. 24
that "he issued over two tons of his private pieces, on which a
large and unjustifiable profit was made. The extent of the fraud on
the public was great, for it was afterwards discovered that manu-
facturers were supplied with tokens to pay the wages of workmen,
at the rate of 3 6/ face value for 20/. This ill-gotten wealth did not
satisfy those who trafiicked in it, as tons of imitation pieces were
also struck, of only half their proper weight."
We meet with the names of the Engravers Arnold, Dixon, Jacobs,
James, Ponthon, and P. Wyon on Lutwyche's issues of the end of
the eighteenth century and early part ot the nineteenth, which
comprise Lutwyche's own tokens ; — Pidcock's Royal Menagerie
Tokens; — Tokens of various dates for Appledore, Aylesbury,
,stsd by Google
— 504 —
Bakers, Banbury, Bath, Beccles, Bcnendeii, Birmingham, Brighton
Camp, Brighton, Bristol, Bungay, Bury, Bnrni Island, Canterbury,
Chelsea, Chesham, Cinque Ports, Covenivy, Deal, Devizes, Dun-
kirlc. East Grinstead, Falmouth, Feversham, Glasgow, Hastings,
Hawkehurst, Hereford, Holt, Hoxae, Kendal, Kent, London
(numerous issues), Maidstone, Manchester, Northiam, Norwich,
Perth, Plymouth, Poole, Romney, Sandwich, Sleaford, Staplehurst,
Sussex, North Wales, Warwickshire, West Cowes, Westminster,
Wiltshire, Winchelsea, Woodbridge, Yeovil, York, etc.
One of Lutwyche's Tokens, engraved by James, commemorates
the War with France, 1794, and has on obv. a bust of Fox; another,
is a Masonic Penny Token of the Prince of Wales, 1795.
Bibliography. — Pye, Provhioial Coins, etc. — Atkins, Tradesmen's Tokens oj
the eighteenth century. — Davis, op. cit.
LTITZ, GEORG (Germ.). Mint-warden to the city ot Kempten,
1623.
LUTZ, HANS (Germ.). Mint-master at Ratisbon, 1525. He was
succeeded by his widow, who was in office from 1536 to 1538.
LUTZ, JOHAHN (Germ.). Mint-master at Kempten (Hochstift),
1623.
LtJTZ, J. (Swiss). Mint-engraver at Calcutta, 1863-1S74, and again
appointed, i, November 1875, and in office until 1884,
LUTZ, JOHANN GEORG (Swiss). Engraver of the ^. of a rare
medal of Strassburg, published by Herr Julius Feist, in Revue suisse
de numismalique, 1892, p. ir6. The obv. is by Fechter of Basle,
the 1^. is signed JOHANN GEORG LUTZ FEC. and presents a view
of the city. The medal belongs to the first halt of the seventeenth
century.
LUTZELBDRGER, HANS (Germ.). Modeller of South Germany,
circ. 1524. He is said to have signed his productions H. L. F.
LUXDMON, ANANDRAE (Ind.). Mint-engraver at Bombay,
appointed in 1904.
LUXUMOH, KAGHUNATH (Ind.). Mint-engraver at Bombay, 1867-
1891.
LUZE (Swiss). A citizen and banneret of Neuchatel, who in 1776,
had three medals engraved, at his own cost, by Jonas Thi^baud, for
presentation as School Prizes. Fide Musee Neuchatelois, 1893,
P- 243-
,stsd by Google
LVOF, GREGOR (Rnss.). Mint-master at St. Petersburg, 1797,
whose issues are signed f. A-
L. W. Vide LEOPOLD WEBER (sometimes called LIPPOLD WEFER).
Mint-master at Clausthal, 1640-1674,
L. W. Vide LUDWIG WAGNER. Medallist at Stuttgart, 179S-1845.
Also I. L. W.
L. W, Vide LEOPOLD WIENER. Belgian Medallist of the second half
of the nineteenth century.
L. X. Vide LUCA XELL. Mint-master and Engraver at Guastalla,
1618-1622, and Parma, 1623-1629. His issues sometimes bear the
letters L. X.
L. Y. (Mmc). Engraver's initials on a Medal of Reward for
valour and fidelity, of the state of Puebla (Mexico), 1866.
Bibliography. — B. Belts, Mexican Imperial Coinage, 1899.
LTKOMEDES (Greek). A chalcedony intaglio of the Tyskiewicz
Collection, representing a female portrait, diademed, and probably
that of the first Cleopatra, with forehead surmounted by headdress
oflsis, is signed iHAHMO>IYA, and attributed to an ancient Gem-
engraver. This gem is reproduced in Fartw^-agler, Anlike Genimen,
PI. XXXII, 31, and also described in Gemmen mtt KUnstlerinschriften,
Jahrbuch, 1888, p. 206, PI. iii.
BiBLiOGKAFHY. — Biibeloii, op. cit. — Dareraberg-Saglio, art. Gemmae, p. (476.
LYCOS. Probably a fictitious signature on Poniatowski gems,
representing a Head of Charon; — Meleager presenting the head
of the wild boar to Atalanta ; — Pluto giving Peleus a sword ;
— Briseis lamenting the death of Patroclus; — Metabus dedicating
his infant daughter, Camilla, to Diana.
LYMBURNER (Canad.). Issuer of a Memorial Medal of Pope
Pius IX., 1878 (sev. var.), also one of the same Pontiff's 50"' Epis-
copal Anniversary, 1877. Vide Leroux, MedaiiUer dn Canada,
n"^ 1640-1642.
LYNCH,LYNCHEorLIMCHE, GERMAYNEor GERMYN (Brit.). Mint-
master for Ireland under Henry VI. and anni 1-13 of Edward IV.,
and Graver of the puncheons. He was granted a patent for the
coinage of Groats, Half-groats, Pennies, Halfpennies or Mailles,
and Farthings or Q.uadrantes, to be issued at the various mints of
DubUn, Cork, Drogheda, Limerick, Trim, Waterford, and
Wexford.
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Chaffers GUda AiLrifabroruw, p, 37, gives the following informa-
tion on Lynche: " German Lynche of London, Goldsmith, Warden
of the Mint, was elected Graver of the Puncheons for life (1460-
1483), Master and Warden of the King's Mints in his realm of
Irland within his castle of Dybelin, and he was authorized to strike
money for currency in Ireland, to make all manner ot puncheons,
irons, gravers, &c,, within the city of London, or elsewhere, as
should to him seem most speedful ",
Dublin Groat of Edward IV.
" Simon, on the autority of a manuscript in the Library of
Trinity College, Dublin, states that in 1472, Germyn Lynch was
indicted for making light groats at Drogheda. But, independent of
this authority, there is evidence in the Act of 1471, that Lynch
had been deprived of his office of Master of the Mint, for on the
eighteenth of October, in the tenth year of his reign (1470),
William Crunye and Thomas Barby, merchants, were by letters
patent constituted masters of the coinage; and in 1473, it was
ordered, that Germyn Lynch be Master of the Mint during good
behaviour.
" It is reasonable to suppose, that Lynch, being restored to his
office, would be annous to adhere more strictly to the provisions
of the Statutes ; and as so many frauds had been committed in the
coinage, he probably adopted the letter G as his privy mark; and I
find chat the Groitswlth this mark on them are remirkable for the
uniformity of their weight, and correspond pretty closely with the
standard fixed in 1473. Lynch's coins are more numerous than the
other varieties, which, with few exceptions, do not appear to be
regulated by any standard". (D' Smith, op. cit., p. 29).
BiBLioGitAPHY. — Ruding, op. cit. — Grueber, Handbook &c.— D' Aqiiil.i
Smith, Irish Coins oj Edward IV., 1839. — Chaffers, o/". cil.
LYNG, GASPER HENDRIK (Dan.) of Altona ; Mint-master at
Copenhagen, 1783-1797, and before that, from 1771 to 1783, at
Altona. His issues are usually signed : C. H. L.
LTNG, TRDELS (Dan.). Mint-master at Kongsberg, 1737-1770.
Usually called TROELS LUND. His initials T. L. occur on some of his
issues.
Bibliography, — Schlickey sen- Kallmann, op. cit. — Nagkr, Monogrammisten,
V, 753.
,,Goot^lc
LTOKET,JAME (French). Mint-master at Mont^limar, under
Louis XL, before September 1483.
LTR, JACOB. (GfirjK.).Mint -engraver at Coiogue, 1678-1649, to the
Westphatian District. His coins are signed I. L.
LYSANDER or LYSANDROS. A scarabeus in the Volterra Museum
bears the inscription AY2ANAPOj which is evidently tlie owner's
name, and not an Engraver's signature.
LYSIPPUS (Jifl/.). Medallist of the second half of the fifteenth
century; a nephew of Cristoforo di Geremia. Friedliinder was the
first to place his name among the medallists, and more recently
Herr von Fabriczy has been able to add several medals to the already
known list of his works.
Raphael of Volterra informs us that Lysippus was entrusted with
the execution of a medal of Pope Paul II, (■]• 1471), and as he
wrote at the beginning of the sixteenth century, we can fairly
Portrait-medal of Candida, by Lysippus.
accept his assertion . He however does not give any further infor-
mation about this artist, and under the medals of Sixtus IV. none
may be attributed to him with any reasonable grounds. Fohunately,
continues Von Fabriczy, two of bis signed productions have been
traced; the one is a Portrait-medal of Giulio Marasca (reproduced
on a print of 1610); and the other, also a Portrait-medal, of
Marinus Philethicns, a poet and scholar, professor at the University
of Rome in 1475 (now in M. Prosper Valton, Armand's heirs
collection). The latter medal presents on oov. the laureated bust of
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Philethicus, and the 1^. a copy of the pehcan of Pisano's Victorino
da Feltre medal, accompanied by the legend in Greek : EPTON
LYlinnOY NEOTEPOY (the work of Lysippus the younger)..
By comparison with these authenticated works, the following
may be ascribed to Lysippus without much doubt : Giovanni Luigi
Toscani (6 var., some of which bear the signature L^ysippus)
P(ictor); — Giovanni Francesco Marasca; — Antonio aa Santa-
Maria ; — Francesco Massimo ; — Francesco Vitali ; — Partheniu.
(Ippolito Aurispa) ; — Pier Paolo Mellini ; — MiUtias Jesuallus.
These medals have all in common the same style and the preference
of- their author for Greek legends. Further they all represent person-
ages vijho officiated between 1473 and 1484 at the Curia as Abbre-
viatori, lUditori di cameria, Advocates and Notaries, and ihost of
them are young and garbed in similar costumes.
Portrait-medaL of Cardinal Rafiaele Riario, by Lysippus,
To Lysippus we may also ascribe two medals of Giovanni Can-
dida, who probably studied sculpture under him , — on one of
them, whicii is preserved in the Este Museum at Modena, he is
depicted as a youth,, and apparently as a pupil of an ecclesiastical
seminary; on the larger one, which belongs to M. G. Dreyfuss,
(illustrated), and which is of oval shape, we see him still in clerical
garb. Both pieces, observes Von Fabriczy, and especially the last,
belong, for the ingenuousness of the conception and softness of the
modelling to the gems of Quattro Cento medallic art.
From the similarity of siyle as well as from the testimony of
Rafael da Volterra, who informs us that Lysippus vas working for
Pope SixtusIV., we may still further consider as the work of this
artist the medal of Raffaele Riario, the Pope's nephew, who was
raised in 1478 at the age of 17 to the dignity of a cardinal. The !^
of this medal represents St George on horseback spearing the
Dragon, an allusion to the cardinal's title of San Giorgio in Velabro.
And closely connected with this medal is that of Gatalano Cosali
,,C.oo(^lc
(a later Proton orarius) of the same year, which occurs sometimes
with the ^ of the Riario medal, and displays again the same
characteristics of treatment.
To the above list of Lysippus's productions, D'Bode', in his
review of C, Von Fabriczy's Medaillen der Italienischen Renaissance,
has been able to add the following : Dioniede Caraffa (illustrated) ;
G. L. '1 oicani, by Lysippus.
■ — Girolarao QUagrano (with arms on ^L) ; — ■ CacaUuio Cosali, a
Bolognese, 1478 ; — Fabricp' Varano ; — and probably also Gabriel,
Cardinal San Prassede, with a, Greek legend :"'kAAON fEPONTA
■njedal of Dioraedc Caraffa, by Lysippus.
KAITAAAHNHN MA0EIN; — also the larger medal -of Giovanni
Aurispa (iji arms), which was formerly attributed to Pisanello, &c.
I. D" Bod^, Zar mueslen Forschiiii^ auf dent GeUete der italienhchen MedailUn-
kunde, Zcilsdiriil fiir bildende Kunst, 190;, p. 41.
aedb, Google
— sio —
Lysippus was a Mantuan, according to Armand, but it is remark-
able cliat most of the personages he has depicted are of Neapolitan
origin, many of them having belonged to the Roman Curia.
Both Friedlander and Armand have given to this artist the
medal of Sixtus IV., but later writers have not confirmed this
attribution.
The style of Lysippus is often dry, and as a rule the reverses are not
of exceptional merit. He was greatly surpassed by his pupil Giovanni
de Candida, and D' Bode says : " Weit bedeutender als Lysipp,
der regelmassig trocken ist und auf komponierte Riickseiten sich
nicht einlasst, ist sein Schiiler Giovanni Candida aus vornehmen
Neapler Geschlecht ".
On the IJi- of the medal of Giulio Marasca, the artist signs
himself: LYSIPPVS AMICO OPTIMO. This medal is reproduced in
Petavius Pa P. in Francor. curia comilia : auliquariae supellecHlis
portiuncula Parisius, 1610.
Bibliography. — Friedliinder, Dk lialimischcn Schivmuiv^en, Berlin, 1882. —
Armand, Lss MidaiUairs italiens, 1883-1887. — C. Von Fabriczy, op. cit. —
Blanchet, op. cit. — Rwiie uumhmcUiqm, 1903, p. 199. — D' Bode, /. c. —
Merzbacher, Kunsl-MedaiUen-Katalc^yiMmchtu, 1900.
LYSLE, ANDRfi DE {French). Goldsmith of Lyons, ^fVc. 15 38-1 549.
He was Engraver at the Mint of Grenoble in 1540 and 1541, and
Warden of the Mint from 1541 to IJ49. He signed -.Andride lysle.
BiBLJOGRAPHY. — Rondot, Orftvres lyonnais, — Rondot ec De La Tour, op. dt.
L. Z. FiWe LEVIN ZERNEMAMI (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Clausthal
and Brunswick, 1678-1690.
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M. fji^e MICHAEL MARTENS. Mill :-m aster at Wisniar, 1622-1623.
M. Vide MAXKIENLEN. Mini-master at UIid, 1635-1639. Also
M. E.
M. Vide HIERONYMUS MULLER. Mint-master at Augsburg, 1494-
1515.
M. Fide HEINRICH MULLER. Mint-master at Nuremberg, circ.
1615-1616.
M. Vide 1. C. MiJLLER. Medallist at Stuttgart, 1670-1695. Also
1. C. M.
M, Vide B. MULLER, Miiit-engravcr at Ulm, 1671-1706. Also
B. M.
U. Vide ANTON MEYBUSCH. Medallist at Stockholm and Copen-
hagen, circ. 1675-1701. Also A. M. His son, of the same name,
worked in Sweden, during the second quarter of the eighteenth
century, and also usually signed his productions, M.
M. Vide PHILIP HEINRICH MULLER. Medallist at Nuremberg, and
Augsburg; died in 1718. Also P. H. M.
H. Vide G. W. METELLES. Medallist at Konigsberg in Prussia,
lyil-i-ji^. Also G. W, M.
M. VideC.E. MULLER. Medallist at Augsburg, 1717-1741. Also
O.E. H.
M. Vide F. MARL. Medallist at Berlin, first half of the eighteenth
century. Also F. M.
M. Vide?. MARTEAU. Medallist at Paris, 1720-1749. Also F. M.
M. Videl. C. MARMfi. Medallist at Cleves, arc. 1735-1757- Also
I.e. M.
M. Vide MAHRENHOLZ. Mint-engraver at Brunswick, circ. i-j^z.
M. Vide I. F. MULLER. Mint-engraver at Ansbach, 1758-1766.
Also I. F. M.
M. r/f/e I. MELLINGER. Mint-master at Zwcibriicketi, 1758-1769.
Also I. M.
M, VideC. MOTTA, Mint-eograver at Geneva, circ. 1770.
Hosted by Google
-- $!2 —
M. Fide F. X. MATZENKOPF. MedalHsi: and Mint-engraver at
Salzburg, circ. 1738; the son, drc. 1755 ; and the grand-son, circ.
1790-1814. Also F. M. or F. X. M.
M. Fide MAXEN. Mint-engraver at Ahona, 1788-1799.
M. Fide P. L. MAGIUS. Mint-master at Clausthal, 1792-1802.
Also P. L. M.
H. F/rfsMAURISSET. Medallist at Paris, drc. 1790-+ 1825.
H. Fide JOHN MILTON. Medallist in England, end of the eighteenth
centuiy and early part of the nineteenth. Also I. M. F.
M. Fide G. F. MICRAELIS. Mint-master at Clausthal, 1802-1807.
Also G. F. M.
M. FideUE^ER. Mint-master at Danzig, 1808-1812.
M. Fi'iieHEINRICH LUDWIG MAASS. Medallist at Hanover, circ.
1816-1831.
M. Fide C. A, MOLLER. Mint-engraver ai Copenhagen, and
Medallist there, after 1813.
M. Fide MIDDELTHUN. Medallist at Kongsberg, after 1819.
M. Fide C. A. IHUHLE. Medallist at Copenhagen, second quarter
of the nineteenth century.
M. Fide HANS MliliLER, Mint-master at Koenigsberg, 1661-1666.
Bibliography. — Schlickeyscn-Pallmann, op. cil.
M. (Greek). This signature, which probably represents the abbre-
viated form of MOAOIZOI, occurs on the obv. of a didracbm of
Thurium (illustrated).
The ^. of this piece is signed M0A02202 (vide infrd).
The reproduction is from a specimen in the British Museum
Collection (B. M. Cat., Italy, p. 292, n" 59).
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M. (GeriH.). SigLiature of an unknown Mint-master at Sagan, in
Wallcnstein's service, 1629; perhaps identical with the one who
signed V. M. on Groschl of 1625.
M. Signature of an unknown Engraver, by whom is a commem-
orative medal of the Peace of Passarowitz, 1718, reproduced in
Domanig, Porlrdt-tiiedaillen, &c.. n" 251.
M. or M B (M D) {Ital.). Signature of an unknown Medallist, who
was working ^t Rome, circ. 1585. It occurs on a struck Portrait-
medal of Pope Sixtus v., dated 1588 (Armand I., 294 ; III, 141).
A. M. Vide ANTOK MEYBUSCH. German Medallist, who worked
principally at Copenhagen and Stockholm, i6j6--[ 1701. His signa-
ture occurs also as A. M. F. ; A. MB F., or AMB. F., and he spelt his
name variously, MEIBUS, MAIBUS, MEIBUSCH, &c.
A. M. Vide ALEXEI MALEJEFF. Mint-master
1818.
A. M. Vide ANDREAS MEVIUS. Mint-master ;
1830.
A. M. Vide ANDREA MORELLO. Mint-master at
1565.
A. M. Vide ALOYSIO MODANA. Mint-master
A. M. Vide A. MINOTTO. Mint-master at Cattaro, 1567-1569.
A. M. Fide ALOYSIO MARCELLO. Mint-director at Venice, under
the Doge Giovanni Cornaro, 1624-1629.
A. M. Vide JOHANN ANSELM MUNCH. Mint-master at Frankforc-
on-Main, 1636-1643.
A. M. Fide A. MERTENS. Medallist at Bcdin, 1851-1871.
A. M. F. Vide ANTONIO MONTANTI. Medallist at Florence and
Rome, circ. 1710-1714; died in 1740.
Bibliography. ^- Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cil.
A. M. Perhaps ANTON MOLL. The signature A. M. occurs on a
Breslau medal of 1777, the work of which has much similarity with
that on the commemorative medal of the Battle of Kollin,
signed A. MOLL.
AM (Germ.'). Signature of a MedaUis: of the middle of the
seventeenth century. It occurs, in raised letters, on the 1^. of a
It Koliwan,
1812-
t Koliwan,
1821-
Cham Wry,
1563-
at Cattaro,
1528-
atdb, Google
small oval Portrait-badge of the Count Palatine, Charles Louis,
dated 1649 (Berlin Museum ; illustrated'). Of the same year, and
probably by the same 1 aid js i 1 i^e medil ftith similar bust,
and ^L. Hope.
Bibliography. Eiinan D I I Me! II ^ 7
B. M. Fide BERTHOLD MEINHART Mmt n 1 ter at Eisleben, 1582-
1595 ; he officiated at the same time for the Prince of Anhalt and
the Archbishop of Magdeburg.
B. M. Vide BERTHOLD MEIER. Mint-engraver at Copenhagen, circ.
1688 ; Warden of the Mint at DSmitz, 16S9, and Mint-master at
Schwerin, 1696-1702.
B. M. Fide BARTHOLOMATIS MULLER. Mint-engraver at Dim,
1671-1706.
Bibliography. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cil.
B. M. Vide MARTINEZ. Spanish Medallist of the last quarter of the
eighteenth century, and author of a Proclamation-medal of
Charles IV., 1789.
B. M. F^i(fc BARTHOLOMfi MAURA YMONTASER. Director of the
Casa de Monedas of Madrid, since 1S93.
B. M. (Ital.). This signature occurs on a plaque, in gilt bronze,
with a circular medallion, in which a half-figure of Lucretia stab-
bing herself; on either side, youthful tritons. Also on a bronze
Medallion, with seated nude figure and two Cupids ; inscription :
lEMNHKAOriA.
Bibliography. — E. Fortnum, Bronzes in llie South Kmsingion Museum, 1876.
iiosBdb, Google
C. M. Fide CHRISTIAN MALER. Medallist nt Nuremberg, circ.
1604-1640. Also C. MAL.
C. M. Vide CONRAD MARQUARD. MiiiMiiasier at Nordhauseii,
1624.
■ C. M. /^/ii(^CASPARO MOLD. Mint-engraver and Medallist at Rome,
circ. 1625-1669.
C. M. Vide CORNELIUS MELDE. Mint-master at Dresden, 1635.
C. M, Vide CHRISTOPH MELCHIOR. Mint-master at Koenigsberg
in Prussia, 1646-1656.
C. M. Vide CONRAD MAIER. Mint-engraver at Ulm, 1633-1682.
C. M. Vide CHRISTOPH MULLER. Warden of the Mint at Dessau,
1693-1694, and Mlihlhausen, 1701 ; Mint-master at Eisenach,
1702-1715.
C. Jft. r/iie CHRISTIAN ERNST MDLLER. Medallist andMint-engravcr
at Augsburg, are. 1714-1741. AlsoCE.M. and C.H.M.
C. M. A large Portrait-medallion ofT. B. Macaulay (9.2 in. diam.),
dated 1S48, is thus signed.
C. M. or C. M. M. Vide CARL MAGNUS MELLGREN. Medallist at
Stockholm, second quarter of the nineteenth century.
C. M. C. P. CHRISTIAN MALER CVM PRIVILEGIO.
C. M. F. Fide C. MARTIN. French Medallist, cite. 1665-1680.
C. M. F. Fide CHARLES MOTTA. Medallist at Geneva, during the
second half of the eighteenth century.
C. M. F- Vide CARL MEISSNER. Medallist at St. Petersburg, circ.
1801-1810.
C. M. M. Vide CARL MAGNUS MELLGREN. Medallist at Stockholm,
1830.
BiBuoGRAPHY. -— Schlickeysen-PLillmanD, op. (it.
D. M. Vide DANIEL MEBES. Mint-master at Gerbstadl (Mansfeld),
1621-1623.
D. M. TiieDOMENICO MOLINO. Mint-master at Venice, 1625.
F. M.' i^ide FEDERIGO MOLINO. Mint-master at Venice, circ.
1630.
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F. M. TiWe FRANCESCO MOROSINI. Mitit-mastcr at Cattaro, 1608-
1610.
F. M. Vide FRIEDRICH MARL. Medallist at Berlin, circ. 1704-
t 1743-
F. M. Vide FRANgOIS MARTEAO. Medallist at Paris, 1720-1749.
F. M, Vide FRIEDRICH MAUL. Mint-master at Dusseldorf, 1738-
1741.
F. M. Vide FRANZ MATZEKKOPF. Medallist at Salzburg, circ. 17^8-
1755 ; his son, of the same name, circ. 1755-1796. Also F. M. K.
F. M. F. Vide FRANCESCO MOCCHI. Florentine Sculptor and
Medallist, f 1646.
F. M. R. Vide FRANCESCO MARIA RIZZI. Mint-master at Venice,
1786.
Bibliography. — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. ml.
F. M. (Austr.'). Signature on a commemorative medal of the
Siege of Ofen, 1686, the die of which is preserved at the Vienna
Mint Museum.
G. M. Vide GOTTFRIED MAINERT. Mint-engraver at Warsaw, born
in 1767, died in 1846.
G. M. VideGza^G MEINHART. Mint-master at E isle ben, Halle and
Stolberg, 1595-1615.
G. M. Vide GEORG MEINHOLT. Mint-master at Saalfeld, 1595-
1623.
G. M. Vide GASPARE MOLO. Swiss Medallist, who worked at Flo-
rence and Rome, circ. i6io-f 1669. Also G. M. F. or G. MOL.
G. M. Vide GOTTFRIED (WILHELM) METELLES. Medallist at Min-
den, circ. 1600-1711.
G. M. Vide GOTTHARD MARTINENGO. Mint-master at Coblence,
1762-1794.
G. M. Vide GEORG MICHAELIS. Mint-master at Clausthal, r8o3-
1807. Also G. F. M.
H. M. Vide CONRAD MUNT (Magdeburgensis). Mint-master at
Magdeburg, 1577-1594.
H. M, r/i^e HEINRICH MEYER. Mint-master at Barby, 1611-1615,
Magdeburg, 1617, and Konigssee, 1620.
./Google
— Jiy _
H. M. Fide HANS MULLER. Mint-master atKoenigsbergin Prussia,
1661-1666.
H. M. Vide HEKNING MTILLER. Mint-master at Sondershausen,
1675-1681 ; also at Ellrich, 1675-1678, and Gotha, 1681-1683.
H. M. Fidenxm MALMBERG, Mint-master at Stockholm, 1738-
1762.
H. M, Fide J. HANDMANN. Mint-engraver at Basle, arc. 1770-
1798.
H, M. Fide HEINRICH MEIDINGER. Director ot the Mint at Fiilda,
1765-1770.
H. M. Fide NICOLAUS MUNT. Mint-master at Ekaterinenburg,
1810-1821.
H. M. 0. Fide HANS MATTHAUS OBERMULLER. Mint-master at
Meiningen, 1714-1717.
Bibliography. -— Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cit.
H. M. This signature occurs on coins of Goldberg, :622, and
probably represents a Mint-master. A medal of Amsterdam Cadets
is also signed H, M., 1783.
I. M. Fide JEAN MIRETTO. Mint-master at Chambery, 1577"
IS79-
I. M. Fide JOACHIM MEIHECKE. Mint-warden at Riga, 1652;
Mint-master there, 1663-1668,
I. H. Fide JEAN MAUGER. Medallist at Paris, circ. l66o-t 1722.
1. M. Fide JOHANN MEMMIXIS. Mint-master at Gustrow, 1673-
1678; Rostock, 1679-1710; Stade, 1696, and Stettin, 1705-1710.
I. M. Fide JOSEPH MELLINGER. Mint-master and Engraver at
Zweibrucken, 1758-1769.
I. M. FideJOEN MILTON. Medallist in England, circ. 1795-1805.
I. M. Fide JOSEPH MOORE. A Birmingham Medallist, of the
second half of the nineteenth century; his son, of the same name,
now carrying on the same business.
I. M. B. F. Fide JOHANN MARTIN BUCKLE. Medallist, born in
1742, died in 1811 ; he worked at Augsburg and Durlach, and was
Mint-master in the latter place, 1778-1803.
r. M. E. Fide JOHANN MICHAEL EDLER. Mint-master at Saalfeld,
1724-1731.
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I. M, F. ffWfi JEAN MAUGER. French Medallist, mr. i66o-f 1722,
I. M. F. fiiie JOHANN MICHAEL FEDERER. Mint-master at Ratis-
boii, 1700-1738.
I. M. F. Fide JOHAKK MARTIN FORSTER. Mint-master at Nurem-
berg, 1755-1764.
I. M. F, f;W^ JOHN MILTON Medallist in England, c/rc. 1795-1805.
I, M, F. Fidi: J. MINHEYMER. Medallist at Wavsaw, circ. 1850.
I. M. F. Vide JOS'e.F'A MAINERT. Medallist and Mlnt-engravcr at
Warsaw, circ. 1840-1855.
I. M. G. Fide JUAN MARIA DE GUERRERO. Medallist oi Mexico,
first quarter of the nineteenth century.
I. M. K, Fide JOHANN MICHAEL KRUSE. Mint-master at Konlgs-
berg, 1834-1837.
I, M. MK. VideiO^Am MELCHIGR MORIKOFER. Swiss Medallist,
born at Bern, 1706; died in 1761.
I. M. W. Fide JOHANN MICHAEL WUNSCH. Mint-master at Wur^-
burg, 1693, and Heidelberg, 1694-1732,
Bibliography. — Schlickeysen-Pallniann, op. dt.
I. M. (Afmc), Initials of a Mint-master or Engraver at the Mint
of Mexico, under the short reign of the Emperor Augustine, 1823-
1833. These letters I. M. occur on the 1822 and 1823 Af Onza,
3^. Peso (4 or 5 var.), Peseta, Real and Medio Real; and Betts,
Mexican Imperial Coinage, 1899, considers them as the Engraver's
signature,
IM. {Swiss). Medallist's signature on a Portrait-medal of Bartho-
lomaus Schubinger (Schowinger) of St. Gallen, 1500-1585, dat-^^d
7\
Medal of bartllme bchowinger, 1561.
iiosBdbf Google
— 519 —
Tj6i. Vide D' Merzbacher's Kunsi-MedailUn Katahj^, Mai 1900,
lot 351. This medal, notices Erman, does not belong to the
sixteenth century master-pieces; the lettering is particularly broad
and flat.
Bibliography. — Erman, op. cil.
ICM. Fide JOHANN CHRISTOPH MULLER. Medallist at Stuttgart,
circ. 1674-1680.
L. M, Fide LUIZ MARCHIONNI. Mint-engraver at Madrid, during
the latter end of the reign of Isabel II., the Republic, Amadeo I.,
and early part of Alfonso II.
L. M. F/Wg LIBORIUS MTJLLER. Mint-master at Berlin, 1620-1642.
L. M. F/de LORENZO MARCELLO, Mint-master at Venice, 1709.
L. M. Fids LUIGI MAMFREDINI. Milanese Medallist, born in 1771,
died in 1840.
L. M. W. Fide. LORENZO MARIA WEBER. Medallist at Florence,
1720-1757-
N, M. Fide NICOLAUS MARTINENGO. Mint-master at Coblence,
and Wiirzburg, 1757-1762.
0. M. Fide JOSEPH MAGER. Mint-master at St. Petersburg, 1798-
i8or.
0. M. D. P. V. =OPVS MATTHAEI DE FASTIS Fide MATTED DE
FASTI. Painter and Medallist of Verona, circ. 1446-1460.
F. M. FideTAVh MONAU. Mint-master at Schweidnitz, 1518.
FM. Fide GIOVANNI MARIA FOMEDELLO. Medallist of Verona,
second half of the fifteenth century.
F. M. Fide FHILIFP MUSSLER. Mint-warden at Frankfort-on-
Main, 1567; died in 1603.
P. M. Fide PIETRO MOROSINI. Mint-master at Cattaro, 1634-
1627.
P. M. Fide MICHAEL PFROGNER, Provisional Mint-miistcr at
Prague, 1710-1711.
F. M. Fide PAUL MAASSEN: Mint-master at Dusseldorf, 1771-
1783.
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p. M. Fide PAUL MERKER. Mint-engraver at Brunswick, nVc.
1794-t 1833.
PM. Vide JOHANN PHILIPP MAI. Mint-master at Zweibriickcn,
1612-1631.
P. M. K, TiWe MICHAEL KUTSCHKIN. Medallist at St. Petersburg,
circ. 1850.
T. M. Vide TOMMASO MERCANDETTI. Medallist at Rome, 1797-
t 1821.
V. M. Vide URBAKO MALIPIERO. Mint-master at Venice, 1630.
V. M. or Ml. Vide VALENTIN MALER. Medallist at Nm-emberg, arc.
1569-7 1603.
W. M. VideWlLllXM MAINWARING. Medallist in England, end
of the eighteenth century.
Z. M. Vide ZXIANO MAGKO. Mint-master at Cattaio, 1598-1600.
Z. M. TiWi; ZORZl MOROSINI. Mint-master at Cat tare, 1638-1640.
Z. M. Vide ZUANO MORO. Mint-master at Venice, i78i.
Z. M. M. Vide ZUANO MARCO MOLINO. Mint-master at Caitaro,
1602-1604.
RiBLiocRAPHY. — Schlickeysen-Pallmami, op. cil.
M. A. Vide MAGNUS ARBIEN. Medallist at Copenhagen, circ. 1732-
1760. Also MA or M. G. A.
MA. Vide MAXEN. Medallist atAltona, 1788-1799.
M. A. S. Vide MARIO AURELIO SORANZO. Mint-master ar Venice,
1659,
M. A. V, Vide MARCO A. VENIER. Mint-master at Cattaro, 1583-
1856.
MA. These letters occur on a variety of the Obol of Massilia :
Obv. Head of Apollo to 1. ; on his cheek in minute lettens : MA.
^L. Wheel with inscription, MA.
Lenornnant has considered this inscription as an Engraver's
signature, but von Sallet and others only see in it a repetition of
thel^. inscription, wliich designates the Mint.
MAAS, HEINRICH LUDWIG (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Hanover,
circ. 1818-1831. 1 have noticed his signature M on the truncation of
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George IV. 's bust: on Gulden of 1826, 1829, &c., aud on a Portrait-
mcdai of D' Bernhard Christoph Faust of Buckcburg, 1827.
MAASEN, PAUL (Germ.). Mint-master at Diisseldorf, 1771-1783.
MABAREAUX (also MABEREAUX or MASBEREAUX) (French). The
brothers Mabareaux, Goldsmiths, executed in 1605 two large medals
in gold, which were presented to Henri IV., on his visit to Limoges,
and in 1615 two medals " d'or de ducat massif "of the size of a plate
and thickness of a finger, one for the King, and the other for the
Queen on the occasion of their entry in Bordeaux.
The brothers Mabareaux, goldsmiths, chasers, armourers, &c,
were reputed to be " the most worthy workmen of France for the
making of arms, plate, sculpture and other inventions ". In 1628
they were established in the Louvre.
Bibliography. — Rondot el De La Tour, op. cii., p. 265. — MazeroUe,
MABEY, C. H. and J. (Brit.). Engravers ot a medal, executed by
Foot and Tebay, on the Removal ofTemplc Bar, 1878, and made
of lead from the roof of the building. It is reproduced in Welch's,
Numismata Londinensia, pi. viii, n° 15,
MABILLE, JULES LOUIS (French). Contemporary Sculptor, bom at
Valenciennes (Nord), 14. August 1843; a pupil of the medallist
Jouffroy. He has signed a number of Portrait-medallions in clay,
or cast in bronze; ■ — 1894. Hippolyce Maze; — Emile Lii^nart, &c.
MACCASIUS, JOHANN JACOB (Austr.). Mint-master at Joachims-
thai, 1670, The coins issued by him are usually signed M.
MAC CLURE, J. CROSSLAND (Brit.). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, residing in London ; a member of the Society of Medal-
lists, to the exhibitions of which he has contributed.
I have seen by him : Portrait medallion of Wm. Lees McClure;
— Panel " Good Luck "; — Dawn, Relief; — Brooch in
bronze, &cc., and in the Royal Academy, 1901, he exhibited a Por-
trait-medallion.
MACCHERONI, CESARE (ItaL). Engraver at the Mint of Rome
under Pope Clement VII. Cellini mentions his name in his Auto-
biography.
MACGHIAVELLI, AHTOKIO (ItaL). Mint-engraver at Bologna,
under Pope Leo X., 1520-1523. He was commissioned to engrave
dies for a new coinage consisting of Fiorini d'oro, Leoni d'argento,
,stsd by Google
Mezzi and Q.uarti Leoni, Bolognini and Mezzi Bolognini, and
billon Piccoli. This coinage does not appear to have been issued.
Bibliography. — Francesco Malaguzzi, La Zfcca di Bologna, 1898.
MAC CORMICK, JOHN (Anur.'). Assistant-coiner at the Mint ot
Philadelphia, since June 1890. He was born at Philadelphia
(Northern Liberties) and was educated in the North East Grammar
School.
BrBLiOGftAPHY. ~ Evans, Hislary of ihe Uitiled Stales Mini, 1892,
MACS, Smile LOOIS (French). Contemporary Sculptor; born at
Angers ; pupil of Cavelier. By him are several Portrait-medallions
in bronze i 18S4. Portrait of M. E. L***; — 1893. Three Children's
heads; — D' Lujelouze's children; — 1896. Portrait-medalHon.
MAC GILES, MARGARET (Mrs Bernard Jenkin) (Bril.). Contem-
porary Sculptor and Modeller, a member of the " Society of
Medallists ", who has produced at various times, a number of fine
medallic works ; thus : Seal and Impression for a Submarine; —
Portrait-medallion ; — Friendship, medallion ; ~ Two medals, &c.
MAC GILL, DAVID (Brit.'). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
residing in London, a member of the Society of Medallists, at the
exhibitions of which association he has shown some very artistic
productions : Portrait-medallion; ~ Medal for Cambridge; —
Design for a medal and reverse; — The Nineteenth Century; —
St. Peter's College, Westminster; — Prince of Bhavnagar; — The
Mirror of Nature ; — Cambridge University Medal (illustrated in The
Studio, XXII, 126) ; — Hero and Leander ; — Hugh Mac Gill, &;c.
MAC GILLIVRAT, PITTENDRIGH (Bril.). Contemporary Sculptor,
born in Aberdeenshire, and brought up at Edinburgh, where he
attended the S;hool of Design and went through the usual
curriculum. He then studied under William Brodie, R.S.A.,
Edinburgh, and John Mosstnann H.R.S.A., Glasgow. He is now
an Associate of the Royal Scottish Academy.
This sculptor has also touched medallic work : Portrait-medallion
of Mrs Hannah Kindlay; — A Portrait; — Bas-reliefs "Burns
and Highland Mary; — "Rhythm", &c.
'■' Gifted with imagination and artistic sensibility, with a facile
and skilful hand the work he has already done is the best guarantee
that can be advanced for his future success" (The Studio, XVI, 205).
MACHAULT, PAUL £miLE (French). Sculptor, born in Paris,
r. September 1800, died in 1867; pupil ot Francin and the Ecole
des Beaux-Arts. By him are Portrait-medallions in bronze, some of
which were exhibited at the Salon of 1834.
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MACHAULT, PAUL (French). Son of tlie preceding ; Sculptor and
Medallisr, residing at Paris; pupil of Simart. Amongst his med-iilic
productions are : 1864. Portrait-Medallion of M. Paul C***; —
1868. Portrait of M. B*** ; — Portrait of M. M***;— 1873. Por-
trait ofM. S***; — 1874. Portrait of M. Quinsat; — Portrait of
M. Lesaffre; — Portrait of M. Surge. — 1875. Portrait of M. H.
Pinat; — 1876. Poitait of M. May; — 1878. Portrait of M. H.
Lozier; — Portrait of M. P. May, &c.
BiTiLiOGRAPHY. — Chavignerie el Aiivray, op. cit.
MACHETTE, GUILLAUME (French). Mint-engraver and Assayer at
Monrpellier in 1462. In i486 Ins name occtjrs in a document as
"soi-disam tailleur et essayeur" of that Mint.
BiBuOGRAPHY. — Natalis Rondot, Les Midailhurs et les Gmveun de Moisnaks,
Jelotis et MidailUs en France, Paris, 1 904 .
MACHTS, F. (Austr.). A medal commemorating the Plague of
cholera at Vienna, 1831, is signed by this Engraver.
MACE, W. {Brit.'). A Bristol Die-sinker, whose signature I have
noted on a Portrait -medal in pewter of the R' Hon'''^ Viscount
Palmerston, to commemorate the Bristol Exhibition, 1865.
MACKENZIE {Brit.). Medallist and Engraver, who presumably
resided at Lucknow, towards the end of the eighteenth century.
His name occurs in full on School Prize Medals (1.65 in), and
medallic double and single Rupees, with Genera! Claude Martin's
bust, the founder of the Martini^re Schools. Although unsigned, the
smaller meda! (of the size and weight of a Rupee), is undoubtedly
by the same engraver. These medals occur in gold, silver and
copper.
One side has the General's bust and motto, the other a Persian
inscription with title. The work is exceptionally good {Vide
C. J. Rodgers, Coin-collecting in Northern India, Allahabad,
1894-)
Claude Martin, a French adventurer, was born at Lyons m
January 1732, and died near Lucknow, 13. September 1800.
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He distinguished himself first ynd'er Count de Lally, the French
commander in India and Governor of Pondicherry, then he enUsied
in the service of the East India Company, as chief of a company of '
French deserters. Later, he became a favourite ot Sidi-ed-Daulah,
king of Oudh, and amassed a colbssal fortune. The splendour, of
his palace at Constantia, near Lucknow, was proverbial. In 1796 he
was appointed Major General in the East India Co, He founded
several schools, known under the name of Martini^re Schools, at
Lyons, Calcutta, Chandernagor, and Lucknow, some of which still
exist. The medals above-described were intended as Prizes for the
encouragement of study and diligence at those schools.
Traditioa has ascribed to General Martin "the issue of a number
of imitation zodiacal halt Rupees, which were evidently not
intended to pass as counterfeit money, but merely struck as orna-
ments, Marsden however denies the General's connection with
' these forgeries; on the authority of Martin's personal friends
(Marsden, Numist/iata Orimtalia, 11, p. 615. — Stanley Lane-Poole,
The Coinsof the- Moghul, Emperors of Hindustan in the British Museum,
London, 1892, p. lxxxiv).
MACKERNAL, EDGAR BERTRAM (Bril.). Contemporary Sculptor,
born' at Melbourne (Australia). At the Paris Salon of 1894 he
exhibited a Portrait-plaque of M"'^ Sarah Bernhardt, and a bronze
relief. Silence.
MACKNITZKY. ZACHARIAS (Pole). A public notary at Breslau,
who in 1710, issued a commemorative medal, which bears his ini-
tials Z, M.
MACKWORTH, SIR HUMPHREY (Brit.). Owner of silver mines in
Wales, lemp. Anne. Some of the current money of that reign, with
plumes on the ^., was struck from silver derived from the Welsh
mines of Sir Carberry Price and Sir Humphrey Mackworth. " An
order of Council of 5* of April, 1706, directed that money coined
from silver brought into the mint by the Governor and Company
for melting down lead with Pitcoale and Seacoale should have the
mark of distinction on each piece as represented in their petition,
/. e., roses aird plumes alternately. The coins with the plumes
were frequently called Quakers' money, because the company by
which the mines were worked comprised among its members many
persons of that denomination. "
BiDLiOGRAPHY. ^ Hawkins, ^iVwr Coins of England, 18S7, p. 399.
MACLEOD, MAJOR MALCOLM (5nV.). Mint-master at Calcutta.May
1814 to 1816.
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MACLISE, D. (Brit.). Designei' of a medal, engraved by
L, C. Wyon, with portrait of the painter Turner, 1851 (Art Union
, series) ; also of Heaton's Medal of the 1862 Exhibition, etc.
MACLURE. Vide MACCLUBE silprd^ . '
MACKERREL, J. (Brit.). Mint-master at Madras from April 1820
to January 1830.
M(acmillan). Vide DAVIS.
MACOKOCHIE, R. {Brit.). Mint-master at Madras, from January
1819 to April 1820.
MAC MONNIES, FREDERICK WILLIAM (Amer.). Contemporary
Sculptor and Medallist, born at Brooklyn in 1863 ; pupil of Falgui6re
Mercie, and Saint-Gaudens ; he now resides at Brooklyn, after h;iving
spent some years in Piris and on the continent of Europe.
In 1884 he left Mr. St. Gaudens' studio in New York, where he
received his-first artistic training. So talented had been his drawings
and sketches that the older sculptor was of the opinion chat Mc
Monnies might become great in both arts.
Ahhough his medallic productions are few in number, they are
of exceptional merit. One ot them, the Niagara Falls (lUuslraled)
was ptrrchased for the Luxembourg Museum, and was exhibited,
together with the medal dedicated " To my friend Elijah Robinson
Kennedy" at the Paris Universal Exhibition, 1900. By him is also
a Portrait-medal of Miss Kennedy, etc.
The sculptor and Medallist John Flanagan is one of Mc Monnies'
pupils.
Bibliography. — Art et Dicoraticn, 1899, II, p. 54. ^ Marx, Lei Medailleurs
modernes en France el a fiVraiig-er, pL xxix. 5.6. —Studio, XXII, 226. xxxviir, 519.
,;.Goo'^lc
— 526 —
MAC NABB, JAMES MUNRO (Brii.'). Mint-master at Calcuttii,
August 1820 to 1824.
MACPHAIL, NEIL(BnV.). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
residing at Glasgow. His signaiure : N. MACPHAIL SC. occurs on the
following medals ; D' William CuUen ; ■ — D"" William Hunter; —
John Hunter ; — John Black (all four are medals of the Faculty of
Medicine of Glasgow University); — Glasgow School of Art and
Haldaiie Academy Prize Medal, with bust of Haldane; — Prize
Medals of the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland,
comprizing the "Institution Medal"; the "Marine Engineering
Medal"; the"Railway Engineering Medal" in gold, and the
"Graduate Section Medal" in silver; — The National Wallace
Monument, near Stirling, founded 24. June 1861 ; — Medal com-
memorating the 25''' Anniversary of the Volunteer Movement in
Scotland, 1881 (signed : NEIL MACPHAIL SC— NOEL PATONINV.);
— Sir Humphrey Davy; —Royal Society of London Medal, etc.
Bibliography. — R, W. Cochran-Pairicb, Medals of Scotland, Edinburgh,
1884.
MACQUET, EUG£ke CHARLES (French). Contemporary Medallist
and Gem-engraver, born at Paris in 1839; pupil of Salmson Sen"^.
The following exhibits were made by him at the Paris Salon in
1880 : Minerva entrusting youthful Mars to the care of Priapus,
oriental carnelian ; — Dancing, sapphirine; — Birth of Venus,
rock crystal ; — The Farnese Bull, after the antique, sardonyx ; — ■
Cupid and Psyche, carnelian ; — Neptune on hippocamp, holding
Eumolpus in his arms, carnelian; — The Chariot of Apollo, rock
.crystal, etc.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cU., 11, p. 6.
MACZ, MCLAS (Austr.). " Hofpfenningmelster" to the Archduke
Leopold William, 1657.
MADELUNG, JOHAN GEORG (Dan.). Mint-master at Kongsberg
(Denmark), 1797-1806. His initials occur on the currency issued by
him.
MADELUNG, JOHAN HENDRIK (Dan.). A native of Oldenburg,
Mint-master at Kong.sberg, 1769-1776. His issues bear his initials
IHM.
BiBLioGBftPHV. — C. T. jorgensen, Beskrhvhe over Dartske Monter, 144S-1SSS,
Copenhagen, 1888.
MASER, SEBALS (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Nuremberg, 1560-
1567. He is called "Eisengraber" in contemporary documents. His
immediate predecessor at the Mint was Wenzel Jamnitzer and his
.successor Hans Jamnitzer, both renowned goldsmiths.
Bibliography. — C. F. Gebert, Geschkhle der MunpiiUU der Rekhstadl Nutii-
herg, 1891.
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MADERO, A. B. (iWmc). Medallist of Mexico, second half of the
eighteenth century. His signature A. B. MADERO F. occurs on medals
dated 1760. The following are described in Betts : Proclamation
Medal of Charles III., 1760 (issued by the Bishop and Chapter of
the Catliedral of the Holy Cliurch in Guadalaxara) ; — Proclama-
tion Medal of Mexico^. INSIGN.FIDELIT.&c. (5 var., Betts,
n°= 473-477); — Another; ^L. NOVUS MIHI NASCITUR
ORDO; — Another; ^.IMPERATORINDIARUM (3 var.), &c.
Bibliography. — C. Wyllys Betis, American Colonial History iUustrated by con-
temporary medals. New York, 1894. — A. Rosa, Monelario Americano, 1892. —
Catalogue Fidal Quadras y Ramon.
MADRASSI, LUCA (ItaL). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist,
residing at Paris ; a pupil of Cavelier. He is the author of numerous
Portrait -medallions of distinguished personages, among which
D' F. P. Weber mentions the following : George Meredith, 1892;
— Lord Ronald Cower, 1892 ; — Lord Beaconsfield (1805-1881),
1894 ; — The Right Hon"= W. E. Gladstone, 1894. These are all
cast in bronze. Also : Venus Astarte, 1891 ; - — 1892. Child's Por-
trait; — Reading; — 1S95. Problt^ commerciale, bronze medal;
— 1896. Polyphemus, &c.
Bibliography. — D' F. P. Weber, Medals and Medallions. — Catalogues du
MAECENAS, G. {Rom^. Seal-engraver of the first century A. D.,
mentioned in the inscrip. ap. Grub. 638, 6. From the similarity of
work on the seals and coins, we may suggest that both kinds of
work were undertaken by the same craftsmen or artists, \ind it is
quite possible that this Maecenas also executed dies for the
coinage.
MAECILIUS TDLLUS, M. (Rom.). Mint-master (Triumvir monelalis)
at Rome, circ. B.C. 12.
MAEHN, THfiODORE (Gem). Medallist, born at Strassburg in 1834,
was apprenticed in the firm of Mondini, Paris, where he married
his chiefs daughter and succeeded to the business in 1866. He retir-
ed from active life in 1879, but still resides in Paris (53, Avenue
Ledru-RoUtn). In 1875 he engraved, amongst others, the medal
(jeton de prince) of the Society des Bateaux parisiens(.;R,&iE,),
and that of the " Syndicat des Charpentiers " of Paris.
Bibliography. — Informalicn kindly supplied by M. Jules Florange
MAESHORN. Vide MARSHOORN infrd.
MATTEO DA CLIVATE {Fide vol. I, p. 441). The Double Ducat of
Galeazzo Maria Sforza said to have been engraved by this Goldsmith
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is most probably the one reproJuccd below. That of Bona di Savoia,
Double Ducat of Galeazzo Maria Sforza of Milan.
engraved by the same artist, from tiie portrait by bis son Ambrogio,
is not described by Armand.
MAGDEBORGER, HIERONYMUS {Germ.'). Mint-master and Engraver
at Annaberg and Freiberg (Saxony), circ. 1530-154S) to whom
have been erroneously attributed fprmany years the medals signed
1^ which are undoubtedly the work ot" the Austrian Medallist,
MICHAEL HOHENATJER {q. v. vol. II, p. 517).
Bibliography. — BoUenthal, op. cit. — Erman,,D/>. ciL, jii. — Nagler, Moiij-
grammislen. III, 454.
MAGER, JOSEPH (G&rm.). Mint-m'aster at St. Petersburg, circ.
1798-1801. According to Schlickeysen-Pallmann his issues of coins
were signed : 0. M.
MAGC(G^rffl.). Mint-warden at Langenargen, 1735, in the service
of the Counts of Montfort.
Bibliography. — Bahrfeldt, Mim^en der FimUntbuimr Holieiiiollern.
MAGISTRETTI (Jnier.). This signature occurs on a medallion in
cast-iron of the American general Zaragoza, on the Victory of
Puebla, 1862.
MAGITJS, PHILIP LUDWIG (G^rm.). Mint-mastcr at Clausthal, 1792-
1800. His initials P.L. M. occur on the coins, as for instance on a
Gulden of 1800 of George HI.
MAGLIOLI, SPERANDIO TiWe SPERANDIO.
MAGKANI, ANTONIO DI BATTISTA (ltd.). Mint-engraver at Bolo-
gna, circ. lii'j'J- He was assisted -in the work of cutting dies for the
coinage by his two brothers Matteo and Giacomo.
Bibliography. — F. Malaguzzi, LaZecca di Bologna, 1897.
MAGKE, H. MARCEL (French), Contemporary Sculptor of Paris,
by whom I have seen a Portrait-plaquette of a lady, in tin.
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MAGNENAT (Szuiss). Contemporary Seal-engraver and Die-sinker
of Lausanne, by whom tlierc is a Jcion of the Rifle Meeting of
Lausanne, 1^76.
MAGNIADAS, FRANKY (French). Medallist of the middle of the
nineteenth century, whose productions are fairly numerous. I have
noticed his signature on the following medals : Jean Francois Le
Sueur, composer, 1852; — Jean Pierre B^ranger, poet, 1856
Patiern 5 Franc Piece, by Magniadas
(2 var.); — Giuseppe Garibaldi, 1859, (signed : FRANKY
MAGNIADAS) &;c. Several of his medals were edited by Massonnet.
In 1848, this Engraver submitted various Patterns for Al.
20 Francs, M.. 5 Francs and M. ro Centimes to the Coinage
Committee of the Second Republic.
BiBLiOGKAPHV. — De Saulcy, Souvenirs niimismaliques de la Revohttion He 184S.
MAGNO, ZUANO (Ital). Mint-master at Cattaro, 1598-1600. The
coins issued under him are said to bear his initials Z. M.
MAGNOLINO, JACOPO (//c/.). Goldsmith of Florence, who settled
at Rome under Pope Innocent VIIL, for whom and liis successor,
Alexander VL, he worked from cin. 1485 to 1495. In a document
of 1495 he is called presidem seu superstans in ^cca S"" D. N. in
Urbe, but whether he cut any'dies for the Papal coinage is not
certain. He executed in i486 the golden Rose, which was presented
to King James III- of Scotland, and that of 1488.
Bibliography. — Eug. Miintz, Les Arts A la Coiir des Papa Innocent VIII.,
Alexandre VL, P« Ji/ (1484-150?), Paris, 1898, pp. 106, 113, 1 14, 117-119. —
Ibid., L' Atelier ^oniiaire de Rome, Revue numismarique, 1884, p, 228.
MAHIEU, JAKOB {Germ.'). Mint-Inspector at Oels, 1699-1717.
MAHER and SON (Brit.). Die-sinkers of Birmingham, by whom
is a Reform League Medal, 1865.
MAHLER, PADL (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Strass-
burg; pupil of Gerflme. At the Salon of 1904 he exhibited four
Plaquettes In bronze, representing Dogs.
L. FoiiiEii. — Ews'iifliiinl NMrei of Medatliili. — III. H
>stsd by Google
MAHBENHOLZ (fierm). Minc-engraver at Brunswick, circ. 1742.
His initial M is said to occur on .V 10,5 and 2 \ Reiclisthalers oi
that date.
BjBUOGKAPHY. — Ammon, op. cit., a" 165. — Kohkr, Ducatea Caiinel,
n- 1843.
MAI.., (GfEf/;.). Abbreviation ofa Coin-engraver's signature MAIHN
or MAIOinN- D' Arthur Evans was the first to publish it (Numismatic
Chronicle, 1890, p. 292).
This inscription MAI occurs on a Tetradrachni of Himera in the
Paris Medal Cabinet. I reproduce it here from D'^ Evans' woodcut.
(4 diams).
The type of this interesting tetradrachm belongs to the period
which immediately preceded the destruction of Himera by the
Carthaginians, circ. B, C. 409.
Obv. Nymph facing, head to 1., wearing sleeved chiton and
peplos, the ends of which fall over right arm ; she holds in r, hand
Eatera, over altar viiith square horns; behind her, a Seilen, facing,
ending sideways to receive on his 1. shoulder jet of water issuing
from lion's head fountain; in exergue : |-|.
1^. Quadriga to r., driven by charioteer wearing long chiton,
who holds rein in both hands; horses in high action ; above. Kike
to 1., holding wreath and tablet or pinakion inscribed MAI ; in ex.,
hippocamp to 1.
Weight ; 263.6grs.
Evans, Some new Artists' Signatures on Sicilian coins, Num.
Chron., 1890, p. 292, PI. xvin, 2. Park, Medal Cabinet.
B. M. Cat., Sicily, p. 81, n" 48 (without the signature).
Holm, op. dt'. Ill, p. 632, n" 204, PI. i, 14.
Tetradrachm, of Himera.
In drawing attention to the similarity of this type with that ot
the Syracusan engraver's, Euainetos, D' Rudolf Weil had already
./Google
— 53i —
suggested the presence of an artist's signature on the tablet which
Nike holds in her hand, but none of the specimens known when
he wrote were sufficiently well preserved to enable one to decipher
the inscription MAI which however D' Evans, has discovered on the
Paris coin. The M is not very distinct, but the signature could
scarcely be other than MAI, which when completed would form
the name of MbSh or perhaps M^thi6n.
It is certain that the coin of Euainetos served as prototype to
the engraver MAI of Himera. D'' Evans shows numerous points of
similarity between the two pieces and proves that the tetradrachm
of Himera is much later than the Syracosan one, issued circ. 425-
420 B. C, and probably belongs to the period preceding immedi-
ately the destruction of the town, circ. 409-408 B. C.
Bibliography. — L. Forrer, op. dt.
MAI, JOHANN PHILIP(Gm«.). Mint-master atZweibrucken, 1612-
1621. His initials HM are said to occur on some of his coins.
MAIA, C. {Port.'). Engraver's signature on a Tercentenary medal
of Camocs, 1S80; also the author of a Portrait-medal of Francesco
Antonio da Veigo Beirao.
MAIARIUS GALLDS (Rmn.). Mint-master (Triumvir momtalis) at
Rome, circ. B. C, 12.
MAICHAIN, GEORGES (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Niort. By him are various Portrait- medallions : 1883 . M""' M. B***, &c.
MAIER, CONRAD (Germ.). Mint-engraver and Medallist at Ulm,
circ. 1 663 -1 682. His issues are signed C. M.
MAIGNAN, MAURICE (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Neufchatel (Seinc-Inf^rieure); pupil of M. Aube. At the Salon of
1890 he exhibited a Portrait-medallion of his mother ; — 189 1. Feu
M. Caufourier, &c.
MAIGNIET, JOSEPH (French). Mint-master Central in 1561.
MAILHE or MAILLE, FRANCOIS (French). Mint-engraver at
Romans, 1548-1549.
MAILLARD, AUGDSTE (French). Contemporary Sculptor and
Medallist, born in 1S66 and residing at Paris ; pupil of Dalou,
Gaudez, and Falguiere. He has obtained the following awards 1
Salon of 1894, Med-il of the Third Class (for a bronze statue, La
Defense du Sol) ; Salon of 1898, Medal of the Second Ckss (for a
marble statue, acquired by the French government. The Fall of
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~ 532 —
Icarus); Universal Exhibition of 1900, Medal of the Third Ckss. He
is an officer of Public Instruction.
Amongst his best known worlcs are three monumentSj those of
Captain Menard, at Lunel (Htoult); Breton soldiers and sailors slain
for the fatlierland, at Brest ; and Children of Asnieres slain in the
defence of their country, at Asnieres, and busts, executed for the
State, of Treilhard, (VersaiHes); Brant6me, chronicler, (Brantome) ;
J.-B. Oudry, (Gobelin Manufactory); Tisserand, astronomer,
(_French Institute), &c.
At the Salon of 1 90 1 this artist exhibited a medal " Automobile ",
which was commissioned to him by the Nice Motor Club; in 1903
a Badge intended for the " Conseillers gen^raux " of the Seine
Department; in 1904, seven Plaquettes in silvered bronze; in 1905,
Plaquette in silver, Soci^t6 des Jur^s orphfeniques francais; —
Insigne des Conseillers g^n^raus de la Seine; and in 1906, several
medals.
Bibliography. — Catalogues of the Salon, 1900-1906. — Information kMly
supplied by the artist.
MAILLABD, CHR, (Germ.). Die-sinker at Frankfort-on-M., and
Engraver of a Medal of the Society for the Protection of Animals
of Frankfort-on-M., founded in 1841. f^/ife Joseph u. Fellner, Die
Munx_en von Frankfurt am Main, p. 542.
MAILLART or MAILLARD, JEAN {French). Mint-master and Engraver
at Nantes, c/rc. 1563-1566.
MAILLART, JOSEPH {French). Mint-master at Nantes, circ. 1567-
1570. jean I. Beaucousin, engraver at the Paris Mint, is recorded to
have supplied him with puncheons for Ecus, Testons, Sols parisis
and other currency in 1567 and 1570. Malllart was no longer In
office after March 16, 1570.
Bibliography — MazecoUe, Les Medailleurs franfais , 1, p. 604. — Rondot, op.
MAILLART, NICOLAS {French). Mint-master at Rennes, from
9. July 1546— aVc. 1549.
MAILLET, DOMAINE (5wi«.). Mint-master at Geneva, 24. February
1581 to 26. Jannuary 1585. His issues are signed M. Before 1581,
he had been Warden of the Mint, and once again filled that office
after 1585.
Bibliography, — Bug. Demole, Les Mattres, Us Graveurs et les Essayears de la
Monnaie de Gengve(i^y^-ij^z), Fribourg, 1885.
MAIMIN. A native Engraver of Java, who cut dies for the British
Colonial coinage. I have seen a Rupee of 1816, with date ""rr
>sted by Google
(1232) and on the Arabic word dharb a small M, which stands for
his initial.
MAIKDRON, 6TIENHE HIPPOLYTE (French), Sculptor of the nine-
teenth century, born at Champtoceaux (Maine-et-Loire), on
16. December 1801; pupil of David d' Angers and the Ecole des
Beaux-Arts, He was knighted in 1874, and died 6. March 1884.
By this artist are numerous Portrait-medallions, amongst which
are : CI. and Gab. Fillon de Pontenay; -— Aloys Senefelder, of
Prague (1772-1S34); — Sister Rosahe; — - Antoine Rivoulon
painter (1810-1S64); size 9.1 in. ; cast by Lafosse (in D'' F. Parkes
Weber's collection), &c.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cU.
MAINDBOZ, H. {French). Sculptor of the second and third quarters
of the nineteenth century. His signature occurs on a cast Portrait-
medallion in bronze of Ben)amin Fillon, the distinguished numis-
matic writer; it is dated 1856 and measures 210 mill, in diameter.
It has occurred to me that Durand may have misread the artist's
signature for Maindron.
Bibliography. — A. Durand, MMailks itjetans des Niimisviates, Genuvc, 1865.
MAINERT, GOTTFRIED (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Warsaw, born
in 1767, died in 1846. His coins are usually signed : G. M.
MAINERT, JOSEPH (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Warsaw, son of the
last, worked there arc. 1840-1855, This Engraver distinguished
himselt also as a Medallist, and his initials I. M. or full signature :
I. MAINERT RYTOWAL occur on medals of : Josef Xaver Eisner,
composer (1769-1854) ; — Copernicus, astronomer, 1830, &c.
Bibliography. ^ Kirmis, Handbtich der Polnhchen Mut^kunde, Posen, 1892,
MAIHHART, G. (Germ.). Mint-master at Bomstadt, circ. 1605, in
the service of the Counts of Mansfeld, Bruno II., William and
John George (1604-1607). His initials G. M. occur on the coinage.
He also acted in the same capacity at Eisleben, Halle and Stolberg,
1595-1615.
MAINONI (French). Superintendent of the Tobacco r^gie at Strass-
burg,whoin 1797 issuedamedal with bust of Bonaparte, commem-
orating the Treaty of peace of Campo Formio.
MAINWARING, WILLIAM (Brit.). Engraver of Tokens, and
Medallist, whose productions date between 1790 and 1798. He
resided at Birmingham, but I have been unable to trace any further
information concerning his life.
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— 534 —
From Pye we learn that M;^inwaring was a Manufacturer of Tokens,
as well as Die-sinker. By him are : Hickman's, Birmingham,
Halfpennies, 1792, with bust of John Howard (4 var.); — P. Deck's,
Bury, Pennies (one var. illustrated'), and Halfpennies, 1794, with
bust of QiarleSjMarquis Comwallis (sev. vnr.); — Robert Reynolds
& C°'s, Halfpennies of Coventry, 1 792, with. obv. Lady Godiva on
horseback (7 var. on£ illustrated); — R. B. Wilkins, Isle of Wight,
Halfpennies, 1792, with bust of Robert Bird Wilkins; — S. Barker's,
Lichfield, Halfpennies, 1797, with bust of D' Samuel Johnson (sev.
Penny Token of Bury, {■j^^.
var.); — W. Steward's, London and Middlesex, Halfpennies and
Farthings, 1792, with bust of Shakespe.ire (sev. var.); — J. Field-
ing':^, Manchester, Halfpennies, 1792; — Dunham and Yallop's,
Norwich, Halfpennies, i792and 1793 (sev. var.); ~ North Wales,
Halfpenny Token of Coventry, 1792.
Halfpennies, 1793, with head of Druid (sev. var.) ; — North Wales,
Farthings, 1793, with youthful bust, laureate (8 var.) ; — ■ South
Wales, Farthings, 1793, with laur. bust (10 var.); — Farror's
Warwickshire, Halfpennies, 1791, with bust of Shakespeare ; —
H. Hickman's, Westminster, Halfpennies, 1792, with bust ot
John Howard (sev. var.); — Non Local. Halfpennies, with busts
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of Louis XVI. and Marie-Antoinette, 1793 IJi.. MURD.BY THE
FACTIOUS, &c. (numerous varieties; either obv. or ^L. having
been used in connection with ^L. or obv. of other tokens, as
David Garriclc, Two men at a forge, &c. Fii^^ Atkins, pp. 112- 114,
368-^69); — Halfpennies, 1793, with bust of the Dauphin,
and ^. MAY .THE . DOPHIN BE RESTORED TO THE CROWN
OF FRANCE, &c.
Mainwaring's signature : W. M. or more rarely : W. MAINWARING
FECIT occurs on the following medals : The Rev. Caleb Evans,
f 1791; — John Howard, F- R. S., Memorial, 1790; — Selina,
Countess of Huntingdon, 1791 ; ■ — Frederick, Bishop of Osnabruck,
1791 ; — Decapitation of Louis XVI., 1793 (copy of a medal by
Fr. Loos); Others, on the same event, with ^L. CUMCTIS ILLE,
&c. cypress tree, or guillotine, &c. (many varieties) ; ■ — ■ Decapita-
tion of Marie- Antoinette 1793, with her bust on obv,, 1793; —
Louis XVL and Marie-Antoinette, 1793 (sev. var.); — Louis XVIL,
,1793, obv. Bust of the Dauphin. ^. Crown (sev. var.); —Freder-
ick, Duke of York, Valenciennes surrendered, 1793 ; — Thomas
Ryder, actor, etc.
The work of Mainwaring compares favourably with that of his
foremost contemporaries, J. G. Hancock, Peter and Thomas Wyon,
C. H. Kuchler, and others.
'Bibliography. — Pye, Provincial Coins mi Tokens, n. d. — Atkins, Tokens oj
the eighkenth century, LonJon, 1892. — H. A. Grueber, English Personal Medah
from ij6o. —Benoin, Hisloirenumismaliquede la Revolution fraufaise, Fans, 1826.
MAIRE, ANKA (French). Sculptor and Medallist; dimgher of J.-B.
Maire (a. v.). She is the author of Portrait-medallions in bronze of
J.-B. Maire; —Herself; — Abb6 E. M***; — 1901. Mgr. Petit,
Archbishop of Besan^on; — 1905. Just Becquet, statuary.
MAIRE, JEAN BAPTISTE (French). Medallist, born at Bcsan^on,
5. August 1787, died there, 13. December 1859. His first teacher
was Dominique Paillot, Director of the Drawing school of bis
native city. He then studied medicine, and in 1809, accompanied
the French army to Spain as surgeon, but wounded at the siege of
Saragossa, he returned to Besan^on and turned his attention to
sculpture. In 1816, he was admitted at the Ecole des Beaux Arts,
and worked under. and for the sculptor Leniot, whom he assisted
in the execution of certain of his works, as for instance, the statue
of Henry IV., re-erected by Louis XVIII., near the Pont-Neuf.
J. B. Maire exhibited at the Paris Salon, from 1819 to 1852, in the
section of sculpture. His principal works are : Head of Christ (in
Besan^on Museum); — Head of St. John the Baptist; — Bust of
Lieut. -General Donzelot, governor of Martinique; — Bust of Mairet;
,stsd by Google
— Head of Eurydice ; — Bust of Cardinal de la Luzerne ; — Bust of
Mgr. de Qu6len, Sec.
On the invitation of his friend, Chades Weiss, town librarian of
Besangon, the artist executed a series of medals representing distin-
guished citizens of Franche-Corat^. A subscription was opened in
1836, and the first medal which appeared was that of Gilbert
Cousin, the friend of Erasmus; the last was that of Mgr. Mathieu,
archbishop of Besancon, which his daughter, M"" Anna Maire, had
J.-B. Mairc(i797-i«59)-
to finish, death having overtaken the medallist before he could
achieve it. He could not either complete the ^. of General Lecourbe's
medal, and onlyprepared the model of that of Bichat.
All the medals of j. B, Maire are struck. At his death, the dies
were acquired by the Municipal Council of Besangon and deposited
in the Archaeological Museum of that town. He had invented a
Reducing Machine for the use of medallists, which is now preserv-
ed at the Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers.
The artist's portrait is reduced from a drawing bv M"" Anna
Maire.
LIST OF J. B. MAIRE'S MEDALS
1834. Pri;^e Medal of the Academy of Besancon ; — 1836. Gilbert
Cousm, chanoine de Nozeroy (1506-1572); — L. F. A. de Rohan-
Chabot, archbishop of Besancon (1788-1833); — J- }■ A. Courvoi-
sier, garde des Sceaux (1775-1835); — 1837- Jean-Jacques Chifflct,
historian (1588-1673); — Joseph d'Olivet, abbot (1682-1768); —
Antoine Perrenoc, cardinal Gr'anvella(i5i7-i586; illustrated); —
J. B. V. Proud'hon, jurisconsultus (1758-1838); — 1839. J. I. de
Froissard-Broissia, caraerlingo of Pope Innocent XI.(-i- 1694); —
./Google
— 537 —
1840. C. L. de Faletans, Governor of tlie Order of Saint-Georges de
Franche-Comce(i624-i70o);— 1841. Jacques Curasson, president
of the Academy ofBesan^on (1770-1841); — Phiiibert de Chalon,
baron d'Arlay, prince of Orange (1502-1530); — J. de Jouffroy,
bishop of Arras and Albi (1412-1475); — ■ 1843. Georges Cuvier,
naturalist (1769-1832); — Pierre Joseph Desault, surgeon (1744-
1795); — 1844, Lieut. General Comte JVIorand (1771-1S35); —
1845. Antoine Pierre de Grammont, archbishop ot Besancon (1614-
1698); ■ — ■ F. J. Dnnod de Charnage, historian (1678-1752); —
1846. Charles Weiss, keeper of the Besancon Civic Library (1779-
1866); — 1853. J. M. A. Cesaire Mathieu, archbishop of Besamjon
(1796-1875); — Undated. Xavicr Bichat, surgeon of the H6tel-
Dieu, Paris (i 771- 1802; — General Lecourbe (1759-181 5).
M"^ .Maire presented recently to the Bcsani;on Museum seven dies
by her father, which represent : Napoleon L ; — Frederick the
Great; — Benjamin Franklin; — Jean Jacques Rousseau; —
Voltaire; — F^nelon, Massillon and Bourdaloue. They seem
to have beer] intended (or repousse vtoik, and not medals.
Bibliography. — F. Mazerolle, /. B. Maire, Gazette aQmismatique [ran^alse,
1S97, pp. 289-298. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cii.
MAIRE, JULIEN Vide LpMAIRE (Vol. Ill, p. 386).
MAISTKE, PIERRE LE {French'). Mint-master at Cremieu, 153S-
1542 and later, as his privy mark, a P at the end of the legends,
still appear on the last coins issued at that mint in 1551 and 1552,
Bibliography. — E. Faivre, Etat acluel des didiers nioiu'taires franfais elde lews
diffirents, 1896.
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MAITLAND, ALEXANDER (BriV.). Mint-warden at Edinburgh,
1662-1690.
MAITLAND, CHARLES (Br//,) of Haltoun " Generall of his Maiesties
Mint heer in Scotland, to coyne or cause to be coyned in turners
three thousand stane weight of good poore copper, " He was acting
in the capacity of Mlnt-master-general of Scotland, in the early
years of Charles II., and in conjunction with " Sir Johne Falconer,
Master of ihe Conyiehouse", 1661-1663.
Bibliography. — Burns, The Coinage of Scotland, II, ^52, 49 j,
MAJAKO, BENEDETTO DA (ltd.). Sculptor of the last decade of
the fifteenth century, to whom Friedliluder suggests the attribution
of a Portrait-medal of Giovanni Tornabuoni, a variety of which is
dated 1492, Armand describes it under the works of the MMailleur
a I'Espirance.
.-^0^%^
■ft
Prof. W. Bode has however no ascribed this medal also to
Niccolo Spinelli of Florence.
In his art are two Reliefs in bronze, representing the Madonna
enthroned, and another, in silvered bronze, of St. S3bastian.
Bibliography. — D' Merzbacher, KimU-Medailleu-Kalahg, 1900, ti" 51. —
Bode, Die ilalienischen Bi-on^L-n, Berlin, J904.
MAJOR, JOHANN DANIEL (Germ.). De.signer of a medal of the
Institute ot Natural History and Sciences at Gottorp. It is dated
1688 and signed I.D.M. Major was Professor and physician at Kiel.
Bihliography. ■ — Schlickeysen-Pallmann, op. cit.
MARKING, H. J. (Dutch). Sculptor, Medallist, and Chaser, residing
at Utrecht, and born in 1868. He studied at Amsterdam as a pupil
ot the Academy of Fine Arts. By him are : Portrait-plaquette of
President Krugcr, 1900; — Prize Medal tlf the Society "Arti et
Industriae", of The Hague, 1905, &c.
Bibliography. — Tijdscbrijt, X, p, 321. — D" J, H.de Dompierre de Chaufepi^,
o,C.oo(^lc
— 539 -
MALACAN, JEAN BAPTISTE (Frcncji). ContemporaiY Sculptor,
boni at Bfeiers (Herault) ; pupil of J. Thomas, Tasset and W. Kluge.
At the Salon of 1899 he exhibited five Portrait-medals and medal-
lions, and in 1905 various Portrait-medallions and Plaquettes.
MALAHIN, NICHOLAS {Ilal.). A Florentine, who was appointed
Mint-master in London, in the iS"" year of Richard II., first in
conjunction with John Wildeman, and alone in the 19"" year (1395-
1396). Whether his successor, whose name appears in contempo-
rary docnments as GEOFFREY MULLEKYN (g. v.) was one of
his relatives, I have been unable to ascertain.
Bibliography. — Ruding, op. dl.
MALAISSON, JACQDEUN DE (French)- Engraver of Jetons at
Bourges, circ. 1494-1498. He was a Goldsmith, and executed in 1497
"gectoers" for the Chamber of Bourges..
Bibliography. — Rondoi & De La Tour, op. cit.
MALASSIS, Smile (French). Contemp irary Gem-engraver, born
at Paris; pupil of H. Bourgeois. At the S:ilon of 18S4 this artist
exhibited a cameo in sardonyx.
MALAY ASI, GIUSEPPE (Ital). Sculptor and Medallist of Modena,
first half of the nineteenth century. His signature occurs on a cast
medal commemorating the Birth of the heir apparent of Duke
Francesco IV. of Modena, 1819.
MALHET (Fiench) A Paris Die sinker ^\ ho w as one of the compet-
itors for the coinage of the second Republic 184S He presented
to the Monetary Commission pattern -V 20 Fitn b JR. 5 Francs,
and E 10 Centimes but his t^pe \\ 1 n l1 r 1
Pattern 5 Francs 1848 b) Malbet
Bibliography. — De Saulcy, Souvmirs numismatiques, &c.
MALDINI (Ital.). Sculptor and Medallist of the nineteenth century.
I have noticed his signature on a Portrait-medal of Cardinal
Oppizoni of Bologna.
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— 54t> —
MALEPILSS, BARDET DE (Brit.). iMint-m aster at London, undei
Edward III., 1 372-1375. He was of Florentine origin, and was first
appointed Mint-master at Calais, 20. May 1371. There he issued
Nobles, Half, and Quarters Nobles, ot the same weight and standard
as those struck at the Tower of London ; silver Gros, Half Gros,
Sterlings or Pennies, Half, and Quarter Sterlings, The Gold coins
of Edward IIL of the Calais Mint have a Q in centre of ^. instead
of the usual €, and a flag on ship ; the silver coins are all known
with the exception of the Half Sterling and Ferling.
Bibliography. — Ruding, op. cii. — Serruce, Hisloire monilaire de la, France,
.h-Q, Paris, 188;.
MALER, CHRISTIAN (Germ.'). Son of Valentin Maler, to whose
business as a Goldsmith and Medallist he succeeded, circ. 1603. He
was born at Nuremberg about 1584 and died there after 1648, but
neither, the date of his birth, nor that ot his death are known. The
period 'of his activity is placed between 1603 and 1648, Although
a son of Valentin Maler, and grand-son of Wenzel Jamnitzer, his
productions, which are very numerous, "are executed," says
Bolzenthal, " in a mechanical manner and frequently in a bad
style. "
Christian Maler was most successful in the portraits of some Nurem-
bergians, but worked also for the House of Brandenburg, and the
Emperors Rudolph IL, Matthias, and Ferdinand IL, "from whom
he received permission to strike medals in his own house, a privilege
noted on most of his works cum privUegio."
Hans Jakob Tewel, by C. Mali
Most of Christian Maler's medals are struck; some however are
cast, and bear the monogram CM' incuse, whereas it is raised on
medals. Amongst these, Erman mentions the following : 1605.
Ernst Haller; — Georg Volckamer; — 1628. Georg Graf; —
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— S4I -
1629. Hans Jakob Tcuel (illustrated'); — Undated. Maximilian,
Count Pappenheim; — and probably also : Henricus Coler,
Consul. Primarius. Lvbecensis, 1636 (illustrated), &c.
Similar 111 style are the medals signed MH and many other oval
portrait- pieces of Nuremberg, of the two first decades of the seven-
teenth century; many oi these, suggests Erman, should certainly
belong to Christian Maler. J^
This artist's medals are variously signed CCr 1 CM- — C.
M. C. P.; — C. M. C. PRiVI. CAES; — C. MAL; — C. MALER; — C.
MALLER; — C. PRI. CM.;— C. PRI. CX. C. MALER; — C. PRIVI.
C. MALER; — C. PRIVI. CAE.C. M. ; — CVM. PRIVI. C. CM.; — CVM.
PRIVIL. CAE. CM. ; — M. C, or privy mark, a crane.
I have made a note of the following medals by Christian Maler,
which however only represent a small portion of his work i Fred-
erick, Count Palatine, and Princess Elizabeth, 1615. ^L. Shields
of arms; — Coronation of Frederick and Ehzabeth' of Bohemia,
tym^: J
1619 (4 var.; me illustrated); — Elizabeth Stuart, oval badge,
30 X 38 mill., obv. QVAE SIM POST TERGA VIDEBIS.
Crowned bust to r. ^L. SIC NVNC : PVLCHERRIMA QVON-
DAM. Skeleton holding hour-glass above table inscribed : CVM
PRIVIL : CAES : C , M, (illustrated) ; — Emperor Rudolph II. ; —
Emperor Matthias and consort Anna; — Matthias 11. King of
Hungary, 161 r "^L. King on horseback; — Emperor Matthias and
consort Anna, 1617; — Archduke Ferdinand, 1617; ~ Empress
Eleonora, 1630; — Jeton on the Capture of JuUch, by John
Sigismund, Margrave of Brandenburg,. 16 10 (2 var.); — Frederick
William, Margrave o( Brandenburg, and consort, Louise, 1648;
— Christian IL, Margrave of Brandenburg, 1606 (2 var.); —
Marriage of Joachim Ernest, Margrave of Brandenburg, with Princess
./Google
— 542 —
Elizabeth of Solins, 4. October 1612; — Ovab Portrait-Medal of
Joachim Ernest, of Brandenburg, undated (signed : C. MALLER
C. PRIVI. CAES.) ; — John George I., Duke of Saxony, 1611 ; —
Another, undated, with ^.Dulte on horseback (1614);-^ Centen-
ary of the Reformation, 1617 (6 var.); — Portrait- medal of John
George I. of Saxony ^. MONT.DVX.&c. Duke on horseback
(Engelh. n" 790); — Siege and Capture of Rautwu, 1620; —
Medd of Quoe
Hungarian and Bohemian Coronation of Kmg Matthias II. (1608)
^. MANET VLTIM A COELIS ; — Portrait-medal of the Emperor
Mathias II. and Empress Anne, on the Reichstag at R,itibbon,
1615 ; — John Casimir, Dulie of Saxony, i6i^ {ilinsiiated; a
variety reproduced in Tentf^el L. E. Plate 20. lis dated iliiS); —
of John Casimir, Duke of Saxony, 1613.
Naval Victory of Admiral van der Does, near the Canary Islands,
with bust on obv. of Prince Maurice of Orange-Nassau, 1595 ; —
Prince-Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg and consort Louise
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ofNassaii-Orange,'i646; — Brunswick medal of 1615, obv. AL/
CRITAS CALCAR LIBERALITAS J^. CAVTE Acrobats, &c.;-
Religious Medal, Ein vernunftig Weiberfrischtihres Manns Hert^, &c
- Another, Bust of Christ, EGO.SVM.VIA VERITAS E
VITA; — Reformation Memorial, 1630; — Proclamation Medal ar
Coronation of Matthias II., at Frankfort-on-M., 1612 (sev. var/
^— "Apostles" Medal; — Matthias II., Wars - against the Turk
1612; — Matthias II.'s solemn entry into Ratisbon, 1613; -
" Utraquistenmedaille"; — Ferdinand II. and the six Princ
Electors; — The Nuremberg Town Hall, 1619; — Rudolph 1
and the six Prince- Electors, 1607; — Medal of Strassburg, i6i'
— Siege of Brunswick, 161 5.
Among the, personal medals engraved by Christian Maler an
Martin Luther, 1617 (sev. var.); — Johanii Tserclaes Tilly, 162.
— Ernest, Count Mansfeld ; — Prince-Elector Frederick Willia
of Brandenburg and consort Louise of Nassau-Orange, 1646; ■
Duke John George I. of Saxony; — Prince Maurice of Orang
Nassau, 1600 and 1613 (sev. var.); — Georg Volckamer, 16
and 1627; -^ Emperor Marthias IL, obv. legei'id : MATTHL
MVNDI MODERATOR MAGNIFICATUS ; — Emperor Fi
dinand II. (sev. var.); — Frederick V., Count Palatine, King
Bohemia, 1619; — Rudolph' II.; — - Prince Henry Frederick,
Orange- Nassau ; — Christian I., Prince of Anhalt, 1607 (o-
medalet).
At the Kumtgezoerbe-Ausstdiung, Dresden, 1906, the followi
medals by Christian Maler were exhibited, which Prof. D'' B. Pi
de,scribes in his Catalogue : Emperor Rudolf II., 1603 (M.. gi
Gotha Museum); —John Casimir, Duke of Saxony, in Gobi
(-^.gilt. Weimar); — Anna, consort ot Prince Christian of Anha
,/Goo(^[c
- 544 —
i6o7 (iR. gilt); — Emperor Mathias and iiis familj'; Coro
medal of Frankforc-on-Main, 1612 {JR.. Gotlia); — Joachim
Ernest, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbacb, 1612 (jR.); — Ano-
ther, similar (but undated); — Ernst, Count of Mansfeld, undated
(jR. Gotha); — John Frederick, Duke of Wiirtemberg, undated
(^. eilt); — Maximilian, Duke of Bavaria, undated (JK. gilt.
Gotha); — Medal of the Bsyersdorf Convention, with busts of the
four Prankish Princes (^. gilt); — ■ John Georg I,, Prince Elector
of Saxony, 1320 (JR.. Gotha); — Johannes Dresel von Hoelfeld,
abbot ofErbach, i6i8(jR. gilt and enamelled. Gotha).
Christian Maler engraved dies for coins, as for instance the
" Reichsvikariat" Thalei' of John George I., 1612, and a Portrait-
thaler of George, Margrave of Brandenburg, but he never filled the
office of a Mint-engraver. According to Oesterreicher, he applied
on 13, November 1630 for the post of Die-cutter at the Vienna
Mint, and recalled in support of his appfication his twenty years'
services to that Mint.
By Christian Maler are also Porcrait-medallions in coloured wax.
BiBLioGEAPHY. — Bolzenthal, Kumt^eschichte der modernen Medaillen-Arheil,
Berlin, 1840. — Erman, Deutsche Medaitteure, Berlin, 1884. — Franks & Grueber,
Medaliic Illustrations, &c. — Animon, Sammhing leri'ihmter Medailletirs und
Mun^meister luhsl ihren Zeichen, Numberg, i7;B. — K6hler, MunzMusligungen,
pi. V, 281, XH, 17. — Wills, mmbergisehe Mimxpel., pi. I, jj.40. II, 140. IV,
307.195- — Seyler,LefcnFn(J. IViih. dis Grossen Churjiirslen ^iti Brandejihirg, p. 26.
— Numophyl. Burckh. PI. Il.noqiy, &c. iz)2, 1707, 1835, 2613. — Doppelraaier,
Hist. Nacb/: von Niimb. Malbematkis und K&mtleri., p. 215, — Votistdndig
Braunschweig. LUneburg. MUnsi mid Med. Cabin., nos 243. 1217. — Flad, Ben'ihmte
Medailteurs , — Lohner, Medailkn Sammiung, pi. II, 49. V, 297. VII. 417. —
Madai, Thder Cabinet, !io» 2168, 3794. — Ad. Hess Naclif., kdmmaim Sale Cola-
logue, 1892. — L. S; L. Hamburger, Saritalen Cabinet, IV. — T>' Merzbacher,
Kmsl-Medailkn Catalog, 1900. — Domanig, Porliatnredaillen des Eijljanses
Oestetreich, — Katalcg der Miinien- mid MedailUnStempelSammltmg des K. K.
Hmtptm&»x.amtes in Wten, 1901. — SchlickeyseQ-Pallmann, Abkiin;ui^en, etc.
— Menadier, Schaumiavzendes Rauses Hohenjollem, 1901. — Erbstein, Erdrtenmgen
auf dem Gebiete der Sitcbsischen MSn^und Medaillen-Gescbichle, Dresden, 1888. —
Theodor Distel, Nachrichten Ober den Corttraf actor und Eisenschneider Christian Maler
\u NUmberg, Blatter fQr MQnzfreuode, 1036. — Blanchet, op. cit., II. — Gebert-
liiXmhtrg,Geschichte der Mmistdtte der Reichstadt NUrnherg, 1891. — -Nagler, Neues
allgemeines Kiinstler-Lextcon, 1839. — H. W. Singer, Allgemeines Kniistler-Lexicon,
1898. — De Hisloriepenningen, en Munlen hetre0iing hebbende op bet Stamhiis van
Orange-Nassau. — 1> Julius Cahn, Medaillen und Plaketten-Sammlung W. P. Met^ler,
Frankfurt-am-Main. — Paul- Joseph & Eduard Fellner, Die MUn^jen von Frankfurt'
am-Main, 1896. — Fiala, Beschreibimg der Sammiung iahmischer Munlen und
Medaillen des Max Donebauer, Prag, 1888. — Catalogus der Nederlandsche en op
Nederlandbelrekking hebbende G/denkpenningert 1, 1903. — C. Oesterreicher, R^esten
aus J. Neiiiald's Fuhlicalionen iiber ost^reichische MUnxprdgutigen.
MALER, CHRISTOPH (Germ.). Die-cutter to the Vienna Mint, 1609.
His initials C, M. occur on Thalers of Vienna, of that date. But I
suspect the author of the Vienna Mint Catalogue has misinterpret-
ed these initials which undoubtedly stand for Christian Maler, who
was engaged on various occasions with work for the Vienna Mint.
o,C.oo(^lc
— 545 —
MALER, VALEMIN (Germ.). A celebrated Medallist of Nurem-
berg; son-in-law of Wenzel jamnitzer, the famous Nuremberg
goldsmith; and father of Christian Maler. The date of his activity
ranges from 1568 to 1603, in which year, according toDoppelmayr,
he probably died, Mummenhof has traced this artist's origin to
Iglau in Moravia, and Erman has further shown that before set-
tling at Nuremberg he had been employed as Mint- engraver at
Joachimsthal, He married Wenzel iamnitzer's daughter Maria in
1569, and by special favour of tlie Nuremberg Town Council
obtained the privileges of a Mastership,
It is highly probable that Valentin Maler settled at Nuremberg
in, or some time before 1568, A few years later we find him
taking up his residence at the Saxon Court, which might account
for the fact that of 1573 only one medal is known by the artist and
of 1574 and 1575 none at all. He may also have worked in Silesia.
After his return to Nuremberg, he remained in connection with the
Prince-Elector of Saxony, and in 1590 executed a Portrait-medal of
Christian I.
Valentin Maler's cast medals are usually signed : \/V\. The
following are known to Erman : Undatetf. Hans Erasmus von
Schwanberg, Mint-master-general for Bohemia, previous to 1566,
and perhaps Maler's chief, when engraver at the Joachimsthal Mint ;
it was executed before 1568 ; — Undated, Georg Piclil von Pichl-
berg, a Bohemian (aet. 26 ; i. e. modelled before 1568); — 1568.
Hans Thomas Newkum ; — Wenzel Jamnitzer (2 var. ; one, dated
ijyi, formerly in the T. W. Greene collection); — Katharina
Goswein : ~ Leonhart Tucher; — Lorenz Dnrnhofer ; —
ii Noih-^ nf Mid^mt
>stsd by Google
— 546 —
1)6^- JobstTetzel; — -Jacob Muffel;— Balihazar Derrer (r7/ju/mf-
ed)i — Sebald Haller ; — Gabriel Niitzel; — Andreas I. Imhof
(some varieties ; there was a coloured wax Portrait-medallion of the
same personage in the Felix collection); — 1570. Martin Holdwick;
— Susanna Holdwick ; — Sebastian Inihof; — Lienhard Dilherr;
Johann Hcrel.
— Stephan Breclitl the elder; — Erhard Behaim and consort Mag-
dalena; — rS7^- Christoph Creutz of Letnan in Bohemia; ■ — ■
Hans von Hohenwart, of Joachimsthal; — 1572. Margarethe
Gwandtschneider the elder (2 var.); — -MatthSus Fetzer; — I573-
Georg Roggenbach; — 1576. Georg Romer the younger (3 var,);
Martin Luther and Georg Myli
— Philipp Romer; — 1578. Matthias Schilherr and consort Anna;
— 1579. Johann Neudorffer junior; — 1580. Georg Roemer
junior; — ("1581?). Conrad Knipping, of Mergentheim (3 var.); —
(1581), Jonann Herd (illustrated); — 1582. Wenzel Jamnitzer,
oval; — 1583. Paul Scheurl; — Religious Medai with figure of
Christ; — (1584). Georg Mylius, the well-known Augsburg
,ledo/GoO(^[c
— 547 ^
theologian, l^. Head of Luther, in flat reViei (illuslrated) ; —
UndatetJ, johann Rieter, "I" 1584; — 1584. Wen^el Jamniczer,
oval; — Matthaeus Schyrer; — (1584). Ernst von Mengersdorf,
bishop of Bamberg; — Undated. Frederick VII. , of Limpurg,
Court Chamberkin to the Count Palatine, at Heidelberg; — ■
Martin Rehlen; — 1585. SigismundFeierabend; — 1587. Heinrich
Thenn (the head and arms are cast separately and soldered on a
silver plaque); — i593- Hermann Heher; ■ — ■ Undated. Joachim
Camerarius; — Simon Naub and consort (Naub was a native of
Frankfort-on-M,, his wife was of Nuremberg); — Felicitas Sidel-
mann; — - 1594. Johannes Masler (hi British Museum; published
by D"^ Juhus Cahu, Num. Chron. , 1904, pi. vii, 6) ; — Paul Luther,
(Luther's son), Facing portrait {Berl. Mim^liiHer, 1 903 ,
p. 390).
The above list of Maler's cast medals is no doubt very incom-
plete. Erman suggests that the following unsigned medals of Wurz-
burg and Bamberg are by him also. In style and workmanship they
bear a strong similarity to the medals of Georg Myhus of 1584 and
Matthias Schilherr of 1 578 ; the portraits are facing, and in very low
relief, and the lettering reminds one entirely of Maler's peculiar
characteristics. It is further known, from contemporary documents,
that the artist worked for the Bishop of Bamberg, but did not sign
his productions at the episcopal court. Heller (p. 27) has recorded
a payment of 22 florins made to Maler for the modelling of the
Portrait-medal of Ernst von Mengersdorf, bishop of Bam berg ; a cast
in gold was made of this by the Bamberg goldsmith, Bernhard
Rchm. Erman ascribes to Valentin Maler the Portrait-medals of :
1575- Julius Echter, bishop of Wurzburg; — 1577- Wiihelm
Schutzper, surnamed Milchling, of Wurzburg {Zeils. f. Num., lo,
174); — Johann Georg, bishop of Bamberg; — Undated. Adam
Calvus, of Wurzburg ; — Lienhart Hiebner and consort Barbara
(probably a son of Lienhart Hiebner of Nuremberg, who was born
in 1502).
Amongst the unsigned Nuremberg Povtrait-medals in very low
relief Erman suggests the attribution of the following to Valentin
Maler, and in support of this he points out that thel-'eizer medal
of 1576 is a copy of that of 1572, which bears the artist's mono-
gram. As however, Maler's productions before 1568 cannot be
traced, there must still be some uncertainty as to the authorship of
these medals : 1367. Paul Behaim ; — 1573- Gabriel Tucher ; —
1575. Lorenz Zollikofer; — 1576. Matthaeus Fetzer; — Leonhardt
Nierenberger and consort Frau Froniga; and probably also : 1580.
Willibald Imhof the Elder; and 1588. Michael lensinger.
Many of the medals formerly ascribed to Wenzel Jamnitzer
belong in reality to Valentin Maler.
,stsd by Google
- 548 -
Besides the above-mentioned cast medals, Maler is the author of
numerous struck pieces, most of which, says Erman, were made
for sale, but some also as Presentation-pieces for princes, as the oval
badge of Charles II. of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (^Zeits.fur hlum.,
XI, pi. 2). These struck medals are by no means inferior in style
to the cast pieces, but are usually signed V.M. or still more frequent-
ly : V.M.CVMPRIVILE. CAES. ; and also FA. V.M.C. PRIVILE (Fadebat
Valentin Maler cum Privilegio). The following struck medals bear
Valentin Maler's signature ; they however represent but a portion
of the artist's productions in that category : Jakob Scholtz (one of
the artist's earliest medals, the dies of which were formerly preserv-
ed at the Joachimsthal Mint); — Portrait-jeton of Valentin Maler;
— Maximilian 11.,^. Eagle supporting orb in its claws(sev, var.);
— Coronation Medal of the Emperor Rudolph II., 1576 and 1589
(sev. var.) ; — Medal of the Prince-Electors,^. MANE NOBISCVM
&c. (sev. var.) ; — Medal of the Augustine friar Gottfried, of Raab,
1601; — LconhardDilherrvonThummenberg, ofNuremberg;— Se-
baldHallervonHallerstein, 1569; — StephanBrechtl, mathematician,
of Nuremberg; — Wolff von Breuningen; — S. Ludovicus Schau-
blein(?); — Homage to the Emperor Rudolph II. and his ancestors,
1590 and 1594 (sev. var.) ; ^Nuremberg New year's Medal, 1 5 80 ; —
Building of the Fleischbriicke on the Pegnitz, by the Nuremberg Urban
Council, 1598; — Accession of Prince-Elector Christian II. , Duke of
Saxony, 1601; — ^.Jewelled Badge of Duke Augustus of Saxony,
circ. 1574 (2 var.); — Medallic Thaler of Christian, Duke of
Saxony, 1590; The Prince-Elector on horseback;^. Arms; —
Commemorative Medai of the Shooting F&te at Nuremberg, 1592;
— Birth of Princess Claude of France, a presentation piece to
Nuremberg notabilities, 1580 ; — Medal of 1599 struck in honour
of the Burgomaster and Aldermen of Frankfort-on-M. (sev. var.);
— "Shooting" Thaler of Frankfort-on-M., 1582 (sev. var.); —
Capture of tne Fortress of Raab (Schwarzenberg), 1598; —
Various Religious medals ; — Jakob Fugger the wealthy (attributed
to Durer by Erman); — Bishop Johann von Speyer (the last two
medals are very similar in style), &c.
At the Dresden 'Kunstgewerbe-Ausstellung', 1906, the following
medals by Valentin Maler were exhibited, and they are described in
Prof. D"' B. Pick's catalogue : Andreas Imhoff, 1569 (lead, uniface);
— Jakob Muffel, 15 69 (lead, uniface); — Wenzel Jamnitzer, 1571
(lead, uniface); — Julius Echter, bishop of Wurzburg, 1575 (M..
gilt); — Another, smaller (jR.); — Georg Mylius, of Augsburg
(^. Martin Luther), 1584 {J?^. gilt. Gotha); — Wenzel Jamnitzer,
1584 (lead, Gotha); — Slgismund Feierabend, of Frankfort, 1585
(^.) ; — Hieronymus Paumgartner, 1598 (^. gilt). All the
above are cast medals, whereas the following are strudi specimens :
,/ Google
— 549 —
Emperor Rudolf II., undated (.R. Gotha) ; — Prince-Elector's
medal, 1589; — King David. Medal of David Weiss of Augsburg;
— Balthasar Panmgartner, 1592 (lead, uniface. Gotha). The last
may be by Val. Maler, and Is a cast piece.
Johann Neudorffei, by V. Maler.
Some interesting notes are given by D' Julius Cahii in his
article on German Renaissance Medals (Num. Chron., 1904, p. 41) :
" So far as the technical work of medals of the German Renaissance
is concerned, the masters of the sixteenth century preferred casting,
only few examples of striking being in existence. It is well known
that casting is the nobler and more artistic method of producing
Andreas Imhoff.
(^Portrait-medallion in w.
medals, and among all nations the best work in this branch of art
has been done in this way.
"The models were, as a rule, first carved in wood, the letters
being afterwards fastened on. Many of these wooden models are
loBtsdo/Googlc
— 550 —
still preserved, and serve as ornaments of our collections. A good
many medals were also executed in honestone. The art of model-
ling in wax came into use later, but, once known, was soon in
general favour. The finished cast was often worked over with the
chisel, in order to bring out details. But there are also in existence
most successful casts which have not been touched. The metal in
general use was bronze; silver was less used at first, and one must
not de surprised to find that many of the medals are of lead. The
first casts, which were at the same time the proofs, were always
produced in the less valuable metal, and of many medals we possess
only these casts in lead."
Valenitn Maler, says D' B. Pick, modelled his medals in wax,
and many of his Portrait-medallions in wax are still in existence.
One of Andreas Imhoff (illustrated) was formerly in the Felix
Collection.
The artist was employed also by various mints, as Wurzburg,
Nuremberg, &c., to engrave coin-dies. A rare Guldenthaler of
Wurzburg, dated 1593, bears his initials.
Bibliography. — Ermstn, op. «(., pi jj. — Mumiuenhof, Aiii- J. Kunde d.
Varr., 24, p. 253. — Heller, BambergUche Mmxen.f^. 27, 28. — Ammon, op.cit.,
no 61. — Nitmopbyl. Burckhard, p. II, n"' 915-916. — Doppelmaier, op. cil.,
p. 210, 215. — Flad, op. cii. — Wills, op. cit., II, 137, &c. ; III, 34;, 393,422;
IV, 219, 243, 2SO, 315. — Nagler, Altgsmeines Kmstier-Lexikon, 1839. — Fiala,
0*. cit. — D' JuliusCahn, Medaillen «. PlaketUii der Sammlang W. P. Mets;ler. —
Ibid., Inediled or ran. German Medals in tbi British Mujsam, Num. Chron,, 1904,
p. 60. — Bolzajithal, op. cit — Domanig, op. cit. — L. and L. Hamburger, Rari-
tdten-Calinet, IV, n" 390. — D' Merzbacher, Kiinsl-Medailleii-Katahg, 1900. —
Bahrfetdt, Mfin^e?; der Fiirstsnthiimer Hohen^ollern. — Katahg der Mi'mjen-tind
Medaillen Stempd-!>amml%mg des K. K. HauptmUnt^mtes in Wien, 1901. —
Erbstein, op. cit. — Blanche!, op. cit., II, 375. — Ad. Hess Nachf., Reimmami
Sale Catdl<mte, 1892. — N. Rondot and H. de La Tour, Lis nddaiUmrs el les
graveurs as nuniiiaies, jetoiis et mSdailles en France, 1904. — Paul Joseph and
Eduard Fellner, op. cit. — H. W. Singer, Ailgemeines Kilnsller-Lexikon, 1898.
— Dr Geoi^ Habich, Studien \ur Deuischen Renaissance-medailk, 1906.
MALFREDUS, PETROS (French'). Mint-master and Engraver to
Aymar VI., comte de Valentinois, 1358. He was a native of
Marcilia.
MALGRIN (French). According to Bolzenthal, a Die-sinker whose
productioiis commemorate events of the French Revolution, 1789-
1793 ; one of tbem is a Badge of Huissier d'honiieur a I'Assemblee
nationale, 1789, described in Hennin, Hiu. num. de la Rihiolution
frangaise, p. GG.
MALIPIERO, URBANO (Ilal.). Mint-master at Venice, circ. 1630.
MALL, CHANDA (Ind.). A notorious manufacturer of antiquities and
coins, a native of Rawal Pindi, by whom are Parthian coinsand in
particular gold statersandsilvertetradrachmsof Andragoras.(r»WeSir
,/Goo(^[c
Henry Howorth, Somi Notes on Coins atinhuted lo Parthia, Num.
Chron., 1905, p. 209 sqq,)
MALLEROYS, GUILLATJME DE (French). Mine-master at Dijon under
Henry III. (privy mark-^ M), the League, and Henry IV., 1596--
1596. His successor was Guillaume Audinelle.
MALLET, CHARLES (French). Contemporary Gem-engraver, born
at Seraur (C6te-d'Or); pupil of M. Macquet. At the Salon of 1885
lie exhibited two intaglios in sardonyx ; The Fariiese Heraldes —
Herakles crushing the lion.
MALLET, JACQUES (>S"t!/('sj). Mint-master at Geneva, 10. January —
29. December, 1655. D' Demole remarks that he has not met with
Genevese coins of that date.
MALM, J. A. (Swed.). Sculptor and Medallist of Stockholm, first
half of the nineteenth century. His initials I.A.M. occur on a Portrait-
medallion in gold of Prof. Peter Heinrich Ling (iyjG--\- 1839),
which was presented by his pupil in 1821.
MAIiMBERG, HANS (Swed.). Mint-master at Stockholm, 1738-
1762. Th;ilers and other coins of Frederick (1746-1751) and
Adolph Frederick, bear his initials H.M.
MALPELLIS, BARDET DE (Bclg.). Mint-master at Ghent,
10. December to 22. July 1357.
MALTESE (Ital.). Mint-engraver at Turin, ciir. 1735.
MALTHDS, jOnxHK (Austr.). Mint-warden at Budweis, appointed
4. August 1569. Certain documents call him HANNS MATHES.
MALTRAVEBS, HENRY, LORD (Brit.). Is.sued, in conjunction, with
Sir Francis Crane, the so-called Rose or Royal Farthings of
Charles I., under a patent granted in 1635,
Bibliography. — H. A. Grueber, Handbook of the Coins of Great Britain and
Ireland, London, 1899.
E (French). Mint-master at
His privy mark on tne coins is an episcopal 1
Bibliography. — Mazerolle, op. cil. — E. Faivre, op. cit.
MALVETER, HANNS (Auslr.). Mint-engraver at Freyberg. At the
beginning of 1594 he cut dies for the smaller currency issued at
Hal!, and Oesterreicher adds that he may have been the engraver
of the Alsatian Double Thaler of Archduke Ferdinand, the work of
which is rather inferior.
,stsd by Google
MALYNES, GERARD (Brit.) and William Cockayne, contractors
for an issue of ^E Farthings of James I. Before these, grants had
been made, first to Lord Harrington (i/. v.), then to his widow.
Lady Anne Harrington, and afterwards to the Duke of Lennox and
others.
BiBuooRAPHY. — Montagu, Copper Coins of England, 1893.
MAW, PAUL (v^wjJc.). Mint-master at Schweidnitz, circ. 1525.
MANCEAU, JACQUES LE (French). Mint-master at Angers, 1399.
MANFELD, ROBERT (French). Mint-master at London, anno 4 of
Henry VL ; London and Calais, (j«n/ 34-38. His initial, the letter M,
occurs also (in centre of the cross) on coins of Canterbury and
Durham, showing that the dies were issued by the Master of the
Mint in the Tower of London.
BiBLioGiiAPiiY. — Ruding, op. cit.
MANFREDINI, LUIGI (ltd.). Medallist, born at Bologna in 1771,
died on 22. June 1840. He was for many years Protessor of Medal-
lie Art at the Milan Academy ot Arts, and Minc-engravet there.
Napoleon I., 5 Lire, 1811.
rom 1798 to 1830, (first as assistant, then chief-engraver from
1S08) during which period he cut dies for the Kingdom of ItalVj the
Austrian province of I.ombardy, and executed a series of medals ot
indisputable merit. His predecessor and colleague at the Mint was
Giuseppe Salvirch, by whom are also Milanese Patterns of Napo-
leon I. The Medallist Gerolamo Vassallo was also a colleague
with Manfredini as Engraver at the mint from 1808 to 1819.
Manfredini's series of coins comprise : Napoleon I. N . 40 Lire,
1808-1814; 20 Lire, 1808-1814; .iR..l5 Lire, 1808-1814; 2 Lire, Lira,
15, 10 and 5 Soldi, 1808-1814; Parpagliola, 1808-1813; 35 Cen-
>sted by Google
— 553 —
tesimi, 1808; Ai. Soldo, 1807-1813; 3 Centesmi, 1807-18 13 ; Cen-
tesimo, 1807-1S13. Also various Patterns of 1806 and 1807, and a
curious Lira of 1810 reading NATOLEONE. — FrancisJ. Various
Pattern coins : M^. Scudo da 6 Lire, 1816 (2 proofs in the Imperial
Medal of the Cisalpine Republic, 1797, by Maiifredi
Museum, Vienna); Lira austriaca 1822, 23, 24; MezKa Lira, and
Quarto di Lira, 1822-1824; i^, j Centesirai, 1832 and 1834 ; 3 Cen-
tesimi, and Centesimo, 1822 and 1834, Currency : M. Sovrano,
,stsd by Google
— 5 54 ~
1820-1830; I Sovrano, 1820 and 1822; jR. Tallero, 1819-1831 ;
Fiorino, 1822-24, 1^27, &c. — Marie-Louise, Duchess of Parma.
N. 40 and 20 Lire, 18 15 and 1832; JR . ^, 2, and i Lire, 1815 and
1832, and subsidiary currency, J^. 5 and ro Soldi; JE. i, 3 and
5 Centesimi, 1815, 1830, 1832, &c.
The list of Manfredini's medals is a large one, but only the
following have come under my notice. They are usually signed :
L.M.; bur also M. ; L. MANFREDISI and L.F.M. : Napoleone Bona-
parte ^. Cisalpine Republic, 1797 ; Bonaparte 1^. DVX'TVTVS-
Sac. (illustrated'); — Attempt on Napoleon's life, 1800; — 'Courrier
national' of the Cisalpine Repubhc, 1801 ; — Constitution at
Lyons of the Cisalpine Republic, 1802 (4 var.) ; — ■ The Commune
of Parma to Bodoni, 1802; — Royal Institute of Sciences and Arts,
1806; — Coronation of Napoleon I. at Milan, 1805 (2 types; one
with : LA 2ECCA DI MILANO . MAGGIO on obv.); — Capture
of Vienna, 1805; — Battle ol Jena, 1806; — Prize Medal of the
Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Milan, 1806 (sev, var.) ; — - Medal
of tiie Royal Italian Institute of Sciences, Letters and Arts, 1806
(signed : L); — General Marmont; dedicated by the inhabitants of
Spalatro in Dalmatia, 1807; — Milanese Prize Medal for useful
Discoveries, 1807; — Battle of Ratisbon, 1809 (RC. only; obv.
by Vassalio); — Battle of Wagram and Campaign of 1809 (2 var,) ;
— Marriage of Napoleon I, with Marie Louise, 1810 (Hymen
driving Mars before him); — Birth of the King of Rome, 1811;
— Return of Duke Francesco IV. to Modena, 1814 ; — Proclama-
tion (Giuramento) Medal of Francis I., of the Lombardo-Venetian
Kingdom, at Milan, 1815 (struck in three sizes, both for Venice and
Milan); — Visit of Francis I. to Milan, 1816 (^. only) ; — Visit
of Francis I. to the Milanese Mint; — Visit of the Archduke John
to the Mint of Milan, 1816; — Visit of the Archduke Raiuer to
the Milanese Mint, i8r6; — Belzoni's discoveries In Egypt,
medal presented by the inhabitants of Padua, 1819 ; — Elizabeth,
Duchess of Devonshire (sev. var., with the Column of Focas at
Rome, &c,) ; — Helmeted head of Athena; — Laureate bust of Dante ;
— Bust of Virgil; — Death of Lord Byron at Missolonghi,
1824 (sev. var., with Sepulchral urn ; Nude male figure leaning on
a globe; Female figure wearing mural crown; and smaller med-
alets); — Giovanni Battista Bodoni, typographer, 1802; — Marie
Louise, Empress of Au.stria, 1S16, Memorial Medal (struck by
order of Francis I.); ■ — Joseph Eckhel, numismatist, 1837; — -
Coronation of Ferdinand I., Emperor of Austria, 1831 ; — D''Gia-
como Tommasini, of Parma, 1822 ; — D*^ A, Scarpa, of Pavla; —
Galileo Galilei; ^ D' A. Sacco, of Milan; — Giuditta Pasti,
l^i,. Heads of Goldoni and Alfieri, 1829; - — James, Count of
Carrara, Director of the Academy of Bergamo, 1797 (this is the
./Google
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first Porcrair-medal engnived by the arcist); — Arcliduke Rainer,
Viceroy of Lombardy, 1818; — Giuseppe Barbieri, 1833; —
Inauguration of the Bridge on the Trebia, 1825 (a successful
medal, with portraits of Francis 1. and his daughter Marie-Louise) ;
— Prize Meaal of the Milanese MiHtary Academy ; — Prize Medal
of the Academy of Fine Arts of Venice (with ^L. Minerva); —
Coronation Medal of Ferdinand I., 1838; — Medal of the "Acade-
raia filodrammarica " of Milan, 1S40, with busts of Goldoni and
Alfieri (one of Manfredini's last productions) ; — Industrial Pri-se
Medal ofPrague fobs', only); — Andrea Appiani, 1S26; — Leo-
nardo da Vinci (2 var.); — Faocesco Hayes, etc.
Luigi Manfredini rose to the first rank of early nineteenth cen-
tury Italian medallists; his coins, in particular, display a great effort
of art. Many of his medals were from designs of the celebrated
painter, Appiani, whose portrait he lias represented on a medal
executed in 1826.
BiBUOGRAJHY. — Giiecchi, Lb Mamie di Milano. — Hennin, Hhtoii
Dr F, P. Weber, op. dt. — Alfredo Commandmi, Vltalia n
XlX^iSot'i^oo), Milano, 1901. — H. W. Singer, Allgmneities Kiinslkr-Lextkon,
1898. — Ad. Htss Nachf., Reimmann Sale Catalc^rie, 1892. — Jos. C. Adam,
Die Meisler der sogenannten 'Schwarzen Midaillen , Mitth. des Klubs, &c., 1902.
f. ji. — Spink's Numismatic Circular, vol. Vlll, col. 3869. — Schlickeysen-
allmann, op. cit. — H. A. Grueber, English Personal Medals from ij6o. —
E. Fiala, op. cit. — Thomsen Bronce-Medailler. — Domanig, op. cit. — Bolzenlhal,
op. cit.
MANFREDINI, LUIGI Junior (Ital.). Son of the last; Sculptor and
Founder of Milan, second and third quarters of the nineteenth cen-
tury. By him are the Bas-reliefs of the Milanese Triumphal Arch,
ana the statue of V. Monti in the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele, He
has also executed cast Portrait-medallions in bronze.
MAWFREZ, PIERRE (Sudss). A native of Flanders, who filled the
post of Mint-master and Engraver at Lausanne, under the Bishop
Guy de Prangins, from circ. 1375-1378. He was commissioned to
Demi-Gros of Guy de Prangins, bishop of Liiusanne (: 575-1 378).
strike Deniers, Mailles, and Demi-Gros (of 6 Deniers, conmionly
known as Sesem, or in Latin Sextt).
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MANGEM or MANGIN, A. (Port.). Mint-engraver, of foreign origin,
at Lisbon, during the seventeenth century. His signature: A. MAN-
GIN F. occurs on a Portrait-medal of John V. of Portugal, 1717,
reproduced in Fern^ndes, Meiiwria das Medalhas e Condecora(o^s por-
tuguexfis, 1 86 1,
Bibliography. — Raczynski, Dictionnmre Jiistorko-arHuique dii Portugal, 1847.
MANGO (Ilal.). Cameo-engraver at Rome, circ. 1790-1810, with
whom the celebrated Benedetto Pistrucci wast first placed in
apprenticeship.
MANIGRAM (Jnd.'). Mint-engraver at Calcutta, 1804; a native
Die-sinker.
MANlfiRE, £MILED£sIR£ MARIE (French). Contemporarj' Sculp-
tor, born at Orleans; pupil ot Monceau and Chapu. At the Salon of
189 1 he exhibited a Portrait-medallion of M. H, Chouppe; — 1892.
M"' Maniere ; — Charles S*** ; — ^ D' E. Arque ; ■ — M. Monceau.
MANIGLIER, HENRI CHARLES (French). Sculptor of the second halt
of the nineteenth century, born at Paris, 11. October 1826 ; pupil
of Rameyand Dumont. By him are numerous Portrait-medalhons,
among which I have noted : 1864. M"' J. M***; — 1866.
M. Bonnet; — 1869. M"= Cartenier; — 1875. M""^ J. M***; —
1884. M. Chauvel.
- Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit.
MANIKDS, P. F. (Dutch). Editor of a Prize Medal of the town of
Arnhem, 1878, engraved by J, A. de Vries.
BiBLioGiiAPHY. — Tijdschriji, &c., X, 193.
MANLEY, J. (Amer.). Medallist of Philadelphia, last decade of the
eighteenth century. In 1790 he issued a Portrait-medal of Washing-
ton, as First President of the United States, 1789, which bears a
striking likeness. It is signed : J. MANLY. A small masonic medal,
of 1797, unsigned, has a similar portrait.
Bibliography. — J. R. Soowden, 77m Medals 0/ JFiij/jmf(ra, Phikdelpliia,
1R61.
MANLICK, PAUL (Belg.). Aburgherof Liege, who, under a patent
of 27. August 1613, was allowed to issue JB^. Testons, Doubles,
and Quarter Testons.
Bibliography. — ■ Serrure, Dkthimaire, &c.
MANLIUS TORQOATUS, h.(Rom.). Mint-master (Tn'Mmwr moneta-
lis) at Rome, circ. B.C. 54.
MANLY. Vide MANLEY supra.
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MANN, GEORG MICHAEL (Germ.). Warden of tlie Mint M Nurem-
berg in conjunction with the Mint-master Lauffer in 1755, and
Forster, till 1780.
MANN, SAMUEL (Germ.). xMint-warden, in the service of Brati-
denburg, at Kitzingenand Onolzbach, 163 1 (Spiess, II).
MANNEVILLE, ANDRfi (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Paris; pupil ofPuech and Patey. By him is as Portrait-pkquette
of a Lady, which was exhibited at the Salon of 1897.
MAHNLICH, HEIKRICH (Germ.). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver at
Augsburg, -[■ i6^S (Rosenberg, Merkietchm, 66).
MANNLICH, JOHANN HEINRICH (Germ.). Goldsmith and Scal-
engraver at Augsburg, -{- 1718.
MANNO (ItaL). Goldsmith of the sixteenth century, a pupil ot
Cellini, who worked in the service of the Farnese family and the
Popes. His name frequently occurs in pontifical documents for
plate, jewellery, decorative plaques &c. he was ordered to execute.
MANOZ, JEAN SE (French). Mint-master at Bayonne, circ.
1597-
MANSUY, CHARLES (French). Medallist at Nancy, circ. 1688-1690.
By him are some medals of local interest only.
Bibliography. — Rondot et de La Tour, op. cil.
MANSUY, DOMINIQUE LEOPOLD (French). Medallist at Nancy,
circ. i7^3--I' 1743- He was the son of Charles Mansuy, and born in
1708. His signature occurs on some medals of local interest, and
he probably worked also as a Die-cutter at the Mint.
MANSUY, JEAN (French). Medallist (/cw7/mr rfWfl'>«) of Nancy,
son of Mansuy-Gauvain, during the latter end of the reign of Duke
Antoine, 1542-1544.
BiBtioGRAPHY. — Lepage, op. at.
MANSVELT & ZOON, P. (Dutch). Issuers of medals at The
Hague; amongst these: 50"' Anniversary of the Battle of Water-
loo, with bust of William II. of Holland, 1865 ; — 25''' Anniver-
sary oi King William III.'s reign, 1849-1874; — ^ Jubilee of the
Independence of Holland, 1863, &c.
BiBLioGKAPHY. — Tijdidmfl, &c.
MANTEGNA, ANDREA (ItaL). A celebrated Italian Painter and
Engraver, born at Padua, 1430-1504. His works were numerous;
he did altar-pieces and frescoes, his greatest being "The Triumph
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of Caesar". He was a man of versatile genius and poet as well^as
painter. His influence on Italian art was very considerable.
At the Victoria and Albert Museum, South Kensington, are two
bronze Plaques, both representing The Entombment, probably
contemporary adaptations from the engraving on the same subject
by Mantegna.
Others, Christ standing in the Sepulchre; — The Virgin and
child under a canopy with saints; — A Roman sacrifice, &c. are
described in Fortnum's Catalogue oi Brmiz^s in the South Kensington-
Museum, as of the school of Mantegna.
Mantegna may be the author of the admirable bronze Portrait-
medallion of himself on his tomb in the chapel of S. Giovanni, in
Sant' Andrea Basilica at Mantua.
MANTICA, AMBROGIO {Ital) of Genoa. Goldsmith, Jeweller and
Gem-engraver, who worked atRome, aVc. 1485-1489.
MANTICA, BENEDETTO (Ital.). Engraver, condemned to death at
Sienna in 1441 for issuing false coins.
BiBLiOGHAPHY. — E. Miimz, Les Arts a la Courdes Papes, &c.
MANTUAN MEDALLIST of 1506. An unknown Mantuan Medal-
list worked as Mint-engraver at Hall (Tyrol) in 1506, and executed
several medals with busts of the Emperor Maximilian I. and con-
sort, Bianca Maria Sforza I^. Virgin and Child; also coins, obv.
Head of Maximilian I, ^. Crowned eagle, etc.
Possibly MAN MARCO CA¥ALLI (Vol. I, p. 365).
Bibliography. — Armand, op. cit., Ill, 47. — Kmntr, Jahrbuch dir Kumt-
insloruchen Sammhingea dcs alkriiochsien Kaiserhauses, x, IV, p. 4.
MANZ, RUDOLF (Swiss). Tin Founder at Zurich, in the early years
of the nineteenth century. By him are : Medal commemorating the
Defence of Zurich during the bombardment of the city by the
Helvetic troops under General Andermatt, 1802 ; — Expedition to
Affoltern, 1804, &c.
BiBLioGRAJHY. — W. Tobler-Meyef, IHe Milti^- und Medaillm-Sammliuigm da
Hcrrn Hans IV under! y-v. Muralt, Zurich, 1896.
MAPPIN & WEBB (Brit.). Silversmiths of Sheffield and London,
published various medals, among them, one of the University of
Durham, College of Medicine, two varieties of which are in the
Boston collection.
MAO, MACC (Germ). Moneyer at Ratisbon, 955-985. -
MAR., F. (Gernt.). A sixteenth century Plaque, in the Dreyfus
collection, bears this signature, and represents a nude female figure
riding on a dolphin (Dlam, 44 mill.).
Bibliography. — Molinier, Us Plaqveltes, II, 16R.
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MAR., T. Signature on a cornelian intaglio, representing Cupid
teaching an old Faun, who is kneeling, to play on the flute.
MARATHI. This signature occurs on an intagho with a representa-
tion of the Discobolus (^Vtde Raspe, Tassics Gems, n" 7977)-
MARBEAUX or MARBEAO (^French). Goldsmith and Engraver, by
whom is a Portrait-medal of Louis XV., 1738.
MARC ANTONIO SPINELLI (Ilal.). Mint-engraver at Venice,
appointed in 1572, in succession to Andrea Spinelli, his father.
Fide SFimiLl.
MARCEL, ANDRYT (French) " Anglo-Gallii: " Mint-master at Le
Mans, 1 43 1.
MARCEL, CLAUDE (French). Assay er- general of French coins,
1564-5.
MARCEL, fiTIENNE (French). Mint-master at Rouen, 1426, under
Henry VI. of England.
MARCEL, JACQUES (French). Mint-master at Rouen, 1393.
MARCEL, ?l-£hRE (French). Moneyer at Paris, 1556.
MARCEL, REGNAUD (FrewA), Goldsmith and Engraver, n'/T. 1371-
1 389, also called " Regnaut lo dourer, Regnaut I'of.ivro, Regnaut lo
tailleour".
BiBUoGHAPHY. — Rondot, op. cit.
MARCELLIN, JEAN BAPTISTE (fr^Wi:^). Sculptor of the second half
of the nineteenth century, born at Gap, 34, May 1821; pupil of
F. Rude, and the ficoledes Beaux Arts. By him are numerous Portrait-
medallions : 1849, M-'^ W***; — M. Marccllin;— 1864. M""^ J***;
— 1868. Faure; — M"" B***; — 1877. M"^ A. R***; — 1878.
M"'=F. G***.
MARCELLO, ALOYSIO (Ital.). Mint-master at Venice, 1624-1629,
under the Doge, Giovanni Cornaro. Some of his issues are signed :
A.M.
MARCELLO, LORENZO (i/a/.). Mint-master at Venice, 1707; privy
mark : L.M.
MARGELLUS, M. This signature occurs on a gem in the Stosch
Collection, representing Herakles extended on his lion's skin with
the quiver in his right hand.
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MARCET, JACQUES {Swiss). Mint-master at Geneva, 1708. A
contract was passed with him on 10. December 1707. His issues
bear his initials I.M.
MARCET, PAUL {Siviss). Mint-contractor, with whom a treaty
was passed by the city of Geneva on 25. June 1677; Jean anii
Andre Emery undertook striking currency for him, A six Sol piece
of 1678 in the Wunderly Collection (n° 3041) bears the privy
mark JE., which represents Marcet and Emery. Possibly this mono-
gram is not accurately drawn, but I have given it after Demoie's
design.
BiBLioGiiflPHY. — E. Demole, op.dl.
MARCEUR, iOmi(French). Mint-masterat St. Lo, underHenryV.
of England, appointed in 141 9 "to make money therein".
MARCHAIS (French). Engraver at the Mint of Bordeaux, 1870.
In December 1870, during the siege of Paris, 5 and 2 Franc pieces
were issued at Bordeaux (letter K), bearing instead of an anchor
(privy mark of Albert Barre, Engraver general), a star, on which is
punched an M, Marchais' initial.
MARCEAND {French). Die-sinker, whose signature occurs on a
medal of the Societe dc Mi^decine, of Caen .
MARCHAND, GOTTFRIED (Austr.). Mint-master at Salzburg, 1709.
MARCHAND, KOKRAD {Austr.). Mint-master at Salzburg, circ.
1693.
MARCHANT. VideLY. MARCHANT, supra, p. 390.
MARCHANT, NATHANIEL {Brit.\ Gem-engraver and Medallist,
born in Sussex in 1739, died in Somerset Place, London, in April
1816, aged 77. He was a pupil of Edward Burch, R. A., and in 1766
became a Member of the Incorporated Society of Artists. In 1773,
he went to Rome, where he studied and worked for sixteen years.
He sent impressions from ancient intaglios to the Royal Academy
from 1781 to 17S5. and continued to exhibit there until i8ri. In
1791 he was elected Associate of tlic Royal Academy, and Acade-
mician in 1809. He was also a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries,
and a Member of the Academies of Stockholm and Copenhagen.
Marcliant was employed from about 1782 by the Royal Mint;
not as Engraver of dies, but, under the appellation of Probationer,
or Designer, to make models for L. Pingo and T. Wyon, the engrav-
ers, to copy; and held the office till 181 5, when lie was superan-
nuated. He was also styled Engraver of H.M's seals.
The earliest coins for which Marchant executed models appear to
be Pingo's Seven Shilling Pieces, 1804, 6, 8, 9, lO, 11, 13,
lo.tedo/GoogIc
althougli, we gather, from Ruding, that he was appointed Probation-
er at the Mint in anno 37 of George III. (1797). His head of the
King appears further on the Bank Token Coinage of 1812, consisting
ot 3 sh., I s. 6 d., 9 d., which was continued until 1816 (except
the 9 d. which exists only for 1812) ; Bank of Ireland 10 d. Token,
181 3 ; and Guinea (the so-called " Military Guinea") of 1813, which
is by Thomas Wyon.
Marchant's bust of George ni. occurs on Half Guineas of 1804,
1806, i8o8-i8ii,and 1813, and Seven Shilling pieces of same dates.
It was copied by Wilham Wyon on his Pattern Crown of 1817.
Marchant's signature : N. MARCHAKT is found also on some medals,
as on the large gold Peninsular Medal, the ^. of which represent-
ing Britannia, he modelled. The same type occurs on the small gold
Peninsular Medal, which is however unsigned.
"As an Intaglio-engraver," observes BiUing, "Marchant was
one of the best and, in a pecuniary point of view, most successful
of the Gem-engraveis of the eighteenth century ; his works,
excepting portraits, are all copies from the antique statues in
Rome ; they are all intaglios, except one poor copy, from an obelisk,
of a hieroglyphic Sphinx, — which is not a real bas-relief, but
sunken, hke the Egyptian one on the staircase of the British
Museum. "
_ King calls Marchant the chief of English Gem-engravers of the
eighteenth century, and says that he executed many fine works,
both modern portraits, antique heads, and groups in the Greek
style. He adds : " There is much grace and delicacy in his figures,
but the finish of them is too minute to be effective, and consequently
his heads are deficient in boldness and expression. At the sight of
his engravings you become sensible that they were executed with
the aid of a powerful magnifying glass, and they require to be
viewed through such a medium to produce their full effect. This
is a common error with modern engravers, and one of Pichler's
chief merits is that he has avoided it, and that his works, like
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those of the ancient arcists in this Hne, produce their effect on the
eye at the first glance. Marchant'ssltill was, however, fully appreciat-
The large gold 'Peninsulai: Medal',
cd in his own times; probably from the circumstance of his
carrying on his profession at Rome, and thus becoming known to
wealthy English amatenrs, who at all times have preferred to pay
ponnds for works of art abroad, rather than as many shillings for
productions of equal merit executed at home. I have seen a Sard,
engraved by him, with two female figures, the one seated, the
o,C.oo(^lc
- S63 -
Other standing by her, apparently portraits, for which he was paid
200 guineas. Clarac mentions his having been shown at Otranto a
paste taken from one of Marchant's gems, which, backed with a
slice of Sard after the usual manner of sucli forgeries, had been sold
at an enormous price to an amateur as a first class Greek work,
recently discovered in that locality. "
Marchant's genis are usually signed : MARCHAKT; — N. MAR-
CHANT; —MAPXANT enOiei; — andalsoMARCHANT F, ROMX.
"The artist", says Mr. Wroth, "had a high and well-merited
reputation as a Gem-enaraver, His productions are intaglios, and
consist of portraits from the life, and of heads, figures and groups. "
In his style, he successfully imitated the archaic Greek, especially
coins, in its sublime simplicity, but with a little stiffness. (Nagler's,
Kunstkr-Lexihm).
Intaglio, by Marchant.
"He pubUshed by subscription in 1792, "A Catalogue of one
hundred Impressions from Gems engraved by Nathaniel Marchant,
London, 4'°, to accompany a selection of casts of his intaglios.
A number ot his works are described in Raspe's ' Tassie's Gem Cata-
logue'. Various intaglios by him are in the British Museum, but
many of his choicest pieces were made for the Marlborough cabin-
et, and among these may be mentioned his 'Hercules restoring
Atcestis to Admetus ', a commission from the Elector of Saxony,
and a present from him to the Duke of Marlborough. The duke
sometimes specially sent fine stones to Rome to be engraved by
Marchant. The Prince Regent (George IV.) appointed Marchant his
Engraver of gems. " (Wroth, he. citT).
Among Marchant's productions not yet mentioned are : The
nymph Amalthea giving drink to the infant Jupiter in a large horn ;
— Head ot Serapis, sardonyx and chalcedony (2 var.) ; — Isis, sard-
onyx and chalcedony (2 var.); — Diana and Endymion; — Apollo, a
copy from the statue in the Capitol, rock crystal ;—Clytia,carnelian;
— Salus, carnelian ;— Bacchus; — Portrait of the Countess of Suf-
folk, topaz; —Portrait of William Pitt; — Bacchus enthroned; —
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Ariadne pouring wine into his goblet; — Faun, from the statue in
Florence; — Crowned bust, cameo; — Bacchant drunk, support-
ed by a Faun, carnelian; — Herakles, sardonyx (2 var.); — The
Farnesian Herakles of GlycoUj sardonyx ; — Venus sitting on the
ground near a lighted altar, sardonyx; — Roman marriage scene
(2 var.); — Two betrothed lovers sitting, veiled, and engaged in
conversation; — Victory, paste; — Victory making a libation,
emerald; — Fortune flying over a globe, black jasper; — Leander
and Hero, onyx, — Head of Atalanta, carnelian; — Medusa,
cameo ; — Mask of Medusa, onyx ; — Antilochus, the son of Nes-
tor, announces to Achilles the death and fate of his favourite Patro-
cius, sardonyx; — -Priam kneeling at the feet of Achilles and inter-
ceding with him to be permitted to redeem the body of Hector,
sardonyx; — Head of a Negro, cameo; — Head of Demosthenes,
white paste ; — Demosthenes sitting upon a stone, carnelian ; — Bust
of Homer, carnelian ; -— Head of Periklcs and Aspasia ; — ■ Bust
of Julius Caesar, carnelian; — Head of Brutus, sardonyx; —
Agrippina seated, carnelian; — Head of Augustus, carnelian; —
Bust of Caligula, cameo ; — Head of Trajan, sardonyx ; — ■ Head of
Antinoijs, sardonyx (2 var.); — Another, carnelian; — Head of
Marcus Aurelius, carnelian; — Bust of Faustina Junior, sardonyx ;
— Head ofLucius Verus, sardonyx; — Bust of Susanna, after the
statue by Flamingo, cameo; — Garrick looking at the mask of
Shakespeare, sardonyx; — Bust of Garrick (sev. var.); — Prince
Luborairsky, carnelian (2 var.); — Lord Lucan; — Lady Lucan;
— Lady Lucan in the character of a Muse, carnelian ; — Sir Wil-
liam Molesworth; — Bust of Petrarch, sardonyx; —Bust of Major
Pearson; — Torquato Tasso, cameo; ■ — Lord Duncannon, sard-
onyx; — Portrait of a Musician; — Bust in modern taste, yellow
carnelian; — ■ Mrs. Hartley, of Covent Garden Theatre; — Lord
Mulgrave ; — Head of the famous Zingara; — Herakles, carnelian ;
— Bust of Cupid or Hymen, yellow carnelian ; — Cleopatra lying,
from the statue in the Vatican, cameo; — Pericles, sardonyx; —
Unknown head, sardonyx ; — Pope Pius VL, carnelian ; — Sphinx,
cameo in carnelian ; — Juno, sardonyx and carnelian (2 var.) ; — Cas-
tor, sardonyx (2 var.) ; — Pollux, carnelian ; — Castor and Pollux, sard-
onyx; — Head of Minerva (2 var.); ^ — An Angel, sardonyx; — Bust
of Dante, carnelian ; — Torquato Tasso, carnelian ; — - Pius VL ; —
Qitherine IL ; — Endymion, sardonyx; — Head of Apollo, sard-
onyx; — Apollo and the Muse Euterpe, sardonyx; — Head of
Mercury, sardonyx (2 var.); — ■ Mercury, carnelian; — Nereid and
marine bull, antique carnelian ; — A Muse, yellow carnelian ; —
Head of Melpomene, sardonyx ; — Head oi Niobe, carnelian ; —
Ethodaea, orThera, sardonyx; — Bacchus and a Bacchante, sard-
onyx; — Head of Ariadne, sardonyx; — Bacchante, sardonyx
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(2 var.); — ■ Bacchante giving drink to a young Paun, sardonyx;
— Bacchant and Faun, carnelian and sardonyx (2 var.) ; — Faun,
carnelian and sardonyx (2 var.); — Herakles and Omphale, sard-
onyx ; — ■ Herakles supporting the vanquished Hippolyte, sardonyx ;
— Herakles seizing the Maenalian hina, sardonyx ; -- - Adonis, clial-
cedony ; — ■ Cupid and Psyche, carnelian; — Two Cupids, sard-
onyx; — Cupid carrying game uponapeduni, sardonyx; — Cupid
in a car, carnelian; — A young Bride with the pronuba, sard-
onyx; — A wounded Amazon, sardonyx; — Head of Achilles, sard-
onyx; — Bust of Diomedes, carnelian; — Pylades and Orestes,
sardonyx; — Iphigenia in Aulis, sardonyx; —Head of Alexander,
sardonyx (3 var.); — Head of Sappho, carnelian; — Euripides,
carnelian; — Perikles, sardonyx; — Phocion, sardonyx; — Head
of RoiTia, carnelian ; — ^ Mars descending to Rhea Silvia, carnelian;
— M. T. Cicero, sardonyx; — A conquered Province, sardonyx;
— A Vestal, sardonyx; — A Roman matron, sardonyx ; — A naval
Victory, carnelian; — Britannia sacrificing to ^sculapius; —
General Woife; — ANymph, &c.
Bibliography, — W. Wroth, Nathaniel Marchant, Diet. Nat. Biog., XXXVI.
— Kenyon, op. cit. — Ruding, op. cii. — Numismalic journal, II, 18. — Nagler,
op. cit. — Redgrave, Dictionary oj Artists. — King, Antiqitt Gems and Rings, 1,
446-7. — Gent. Mag., 1816, I, p. 377. — Marchanl's Sale. Catalogue of Books,
London, 1816. — Raspe, Descriptive Catalogue oj Tassie's Gems, 1791. — Babeloii,
op. cit. — Gray, James and William Tassie, Edinburgh, 1887. — Renton, intaglio
Engraving 0} Gems, London, 1886. — Marchant, A Caiali^ie of one hundred
Impressions oJ Gems, London, 1792-
MARCHETTI, GUSTAVE HENRI (French). Contemporary Scuiptor,
born at Paris; pupil of Jacques Perrin. He is the author of numerous
Portrait-medallions, and in 1894 exhibited at the Salon a bronze
plaque. Carmen,
MARCHIONNI, LUIZ (Span.). Medallist, and Mint-engraver at
Madrid, during the latter end of the reign of Isabel II., the Republic
of 1868-1870, Amadeo I., and early part of Alfonso XII., circ.
1858-1875.
I have noted this artist's signature on the following coins and
medals : Isabel II. Af. Dobloon of 10 Escudos, 1865-1868 ; —
100 Reales, i860 ; — Dobloon of 4 Escudos, 1865-68; — Dobloon
of 2 Escudos, 1865-68; — 2^. Duro, i860, 1865-68; M. Medio
Duro, 1865-68 and subsidiary coinage. M. 4, 2 and one Peso for
the Philippine Islands, 1861 ; jR. Peso, | Peso and lesser denomi-
nations, 1865-1868. Provisional Gwermmnt (i^d^-i^-jo). M. 100
Pesetas, 1870, and various Patterns ; — J?^. Duro of 5 Pesetas
1869-1870; — 3 Pesetas, i Peseta, 50 Centimes, 25, and 20 Cen-
times, 1868-1870; — jE. 10,5, 2 and I Centimos, 1868-1870
Hosted by Google
— 566 —
(struck at Bai-colona, modelled by A, Dubois, and issued by Oes-
cliger, Mesdach &: C"). Amadeo I. M. loo Pesetas 1870; — 25
Pesetas, 1870; JK. 5 Pesetas, 1871 (illustrated). Alfonso XII. First
Coinage.
5 Pesetas, 1871, of Amadeo I.
Medals: Prize Medal oftheCastilian Exhibition at ValladoUd, 1859;
— Medal of the Royal Society of History of Spain, 1S60 ; — Inaugu-
ration of the Mint at Manila, 1861 ; — Inauguration of the works
of the Tubular Bridge at Manila, 1862; — Visit of Queen Isabel II.
to Seville, 1862; — Visit of T.R.H. to Ciudad de Jerez dc la
Frontera, 1862 ; — Visit of the Queen and her Consort to the
Madrid Mint, 5. December 1862 (signed: L. MARCHIONNI); —
Medal of the Provisional Government, 1868; — Accession of
Amadeo I., 1870, etc.
Bibliography. — A. Heiss, Monedas Hispano-Crisliaiias, Madrid, 1865. —
Calalogo de la coleccion de Monedas y Midallas de Manuel Vidal Quadras y Ramon,
Barcelona, 1S93.
HARCINKOWSKI, LADISL4S (Pole). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Miesrkow (Poland) ; pupil of Godebski. A Portrait-medal
of D Karel Marcinkovi'ski^ of Posen, 1891, is signed : MARCIN-
KOWSKI FCT. At the Salon ot 1885 he exhibited ten Portrait-
medallions in bronze, and in 1890, one of M. Paderewski.
MARCIUS CENSORINUS, C. (Rom.). Mint-master {Triumvir mme-
talis) at Rome, circ. B.C. 12.
MARCOMBES, LOUIS {Swiss). Secretary of the Chambre des
Comptes at Geneva, and Mint-engraver there from 1720 to 1736.
His coins bear no distinctive mark.
MARCOS, SMILE AUGDSTE {French). Contemporary Gem-engraver
and Medallist, born at Paris ; pupil of Petremant and Vimont.
,isdo/ Google
— 5^7 —
He has made the following exhibits at the Paris Salons : ii?oi. St.
George, intagUo, engraving on rock-crystal; — ■ 1902. St. George,
medal; — 1903- Medal of the "Aero-Club de France" ; — La
PSche, intaglio-engraving on rock-crystal.
Bibliography. — Catalogues du Sahn, 1901-1904. —Rcvw num., 1905, p- 7;-
— Revue de V Art anckn d viodevne, 1903, 11,24.
MARCOS & Co (Anier). New York Die-sinkers, by whom is the
W. H. Nicbols medal of the American Chemical Society, with
portrait of Johann Faust (Goethe's alchemist) in his laboratory, which
was designed by FI. B. Waechsler and H. M. Joch.
MAREIL, BERTRAND DE {French). Mint-engraver at Amiens,
1499-1501. His successor was Hugues de Bailly,
MARES, F. H. (Brit.). Die-sinker of Dublin, who in 1868 cut a
medal on the Visit of the Prince of Wales (Edward VII.) to
Ireland.
MARENZ, DAVID MICHAEL (Germ.). Mint-warden at Ratlsbon,
1761, A Medallist of the name of Mare nz is given by Bolzenthal,
in his list of German Engravers of the second half of the eighteenth
century, but I do nor know whether he was the same person as David
Michael Marenz.
MARENDE, ANTOINE {French). Goldsmith, and Mint-master at
Bourg, 15 16-1520.
MARENDE, HENRI DE {French). Mint-warden in Brabant, 1467-
1469.
MARENDE, JEAN {French). Goldsmith of Bourg-cn-Brcssc, who
in 1502 executed the large medal cast in gold (weighing 490
grammes) with portraits of Phihbert the Fair and Margaret of
Austria (obv, illustrated) which was presented to these Princes by
the town of Bourg on their visit there. "La medaille de Philibert
le Beau et de Marguerite d'Autriche", says Rondot, " aus bustes
aifront^s et au champ sem^ de devises est le produit d'un art
savant ; elle a I'originalite, I'harmonie et I'il^gance, sans qu'il
paraisse qu'aucun effort ait itt fait pour les obtenir, Elle a cette
particularity que, sur d'anciens exeniplaires, les fonds ont et6 revetus
d'un email opaque de couleur."
A lead proof of Marende's first design of this medal is still in
existence.
Specimens in bronze now and then turn up at auction sales ; the
one reproduced above was formerly in the collection of D' Belli of
>stsd by Google
- S68-
Frankfort-on-Main, sold in 1905, and now in tlic possession of
M. Gallet, of La Chaiix-de-Fonds.
I' -
of Medallion of Philibert the Fair and Margar
. of Aiisti
Bibliography. — Natalis Rondot, Jean Marende et la medaille de PUliba-t h Rean
el de Marguerite d'Autriche, 1885. — Ibid., Les orfivres de Lyon, p. 50. — Ibid.,
I.es MidaiiUurs lyonnais, 1896. — Mazerolk, o/>. cH. — Domanig, op, cit. — Blan-
chet, op, oil. — Armand, op. cil., I, 113. — T. Whitcombe Greene, Tlie Medallion
of Philibert the Fair of Savoy and Margaret oj Austria, Num. Cliron., 1883.
MARESCHAL, rRANgOIS LE (French). Goldsmith at Lyons in 1448
and Grenoble in 1452, who on 13, October 1453 was appointed
by the Dauphin, Engraver to the Mints of Cr^mieu,Monrdiniar and
Romans. He was still in office in 1463.
BiBUOGHAPHY. — Rondot & De La Tour, op. sit. — Rondot, Les oifevres de
MARESCHAL, PIERRE LE(French). Goldsmith of Troyes, appointed
Mint-master for the gold coinage in 1338.
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— 5^9 —
MARESCOTTI, ANTONIO (ltd.). Mediillist of tlie seraiid and third
quarters of the fifteenth century, about whom, unfortunately, very
little is known, beyond that he was one of the cleverest of early
artists which Italy has produced in that particular branch, and that
he resided at Ferrara. The seven medals which bear his signature
are dated between 1446 and 1462 : Giovanni da Tossignano, bishop
of Ferrara, f 1436; diam. 90 mill.; signed MARE SCOTVS and
dated : MCCCC — XLVI; — Antonio Marescotti, probably a rela-
tive of the medallist, 1448. I^. MEMORIA-DE' ANTONIO*
MARESCOTO-DA'FEIWRA; diam. 44 mill. (An unpublished
variety ot this medal is in the British Museum Collection).
by Marescotti.
— Galeazzo Marescotti, Bolognese senator (1407-1503). ^
LOIALMENT : SENS: DOTIER : ANTONIVS' MARESCOTTI
F. ; diam. 96 mill. ; — Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Duke of Milan
I^. OPVS-MARESCOTI-PERRARIENSIS-MCCCCLVII. Sun:
diam. 50 mill.; — Borso d'Esic L, Duke of Ferrara. I^. OPVS-
ANTONII-MARESCOTI'DE-FERRARIA. Unicorn; ex. ;
MCCCLX ; diam. 64 mill. ; ■ — San Bernardino of Siena. '^. MANX-
FESTAVrNOMEN-TVVM-HOMINIBVS — ANTONIO -MA'
RESCOTO-DA-FERRARA-F. ; diam. 77 mill. {obv. illustrated)
— Another; ^. plain; — Fra Paolo Veneziano. Ri.. HOC' VIRTV-
tis-opvs~opVs ANTHONII MARESCOTO DE ferraria.
Paolo Veneziano seated in armchair, on which is inscribed the date :
MCCCCLXII; diam. 105 mill., etc.
Two varieties exist of the St. Bernardine medal, which is
undoubtedly the best production of the artist, and offers a remark-
able portrait of the ascetic reformer of the Franciscan order. It was
>stsd by Google
Giovanni da Tossigttano.
, Google
~ 57f —
executed after his canonization in 1450, and perhaps from memory.
"All the works of Marescotti ", says von Fabriczy, "show
something of the severe realism, the strong modelling of Pisanello.
Although in this atnong all Pisanello's successors he approaches
nearest to the master, nevertheless he is far from attaining the
grand style, the monumental conception, which go hand in hand
with these qualities in the Veronese. The insignificant reverses
cannot in the least compare with Pisanello's, either in choice ot
subject, in concentration of composition, or, finally, in the mighty
cast of the figures. They display for the most part nothing but
emblems : thus the medal of San Bernardino bears only the so-
called Chrism of his order, the monogram of the Saviour (Y . H , S.)
enclosed in a nimbus of flames. "
As von Fabriczy remarks, Marescotti's style is closely allied to
that of Pisanello, except that it lacks in grandeur and power, and
that his reverses are of commonplace design.
Bibliography. — A. Heiss, Les MMailleiirs de la Renaissance, Paris, 1883. —
C. von Fabriczy, Medaillen der itaUenhdien ifenaifjanee, Leipzig, 190a. — Armand,
op. cit., I, 28 ; II, 286 ; III, 5. — T. B. Supino, II MsdagUeri Mediceo, Firen^e,
1899. — Friedliinder, Die ilalienischen SclmintUnieTi, Berlin, 1882. — Tr^sor, MM.
ital. — Mazzuchelli, op. cit. — Aramon, op. dt., n" 70. — Bolzentiial, op. cit. ~
Revue beige de numismaiiqiie, 1884, p. 8.
MAREY, CHARLES (French). Engraver and Editor of medals,born at
Issy-les- Moulin eaux, on 31. December i860, and since 1886 in
business at Paris (44, Quai des Orfevres). By him is a Jeton, struck
after 1890, of the " Compagnie des Mines de la Grand'Combe ",
and a Souvenir I^laquctte ot the Macon Rifle Meeting, 1903.
Souvenir PJaquette of the fficon Rifle Meeting, igoj.
MARGALIK, CHRISTOPH (Bchem.). Mint-master at Prague, 1656-
1668. His privy mark is an anchorwithin a circle, which occurs on
Kreuzers and Groschen, 1655-57, '0 Ducat piece of Leopold, 1663,
Groschen, Kreuzers, Half Kreuzers, Funfzehners, Scchsers, and
Hellers, 1657-1668.
BiBLioGRAPHV. — E. Fiala, op. cit.
,stsd by Google
MARGEBI (Frmch). Medal-manufacturer ac Lyons, circ. 1848.
Amongst his issues is a commemorative medal of the Revolu-
tion of February 1848, engraved by Pennin, and reproduced in De
Saulcy, Souvenirs numismatiques , &c., PI. XVIII, 8.
MARGUES, FRANCOIS DE (French). Savoyard Mint-engraver at
Cornavin (Geneva), 1529.
MARI (Greek ?) This signature, probably a fictitious one, occurs
on a gem representing Bacchus, nude, leaning upoQ his thyrsus,
and emptying his goblet; a panther at his feet. It is perhaps a work
of Giovanni Maria of Mantua.
MARIA, PIETRO, DA PESCIA Vide PESCIA. Florentine Gem-engrav-
er, who worked at Rome for Leo X., and was a friend of Michael
Angelo.
MARIA GIOVANNI (Ila!.). Gem-engraver of Mantua, one of the
four artists whom Camillo Leonardi (writing in 1502) praises as
equal to any of the ancients in their profession .
MARIA FEODOROWNA (Fide Vol. II, p. 79). Czarina of Russia,
widow of Paul, and a Gem-and Medal-engraver of the first quarter
of the nineteenth century; she died 5. November 1828. Her
Portrait-medal of her son, the Czar Alexander I., and her Portrait-
cameos of various members of the Imperial family, are well-known.
HARIANI, CAMILLO (liaL). Medallist, born at Vicenza in 1565,
died at Rome in 161 1. By him are the following medals : CorneUo
Gallo ; — Quinto Remio Palemone ; — ■ Allieno Cecina (a satirical
piece) ; — ■ Alferisio, conte di Vicenza ; — Frate Giovanni da Schio ;
— Alberto Marano; — Girolamo Gualdo, &c.
Bibliography. — Bernardo Morsolin, Camilki Mariant, coniatore diniedagUe,
Milano, 1891. — Ibid., Una mfdagUa salirica di Camillo Manani, Riv. ital. d[
num., 1896, p. 79. — Ibid., 11 Museo Gualdo in Ficeiiia, 1B94,
MARIETTI, ERNEST (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Paris ; pupil of Rude. At the Salon of 1883 he exhibited a silvered
bronze medallion representing a head of the Republic.
MABILLAC, GDILLAUME DE (French). Superintendent of the Paris
"Mill", and Mint-master-general, circ. 1551-1555. Accompanied
by a clever workman of Lyons, Aubin Olivier, he was sent to
Germany in 155 1 tostudy the new coining-machinery by the mill-
process, just introduced at Augsburg and other towns.
Bibliography. — MazeroUe, op. cit.
MARIN. GIUSEPPE (Ital.). A young Sculptor of Triest, by whom
is a Portrait-medallion of the late D"^ Brettauer (size : 2.2 in.;
signed G,M.), with a dedicatory inscription on the reverse.
,/ Google
MARINAS, A. (Span.'). Contemporary Sculptor and Medallist, by
whom are a series or medals commemorating the Marriage of
Marriage Medil of King Altoti'io XIII., 1906.
Alfonso XIII. and Princess Ena of Battenberg, 1 906. These raedalt.
were issued by the firm of Alvarez & C" at Bilbao.
./Google
MARIN, PIERRE (French). Mint-m,ister at Montelimar, 1523-
152S.
MARINO, ANTONIO (IlaL). Mint-master at Venice, 1570-1572.
Privy mark : A.M.
MARINUS, EGBERTUS (Dutch). Mint-master at Gronlngen, 1690.
MARINUS, HERBERT (Dutch). Mint-master in Friesland, 1704-
1719.
MARION, JEAN (French). Mint-engraver at Grenoble from 1503
to 1522. On 7. February 1521 (1522) Jacques Gauvain was
appointed in his stead, but we find him again in office, 1526-27.
Bini.iooRAPHY. ■ — Rondot, op. dl. — Ibid., Jacques Gauvain.
MARIOTON, ALFRED (French). Contemporary Scnlptor, pupil of
Claudius Marioton, Valton, and Levasseur. By him is aPortrait-
med^iUion of M. Claudius Marioton, 1882.
MARIOTON, CI.AUDIDS (French). Contempor^iry Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Paris on February 2., 1844; pupil of Dumont
and the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, also of Jules Gabriel Thomas, and
Levasseur.
Amongst his medalHc productions are : Portrait-medallion of
M"" V***, 1874; — - Sir James Sivewright; — Lady Sivewright; —
Valere Mabelle; — Musiquc des Champs, 1893; — Female
restraining lion ; — Female caressing goat ; — Christ on the cross,
medalet; — L'Urbaine, jeton ; — C, Marioton ; — D' Outin ; —
M"' C. Marioton ; — Etienne Charboniiier ; — Return of Spring ;
— M™' J*** ; — Portraits of the artist's Father, Mother and
Daughter (Plaquettes and Medals); — Old Farmhouse; — D^'G. L.
Morel; — Rustic music; ■ — Offensive et Defensive; ~J. Guillou,
Portrait-medallion; — 1895. M. Pelliot; — 1897. Sympathie, pla-
quette, in gold and silver; — Two medals of the Insurance Com-
pany "L'Urbaine"; — 1898. Bonne ann^e, chased plaquette in
gilt bronze; — 1899. M. Emile Colin, plaqiiette; — Oifensive; —
Defensive ; — Musique pastorale; — Jeunesse et Seduction.
Some of these medals exhibit very fine work.
Bibliography. — R. Marx, MidaiUeiirs fraiifais, 1889. — Ibid., Midailkurs
cantemparaim, 1897. — Catahpwdu Salon, 1905.
MARIOTON, EIIG£KE (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Paris, pupil of Dumont, Thomas, and fionnassieux. In 1890 he
exhibited a Portrair-medaiilon of himself.
MARIOS (IlaL). Medallist, who was working about 1560. The
signature MARIVS occurs on a Portrait-medal of Jean Parlsot de la
>sted by Google
— 575 —
Valette, Grand-Master of Maira (i^jy-f 1568); i^, HABEOTE"
Elephant, &c, ; diani. 59 mill. On a medal of Giulia Pratonien, of
Reggio, in the Vienna Museum, the obv. legend ends in : PETllVS "
MARIVS; diam. 68 mill. Armand suggests the attribution of this
piece to the same artist.
Bibliography. — Armand, vp. cit. , I, 220 ; III, 102. — I. B. Supino, op. cU,,
MARIUS C. F. TROMEKTINA, C. (Rom.). Mint-master (Triumvir
monetalis) at Rome, circ. B. C. 17.
MARIZ (^Mj/r.). Moneyer at Vienna; f 26. March 1411.
MARK, HANNS ULRICH(v4!«fr.). Mint-masteratGratz;i" 3- January
1655. His initials MHV in monogram occur on Thalers of r 648 and
1649.
Bibliography. — Th. Unger, Kleine Beitrage jur Miin^kunde des Kronlandes
Stdermark, Mitlii. des Klubs, &c., 1890, p. ij.
MARKOWITSCH und SCHEID (Austr.). A Firm of PuUishers of
medals at Vienna, by whom are : Commemorative medal of the
Silver Wedding of Francis Joseph and Elizabeth of Austria, 1879 ;
— Inauguration of the " Votivkirche " at Vienna, 1879, &c.
MABKOWITZ (Hung.'). Editor ot medals, residing at Pest, By him
is a commemorative medal of the "Trooping of the Colours" at
Budapest in the presence of the Archduke Francis Ferdinand ot
Este, 1892, and others.
MARKS (Brit.). Contemporary Sculptor and Modeller, who
exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1899, a Portrait-medallion and
various other decorative works.
MARQUES, AMARO(Por;w^.). Mint-engraver at Lisbon; he enter-
ed the Mint as an apprentice on 12. December 173 1, under his
uncle Domingos Marques Ouaresma; in 1736, he became
Assistant- en graver, and in 1753 be was called upon to fill the post
left vacant by the death of Quaresma. On the death of Bernardo
Jorge he was promoted to the office of second Engraver, 1 1 . August
1771. He died on 28. September 1797.
Bibliography. — Aragao, Descripciio das Moedas de Portugal, Lisbon, 1874.
MARL, FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Medallist of the first half of the
eighteenth century; a pupil of Raimund Faltz, " of whose dies he
became possessed on his death". He worked for the Berlin Mint,
and was appointed Chief Medallist to the King of Prussia. He died
in 1743. This artist's earliest works date from 1704. One of his
medals, signed : P, MARL and commemorating the Alliance of William
,stsd by Google
— 576 —
of Orange with the Elector of Brandenburg
from a die by Faltz, and was not struck bi
signature is : F, MARL ; — F. M ; — M ; o
ot the BerHn Academy of Sciences, 171
Berlin; — Marriage of King Frederick I.
Louise, Princess of Mecklenburg, 1708;
bust of Charles XII., 1709 (illustrated);
^ in 1688, is really a copy
lefore 1704. Marl's usual
, /6. By him are : Medal
; — Aggrandizement of
of Prussia with Sophie
Peace of Brcslau, with
Princess Johanna Char-
Peace of Breslau, 1709.
Jotte of Anhalt, elected Abbess of Herford, 4. February 1729 ; - —
Marriage of Princess Charlotte of Prussia with Duke Charles of
Brunswick-Luneburg, 1733 ; — ■ Portrait-medal ot King Frederick
William of Prussia, 17 19 (diam. 130 mill. ; A; weight : 584 grs);
— Frederick William and his Queen Sophia Dorothea (1715); —
Birth of Prince Frederick William (later Frederick the Great),
24. January 1712, &c.
He also engraved coin-dies for Frederick I. and Frederick
William I., signed M.
Bolzenthal says of Marl that he was not a talended artist and
that he stood on a level with C. F. Laders for the merit of his
work.
BiBUOGRAPHY. — Bolzeathal, op. cit. — Animon, op. dl. — Dr Menadier,
Schattmiinien des Haiises Hoheniolkrn, igoi. — Von Sdironer, Das Preussisdis
Munxviiien, Berlin, 1902. — Franks aod Grueber, op. cU. — Flad, Beruhmte
Medailleiir. — Lohner, Medaillen-Saminhiiig, &c.
MABMfi, JOHANN CHRISTIAN (Germ.). Mint-engraver and Medal-
list at Cleves, 1741-1757. According to I. V. Kull he worked also
as Mint-engraver at Dusseldorf, 1737-1750; and Ammon states that
his signature occurs on Ducats of Wied, 1744, and currency
of the Elector Palatine, 1737, 1749, &c. He executed commemo-
rative medals of the Treaties of Dresden and Aix-la-Chapelle.
His best known works are : Peace of Dresden, 1745 ; — Peace of
./Google
- 577 -
Aix-la-Ch^pelle, 1748 (signed : MABME F. ; 2 or 3 var.); —Frede-
rick Alexander, Count of Wied, 1738 (Obv. iM; ^. MARME); —
Frederick the Great, Victory of Lobosit^, i. October 1756 (Obv.
GRAV£ PAR MARMfi; ^. M); — Silver Wedding of C. H. van
Leeuwen, burgomaster of Brielle, and A. van Bucren, 1759; —
Golden Wedding of Jan Jacob Westrenen and Johanna Catharina
Mamuchet van Houdringe, 1759 ; — To the Prosperity of the city
of Utrecht, 1768; — Marriage of Prince William V,, 1767; —
Peace of Dresden, 1745 (Obv. MARME F. ^L. M* FECIT*); —
Portrait of Prince Hendrik Friso of Orange, on his elevation to the
stadholderate, 1747 (sev. var.); — Medal of the City of Amster-
dam (The Maid of Amsterdam), 1747; — Prize Medal ofHerto-
genboschon the Peace of Aix- la-Chape lie, 1748 ; — -The Company
of the Swarte Knegien, 1759; ^ Flourishing state of the City oi
Utrecht, 1765 ; — Prize Medal of The Hague Drawing Academy,
17S0; — Silver Wedding of Gerrit Blaauw and Maria Agnata van
Heyst, 1755 ; — Silver Wedding of Frederik Cramer and Elisabeth
van Houten, 1757; — Golden Wedding of Pleter van Schoon-
hovcn and Maria Anna Witheyn, 1758, &c.
Biiitlc of LobositK, 1756.
He engraved also : Double Fredericks d'or, 1752, i753 J — I"'*'^"
dericks d'or, 1751-55;— Half Fredericks d'or, 1753; — Thalers,
1751-1753 ;-- Half Thalers, 1751 ; — Half Gulden,i755 ;— | Tha-
lers, 1751-57; — j| Thalers, 1741, 1751-1755; — Gute Groschen,
1751. 1753-55 ; — Sechser, 1740-49.
Bibliography. — Bolzenthal, op. cil. — Ammon, op. at. — Df Menadier
op. cil. — Fiala, op. cit. — Franks and Grueber, op. cit. — Madai, Tliakr CaUnet
n° 5508. — Exeter, Versuch einer Sammlung von ChurpfdlihdsmMunim.
MARMfe, J. W. (Germ.). Medallist of the third quarter of th{
eighteenth century, and perhaps a relative of the last. By him are ;
Golden Wedding of I. I. van Westreven and I.C. Mamuchet.
L. FoBBEn, — Blos'iipWcfl Nol-ia of Midallhls. — ni. 37
./Google
- S78 ~
1759 ; — Portrait-med:il of Prince Hendrik FrUo of Orange; —
Marriage of Prince William V. of Orange with Princess Prederikii
Sophia Wilhelniina of Prussia, 1766.
This Engraver's medals are all connected with Holland.
MARMITTA (or MARMITA) the Elder(/(fl/.). Painter, Gem-engraver,
and Medallist, of Parraa, first part of the sixteenth century. Pupil
of the painter and sculptor, Francesco. He is said to have excelled
in engraving gems after the antique, and to have produced some
works of note.
BiBLiOGRftPHY. — Marictte, Hisloire des graveurs en plcrres fines, 3750,
MARMITTA, LXIIGI (llal.). Son of the last, and also a Painter,
Gem-engraver, and Medallist. He was better known by the name
of LUDOVICO DA PARMA, and, as an artist, greatly surpassed his
father. We learn from Vasari that he was in the service of Cardinal
Salviati at Rome, where he distinguished himself by his extraor-
dinary talent, at a period when nothing mediocre would have pass-
ed muster there. He engraved crystal and gems in intagUo and
cameo, his most famous work being a cameo of Socrates, but he did
not confine himself to this branch of art, as is proved by the medals "of
his own invention " which he executed. Bolzenthal mentions that
"some medals of Gregory XIII. and Urban VII. have been attributed
to this artist, but no doubt in error, as it is hardly to be supposed
that he lived and worked until the time of these poniiifs". King
further states that Marmitta abandoned gem-engraving tor the more
profitable trade of making dies for imitations of ancient coins.
Luigi Marmitta executed many cameos in imitation of the antique,
which were sometimes bought as antique; one of the most
remarkable is that with a bust of Commodus, which Mariette
describes from the Zanetti collection.
Bibliography. — Bolzeiiihal, op. ell. — King, Antique Gems, i860, p. 265. —
Babeloii, P'lerres gravces, 189J. — ■ V;isari, op. cit. — Nagkr, Kiimiler-Lexikofi.
— Mariette, op. cil.
MARNAS, BARTHfiLEMY DE (French). Mint-master, appointed in
1593 by Henry IV,, at Montelimar, during the League; he issued
Douzains in the name of Henry IV. in the last months of 1593 and
beginning of 1594,
Bibliography. — E. Faivrc, op. cil.
MAROILLES, JEAN DE {French). Goldsmith, and Mint-engraver a:
Valenciennes, 1368.
MARQUARD, CONRAD (Germ.). Mint-master at Nordbausen,
1624.
,stsd by Google
MARQUARD, MICHAEL CHRIST. (Genu.). Suponor Official at the
Mint of Kreranitz, c/Vc. 1718.
MARQUART, JEAN BAPTISTE (Belg.). A ss aye r- general to the
government of the Netherlands, appointed on 7. June, 1745- At
various times he was instructed to make stamps, seals &c, In con-
nection with his office,
MARQUART, J. B. C. {Belg.). Son of the last; studied metallurgy
under his father, and was sent by the government of the Nether-
lands to learn medal-engraving at the Vienna Mint. Returning after
a few months' stay in Austria, he went to Paris where he resided for
thirteen years. We then find him filling an official post in govern-
ment mining works in Hungary, and in 1764, appointed Warden
of the Brussels Mint. Pincharr describes a medal by him, probably
executed in Austria, of the Archduke Joseph, dated 1755, and
signed : MARQVART F.
Bibliography. — A. Pinchari, Hiiloire de la grainire des mhkiilks en Bclgigm,
1S70. — Revue beige de niimismalique, 1896, pp. 140, 249, 269.
MARQUE, GAILLABD DE {French). Mint-engraver at Toulouse,
appointed in March, 1533.
MARQUES, ANTONIO {Portiig.). Mint-master and Engraver at Goa,
1525-26.
MARQUES, ANTONIO JOSfi {Poring.). Son and pupil of Amaro
Marques, and Assistant-engraver at the Lisbon Mint, 1758-
t 1780.
MARQUES, JOSE {Poring.). Mint-master at Lisbon, 1794.
MARQUES (or MARQUE) PIERRE {French). Mint-engraver at
Angers, 1461-1469; also Mint-assayer and Engraver a r Bordeaux.
MAROTTE, LfiON VICTOR {French). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Paris ; pupil of A. Lansoji, and Pecou. At the Salon of 1896 he
exhibited a Portrait-medallion of Henri Bricre ; — 1S99. Portrait
de ma fille; — 1901. Mon Ami B***, &c.
MARRAC, JEHAN DE {French). Mint-master at Bayonne, circ.
1508-1515. Privy mark : a pellet between anchor and crossiet.
MARREL (French). Medalhst and Engraver of the middle of the
nineteenth century. He took part in the competition for the coinage
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— 5f^o — .
of the Second Republic, 1848, and executed Pattern 20 Francs in
AT, 5 Francs in ^., and 10 Centimes in JE.
Obv. of Pjtlern 5 Francs, by Mar
Bibliography. — De Saulcy, cp. cit.
MARRETTA, GIROLAMO (Jto/.). Goldsmith of the first half of the
sixteenth century, whose name is mentioned by Bolzenthal, as one
of the Medallists of that period.
MARRIAN AND GAUSBY (Brit.). Die-sinters of Birmingham, dur-
ing the early portion of Queen Victoria's reign. They issued a series
of Pattern pieces, comprising ; 10, 5, 2 and i Cents, 1846 in N,
JB^. and S. (of which many restrikes exist); ■— One Centum,
1846, in tin, &c. All these patterns read : MARRIAN & GAUSBY.D.
BIRM. beneath the head of the Queen, and the legend on Ei. is :
SMITH ON DECIMAL CURRENCY 1846.
Bibliography, — S. M. Spink, Catalogue of Mr. Montagu's CoUecHon of Coins
from George I. to Victoria, London, 1890.
MARSCHALL, D^ GOTTFRIED (Auslr.). Publisher of a medal,
engraved by Leisek, on the Jubilee of H. H. Pope Leo XIIL,
1893.
MARSCHALL, RUDOLPH FERDINAND (Justr.'). Contemporary
Medallist, born at Vienna on the 3"' ot December 1873 ; studied at
the School of Engraving nnder Professors Schwarz,Schulmeister, sad
Zapf. In 1891 he was awarded a First Prize (silver medal) by the
Commercial and Industrial Institute of Lower- Austria ; then the
bronze and silver medals of the Engravers' Association, for model-
ling, drawing and engraving. After an absence ol some duration,
during which Marshall visited the principal artistic centres of
Europe, he returned to Vienna, and became a pupil of the Aca-
demy ol Decorative Arts, devoting three years to the study of medallic
art under the special supervision of Prof. Tautenhayn. During that
time, he obtained numerous prizes, amongst which the gold Fuger
Medal. In 1898 he left the Academy, and has since produced numer-
lo.tedo/Googlc
- s8i -
ous works, not only in medallic art, but also in sculpture and stat-
uary.
The following are Marschall's best known medallic produc-
tions : 1893. Silver Wedding ot Matthaeus and Hermine Mar-
schall (cast, 155 mill.); — 1894, Cast P or traic-p Liquet re of Franz
Gahler (155 mill.) ; — Portrait- plaquette of Marie Urban
(155 mill); — 1896. Lady's Pendant, representing country
people playing music (95X95x230 mill,); — 1897. Portrait-
plaquette of Antonio Tomasone (145 X 200 mill.); — Lady's
Pendant, Historia Vindobonensis (68 X 68 X 190 mill,); — Chris-
tina Martino, medal (150 mill.); ~ Franz Lahner, ptaquette
(160x198 mill.); — Albert Braunlich, plaquette (240X195
Portrait-pkitjuetie, by Prof. R. Marsch.ill.
mill.) ; — Anton Kreuzig, plaquette (142 X240 mill.); — ■ Anton
Robert, plaquette (cast, 143 X 196 mill, ; struck, 41 X 57 mill.);
— 1898. Medal of Joseph Lewinsky (cast, 152 mill,; struck,
57 mill.); —School Children's Festivities Medal (cast. 98 mill,;
struck, 30 mil!,) ; — Jubilee Medal of the Emperor Francis Joseph I,
(cast, 180 mill, ; — struck, 30 mill,); — 1899. Ludwig Lobmeyer
(cast, 155 mill, ; struck, 61 mill.); ^ D''Friedricb Kenncr, numis-
matist (plaquette, cast, 103 X 180 mill.; struck, 35 X62 miU,)This
plaquette is termed " un pur chef d'ceuvre" in Kemt de I'Art, 1900,
II, 40) ; — Frau Suchanek (plaquette, cast, 128 X 187 mill.) ; —
D' Ludwig Koessler (plaquette, cast 128 X 187 mill.); — 1900.
Max Schaffner (cast, isymill.; struck, 61 mill,); — H. M. Emperor
,;.Goo'^lc
Francis Joseph I. (plaquette, cast, 153 X 223 mill.; struck 63 X 93
mill., illustrated); — 70''' Anniversary of H. M. Emperor Francis
Joseph I. (cast, 185 mill.; struck, 29 mill.); — Baroness M. von
Ebner-Eschenbach (cast., 160 mill. ; struck, 58 mill.); — C. Karl-
weiss (plaqnette, cast. 135 X 193 mill.); — Paul Heyse (plaquette,
Port rait -pkquette ofH. M, Francis Josepli, Empi
cast, 120X 175 mill.; struck. 50 X 75 mill.); -- 1901. Emcrich
Robert (cast, 500 mill,); — D' GustavTschermak(cast, 185 mil!.;
struck, 50 mill.); — V. Mayer (cast, 500 mill. ; — H. H. Pope
Leo XIII., in commemoration of the Holy Year 1900 (cast,
200 mil!.; struck, 34 mill.); — D'' Heinrich R. von Wittek
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(pl^quette, 211 X 315 mill; struck, 43 x 64 mill.); — Commem-
orative Plaquette of the Inauguration of the Goetlie Monument
at Vienna (cast, 198x285 mill.; strucl;:, 52X75 mill.); — 1902.
Me<kl of the Viennese Academy of Sciences commemorating the
Golden Wedding of the Archduke n-'c! \'Tliduchess Rainer (struck,
Joseph Lewinski,
60 mill.); — H.I. H. Archduke Rainer (plaquette); — Rifle Meet-
ing Prize Medal, with bust of H. I. H.. the Archduchess Marie
(struck, 37 mill); — School Prize Medal(30 mill.); — 1903. Karl
Ritter von Stremayr (plaquette, cast, 59 X 58 mili. ; — 1904. Prof.
Adolph Friedrich, plaquette (60 mill.); — International Exhibition
"fur Spiricus-Verwertung und Garungs-Gewerbe", Vienna; —
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50* Anniversary of the Semmering Railway; — K. K. Consulai
Academy, 1906; — D' Joseph Scholz, plaqnetre, 1906.
Dr Friedvich Kmntr, iSgy.
I!i. of Jiibilfo Medal, i
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At the Paris Universal Exposition, 1900, Marschall was awarded
the bronze medal. AwriterinA^«m. Circular. 1901, col. 4893, makes
the following comment on this clever artist's work : " Dem
Schopfersolchidealer Bildermiissendie Musen ihren Weihekuss auf
die Stirn gedruckt haben. Allein das Verdienst des also Bevorzugten
liegt in seinem Fleisse, seinem Talente erst Wert verleiht, denn
nur ditrch diese war es moglich, dass Marschall in so juiigen
Obv. ol Medal ot H. H. I'ope
Jahren schon so Bedeutendes geleistet und so viele Erfolge aufzu
weisen hat, welche leicht zu SelbstCiberhebung, die gleichbedeiiten
mix Stillstand und Ruckgang im Schaffen eines Kunstier.s isi
fiihren konnten. Bei Marschall ist dies nicht zn fiirchten, denn t
gehort zu jenen Kunstlern, die stets an ihren eigenen Arbeite
strengste Kritik iiben, die sich nie oder selten mit ihren Leistunge
zufrieden geben und an ihrer kunstlerischen Vervollkommnun
unermudlich weiter arbeiten. Auf seinen Reisen durch DeutschlaiK
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Frnnkreich nnd Italien Iiat er mannigfache Gelcgenheit zii interes-
saiiten Studien gefimden, der steto Verglcich mit den besteii
Werken alter una neuer Meister hat ihm einen Maasstab fur seine
eigenen Scliopfnngen gegeben und ihm den weiten Weg vorge-
zeichnet, den er .tuf seiner kunstlerischen Laufbahn noch zuriick-
zulegen hat. "
Bibliography. — A. voii Loelnr, Wiener Msdaillenre, 1899, and Nachlra^,
1902. — Mitth. des Klubs, &c., 1898-1904. — MonHtsWatt der num. Geselhchaji ia
Wien, 1900-4. — Niimisiiiaiic Circular, October 1901, pp. 4889-4895. — Doni-
pierre de Chaufepi^, op. cit., 11, III. — Dii Moderne Medaitle, 1000. — Tlie. Studio,
XXn, 231; XXVIII, ^•M.— RewieikVArlavcknd moderiie, II, 1900,40.
MAKSCOVS, PIERRE (Belg.). Goldsmith and Seal-engraver at
Brussels, circ. 1472.
MARSHALL, 0. (Bni.). Designer of a medal, engraved by
J. Moore, commemorating the Meeting of the British Association
at Cheltenham, 6. Aug. 1856. It bears on obv. a bu.st of Charle,^
Giles Bridle Daubeny, M. D. (1795-1867).
MARSHOORN, GERARD (GERRIT) (Dutch.'). Medallist of Haarlem,
first half of the eighteenth century. His signature is found on
various medals, and he worked for the Hereditary Stadholder,
Willem IV. The Portrait-pieces of Lorenz J. Coster, typographer
of Haarlem (1740) are his best known productions, and I have seen
by him also Portrait-medals of Prince Willem Karel Hendrik
Friso, 1747, on his first Stadholderate; (sev. var.) — Commemo-
rative medals of the Treaties of Peace of MCinster and Aix-la-
Chapelle, 1748; — Medal of the Rifle Club of Haarlem, 1747
(signed ; GERRIT MARSHOORN); ~ The New year, 1752, etc.
Bibliography. — Nagler, Moiioguvmnistei:, III, n" 19R. — Bolwnthal, op. cil,
— Van Loon, op. cit,
MARSON, ETIGtNE (French'). Contemporary Scniptor, born at
Troyes; pupil of L. Maynot. In 1882 he exhibited at the Salon a
Port rait -medallion of M. Stadler.
MART. (//«/.). Signature on a commemorative medal of the
Anglo-Iranco-picdmontese Alliance, with bust of Victor Emma-
nuel II.
MART. SA. OP. (Ital.). Perhaps MARTINO DA SAVONA. This
signature occurs on a circular plaque, with bust of Girolamo
Conestaggi, dated MDXC;diam. 59X45 mill.
BiitLioGRApHY. — Armaiid, op. cit., I, 199 ; III, 145.
MARTEATJ or MARTO, FRANCISCO (French?). Mint-engvaver at
Lisbon, appointed on 29. October 1721. Aragao mentions that on
a document of 1722 his name occurs as Marto.
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MARTEAU, FRANgOIS JOSEPH (Frawli). Goldsmith and Medallist
of Paris, circ. 1720-1759. He engraved several medals, usually
signed : MARTEAU F. or F. M., of the Series of medals of Louis XIV.
and XV.
Marteau's best known medals are : Battle of Fontenoy, 1745
(signed : /. M. on obv. and M on ]^; illustrated'); — ■ French Cam-
paign of 1745 (V^. by J. C. Roetriers) ; — ■ Battle of Rocoux,
1746 (^ bv J.C. Roettiers); — BattleofLawfeldt, i747(scv. var.);
— Peace of Aix-la-Chapel!e, 1748 {^. by ]. C. Roettiers); — Loss
Loss ol Minorca, 1756
of Minorca, 1756 (^ signed : L. LEON, illustrated); — Jetons,
■witb bust of Louis XV. (signed F. M., M., fm.Scc); — Franco-
American Jeton, 1756; 1^ COL. FRANC. DE L'AM. I756;signed
on obv. m) ; — Philip L., Baron von Stosch, German archaeolo-
gist, 1727; — Louis XV., 1745, on the Marriage of Princess
Maria Theresa of Spain with the Dauphin(^ by J. C. Roettiers);
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— Academy of Dijon, 1740 ; — Societe acadcmiqne de Cliirurgie,
Paris, 1731 and 1741; — Illness of Louis XV. at Metz, 1744; —
Recovery of Louis XV., 1744 (2 var.); — Assistance rendered to
the Elector of Bavaria, 1741 (^L by J. C. R.) ; — Audience of
the Turkish Embassy, 1742 {^L by Duvivier); — The Italian
Campaign, 1744 (^ by Roettiersjun.); — Capture of Furnes, 1744;
— French Astronomical Mission to the Equatorial regions and the
North Pole, 1744 ; — Capture of Berg-op-Zoom, 1747 ; — Battle
otLawfeldt, 1747; — Melchior de Polignac, French cardinal, 1730;
■-- Jeton of the Chamber of Commerce ot Bordeaux, 1750(2 var.);
— Head of Louis XV. (^L by J. C. Roettiers; DEPVLSA MOLE
RESVRGET Mercury raising the City of Lyons, 1760); — Taking of
Meenen by the French, 1744 (2 var,); — Ypres captured by the
French, 1744 (2 var.); — Furnes taken by the French 1744 (^ by
J. C. Roettiers); — - Tournay taken by the French, 1745; —
Louis XV., Campaign in South Netherlands, 1745 (^ by J. C.
Roettiers); — French Campaign in Italy, 1745 (by J. C. Roettiers
Jun.); — The French take Brussels, 1746; — Capture of Brussels,
Antwerp, Jemmapes, Bergen, Namur and Charleroi, 1746; —
Taking of Berg op Zoom, 1748, etc.
Bibliography. — Rondot, op. cil. — Franks and Grueber, op. cit. — Bctts,
op. cil. — Ammon, op. cit. w 64. — Fayolle, Numisinatiqm de la Chamhrc de com-
merce de Bordeaux.
MARTEAU, JEHAN DE (^French). Mint-master at Angers, previous
to 14. June 1355.
MARTEAD, NICOLAS (fre«,:/j). Goldsmith of Cliarleville, aVc. 1609-
162 1. He was employed as Engraver at the Mint of Charleville,
under Charles de Gonzague, Duke of Nevers, and in 1619 vi-as
appointed Master of the Mint at Mangienne, in succession to
Claude Bailly, under Charles de Lorraine-Chahgny, bishop ot
Verdun. He fled in 1621, and returned to Charleville.
Bibliography. — Rondot, op. cit. — Mazerolle, op. cit.
MARTENISE, VIRGILIO (Ital.'). Mint-master at Naples, circ. 1731,
under the Emperor Charles VI. Flis initials V. M. and that of Ariania
(A) Mint-warden, occur on Thalers of that date.
MARTENS, JEAN BAPTISTE (Belg.). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Wonterghem (Belgium); pupil of V. Vilain and the Ecole des
Beaux-Arts, Paris. The following medallic productions were exhib-
ited by him at the Salon: 1861. Portrait-medallion of M. P.]. R. ***;
— 1864. Portrait-medallion of M. ie Comte de H.***; -- 1866.
Portrait-medallion of the artist's father and mother; — Portrait-
o,C.oo(^lc
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mctkllion of Jules Fiivre; — 1S70. Portrait-mediillion of a young
I^dy.
Bibliography. — Clmvigneric et Auvray, op. cil.
MARTENS, MICHAEL (Germ.). Mint-master at Wismar, 1622-162$.
MARTERSTECKEN, BURKHARD (Gmn.). Mint-master at Sadfeld,
1448.
MARTERSTECKEN, HElNRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Weimar
and Gotha, 1463,
MARTI, ROSSLERit LADE (5iwVj-). A firm of Medal-publishers at
Berne; successors of Durussel. They have issued a number of
Sporting and Agricultural medals, badges, &c.
MARTIN, BARTHOLOMAUS (Germ.). Mint-master at Wachenheim,
1439-1446.
MARTIN, CHARLES (French). Mint-master at Bordeaux, 1537-
1541 ; was appointed Engraver at the Mint, 4. April 1)40(1541).
Jean Dusondo became his assistant, 5. June 1542.
BlBLIOGKAPHY. Roildot, Op. clI.
MARTIN, C. (French). Medallist of the seventeenth century, whose
signature : C. MARTIN; C. M. F. or C. M. F. occurs on various
medals; amongst them on a Portrait-piece of Pierre Caignart
(diam, 54 mill!), reproduced iu Rondot, G>'aveun et MedaiUeur.'-,
PI. XXXII, fig. 4.
Bibliography. — Rondot, op. cil.
MARTIN, COLONEL. Vide MACKENZIE supra.
MARTIN, DIEGO (Span.). Goldsmith of the fourth quarter of the
sixteenth century, about whom Bolzenthal (p. 173) gives the
following particulars : " Towards the end of the sixteenth century,
an artist, who m.ight pass for a second Cellini, worked for the
Electoral Court of Brandenburg, in the reign of the Markgrave
John George. A cloud seems to rest over his name and history,
which we may perhaps succeed in dispelling. Might he not be
identified in the Spanish goldsmith, Diego Martin, whose works
for the Electoral Count are of great beauty and fineness. Two
medals may be ascribed to him, of the well-known Count Rochus
of Lynar. One of them has on the obverse the arms of the Count
with the legend : ROCH'GRAF-ZV-LINAR'MEIN-HOFNVG-
ZV^GOT and on reverse, the emblem of two hands clasped; the
date is 1578, and the Spanish inscription reads : RA (me)-ESTOS'
ASSITVNTADOS-AMAS-SEAN'A'PARTACCar). The other
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— 590 —
med:il bears !i portrait of the Count and his consort, Anna of Montot.
It is true that neither of these productions display that skilful hand,
assurance and practice one would expect to find in Martin's work,
Diego does not appear to have remained very long in the service
of the Elector, for after his residence at the Count of Lynar at
Spandau, in 1580, every trace disappears of his life and doings in
the Electorate. At the end of the sixteenth century, a silver worker
of the name of Martin, was employed in England, according to
Walpole, but it is hardly possible to identify him with tlit; Spanish
goldsmith.
"Diego Martin was succeeded at the Electoral Court by Peter
Wolff, who in 1 583 was appointed Court-Goldsmith,Geni-engraver,
and Assayer, and who also cut dies for coins. "
MARTIN, GEORGES LOUIS GABRIEL (French). Contemporary
Sculptor, Medallist and Gem-engraver, born at NeuiUy (Seine);
pupil ofFosseyandMerley. By him are the following works : 1866.
Modesty, cameo in pietra dura; — 1867. Portrait- cameo of
Leopold I., King of the Belgians; — 1868. Two cameos in onyx :
Marie Antoinette at the Conciergerie, and Portrait of M'"' B*** ; —
1869, Portrait-medallion in bronze of M™= M***; — Portrait-
ol the artist, cameo; — Female head, study, a cameo; — Female
head, study, a cameo; — 1870. Empress Josephine, cameo in
onyx; — 1873. Bacchante, onyx cameo.
Bibliography. — ■ Chavignerle et Auvray, op. cit.
MAKTIN, GUILLAUME (/■>«;!:/;). Moneyerat the Mint of Saint-Lo,
1551.
MARTIN, GOILLAUME(FfOTt:/?). Sculptor, Goldsmith, and Engraver
of Paris, whose period of activity is comprised between circa 1558
and 1590, which latter date is supposed to be that of his death.
Although somewhat inferior to Etienne de Laulne, as an artist, he
nevertheless ranks amongst the first Masters of the early French
Renaissance Medallic School. On the 34. March :557 (1558) the
Cour des Monnaies authorized him, at the same time as Claude de
H^ry " a faire chef-d'ceuvre de tailleur et graveur general ", but the
work of his competitor obtained the preference.
Martin's first production on record is a gold medal, commissioned
by Henry II., in 1558. with the King's bust, which was to be
presented, after the treaty of Caceau-Cambresis, to the German
troops in his service. Specimens exist in silver, which give a very
good idea of the artist's style.
In the same year, the -artist was entrusted with the execution of
dies with portraits and emblems of Francis II. and Mary Stuart
( " des coins pour meetre en tenailles, pour monnoyer et faire
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pieces de monnoyes k leurs portraitz et devises, etc. "). A silver
piece, in the Cabinet des Medailles, corresponds to this description,
but_ appears to be a pattern coin or a medal rather than a real
"Testooii ". [t is the work of a clever engraver.
Seven years later, Martin was commissioned to prepare dies for
' large gold pieces often Ecus " with bustii of the King (Charles IX)
Medal of Qiaile;, 1\. and
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-■- 592 —
and Dowagi;r Queen. None of these are extant, bur a silver piece
of 1565, in the French National Collection, was no doubt struck
from the same dies.
To the same Engraver, MazeroUe ascribes several medals, all in
silver, with portraits of Henry 11., Cathenne de' Medici and their
^i-^/.p^' -ffi.'^
sons. The puncheon of the bust of Henry II. (1558) was used for
a restitution medal, the IJi. of which represents Diana and bears the
date, 1552. With a similar puncheon of Catherine de' Medici,
preserved in the Paris Mint Museum, various medals were struck.
The ^L of Martin's medal of 1565 is also used as the obv. of a
piece which shows on ^L the monogram JHC under a crown. The
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_ 593 ~
head of the same dncen occurs with a bust of Henry II. (1558),
and under the reign of Henry III,, with the busts face to face of
Henry III. and Charles IX. By Martin are no doubt also the two
struck medals of Catherine de' Medici ^ Bust of Francis II.,
Charles IX., and Henry III. {illustrated), and Henry II., 1559
^ Fame blowing her trumpet {illustrated). This last medal displays
uncommonly fine work and is of charming taste.
Medal at Henry 11. , 1559.
On the death of Marc B^chot, Engraver-general of the coins
(1558) Martin applied for his post, but, as we have seen, Claude
de Hery was appointed. The artist's merit however obtained
recognition under the reign of Charles IX., when in 1565 he was
granted, by letters patent, the right of cutting dies for the coins of
the Kingdom, and a yearly stipend of three hundred livres. The
creation of this novel office raised strong ob'iections on the part
of the Cour des Monnaies, and it is difficult to say wliether the
artist ever really exercised his right.
In 1565, Martin engraved dies for the Ducats and Testons of
Jeanne d'Albret, Queen of Navarre, and contemporary documents
prove that he filled the office of Engraver-general of the coins of
Navarre, circ. 1 564-1571. In 1565 he engraved two jetons with bust
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— 594 —
of Jeanne d'Albret (one illusirated). The \ Tesion is by him also,
and probably various other coins of Navarre. The original puncheon
of Jeanne d'AIbret's Teston is preserved in the Paris Mint Museum.
Both Brucher and Beaucousin seem to have engraved dies from models
or puncheons by Martin.
" Guilbume M;irtin ", observes Mazerollc " doit occuper dans
I'histoire des medailleurs une place iionorable a cote de Marc Bechot
et d'Etienne de Laune. II n'a pas toute I'ampknr, encore itahenne
Enlacgeraeiit of the Jeton by Guillaume Martin oi Fraiicis and Maiy.
(executed in die XVII. Cent., by an unknown artist).
dc B(5chot, mais il egale au nioins Etienne de Laune par la purete
de son style el la suave expression de ses figures. Son ceuvre
personnifie, avec ceiles d'Etienne de Laune et d'Antoine Brucher,
cette belle Renaissance frangaise, qui, se d^gageant peu a peu de
I'infiuence italienne, atteint sa pleine maturite dans la seconde
nioitie du xvi' siecle ".
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The puncheons and dies which .still exist of Guilldume Martin
show him to have been an Engraver of real talent, but who however
comes second to Etienne de Laune (FideRondot, op. at., p. 220).
Bibliography. — F. Mazerolle, Etienne de Laune el GuUlaume Martin, Gazette
dcs Beaux-Arts, 1892, pp. 312-536. —Ibid., M^rfoiHsurj/cnnfrttj, 1902.— Roiidot
and De La Tour, op. cit. — Blaiidiet, Les graveurs en Bdarn,D3.%, \?.%?,. — Bulletin
Numismatique Serrure, 190;, p. 55. — A. Barre, Gravems en ni/daitUs de la
Renaissance fraifaise, 1867.
MARTIN, GOSTAVE JOSEPH (French). Contemporary Sculptor and
Modeller in wax; pupil of Ch. Gautier. At the Salon of 1890 he
exhibited a wax medallion representing a Veiled Lady; — 1892.
Portrait-medallion in wax of M'"^ Martin; — 1893. Mary Magdalene;
— Night; — 1894. La Danse; — 1S98. Dawn.
MARTIN, JEAN I {French), circ. 1539- f 1542. Mint-engraver at
Montpelher.
MARTIN, JEAN II (French), circ. 1546-1547. Mmt-engraver at
Montpellier.
MARTIN, JEAN III (French). Engraver, born in Saintonge, circ.
1633. By him are various jetons. In 1688 he was accused of
cutting dies for false coins.
Bibliography. — Roiidot, op. oil.
MARTIN, LOUIS (/-Vmc/j). Mint-engraver at Angers, 1720.
MARTIN, RAOUL (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Mehun-en-Berry (Cher). At the Salon oi 1902 he exhibited a
medallion in bronze " La Ravaudeuse".
MARTIN (or MARTYN), SIR RICHARD (Brit.). (1534-1617). The
following exhaustive account of Martin's life was contributed by
Mr. WarwicI; Wroth, to the Dictionary of National Biography
(Vol. XXXVI). "Master of the Mint and Lord Mayor of London
was borii in 1534. He adopted the business of a Goldsmith, and
in 1594 is mentioned as one of the goldsmiths to Queen Elizabeth
(Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1 591-4, p. 559; 1603-10, p. 574). In 1559-
60 he was appointed Warden of the Mint, and held this ofEce til!
1594-5, ^n'^ perhaps later. In 1580-1 he was appointed Master of
the Mint, and appears to have held this ofRce till his death in 1617
(ib. 1611-18, p. 489; cf. ib. 1603-10, p. 566). In September 1597
he petitioned the Queen for sixteen pence on every pound weight
of silver coined, on account of his losses in connection with the
mint. He declared that he had done good service in apprehending
counterfeiters of the coin, and that the money made in his time was
richer by 30.000 /. at the least than the like quantity made by any
former Mint-master, ' by reason of his care to keep the just
,stsd by Google
standard ' (ib- 1595-7, P- 50'')- A manuscript tract by Martin,
entitled ' A brief Note of tliose Things which are to be done by the
Warden of the Mint ', is in the Brit. Mus. (Harl. MS. No. 698,
fol. 13), and some extracts from it are given in Ruding's ' Annals
of the Coinage ', I, 71. About 1600 Martin made an offer to
improve the coinage of Ireland, and to make ' small copper moneys '
Portrait of Sir Ridi.ird Mil-
iar currency in England (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1598-1601,
pp. 516, 5i7)- In May (?) 1601 he issued the report of himself
and eleven other commissioners appointed by the Queen ' to inquire
concerning the preservation and augmentation of the wealth of the
realm ' (;6 1601-3, pp 47,48) OniiSept r6io Martin received
Pattern Hjlfcrown of Queen Elizabeth, 1602.
a warrant from James I. for the repayment of 410 I. still due to
him as warden of the mint under Elizabeth (ib. 1603-10, p. 632;
cf, Nichols, Progresses of Jama I., II, 411).
" Martin was elected Alderman of the city of London on 29. May
1 578, and was sheriff in 1581. He was Lord Mayor for the remain-
der of the year, on the death of Sir Martin Calthorpe, on 5. May
1589, and again on the decease of Sir Cuthbert Buckle, on i. July
1594. He was a strenuous supporter of the city's rights. On
31. August 1602 he was removed from his aldermanship, the
reasons assigned being his poverty and imprisonment for debt,
.Google
— 597 —
and his refusal to surrender his office after having accepted one
thousand marks as a condition of his retirement (Remembrancia,
1579-1664,20, Dec. 1602),
" Martin was knighted by Queen Elizabeth some time between
1562 and 1594... He died in July, 1617, and was buried in the
south chancel of Tottenham Church... One of his five sons, named
Richard (f 1616) was citizen and goldsmith of London, and was
from about 1584 associated for several years with his father in the
mastership of the mint.
" A fine silver medal (obv. illustrated') in the British Museum,
cast and chased by Stephen of Holland in 1562, and believed to be
unique, bears the portraits of Martin and liis wife (Vide Vol. II.
P- 530"-
Under Martin in 1582-3, the old standard and weightof the gold
coins, which had been slightly debased by Louison, his predecessor,
was restored, but in 1601, the weight of the money both of gold
and silver was somewhat reduced.
The curious and unique Pattern Halfcrown of Qyeen Elizabeth
reproduced here, which was originally in the cabinet of the Ear! of
Oxford and is now in the National Collection, was supposed to have
been engraved at the Royal Mint, in the last year of the Queen's
reign, under the Mint-master, Sir Richard Martin.
Horace Walpole " Catalogue of Royal and Noble Authors ",
I" ed,, I, 126, describing a fragment of one of the gold coins of
this Queen, says : " Vertue, the engraver, had a pocket book of
Isaac Oliver, in which the latter had made a memorandum that
the queen would not let him give any shade to her features, tehing
him, ' that shade was an accident, and not naturally existing in the
face ', Her portraits are generally without shadow. I have in my
possession another strongly presumptive proof of this weakness; it
is a fragment of one of her last broad pieces, representing her
horridly old and deformed. An entire coin with this image is not
known; it is universally supposed that the die was broken by her
command, and that some workman in the mint cut out this morsel
which contains barely the face. As it has never been engraved, so
singular a curiosity may have its merit in a work which has no other
kind of merit. " The fragment referred to was purchased by the
British Museum at the Strawberry Hill Sale, 1842, and is engraved
in Ruding, Suppl. part ii PI. 111, N" 7.
The pattern Halfcrown shov/s no doubt a similar portrait of the
Queen*.
Bibliography. — W, Wroth, Richard Marlpt, Diet. Nat. Biog. XXXVI. —
Ruding, op, cit. — Hawkins's Medallic Illustrations, &c , ed. Franks and Grueber,
*Botli the Halfcrown and thegold piece are now believed to be early nineteenth
century concoctions.
atdb, Google
- !98 -
I, 107, 108. — Cataiddis of Slate Papers. — Overall's Remeiiibrancia. — Robinson's,
Tollenham. — Grueber, Handbook, &c. — Kenyon, op. cit. — Chaffers, Gilda
Aiirijabrorum, p. 51, — Pinkerton, MedaUic Hist., PI. x, j. — Guide to English
Medals, PI. r, 35. — R. Whitbourn, On an Unique and Unpublislied Patlim for a
Half-crown of the last year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Archaeologia, 11, 169.
MARTINENGO, GOTTHARD, or GEORG {Germ.'). Mint-master at
Coblen;^, 1762-1794 (Schlkkeysen). A Conventionsthaler of Johann
Philipp, Archbishop of Treves, 1764 is signed G.M. ; also another
(on ^) of Antofi Ignaz, Prince ofElwangen, 1765.
MARTINENGO, GOTTHARD (Gem.). Provisional Mint-warden at
Wiirzburg, 1794; Assistant Mint-master, 1802; Provisional Mint-
snperinrendent, 1806-1813 ; died in 1857.
MARTINENGO, JOHAMN NIK0LAU8 (G«-m.)- Minc-masterand coun-
cillor at Wur;(burg, 1762-1803, and previously, 1757-1762, Mint-
master at Cobienz. The initials N.M- occur on Conventionsthaler
and Half Thaler of Johann Philipp, Archbishop of Treves, 176 1.
MARTINESI, VIRGIL (Ital.). Medallist at Naples, circ. 1731. His
initials V H. are said to occur, in conjunction with an A (Mint-master
Ariani's signature) on medals of about that date (Nagler, Mono-
^rammiiten, V, 1303).
MARTINET, AIMfi ACHILLE {French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Paris ; pupil of his father and J. Gautherin, and d'Echerac.
He exhibited at the Salon of 1880, a Portrait-medallion, entitled
" Portrait de maman Simon d'Ablon", and in 18S1, another, cast
in bronze, ot M"" Martinet.
BmuoGRApHV. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. di.
MARTINEZ, B. (Span.). Medallist of the last quarter of the eighteenth
century and early part of the nineteenth. His signature : MARTINEZ
occurs in full on a Proclamation medal of Charles TV. and Louise,
at Soria, 1789 (Herrero, n" 100).
MARTINEZ, DOMINGO {Span.). Line-engraver, born at Valencia,
1816; died 14. November 1898 at Madrid. He obtained great
notoriety as a copper-plate Engraver, and from 1868 to 1898 he
was Chief-engraver to the Bank of Spain. By him are some Medals
and Portrait-medallions, as well as Patterns for coins.
MARTINI, FRANCESCO (Ital.). Slenese Painter, Sculptor, and
Architect, 1439-1502. According to Vasari, he executed a Portrait-
medal ot Fcderigo del Montefeltro, first duke of Urbino, which
has not been identified hitherto.
MARTINI (.S'wwj). Goldsmith of Lucerne and Fribourg, who in
1601-2 was engaged in cutting dies for Uri.
./Google
— 599 —
MARTINIC, ZDISLAW BORITA VON (Bohem.). Mint-master-general
for Bohemia, 1 572-1 575.
ISim.ioGiiAPHY. — E, Fiala, op. cit.
MARTINO BERGAMASCO. Vide MOB.
MARTINO DA BERGAMO {IlaL). Medallist, who was working at
Bergamo, circ. 1565. By him are probably the Portrait-medals,
which exist in two si^es (87 and 29 mill.) of the Paduan lawyer,
Marco Mantova Benavides (1489-1582);^. FESSUS LAMPADA
TRADO Bull. Vide also M - M,B — M.BO. — infra.
Bibliography. — Armand, op. cit., I, 248, — Blanchet, op. cit. — Morelli,
Nolij^ie iFopei-e di disegno. — Mus. Maxxt'ch., I, Lxxxiv, 5.
MARTINO DA SAVONA (/to/.). This Medallist's signature: MART.
SA. OP. occurs on the obv. of a Portrait- medal of Girolamo Cones-
taggi, dated 1590.
BniuoGRAPHY. — Armand, op. of,, I, 299; III, 145. — Blanchct, op. cit.
MARTINUZZI, FRATER GEORGIUS(H//«^.). Hungarian State Treas-
urer, whose initials F.G. and symbol, unicorn, are found on Ducats
of John I. Zapolya, for Transsylvania, 1538-1540.
Bibliography. — Adolf Resch, Siebenhurgisclie Miin^cn wid MedaiUeii, 1901.
MARTYN, RICHARD. Vide SIR RICHARD MARTIN supra.
MARX, LUCIEK (^French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Vesoul
(Haute-Saone) ; pupil of M. Tranchant. By him are numerous
Portrait-medaUions, amongst which I have noticed : 1S96. A. Cou-
tard ; — ■ J. Lavigayrie.
MARTYN, T. (Brit.). Designer of a medal, engraved by T. Wyon,
commemorating the Centenary of the Union of England and
Scotland, 1807 : obv. Busts of George III. and Queen Charlotte.
^C. Three female figures, etc.
BiRLiOGLiAPHY, — Cocliran-Patricli, Medals of Scotland, p. 31,
MARYON, MISS EDITH (BnV.)- Contemporary Sculptor and
Modeller, whose works, exhibited at the Royal Academy since 1899
" show taste and elegance, and are full of promise ". Amongst
these I may mention : Mother and child, medallion in bronze; —
Religion, plaque; — May Morning, relief for a fire-place, etc.
Bibliography. — M. H. Spielman, British Sculpture and Sculptors of To-day.
MASBARREAUX or MASBEREADS, THE BROTHERS (Fntich). Gold-
smiths, Chasers, and MedaUisis of Limoges, first quarter of the seven-
teenth century. Vide MABAREAUX supra.
MASCARON, ANTOINE (French'). Mint-master at Marseilles, 1593-
1594-
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MASCARON, JEAN (Frt'nch). Mint-master at Sisteron, who struck
coins in the name of Henry IV., 1593-1594.
MASER, BENEDIKT {Germ.'). Mint-administrator and Warden at
Michelstadt, 1561.
MASINI, LORENZO (/;«/.). Venetian Gem- engraver of the eighteenth
century, whose signature HASINI or MASINOS occurs on some
intagli executed by him. He also imitated antique gems : Diana ot
the Mountains, in amethyst, signed: AflOAAnNlOY; ~ Diana
with a bow in her hand, carnelian, eqnally signed; — Head of
Syrius, with a collar, on which is inscribed : TAIOC EPOIEI
(a copy). Masini is said to have engraved his name on this
gem in the presence of Baron Stosch in whose possession it was;
■— Head of Sextus Pompeius (a copy), etc.
Masini is the author of a work entitled: Considera:(:oni sopra
Marielie, Venice, 1756, 4'°.
BintlOGRAPHY. — Babclou, 0^. fit. — Raspe, Tassi^ Gems, 1791-
MASINOS. Fide AGATHANGELOS (Vol. I, N. E., p. 29), A Portrait-
intaglio in carnelian of Sextus Pompeius, copied from the well-known
ArAOANTEAOr
gem bearing Agathangelos's signature, is signed : MACINOC
€noi€i
and is no doubt the work of Lorenzo Masini.
MASIO, JEAN DE (7J(j/.). Mint-master at Chambcry, 1421. He
was a native of Asti, and filled a similar office at Turin, i4i8(under
Louis of Achaia), and Embrun, 1^20.
MAStlTZER, HANS (Germ.). Goldsmith and Medallist of Nurem-
berg, circ. 1538-1574, of whom however very little is known. The
late Alfred von Sallet suggested that he may have been the author
of the medal reproduced here, which bears his portrait on obv.
Neudorffer in his Nachrkhten von Kmstlem und Werkkuten, 1547,
gives the following particulars of this artist: " dieser Maslitzer ist
eine Zeit lang Rechenmeister gewesen und ein zierlicher Schreiber,
wohl gegrundet und beruhmt. Seinen Anfang im Giessen hat er
von Herrn MelchiorPfinzing, Propst, aber sein Fleiss und Uebung
hat ihn mit gottlicher Hilf dahin bracht, dass er alien Goldschmiden
genug zu giessen hiitce. Er geusst aber von Gold und Silber und
durchbrochen so rein, als ware es verseubert (ciselirf) hohl gegosscn
oder getrieben.
' ' In Probieren allerlei Erz Bergwerk, und Silber auch im Scheiden,
ist er ganz gewiss(ifo- erste) und alles das so an ein Miinz gehort,
kann er verrichten, und weiss im Priigen der Munz solche Vortheil,
wie wenig Miinzmeister noch erfunden werden. Die Probierung
,ledo/GoO(^[c
— 6oi —
Kumachen, hat ereinen grossen Beruf, aber die Streiclinadel von
Gold und Silber zuzurichten, wird seines gleichen wcnig gefunden.
Erhat a. 1538 die goldene und bleierne Miinz gegossen, die zutn
Gedaechtniss an dem Bau zwischen dem Vestner und Thiergaitner
Thor gelegc worden. Ward Genannter des grosseren llaths 1532 ".
Maslitzer died, accordingto Lochner, in 1574. The medal attrib-
uted to him, by Neudorffer, of the Building above-mentioned, is
not by hitn, but by Peter Flotner, whose initials it bears ; and it is
more likely that Maslitzer was not a modeller, but only a clever
founder, vi'ho may have been employed to cast medals as well as
other decorative and sculpture worlds. His Portrait-medal however
is signed £_ which characteristic mark occurs on his tombstone,
where we find his name as Hans Miicxlic7;er . It seems possible
therefore that this interesting medal is by him, and that it may
Portrait-medal of Hans Masll
have been executed to commemorate his election to the Gross Kaih
in 1532. Bolzenthal expressed the same opinion, and states : " It is
said of Hans Maslitzer that in 1538 he cast medals in gold, silver,
copper and lead, which were laid as a memorial under the Building
between the Vestner and Thiergartner Gates. As Maslitzer was
celebrated for his cast works in gold and silver, so do his medals
belong to the most remarkable works of the kind, and as he lived
until 1574, we may conclude that he executed many. Perhaps his
own likeness at the age of 27 may have been his own production. "
Ammon adds that Maslitzer did not sink irons, but on the other
hand von Sallet connects his name with seal-engraving.
Bibliography. — A. von Sallet, Deutsche Gussinedailleii, Zeits. fur Num., XI,
pp. 124-8. — Doppelmayr, op. cU. — NeudOrffer, oO. cU. — BoUenthal, op. cil. —
Amnion, op. cit.
MASLITZER, TOBIAS (G«-m.). Mint-master at Nuremberg, 1575-
ijSj. He was a clever artist, and in 1593 the Nuremberg city
council entrusted him with the execution of Seals in silver.
Bibliography. — Gebert, Geschkhlider Mfm^stdUe der Reichsladl Niii-jiberg, 189a.
, Google
— 602 —
MASNAGO, ALESSANDBO (Ilal.). Son of Antonio Masnago of
Milan, and Gem-engraver In the service of the Emperor Rudolph II. ,
end of the sixteenth century. Arneih, Die Cinque cento Cameen,
Ep. 29-30, mentions the following cameos as having been executed
y this artist: Jupiter killing the Titans; — ■ Psyche; — Rape of
Proserpina by Pluto; — Virgin and child.
Bibliography. — Babelon, op. cil.
MASNAGO, ANDREA DI (Ilal.'). Gem- and Seal-engraver to Ferdi-
nand of Aragon, Klngof Naples, c/rc, 1487.
MASNAGO, ANTONIO (Ilal.). Milanese Gem-engi-aver of the second
half of the sixteenth century, whose son Alessandro attained great
notoriety at the imperial court of Vienna.
MASO. Vide FINIGUERRA. Vol. II, p. 93.
MASON, MABEL (Brit). Contemporary Sculptor and Modeller;
pupil of M"^ Genevieve Granger; residing in London; exhibited
at the Royal Academy in 1904 some Portrait-plaquettes and a
Medallion: Maggie; and previously, at the Salon of 1902, and
1903, two Portrait-plaquettes.
MASSACHUSETTS AND CALIFORNIA Co. Issuers of a Californian
5 dollar piece, 1849, with Arms on obv, and Wreath on I^.
MASSAUN, PIERRE (FrfWj). Mint-master at St. Palais, i6i4;Pau,
1612-1618.
ISuiLiOGRAPHY. — J. A. Blanchet, Histoin mone.taire liu Beam.
MASSARA, MARCHESE (Ilal). Chief-Inspector at the Mint of
Naples, civc. 1756.
MASSAULT, JEAN (French). Mint-engraver at La Rochelle, nrc .
1454-1458.
MASSAUX, GHISLAIN JOSEPH (Belg.). Goldsmith of the first hall
of the nineteenth century, who is said to have produced some
medaUic work. He was born at Bois-de-Villers, near Namur,
7 February 1772; died at Ghent, 9 September 185 1. Pupil of Van
Pouche.
MASSELIN, JOSEPH fiDOUARll (French). Contemporary Sculptor
and Medallist, born at Paris; pupil of Levasseur.
At the Salon of 1888 this artist exhibited a bronze medal bearing
a Head of the French Republic;— 1889. Two Portrait-medallion,s;
— 1892. H. H. Pope Leo XIII.
MASSON (French). Mint-engraver at Bourges, circ. 1576.
I lo.tedb/ Google
— ■ 6o^ —
MASSON (French'). Medallist of the first quarter of tlie nineteenth
century. He wzs Logistein 1812; subject of the medahThe French
Hercules. By him are the following medals: Alesis Piron, poet,
1817; — J. Hardouin Mansart, architect, 1817; — JeanRotrou,
1818 ; — Marc Gu^lon of Ti'oyes, hostage of Louis XVI.
MASSON, AVGUSIZ (French). Sculptor and Medallist, circ. 1842-
1870; horn at Paris; pupil of the Brothers FanniSres. Amongst his
medaliic productions I may mention: 1842. Richard Lucas; —
Louis Malleray ; — 1848. Eugene Sainl-Amand ; — Auguste B***;
— 1870. Horace Vernet. All these are bronze Medallions, cast,
B:biiography. — Chavignerie et Auvcay, op. cU.
MASSON, SfiBASTIEN (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Rheims (Marne). Chavignerie et Auvray mention two Portrait-
medallions by him: 1866. M. D***; — 1870. R. P. Jiicquier.
MASSONNET (French). Editor of medals, whose signature :
MASSONNET EDIT, occurs on Prize Medals, Badges, Tickets, etc.,
engraved by various artists; for instance: Medal of the conseil
municipal of Bordeaux (1890), by A. Borrel; — J. P. Beranger,
1856; — Isabel II., of Spain, War against Morocco, 1859, by
A Gerbier; — Isabel II., African campaign, 1859-1860; — Pri?;e
Medal of the Argentine Agricultural Society, 1874; — Landingof
Garibaldi at Marsala i860; — Landing of Garibaldi in Calabria,
i860; — Ambulances duXI^ arrondissement, 1834; — Compagnie
des lits railitaires, 1866; — Proclamation to the Italian Nation,
1859, &c.
MASSOULLE, ANBRfi ARTHUR PAUL (French). Sculptor and
Medallist, born at Epernay (Marne), died at Paris, 19, June 1901, at
the age of fifty. He was a pupil of Salmson and Cavelier. His prin-
cipal works are aStatueofMadame deSevigne, which was purchased
by the State and which now decorates the Legion of Honour Board-
ing School at Saint-Denis; two Water-genii on the Alexander III.
Bridge, and the Tomb of Carnot atChMons-sur-Marne. He obtained
a medal of the second class and a purse in 1882, a silver medal at
the Universal Exhibition of 1889, and was created a Knight of the
Legion of Honour in 1894.
His medaliic productions are few in number: 1881. Portrait-
medallion of M. X***, barrister; — 1886. Henry J***; — 1886.
M'"' H. J.***; — 1898. Plaquette, representing on one side the
the Republic covering with her shield a child reading, and on the
other, a cock.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, op. cit. — Catalogue d-u Salon, 188c-
1900. — L'Art, 1894, p. ;2i. — Gazelle tiumumatiqiie jran(aise, 1S99, p. 98.
atdb, Google
^ 604 —
MASSYS or METSYS, QUENTIM (Belg.). Also QUINTIJN MESSIJS
or QUINTIN MATSYS, a celebrated Smith and Painter of Antwerp,
born at Louvain about 1460, is said to have died in the Carthusian
convent at Antwerp, during the second half of 1530, between
July 13 and September 16. He was brought up by his father as a
Portrait of Quentin Massys.
smith, "a pursuit then often requiring artistic knowledge and
manipulative skill. " The early years of his life were spent at Lou-
vain, where he began to distinguish himself, then he settled at
Antwerp, and there, falling in love with a painter's daughter, in
order to gain her hand, he took to painting, removing for a time
,;.Goo'^lc
— 6o5 —
to Brussels to learn the art of Roger van der Weyden. In a short
time he was able to handle the brush as well as the hammer. In 1491
he was admitted a master into the Antwerp guild of St. Luke, and
shortly afterwards he married Adelaide van Tuylc, by whom he had
six children; after her death, he married again in 1508-9, and had
by his second wife seven children. In the well-known portrait at
Florence, Massys is represented with his second wife, Catherine
Heyens; it is dated 1520.
Quentin Massys was undoubtedly one of the most celebrated
painters of his time at Antwerp. His master-piece, the " Taking
down from the cross", paintea in 1508, for the altar of the chapel
of the Joiners' company in the cathedral, is now one of the principal
attractions of the Antwerp Museum. It is most carefully and elabor-
„,'5i?S8?-
Portrait- medal of Erasmus of Rotterdam, by Jean Second, and probably modelled
from Quentin Massys's original, now lost.
ately executed, and is an admirable work, in spite of its Gothic
taste. The painter received only three hundred florins for it,
about £ 25 ; and the city purchased it of the Joiners' company for
fifteen hundred florins in 1577. Queen Elizabeth wished to possess
it, and is said to have offered in vain forty thousand florins for it.
The careful works of this painter are well-known in this country,
from the so-called " Misers ' at Windsor, the picture in the National
Gallery, and other examples. Quentin enjoyed the friendship of the
municipal secretary, Peter Gillis (Egidius), of B. Thomas More,
of Diirer, and Holbein.
The painter was originally buried in the convent of the Carthu-
sians, and when this convent was suppressed his remains were
reburied in front of the cathedral at Antwerp, with the following
inscription placed in the wall of the cathedral, to commemorate the
circumstance and his history : — " Qnintino Matsys, incomparabiHs
o,Goo(^[c
— 6o6 —
artis pictori, admiratrix grataquc Poiteritis aonu post obitum
saecukri CID. DC. XXIX. posuit. Coniiubialis amor de muliebre
fecit Apeliem " (ZJ/c/. of Univ, Biog., Ill, p. 333}.
On Erasmus of Rotterdam's own testimony, we learn that
Massys executed a Portrait-medal of himself (...Unde statuarms
iste iiactus sit effi-giem tnei demiror, nisi fortasse habet earn quam Quin-
Hnus Antverpiae fudtt ^re). The medal, reproduced here (p. 605),
has been hitherto attributed to Quencin, but recent research has
led D'' Simonis (LMc/ da McdaiUetir en Belgitjue, 1900)10 conclude
Ponrait-medaliioii of Qjiciitin Massys, by himseli.
that it is the work of the medallist Jean Second, who probably
modelled it from Massys's medallion (^Vide, op. at., pp. 31 and 83).
But there are at least two other Portrait-medallions, which are
ascribed to the celebrated painter; one with his own portrait
(illustrated), and the other with that of his sister Christine Massys
(in the possession of M. le Chevalier Van den Bergh, of Antwerp).
These medals are absolutely different in style and treatment to that
of Erasmus, who probably knew of the work of Jean Second, as he
says in a letter to Botteus : " Where did this sculptor procure
my portrait ? Perhaps he possesses that which Quentin Metsys
cast in bronze at Antwerp ?"
,stsd by Google
Commenting on Christine Massys's portrait, D' Simonis observes :
" Quentin Metsys a donne au portrait de sa sceur iin fort relief; il
la presente de face avec un talent el une surete de main que n'ont
pas atteints les artistes italiens, qui n'ont en general laisse que des
profils, et qu'atteindront vingt-cinq ans plus tard seulement les
medailleurs allemands dans leurs magnifiques medailles en bois on
en pierre. La figure de Christine est captivante dans sa modestie,
elle se presente avec la meme grice naive que les saintes femmes de
Massys, by QLn,-[itin Matsys
I'ensevelissenient du Christ du tableau du musee d'Anvers. C'est Ic
grand art de la medaille iconique, sans ornements, sans details qui
apparent la grandeur et la simplicite de I'ojuvte, Nous connaissions,
jusqu'a ce iour, deux niedaillons attribu^s a Quentin Metsys; sa
niMaille a ini, qui a et^ reproduite dans Van Mieris, et la medaille
d'Erasme, dat^e de 1519, qui figure a la fois dans Van Mieris et
dans le Trisor de numismatique (Midailles allemandes). Les miJdaiUes
de Quentin Metsys et de sa sceur sont coiiinie des bas-reliefs, tenant
filutot de la sculpture; eltes ont entre elles les plus grandes ana-
ogies et proviennenc certainement du meme artiste; mais la
medaille dTirasme est plut6t, comme le dit M. PicquiJ, une ceuvre
de peintre d fines degradations de plans. "
B litL 10 GRAPH Y. — D'' Julien Simonis, L'Arl du metlaiHetir en Belgiqiie, Bruxellts,
1900. — Brvan's Dictionary of Painters and Ei^-auers, 1904. — I. B. Supino, //
atdb, Google
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MedagUere Mcdiceo. — Bolzenthal, op. cit. — Pitich^rl, Biographies dcs Gravmrs
beiges, Rmnie de la num. beige, I, 2, p. 66. ^ Gazette des Beaux-Arts, i888, I, j,
J04 ; II, 197. — A. PiQchart, Hisloire de la Gravure des me'dailles en Belgique,
Bruxelles, 1870. — Immerzeel, De Leveiis en Werkm der fiollandsche en Vlaanuehe
Kiinstschilders, Beeldhoutuers, Gravears en Botcwenusters, Amsterdam, 1843.
MASTER, THE, OF THE ORPHEUS LEGEND. Under this heading
Bode has described a number of Reliefs, dating from the second
half of the fifteenth century, and the work of an artist of Northern
Italy. These are : Vulcan in his forge with Mercury and Venus ;-■
Mars crowned hy Victory; — Apollo and Daphne; — Orpheus
slain by theThracian maids; — Rape of Europa; — Achilles taking
leave of Thetis; — Venus brings arms to Aeneas; — Antique
sacrificial Scene; — Three mythological Representations; —
Memento mori.
BiULioGRAPiiv. — Bode, Die ilalieimclsen Broaden, Berlin, 1904.
MASTERS, Vide MEDALLISTS.
MASTINI, A. {hal). Gem-engraver ot the early part of the
nineteenth century, and author of a I^ortrait-cameo on sardonyx of
Napoieon I.
MASTRELLE, ELOY. Vide ELOTE MESTRELL.
MASTRELLE, PHILIPPE. Vide PHILIPPE MESTRELL.
MASTRELLINI (//a/.). Roman Sculptor of the second half of the
eighteenth century, and author of numerous Portraic-medaliions,
among which two, one with bust of John Pichler, the Gem-engraver,
and the other, with an unknown male portrait, were reproduced
in enamel paste by the Tassies.
Bibliography. — Raspe, op. cH. —J. M. Gray, Jawes ami Ifiliiam Tassie, 1894.
MASUDA, J. (Japan). Deputy Commissioner of the Mint at
Osaka, from May 1892 to June 1893, and Chief-engraver at the
Mint there from August 1892 and still in office (January 1907).
MATABON, CHARLES (French). Sculptor of the second half of the
nineteenth century, born at Lyons, pupil of Duret, Bontour, and
Caillouette. By him are various Portrait-medallions, mostly cast in
bronze : 1864. Portrait ot a Lady; — 1866. M. Julian Sen''; —
1876. Mrs P. Gordon-Duff; — 1880. M"'' Marguerite Cordier;
— 1881. The Spring, plaquette in bronze.
Bibliography. — Chavignerie et Auvray, 0^. cil.
MATAGRIN (French). Sculptor of the second half of the nineteenth
century, and author of a Portrait- medal of Emile Joseph Maurice
Cheve (vide Musiker-Medaillen, Mitth. des Kliihs &c., 1900, 98).
lo.tedo.GoOf^lc
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MATHAREL, GDILLAOME (French). Mint-engraver at Dijon, circ.
1380-1400. There are also jetons by him with the arms of the
Duke of Burgundy, 1400.
BiBLiOGiiAPHY. — Rondot, Gravmn el Midailhurs, 1904,
MATHAS, A. (Austr.). Assistant-engraver at the Vienna Mint,
iSi 1-1834. He died on i. March 1834.
MATHELIN, MAURICE DE (Belg.). Painter and Sculptor, residing
at Brussels, mentioned in M, de Witte's, La Midaille en Belgique
au XIX' sikk, 1905.
HATHES {Austr.). Goldsmith, and Mint-engraver at Landshut,
circ. 1458.
MATHES (Austr.). Moneyer at Vienna, 1368; died 2. March, 1383.
MATHES, MICHAEL(^M5;r.). Mint-engraver at Vienna, 1850-1S5 2;
Nagybanya, 1852-1856, Vienna, 1856-1858; Carlsburg (Gyula-
fehervar), 1858-1859, then again at Vienna, 1863-1869. He engraved
the dies for an issue of 5 Kreutzer pieces, 1858-59, 1863-64, witli
laur, head ofFrancis Joseph!., also the divisionary coinage of that
same period for the Austrian provinces of Lombardo-Venetia. He
died at Vienna on 2. September 1869,
Bibliography. — Heinr. Ciibasch jun.. Die Mi'inim uiUer der Rcg'ienmg des
Kaisers Fruni Joseph I., 189S-1896.
MATHET, LOUIS (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born atTarbes;
pupil of Dumont. He is the author of numerous Portraic-medalHons,
cast in bronze, some of which were exhibited at the Salon, in 1884,
1886, and later.
MATHIAS, DENIS (French). Mint-engraver at Rennes, from
25. Februaiy 1654 to his death in 1674.
MATHIAS, RENE (French). Son of Denis Mathias, was appointed
his successor in 1674, but ceded his office to Jean Bedart.
MATHIAS DER MDNZER (Austr.). Moneyer at Vienna, y I353'
Another, of the same name, held this office in 1383.
HATHIEU, fiTIENNE EUKkWEh (French). Manufacturer of buttons
and Die-sinker at Lyons. In 1791-92 he took part with Claude
Antoine Merci6 and Jean Marie Mouterde in the undertaking to
coin pure bell-metal as currency, and is said to have engraved some
of the dies of the pattern coins. He was an Associate of the
" Soci^te des Artistes r^unis de Lyon ". (Vide MERClfi). In the
association, Mathieu was entrusted with the mechanical part of the
I.. FotKKi., — BwgrafhiialNolUtKif MiilMhl>. — III. i9
>stsd by Google
work, Mercie with the cutting of the dies, :md Moiitcrde with the
casting of the metal.
Bibliography. — N. Roiidoi et il. dc la I'our, up. at. ~~ RoLidot.-Gjijwiiis
lyonnais, p. 70.
MATHIED, JEHAN(FraieA). Mint-master at Bourge.s, in 1528;
dismissed in the same year for altering his Letters Patent, iind
replaced by Pierre Roiisard in 1529.
BiiiLloGHAtHY. — E. Faivrc, 11^. wV,
MATHIED-MEUSNIER (French). Sculptor, born ar Paris on tlie
I. April 1824; pupil of A, Duniont, and C. Desains; entered the
bcole des Beaux-Arts in 1841 ; and obtained a medal of the Third
Class in 1844. He has executed several Portrait-medallions, castin
bronze, some of which were exhibited at the Salon : 1865. Emile
OUivier; — 1867. Vallon de Villeneuve ; — r868. Delangle; —
1869. Sarah Bernhardt;— 1875. M™= S. Testard ; — 1878. Rio-
creux; -^ 1879. Sarah Bernhardt, in her roleof the,Q.ueen, inRuy-
Blas (silvered bronze medallion); — M™" Regnard ; — 1880.
M"= Reneede Pont-Jest; — 1884. D' L. P.***; — 1884. Dussienx-
Keller.
By this artist are numerous statues, busts, sculptural groups, &c.
BiKLioGiiAPHY. — ChavigLierie et Auvray, op. cii. ^li, p. 53.
MATTEI, LOUIS OCTAVE (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born
at Van (Maine-et- Loire); pupil of Tonnellier. At the Salon of 1904
he exhibited two Portrait- medals in silver of M"" Alice and Gabrieile
Wahher, and in 1906 : D"' Cange ; — M"'= Helene C***; —
MATTEO DEI BENEDETTI (/ia/.).- Gem-eiigraver at Bologna; died
in 1523. He is extolled by Achillini in his " Viridario ".
MATTEO DEL NASSARO. F/ifi^NASSABO.
MATTEO DE' PASTI. FidePkSTl.
MATTHAEUS, CARL (Germ.). Mint-engraver at Nuremberg, circ.
1584-1602.
■ MATTHIAS DER MUMZER (Aaslr.). Moneyer at Vienna, ckc. 13S3.
MATTIGHOFER VOK STERNFELS, CHRISTOPH (Austr.). Provisional
Miiit-master at Budweis, 1577, during the absence, of Tobias
Gebhardt at Prague; then Mint-master there, i583-ti9- July 1613 ;
privy mark,-a small lion's head within a circle.
Bibliography. — E. Fiala, op. cit.
atdb, Google
MATTEO DI GIOVANNI DEI Qtal.). Goldsmith, Clmscr, and Niello-
worker of the fifteenth century. At the Real Musco Nazionale,
in Florence, is a " Pace " in chased silver, with a representation of
" Pace ", by Matteo di Gi
the Crucifixion in niello-work, by this artist. It was executed for
the coniinunity of St. Paul in 1455 and has' been erroneously
ascribed to Finiguerra.
BiBLioGHAPHV. — Nagler, op. cit.
MATTIS, VERIUS DE (Bohem.). Mint-master at Prague, circ. 1335.
MATTON, ARS£nE £D0UARD (Bdg.). Sculptor and Medallist, born
at Harlebeke, 15. Decembiir 1875 ; pupil of the Royal Academies of
Malines and Brussels. He has hitiierto worked principally for
publishers of medals,
MATTON, W^^ IDA {Swed.). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Gefle (Sweden); pupil of Chapu. At the Salon of 1897 she exhibited
,ledo/GoO(^[c
Portrait-medallions and Bronze Reliefs : Phyllis; — The Castle of
Montfort ; — A Brittany girl, &c.
MATZENKOPF, FBAKZ (Auslr.). Mint-engraver and Medallist at
Salzburg, cux. 1727-1754. His signature F. M. K. or MK; F. DK ;
WK. occurs on currency (AT. Double-Ducats, Ducats ;..R.TiiaIers,
Half,and Q.uai'ter Th3lers&c.),ofLeopoldAnton(i727-r744),Jacob
Ernst (1745-1747), and Andreas C1747-175 3). One of liis last
works is a medal on the Coronation of the Archbishop Sigismund III.,
Count von Schrattenbacb, 1753, which exists in various sizes and
types ; — but he did also : iji, of Medal on Coronation of Leopold
Anton, Count von Firmian, 1727 (obv. by Doiiner); — Medal on
Coronation of Jakob Ernst, Count von Liechtenstein, 1745 (2 ^
types, IN MANU DOMINI SORS MEA,and DOMINUS AUTEM
ASSUMPSIT ME); — Medal on Coronation of Andreas Jakob,
Count von Dieirichstein, 1747 ^L. AMORE ET JUSTITIA ; ~~
Undated Pattern 100 Ducat piece in gold of Archbishop Andreas
Jakob (80 mill, in diameter) ; ■ — and others, described in the
Catalogue of the Gustav Zeller Collection (Vienna, 1902) :
Leopold Anton, Enthronization {^L by Becker); — Ducats of 1728,
1739; — Half Ducat, 1728 ; — Quarter Ducat, 1740; — Thaler,
173S, &c. — Jacob Ernst, Portrait-medal of 1745; — { Ducat,
174s; — Thalers, 1745, 1746; — Andreas Jacob, Double Ducat,
1750; — Ducats, 1747, 1748; — I Ducats, 1749, 1751; —
Thalers, 1748, 1750, 1752, &c. — Sigismund III. Enihwm-/,stion
Medal, 1753 ; — Ar;other, on his Consecration (sii^ned : F. M, K.),
&c.
■K iw: '.- MS 'S\
C.oion iri(.>ii ijl' Archbishop Leopold, 1727.
Zeller calk Matzcnkopf an artist of exceptional talent, whose
productions rank among the best struck at Salzburg. Many of his
Thalers are medallic.
Bibliography. — Gustav Zeller, Die an den fiirsteixMicljdllich-saljburgischen
MUn^e angesiBllien, oder fiir dieselbe thdtig gevjesenen answartigen Mun^eisenschneidei;
Graveurs und Medailkurs, Wiener Numismatische Zeitschntt, XX, J99.
db, Google
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MATZENKOPF, FRANZ JUNR (Juslr.). Son of the last; Mint-
engraver and Medallist at Salzburg, 1755-1805 ; born In 1738, died
in 1808. He worked under the Archbishop Sigismund (Graf von
Sch ratten bach) and later. The currency {M. 10, 5, 2 and i Ducat
pieces ; M.. Thalers and subdivisions) engraved by this artist is usually
signed : F. M. ; — M ; — F. M. K. ; — P. BK ; — MK and also BK, and
comprises the reigns of Sigismund (1753-1771), Hieronymus(i772-
1803), and Ferdinand (1803-1805). By him are also medals: Sede
Vacante, 1772 ; — Prize Medal for Mint-workmen. 1766
BL. ARTIS MONETARIAE PRAEMIUM ; — Medals of 1763/6
(^. South Gate of the Sigismundthor) ; — Twelfth centenary ot
the Archbishopric of Salzburg; — Medal of 1767 on the Completion
of the Sigismundthor, and 1782 (signed on obv. : MAZENKOPF and
on ^. F. M.), sev. var. ; — Jubilee of Dominicus II. Schnizer,
Abbot of Weingarten, 1781 ; — Medals with bust of the Archbishop
: .^sv?
Sigismund HI., Count von Schrattenbach 1^ CUIQUE SUUM, 1756
and 1764; — Another; I?i.. IN MANU DOMINI SORS MEA, 1756
(this piece exists also in gold, weight : 20 Ducats) ; — Medal on the
Sede Vacante atEichstiidt, 1757; — Sigismundsthor Medals of 1757,
1767 and 1769 ; — Undated Medal ; ¥jL. SCIENTIARUM INCRE-
MENTO (also in gold, weiglit : 15 Ducats); — Sede Vacante at
Passau, 1772, &c.
In the Gustav Zeller Collection were the following productions
by Franz Matzenkopf Jun ■.Sigismund III. (1753-1771). Medal on
the Erection of new Coining-presses at the Salzburg Mint, 1776;
— Medals of 1767/69 ; obv. Bust ; ^, South Gate of the Sigis-
mundthor;— Large Medal of 1767 on the Completion of the
Sigismundthor; — Medalof 1756; ^. View ofSalzburg; — Medal,
undated, on the Salzburg University; — Double Ducat, 175 j ; —
Ducats, 1753, 1754, 1768; — \ Ducat, 1755; — Thalers, 1754,
>stsd by Google
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1755' ^757' 1758,1759,1760-1769; — Half Tbalers, 1757, 1760,
1766, 1770 &c. and subsidiary coinage. — Sede Vacante (1772).
Medals in A', iK, JE, and pewter; — Ducat; &c. — Hieronymus
(1773-1803). MeJal on liis Election, 1773 (signed -. MATZEHKOPF,
F.) ; — Medal of 1782 on tlic 12"' Centenary of tlie Arbisliopric ;
Thrill
i Archbishop Hieronymus, lySy.
■ — Ducats of 1773, 1783, &c. ; — Thalers 1772, 1774, 1779,
1780, 1783, 1783, 1785-1787, 1789 {illustrated), &c. ; — Half
Thalers, 1772, 1773, 1782, &c., and subsidiary coinage.
The productions of this engraver, like those of his father,
distinguish themselves by very good drawing and careful execution ;
they are very numerous.
BiBUOGRAPHY. — Bolzenthai, o/). cii. — Wurzbiich, Bii^raph, Lexikon des
Kaiserilmms Oesierrdch, XVII, 125. — Bergmann, MedaUlen mif btHihmte uiid
atisge^ichnete Mdnner des oesterreicMsclxn KaiserstaaUs, I, jg. — Domanig, op. cil.
— Ad. Hess Nachf., Rnnimann Sale Catalogiie, 1892. — Kalalt^ tfer Mhnxenriind
MedailUn-Stempel-Sammluw des K. K. Miinramles in Wien, 1902. — Zeller, loc.
cil. — Welhnheim Sale Catalogue, 1844. — Egger, Salihirger Mi'mien and Mtdnillm
(GmUw Zeller Saminliiiig), 13. November 1902.
MATZEKKOPF, FRANZ XAVER (Austr.). Son of the last, bom in
1767; Mint-engraver and Medallist at Salzburg, 1789-1807; died
on 7. February 1844. On the secularization of the Archbishopric in
1809, he worked in the service of Bavaria, but in 1816/17 we lind
him filling the post of Engraver at the Mint of Vienna. Amongst his
productions are : Memorial medalof General Laudon, 1790; — Medal
of Merit, with bust on obv. of the Grand Duke Ferdinand HI. of
Tuscany, i8o6(signed : F. X. M.) ; — Medal of Hieronymus, &)unt
von CoUoredo, Archbishop of Salzburg; I?i.. MISERICORDIA
SUPEREXALTAT JUDICIUM; — Military Medal of 1799;
^L. DEN KAEMPFERN FUR'S VATERLAND (signed :
F. MAZENKOPF); — Medal of Merit, with bust of Ferdinand,
,/ Google
-6is -
Archduke of Austria, Arclibisliop of Sa!:^bui-g, iSo6;15^. DEM
VERDIENSTE;— Medal of 1810, with bust of Maximilian I. Joseph
of Bavaria;B6. SECVLA NUNC REDEUNTBAVARO,
In the Zeller Collection were the following works by F. X.
Matzenkopf : MiUtary Medal of Merit, 1799 ; — A'. Ducats, 1801-
Sakbiirg Lawcntli^ilcr
1802; — JK. Conv. Thaters, 1790-1803 (last date, ext, rare, :ind
signed M); — LSwen thaler, 1790 (illustrated); — H;ilf Thalers,
1792, 1797, 1802, &c. and subsidiary coinage; — Incorporation
of Salzburg, 18 10 (signed : F.X, MATZENKOPF P.); — Mrd.ilonthe
the Loyalty oftht TyroU.ins to iht! Emptror Fra
1797-
Death ofGedeon Laudon, 1790; — Loyalty of the Tyrolians to
Francis II., 1797 (illustrated), &c.
Zeller mentions that tliis engraver followed in the footsteps of his
father and grandfather, producing many works of exceptional
>stsd by Google
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merit, from the two Portrait-medals of Field Marshal Laudon,
executed in 1790, to the medal, engraved in 1810, commemora-
ting the Acquisition of Salzburg by Bavaria.
Bibliography. — Zeller, /oc. cil. — Avnmon, op. cit. — Rolzenthal, op. cil.
— i^gS^i'. ol>. cil.
MATZENKOPF, PETER PAUL {Aiisir.). Mint-engraver and
Medallist at Salzburg, c/fira 1765 ; thenatGratz, 1771. His signature :
P. P. MAZEKKOPF F. occurs on a medal struck at Salzburg in 1765,
commemorating the second marriage of the Emperor Joseph II.
witli Josefa of Bavaria. He died on 3 1 . January 1808.
BfBLiOGRAi'H-y, — Kaidog dcr Munxfit mil MedaillenSlempelSammhing, &c.
MAUBERT, FONTAINE, HUGONIN DE (French). Mint-warden at
Lausanne, 1417.
BiiiuOGR,\PHV, — Morel- F;itio, Hhloire mmiilaire, de Laiuanne.
MAUCROIX, PERRIW DE (French). Mint-warden, Assayer, and
Engraver at Hmbrun, and Briancon, arc. 1419-1429,
HAUDER {Amir.). Die-sinker of Prague, whose name I have
noticed on a medal commemorating the friendly relations between
the Czech nation and France, 1902. It is in gold and measures
60 mill, in diameter.
MAUGAIN, JEAN (French). Mint-engraver, and later, Mint-master
at St. Pourcain, niT, 1336-1339.
MAUGENDRE-VILLERS, fiDODARD (French). Contemporary Sculp-
tor, . born at Gournay-en-Bray (Seinc-Inl'i^rieure); pupil 01
A. Dumont, By him are numerous Portrait-medallions, cast in
bronze: 1881. Louis Cognard, hostage of the Prussians in 1870
(commissioned by the town of Saint-Germain-en-Laye); — 1890.
15 Portrait- medallions in bronze, &c. ; — 1891. 26 Medals and
Medallions (among these a medal in bronze, " Instruction mater-
nelle"); — 1894. Salammbo; — Cleopatre (the two last are
Bronze reliefs or Plaques).
MAUGER, JACQUES (French). Engraver at Paris, circ. 1684.
MAUGER, JEAN {French). MedalUst of the second half of the
seventeenth century and first quarter of the eighteenth ; probably
born at Dieppe about 1648, where he is said to have had his first
training as a carver in ivory, which trade was then a flourishing one
in that town; died at Paris on the 9"' of September 1722 at the age
of seventy-four. Nothing is known of the circumstances which led
the artist to settle in Paris, circ. 1677, and later to enter the King's
lo.tedo.GoOf^lc
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service as an Engraver. B. Duvivier states, however, that he studied
under the famous Warin. In Mint documents, Mauger is variously
called Graveur des midailles, Midailliste du Rot, and o^ier midail-
Ustedu Roi. By an order of the Court, dated 27, April 1698, he was
given an apartment (the seventeenth) in the Louvre Galleries,
which on his death fell to the Duviviers, who preserved it until the
end of the eighteenth century,
Mauger married, some time previous to 1698, Elizabeth Clay, the
daughter of a Paris goldsmith, by whom he had five children.
Tlie period of the medallist's activity extends between 1677 and
1772, and his works are very numerous; they are variously signed :
I. MAVGER. r. ; — MAVGER F. ; — M., &c. His bust of Louis XIV.
occurs on many medals with reverses engraved by different artists.
Mauger was patronized by the Academy and was principallj'
engaged on the medallic series of Louis XIV. " His works are of
bold and vigorous workmanship ; many were executed after designs
drawn by Sebastian Le Clerc" {Med. III., II, p. 732).
It is as well to notice that the dates of the events represented on
Mauger's medals hardly ever correspond with those of their execu-
tion, and we find that the artist repeated between 1700 and 1703
the whole series of Louis XIV. from 1643 to 1700.
In my list of Mauger's productions, I mention first all those that
have some connection with English history : Battle of Dunkirk,
1658; — Another; ^. by Henri Roussel ; ■ — Cession of Dunkirk,
1662; — Another; ^L. by Thomas Bernard; — Alliance of France
and Holland, 1666; — The English driven from the Island of
St. Christopher, 1666 ; — Battle of Solebay, 1672; — Louis XIV.
receives James II., 1689; — Battle of Fleurus, 1690 ; — Action
off Beachy Head, 1690; — Quebec attacked, 1690; — Capitulation
ofMons, 1691 ; — Namur taken, 1692; — Battle of Steinkirk,
1692 (sev. types) ; — Sea fight off Gibraltar, 1693 ; — Battle of
Landen, 1693; — Expedition to Brest, 1694; — Dunkirk bomb-
arded, 1695; — Indian trade molested, 1695; — Successes of
Louis XIV., 1697; — Peace of Ryswick, 1697 (sev. types); —
Naval Engagement off Malaga, 1704; — Battle of Almanza, 1707;
— Toulon relieved, 1707; — Battle of Villa Viciosa, 1710; —
Gerona taken, 1711 ; ^, by Dassier; — Peace of Utrecht, 1713.
Many varieties of legends, types, &c, occur of most of these.
The Americans claim the following medals by Mauger in their
series : French Conquest of St. Christopher Island, 1666; ^Victory
at Martinique, 1674 (2 var.) ; — Recovery of Cayenne, 1676
(2 var.) ; — Victory at Tabago, 1677 ; — Quebec attacked, 1690
(i var.) ; — Carthagena recaptured, 1697 (5 var.).
Guiffrey's list of Mauger's productions comprises the following :
Birth of Louis XIV. (several types), 1638; — Death of Louis XIII.,
./Google
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1643 ; — Italy pacified throiigb llie French Troops; — Regency of
the Queen Mother, Anne of Austria; — Battle of Rocroy; —
Capture of Thionville;- — Capture of Trin and of Sturi Bridge; —
Battle of Carthagena (2 var.) ; — Taking of Graveiines, 1644 ; —
Peace ot Italy ; — The three Engagements of Freiburg ; — Capture
of thirty Towns ; — Capture of Roses, 1645 (2 var.); — Battle of
Nordlingen; — Embassy from Poland ; — Campaign of 1645; —
Restoration of the Elector of Treves; — Capture of Balaguera; —
l"hirty-four towns taken; — Capture of Dunkirk, 1646; —
Thirteen towns takens; — Capture of Courtrai, Winexbergen and
Mardik; — Capture of Piombno and Portulongo;. — Eleven towns
taken, 1647 ; — Defeat of the Duke of Bavaria, T648; — Rattle of
Lens; — Peace of Miinster, or Westphaha (sev. var.); — Ypres
captured by the French; — Tortosa taken; — Siege of Guise
raised, 1650; — Cond^ and Maubeuge taken; — Battle of Rethel;
— Successes of the French Troops in Flanders; ■ — ^King Louis XIV.
attains his majority, 1651 (2 var.); — Return of Louis XIV. to
Paris, 7652 ; — Capture of several tovifns by the French, 1653 ; —
Capture of Belfort, 1654; — ■ Coronation of Louis XIV.; —
Capture of Stenay ; — Siege of Arras raised ; — Capture of fourteen
towns; -^ Capture of Cadaques and Castillon, 1655 ; — Capture
of Landrecy, Conde and St. Ghislain (2 var.); — Establishment ot
the " Hopital general ", 1656; — Queen Christina of Sweden in
Paris; — Capture of Valencia; — Capture of Kapelle; -■- Capture
ofMontm^dy, 1657; — Mardik and Saint- Venant taken; — -Battle
of the Downs, 1658; — Convalescence of the King (Calais); —
Rapidity of the King's victories; — The Spaniards defeated at
Dunkirk; — Dunkirk captured for the second time; — French
victories en the Scheld; — Capture of Mortare; — Conferences
for Peace,- 1659 (2 var.) ; — The Citadel of Marseilles, 1660 ; —
Peace concluded between France and Spain ; — Interview between
Louis XIV. and Philip IV. ; — Marriage of Louis XIV. with Maria
Theresia of Austria (sev. var.) ; ■ — Arrival of Maria Theresia in Paris ;
— The King rules the State, i66r; — Assiduity of the Kingatthe
Councils ; ■ — Chamber of Justice ; — The King accessible to all his
Subjects; ■ — The Secret of the King's ^Councils; — The Duke ot
Lorraine renders homage to Louis XIV.; — Birth of the Dauphin (sev,
var.) ; — Creation of the Order of the Knights of Saint- Esprit (in two
sizes), 1662; ^Abolition of duelling; — Precedence; — The Famine
of 1662 ; — The Carrousels; — Acciuisition of Dunkirk (2 var,);
■— To the glory of Louis XIV., 1663; — Flourishing state of
. France; — Foundation of the " Academie des Inscriptions"; —
Marsala taken ; — Alliance with the Swiss; — The King's "Motto" ;
Erection of a Pyramid at Rome, 1664; — Engagement of Saint-
Gothard ; — Audience granted to the Pontifical Legate ; — Capture
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" 6i9 -
of Erfurt (2 v.ir.); — Trade reorganized, 1665; — Madagascar
taken; — Military manoeuvres; — Death of the Queen Dowager,
Medtl ol Louis XIV., on the Sub)ection of Holland, 1672.
Anne of Austria, 1666; — Prize Medal for attainments in the Arts;
— Royal Academy ofSciences; —The Harbour of Cette; — The
,isdo/Goog[c
— 620 —
English driven out of Sr. Cliristopher Island; — The Harbour of
Rochefort; — France supporting the Netherlands; — Clemency
ot Louis XIV. ; — Douai captured, 1667; — Oudenarde taken ; —
Sewerage (1666-7-8) ;■— The Paris Observatory ; — Junction of the
seas (2 var.) ; — Tournai and Courtral taken ; — Lille taken; —
Courtrai and Oudenarde taken ; — Rout of the Comte de Marsin ;
— Capture of Rysel ; — The New Ordinances ; — ■ Victory of the
French near Bruges ; — Campaign of 1667 ; — Capture of Besan-
^on, 1668; — Dole taken; — Peace of Aix-la Chapelle (2 var.); —
Conquest of Burgundy in ten days; — Surrender of Burgundy to
Spain ; — The Pyramid demolisned ai Rome ; — Inauguration of
Public Lighting, 1669; — ■ Paving the city of Paris; — Security
reestablished throughout the Kingdom ; — King Casimir of
Poland's visit to Paris ; — Peace of the Church ; — ■ Conquest of
Lorraine, 1670; — The Fortifications of Dunkirk, 1671 ; —
Naval Victory at Solebay, 1672; — Rout of the Dutch troops on the
Ysse! ; —Campaign of Louis XIV. in the Netherlands; — Capture
of Orsoy, Rijnberk, Burich and Wezel (2 var.); — Louis XIV.
crosses over the Rhine ; — Capture of the Dutch frontier fortresses
by the Freoch (3 var.); — Louis XIV, as Protector of the French
Academy; — fiolland subdued (iV/jirfratei/); — Capture of forty
towns in twenty-two days by the French ; — Twelve towns taken ;
— Relief of Woerden; — Granaries and Warehouses built;
— Siege of Charleroi raised; — Brandenburg repulsed, 1673
(2 var,); — - Maestricht taken (3 var.); — ■ The Quadriga, or
Second Conquest of Franche-Comte (sev, var,); — Burgundy
reconquered ; — Besan^on taken for the second time ; — Recapture
of D61e; — Engagement of Sinzheim (sev. var,); — Victory over
the Germans on the Neckar ; — ■ Battle of Senef ; — Attempt of the
Dutch on Martinique; — Siege of Oudenarde raised ; — Victories
over the Germans; — Engagement of Ladenburg; ■— Battle of
Ensheim; — The Security of France and the Dutch fleet; — Retreat
of 60,000 Germans over the Rhine, 1675 ; — Defeat of the Spaniards
in the straits of Messina; — Capture of Dinant and Huy; —
Capture of Limburg; — Victories of the French near Altenhetm
(2 var.); — Capture of eighty towns in Catalonia; — Siege of
Hagenau raised; — The Collar of the Order of St. Esprit given to
the King of Poland ; — Foundation of the " Invalides ", 1676 ; —
Capture of Conde ; — Bouchain taken ; — ■ Aire taken ; — Siege of
Maestricht raised ; — ■ Capture of the fort of Cayenne ; — Defeat of
the Dutch Fleetunder Admiral de Ruyter in Sicilian waters by the
French ; — Naval Battle of Agesta ; — Victory of the French fleet
near Palermo ; — Cambrai taken, 1677 ; — Saint-Omer taken ; —
Siege of Charleroi raised; — Freiburg taken; — Tabago taken; —
Saint- Ghi slain taken; — Burning of the Dutch fleet at Tabago; —
>sted by Google
— 621 —
Capture of Valenciennes; — Victories of the French at Kassel in
Flanders; — Peace of Nymwegen, 1678; — Ghent talien ; —
Capture of the citadel of Ghent; — Ypres taken; -— Puycerda
talten; — Engagement of St.-Denis; — Campaign ot Louis XIV.
near Ghent; — Capture ofLewe by night; — French troops cross
the Pyrenees; — -Victories of the French over the Germans;
— Battle of St.-Denis; — Marriage of Marie-Louise of Austria
with Charles IL of Spain, 1679; —Peace between France and
Denmark; — Conquest often towns in Alsace, 1680; — Marriage
of the Dauphin (sev. var.); — The Port of Toulon ; — Enlistment
of Sailors ; — The Palace of Versailles ; — Construction of
Huningen ; — Strassburg taken, 1681 ; — Reduction of Strassburg
and Casale ; — The Citadel of Casale surrenders to Louis XIV. ; —
Defeat of the Privateers of Chio ; — The Port of Brest ; — Institu-
tion of Cadet Corps, 1682; — The King ^condemns himself; —
Birth oS the Duke of Burgundy, father of Louis XV.; — Fortification
of Strassburg, 1683 ; — Redemption of the Captives ; — The King's
Apartments; ■ — Death of Q_ueen Maria-Theresia ; — Courtrai and
Dixmunden captured ; — The Coast-guards ; — Birth of the Duke
of Anjou (Philip V. of Spain); — Construction of Sarrelouis; —
Luxemburg taken by the French, 1684; - — Twenty years' Truce
concluded between France, Spain and Holland; — Bombardment
of Genoa ; —- Peace concluded with Algeria ; — Surrender of three
millions to the Spaniards; — Louis XIV. grants an audience to the
Doge of Genoa, 1685 ; — Extinction of Heresy, or Revocation of
the Edict of Nantes (sev. var.) ; — The destroyed Churches; —
The Pont Royal ; — Building of three hundred Churches ; —
Discovery of the satellites of Saturn; — Birth of the Dukeof Berry ;
— Audience granted to the Siamese ambassadors ; — F^tes given at
the Paris Hotel de Ville, 1687; — Recovery of Louis XIV. (2 var.) ;
tiostsdo/Goof^lc
— 623 —
— The daughters of Saint-Cyr; — Philipsburg captured by the
French, 1688; — Building of Galleys at Marseilles; — The King's
commisiioners setic to the provinces; — Twenty towns captured on
the Rhine by tlie Dauphin; — James TI. received by Louis XIV.,
1689; — Capture of Camperdown ; — Battle of Fleorus, 1690 ; —
Destruction of the united EngHsh and Dutch fleets on the English
coast; — Battle of Staftard (sev. var.); — Naval Victory of the
French; — Medal on the Three Victories; — The Galleries of
the " HJLvre-de-Grace " ; — Conquest of Savoy; — Relief of
Quebec; — Mons taken, 1691; — Nice taken; — Capture of Mons
and Nice on the same day; — Battle of Leuze; — ^ Capture of Mont-
m^lian; — Namur taken, 1691; — Engagement of Steinkirk
(2 var.); — 150 towns fortified; — Engagement of Pforzheim; —
Rewards given to naval Officers, 1693 ; — Institution of the Order
of Saint-Louis; — Second Capture of Roses; — Battle of La
Tht Duke of Aiijou proclaimed King uf Spain, 1700.
Marsaille; — Capture of Charl:?roi; — Veurnc (Furnes), and
Dixmunden captured by the French; —Defeat of the Fleet oil
Smyrna; — Battle of Nerwinden ; — The flourishing Navy; —
Defeat of the united English and Dutch Fleets off the coast of
Brittany, 1694; — Capture of Gerona; — Palamos taken; — The
March of Pont-de-Pierre; — French Victories in Spaio; ^France
provided with corn by the King's care; — Campaign of the
Dauphin on the Scheld; ~ Seizures made by French Shipowners
1695; — The Enemy repulsed at Dunkirk; — Dixmunden and
Deinsetaken; —Capture of ships. on the Texel, 1696; — The
Campaign of 1696; — Peace concluded with Savoy; — Ath taken,
1697 ; — Barcelona taken ; — Carthagena (in America) taken ; —
France resists Europe ; — Capture of three hundred and fifty towns ;
— Peace of Ryswick (sev. var.); — Marriage of the Duke of
Burgundy ; —Jeton of Louis Jo.seph, Due de Vcndome, 1698 (signed :
,/Goo(^[c
■ - as -
I. M.) ; — Prosperity of the French arms during a ten years' War;
— Atli, Barcelona and Carthagena conquered in the same year ; —
The Camp of Compiegne, 1698; — Equestrian statue of the King
erected; — The Duke of Anjou accepts his candidature for the
Spanish succession; — Peace between France and Spain; — ■ Jetoiis
of the Artillery and Galleys; — Homage of the Duke of Lorraine,
1699; — Foundation of Neu-Brisach; — Jetons of the " Extraor-
dinaire " and " Chambre aux Deniers" ; — The Duke ot Anjou
proclaimed King of Spain under the name of Philip V., 1700
(illustrated); — Philip V. enters Madrid (sev. var.); — Concord
between the two -Kingdoms of Spain and France; — Cremona
held by the French ; — Victories ot the French and Spaniards at
Luzara; — The Sumptuary Laws; — Victory of the French at
Friedlingen.; — Law against Idlers; — Chamber of Commerce of
Paris ; — Jeton for the Provost of the Merchants of Paris, 1702;
— Birch of Prince Louis, son of Leopold and Elizabeth Charlotte oi
Lorraine, 1704; — Versailles Castle, 1707; — Plan of Strassburg;
— The King's motto; — Mansart, French architect; — Bust of
Louis XIV.
GuifFrey gives lists ot the dies and puncheons Mauger had to
alter at various times, as late as 1707 and even after that date ; also
of dies by him not approved of by the Academy. In all over four
hundred puncheons are known of this engraver, which however do
not represent the whole of his work, as neither his earliest medallic
productions nor the latest have been placed on record.
Until 1698, the medals of the Louis XIV series were struck in
sizes of 30, 32 and 36 " lignes " ; about that time. Abbe Bignon
induced Mauger to engrave 200 medals, at 150 livres each, of the
size of 18 lignes, which were executed between 1699 and 1703.
Bolzenthal remarks that Mauger took the chief part in a series ot
small medals, principally from Pontchartrain's designs, and from
drawings of Coypel's medals, of which in less than seven years
he had engraved in steel two hundred and sixty pieces, with the
King's bust on all of them, the monarch's likeness, however, being
rather poor. In 1702 the artist claimed 1400 livres for seven
puncheons, one with the head of Louis XIIL and the other six with
that of Louis XIV. at the respective ages of 5, 11, 22, 27, 34 and
42 years, which were to accompany the reverses of the series of
18 lignes (36 mill.) medals.
The artist was paid 30,000 livres for work done between 1697
and 1701, but in 1703 he claimed another 38600 livres, and his
claim was supported by Abbe Bignon.
Mauger never belonged to the Royal Academy of Painting and
Sculpture, although he appears to have held a distinguished rank
among his rivals, Bernard, Cheron, and others.
,stsd by Google
— 624 —
Bibliography. — J. J. GuifFrey, Jean Maiiger, Revue numismatiquc, 1889,
pp. 27J-J09. — Jal, Dictiounaire, &c. — Bokeathal, op. cit. — Hawkins, Franks
& Grueber, Medallk Illustrations, &c. — H. A. Gruel>er, Guide to tlx Exhibition
of English Medals at ihe BriHsh Mtismoi, 1891. — Ammon, op. cit. — C. Wyllys
Belts, American Colonial History illustrated by contemporary Medals, New York,
1894.— N. Rondot, £« M^daSUurs et les Graueurs de monnaies, jelons et nMailks
en Fra^e, 1904. — Catalogus der Nederlandschem op Nederland betrekkitig hebhende
Gedtnkpenningen, 19OJ. — Van Loon, op, cit., Midailhs de Louis le Grand. —
Blanchet, Notiveau Manuel de Numismatique, II, MidailUs Jrau(aises, pp. 388 and
397. — Hildebrand, 0^. cit. — Cochran-Patrick, Medals of Scotlanj. — Lepage,
op. cit. — Catalogue des poingons, coins et viedailles du niuse'e monetaire de Paris. — -
Catalogue Monnier. ■ — A, de Foville, Les Mddaitks de raiicimiie collection royale,
Paris, 1900.
MAUL, FRIEDRICH (Germ.). Mint-master at Dusseldorf, 1736-
173S. Ammon stiites that his initials M. F. occur on Ducal currency
of Julich, 1738.
MAULBRONNER, HARTMANN (Germ.). Mint-master at Augsburg,
1603.
MAURA T MOHTANSR, BARTOLOMfi (Span.). Contemporary
Medallist and Line-engraver, born at Palma de Mallorca, aVf . 1850.
He went to Madrid in 1858 in order to continue his studies, and
there became a pupil of D. Frederico de Madrazo at the Escuela
Especial de Pintura, Escultura y Grabado. For five consecutive years
he was engaged at the Prado Museum reproducing in copper-plate
the most famous works of Spanish Masters, direct from the
originals. Since 1869, he has executed a large number of engravings,
and especially portraits of ancient as well as contemporary
personages.
The artist obtained Awards at the Spanish National Competition,
1871; Universal Exhibition of Philadelphia, !876;Medal of Honour
at the Universal Exhibition of Vienna, 1873 ; Gold Medal, General
Exhibition of Fine Arts, Madrid, 1901.
From time to time Maura has also engraved medals, amongst
which the best known are : Fourth Centenarj' of the Discovery ot
America, 1893; — Prize Medal of the National Spanish Exhibition
Fine Art Section ; — Medal of tlie Exhibition of National Industries,
Madrid, 1897-1898; — Visit to the Mint of the Queen Regent
Maria Cristina, 1 894 ; — Medal on the Majority of King Alfonso XIII..
1902; — Commemorative medal of Queen Maria Cristina'
Regency, 1903 ; — Medal on the Catalonian Journey of Alfonso XIII.
1904; — Visit to the Mint of King Alfonso XIII., February 1904
— Prize Medal of the " Anales del Ejercito y de la Armada ',
with bust of Mars; — Medal on the third Centenary of the publi-
cation of Don Quixote; — Coronation of Allonso XIII., 1902.
Since 1887, Maura has been Engraver to the Bank of Spain, and
lo.tedo/GoogIc
— 62) —
in 1893 be was appointed Chief-engraver and Artistic Director at
tlie Royal Mint of Madrid.
The coins issued at the Madrid Mint, since 1893, bear tlie artist's
initials : B. M. and consist of : 1893-1903 : Third Coinage of
Alfonso XTII. N. looand 20 Pesetas; JR.. 5, 2 and i Pesetas, and
; Pesetas of Alfonso XIII., 1896.
50 Centimos. 1904. Fourth Coinage. The Kinginunitorm. Similar
denominations.
Maura is in possession of the Cross of Carlos III., Hncomienda
de Isabel la Catolica, Civil Order of Alfonso XIII. and various other
distinctions.
Bibliography. — Information Iiiiii/ly supplied by tlje lulisl Ihrough ihe courtesy oj
Seiior Don Adrian Roino, of Madrid.
MAURER {Germ.^. Die-sinker and Engraver, born at Dresden, and
nephew of John Croker, Chief-engraver at the London Mint,
1 705 -1 74 1. At the call of Croker, Maurer came to London towards
1740, to assist his uncle in his work at the mint, but nothing
further is known of him, nor can it be ascertained how long he
stayed in England. It is surmised that as Croker died without male
issue Maurer had been appointed his heir.
BiBLioGR.^PHY. — Ammon, 0/1. CfV. — Lochnev, Medaiikn Saminhiiig, p. viir,
MAURETTE, HENRY MARIE (French). Contemporary Sculptor,
born at Toulouse ; pupil of Duret. He is the author of a number of
Portrait-medallions cast in bronze, one of which was exhibited ar
the Salon in 1864.
Bibliography. — Chavigoerie et Auvray, op. cit.
MAURICE (French). Two Gem-engravers of that name, father and
son, flourished under Louis XIII., during the first half of the seven-
teenth century. The father, who was a native of the Netherlands,
first settled at Rouen, then at Paris; the son practised the art of
gem-engraving at Rouen, but died at The Hague in 1732, at the
./Google
— 626 —
age of eighty. As none of the works of these artists are signed, it is
impossible to ascertain which of the gems of that period, some ot
which are of undoubted merit, may be ascribed to either of tliem.
Bibliography. ^- King, op. cit. — ■ Babdon, Histotre de la Gravure sur Geiiiiiies
en France, 1902.
MAURICE (B^/^.). Gem-engraver, bom in the Netherlands, who
settled at Rouen under Louis XIII. His son died in 1732, at the
age of eighty, and is said to have executed a large number of fine
works. The latter, who spent most of his life in Paris, left France
during the religious troubles, and ended his days at the Hague.
Bibliography. ^Mariette, Traiti des 'Pierres gravees, Paris, 1750.
MAURISSET, JEAN THflODORE (French). Medallist, born at Paris in
1768, died there on the 4''' of September 1825. By him are several
medals : Medal of the Tribunal de premiere instance, signed on
obv. MAURISSET ;— Tribunal d'Appel, rSoo ; — Pope Pius VII. 's
visit to Paris, 1805;^ Tribunal de premiere instance, 1805, &c.
BiBUOGRAPiiY. — Bondot, op. cit. — Edwards, op. cit. — Bokendial, ap. cit.
— Bramsen, MUaUlisr Napoleon le Grand, Copenhagen, 1904.
MAURISY, ANTOINE (French). Mint-master at Sisteron, 1591.
BiBLioGUAPHy. — Vailemin, L' AleUer lemporaire de Siikron, 1 591-1 S93.
MAOS, CHARLES (fVCTii:/)). Contemporary Gem-engraver ; pupil
ofBissinger. At the Salon of 1887 he exhibited Portrait-cameos of
Marie-Louise, and in 1892, one of the Emperor Caracalla, all cut in
sardonyx.
MAUVALLET, GILLES (French). Mint-master at Paris, circ. 1569-
1571.
MAVELOT or MAVELOTE, C (French). Engraver, whose name is
mentioned in the Mercure Galant, February, 1684, p. 369, and in
the Journal historiquc de la Monnoye des medailles, 1718,11, p. 49. His
signature : C. MAVELOT F. occurs on a Jeton of the "Coramunaut^
de I'Art de Graveure"; also on two others : Octagonal Jeton of
the Ducde Coigny, 171 5; —Jeton with the cross of Lorraine and
crowned L's interlinked, 1708.
Bibliography. — Rotidot & Dc La Tour, op. cU. — Lepage, op. cit.
MAWATORI, H. L. (Japan.). Mint-master at Osaka, January to
September 1871.
MAXALDS. Spurious engraver's signature, on a cameo with
laureated head of Antoninus Pius, formerly in the Gori collection.
MAXEN (Dan.). Mint-engraver at Altona, circ. 1788-1799, under
Christian VII. of Denmark, of whom he is said to have also execut-
ed medals. Some of the currency engraved by him is signed with
./Google
MAXIAS, H£LI£ (French). Mint-engraver at Poiders, appointed on
25. July 1631, bill resigned in August or September 1640.
Bibliography. — Rondot, op, cil, — Barre, !oc. cit.
MAXIO. JEAN D£. Vide l&&S,ia .
MAXWELL, COL. J. H. (Brit.). Officiating Mint-master at Bombay,
under Col. J. A. Ballard, who held the post from 1862 to 1875.
MAT, CLAUDE DE. ^zW^ CLAUDE LEMAY (Vol. Ill, p. 390). Mint-
engraver at Paris (1511-1552). He engraved coin-dies for the Mints
of Angers, Poitiers, Rennes, Rouen, Tours, and Troyes. In February
155 1 (1552I JeanBeaucousin, his son-in-law, was appointed to take
his place, on account of his failing sight ( " atendu limb^ciUite de
veue dudit Le May "),
BiBLiOGUAPHY. — Rondot & De La Tour, op. cit.
MAY, FRANCOIS DE. Fiif^ FRANgOlS LE MAY (Vol. Ill, p. 391).
Engraver of jetons, dated 1528, and 1532-34, some of which were
executed for Louise de Savoie, Duchess of Bourbon.
MAY, GUILLAUMEDE (French). Engraver, who on i. April 1492
(1493) was prohibited to engrave Jetons without the sanction of the
Court (" non doresenavant faire aucunes pilles on trousseaulx ;\
marquer et faire des gectons sans le congid de la cour ").
MAY, GDILLADME DE. Vide GDILLAUME LEMAY III (Vol. Ill,
p. 392). Mint-engraver ac Paris, 15 r2- 15 23, appointed on 8. August
1512 in the place of Nicolas de Russange, Between 1492 and 15 17
he engraved numerous Jetons and Mer^aux.
Bibliography. — Rondot & De La Tour, op. cil.
MAY, JOHANN PHILIPP (Germ.). Mint-master at Zweibrticken,
1612-1621.
MAY, MICHAEL AND COMPANY (Germ.). Mint-contractors ac
Heidelberg, 1734-35.
MAY, WILHELM (Germ.). Die-sinker and Medallist, residing at
Frankfort-on-Main . I have noticed his signature : WILH. MAY
FRANKFURT A. M. on prize-medals of the 5"' German General
Gymnastic Fete at Frankfort, 1880 (2 var.) and other badges,
decorations, and provincial medals of little interest.
MAYER, ALEXANDER (Aitstr.). Mint-engraver at Kremnitz, circ.
1859-1868. He was born at Modliog near Vienna, 4. July 1840,
and was a pupil of the Academy of Fine Arts of Vienna.
MAYER, ALEXIUS (Auslr.). Assistant-engraver at the Mint of
Kremnitz, 1868-1879, and Chief-engraver since 1879; was still in
./Google
office in i8g6. The Hungarian one Kreiizer pieces of r868 were
engraved by iiim, in conjunction with A. ScharfF.
MAYER, B. H. {Germ.). Die-sinking Establishment at Pforzheim,
and one of the leading works in Germany for the striking of medals,
coins, decorative works, art brooches and pendants, &c. The firm
obtained a silver medal for their exhibit at the Paris Universal
Exhibition, 1900, and in 1902 B. H. Mayer received from the Grand
Duke of Baden the Order of the Lion of Zaeringen.
The firm's prospectus states : " Der ganze Betrieb ist elektrisch
eingerichtet und sind die neuesteii Erlindnngen anf dem Gebiete
B. H. Mayer
der Technik zur Verwendung gekommen. In der Anstalt sind
aufgestellt : elektrisch betriebene Pragmascliinen System Uhlhorn,
mit den neuesten Verbesserungen, von hochster Leistungsfahiglieit,
ferner funf elektrisch betriebene Schwungradpressen von 150.000,
JO. 000, 45.000, 15.000 und 4.000 Kilo Druck, sowie eine grosse
Anzahl Kugelpressen, ausserdem elektrisch betriebene Excenterpres-
sen neuester Konstruktion, Ferner ein elektrisch betriebenes
Walzwerk mil dem patentierten Grossmann'schen Antrieb mit
Dickblech-, Diinnblecii- und Drahtwalze, sowie einer damit in
Verbindung stehenden Circiilarschecre, ausserdem Dick- und
./Google
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Diinnblechschecren, sowie eiiie Reihe von elektrisch betriebenen
Hilfsmaschinen, als Drehbanke, Hobel-, Sag-und Bohrmaschinen,
sowie ein neu konstrtiterrer Gasgliihofen,
"Feriier eigene, bestens eingenchtete Gravieranstalr mit drei
elektrisch betriebenen Relief- Graviermascbinen, sowie Vergoldungs-
und Versilberungsanstalc mit elektriscii betriebenen Burst- und
Poliermaschinen setzen mich in Stand, meine verehrlen Abnehmer
stets prompt und zur Zufrieden lieit bedienen zu konnen.
" Eigene Emaillierwerkstatte ermoglicht eine vorzugliche Aus-
,stsd by Google
- 6,0-
fuhrung aller email lierter Arbeiten bei prompter und billigster
Bedienung ".
Most of the medallic productions of this firm were modelled by
Professer Rudolf Mayer of Karlsruhe, under the name of which
artist a number will be found enumerated. They are conspicuous by
their exquisite execution and finish. Amongst the Dest are :
Portrait-plaquette of Martin Luther (^illustrated); — Portrait-
plaqtiettes and Medals (6) ot Prince Bismarck; — Portrait-plaquette
of Grand Duke Frederick of Baden; — Portrait-plaquette of Philip
Melanchihon ; —Portrait-medals of Q_ueen Louise of Prussia; —
Queen Wilhelmlna of Holland; — Wagner; — Liszt; — Beetho-
ven; ~ Gutenberg; — Europa ; — Germania; — Pkquette,
representing an Angel holding a child in her arm ; - — Orpheus ; —
Marriage Medal ; — Christening Medal (struck in various sizes);
— Virgin and Child; — St. Cecilia; — ■ St. George; — ■
St. Hubert; — Hagen ; — Isolde; — Tristan; — Elizabeth;
— Trika ; — ScegHnde ; — Walter Stotdng ; — Eichen ; — Ortrud ;
— Lurlei; — TannhSuser; — Parsifal; — -Head of young boy; —
Head of young girl; — Siegfried; — Wotan; — Walktire; —
Gutrund ; — Lohengrin ; — Alberich ; — St. Elizabeth ; — Foot-
ball prize-medal; — Tennis prize-medal, Sec.
This firm's medallic Brooches, Pendants, Ornaments, &c. are all of
superior design and modelling, and amongst the best products of the
kind manufactured of late years not onlj' in Germany, but even in
France and Italj', which latter countries have hitherto had the
monopoly in this branch of art.
MAYEB, CONRAD (Jtislr.). Mint-inspector for Moravia, 1701.
MAYER, ISAAK (Boi^m.). Mint-contractor at Breslau, 1546-1549.
He was a native of Prague, and is described a " Prager Jude " in
official documents.
BiBLiOGHAPHY. — Friedensburg, op. pil.
MAYER, l£ON (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at Pans ;
pupil of Joseph Cn6ret. At the Salon of 1883 he exhibited a Portrait-
medallion in bronze of M. Paul Foucher.
MAYER, RUDOLPH (Aiistr.). "The revival of the Medal is arousing
at the present time more interest in Germany than has hitherto
been shown in this branch of art, one of whose chief exponents is
Professor Rudolph Mayer, of Karlsruhe. The artist is a native of
Austria, and his technical Itnowledge of metal-work was gained in
the Arc-Handicraft School (" Kunstgewerbeschule ") in Vienna. He
won his first laurels at the Vienna Exhibition of 1873, and as a
result was invited to Stuttgart as teacher of raedalling in the School
of Art -Handicraft there. After twelve years' teaching he went in a
,/ Google
- (531 -
similar capacity througli the Leh re [■-collegium of the Kunstgewer-
beschule at Karlsruhe, where he has now been engaged for the past
sixteen years. Apart from his teaching, he has undertaken many
private commissions, particularly for embossed gold and silver
vessels. For some years past, however, Jie has continued to indulge
his old fancy for the medal and the plaquette, which was stimula-
ted by a first prize which was awarded to him. The few medals and
plaquettes reproduced here give ample proof of his ability. In addition
to figures and heads are ornamental works, which, as decorative
Portniit-plaqiiette of Prof, Rud. Mayer, by himself.
objects, became popular when issued from the minting establish-
ment of B. H. Mayer of Pforzheim.
Professor R. Mayer takes the best modern Frenchmen as his
models, without directly imitating them, however. He strives to
present his motive in all simplicity, with broad effects, but without
disregarding detail. Therein one recognizes the accomplished
m^teo', and realises how out of the craftsman has sprung the artist. "
(Studio, XXXI, pp. 81-83).
,stsd by Google
- 6,2 -
Among the artist's best productions Lire : A Child's head {ilhis-
irated); — Schopenhauer; — Liszt (illustrated) ; — Melanchthon
(after Hagenatier's medal); — Goethe; ■ — Richard Wagner
ijf Act- Handicraft a
Ri, Walkiiren ; — Wilh. Lorenz (illustrated') ; — Frederick, Grand
Duke of Baden (ptaquette); — P. Stolz (plaquette); — The
Freedom of Science (phiquette, Uluslraled); — ■ Medal of the School
./Google
■ «3!
The Freedom of Science.
, Google
- sm -
ot Art Handicraft of Karlsruhe (illustrated^; — Marriage of Queen
Wilhelmina of Holland with Prince Henry of Mecklenburg, 1901
(illustrated'); — 70"' Anniversary of the Grand Duke of Baden,
Medal of Wilh. Lorenz.
1896; ~ Pbquctte with busts of Bunsen and Pettenkofcr; —
Portrait-plaquette of the Artist himself (j7/j(j;riiW); — Medal of
the Paris Universal Exhibition of 1900; — Commemorative
>sted by Google
- 6,5 -
Plaqueite of Wenzel jamnirzer ; — Sanaa Elisabeth ; — Tlie Ober-
bniniien Spring at Bad Sal^brunn, plaquette; — Dr. Emil Fieser,
,■,..'11.'. >'
Elaquettc; -
a Renomrr
Marriage ot Ciueen Wilhelmina and Pi
Jismarck, commemorative plaquette, 1813-1898 ; —
, plaquette; — Baby (illustrated); — International
./Google
~ 6^6 -
Colonial Exhibition at Amsterdam, 1885; -- 10''' Anniversary of
the reign of Emperor WilHam II., 1898; — Death of Prince
Bismarck, 1898 (plaquette); — 70''' Birthday ofKing Albert of
Saxony, 1898; — Martin Luther, commemorative plaquette {Vide
reproduction under B. H. Mayer); — Queen Louise of Prussia; —
Beethoven; —Louise, Grand Duchess of Baden, 1898; — Corona-
tion of Queen Wilhelmina, 1898;^ — John Gutenberg, 5"" centenary
commemoration fetes; —Philip Melanchthon; ^. Melancluhon's
House at Brctten ; — Philip Melanchthon, plaquetre; —Inauguration
ofthe Port of Dortmund, 1899; — Inauguration of the Evangelical
Town Church of Pforzheim, 1899; — Plaquette; Angel holding
child in her arm; — Bakery Exhibition at Piorzheim, 1900;
— Europa; — Germania; — Marriage commemoration; —
Baby (Portrait of a Child),
— Orpheus; — Christening Medal; — Head of Clirist ; —
St. George Medal; — Hunting Medal; — Head of a young girl; —
Helmeted head of Minerva ; — Virgin and Child ; — St. Cecilia ; —
Various medals, badges, pendants, &c. with heads representing
heroes from Wagner's operas : Lorelei; — Parsifal; — Tannhauser;
— Hagen ; — Isolde; --■ Tristan; -- Elizabeth; — Trika; — -
Seglinde; — - Walter Stotting ; — Eichen; — Ortnid; — Siegfrid;
— Wotan ; — Walkure ; — Guirund ; — Lohengrin ; — Alberich ;
■ — Schiller Festivities of 1905 (said to be the best Schiller medal
issued) ; — Franz Schubert ; — Golden Wedding of Frederick and
Louise of Baden, 1906; ^ Rembrandt, 1906 (illustrated); —
78'*' Congress of German Naturalists and Physicians; — Millenary
,;.Goo'^lc
- 637-
of Weilburg a. d. Lahn ; — Alberich Plaquette ; — Lohengrin and
Else; — European Peace; — Silver Wedding Medal; ■ — Golden
Wedding of Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of Baden, 1906 ; —
and many pri;;e medals, plaquettes, decorative subjects suitable for
badges, ornaments, pendants, brooches, &c. struck at the die-
sinking establishment of B. H. Mayer of Pforzheim.
,stsd by Google
— 63B —
Some of the latest productions of tlie ^iriist ure reproduced in The
Studio, November 1905,
Commenting on Prof. Mayer's worlc, a writC'r in ModerneMedaiile,
1900, p. 37 refers to the Artist's Porirait-plaquette of himself in the
following terms : "Die Unmittelbarkeit, Lebenswahrheit, mit der
diese Medaille uns die ganze Personlichkeit des Meisters versinnlicht,
spricht sowohl fur das ausgezeichnere Talent des Kiinstlers, wie fur
ale Hohe der Kimst, auf welcher er steht. Ihr Anblick zeitigt in uns
den Wunsch, es mochte auch anderen Melstern des Stichelsgefallen,
der kunstliebenden Mitwelt ihr kunstlerisches Autograph in Gestalt
von Selbstportraits /.u ilbergeben, es wiirde hiedurch der Kunstrich-
tung unserer Zeit eine Reihe von Denkmalen gesetzt werden, in
■vvelclien diese weit richtigeren Ausdruck fiinde, wie in so manchem
unter dem Hochdruck der Mode entstandeneu und mit demganzen
Riistzeug der modernen Anschauungen geschaffenen Werke '.
Two Mark piece of Baden, 1902.
Prol. Mayer prepared the models from which the 1902 coinage
of Grand Duke Frederick of Baden was struck, consisting of 50,000
Five Mark pieces and 375,000 Two Marks (illustrated'). These coins
are amongst the best now struck.
BiBLioGRAFHY. — Die Moikme Medaille, 1900. — Tlie Studio, XXII, 222;
XXX!, 106-108. — D^ J. H. de Donipierre de Chaufepii, op. at. — R. Mars,
Les MAIailhurs modtnies en France etitt'Etrangir, 1900.— Blatter fiir Miinifreimde,
1902-;. ^ Zdtschrift fiir bildeitde Kunsi, I, ij.
MAYER. J. (Brit.). Designer of the medal, struck by Allen and
Moore, on the Foundation of St. George's Hall at Liverpool, 1854.
His signature occurs on the medal.
MAYER, WILHELM & FRANTZ WILHELM or TEE STUTTGARTER
METALLWAREN FABRIK (Germ.). A Die-sinking Establishment
founded in i860 by Wilhelm Mayer, Sculptor and Engraver, and
directed, since 1876, by him and his brother-in-law, Frantz
Wilhelm.
The name of the old firm, WILHELM MAYER METALLWAREN
FABRIK, waschanged into its present form in 1896.
./Google
— ^39 —
Wilheiiu Mayer was born at Lauffen-on-the-Neckar in 1840 and
studied at the Stuttgart School of Art sculpture and engraving.
Frantz Wiihelm was born at Hanau-on-Main in 1846, and is an
Engraver by trade.
The firm was awarded a Gold Medal for an exhibit of Medals
and Plaquettes at the Dresden " Kunstgewerbe-Ausstellung ", 1906.
Amongst the best Icnown productions of Mayer and Wiihelm
one may mention the following : Portrait-medals. Conr, Bansa,
25 Sept. 1867-92 ; — Detective Inspector R. J. Child, of the City
of London Police ; — Lui Theodor Stepbanesen ; — G. Biacoianu ;
— Prof. Virchow (2 var.); — D' William Frederick Ludwig, of
Tubingen, r8ii ; — Johannes Gutenberg, 1903 ; — - Ancoine Lau-
rent Lavoisier (1843-1894); — Augustus, Baron von der Heydt,
Prussian Finance Minister ; — Emmanuel Kant, centenary medal;
— Joh. GeorgAdler; — Gutenberg, 5"" centenary; — Prof. D'
Robert Koch; — -Friedrich von Schiller (sev. var.); — Justus von
Liebig; — ■ Schiller and Goethe; — Leo XIII., Memorial; —
Pius X., Accession (sev. var. and sizes); — Martin Luther (scv. var.
1883, 1889, 1898, &c.); — Ernst MoritzArndt; — HenryLysius
and Georg Ellendt, of Koenigsbcrg; — D' Francisco Muriinho,
185S; — FridtjofNansen; ^. The "Fram"; — Wolfgang Amad.
Mozart ; — Richard Wagner ; — Ludwi" van Beethoven (sev. var.) ;
— Franz Liszt ; ■ — D'' jur. Carl Friedrich Rietsch ; — Friedrich
Alfred Krupp, f 1902 ; — Major Wissmann, D"' Emin Pascha and
D' C.Peters; — Philipp Melanchtlion, 4''' centenary; — The Schiller
Monument; — Monument of Franz Abt; — Ludwig Uhland,
centenary; — President Kriiger ; -— Sebastian Kneipp; — Major
General Hector Macdonald, Memorial ; — Labor! and Dreyfus ; —
Esterhazy and Paty de Clam; ^L. Zola, Labori, and Dreyfus; —
Carl Theodor K6rner ; — Lord Roberts ; — President Kriiger ;
IJi,. President Stein, Plaquettes : Schiller; — Goethe ; — Virchow;
— J. E. Bennert; — Rich, Schmidt-Kabanis; — Mommsen; —
Beethoven, Brahms, Joachim ; — Mozart, Schubert ; — Liszt; —
Wagner; — • Bismarck; — Moltke ; — Luther; — Pius X. ; ■ —
Emperors WiUiam I. ; — William II. ; — Frederick ; — The Great
Elector ; — Bismarck Medals and Plaquettes (30 varieties of reverses,
and several var. of heads; dares 1888, 1894, 1898, &c.); — Medals
of Wurtemberg Rulers : WiUiam I. ;— William II. (comiuemorating
various events, Exhibitions at Stuttgart, Inaugurations of monu-
ments, &c.) ; — Queen Charlotte ; — Charles and Q_ueen Olga ; —
— Queen Olga (■[• 30, October 1892), &c. ; — Medals of Foreign
Princes : Grand Duke Frederick of Baden, 1896 (sev. var.); —
Queen Victoria of England (International Exhibition in London,
1893 and 1897); —King Charles and Queen of Roumania; —
Milenial Commemoration Fetes of Budapest ; — Jubilee of the Emperor
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— 640 -
Francis Joseph of Austri^i, 1898 ; — Emperor Charles IV. ; I^. View
of Carlsbad, 1901 (obv. illustrated); — King Albert of Saxony
50 years' Soldiers' Jubilee, 1893; — Another, 25"' Anniversary of
Reign, 1S98 ;~King Albert and Duke Geurge, of Saxony, 4"' Cen-
renary of Annaberg, 1896 ; — 25''' Anniversary of the Kingdom
of Italy with busts of Victor Emmanuel II. and Umberto I., 1895 ;
— William in.. King of the Netherlands, Exhibition at Amsterdam
1883; — Prince Henry of Prussia, Exhibition at Konigsberg, 1895
— Leopold II., King of the Belgians, Exhibitionat Antwerp, 1885
— Duke Alfred of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha; ^L. " Preis Erfurt ' , 1897,
— Augustus, Baron von der Heydt, 1898; — Memorial Medal of
King Albert of Saxony, 1902; — Queen Wilhelmina and Prince
Charles IV., Founder of Carlsbad,
Henry, Colonial Exhibition ; — King Umberto of Italy ; l^i.. Peace,
29 July 1900; — ■ Prince Alexander of Bulgaria, Exhibition at
Philippopel, 1892 (sev. var.); — Duke Ernest of Saxe-Coburg-
Gotha, Industrial Exhibition at Gotha, 1893; — Charles Augustus,
Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar Eisenach, 1844-1894; —
The Belgian Jubilee, 1830-1880, with busts of Leopold I. and II. ;
— Prince Henry XXVII. of Reuss ; — Nicholas II. and Alexandra,
I3L. Resurrection of Christ; — Napoleon III., Emperor of the
French; — Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse, Agricultural Show
at Darmstadt, 1900 ; ~ Edward VII. and Alexandra, Coronation in
London, 1902; — Philip, Count zu Ysenburg, Offenbach, 1899;
— Khan Bahadur Rastomji Thancnala ^L. Ralambai Khurshedji
>sted by Google
~ 641 -
Klian, 1842-1892 ; — Grand Duke of Luxemburg, 1891; — King
George of Hanover ; ^L Duke Ernest Augustus of Cumberland ; —
Prince Albert Victor of Great Britain, 1889-1890; ~ Duke Fred-
erick of Anlialt, 1896; — Grand Duke Frederick of Baden, Military
manoeuvres of 1901; ■ — Anotlier, Jubilee Medal, 1832-1902 ; —
Inauguration of tlie Emperor Joseph II., Statue at Winterberg, 1901 ;
^Queen Wilhelmina of Holland, 1898 (sev. var.); — Death of
King Albert of Saxony, ■(■ 19. June 1902; — Grand Ducliess
txjuise of Baden ; — Tiie Saxon Royal Pair, S"* Centenary of the
House of Wetten, 1889; — Accession of King Victor Emmanuel III,
of Italy, 39 July 1900 ; — Marriage ot (iiiecn Wilhelmina with
Prince Henry of Mecklenburg, 1901 (sev. var.); — William Ernest
and Caroline of Saxe- Weimar; — Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria;
^ Coronation of Czar Nichokis II and Czarina, at Moscow, 1896 ;
— Nicholas II., Emperor of Russia; — 20"' Anniversary of Carol I.
of Rumania's reign, 189 1 ; — Count W;\klersee, Relief of Peking ;
— Queen Victoria; ^. Prince and Princess of Wales; — The
Roumanian Royal Pair, 1900; — Prince Ludwig of Bavaria; —
King Leopold of Belgium; and Breloques with portraits of Queen
Wilhelmina; — King Albert of Saxony ; — Emperor Francis Joseph;
,stsd by Google
— 642 — ■
— King George of Saxony ; — and Grand Duke Frederick oi Biiden ;
— Gedt;nkthaleron tlie Birth of Prince William of HohenzoUern,
1906; — 78"' Congress of German Naturalists and Physicians
at Stuttgart, September 1906.
Struck Portrait-plaqueiles : Christ; — Bismarck; — Emperor
WilUam II. (2 var.) ; — Empress Augusta Victoria ; — Emperor
William [. ; — ■ Emperor Frederick ; — Bismarck ^ev. var.); —
— Moltke; — Schiller (i I lustraled); — Goetht:; — Queen Wilhel-
mina ; — King William II. of Wurtemberg; — Queen Charlotte
ofWiirtemberg; — Pope Leo XIII.; — Pope Pins X. ; — Madonna ;
— Communion ; — Madonna of Lourdes; — Lord Roberts; —
Cologne Cathedral ; — Auerhahn ; ^ Boar Hunt; — Paradise. The
followingare 5x7 cm. : Emperor William II., as Cuirassier and
Admiral; — Empress Augusta Victoria ; — Emperor William I. ;
— Emperor Francis Joseph I, ; — King Albert of Saxony ; —
Pope Leo XIII. ; — Pope Pius X. ; — Madonna (2 var.) ; — King
William II. of Wiirttemberg ; — Queen Charlotte of Wiirttemberg ;
- — Bismarck (3 var.); — Moltke; — " Reichstag" Palace; —
Germania ; — jahn ; — Cologne Cathedral ; — The GrCitli Oath ;
— The Lion of Lucerne; — Dying Warrior; ^ Winkelried ; —
Petofi ; — Nikolaus von der Fliie ; — Monument of St. Jakob at
Basle; — Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria; — Auerhalin ; —
Boar; — General Kuropatkin.
Electrotype Plaquettes : Christ; — Bismarck Monument at Berlin ;
— Wiesbaden Theater ; — Auerhahn ; — Boar ; — Bismarck
(2 var.); — Moltke; — Madonna (2 var.); — St. Amalia;
— KinL' William II. of Wurttembert^; — Sancta Maria ; — The first
Song ; — Young Girl with a flower (illustrated) ■ — Yoiing Girl
with a fly; — Jaim; — Grand Duke of Baden ; — Grand Duchess
ot Baden ; — Prince Hermann of Saxe-Weimar ; — Emperor
William II.
,stsd by Google
_ 6^3 ~
Historical Medals. Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the restored
German Empire, with busts of William I., Bismarck, Moltke,
Frederick III., and William II., 1895 ; — ■ Inau^ration of the Kiel
Canal ; — German Exhibition in London; — The Triple Alliance,
with busts of William II., Francis Joseph I., and Umbertoj^The
Kyffhauser Monument ; — Opening of the Reischstag, with btist of
William II., (sev. var.); — Germania, '^. Arms, including those
of Alsace-Lorraine; — Kaiser parade 1893 J ''Usts of William II.
and King William 11. of Wiirttemberg; — Baden-Baden Exhibition,
1896; — Sporting Show at Cologne; — Proclamation Medal, 1871-
1896; — The New Century, 1900; — Journey of the German
Emperor to Palestine; — Numerous medals of the Emperor
William II. with different reverses, alluding to visits of foreign
rulers, military manceuvres, opening of the Reichstag, &c; — ■ Inau-
guration of the harbour of Emden, 1901 ;— The Niederwald Monu-
ment;— Second Centenary of the Prussian Kingdom, 1901 ; —
Alexander of Russia, Memorial Church, 1902; — Prince Henry of
Prussia, on his Visit to America, 1902; — Coming of age of Crown
Prince Frederick William, 1900; — Visit of President Felix Faure to
Russia; — Cession of Helgoland by Great Britain to Germany; —
William II. and Nicholas H. ; — ■ Peace Medal; ■— Accession of
William IL, 1888 (sev. var.) ; — Memorial Medal of William I. ; -
Medals of William I. (numerous varieties of obverses and reverses,
commemorating episodes of the Franco-German War, inaugurations
of public buildings, &c. ; — Medals ofFrederick III. (several types);
— Third Centenary of Salzburg Mineral Springs, 1601-1901; —
Return of the German Troops from China, 1900, &c,
Pri^e Medals for Rifle Competitions of Ennetmoos (Nidwald),
1898; — Rastatt, 1903; — Neustadt A. Hi (Bavaria), 1902; —
Segeberg, 1883 ; — Heilbronn, 1900; — Jena, 1903 ; — Esslingen,
1903; — Godesberg, 1902 ; — Gdppingen, 1902; — Leipzig, 189S;
— Chemnitz, 1895; ■ — Oberndorf, 1894 (to commemorate the
Sultan's accession); — Isny, 1903 (4"' Centenary of the Rifle Corps) ;
— Geislingen, 1903 ; — Berlin, 1903 ; — Hohentiibingen, 1900; —
Torgau, 1894; — Leipzig, 1893 ; — Ellwangen, 1902; — Stuttgart,
1901; — HalberstadE,.i893; — Karlsruhe, 1891; — Plauen, 1889;
— Neuchkel, 1902; -— Speyer, 1902; — Homburg, :89o; —
Eisleben, 1899; — Halberstadt ; — Biasca; — Halle A. S. ; —
Berlin, 1890; — Frankfort-on-M., 3-10. July 1887; — Mylau,
1891; — Altona, 1894; — Reutlingen, 1891; — ■ Vohrenbach,
1899 ; — Hochst, 1889 ; — Mayence, 1894; — Stuttgart, 1895 ;
— Frauenfeld, 1890; — Glarus, 1892; — St. Gall, 1895; —
Zofingen, 1896; — Frauenfeld, 1S97; — Lichtensteig; — Burg-
dorf, 1891 ; — Winterthur, 1891 ; — Meiningen, 1893 ; — Lucerne;
./Google
— (544 —
— Locarno, 1S96 ; — Weilburg, 1801; — Creussen, 1890; —
Rabenach, 1893; ~ Dommitzoch, 1901 ; — Halle, 1892; —
Ludwigsburg; — Erfurt, 1891 ; — Ostrowa, 1892; — Wiesbaden,
1893 ; — Ragnitz, 1892; — Weissenfels, 1892 ; — Neu-Oertels-
dorf, 1900; — Flensburg, 1889, and many others ; also Badges,
Insignia, &c, of Rifle Clubs, Sporting Associations, &c.
I have myself noted Mayer & Wilhelm's signature on the follow-
ing plaquettes and medals not already enumerated in the above
official list supplied to me by the firm : Marriage of Princess Pau-
line of Wiirtteniberg with the hereditary Prince of Wied, 1898 ;
— Marriage of Prince Max of Schaiimburg-Lippe with the Duchess
Olga of Wurttemberg, 1898; — 150"' Anniversary of the Printing
Establishment of Schluchter at Hanover, 1898; — Johann Georg
Adler, of Buchholz; — Exhibition of Foodstuffs at Elberfeld, with
bust of Baron Augustus von der Heydt, 1899 ; — Choral Festival
at Cassel, 1899 (modelled by Hans Everding); — Marriage-Medal
(signtd by Diirrich of Cassel) ; — Hungarian Millenium, 896- 1896 ;
— Death of Leo XIIL, 1903; — Exhibition at Breslau for the
Nursing of Infants, 1897; — 150''' Anniversary of the Court Chapel
at Breslau, igoo; — SanltiltsaussteUungat Breslau, 1900; — Medal
with busts on obv. of the Hungarian ministers D' Wekerle, Count
Csaky, and D. Szilagyi, 1895 ; —Exhibition of Art-Handicraft and
Electrotechnique at Stuttgart, 1896 ; — Diamond Jubilee of Qiieen
Victoria, 1897; — Fridtjof Nansen ; 1^. The "Fram", 1897; — ■
I^. Portrait-medal of Prince Bismarck, 1897 ^. Inscription, under
oak-branch :
Und wenii die Welt voll TeMfel w;ir',
Es kann iiir niclit gelingen,
Durch Undank dicli zu And'rer Ehr'
Um deinen Rulim zu bringen.
Es fehh noch, dass ein Streit entstciit,
Wer sei der Reich sbaurneister ?
Ffir uiis und alle braven Leut'
Kein Zweifel, " Bismarck " heissi or 1
Die alien Geireuen.
Satirical medalof the Franco-Russian Alliance, 1897; — Launch-
ing of the transatlantic liner 'Kaiser Wilhelm', 1S97; — ■ Jubilee
of the Emperor Francis Joseph I. , 1898 (sev. var.); — Inauguration
of the Franz Abt Monument at Wiesbaden, 1891 ; — Musical F&te
at Bonn, 1885 ; — - Ludvig van Beethoven, 25"' Anniversary of the
Choral Society of Muifendorf, 1888 ; — Others, with portrait of
the composer fseveral varieties); — Death of King Umberto I.,
1900 (modelled by H. Durrich) ; — 550"' Anniversary of Zurich's
entry into the Swiss Confederation, 1902; — Journey of Prince
Henry of Prussia to the United States, 1902 ; — Medallion of the
isdo/Googlc
— Hs -
Wurttemberg " Kriegerbund ", 1902; — Visit ot Prince Aibert
Victor of Wales to India, 1889-1890; — Bird Show at Zuricli,
1890 ; —Tenth Federal German Rifle Meeting at Berlin, 1890
(sev. var.) ; — - Medal of Hans Waldniann of Zurich, 4"' centenary
of the city, 1889; — 90''' Anniversary of Count von Mohke, 1890;
— Reproduction of the 5 Franc piece, 1870, with 1^. FINIS GER-
MANIC. 1870; — Prof. D' Robert Koch;— Portrait-medallion
of Charles, King of Wurttemberg ; ^L. Eberhard im Barr, Duke of
Wurttemberg; — D' Ludwig von Windthorst, 1891 ; — Grand
Duke Adolph of Luxemburg, 1891 ; — Commemorative medal of
the Meeting at Strassburg of the Choral Societies of Alsace-Lorraine,
1891; — 58''' Anniversary of Francis Joseph L, 1888; — Columbus
Exhibition at Genoa, 1892; — Centenary of the 10. August 1792;
— Fifth Centenary of the Reunion of Gross- and Klein-Basel,
1892 ; — Medal of the Philadelphia Exhibition, 1893 ; — Bulgar-
ian National Exhibition at Philippopel, 1892; — " Festspiel" at
Basle, 1892; — German Exhibition in Ijsndon, 1891 ; — W. E.
Gladstone, 1893 (edited by J. Rochelle Thomas); — England and
the Triple Alliance in Europe (1892?); — Helgoland ceded to
Germany, 1890 ; — The Duke of Cumberland and his father
George V. of Hanover; — Dr. Emin Pasha and German Explorers
in Africa; — Silver Wedding of the Prince of Wales (Edwari VIL),
1888; — Hygiene Exhibition in London, 1893; — Brahms; —
Schubert ; — Joachim ; — Fifth German Gymnastic Fete at Frank-
fort-on-Main, 1880 ; — Exhibition of "Patent and Musierschutz "
at Frankfort-on-Main, 1881 ; — Ninth German Federal Rifle
Meeting at Frankforc-on-Main, 1887 (sev. var.); — Inauguration
of the Central Railway Station at Frankfort-on-Main, 1888; —
Inauguration of the Paris Hfitelde Ville, 1882; — 50''' Anniversary
of Belgian Independence, 1880 ; — Portrait-medal of Ernest, Duke
of Saxe-Altenburg, 1882; — Swiss Federal Rifle Meeting at
Lugano, 1883; — Swiss Military Manoeuvres in Graubunden,
1884 ; — Swiss Federal FSte of non-commissioned Officers at Frei-
burg, 1885 ; — Chora! Festival at Basle, 1893 ; — Federal Griitli
FSte at Neuchatel, 1891 ; — 75"' Anniversary of the Swiss Students'
Society of Zofingen, 1891 ; — Cantonal Rifle Meeting of Vaud, at
Lausanne, 1894 '> — Inauguration of the Tell Monument at Ahdorf,
1S95 ; — Inauguration of a Monument at Strassburg commemo-
rating the help given to that city by the Swiss in 1870; — Swiss
National Exhioition at Geneva, 1896; — Adrien de Bubenberg;
^ Defence of Morat, 1476-1866; — President Kruger, 1900 ; —
International Exhibition for Hygiene, London, 1893 ; — D' Robert
Koch, of Berlin (1890); ■ — ■ A. Menzel, painter, 1905 ; — Schiller
Festivities, 1905 ; — Marriage of the Crown Prince of Germany;
— Silver Wedding of H. M. William II., 1906; — Marriage of
,stsd by Google
— 64^ —
Prince Eitc! with Princess Sophie Chi\rlotte orOliicnburg, 1906; —
The Springtime and the Aummn of Life (plnquelte, reproduced in
tlie traUhmake}- and Jeweller. Aug. 1906).
J, E. Bennertj Bismanh-Medaillen, 1904 describes no less than
42 medals and plaquettes of Prince Bismarck struck by Mayer &
Wilhelm, to commemorate various events of his hfe.
MAYERL, JOSEF (Auslr.). Mint-warden at Kremnit^, appointed
OH 16. January 1703. .
MAYNERT (Austr.'). Forger of various Polish coins and medals.
Several are described in the Sale Catalogue of the Sigismund von
Chelminski's collection, Munich, 1904.
MAYNERT, GOTTFRIED (^Austr.). Mint-engraver at Warsaw, circ,
1850.
MAYNERT, F.JOSEPH (Auslr.). Sun ot Gottlried M. ; Medallist
at Warsaw, during the second half ot the nineteenth century. By
him is a portrait-medal of his father, and I have also noticed his
signature on commemorative medals of the inauguration of the
railway from Warsaw to Vienna, 1845 (2 var.).
MAYR, A, (Germ.). Medallist to the Mint of Nuremberg, nrc. 1770.
— His signature occurs on the ^ of a medal, the oljv. of which
is by G. F. Niirnberger, on the election of the Emperor Charles VI.
and prediction of a successful reign.
MAYR, HANS (Aiisfr.). Warden, and later Mint-master at Salzburg,
1599-1620.
MAYR, JOHANN JAKOB (Jriilr.). Mint-engraver at Kremnitz,
1675-1687.
MAYR, ISAAK Fide MAYER. A Jew of Prague who worked the
Imperial Mint of Breslau, between 1546 and 1549.
MAYR, MARX VON {Germ.). Member of the " Miinzsocietat ",
Munich, 1691.
MAYR, WOLFGANG (Germ.). Mint-warden at Stuttgart to the
District of Suabia, 1599-1615.
MAZARON. Fide ANTOINE MASCARON. Mint-master at Marseilles,
1593-94.
HAZENS, GEORGES (French). Contemporary Sculptor, born at
Paris; pupil of Gautherin. By him are various portrait-medallions
in bronze, some of which were cxiiibited at the Paris Salon
of 1883.
,stsd by Google
— 647 —
MAZltRES, ANTOINE DE (P'lemh). Miiu-tiigraver at Villeiicuve-
Saim-Andr^-les-Avignon, 1533-1547. In 1540 lie was assistant
warden at the Montpellier Mint.
liiBLiOGRAPHY. — N. Rondot & H. dc La Tour, op. cit.
MAZIERES, BERNARDIK DE (Frcvch). Mint-engravcr at Villeneuve-
Saint-Andre-les-Avignon, 1545-1551.
MAZI£reS, PIERRE DE {French). Mint-engraver at Villeneiive-
Saint-Andr^-l^s-Avignon, 1 560-1 569.
MAZURE, ANTOINE (French). Mint-engraver at Villeneuve- Saint-
Andre-Ies-Avignon, appointed by the King in 1534. Probably tlie
same as ANTOINE DE MAZlfiRES (q. v.).
MAZZAFIRRI, MICHELE (Dal). Florentine Medallist, bovn cirr.
1530, died about 1597. He was attached to the Court and person
of the two sticcessors of Cosimo I. and especially to the third Grand
Duke, Ferdinand III., of whom and his consort, Christine of Lor-
raine, no less than eleven medals are known by him. He was really
a Goldsmith by profession, and attained greater celebrity in that
branch than in medallic art, although none of his works of plate
and jewellery have come down to us, and are only known from
documentary evidence. The fihgree-like delicacy of the elaboration
of all the accessories marks them as the works of a goldsmith's
hand, and v. Fabriczy notices that the artist's fame as a goldsmith
surpassed that of: the medallist, documents proving that he received
a great number of commissions for goldsmith's work.
t-erdinand 1, of Lou
The following medals bear the artist's signature, which occurs in
various forms : MI. MA. ; _ m. M. ; — MICHE. M.; — MICHELE
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— 648 —
UAZA. F., etc. ; Vincenzo I., fourtli Duke of Mantii;i, Bust to r. ;
beneath : MI. MA. I^ Shield of arms; — Francesco I. de' Medici;
obv. Bust to r. ; beneath : M. M. 1577. V^. MAIOR.AGIT.DEVS.
Constelktion of the Ram; — Another, with different '^(Vide C.
von Fabriczy, op. cit., p. 90); — Ferdinand I., Third Grand Duke
of Tuscany ; obv. Bare head to r. ; beneath ; M. M. 1587. ^. St-
Stephen's cross; —Another, same date; ^. A , DNO . FACTVM .
EST.ISTVD. St. Stephen's cross ; — Another, 1588; signed on
obv. : MICHE. M. (a). l?i.. VIRTVTIS PREMIA Grand Ducal
cr6wn; — (b) 1^. MAIESTaTE TANTVM. Q.ueen bee and
swarm ; (c) I^. PVBLICAE SECVRITATI. Plan of the fortress ot
Livorn o,. beneath : A.S.CIC.IC.XV; ^Another, 1588; signed
on obv. MICHELE. MAZA F; ^. SIC ITVR AD ASTRA. Herakles
stunnino; the centaur i^essus (^illmtrtited); —Another, with similar
obv. and ^L, Cross of St, Stephen; — Another, with similar obv.
^L. MAIESTATE TANTVM. Plan of the fortress of Livorno; —
Another, with obv. : FERDINANDVS MED . MAGN . DVX .
ETRVRIiE.III. Cuirassed bust to r. and same ^L. type as last; —
Ch-istine of Lorraine (1565 f 1636). Obv. CHRISTIANA . PRINC.
LOTHAR.MAG.DVX.HETR. Bust to r. ; K-- FRVCTVM.LV-
MENQYE-PVDORIS. Ear of corn surrounded by seven stars
07/»j;mic,a!); — Another, with obv. legend : CHRISTIANA. P. D.
L.GRAN.DVCDI TOSCA. ; — Christine and Ferdinand, 1592.
Obv. Bust of Ferdinand; ^ Bust of Christine to r. ; — Another,
of same date ; 1^ Bust of Grand Duchess Christine to 1.
The portraits of the Tuscan Grand Dukes by Mazzafirri are ot
very lifelike and powerful execution.
Bibliography. — A. Heiss, Im MidailUurs de la Renaissance. Florence, et la
Tosame, Pnris, 1892. — Cornelius von Fabric;!y, Medaillen der italimiscben Renais-
,/Goo(^[c
— ^49 —
sancs, 1903. — Armand, oji. cil. — Blanchet, op. cit., II, 570. — ■ Supino, op. at.
— Bolzentlial, op. cit. — Keary, Biilish Mitseum Guide to Italian Medals, 1892.
MAZZAEA, MARCHESE(/ifl/.)- Mint-master-general for the King-
dom of Sicily at Naples, circ. 1747. His signature occurs on cur-
rency of that date struck at tliat Mint (Vide' hmmon, op. rii.,
p. r6i, n" 464.)
MAZZINGHI, GIOVANNI. Vide MEA, Florentine Painter and Medallist
(?) circ. 1488-1520.
MAZZIO (Ital.). Mint-master at Rome, 1812-1814, under Napo-
leon I. His privy mark on coins is the Capitolian wolf.
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