Biographical and genealogical history of the state of Delaware

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REYNOLDS HISTORICAL
GENEALOGY COLLECTION

ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRAB

3 1833 02254 2200

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2010 with funding from

Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center

http://www.archive.org/details/biographicalgene01runk

f^lOGI^APHICAL AND GI:Nt:ALQGICAL ,

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STATE or DIlLAWAPC

CONTAININO

I^IOC.r?/\PI IIO\L AND C.I:Ni:/\LOC.ICAL 5Kl:TCIIC5 Or

PTONINIzNT AND PI:l>l^l:Sl:NTATIVl: CITIZENS,

AND MANY Or ril[ EAPLY SLTITEPS.

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PR]H]FACE

" It is wise for us to recur to the history of our
ancestors. Those who are regardless of their an-
cestors, and of their posterity, who do not look upon
themselves as a link conneeting the past with the
future, in the transmission of life from tbeir ances-
tors to their posterity, do not perform their duty to
the world. To be faitliful to ourselves we must
keep botli our ancestors and their posterity within
reach and grasp of our thoughts and affections ;
living in the memory and retrospect of the past,
and hoping with affection and care for those who
are to come after us. We are true to ourselves
only when we act with becoming pride for the
blood we inherit, and which we are to transmit to
those who shall fill our places." — Daniel Webster.

2D52102

A work sucli as the one we are now pleased to present to our many patrons, in whieli
we have collectoil and placed in permanent form the annals of an interesting section of our
country, lias two sources of value. One of these is its historic utility as a memorial of the
progress and development of tlie community, from the earliest period with which we could
become acquainted through family records ami traditions to the present day. The preser-
vation of these data affords the means of illustrating and contirming or correcting and
amending extant histories, and supplies material for the compilation of future ones. The
second source of value is the personal interest attaching to the biographical and genealog-
ical records composing the work, either as studies of life and character, or as memoirs of
individuals connected with the reader as relatives or fellow-citizens.

On both these accounts, a collection of biograjihical and genealogical recoi'ds is a use-
ful contribution to current literature and a legacy to succeeding generations. Colonies of
various nationalities and creeds peopled the territory now comprising the State of Dela-
ware; their descendants have taken an active part in national affairs, in war and in peace;
and it will be strange indeed if their annals have not brought to view many scenes and re-
vealed many facts well worthy being noted and remembered.

In the execution of this work no pains were spared to ensure the al)solute truth upon
which its value depends. The material comprising "The Story of Delaware" is from
the pen of John F. Meginness, an author of large experience in this kind of literary lore;
and the biographical and genealogical sketches of representative citizens now living, and
those departed wliose lives have conferred distinction upon their native [)laces, were gath.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Story of Delaware, 9

The Struggle for Possessiou of "South River" aud what came of it.

An Early Colony, 10

The Colonists Massacred, U

De Vries H

A Question of Title, 12

Action of Gustavus Adolphus, 13

Dutch West India Conii)any, 13

Peter Minuit Appears, H

Sailing of the Swedish Colony, 1-i

l^anding at the Rock, 15

The Dutch Protest IC

Rev. Dr. Cort's Memorial Address, 16

Arrival of Governor .lohn Printz 17

Friction Between Governors, 20

Fort C!assimer Cajjturcd, 21

Governor Stuyvesant, 23

Fort Christina Taken, 24

Courtesy to Prisoners, 27

Cruel Treatment, 27

Stuyvesant Sole Monarcli, 29

What the Indians Did, 30

Jaquet's Administration, 31

Governor Alrich, 32

Lord Baltimore's Claim, 33

Stuyvesant Becomes Tyrannical, " " 34

Lieutenant Alexander Ilinoyosn, 35

Troublous Times, 30

A Perilous Journey, 37

Advent of the English, 3S

Sir Robert Carr 39

The Dutch Again, 40

The English Recapture the Country 40

Arrival of William Penn, 41

Beginning of Delaware, -12

Land Titles Again, 45

Lord Baltimore Again, 46

New Castle Disappointed 49

Boundary Dispute Renewed, 49

"Old Swedes' Church," 50

Delaware To-day, 54

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6 TABLE OF CONTENTS.

The Three Counties, 55

New Castle County, gg

Kent County, 58

Sussex County, 59

"Our Delaware," (J3

Governors of Delaware, 04

Swedish Governors, G4

Dutcii Governors, 05

Engiisli Governors, 00

Presidents of tlie Stale, OG

Caesar Rodney, 07

John Dickinson, 07

Governors Under Constitution of 1792, 08

Under the Amended Constitution, . ' 70

Judiciary of Delaware, 73

Delaware Judiciary C^lassiHed, SI

Cliancellors, 85

Some of the Old Families, * 88

William Shipley, 94

Hon. Caesar Rodney, 99

Warner Miftiin. 100

Gen. John Dagworthy, 105

The Ferris Family, 100

The Ross Family, 110

Thomas Fenwicic, 112

Hon. George Read, 113

The Bed fords, 114

Commodore ]\Licdonougli, 117

Governor John McKinly, 119

The Richardson Family, 121

Van Dyke, 130

Jasper Yeates, )31

Captain Edward Roche, 131

Governor Nathaniel Mitchell 132

Governor Bennett, 137

The Adams Family, 139

Henry Latimer, 140

William McKennan,- 140

Major John Patten, 141

Governor Polk, 141

Dr. James Tilton, 142

The Anderson Family, I43

The Crow Family, I43

The Dull' Family, I44

Rev. Jose[)h Barr, I45

The Alrichs Family, 140

Captain Learmontli, 148

Descendants of Dr. 10. A. Smith 148

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Samuel McClury, • 1-1!^

Duncan Beard, 150

Adolpli Ulric Wertmuller, lo3

Major Peter Jaquet, 154

Major Kirkwood, 150

Allen McLane and The McLane Family, ' . 15(3

Lydia Darragh of Tlio Revolution, 158

Barratt Genealogy, 159

The Barker Family, 103

The Comegys Family, 176

Biographical and Genealogical Sketches, beginning, 88

General Index in Second ^'^olunle.

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STORY OF DELAWARE

THE STRUGGLE FOR POSSESSION ON THE
"SOUTH RIVER" AND WHAT CAME OF IT.

Tlie storj of the discovery of the Delaware
(South) Kivur, and of the struggle of the
ISwc'dts, Dutch and Euglish for the possession
of the settlements on its banks, ending in the
final triumph of the English, is one of deep
and thrilling interest, and runs Lack for more
than two hundred and seventy-five years. To
write an exhaustive history of the events, to
describe the stirring incidents of this long
jieriod, and to give in detail all that is worthy
of being recorded, would fill a large volume.
In tliis introductory chapter, therefore, no at-
tein]it will l)e made to cuter into a full histury
of the state — only the more striking points
will be referred to.

To Capt. Ilenry Hudson belongs the credit
of having first discovered this great river,
which has long since been recognized as one
of tlie important higliways of commerce in the
"Western Ileniisplicre, and the entrance to
one of the greatest commercial cities. It was
on the 28th of August, 1G09 — two hundred
and ninety years ago — that Hudson entered
that broad expanse of waters since known as
the Delaware Bay, in his little vessel of only
eighty tons, called the Half Moon or Creffcent.
He sailed slowly up and passed into the river,
which he followed for some distance. The
shores, wooded to tlie water's edge, presented
a strange scene to tlie bold navigator. The
bay and river were then known to the Indians
wlio dwelt, in the solitudes of the forest as
]\Iar-is-kit-ten, Pon-tax-at, or Chick-a-hock-ee,
these names being used by the tribes or clans
who inhabited the country on the different
shores. What meaning these names conveyed
we have no certain knowledge at this day.

Henry Hudsim, the discoverer, was an Eng-
lishman by birth, liut at tliis time he was in
the service of Ibilland. Returning from the

river and bay, he passed out upon the ocean,
and making liis way northward discovered the
river to wliich he gave his name, the name by
which it is still known. Not content witli
these discoveries, in IGIO he boldly struck out
into unknown seas in search of a northwest
passage. As a navigator he was bold and in-
trepid. Each new discovery stimulated him to
further effort; the desire to add to his achieve-
ments was with him a consuming ambition.
After beating about for ten months in high
noi'thern latittules he found himself out of
provisions. The situation was desperate;
lliidson could no longer control the men un-
der his conunand. Starvation and death stared
them in the face, and self-preservation, the
tir^t law of nature,- asserted itself with uncon-
trollable force. The mutinous crew thrust
their commander, %Wth his son, John, into a
frail boat, and set it adrift. They were never
heard of again. Thus miserably perished the
first navigator who entered what arc now
known as the Delaware bay and river. But
though his eiul was sad, his name is per-
petuated in a noble river, and in a bay farther
to the. north, so that it is not likely that his
daring explorations will soon be forgotten.

It was not long before another gave his
name to the bay and river the discovery of
which should have been credited to the fear-
less Henry Hudson. In IGll, Thomas West,
Lord De-la-war, then governor of the colony
of Virginia, while on a voyage to the West
Indies, came, or was driven by adverse winds,
into the bay; as he believed it to be a new
discovery, the name Delaware was given to
the bay and the river, and they will probably
retain the same for all time.

.Mthtmgh it is generally accepted that
Hudson, in 1009, was the first navigator to

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10

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYClAJl'KDl A

enter and explore the Delaware Kivor, c-aret'ul
investigators are of tlie ojiinion that small
traders entered the river as early as 151(8.
'I'hey bnilt rude cabins for shelter in the win-
ter time, and it is possible that tlu-y vuu-
strueted temporary fortifications as a prutec-
tiou against the aborigines. 'Flic olijcct of
these ad\entnrers was to trade with the In-
dians. I3nt if this theory is correct, tradition
has failed to point ont where their tenip<n'ary
settlements were made.

An Eaulv C'oi.o.w.

Before 1620, however, there is scarcely a
doid)t tlnit Dutch trading ships sailed up the
river to tratHc with the nati\e>. .\ud in 1G21
the Dutch West India Company, we are in-
formed, had agents stationed on the river with
men and small stocks of goods for the piu-pose
of trading in peltries. It is said that in their
little craft they sailed np the small streams, in
which the volume of water was greatt'r than
it i^ now, and that they carried on a coiiridci-
able business for those early times.

Cohir is given to this theory by the fact
that as early as 1G23 ('apt. Cornelius iley
planted a small colony on the i )claware, whicli
was called Xassau, near what is miw known
as Ciloucester Point. But as it was on the
Xew >lersey side of the river, it is not taken
into account when discussing the early Dela-
ware settlements. Judge Houston, in his ciui-
triimtion to the Delaware Historical Society
on the boundaries of the State, expresses the
belief that there were Dutidi traders settled on
the "Iloorn ]vill," now Lewes Creek, as early
as 1U22. When the bay was first discovered,
there was a i)ermanent Indian village near
where hcwes now stands, and even now trace-
of where their fires were built are occasion-
ally uncovered in the sand along the cnek,
with great piles of muscle shells.

'I"he ])resent'e of Indians at this point no
doubt became known to the Dutch adventurers
in pur.snit of traffic, and induced them to at-
tempt the founding of a pennanent settU'ment.
The .success of this little settlement on the
'"Iloorn Kill" became known to a class of
men in Holland who saw at om-e the fea-i-
bility of establishing there a larger and more
profitable business. Of this class were De
Vries, and a nundier of others of like intelli-
genci' aii<l moans in Ani.-lerdani .iiid other

cities in Holland, as early as 1(J21». They
formed a private company to pin-cha.>e all tlie
salt marsh skirting the side of the bay from
(-'ape Ileidi^ipen to Ijombay Hook, in order to
eslablish a whale lisliery, and in c(jnnectiou
with it, and as a part of the enterprise, t<j plant
a Dutcii colony on the "Iloorn Kill." De
\'ries, who had filled, with credit to himself,
a post of some importance in the military ser-
vice of the Xetherlands, and had for some
time resided in the West Indies, was selected
to take charge of the enterprise as the Direc-tor
Cieneral of the ccdony. Karly in the spring
of 102i), three ships were dispatched to Fort
Amsterdam, now New York, to procure an or-
der by which one of the vessels should convey
from that place to the "I loom Kill" an agent
of the company to complete the purchase of
the salt marsh from the Indians of the village.
The order was procured, and the ship arrived
at its destination in the latter part of -May;
on the iii'st day of June in that year the pur-
chase was d)dy made, and the sale was after-
wards acknowledged by a delegation of the
Indians of the village before the director gen-
eral and council of the Xew Xetlierlautls in
Fort Amsterdam, July IJ, l(i;JO. The com-
jiany also made a similar purchase on the Xew
.lerscy side, that they might have entire con-
trol of the river. The tract they purchased
</n the Delaware side was an almo-t continu-
ous body of salt mar.^h, extending from Cape
Ilenlopen to the mouth of the river, between
forty and tifiy miles in length, with a mean
breadth back to the main laml of from two to
three miles.

There is .some uncertainty as to the exact
time when the colony was first planted on the
'•Iloorn Jvill;" there i> no doubt, however,
that it was as early as the ^llriug of 1(!31. De
\'rii's himself, the direettu' general, however,
in the incidental allusion to the massacre of
the colonists by the Indians, contained in his
letter of indignant j.rotest and remonstrance
addressed some ten or twelve years after that
event to Director C.encral Kieft, of the Xew
Xetherlands. again^l the de-ign he had
formed of slauglil<'ring the Indians in re-
venge for tlie brutal outrage perpetrated by
them on th(> Dutch settli^rs in that vicinity,
speaks of it as having oc,-urred in IG.^O. The
passage in De Vrie-' prote.M reads as follows:
'■Consider, sir, what goo.l will it do? We know
that we lost oiH' settlement at the 'Iloorn Kill'

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STATE OF DELAWARE

11

in 1G30 by mere jangling with the Iiuliuna,
wlien thirty-two of our nit-ii wtre murdered!"
De Vrics came with tlie colony as director
general, and was in connnand of the expedi-
tion from its departure iro\n the shores of
Holland. His native place was the little city
of iloorn ill that country, a seaport on tlie
Z\iydcr Zee, and it is said that he conferred
the name "lliHirn lull" on the creek in honor
of that city.

After passing the cape he entered the creek,
wlii(di was deejier than it is now, and abound-
ed with oysters and fish, and planted his col-
ony. "Kill" is the Dutch word for creek, and
wherever it follows a name it is clearly un-
derstood as applying to a j)lace situated on a
stream of water. From the terms '"iloorn
Kill," "lloorkill," came by corruption the
name "Whorekill," which has been largely
used by modern writers.*

Here l)e Vries erected a rude house and
surrounded it with jialisades as a greater jiro-
terlidii ill time of danger, and named it Fort
()|ilaiidt. Siiiue writers say that he gave the
i.aiiie of ■"Swanendale" to the settlement.
After everrtliing was arranged to his satisfac-
tion, he ]j].ii-ed (iillis llossctt, the commissary,
ill ehaii;e, mid .-ailed away in pursuit of other
bnsine>s. The culony consisted of a small
('llri^tian eoiumunity of Furopean settlers,
expressly formed and organized for colonizing
that portion (jf the southern shores of tlie
F)elaware Hay. Not only was this done with
all the regularity and method usual in such
eases, but the arrival of the colony on these
shores was preceded by a larger purchase of
land from the natives for the jmrpose of a
])lantafion, than had jierhajis occurred before
in the hi-tory of any of the luiglish or Dutch
settlements. Iiududiug De \'i'ies, the colony
must have numbered on its laiuling at least
thirty-three men, to say nothing of women
and children.

A boily of land was selected and ideared,
and the work of cidtivating it commenced.
The name ""Swandale" is said to have been
suggested by the large number of swans that

were found disporting in the creek, or '"kill."
Before his departure De \'ries had gained the
esteem and rcsjjcet of the natives, and rela-
tions of entire concord and amity sulisisted be-
tween them and the colonists.

* Several writers, more careless than uorrect,
have said that tlio place took its name from the
bad character of the Indian women found dwelling-
there. This assertion is entirely erroneous. The
name is derived us stated above, from the Dutch.
It was not applied in its modern form until after llie
4irrival of William Penn, and was used to designate

The Colonists ]\r.vssACHi;i).

Tradition says that soon after the departure
of De Yries, the colonists set up on a post the
coat-of-arms of Holland, made out of brass.
The shining metal attracted the attention of
an Hidian, who desired to jiosse.ss it for the
pur])ose of making ornaments. On being re-
fused, his cupidity got the better of his judg-
ment, and stealthily approaching the place at
night, he carried away the eoat-oi-anns. When
it was missed, there was much indignation in
the settlement, and the theft being strongly
suspected, a peremptory demand was made on
the chief for the delivery of the culprit to the
colonists for punishment. The trailition runs
that he was given u{), tried and executed, for
the oifense was regarded as a criminal one.

This sniuinary pi-oecediug entirely changed
the feelings of the Hidians towards the
strangers on their shores, and their savage ire
being aroused they resolved on vengeance.
Seeking an opportunity when the men were at
work in the held, they pounceil on the fort,
which was left in charge of two or three in-
hrni persons, and killed them. Then liaving
sectired the arms and implements of defense
they assailed those at work in the held, and
:-lieedlly disiiatehed them. In this way the
.settlement was entirely wiped out. The bodies
of the slain were left where they fell, to be dc-
\oured by wild beasts. "When De \'rics re-
turned the next year he found their bonei
scattered about the ticdd where they had been
slain. Gloved with de('p pity by the sad spee-
ta<le, De Vries and his followers set to work
to gather ii]) the bones of the slain and give
them Christian burial. A trench was dug in
which the fragments of the unfortunates were
\. laced and then carefully covered with earth,
when the burial jiarty returned to their shijis
ami .sailed away.

^More than two and a half centuries rolled
awav, and the eirciiiii-taiice of the cruel mas-
sacre had pas.sed from the nieiuory of man. Tt
was one of the forgotten incidents of the early
efforts of a band of adventurous jiioncers to
found a settlement in the Xew AVorld ; his-

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12

BWOBAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

torians had ceased to notice it, and the facta
of the tragedy were no lunger recalled. Ijiit
time, which reveals all things, came to the
rescue. A few yeai^s ago, when excavations
■ were being made for tlie construction of a rail-
road, the workmen laid bare the place of sepul-
ture of the bones of the early colonists. Many
of them were in a good state of preservation,
but the smaller bones crumbled on being e.\-
jxised to the atmosphere. The skulls and
thigh bones were intact. Dr. D. L. .Mustard,
au old physician and resident of Lewes, e.x-
amined these fragmentary remains, and had
no hesitancy in pronouncing them of Anglo-
Saxon origin. This was regarded as conclu-
sive evidence that they belonged to the De
Vries colonists. After this careful examina-
tion, in which others participat(.'d with Dr.
ilustard, the bones were carcfiUly collected
and reinterred, where they will probably be
undisturbed until they have cruudded into
dust.

'J'lius perished the first men and women who
attempted to found a settlement on the Dela-
ware Bay, within what are now the contines
of the State of Delaware. Their place of
sepulture is within a few hundred yards of the
present borough of Lewes, on the "lloorn
Kill." With the extinction of the settlers the
name of their place, Swandale, j)assed out of
existence, and in the course of years a town
called Lewes grew up almost on tiie site where
the first settlement was nmde. Jt is supposed
to have been named for Lewes, in Sussex
county, England. 'J'he 'Tloorn Kill," now
known as Lewes Creek, sluggishly meanders
by the town and through the nutrshy mead-
ows to the bay. The fact that the change of
names took place after William Penn became
the proprietary, leads to the belief that the
present titles are of English origin.

Idie project of whale tishing on what is now
known as Lewes beach, was soon after aban-
doned by De Vries and his partners, because
they found it more expensive than profitable.
The destruction of his colony also operated
against the success of the enterprise. De Vries
soon after took up his residence at New Am-
sterdam (New York), and engaged in found-
ing Dutch settlements on the North liiver.
lie, however, retained his interest in the lands
purchased at the 'Tloorn Ivill" and on the
shores of the bav, until the sale "f the same

by the c<jpartnership to the City of Amster-
dam in 1035.

-V (Question of Title.

This land transaction of the De Vries com-
pany, and the attem})ts to found a colony at
'Tloorn Kill," form the basis of a historical
event of great importance. Judge Houston
says :

'Tt was the sole fact on vvhich the question
of title to the three lower counties on the Dela-
ware, now constituting the State, between
Lord Baltimore and the Dutch of the New
Netherlands in the first iiistance, and subse-
quently between his lordship and William
Penn, originally and finally depended for its
solution during a period of just one hundred
years thereafter, or up to the 3'ear 1732, the
date of the iirst agreement entered into be-
tween their respective heirs-at law for the ami-
cable settlement of it by mutual compact be-
tween the conflicting (daiuuints. Tor, with
the exception of that settlement, and with all
the lights and information which the most
patient and most thorough historical research
and examination has in the meantime shed
u])on the subject, I am constrained to say that
there is no good reason for believing that there
was a solitary Christian, or child of civiliza-
tion, within the limits of what now consti-
tutes the State of Delaware, or anywhere west
of the Delaware Kiver, on the 20th day of
June, 1(j32, nor imtil nearly six years after
that date."

It is not necessary in this connection to ex-
])]ain in detail the facts i-elating to Lord Bal-
timore's grant, but we will pass on to the his-
tory of the settlements on the Delaware. In
the first jdace, it is only necessary to note that
the first civilized settlement within the limits
of Delaware, and the first similar settlement
within the limits of .Maryland prior to the date
of Lord Ikltimore's patent, were almost simul-
taneously made by different European races
and under ditl'erent European sovereignties.
And while the subsequent contests between
rival European races for the possession of
Delaware territory were of higher historical
grade and dignity than those recorded in
the history of JIaryland, yet so far as
the epochs or eras — if they deserve such
an a]ipcllation — of each are concerned, thev

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■I ' ' . , ,1. tj»

STATE OF DELAWAL'E

13

■were almost as simultaneous, although
during tlie greater part of that period the
settlers on the Delaware and those on the
Chesapeake, within the limits of ^laryland,
liad no intereourse, or even aoquaintanee
■with each other. I)e Vries, however, was
fidly infuriiu'd of the English claim hy thi'
(Jovernor of ^'irginia on his visit from the
""lloorn Kill" to Jamestown in the summer of
l(.i;52, and the Swedes learned of it in like
manner when their first expedition touehed at
Jamestown in 1C38.

Action of Gustavus Adolpjil's.

The Dutrh West India Company had heen
incorporated by the States-General of the
United Xetherlands as early as 1021, for the
purpose of colonizing the Dutch possessions in
this country and promoting trade and com-
nieree in all the regions of the New Nether-
lands, as those possessions were then for the
first time formally denominated. But it had
so long neglected to make any settlement, or to
take actiuil ])ossession of any part of the eo\ni-
try on the western side of the Delaware above
the nioutli of the river, that finally one of
the original promoters and most active
members of the comi>any, who had become
<lissatistied with the management of its afl'airs,
made au effort to find some other j)ower
in Europe to undertake the enterprise.
It ■\vas such a motive that prompted one
^Villiam Unclincx, of the city of Am-
sterdam, to repair in 1C24 to the court of
the young and able sovereign of Sweden,
Gustavus Adolphus, and to submit to him a
plan for the formation of a Swedish West
India Company, for the express purpose of
colonizing the neglected regions on the Dela-
ware. It did not requin; much persuasion to
induce Gustavus to embrace the proposition,
and he soon fell in with the scheme of the M'ily
Dutchman and shrewd ex-mendier of the
Dutch AVest India Company.

.V West India company, similar to that in the
Netherlands, was accordingly organized and
incor]iorated without delay in that kingdom;
and with the enthusiastic spirit now abroail in
behalf of the measure, and the influence nf the
king's example, who subscribed with liberality
to the stock of the company, princes and pre-
lates, noblemen and commoners, and men of
all classes, as well as ladies of the hii>he-t rank,

\ ied with each other in responding with like
promi)titude to the cordial recommendation of
their sovereign In behalf of the enterprise. It
was the first novelty of the kind, perhaps,
which had ever caught and captivated the
fancy of the Swedes to sudi a degree, com-
l)ared with which, according to the accounts
which have reached us, the enchanting lines
and evanescent splendors of all later South Sea
bubbles must have ])aled into insignihcance.

Dut before all the necessary preparations
had been completed by the company iov the
despatch of the first expedition of colonists
I'rom Sweden to the far-away shores of the De-
laware, their young and gallant king, now ac-
knowledged and hailed with universal acclaim
by the Protestants of Germany as the royal
ciiampion of their cause, was suddenly drawn
into the vortex of that memorable religious
conflict of European nations known as the
Thirty Years' AVar. All further i>roeeeding3
by the eomiiany and the government for the
founding of the colony on the Delaware were
interrupted and susjieuded for several years
after the fall of the enthusiastic young mc;--
arch at the battle of Lut/.en in Xovenibcr,
1(;;52. Ibit, as if forewarned by sonie ]ire
sentiment of his ajjproaching doom in tlie
great conflict in which he was about to en-
gage, Gustavus had ])repared in advance
a "last will and testament," containing par-
ticular instructions in relation to the
g\iardianship and education of his only
child and the heir to his crown, a young
and tender daughter named Christina. It was
ai'i'Ompanied by another jiaper, addres.sed to
his i>rinie minister. Chancellor Oxenstiern, a
man of great ability and virtue, as well as de-
votion to his king and country, enjoining upoji
him in anv event or coutingencv which might
befall him ]iersonally in the war, as a duty
not to abandon this great enternrise in which
he felt such a deep interest, but to see the
design of it fully carried into execution pur-
suant to the instructions laid down in the
pa]ier, and in acconlance with the views
which the king had often before comnnini-
cated to Oxenstiern on the sid)ject.

But was not until five years after the termi-
nation of the war in which Gustavus fell, that
the chancellor Avas prepared to entcsr upon the
(liK'harge of the grave duty thus enjoined upon
hiui. .After the death of Gustavus the govern-
iiMiit .'f Sweden had been vested in a council

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14 BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

of regency during tlic niiiiority of tlu! young tlic iUKspices of tlie Swcilisli govfrminMit.

queen, of wliicli the president was ( 'liaiicidlor Peter ,Minuit was in .several respects a re-

Oxenstiern, who was also one of iier giiaidians. iiiarkable man, and if tlie reader is desirous

of knowing more of liiiii, lie is respectfully

Peter Mknuit An-KAKs. ^^'"'''^^ *" **!'-* ^'''"l'^^?' ^^^}-''^\^]S tlds iutro-

iluctory sketch, wherein the l.iographies of

In the meantime William Pntdinex, the the governors are given,

dissatisfied man from Amsterdam, and ex- ( 'iiancellm- O.xensfiern was favorably im-

member of the Dutch \yest India Company, pressed l)y the manners, address and general

^^ho had been so successful in originating this intelligence of .Minuit, and particularly by his

rival Swedish comi)any, had also ]»assed away knowledge of the geography of the region, the

from the scene of his glory without knowing river Delaware, the soil, climate and resources

whether the scheme was to be succ.ssful or not. of the country, the character an<l relations of

And yet, strange to say, just about this time, the Indian tribes; he therefore esteemed him-

yhile Chancellor Oxenstu'ru was preparing to self fortunate in finding a man .so adndrably

in.-.titute active juvjceedings in the undertak- (lualified to till the responsible position of gov-

ing, another gentleman from Holland, of still ernor, and carry out the wishes of the deceased

greater eminence, an<l still better acquainted monarch. After taking .s(jme time to deliber-

with the affairs of the Dutch West India Com- ate he finally ajipointed :\rinuit .lirector gen-

1 any an<l their possessions in the New Xether- r ral of Xew Sweden, that name having already

lands, turns up in the ])lace of I'ncliucx at been conferred on the country designed to be

Stockholm and the court of Sweden. This settled under the charter and grant of the ccim-

pcrsonage also submits a plan for colonizing pany, and to be held and considered as an ap-

ihe western banks of the Delaware, under the ])endage to the crown and kin-di>ni of

charter of the Swedish West India (.'onq)any, Sweden.

and suggests his willingness to assume tlu; du-

ties and responsibilities of conducting their ^

first colony on the Delaware, as its .lirector Saii.ino of tuk Swedish Coi.oxv.

general, 'i'his distingtdshed Dutchman was no 1 he great question of founding the colony

other than Peter ^linuif. late dire<-t(ii' general Inning been settled, the next thing in order

of the Xew Netherlands umler the Dutch was to send out a boily of coloni-ts. When

^\'est India Conqiany at .Xew .Vmstenlani oi'gaiuzcd, the ex|)edition consisted of fifty per-

(New York), from 1G24 to K!.'!:?. He had, sons, properly provisioned and eipiipjied, who

of course, during that time become very well sailed from Sweden under the immediate coui-

acquainted with their possessions, on both the iiiand of Petei' .Minuit, in an arnmnil ship of

N^orth (Hudson) and South (Delaware) rivers, the navy and a transport. The .^hip wa- called

and their title and claims to the same. Peter the h'cij of Ctilnnir and its consoi't was named

^linuit knew all abmit the settlement of 1 )e the liird Griffin. They sailed in .Vugust,

A'ries' colony on the •'Ilooru Kill," was direc- 1(137, but did not reach the point of destina-

for geiu'ral and iiresident of the council of the tion until April, 1038. The voyage, therefore,

conq)any when the Indian delegation from the was long and tenq)estuous. A landing was

^illage there apjieared before it in Fort \m- made on the bay in the neighborhootl of what

sterdam in 1030, to acknowledge the sale of is now 1 ewes. Tiny called it the Piver of

the salt marsh from Cape lleidopen to the Xew Sweden and the point of land. Paradise,

mouth of the Delaware Ifivcr to the Dutch According to the History of Xew Sweden by

jiurchasers before mentioned; and was still in .\erelins, a |iiircliase of land wa- immediately

oflice and residing at Xew .Vmstenlani when made from the Indians, and it was determined

the coloni.sts were massacred by the e\as]K>rat- that all the land on the western side of the

cd Indians. He had, however, been removed river, from the jjoint called Ca|ie Inlopen,

from ottice by the Dutch aiitliorities for some (now 1 lenlorcn), up to the falls at Ti-entou,

cause in 1(132, ami naturally feeding some- and as miudi of tin- country inland as was

what incenseil, sought an opportunity to be ctded, should belong- to the Swedish crown for-

revenged for this nvatment by aiding in the ever. It shonhl be remend ered that King

foundation of an o])position co|,,iiy under Charles I. of Kngland hail already. In the year

v. • '.•' \<.^\u \1 \TAC.\J\

>Ut VI

STATE OP DELAWARE

15

1G34, upon representation made to liiin by
John Oxenstiei-n, at that time S\veili.sh aiu-
hassador in London, renounced, in favor of the
H\V('(K'S, all (daims and pretensions of the Kng-
li-li to that (•(Mintry, growinj;- out of tlie rights
of the first diseuverers. Jlence, wlien the
edlony landed, everything seemed to be settled
upon a tirm foundation, and all earnestness
was employed in the prosecution of the i)lans
for coloidziition. I'osts were (lri\en into the
ground and landmarks established. .V deed
was drawu up for the land thus pundiased.
'i'liis \va~ writti-n in l>ut(di, because no S\v(^(U^
\'. as yet aiile to interjiret tiie language of the
luatlien. J'he Indians subscriiicd their hands
and marks. The writing was sent home to
Sweden to lie jireserNTd in the royal archives.
A surveyor laid out tlii' land and made a map
td the wliole ri\er, witii its tributaries, islands,
and points, which, it is sai<h is still to be found
HI tlie royal ar<-hives in Sweden.

.\ltliougli it a]ipears that the Swedes imag-
ined tlicinxhcs the tirst e.s]ilorers of the
country, it seems strange that they could have
been deceived. DeVries' colony had preceded
tlcm and made a settlement near where they
(the Swedes) landed a few years afterwards.
That fact Peter Minuit certainly knew. This
apjiarent oblivion <'an only be exjilaiued upou
the tlnory that .Minuit, in his desire to head
oil' the Dntrh, iu retaliation for his ha\ing
been (li-iiii~~cd from their service as gov-
ernor of .\Cw .\m^t(^rdam, ke])t the Swedes
under hi- charge in utter ignorance of t!ie true
coiiililiiui of affairs, lie that as it nniy, tliis
encroachiuent ou the i)rior rights of the Dutidi
was the iicginniugof the dispute between them
and the Swedes which ended iu the e.xjjidsion
of the lattci' froui the Dcdaware 1)V armed
force.

T,AM)l.\(i .\T TUK RiX'KS.

.\fter 1-eniaining for some tinu' on wdiat they
termed "I'aradise," }\o\v known to be .Mis))il-
liou I'oiiit, the colonists re-embarked and pm-
< 1 ((led up the river to the mouth of the little
ri\"er now known as Christina. They ascended
this stream for some two nnles, and landed
upon its northern bank, on a firm and rocky
foundation, which they afterwards named
•'The Rock-." They gave the little river its
name, (liristina, in honor of the daughter of
llieir decca-icd mouareh, (iustavus Adobihus.

'1 he mime is chaste and sweet, beautifully ap-
])roijriate, and never will be changed as long
as this government shall endure.

When this little band of Swedes landed on
the rocky sliori' of the beautiful ri\(i-, which
had thnved for ages in its pristine purity, the
M-ene presented to their vision was one of wild,
yet enchanting, grandeur. The hills on wdiich
the fair city of Wilmington now stands were
heavily wooded, and their dcnsi; green f(diage
cast a darkening shadow over the water, while
the ri\er as it wound through luxuriant mead-
ows Hashed like a thread (d' silver and dazzled
the (ivcs of the fair-haired wanderers as they
gazed u])itn it in ecstacies of delight. Xaught
but the ri])pling of the stream and tlie songs
of the birds, as they flitted through the forests,
(lihturbe(l the S(ditU(le of nature. The foot of
a while man had never before troildcu these
hills. The stolid ^linuit, who had never gazed
u]iou sucdi an enchanting scene before, was
moved to raptures of delight, and thanked
()(id that this great privilege had been granted
him. Near by came another crystal stream
dashing o\cr granite rocks, and through dark
dcHles, whi(di united its waters wth the river
iiear where the little band of jiiouecrs had
east their lot and settled down to found homes
in the Xew \\'oild. ^'ears afterwards this
stream became noted for the power it furiush-
ed for manufacturing pni-poses, and the "■jrills
(d' the IJrandywim-"' obtained (-(.dcbrity in the
commercial world for the excellence of their
]ir()duct. But, owing to changed conditions
and the ad\am-euKiit of manufacturing skill
in ne\v lines, their wheels liave ceased to r( -
\"<d\'e, the buildings ha\c tumbled in ruins,
and long rows of ( 'oncstoga teams bearing the
golden gi'ain of the ('he-ter \'alley no longer
stand b(d"or(! them waiting their turn to be
uidoaded; but the sfi'eam still rolls on as
]irondly as it did when the Swedes gazed on it
iu raptures of delight two hundre(l and sixty
years ago.

1 his .settlement was the second nunle \vithin
the Hunts of the State of l")(daware, ami Le-
came in the s])ring of 1(1.']8 the feelile begin-
ning of what is now the beantif\d and thriving
city of AVilmington, with its 70. 000 iiduibi-
fants. Care has been taken to gi\c a minute
description of these -el llenients, <■> that the
I'cader may (dearly coinpi'chend the tinu', and
the circnnistances, under whi(di the beginning
(■{ the State of Delaware was made, llxcept-

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16

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ing tlicse two points, tlie whole peninsula was
a wild, the ouiy iuliahitants being roving bands
of Indians, and it continued in tliat condition
for some jenrs afterwards. The seltlenient at
'■J loom Kill'' (Lewes) having been wiped out
and not restored, the Christina settlement in
April, 1C3S, became the tirst jiermanent one
on the Delaware, and the niRdens, therefore,
of a large and wealthy population.

After ^Jinuit and his brave liand had suffi-
ciently rested from the fatigues of their long
Aoyage, and had resolved to settle where they
had lauded, the next thing in order was to erect
a fiirtification on 'The Kocks" for their ]>rotec-
tion, for they knew not what foes might be
lurking in the dense wilderness. The fort was
hastily constructed of logs. True, it was rude,
but it served the purpose for which it was in-
tended. It was named Christina, after tlie fair-
haired child of Sweden who was destined to
become a queen; whose girlhood was full of
sunshine and promise, but whose closing years
were marked with sorrow and gloom. Inside
this rude fortification Peter ^linuit, as director
general, took up his abode and administered
the afl'airs of the colony. Clustering around
it were temporary cabins, erecte<l for the ac-
conniKidation of the settlers, as they could not
all find quarters within the defensive work;
and with tliat energy and spirit of industry
which have always characterized ]ieo])le of
ihcir nationality, they set about clearing
l>atches of ground and preparing to raise grain
and vegetables for their sustenance. In fact
there was no other alternative; no sup]i!ics
could be obtained, save game and fish, in that
wild region, and they must either work or bo
reduced to the verge of starvation.

The Dutch Protest.

Peter ^linuit had not finished the construc-
tion of his fort when he received a protest from
the director general of New Amsterdam, who
denounced him as an intruder in Dutch terri-
tory, and warned him to desist from liis work.
A spirited controversy ensued. The Dutch
claimed the land on the west, as well as the
east, side of the Delaware. As Minuit neither
re])lied to nor heeded the warning of the Ditch
governor, the lattei- proceeded to repair and re-
garrison the Dutch fort called Nassau, on the
O])po<ite side of the river, in what U now New
Jersey, just below (Uoncester I'oint, and to

maintain it in a proper state of defence.
ilinuit was resolute and determined. He went
on about his business, carefully looking after
the infant colony which had been entrusted to
his care, not at all intimidated by the biiislor-
ings of the Dutch governor of New Amster-
dam.

In the mean time tiie Christina settlement
prospered, and slowly gained strength; but
strange as it may appear, when the inviting
nature of the country is considered, no settle-
ments by the Swedes were made below the
( 'iiristina creek or river. In time others were
niaile above, as far up as the mouth of the
Schuylkill, but i)rinci])ally in the vicinity of
Chester. This seems the more strange, inas-
much as the colonial authorities of New
Sweden claimed to have become entitled, by
I-urchase from the natives, to all the country
west of the Delaware from Cape Ilenlopen to
the falls of Trenton, and to have, therefore,
rightful dominion over it.

Uev. Dr. Cort, in his memorial address at
Do\'er, on the occasion of commemorating the
services of Peter ]\[inuit in founding this
colony, takes the ground that he is entitled to
tlie credit of being the founder of civil govern-
ment on ]\Ianhattan Island. And Justin AVin-
i-or states in his Critical History of America,
that ]\Iinuit nuist be considered the first
founder of the present State of New York.
He was also the founder and first governor of
New Sweden on the Delaware. The policy of
fair dealing with the Indians, begun on the
Hudson by .Mimiit in 1G2G, was continued on
the Delaware in IGoS; and it is to his everlast-
ing credit that the same policy of peace and
Christian generosity was carried out in good
faith to the end of his career. The treaty
f(_)rmed with the five Iroquois chiefs on the
ground where AVilmington stands was never
broken by either of the contracting parties.
"Forty-four years before William Penn
formed his famous treaty with the Indians
under the elm tree at Shackamaxon," says Dr.
Cort, "Peter ]\[inuit made his treaty with
]\fi-tat-sim-int and four other Iroquois chiefs at
Minquas Kill, purchasing, in fee siini)le, the
Ktiil of our Commonwealth | Delaware] and
a large part of Pennsylvania, including the
very site on which stands the m(>tro])olis of the
ICeystone Commonwealth." This treaty bore
the date of 'Ararch 2S, lOHS, and as Dr. Cort
savs, "ought to be commemorated annually by

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STATE OF DELAWARE

17

IJiiti'iutic 1 U'hnvaroaiis as the birthday of our
Christian (.'ouimonwealth."

The aJininistration of ilinuit on the Dela-
ware lasted less thau three years, but it was
marked by wisiloni, courage aud Christian de-
c-oniin. J lis sad death, while c>n a voyage for
eoiiimercial purposes to the AVest Indies, will
be found described in the chapter on the gov-
ernors. In eulogizing the character of Minuit,
I\ev. Dr. Port closes liis address with the fol-
lowing tribute to his nienior}': "It was also
part of ^linuit's original plan to settle Florida
with Protestant colonists, and luake a bold on-
slaught u])on S]ianisli commerce in the South
Fea. He secnK-cl an.xious to avenge and rectify
the wrongs perpetrated by the Idoodtliirsty and
perlidioiis Spaniard, Menendez, in 15Gj, when
lie butcliorcd in cold blood, on the coast of
Flori<la, in time of peace, John Uibault, the
grand mariner of France, and his five hundred
shipwrecked colleagues, because they refused
to renounce their Iieformed faith and swear al-
legiance to the Pope. It was his ambition and
iiope to establish an asylum for Keformed
Christians in that land of flowers, as the great
Admiral ( "oligny had striven to do seventy
odd years before, when he foresaw the future
hoi-rm-s of religious persecution about to de-;i>-
late the sunny fields of France. Spain and
Austria, the worst foes of civil and religious
liberty, were devastating the Protestant homes
of I'urope, and Minuit felt that a bold attack
upon Spanish commerce would be a service to
humanity and well pleasing to God. It is use-
h ss to conjecture what might have been the
outcome of such a policy. But only a man
of heroic mould could have cherished it with
the resources at command which Peter ]\linuit
{)ossessed. His policy was to cultivate friendly
relations with the Dutch in New Netherlands
and along the east bank of the Delaware, as
well as with the English in Virginia and other
Nortli American colonies. All the Protestant
sections he felt ought to combine against the
common enemy, the despotic and perfidious
Spaniards, as the best people of Euro])e had
done during the Thirty Years' "War under
Ciustavus Adulphus and other leaders."

lli< religious views were of a high, lofty
order. Ae(>ording to a WTiter of some distinc-
tifin it \\a> his intention to bring over from his
native land, along the Khine, a better class of
colonists than governmental conscription could
jiroiMU'c in Sweclon. 'i'he sturdy religious re-

fugees, the very cream of Europe, W(juld have
been transj)lanted in numbers sufficient to pre-
vent any such conquest of New Sweden as
afterwai'ds took jdace by Governor Stuyvesant
in KiTiS. Put the best formed jilans of men
are often frustrated by the stern decree of God.
After the death of Peter ilinuit, the gover-
norr-hip of the cohmy devolved on Peter llol-
lender, or Hollendare, as it is sometimes writ-
ten. He was commissioned in 1040, and ar-
lived with fresh immigrants just as the set-
tlement was about breaking up. Harassed by
ihe Dutch, and subjected to much suffering
on account of maintaining themselves in a
wild and iidiospitable country, the colonists
were often sorely discouraged and sighed to
be again in their native land. But the new
governor endeavored to encourage the people
he found on the Christina, and to some ex-
tent succeeded. His administration, however,
was of short duration. After a residence of
about a year and a half, he returned to Sweden
and never came back. ^lore discouragements
followed, 'ilie settlers felt at times that they
had been abandoned, but, putting their trust
in (Jod, they submitted to the privations which
surrounded them with a courage and a devo-
tion whiidi ajipear sublime, when we contem-
)ilate their sad and lonely condition, in a land
far from home, and without any of the com-
forts of life to which they had been acciis-
tomed.

Arrival of Printz.

The new governor, John Printz, who as-
sumed the direction of the colony in 1043,
was a i-emarkable man in niany rcsjtects. Pos-
sessed of a strong mind, and courageous to a
high degree, he exhibited no fear of the ra-
])aeious Dutch of New Amsterdam, who were
continually on the alert to harass the Dela-
ware Colony. Printz, according to the ac-
counts that have coine down to us, was a man
</f great ]iliysical size, but with his avoirdu-
jiois he united a mind of considerable execu-
tive ability, and a strong sense of the import-
ance of his position. He was bluff in his man-
ners, inclined to be ii'aseible when crossed in
liis ))ur|io-es, but withal open hearted and
i-ymiiatheiic. H is learned from Acrelius
that he bad a grant of four hundred lix dol-
lars for his traveling exjienses, and one thou-
sand two Innidrdl dollai'- silv.'r as lii- annual

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,M:.f./

IS

BJOGRA PHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

salary. Tlie Company was invested with the
exclusive privilege of importing tubaeeu into
Sweden, although that article was even then
regarded as unnecessary and injurious; it
wa-i, nevertheless, considered indispensable
biuce the estahlishiiient of ilic lad lialiit of its
u.~c. V\H)n the same occasion was also sent
out ]\Iagister John C'ompanius Holm, who
was called by their excellencies, the Itoyal
Council and Admiral Claes Flemming, to lie-
coiue the Government chaplain, and watch
over the Swedish congregatiim on the Dela-
ware.

The ship on which (iovcrnor I'rintz sailed
was called the Faiaa. It was acc-onipaiiicd by
two other ships of the line, the S'Waii and the
Cliarihts, lackMi with people and supplies.
During Printz's administration, ships came to
the colony at three different times. The first
that came was the Black Cat, with amnuini-
tion and merchandise for the Indians, 'i'he
next was the Sivan, on a second voyage, with
emigrants, in 1C47. Afterwards came two
other ships, the Key and the Lamp. During
these times the cdergyman, Lawrence Charles
l.ockenins, and Isracd Ilidgh, were sent out to
a;-sist in caring for the spiritual welfare of the
j'eojile.

Governor Printz received elaborate instruc-
tions from Queen Christina, in which his du-
ties in the colony were pointe<l out with yreat
exactness; he was especially reminded that the
boundaries of the country of which ])osses-
sion had been taken, extended from ( 'ape Ilen-
lo]ien to where Fort Christina was built, and
tlience np the river to a place which the In-
dians called Sank-i-kans, now known as the
Falls of Trenton. This point was the extreme
northern limit of New Sweden, and was about
ninety miles from Cape Ilenlopcn. lie was
also informed that in IG-tl several English
families, proliably ninnbering sixty persons,
had settled and begun to cultivate the land on
the eastern side of the river, in New Jersey,
but as this land was claimed bv the crown of
Sweden he (the governor) was instructed to
cultivate friendly relations with them and
draw them under his control. He was in-
formed that the Holland AVest India Com-
Ijnny would, no doubt, seek to control this
tract of land, which extended from Cape ifay
to what is now known as Raccoon Creek.
They had built a fort called Xa>-aw, which
was manned bv about twentv men. It stood

near, or on, Gloucester Point. AVhence the
Knglish colony came is not clearly estab-
lished, but they are supposed to have been
s(piatters from Connecticiit, and to have after-
wards settled on the Schuylkill.

(iovernor Printz was also instructed to
treat the Indian tribes with whom he should
ccnue in c'ontact with humanity and respect,
and see that no violence or injustice was done
them; and that pains should be taken to in-
struct them in the truths and worship of the
t 'hristian religion, and induce them gradually
lo become civilized. It was especially i-njoined
ujion him to gain their confidence and impress
upon their minds that neither he nor his Jjco-
ple aucl sub(rnliiiales were come into their
midst Uj do them any wrong or injury, but
much more for the purpo.se of furnishing them
with such things as they might need for the
(irdinary wants of life, and s'o also for such
things as were found among them, which they
themselves could make for their own use, or
buy or excliaiige. He was aho to see that ia
trading with the Indians the Swedes should
charge them a less jirice than they were in the
habit of paying to the Hollanders at Fort Nas-
sau for similar articles, so that the "wild peo-
ple," as the (^ucen termed them, might be
drawn away from them and trade with her
peoiile. 'i'his was a shrewd suggestion made
fiom a luu-iness point of view, and shows that
the young (|Ueen was not unmindful of the
iidvantagrs tci le gaineil by ii\u>uiiig such a
course.

It was left to the (lo\-ernor's optimi, either
to pro\i(le and choose a jilace of ri-.-ideuce, or
to occupy the dwelling in Christina which had
been occupied by his predecessors. He was
also instructed to provide a suitable place for a
fort, either at "Hinlopen" or on an inland in
the river; but if he found Fort Christina would
suffice, then he was to put it in good order. At-
tention was to be directed to agriculture, and
the raising of tobacco was to be made a spe-
cialty. He was to have careful search made
e\(rywliere for precious metals, and if any
were discovered was to give information at
once to the home government, and to await i
instructions. The peltry trade was to be dili-
gently looked after, with precautions against
fraud. This trade was to be carried on only
by licensed traders, ai)i)ointed in the name of
the whole companv, who were to be jiaid es-
tiibli>lie(l couiniis-inus.

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STATJ'] OF DELAWARE

!'.>

It was suggested that salt works iniglit be
f■stallli^^llC(l oil the sea coast. But if salt could
not I'l- proiicrly made by the process of evapor-
ation ill the heat of the sun, salt water might
he hroiight to such a grade that it could at'iiT-
wards he perfectly coudcnjed by means of hrc
without great labor or expense. This the
governor was to consider, and make such cx-
ptrlments as might bo required to determine
the best jirocess, and then put it into practical
operation. Out of the abundant forests, the
Ciovernor was ordered to e.xamine and deter-
mine what i)rotit might be derived from oak
and walnut tree-, and whether a good (|ualily
of this timher might be shipped to Sweden as
ballast. lie Was also instructed to ascertain
whether oil might not be advautageou>ly ex-
]iresscd without walnuts.

It was also to be ascertained how and where
fi>lieiie- might be most ]irolitably establishe 1;
t^]lecially at what season of the year the whole
tii-hing hiisiness could be most advantageously
]ini~ecntcd ill the lower hay. 'I'lu' go\crnor
was to investigate earefiilly, and ie|iort
to the home government, whether the busi-
ness couM be made profitable. This bu-iness,
it will lie remembered, had been tried hy l)e
\'ries near Lewes, but proveil a failure and
was abaudoiieil. The governor was also in-
structed to make careful inquiry in regard to
the fo(id and I'onvenience for keejiing a large
iiiiml er of silk worms, and whether the man-
ufacture of silk could be started in the new
coimlry. broiu this it will appear lliat silk
Worm ( iilfurc was not a new thing in those
early day-, and the fact that an attemiit was
iiiaile to engage in it (Ui a large scale in the
same country nearly two hundred years after-
wards, only goes to sho\v that "fails,'" like liis-
torv, often repeat themselves.

.Much was left to the discretion tif the gov-
ernor. At tirst, and until matters cmild be
brought into a better form, he was authorized
to use his own seal, but in a somewhat larger
form ill briefs, contracts, correspondence, and
other written documents of a public character.
lie was authorized to decide all matters of con-
troversy which might arise, according to Swed-
ish law, eiistom and usage, lie was also to
have power, through the necessary and projier
means of compulsion, to bring to obedience
and a quiet life the turbulent and disorderly,
and especially u])on gross ott'enders he couM
inflict ]iunishnients according to the grade ol

the crime, by imprisonment, or even by the
Infliction of tiie death penalty, lint in the im-
position of so grave a penalty, he was ordered
not to depart from the usual manner, and to
give the case proper hearing and cousiileration,
with the assistance and concurrence of the
most prudent associate judgi's that he could se-
cure.

Governor Trintz, therefore, was the first
man to hold court, try offenders, and adminis-
ter justice in what is now the territory of the
State of Delaware. lie was the president
judiic, the suiiivme ruler and administrator
of the colony. At this late day, considering
the power with which he was clothed, how in-
teresting it would 1 e if we could consult the
records of his court. But that privilege is de-
nied us, even if records were kept, for they
have doubtless long since perished. His court
was first held at Fort Christina; afterwards at
his famous hall, which he established on Tini-
cuiu Lsland, in the Delaware Kiver. Oousiiler-
ing that he was invested with so much power,
even to the taking of human life, it is not to
he wondered at that in time there came to be
imich frietion in the colony, and that the gov-
ernor's enemies never let pass an opportunity
to denounce him for his haughty and im-
jierious manners. Indeed there is reason for
believing that at times the c.doni-ts would
have revolted if they could have seen any way
of bettering their condition. Hut they were
hel[)less a,nd had to submit to their aut'K-ratic
master.

'i'he letter of instruction (dosed by saying
that "above all things" the Governor must
"consider and see t.j it that a tru," and due
worship, bec<iming boii<n-, laud and praise be
]iaid to the IMost High God in all things, and to
that end all proper care shall be taken thatdi-
^ ine service be zealously performed according
to the unaltered Augsburg Confe.-^sion,^ the
Council of rpsala, and the cereniouics of the
Swedish Church; and all persons, but espe-
cially the young, shall he <luly instructed in
the articles of their Christian faith; and all
good idiurch disciidiue shall in like manner
he duly exercised and received." But so far
as relates to the ifolland colonists that might
live and settle under the Swedish government,
(iovernor Printz was instructed not to disturb
them in the indulgence of their religious faith;
tliey might confoi-m to the rites of the He-
formed ( 'hiirch.

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. . .III.)

2U

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA-

][aviiig received his instructions, and every-
thing being in readiness, Printz and liis colon-
ists sailed from Stockholm August 10, 1U42,
and landed safe at Fort Christina February 15,
lUiy. The voyage was long and tedious,
compared with the voj'ages of to-day, but noth-
ing imusual occurred and we infer that the
health of the emigrants was fairly good. Part
of them belonged to a trading company pro-
vided with a charter, and were to receive
monthly wages for their servicer. Some, how-
ever, came of their own accord to try their for-
tune in the new country. And they were free
to settle and live in the country as long as tliey
pleased, or to leavi' it at tlieir jjleasure. 'i"he
latter were, by way of distim-tion, called free-
men. At first malefactors and vicious subjcti
were sent over, who were used as slaves in the
work upon the fortifications. They were kept
in ciiains and not allowed to have intercourse
witii the other settlers ;ji separate place of
abode was assigned to them. The result was
that the respectable colonists became gi'catly
dissatisfied that such characters should be fcjist-
ed upon them, and remonstrated in strong
terms. "When Governor I'ritz took charge of
the affairs of the colony, his attention was
called to this matter, and to his credit he took
measures to break up the practice at once.
'Iherefore, when any vessel ajipeared bearing
such characters, they were not j)ermitted to
Ect foot on shore, l)Ut the cajitain of the vessel
was forced to carry them away again. Where-
U]>on,says.\crelius, a great many of tliem dietl
during the voyage or perished in some other
way. Afterwards it was forbidden in Sweden,
under a ])eiialty, to take for the American voy-
age any persons of bad fame, nor was there
ever any lack of good people for the Colony.
]rad so good a law prevailed in after years
when the Fnglish rule was established over
the colony, it would have been better for the
country.

Having taken time during his stay at Fort
Christina to survey the country, ascertain the
condition of tlie settlement, organize his gov-
ernment, and consider what was best tn be
done, (lovernor Printz decided to establish hi-;
ii('ad(]uarters on Tiuicum Island. Acrelius no-
where states how long the Governor resided at
the fort, but it must have been for several
months, for it must have taken some time to
-erect the necessary buildings on the i-huul and
have them in readiness to transfer tlie seat of

government of New Sweden thither.
Why Printz should have selected au
island in the Delaware Itiver for his
official residence has never been sat-
isfactorily explained. It has been said that
tiie choice was made in order to be as near Fort
Nassau as possible, and to be in a position more
easily to intercept vessels that might attempt
to ascend the river. Others have insinuated
that the burly governor thought it would be a
place of greater safety in time of danger from
the Indians and other foes. Be that as it may,
a fort was built on the island, and provided
with a considerable armament. His place of
residence, which was of j)retentious appear-
ance, was surrounded with charming grounds;
a pleasure house was erected, orchards were
planted, and everything done that would make
it attractive and beautiful. And as if to im-
part a greater air of dignity to tlie place, the
Governor named it Printz Ilall. Prominent
freemen who accompanied him, were allowed
to erect residences on the island also. Some of
these residents doubtless were ofiicers of his
court and a.ssisted in the administration of jus-
tice. In close proximity to the settlement a
handsome wooden church was built, which was
<ledicated with appropriate ceremonies con-
ducted by Companius.

Friction Between Goveexors.

In the meantime friction between the
Swedes and tlie Dutch was gradually increas-
ing. Stuyvesant was in conuaaud at iS'ew Am-
sterdam and seized every opjiortunity to harass
and annoy Printz. The Swedes were looked
iipon as intruders, or squatters, on the lamls
along the river, and the Dutch determined to
\a\ g them under subjection or drive them
away. The latter claimed to have purchased
the country first from tlie Indians; the Swedes
claimed that their purchase embraced the
country as far west as the Susquehanna river.
The contention therefore was based on the pri-
(irity of right by purchase.

Printz commanded the river with his little
fort on Tinicum Island and prevented the
Dutch from ascending. This so annoyed Stuy-
\esant that he resolved on a new plan to cir-
cumvent the wily Swede. He organized a
<ompany, with in.structions to make a settle-
ment at what is now known as New Castle.
This was done, and a defensive work erected

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STATE OF l)ELA]\'AUE

•21

wliicli was called Fort Cassiiuer. It is said to
have stood on a point of laud jutting into the
river, but the site, during the long time that
has elajised sinee its erection, has been almost
entirely \vashed away by the action of the
water. This was in the year 1G51. It was
garrisoned by a force suflicient to hold it
against the attacks of the Swedes. A few
Dutch settlers clustered around the fortitica-
tion and it l)ecame from that date the third
Christian or civilized settlement within what
was destined to become the State of Delaware.
It was a bold stroke on the part of the Dutch,
and gave Governor Printz a great deal of un-
easiness. And in order still further to itrength-
eu the foutli<dd that had been gained on the
Swedish side of the river, Governor Stuyves-
ant abandoned Fort Nassau on the Xew Jersey
shore, and removed the garrison, with its mun-
itions of war, to Fort Cassimcr. Only meagre
accounts of the siege and struggle of this fort
have been preserved. It mounted a, few can-
non, and served as a menace to Swedish ships
attempting to ascend the river, which were
commanded to stop and submit to be seai'chcd.
'Jhis was very humiliating to the proud occu-
pant of I'rintz Ilall, a few miles above; but as
he had played the same game at his stronghold,
he could only chafe when quailing the bitter
cup which he had so imperiously placed at the
lips of others.

At this time all the vast plain surrounding
Fort Cassimer was covered with a heavy
growth of timber; in a word, it was a dense
wilderness, through which roamed game in
abtindanco. 'J"he Indians, with amazement
depicted on their countenances, came forth
occasionally from the solitudes of the forest
to gaze upon the new comers as they toiled at
their work. They could not clearly compre-
hend what the mission of the pale-faces was,
but they did not interfere with them. That
they were peacefully incdincd was doubtless
true, for no authenticated accounts of Indian
outrages at that time have been handed down.
"When we compare the condition of the
country as it was then with that of the present
day, we can scarcely comprehend the mighty
changes that have been wrought. Ilighl}- cul-
tivated farms dot the landscape; charming
houses, the abode of a refined and cultured
people, are noted on every hand; while the evi-
dences of prosperity and thrift meet us at
every turn. Time works wondrous change; ;

and it must be remembered that two hundred
and fifty years have rolled away since the
sturdy Hollanders and the fair-haired Swedes
struggled for the privilege of founding homes
in this far-away land.

The aggressive policy of the Dutch became
alarming to Printz. lie felt that a greater
jiowcr than he could resist was arrayed against
him. On his early representations, the West
India Company of Sweden had formally pro-
tested against the proceedings of Stnyvesant,
b\it nothing was done to relieve him. Tlie
apathy of the home government may be ex-
plained on the ground that the business of the
colony had not proved as profitable as had
been e.xpecfed. Ciovernor Printz had not for
a lung time heard from home. j\Iessages had
been dispatched to Sweden with instructions
to lay a statement of atfairs before the queen,
but no answer was received. The re-inforce-
ments he had asked for were delayed until his
hoiie turned into despair. The Indians were
bcciiming restive and were no longer to be re-
lied on. So long as the colonists had every-
thing they wanted all went well; but now the
tnisettlcd condition of affairs was causing dis-
content, and miirmurings were frequently"
heard. The governor was failing into dis-
favor with his people. lie had been a rigor-
ous and austere ruler. Finally, realizing that
his days of usefulness were over, he resolved
to resign, leave the colony, and report the true
condition of affairs in person at the court of
Sweden. He therefore appointed his son-in-
law .John Papegoija, vice-governor, and in
lGa2 sailed away, never to return. He had
served as governor from 1GI3 to 1051, a
period of over ten years, and had come to be
recognized as the monarch of Tinicum.

His son-in-law did not remain very long in
authority', for in lC5i the ship Eaole arrived
from Sweden, lieaiing a new governor in the
person of John Claudius Pising, who was in-
vested with the title of Director General of
Xew Sweden, and for a brief time exercised
authoritv in the Colony.

Fort Cassimer CApruifED.

For some time previous to the departure
of I'rintz, both the Dutch and the Swedes had
entertained serious apprehensions of the de-
signs of the ]"^nglisli upon the whole territory.
I'hey realized that while they were quarrel-

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22

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ing about tlie right of possession on tiie Dela-
ware, there was dangers ot tliis stronger power
pouneing upon tiieni and seizing tlie wliole ter-
ritory. ]kising's oiticial instrnetio:is, therefore,
partieuhirly :idnuiiiishe<i liiui to jiroeeeil in his
aduunistration of affairs in -\ew Sweden wilh
tlie utmost prudeuee and eircumspeetion, and
to avoid hy all means any lireaeh of fi'iendship
Avith either the Duteli or the Juiglish; a breaeh
with the former might afford tlie latter an op-
jiortunity to seize Fort C'assinier, atul it was
better for the Swedes that it should continue
in the possession of the Duteli than fall into
the hands of their more powerful and danger-
ous neighbors in that eountry.

On the faec of his instructions he was to
employ every peaceable method in his jiower,
without resorting to any hostile act to induce
the Dutch to abandon Fort C'assinier to the
I'-nglisli. But his actions show that he bore
secret instructions.

J\ising sailed from Swevlen in an armed
shij), with military oHicers and troops and set-
tlers on board, amounting in all to some two
hundred and tifty men, and arrived in the Del-
aware in the latter part of May, U).j4. On ap-
jiroaching Fort (ja?simer the ship was preji.irc I
for action, and rounding to oj)poslte the fort,
tired a salute and signaled it to send an otKcer
on board, which was soon done by the coni-
niandant of the fort. On his arrival on board
Kising informed him who he was, and at once
ilemanded the surrender of the fort, as it stood
on Swedish gnuind, and with it the liver also
as a part of their possessions. Without secret
instructions to this effect, it is not likely that
he wouhl have acted in such a summary man-
ner.

When the Dutch officer heard the demand
he was stujietied with amazement, but on re-
i overing his self-possession, he ordered his
boat's crew to row him ashort' for instructions.
The ofKccr not returning as soon as it was sup-
jtosed he should, IJisiiig feared treachery, and
became imi)atieiit; Init upon retlection he de-
cided to wait for an answer until morning.
>ioiie Inning been received at that time he
landed a military force, marched on the fort,
stormed and seized it without resistance, at the
point of the bayonet, lie did not propose to
take any pri.soners of war, as none had been
declared, or any intimation given of his hostile
intentions previous to the demand for the sur-
render of th(^ works; he therefore disarmed

the garrison and chased them out at the jwint
of the bayonet, then took possession of the
fort and garrisoned it with a detail of his own
men.

1 he 1 )iitch, it is believed, were so frightened
on hearing the demaml of the Swedish (iover-
nor that they did not know what to do. And
as ihcir {^n-vr was .-mall, and the foi't in poor
condition to make any show of resi.-,tancc, they
ke]it on dclilieratiiig until the fatal moment
arrived, and they wrrv driven out like defence-
less school boys. What the armament of the
fort M-as we are not informed, but it eould not
have been sulHcient, as (lovernor Ki.-ing soon
after the cajiture proceede.l to enlarge and
strengthen it. As if entirely to efface the iden-
tify cd' the fort, he named it and the -.ettlenieiit
wliich had grown u]> an^iiid it, Xew Amstel.
"What became of the e.xjielled garri-on we are
not informed, but they probably took refuge
among the settleivs, and soon afterwards made
their way to the other Dutch settlements.

Rising, evidently, was greatly elated over
his victory, anil as a titling coiielnsi(jii and by
way of snrpri-e, no donbr, he imme liately
liM'warded a letter to (lovernor Stuyve~aut, at
>s'ew .\in^terdam, announcing his brilliant
achievement on the Delaware, and informing
him that he could have no further communica-
tion with him on the .subject, and that any dis-
cussion or negotiation in ri'gard to the matter
nnist be referred to their respective sovereigns.
As Ifising's letter was the first information
Stuyvcsant had received of the fall of Fort
< 'a->imer. one <-an imagine how surprised and
indignant the doughty warrior of Xew Am-
sterdam mn-t have beeij. .Voted for his e\-
eitalile tenipi'i-ament, it requires no streteli of
rile iniaginatinii to picture the Dutch governor
stamjiing around on his wooden leg and tear-
ing his hair, while the -eery air of the fort
^eemed charged with the fumes of sul]>linr, as
he hurled defiant e.xjiletivcs at the head of the
new Swedish governor.

Soon after the capture of Fort Cassimer and
the placing of a garrison therein (ioveriior
Hi.siiig sailed up the river to Fort Christina,
where he landed and took up his permanent
residence in the same liou.se once occupied by
I'eter Minuit. The original settlement, there-
fore, became for the second time the otlieial
headquarters and seat of governinent of .Vi'w
Sweden. The name of Cassimer was changed

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• ' ■.■ 1

STATE OF DKLAWAL'E

23

to Fort Trinity and new conditions took tlie
jijiu'c of the old.

Wlicn the fall of Fort C'assimor was report-
ed to tlie llolhmd authorities there was natur-
jilly much txcitenicnt in tiiat country. 'I'lie
1mp1(1 and aiiiire<sive action of Rising left no
other altcinative to the Dutch authorities than
a resort to arms, to settle the long existing cou-
(rovcrsy lietwcen the two countries by the
swoi-(l. 'IIh' capture of I'"'ort (^ussimer, the
jiniund on which it was built having been pur-
<lia>c(l iiy the Holland Comjiany July 19,
li;.". 1, wa> Udt only an insult, l»it tantamount
til a (U'claration of war, and popular sentiment
<l<niaiidcil that it should be recovered.

(io\(riinr Stuyvesant was ordered iu due
time to jirepare to retake the fort and reduce
the Swedish settlements on the Delawiire to
obedience to the authority of New Xethcr-
lands; he was authorized to use whatever force
he might deem necessary, and directed to act
as ipiickly as ])ossible. In the meantime cor-
responding ])reparations were made for the
cmt'igency by the company in Holland. So
l;ii:h (lid the fever run that recruiting stations
v'cre opened in the city of Amsterdam, drums
were beaten, and every effort was nmde to in-
duce men to enlist for the great war that had
broken out between the Dutch and Swedes
in America. Accounts state that Dutchmen
were excited everywhere and the war feeding
ran high. Delaware was at stake, and moth-
ing short of the complete subjugation and c(in-
tjuest of New Sweden woidd satisfy the uni-
vei-sal expectation. AVhile all the ujiroar was
going on, it ihx'S not appear that any effort
wa- made by Sweden to strengthen h<'r colon-
n-^ on the Delaware, or put her forts in order
to reiiel the proposed invasion. (Jovernor
liising appears to have been content to rest on
lii.-. laurel-, and quietly enjoy the fruits of his
victory. If reinforcements could have been
tectired, it seems strange that no efforts were
made to obtain them, for Kising must have
known what was being done. If he did not
at least sus)iect that an attem])t would be made
to reco\-er what had been lost by the Dutcdi,
lie mu.st have been more than ordinarily ob-
tuse.

(lovernor Stuyvesant, who prided himself
on hi> militarv training, could not reconcile
liiuiself to the insult that he bad received from
tlie wily Swede, wbo bad stolen into the Dila-
ware and captured Fort (""assimer without fir

ing a gun. \\'orst of all was the affront put
upon him by the curt letter informing him of
what had been dc^ie; this was more than he
could endure. That an old soldier who had
lost a leg in battle should be subjected to such
an indignity was unbearable, and he longed
lor the ojiportunity to surprise Kising in re-
turn.

Stuyvesant hastened his preparations, ob-
serxing, h<nvever, the greatest secrecy. His
]Kiints of attack were New Amstel, late Fort
Cassimer, and Fort t'hristina, neither of
whi(di contained a garrison of m<jre than thirty
or foit\ men. The nnlitarv force at the Dutch
goveriiorV command tpiite ecpialU'd in num-
bers the entire ])opulation of the Swedish set-
tlements on the Delaware, women and chil-
dren included. Yet he conducted his prepara-
tions for nearly one year with so much care,
1 rudence and secrecy that IJising had no in-
tinnition of them, except from the hints of
friendly Indians, towards the last. These In-
dians, it .seemed, knew more than he diil, but
he did not heed their warnings. He never
imagined for a moment that Stuyvesant, if ho
really contem])lated a movement, hail any-
thing more in view than the recapture of I'ort
Cassimer and the country below.

The Dutidi West India (!om]>any had prom-
i.-ed Stuyvesant as>i--tance iu vcs-ejs, annnuni-
tion and siddiers from Holland, and had di-
rected him to impress into his service, at their
e\]iense, any vesscds in the New Netherlands
that the occasion niiuht recjuire; they had al-
ready sent over to .\ew Amsterdam one man-
oi'-war and two other ships, with men and am-
niunition. In the meantime Stuyvesant had
by ]iersnasi\e oti't-rs and impressment added
four other vessels to his fleet, among them be-
ing a French jjrivateer, which had been hov-
ering on the coast for the purpose of preying
on the commerce of any nation that was at
war with France. With this squadron, for-
midable for the tinie<, Stuyvesant found him-
self in readiness to set forth on his expedition.
It consisted of seven vessels, and carried be-
tween >ix and seven hundred men. A start
was maih^ Se|iteudier '>, lt5.'>.">. and as the
Kpiadmn sailed down the bay and pa.sscd out
into the ocean it prc-entetl a brave and war-
like ajipearance. Filtering the capes of the
Delaware in due season, rommodoro Stuyve-
sant spent several days in marshaling an<l ar-
ranging bis fleet jirciiaratory to landing his

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24

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

men in sections, witli tlieir proper ufiicers,
when they should arrive off the fort of the
Swedes.

At last Governor Rising had Leconie aware
of the force tliat was approaching, and hastily
set to work to prepare Fort New Anistcl for
the impending conflict. He ordered the otHcer
in charge not to allow the licet to pass, if he
could prevent it, and by all means to lire upon
it. Both orders were disobeyed, whether
through fear, or from want of a clear under-
standing of them, is unknown. The Hcet,
when it hove in sight, quietly passed the fort,
which made no attempt to arrest it, and camo
to anchor above it, out of the reach of its guns.
So quiet a reception must have been a sur-
prise to Stuyvesant, after all his warlike
preparations, llis next move was to summon
the fort to surrender, but the commandant
not complying with his order, he landed
all his troops out of reach of cannon shot, and
then proceeded to invest Fort Now Amstcl by
jiosting a detachment about five miles otf to
watch Fort Christina, and another somewhat
nearer to cut off any reinforcement or relief
from that quarter. The brave Dutchman
then commenced digging trenches and throw-
ing up embankments in order to enable his
forces to get near enough to the fort to fire
upon its log walls with safety. This accom-
plished, Stuyvesant repeated his demand for
the surrender of the fort, and at last perem-
torily accompanied with a fierce threat to open
his guns upon it, if his demand was not in-
stantly comjilied with. 'Jlie Swedish olHcer
saw no alternative, and to prevent further
waste of time concluded to surrender. Ac-
cordingly he capitulated on favorable terms,
without any one being hurt on cither side,
and New Sweden was already half conquered.
I'he surrender took place September IG, 1G55,
which shows that over two weeks were con-
sumed in military operations before the end
came. The commander of the fort was named
Sven Schute, and his surrender was severely
condemned by Governor Rising, who thought
that he should have made some show of re-
sistance. But the excuse was that necessity
knows no law. According to the articles of
capitulation, as given by Acrelius, liberty was
given to the commander of the fort to take
back to Sweden the cannon which belonged
to the crown, consisting of four irun guns of
fourteen pounds, and five field jiicccs. lie

was permitted to march out with liis twelve-
men fully armed, as his life guard, and with
the tlags of the crown; the others with their
side arms only. The muskets were to stand to
the connnandant's account, and were to re-
main in the fort until he took them away, or-
sent an order for them. The commandant
was to be secure in his personal and individ-
ual property, either to take it away or let it
remain until further orders. The same was
the case with the property of the other officers.
Considering the bluster that had been in-
dulged in by Stuyvesant, the terms of capitu-
lation could not be regarded as severe.

Fort Cjiiustina T.\ken.

1'he next movement of Stuyvesant was di-
rected against Fort Christina. He ordered
his armed ship and tlie French privateer to
anchor in Christina Creek, and to be in such
a position that they could rake the fort witli
their guns if any hostile movement should be
detected. Twelve days were then spent in in-
vesting the fort, and in erecting a number of
batteries in commanding jiositions. These bat-
teries mounted, all together, about twenty
guns, independent of those on the armed
ships, and were formidable enough to reduce
a defensive work much stronger than the
humble Swedish fort. All things being in
nadiness, (lovernor Stuyvesant made a for-
mal demand for the surrender of the fort,
which was qiuckly responded to by Governor
Rising's yielding to the demand, and as in tho
case of Fort Amstel, the exchange of masters
was accomplished without the firing of a gun
or the injury of a single man. The tables were-
now completely turned. Stuyvesant was mas-
ter of the Swedish settlements on the Dela-
ware, and the flag of Holland floated over their
forts.

'J'ho terms of capitulation entered into be-
tween tliese two distinguished officers were
marked with that military courtesy which usu-
ally prevails on sucdi occasions. The pream-
ble to the articles set forth that the "capitula-
tion was made between the brave and noble
Director, John Rising, Governor of New Swe-
den, on the one .side, and the brave and noble
Dii'cctor, Peter Stuyvesant, Governor General
of New Netherlands, on the other side." In
the use of the high sounding titles applied to
each of the contracting parties, one cannot but

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Hf/^nr^^^frtft

STATE OF DKLAWAUE

•27

imagine a tinge of sly irony in tlieir appliea-
lii.n, Lilt tlifv were evidently inade iu good
laiili ;;iiil in arcunlance with the custom of the
tiiiu's.

i'lie terms of sairrcnder were siniiliar to
tli(i>t' granted at I'ort Amstel; all the camion,
jirovisioiis and sn]>i)lics, together with (itlicr
tilings in l'"(irt Christina belonging to the
frown of Swetk'ii, "shall belong to and be pre-
t-erved as tiie property of the .Swedish Crown
and the Sinithern Company, and shall be un-
(k-r the power of said (ioveriior to take away
ci to ih-liver to (iovernor Stiiyvesant, with the
provision that they shall be jjiven up iipcjii
onler."

(lovcrnor Kising and his otlicers ''shall
march out of the fort with drums and truin-
]icts playing, flags flying, matches burning,
with hand and side arms, and balls in their
mouths." They were hrst to be taken to Tiui-
ciim Island, formerly the headquarters of
(io\cnioi- I'riiitz, placed in tlu; fort as jirison-
ers, and kcjit there until (iovernor Stiiyvesant
should be ready to sail for Xew Amstenlani,
when they were to be removed thither. Kis-
ing and his principal officer wi-re allowed ti\'e
servants to attend them, which was very liji-
cral, to say the least. All private property was
to be respected and no one was to be searched.
None of the soldiers or otticers were to be ile-
tained against their will, but might be permit-
ted to gu with Rising if they so desired. Those
wisliing to go, but not being ready, were al-
lowed one year and six weeks in which to sell
their land and goods, provided they did not
take the oath of allegiance for the time they
^hollld remain. If any Swedes or Finns were
not disposed to go, they were allowed the
liberty of adhering to their own religious
A icws and of employing a minister for their
iiistructiou.

C.overnor Hising, his commercial agent,
and other ]ierL:ons, including officers, soldiers
and freemen, with all their property, were to
be provided with a good ship, which should
leceive them at Sandy Kook and convey them
to 'J'excl, a ])ort in ITolland, without charge.
And if liising or any of his iiet)ple had coii-
tra<;ted any dehts on account of the Crown,
they were not to he detained therefor within
the jurisdiction of Governor Stuyvesant.
These articles were formally signed "on the
parade hctween Fort Christina and the fio\
eriior Cieneral's cam]),"' S<'ptciulKT 2'>, Id.")."),

and all Swedish control on the Delaware
passed over to the Dutcii or Hollanders.

Courtesy to a Prison ek.
Ihit the foregoing did not include all the
business that was transacted on that moment-
ous occasion. In a ".secret article'' it was fur-
ther stipulated that the captain who was to
convey CJovernor Rising and his officers was
"expre.--sly commanded and ordered'" to out the
goNcriior and his party on shore either in
]'"nglaiid or France, and that Stuyvesant
shoiilil lend to the said Rising the sum of
''three hundred pounds Flemish," which Ris-
ing was to jiay to Stuyvesant within six
months after the reeeijit. And as set-nrity for
this loan, Rising put up the projierty of the
Crown and Southern Company which he had
surrendered. It i)laced him in a very unpleas-
ant situation, hut he had no otlu-r way of rais-
ing money to jiay his personal expenses home.
His only consolation wa^ that it might be re-
])aid. StiiNVesant's ordci-s upon ( 'ornelius
dacob Steewyk to "supply Rii^ing with eight
hunderd guilders for the articles pledged, were
dated on the 2d of 2s^ovenibcr, Hi."),".,"" and if
the debt was not paid within six months, the
]iledgcd articles, consisting of cannon, mniii-
lioiis of war and other j)roperty, to be sold to
ii(piidate the obligation. After all, the terms
were rather humiliating; and the contrast be-
tween Rising's coming into the country and
his departure therefrom, was very great. Ac-
cording to the S\ve(lish historian of the time
the dt'bt was never paid, and the cannon were
liiken to Xew Amsterdam, where, •with other
articles, tluy were sold, and for years after-
wards were pointed to as trophies of the con-
quest of Xew Sweden. Rising afterwards
made a report of his misfortune, and impor-
tuned his government to make an effort to re-
cover what he had lost. But the expense
which the government had incurred in the at-
tempt to found its colony on the Delaware,
the rapid march of events, and the develop-
ment of new conditions, had so changed the
])olilical outlook that nothing came of the
ex-governor's j)etition, and lii^ -lureiider
ju'ovcd the end of Sweilish anihority in the
Xew ^Vol■]d.

OrUEI. TlilsATMENT.

Notwithstanding the aiiparently liberal
terms granted lo the Swede-, thiw were soon

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28

BIOGRA rillCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

iiftorwiuils subjected to terrible oppression by
the coiiqnorors. So great was tliis oppres^ioll,
says Aerelius, that it eainiot 1)C ilescribed. 'llie
tiower of the Swedish male jjopulatioii were
at oiieo ruthlessly torn awa}' from their fami-
lies, their kindred and associations and sent
to Xew Amsterdam to become enforced s\d)-
jeets, thongli everything M'as done to make it
appear that it was their desire to go. The men
were taken by force on shipboard; women at
liome in their houses were grossly insidted
and abused; their property was carried otf be-
fore their eyes, and cattle in the fields were
caught and slaughtered. Such treatment was
infamous in the highest degree, and marks the
conquerors as little better tlian savages. There
api^ears to have been an object in this ruth-
less barbarity, for after its perpetration, the
time was deemed opportune to issue a procla-
mation connnanding the people to take the
oath of allegiance. It was the jioliey, evident-
ly, first to terrify them and then to require
them to yield obedience. Those who had the
courage to refuse tlie terms of tlic priH-lama-
tion were regarded with suspicion, harassed
and abused.

Under various pretexts the Dutch sought to
cox'cr nj) their bad treatment of the settlers.
One of their excuses was that the Swedes had
no rights there, that they were interlopers,
scjuatters, adventurers; that the country had
never been subject to the Crown of Sweden,
but only to a private eomi>any, which MUiglit
merely its own advantage. But that claim is
far from the truth. It is true, that the tir^t
fcettlement was made by a trading conqiany;
but that trading conq)any was under the_;ui-
s[iices and jirotectlon of the Swedi>h CroM'u.
The Indians concluded the contract fur the
juirchase of the land with the Queen of Swe-
den. The government was conducted under
the royal direction, the officials were sent out
with royal commissions and orders, and the
sla])s and people with royal equipments and at
tlie royal expense. That (^ueen Christina
cousidered the colonies as forming a )>art of
her (hmiinions there is abundant evidence,
and the claim of Holland was based on tech-
nical groinids only. Hut how little right the
Hollanders had to call the country theirs, and
on that ground to take it liy force, is <liown by
the fact that neither before tlie ai rival of the
Swedes, nor dui'iug the Swedi-h adnunistra-

tion, ilid they possess any land upon the Dela-
ware which tlie Swedes claimed for tliemsehes,
and much less did they establi.-.ii any colony
there.

It has been shown that the private purchase
was made for the De N'ries colony -May 'o,
lUoO, and was contirnied liy tlic Holland gov-
ernor and his cuinieil on January D, 1031.
This, it will be remembered, was the ill-fated
settlement of what is now known as 1-ewe.-',
which \vas conq)letely annihilated by the In-
dians, and which no attempt was afterwards
made to revive. Other purcha-es of small
bodies of land were made by ditfcrent parties
^>\\. botii sides of tlie ri\er, but no permanent
settlements were founded. i he Holland
Conq>any purchased a tract of lanti, on which
Fort C'assimer was built, July. lii, 1G51. That
land lay between the river and Christina
Creek, and "IJondio llnck." How far it ex-
tended back from the Delaware we are not in-
formed, but it couhl not have been very far.
These tract-, including one or two on the Xew
Jersey sidt', endiraced all the purchases of
land made by the Hollanders during that time.
The question now arises: How cotild the West
India Conqiany and the States General give a
title for that which private individuals had
bought, in direct opposition to all the laws and
tisages of nations^ How could the}- authorize
the purchase of land to which they had no
1 iglit '. ] low could they give the investiture of
laii<l which they themselves purchased thir-
teen yeai-s afterwards? How could they buy
land which the Swedes had bought before?

The struggle for supremacy on the Uela-
\\-are presents some ctn-ious phases; and a
study of the question shows that some "sharp
|ii-actiee" was rcsorti'd to by both sides. Pre-
stuiiing <in their greater strength, the llol-
landi'rs endeavored to force the Swedes out of
vvhat rightfully belonged to them, without any
regard to the priueiplc-i of justice; and by vir-
tue of superior force they fimilly siu'cecded in
crushing out a colony that might ha\e become
a jiower for great good on the Delaware.

I bit some of the leading men of the Swed-
i<li i-<iloii\- were Hot without blame in foment-
ing a s|iirit of ill-feeling which to a ct'rtain
extent lielpe(l to bring about its downfall. As
u^^al in -iieli ea>e-, enpidity was at the bot-
tom of the trouble. The l<ive of gain has often
nulli1i<>d good inteiilions and dotroyetl the
briulite-t iirospects. .\ part of the blame was

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. I

STATI'J OF DELAWAUE

29

laitl uii (iovi-nior Priiitz I'ur cuiidiictiiig hiiu-
telf too severely towards his people, it is
eluirged that he virtually inaJi^ slaves of some
of the Swedes by keeping them at work on the
fortilii-ations and upon his estate on Tiuieum
J>laiul. 1 he Swedes, therefore, after eouiing
into this iiew eountry and obtaining a taste
of a good unknown in their native land, soon
beeame disgusted with being furecd to labor
lor the benefit of their ruler, aud so coneeived
a hatred for him that militated against tiie
])rosperity of the colony. Friction never fails
to destroy the harmony of the machine, anil
in this i-a^e ill feeling developed into a hostile
animus tiiat naturally produceil bad results.

\\\i\ instead of striving to allay this feeling
(lovernor IJising ou his arrival only added
fuel to the smouldering tire tliat was ready
to burst into a flame. He was pompous, dic-
tatorial and exacting. He inuigined hiuisilf
a monan-li, and had little sympathy with his
.-■ubjccts. llis course towarils the Dutch
^liowt-d the manner of man he was. Had he
been more considerate, di})lomatic and con-
servative, he probably would not have stirred
iheni up to so high a pitch of resentment,
tlicreby incurring their disfa\'or from the very
monu'ut of his arrival. His pom])ous conducrt
in flie capture of an insignificant garrison at
Fort Ca^simer, while it e.xcited a general
-smilo, was none the less effectual in increas-
ing the bad feeling which was brewing
among the dissati.sfied parties on botli sides.
Xeither is Stuy vesaut without blame. He was,
if anything, more pompous than his Swedish
competitor, and was certainly more tyrannical.
So, between these di.scordant elements, we see
a gradual increase of the forces which finally
ifsultcd in overthrowing the power of two
nations on this continent. Had things been
different, both nationalities might have lived
unmy years together, and l)y their common
forces have ke])t out the English, who were
4Mdy too willing to take advantage of the weak-
ened condition of both and to absorb tlu'ir ter-
ritorv into her own colonies.

Stuvvksant Sole !N[onaroii.

With the surrender of Fort Christina and
the exp\il>inn of Governor Ivising from the
country, the Swedish flag ceased to wave in
token of authority on the Delaware. The
cohmy, under Dutch control, passed into rapid

decline anil ceased to be prosperous. Uiit the
Swedes, who were an industrious, thrifty and
piously-inclined iicople, left footprints behind
which more than two centuries ha\e failed
to elface.

During these changes the English were on
the alert, 'ihey hail not rcliu(piished their
pretensions to the co\intry, but were inclined
to enter into negotiations with Sweden for the
improvement of their trade relations on the
Delaware. I'lie armed interventioji of the
Hollanders, however, changed all these cou-
ditions. Sweden finally had to reliuipiish its
West India trade entirely to the English; and
it was not long that the Dutch were to enjoy
possessions which did not <.if right belong to
them.

As soon as possible after acquiring domin-
ion over the Swedish settlements ou the Dela-
\\are, (iovernor Stnyvesaut instituted a new
order of things. He was sole monarch of all
the country from Xi'W Amsterdam to Cape
Ilenlopen on both sides of the river. His au-
thority extended over all matters, military,
i-ommercial and judicial.

All officers received their commissions from
him and were accountable to him. During a
hurried visit abroad, after the conquest, he
appointed ('apt. Deryk Sniidt conunissary, or
commandant ad interim, on the river. Im-
mediately on his return to New Amsterdam,
he ]n-eparcd a commission dated November
L'O, fOoo, for John Paid Jacquet, as vice-gov-
ernor, with directions to make arrangements
for trade, and keep order among the fjeople.
lie fixed his ofticial residence at Fort Cassi-
mer. Andrew Hudde was made his counsel,
antl Almcrhausen Klein, secretary.

The country Avas now divided into two dis-
tricts, or colonies, on the west side of the Dela-
ware. From Christina Creek down to Bombo
Hook, including Christina Fort and the piece
of ground around it, was called tlie '"Com-
pany's Colony." The other land, on the north
side of Christina Creek, and along the river
upward, belonged to the city of Amsterdam,
was governed by the burgomaster and coun-
cil through Peter Stu\ vesaut, their general
governor, and his council, and was called "the
( 'ity's Colony." The occasion for this was
given when Fort Cassimer was built; but the
execution of the project was delayed for some
xcars by the predominance of the Swedes.
Pefore this, all transactions were in the name

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30

BIOGRA PHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

of the States Geiienil ami the West India
Company; but now the two sections acted
separately. Deeds for land were issued in
^Vm^tcrdam by the burgomasters and eouncil
ii]ion the land of the city, but by the direc-
tors and commissaries for the company upon
its land. A little town was laid out near I'Virt
C'assimer on "Sand Hook," and was called
"Xewcr Amstel," which finally l)ecame New
Castle. The name of ('hristina was changed
to Altona.

According to the records that have been
preserved, not more than nineteen Swedes
took the oath of allegiance when Fort Chris-
tina capitulated. 'i"he others who still re-
mained had their abodes within the colony of
the city to the north of Christina and along
the river. Over them was jdaced a ruler or
magistrate, who had two or three dei)uties to
assist him in his work.

The governor's instructions regarding the
treatment of the Swedes were unnecessarily
severe. It was required that they should not
be permitted to remain in the forts over night,
and that a watchful eye should always be kept
over them. If any were f(j\ind disorderly,
they should immediately be taken to Xew
Amsterdam. Some of the Swedish freemen,
who had settled at other })oints, desired to
have the time prolonged, so that instead of
one year and six weeks — as stijjulated in the
articles of capitulation — they might have one
\ear and six months to get ready for their de-
parture from the country; this was granted,
with the proviso that they should remove into
the new to^\^l and live there, but not other-
wise. Others were suspected of secret plot-
tings with the Indians, who frequently came
to their houses, and were, as usual, received in
a friendly manner. On this account two
prominent Swedes were denounced by name,
and it was immediately determined that they
shoidd be arrested and sent to New Amster-
dam. Such dastardly treatment was constant-
ly meted out to these peojjle by the Dutch aii-
tlmrities. As Aci'elius remarks, "it seemeil
as if tliej' were afraid of their own shadows."

What the I^■uI.v^'s Did.

Thefricndshipof the Indians for the Swedes
continued to he as strong after the change of
government as before. Proof ot this was
shown on the 24th of ^farcli, Ifiriii, when the

Swedish ?hi|) Mciciiiu/ came up the Dela-
ware without knowing that the settlements
were under a foreign government. A Swedish
pastor named .Mathias, and Anders liengston,
a native of Stockholm, a man of some jiromi-
iience, were aboard the vessel. The Dutch
authorities refused iiermission to the ship to
ascend tlu' river, alleging that she had on
boai'd a large nundjer of people. But the In-
dians, on learning the facts, immediately as-
sendded in force, went on board the ship, and
in detiance of the Dutch, conducted the sliip
jiast Fort Cassimer without its daring to tire
a .^hot, and convoyed it up to Fort Christina.
.\tter Some jiarlcying it was dcterndned that
the ship should be set free and permitted to go
to Xew Amsterdam to take in j)rovi:,ions and
water before starting on the return voyage to
Sweden, l-'astor .Mathias was so unfavorably
impressed with the condition of affairs that he
returned on her to Sweden, ilr. Bengstun,
however, remained in the country and became
the ancestor of an honorable and wealthy fam-
ily, who now bear the name of liang^tou.

It was now for the first time that tlie Dutch
could be said to introduce colonists into this
region, althoiigh but a weak sprinkling of their
peojile. Here and there some few snuill fam-
ilies from Holland settled, but they cultivated
scarcely more than a vegetable garden. Up
to that time no deeds for land had been given
hy their boastful governor, excepting to those
who would either agree to cultivate or to build
on the same. Besides, they were in constant
fear of being driven away either by the
Swedes or the Indians. 'J'his fear may luwc
beini caused, to some extent, by the consciijus-
ness that they were there through dishonest
means, that the country did not of right be-
long to them, and that their nation was op-
]iressing a poor and unfortunate class of pen-
]-le.

As soon as the spring of 1G5C opened, and
navigation was resumed, various parties came
over from New Amsterdam to settle in the
country now surrounding Wilmington. AVith
some caution the governor general distribut(;d
a fi'W deeds to those seeking locations. In the
first batch there were eleven, in the second
fifty-six, and finally, by the end of August,
eighteen more. These pieces of land were all
quite small, most of them nothing more than
building lots in Xew Amstel, now Xew ( 'asilc.
'i'he earlv Dufcli, or Hollanders, had little

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■,,,,, I. I ■. , !,,

l^TATE OF DKLAWAUr:

31

taste iVir agrk-iiltiire. A small patch of
gruuiid was eiioii{:,ii for most of them, 'i'hey
were not iueliiied to work themselves, and
laborers could not be liad. ^loreover, an or-
der was issued that twenty or thirty honse-
holds should settle together, or in dusters,
altliongh little attention was ]iaid to it except
in Sand Ilixjk. 'J'he regulation had in \-iew
the greater security of the settlers. The terms
were ])eculiar. For every '"inorgon" an an-
nual rent of about twelve stivers was paid.
A "morgon" was about equivalent to an I'-ng-
lish acre. Within the land occui)icd by the
Swedes at that time there was no enfeoffment,
but upon every Swedish or Finnish family a
vearly rent of tivc or six guilders was asse^-cd,
according to the decision of the "schout," or
;isse.-sor. The ciuTcnt money of the Dutch in
the New Xctherlands was in guilders or tlor-
ins. One Holland guilder passed here for hve,
and this custom continued till about the year
ITOO; after that, abo\it one for six, which was
a heavy depreciation. This was occasioned
by the advent of the English. Tratfie with
the Indians was carried on in wampnin. As
descrii>tions of wampum are not easily acces-
sible, and as it may be interesting to the read-
er to know the kind of currency used by the
aborigines of Delaware, the account given by
]'. l.indstroiu, in C'ompanius' work, is here-
with in>erted:

Wampum is a kind of oblong pearls or
beads made of oyster shells, or of muscles
tailed clams, white, brown or bluish red. They
arc used for ornament, tokens of friendshi]),
and money, '{"lie latter are thus described:
The brown or blue and red, were of double
the value uf the white. Six white ones were
worth one stiver (two cents), three brown, or
blue and red, one stiver; twenty stivers were
one gTiilder of the country (forty cents); five
country guilders, one giulder of Holland.
Wain])um was strung upon threads or strings,
usually a fathom long, which was worth five
guilders. The way of counting the wam|)um,
for its value in stivers, was on the thund)s in
this wise: From the end of tlie nails to the
first joint, for the string within that distance
contained either six white ones, and so one
stiver, or six brown ones, and S(3 two stivers.
The manner of jiroving the goodness of the
Wampum was to draw the wami)um over the
nose. If the string ran over it as smooth as
glass, the wampum was good; otherwise not.

For as the corners were woru off by use, so
that they were no lunger close u]ion the
threads, they were no longer good.

Jaquet's AdMI.\ISTI{ATIOX.
Assoon as (ioveruor Jacpict was installed iu
otfice, the Indians waited on him and de-
manded good order and fairness in trade; that
the Dutch should buy of them as many pel-
tries as they could bring; also that payment
-should be so regidated that one beaver sli.nild
sell for two deer skins. Uut the governor re-
]/lied that he had not received orders to enter
into any arrangements regarding commerce
or to make treaties to that etfcct. This some-
what puzzled the Indians, for they could not
understand, if he was the big chief, why he
was not invested with such authority. How-
ever, presents were uuide to them by contri-
butions of the colonists, in whicli some fe«
Swedes joined, for the purpose of retaining
the good opinion of the Indians as far as possi-
ble.

C.overnor .Taquet had some pec\iliar ideas.
He had had no experience or training in ad-
ministering the affairs of a colony, and often
found that the very measures he had adopted
to promote the interests of the colonists, and
thereby add to his own popularity, had the
\ery opposite efl'ect and brought down upon
his hcail the displeasure of his subjects.

At his instance various laws were passed for
the regulation of the settlement. On the 2Cth
of February, lOrjCi, it was resolved in council
that all the inhabitants should enclose their
farms and lots by the middle of .March, under
a penalty of six guilders; that all who had
goats should keep herdsmen, or be answerable
for damages; that no one should be admitted
into the fort either by land or water without
first announcing himself; that no places for
building should be granted between Sand
Hook and L'hi-i.stina, and that the forests
should be preserved for the use of the fort and
tiie town. And on the 22d of :May, that all
owners of swine should put yokes on them
within twenty-four hours, or have them shot
down l)y the soldiers!

The jiassage of this latter law raised a great
commotion in the colony, and the governor
and his councilors were soundly berated. The
onler reipiiring the fencing of farms was not
regarded with much disfavor; but in a country

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32

BIOGRA PlIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

where there \v<as so niiifh open land, the in-
liabitants coukl not see the necessity for herd-
iiiy goats and yoking swinj. Tliere was cer-
tainly a wide range for the animals, so wide
that they could do no one any harm; and if
they were restrained it would certainly result
in a great hardshi]) to their owners, who Mould
be comjK'lled to feed them, wlien, if at liberty,
they could almost sustain themselves in the
forests and on the connnons.

('(unplaints were nuide to tjcvenior General
Stuyvesant that his vice-governor, Jaqnet
was making himself very obnoxious to the peo-
ple; that he was irascible, disagreeable, antl
dictatorial; and, above all, that he was incom-
petent to govern the colony; and in the inter-
est of j)eace, prosperity and the general good
of all, his recall or dismissal was demanded.
At tirst Stuyvesant paid but little attention to
these complaints, but they were repeated in
so earnest a manner that he was practically
forced to take cognizance of them. In other
woi'ds, he saw very {dainly that he dared not
deny his subjects the right of petition.

The pressure became sO' strong that Stuy-
vesant was compelled to act. Accordingly, on
the 20th of April, 1G57, by and with the ad-
vice of his council, he sent J»quet his recall,
giving as a reason for his action that he was
incompetent to suci-essfully manage the af-
fairs of the colony. Jaquet's administration,
therefore, was short, lasting scarcely over a
year. He was succeeded by Jacob Alricli,
who was appointed in Holland, and received
liis commission in the capital city of Amster-
dam, December 19, 165G; it was renewed at
Fort Amsterdam in the New Netherlands,
April 12, 1G57.

Jsquet, on retiring from the vice-governor-
ship of the Colony, did not leave the country,
Init taking up a tract of land not far from
Christina Creek, engaged in farming, and was
successful. Ke left descendants, one of whom
became a distinguished offic'cr in the Tievolu-
tionarj' army, and shed a resplendent lustre
on the American arms. His patriotism was of
the highest order, and his courage, devotion
and activity in the cause of liberty brought
liim honor and fame, lie lived and <licd on
the farm which his fatlier fomided near the
present city of Wilmington; this land re-
mained in the possession of the Jacpiet family
for more than one hundred and lll'ty years.
The charge of incompetency against .Ta-

quet is not borne out by any evidence worth
considering. Indeed, hia successor said that
the charge was based on hatred rather than on
truth. This hatred very likely had its origin
in the law.s which he caused to be passed, for-
bidding certain animals to run at large.

A tradition still in existence says that i-'ort
Cassimer stood on the site now occupied by
the old Protestant Episcopal Church in New
Castle, 'i'liis coidd hardly have been the ease,
for in one of the laws that Jaquet was instru-
mental in having passed in the winter of lilaG,
it was distinctly required that no one should
enter the fort, "either by land or water, with-
out tirst announcing himself." Unless the
fort stood on the edge of the water, how could
it be entered from the water? It is believed,
therefore, that it was built on a point which
formerly extended into the river, but which
has long since been washed away, the banks
being very materially reduced and their out-
line entirely changed.

AVhen Governor Alrich arrived to take
charge of the Colony, he established his head-
quarters at New Amstel, which had come to
be recognized as the capital. The Swedes
were still ruled by a "sellout," or commissary;
the office was at that time filled by Ciocrau
\an I\vke. Upon his rcjn-esentation, Stuyve-
sant directed the Swedes to go together and
build a town at Upland, or any point they
preferred, but they did not find it convenient
to do so. On the 2Sth of October, 1(558, AVil-
liam Beckmau, an alderman in Amsterdam,
■was appointed vice-governor of the Com-
pan3''s Colony, and established his resi-
dence at Altona (Christina). He man-
aged the comijany's trade, connnanded
the garrison , received the duties of ships
arriving at New Amstel, and had the
Swedes under his supervision. Andrew
Iludde, on account of his thirty-one years' ser-
vice, and his poverty, caused by being robbed
]*y the Indians, became IJeckman's secretary,
and also sexton of the church at Altona, in
June, ir;C)0. Although the governor of the
two sections had each his separate jin-isdiction,
yet for the most part they acted toacther; so
Ik'ckman had business in the City's Colony,
and Alrich gave deeds for lands sold by the
Couqiany. A long time passed before the
Dutch settled themselves among the Swedes,
there being a lack of assimilation between
them. 'J" wo farms near Altona were the only

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STATE OF DM LAW A HE

33

ones for wliicli tlie Jlollanilers gave decdb
among the Swudisli settlers; to tliese we may
add a mill, built un "Sky]l})ot" (now known
as Shtdli)ut) ( 'reck, wliieli was to grind free of
toll fur tlie garrison. 'J'liis was probably one
of the very first mills erceted iu tliis part of
the country. Xo aceouut of its size and eajia-
city is known to be iu existence, but it was
doubtless of rude construction.

Stuyvcsant seems to have kept a watchful
eye over affairs on the Delaware. In due sea-
son he ga\c iSeckman autliority to extend the
CompauyV Ccjlony from "ISumbties Ilouk to
Cape Ilenlopen." He was to consult with and
take advice from Governor Alrich regarding
the projxised extension, to inquire of others
uhich of the Indian tribes were the rightful
owners, and also to ascertain what would be
an adequate price for the land. In like man-
ner Alrich had orders to secure the land at
"Ifoorn l\ill." .\lrich, in his re])ly to Stny-
vesant, represented several ditHciilties as be-
ing in the way of carrying out his order. lie
taid till re were neither peoj)le nor means fur
erecting a fortification, or taking care of the
same, at "I loom Kill;" that if a fortification
•were built it would be of no account, for the
surrounding country was wild and desolate.
The few farmers living in the vicinity of Xew
Amstel hail sutfcred from the failure ffi their
crops and could scarcely support themselves.
Eecknuin saw that Alrich was indisposed to
make the mu\eiiicnt, either through cajiricc
oi' hick of energy, and he resolved to under-
take the enterprise himself. lie therefore
made a juurney to "lloorn i\ill," with Lieu-
tenant Ilinoyosa in his company, made t'ne
piu'chasc there of the Indians, ]\Iarch j:5,
Id.")!), took a deed of purchase for the land,
and threw up temporary fortifications, in which
he stationed as many sohliers as he cotild col-
lect. The nund)er was not great, neither were
the Works very strong, but it was the begin-
ning of the -ecund settlement at this point,
nearly thiity years after the first had been
destruycd by the savages. D\ities were now
levied here on vessels arriving inside the ca|ie,
and collected by an ofiicer stationed at the
fort for that purpose.

The true secret for the advance on "llooru
Kill" was a rumor that two vessels, bcarint;
fourteen English jiersons from Virginia, li.id
been seen then;, and that the English bad
landed and attempted to settle, but weiu

driven uif by the Imlians. Fears that a
strunger furcc nught foUuw induced a ba>ty
I'tfurt to secure the lan<l, in order to fun-tall
further attempts to gain a foothold.

LoiiD Baltimoke's Claim.

At the same time a report came from ilary-
land that the English were seriously think-
ing of making an attack and taking the
country from the Dutch. Lord Ijaltimore,
who had founded a culuiiy at St. Cieorge's
(now St. ^Mary's) as early as Id'M, -was iii-
(piiring about the boundaries of his territory,
wiiiidi were nut settled. This eau-eil ?oine
coiiiniotion among the Dut<-h authorities, and
rendered them very a])prehensive of danger.
The authorities of the city of Ani-terdam
bad conceived the idea of building iqi a set-
tlement and a port on the Delaware that
should rival New Amsterdam, and bad select-
ed X'ew Amstel for that ])urpose; and they
embarked so zealously in the enterprise, and
■••u liberally ])romoted its growth, that by the
year Kl.")!), the town contained more than one
hundred bouse.-., and a population of five .r
six huiiilred, and was surrounded by ?ome
twenty or tbirt\ farms. It is probable that the
rapid growth and prosperity of Xew Amstel
had attracteil the attention of Lord IJaltimoro
and his otHcial rciire.-eiitatives in the province
of ilaryiaud. Xew Amstel had lieconic the
seat of gevernnieiit uf all the ])o-^sessions of
the city of Amsterdam, or the "f ity Colony,"
and had a director general and cuuiicil rc-i<ling
iu it, who had jurisdiction over all its posses-
si(^ns, the former being ai)])ointed by the
authoiiiics of tli(> city. And, furthermore,
it was not until the year Iti.'iH that it first
became kniAvn to the .--ettlers on the Delaware
that I-ord Baltimore had any claim or pre-
teiniun whatever to any territory lying within
what is now the State of Delaware. This in-
forniation was first conimiinicated by a mem-
ber of the provincial couucil living on the
ea>tcrn .~liore to the dii'cctor geiiei'id <.f the City
cohuiy at Xew Aiustid. a mcssciiiici' being sent
by the former with a letter addre,~~cd to the
governor of the iu-u\-ince. Lord Daltimore
(daiuicd that his territory extcinled to a line
within twu miles n{ Xcw .\ni>tcl, and cited
\ariuus d(>eds for land tip cunlirui hi- claims.
The governor of ]\Iaryland, ,Tu.-iali Eeiidal,
dispatched Col. die with five men to

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34

BIOGRAPHICAL EXCICLOPBDIA

Alw Auistt'l to report the elaiiii of
J-ord Baltimore, uud demand that tlie land
should be given up. 'Jhey were admitted into
tlic fort and were entertained for four ni-lits.
I'uriny tills meeting caeh party advocated its
elaims. JJeekmau was admitted to tlie eon-
lerence as an oiHcial. The diseussion is re-
])orted to liave become at times quite animated,
and tlie conference was closed with hard words
and much dissatisfaction on botii sides.

A\'lieu a report of the meeting reached
Ktuvvi-ant, lie did not approve of it, and up-
braided Alrieh for having admitted tiiese
emissaries, and entertained them in the fort.
He was so exasperated over tiie alfair that he
comi.lained of Alricli to tiic Companv for hav-
ing received and iiarbore.l such dangerous
guests.

'i'liis conference marked tlie beginning of
the downfall of Alricli. His administration,
]ik(| ids predecessor's, was rapidly falling into
disfavor. His severity and selHshness had
caused many Dutch families to remove to
Ifaryland, and live or si.x soldiers deserted
from the fort and lied thither also. Dissatis-
faction grew so rapidly that, finally, only about
ten soldiers remained in Fort t'asinier and half
as many at "noorn Kill." The inhabited part
et the Company's Colony at this time' did
not extend more than t\ro Iloiiand miles
around Fort Cassimer. 'Fhis conference was
really the beginning of the boiindarv line
trouble that lasted hmg after the Dutch and
the Swedes has disappeared as factors in the
settlements on tlu; Delaware. Stuyve.sant
Mas kejit in a state of nervous agitation. His
conscience disturbed him sorely. Tn a letter
under date of September, Ki;-)!), to the West
India Company, he expres.sed fear that Fng-
land, with the aid of the Swedes, would .s.um
take possession of the country and dispossess
the Dutch. He urged them' t<^ increase the
population by sending exiled Poles, Lithua-
nians, Prussians and Flemish i)easaiits to set-
tle in the country. Still further, in the vear
1C(J0, he sent an emissary to recruit for the
garrison among the Swedes and the Finns,
and offered them a bounty of from eight to ten'
guilders as an inducement to enlist. Those
who had tied to Jfaryland and Virginia on ac-
count of debt or oppression, were solicited t<i
return under promise of good treatment, and
security f.,r three or four vears' immunity

from their creditors. .Matters were indeed
becoming serious.

StuVVES.V.NT PiKCO.MI.S T VK.V.N \1CAI..

Steadily the suspiciun grew in the mind of
the burly ruler at A'ew Amsterdam tiiat the
Swedes and the Finns were favora[)ly disp(j.-,ed
loward the Fngiish, and only awaited a favor-
able opportunity to throw off the Dutch yoke.
Allhougli the Swedish population at that time
consisted in all of only about one hundred and
thirty families, yet they still formed the
strongest part of the i)eoi)]e in the countrv,
and thus kept Stiiyvesant and his government
in constant fear and tremlding. This fear so
increased that his former pacilie advice was
changed into a command that all Swedes
siioiild remove into small towns where less
danger might be apprehended from them, be-
cause their movements could be more closely
watched. JJeckman, wdio was to put the ])laii
into operation in Ids district, was very zealous
in his efforts to convince them of its advan-
tages, but ho was unable to do so, and as he
luid an insuliicient force at hand he could not
(•onipel thcin. He then reported to Stiiyves-
ant that it would be an unmerciful procedure
to drive the people from their homes which
they had established, and put them to new
labor and expense. Inability to enforce the
order caused him to see its injustice and ine.K-
pediency; had it been otherwise, the Swedes
and Finns would have been driven into en-
closures like sheep.

Some of the Swe<les had removed from the
Company's Colony into that of the City,
where Ilinoyosa had given them greater privi-
leges. Others had gone to Sassafras River,
which rises in Delaware and emjities into
Chesajieake Pay, forming the boundary lino
between the counties of Cecil and Kent, on
Jhe eastern shore of .Afaryland. This was the
section of country into which the Swedes emi-
grated, but being threatened by the Indians,
they were forced to return. On this account
P>eckman desired Stuyvesant to recall his or-
der, but the nionareh of ^Manhattan remained
obdurate. He was ke])t in such a state of ab-
ject fright, that he was afraid of his owni
shadow and almost feared to move out of his
fort.

Oovernor Alrieh, who had succeeded
through his contracted policy in making

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I t ■ .-1 I . M • I ;: . I'M!

STATE 01'' VELAWAnE

35

liiuistlf \crv uuiioiuilar, died on the ^Otli
uf DecciiilicT, lU.'i'J, mid was siU'eoeded liv
Licnt. Ale-Niiudcr lliiioyosa as (iovernor pro
iciiipure. Ih' a])poiuti.-i.l (icrrit van (ii/.i-t as
]iis SL'i'R'tary, and proceeded to administer the
aifairs of tlie colony. One of hi? tirst acts was
to setjuestrate all the papers of his predere>-cir
and make extracts from them. lie then called
together his council and endeavored to show
that Alrich had acted contrary to his instruc-
tions in many points, and, had he lived to an-
swer fur hi:^ mal-administration, mijilit have
forfeited liotli \\(v and jtrojierty. Jiut a> it
Avas evident that lliuoyosa cherished a fct-ling
ni' ]ici-M_pi!al hn^tility towards the dec(a>ed
( !o\ii-niir, lew wt're willing to endorse hi? ex-
treme \ic\vs.

'J'he Trading ('onipany had found hut little
advantage in its trade. It scarcely met the
expenses of service, war, and expenditures cm
the Indians. The servants had shown them-
seh'es alti'gethcr seltish ; and the superiors
were niuic strict iu forl)idding all individual
tratlic than the inferiors were iu olieying their
orders. The English on Long Island pursued
an uninterrupted cour.se of smuggling, which
added til till' fear of Stuyvcsant and lessened
l)rotits. On this aecotnit the Comixmy, on the
7tli of Fehriiary, lGi;;5, gave up all its rights
to the ('ity's Colony. In this transfer it was
agreed that Fort Christina should also belong
to the latter, with the proviso that the settlers
around it should continue to enjoy their
])ri\ileges; that the City should send another
garrJMin to ridieve that of the Company, so
that the colony might he defended against the
Indians and the English; that a mile of land
should he (deared and settled every year; that
the agents uf the City should never he allowed
to transfer that land to any one else, either in
■whole or in part, on the jienalty of forfeiting
all their rights.

The '"Suuth River," as the Delaware was
called hy the Dutch, was wholly and entirely
given over to Oovernor lliuoyosa, by jiatent
issued by (JcAernor-Ciencral 8tuyvesant un-
der date of December 22, IGCh; but with
the proviso that it should be' governed entirely
by the jirescribed laws of the States Cieneral
and their West India f^)mpany, and in their
interest. T.ut before this arrangement went
into opci'ation, ITinoyosa, associated with
TJeckman, presided over the Crduny fur three
years after Alrieh's death.

lliuoyu.sa, too, seems to have been a dis-
tiu'liing element. .Much excitement and feel-
ing were raised on account of the charges
brought against Alrich, and the sequestration
of hi.- pajiers and |iropcrty. Cornelius van
(li/.el ]ictitioned Stuyvcsant to order the re-
Ica.-c of the property and treat it according to
the will of decedent, b'xaniinatiuiis were
made and nnich correspondence fullowed re-
garding the matter, when, timilly, lliuoyosa
received orders to cease his opjjositi^ins on pain
of disgrace. Ihe case must have been a tla-
grant one, amounting to a bold attempt at
robbery, or Stuyvcsant would nut have
.-tojiped further proceedings so suddenly.

After this a silver lining appeared on the
(duud which overhung affairs on the Dela-
ware. .\t that time trade was ctniducted with
the Indians in peltries, and with Virginia in
tubacco. A lietter understanding ])ctween
the Dutch and English was now promised,
as Stuyvcsant sent the governor of Virginia
]iresents of Ereneh wine and other tempting
things. In those days nothing was lietter
calculated to promoteeooilf^ling than pre.-

ents of wine. ?5Q52J[.02

lliuoyosa having failed in his persecutions
of the heirs of Governor Alri(di, now deter-
mined to ])urtue another course. lie appoint-
ed Pwter Alrich connnander of the fort at
"Ilooru Kill," with the e.xclusive privilege of
all traffic with the Indians from ■"Boudities
Hook" down to Cape Ilenlopen. This a))-
pointment gave the Swedes great offense, av.d
(•au.sed open complaints. It does not apjiear
that Alrich was a relative of the deceased
governor, but the inference is that he was
either a son of a brother, when the oi)i)ositiou
of the Swedes to the ai)i)ointment is consid-
ered. It was very likely done to curry favor
with the Alrich party. Tyrants, when shorn
of their power are generally the first to lie
conu' .sycojihants. Tyranny is a species of
moi-al cowardice.

During the year lOOU the Indians kept the
]>eoiile in great fear. According to Acrelius
the Seneca Indians came down from the in-
terior and committed terrible murders. They
were at war with the Delaware Indians. The
latter were friendly to the whites, but they
were not strong enotigh to cope with their
red adversaries from the interior. Fort Chris-
tina had been so neglected that it was of little
use as a ]U'utection. Its walls were greatly de-

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36

BIO GEA PHICAL ENC \ -CLOrEDL 1

fayod, and it was entirely out of aiiimuiiitiuii,
being jirovided with only tea or twt'lve mus-
kets, and no flints. The same year the small-
pox broke out among the friendly [ndiaus,
and many of tlieni perished.

Troublous Timks.
As long as there were two colonies here,
"William Beckman had a hand in one, but had
little to say since the Company had surren-
dered all its rights to the City Colony, and
was little regarded. This, however, did not
prevent him from keeping up a correspond-
ence with Stnyvesant and from disputing
with Ilinoyosa. He sought every op|)ortuMity
to annoy the latter, even to complaining <if his
liaiightiness, and went so far as to accuse him
of having l)urned the palisades of the fort
under his brewing kettles, of ha\'ing sold mus-
kets to the Indians, and the City's millstones to
]^^arylanders, in exchange for tobacco. All
this, it is alleged, he proved by testimony.
Corruption on the part of ofheials was no new
thing at that earW day. Yiwt as Ilinoyosa
was high authority, he soon made IJeek-
man's situation so uncomfoi'table that the lat-
ter was compelled to petition St\iyvesant not
to allow him to be banished to ^raryland in
the winter time, as was threatened. Htuyves-
ant took pity on him and otHcially directed
that he should remain at .tltona (Christina),
cultivate land, and be allowed five or six men
to assist him. But he soon discovered that the
latter part of the order would avail him noth-
ing, for no freeman had the right to assist him,
or to trade with either the Indians or the Eng-
lish. Ilinoyosa had estopped all this by as-
serting his right to half the land and the
traffic. Fifty laborers had laudetl during the
last year, who were also farmers and soldiers,
and were to be paid one hundred guilders jier
year by the governor. There were also six
or seven girls in the importation who were to
keep house for these laborers. These women
liad engaged themselves in Holland to serve
for a term of years in the colony for the ex-
penses of their passage. This is the first men-
tion we hare of "redemptioners" — those who
were to redeem their passage by labor — ar-
riving in this country. This was in 160.']. I<^
was, in reality, a species of slavery, and in
after years grew into a large busim ss on the
part of the ship owners.

This was a new ojiportuuity for Ilinoyosa
to indulge his cupidity. We are informed
that he asserted his rights to these women and
hired them out for his own ]irofit foi- sixty,
seventy and eighty guilders per annum. It
was an infamous proceeding on his ]iart, and
shows the characti'r of the man in no envia-
ble light.

Success in his schemes for self aggrandize-
ment endjoldened this bad man, and he be-
gan to lay jilaus for the accjuisition of in-
creased means. He contemplated erecting a
tine residence at "Apoquiming,'' antl estab-
lished a metropolis there, with tlu^ \iew of se-
curing control of all the English trade. His
i<leas were exalted, and had he possessed any
moral jirinciple, he might have become the in-
strument for doing great good. But like all
men who are actiuited by improper motives,
he grew sus])icious of intrigue against him
and led a miserable life. It was a great relief
to him when his old and imulacable enemy
Beckman was finally removed to Esopus on
the Hudson Kiver, .luly 4, IGGt, and given a
small office.

But corruption an<l bad government were
raiiidly undcrmininti the iiower of the Dutch
on the Delaware, and instead of growth
in population and jirosperity, the colonies
began to show signs of decadence; it
was already ai>parent to careful observers that
the end of Dutch rule in the Xew ^\'orld was
near at hand.

ricturning to the visit of Colonel Ftie, as
the agent of Lord Baltimore, to New .Vmstel,
in 1G.j9, it becomes necc-ssary to state a fe\r
facts in order to enable the reader to under-
stand something about the beginning of the
boundary trouble which lasted for so many
years. Lord Baltimore, it appears, claimcl
Altona (Christina) as lying within his prov-
ince. This demanci, made through Colonel
Utie, caused great uneasiness at New Amster-
dam, and Stnyvesant decided to send an em-
bassy to the governor of ilaryland, with full
power to denumd re])aration for the damage
caused by the demand of Colonel Utie for the
surrender of the colonies on the Delaware.
The damage consisted partly in the injury
done to the prosperity of New Amstel by the
consternation prodticed there by the demand
and partly in the results of the insidious ef-
forts made to frighten and seduce the iidiabi-
tants from their fidelity to their true and law-

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STATE OF 1)EI,A]\M:E

37

fill govonuuout. The ciiiba.ssy of Goverixir
Stuyvc'saiit was also einpowcred amiuahly to
settle tiic (lis])iite. Tliis latter feature was
really tlie iiiaiu object of tlie mission. Two
rcinarkalile and distinguislied residents of
Xew Amsterdam were si-leeted for this tleli-
eate mission, viz: Anpnstiis Herman, a na-
tive of Bohemia, and liesolved AValdruii.
The story of the life of Iferman, whieli will be
found in another ])art of this work, is very
strange, and reads like a romance. He after-
wards became the proprietor of Hohemia
!Manor, a tract of land comprising eigliteeii
thousand acres, and lying |)artly in Delaware
and ■Maryland. His acquisition of the Manor
very likely grew out of this mission, and af-
fords a glimpse into some of the wide-awake
practices of tliese early speculators, who seem
to have been actuated by as keen perceptions
for the acq\iisitiou of land as are those of the
present day.

A Pkiulous Jouenky.

The eommissioncrs set out on their journey
from New Amstel, accompanied by Indian
giiides and a small escort of soldiers, in the
month of October. They had to thread their
way across the western part of Delaware and
into Jlaryland, for the most part through
primeval forests, arrayed in all their rich au-
tumnal tints. Occasionally a narrow Indian
trail enabled them to make luore raj)id jiro-
gress, but in the main they had to cut their
own path. Finally they reached an atlluent
of the ('hesa])eake, and thenee by canoe navi-
gation passed the residence of the redoubta-
ble Colonel l^tie, situated on an island at tlie
mouth of the Sassafras River. They had
heard such tcrri!)le things of Colonel Utie at
Xew Amstel that they did not deem it prudent
to call on him for fear he would arrest them.
After several days of land and water travel
they readied Kent Island in safety, and were
very courteously received there by Ciovernor
-fVndall, Secretary Calvert, and the Pivivin-
cial CouiK'il.

Dnriiig tiie visit of the commissioners tlie
contiicting claims of the Dutch and <jf Lord
lialtimore to the territory were ctmsidered.
Among other matters iirged by the Dutch
cdiumissioners against the pretension of lii^
lordshi]), the misrepresentations c(jntaiiicd iu
the petition on wliich his grant had Ik.h

made, and the fact that the Dutc-h had jdant-
ed Coloniis within its limits, and had sealed
their title to the territory with tiieir blood —
alluding to the mas.-acrc on the •■lloorn Kill"
— prior to tiie date (d' the grant, were distinct-
ly presented and prcs>cc| through the discus-
sions.

lint perhaps the most remarkable thing de-
veloped in the course of the dismission was the
final proposition submitted by the Dutch
conlnlis^ioners. Finding there was no other
prospect of reconciling their differences, they
at length proposed to divide the territory by
a eonventiunal line running north and south
through the middle of the peninsula. They
even designated on the map prominent points
for the location of this line, bringing it so
near to where the jiresent boundary line be-
tween I)ela\\are and IMaryland runs, as to
leave no doubt that that proposition in IC,')!*
became the original of the idea of the conven-
tional division afterwards proposed to the suc-
ceeding Lord lialtimore by "William renii.
To these Dutch commissioners, therefore, are
we indebted for the suggestion which finally
ended in giving Delaware so odd a position on
the map. Very likely the idea was evolved in
the fertile brain of Augustus Herman, but he
had passed away before it was carried into ef-
fect.

The jiroposition for division at that time
was rejected, and when the deliberations
closed, the object of the commission was not
accomplished. The commissioners then start-
ed on their return, and after many weary
days of toil through forests and morasses
landed safe at New Amstel. Xo further ne-
gotiations were attempted, nor were any fur-
ther demands made by either i)arty for the
settlement of the dispute.

Lefore tlie close of the year, the governor
of .Maryland ordered a survey to be made of
lands within si.x or eight miles of Xew Amstel,
and granted them to inhabitants of the pro-
vince. Xoiie of the jiarties to whom they
were assigned, however, ever attemi)ted to
take possession or settle on them. This would
have been useless, because the Dutch were on
the alert, and had instructions from Stuy-
vesaiit to repel them by force of arms, if they
made the attempt, as unlawful illvader^ of his
territory.

Some time in the ^llbseqllellt year Lord Bal-
timore made another effort to acquire by ])ur-

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38

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

eliase the lauds claimed by liiia, as falling
within his grant, through his agvnt in the city
of Ainstei-dani, and by a direct ajiplication to
the Dutch AVest India Company to surrender
to him the settlements of .\ltona and Xew
Amstel and their r(>si)ective neighboriioods,
upon condition of his reimbursing the Com-
pan}' for all expenses iuciu-red on account of
them. The Company not only perempt<jrily
refused this otfcr, but took occasion in their
reply to his eouununication — which assertetl
his claim on them luider his patent and as
within the degrees of his grant — to atilrm
their right and title to them by possession
under the grant of the States General fur
many years without claim or molestation from
him or any other person, and to admonish him
that they were resolved to retain and defend
them to the utmost extremity, in case he per-
sisted in his pretension antl should resort to
forcible means to obtain possession. They
also soon afterwards a])pealed to Stuyvesant
to represent through their minister at Lon-
don, to the ministry of Kngland, the situation
of their affairs with Lord I5altiniore in rela-
tion to the matter, and to request that the
British sovereign would enjoin upon his lord-
shij) to desist from any encroachments upon
them until a boundary line could be estab-
lished between his province of ]\rarvland and
their possessions on the Delaware Kiver. This
was in due time attended to by Stuyvesant
and the Statcs'Ceneral, as requested. That
it was brought to the atteirtion of the English
sovereign is inferred from the fact, that at a
session of the governor and Council of the
Province of ]\raryland held in ^lay, ItiOl, a
resolution to the following effect was adopted:

That inasmuch as it was doubtful whether the
settlement of New Amstel was below the fortieth
degree of north latitude, and the Dutch West India
Company was determined to maintain its posses-
sions on the Delaware by force, and there was no
hope of any aid from the other Eng-lish colonies in
the attempt, no further efforts should bo made to
reduce them to obedience to the authority and
jurisdiction of the province, until the will of his
lordship should be known in regard to the matter;
and that some effort should be made in the mean-
time to ascertain whether it was within the boun-
daries of his grant.

After the conference, and the passage of
the resolution, the relations of the disputants
became harmonious, and an era of good feel-
ing ensued. Lord Baltimore, after his warn-
ing from the English Court, was di-po-cil to
be fricndlv. So far did this amicabli iidiu"'

extend, that in August, 1G62, his lordship,
with a numerous suite, made a friendly visit
to the director general of the City Colony at
Xew Amstel, and was very cordially received
and entertained for two days. lie then ex-
tended his visit to the authorities at Altona,
where a like recejition awaited him. While
here he received an invitation from Stuyves-
ant to extend his visit to Xew Amsterdam and
|)artake of the hosjiltalities of the capital of
Xew Xetherlands. So anxious was the
Dutch Ciovernor to have Lord Baltimore
visit him, that he tendered him a suitable es-
cort. But, unfortunately, the engagements
of his lordship were such that he was obliged
for the time being to forego the pleasures of
a visit.

-Vdvext of thk English.

In the spring of IGG-i letters patent were
issued by Charles the Second of England to
liis brother, James, Duke of York and Al-
banv, for all the main land beginning and ex-
tending from the Biver St. Croix, now the
northern botuidary of the United States, to the
east side of the Delaware Hay. And among the
rights and privileges conferred on him by it
were those of Boyal Covernor, subject to the
sovereignty of the King. Long jjrevious to
that date, it had been the purjiose of CJiarlcs
to termimite the quarrels of the Dutch and
English settlers in America by estaldishiug
the long-asserted claim of the crown of Eng-
land to all the territory then in po.ssession of
the Dutch in this country; and he despatched
in the latter part of Islny, ICO-t, a fleet con-
sisting of two frigates, a slooj) of war, and a
transport, with tliree hundred troops, tui(ler
the command of Col. liicliard Xichols, with
whom were associated three royal commission-
ers. 'J'hey were instructed to visit the Eng-
lish colonics on the coast, and to hear coni-
jilaints and settle the peace and security of the
same. Their first duty would be the reduc-
tion of the Dutch in or near Long Island,
or anywhere within the English dominicms,
to entire obedience to the sovereignty of
the British Crown, as a remedy for the
many grievances which the British colonists
had so long suffered at their liand.s. But be-
fore the expedition had reached its destina-
tion, on the --'."ith of .Tunc, 1(!(14, the Duke of
York sold an<l convcvcd to Lord Berkclev and

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STATI'J OF DHLAWARI-J

39

Sir George Carteret that portion of tlie lauds
granted to lain lying between the lliulson
liiver and the Delaware Bay, and now con-
stituting the State of New Jersey. This ter-
ritory was then named New Jersey in conipli-
nient to Sir Cieorge Carteret, who had been
governor of the island of Jersey, and had
tirndy held it for Charles the First during- his
conflict with the rebellious Parliamentary
forces, and whose devotion to the royal cause
was in no part the consideration for the sale.
Early in September the thet appeared be-
fore New Amsterdam and demanded its sur-
render. (iovernor-(ieneral Stuyvesaiit was
terror stricken, and after a little parleying
yielded to the demand of the English and
liaided down the Dutch flag, because he was
unable to offer any resistance. It was a ter-
rible humiliation for the blustering Dutch-
man, but there was no alternative.

The capture of New Amsterdam having
been accomplished without the firing of a gun
or the loss of a life, the next move was to se-
cure the settlements on the Delaware. To do
this a portion of the fleet was detached anil
pent on that mission. Sir Tlobert Carr, chief
of the commission accorapauying the fleet,
had charge of the expedition. lie bore writ-
ten instrui'tions, among which was the follow-
ing, evidently dictated or inspired by the
King:

"If Sir Ixobert finds he cannot reduce the
)<lace [Fort Amstel] by force nor upon the
conditions before mentioned ^[absolute sur-
render] he may add such' as he may deem
necessary; but if both fail, he is, by a mes-
senger to the Governor of ^Maryland, to ask
aid, and from all other English who live near
the Dtitrh plantations. He is to declare to
Eord IJaltimore's son and all the English con-
cerned in Maryland, that this great expense
to His !Majo>ty in ships and soldiers has been
incurred solely for the puiiiose of reducing
foreignei's in these parts to His ^fajesty's
obedience; but that being reduced at His
^fajesty's expense, he is commanded to hold
])oppession for His "Nfaiesty's own behoof and
right, and that he is willing to unite with the
Governor of Maryland in His l^^ajcsty's in-
terest on all occasions; and if my Lord Balti-
more doth pretend right thereto by his patent
(whi<'h is a doubtful case"), yon are to say that
yon only keep po.ssession till His ]\rajesty is
infcnncd and otherwise satisticd."

Fortunately, Sir Iiobert Carr had no occa-
sion to call on the governor of ^Xlaryland for
any assistance on his arrival before New Am-
stel. But suppose he had, what must have
been the feelings of the governor on reading
the instructions? "While they would have been
regarded as imperative, the reflection, the in-
.-inuation, the insult contained therein, must
have very greatly damped the ardor of his
excellency. The doubts cast on his claim for
territoi-y in that vicinity shows how it was re-
garded by the king.

Su- Iiobert Carr, with his fleet and troops,
passed the capes in due season and entered
the bay and river. In a short time he
came in sight of Fort Amstel. There were
no signs of resistance, not a gun was fired,
which caused him to wonder why the com-
mandant gave him such a cool reccjition, when
it was known that he was on a warlike mission.
He then sailed past tlie fort a short distance,
dropped his anchors and came to a standstill
to await developments. No one apjjearing to
either welcome, or warn him off, he finally
sent a boat ashore and made a formal demand
in the name of the King of England for the
surrender of the fort, the town and all the
possessions of the City C(jlony on the bay and
river. After one day of parley and delay,
the authorities and a majority of the citizens
of the town were generally disposed to sur-
render the place without further hesitation
but a minority, at the head of whom firmly
stood Governor Hinovosa, strenuously re-
fused to give up the place. Seeing theii- help-
lessness and feeling that it was only a ques-
tion of time when surrender must come, Sir
Iiobert was dispo.sed calmly to await devel-
o]mients. Three days wore thus consumed,
when the town authorities an<l citizens deter-
mined to ca])itulate without the consent and
against the will of Hinoyosa. He then re-
tired with his party within the fort, deter-
minded to make as stubborn a resistance as pos-
sible. The next morning Sir Bobert ordered
the frigate and sloop of war to drop down be-
low the fort, but within musket range, and
each ATSsel to discharge two broadsides into
it; troops wci'e then to be landed for the pur-
pose of storming it at the point of the bayonet.
The plan of attack was promptly executed by
both the shi])s and th(> soldiers amid consid-
erable din, ^\■llcn, in a few nnniitc^, the crumb-

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40

BIOGRA PHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ling walls of the fort were scaled and it was
soou ill tlie possession of the English. Tlie
loss to the Dutch was four killed and ten
wounded out of a garrison of between thirty
and furty men. 'J'he doughty IJinoyosa was
now a prisoner of war. His resistance was
little less than madness, for tlie old fort was
utterly untenable and his force insuflicicnt to
i-opc witli the English. By the terms of the
capitidation the inhabitants took the oath of
;illcgiance to the King of England, and re-
nuiincd undisturbed in their houses and prop-
erty. It was likewise determined that the
Swedes should remain undisturbed in their re-
ligion as Lutherans, and in the service of God
as they desired.

Thus ended Dutcli rule on the Delaware.
The name of New. Amsterdam was changed
to New York, and New Anistcl became New
(.'astle, a name which it still bears. At that
time, according to the best authorities, it con-
tained a )io])nlation of between two and three
liundred and was considere<l a ])lacc of some
note on the river. 'Tlio territory now com-
prised witliin the limits of the State of Dela-
ware at that time did not contain more tluui
two thousand inhabitants. 'I'he failure of the
two ]ireccding races to make any greater pro-
gress in the settlement and po])idation of this
region so highly favored by nature during the
long time they occupied it, is largely attrib-
utable to the wars and disputes which arose
between them in the struggle for possession.
Eully fifty years lyid elapsed since the Dutch
hecame masters, without any consideralde pro-
gress cither in nuudtors or in prosjierity.

The Dctcii Aqaix.

Eut the settlements on the Delaware were
not yet to enjoy peace. War again broke out
between England and the Netherlands, and in
August, 1073, a ])owerful Dutch fleet cap-
tured New York and subjected the English
t(i their control. Tu the articles of eajiitu-
latidii it was stijiuhited that tlie civil and mili-
tary rights of tlie Dutch should be extended
tu the settlements on the Delaware, and so the
inhabitants were now compelled to take the
oath of allegiance to the States and the Prince
of Orange. Thereu])on .\nthony Colve wa-^
appointed governor general of N('\v York

and its adjacent territories, lie again ap-
pointed i'eter Alrich as his commandant, ur
\ice-governor over the "South' liiver" settle-
ments. \'erily the pioneers of Delaware were
subjected to many tribulations and surprises
in the aduiinistration of their government, and
it is not strange that they were discouraged
by the almost perpetual state of demorali/.a-
tion in which tliey were kept.

Peter Alrich took the oath of allegiance to
the new government and entered on the dis-
charge of his duties without delay. 'The first
article of ins instructions, says the reverend
historian Aerelius, read as follows: 'Tie
sliall uphold the true Christian doctrine, in
accordance with the Decree of the Synod of
Dordt, and admit of no other doctrine in con-
flict therewith." 'i'hus the proposition was at
this time made to expel the Augsburg Con-
fession from the country.

The English Recaptuke the Cou.ntrv.

But the new administration of atfairs was
doomed to a brief existence, for it was ter-
minated by the Peace of Westmin.-<ter, Febru-
ary 19, 1071, in the tenth article of which it
was stated, ''that whatever countries, towns,
fortresses, t^'c, liad been captured on either
side since the beginning of the war, should
be restored to their former lord and owner."
In consequence of this, New York and its de-
pendencies were restored to the English June
2!), 1074. The Dutch reign, therefore, lasted
only about fifteen months, and Govenmr Al-
rich was again out of office.

'The English having be<-omc masters of the
territory so long in disjjute, the province of
New York now end)raced all the country ly-
ing between New England and the Delaware
river, of wiiich James, the Duke of York, was
made tlie ])roprietor, in honor of his heroism
with the I'liiglish fleet, which he commanded
against the Hollanders durina- the aforesaid
war. His grant comprised what are known as
the "Three Lower ('ounties" on the other side
of the Delaware, namely, New Cattle, Kent
and Sussex. 'The government was couductiMl
by a governor in the name of the Duke of
York, for that prince never came personally
to the country. 'To the government of New
York also belonged all the iidiabited country
on the west side of the Delaware, which was

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STATE OF Dh'LAWAL'E

41

sometimes called "A'ew Virginia," but mostly
"The riaces upon tlie JJelawaie," which
meant the Swedish and Dutch settlements.

L'nder the Swedish go\ernment, it will be
reuienibcied, no deeds were given lor the lauds
occupied by the settlers, only those excepted
which were gi\en as iiefs by the t^ueen Chris-
tina, 'ihe Hollanders, however, nuide out a
nujuber of tleeds in IGoO, mostly lor building
lots in >,'ew Castle, and its vicinity. .Mean-
while no rents were imposed, but a small in-
come was required which was barely sntlicient
to pay local expenses, liut when the I'Jnglish
came into power all occupants were required
to take out new deeds for their laud. 'J'hese
deeds Were i.'isued in the uame of the Duke of
York. The rent was a bushel of wheat for
every hundred acres, if so demanded. .V few
took out deeds, while others did not trouble
themselves to do so, ''but," as an old-time
writer says, '"only agreed with the Indians for
a piece ui land for which they gave a gun, a
kettle, a fur coat, or the like; and they sohl
them again to others for the same, for the land
was superabundant, the inhabitants few, and
the government not strict." Hence it came
that in lawsiuts for land people appealed to
"Indian rights," which were valid when they
could be proved. The deeds wiiich were given
to the Swedes contained the proviso, "so far as
they remain faithful to the government. '
'J'hose who took deeds for large tracts of laud
were soon in great distress aliout their rents,
which, however, were very light, if they culti-
vated their land and had fair cr(«}is, but lu'aNy
enough if they worcnot industrious and tiie
season was poor. In many eases of failure, the
renters became discouraged and transferred
their lands to others; but their descendants
had cause to lament their actions. A few
I'higlish settlers came into the neighborhood,
and were the only ones paid anything for a
])iece of land. But the Indians looked upon
them as another race of people, and showed
them less friendship, as they were less ac-
quainted with them. Disorders were frequent
("in acnunt of the demoralization which jU'c-
\'ailed. \ historian of the time tells us their
prevailing evil was idleness. There was no ag-
rictdture, no traffic beyond what was required
by absolute necessity. The forests were tilled
with game and the streams with fish. Thr
Duke of York derived little more fnun his do-
m:iiu tlinn the uauie pi-oju'ictor.

Aiu{i\AL 01' William Pknx.

It is necessary in this connection to relate
under what circumstances William Tenn, the
t^uaker, came to ajiply to iving CTiarles, for a
grant of land in .\nierira for the purpose of
founding a c(jlony. 'This grant, which was
made .March -i, His], endu-aced also that part
ot the cdunti-}- in America, witii the islands
adjacent thereto, wbicii was bounded on tiie
east by the Delaware Ki\'cr. 'i'hc line was thus
iletined in the charter: Ijeginniug "from
twehe nules distance northwards of A'ew C'as-
th' town unto the three and fortieth degree
of northern latitude, if the said river doth ex-
tend so far northward, but if tlie =aid river shall
not extend so far northward, then by the said
ri\er so far as it doth extend; and from the
head of the said river the eastern bounds are
to be deternnned by a meridian line to be
drawn from the head of said ri\-er unto said
forty-third degree. The said lands to extend
westward live ilegrees in longitudi', to be com-
puted from the said eastern bounds; and tue
said lands to be bounded on the north by tho
begiiniing of the three and fortieth degree of
northern latitude; and on the south by a circle
drawn twelve nules distance from New Castle
northward and westward unto the beginidng
of the forty-third degree of northern latitude;
and then by a straight line westward to the
liniits'of longitude above mentioned."

The consideration for this magnificent do-
main was "two beaver skins, to be delivered to
the King at A\'indsor Castle on the 1st of Jan-
uary in every year; and also tho fifth part of
all gold and silver ore, which should from time
to time happen to be fomnl within the Hunts
aforesaid, clear of all charge. And we do
hereby erect the aforesaid country and islands
into a Province and signiorv and do call it
Pennsylvania, and so from henceforth will
have it called."

Kules and regulations for the guidance of
the Proprietar3' were laid down, how laws
shall be nmde and executed, and then it was
distinctly stated that Penn should be answera-
ble for every offence committed by him
against the laws of England relative to trade
and navigation, aiul should pay all damages
assessed against him in the cottrts of the
realm within one year. Otherwise the King
may resume the government of the Province
tnitil idl such dauiages arc paid. TvTo individ-

Lrily.'.; id. I ',1 .- JmJ -.Klrjlj . ('I').;

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42

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOrEDIA

ual was to be disturbed in his rights. I'eiin,
among other things, was autliorized to appoint
a Captain General, or Lieutenant Ciovernor,
to carry the laws into eft'eet. Neither tlie Jving
nor J'arlianient had jwwer to impose on the in-
Jiabitants any taxes or subsidies, without tiie
consent of Pcnn.

After tliis cliarter was confirmed, I'enn
made his plan known in England and invited
settlers to accompany him to the new country.
After much thought, and with great care,
lie drew up a form of government whi( h was
in many respects a model, and attracted widj
attention. A Constitution, consisting of forty
articles, was also framed, and assented to by
those present and signed, ilay o, 1GS2.

At the same time followed two t)ther deeds
of gift, though called sales, which Prince
James, Duke of York, made to "*,Villiam Penn,
of that land on the same side of the Delaware,
which had been granted to him by James'
brother, King Charles II., and of which he
was proprietor. The former, dated August
24, 1GS2, gave to Penn the town of New
Castle, with all that land which lies within
a circle of twelve miles, drawn from and to
the river. The purchase money was ten shill-
ings, and a rent of five ditto, to be paid yearly
on [Michaelmas day to the Duke, to his heirs,
or to whomsoever he appointed to receive it.
In the latter part of the same day an«l year,
ho also transferred all that land upon the
Delaware bay and river beginning twelve
miles south of the town, of New Castle, and
e.xtending to "Iloorn Kill," or Cape Ilen-
lopen. The purchase money was ten shil-
lings. The yearly rent demanded by the
Duke was one rose to be presented on ilichael-
nias day, if so demanded. Dut Penn bound
himself to pay annually to the Duke and his
heirs, or those whom they might appoint, one-
half of all the rents, income and resources
which might accrue from the land. In the
event that either a part or the whole of the
rents should be in arrears for twenty years,
the land should revert to the Duke, &c., until
the ^^■hole was paid.

Peoixnino of Delaware.

In these two transfers of land we have the
nucleus, the beginning, of the State of Dela-
ware, a State that has been ever fm'cniost in
patriotism and unswerving dcv(iti..ii to the

principles of independence. The history of
the territory and tlie diti'ercnt peoples that in-
habited it, and the ditierent governments
under which they lived, is a strange and ro-
mantic stur}'.

Having made all the necessary jn-eparations
to visit tlie jirovince which liacl been so gra-
ciously granted to him in the New World,
William Penn sailed from Juigland with a
large company and arrived in safety in the
Delaware otf New Castle, October I'l, 10^2.
The iidiabitants were on the alert to receive
their new ruler; the Swedes, who had passed
through so many trials, triimlations and sor-
rows, especially, welcomed him with great cor-
diality when he came ashore on the iTth. The
great philanthropist was pleased with his re-
ception and mingled freely with the people
in their houses, inquired into their condition,
and v>-ith diligent care set about familiari/.ing
himself with the country and the needs of its
Iieople. It was a great day for New Castle,
and marked the beginning of a new epoch in
its history. Inasmuch as William Penn first
set foot on the soil of his Pnjvince at New
Castle, it has often been a source of wonder
among many i)eoi)le that the Historical Society
of Delaware, under the guiding direction of
Henry C. Conrad, Esq., that devoted student
of local history, has not ere this set up a tablet
to mark the spot where he stepped ashore, and
thus suitably commemorate an event fraught
with the destiny of two sovereign states of
this mighty confederation.

After leaving New Castle Penn went to
I"j)land, (now Chester), where he disembarke 1
and proceeded to organize his government.
To enter into detailj would be irrelevant to
our present ])urp(jse. Suffice it to say that a
great deal of work was involved, but that the
proprietar}' governor addressed himself to the
task with great vigor and industry. "When lie
came, he found three counties partially oraan-
ized, namely, New Castle, Jones and New
Dale, while Pennsylvania, by tlie oiJiratioii
of the twelve mile circle, had liut one. and the
nucleus of that one .she had obtained by the
generosity of the Dnke of York, and from the
Miiall incipient state of Delaware. l''ur-iiant
to call, eh^'fi.ins were held, anil the Ceneral
Assembly, composed of members from the
Province of Pennsylvania and the three lower
counties— or "territories of the Province." as
they Were so,, 11 after ,l,-iL;nate,l in coiilradis-

I" ll'.li.)

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46

BIOGRAriHCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

assistance fur tlieir spiritual coiKlitioii." Tliii
Avas regarded by the Swedes as a severe reliec-
tion; and the more so, that they shoulil be re-
presented in London as disorderly and as
having little regard for tlie govennneut of
tiieir native country, when they ilattered
themselves that they were only resjicctfully
aikiug for their rights. They accordingly
' i)resented a petition to the Assembly in 1713,
demanding tiiat proof should be submitted
showing that they were a law abiding people
during the whole time this country had been
under English government, and that even to
the present time they had cuuducted them-
selves as quiet and loyal sulijects. They
furthermore requested that tliis evidence
might be presented to the Swe<lish and Kugiish
courts through tlieir Provost Bjork. Wh'it
action was taken on the petition does not aj)-
jiear.

Some years later, owing to certain measures
on the part of the proprietor's commissioners,
the matter was again stirred up, and another
petition was presented to the Assembly in
ITl'l', in which the chief complaint was that
Tenn, by his agents — and especially within
the jireceding rtvo years — had interfered
witli the Swedes' lands, and also with the lands
of those Avho had the same titles, or were tiie
oldest English inhajiitants in the country, and
not only had original titles to the lands ob-
tained from the Englisli authorities before
Penn's time, but the further contirmation,
according to the fundamental laws of the
country, of at least seven years' undisputed
possession; this was held in itself to constitute
a sound title.

The petition was not ignored. The Assem-
bly laid it before William Keith, the govern-
or, for consideration, together with the expla-
mition of the agents or commissioners. The
Penn board of commissioners was composed
of Ikiehard Hill, Isaac Norris, and James Lo-
gan, and they made answer to the complaint
as follows: "That the titles which people had
of the Duke of York had never been called in
((lU'stion; that the Swedes had no cause for
tlieir com]ilaints, considering the high favor
in which they stood with the Proprietor, who,
though they were aliens in the Knglisii govern-
ment, and were in possession of the best lands
upon the Delaware at the time of Penn's ar-
rival, were yet confirmed in tlieir im-sosions

without any further investigation, and this,
lie it observed, to the great injury of those
who had ventured their life and jjroperty
upon the sea, to people the country, Arc. But
that these coniplaints had their origin in
another cause, namely: tiiat evil minded
people wlio dwelt among tiiem, and stood in
clo.-er (Miniii'clioii witli the JMiglish Crown, had
already in the former unhappy times, in order
to distuib the public, used the Swedes as in-
strunieiils and means, in which they have the
greater chiims to be excused, as they are to-
tally unacciuaintcd with such matters. That
these iMiglishmen may be properly regarded
as the same ilisturbers, to whom all ditfeivnces,
which arise anywhere, are to be ascribed.
That the Swedes in the country have never
been disturbed by the jiroprietor, nor by any
one under him, Imt that they are badly dealt
with by those who, from time to time, abuse
their hands and names, to push forward plans
that require such a cloak. That the Swedes,
as they are descended from a race renowned
for its submission and obedience to civil au-
thorities, are of themselves, when not misled
by others, quiet and honest men. But as the
Proprietor [Penn] is now deceased, the mat-
ter could not be further investigated." AVith
this report the matter ended; nor do we hear
of any later conqdaints.

LOKD B.VLTIilOJtE AuAIX.

Having disjiosed of the serious matter re-
garding the titles, let us return to the early
days of Penn and consider, briefly, his dis-
luite with Lord Baltimore regarding tlie
boundary lines of the Province. Penn claim-
ccl that even if his lordship's patent had iu
good faith included any [lart of Delaware Bay
and river, his lordship had forfeited his right
to it by the long interval of time which had
elapsed without his taking possession of it,
or reducing it to the sovereignty of England,
under which he claimed it; that the King at
last had been obliged to do that liimst-lf, and
that tlieri'fore it was his to do as he ]ileased
with it. Xot being aiile to change the mind
of his lor<lship, Penn next proposed to him tliat
though it was two degrees and a half from
AVatkins' Point to the fortieth degree of north
latitude, at sixty miles to the degree, instead
of se\'entv, vet if he would consent that tin;

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STATE OF DELAWARE

47

nu-asureinont should be computed at sixty
niik's to the degree, ho \voukl agree to coui-
luence at the fortietli degree, fall where it
might. His lordship, however, dissented, and
the eonfeience was eoneluded without any
eonii)roiiiise or adjustment of the dispute.
'i'his eoufereiiee t()(jk j)lac* at West River,
Deeemher, ]1), Uis;5, where Pcnn visited liis
lordship in the liope of being able to settle the
boundary di.<pute. Lord Baltimore, evidently
thinking to iiujiress Pcnn with his exalted sta-
tion, was attended by a numerous and brilliant
suite, and treated the plain Friend with mark-
ed attention and courtesy. It was on this oe-
easi(jn that I'enn presented Lord Baltimi>re
with a letter from King Charles JT, to the
effect that he (Lord Baltimore) had but two
degrees aect)rding to his patent, and that, be-
ginning at Watkins' Point, he should measure
the degrees at sixty miles io the degree, that
being well and univer.^ally iindei"stood to bo
the extent of a degree of territorial latitude
at that jKiint when his letters patent were
issued. His lordshij) rejjlied that the King
was greatly mistaken, and that he would not
abandon his i)atent to follow the King's letter,
nor could a letter annul Ins patent.

Penn rejoiiu'd that he thought tho mistake
was on Lord Laltimore's i)art, for though his
patent began at WatkiiLs' Point and extended
to the fortieth degree, yet that was assinncd
to be under tlie thirty-eighth degree, ami if he
liad to start below that degree, then Virginia
would be wronged. At this ])oiut tin; uncle
and chancellor of his lordship, who were pres-
ent during the conference, renuu'ked that this
grant given to the elder Lord Baltinioi-e was
not by degrees, as contem])\ated by him when
he applied for it, for he had more of \'irgiuia
given iiim, but being planted, and the grant in-
tending oidy land nut jilanted, or pKssc^^'^ed
by any othc-r than savage nations, he left it
out so that it might not forfeit the ri'st. It
then occurred to Penn that by that answer ho
(Lord Baltimore) could pretend nothing to
Delaware which had been discovered, bought
and jdanted by the Dutch before that time,
and sd it co\dd not liave been intended to be
inchuhd in the gnant.

Some time in the month of May, 1084, fol-
lowing this conference, Penn received a mes-
sage from Tyord Baltimore inviting him to
meet him at the head of C'hesa])eake Bay, but
his euiiaa-emcnt-; iii-eventinc it, he mi t him a

few daj's later in the forest ten miles wctst
of Xew Ca.stle. 'J'lic nueting in the wilder-
ness was a very pleasant one, anil each shower-
ed compliments on the other. Penn gave
his lordship a cordial invitation to accomj)any
him to New Castle, which was aecej)tcd, and
the cavalcade moved thither. Li order to
slidw his hosi)itality and nuiko the stay of
his distinguished visitor as j)leasant as possible,
Penn entertained him as handsomely as the
facilities of the town would afford. After
having recovered from the fatiguc-s of the
joui-ncy and partaken of refri'shuunts. Lord
Baltimore signified to his host that he wished
to speak with him privately on the matter in
dis|iutc between them regarding the boundary
lines. The astute (Quaker suavely re]»licd that
whatever ]>assed between them on this nnitter
shiiuld be in Avriting in the presence of their
ropective councils, the better to avoid mis-
apprehension or the failure of memory. lUit
his lordship, equally cautious, evaded the])ro])-
osition, and in a short time excu.sed himself
by saying that he was not feeling well and
would prepare to return to ^laryland, re-
serving further consideration of tlie matter
for another time. That time never came.
AVhen his lordship found that Penu was
shrewd enough to insist on having witnesses
present when they disen.ssed the boundary lino
([uestion, he did not care about talking the
matter over. This did not speak well for him.
He was evidently incline<l to resort to sub-
terfuges, or else he felt that he eoidd not trust
Penn. That the latter was candid and truth-
fid, and did not seek an opportunity to take
advantage of any one, no one will deny. It
is therefore impossijile to avoid sus])icion a.s
to the intention of his lordship.

This conchision is borne out by subsequent
developments. Penn was aware at tho time
of their n.ieeting, that some time before his
lordshij) had issue<l a protdamation inviting
settlers, under his authority and ])rotectiou as
the Projirietary of tho Province of Maryland,
into the countries of Delaware at lower prices
for land than he was offering them, and that
the proclamation was attracting attention.
It was because he feared that this fact would
be dividgt^l that Lord Baltimore decline<l a
conference with Penn in the presence of wit-
nesses; and he thought Penn was not aware of
liis du|)licity. Ihit it availed him nothing.

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48

nwGnAPniOAL encyclopedia

Soon after the meeting at New Castle, Penn
received a communication from Lis lonlsliip
by the hand of a special mef^cnger duly au-
thoiizcd to present it, demanding the jwsses-
sion of all the country south of the fortieth
degree of north latitude, both in the I'rovincc
of Pennsylvania and the three lower counties
annexed to it. This bold demand was a sur-
prise to Penn, but he promptly refused to give
up possession. The next step on the part of
T.oril Baltimore was to order a jiarty from
^Maryland under command of Col. (Jcorge
Talbot to make forcible entry on several ])hin-
tatlons in Delaware teiTJtory and occupy the
same. This Avas virtually a declaration of war
on a small scale, on the part of his brliigc'rcnt
lordship. And an invasion was actually made.
Colonel 'J'albot came within five miles of
New Castle and seized a piece of ground
belonging to a gentlman named Ogle,
who had come over with Sir Pulicrt
C'arr and was present at the capture of Fort
Cassimcr and the Engiisli conquest of the
three lower counties. Ogle had erected a log
fort upon liis land, built a palisade, and thrown
u}) breastworks, having evidently learned of
the intentions of Lord IJaltimnre. Having
a small force of armed men, he held the fcirt
for some time against the formal demands
of the civil authorities at New Castle, wliom,
it seems, Talbot had induced to aid him in
the name and under the command of Lord
Baltimore. Here was a peculiar condition
of affaii"s. Nothing less than a high handed
outrage, with which it seemed tiuit tiic au-
thorities at Now Castle sympathized.

Penn was greatly surprisc<l when he heard
of the affair, and immediately instituted le-
gal jiroceedings to reinstate the parties who
had been dispossessed, and to punish those who
had taken jiart in the outrage. He also for-
warded a full account of the affair to the Duke
of York, with a demand for reparation.
AVhat came of it history fails to say, but it
must have convinced Baltimore that he must
do something to fortify his claim without de-
lay. He therefore soon afterwanis sit out for
England. Penn divined that his intention
was to lay the matter before the King and his
council. Four months after his an-ival,
Charles II died and was succeeded by his
brother the Duke of York, under the title of
James II. In coin-se of time, healings were

had at which Lord Baltimore and Penn were
both present, and after full argument before
the Lords of tho Committee, on the 13th of
November, 1GS5, they directed the following
order to be entered: '•That the lands intended
to be granted by the Lord Baltimore's patent
were only such lands as were cultivated or
inhabited by savages, and that the part then
in dispute was inhabited and ])lante<l by
Christians at and before the date of tlie Ivord
l>altimore's patent, as it had been ever since
that time, and continued as a distinct cijlony
fVum tliat of ^Maryland, and so tiiey were uf
opinion that fc.r avoiding further differences,
the tract of land lying between the Piiver and
Bay of Delaware and the Eastern Sea on tho
one .side, and Chesapeake Bay on the other,
be divided into two equal parts by a lino from
the latitude of Cape Ilenlopon to the fortieth
degree of north latitude (the south lioundary
of Pennsylvania by charter), and that the
eastern half thereof be adjudged to Ilis 'Mn-
jesty (viz., King James, who, when Duke
of York, granted to ^Mr. AViliiam Penn), and
the other half remain to the Lord Baltimore,
as comprised in his charter." And this was
not only afti^rwards recommende<l, but it was
ordertnl by the King to be done in 170'.). Thus
the peculiar boundary lines of Delaware, which
are a puzzle to many when they look upon
tiie map, came to be established; years how-
ever passed away, and it was only at the end
of a great lawsuit, in which the respective
heirs of the litigants were concerned, that tho
dispute was finally and forever settled.

During the long absence of Penn from tho
Province, when he Wius overtaken by mis-
fortunes and calamities, his government w;is
conducted by othei's, jealousy and dissension
s]irang up between the I'rovinco of Pennsyl-
vania and ''the territories," as the three lower
counties were called. 'J'he representatives in
the Assembly from the Province and tho tem-
torit« being ecpial in number, this of course
brought about a delicate and sensitive feeling
on account of the difference in population.
Tho feeling of jealousy originated with tho
]irovince, which was growing rapidly in popu-
lation and wealth, and this feeling showed it-
self in the Assembly. The cause, it is be-
lieved, lay in the suspici(m that the lower
c(junties might become the recii)ients of
greater favore from Penn.

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S7\[rE OF DELAWAEE

49

Xkw Castle DiSAPror.NTKD.

It was well known that Peiiu had greatly
disappointcil tho ijfople of iVcw Castle, ami
many of the inhabitants seattcreil throngh
tho throe eonnties, when I'hiladelphia was
seleeted for his i)rincipal eity. As ho tirst
landed at !Ne\v Castle, a]id was widl pleased
with its 'niagnifieent site on an luululaling
])lain, they eould not understand why he
should go up into the woods and the swamps
to found his capital. Jle had expressed his
admiration for Xew Castle, and led the peoplo
to believe that he intended to make it the
metropolis. It must be admitted that so far
as eligibility and location are concerned tliere
is no finer spot on the Delaware liivcr for a
gri'at city than Xew Castle. Ivcalizing, no
dciubt, that a mistake liad been made in found-
ing his city, Tenn always had a warm feeling
for Xew Castle, and manifested a strong de-
sire to prtimote its welfare and pri>siierity.
Actuated by this feeling, he occasionally con-
vened tJie Cicneral Assenddy at Xew Castle
before his dejiarture for England; and having
learned on his return, after an absence of lif-
teon years, that nuich dissatisfaction with cer-
tain pi-oceedings of tlie council of the govern-
ment hail arisen in the three lower counties,
he i>-ucil in December, IG'Jit, a call for the
rieneral Assend)ly to meet in New Castle in
the fall of 1780. Tie did this for the imr-
pose of trying to conciliate the people and allay
the growing dissatisfaction. Penn made a brief
a<ldress before the body, in which he recom-
mended re-adjustment of the frame of govern-
ment, a revision and completion of the body
of laws, and particularly those concerning the
settling of proiK-rty, and the supplying of
uieans for the support of government, he closed
with these memorable words: "I recommend
to you amity and concord among yourselves."
All were very happy to meet him, and the
session was harmonious, and closed apparently
to the satisfaction of all.

r.iit "concord" had not been restored. The
ne.xt Assenddy, which jnct at riiiladelphia in
1701, had an increased representation from
Pennsylvania, whi(di gave the prejionderanco
of power to the Province. Tt was then |iro-
posed to confirm certain acts ])assed at .Vew
Ca>tle in 17nn, on the ground that, as the
session was l](dd in the territories it was ma
competent to pass laws which shouh! be bind

ing on the J'rovince. This was regarded as
an arrogant assumption, made for the ptirpose
t)f subordinating and degrading the three
counties. It was, however, insisted on and
sustained by vote. 'J'his led to a tlnal .separa-
tion. There was a great deal of caucusing,
which it is imuecessary to detail in this cou-
nerlion, but amicable relations ciuild not be
restored, and from that time the mcndiers of
the Assenddy for the thri^e counties met at
Xew Castle, and those for the Pr.jvincc at
Phihuhdpbia. And for all the purposes of
governmeut they became st'parale and dis-
tinct from each other, the only governme ital
link connecting them being their deiicn.lenco
upon one and the same Proprietary.^ This
c.uidition continued until the Declaration of
lnde]iendence.

IJoUNDARV DlSClTE EeXEWED.

Once more the boundary line dispute was
renewc-d. Both William Pc-nn and Lord Balti-
more had been gathered to their fathers.
Their heirs sought to have the .picstion set-
tled The third Lord Baltimore and the lieuv:
of Penn agreed to settle the dispute on the
plan lai.l down by the Lords of the Comnuttee
for Trade and Plantations and approved In; tUe
Kin.., which have been given. The articles
of agreement were accompanied by a niap or

plan of the territory to be divub.l be ween
],ein. And it was furthermore agreed that
,he boun.larics were to be marked by stone
„ill,,. .et up at interval.; eomuussioners were
be appointed by the parties to do this on
,, ,,efore Deeember 2:-, 17:^r,, and for want
,.f a quorum of commi-Moners to nieet at any
,;,„, \v,r that purpose, the party by de an
of whose commissioners the artudes could ot
le carried into execution, should forfeit to tho

other t:5,000; and when done the parties were
to make couUmce to each other for their

several portions of the territory

Put strange as it may appear the mattei ^^ as
,u.alceted, and drifted ah.ng tor eighteen
years. Fiuallv the Penn heirs hied a b. 1 ni
the High Court of f"hancery m England
a<.-ainst Lord Baltimore for the execution ot
ihe arthdes of agreement. The trial av^s long
and tedious. INfuidi evidence was taken on
both sides, and the "Breviat" now forms one
.,f the v(dnines in the Second Series of Penn-
svlvania Archives. After listening to long

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50

BIOGRAPinCAL HSCYCLorEDlA

and nblo argiiiiienta by counsel on hotli sides,
Lord Clianeellor llardwiek, in 1750, decided
the case by entering a decree in favor of the
phiintifl's. Still there was delay. The running
of the line by jMessrs. .Mason and Dixon and
the setting up the pillars to indicate the line
was not completed until the year 1708, nor was
it contirnied by the King by orders in council
until the month of January in the following-
year. And it was not until April 8, 177.'),
that the governor of the three lower counties
and I'rovince of Pennsylvania published his
proclamation, requiring all oliicers and other
persons residing on the Delaware side to yield
obedience to the laws of the said counties and
govern themselves accordingly. This was fol-
lowed by an act of Assembly defining the
boundary lines, passed September 2, 1775,
which was the last but two passed under the
proprietary government of John Penn. On
the 4th of July, 1776, the Declaration of
Independence was adopted by Congress, an<l
in glad response to it, and under the majesty
of its sanction, by the 20th of Seiitombei' ful-
lowing, the freemen of the three lower counties
upon D(daware had, by tlieir delegates chosen
and in I'onvention assendiled, framed and
ad(jpted a constitution of government as a free,
independent sovereignty, under the name and
title of The Delaware State. 'J'hus, after a
long and peqilexing career under many rulers,
the conditions of the territory and ]icople wei'C
changed, and they put on new political robes
to enter upon a new destiny.

"Old Swedes' Cuuucn."

The Swedes were eminently a pious people.
One of their first duties in making a settlement
on the Delaware was to establish a cluu'ch;
and to-day the most sacred landmark in the
city of Wilmington is what is known as ''Old
Swedes' Church." It is a veritable shrine,
and attracts thousands of visitoi's annually.
The corner-stone for this sacred edifice was
laid by the Ttev. Eric Pjork, pastor of the
original Swedish Lutheran colony on the
Delaware River, ifay 28, 1G9S. there is a
well preserved tradition that when the con-
gregation set out to build it two hundred
years ago, the pious women carried small
stones to the masons in their ajirniis. This
was their contribution to the edifice lliat has

outli\'ed many generation^, and is still used
as a temple of worship.

Owing to the sacred character of this vener-
able editiee, and the associations which cluster
around it, the two hundi'Cth annivers^ary of its
fouiKling was reverently <jbserved on the 2Sth
of -May, 18'J8, under the tlirection of Kev. II.
-\shton Henry, rector of Ti'inity Church, and
liev. Alartin P. Dunlap, rector of Old Sweden'
Church.

This church building is the most important
relic of the Swedish-American colonial enter-
prise insjiired by King (Justavus Adolphus,
the third of the great Vasa sovereigns of
Sweden. It connects local church history
with the great religious reformation of Europe,
of which -Martin Luther was the theological
leader, and (Justavus Adolphus the royal mili-
tary cliamiiion. The building, simple as it is
in architectural conception, and rough as it
is in workmanship, is a growth of two cen-
turies duration. In its growth it has become
beatitlful. I'ortunately, the exterior additions
to the building have been in harmony with the
original design. In its rough picturesque
sinq)licity, no less than in its sacred character,
it is a fitting monument I'onunemorating the
zealous and industrious juety of the Swedish
Colonists in America, the impetuous piety of
Luther, and the glorious achievements of Gus-
tavus Adolphus in b<'half of civil and religious
liberty.

In American history, and especially in the
history of Delaware, this venerable church
cSmmeniorates great events. It marks the
site of one of the earliest European colonies
upon the iSTorth American continent. Includ-
ed in the conception and planning of the col-
ony of which the church is the oldest remain-,
were greater projects — higher ideals and
grander anticipations — than were included in
the jilanning of any other of the early Ameri-
can colonies. The people who came here were
not exiles fleeing from political or religious
persecution. They came to America as wards
of the most enlightened government, and citi-
zens of the most powerful nation in Europe.
Ilieir mi.ssion was not a merely sordid one.

I hose early colonists were not gold seek-
ing, race exterminating adventurers, but niis-
.sionaries sent forth for the "sjiread of the Holy
Cospcl," and for the foumling of a new nation
upon the broad princi|iles of civil and relifiious
libcrtv — a n:itiou the mai'kcd characteristics

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S7'.17'A' OF nKL.WVAUE

51

of whose charter was tolerance iii civic and re-
ligious art'airs; a -Xew Sweilen in which there
shonld be no slaves, and where every citizen
should enjoy freedom of conscience.

'J'he attempt to work out this great j)roject
in America began at what is now the site of
-Old Swedes'" Church, in the city of Wil-
mington'. There were no such just concep-
tions of government, nor yet of religious trce-
doni, behind the efforts of the English colo-
nists at ITyniouth or Jamestown, the Dutch
at ilanhattan, or the S[)aniards in South and
(Central America. 'J'he Swedish colonial pur-
pose was unique; and there is no record in
the history of its attempted realization of a
serious departure from that purpose. These
colonists had anticipated William I'enn's
l)acitic i)olicy toward the Indians, and his idea
of religious tolerance by half a century, lie
found when he arrived here that they had
lirgun the movement for those high ideals
that were tu spread over the continent and be-
roiiic the g'lory of American civilization.
They had made the little Swedish town of
Christianahamn, (the name they gave the
place in their language, and what is known
as Chi-istiaiia in English), the seat of the; iirst
military occujiation of territory, in what is
now the territory of Pennsylvania, New Jer-
sey, Delaware and Maryland; made it tlie
seat of the hrst permanent European colony;
of the first ecidesiastical organization, and of
the first ooin-t of justice.

This is what "Old Swedes' " Ohurch com-
menmrates in American history, and \vliat
Hindi' its bi-centennial anniversary a matter
of Very great historic importance, as well as
of interest to religious denominations through-
out this country.

The old church, with its ivy-covered walls,
which may be seen from the car windows of
the rhila<leli)hia, AVilmington and Baltimore
Railroad, as the train swcejxs by, is the third
of the Swedish Lutheran churches erected by
the colonists at Christianahamn. The first of
those three buildings was erected inside thi>
fort built immediately after their arrival.
This fort was situated upon the to]) of a hill,
which overhung what wa.s long after known
as "The IJocks." 'i'his was a rocky |ioint ex-
tending out to tide-water between the ISraiidy-
wine and C'hristiana creeks. The ro.l -
formed a natural wharf with deeji water m
front, and around tfi the east side cd' the IiIl^Ii-

land of which "The Kocks" were the base,
was a deep and ccfUimodious harbor for the
mooring of their ships, while the top of the
hill was a level plateau, affording an excel-
lent outlook and making a splendid site for
their first fortification.

Here the colonists built the fort, and in-
side of it the first Swedish ],utheran church
in America. It was around this fort that the
first military engagement between European
soldiers in America was fought. This was the
place invested and captured b}' Stuyvesant
in 1G55, as narrated in this introduction.

AVhen the Swedes marched out, the Dutch
were disgusted to find that the enemy they
had spent so niucli time and trouble in dis-
lodging, numbered but a score. The Dutch
had conquered, and were the masters in Xew
Sweden, and continued in power — much to
the disgust of tlie Swedes — until finally dis-
possessed by the English.

Tradition says that one of the Swedish colo-
nists, a young woman, died on shipboard at
"The Rocks," or shortly before the arrival
there, and one of the fir.-t things the colonists
did was to bury this woman in what is now
the cemetery around ''Old Swedes' " Church.
This first necessary action fixed the site of the
Swedish cemetery at Chri-tianaliamn. ami in-
cidentally decided a (piestion much discussed
by their successors sixty years afterward —
that of locating the ])resent church edifice.

The second chui-cb building was erected at
Crane IIoc^l^, half a mih' south of "Old
Swedes' " Chureli, and (dose ujM.n the shore
of the Delaware IJiver. Crane Hook Church
was built in 1007. It was abaiidoncd in IGtt'.l.
The siti' of the chureh building is marked by
a inonmnent recently erected by tlie Tlistori-
eal Society of Delaware, as the result (if \
movement started by T'enno(d< Pusey, to
mark the jdaees made memorable by the
S\vedi.-h colonists on the T)elaware.

The erection of a new chm-eh building was
made desirable; fir-f liy the decay of the (.Id
building at Crane Hook; secondly, by the
growth of the settlement on the iioilli side of
the ( 'liristiana. Tlii-; was the eondition of
tilings, when Pe\-. T'lie P.jorlc. p:i-tor of the
.Swedish T,uthei-an Congi'egatioii in AuieiMca,
by :i|i]ioiiitmeiit of Charles XI, of Sweden,
ari'iveil in ( 'hrisliannhainn in TOUT. He be-
gan immediatf'ly to talk and \\'ork for the erec-
tion (<f a new ehni'eli bnildiiiL:. lie became

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BIOGUAI'UICAL ENCYClA)l> HDIA

tlic ;ia-liitect and builder of Jlolv Jiinity
Liuuvli, now known as "Old Hwcdcs'." A
whole year elajiscd Lefurc any xi.-iliJL' prugivss
was made.

.\t'ter deciding to build, the nu>»t ditiicult
jiroMcni to solve seems to have licen the se-
lection of the site for the new building. The
.Swedish settlements had extended southward
along the Delaware Iiiver to St. George's on
the 1 'elaware side and to Salem on the New
Jersey side. 'J'hese people objected to having
the church erected at a greater distance from
their homes. The crossing of the Christiana
was a matter of interest to both the south side
and north side residents. Neither party
wanted to pay ferry tolls every Sunda}' morn-
ing to go to church. It was finally agreed
that the church should be on the north side,
and the north side residents agreed to furnish
a new boat for the free use of the south side
folks when they came to church.

In the si.xty years that had passed since the
first grave was made in what was thi^u a lonely
spot, and the Swedish girl, far fron\ homo
and kindred, was laid at rest, many other
graves had been made there, and this faci
finally settled the matter of locating the build-
ing. The site was a historic "(Sod's iVcre" to
the Swedish colonists even then, l^or nearly
a century and a half since then, the burial of
the Swedes, their descendants and successors
has been going on in this burial place, until
it is crowded with the remains of the good
and the great of their material and spiritual
jjosterity.

'J'he graves of their early priests, their
Avives and children, and of prominent church-
men of the caiiy days of its history have oc-
cupied nearly every foot of the church floor,
while outside lie the remains of bishops and
priests, statesmen and soldiers, side by side;
aye, and perhaps in the former graves of the
forgotten men and ■\vonien who gathered the
materials and buildcl this old cliureh edifice
as a grateful offering to the (lod, who had
led them to a new and strange land, for "the
spread of the Holy Cos]iel."

'J'he churdi building as onginally jilanncd
by the TJev. Eric Bjork, was a sim]de emdos-
iire, within rough stone walls, of a space of
about 40x20 feet; the walls were to be 13
feet high to the square. These dimensions
were changed several times, and once after the
contract for the building had been maiK'. No

one .seemed to have a dctinite idea about how
big tiie churcli sIkiuIiI Ik'. it was linaily
lixed, however, that tlie dimensions shoidd hi
GO feet long and o(i ft et wide inside the walls,
and 20 feet high. The heigiit, however, tlie
l)riestly architect stipulated in tiie contract,
"shall remain uncertain till we see how it will
compare witii the other dimensions."

Active operations began in ^lay, 1U08.
The j)reliminaries of a church erection, pos-
sibly, have never before or since given a prie>t
so much trouble in Delaware, as did these.
lie seems to have been a man of marvelous
patience, resource and zeal. lie had an oli-
stinate set of jieople to deal with. The vcs-
tr}iuen were not saints. The}' pronused and
failed to fulfil. They gave and they took
back. Still with marvelous patience and
with always apparent meekness, gratitude to
and faith in God, he continued to solicit help
and to parcel out the labor and the contribu-
tions for building.

'J"he stone and lime and wood, and the labor
of gathering it having been assured, with the
understanding that every one should have due
credit for whatever he did, the foundation of
the building was begun; and on ]\Iay 2S,
lt)98, the fii-st stone was laid. The corner
stone was laid on that day by the ju-iest. A
whole year was now consumed in the building.
The work was completed the following ^lay
or June, and on Trinity Sunday, 1099, which
by an ajijiarent error in the priest's record is
said to have Viecurred on July 4, 1090, the
building was dedicated, and named ''Holy
Trinity Chui'ch."

'J'hat Trinity Sunday was a great day in the
Swedish village of Christianahamn. It was
a feast day and great ])re])aratii>ns were made
for the entertainment of the Swedes who were
expected from all parts of the colony. The
whole number of these in the colony was, per-
haps, less than five hundred. In 1043, when
Governor Printz arrivetl at Christianahamn,
the uund)er of Swedes was only one hiuidred
and eighty-three. In 1054, a census of the
Swedish and Dutch residents made their num-
ber but three hundred and sixty-eight, an in-
crease of one hundred per cent, in about
eleven years. It is not ini])7'ol)able, however,
that this rate of increase was nuiintained for
any length of time. Pastor Bjork says, in his
records of IToly Trinity Church, that the dedi-
cation services were attended by hundreds of

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STATJ'] OF DELAWARE

53

pt'ojile; iiiul as with tlie materials fur tiie
cliurtli iiiiildiiig, so the peoijle contributeJ the
fuod fur feeding the visitors. A full aeeuiuit
of these eontrihutioiis is preserved in thu
reeurds. Among the artieles put iluw ii were
five sheep, two ealves and one quarter (jf \eui-
sou; seven Liishels of malt, six and a half
bushels of wheat and four hundred pounds ut'
Hour. 'J'here were also three gallons of wine.
'J'he dedieatnry serviees were condueted hy the
liev. Erie Ijjork, assisted by Kev. Andrew
liudman, and the He v. Jonas Aurcen. A de-
tailed aeetiuut of these serviees in the chureh
reeord shuws them to have been very sulenin
and ini)iris.-;ive.

The uriginal ehureli edifiee was very dif-
ferent fiiiiu the present picturesque "Old
Swedes"."' It was only a rectangular barndike
structure with a pitched roof, arehed duurs
and windows. The auditorium was ))aved
Mith brick and furnished with plain deal
benches. 'I'he walls, on the outside, ^\l■re eni-
belli>hed with inscriptions furniod in letters
of furged iron. There were neither porches
nor belfry on the outside, nor gallery inside.

'J"he first belfry was on the south side of tlie
building; tradition says the Lell -was hung in
a tree. The bell was so low that the roof of
the (dnirrh bruke the sound of it, so that the
jjcojde uii the north side could not hear it
when rung. .V new bell for the church was
I'ec'cived fruui Kngland in JSTovembei', 1772,
and it was ja-uposed then to build a new lielfry.
Subserijitiuns were solicited for it, but the old
one was retained. The jiresent bell tower at
tli(^ \\e-t end of the clau-ch was erected in
.l:->02.

Aneut this matter of the belfry, there
is a pirture extant, copyi-ightcd, in Towa,
which rcjiresents the belfry as erected on the
ruuf of the building at the we-st end. Tt is
not a correct picture of "Old Swedes' " at any
])eriod of its history. The bell tower and
belfry have always been outside the end wall
of the building. The gallery at the west end
of the (diui'ch was erected in 1773, and con-
tained twenty-five pews. The porches or side
arches, two on the north and one on the south
side, were built to strengthen the side walls,
in 1740.

Kev. Kric T^jork .served as pastor of '"'Old
Swede.-' " Church for seventeen years. (>■;
from l(i!)7 to 1714, when he was recalleil lo
Sweden. lie sailed from Christianahamn on

June 20, 1714, and on his arrival in Sweden
wa.-. a])i)ointed pastor of a (diureh at Kahluii,
in I )alecai'lia, where he died in 1740. The
successor of Jiev. Eric iJjork was the liev.
Andreas lianpiinius. He dietl during his
prejiarations for his voyage to America. Itev.
.\ndreas llessilius and Kev. Abraham Tideii-
nius were ai>pointed by the Bishop of Skara
to serve the congregations in America, and ar-
rived at (Jhristianahamu in ^fay, 1713. Kev.
Lawrence (iirelius Avas pa.-tor of ''Old
Swedes' " Ohurcli during the war of the
Kevulution, and was dispossessed of his clnirch
projjcrty during August and September, 1777,
the year of the disastrous battle of the Brandy-
wine, by two companies of British soldiers,
who took up quarters there. The priest was
evidently an American patriot, as the records
of the church show that it required an order
from Colonel !^^eL)onal<l, commandant of the
trooi)s, to get him to conduct a service for the
soldiers.

Kev. Lawrence (Iirelius was the last of the
Swedish ))astors of "Old Swedes'." lie was
recalled to Sweden in 1780. On his recall
the vestry of the church petitioned the King
of Sweden to send them an English sjteaking
pastor. The increase of the luiglish sj)eaking
jiopnlation ha<l caused the drt)pping out of the
Swedish service, and the congregation was
largely composed of English Churchmen;
thei'e being no church of the Church of Eng-
land nearer than Xew Castle, the churchmen
had turned to the Swei^ish Lutherans, because
of the similarity of their Protestant creed
and of the st^rvices. During the latter ])art
of the Kev. ,Mr. (iir(dius' pastorate, Holy
Trinity ]iarish was rapiilly beconnug a Church
of England ])arish.

Upon the close of the war of Independ-
ence, and the fidl evolution of a state and na-
tional government, the vestry of the idiundi
sought to settle .some \exing questions relating
to the chureh ju'opcrty by Ijecoming Incor-
]iorated under the laws of the State of Dela-
ware, and the (diui'ch ceased to be a Swedish
parisli; and, although nominally so during
the transition ))eriod, "'Old Swedes' " was
never really a C'hurch of England ])arish. It
was one of the earliest ]")arishes of the Ameri-
can Pi-otestant E]')i.scopal Church.

After the incor]ioration of the vestry under
the laws of Delaware, the vestry called Kev.
William Pi-ice, of ]\rilford, a Clmrch of Eng-

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BlOGIiArillCAL KNCYCLOrKlilA

land clergyman, to llie pastorate of tlie cliiircli
and ho became tlie first English rector of "Old
Swedes'."

Thus was the ancient Swedish Lutheran
Church transformed into an Auieriran Pro-
testant Episcopal Church.

'Jhc congregation of Holy 'i'rinity Church
had at one time almost deserted the old build-
ing. They built a church at the corner of
Fifth and King streets, Wilmington, in 18-10.
In 1SS3 they sold the King street church, or
chapel, and removed to the new chapel on
Adams street near Delaware avenue, and later
into tlie splendid edirice at Delaware avenue
and Adams street, which is tlie sixth ehm-ch
building erected by the congregation of Holy
Trinity, or "Old Swedes'," ]>arish since its
founding, two hundred and sixtv vcars ago —
in 1(j38.

There are very few other remains of the
Swedish colonists' biiilding left in AVilming-
ton. There are several houses at the \\\iliiut
street end of Spring alley, which are said to
be of Swedish origin. A very tall brick
structure, for those days, formerly stood at
the French street end of Spring alley, which
Avas said to have been erected by Ivev. Law-
rence Girclius as a residence. It was torn
down a few years ago to make room for a new
building.

What is believed to have been the last of
the Swedish frame houses in "Wilmington, was
for many j'cars a quaint old landmark on
French street above Front, wliere the police
patrol stable is now situated. A part of tliis
ancient liuilding is eml)raced in the structure
now \ised for ]iolice purposes. No stranger,
without being informed of the fact, would
suspect for a moment that the history of the
old structure dates back to Swedish davs.

Delaware To-Dav.

Although it was not intended in this intro-
ductory chapter to give a detailed and exhaus-
tive history of the State, it was deemed best
to give a pretty full account of the struggles
of the Swedes and the Dutch for possession
on the "South "River," as the latter called the
Delaware. This has been done, and it now
remains to glance hurriedly at the State and
her three counties as they e.xist to-day.

Delaware was one of the original thirteen
States when the compact was formed, and

she is next to the smallest in area of all the
States that exist to-day. Owing to the lack
of a careful oHicial survey, there is a contlict
of opinion as to the uundier of square miles
the State contains. Some wi-iters jdace the
munber at !2,0O2.G; others at i',l(;o. From
north to- south the State is uinety-tivc miles in
length. The width at the extreme southern
lioundary is thirty-rive miles. At Cape Ilen-
lopen, however, it is only tweuty-rive miles
wide, and it diminishes by the water Wuc of
the bay, until at Ked Lion Creek, in Xew
Castle county, it is only ten mile.-, while its
northern end is twelve miles, caused by the
radius of the twelve miles' circle. The line
whicli se])arates Delaware from [Maryland
starts at the Atlantic Ocean, and after run-
ning duo west for thirty-four miles, turns at
right angles due north to the tangental point
on the New Castle circle. This boundary
line, as has been stated, was run l)y Charles
^fasoTi and Jeremiah Dixon, in 1763. They
were English mathematicians and surveyors,
and were sent here from England for that
jiurpose.

Delaware is situated between 38° 28' and
30° 47' of north latitude, and between 74°
SO' and 7r)° 40' of longitude west from
(ireenwich. It is bounded on the north by
Peun.sylvania, the Delaware River and Ray;
.south by the State of IlLiryland; east by the
Delaware IJiver and Bay, from a point twent}'-
fonr miles from its northern boundary by a
line of low water mark on the Jersey shore;
thence to the radius of twelve miles north of
New Castle; on the west by Pennsylvania and
^laryland to the ]icriphery of the circle
drawn in a radius of twelve miles from the
coiu't hotise at the center of the town of New
Castle, eomniencing at low water mark on the
shore of New Jersey , north of New Castle,
thence extending over the Delaware river and
following its circumference until it again
touches the shore of that state south of its
railius of twelve miles from New Castle. Sole
jurisdiction is given Delaware over the Dela-
ware ]\ivcr and Bay by this circular line of
bomidarv, from low water mark on the Jersey
Shore, about a mile north of the mouth of
Naaman's C^reek on the Delaware state side,
for twenty-four miles southward, nearly to
where Silver C"!reek entei's the river.

Within this circular boundarj' are one or
two ishiTuls, on one of ivhich Fort Delaware

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STATE OF Dl'JLAMAIlE

is situated. The jurisdiction of the state be-
low the circde extcuds to a line running down
the middle I'f the Dcdawaro Lay as far as Cape
JleiditjHi]; thence ahjng the Atlantic Ocean
to I'cnwick's island in about '2i>^ '20' iiurtli
latitude. Looking at the little state on the
map it presents the appearance of a notch cut
iu the SuUe of ]Mary]and. These pecidiar
lines, the reader will bear in mind, were the
result of the long and acrimonious ipiarr.'l
between Lord Laltimore and William Penn,
and their heirs, for more than a. hundred
years, regarding the right of possession of cer-
tain territory in their grants.

'J'he story of Delaware, therefore, is a pe-
culiar one when viewed in all its aspects. Its
earlj' discovery and settlement; the struggle
of its first settlers with the barbarians who in-
habited its territory; the contrast and blend-
ing of two races who sought a foothold on its
shores; the transfer of old institutions to build
up a new civilization; the intermingling of
discordant adventurers; the progress of com-
merce, having its beginning in a rude whaling
enterprise; the establishment of churches
and schools, the former of which still e.xist as
a relic of the first colonists; the develop-
ment of the principles of self-government
from within and the active encroachment and
conquest from without; the relations of Dela-
ware with the Swedes, under the auspices <>i
the famous Gustavns Adolphus, tlie Dutch of
Holland, Great Britain, and the Quakers un-
der the pjroprietary direction of the immortal
William Penn. All these phases of Delaware
history present picturesqtie scenes from real
life, and afford the most instructive studies in
national and personal character. The trials
and vicissitudes of the early settlers were
great, but at every period in their history
they M'cre first in patriotism, and among the
earliest in every movement related to national
defense and the establishment of a free and
indej)cndent government. The "three lower
comities" were re])resented in the Continen-
tal Congress, which met at Philadelphia, Sep-
tember 5, 1774, to consider the momentous
questions which resulted in the adojition of
the immortal Declaration of Tndejiendence
less than two years afterwards. She was the
first of the thirteen states to ratify the Con-
stitution of the infant Pepublie. The position
of Delaware has always commanded resjurt,
and her integrity has never been questioned.

Ifer statesmen and herues have been among
the ablest known to our history, and their
abilities anil deeds have been of such a bril-
liant character as to c<jmmand the admiration
of all wlio lo\-e liiierly and admire lienor and
integrity.

TuE Tiii{];e Counties.

Delaware is divided into three political
divisions or counties, New Castle, Kent and
Sussex, running south in the order iu
wlijch they are named. The total popula-
tion of the three counties, according to the
census of IcSbO, was 130,608; in 18U0 the
same authority gave them a total of 108,49.'],
an increase in ten years of 31,885. At the
same rate of increase the pojjulation of tlie
State must now exceed 195,000.

Xew Castle county, wliich occupies the
northern end of tlie State, first assumed its
boundaries in 1GT3. In that year the court
defined its territory as lying north of the
"Stecn Ivill," or Stony Creek, now at Quarry-
villc. The first courts under English au-
thority were held at New Castle, which not
only served for many years as the capital of
the State, but was the county seat until 1880,
when a magnificent court house was built and
occupied in the city of Wilmington, costing,
inchuling the ground, $112,005.3:!; to this
building the records were removed, and in it
the courts have since been held. The move-
ment to change the seat of justice to Wilming-
ton was a source of jioHtieal contention for
many yeai-s. 'J'he old court house in Xew
Castle still stands, gray and time stained, a
sacred relic of colonial daj's. Adjoining it is
a substantial stone prison. The court house
and jail are about six miles ai)art, and they
are connected l>y trolley cars. Criminals,
therefore, are tried, convicted and sentenced
in Wilmington, and serve tlicir sentences in
Xew Castle.

The reader can form some i<h'n of tlie early
wildness of the country where Wilmington
now stands when informed that in 1070
wolves were so jdentiful that the rmirt made
an order offering "40 gilders" for each wolf
head brought iu. This order not bringing
about the destruction of these jicsts as rapidly
as was desired, tlic court, on the .">lh of .Tan-
nary, 1077, onlcre<l that the inhabitants
"erect fifty wolf ]iitts along llie .Ntn^aiiis by

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50

BIOGRAPHICAL EXCYCIAJPEDI A

ilay 1st, under a furfeiture of To yildci^."'
If wild animals were so abundant then, what
luii-t liavc been the condition when the
Swede-, came in 1G38?

'Ilic jihrase, "Eastern Shore,'' then re-
feri'ed ti.i a part of Xew- Jersey, wliirli was
suppesed to be a part of Delaware. In cuurse
of time it was applied to that jiart of ^laryland
lying on the eastern side of Chesajjeake Hay.
.V division of the county into assessment dis-
tricts was made in 1077, soon after the setting
oti'iif tliccounty, and they were the embryos of
what afterwards became liundreds. Concern-
ing tile origin of this term Vincent (p. 14j says
they are the old luiglish method of sidj-divi-
sions of counties. "They were sup])osed to
liavc originated with King Alfred who ruled
England, A. I). 877. But they are now
known to have existed before liis time. Tlie
name is believed to be of Swedish origin. It
was used in England to designate a si'ttlement
of one hundred persons or families. Througli
the Swedes in Delaware it was introd\ice<l
here, and is used to this day to desigmite the
siib-division of a county into what are known
in other states as townships. Delaware is tin;
only state in the United States in which the
term is used in ])lace of townships. .\nd hav-
ing been in use for more than a century and a
half it is not likely that the term will soon be
abandoned. Xew Castle county now has the
following hundreds: Brandy wine, Christiana,
:\lill Creek, White Clay Creek, ]S;cw Castle,
I'eucader, Red Lion, St. George's, Appoquin-
imink, Elackbird, ten in all, outside of Wil-
nungton, which is a district by itself. Wil-
mington is di\ided into five legislative dis-
tricts. Outside of the eity, each hundred is a
legislative district, so tliat New Castle county
has tifteen members of the TToiisc of Tieiire-
sentatives, and seven senators. According to
the census of 1800 New Castle county had a
po])nlation of 97,182, but it now exeeeeds
100,000 by several thousands. The same au-
thority gave "Wilmington 01,431, but it now
exceeds 70,000. The city has an area of 10.18
square miles and 93.30 miles of streets; 91.15
miles of water pipes, and 54 miles of sewers.
It has 25 miles of electric street railways, and
the service, for comfort and convenience, can-
not be excelled. There are Gl miles of gas
pijio, 10 parks and o])en places for recreation
with an area of 254 acres.

'i'iie total bonded in<lel)teilness of tiie citv

on the 1st of duly, 1S97, was $2,018,700
Total assessment f.'.r lS9?was $39,190,237.
City tax rate, $1.40 per $100; county, OO cents
per $100. The estinuited income for the year
was $157,2.")7. .">(>. '{"lie city is divided iuto
twelve wards.

AVilmiiigt(Hi enjoys an abundance of pur
water, mostly supidied from the Brandywin •
Creek. The pumping caiiacity per day Is
20,000,000 gallons, and the daily consumption
averages (1,000,000 gallons. The receipts from
water rents last year amounted to $ltir>,-
407. 05. It has a tire alarm and i)ulice tele-
graph system, eighty-one police officers, nine
lire and four military conq)anies.

Careful attention is given to education in
Wilmington. The eity has twenty-eight pub-
lie schools, about 10,000 scholars and 230
teachers; one commercial college and ^evel•al
[irivate educational institutions.

Wilmington is the largest and the second
oldest town in the state. Since 1880 it has
been the seat of justice of Xew Castle county,
the county courts being held in February,
-May, September and Xovendjcr. It is also the
i-eat of the Federal Courts for the District of
Dcdaware, and has a hanilsonie stone Federal
building wdiich cost $250,000. The postoHiee
occnjiies part of this buihling.

Wilmington has one state and five nation-
al banks, two savings banks and six loan asso-
ciations. The clearings of the six banks aggre-
aa1ed $34,557,570 for the year ended Seiiteni-
i.er 30, 1N97. The city is noted as a mauufac-
turing centre, Its princijial industries being
ship-bnilding, morocco dressing, the eon^true-
tion of railroad eai-s, and iron working, 'i'he
Dupont powder works, wlii(di rank among the
largest in the world, are in the vicinity of this
city. During the war with Spain they were
guarded by several military conqianies as a
protection against incendiaries. ln\-ostments
in manufactures aggregate $14,000,00!;
value of prodticts, including custom work and
repairing, $25,000,000; value of material
used, $14,000,000; employees, 14,000; wages,
$8,000,000.

The city has four water transportation lines,
and four steam railway lines, the latter being
the Philadelphia, AVilmington and Baltimore
Ivailroad, the Delaware Kailroad, the Haiti-
more and Ohio Kailroad and the AVilmington
and Xorthern Bailroad.

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STATE OF J )J: LAW .[]!!■:

o7

'i'wo lii^-tiiric stiTuius of water pass tlirmi^!!
the eiiy. Tlie CliiiBtiaiia C'ruek (or river), is
iiavigaLiie for sliipiiiiig. It was uaiiied in honor
of Ciiristiua, the young (^uccn of yweilen, by
tho Swedes wlieu they settled on its banks in
H)'<ib. Tiie river, the Brandy wine, unites its
waters with the Christina in the eity. On its
banks,a few miles north of the city, was fouglit
the famous battle of Brandywiue in Sejitem-
ber, 1777. Aeeurding to Ferris (p. I'JCj it ob
tained its name in this way: Originally it was
called Fishkill by the Swedes, but during the
i)uich oi'ciii)atiun in 1655 a vessel laden with
bi^nuly was sunk near its mouth, in the
iJuteh language it was then called "l>rand-
wijn," which was corrui)ted into lirandywine.

The city maintains the Wilmington Insti-
tute Free Library, which has become an ex-
ceedingly jiopular and valuable educational
factor, .y ready it numbers over 30,000 vcd-
umcs. In its reference department it is well
su])plied with valuable books, and the facility
they afford pupils in the high school for accjuir-
ing information, is attested by the large nuni-
bers that consult them dail}'. So great has the
public demand for access to the library be-
come, that it has been found necessary to keep
it open from 8.30 a. m., to 10 p. m. Jlr. Wil-
lis F. Sewall is the efficient librarian

The Delaware Historical Society is another
institution that is doing a great deal of good in
the way df preserving state and local history,
and putting it in form for easy reference. Its
collections embrace much that is curious and
valuaiile, in books, papers and relics. The
SiM-icty occupies the original Presbyterian
( linnli building Mhich was erected in 1740.
It presents a (piaint, unicpie appearance, and is
singularly ai)pro])riate to the purpose for which
it is now used. Henry (J. Conrad, Esq., the li-
brarian, is a man peculiarly fitted by taste as
Well as acquirements for the jiositiou, and
under his direction the Societ}' is in a flour-
isliing condition.

Wilmington has sixty-nine churches, mis-
sions and meeting houses, many of which are
elegant and imjw.sing structures; and so far
a., quaintness and histoi'ic a.ssociations ai'e con-
cerned, "Old Swedes'" stands without a rival.
The (it v is not lacking in charities, ft has an
-Associated Charities, two hospitals, a bahv
hospital and homes for aged women, fi-ichd
less children, aged colored pcreons and colond
(.rjjhans, ami an industrial school for giijs.

There are two tine theatres, and several audi-
toriums, and 14U beneUcial societies.

'I here i> some doubt as to the true (jrigin
of the name, Wilmington. History informs
us that in 1731 Thomas Willing became inter-
ested in the improvement of a tract of land
which he owned, and which lay between what
afterwards became We.-.t, Fiencli, Water an,i
Fourth streets. Jle laid out a few lots here
and sold them, and in a short time a settlement
grew up which was nicknamed "Willing's
Town." Another account sa^-s that in the lat-
ter ]iart of the year 1726 Thonms Willing mar-
ried Catharine, eldest daughter of Andrew
.lustison, i)robably a Swede. In 1727, Justi-
bon purchased a plantation lying on tln' ( 'hris-
tiana. lie assigned the same in 1731 to Wil-
ling, who laid out some lots after the plan of
Philadelphia. Willing having soon after that
failed in busincs.s, the governor, in granting
a charter for the town in 173!), nauieil it Wil-
mington, in honor of the Flarl of Wilmington,
who was esteemed a jierscm of great worth,
ability and integrity, and had held a nundier
of iiilices of responsibility in l']iiglan<l. He
died unmarried in July, 17-13. It is therefore
quite probable that Wilmingt(m was nanu^d in
his honor; and the heretofore accepted idea
that the name was merely a corriqition of
"Willing Town." is thus shown to be incor-
rect.

The settlement grew slowly until William
Shipley, M'ith a number of Friends, came to
its aid, and advanced its interests until it
grew into a ])rosperous borough. It Avas in-
corporated by act of tfie Legislature in 1832,
under the name of "The City of Wilmington."

Xew Castle has borne more names than any
other town in the Fnited States. A few
Swedes .settled there in 1038, and by them it
was called Xew Stockholm. The Dutch built
Fort Cassimer in 1051, and called the town
Sandhoec and Xew Amstel. Afterwards the
Swe.hs (see Life of Ceorge Read, p. 53) called
it drape Wine P..inf, ami in 1075 it was
known as Delaware T(iwn. The English,
however, named it Xew Castle, and that title
became permanent, it is the second largest
town in the state, and it eaily entertained
great exqiectations. Laid out in 1 (155, and long
the seat f/f go\( mors, it naturally expected to
liecame a ]ilace of note. ]\rany men of emi-
nence and liigh standing as lawyers, judges and
clergymen, have liv<'d ami di(Ml (here, 'i'liero

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58

BIOGUA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tlic Assembly in tlie days of tlic elder reiin
met to frame laws, there important transac-
tions took i)lace between leading men relating'
to the political destines of the J'roviiu^e, and
for many yeiu's it was the .Micca, so U> speak,
whither all eyes were directeil wlien (piestions
of moment were under consideration.
. 'J'he iirst lawyer of ])elaware was admitted
to practice in the Conrt at New Castle Novem-
lier 7, 107G. The records show the following
curious entry: "Upon the petition of Thomas
Spry, desiring that he be admitted to jilcad
some people's cases in C^ourt The AVorshij)-
ful Court have granted him Leave so Long
as the Petitioner Behaves himself well and
carrys himself answcralile thereto." Whether
S\y. Spry conducted himself in accordance
with the order of the Court history fails to in-
forms us. The ancient court house, with the
additions made to it from time to time, still
stands as a curious relic of colonial times.
Trolley cars now sweep around it, and strang-
ers look upon it with deep interest when in-
formed that it was the early temple of jiistice
in Delaware.

Before Philadelphia was founded, Xew Cas-
tle was the most important port on the Dela-
ware rivei', and there ships generally came to
anchor to report for orders. During the
Scotch-Irish immigration the majority of
these innuigrants landed here, ami from this
jioint thousands of them made their way by
land up throtigli the Chester Valley to the
Susquelianna and points beyond. .Many, too,
remained in the state an<l bccanut valualilc
settlers. When the struggle for liberty came
they were among the first to manifest their
patriotism, not only here, but elsewhere, and
as a race they became a ])owerful factor in
nniking independence possible. The first ])re^-
ident of Delaware in 1776 was a sturdy
Scotch-Trishman, and as long as the Tvei)\ib]ic
lasts the name of Dr. John ^TcKinly will be
honored by every true son of Delaware. Ui^
patriotism cost him much suffereing an<l loss,
but he never wavered; he liveil to see the flag
of liliertv w-ave triumiihantly throughout the
land, and died one of tlie most respected and
honored of men.

A majority of those Rcotch-Trish ininii
crants were Presbyterians, and they success-
ftiUv ]ilanted the doctrines of that church in
the land of their adojjtion. Tt was ihrougii
them that the Presbytery of New Ca-ilc w.is

lonnded, and by that body many young men
were ordained and sent forth to preach the
doctrines of tlie Presbyterian Church.

Tet, with all the Haltering i)rospeets and
bnght anii.-ipations of its pcojilo. New
< aMh. eiiy never attained the greatness
aiid distinction that were expected. Piiil-
adel]ihia became the metrouolis on the
Delaware, \Viliiiins.t,,n outstripped it in
the race,^ and it settled down to quiet
re;t, as it were, satislied tliat its race was
run and its destiny fultillcd. And now, over
two hundred and forty years old, the entire
population of New Castle hundred is only
about 0,000, and out of this number a little
over 4,000 belongs to the city. Its quiet
streets, antiquated buildings, and air of repose
indicate its great age. A few manufacturing
industries have been founded within recent
years, but they have not been sufficient to im-
part of that degree of activity required to in-
fuse new life into the communitv.

Kent Coc.vtv.
Ne.xt ill order as we move down the penin-
sula comes the County of Kent. It is the mid-
dle one of the tier. Originally it formed a
part of the 'Tloorn Kill" district, and became
ill! independent territory under the name of
St. Jones' County in ItiSO, and until Dover
was laid out there was not a village of any im-
portance within its borders. It was little bet-
ter than a wild. When it was changed to
Kent county is not certainly known, but it was
probably done when, in November, 1G82, Wil-
liam Penn summoned the magistrates of St.
Jones and "Iloorn Kill" to meet him at New
Castle, in order to confer regarding the con
<lition of the people ami tiie territorv. In
l<i>s;'., the year after this meeting, Penn or-
dered Trover to be laid out. T]\q Ceneral As-
sembly, sitting at New Ca.stle, pas.se.l a bill
nuikjng Do\-er the State Capital IMav ] l\
1(77, and it has so continueil to the jiresent
time.

Dover is beautifully situated on a rich al-
luvial ].laiii, at the head of ti.le on St. Jones'
Creek, six miles west of Delaware Bav, thirtv-
si.x north from (Vorgetown, the conntv .seat
of Sussex county, and fortv-five south oif Wil-
niin-fon. It was foiinde,! .soon after the ar-
fival of AVilliam Pom,, bv English .settlers
who were attracted thither by the beauty and
Icrtibtv of (]„. land, an.l the ea.sy means of

;i ■■■,111

STATE OF DELAWARE

59

foiiinmiiii-iititin witli tlie bay \\a hJt. Junes'
L'ruuk, wliii-li is nmigablc IVir ^^iiiall VL-osels.
Kiiil rdiihty L-uiitaiiis' IJ1;5 square miles and is
(Ji\iiied intu nine lumdreds, viz: Duek Creek,
J-ittle Creek, ]\enton, "West Dover, Kast
Dover, ^Surtii .Munlerkili, South ^\rnr(lerkill,
'J'iie euunfy is apportioned into ten liepre-
sentative and five Senatorial distriets. Ae-
cording to tiic census of ISDO Dover had a
jiopnhition of 3,0(51. Tlie number has some-
what increased since that time. The country
surrounding Dover is higlily cuhivated and
yields hixuriant crops. 'J'he surface is rolling
and presents a cinu-ming appearance, 'i'hcre
are many handsome residences in the town,
which betoken wealth and culture on the part
of their owners. The public buildings are
jilain modern brick structures, facing the
scpiare. As the House of Representatives con-
sists of only thirty-five members, a large liall
is not required for their accommodation. Tlie
Senate is composed of seventeen membei-s,
(•(insequently a small chamber suffices. The
executive and other departments are in the
same building, and are conveniently arranged
f(ir the transaction of public business. The
State Library, which contains a very f)ill col-
lection of the laws, is convenient of access. In
addition to legal books and general litera-
tui-e, its unique treasure is a copy of one of the
earliest ]iriiU(d Bibles known to be in exist-
ence. This precious volume is, by direction
of the Legislature, securely jjreserved in a
glass case. A free circulating library, \\\'\\
su])plied with books, is kept in a room over the
]i()st oftice, and is open to the public t\v<i days
in the week.

Dover is easy of access by railroad. AVhen
its age and beauty of situation are considered,
the wonder is that it has not attained greater
^ize. IIowc\er, there is an air of quiet dig-
nity about the place which favorably im-
|jresses visitors, and on every hand there are
exidences of refinement and culture, such as
ale not fiiund in every state capital. Beauti-
fully sl'iaded streets are inviting for drives in
sunniier time. Churches and s<-hools betoken
the good character of the inhabitants. In the
cemeteries repose the remains of many men
who were eminent as statesmen and divines,
and their >tatcly mounments show that their
nieiiiorie> have been sacredly preserved by
tlio-e will) came after them.

^lispillion Creek, which is the dividing line
between Kent and Susse.K counties, also runs
through the borough of Milford, a small por-
tion of which is thrown into Sussex county.
The ^Iispiili(jn is a stream of some magnitude
and is navigable for several miles lor small
boats.

The borough of .Milford was settled at an
early date and many men of enunenco have
lived within its bordei's. The rennuns of sev-
eral governors of the state lie in its ceme-
teries. It is pleasantly situated and contains
many comfortable private residences which
gi\i' e\idence of the refined taste of their
owners. 'Jliere is one national bank, which
does a thriving business. ?iIilford, according
to the census of ISOO, had 1,-J20 inhabitants;
but this does not do full justice to the town, as
a jjortion of the population is absorbed by Sus-
sex c(ninty. There are several jiretty villages
in the countv, wliich has a po])ulation of over
33,000.

Sussex County.
Sussex, which is the largest in territory of
the three counties, contains 'JC5 square miles,
and a population of nearly 30, 000. It is
bounded north by Kent county and Delaware
Bay, south by Maryland, east by Delaware
Bay and the Atlantic Ocean, and west by
^laryland. It is hard to determine the exact
date of the creation of Sussex county. \t& ter-
ritory originally belonged to "Iloorn Kill,"
and more by i)0]ndar consent than by official
enactment "Iloorn Kill" (now Lewes) was
recognized as the seat of justice from the es-
taldishnieut of a trading post there in 1658
until Georgetown was settled. As the terri-
tory was large, and there were few roads, the
town coidd be reached only by water. This
was inconvenient for many of the inhabitants,
and they comjdained. At the meeting of
Wiliam Penn with the magistrates of "Iloorn
Kill" and St. .Tones' county, already referred
to. in November, 1082, the name of the county
was changed to Sussex. The county seat, how-
ever, remained at "Iloorn Kill" until 1791,
when Ocorgetowai was selected and thither
tlie recorils were removed. It has continued
to be the county seat until the present time.
The town is small, containing only about 1,500
inliabitants, but it is pleasantly situated and is
i-cached bv a branch of the Delaware Kailroad.

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BlOaUArillCAL EXCYGLOrEDlA

SusafX, uf course, takes its iiaiiiu truui Sus-
sex in England. William Tenu had a wann
side for tlie land whence he eanie, and took
jdeasure, like the English innuigrant-s gener-
ally, in periietuatiug many of the names he
loved, in this country. I'enn was a thorough
Englishman and staunchly upheld the cus-
toms of own country.

Sussex county, like the other two counties,
is subdivided into hundreds. They bear the
following names: Cedar Creek, Nauticoke,
IJroad Creek, Little Creek, Uagsboro, (Jum-
boru, Baltimore, Indian Kiver, Ceorgetown,
IJroadkiln, Lewes and Kohoboth, Sealord
The county is divided into ten legislative and
live senatorial districts.

As a general rule the soil of Sussex is sandy,
and to bring it up to a good agricultural con-
dition much hard work and a liberal use ot
fcrtiliiccrs are required. Peacli raising is an
extensive business, and some kinds of vege-
tables are successfully cultivated. That the
ocean once swept over this as well as adjoin-
ing counties, is the opinion of geologists, and
when the waters receded they left deposits of

sand.

Peculiar distinction is conferred on busscx
county by the fact that the first European
settlement in the state was made, as has been
shown, at what is now known as Lewes.

A visit to this quaint old town is not with-
out interest to the curious, and those who have
a taste for antiquarian research. An odd lit-
tle brick building, nearly square, standing on
one of the principal streets, is pointed out as
the "gaol" where justice was administered
to criminals wlien the Court sat here many,
many yeai-s ago. It is now used f(jr commer-
cial piirposes. During the war of IS 12, Brit-
ish war vessels infested the buy and made
themselves a terror to the inhaljitants of the
town. On one occasion they bombarded it,
and two or three buildings are pointed out that
were damaged by cannon balls. A story is
still told that during the boinliardment a citi-
zen bearing a white flag crossed the meadows
and informed the eommaiuling oftieer that if
he wished to do more execution he should ele-
vate his guns. Thinking that he was a lory,
the othcer acted on his advice, and tlie result
was that nearly all the balls went over tlu^
town and landed in a ])ond in the ir.ir, where
many of them were afterwards f..iiiid. The
ruse was a good one, and old residents .-till re-
late the story \\\\\\ much gleo.

There are nuuiy atiraeti\e anil pleasant
places of residence in l.ewes. J-ooking across
the wiile meadow in frt^nt of the town, y(ni
will ?ee the hlue walei-.i of tin- jjay, ;iud far-
ther in tlie di.-lance llie white eap^ of the At-
lantic. 'I he great Delaware Lreak waler, liuilt
as a proteeliun for \es-els from severe storms,
is an immense sea wall. ..\s early as lM.'2
Congress appropriated !t^L'i!,70U for erecting
two piers. Sur\(_'ys were made by engineers,
and the Work commenced. Little, hoWe\t'r,
was dune towards pushing the work, and it
languished until ISi^S, when Congress appro-
priated !i;2.")U,0UO to carry it into effect. Eroui
that time, the work was carried on with vigor,
until millions of tons of stone had heen placed
there, an<l millions of dollars exiieiided in
comi)leting this great protection to commerce.
Lehind this sheltering wall, vessels may ride
in safety when the storm king sweeps over the
sea. The Cape Ilenlopen light house risis
to a height of 140 feet above the water and
serves as a guide to mariners seeking safety
within the Lrcakwatcr.

Looking across the meadows in the direc-
tion of the light house, the curious spectacle
of an immense sand dune meets the eye. Here
the wind has reared a mountain of sand whi<di
has buried a forest of scrubby pines, leaving
only the tops of the trees projecting. Spots
of evergreen in a round, hard packed iiioun-
tain of glistening sand, present a strange sight ;
yet in some future freak of the wind, it may
remove this colossal dune and rebuild it some-
where else.

.Many jiilots, who comluct vessels into the
bav, and up as far as Philadelphia and retiirn
\\w\\\ to the sea, reside in Lewes in cosy cot-
tages, and a portion of the place is called
"Pilot Town." They arc ever on the ahrt
for vessels, to meet which their tug goes far
out to sea: at night its brilliant seanh light
iiiav he -cell sw<'e|iing the horizon for a sad.

i'he population of l.ewes slightly exceeds
:',,00(l. It is n.it likely that it will grow very
rajii'llv, but it will ever remain an important
HKirine station on the bav. It has a brau-di
,,f the Drkiware Kailroad, and the Queen
Auiu^has reeentlv been operated from a point
in Marvland to the pla-e. The town therefore
is in easy e..ninnuiieation with the outer world
l,v two routes.

■ Much more might be written about the
State, its many prcttv little towns, its curious
ulaees of intere-t, it- ad\ance!nent in the cause

\0.-:

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o^i^ij-/:d. ^^c^

STATE OF DELAWARE

03

of L-ducatiuii from the fuiiiuliiig of ''Dolawure
CuUege," at Newark, in 1821; its newspapers,
its liaiikinp- iii.~titiitioiis, and the great water-
way ciiniicctiiiii till' Delaware and ('lie^apeake
Lay-, V, liii li ir, destined ere many years tu be-
cunie an important sliip canal; but, as it was
stated ill tlie outset of this ehaptcr, it was not
intended^ U> attempt a ditl'iisive liistorieal
sketch, the fiiregoiiig must sutiiee. ^Much val-
uable history will be found in the chapter giv-
ing the names of all the governors from ilin-
uit to Tunncll. Nothing of the kind has evi-r
been attempted in any preceding publi<'atioii,
and it cannot fail to prove valuable for refer-
ence. 'J'lie chapter on the judiciary of the
state, condensed from Judge (irnbb's valuable
ctmtribntion to the Historical Hociety, will
show the rea<ler the many eminent lawyers
and jurists of the state has produced. And in
reading the biograjihical and genealogical
sketches of many old families gi\en
throughont the two massive volumes, no
native Delawarean can refrain from feeling
proud of his State. 'Jdiough small in territ(try,
she has been great in men. Comparatividy
speaking, no state can excel her in the pro-
duction of eminent soldiers, statesmen and
jiatriots. The name of ]\racdonough, as a
naval hero, is a flashing jewel in her crown.
And behold the liodneys, the liedfords, the
Dickinsons, and a whole line of ])atriots whose
resplendent deeds shine with a lustre that
time caniKjt efface. And for true statcsmaii-
slii]), where can a more illustrious lino bo
jiriiutod out than we find in that afforded by
the Bayards, the f'laytons and the Salisburys'?
They proudly stand as the intellectual giants
of Delaware.

We can close this tribute to the "little
State," Avith nothing more appropriate in
words and sentiment, than the poem entitled
"Our Delaware," composed and dedicated to
"The Sons of Delaware," by Joshua Pusey,
and sung to the air of "!My Maryland":
1
Our little State of Delawai-cj,

Delaware, our Delaware !
Now, brothers all, let rn)ne forbear !

Sitif^, '"Delaware, our Delaware '"
Proud ortspring of the azure bird.
With swelling' tones our hearts bo stirred,
And loud our praiseful song be heard :
"Delaware, our Delaware !''

Our beloved State of Delaware,

Delaware, our Delaware !

Can she be equalled any where V

Delaware, our Delaware I
Pill liitrh the cup with diaught divine,
Not potion brought from forei;;n clime
But dei'piy drink old liraruly wiiu-

To Delaware, our Dciawai-e !

Our knit^htly State of Delaware,
Delaware, our Delaware !
Of courtly men and ladies fair

lieyond compare — our Delaware
Where love on beauty ever waits,
Where brother help ne'er hesitates —
The diiunond in thi; crown of States I
Delaware, our Djlaware I

Our precious State of Delaware,
Di'laware, our Delaware !
Her fields nor gold nor silver bear,

Delaware, our Delawai-e 1
But flower and peach and golden corn
O'ertlowing I'lenty's bounteous horn.
Are jewels "to the manor born"

In Delaware, our Delaware 1

Our glorious State of Delaware,
Delaware, our Delaware !
Of Rodney, Clayton, Hayard rare,

Delaware, our D.Unvare 1
A land of true historic pride,
-V land where heroes liv,_-d and died.
Their Country loved, her foes defied —
Delaware, our Delaware !

Our free born State of Delaware,

Delaware, our Delaware !
She's ever loved sweet Freedom's air,

Delaware, our Delaware !
Since Swedish tongue her land bespoke
Since Holland's guns her echoes woke.
Since came Britannia's hearts of oak-
Delaware, our Delaware !

Our noble State of Delaware,

Delaware, our Delaware I
Our thoughts are ever turning there.

To Delaware, dear Delaware !
Where men are of heroic mould,
Where duty leads— not sinful gold,
Where mem'ries cluster 'round the old.
In Delaware, our Delaware I

Our loyal Sla;e of Delaware,

Delaware, our Delaware I
Thy watch- word be : "To do and dare.

Delaware, our Delaware I
Or gentle peace be evei-more,
Or Honor loose the dogs of war,
Let manly virtues guui-d thy door,
Delaware, our D.-laware I

Our little State of Delaware,

Delaware, our Delaware 1
O God 1 forever be Thy care,

Delaware, our Delaware !
From good old Sussex' farthest lea.
From bi-ight Henlopcn's sparkling s
To the arch of her north boundary,
Delaware, our Delawai-e I

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64

i;i()(;i;.\pnic.\L kscycloj'edia

Governors ok Dioi.awakk.

Although small in extent and population,
when eonipared with some of the great States
of this Union, Delaware has had a long lint:
of governors sinee the first settlement of white
mill was made within her territory, and many
of them have been noted for their ability and
high attainments in eivil and military life.
In lt;()7, J. Henry Kogers, Estp, of New
Cattle, eompiled and printed a list of the gov-
ernors of the State from 1027 to 18G7, cui-
braeing a period of two hundred and forty
years. In order to give the dates of serviee
correctly he devoted much earc to the pre])ara-
tion of this list, e<i[)ie.s of whieh are now hard
to obtain. His dates during that long jjeriod
will in this chapter be followed in their chron-
ological order but in addition to the time of
service of each governor a brief biographical
sketch will be given, which, it is believed, will
nnike the comiiilation more valuable to tin.'
general reader, as well as greatly facilitate the
work of any one who may be searching f(jr in-
foi'mation relating to any particular official.
Nothing of the kind has been given in any
history of Delaware heretofore printed.

J'eter IMinuit is generally regarded by his-
torical writers as the first legitimate gover-
nor of the settlements on the Delaware. His
claim is based on the fact that on the 1st of
^lay, 1(')27, (iustavus Adoljihus, in granting
the cliarter for the Swedish West India Com-
pany, said it should be considt-red as com-
Jiii'ncing on that date; when in fact it was
date.l at Stockholm June 14, liiL>(), but di<l
not become operative till over one year later.

In the meantime Peter Minnit appears on
the stage of action. He was a native of Wcsel,
l^henish Prussia, where he was born about
15S0. "When a young man he removed to
Holland, where he resided for several years.
On the liith of December, 1()2."), he was ap-
jiointed by the Dutch AVest India Company its
«lirector in the Xew Xetherlands. The com-
])any gave him enlarged jxiwers, so that he
may very ])roi)er]y be called the tirst governor
of -Vew Xetherlanils. He sailed from Amster-
dam, landed on Manhattan Island ^^lay 4,
ICiiT), and purchased it from the Indians for
trinkets that were valued at about pH. Ow-
ing to some difficulty which soon afterwards
arose with the home govcruunnl he was re-
called. Til the conr-c of ii few vrars he of-

fered his services to the Swedes and Finns,
was acce[)ted, and sailed for Delaware Bay in
\{')'61. Having maile the voyage with safety,
hi' began in .March, lO.'lS, to Iniild Fort Chris-
tina, S.I iia.nicil in ii. nor of tlic voimg daugh-
ter of (liistavus Adoli)hus, afterwards (^ih'cu
Christina. This settlement, it is claiiiU'd, was
the tirst perinanc'iil one made on thi; Delaware
river by white men, aitiiough attempts iiad
been made before at jioiuts lower down the
ri\-er.

(ireat strife ensued between the Dutch and
Swedes, and a feml existed for several years,
on account of prior possession by the Dutch.
Different parts of the present territmy on the
Delaware were held by each of those nations
till the Swedes were subdued by the Dutch
in 10,'),").

In the meantime William Kieft ( 1<)38),
had been appointed Director (ieneral of the
N^ew Xetherhinds to succeed Peter ]\Iinuit,
and he iirotested against !Minuit's settlement,
on the ground of prior possession.

SWKOISH CioVKRXOUS.

The Swedish governors may be enumer-
ated as follows: In 1G27 Peter !Minuit began
his government, was dispossessed, resumed in
ItioS, and retired in 1G40. By some writers
it is asserted that ifinuit died in, 1041 at Fort
( hristina, which he built; others declare that
he was lost in a storm at sea about this time.
The latter statement is correct. After ar-
ranging e\erything in the colony on the Dela-
■>vare he set sail for the West Indies with a
cargo of goods, to exchange for tobacco as a
valuable return cargo to Old Sweden. He was
successful, and was ready to sail for the Dela-
ware when he and the caittain of hir> ship ac-
eepted an invitation to visit a Duteh ship.
While enjoying the hospitalities t)f the Dutch
caj)tain, a violent hurricane arose and all the
vessels, to the number of twenty, in the har-
bor of St. Chri-'topher, were driven out to
SI a. All were seriously damaged and some
were never seen again, having gone to ilie bot-
;om of the sea. .\mong the latter was the
"Flying Deer," with C.overnor .Minuit and
the cajitaiu of his ship aboard.

'■Such," says Pev. Cyrus Cort. in his me-
iiKU-ial address, ''was the .-ad end and un-
linielv death of the gifted and eiiteriirising
founder of ei\il c,,\ ciaiineut on the baid-;s of

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11 • ' ij

STATE OF DELAWAnE Co

liic lliid-uii ami iilao on till' banks of the Dehi- got, daugliter of John I'rintz, iuul they con-

ware; tliu pioneiT governor of C liristian eoia- liniiid to re>iile in tlie family home at Tiiii-

monwealthb in the jS^ow Worlil."' (.nm. It s-u hajniened that Printz never re-

Lieatenanl I'eter llollender, or llollen- iiirned to this i-oiintry. Jle was aj^jointed

tiaie, jiieeeeded ^Minuit, being eomniissioned i^enera! in the JSwedi-^h army, and in 1G.")S,

tiovemor of ^'e\v Sweden, and arrived wiili i^uvtrimr nf the dirtriet of Jonkoping. Jle

troll imniij;niHts on the 11th of April, IGld, died in 1(JG3, without nude issue, and the

ju^t as the.iohiny hud rcsidvcd to break \ip. family t'lided with him on the Swedish side.

Jldlkuder infused new life into the settlement His daughter, Mvi. Arniagot Papegoija, in-

and ,-erved as governor from 1(340 to Kill'. hciitcd the estate on Tinicum, and lived there

Karly writers reiH'csent him as a native Swede tor some time; she, too, finally returned to

;ind a knight, but no mention is nuide of his Sweden whither her Imsband preeeded her.

iirlli and parentage, lie returned home to John Claudius Rising was appointed the

Swi den, and was a major in the military ser- suceessor of J'rintz in 1054. lie administered

vire at Siorkholm in the year 10,15. Time the alYairs (d' the enlony until 1055, when the

iind plaec of death unknown. Dutch from .Manhattan, under Stnyvesant,

John I'rintz, governor from 104:5 to 1054, ( ajiHired the forts on the Delaware, took Ris-

was a rennn-kable man. He was blutf and iiig ]irisoner ami sent him home. His history

irascible. His Dutch contemporary, De Vries, after his departure is obscure.

describes him as "C'aiJtain Printz, who weighs

four hundred jxiunds and drinks three horns

at every meal " I le was born in Sweden about j)^,^^,„ Oovkhnors.
10(111 and ,lied 111 1003. After well directed

stiKlies in home and foreign universities, ho In 1029 "Walter Van Twiller was appointed
iiiiind his attention to niilitar}' life and rose governor of New Amsterdam and of the set-
therein, during the Prussian and (ierman tlements on the Delaware. In lOLiS he was
^^ar, until, in the year 103S, he became lieu- succeeded by William J\ieft. He served un-
tenant eolduel of cavalry. In 1040 he shame- 'il KilO, when the irascible Peter Stnyvesant
fully and disgracefully surrendered the fort- "as appointed, who continued to act as gov-
less of ( hemuitz, and thereupon left his com- criior until 1004, when the Dutch settlements
mand without the authority of his superior in Xortli America were surremlereil to the
(jlHcer, and returned to Stockholm. Here he Knglish.

was put under arrest; but after si.\ weeks was Peter Stnyvesant, who figui'es so conspicu-
di-inisst(l on parole. Ho was tinally court- ously in the history of these colonies, was born
niartialed and sentenced to be deprived of his i" Priesland in lOOi', and dit'd in ,Vew York
commis-ioii, whi(di sentence \vas ajiproved, (formerly .\ew Aiii-tenlam), in 10^2. Stiiy-
Fcbruary 17, l(i41. But his wife and children, vesant was the son oi a idergyjiian, and early
who, with their furniture, had been ])laced mi- in life evinced a taste for the military profes-
dcr arre-t, had been upon his humble petition sioii. He served in the West Indies, and was
released in 1040. It seems that Printz soon made governor of the colony of ( 'uracoa.
gained fav(jr with the civil authorities, for on During the unsuccessful attack on the Portu-
Ain^iist 10. 1042, he was ap])ointed governor iiuese island of St. ^lartin he lost a leg, after
of Xew Sweden. During his administration whicdi he returned to Ibdlaud. Soon after-
he maintained with little assistance from home wards Stnyvesant was appointed Director
the sui)reiiiacy of the Swedish Crown on the (ieiierai of Xew Amsterdam, took the oath of
Delaware ai;ainst the Dutch. He kept up office July 28, 1040, ami reached there ilay
fort- at AVilmington, on Tiuicuni Island, 11, 1047. The name, Xew Amsterdam, was
where he le-ided, and at the mouth of the officially announced February 2, 1053. In
Schuylkill. l?eeomiiig tired of waiting for l<i05, Stnyvesant sailed in to the D(daware
support ill the settlement of certain matters, l{i\(r with a fleet of seven vessels, manned bv
lie went to Sweden in person in the year 1052, seven hundred men, and took po.sse.ssion of
after having been here ten years. In his place the colony of Xew Sweden, which lie called
he appointed his son-in-law, John Papegoija, Xew Anistel (now known as X^ew Castle),
\ i((-a<iveriior. Paiiegoija liad married .\rma- on the Delaware.

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fi6

BIOGEA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

The following were dcj)uti(_s of (iu\iTii(jr
StuyvesaiU on the Delawaic: in lijjo, Joim
I'iHil Jacquott; lUoT, Joliu Alrichs; ItioSi,
Alexander D'liinoyossa; lliol), Cjerardus
Jktkinan.

English Goveunoks.

In ll)(J4, IiieliarJ JSicolls Lecanic governor,
and held the otiiue until 1007, when Franeis
Lovelace was appointed. In July, 1U73, the
L)uteh seized on the colony and held it until
1U?4, during which time Anthony L'olve was
governor. October 1, lOd-l, the colony passed
into British control under the Duke of York,
who claimed the territory as part of his grant
in ]\[aryland. New Amstel surrendered to
Sir Kobert Carr, who was sent by Charles II.
with a fleet to subject the country. Having
accomplished his purpose. Sir liobert, on the
3d of JS^oveniber, 1GG4, changed the name to
K^ew Castle, which it has borne to the pre.-<ent
day. It was so named in honor of the Duke
of Xew Castle.

When the English succeeded the Dutch the
colonists, consisting of Swedes, Dutch and
English, became subject to the laws and gov-
ernment of the Duke of York. Thereupon
the judicial system of England was steadily
introduced by the royal government.

In 1C74 Sir Edmund Aiidros was nnide
governor, and continued until the grant by
the Duke of York to William Penn, dated
■August 24, 1G82. On the 24th of October
following, William Penn arrived at New
Castle, and after a brief visit re-embarked and
sailed up the river to Avhat is now Chester,
where he went ashore for a short time and
proceeded to the work of organizing his gov-
ernment. This work accomplished, he vested
the executive power in his council, of which
Thomas Lloyd was president, and sailed for
England June ]2, 1G83.

In the meantime the Duke of York having
conveyed to Penn the three counties now
constituting the State of Delaware, and then
called "the territories," these were, by the act
of union in 1082, annexed to the Province
of Pennsylvania under a common govern-
ment. Altho\igh, in 1704, the Delaware
counties, with Penn's consent, permanently
withdrew from all co-legislative union with
said province and established their own separ-
at(> asseinbly and subsequently had their own

district judirial tribunals, yet they reuiuined
subject to the proprietary and royal authority
until the revolution of 17 TU.

In lUbb James Blackwell was appointed
Lieutenant (iovernor, but he returned U) luig-
land in Decendier of the same year.

On the 21^t of October, 1U'J2, owing to
some dJIiiiulty or nnsunderstanding with
Penn, the King of England seized on the
government and entru.-^ted it to Governor
Fletcher, of Xew York, who, in IG'jy, aj)-
pointed AVilliam :Markham his deputy, be-
cause the peui.lc of the three lower counties
had requested tiiat he be designated as their
go\ernor.

In 1G94 the government was re^Iored to
William Penn, and he appointed William
]\Iarkham lieutenant governor. Five vears
afterwards, or in December, IGli'J, William
Penn arrived the second time in America. In
1701, on his going to England again, Andrew
Hamilton was appointed lieutenant gover-
nor. Jle died in 1702, when President Ship-
jien exercised the office until February, 1703
or 1704; John Evans then became governor,
and continued until February, 1708 or 1709.
Charles Gookin succeeded him and adminis-
tered the government from the close of John
Evans' term until ]\Iay 31, 1717, and for a
second term, expiring June 22, 172G. Patrick
Gordon, his successor, served from the latter-
date to his death, August 5, 173G. James
Logan, president of C(Uincil, then acted as
governor until June 1, 1738, when (Jeorge-
Thomas came into the office and served fronr
Jun^e G, 1747, to October, 1748.

From this time to the close of the Penn
regime the line of governors was as follows:
James ILunilton, October, 1748, to October,
1754; Piobert Hunter ]\f orris, from October^
1754, to August, 1756; William Denny, froni
August, 175G, to November IC, 1750; James
Hanujton, from November, 1759, to October
20, 17C3; John Penn, from November, 17G3,
to 1771; Richard Penn, from October, 177l'
to 1773, and from this date to the Declara-
tion of Independence.

PUESIDENTS OF THE StaTE.

After the Declaration of Independence,
and under the Constitution of September 20,
177G, the chief executive officer was termed
President, and the title was continued until

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STATE OF DELAWARE

G7

llie adi'ptioii ui the Constitution uf l?i.ii'.
Tliose who o(-T\fd as pl■(■^i^l(_■nts weio as fol-
lows:

,)(iliii ^IcKinly, tlic first president (or gov-
trnor), was inaugurated February 21, l^i7,
and administered the att'airs of tlie State until
his eapturt' hy the Jiritisii on the niyiit of yej)-
irndier 1:.', -1777. Jle was born in Ireland,
February 1*4, 1721, and died in Wilmington,
August 31, 17'JU. lie studied niedieine in
]rehind, and when he eanie to this country
early in life, eommenecd practice in Wil-
iningtc>n, where he attained eminence. Being
a man of public spirit and versatile talents, he
wa- cailcMl on to fill several local offices during
till- exciting times that preceded the Iievolu-
tion. 'i'he night after the battle of Brandy-
wine, a di'tachment of British soldiers was sent
to AVilmington to effect his capture and secure
plunder, 'i'hey took the governor from his
lied, and placed him on board of a shallop that
was lying in the river laden with pluiuler,
incduiling the public records, ))late and jewels.
lie was held in captivity until August, 177S,
^\ lien he was allowed to return home on pa-
rule, anil remained there until the close of the
■war.

After the capture of President Mclvinly
the pn-idiucy of the State devolved on
( u(.rgf la-ad, as speaker of the Legislative
( 'uuuL-il, but as he soon after left the Dela-
ware on important business, Thomas ilcKean,
speaker of Assembly, administered the office
luitil January, 1778.

Caesar Bodney served from January, 1778,
to January, 1782. lie was a distinguished
citizen of Delaware, a member of congress,
a signer of the Declaration of Independence,
and a major general of militia; he was in com-
mand of Trenton some time after its capture.
His history will be found more fully de-
tailed in another jiart of this work.

.riihu 1 )ickinson was inducted into office
Januaiy, 17^2, and served to Jan\iarv 13,
17^.'!, when he resigned, lie was succeeded
by John ( 'dok, presi<lent of the Legislative
Counril, who served from January 13,
17S.'', to February 8 following. Of John
Dickin-on little need be said here, as his his-
tory is so well known. lie was born in ifary-
land, Xovember 13, 1732, and died in Wil-
mington. February 14, 1808. Ilis father,
Sanniel D. Dickinson, became chief justiro of
Kent county, and died Julv fi, 1700, :i-rd

te\enty one years. John Dickinson studied
law in Bhiladelphia and London; wa-^ a mem-
ber of the Bennsylvania Assembly in 1 ?(]!:,
and of the Colonial Congress, whi<di met in
Aew York to oppose the stamp act in 1?GJ.
lli^ was a niendier of the First ( 'unnnental
Congress in 17/4, antl tin: author of many
able letters and papers. In June, 1/70, he
(jpj)osed the adoption of the Declaration of
Independence because he doubted the wisdom
of the measure. However, ho was patriotic
and entered the army as a private soldier; iu
1777, he was commissioned a brigadier gen-
eral. In April, 1771), he was elected to Con-
gress fiom Delaware, and in 1780 was a mem-
ber of the Delaware Assembly; in the fol-
lowing year he was elected president of the
State. In 17b3 he was intiuential in found-
ing aiul in largely endowing Dickinson Col-
lege at Carlisle, Pa. The renuiining seven
years of his life were passed in AVilmington.
lie died February 14, 1808.

Concerning the history of John Cook, who
became governor by virtue of his position as
president of the Legislative Council, and who
was the first acting governor of the State after
the Declaration of i)eace in 17&3, ctnupara-
tively little is known, lie was probably a
native of Kent county, but the dates of his
birth and death cannot be ascertained. It is
probable that he was the father of Dr. Boliert
( 'ook, who was born in Kent county. He mar-
ried the widow of (Io\i-rnor Daniil Bogers,
and lived anil died in South !Milfoi-d.

Xiidiohis Yun Dyke, goveriuir from Febru-
ary 8, 1783, to October 27, 17SG, was born
in Xew Castle county, September 25, 1738,
and died there February 19, 17S'J. He stutlicd
law and attained eminence at the bar. On
the breaking otit of the Bevolution he at once
identified himself with the cause of indepen-
dence and took an active part in political and
military affairs. As his name indicates, he
was of Dutch descent. In the military ser-
\'u-o he was a major of militia. He was sent
to Congress in place of Hon. John Dickinson
and John Evans, who declined to serve, and
was a signer of the Articles of Confederation.
He was the father of Nicholas Van Dyke, Jr.,
an able and eloquent lawyer, a Ignited States
Senator, and the maternal grandfather of the
late Victor Dupont.

Thomas Collins, governor from October
27, 17sr,, to his ileath iu ]\rareh. 17S',i. was

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68

BIOGRA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Lorn ill 1732, ami d'wd iioar J)uck. ( 'nvk,
Kiiit county, lie was for jJOUk- lime liigli
slieriff of Kent county, and a ini'uilit'r of
Council for four years. He scrAcd as l)riga-
diur general of militia from 177(i till 17S};
was a member of the Assemhly and chief jus-
tice of the Court of Common Pleas. As he died
before the end of his term of office, the unex-
pired ])ortion, which ended June li, following,
was tilled by Jehu Davis, Speaker of Assem-
bly. Joshua Clayton succeeded to the regu-
hir term June 2, 1789, and served to January,
1793. With the close of this term the title
was changed, under the Constitution of i;OL',
from President to (iovenior.

GovERxoRS Under Co.nstitutiox of 1792.
Joshua Clayton succeeded himself January,
1793, and served until 1790, being the lirst
governor elected under the new Constitution.
Governor Clayton was a physician by profes-
sion, and during the Hevolution introduced
a substitute for I'eruvian bark. Just before
his death, which occurred August 11, 179S,
near ^liddletown, he was chosen United States
Senator. He was the father of lion. Thomas
Clayton, the last chief justice of the Court
of Common Pleas under the Constitution of
1792, and the first Chief Justice of Delaware
uiuler the Constitution of l.s;!l.

(iunning IJedford succeeded to the gover-
norship, January, 1790, and adnunistered the
ollii'e until his death, Septend)er 28, 1797.
The office was then filled by Daniel IJogers,
Speaker of the Senate, until January. 17!I9,
Avhen he resigned and was succeeded by
Eiehard Bassett, who ser\ed from January
to ]\farcli, 1801, when he, too, resiguej.
James Sykes, Speaker of the Senate, then be-
came governor, and filled o\it the remainder
of the term, ending January, 1S()2. (iovenior
Bedford was born in Phihuieljihia about 1730,
and died near New Castle, as stated above.'
During the French and Indian war he served
as a lieutenant. He entered the Pevolution-
ary Army as major and deputy quartermaster
general, Xew "I'ork Department, July 17,
17 75; was lieutenant colonel of a Delaware
regiment, under Colonel Haslet, January 19,
1770, to January, 1777. He was- wounded
at "White Plains October 28, 1770; was also •
muster master general from June 18, 1770,
to Ajjril 12, 1777. He was a d.l.izale to Con-
gress from Delaware, 1783 to 17s:..

Daniel Kogers, who succeeded (iunning-
Bedford, by virtue of his position as president
(d the Legislative Council, was a .son of James
Pogers, and was born rianuary 3, 1751, in Ae-
eoiiiac county, \'irginia. (ioxcriior Poger*
died February 2, lM)(i, at his rc-idence in
South ;Milf'ord, Sussex county, D.'lawaie,
aged fifty-two years and thirty days.

liichard iJassett, who succeeded Daniel
Pogers, and served from January to .March,
1801, when he resigned on account of hav-
ing received from President Adams the ap-
pointment of United States circuit judge, was
born at Bohemia ilanor,iId., in 174,'.,an(l(lied
in September, 1815. He was a lawyer by pro-
fession, and a member of (^"ongres.^ under ilie
old Confederation in 1787; also a member of
the convention that framed the Federal Con-
stitution. From 1 789 to 1793, he was United
State.^ senator and was tlie first man that cast
a vote in favor of locating the United States
cajiitol on the Potomac. He was a presiden-
tial elector in 1797, and voted for John
Adams. His only daughter, Anne, became
the wife of James A. Payard, 2d, who siiiued
the treaty of (ihcnt. lie was buried at Bo-
hemia :\lanor, by the side of his distingui-hed
son-in-law, who died in the same month, (iov-
eriKU- P.assett probably descended from Wil-
liam Bassett, of Plymouth, England. The
name of Bassett has become extinct.

James Sykes, who succeeded Pichard Bas-
sett and acted as governor from 1801 to 1802,
was born near Dover, ilarch 27, 1701, and
died there October IS, 1822. Hi. father,
James Syke.s, held sevi'ral oflices in the State
during and after the Pevolution, and Avas a
delegate to Congress in 1777-8. James Sykes,
Jr., sttidied medicine and became renowned
as a surgeon. Later in life he was a mend)er
id' the State Senate, over which he ]n-e>ided
for nearly fifteen years, and it was by virtue
of his ])osition as president of the Senate that
the office of governor devolved upon him
when Bassett resigned.

David Hall, who served as governor from
Jannai-y, 1S02. to January, 1,S05, wa^ a dis-
tinguished patriot and active as an olHcer dur-
ing the Pevolution. He was born in Lewes
Sussex county, January 4, 1752, son id" David
an.l :\lary Pollock Hall, and died at the place
of his birth September 18, 1818. After re-
ceiving such an education as the times af-
forded, he studied law, and had banlv i i-

meiiced lu-actice when the war of the lu'Vo-

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STATE OF DFLAWMIK G9

lutiou bloke uut. Although quite young, lie m'i\c-(I twolvc ycar.s as judge of tlie court. In

iiiiuiediatoly joined Colonel Haslet's i)ela- IS 1 7 he received tlie vote of the eleetoral eol-

ware regiment, and became an officer in tiie lege of Delaware for vice-president of the

line. He was severely wounded at the battle I'nited States. He was elected to Congress

of (.iermantown, and did not afterwards re- in X^'l'l, and in 1827 .ser\'ed a short time as

join his regiment. I'nited Slates Senator, when he withdrew and

Nathaniel ^litchoU came ne.\t in the line retired to private life. Covernor IJodney's

of governors, and served from 180o to 1808. long life was staiidess. He was an early oppo-

He was born in 17d3 in Sussex county, Dela- nent of slavery and was one of the originators

ware, and died near the place of his birth, of an Abolition Society in the first years of

iebruary I'l, 1S14. Covernor ilitchell was the nineteenth century.

a distinguished othcer in the Kevolutionary John Clark became governor in January,

army antl saw much hard service. See sketch 1817, and served till within a few days before

elsewhere in this work. the third Tuesday \m January, 18'_'0, when he

(Jeorge Truitt was governor from January, resigned, and Henry ^lolleston, then gover-

1808, to January, 1811. He was born in nor-elect, having died between October and

1740, and died at Camden, l~)elaware, Octobe.- Janiuiry, Jacob Stout, speaker of the Senate,

8, 1818. e.\treise<l the duties of tlu^ otlice until Janu-

JoseiJi Haslet, governor from 1811 to arv, IS-Jl. (iovernor Clark died at Smyrna,

1814, was a son of Col. John Haslet, who fell in August, 1821. Jacob Stout, who acted as

at the head of his regiment on the morning gd\crnor for aiiout one year, was lieutenant

of the battle of Princeton, January :!, 1777. go\-ei-nor w hen the vacancy occurred.

His widow was so prostrated on rccci\ing the John Collins was inaugurated in January,

news of the death of her husband that she 1821, and held the (jfHce of go\ernor until

soon after died of grief, leaving several small April lo, 1822, when he ilied. Caleli liod-

children. Joseph, the subject of this sketch, uey, speaker of tlie Semite, then became the

was roared under the guardianship of AVilliam acting gttvei-nor, and finished the term in

ICillen, chief justice, and afterwards (diancel- .January, 182:!. (Iovernor Collins died at

lor of the State. On arriving at majority he Wilmiugtou.

removed from Kent county and establisheil Joseph Haslet, who served a term as gov-

himself as a fanner in Cedar Creek hundred, ernor from ISll to 1814, was again elected,

Sussex county. He discharged with great was inaugurated in January, lS2o, and served

credit the functions of the gubernatorial until June of tiie same year, when he died.

otHcc, the burden and responsibility of which Charles Thomas, then speaker of the Senate,

were greatly enhanced by the AVar <if isi-j. became the acting go\'ernor until the cxpira-

In 1>22 he was again elected governor, tlie tiou of the term in January, 1824.

only ca~e of a second election to that <iltice Samuel I'ayiiter serveil as governor from

in the Jiistt.ry of the State. He died before 1824 to 1827. He was Ixirn in 1 f-''^ at the old

completing his second term in June, ls2.'i. homestead at Payiiter's Drawbridge. His

A resolution passed by the Assembly of Dela- father, who was alsi. named Samuel, was an

ware, Februar_y 21, 1801, directed that a Kngli^limaii by birth. (Iovernor I'aynter was

monument should be erected at Dover to com- elected (jh the k'edcral ticket in 182:). In

meniorate the name and public services of 1844 he was elected a member of the House

Go\criior Haslet; this resolution was carried of Representatives ou tlie Democratic ticket,

out. The epitajJi inscribed on the monument He dii'<l October 2, 184."), and is buried at

is a splendid tribute to this distinguished son Lewes,

of Delaware. ( 'harles Polk became governor in January,

Daniel Kodncy .succeeded Governor Haslet, 18:^7, and administered the oflice until Jaiiu-

January, 1814, and served to Janii.iry, 1817. arv, I8:i0. He \\;is born in Kent county in

He was born at Lewes, Delaware, Sei)tember 1788. In Kid his father was elected to the

10, 1704, and died in 18.">0. During thi' War c(inveiitinn held for the puriiose of forming

of 1812-14 he was active in destroying British "a constitution for ye State of Delaware," and

cruisers on the Delaware, was twice captured, was chosen pre-ident. 7)urinir the sittings he

and suffered the loss of his jn-operty. lie was taken ill, retireil, and did m.t afterwards

I,'. I.

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70

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOl'EDIA

bL'i-ve ill the M'ork. lie died before bis sou bad
iiltaiucd bis cigbtb year. Tbe family name,
wliieh was Scotch, was originally Pollock. The
ancestor of the governor originally settled in
-Maryland, and when tlic boundary dispute
l)et\veeu Penu and J.ord Baltiniore was set-
tled be was thrown on tlie Delaware side, in
l.ittlo (reek hundred. The elder I'lilk was
named Charles, and bad three sons, Cluirles,
John and Josepb. Charles, 2, became tbe
father of tbe governor. Ho declined tbe office
of United States Senator, and also the a})-
pointnient of chancellor offered bim by Gov-
ernor llazzard. He was elected to tbe House
of Iiepresentatives from Sussex county in
October, Iblo, and re-elected in IS 15. Als(.i
to tbe Honse from Kent in 1817, to tbe Levy
Court in ISIO, and in 1821 to tbe State Sen-
ate, of wbicb be was cbosen speaker. In
182G lie was tlie choice for governor, and
served three years. In 1831 he was sent as
a delegate to the convention to revise \\u- State
Constitution and was cbosen president; be be-
came a State Senator in 1834, and on the as-
seniMing of tbe body was elected speaker; on
tbe death of (Governor Beniu'tt be became
acting gi)\-ei-uor. In 1838 ex-(io\'ern(ir Polk
was again elected State Senator and cbosen
speaker. On the expiration of his term he
^\as a)>])ointed register of wills fur Kent
county in 1813, and served four years. He
was appointed collector of the })oit nf AVil-
niingtciii in 18o0, resigned in IS."),!, and died
October 2S, 1857.

Da\iil Hazzard sncceoded to the governor-
ship in January, 1830. He was born in
Uroadkiln Xeck, Sussex i-ounty, !May IS,
1781. Dui-i^' the war of 181l'-14 be \vas an
ensign in Capt. Peter "Wright's company, and
serx'cd during the camjiaign in T")elaware. He
was a justice of the peace for some years, and
was prominent in religious circles. In IS.'U
he was elected a State Senator, and in 1844
he received the appointment of associate judge
of the State of Delaware, but resigned in
1847. In 18,52 be was elected a member of
tlie convention to alter the State Constitution.
Hedi.Ml Julv 8. 1804.

Under the Amended Co.nstitution.

Caleb P. Bennett was the first gin-ernor
elected under the Constitution of 1831, and
served from Jainiarv, 1833, to ^.\^^■. 1830,

when he died. He was born in Chester coun-
ty, Penn.-iylvaiiia, near tiie .-^tate line, >>'ovem-
ber 11, 1758, and dird at bis home in Wil-
mington, -May 'J, 1^.30. In 1701, when but
three years .id, he moved with bis parents to
^Vilmillgtoll. He was a lad of only seventeen
\ears wiien bis father placed bim in the ranks
t.j fight for liliorty. He was promoted to ser-
geant in 1770 .-lid ensign in 1777. It was bis
lot to see mncl service and endure great hard-
ships. He wa nt Prandywine, (jcrmantown,
\'alley Forge und .Monmouth. In 1780 be was
promoted to the rank of lieutenant, and was
with DeKalb at Camden, S. C. He took part
in tbe siege of Yorktowii, and was present at
tbe surrender of ( 'oniwalli-. At the time of
bis death he was tbe la?t surviving officer of
the Delaware Pine of Pevolutionary soldiers.
His term not having expired, tbe office de-
V(dved on ex-Cioveriior Charles Polk, who was
then speaker of tbe Senate, and he closed tbe
term as acting governor, January, 1837.

Cornelius P. Coniegys was governor from
dainiary, 1837, to Jannary, 1840. He was
burn ill Kent county January 15, 1780. Was
aciive during tbe war of 1812-14, and rose
t(i the rank of lieutenant columd in tbe niili-
tarv service. He bad command at Lewes
while the Pritisb Avar.-bi]) roirtiers lay in
the roads and harassed the bay side. In 1811
he was sent to the legislature, was elected
speaker, ami served fo>ir years. Held the
(litire of state treasurer by three Legislative
apuoiiitmeuts in the years 1820, 1821 and
Cs22; aiul again from 1830 to 1833. In 1832
be was a candidate for governor, but failed to
secure tbe numinatioii. He succeeded, how-
ever, in 1830, and was inaugurated .January
17, 1S37. Hon. Joseph P. Coniegys, who
became eminent as a lawyer, and was chief
justice of Delaware in 1870, was his third son.
William B. Cooper was elected governor in
1S40, and inaugurated in Jannary, 1841. He
served bis full term, closing in 1845. He was
a native of Delaware and died Ai)ril 27, 1849.
Thomas Stockton was governor from Janu-
ary, 1845, to ]\rarch 1, 1S10, when he died
in ofiice. He was born in Xew Castle, April
1, 1781. In 1812 he received a commission
in the United States army, and while his
father ((m'ii. John Stockton), served at Elk-
tnii against the British, the son was engaged
in the attack on Port George, under General
Scott, and greatly distingui-bed himself. He

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STATE OF DfJLAWAnE

fl

■\vas noiiiiiiatfd for governor on the "Wliig
ticket, was inaugurated and died suddcidy, as
itated above, of disease of tiie heart. Gover-
nor Stockton was succeeded by Josepli Jiatdl,
Sjieaker uf llie Senate, wiio si-rveil as actiuf;
governor until ^liiy G, IS-IG, wiien he died.
His successor as acting governor was A\'iliiam
Tenii)le, Spiaker of the Ilonse of Iieprcsenta-
1ives,\vho closed out the term. But little of the
history of Acting Governor !Nranll is known.
AVilliani 'i'emiile, his successor as acting gov-
ernor, was born in Queen Anne county, llary-
land, February 28, ISlo. When he 'attained
manhood lie settled as a merchant at Suiyrna.
In 1844 he was elected to the State Legisla-
ture and was made Speaker of the House, by
virtue of which position he became governor.
Iictii'ing from this position, lie was elected
a State Seiuitor and served ten years, declining
re-election in 1854. He was elected to the
1'wenty-eighth Congress, but died before tak-
ing his seat in the siunmer of ISGi!.

William Tharp was chosen governor in the
fall of 1S4G; was inaugurated in January,
1847, and served until 1851. He was a son
of James Tharp and Eimice Fleming, his wife,
and was born in ^[ispillion liundred, Kent
countv, Xosc'udier 27, 1803; died January
1, 1S(;5.

"\\'illiam Henry Harrison Uoss was gover-
nor from 1851 to 1855. He was born at Lau-
rel, June 2, 1814, and was elected governor
when Init thirty-six years of age. He was an
exten.-ive fai'uun' and fruit grower. In the
later years of his life he traveled over various
eountries of Fnrope.

l^eter Fo>ter C'ausey succeeded to the gu-
bernatorial office in 1855, and served to 1859.
He was born near Bridgeville, Sussex county,
■Janmu-y 11, 1801. Fngaging in the mercantile
l))isiness early, he had a ]n"osperous career. For
several years after 1820 he was exten.sively
<'ngaged in mining ore on his own lands in
Nanticoke luuidred. He also operated saw-
mills, a tannery, and flouring mills, and con-
ducted a farm. Governor C'ausey was a pow-
erf\il man ]ihysically. He stood six feet in
height, and weighed over two hundred
pounds. He died February 15, 1871.

AA'illiam Burton was governor from 1850
to Jamiary, 18G3. He was born October 10,
1789. His father, John Burton, was a farmer
in Sussex county. William Burton studied
medicine and Graduated from the Fniver-itv

of Pennsylvania. He settled in ililford and
])raeticed there, with the exception of four
years, when he was sheriff, until he was elect-
ed go\eriuir in 1858. (jovernor Burton died
Augu.-t 5, I.SGG, and is buried at .Milford in
the l'rote>tant J'ipiscopal graNcyard.

AVilliam Cannon was imiugurated gover-
nor in January, 18G3, and served to .March 1,
1S(!5, when he died. He was btu'u in Bridge-
ville, Delaware, in ISU'J. As early as 1825 he
joined the ^\. K. Church, and became a pronu-
iient and zealous mendjcr, holding the otKce of
class leader until his death, lie was chosen a
mendier of the Legislature in 1845, and again
in 1849. He also served one term as treas-
urer of the State. In 18G1 he was a member
of the '"Peacf! ( 'ongrebs," and was a strong
ad\(HaIr of the Crittenden Compromise.
When he becanu; govei-nor the Legislature
was again.st him, but he remained a true and
ardent friend of the LTnion. During the war
he experienced many trials, but never wavered
in firmness and decision of character. When,
on one occasion, the Legislature forbade com-
jiliauee with a law of ('ongress, he promptly
announced by proclamation that he would
]iardon every United States officer convicted
by a State court for the perft)rmance of his
duty to the cause of the LTnion. In a message
to the Legislature in 1SG4, he advised that
body to take measuies for the emancipation
of the slaves in Delaware. The illness that
caused his death was the result of over-exer-
tifin in assisting to extinguish a fire in Bridge-
ville.

Clove Saulsbury, Speaker of the Senate,
succeeded Governor ('annon as acr ing gover-
nor, and served as such from !March 1, 1SG5,
to January, 1807. Politically he was a Demo-
crat, the opposite of the deceased governor,
who was a Uepublican. Gove Saulsbury was
elected governor in 1S6G, was inaugurated
in January, 18G7, and served the constitu-
tional term, ending with the beginning of
1871. Governor Saulsbury was born in ilis-
pillion Xeck, Kent countv, Mav 29, 1815, and
died at Dover, July 31^ 1881. His father,
William Saidsbury, was a man of command-
ing influence and irreproachalde character.
Gove, his son, studied medicine and graduated
in 1842 from the University of Pennsylvania.
He became a resident of Dover and a success-
ful practitioner.

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lilOGHA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

James Ponder siiceeciled l>r. Saiilsl]\iiy as
gOAenior in January, 1871, and served tlie
full term, ending iu 1875. He was born in
[Milton, Delaware, October ;]1, 1819. In
Iblo lie beeauie a partner with liis father in
the mereantile business at .Milton, .\bout
1800, lie erected a large steam uiill for saw-
ing himbcr, ship timber, Are. He dealt ex-
tensively in bark, and often had on hand at
one time a stock valued at $10,000. He was
also actively engaged in the shipping busi-
ness and owned several vessels. In 185(5 ho
was elected a member of the Legislature, and
in lSG-1 was sent to the State Senate, of which
he was elected Speaker in 1807. From this
position he succeeded to the governorsliii), as
stated above. In politics lie was a Democrat.
He died in December, 18!I7.

John ]'. Cochran became governor in Janu-
ary, 1875, and served his full term, ending
with the beginning of 1871). He was iioru
in Appo([uinimiiik hundred, Xew Cattle
county, February 7, 1809, of Scotcli-frish
l)areiitage; was brought up on a farm and in
the mercantile business. J'rom ISSS till 1840
lie was a nu'iiiber of the Levy ('unit nf Xew
Castle county. He was nominated for gover-
nor in 1874, and elected by a large majority.

John W. Hall was elected governor in
1878, was inaugurated in January, 1879, and
filled out the regular term, ending at the be-
ginning of 188:5. Politically, (iovernor Hall
was a Democrat. Ife was born January 1,
1817, in Frederica. His father served in the
war of 1812. The ancestors of the Hall fam-
ily came from Fngland and settled in Dela-
ware in thq early history of the State. John
W. Hall entered the mercantile business, in
connection with cabinet-making and manu-
facture of candy, and was successful. He also
became a large vessel owner. In 1800 he was
elected state senator and served fo\ir years.

Charles C. Stockley, Democrat, was elected
governor in 1882, inaugurated in January,
1880, and served a term of four years, ending
with the beginning of 1887. He was born in
Sussex county, November C, 1819. (iover-
n<ir Stockley was a]ipointc(l county treasurer
in 1852, and in 1850 he was elected sheriff
of his county. In 1873 he was chosen state
senator from Sussex county. He was also
president of the Farmers' Lank of the State
of Delaware. He is now living a retired life
at Clcdriictowii.

Hi'iijamiu T. Higgs, Democrat, sueceeile(l
(iovernor Stockley in January, 1887, and
ended his term in 1891. He was born in Xew
Castle county, October 1, 1821, ami became
a farmer and peach grower. In 1S52 he was
a member of the coii\-eiiti(in to change the
Constitution, He was rlcctcd to Congress in
1808, and again in 18;t).

Robert J. Reynolds became governor in
January, 1891, and closed his term with the
beginning of 1895. He" was born in Smyrna
March 17, 18:58, and was a farmer and fruit
raiser. He was (diosen a member of the Legis-
lature in 1808, and again in 1809; in 1879 he
was elected state treasurer. He is still liv-
ing.

-losliua H. ilarvil. Republican, succeeded
(iovernor Iteynolds January, 1895, and died
in office April 8, 1895. He was succeeded by
William T. Watson, Speaker of the Senate,
who served as acting governor until January
19, 1897. Mr. Watson was born in Alilfonl
June 22, 1849, and is a son of Pethuel and
Ruth Criiarp) "Watson. In 1885 he was
elected to the House of Representatives, but
refused to take his seat. He was elected to the
State Senate in 1893, was chosen speaker, and
served in that capacity until the death of Gov-
ernor ]\farvel. (iovernor "Watson is now liv-
ing a retired life at IMilford.

Hon. File Walter Tnnnell, Democrat, was
elected governor in November, 1890, and in-
augurated in January, 1897. Governor Tun-
nell was born near l]lackwater, P.altimore
linndre<l, Sussex county, December 31, 1844.
liis paternal ancestors were of Huguenot
stock; those on his mother's side were Fug-
lish. After receiving an ed\icatiou he engaged
with his" father in general mercantile businc'^s
at Blackwater. He was elected a member of
the Legislature in 1870, and has filled a
number of other important positions in civil
life. In 1873 he took up his residence at
Lewes and became associated with his brother-
in-law. Dr. D. L. ]\rustard, in the drug busi-
ness. Governor Tunnell attends the Presby-
terian Church. He never married.

On the 2Cth of May, 1898, an event of
more than ordinary importance took place in
the State House in Dover. It was the ])re-
sentation of all the portraits of governors since
177*) that could be procured. After caref\il
search the Legislative Committee secured ])or-

traits (if all the exeeiltive- but thirteen.

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STATI-: OF DELAWAUE

73

Ainoiig tlio missing ones :ire tiiose of Dr. Joliu
^IcKiiily (the first in 1777), and Van Dyke,
(lark, Thomas, Caesar J{oJney, Codk,
Tiicmas Collins, Sykcs, Tniitt, Stout, .Mit-
.h.H, Hamlet, John" Collins, ami Caleb lunl-
ney.

The pictures presented were these:

From New Castle County — CJovs. Head,
MeKcan, Dickinson, Clayton, Bedford, Ben-
nett, Stockton, Cochran, and Biggs.

From Kent County — ]3assett, Comegys,
Polk, Temple, Tharp, Burton, Sanlsbury,
John AV. Hall, Beynolds and Watson.

From Sussex County — Kogers, Davi<l
Hall, Daniel Kodney, Paynter, Ilazzard,
Cooper, Maull, Pioss, Causey, Cannon, i*<in-
der, Stoekley, ifarvil and Tunnell.

'J'he speech of presentation was made by
Pepresciitative ]5enjamin A. llazell, and that
of acceptance on behalf of the State by lion.
Thomas F. Bayard. Henry C. Conrad, Fs(i.,
the historian, also made an address on j)rcsent-
ing the Xew Castle county portraits. The
ceremony, which was interesting and impres-
siye, was witnessed by a large assemblage.

JuDlCI.iKY OK DeLAW.VRK.

Haying given a brief but connected account
of all the governors of Delaware from the
"tirst settlement to the present time, some ac-
count of the judiciary is ne.xt in order. In
an exhaustive paper on this subject, read be-
fore the State Historical Society in Dcccnd>er,
Ib'Jli, Hon. Ignatius C. (jrubb, associate
judge, gave a full and interesting history under
the title of '"The Colonial and State Judiciary
of J)elaware," from which we make the fol-
lowing c(nulensation, believing that no better
source of information, or more tliorough treat-
ment is obtainable.

Judge Cirubb, in the outset of his paper, in-
forms us that the administration of justice in
Delaware embraces a period of two and one-
half centuries \inder colonial and state gov-
ernments. Delaware is indebted to the Dutch
for the discovery of her bay, by Hudson, iii
KiU!); for the early exploration of her river
bv Hendrickson, in 1G15; and for the first at-
tempt to colonize her territory, by De Vries,
neai' T.ewes, in 1(531. But to Sweden, xmdcr
^linuit, in Ki^cS, she owes the first permanent
settlement within her bonli'rs, at Chii-iiana,
now A\'ilmington; and to the Mngli-li, mider

Carr, in KJtJl, the ultimate establishment of
State government and Anglo-Saxon institu-
tions.

Din-ing her earliest history justice was dis-
jHiiscd, .successively, by Swedish, Dutch, and
Kuglish executives, who were cdothed with ju-
dicial powers, which they exercised according
to the laws and usages, so far as ai)plicable,
of their respective countries.

Delaware's first " Fountain of Justice" was
the bluff and irascible Swedish soldier and
governor, John Printz, appointed in IGl:!.
Little is known of him in his judicial capacity,
but Judge Cirubb is of the opinion that he
brought more weight than law to the bench.

After the conquest of the Swedes bv (!ov-
ernor Stnyvesant in ICT.t, the territory uiiou
the Delaware became snbjei-t to the Dutch
government at ^lanhattan, represented by a
vice-director. During the Dutch ascend-
ancy, justice was generally dispensed by a tri-
buiial, couMsting of the vice-director and
commissioners or magistrates, who s;it at suita-
ble times, attended by a "sellout" or sheritf
and other needful officers. In ItHU the Fiig-
lish succeeded the Dutch, aii<l their Delaw:ire
settlers became subject to the laws and gov-
ernment of the Duke of York. Thereafter
the judicial system of Kngland was prudently
introduced by the royal governors. At first
the judicial tribunals and modes of jiroccd-
ure were of the simidest character, as the con-
ditions and needs of the earliest coloiii-ts re-
ipiired no complex or elaborate system. Fut
with the advent of William Peiin began an
era of steady improvement and developmenr,
M'hich culminated in the establishment ..f a
comprehensive and regularly organized judi-
cial system.

The 1 )uke of York having conveyed to I'enii
the three connties now constituting the State
of Delaware, ami then called "the territories,"
these were by the act of union in Pl>2, an-
nexed to the Province of Pennsylvania under
a common government, .\lthough, in ITOf,
the Delaware counties, wiili IV'im's coiisi'ut,
liermanently withdrew from all co-lfiiisla-
tive union with said province and establi^heil
their own separate As-embly, and subM-.[uent-
ly their own judicial tribunals, yet they re-
mained subject (o the ]iroprietary and royal
authoritv nnlil the Kevolntion of iTTii.

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.74

BIOGRA PHICA L IJXCYCLOPEDIA

W'lieii tlie c-ijlonists muuberfd Imt ii fow
scoiu.--, vr at iiioit a luw liuiulred, tlio (Hunts
and tlic'ir proceiliire were iiecLssarily of a
crude and oftentinies rude cliaracter. ivxaai-
inalion uf tlie early records discloses sonic very
amusing- and occasionally ver}' sorrowful in-
stances of the adjudications of tlie early jus-
tices who were all untrained in the law, and
n'one of them magistrates. Indeed, until the
a])))ointnient of Chief Justice William Killen,
under the fii'st State Constitviti(ju of 177G,
none, proliahly, of the jtulges of the Delaware
courts had Leen educated for the bar.

The earliest recorded appearance of an at-
torney in Delaware was at the Dutch court
held at New Castle, liarcli 30, 1(J58. Vice-
Director Alrichs, in a letter of that date to
Ciovernor Stuyvesant, writes: "I have also
to pay the attorney, Sclielhiyn, for salary
earned by him in the suit against * * *
the skip]ier of the ship Printz 3fauritz.''

l]ut the first attorney who appears on record
as having been regularly admitted to the bar,
was Thomas Spry, who was previously a medi-
cal practitioner, holding land in what is now
St. (ieorge's hundred, and who was admitted
in 1G70 (two hundred and twenty-two years
ago) to jn'actice in the Duke of York's court
at Xcw Castle and Upland, now Chester.
AVhether or not Lawyei- Spry was, as his name
indicates, too over-active in sharing the
Duke's lands, in common with others of his
brethren, is only to be surmised. But it 's
rather significant that, on ]\ray 19, 1G77, the
Governor and Council passed order: ''Re-
solved and ordered that pleading attorneys
bee no longer allowed to practice in .ye govern-
ment but for ye depensing causes." After-
"vvards, Tinder Penn's government, neither law-
yers nor doctors seem to have been individual-
Iv esteemed, for Gabriel Thomas, an earlv pro-
vincial historian, tints writes regarding them:
"Of lawyers and )diysicians T shall sa}' noth-
ing, because this country is very peaceable
and healthy; long may it so continue, and
never have occasion for the Tongue of the one
or the Pill of the other, both equally destruc-
tive to men's estates and lives."

The places where justice was dispensed to
those within the present limits of Delaware, by
IMinuit and his successors, were first at Fort
Christina, and next by Governor Print/., at
Pi-intz Hall on Tinicum Island, near what is
Eow Chester. After the founding, in lii.'iG,

of New Anistel (now A'ew Castle), by the
Dutch, the courts were held within the fort
there; as they were for iiiauy years afterwards
under the Knglish rule. I'nder the Duke of
'I'ork's government provision was made tor
holding the courts monthly at Xew Castle
and quarterly at Ui)land (now Chester), and
W'hoi-ekill (now Sussex). The Upland court
had jurisdiction of the settlers on both sides
of the (Christina Creek until December 3,
1078, when Stony Creek, now (Quarry ville
Creek, was made its limit, and afterwards,
-March If, IGSl, Naamau's Creek, until the
twelve-mile circle was defined in 1701. The
Xcw Casde court's jtn-isdiction extended to
Duck Creek, an<l prior to IGSO undoidjtedly
in(duded the tcritory on the New Jersey side
of the Delaware Piver as far as Salem, which
was then known as the "Eastern Shore."
The AVhorekill court, from the time of its
reorganization in 1G73, held jurisdiction with-
in the region now known as Sussex and Kent
counties until IGsO, when St. Joue.s' Court was
established for the newly formed county of
that name. In 1CS2 the counties of "Whore-
kill and St. Jones were changed by Penn to
the present names of Sussex and Kent re-
spectively.

The coin-ts of 'Whorekill or Sussex, from
the time of its earliest permanent settlement
as a Dutch trading post in IG.").^, were first held
in the fort, next in the residence of one of the
justices, and later in a suitable tavern room,
until a court house was fin.ally bnilt at Lewes
about 174r)-,^>0. In 1702 a new court house
was built in Georgetown, to which iJace the
county seat was then remoxcd, and wherein
it has since remained.

The court for St. Jones, afterwards Kent
county, was first held in the house of Edward
Pack, one of the justices, at Towne Point, on
]iro]K'rty near the mouth of Jones Creek, sul)-
se(|uent]y owned by John T)ickinson of Pevo-
lutionary note and now held by his
descendant, A. Sydney Logan, Esq. .\bout
IGDO it was transferred to the tavern of James
"Nfaxwell, on the site of the iiresent Dover
water works, and later to the court house built
about 1097, on the site of the present cotirt
house froutina- on the public square in Dover.

About l7i.'2 the eoin-t house was removed
to the site of the present State Tlouse. There
a new court lioii^e \vns built about 17S'>, its
ground lloor bi'ing occiijiicMl by the Legisla-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

7&

tmx' until 187^5, wlieu it was puivliast-il and ru-
niodcic.l hy the State, exclusively for a Slate
Capitdl, and a new court house was erecteil on
the site formerly oceujiied by that of 1U'J7.

'{"he Xt'W Castle ei-urt sccuis to have lieen
held continuously within its forts, or their
])roteetiug walls, from its oecupation Ly the
1 hitch to the arrival of AVilliam I'enu in lOf^ii.
Jt is supiiosed that the olde.it portion, bein<^-
the ea^t wing, was in existence in Pcnn's time.
A recent careful investigator writes: "Tho
provincial courts, which were then presided
over by AVilliam Pcnn, were often held in the
court house at New t'astle. It is iirobable that
tho main part of the old ciairt house, some-
times called the State House, was built about
1704, as the courts and the Cicneral ,\s.-embly
of the Province held their sessions at Xew Cas-
tle, the latter with few exceptions from !May
24, 1704, to 1779, when it was removed to
Dover." Elsewhere the same writer remarks
that the act making Dover the capital of the
State was passed on May 12, 1777, but that,
owing to the interruptions incident to the war
of the Ivevolution, the legislative sest.ions were
held at Dover, Lewes, or New Castle, as cir-
cumstances required. Finally, a century after
it ceased to be the colonial and state capital,
the ancient town ceased also to be the county
seat, for by act of the General Assendily, after
many years of agitation, this well-wdrn honor
was transferred to Wilmington, and the county
records were removed to the handsome and
commodious court house in that city on Jan-
uary 20, 1881.

Upon his first arrival, in 1682, Peun inau-
gurated his government under a charter and
code of laws, wdiich assured the convenient
and impartial administration of justice, trial
by jury, indictmeut by grand jury, and the
rights of the peojde to particijiate, through
their clio.sen representatives, in the enactment
of the laws designed for their government.
At his condng he foiuid in o])eration the tri-
bunals of jtistice already established and the
modes of jirocedure to which the ])eoi)lc had
become accustomed. "With his usual wisdom
and tact he made no sudden changes likely to
arouse prejudice against his contem])lated im-
]irovcmcnts. Under the proprietary govern-
ment of AVilliam Penn and his successors, how-
e\'('r, the adnunistration of justice in Delaware
was gradually dc\-clopcd and systcmatixcd l'\-

appropriate legislation, as time and circum-
btanees demanded.

Prior to 172U various judicial tribunals had
already been organized. Prominent among
these were the coiuity courts of the Common
Pleas, the county courts of (iencral (Quarter
Sessions of the Peace, and a Pro\iiicial Court.
In adilition to their ordinary powers, eipiity
jurisdiction was vested in the county courta
of Common Pleas, with the authority to hold
Orphans' Courts in the county Courts of Gea-
eral (Quarter Sessions of the Peace. The Pro-
vincial Court was created in llJ84, and con-
sisted of five judges. This court originally
sat in Pliiladelphia, and two of its judges were
rc(piired to sit twice a year in the other
loiinties. It was a Supreme Appellate Court,
but also had original jurisdiction of all capital
crimes, as well as of other matters not triable
by the county courts. This was the earliest
Sujjreme Court, strictly sjieaking, wdiich ex-
ercised jurisdiction \\ilhin the present biirders
of Delaware.

IW a statute enacted during Lieutenant Gov-
ernor Gordon's administration, (172G-3G), a
more etficicnt judicial system was established
within and exclusively for the three counties
of Delaware. Under the system, as improved
by the act of 17C0, the judicial power was
mainly distributed among the respective jus-
tices of the following courts: The County
Court of General Quarter Sessions of the
Peace and Jail Delivery, the County Court of
Common Pleas, and the Supreme Court of the
counties of New Castle, Kent and Sussex upon
Dcdaware. The two first named, respectively,
were to consist ofjU least three of the justices
in each county. The said justices of the Court
of General Sessions, &o., were empowered to
try all criminal cases, not ca])ital, and also to
hold the Orphans' Court in their res)iective
counties. The justices of the Court of Com-
mon Pleas were to have jurisdiction of civit
causes, and also to hold a Court of Equity with-
in their respective counties. The proceedings
ill equity wore to be by bill and answer, and
in all other res]iccts, as near as might be, ac-
c'ordiug to the rules and ]iractice of the High
C(]iirt of Chancei'v in Great Britain.

P)ut the chief feature of this newdy or-
ganized system was the Supreme Court. It
was composed of three, and subsequently, by
the statute of 1 TfiO. of four judges commis-

win ;ni;t

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7G

BIOGRAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

fiijiK(l Ity tlie governor, one of whom was to bo
st3'leil fliic'f justice; this court was to be hehl
twiee every year in each county. ISaiil judges,
ui- any two of them, were enii)owered to liold
tiie court and to hear and determine all causes
renui\ed or brought there by certiorari, writs
</f error, appeal, or other remedial writs, from
ilie respective tieneral (Quarter Sessions of the
J'eace and County Courts of Common rieai,
<>v from any other court of law or equity with-
in the said three counties, and also to examine,
currcM-t, and punish the contempts, defaults,
corruptions, iVc, of the justices of the peace,
sheriffs, and other ofKcers within said counties,
and generally to exercise tlieir jurisdiction and
powers according to law and eiiuity, as fully
as the judges of the Jving's lieuch and Com-
mon J'leas at Westminister or the Chancellor
<if England might do; with the right of apj)eal,
however, from any final sentence, judgment,
or decree of said Sui)reme Court to the King
in Council, or to such tribunal in EnghiTid -is
might be appointed to hear such ai)pcals. 'J'he
judges of this court, or any two of them, were
iiho emjiowered to try all capital offences.

From this Supreme Court there was no aj)-
l)eal to any tither tribunal within the three
I'ounties, or under the ])roprietarv govern-
ment. The sole resort from it was to the King
in ('ouncil, or other app<jinted tribunal in Kug-
laml. From every Supreme Coiiit since es-
tablished there has hcen a ftn-ther resort to a
liigher court within the state; so that this par-
ticuhir one, with its sjiecial characteristics and
]Kiwers, ajipcars to liave been the mo--t dis-
tinctive form of Supreme Coiut which Dela-
Avare has ])ossessed.

The judicial system of 172fi-;it), with but
few modifications, continued in ojieration mi-
til, 1)V the TJevolution, tlie Delaware counties
ceased to lie a colony of Cireat Britain and
became an inde])endent state >nider the (•(in-
stitution of government ordained by their
deinities in convention, Septendiei- 20, 1770.
This convention marks the most momentous
<']ioch in the history fif Delaware — the birtli
of a free and sovereign state amid the throes
of revolution. Tn resjifuise to the reconuueu-
dation of the Continental Coneress, it assem-
hled In Xew Castle, August 27, 1770, and in
twenty-six days comjdrted its woi-k bv dis-
solving all connection with the British Crown
nnd ailo]iting an independent frame of go\ern-

nient. Among its mendjcrs were the foremost
men of their day — (ieorge Iveed, their jiresi-
dent; -Nicholas N'au Dyke, Richard Has.sett,
Dr. Charh's Kidgely, .la.-ob .Moore, and Tho-
nias .McKean.

Ceorgi' Krad, during his notalile career,
was an accomplished lawyer, delegate from
Didawari' in the Continental Congi-css, signer
ot the i)e(daration of Independence and of the
Federal Constitution, I'nited States Senatcn',
and Chief Justice of the Su])rcme Court of
Delaware under the Constitution of 171t2.

-N'icholas Van Dyke was (.f Dutch descent,
a residi'Ut of Xew Castle, a lawyer of emi-
nence, mendier of the Continental Congress,
signer of the .\rti(des of Confederation, and
president of the Delaware State, lie was the
father of Nicholas Van Dyke, Jr., an able
and eloquent lawyer, a United States Senator,
and the matermil grandfather of the esteemed
and lamented A'ictor DnPont.

Kichard Bassett was a very prominent law-
yer and citizen of Delaware, member of the
State Constitutional Conventions of 1770 and
17!t2, signer of the Federal Constitution,
Fnited States Senator, Chief Justice of the
Court of Common Fleas, (1703-9L»), governor
of Delaware, and Ignited States circuit judge.
His daughter was the wife of James A. Bay-
ard, Sr., grandfather of Thomas F. Bayard,
late .\mbassador to fireat Britain.

Dr. Charles Kidgely was a cultured and ex-
perienced physician in Kent county, son of
Xicholas Kidgely and !Mary Vining, widow
of Benjamin Vining of Xew Jersey, and the
father of Xicholas Kidgely, one of the most
distinguished chancelloi-s (.f Delaware, and
also of Henry .M. Kidgely, who represented the
state with distinction as a member of Con-
gres.s, and United States Senator.

Jacob .Moore was a resident of Su.ssex coun-
ty and attorney general under the ju-oprietary
go\erinnent from 1774 to 1770.

But ahove all these gifte<l and patri(itic
framers of our first State Constitution towered
Thomas IMcKean as a born leader of men and
a hold, energetic and unwavei-ing cham]jion of
the cau.se of independence. .Mthough not a
native of TXdaware, he, nevertheless, by his
intre])id patriotism, tireless activity and mas-
terful iier.sonality, not only incited her sons to
heroic action, but liy his own deeds, as her
representati\e, made Delaware illustrious and

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STATE OF DELAWAHK

77

lii'i- fame; iiiiiicii^lialjlc. By seiuliug jwst liasto
to l)u\LT tor ItutliR-y, wlicu the Delaware di'lu-
yat(.- ill the ('ontiiieutal ('oiif^Tc-ss were di\'id-
ed oil tlic Note for iiidepeiidc'iicc, lie hotli
jiro\cd lii-i- jiatrioti-^in and made Uodiiey
famous.

'llie Constitutiuii of 1770 wad framed amid
tlie turmoil of revolution and in the hurry of
lirejiaratioiufor impending war. .\s it wa.s tluj
• dl'sp'ring <if au e.\igency, it jtroxcd valuahle
oiil\- as a i)ro\isional arrangement of govern-
mental ]io\\t'r.<. ( 'on.se(]uently a eonvention
for its re\i>ion was held in 17!>2, whieh estah-
li.-hed a more elaborate judicial system than
liad previously e.xisted.

'J'iiis eonvention, like its predecessor, eoin-
prised among its leaders some of tlie most dis-
tingnislieil men of the time — John Di(d;insoa
and Ivensey Johns, Sr., of New Castle eounty,
and Kiehard iJassett and Nicholas Ividgely of
Kent. John Dickinson was born in .Maryland,
reared in Kent county, Delaware, read law in
Philadelphia and at the Temple in London,
practiced law in I'hiladelphia, and ilied in
^Vilmillgton.

It is notable that of the live most distin-
guished jniblic men of Delaware during the
revolutionary era — ^IcKeau, Dickinson,
Kead, Bassett, and Iiodney — the last named
was the only native of this state, which each
one served so patriotically and so honorably.
!McKean was born in Pennsylvania, and Dii-k-
inson, Kead, and Bassett in Maryland.

Like ^fcKean, Dickinson was honored with
high anil responsible jiositions by both Penn-
sylvania and Delaware. lie was an eminent
pidifical writer, and tinquestionably one of the
niostconsjiiciujusleadersof his day. lie served
Delaware as her d(dcgate in the congress in
177<i-77 and 177!)-8(); as president of the State
in 17m'; as a signer of tlie Articles of Con-
federation and also of the Federal Constitu-
tion, as well as a member of her constitutional
I'oiiveiition of 1792.

K'ciisi'y Johns, Sr., was also born in ^lary-
hiiid, read and practiced lawinthe town of Xew
('a~tlc, and became Chief Justice nf the
Supreme ( 'oiirt, and subse(|uently cliaiiccllor
under the ( 'onstitntion of 17!l2.

.\'ichola> Kidgcdy M'as born at Dover, Dela-
ware. K))on the resignation of Chancellor
AVilliam Killon in ISOl, he was appointed in
hi- stead and filled the office for thirtv veais.

lie is justly regarded as the father of Chan-
cery jiirisjjrudence in Delaware. ^Villiam Kil-
leii, whom he succeeded as chancellor, was the
first and only chief justice for the State uiuLr
the Constitution of 177i), as well as the lirst
chaneellor under that of 171)-'. It is quite sig-
iiilieaiit, to di.-<'(j\ cr that a motion was made
in the coini-iition of 171*2, by Keilsey Joliiii
ami .seconded by .Mr. Hassett, that the chief
justice of said Siijireim- ('ourt should be ".i
person of some legal knowledge;" and that it
was defeated by a vote of fifteen nays to live
yeas — John Dickinson and Nicholas Kidgely
being among the uays. Against his wishes,
owing to the inade(piate compensation, ilr.
Kead was selected for the office, esi)ecially be-
cause of his recognized preeminent legal (juali-
fications for the siici'e.ssful discharge of its
duties. This reason really led, it is said, to the
creation by the convention of 17l»2 of the sepa-
rate court of (dianeery. For Mr. Killen, then
chief justice under the Constittition of 1776,
was seventy years of age. The duties of the
chief justice, owing to the controversies aris-
ing out of the Kevolutionary war and other
causes, were then \ery arduous, and a more
vigorous occuj)ant of the office was required.
Accordingly, .said convention created the office
of (diancellor and made him also president of
the Ai)pellate Court, so that -Mr. Kead might
lie a])poiiited Chief Justice of the Supreme
Court and Chief Justice Killen appointed
(diancellor, with due deference to his age and
long sei'vice on the bench.

The Constitution of 1792 wrought very ra-
dical (dianges in the ap|)ortii)nment of judicial
])owers. Original jurisdiction of civil suits,
concurrent with the Court of ( 'oininon Pleas,
was given to the Su])reme Cmtrt — a power not
formerly ]l<.sse^sed by it. It was also maile tlu
tribunal of last resort from the Or|)lians'
Court, and the Kegister's ('ourt. Said Sii-
l^renie Court was to consist of not fewer than
three nor more than four judges, one of them
to be (diief justice; and a judge must reside in
eaidi county. Any two might be a quorum.
The ('ourt of Common T'leas was similarly
constituted. The jurisdictiou of each of said
courts was to exten<l over the State.

This coustitution also, for the first time in
the history of D(daware, divorced equity from
the law courts and created a sepai-ate chancery
jurisdiction, to be exercised solely by the chan-

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78

BIOQRA PIIIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

cellor. But while it clepiivutl tliu Court of
Coiiimon rieas of its equity powers, it at tlio
same time increased the dignity and import-
ance of its justices by making tiicm State in-
stead of mere county judges.

\ High Court of Jiirrors and Appeals was
also created in lieu of the preceding ('ourt of
-\})l)eals and- given exclusive jurisdiction of
writs of error to the Court of Common Tleas
as well as to the Sujjreme Court, and of ap-
peals from the chancellor.

-V judicial system which supplied two co-
onlinate courts of civil jurisdiction, comprising
nine State judges, inclusive of two chief jus-
tices and a chancellor, was necessarily cumber-
some and disproportionate to the limiteil area
and population of such a state as Delaware.
Doubtless the prevailing feeling in regard to it
was somewhat akin to that once expressed by a
disappointed suitor respecting the ('ourt of
Errors and Appeals of New Jersey, which then
consisted of sixteen members — that it "was too
big for a jury and not big enough for a mass
meeting."

'Jlierefore a third convention, called chiefly
for its reorganization, was held in 1831, which
framed another constitution and established
the courts on a new basis. Conspicuous among
the members of that convention were the Hon.
John M. Clayton, Judge Willard Hall, of the
United States District Court for Delaware;
James Rogers, Esq., an attorney general of the
state; George Read, Esq., grandson of
George Read, the signer; Judge Dingle, of
Sussex county, grandfather of Edward D.
Ilearn, Esq., a member of the next constitu-
tional convention; Presley Spruance, of Kent
county, formerly United States senator, the
father of "William C. Spruance, Esq.

The Constitution framed by the Convention
of 1853 was not adopted, and the judiciary
was operated luider the Constitution of 1831
until the Constitution of 1897 was passed, a
peri(jd of sixty-six years.

By the Constitution, adopted June 4, 1897,
the judicial power of the State is vested in a
Sujireme Court, a Superior Court, a Court of
Chancery and Orphans' Court, a Court of
Oj'er and 'J'erminer, a Court of General
Sessions, a Register's Court, and Justices of the
Peace. There are, therefore, si.x state judges,
as follows: One chief justice, one chancelloi',
and four associates. All are appoinfiil by the

governor, continued by the Senate, and serve
twelve years, or during good behavior, and re-
ceive a .salary of i};:J,(.l(l() per annum. \\\ tho
present Constitution the nundier of State
judges was reduced from nine to six.

'Tiie status of the respecti\-e courts may be
summarized as follows:

The Superior Court has jurisdiction of all
causes of a civil miture — real, personal and
mixed, at common law, and in all others the
jurisdiction and powers vested by the laws of
the state in the Superior Court.

The Court of General Sessions has all the
jurisdiction aiid power vested by the laws of
the state in the Court of (ieneral Sessions of
the Peace and Jail Delivery.

The Court of Chaueery has all the jurisdic-
tion and power vested in such a court.
'J'he Supreme Court has jurisdiction:
1. To issue writs of error to the Su[)erior
Court and to determine finally all matters in
error in the judgments and jinjceediugs of said
Superior Court.

'1. To issue upon application of the accused
after conviction and sentence, writs of eiTor to
the Court of Oyer and 'I'ernuner and the Court
of Cieneral Sessions in all cases in wdiich tho
sentence shall be death, imprisonment exceed-
ing one month, or line exceeding one hundred
dollars, and in all other eases as shall be pro-
vided by law; and to determine finally all mat-
ters in error in the judgment and proceedings
of said Court of Oj-er and Terminer and Court
of General Quarter Sessions in such cases;
provided, however, that there shall be no writ
of error to the Court of General Sessions in
cases of prosecution under Section S, .iVi-tiele
5 of the Constitution.

3. To receive apjjeals from the court of
General Sessions in cases of prosecution under
Section 8, of Article 5, and to determine final-
ly all matters of appeal in such cases.

4. To receive ajipeals from the Court of
Chancery and to determine finally all matters
of appeal in the interlocutory or final decrees
and proceedings in Chancery.

5. To issue wi'its of prohibition, certiorari
and mandamus to the Superior Court, the
Court of ()\-ei' and Terminer, the Court of
General Sessions, tho Court of Chancery and
the Or|ihans' Court, or any of the judges of
tho said courts, and all orders, rules and ])ro-
cesses ]iro]ier to give etTeet to the same. The

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STATE OF DELAWARE 81

General Assembly shall have power to provide Cliief Justices of Dt-hiware under the C'ou-

\)\ law of what judges the Supreuie Court shall stitution of 1831 :

cdiiMst for the purpose of this paragraph, and 'rhuuias Clayton, Jan\iary IS, 1S;{2

in what niauner, aud by what judges of tiiu ,I,)hu,M. Chiyton, January 1C,1637

Superior Court the jurisdiction aud power Kit-liard 11. Hayard, Septendjer ID, 1831)

hereby coutirnied may he exercised in vara- j.,,!,^.^ Booth, "jr., :\hirch U, 1841

ti'J"; Samuel M. Harrington, Kju-il 3, 1855

The courts of Delaware, both of law and I'Mwai-d \V (liliiin May G 1857

equity, have iu mo^t respects, doubtless, iu j^.^^.j,], 1'. Comegys, :\lay IS, 187U

their organization and proceedings, and cspe- Alfred P. Pvobinson, January 20, 1893

cially in mattei-s of pleading, practice, and evi- d^.^i-ipg J3_ j^oi-p^ ;\|.,j.^:i, o^^ is93

deuce, adhered more chisely to the old Kug- /-,, • i! t x- x- t. i i ^i n

,. , ' , , , •;, J. , . " ( hiei Justice of IJchiware under the (_ ou-

Jish in-ecetients tliau tliose ot any oi lier sister .^ . „ ^on~

' -^ stitution ot iSvi.

' ,■" i-^,. 1 • j; • »• J- .1 » i Charles l>. Lore, re-aiipointed, June 1l', 1897

^llK•e lilt) every chief lustico ot the state, , . , ' ,. , > , , ,

excepting the lion. James Booth, Sr.. and Associate Judges ot Delawar,. under the

since 1 79l' every ehaneellor, has been selected Constitution of 1831 :
from the bar. Prior to 1831 very few of the • Appointed.

associate judges were lawyers. Since that date James P. Black, January 18, 1832

all of them but the Hon. David llazzard have Samuel ,M. Harrington, January 18, 1832

been such. Peter Pobinsou, January 18, 1832

The fdllowing have been membei-s of the Caleb S. Laytoii, June 3, 183(1

Delaware judiciary under the colonial and John J. ^lilligan, September 19, 1839

.'-tatc government, classified as follows: Chief David Hazzard, December 10, 181:4

justices of the three Delaware counties under Associate Judges of Delaware under the

the colonial government: Constitution of LS97.

y^innvs. Appointed. AVilliain C. Spriianco, June 11, 1897

Jasper Yeate.s, December 5, 1707 ]gm,tius C. C.rubb, re-app'ted, June 12, 1897

John Healey, April 11, 1710 J.^^^^^,^ IVnnewill, lune 14, 1897

Puchard Birmingham, March 10, 1714 ^villiam H. Bovce, June 17, 1897

Jasper ^ eates, August 1, 1717 i.;,i,,..„.,, Wootten September 6, 1847

Col. John 1-rench, July 25, 1720 j^^],^^ ^^. Houston, ifay 4, 1845

David Lvans April 20, 172 . j^.^,^^^^ y ^Vales, September 2, 1864

w"-,r""'"p„ '''' ^l,, William (!. Whitelev, March 31, 1884

W il ham 111, 1(43 , ^- /, r^ ii ' -\r.,,r o- iqqp.

T, rr , ^1 r^. ,-.^ If^natius ( . ("rubb, May 2o, 1880

liyves Holt, October 20, r<45 , , ^r t, , at,,, i. o-, 1007

T 1 1.. . ri . \ ■!,! I'-ci '^"''" ''■ I'l.vnter, .March 2.), 1887

John V ining, October 30, 1(04 ,„ , ,r V, ,, .,, ,,^, os iwon

T- 1 1 AT w-ir r\ . I OA T^^o <^ harles M. ( uUen, Augusi 2b, 1890

liicJiard AlcWilliams, ....October 30, lii3 ^ ., ,,, ,, , vi ,.,,„,.,. 1 1 Q(n

rM..-.*T.,,,.;,.„.*Tvi„ I,...!., ;. .: David 1. Marvel, iebruarj 1, 1893

Chancellors ot Delaware under the Consti-
tution of 1792:

Chief Justice of Delaware under the ( "onsti
tutionof 177C:

Appointee.. , . ,

William Killen, June (>, 1777 , Appointed^.

Chief Justices of the Supreme Court under ^Villiam Killen, October 0, 1 (93

the Con.,titutiou of 1792: Nicholas Pidgely, December (., 1801

Appointed Kensey Johns, Sr., June 21, 1830

George Pea<l, September 30, 1793 Chancellors of Delaware un.ler the Consli-

Kensey Johns, Sr., January 3, 1 799 tution of 1 83 1 :

Samuel ^f. Harrington October 10, 1830 Appointed.

Chief Justices of the Court of Common Kensey Johns, Jr., laiinary 18, 1S32

Pleas under the Constitution of 1792: Samuel ]\1. Harrington, .May 4, 1857

Appointed. Daniel M...,re Bates, December 12, 1805

Pichard Bassett, September 0, 1793 Willard Saulsbury, . . . .Xovendier 14, 1873

James Booth, Sr., lauuary 2s, iTiii) James L. Wolcott, ?ilay 5, l.S!t2

Thomas Clayton, Pebruarv S, ISj-s John P. Nicholson September 5, 1895

5

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8-2 BIOGUAPIllCAL ENCYCLOrKDIA

(.'lianccllor of Delaware iiiRkT tlic Coiisti- early period, lie rebiyued as t-liaiu-eil(n- in

tutidii of IbltT: l.so'jj and died at Dover, Delaware, UL-t<jij;;r

John K. Xicliolsoii, re-app'ted, June 10, l^'JT 'i, INUJi, in the eiglity-seeoud year of his aye.

J.aw Reporters: Hon. Oeorge Itead, the tirst ehief jiistiee of

yaniiiel -M. JIarringtou, 1832-lSrjci the Siii)renie I'ourt of Delaware under the

John W. Houston, lSr)a-18i);J Constitution of 17S)2, was the eldest sou of Col.

J)avi(l T. ilarvel, IS'Jo John Head, who was descended from an old

Chancer}' reporters: eouiity fauiilv of iio?ition in JOiiglaud, and euii-

Appointed. grated from Duhlin, Ireland, to Mar\land.

Daniel M. Bates, 1S14-18T;5 Jle was horn in Cecil county, .Maryland, in

WillarJ Saulsbury, 1873-18'J:i J733; admittetl to the I'hiladelphia bar in

James L. Wolcott, 1802-181)5 17u;J, and began the practice of law in HTjI

John K. Nicholson, l81Jj at Xew Castle, Delaware, where he afterward.

It may be interesting to the general readc.', resided throughout life. Although, unlike

as well as convenient for reference, to give ,MeKean and Koduey, he voted against the De-

brieHy something of the history of the ileceas- claration of Independence l)ecau^e he then

ed chief justices and chancellors of D(da- dei'med its immediate ado))tiou prenmture and

ware. In doing this we acknowledge our in- injudicious, yet he sid)se(piently signed and

debtcdness to Judge Crubb, who, in his a<l- steadfastly supported it. While more conser-

mirable historical paper, has jJaccd the facts vative than the vehement ^McKean and the ar-

before us. dent Kodney, he proved no less loyal to his

Hon. William Killen, fii-st chief justice of coiuitry's cause. Among his contemporaries,

''The Delaware State," and iirst chancellor (jf his conspicuous career in Delaware of long,

of the State of Delaware, was born in the north useftd and varied public service was probably

of Ireland in 1722, probably of Scotch-Irish unrivalled. He was attorney general under

jiarentage. In 1737, at the age of tifteen, he ihe Crown, 17U4-7-1; member of the Delaware

emigrated to I'hiladelphia and became an Assendily, 1 7tJ,")-7."i ; member of the Conti-

inniate in the household, inlventeouuty, Dela- nental Congress, 1774-77; signer of the Decla-

ware, of Samuel Dickinson, father of (bjv. ration of Independence, president of the State,

John Dickinson, of Jvevolutiouary fame. 1777; judge of admiralty 1782; member of

There, by industry and diligence, he ac(piircd cou\'ention which framed the Federal Consti-

his })reliminary education, became deputy sm- tution in 1787, and United States Senator,

veyor of Kent cotinty, under the j)roprietary l78i)-(»3, which position he resigned to become

government, and sulisequently a member of chief justice of the Sujireme Court of Dela-

the bar in good standing and jiractice. ware. He held the latter ofHcc from Septem-

In 1753, when he had reached the mature: bei- 30, 17'.t3, initil his death, Seiitcndier 21,

age of thirty-one, he married Rebecca -Mice, ]7!*8.

by whom he had two sons who died witliout .\s his remarkable career discloses, he was

issue,andthreedaughters, one of whom becauK' an earnest jiatriot, an eminent statesman, ami

the wife of Hon. AVillard Hall, United States m distinguished judge. He a'^suuied the otHce

Judge for the district of Delaware, and another ,if chief justice amid the ditfimdlies and am-

of Jacob Stout, who was appointed an as-^ociale fusion which followed the Revolution, having

judge of Delaware. He was commissioned been selected and induced to acce|)t the office

June (i, 1777, Chief Justice of the Sui)reme becatise of his ])re-eminent qualifications for

Co\u-t under Delaware's first State ('oustitu- the discharge of its ])er]ilexing and laborious

tiou <jf 1770, and held the office until 17'.i3. duties. He proved e(pnil to his trust, for ho

When equity jurisdiction was se])arated from was esteemed and honored as an able and )ip-

the law courts, under the vState Constitution i-i^ht judge, and his decisions were regarded

of I7ri2, he was appointi'd the first chancellor liv the judges and lawyei-s of his time as of the

of Delaware in October, 1703. Little is known hiahest authoritv.

of his judicial career, either as chief justice or Rei;arding him his biogra|)her observes:

chanccdlor, as there are uo private n<iies or otfi- ''.Vpiilause at the bar did not in him generate

eial reports of adjiulicated cases during his vanitv, success in his |)olifical life audiition.

rv'«"' y A '\"'\^ "(VOOV'A

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„, I.

STATE OF DELAWAllE

S3

)iur tlie dignity of the beiieli dogiuatisiu. As
a lawyer, a patriot, a statosiuaii, and a judge
lie was alike unpretending, consistent, and im-
partial. In person lie was above the middle
si/.e, ereet and dignitied in his demeanor.''

Chief Justice liead's long life of puhlie use-
fulness was tenuinated by a sudden and short
illness'. He died at his home iu -Xew Castle
and was buried near the eastern wall of Im-
nianuel Church in that city.

His successor was Ivensey Johns, Sr., who,
after thirty-two years of service as Chief Jus-
tice of the Supreme (^ourt, became ciiancellor
of the State. 'J'hereujion he was succeeded by
lion. Samuel !M. Harrington as Chief Justice,
who also subsequently became chancellor, as
hereinafter appears.

Hon. Eichard Bassett, first Chief Justice of
the Court of Common Pleas under the Consti-
tution iif 171)2, was born on liohemia ^lanor,
^larvland, in 174."), read law under Judge
Coldsborough, of that state, and became
a very ])roiniuent citizen of Delaware.
His daughter married James Ashton Eayard,
Sr., of Delaware, one of the most gifted law-
yi'i-s and statesmen of his cFay. ^Ir. Bassett
tilled many honorable public positions. He
was a member of the (.'ouncil of Safety in
1770: t-iptain of the Dover Light Horse, un-
der Washington, in 1777; member of tiie
Dtdaware Constitutional Conventions of 1770
and 17112; member of the Convention which
framed the Federal Constitution, and United
States Senator from 17S1) to 179.'5. He was
a]ipointed, September G, 17'J3, Chief Justice
of the Court of Common Pleas, and resigned
this office upon his election as Covernor of
Delaware, in January, 17'.t'J. Hi 1801 he re-
signed the latter position upon his appoint-
ment by President Adams to the position of
United States Circuit Judge for the Third
Circuit. He died in 1815 at Bohemia Manor,
where he was buried beside his distinguished
son-in-law, James A. ^bJayard, who died the
same month.

Hon. James Booth, Sr., who succeeded
Hon. Tvichard Bassett as chief justice of the
Court of Common Pleas, was born at Xew
Castle, Delaware, February 6, \7^)^. Al-
though not a member of the bar, he had great
aptitude for the law, which, in eonnection with
a sound jtidgincnt, diligent study, and long
experience of the courts and public affairs, cn-
{ibh-d him to discharge his jtidicial duties dur-

ing his long career upon the bench in a highly
(rc-ditahle and acceptabla manner. He was
largely intluential in his public and private re-
lations, and a Fetleralist in i)iJitics. Prior to
his appointment, January 28, 17'jy, as Chief
Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, he was
.secretary of the Delaware constitutional con-
ventions of 1770 and 171)2; naval officer,
1777; marshal, 1778; secretary of state,
1778-!»7, under (.iovernors Caesar A. IJodney,
John Dickinson, Joshua Clayton, and Cun-
ning Bedford; and presidential elector in
1&08. His stature, features, and figure were
very prepossessing, and his dress and manner
those of an old-s(diool gentleman. He con-
tinued on the bench for nearly thirty years,
until liis death at A^ew Castle, February 3,
1828, when Thomas Clayton was appointed in
his stead.

Hon. Thomas Clayton, the last chief jus-
tice of the Court of Common Pleas under the
Constitution of I7t)2, and the first chief jus-
tice of Delaware under that of 1831, was the
son of Governor Joshua Clayton, M. D., of
Delaware, and was born in Jiily, 1777. Hav-
ing received a classical education he read law
under Nicholas Piilgely, at Dover, and was
admitted to the Delaware bar in 1799. His
career, both at the bar and in public life, wa3
notably successful. Hi 180S he was appoint-
ed secretary of state; in 1811 attorney gen-
eral of Delaware; in 18U, was elected to Con-
gress; and in 1824 became Pnitcd States Sena-
tor, vice Caesar A. Rodney, resigned. In
1>^28 he was appointed chief justice of the
old Court of Common Pleas, and served as
such until January 18, 1832, when he was
commissioned chief justice of the state un-
der the new Constitution of 1831. He re-
signed this office in 1837, upon his re-election
to the United States Senate; he continued to
rei)reseiit the state in that liody until 1848,
when he retired from public life, and became
a resident of Xew Castle, where he died, sud-
denly, in 1854.

Chief Justice Clayton's endowments were
of the solid and not the showy sort. He was
thoroughly versed in the principles of the law,
and grasped the vital points of a case with sur-
jirising quickness and vigor. His words were
few, but masterly in f(jrce and point. He
ranks pre-eminent among tlio.se who have filled
the office of Chief Justice, and has left to sur-
^ive him a judicial reputation which has hard-

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84

BIOGIIAPIIICAL EXCyCLnrEDlA

ly beeu equaled, auJ never surpassed, by auy
iucumbeiit uf the Delaware beueli.

liuu. J oLu Al. Clayton wab the suu of J auies
Claytou, and nephew of Ur. Joshua Clayton,
Chief Exeeutivc of Delaware under the Con-
stitution of 177G and 1792. lie was born in
Sussex county, Delaware, in 17'JG; graduated
from Vale with the highest honors, was a law-
student under his cousin^ Chief Justice
Thomas Clayton, and at the Litchiield, Con-
necticut, Law School; was admitted to the
Delaware bar in IblU, and was secretary of
state from 182G to 1828. In the Jackson-
Adams contest of 1828 he led the Adams
party in Delaw^are to victory, was rewarded
by election to the United States Sena.te, and
entered that body at the early age of thirty-
two. Even among such renowned colleagues
as Webster, Clay, Eenton, and Calhoun, j\Ir.
Clayton immediately took a leading part, and
soon rose to commanding prominence as a na-
tional leader, lie was re-elected to the Senate
in 1835, and further elected thereto in Ibla,
and again in 1853. After General Taylor's
election as President, in 1848, Mr. Clayton be-
came United States Secretary of State, and
during his term negotiated the celebrated
Clayton-Bulwer treaty with Great Britain.

During his national career he was pre-emi-
nent among those who participated in all the
great public measures of that period. In
1837, desiring to retire from political life, he
resigned from the Senate, and Chief Justice
Thomas Clayton succeeded him. Thereupon
he was induced to accept the vacant chief jus-
ticeship of the State, which position lie held
during only three years. No man in Dela-
ware, excepting James A. Bayard, Sr., liad
ever before possessed such a combination of
great intellectual forces, and had such a re-
markable career as John M. Clavton. His
course upon the bench, though short, was suf-
ficient to exhibit him as a thoroughly-equip-
ped lawyer and jurist. From his judgments
there was never a writ of error. lie retired
from the bench, and sul)equently re-ciitcrcd
the Senate, of which he died a member in Xo-
vemLer, 1856.

lion. Tkicliard II. Bayard came of a notable
and historic family distinguished for heredi-
tary ability. The family began its famous
career in Delaware with the elder James A.
Bayard, who negotiated the tniil;. •■f Ghent,
and was worthily represented liy lii^ late dis-

tinguished grandson, Thomas I". Bayard, Am-
bassador to Great Britain. Bichard II. Bay-
ard was the uncle of the latter and the eldest
son of the former. His mother was the
daughter of Biehard Basselt, chief juatice
and governor, and his wife the granddaughter
of Charles Carroll, of CarroUtoii, a Maryland
signer of the Declaration of Independence.

Richard 11. Jiayard was born in Wilming-
ton, Delaware, September 23, 17'JG; graduated
from Briuceton in lbl4; admitted to the bar
in 181 b; tii-st mayor ol Wilmington in 1&32,
and United States Senator 183G-3'J. He was
chief justice of Delaware from September
Vd, 183y, until March, 1841; he then re-enter-
ed the Senate, where he remained until suc-
ceeded by John M. Clayton, in 1845. From
1850-53 he served as United States .Minister to
Belgium. Bichard II. Bayard died in Bliila-
delphia in lbU8. He was a man of courtly
appearance and polished manners, with a large
measure of the ability inherent in his race, but
his brief term upon the bench afforded very
little opportunity for the display of his judi-
cial qualities.

Hon. James Booth, Jr., was the son of
James Booth, Sr., chief justice of the Court
of Coninion Bleas from 1799 to 1826, and was
Lorn at Xew Castle, Delaware, November 21,
1789; graduated from Princeton, studied law
at Litclitield, Connecticut, and was admitted
to the Delaware bar in 1 8 12. He married the
sister of Hon. James Bogei-s, attorney gen-
eral of Delaware. After a long and success-
ful law practice, upon the resignation of Chief
Justice Bichard II. Bayard, he became his suc-
cessor, March 12, 1S41, and, until his death,
March 20, 1855, discharged his judicial duties
with a degree of ability, integrity, diguitv mid
urbanity which secured both public respect
and personal regard of an enduring character.

Hon. Edward Woodward Gilpin, the sixth
chief justice under the Constitution of 1831,
was born in Wilmington, Delaware, Julv 13,
1803. Having first received a practical busi-
ness training, he studied law thoroughly in his
native city, under United States Senator John
Wales; was admitted to the Itar in 1327, and
through many years of extensive practice dis-
tinguished himself as one of its foremost mem-
bers. In 1S40 he became attoi-ncy general
of the State, and for ten years discliaroed the
duties f.f llie office with conspicuous vigor and
success. In 1S57, as the aeneral choice of the-

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( '■ 1

STATE OF DELAWAEF

85

Lar aiul people, Edward AV. Gilpin was ap-
pointed eliief justice of the State. For near-
ly twenty years he presided over the civil and
criminal courts, and as a member of the Court
of Errors and Appeals; and il is generally con-
ceded tiiat, when all his various judicial quali-
fications are considered, he has been, in most
lesnects, without a superior on the Delaware
bench. ' lie was a man of positive character,
resolute, diliuent and masterly in every re-
spect. Although highlj' intellectual, he was
iit all times thoroughly practical. During his
long service on the bench, his integrity of
character, his judicial and practical (puilities,
and his potential personality won for him the
regard and homage of the bar, jurors and gen-
eral }>idilic in a greater degree, perhaps, than
had ever lieen enjoyed by any of his predeces-
sors, save, perhaps, Chief Justice Thouuis
Clayton. Judge (.iilpin was stricken on the
bench, at Dover, with angina pectoris, and
died April 29, 1876, as his brave spirit woidd
have M'ished, in the actual discharge of the
iluties of his f)fHce.

lion. Joseph P. Comegys, the third son of
fJov. ( 'ornelius P. Comegys, was born at Cher-
bourg, the famil_y seat, in Kent county, Dela-
ware, December 23, 1813. lie received a
thorontih classical education, read law under
lliiu. .lohn ^r. Clayton, then United States
Sciiatdr, and was admitted to the bar in 1835.
1'w(j years thereafter he was married to !Miss
I)ougla.-s, the niece of j\Ir. Claytotl, and from
that time resided in Dover, Delaware, where
for more than forty years he practiced his pro-
fession with great reputation and profit. As
a leading Whig he was appointed by the Gov-
ernor, in 1856, United States Senator, to fill
the vacancy caused by the death of lion. John
!M. Clayton. In 1855 lie was commissioned
Associate Judge for the State, but declined
the av>nointment. In 1876, upon the death
of Chief Justice Gilpin, he was appointed his
succe>Ma-, and filled the position until his
death in IS'.i.", in his eightieth year.

IldU. .Mfred P. Picibinson, the son of Alfred
P. liuliiusi.n, Sr., attorncy-at-law, and the
grand-on of Judge Peter Pobinsoii, was born
in Sussex county, Delaware, February 17,
1842, and admitted to the bar in l.St;3,' Pos-
sessing a fine legal nund, which he had im-
proved bv diligent studv of the law and by
extensive general reading and experience, he
ac(iuire<l a lucrative '.racfice and became the

recognized leader of the bar of his county.
He was deputy attorney general of the State
from lb7-l to 1879, was a delegate from Dela-
ware to the Democratic National -Convention
in ISS-l, and was appointed by the guvenior
in 1891 as one of tiie Stale commissioners on
uniform legislation among the several States.
He was appointed, January 26, 1893, chief
justice of the State, to succeed Hon. Joseph
P. Comegys, deceased. His rei)utation at the
bar gave 'ironiise of an exceptionally useful
career upon the bench; and this expectation
was shown to be warranted by the very able
dis(diar"e of his duties during the brief month
of his judicial service. Unhapijily his onuor-
tunities for a conspicuously creditable judicial
carec'r were terminated by his sudden and un-
timely death from heart failure, l\Iarch 1,
1893J in his home at Georgetown, a few hours
after he had adjourned the term at Wilming-
ton.

Chancellors.

Hon. Nicholas Kidgely, the successor of
Hon. William Ivillen, the first chancellor of
Delaware, already described among the chief
justices, belonged to a family of public and
social prominence which for many successive
generations in Delaware has furnished judges
and lawyers of marked ability. lie was the
eldest son of Judge Charles Greensburg
Kidgely, an accomplished physician of Kent
county, Delaware, and the son of Judge Nich-
olas Kidgely, who was born in ]\raryland in
1694-, and settled in Delaware in 1732 — the
grandson of Col. Henry Kidgely, who emi-
grated from Devonshire, England, to Anne
Arundel county, ^Maryland, 1659, and there
became colonel of militia, meudier of Assem-
bly and Council, colonial justice, (Src. Chan-
cellor Kidgely was born at Dover, Delaware,
Septemlier 30, 1762, read law under Judge
Kobert fJoldsborough, at Cambridge, jMary-
land, and was admitted to the Delaware bar at
Xcw Castle in 1787. He early attained a
conspicuous standing at the bar, even among
such di.->tinguished niembers as the elder James
A. Hax'ard, ( 'aesar .\. Koduey and Nicholas
X:m Dyke, Jr. In 1791 he was appointed
attorney general of the State, and held the
office for ten years. He was a leading mem-
ber of the State Constitutional Convention of
1792 and thereafter was repeatedly elected a

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86

BfOGRAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

meinber of the General Asseiul^ly, and drafted
tlie principal legislation recjuired by the
changes wrought by the Eevolution and the
recently adopted Constitution.

In 1S02, the Orphans' Cdurt jini<dicti(.n
was transferred from tlie Court of ( 'onuuou
Pleas to the chancellor by an aniendnient to
the Constitution of 171I2, effected mainly by
Chancellor Ifidgely's intluence. He thereby
became sole judge of the Orpiums' Court. In
December, ISOl, Chancellor Killen resigned
liis otHce and ilr. Jiidgely was a|)[)ointed to
succeed him. Prior to his appointment tliere
Lad been very little business in the Court of
Chancery, antl there were but few ijrecedents
for his guidance. The entire course of e([uity
procedure and practice was yet to be regulated
and established under the newly-created
Court of Chancery. To this task he devoted
himself in his methodical way with untiring
vigor and industry. The rules of court, forms
of i)ractice, and general principles adopted by
liini are still in nse, and lie is justly considered
the founder of the chancery jurisprudence in
Delaware.

During the thirty years that he was chan-
cellor he carefully took notes and preserved
his opinions in all the important cases adjudi-
cated by him. In appearance Chancellor
Pidgely was of medium height and robust
form, with a resonant voice and a remarkably
expressive countenance. Although he lived
nntil 1S30, he still adhered to the manners and
garb of the olden times. Altogether he was a
striking figure and a commanding character,
and he was regarded with tiie highest respect
for bis sterling worth, both as judge and citi-
zen. Towards the close of his life he suffered
from ill health, although he sturdily dis-
charged his judicial duties to the end. lie
died April ], 1830, of heart disease, within a
half hour after he had adjourned his court at
Ccorgetown, and was buried in the Episcopal
churchyard at Dover.

ITon. Kensey Johns, Sr., the last Chancellor
iinderthe Constitution of 1702, was born Juno
14, 17o!), at West Piver, Anne Arundel
county, ^larvland, and came of Welsh ances-
tors long settled in that state. He read law
nnder Pamnel Chase, of 'Nraryland, afterwards
a judge of the Pnited States Supreme Court,
and completed his studies nnder deorge Pead,
snbspqucntlv chief justice, at Xew Castle,
Delaware, and there, after his adnii.ssi<;n to the

bar in lTtS3, became a lawyer of repute and
prominence. He was a member of the con-
vention which framed the State Constitution
of 171)2; was a})p(jinted by (iovernor Clayton,
in 1794, I'nited States Senator in lien of
Ciecn'ge Pead, resigned; was commi.ssioned
Associate Judge of the Delaware Supreme
( 'ourt in 17tltJ, and ( 'hief Justice thereof ujiou
the death of Judge Pead in 171)8.

Judge Jidins came unon the bench, like
Judge Pead, during a period wherein many
(|Urstions r(-iiiaiued nn^(■ttled, owing to the
Pe\-olution and the changes caused by the
recent re\ision of theConstitution and statutes
of the State. Pt'ing admirably qualified for
this arduous task by his legal learning and ex-
))eriencc, he discharged the duties of his re-
sponsible i)ositi(jn with rare judgment and ini-
jiartiality, and with general ajjpruval, for more
than thirty years. After the death of Chan-
cellor Pidgely in 1830, he was appointed in
his stead, but, upon the adoption of the Consti-
tution of 1831, he retired from the ofKce of
Chancellor in 1832, and was succeeded by his
son, Kensey Johns, Jr., who filled the positimi
ably for over twenty-five years. He died in
hi> nini'tietli year in full possession of his men-
tal facidtics.

Ilcni. Kensey Johns, Jr., the first chancel-
lor )inder the Constitution of 1831, was born
in 3.ew Castle, Delaware, in 171)1, and gradu-
ated from Princeton College in 181i). lie
read law with his maternal uncle, Xicdiolas
Van Dyke, Esq., conqJeted his studies in the
law school at Litchfield, Connecticut, and was
admitted to the bar at Xew Castle in 1813.
After pursuing a successful practice of the law
for several years, he was, in 1828, elected to
(^ongress to fill the vacancy in the house
caused by the election of the Hon. Lo\iis ^Mc-
Lane to the .Senate.

After retiring from Congress he resumed
his law practice, but, npon his father's retire-
ment from the chanccllorshii), was appointed
to that position January 18, 1832. During his
long term of judicial service nniny questions
of importance wej-e decided by him; yet his
jiidgments were nsnallv correct, and where
a])])ealed froTU were almost unifm-mly aftirm-
ed, thus attesting his ability and learning as a
well-equipped equitv judge. Like his prede-
cessor, CJiancellor Pidgely, he died almost in
the performance of his judicial dntv, on
]\rarch 28, lS,->7, at Xew Castle, having that

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lll'lll..»I'l-l Ii .1)

STATE OF DELAM'AJIE

87

day returned to his home after closing tho
term of court in Sussex county.

Hon. Samuel M. Harrington is notable in
the judicial aunals of Delaware as having been
Chief Ju:-lice (;f the Supreme Court under the
Constitution of 171)-.^, and Chief Justice and
also Chancellor of the state under that of
1831. lie was born in IJover, ])elaware, in
lbU3, ami was graduated from Washington
College, -Maryland, in 1823, with the first
honors of his class, lie was admitted to the
bar at Dover iu lS2(i, and became secretary
o{ state in ls2S, and again in 1830.

In 1830, at the early age of twenty-seven,
he was aijpointcd Chief Justice of the Su-
preme Court of Delaware, and, upon its abo-
lition by the Constitution of 1831, became one
of the Associate Judges of the State. In
18r)i) he became Chief Justice of the State,
upon tiie death of Chief Justice Booth, and
hlled that office until May 4, 1857, when he
^vas a])pointed chancellor to succeed Kensey
Johns, Jr., deceased, which position he held
until his death, Xovember 28, 1865.

Judge Harrington, in connection with Jo-
seph P. Comcgys and Daniel M. Bates, Esqs.,
assisted to prepare and publish the Kevised
Code of 1852. He was the first official re-
porter of the judicial decisions in the State,
and discharged this duty with rare perspicuity,
conciseness, and precision. His five volumes
of Iieports extend from 1832 to 1855. Ilis
life was one of constant mental activity, tire-
less industry, and exceptional public useful-
ness. As has been fndy said of him by a
distinguished jurist, "Without any extraor-
dinary advantages of social or political influ-
ences, a career so remarkable could have been
accomjilishod only by the manifestatiijn of \ui-
u&ual merit."

Hon. Daniel iloore Bates, born at Laurel,
Delaware, January 28, 1821, was the son of
Kev. Jacob iloore, and upon the death of his
father, was adopted by Hon. ^lartiu W. Bates,
of Dover, Didaware, and given the surname of
Bates, by act of Assembly. He was gradu-
ated from Dickinson College, Pennsylvania,
in 183'J; admitted to the Delaware bar in
1843, and rose rapidly to promineuce as an
acknowledged leader of his profession. He
was by nature a student of the law. His miiul
was liighly analytical, very subtile, and much
inclined to extreme refinements in its legal
processes. He had unusual powers of menial

concentration, was a rapid worker, and a pa-
tient, painstaking and exhaustive investigator
of the most alitruse legal problems.

In 1847-51 he was secretary of state; in
18411, oue of the c<Mlifiei's of the state statutes,
and iu 1852, United States District Attorney
for Delawai'C. Iu 18(15, by the general desire
of the bar, he was ap])ointed chancellor, vice
Hon. Samuel il. Harrington, deceased, and by
his able discharge of the duties of this office
amply confirmed the expectations raised by his
selection. Owing to failing health, he resign-
ed his office in 1873, and, after a brief resump-
tion of his professional practice, died in 1871).
Hon. AVillard Saulsbury was born in Kent
county, Delaware, June 2, 1820. He was the
youngest brother of Dr. (iove Saulsliury, who
was (iovernor of Delaware, and of Hon. Eli
Saidsbury, who was for eighteen years United
States Senator. He was educated at Dela-
ware College and at Dickinson College, Penn-
sylvania; read law at Dover, and was admitted
to the Delaware bar in 1845. He began the
l)ractice of law at (ieorgetown, Delaware, and
liy his studious habits, native energy and vig-
orous intellect soon liecame known throughout
the State as an able lawyer, an elocpient speak-
er and a political leader of brilliant promise.

From 1^50-55 he was attorney general of
the State. In 1859 he was elected as the
Democratic candidate to the United States
Semite, and was in 1805 re-elected. There he
was a consj)icuous figure, and serve(l for twelve
years with great distinction as an eloquent and
jiowerful debater. In Xovember, 1873, he
was appointed Chancellor of the State, which
office he filled with great ability and popular-
ity until his sudden death from apople.\y in
.\pril, 18!)2. Ilis re])orted decisions are nu-
merous, and are pidlished in the Delaware
Ciiancery Keports. Xature' lavished upon
Chancellor Saulsbury her choicest gifts of
mind, feature and person; a captivating man-
ner, a rarely handsome countenance, a robust
physicpie and a superb figure, together with
very brilliant and versatile intellectiuil powers.
Very few Delawareans have cijualled him in
natural endownu'uts.

Ux-Chaucellor James.!,. Wolcott was a na-
tive of ?i!ispillioii Inindi-eil, and was born
about one mile and a half east (jf Harrington,
Delaware, February 4, 1842, and died at his
honu- in Dover, "March 31, 1808. His jiarents
were Josiah and Ulizabeth Wolcott, and he re-

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BWGIiAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ceivcd Ills education in the country scliools iu
whii'li lie afterwards taught, in ISJ^ ,Mr.
AVoleott cntt-red upon the study of hiw with
tiie lion. Eli Saulsbury, and was admitted to
tlie bar Aiiril 23, ISGli. After his a<hui=sion
he took an active interest in politics and soon
arose to political as well as legal prominence.
. The tjtate Senate, at the session of 1871, elect-
ed him clerk. In February, 1871, he was
chosen counsel for the Levy Court of Kent
county, and continued in this position until
January, 1879, when Governor John AV. Hall
appointed him secretary of .'^tate fur tiie term
ending January, 1883.

Upon the death of Chancellor Willard
Saulsbury, Mr. AVolcott was a[)pointcd by
Governor Reynolds on Hay 3, 1893, to suc-
ceed him, but in November, 1895, resigned in
order to devote himself to private praetice,
])articularly to the duties of counsel for the
Delaware Kailroad.

^[r. "Wolcott was a conspicuous figure in the
Democratic politics of Delaware. lie was the
head aiul front of what was called the "Wolcott
factidU of the party, wdiich was radically hos-
tile t«i the Saulsbury faction, the lines between
the two being very distinctly marked in Kent
count}'. In 1888 he entered the lists as an
avowed candidate for United States Senator
in opjjosition to the late Eli Saulsbury, whose
term was about to expire. After an exciting
and memorable primary canvass, ^Ir. AVolcott
carried a majority of the delegates to the Kent
county Democratic Convention, and by the
a)i|)lication of the tinit rule, this convention
nominated a complete AVolcott legislative
ticket, denying to the Saulsbury faction, iu op-
position to the custom which had jirevailcd up
to that time, the right to name candidates for
the hundreds carried Ijy that faction. This
caused an open revolt in the jtarty, and the
Iiei)ublicans elected their legislative ticket in
Kent county. They were successfid also iu
Sussex county, by i-eason of the factional di-
vision of the Democrats, and the result was a
Legislature with a Ki'jiublicau maioritv uu
joint ballot, which sent Anthony Iliggins to
A^'ashington as the first and only Ke-
pnblicaii United States Senator from
Delaware. !^^^. AVolcott's last public
appearance was as counsel for the
Democratic members of the Kent county
Board of Canvass, in the legal yirnceedings
growing out of the count of the \iitcs cast at

the last general eleetiiui in that county, lie
had been in ill health for over a year, but
there were no indicalinns of his atfecticui be-
coming critical, and his sudden death came as
a great surprise throughout the State.

As the Legislature was in session at the time
of Chancellor Wolcott's death, resolutions ni
regret and eoiulolence were pa.ssed by both
houses, and eulogistic remarks were made by
M'uators and mendiers, after which, as a fur-
ther mark of respect to the deceased, the Leg-
islature adjourned nntil Monday morning.
The funeral, which was hehl Saturday, April
L'd, was one of the largest ever seen in the
Slate, and was attended by all the prominent
men of Delaware.

Ex-Chancellor AVolc(jtt married a daughter
of the late Alexander Godwin, who survives
him, together with three sons, James L., who
has been inacticing law with his father: Alex-
ander G., and Josiali O. AVolcott, a student at
college.

SOMK of Tilt; Ol.DKST EaMILIES.

A large number of the residents of Dela-
ware are descended from old and distinguished
families, and of many of these old families
every link can bo traced in the chain of their
descent from the first offspring to the present.
A'incent, the historian, who wrote in 1870. has
thrown much light on the subject of ancestry.
From him we learn that amongst these early
and prominent settlers were Augustine Her-
man and Gouvert Loockermans (now written
Lockerman) whose descendants are numerous
and widely scattered.

]^raiiy of the most able and intelligent pub-
lic men of Delaware have been of Dutch de-
scent, either on the paternal or maternal siile.
Even after the contpiest of the State by the
English, for many years most of the principal
magistrates and other public officers were
Dutchmen. A'incent tells us that among the
numerous families who are in wdiole or in part
(lescendi'd from the Dutch patriandis, in many
cases mixed with nugueuot French, are the
Oldhams (on the mother's side), the A''an
Dykes, the A''andegrifts, the Eayards (on the
mother's side), the Alrich.s, the Stalls, the
A'andevers, the Uermans, the Comegys, the
A^angezels, the Jaquetts, the A'^an Zandts, the
A'ances, the Uyatts, the Cochrans, the Fon-
taines, tlii> LeCounts, the Tilackstoncs, tlio

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.1 I I' i '• . I ' M 'If

STATE OF DELAWARE

89

Kings, the Andersons, and others. Tliere
were also families of Van Dykes, Petersons,
and Andersons, who were Swedes.

Anionust those who derive their descent
from I lie Ihifiuenot refiijics are tlie l>ayards,
the liilvilles, the Bonehclls, the Dellaves,
and others. The Delaware Bayards are ile-
seended from Nicholas Ixiyard, who fled from
France to Holland, and married Anncke, a
sister of Peter Stnj^'csant. They had three
sons, Balthazar, Peter and Nicholas. IVtcr
left Xew York and came to Delaware with the
l.aliadists. In 1675 he rec(>ived a araut ut'
]-!omliay Hook Island. Fonr years afterwards
he jHircliased the rights of the Indian owner of
the island, for one gun and some other nnit-
ters. From this Baj'ard it is helieved the Bay-
ards (if Delaware are descended. They, like
many of the other patriarchal Dutch-TIugue-
not families, have well maintained their social
and political btanding. Many members of the
family have been distinguished for great tal-
ents. Tlave succeeding generations of them
have represented the State in the United
States Senate, viz: The celebrated James A.
P>ayard, who signed the treaty of Ghent; then
his sons, Uichard and James A., who sat there
at dirt'erent times, and Thomas F. Bayard, the
son of the second James A. Bayard, who rep-
resented the State in the Senate, having suc-
ceeded his brother in the Senate in ISCO; he
was re-elected fur a second term in lS7o, and
again in ISSl, served continuously until he
became Secretary of State, 'Mawh 4, 1885.
On the day on which he was elected to the
Senate for a full term his father was also re-
elected a Senator from Delaware to serve for
the unexpired part of his original term. This
IS the only case of a father and son being voted
for by the same legislature to fill the s'cnator-
ial oiUce. lie was a member of the electoral
commission of 1876-7, and a conspicuous up-
holder in Congress of Democratic doctrines
and States' rights, and was voted in national
convention as a candidate' for the presidency
in 1880 and again in 188-t. :\rr. rievcland
apnointed him Secretary of State in 1885.
And during the second term of Mr. Cleveland
^Ir. Bayard was appointed Ambassador to
England, retiring in 18117. Including his
great-grandfather tiovernor Basset t, lie is
the fifth member of his family who has oc-
<'npied a seat in the Fuited States Senale.

John Paul Jaquett, the second Dutch
guiernor of ])elaware, was also a French
Protestant, who had fied from France to Hol-
land to avoid religious persecution. Before
his arrival in Delaware, howe\er, he had re-
filled in Brazil. The Jaipietts lived on their
farm, inheriting it from Paul Ja<piett, the
first ancestor, until the time of the celebrated
Alaj. Peter Ja([uett, the last sur\iving olKcer
of the Iievolution belonging to Delaware. lie
was born on Long Hook farm, near New Cas-
tle, Aiii'il 0, 1754, son of Peter and Elizabeth
.laqiutt. ( ■onimissioned an I'usign in Capt.
Henry Darby's company. Colonel Haslet's
regiment of Delaware State; troops, in Con-
tinental si'rvice, Janaiary 17, 1770; Second
Lieutenant Colonel Hall's Delaware regiment.
Continental Establishment, Novendier 27,
177(5; Captain (in same regiment) April 5,
177 7, and served to close of war; brevetted
^Tajor, September 30, 1783; died on his farm
at Long Hook, September 13, 1^34, and was
buried in Old Swedes' churchyard, Wilniiui;-
ton. He was vice-president of the Delaware
State Society of the Cincinnati from 1795 to
its dissolution. His certificate of membership
in the society and his sword are now in the
possession of his grand-nephew, Samuel Price
Jaiiuett, Padnor, ]*a.

I'he land comprising the Jacpiett farm was
granted to Jaquett the immigrant soon after
the cajiture of Delaware by the Dutch. It is
n<iw called Long Hook. It is situated at the
end of the causeway on the road from AVil-
ming-ton to New Castle, about a mile from the
bridge at the foot of ]\Iarket street, Wilming-
ton. In lliOa the Labadists (Dankers and
Sluytcr) crossed the Christiana near to this
fai'in. They speak of it as follows: "We pro-
ceeiled thene.'e a small distance overland to a
]ilace where the fortress of Christina had stood,
which had been constructed and possessed by
till- Swedes, but taken by the Dutch Governor,
Stuyvesant, and afterwards demolished by the
Englisji. * * * We ^vero then taken over
the ( 'hristiana Creek in a canoe, and landed
at the spot where Stuyvesant threw up his bat-
tery to attack the fort, and compelled the
Swedes to surrender. At this spot there are
]\redlar trees (a fruit now extinct), which bear
good fruit, from which one Jaquett, who does
not ]i\e far from there, makes good brandy or
Fjiirits, which we tasted and found even better
than French brandy."

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90

BIOGUA PHICAL EXCYCLOPJ'JDIA

From Joliiiimes de Hayes arc dcsccuJed tlic
Janvier (New Castle) family on the female
tide. A portrait of that auee^tor was in ex-
istence fifty years ago, to which Kev. (ieorge
Foot refers, and says: "He was evidently,
as lijs costiinie shows, either a knight or a
military oiiicer of high rank." Jn 1G7G he
purchased of Joseph Chew a farm of four
■liuiidred acres, described in the Xew Castle
records as being near the old landing on the
Appo(piinimink Creek, for two pounds (jf to-
bacco, Dutch weight, lie was then a mer-
chant. He was afterwards a magistrate at
!Xew Castle, under both the Duke of York and
AVilliani Penn.

After the capture l)y the English of tlie ter-
ritory now constituting the State of Delaware,
D'llinoyossa and Xnn Sweringen, with a num-
ber of other citizens of Delaware removed to
!Maryhind. 'J'he evidence we have of this is
the settling of so many Dutch and (Sermans
in the neighborhood of the Sassafras and l!o-
hemia Ifivers, an<l near the town of St. Clary's.
They were, no doubt, broTight tiicre by the
influence of Augustine irerman. Among
those families who again settled in Delaware
Vincent is of the opinion that there were the
Comegys, the Coehrans, the Blaekstones, the
Le Count.s, the Kings, and possil)ly the Bou-
cliells. Several of them were naturalized by
Maryland law from ICGO to 1084; among
these were Peter Bayard, Arnoldus de la
(■range, AVilliam lilackenstein (Blackstoue),
Hans Hanson, Corneliiis Comegys, Ticrrett
\an Sweringen, besides Jaeobsmi, F.rricksou,
Peterson, and Le Count, whose Christian
names are not given.

In l(5b(j Augustine Herman petitioned the
[Maryland Legislature for the naturalizati(Mi
of himself and all his family, viz: Fphraim,
(Jeorgius, (lasparous, his sons, and Anna ^lar-
garetta, Judith, and Frani-ina, his daughters

1840, was undoubtedly a descendant of his,
as he bears the same Christian name. One of
his descendants, Joseph P. Comegys, son of
the e.\-govirnor, ri'prescnted the state in the
I'luted States Senate. The Labadists, Dankei's
and Slnyter, give the following account of
their visit to him in IGT'J. He is undoubtedly
the Cornelius Comegys we have before spoken
of as having been naturalized in ilaryland.
Jle ai»pears to have been a man of wealth,
owning several plantations, and emiiloying
several servants. Jle lived in ^Maryland near
the Sassafras Kiver. 'I'heysay: "We arrived
at Cornelius, the son of Comegys, and called
out to him, and he brought a canoe, which re-
lieved us, as it was clo.se on to evening. AVe
thanked the person who had brought us into
the canoe. Cornelius, who was an active
young num, was ])leased to meet Hollanders,
although he was born in this country. We
found 'Mr. Comegys on the next plantation,
who bade ns welcome; and after we had drank
some cider, accompanied us with one of his
company to Mv. Hosier's, who was a good,
geuerons-hearted man, better than any Eng-
lishnian we had met in this c(Uintry. He had
formerly had much business with ,Mr. ^loU,
luit their affairs in England running behind-
hand a little, they both came and settled down
here, and therefore ilr. Z\Ioll and he luul a
great regard for each other.

"My. Comegys was from Vienna and had a
Dutch woman for a wife, who had taught her
children to speak the Dutch languaue; they
therefore had a kind disposition towards Hol-
landers. After her deatli he married an Eng-
lish woman, and he had himself learned many
of the English nuixims, although it was against
liis feelings; for we were sensible that he dared
not work for tts with an open heart. He told
Tis that he woidd rather live at the Cape of
Ciood Hope than here. 'How is that,' said

The Stalls, now so numerous, were here as I, 'when there is such good land here?' 'True,'

early as 1048. The first of the family who is
mentioned in the annals of the state was
Abraham Stalls, surgeon and elder of the
church at Pensselaerswick, New York. He
was in 1051 driven from an island in the
Schuylkill by the Swedes and had his home
burnt by the Indians in Xew York.

The first of the Comegys came from Vienna.
He was undoubtedly the ancestor of the pres-
ent Comegys family. Cornelius P. Comegys,
who was Clovernor of the State from 1>.jG to

e replied, 'but if you knew the people here as
well as I do, you woid<l be able to understand
why.'"

.Vugustine Ilenmui hereafter ceases to take
])art in Delaware history, save in a grant of
land to the Labadists. Of all his children only
the issue of his son Gasparus are now alive.
From him are descended the Oldhams and the
Bouchells. James K. Oldham, who resided at
Christiana Bridge, was the only male descend-
ant Tiow residim:- in the State He is seventh

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STATE Oh DELAWARE

91

in (kseeiit from Augustine Ilornian. This is
one of the few families that eau be traced by
their descent witlieut a break in tiie line. It
runs thus:

(!as])arus Herman left issue, a son name<l
Ejiliraim Augustine Herman, wlio left a
dauijhter Catharine, who married Peter IJou-
ehell, a descendant on one side from IR'ndrick
Shiyfer, one of the founders of the Laba<lists.
\ man named Joseph luiser or Inser married
^larv, their daughter. They had one son,
who was killed while celebrating his twenty-
first birthday. He had given an entertain-
ment to some young men, and wliile they were
racing their horses for amusemint he was
thrown and killed.

Col. Edward Oldham, one of the .Maryland
line of the Kevolution, grandfather of J. Iv.
Oldham, nnirried ^lary, daughter of Joseph
and ]\fary (Boucliell) Enser. There are sev-
eral, both in Delaware and ilaryland descend-
ed in the female line from Colonel Oldham
and ^fary Enser. In 1G79 the Labadists visi-
ted Augustine Herman. They found him sick
and his family broken up by a termagant wifi',
who liad driven his children away, ihey say:

"He showed ns every kindness he could in
liis condition, as lie was very miserable, both
in soul and body. His plantation was going
much to decay, as well as his body, from want
of attention. There was not a Christian man,
as they term it, to serve liim- — nobody but ne-
groes. All this was increased by a miserable,
dmiblv miserable wife; but so miserable that 1
will not relate here. ^Vll his children have
been com]K'lled on her account to leave their
father's house. He spoke to us of his land, and
said he would never sell or liire it to English-
men, but would sell it to us cheap if \w were
inclined to buy."

At a second visit they described his wife
as the most artful and despicable creature that
can he found. They also called Herman "a
godless ])erson." "We must, liowever, receive
with great allowance the account of the Laba-
dists, who took ])ecidiar views of life.

Augustine Herman died a short time after
this, and was Iniried on the ]\ranor. His death
must have occurred about the last of Decem-
ber, IGOi), as on the 14th of December, after
they left him, while visiting his son Ephraim,
they were informed that he was very sick and
at the point of death, and that his dauiihter

^Margaret had gone there to attend upon him
in that condition.

The Bayards, who afterwards came into that
portion of the JManor on which was situated
the grave of Herman, took the tombstone for
a door for their family vault. The iiiscrii)ti(ni
on it is as follows: "Augustine Herman, lio-
hemian, the first founder and seater of Bo-
hemia ]Manor, Anno lllG!)." In this vaidt lie
buried the remains of Bichard Bassett, a for-
mer governor of Delaware, a nu'mber of the
convention that framed the ( 'oustitutiou of the
United States, and the father-in-law of the
first James A. Bayard.

A curious incident is related of Herman,
but no documentary evidence of its truthful-
ness is known to exist, although Lednum in his
"Bise of ]^lethodism in America," refers to
it. Bev. (ieorge Eoot, who died at Odessa in
]S(JS, mentions it also in a little book which
he published in 1842.

Ledmtm thus si)eaks of the affair: "It is said
that the Dutch had him a prisoner of war at
one time, under scMitence of death, in Xew
York. A short time before he was to be exe-
cuted, he feigned himself to be deranged in
mind, and reqtiested that his horse shoidd be
brought to him in the prison. The horse Avas
brought, finely cajjarisoned. Herman mount-
ed him, and seemed to be performing military
exercise, when on the first opj)ortiniity he
b(jlted tlirongh one of the large windows that
was some fifteen feet above ground, leajied
down, swam the Xorth Bi\er, ran his horse
through Xew Jer.si'y, and alighted on the bank
of the Delaware o|)])Osite Xew T'astle, and tlms
made his escape from death and tlii> Dutidi !
This daring feat, traditi(m says, he had trans-
ferred to eanva.s — himself represented as
standing by the side of his charger, from whose
nostrils the blood was flowing. It is said that
a co])y of this jiainting still exists. He never
suffered this horse to be used afterwards, and
Avlien he died had him buried, and honored his
grave with a tombstone."

Vincent, in his "History of Delaware," pub-
lished in 1S70 (]). 4(lil), says that he once saw
the ]>ainting. It was then in the possession of
James B. Oldham, and was as represented by
I.eclmun.

The old mansion house of llernnm was oc-
cu])iecl by (io\-ei-nor Bassett and soon after
his death in SeptiMuber, 1S15, it was burned

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92

BinURM'IIH'AL KXCYCLOPEDIA

down. Ledmuii further says: "-.M;my oKl val-
uaMc paintings were: consmiietl with this
huii^-c. One of its hirge halls \va3 lined witli
lluiii. ;Many of them had belonged to Angus-
tine lleniian, the foimder of Ijoheuiia
IManor. His likeness and that of his lady i)er-
ishcd; also the painting representing the flight
from the Dutch in New York hy means of his
famous war charger. * * * Herman was the
great man of the region; he had his deer park;
he rode in his coach, driven liy liveried ser-
vants."'

^Margaret, the daughter of Herman, is the
tir.-t Delaware young lady of whom history
records a description. The Labadists met her
just before she left her brother Ephraim's to
attend the death bed of her father. They
said: "'She showed us much kindness. She
was a little volatile, but of sweet and good
disposition." Again speaking of her they
said: ''She possesses a good disposition, al-
though a little wild, according to the nature
of the country. She complained that she was
like a wild and desolate vine trained up in a
wild and desolate country; that she had always
felt an inclination to know more of God
quietly, and to serve him. She treated us with
great affection, and received thankfully aud
acceptably what we said to her."

The C'oehrans, now so numerous and influ-
ential, it is alleged, are descendt'd from Derick
Kolchman, now changed to Cocdiran, who was
utu- iif thiise concerned in founding the I.aba-
<list CI ill my.

'J"he Alrichs, one of whom (Lucas Alrichs,
of Xcw Castle Hundred) liolds the land on
which he lives from his first ancestor, have
frum the time of the first governor of that
name (1057) been numerous and influential.
Their blood flows in the veins of large niuu-
b.ers of the most respectable citizens of T)ela-
ware and other States; for like most old Dela-
Avare families, their descendants are scattered
over most of the states of the Union.

Of the Delaware Knickerbocker families
none, it is believed, have so complete a claim
•of descent as the offspring of the celebrated
Convert Loockermans,the sturdy leader of the
citizens of Xew Amsterdam, and colleague of
Augustine Hernian. From him the Lock-
ormans of Dover are descended. One of his
descendants still occtipies the family mansion
at Dover, M-hich was built in 1742, by "jSTich-
olas Loockermans. The line of descent, ^how-

ing the number of generations, link by link,
that has existed in the State since its fir.-,t set-
tlement, is given briefly as follows:

Cjouvert Toockermans, the progenitor of
the Loockermans, came from llulland to Xew
^Vmsterdam with Wouter N'an Twiller, the Di-
rector-General or Governor of jS^ew Nether-
lands, in the caravel St. Martin or Hope, com-
manded by Juriaen IJlanck, in the month of
April, ]();j:i, iu the service of the West India
Company. At the time of his arrival he was
aged about seventeen years. He married
^laria Jan?en, daughter of Eoelf .Tansen and
his wife Annetje or Annccke Jans, who after
the death of her husband, married the IJev.
Everhardus Ijo^ardus, and was by that mar-
riage brother-in-law of Oloff Stevenson Van
Courtlandt, wlios(! son founded the Van Court-
landt ]\ranor in the State of New York; also
of Jacob Van Couwenhoven, sometimes writ-
ten Covenhoven. He filled some of the high-
est civil and military offices in New Amster-
dam. He was dispatched by Stuyvesant with
Jan Davitz in ]\Liy, 1GG4, across the Green
]\Iountains to arrange peace with the Mohawk
Hidians. At Warrington he concluded a
treaty with them. About the same period he
commanded a small armed vessel. He drove
the English from a fort they had erected up
the Hudson IJiver; also at the head of an
armed force he surprised and utterly extir-
pated a tribe of hostile Indians on Staten Is-
land, who had greatly annoyed and injured
the settlers in New Amsterdam. It is said
that the memory of this indiscriminate
slaughter of this tribe of Indians, although
a])proved by the popular sentiment of his day,
occasioned him much disquietude of consci-
ence, after his retirement from active life, iu
his last hours. He was dispatched at one
])eriod of his life, at the head of an armed
force, to expel the Swedes and English, who
had encroached on territory claimed by the
Dutch on the Delaware Kiver near the pres-
ent city of I'hiladelphia.

Convert Loockermans was also a successful
merchant and i>olitician. He headed the
]K)pular party of New Amsterdam, known as
the ''Country iiarty," and resisted the dicta-
torial assumjition of Stuyvesant, the hard-
htaded leader of the C(nu-t or administration
jiartv, by wresting from him for the ])eople
the right of reiiresentation in the council
called the "Scdinepens,"' of which he was a

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STATE OF DELAWAUE

93

lULiuber in 1UJ7 and IGUl. This bridled the
picruyativc claiint-d by ytnyvciant, and made
the guvernment of tliu Alanimttans in u na-as-
ui'f I'L-publii'an. Loockcrnuais was tiiruu tinica
banisiiL'd by Stuyvcsant, antl was as ufteu ru-
caiicd on account of his public scrvicus. Tlie
feud between IStuyvesant and him was subse-
ijiientty ternduated by tiio niarriage of his
granddaughter with tiie jirandson of Stiiyvc-
sant. After a career of honored usefulness,
Ciouvert i.oockernians died in IGTU, reputed
the richest individual iu JS^orth America, lie
was worth 520, QUO Dutch guilders, an im-
mense sum for the period in which he lived.
His public influence and position devolved
after his decease on his son-indaw, Jacob Leis-
ler, who became by a civil revolutiun the first
governor of the people of the colony of Xew
Amsterdam.

Gomert Loockermans left five children,
viz: I'd.^ie, Cornelis, Jacob, Johannes, and
ilaritje. I'dsie married Cornells 1'. \'an-der-
Veen. Their children were: Cornelius, Timo-
thy and ]\largaret. She next married Jacob
Leislcr, who subsequently acted so pronunent
a part in the early colonial history of New
York.

Alaritje, second daughter of (Jouvert
Lockermans, married Balthazar Bayard, step-
son to (Jovcrnor Stuyvesant, and of this mar-
riage was horn: (1) Anna Maria, who married
Augustus Jay, grandfather of Governor Jay;
('!) Arietta, wdio married Samuel \'erplanck;
(3) Jacobus, who married Ilellegonda De
Kay; (4) Judith, who married Gerardus Stuy-
vesant, grandson of the last Dutch governor,
Peter Stuyvesant.

Joannes or Januetje Loockermans was the
sccoml wife of Surgeon Hans Kicrsted, and
her children were Areantje, Cornelis, Jaco-
lius, and ifaritje.

Cornelis, tlie eldest son, died, it is believed,
childless, in early life. Jacob, the second son
of (Jouvert Loockermans and Maria, his wife,
was horn in 1(350, in New Amsterdam. Tie
w.is a regular graduated physician and prac-
ticed his ]irofession; but he became a planter
in ]f5S2. On the 2!)th of January, 1077, he
married Helena Ketin. Being involved in the
political troidJes, which culminated in the
overthrow of his brotlirr-indaw, Jacob Leis-
ler, who was deposed and bro\ight to the scaf-
fnlil liv the royal governor of William Til of
Entjland, about the year lOSl, he emi-rate.l

to Laston, J\laryland, where he became a plan-
ter. He was a man uf wealth, and left a great
deal of real estate in the city of New York
undisposed of. He died August 17, IToO,
lea\ ing a son, Nicholas Loockermans, who was
born November 10, 1(JU7. He married Sally
Emerson, daughter of \'ineent luiierr-un, of
the (Jrange near l)o\er, in 1721. lie tiled
-March I), 17Liil, aged over seventy-one 3'ears.
His tondistone remains at the Grange to this
day._^

\ incent Loockermans, only child of the
abo\e named Nicholas Loockermans, \vas born
at the Grange before mentioned, in 1722. He
married as his second wife Elizabeth Pryor,
daughter of John Pryor, merchant, of Dover,
in Eebruary, 17?-f. By his first wife Susan-
nidi, he had one child, Vincent Loockermans,
the younger. \iy his second wife, Elizabeth
Pryor, he had twu children, viz:_ Elizabeth
and Nicholas. Vincent Loockermans, the
elder, sat iu the Legislature. He was a promi-
nent A\'liig during the Pevolution. He died
at his residence, in Dover, August 20, 17S5,
in his sixty-third year, leaving a large landed
estate in and around Dover.

Nicholas, son of Vincent and Elizabeth
(Pryor) ]-oockermans, was born Novendjer
27, 1783. He sat in the Legislature, and died
]\rarch 20, 1850. He was never married.

Elizabeth I-oockernians, the only daughter
of Vincent and Elizabeth (Pryor) Loocker-
mans, was born December 23, 1779. She mar-
ried Thomas Bradford, LL. T)., of the city of
Philadelidiia, eouusellor-at-law, ]\ray 8, 1S05.
She died in Philadelphia April 12, 1S42, her
husband s\irvived her, and five children: T.
Vincent Loockermans; II. Elizabeth Loocker-
mans; III. Benjamin Push; TV. "William;
V. Thomas Budd.

^^incent Loock(>rmans Bradford, eldest sur-
viving child <if Thomas and Elizabeth
(Loockermans) Bradford, was born Septem-
ber 21, 180S. He adopted the legal profes-
sion and was admitted to practice in Philadel-
jihia, in April, 1829. He removed to the
State of ^richigan in 1835, and was elected in
1S37 to the State Senate. He resumed the
jiractice of his profession in Philadeljdiia in
1843, and wa^ elected president of the Phila-
delphia and Trenton Piu'lroad Comnany in
1859, being snbsc([nent]v re-elected until
1871. inclusive. He married, July 21, 1S31,
Juliet S. Lav, (binL'hter of Emanuel Pay,

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BlOaitA Fine. I L ENCYCLOPEDL 1

Ksq., planter of the Island of St. JIartin, West
IikHcs.

Elizabeth Loockornians 15radford, eldest
daughter of Thomas and Kli/.alieth (i.ooeker-
nians) i>railfi)i'd, niai-ried the Rev. William
T. Dwight, ]). I)., of Portland, iTaine, son of
Timothy Dwiulit, D. 1)., the distinguished
. ]>resident of Yale College. She died in 1SG3.
Her husband died in 1805. She left surviv-
ing four children, the Rev. Henry E. Dwight,
^1. 1).; Thomas Bradford Dwight, counsellor-
atdaw, of Philadelphia; Elizabeth Bradford
Dw ight, and ilary W. Dwight.

Ik-njamin Bush Bradford, of Xew Brigh-
ton, Beaver county, I'ennsylvania, son of
Thomas and Elizabeth (Loockermans) Brad-
ford, married in ISGO ilargaret Campbell, of
Butler county, Pennsylvania. They have
four children, viz: Juliet S., Thomas, Eleanor
C., and William C.

William Bradford, of Philadelphia, son of
Idiomas and iLlizabeth (Loockermans) Brad-
ford, was born in 1815.

Thomas Budd Bi-adford, son of Thomas
and Elizabeth (Loockermans") 15radford, was
born in ISIG. He was a minister of the gos-
])cl, and resided for a long time in the ances-
tral mansion of the loockermans at Dover,
which has sheltered those of his blood for more
than a century. He farmed as proprietor
much of the old Loockermans land contiguous
to Dover. By his first wife he had no issue.
He married as his second wife ^liss Lucy H.
Porter, daughter of Dr. Robert B. Porter, an
esteemed and influential citizen of Wilming-
ton, granddaugliter of the Hon. Willard Hall,
District Judge of the United States District
Court of Delaware, and great-granddaughter
of Chancellor Killen, of Delaware. His issue
by this last nnirnage was four sons and one
daughter. He died at Dover, :^^arch 2.">,
1S71.

A granddaughter of Vincent Loockermans,
the elder, by his first marriage — being a
daughter of Vincent Loockermans, the
younger — Elizabeth Loockermans, married
Thomas Davy, of Philadelphia. She and her
husband both died years ago, leaving an only
child, :\rary S. Davy. Another grandchild of
"\'incent Loockermans, the elder, by his first
marriage, and daughter of Vincent Loocker-
mans, the younger, married the Hon. Nicho-
las Ci. "Williamson, for many vears ]io<tiiiaster
and mayor of Wilmington, by whom ■.!:,• had

issue: (1) ]\Iary Ann, married W\. Corry
Chambers; {i) Harriet, nuirried Hon. Wil-
iiam 1). Baker; (3) Sallie E., married Hon.
Horn B. Kneass; (4) Kvelina, married Coiirt-
landt Howell, Es(|.; (5 and 0) Hehua and
I'^lba, married Leonard Phlcgor, Esq.

Although the fanuly for a century past
have signed themselves and been called
"Lockerman," the true spelling of the name
originally, as derived from the early records
of the family, is "Loockermans."

It will be seen by this history of the de-
scendants of Convert Loockermans how the
blood of the Knickerbocker patriarchs is
niingled and scattered over all the states, how
the families nniintain their position, and that
seven generations of the descendants of the
_ loockermans and eight of the Hermans— for
some of the last named descendants of both
families have living children — have existed
since the first settlement of Delaware.

AViLLiAM Shipley.

William Shipley was born in Leicestershire,
England, in 1U1)3. His wife was .Mary Ann,
daughter of Robert and Ann Tatnall, from'
whom are descended all the families of the
Tatnalls, the Leaks, the Canbys, the Ship-
leys, and Prices, in the neighborhood of the
Brandy wine :\Iills; and all the Richardsons
and Latimei-s, near Mill Creek.

William Shijiley and family embarked at
Bristol, in England, in the spiing of 17i'5, on
board a ship bound for Philadelphia. The
vessel was crowded with passengers, having
more than eighty persons on board, several of
whom afterwards became conspicuous and
valuable citizens of Wilmington. Among
these may be mentioned Edward Tatnall,
father of Joseph Tatnall; Elizabeth Canbv,'
who was the mother of the late William arid
Samuel Canby, and afterwards, by a second
marriage, of AVilliam Poole; Thomas Ship-
ley, who was the father of Joseph Shiplev,
of Brandywine .Mills, and Sarah Xewlin, wife
of Cyrus Xewlin; and Jane Elwall. after-
wards Jane Pearson, who lived to a great age.
In the same .ship cnme William Taylor. He
settled at Darby, and made the first Smith's
bellows ever manufactured in Pennsylvania.
Also George AVarner, who lived to the great
age of ninety-nine years, and retained his men-
tal faculties to his death, which took jdace in

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STATE OF DELAWAnE

95

1810. AUv Thomas Tatnall, who settled be-
tween Darby and Chester, and from whom are
descended tlie ivnowles and yhulleruss fami-
lies.

The ship arrived at Philadelphia in the
month of Jnly, after a passage of two months.
iJuring the voyage the smallpox appeared on
board, and several of the passengers died.
This eli'emnstance so alarmed the inhaliitants
of I'hiladeljihia that they assembled in crowds
iind ordered the ship to lea\'e the plaex;. She
drojiped down the river and anchored oif the
Swedes' Church, near which the passengers
laniled and were kindly received by a jjcrson
named ]3arnes, who conducted them through
a dense forest to a house near South street,
called "the lilue House Tavern." After the
passengers had recovered from the smallpo.x,
and their quarantine had expired, they were
permitted to enter the town.

Xuvy soon after his arrival, AVilliam Ship-
ley purchased a tract of land in Ridley town-
ship, about ten or twelve miles southwest of
Philadelphia, and there settled with his fam-
ily. In the early part of 1727 his wife died,
after a short illness. In about two years he
married Elizabeth Levis, daughter of Samuel
Levis, of Chester county. She was a distin-
guished minister in the Society of Friends,
and in nniny resjiects a very extraordinary
woman.

The settlement of ilr. Shipley at Wilming-
ton was the result of a dream of his wife's. In
this dream she saw a beautiful place, whicli
made so dee]i an impression on her mind that,
when traveling through the country, she ini-
mi'diately recognized the spot and decided
that they should settle there. ]\Ir. Shipk'V
yielded to her wishes, and they soon after
took np their residence in what is now Wil-
mington. He purchased several lots, pro-
ceeded to make improvements, and prospered.

In 174.'3, Elizabeth Shipley, in company
with Esther White, another distinguished
minister of the Society of Friends, residing in
AVilmiiigton, made a journey to IMorth Caro-
lina on a religious mission, from whence they
sailed fur luigland, and traveled over Creat
Britain and Ireland. They returned in 1745.
She was at that time considered on of the
greatest ministers of her profession on the con-
tinent uf .\merica. She lived to see Wibning-
ton grow to be the largest town in the State

of Delaware, and de])arted this life in thu
fall of 1777, at the advanced age of eighty-
seven years, having retained the full posses-
sion of her mental faculties to the end of her
days. \\'hen the battle of ijrandywine was
fought and lost, and I'hiladelphia was in the
hands of the enemy, she was on her death bed.
Some of her friends called to see her and con-
dole with her on the distressed condition of
the country. Kequesting to be propped np
in bed, she addressed the company in rela-
tion to tlie existing state of public offairs, and
closed with these im|)ressive words: "But I
have seen, in the light of the Lord, that the
invader of our land should be driven back;
for the arm that is mighty to save and aids
to deliver from the hands of the oppressor, is
stretched forth for the deliverance of this na-
ti<ni, which, I am firm in the faith, will secure
its independence."

Her sublime words made a deep inii)ression
on those sitting by her bedside, and became a
subject of interesting conversation among her
friends in the neighborhood. The solemnity
of the occasion, the character of the speaker,
and the circumstances under which the address
was made, greatly increased the interest it was
otherwise well calculated to excite. It was a
voice from the bf>rders of the gi-ave, uttered
by one who had long been considered an ex-
traordinary person, and who was now just en-
tering the poi'tal of an eternal state. The ]n'e-
diction, as we all know, was fulfilled to the
letter.

In 17;'5 'Mv. Shijiley built a large three-
story brick house at what is now the southwest
corner of Fourth and Shipley streets, Wil-
nnngtoji. In this house he lived until his
death in 17CS, at the age of seventy-six.

William Shipley had issue by his first wife,
^Tary Ann Tatnall, Thomas, .\nn. and Eliza-
lieth, as follows:

I. Thomas, b. 171S, in l'',nglan<l, came to
this country with his jiarents, settled with
them in Wilmington, and afterwards pur-
chased part of the water power of the Brandv-
wine, which became a source of wealth to him-
self and family. He married ^lary ]\rarriott,
and they had nine children. Those who grew
to adult age were:

i. William, b. 1740; d. 1810.

ii. ^larv, (]\Irs. Phineas Buckley), liorn
I7r)0; died in Xew York in 1795.

I -.AA \'

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96

BIOGRAnilCAL ENCYl'LorKDlA

iii. Josepli, b. 1752; d. 1S;}2; luamed
ilary Levis, of Spriiigtield, Delaware cuuiity,
I'a.; iuLeriteJ the large mill piupeity on ihe
liraiulywiiie, was siu'cesst'ul in Luaiiieis and
left au lioiioialde name. His wife survived
liini eleven years, dying in 1S43. 'I'liey Lad
i^j^iie:

1. Sanuicl, born in 1777, married Eliza-
beth, daughter of Oajit. James Jetferis. lie
engiiged in the milling busiue-s with his father
until his health failed and he died in ISl 1,
leaving two ehildren, Thomas and Sarah, y.
Mary, (Mrs. John Dixon), of AVilmington,
died in lS-44. 3. Thomas, born in 1780, en-
gaged in the shipping business in I'hiladcb
phia, and was remarkably suecessful; was
prostrated with sunstroke while visiting in the
south of France, and died soon afterwards, at
the early age of thirty-two. 4. John, born in
1782, was for many years engaged in the mill-
ing business, and died in 18G3. 5. Rebecca.
Ci. Anna. 7. Elizabeth. 8. Sarah. 9. iMar-
garet. 10. Joseph, born December 4, 17iJ5;
entered the counting house of Samuel Canby,
in Philadelphia, at the age of eighteen; went
to England in 1819, and became a member
of the great banking house of P>rown, Ship-
ley & Co. Their business became extensive
and the reputation of the house was wide-
spread. His business venture yielded him a
fortune. Thirty years after he went abroad
he returned to £)claware, his native state, and
purchased a fine property in lirandywine
Hundred, where he erected a beautiful resi-
dence, and called the place "Rock wood."
Here he resided until his death, which oc-
curred on the 9th of ilay, 18G7, in the seven-
ty-second year of his age. His remains were
interred in the Friends' burying ground in
"Wilmington. Referring to his honorable
career as a business man and citizen, a writer
observes: "ITe passed from earth at a ripe
age. his life being one of honor and usefulness,
and we doubt whether the soil of Delaware
covers the remains of a more trusty merchant,
a more worthy citizen or a better iiuui than
Josejjh Shipley." 11. Hannah was the
youngest of the eleven children of Jose])h and
"Miiry (Levis) Shipley.

iv. Sarah, b. 17.">."); married T'vrus Xew-
lin, of Wilmington, and dieil in l""'!!, leaving
two children, ^Nfary and Thomas.

V. Ann, b. in 1756; married Juhn Joned,
and died in 18U8, leaving two children, (Jyrus
and Lydia.

vi. Anna, b. 17llU; married William
Liyriies, ami died in 1>U6, leaving une sun,
Thomas.

II. Anna, b. circa 1720.

III. Elizabeth, \>. eirea 1723. In 1744 she
mariied Oliver, son of Thomas Canby. He
was engaged in the milling business, and died
in 1754. William, the eldest of their five
children, in 1774, nuiiried Martha, daughter
of Thomas and Sarah Marriott, of Bristol, Fa.
'Jhey settled in Wilmington the same year.
She died in 1820, and he survived her until
1S30, when he died at the age of eighty-two.

Samuel Canby, second son of Oliver and
Elizabeth (Shipley) Canby, was born in ^Vii-
mington in 1751. His father died when he
was three years old. He learne<l the
business of a carpenter and cabinet
maker with Ziba Ferris. When his
term of service expired in 1771, he
removed to Brandywine and engaged in the
milling business. In 1775 he married Frances
Lea, daughter of James and iLirgaret Lea,
of W^ilmington, and removed to the house
formerly owned by his father on the banks
of the Brandywine. Later in life he built a
large residence at the corner of Fourteenth
and ^larket streets, in which his son, James,
afterwards lived. In this mansion he lived
forty -one years, until 1S32, when he died at
the age of eighty-one years.

James Canb}', sou of Samuel Canby, was
born January 30, 1781, and for most of his
adult life continued the flour mills owned by
his father. He was one of the originators of
the Philadelphia, AVilmington and Baltimore
Railroad and became the first president of the
company. He died May 24, 1858.

]\rerrit Canby, son of "William Canby, was
born in Wilmington, N'ovember 19, 1783.
From 1815 to 1S3G, he was engaged in the
sugar refining business in Philadelphia. In
183G he removed to Wilmington and was con-
nected with various financial institution-; an<l
other coi-porations until his death, Docember
10, ISGG.

It may be said of AVilliam Shii)lev. the
immigrant, that he was the founder of the
floui'ishing coinnu'rcial city f>f W^iliuingtou,

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STATE OF Dh'LAWAL'E

99

with its seventy thousaml inhabitants. AVhcn
lie eanie liere bofore ITof), it was a small town
of ]t■:^s ilian tliii'ty-tliree houses. l>iit
tlir()ii,i;ii the enterprise of !Mr. Shipley the
town began to grow rapidly. The llret mar-
ket house in AVilmington was built by him in
the spring of IT.'JG, at his own expense, aii<l on
his own, land. The first meeting of the
1 "riends was held in his one-story brick house,
and later meetings in his new house, until the
tirst me(ting-linuse was oonijjleted in the fall
of 17."5S. The name of .Mr. Shipley is perpet-
uated by a street, and Tatnall street represents
tiie maiden name of his first wife.

ifoNj, Caesar Kodnkv.

Caesar Eodney, the first of the Congres-
sional delegation from Delaware, was a native
of that State, and was born about the year
17-")0. His place of birth was Hover. The
family from which he descended was of an-
cient date, and is honorably sijoken of in the
history of early times. We read of Sir Wal-
ter Do Iiodeny, of Sir George De Ifodeny,
and Sir Henry De Itodeny, with several others
<.if the same name, even earlier than the year
lL';St. Sir Ivichard De Kodeuy accompanied
the gallant liichard Coeur de Lion in his cru-
sade to the Holy Land, where he fell while
fighting at the siege of Acre.

In subsequent years the wealth and power
of the family continued to be great. Inter-
marriages took place between some of the
members of it and several illustrious and noble
families of England. During the civil w^ars,
about the time of the Commonwealth, those
families became considerably reduced, and
their members were obliged to seek their for-
tunes in new employments, and in distant
countries. Soon after the settlement of Penn-
syh'aiiia by William Penn, William Rodney,
one of the descendants of this illustrious fam-
ily, removed to that province and after a short
residence in Philadelphia, settled in Kent
county, Delaware. This gentleman died in
170S, leaving a cousiderabli! fortune and
eight children, the eldest of whom,is the sub-
ject of this sketch, llr. Rodney inherited
from his father a large landeil estate, which
was entailed upon him according to the usages
of distinguished families at that day. Such
6

was his pojuilarity that at the early age of
twenty -eight years he was ajjpointed high
shei'itf of Kent county, and on tlie expiration
of his term of service was created a justice of
the }H'ai-e and a judge of the lower luurls. In
ITtii', and perhai)s at a still earlier date, he
re])resented the county of Kent in tlie provin-
cial legislature. In this station he entered
with great zeal and activity into the ])romi-
nent measures of the day. In tlie year 17G5
the first general Congress was a^-embled at
Xew York to consult upon the mea-ures to be
adopted in conseipiencc of the Stamp Act and
other op]iressivc procedures of the British
(!o\ernment. ^h: Rodney, ]\fr. IMcKean, and
Mv. Kollock were unaninionsly appointed by
the Provincial Assembly of Delaware to rep-
resent that jirovince in this Congre-s. For
tlie faithful 'and judicious discharge of the
trust reposed in them the Assembly unani-
mously tendered its thanks and voted them a
liberal comj^ensation.

Souii after this Mr. Rodney, in consequence
of ill health, was obliged to reliiniuish his pub-
lic duties and seek medical advice. -V can-
cerous affection had some time previously
nnule its appearance on his nose and was fast
spreading itself over one side of his face.
Fortunately the skill of the physician afforded
him relief and he returned home greatly en-
couraged.

^fr. Rodney was a member of the Congress
of 1774, having for his colleagues Thomas
^fcKcan and George Read. On the meeting
of this Congress September 5, 1774, ilr. Rod-
ney appeared and took his seat. lie was ap-
pointed on several important committees, ex-
hibited gTcat fidelity in the discharge of his
duties, and as a reward ior his services, re-
ceived the thanks of the Provincial Assembly,
together with a re-appointment to the same
high station the following year. He was also
ap])ointed to the office of brigadier general
in the province. At the time that the import-
ant question of independence came before
Congress, IMi*. Rodney was absent on a tour
in the southern ])art of Delaware, lia\'ing for
his object to quiet the discontent which ])re-
vailed in that section of the country, and to
prejiare the minds of the people for a change
of government. On the question of independ-
ence his colleagues, who were at this time in
attendance n]i<]U Congress, were divided.

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100

BIOai!APl[[CAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Aware of the importance of a luianiiuous vote
of the states iu favor of a declaration of in-
dependence, and acquainted witli the views of
!Mr. liodney, ^Ir. .McKcan di.spatclicd a spe-
cial niebsenger to summon him lu lie present
in his seat when the trying (picstion should
come hefore the body. With great eti'ort -Mr.
Kodney reached i^iiiladelphia just iu time to
give his vote and thus to secure entire unani-
mity in passing what was termed by the loy-
alists, "'that act of treason."

In the autumn of 1770 a convention was
called in Delaware for the purpose of framing
a new Constitution, and of appointing ilele-
gates to the succeeding (/ongre^s. Jn this
convention there was a majority opposed to
]\ir. Ivodney, who was recalled from Congress
and sujierseded by another person. Such in-
gratitude on the part of the people was not
conmion during the Revolutionary struggle.
In the j^i'e^ent instance the removal of this
gentleman was principally attributable to the
friends of the English Government, who were
(piite numerous, especially in the lower coun-
ties, and who contrived to enlist the prejudices
of some true republicans in accompli-.hing
their object.

Although thus removed from Congress,
!^^r. Rodney still continued a memlier of the
Council of Safety and of the conunittee of iu-
s])ection, in both of which otlices he emjiloyed
himself with great diligence, especially in col-
lecting sujijdies for the troo})s of the State,
which were at that time with Washington.
In 1777 he repaired in person to the cam)) near
Princeton, where he remained for nearly two
months in the most aetivc and laborious >vy-
vices.

In the autumn of 1777, ^Ir. Rodney was
again appointed as a delegate to Congre-s
from Delaware, but before taking his seat he
was elected President of the State. (See
sketches of the governors.) This was an f»f-
fice of great responsibility, demanding energy
and promptness, especially as the legislat)\re
of the state was tardy in its movements, and
the loyalists not nnfref|uently excited
troublesome insurrections. ^Ir. Rodney con-
tinued in the otHce of President of the State
for about three years. During this |)eriod he
had frequent communications from Washing-
ton in relation to the distressed condition of
the armv. In everv emertiencv he was reailv

to assist to the e.xtent of iiis pcjwcr; and by
his energy and inlluence he .succeeded in af-
fording the most prompt and eliicinit aiil.
The honorable course which he jmrsued, his
tirm and yet liberal conduct in cin-umstanci's
the most ditiicult ami trying, greatly endeared
him to the peoi)le of Delaware, wlio univer-
sally expressed their regret when, iu the year
1782, he felt obliged, on account of the ardu-
ous nature of his duties, auil the delicate state
of his health, to decline a re-election.

Shortly after retiring from the [irt-siileney
of the State of Delaware, he was elc'cted to
Congress, but it does not appear that he e\'er
after took his seat in that body. The cancer
which had for years atliicted him, and which
for a long time previou>ly had so spread over
his face as to oblige him to wear a green silk
screen to conceal its ill ajJiiearance, now in-
creased its ravages, and on tjie :-'ttth of June,
1784, he died, in the fifty-fifth year of his
age. His death caused much sorrow among
the people, lie was noted for high integrity,
purity of character and patriotism. In 1889,
more than a hundred years after his death, a
handsome uHmnment was dedicated to his
memory and his name is still held in grateful
renu-ndiranee by the people of Delaware.

AVarnkk !Mifft.ix.

AVarner .MitHin, who settled in Delaware
mauv years before the Revolutionary war, was
in some resj)ects a unique character, lie Avas
born in A<-comac county, Virginia, October
L'l, 174.'), son of Daniel Mifflin, a planter and
>liare owner, and ilied near Camden, Dela-
ware, October IU, 17i»S, lacking but five days
of being tifty'*three years of age. Early in
life he became iud)ued with the lielief that
slavery was an e\il, and devoted much thought
to the question. Raised a Friend, he a.lhered
to the customs and jiractices of the Society,
and was a firm believer in its doctrines. The
vear wlien he became a resident of Delaware
is unknown. His father, it appears, canu- with
him from \'irginia, and imrchased land. At
that time he must have been quite a young
man. He was the only Friend within sixty
miles of his plantation and had a long distance
to travel when attending the yearly meetings
of the Societv.

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STATE OF DHLAWMIE

101

He was appointed a jiistiee of tlie peace
Lv tlie Diiki' tpf Yoi'k June 10, ITTU, wliicli
shows that he must have arrived from \'ir-
giiiia before tliat time. Tlie records bhdW
that lie was assessed in ITSJ in North and
Suutli ^liirderkill liundreds. Dauiol and
AVaiki-r -MiiHin were assessed at tlu' sanic tinir.
'Idie fcjrnicr was tlie father of Wanirr, and
the hittt-r was ids In'otlier.

Althongli Warner ^litHin took so great an
intcre-t in tlie welfare of tlic slaves, and was
one (if the \ery earliest of Al)ulitionists, he
iicranie a sla\e owner. Some wore hrouglit
to him liy his tirst wife, who was a ^larylander,
and uthi i> wt-re given to him by las father,
lint the belief that it was wrong to hold slaves
grew stronger iu his mind from year to year,
and, finally, in 1774, he gave them their lib-
erty by executing a curious paper whicdi has
been jireserved. His e.xample was followed
by other Friends, and the records show the
voliuitarv emancipation of G15 slaves by their
o\vn(rs fioni 1774 to 1792, AVarner ilitHin
opciang the list with twenty-one of his own.
The document is entitled a "Record of ]\rann-
missions by the ^Iend)ers of Duck Creek
^Monthly [Meeting and some other Friends."
A co])y of one of these records will serve as n
illustration of the habit of tlionght of those
Friends in carrying out their convictions of
duty, and is well worthy of preservation 'u
this connection as a remarkable historical
document. It is as follows:

I, \Yarner Mifflin, of Kent county, in Delaware,
merchant, fully persuaded in my conscience that it
is a sin of a deep dye to make slaves of my fellow
creatures to continue them in slavery, and believ-
\ng it to be impossible to obtain that peace my soul
desires, wliile my hands are bound full of injustice,
as by my unjustly detaining in bondage those that
have as just and equitable riglit to their freedom
and liberty of their persons as myself. Therefore,
for remedying the same I do hereby declai'e all the
negroes I have, hereafter particularly named, ab-
foUitely free, them and their posterity forever,
from me, ray heirs, executors, administrators and
every one of them, to wit : Hannah, an antient
n'g:o woman; Ezekiel, a man about twenty-five
years of age : Beniah, a negro man about twenty-
seven years of age ; Paul, a negro man about
twenty years of age ; Nanny, a negro woman about
thii'ty years of age, and her girl, Hannah, about
fourteen years of age ; Daniel her negro boy. about
ten years of age ; her girl, Jenny, about live years
of age ; girl Nanny, about three yeai-s of ago ;" boy,
Abram, about ten months old ; negro Grace, a
woman about twenty-seven years of age, her girl,
Betty, about thirteen years of age: Henny, her
girl, about eleven years of age ; her bo^', Richard,
about seven years and nine months old ; girl, Re-
becca, about three years old ; hereby impowering

them and each of tliem with full and fiee liberty to
commence suit in law against me, my heirs, execu-
tors, administrators ur any of us thai may attempt
to intlu'al, iuibondage or deprive them of their lib-
erty in any respect by coloror pretence of right de-
rived from mo ; and I do hereby convey to them and
each of tliem all the right, powci' and authority I
have hei'otofoi'e had to coiiuuenee an action against
any person that had heretofore got one of tlum out
of my jjossession, and refused the delivery back
again; each one to stand in the place for )iim or
herself that I have bad to stand foi- them in behalf
of my own interest in llje same case, when tliey
shall be entitled to recover all such costs as they
may be at in prosecuting the suit fi-om sueli of us
as may attempt as aforesaid. And I do hereby.aiso
lay it as a charge on the consciences of the court or
jury before whom it may be brought that they par-
ticularly adhere to this evidence in behalf of the
aforesaid negroes. But believing it to be my duty
to take upon myself the power and authoiity of the
young ones to raise and educate them till they ar-
rive ;to lawful age, I therefore resiM've that pre-
rogative over the male till they arrive al twenty-
one years of ago, and the female till they arrive to
eighteen years of age, which 1 do hereby direct to
be determined by the ages of each as particularly
mentioned as aforesaid, calling them tiie very age
this day that they are said to be about such an age.
And whereas a negro man named Solomon just
came to me (upward of foi'ty years of age) being left
by my grandmother, Mai'y Mifflin, to serve which
of her grandchildren he jdeased, and by letter just
received from my father, Daniel Mifflin, one of the
executors in bei will named, informing me he (the
said Solomon) made choice of me. 1 do also there-
fore hei-eby declare said negro *Sol(jmon absolutely
free fr^im me and my heirs forever ; and do entitle
him to all and every the privileges of the others
on an attemjit to deprive him as aforesaid. And
whereas I have heretof(jre manumitted and set free
my negro man James, woman Mariah and her chil-
di-en, Lydia and Nanny, and also negro girl .Melissa,
which manumission or clearance I deposited in the
keejjing of the Monthly Meeting of the people called
Quakers of Duck Creek, in this county, which I ap-
prehend will be admitted to recoi-d by direction of
said meeting, together with this. Now my desire
is that this being produced, or a copy hereof certi-
fied by the clerk for the time being to sud meeting,
or in case there should be no monthly meetin"- of
and for Duck Creek, a certified copy from the clerk
of the Quarterly Meeting of said people called
Quakers, to which Duck Creek Monthly Meeting
lust belonged, certifying that such i-ecord ajT-
peared, shall be adjudged taken and as accepted as
full as I can enforce it, as if^ was personally pres-

*Marginal note in handwriting of Recorder War-
ner Miftlin— The i-eason of my grandmother's not
freeing this negro herself was that she was in-
formed she could not do it because of the laws of
Virginia, where she lived, it being a concern to her
for several years, but I believe was somewhat re-
lieved with the prospect she had that it would be
accomplished by her descendants ; she, therefore,
mentioned none of them in her will e.xcept two
men. allowing them to make choice of such of her
grandchildren they pleased, this one choosing me
and the other my biother Daniel, W(>re both imme-
diately set to their liberty, and likewise a woman
and children before set at liberty in Maryland
confirmed by will since all are freed bv mv father
Daniel Mifflin.

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102

BIOGRAPHICAL EXCYCLOrEDIA

ent and acknowledged the whole thereof. And
such I desire thul may have anythinjj of the kind
before them that they lucy i)aiticuliirly attend to
and distribute justices impartially to the poor ne-
groes and not wrest the meaning hereof (the con-
sequeneu be to them that do ollierways) my inten-
tion being to clear them from slavery to me, my
heirs or assigns forever, believing fi-eedom to bo
their natural and just right. To whieli I do here-
unto set ray liaiid aud atlix my seal tliis Ninth Day
of the First Month in '.he year of our IjOrd one
thousand, seven hundred and seventy-live (1775).
WAKNKK MIFFLIN.

Sealed and acknowledged in (n-esenee of us, Jo-
seph Jenkins and Edward Cole.

Kecord examined, Warnei' MitUin.

In the execution of this remarkable docn-
inent some interesting iiieidents are reported
to have occurred. For instance, it is stated
that wlien one of his bes„ slaves appeared Le-
ft re him he said: "Well, my friend daiue.^,
liow old art thou?'' ''I am twenty-nine and a
half years, master." "Thou shoiiklst have
been free," said Warner, "as thy white breth-
ren are, at twenty-one. IJeligion and human-
ity enjoin me this day to give thee thy liberty;
and justice requires me to pay thee for eight
years and a half service, at the rate of ninety-
one pounds, twelve shillings and six pence
owing to thee; but thou art young and
healthy; thou hadst better work for thy liv-
ing; my intention is to give thee a bond for it,
bearing interest at seven and a half per cent.
Thou hast now no master but Ood and the
laws."

Daniel !Mifflin, his father, who appears to
have been living at this time, also followed
the great humanitarian act of tis son by manu-
niitting his slaves. Warner ^lifflin was much
encouraged in his work by the language of tli^
preamble to the Declaration of Independence,
although, like most of the Friends of that time,
he was opposed to war and favored peace.

Eut the humane project which he had in
view, that of universal freedom, was deemed
impracticable at that time, and only those of
his immediate acquaintance followed his il-
lustrious example.

On the day of the battle of Oermantown
he was attending the yearly meeting of the
Friends at Philadelphia, and the room in
which they were assembled was darkened by
the smoke of the battle. At this meeting the
Friends renewed their testimony against thf
spirit of war, and chose "N(ifflin to visit Clen-
erals Tlowe and Washington and remonstrate
with them against the carrying on hostilities.
To perform this hazardous duty Friend Mitllin

had to walk in blood and among the dead
bodies of those that had fallen. Hut hid cour-
age was undaunted, and he set out on his
perilous mission, believing it to be a sacred
and religious duty to plead for an armistice,
in the hope that it would lead to peace.

An interesting account of his experience
on his visit to Cjeneral Jlowe is furnished in a
translation from the French of the account
which Hector St. John Ue Creve-Coeur gave
of this episode in his "Letters of an American
Planter." Creve-Coeur was a I'lvnchman,
who had married the daughter of an Americaii
merchant, and had become a farmer, and his
book in j)raise of this country had a consiilera-
ble circulation in its time. Creve-Coeiu- tells
how .Mitilin, when he arrived at the British
outposts, was seized and taken before the otfi-
cer in command. "Who are you, and where
are you goiug^" cried the guard. ".\ry nama
is AVarner ]\Iitiiin, and I am going to Philadel-
j)hia," was the calm reply. The nami- of the
Quaker Cieneral 'J'hoinas ^fitttin was not uit-.
familiar to the officer, and he became 5us]n-
eious. "Mitilin! IMitHin!" he exclaimed. "Tt
appears to me that there i- a cer-
tain Captain Thomas ilifflin, win) says
he is a so-called general in the rebel
army; is he not a relation of youis^""
"Yes, my friend, he is my first cousin," said
Warner. "Is it possible that that is a crime?"
Then the ofHcer opened the vials of his wrath,
exidainiing: "How do j'ou dare to call me
your friend, you arrant rebel? Soldiers, lead
this hypocrite to the guard house, until we
take him before the provost, when he will be-
hanged in his turn. You \\'ill see there a great
number of rebels, who, under the guise of the
simplicity and humility of the Quakers, have
tried to sneak into the British lines to act as
spies. Soldiers, take this man to the guard
house; he argues too much. Put the mana-
cles on him; do you understand? They will,,
without dotibt, be the iirst pair of 'sleeve
cuffs' monsieur the Quaker has ever worn."

The unfortunate peacemaker was kept in
jail for several days. lie was theit taken be-
fore General Howe. The British conunander,
six feet high, sometimes compared, like Corn-
wallis, to Washington in his jiersomil appear-
ance, and with the manners of a gentleman,
allliDUgh po])ularly regarded as a monster of
profligacy in the eyes of patriots of severe

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I 7 , n ■ , I

STATE OF DELAWARE

103

auorals, st-fiiis to have received liim gently, if
iiut iilhibly. The general was not aeciistonied,
howi-VLT, to eallers coming into his nresence
with their hats on. lie observed with some
surprise tiiat .Mitliiu had not dotted his iiat,
but jirocecded merely, to ask if his name was
Wanier ^littlin. "Yes, friend William Jlowc,
that is uiy name." ^Vt tliis point of tlie inter-
view an' aide-de-camp, who was doubtless as-
tonished at the visitor's want of politeness to
the general and his failure to api)rceiate the
general'? greatness, approached »he (^)iiaker,
pulled his hat from his head, and rebuked
him for daring to remain covered. ^Mittlin
o.xplained that he was only complying with
the custom of his sect. Then Howe, in turn,
rebuked the aide for his presumption, au<l
assured the (Quaker that it was a matter of in-
ditt'crenee to him whether the hat was worn
or not, and that all he wanted was a clear and
exact answer to his questions. According to
thi' translation, Warner ?aid:

"T am a ]ilanter in Tvent county; I am sent
by the A"(iuMy of the Quaker Church of
the three lower counties."

"Ah! the jilanters and their Quaker Clmreh
choose an unfortunate time, Lecausc I tind
myself obliged to be their enemy. What does
the assembly desire of me? "What do you your-
self want with me?"

Warner rejdies: "As you are an English-
man, it is possible that you know that the So-
<'iety iif Friends has nothing to do with war,
<ir with eiintentions, either ]iublic or )irivate;
<lis)iiites are to us forbidden by Holy Writ,
which enjoins us to consider all men as our
brothers: but while recommending to us fra-
ternity and jieace, it commands us to do all in
o\n- ]iower to prevent and hinder evil. Our
hrethren in the three counties, meeting in our
'Assenddy for the SuflFering,' have believed
that ]ierhaps it would he possible to bring
about an interview hctwcen thee and our
friend, (!corge Washington, and hy this in-
ter\iew a suspension of hostilities might b(>
brought about, at least during the winter, and
that such su<]iension might bring about a good
understanding and restoration to peace. Per-
sua(le(l that this is a sound and (lious idea
through obedience to the ins))iration of tho
S])irit, from whence come all our good
thouiihts, as well as the good that we-«cconi-
])li-;h, they have deputized me to communicate;

with thee. AVhat does thee think of it, friend
Jlowe^"

iiei'ore the interview was at an end Howe
was so interested in the (Quaker that he wanted
him to dine at the headquarters; declared that
^MitHin's scheme did honor to idm and his sect,
but pointed out that his position was somewhat
ditterent from Washington's, as the Ameiicau
general could at once obtain his instructions
from Congress, while he would need to wait
several months to secure the consent of the
Jung. He expressed his willingiu'ss to agree
to a short suspension of hostilities if he could
meet \Vashington. The general and his viaitor
then sat down at table, and iJitilin was asked
whether it was true that he had set free all his
?laves. Jle replied in the atlirmati\e, and
added:

"J only did what it was my duty to do."

"They also tell me that you gave the wool
of ti\'e hundred sheep to those who had lost
theirs by the English troops."

"Seeing that all men are brothers, why do
not those ^vho are well otf divide tlieir
wealth with those that the war has ruined?
There is more true joy in doing well than 's
thought."

"lly what chance did you save your sheep?"

"l!y means of an island (Chlncoteague) that
I own; I concealed them in the woods on this
island, when your brother, Admiral Howe,
went up the river with his fleet."

"I esteem you highly, Mr. i^Iilflin, and these
two generous actions would render me your
friend for all my life if we were neighbors,
and at peace. I wish to Ood that all the
Americans were like you."

He was permitted to depart from within
the ]>ritish lines, when he made his way to the
American camp, and finally succeeded in
reaching General Washiugtou. Tie told him
])lainly that he was opposed to "all changes of
government which occasion war and blood-
shed," anci he was received with respect and
comi)linu^nted on the goodness of his inten-
tions. "Washington, while more taciturn and
less affable than Howe, seems to have treated
his fellow Virginian with deference. But the
])i'0]iosition of the Friends was regarded as im-
])racticable, and he returned to his abode, Vie-
ginidng soon afterward what became the great
work of his life, the emancipation of the ne-
"roes. He had that clear, strong intellect

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104

Bioan. 1 I'll ICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

wliioh we ufteii tiiiJ among (Quakers
ill following principles and cnvictions to tlieir
logical conclusion, as well as the most exact
sense of justice.

At this time AlilHin was oiily thirty-two
years old, but his mind was of a matured cast,
jicrfi'ctly s(df-possessed and feeling that ho
was I'ngaged in a high and holy mission, he
knew no fear. And although many of the
Iriends had to go through a season of,resent-
nient after the -nevolutioii, Warner ^lifflin,
who had been more conspicuous than any other
in an individual effort to bring the war to
a (dose on the basis that all war is wrong, seems
to have been regarded witli the highest respeec
to the end of his career, as a man of exemplary
worth.

After AVashington was inaugurated as
President at New York, ]\Iittlin visited him,
and ill the course of the interview, the Presi-
dent, recollecting the assertion, when he visi-
ted him during the war, "that I am op])osed
to the Pevoliition and to all changes ui gov-
ernment which occasion war and liloodshed,"
asked him to tell on wdiat principle he was op-
posed to the Pevobition. "Yes, friend Wash-
ington," he re])lied, "upon the principle that
I should be opposed to a (duuige in the present
government. All that was gained by revolu-
tion is not an adequate coin|)ensation for the
poor mangled soldiers, for the loss of life or
limb." To which Washington replied: ''I
kno\< your sentiments; there is more in that
than mankind have generally considered."

As illustrative of the philanthropic charac-
ter of ifitHin, Brissot, in his examination of
the "Travels of Chastellux in America" says:
"I was sick and Warner MitHin came to me.
It is he that first freed all his slaves; it is he
who without a ])assport, traversed the British
army and spoke to General Tlowe with so
much firmness and dignity; it is he who, fear-
ing not the effects of the general hatred against
the Quakers, went, at the risk of being treated
as a s])y, to present himself to Cieneral Wash-
ington, to justify their conduct to him; it is ho
who amid the fm-ies of w^ar, e()ually a friend
to the Prench, the English, and the Amen-
can~, t'arricd succur to those who were snlVei'-
ing. "Well! this angel of peace came to me."
Warner Alifflin devoted much time to trav-
eling and lecturing. Tlis theme was the eman-
cipation of the slaves. Tie laid piiition^ to

this efiect before legi^laturea and Congress,
j)iiblished pamphlets in advocacy of his
scheme, and never grew weary in inculcating
the great peace doctrines and humanitarian
principles w Inch he had espoused in his youtii.
llii was a first cousin of (ieneral Thomas
Alilllin of the Revolution, and afterwards gov-
ernor of Pennsyhania, and probably the only
one of the connection that favored the jjcace
doctrines of the Society of Priends, excepting
his own immediate fanuly. The circumstances
surrounding his death were peculiarly sad. In
the autumn of iT'.is he was about to visit
Philadelphia to attend the yearly meeting of
of the Society of Priends. Yellow. fever was
then raging in that city, but he believed it
was his duty to attend the meeting, and if
his services were required to aid in looking
after the sick and dying, he was ready to per-
form that dnty also. Before setting out on his
journey he executed his will (see Will Book
X, p. 224, Dover) in which he speaks of the
])estilence then i>re\ailing, but believing that
it was the will of (iod that he should go, he
set his house in order by making jirovision
for his family and disposing of his large es-
tate, so that in case he should fall, his life woi-k
would be properly ended.

After attending the meeting and witnessing
the horrors of the pestilence he returned tu
his home in Delaware; but the seeds of the ter-
rible disease were implanted in his system, and
he sickened and tlied of yellow fever, as
stated above, on the IGth of October, IT'.iS.

Warner ]\fifiliii was twice married. His
first wife was Elizabeth, daughter of the cele-
brated lawyer Kcnsey Johns, of [Maryland,
wdio afterwards settled at New Castle, became
a L^nited States Senator, and chief justice of
Delaware in L79S. lie was succeeded on the
bench by his son, Iven.sey Johns, Jr., in 1S.'52,
who served for twenty-five years. The will
of AVarner ]Mifflin shows that the issue by his
fii'st marriage was as follows:

I. AVarner]\rifllin, Jr.;IL Elizabeth (Mrs.

Cowgill); IIP Anne (.Mrs. Pa-in);

lA^ Su.samiah; A^ Sarah.

AVhen ^Mrs. Elizabeth ]Miffiin died is nn-
known, but she evidently died young, for, on
the nth of October, 17S8, he 'married Anne
Muden, of Philadelphia. She was born (See
Hist, of the 'MifHin Paniilv, p. 4R) in ITOr.,
and di.'d in IMiihidrlpliia,' Afarch 22, 1M.1.

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STATE OF ])l']L.\]V.\in<J

U)5

liy the riecoml marriage tliere appear tu have
l^een two sons, »SaiiiiU'l aiiJ Leimieh J'he hit-
ter was a postliuiaous ehild, for refereiiee to
tliat effect id made to hiiu in the will. Jle
•lied ^\iigiLst '.), lS-!4. Dc-ieciulaiits u{ Warner
-Mitiliii still live in Delaware.

(iKNFit.vr. Jons Dagwoktiiv.

Aiiioug the distinguished Kevolutiouary
heroes who ended their days in Delaware was
• iin. .Iiilin J)agworthy. The date and plaee
ot' his birtii are unknown. We tii-st hear of
liiin in Xew Jersey, at 1" ronton, in 17o2. lie
was a man of some note at that time for Ciov-
ernor ^1 orris says he was high sheriff of the
eonnty in wiiieli he lived. In King (iedrge's
M'ar in 174."), lie commanded a company in a
Xew Jersey regiment sent to operate against
the Kreneh in Canada. In course of time he
rec(i\i'd a royal commission as captain from
England, and in IToo was in command of two
Companies of rangers organized for the jiro-
tcction of the border settlements of ^\\>steru
^laryland in the French and Indian War.

AVliile in this service a dispute occurred
between ('ai)taiu Dagworthy and Lieutenant
Colonel (ieorge Washington regarding rank.
Captain Dagworthy cdaimed that inasnuich as
he held a royal eouunission, he outranked
Washington, who was a Colonial ofheer, com-
missioned by the Governor of Virginia. The
dis])utc, whicii lasted a long time, and was
tlie cause of much friction between the two
otHcers, was finally settled by Eraddock in fa-
vor <if Dagworthy. After Rraddock's dt'ath
the contest was revived and kejjt nj) for some
time, or until Washington made a journey to
Boston and laid the matter before CJeneral
Shirley, who upon investigation, in ]\rarch,
175(1, definitely settled the relative rank of
the dirt'erent claimants by sustaining Wash-
ington, and Dagworthy was redu<'(Ml to the
raid< of a Provincial captain.

Ca]itain Dagworthy jircn-ed himself a brave
and \'alnable ofiieer and sa\v much liard ser-
vice on the frontier. lie was jiresent at the
fall of Fort Duquesne as an officer of the
!^[al■vland troo])S, and was the first to bring the
news of the reduction of that stronghold to
Baltimore.

The capture of this fort filled the colonies

witii joy. (iovernor Sharp, by proclanuition,
a))pointed a day for puidic thanksgiving and
prai^e; and the Assemldy, to testify its grati-
tude to the brave Alaryhuul soldiers who had
taken part in the action, a[)propriated £1,.5(J0
to be distributed as a gratuity among them,
in the apportionment thirty pounds fell to i^t.
Col. Dagworthy; to I'adi cajitain, sixteen
|>ounds; ti> each lieutenant, twehc poimds; to
each ensign, nine pounds; to each non-eoui-
missioned officer, six pounds; the remaindi;r
\o be expended in the purchase of clothing and
suitable necessaries, to be divided among the
privates. Afterwards, as a further testimonial
to Dagworthy for his services, the Assembly
of .Maryland gave him patents for a tract of
land in what was tlu-n W(.ircc,-ter county,
.Maryland, lying at the head of Pe])iier's
Creek, whicli was later, by the surveys of the
boun<lary line between ]\laryland and Dela-
ware in 1707, found to be in Dt'laware.

In 177-1, all of these tracts were rer,urveyed
to him under Penn and called ''Dagworthy'a
Conquest." They contained, in the aggregate
twenty tliousand three hundred and ninety-
three acres. This was a magnificent domain,
and testifies to the esteem in which Col. Dag-
worthy was held by the peo])le.

I'"rom the exhaustive |iapcr on the history
and i)ublic services (jf Colon<d Dagworthy^
contributed to the lli-torical Society of Dela-
ware by Dr. (ieorge W. .Maishall, of :\Iilford,
in 189;"), it appears that he must have settleil
on his land soon after it \\'as assigned him, for
on the L'lth of Oi-tolier, 177-1-, he was connnis-
sioned by .John Penn as a justice for Sussex
county. Afterwards, Jolm "McKinly, Presi-
dent and Commander-in-Chief of the Dela-
ware State, connnis>ioned him as a justice in
the county of Sussex, dated Wilmington,
:\rarch S, 1777.

In consc(|uenc(> of'the territory acquired
from Maryland by Delaware, a law was en-
acted in 1774 that the justice should ascertain
the boundaries of the several ancient liun-
dreds, and commissioners Cof whom John Dag-
worthy was one) were a])poiTited to si'lect free-
men to eon<lnct elections for in^iiectors and
assessors.

Dagworthy was apjioinfed on<' of the Com-
mittee of Safety in Sussex eonnty for the >n'i-
)iression of the Torv insuri'cction. and in the
"Alinutes of Council" for Afarch, 177"^, ho

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is referred to as "lirigadier Dagworthy." Tlie
following resolution was adopted hy CouiK-il,
.March :iO, 1778:

\\'uei;eas, The Couneil is fully eonviuceU
that some of the disutleeted iuhabitanu u( the
county of Sussex have takeu up arm?, uiueh to
the terror of the good people of said counlv
and to the eucourageuieut of the British
forces to land and make incursions tiierc;
therefore,

llcsulicd, That it is the opinion of this
Council, that, for restoring peace and liai'-
moiiy in said county, the i'rcsident of the
State issue his oi-ders immediately to (ieueral
Dagworthy, to disarm and take the ammuni-
tion from all the disaffected inhabitants of tho
(-ounty of Sussex.

That he was actively employed in the cause
of the Colonies there is abundant evidence
Ou October 9, 1770, Samuel Patterson wrote
from Perth Amboy to General liead. "George
Parvi^, our acting quartermaster, was adjutant
in Suasex to General Dagworthy's battalion.''
lu ilay a lot of ammunition and other nui-
nitions of war belonging to ^laryland arrived
in Indian River, and were taken in charge by
Colonel Dagworthy and sent to Cliarlestown,
^Maryland, by land. In 1777, Thomas ^le-
Ivcan wrote, "We made a promotion in tho
militia by making Dagworthy brigadier."

Dr. ^Marshall, his biographer, says that
General Dagworthy built a capacious one-
story luiuse upon his lands in Dag.sboi-ougli
hundred, Sussex county, which hundred and
town were named after him. Here, sur-
rounded by his family and a retinue of slaves,
he dispensed a liberal hospitality to his many
friends and admirers. lie was honored aiul
respected as a bold patriot and an earnest,
lionest citizen, solicitioiis for the best interest
of his State and the community in which he
lived, and where he largely <levclo])cd tlie
varied iiultistries of tlie county.

General Dagworthy died in the early ])art
of 17S4, as his will was probated ^fay j;4th
of that year. He made ample provision for his
wife ^lartha, and for his sisters, Elizabeth
Clayton, Sarah De ITart, and ^rary; and for
his nejihews, James Mitchell, 'William Clay-
ton ^litchell, Xathaniel ]\[itcholl, and George
[Mitchell; and for his niece, Abigail Bell. P)nt
he left no lawful issue. To his ward, Eliza-
beth Dan"\vortliv Avdclott, wlujui ho educated

under the care of his sister Mary living at
Trenton, he gave liberally. She was highly
eilucat(Hl and was a line Latin and Greek
scholar. She married William Hill AVells,
\\ho was burn in J'ciinsylvania about J7UU
and died at ^Millsboro, Delaware, ilarch
11, 18i"J. He became the owner of the Dag-
^^orthy estate. A lawyer by profession, he be-
came pronunent, and was recognized as a
representative man. lie was choacn to tho
United States Senate to lill the unexpired term
of Joshua Clayton, deceased, and seiwed from
February 4, K'Jti, till .May 0, 1S04, when he
re.->igned. On the rcsignatiuii of James A.
iiayard, he was again elected, holding his seat
from June 10, IMS, to ^March 3, 1S17. He
left four sons and a daughter: I. Dagworthy;
II. Henry; III. Edward; IV. Alfred and V.
JJachel (Mrs. William D. Waples). Mrs.
W'aples bought the estate and resided there.
The sons of AVilliam Hill Wells all studied
law and were adnutted to practice, but, with
the exception of Alfred, the youngest, did
not follow the jirofession for any length of
time. Alfred Wells went to Ithaca, N. Y.,
and was engaged in legal practice until his
death, serving as judge of the county and
member of Congress. Henry Wells was sec-
retary of the state imder Governor Haslet.
Edward AVells was Hcglster of the Court of
Chancery for several years, resided in George-
to^\^^, and finally settled in Wa^liington, where
he died.

Thk Eeiuus Fa.mii.v.

of

Benjamin Ferris, of Wilmington, came o
an old and honoreil ancestry. In Cope'
(Jenealogy of the Sharplcss family a very
fidl record may be found. Samuel Ferris,
grandfather of J3enjandn, came from lieati-
ing, near London, and settled at Groton, ]\Ias-
sachusetts. He married Sarah Beed, whoso
father came from Awley in the southern part
of England. They first settled in Fairfield,
Connecticut, and afterward removed to ISTew
!Milford, being one of the first twelve families
settled there. The children of Samuel and
Sarah (Beed) Ferris were: I. Joseph; IT. De-
borah; TIT. David; TV. Sarah; V. Benjamin;
VL Hannah; VTT. .Tohn; VIIL Zachariah.
The parents were of the Presbyterian faith,
but several of the children became Friends.

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STATE OF DELAWABE

107

UaviJ Ferris, born at Stratford, Couuecti-
cut, Maroli 10, 1707, removed to Philadelphia
ill 1733, became a Friend, ami in 1735 mar-
ried ^fary iMassey. In 1737 he settled in Wil-
mingtuii, Delaware, where ho died December
5, 17711, having been a minister about twenty-
four years. J lis brother Zachariah came to
A\'ilmington and was received into mcmber-
sliip by Friends December 2, 173'J. lie was
soon afterwards recommended as a minister,
labored faithfully, and died January G, 1803,
aged eighty-tive years, one montii and twenty-
four days.

John Ferris, of New IMilford, born in 1710,
was married ]\Iarch 15, 1738, to Abigail
Tryoii, of Xew Fairfield, and they had issue:
I. Deborah, bom December 7, 1738; 11. Abi-
gail, twin with Deborah; III. Nathan, born
June 7, 1740; IV. Rosamond, born October
7, 1741; V. Ziba, born June 13, 1743; VI.
]\lattliew, ijorn January 14, 1745; VII. Eliza-
beth, bom December 7, 1746.

^Vith these children they removed to Wil-
mington in 1748, bringing certificates from
the ^Monthly ]\reeting "held at the Oblong in
^■e county of Dutchess and Province of New
York, ye'21sl of ye 2nd mo. 1748." Of John
it was said he had a gift for the ministry. He
died of small-])ox in 1750. Zebulon Ferris,
jierhajis a iiei>liew, produced a certificate from
Xine Partners, New York, dated ilarch 17,
1750.

We are informed by Savage, in his Genea-
logical Dictionary, that Zechariah (Samuel?)
Ferris, of Oliarlestown, 1C75, had children:
T. Zechariah, baptized February C, 107(5; II.
Sarah, November 12, 1G78; ITT.' Hannah, July
18, IGSfl. The name was written "Fcrriss"
bv the second, third and fourth generations.

Ziba IVrris, born at New ililford in 1743,
married Edith Sharpless, who was born in
]\riddletown, October 30, 1742, and died in
"Wilmington, February 8, 1815. Tier mar-
riage took place January 12, 17G9, at ]\lid(lle-
town Aleetiiig. Tier husband died in Wilming-
ton, Delaware, April 24, 1704. They had
issue: T. Phcbe, b. 11 mo. 20, 17G9; d.'s mo.
20, 1770; IT. ^fary, 1). 3 nio. IG, 1771; d. 9
mo. 9, 1773; TIT. Deborah (]\[rs. Joseph
P.ringhurst), b. 3 mo. 2, 1773; d. 8 mo. 20,
1844; TV. John, b. 10 mo. 12, 1775; d. 11 mo.
1, 1S02; 111. Sarah Harlan; V. Edith C^lrs.
Caleb Tlarlan"),!,. 4 mo. IS, 1778; d. 4 mo. -d,

1827; \i. Penjamin, b. 8 mo. 7, 1780; d. 11
iin). 'J, 18G7; m. Fanny Canby and Hannah
(iibboiis; Vll. Ziba, b.'l mo. 25, 178G; d. 10
mo. 14, 1875; m. Eliza iMegear.

Editii Ferris was the daughter of Pen-
jamiii and Editli Sharpless, of .Middletown,
Chester county, Pennsylvania. Slie is repre-
sented as being a beautiful woman, but unaf-
fectedly modest, social in her disposition, and
jiossessing an unusual flow of spirits, but
noted for her fortitude, and a clear, sound
•understanding. She early became prominent
in the .Meeting and for nearly eighteen
years tilled the station of overseer to the satis-
faction of her friends. In 1704 she was left a
widow; and in 1802 .she lost her eldest son.
P>y tlies(! removals she was deprived of the two
main pillars of her earthly hopes, but she
struggled to bear these heavy atilictions with
true Christian patience and resignation. She
died as already stated in February, 1815. ^

John, eldest son, and fourth child of Ziba
and Edith (Sharpless) Ferris, was born Oc-
tober 12, 1775, and died November 1, l.'S02.
He married in 1800 at Stanton :\reeting, ] Dela-
ware, Sarah Harlan, who was born August
7, 1780, at ]\Iill Town, Delaware, and died
April 17, 1869, in Wilmington. She was a
daughter of Caleb and Ann (Jackson) Harlan,
of "Mill Town.

I'iie fruit of this marriage was one son,
John, born September 21, 1801, and died
September 2, 1882, unmarried. His father
died at the early age of twenty-seven of yel-
low fever. In 1802, when this scourge pre-
vailed in Wilmington, John T'erris was ap-
pointed one of the Poard of Health, which
station he filled with diligence and strict at-
tention to the necessities of the sufferers,
without for a inouient thinking of his own
danger. Ho was finally seized with the fever
aiublied November 1, ?802. His death caused
mueli sorrow, as he was a man who stood high
in the community and commaniled great re-
spe.'t. The Poard of Health paid a high
tribute to his memory in a series of resolutions
which wore nnaniuiously passed and spread
upon the minutes. The record of his services
by the T3oard says: "As soon as the di.sease
appeared, * * * and consigned eighty-two
victims to their graves, he commenced his
anluous .=erviees; and during it-; continuance
did not for a single day, intermit his attention

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to the sick, the dying, and tlie dead. 'I'lic
iirst inentioued he was in the uoustaut i)raeticu
of viisiting twice a day. lie took upon hini<elf
tlie care of tlie funerals of tlic deceased.
AVlien, after liaving performed a scriou.s tour'
of duty, a duty enjoined hy Ids coninuscratiou
for the distressed, and an.xiety for their relief,
he fell a victim, a late sacrifice to his exertions
for the hapi)iness of othei-s, and left on the
hearts of his fellow citizens a grateful remeui-
Lrancc of his labors and his \irtucs."

Edith, fourth daughter and fifth child of
Ziha and Edith (Sharplcss) Ferris, was lioru
A\)v\\ IS, 1778, and died at .Mill Town, April
2U, 1S27. On the 2;Jd of December, lM);i,
she married, at AVihuington ^Meeting, Caleb
Harlan. He was born near Doe Run, Chester
county, Pennsylvania, December ;'.(», 1770,
and died at Mill 'J'own, August S, 1840. Both
are buried at Stanton Meeting. Caleb llarlau
learned the milling business under his father,
but it did not agree with his health, and he
turned his attention to storekepiug at .Mill
Town. He ako owned land but did not farm
it himself. They had issue (surname Har-
lan) I. John Ferris, b. Feb. 23, 1805; d. Xo-
vember 5, 1823; l\. Ann J., b. Aug. 11, 1808:

d. ; HI. Edith, b. July 19, 1812; d. De-.

31, 1885; IV. Mary A., b.' Aug. 31, 1813; d.

Ijenjamin, second son and sixth child of
Ziba and Edith ('Shar])lcss) Ferris, was born
August 7, 1780, in AVihuington, and died
there Xovember 0, 18G7. He nuirried, first,
on the 17th of ^fay, 1804, at Wilmington,
Fannie Canby. She was born Xovend)er 11,
1778, in Brandywine, Delaware, and died in
"Wilmington August 3, 1833. He nuu-ricd,
second, October 15, 1835, Hannah Cibbuns.
She was born in Lampeter, Lancaster co\mfy,
Pennsylvania, January 19, 1793, and died in
"Wilmington ]\ray 3, 1800; daughter of Abra-
ham and ^fary (Canby) (Jibbons. Children
all by first wife: T.' William, b. Fob. 13,
1805; d. in infancy; TT. I'.dward, b. Julv 24,
1809; d. Aug. 31,' 1810; TIL Anna, b. Xov.
27, 1811; d. Sept. 29, 1814; TV. Deborah, b.

July 22, 1813; d. , unm; V. Anna ^\., b.

June 11, 1815; d. , unm; VT. Benjamin,

b. April 2, 1817; d. Oct. 29, 1831 ; VTL ^^ar-

tha, b. June 20, 1819; d. , unm; VFTL

David, b. July It!, 1821; m. Sarah Uuder-

wood; TX. AVilli:i

b. Dec. II, !•

:\lary Wctherald; X. Edward, b. Dec. 20,
lM'5; m. Catharine Lehnnin Ashuiead.

Henjamin Ferris, father of the above fam-
ily, was a nian of remarkably vigoi-ous intcl-
K'l-t and lii> pi'H Was f're<[uenlly empl<j}ed
to disseminate his ideas, or t<i prescrxe a record
of iuteresling local facts. He was the author
ef ".V History of the Original Scttlemenis
(■n tlic' Delaware," imduding a history of \\'il-
mington, published in 1840. It was the fii-ht
publication of the kind, and a work of much
merit and historic value. Copies are now very
scarce and hard to secure.

As early a^ l>21-22, under the noin Je
liliiijir of '■.\micu^," he (•ugagt'ci in a religious
c<inirov(4>y with Kev. Dr. Cilbert ("Paul"),
in a >erie< of letters pidJished in the Cltris-
liiin Ui'iiiisitdrij. These were afterwards pub-
li.-.hcd in a volume of over five hundred pages,
with the title, '"Letters of Paul an<l .Vmicus."
^Ir. Ferris in early life went to I'liiladclphia
and learned the trade of watchuuiking with
tlu' celebrated Thonuis I'arker. Keturuing
to AVilmingfon he adojifed the profession of a
conveyancer, from which he retire(l with a
competency to enjoy his literary labors.

On the announcement of his death in 1807,
at the mature age of seventy-six, the Fnnids'
IiilcUiijoii-er paid a handsonu» tribute to his
memory, .\mong other things it saiil: "His
woniK-rfid conversational jiower^ adapti'd
tlieni>el\c:^ with remarkable versatility
to all ages and capacities; and all who
knew him can recall llie many time- in which
they have seen him in the centre of an admir-
ing and listening group, while he p(jured
forth the stories of his abounding trea>ury
for their interest and instruction. He was a
connecting link between the present genera-
tion and the past, his retentive memory and
jiower (if reiB'csentation enabling him, from
an inexhaustible fund of anecdote and illus-
tration, to give life-like pictures of the charac-
ter and manners of those who have passed
away."

Ziba, third soil and seventh child of Ziba
and l^dith (Sharpless) Ferris, was born Jan-
uary 25, 1780, at the corner of Third and
Slupley streets, Wihnington, and died at Cliff-
ton, near Wilmington, October 14, 1875. He
married X"ovember 14, 1810, at Wibnington
"Nrcefing, F'liza !>regear. She was born in
;Marvhnhl, December 12, 17'.i7, and died at

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STATE OF DELAWARE 109

Clilituii, .May 4, 16S0, daughter of Aiicliael i. I'auny, b. Jlarfonl ooiiuty, .MarylaiKl,

aii.l riiebc (^Pugli) -Mrguar, of Wiluiiiigtuii. [Maivli 20, lb-Hi; n\. in Wihuiiigtou June 11,

Thev liaJ is.sue: ISOS, ( 'liarles llalluwcU. Tiiey reside in

].' William .Megear, b. Kov. 21., IblT; d. Denver, Colorado, and liave issue.

Jan. -So, IM'J; 11. KlizabetU Sipijle (Airs. 11. Jienjanau, b. llarlfurd eunuty July 24,

J.indlev Sniithj, b. Feb. U, ISIU; 111. -Mary IhlT; ni. JJaeliel KielianlbdU.

(.Mrs. William Sellers), b. Oet. HI, 18-'<l; d. 111. Joseph W ., b. Hartford eoiuity April

Dec. 1, JMO; 1\'. Infant =on, b. Aug. l'S, o, 1«4IJ ; d. January It), lb5S.

1S22; V. Kdward liringhurst, b. Rb. 2 J, iV. .Mary If., b. Wilmington Septendjcr

Ib-Ji; m. Elizabeth Jenkins; VI. Thebe, 3, 1854; m. October 10, 1S77, Eldridge

b. April 15, ItiL'Ti; d. in lier sixth year; VII. C'. I'riee, of Haltiniore. They have issue.

Ziba, b. Sept. IS, 1828; m. Esther Lea; V. William, b. Wiluiington, July 2ij, 1859.

VIII. Frances, b. April 20, 1831; d. April y [. Deborah, b. Wilmington, .March 27,

20, 1838; IX. Thomas ^Megear, b. Ai)ril 17, 1803.

1834; X. Francis, b. Xov. 5^ 1840; d .Vug. ^'ir. Anna M., b. Wilmington, Xoveudier

2, 1843. 5^ l,s(i4.

David, fourth son and eighth child of Ben- Edward, voungcst of the ten children of

jamin I'erris (historian), and Fanny ( 'anby, jjenjamin and Fanny (Canby) Ferri~, was

his wife, was born in Wilmington, July 10, lj,,i-n December 20, l.'^25. He married June

1821. He married Sarah .Viiu Underwood at -, ]>S55, Catherine Lehman .\>huiead, i>f

.Moorcslown, .New Jersey, .\pril 12, 1S41). I'liiladeljihia. They reside at Colorado

Da\'id settled on a farm near Fallstou, .Mary- Sprin>'s, Cdlorado, and have descendants,

land, in 1841, removing in 1854 near Uanco- Elizabeth H. Ferris, daughter i>f Ziba and

eas, Xew Jersey, thence to Fairfax county, Eliza (Alegear) Ferri-, li. Wilmington, Febrn-

Yirginia, near Alt. Vernon, in 1871, and to my G, 1819, married there Octnlier o, ls:59,

Penn township, Chester county, Pennsyl- Lindley Smytlie. He was born in W ilming-

vania, in 1877. Issue: ton, July 28, 1810, s<iii of David and .-Vnna

I. Francis Canby, b. March 22, 1850; d. (( 'aiibv)" Smythc. Afier marriage, they took
January 15, 1880, unm. ,ip their residtiu'c in Philadelphia. Issue,

II. William Canby, b. Xovember 17, 1851 ; (>iirname Smythe):

machinist. ' T. Ferris, li. Septendier 8, 1841; d. April

III. .Matilda, b. August 19, 1853. 2,1843.

IV. Henry, b. August 10, 1855; m. Eliza- ' II. Horace, b. Alareh 9, 1844; m. Alary
beih Ellis .Marters, of Aluncy, Pa., he is ,i Elizabeth ILuimiu in 1805, and have descen-
printer and pidilisher in Wilmington; they dants.

have is>ue. " III. Alarriott Canby, b. X'ovend.er 13,

V. Alfred Justice, b. June 21, 1804; 1845 ; m. in 1870, CMara Lauderbach, <if Phila-
priuter. delphia, place of residence, riiiladelphin; they

VI. AValter, b. Alareh 21, 18G8; machinist, have children.

AVilliam, fifth son and ninth cliild of Ikm- Edward B. Ferri^, son of Ziba and Elizabeth
jamin Ferris (historian), and Fanny Canby, (Megear) Ferns, born February 22, ls24,
liis wife, was born in AVilming-ton l)ecend)er AVilmington; marrieij Elizabeth Jenkins Ao-
14, 1.S22. On the 2d of January, 1845, he vendx-r 7, 1801, of Philadelphia. Tliey re-
married Alary Wetherald, of AVilmington. side in that city, and have one daughter, Anna
She was born there Decend)er 14, 1825, J., born August 21, 1805.
<laughter of Joseph and Alary (llaworth) Ziba Ferns, born September 18, 1828, son
AVetherald, of AVilnnngton. lie has in his of Ziba and I'Jiza (Meticar) Ferris, of AVil-
posse->ion an old clock which is said to have nnngt<in, married June 2-1, 1850, at her home
been given by AVilliam Alexander to his an<l jilace of birth, Esther Lea, born October
daughter Alary, who married Jame.s Proome, 12, 1837. She was a daughter of AVilliam
and which has come down by direct Lea and James S. Lovett, of AVilmington.
line of descent to the pre-ent owner. They They reside in their native city and have a son
have i'sne: tmd dauirhter — Alice Lea, and William Lea.

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110

BIOGUAPIIICAL EXVYCLOPHDIA

The Kuss Family.

In early times there were none more promi-
nent in JJehiware than the family of Kcv.
(icurge Eoss. lie beeame rector of the church
at iXcw ('astle in 170;"). This church, accord-
ing to the authority of J. llcnry Ixogcrs, Esq.,
\^■a^ built on the tfite of Fort Casimir, and still
fatands to-day an antique and venerable edi-
tice, surrounded by its old-time graveyard, in
■which sleep many of the early settlers in New
Castle.

The Rev. George Koss, born in 167G, was
the son of David Ross, the second Laird of
lialblair, and head of one branch of tlic
Highland Clan Ross. He could trace his de-
scent to ilalcolm, Earl of Ross, who was con-
temporary with ilaleolm, King of the Scots in
the twelfth century. Ceorge Ross was edu-
cated at Edinburg, where he received the de-
gree of A. 'M., in 1700, At first he thought
of becoming a Presbyterian minister, but
changed his mind and received orders in the
Church of England. About 1703 he emigrated
from Scotland to Delaware, settled at Xew
Castle, and in 1705 became rector of the Epis-
copal Clmrch (Immanuel), at that place.
Some time in 1707 he married Joanna Wil-
liams, his first wife. She came from Rhode
Island, and was noted for her piety and Chris-
tian grace. They had issne: I. David, b. be-
fore 1708; II. ']\rargaret, b. in 1712; III.
Jolm, li. in 1714. Some time before the
lievdlntion he was Attorney General imder
the Crown for the Lower Counties on the
Delaware, and in his day was one of the most
distinguished and successful lawyers of Phila-
delphia. His only rival at the bar was An-
drew Hamilton. Samuel Adams in his diary
refers to him as a lawyer of great eloquence
and extensive practice. At first he favored
the loyalists, but became a convert to the
cause of liberty; IV. Aeneas, b. in 1716. He
entered the ministry, succeeded his father as
rector of the Parish of New Castle, j\Iay 3,
1 7.")?!, and served until 17S2. He was an earn-
est supporter of independence, preached ]iatri-
•otic sermons and was a pillar of strength in the
cause of liberty. His son, John Ross, became
the husband of Elizabeth Griscom (Betsy
Ross), who made our first national flag in
Philadel|diia, and whose liouse is still pointed
f.ut on Arch street; Y. Anne, b. in 1719, mar-
ried John Yeatcs, of Delaware, a cousin of the
<listiiiguished jurist, Joseph Yeates, a juilge

of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, and a
resident of the city of Lancaster, Pa.; VI.
dacob, b. before 1720. Little of his history is
known. Some writers say that he became a
]ihysician. Holcomb, the historian of the
cluircli over which the father presided so long,
says that two of his sons became clergymen.
It is probable that Jacob was one of them.

The wife of Rev. George Ross, Joanna
AVilliains, dN-ing soon after the liirth of Jacob,
he married, secondly. Catharine Van Gezel,
a granddaughter of Gerrit Van Gezel, who
was secretary to Jacob Aliichs, one of the
Dutch governors of the colony on the Dela-
ware. Their children were: VII. George, b.
:May 10, 1730, at New Castle. He studied
law, and after his admission to the bar he set-
tled in Lancaster in 1751, and there com-
menced his professional and distinguished
career. Au'Tust 17, 1751, he married Anne
I.aidor. His success at the bar brought him
in a few years the appointment of prosecutor
fiir the Crown, an office which he filled with
distinguished credit.

In 1708 he was chosen a representative to
the General Assembly, and continued a mem-
ber of that body until 1777, excepting the
years 1772 and 1770. When the Tories be-
came thesulijects of persecution and sometimes
imprisonment, and it was esteemed next to
treason to defend them, he, with James Wil-
son and a few other eminent persons, was ever
ready to plead in their behalf. He was, how-
ever, among the first of the colonists to be-
come sensible of the arbitrary acts of the Eng-
lish Goverunu'nt and to feel "the sting of
British tyranny." The Virginia resolutions,
proposing a Congress of all the colonies, were
received in the General Assembly on the eve
of its adjournment. INfany members were
anxious for delay, to hear from their con-
stituents, but so commanding was his influence
among his colleagues that it was decided to act
at once, and he was appointed a committee to
draft a re))ly to the speaker of the Virginia
House of Delegates. In that reply he ex-
pressed with clearness and force how sensible
the members of the Pennsylvania Assembly
were of the importance of co-operating with
the representatives of the other colonies in
every wise and prudent measure for the
jircservation and security of their general
rights and liberties.

'i'lie success of his services in the Assemblr

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STATE OF DELAWARE

111

made him available for other and higher du-
ties. Ou the 22d of July, 1774, he was one
of seven delegates chosen to represent the
Province in the Continental Congress. On the
15th of October, on motion of Mr. Ross, it
Vas ordered that John Dickinson, of Dela-
ware, be chosen an additional delegate. 'I'liat
Congrtss met on the 5th of September and
adjourned on October 2Gth of the same year.

As George Ross shared the distinction
achieved in that short session of seven weeks,
it may be worth while to pause long cucjiigh
in our narrative to take a glimpse of that not-
able Asscinljly, the first Continental Congi-esa.
It met in Carpenter's ITall, that sacred edifice
which still stands in Philadelphia, and is
venerated as the shrine of liberty. }ilany
noted men were there, not the least of whom
was the distinguished son of Delaware, George
Ross. Their work was the grandest of tho
age. They surveyed and mapped the rights of
man, declared that no law enacted without his
consent was binding upon a l^ritish subject,
that taxation without representation was tyr-
anny, that the common law of England was
every Englishman's birthright.

But ifr. Ross was not a one-term congress-
man, lie was re-elected on December 15,
1774, to the Congress which convened ^lay
10, 1775. To the succeeding term he was not
elected, but on July 20, 177C, he was again
elected, and immediately took his seat. In
January, 1777, he obtained leave of absence
on account of illness, and never afterward re-
turned. He tlnis occupied a seat in the Con-
tinental Congress from September 14th to
October 26, 1774; from May 10th to Novem-
ber, 1775, and from July 20, 1776, to Janu-
ary, 1777. On July, 4, 1776, at the very hour
the Declaration of Independence was being
adopted by the Continental Congress, he was
at Lancaster presiding at a meeting of the
officers and members of the battalions of As-
Bociators of the colony of Pennsylvania, to
choose two brigadier generals. "When the
signing of the immortal document took place
on the 2d of August following, he was present
and affixed his name to it. He was the only
signer of the Declaration from the county of
Lancaster. In appreciation of his services in
the Assembly ami Congress, a public mcctlTig
held at Lancaster passed a resolution granting
him il50, but he graciously declined the uift.
Tlic remnant of his life, after his retircjncut

from Congress, was to be still further digni-
hed and exalted by his elevation to the bench
of the Admiralty of the State, to which he Avas
appointed March 1, 177'J. Put he lived only
n short time to enjoy his last honor. lie died
Jidy 14, 177'J, of a sudden attack of gout, at
his home in Lancaster, and was buried in
Christ Church burial ground. He left one
son, James, who became an active patriot on
the breaking out of the Revolution. He raised
the first company in Lancaster, was made cap-
tain and marched to Caudiridge. He rose to
the rank of lieutenant colonel of the Eighth
Pennsylvania Regiment, with which he
fought in the memorable battle of the Brandy-
wiue. i\\ the battles of Long Island, Tren-
ton, Gernuintown, Col. Ross bore a consjucu-
ous jKirt. lie was appointed judge in the
Territory of Lom'siana. lie died August 24,
18US, in the fifty-fifth year of his age.

After the lapse of one hundred and
eighteen years the Lancaster County Histori-
cal Society reared a pillar and tablet to the
memory of the signer on the site of his coun-
try residence in the environs of the city of
Lancaster. The ceremonies took place June
4, 1897, in the presence of a great concourse
of people. Hon. Marriott Bnjsius, member
of Congress from Lancaster county, delivered
an eloquent oration in which he recounted the
patriotic services of the distinguished son of
Delaware.

VIII. Gertrude, b. about 1732. She mar-
ried Hon. rjcorge Read, the fii-st, (of Dela-
ware), signer of the Declaration of Indepen-
dence.

IX. Catharine, b. about 1734; m. Capt.
William Thompson, a native of Ireland, of
good family, who had been an officer in the
Pennsylvania regiment during the French
and Indian "War, and who was afterwards,
during the Revolution, a general (from lilarch
1,_ 177G, to Sept. 3, 1781), of the Continental
Line. Their children were: i. George, who
m. Mary Callendor, a daughter of Capt. Rob-
ert Callehder; ii. Robert, d. unm.; ili. Mary,
m. Hon. (ieorge Read, .second, of Delaware;
iv. Catharine, m. fir>t, Galbraith Patterson,
son of Capt. William Patterson, who was b.
at Patterson's Fort in 1767, studied law at
Lancaster, was admitted in 1789, removed to
what is now the borough of DuBoistown, op-
posite the city of Williamsport, where he d.
Februarv 26, 1801, in his thirty-fourth year.

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112

BIOGUAFHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

]lis widuw 111. scciiiul, Jiiincs Orliisoii, of
C'li:iinlii'r>ljurg, Pa., where sliu d. February
24, ISll. She had a daughter l.y Mr. Pat-
terson, who married, first, l^UAid ilaehiy;
Fccoud, lion. Alexander T. Hayes, wlm was
for many years a judge of the ( 'utiit of (Vnu-
iiKin Pleas, Laneaster; v. Juliana, ni. Joliii
Holmes, of Baltimore; vi. Elizaheth, m.
Count Josepli St. Leger d'llappart, of Franee;
vii. "William Allen, m. Sarah Lewis Clay, wid
ow, da\ightcr of i;i(diard ]\riAVilliams, Y.n\.,
of 1 )elaware.

X. Elizaheth, h. aliout IT.'id; m. Col. Ed-
ward P.iddle, of Iveading, a distinguished law-
yer, sjieaker of the Pennsylvania As^cuiMy,
and meinher of the Continental Congress.

XI. Susanmi, b. about IT."'.'^; m. Kev. AVil-
liani Thompson, of the I'^inscopal church.

XII. ^lary, b. about 1740; in. in 17U;i Col.
^lark Bird, of Birdsboro, a prominent iron
master. He took an active pait in the Kevolu-
tioii. On August 7, 177G, '"he reported to the
Council of Safety that abont 300 men in his
battalion would be ready to march in several
days, he having sujjjdied them with provi^ioii^,
tents and nniforms at his own expense." He
became a wealthy man for ln< time, his landed
possessions in Berks county alone reaching
8,000 acres, on which were situated his exten-
sive furnaces at Birdsboro and Hopewell. But
in 17SC he was compelled to make an assign-
ment of his estate for the benefit i>f his cr('(li-
tors. Abont 1788 he removed to >forth
Carolina, where he soon afterwards died.

Bev. (xeorge Boss, the progenitor of this
distinguished family, was rector of the Xew
Castle Church (Immannel), from June, 170j,
to July, 1708. lie then removed to Chester,
where, in connection with his church duties,
he condncted a school. In October, 1714, his
old congregation at X^ew Castle induced him
to return, and he continued to labor there
until his death in 1754-. Altogether, he
served in the Xew Castle Church for the long
period of forty -three years. He was buried
under the chancel of the chnndi, but strange
as it may appear, no record of the date of his
death has lieen preserved in the cliurcli ar-
chives.

TnoMAS Fenwick.
Thomas Fenwick, although comparatively
little is known of his early history, was a man
of some note in Delaware soon after the ad-

\'eiit of William Peun. His name indicates
Scotch origin. He ajipears to have settled
first in Z^Iaiylaud, for the earliest well au-
thenticated event in his history was his re-
ceiving by pul■(■ha^e several grants of land
ill Sonierset county of that State. These grants
bore the date ItiSU and were called '•Feuwick's
( 'lioice," "^\'illter Pa>tui-e," "( 'ow'sQuarters,"
"Dumfries,"" "Scottish Plot," iVc. The last two
names lead to the inference that .Mr. i'"enwick
was a Scotehnian. lie afterwards disposed of
these lauds in smaller lots. AVhile living iii
.Maryland he ap))i'ars to have been a planter.
Prior to settling in Helaware, he i-eeei\ed a
gi-aiit for "l'\'n\vick l.-land," at the southeast
corner of Sussex eount\, near Cape Ilenlopen.
This island was dotineil to become historical,
for through it was run the boundary line of
Delaware and ]\laryland, and reference is
made to it in the cek'bratcd case of Penn vs.
Lord Baltimore. Soon after settling in Sussex
county, Thomas Fenwick became a member
of Penii's Provincial Cmiucil, justice of the
]ieaee, .-.lierilf of the county and register of
wills. The-c app<iintments show that he
must have been a man of some standing and
enjoyed the confidence of William Penn.
The time of his death is unknown, but as his
will was dated in 170S, and was probated a
few months later, he must have died some time
in that yi'ar. It is on record at (ieorgetown.
His wife's Christian name appears as ilary in
the will, and the following cliildren are men-
tioned:

1. Anne (.Mrs. Kobert Clifton);

■1. ^Margaret (Mrs. Kdward Stretcher);

o. James; apparently his only son. What
became of him is unknown.

Beference is also made in the will to John
and ^largaret Hepburn, of Somerset county,*
regarding the transfi-r of his land. John .
Hepburn is known to have emigrated from
Scotland at an early date. He belonged to
the historic family of that name in Scotland,
'i'here also apjieai-s to have been a Cutlibert
Fenwick, wdio had sons, Bobert, Bichard and
John. His will is dated ^ilarcli C, 1(j:.4. What
relationship existed between Cutlibert and
Thomas Fenwick is unknown, but it is sup-
posed the former was uncle to the latter.
Thomas Fenwick died at Lewes, and is sup-
posed to have been buried in the old cemetery
at that jilace.

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.S'7'.177:; OF DELAW Mi !■:

113

Hon. C.KomiK Kkad.

(!cori;e UoaJ was a native of tlie rroviiicc
of .Maryhuiil, where lie was bom in 1734. His
iii-andfallur was an Insluuaii, wlio resided
in (lie city uf Dniilin, and was possessed uf a
(•(in.-idrralile fortnne. His son, Jolm Read,
tlie father of Hon. (leorge Head, luiviiiii emi-
grated to Anuriea, took up his resideiiee in
Cecil county, Maryland, where lie pursued
the occupation (if a planter. Xot lonii' after
the hirth of his eldest son, lie removed with
his family into the Province of Delaware,
and .setth'd in the eounty of New Cattle. Mr.
KeatI, de-imnnt;- his son for one of the learned
j)rofe>.-ion<. placed him in a seminary at Ches-
ter. Ha\ inu' there acquired the rudiments of
the learned lanj;iiages, the boy was transferred
to the care of that learned and accoiupli>hed
scholar, Rev. Dr. Alison, at his famous school
at Xew London, Chester county, Pa. Young-
Ivead continued his studies until his seven-
teenth year, when he entered the ottice of
John .iloland, a distinguished lawyer in
Philadelphia, for tlie purpo.^e of acquiring a
liiiowletlge of the legal profession. He made
rapid progress, and before completing his }ire-
paratory studies showed such aptitude for the
profession tliat his preceptor entrnsteil to him
a considerable sliare of his legal business.

In 17."):i, at the early age of nineteen }ears,
]Mr. Head was admitted to the bar. On this
event he performed an act of singular gener-
osity in favor of the other children of the
family. As the eldest son, he was entitled,
by tlie exi-ting- laws, to two shares of his
father's estate, but he relingnished all his
rights in favor of his brothers, assigning as a
reason for this act, his belief that lie had re-
ceived his proportion in the education which
liad been given him.

In the following year he commenced the
practice of law in the town of New Castle,
and althougli surrounded by gentlemen of
liigli distinction in the profession, he soon ac-
quired the confidence of the public, and ob-
tained a respectable .share of business. In
1703 he was appointed to succeed John Eoss
as attorney general of the three counties of
Delaware. This ottice Jlr. Head held until
the year 177.">, when, on being elected to Con-
gi'css, he re^igned it.

During the same year !Mr. Read married
(iertrude, daughter of the Hev. George K<i~-'',

a clergyinan, who had long presided over the
Episcopal Chundi in Xew Ca^lle. The char-
acter of J^lrs. Read was in eveiy respect ex-
eelleut. In her person rhe was beautiful, and
Ui I'legalit manners was added a deep and cuu-
>tant jiic'ty. She was al-o imbued with the
.-^pil■it of a pure [lati'loti^m. During the Hevo-
lutioiiary War .-^lie was often called to sutler
many privations, and was frequently exposed
with her infant family to imminent danger
from the predatory incursions of the liritish.
Yet, in the darkel^t hour and anii<Ut the most
appalling danger, her fortitude was unshaken
and her courage nudannteJ.

In the year 170.') ]\Ir. Head was elected a
representative from New Ca.-.tle county to the
Ceneral Assembly of Delaware, a post which
he (jccupied for twelve years. By an adher-
ence to the royal cause he had reason to an-
ticipate office, honor and wealth. But his
liatriotism and integrity were of too pure a
character to be intlueuced by worldly prefer-
ment or pecuniary reward.

On the first of August, 1774, Mr. Head was
chosen a member of the Continental Congress
in connecti<m with Caesar Hodney and
Thomas ^IcKean. To this station he was au-
ntuilly elected during the whole Hevolution-
ary war, and wa- indeed present in the na-
tional as.<embly, except for a few short in-
tervals, during the wh(de of that period.

When the time came for signing the
Declaration of Independence, Mr. Head af-
fixed his signature tu it with all tlie cordiality
of those who had voted in favor of the declar-
ation itself.

In the following September -Mr. Head was
elected president of the convention which
formed the first Constitution of the State of
Delaware. On the completion of this he was
ort'ered the executive chair, but chose at that
time to decline the honor.. In 1777, the
governor, Mr. ^IcKinly, was captured by a
detachment of British troops, and Mr. Read
was called to take his place in the respon-
sible ofhee (see sketches of the Governors),
the duties of which he continued to discharge
until the release of the Governor.

In 1777 ill-health required him to retire
for a season from public employment. In
1782, however, he accepted the appointment
of judge of the Court of Appeals in admiralty
cases, an office in which he continued until
the abolition of the court. In 17S7 he roprc-

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114

BIOdHAPllICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

sentcd the State of Delaware in the eouven-
tion which framed the L'oiistitutioii of the
United States, under whieh he was immediate-
ly elected a memljer of the Senate. The du-
ties of this exalted station he discharged till
171)3, when he accepted a seat on the bench
of the Supreme Court of the State of Dela-
ware, as Chief Justice. In this exalted posi-
tion he continued till the autumn of 1798,
when, on the 21st of September, he was sud-
denly summoned to another world, lie was
buried near the eastern wall of Inuiianuel
Church, New Castle.

The Bkufoeds.

Although occupying a conspicuous position
in the history of Delaware, nothing is known
of the ancestry of Lieutenant Colonel Gun-
ning Bedford, of Colonel Haslet's regiment
of Delaware State troops, and afterwards
Deputy Quartermaster General of the Ameri-
can Army. Captain Bellas, who has devoted
much time to genealogical research, declares
that very little connected history of the Bed-
ford family can be obtained. Gunning Bed-
ford was born in Philadelphia in 17130, and
died in New Castle, Delaware, September 30,
1797. He was a lieutenant during the French
and Indian War, and entered the Revolution-
ary army as a major, March 20, 1775. Hav-
ing been promoted to the rank of lieutenant
colonel of Colonel Ilaalet's regiment, he was
wounded at White Plains. On June 18, 1776,
he was appointed quartermaster general. The
fact that he entered the service from Dela-
ware, leads to the conclusion that he had set-
tled in that state early, probably soon after
returning from service in the French and In-
dian campaign. He was a delegate from
Delaware to the old Congress of 1783-85, and
governor of the State from January, 179G,
to his death, September 30, 1797. the frac-
tional portion of his term, which ended in
1799, was filled by Daniel Pogers, speaker of
the Senate. Governor Bcdfor<l man-ied ^fary,
daughter of Col. John and Mary (Howell)
Pead. He left no issue at his death. In the
minutes of Council of Delaware he was gen-
erally denominated the "Elder," or "Senior."

Gunning Bedford, Jr., it is stated, was his
cousin. He was born in Philadelphia in 1747,
and died in Wilmington, D<laware, ^larch
30, 1812. Ho graduated at Nassau Hall,

Princeton College, in 1771, among his class-
mates being James .Madison and Hugh M.
Breckinridge. He was one of the first bcholara
uf his class and probably the best speaker, for
he was selected to deliver the valedictury ora-
tion at the conuueucement. I'revious to his
graduation he had been married to Miss Jane
Ballaroux Parker, daughter of James I'arker,
of lioston, whose wife was a lady of French
descent. His wife was so interested in his
success at college that she traveled on horse-
back to Princeton with her baby to witness
her husband's triiunph. On leaving college
young Bedford studied law with Joseph Peed,
an eminent attorney of Philadelphia, and hav-
ing been admitted to the bar renujved to
Dover, Delaware, where he practiced success-
fully until failing health compelled him to
leave and take u]i his residence iu Wilmington.
'Tie was a handsome man," says William T.
Pead, in his life of George Pead, "and a very
fluent and agreeable speaker, and the high
J)! ace he gained in the esteem and confidence
of his fellow citizens was shown by the offices
of trust and importance which he filled." On
the breaking out of the Pevolution he took
sides with the patriots and threw his whole
force and influence in behalf of liberty. Dur-
ing the war he served for a short time as aid-
de-camp to General Washington. He was at-
torney general of the State, a member of the
Assembly of Delaware, and of the Continental
Congress, from 1783 to 1787; a member of
the convention whieh formed the Constitution
of the United States, and signer of that in-
strument; and it was largely through his ef-
forts that Delaware, in common with Phode
Island and other snudl states, was put upon
an equality with the large States in numeri-
cal representation in the United States Senate.
He was a presidential elector in 1789 and
1793. Upon the organization of the Govern-
ment, President Washington appointed him
Judge of the United States District Court,
and he filled that high office honorably for
himself and satisfactorily to the public until
he was disabled by disease which terminated
his life in 1812, as stated above. j\Iiss i^Iont-
gomery, in her "Peminiscences of Wilming-
ton" (p. 245), says that General AVashington
presented his pocket pistols to Jtidge Bedford
as a token of a|)]irobation of his scTvices.
After the General's death. Lady Washington
]u'esented to hitii, as a memento of her regard.

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STATE OF DEL.UVAUE

117

the ^fiisiiiiic s;ish worn by her hiisbaud. It is
jiuw i)ri'S(r\(.(l aiuiiug the vahiabh^ culleetiou
of i-i'lifb of the great man in the buihling at
Morristown, -Xew Jersey, known as "Wash-
inj;tiiu's J lea(hiuarters.'' Jt is of crimson
silk. Judge Jiedford had several children.
His daiijihter Ann, wlio married Cominodore
Jolin JJarniy, of the U. S. Navy, was born
in ITi'it, an<l died in 1818. Another dantih-
ter, w ho married ( \v\\. -lohn Strieker, of ilary-
iand, was liorii February 15, 1701t (twin,
jirobabiy, witii 31 rs. Barney), and died Jmie
L';j, 1825. His last surviving daughter was
Henrietta T. Bedford (born 178'J, died Au-
gust, 1871), in AVilmington. This daughter
caused a .«i)iendi(l and enduring monument of
gi-anit(> to be placed over her distingui>hed
fatlicr's grave in the First Presbyterian
cliurchyard, Wilmington, in 1S5S. The
beautiful and ai)|proi)riate eiiitapli carved on
the sliaft was composed Ijy William T. Read,
and it may be read from the Market street
sidewalk, .so close does the monument stand to
tlie iron fence.

Commodore ^Iacdonouuu.

'i'homas ilacdonough, distinguished as a
naval otticcr, was a luitive of Delaware. In a
contribution to the Historical Society, his
grandson, Rodney Macdonough, of Boston,
says that his family was of Sccjtcli-Irish origin.
His great-grandfather, Tliomas ilacdonough,
lived on the river FifFey, t'ounty Kildare, H'C-
land. l']ither he or his father was a native of
Scotland, but, on account of the disturbed con-
dition of the county, had emigrated to Ireland
and settled there. This Thomas had several
children, two of whom, John and James, came
to this country about 17)30. John !Macdon-
otigh settled on Long Island, and James ilac-
donough, the ancestor of the, Delaware line,
settled in St. George's hundred, 7*few (Jastle
county, Delaware, at the place then called the
Tra]i, but to which the post office department
in 1844 gave the name of iracdonough. Here
he lived to a good old age, dying in 1702,
c ighty years old. ITis wife was Lydia, daugh-
ter of Peter T.aroux, also of St. (leorge's hun-
dred. James and Lydia ^facdonough left sev-
eral children, among whom was Thomas 3Iac-
(hiiKuigh, 2, the conunodore's father, born in
174 7."

Thomas !Macdonough, 2, lived in stirring
7

tinns on the Delaware. He had studied medi-
cine and adopted that jirofes^ion, but when
there came the call to arms in 1770 he threw
away the huu-et and buckled on the sword.
On iMarch 22, 177(i, he was commissioned by
Congress as major in Col. John Haslet's regi-
ment of Delaware troops in the Continental
service. Five months later the regiment took
the tield, and the first engagement in whiidi it
took part was the battle of Long Island. In
the absence of the colonel and lictiteuaut colo-
nel, ]Major IMacdonough was in command, and
accjuittcd himself ,so as to receive the thanks
of (icni'ral AVashington. During this engage-
ment he was wounded. Then followed the
battles (if AVhite Plains, Trenton and Prince-
ton, in all of which the regiment participated.
Its loss in officers and men in the battle of
Princeton was so great that the time of mo^t
of the men liaving expired, the regiment was
disbanded and never reorganized and the
niaj<ir returned to his home.

In 1782 he was colonel of the Seventh Kegi-
ment, Delaware militia. In 1788 he was ap-
jKiinted third justice of the Court of Common
I'leas and Orphans' Court by (iovernor Col-
lins. In 17!»1 (iovernor Clayton appointed
him second justice of the Court of Connnon
Pleas and Orphans' Court, and in 171)3 he Avas
again a]>pointed by the same governor one of
the justices of the Court of Common Pleas.

The wife of ^lajor ]\[acdonough was ^lary,
daughter of Samiud Vance. He died a com-
paratively young man in 1795, and he and his
wife are buried side by .side in the family lot.
They left a nundjcr of children, ainonn whom
was Thomas ^lacdonough, 3, destined to be-
come distinguished as a naval commander.

Thomas ]\Iacdonongh, 3, was born Decem-
ber 31, 1783, at the Trap, on the farm on
which his father and grandfather had lived be-
fore liim. For sixteen years he resided at or
near his homo, happy and contented; he al-
ways retained a lively and affectionate remem-
brance of the home of his youth. Just after
eom|ileting his sixteenth year he entered the
na\y. H(> had heard much of war. His un-
cle, Patrick ^lacdonough, had been a soldicc
under St. Clair in his ill-fated expedition. His
father had served in the Revolnti(ni. His elder
brother, James, was a midshipman in the navy
and had taken ))art in the engagement between
the Constellation and the Im^urrjente, and lost
a leg. The stories he heard from these rcla-

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IS

BIOGUAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

th'cs fanned the spark of patriotisui ir. his
hosoni iutQ ii bright and steady llaiiie.

On tiie 15th of February, IbUU, Thomas
^laedonough was ajipoiutcd a niidshipniaii by
John Atlams, tlirougii the influence uf United
(States Senator J.atinier, of iJehiware. lie
biraightway went aboard slii]) at A'ew Castle,
bound for a cruise in the AVest Indies, and
saw some hard ser\ ice.

lie was with Stephen Decatur when they
burned the Eliiladdphia in the harbor of 'J'rip-
oli. Lieutenant Lawrence and ten men, witii
inidsliipmeii Laws and Macdonough, were di-
rected by Decatur to lire the berth deck and
forward store room of tiio captured ship.
They did their duty courageously and we'd
and the ship was destro^'cd. i'or his services
on this occasion ^IcDonough was promoted
to tlie rank of lieutenant iLiy 18, lbU4.

Cruising in theMediterranean lieliad many
adventures and narrow escapes. In the har-
iior of Cibraltar, a British man-of-war's boat
boarded an American merchantman and took
out, or impressed, one of her men. ^lacdon-
ough went alongside the British boat and
demanded him, which demand was refused.
He then took hold of the man, put him into
his own boat, and brought him on board his
slap, the Syren. The British otHcer blustered
and stormed, but ilacdonough kejil the man,
who was an American.

His bravery was of tliat kind which knew
no fear. While lying off Syracuse, lie obtain-
ed permission to go ashore. Just as he was
stepping into a boat to return to his ship ho
was set upon by three cut-throats armed with
daggers. The young lieutenant drew his
sword, and though the odds were three to
one, two of his assailants were soon disabled,
and the third, taking to flight and being tV)l-
lowed by the otticer, ran into a building ami
upon the roof, from whence, there being no
A\'ay of escape, he threw himself to the ground
to avoid being taken. Young .Aracdonough
was the gallant Decatur's favorite nudshii)-
man, and ''wherever Decatur led he daiod to
follow.'' To relate all of his adventures
Would require the space of a small volume.

On the breaking out of the second war with
Oreat Ih-itain, he was ordered to take com-
mand of the naval force on Lake Champlain
September 12, 1812. On December 12, of
the same year, he married Ln<'v Ann, dauuh-

ter of 3>'athani(d Shaler, of .Middletown, Con-
necticut. There he afterwards made his home
when off duty and there his children were
boni. One of them, "whom," as lie writes
ia ISi'i' to his sister Lydia in Delaware, 'T
call Koduey after my fi'iend in W'ilnangton,*
is now li\'ing in ^>'c\v \'ork (, ity, aiul another,
Cliarlotle Ko^ella, now a widow, i^ living ir
Ali.ldlelowii.

On the 24th of didy, ISlo, .Macdonough
was commi---ioneil nuister commandant, and
soon after to(.ik comnuind of the iloet on Lake
Champlain. The brilliant naval victory which
he won over the Ifrili^h on the J 1th of Sep-
tendier, 1M4, is well known to all reader.^ of
history. The loss of the Americans was tifty-
two killed and tifty-eight wounded: that of tlie •
]jritish eighty-four killed and one hundred
and ten wounded. 'J'he prisoners taken ex-
ceeded the whole nundier of the Americans in
the action. The victory was hailed by tlie
whole country with great joy.

The state of Xew York, in justice and
gratitude, gave the gallant commodore one
thousand acres of land, and the state of Ver-
mont made him a grant of two hundred acres
on Cmnberland Uead, which overlooked the
scene of his brilliant naval victory on Cham-
].lain. Tlc' was voted a gold medal by Con-
iire-s, and was the recipient of numerous
civic honors from cities and towns through-
out the country.

On the ■'!Oth of Xovendjer, 1814, he was
commissioned captain, then the highe-t rank
in tlie infant navy, to take rank from the date
of his brilliant victory over the English fleet.
After c(in>iderahle .service from tlie date of
his promotion, he wa^ ordered to as>\ime com-
mand of the American sipiadron in the Medi-
terranean. Owing to ill iM'alth. however, he
was relieveil of tiic c<inimand of the ('(jjisli-
tut'iiin on October 14, 1825, with pernussion
to return to the Thiited States, but he did not
live to see his native land, dying at sea while
homeward hound, ten days out from (iibral-
tar. Xovember 10, 182.". His death was
caused by consnmiition, the result of the ex-
]iosure and hard service to which he had been
subjected during his active career. His re-
mains were brought home and btu'ied at ^lid-
dletown, Connecticut, Deecndier 1, 182,"), with
military, civil and ^lasonic honors. His wife
had died a few months before, and they nov

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STATE OF 1>I:LA\V MIE

110

lie ?i<.lu liy sidr ill tilt' (luaiiit old ceiuetery
overlooking the C'oniieetieut iiiver. A lit-
tiiiy inonmneiit marks his place of burial with
an appropriate e[iitaph carved thereon, "lie
was distiiipiii.-licd in the world as the Hero of
Lake C'liamplain."

tioVKUNOR JoiIN McKlNLY.

iJr. John McKinly, who had the distin-
guished honor of being the first President (or
<-iovernorj of the State of Delaware, after the
l>eclaration of Independence, was a native of
the north of Ireland, where he was born
February 'li, 17-1. A'^othing is known of his
parentage or family, or the year when he came
to this country. That he must have had some
advantages in the way of securing an education
is evident, for he studied medicine; and when
he arrived here he at once engaged in the jno-
fession which he had chosen.

Like the majority of Irish immigrants at
that time, he probably landed at New Castle,
and at once made his way to AVilniington,
Avhere he settled and commenced the practice
of his profession. That he was here at an
early date, and when quite a young man, is
shown by the records. It appears that he was
apiJointed ^heriif of New Castle county by
A\'illiam Iii'imy, Colonial governor, October
4, ITTjT, and re-appointed in 175S and 175'J,
making three years of continuous service in
that line. ■ Noting the date of his birth, he
must have been but a little over tliirty years
of age when the appointment of high sheriff
■was conferred on him. *

About the time his term as sheriff closed
he was chosen chief burgess of the infant
borough of Wilmington. This was in 1759,
and so well did he perform the duties of the
office that his fellow-citizens persisted in re-
electing him froni year to year, so that he
eontiinicd to serve until 177G, a period of rif-
teen years. His long service as burgess, there-
fore, attests his worth and po]iu]arity as a man
and officer, auil the confidence rejwsed in him,
by his fellow citizens, lie married Jane Llicli-
ardson, about 17G1 or 17GG, as nearly as can be
ascertained. She was the eighth daughter
and twelfth child of John and Ann Kichard-
son, and was horn near Wilmington, February
1, 1727. Her parents were English Friends,

and came to this country early in the
eigliteenth century.

Ur. .\lcKinly early took a stand against
ih-itish oppression, and like all of his race,
became an ardent and out.spoken 2)atriot. lie
was of fearless and decided character, and
pronounced in his opinions, which increased
his popularity with those who ojtposed taxa-
tion without representation. Alter the L>e-
claration of Independence, and when a re-
organization of the State government became
necessary, he was honored by being chosen
the first president (governor) of the State of
Delaware, February 12, 1777, for three years,
and administered tiie office until the folhnving
September.

On ^he uight of the 11th of September 1777,
just after the battle of 1 handy wine, a detach-
ment of British soldiers suddenly ajipeared iu
Wilmington, and seeking the house of the
governor, forcibly entered it and took him
from his bed, and detained him as prisoner.
His desk was broken open, and his books and
papers taken therefrom. The invaders, not
content with securing his I'ecords, plundered
the house of everything of value, including
plate and provisions, which they carried away.
The capture of the governor of a State was
regarded by the invaders as securing to them
a valuable prize, and they were determined
to nuike the most of it. Oov. ^IcKinly was
hurried away by his captors to New Castle
and confined on board the Solbaij, a small
war vessel lying in the Delaware River off
that place. Here he was carefully guarded
until the British ca[itured Fhiladelphia and
obtained possession of the forts on the Dela-
ware, when, on the 22d of November, he waa
removed to a prison ship lying off Chester,
and taken thence to Philadelphia, where ho
was imprisoned in tin; State House. Hero
he was kept iu close confinement until the
Fnglish evacuated the city, June IG, 1778,
when he was taken by sea to New York and
confined at Flatbush on Long Island. In the
fcdlowing month lie was paroleil and returned
to Philadelphia, where, after some delay on
the j)art of Congress, he was exchanged in Sep-
tember 1778, and returned to his home and
wife in Wilmington after a captivity of about
one year.

Governor jrcKinlv resided on the north-

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120

BIOanAl'lllt'AL ENCYCLOPEDIA

west corner of Third and French streets, Wil-
mington. Cireat changes iiave taken jihice iu
the locality during the last hundred years, but
the spot where his house stood can easily be
pointed out. On his return from captivity ho
resumed tlie practice of his profession, and
as piiysicians wei"e scarce in those days, lio
was kejjt busy looking after tiie sick. This
business he followed to the close of liis life,
or until borne down by the weight of years
he was unable to continue his regular, visita-
tions. An interesting relic of the old time
pli}sician, in the form of the lantern used by
him, is preserved among the antiquities of tiie
State Historical Society, Wiliuiugton. It is
in a good state of preservation, yet venerable
api)earance, and contrasts strangely with
our modern lanterns. A card is attached to it,
which, after setting forth the name of the
owner and' his capture by the British while
serving as the first goveijior of Delaware,
concludes in these words. "This hmtern
lighted the path of the devoted, able physician,
during his nightly visits to the sick and af-
flicted, borne by his devoted African servant,
Forten, when street lamps were unknown.
There are a few persons still living in Wil-
mington who bear kindly recoUec-tions of
master and man."

Like nearly all the early Irish immigrants.
Dr. ]\rclvinly was an adherent of the Presby-
terian faith, and on December 23d, 1780, his
name appears as one of the trustees of
tlie First Presbyterian Church, AVilmington,
when ajjplication for incor])oration was made,
and he continued to act as a trustee nntil his
death in 1706. lie was liberal iu his religious
views, however, and at one time offered the
vestry of the Old Swedes' Church a lot of
ground at the corner of Seventh and !^^arket
streets, AVilmington, if they would luiild a
church there; but for some reason the offer was
declined.

Among the pa])ers relating to Dr. AIcKiuly,
preserved in the New York Public Library, is
the following estimate of the damage he sus-
tained to bis ])ro|)(-rty in the months of S(>])-
tember and October, 1777, when the Hrifish
were in possession of the liorf)ugh of Wil-
mington :
The dwelling house broken open and

damaged, table linen and wearing

ajjparel, and household furniture
taken and destroyed,

Shop furniture and medicines taken
and destroyed,

AVine and >pii-its taktai and u.^cil, . .

A saddle and bridle, with plated
mounting taken; riding chair, with a
top, and gears, broken and damag-
ed,

I lay taken and nuide use of,

A large ipiantity of fencing, chiefly
with red cedar posts, some railing
and a parccd of boards, and loose '
2>osts and rails, burned and de-
stroyed,

A chest containing books and accounts,
deeds, li'c, together with cash and
a variety of valuable effects (exclu-
sive of public money and papers)
taken

£35-

20
Ij

(30-

850.

£1,055
Errors excepted by

John ifclCinly.

New Castle County:

Doctor iTcKinly, on his solemn oath, doth
depose that the above, amounting to £1,055,
is accoi-diiig to the best of his knowledge, a
fair and reasonable estimate of the damages
he sustained by the enemy, as above stated,
at the time above mentitmed.

John iMcKinly.
Sworn this 18th Decendier, 1782,

Pefore Jno. Lea.

AVhcther he was reimbursed by the govern-
ment for the loss he sustained is unknown;
but, considering the poor financial condition
of the infant republic at that time and for
many years afterwai-ds, the probabilities arc
that he had to shoulder the loss.

Doctor AfcKinly was an active and con-
scientious jiractitioner, and took a deep inter-
est in whatever was calculated to advance the
science of medicine. lie gave his influence to-
ward founding the first Afedical Society in the
state, and his name apjjcars fii-st among the
twenty-eight charter niend)ers. The Legisla-
ture granted articles of incor|ioration Febru-
ary 3, 1780, under the title of "The President
and Fellows of the ^fedical Society of Dela-
ware." This was the third society in the
Ignited States, and an organization was effect-

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STATE OF DELAWAHE

121

-ed at Dover, May 12, ITsO, by electing Dr.
James Tiltoii president. The society is still
in existence and the name ol; Dr. ^IcKinly is
reveretl among the pioneer practitioiurs of
more than a hundred years ago.

^\'hen Doctor ^McKinly died on tiie 3 1st of
August, ITUO, he liad attained tiie age
of seveuty-Hve years, six months auil sewn
days. Jlis death was sincerely mourned l>y
all the inhabitants of Wilmington, for they
felt that a sincere and \aluable citi/.en had
been called hence.

L'layp(.iole's Auierican Daily Adceriiser,
published in Philadelphia, contained untler
date of September 7, 1790, the following
obituary, Avhicli shows the esteem in which
he was held, not only at home Init abr<iad:

"This respectable citizen died full of years,
carrying with him to the grave the sincere
respect of his friends and the «'steem of all
who knew him. Dr. ^K-lunl}' was a native
of Ireland, but settled in Wilmington more
than half a century ago. The early part of
liis life was spent in the laborious and useful
dischai'ge of the duties of liis profession,
rpon the lirst dawaiing of the Kevolution he
warudy and actively espoused the cau-e of
freedom. The contidence of his fellow citi-
zens rewarded his zeal for their interests and
in\i'stcd him with the office of President
[( io\ iiuiii] of the State as soon as a govern-
ment was organized under the fir>t constitu-
tion.

"The latter part of Governor McKiidy's
life has been spent in the pleasant enjoj'nient
of the fruits of honest industry and virtuous
fame. And when arrived at the goal which
was to terminate life's career, he resigned his
spirit into the hands of Ilim who gave it, with
a serenity and content which can be experi-
enced only by a mind clear of I'eproach."

His will bears date August 27, I7!t5, aiid
was ]>robated Septend)er 14, 179G. He nuide
provision for paying the interest on a bond
for HldO held by James ^fcKennan during his
life; and t'(i were to be paid to Pev. AVilliam
!Mclvenuan dni-ing his life. Tiiirty dollars
were directed to be ]iaid to the First I're-^by-
tcrian Church, being the amount of his sidi-
scription, in favor of "Francis Allen Fatta,
as unni-^ter of the First' Presbyterian ('liun-li
fur sc\cn ycai-s, ■|)roviding he continur< as
minister." Tie also beqiuMthed i'K")!), nv -,n
much as mav be ncl■e^sar^■, for biiildiut: a

stone wall and gateway, for the First Pres-
byterian Church. The rest of his estate, per-
sonal and real, was devised to his wife, and
h ' appointed her his sole e.Kccutrix. The wit-
nesses to the will Were James X. Ha}ard and
Henry Latimer.

'J'he rcuniins of Dr. .McKinly were interred
in the Presb^'tcriau church yard, corner of
Market and Teulh streets, Wilmington, in the
presence of a large coin'ourse of friends
and mourners who took this opjjortuuity
to jiay their last resi)ects t(j the honored
deail. On his tombstone are inscribed
these M-ords: "This monument is erected to
the memory of .lohn .Melvinly, .M. D., who
was born in the Kingdom of Ireland on the
;'dth of FebriKiry, A. D., 1721, and died in
this town on the 31st of August, A. D., 1790.
He settled early in life in this countrj' and
pursuing the practice of physic, soon became
endnent in his profi'ssion. He served in sever-
al important piddic employments and, parti-
cularly, was the first person who filled the
office of President [Governor] of the State
after the Declaration of Independence. He
died full of years, having jjassed a long life
nsefullv t<i thi' j)ublic and honorably to him-
self."

The widow of Dr. John ^fcKiidy survived
him over eight years, dying Jidy 18, 180.5,
of ai>oi)le.Ny or pai-alysis, suddenly, while sit-
ting in her chair, in apparent good health,
at the age of se\'enty-eiglit years, five months
and seventeen days. She was buried at Xew
Castle. Thcv left no descendants.

\ TUE PlCU.MiDSON F.VMILV.

One of the oldest families in Delaware is
the one bearing the name of Piichardson.
Twenty years ago (1S7S) Picbard Pichardson
published a genealogy of the fanuly, giving
what facts were then obtainable regarding the
early member.s, but as the edition was small
an<l designed only for private circulation,
(■cil)ics are now difficult to obtain. From that
record the following genealogy has been ob-
tained.

.Mr. Pichardson informs us that the earliest
ancotiu' of the fanuly, of whom there is any
account, came to this country about 1GS2.
His naiJie was .Toliu Pichai'd-ion, and he enii-
gratcil from T,iiicnln~liire. luiglaud. Priiu<l,
ill his Histury id' Pennsylvania (p. iMS), in a

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122

BIOGRArillCAL J'JX('V('L01>i:i>I A

note says: "Of tlie (Juakors that settled In
auil about Xew Castle in tlie year 1GS2, were
John Ilussey, Jolm Kichartlson, Edward
Blake, &:c." Another writer says: '"John
TTiissey, John llirhardsoii, Edward lihikc,
Eeiijamiii Seott, and other Ericnds, being set-
tled in and near New Castle, held a nieetinc;
for ■\vorshi]i se\eral years at private houses in
said town; it was first set iip by the authority of
the yearly meeting of Philadel[ihia, tjio 2d of
the first month 1684, and continued until
1705, when a lot of ground was i)urehascd,
and a meeting house was built."

As regards the time of his cmigi'ation to this
country there is no positive Icuowledge. Tn
the Tvcgister of Arrivals in Philadelphia, in
the librai-y of the Historical Society, it is
stated that a John Tiichardson arrived at Phila-
delphia in the ship Eiuh-aror on the 20th of
Julv, 1GS3. This may have been the ancestor
of the family; but as there was more than one
John Tiichardson that came from England, it
is uncertain which was the right one. There
has been a tradition in the family that he enii
grated in the ship which brought over Pobert
Ashton; if that be the case, the date mav be
fixed as lieinjr l\rarch S, ITiSfi. Put this is
several years later than the other dates. The
two accounts mav be reconciled, if we con-
clude that John Pichardson came in advance
of his family, and that they came with Pobert
Ashton, which is not improliable.

His wife's name was Elizal>eth

but this is all that is known respecting her.
His children were, as appears from his will,
two sons, John and Piehard, and a dauehtcr,
whose name is not mentioned, married to
James Anderson, of C.eorge's Creek, Dela-
ware.

John Pichardson left nearly the whole of
his estate — not previouslv jriven to them — to
his two sons, after the death of his widow,
without specifviiitr what it ^vns, or where situa-
ted; it is therefore imnossible to C'ive anv in-
fonnation about it. TTe also had real estate
at New Castle.

John Pichardson was a member of Assem-
blv for New Castle counfv in ^Cl97. a* axueiv-!
from the minute* n^^ tbp Po'iiumI held the
"l?th nf Mav, 1007," at Philadelphia. TTe also
lield the office of iiistiee of the ncace — a more
important office at that time than now — un-
der Penn's governuuMit, as appear^ from a no-

tice published in the Journal of the Eranklia
Institute, Vol. iv., p. 11, 'J'hird Series, 1842^
describing the mode of laying out the curve
of the northern boundary of the State of
Delaware in 17(tl. Penn in his urdi'r for
making the sm\ey, instructed L-aac Taylor,
of tlie county of LUiester, and Thomas Pier-
son, of the county of New Castle in the terri-
tories, "to aeeompany the magistrates of each
county, or any three of them." And it ap-
]jears from the surveyor's memoranda, under
date of Octdber 20, 1701, that they began
"at the end of the horse dyke in the town of
New ( 'astle," and tliat among the justices
jiroc^nt was John Pichardson.

There ari' si'verai other Piehard^ons men-
tlonetl in Proud's Hi-^t(irv of Pennsylvania,
and in other records; another John Pichard-
siiu, who must not be confounded with the
ancestor of the Delaware family, who was a
member of "William Penn's first council, and
died in 1700; also Samuel Pichardson, a mem-
ber of council, and nuiny times prothonotary
of Philadelphia, from whom the T\ichardsons
of Pucks County, l^ennsylvania, are de-
scended; besides others of the same name in
various parts of this country.

John Pichardson died November 19, 1710,.
and his remains were probably interred in
the T'riends' burial ground at New Castle,
where the family still has a private lot en-
elused by a wall. As the date of his birth
is not known, it is not possible to state his age.
Neither is it known how long his wife sur-
vived him. TTe had a brother Jose]di Pichard-
son in England, to whose .son John left a
small legacv. Tlis will is dated Novendier 10,
1710, and he died on the 10th of the same
month. In it he makes ample provision for his
wife Elizabeth, remembers a number of his
relatives with small bequests, and then orders
that after his wife's death all of his estate,
real and personal, shall go to his two sons,
John and Piehard. The will in full is on
record at Wilmington, Pook P, page 224.

SkCOND (lEXERATIOX.

This relates to the children of John and
Elizabeth Pichardson. Nothing is knowm of
their son Tviehard, except through the refer-
ence made to him in his father's will. It is
uncertain whether he ever was in this country,
tlnnidi his father's will would seem to indicate-

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STA'I'E OF DELAWARE

123

that lie was. It is pretty certain, however, that
he left 110 deseeiidaiitb iu this country.

John liiehardsoii the seeoiid, sou of John
and Elizabeth, was born in England in IGT'J,
and eniigiated to tiiis country with iiis parents
when a child, iu the year 1US2 or tliereabouts.
ile married Ann Asiiton, of St. (ieorge's,
JS'ew ('a>lle county, Delaware, at a Friends'
lueettnji-, held at her fatlier's house July 7,
1701, as appears from tlie marriage; (•(.■rtiti-
cate, he being twenty-five years of age, and
she a year younger. Her parents were liobert
and I'-iizabeth Ashton, of St. Cieorge's, Xi'W
Castle county.

They settled on the banks of tlie Cliristiaua
Creek, about two miles above the present city
of A\'iliningtoii, on the first point of upland
on the north side of said creek al>ove Wil-
mington, and John Kichardson, L', owned
nearly all the land bordering on tiie creek as
high as tiie "Folly woods," as they are now
callecl, iiiid including tlieni. It was his inten-
ticii t'j found a town there, the plan being
arraiigetl and the streets laid out on paper;
hut in this he was disappointed; the site of
AVilmington being nearer the river Delaware,
his enterprise was superseded. lie and ins
sons carried on a considerable mcrcautih'
trade ivoxn this ]iiace, having wharves and
storehouses there, transporting sugar, mo-
lasses and other West Indian products in ves-
sels of tlieir own; his sons going out with the
ve-seN as commanders and supercargoes.
Their liu^iness was extensive for those times;
and .loliu liichardson acfpiired a consideralile
estate, liotii real and jicrsonal. His old man-
sion house, with an addition huilt in 174;>,
■was standing until the year 1S3I5, when it was
tnheii down, the walls Vicing cracked and in an
nii>tidile condition. Tlie ]irescnt house is on
tiie .-aiiie >-ito; the old lirieks were Ur.e(l in the
construction of the new dwelling. The for-
nu'r one was quite a curiosity in its way, hav-
ing leaden sashes in tlie windows. .\u old
collier cupboard, a relic of the furniture of
Jolin liichardson, is still presc'rved iu tlie
hoii-e. It belongs, or did helong, to Henry
T.aliiiier, a desceii<lant of Tlohert Uichardsoii.
'i'lie liou~e and land were left to John Tiich-
ardxiii, son ai Tvohort liichardson, Ly the will
of his grandfatiier John Fiichardson, and tlii^
younger John Kichardson dying chihlhss
and intestate, it descended to his sister, Ann
Latimer, as heir-at-law.

John Jiichardson was a iiiember of tiie .As-
sembly for tlie three lower counties, iiow tiio
State of Dcdaware, for the year J 7 10 and
frecpiently afterwards; he also held the ottice
ot Justice of the I'eace and Judge of tlie l*r<j-
vincial Court; he was highly e?teeiiied, ami xi
unblemished reputation.

it is ineiitioned in Smith's History of I'eiin-
.^yhania (Sc'c ilaz/ard's JJegisterj that "'a
monthly meeting of Friends was held iu a
pi'ivate lioiise the '1<\ of .'] mo. ICiSO, and was
composeil of Frieiuls living in the said town,
and near Christiana and While Clay Creeks
an<l the east of the Brandywiiie, and con-
tinued to be held at Xew Castle till the 1st
month, Ki^T, when it was moved to Xewark,
and held at Valentine irollingsworth, Corne-
lius luup^on, and .Morgan Derwitt's for the
ea^<' of the iiK'iiiiiers thereof, until the year
1704, at which time it was mo\ed to the cen-
tre, and held by turns at New ( 'astle, .Vewark
and Centre, and sometimes at tlii' lioii-e of
.John Kichardson; this continued until 1715."

'i'lie marriage certificate of John Kichardson
and .Villi Ashton is still preserved, and is an
interesting and treasured relic. They were
united by Friends' ceremony in the presence
of the parents of each and a numVicr of rela-
tives and friends, all of whom signeil the cer-
tificate.

John Kichardson died Septeiulier -1, 175'),
aged seventy-six years, and was interred at
Xew Castle in the family burial lot. lie had
twelve children: I. Idizabeth; II. Josciih;
III. Kobert; lY. Susanna; V. Sarah; VI.
Ann; VII. :\Iarv; VIIT. KeI.ecca; IX. John;
X. Kichard; XI.' Hannah; XII. Jane Kichard-
son.

His will is dated "the 20th day of the 12
mo, ealied Decenilicr, 1752," with codicil, dat-
ed ''the (llli day of August 1755," and it is
a long and carefully ])re])ared d<icument.
Careful jirovision is made for his children,
married and single, but as no mention
is made of liis wif(> she had e\-idently
died before him. He i-liowed some dis-
]ileasiire towards one of bi~ daughters in
these words: "And as my daughter Ilanna,
who has lately married Thomas (5 ray, con-
trary to my desire or con^'iit, and for her dis-
obedience she shall have but two hundi^'d
jioiiiids, to be pai<l her two year> after my ile-
cea^e, and not before, or to her cliihl if slio

(1 CO )>I.

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124

IIIOUHM'HICAL excyclophdia

should have any at that time, (if she should
be doiid), paid by my executor, and she is
hereby utterly barred frtuii any more of my
estate whatsoever."

His personal estate, "agreeably to a decree
settled in chancery, October -J'.i, 175!!," was
valued at .t'."52,44() ti s. Id. A iioimd was valued
at $2.G(>, Pc^nnsylviiuia cunciny, makinji' a
total of $SO,300'.

'J'he real estate it is not possible to esti-
mate, but from his will it must have amount-
ed to six or eight hundred acres of land, ex-
clusive of his jiroperty in the town of Xew
Castle. Ibit he states in his will that his iiro-
perty was "chietly personal." Land then was
\ery cheap. 'I'iiis was considered a large
estate in that day. lie appointed his two
sons, liobert an<l Richard, his executors, and
by them the provisions of the will were car-
ried (.Hit. Thero were h>\\Y witni'sses to the
will; Thomas Gilpin, Abraham Dawes, Jona-
than Itumford, and Edward Dawes.

Ann, the wife of John Itichardson, 2, the
above decedent, was the daughter of Robert
and Klizabeth Ashton, and was born in Lin-
colnshire, England, August 5, IGSO. Robert
Ashton and his family emigrated in eomjiany
with a nundier of Friends. They sailed from
Ifnll ifarch S, IGSO, in a ship named the
Sliorel, John ITowell, master, and landed at
Xew Castle in the fifth month following.
Soon after that event, Uolicrt Ashton ]iui--
chased a large tract of land of William Penn,
on St. George's creek. I lis daughter Sarah
imirried Rartholomew \Vvatt, of Salem
county, Xew Jersey, in IGtXi. 'i'hey had two
children, Rartholomew and Elizabeth. The
first, born January 4, IGUT, married Elizabeth
Tondinson, of lladdontield, Xew Jersey; and
Elizabeth, born June IG, 170G, married
Robert Smith. The Wyatts intermarried with
the AVistar family of Philadeli)hia. Tradition
says John Richardson, 2, emigrated in the
same ship. This is douljtfnl, though he might
not ha\e eonu> Avith his father, who is be-
lieved to have emigrated in 4GS2, when the
second John was but four years old.

Ann Ashton was married to John Richard-
son July 7, 1704. She is represented as being
a most excellent woman, remarkable for her
benevolence and kindness of heart, partic\dar-
ly to the poor and sick, riding about the neigli-
])orhood with lU'ce.ssaries to distribute among
them. She died April IS, 174S, aged sixty-

seven j-ears, eight months and thirteen daj's.
Her husband survived her more than seven
)ears. The Ashtons, or Asshetons, were na-
tives of Jbisbd, England, or its vicinity, and
cousins of AVilliani Ti-nn. Part of the faniily
became convcrls to the Society of I'riends,
while others reinainc-d members of the I 'hurch
of baighind. Robert Ashton, the fatlier of
Ann, was a Friend. Robert Ashti>n of I'iiila-
delpliia, of the same family, was a member of
the E]>isiM)])al Church, and held several im-
jiortant othces in l'e.nn.sylvania under I'enn's
nciverniiK nt. He has descendants in IMiiii-
delphia at this day.

TniKU (iKXKKATIOX.

Tliis comprises the twelve children of John
•and Ann (Ashtonj Richardson, all of whom
were born at the fanaly residence on Christi-
ana creek, a short distance from Wilmington.
Their names and dates are as follows:

I. Elizai>eth, b. Septendter 4, 17Uo; died
January 15, 17o4, unmarried.

II. Joseph, b. October G, 170G; died iu
Philadelphia, Pa., Xovember 17, 177U, aged
sixty-four years, one month and eleven days,
married in 1744 to Sarah, daughter of William
:\Iorris, of Trenton, X. J., and sister of Will-
iam ]\1 orris, Jr., who married Rebecca Richard-
son. Sarah (.Morris) Richardson, died ag(.'d
twenty years, in about a year after her mar-
riage "to Joseph Richardson, soon after the
liirth of their daughter, Sarah Richardson.
He never married again. In his younger
(lavs, Jcjscph Richardson, in connection with
ills father's business, ac(piired a knowledge
and taste for mercantile affairs, making fre-
(pient voyages to the West Indies in charge
of the cargo. During his alisence on one of
the vovages, his father built a lunise for him,
at the' place mentioned in his will as "Snug
Hariior," about half a mile further up the
Christiana creek than the paternal residence.
On Joseph's retiu-n, he declined living in it,
stating his determination to settle in Phila-
delldiia. The hous--' had then progressed so
far as to be roofed In, but was never finished,
and was known In the neighborhood as
'•Richardson's Folly," or the ••Follv House,"
and from this circumstance the ''Folly
"Woods" nearby obtained its name. The cel-
lar and foundations were to be seen until they
were excavated bv the Philadelphia, AVil-
mington and Paltimore Railroad Company,
their road pa-"--ing over the site. J(iseph car-
ried out his intention of settling in Philadel-

I 'm;

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STATE OF DELAWAHE

1-25

jiliiii, luTiinie a inercliant there, and by tlirift
and industry acquired a large fortuuc.

111. Ixuhirt, second sou of John and Ann
(AshtonJ Kieliardsou, was burn ilay 31, 1708.
He married Sarah Sliipley, of Wibuingtcu,
Uetober 0, ITjO, aiul died June 18, 1701.
Sarali, his wife, \s'as born May 23, 17'jy, and
died June ^8, 1703. They had four children,
i. ElizaTietli, ii. John, iii. ilary, and iv. Ann,
surname liicliardson. In his early life Robert
RichardxiU was connected in the shi})ping
bu^iul■^3 with his father; he inherited the real
estate of his parents on the Cliristiaua, excejit-
ing that part left to his son John. After his
marriage he resided in AVihnington, engaged
in the mercantile business. He had his place
of business at the foot of Orange street, and
resided on the hill on West street between
Third and Fourth streets. After the deatii of
his fatiier in 1755, he rGnioved to the old
family numsion on Christiana Creek, lie was
about removing to Philadel|iliia when he dieil.
Sarah, wife of Kobert Ivichardson, was tlic
daughter of William Shipley, one of the
fo\iu(lers of Wihniugton, and his second wife,
Flizalietli, daughter of Samuel Levis, of
( 'hesler (now Delaware") county, Pennsyl-
vania. Elizabeth Levis Shipley was an emi-
nent nuuister in the Society of Friends (see
.■-ketcli <jf William Shipley in this work) at
that day, and on her death bed in 1777, just
after the battle of Brandywino and the cap-
ture of Philadelphia, when all chances seemed
against it, ]irophesied the success of the Ameri-
cans and the achievement of their inde|)en-
ileuee. Her projihecy attracted much atten-
tion at the time, found its way into the ncw.s-
luijiers and was commented on, but was general-
ly ridiculed bythePritish ami Tories. William
Shi])ley removed to AVilmington in 173(5. His
second wife, Elizabeth Levis, at the time of her
death, was eighty-seven years old, having been
a niiiuster in the Society *of Eriends for sixty-
three years.

IN'. Susannah, second daughter of John
and .\nn ( Aslitou) Pichardson, was born Octo-
lur lit, 171U, married Peter Payard, of Tio-
hcmia, Maryland (date unknown), died Xo-
veiidur I'll, 1700. The tinu' of her husband's
death i- unknown. Their children were Ann,
Su.sannah, John P., and Elizabeth Payard.

V. Sarah, third daughter of John and ,\un
(Ashton) Pichardson, was burn July 9, l71-_',
married Dr. John Einnev about 1712, and

died August 15, 1772. The tune of Dr. Ein-
iiey's birth is not known, lie died ^Luch 22,
1774. They had four children, none of whom
survived their parents. The following inscrip-
tion is found on a head stone in the Pichard-
son family lot in the Eriends' burying grountl,
New Castle: "Here lies depositeil the body of
.lohn, son of Dr. John Einney, and Sarah his
wife, who departed this life the lUth of Jan-
uary, 1753, aged four years and two months.
Also the remains of his three brothers, who
died in their infancy." Traditi'ju says Sarah
Finney was the belle of that generation of the
family.

VI. Ann, fourth daughter, of .lohn and
Ann (Ashton) Pichardson, was born May 1,

1714, married Col. William Armstrong about
175S, and died February 20, 17t>!». They had
no children. They owned and resided on the
property since b(>longing to William Armor,
and more recently to the late Samuel Canby,
in Christiana hundred, Xew Ca-tle comity,
near Ih'andywiue Springs. After her hus-
band's deatii, she resided in Wilmington, tD
the time of her death, on the east side of
Shijiley street, about half way between Third
and Fourth streets. William Armstrong was
a )ncmber of the legislature of the State of
Delaware for the years 1742-3-4-5, and proba-
bly oftener. The time of his birth and death
is not known; he was aliye in 1775.

YII. .Mary, fifth daughter of John and Ann
(Ashton) Pichardson was horn December 22,

1715, and married Peter Peeve in Philadeh
l)hia,inthesi>ring of 1772. She died Xovcm-
ber IS, 179S, aged almost eighty-three years.
They had no children. They resided in Spruce
street, Philadcliihia, in a home owned by De-
borah Wharton. Peter Peeve had been a sea
cajitain, and survived his wife a few years,
being eighty years old at the time of his death.
His will was proved Octoher 24, 1800. In it
he leaves many legacies; among them he de-
sires "my niece Sarah Wahi, (only child of
Joseph Pichardson), to accept £10, to ]air-
chase a piece of plate in rememhrance of her
many kindnesses to me." IMary removed from
Delaware to Philadelphia about 1707, and
lived with her^ widowed brother Jope]»h, until
his decease, after which she married Captain
Pee^c, late in life.

YTIL Pebecca, sixth daughter of John and
Ann f.Xshton) Pichardson, was born June 22,
1717. She was married twice; fir~t to Jo-ejih

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1-2(3

BlOdHAl'llIOAL EXCYCLOI'J-JDIA

Peters, sou of Thomas Peters, of Philadelphia,
l-'ebruary 13, 1741. Her marriage certiti-
cate is recorded in book of iiuirriages of New-
ark(uow Keiniett)Monthly Meeting. Thomas
Peters eaiiie to AVilmiugtoa hy eertitieate ni
removal, from J'hiladelphia .Miuitliiy .Meeting,
June 21), 1740, and was disowned liy ]S'ewark
[Monthly ^Meeting, for arming a merchant ves-
sel, (Jetuber 3, 1748. lie carried on the mer-
cantile business in Wilmington, ilie date of
his death is not known, but he was alive
February 11, 174li, and ailyertised in the
I'cnnsyhania iiazeile a long list of mer-
ehandise imported from Pondon, wliieh lie
olTered at wholesale or retail, ''very reasonable
for ready money, or short (U'edit." Kebeei'a
Piehardson's second husband, William .Morris,
was a native of Trenton, X. J., son of ^^'illiam
[Morris, and grandson of Anthony .^^orris, of
JMiiladelphia. They were married in l''riends'
[Meeting, at Wilmington, October 5, 17.")!'.
His sister, Sarah Morris, had married her
brother, Joseph Richardson, in 1744. Wil-
liam [^^orris also was engaged in the mercan-
tile business at Trenton, and afiei'wards at
AVilmington. He and his wife resided at the
southeast corner of [NFarket and Front streets,
in that city. He advertised in the Pnni'iiiJ-
ranla Gazette, in 1740, as follows: "To be
sold by William ]\rorris, Jr., at his store in
Trenton, good rnm by the hogshead, and salt
by the hundred bushels, or less quantity, at
Philadelphia price, and freight \\\i from
thence." [Nfrs. Pebecca [Morris died in Wil-
mington Xovendier 2.3, 1773, in the fifty-
seventh year of her age. The date of her hus-
band's death is unknown. She had no chil-
dren hy either marriage.

TX. John, third son of John and Ann
(Ashton) Pichardson, was born October H,
1718, and died April 18, 1737, unmarried.
He was assisting William Finpson, a neigh-
bor, to raise a barn, and was killed by the
falling of a piece of tindjer.

X. Pichard, fourth son of John and Ann
(A.shton) Pichardson, was born June 9, 1720.
He married Sarah, daughter of Fdwaril and
Flizabeth Tatnall, of Wilmington, and grand-
daughter of Joseph and [Nfary Pennock, of
[Nrarll)orough, Chester county, Pennsylvania,
April 24, 17GG, at Friends' [.Meeting in Wil-
nungton. He died September 10, 1797, in the
se\'enty-tlilrd year of his age. Sarah his wife,
was born in Wilnungton, August iil, 171."),

and died there at the corner of French and
'J'hird streets, September 0, 1834, aged eighty-
nine years and live chn's. On this corner, and
probably in the same house, the celeljrated
■l)r. .loiin -McKinly, a lirother-iii-law, had li\ed
and died. Sarah (Tatnallj Picharilson lived
with her daughter Ann, aftt'r her husband's
death, and sur\i\ecl him thirty -seven years.
Pichard Jiichanlson, resided previous to and
at the time of his marriage, in a brick house
standing near the Paltimore Poad, one mile
and a half from Wilnungton, and near the
bridge over [Mill Creek, his sister Jane living
with him, and keeping house for him during
his single life. He carried on the milling
business, in a mill that stood between the afore-
said brick house and the road. He inherited
this mill, with the adjacent land, from his
father. Pichard Pichanlsun also had a Inikery
in which he manufactured ship bread. Ilis
curious old null stood until 1835 or ls3i). It
was a line storied biulding, \yith basement and
hift, hip-roofed, and was run by an ovei-shot
whecd cf twelve or fourteen feet. The firstmill
ever ((instructed on [Mill Creek was of the kind
called a tub, having the water wheel, which
was hiirizontal, at one end of a perpendicular
shaft, and the null stone at the other, situated
larther up the creek, near where Stidham's
Pun comes in, and was propelled by the fdrce
of the running water without much if any
dam. It originally lielonged to four persons,
one-third to Jonas and Gisbert Walraven, one-
third to John Sinexson, and the other third
to John Pichardson, who ]nirehased the other
t\V(i-thirds in 1723 for £13 each, or .$t;i).l(i for
both shares, whi(di also included seven teen acres
(if land. At this primitive mill, the pcr<(in in
charge was in the habit of ])utting five or six
b\ishcls of c(irn into the hojiper in the morning,
setting the nnichine in motinn, and then g'ling
to his ploughing or other W(irk, returning at
noon to give the liop])er another sujiply. 'I he
ujipcr stone had a pin projecting upwards from
its surface, which, with I'very revolution, -hook
a few grains from the shoe into the stones to
be groiuid.

The second mill, before referred to, Wduld
now also be regarded as of very sim|ilc con-
struction. The tide then flowing into Mill
Creek ascended as high as the mill, which wa-
at its head, the creek being navigable for small
vessels, thus affording facilities for briiiuiug
grist by water. The biiliing of meal was done

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/ t. ,:, .) -.//

STATE OF DELAWAUE

127

by haiul, and the writer lias heard liis father
=ay, that wheu a buy, lie Uaed to bo set to tiiru
the bolting elotli, and that when he bueanie
tired and vexed with the job, he used to wliiil
it around su fast as to send the Hour out at thu
end uf the cloth with the bran, so that llie work
had to be dune ovyr.

At the lime of the lievulutionary war, a
regiment of American soldiers encamped on
the oj)|]osite side of the creek, just lucvious
to the battle of lirandywine, often visited tlie
mill, and being mischievously disposetl, would
throw chunks of fat pork, part of their rations,
into the eye of the millstones, to be ground up
with the grain, saying, as an apology, that "the
mill wanted grease," thereby spoiling the meal.
These suldieis also stole everytliing edible that
they could lay their hands on, robbing the or-
chards, hen-roosts, and gardens; taking the
])ies and bread out of the oven on baking days.
They were so troublesome about the house day
and night tiiat -Mr. liichardson otfcred to the
cuinnianding oHicer a bed in the house, which
he accepted. "His lodging there had the ctl'ect
of kce])ing them away at night. Fur many
years afterwards there remained the mai'k uf a
musket ball, shot through the kitchen door
by one of these soldiers, bci^ause the family re-
fused to let him in at night. As it was ex-
pected that the battle of Brandywine wcndd be
fought in this vicinity, after the landing of
General Iluwe, at Elkton, being in the direct
course to Philadelphia, !^[r. Tlichardson and
fannly removed to !^^arlborougtl, in Chcstir
County, for safety, thereby putting themseh'cs
immediately in the route fif the Britisli army,
which they had attempted to avoid.

The present grain mill was built by the
grandfather of the author in the year l7^^(,
and the old one abandoned; he also built the
present saw mill, as well as the fine old sub-
stantial stone house on the same premises,
which will compare favorably Avith any other
in its neighborhood. It was built in 17G5, and
though it has stood considerably more tlian one
hundreil years, appears likely to endure for
as many more years. This niansiun, with the
niill-aii<l propertyin the A'icinity, is now owned
by Samuel IJichardson grandson of Tficliard
llirliaivbdii. TTis children were: i. .Tose]"ih,
ii. •Toliii, iii. Elizabeth, iv. "Ricliard, v. Ashton,
vi. .\iiii, and vii. John Tlichardson,

XT. llauiiah, seventh daughter of John ami
Anil (.\-htoii) TJichardsnii, wa- born Septem-

ber 10, ITi'l, and was married twice; tir^t to
Thomas Ciray, aliuut 1701 ur iloJ; and,
second, to Francis Johnson. '1 he time uf this
marriage caiiuut lie accurately tixcd. She was
-Mrs. i'rancis <Iuliu.-oii, in ITtJiJ; how miicli
sooner is not known. .\s regaivis her lirst
marriage, her father says in hi.- will, made iu
December, 175:i, that she was "lately married
to d'homas Gray," from whence the date abovo
is obtained. Gray probably died some time be-
tween "October, 17r)()," and "^farch, 1759,"
as he signed a receipt at the first date for part
of his wife's legacy, and she herself at the lat-
ter date for the other part of it. Eut this i.s
not jiositive proof of his being dead at that
time. She died November 11, 17S7, in the
sixty-seventh year of her age. She had no
children by either marriage.

Xll. Jane, eighth daughter of John and
Anna (Ashton) liichardson, was born Febru-
ary 1, 1727; married the celebrated Dr. John
]\[cKinly between 17(U and 17GG, and died
July IS, ISOo, suddenly, while sitting in her
chair, in apiiarcnt good health, of apoplexy
or jniralysis, at the age of seventy-eight years,
live months ami .-seventeen days. They had
no children. An exhaustive biograidiical
sket( h of Dr. ]\rcKinly will be found in an-
other part of this work. lie was the first presi-
dent (govenior) of Delaware after the 1 >ecla-
ration of Independence, was captured by the
British after the battlj of Brandywine and
kejit a prisoner niitil a year later, when ho
was excliange<l and returned to his home iu
AVilmington. Uc died August ol, 17'.><;, and
was buried in the First Presbyterian diurch-
yard, Wilmington, wdiere his tombstone,
bearing an appropriate epitaph, may be seen.
As his widow, who survived him about nine
years, was buried at Xew Castle, it is prob-
able that she was living with relatives there
at the time of her death.

FoUliTH (lEXERATIOX.

Sarah Bichardson, only child of Joseph and
Sarah (Morris) liichardson, was born in Phila-
delphia, August -J-I, 17Ui; married Xicholas,
son of Nicholas and Mary Wain, :\lay 22,
1771, and dieil in Philadelphia, April 13,
lSi\"», in the se\enty-ninth year of her age.
Being her father's only child she inherited a
large estate.

Xicholas Wain was born at F'airhill, near
Philadelphia, Seoteniber Pt, 1712. llo

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128

BIOanAPllICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

studied law, and became eiuineiit at
the bar, but following liis eouvic-
tioiis of duty, abandoned the profession and
became a prominent minister of the Society
(.it Friends. Jle died at his home on >Soutli
Second street, Philadelphia, which had been
the residence of his wife's parents, September
i\), ISlu, aged seventy-one years and ten
davs. Xicholson and Sarah ( Itichardson)
Wain had issue: I. Joseph; II. William; III.
Nicholas; IV. .Mary; V. Jacob.

('llII.DIJEX OF HODERT AND SaUAII (ShII'I.Ky)
JilCIIAKDSOX.

I. Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Robert ami
Sarah. (Shipley) Kiidiardson, was born in Wil-
mington, Xovend)er 10, iTol; married
Charles AVharton, of Philadeli)hia, son of J<j-
seph and Ilaniuih AVliartou, October 22, 17TS,
and died in that city jNTay 22, 1782, leaving
no issue.

II. John, only son of Kobert and Sarah
(Shipley) Ixichardson, was born October 2:!,
ITa.T, and died at his home on the Xewport
Tioad, two and a half miles from AVilmington,
■\vliicli lie inherited from his grandfather
wlien he was a child about eighteen months
old. Oil the night of Xovember 2;5, ISOO, he
was found dead in his bed, luning died, it is
sujiposed, of apo])lexv. lie was unmarried.
'I'he homestead afterwards became the jirop-
erty of his nephew, Henry Latimer.

III. ^lary, second daughter of Robert and
Sarah (Shipley) Richardson, was born in \\'il-
mlnaton .March 10, 17r)S; died Se])tembcr
7, 17'.>,"i, unmarried.

W . Ann, youngest daughter of Robert and
Sarah fShi|)lev) Richardson, was born in Wil-
mington, August 3, 17^10; nian-ied Dr. Henry
Latimer, uf Wilmington, February 20, 1781),
and died in that city ISTovember 2C, 1838. Dr.
Latimer was born April 24, 1752, and died
December 10, 1810. Ilis tombstone may bo
seen in the First Presbyterian ehurchyard
Wilmington. They had issue: i. Sarah; ii.
John R.; iii. ^lary R.; iv. Henry; v. James
Latimer.

C'u II.DKKX OF PeTFR AND SuSANNAII (RlCII-
ARDSOX) PaVARP.

L Ann, the date of whose birth and deatii

arc uiikiKiwii. She married - Scott

(time unknown), and hail one daiii^hter, Alar-

tiia Scott, who committed suicide when
young on account of unrecpiited hjve.

II. John It. Payard, burn 17o'J, died in
17.">G, unmarried.

III. Susannah Payard, date of birth and
death unknown. .Married Jonatlian Smitli;
date not known. Ohildren: John, Mary,
Samuel, ami Susannah Smith.

I \'. Flizabeth liayard, born Januar}' 20,
17 — ; married John luxlgers, Alarcli li),
1772. She is mentioned in the will of her
grainlfather, John Richardson, who left her
a legacy; her name was then Rodgers. They
had two children, Dr. John R. P. Rodgers,
and a daughter named Susannah, who mar-
ried Rev. Dr. Tennant. John Itodgers, the
husliand of Elizabeth Payard, was born in
Poston, ^Vugust r>, 1727, ami died .May 7,
lyil. Ilis parents came from Londonderry,
Ireland, in 1721, and removed to Philadel-
jihia in 1728. He was converted by the
preaching of Whitctield, on the court house
steps at night in Philadelphia. Passing near
the |)lace,with a lantern in his hand, he stopped
to listen, and became so absorbed in the dis-
course that the lantern fell from hi^ liaiid
and was dashed to jjieces. He became a noted
minister of the Presbyterian church, and
in the division of that denomination, which
took place during his lifetime, in Peninyl-
vania, took the ])art of Tennant. A biograph-
ical sketch of Iicv. Dr. Rodgers may be seen
in Websti'r's History of the Presbyterian
( 'hiirch in America.

('lllLDRKN OF Rk'IIARD .VXD SaR.MI (T.\TX.\LI.)
RiCII.VRIlSOX.

I. Joseph, eldest son of Richard and Sarah
(Tatnall) Richardson, was born at :\lill Creek,
February lit, 1767. He married Ann, daugh-
ter of (ieorge and Thomazin SiJackman, of
Wilmington, at Friemls' Meeting in that city,
J>ine 10, 1803, and died December 24, 1833.
lie inherited the jiroperty at ^lill Creek, and
resided there all his life. His wife was born
December 28, 1777, and died in Wilmington
June 23, 1842. They had issue: i. Jane; ii.
Samuel; iii. Sarah; iv. Thomazin; v. Edward
T. ; vi. Jose]ili; vii. Cieorge.

IT. John, second son of Richard and Sarah
(Tatnall) Richardson, was born ?\lay :W,
1709; died Jaimarv 7, 1773;

111. Kli/abeih, t'-ld.-t d:nightcr of Rh-h-

81-1

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STATE OF DHLAWARE

129

anl and Sarah (Tatiiall.) riicliartlsoii, was lioni
at Mill Cirek July 20, 1771; iiian-ied Saimul
Stroiul, son of James Stroud and Ann, his
wife, of Wilmington, October 29, 17S1I, and
died Xovendier 5, 1847. Her husband died
in \\'ihnini;ton in 1S;52. They had issne: i.
Ann; ii. Mary; iii. Edward, iv. Sannud; v.
Sarah U.; vi. James Stroud.

IV. Kiehard, third sou of Hichard and
Sarah (Tatuall) Kichardson, was born in
1774; died iu infancy;

V. Ashton^, fourth son of Richard and
Sarah (Tatnall) Richardson, was born at ^lill
Creek, May .5, 177G. lie married ^lary AVood,
daughter of Robert and Elizabeth A\'ood, and
granddauchter of Joseph and !Mary Wood, of
I'liiladelphia, in the Friends' ^Meeting House
that then stood on the south side of Pine street
below Second, in that city, June 5, 1807. lie
died at his residence, Ashley farm, on the Pial-
timore road, near the i)lace of his liirth, Au-
gust 10, 1852. Ilis wife was born in Phila-
delphia April 1, 1785, and died at her resi-
dence in Delaware February 1, 185.3. Their
children were: i. Richard; ii. Robert W. ; iii.
Elizabeth; iv. ifary; v. Sarah; vi. Hannah
\\'.; vii. Lucy, viii. Ashton Richardson, and
three othei-s who died in infancy;

VI. Ann, second daughter of Richanl and
Sarah (Tatnall) Richardson, was born at ^lill
Creek October 20, 1778, and died at the resi-
dence of her brother Ashton, unmarried, July
9, 1845. She resided iu AVilmingtou with her
nujther after the death of her father, and con-
tinued to live there, keeping house by herself
after her mother's death, in 1832, being only
temporarily at her brother's at the time of her
decease;

VII. John, fifth son of liichard and Sarah
(Tatnall) Richardson, was born at ]\lill Creek
J)iue 18, 1783; married ilargaret, daughter
of Josejdi and Sarah Paxson, ]\[ay 11, 1813,
and died in AVilmington September 30, 1859.
He resided most of his life at Rockwell farm,
near the place of his birth, building the house
he occupied there, soon after his marriage.
They had iss\ie: i. Sarah T. ; ii. Anna; iii. Wil-
liam P.; iv. Elizabeth; v. ]\rary, vi. John; vii.
Joseph P. Richardson.

FlKTlI ClE.NER.VTIO.V.

Cuii.iiUKN OF Nicholas a.m) Sahah (Rru-
auuso.n) Wai.x.
1. Joseph R., born August N, 1773, di(;d
December 13, 1782; 11. William, born .March

10, 1775, died iu lS:i5; married .Mary Wil-
cox, had live children; IU. Nicholas, born
October 4, 1778, died July 4, 1849, uiuiiar-
rlcd; 1\'. Jacob S., born August 19, 1785,
died June 30, 1847.

CiiiLDKK.x OF Dk. II<i;.xhv and Axn L.vtimkk.
I. Sarah, born , died 1828, unmarried;

11. John R., born December 10, 1793, died
January 18, 1805, married Elizabeth Kei)ley,
of Philadelphia, no issue; III. ]\lary R., born
July 29, 1790, died August 8, 1871, unmar-
ried; IV. Henry, born .May 21, 1799, died
1822, married Sarah .\nn Bailey, and had six
children; A^. James, born January 2(), 1802,
dieil 1837, unmarried.

ClIII.IJKKX OV Jo.SEI'H .VXD AnX (Sl'ACKMAx)
RiCII.VKDSON.

I. Jane, born June 5, 1805, died Oetobei^

II, lb39, married Samuel S. Poole, of Wil-
mington, June 15, 1837, no issue; II. Samuel,
born November 11, 180G, died October 14,
1841, married Susan Robinson, of Wilming-
ton, who died July 18G5, left six chihlren;

III. Sarah, born February 4, 1808, died De-
cember 25, 1839, unmarried; IV. Thomazin,
born Novend>er 20, 1810, date of death un-
known; V. Edward T., born June 7, 1712,
died February 19, 1877, married Hannah
ilasdeii, May 20, 1841, no issue; VI. George,
born January 29, 1810, married Sarah "Wools-
ton, I^Iarch 13, 1845, had three children, his
wife died December, 1877, date of his death
not known.

Children of Samuel and Elizaheth (Rich-
ardson) Stuoud.
I. Ann, born Decend)er 10, 1795, date of
death unknown, married, December IG, 1820,
Stephen Pancoast, of Delaware county. Pa.,
and had six cliildren. Her husband died De-
cember 15, 1873, in Philadelphia; II. Mary,
born October 21, 1797, died April 20, 1821,
she married Stephen Bonsall, of Wilmingiou,.

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130

BIOGIiAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

no issue; III. Edward, boni January Ji>, ISUU,
died in 1821, of yellow fever at llavauu, un-
married; IV. Sanuiel, born January 20, ISO-'i,
died October 2, 1X00, married -Mary E. Jones,
of Wilmington, had five children; Y. Sarali
IJ., born June 21, ISOO, died June 21), ISTT),
married, iS^ovcniber 4, 1S;50, Jesse ^Meuden-
liall, of Wilmington, and had iive children.
Her husband die<l November 15, 1852; YT.
James, born August 23, ISll, date of death
unknown, married, February 10, 1835, Han-
nah Ford Hedges, of Wihningtou, and they
hail eight children. His widow died Decem-
ber 24, 1SG3, in the iifty-second year of her
age.

C'lni.DiiEX OF AsuTON AND ^Iarv (Wood)

IvICHAUDSOX.

I. Eiehard, born April IS, 1808, married
Hannah White, of Philadelphia, no issue, and
dates of death unknown; 11. JJoljert AV., born
Jidy 0, 1810, died January 7, 18(59, married
June 17, 1847, Elizabeth ii. Hulnie, of Bris-
tol Pa., no issue; III. Elizabeth, born .August
28, 1812, died June 14, 1807, married, A! ay
14, 1835, William Hodgson, of Philadelphia,
liad two cliildren; IV. ^^fary, born February
20, 1815, date of death unknown, married
June 21, 1867, Thomas AVistar, of Philadel-
])liia, no children; her husband died January
10, 1870; \. Sarah, born April 5, 1S17, died
jSTovember 11, 1876, married, June 10, 1841,
Joseph Tatnall, of Wilmington, and had
twelve children; VI. Hannah, born May 23,
1811), date of death unknown; \\\. Eucy,
born October 3, 1824, married, April 15,
1852, John Ti. Tat\un, of AVilmington, and
had six children; VIII. Ashton, born Febru-
ray 21, 1S30.

OniLDRKX OF John and ^Iaroarf.t (Paxson)

RiCnARDSOX.

I. Sarah T., born February 15, 1815,
died June 18, 1801, married, January 24,
1850, Edward T. Bellach, no issue; II. Anna,
born August 11,1810, date of death unknown,
married, October 0, 1842, Joseph Pringhursr,
of Wilmington, had three children; III. Wil-
liam P., born July 22, 1818, married, Febru-
ary 10, 1805, ]\rary W. Forst, of Bristol, Pa.,
110 issue; IV. Elizabeth, born Ma.y 19, 1820,
married Xovember 9, 1853, Joseph C Turn-
penny, of Philadelphia, no issue; A', ^fary.

born IJeceniber 31, 1821, married June 22,
1S43, Charles Warner, of Wilmington, has
two children; \'l. John, born February 2,
1>24, married June 12, 1850, .^^artha An-
drews, of Dariiy, Fa., has three children; VII.
Joseph 1'., born December Hi, lSi;5, married
-November 13, {^:a\, Sarah Andrews, of
Darby, Pa., has seven children.

The genealogy of this remarkable and his-
torical family might be continued down
through the si.\th and .seventh generations,
which would bring it to the present time, but
the foregoing must suffice. A decline in the
number of niale luenibcrs will be noticed,
which, if continued during the next half cen-
tury, will end the line. This is remarkable,
when it is remembered how prolific the faiii-
il}' was one hundred vears ago.

Van Dyke.

Hon. Nicholas Van Dyke, for so many
years representing the State of Delaware in
the United States Senate, was born at Xew
Castle December 8, 1770, the eldest son of
Nicholas Van Dyke, one of the governors of
the State. He entered upon his collegiate
course at Nassau Hall, Princeton, then under
the direction of the celebrated Dr. AVither-
spooii. After the normal period he graduated
with honor, and in a short time began the
study of law under the direction of Hon. Iven-
sey Johns, and was admitted to practi<-e in
1791. \Vithiii a short period he married, and
having but a slender patrimony, applied him-
self with the utmost diligence to the duties
of his profession. He rose rapidly and at-
tained high distinction as a lawyer. He be-
came a member of the House of Bepresenta-
tives of Delaware in 1799, was transferreil to
Congress in 1809, and in 1815 was elected to
the Senate of the State, taking his seat at the
January session in 1810. In 1817, 'Wv. Van
Dyke was elected to the United States Senate,
and from that period until his death he con-
tinued to be a nieinber of that honorable body,
with the intermission of but a few yeaiN. He
was very attentive to his duties, and when
called on to give his views on questions of iiu-
portancc, was distinguished by clean and im-
jiressive powers of argument, united to an easy
and persuasive eloquence. His health finally
broke down iiiuler the severe strain of his

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STATE OF Dh' LAW A HE

131

olHcial diitii's, and las disease assuiuiiig an i
acute form, lie sutfered greatly. J a tlie s]uiii^
of I^l'O he sliuwed signs of rm)id decline and
was only able to reach home with ditiicults'.
lie lingered until May 21, ISi^tJ, when he ex-
pired in the lifty-seventli year of his age.

hief justice of Pennsylvania, and died at Lan-
caster ill .\farch, 1!S17.

.Jasi'eu Ye-vtks.
Jasper i'cates, grandfather of the distin-
guished jurist of the same name, was born in
York-hire, England, and died near Xew Castle,
Delaware, in lT20. When quite ii young
man he emigrated to the West Indies, but
did not remain there long, lie came to I'eiin-
sylvania soon after William J'enn. >Cot long
after his arrival he married C'atlierine, daugh-
ter of James Sunderland, the elder, lie was
one of the early settlers at Upland, and l)ouglit
in lOUT a tract of land lying on Xaamaii's
Creek. There he built and lived in a jilaiii
iiiansiiiu, which was still standing a few years
ago, and was long regarded as one of the ven-
erable landmarks of early times, lici'ause it
was afterwards owned by Mi"s. JXdjorah
Logan. lie also built a null on the creek, in
Urandywine hundred, and at the same time
erected a granary and store house, and car-
ried on an extensive business for the time.

As larly as lOOG, ifr. Ycates was admitted
to a seat in the Provincial Council of Pennsyl-
vania, and in 1700 he was elected a rei)resen-
tative of Xew Castle county in the (ieneral
Assembly of the province; after the separa-
tion of the lower counties on the Delaware, he
was clioscii a representative and speaker of the
Assembly. In 1701 he was appointed by
AVilliam Penn one of the four burgesses ■>(.
Chester, and 1703 he was elected chief bur-
ge.ss. lion. Jasper Yeates Avas evidently poj)-
iilar as a iniblic official, for from 1707 to 1710,
and from 171 7, until the time of his death, he
served as chief justice of the three Delaware
counties under the colonial and state govern-
ments. It is a source of regret that .so little
of the early history of this iiromincnt and re|)-
resentative citizen of Delaware has bei'n pre-
served. His death occurred before ]\Iay 2.
1720, as his will was probated at Xew Castle
on that date. Col. John Fren(di succeeded
liim as chief justice July 25, 1720. He had
."several children, and his grandson, Jasocr,
born in Philadelphia, April 0, ni.", became

C.vi'TAi.N JunvAKU liuciu:.

Eilward Poclie, who became a prominent
citizen of Delaware in early ilays, was born
in County Cork, Ireland, April lU, 17o4. He
was a son of Lawrence Poche and -Mary,
(daughter of James Manning), his wife. Ac-
coi'iling to family records, the father of Ed-
ward lioclie was of Preiich descent, emigrated
from Ireland to this country soon after the
birth of his son, and settled in X'ew Castle
county. Here his son grew to manhood and
became one of the best known j)ersonages in
the State of Delaware in the past century, as
well as in the early jiart of the present one, by
rca.sou of his public services. He served all
through the Pevolutionarv war, being com-
missioned second lieutenant in Colonel Hall's
I 'elaware regiment of the Continental Line,
April 5, 1777, and made paymaster of the
regiment, September 10, 177f^. He was in
both noi-thern and southern camjjaigns and
was taken prisoner at the battle of Camden, S.
C, August 10, 1760, and paroled to the close
of the war.

On his return home Captain Roche settled
in Wilmington and there spent the remainder
of his life. On A])ril 18, ISOU, he was ap-
l)ointed a notary public and justice of the
peace, and held the office for nearly twenty
vears, being so commissioned in 1807, and re-
commissioned in IS 11 and 1821. He was also
second burgess of Wilmington in 1806. His
))lacc of residence was at No. (lO ^larket street
in 1814, though he doubtless lived at other
])laces in the meantime. Captain Poche died
A]iril T), 1821, and was buried in the historic
graveyard of Old Swedes' Church, but the
spot where his ashes repose is now unknown.
In former times his grave was marked by a
stone, which has long since fallen and been re-
moved.

Cajitain Poche was also treasurer and secre-
tary of the original Delaware State Society
of the Cincinnati from its organization in 1783
to its so-called dissolution in 1802. The last
certificate issued by authority of the society
ftlie transfer of Colonel Allan "McLane to the
Pennsylvania Society), bears the signature of
Edward Poche as secretarv. He was engaged

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132

BIOGRAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

-ivitli other j^i't'iiiiiieiit citizens in inuiiidtiug
works for the public good of Wihniugtou, iiu-
tiibly in the iimcnring of a water supply from
"Cool Spring." Jle was, in I^Ol', one of the
officers of the "^'^eteran Corps of Delaware,"'
composed of officers and soldiers of the Kevo-
lution, and also of its re-organized suecessdr as
a "N'eteran I Tome Ciuard" for the defense of
Wilmington during the war of \^\-l. .

Captain Ifoehe was an orator of no mean
ability; his discourses before the Delaware
Cincinnati at Dover, in 1791, and at AVil-
niington on February 22, ISOO, in eomniemo-
ratiou of the death of (Jeneral Washington,
prore his eloquence as well as his i)atriotism.

From the genealogical collections of Cap-
tain Bellas it is learned that Ca|)tain Koche
was married to Flizabeth Brinckle April 1,
17S2, in Ked Lion hundred, by Ivev. Samuel
Aiken. She M'as born in I7ii2 and died in
181 S, having preceded her husband \>y three
years. They had issue as follows:

T. George Edward, died in infancy; II.
Eliza Maria; III. Edward Jirinckle, born
March 6, 1787. He married ^laria Gurney
and they had issue: i. Francis Gumey, born
1812 and died 1892; ii. James, died" 1879,
leaving no issue; iii. and iv. two daughters,
one of whom married ilr. Cromwell, but had
no issue, and the other died unnnirried. Fran-
cis Gurney Koche (Xo. 1 of this family) seiwed
in the Confederate Army from 18G1 to 1805.
He married Amanda Payne, of the ilethodist
Church, in Tennessee, and had four sons and
five daughters; IV. James jranning, born
April 5, 1791, died January 11, 1855. lie
married Ann Cornelison, and had issue, i. Ed-
ward Manning, bora [March 30, 1815, died
1889, married Hannah Hedges Conaway, of
Wilmington, and they had two sons and five
daughters; ii. James Lawrence; iii. George
AVashington; iv. Ann Eliza, born November
20, 1823. married ^fr. Larzelere and had two
daughters, one of whom niamed Leon C. lioss,
of Tahlequah, C'herokee iSTation, Indian Ter-
ritory, and the other, Kate A., William A.
Duncan, the present representative to Con-
gress of the Cliirokees. ^frs. Larzelere still
survives, with an intellect unim])aired. The
commission of Captain Roche, as justice of the
peace, is said to be in the hands of ifrs. Lar-
zelere, his granddaughter. Ca])tain Tfochc
also had four <1aughters: INrnrictta, Annette,

Euuna, first and sec'und, all (jf whom died un-
married.

•Manning lirinckle, the uintli and youngest
child of Captain Jlochc, was lioni Di-cember

5, 1790, and married . He died in 1847,

leaving two sons, John and Kdwani. The latter
died without issue. The father of these boys
became a ndnister of the Protestant Kpiscopal
(Church, but later in lite adojitcil the medical
lu'ofession, and practiced in A'ew iJedford,
.Mass., whither he had removed from I'liihidel-
phia.

It is said that the jMirtrait and swoid of ( 'ap-
tain Poche — the latter forujerly belonged to
a Hessian officer — are now the j)roiierty of his
great-grandson, William Ford Poehe, of Mc-
A^eytown, Pennsylvania. His certificate of
membership in the Society of the Cincinnati
is in the po.ssesion of his great-grandson, Sam-
uel S. Poche, of Xa^hville, Tennessee.

Governor Xatii.vxiel AriTOiii;i.i,.
Xathaniel Mitchell, one of the early gov-
ernors of Delaware, was an ardent patriot and
distinguished soldier and officer of the Pevo-
lution. He was born in 1753, at, or near, what
is now Laurel, in Sussex county, Delaware, son
of James and iLirgaret (Dagworthy) ]\Iitchell,
and nephew of Gen. John Dagworthy, of Del-
aware. Little is known of his early life or op-
j)ortunities for securing an education. He was
commissioned adjiUaut in Col. John Dag-
worthy's Delaware battalion of militia in
1775; captain in Cul. Sanuiel Patterson's-
Delaware battali(m of the ''Flying Camp,"
from June to December, 177G; captain in Col.
William (irayson's Additional Continental
regiment, January 20, 1777; major in the-
same regiment from December 23, 1777, when
he was transferred to Col. iSTathaniel (iist's
Additional Continental regiment, April 22,
1779. He was brigade major and inspector-
to (ien. Peter ^[ulileulierg, 1779-81. Petired
from service Janiuirv 1, 1781, jirisoner of war
1781, and paroled.

]\Lijor Aritchell was a delegate from Delawire
to the Continental Congress in 1780-88, and
governor of the State from 1805 to LS()7. (See
sketch of the governors). He was a delegate
to the general meeting of the Society of the
Cincinnati at Philadel]ihia in ^fay, 1787. He
died at Laurel, Delaware, Februarj' 21, 1811,.

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STATE 0[< DELAWMU':

1:35

and was buried in the cemetery of the ulJ
J!n/;i(l Crick lOpisfopal Cluireh, near that
ti.wii. Maj'ir .Mitfiu'll left descendants, but
little is known of tlieni or of his wife.

Many interesting reminiscences of tlie life
and cliaracter of this ardent patriot have been
preserved, litit after such a long lapse of time
have abun.^t bi en lost sight of. In a fragmen-
tary cupy <if "The C(jnstitiitionalist, or tiie
Defender of tlie People's llights," published
September lH, 1804, is found a long tribute
tu Ids memory, by "An Old Otficer," from
\\hi<ii muidi that is interesting is gleaned.
This writer says that he was not one of those
iiKMlcrn jiatriots, noisy and boisterous after
(hingcr has passed, who sheltered thcmsehes
in hiding places and courted the clemency oi
'tiieir foes; nor was he one of your wild entlm-
siasts wiio thought that the Americans knew
nothing about freedom, and that it waa* a
iicjtinn imjiorted into the coimtry by foreign-
ers, y^o; he was one of those men who fought
and sull'ered for his country; who was a true
friend in its most perilous moments; who be-
lieved that his countrymen knew what liberty
was, when they wasted their fortunes and shed
their blood to procure it.

'1 his same writer relates some events in his
career as an ofticer in the army, which shows
the material of which he was made. In 1770,
when about twenty years of age, he foi-sook his
family and the improvement which ho was
making, to Hv to his country's standard to aiil
in defending the right, -lie first joined the
''Flying Camp" and the regiment was sta-
tioned at Amboy and remained till the time
for which the men enlisted had expired. Dur-
ing this period freipient skirmishes between
otir troops and the British and Hessians took
jdace. On one of these occasions Captain
Mitchell particularly distinguished himself.
A body of the enemy was sent over to attack
our outposts. Captain ^fitchell happily dis-
covered the enemy approaching. He rallied
his company, and although he had a smaller
number of men, he succeeded in caj)turiiig
nearly the entire detachment of British and
Hessians.

^Vhen the force composing the "Flying
Cam))" was discharged Captain ilitchell was
commissioned captain of a company in the re-
giment directed to be raised by Congress, and
til be cummanded bv Cohjuel (Iravson, "f

\'^irginia. A warm friemiship existed between
him and the N'irginia colonel. Cajitaiu
Mitchell addressed himself to the work of re-
cruiting the company he was to command,
and so great was his zeal and activity that his
(piota of men was secured long before the re-
giment could be formed. In 1777 they were
marched to I'hiladelphia, where they remained
till the}' were inoc'idated for the small pox,
L jjon the recovery of the men they proceeded
to camp, and, (Jrayson's regiment not ha\'ing
jciined tlie army, they were attacheil t,, the
Delaware troops. .\s soon as hi- own regi-
ment arri\-eci, Captain ^Mitchell wa-- uniteil
to it, and his company fought gallantly at the
battle of lirandywine. Jlc wa> freiiuenlly
seen encouraging his men, and lira\ely ex-
posing himself, among the foremost, to the
tire of the enemy. He greatly endeared him-
self to his men by his anxiety to secure and re-
move the wounded.

Xot long after this affair Captain .Mitidiell
was prostrateil by a <laiigerous illnes.-,, sup-
])osed to be camp fever, which redu<-ed him
to great extrendty, and from which he reco\er-
ed slowly, owing to the hardships and jtriva-
tioiis of eain|) life. He was in this condition
when the battle of Ciermantown took place,
and was therefore unable to take jiart in that
engagement.

Captain ]\litchell .shared the horrors of the
rigorous winter at N'alley Forge when the
American army lay there, watching the Bntisli
in l'liiladeli>hia. During that terrible season.
Captain ilitchell was entrusted with highly
important duties. He was placed at the head
of a company in General Scott's brigade, with
ordei-s to gmu'd a dangerous outpost, and was
constantly exposed to great danger, as the com-
manding general depended on him for infor-
mation relating to any movement on the part
of the enemy, so that the camp might not be
surprised. He was also frequently called on
to make sudden and dangerous incursions into
the country to surprise or watch foraging de-
fatehments of the British, which made his
duties at all times full of peril.

At the battle of ^lonmouth, he was in the
advanced guard undi'r the command of Gen-
eral Lee, who attacked the rear of the Bntish
army in their retreat across i^ew Jersey.
Di)on this occasion, Colonel Grayson com-
manding the brigade, the command nf the re-

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BlOan. 1 1'lIlC. 1 L ENCYCLOPEDIA

giiiiL'Ut was giveu to Captain J\lilL-hc'll. It was
exj)osed to tlie hottest tire of the enemy, and
by a desperate resistanee against a liea\y
column oi tlieir army, atlorded time lor tiie
Ameriean troops to form, wiiieli were ad-
vaiieing hastily under an iminrssion that tiie
enemy Wiis retreating. The regiment sus-
tained a heavy loss in this engagement, but it
nobly maintained the reputation of the
Ameriean arms.

At the end of the New Jersey campaign,
the Virginia troojis, to which Captain .Mitchell
belonged, were ordered to the southward. In
the winter of 1779-SU he was appointed bri-
gade major and inspector under Ceneral .Muh-
lenberg; and in the succeeding summer he
was stationed at Fredericksburg for the juu'-
pose of j)romoting and superintending the re-
cruiting service. Having raised and organized
a regiment at Chesterheld Court House, he
recei\ed from Congress the commission of
majtu'. It was about this time that Ceneral
Leslie invaded Virginia, committing great de-
predations throughout the country. .Major
^litehell was ordered to join General ^luhleu-
berg, and received the appointment of adju-
tant general. (Jeneral ^Muhlenberg marched
into lSutf(dk, and during the campaign was
employed in watching and repelling the in-
cursions of the British from Norfolk. The
country was greatly benefited by this service,
tliough it afforded no occasion to the troops
to distinguish themselves.

AVhen Arnold invaded Virginia in 17S1,
wasting everything with fire and sword, ^Fajor
^Iit<-hell was appointed to the command of the
ad\'ance guard, which op]"ised the advance I'
the Thitish army, "^rhis haudfid of men fre-
quently engaged with the enemy, and nearly
one half was killed or wounded. Tie succeeded
Iiowever, in cutting off several marauding-
parties, making a nundicr of prisoners.

An anecdote of ]\rajor iritehell ought not
to be forgotten. Early one morning, being
at the head of a scouting party, the ])rinci|)al
object of which was to gain intcdligi-nce, be
came \\\) to the farm house of a ])oor wi<l<]W,
whose husband had lately fallen in battle, and
found her l>atlied in tears, witli several snndl
children crying aliout her. lie incpiired into
the cause of her distress, generously offering
any relief in his power. She tohl liiin a party
of British had just left her home, and had
plundered her of everything met ^sary for the

subsistence of iier family, leaving her no fooil
for her children, and she knew not how to pre-
vent them from .narving. "'Be of good cheer,"
replied the .Major, "and i will try and niak.j
the plunderers restore to ycjii tlieir liooly."
ile instantly pursued, and lortunalely soon
came up with the l»arly, consii^ting ot about
twenty men, who being encumbered with the
pillage of -e\-eral houses were able to move but
slowly, ile fell too suddenly upon them to
allow any to escape; and they were marched
back to the widow's with their st^den goods.
The poor woman was desii'ed to name the \)V^)-
perty that belonged to her, which wa^ imme-
diately restored; and for any article uussing
the plunderers were compelled to pay the full
value. 'J'he major left the liou^e with the
lirisoners, loaded with the blessings of the
widow.
• When the British had returned from Peters-
burg, he was ordered to throw a bridge of boats
over the Appomattox, to remove and secure
a quantity of llour, which was in danger of
falling into the enemy's hands. A party of
militia was stationed to cover the operation.
'I'he duty committed to the major was of the
most laborious uatiu'e. From the small force
allowed for its accomplishment, the ser\iee re-
(pnred incessant attention, and no diligence
was s]iared to i)erform it. In the night, how-
ever, between the loth and 11th of ^May,
17S1, the militia having neglected to guard
their posts, the British were enabled to siu'-
juise the major and his party, and captured
liim together with IMajor ilurc and six other
otticers, who reniained prisoiu^r^ luitil tlie
treaty of ])eace was signed.

^Tajor ^rit(diell ever enjoyed the rejuitation
of an a<'tive, brave and euterpi-isiug officer,
lie was always among the foremost ujiiui dan-
gcrniis occasions, and his operations were con-
ducted with e()ual address ami courage, lie
was a strict disciplinarian, but while be was
exact in requiring attention to duty on the
jiart of his men he was careful to su]^]dy their
wants, au<l to i^rotect them from every species
(d' outrage and inju-tiee. Tlis conduct always
uiaiufested his warm attachment to the inde-
pendence of his country, and before the un-
foi-tuiuite event which threw him into the
■[wwer of the enemy, ami for which he was not
answei-able, no evertidii was omitted which
could jironuitc the Bevolutionary cause. Tf
other men were in higher stations and enabled

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STATE OF Di: LAW ALE

137

tu reuduriuorecouspicuoudbervices than Aiajor
Aiitclicll, it cauuut be said that tlicy were uioro
zcaloUi and faitlil'ul iu tbe discharge uf tlieir
duties.

ill reviewing the military history of this
brave and etheieiit officer, it may be mentioned
as a singuhir historical fact that not far from
the spot where he was captured by the Jiritish
in the month of May, ITSl, eighty-four years
iifterwards all that section of country border-
ing uii the Appomattox, was the theatre of
tremendous military operations, which culmi-
nated in the surender of the Confederate army
under Cleneral Lee to Cieneral (Jrant, and the
greatest civil war of modern times was
brought to a close.

iSome time after the close of the licvolution
!Major Xathabiel Mitchell was married, but it
is greatly regretted that the maiden name of
his wife has not been preserved, nor is it known
how many cliildrcn, if any, they had. .Vbout
this time he was appointed prothonotary of
tSussex county, Delaware, and entered ujion his
duties with the same alacrity which marked
his military career. His othce soon became
remarkable for the orderly arrangement jf
court records, his diligent attention to public
business and the prompt execution of all his
duties.

AVhcn Major Mitchell was named as a candi-
date fur governor of Delaware, the people
generally n'cognized liis fitness for the posi-
tion, and his nomination was well received.
The country was sparsely settled at that tliiio
and i^olitics did not enter into contests for of-
fice tlicii as sharply as they do now. He en-
countered some opposition, of course, but was
triumphantly elected and entered upon the
duties of his office in January, 1805. His
administration was quiet, but marked with the
same diligence, method, and carewhich charac-
terized him while performing the humbler
duties of protlifuiotary; and he retired from
its cares with the consciousness of having per-
formed his duty to the best of his ability and
leaving behind a clean record.

The private life of Governor ilitchcll, as
wo learn from contemporary writers, was un-
exceptionable and exemplary. He had the
easy gentlemanly manners of an old time offi-
cer who had mi.xed much with the world. 1 lis
hand was always stretched out to every honest
mnu, Mithout regard to dress or a])pearanec.

The integrity of his character was iiiiblem-
i>hed, and calumny never ventured to attack
it.

(JoVJiKNOU liKXJNETT.

Capt. Caleb i'rew JJennet, who served as
the first governor of Delaware uiuler the con-
stitution of 1831-3^', was born in the southern
part of Chester county, Pa., near the state
line, November 11, 1758, and died at his home
in Wilmington June 11, lb3(j. His father,
Capt. Joseph Bennett, was a shipping mer-
chant and owned and sailed a merchant vesssl
to India; and he was the jirst man who brought
the first umbrella ever seen in Wilmington.
He gave it to L^dia Ferris. On the next trip
he brought one to ^liss Betsy .Montgoinei-}',
and one for his daughter ^lary.

Captain Bennett married Mary Boone, a sis-
ter of JJanicl Boone, who is claimed by Ken-
tucky as her great hunter. Boone was a Penn-
sylvaiiiau by birth, and he and his sister ilary
both had birthrights in the Birmingham
Friends' Meeting, of Delaware county, Penn-
sylvania. J\rary Boone married Johnson, who,
at one time, owned all the property on West
streets, Wilmington, below Third, adjoining
what was known as the Warner property,
where Joseph Bringhurst rebuilt.

Cai^tain Joseph Bennett purchased and took
possession of what was known as the old West
jiroperty, Wilmington, November 11, 1758,
the day on which his distinguished son was
born. I'lie property came to his mother, !^[ary
(lilpin. Captain Jiennett is represented by
early writers as a very handsome old man. He
stood six feet in height, and his general appear-
ance was striking. He wore low shoes, silver
knee and shoe buckles, long silk stockings,
white kid brccclies, blue coat, brass buttons,
ruffled shirt bosom, and powdered hair, which
was done up in queue.

^lary (Boone) Johnson was a member of the
Society of Friends; her remains were inten-ed
in the burying ground at I'lfth and West
streets, Wilmington, by the side of her son.
Governor Caleb P. Bennett. She is repre-
sented as being one of the most talented women
of her day, well read in law, one of the most
independent women of the age. She frequent-
ly attended courts and read or imbibed la^v,
which her capacious mind drank in like rivers

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138

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

of water. The tccluiical tenus were stiulicJ,
and she was familiar witli all the quirks and
quibbles of attorneys. With her it was a per-
fect mania to be involved in lawsuits. As a
landholder, she \va3 often qualihed and would
enter the office of any noted lawyer and tell her
story, but never to offer a fee. When the
courts werr in session at -New Castle, she fre-
qui'Utly attended them and with papers in
hand wouhi enter the court house with the
contidcnce of a chief justice, and plead her
own cause. "And this she did in the day of our
most i>roniinent lawyers of Pennsylvania and
Uelaware. She was long remendjered in AViK
niintiton for her ability and knowledue of the
law.'

Caleb Prew Bennett was about three years
of age when the fannly removed fr<im Chester
comity, Pa., to AVilmington, which was in
ITiil. His father, Capt. Joseph Bennett, was
so impressed with the importance of the ques-
tions which resulted in the war of the Bev<ihi-
tion, and was so patriotically inclined, that he
induced his son to enter the ranks when he
was scarcely seventeen years of age, to fight for
liberty. At the commencement of hostilities,
he joined one of the comi)anies forming Colo-
nel Haslet's regiment of Delaware State
troops and served one year in the lanks as
private and as first sergeant, and joined the
nuuu army in Xew York in 1777. lie was
comniissidned ensign in Capt. Thomas Hol-
land's company (Haslet's regiment). Conti-
nental Establishment, April 5, 1777. He was
with his Company in the detachment under
General Sullivan in the attack on Staten Is-
land. On the 11th of September following
he took part in the battle of Brandywine,
which was fought within a few miles of his
birth]dace; the sound of the cannon eoidd bo
heard at the home of his father in AVilming-
ton. He was present with his company at the
battle of Oermantown in the capacity of ser-
geant and was slightly woimded. This en-
gagement occurred Octolier 4, 1777; the
Delaware regiment suffered severely, losing
in killed and wounded seven out of thirteen
officers, and about one-third of the privates.
Captain Holland, his captain, was among the
killed.

Sergeant Bennett proved himself so brave
and capable a soldier that on August IG, 1778,
he was commissioned second liiMitiuant, and
in April, 1780, was promoted to the rank of

first lieutenant, and served in the companies
of Captains John ifhodes and William Mc-
Kennan to the close of the war. In ilav, 1778,
Tieutenant Dennett joined Ceneral \Vashing-
ton at \'alley Porge, and .spent the winter
there. It was while stationed here that he was
witness to a strange, yet impressive, ceremony
in the life of the great commander. One
Sunday the Kev. John (Jano, a Baptist minis-
ter and chaplain to one of the regiments,
jireai-hed a very powerful sermon. (Jeneral
Wasiiington was among his hearers. On Mon-
day, when he met the cluqilain, Washington
demanded baptism by immersion at his hands.
\ few days afterwards thi'v went to the Porge,
when AVashington remarked: ''Here is water,
what doth hinder me from being baptizecH"
The ceremony was performed in' the presence
of about forty pei-sons, Lieutenant Bennett
being one of tho number. Knowing that
AVashington was an I'^piscopalian, this inci-
dent nuide a deep im])ression on the mintl of
the young sohlier.

Pieutenant Bennett was present at the bat-
tle of ]\Ionmouth, as well as at other engage-
ments in Xew Jersey. In April, 1780, his
com]iany was assigned to the detachment com-
manded by Baron DcKalb, and ordered south.

ILning arrived in South Carolina, active
operations were immediately commenced, and
on the lltli of August was fought the memor-
able battle of Camden, where we find Lieu-
tenant Beniu'tt, with his comi)any, in the
warmest jiart of the engagement, 'i'lie brave
Baron DeKalb, after being mortally woumled,
dictated a letter expressive of the gallant con-
duct of the troojis innncdiately under his com-
mand, and particulai'ly the Delaware reginu-nt,
which was in the thickest of the fight, and en-
tirely cut to ])ieces, losing nine officei-s and
siiven companies out of the nine of which
it was compo.sed.

After this disastrous affair Lieutenant Ben-
nett was sent home to Delaware to rai.se re-
cruits, and in 1781, with one hundred and
twenty men, he joined the Prench troo])s at
Anna]iolis, and proceeded to Yorktown, whii-h
was besieged. In the last crowning success of
the Ameri<'an army at this point. Lieutenant
Bennett bore a consiiicuous part, conunanding
the left battery of the .\merican force on the
day when Lord Cornwallis surrendered his
army t<> Washington.

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STATE OF DELAWAIiK

130

After this brilliant acliievciuent at' tlie
Aiiierifau anus, Lieuteuaiit lieniiott juiiieJ
(u'lural Greene in South Carolina, anil re-
mained in tlie acti\'e service of his eoiintry till
jieaee was ileelareJ and the army disbanded,
'liiey left the southern field in October, 17b^
for home. AVhen the war ended and indepen-
dence had l>een secured, Lieutnant lieiniclt
was oidy' twenty-five years of age and had de-
voted eight years to tlic service of his country,
enduring the severest hardships, with a cuni-
jiensation iiardly sutHcient to meet his ex-
j lenses. '

AVhen Lieutenant Bennett returned to liis
home in Wilmington he settled down to the
♦piiet vocations of life and went to work witli
a will to cultivate the arts of peace. He was
active, industrious and enterprising, and took
much interest in the politics of the times. In
tiie meantime lie married, but the name of his
wife has not been preserved. In ISUT he w.is
appniiittd treasurer of Xew Castle county, tln'
ihitics iif which ottice he discharged witli
pn>ni]itness and fidelity till the fall of IMoL',
a peril ul of twenty-five years; he finally re-
linciuished the ortice on being noniiiuited for
Ciovernor of Delaware. On Xoveniljer i:!,
1S32, he was triumphantly elected the first
Jackson governor of the State. This import-
ant ottice he continued to fill with honor to
hiiust'lf and credit to the State till the day of
liis deatii, June 11, 1S3G. Dying before tlie
exi)iration of his term, the acting governor-
ship (h'volved on ex-Oovernor Charles Polk,
then ]iresident of the Senate.

^Vhen the war or 1S12 broke out, the nnir-
tial sjiirit of the old soldier was at once aroused,
and we find him again in the military service
of his country. Promoted to the rank of ]\ra-
jor, he was appointed to the command of the
forces stationed at New Castle, and remained
in the service until peace was declared. Few
of the veterans of the Revolution saw longer
and iiarder service. lie particijjatod in all the
imjiortant battles of the Tie\'olution and was
thrice wounded. "Wlien he died he was the
last surviving officer of theDclawareLine. ITe
became a member of the Society of the Cincin-
nati, and served as assistant treasurer of the
Delaware State Society in 17i)!). TTis certifi-
cate of meudiership in the Cincinnati is now
in the possession of his grandson, Calvin Smith
T'cnnctt, residing near Xatc'liez, .Afississipiji.

As migiit have been expected, the deatli of
the ex-governor and veteran soldier, although
at the ripie age of seventy-eight years, caused
a profound sensation; and especially in his own
city were the expressions of sorrow most mark-
e(L lie was a kind and atVectionate husband,
a tender and indulgent parent, an active and
useful citizen, and above all a jiatriot whose
devotion to the welfare, prosjjerity and inde-
pendence of his country knew no bounds and
felt no sacrifice too great in its behalf.

The Ad.viis Family.
Daniel Jenifer Adams was born at Port To-
bacco, .Ah!., in 1750, and died in 17ti(J. Ac-
cording to Captain JjcUas, the genealogist, the
father of Daniel was Josias Adams, l)0rn in
170U, sou of Francis Adams, who was born in
Charles county, ^[d., in IGSO. Francis Adams
married -Mary, daughter of Cleorge Godfrey,
and besides Josias, they had five sons, George,
Abednego, Samuel, Francis, and Ignatius.
Josias, the eldest of these six sons, married
Ann Jenifer; their children were: i. Daniel
,)enifer, as stated above, bom in 1750; ii.
KH/.alieth ^lason; iii. Anna Adams.

Daniel Jenifer Adams, at the commence-
ment of the Revolution, was commissioned a
first lieutenant in Captain Pezin lieall's In-
dependent Company of ilaryland militia
(Jan. II, 177(;); an<l afterwards appointed
briiiade-nnijor to Geniral Beall of the :Mary-
land "Flying Camii;" August -11 to DccenJjer
1, 1770; commi~>ioned ^Major of Seventh
ilaryhmd lugiment of the Continental Fs-
tabli'shment, April 1, 1777, and resigned
June 8, 1779. He ^^•rved after the war as
brigadier general of Delaware militia and as
shcritt' of Xew Castle county, Delaware,
where he then resided till his death, X'ovcm-
ber 2!), 17911. lie is buried in Old Swedes'
churchyard in ■\Vilmington, where a large
tombstone is placed over his remains. lie
was an original member of the Delaware
State CinciTinati Society.

^Fajor Adams married Xancy Hanson, of
Kent county, Delaware, sister of Lydia Han-
son, wiio married Colonel Xchemiah Tillou,
brother of Surgeon James Tllton, and had is-
sue (surname Adams):

I. Daniel Jenifer, Jr., born ;

was married twice. By tl>e first marriage he
had one daughter, lie married, secoml, Pru-

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140

BTOGRAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

deuce Moore, of Pbiladelpliia, December 10,
1802, and had one son. Both of his cliildreu
died unmarried.

II. Josias Hanson, born ; mar-
ried Hannah JMoore, of Clarioinirg, AVcst Vir-
ginia, and had issue: i. Daniel, ii. Jenifer, who
left no issue, ii. Preston, who left three daugh-
ters, iii. Alexander Hanson, who died unniar-
' ried.

III. Elizabeth, of whom no record has been
found.

I^^ Alexander Hanson, died unmarried.

\. Susannah Hanson, of whom no nronl
has been found.

VI. ]\Iaria, no record.

VII. Thomas Jenifer, Jr., born February
11, ITOU, died m ISCS; was married twice.
Fir.>.t, to Isal)ella, daughter of James and Ja-
net Xilgore Bogie, of Scotland, who was born
iu 1S02, and died in 1857; they had issue:
i. Janet, died in infancy, 1822; ii. Isabella
Hanson, married General .Tames Tilton, of
Delaware, her second cousin, who was tlie
grandson of Colonel Nehemiah Tilton, of
I)elaware. They liad issue: 1. Francis, 2.
Edward Gibson, 3. Bayard, and 4. Howard
Tilton; iii. Alexander Hanson, married Hes-
ter Tiebout, and died in 1880, they had iss\ie:
1. ]\Iary Jenifer, who married Ed-
wards, and died without issue, 2. Charles
Breck, born 1859, and married (1885) Jennie
Andrews and has issue: Hobert Andrews,
Helen ^{., Charles Breck, Jr., and an infant
daughter; iv. Charles Jenifer, married
Sarah Jennings and had issue: Adele, who
married Lieut. II. il. Witzel, V. S. X. ■
V. Janet Xilgore, married Thomas l!
^loore and had issue: 1. Isabella, 2. Harriet,
3. Bichanl; vi. Howard Jenifer, manned Eli-
zabeth Flint and had children: 1. Elizabeth
and 2. Charles Jenifer; vii. Harriet Buchanan
married Bobert Andrews and had issue: 1.
Jane, 2. Ella; viii. Thomas Jenifer, died in
1842 and is buried in Old Swedes' church-
yard.

Thomas Jenifer Adams married second,
^rary A. Jennent. She was born in 1815, and
died in 1887. She was the widow of TTcmT
AVaples, son of AVilliam and grandson of Capt.
Samuel Wa])les of Accomac county, Virginia,
and of the Ninth Virginia Continental Line,'
who died in 1834. There was no issue by the
secn.l marriage. :Mrs. ^\. A. (Jeniient)

Adams is buried in the Old Swedes' church-
yard, "Wilmington.

HeNKY L.VTl.MKR.

Henry Latimer, an early and prominent
citizen of Delaware, was born at Newport,
New Castle county, in 1752, son of
Hon. James and Sarah (Geddes) Latimer.
After receiving a primary education he com-
menced the study of medicine in Philadelphia
and completed the course by graduating at tlie
Medical College of Ediuburg, Scotland. Be-
turning home, he practiced his iirofession in
AVilmington, until the breaking out of the
Bevohition. After seeing some held service
he was, in 1777, commissioned surgeon in the
Continental army, and attached to what was
called the Flying Hospital. Dr. Latimer's
services were in constant demand; he was with
the army in all the battles iu the northern
department from Brandywine to Yorktown.
"When the war ended in 1783, he returned
to the practice of medicine in Wilmington.
He was elected a member of the State Legisla-
ture; also to Congress from 1793 to 17'J5; but
before closing his last term as a member of the
House of Be])resentatives, Ite was, iu 1704,
elected United States Senator frour Delaware
for one term. After a hmg and honorable life,
he died December 19, 1819, and was buried in
the graveyard of the First Presbyterian
church, "Wilmington, where his tondjstone
may be seen. He left descendants. His son,
John B. Latimer, succeeded him as a member
of the Society of the Cincinnati, in Pennsyl-
vania, in 1821, and after filling a number of
minor offices became vice-president of the
society in 1854-55, and president in 1855,
which position he held until his death in 18C5.

WirxiAM ]\IcIvEXX.\N.

William ]\lcKennan was born in Christiana
hundred. New Castle county. His father
was a clergyman, and preached at what is still
known as ^IcKennan's ;^feeting House. Soon
after the beginning of the Bevohition,
William ]\IcKennan was commissioned second
lieutenant in Capt. Thomas Kcan's coni])any.
Col. Samuel Patterson's Delaware Batallion (if
the Flying Camp, June or July, 177(); seeond
lieutenant. Colonel Hall's Delaware reoiment.

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STATE OF 1) FLAW Ml h:

Ul

Continental E.-tublislinient, Koveniber :.'!),
1770; fii-st lieutenant, Captain Learmontii's
and Patten'ri eonipanies, same regiment April
b, 1777, and February, ITbO; captain in 1781
and served U> the elose of the war. lie was
present at the siege and surrender of York-
town, anil was in eommand of the Delaware
detachment un its return to his native state in
January, i7>;i. '1 he march was a long and
weary one. J.eaving its headquarters on tiie
Ashley J liver, where it thou lay eucaniiied
and taking ii]) its march via Camden, Saiis-
bur}-, and i'etersburg, tiie detachment crossed
tlie James llivcr at Carter's Ferry, pusiied
on tliruiigh ilaryland, and in exactly tw(j
months alter the date of its departure from
tlie main iSouthern army, finally arrived — and
with what feelings can be only imagined, nut
described — at Christiana Creek, near .Xew
Castle. Here the battalion was cncami)ed
until October of the same year, when it was
permanently disbanded; Captain ]\Ic]\euuau,
then in command, being ai)pointed to settle
and adju>t tiie accounts of the officers and
nieu'of the battalion with the United Statis
Auditor, as also "to issue both certificates f<jr
past serviees as well as land wan'ants to the
individuals claiming, or their attorneys for
them, which duty he performed to the general
satisfaction."

Captain ]\rcKennan was the first secretary
of the ]1claware State Society of the Cincin-
nati, and .=orvcd from 1784 to 1795. This
distinguished and faithful officer dicil in Xew
Castle county, in February, 180:]. IFc left
descendants, among whom is Dr. Tiiomas
^IcKennan, of Washington, Pa., a grandson.

-M.VJOR -ToiIX P.VTTEN.

Jolui T^atten, born near Dover, Ivent-
cijuiity, Delaware, .Vpril 2ij, 174G, sou of
^\'illiam and .\nn Patten, was of Scotch-Tnsh
oiigin. lie was brought uji to the voi-ati<in
of M fiiniicr, and was engagc^d in that pursuit
uhen ihc licvululion began, hubucd willi
ihc Hpli il of iiidr|iendcncc', he lit once look an
aciivc |io,illon in the ai'iuy. On the I'orma-
Ijiin of Capl. .buuilhnn Caldwell's company,
Colonel Haslet's regiment of Delaware State
troojis in Continental service, January 15,
1770, he was commissioned first lieutenant;
senior captain in Colonel TTall's Dclawaiv

regiment, Xo\'eniber ."iO, 177(); and major,
J)eeember 14, 177!). He was taken pri^oner
at the battle of Camden, S. C., August Iti,
178U, and was on paiolc to the (dose of the
war. Major Patten returned to Delaware
after being paroled, but as he had not iiei'U ex-
idianged, he did iKjt rejoin his regiment. Ma-
jc«r Fatten was (dected to Congress in 1785
and servetl two years. Ui)on the adoption of
the United States Constitutiim, he was elected
a mendier of the 'i'liiril Congress from Dela-
ware, and served in 171*.'i-!)4. Subsequently
he was elected to the Fourth Congress, and
served till 171)7. He was diligent and faith-
ful in the discharge of his duties and was lion-
oi-ed by hi.s constituents. Major Patten died
Deeendier 2li, ISOO, in the fifty-fourth year
of his age, ami his a>lies rest in the Presby-
terian Churchyard at Dover. .Major Patten
was the tirst viee-jiresident of the Delaware
State Society of the Cincinnati, and so con-
tinued until elected President in 1709. lie
was also a didegate to the general meetings
of the Society in 1788, 1790, 1791 and 1793,
and took a deep interest in the ])roceedings.
Litth' is known of his family; but he left
descendants who bave kept briglit the lustre
of his name.

CoVKIiXOR Poi.K.

Charles Polk, son of Charles Polk, and the
fourth of the mime in the line of descent, was
born near liridgeville, Xanticoke hundred,
in 1788, and died in 1857. The family was
originally from Scotland, and the name in
early times was written Pollock. The ances-
tor of the family in America settkd first in
ifaryland, but on the termination of the dis-
pute between Penn and Loi-d Baltimore, he
was thrown (Ul the Delaware side of the bound-
ary line, in Little Creek hundred. Charles
Folk had three sons, Charles, John and Jo-
se])h. The oldest of these, Charles, became
the father of Governor (Jharlcs Polk. lie was
a man of mean.s, fiwuing more than one thou-
sand acres of land. In 1791 he was sent as a
delejjate to tile convcnti(Ui called for the ])ur-
pose of forming a constitution foi' the Slate of
Delaware', and was chese-i |ii-e-idehl. Uuriug
the sittings of the convention he was taken ill
and \vas ceimpelle(l to retire to his home, where
he soiui after died. At the time of his death

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142

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

liis son, Charles, was scarcely eight years of
age. This son, destined to heconie one of
the representative men of Delaware, was ten-
derly reared by his mother, and early in life
evinced talents of no mean order. When of
sullicient age, he read law nudcr the direction
oi tile celebrated Kensey Johns, Sr., and was
adnutted to practice, but for some reason
never folluwed tiie profession he had cliosen.
lie went back to the home wiiere he was born,
and where his fatiier had lived and died.

In lylO he went to Milford hundred, Kent
county, where he pnrchaseil a tract of eleven
hundred acres of land, which is still in tiie
possession of his descendants. Before this
time Mr. Polk (as early as 1813) had served
as a member of the Legislature from Sussex
jounty, and in 1815 he was re-elected. In
181C or 1817 he was sent to the Legislature
from Kent county, and in ISIU he became a
member of the Levy Court. After distrharg-
ing the duties of this office to the satisfaction
of the people, he was anxious to retire to jiri-
vate life, but his friends would not consent,
as they had further honors in store for him.
Consetpiently, in 1824, he was hcnt to tiie
State Senate, and chosen speaker.

^Iv. Polk's political course was still onward
and iipward. In 1S2G lie was the choice of
the people for governor, and served three
years. When the convention of 1831 to
revise the State Constitution was called, he
was chosen its president. Soon after the close
of the Constitutional Convention he was, in
1834, again elected to the State Senate, and
on the assembling of the body was chosen
speaker. On the death of Ciovernor Bennett,
which occurred in Juue, 1830, lion. Charles
Polk became, by virtue of his position as
speaker of the Senate, acting governor, and
filled out the term with credit to himself and
the people. But his career of usefulness as a
public servant did not close with his retire-
ment from the chair of state, for in 1838 he
was again elected a state senator and chosen
sjieaker, on account of his ])cculiar fitness for
the office. At the expiration of his last sena-
torial term, he wa.s appointed register of wills
for Kent county, by Governor William B.
Cooper, in 1813, and served f<(ur yeai"s. In
18r)fl he was appointed collector of the ])(irt
of Wilmington, but resigned in 1853, and
died October 27, 1857.

It is seldom that we find a man who is called
upon to serve iiis fellow citizens in more po-
sitions of honor and trust than (iovernor
Bulk, lie ilii'il at bis home in ililford hun-
dred and was luiried in the cemetery of the
Bri'.sbyterian ChurclL at Dover.

(iovernor Polk married .Mary Elizabeth
Pnrnell, of Berlin, .Md., and the union was
blessed with sixteen children, of whom only
nine survived liim, the rest dying young. Of
the nine, four arc yet living. Oik; son,
^\'illiam Alexander Polk, ex-register of wills
for Sussex c(ninty, was a member of the Leg-
islature in 1807, and speaker of the Ibjuse.

Du. James Tilton.
Dr. James Tilton was a native of Kent
county, Delaware, where he was born June
1, 1745. All that is known of his ])arentagc
is that he was the son of Thomas Tilton; the
name of the mother has not been handed down
to us. After securing the best education af-
forded in the times in which he lived, he en-
tered upon the study of medicine and gradu-
ated fr(jm tlie medical department of the Uni-
versity of Pennsylvania, ^L V>., in 1708, and
]\1. D., in 1771. lie early took sides with
the jmtriots who were preparing to throw oil
the ISritish yoke, and when Colonel Haslet's
regiment of Delaware state troops was organ-
ized, young Dr. Tilton was commissioned sur-
geon; he served with the regiment from
January 10, 1770, to December of the same
year, lie was appointed hospital jihysician
and surgeon, Octolier 0, 1780, and served
with the army to the close of the war. On
June 11, 1813, Dr. Tilton was ajipointed
Surgeon General, Dnited States Army, and
honorably discharged June 15, 1.^15, after
the terniinatiou of the second war with Great
liritain. Dr. Tilton was skilled and himorcd
as a surgeon, had the c-outidence of the jieople
and was regarded as (uie of the leailing and.
re])resentative citizens. IFc' |)osscss(>(l a high
order of ability and was tlie author of several
treatises on medical, sanitary, and other sul>-
jects. Although a studious man, he loved
society, and drew around him the refined and
cultivated; he was noted for his hospitality
and good clic(>r, and his friends were always
delighted when in his presence. Dr. Tilton
resided on his estate near Wilmington, and

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STATE OF DELAWARE

143

died tliere -May 14, 1S22, in tlie seveiity-
seventli year of his age. lie was presiilcut of
tlie Delaware State Society of the t'iiiciiiiiati
from its orgauization to 17S)."), aiul ilelcgatu
to the geiK'ral meetings of the Society of tiie
Ciiiciiiiiati from 1784 to 17'J3, when the State
Society ceased to be represented. His in-
signia, presented by General J.afayette, are
now tite ]iroperty of his graiidnciiiiew. Col.
!McLane 'I'iltoii, United States .ATarine Corps.

'J'liE Anderson Family.

Joseph Anderson was born near Philadel-
jihia, Xovember 5, 1757, but nothing is
known of his parentage and ancestry, lie
studied law and was just beginning to prac-
tice when the lievolutionary war brdke out.
He was commissioned an ensign in the Third
iSew Jersey regiment. Continental Estab-
lishment, -May, 177G; second lieutenant,
July 111, 1770; hrst lieutenant, November
21i, 17711; captain, October 20, 1777; trans-
ferred to First Xew Jersey regiment, Conti-
nental J-lstablishment, January 1, 17S1.
Captain -Vnderson was retained in the Xew
Jersey battalion until April, 17S:j. He also
served a> ri'giuiental paymaster from October
i'li, 1777, to the close of the war, and w:is
brevetted major September 30, 178,'). ^lajor
Anderson was a brave and gallant officer and
saw mucli Intrd service. He was with General
Sullivan in his famous exjiedition up the
Xorth lirancli of the Susquehanna against the
Iroijiioi-; Indians and participated in the bat-
tle i>{ "Ibirse Heads," near the present city of
Flmii'a, where tlie Indians were defeated and
their c<infederacy lu'oken. lie was present
at the siege of Yorktown, and witnessed the
surri'nder of Cornwallis. After the war li^
beg;ui the ]iraetiee of law in Delaware; in
17;M was a]ipointcd by President Washington
tei'i'itorial judge of the region south of the
Ohio TJiver, and took part as delegate from
Jefferson county in framing the constitution
fif Tennessee. He was United States Senator
from that State from 1707 to 1815, and acted
as president pro tempore. lie was a]ipointed
the first comptroller of the United States
Treasury in 1815, and served until his death,
in Washington, April 17, 1837.

Fnocli Anderson was born at Xew Castle,
Delaware, Imt the date lias not been preser\ id.

He was commissioned second lieutenant, Cap-
tain Stidham's company, Colonel Haslet's
regiment of Delaware state troops, January
13, 1770. At the battle of Fong Island he
was Wounded. On December 3, 1770, he was
appointed captain; transferred to Colonel
JIall's Delaware regiment, April 3, 1777, and
retired from service in Septendier, 1778. He
died -March 4, 1S2U.

Thomas Anderson was born in Xew Castle
county, but the date is unknown. He was
comnussioned second lieutenant in Captain
Learmonth's company. Colonel Hall's Dela-
ware regiment, September lU, 1778, and con-
tinued to the close of the war. He also served
as quartermaster of the regiment in 1778-
1780. Time and jdace of his death unkninvn.

It is not known whether these officers Ijear-
ing the surname of Anderson were related,
but it is inferred that they were, because of
their liecoming residents of X^'ew Castle coun-
ty, but in what degree it is hard to determine.
They were j)robalily brothers.

The Crow Family.

George and Thomas Crow. In his inter-
esting monograph on the Old Delaware Cluck
Mal-ers, Henry C. Conrad, Esq., informs us
that among the earliest (dock makers in Wil-
mington was George Crow. The first men-
tion of him is in 174C, when he was elected
high constalde of the borough of Wilmington.
He served one year. In 17."),"^ he was elected
one of the burgesses of ^Vilmington, and re-
elected in 1750 and in 1758. AVhere lie was
born and when he settled here' are unknown.
Accoriling to the records of '"Old Swedes' " he
married -Mary Laudonet, in .\ugust, 1740.
-Mr. Conrad is satisfied that he was in the
watch and (dock business ]irior to 1754, and
continneil in Imsiness until his death, whi(di
occurred in 1771 or 1772. He has seen sev-
eral high clocks bearing his name, but none
of them were marked with any date. There
is a deed of record from Gabriel Springer, one
111 the earliest hatters in Wilmington, to
(Jeorge Crow, dated ^March 2ii, 1701, for a
Ikuisc and lot on the west side of Walnut
street just above Spring alley. It is reason-
able to believe that Crow lived in tliis house
and carried (ui his Imsiness there. He o\\nied
also at the time of his death a jn-operty at
1 bird and King streets, and a hirge lot at the

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144

UIOdh'AI'JJICAL EX('y('/j)I>/<Jl)[.[

nurtliwest corner of Tenth and Market streets.
All of las property, after his death, was di-
vided among his widow and fuur children,
who survived him, by a deed of partition,
dated March 22, 1773, made by Dr. Juhn
McKinly, William I'ooh- and IJanerofc
"Woodcock, all of wJiom were leading and in-
Ihiential citizens of Wilmington ai that time.
_ iJr. .McKinly was the first president (gov-
ernor) of Delaware after the Deidaratioii uf
Indejiendeuce^, was captured by the Jiritish
after the battle of Erandywine, antl lield as a
pi-isoner of state for about one year. William
Poole was one of the early and successful
millers on the Brandywine, and tlie father of
a numerous family, of \v\ioin J. Mortem
Poole was one. Uancroft AVoodccx'k was a
noted silvci-smith in AVilmiugton more than
a century ago, and owned the old house on
Eroome street, which for the past forty \ears
has been the Kowland homestead.

Geoi-ge Crow left two sons, Thomas and
George, and two daughters, Sarali (Mrs.
William Xash), and ifary (Mrs. Samuel
Goodman). George Crow, Jr., died prior to
1802. It is not known whether lie left any
descendants. The ])resumption is that he was
buried in the "Old Swedes' " graveyard.

Thomas Crow, who seems to have been the
eldest son of George Crow, 1, succeeded his
father in the clock and watch business, and
very likely learned the trade with his father.
Like him, he seemed to have been in favor
}^"itl^the public, for he was elected town clerk
in 1771,oneof the assistant burgesses in 1778,
1779 and 1780, ami borough assessor in 1784
and 1785. Notwithstanding his willingness
to serve the public in these various modest ca-
pacities, he was a most industrious clock
maker, as is evidenced by the manv clocks
which bear his name. The number of his
clocks now in existence indicates that he car-
i-ied on a large business.

Thomas Crow owned, in 1814, a property
on the south side of Second street, just east of
]\rarket. At the time of his death he owned
a small piece on the Philadelphia turnpike in
Prandywine hundred, near tlie present resi-
dence of William C. Lodge, and this was sold
after his death to i)ay his debts, which seem
to have lieen largely in excess of his assets, the
records showing that while he had no personal
estate, he owed the Bank of Delaware about
seven thousand three hundred dollars- an,l

this snuill farm, which brought only eight
hundred dollars when sold by his adiuiuislra-
tor, seems to have been all the estate which lie
left.

Thomas (h'ow had a wife whose Christian
name was Isabella, but who she was and when
he married her, are unknown. 'J'hey had two
daughters, Elizabeth Ogden, and Ann, wife
of William Haslet, 'j'liomas Crow died about
1824, having survived bis wife. He seems to
have been a member of the Fir.st Presl)yterian
Church; and it is probable that the ashes jf
the old clockmaker repose in the graveyard of
that church on the corner of Tenth and ^^ar-
ket streets, Wilmington.

The Dui-f Family.
Thomas Dutl', says Captain Hellas, the
genealogist, was a large landed proprietor and
a prominent man in public itrt'airs in Chri.-,tianu
hundred, .\ew Castle county, Delaware. The
tiuie and i)lace of his birth are unknown. In
Uoli he was ensign in the Upper regiment
of Xew Castle county militia, lie was slieritf
of the same county in 1703, 171!."'), 17lJ'J and
1770, the terms being for one year each.

In the early part of the Pevolution he was
a major in the Is'^ew Castle county militia and
before the (dose of the war he held the rank
of colonel. The three companies of militia
left AVilmiugton on Decendjcr IG, 177(J, un-
der his comnuind for Xew Jersey, through a
mistake of orders, :^rajor Duti''s battalion did
not participate in the battles at Trenton and
Princeton. An account of a skirmish after-
ward, near Christiana, in Delaware, reported
'ij_l_hp I'ennsylvania (Jazette of September 10,
1777, reports Coloiud Duft' as being wounded
in that engagement.

He was api)ointed justice of the ])eaee for
Xew Castle county after the Pevolution; his
commissions being dated June 30, 17s:i, and
Xovemlier 0, 17!)0. His hou.se was a large
bi-ick mansion on the outskirts of the village
of Xewport, and on the bank of Christiana
creek. It is still standing, but much degen-
erated, having been converted into two cheap
dwellings. He lived there in good style, is
always spoken of as "Esquire," which" title,
in colonial days, was assumed only by |ier.>on~
of distinction. A great deal of land belonged
to him and there is a nundier of deeds reconleil
in A\'ilmini:tou in the uaine nf "Tliomas Duff.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

14'

Esq., of Xewport, iu Cliribtiana lluudred, ami
County of XfW Castle, and Jane, his wife,"
A:c.

Colonel Duff was a member of the vestry of
St. James" ehureli, near ISlanton, as well as in
the ehapel of the same name near IS'ewport,
the uiiieers of both having until reeently been
the same. It is supposed tiiat Colonel Dutf
and his -wife are buried in the ehurehyard at
Stanton, though their graves, like nuiny
others, eannot now be identitied. Jle proba-
bly died shortly after 1S08, as his name
eeases to appear in the records as chairmaii
of tin- vestry, as it had done tip to tliat time.
They had issue, (surname Dull):

L Ann, born _May 24, ITol'; died ,Mareh
10, ITM-'; unmarried.

11. Julward, born ilareh 17, 17^5; died
April 2, 17sij; was surgeon's mate in Colonel
Samuel i'atterson's ISattalion of Delaware
State troops of the "Flying Camp" in 177t>.
lie is also stated to have been surgeon's mate
ill the navy in the following year. By his will,
in 17!5."), he is deseribed as of Northampton
county, Va., where he died.

IIL John, boru 1757; died 1759.

IV. Henry, born June 15, 1750; died
February S, 1785, or 1781) ; was commissioned
ensign in Colonel Kail's Delaware regiment,
Xovember 20, 1776; second lieutenant, Ajiril
5, 1777; tirst lieutenant, jVugust 10, 177S,
and served to the close of the war, when he
ajjpcars to have had the rank of captain, ili;
was one of the original members of the Dela-
ware Cincinnati Society.

V. Jane, born April 15, 17G3; died JMarch
1, 17S.'S; unmarried.

\\. Thomas, Jr., born Septeudier 27,
170i); died 1830; was admitted to the New
Castle county (Delaware) bar as an attorney-
at-law in 1701, and to the Lancaster county
(Pennsylvania) bar in the same year. lie was
clerk of the United States District Court of
Delaware from 1704 to 170C. lie died jirior
to :March 20, 1830, when letters of adminis-
tnitidu wore granted on his estate to Allan
'i'homson.

Henry Dull died September 14, 17tJ2. liy
his marriage he left issue, one son and one
daughter:

i. Kichard, born July 10, 1757. lie was
commissioned second lieutenant of tiie Tenth
liegiment of the I'cnnsyhania i.ine, Decem-
ber 4, 1770; ]ironioted to tirst lieutenant iu
Colonel Patton's Additional Continental lieg-
iment, April 18, 1777. He was reported as a
])risoner of war and m-vcr rejoined, dying at
Jioston, ^Ma^s., pnibably while a prisi^ner.
licference U> him may be found in Pcnusyha-
nia Archives, Second Scries, Vol. X. •

11. Ann Duff, born Xovember 5, 175,s;
died June 29, 1785. She married Captain
William liobcson, of the Delaware militia,
June 10, 17.^4. He died April 2:!, IM.'i.
Tiiey left OHO daughter, .lane, born .May 2S,
1785, who married Allan Thom])son, June
27, 1810, and died February 0, 1^24. Allan
and Janr (Duff) Thomson ha<l i--ue: i.
^Villiam, died unmarried, ii. Ann, married
Villiam Hemphill Jones, and had a son and
a daughter, neither of whom left descendants.
iii. Jane, married AVilliam II. Sangston, ami
had two sons and two daughters, iv. and v.
Henry and ^laria, both of wliom died unmar-
ried.

Colonel Henry Duff was a brother of Col.
Thomas Duff, and married Ann, daugh-
ter of John and Ann Williams, of Pliiladel-
phia, both of whom died in 1747. Col.

IvEV. Joseph Earh.

llev. Joseph P>arr, one of the old time
Prcr^byteilan ministers, was born near Xew
Castle, Delaware, December 4, 1791. He
came of Scotch-Irish ancestry. Ilis father,
Samuel Barr, died at his liome near Xew
Ca.^lh', Deccndier 27, 1820, in the nine-
ty-second year of his age. lie had been .i
menJjcr of the Presbyterian Church for more
than sixty years, and an elder tor over forty
years. His posterity was numerous. He left
children, grand, and great-grandchildren, to
the number of eighty at the time of his death.

Josc])h Barr, after receiving a jirejiaratory
education, entered the University of Pennsyl-
vania and graduated therefrom iu 1811. Ho
studied theology with the Bevs. John F.
Latta and Janu's P. Wilson, D. D., and was
licensed to ])reacli liy llie Presbytery of Xew
Ca=tle in October, lsl2. He itinerated for
six months on the Delaware ))cninsula. In
the fall of 1813 he wa-; ordained and iii-talled
as [lastor of the Xorriton, fuow Xorri-town),

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146

BIOGUA PlIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

aiiJ Providence chiirfhcs, iu M(jiitgouiery
cMunty, Pa. In October, Iblj, lie married
Sarah, youngest daughter of Dr. Alcxaiuler
Porrcster, of Wilmington, J)eh

^Mr. liaiT was an active, jtrogressive young
minister. lie was full of zeal and thoroughly
in earnest in the furtherance of the great
work in which he was engagetl. Through his
energy he organized the church in Xorris-
town and secured the building of a fine brick
church there in ISIO. In 1S17, in addition
to the church, he took charge of the Academy
«t XinTistown and devoted much time to the
educational part of the work. Although of
vigorous constitution at iirst, the work was
too heavy for him, and very soon began to
impair his health. This necessitated a halt
in his labors.

Accordingly, in the si.ring of 1S23, he re-
moved to Lancastei- county, Pa., and became
pastor of the Leacock and iliddle Oetoraro
churches. These were early and important
church organizations and involved much hard
work on the jxirt of the i)astor. Ilowcx'cr,
he labored faithfully and with iintlaggiug
zeal until 1844, a period of twenty-one years,
giving a portion of his time to each congre-
gation, until, iu 1845, he relin(piished the
charge of ^liddle Oetoraro, and devoted his
time exclusively to Leaco<:k. Put tlie ardu-
ous labors of his jiast life had seriously im-
])aired his rugged constitution and he was
forced to seek a still less arduous tield of labor.
In lb40 he accepted a call to White Clay
Creek and Christiana, Del., but a few miles
from the place of his birth, and was installed
pastor of the former church June 2, ]84(),
and of the latter :^[ay 8, 1848. Put bis health
now gave sigiis of breaking, and at his own re-
quest his relations Avith the ( 'hiistiana church
were dissolved October 2, 1849; and on the
23d of October, 1853. his relations \vith the
AVhite C^lay Creek church also were dissolved,
where he preached his farewell sermon the
same day. This was his last sermon, and
he was never able to attend pid)lic worship
again. He died in Wilnnngton, ilay 24,
1854, in the sixty-third year of his age, and
a stone in front of the White Clay Creek
oluirch marks the place of his interment. lie
was ])lain, earnest, active, but unostentatious,
and during his life was noted for his piety aud
zeal in the cause of the ^faster.

TuE AntlCHS Paxiily.

Henry C. Conrad, Esq., in his brochure en-
titled Cld Dchucare Clock Mulicrs, tells us
that the .Vlrichs fandly is one of the oldest
in New (^'astle county, Del. The original
settler was i'cter Alrichs, to wliom land iu
this county (Xew Castle) was patented as
early as l(i(JS. The name indicates Dutch
origin. Peter had four sons, the elde:it being
Peter Sigfridus, who married Susanna Siid-
liam, and had twelve children, among whom
was Jonas Alrichs, who was born ^larch 22,
175'J. Jonas learned the clock making busi-
ness with Thomas Crow, and was the tirst of
the name of .Vlrichs to furnish time keepers
for the people of Wilmington. He succeeded
his instructor in the business in the old Second
street store, and carried it on successfully un-
til April, 17'JT, nhen he retired. Jonas Al-
richs died in 1S02, leaving five children, one
of whom, Thomas C. Alrichs, was for many
}cars a useful and influential citizen of Wil-
mington.

Jacob Alri(dis, a neiJiew of Jonas, was the
son of Sigfridus Alrichs and Pachel Coles-
berry. He was born Scjitember 8, 1775, and,
Hgnratively sjJeaking, was rocked in the cradle
of the Pevolntion. His birthplace was the in-
fant borough of AVilmington, and he was
reared on the banks of the Christiana. When
quite a young man he learned the trade of
clock and watch making with his untdc,
Jonas, with whom for a short time he was
associated in business under the firm name
of Jonas and Jacob Alrichs. When the for-
mer retired iu 17!l7 his successor annouuci'd
by advertisement that iu addition to stock on
hand, he had reeeiveil "eight day clocks of
the first quality; silver watches from London,
Liver])ool and Dublin, such as could be war-
ranted," together with ''watch main springs,
glasses, dials, gilt and steel chains, keys, seals,
ire."

It is probable that he continued the business
at the old stand for many years, although he
did not devote his entire time to it, for, in
1810, in company with Samuel ^IcClary, he
started the first machine shop in Delaware, at
the northwest corner of Seventh and Shipley
streets, Wihuington. Tiii'y evidi'Utlv beuan
business in a humble way, for tradition says
that an old horse served to furnish the ])ower
to drive the i>rimiti\'e machinerv. I'rom

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117

IK

STATE OF DKLAWAL'E

147

this small begiimiiig liave growu the vast
uiaiiutactunig- and iiicciuuii<-al industries of
the city uf Wilmington.

'J'liu bu^incss of Alriehs \^ McClary seems
to have been a siiceoss from the beginning,
as Jaeob Alrielis bought the property oeeupie>l
by the little maehine shop three }'eai-s later
from Job IL'irvey, and eontinned to own it
until Ib'M, when it was sold to The Delaware
Academy of -Xatural Sciences, an institution
that has long since ceased to exist.

Alriehs afterwards had a machine shop on
the site of the present pumping station on the
Jjrandywine near the head of French street,
and in testimony of his etiicaey as a skilful
mechauir, it is only necessary to add that
J'lijah Ilullingswortli learned his trade with
.Vlrichs, and afterwards, as those of the pres-
ent generation know, became a leading and in-
riuential member of tlie great tirm of Harlan
t^' IloUingsworth, and by applying the me-
chanical ideas imparted by the humble watch-
maker, Ja<'ob Alriehs, in his primitive shuji,
fi.iunded and successfully conducted the large
and important industry of AVilmington, wIkjsc
fame has long since been established through-
out the civilized world.

AVhile Alriehs was laying the foundation
for great meclianical industries in wood and
ir<in, he did not lose sight of his clock and
watchmaking business, for in course of time
the sho]* was removed to ^farket street, be-
tween Third and Fourth, and thence to Arcade
liow <m the cast side of ilarket street behjw
I'jghth. Tins row was erected on what was
known as ''Wilson's sand-hole." Several
changes in location were afterwards made as
the town grew, and otlier branches of Inisiness
dexcloped.

Jacob Alriehs was evidently a man of
strength of character, and of superior intelli-
gence and capacity — in fact one of the most
representative men of his time. He was iin-
usimlly successful in the two lines of business
wliicli he conducted, and accumiUated consid-
erable real estate. lie also took an interest in
pidJic affairs and was willing to jierform his
part in jiromoting the advancement of borougli
interests. As early as 1805, when only thirty-
tive years of age, he was elected an assistant
burgess of the borough of ^Vilmington, and in
ISIO was elected a member of the fii'st City
Council, and so well were the ]i(uplc
jilcased with him as a publii,: officer that tlu-y

re-elected him year after year until lb:i;J. His
ser\ice, thei-efore, as one of the local law-mak-
ers for thirteen years consecutively, attests his
value as a citizen. T.ut the appreciation of
his work did not sto]) here, for, in iSLtO, he was
elected a member of the State Situate from
Wilmington, and served his term in that body
with credit to himself and his constituents.

Among the valuable collections of the His-
torical Society in Wihnington, of which
ilenry C. Conrad, K^cp, is the etKcient and in-
telligent librarian, is a very exact an.l care-
fully prepared survey and level made in 180-t
by Jacob Alriehs and Edward Koche, of a
route from the spring of Caesar A. lu.dney,
Esq., to the center stone at the corner of ( 'liest-
nut (now Tenth) and .Market street.-, f<.r the
use of the Wihnington Spring Water Com-
liauy. Evidently, at that early date, it had
occurred to Jacob Alriehs that the citizens of
Wilmington might be supplied with water
from "Cool Spring," an itlea that nearly sev-
enty years afterwards dcvelopeil into a reality
by the construction of the Cool Spring reser-
voir, now so important a factor in the tine
water suj)ply of Wilmington.

Politically, Jacob Alriehs was prominent as
a member of the Whig jiarty, and was a warm
admirer and close friend of John M. Clayton,
the Whig leader. Under the adnunistration
of President Harrison ]\Ir. Alriehs was ap-
]>ointed postnuister of Wilmington, and kept
the postoffice in a small store room on Third
street between .Market and Shipley streets. It
was a small affair then, compared with the
present nnignilicent Federal building, and the
postal business is more than a thousand fold
greater to-day than it was then.

About 1813, Jacob Alriehs built the house-
at No. 1017 .Market street, reganled at that
time as a large and imi)osing edifice. In it h&
lived during the remainder of his life. He
died October 29, 1857, in his eighty-second
year, and was buried in the Friends" burying
ground at Fourth ami West streets. He left
four children, two .-ons and tw<j daughters.
One of his sons, Henry S. Alriehs, continued
the watch and clock-making business after his
father's death; the oidy surviving branch of
the family is descended from this son. One of
these descendants is AVilliam J. Alriehs, who,
true to the fanuly calling for four geiun-ations,
is a .^U(Tes.-,ful jeweler and watch-maker at
at Elkton, :Md.

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148

BinailA PIIIOAL EXCYCLOrEDI. 1

Ca I'TA 1 .\ Lka I! MCINTII.

AlexaiiJer J.eaiiiionth was a yeotchmaii by
birth, his parents being residents of lialeuniee,
I'ifeshiri.'. When he came to this eoiuiti'y
is unknown, but it must lia\e been long be-
fore the IJevoliition. Jle settled in Sussex
eountj, Delaware, and was living there wiieu
tile Kevolution began. iXothing is knowa
of his family further than that he had one sou
named John. At the opening of the war for
independence, he at once identitied himself
with the patriots, and was commissioned sec-
ond lieutenant in Capt. l)a\id Hall's company
of Colonel Haslet's regiment of State troops,
in Continental service, January Ki, 1770, and
first lieutenant T^ovember litS of the same
year. On April 5, 1777, he was advanced to
the rank of captain in the same regiment, and
served to the close of the war.

Captain Learmouth resided at Lewes or
Georgetown, after the war. There, it appears
by the records of the Presbyterian churcli, he
married Hannah Turner, .March I'J, 17'J2.
As he had served through the llevolutionary
war, he must have been past middle life at the
date of his marriage, and this supposition is
corroborated by the fact that he died about
August 12, 1802. His will was probated in
September of that year. He left issue, luit
nothing is known of their descendants at this
day. Cajjtain Bellas, the genealogist, is of the
cipinion, however, that John Lcaruionth How-
ard, a relative of Hichnrd Howard, of Sussex
county, is a descendant of tlu' veteran captain
of the Revolution.

There is evidence to show that Captain John
Learmonth was a warm friend of Colonel
Hall's, and was interested with him in certain
lands ])urchascd by them in "Wood count}',
Virginia. The latter speaks of tliis investinent
in a letter dated November 28, 1804. Caj)-
tain Learmonth also owned property in Dela-
ware, which he left to his children in his will;
this shows that he was a nuui of some means.
Dr. Johii "White, of Sussex, appears to have
attended the cnjitaiu in his last illness; and he
also administered, jirofessionally, to the wants
of the captain's old ncgTo servant, Jacob; tra-
■dition asserts that this servant was a celebrated
fiddler, and that his services were in great
demand at entertainments.

!^^any interesting and curious anecdotes of
Captain Learmonth have been preserved. One
recently printe<l in the Dclnirare Pilot states

that the cajjtain wiio conuuanded the Lewes
company in Colonel Hall's regiment resided
there as late as 17l)5, and was distiuguislied
as the olHccr of the 1 )elaware Line, who, after
one of the regiment's severe battles in the
Carolinas, cut ojien a dead horse on the tield
of battle, and concealed himself from the
lli-itish soldiers, until he coukl escape.

Another and more amusing story is related
of this doughty hero by a local historian. An
old man, evidently of unsound mind, was ac-
customed to come into the town occasioiuilly
and juarch around tiie walls of the churchyard,
threatening, like the Levites of iJiblicai his-
tory, to blow over the walls with a blast of the
o.\-horn he carried with him. One day he also
requested that some one shoidd shoot him;
The captain told him that he would grant his
request with i)lcasure, as he considered him a
nuisance, and went for his gun. The old fel-
low took the matter more seriously on second
thought, and started for his home. On seeing
(,'a])tain Learmonth ajjproaching with his gun,
he broke into a run, and, as he junq)ed a fence,
in endeavoring to escape, the captain tired at
him, i)robably with the object of only fright-
ening him. This ended the pranks of the "ox-
liorn man," and the walls of the Lewes church
Were never blown down by his blasts. Strange
as it may seem, no stone marks the grave of
Cai)tain Learmonth (sometimes erroneously
spelled Learmouth) and no man knows where
he was buried.

Desckxdants of Dr. E. A. Smitu.
Dr. Ebenezer Augustus Smith, of "Wilming-
ton, Del., Avas a son of Rev. Robert Smith
(1723-1793), but the date of his birth has not
been ascertained. He studied medicine and be-
came an army surgeon during the Revolution-
ary war. When peace was restored he set-
tled in "Wilmington, the place of his birth,
where he was prominent in his profession.
Dr. Smith married Elizal)Cth Blair, and they
had issue:

I. Rev. Samuel Staidiope Smith, D. D.,
born 17r)0, died 1819, married Anna, daugh-
ter of Rev. John AVithersjioon, of Princeton,
N". J., by whom he had with other issue, Judge
John AVitherspoon Smith, of the United
States court, New Orlean.s, La., who left num-
erous descendants by his wife, Sarah Livings-
ton Duor. His wife died in Xcw Orleans
July 21, 1890, at the remarkable age of one

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STATl'J Of DKLAWAHE

149

liiiiuliLil yeai-s, eight months and twenty days;
11. William, born about llo'I; became a min-
ister; 111. Jiev. John lilair 8mitii, i). U., born
July 1-, ITjG. lie l)eeame president of tlu^
Jiaminlcn and Sydney College, Virginia, and
at'terwarils ni' Union College, Seheueetady,
>.'. \., and died in Phihuielphia August 2:i,
ITlKt. - lli> wife was twin sister to the wife
of (iovcrniir Chiiborne, of Lcniisiana, and
buth were tlaughters of a -Mrs. Fisher, of Vir-
ginia, who after being a widow married Ad-
miral \'ernon of the Jvoyal navy.

'J'he liev. Dr. ,Iohu IJlair Smith married
Elizabeth l'"i?lier Nash, of Templeton, ^^l ,
and had issue: i. liev. John Bhur; ii. Dr. Sam-
uel J51air, U. S. Army; iii. Kev. Jiobert, i\'.
])r. Isaae; v. ^larv Fisher; vi. Flizal)eth
Fisher.

Of the above issue of Rev. John Blair and
Elizabeth Fisher (Xash) Smith, Dr. Samuel
]5iair was a surgeon in the IT. S^ Army, as al-
ready stated, and married Alargaret Ferguson,
daughter of Col. Ebenezer Ferguson, of the
Jievolutionary army. The mother of Colonel
Fei'guson, who nnirried .Margaret George, was
Margaret ,MeEane, sister of Colonel Allan
.M<'Lane, of \Vilmiugton, Del.

Dr. Samuel Blair Smith was born July 10,
17S4, married ^lay 22, ISOG, and died Xo-
vember 2s, 18;54. Ilis wife was boin Sep-
teud)er 111, 1787, and died ISdl. 'Iluy had
issue as follows:

I. Cieneral Charles, U. S. A., born April 24,
1807, died April 25, 18G2; IT. Francis Xash
Sharpe, born May 26, 1809, died April 27,

IMO; TIT. Elizabeth Ferguson, born ,

married Capt. Henry Stanton ]5iu'tou, U. S.
A., December 5, 1840, and had issue an only
ilaughter, Elizabeth Ferguson, who married
Capt. Henry Clay Cochran, U. S. M. C; TV.
Ann Hill, born July 5, 181(5, died February
17, 18112, married Richard Swann, of Alexan-
<lria, Xa., October 7, 1834, and had two sons
and two datightei-s; V. Francis Clarion, born
May 7, 1818, and died unmarried; VL Henry
!•'.,' born ;May 1, 1820; died Septend)er 2(i,
ls2<); Vir. Caroline Laurens, born September
i:i, 1821, and died unmarried; Vllf. Lucy
l.e Cirand, born Ajiril 20, 1828; married Com-
iriodore William Xicliolson JefFers, U. S.
X'avy, and had children: i. vVnn Biu'ton; ii.
A\'illiam Xi(d)olson Jeffers.

()f the aliove nauu'd, Gen. C'harlcs Fergu-
■son Snuth, eldest son of Dr. Samuel Flair

Smith, married Fanny Mactier, of Baltimore,
and luvj three sons and two daughters.

Of his two sisters, -Mary Fisher Blair Smith
died unnuu-riid, and J'dizabelh l''isher Jjlair
Sunth married Dr. 'I'odd, of lllinuis, and be-
came the aunt of .Mrs. Abraluim Lincoln, wife
of the i'resident of the Liuteil Slates.

S.\Mi!Ki. .McClauy.

Samuel .MeClary has been mentioned as the
l)artner' of Jacob Alrichs in establishing the
lirst machine shop in Wilmington. .Vceord-
ing to the researches of Henry C. Conrad,
EmP, librarian of the Historical Society, he
was a native of Wilmington, being tlie child
of John and -Mary (Wallace) -McClary, and
was born June I'J, 1788. He learned the
watch and clock-making business with Thomas
C'row at the'shop of the latter on Second street.
When twenty-two years of age lie formed a
co-partnersliii) with Jacob -Mrichs, and they
established the first machine shop in Delaware,
using the tirm name of Alrichs A: ]\Ic('lary.
After a t<.'W years the connect ion was ilissolved,
as ilr. !^^cClary's name appears in the di-
rectory of 1814 as being alone in that business
at the corner of Eighth and Orange streets.
In 1827 he and Charles Bush went into busi-
ness together, and it is said that the fir.st stearn
engine btiilt in D(daware came from their shop
at the corner of Eightli and Orange streets in
lN:i2.

Samuel !McClarv evidently })osscssed me-
chanical ingenuity, and was industrious and
enterprising. .Most of the clocks made by
him were made between 180.'! and 181G, as
after the latter year his time seems to have
been fully occnjued in the machine business.
^Ir. Conrad says that a large mantel clock
bearing his name is still in the j^ossession of
the descendants of his son, Samuel ilcClary,
Jr., at the residence of the latter on 'West
street, AVilmington. A high clock of his man-
ufacture has for years been in the possession
of the "McCuHough family, of Northeast.

SauHud ;M<-Clary died August 24, 1859, and
is bin-ied in the "Wilmington and Brandywine
Cemetery. He was a good citizen, a useful and
sticce.ssful man, and a pioneer among the men
whose originality and mechanical ability tend-
ed to make "Wilmington tlio active and import-
ant industrial center it is to day. Great de-
vt'lopments, es])ecially in the manufacturing

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150

JlIOrin.U'lIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

line, are generally the product of tiiu geiiiui
of men in lunnble eircunistances and compara-
tively unknown. In these plain, unassuming
clo<'k-makcrs, .MeC'iary iV Ah-ii-hs, we find
that genius which hrought alioul a degree of
inelustrial activity wliicii we now see in tiie
great iron and wood working estaiijisiunenls
' of Wilmington.

That Samuel McCIary was recognized as a
business man of high standing, is evidenced
liy the fact that for many years he was a di-
rector in the bank of 'Wilmington and llrandy-
wine. His two sons, Samuel, Jr., and Thomas,
followed in his fo(jtstcps, and achieved un-
usual success in the lines of trade and business
which they adopted, 'i'hey were active and
influential business men; both died within re-
cent years, and their fair fame in business cir-
cles is now upheld by a son of Samuel ilc-
Clary, Jr., and grandson of Samuel ^IcClary,
the clock-maker and iron founder; we refer to
"William J. ]\rcClary, the prijprietor of one of
the largest and most prosperous morocco plants
in Wilmington. And the name of Sanuu'l
!McC'lary is perpetuated by Samuel .McClary,
3, the only son of "William J. MeClary,
who has just attained his majority.

Duncan Eeakd.

Duncan Beard, who is described as a ''clock-
maker"in the early records, purchased in 17(i7
one acre of laud in Appoquinimink hundred
from William Hanson, Jr. 'J'he land lay in
New Castle county, and the price he paid for
it was eighty pounds in English money. The
small price indicates that he purchased only
the bare ground, without buildings, so that he
seeiningl}' began his active business life with
that purchase. Librarian Conrad, of the His-
torical Society, is of the opinion that on this
ground he erected a small house and shop in
which to live and carry on his business.

The tradition is that ''Duncan Beard,
Scotchman and skilled worker in metals,"
lived here a hundred yeai-s ago. His "acre"
was on the King's Highway, between ("ant-
well's bridge and Blackbird, "at both of
which places," says Afr. Conrad, "the creaking
sign of the country tavern sent forth a rather
melancholy invitati<in to all passers-l>y to come
within and find refreshment for man an<l
beast." Here Duncan Beard built and made
liis home. A little more than a mile south of

Cantwell's Bridge, just across the marsh that,
skirts the sluggish Appocjuinimink, and within
a stone's throw of the colonial home of James
-\K)ure, of the Delaware Line, who entered
Col. John Haslet's regiment as a licuienanl
and came out a major, bearing with him an
almost mortal woiukI receiveil at (ierniantown.
Here Duncan Beard toiled, elaborating the
delicate and complex mechanism which went
to make up the sturdy and truthful timepieces
of that day; everything by hand, from the
tempered steel spring and tlie nicely balanced
peuchihim to the ponderous, clum.sy weights.
'J he records still preserved of I'nion Lodge,
^o. o, A. 1'. and A. .M., ~lio\v that Duncan •
Beard became a member June :.M, ITOo, the
year that it was instituted. This was the tirst
lodge of Masons instituted in the state of Dela-
ware, and it met monthly at Cantwell's Bridge,
]ieard being one of the most regidar attend-
ants at its meetings for a term of thirty years.
The minutes show that he was senior warden
within a year after his initiation, that he served
as worslii[)ful master from Decendx-r, J7<i7,
to December 1701), and treasurer for one year,
l772-'73. 'The last mention of his nana; in
the minutes is on Xovend)er 27, 171*4:, three
years before his death, lender date of Sep-
tember 25, 1777, a minute is made that "The
lodge did not meet last m<;nth on account of
the enemy landing at Elk." This recalls the
stirring events of the Bevolution. The Brit-
ish landed at the head of the Elk early in Sep-
tember, and the battle of Brandywine was
fought on the 11th of the same month. Here
was a small country village, fifteen miles away,
so alarmed and excited over the advent of "the
enemy" that a quorum of the lodge could not
be brought together.

It was the custom of the lodge to go once
a year to Parson Bead's meeting-lmuse to hear
a sermon from old Dr. Thomas Bead, the pa-
triotic preacher at old Drawyers, who, during
"the times that tried men's souls," minislered
in holy things to the whole country.si<le, and
was beyond question the leading man of that
community. Robert Kirkwood, the gallant
major of the Delaware regiment, joined the
same lodge in 17S3, after his settlement at
Cantwell's Bridge, at the close of the war.
I'nion Bodge, a good many years after its in-
.stitution, was removed to ]\ridd]etown, wliere
it is still in successful operation. In the j)re3-
ent lodge room in ]\fiddlctown is a Duncan

-ill

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J

STATE OF DELAWAHE

lo3

Beard clock, presented to the lodge several
\ciir.s aj^ij by IJichard T. Lockwood; tins cluck
Lad I cell in il.c possession of the Lockwood
faii.ily of tit. (ieorge's hundred for several
generations. It is a plain old timepiece, in
running order, and apparently Init little thi;
worse for wear, notwithstanding its hundred
years and more of life. In addition to the clock
the lodgi' has a trio of candlesticks (wood gild-
ed) and a chest, that were made by Duncan
Jicard for the lodge on its express order.

In religious belief Duncan Beard was a
Presbyterian; so it is not strange that when
Parson Bead succeeded in enlisting his ruem-
licrship iu the building of a new meeting
ing-hoUM' to take the place of old Uraw^'ers,
which, after three-quarters of a century of use,
■ was falling into decay, that Duncan Beard
was named as one of the building committee;
and the substantial, diguitied structure which
was binlt under his direction, and dedicated
in lT7-"i, still stands as a memorial to Duncan
Bcanl, "the skilled worker."

'J"he will of Duncan Beard was proved be-
fore the register of wills, New Castle county,
June l!'J, 17'J7. This will, the original of
which is still preserved, was written by his own
hand, and he begins with the words, "I, Dun-
eau Beard, ( lo(d<-maker of Appo(piinimink
hundred. Arc." It is neither dated nor signed,
but the rc(piirement3 of the law regarding two
witnesses having been complied with, it was
]irovcd and allowed after his death. Two of
his neighbors, Christopher A\^eaver and Bieh-
ardson ArniNtrong, served l>oth as witnesses
and e.\ecutoi-s. The will mentions his wife,
liebecca, but no idnldrcn. There is a small
bc(piest to Duncan Beard, son of John Beard,
who, i)robably, was a nephew or otlier relative.
Provision is nuide that aftm- the death of his
wife, his real estate shall go to ''Drawycrs
^Meeting House," and the will also contains
this item : 'T give and bequeath unto the con-
pregaticin of Drawj'crs ifeeting House my sil-
ver pint for the use of the .sacrament of the
Lord's Supper and that forever." But it is
unkm)wn what became of the "silver ])itit,"
as no trace of it can be found.

It is a source of much regret that the birth
and j)areutage of this good old juan are un-
known. Xciihcr is it known who his wife was,
or when she died. lie died more than a hun-
dred years ag<j and his mortal remains were
laid at rest in the quiet graveyanl be-ide
9

Drawers Creek, in the shadow of the church
he loved so well; but many of the clocks which
his mind and hand fashioned are still marking
time with a regularity and fidelity that im-
presses all who behold them; they stand as
mute reminders of him who set theii- wheels in
motion when this now nnghtv republic was in
its infanc}-.

Adolpi£ Ulrig Wertmulleu.

Adol)ih Ulric Wertmuller, the first famous
j)ortrait painter of Delaware, was born in
Stockholm, Sweden, February 18, 1751, and
died on his idantation on Naaman's Creek, iu
the upjier end of New Castle county, October
5, ISll. Through the researches uf Librarian
Conrad, of the Historical Society, we are
placed in jxissession of some interesting facts
relating to the lustory of this early and dis-
tinguished artist. At twenty-one years of age
he went to Paris and put himself under the
instruction of his cousin Bosliu, one of the
chief portrait paintei-s of the French capital,
and afterwards recei\-ed instruction from S'ien.
He was aihnitted as a member of the Boyal
Academy (if Painting and Sculjiture on Jnly
;iti, 17^1, upon the presentation of two por-
traits of certain cnnncnt men; in the year be-
fore he had been breveted "Fii-st Painter of
the King of Sweden."

Upon this appointment he jiainted, for (!us-
tavus 111., "Ariadne," and "Marie Antoinette
A\'ith H<-r Two Children in the Cardeii of the
Little 'I'rianon," both now in the National ^lu-
scuiu at Stockholm. In 17S7 he painted his
famous ]>ieture of "Danae Beceiving Jupiter
in a Shower of Cold," which, for both concep-
tion and purity of execution, entitles him to a
conimaiuling jdacc among the jiaiuters of his
time.

,Mr. AVertmnller was tiually (lri\-eu from
France by the disorders and ]ierils of the
Irench Revolution, and sought a hume iu
America. He reached Philadelphia ]\Iay 1.'?,
1794, where he lived for two yeaiv. On ac-
count of the death fif his agent he was called
to Sw(>den, where he remained four years en-
gaged in the settlement of an estate wliich ho
iidicritcil. Beturniug in Novendier, 1800, he
resumed his residence in Philadeliihia, where
he remaiued until 1803, when he botight a
plantation containing (nie hundi-ed and forty-
five acres iu Brand\-\\iiie hundred, near the

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154

BlOUnAPlUCAL EXVYCLOPKDIA

Penusylvauia line. This plaiitatiou was situ-
ate at the confluence of Naanian's C'reeli with
tlie Delaware Ki\er. Here he lived in peace
and quiet until his death, as stated above, on
the 5th of October, ISll.

Adolph Ulrie Wertnuiller, on January S,
IbOl, married Elizajjeth, granddaughter of
lion, (jiustavus Ilesselius, one of the early
iSwedish settlei-s on tlie Delaware. Ilesselius
was also an artist and is saitl to liave been the
first organ builder in tlie colonics, lie was a
brother of .Vndrcw and Samuel Ilesselius, who
served as pastors of tlie Old Swcdcr^' ( 'luircli
in "Wilmington at different times. After Wert-
muller's removal to Delaware he seems to have
relinquished his brush and dev<)tc(l his time
largely to farming pursuitb; but his death is
saitl to have resulted from the noxious effects
of paint on his system. He was only in his
sixty-first year when he died.

A\'hcn actively engaged in his profession he
had the honor of painting a portrait of ( icneral
Washington. Three inontlis after his arrival
in riiiladelphia — in August, 171)4 — he was
accorded this honor and painted the portrait ■
from life. His journal states that Wasliington
sat for him in the Senate chandicr. I'ndcr
date of Xovember 8 of the same year he made
this entry in his journal: "Finished the \n>\--
trait of (jencral Washington, first Presiiieiit
of Congress, a black velvet coat, bust, half
length canvas. This portrait is for myself."
His original ])ortrait of Washington, scrupu-
lou.-ly jircserved, was, after his death, s(dd
at auction in Philadelphia with his other pic-
tures for the small sum of fifty dolhirs. It is
now owned by John AVagner, of Piiiladel-
jJiia. Among a Hund)er of copies made for
eminent men of tiiat day was one for Robert
Morris, the great financier of tlie IJevolutioii.
The will of -Mr. Wertmuller is dated 1 )ccem-
ber 25, 1S02, while yet a resident of Phihulcl-
pliia. lie describes himself as a portrait
painter. He devised all of his estate to his
wife Elizabeth, mentioning in jjarticular a
Bhare to which he was entitled by tlic will of
one Joachim Wretman, a merdiant of Am-
i-terdam, he being one of several children to
whom a legacy of forty thousand florins of
Holland was bequeathed bv said will. PndT
date of July ?,, ISll, AVertmullcr made a
codicil to his will in which he states that since
the making of his will he had l.cccjme ]i<is-
sessed of the farm on XaamanV creek. This,

too, he devised to iiis wife. The will was evi-
dently proven in Piiiladcl])iiia, and a copy was
recorded in the office of tiie register of wills
of .\ew Castle <'ouiity, Delaware. His name
is signed i<, ilic will ^uqily ns -A. Wcrt-
muller." He was burit-d in the old graveyard
of Swedes' Church, Wilmington, among those
of his countrymen who had gone before. His
wife survived him only three months, and was
laid by his side in the sacred ground where tlio
ashes of so many of the first settlers on the
Delaware repn^e. So f;ir as known there wei-e
no children, and the name of Delaware's fii>i
artist and painter has become extinct.

^IaJOI: PeTKI! JAC^l'liT.

.Major Peter Jacpiet, one of the Kevolu-'
tionary heroes of Delaware, was born on Long
Hook farm, near Wilmington, Ajiril <>, 17.')1,
and died September ];i, l,s;i4. His grand-
father, Jean Paul Ja(piet, was a French Prot-
estant refugee, but the date and place of his
birth are unknown. He came to this country
with his family in 1i1:j4, bearing a letter of in-
troduction from the directors of the West
India Company to Governor Stuyvesaut. This
letter stated that Jatpiet had served the com-
pany faithfully in Prazil, and as he came to
this country with the view of becoming a
planter, and was a worthy man, Ciovernor
Stuyvesaut was requested to interest himself
in his behalf.

With this strong endorsement daquet was
not ])erniittcd to remain long in idleness. It
becoming evident that better governmen*
was necessary in the lower settlements, Stuy-
vesant appointed Ja(|uet vice-governor Jn
"South liivor," as the Delaware was then
called, and gave him a commission dated Xo-
vember L'!i, 1 (;:,.■). Ho was directed to make
arrangements for trade and keep order among
the people. He fixed his ofiicial place of resi-
dence at Fort Cassimer, and there he laid out
the town of Xew Castle in December, 1(;.55,
and organized a govermncnt for the settle-'
nieiit-.

Covernor Jaquet procieded vigorouslv to
^vork. On the 2()th of I'ebruary, lii.")(>, it was
resolved in Coum-il ''that all the inhabitants
should enclose their farms and lots by the
middle of March, under a penalty of six guild-
ers; that all who had goats should keep Jierds-
men, or be answerable for damapes; that no

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7/ I;.' V. . ) i.

STATE OF DELAWARE J35

one slioulJ come into the fort cither by laixl Ifook, aiiJ lierc lie lived during the remainder

or water witliout tir-t annunncing himself; that uf hi.- life, 'i'he date of his deatii i.s iinknowo.

ny [daces for luiildiiig should be granted be- Little or ncthing is known of the cdiildren

twecn Sandhook and Christina; tiiat the fiire.-ts of ( iu\ iriKir .l:i(juct. lie iiad a ^(,n named

slioidd be jireservcd for the use uf the fort and Peter, and a chmgiiter named Maria, married

of the town." And on the 22d of May, "tiiat to ISaron Isaac iJaiuw, who came to this coim-

all owners of swine sliould put yokes on them try in 1 (;:).">. IK- became reduced in circum-

witiiin twVnty-four hours, or have them shot stances and dieil Xovember 11, 17l;j, leaviu"-

down by soldiers." his widow and four cdnldreu destitute.

A sy^tcm of taxation for the support of the It is probable tluit there were other eliildren

government was also devised; the history of besides Peter and ^iaria, for in later tinl^s

taxation in Delaware begins, therefore, with there wa.-^ a JJev. Joseph Jacpiet, some time

the administration of Viee-Ciovcrnor Ja(put. recf<jr of St. James the (Jreater, at J3ristol

As might have been expected, the introduc- who died in I'hiladelpbia ,Mav i'4, ISUi). He

ti(in of crude laws for the regulation of the was a di-itingnished scholar and philanthropist,

people, together with taxation, caused the gov- IFe had an only daughter who married David

erm.r to fall into disfavor. His admini-tra- A\'. Sellers, of Philadeljihia.

ticm was denounced, complaints were lodged ^Major I'cter Jaiput, wlio as has been said

with Stuyve.sant, who had appointed him, and was born April 0, ITol, was the son of Peter

be was (dnirged with incompetency, blatters and grandson of A'ice-( iovernor Jean Paul

grew W(U>e from day to day, until Governor Ja(piet. His mother's C'hiistian name was

Stuyve-ant was forced to dismiss him, whicdi l-dizaiu-th, but of what familv slie was is un-

he (lid April I'H, Ifi.'.T. That intrigue was uscil known. Xeither is it known when his parents

to clfect his removal is apparent. Jacob Al- died.

rich was appointed his successor in Holland P<^'tcr Javpiet was reared on the Lon" Hook

by the btirgomasters and council of Amster- farm, which tiually descended to him. There

dam, as governor of that city's colony. His his grandfather and father had lived and died

commission was given to him in Amster- and there he died. The farm, therefore'

dam, December lit, 1050, and renewed in ha<l been in the Jaquet family fur three lon<r

Port Amsterdam (now New York) in the Xew generations, or from l(iS-t to i8;]4, a period Si

Netherlands, April 1:^, 1057; his residence one hundred and fiftv years, when it i)assed

was fixed at New Castle, then called Xew out of the family nanie,' because Peter left no

Amstel. descendants.

Ja(|uet's administration was brief, lasting When the war of the Revolution broke out

scarcely over a year, but it was a stormy one. Peter Jaquet at once identified himself with

His succe^sor was charitable enough to admit the iiatriots, and was c<,iiniji.ssiuni'i| (.n.si.ru iu

that the com])laints against him proceeded Cajitain Henry Darby's company. Colonel

rather from hatred than from trutli, having ffaslet's regiment of Delaware .-tato trouns

their origin very likely in his efforts to e<tab- in Continental service, January 17 1770 ifl

lisli law and order, and collect taxes. was then twenty-two years of atre He l,o^o,„!l

iavmg retired from the cares ot office, -a second lieutenant in Colonel Hall's Dd

Jaquet s.'ttled down to a quiet life of agri- ware regiment, Contineiit^il Pst^ildishmc'iit

culture. And after the capture of the country ' Xovember 27, 177G, and captain in the - '

by the English in ItJG-t, he became a .subject regiment April 5, 1777, and served to'f] ^

of Creat Ihitain; was appointed a justice of (du.-e of the war. On retiring from the serv' ''^>

the peace and performed the functions of that he was breveted maj</r Septoiuber ;>0 1~\-i

otlice until the delivery of the territory to Wil- When Afajor Jacpiet .lied, (Sej)tein'bcr' 13

Ham Penn in October, 1GS2. He took iij) a 18;U,), he had reached the ripe age of eig-htv

tract of 2f)0 acres of land, the warrant for years, five months and .seven davs H - ■

which was granted December 22, 1G,S4. Tt buried among his kindred in the gr'avevar(l\'!f

lay on the Christiana, oi)posite the old town Old Swedes' Chundi, "\Vihniii<>ti)ii -i 'l *

of Wilmington, which then embraced a tract broad slab contains tlie followino'~enit'iiil •' '^

at the f(H.t of ]\rarket street, east and west. "Major TVter Jaipict, born Ai.ril '(! J --4

•lean Paul Jaquet's tract was known as Pon^ and diwl September PI ^^9,l T ;,',„ 1 li '

i > ' ' r. 'jiiined tlio

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156

JiKjanM'lIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Delaware regiment January 4, 177C, and was
in every general eugagenient under Washing-
ton which took place in Delaware, PenUbvlva-
iiia, New Jersey, New York, and the Eastern
States; was ordered South to the Soutlieru
army under Gates, and with the brave liarou
De Xalb was in the battle of (Janulen, when
the Delaware regiment of eight companies was
reduced to two, of ninety-six men each, and
when the command devolved on ]virk\vo<Hl
and himself as oldest captains. Was
in the battle of Guilford, second bat-
tle of Camden, siege of Ninety -six, and battle
of the village of that name; battle of Juitaw
Springs, and in every battle under Greene,
until the capture of Cornwallis at Yorktown."

'J'his is, as a writer remarks, "a little strong-
ly drawn, but it is in the main correct." His
tomb, which is in an excellent state of preser-
vation, is conspicuous in the historic church-
yard and attracts the attention of many visi-
tors.

Major Jaquet mamed Eliza P., daughter
of Elisha Price, of Chester, probably after his
return from the war. She was born Novem-
ber 25, 17G9 and died ifay 5, 1834, in her
sixty-seventh year, having gone to her grave
three months and eight days before her hus-
band. She was more than fifteen years his
■junior. Her remains repose under the same
slab with those of her warrior husband. They
left no descendants.

Major Jaquet became a member of the
Delaware State Society of the Cincinnati, and
served as vice-president from July 8, I7t)5 to
1828, when it ceased to exist as a State or-
ganization.

Captain II. II. Delias, in his very full history
of the Society of the Cincinnati in Delaware,
says that the ccrtilicate of membeshii) of the
gallant major, and his sword, are now in the .
possession of his grand-ne])hew, Samuel Price
Jaquet, Kadior, Delaware county, Pa.

^fAJOK KlIIKWOOP.

^Xfaj. Robert Nirkwood, one of Delaware's
lu-volutionary heroes, was a native of ]\Iill
Creek hundred. New Castle county. At the
beginning of the Pevolution, he was engaged
in the mercantile business, but he quickly en-
tered the service to fight for independence.
He was commissioned first lieutenant in Capt.
Henry Darby's company, Colonel liaslet's re-
giment of Delaware State troops in the Con-

tinental service, January 17, 177G. He rose
to the rank of cajnain December 1, 1770, was
transferred to Colonel Hall's Delaware regi-
ment, Continental Establishment, as second
ranking captain, and ser\'ed to the close of the
war as senior captain in comujand of the Dela-
ware battalion; he was brevetted major Sep-
tember uO, 17s3. ^lajor Kirkwood saw mncli
hard service, and -was recognized as a brave
and meritorious officer. Having a taste for
military life, he sought an appointment in the
regular army, and when St. Clair's force was
being organized to fight the northwestern
Indians, he was commissioned captain in the
Second regiment United States Infantry,
March 4, 17!)1, and joined the army at Cin-
cinati. He marched in that unfortunate ex-
peilition under the command of ^lajor Gen-
eral Arthur St. Clair, and was slain in the
battle near Fort Pecovery. AVhen the army
was routed he refused to retreat, and fell at
the head of his company "bravely sustaining,"
as is stated in Lee's INfemoirs of the "War in the
Southern Department of the United States,
"his point of the action. It was the thirty-
third time he had risked his life for his coun-
try, and he died as he had lived — the brave,
meritorious, unrewarded Kirkwood."

His commission as first lieutenant, when he
entered the Pevolutionary army, in 1770, was
signed by John Hancock, President, and
Charles Thom]>son, Secretary of Congress.
Cajitaiu Delias says, in his history of the Dela-
ware Slate Society of the Cinciuati. that l\irk-
wood's commission as brevet major, dated Si'f)-
tember ."30, 1783, with his commission as first
lieutenant, are now in possession of his great
grandson, Newell Kirkwood Kennon, St.
Clairsvillc, Pjelmont couiity, Ohio. His certi-
ficate of mend)ershi|) in the Society of the Cin-
ciiiiuiti is in po.ssession of his grandson, Gen.
PobertK.AVhitely,TT. S. Anny (retired), who
has (le])osited in the Delaware Historical Socie-
ty, Wilmington, ^fajor Kirkwood's journal,
kept by him through the Revoliuion, and also
his sash stained with his blood when he fell
in St. Clair's defeat. It is needless to add that
these mementoes of the gallant jiatriot and
soldier are sacredly treasured as priceless relics
of one of Delawai'c's luiblest sous.

A 1,1 EX ITcLane Axn tue ^[cLaxe Family.

Col. Allen !^^cT.aue, an eminent citizen of
Delaware by adoption, was born in Philadel-

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STATE OF DELAWAFE

157

pliia, August S, 174G, and settled in Kent
county in 177'1. He was earl}' in the Held in
the cause of independence. In 1775 he was
appointed lieutenant in Col. Caesar A. Kod-
nev's regiment uf Delaware militia, and in
177U joined Washington's army and was dis-
tinguished in the actions at Long Island, While
riains, Trenton and Trinceton. His bravery
at Princeton won him the appointment of cap-
tiiin, and ho was assigned to Col. dohn Tatlou's
Additional regiment, January lo, 1777. He
received his commission from AVashington.
His partisan company was in service on the
out])osts of Philadelphia during its occupancy
by the British. In 1779 he was made a major
in Lee's partisan corps, and took a prominent
part in the battles of Paulns Hook and Stony
Point. He was present at the siege and sur-
render of "^'orktown, and retired from service
XovendxT !•, 1782.

^lany thrilling incidents in the life of Colo-
nel .Mcl.:iii(' are relate<l, which show his
bravery as a soldier. In his movements lie
somewhat resembled in dash and intrepidity
Light Hor^e Hnrry Lee. He sent his spie.-- into
the British lines at Philadelphia disginsed as
farmers, and at times provisioned the enemy
at market rates with '"beef" which was noth-
ing more imr less than the carcasses of British
cavalry hl/^^(■s killed by Continental bullets

Ills l\'ats (if jiersonal daring were numerous.
On one occasion he fell into an ambuscade
near Philadelphia, accompanied by only four
troopers, his company being in the rear. One
of his attendants saw the enemy, and crying
out, "( 'ajitaiu, the British !" fled with his com-
panions. ]\rcLane saw the enemy drawn up
on both sides (^f the road, an<l a file of them
fired on him. He dashed away amid a shower
of l)nllets and ran into a larger body. Turning
abruptly, he fled, pursued by a dozen troopers.
He distanced all but two, one of whom he shot.
Tlie other he engaged in a hand to hand con-
flict, during which he received a severe saln-e
wound \u tlie hand. Finally he killed his an-
taponi>t an<l cscaiK'd. He t<'ok refuge in a
mill pond, where he remained until the culd
water st(ip]ic'd the flow of blood frouL his
wound. At another time he was surprised by
a dozen British troopers, hut charged through
them and escajied.

After the war. Colonel ^fcLaue settled ;it
Smyrna, and entered upon peaceful avoca-
tions. He was a member and speaker of the

Delaware Legislature, for six years a privy
councillor, for many years judge of the Court
of Cunimon Pleas, and United States .Marshal
of the Delaware District from 17'JU to 1798.
He was al.-o collector of the port of Wilmiug-
ton from ISOS to the date of his death, which
occurred Way 2:^, 1829. His reimnns were
buried in Asbury Church Cemetery, "Wil-
mington. Deleft descendants.

Louis ^IcLane, who was celebrated for his
])ul)lic services, was a son of Col. Allen Mc-
l.ane, and was born in Smyrna, ?ilay 28, 17SG.
In 1798 he entered the navy as a midshipman,
and cnnsed for a year under Commodore De-
catur in the frigate Philadelphia. Betiring
from the .-t'a, he studied law with James A.
Bayard and was adnutted to the bar in 1807.
In 1817 he was elected a member of Congress
from Delaware and remained in that otiico
until 1827. During this i)eriod, in opposition
to his constituents, but on conscientioud
L'rounds, he voted against permitting slavery
in Missouri. From 1827 to 1829 he was
Cnitcl States- Senator, and ;Minister to Eng-
land from 1829 to lS31. In the latter year,
on his return, he entered the Cabinet as Sec-
retary of the Trear-ury, and held that office
until" 18;5:i, when he was appointed Secretary
of State; he retired from political life the fol-
lowing year, ^h: i^IcLane was president of
the Baltimore iuid Ohio Bailroad Company
from 18.37 to 1 847. In 1845 he was entrusted
by President Polk with the mission to Eng-
land during the Oregon negotiations. He was
a delegate to the Beform Convention at An-
naiM.lis in the winter of ISSO-.'-.l. In 1812 Mr.
McLane married the daughter of Bobert :Mil-
ligan, and had i-su<'. He di.'.l in Baltimore,
October 7, 1857.

Hon. Bobert ]^rilligau ;McLane came of a
distinguished ancestry, as has been shown. He
was a gran<lson of Col. Allen ;^^cLane, the
Bevolutionary hero, and the eldest son of
Lo\iis "NfcLane, the eminent stat.'smim and
jioliliciau. Hewasbirrn in AVilmington, Dela-
ware. .Tune 23, 181."., and .hed in Paris,
France, April Ifi, 1898, at the advanced age
of nearly eighty-three. He was e<lueated at St.
Afarv's College, Baltimore, and then went
with his father to Europe, where he studieil
for two years at the Colleu'e Bourbon, Paris.
AVhen he returned home C.encral .Tackson ap-
pointed him a ca.let at "Wot Point, where he
was arailuated in 18,37.

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158

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

In 1S41 Mr. ilcLaue was seat to lluUaud
to exaniinu tlie system of tlykcs and draia-
age, and ia I'aris was laanied to iMiss tleorg-
ine Un|uliart, dauglitc-r of a i.ouisiaaa aiur-
chant. Ja 184:3 lie Irft th.,- army and be-an
tlie practice of law. J a JSl.', hj was elected
to the ]\larylaad llou^e of Delegates, and in
1S47 was seat to Congress as a Ueaiocrat. He
was returned agaia ia 1S4<J. la 1853 Presi-
deat Pierce scat Jam to Cliiaa as Miaister, but
at his own request he was soon recalled. He
M-iis eniiaeatly successful ia his diploaaitic
laissioa, aad upoa his return to tlii^ couat.ry ia
ISoC lounged anew into active party work,
liuchaiuia rewarded hiai in 18511 witli the ap-
pointaieat of Miaister to Mexico.

if r. :McLaao resigacd his [wsition ia Mexico
at the outbreak of the Pebellioa, aad returaed
to Paltimore. There he became a conspicuous
opponent of the National (iovcrnmeat aad
fruad of the Coafederatps. Ia 1803 he was
couascl for the Westera Pacific IJailroad, and
in 18(i4 aad 1805 visited Europe several times
Jle was elected to the State Senate of ifarv-
land la 1870, aad two years later wrested from
ex-Governor Swann tlie Democratic noadna- '
tion for Congress, thus re-enterim: the Ifouso
twenty-eight years after lea vim; it. lie M'rverl
two terms, refusing a third. In 1883 he was
made the Democratic candidate for Ciovcraor
of :\raryland aad was elected to that positioa
^vhich he still lield in March, 1885, when he
wa3 aj^poiated ]\rinister to Fraace by Pre^^i-
dent Clevelaad. In that position he served for
four years, aad then retired froai pablic life.

All things considered, the political career
of PoLert ililligan McLanc was one of the
longest and aiost distinguished in the history
of tlie country. lie became very much at-
tached to Fraace aad the French people, and
resolved to live there. He spoke the French
language with flueacy aa.l ])u]isli, aad spent
the last days of his lon<>- life in Paris. His re-
mains were brought home aad iaterred in
Baltimore, the city of his adoption. No greater
niaa ever went forth from Delaware, and tlie
city of Wilmiagton is ]n-oud to claim him as
one of her sons.

Dr. Allen ifcLaae was bora in Smvrna,
Kent county, Delaware, ia 1785. Tlis father
•was Col. Allen ]\rcLane, of the Pevoluticm,
and his mother was Pebecca Walls, sister of
Lewis Walls. [Nfinister to England. Dr. Allen

ilcEane was educaled at Newark Academy
and Princeton; he then studied medicine aad
graduated from the University of Peaasylva-
ait in 1811. He coaimeaced the practice of
his ]ir<d'c.-si(ni at .\e\v Castle, but .-uiui after-
wards reiii(i\eil to Wilmingliiii and st'llled
permaaeatiy. Dr. .Mcl.aae served ia the war
of 1812. lie was one of the first May.irs of
the city of Wilmiagloa. He married Cathe-
rine C ., daughter of ( ieorge aad Mary Thomp-
son Head, .June IS, 1812, and they had i-siie:
L Samuel: 11. Allen; IH. .Mary| IV. .Julia-
V. fieorge. The sous all die<l ia early man-
hood. Dr. ]\IcLane, the father, died in Wil-
mington, January 11, 1845.

Lvni.v DAitR.ion of the Pevoi.ution.

By Henry Darrach, of Philadelphia, not re-
lated to her family.

(The Darragh family is aot related to the
families spelling their names Darrach and
Darrali.)

Lydia Darragh is remembered ia American
'history on account of the services she reiulered
her country in giving iaformatioa to General
AVashington, encamped in AVhite Marsh, dur-
ing the winter of 1777-78, of the iateaded at-
tack (if the British forces then stationed at
Philadel[)]iia. Her timely information en-
abli'd Washington to lie pre]xire(l when the
enemy came to make the attack. Her de-
scendants from early daj's have resided in
Delaware aad Maryland.

She was the daugliter of John Barrington,
of Dublin, Ireland. On November 2, 1753,
at Quaker ^Meeting, Dulilin, she married Wil-
liam Darragh. They came to this country
shortly after tlieir marriage, and settleil ia
Philadel]ihia. Lydia Darragli died December
28, 178!), in lior sixty-first year; her liusbaad
died June 8, 1783, age sixty-four years. Both
were buried in the Friends' burial ground,
southeast corner Fourth and Arch streets,
Philadelphia.

Her will, showing the correct spilling of
her name and names of her childi-en, is re-
corded at Philadelphia in Will Book H, j). 413
(yr. 17110).

She bad nine childrea, as follows:

I. ]\fary, bora 1754, died ia infancy; II.
Charles, horn November 18, 1755; d. June 5,
18()1 (not knowa to have married). Ensign

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STATE OF DELAWAJtE

159

in Second Pennsylvania, 1777, and lirst lieu-
tenant; retired July 1, 17?S; 111. Ann, born
August 12, 1757, died Aunust 17, IfSlO; mar-
ried; no issue; W. AViiliaiu; V. Lytiia; ^'I.
^larv; all three died in infaney;

\'1I. ,Ii)lin, born Deeendter 5, 17(j;i; died
July 23, 1S21 or 1S22; niairied Feln-uary 7,
1787, ^largaret Stewart Porter, of Delaware;
born l)T-<"einl.er i, 17(!9; died .May 10, 1811.
Issue I'iulit eidldren, viz:

i. (First) — Lydia Parrington, born De-
cember 17, 1787, died January 10, l8;it,
mari-ied James Short; issue one chihl, AKx.
Darragii Short, born 1810, died June 'J, 18;J4,
married 1831 or 2, Anna Jamiina Naudain,
of A'ew Castle county, Delaware, born ISl 1 ;
'died 1872; issue one oliihl, James Hall Slmrt;
born Xcw Castle, Delaware, March 23, 1834,
died ilareh 12, 1897; married Novendier 4,
18.'")8, ifartlia Pollen Ilumplireys, Smyrna,
Delaware, born Oetolicr 13, died NovimuIkt,
IMm;, and had issue, inne children, viz:

( 1 ) Ali'x. I )arragh Sliort resides near War-
wick, ,Md.; married, Deecndjer 22, l88tj,
Clara P. Simons; issue four children, George,
Edgar Lawrence, ]\Iabel and Martha Ellen;
(2) "Wilb'am C. Short, resides near Ceeilton,
]Vid.; married, Alaroli 'J, 1882, Anna P. For-
aker; i^.-u(■, viz: James ITall, Joseph P. Pearl,
Edwin C., Leroy; (3) Anna Jamima Short,
Baltimore, ]\rd.; (A) Fmma Xaudain Short,
Baltimore, :\ld.; (f)) Martha E. Siiort, mar-
ried; ((1) Leah K. Short, Cecil county, ^Md. ;
(7) Lydia Parrington Darragh Short, Palti-
more, ^Id.; (8) Tliomas Enus Short, Cecil
cotmty, .\r,l.; (H) Esteila Short.

ii. (Second (duld of John Darragh and ^far-
garet Stewart Portct-), viz: Alex. Porter Dar-
ragii, b. August 2(';, 178!), ptirser in Knif^'d
States navy and died at sea, January 0, 1831;
buried at Cibraltar; married, Septendier,
1823, Eliza Tucker Armistead, of Norfolk,
Va., died Xovember 20, 182G. Issue two
children: (1) ;^^argaret Porter Darragh, b.
September 2(!, 1824, married, April 2, 1842,
Dr. Tliomas Newton, of Norfolk, \\\.\ issue,
Eliza T. Newton, Sally Newton, Perklcy
Newton. (2) :\rartha Julia Darragh, b. .Vo-
vember f), 182."): d. Noveiid)er, 182r).

iii. (Third child of John Darragh and ^far-
paret Stewart Porter), Ann, born Decendier
5, 1701, died June 24, 1800, iv. John Dar-
ragh, born December 20, 17(13, died De<-eiii-

ber 20, 17'J3; v. ifargaret Stewart Darragh,
born Decendier 28, 171^*:), died June 20, 1840;
\i. Susannah Dari'agli, b. January 14, 17'J8,
died January 21, 1880; vii. Eliza Darragh,
born Jidy l(i, 1800; died July I'J, 180J; viii.
Eliza Darragh, born April' 24, 1802, died
July 20, 1885; married, Septendier 8, 1830,
John Janvier; died .May 2H, 181)0, age eighty-
one years, 10 niontiis, 10 days. Issue Jnlien
D. Janvier and Alargaret W . Jan\icr, liotli
of New Castle, Delaware.

VIII. ■\Villiam, born July 23, 1700; died
December 11, 17t»0.

IX. Susanna, born December 19, 1708;
died Septendier 18, 1792.

pAlJliATT ( 1 i:.NK.VI.0fiY.

Philiji Larratt, the emigrant of the family,
So far as is known, is su[iposed to have come
from iMigliuid; but however that may be, he
had settled in Kent county, Delaware, prior to
the year 1755. He w;ls bom in the year 17"J9.
lie owned a large tract of land in South Mur-
derkill hundred, prcpbably fo\ir or five hun-
dred acres, upon which he re^ided. lie also
owned a ^looji called the Frietuhlilp, in
which he shi[i])ed polk, corn, bark and staves
to Philadelphia, lie took an active interest
in pulilie atTairs, and on October 0, 1775, was
coiiinii--ioii( (1 by Hon. John Penn, Governor
of Pemisylvaiiia, as high sherilT of Kent coun-
ty. -Mr. P.arnitt was re-elected shcriiT Octo-
ber 1, 17Tii, and serx'ed in that capacity dur-
ing the ReN'oliitionarv war, in which he I'cMi-
(Ici'cd most etiicii lit ser\ices in aid iif the
struggling colonies. An e\idciice of this is
afforded by the fact that on December 20,
1777, the General .Assembly aiiiirojiriated
t\v(nty-iiiiie jiounds to Pliili|i Barratt, Sheriff
of Kent county, for public services to repay
liiiii for money ad\aiiced and expended in aid
of the cause. He was also a justice of the
jicace for Kent c<iiiiity, his coiiiiiiis-ion being
dateil June 30, 17^3.

In Octolier, 1779, Philip Parratt was elect-
ed a member of the Legislature, and on Dc-
i-eiiiber 22, 1779, voted for John Dickinson,
Nicholas Van Dyke and George Pead, as dele-
gates to the Congress of the United States.
Under the authority of the Legislature, in tlie
early jiart of the year 17so, lie |Mid to the
State militia for Kent countv the sum of

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lUO

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

three thousand sLx hundred pounds, that
amount being appropriated by tiie ilouse of
Assembly to him for tlmt pnrposc. lie seems
to liave taken a prominent part in the Legis-
hiture during all this period. Eketrd lirst in
ITtil, he was a member continuously from
that date until the session of 17b3, during
whieh period he served as a memlier of the
Bi)eeial committee to ascertain the names of
such persons within his co\inty as shall have
furnLihcd the commissary's or q\iartermas-
ter's departments with supplies for the use of
the Continental army; also to dispose of sun-
ilry sujiplies in Sussex county. lie was a
member of the Standing Committee on Ac-
counts on behalf of the Assendily. He was
present at the meeting of Council, February
4, 17S2, on behalf of the Assembly, and de-
livered a letter from Alexander Hamilton,
aide-de-camp, dated at iliddlebrook, April 20,
1779, addressed to the conunaiuling otiieer of
the Delaware regiment, and enclosing an act
of (Viugress of December IG, 177S, for annex-
ing to that regiment Capt. McLane's com-
jiaiiy; also a resolution of General Assembly
of dime 1, 1779, annexing Capt. ^ifcLane's
company to the Delaware regiment, together
with certain resolutions of General Assembly,
dated October 31, 1780, empowering the
State treasurer to purchase a certain sum of
money in specie for the benetit of the olhcers
of the Delaware regiment who had been made
prisoners on Long Island; and also a certificate
under the hand and seal of General Washing-
ton, dated December 31, 17S1, together with
a memorial of Allen McLane, dated January
30, 1782, and founded thereon. On Janmu'v
24, 17S3, ifr. Barratt presented to the Coun-
cil a bill for raising twenty-six thousand two
hundred and fifty pounds for the service for
that year. And on February 4, 1783, on be-
half of the House, he asked for a Committee
of Conference of the Council in relation to it.

On January 14, 1783, Thomas ]\rcXean,
Plnlip Barratt and Nathaniel "Waples, of the
House, and John Banning and Joshua Polk,
of Council, were apjiointed a general comnn't-
toe on pidilic accounts.

These brief references to his public services
show that he took cpiite an important part in
the county and State, and did his utmost to
further the success of the patriotic cause.

Philip Barratt was among the first converts

to Methodism, and was an intimate friend of
Bishop i'rancis Asbury, whom he aided and
defended during tlie Kevolutionary war. In
JNlay, 1780, he and Waitman Sipple, feeling
that a place of worship was necessary, took
steps to found a chapel. He contributed an
acre of ground; the result of their elforts was
the present chapel, called in memory of him
J>arratt's Chapel. Lt is now known as the
"cradle of ilethodism" in consequence of the
fact that Bishops F'raucis Asbury and Thomas
Coke met there in 1784, and arranged the pre-
liminaries for organizing the Methodist I']pis-
copal Church.

l*hilip Barratt married Miriam ;

their children were: I. Andrew; II. Elijah;
HI. Caleb; IV. Nathaniel; V. Mary; VI.
Philip, Jr.; VI r. iliriam; YIIT. Lydia. He
died on October 2S, 1784, in the 'fifty-fifth
year of his age. liy his will, dated !May 18,
1783, he devised all his estate to his chihlren
above named, and directed that it should be
partitioned among them.

T. Andrew Barratt, eldest son of Philip and
^Miriam P)arratt, l)orn September 22, 1751),
died April IS, 1821, was pnjbably the mo-t
prominent, lie studied law and was admit-
ted to the bar of Kent county. He was a
mend>er of the special convention of Dela-
ware which met for the ratification of the
Constitution of the United States, taking the
place of Dr. James Sykes. He was also a
nu'iiiber of thi^ convention which framed the
( 'onstitiition of 1792. Also a director of the
Farmers' Jiaiik at Dover, 1808-1811-1815. He
was elected high sheriff of Kent county in
]7S(), and apjiears to have been in otfice by
successive elections for Twelve years, from
1780 until 1792. He was eleete<l a member
of tiie Assembly froia Kent comity on Octo-
ber 20, 1791; was a member (if the Senate
fr(jm January 15, 1S12, until 1814, and dur-
ing this time, 1812, '13, '14, served as speaker.
On Xovember 12, 1810, he was elected a
jiresidential elector as a Federalist, and voted
for Iiufus King for President, and Eobert C.
Harper for Vice-President. And again on
Xovendier 14, 1820, during the "era of good
feeling," he voted in the Electoral College for
James ^lonroo for President, and Daniel Rod-
ney for Vice-President. On January 23,
1799, he was appointed by Gov. Bichard Bas-
sett an associate judge, and served as such with

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■Mi)

STATE OF DELAWARE

161

great credit until liis election to the Senate.
As will be seen froiii this brief account of liis
life, Andrew B:irratt was a prouiinent man in
his generation.

Andrew liarratt married, December 10,
17?>, Ann, daughter of John Clarke, Esq.
The}' had children, as follows:

i. Elizabeth, born September 12, 17T'J, mar-
ried Joseph White, had three children, An-
drew Earratt, John and Ann Clarke AVhite;
ii. Ann, burn October 18, 178 1; married Dr.
Eobert Dill, of Milford, Del., and died Feb-
ruary lo, ISll, leaving two children, Ellen
l.eighton Dill, born December 1, 1805, died
IXcember 25, 18G8, and Robert Dill, born
:March IS, 1801), died October IG, 1832; iii.
John, born February 9, 17S4, died in 1818,
was a i)r(:)minent lawyer, and became Secre-
tary of the State of Delaware. He married
Ann Luff, and had children, as follows: 1.
Elizabeth (ifrs. AVilliam Townsend), wIkj had
three children, John Barratt Townsend, born
December 31, 1S32, died February 2, 1859,
had one son, John Townsend, of Frederica,
Del.; Anne Townsend, wife of Hon. Jonathan
S. Willis, has one daughter, Elizabeth Town-
send Willis Ofrs. AVilliam IL McCallum), of
Philadelpliia; and Alary Townsend, married
first to Joseph Smithers, after his death to her
cousin, Hon. Nathaniel Barratt Smithers, of
Dover; 2. Ann (Mrs. James S. Buckmaster);
3. Mary (Afrs. John AV. Cullen); iv. George
Barratt, Af. ])., l>orn February 17, 1787;
studied medicine and practiced for some years
in E'ciit cniinty, Del.; married Rachel Lutf,
wlio survived him, and after his death married
Paris Carlisle; v. Alary (Polly) Barratt, born
April 12, 17S9; \\. Sarah, born September 21,
1791, married in 1825 to AVilliam K. Lock-
wood, and died a month after her marriage;
vii. Letitia (Letty), born April 24, 1704-; viii.
Aliiiam, born January 24, 1797; ix. Piiilip
Barratt, liorn October 23, 1799.

IL Elijah Barratt, Isl. D., son of Philip and
Miriam Barratt, was born on his father's farm
near Frederica, Kent county, Del., in 1771.
He was sole executor of his brother Nathaniel
Barratt, who died in November, 1797, and
also de\isee of the farm which had been al-
lotted to him upon the partition of Philip Bar-
ratt's estate by Judge Thoniiis AVhite, Richard
Lockwood and Covernor Richard Bassett
fNovember 13, 1797. AVill Book N, p. 18 4.
tVc.V Tn his shnrt professienal career Dr.

Elijah Barratt attained a high position iu
medicine. He was a member of the Dela-
Wiu-e Stiite !Medical Society, having been
elected iu 1790, and was active iu it until his
death. He read the second essay which was
delivered before that Society about 1791 on
"The Influenza." ((Jarllard's Aled. Journal,
February, 1880, Delaware State ^ledical Sue,
by L. P. Bush, AL D., 188G, Scharfs His.
Del., vol. I, p. 473, Scharfs His. of Delaware,
1889, A'oL 1, p. 483.) Dr. Barratt studied
medicine under Dr. Nathaniel Lutf, his
brollier-in-law, and became a practitioner, al-
though he never graduated, a not unconunou
occurrence in those days.

Dr. Barratt was prominent not only as a
physician, but also in political aifairs; he was
a strong Federalist, and refused to be a candi-
date for Congress. Henry M. Ridgely, United
States Senator from Delaware in 1827, was an
intinuite friend of Dr. Barratt's, as the follow-
ing incident taken from his life will illustrate:
"Abotit the time he was admitted to the bar,
Air. Ridgely became involved in a duel, wliich
came very near costing him his life. The cir-
cumstances were as follows: Dr. Barratt, of
Dover, had been grossly insulted by a Air.
Shields, of AVilmington, and in accordance
with the spirit of the times, sought satisfaction
through the "code" and desired Air. Ridgely
to be the bearer of his challenge. The latter
did so, and Shields refused to meet Dr. Bar-
ratt, but challenged the bearer of the message.
Ridgely felt he was obliged to accept; the duel
was fought, he was severely wounded, and for
a time it was thought he could not live. He
recovered after a painful prostration, and pub-
lic feeling was so aroused against his antagon-
ist that he left AVilmington never to return.
(Scharfs Hist, of Delaware, A^ol I, p. 572).
The reason why Shields refused to meet Dr.
Barratt was that Dr. Barratt was a noted shot,
was a most determined man and evidently
meant liusiness, and he was afraid to take the
risk, while Ridgely, although a good marks-
man, was not as cool or experienced as him-
self. 'J'his the duel subsequently demon-
strated. (Told me in 1S84 i)y Nathl. Bar-
ratt Smithers, a grandson of Dr. Barratt"!
Dr. Barratt was commissioned a justice of the
peace September 5, 1793. (Scharfs Hist, of
Delaware, A^ol. II. p. 1040.) He was one of
the trustees of the first AFethodi^t Church,
niilt in 179G, at Camden, Delaware. The

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(Iced wa3 dated Jidy 27, 17iiG, for one half
acre from Daniel Lowber to Elijah Barratt
et ah, trustees for the people called iMethodidts
ill and about the village of Caiiulcii, on the
road from J)o\'(r to ('aiilerluiry. (Scharf'ri
Jlist. of Delaware, Vol. II. p. 1 i;i;).) In the
assessnieiit of taxes for the year 1^)1U, in Mis-
pillion and what is now billfold hundred, Dr.
Elijah 15ai'ratt'.s estate is returned as contain-
ing three Inindred and thirty acres. (Scharf's
Hist, of Delaware, ^'ol. 11. pp. 1175.) He
was nominated' January 21, 1702, as I'rivy
Councillor, at a meeting id' both Iloust's of
the Legislature, but was defeated. (Aliii.
Council Voh II. p. 1230.) lie died April 11,
ISOtt, and is buried in the family burying
ground.

Dr. Elijah l^arratt married Margaret
Fisher, a descendant of -Tohn Fisher, who
came with Penn on the "Welcome."' Their
children were: i. Lydia I3arratt, married .John
Smithors, February G, 1821; ii. ynsaii Fisher
Barratt, boni 1782, died ^larcli 2, 1M24, mar-
ried Xathaniel Sinithcrs; iii. Mary Barratt,
died August 7, 18.11, marrie(l tirst, 'riimuas
Orcen, second, Kobert 1!. diimii; iv. I'.liza
Bairatt, born in July, 17'.*2, died in I''ebrnary,
18(51, married Boy. AVilliam I'rcttymau; v.
Margaret Barratt, married "William Knatts;
vi. Edward Barratt, died young. Dr. Bar-
ratt's descendants are numbered among the
following families, well known in Kent coun-
ty: Smithers, (ireen, Jump, Knatt, Pretty-
man, Burchenal, Cowgill, Cannon, Freeman,
Lovering, Wiu-ner, Ijiing, (irahame, Sorden,
Lowe, Longfellow, Dill, Burton, ^Ldvim,
Fescendcn, Cainvell, "Welton, Bowie, Stime-
strcet, Almoncy, Lathrop and Pemberton;
but as he had no sons, tlie name of Barratt
has died out in this branidi of the family.

III. Caleb Barratt,' son of Philip' and
]\ririam Barratt, born ^May 17, 1702, died Xo-
vember 15, 1825, aged fifty-three years, and
leaving three children: i. Elijah, born in 1795,
emigrated to Indiana in 1830; ii. James, born
in 1797, removed in 1832 to Phihulelphia,
where he died February 12, 18G2. He mar-
riod ^fary Xcall, daughter of Jonathan Neall,
of Milford. Caleb Barratt cultivated the farm
in ^furderkill hundred beq\ieatlied to him by
his fatlier; and while he was well-known and
respected as a substantial farmer, he never
took any part in juiblic atfairs, cxrciit that he
was a]ip<iinte(l by the goveriiui- ;is coiiimis

sioner and assessor of real and personal prop-
erty for Kent county for the years 1819, '2U,
'21.

IV. Nathaniel Barratt, son of Philip and
^Miriam Barratt, born in 1773, died in 1797,
c'onteiited himself with carrying on farming.
Hon. Xathaniel Barratt Smithers, his grand-
nephew, is his namesake.

\'. J\Iary Jiarratt, daughter of Philip and
Miriam Barratt, married (leorge Willsoii.

\'ll. ]\Iiriaiii Barratt, daughter of Philip
and iliriam Barratt, married Thomas Martin-
dale, and had children, as follows: i. Thomas

^Martindale, married Sudler, and after

her death, Jarrett, and by these two

marriatres has six children: 1. Josephine, vdin
of Dr.'.Meily, 2. .Miriam (.Mi-s. X. B. Buck-
master), 3. Kli/.abeth (.Mrs. J. Frank Cam-
eron), 4. Bev. ThoiiuLs E., marrii-<l II. Haz-
zard, 5. Stephen, and *'.. William .Martindale;
and ii. Sarah.

VIII. Lydia Barratt, daughter of Philip
and Miriam liarratt, married William Patton,
and ha.l cliildreii: i. Mattliew; ii. Barratt Pat-
ton.

James Barratt, Sr., son of Caleb Barratt,
was born in 1797 on his father's farm near
Frcderica, Kent county, Delaware, and re-
moved to ^lilton in 1823, where he built and
occu]>ied the first brick house. lie ami (Jov-
eriior David Hazzard engaged in the grain
business, and also operated a bark mill, in
which the Hon. Joseph ]\laull was interested
with them. James l^arratt was one of the
re|)resentativesforSussexci)Uiity in the House
of Bei)resentatives during the session com-
mencing October, 1831, and was a director in
1831 and 1832 of the Georgetown Branch of
the Farmer'b State Bank of Delaware. He
was a member of tlie M;usoiiie fraternity and
connected with I'^nion Lodge, iS"o. 7, of Dover.
In 1832 he removed to Philadidphia and en-
gaged in the grain business with Samuel
Xeall, who M'as a native of ^Milford, Delaware,
under till' firm name of Xeall i Barratt, and
later as James Barratt tV Son. ^Much of their
bu^iness consisted of consignments ot grain
from Delaware, which arrived in Philadelphia
in small sloops and schooners of light draught,
which were in early times cidled shallops.
They carried 1,000 to 2,500 bushels of wheat,
corn and oats, and on arrival were uidoaded
by colored men from half bushel measures
. into bags, and sold on the wharf or stored in

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STATE OF DELAWARE ■ Iti^

tlitir wurc'hoiise, 402 South Delaware avenue. JJanatt, eldest cliilJ of Jauies and Mary 1.

Li IbJ-t he helped orgiUii/.e the Corn Kx- (Cuniining,-) Barratt, was burn Augu.-t 'J,

ehango of Philadelphia, and was its fifth JJ^5(J, and married, Noveudjer 7, IbbJ^, htlie,

l>residi'nt in 1859. dangliter of Kieiiard II. Watson, Kscj. Their

Jaiued JJarratt married Ellen i.eighton, cliildren are: I. UiehardWatsoii liarratt, horn

daughter of Dr. Robert and Aim (liarratt) Xovend)er 10, ISSi); 11. .Mary Irvine liarratt;

Dill, who died Ueccnilier'25, 1808. Tliey had HI. AVilliam Cummings Harratt. William

issue:, 1. Alfred Barratt, boru Februarv 14, C. i^arratt is the .secretary of the I'owellou

1823,'maiTied ilartha Cummins; II. danus Club, of AVe=t Philadelphia, and is conneeted

Barratt, Jr., Ixirn Deeemher 27, iM'd, mar- with the Eani Lino 8. S. Co.
riid -Mary Irvine Cummiug; III. ilary Bar- Xorris S. Barratt, seeond sou of the late

rati, born September 27, 1S28, died dt'ily 27, ^lary Irdne Cunuuings and James ]'>arratt,

Ib'JO; IV. Pobcrt Dill Barratt, boru Deeem- Jr., was born in the eity of Philadelphia Au-

ber 8, 1S29; V. Caleb Barratt, boru February gust 23, 1802; educated at private and imblic

IJ, 1S;J2, died Api-il, ISoo; VI. Anmi J!ar- schools, studied law and was admitted to the

ratt, burn August IC, 1838; VII. Klleu Bar- Philadelphia bar Deeember 1, 18S3, and is

ratt, born January 0, 184.'., dietl January !l, now engaged in the praetiee of his profession.

1845. ' " He has been Assistant City Solieitor of Phila-

Thc Corn E.xchange of Phihidelphia, now delphia .since ISltO, al-o solicitor for the liu-

hetter known by the more signifieaut name of reau of Puilding Inspeetors, mendier of the

the Commercial E.xehangc, "was eomposed of AVest I'hiladelphia Republican Clul) and

a membersliip conspicuous for loyalty to the Yoiuig lieiiublieans, and of the Historical

Pniun, and for zeal and liberality in sustaining Society of Pennsylvania, lie is a Past ]\[as-

the (iovermnent in all its efforts tu put down ter uf Lodge Xo. 2, Lrc^e and Accepted ;Ma-

tlie rebellion. Xone uf its members were m<>re .*ons, and Oriental ( haiiter, Xo. Is;'>, II. A. C.,

active in this work, and in sending into the as well as the Sous of Delaware of Philadel-

war a fully equipped regiment known as the ])hia, of which he was a charter memlier. ^Nlr.

"Corn Exchange," or 118th Pennsylvania Barratt has bt eu bistorian of that society

Volunteers, than James Barratt, Jr., who was since ISOO, and takes a dt-ep interest in his-

burn in ]\Iilton, Delaware, and who was toric'al matters, especially relating to Dida-

lirought to Philadelphia by his father wiieii a ware.

boy. He was admitted to the firm of James Xorris S. Tiarratt was married October 17,

Barratt & Son in 185G. James I'.arratt, Jr., 181)4, to Ellen, .laughter of Tiionuis IL Leyer-

represented the Seyenth ward in Conunon iug, of Baltimore, Aid. Their children are:

Coimcils in 18C2, 'C3, '04, '05, and on Janu- T. .Xorris Staidey liarratt, Jr., born August

ary 12, 1805, he was appointed one of the 27, 181)5; II. Thomas Levering Barratt, born

commissioners under the authority of Coun- Seiitember 20, IS'jO.

cils, to pay bounties to yolunteei-s. This com- •

mission distributed oyer twelve millions of
dollars. On May 25, 1805, he was elected a

'J'liE B.\i;ki;u Fa.mii.v.

port warden, and in 1807 ^vas elected vice- 'I'his is an old English family. Those of its

prc-sident of the Com Exchange. lie was numbers in the T'uited States whu are of

first lieutenant of the Corn Exciiange (inard, colonial ancestry may trace their lineage from

ami a member of Company D, First Bcgiment, four ancestors, all <d" whom left their English

Lodge 51, F. and A. iL, as well as of the homes in the seveuteenth ceului-y to try their

T^niun League. lie died February 2, 1872. fortunes in the splendid heritage then opening

James Barratt, Jr., married Mary Irvine to the Euglisli race. They were: Samuel

Ctnnmings, :May 10, 1855, and had four chil- P.aiker, burn in lOlS, settle,! in Xew Castle

dn-u: I. AVilliam Cummings Barratt, boin c.unty, Del., in lO^.'i; Iiubert Barker and his

.\n-nst It, IS.'.O, man-ied Effie Watson; II. liruther, John lini'ker (the hitti^r sometimes

Ellen Dill Barratt, born in April, 1858; II r. errum'uusly called Fraiu-is'), settled in Ply-

^lorris S. Barratt, bom Atigiist 2:!, 1M12, niuutli, ]\Iass., in 1 020, having duiibtless came

married Ellen Levering; IV. James Barratt, uver with the Pilgrims in 1020; and James

burn Septend)er 28, 1804. AVm. Cuniuiings Barker, uf Shro])shire, England, bom in 1017,

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164

BIOGUAPUICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

settled in Rhode Island in or about 1034, hav-
ing come over on the ship Mary and Juhn.
Samuel Barker was a lineal descendant of
John JJarkcr, of Shropshire, England, who
married, in 1549, Elizabeth Hill, a sister of
Sir IJowland Hill, the first I'rutestant Lord
^fayor of Lonthm. The two ^Massachusetts
Earkers, Robert and John, were doubtless de-
scendants of the same ancient and honorable
Rurker family of Shropshire, from which it
lias been found that Samuel Rarker, of Dela-
ware, and James Rarkci-, of Rhode Island, are
•descended. The Barkers were for many cen-
turies almost exclusively connected with
Shropshire, a county equalled liy few others
in England as to the number of its old historic
families.

The Herald's Visitations of Salap com-
mence the pedigree of this family, whose
name appears to have been originally Coverall
or C'alverhall, with Richard de Coverall, who
married Margaret Pigot, and then pass over
the intermediate generations to AVilliam Bar-
ker, also called Coverall, who married the
licircss of the Goulstons of Ooulst(ni. The
connecting links have been sup|)lied from the
Court Rolls of the ^fanors of Warfield and
Claverley, and after about 15 GO one begins to
find parish church registers. In Domesday
Book, !N'igellus, a clerk, was lord of the niaiKir
of Calverhall or Coverhall, after which it
passed into the king's hands, and he gave it to
"William de Dunstanvillc, wlio sublet it under
the feudal system to these de Calverhalls.

In the reign of Edward II, the overh>i'd of
the manor was BarthiJomew de Bedlesmero.
In the civil wars then continually waged, he
was attainted and hanged. The undertenants
of his manor probably shared in his disgrace
and fall, and two of them appear to have
fled southward, for in 1327 two men calling
themselves le Bercer and le Smythe are found
at Ilallon and Hilton in the parish of "War-
field, where they probably followed the call-
ings of shepherd and armorer respectively, and
founded the two Wariield families of Barker
and Smythe. Tradition averred that this Ber-
cer was "William de Calverhall; and his de-
scendants, when after two hundred years they
settled again the northern part of the county,
at Claverley, "Wolverton and Coleshurst, seem
to have reassumed the name of Cove,-; 11 as an
alias, so that they were known by both names.
Tlie name Barker is derived from the old Xor-

man "bercer," which signified the elected
herdsman of the village or manor.

Eollowing is the genealogical record of the
Barker family of Shropshire, England, from
the year 1200 A. D. to the birth in Eebruary,
1G48, of Samuel Barker, who in ]\Iarcli, 1GS5,
settled in New Castle county, Del. This was
ciun])iled from data collected tlirough years of
careful research by the Rev. William Gibbs
I'arkcr, of the Aston ifanor branch of the
family, who was born in 1811, and died in
Philadelphia, 1807. He was evidently a man
of high attainments and great intellectual
ability.

Record.

1. ]{andul]ih de Calverhall, tenant of the
manor of Caherhall, County Salap, England,
A. D. 1200.

2. William Fitz-Ralph de Calverhall, of
Blancminster, tenant in fee of William de
Dunstanvillc, A. D. 1219.

3. William de Calverhall, tenant, 1240-
1250. ]\Iarricd Wenkiana.

4. William de Calvcrluill, tenant, 12s4.
ifarried Aliiia.

5. Richard de Calverhall, tenant, 1319.
^Married ifargaret, daughter of Peter Pigut,
of Willaston, County Salap.

"I'lieii follow several generations of the de
Calverhalls, among them Roger de Calver-
hall, until the male line as tenants of the
manor of Calverhall became extinct, and the
estate descended to Agnes de Calverhall,
daughter and heiress, who married Hugh Dod,
of Edge, whose family possessed Calverhall
Manor until 1850.

But we find in 1327 AVilHara le Bercer, at
Ilallau, in Warfield, County Salap. ]Iis son
Roger le Barker, of Hallon, mariiexl Alice

, who survived him. He died in 1308,

possessed of large estates in Hallon. Roger
le Barker left two sons: I. AVilliam, of Hal-
lon, married ilargery, daughter of William
Whorwood, died in 1411; II. Robert, of Hal-
lon, wliose descendants long lived there. Wil-
liam Barker's son, Henry Barker, of Hallon,
married I^fargery, daughter and heiress of
Stephen Lovestick, of Hallan, wlio survived
her husband. Henry Barker obtained land at
Hallon from William Wlmrwood, and dic(l in
1438. He left a son, William Barker, of Hal-
lon, gentleman, who enjoyed great estates
there, married Ann, daughtrr of John Colvu-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

1C.5

sua Kuulowe, of Rowley, in Wai-field, and dioJ
in 14bU. This "William Baikur left two sous:
I. (Jeorgc Barker, of Hallon, who married
EUeii L'uinbcr, of Kinver, County Statf, and
had a daughter, Ann Jiarker, who was the
heiress of the Ilallou estate; which estate
passed by several heiresses to the Davenport
faniil}"-, which still holds it; II. John, who
married Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of
AVilliam Cireue, of Aston Manor, in Claver-
ley, Salap, and died at Aston in 1507, leaving
a son, John Barker, of Aston, who nian-ied
ilargaret , and died in 1531; she out-
lived him, and died in 1538.

Humphrey Barker, son of John and Mar-
garet ( ) Barker, had two sons: I.

Thomas Barker (alias Coverall); II. William
Barker (alias Coverall), who married first
Margaret, daughter and heiress of John Goul-
ston, of Goulston Cheswardine; she was
buried at Claverley, November 2G, 157(1; and
second, Frances, relict of William Whitmore,
of Aston; she died in 1538, before her hus-
band, who was buried at Claverley, Oct'ilier
30, 1590.

The children ■ of William and ^Margaret
(Goulston) luirker were as follows: I. John,
UKuried first to Joyce, daughter of Edward
Burton, and second, in 1519, to Elizabeth
Hill, sister to Sir Rowland Hill, tirst I'roteat-
ant Lord ilayor of London, from which latter
uuirriage the Bai-kers of Wolverton are de-
scended; II. AVilliam, of Coleharat, County
^^alap, who married Joan, daughter of Wil-
liam Home, and from whom the Barkers of
Coleharat, Hopton Castle and Fairfield are de-
scended; III. Bandulph, who for killing' a
man lied out of Shropshire, and from whom
the Barkers of Little Over and Yale Koyal,
Chester, are descended; IV. Richard.

Richard I^arkcr, of Ast(m Hall, fourth son
of William and ^Nlargaret (Goulston) Barker,
■ took the oath of allegiance to James I. He
was'buricd at Claverley, February 12, 1609.
His first marriage was with Joyce, daughter of
Richard dJclough, and they had children:
I. AVilliam, died young, in 1509; II. Jojm;
III. Frances, died in 15 7G; IV. Joan, born in
1572, died young. !Mistrcss Joyce' (Col-
doTigh) Tiarker died, and was buried in Claver-
ley, June 25, 1572. Richard Barker then
married ^lary, daughter of Thomas Graim^ir;
she died, it appears, without issue, and was

buried at Claverley, October 9, 1570. The
third marriage of Richard Barker was with
Agnes Ilutton, of Ileathton, November 21,
1578. Their children were: I. Richard; II.
Elizabeth, born in 1582, died young; ill.
Joan, born in 1581; IV. I'hilip, born in 1590,
died young; V. Jane, born in 1591, died
young; Yl. Thonuis, born in 1595. Mistress
Agnes (llatton) Barker survived her husband
eight years, died, and was buried at Claverley,
April 30, 1017. Thounis Barker, as the
tjuungest son, inherited Aston Manor. He
jiuirricd in 1021, Elizabeth, daughter of
Thonuis Sniytlie, of Hilton; Thomas Barker
died in 1014, and his wife in 1072; the}' were
the ancestors of the Barkei-s of Aston ilanor.
Aston Hall remained in the possession of the
Barker family for about three hundred years.
It came to John liarker, who died in 1509,
with his wife, Elizabeth Grene, the heiress
of Aston, and it remained with his descend-
ants until 1748, when :Mattliias Barker, the
heir, sold it. It afterwards passed into the
hands of the Bracebridges, and is the original
of Trving's Bracehrulge Hall.

John Barker, second son of Richard and
Joyce (Culclough) Barker, was bai)tized Oc-
tober 21, 1570. He was church warden at
Claverley church in 1020, and was buried
there ]\lay 11, 1038. He married in 1010
Eleanor, daughter of Nicholas Freglet(jii; she
was baptized at Claverley in 15S8, marrbvl
August 8, 1010, and was buried at Claverlev,
:\ray 1, 1040. Their son, John l^arker, of
A-ton, was bajiti/ed at Claverly, July 11,

1011, man-ied ]\farv , who survived

him, and was buried at Claverley, July 28,
1082. Thev had ehildren: T. Hilary, boni in
10:50; II. John, of Xether Hoo, was born in
Kill, married in 1700 to Elizabeth Wool-
ryche, and from them are descended the Bar-
kers of CongreAe: III. Frances, born in
1043, died in 1044; TV. :\Iargerv, born in
1044.

Richard Barker, who died in 1009, had by
In's wife, Agnes TTatton, a son, Richai-<1 Bar-
ker, who was bajitized Octo])er 20, 1579, and
buried April 25, 1030. He marrie.l Dorothy
Whorwood; their children were: T. Frances,
born and died in 1011; II. .\mlirose, liap-
tized August 20, 1012, ha.s no known descend-
ants; ITT. JoJm B.irker, baptized April 21,
1010; TV. Ri.'hanl Barker. l,orn in 1025.
.Ti.hn Bark'er, tin- third of the aliove named

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BloaUM'lllCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

fliiklrcu of Kielianl and 1 )urotliy (W'lior-
wuuJj liarker, liaJ bCN'cral chiltlrcUj aa ful-
luWi: i. Saimic'l, bajjlized at L'laverloy
church, Shrcjiiihire, Kiighiiid, I'Y'ljruary 'I'l,
lli-lS, emigrated, it appeals, lu "Xcw i'ing-
huid," JJehiwaro, boiiglit two Inuidred acres
of hind on Red Clay Creek, New Castle eoiui-
,ty, built himself a residence thereon, married
and left uiunerous descendants, died in 1720,
and was buried in Old Swedes' churchyard,
W'ihnington, Del., July 25, 1720 (see church
records); ii. Anne, born in 1(J51, died in
171:!; iii. Sarah, born in 1U53; iv. Joseph,
b<irn in l(J5(i, from whom the IJarkei-s of
Cokbhill, Warwickshire, England, are de-
scended; V. Jeremiah, born in 1(](J0, lias no
known descendants.

'J he Aston branch of the family ls now
(July, 18!.t8) represented by tlie following
living membei-s: Hev. Joseph Henry 15ar-
ker, born in 1809, residing at llerford, Eng-
land; Delavere Barker, born in ISKl, living
at l)iepi)e, Erance; Captain William Cecil
Pjarker, British Xavy, born in 18o9; Arthur
Kowlaiid Barker, architect, Winchtleld, Eng-
land, born in 18-12, and his sons, Kev. Arthur
Leigh Barker, born in 1870, Baymond Turner
I'arker, architect, born in \^~rl, Claude Ed-
ward Barker, born in 1874, and Cecil Vernon
Barker, born in 187G. The last named faniilv
are descendants of Bev. William (iibbs I'jar-
ker, and have full records of the Aston and
other branches of the family.

The oldest Barker family document extant
is believed to be one of which the following is
a co|)y. It was ^v^itten by Elizabeth, widow
of ^Matthias Barker, of Asliton .Manyr, who
died in 1727, aged 45.

"The life of ^Matthias Barker represented
to his children.

"Thy father was a strict observer of the
Sabbath, a constant Ercquenter of the Ordi-
nances, a diligent Beader of Cod's Word; a
Bejirover of Vice and an Enconrager of Vir-
tue; a diligent Instructor of his Eaiuily; he
was much in Braying, Laborious in his Calb
ing, Serviceable to his Xeighliors and Eaitli-
ful to his Eriends. In a Word, he was Tem-
perate, [Meek, Baticnt, Beaceable, irumble,
Honest, and Heaveidy-mindi^d. These and
the like Virtues were conspicuous in Thy
Eather; Co thoii and do likewise; I,uke 10th,
V. 57. Tho' your Eatlier bo dead and liurie<l,
let his Virtue^ live in vour Bractice.

"Altho' your father in the grave be laid,
Tread you his steps ; jou need not be afraid

But you llio heaven of lieavens bhall bee,
And reign wilh Uun to all eternity."

'J'he Hallon Manor, in Warheld, County
Salaj), the original family seat of the Barker
family, was in possession of the Barkei-s for
two huiKlred and lifty years when the heiress
married one of the W'annerton.s. It was
caHed Jlallon, after a Saxon chief of that
name, who fought a battle in the fields below,
and crossed the ri\er at the spot now called
Hallon's Eord.

With regard to the wives of these Barker
ancestoi-s: 'The Bigots of Willaston were
an old Shropshire family, elaiming descent
from one Boger Bicot, who came from Nor-
mandy, in lOliO; the Whorwoods of Comp-
ton and Babbington were a Statfordsliire
family who afterwards intermarrie<l a good
deal with the Barkers. William Whorwood
left some lands in Hallon to Henry, son of
William Barker; of the Lovesticks of Hallon
nothing is known, but ]\largery was a consid-
erable heiress; the name is probably a corrup-
tion from Lostock, the Bowleys of Bowley are
an old and renowned "Wartield family, their
original name being lioulowe. One of Anne's
ancestors, Boger de Boulowe, was slain at
Evesham, fighting one of the rel)ellious barons,
but the name was probably Saxon rather than
Xorman in its origin; the Crenes of Aston; it
was by maiTiage with their heiress that th.c
Barkers obtained most of the Aston estate.
The pedigree goes back for several genera-
tions, but with no detail; they seem to have
been originally Yorkshire folk. The Col-
cloughs were an old StafFordshire family of
consideration; Bichard, the father of Joyce,
was mayor of N"ewcastle-nnder-Tyne in 1478,
and married a daughter of tho well known
Havenjiort family.

The descendants of Samuel Barker (1085)
of Xew Castle county, Bel., as com])ilcd by
Jesse J. Barker, of Bl'iiladelphia, in ISliS, are
as follows:

Samuel Barker wa.s ba])tized in Clavorley
(diurch, County Salap, England, Eebruary
22, 1 048. To Samuel I'arkor a grant was madf;
by William Bonn, March 27^ 1085, of two
huiidre<l acres of land in Christiana hundred,
lu'ar what is now called Barker's Bridge, 1^(4.
This was the old homestead of the Barker

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STATE Or I) K LAW All E

1G7

family, and rfuiainud in tlieir hands until the
death of William Uarker, about ISIU.
yauiuel Ijarkt-r, 1, dic-d intestatu in J uly,
f TiiU, at an advanced age, and was huiied ni
Uld Sweih'b' c-huivhyard, in W ilniiuyldM,
J)el., July L'j, 17:^0. 'lie left four chihiivn:
1. Jc«ej)li, '2, who died about January, 17.')');
il. Danifl, l', who dieil about 175U; 111.
^lary, •!, married in ISt. Paul's church, Ches-
ter, i*a., Sei)teniber 2o, 1700, to William
Kirliard^t)n; 1\'. Anna (Mre. William
llii-k>). All of these children left descend-
ants.

dosejih Barker, 2, son of Samuel ]3arker, 1,
was married September 27, 171lJ, in Old
Swedes' church, Wilmington, to .lohaniia
C'laytoii. He died about January 20, n.'i.'i,
which was the date of probate of his will, leav-
in<;- tlireo children, but no widow; both his
wife and their daughter, Mana, born Se])tem-
ber 24, 171S, having apparently died bcfoie
liim. The surviving chililren were: 1.
Samuel,;!; II. Kebecea, 3 (Mrs. Few); 111.
Susanna, .'5 (Mi's. Edward Carrill), marrit'il
in Old Swedes' church, AVihnington, in 1714.
Samuel Barker, 3, son of Joseph, 2, and
Johanna (Clayton) Barker, was born, it ap-
]iears, at the old liarker homestead, near liar-
ker's Dridge, Xew Castle county, Del., .March
20, 1721; the birthplace of all his children
seems to have been the same. lie was bap-
tized in 01(1 Swedes' church, Wilmington,
March 21, 1721. He died in 1801$; his will
was probated October 27 of the same year.
Sanuiel liarker, 3, was mari-ied to llachel,
daughter of Jeremiah Ball; she was born
July 24, 17.32, and survived her husband,
lie was a vestryman at St. James' church,
Stanton, Del., in'l701-92, and in 1801. His
children were as follows: I. ilary, 4, born
about 1752, married !May 9, 1773, at New
Castle, Del., to Moses McKnight; 11.
Jiticph, 4, born June 10, 17.54, married three
times, (1) ^larv Collins, (2) Agnes Sipjile,
(3) Margaret Laws; TIT. Esther, 4, (Mr-^.
'riieo]jliilus Evans), born in- August, 17."i7;
IV. Abuer, 4, born July 31, 17<)0, removed
to Pittsburg, Pa., and in 1800 married Ellen
Scandrett; Y. Jeremiah, 4, born February
22, 17(14, married Sally, daughter of (iov-
ernor lletb, of Virginia; VT. William, 4,
born near Parker's Pridge, Del., served dni--
iiig the war of the Pevolution in a Delaware
regiment, was in the battle of the Erandywine

and other engagement.-^, never married, died
about lb40 on the Parker homesti'ad near
Stanton, Del.; VII. Padiel, 4, (.Mrs. Jo.-^eph
Kvans), born Oetober 24, 1 ?(;!•; N'lll.
-Miraham, 4, was a vestryman of St. .lames'
church, Stanton, Del., in 17:»7, died .soon
after his father from the kick of a horse; JX.
J esse.

Jesse Parker, 4, youngest son of Sannnd
and Kachel (Ball) Parker, was born about
1772, and died unmarried in New York City,
July 2(), lb,52. Jn early lite he left the old
homestead, and with his t)rothers, Abner,
Joseph and Jeremiah, went to ri'side in Pitts-
burg, Pa. lie and Abner were large and suc-
cessful merchants there, prospering greatly.
,\<.-i^{i. Jiarker withdrew from the tirni about
1.^07 or 1808, and after traveling for a time,
settled in Paris, France, where he became a
banker and broker in the Pourse, and made a
large fortune. In July, 1,S12, he returned to
America, and settled in New ^'ork, where
his death occurred July 28, l!sr)2, at the a"e
of about eighty years.

Joseph Jiarker, eldest son of Sanuiel and
Pa.diel (Ikll) Parker, .served with distinction
in the Pevolntionary War; he was captain >!
the ship General ffoitlyumery (marines), 14
guns, 120 men, in I77(i, and of the Artillery
in 1777. His burial place is at Parker's Land-
ing, near Magnolia, Del. Mary Collins, to
whom Joseph Parker was married February
■21, 1771), was born May 25, 1703, daughter
of lion. Thonnis Collins, last colonial gov-
ernor of Delaware; she died December 27,
17113, survived by four of her si.\ children.
On February 7, 1797, Joseph Barker married
Agnes Sijiple, who died Novend)er 12, of the
same year. The third wife of Captain Parker
was .Margaret, eldest daughter of Hon. John
Laws, formerly judge of the Court of Com-
mon Pleas of Sus.sex county, Del. She was
born in 1777, married February 19, 1799,
and died August 2, 1S19, in the forty-third
year of her age. Her remains were interred
ill the Old Swedes' churchyard, Wilmington.
Tlie children of Joseph and Mary (Collins)
Parker were as follows: T. lOlizabeth, 5, born
October 30, 1781, died at the age of eleven
vears; TL Sarah, .'">, born September 28,
1783, died in 1803; TIL Maria, 5, born Oe-
tober 3, 1785, married January 28, 1803, to
Dr. Cieorgo Stevenson, of Pevolutionarv
faiiH^, left descendants, among whom are the

915
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STATE OF DELAWARE

171

British j\'avy; she was born Juue 5, ISOD, at
tlie uaval sUitiou in JJuutry liay, Irehmd, and
died in Thiladelphia, Pa., Aiarcli 12, J88y.
I'lie children uf iiichard \i. and Eliza (Hun-
ter j JJarker were: 1. Iviehard liutler [<>), born
A\igust 20, Ib'll, died January 20, lS2b;
11. I'hnily IJewees (0), born ^'oveniber It,
lt52S, died Alay 25, 1S33; 111. Al)ner (0),
born .M'areli 4, 1831, died February 5, l6;i;J;
VI. Eliza (0), born April 2U, 1833, died Alay
27, 1S04, married in 1852 to Janietj Craft,
had two children, i. Ada 13. (7), ii. Harry M.
(7), born .ill ue 'J, 1850, married Deceiidjcr 11,
1888, to ^lary Watson, who was bom in
1807, has four cliildren: Helen (8), born Oc-
tober 31, ]88'.», Alexander (8), born .March 'J,
ISUl, Henry .M. (8), born December 14,

18'J3, and , bom June 27, 18'J5; \'. Ellen

(0), born October 7, 1835, died ^lay 27,
1837; W. ilary (0), born December ^5,
1837, died September 4, 1853; Vll. Frank
(G), born February 27, 1840, died January 0,
1841; Vlll. Ada (0), born September 2,
1844, died January 17, 1850; IX. Jesse J.
(G), born at Beaver, Pa., December 28, 1S4G,
married January 20, 1873, to ilary W.,
dan^'litcr of James Ilyndshaw Cook, who was
bom September 29, 1851, and has six chil-
dren, i. lialph Emei-son (7), born July G,
1874, ii. Elizabeth Cook (7), bom April 7,

1877, iii. Edith (7), bom September 27,

1878, iv. Neville (7), born April 8, 1880, died
i^lay 18, 1882, v. Pierce (7), born August 30,
1883, vi. Pnth Mary (7), born June 2, 1885;
X. James K. Butler (G), born :\Iarch 23, 1849,
died X'ovember ^7, 1803.

Ellen Entler Barker (5), third daughter of
Abner and Ellen (Scandrett) Barker, wa.s bom
in Pittsburg, Pa., July 19, 1818, and (1898)
is still living. She was married, ^larch 21,
1837, to Samuel P. Adams, grandson of Sam-
uel Adams, signer of the Declaration of In-
dependence. They had children as follows:

I. Edgar (0), born April 9, 1838, married
Barbara P. Trimble, who was born in 1843,
died in 1887, and liad children, i. Ida (7),
born Septendier 2S, 1804, ii. George T. (7),
bom October 3, 1867, died October 5, 1807;

II. Emma (G), hom Julv 27, 1840, died Julv
17, 1842; III. Horatio Nelson (0), bora Au-
gust 24, 1842, died in Louisville, Kv., May
7, 1884, married in 18G7 to America Corn-
wall, who was born in 1845. had children, i.
!Marie P. (7), born ^fay 7, 1871, married O,-

10

tober25, 1890, to Sanmel Dalrymple, ii. Ellen
L. (7), born December 29, 1870; i\'. ^lilton
Butler (Oj, U. S. A., born April 11, 1845,
married -May 1, 1878, to Anna AV. Lewis,
horn in 1855, has children, i. Carl Nelson (7),
born February 22, 1879, ii. Lewis Milton (7),
born :May 22, 1882; V. Elma (0), bom Feb-
ruary 17, 1848, married November 13, 1873,
to I honias Tanner, wiio was born April 13,
1843, and died June 29, 1898, had one child,
Ailams Plummer (7), bom July 10, 1870;
VI. Samuel Phunmer (G), born December 9,
1850, married August 21, 1877, to Fannie C.
Powers, who was born in 1857, has foiu' chil-
dren, i. Ola aMay (7), born November 12,

1878, ii. Elma J>. (7), bom January 20, 1880,
iii. Fannie C. (7), born July 11, 1882, iv,
Leila (7), born Ajiril 30, 1891; VII. Lola (G),
born July 20, 1853, died in infancy; Vlll.
Mary (0), born November 7, 1855.

I'homas A. Barker (5), sixtii son of Abner
and Ellen (Scandrctte) Barker, bom April 0,
1821, died February 15, 1859, was married to
Eliza Okely, who was bom October 21, 1820,
and died ilarch 27, 18G2; they iiad children
as follows: 1. Ocorge Okely (0), bom Ai>ril
28, 1844, died October 0, 1849; II. Frank A.
(0), bom January 9, 1847, died November 9,

1879, married Emma Noble, had one child,
Harry N. (7), born August 29, 1872; III.
Harry T. (0), born August 28, 1849, manned
Annie V. ^McLean, liad children, i. George
ifcLean, bom April 24, 1874, ii. Adele, born
June 0, 187G, eacli died aged aliout eleven
years; IV. Ellen O. (0), bom March 11, 1854,
manned Henry C. Brown, has children, i.
Edith O. (7), born October 25, 1884, li. a boy
who died in infancy.

George Stevenson Barker (5), youngest soa
of Abner and Ellen (Scandrett) Barker, was
born in Pitt.sbufg, Pa., June 21, 1824, and
died at New Brigliton, Pa., Jan\iary 11, 1892;
was married Se]itend)cr 14, 1847, to Rebecca,
daughter of David Iloopes, who was born Feb-
nuary 8, 1824, died in 1898; they had chil-
dren as follows: T. Charles A. (G), born April
10, 1849, married Seiitomber 14, 187G, to
Jean D., daughter of Thomas Farley, has
children, i. Annie F. (7), born Octol>er 19,
1877, ii. Rebecca L. (7), born August 10,
1879, iii. Jean Darsie (7), born November 19,
1882, died December 23, 1888, iv. diaries
A. (7), bora November G, 1803; II. Louis H.
(G), born September G, 1851; III. William

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172

BIOanAPJlICAL I'JXCVCLOPEDTA

S. (U), Lorn February 2-i, 1855, ditti JJcceia-
ber '25, lbi)'2, married Elizabeth Alakeuwii,
hud children as follows, i. liiehard (^Tj, died
an infant, ii. Katheriue, iii. Eleanor (7); IV.
i'rederiek (J. (OJ, born September lU, 1857,
mariied (1) (Jertnulc 'i\i\VM>eiid, who died
without issue in 18S9, and (2) in 18D0, her
sister, Juliette Townsend, has children, i. (ier-
' trude (7), died in 1890, aged four yeai-s, ii.
Dorothy (7), born May 5, 1894, iii. Kebeeca
(7), and iv. Cieorge S. (7), twins, born Septem-
ber 8, 1895; V. Caroline II. (tj), bom January
23, 1800, married Henry A. Burnett, hus chil-
dren, i. Robert, ii. George (7), born in 1888;
VI. Elizabeth II. (6), born November 27,
1803, niamed David A. Gurdeii, hud chil-
dren, i. Grace, died young, ii. Ihivid A., Jr.
(7), born in 1895.

^lary Barker (4), eldest daughter of Sam-
uel and ]iaehel (Bull) Darker, was married
^May 9, 1773, to M*^ises ilcKnight, who died
Juu"uary 29, 1802. Their children were: I.
^Villium (5), who married Catherine, daugh-
ter of Joseph and Ann (Caldwell) McClurg,
had children, i. ]\Iary Ann (0), died w^itliout
issue, ii. Joseph (0), married (hrst) ^lury A.
Acliison, had two children, and (second) Mi\v-
paret Acliison, by whom he had .seven chil-
dren, iii. AVillium (0), married Surah Ormsby,
had eleven children, iv. Dobert (0), man-ied
Elizabeth O'llarrali Denny, had ten children,
v. James A. (0), married (1st) ilartha A. Og-
den, had two ciiildren, secondly Surah .M.
Kliddes, had two children, vi. George S., mar-
ried (tirst) Caroline Yeo, no issue, secondly,

Amelia -s , had three children, vii. Charles

((■>), married Jeanie Baird, had six children,
viii. Henry (6), died without issue, i.\. Ivl-
ward (0), died witho\it issue, II. Isabella (0),
who died March 13, 1831, who was nmrried
in Dei'cmber, 179S, to James Ball, who was
born in 17(!4, died in 1S23; their children
were, i. "William !McKnight (6), born Mardi
12, 1800, ii. :Nfary, born in 1804, died niuaur-
ried in 1840, iii. Susan (0), born in 1807. diecl
unmarried in 1828, iv. Hannah (O), born .May
10, 1810, died :May 3, 1887. v. James AV. ((i)
l.oru November 28, 1814, died :Nray 22, ISC.I ,
vi. Jesse Barker (tl), lioru November 12,
1818, died January 17, 1800, vii. Annabell.i
(0), horn October'SI, 1820, die<l October .'..
1885; ITT. Sarah (5), nnirried to Tsuae
Hdlmes; TV. .Tohn (5), died unmun-ied in

-May, 1851, aged si.\ty-seven; \'. Kachel (0),
tiled unmarried in 1804.

Joseph (0), eldest son of William and Cutli-
erine (,\lc( lurg) .McKuiglit, and his tirst wife,
.Mary (Achison) McKnight, had two ciiildren;
by his second wife, Margaret (^.Vchisun) .Mc-
Knight, he had seven children; lii.s family wus
us follows: 1. Willium (7), murried Kate,
daugiiter of Dr. Abraham uud Jane (Davis)
Senseny, hus children, i. Joseph, ii. William,
iii. Edgar S. , iv. Alice, v. Bessie, vi. Arthur,
vii. JMarcns A., viii. Mary A., IF. David .\.

(7), nuirried ^fellie , uu issue; 111. J<,-

bcph (7), married Belle , t\v<^ children;

IV. Kate (7), married John Speer, hus chil-
dren: i. .Margaret, ii. J. Ham.~ey, iii. Joseiih
.McK'night. iv. ilenrielta (Mrs. (ieorgu
l.aughlin), has one child, tieorge Laughlin,
Jr., v. Nellie ]McK.; V. Hany C. (7), mar-
ried Elizabeth Henderson, has children, .
]{obert, ii. Joseph, iii. .Margaret, iv. Harry
C., v. Rebecca, vi. Webster H.; VI. Mary
Ann (7), murried AVilliam Uced, had chil-
dren, i. .Margaret, ii. Catherine, iii. Thomas,
\U. Alexander A. (7), has two children;
A'lII. .Margaret A. (7), married John S. Lyon,
has children, i. J. Stewart, ii. Afarguret, iii.
Fanny, iv. Anne, v. Catharine; IX. Nellie
(7), died .March — , 1889.

William .McKnight (0), second son of Wil-
liam and Catherine (.McClurg) McKnight, und
his wife Sarah (Ormsby) .McKnight, had chil-
dren as follows: I. Kate (7), (^Irs. Josojih
^IcCammon), had chiMren, i. Joseph, ii.
Ormsby, iii. .Vhby, iv. Kdith; II. William
(7), died without issue; III. Ixobert O. (7),
died without issue; IV. Wharton (7), married
Elizabeth Ilersli, had children, i. Cornelia,
ii. AVilliam, iii. Sarah O. , i\-. Eliza, v. Loui>a;
V. Charles (7), died without is^ne; \'l. llenrv
(7), died without issue; VII. Jane O. (7i;
VIII. (7) (.Mrs. William Watson), has chih
dren, i. Ormsby, ii. IMarie; IX. Emeline (7),
man-ied Rev. Samuel Ala-xwcll, D. D., has one
child, Kmeliue; N. Edward (7), died without
issue; XI. Thomas Reed, mai-ried Lydia ^le-
Mechin.

Ifobert .McKnight (0), third son of Wil-
liam and ('atherine (.McClurg) ]\IcKnight,
was boi'u January 27, 1820. died Oi-t.iber 25,
1885, was nian'ie<l in 1847 to Elizabeth
O'llara Dennv, had children as follows: I.
Harmon D. (7) ;Ih Woodruff (7), married Cora

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STATE OF DEL.UVARE

173

JJordenj 111. Kate Cassatt (7); IV. Bessie D.
(7), Uiarricd ^lajor Tlioiuas J. (Ji'egg, U. S.
.\., has cliildruii, i. Elizabetli, ii. Alartba, iii.
J^lleii, iv. Alice; V. Henry (7j; VI. I'lora (7;,
iiianied iu lbb7 to William L. i''ieice, lias
children, i. Elizabeth, ii. AViliiaui, iii. Ivub-
ert; \'ll. ^lary S. (7), died iu lijUU, une year
old; \'ll'i. liobert (7j, died in IbsD, wiiliout
issue, aged twenty-eight; IX. Philip S. (7j,
died ill lbG5, ..ged two years; X. Alice .\1. (7j,
died in -May, 1654, aged eiglitecn.

Jauies A. -McKnight {S>), iVairtii sou of Wil-
liam and Catherine (.McL'lurgj -McKniglit,
married, tii-bt, Martha A. Ogdeu, iutd three
children; rccoudly, Sarah Al. Khodes, had two
children; the family is as follows: I. Kliza O.
(7), (-Mrs. George Breck), has children,
i. Alary, ii. George; II. Mary (7), deceased;
III. Bobeita (7); IV. Stella S. (7); V. Wil-
liam It. (7).

(leorge S. AIcKnight, fifth son of AVilliain
and Catherine (McClurg) Alclvuight, had by
liis first marriage, with Caroline Yoe, no i>sue;

by his second marriage, with Amelia ,

he liad children: I. Isabella (7); II. William
(7): 111. Alary (7).

Chai'lcs .McKiiight (0), sixth son of Wil-
liam and Catherine (AlcCliirg) .\fcKuight,
born Sc]itcml)er 24, 1826, unimed Jeauie
Baird and had children: I. Thomas II. 15. (7);
II. Ellen (7); IIL Charles, Jr. (7), man-ied
Eliza Wilson, has children, i. Bachrl, ii.
Charles, iii. Bobcrt; IV. Alary B. (7); V.
Jeanie (7): VI. Eliza (7).

The descendants of Isabella AlcKnight (5),
eldest daughter of-AIoses and Alai-y (Barker)
AIcEniglit, and her husband, Jauies Ball, are
as f.ilh.wv: T. William AlcK. ((>), married
Airs. Bachel Jewett, widow, had one child,
James 11. (7); II. Alary (6); III. Susan
(()); IV. Hannah (6), born Alay 10, 1810,
died Alay ?>, 1887, was married in 18:59 to
Samuel D. N^ewlin, who was born Octolier 1,
■ISO.-), died July 2.'), 188.-., had children, as
follows, i. James B. (7), born September 2.5,

1840, died , married, in 1877, Emma

J. Clark, ii. Charles Al. (7), born August 12,
1842. died niuuarried July 3, 1894, iii. Har-
riet T. (7), born September 18, 1843, iv.
Alary A. (7), born Februarv, 1840; v.
Alonzo (7), bora May 27, 1847,' died July 1,
1892, married, in 1871, Anna J. Jones, who
was born iu 1850, had three children, Dorii,
bi.rn l'>72, Alonzo, born 1874, and James .\.,

born 1875, vi. Jessie (7), died iu infancy;
V. James W. (6), boni"November 28, 1814,
died Alay 22, 1801, married Ann Grithn, had
one child that died in infancy; VI. Jesse
Barker ((J), born Novemljer 12, 1818, died
January 17, 1890, married, in 1851, Alarj' O.

Draper, who was born , died in 1872;

their children are, i. Isabella AIcK. (7), born
January 17, 1852, married, in 1809, to
William L. Hanna, who was born December
25, 1848, has children, 1. Alary E. (8), (Mrs.
William K. lliggins), born October 24, 1870,
died Septcnd)er 28, 1895, had cliildi-en, Heis-

Jer (9), bom iu 1891, and Mary (9), born in
1893; 2. James B. (8), born July 30, lb73,
died February 4, 1890; 3. Willard E. (Sj,
born December 5, 1875; 4. Lulu E. (8), born
X'o\-ember 10, 1878; 5. Jesse B. (8), born
June IS, 1881; 0. Annabel (8), born Novem-

■ber 4, 1880; 7. Laura E. (8), bora June 10,
1889; ii. James Washington (7), born Alarch

7, 1854, died iu 1885, uuirricd Alatilda Lister,
had one child, James B. (8), born January
25, 1872; VII. Annabella (0), bora October
10, 1820, died October 5, 1885, man-ied
Charles F. Town), who died in 1880, had
children, i. Anna (7), born in 1845, died
Ajtril 24, 1885, was juarried in 1807 to El-
wood AlcKee, had one child, Francis T. (8),
born January 30, IbOM, married October 10,
1895, to Harriet Afitchcll, who was bom June
27, 1870, ii. James Ball (7), ])orn Xoveniber
18, 1853, died in February, 1857.

The descendants of Bachel l^arker, third
daughter of Samuel and Bachel (Ball) Bar-
■kcr, l)orii Oct(Jicr 24, 1709, dicil December
31, 1S5S, was luarried .June l.'l, 1794, to
Josejdi Evans, a brntlicr of Oliver Kvans, the
inventor, bom August 0, 1760, are as follows:

I. Ann (5), born X^ovenibcr 15, 1795, died
unmarried July 7, 1812.

II. Alary ("Polly"), (5), born Se])teniber

8, 1797, died Xovember 8, 1SS5, married to
John Bobiuson, had children, i. ]\lary A. (0),
(Mrs. Fisher), had six children, Benjamin Cr.
(7), Alacy A., Evans B., Sallic E., Alartha
and Joseph, Charlotte, Shadrach T.,
Grace and James vS. ; iii. Elinor J. H. (G)
(Afrs. Lsaac Amos), had six children, Benja-
min S. (7), Sarah F., Joseph E., Alartha E.,
.\iniie E., auil Calvin Amos; iv. George (0),
had one child, Charles Evans (7); v. Thomas
E. (0), had seven cliildren, Frances (7),
William ^1.. Elizabeth B., Macv, Josephine,

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174

BIOaUArillCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Xaomi J. and Roberta; vi. Kacliel S. (0)
(Mi-s. Nathan Ueau), had seven ehil(h-eu,
AVilliam E. (7), Joseph E., Nathan II., IKiiry
li., John L., -Mary A. and ^Morris M.; vii.
John (0), died in 1824, aged three yeai-s; viii.
Enincis A. (0), died in 182G, aged one year;
ix. Joseph E. (C), born September 15, 1817,
died September 27, 1891, married Lavinia
Price; X. Asbui-y (G), died in infancy.

III. Leah (5), born Alareh 3, ISOO, died
August 2y, 18C9, was married in ilay, 1824,
to Francis A. \Vhitaker, wlio was born in Xo-
vember, 1799, died in ^larch, 18713, had
children, i. Emeliiie (G), born June 5, lb25,
married Dr. Samuel B. Irwin, who died ^lay
19, 189G, had four children, 1. Anbury E.
(7), 2. Samuel, .'3. Ella V. (-Mrs. J. II. (ilis-
son), and 4. Alphonso, who married Anna
Hires, and had two children, I). Hayes A. and
!Margai-et A.; ii. Kacliel E. (G), born Marcli

1, 1827, mamed tii-st to Kev. W. Camiibell,
had cliildren, 1. Annie E., 2. "William, after-
wards married Johnson Simj)es, and had
children, 1. Jolni F., 2. E. Everett; iii. Jo-
seph E. (G), bom October 29, 1.S29, died
June 7, 1853; iv. Eliza A. (G), born January
23, 1833, married Dr. Charles T. Simpers,
had children, Francis W. (7), Gertrude,
Charles T., Alfred S., J. Ford and Eliza W .;

V. William II. (G), born February 19, 1835,
married, in 18G3, ^lary E. Xeafie, had
children, 1. Jacob N. (7), who married Keba
Xoblit, and had two children, Jacob N. (8),
and Ethel L., both of whom died in infancy;

2. Anna L. (7) (ilrs. Horace Hchnbold), who
had three children, Jacob X. (8), Horace IL,
and one that died an infant; vi. Frances L.
(6), bom December 17, 1837, was married,
in 18G6, to Rev. James H. Payran, has four
children, James II. (7), Mary L., Olive W.
and Alice A.

IV. Rachel (5), t\vin sister of Leah, born

March 3, 1800, died , married James

Tweed, of Delaware; V. Thomas J. (5), born
December 7, 1801, died young, unmarried;

VI. Evan "W. (5), bom November 8, 1803,
died young, unmarried; VII. Jesse Barker
(5), bom October 12, 1805, died young, un-
married; VITI. Oliver F. (5), born July 25,
1807, married, died without issue; IX. Ab-
ner P.arker (5), bom IMarch 5, 1809, diwl
young, unmarried; X. Oeorge (5), liorn
March G, 1811, died young, unmarried; XL

' Joseph (5), born December 20, 1812, died
young, unmarried.

The descendants of Esther Barker (4),
second daughter of Samuel and Rachel (Rail)
Barker, born in August, 1757, died May 27,
1810, married to Theophilus Evans, a brother
of Oliver Evans, the inventor, born Septem-
ber 23, 1753, died December 2G, 1809, are as
follows: I. William (5), born X'ovember 2G,
1785, died December 30, 1818; II. Mary
("Polly") (5), l)oni in June, 1789, died Sep-
tember 21, lhG7, was married to James
Drumniond, who died June 9, 182G, aged
about thirty-two, had children, i. Evan, born
August 25, LS18, died without is.sue June
29, 1S43; ii. Mary A. E. ((J), born N'ovendx-r
G, 1820, died April 21, 1890, married .May
24, 1842, to Hiram Ball, who was born Sep-
tendjer 3, 1819, died December 11, 1891, had
nine children, of whom six were li\-ing in
189G; iii. John Wesley (G), bom January 20,
1825, died September 13, 188!), man-ied" Cor-
delia E. Standiford, XWendjer 27, 1851;
III. Ann (5), who died June 20, 1845, un-
married; IV. Rachel (5), born in 1791, died
-March 10, 1865, unmarried; V. Cliaries (5),
born in 1794, died :\Iay 22, 18G8; VI. John
(5), bom ]\Inrch 8, 1801, died October 23,
182G.

The children of Mary A. E. Drumniond
(G~), eldest child of James and Mary (Evans)
Drumniond, and her husband Hiram Ball,
were as follows: I. ;Marietta (7) (Mrs.
AVilliam F. Ely), bom March 23, 1843, died
A\m\ 4, 1883, had chil.lren, i. Caroline (8)
(Ah-s. Grant); ii. AVilliam F. ; iii. Janied L.
(8); iv. Charles E. (S); v. Frank (8); vi.
John B. (8); vii. Bettie (8); viii. Alarj- E.
(8); ix. Thaddeus (8); II. Georgiana (7)
(Airs. J. C. Ely), born February 7, 1845, has
children, i. Anna il. (8); ii. Lillian E. (8);
iii. (iertrude E. (8); iv. James E. (8); IIL
AVilliam E. (7), bom January 13, 1847, died
October 10, 1847; IV. Elizabeth S. (7)
(Airs. John Hess), has children, i. Alollie AL
(8); ii. Jennie E. (8); iii. Rachel E. (8); iv.
James B. (8); v. Edward AL (8); vi. Frank
E. (8); y\\. Delmar (8); viii. Alyrtle \. (8);
Y. Rachel E. (7), born April 21, 1851, mar-
ried in 187G to Charles Hess, has children,
i. Charies B. (8); ii. Emma E. (8); iii. James
B. (8); iv. Alary A. (8); v. XVllie AL (8);
AM. John W. (7), born Alay 1, 1854, mar-

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STATE OF I) E LAW. [BE

175

ried ^fartlia J. Curry, who was born in 1851),
lias fliildreii, i. Charles ('. (8); ii. Mary K.
(8); iii. Xellie (S); iv. James Chandler (8);
V. Carrie L. (8); VII. Charles D. (7), born
Jiilv 24, Lsr.d; Vlir. James D. (7), born
]\Iareh 28, 18(ii); IX. Franklin E. (7j, bom
]\Iareh 2C, ISGl, died July 8, 180-t.

Followiufr is a record of the descendants
of Daniel Jiarker (2), son of Samuel liarker
(1), of Xcw Castle county, Del., 1085:

Daniel Barker (2) died about 1750. lie
inan-ied Elizabeth Nicliolas; they had ^ix
children, as follows: I. Doreas (.3); 11.
IU)bert (.1), the eldest son, was nmrried Octo-
ber 10, 1704, to Deborah Jordan, in Old
Swedes' eliurch, Wilmington; III. John (ii),
was married in Old Swedes' elnireh, Wiinung-
ton, Del., September II, 170.';, to ^liriam
Craip, and was living in 1775; IV. Nieholas
(3), born -May 8, 1737, died :March 24, l.s20,
niarrie<l Uannah Allen; V. Sanniel (3), mar-
ried -Margaret Cireentield, April 25, 1703, in
Old Swedes' eliureh, AVihiiiugton; \\.
Elizabeth (3) (Mrs. Barry).

I'iie descendants of Xieholas Barker (3),
third son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Nicholas)
Barker, and his wife Hannah Allen, accord-
ing to data furnished by Anderson il. Bar-
ker, of Kem]rs ilills, X. C, are as follows:
Xieholas Marker, niamed Hannah, daughter
of John and I'hebe Allen, who was born July
10, 1741, died December 10, 1834; they
settled ill Baudolph co\inty, X. C., and had
six children: I. -Vmy (4) (Mi's. Charles C!ox),
l)orn January 18, 1704, died May 1!), 1839;
IT. Elizalietii (4), born May 17,' 1700, died
of cancer while on the way {(> Indiana; 111.
Abner (4), bom August il, 17(iH, date of

death unknown, nuirried Lydia , and

removed to Indiana, they had children, i. -\a-
than (5), ii. Xieholas "(5); IV. John (4),
born April 7, 1771, died April 3, 184:», mar-
ried fii-st Mary Osborne, and secondly, Itutli
^[endenhalh had children by both man-iages,
as follows: i. Simeon (5), born October 1!',
1703; ii. Xieholas (5), born October 3(1,
1705; iii. ]\Iatthew (5), born Xovemlxr 11,
1707; iv. ]\!ary (5), bom Xovember i:»,
1700; v. Edith" (5), bom March 3, ISOI ; vi.
Bachel (5), bom December 8, 18112; vii.
Amy (5), born August 7, 1804; viii. Enoch
(5),' born December 20, 1800; ix. John (5),
bom ]\rarcli 11, 1800; .x. Elizabeth (5), bom
February 9, 1811; .xi. David (5), born .\n-

gust 10, 1814; all these children of John Bar-
ker went to reside in Indiana; V. Isaac (4),
born December 4, 1773, married tirst Hannah

Davis, secondly, .Mary ; he removed

to Indiana; VI. Enoch (4), born September
0, 1770, died.Sei)tendH-r 14, lS4,s, was mar-
ried about 1800, in Cane (^-eek meeting-
iiouse, Chatham county, X. C, to Elizabeth,
daughter of John and -Mary Davis, who was
born' December 20, 1782, died Xovend-er 30,
1834. Their children were, i. Sarah (5),
ii. Daniel (5), iii. Xieholas (5), iv. John (5),
v. Isaac (5), vi. Seth (5), vii. an infant, bom
February 22, 1814, viii. ^lary (5), ix.
Hannah' (5), x. Elisha (5), .xi. Thomas (5).

Xathau Barker (5), elder son of Abner
and Lydia Barker, was born April 23, 1702,

niari-ie'd Ruth , I'orn December 5,

1707, and removed to Indiana; they had
children, as follows: T. Hannah (0), bora
February 28, 181 G; II. Lydia (0), born
March 2, 1818; IIL IsUry (0), born October
10, KSIO; IV. Charles (0), born December
17[ 1S21 ; V. Achsah CO), bom February 14,
l,s21; VL Abner (0), born July 20, 1820.

Nicholas F.arkcr (5), younger son of Ab-
nc^r and Lvdia Liarker, marrit'd Sarah Purvoe,
and had 'chihlren: I. Abner (01, living in
1S!>0; 11. Bebecca (0), living in ISOO; IH.
Sarah (0), living in 1800; IV. Lydia (0),
living in 1800; V. Hannah (0), decea.sed;
VI. Thonuis CO, died in Indiana; VII. Ban-
doli)h (0), died in Indiana.

The descendants of Kno<-h (4) and Eliza-
beth (Davis) B.arker were as follows:

I. Sarah (5), born Novenilier 2'.), 1801,
died October Ki, ISKI, married .Luiuary 1,
1S24, to Thomas Cox;

II. Daniel (5), born October 7, 1803, died
January 1, 1802; married February 17,
1825, to Lydia Cox, had children, i. Bebecca
(0), boi'n .January 15, 1820, died Xovember
10, 1827, ii. Enocli (<i), bom September 20,
1S27, nun-ried Bliebe Lee, iii. -Vsenath (O,
born June '5, 1820, married to Oideon Cox,
Septendicr 13, 1858, iv. Bridget (((), born
.\ngu-t 27, 1830, married first Samuel An-
derson, seeciudly, E. Lee, v. Malilon (0), born
Sei)tendier 10, 1833, died July 12, 1803, mar-
ried September 7, 185',l, to Bhebe ^lenJen-
hall, had two children, Solomon 1'-. (7), of
Wilminiiton, Del., and .Vndevson .M. (7), of
ICemp'^ Mills. X. C: vi. Sarah (0), l,om Xo-
\cniber 5, is;i5, died Januarv 5, l.s02, \\\.

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176

BlOGllAPIllCAL EXVYCLOPEDIA

Elizabeth (0), Lorn Jamiary -l^, 1S3S, mar-
ried W. Lloyd, viii. Elzeua (U) (.Mrs. \V.
Shields), bora March '6\, 184U, ix. Caleb
(0), born March 7, l64ii, married Laura
Qiiate, X. Sophia (Ci) (,Mi-s. Frank Marley),
born April 4, 1844, xi. Daniel (G), born
]\Iarch \-l, 1JS40, married Louisa IMills, xii.
Keveus (0), born ]\rarch 12, 1S49, maiTied
Mary IMartin;

IIL JSI^icholas (5), born September 11,
1805, died May IG, 184G, married November
S, 1S27, to Catharine Cox, has children, i.
Jouatlian (G), born October 24, 1828, died
April 16, 1850, ii. Elizabeth (G), born Sep-
tember 1, 1830, died October IS, 1852, iii.
Mary (6) (Mre. Thomas T. Ilinshaw), born
December 10, 1832, iv. Simeon (G), born
September 14, 1835, married Ivuth Ilinshaw;
V. Ezra (G), born Fcbrnary 10, l>>;iS, mamed
in Indiana, vi. Cyrus (G), born Septend;er
S, 1840, married in Indiana, vii. Nathan (G),
born March 7, 1843, married M. Ilinshaw,
^^ii. Amy (6) (ilrs. J. II. Craven), born Oc-
tober 5, ISiG;

IV. John (5), bom February 12, 1807,
died December 28, 1890, married iMarcli 20,
1S32, to Anna Cox, had children, i. Phcbe'
(G), bom January 18, 1833, ii. Elizabeth
(G), born February 22, 1835, iii. :Mary (6),
born May 30, 1837, iv. Isaac (G), born Sep-
tember 15, 1839, V. Eebecca (G), born Feb-
ruary 27, 1842, vi. Esther (G), born April
24, 1845, vii. Sarah (G), born December 1,
1847;

V. Isaac (5), bom January 19, ISIO, died
in 1820;

VL Seth (5), bom August 13, 1812, died
in 1894, married Margaret Cox; their child-
ren are, \. Catharine (C) (ilrs. L. AVard),
born November 11, 1834. ii. Elizabeth (G),
bom September 23, 1836, first ^rifc of J. Ilin-
shaw, iii. Hannah (6), bom December 13,
1838, iv. Iluldah (6), bom December 1,
1840, second wife of J. Ilinsliaw, v. Itachel
(G), bom March 25, 1842, vi. ^[^vy (6), born
October 25, 1844, vii. Seth (G),'bom Feb-
ruary 18, 1847, \\\\. Eenjamiu (6), born
January M, 185] ;

VII. An infant (5), born Februarv 22,
1814:

VIII. ilary (5) {^Ivs. Da\ad Fariow), bora
Sejiteudier 20. 1815;

IX. Hannah (5) (Mrs. Mahlon Hackett),
born Alarch 5, 1818;

X. Klisha (5), burn April 15, ISi'ii, mar-
ried Hannah J. Allen, removed to Indiana,
has children, i. Amelia (G), bom Sejjtember
24, 1855, ii. Martha (G), bom May 25, 1858,
iii. John (Inrncv (G), bom December IS,
1860;

XI. Thomas (5), bom July 16, 1827, mar-
ried J. Little.

WILLI Ail ALEXANDER COMEGYS,

]\[iddletown, New Ca-tle county, Del., son of
tlie late Samuel and Anne Jtebecca ( King-
giild) Comegys, was Imi'ii in Kent cuunty,
-Md., L\Liy 24, 1M5. Following are the
records of his paternal and maternal ancestry:
The duuieijijs FainUij. — Cornelius Co-
megys, the pioneer imnugrant of the family,
became a resident of Kent county, .Md., about
the year 1670, and with his family was na-
turalized in 1672, by an act of a.ssenibly
(Chapter 29), entitled: "The humble peti-
tion of Hansen Cornelius Comegys, the elder,
ilillimenty Comegys, his wife, Cornelius Co-
megys, the younger, Elizabeth Comegys,
William Comegys and Hannah (^omegys,
their children." They settled on the Chester
liiver, and the oi-iginal homestead remained
in the family until the early part of the pres-
ent century; it was the heritage of Cornelius
Comegys, 2, from whom the "Quaker Neck"
branch of the family has ita descent.

William Comegys, younger sou of Come-
lius and ]\rillimenty Comegys, went ta
Crumpton, Aid., then known as ifcAllister's
Ferry. He had one son, William Comegys,
2, who married Ann Cosden, Novendjer 28,
1734. Their children were: I. John, bom
Februar}- 4, 173G; II. Alethea, born June 9,
1737, manied Joseph Ireland; III. and IV.
twins, Al])heus and .Mphonso, bom Decem-
ber 15, 1738; V. Edward, bom January 13.
1741; VI. Nathaniel, bom Februarv 23,
1745; VII. Ann, born June 2^, 1747;
VIII. Jesse, born October 30, 1749; IX.
Edward William, born April 2, 1752; X and
XI. twins, Jonathan and Elizabeth, born
February 7, 1757: XIL Cornelius 3, born
July 4, 1758. William Comegvs died Alarch
29, 17G4.

John C'omeg^s, eldest son of AVilliam and
Ann (Cosden) Comegys, was married October
15, 1757, to Sarah Spencer, and had children:

I. Samuel, was marn'erl Jainiarv 15.

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STATE OF DELAWAUE

177

17S0, to ~Mary (iloanes, and had cliil-
(lieii, i. John, ii. Sarah, iii. Margaix-t,
iv. Saninc'L Sanaiel Coniegys was inaniud
again, February 14, 17!>1, to J\Iary Freeman,
an.l liad cliiklren, i. Freeman, ii. -Mary, iii.
Nathaniel, iv. Samuel, v. Juiward F., horn
Ai>ril o, 17'JT, married iliss Farly, uf Ahi-
Lama, had children, John, (ieorge and Kate,
and by a second marriage liad two sons, W'ill-
iam and Fdward, was still a resident of Ala-
bama, September Iti, 1S75, vi. William, vii.
-Miilinienta (Mrs. Thomas J. Mann), had
tliree children, ilary Ann, Joseph and
Samuel, viii. ^\'ashil,lgton, married Miss
Palmei-, had eiiildren, Samuel William,
(Jcorge \\'. and John E.; was married again
to Leonora Xewman, and had three children,
Washington, Alary and Henry; his eldest
son, Samuel William Comegys, married (!.
A. C. JMassey, June 20, 184S, and had two
children, Annie -M. aiul Charles E. ;
II. John;

lir. Ann, born September 4, 17G3;
ly. Isaac, born June 9, 1705;
V. Jcrns, born August 8, 1768;
A'l. William;
YIT. Sarah;

VIII. Nathaniel, born December 10,
1771, married Hannah ilyers, and had
children ;

i. John ^fvers, married Mrs. Anna W.
(Comegys) liinggold, November 20, 1824,
a daughter of Nathaniel and Franciua (Wor-
rell) Comegys, and widow of James King-
gold; the children of this marriage were: 1.
Nathaniel W., maiTied January 15, ISTii), to
Helen, daughter of (ieorge Wilson and .Mar-
garet (Kinggold) Spencer, had two children,
(ieorge Siiencer and'John ]\I., 2. Haniiah,
married November 27, 1849, to John F. Xew-
man, liad live ('hildren, John F., Emma, Ella,
Bessie and Tfobert Lee, 3. Anna, nuuTied
December 15, 1853, to Stuart II. Emory, has
five chihlreu, Kate, Anna, Stuart Ti., John
\M. C. ami William N. John ilyers Comegys
died in Ids seventy-seventh year, February
18,1870;

ii. Samuel, married November 20, 1832, to
Anne KcbiH'ca, daughter of James and Sarah
(Williamson) Kinggold, had children: 1.
Sarah AVilliamson (Airs. "Williani Emory),
who had five children, William Comegys,
ilarj', Anna, Alice and Samuel Comegys; 2.
Mary Keliecca (Afrs. John W. Ireland), has

si.K children, Emma, William, Herman,
Louisa, May and Hallie; 3. Anna Elizabetli,
deceased; 4. John .Myers, now residing in tlie
West; 5. Samuel, married Ella, daughter of
John F. and Anna (Comegys) Newman; 0.
William Alexander; 7. Milliminta; S.
Hannah Myei-s (,Mi-s. William It. Kose), of
Talbot county, Aid., has throe children, Wil-
liam, Anna Kose and Sophie; 'J. Kichard
Williamson, who married Susan Foster, of
(^leen Anne county, Md., and has five chil-
dren; U). Fdward Thomas, who married Eliza-
beth, daughter of James W. Ilurtt, of Kent
county, Aid., and has one daughter; IT. Na-
thaniel, Avho man-ied Catherine Kose, of Tal-
bot county. Aid., and has five children, So-
phia, Kose, AValtcr, Charles, Nannie and
Clarence;

Ali)honso Comegys, fourth child of AVil-
liani and Ann (Cosden) Comegys, married and
had children:

I. .John, who married Ann, daughter of
Jonathan and Mary ((iriffith) Comegys, and
had children, i. Alplionso, married Sarah F.
Alorgan, and had one son, John E. , ii. Fran-
cis, iii. Ann Alaria;

II. Francis.

Nathaniel Comegys, sixth ehihl of Williani
and Ann (Co.sden) Comegys, nuirned Hannah
Wallace, and had children:

I. Williani, who married Elizabeth, daugli-
ter of Colonel John AVard, of Cecil county,
Aid.; Colonel AVard was a Kevolutionary sol-
dier, and his great-gran<lchildren, resident in
Kent county. Aid., have in their ])ossession
the epaulettes which he wore at the battle of
Long Island. The only child of William and
Elizabetli (War;l) Comegys was John Ward,
who on August 0, 1820, niamed his cousin,
Ann Alaria, daughter of John and Ann (Co-
megys) Comegys, and had children, i.
(!('(»rgia, married February 25, 1845, to Ed-
wai-d W. Comegys, has cliildren, Alary A''ir-
glnia, Columbia, Stimmei-field, Edward Glan-
ville and John AVard, ii. A^irginia E. , iii.
AVilliam, iv. Indiana Af., v. John Ward;

If. Hannah, born in 1771, married Ken-
jamin Comegys, ami had one sou, Bartis Co-
megys, who on October 13, 1818, mamcd
Evelina AL, daughter of A''achel Doi-sey, of
Baltimore, ]\Id., and had children, i. Eliza-
beth I). (Afrs. K..bert AV. Cliffe). ii. Benja-
min, married ]\Iary, daughter of Williani F.
Bartlette, iii. John P., married (leorgina

." VI. .■.

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178

BIOGRA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Mitchell, and has five children, 15artis, Eve-
lina M., Harry D., P. and C'aruliiiL', iv. Es-
sex 1)., V. Pliilip T. , vi. ('atlieriiie ( '. , vii,
SalJic M., viii. ilary C. ;

III. Jolm.

Natlianiel Coinegj's, by a second marriage,
■\vitli Francina Worrell, had one dangliter:

I. Ann Worrell Coniegys, married James
King-gold, and had two cliildren, i. -Mary, ii.
Francina; after the death of .Mr. Uinggold
she married John Myers C'omegys, and iiad
clnldren, i. Xathaniel \\'., ii. Hannah, iii.
Anna.

Jesse Coniegys, eighth child of William
and Ann (Cosden) Coniegys, married ,Mary •
Everett, and had children :

I. Cornelius;

II. Maria;

TIT. Sarah, who married Jolm Wallace,
and had children, i. Frank, ii. So[)hia, iii.
Cornelius, iv. Araniinta, v. Conu'gys, ^i.
Eenjanun, vii. John, viii. Artliur.

Jonatiian Coniegys, tentii cliiid of William
and Ann (Cosden) Comegys, married Mary
Griffith, and had children:

I. Ann, born June 21, 1775, married Au-
gust 2!t, 1707, to John Comegys, liad children,
i. .\l]dionso, ii. Francis, iii. Ann Maria;

II. Fdward;

II r. Klizabetli, married first, Jacob Ab-
bott, and had one son, Jacob Abbott, 2; af-
terwards she married Samuel Brown, of jSTcw
Jersey, and hail one son, Thomas Comegys
iJrown;

IV. i\Iary;
Y. Ariana;

A^I. Jonathan, who was married, Jannarv
12, ISIT), to Harriet Stradley, and had chil-
dren, i. Mary, ii. Edward William, who mar-
ried (ieorgia, daughter of Jolm Ward and
Ann ilaria Comegys, and hail five children,
!Mary Virginia, (Columbia, Siimmertield, Ed-
■ward Glanville and John AVard, iii. Sarah
A., man-ied first to B. F. Harris, of Pittsburg,
I'a., and had two children, Cornelia and
Franklin, afterwards became ^Irs. McLean,
and had one daughter, Emma, iv. l-'.liza, \'.

Ariana, married Stewart, of Penn-

sylvaiua, and had si.x children, Frank, Har-
riet, Tanthns, Edward, ^lansfield and Ida.

Cornt'lius (\)iiiegys, 3, twelfth and young-
est child of William and Ann (Cosden) Co-
megys, was a gallant soldier, and in his event-
ful career displayed alike in war and in |ii'ace

many admirable traits. He left Cliarlestown,
;M(1., July 1, 1770, as a sergeant in the "Fly-
ing Camp." On its way to Fort \\'ashington
the regiment stopped in Philadelphia; there
he passed the memorable I'onrth of July,
1770, the natal day of our country, which
happened to be the young officer's own eigh-
teenth birthday, and shared the joyful and
sublime emotions of that aus]ti<'io)is moment.
.\fter the fall of Fort Washington, he was en-
trusted with the care of the invalid soldiers,
to eonduct them safe to Ilackensack, X. J.
I'pon the exjiiration of his term of enlistnienr,
he again entered the army, and served as en-
sign under <Ieneral AVashiiigton at \\'hite-
mai-sh, after the battle of (iermantown. He
went to Philadelphia directly after the evacu-
ation of that city by the British troojjs in Sep-
tember, 1778; and when the government was
organized, under the Articles of Confedera-
tion, <'ornelius Ctimegys was appointed to a
clerkship in the Treasury Department, and to
him was assigned the duty of preparing and
countersigning the Continental currency.

In 17^2 Cornelius (Jomegys, 3, retired
from jndilie life, anil entered the counting-
room of Willing A- Morris, in which Kobert
^lorris, the renowned financier, was a ])artner.
.Mr. Comegys soon became a favorite with the
tirm, and in 17S4, a.ssisted by the credit of
the acting partners, he began business as an
importer ui dry goods. The same diligence,
courage and faithfulness which had made him
a brave and valuc'd soldier, now won the es-
teem anil cunfidence of all who had business
dealings with him, either as suliordinate or as
]irincipal.

On July 4, 1840, the day on which he com-
])le{ed his eighty-second year, he wmte the
history of his honorable and eventful life for
the use of his (diildren.

Cornelius Comegys, 3, was first married to
^liss Paul, of Philadelphia, who died without'
issue. His second wife was Catherine Baker;
their children were: I. Hannah (^Irs. ila-
sun), had one daughter, Kate (ilrs. Smith);
II. Julia \. (^Irs. Sargent); III. Josejihine,

first wife, and IV. Ella, second wife of

(lilmore; \. Jacob, married iliss Lee, of
Boston, ^fass; VI. ^fortimer, died young.

The Iliii</(/okl FaniiUj. — In 10r)0 Thomas
Uinggold came to Kent county, ^Id., with his
two sons, John and Jame^i; he was then in
his fortieth year. About the year 1057, or

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; . , 'f' I 1 ( li "Ir- ■' I !

STATE OF DELAWARE

179

before that date, Thomas Einggold was mar-
ried a sccdiid time, to -Mrs. (Mu-istian Ilili,
widow of 'I'homas 1 1 ill, Sr., wiiosc entire
laii(h'il estate ]\fr. TJiiigpold secured liy a deed
exeeiited Xoveiubcr 5, ](i57, to 'J'homas Hill,
Jr. To his sous, James and >rohn liiiigfiojd,
he eonveyed, December 2, KitJl, '"the one-
half of his land called Tluntiiigtield, which
is in estimation twelve luiiidred acres, lying
on the east side of the Chc-sapeakc J Jay."

.Major James Ringgold, of Iliuitingtield,
"lord of the nianor on Eastern Neck," son of
I'homas Kinggold, was twice married. By
his tii-st wife he had one son, Thomas Ring-
gold, '2. His second wife was Mary, daughter
oi Cajitain Itobert Vaugliti; their children
were: I. William; IT. John; III. James;
IN'. Charles. ^lajor Janus Ringgold died in

Uisr,.

Thomas Kinggold, 2, eldest son of Major
James Ringgold, was lirst married to Sarah

, who died, leaving an only son,

Thomas Ringgold, 8. lie was again married,
iSeptember 17, KUtO, to ^lary, daughter of
]\Iarmaduke and Kebecca Tylden; she died
Sei)tendier T), 1708, leaving children: I. Sarah,
luqiti/cd Scptendier 2!», 1700; II. Klias, bom
Scplcmbcr (>, 1702; III. James; IV. Joseph.
'J'homas Ringgold, 2, was buried October 10,
1711; he left his third wife, Frances, and
two small children: I. Josias; IT. Jlary Ann;
the latter was baptized after her father's
death, April 10, 1712.

William Kinggold, first son of ilajov
James and ^lary (Vaughn) Ringgold, mar-
ried ^lartha , and had children: 1.

Susanna, wife of T^enjaniin AVickes, son of
Samuel and Frances (Wilmer) Wickes, ajid
a direct descendant of ^Fajor Josc]>h Wickes,
wlio, in 1G51, settled in ivent county, ]\[d.,
where he occupied man}' responsible ])osi-
tions; II. John; JII. James; IV. Thomas,
4; y. Tvebecca. William Ringgold survi\ed
liis wife, and died in 175-1.

C'harh'tj Ringgold, youngest son of ^fajor
James and ^lary (Vaughn) Ringgold, was
married January 17, 1705, to Elizabeth
I5urke; they had children: I. -Tames, liorn
June 30, 1709; II. Charies, 2, bom April
27, 17i;i; III. Vincent, born Auffust 12,
171C.

Thomas Ringgold, 3, eldest son of Thomas,
2, and Sarah Ringgold, was married Ma\ 1,
1712, to Rebecca, daughter of Simon and

Ivebecca Wilmer, the progenitors of the Wil-
mer family in Kent county, Md., where
Simon AVilmer was active and influential in
church and civil affairs; he was elected a
vestryman of St. T'anl's [jarish, January 24,
10tt3, and in ItJ'JS represented Kent county
in the State Legislature. The children of
Thomas and Ivchecca (Wilmer) Ringgold
were: T. Thomas, 5, born Decendier 5, 1715;

II. Ifebeca, baptized June 4, 1727; III.
William; IV. Sarah (Mrs. Alexander Will-
iamson).

.Major William Ringgold, whose estate on
the Eastern Neck is now styled "The Her-
mitage," third child of Thomas and Rebecca
(Wilmer) Ringgohl, was one of the (Commit-
tee of Safety, (Observation and Correspond-
ence, during the licvolutionary War, and a
member of the convention which met at An-
napolis, August 14, 1770, and formed the
first Constitution of the State of ilaryland.
He received his military commission from
^Matthew Tilghman, president of "The Dele-
gates of the Freemen of .Maryland in Conven-
tion." lie was first married, January 1», 1750,
to Sarah Jones; their children were: T. Dr.
Jacob Ringgold; II. (Afi-s. Blunt);

III. Rebecca (Airs. John Williamson), whose
daughter, Sarah Williamson, married James
Jiinggold, and had cldldrcn, as follows: I.
James; IT. Alexander; III. William; IV.
Richard Williamson, former i)rcsident of
Washington College, Kent county, .Md.; V.
Thomas; VI. Sarah AV.; VIT. Anne Re-
becca (Mi-s. Samuel Comegys), n>other of
William Alexander Comegys; VIII. :\lary;
IX. Jacob; X. Washington.

By his second marriage, to his cousin,
]\Iary, daiighter of AVilliam and Rosa (Blaek-
iston) Wilmer, ]\rajor AVilliam Ringgold had
children: T. AVilliam; II. T'eregrine; HI.
Hester (.AIi-s. Holland); IV. Henrietta, mar-
ried to Captain Thomas Harris; A''. ■

(Airs. :\Iiller); A'T. Sarah Rebecca; A'lT.
Eliza; A' I IT. Fannie.

AVilliam Ringgold, :M. D., son of Major
AVilliam and .Mary (Wilmer) Ringgold, was
a member of the Legislature of ^hu-yland
during the sessions of 1823-24. He married
]\Tartha, daughter of Hans and Mary (Ilyn-
son) Hansen. Their children were: I. AVil-
liam, born in 1704, married ilaria Xicholson;
TI. T^eregrine, born in 17!I0, married Decem-
ber 2H, 1822, to yii[ry C, daughter of AVilliam

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ISO

BTOGRA PTIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

and Mary (Seai-s) Coe ; III. Harriet Rebecca,
Lorn ill ITHS, married Septeiiibor 7, 1820,
to John Stevenson Constahle; IV. James
Alexander, born in ISOO; \. Frederick (Jiis-
taviis, born in ISOl; VI. ^lary Hansen, bom
Sejitember 10, 1803, married October it,
1821, to lion. James IIodi;vs, of Liberty Hail,
ICent connty, ild., son of James and Alary
(C'laypole) Hodges. Dr. Jfinggold died Feb-
rnary 14, 1832.'

Flias Einggold, eldest son of Thomas, 2,
and Mary (Tylden) King-gold, was married
April 15, 1725, to Hilary Hordley; they liad
one son, Thomas, a posthumous chiM, who
died very young. Elias Tvinggold died in Xo-
vember, 1737. In his will, dated in Oetober,
1737, he mentions his ''loving wife, Mary,"
and provides for his child, then unborn.

Josias Iiinggold, son of 'Ihomas, 2, and
Frances Ringgold, was nnirried August 11,
1730, to Sarah Smith. 'J'heir children wer •:

1. Thomas, born December 14, 1731; II.
Thomas, born [March 25, 1734; III. Josias,

2, born Se].tember 28, 1735; IV. Sarah; V.
Mary; VI. Ann; VII. Hannah; VIII.
Rebecca. Josias Ringgold died in 1770.

Josias Ringgold, 2, third son of .losias and
Sarah (Smith) Ringgold, had children: I.
Josias, 3, who was born in 17G2; II. Hen-
rietta, married Colonel Isaac Perkins, who
was a son of Ebenezer and Sarah (Banics)
Perkins, and a distinguished officer in the

, Continental Anny; he began his military ser-
vice as captain in the Fourth Battalion of the
'"Flying Camp," of 177(!; was styled a "Nam-
ing patriot;" was a delegate to the Maryland
Convention which ratitieil the Constitution of
the United States, April 28, 1788; being

. wealthy and influential in Kent county, ^Id.,
is said to have raised and fully equipped at
his o^\^l expense, a company for the service
of the colonies in the Rcvolutionarv struggle;
III. Sarah.

Josias Ringgold, 3, son of Josias Ringgold,
2, married ]\Iarv, daughter of Charles and
Sarah (Kennard) (iroome, in 1802. Their
children were: I. Josias, 4; II. Sarah Ann;
III. Charles; IV. ilary Ann, married Feb-
ruary G, 1827, to Dr. Jacob Fisher, son of
Rev. Isaac and Bathsheba Fisher, who was
born December 2, 179G, sen'cd as register of
wills of Kent coimty, Aid., died February IS,
1859; their chiMrcn were, i. ^\^^r^• .Matilda,
ii. Alfred Henry, iii. Samuel Croome, iv.

Jacob Frederick, v. Josias Ringgold, vi.
Isaac Montgomery, vii. Clorinda Cornelia,
viii. Ringgold AVilliams, ix. Charles Joseph
Croome, x. Henry Theodore, xi. Flla Theo-
dora; V. Henrietta (Iroome (Mrs. Joscjih
Rasin), had children, i. Atlce, ii. Joseph,
uuirried Sarah Paca; VI. AVilliani (Jroome.

Josias Ringgold, 4, eldest son of Josias and
ilary (Groome) Ringgold, was married in
December, 182G, to .\nn Fliza Cruikshank;
they had children: I. William Groome; II.
Ann Elizabeth, married October 31, 18G7, to
.lolin Kennard Aldridge, has one child, Eliza-
beth Bella; III. Sarah Hem-ietta, married
first to iliilfonl lilackiston, and had children,
i. Emma Ringgold, ii. Laura, iii. James
Thomas; she afterwards married Major Rich-
ard Smyth; IV. Alary (iroome, married Octo-
ber 7, 1857, to James Henry Price, has chil-
di'en, i. Anna, ii. Josias, iii. Alary Belle, iv.
.\nnie; afterwards married Benjamin Black-
iston Wroth, and had children, i. Charles; ii.
Kelvin, iii. Elizabeth, iv. Benjamin lilack-
iston, v. William Groome; V. Josias, 5,
married December 14, 1SG5, to Catherine
(■amble, has children, i. Emily W., ii. Wil-
liam (iroome, iii. R(J)crt Gandile, iv. Edna;
\\. Isabella Sluby, married October 31,
18GG, to James A. Cruik.shank, M. D., of
Louisiana, has children, i. James, ii. Robert;
yn. Laura Eugenia, married in Xovendier,
18G2, to John Kennard Aldridge, has chil-
dren, i. AVilliam, ii. John Henry; VIII. Cath-
erine Browne.

The early years of Williani Alexander Co-
megys were spent in his native county, where
he enjoyed the advantages of an excellent edu-
cation. In 18G2, when about seventeen years
old, he left Kent county, Aid., for Smyrna,
L)el., where he remained about three years,
as salesman in a general store. Returning in
18G5 to his home, he was for two yeai-s nccn-
pied in farming, after which, in 18G7, he went
to Baltimore, Aid., as clerk in the State Grain
Ins])ector's office, having been appointe<l to
that jiosition by Governor Bowie. In 1^71
he again returned to his native county, anil
was engaged until 1873 in mercantile bu-^i-
ness, at Kennedyville. From 1873 to 1SS3
Air. C(»megys was a dealer in grains and ag-
ricultural implements at Aliddletown, Xew
Castle county, Del.; in the latter year he
disposed of his business in order to assume tlie
position of teller in the AIiddleto\vn Xational

I ■ I

STATE OF DELAWARE

181

Bank. In Xovember, 18S2, ho Lad been
elected ou the Democratic ticket to the State
Lcgishiturc, and in the fall of 1S.S4 he was
re-elected; being chosen speaker of the
House of Ivei)rcsentativc3 during this scssicm;
he resigned his position in the National ]iank,
January 1, 1885, in order to give his attention
more fully to his legislative duties. In 1 )e-
cend)ei'; iSSi:), iMr. Comegys was appointed
Chief Dci)uty Collector of Internal Kevenne,
with ofHce at Wilmington, Del.; the
duties of this office he performed efficiently
until June 1, 1SS8, at which date he resigne(L
During the spring of 181)1 he again endjarked
in the grain Imsiness at .Middletown, and con-
tinued in this b\isines3 until February, 181)1,
when ho received his apiwintment to his pres-
ent position, that of Special Deputy Collector
of Customs. In 1870 'Mv. Comegys, who
takes a warm and intelligent interest in the
affaii-s of the borough in which he resides, was
elected treasurer of ]\liddletown; in 1892 he
was elected a light and water commissioner
for four years, and re-elected for a further
period of five years, in 1890. lie supjjorts
the Democratic party, and is a member of
Union Lodge, No. 6. A. O. U. W.

"William Alexander Comegys was married
in :Mi.ldlotown, Del., April 30, 187l>, to
Frances F., daughter of Ivobert A. and Mary
(Rouse) Cochran; ^Ir. Cochran is a native of
Xew .Castle, Del., and his wife of Harford
county, ^Id. The children of ifr. and ^frs.
Comegys are: I. Robert A., born Jnly 8,
1873, now studying medicine at the Univer-
sity of Pennsylvania; II. Joscjdi P., born
Novend)er 1, 1883; and two sons, Birkhead
and Harry, who died in infancy. Mr. Co-
megys is a member of the Protestant Fjiisco-
pal Church, and seiwed from ]875 to 1890 as
vestryman of St. Ann's church, at IMiddle-
town.

ALLFN VOORHEES LESLEY, :\I. D.,
By Henry Voorhees Stilwcll, Philadelphia.
— Practiced medicine at New Castle, Dela-
ware. Ho was born in Philadelphia .Tuii(> 17,
1822, died at New Castle November 7, ISSl,
and was buried at North Laurel Hill Ceme-
tery, Philadelphia. Dr. Lesley was a gradu-
ate of the LTniversity of Pennsylvania, grand
master of the Isl. W. Crand L(jdge,
Free and Accepted .Masons, of Dela-

ware, and a member of the State Legislature.
He was married June 10, 1844, to Jane Les-
ley Voorhees, born April 7, ISIG, died in
Xew Castle, Del., July 31, 1874. She was
the daughter of Henry P. Voorhees, mer-
chant of Fultonville, .Montgomery county.
New York, and Jane Cowenhoven, his wife,
born ]\Iarch 12, 1792, died ]\Iay 7, 1874.

Dr. Lesley was the son of Peter Lesley, born
in Philadelphia June 19, 1793; died in Phila-
delphia ^larch tl, IS,"),"), married Eliza-
beth Oswal.l Allen, born in Pldladelphia ^Lly
20, 1793, died in FhihKlelj.hia August 17,
1832, daughter of Jolm Wineidl Allen and
Sarah Rand, his wife.

The said Peter Lesley was the son of Peter
Lesley, born in Aberdeenshire, Scotlandj
1738,'^ and died in Phihulelphia ilarch 31,
18ir>; married Catharine Kitler, born 1757,
died in Philadelphia December 25, 1832.

The coat of arms of (he Lesley family — (u
dcmi-gntfin, rani])ant, motto "gril) fast") was
granted Bartholomew IvCsley by Queen ^far-
garet of Scotland on account of his rescuing
her from drowning, while they were crossing
a swollen. stream; he seized her by the girdle,
while she frequently told him to "grip fast;"
this was tlie origin of the motto.

JOSHUA PUSEY, Esq., Philadelphia,
Pa., son of the late Jacob and Louisa (Web-
ster) Pusey, of Wilmington, Delaware, was
born ]\rarcli 27, 1842, at Auburn, now York-
Ijii, New Castle county, Del., where liis father
(stablished cmc of the early cotton mills of thi^
country.

^fr. Pusey's early life was full of change
and adventure. He received a liberal educa-
tion in private schools, and at the age of
eighteen, Avhcn with a publishing house in
Philadel]>hia, having an intense desire to see
tlie Old \Vorld, he took steerage passage on an
Irish packet ship for Londonderry, Ireland.
He traveled through parts of Ireland, Scotland,
and England, thence to the continent, through
Holland, Cermany, parts of France, Switzer-
land, Italy and Austria. He also traveled
through lilyria, Styria, Croatia and Hungary;
having in the year and a half of his interest-
ing and eventful wanderings walked several
thousand miles without a companion, and
learneil several languages on the way. Some
time after his arrival at Buda-Pesth, the capi-

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182

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

till of ITungaiy, lie Icanu-d of tlie l);ittle of
IJiill l\iui. The next evciuiig lie was lioiiie-
wanl bound, deteniiiued to euliat in the war
for the Union. When he arrived at Liver-
pool, he had not sufticient nidiiey to pay liis
]iassage aeross tiie Atlantic (not having wailed
for an expected draft at J5iidu-resth). He
therefore obtained a position on a steamer,
and on arriving at New York went iniiue-
diatelv to AVashiiigton, with the -view of en-
listing in a cavalry regiment. .Mr. I'lisey,
however, returned home, and after si)eiiding
a part of the succeeding summer at the farm
of the late ]\Iilton Conrad, at West drove,
Chester county. Pa., he enlisted in the First
Pennsylvania Kitles— the celebi-ated '-Jiuck-
tails" — with Alexander ilcClurg, a school
teacher at West Chove, who was killed near
]\Ir. Pusey at the terible battle of i-'rcdericks-
burg, in December, 18(32.

.Mr. Pusey was severely wounded in the
same battle, in the thick of the fight; a ball en-
tering his neck, just escaping the carotid ar-
tery, and, i>assing through the root of the
tongue, it shattered the jaw on one side into
fragments and broke it s<iiiarely off ,,n the
other side. Ilis jaw and chin" hung down
111 tliat condition for some three weeks, before
being brought up into proper jdace. 'J'he
shot rendered him uncouseious for a time, but
when he returned to consciousness he found
liimself between the Union and Confederate
forces in the midst of a fierce artillery duel,
a pandemonium of shrieking and hissing
shells and other missiles. As he was in dan-
ger of being hit at any moment, he crawled
into a ditch, and there remained for a while,
mitil, afraid of being captured bv the enemy'
he walked towards the Union lines, and was
finally picked up by an ambulance and taken
to an improvised tield hospital not far from
Pappahannock Piver. Here he saw Cajjtain
Irederick Taylor, then commanding the regi-
ment who had been slightly wounded in the
I'attk'. Captain Taylor .seeing :\[r. Pusey 's
terrible eondition, and supposing that his
wound was ].robably fatal, took Mr. Pusey by
tlie hand, and with tears in his eyes sininly
said -'My dear fellow."

_ :\rr. Pusey, after further experiences in hos-
pitals adjacent to Fredericksburg, tinallv
wrote home that he had been severely W(,un.i-
ed. II,s brother after some time discvered
Ills whereabouts, and he was takc^i to Wil-

mington, where he was successfully treated
by seven surgeons and physicians, among them
Dr. Kane, a brother of the former colonel of
the Jiuektaijs; but it was many months before
lie could talk.

After s|)ending part of the summer of 18(i3
with .Milton CJonrad, to recuperate his
strength, .Mr. Pusey eiiliste<l in an emergency
artillery company, that was stationed at Push
Jiiver, .Md., about the time of the battle of
(icttysburg. Subsequently, in the spring of
1SC4, he went to Washington and there en-
gaged extensively in the mainifacture of
bricks, which business he carried on for sev-
eral years, until he .sold out his interest. Ko
then rcniovcMl to Philadelphia, and after-
wards studied law, finishing his studies in the
otKce of the well-known lawyei-s (ieorge IP
Karle and Pichard P. White, and was ad-
mitted to the bar in the latter part of 1873.
.Mr. Pusey is a member of the bar of various
circuit courts of the United States and has
been a counsellor of the Supreme Court of
the United States for twenty years past. lie
has made a specialty of patent, trade-mark
and copyright cases; in fact his jn-actice,
which is an extensive one, has been exclusive-
ly in that line for many years. ^Ir. Pusey has,
in the course of his jji-actice, had occasi(m to
travel in almost every State and territory of
the Union.

He is a member of Post 2, of ]'hiladej|>liia,
of the (irand Army of the Pepublic; of the
Franklin Institute; the Historical Soeiiiv of
Pennsylvania, the Ducktail .Association, and
other soeieties, including the Sons of Dela-
ware, of whose '"club song" — which is always
sung standing at the meetings of the soeiety
— he is the composer.

!Mr. Pusey resides in a channing country-
seat, "ilapelinden," in the hills of Delaware
county.

Joshua Pu.sey was married Novenil)er 15,
ISOfi, to Pebecca K., daughter of Joseph P.
and Sarah W. Kenderdine, of Philadeliihia.
Their children are: I. .Albert Payinoiul; 11.
Grace Fdna; TIT. Josephine Certrude, de-
ceased; TV. Frederick Taylor; V. Walter Car-
roll; and one that died in infancy. ]\Ii-s. Re-
becca Pusey died T^ecember G, 187(5. Joshua
Pusey was again married Xovember 18, 1S7;),
to Caroline F. C. S., daughter of the late
.\braham Z. and Sarah C. Slirevc, formerly
of Salem, X. J. The children of this mar-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

18S

riage iire: I. Arthur "Wancii; II. Clarence
Carton, iliwl young; III. Ikla B. Tlic family,
although not all nieuibcrs of the Society of
Fricmls, loan that way.

I-TvEDEKICK TAYLOlf PUSEY, Esq.,
P. (). kan.-ilowne, Delaware- county. Pa., son
of Joshua and Pehecca (Keiuleixline) Pusey,
was horn in Phihulelphia, Pa., June ;5, 1.S72.

Ilis i>riniary education was obtained in the
juiMic schools of Chester county, Pa., near
Avondalc. SuLsequently he attended the
FHcndr,' ScIkmJ (.f Philadelphia and
was graduated from the Friends' Central
lligli Scho(d of that city, in ISSI). After
completing his studies there he went to his
father's country-seat near Lima, Delaware
county, I'a. He Wiis aftenrards ch(i>en as-
sistant manager of a hosiery mill in Kensing-
ton, Philadelphia county, and held that posi-
tion for one year. During that time he hegan
the st\idy of law. In January, ISOl', he en-
tered the office of Colonel "Wendell Phillips
iJowman, in Philadelphia, and there com-
jileted his legal studies. On February 1, 181H,
^fr. Pusey was admitted to the bar of Phila-
delphia county, and since that time has been
in active jjractice and associated mth Colonid
Pownian. He is also a member of the bar of
Delaware county, Pa.

ilr. Pusey is conspicuous in the service of
the National Guard of Pennsj'lvania. En-
listing as a i»rivate in Company C, First Pegi-
ment, in June 1802, at the time of the irome-
stead nuts, he has risen rapidly until he is now
a member of the colonel's staff. lie held all
the non-commissioned offices, was battalion ser-
geant major of staff, was afterward, in Febru-
ary, ISDG, promoted to battalion adjutant,
and in the same year was appointed regimental
adjutant under Colonel Bowman. He dis-
charged the duties of his office mth marked
ability dunng the TIazleton riots in 1897, and
was among the first to vobniteer at ]\[t.
firctna in ilay, 1898,- when the soldiers of
Pennsylvania's National Guard were asked to
enlist in the army of the United States in the
war against Spain.

!Mr. Pusey lias taken a deep interest in the
Law Academy of Philadelphia, which was
founded in 1783, has served as assistant
secretary, secretaA' and vice-president, and
is now i)re.sident of that institution. His home

is at Lansdowne, Delaware county, Pa., and
he is a mi'mhor of several clubs there.

On December 3, 181)5, in Brooklyn, N. Y.,
Frederick Taylor Pusey was married to Nellie,
daughter of John S. and Charlotte (Purchase)
Ogihie. They have one child, John Stuart
Ogilvie, bom ,\rarch 10, 181)8. ]\Ir. Pusey is
a member of the Society of Friends; the mem-
bers of Mrs. I'nsey's family are conuei-ted
with the Congregational Church.

AVALTER CAPROLL PUSEY, Esq.,
son of Joshua and Rebecca K. Pusey, was
born in PhihuleliJiia August 'J, 1874. Ho
was educated and graduated at the Friends'
Central High School, Philadelphia, and is en-
gaged with his father in the jiatent practice.
Walter C. Pusey married Fdith L., daughter
of Pusey P. and ( 'aroline S. Bve, September
27, 1898.

HON. AVILLARD HALL, late of Wil-
mington, Del., son of Willis and Mchitable
(Pool) Hall, was bom in Westford, iMass., De-
cember 24, 1780.

Judge Hall's Christian name was the fam-
ily name of his great-great-grandmother, ]\[ar-
garct Willard, an English lady, who with her
brother, ^[ajor Simon Willard, left their an-
cestral home in the county of Kent, England,
crossed the ocean, and settled in Cambridge,
]\Iass. ^lajor Willard, who became the an-
cestor of a large and widely extended^ family
of that name, and of many allied names, in
this country, served the colony of, ^lassachu-
setts as legislator and judge, and held a com-
mand in the early Indian wars. He died in
Charlestown, ilass., leaving seventeen chil-
dren, ilargaret Willard manned Captain
Dolour Davis; they had one daughter, who-
became ili-s. Stephen Hall, and whose son,

— Hall, was the father of Rev. Willard

Hall, grandfather of the judge.

Pev. Willard Hall was noted for liis piety
and his inttdlectual gifts. He resided in West-
ford, JImss., where his son, Willis Hall, was
born and died. ^lehitable (Pool), wife of
Willis Hall, was a member of the family of
high standing and intbience iii Hollis, N. II.;
a brother of ^Irs. Hall's was a noted leader
in i)i>litics. It may readily be inferreil from
this scanty outline that the ancestors of Hon.

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184

BIOGEA PHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

AVillard Hall were people of strong character,
and of fine mental powers, developed and
strengthened by culture; to these may be
added a sound physical constitution, the out-
come of generations of teni]jeratc and whole-
some living.

'J"o his grandfather, whose namesake he was,
.ludgo Tlali owed niucii of the ti-aining ru-
<'eived at the most susceptible period of life,
tiiat of early youth. For three years he at-
tended the academy at Wcstford, ilass., be-
came a student of Harvard at the early age of
tiftei'U, and was graduated four yeai-s later,
in 1799. The president of Harvard College
at that time was a relative of the youth, the
Kev. Joseph AVillard. In ISO;^, young \\"\\-
lard Hall was admitted to the bar of Hills-
l)oro)igli county, N. H. The coui-se of his life,
so far as regards the scene in which it was to
be laid, was determincnl at this time by an ap-
])arently fortuitous i-ircumstance. Ha})peu-
ing to read a speech made by Hon. James A.
Bayard, he found himself .so j)Owerfuliy iui-
jiressed and attracted by it that he wrote to
]Mr. Bayard, and receiving from tliat gentle-
man a courteous and enci>uraging rejdy, de-
cided to seek a home in Delaware. Leaving
his father's house on hoi-seback, April 7, ISO:],
he reached AVilmington A))ril 10, was exam-
ined l)y Hon. James A. l>ayard and James
1'. Wilson, Esq., and admitted to the bar of
Xcw Castle county. He soon became distin-
guished not only for his legal acumen, learn-
ing and sound judgment, but for those still
higher qualities which inspire confidence and
esteem. He was in consequence chosen to
perform many important piiblic services. In
1S12 he was appointed secretary of State
by (lovernor Haslet, and again in 1821, by
Governor Collins, serving under each appuint-
ment for a term of three years. He was elect-
ed to the National House of Kepreseutatives
in 1816 and in 1818, but preferring to re-
main at home, declined re-election. Ho was
elected to the State Senate in 1822.

Upon the death of Hon. John Fisher, AVil-
lard Hall received from President Afonroe,
Afay (), 1823, the appointment of district
judge of the United States for the District of
Delaware, and soon after removed from
(leorgetown to AVilmington, which was his
residence during the remainder of his life.
Ketiring thus from a profession which he had
adorned by his exemplary purity of lit'i', no

less than by his ability, and his fidelity and
promj)tuess in the disciiarge of every duly, ho
continued to display upon the judicial bench
the same sagacity and impartiality, the same
single-mintled devotion to the constitution and
legal system of the country which had fur-
nished tii<; reason for his elevation. During
his incumbency of almost a half century, Imt
one decision of Judge Hall's ever incurred un-
favorable criticism; and that criticism became
hushed as the waves of excited feeling sub-
sided, and the principle that underlay his de-
cision was more clearly apprehended. The
case gi'ew out of the detention of certain pris-
oners, civilians, charged with the murder of
soldiers during the War of the liebellion,
the accused being citizens of South Carolina
and Georgia. 1'hey were held by the War
Department, at Fort Delaware, and relief was
sought for them by means of a writ of hahcas
corpus, which Judge Hall gi-anted. His rea-
soning in the case was acute and profound,
and the Executive Department endorsed his
action by its acquiescence; but the decision,
conscientiously upholding the majesty of the
Constitution and rights of the citizen, in op-
])Osition to the turbulent currents of popular
feeling, at that time (18GG) still in a state of
general upheaval, required no snmll degree of
courage. II is impartiality was the more mani-
fest on account of his own devotion to the
cause of the Union, to which he had given his
su])port throughout the whole struggle.

,Mr. Hall's duties as U. S. district judge,
while they were important, were not engross-
ing, and left him leisure for attending to other
dcjiartments of pui)lic service. He was a
delegate from Xew Castle county in iSlil to
tlie convention for framing a new constitu-
tion for the state of Delaware, and was one
of the leadei-s in that con\cntion; among his
colleagues were John M. Clayton, -lames
Kodgei-s and George He<.>d, Jr. From the time
when he was Si'cretary of State, in 1822, he
was an active and earnest promoter of the pid)-
lic school system. I'he school board of Wil-
mington was organized in 18r)2, and from that
time until 1870, Judge Hall was its pre>ident.
Throughout his life, he was constant in sup-
])orting the cause of temperance. At the time
when "colonization" was looked to with hope
as the solution of many ])er]dexing ditficulties,
Judge Hall gave the si'heme his liest efforts;
for many years he was jiroident of the State

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I. .1 ■•!'}. \ i' ; (I.

STATE OF VELAWAin-:

185

Colonization Society of Delaware. At a later
period, ho became an active member of the
Society for the Education of the Colored Pecj-
})le. lie was president of the Wilmington
Savings Fund Society from its organizatinn
until the intirmities of advancing age made his
retirement necessary, lie rendered active and
zealous service to the Delaware State Bible
Society for nearly fifty years; during thirty
years of that time he was j)resident of tlie or-
ganization, and was absent from a meeting of
the society but once, wiieu detained at home
by illness. lu his eighty-fourth year he be-
came a meud)er of tiie Delaware llisturical
Society, and as long as he was able, he at-
forded to the society the aid of his intluence
and counsel, attending its meetings as regular-
ly as his declining strength permitted.

Willard Hall was married not long after his
admission to the bar, to a daughter of the late
Chancellor Killen. They had one daugliter,
Lucinda II. (.Mrs. Porter), who died in IfeUtt.
Mi-s. Hall dieil in 1824; in 182U Judge Hall

mari-ied . He was a member of the

llaiiuver Street Presbyterian Church, with
which he connected himself March 8, ISiiT.
On Sejitember 23, 1829, he was elected a rul-
ing elder, and continued in this office until his
death. For more than forty years, he taught
the Bible class connected with the Sunday-
Bchool; at least once, he represented his con-
gregation in the General Assembly. Judge
Hall was the author of a pamphlet entitled ''A
Plea for the Sabbath, Addressed to the Legal
Profession," and of an address on the same
Mdiject, delivered in Baltimore in 1844. The
whole of Judge Ilall's life and career form a
"living epistle," written in unmistakable clnn-
aetei-s. It was not until his ninetieth winter
that the venerable jurist retireil from active
duties; and a tranquil passage from time into
eternity, ^May 10, 1875, was the fitting con-
clusion of his vigorous and useful life.

ELETTTIIERE IRENEE DuPONT,
youngest sou of Pierre Samuel DuPont de
Xemours and Nicole Charlotte. Marie Louise
Le Dee de Rencourt, was born in Paris,
France, June 24, 1771. The celebrated
statesman, Turgot, his father's intimate
friend, stood his sponsor, and chose his bap-
tismal names on account of their uu>aning;
a selection in everv wav highly sitriiifi<'ant.

His early education was carried on at home,
upon his father's estate of Bois des Fosses,
near the vilage of Chevennes, in what is now
the De|)artment of Seine and ilarne. ile was
a diligent student, besides being active and
coui'ageous, taking jilcasurit in rural sports.
His favorite .sciences were botany and chemis-
ti'y. In his father and the men who were his
associates, young DuPont happily found the
incentive to moral and intc^llectual exertion
which springs from constant inten-ourse with
Worthy exemplai's; nor was he deticient in the
liower to aiipreciatc or the ambition to emu-
late their sujiei'iority. His controlling motive
secmeil to be a desire to become worthy and
useful. During his earliest years, he enjoyed
tlu' care of an excellent and tender mother;
liut she died when he was thirteen years of
age, in 1784. When, in the ensuing year,
the navigator La Perouse was tilting out his
vessels for cireiunnavigatiug the globe, young
DuPont was eager to join the expedition; but
he submitted cheerfully to the decision of hia
father, who was not willing to let him leave
home at so early an age.

It was not long after this that the chemist
Lavoisier, whom !M. I'urgot had jilaced as su-
perintendent in the government i)owder mills,
and who was also a friend of the elder
DuPont, and had conceived a warm atfection
for his son, asked to have the youth placed
under his charge and tuition, promising to se-
cure for him the reversion of his own office.
To this the father consented, and Irenee
DuPont was ])]aced first in the government
mills at Essonne, there to acquire a i)raetieal
knowledge of the nnninfacture of gunpowder.
lie was still engaged with his characteristic
energy and application in this pursuit, when
the Revolution broke out, and new circum-
stances called him to far difFerent .scenes and
activities, lie had barely attained his nui-
jority when his father jilaced him at the head
of a printing and jiublishing establishment in
Paris; in wliicli the latter had invested very
largely, and which was to be conducted in the
iuto-est of the constitutional ]iarty. After
the terrible scenes of August 10, 1792, when
father and son undauntedly placed them-
selves among the defenders of the King, at
the Tuileries, ami when Irenee DuPont saved
both his father and himself fi"om falling vic-
tims to the ferocity of the mob, they wero
obliged to separate, and for a .short time, the

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18G

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

young man found slielter at Kssojine; but only
too soon they found tlieuiselves ro-unitud, iu
the gloom of J^ii Force. Hero their sutfer-
ings were to some extent mitigated by the
visits of the young wife of Irenec, Soj)iiie
-Madeline (l)alnuis) DuPont, whose grief and
devotion had wrought upon the feeling's of one
of the more humane jailers, so that he per-
mitted her to come in the disguise of a i)('as-
ant, and minister to their want^. Daily they
awaited the order for their execution, when
the fall of Kobespierre brought them sudden
release. >

They were free, but as may be supposed,
their fortunes were almost entirely wrecked,
and this fact, together with the uncertain con-
dition of affairs which prevailed for ycai-s after
the Kevolution, led to the emigTation of the
entire family to America. The elder son,
^'ictor DuPout, who had been for several
years in consular positions in America, and
had lately returned to his native land, crossed
the ocean once more with his father and
brother, and they arrived with their families
at Newport, R. I., January 1, 1800. It was
but a few months later that the idea of
umlertaking the manufacture of gimpowder
presented itself to the mind of Kleuthere
Irenee DuPont. The powder made in this
country at that time was of very in-
ferior quality; that imported from Eng-
land was greatly esteemed, but ilr. Du-
Pont believed, correctly, that the way was
oj^ii for successful competition with the Brit-
ish powder-makers, by bringing domestic
manufacture up to the standard of the latest
improvements. He therefore returned to
France, and at his former place of employ-
n.cnt, the mills of Essonne, studied the actual
condition , of the industry, after which he
brought to America, in August, 1801, a sup-
j)ly of plans, models and machinery for his
projected enterprise. After months of exami-
nation and discussion of proposed sites for his
factory, he selected a tract of land about four
miles from Wilmington, Del., on the Brandv-
wine Kiver, which enjoyed the advantage of
abundant water power, and which he pur-
chased in June, 1802, removing thither with
his family in July. To the perfecting of the
nuinnfacture of powder, to the imjirove-
ment of the facilities and the safeguards re-
quisite for work of that nature, M. DuPont de-
voted the remainder of his life. Disappoint-

ments, partial failures and all other obstacles
were met and overcome with the same untir-
ing tliligence, the same cheerful and patient
courage. In less than thirty years, he had
niade his powder factory the largest in the
I'nited States, and a uuxlel of excellence for
those times.

-Xk less liroad iu his views and in his sym-
pathies than" his illustrious father, In'nce
Dul'unt interested himself, as an Americau
citizen, in whatever pertaiued to the welfare
and progress of his adopted country, ainl of
the community iu which lie had liis iiouu'.
He was active and liberal in promoting local
improvements and enterprises for the ad-
vancement of agriculture and the industrial
arts. lie was opposed to the institution of
slavery, and deprecated its influence upon the
white race; indeed, it was upon this ground
that he declined the states of Maryland and
A'ii-ginia as locations for his factory and his
home, although the latter state was recom-
mended to him by his father's friend, Presi-
dent Jefferson. As a member of the American
Colonization Society, he did what lie could
towards the solution of that most difficult
problem of our rcpidilic. lie served as a di-
rector of the United States Bank. From boy-
hood, he had always been easily and dceplv
affecteil by the sorrows and trials of others,
and his jirivate acts of beneficence equalleil
his public liberality. Considered in the light
of ilr. DuPont's character and life, his illus-
trious godfather's beautiful choice of names
for him ajipears almost a prophecy.

Eluthcrc Irenee DuPont died in Pliila-
deljihia, where he had gone, intending to make
a brief stay, on October 31, 1834. His wife,
the beautiful and devoted Sophie i\radeleine
Dalmas, was born July 22, 1775, and died
November 27, 1S2S.

PIEBBE SAMUEL DuPONT de NE-
MOUBS, the founder of the DuPont family
in the United States, was born in Paris,
France, December 11, 173!).

His attention was early turned to serious
political and financial questions, and at the
age of twenty-three, he had published some
jiapcrs of national finance v/hicli attracted the
notice of ?il. Quesnav, the celebrated econo-
mist, who liecanie the friend of the young
author. .\n intimacy with the eminent

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O-'^i-il: I i;i:'c:( ■"''■> iti

STATE OF DELAWARE

189

statesman, Turgot, afterwards the able and
c-durafiiMUis minister of tinatioe of Louis XVI,
tlie "iiest minister France ever had," was also
Ir.iHght about by a work writteu by .M. Du-
lont de Nemours, aiul published in 17 04, he
being then twenty-tive yeai-s old. It had for
its subject the export and import of cereals.
Tlie fricndsiiip that subsisted between these
two congenial spirits remained unbroken \iu-
til the lieath of Turgot, in 1782. For a few
years, ^M. DuPont edited the Journal de V agri-
culluic, (lit commerce et des finances and tlie
Ephcmertdefi da Ciloyen, suppressed in 1772.
His laboi-s in setting forth the principles of
that school of far-seeing ami ujjright politi-
cal economists who were vainly endeavoring
til avert the calamities impending over tludr
country, and destined to overwhelm the ex-
isting order before the close of the century,
had not been iiuobjerved by the crowned
heads of Furope. ]\Iany of them testified
their approbation by bestowing titles and de-
corations u])ou him; and in 1772, Stanislaus
Augustus, king of Poland, invited him to that
country, and made Lim governor of his ne-
])hew, Prince Adam Czartoryski, and secre-
tary of the Council of Public Education.

In 1714, at the beginning of the reign of
the ill-fated Louis XYI, 1\\. IJuPont was re-
called to France, to aid ^L Turgot, now
comptroller-general, in carrying out his ]dan6
of reform. But the measures proposed by
them, many of which were originated by ]\L
Dii I'ont, were far in advanc of the time^, and
were not carried into effect until after many
years had passed, and many changes had taken
place. Among the services of ]\L DuPont to
the government was the devising of a scheme
for better regulation of provincial affaii-s,
wliich if. Turgot recommended to the king.
Put the orders which should have been the
stay of France were its worst foes; — the nobil-
ity and the clergy united against the minister
and his plans for reform, and he was dismiss-
e<l, DuPont of course sharing his fate, and
being banished from Paris. Later, however,
JL DuPont was again in the public service,
and negotiated the treaty of Vei-saillcs, by
which American independence was recuiiniz-
ed, and a comitiercial treaty with Gi-eat Bri-
tain. He was rewarded by being made Coun-
cillor of State and Inspector General of Agri-
culture and Commerce. lie was secretary of
the Notables in 1787, and drew up for'Ca-

luune his memorial upon abuses, laid before,
that body. Only the king's intervention saved
him from banishment at the time of Caloniie's
dismissal. M. DuPont de Nemours was the
constant upholder of a constitutional mon-
archy, and as unswervingly, in both the Stated
(leneral and the Constituent Assenddy, the
op[)onent of radical revolutionary measures.
His courage was undaunted, and his constancy
unvarying; yet he was one of the few who
walked unharmed amid the secret and open
perils of that volcanic epoch. He was a con-
spicuous figure in the Constituent Assembly,
being twie-e its president; and having opposed,
in that boily, the issue of pajjer currency pro-
posed by the revolutionists, he was attacked
by a mob at the breaking up of the session,
and would have lost his life had he not been
protected by the Garde Xationale. It is matter
of general history that the measure was car-
ried, and the assignats, as the notes were
called, were issued; also, that the results de-
monstrated fully the wisdom of M. DuPout's
opposition.

On the memorable tenth of August, 1792,
DuPont de Nemours and his youngest son,
Fleuthere Irenee DuPont, went armed to the
Tuilcries, to defend the royal family from the
anticipated attack upon the i)alace. Only tho
courage and adroitness of the younger man
saved their lives on that day of horrors. Both
were, howe\-er, apjircliended, after having con-
cealed themselves for several weeks, and con-
signed to the prison of La Force. During a
part of that time, the astronomer Lalande had
given the elder DuPont shelter in the national
observatory; and it is said that while in hid-
ing there, he wrote his Pliilosopliie de
I'ltnirers; a significant indication of his sur-
passing equanimity. While, with his devoted
son, he was awaiting his turn for execution in
gloomy La Force, Robespierre filled u]i the
measure of his cruelties, and himself fell a
victim to the guillotine, his death freeing those
whom he had condemned, and among them
the DuPonts. L'pon the liberation of the
veteran statesman followed the renewal of liia
struggles against the Jacobins, the ]iarty re-
sponsible for the horrible excesses of the Bc^
volution. The French people were now sur-
feited vnth carnage, and the reactionary party
obtained a majority in the elections oif 1797,
when M. DuPont was made president of the
Council of Ancients. 'J'he Republicans, how-

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190

BIOGRAPHICAL Ey CYC LOP EDI A

ever broke up the comieils by an armed furee,
destroyed M. DuPoiit's house and property;
\ie narrowly escaped being transported to
Cayenne.

In 171J9, M. DuPoiit de Nemours emigrated
with his family to tlie United iStates. Jlere
he was received with warm regaril an<l distin-
gui^hed consideration, and cemented lasting
'friendships with some of the most eminent
statesmen of that day. lie returned to his
native coimtry in 1802. The First Consul of-
fered him several a])jx)intments, which he
declined, preferring tlie more tranipiil exer-
cise of his talents in the field of authoiiihip.
But his influence with Napoleon was nsed
for the promotion of the Louisiana purchase.
At the request of President Jefferson, he for-
mulated a plan for national education, which
was given to the world in ISTi, and after-
wards partly adopted in Prance. In IS 14,
after the fall of Napoleon, J\L DuPont was
madrsec'retaiy of tlie provisional government;
upon the restoration of the Jjourbons, he was
api)ointed councillor of .state. When the
banished emperor returned from Mlba, Al.
DnPont for the last time left his country, re-
joining his family in America. He died near
Wilmington, Angust C, 1817. llis wife, Ni-
cole Charlotte Marie Louise le l^ee de Tven-
conrt, a woman of rare qualities of mind and
character, and an exemplary wif(> and mutlu-r,
had died in 1784.

As a writer, M. DuPont was endowe<l with
H fertile intellect and tireless industry, lli^
papei-s, pamphlets and more extensive works
on political, scientific and literary topics can-
not be enumei-ated. Some of those not pre-
viously mentioned in this article are:
Physiocratie, an analysis of Quesnay's systeui
(1708); Le commerce de la Compaynle ilrs
ludcs (1769); a partial translation of the Or-
lando F arioso (1781); a memoir of Turgot
(1782); a treatise on the liank of
Prance (180C); Metnoires sur differ-
ents objets d'Jtisfoire natiirdJe (1807); Pr
Vorigine et des progres d'line science nonrcUe
(1707); De Vadiinnistration drs clinnins
(1707); Objections et repun.-ivs snr Ic com-
merce des grains et dcs farines (17iMi); Obxvc-
vations siir les ejfets de la liberie du commerce
des grains (1770); Table synoiilitjuc des prin-
cipes de I'economie politicjue (177.")); Idecs
sur les secoiirs a donner aii.r paurres maladi's

dan line grande villc (1780); Analyse histori-
(jtte de la legislation des grains depais lUf/J

(17811).

ClIAKLKS IRKXPK DuPONT, eldest
son of A^ictor and (iabrielle Josephine La-
fitte (de Pelleport) Du Pont, was \)<>vn at
C harieston, S. ('., .March 21), 17'J7.

Jlis grandfather was the celebrated politi-
cal economist and statesman, Pierre Samuel
DuPont de Nemours, the friend of Quesnay
and Turgot, and the author of nu\ny works,
more or less coiuprehensive, on political, com-
mercial and scientific subjects. After suffer-
ing severely for his moderation during the
stormy scenes of the French Kevolution, and
escaping the guillotine only by the death of
Iiobespierre, that di»tinguished num emi-
grated with his family to America in 1799.
A few years earlier his son, Victor DuPont,
had through his influence been sent as French
('onsnl to the port of Charleston, S. C, and
was residing tiiere in that capacity when
Charles Irenee DuPont was born. He after-
wards removed to the State of Delaware, set-
tling near the Prandywine Creek.

In that locality Charles I. DuPont was dur-
ing most of his life engaged in nuinufactnr-
ing. He also pnrchased various tracts of land,
and devoted mnch of his attention to their
improvement and cultivation. Mr. DtiPont
■was animated by a zealous public spirit, and
njade effectual exertions to promote the in-
terests of the State, by increasing its railroad
facilities. None, jjcrhaps, among tiie origina-
tors of the Delaware P. P., were more active
than he in obtaining subscriptions to its stock;
and it is maiidy through his inflnence as state
senator that in 18r,r> an appropriation from
the state treasury was sci-nrcd, in aid of its
construction, lieiug a director of the P. W. &
P. P. P., he persuaded that company to take
hold of the enterprise. Tie afterwards served
a,^ director of the road in which he had been
^(- heartily and effectively interested. Tie was
,1'or many years a director of tlie Farmers'
P.ank of AViimington. Mr. DuPont fre-
<|ucntlv re|)rc^entctl New Castle county in
loth brandies of the State Legislature; he
was elected to the Senate first in 1841. Tie
^vas a meud)er of the "Whig jiarty, and, while
film in his adherence to its jiriuciples, dis-
]ilayed so lilieral and courteous a spirit as to
win respect and esteem, and much personal

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STATE OF VELAWAni'J

191

fiicnJship, in the ranks of both parties. Tiiis
iiyard was dcepuneJ and rendered permanent
L} liis honorable character, the dignity and
consistency of his life, and liis nnvaryin^
[•enevolenee. lie lived to see his adopted
country pass through the throes of rebellion,
and in tliat time of trial nninifested liis lo\e
for the L'jiion not only by professions ul dcvu^
lion, but by generous contributions in aid of
the go\ernnient.

diaries Ireuee DuPont was nnuried, Octo-
ber 5, 1824, at New Castle, Del., to Uorcas
"\lontgomery, daughter of the lion. Xicholas
\'an Dyke, of Delaware. This lady died in
IboS, and ^Ir. Du Ponf afterwards married
Ann, daughter of Hon. lleury ]\I. Ividgely, ui
] 'over, Del., who, with two children, survived
him. Three children by his first marriage also
survived him. Charles I. DuPont died re-
gietted by all his fellow-citizens, January ol,
1SG9. For some years before his demise, he
had lived retired from active business, though
siill jire.-erving an undiminished inti'rest in
llie affairs of the community and of the coun-
trv.

S.UirKL FRANCIS DuPONT, Pear
Admiral U. S. Xa-\-y, son of Victor and Ga-
brielle .loscjjhine Laiitte (de Pelleport) Du-
Pont, was liorn at Bergen Point, N. J., Sep-
tember 27, 1803.

A warm friendship subsisted between his
gi-andfathi-r, Pierre Samuel DuPont de Ne-
mours, the eminent statesman and writer, the
founder of tlie DuPont family in America,
and Presiilenti Jefferson and Madison. From
the latter, the coming admiral received, at
iiie age of twelve, his first naval appointment,
wbiidi conferred upon him the berth of mid-
shipman; it was dated December 19, 1815.
'1 his he gladly accepted, declining for its sake
an appointment to West Point, which was
tendei-ed to him about the same time. Ex-
President Jefferson wrote on this occasion to
'},[. Du Pont de Nemotirs, in a very friendly
strain, a letter which after events proved to
Le almo.st proi)hetic, as it expressed ^fr. Jef-
ferson's hope that the youth might become a
high admiral, and perform a distinguished
])art in the defense of his country.

As the aid of Commodore Stewart, young
Du Pont made his first cruise aboard the
Fra7tl-]iii, a ship of seventy-four guns, in tho
^rcditerranoan ; joining tho Erie before bis

return to the United States, lie spent at thia
lime three years on the sea. His second
cniise took him again to the .Mediterranean,
on the frigate CunntUulion; his third, on
the frigate Cuiujfc^s, to the West Indies
and the coast of iJrazil. (3n his fourth cruise,
made on tho ^Mediterranean station, in the
A(j(7/t Curulina, ship of seventy-four guns,
( ounnodore John Podgers connnanding, he
waa promoteil to the rank of siuliug master.
In April, 1S2G, he received a commission as
lieutenant, after which he served three years
tin the Unlur'io, sluop of war; then, in 1835,
iluring the Florida War, on the W'arroi and
the Conntitulton, in llie Ciulf of .Mexico;
and from 1838 to 1841, on the United States
:-hip (Jidu, in the -Mediterranean. In 18i2
h( was promoted to the rank of commander,
and sailed in the following year for China,
in connnand of the brig Perry, but becom-
ing very ill, was obliged to return home from
liio Jeneiro. He was placed in command of
the frigate Congress, Hag-ship of Commo-
dore Stockton's fleet, in 1845, was transferred
to the sloop of war Cyane, and made for
himself a record of brilliant and faithf\d ser-
vice in the Mexican War. Having been pro-
moted in 1855 to the rank of captain, he went
to China and Japan iu 1857, in command of
the M innesoUi, the steam frigate which con-
veyed William B. Peed, Esq., United States
^linister to those countries, charged with the
business of drawing up important treaties.

But the most distinguished services of this
naval veteran were those rendi'red in connec-
tion with the war of the IJebellion. He was
]/laccd in connnand of the Philadelphia Navy
^ ard in 18G0, relieving his first commander,
the famous Commodore Stewart. In 1861,
before open hostilities had begun. Captain
DuPont, on his own responsibility, sent an
iiinied steamer with forces to the Chesapeake
l!ay, to protect the transit of troops to Annap-
olis. In June of tliat year, he wa.s made presi-
dent of a lioard at Washington, D. ( '., charged
with th^^ business of examining the coasts of
the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico,
and furnishing a report upon which the plans
for naval operations during the war should
be based. In October, he sailed from New
York as flag-officer commanding tho South
Atlantic Llockading squadron, which took
part in the capture of the forts and harbor of
Port Poyal, November 7, 18C1. This bril-

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192

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

liant success was followed by many equally
ufiective operations, both on the coast and
upon inland waters, by which the blockade
was maintained with increasing striiiycncy.
Captain UuPont's commission as rear ad-
miral was tendered to him July III, IS (12. In
the attack upon Charleston, April 7, IblKi, the
land forces were not able to co-operate; it ac-
cordingly failed, but not until the after most
heroic efforts had been made by Admiral Du-
Pont's fleet and the irou-clads. For its de-
fence, the city had between two and three
hundred guns; the naval attack was made with
only thirty-two, and pei'sisted in until half of
them were silenced. Admiral DnPont then
withdrew from the harbor and sent the iron-
clads, according to orders received from
"\\'ashington, to the Gulf of Mexico. Although
not approved by the Navy Department at the
time, his judgment was coincided in by the
able commanders of the iron-clads, and was
fully conlirmed by later events. Admiral I)u-
Pont was recalled from his connnand June 3,
and relieved July 3, 18G3. The success of
Captain John Rodgers, scut by the Admiral
to intercept the Atlanta, atlded a happy inci-
dent to the termination of his brilliant career.
Vario)i3 services, which if less illustrious,
were not less important than those rendered
on the seas, occupied the intervals between ■
them. They included the labors performed in
numerovis commissions, boards and courts.
One of these was a commission under the au-
thority of Congress to investigate the light-
Louse system of the United States, with a
view of introducing improvements. A per-
manent Light House Board was then estab-
lished, of which he was a member, and which
itgulated the lighting of the sea-coast on the
present admirable plan. In 18-i-l, Captain,
then Couunauder DuPont, was appointed by
fcjecretary Bancroft as one of a committee to
take into consideration the formation of a
Naval Academy, and to formulate a plan for
its organization. This was subsequently ef-
fected at Annapolis, and he was frequently
called to act as one of the board of examiners.
Admiral DuT'ont, in the prime of his man-
hood, professed his allegiance to the religion
of Christ, and became! a member of the
Protestant Episcopal Church. During the in-
tervals of Lis more active naval services, he
I'articipatcd in the business of the church, at-
tending its State and National conventions,

and giving cordial encouragement and help to
its enterprises. Especially did he use his in-
liuence for the promotion of foreign missions,
his experience of many lands unvisited by the
gospel having convinced him of their import-
ance. The knowledge thus accjuired, as well
as his deep interest in the work, led to his be-
ing chosen as president of the American
Church Missionary Society. Admiral Du-
Pont's health had been impaired at the time
ol his cruise in Chinese waters, and after his
return from the South Atlantic, it failed
'■apidly. He was advised to make a tour of
Europe, but could not be persuaded to leave
his country in time of war. Having gone to
pay a short visit in Philadelphia, he died in
that city, June 23, 1S(;5. Admiral Du Pout's
bit of little more than six decades was not one
cf renun-kable length, counting by years; but
reckoning by deeds, his was a grand longevi-
iy. It was a life long enough to leave bright,
indellible traces uik.u the pages of o\u- coun-
tiy's history, and to lay up for succeeding
generations a legacy of example, made illus-
trious by steadfast endeavor, patriotism and
sincere, manly piety.

JOHN P. DONA HOE, Wilmington, Del.,
son of John and Bridget (Daley) Donahoe,
was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, August
12, 1841.

ifr. Donahoe's parents were natives of
County Tyrone, and were of sturdy ancestry.
'Ihe Donahoe family is one of the oldest in
H eland, and the Daley heritage is one of mili-
tary and ecclesiastical distinction. John
Donahoe, father of John P. Donahoe, came
to America in 1841, to prepare here a home
for his family. The following year his wife
and sou bade farewell to their Irish village
and sailed for this country. Their voyage
across the Atlantic was a long one, and tem-
pestuous, and brought them only poignant
grief, for on their arrival at Wilmington,
Del., they were met with the sad intelligence
that the husband and father they had come so-
far to rejoin had died in Philadelphia. There
\^as a cholera scourge in the land, to which
John Donahoe and two brothers had been vic-
tims. Mrs. Donahoe bravely took up the
flruggle alone, selected Wilmington as her
home, and there remained until licr death on
January 1, 1896.

John P. Donahoe entered St. Joseph's-

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STATE OF n FLAW ABE

193

paiocliial bchuol uu tlie banks of the liraudy-
wiiif, and received a good education. At an
early age he was apprenticed to a cuuper,
learned the trade and worked at it until the
hieaking o)it of the Civil AVar. lie was tpiick
lu respijud to the call of Tresidenl J,inculn
foi volunteer troops, and on April 17, IbOl,
enlisted in Company A, First regiment, Dela-
ware \'Dlunteers. Three months later, ujiun
the expiratiiiu of the regiment's term nt cn^
listment, he was honorably discharged, and on
October U, ISGl, joined the United States
^Marine Corps, in which he served until hon-
oiahly discharged four years later.

John 1*. Donalioe's military record is higli-
1} creditable. He served witli Admiral Far-
r.igiit in all liis engagements on Imard the
United States steamer Wct^t field until Jan-
uary 1, 1,>(;;J. On that datL' the boat was
blown up in the harbor of Galveston, Texas.
!Mr. Donahue was transferred to the Cliflon,
and renuiined as one of its marines \mtil
.ScDteniber 9, 1863, when it was sunk and
cajitured at Sabine Pass, Tex. All who sur-
1 ived were made prisoners by the Confeder-
ates, and Mr. Donalioe was confined at llamp-
ttcad, Tex., in a parole camp, at Red Ui\i'r
Uottum, La., and at Camp Ford, ne.;ir Tyler,
Ttx., fur twenty months and eleven days, lie
made two attempts at escape, but was recap-
tured and compelled to undergo^ greater liard-
ships than before. lie suffered indescribable
torture. Frequently he was forced to nuike
long marches barefoot, when the bruises and
cuts on bis swollen feet were so terribly ag-
gravated as almost to prevent his dragging
liiiii.-elf ailing. During his long service, he
j.articipated in thirty-five general engage-
ments and many skirmi.slies. From all the
e\ idence he has been able to obtain, he is the
only sur\ivor of the command to which he
first belonged.

'Mr. Dnnahoe was the central fig\ire in a
number of memorable incidents of the war.
At the caj)turc of the Clifton he was second
captain of a 30-ponnd Parrott gun. "When
the Stars and Stripes were hauled down in
teken I if surrender, he refused to capitulate
and continued firing the gun as long as he
could get some one to load it. In fact, ho
only left the gun when firced away by his
siil)ericir oflicers. Fven then he was nut vet
ready to yield tlie ship and its supplies, and,
seizing a carbine, he bmke everv buttle uf

medicine in the disi)ensary stures that they
jnight not fall into the enemy's bands. The
Cliftun was sunk, with tliirty-ti\e shots be-
neath its water lino and was on lire three
times, lint one gun, the UO-|)ouncl Parrott,
ci.uld be tii'ed at the end of the engagement.
Pre\i(_ius to the b.iss ef the Cliflvn ]\lr.
I )onahoe had eifectively operated the same
Parrott gun against the Confederate gunboat
Mail/ T. This gunbuat was not clad in
tieel, as are the fighting vessels of to-day, but
t(^ protect its machinery and ammunition cot-
ton bales were used. On ^lay 1, lbtj3, during
an engagement, Mr. Donahoe threw a shell
int(j the ^•es^cl. The explosion wiiicli resulted
killed nine and woiuided seventeen of its men.
'1 hen the gninboat struck her tiag, and the
Cliflon bad apparently an easy vii tury.
Some daring and skilled gunner on the Mary
T., however, sent a last shot at the Union ves-
.^el. The shell lodged in the Clifton's steam
drum and disabled her machinery. The
Miirij T. ran up its flag again and steamed
I'way. ifr. Donahoe quickly trained his Par-
iiitt gun upon the Imat and carried away ono-
ihird of its port side wheel, but, altliough
badly erijijiled, the vessel escaped. This oc-
curred at liutto la Pose, on the Atcbafalaya
Pi\er and Alligator Payou, La. The Clifton
had engaged a fort on one side and a cotton-
clad gunboat on the other, all within a dis-
tance of tliree hundred yards.

On ^lay 20, 1S(!,"(, ^Ir. Donaboe was re-
l(a>ed from his ( 'unl'ederate jiri-un and sent
1i Prooklyn Pariacks, X. Y. 'i'here he com-
pleted his term of enlistment, and on October
]-l, lS(i;"i, was honorably discharged.

The public services of ^Ir. Donahoe in civil
life liaA'e been as meritorious as his military
career. He Avas elected a Delaware State
Senator in 1SS9, speaker of the Senate in
1S91, and a member of the Constitutional
< ConAcntion of lSOC-97. He has been a mem-
ber of the Democratic State Central Commit-
tee and Avas a mendier of the Xew Castle
county ex('cutive connnittee \u\\\\ ^fay, ISOO.
t>ii XoA-ember G, 1S94, he was nominated by
the Democrats for Congress, but Delaware
A\as carried by the Pepublicans, and Mr.
Dcinahoe Avas defeated, ^[r. Donalioe is a
iiK'mber of a number of military societies and
other organizations. lie Avas mustered into
the Union Veteran Legion, Encampment Xo.
■2, (if Philadelphia, in ISSG, and is a charter

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194

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

member of Encampment No. 3-i, of Wilming-
ton. At the National Encainpiueut of tlie
].rg:ion, held in Newark, N. J., he was iinani-
uiiiusly elected junior vice national chancel-
lor. Tic is a meiid)er of Oeneral I'hil. Sheri-
dan Tost, No. 23, Ct. a. K., Department of
l)elaware. ifr. Donahoe lieloiigs also to St.
^'i^cent De Paul's Society, has served as State
delegate of the Ancient Order of Hibernians,
it Cliief Knight of the Knights of St. Law-
rence, vice-president of the Irish-American
National llistorical Society for Delaware,
and prominent in many other organizations.

^Ir. Donahoe has been engaged in business
in Wilmington for about thirty years, and has
been as successful as a business man as he was
brave as a soldier and patriotic as a statesman,
lie is president and general nnmager of the
Enterpri.'^e ^lannfacturing and Sujjply Co., of
'\^'ilming•ton.

John P. Donahoe was married, on Novem-
ber 8, 1870, to Mary, daughter of Edward
and Catharine Colton, of Sandwich, Mass.
Their children are: I. Catherine, deceased;
11. Mary; III. John; IV. Cecilia; V. Agnes;
\I. Lillian; VII. Edward; VIII. Benjamin;
IX. Helen; X. Pauline; XI. Thomas, de-
ceased; Xir. George; XllF. Martina. !Mr.
Donahoe and family all attend St. Patrick's
E. C. Church.

PHILIP K. CLAEK, AVihnington, Del.,
feon of John C. and Elizabeth (Keybold)
Clark, was born on the homestead of his
father, near Delaware City, ]\rarch 4, 1832.

John C. Clark was born March 0, 1799,
and married in 1826, Elizabeth, eldest daugh-
ter of ^Major Philip Keybold, whose biograiihy
^^ill be found in the history of Delaware
(1888), page 904. In 1827' he purchased a
large landcnl estate of 1,000 acretj adjoining
the place of his birth, upon which he after-
wards lived until his death, July 29, 18G9.
On part of this tract and on the adjoining
farms of ^fajor Philip Keybold and his six
sons, Philip, "William, John, Barney, An-
thimy and Clayton, were the famous Key-
bold and Clark peach orchards, noted for their
productiveness and pecuniary value. ilr.
( 'larke was a rare Christian character; before
he was twenty years of age he was ehdsen
rulinrr elder in St. George's Presbyterian
Church, and held that ottice for over fifty
years. lie was a director in the State Bank

in Delaware City from its establishment in
1849 until his death; was trustee of Delaware
College at Newark, and for many years trus-
tee of the poor, an otlice which Ik; said he
■woidd rather hold than any in the gift of the
S(ate. .Mr. ('lark was president of the con-
vention tliat nominated Lincoln for the Presi-
dency in 18(!0. Eew men in the State have
maintained the relations of life, whether inib-
lic, official or domestic, with such singular
])urity, earnestness and fidelity as John (J.
Clark.

Philip K. Clark, who was his second son,
attended the public schools of the neighbor-
hood and also Delaware College. When
Iwenty-two years of age he settled at Wood-
land Earm near Christiami, Delaware, and
Soon afterwards married Ennna A., daughter
of David and I'lizabeth Compton, of ^laurice-
town, N^. J. Their children are: I. J. Curtis;
II. George W.; IlL Marion; IV. Edwin C.;
A'. May; VI. Bessie; VII. Clara. In 1880,
ilr. Clark was elected sheriff of New Castle
county. Two years previous he was noniiiuited
for that office, but the Kep\iblican party be-
ing confident of defeat no effort was made,
and no candidates were nominated for Con-
gressorforthelx'gislattire, yet by his own en-
{ i-gy and perseverance, as expressed by the op-
position papere, "he came within an ace of be-
ing elected sheriff." He proved a faithful
and popular officer, discharging his varied du-
ties in a manner reflecting credit upon himself
and the position. Upon the expiration of his
term of office he removed to Wilmington,
where he has since resided, conducting a real
estate and brokerage business.

FKANKLIN MENDENHALL IIAKKIS,
Philadel])hia, Pa., son of Franklin ^lenden-
hall and Anna ^Nfaria (Atkinson) Harris, was
born in Philadeli)hia, December 25, 1839.

His great-grandfather, Samuel Harris, was
born in Delaware in 1743; of the date of his
death no record is extant. He wa.s a soldier
in the patriot army, in the Kevolutionary war.
Jo?ei)h Harris, son of Samuel Harris, wad also
a native of Delaware, born in 1797), died May
m, 1808. He fought for his country in the
^\ar of 1812. In 1817 he married Jane
Jacpu'tte. I'ranklin !Mendenhall Harris, the
elder, their son, was born in l)(daware, July 1,
ISIS; he died Novend>er 27, 1839, at Gelves-
ton, Tex., at the early age of twenty-oTU", leav-

ill

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STATE OF DHLAW'AUK

195

jrig a youuy wife, Anna Maria Atkiiisun, to
\ liom he was manifd Uctoliur 21, IblJS. Hid
bull and luiuiL'sakc was born nearly a iiiontli
:ilter his untimuly death.

Franklin M. Harris, 2, was edueated in the
piihlie M-liuols of his native eity, so justly ad-
mired for the tliorotifi,h and jiractieal
training they aiford. lie evineed early
in life a deeided talent, as well as
a strong ineliiiation, for bnsiness, and
\\liile M'areely beyond boyhood, became
interested in building, and began to take
J, art in the rapidly ailvaneing iiuprovemeiits
cf the city. Apt in atfairs, honest and perse-
\eriiig, ]\lr. Harris's suecess appeared from the
jir.-t to be a foregone conchision. His career
was, liowever, interrupted at an eaidy stage by
the war of the Kebellioii; patriotism impelled
him to \-oliiiiteer for the defense of his coun-
try's flag, and at the very beginning of the
conflict, he enlisted in the Eighteenth I'eiin-
syhaiiia N'ohiiiteers, for the tliree months'
t,er\ice, and was mustered in as corporal, April
M, 18(Jl. His term expired in August of the
sriine year, after which he re-enliste(l in the
Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Volunteers, and
was mustered in as sergeant of ("onipany A;
on May f), 1SG2, he was promoted to first ser-
geant, and in October of the same year, re-
ceived his commission as second lieutenant.
His ne.xt promotion, November 1-t, 18U2, was
tc a first lieutenancy; and this rank he held
until honorably discharged on account of dis-
abilities contracted in the service. Lieutenant
Harris ri'turned to his home with an envialde
record as a brave and faithful soldier, after
liaviug taken part in the engagements at West
T'oint, Oaines' Mill, Savage Station, "White
Oak Swam]), Oharles City Cross Roads, Mal-
vern Hill, Second Bull l\un, Chantilly, Fred-
ericksburg, Franklin's Crossing, Chancelloi-s-
vllle, Mary's Heights, Salem Heights, Oettys-
hurg, liaiipahannock Station and !Mine Knu.

At the close of this memorable ])eriod of
service, Mr. Harris resumed his activities in
<he building business, aTid set vigorously to
v\ork to recover his lost ground. He under-
took some of the most extensive building oper-
ations in the city, and his business iiu-reasing
in a short time to very large proportions, he
established the ])resent firm of Franklin M.
Harris A- Co., of which he is senior partner.
Since he first engaged in husiness, INfr. Harris
lin? hail no strikes, nor any difficulties with his
cni]ilovees, because he has aUvavs Iven c rc^'cl

to give them their just dues. He has at times
employed thousands of mechaiiics of all
trades; and the confidence witli which he is
ugarded is proved by the fact that many of
the men now in his employ have worked for
him for more than thirty-live years. Since
Ib^i), the year in whiidi the firm of Franklin
M. Harris et Co. was organized, the business
has uiade rapid advances, the operations of the
film reacdiing into the .surrounding couutry,
Miany miles from Philadcl])hia; the firm has
Lcen entrusted with some of the largot con-
tracts in this and neighboring cities.

]\Ir. Harris has for nine years been a mem-
ber of the City Council, Select branch, hav-
ing been elected first in 18S!i. He represents
ihe Thirty-second ward, a fine up-town sec-
lion e)f tiie city, whose many elegant and
healthful iieight)orhoods bear testimony to his
\igilant and judicious care for the interests of
his constituents. For his perseverance and
success in obtaining feir his ward its full share
of ai)propriations for improvements, ^^Ir. Har-
ris has been jocosely styled "the watch-dog of
I tic departments." Kor has his intere-t been
confined within the narrow limits of his own
Mard; he has eagerly promoted the advance-
ment'of Philadelphia by all material improve-
ments, his will and ability to do so having been
receignizcd by his appointment as a member
of many important committees, especially
such as were appointed to make investigations,
01 to take charge of improvements requiring
mechanical skill for the>ir execution. His en-
thusiasm for publi.- works, his experience ri
In.ilding on a large .scale, and his thorough
knowledge of nu'chanics have made him an
iuuMirtant and useful me^mber e>f the Public
Pnihlings Commission. He is also chairman
ui Council's Committee on Itailroaels, and a
member of the committees em finance, schools,
electrical boilei-s, inspection, Fairmount I ark
and Soldiers' Monuments. He is president of
Ihe Pilaster Bricklayers' Company, the second
organization of its kin.l, in point of age, in the
Fnited States; ex-president of the Master
Ihiilders' Fxe-hauge; and a member of many
fratc-rnal organizations.

Franklin M. Harris was marne.l m Unla-
delohia. Pa., on September 1, 1S(;1, to Mary
S , datuihter of Frederick AV. and Bosanua 1 .
Youiiii; of Philadelphia. Th.'ir clnhlivn are:
1. Franklin M. Harris, Jr.; H. Mary Howard
Harris (Mrs. Lewis A. Smith).

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19G

BIOGRAPHICAL ENOVCLOI'EDIA

JA]\IES WALTER LATTOMIJS, Esi[.,
"Wilmington', Del., sou of Aluxaiuler Craw-
I'oul and Temperance Ann (Harris) Lattouius,
A^as Lorn on the place known as the J'^liasou
Farm, adjoining IJIackbird Station, New Cas-
tle county, Del., January 5, 1800.

Tlie Dattonuis family is of Huguenot ori-
gin; the branch residing in Delaware is de-
scended from James Lattomiis, who settled in
Appoquinimink hundred. His first purcha.se
of land was in 17i)7; in 1770 he bought the
property near Odessa, known as the Jjishop
iScott I'arni, and now owned by Cieorge L.
'Jown^.'ud. On Jlay 20, 170G, James Latto-
nius was married to Susanna (iooding. In a
deed recorded at AVilmington, in Deed Record
S, vol. 2, page 29i), it is stated that Susanna
Gooding was a granddaughter of John Good-
ing, a prominent man in the early history of
Ecd Lion hundred. James Lattomus died
]\Iay 17, 1777, leaving three children: I.
Liana; II. John; III. James. Jolm Lattomus
became a farmer and cabinet-maker. From
him lias descended that branch of the family
now living at Townsend.

Janu's Lattomus, 2, became a noted niinis-
Ici of tlie Methodist Episcopal Church. He
spent much of his itinerant life in \'irgin'ia.
In ISOO, he was a member of tlie General (,'on-
frrcnce, and offered the following resolution,
which sliows tliat he was a man of advanced
ideas: "That every member of the !Metliodist
Episcopal f'hurcli holding slaves shall, witliin
the term of one year from the date hereof,
give an instrument of emancipation for all
liis slaves; and the Quarterly ]\[ceting ("on-
fcrence shall determine on the time the slaves
shall serve, if the laws of the State do mit ex-
pressly prohibit their emancipation." Xega-
tived. — Journal of General Conference, ISOO.
'Mr. Lattomus returned to Delaware in 1801,
and was assigned to a charge on the Smyrna
circuit, but in a very few years was obliged
by failing health to retire from the work of the
ministry. Rev. James Lattonms was man-ied,
January 1, 1801, to Rachel, daughter of Cor-
nelius !N"audain, who was like himself, of
French descent, and a native of Delaware.
Their children were: L James Cornelius; II
Renjamin Allfrce; TIL Robert INL Combs.
Rev. Mr. Lattomus died i^Iarch 4, 1807, and
was interred in the graveyard of St. Anne's
IL E. Church, at IMiddletown, Del.

James Cornelius Lattomus became a farm-

er, and resided nearly all his life in Appoquin-
imink hundred, New Castle county, Del. His
T.olitical views were those of the Whig party.
Ik married Mrs. Ann (ilildrum) Corrie,
widow of (jcorge Corrie; she was born in Ap-
)io(iuinimiiik hundred in ISOO. 'Ihcir chil-
dren were: I. John; II. Diana; III. Rachel;
IV. James; V. Robert; VI. Alexander Craw-
ford; VII. Amanda; VIII. Joseph; IX. Jien-
janiin. James C. l.attuinus died in Kenton
hundred in 184'J, and was Iniried in the Union
cemetery in Appoquinimink hundred; he was
a member of the Union ^I. E. Church. Mrs.
J. C. Lattomus died in 1>77, at the residence
(d her son, Alexander C!. Lattomus; she was
buried by the side of her laisband.

His father's death having left this large
family in very straiteiUMl ein-nmstaiic 's, Alex-
an<ler Crawford Lattumus began making his
own living at the age of fourteen. L'efore he
was of age, he and his brother, James Latto-
mus, rented a farm. They farmed together
until the}' were able to cultivate two farms,
when they separated. Mr. A. C. Lattomus is
now a prominent and well-to-do fanner of
Rlackbird hundred, owning several highly im-
proved and thriving farms in dilferent ])art3
of the State. In his political views he is liber-
al, He has been elected twice to the board
of school commissioners. Alexander ('raw-
ford Lattomus was manied, December 24,
18G1, to Temperance Ann, youngest daughter
of James aiul ^lary (Brockson) Harris; !Mr.
Harris was a prosperous farmer, and a Demo-
cratic leader in A))po([uinimink hundred. He
was a descendant of Sa])iens Harris, one of the
early settlers of the State, and a large land
owner in lowei Xcw T'a.stle county. The
children of Mr. and ,^^rs. A. C. Lattomus are:
I. Mildred, born October 15, 1802, died in in-
fancv; IL ^^arv AniandiL, born Ajiril 17,
lS(;i, died in childhood; III. James W., Esq.,
of Wilmington; IV. Amanda Florence (Mvfi.
Samuel J. Brockson), of Kenton, bom Au-
gust 8, 1870; Y. Joseph E., born March 16,
1874, married Emma Brockson. Soon after
the birth of his son James W., j\Ir. Lattomus
removed to the fann he had pui'chased near
Green Sjn-ing, where he has since resided.
Both he and his wife hold membershi]) in the
Salem ^Methodist Rrotcstant Church in Black-
bird hundred.

Their third, but now eldest living child,
James Walter Lattomus, attended the distri^-t

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STATE OF DELAWARE

197

school until he was about fifteen yeai-s old,
when he was sent to the Smyrna High School
for one year. lie then assisted his futhi'r on
the fiirm, attending Prof. Iloe's private school
during the winter months. In lb88, he began
teaching at Van Dyke's school; after tilHng
this engagement for one year, he resigned, in
order to enter Delaware College, whicli he did
in Scptcniber, 1SS9. By earnest and diligent
study, Mr. Lattonuis completed the four years'
CdUi-sc in tliree yeai-s, graduating third in his
class in 1;^02. Soon after his graduation, he
was elected principal of Saint Cieorge's jiul)-
lic school, which jjosition he resigned in July,
Isn;], in order to accept the principalship of
tlie Felton jiublic schools to which he had
been elected. Tiie last-named position also he
resigned, in 1895, and in September nf thiit
year, entered tlie Law Department of Wash-
ington and Lee University, from which he was
graduated in June, 189G. In the same
month, !Mr. Lattonius was admitted to the l)ar
of Virginia, but returned at (ince to his native
state, and opened an office in Wilmington in
I'ebruary, 1897, where he has since been prac-
ticing, lie is a Past Councillor of Felton
Council, Junior O. V. A. 31., and a first lieu-
tenant (if the Delaware College Cadet Corps.
!Mr. Lattnnnis holds mend)er^hip in Grace !M.
E. church, AVilmincton, Del.

II OX. JA:^[ES POXDER, late of :Milton,
Del., was the son of lion. -lolin and Hester
f ^lilbv) Pondt'r, and was born in ^liltou, Octo-
ber ;'.i, 1819.

The great grandfather of Gov. Ponder, a
gentleman of English descent, named John
Ponder, was the first of the family who re-
sided in Delaware. He came to this state
from Virginia, and took out a patent for the
land which is still tlie heritage of the family.
His sou, James Ponder, was a farmer, cidti-
\ating his extensive patrimony, which is in
liroadkiln hundred, Sussex county. James
Ponder was man-ied to Sarah AVarren, of Ce-
dar Creek liundred; their children were: T.
John; II. Eleanor, wife of John Powland, a
farmer of Sussex county, whose sister wa.i
married to Governor Paynter; III. Elizal)eth,
wife of licv. S. Ferry, a Presbyterian minis-
ter; IV. "Mary, wife of John Grav, removed
to Iowa in 1842.

The only son of this family, John Ponder,
2, was born on the homestead in August, 1 701 .

After attending in his youth the schools of hu
neighborhood, receiving a good plain educa-
tion, he left his father's farm in 1809, at the
age of eighteen, to become a clerk in the store
of ilajor Ilazzard, father of the late Gov.
Ilazzard, at Aiiltou. A few years later, during
the war of 1812, he ser\'ed in the ranks of
his country's defenders; this service waa re-
warded by the government with ceiliiin land
warrants. After the war, .Mr. Ponder formed a
]iatnershii) with Arthur ]Milby, .styling the
firm ^lilby k. Ponder, in a business including
general merchandise, and the purchase and
shijunent of Sussex county iron. 'J'housands of
tons were annually shipped to point,s in A^ew
Jei-sey, jirincipaliy in vessels owned by the
firm. .Milby & Ponder also dealt in lumber,
firain, wood and quercitron bark. This part-
nei-ship continued \uitil 1830, from which
time until 1843, John Ponder conducted the
business in his own name; his son James, after-
wards Gov. Ponder, then became his partner,
and the firm of John Ponder & Son held on
in its steady and successful course until the
partnershij) was dissolved by the death of its
senior member. John Ponder, 2, was a suc-
cessful man in his business affairs, and was also
generally jiojiular. He was a Democrat, and '-i
warm admirer of Gen. Jackson, lioth pei-son-
ally and as President of the United States.
j\Ir. Ponder served repeatedly as Commis-
sioner of the Levy Court of Sussex county.
He served four years as state senator for that
county, liaving been elected in 1852.

John Ponder was married in 1810 to Hes-
ter, dauglitcr of ('apt. Xathaniel ",Milby, and
niece of his partiu'r, Arthur ^lilby. ^li-s.
Ponder's father was the master of a coasting
vessel; ho died of yellow fever at Portsmouth,
Ya., and was buried there. The children of
this marriage are: I. James; 11. Anna, vnie
of the late Chancellor Saulsbury; III. an in-
fant, died very young. Mi-s. I'onder died in
1S27. 3Ir. Ponder died in 1SG3, of paralysis.

After a thorough course of studies in the
"Milton, Lewes ami GeorgetoMm academies,
James Ponder, in 1838, entered his father's
store as clerk, and continued in that position
until, as has been saiil, he was admitted to an
interest in tlu' business, .Tan\iary 1, 184:1.
During the twenty yeai-s of jiartnership, the
firm was very largely engaged in the building,
j/urchase and sale <if trading ves-sels, which
James Ponder eoutinue<l after the decease of

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198

BIOaUAriUCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

liis father, having at that time reliiiquishoil
tlie store whieh liad heeu carried oti from the
foundation of the business. In IMdO, he ereet-
etl a steam saw-uiiil for the manufaeture of
lumber, ship-tind>er and ([uereitron bark, be-
low the l)rid;ic aeross the Ih-oadkilu Creek, and
ou the soiuh bank; at this mill a very exten-
sive and tlourishiug business was carried on;
the stoek of bark alone at one time was valued
at forty thousand dollars. J^y purchases,
James Ponder added extensive tracts to the
origiiuil estate, jiatentcd liv the first John
Ponder, and became the largest laud-owner
in Sussex county. His estate was divided.into
farms, kept in productive condition by care-
ful cultivation; a considerable ])ortion of the
laud was ilevoted to ])each culture.

From the tinu» when he attained his nui-
jority, dames Ponder was a su]iporter of the
l)emocratic party, lie was elected to the
State Legislature in 185(5. During the scis-
sion of 1857, he assisted iu the election of
James A. Bayard and ^rartiii AV. Tiates to the
U. S. Senate, and introihu'cnl the bill for the
incorjioration of the Junction and Breakwater
Pnilroad, now the Delaware, ]\Iaryland and
Virginia Pailroad, and operated as a part of
the great P. P. P. sj'stem. He was elc<'t^?d
to the State Senate in 18(i4, and was s]ieakcr
of that bo<ly in 1 S(J7. In 1870, ho Avas ele<-ted
on the Democratic ticket, by a large majority,
to the highest office in the gift of the State,
that of go\-ernor. In every official pasition,
dames Ponder was distinguished by the .same
faithfulness to the trust im|)osed upon him,
and the same digidty of denu'anor. He was
inaugurated as governor January 17, 1871,
and administered the State Executive Depart-
ment for four yeai"s most honorably and satis-
factorily. Gov. Ponder was connected with
the Kent County ^tutual Insurance Company
from its organization in 1S17, and was for
many yeai-s one of its directors and for several
j'ears before his death was its president. lie
was for many ye^i-s also on the board of direc-
tors of the Farmers' Pank of Delaware, was
president of the fSeorgetown branch, and after
his removal to AN'ihuington, iu 1S75, a direc-
tor of the Wilmington branch.

Hon. James Ponder w;is married, in July,
1851, to Sarah, daughter of (Jideou and Sarah
Waples, of ^lilton. Their children are: I.
Ida; 11. John, who resides at the old home-
stead near IVIilton; TIL James, wiio died in his

seventh year; J\'. James ^V. Ponder, who is
jiracti<'ing law iu \\ ilmiugton. I'Dr many
generations, the Ponder family have been
members of the Protestant Kpiscopal Church.
Potli the (iovcrnor and his father were oflico-
bearei-s in that eonununion, the latter Inning
been vestryman and warden of St. ifatthew's
1*. K. Church, in ('edar Creek huiuli-ed, and
the former a warden of the Church of Sr.
John the Paptist, at -Milton. Kx-(iovernor
J'ouder died at his residence in Milton, D(d.,
Xovendier 5, 181)7.

MFRPIS TAYLOR, Wilmington, Del.,
editor of Kvenj Evening, was bom in Wil-
mingtou, December 10, 1851. He is a son
(jf IJeujamin Taylor, who during the war of
tlic Rebellion was first assistant engineer of
the II. S. Steamship Altthanid, and died of
yellow fever iu (luarantine at New York, in
August, ]8r);J. The family in this couutry
descended frtmi Peter Taylor, a worthy fol-
lower of AVilliam Penn, who came over with
the Projuietor's earliest expedition, and set-
tled iu what is now Chester county. Pa. His
descendants are numerously represented in the
Taylor fauulies of Ciiester and Delawiire
c(Uinties, Pennsylvania, and of Cecil county,
ifarylaud.

]\Ierris Taylor atteiuled Public School Xo.
4, on Washington street above Second, which
was at that time the high school of the city.
He jiassi'd through all the grades of the in-
stitution, his class during the last year includ-
ing a number of boys who subsequently be-
came noted in varioiis walks of life. Among
them were ex-Postmaster William F. Ilarrity,
of Philadel])hia, Secretary of the Common-
wealth of I'ennsylvania; A. S. L. Shicdds,
Ksq., a leading attorney of the same city;
Henry C. Conrad, Esq., ex-President of the
City Council; aiul ex-City Solicitor Henry
C Turner.

Early in 1864, Mr. Taylor entered the of-
fice of the old Delaware Gazette, where he
leanied the printer's trade. He afterwards
woi'ked in the office of tlie Journal and
Slalesjnan, and in June, 1870, went to
Smyrna, Delaware, to work on the
Smyrna Herald, then owned by James W.
S])rnance. The retirement of the editor of
this jtaper a month later, was the occasion of
^fr. Taylor's introduction into the ranks of
journalism: aiul during the ensuing twidve

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STATE OF DEI. AW ARE

190

iiiuiitlis lie acted as editor, publisher, euiu-
pubitor, pressman and general manager of tlio
pajicr, tlioiigli the financial results of ids la-
bors were not such as to convince him that tho
lot of a journalist was either a happy ur a
j>rosj)erous one.

In August, 1871, "^\v. Taylor went to Phil-
ndel])hia, and for about a month worked as a
"sub"- in the various oftiees of that city. He
then returned to AVilmington and took a p(J-
sition in the composing room of Every Even-
iiiij. SubsecpuMitly, he held a ease in tlu^
eom]iosing room of the old Coiiunririal. Ou
AjH-il 1, 1872, (J. P. Johnson, then jiroprie-
tor of the Delaware Gazelle, began to issue a
daily edition of his pajter, on which }\\r. Tay-
lor was eini^loyed as city editor. He held
this position until February, 1882, wdien he
resigned, to assume the cit}' editoi-ship of the
Suiulay Slav. In May of the same year, he
and Jerome B. Bell formed a partnershii),
and jiurehased the Gazelle of Mr. Johnson,
the ]iublicMtion of which they eontimuMl until
Decendier 10, 1883, when tliey sold it to the
proprietors of Every Evening. In A])ril,
ISSl, !Mr. Taylor became a niemlier of the
editoiial staff of Every Evening, ha\'ing s])e-
cial charge of the political department. lie
represented that journal at Hover during tho
legi-^latlve session of 1885. Ke afterwards
became nnmaging editor, and since Septem-
ber, 1891, has been editi>r-in-chief.

Xot only was ^fr. Taylor brought into ciin-
iiection with political affairs as a jounialist,
but he also took an active pereonal interest
in jiolitics, and was locally ])rominent in the
Democratic party almost from the time when
he cast his first vote. At the legislative ses-
sion of 1877 he Avas elected clerk of the State
Senate, and performed the duties of the oftice
Anth great credit. In April, 1879, he was
elected a member of the Board of Kdiu'ation
from the First ward, but resigned in the Sep-
tember following, having been nominated for
member of the City Oonncil, to which ]>o-
sition ho was elected by a large majority. lie
served until the expiration of his term, ia
Juii(\ 1882, during which time he was cliair-
nuui of tlie finance and legislative connuit-
tecs, and tix)k a prominent part in all the ]n'o-
eeedings of Council. In June, 1884, he was
again elected, this time from the Third ward,
defeating the retiring mendier, 'I'lmnias John-
son, ]ie|)ublican, by a nuijonty of thirimi.

In June, 18SC, he was re-elected by a nui-
jority of over five hundred. During his sec-
ond term, Mr. 'J'aylor was again chairman of
the finance committee, and also of the com-
mittee on park.H, actively participating in the
legislation that rcMdlcd iu the purchase of
the ])ark grounds along the IJrandywine and
in the Fleventh ward. He retired from
Council at the ex])iration of his second term,
in June, 1888, declining, in the face of strong
])ressure, a re-nomimition that would have
l)een ecpiivalent to a re-election, ^fr. Taylor
was also reading clerk of tiie Delaware
House of Bejiresentatives, during the se>.-lou
of 1887.

In addition to his work on the press of
Wilmington, ^fr. Taylor has served as cor-
respondent of leading jounuils of Xew York,
Philadelphia and Baltimore. At present, iu
])oiut of continuous service, he practically
stands at the head of the newspaper workers
of "Wilmington.

JFSSE K. 1'>.VY1,IS, Wilmington, Del.,
son of Samuel I!, and Sarah (Kendall) Baylis,
of l^randywitie hundred, was born in ^Vil-
mington, Feln-uary 10, 1841].

^Nfr. l^aylis received a good education in the
public schools of his native city, and after
leaving school learned the trade of sash mak-
ing. After some years ho extended the busi-
ness by making it indude other articles neces-
sary to builders. He was the first to intro-
duce the tile and mantel business into Wil-
mington and was engage<l in the sale of tiles,
mantels and grates at 718 Market street until
he became the lessey of the Wilmington
Cirand Opera House. It was in 1874 that
!Mr. Baylis ass\imed the management of that
l)oi)ular j)lace of entertainment, which he has
conducted ever since so judiciously, and with
such regard for the comfort, convenience and
jjleasure of the pulilic as to give great satis-
faction to the patrons of the house. During
the past twenty-f(nir years, all the leading
artistd of the country have appeared in the
(irand Opera House, with marked success.
.Mr. P.aylis is wcdl known as a public-spirited
citizen, taking jdeasure in any service that
he can render to the interest of the commu-
nity, lie was for eight years a mendier of
the Boiu-d of Education. In 18!tr) he was
electe<l jiresident of the City ('(juncil, and
ser\ed one term in that capacity with faith-

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lUOGRAPHWAL EXCYCLOP-EDIA

fulness aiul efficiency. lie is treasurer of the
(uiardiau Loan Association. ^Ir. Jlaylis is
an ardent Dcniocriit, and was the first presi-
<h-nt of Council adhering to that party for
juanv years. He is a monibcr of Washington
Lodgei Xo. 1, F. and A. .M.; of St. John's
Chai)tcr, No. 1, M. A. M.\ and of St. .John's
Conmiandery, No. 1, Ivnights Tenijilar.

Jesse K. Baylis was married October 12,
1805, to Ellen K., daughter of ^Afahudii P.
and (,'atlierine i\Iason, and granddaughter of
Park ^lason, an old and honored resident of
AVihningtou. TluMr children arc as follows:
I. Poscoe F., born F'ebruary 2, ISCiS, edu-
cated in the ])nl)lic ;>chools of Wilmington,
and at present a clerk in the office of iho. su-
perintendent of the Philadel|)hia, Wilming-
ton and Baltimore Pailroad, where lie has
been employed since the time of his leaving
school, lie is a member and past master of
Washington Lodge, No. 1, F. and A. ^I., and
of St. John's Chapter, No. 1, Iv. A. ^\.\
Roscoc Y. Baylis nian-ied Nina, daughter of

John 11. and Graham, and has two

children, i. Jesse X., Jr., ii. TIelen; If.
AVynard T^., born January !», JSTo, educated
in the ]nil)lie schools, is at present a clerk in
the freight department of the Philadeliihia,
Wilmington and Baltimore Bailroad; III.
Lester X., born August 21, ISIS, now en-
gaged with his father in the management of
the (irand C)i)era House.

wtllta:\i west s:\rrTiTEKS, Esq.,

PhiladeliJiia, Pa., son of William llenry and
!Mary .1. (Reed) Smithei"s, was born ]\ray 5,
1SG4, in Philadeli)hia, whither his parents
had removed from ]\[ilton, Sussex county.
Pel.

Capt^iin William Henry Smithers, eldest
son of TTon. Elias Smithei-s, of ]\rilford, Del.,
manned !^^ary J., daughter of Joseph and
]\rary (Tngraham) Becd. !Mr. Bced was a
native of Virginia, and had settled at ^lilton,
Del., and 'S\\-i. Bced was a daughter of An-
thony IngTaham, one of the five sons of John
Tngraham, the first of the family to settle in
Sussex county.

In 1^05, her husband having died in Phil-
adelphia, ]\rrs. William TL Smithei-s re-
turned with her three daughters and her son,
William West, an infant only a year old, to
her fonuer home in ^filton, Bel. Bere the
boy attended school until 1870, when ho

came with his mother to Philadelphia, and
secured a position in a mercantile house for
a few months. Bi August, 1877, his uncle,
]"!lias P. Smithers, Esij., an attorney in Phila-
(h'lphia, took him int(j his olHce. With this
nncle lie began the stud)' of law, and in June,
1S87, took the degree of l^L. B. as a graduate
of the Law School of the Bniversity of Penn-
sylvania. !Mr. Smithers was the first student
of the J-aw School to take two honoi-s, being
chosen by the Faculty to deliver the graduat-
ing oration, and also receiving the first jirize
(known, as the Slierwoiid jjrize) for the best
essay. Bis oration was entitled, "Diffusion
of National Sentiments," and his essay had
for its theme, '"'riie Belation of Attorney and
Client." The latter has since been j)ublished,
and is used by Pennsylvania law stnihnts as
a text-book. After graduation, .Mr. Smithers
remained with his \incle, Flias P. Smithci-s,
until September, 1S8'J, when he oijened his
o\\ n offices. lie has since enjoyed a lucrative
and im])ortant general jiractice, meeting w\\\\
)iarticular success in jury cases. In the midst
of his i>rofessional engagements, however,
-Mr. Smithers finds recreation and improve-
ment in literary ])ursuits. Besides the able
essay above named, he luis published "The
Life of John Lotland, the ^ifilford Bard," and
"A Coaching Trip Through Delaware," as
well as numerous newspaper and magazine
articles on a variety of topics.

Mr. Smithei-s has traveled all over this
country and Canada, and spent two siimmers
in Eurojje. He reads, writes and speaks the
French lang\iage with fluency, and has the
distinction of being one of the few lawyers
at the J'hiladeli)hia bar who are able to trans-
act business with Frenchmen in their own
tongue, lie is a member of the Masonic Fra-
ternitv, of the I. 0. O. F., the Junior O. U.
A. :\r", the 1. O. B. IsL, the Historical Society
of Pennsylvania, the Sons of Delaware, the
Law Association, and both the General and
the I>aw Alumni Associations of the Univer-
sity of Pennsylvania.

On June A, 1889, AVilliam West Smithers
was man-ied to Virginia Scott, daughter of
Honore B. and Cornelia (Beynon) Lyons.
They have one child. Gene, bom April 3,
IMIO.

PETER B. AYABS, AVilmington, Del.,
son of Benjamin D. and Jane Ann (Elkintun)

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STATE OF DELAWAIiE

201

Ayars, was bom in Bridgeport, N. J., April
17, 1S42.

His jiatenial aucestoi-s were Scotch; the
inattTDal, French. Noah Ayai-s, great-graiid-
I'ather of Peter B. Ayars, was born in Ayr-
shire, Scothiud, .and was among the passon-
gei-s the good ship ]l[a7j/lower brouglit to
Anierit-a on her second trip westward over
the Athmtic. lie made his first home in this
country with the original settlers at Ply-
moutii, ^lass. Afterwards he removed to
Cumberland county, N. J., and, it is said,
founded the to\\ai of Bridgeton. lie was a
soldier in the Ixevolutionary war, and his cer-
titicate of discharge from the Continental
army is now in possession of Pet<?r 15. Ayars,
who has, also, it may he mentioned iiero, the
i-ertitlcate of the discharge of his maternal
grandfatiier, Benjamin DuBois, fmm tlie
same army of patriots.

Noali Ayai-3, 2, grandfather of Peter B.
Ayars, and son of Noah Ayai-s, is su])posed
to have been horn in Bridgeton, N. J. It is
certain that he was educated there, engaged
in business, died, and was buried tiiere. lie
married iliss DuBois. Among their children
were Robert, Joseph, Noah, 3, and Benjamin
1). Noah Ayars, 3, is the only sur\'ivor of
the family. Ue is still liWng in Ih-idgetofi,
at an advanced age. His ^v^fe died in Phila-
delphia in 18G1, and is buried in that city.

Benjamin 13. Ayai-s, father of Peter B.
Ayars, was born in Bridgeton, N. J., in Oc-
tober, 1812. He attended the schools of tliat
place and resided there during his youth.
AVhen old enough to begin a trade, he went
to Philadeliihia and learned carpentry, in
which occupation he was engaged until his
death. Benjamin D. Ayars married Jane
Ann, daughter of John and Eliza Elkinton.
Their children were: I. Elizabeth (^[rs.
George Zane), of Bridgepfirt, N. J., deceased,
as is her husband also, had children, i. Eliza-
beth (Mrs. Andrew Henry), of Lebanon, Pa.,
ii. Georgiana (^Ws. Elwood Tussey), of Wil-
mington, Del.; II. Benjamin, of Chester,
Pa., married Elizabeth Steelman, had one
child, Benjamin, 2, patentee of the "Ayars'
!Mail Catcher and Deliverer," died in 1895,
aged twenty-four; III. John B., died in
1S50, from smallpox; IV. William IL H.,
died in 186G; V. Peter B.; VI. Mary J.
(>rrs. Stratlon Mitchell), of Chester, Pa., Iiad
children, i. George 11., ii. Clinton K., iii.

Isaac M., iv. Bertha, all of Chester; VII.
George W., accidentiilly choked to death, at
the age of eighteen; VI 11. Charles, died
aged twenty, from cold and e.xposure; IX.
Amanda (.Mrs. Emiuit E. Stidiiamj, of W'il-
miiigtou. Mr. Stidham was at one time
coroner of New Castle county, Del. Benja-
min D. Ayai"s died in Chester, Pa., November
25, 1888; his wife in Bridgeport, N. J., in
1855, wiiere they are both buried.

Peter B. Ayars lived in BridgeiJort until
ho was nine years ohl and then came to Wil-
mington, where he attended thu public
schciols and Traverse Academy. When ho
reached the age of sixteen he returned to
Bridgeport and learned carriage blacksmith-
ing. lie worked at his trade until the break-
ing out of the Civil War, when he was amung
the lirst to utfi'r his services ior the preserva-
tion of the Union.

On ^lay 25, 18G1, Mr. Ayai-s enlisted in
Philadelphia, in Company E, Thirty -second
regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers; the regi-
mental number was changed to uLuoty-
ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers. He par-
ticipated in every important engagement
of the Army of the Potomac until April 6,
18G5, the day of the battle of Sailor's C'reek,
Va. In all, he fought in tifty-four liattles,
always bravely and always in the forefront
but not without severe injuries to himself.
He was several times wounded, first at Spott-
sylvania Court House, Va., May 15, 1861,
when he received a bullet in his left shoulder.
At the battle of Petersburg, October 28,
18G1, he was wounded in the right leg, and
on April (i, 1SG5, he lost his left arm at the
battle of Sailor's Creek, Va. ilr. Ayai^s was
a gallant soldier, fearless in the face of dan-
ger and undaunted by the most imposing
array of the enemy, and his services for his
country were fitly rewarded by numerous
promotions. He entered the army as a pri-
vate and passed through all the grades of
nou-conunissioned officers. In April, 18G4,
he was promoted to second lieutenant, and iu
June, 18G4, he was commissioned first lieu-
tenant of his company. On April 0, 18G5,
when his arm was shot off, he was acting ad-
jutant of his regiment. He was discharged
with the rank of captain, Mny 15, 18G5, at
the otlicei-s' hospiUil, Annapolis, ild., under
Special Order, No. 82, which discharged all
ollicers in the hospitjil at that time.

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202

BIOGHAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

A\'lieu the war was over he went to Cliester,
Pa., and tliere K'anied telegraphy. In the
fall of 1805 he removed to Wilmington and
was employed as an operator in the railroad
sernce of the Philadelphia, Wilmington and
Jialtimore Pailroad. He remained in said ser-
vii'e for nine years and was then tendered a
position in the AVilmington postoffice. lie ae-
' eepted it and was a popular and faithful at-
taidie of the office for a period of fourteen
years. The past nine years he has held the
offiee of deputy collector and inspector of
customs at AVilmington, and has proved a ca-
jiahle and etficient appointee. He is a mem-
l>er of DuPont Post, No. 2, G. A. K., of Wil-
mington, and past junior vice-commander-
in-chief of the Grand Army of the Kepublic.
^\y. Avars is, also, supreme commander of
the Legion of the Ped ( 'ross. lie holds mem-
bei-ship in the State Historical Society and
the Sons of the Povolutiou. lie is a staunch
PcpuMican and an active party worker.

On :May 10, ISO;"), in Chester, Pa., Peter
E. Avars married Annie E., daughter of Har-
per and ^ilargaret J. Dunn, of IMiiladcliihia,
Pa. Mrs. Ayai-s was horn in Philadeljihia,
December 2,^1848. Their children are: I.
Clara (^h-s. Joseph N. Warren), of Chester,
has children, i. Esther, ii. Thonuis N., iii.
Edward, iv. Jay, v. George; II. IMargaret
J. (:Mrs. John C. Green), of Wilmington, has
ohildrcn, i. John C, 2, ii. Alice A.; HI.
Florence (Mrs. George Cox), of Wilmington;
has two children, [Margaret and (jcorgc Ed-
ward Cox; lY. Edward F. J., student in
Delaware College, Newark, Del.; enbstcd
in the war against Spain as sergeant of Com-
])anv M, First Delaware Infantrj', United
States Volunteers, Aiiril,lSOS; V. Anna D.,
and VI. Elizabeth, twins, the latter died in
infancy; VII. Hai-per, died in infancy. .Mr.
Ayai-s'and family are membei-s of the Dela-
ware Avenue Baptist cluireh, of Wilmington.
]\Ir. Ayars is superintendent of the Sunday-
school and president of the New Castle Coun-
ty Sunday-School Association, of Delaware.

GEOPGE P0M:MEL, Wilmington, Del.,
son of the late Gustav\is and Minnie (Ilerbst)
Pommel, was born in Dayton, Ohio, Mav
28, 1S.")1.

Both of ^Ir. Pommel's parents were of
German descent. His paternal great grand-
father, Wilhelm Pommel, served for more

than half a century in the army of the Grand
Duke of Sa.xc- Weimar. For about thirty
years lie enjoyed the rank of Feldherr, or
general, and when past the age of active ser-
vice, received the ai)pointment of jjaymaster
of the army. Hut this was not the only recog-
nition of the brave and worthy general's long
services, for on the fiftieth anniversarv of his
enrollment in the army, he was presented
by the Grand Duke with a silver goblet full
of gold coins. The cup is now in the posses-
sion of Charles Pommel, youngest sou of
Gustavus ]^)nnnel. General Pommel passed
his life in his native land, dying there at the
age of .seventy-four years. His long and hon-
orable military career commenced in his early
boyhood.

George Pommel, son of General Pommel,
was also a native and a lifelong resident of
Weimar, Saxony. His ]mblic services,
though less brilliant, were ])erhaps nut less
valuable than those of his father, he being a
Ealhsherr, or member of the council of the
city; but they were cut short while he was
still in the prime and vigor of manhood, at
fifty years of age, by the fall of a fire engine
upon him, which caused his death. Besides
three daughtei-s, Avhose names are not kno\\^l,
(ieorge Pommel liad two sons: I. Angustus,
a jeweler, who was in business for about
twenty years in New York City, Avhere he
died; and II. Gustavus, father of George
Ponmiel, 2.

(Justav, or Gustavus, Pommel, was bom in
Weimar, Saxony, Jau\iary 28, 1817. He was
educated in that city, and became a locksmith
and whitesmith. At the age of seventeen, ac-
cording to national regulations, Gustavus
Poninud was examined for service in the
army, but on account of a slight irregularity
in his gait, was rejected by the exanuners.
This decision i)leased the youth well, for he
had already formed a strong desire to become
a citizen of this western republic. In 1835,
therefore, he emigrated, and spent the first
live years of his life in .Vmerica in various
cities, where he worked at his trade, and in
the manufacture of surgical instruments.
About ten years after coming to the I'^nited
States the diligent and thrifty young artisan
was able to return on a visit of nearly a year's
length to his native land, during wliich time
he was married. Coming with his bride again
to America, they first resided for two years

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STATE OF DELA\yAHE

203

in luiuliiig, Pa., and then removed to Uuy-
ii n, Ohio, where ^Ir. Koniniel \v;is master
iiRcliaiiic <if the machine sliup of Thompson
iV Sciii>. ihe rest of his life was passed in
1 leading, where during most of tliose years
lie was employed as maehiidst hy the I'hila-
del|)!iia and Heading Railroad. His wift', to
wlidiii he was married in ^\'einlar in lW4(i,
iliiii at the ago of fifty, in Reading, .Mareli '1 1,
isT."). .\ir. Rommel siirvivt'd her for almost
ten years, and Tiled February 1, ISs.'). IJoth
wi're ititrrred in Reading. All hut one ct'
their ti\c children survived them. 'The t;im
ily is as follows: 1. J-ily, horn in Reading, I'a.,
I'ehriiary IC, 1847, died at the age of sixteen
years; II. William, of Dayton, Ohio, horn
dune L'^, 1S48; 111. George; IV. Louisa
(Mrs. Henry B. Derr), born in Reading, .May
.'ill, ISf)."!, has three children, i. Charles, ii.
Howard, iii. Lily, V. Charles, born in Read-
ing, April 1, 1857.

At the age of seventeen, after receiving a
good education in the common schools of the
city of Reading, (ieorge Ronmicl began an
a])prenticcshii) of three yeare in the machine
shoi)s of the ]-]ast Pennsylvania Railroad. At
the expiration of that time he went to Terre
Haute, Ind., where for about two years he
worked for the Vandalia Railroad Company.
He then retin-ned to Reading and engaged in
mercantile business, but this enterjirise being
unpros]>erons, went again to Terre Haute,
and remainetl there until Xovember, l87->.
From that time until Jantiary C, 1874, he was
once more a resident of Reading. He then
entered the employ of the Wiluungton and
Reading, now Wilmington and Xorthern,
Railroad, at Coatesville, Pa.;. his services to
this road have been efReient and well ajipre-
I'iated. He has been in the employ of the
company for twenty-four years, and sin.-e
April, 1875, lias been master mechanic, tilh
ing the position ably and satisfactorily. .Mr.
Rommel is a member of the following fratei'-
nities: Lafayette Lodge, Xo. 11, F. and .\.
-M., Wilmington; Star of Hope Lo(l<ie, .\o.
1:M», T. O. O. F., Coatesville, Pa.; and Onon-
daiio Tribe, Xo. 8.3, L O. R. :^L, Coatesville,
I'a. lie is a staunch Re])ublican. In .luiie,
ls|i7, he was elected to the board of educa-
tion from the Twelfth ward of Wilmington.

(Ieorge Rommel was married in Reading,
Pa., .May 28, 1874, to Flizabeth A., daughter
of Thonni> T. and Aninc (^filan) Sand-.

Their children are: 1. George S. ; IL
Charles T.; IlL William (i. Air. and .Mrs.
Jiommel and their two cdder sons are faithful
and active members of Olivet i'resllyterian
churidi. Mr. Ronjinel is an elder of the
church and its treasurer, ln'sides teaching in
its Sabbath-school. (ieorge S. and (^'harlcs
']'. Rommel are respectively librarian and as-
sistant librarian of the school, and are al-o
meud)ers of the church choir.

(ieorge S. Rommel, eldest son of George
Rommel, graduated from the high school of
Wilmington at the age of sixteen, i-eceiving
the prize oti'ered by the Wihnington Morning
News for snjterior etiiciency in the studies
forming the high school eiirricidum. ,Vfter
his graduation he entered the; si'rvice of the
Wilmington Street and Sewer Department
as rodman, and i)erfornied the duties of that
position intelligently and faithftdly for two
yetirs. He then entered the sophomore class
in civil engineering of the University of Penn-
sylvania, and took the full four years' course.
Peing honorably graduated, he was appointed
instructor in civil engineering in the same in-
stitution, and still acts in that capacity, re-
tlecting credit upon the University, and en-
joying the ajjprobatiiin of the senior members
of its Faculty.

PATRICK MiLOKGHLIX, 40G West
Fourth street, Wihnington, Del., son of Pat-
rick and Hilary (.MacK'iidey ) .>rcLonghlin,
was born in (Jountv Antrim, Ireland, June 8,
1822.

His paternal and materinil ancestors were
Scotidi. They settled in Ireland at an early
date, having been driven with many others
ti-oui their native land by religious pereeeu-
tioii. Rut little is known of their history.
J'atrit'k .McLoughlin, Sr., was born in County
Antrim and spent his life there. He was
twice married, and by the two marriages had
twenty one children, most of whom died in
early life. One of these children of his tii-st
wife, Fliza, is living. His second wife wai
Mary .M(d\inley. They had live children:
I. William, deceased; II. John, residing in
Irelaiul, on the homestead; 111. .Martha, de-
ceased; IV. Patrick, Jr.

Patiick ^rcLonghlin, Jr., received his edu-
cation in Ii'eland and was engaged there in
agricidtural pursuit.s until 1843. In that
year, when he had arrived at manhood's cs-

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204

BIOGEAPHIGAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tate, he came to America and settled in Xew
York City, lie learned gas tittiiig and fol-
lowed that trade for eiglit years. In 1S51 he
moved to \\'iimington and entered tiie ciii-
l)ioy of tlie Wilmington Coal Gas Comjiany,
with which corporation he has, until recently
been connected in various capacities. He is
now retired. He is au adherent of the Ke-
publicau party. Patrick ^IcLoughlin, Jr.,
was married in November, 1S4S, in Kew
York City, to ]\Iary Jane, daugiiter of John
and Mary Hogg, natives of (Jounty Down,
Ireland, ilrs. JMcLoughlin was born in Dun-
dee, County Do\vii, Ireland. Mr. and Mrs.
ilcLoughliu have children: I. -Mary; II.
John; III. Kobert, deceased. The family
attend Olivet Presl^'teriau church. .Mi's,
ilary Jane ilcLoughlin died in Wilmington,
April i'4, 1855.

^Ir. ]\lcLoughlin, in 1881, revisited his na-
tive country and sj)ent a few months with his
relatives and friends, returning to his adopted
home with pleasant recollections of the kind-
ness of the kinsmen, who entertained him
amid the scenes of his youth.

CHARLES TAYLOR, Wilmington, Del.,
son of Edward and Elizabeth (McHride) Tay-
lor, w;is born in Upland, Delaware countv,
Pa., May 22, 1860.

His ancestors were English on his father's
side, and Irish on his mother's. His father,
Edward Taylor, came to America as a young
man and settled in Pennsylvania. He was a
weaver, and worked at his trade in Delaware
coimty for many years, then rcmove<l to
Wasliington, D. C, and was employed in the
government printing office. He died there
about 1891. His widow still resides in Wiish-
iugton. EdwiU-d Taylor had children: I.
George, died in Kansas City, Mo., at the age
of twentv-two; II. Annie (ilrs. Harry Tay-
lor), of Washington, D. C; III. Sarah (:\Irs.
George Bailey), of Washington; lY. Charles;
V. Edward, of Nebraska.

Charles Taylor acquired his education in
the pnljlic schools of Delaware county, Pa.,
and afterward learned weaNTng. He went iut<)
the factory at the age of eleven, and contin-
ued there until he was twenty-five. In 1885
he established himself in the hosiery business
inGermautown,Pa.,havingas partners, Henry
H. Hawthorne, Thomas West and Ambrose
West. About 1890 the Messrs. West \vith-

drew from tlie firm and since that time the
business has been conducted by the two re-
nuiining partnei-s. In 1S'J2 they removed
their ]ilant to Wilnnngloii and greatly en-
larged it. Their null.-, are known as the Stand-
ard .Mills, and manufacture all descriiitions
of hosiery. Two hundred pei-sons are em-
ployed and their output finds ready markets,
chiefly in the United States. The hrm name
is Taylor &. Hawthorne. ^Mr. Taylor is the
jiresident. ^Mr. Taylor is a Republican, and a
member of Lafayette Lodge, No. 11, V. and

A. :\L

Charles Taylor was married in Philadelphia
Septendjer i;5, 18S2, to .Mary T., daughter of
John and Louisa .Moore, of Ohoter, Pa.
Th(>y have one child, IJhia, liurn July 1,
1884. They attend the .Methodist Churc'ii.

SANFORD F. SAWIN, Wilmington,
Del., son of Aaron S. and Louisa (llolsizer)
Sawin, was born in Phillipsburg, N. J., Jan-
uary 2G, 1855.

His paternal ancestors were English, his
maternal German. His paternal grandfather
was a blacksmith and a resident of (Grange,
Mass. His children were: I. ilarshall, de-
ceased; II. Frank; III. .\aron S., deceased;
IV. Charies; V. Phebe. Mr. Sawin died in
Orange, [Mass.

Aaron S. Sawin was born February 28,
1829. He learned stone cutting when a young
man and followed that occupation for many
years. lie resided in New Jersey during jjart
of his life, and s])ent his last years in ^^'il-
inington, Del. He niamed Louisa llolsizer,
and had several children, .\aron S. Sawin
died in AVilmington November 27, 1SG2. His
widow still resides in tliat city.

Sanford F. Sa\vin was but six yeai-s old
when his parents removed to Wilmington.
He was educated in the public schools and af-
terward entered the car-building shops of the
Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore
Railroad Company. He acquired a thorough
knowledge of his trade and worked in the
shops for a number of years. In Jidy, 1890,
he was promoted to foreman of laborers in the
lumber yard and at the same time became
lumber insjiector. On January 1, 1892, he
was made foreman of the lumber mill, a po-
sition which lie still holds. Air. Sawin is a
member of Industry Lodge, No. 2, A. O. U.
W., of Wilmington. He is a Republican.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

207

On June 2, 1882, in Wihainglon, Sant'onl
Y. Sawin was inamed to Sarah A., datigliter
<)( (liur^t' and Isabella (Covey) Jlinin', ut'
Wilniiii^ic 11. Their children are: I. Frank
11.; il. Leonard, deceased; III. Nellie; IV.
Lcroy; V. George. Mr. Sawin and fanuly at-
tend the Protestant Episcopal Church.

DAVID r. CUKLETT, Wilmington,
Pel., son of Lewis and Elizabeth (i'orter)
Curlett, was born in Xew Castle, Del., De-
cember 2i;, 1S2L

His pateriml ancestors were Welsh; the ma-
ternal, Scotch. His father was a native i.if
Xew Castle and spent his life in tiiat city as a
jdastorer and contractor. He was a busy and
highly respected citizen, lie nmrried I'^liza-
betli Porter, and had children: 1. Janu's, do-
ceased; 11. Lewis, (leceased; TIT. Margaret,
deceased; IV. Eliza, deceased; V. .Matilda
(.Mrs. Sannud Pilcv) widow; VF. :\Iarv, de-
ceased; VTT. David P. Mr. Curlett died in
Wilmington in 18:59.

Da\id P. Curlett was a student in the old
aeiidemy in Xew Castle, Del. When he was
sixteen years old he was sent to Camden, X.
.L, ti) learn blacksmithing. Tie spent si.\ years
acquiring this trade but could not, in the same
time, develop a liking for it, and he tlierefore
relimiuished it and turned his attention to
plastering, the business which his father had
so successfully followed. To this he soon ad-
ded contracting, and he has erected many
buildings in ^Wilmington and elsewhere. Xot-
withstiinding his many years of business life,
he is still vigorous and I'ctains the manage-
ment of his affairs in his own hands. lie is
happy in the respect of all who know him so-
cially, and in the confidence of those with
whom he has business dealings, ilr. Chirlett
is a member of Washington Lodge, Knights
of Pythias, and of Oriental Lodge, X"o. 27,
Free and Accepted j\rasons. He is independ-
ent in politics and believes merit in an aspir-
ant for fiftlce to be of greater moment than his
political affiliations.

On February 21, 1844, T)avid P. Ciudett
married Jane, daughter of Owen and T'.liza-
beth Zebley, of Wilmington. They had
■■iiildren: I. Elizahcth (^Irs Fred. AV. Tay-
lor, of WilnnTigton,V, IT. Samuel, of Wil-
mingtnn, married L'liza ]\Iicklen; TTT. Lewi-,
of T'lvviiod, married Laura Hunter; IV. Anna
]\rary (Airs. Coldwell), of AVilmington; V.

12

and \'l. Matilda and Kmnia, twins, the former
is (J\Irs. Thomas Denny), of Cape Charles,
\'a. ; the latter is dcjeased; \'T1. David, and
Vlll. Frank (twins), born February I'J,
18oo; the former resides in Wilmington,
is an upholsterer and cabinet-maker, nuir-
ried May 12, 1880, to Laura, daughter of
.lohn and .Margaret ilahoney, of WilmingtuOj
and had children: i. Elsie; ii. John; the latter,
Frank, is deceased; IX. (Jeorge, of near !Mal-
vern, l^a., marrieil Tllizabeth Speakman; X.
ilargaret; XL Henry; XIl. Jane, an,l XIII.
I'Tia (twins), died in infancy. Poth ^Ir. and
]\lrs. Curlett still enjoy good health. ,

XEAL COXLEY, Wilmington, Del., sou
of the late James and Elizabeth (Moore) Con-
ley, was born in ('hristiana hundred, Xew
Castle county, Del., August 27, 1845.

His paternal ancestors came from Ireland;
his maternal ancestry, so far as traced, is
American. His ])aternal grandfather died in
Ireland; his grandmother, Susan Conley, emi-
grated to America with her sons James and
Xeal and daughter- Jane about 1838, ami set-
tled in X'^ew Castle county, Del. !Mrs. Conley
died at Pi.-ing Sun, Xew Castle county, at the
ad\anee(l age of one hundred and eight years.
She was buried in the Old Swede?" Church
cemetery.

James Conley, deceased, was born in
County Antrim, Trcdand. His home here was
in Christiana hundred. New Castle county.
He was a stone mason, and was for forty years
in the employ of the DuPout Powder Com-
])any. lie was twice i^irried. Ily his first

nnirriage to Elizabeth, daughter (pf

]Moorc, he had two sons: I. John, of Chris-
tiana hundred; II. Neal. V>\ the second
iniion, with Jane Wier, he had four children,
of whom three survive: I. Susan; II. James;
111. ifary.

Neal (^onley spent his life, prior to 1888,
in Christiana hundred. He was educated in
the public schools and afterward learned
stone-nuisonry. He was employed for many
years by the DuPont Powder ('ompany. In
1S8S he came to \Vilnnngton and in connec-
tion with his brother John formed the lirni
of Conley Eros., dc\ders in coal, wood, lime
and cement. The firm docs, also, all kinds of
heavy hauling. Neal Conley is a lle])ubliean.

Neal Conley was married in Christ's church
])ars()nage, Christiana liundred, to Hannah
l\r., daughter of ( 'liristoplier and Sarah Eos-

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208

BIOGRA PIIWAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

scrt. Their cliildron are: I. James; II.
Sarah; III. Abraham; IV. Jolm. One cliikl
dird ill iufaue}'. A daughter, Laura, aged
six yeai-s, was aeeidentaliy burned ti^ death
in tiie yard of the sehool she attended. ]Mr.
C'onley attends lue Keformed Episcopal
C'hureh, in wliicli lie is vestryman, lie is
-also superintendent of the Sunday-school.

JOHN McLOUGIlLlN, Xo. 802 Jackson
street, Wilmington, New Castle county, Del.,
only living son of Patrick and .Mary Jane
(lliigg) _Mi-Loughlin, was burn in Wilming-
ton, i)el., September iiS, 1S51.

John McLoughlin was educated in tlie pub-
lic schools of Wiimiiigton, Deb, and after
conij)leting his scholastic course was appren-
ticed to Gawtiirop Jirotliers, plumbei's and
gas titters. After serving his ap[)reuticesliip,
ilr. .Mcl.oughlin • remained with thi' tirm,
Working as a journeynian, until April, isTT,
wiu'U he obtained the position wliicii he now
holds in the service of the Wilmington lias
( Vimjiany. Mr. ^McLoughlin is a skilful work-
man, highly esteemed by bis employers and by
his fellow-citizens. He is a member of the
Jvcpublican party, actively interested in local
alfaii-s.

John ^rcLoughliu was married in Wil-
mington, Del., January 20, ISM, to .Mary
Jane, daughter of Sidney ami ^lercy Hud-
son. Their children are: T. Alay Jane; 11.
William John; III. Myrtle Rodinia; IV. Kob-
ert Sidney, died in infancy. .Mrs. ^fcLougli-
lin died at her home in Wilmington June 4,
ISSl), at the age of twenty-eight years, and
her remains are inten-ed in the Wilmington
and Brandywine Cemetery.

C0L^•:.^rAX b. Harris, Wilmington,

son of Bowen C. and Sarah .\. (Mclntyre)
Harris, was born at Warren Tavern, Cluster
county. Pa., :\rarcli 29, ISGO.

His paternal ancestoi-s were natives of Png-
land. Three brothei-s of the Harris family
came to America early in the eighteenth cen-
tury and settled in Pennsylvania, 'i'iie great-
great-grandfather f>f Coleman B. Harris was
a colonel of Continental troops in the Kevolu-
tioniii-y War and parliei])ated in many battles
during that momentous struggle, 'i'he grand-
father of ^fr. Harris was a native of T'liester
county. Pa., and spent his entire life there.

I'owen Harns ^^■as born and ednrated in

Chester county, and resided all his life there,
engaged in farming. He married Sarah X.,
daughter of .lames -Mclntyre; they had one
child, C(jlemau 1!. .Mr. Harris died Decem-
ber 22, 1S71. His widow resides in ('liester
county.

('(demaii H. Harris attended Lock's select
schocil in .Xorristown, Pa., and was afterward
gTaduate<l from the West Chester Xoi'iuil
Sciiool at West Chester, Pa. After comi)let-
ing his education lie went to Downingtown,
l*a., and learned jiattern-making in tlie shojis
of the Dcjwningtown .Manufat'turing Com-
pany. He then removed to Wilmington, and
since 1SU2 has been manager of the Delaware
.Machine Works. He is unmarried, lie i? a
member of Lafayette Lodge, Xo. 14, \. V.
and A. M.; Delta Chapter, Xo. (i, P. A. ('.,
and St. John's Conimandery, Xo. 1, K. T.
He is also a menil)er of .\. \. O. X. .M. S., Lu
l^u Teni])le, Philadelphia, and of the i'hila-
delphia Consistory, .V. X. S. R., Thirty-second
degree. He has independent views in poli-
tics, and i> not connected with any party. He
attends the Protestant Kjjiscopal Church.

Cll.VRi.KS K. lI.\riL\WAY, Wilming-
ti-in, Del., son of Edgar and .Marietta (Elton)
Hathaway, was born in ( 'anandaigua, .\. Y.,
January "i;3, 18r)2.

His parents were both natives of ('anan-
daigua. His father is dece;ised; bis mother
still resides in .Mareellus, X. Y.

Charles V.. liatlun\-ay went to the jiublic
schools, and aflerwaril worked on the farm
until he was twenty-tive yeai-s oi aue. Then
he left home, and for Mime years was employed
in a sash and door factory in Wellsboro, Pa.,
the latter jiart of the time as foreman. From
Pennsylvania he crosseil the line liaek into
Xew York, ami worked at his trade for a year
in Elniira, after which he n-turned to the
farm. I'or two yeai-s lie renniined in Ontario
county, X. Y., and in LS1»2 came to Wilming-
ton. In 1S04 he became the senior member
(■f the tirm (jf Hathaway A: \ \\n tieldei-, jiro-
prictius of the Delaware Hendiuij: Works, of
Wilmington, and has c ontiniu'd in the busi-
ness to the pi'csent. .Mr. Hathawav is a Re-
jiubliean (d' independent ])roclivities.

Charles E. Hathawav was married in Law-
renccville. Pa., to Belie, daughter of .Mfred
and Marv -lane (Dean) Van (ielder. Their
.•hildrcnarc: T.J. Willi>: U. M. Mvrtis: III.

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STsiTE OF DELAWARE

209

Inez v.; IV. Mun-ay; V. K Emereon; VI.
Ciraee F. ^h. Hathaway and family attend
the ]\Iethodist C'hureh.

SA:\IUEL BLEE lewis, Wihainf,'ton,
Del., son of George -B. and Sarah F. (Illee)
Lewis, was born in riiiladelpliia April lii',

] I is grandfather, ( ioorgc Lewis, was the fir.-t
of the family to find a lionie in America, lie
eanie from (icrmany and settled in Pliiladel-
[ihia, where he eontinned to reside until his
death. He married .Miss Somniers; they had
children: L .la.'oh; 1 [. (ieurge B.: 111.
Sophia; 1\'. .Mary; V. William, the only one
now living.

(icorge P>. Lewis, father of Samuel Llee
Lewis, was born in Philadelphia in 181S. In
1S4'J he came to AVilmington, where he en-
gaged in the nuinufacture of bricks. He mar-
ried Sarah S., daughter of Samuel and Alii-
gail Llee, and had children: I. Samiud
Lice; II. Jacob S., member of Company 1,
One Hundred and Kighty-third regiment,
Pennsylvania Infantry, who was taken ]iris-
oner at Cold Harbor June 3, 18G4r, confined
in Andersonville prison and died there of star-
vation; 111. William J., of AVilmington, mar-
ricnl ^lary ^IcXamce, who is deceased; IV.
(ieorge L., grocer, of Wilmington, married
Theresa 1 hillock; V. ifary (Mi-s Henry
(iiiest), of Portland, Ore.; VI. Francis, of
AVilnnngton, married ]\Lary Jenning-s; VI I.
John A., of Wilmington, married Sarah Zanes,
who is deceased; VTII. Kate P., deceased,
(ieorge 15. Lewis died in LSS8; his -wife died
l)eccnd)cr •_'(), IS'Xi.

Sanniel IJlec Lewis has been a resident of
AVilmington since he was six years old. He
was educated in the piddie schools of the city
and learned brickmaking under Samuel AIc-
Cauley; !^Lly 7, 1861, he enlisted in Company
F, First regiment, Delaware Voluntxi'er In-
fantry, and served in this regiment until Au-
gust of the same year. His name appears in
the army records as Sanmel Lewis, as he
onutted giving his middle name in both en-
listments. On Augn.st 22, 1802, he re-enli-t-
ed in Company D, Fourth Delaware A'^olnn-
teers, and was with that regiment until the
end of the war. IMi-. T>ewis ])arlicii)ated in the
following cngagement.s: Pethesda Church,
Cold Harbor, 15ottom's Bridge, Petersburg,
AVeldon Ivailroad, Jerusalem Plank Poad,

Peebles' Farm, lioanta Creek, Dobney's
-Mills, Gravel Pun, Five Forks and Appomat-
tox. He was mustered out at Arlington
Heights June o and jjaid June 7, iStif),
at \\'ilmingk)n, and imme<liatcly resumed
work at his trade. Since 1S0(J he has been in
the employ of the Delaware Terra Cotia Com-
pany and since ISOt) has been nninagcr of its
I'lant, a position he has filled most elHciently.
-Mr. Lewis is a member of ( ieneral Smith Post,
Xo. 1, G. A. P., of Wilmington. He is a
past couimandcr of the l'o.-,t ajid past com-
mander of the Department of Delaware, of
which he was commander in IS'JO and Ifi'Jl.
His political atiiliatious arc with the Itepubli-
can party.

Samuel Blee Lewis was married in Wil-
mington X(jvend)cr 21, 1S07, to Pachel,
daughter of Thomas and Susan Glasgow.
-Mrs. Lewis was born in Wilmington, April
1 it, 1S4G. Their chihlren are: I. Emily Ayres,
born August 22, 18158, died March 3, ISS-t;
IL Sarah Stine, born Xovember 8, 1870, died
-May 19, 18'J4; IlL George W., born July 20,
1873; lA". Kate, born October 21, 1875, died
January 19, 1870; V. -Mary, born October
17, 1877, died August 29, 1879; VI. Xellie
B.,^born October 23, 1S78, died August 27,
1879; VII. Florence, born October 8, 1880;
A'llL Samuel 1!., (2), born April 22, 1882,
dietl July 17, 1S82; IX. Susan, born January
1, 1888, died X'ovember 24, 1891. Mr. Lewi's
and family attend the Afethodist Church.

JOHX C. BKLSOX, 2, Wilmington, Del.,
son of John C. and Alargaret (Bowen) Brisou,
was born in Wilmington, Del., Alay 9, 1849.
As a youth he attended the pidilic .schools
of AVilmington and then began an apprentice-
ship as a phnnber in Philadel])hia. Before
completing his trade he returned to AVilming-
ton and here acquired the remaining knowl-
edge and experience necessary to qualify him
as a master plumber. He has been engaged
at his trade here since that time. In 1881 he
established himself in business on his own ac-
count and in 1891 a.ssisted in the formation
of the Brison Plumbing and Heating Com-
pany, of which ho is secretary and treasurer.
Thomas B. Brison, also a native of AVilming-
ton, is president of the company. John (,'.
Hrjson is a member of AVilmington Lodge X"o
1, A. O. U. AV.; Fairfax Lodge, X^o. 8, I. o!

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210

BIOGEA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

O. F. ; Lafayette Lodge, No. 2, K. of V., and
Wilmington Conclave, No. 22, I. O. H. lie
attends tlie ^Methodist Cluireli.

CHAKLES HAY WARD, Wiluiiugton,
Del., son of Joseph and Sarah (Woodrow)
llayward, was bom in Boston, ]\rass., January
U, ilS-14.

J lis iiatenial ancestors were English; his
maternal, Scotch. Ilis j^arents were the first
of the family to come to the United States.
Thomas Ilayward, grandfather of Charles
Hayward, was born in Barnett, near London,
England, and spent all his davs in his native
land. lie had children: L AVilliam; II. ,Io-
sej)h; III. ilaria (JIi-s. James Dubson), of
London, England; ilr. Dobson is an employee
in the London jiostoffice.

Joseph Ilayward arrived in America in De-
cember, lS4o, selected Boston as his home and
never removed from that city. He nian-ied,
in England, Sarah AVoodrow; their children
were: I. Sarah, deceased, wife of John Hall,
United States Navy; 11. Charles Joseph Hay-
ward, died in December, 18(11 ; his widow died
in November, 1SS5. Their remains were
buried in Forrest Hills Cemetery, r)oston.

Charles Ilayward passed liis early years in
the public schools of Boston, and after finisli-
ing the coui-se there was engaged \v'ith his
father in tlie express business, iintil the spring
of ISCl. Then President Lincoln's call to
arms came, and although but seventeen years
old, ilr. Ilayward nunle prompt response and
enlisted for three montlis' service in Company
I, Twelfth regiment, ila-ssachusetts Volun-
teers. Upon the expiration of this period he
i-e-enlisted in (Jompany I, First regiment
Massachusetts Volunteers, and served in this
regiment \mtil 1802, when he was discharged.
He i-etnrncd to his home, and a few weeks
later enlisted in the United States Navy. He
was assigned to the sliip Gemshol- and did
duty on the water for one year. He went back
to Boston but the war was not yet ended, and
he could not remain inactive while so many
other l)rave men were at the front. He ac-
cordingly enlisted in the Second ^rassaclm-
se'ts Cavalry, and Wiis with this regiment until
February 22, 180 4, when he was taken pris-
oner at Drainsvillc, Va. For thirteen months
thereafter he was confined in the Pemberton
building at Andersonville, at SavanTiah and at
^lellon. At the expiration of this time he was

exchanged and discharged at Annapolis, Md.
^Ir. Ilayward immediately returned to
Boston, where he resided until 1884. He af-
tei-wartl lived in Baltimore for one year, in
Philadelphia two years, and in Wilmington,
L)el., ten years. During the greater |)art of
this time he was engaged in the insurance
business. On Janiuuy 28, 18Du, he was ap-
pointed to his jjresent position, that of secre-
tary and treasurer of the Delaware Benehcial
Association. .Mr. Ilayward is a member of
various secret organizations; of Delaware
Conclave, No. 43U, 1. O. II.; Soongataha
Tribe, No. 21, I. 0. If. M.; is a grand trustee
of .Moriel Encampment, Knights of St. Joiin
and JLiIta, and an E.xcellent Senator of Wil-
mington Senate, No. 102, Knights of Essenic
Order; he is alsO prominent in Alasonic circles.
He is a Pe]iublican in his political views.

Charles Hayward nian-ied in "Wilmington,
February 27, 1891, Ella, daughter of James
and Julia A. "Workman. They have children:
I. Charles, born in February, 1894; 11. Nel-
lie, born in September, 1895. [Mr. Hayward
attends the Union Metliodist church.

GEOKC.E W. P.UtVIN, Wilmington,
Del, son of George and iLirgaret A. (Staley)
Par\-in, was born in Plymmith township,
^Montgomery county, Pa., February 14, l.S."i9.
Ilis parents are still living and are rc^idnits
of Philadelphia.

George "W. Parvin attended the public
schools of Plymouth to\\^lship and there
learned carpentry. After completing hi^ a[)-
prcnticet-hip, he worked as a journeyman fur
a few years and then devoted three years to
the trade of machinist with B. F. Shaw, of
Piiiladelphia. In 1SS2 he removed to "Wil-
mington, and in March, 1890, established
himself in business as a carpenter and builder.
He is a member of Eureka Lodge, No. 23, A.
F. and A. .M. In his political views he is in-
dependent.

George "W. Parvin was twice married. On
July 15, 1SS5, in "Wilmington, he was mar-
ried to Anna, daughter of Thomas J. and
Mary J. (Douch) Ilihlebrand. ifr. Hildebrand
is a resident of AVilmington; his wife is dead.
^h: and Tilrs. Parvin had two children, who
died in infancy. ^Irs. Parvin died Scptcnd)cr
29, 1S9."..

]\rr. Parvin married again, September 15,
1897, in Philadelphia. His bride was ^far-

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STATE 0I< DELAWAHH

211

garet, (laughter of "William and Annie
(Lyons) 'I'ownsend, and widow of J-awrom-e
ilulson. -Mr. and -Mi's. Parvin attend the
.A[. K. Church.

J!y her lirst husband Mrs Parviu had these
children (surname -Melson): 1. Frank; IF.
Earl; III. Ilenrv, deceased; IV. Lawrence,
deceased/-

ALEXANDEK SMITH WARD, Wil-
mington, Del., son of William AV. and Eleanor
(Torrence) Ward, was born at, Lazaretto, Del-
aware county, Pa., March 4, 1850.

His grandfather was AVilliam Ward, a na-
tive of Pennsylvania and a farmer, wdiose chil-
dren were: I. Joseph; II. Abraham; II L
Elizabeth; IV. AVilliam AV.

AVilliam W. AVard was born in Delaware
county. Pa., in 1S07. He was engaged in
farming there for more than thirty yeai-s and
then removed to Philadelphia, where he ^v■as
emj)loyed as gateman by the I'hiladelnhia,
AVilunngton and Baltimore Railroad Com-
pany. He married Eleanor Torrence; their
children are: T. Jane (Mrs. Charles Cravatt),
of Philadelphia; II. Jolm T., engaged in the
nallinery business in Chicago, 111.; LIT. Abra-
ham, night foreman of the Philadeljjhia, AVil-
mington and Paltimore Railroad roiinddiouso
in Philailelphia; IV. Samuel, died at the age
of twenty-nine; A''. AVilliam IL, engineer of
Public Ledger building, Philadelphia; A"L
Annie E. (Ihs. Robert Rlack), of Philadel-
phia, wi.luw; A^IL :\rary I). (Mrs James D.
luigers), (if Philadel])hia, widow; VIIL Elea-
nor T., died at the age of twenty; IX. Alexan-
der Snnth; X. Emma (Afrs Robert To|)pin),
of Philadelphia. ]\lr. AVard died in Philadel-
phia in ISSl, aged seventy-four years; ^Irs.
AVard died in 1874, aged sixty yeai-s.

Alexander Smith AVard attended the piddic
schools of Lazaretto, and from his thirteenth
to his twenty-first year was employed on his
father's farm. On May 29, 1870, he secured
a jiosition as fireman on the Iiuladel])lua,
AVilnnngton and Paltimore Railroad, and on
Septendier 15, 1877, was promoted to en-
gineer. I'or several yeare lie has had charge
of one of the locomotives which haul the
New York and Wilmington express from
Philadelphia to Washington. ]\Ir. AVard is a
member of Division 342, Brotherhood of I-o-
comotive Engineers, the Pennsylvania Rail-

road Relief Association and Provident Coun-
cil, Xo. 105, Legion of Honor.

On July 13, 1870, Alexander Smith AVard
was married to Ella E., daughter ol' William
V. and J'di/.abelh Ci. (Leibert) Warnick, born
in I'ennsylvania, August !), 1852. Their chil-
dren are: I. I'^leanor M., born November 7,
1877, died April 5, 1885; II. Lillian W., born
April 5, 1878, died April 20, 1881; III. How-
ard M., born August 0, 1881; IV. AVarren
A., born June 29, 188(5; V. Oscar T., born
Xovember 7, 18iJ0; AM. Helen IL, inru
March 7, 1894. JVlrs. AVard is a mendier of
the Presbyterian Church. They reside at X'o.
7 14 ]Cirk\V(Jod street, AVilmington.

WILLLVM BRADFORD WATERAIAN,
A\'ilinington, Del., son of Orrin and Lydia
(Howard) AVaterman, was born in Wintlirop,
Kennebec county. Me., December 17, 184',).

'I'he grandfather of AVilliam Bradford Wa-
terman was John AVaterman of ^NLiine, wdio
had these children: I. John, 2; II. Cordelia;
HI. Orrin.

Orrin AVatenuan was born in i\Iaine and
was a machinist. He married I^ydia, daughter
of Nathan and Lydia Howard, a native of
l^^aine. 'i'heir children were: I. (Jeorge O.,
assistant comptroller for the Central Railroad
of New Jersey, in New York; II.
Charles IL, assistant storekeeper for the Cen-
tral Railroad of New Jersey, at Elizabeth, N.
J.; 111. William B.; I\^ Lydia I. (.Mrs Theo-
dore 1). Durliug), of Pennington, N. J.; A^
Benjamin F., died in 1802, aged eight years.
Air. W^itermau died in Trenton, N. J., in
] ^73, aged tifty-eight yeai-s; his widow resides
with her daughter, ^frs. Durling, iii Penning-
ton, N. J.

AVilliam Bradford AVaterman received his
early education in Trenton, N. J., his parents
having removed to tliat city when he was
seven years old. When he reached his six-
teenth year, he was employed under hij
father, in charge of a stationary engine.
Three years later he secured a i)lace on the en-
gineer corps of the N"ew Jersey S^-tlK^'S
Railroad as rodman. Ten months after^t."*^
he was given a position as fireman on the same
road. In 1870, he came to AVilmington and
began his eoniieetion with the Philadelphia,
AVilmington and Baltimore Railroad. For
iive years he did his duty as a fireman, "-id was
then ]inimote(l to eniiiueer. He i, low "Miid-

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212

BIOGRA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

iiig over the rails one of tlie great locomotives
tliat haul the Xew York ami Washington ex-
press between PhiladelphLi and \\'ashington.
Mr. W aterman resides at Xo. 1113 AVcst
Jughth street, Wilmington. He is a member
ot J)insion M2, Brotherhood of Loeom.nive
Kn^inee.^; Eureka ].odge, Xo. 23, F. and A.
M.; of Delta Chapter, No. G, U. A. M • of
iemple Council, Xo. 34, Legion of the Ked
Cross, and the P. P. Jl. Kelief Assoeiation.

On April 13, 1872, William Rra.lfurd AVa-
terinan was mamod to Sarah A., daughter of
Joseph K- and Sarah A. Weatherbv, bun. in
Cover, Del, November 1, 1853. Their ehii-
Jren are: I. (Jeorge O. (2), a traveling auditor
for the Central Ifailroad of Xew Je.-sev, at
^ow ^ ork Cty; H. Anna B., at home. 'Mr.
\\atennan an.l children are members of the
1 resbvtenan Church.

FRANK F sI^AfB, Wilmington,
1 el., son of Edwin P. and AVilhelmina (T,.dd)
Slocomb, was born in Wilmington, August 13,

His paternal ancestors, who euiigrafd
from Somersetshire, England, have resided in
Jla.ssachusett,s since 1038. His mother was
descended from Scotch-Irish stot-k who settled
Hi Plnladelphia She was gTaduated at the
i liiladelphia Girls' Normal S.^hool, and was
foraimniber of years principal of public
school i^o. 15 in Wilmington. His father
was born near Sutton, Mass. He was an artist
of much ability and had studios at different
times in :\rassachusetts, in Charleston S C
Baltimore, Md.,_ Wilmington, and New York
CHy. He died in the last named citv on De-
cember 31, 1865.

Frank F. Slocomb has been a resident of
Wilmington continuously since 187-^ He

graduated from the high school in the class
of < 0. 1 or a nundier of years after his grad-
uation he was engaged as an accountant. On
Demnber 1, 1893, he formed the firn. of F.
J^. Slocomb & Co., James Craig being the
junior member, for the manufacture uf
leather-working machinery, and has since coii-
ducte< it.s affairs. Twenty-five men are em-
ployed HI the shop of the firm. :\rr. Slocomb
IS a inendver of Laconia Senate, Xo 10 Order
of Sparta, Philadelphia, and of ' Court
Diamond, No. 3,440, T. O. 0. F. Tn political
. -aatters he is a Pepublican. Mr. Slocomb has

one living brother, Edwin P., of Wilmington.
On April 30, 1881), Frank F. Slocomb was
married to Lydia \V., daughter of Bobert and
Lydia (Warrington) ]5urns, of AVilmington.
Tiieir children are: i. Jeannette; 11. Frank
J\ciineth; HI. ^Marjorie. iMr. Slocomi) is a
member of the -Methodist Episcopal Church.

PHILIP PLUNK'ETT, Wilmington, Del.,
son of James and Mm-y (Gearty) Plunkett,
was bom in the parish of Temple Port, County
Cavaii, Ireland, September 17, 1817.

James and ^lary Plunkett were both <le-
scended from Irish ancestry, all of whom ]ias-;-
ed their lives in their native land. Philip
Plunkett, father of James, and grandfather of
Phili]) Plunkett, 2, was an old and honored
resident of the towiiland of Kenagh, in the
above-mentioned parish of Temple Port. He
was a farmer; both he and bis children re-
sided all their lives in their native country.
They were: I. James, who married ilary
Gearty; IT. George; III. ^fargaret; IV.
Catharine, wife of John ^fagliaren, who serv-
ed twenty-one years in the IJritish army, and
was honorably discharge<l -with an annual
pension of twenty-five iiouiuls sterling. A
brother of Philip Plunkett, 2, whose name was
James Plunkett was the fii-st of the family to
come to America, which he did about the
year 182!). After residing for some time
in X^ew York City, he came to Wilmington,
Del, and here built the United States hotel
and the AVestern hotel, and conducted the
foniier house for a nunil)er of yeai-s. Ho
died during a visit to relatives and friends in
Ireland.

. Philip Plunkett, 2, fii-st landed in New York
on June 7, 1837. He at once i)roceeded to
]\Iarcus Hook, and after a short stay, went to
X'ew Albany, Ind., where he dwelt for about
eighteen months. For the sixty years since
that time, he has been a resident of AVilming-
ton, Del. During the greater jiart of his
life, ]\rr. Plunkett has devoted his attention
to mercantile pursuits, and although ailvanccd
in yeai-s, is still an active business man. He
has found time and inclination also to serve
public interests, having been a councilman
of the city of AVilmington for seven years, and
for some years als<i a school commissioner.
'hh. Plunkett is now President of the Central
National Dank. He adheres to the Pe[inbli-
can party.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

213

riiilip Pliuikett was luaiTied in Wiliuing-
ton, April 4, 1839, to Lydia, daiiglitor of
llugli iMcGraiin; slie Ls of Irish and
(Quaker extraction. Their ehildreii are us
l\.li.,\vs: I. Kllen (^.Mi-s. William .Me-
IJriet}), of lialtinioro, i\ld.; 11. James A.,
deceased; 111. rhiiip :\I., .M. D., of Wilming-
ton; IV. IJngli Francis; V. ilary (ilrs. .lames
A. liar!), of Wilmington; VI. ^Margaret,
widow of Joscj)!! F. Crilly; VII. Tlionnis,
deceased; \'11I. Cora L. ; IX. John, deceased;
all of whum were born in Wilmington. ,Mr.
I'lnnkett and his family are of the Roman
Cath<ilic religion, attending St. Peter's
elinrch, AVilniing-ton, Del.

PF-MBERTOX 15URT0N McCABF,
Philadelphia, Pa., son of Josepli and Mary 1).
(Hickman) ^IcCabe, was born in Baltimore
Imndred, Sussex county, Del., April 2-1:, lSo7.

^Ir. -McCabe's grandfather, Josejih ]\lc-
Cabe, a farmer, was a native of Baltimore
hundred, Sussex county, Del. lie was mar-
ried to Xaney Layton. Their cliildren are:
I. William 0., of Baltimore hundred, Sussex
county; II. (jarrisou, of Baltimore hundred;
III. Joseph, deceased; IV. Levin; V. Fbey;
VI. :\lary, deceased; VII. Nancy (Jlrs. John
lioberts), of Xew Jersey county, Del.; A'lII.
Elizabeth (.Mrs Joshua Derickson), of Balti-
more luindred.

Joseph McCabe, farmer, father of Pember-
ton B. .McC'abe, was a native of Baltimore
hundred, Sussex county, wlicre his youth and
early manhood were spent. He afterwards
removed to Worcester county, ild. Josepli
^McCabe was married to ilary 1). Hickman.
Five of their children died in youth. Those
surviving are: I. Pcm])erton B. ; 11. Jt^nniu
(Mrs. Jtisepli Corrigan), of Philadelphia, Pa.;
111. Caleb, of Philadelphia, man-ied Clara
'Tingle; IV. Isaac, of Bummerhook, Pa., mar-
ried Flla Dickers, of ^faryland; V. Joseph, of
Philadelphia. ]\Ir. Joseph 'McCabe die<l at his
liome in W^oreester county, .Md., in 1SG5; his
widow r(-sides in Baltimore hundred, Sussex
cr)unty, Del.

Peiiibertun Burton !McCal>e grew \\p on Ids
father's farm in "Worcester county, ^fd., and
was educated in the public schools of the dis-
trict. In 1S7-2 ;Mr. ]\rcCabe returnecl to his
liii-th)ilaco, Baltimore Imndred, Sussi^x coun-
ty, ]\rd., where he turne<l his attention tn the
culti\-:iti(in (jf the soil. In 18!)i) he rem'i\id

to his jjresi'iit home in Philadeljjhia, Pa.,
where he now holds the jjusition of janitor of
the biuliliug uf Brown Brothers. .Mr. .Mc-
Cabc is a Kejudilican, interested in loi'al af-
fairs. He is a mc-mber of the K. of J'!, of
lu-xana, Del.

J'l'ndiei'lon Biu'ton J\lcCabe was man-ied,
in Baltiinoi-e hundred, December '2, 1S77, to
..Martha K., daughtt'r of Stephen and .Mary
liickards, of Baltimore hundred. Their
chiKlren are: I. Lorenzo ^\'., born August
2y, 1678; II. Charies, deceased; III. Pem-
bert<ni \>., deceased. .Mr. .McCabe and his
fannlv attend Bethel .M. F. church, Phila-
deiph'ia. Pa.

CTIAKLFS E. KIXGSTOX, Wihnington,
Del., son of Stephen B., 2, aiui Julia Eliza-
beth (Elliot) Kingston, was born in Philadel-
phia, .May 12, 1858.

His ancestors, both paternal and maternal,
came from Ireland. Stephen B. Kingston, 2,
his father, M'as liorn in Philadelphia in 182(),
son of Stejihen B. and Sarah (Beasley) Kings-
ton, both natives of Philadel])hia. He spent
his entire life in that city, receiving his edu-
cation there, and at an early age entered tlio
employ of the Pennsylvania Kailroad Com-
jiany, with which corporation lie was identi-
fied for manj' years, contributing inucli to the
advancement of its ititerests and the attaiu-
nient of its high business and commercial
stiinding. He was valued and trusted by the
company, and was connected ^\^th it for
many yeare. In Philadelphia, Novemljer 2.''),
18.">1, Ste])lien B. Kiugston married Julia
Elizabeth, daughter of Charles and Anna ^I.
Elliot. They had chihlren, as follows: T.
Eannio S. ( .Mi-s. John O. Stokes), died in
1878; n. Henry 11., of Philadeli.hia, traffic,
manager of the Lehigh Valley Kailroad; III.
Anna 1)., died in infancy; TV. (Miarles E.;
V. William White, of ,\tlanta, C.a., agent for
Jolinson it Co. ^Ir. Kingston die(l in Phila-
deljdiia, December f), 1879.

Charles E. Kingston attended ]irivate
schools in Philadeljihia until 1877, in which
year be was graduated with lionor. In Octo-
ber, 1877, he entered the ser\-ice of the Penn-
svlvania Kailroad Comjiany as a clerk in the
Dock Street Freight Station, Philadelphia.
On .Tanuary 1, 1880. he wa- transferred to the
general freight agent's office, and was ra]iiilly
promoted until on October 1, 18«i,"), he was

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214

BIOGRAPHICAL J.'NCi CLOPEDIA

made cliicf rate clerk, a position he tilled with
iiiarkcil ability. In June, 18'JU, he was again
advanced, this time to the chief clerkshii) un-
der the general freight agent. On June 1,
iyL>7, he was made division freight agfnt of
the Philadelphia, Wilmington and lialtimore
Ivailroad, with headquarters at Wilmington,
llefcrenee has been made to the ability of
Stephen B. Kingston as a railroad man. This
ability has been inherited by his son, Charles
E., and, added to his careful training and his
BOun<l and comprehensive knowledge of trade
conditions and retiuirements, makes him one
of the most valuable of the numy young men
the Pennsylvania Jiailroad Company has ap-
pointed to resi)onsible positions, lie is a
member of ilcade Conclave, Xo. 370, I. O.
II., of Philadelphia, and of the ^rerchants'
Salesmen's Association of the same city.

On June 30, IbSO, at .Mt. Holly, X. J.,
Charles E. Kingston married Josephine K.,
dauiihtcr of Brevet Colonel Josc]jh C. Clark,
r. S. A., and T^rary E. (Goodell) Clark, of
Oswcgd, X. Y. Their children arc: I.
Charles E., 2, born April 10, ISSl; II. :\raiy
C, b.irn August IG, 1883; HI. Josephine
Loui>c, born ^Fay 15, ISSS. .Mr. Kingston
an<l fauiilv attend the P. E. Church.

JAMES DAVIS, Wilmington, Del., son of
John and .\nn (Thompson) Da\'is, was born
in Baltimore, :Md., July 15, 1812.

His great-gTcat-g'i'and father, mi the itaternal
side, who was of Scotch birth, was the first
of the family to come to America. lie .-ettled
in ilaryland. James Davis' maternal ances-
toi-s emigrated from Ireland, and, it is be-
lieved, found homes in Xew Jei-sev. His
graiulfather, Stei)hen Davis, was the first man
to drive a stage coach out of Salem, X. .1.
John Davis, father of James Davis, was born
in Cundierland county, X. J. lie went to
Baltimore, !^^d., when a young man, and af-
terward resided in Wilmington, Del., Xew
Jersey, Virginia, and finally in Elkton, ^\A.,
where lie died.

James Davis was taken by his parents t«i
AVilmington when he was three y(»ars old. He
had only meagre educiitional advantages, and,
while yet young, was apprenticed to a wheel-
wright and bla(d<smith in Keating-svillc, Tkfd.
Afterward he learned carpentry, and followed
this trade, to which he added pattern-making,
for many years. Eor the jiast twenty years

he has led a retired life. .Mr. Davis is a Demo-
crat. He cast his tii-st ballot tV.r President
Jackson, but has nut voted during the ])ast
forty yeai-s.

James Davis was twice married. His first
wife was lu-becca, daughter of Hubert Young,
of Wilmington. They had eleven children,
of whom only three are living: I. S«irah (Mrs.
Edwin Talley), of Wilmington; II. Anna
(.Mrs. Jamc-s .Marion), of Pennsville, Salem
county, X. J.; III. Gccjrge, of Wilmington,
married ^lalvina Co.x. Chira Elvina, decea.-,ed
daughter of James Davi^, married Jacob A.
Daniel, of Wilmington, February 28, 1875.
Their children were: I. Elsie P.; II.
Blanche Vi(da; HI. Florence ~MAy; IV.
Oswald CJartield, died in infancy; V. Poland
Coleman; VI. Lola Alberta. Mi's. Daniel
died January 19, Hsilfl. Mr. Daniel still re-
sides in Wilmington.

James Dans married, the second time, on
X^ovember 28, 1871, in Wilmington, ^lary,
daughter of Joseph L. and Sarah (Gibbons)
Swain, of Sussex county, Del., and widow of
Thomas T. P<ennett. They had two children:
I. James Alfred, born Xovendjer IG, 1872; IT.
LePoy, born January 15, 1880.

Mrs. Davis' parents were married ^lay 2C,
1820. ^Irs. Davis was born near Concord,
Sussex ctiunty, Del., April 17, 1811. P,y her
first husband she had two chililren, both of
whom died in infancy. She is a memlK-r oi
the ]\I. E. Church.

ALPAX M. PIEPCE, Wilmington, Del.,
son of F'redei-ick and Ann Eliza (Bulb irk)
Pierce, was burn in lirandywine humlred,
Xew Castle county, Deb, :\Iarcli 18, 1818.

His father was born in Brandywine hun-
dred and was a stone mason. He man'ied Aim
l]liza, daughter of Curtis and Elizabeth Bul-
lock, of the same liundred. They had chil-
dren: I. l-llizabeth (^Irs. Joseph Jacdoon), of
Wilmington, has one child, Erancis E. ; II.
Erederick, 2, of Chester county. Pa., mamed
fii-st, Flizabetli Wild, had two (diildren, i.
William E., ii. Annie; married, second time,
Elizabeth Boyd; ITT. Curtis H., of Wilming-
ton, served in the Second regiment, Delaware
Vohniteer Tnfantry, during the Civil War,
])articipated in numei-ous engagements and
was severely wounded at Gettysburg, mariicd
Elizabeth Hibbard, and has two (dnldren, i.
Henry, ii. A\'^ellington ; TV. Louis V., sup-

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• I r

.STATE OF DE LAW ABE

215

posed to be dead; V. Martha, died in young
woiuanlioud; VI. Beulali J. (.Mrs. llufili
iJull'y), of Wilmington, lias one son, Edward;
^'1I. Ali.an ]\r.; YIII. Isaac C, drowned in
JJrandywine Creek, .inne, 1881; IX. .Mar-
shall 11., of A\'ihnington. l-'redeiiek Pieree
died in llrandywine hundred in 1855. .Mrs.
I'ieree is still living in Wilmington, aged
eighty-two years.

.Milan .M. Pierce was educated in the pub-
lie sehdols of Brandywine 'hundred until he
was eight years old. Then his mother remov-
ed her family to Wilmington and he complet-
ed his education there. After he left school
he \\as engaged in various occupations until
June 1, ISSI, when he established the llour
and feed store which he is at ju'eseiit conduct-
ing. .Mr. Pierce is a mendier of I'airfa.x
Lodge, .\'o. .s, I. 0. O. P.; of "Wilnungton
Lodge, Xo. 102, K. A. P. ()., and of Wil-
mington Lodge, No. 1, A. O. U. W., all of
^\'ilmington. In political inattere he is of iu-
de]iendent views.

In October, 1872, at Marcus Hook, Alban
]\1. Pierre maiTied Harriet C, daughter of
John and Pebecca Poinsett, born in Wilming-
ton, .March lo, 1852. Their ehildren are: I.
Henry M.; IT. Harriet P.; III. John A.
ifr. and .Mrs. Pierce are members of the J\I.
E. Church, and ^Ir. Pierce is a trustee of the
Brandywine ^1. E. church, superintendent of
the Sunday-school and president of the Ejj-
worth Leauuc.

GEOPCE W. GPIFFITH, Wibnington,
T)iL. son of Titus P. :\I. and Susan L. (Pugh)
(Iritiith, was born in Wilmington, December
20, ISCO.

He attended the public schools of Wilming-
ton until he was fifteen years old, when he
entere<l u]ion a sea-faring life. For eleven
yeaiv his home was on the high seas, and he
traveled to every continent. China, Japan,
.\nstralia, many ports in South America and
Europe were visited by him, and on tlie first
Creeley ex])cdition he was a inendter of the
crew. His memory is a well-filled store house,
as a result of his many jounieys; and his de-
?cri])tionR of countries and peoples and ous-
tiiiiis make him most interesting in conversa-
tion. Til 188.3 he forsook the sea while
in Xew York harbor, and returned to Wil-
mington. Here be entered the service of the
Delaware division of the L'ennsvlvania L'iiil-

road. A year later he obtained a situation as
brakeman on the Philadeliihia, Wilmington
and iialtimore Pailroad, and in 18'.i;5 was pro-
moted to the i:)osition of assistant car inspec-
tor of that road at Wilmington. His diities
have bei'ii etiiciently disciiarged, and he is,
accordingly, much esteemed by the railroad
company. .Mr. (irithth is a member of Fair-
fax Lodge, Xo. 8, 1. O. O. P., and of Wilming-
ton Lodge, No. 4, A. 0. U. W.

On June 2, 188C, (Icorge W. (Iritiith was
married to ^fargaret J., daughter of James
J. and ^lary Jane (Fca) Connor, of Pennsyl-
vania. Their chililren are: T. ]\laliel S.; 11.
(ieorgiana; TIL Clarence E. ; IV. Naomi;
y. .Miriam; an<l two who died in infancy.
.Mi-s. (iriliith died in Wilmington, October 29,
18i»4.

W1LLTA]\I SOLOMON, Philadelphia,
Pa., son of Isaac and Sarah (Chandler) Solo-
mon, was born in Baltimore, ild., December
7, 1849.

His grandfather, William Solomon, was a
native of Wilmington, Del., where he was ex-
tensively engaged in buying and selling cattle.
He married Tlliza A. Smith, and had the fol-
htwiiii;- children: I. Isaac; IT. John; ITT.
Edwa'rd; TV. William; V. Joseph. Edward
is the only surviving mendier of the family,
and resides in the city of New York.

The t'ldest son of William and Eliza .\.
(Smith) Solomon, Isaac, was born in AVilming-
ton, ]\lay 22, 1820. He spent his entire life
in Delaware and .Maryland, and was largely
engaged in the oyster and fruit trade, jiaeking
and shipping both i>roducts. 11(» married
Sarah S., daughter of William and Sarah
(Stuart) Chandler. Their children are: I.
Caroline (^hs. Iliidiard Bower), of Philadel-
phia, born in Wilmington, July 12, 1842; IT.
Charles S., born in Smyrna, Del., July 16,
1847; TIT. William (^^Irs. Isaac Solomon),
dii'd in AVayiie, Delaware county. Pa., July
10, 188G. Mr. S<domon reached the close of
a useful and well-sjient life, on September 14,
^^9:>, near New Castle, Del. He was then in
the seventy-sixth year of his age. The remains
of both these excellent jiarenls reiiose in Lon-
don Park Cemeterv, Baltimore, !Md.

The elder son, Charles S. Solomon, was still
a child wdien tlu-v removeil to Baltimore
when^ he began his e<lucation in the iinblie
schools. Tt was comideted at Bock Hill Col-

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21G

BIOGnAPlIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

lege, ill Howard county, ^IJ. After leaving
the college, -Mr. C. S. Solomon beeame inter-
ested with liis father in tiie o^'ster and fruit
business, ou Solomon's Island, in tlie i'atuxent
Iviver, in Maryland. For about three years
he was postmaster on Solomon's Island. I'Or
tiie i)ast twelve yeai's lu; has lu'en an engineer
and inaehinist, doing business in rinladeiphia.
His residence is at Uiverton, X. J., a beauti-
fid suburban town on the Delaware Kiver.
!Mr. Solomon is a member of Prince Frederick
Lodge, F. and A. ^I., of Calvert county, Md..
and of the Sons of Delaware, of Philadelphia.
Charles S. Solomon was married in Calvert
county, ild., to Louisa, daughter of Alexan-
der and Olive Somerville. Tlieir children
are: L Alc.xine; IT. Somerville; III. (irace
S. ^Ir. Solomon attends the P. F. Church.

William Solomon, 2, acipiired his ]u-iniar\
education in the ptddic schools of Baltimore.
lie was afterward, for several terms, a studen(
at Eock Hill College, and at St. Timothy's
^Military School, in Baltimore I'ouiity, .Md.
lie continued to reside in tliat State tuitil
1SS4, since which time he lias had his home
in Philadelphia. During his residence in
^laryland, ^Ir. Solomon was engaged with his
fathc'r in the oyster and fruit business. For
four veal's he was jjostmaster on Solomon's
Island. Since he has been a resident of Phila-
dc]i>hia he has been identified with the hotel
business. His father, Isaac Solomon, was at
one time a partner in the firm that owned
tlie Bingham House, and contributed largely
towards bi-inging that widely and favoraljly
known hotel to its present sujierior conditiim.
!Mr. Solomon lias, therefore, had tlu^ advan-
tage of his father's experience and higli repu-
tation, to add to his own capable and efllcient
management of affairs.

William Solomon was marTie<l in Cumber-
land City, Md., Tune 2S, 1877, to FUa, daugh-
ter of Alonzo and Jerusha (Towiie) Whitcher.
She is a native of Stonehain, ^Nfa.ss. Their
only child is Sarah S., born in Baltimore, De-
cember 27, 1883. Mr. Solomon and his fam-
■ ilv attend the ]\L E. Church.

CHARLES A. Bi)SR, Philadelphia. Pa.,
son of Alexander and ^lary ("Ilolden") Koss,
was born in Canterl)ury, Kent county, Del.,
December 17, 1850.

His grandfather, Robert Poss, was born
near Seaford, Del. In early manli(H>d he re-
niiived to Caroline countv, ^Id., and si'ttlcd

near (ireensboro. Afterwards he returned to
Delaware and made las home during ids re-
maining years in Canterbury. In (Jreensboro,
Kobert Koss married Pebecca Bell, a native of
('aroline county, .Md. 1 ln;y had children:
J. Kobert, 2; U. William; ill. Alexander;
IV. Peter; V. John; VI. Elizabeth; VII.
Augusta. The surviving meinbei-s of the fam-
ily are ^Villiam, Peter and John, who resides
in Kent county, Del.

.Mexander Koss was born in Caroline coun-
ty, Md., but in his youth removed to Kent
county, Del., with his parents. There he grew
to manhood and engaged in farnung. Alex-
ander Koss married .Mary Holdcn. They liad
one child, ('harles A. iMr. Koss died while
still a young man, being but twenty-four
years of age. ^Irs. Koss died at the age of
twenty-one.

Charles A. Koss was only eight months old
when liis parents died. He was taken into tlie
family of his grandfather, Kobert Koss, who
sent liini to the public schools until he was
fourteen years of age. He had by this time
received only a limited education, but had de-
termined to Itegin pro\iding for himself, and
obtained work from the fanners of the neigh-
borhood. Afterwards he whs engaged in vari-
ous other occupations until 1SG8, when he
turned his steps towards Philadelphia, and f<jr
the past thirty yeai-s has made his home there.
In 1873, after lie had ])ursued several plans
for earning a livelihood, he established him-
self in the produce commission business, but a
year later relincpii.shed it and obtained a situa-
tion as a clerk in a retail clothing store. Ten
years ago he engaged in merchant tailoring
on Walnut street, Philadelphia, and has con-
tinued to can-y on that l)tisiness with sncc&sa.
iMr. Koss is a member of the Sons of Delaware,,
and still has a warm reganl for the state in
wliich he lived as a youth. His political ])rin-
cijiles are those of the Kepublican partv.

On July 17, 1883, in Philadelphia, diaries
A. Koss wa.s married to iMary A., daughter of
Caleb and Elizabeth Xichols, of Camden, N.
J. They have one child, ^lary A., born Sep-
tember 17, 1888. ;Mr. Koss attends the ^M.
E. Cliurch.

THOMAS E. TOWNSEXD, Wilmington,
Del., son of Cheyney and l^lary E. (Bakerl
Townsend, was born in Cliestcr county. Pa.,
December 12, 1830.

As far back a^ liis paternal line of ancestry

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STATE OF DELAWARE

217

can be traced, the family were nativcb of Ches-
ter euiinty. -Mr. T. 15. T<jwiiseiicl'ti great-
grandfather, Jonathau Towiiseiid, and liis
graudfatliei-, Jonatliau 'I'ownseiid, i', were
huth lidrii ill tliat eouiity, and there spent their
entire lives, i)iirsuing the voeation of the far-
mer. Jonatlian J'uwnsend, '2, married Su-
sanna iviehus. They had eleven elnldreii: 1.
Margery, niarried Joel ilartin, both decta^ed;
Jl. Su~anna, died nnniarried; 111. .\nn,
married \\'illiaui Laiuhotl', both deceased; 1\'.
L'heyney; \^ Louis, deceased; \'i. .)(jna-
thaii, 3; VII. Hannah (ill's. James 1). l!.i-
ker); A'lll. Mary (Mi-s. White W. Merer);
JX. J'dier, deceased; X. Enunor, deceased;
XI. Joseph, of Pottsville, I'a., aged seventy-
three years.

Cheyney Townsend was bom in Cluister
county, April 3, ISIO. He was a carpenter,
and residi'd throughout life in his native
county. I'ive of the children of Cheyney and
ilary E. (Baker) Townsend, three boys and
two girls, died in their infancy. Those sur-
vi\iiig arc: I. Thomas B.; II. Cheyney, Jr.,
of riiiladelphia; III. Samuel 11., of PinhKhd-
jdiia; 1\'^. Susanna (ilre. John K. LooiuLs),
of Wilmington; V. ilary E. (ilrs. James
^lai-shall), of Chester county. Pa.

Passing his early years in the home of his
parents, Thomas 15. Townsend was eilucated
in the ])iibli(! schools of Chester county, I'a.
For several yeare after leaving school he was
occu])ied with agi'icultural labors. Put this
life of active usefulness was suddenly and
jiainfully l^rought to a close by an accident
winch rendered necessary the amputation of
his left leg. Thus incapacitated for pliysical
lal)or, -Mr. Townsend's activities found em-
]iloymcnt in intellectual work, and from Au-
gust IS, 1860, to January 5, ISGS, he was eii-
gage<l in teaching. From the latter date until
!March '.]\, 1S70, he was in the employ of the
PhilaJelphia and Reading Pailroad Coiniiany
at Downingtown, Pa.; and since April 1.'5,
1S70, ho has been in the service of the "Wil-
mington and Xorthern Pailroad Company.
His present position, that of auditor for the
com]iany, he has occupied f©r twenty year-:,
a period far more than sufficrent to proye the
faithfulness and efficiency of this experienced
official. !Mr. Townsend supports the princi-
jdes of the Pepnblican party, but u.sos his
judgment in political matters, independently
of party control. lie served for several

yeai"s as assessor and collector of ta.xes in Ches-
tt'r county. Pa. He is a ineinber of Pilgrim's
Lodge, Xo. 155, 1. (). 11., Lionville, Chester
county.

Tlidinas B. Townsend Wiis mariied in Ches-
ter county. Pa., Oct(jl)er 7, lb5.'~', to Esther,
daugiiter of Eli and Susanna Kambo. Their
childn'ii are: I. Joiin W., of Wilmington,
niarried Sarah E. Clark, of Chester county,
I'a.; II. Elmer E., of BirJsboro, Pa., mar-
rii'd :\Iiss Hall, of Berks county, Pa.; HI.
'liiiinias, M'ho died in infancy; IV. ilary S ,
at htime. The family are members of the Uo-
fiirmed E[)iscopal Church.

WlLLTAil P. SHOBT, Philadelphia, Pa.,

son (if Alfred and Margaret (ILittuu) Shurt,
who was born in Cedar Creek hundred, Sus-
sex county, Del., August 20, 1S42.

ilr. Short's great-grandfather, Daniel
Short, was a native of X^aiiticoke hundred,
Sussex eiiunty, Del. His son, John, the great-
grandfather of AVilliam P. Slmrt, was aUo
born in Xanticoke hundrc<l.

-Mr. Short's gramlfather, Ciller G. Short,
farmer, was born on the homestead in Xanti-
c'okc hundred, where he spent his whole life
in eultiyatiug and improving his land. Ciller
(i. Sliort was iiiarrit'd to Ann Prettyman, of
Imliana Piser hundred, Sussex county, Del.
Their children ai'c: T. Alfred, born Xovem-
ber2(;, IslC; II. Daniel B., deceased; IIP
A\'illiam, of Idlendale, Cedar Creek hundred,
lM,in in December, 1S20; IV. Ciller :^L, de-
. -easel, b.irn in ls25; V. John C, U.
S. mai-shal, whosi' sketch a])])ears in
this \oluuie; XL Elizabeth (ilre. Xich-
olas O. Smith), deceased; ^M I. ilary
.\. (ih-s. William Swaine); VIIL Hester T.
(.Mrs. AVilliam Day), deceased: TX. Sinai,
widow of John X. AleCauley, of Wilmington,
Di'I. Mrs. Short died at her home in Xanti-
coke hundred in 1S.3S. Ciller C. Short died
at tiie homestead in 1850. Both rest in the
family burial place on tl>e homestead in Xan-
ticoke hundred, Sussex county, Del.

ilr. Short's father, Alfred Sliort, was bom
in Xanticoke hundred, Xovendier 20, 1810,
and spent his whole life in Sussex county.
After farming for some time, "Mr. Short began
teaching but abandoned the profe-^sion and
turned his attention to civil engineering.
From 1808 to 1880 ^Ir. Short was emid<ived
as railroad acent. For ten veai's lie was as-

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218

BIO GHA PHIOA L ENC YC LOP ED 1. 1

sistaiit postmaster, and for liftueu years posl-
iiiaster of Eliuiidale, discliaryiiig his duties
promptly aiul uHiuiently. In 1653 lie repre-
siijilcd liis district in the iState l.egislatiiro.
Alfred Short was married in A'aatieuke hiui-
dred, Sussex county, Del., December 11, ly^JD,
to -Margaret, dau-liter of Henry and Lavinia
(SmithJ Ilatton, who was born near (ieorge-
-town, Sussex county, iJeL, Ajirii Ui, IsTu.
^Irs. Sliort's father was a native of Ciermany;
lier mother was born in CJeorgetown hundred,'
Sussex county, Del. The children of Alfred
and .Margaret (Ilatton) Short are: 1. Ilenrv
C, Lorn in Cedar Creek hinnh'ed, in (Jctober
ISIO; H. ^Villiam 1'., born August I'G,'
1S4:J; III. 31ary L., l)orn in January, 1845,
died in Septendjer, 1«72; IV. Jolm \V., uf
riiiladclphia. Pa., born in 1617; V. Wilbur
F., of Philadelphia; VI. Carrie C. (.Mrs
Josepli L. AVelcli), of EUendale, Sussex coun-
ty. .Mrs. Short died at her home in Sussex
cotuity, i\rareh 2G, 180G. ]\lr. Short resides
at Llleiidale, Sussex county. lie is a nuMuber
ot the M. E. Church, in which he liolds the
oftiee of steward.

WiUiana P. Short was educated in the pub-
lie schools of Cedar Creek Inindred, Su-^sex
eonnty, Del. Prom September, 1SG7, to Jaii-
iiary, 1872, Mr. Sliort was a merchant at Kl-
Jeiidale, Sussex county, and iuv f.nir \-eai-s of
this time was also postmaster v^ PHendak.
lie was a successful business man, ener"etic
ami enterprising, and built tlie first lious^e in
P lema e In 1872 Ih: Short removed to
1 lidadelplna, Pa., and began business as .-i
commission merchant. He is now at tlie head
of a tliriving wholesale and commission busi-
ness, dealing in produce of all kinds, ^ilr
Short is a Pcpublican. actively interested in
local affairs. He is a memi)er of Ai>ollo
Lodge, Xo. 380, F. and A. ^{., of Philadel-
phia, Pa.; of Passyunk Tribe, No. 139, I O
P. M., of Philadelphia; of Fourth of Julv
Lodge, Xo. HI, L O. 0. P., of Philadelphia,
and a member of tli^e Great Council of Pe.l
JMcn and of the Grand Lodge of the L O. O.
F., of Pennsylvania.

A^'illiam P. Short was married in Goortre-
town, Sussex county, Tjd., Dcccmlier 2, isiio
to Catherine ,T., daughter of William and Pe-
l)ceca (Jones) Short, of Sussex connty, who
was horn in Proadkiln hundred, Sii.'^sex coun-
ty, ]\rarch 21, ISoO. Their chihlren are: I
jMary L., horn in Philadelphia, Au^'u^t 13

lb 73; II. Oscar, died in infancy; Ul.
Laura G., born iu Philadelphia, February lil,
IS.^O. .Mr. Short, his wife and family are
members of the Fighteenth Street M. F.
church. Fur nine years he has been a member
uf the board of trustees, lie is an active elU-
cieiit worker in the church and in the Sunday-
school, in which he and liis daughter, Laura,
are teachei-s.

John W. Day, Pliiladel])hia, Pa., son of
William P. and Hester J. (Short) Day, was
born in Xanticoke hundred, Sussex county
Del., August 21, 1853.

John W. Day's boyhood was spent in Sus-
sex county, where he was educated in the pub-
lic schools of the district. Poth his parents
are dead. In 1874 Mr. Day removed to Phil-
adelphia, Pa., where he now resides. In Jan-
uary, 18S(J, he became a partner with his
cousin, William P. Short, a wholesale com-
mission merchant, Philadelphia, Pa. ilr.
Day is a member of the Itepublican partv,
actively interested in local affairs.

John W. Day was man-ied in Philadelphia,
December G, 1888, to .Mary F., daughter of
Pichard and Pebecca Andrews, of Caroline
county, Hid. :\lr. Day attends the :\I. K.
Church.

THO:\fAS FAGAX, Wilmington, Del,
was iiorn in P.allynakill, County Meath, Ire-
land.

He emigrated to America when ho was a
very young man and settled in Wilmington,
where he obtained em]jloyment as hor^tler at
the P)lack \\i>v<Q tavern, one of the luo-t ex-
tensively ])atronized hostebics (if that dav. Ho
remained there a few years, attentive to his
duties and economical with his money, and
tlien became proprietor of the Sorrel Horse
tavern, establisliingand conducting, in connec-
tion with it, a livery business. He remained
at tliis tavern for some time, and left it to
take possession of the AVhito Horse Hotel,
which he managed for five year.s. He then re-
tired from tlie hotel business and gave his at-
tention to his livery stable and to tiie numerous
building contracts he was receiving. He still
conducts the livery business, and is an exten-
sive contractor and builder, besides sujierin-
tending the cultivation of his farm near Wil-
mington. He is an indejiendent Democrat.

Thomas Pagan married, in 18.58, Susan
Harkins, a nati\e of Letterkenny, County

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t; . ' ■.;,.,!.

STATE OF DELAWARE

219

Donegal, Ireland, who came to America in
early girlhood and made her home in Wil-
mington. Tlieir children are: I. Peter, born
185S; II. IMary, born 18()0; III. AVilliam,
born ISGi'; IV. Catharine, born 1804, de-
oeascd; Y. John, born ISOG, deceased; \'l.
Catharine, bom 1808, deceased; VI 1. John,
born ISTO, deceased; Vlll. Ann, born IbTi',
deceased ;'IX. James, born 1878.

!Mr. Fagan is a Ivoman Catiiolic; lie and his
family attend St. Peter's Roman Catholic
CluH'ch.

Peter Fagan, son of Thomas Fagan, is a
resident of AViimiugton and conducts a hotel.
lie has served a term in City Council, was a
member of the Board of Education, and is a
member of the National Drivers'. Associutiuu.
Peter Fagan married Sai'ah Dougherty. They
have three children: I. Thomas, bom March,
IS'Ji'; II. James, born March, i8l»;5; 111.
Alice, born October, 1897. t)ne child died
in infancy, ilary Fagan, daughter of Thomas
and .Sii.-an (Ilarkins) Fagan, mamed Alexan-
der Casey. They conduct a grocery store in
Wilmington. Their children are: I. Cieorge,
born IS'Jl; II. Marion, born in ISDo; HI.
A\'illiam, born in 1897. William and James
Fagan are unmaiTied and re-iide with their
father. They are engaged in the livery bu-^i-
ne^s.

JA^^IFS AVILSON", Wilmington, Del., son
of AVilliam Wilson, Jr., and ^Margaret (Cireen)
A\'ilsrin, \\a3 born at Breck Lane, along Bran-
(lywinc ('reek, in Cliristiana hundred, Xew
Ca-ili' cciunty, Del., Xovember 19, 1858.

His ancestors on the patenuil side were
Scotrh-Irisii. His gTcat-gTandfather and
grandfather were born in Cotmty Downi, and
his father in P)elfast, County Antrim, Ireland.
His grandfather, William Wilson, Sr., worked
as a linen weaver in his native country, and
when he came to America in 1838, accom-
panied by his entire fannly, he went from the
landing place at Philadel]ihia to ^lanayunk,
the cotton mill district, where he could find
employment as near as possible to his occupa-
tion in Ireland. lie remained there two years
and tlieu mo\-ed to Oreenvillef Del. There
he was engaged for moi-e than thirty years in
the cotton mills on the banks of the Brandy-
wine. William Wilson, Sr., man-ied, in Ire-
land, Suiaii. daughter of Sajutiel and ]\larv
(AfcAli-ter) Hope. They had children: T

Jennie; 11. James; III. Susan; IV. William,
Jr., and two others who died in infancy. Mr.
\\'ilsou died in Creenville, aged seventy-seven
years. His remains were buried in the Lower
Bi'andywiiio Presbyterian graveyard.

William Wilson, Jr., father of James Wil-
son, and the only surviving child of William
Wilson, Sr., was bom in Belfast, Ireland, and
came to America with his parents in 1838.
lie was emi)loyed with his father in the cotton
mills for about three years, but did not like
this occupation and apprenticed himself to his
firother James to learn tinsmithing. When
lie had accjuired Ids trade he entered into part-
nership with his brother and Charles Green,
luuler the tirm name of AVilson, Green iSc
Wilson, tinsmiths. In 1862 these business re-
lations were dissolved by the ^\^thdrawal of
James A\'ilson, who went to McKeesport, Pa.,
remained a short time, then returncil to Dela-
ware and engaged in business in Wilmington,
afterwards going west to Ohio, where he died.
Charles Green and William Wilson, Jr., con-
tinued in business together under the firm
name of Green & Wilson, manufacturing,
princi})ally, metal packages, of which they
were the patentees, for the DuPout Powder
Company. In 18Sr) ^Mr. Wilson retired and
went to live on Prospect farm, one of the large
tracts of land he had ]im'chased near Green-
ville; tlie other farm received the name of
Suu.-et. lie wearied of inactivity, however,
and ill l.s!)(i engaged in the iron and carriage-
fiinii-liiiigs business, which he still conducts.

Oil (),-tober 12, 1854, AVilliani Wilson, Jr.,
was married t<i ^largaret, daughter of William
and .Maria (Laker) Green. Her ancestry was
Iri-li on the jjaternal side, and German on that
of lier mother. Her grandfather and father
were born in Ireland and emigrated to Amer-
ica, where the grandfather taught school.
Ifcr mother was born in Lancaster, Pa. Mr.
and ^frs. Wilson had children: I. ]\laria, de-
ceased; II. Samuel Hope, man-ied Emma Jef-
ferson, of Smyrna, Del., had four children, i.
Samuel Hope. ii. Frazier J., iii. Jeannette,
iv. Paul: HI. James; IV. Susan, dccea.«ed; V.
"William ■"<: VI. ]\Iargaret; VII. Irenaeus, de-
ceased; VI ir. Frederick, acciilentallv
drowned when a bov at Caj^e IMav Point, N.
J.: IX. Charles G..'deceased; X. '^VFartha B ;
XT. Henry; XII. :\Iary E.

James Wilson received his primary edtica-
tion in the schools of Chri-tiana hundred, Xew

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220

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Cnstle county, and aftenvaril entered tlie
academy of T. Clarkson Taylor, where lie pre-
l)ared for adniissiun to_J.afayettc Colle<i;e,
Easton, Pa, lie was craduated from the hit-
ter institution in the clas-s of 'Ml as a civil en-
i^ineir. 'i'ho same year he secured a {xwition
with (Jcneral Cisneros, of Cuban fame, and,
on short notice, accompanied him to London,
' England, as private secretary, when the gen-
eral went there to purchase material for tho
construction of the .Jorandat Kaihvay in the
Tnited States of Columbia in South America.
-Mr. Wilson was appointed chief engineer and
constructor of this railway, and held that ])0-
sition until ISSG, when he was made chief en-
gineer for the completion of the road by tho
government of the r(_'public, a revolution hav-
ing occun-ed before the road was built, and tho
successful revolutionary party having taken
possession of the line. lie continued in tlie
employ of the government until 1891, when
he returned to Delaware. In 1892 he was en-
gaged to make surveys for the Pennsylvania
Iiailroad for the extension of the Bell's (iap
road and aftenvard was appointed assistant
engineer in the surveying department of AVil-
mington. In ]\Iarch, 1894, the City Council
elected him chief of the surveying bureau,
which position he held until ]\[ay 11, 1898.
At that time, owing to a political change he
was superseded, at the same time receiving the
unanimous vote of the City Council for the ])0-
sition of first assistant, which he declined. ^Ir.
AVilson is a Pepublican and pronounced in his
views. lie is unmairied, and is a member of
the Presbyterian Church.

JOnX F. DOLAN, chief of police, Wil-
mington, Pel., son of James and ^largaret
(Terrell) Dolan, was bom in "West Chester,
Chester coimty, Pa., January 7, 1855.

His father and mother were bom in County
Galway, Ireland, in which county their anccs-
toi-s had lived for many generations. James
Dolan came to America in ISl,"), landed in
]*hiladel[)hia and went immediately to Ches-
ter county, Pa., settling near Kennett Scpnirc.
Tie afterwards moveil to West Chester. Soon
after his ai-rival he lea^I a farm close by and
tilled it for several years, after which he en-
gaged in railroad contracting and construeto<l
the section of railroad from Brandywine Sum-
mit to Fairville, in Chester eoimty. Hard
labor and exposure undermined his health and

he returned to West Chester. Jiy advice of
his physician he remined there but a short
time, removing, in 1859, to Wilmington,
where he purciiased the tiien well-known ami
popular 'J'cnii)erance Hotel and took possets.-^iou
of it in .March, 1800. He conducted this hos-
telry until his death, Xovemlier 1 LI, 1,^02.
His widow continued the business for two
years, and then disposed of the property to
the iJelaware Avenue Improvement Com-
pany, and retired to private life. The Tem-
[>erance Hotel was long ago demolished to
make room for a larger and more ornate build-
ing, in line with the extensive improvements
being made in that section of the city. 1\a site,
howe\'er, is still indicated b}' a memorial foun-
tain, erected at the intersectiou of Pennsylva-
nia and Delaware avenues, liy the fount<Tin so-
ciety of A\'ilmington, in commemoration of its
fii-st president, the late Penis Bringlun-st.
James Dolan manied, in 1852, Mai'garet Ter-
rell, of West Chester, who had come from his
old home in Ireland a few years before. They
had these children; I. Ann ilar- (Mi-s. Henry
Can-); II. Esther; III. John F.; IV. .Mar-
garet; \. Catharine; VI. James; the last two
are deceased, ilrs. Dolan died in 1881.

John E. Dolan was educatetl in the jiaro-
chial and pidjlic schools of AVilmington.
A\'hen he was twelve years old he began to
work for himself, and at the age of fifteen, ap-
prenticed himself to a house-painter, John W.
Ciibson, with whom he served for three years;
for one year he worked as a master-painter,
and was then appointed, in 1875, by ^Jayor
Joshua L. Simnis, a sjiecial detective to ferret
out the incendiarists who were at the time de-
stroying much property in AVilmington and
its sid)urbs. ]\lr. Dolan went about his new
duties with discretion and enerpv, and in a
short time discovered the principals of the <lan-
gerous band and secured their eon-\-ietion in
the com-ts. When he had accomplished this
work, and his services were no longed needed,
he went to Philadelphia, and was employed on
the Centennial buildings, which were then
nearing completion. Afterward he journeyed
to the west and secured a ]iosition in the Pull-
man j)alace car shops. He remained
thei-e only a few months, and re-
tin-iunl to Wilmington in 1S77. Here he en-
gaged in the saloon business at No. 404 AVest
Front street and continued in it for about
eighteen months. In 1 870, ^Mr. Dolan was ap-

()r.

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STATE OF' DELA]YARE

221

jjointed oil tlic Wiliningtou police force by
^Mayor tJoliu P. Aliuond. Wlien liis ttTiii ex-
pired, July 1, lSb2, lie returned to liis trade
fur six months, and then estalilished a re-stau-
I'aiit and jalooii at i^o. (J West 'IMiird street,
winch he cunducted for ten }ears and tliree
months, and tinally disposed of it to aci'cpt the
l)osition of chief of police. Mr. Dolan receivc<l
liis appoLiitment April 23, 1S03, from the po-
lice commission, which was created by an act
of the Legislature April 14, 1893, to further
increase the ctHciency of the police lorce. ^Ir.
Itoian was i-lii'sen head of the de))aitnient be-
<-aiise (if his well-known executive aliility and
his genius fur organization. His attention to
ditail, his thorunghness of method, his strict
discipline, have all contributed to advance the
force greatly in usefulness and in the confi-
dence of the citizens. After his appointment
as (diief of police, which was entirely unsolici-
ted, he sold out his business and ])urcliased a
residence at 231 IJrown street, which he now
occupies. Mr. Dulau is a Deiuocrat of strong
conxictions, and believes that the principles of
his party are best calculated to advance the
material interests of the country.

John v. Dolan married, on :May 0, 1878,
Mary A., daughter of Patrick and ^Margaret
liurke, of Treland. They had twelve children,
six of whom died in infancy; the survivoi-s are;
1. .LJin I!.; 11. James F.;' III. ]\rary A.: IV.
^Margaret; V. Arthur (!.; YI. Esther.

^Ir. Itolan and family are members of St.
Paul's luuiian Catholic Chundi.

WTI.LTA.M W. BTTLLOCK, Wilmington,
Delaware, son of the late John ]\f. and Violet
( Smith j Bullock, was born in Xew Castle
county, July 2G, 1844.

The Pmllock family is of English lineage,
and t'lnigrated to America in early colonial
times.

.Mr. Pullock's father, John ^L Pullock, son
of .Moses and ]\[ary (ifcCall) Bullock, was
born in Delaware county, Pa., in T^oveniber,
1>^11. Tie atten<led the schools of his nativi^
eounty, and served an apprentice-ship as a stone
iiiasoii. At this trade he woiked until (he iu-
tlrniities of age obliged him fo retire from
active life. Tu 1838 ;Mr. Bullock removed to
Didaware and settled in Brandywine hundred,
Xew (^iistle county, on a farm owned by his
wife. Besides managing the affaii-s of this
farm, he continued to work at his trade and

for some time occupied the position of foreman
for the DuPont Powder Cominiiiy. .Mr. ]iul-
lock afterwards engaged in business for liiiu-
.sclf. Thronghuut the State many beautiful
homes bear witness to his skill as an arti.sin.
Mr. Bullock was a A\'liig, but afterwards iden-
tified himself with the Jveimblican ])arty; he
was an active worker, but never sought otlice.
John M. Bullock was married to Violet,

daughter of James and Ann ( ) Smith'

a native of Brandywine hundi-ed, jSTew Castle
county, Del. Their children are: I. Marietta
(.Mrs. "William ]\r. Taylor), deceased; II. Ue-
becca, widow of Joseph Guy; III. Moses, mar-
ried Chariotte Fried, who is deceased; IV.
Sarah Jane, widow of William Ilanby; V.
James S., man-ied Baehel Brown; VI. AVil-
liam W.; VII. Ilanuah, deceased; VIII. Ha-
vana Caroline (.Mi-s. George llobson); IX.
John W., married :\Iargaret (iraham. :\Ir.
Bullock was a member of the Protestant Ejiis-
copal Church. lie and his wife died in Wil-
mington, Del., at the home of their sou,Wil-
liam W. Bullock. ::\ri-s. Bullock w;is seventy-
six; her husband reached his eighty-third year.
William W. Bullock, third son'of John .M.
and Violet (Smith) Bullock, attended the pub-
lic schools of Delaware county. Pa., and' of
Brandywine hundred, Xew Castle county.
Del. Mr. Bullock had just completed li'is
scholastic course when the war of the Tfe-
belliou broke out, aiul in response to his coun-
try's call, he enlisted, in September, 1861, in
Company D, Xinety-seventh Penn.sylvania
Volunteei-s. For more than three ycai-s Mr.
Bullock fought bravely in defense of the
Union. He took part in twenty-six of the most
hotly-contested battles of the war, and al-
though thrice wounded never failed in the
discharge of his duty. He was mustered out
at Petei-sburg, Va., leaving a record of which
his children are justly proud. After his dis-
charge, ^fr. Bullock returned to his home in
Delaware and learned carjientry, serving the
usual term of apprenticeship. Tie became a
skillful mechanic and after working as a jour-
neyman for two yeai-s secured a ]iosition \\nth
the Jessup it "^foore Paper Company, and seiw-
ed that firm as master mechanic for fourteen
yeaiv. In 1880 Mr. Bullock established a plan-
ing mill which was destroyed by fire in 1882.
Pndaunted l)y this heavy loss, 'Mr. Bullm-k re-
built the mill and by Septendier of the same
year was again ready for business. In 1884,

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BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

in addition to the management of liis mill, he
began dealing in wood and coal, and in lliu
spring of IbUl purchasetl his juvaunt plant.
This property, whicii is situated at No.
llG-llb .Monroe street, Wilmington, Del., is
large and tinuly equipped. JMr. IJuUofU's mill
is largely engaged in the manufacture of pack-
ing bo.xes; his trade in wood and coal is very
extensive, lie is an enterj)rising business nnin
and was one of the first manufacturers to sub-
stitute electricity for steam. Independent and
manly, self-reliant and judicious, .Mr. Ikillock
cares little for most of the side issues which
usually attract the mind; his business i<nd his
family engross his time and attention, lie is
universally respected as an honored and suc-
cessful business man, and a good citizen. He
is a member of the Union Veteran Leg-ion ; he
is actively interested in politics and is a strong
rrohibitionist.

In July, 18C6, William AV. Bullock was
married to Elizabeth, daughter of Lee and
]\Iary "Weldin, a mitive of Xew Castle county,
Del. Tlieir children are: I. Emily AV. ; II.
Kate E. ; III. Arthur, died in infancy; IV.
Edna ilav; V. AVilliam, died in childiiood;
VI. Edgar Quiuby; Vll. Elizabeth ^^I. ,Mr.
Bullock is a member of the Alethodist tJhurch,
and holds the office of steward in the llamson
Street congregation.

HO?^. THO^MAS FRANCIS BAYARD,
LL. D., of Wilmington, Del., deceased; law-
yer, orator, statesman and diplomatist.

It is impossible within the brief sketch re-
quired by the limited scojte of this work, to
truly portray the character, or adequately de-
scribe the achievements and career of this emi-
nent American. Considered in all respects,
he is not only the most distinguished Dela-
warean his native state has produced, but also
one of the most commanding figures, national
or international, among American public men
of his generation.

Ilis was a unique and captivating person-
ality, for in him were conspicxiously blended
the earnest purpose and strenuous force of ro-
bust manhood with the buoyant spirits and
generous emotions of sanguine youth. Like his
father and gi-andfather, James Ashcton Bay-
ard, Jr., and Sr., he was lavishly gifted by
nature with ran^ physical, mental and moral
endowments, which be constantly im-
proved and developed by imflagging industiT

and tireless activity. His towei-ing stature,
stalwart frame, superb head and e.\i)re!ssive
features, combined with his knightly bearing,
gracious courtesy, and tender sympathy,
everywhere won fur him both profound re-
spect and affectionate regard. \\ ith his intel-
lectual power were united a moral strength
and spiritual grace which made his career a
])oteut and wholesome infiuence throughuut
his long and useful life.

His mind was l»road, versatile and vigorous,
inqu-oved by social culture, travel and reading,
and thuroughly stored with infornuition of the
most varied character, lie was innately a so-
cial being and a genial, charming and instruc-
tive comjianion. II is marvelous vitality im-
parted a buoyancy of feeling and a genuine
enjoyment of life which kejit him thomughly
in sympathy with his environment, and in the
van of modern progress.

AVithin his allotted span of life he had be-
come preeminently the head of the bar of his
state, the soundest, safest and most esteemed
national leader of his party, the Democratic
leader of the Senate, thrice the next highest
Democratic candidate for the Presidential
nomination. Secretary of .^tatc of the United
States, and the first Amerii-an Ambassador to
Gi'eat Britain. In all these eminent ami re-
sponsible stations, he, by sheer force of his
ability and worth, acliieved a success and com-
manded a jiopular coufi<lence in his patriotism,
integrity and capability, which are as rare as
they were, in the jiublic estimation, signally
merited by him.

That the uncommon physical, intellectual,
moral and spiritual characteristics whicli
acliieved so exceptional a career were, in his
case, inherited from a remarkable ancestry
seems unquestionable when his genealogy is
consi<lercd. Beginning with his Amerioan an-
cestors, it appears that, including hi~ maternal
great-gi-and father, Richard Bassett, five of his
family within four successive generations, and
four of the Bayard name — himself, his father,
uncle and grandfather — have been United
States Senators. Others of his ]iaternal and
maternal lines have also been distinguished
in various ways. Refei'ring to his European
genealogy, it will be seen that, through his
maternal lines, he derives his lineage from the
dauntless English squires and sturdy Saxon
yeomanry who eNcented one, and exiled
another tx'rant Kino- \u the maintenance of

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-. V; i

STATE OF DELAWARE

Eiiglisli i-ights ami liberties, and that, on the
other haiiil, tiiroiiii-h his paternal line, lie de-
sc(ih1~, and di'rives his name from that au-
cieul and knightly raee of Franco which pro-
liuecd the renowned "Chevalier sans pear et
sans rcproelie," who gave his life to defend
his sovereign and serve his country.

ll(s|)eeting the hitter, Thomas F. Bayard's
hit)graj)iier, Kdward Spencer, writing in 1880,
says: "The family to which ^Ir. Bayard be-
liiiig-s is a numerous one, and its members arc
widely distributed in bfith the Old World and
the Xew. Those wlio take an interest in
antiquarian investigations have traced hack
its origin to the jn'ovinee of Dauphine, now
the department of the Tsere, in the southeast
ot Fiance, wlu've, about six leagues from
(ireiiubii', the ruins of the Clhateau Bayard,
crowning a hill which commands one of the
nciblot ]irospects in that romantic region,
mark what is regarded as the cradle of the
raee. I'rom the earliest times the T?ayards
wire distinguished for courage in war
and fidelity to their sovereign. A Seigneur
de Hayard, the head of the house, was slain
al tlie battle of Poitiers in the vain attempt to
prevent the capture of King John the (iood
by the English, llis son fell in combat with
the same enemy at Azincourt, and his grand-
son at ^fontlhery. But the second in descent
fi-om this last was more witlely known than
either, and, joining to the hereditary prow-
ess and constancy of his race a purity and no-
bility of character peculiarly his own, has fur-
nished to history and romance the ideal of a
j)erfect knight. Pierre du Terrail, Seigneur
de Bayard, 'the knight without fear and with-
out reproach,' was the famous ca)itain of
Charles VIIT, Louis XIT, and Francis I, the
latter of whom, after the battle of ilarignano,
would receive the honor of knighthood from
no hand but that of Bayard. In 1505,
single-handed, he kept the bridge of the Gari-
gliano against the Spaniards, and sayed the
whole French army. In the wars between
Francis and the Emperor Charles V, he was
the most trusted ]'\ench leader, and fell by
an arqnebuse-shot while conducting the re-
treat at the passage of the Sesia, Apnl oO,
1524. As he left no heirs, his estates and
raidx desccndi d to the next of kin, and the
family name, Du Terrail, was merged in tlio
territorial name Bayard.

"'Among the descendants of tlu^se P«ayards
13

were three brothci-s, Jacques, Thomas, and
Phili|ipe, who had embraced the Kefonued or
Huguenot faith. During the persecutions
which followed the massacre of St. Bartholo-
mew, they, with thousands of their fellow-
believers, tied from France, and took refuge
in Holland, where their descendants still
exist."

Sanuud Bayard, a su{)posed diseendant of
one of them, is the authentically known pa-
ternal ancestor of the Delaware family of the
name. He was a merchant of Amsterdam,
llolland. 'J'he names of his jjarents and the
place and date of his birth are now unknown.
lie married Anna Stuyvesant, born about
ItiOO, sister of Peter Stuyvesant, the last
Dutch governor of Xew Amsterdam (now
X'ew York), and the daughter of Kev. l^altha-
zar Stuyvesant, of Friesland, in the Xctlicr-
lands, and his wife ^largaret llardcnstt-in.
Samuel l^ayard died previous to 1047, fur, on
^[ay 11th of that year, his widow Anna and
her daughter Catharine, and their three sons,
Petrus, Balthazar, and Nicholas Bayard,
landed in New Amsterdam with Governor
Peter Stuyvesant and his wife Judith, the
only sister of said Sanuiel Bayard.

Since tlien these children of Sanuiel and
their descendants have intennarried with the
Jays, Livingstones, Van Rensscdlaers, Schuy-
lers, AVinthrops, Shijipcns, Willings, Chews,
Stocktons, Bassetts, CaiTolls, Howards, Lees,
"Wirts, Washingtons and other distinguished
families in this country. So far as
known, there are no male descen<l-
ants of llis sons Balthazar and isicli-
olas. [t is therefore probable that iw)t
only the Delaware Bayards, but also those
of the name in New York, New Jersey, and
Pennsylvania, and their ccjunections elsewhere
in the Fnited States, are all descended from
Samuel's eldest son Petrus Bayard.

Thomas Francis Bayard's American genea-
logy, as derived from sai<l Samuel Bayard, ia
as follows: *

1. PETRUS BAYABD, eldest son of
Samuel and Anna (Stuyvesant) Bayard, ^vas
liorn in 1 1! — , at .\l])hen, on the Rhine,
in South ITolhind, about seven miles
from Leyden, and died in New York Citv in
1G9!1. lie married, November 4, 1074, Blan-
dina Kierstede, daughter of Dr. Hans ]\ier-
stede and Sarah Roelofs, and grauddaugliter
of Jans Roelofs and his wife, the notable heir-

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22G

BIOGllAPUICAL ENCVCLOl'EDIA

e!-s Aiinckc Jans, l)y whom he hud three chil-
dren, Saimiel, Tetnis and Sarah Ikyard, all
bom in Xew York.

In 10 7") Governor Andros granted him a
tract of land at Bouibay Ilook, Uclauare, for
which he afterwarcU, on .May 4, 10;"J, pur-
chased a deed from the Indian owners. Aliu\it
this time he joined the Labadists, a religious
fcect who were the disciples of Jean de Lahadie,
a French enthusiast, and, in 1(384, united with
them in the purchase and colonization of the
Labadie trftct, being a portion of Augustine
Hermann's Bohemia Manor, between the Elk
and Bohemia Pavers in Cecil county, Mary-
land. Some years later this community was
dissolved, Petnis Bayard returning to ^icw
York, where he died in ICJ'J'J, and a consider-
able part of the I.abadie tract, upon its par-
tition in ICOS, passed into the possession of
Samuel Bayard, his eldest son.

•2. SAMUEL ]]AYAKD,son of Pctrus and
Blandina (Kierstede) Bayard, born in New
York in 1G75, died at ''Great House," his Bo-
hemia Manor mansion and estate, Xovember
23, 1721. In 1U!)8, the year before his
father's death, he removed from New York to
Bohemia ]\ranor and purchased, with his
brother-in-law, Ilendrick Sluyter, a portion
of the Labadie tract which, in 1710, they di-
vided into separate shares. Here he bro\ight
his first wife, Susannah Bouchelle, and, after
her death, his second wife, Elizabeth Sluyter.
The latter survived her husband's death in
1721, and, at her death, their sou, James Bay-
i,i-,l — the other children being Peter, Samuel,
and ilary Ann — inherited "(ireat ilou>e,"
the family estate.

3. JAMES BAYAED, son of Samuel and
Elizabeth (Shiyter) Bayard, born at "Great

House," Bohenda INfanor, , 17 — , died

, 17 — . He man-ied Mary Ashet

of Virginia, , 17 — , by whom he had

one daughter who died in her seventeenth
year, and two sons, twins, John and James
Ashcton Bayard. John Bayard was a distin-
g\iished lievolntionary jiatriot, served as a
colonel at the battles of Princeton, Brandy-
wine and Gennaiitown, and was a mend)er
of the Provincial Congress, 1774, and of the
Continental Congress, 17S.'i.

4. 1)1!. JA;MES ASHKTOX U.VYAiM),
son of James and Mary (Asheton) IJayanl,
born at "Great House," Bohemia Manor, Au-
gust 11, 1738, where he and his bioiiier John

received a classical education under their pri-
vate tutor, Kev. George Duttield, afterwards
an eminent Presbyterian divine. In 1750, at
the age of eighteen, he and his brother left
their Alaryland home for Philadelphia, i'a.,
wheie John entered the counting hoUr^e of
John Phea, and James A. began the ^tudy of
medicine with Dr. ThonuisCadwalader. About
17c;'J .lohn Bayard married Margaret Hodge,
daughter of Andrew Hodge, of Philadelphia,
and, not long after, his brother James Ashe-
ton married her sister. As John was born
about half an hour earlier than his twin
brother, James Asheton, he inherited, upon
the death of their father, intestate, all of the
Bolieniia ilauor real estate, under the colo-
nial laws of ilaryland. But such was his af-
fection and generosity toward his brother that
he at once conveyed to him one-half of tlie in-
herited proj)erty.

Dr. James Asheton Bayard died January 8,
1770, in Philadelphia, Pa., leaving a daughter
Jane who dii'd unmarried, and two sons, John
Hodge, who died about 1820, unmarried, and
James Asheton Bayard, the second.

,-.. JAMES ASl'lKTOX BAYAPD, 2, son

of Dr. James Asheton and (Hodge)

Bayard, born in Philadelphia, Pa., Jtdy 28,
1707, died in Wihnington, Delaware, August
6, 1815. In 17'J5 he married Anne Bassett,
great-granddaughter of Augustine Hermann,
of Bohemia Manor, and daughter of Piehard
Bassett, of Delaware, (son of ilajor ^lichael
Bassett and Judith Hermann, granddaughter
of Augustine Hermann), who was captain of
tiie Dover Light Horse under Washington in
1777, member of the Delaware Constitutional
Conventions of 1770 and 1702, niember of the
Convention which framed the Federal Consti-
tution, riuted States Senator from Delaware
17.s;)-'.i;;, chief Justice (if the ('o\irt of Com-
mon Pleas 17!i3-'.i'.l, Governor of Delaware
171»it, and I'nited States Circuit Judge ISOl.
He died in Septendier, 1815.

James Asheton Bayard, 2, was graduated
from Princeton 17S4, began the practice of
law in Wilmington, Del., 1787, member of
Congress fnun Delaware 1790-1803, Uiiited
States Senator 1S04-13, one of the negotiators
of the Treaty of Ghent 1814, declined appoint-
ment as Miui.-ter to France in 1801, and to
Russia in 1815. He was, as described by a
biograjiher, ''a tall, well-proportioned, erect
man, of light complexion, light hair, hand-

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l;i' . ,''i'i )!■ '■' I

STATE OF DELAWARE

227

some face, intelligent and manly expression,
and of ooiirteous and dignitieil manners. His
])ortrait was painted hy Adolphe Ulrie \Vert-
inuikr, a Swedish artist, who also successfully
delineated the face and figure of Washington.
JJayard was one of whom, as of his uncU', Col.
John Jiayard, it ndght truly be saitl that
nature, education, mind, heart and habit, had
condiincil to nudie a gentleman. His elo-
quence was lofty and commanding, and he
stood scconil to no man either in the House or
the Senate. He left an enviable and unijleni-
ished reputation, and is still regarded as the
glorv of l)elaware, as his illustrious name-
sake of the sixteenth century was then, and is
still called, the pride and glory of France."

He \vas buried at Boiiemia ^lanor, where
his father-in-law, Governor flicliard ]'>a.sjett,
was, within a month afterward, interred by
his side. He died leaving two daughters,
( aroline and ilary, and four sons, Richard 11.,
-lames A^hctoii 3rd, Dr. I'Mward, and Henrv
M. Bayard.

Ivichard H. Bayard, his son, was born in
"Wilmington, Del., September 23, 17y(i, died
in Philadelphia, Pa., 1SG8, graduated from
Princeton ISl i, admitted to the Delaware Bar
1818, Hi>t ^layor of Wilmington ls32, U. S.
Senator 18;3li-oU, Chief Justice of Delaware
1830-41, V. S. Senator 1841-45, ilinister to
Belgium 1800-53. He married ^lary Sophia,
granddaughter of Charles Carroll, of Carroll-
ton, a .Maryland signer of the Declaration of
Indejjendcnce, and liis wife Harriet ( 'hew,
daughter of Provincial Councillor Benjamin
C'hew of (ierinantown. Pa.

ti. JAAIKS ASHETOX BAYAPD, third
son of James Asheton and Annie (Bassett)
Bayard, born in Wilmington, Del., Xovember
15, 17i»0, died in Wilmington June 13, 1880,
iiud buried in the Old Swedes' churchyard.

He wiis admitted to the Delaware Bar in
1822 and rajiidly rose to the front rank of his
profession. He won great reputation as a lead-
ing counsel in the celebrated suit of Randel
against the Chesa])eake and Delaware Canal
Company, and in the noted Pea Patch Island
case. He began his political pid)lic career as
a Jackson Democratic candidate for (,'ongress
in 1828, and to the end of his life was a con-
sistent, earnest and unwavering Democrat.
He was T'nited States District Attorney for
Delaware under President Van Buren, and
elected and re elected to the United St;)te9 Sm-

nte iu 1850, 185G and 18C2. He opposed the
iidoption of the "test oath" for Senators iu
lbU4, and, having tak(Mi it to disprove the un-
jiatriotic imputation it implied as to bim per-
sonally, he resigned from the Senate iu resent-
ment of the atfront. Upon the death of his suc-
cessor, in 18G7, he was appointed by (iovernor
Saulsbury to till the vacancy \intil the next
session of the Legislat\ire. On January 19,
I8til), both he anil his son Thomiis F. Bayard
were elected by the Begislature, the one to
till out his own unexjHred senatorial tenu, and
the other for the fidl term as his fathei-'s suc-
cessor; so that, at no<:)n of the same day, ]\Iarch
4, l.Ml!), the father retired from senatorial life
as his son entered it in his stead — an incident
hitherto unprecedented in the annals of the
Senate. During his long career in the Senate
he tilled numy important positions, among
them the eluurniau.-liip of the Judiciary Com-
mittee.

James A. Bayard was a man of stalwart
stature and massive mould, with powerfully
cast features, liaiiitually jire>i-rving the
courtly bearing and the gracious man-
ner of the ideal gentknuan of the
olden school. He possessetj a logical
niiud of great power and cdcarness, and bore
a national reputation as one of the ablest meiu-
bers of his profession, especially as a eonstitii-
ticjual lawyer. His entire profcssioiud life — ■
excepting the thi-eo years, from 1S43-4C,
passed in Xew York ( 'ity — was spent in Dela-
ware. He was a man of unblemished integ-
rity, inherent candor and sincei-c convictions.
In his speech in the Senate, in .March, IStil,
he denied the right of secession, declaring hia
desire to jireservo the Union, and strove to
avert the horroi"s of imi:ending war. Both ho
and liis son proved their fidelity to the Con-
stitution and the Union of their fathei-s by
their patriotic exerticpus in )ireventing Dela-
ware from being drawn into the fatal whirl-
)iool of secession.

He nuirried, -lidy 8, 1823, Anne Francis,
born in Philadelphia, Pa., February 9, 1802,
died in Wilmington, Del., ilarch'l3, 1804.
Sli(? \\as the daiighter of Thomas Willing
Francis and Dorothy ^VillinJ'•, his wife and
cousin. Thomas Willing Fran<'is was a sou
of Tench Francis and Anne Willing, hia wife,
till' grandson of Tench Francis, Attorney Gen-
eral of the Pro\inc(> of Pennsylvania, the
uncle of Sir Philip I'raneis, I\. B., nutlna-

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228

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

of the celebrated "Letters of Junius."
Dorothy Willing, wife of Thomas Wil-
ling Francis, was the daughter of Thomas
AVilling of Philudelphia and granddaughter
of Charles Willing, captain of the riiihidel-
phia Assoeiators 1747, the son of 'J'homas AVil-
ling, of Bristol, England, merchant, and his
wife, Anne Harrison, granddaughter, on her
paternal side, of Maior General Thomas Har-
rison, and, on her maternal side, of Simon
Ma}Tie, both members of the High Court of
Justice which condemned Charles I.

The children of James Asheton and xVnno
(Francis) Bayard were James Asheton, 4tli,
born January 10, 1825, died, unmarried, July
17, 1848; ^lary Ellen, married Augustus Van
( 'ortlandt Schermerhorn, of New York,
Thumas Francis, Sophiii Harrison, died 1832,
George Han-ison, died 1830, ilabel, died No-
vember '28, 181)7, married first Dr. John
Kent Kane, of Philadelphia, Pa., brother of
Dr. Elisha Kent Kane, the Arctic explorer,
married second Levi C. Bird, Esq., of Wil-
mington, Del., Florence, died February 8,
1898, married Benoiu Lockwood, New York,
ilajor United States Volunteers, War of
18G1-5.

7. THOMAS FKANCIS BAYAKD, son
of James Asheton and Anne (Fi-ancis) Bay-
ard, born Wilmington, T)el., October 20,
1828. Ho was christened Thomas Willing
Francis, but for the sake of brevity, omitted
the name of Willing.

He married 1st, in 1850, Louisa Sewell,
daughter of Josiali and Catherine l']loise (Sew-
ell) Lee, Baltimore, !Md. Their children were,
Ivatherine Lee, died January IG, 18SG; James
Asheton, 5th, !Mabel, married Samuel D.
Warren, Boston, Mass., !Mary Lee, died 1862,
Annie Francis, died unmarried, November,
1898, Florence, married William S. Hilles,
Esq., Wihnington, Del., Louise Lee, mar-
ried Prof. Frank Angell, Stanford University,
Cala., Thomas Francis, attorney-at-law,
New York, Ellen, married Count Beinhold A.
Lewenhaupt, of Sweden, William Shippen,
died 1870, Willing Francis, died 1871, and
Philip Francis. IMr. Bavard married, 2nd
in 1890, ]\rary Willing, Washington, D. C,
daughter of Dr. George Clymer, U. S. N.,
grandson of George Clymer, a Pennsylvania
signer of the Declaration of Tnd(^pcnilence,
and grandson also of Thomas Willing, of Phil-
adelphia, a Justice of the Supreme Court nf

Pennsylvania, 17G1, jn-esident of the Provin-
cial Congress, 1774, member of the Continen-
tal Congress in 1775 and 177G, president of
the Bank of North America, and also of the
Bank of tlie United States, mayor of Philadel-
pliia, etc. Her mother was ilary, daughter of
Pear Admiral William Branford Shubrick, U.
S. N.

The education of Thomas F. Bavard was
pursued in his native state until 1841, when
he was sent to Flushing, Long Island, to com-
l>lete his studies under the Eev. Francis L.
Hawks, D. I). On passing from the care of
Dr. IL'iwks, Mr. Bayard entered the commer-
cial house of his brother-in-law, August Van
Cortlandt Schermerhorn, of New York; here,
and subsc(pieutly in the employ of S. Murris
Wain, of Philadelphia, he profited by the
ample opportunities afforded him for becom-
ing conversant with the laws of trade and the
management of financial affairs, a knowledge
which proved most ^■aluable to him in pub-
lic life. At the age of twenty, after the death
of his brother, James A. Bayard, Jr., in 1848,
he returned to his home and parents in Wil-
niington, and having de\-oted three years to
the stu<ly of law, was admitted to the bar of
Delaware in 1851. For two years he prac-
ticed as his father's assistant, and in 1853 was
appointed United States Attorney for Dela-
ware. This office he resigned a year later, in
order to enter into partnershin with his frit-ud,
Williajn Shippen, Esq., of Philadelphia. The
legal firm thus instituted existed until the
death of ]\Ir. Shippen in 1858, when j\Ir. Bay-
ard again returned to Wilmington. From this
time a large portion of the business devolving
unon him consisted in the fulfilment of trusts
and executorships, and the management of es-
tates; .an exacting occupation, but one for
which ]\rr. Bayard was well qualified by his
early experience of business, his sound and
practical judgment, and his great capacity for
difficult and tedious work.

The Civil War broke out in 18G1, while
Thomas F. Bayard was still young; yet it is not
too much to say that it was largely due to his
patriotism, moderation, and persuasive elo-
quence that Delaware was not hurried, in the
feverish excitement of the times, into the ranks
of the scc(>ding states. At a ma.S3 meeting
held in Dover in June of that year, he suc-
ceeded in calming the pertui'bed minds of his
audience by reminding them that they had

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STATE OF DELAWARE

229

no part in tliu ''secession, revolution or re-
Lelliun, by whatever name it may be called,"
but tliat it was their duty to keep their state
in the I'nion, and to continue, as they always
had been, faithful to that Union, and to the
Constitution. His hope at that time was one
shared by many others — that war might be
averted and the seceding states be sooner or
later won back to their allegiance to the Fed-
eral government. The meeting was adjourned,
after adopting; certain resolutions, the last of
which expressed the decision that there ^\■as
"no necessity for convening tlie leg-i-latun;
of the state."

This is one of the most significant incidents
■wiiereby ;^^r. Bayard's name is connected
with ]iublic affairs, prior to his election as his
father's suecessor in the national senate, as
above related. Although belonging to the con-
servative minority, his positionas a leader soon
became assured, and was maintained through-
out his sixteen years of senatorial service. La-
borious, moderate and clear-sighted, he was a
valuable member of a number of committees,
among them those on finance, private claims,
and the revision of laws; also in the impU'sts
iustitute<l for the examination of di-turlu'd
conditions in a number of the southern states.
Through his skill and ])crseverance as a leader,
the so-called "force bills" were defeated in
the k^cnate. His work as a member of the Sen-
ate Committee on Investigation and retrench-
ment, concerned priiicipally with the conduct
of affairs in the New York Ctistom-house, was
thorough and effective, and is remembered as
one of his most able achievements.

!Mr. Bayard was twice re-elected to the Sen-
ate. In isTG he took an active part in the dis-
cussions concerning the presidential election,
and advocated the fonnation of the Electoral
Commission, of which he was made a member.
In ISSil he became chairman of the commit-
tees on Finance and Judiciary. At the Demo-
cratic Xational Convention, held in the same
year, he was a candidate for the pre>idential
nomination, and stood second only to (Jeneral
llani-ock in the nmubcr of votes h(! received.
At the (■(invention of 1S84, two ballots were
taken, in both of which Mr. Bayard's vote was
the next highest to that given ]\Ir. Cleveland.
He was tlic first statesman in^nted to considta-
tion by President Cleveland, and received at
once the offer of the highest place in the new
vabinet. After long deliberation ^Ir. Bavard

accepted this tender, although some prominent
leaders of his party advised him not to do so,
fearing that his withdrawal from the Senate
Avould be disadvantageous. Tiie most notable
incidents of our foreign relations during hid
term as Secretary of the State were the Fisli-
{.j.y Treaty, the Bcduing Sea controversy, and
an agreement between the United States and
Spaiinvhereby each country ab(di?hed from its
tariff' such dtities as discrimimited against the
other. Tn ISsO he withdrew from public life
at the close of President Cleveland's term.
From the retirement of private life and the
duties of his profession, amid which, however,
he did not fail to watch -with an eye of keen
interest the course of his country's affairs, and
to exert by voice and by pen a potent influence
u]ion them, Thomas F. Bayard was once more
called, in lS!i:5, to represent that country at
the Court of St. James. lie was the first to
bear the title of Ambassador to Great Britain.
If "the evil that men do lives after them," we
have in Mr. Bayard's mission and its results an
illustrious proof that the good is not always
"interred with their bones." The whole
course of his statesnuuilike career as ambassa-
dor was such as to promote a mutual, clear un-
derstanding and good will between England
and America, the existence of which has been
most fully and hajipily made manifest during
our recent Spanish-American war. The ad-
verse criticism aroused among his oni")oncnt3
in the United States by his candid expression
of his phihjsophieal convictions before the Ed-
inburgh Philosophical Institution, which were
at \arian(e with the tariff policy adouted by
the United States, will be forgotten as a pass-
ing cloud, while his faithful and far-sighted
services will secure for him the lasting grati-
tude of his countrymen. The controlling mo-
tive of ]\lr. Bayard's conduct as ambassador
was thus expressed by him, with his character-
istic modesty and simplicity: "I went as **•
friend, to clear up all misunderstanding, and
to bring together the hearts and the feelings
of two nations boimd by tics such as exist be-
tween no other two nations on the globe."
His sincere patriotism was gratified by the
honor and favor with which he found the name
of an American to be receivf;d; and in addition
to this, he had the satisfaction of feeling that
the special courtesies showered upon him in
(ireat Britain M'erc; largely due to the fact that

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230

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

the pacific spirit of his mission was fully rec-
ognized and reciprocated.

An interesting incident of his residence in
England was the restoraiion to ^lassachn-
sctts of A N'oluuie coninionly called
'"The Log of the iLaytiower," which
is really a histoi'y of the voyage of the
PiJgrinis, and iif tho I'lynionth colony, writ-
ten by CJovcrnor IJradford. The \olunie is
supposed to have been sent to London at the
time of tho Revolution. It was restored
through Mr. Bayard's agency, at the Instance
of various ^Massachusetts societies, and \\;ls
presented to the legislature of that state, in
jiiint session, !May SG, IS'JT. Acknowledg-
ment was made by Senator lloar, who took
this ocasiou to express his ajjpreciation of ifr.
Bayard's efforts fcir the promotion of fraternal
relations 1)etwccn tho two great English-sneak-
ing nations. Upon his return to America, he
nrcsented interesting relics to two Wilming-
ton cliurchcs; to Hrandywinc ^l. E. church,
a "Wedgewood cameo of John AVeslcy,
and to the Baptist church fac similes of the
original manuscript of Pilgrim's Progress,
and of the chair used by John Bunyau in the
Ludlow street jail.

The wanii appreciation of ilr. Bayard's fel-
low-citizens was publicly cxinced on the occa-
sion of his return from a visit to Eiu'0])o in
Xoveniber, 1S79, when, at a reception attend-
ed by hundreds of the people of Delaware,
rejiresontatives of all parties and classes united
in extending to him a most cordial welcome,
and in expressing their admiration for his per-
sonal character, and tlieir gi-atitude for his
puldic services. Thomas F. Bayard was, in-
deed, one whom all classes and conditions
of men delighted to honor. Both at home and
ahroad. he received n\imerous public trilnites
of appreciation of his merits as a statesnnui, as
well as of his personal character — if the two
may be separated. For the glory of ifr. Bay-
ard's career was its con.sistency; he had no two
standards of action for puhlic and for ]")rivate
life. The high-toned priuci]iles that con-
trolled his personal affairs and his business
rnd social intercourse with his fcdlowmen were
brriuclit to bear with tellinti- effect upon such
public interests as lay within his si)herc of
activity. Thc^c principles were tlie motive of
his sturdy insistence upon "specie payments,"
a!id his unvaiying advocacy of a sound money
policy, during his period of sen'ice as United

JStates senator; and in like manner, every pub-
lic question with which he was confronted, was
submitted to the test of his lofty ideals of truth
and j\istice. !Men of even less integnty and
moral power, arc not slow to recognize the su-
periority of an absolutely true character; hon-
ors were done to ]\lr. Bayard, therefore,
^imjdy because they \vere h'ss dear tu him
than honor.

The death of this ennnent man occurred
yeptt-uilier 1.'^, IS'JS, after an illness of six
weeks, at Karlstein, the smnmer home id' his
daughter, ]Mrs. Warren, near Dedliam, ^lass.
His remains were brought to his home, Dela-
more Placi', AVilnungtun, and interred, ac-
cording to his expressed desire, with brief and
simple services, in the family vault at Old
Swedes' church. AVhen the news of his death
was received in his luuive city, the flag on tho
city hall was placed at half staff, and other
flags on public and private buildings through-
out Wilmington soon displayed the same sign
of mourning. It was a toucdiing eviilence of
the universal esteem in which he Avas held,
that the inutation extended e\-en to children's
flags, whiidi had been erected on vacant lots
during the excitement over the Spanish-
American war. ilanv tributes of respect wore
paid; among those, in Delaware, were the me-
morials of the Bar, of the Delaware Society
of Colonial Wars, of which he was CJovernor,
and of the Yoiuig Men's Democratic Club, in-
cluding numerous i)ersonal tokens of honor
from those who had been most nearly
associated with ilr. Bayard. The flags of all
diplomatic and consular offices throughout the
United States were, by order of tho Depart-
ment of State at Washington, placed at half-
mast for ten days. The press generdly, both
in the United States and in England, con-
curred in expressions of admiration for his lui-
sullied and patriotic record, and of regret for
his departure. "It was just and fitting," to
borrow the words of Associate Justice Grubb,
of Delaware, "that he should pass painlessly
and peacefully away at the sinnmit of his
fame, and when he had just finished that
crowning work of his life which won for our
country the attachment and support of our
mother country in our hour of need."

Vi'c take pleasure in acknowledging the
valmdile assistance rendered in the prepara-
tion of this memorial of the Bayard family
by IL^n. Ignatius C. (irubb. By preparing

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STATE OF DELAWAJRE

•231

the genealogical uiatter and adding many in-
teresting particulars concerning the various
nienibei-s of the family, lie has impaired to the
sketch Loth accuracy and completeness.

1I0X0JLM3LE IGNATIUS COOPER
GUUBB, Wilmington, Del, son of Welling-
ton and lieulah^U. (AUmand) Grubb, was
Lorn at "'Stockdales," the family homestead,
Grulib's Landing, Del., April 12, ISll. He
is Associate Jndge-at-large of the Supreme
Court, etc., of Delaware, and in length of ser-
vice the senior judge of the entire state liench.

Judge (irubb's ancestry were among the
earliest Swedish and English settlers, and the
oldest colonial county families; and through
.■-uccessive generations his family have been
prominent and extensive owners of agricul-
tural and mining lands in Delaware, Penn-
svlvania and Xew Jersey. Through his first
American paternal ancestor, John Grubb, and
(lie intermarriage of his descendants with
tluiM- (pf Otto l''rnest Koch, Swedish secretary
under (iuvt-ruor John Priutz at Tinicum,
( (donel John Fenwiek, founder of the Salem,
X. J., colony, Governor William Clayton,
]u-esideut of the Colonial Council and of the
T'jiland Court, Pennsylvania, and the Sliip-
jiens, Buckleys, Gilpins and other leading set-
tlers. Judge Grubb comes of stock whose
representatixes haVe not only adorned the
Peiudi of Delaware, but also ably and wor-
thily filled other high and responsible positimis
in that state and elsewhere. Said John Grubb,
tlie first of his name to settle in Delaware, be-
longed to a county family of note in Wiltshire,
lliiLdand, which was of ancient Danish line-
age, and was seated in that cfiunty jiriiu' to
ir>;50, and still earlier in Hertfordshire.

Kespecting the Danish genealogy con-
tained in the Adels Aarhog (Year Book of
the Xobles), the Secretary of Royal Archives,
Copenhagen, 1805, writes: "Herein, pp. 143-
170, will be found the genealogy of the an-
cient (Jrubbes, their coat of arms and sonu
porti'aits. ^lore detailed information con-
cerning their genealogy is scarcely to be had.
B)it about several famed members of this fam-
ily mr)re particular iufovnuition can be ]>ro-
cured fi'oni the Danish historical literature
and archives. Among the portraits herein
])ublislied is a fine one of Sigvard or Sivert
Griil>be, born 15G6, died 1030, because be
was one of the famous men during the reitiu

of Christian IV, and he wrote a diary with
important information concerning that king,
whom he accompanied in one of his voyages
to X'orway. The (irubbes are related to Chris-
tian lY, in so far as ^larie Gruljbe, in IGUO,
nuirricd his half-brother, Ulrik Frederik Gyl-
dcnlove. Jacobseu's novel, Miiiir Grubbc,
although a fiction, is founded on historical
facts, with historical persons in the principal
parts.

"As -will be ol)serve<l in this Ailcis Aiirhoq
genealogical sketch, the CJrubbes are one of
the oldest and most famous noble families in
Dennuirk. As early as the year 1127, one
of them, Gonde Gruljbe, was living on his es-
tate, called Yeringe. Another, Peter Grubbe,
of Zealand, in 1270, was one of the king's jas-
tices in 1313, knighted in 1322, and appoint-
ed (lovernor, and also Ambassador, iii 1323.
In 1322, there was a Xicholas Grublte, one of
the noted chiefs of justice in the Zealands.
In 13(i0, John Grubbe, of Terslossc, was liv-
ing on his estate of that name; and in the fif-
teenth century, another nobleman, named
Xiels Grubbe, of Foebock, lived in Laugeland.
The Grubbes own family coat-of-arms is
known from the thirteenth century, 1200-
1300. In respect to color, the symbols of the
Grubbe coat-of-arms resemble a great many of
those of high-standing German families, smdi
as You Piohr, Yon Px'ust, Yon Konigsmarg,
ami others, the last-named of which lived in
Sweden in the fourteenth century. The con-
nection between these and the Grubbe family
must have been so far back in time that no
other token of it has been preserved except
the coat-of-arms. From the early ages, the
Grubbes have ailhered to their coat-of-arms
and their noted nauu', which, by marriages in
the coiu'sc of time, have been adojitei] iiv other
lines."

Among the records of the Delaware Society
of Colonial Wars, and in Yol. !», Auieriniii
Ancef:{ry, the English genealogy of the fam-
ily is traced back to ITeury Grubbe, Esq., of
Wiltshire, England, who died in l.'jSl. ;Many
of his (lescemlants have, for generation-,
served with distiiu'tion in the army and navy
of Great Britain; auujng them, ^lajor General
-lohn lleiR'age Hunt Grulihe, oiu'e ciuumand-
ing at Quebec, and Major Thomas Hunt
(irubbe, v.-ouuded under General Paekeuham
at Xew Orleans, both deceased; also Admiral
Sir Walter J. Hunt (Irubbe, K. C. B., and liia

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cousin, Captain Henry 0. Hunt (jlrubbe, of
Eastwell House, Pottcrne, Devizes, Wiltshire,
tiie present liead of tiie family in Enylund.
The ancestry of Judge Grubb is as follows:

I. IFcnry (Jrublie, Esq., member ot I'arliu-
ment for Devizes, Wiltshire, Ji l']lizabelh,
1571, died 1581;

II. Tlioniiis, Esq., of I'otterne, Devizes,
AViltshirc, eldest son of Henry, died Eebruary
2, 1G17;

III. Thomas, if. A. of Oxford University,
reetor at Cranfield, Bedfordshire, second son
of Thomas, born loSl, at Potterne, Wiltshire;

IV. John, Esq., of Ik'dfordshire, England,
second sou of Eev. Thomas, born IGIO, died
ICGT, at Potterne, AViltshire; a royalist and
adherent of the Church of England in Crom-
woii's time, removed from Wiltshire after the
execution of Charles 1 to the more remote and
secure county of Cornwall; mariied in (\)rn-
■\vall to Helen Vivian;

V. John, Esq., of "Grubb's ilanor Lands,"
(iriibb's Eanding, Del., son of John and
Helen (\'ivian) (}rubb, burn in Hi:r2, in
Cornwall, England; having joined with Wil-
liam Pcnn and others in signing the Plan uf
Government for the Province of West Jersey,
lie sailed in in the ship Kent from London in
ir;77, for Burlington, in said province; in
1()7!), he settled at Upland, now Chester,
Pa., where he purchased considerable land,
and ill 1CS2, at Grubb's Landing, Del., to
which he gave the name it still bears. Here
he l)ecame owner of "Grubb's ]\ranor Lauds,"
and later acquired other tracts in Delaware
and Pennsylvania; was a planter, a colonial
justice in l(i03, member of the Colonial As-
sembly, 1(392-1700, etc.; died in 170S, at Mar-
cus Hook, Pa., where he, with each of Judge
Grubb's succeedins); paternal ancestors, lies
buried in St. jNfaitin's Protestant Ejii-copal
chuicliyard; he married Erances Vane, df
English lineage, and from their children arc
descended the Delaware, Pennsylvania and
New Jersey familii'S of that name, including
Captain Emanuel Gndjb, Jr., of the Erench
and Indian War; C<donel Peter Grid)l), of the
Ei'dith Pennsylvania Battalion in the Revo-
lutionary War, and General Edward Yinvd
Grubb, U. S. Minister to Spain, 1S90;

VL Emanuel, of Stockdale's Plantation,
Grubb's Landing, Del., eldest son of John
and Ei'ances (Vane) Grubb, Ava^ born at
Grubb's Landing, July ID, 1(182, three

months before William Penn's first arrival
in America, and, according to the early colo-
nial annals, was reputed to be the first male
child burn of English parents on both sides,
ill Penn's pro\ince; he was a planter,
and colonial justice of the Courts of Oyer
ami Terminer, Common Pleas, etc.; he was
an active niember of the Church of England,
and from at least 1725 until his death, wliicli
occurred August U, 17G7, was continuously
a vestryman of St. ilartin's church, Marcus
Hook, Pa.; in this office he was succeeded by
his son Emanuel and his grandson James,
who, with him, were vestrymen of said church
for an unbroken period of over a century
(ilartin's History of Chester, p. 98); he mar-
ried Anne Hedge Ivocli, granddauchter of
Otto Ernest Jvocli, secretary under the Swed-
ish governor, John I'rintz, at Tinicum, Pa.,
1050, and subse(|uent owner of that island,
presiding justice of Upland Court, Pa., lUSO;
member of Governor ^larkhain's council, etc.;
and also granddaughter of Colonel John Een-
wick, founder and proprietary of Salem, X. J.,
colony, 1U75, and his wife Elizabeth, daughter
of Sir Walter Covert;

\ll. Emanuel, Jr., of Stockdales, Del., son
of Enninuel and Anne (Hedge) Grubb, born
December 10, 1729, died 1799; planter, colo-
nial captain during the Erench and Indian
war, etc.; married Anne, daughter of Philip
Ford (descendant of Philip Eord, merciiaiit of
London) antl Anne, his wife;

A'lIL James, of Stockdales, Del., son of
Emanuel, Jr., and Anne (Eord) Grublj, born
June 25, 1708, died April -1, 1827; planter,
magistrate, large land owner, etc.; married
Sarah, daughter of John and Prudence (Clay-
tun) Eurd, and granddaughter of William
Clayton, presiding justice of Upland Court,
Pa., ](18l; acting governor, and president of
(luNcrnur ]\Iarkhaiii's c<juncil, 1082, aiul of
Penn's cuuiirij, 1084, etc'.; alsu granddaugh-
ti'i' n( Walter Martin, a member of I'cnn's
Assembly, and the donor of St. Jfai'tiu's
(diurch buid^, Marcus Hook, Pa.;

IX. Wellington, of Stockdales, Del., son of
James and Sarah TEord) Grubb, born Decem-
ber 25, 1811, died Eebruary 10, 1853; owner
of vahiable farming timber and city proper-
ties, etc. ; married Beulali C, daucliter of John
Allmand, Esq., and Beulah (Buckley) All-
mand, and granddaughter of Captain John
Allmand, commissioned 1747, also descend-

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STATE OF DELAWAliE

233

iint of Adam Buckley, a justice of the colonial
courts, 1730, and of Jolin Buckley, member
of Peuifb ^Vssemlily, IG'JI;

X. Ignatius Cooper, son of Weliiuf^lon ami
Beuhih ('. (Allinand) Gruhl), l)oni April lii,
iS41, at CirubLi's Landing, Braudywine liiiu-
dred, A'ew Castle county, Del., in tlie cukiuial
Immc^tead of liis family, calhul "Stocktlales,"
which had Ijcen in the continuous possession
of his paternal ancestors from the date of the
original Penii conveyance.

That Judge Grubb has inherited sterling
intellectual and moral qualities from a worthy
ancestry is evidenced by his busy, useful and
upright life, and his high social, professional
and judicial standing throughout his nati\e
Slate.

In March, 1849, he removed with his par-
ents from Grubb's Landing to AVilmingtiui,
where he still resides. There he recci\'ed a
careful )ireliminary education at the Delaware
Academy, \nider the direction of Col. Theo-
dore Hyatt, late president of the Pennsylvania
^Military College, at Chester, Pa., and ha\ing
completed the classical course pursued at Yale
College, he read law imder his guardian, Vic-
tor DuPont, Escp, a leading lawyer of AVil-
inington, and was admitted to the Delaware
bar in Xcjwniber, 18(1:2. During his profes-
sional career he became conspicuous as a suc-
cessful lawyer and public speaker, and also as
a sagacious and influential Democratic leader,
lie is a man of scholarly tastes and contem-
]ilati\e mind, as well as of practical executive
aliiHry. lie has given much time to public
atl'airs, and has left his impress upon many
public measures and upon the general admin-
istrative policy of the state. Although a law-
yer's jjolitical and public career are apt to at-
trac^t greater notice than his less conspicuous
]n-ofessional life, yet Judge Grubb's legal
career has, on very notable occasions, won for
him a well-earned reputarii>n for legal ability,
learning and industry, especially as a Consti-
tutional lawyer. Prominent anmng his suc-
ces.-ful efforts have been his able and learned
arguments in the "Wilmington Xinth "Ward
and AVater Commission cases before the Court
of bh-rcirs and Appeals, and in other important
cases.

I'll his legal acquirements and judgment is
alsd due the adjustment of the vexing contro-
Acrsy, during Governor Cochran's teiiii. re-
siiecting the bomidarv line within the "twche-

mile circle," which then threatened to ie>ult
in an armed conflict between the New Jersey
and Delaware fishermen. After the boundary
commission — ha\ing failed to reach any satis-
factory conclusion — had been annulled by the
legislature. Judge (irubb, then Secretary of
State, as Goverm)r Cochran's legal adviser, in
a j<iint conference with the Governor and at-
torney general of Xew Jersey, suggested as
the only practicable plan for the determina-
tion of the then pending troiible,that the State
of X"ew Jersey file a bill in equity in the
Ignited States Supreme Court, to liav(^ the
true boundary line established, and in the
meantime lia\e a jireliminary injunction laid
upon the State of Delaware, restraining its
officers, agents, etc., from interfering with the
rights of the citizens of Xew Jersey to fish
within said circular boundary, etc.; all of
which Wiis done, and is still pending, await-
ing the deterininafion of said court.

Consijicuous among Judge Grubb's public
actions was his connection with what is known
as the "Grubb Keprescntation Amendment"
to the state Constitution, devised and advo-
cated by him as a temporary compronnse of
the differences existing between Xew Castle
county and Ivent and Sussex counties respect-
ing the former's rightful claim to increased
representation in the state legislature. The
plan, in lis earliest form, was first recom-
mended by him in 1873, at a county division
meeting at ]\liddletown. The cause of in-
creased representation was afterwards urgent-
ly advocated by him throughout Governor
Cochran's term, but unsuccessfully, as the
public sentiment of the state was not then ripe
f(jr it. In 1883, upon the inauguration of
(!o\-crnor Stockley, a more favorable senti-
ment prevailed. After weeks of consultation
with members of the legislature and leading
men from all parts of the state, Jiidge Grubb
drafted a scheme which was a modification
iiud development of his origimil, but less ma-
tured, plan of 1873. This desired representa-
tion amendment to the Constitution was cor-
dially suppoi'tc'd by Governor Stockley and the
ablest leaders of his ])arty, in and out of the
legislature, and was proposed by more than
a three-fourths vote of the General Assembly
of 1883 for ratification by the legislature to
be elected in 188 L During the campaign of
1881, Judge Grubb was sdVcte.l by the' lead-
ers of his part}' t<i make the argument before

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i/lli:' i-i

234

BIOdRAI'IlICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tlic people, ill support of his amoiKlinent. This
Le did in a speech of aduiirable tact and logical
force, delivered in the city of Wilmington,
and printed and distributed by his party for
public information. lie had the satisfaction
uf caiTving the election iipim this issue,
against the most determinoil and strenuous
efTorts of his opponents.

Having achieved a triumphaiit success at
the polls, after Inning previously secured the
niianinious endorsement of the measure by the
Deiiiocratie state convention of 188-1, he ctui-
fideutly left the ratification of his amendment
and the realization of his own and his coun-
ty's hopes to the S(jlid Democratic legislative
delegation from his county, and to the Dt'iuo-
cratic members from Kent and Sussex coun-
ties elected under the pledge of their state
convention to ratify the same. I5ut, owing
to the unfaithfulness of some and the pur-
hlindness of others, his own succ( ssf ul eiVorts
were rendered futile by the failure of the
legislature to ratify the amendment; and
thus the nearest approach ever made towards
an increase of representatii)n for New Castle
county was defeated for lack of but one vote
in the House of Representatives of 1885.
Though many able men had tried it. Judge
Grubb stands foremost among all who had
theretofore sought to have justice done his
native county, a.s its most successful advocate.

The most notable of Judge Grubb's achieve-
ments, however, have been in relation to the
movement for Constitutional reforms through
a Constitutional convention. The failure of
the legislature in 1885 to ratify his jiroposed
legislative amendment to the State Constitu-
tion in behalf of increased representation for
Kew Castle county, and the growing desire
ffir other Coustittitional reforms, aroused the
people throughout the state, and led to such
an agitation and demand, in the political cam-
paicrn of 1S8G, for a Constitiitional conven-
tion, that the General Assembly of 18S7 felt
constrained to provide for a special election,
in K^ovember of that year, to ascertain the
will of the people in respect thereto. The
State Constitution, prescribing the recpiisite
vote, provided that "if at any such election the
number of votes for a convention shall be
equal to a majority of all the citizens in the
state, having right to vote for representatives,
ascertained by reference to the highest num-
ber of votes cast in the state at anv one (,f the

three general elections ne.\t preceding the day
of voting for a convention, the General As-
sembly shall, at its next session, call a con-

\Clllioll."'

The total number of votes cast at the gen-
eral eleclioii of 188-2 was 31,202, being the
highest number cast at aaiy of the three gen-
eral elections prior to said special election of
1887. The vote of 18b 7 in favor of a conven-
tion must, therefore, according^ to the Consti-
tution, be equal to a majority of the votes civst
ill 1882, namely, 15,002 votes. In fact, how-
e\tr, 14,454: votes only were cast for a con-
viuition, and luit 4C)T against it, at said special
election of 1887. T'he vote for a convention
was therefore really 1,148 short of the pre-
scribed and requisite constitutional majority.
When the General Assembly, at its next ses-
sion of 188lt, convened in joint meeting of the
two Houses to determine the result of the
special election, a memorable controversy
arose. A majority of the Senate was Demo-
cratic, while a majority of the House was Re-
])ublican. But in the joint meeting to ascer-
tain the result of the vote, the Republicans,
owing to the larger membei"sliip of the House,
had the majority of the joint meeting. More-
over, some of the Democratic members of the
Hotise ardently desired to have a convention
called on said vote, if possible, under the Con-
stitution. The Republican party throughout
the state was virtually \inanimously in favor
of calling the convention on this vote. They
claimed that the vote for a convention wa^ an
overwhelming majority of the votes actually
cast at tlie special election, and therefore that
the legislature shouhl obey such expressed
will of the people, and provide for the calling
of the convention. On this issue the Demo-
cratic party was divided. Some of its fore-
most leaders vehemently supported the Re-
]>ul)lican view; a few were openly in the nega-
tive, yet many more, owing to the prevailing
(damor for obedience to the popular will, were
but cautiously opposed, or prudently inactiv(\
At this juncture the denn^nds of the exi-
gencv and his convictions of public duty en-
listed Judge Grubb in a struggle against what
he deemed unconstitutional methods, and in
behalf of true Constitutional reforms, which
continued for eight years, and culminated in
the convention and new Constitution of 18!»7.
Throughout this protracted controversy he
exhibited a degree of logical power, steadfast

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,i ,. . IT

STATE OF DELAWARE

235

I'durago, political sagacity ami masterly lead-
irship sekloin, if ever, surpa:iseil in Delaware.
When the legislature of 1S89 met in joint
session to count the vote cast at the special
election of 18S7, the dominant majority there-
in, notwithstanding the lack of the prescribed
( 'onstitutional majority for a convention, re-
solved that the vote was suificient, and that
an act shoidd i)e passed in each branch of the
(ieneral Assend)ly providing for the election
of delegates to a Constitutional convention.
Accordingly, such an act was passed by the
lu'publican House and sent to the Democratic
Senate for concurrence. Thereupon eusiicd a
di.s|)l;iy of ('onstitutional argument, legis-
lative strategy and tactical skill, which en-
grossed imblie interest to the end of the ses-
sion. 0]iposed to Judge (indd), the chosen
ach'iser of tiu' Senate nuijority, were twocjf the
ablest members of the Kepublican party, one
its most acconi]dishcd debater, the other its
nK)st s\ditle legal reasoner. ]}y his advice the
Senate, without a dissenting vote, adopted a
re|K)rt prepared by him, rejecting the said
House bill f(jr calling a convention upon the
insufficient vote of 1887, and recommending
the passage of a Senate liill ]iro\-idiuL' for an-
other special election on the third Tuesday of
IMay, the day designated in the Constitution,
and in strict conformity therewith in all other
resjiects. JW the ad^ace of its able coun:^el,
the House approved an adverse report refusing
to concur in the said Senate bill, and adopted
a substitute therefor, providing for taking a
vote of the people at tlie next general election
upon the (juestion of calling a convention,
which was sent to the §eiiate for concurrence.
In reply, the Senate adopted a counter report,
rejecting the House substitute, and insisting
upon the Senate policy for a special election
in strict conformity in all respects with the
existing Constitution, on the grounds, as set
forth in said Senate report, that the House
measTires were unauthorized, unconstitutional
and revolutionary; that a convention so called
would be illegitimate, and its work invalid;
and that such a course would prove unwise,
and detrimental to the cause of Constitutional
reform. T'nt although the majority of the
conference committee of the two Houses, in-
cluiling the Kepublican Senate member there-
of, re]iorted in favor of the Senate measure
aiul jiolicy, yet the House refused to concur
therein, and consequently prcx-euted the Lcgi,-

lature of 1880 from giving the people an op-
])ortunity, in an unquestionably Constitu-
tional mode, of again voting respecting a con-
\ention. 'J'liat the arguments and policy pre-
sented by Judge (irubb were sound and con-
vincing, was shown by his success in securing
the co-operation of e\ery Democrat in both
Hi>uses, and of Hon. Alden B. llichardson,
the IJepublieau member of the Senate confer-
ence committee. That he had secured for the
sup|)orters cd' his views the superior strategic
jiosition before the people, was unquestionably
demonstrated at the next general election.

.\t the next session of the legislature, in
18!n, which was Democratic in both branches,
a bill, as projtosed by the Senate of 1880, was
pa?sed, providing for another special election,
in ilay, 1891, on the question of calling a con-
\cntion. The same legislat\ire also proposed
an aniendnient to the Constitution, authoriz-
ing a vote on the (juestion of calling a con-
tention to be taken at a general election, so
that it nught be ratified by the (Ieneral As-
send)ly of ISIKi, and be avaihible in case the
\'ote at the S])ecial election of 18'Jl should
jirove insidficient. This amendment was rati-
fied, and, the vote of 1891 being about .500
short of the recjuisite majority, the legislature
of 1893 tiiereuDon provided for a further voto
uiion the con\'ention question, at the general
I lection of 1894. Judge Grubb drew up the
acts pro\iding for the special elections of 1891
and 1894, and jjroved his sincerity and con-
sistency by \()ting at both in favor of a con-
vention, although he foresaw that it would
jirobably, as it <lid, tenninate his life tenure
as a meud)er of the state Bench. When the
long-sought Constitutiiinal convention was
called u]ion the more than required vote of
]S1)4, and convened in December, 189(5, he
took a constant and laborious part in aiding its
members with needed infornuation and coun-
sel throughoiit its long and arduous six
months' session, especially in respect to pro-
|)osed improvements of the judicial system.
During the long agitation for a con\ention,
manv who \\ere more zealous than wiM' and
\vcll-infornU'd, as be considered, ad\'ocated
radical changes in the judiciary system,
which were unnecessary, and on grounds
which were iinsound and unwarranted, its he
believed. Consequently, when the conven-
tion met, there was a wide-spread prejudice
against the exi-ting three-judge system, and

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230

BIOGRA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

a prevailing dispotitiou to adopt in its stead
11 one-jndge court. To dispel this prejudice,
defeat this purpose, and preserve the existing
t-ysteni with such modifications only as would
be really wise and necessary, Judge Grubb ex-
erted all the powers of his mind and all the
energies of his nature, in tln' >upreme etfort
of his life.

Having been previously invited by the His-
torical Society of Delaware to read before it
a jiaper on the colonial and state judiciary of
Delaware, he deemed the meeting of the con-
vention, in Decendier, lSOG,a most opportune
nccasiou for a histijrical review of the gradual
growth and development of the administration
i>f ju-^tice in Delaware, for the information of
the people and the practical use of their repre-
sentatives in convention assend)led. Imme-
diately after the organization of that body, he
read this paper before the Society. Considered
all together — in its instructive historical inter-
est, literary merit, consummate tact, subtle
coni])rehension of the character and needs of
the jieople of his state, cogent reasoning and
potent influence upon the pidilic and the con-
tention, it stands \iniquely noteworthy among
historical pamphlets. Its effect upon its hear-
ers was so impressive that the Society, when
he closed, accorded him the unprecedented
com]iliment of ordering the publication and
distribution of one thoTisand pauii)hlet copies,
iin- piddic information. As a further mark of
])ublic appreciation, it was piddished in full in
the leading newspapers of both political par-
ties. It furnished to the convention, tlic bar,
and the people of the state precisely the com-
plete and authentic information which was es-
sential and indispensable to a wise and correct
decision, and for want of which so many had
formed errc>neous, though honest, views iipon
the subject. The resxdts were instantaneous
and decisive, notwithstanding the subsequent
exertions of the ablest members of the con-
vention in behalf of the one-judge system. As
a member of the convention declared: "Judge
Grubb has reversed the popular sentiment and
revolutionized the previous views of the bar
and the delegates of my county." In the end,
the convention rejected the one-judge, and
continued, with some modifications, the three-
judge system, which, as he argued, has been
championed by such eminent jurists as Clay-
ton, Ridgely and Read, and maintained in
Delaware from her earliest colonial period

with general approval, by successive genera-
tions of her leading men and thoughtful citi-
zens.

In recognition of Judge Grubb's conspicu-
ous services and personal qualifications, im-
meroHs res[)onsible and honorable appoint-
ments have been conferred npon him. In
1SG7 he was elected clerk of the Delaware
House of Itepresentatives. In ISG'J he was
a()pointed Deputy Attorney-general by At-
lorney-gencral Taynter, who subsequently
letired from that oflice on account of a techni-
( al Constitutional discpudificatiou. In 1871,
he was elected .city solicitor for the city of
W'ilndngton. During 1874 he was prominent
;ind inllucntial in securing the nomination and
election of lion. John P. Cochran as gover-
nor of Delaware, and in express recognition
(d' his valued servici-s, he was appointed Sec-
retary of State by (iovernor Cochran, Janu-
ary 19, 1875, and zealously and efficiently
tilled the office initil the close of his term, in
1879. Throughout this period he especially
( vinced a warm interest in Delaware's credit-
able participation in the Centennial Exhibi-
tion at Philadelphia; in the improvement and
success of the public school system of the
state, both as Secretary of State and meudier
(d' the State School Poard; in the reduction
of taxation and the decrease of the state debt,
and in an earnest elfort to scciire increased
representation for New Castle county, as well
as in other measures for the Avelfare of the
state and the improvement of its institutions.
In February, 1879, he was appointed a mem-
ber of the National Democratic Campaign
Committee, ereated to take the place at that
time of the Congressional Committee. In
June, 1880, he was appointed the nicndjer for
Delaware of the Democratic National Com-
mittee, by the Cincinnati convention, and in
July, 1884, was reappointed by the Demo-
cratic National Convention at Chicago.

In 1SS4, owing to impaired health, with a
view to teuq)orary partial rest from his ardu-
ous professional and political labors, he ac-
cepted the office oi Pa-gistcr of AVills for New
Castle county, to which he was appointed by
Governor Stockley. AVhile holding this
office, he was also appointed by Governor
Stockley, :\lay 25, ISSii, to the position of
Associate Judge for the state of Dela-
ware, resident in New Castle county, vice
Hon. "William G. Whiteley, deceased; and in

I t.

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;■// -III' ,,' I I ■, >

STATE OF DELAWARE

237

:N[areli, 1893, the office of Chief Justice of
Delaware was tendered to liim by Governor
Iioynold.'^, on the decease of L'liief Justice Al-
fred P. Robinson, which he declined, beinjf
then unwilling to incur the increased physical
strain of its more exacting duties. lie there-
fore continued to hold the otticc of Associate
Judge until June 10, 1897, when it was
abolished, and his life tenure therein, in com-
mon with that of the other state judges, an-
nulled by the pro^•isions of the new Constitu-
tion of that year. Two days thereafter, June
12, 1897, he was appointed by Governor Tun-
nell to the new othco of Associate Judge-at-
Large of the Supreme Court, etc., of the state,
which position he now holds.

"When Judge Grubb first sat upon the
bench, twelve years ago, his venerable and
di=tingiiished associates were Chancellor
Saulsbury, Chief Justice Coniegys, and Judges
"Wootten and IToustoUj who have all passed
away, lea\ iug him the sole surviving link be-
tween the judges of the older order and the
new. lie is a bachelor, the only unmavricd
man now upon the state Bench, about five feet
seven inches in height, with a sinewy and well-
knit frame, and endowed with exceptional
mental and bodily energy and activity. Tie
h;is an intellectual countenance, a cultured
manner, and a general expression of quiet de-
terminatidU and steadfastness of purpose. In
discharging his judicial duties, he is habitu-
ally exact, energetic and diligent. TTpon the
Bench he is invariably dignified and impartial,
and at all times considerate, courteous and
obliging. lie is a man of positive character,
deliberate judgment, and resolute courage' in
maintaining his convictions. He possesses
very superior analytical anci logical powers,
combined with a rare capacity for unremitting
mental concentration and thorough investiga-
tion. Although somewhat inclined by his
analytical habits toward technical refinements,
yet his natural judgment is so practical that
liis delilierate judicial conclusions have sel-
dom iiroved erroneous.

"With his natural endowments, legal ac-
quirements, and practical knowledge <if pub-
lic affairs, it soon became evident to the bar
and people of Delaware that Judge Grubb was
destined to become a potent factor upon the
state Bench. Very early in his judicial career,
he delivered opinions, especially in the lati>
Court of lu-rors and Appeals, which attracted

universal attention, and won for liim a fore-
most place upon the Bench, in the judgment
<if the alilest lawyers of the state. Through-
out his twelve years of judicial service, he has
unquestionably maintained the reputation he
so early won. During that period, he has de-
termined some most notable cilscs, and been
signally tested by very grave and trying emer-
gencies. Conspicuous among his judicial de-
liverances in the Court of Errors and Appeals
was his memorable opinion in the case of
Friezlieben vs. the Levy Court of New Castle
county, in which he sustained the constitu-
tionality of the assessment and collection laws
of 1S73. The administration of these laws by
the Democratic officials during a period of
seventeen years in a partisan and arliitrary
manner, which wrongfully disfranchised
many voters of the Bepublican party, as al-
leged by the latter, had at length induced them
to submit the question of the Cdiirtitutiunality
of said laws for judicial decision. Party feel-
inp- being deeply moved on the subject on both
sides, the duty of the ( "ourt wa.s both difficult
and embarrassing The bitter controversy
had continued so long, and the partisan in-
terests at stake were so great, that an adverse
decision would necessarily be unsatisfactory
to the unsuccessful side. The leading argu-
ment against the laws was a notable one for
legal acumen and logical power. It was gen-
erally considered unanswerable, and therefore
its learned author, Hon. E. G. Bradford, now
United States District Judge, and his party
confiilently expected the Court would declare
the said legislative acts to be unconstitutional.
But after mature consideration, the Court sus-
tained the laws, one judge only dissenting.
Two opinions were written concurring in the
decision, biit on different grounds in certain
essential respects. Begarding the concurring
opinion written by Judge Grubb, the able edi-
tor of the leading Bepublican journal of the
state wrote:

''AVe are amazed at the ingenuity and bold-
ness of the opinion delivered by Judge Grubb.
He meets in form almost every question raised
in that matter, and constructs or envolves an
elaliorate and subtle intention on the part of
the legislature in devising and enacting the
laws in question, which is as ingenious as it is
no^el. * * * He is the "fii-st man who
has ever brought together a coherent explana-
tion of the possilile public purposes of the

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2S8

B W 0 n. I PHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

legislation of 18?^, and although we cannot
agree with it, we do admire his fertility of
resource, his intellectual ])i'netration and sub-
tlety, and his abundant recognition of tlie
need of su[)portiiig jjublic acts on puldic
grounds. Tiiero is no doubt that he delivered
the opinion of the court, and generally it is so
conceded; although it is a fact, whether con-
ceded or nut. We appreciate the way in
which he does things, altlnmgli we do not like
the things done."

Judge Grubb, as a trial judge, is quick to
discern and decide the ^'ital questions in the
cause, and very successful in presenting the
case with precision and clearness to the jury.
Among the notable cases in which he has pre-
sided and charged the juries, or prominently
participated, are, in the Court of Oyer and
Terminer, the murder cases of the State vs.
Liidge, State vs. iliiler ct al., and State vs.
lirown and Swan, attendants at the State IIos-
jiital at Farnhurst; and in the Superi(jr CVmrt,
the Lycoming Insurance Company case*, the
Cummins will case, and the mandamus cases
against ]\Ic('oy and other mendiers of the
Board of Canvass of Kent county, in 189G.

For more than a year, during the long ill-
ness of Chief Justice Comegys, Judge (iTul>b
acted, under the Constitution, as presiding
judge of the Court of Oyer and Tcrnuuer
throughout the state, and of the other courts
in Kent and Sussex counties, M'itli marked
ability and success. From 1880 to June 10,
1807, he almost continuously presided in lieu
of the chancellor in the Orpiians' Cuurt of
New Castle county, and disposed of the vari-
ous and important business tliereiu; and also,
as resident judge, discharged many other uus-
cellaneous judicial duties. During this long
period but one of his Orphan^' Court decisions
was ever appealed from, and none reversed.
In the Court of Errors and Appeals his view
has been the prevailing one, except in one in-
stance, where his dissenting opinion was ap-
proved by leading law journals of the country.
In the Superior Court, during the same period,
his view of the law has been couctirred in by
the entire court, or a majority tliereof, in
every jtulgment save one- — the mandanuis de-
cision against the Kent county Board of Can-
vass in I)eccml)cr, 1890 — where his dissent-
ing opinion was sustained, and the majority
of the court below unanimously revelled liv
the Court of Errors and Appeals.

Although a iifedong Democrat, and, until
his elevation to tlic jjciich, a zealously active
})arty leader. Judge Crubb has never pernut-
ted ]iartisanship to ati'ect his social relations,
inlhuiice his judieial actions, or pervert his
sense of jniblic duty as a jirivate citizen.
A\'here he has found the law to be plainly in
favor (if his party in any case before the court,
he has impartially declared it to be so, despite
intemperate criticism, relying upon the sound-
ness of his reasoning for his ultimate \-indica-
tion. "Where he has believed his party to be
wrong, he has untiinchingly done the right,
regardless of other considerations. Upon the
resignation of Judge Ilouston, and also upon
tlie death of C'hief Justice Robinson, he ac-
tively urged the appointment, by the Demo
cratic governor, of a I{epid)lican to fill the
vacancy, because he sincerely believed that the
state judiciary should nut be wholly composed
of memliers of his own, or any one party; al-
though in then doing so he antagonized the
a])pointment of personal and political friends,
its well as the overwhelnnng sentiment of hia
party. It is noteworthy that this principle so
earnestly ad\ocated by him in 181*3, has since
i<ceu adopted by the con^eution, and incor-
p(jratcd in the new Constitution. Again,
after the Democratic Board of Canvass in
Kent cotinty, in 1890, had given certificates
to the Democratic candidates for the constitu-
tional convention, and when the courts, for
want of time before the convention met to or-
ganize, coidd not definitely determine between
them and the opposing candidates, Judgo
Crtdib, as a private citizen, was largely instru-
mental in originating and securing the com-
promise by which one-half of each party's can-
didates wad admitted to the convention, and
whereby a revolutionary situation was averted
and a practically non-i)artisan convention or-
ganized and subseipiently conducted to the
close of its remarkable and valuable public
services. In referring to this feature of his
career, at the time of his appointment to the
lleiich in 18S6, a leading Kejniblican jnurnal
published this tribute:

"As an ardent Democrat, he has taken a
zealous interest in the conduct and success of
his party, and has liecn ju'oniincut as a po-
litical writer, speaker and party leader. Yet,
active and earnest, as has l)cen his political
career for more than twenty years, he has
never descended to the base metliods and cor-

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STATE OF DJCLAWAEE

239

ruptiiig practices of partisan politics, but has,
on the contrary, possessed a cliaracter of hon-
esty, ciUiilor and courage which is unsullied
and iiuiiii[ieached. As a public othcial, ho
has, witli exceptional ability, integrity, cour-
tesy and success, fultilled his duties and the
exjieetations of his friends. Notably iluring
his four years' term ;us Seci-etary of State, diil
lie cvnice a i)nblic spirit far above the uattiru
and habits of the mere partisan."

In adtlition to his professional, jiolitical and
jutlii-ial labors, Judge (irubb has given liberal
aid til religious and chantable institutions,
and has taken an active interest in historical
and iither a.~sociations. lie is a mend)er and
director of the Historical Society of Delaware;
mendjer of the Delaware Society, and l)ej)uty
(iovei-nor-generul of the Genea-al Society of
Colonial Wars; member of Couiu'il of the
American Bar Association; member of the
American (ieological Society; vestrvunin of
Old Swedes' Trinity V. K. Church, Wilming-
(iiu, Del.; nu'udier of the Diocesan ( 'liundi
t iub lit Delaware, etc., eti'. Duriui; his vaca-
tions, for many years, he has sought health,
information and liberal culture in home and
foreign travel, and has visited many of the
most interesting portions of Europe., Asia and
Africa, as well as of America; including da-
jiau, ('liiua, India, Egypt, ile.xico, California,
hJritish America, Norway, Western and
Southern Europe, etc. With health restored,
l)hy.->ieal energies renewed, and mind re-
freshed and broadened by such wise and
wholesome means, Judge (irubb enters n])on
his duties under the new Constitution witli
I he pros]iect of many yeai'S of continued u~e-
lidiie-s to his Stat<' and credit lo himself.

EDCiAE ]\[. IIOOPES, Wilmington, Del.,
was born in ^Minerva, Ohio, October 2."), lS.">('i.
aiul at an early age took to the newspaper busi-
ness ;is a duck takes to water. His first elfort
in this direetiou was a.s local eorresjiondent for
the Cleveland, ()., Leader, the Canton, O.,
I.'rpositoi-ij, and the Alliance, O., lieview.
Having a natural liking for the imsiness, he
decided to adopt it as a ])rofessiou, and was
next eniidoved in the business office of the
Chicago, Hi., Times.

It M-as while he was thus engaged that he
was oifered and accepted the j)osition of ad-
vertising manager of the Wilmington, Del.,
Morning News, whicdi position he held at the

lime the Xews Publishing Company bought
out the pajjcr, and improved it greatly in many
ways. .Mr. lloopes t>ei-anie a stockhohler in
the paper at the earnest request of ilr. Isaac
Henderson, the former manager and jiart
owner of the Xew York Eceniny Post, and
the principal owner, with .Mr. Sperry, of the
Morning Xnrs, and was soon made "the busi-
ness manager of the paper, which position he
holds to-day. rn<Ier Air. lioopes's manage-
nuMit the pajier has become a good paying
])ropcity, and the leading Republican news-
paper of the state. An extended acquaint-
an<-e with the general advertisers of the East
has nuide him quite a power in this direction,
an<l Ills laurels have been won by fair dealing,
and strict attention to every ' detail of his
extended business atfaii's. IHs success is
wholly due to this fact, as well as to liis push
and energy.

in the summer of 1887 Air. lloopes was
made business manager of the Philadelphia
.\iirs as well, which position he tilled cred-
itably for nearly two years, dividing hi.-, time
between that paper and his own. He left the
^eir.s to assume a position as assistant ad-
vertising manager of the Philadelphia
I'res.'s, where he remained fi.r some two vears,
when he resigned, in order that he might more
ctfectually push the interests of his own paper,
and also the advertising interests of a list of
leading daily papers in the South, to which he
was then sending a great deal of Xoithern
business. During the time he was emidoyed
on the Press he also looked after the in'ter-
esfs of his own paj>er succes.sfully.

AJr. lloopes is now devoting his whole time
to his Wilmington jiaper, and the list of
paiicrs for which he works up special business.
1'his list embraces some of the best and lead-
ing papers of the country.

AVILLIA^l II. HEALD, Esq., Wilming-
ton, Del., son of Charles II. and Alarv E.
(Talley) Hcflld, was born in Wilmington, Au-
gust 27, lStl3.

The Ileald family is of English descent on
the paternal side, and its nicmliers have ftir
vears belonged to the Society of Friends.
Charles If. Ileald, father of AVilliam II.
Heald, was born in Philadelphia, October 1,
is;!;i, son of Eli and Eliza A. Heald.

Charles H. Heald received his education in
the schools of Wilmington and at the

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240

lUOGRA PHIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

aeaileiiiy at Charlottesville, N. Y., and after-
ward learned sliipbnilding iiiWilniii»gton,tlie
birthplace of so many ocean-going vessels, lie
has resided there all his life, and has devoted
all his attention to the construction of vessels.
He has been a director of the Pusey & Jones
Company, shipbuilders, from the date of its
, incorporation. He married Mary E., daugh-
ter of lliram W. and Margaret E. Talley.
They have two children: I. "William H. ; II.
Josephine.

AVilliam IT. ITeald attended the public
schools of Wilmington and was graduated
from the high school in 1S80. In that year
he entered the Sophomore class of Delaware
College, and was graduated therefrom in 1SS3,
bring the valedictorian of his class. lie im-
mediately began the study of law in the office
of Hon. Charles B. Lore, the present chief
justice of the State of Delaware. There he
mastered tlie elementary principles of law and
then entered the la^v school of Columbia Uni-
versity. In the spring of 1S8S he completed
Lis studies in that institution, received the de-
gree of LL. B., and began the practice of his
profession in AVashington, D. C. Before the
end of the year he was appointed National
Bank E.xaminer, and was placed in charge of
the National Banks in ^lontana, Oregon,
Idaho and Washington. This oflice he held
until 1895. In 1897 lie returned to Wil-
mington, and has practiced in the courts there
since then. Mr. lleald has always been a very
active Republican, and is at present secretary
of the liepulilican State committee, and Vice-
President of the Yoinig Men's Pepublican
Club.

CIIABLES W. DIGGANS, Wilmington,
Del., son of William and Elizabeth (Rum-
bold) Diggans, was born in Caroline county,
Md,, ]\[arch 5, 1852.

William Diggans was born in France in the
year 1800. After attaining manhood lie came
to tlie United States and settled in ^Maryland.
Subsequently he removed to Brandywine hun-
dred, New Castle county, Del., and made his
home there for ten years. At the end of that
period he returned to Maryland and was en-
gaged in farming and milling in Caroline
county for the remainder of his life. Wil-
liam Diggans married Elizalieth, daughter of
John and E Rumbold, born in Caro-
line county, Md. Their children were: I.

Hester (Mrs. Edward ilorris), of C'aroline
county, Md., widow; 11. Harriet (Mrs. Isaac
^lelvin). of Caroline county, Md., widow; III.
Louisa (J\Irs. Henry Sparks); IV. William
II.; V. Charles W.; VI. Sauiuel E.; and two
who died in childhond. William Diggans
died in 1859; his widow in lb91, aged sev-
enty-eight years.

Charles W. Diggans spent the first sixteen
years of his life in Caroline county, Jtld.,
where he was educated in the public schools.
In 1871 he entered the service of the Phila-
delphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad
Company, and was for twenly-one years its
eilicieiit agent at (^uecu Anne and Easton,
^Id. He also dealt extensively in grain, etc.,
and for four years Avas the largest shipper of
grain and coal in Maryland, outside of Bal-
timore. In J\ine, 1892, Mr. Diggans removed
to AVilmington, and has since been very suc-
cessfully engaged in the 'commission bu-i-
ness. In credit and reputation, he is of high
standing auumg bu^ine^s men of the city.
]\Ir. Diggans is a progressive citizen, and al-
Avays alert to promote the interests of Wil-
mington. For six years of his residence in
Caroline county, Md., he served as a justice
of the peace. He is a member of Nelson
Lodge, No. 39, I. 0. 0. F., of Caroline
county, ]\ld.; of Industry Lodge, No. 2, A. O.
U. W. ; and of Wilmington Conclave, No. 22,
I. O. IL, of Wilmington.

On January 11, 1870, in Caroline county,
!Md., Charh-s W. Diggans was nian-ied to
Emma A., daughter of William E. and Emily
(Kent) ]\rason, of (^uecn Anne county, ]\Id.
Their children are: I. Charles II. ; II. Earl
C.; III. Howard E., deceased. Mr. Diggans
is a member of the Union M. E. church and a
class leader in that denomination.

JOHN J. GALLAGHER, Wilmington,
Del., son of George ^l. and Elizabeth (Wat-
son^i Gallagher, was liorn in Wilniingtcm,
Del., August 12, 1842.

His great-grandfather, John Gallasher,
was a native of Ireland. lie married Susanna
]\IcElwce, who came to this country more
than a century ago. He died in 1808. They
had two children, John and Alice Anne, who
married Evan C. Stotsenburg, iron founder of
Wilmington, Del. His son, John, grand-
father of John J. Gallagher, was born in Mif-
flinburg, Pa., in 1795, and settled in Wil-

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STATE OF DELAWAIU'J

>43

iiiiiigton in 1S19. He was au iron founder.
Ho uiaiiied J\Iargaret, daughter of Cliristo-
phcr Stotsenburg. She was born in Wliite-
luaiah, Pa., March 8, 17^5, died February
G, 1SC5. Their children were: I. George M.;
II. John, 3, died young; was lieutenant in
the Tiiird and Seventh Delaware Kegiinents,
in the ^\Ulr of the Ivebellion; III. Alice (Mrs.
Hugh Ivoberts), of Xorristown, Pa., widow;
IX. William J., married Sarah lUioades, of
I'hoenixville, Pa., died August lU, lb04; V.
Charles H., a captain in the war of the Re-
bellion, married Eebecca Wilson, died Febru-
ary 10, ISDS. John Gallagher, 2, died in
Wilmington, October 2, 1825.

George M. Gallagher, eldest son of John,
2, and Margaret (Stotsenberg) Gallagher, was
born in Philadelphia, November 19, 1817. In
that city he spent his boyhood, and afterwards
learned the iron foundry business in W^il-
mington, Del. He worked at this trade in
Philadelphia and Wilmington until 1887, the
last twenty-two years of this time as foreman
of the foundry of the Betts Machine Com-
}>any, of Wilmington. Since 1887 he has
li\e(l a retired life. He married Elizabeth,
daughter of George and Julia Ann (Picker-
ing) Watson. Mrs. Gallagher was born in
Parnsley, Yorkshire, England, November 25,
1819. Mr. and Mrs. Gallagher had children:
I. John J.; II. Julia A. P.; III. George W.,
died young; IV. Francis E., in business with
his brother John J., in ""Wilmington, married
Penlaii Kmma Talley; V. Pev. William H.,
rector of St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal
Church of East Saginaw, Jlich., marrie<l
Anne Dunkin Dill, of Albany, N. Y.; VI.
Enoch, died young; ^^11. Elizabeth, died in
infancy.

George Watson, maternal grandfather of
John J. Gallagher, was born and married in
England. He came to America about 1821
and settled in Philadelphia, where he resided
Tintil his death. His wife was Julia Ann,
daughter of Michael Pickering, of Yorkshire,
England. They had eleven children, seven
sons and four daughters. All are dead except
Jfrs. George j\I. Gallagher.- One son lived to
be eighty-nine years old, and two daughters
and one son lived over eighty-one years, ilr.
AVatson died September 5, 1875, having at-
tained the remarkable age of one hundred and
three years.

John J. Gallagher was taken by his ])ar-

ents to Philadelphia when only three years
old, and remained there until 1S53, when the
family returned to Wilmington. He was
educated in the public schools of both cities.
In 1857 he entered the pharmacy of W. B.
Kinsey as a clerk. In 18G2 he established a
]/harmaceutical store on his own account, and
lias conducted it to the present time. Mr.
Gallagher is a member of Hope Lodge, No.
21, and Peynolds Encampment, No. 3, I. 0.
O. F., and is a past grand nniater and past
grand representative of that order; a member
of V) ihnington Lodge, Xo. 1, A. O. U. W.,
and a past grand master and past supreme rep-
resentative of that order; member of W^il-
luington Conclave, No. 22, I. O. II., and
member of AVilmington Senate, No. 102, K.
A. J']. 0., and a member of Wilmington
Lodge, No. 307, B. P. O. E.

In politics, ilr. Gallagher is a Pepublican,
and was elected a I>evy Court commissioner in
November, 1892, and re-elected in 1896, a
fact which demonstrates his ability and popu-
larity.

]\rr. Gallagher is unmarried and resides at
home with his ])arents. The members of the
familv attend St. Andrew's P. E. church.

WlLLlA:i[ PEILLY, Wilmington, Del.,
son of John and Elizabetli (McCloskey)
Peilly, was born in Liverpool, England, Au-
gust 25, 1839.

His parents were natives of Ireland. His
father was born in County Monaghan, Jan-
uary 1, ISOO. ]\rrs. Peilly was born in County
Cavan. Both spent their early years in Ire-
land, where !Mr. Peilly learned wagon-mak-
ing. After their marriage they removed to
Newcastle-on-Tyne, England, and subsequent-
ly to Liverpool. In the latter city Mr. Peilly
worked for twenty years as a wheelwright
for the contractors in the constniction of the
great docks which have made its harbor cele-
brated. In 1852, John Peilly came to Amer-
ica, and two years later his family followed
him. His first home was in the district of
Port Pichmond, Philadelphia, where he was
engaged in wagon-making. In 1857 he re-
moved to ifissouri and settled in Bollinger
County, on laud jmrchased from the United
States government. In that far western
coimtry ISlr. Peilly and his family were
among the pioneers; they cleared the land,
built a home for themselves, and were en-

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ill !.j

244

mOGRA PIJICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

gaged in the cultivation of the soil until 1861,
wiii'U the Civil War came upon tlie couutrv:
The Zollinger County officials and the promi-
nent citizens espoused the cause of the Con-
fciicracy, and liastL-ned to cm'oU ihumsidves in
its army. John IJcilly, on the contrary, was
a .-tauL-li upholder of the Union; and liis sous,
■ Pliilip A., John A. and AViiliam esjKJUsed
the same cause. For this loyalty to their
adopted country, they were persecuted by
their neighbors who had joined JetT. Thomp-
son's guerrilla band, and many times was tlieir
honiL- raided at night. Mr. licilly and his
family were comparative strangers, with none
to extend help or even sympatliy, and were
finally forced to abandon their farm and re-
move to Cairo, 111. In that city John IJeilly
secured employment at his trade until tlie
close of the war. In 18G5 he found it safe
to return to his farm and lived there, improv-
ing ills acres, until 1S73; he then returned to
riiihulelphia, and resided with his daughter
until his death.

John licilly's ciiihlren were: 1. Ann (^Irs.
I'atrick Mcilanus), widow; Mr. ]\lc^Ianus,
who was a steandjoat engineer, fell from tlie
steamer Fultuii into tlii' Ohio Iviver, btdow
Louisville, Ky., and was drowned, in October,
Lsj)!*; II. Pliilip A., a private in Company IJ,
Tweiity-nintli Kegimcnt, ^Iiss<Miri \%)]iiii-
ters, died in Andersonville prison; III. Eliza-
beth (ilre. George Einwechter), of riiiladel-
phia; IV. Mary A. (Mrs. Leonard Voos), de-
ceased; !Mr. Voos died in Bollinger county,
Mo., in 18G7; V. John A., farmer residing
in l)(Jlinger County, !Mo. ; VI. "William.
John Reilly died in Philadelphia, ^Ihy 12,
1883; :Mi-s. Eeillv died in Missouri, July :5,
1805.

AVilliam Peilly attended school in Liver-
pool, England, and in 1854, at the age of tif-
lecn, he eanu^ to .\merica with his mother an<l
learned wagon-making in his father's shop in
Port Pichmontl, Pa. In lS."i(» ho went to
Fredcrica, Kent county, Del., where lie
worked at his trade one year. lie retunu^d
to Philadelphia in the spring of Isin and in
the fall removed to Bollinger county, ^fo.,
with his parents. In August, ISDl, William
Keilly responded to the call for troops for the
defense of the Union, enli>ting in a company
organized for service against tlie guerrillas,
who were devastating portions of Afissoiiri.
!Mr. Peilly's company wa< consolidated witli

the Twelfth Missouri Cavalry. Upon the
organization of the Company lie was electeil
lieutenanl, and detailed for "duty as adjutant
and afterward as quartermaster with the rank
of captain. In lbG4 he resigned his commis-
siuii, removed with his parciitdt(j Cairo, 111., for
safety, and engaged there at his trade until
ISCo, when he went to Philadelphia. In the
succeeding year he again made his home in
Fredcrica, i)(d., and re-established his wagon-
making business there. In 1S72, he went
back to Missouri, but after three years came
back east to Frederiea. A year later he re-
moved liis carriage factory to Dover, Del., and
operated it there until 1S89. Then he trans-
ferred his business to Wilmington, and has
for the past nine years built light ami heavy
wagons, carriages, etc., in that city. He has
been a successful business man. T\vice Mr.
Peilly was elected a member of the city coun-
cil of Dover, and as a meclianic of ability, was
l)laced in the responsible position of "ehair-
nian of the water dejiartment. When Colonel
John P. Donahoe was elected national com-
niander of the Union Veteran Legion, at
AVasliington, D. C., in 189G, he appointed Mr.
Keilly adjutant general, and Mr. Peilly has
worked faithfully for the advancement of the
Legion, lie is a member of Phil. Sheridan
Post, Xo. L'3, (}. A. E., and of Encampment
Xo. ;54, Union Veteran Legion. Politicallv,
-Mr. IJeilly is a Democrat. In February, 18'JS,
-Mr. Keilly was appointed assistant adjutant
geiieial of the (!. A. P., department of Dela-
^v;u■e.

On August 28, 1SG4, in Philadelphia,
William licilly married Catharine ('., daugh-
ter of Micliael and Ann (Hughes) Peed. Their
children are: 1. Anna; 11. AVilliam, died in
ehildhood; III. Alary; IA^ Catharine, died in
childhood; Y. Frank; VI. (ieorge, died in in-
fancy; AMI. Elizabeth. Mr. Peillv and his
family attend St. Peter's P. C. chu'ivh.

AVTLLTA.M IL LUXCxKEX, AVilmington,
Del., .son .,f John and Eliza (("ameron) Lun-
gren, was born near Xewark, Xew Castle
'■"Uiity. Del,, October 2?, 18,37.

His paternal ancestoi-s were Swedes. Two
l.rothers Lungren came to America from
Smohind, Swe<lcn, eariv in colonial times, am]
.settled in Pennsylvania. One of them, John
Lungren, born Afay ], 1751, died Alarcli 5,
181(;, was a great-gran.] father of William IL

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I , .'.l'

STATE OF DEL AW ABE

245

l.iiiif^ren. liis son William Liingren was born
in riiihuklphia, May 10, 1778, was a paper
luaniifacturer and lived in Pennsylvania un-
til Ins death. lie was twice married. His lirst
wife was Hannah James. Their children
were: I. Edwin L. ; II. Ferdinand L. ; III. Al-
fred L. ; IV. Kmily Anna L. ; V. John Charles
J..; \l. AVilliam Pallifo.x L.; Vll. One who
died unnamed; Vlll. Hanson K.; IX. Gar-
rett L. ; X. Charles Hemphill L. Mrs. Hannah
(James) lainiiren died June ^2, 1817. Wil-
liam Lungren's second M'ife was Jane Di.\
Smith. Their children were: I. Hannah
Eliza L. ; II. Henrietta Josephine L. ; III.
Sarah Jane L.; IV. Samuel Smith L. ; V.
Henry Hale Graham L.

William Lungren died in Philadelphia,
July 2',), 184G, and was buried in the grave-
yard of the Old Swedes' Church, Philadel-
phia.

John Charles Lungren, fifth child of Wil-
liam and Hannah (James) Lungren, was born
in Philadelphia, June 20, 1809. He was en-
gaged in the manufacture of paper in Penn-
sylvania during his early years, but while yet
a young man, removed to Cecil county, ^Id.
In 1S4S he returned to Delaware, settled on
the lirandywine creek, and was again en-
gaged in paper-making, in the Augustine
]\Iills. His later years were passed in Wil-
mington. John Lungren was married, Janu-
ary 14, 1830, to Eliza Cameron, who was born
Decendier 25, 1811. Their cluldren were:
I. :Mary Ann (Mrs. Samuel Baldwin), of Wil-
mington, hml children, i. J. Frank, ii. Wil-
liam lliury, iii. Samuel, iv. Delaware; II.
Hannah Eliza (ilrs. Amos Brown), deceased,
had children, i. Amelia (Mrs. John William-
son), ii. William, deceased, iii. John, iv.
Delvav, v. ^tfary CShs. Daniel P. Gookin), vi.
Amos'; IIL Sarah Jane, died in 18.S3; IV.
William II.; V. John T., married Mary
Lewis, of Baltimore, has one daughter, Eliza-
beth L. i:\rrs. Ella Clark); Vl. Xorris L., mar-
ried Sarah Boidden; VII. Robert Cloud, died
in childhood; VIII. James C, died from
wounds received near Petersburg, Va., dur-
ing the Civil War; IX. ]{andol])h C. John
Lungren died in Wilmington, September 21,
1888; his widow died in the same city, April
15, 1892.

William II. Lungren, fourth child of Jolin
and Eliza (Cameron) Lungren, resided in
<'hfstcr county, Pa., and Cecil county, ^fd.,

until he was ten years of age, and was a pupil
in the public schools. On December I'J, 1853,
he entered the shops of the P., \V. A: B. Ii.
P. Co., at Wilmington, as car builder's ap-
prentice. 'I'his apprenticeship terminated
October 27, 1858, and so capable had the
young man proved himself that he was trans-
ferred from the shops to the road. His duties
under this appointment were to follow the 1'.,
W. dc B. cars tised for carrying merchandise
over the B. iSz O. II. I{. between Philadelphia
and the (Jhio liiver, with a view to securing
their promjjt movement. In less than a year
he was promoted, September 1, 1859, to fore-
man of car inspectors at the Prc.-ident street
station, Baltimore, Md., where he remained
five years; he was then again assigned to road
duty, ou his own application, because of fail-
ing health. For the next eighteen months
'Mr. Ltmgren traveled over the road, making
exannnations of car equipments. By the end
of this {)eriod his health was restored, and he
rctin-ned to his position at President street
station, and remained there until 1875. In
May of that year he was appointed master car
builder at the Wilmington car shops, with
control of car equipments for purposes of re-
pairing and rebuilding. That position he still
hold.s, having been for forty-five years in the
employ of the P., W. & B. R. P. Co.

AV'illiam H. Lungren Wius married in Wil-
nungton, March 8, ISGG, to Mariiuia, daugh-
ter of James and Deborah P. (ISTewlin) Guth-
rie, of Wilmington. Their children are: I.
Frank, died in childhood; II. Lila Cameron;
IIL W. Harry; IV. Jessie.

JAMES II. CLAPK, deputy United States
marshal, Delaware City, A^'w Cattle county,
Del., son of John and C. Clark, was born in
Bed Lion hundred, near Delaware City, New
Castle county, Del., ^Tovember .19, 1844.

He began his education in the public
schools of his viciiuty, then attended a private
school in llartsville, Pa., and finally entered
S;iun(k'rs' military academy, Philadelphia.
After completing his couree there, he re-
turned to his home in Bed Lion hundred and
engaged in fanning. lie is owner and occu-
pant of the original homestead farm, which
has been in the possessi<jn of the family for
six generations. ^Ir. Clark conducts a whole-
sale and retail coal business in Delaware City,
lie was a mend)cr of the New Castle county

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24G

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLUPJWIA

Levy Court for two years, has always been
iimcli interested in educational matters, and
was for nine j'ears clei-k of the board of school
coniniissionei-s for School District JSTo. 5, Red
Lion hundred. In 1897 he was appointed a
deputy United States marshal for Delaware,
\ and was sworn into office October 11 of that
' year, lie is a member of the A. O. U. W.
of St. (leorge's. ilr. Clark is an active Ive-
piiblican, and has rendered his party much
valuable service. For thirty years he has been
a member of the New Castle county commit-
tee.

On February 2, 1865, in Delaware City,
James II. Clark was married to Sarah, daugh-
ter of George G. C^leaver, Sr., and Jane
(Deal) Cleaver, of Delaware City. Their chil-
dren are: I. Courtland S.; II. John C; III.
Jennie C; IV. William D. ]\Ir. Clark is a
trustee of St. George's Presbyterian church.

JOHN F. DALEY, Wilmington, Del., son
of Patrick and Catliarine (Hayes) Daley, was
born in Bellefonte, Pa., May 15, 1SG2.

His ancestors were of Irish extraction.
Martin Daley, his grandfather, was born in
County Galway, Ireland, and came to this
country about 1830, settling in Bellefonte,
Centre county, Pa. A short time after he
removed to Delaware, selecting as his place
of resi<lence DuPont's Banks, in Christiana
hundred. New Castlo coiinty. Here he lived
until his death, which was caused by a sun-
stroke. His cliildren were: I. Patrick; II.
Catharine (ill's. Tliomas Connor); 111. ilar-
tin; IV. Mai7 (ifrs. William Kelly); V.
Bridget (ilrs. John Cun-y); VI. ilargaret
(ilrs. Louis Gallagher).

Patrick Daley was born in the city of Gal-
way, Irelaml, and when a young man accom-
])anicd his parents to America. He resided
for a brief period in New York, then spent a
number of years in New Castle eoupty, Del.,
ait^ afterwards removed to Bellefonte, Pa.
There he was actively engaged in the iron
mills until 180,3, when he returned to Dela-
ware, and took up his residence with his par-
ents at DuPont's Banks. He entered the
employ of the DnPont Powder Com]xiny,
and was retained there, on ac(!ount of his cf-
ficienc}', for thirty years. After this long
period of constant labor, ^Mr. Daley retired
friiiii active work, and for tlie jia-t thirteen

years has resided in Wilmington. On May
14, 1851, I'atriek Daley married Catharine
Hayes. Their children are: I. ^largaret (Mrs.
James Gill); 11. Mary (Mrs. John Gill); III.
Annie; 1\'. ( 'athariiie, died in infancy; V.
John F. ; ^'I. Catharine; VII. James, died in
childhood; VIII. Bllen (Mrs. Bernard Mc-
Laughlin); IX. William, died in childhood;
X. Jennie; XI. A\'illiani, died in childhood.

John F. Daley received his education in the
public and parochial schools of Christiana
hundred, New Castle county, Del. When ho
had completed his studies, he engaged in the
gTocery business and continued in it until
February, 1891, when he retired from mer-
cantile pursuits. On Ajiril 28th of the same
year he was appointed a justice of the peace
for Wilmington, and on November 2Gth fol-
lowing was commissioned a notary public.
Both appointments were made by Governor
Kobert J. Peynolds. As a public official Mr.
Daley has proven himself very capable, ac-
curate in his rendering of the law and just
in his decisions, ilr. Daley is a member of
the Catholic Benevolent Legion and of the
Ancient Order of Hibernians. He is a staunch
Democrat and has rendered good service to
his party.

On June 3, 1891, at St. James' Protectory,
Reybold, New Castle county, John F. Daley
married ilargaret A., daughter of e.x-Sheriff
Thomas Ford, of New Castle county, and
Mary (Bunco) Ford. Their children are: I.
Thomas F. ; IL Joseph; III. John F.; IV.
Catharine; V. Alice, deceased; VI. F. Wal-
ter. Mr. Daley and family are members of
St. Paul's P. V,. churcli.

JOHN CANNON SHORT, United States
Marshal, Wilmington, Del., son of Gillet G.
and Ann (Prettyinau) Short, was bom in
Nanticokc hundred, Sussex county, Del., Sep-
tember 29, 1829.

His ancestors were of English stock. In
the early settlement of Delaware four brothers
Ijearing the name of Short took a prominent
part. They came here from Virginia and set-
tled in Kent and Sussex counties. One of
them, Daniel, great-grandfather of John Can-
non Short, selected for his home a tract of iifty
acres of what was then the government land,
and is now included in Nanticoke hundred,
Sussex Cdinity. This jiroperty is still in the

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STATE OF DELAWARE

M7

possession of I'is descendants. Daniel Short
was engai^ed in agricultural pursuits until his
death. Une of his- sons was John.

John iShort was born in Xantieoke luuulred
and never removed from his farm. ]Ie mar-
rieil a iliss (jillet. Their children were: 1.
Elizabeth; 11. Alia; III. Ellen; IV. Daniel;
V. Gillct 0.; YI. John.

Ciillet 0, Short, lifth child of John and
— — (Gilletj Short, Avas born on the homestead
farm, and spiyit his entire life there, excepting
a short period during the war of 1812, when
he served in the army with the rank of colo-
nel, and was stationed with his regiment at
Lewes, Del. Gillet G. Short married Ann,
daughter of Burton and Mary Prettynian,
and had children: I. John lEU, died in child-
hood; II. Elizabeth P. (Mrs. Nicholas O.
Smith), deceased; III. Mary Ann (Mrs. Wil-
liam Swain), deceased; IV. Alfred, of Ellen-
dale, Sussex county, married j\[;u'garet Kat-
ton; V. Daniel li., deceased, married ilatilda
Melson; \1. William, of Sussex county, mar-
ried first to Rebecca Ann Jones, the second
time to ]\Iary I3rittingham; VII. Hester Jane
(Mrs. William P. Day), deceased; VIII. Gil-
let M., married Nancy McCauley, both de-
ceased; IX. Sina, widow of John McCauley,
of Wihnington; X. John Cannon; XI. Perry,
died in infancy.

John Cannon Shoi't, tenth child of Gillet
G. and Ann (Prettyman) Short, received the
limited common school education usually
given to fanners' sons at that time. He was
born on the homestead place, and resided
there until October, 1897. On October 14,
1SG2, he enlisted in Company B, Sixth Dela-
ware A'olunteer Infantry, for the war of the
Pebellion, and served nine months as a pri-
■vate. On September 2, 18(33, he re-enlisted in
the Xinth Pegiment, Delaware Volunteers,
and was made second lieutenant. Soon after
he was promoted to a tirst lieutenancy, and con-
tinued in that capacity for one hundred and
forty-five days; at the end of that jieriod his
term cjf i^stment expired, ilr. Short was
formerly a pronounced Whig, but upon the
disintegration of that party he turned to the
newly-formed liepublican organization, and
has for years been one of his party's counsel-
ors and tircdess workers. On October 11,
1S97, he was appointi^d a United States 1\ax-
shal fur the District of Delaware. Ue is a
'member of Col. Layton Post, ISTo. 18, G. A.
P., of Georgetown, Del.

John Cannon Short was married, in Nanti-
coke hundred, November 22, 1853, to Sarah,
daughter of John and Eovey Day. Mrs.
Short was born in Nanticoke hundred. Their
chiKlren are: I. ^lartin (!., of Lewes, Del.,
married Catharine ilorris; 11. All)ert P., of
I'hiladidphia, married Lydia McCauk'y; III.
Lina (ilrs. Joseph Alacklin), of Wilmington;
\\ . Elmer ('., deceased; V. Norris S., of Xan-
ticoke hundred, marrieil JIary Pliillips; VI.
Lilly O., deceased; VII. Annie L. ; VI 11.
John, deceased; IX. Lilly E. J., teacher in
public schools; X. Henry C; XI. William D.,
deceased; XII. i\[ary Alice. Mr. Short and
family attend the il. E. church, of which the
iormer has been a member for forty years, for
the greater part of the time serving as a stew-
ard and a trustee.

W^ILLIAM II. PI EPSON, Wilmington,
Del., son of Joseith and Olive (Day) Pierson,
was born in Wilmington, August 2t), 1838.

His ancestors came from England. Abra-
ham, Thomas, Henry and John Pierson left
their homes there and sought here that relief
from persecution on account of their i-eligious
views which they could not obtain in the land
of their birth. The descendants of those
worthy pioneers have proved to bo good and
useful citizens. As a family, the Piersons are
intellectual and well educated; many of them
have graduated from colleges, and have tilled
posts of honor; others, with fewer educational
advantages, have still served their country
and their generation faithfully and well. Un-
demonstrative in manner, inheriting their
share of English resi'r\-e, they are straightfor-
ward and honorable, independent in thought
and action, faithful in all the relations of life,
and reverent to the religion of their fathers.

Various suggestions have been made as to
the origin of the family name. Some quote
"The rays of the sun pierce," etc.; but the
members of the family, more plausibly, think
that it signifies ''Peter's son," and that it
originated from either the French Pierre or
the Danish Pier. Of five ways of writing the
name — Pierson, Pearson, Person, Piersons
and Parsons — Pierson is considered the near-
est approach to the original patronymic.

A reunion of the family, held at the old
homestead at Southwood, near Hockessin,
Del., now occupied by Philip Pierson, called
together two hundred and thirty-five members
tif the family. Among this number, which

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248

BIOGRAPHICAL I'JNCYCLOPEDIA

included representatives of four states, New
York, Pennsylvania, Maryland and Delaware,
were children, grandcliildren and great-grand-
children of John Pierson, Sr., and Susan
((iandde) Pierson; of William Pierson,
Josei)h Pierson, Thonia.s Pierson, Ivutli
!Moore, ilary Wilson, Laban, Auios and Isaac
Pierson.

John Pierson^ Sr., settled in ilaryland in
1037, and John Pierson, Jr., followed hiin in
1G43. Their descendants still reside in that
state. Rev. Abraham Pierson found liis new
home in Boston, Mass., in 1089, and liis pos-
terity' is found principally in New York, New
Jersey and Connecticut.

Family records show that Joseph Piei-son,
Sr., grandfather of William 11. Pierson, was
born in Pennsylvania in 1700. Settling in
Wilmington, he became the owner and laud-
lord of the Black Bear hostelry, situated
where now stands the post office. He also
owned the old Cross Keys Inn, at the corner
of Delaware avenue and Adams street. The
inn-keeper's license, granted to him in 182(3,
is in the possession of Mr. W. 11. Pierson.
In those ante-railroad days, merchandise of
all descriptionswas transpnrted in loug,heavy,
broad-wheeled C'onestoga wagons, drawn hv
five or six horses, each animal bearing on his
shoulders a brace of bells, the merry ringing
of which could be heard more than a mile
away. ilr. Pierson's inns were stopping places
for the teamsters between Lancaster and Bal-
timore. Joseph Pierson had sons: I. Thomas;
II. John; III. Joseph, Jr.; IV. Wilson; V.
Jacob; and one daughter, Sarah (]\rrs. Joseph
Pyle).

Joseph Pierson, Jr., was born in Wilming-
ton, in 1807, and resided there during the
greater part of his life. He was a millwright
and pattern maker. In 1S30 he married
Olive Day, of New Jersey; their children are
as follows: I. Joseph Day, born in 1832, mar-
ried Eliza Stephenson, has children, i. Olive
K., ii. riysse-i O.: IT. John L., born in 1S31,
'jiuirried Sarah M. Ilendrickson, has children,
i. Willis II. and ii. Annie W., twins, iii.
Courtland ( '., married and has three children,
iv. Elmer E. , v. Edson, deceased; III. George
W., born in 183G, deceased; IV. William 11.,
born in 1838; V. Emma E. (ifrs. Thomas
Ilolliday), born in 1840, has cliildren, one
son aiul one daughter; VI. George G., born
in 1843, married Ellen Kelley, has children.

a son and four daughters, i. Norman, ii. Ir<

ma, iii. Margaret, iv. Ellen, v.

VII. Newlin, born in 18i5, mamed EUeu
Walker; VIII. Alfurd ]\[., born in 1848, mar-
ried .Mary Pyau, has children, i. Harry, ii.
ilartha; JX. Achilles, born in 1851, deceased;
X. ilartha E., born in 1853; XI. Charles G.,
born in 1855, mamed Susan Weldon, has
children, i. Josei)h P., ii. Emma (i., iii.
Charles G., Jr.; iv. Olive D., v. Ferris W., vi.
Walter Leon, vii. Elsie -May, viii. Jlarvey
Lesley, ix. Pobert.

The fourth son of this family, William H.
Pierson, was educated in the schools of Wil-
mington, ] )el. At the age of twelve years, he
gecured a jio^ition as salesman in a store, and
at sixteen apprenticed himself to a pattern
maker. He worked at liis trade until 1802,
when he formed a co-partnership with his
brother, Joseph I). Pierson, and engaged in
pattern-making. These business relations were
dissolved in 1809 by the death of Joseph D.
Pierson. Since 1871, Mr. Pierson has been
dealing in sixshes, shutters, doors, blinds,
frame mouldings and other articles employed
■ in buihling. On September 2, 1882, a dis-
astrous conflagration completely destroyed
liis warehouse and stock, but he immediately
resumed business. Mr. Pierson is a member
of Delaware Lodge, No. 1, I. O. O. F.; Dela-
ware Encaiiii)ment, I. O. O. F. ; Lafayette
Lodge, No. 2, K. of P.; the National Pro^-i-
deut Union of Wilmington; Industry Lodge,
No. 2, A. O. U. AV., of Delaware, anil Eureka
Lodge, No. 1, Junior 0. LT. A. M. lie votes
with the Republican party.

William II. Pierson was married in Wil-
mington, November 29, 1859, to Melinda A.,
daughter of David and Margaret Ilendrick-
son, and had children: I. Harry II., born in
1800, decea.^ed; II. Frank W., "born in 1SG5,
married Laura Heritage; III. George (i., born
in 1870; IV. AVilliain Harry, born in 1875.
^fi-s. ]\[eliii(la A. Pierson died October 29,
1884. ifr. Pierson was married the second
time, January 10, 1885, to 7\nnie E,, daugh-
ter of William and Maria Sharp.

ALBERT B. GILLESPIE, AVilmington,
Del., son of Franklin and Eliza Jane (Eaves)
Gillespie, was born in Harford countv, Md.,
June G, 1830.

His grandfather, George Gillespie, was a
native of Ne\vark, New Castle county, Del.,

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J 1 '.././ K ,-. 1 1

STATE OF DELA^VAUE

249

where iie rebided tlirougliout liis life, lie was
a fanuer. iie luarried xViiss iilvaus, aud iiad a
larye family, aiiioiig wiiuiu were five daugLi-
lei>, wliu were celebrated fur their beauty;
liny Were euusidered tlie handsomest wuiiieu
of their day in the state. Twu ol his sons, witli
these chiiighters, are as follows:

i. Thomas Jefferson, married -Mary,
daughter of John and Aiary Eave-s, resided
ill Cecil county, Md., and had children, i.
( iceii'^c, who died in Cecil county, and \v;is
Ijui'ied in Xottingliam churchyard, was mar-
ried lir;-t to Alary Frances Anistrong, of jN'ew-
ark, Del., deceased, and afterwards to Jane
Anna C'lendenning, who survives him, ii.
'ihomas IJradeii, of Cecil county, iii. i'^liza-
l.eth, deceased, iv. Susi^n, decea:5ed, v. Will-
iam Eaves, of Cecil county, Md., married
Alary lowing. Thomas J. Gillespie and his
wife died in ( 'ecil county, J\ld.. and are ])urie(l
in Niittintiliaiii cliurchyard ;

II. i'rauklin;

III. .Mariiarct, married Kirkwood,

renioveil lu W'lieeling, W. Va., aiul afterwards
to ()hi(j, where they founded the town of
Kirkwoo<l, and whore both died and were
liuried, leavine' eight daughters;

IV. Alary (Airs. William l)e Shane Eaves),
of Xcw London, Chester county, Pa.;

V. Agnes, married Evans, of New-
ark, Del., wliere both died, and are interred
at Tiead of Christiana church;

VI. Elizabeth, married James Hodgson, of
Chester county. Pa., both deceased, and their
remains are interred at Pock church;

A^ll. ilanuah, married Andrew Kerr, of
Newark, Di-l., had cliildren, i. Aiary, de-
censed, ii. C.eorge, of the vicinitv of Xowark,
r)el., iii. James, deceased. Air. and Afi-s.
Kerr lioth died, and w(>re buried at Head of
CJiristiana church.

Eranklin (!illes])ie was born near Newark,
r)el.. and was for eiahteen years the ahlc and
tru:-ted uianagei' of Harford City Iron Fur-
nace. He ])assed the autumn of his life in
Chester comity, Pa., with his excelh'ut wife,
Eli/.a^ue (Eaves) Gillespie, and had cliil-
dren,-^ho are as follows: i. Alberl P.; II.
Alary E. (Airs. Josepli Seaver), of Piiiladel-
])hia; III. John Eaves, Ai. T)., who became a
surgeon in the F. S. Navy, died in Philadol-
jihia, and was interred in the cemeterv at New
London, Pn.: IA\ Georoe E., of New London,
Pa.; V. Jennie L\, of Philadelphia. Franklin

Gillespie and his wife both died in Chester
county, aud their remains rest in the cemetery
at New London.

At the time when the family removed to
tiiat place, Albert P. (iillcspie was ten years
of age; he resided at New London until ho
readied bis majority, being educated at the
academy of that town, and afterwards assist-
ing in the cultivation of the home farm. At
the age of twenty-one, he became a clerk in
the grocery store of James Alorrow, of Wil-
mington, Del., in whose employ he continued
for ten years. In 1870 he went to St. Louis,
AIo., from which city he returned in lS7i) to
Wilmington, where he liegan business for
hinisidf in the earliest established grocery in
tho cily; it was opened in IbKJl), by AVasli-
iiigtoii Pii-e and Air. Gillespie's grand-uncle,
Thomas Praden. I'nder the judicious and re-
liable management of its present proprietor,
the business of this always prosperous estab-
lishment has been largely extended. Air. Gil-
lespie enjoys the confidence of all wh<3 have
bll.-ines^ relations witli him. He was formerly
associated with several societies, but his con-
nection witli them has been severetl. He is a
;U])pc rtci' of Heptddican jirinciples.

Albert 15. Gillespie was married in the Cen-
tral Presbyterian church, of AVilmington,
Alay 2, Ib/O, by Pev. Charles 1). Shaw, to

ludiecca, daughter of and

Elizabetli "Wilson. Their children are: I.
Elizabeth AV. (Airs. AValter L. Butler); IL
Al ary Eaves. Air. Gillespie and his family are
members of the Central l^re.sbytorian church.

The Eaves family are, as has been shown,
(Icjsely connected with the Gillespie family,
thi-ough several interinaiTiagcs. The brothers
.J(din and AVilliam De Shane leaves were born
in New Castle, Del. John Eaves married,
and had children, as follows: I. Susau, mar-
lied Adam Alexander, a native of New Lon-
don, Pa., who removed to Piqua, Ohio, and
there died, leaving a large family; II. Alary
(Airs. Thomas Jeffer.soii (iilles]iie), whose
family is described above; III. Eliza Jane
(Airs. Franklin Gillespie); lA'^. John Eaves,
Jr., died and was buried in St. Louis, AIo.

AVilliam ] )e Shane Eaves, who resided in
New Lon<loii, Pa., was for many years a tan-
ner. He first married Aliss Ferris, of Glas-
gow, D(l. llieir children were: 1. Alarga-

ret, \\\h) married Dr. Aiken, of New

London, Pa.; IL James E., mariled Alartha

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250

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Strawbridge, liaJ thildren) i. William D., of
New London, Ta., ii. James Strawbridge, M.
1)., also of New Loudon; iii. Albert, died and
was buried at New ].ondon, where James E.
Kavci and bis wife also died and are interred;
11 L Amos Ferris, married and died in Wil-
mington, Del., and was buried at Oxford,
Chester county, Pa.; IV. Bertha Ferris, mar-
ried James j^Iorrow, of AVilmington, where
both died and were interred in the Wilming-
ton and Brandywine eemetery^ leaving sons,
i. AVilliam Eaves, ii. Eobert Du Bois, iii.
James C'leland, iv. Louis Bush, all residing in
Wilmington. The first wife of William D.
Eaves died and was buried at New London,
I'a. He afterwards married Mary Gillespie,
daughter of (ieorge Gillespie, as stated above.
Both died in Wilmington, and were interred
at IS^tw Loudon, Chester county. Pa.

II. James, married to Irene Williams, April
L'2, IS'JU, has one child, Eleanor. Jlr. and
,Mrs. Williams attend Olivet Presbyterian
ehm-ch.

WILLIAM D. AVILLIAMS, Wilmington,
Del., son of William and Nancy (Biirtuu)
AVilliams, was born in AVhceliiig, W. Va.,
January 3, 1S33.

His grandfather, John Williams, was a resi-
dent of Ohio and a soldier in the Revolution-
ary War. His father, William Williams, a
steamboat engineer, was born and died in
West A'irginia. William Williams was three
times married. His tii-st wife was Nancy
Burton; they had three children, of whom
William D. is one. The name of Mr. Wil-
liams' second wife is not known. He was
wedded the third time to Sarah Green; of
their three children, two survive: I. Martha-
XL John.

William D. Williams was educated in the
private schools in Wheeling, and afterward
learned tinsmithing in that city. In ISOO he
came to Wilmington and worked at his trade,
establishing himself in business on his own
account soon after his arrival here. By care-
ful attention and untiring energy he acquired
a large business connection, and is now the
head of the firm of AA'illiams & Hopkins,
dealers in stoves and tinware. His political
views are liberal; he is not active in partisan
■^^ contests, but votes for such candidates as ho
believes best equipped for the iluties of the
various offices to be filled.

William D. Williams married Margaret
Hawthorne, in Utica, N. Y. They have two
children, both residing in WilniinKtou: T.
Martha, unmarried, born January 8, 1874;

JONES GUTHUIE, Wilmington, Del.,
son of Adam and Pliebe (Jones) tJuthrie, was
born in Chester county. Pa., August 13, 1836.
His ancestors on his father's side were
Scotch-Irish, and on his mother's side na-
tives of Wales. His paternal great-grand-
father was a man of splendid physical devel-
opment, over six feet in height. He lived for
some time in Chester county and then went
to the West, where he died. Mr. Guthrie's
maternal grandfather, Moses Jones, was born
in Chester county and lived there until his
death. His home was about four miles from
AVest Chester. He married Phebe ilcrcer,
also a life-long resident of Chester county.
j\Ir. Jones was one of the jtillars of the ]\I. E.
church at the "Old Cirove" in Chester county.
The paternal grandfather of Jones Guthrie
was a native of Chester county, whose son,
Adam Guthrie, was also born in that county,
and there devoted himself tliroughout his life-
time to agricultural pursuits. Adam Guthrie
married Phebe, daughter of iloses Jones.
They had thirteen children: I. Jones; II.
Sarah, widow of Lewis Mendenliall; III.
Pliebe, widow of William Hill; IV. Annie,
deceased, wife of George W. Vernon, editor
of the Wilmington /i't7>»?//icaH; V. Jo-eph,
deceased; VI. ^Mary, widow of Alexander J.
Larabee; VII. L'ichard; VIII. John, killed
in the war of the Kebellion; IX. William, of
Wilmingt<in; X. Emeline (Mrs. Joseph David-
son); XL Hannah (]\Irs. Bayard Shaladey).
I'wo children died in infancy.

-loiies Guthrie was a fanner's son, and his
early life was a counterpart of that of nearly
every boy born on a farm: he helped plough
the ground, plant the seed, cut the grain and
put away the harvest, and obtained as nuich
education as he could in the unoccupied days
of Avinter. He was not satisfied with this cir-
cumscribed life, and in August, 1847, when he
was sixteen years old, he left the homestead
and cami' to "Wilniingtou td learn carriage-
trimming. By the year 18G3 he had accu-
mulated sufficient money to begin business for
himself as a carriage manufacturer, and his
venture was very successful. He is now one
of the leaders of the trade in Wilmington.

1 1 , i

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1 •• I I .' f

> 1.7/

STATE OF DELAWARE

251

Mr. Gutlirie is a Eepiiblican; he was elected
to the sclicjol board of New Castle county,
Del., and served several jears^ He is a mem-
ber of AVashiugton Lodge, Xo. 1, F. and \.
M.

Jones Guthrie was married, July ;i, 1840,
in Chester county, Pennsylvania, to Hannah
Maria, daughter of Job and Susan Lowrie,
of Montgomery county, Pennsylvania. They
have children: I. William T.; II. George C;
III. Mary A.; IV. Clara {Ishs. Joel Christy);
V. Jennie (Mrs. Frank Cooling); VI. Idella,
wife of Dr. W. B. Rowland; VII. Bertha
(Mrs. Beaton Smith); VIII. Phebe, wife of
Dr. J. II. Ryle; IX. Lillie E.; X. Grace (Mrs.
Edwin Pierce); XL Laura; XII. Willard.
Mr. Guthrie and family attend St. Paul's M.

E. church.

George C. Guthrie, second son of Jones and
Hannah !M. (Lowrie) Guthrie, was born in
AVilmington, September 30, 1850. He re-
ceived his educational traininti' in the public
schools of Wilmington and in a piivate school
in Concordville, Pa. After leaving school he
entered his father's carriage works, and has
remained with him. He has been in the black-
smith department for thirty years, and is
bookkeeper for the establishment. Mr. Guth-
rie is a past master of Oriental Lodge, Xo. 27,

F. and A. iL; a mendier of St. John's Chap-
ter, Xo. 1, K. A. M. ; a past noble grand of
Fairfax Lodge, X^o. 8, 1. 0. 0. F. ; a past chief
])atriarch of Beynolds Encampment, Xo. 3,
I. O. O. F. ; and has these titles in the I. O.
E. M. : Past Sachem of Keokuk Tribe, Great
Chief of liccords of the (ircat Coimcil of
Delaware (second term), and Past Great
Representative to the Great Council of the
United States. He is a Pie])ublicau. George
C. Guthrie was married to Martha, daughter
of Richard and Sarah Robinson, March 28,
1872. They have one son, Leonard K., born
February 9, 1874, and now engaged in the
plumbing business. Mr. Guthrie and family
attend the iL E. church.

LIXDLEY C. KEXT, P. 0., Wilming-
ton, Del., fon of the late Benjamin and Han-
nah (Simmons) Kent, was born at Andrew's
Bridiie, Lancaster countv, Pa., [March 25,
1844.

When he was two years old his family re-
moved toChcster county, Pennsylvania, where
lie was educated in the public schools and at

an academy taught by his brother. On Au-
gust 13, 1862, at Wilmington, Del., he en-
li;:ted in Comi)any F, Fuurtli Delaware Vol-
luiteers. Col. A. H. Grimshaw. He was
lapidly ])ronioted through the grades of non-
couiuiissioiied ollicers until he reached the
rank of sergeant of his company. On March
7, 18(34, he passed a successful examination
before the examining board at Washington, D.
C, and was commissioned, on April 13, 1804,
by order of the War Department, firet lieu-
tenant of the Thirty-second Regiment, United
States colored troops. On June 28, 18C4, he
\\as honorably discharged. On September
15, 18G4, he was again commissioned first
lieutenant, and assigned to the Forly-tifth
United States colored troops, of which regi-
ment he was appointed adjutant. On Decem-
ber 8, 1SC4, he was promoted to a captaincy
in the same regiment, and on March 24, 1805,
was advanced to the rank of major of the One
Hundred and Xinth United States colored in-
fantry, by order of General E. O. C. Ord.
On February 0, 1800, Major Kent was mus-
tered out of service with his regiment, at La-
vaca, Tex., his regiment having been ordered
to Texa-s soon after the surrender of Gen.
Lee. He participated in a number of battles
and skirmishes in Virginia in the great con-
flict, some of the most important of which
were: Bottom's Bridge, Baltimore Cross-
Roads, Deep Bottom, Fort Gil more, Fort Har-
rison, the siege of Richmond, the breaking
of the Rebel lines in front of the Army of the
Potomac, the fight near Hatcher's Run, the
capture of Petersburg and the surrender of
General Lee at Appomatox.

In 1800, j\Ir. Kent came to Wilmington,
and for the greater part of the time since then
has been engaged in the lumber business.
During the last twenty-six years he has owned
and successfully operated a large establish-
ment. ]\rr. Kent has been pre-eminently a
jniblic-spirited citizen, foremost in educa-
tional matters and jn'ominent as a humani-
tarian. That his labors for the advancement
i.ii Ills felbjw-iiien liave been appreciated is
evidenced by the active and responsible posi-
tions he has held in many beneficent organiza-
tions. He was fur two years a meudier of
the Board of Ed\ication, is one of the mana-
gers of the Ferris Industrial Sidiool, treasurer
of the ilinquadale Home for Aged !Men and
Couples, treasurer of the Delaware Society

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BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals,
president of the Society for the Prevention of
Cruelty to C'hildren, a nieniher of the Board
of Trustees of the Home for Friendless and
l)('?titute Children, a nieudx'r of tin; Hoard
of the African Society, and of the Pxiards of
other charitahle institutions, lie is also a
director of the Artisans' Savin<;s Pank, a
member of the Historical Society of Dela-
ware, a mondjor of the Board of Directors of
the AVilmington Institute Free Lilirary, and
of the DuPont Post, Xo. 21, Grand Army of
the Pepidilie, of Wilmington. Tn iiolitics he
is a Pepultlican.

Liudley C. Kent was married, in Wilming-
ton, ilay 15, 187G, to Anna Grulil), daugli-
ter of Adam and Pachel 11. (ifcGaw) Grubb.
Their children arc: T. Poland (r.; II. Mary E.
llr. Kent is a nuMuber of the Sucit'ty of
Friends.

LAWRENCE J. BROMAX, Wilming-
ton, Di'l., son of John Lawrence and ( 'harlotte
Wilhehnina Broman, was born in Stockholm,
Sweden, June 28, 1852.

The paternal aiid the maternal ancestors of
!Mr. pjroman all lived anil died in Sweden.
His ])arents were born in Stockholm; the
father in 1824, died in 18GS; the mother in
1822, died October 14, 1877. Of their fam-
ily of nine children, but two surviw: 1. Law-
rence J.; II. Charles F.

Lawrence J. Broman remained in his native
land imtil he was twenty years old. lie had
received the advantages of a coui"se in the
national schools, and had been a salesman for
a mercantile establishment, when, on April
23, 1872, he left Sweden and came to
America, to find a broader and more re-
munerative field for his energy. He landed
in New York City and proceeded at once to
Wilmington-, Del. Here he worked, for about
eight years, as a finisher of morocco leather,
then engaged in the grocery business, made a
year's venture in real estate operations, and in
September, 1897, established a coal and ice
depot, which he is now conducting. Mr. Bro-
man is a member of Wilmington Lodge, No.
1, A. 0. U. W., and is a Republican.

On September 4, 1875, in Germantown,
Pa., by Rev. Mr. Farwell, Lawrence J. Bro-
man was married to Caroline Wilhelmina
ilalmsten, who was lK)ni in Norke, Swe«len.
Their children are: I. Frank IL, b..vn January

17, 187(3; 11. William J>., born August 8,
1880. Ml-. Broman is a member of the llau-
over Presbyterian church, and, at the same
time, treasurer of thu Second M. P. chunh.
Mrs. Broman is a counuunicant <if the Secnud
Baptist church of Wilnnngton.

During the summer of 1897 ]\Ir. and ilrs.
Broman vi^ited their native land, and spent
more than two months with their friends and
relatives. They left this country June 2, and
returned to it Augu.-t 2(lth.

WILLIAM II. ROBINSON, Wilmington,
Del., son of (ieorge H. and :\Iary G. (.Mc-
Donnell) Robinson, was born in AVilmington,
Scptendjer 24, 1845.

The Robinson family is of Swedish oi-igiu,
and members of it were among the earliest
settlei-s of Delaware. On the maternal side,
.Mr. Robinson's ancestry is Irish, his matenud
grandfather having been a native of Belfast,
Ireland. He manled a lady who was born in
London, England. They came to Delaware
when the colony was in its infancy, and were
among the first settlers of the city of AVil-
jiiiugton. They were very closely identified
with the founders of Methodism.

George II. Robinson was born in Wilming-
ton in September, 1803. There he studied in
tiie public .schools and afterwards acquire<l his
trade, that of coach trimming. He was em-
ployed as a journeyman in both Wihuington
and Philadelphia, and had his own establish-
ment in the former place for many years. He
was alM) engaged in the confectionery and
ice cream business for fifty years, during
which time his store was the most extensively
patronized in Wilmington. He retired from
Inisiness in 1870. George H. Robinson mar-
ried INIary t;., daughter of and

^Margaret j\[cl)onnell. Their children are: I.
Samuel AVekh)n, died in early manhood; II.
William II. ; III. James Riddle, married
Emma L. Brown, has one child, ilary Estelle;
IV. George S. George IL Robinson died in
Wilmington, November 7, 1882; his wife
died in February, 1880.

AVilliam II. Robinson has always had his
home in Wilmington. AYhen a boy he at-
tended the public schools and the Friends'
School, and a few years later took a course in
Bryant & Stratton's Commercial College.
Subsequently ho conducted a tobacco and
cigar store for twenty-two yeai-s. In lMt2,

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' I , ' 1 I:

STATE OF I) EL AW ABE

253

lie Wius iippointwi deputy clerk of the Orphans'
Court, and tilled the othce two years, lie was
afterward appointed deputy collector of in-
ternal revenue and served in that position
four years. On January 1, 1898, he engaj^ed
in the real estate and insurance business. ^Ir.
Jkobinson is a member of Oriental Lodge, No.
27, F. and A. M.; of St. Jolm's Chapter, No.
4, li. A. M., and of St. John's I'omnianderv,
No. 1, K. T. lie is a staunch Democrat. •
On January 17, 1883, in Chester, Pa., Wil-
liam II. Kobinson married ilary Iv., daughter
i.f Iieubcn and Caroline Hayes, and widow of
Oliver Appleby. J^Irs. Kobinson was born in
New Ca>tle county, Del. By her first hus-
band, she had children, as follows: I. K. Les-
lie, married Jennie AV. Logan, has one child,
Iva Adele; II. IJobert C, married Hannah B.
Bradway; III. May Adele; IV. P>lanche
Dealva. ilrs. Robinson and her daughter,
ilay Adele Appleln", are members of draee
!M. E. (dnircli.

TITUS P. M. CBIFFITH, Wilmington,
Del., son of Joseph and Mary E. (J[ousley)
Griffith, was born in Wilmington, ihiv 'J,
1842.

Joseph Griffith was born in Delaware coun-
ty. Pa., in 1814. He removed to Wilming-
ton, Del., about 1840, and engaged in the re-
tail shoe business on French street. Josejih
Griffith married Mary E., daughter of Titus
and ]\Iary ifousley, of New Castle county,
Del. Their children were: I. William, of
Chester, Pa.; 11. Anna ilary (Mrs. Joseph
McBride), of Wilmington, and III. Ann
Jane, deceased, twins; IV. Titus P. if.; \.
Olive (Mrs Samuel Drennau), of near New-
ark, Del. ilr Griffith died in Delaware coun-
ty. Pa.; Mrs. Griffith in Wilmington.

Titus P. M. Griffith removed with his par-
ents to Centreville, Del., w-hen very young,
and at the age of twelve accompanied them
to Delaware county, Pa., where he received
the greater part of his education. In 1859
he returned to Wilmington and learned cabi-
net making, afterwards working at the trade
as a journeyman in Wilmington for several
years; he then secured employment in the car-
shops of the Jackson Sharp Co. For the past
twentv-five vears he has been in the servicj
of the P., W. & B. B. B. Co., and is a tru.sted
employee. [Mr. Griffith is a member of Fair-
fax Lodge, No. 8, I. O. 0. F.; of Wasliingt..n

Lodge, No. 1, K. of P., and of the P. M. B.
Belief Association. He is a Democrat.

In Delaware county. Pa., in 18G1, Titus P.
i(. (iritfith was married to Susan L., daugh-
ter of Gciirgc and Llizabeth Pugh, the former
dci'ca.ied; the latter sur\ives, having attained
the vcnci'able age of eighty years. The chil-
dren of j\lr. and ^Irs. (iriffith are: I. George
W.; II. Edwin P.; III. Clarence E.; IV. Nel-
lie M. Q,U-6. Henry Sharp); V. Mary, de-
ceased. !Mrs. (iriiHth died in AVilmington,
A])ril 2G, 1875. ]\Ir. Griffith and family at-
tend the M. E. church.

JA^IES CLELAND MOBBOW, Wil-
mington, Del., son of James and Bethia
(E\es) ]\roi'row, was born in Wilmington,
September, 1855.

His ]iaternal ancestry was Irish; his ma-
ternal ancestors descended from English and
French stock. The ilorrow family lived iu
County Down, Ireland, for the entire period
of wlucli there is a family record. William
^lorruw, grandfather of James Cleland Mor-
row, was a farnic r. He was married to Eliza-
beth Cleland, an<l had children: I. Joseph;
II. William (2); IIL Jane; IV. Bobert; V.
James; VI. Ann; YII. John. William ]\[or-
row died in New Cattle county, Del., and was
buried in Green Hill Cemetery, Christiana
hundred, of that county.

Joseph !Morrow died in his native land, and
was buried in the Presbyterian graveyard in
Killeleigh, County Down, Ireland. On com-
ing to America, William Cleland (2), settled
in Wilniington, Del., and was engaged in the
grocery business there until 1858, when he
disposed of his stock to his brother, John ^[or-
row, and retired to private life. He married
Sarah A. 'J'urncr, of New Castle, Del., and
had children: I. Ilenrv W., of Wilmington;
II. Elizabeth (]\rrs. ]\rahlon Bryan), of Phila-
del|>liia, and several who died in infancy. Wil-
liam Morrow (lii-d in Wilmington, ^fay .'50,
1878, aged seventy-one years, and was buried
in the Wilmington and Brandvwine cemetery,
Wilmington. Jane ^Morrow came to America
with her father, her brother Bobort and sister
Ann, in 184ft; they landed in Philadelphia,
and made Wilmington their home. Jane mar-
ried Bobert ]\rcFarlaiid^ of Stanton, Del., and
survives her husband, being at this time
eighty-four years old. John ^lorrow was en-
gaged in the grocery l)usiness with his brother

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2.-)4

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

A\'illi;mi until the retirement of tlie latter,
wlien he assumed control and continued the
business until Ids death in 1805. lie was
buried in the Green Hill Presbyterian grave-
yard, Christiana hiuuhetl, Xcw Castle ooujity.
-Vnn Alorrow resided with lu'r brother,
Kobcrt ^lorrow, who was a farmer, and who
died July 4, 1891. The last mentioned chil-
dren were buried in (ireeu Hill eeuietery.

James ilorrow, father of James Cleland
!Morrow, was born at Ballyalgin, Killeleigh,
County Down, Ireland, February 24, ISli).
He emigrated to .Vincriea July 31, 18:5 j,
landed iu ]S'ew York September 15, and on
September IS of the same year, arrived in
AVilmington, where he. entered the grocery
store of his brother, William Morrow, as a
clerk. A year later he was indentured to Dell
Xoblit as an apprentice at cabinetmaking. lie
completed his trade in four years, and when
he was twenty-one years old, established him-
self in business as a cabinetmaker and under-
taker, lie continued in this occupation only
one year, and then engaged in the grocery
business at Xo. 45 ]\Iarket street, as the site
was then designated. Here he conducted an
extensive business until his death, or for a
period of fifty-two years. He had greatly in-
creased his establishment and occupied a store
extending through the block from Xo. 211
]\rarket street to 210 Shipley street. He was
the oldest business man in the city and owned
the largest building devoted to the grocery
business in the state. Mr. ^Morrow also or-
ganized, in 1809, the Wilmington Mills
^Manufacturing Co., for the making of yarns
and twines from the jute fibre of India. His
associate in this enterprise was John Whann.
Mr. ^[orrow was chosen president of the com-
]Xiny and continued in that ofl;ice until his
death. Owing in great part to his business
acumen and actinty, the industry was profit-
able from its inception. From a small estab-
lishment the plant steadily expanded luitil it
is now one of the largest jute factories on this
continent. One hundred and sixty to one
hundred and eighty persons are continuously
em]»loyed. The product of the factory is sold
chiefly in the United States, but finds its way
to all jiarts of the wurld. ^h: ^forrow was
a director of the Wilmington and T'raudywin'
Bank. He was fond of travel, and took oc-
casion in the intervals affcjrded him from the
active supervision of his various bu<inrss in-

terests to visit many European and American
countries. In 1800 he made a trip to County
Down, Ireland; in 1885 he made an extended
tour of England, Ireland and Scotland, and
the continent; in 18.SS he went to Cuba, and
in 1S8'J, accompanied by his wife, he jour-
neyed through the I'nited States, going as far
west as California and as far north as Alaska.

On April 28, 1S47, James ^lorrow marrieil
Bethia, daughter of William Du Shane and
Mar}' G. Eves, of Xew London, Chester
county, Pa. Their children are: I. William
K., dealer in groceries and eonfectiouery at
his father's old stand, in connection with his
brother, Kobcrt D., married Elizabeth Justus,
on April 28, 1874, and had children, i. Bertha
E., ii. John Byrnberg, iii. Elizabeth A.; II.
Mary G., deceased; III. John F., deceased;
IV. Bobert D., married Anna Hodgson, of
Xew London, Chester county^ Pa., has chil-
dren, i. Xellie H. , ii. Herbert S., iii. Bobert
IL; V. James Cleland; VI. Lewis B., secre-
tary and treasurer of the Wilmington Mills
}ilanufacturing Co., and mend)cr of the Wil-
nungton board of education, married Ella
Yo\uig, of Utica, X. Y., who is deceased; VII.
Thomas A., deceased; VIII. Joseph, deceased.
James ilorrow died ^kfarch 28, 1890; his
widow died July 23, 1890. Mr. ilorrow was
a life-long member of the Presbyterian
church, had been a trustee for years, and was
a steward and elder at the time of his death.

James Cleland ilorrow received his rudi-
mentary education in the public schools of
AVilmington, and this was supplemented by
a course in Prof. W. A. Beynolds' Academy.
In 1875 he entered his father's grocery store
as a clerk, and remained there until 1879,
when he was engaged as clerk by the Wil-
mington Mills Manufacturing Co. He ad-
vanced from one position to another iu the
office of the company, and on the death of his
father in 1890, was elected its president. Mr.
Morrow in 1885 accompanied his father on
his European tour. Among their excursions
was one to Pompeii and Ilerculaneiun, from
■whose reoiiened streets and disinterred houses
they brought home many souvenirs of rare
interest. Air. INforrow was with his father
also on his trip to the island of Cuba. In his
jiolitical A-iews Mr. jyiorrow is a Bepublican.

On April 20, 1881, James (Cleland ]\rorrow
was married to Kate B., daughter of Benja-
min C. and Anna J. (Becse) Pearce, of Wil-

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, ' .i^

STATE OF DELA\VARE

255-

mington, Del. They have one child, Jauies
ilorrow, Jr. Mr. Morrow long ago adopted
the reliKious faith of his father.

JACOB SCHELLER, Wilmington, Del.,
son of IJonry and Barbara (lluy) Schellor,
was born in Zurich, Switzerland, November
12, ISiiS.

His parents were natives of Switzerland
and never left its towering peaks and fruitful
valleys. As a youth he received such educa-
tional training as the public schools then af-
forded. From early childhood he had a re-
markable fondness for painting, and as soon
as he was old enough he was apprenticed to
the art for which he manifested so strong a
preference. From his twelfth to his four-
teenth year he was instructed in the decora-
tion of cliinaware. For the next five years he
wad taught general painting and frescoing,
and at the same time acquired free-hand
drawing and attended many scientific lectures,
obtaining in connection with other informa-
tion a knowledge of oils, gums and pigments
of all kinds. lie also learned the manufacture
of japans, varnishes, etc. The apprenticeship
of Mr. Scheller was a severe school for him,
and was marked by serious, earnest work on
his part. The time devoted by his fellow-
apprentices to amusement Avas given by him
to .^tudy, to experiment and to perfecting him-
self in that which had been already taught
him. The result was that when he had com-
pjleted his. apprenticeship he was skilled above
his com]>aui<)ns and readily secured lucrative
positions. For a year he worked for his pre-
ceptor as a journeyman, and in 1S4S deter-
mined to come to America, where the field
for the employment of his talents was greater.
lie left his home and went to Paris, reaching
that city February 18, 1848, the day when
Louis Philippe was compelled to abdicate and
flee from Paris. A few days later, young
Scheller went to Havre, and there took pas-
sage on tlic Splendid for America. There
were about eight hundred passengers on the
vessel and the passage to New York Oity re-
quired fifty-five days. M\: Scheller landed
here May G, and soon afterward went to Phila-
delphia and began coach-painting in that city.
His stay there was brief, and in 1850 he enter-
ed the employment of the P., W. & B. P. P.
Co., at Wilmington, as ornamental ciiai'h-
]iainter. For the past forty-nine years, lu,' liai
filled the position of car painter of the road.

Throughout these many years Mr. Scheller
has been a diligent worker and an untiring
seeker after improvement in his trade. Dur-
ing his first years in America, he devoted
nuich time to experiments in wood-filliug, and
is the inventor of that now important branch
of the painter's trade. His methods for this
work were patented in lb53. Among other
branches of his study was scrape-filling or
plastering, the advancement in which owes
much to his research and experiments. Mr.
Scheller has reached his seventieth year, but is
still active, and gives personal attention to the
duties of his position. He is the veteran car-
painter of the I'., W. & B., and is held in high
esteem by the officials of the railroad and
likewise sincerely respected as an honorable
and upright citizen by all who know him. He
has never taken part in politicid matters ex-
cept to cast his ballot, and that has always
been done on principle — the best qualified
candidate has received his vote.

In 1852, in Wilmington, Del., Jacob Schel-
ler was married to Henrietta, daughter of
Henry and Elizabeth Jordan. ]\Irs. Scheller
was born in Hesse Cassel, Germany. She died
in Wilmington, August 7, 189.3. Mr. Scheller
is a member of the Lutheran church, and
learned its catechism in his Swiss canton.

GEOPGE L. WATSON, Wilmington,
Del, son of Da^l B. and Abigail B. (Cha!-
fant) Watson, was bom in Baltimore, Md.,
Novcndier 27, 1850.

His ancestry was Irish on the paternal and
English on the maternal side. His grand-
father, Alexander AVatson, was born in Bel-
fast, Ireland, and came to America about
1820. He was the first of his family to emi-
grate from his native country. He was a cop-
per refiner, and was engaged in that o<.-cupa-
tion tnitil his death in Baltimore, where he
lived for about thirty yeai-s. Alexander Wat-
son married iliss Bid(lle, and had children: I.
David B. ; II. William A., of Washing-ton, 1).
0.; III. Jane (Jfrs. John Mag-ill) of. Washing-
ton, I). C. ; has children, i. Dora, ii. ilary,
iii. Charles; IV. ISenjamin F., died in l^alti-
more in 1850; ]\ri-s. Watson died in W^ilming-
ton, in 187!).

'I'iio nuitonial grandfather of George L.
Wat^on was William C'lialfant, who was born
in Baltimore, l\rd., about 1812. He lived for
a number of yeai-s in that city, and afterward,

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25(j

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ill Chester courtty, Pa., where he was a well-
kiiowu carpenter and builder. William Chai-
I'ant married Elizaheth Kdwards, ot Chester
county, Pa. They had children: 1. John, of
C'loverdale, Cal.; 11. Aaron, of JMendoeino,
Cal.; ill. ilary A. (Mrs. Jesse Spcncerj, de-
ceased, formerly of Jennersville, Chester
I'ounty, Pa.; 1\'. Abigail P. (.Mrs. David ii.
Watdon); V. ilaria (.Mi's David Speueer), of
l''ulton county. Pa.; VI. William J., of Ever-
ett, Pa.; VII. Jesse, deceased; Vlll. Han-
nah, died when young; IX. Elizabeth, died
when young. William Chalfant died in
Eranklin township, Chester county. Pa., in
IfjbT. His remains were buried in New Lon-
don cemetery. ^Irs. Chalfant died in Penn
township, Chester county, l*a., and was buried
beside her husband.

David P. Watson, fatlier of George L. Wat-
son, was born in Paltimoro, ^Id., about the
year 1S2T. He was a student in the public
schools of that city, and afterwards learned
the business of iron-rolling. In Jtnie, 1S(J1, he
enlisted in Company A, Second Kegiment,
^Maryland Volunteer Infantry, and served
throughout the civil war. He was wounded
at the battle of South Mountain. After the
close of the great struggle for the preserva-
tion of the Union, he returned to lialtiniore
and worked at his trade there until about
1870, when he came to AVihnington and con-
tinued in his occupation as iron-roller for
about ten years. David P. Watson nnuTied
Abigail P., daughter of William and Elizabeth
(ICdwards) Chalfant, of Baltimore. They had
children: I. Elizabeth A., died in Wilming-
ton at age of forty-two years; II. ^lary L.
Q\rs. Chauncey W. (letzlennm), of AVilming-
' ton, has two children, i. Luella, ii. Warren;
III. William W., of New York City; IV.
Ceorge L. ; V. Laura (L, of Wilmington. ]\[r.
"Wat.<on diwl in Wilmington, August 13,
1 SSI ; his wife died Sei)tcnd)er 9, 1<S7!). Their
remains are interred in Piverview cemetery',
Wilmington.

Cieorge L. Watson removed from Baltimore
to Pennsylvania in early life, and lived with
his grandfather, William Chalfant, in Chester
county. He attended the ])ublic schools of
l"'ranklin townslii|i until he was fiftoen years
old and, in 1S70, he went to Wilmington and
learned carriage-making with the finn of lui-
liinson Sz Bro. After completing hi^ nppren-
ticcshi]) he wnrke<l as a join-neynuiii fi.r about

three years and in 1S80 entered the upholstery
department of the P. W. & B. P. P. Com-
jjany's >hops and has since been employed
there. In 1893 he was made foreman of the
department. He is a Pepublican but. docs not
take an active ])art in political ati'aii-s.

hi ISSl, in Philadelphia, (ieorge L. Wat-
son marrie<^l J\lary E., ilaughter of John and
Hannah (Dudley) Willis, of Wilmington.
They have children: I. CJertrudo L., born Au-
gust 12, 1882; II. William H., born .May 13,
18S-1; III. Jt-ssie S., born .March 31, IbSlJ;
IV. Susan N., born December 19, 1888; V.
Ethel .M., bom November 9, 1890; VI.
(ieorge L. 2, born October 1-1, 1892. Vll.
Pegina J., born .May 23, 1898. Mr. Watson
and family attend Trinity P. E. church.

John AVillis, father of ^Irs. Creorge L. Wat-
son, was born in Wilmington. He is still a
resident of New Castle comity, and is engaged
in farming near Hazeldale. He mamed Han-
nah Dudley, who was born in Duneannon.
PeiTy county. Pa. 'Their children are: T.
]\rary E. (ili-s. George L. Wason); II. Leon-
ard: III. Henry.

WILAIER S. ARMSTPONG, Wilming-
ton, Del., son of Henry and Eleanor (Eultun)
Armstrong, was born in (V<'il countv, .Md.,
Ecbniary 10, 1842.

John Annstrong, his gTaudfather, was a
farmer of Cecil county, ^Id., for many yeai-s.
It is thought he was born in America. He
was a ust'ful and honoivd citizen. The chil-
dren of "S\y. and Airs. John Armstrong were:
T. Henry; II. William; IIL Lewis; IV. Re-
becca; V. Han-iet. Of this family, only
Henry and William are now living. John
.Armstrong died in Cecil county, !Md.

Henry .\rmstrong, the eldest son, was bora
in Cecil county in 1813, and was engaged in
farming there until 1870, when he removed
to Philadel]ihia, of which city he is still a
resident. He married Eleanor Eulton, and
h;id children: I. AVilmer S.; IT. Hannah (Mis.
Andrew 15. Bcnnott); IIL Walter E. ; IV.
Jnmcs IT.; V. Adelaide AL. decea.sed; VI.
John B.

AVilmer S. .\nnstrong, until he was twenty
yeai-s of age, remained on the home fann in
Cecil coinitv He received a g(X><l education
in select schools and heIi)od to cultivat.e tln^
acres that suiTonnded hi-i birthplace. In \\\-
gust, 1802. he enlisted in the Ei-hth Pe-i- C

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STATE OF DE LAW A HE

257

lueiit, ^laryland Volunteer Infantry, and -evv-
fd liis i-ciiintry as a soldier fur nearly tliree
yeai-s, ])artieipating during tliis time in several
iuipurtant engagements. In June, 1SU5, he
was mustered out in Jialtimure, Md., and re-
turnetl to the paternal home in Ceeil eounty.
Soon afterward, in July, 1805, he renitn'etl to
riiiiadelpliia autl aequired the art of siieet
nietid w'taking, in whieli lie was employed un-
til ls7S. in IJST'J Mv. Armstrong entered the
employ of the 1*., W. v.'t 15. R. 11. Co., as a
sheet metal worker, and in ilay, 18'J.'), was
aj)pointed to his present position, that of for(>-
man of tlie tin shops of the eompauy in Wil-
mington, lie is a Uepublieau, but not an ac-
tive ])artisan.

In July, 1808, in Philadelphia, Wilmer S.
Armstrong nutrried Enuna Ilyno. The}' had
one ehild, Wilhelmina. ifrs. Armstrong died,
and on Deeendier 18, 1880, ilr. Annstrong
married again, his wife being Rebeeca D.,
daughter of Chalkley and Ixebeeea Ambler of
]'liihideli>hia. ilr. Armstrong and family at-
Irnd the liaptist elnu'eh.

AUGUSTUS NORTIIKOP SOUTHARD,
AViimington, N^ew Castle eounty, Del., young-
est son of Stephen S. aiid Sarah (Shields)
Southard, was born at the home of his parents,
Xo. lOi'l :\rarket street, AVilmington, Del.,
November 10, 1848.

^\\: Southard's father, Stejihen S. Southard,
was born at Rexford Flats, near Srheneetady,
X. v., in August, 1800. He learned jmutiug
and worked at his trade in Sehenectady uiuil
1S44, when hf renuived to "Wilmington, Del,
and opeiu<l an offiee where his .sj>eeial work
was till' printing of lottery tiekets and eireu-
lars. Mt. Southard afterwards o]>pned a haid-
ware store at the corner of Third and Shijilev
streets, dealing jirineipally in iron and carnage
hardware. He was a successful merchant, and
in ISGS was able to retire from active biisine.-s
lite and for twenty-five years to enjoy the rest
and comfort wliicli he had won by his industrv
and economy. Stephen S. Southard was mar-
ried in Jersey City, in 1S29, to Sarah Shields,
a native of Jersey City, X. J. Their cliildren
are: T. Letitia S., widow of Rush Shops, re-ides
in Wilmington, Del.; TT. Stephen S., manned
Clementine Clay who die<l leaving three chil-
dren, i. Ste])heu, ii. Samuel, iii. Isabella; III.
I-;aae Eugene, of Lincoln, Siissex coiintv, Del. :
IV. Augustus X". "JTrs. Southard die<l at In r

home in Wihnington, Del., May 30, 1888; Mr.
Southard died in Wilmington, .May 30, 18U3,
ageil eighty -seven.

Augustus X. Souiliaiil attended Hyatt's
Military Academy, Taylor's Academy and
Caley's Academy. After completing his
school course, .Mi'. Southard served a five
year's ai)prenticebhip as a maciiinist in the
establishment of Unsey, Jones A: Co., Wil-
mington, Del. Jn 1S70 he shipped as ma-
clnnist on tiie steamer Baclte, for the United
States Coast Sm-vey service. Mr. Southard
served on the Eache until 1870, when he was
m-(lered to X'ew York, and thence to the stir-
\ey of the Delaware river. In 1878 he was
sent to the :\Iississij)])i river as engineer, and
\vas stationed at liaton Rouge, La., where he
remained until IbSO, when he retired from the
United States service. Retuniiuii to Wil-
mington Del., :\Ir. Southard was^appointed
engineer of the City AVater AVorks. He took
charge of the works, July 5, 1882, and has
always discharged the duties of his office to
the entire satisfaction of the company and itd
patrons. .Mr. Soutliard is a Republican, ac-
tively hiterested in all that concerns the wel-
fare of the community. He is a member of
Eureka Lodge, 'No. 23, F. & A. il.

Augustus X^. Southard was married in Wil-
mington, Del., ]\Iarch 27, 1884, to Ella IL,
daughter of Philip and Anna Eliza (P>rad-
lord) Coombs. Their children are: L Philip
Coombs, bom July 12, 18S8; II. Letitia born
June 30, 1891 ; IIL a child who died in in-
fancy. Jfi-s. Southard is a member of the
I'aptist church. .Air. Southard and his family
attend the :M. E. church

.TOHX GILBERT CHRISTFIELD, Wil-
mington, Now Castle countv, Del., son of
John (iilbert ami Mary A.' (Blest) Clirist-
fiel.l, was ))orn at Wilmington, Del., June
12, 1803.

Three brothers of the name of Christfield
emigrated from Germany, and settled in
Afaryland. One of these brotlicrs was the
father of Jolin W. Christfield and the founder
of the town of Christfield, '\[d. IMr. Chri.st-
fic]<l's i)aterna] grandfather, Gilbert Franklin
Christfield, was a native of Cecil county, j^fd.
His maternal grandfather, James Blest, a na-
tive of England, emigrated to America and
settled in Philadelphia, Pa., but afterwards re-
moved to Wilmington. Del. Tic was marricl

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258

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

to ]\lary ilatilda Newson, who wiis uf Freucli
descent, and was born in .Maryland. Of tlicir
eight children, two died in childhood. Those
living are: 1. Cieorge \V.; 11. William 11.;
III. Alary A., (Mrs. Christtield) ; IV. John
Thomas; V. Josephine, (Ali-s. Chiudes Smith).
Mr. Blest died at Wilmington, Del., in 1853.
His wife died in 1880.

Mr. Christtield'b father, John Gilbert
Christtield, was honi at Chesapeake City, Cecil
county, ]\Id., in 1839. lie was educated in the
schools of his native state, and at the age of
si.xteen removed to Wilmington, Del., where
he learned ship carpentry. He was a skilful
mechanic and was always able to find employ-
ment at his trade. During the war of the
Jiebellion, ]\Ir. Christfield fought in defence
of his country, ser\'ing in Company C, Fifth
Delaware Volunteers. John Cnlbert Christ-
field, Sr., mai-ried in Wilmington, Del., June
12, 1862, ]\Iary A., daughter of James and
Mary ]\I. (Xewson) Blest. They have one
child, John Gilbert. ]\Ir. Christfield lost his
life by an accident at Pcrryville, Md., June
29, 1863.

John Gilbert Christfield was educated- in
the public schools of Wilmington, Del., and
after completing his course was aiiprenticed to
the Harlan & Ilollingsworth Company, ship
and car builders of Wilming-ton. After ser^'-
iug his apprenticeship, he was employed by
the firm as a journeyman. ]\Ir. Christfield was
a skilful workman; and the firm appreciating
his diligence and eflSciency, appointed him as-
sistant foreman in the car department of their
works. In 1887, he was again promoted, and
as traveling constructor of railway cars for
the finn, visited many countries of Europe and
South America. From 1891 until September
15, 1897, Mr. Christfield was connected with
the offices of the firm in Wilmington, Phila-
delphia, Washington and Xew York City. He
resigned his position, September 15, 1897, to
become the ]iroprietor of the Eureka Steam
Laundry, Wilmington, Del. Mr. Christfield
is a .successful business man, energetic and
reliable, and has won the respect and confi-
dence of the community. He is a member of
Lafayette Lodge, Xo. 14, A. F. & A. Ar.; of
Fidelity Lodge, A. 0. IT. W.; and of 'st.
George's Castle, K. G. E. ]\rr. Christfield is
a Bepublican, activelv interested in local af-
fairs, and belongs to the Young Afeii's Bepub-
lican Club.

John (Jilbert Ciiristfield was married in
Wilmington, Del., :March 21, 1893, to Eliza-
beth, daughter of John Spencer. They have
(Uie ( hild, John (iilbert, born Afarch 4, 1898.

AVILLIAM E. ilOBBOW, Wilmington,
New Castle county, Del., son of James and
Bertha (Eves) iMorrow, was born in the build-
ing now occupied by the firm of James .\lon-ow
A: Sons, grocers, No. 211 ^Market St., Wil-
ington, Del.

William E. Alorrow attended the public
schools of Wilmington and completed hid
course at Taylor's Academy. While still only
a boy he took his jilace in his father's grocery
store, where he learned all the details of the
business under his father's careful suiiervi-
sion. He became his father's partner, July 1,
1873, and since his father's death, he has con-
tinued the business at the old stand under the
old name. Mr. Aforrow is a Democrat, ac-
tively intereiited in local afi^aire. He is a mem-
ber of AVilmington Lodge, A. 0. U. W.

AVilliam E. ^Morrow was married, in Wil-
mington, Del., April 28, 1874, to Elizabeth,
daughter of John and Lavinia (Armstrong)
Justis. Their childreii are: I. Bertha E. ; Tl.
John Brynberg; III. Elizabeth Armstrong.
]\rr. ]\[orrow and his family attend the West
Presbyterian church.

Boliert D. !Mori'ow, Wilming-ton, Del., son
of James and Bertha (Eves) Afon-ow, was born
at No. 21 l\rarket street, Wilmintilon, Del.,
]\rav 5, 1853.

BICHABD L. POYNTEB, Wilmington,
Del., son of Thomas and Comfort (West)
Poynter, M'as bom in Lewes, Sussex county,
Del, March 31, 1830.

The Poynter family is of Welsh descent on
the paternal, and of Gennan on the maternal
side. Some of the members were among the
earliest settlers in Delaware. Thomas Poyn-
ter was a shoemaker and a resident of Lewes.
He died in 1S33, lea\'ing but slight records
of his ancestors, so that the family history is
only iiH]ierfectlv known. He married Com-
fort West, aud'liad children: T. Alfred, of
Philadelphia; II. Adeline, deceased; TIL
F:iizabeth. deceased; lY. Richard L.

Bichard L. Poynter accompanied his
mother and his uncle, Isaiah West, to Wil-
mington from Lewes when his father died.

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<;?:p^:2-2>2<^.

STATE OF DELAWAIU'J

201

lie was tlieu only three years old. As soon
i;s lie was uf the required age he began at-
t( ndiiii; till' only public school then iu AVil-
iiiuigtuu. This school was at the soutlieast
corner of Sixth and French Streets. When
he had conijileted his studies tliere, lie went
to Canuien, K. J., and spent six years in ac-
(piiring jlu' art of silver plating. Then he
returned to Wilniiiigton and established
himself in business, and has continued in it
successfully to the present time. His occu-
pation is one that requires unusual delicacy
of touch and much skill and both of tliese re-
quirements ilr. Poynter possesses iu an emi-
nent degree, enabling him to build up and
hold a large and i)nifitaljle trade. Tliough
he has nearly reached his tliree scoi'e and ten
years, he is still active and gives his pei-sonal
attention to the management of the estab-
lishment. Tie is one of the oldest business
men in AVilmington, and is esteemed by
everybody for his intcgTity and his honorable
dealings, lie is a member of Hope Lodge, No.
21, I. O. O. v., and of Reynolds Encamp-
ment, No. 3, I. O. O. F., of Wilmington.
Ill' is an adherent of the Eepublican party.

On June 0, 185-i, l{icli;u-d L. Poynter
married .Mary P^lizabeth, daughter of William
and ^lary .Mackay, of Wilmington. They had
eight children, all of whom died when young.
!Mr. Povnter is a member of the ^I. E. church.

CLAYTON B. REYBOLD, Wilmington,
Del., son of John and ifary (Uliler) Pey-
Ijold, was born about a mile south of Dela-
ware City, in Red Lion hundred. New Castle
county, Del., March 3, 1847.

He is a member of one of the oldest fami-
lies of New Castle county. Ilis ancestors
were of (lerman origin, ^fajor Philip Pey-
bold, his grandfather, was the first of the
name to settle in Delaware. He remained in
the state as a farmer imtil his death. For
a time he was connected with the steamboat
lines on the Delaware river, and today the
steamer, ^lajor Reybold, namtxl for and owned
by him, is plying between Philadelphia and
Salem, N. J. For many years the name of
Reybold was closely associated with passen-
ger and freight transportation on the Dela-
ware. INfajor Reybold married and had chil-
dren: T. Elizabeth (:\frs. John C. Clark); iT.
Anna (Tifrs. Thomas Clark), both she and her
husband deceased; TIT. William, deceased,
15

married Jieulah Compton; IX. Philip, mar-
ried Caroline Kolilcr, both deceased; V.
John; VI. Margaret (Mrs. Robert Popej,
both Mr. and ^Mrs. Pope deceased; \'ll.
Susan, deceased; Vlll. Barney, tieccascd,
man-ied Sophronia Hyde, of Connecticut;
after her death married Elizabeth (i'latt)
Reybold, widow of John Reybold; IX. An-
tony, married Ann Stewart, resides in Wil-
mington; X. i^Iary; XI. .Matilda; XII.
(JIayton, married Kate liarron, of Philadel-
phia.

John Reybold was born in Red Lion hun-
dred, New Castle county, Del., in ISll. He
attended the public schools in his boyhood and
spent the rest of his life in the management
of his farm and his interests in Delaware
river steamboats. He never removed from
New Ca.stle county. John Reybold was
twice mari-ied. His first wife was !Mary
Uhler. They had eight children: I. George
U., of Philadelphia, married Agnes Jjrown,
has been blind since he was two years old;
II. Clayton B.; HI. John, 2, died 1809,
aged 21; IV. Elizabeth, died when a young
Woman ; and four others wiio are deceased.
John I'eybold manned, the second time, Eliza-
beth Piatt. Their children are: I. Mary
(ill's. Ashton R. Tatnall), of Wilmington;
II. William P., married Lulu Benson, of Wil-
mington; HI. Joseph, vice-president of Ca-
pelle Bros.' Hardware Company, of Wilming-
ton, marrieil Anna Annstrong. John Rey-
bold died August 31, 18G2.

Clayton B. Reybold obtained his education
in tiie public schools of Philadelphia, finish-
ing his com-se in the Boys' High School. Af-
terward he removed to Cecil county, ild., and
engaged in farming until 187G. In that year
he l>ecame purser on the steamer Thomas
Clyde, a position which he has filled to the
entire satisfaction of his employei-s and the
travelers who use his boat. There is, per-
haps, no officer aboard a Delaware boat to-
day who is more \vidcly known or more popu-
lar. His ]iower to hold his popularity has
been abundantly demonstrated during the
many years he has been connected with one of
the favorite and exclusively exciursion boats
on the Delaware. It is well-known that ex-
cursion crowds of pleasure-seekers are exact-
ing and thoughtless, yet ^Ir. Reybold has al-
ways succeeded in so performing his trying
duties as to nive litth' or no cause for com-

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202 niOGRAPUICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

])l;iiiit. rolitieally, he is cliissfd witli tlic IJe- and two wiutei-s. In early luaiihuod Amos

P"''''''''>"s- Stackhouse luamed Anna Hunt. 'I'hey had

Oil April 27, 1870, in IXdaware (Uty, Olay- twelve eliildreii, only two of wlioiu survive,

ton JJ. Keybold married Sophroiiia K., dangli- Cliarles and .Mary, hotii residents of Philadel-

ler of C'iiariea and Jfaeiiei (Itee.l) Korl.es, of pliia.

Delaware City. 'i1iey have one eiiild, (Iraec William Iv. Staekiioiise, a son of Amos

J., born April .28, 1871, died in .lanuary, Starklioiis(^, was horn in New Hope, Pa., and

1S7(J. ilr. and Mrs. Keybold attend the there passed his lifetime, engaged in' the drug

Presbyterian church. and general nieivhandise business. He 11^1-

ried Pelicca Croupe, and had children: J.

VICTOR R. PYLK, Wiiiuington, Del., Amanda ( .Mrs .loiin C. llojcome), of Laniiiert-

son of Isaac and Anna il. (.Mills) Pyle, was ville, X. ,1., deceased; 11. ^Villiam T. Mr.

born in Wilmington, Del., Ajiril il, ISC,,"). Stackhonse died in ls,-.2; his wile died .\prii

He was educated in the public .s(diools of IS, 1S47,

Wilmington and early in life engaged in mer- ' William T. Stackhonse, deprived of a

cantile pursuits. For some years ho was : mother's care, became an inmate of the home

salesman but on January 1, l.s'JO, entered of his maternal grand]iarents as an infant, and

into ])artnersliip with (ieorge W. ,McKee in remained there until he was si.xteeii yeai-s old.

the lumber business in Wilmington. This He received a iniblic school education, and

l.artnershij) continued until July 18, lb!)l, then learned iron-moulding. In the spring of

• when Mr. Pyle purchased the iiitcresf of his 1803 he enlisted in Company H, Thirtv-tir^t

associate and has since conduct<'<l alone the Rcgiinent, Pennsylvania Vi.lunteeis, under

atfairs of the large e.stabli.shmcnt, which is do- Captain Wat-on P. .Magill, of .\'cw Hope, and

voted to the sale of hiuiber, coal, lime, cement participated in the liatile of ( ictt\ -bin-"-,

and mill work. He is, in addition, proprietor .S,,un ;ificr, his term of cnlistmmt expired,

of the Pyle Cycle Co., whi.-h he organ- and he wa> honoraldy di:,chai'ged. He went

ized December 10, 181)1. He is a meuiiier to Wiiniington, I)(d., and there j(iincd the

of the Board of Trade, of Ivhii Lodge, .\'<i. Seventh Regiment, Delaware X'oluntcers,

34, I. O. O. F., and of Wilniingt.iii bulge, .\'o. thirty day men. At the end of this time the

1, A. 0. U. W. His political view- are tho-e young soldier, desirous of aiding his country

of the Reinibliean party. to the full extent of his power, re-enli-ted in

On Sc]itember Ui, 18i)(), Victor U. Pyle the I-jghth Regiment, D(daware Volunteers,
was married to l.illian, daughter of Henjamin and served tor eleven more months of the
F. and Emma Jackson, of Wilmington. They Ci\ii War, At the close of the .-Irnggle he
have children: 1. Victor R., Jr.; II. Del- was nni.-iered out at AVilmington. .Vfteileav-
phia; III. Elizalicth; 1\'. Albert II.; \'. ing the army Mr. Sta(d<lioiise settled in Phil-
Daniel. One child died in infancy. .Mi-. lip-lnirg. .\. ,1., and about a veai- latt-r re-
Pyle is a member of the ^f. F. chuich. moved to Tlu-ee Itivers, Mich., where lu' had

Isaac Pyle, father of A'ictor U. Pyle, re- the supeiintendence of agricnitnral wnrks for

siiles in Wilmington. ^Irs. I-aac Pyle is de- four year-. He tlieii went to ( 'hicam., 111.,

<'fased. and erected :i large tounili-y lor I he Poomi'r

Fridge Woiks Co. Two Year.- later he made

WILLIAM T. STACKIIOFSF, Wil-, his way to Flkhart, Ind., and worked for twen-

mington, Del., son of William K. and Rebecca ty-f our months as an iron-moiilder in the

(Crouse) Stackhonse, was born in \ew Hope, shops of the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne iV Chi-

Rucks county, Pa., April IS, 1S47. cago Railroad Co. P.eing obliged bv the fail-

Ilis grandfather, Amos Slacklioiise, was ure of hi- liealih l<i abandon the fouudi'v bn>i-

born in RristfJ, Pa. When a young man ne>s, he ninoved i,. Danville, Pa., where for

he became engaged in the general merchan- two yi^ars he was in bu.-ine~s as a plumber and

disc business at Xcw Hojie, Pa., where he as a constructor of buildings tnr the .Xational

reside<l until his death, whicii diil not occur Iron Co. .\fter being emiiloved for a num-

nntil long beyond the time nsmillv allotted her of vears in various |ilaces, he rcliirned to

to man. He was the oldest cili/en of New Wilmington. .\]ii-il 10, ISS,'), and ha- >inc(>

Ho]ie. having seen the snows of ..ne hundred resided ihere. He has liccn engaged for

,i ■",. ,1', 1 ;ii

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I I .• I . I.

STATE OF DELAWARE

2G3

tliirtoeii years, as a ineiubcr o{ the fii'iu' of
Stack lioii.-^e A: liro., in tlie luamifactui-e and
bottling of 'layliir's root beer, of wliicli lie is
sole proprietor. His tinn lias a branch of the
e^^talili^lnuent at Atlantic City, N. J. Mr.
Staeklioiise is a charter member of Lafayette
jHist, Xo. 2 17, (i. A. K., of Easton, Pa., and
a member of .Miiigna tribe, No. S, I. O. IJ. .M.,
of Wihniirj;ton. He votes the Republican
ticket.

On l)eccud)er 1!), 1805, in Phillipsbnrg,
N. J., William T. Stackhouse was married
to Ennna L., daughter of Henry S. and Diana
Carpenter, residents of Philli|)^bllrg. .Mrs.
Stackhouse was born in Phillipsburg, X. J.
^Ir. and .Mrs. Stackhouse have had children:
I. Amanda, died in infancy, at Three Pivers,
.Mich.; IL Nellie, died when three and :\
half yeai-s old, at Phillipsburg, N. J.; III.
"William II., born in Phillipsburg, August 1,
1>7-; I\'. Charles H., born in Weatherby,
Carbon county, Pa., November 7, 1S7(J; X.
Emma .M., born in Phillipsburg, July 4, lS,S:i.
Mr. Stackhouse and his family attend the .\I.
1'". clinrch.

THE ELE.MING EAMILY.— T. William,
came from Scotland in 17-tl and took up by
patent some 400 acres of land in lu'ut
county, Delaware, between .Milford and
Earmingtou, born June 5, 1717, died
;May T), 1784, nuirried Jane Frame 1744. The
fidlowing children are from the Pecord of
Hirths in his <nvn hand-writing as found in his
family Pible. His children all went West
except Pcniah.

I. .Mary, born Ma'rch 11, 174'., died Octo-
ber 111, I7(i4.

II. Andrew, born January 1, 1748, died
October I'.t, 17G4.

J If. Nathan, born January 23, 1750, died
]\larch !», IMT).

\\ . AVilliam, born August 17, 1755, died
July 2-2, 1772.

\'. Poaz, born January 3, 1758.
- VI. Peniah.

Vn. lU'unona, born February, 1768.

II. Peniah, son of AVilliam and Jane
(Frame) Fleming, born January 10, 1762,
<lied October 12, 1845, married Betsy Turner
February 5, 1783, had children:

I. luinice (^^rs. James Tharp), born .\]iril
10, 1784. (For children see Tharp Family.)

li. Starlin, born November 11, 1785, mar-
ried j^latthew Owens; had children:

1. Sarah, II. Joseph, III. Elizabeth, IV.
Samuel, \'. William.

III. William, born February 26, 1788,
married Eliza Piggs, December 6, PS08; the
children were: I. Ann, II. Eliza, III. Henry,
l\'. Eunly, V. Peniah, \'I. Jane, \'1II. El-
l.crt, VI 11. Pel., IX. Alisoji.

\.\ . Jane, born October 11), 1701), married
bull' Lewis, February l.'J, 1817; issue Eliza-
beth and Peniah.

\. Jehti, boru 17112, dieil Xovendjer 13,
is 15.

^'I. Nathan, born December 15, 1704,
married .Marv Saterlield Xoveudier 2, 1826;

ha.l children;' I. Charles, 11. E , III.

Pobert, IV. Thonuis, \. ^\Avy.

\\l. Thonni.s, born 17l>7, ilied 1802.

VII I. Petsy, born , died 1802.

IX. Beniaii, born 17911, died 1802.

X. Pobert, born 1803, died ilarch 19,
1811.

.XL Charles T., born Xoveudier 16, 1805;
married Idizabeth AVilliams, fine cdiild, ^lary
Iv; second wife,- IMary Pi<diards.

XTL Elizabeth, born 1807, died 1811.

XIII. :\Iary, born .\ngust Ki, 1808, mar-
ried Th(;ma.s Dorm.

Xl\'. Penjamin, born ^^fay 16, 1812; mai-
ried Elizabeth Clark; iss\ic: I. Elizabeth, II.

Henry, III. Z , IV. James, \. John,

W. Francis, A'^II. Penjamin, VITI. Beniah.

TuK Thaki' Fa.mii.v.

-, died

I. John Tharp, born —
had two children: William and Putli

II. AVilliam, son of John antl , mar-
ried Puth Clark; had one child, James.

III. James, son of William and Ruth
(Clark) Tharp, was born February, 1774,
died Se])tember 23, 1S21>, married luinice
k'lemina' January Is, 1 so:}; issue:

I. W'illiam.

II. Peniah, born Febniary 23, 1805, mar-
ried Alary .Vnderson; had the f(Jlowing chil-
dren: L Oeorgiana, II. "William, III. Peniah,
IV. Samuel, V. Laura, VL James, VFI. Eze-
kiel, VITI. Harriet, IX. Pauline, .X. Louisa.

III. Puth and Elizabeth, born Septendicr
30, 1806. Elizabeth died young. Puth mar-
I'ied Elias Stockley, no issue;

IV. James, born December 27, 1808, died
Alarch 12, 1849, married 1\L Alaggers; had
two children, James and Afarv.

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204

BWGRA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

V. Llewellyn, boru April la, isio, nfar.
ned Karali CJark aud liutli llai-ringtoii, by
fciaraii he had Jiuiijaiuiii and J^lmini and by
iiuth, Jehu. ■'

VI. Ana Jane, bora Jaauaiy iii', 1612
laarried Hosos liamaytoa; had children- i'
Harriet; 11. Charles J., iW. Jaae, iV. Aie-
iiiiie, \'. Enuaer, VI. Cieoryo.

\'I1. lieabua, born Uetuber U, IS 13 mar-
ried raniiy Ue Waele; ehildreii: 1. Joaaaa
II. Jauies, III. Faaay. IV. I'auline, V. Wil-
liam, V I. IJeubea, \n. Alfred, ^'11I. Foster,
I A. Llewellyn.

VIII. Jehu, bora September 1, 1815, died
January 10, 1879.

IX. Jonathan, boru June 28, 1817, married
JiUen A. l-reeman; issue, Alary.

X. Sarah, bora August 3, 1821, married
^ilham C. Polk; children: I. Catheriae, II
Iruston, III. Lizzie, IV. Xellie, V. William

■ T 7.^\^/*;'^.'"'' ''"'■" ^"^"^f S, 18l'4, married
J. I'. Melvia; had children: 1. William, ]I
James, III. Virmadella, iV . Fsterliaa, V
Flla.

.,P^-. William, soa of James and Eunice
(I'lemmg) Tharp, born November 27, 1803 '
died January 1, 18G5, married I^Iary A Juhn-
son January 1, 1828; the children are-

I. Kuth (]\ri-s. Bethuel Watson), born No-
vember 8, 1828. (For children, see Watson
family.) Fu-st married Au-ust 27 184(1
and after Mr. Watson's death; married Jlan-
iove 11. Carlisle, August 13, 18G1.
• ¥\^"" ^•' ''^^''^ I''<^'l'i-'>ary IG, 1831, mar-
ried Alonzo II. Keynohls; had children- T
William, 11. Leonard, IIL Arthur

IIL ilary E., bora May 15, 1833, married
treorge Tumlin; tlie children: L Frank II
Mary, III. George, IV. Lizzie. ' "

IV. Martiaa, born iLu-,-h 2, 1836, married
Robert J IIill; had children: I. William, IT
Clark, IIL IJuth, IV. Lucretia, V. Ilenrv
VL Wallace, VIL Harvey. ''

V. Williamina, born September 9 1838
niarried Cornelius J. Hall; the children are!
L JLiry, TL Anna, IIL William V. IV Bes-
sie, Y. Coraelius, VL Mina, VIL Lucy '

Ex-Governor William Tharp Watsoa, son
of Bethuel aa.l Ruth (Tharp) Watsoa, born
in JMilford, Lent County, Helaware, June 2'>
1849 Educated at the schools of ^filford'
St. Mary's College, Wihaincton, Del., and
Washmgton College, ]\rarvinHd. Entered
commercial pursuits in Philadelpbia tradin-
in gram, but not finding it pr„tilable, return"

ed to A dlord in 1882, and was elected to the
-eneral Assembly of the state of Delaware
bu relused to take his seat as he felt that he
had not fully complied with the Constitu-
lioaal recp.ireiaeats of three years reshleace.
\V as elected a scaator from Kent County in
^^^^, and speaker of the senate in 1895, and
I'V virtue of his ofhce became Governor of
the state upon the death of Governor Joshua

oi"'i tV ;^'"'''' ^^'^^- ^^^'"•'■^^"1 Deceml.er
-'', ^f^> ^ 'l^'^^'t J''- I^eall, of Philadelphia,
;j'Hl from this marriage one sou, Williaai
1 harp A\ atsoa, Jr., h,te a lieutenant of IT S
Vol. in the Hispano-American war.
The Watsox pAiiiLv.
1. John Watsoa, of Connecticut, bora
- — , died before 1G44, married Elizabeth
daughter of William Frost, of Fairfield
Coaa Alter Mr. Watson's death, hi, ^vidow,
Lhzabeth, married John Gray in 1G44 and
moved to Jamaica, Long Island.

bet 1 (Irost) A\ atsoa, born between 1G3U aud
1040, died in October, 1705. He accom-
panied his step-father and mother from Con-
necticut to Long I.laud and by purcha.; from
the Indians, became, with tw,; others the
owners and founders of Elizabeth, N J in
.1 ^"^^r-,-"^^''"' ^''^"tt'naiit and Commaader of
the Military Co. of that towa. Moved to
Lewes, Del., about 1677. Commissioned jus-
lec at Lewes, October 18, 1C78, aad several
times recommissioned. ilember of Pennsyl-

'^T^^ tf'"'^^^' ^^^'' ^' ^^- t'ouacillor,
lb83, 1688, 1689. High Sheriff of Sussex
Couaty 1,03 aad 1704. Will dated Sept.
6,1705. Proved Nov. 6, 1705. He was mar-
ried three times, first to Sarah \,y

whom ho had five children: ' "

L Luke, Jr., born , died in 1708. .

Appointed constable June 8, 1GS7, member
of^ Pennsylvania Assembly 1689, 1692 1698
1700, and 1701 and justice in 170-' ' Will
dated October 10, 1707. Probated April 9Q
1.0S_^ ]\rarried Mary , had a daugh-
ter, Elizabeth, who married Georae Tilliao--
toa whose daughter ^fary, married William
i ill.

2d. John, born , died in 1730 Will

dated January 20, 1729; probated February

•'iO. 1730; married Sarah ,,nd had

following children: James, Ilezekinh, Luke
Elizabeth Qrr.s. Sfeph..n Townseud) and'
.\larv.

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STATE OF DELAWAEE

205

3(1. Siuimel, horn , died in ]7:^4;

iHiirricd ; liad (diildrcu: Jolin, l.iike,

SaniiU'l, Marv, Hiisaii, Elizahcth and Sarali.

4tli. Isaac.

5tli. Klizaliotli, born in 1C73, died Febru-
ary 2, 1707; niamed Antiiony Morris, Sr., of
riiiladelpbia August 30, 1700.

liy his second wife, Margery, daughter of
Caj)tain Henry Siuitli, one daughter, "irary.

His third wife, Sarah (Paynter) died witli-
ont issue.

III. Isaac, son of Luke and Sarah Watson,

born about 1C05, died in 1730; married ;

oliildreu:

1. I?aae, born January, 1705, died Janu-
ary, 1773, married ; had ehiUheu:

I. Thomas, born January, 1772, II. Elias,
born January, 1757, died January, 1773.

2d. Eetliuel.

IV. lu'tliuel, son of Isaac Sr., and

born in 1710, died September 2, 1797, mar-
ried Elizabeth Smith, daughter of David
Smith; had ehikh'en:

1. David: had children: I. Jesse, married
Polly , II. Ester, married N. Davis.

2d. Jesse.

3d. Dethuel, born April 3, 1748, died Jan-
nary 9, 1810; married Jane Walton, who was
Iwirn Se])tember 21st, 1751; children were:
I'homas, Jane and Sarah.

4th. Alary, married John Collins; issue
Edith (Airs. Lawrence Reiley), Elizabeth
(Airs. William Keiley) and John who mariied
Sarah Hall.

5th. Zeppa, married Luke AValton; had
children: I. Watson, married Alary Killen, II.
Alary (Airs. William Baker), III. Nehemiah.

Gtli. Ester, married John Aletcalf; issue:
I. Thomas, nuirried Alary AViltbank, 1 [.
Afary, married Daniel Sturges, III. John.

7th^ Aiiomma, man-ied Ilandcock Collins;
issue: I. Ester, married Charles Draper, II.
Xancy, married Eli Shockley.

8th. Jane, died young.

X. Jesse, son of liethuel and Elizabeth
(Smith) Watson, born January 10, 1744, died
October 20, 1832; married Kachel Collins,
born 1747, died February 26, 1833; had chil-
dren :

I. David, born about 1776. AVas a Lieu-
tenant of Alilitia in 1808. By first wife,
Itaciiel Truitt, had children, Alartina, Nellie,
James, I)a\id ami Emiline. By second wife,
Airs. Keed, daughters, Alary and Elizabeth.

2d. Jerry ^married Betsy Burton; issue:
Jes&e, David, Cornelius, William, JWUie,
J\'ancy and Burton.

3d. Nellie, married Barker Warren.

4th. Beniah.

5th. Unknown.

\'I. Beniah, son of Jesse and Bachel (Col-
lins) AVatson, born September 19, 1784, died
October 22, 1844. He was commissioned
Lieutenant Third company, Seventh Begi-
ment, vice David AV^atson resigned, on Alay
4, 1808; promoted Februar}' 24, 1824, to
Captain of a Company of Grenadiers at-
tached to First Battalion of Seventh Kegi-
ment, Delaware Alilitia; promoted Alay 24,

1827, to be Alajor of a Battalion of Seventh
Bc'giment. Alarried January 25, 1809, Eliza-
bctli Shockley, who was born October 24,
17b4, died July 12, 1858, their children are:

1. Curtis, born December 10, 1809, died
August 3, 1897. He was a member of both
houses of the legislature of Delaware. He
married Sarah Davis, daughter of Thomas
r)avis, and had seven sons, of whom Beniah
and lujbei't Y. arc the only survivors. Airs.
Sarah AVatsoii dyiiig in 1851, Curtis S. AVat-
son, in 1853, man-ied Lydia A., daughter of
George AVbite, of Alilford, no issue.

2nd. Catherine (Airs. John S. Truitt),
born August 26, 1811, had the following
rliildren, Beniah, David, Elizabeth, Henry,
John, Alford, AVilliam and Frank.

3d. Ann, born August 17, 1813, died De-
cember 23, 1857; married Alanlove Iv. Car-
lisle, no issue.

4th. Bethuel.

5th. Beniah, born January 12, 1826, died
in California in 1849.

YII. Bethuel, son of Beniah and Elizabeth
(Shockley) AVatson, was born October 24,
1S16, died August 13, 1857. AVas a member
of the Legislature in 1857, dying a few
months after adjournment, married, August
27, 1846. Buth! daughter of E.\-Goyernor
AVilliam Tharp, who ^vas born No\'ember 8,

1828. The chihlren are:

1. Alary E., born September 22, 1847, mar-
ried C'liarles J. Ilarrincton, had childi'eu,
Bobert, Jessie, AVillia7n W., Afinuie, Charles,
Willis, James and Hei-;ler.

2nd. AVilliam T.

3d. Beniah, born February 13, 1851, died
Julv in, 1852.

4th. ATiuie B.. born .April 20, 1854, mar-
I'ii d J.ilin W. Causey.

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BIOGRAPHICAL ENCrCLOI'EDIA

Dtli. Miiinelia W., borzi .March 27, 1H58,
juarrit'd Charles V. Ileislcr, issue, C'liarlus,
Allan, KulauJ, Harrington and Kutli.

VIII. AVilliani T., son of lit-thufl and Kuth
(Tiiarj)) Watson, born Jnnu 22, 1840, mar-
ried Harriet B. BcaU, one child, AVilliani T.
AVatson, Jr.

IX. AViliiani T. Watson, Jr., son of Wil-
liam T. and Harriet B. (Beall) Watson, b.n'n
September 12, 1875.

DH. GEORC.E MOXRO, a physician of
early times, was bora at Xew t'astle, Delaware,
February 22, 17G0, son of George .Monro, of
Scotland, and Lydia Hall, Ids wife, and sister
of (Jovcrnor Hall, of Delaware. After re-
ceiving his primary education he entered
jSTowark Academy and graduated therefrom
with credit. He then took up the study of
medicine and graduated from the University
of Pennsylvania, lie served as surgeon dur-
ing the lievolution, being comnussioned Sur-
geon's ;Mate in the Sixth Virginia regiment.
Continental Establishment, in 1779, ami Hos-
I)ital Surgeon in 1781. Dr. :^^onro continued
in service with the Southern army to the close
of the war. Peace having been restored, Dr.
Monro went to Europe and attended medical
schools and hospitals in London and Edin-
burg for over two yeai-s, receiving the addi-
tional degree of :M. D., from the latter Univer-
sity. Returning home, he resinned the prac-
tice of his profession, in connection with farm-
ing, in X\>w Castle county in 1780. Shortly
after, he settled permanently in Wilnungton,
and after a residence of thirty-three yeai-s in
that city, he died October 11,' 1810. Tlis re-
mains lie in the First Presbyterian graveyard,
^farket street, Wilmington. Dr. ;Monro was
one of the trustees of the Wilmington Acad-
emy and College in 1803, and of X'ewark
Academy in 181!). He was a.ssistant treas-
urer of the Delaware State Society of the Cin-
cinnati from 1788 to 1790, and treasurer from
1799 to the di.ssolution. Dr. ;^^onro was a
man of high standing in his iirofession and
was greatly respected by his fellow citizon.s.
lie married Jemima, daughter of John and
Jemima (ifolleston') Haslet, ami left descend-
ants. (Set> Haslet Family.)

THE H.\SLET FAMILY.— From the

researches of ('apt. II. H. llrllas, as
published iu the AVilmington Sunday

Herald in 1898, it is learned that the Haslet
family was represented in Delaware and
.Maryland \n-\oY to the Revolution by three
brothers, John, Josei)h and William Haslctt
(as the name was then siielled), natives of the
north of Ireland and of Scotch-Irish Presbv-
terian stock. Another brother, James llas-
lett, renuiined at Coleraine in Ireland, and left
two sons, who cnngrated about the year 1800
to this country, and entered into business in
Paltimore as merchants, but subsequently set-
tled at Charleston, South Carolina.

The eldest of the four brothei-s, John llas-
lett, (or Haslet, as he eventually wrote his
name), was educated for the' ministry of the
Presbyterian clairch, but after his settlement
in ilisiiillion hundred, Kent county, Dela-
ware, he took uj) the practice of medicine.
During the French and Indian war he com-
manded a com])any in Col. James Bnrd's Sec-
ond Pennsylvania battalion in the exj)edition
against Fort Duijuesne in 1758, an account of
which may be seen in Pennsijlrania Arcliires,
Second Series, Vol. II.

At the outbreak of the Revolution he ac-
cepted the conunand of the Delaware regi-
ment furnished by the State ujjon the call of
the Continental Congress, a body of men
which AVashington Irving mentions as "Colo-
nel John Haslet's well e(iuipi>ed and well dis-
cijjlined Delaware regiment." Colonel Has-
let was commissioned January 19, 177l), and
remained in service until he was killed at the
battle of Priiu-eton, January 3, 1777. Ho
was buried in Philadel]ihia, but in IMl, his
remains were removed by the State of Dela-
ware, and buried with great ceremony on
July 3d in the Presbyterian churchyard at
I >over, where a monument nnirks their resting
jdace.

The record of Colonel Haslet's year of ser-
vice in the Continental army was one of sur-
passing patriotism and gallantry. His regi-
ment, brave men under a brave leader, shared
iu its glory. Everywhere and at all times
they were ready for the most jierilous sta-
tions, the most hazardous exploits. At the
battle of Long Island, they stood firm for
more than four hours, ^vith flying colors, the
Pritish artillery playing upon them, but not
daring to advance, although they were six
tiuu's as manv as the little liand of Delaware
and .\raryluiid patriot-^. More tlian once. Ir-
ving speaks of the "gallant remains" of Has-

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STATE OF DE LAW ABE

2G7

let's coninuuid. At tlie time wlien General
W'asliingtou was plauiiiug the surprise of tlie
Hessians at Trenton, Colonel Haslet was in-
disposed, and the conimander-in-cliief offered
him a furlongh, whieli he deelined, and re-
mained with his troops during that masterly
movement, only to fall a few days after at
I'rineeton. Of this action, Irving says: "The
loss of the Americans was about 25 or 30 men,
and several otticers. Among the latter was
Colonel Haslet, who had distinguished him-
self throughout the eampaign by being fore-
most in services of danger. He was indeed a
gallant ofKcer, and gallantly seconded by the
Delaware troops." — (Life of Washington,
vol. ii, \). 479.)

John Haslet married Jemima (ilolleston)
Brinckle, widow of John Brinckle, of Dover,
who survived ^[r. Haslet only a few months,
leaving five minor children to the guardian-
shi]> of his former frieml, William Killen,Es(j.,
afterwards the distinguished chancelli>r of
Delaware. These children (surname Haslet)
were as follows:

I. ilarv (Mrs. ilcGannant), who died
prior to 1803, leaving no issue;

IT. Ann, who married in 17SS ^faj. John
Patten, of the Delaware Line, and who dieil
prior to 1701, leaving no issue. ^lajor Pat-
ten, by his swond marriage to IMrs. ifary (Mil-
ler) Lockcrman, widow of Vincent Locker-
man, was the ancestor of the late Hon. Leon-
ard E. Wales, Judge of the United States
District Court, and of the jiresent Dr. John
P. Wales, of Wilmington;

III. Joseph, elected CJovernor of Dela-
ware in ISIO, (see sketches of the CJovernors),
and again in 1822. At the age of twenty-one
he removed from Kent county and settled as
a farmer in Cedar Creek Hundred. He mar-
ried fii-st, !Marv Draper, and, second, Pachel
Hickman, and died June 23, 1823. He is
buried in Cedar Creek Village, Sussex county.
He left issue as follows: i. Ann, ii. John, iii.
Joseph, iv. Jemima, all of whom di(^l without
issue surviving;

IV. .lolin, who became a physician and
died unmarried;

V. Jemima, b. November 7, 1775, d. July
10, 1821; m. February 27, 1793, to Dr.
George ^Nfonro, wlio was b. February 22,
1700, d. October 11, 1811). (See sketch of
Dr. George ^fonro.) They left (diildic n as
follows rsurname ^Tonro):

i. Lydia Hall, b. January 20, 179-i, m.
Kev. Kliphalet Gilbert, D. D., in 1819, and
had issue: 1. Ellen Douglass, m. William S.
Ciraham, 2. ALiry, m. Dr. Reginald Wright,
3. .Margaretta, m. Uev. tieorge ^IcXeil, has
two children, 4. George J\Ionro, unmarried,
5. Susan ^lonro, ni. Kev. J. Agnew Crawford,
D. D., has four children, 0. Sarah, m. Henry
Aufh'rson, Escp, laws'er, of New York;

ii. Haslet, born April 5, 1790, d. Septem-
ber 17, 1798;

iii. ^lary Ann, b. November 27, 1798, m.
Thomas J. Boyd, of Wilmington, has chil-
dren, 1. ]\Iar\' Stanley, 2. Harriet, 3. George
.Monro, 4. William Smith, 5. Thonuis J., all
unnmrried;

iv. George, b. May 14, 1801, d. August 27,
1802;

V. Jane, b. August 20, 1803, d. October 29,
1804;

vi. (icorge, b. October 4, 1805;

vii. Margaretta, Ik Decend)er 2, 1807, in
Wilmington, Del., d. in Pliiladeli)hia, July
10, 1841, buried in South Laurel Hill ceme-
tery, Philadelphia. ]\rarried -Vpril 20, 1820,
Dr. William DaiTach, of Philadelphia, who
was born dune 10, 1790, d. ilay 0, 1805, was
the son of James Dan-ach ami Elizabeth
I5radford, said James the son of Thomas
Darrach, of Antrim, Ireland, who settled in
-Nfaryland, and said Elizabeth daughter of
Thomas and Mary (Fisher) Bradford. The
children of Dr. William and ^largaretta
(.Monro) Darrach are: 1. Dr. Cicorge Monro
Darrach, uuii-ried and has issue, 2. Dr. James
Darrach, of Philatlelphia, m. Sarah ^forris,
granddaughter of Kobert .Morris of Picvolu-
tioiiary note, and has issue, 3. Mary, died un-
married, 4. iMuily, 5. I-llizabeth Bradford,
died unmarrie<l, 0. Lydia Gilbert, 7. Dr. Will-
iam Darrach, 2, deceased, m. Edith Bomeyn
-Vcrtsen, issue four children, Harriet and
]\rargaretta, deceased, and two living, James
]\r. ,\ei-tsen and William Darrach; (See gene-
alogies of the Darrach family.)

viii. Susan Emerson, b. .Viiril 22, 1810.

JA:\rES D.\BKACI1.— .\bout the year
1700 there came from .\utrim, Ire-
lan<l, antl landed in Delaware, three
bnitlu'i-s named res|)ectively : I. .lames, tli.'
subject of this sketch; II. John, who settled
at Smyrna; III. Thomas, who settled at
Ge(.)rgetowii, Kent counly, Alarylnud, and

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208

moan. i piiica l kncyclopf.via

from whom all tliose bearing the iiaiuc at llio
jjrt'sent time are descended.

'I'liey were of Scotch descent and by re-
ligion Presbyterians. The name signilies an
'"Oak." The Families spelling their name
"Darragh," "Darrah" and "Darrow'' are not
related to this family.

James was a merchant and land owner at
Apiwquinimink, called Cantrcll's liridge, and
now Odessa, St. George's Hundred, Xew
Castle county, Delaware.

In 1773 a subscription list of the Old
Dra'wyers Presb^'terian Church at Odessa
shows he was a subscriber to the building
fund.

In the "Old Drawyers" burial ground near
the church is a large brick vault with a large
slab, 1 tearing the following inscription:

''Beneath this stone are laid the remains
of ]\Ir. James Darrach, Merchant, who depart-
ed this life the 20th of March, 1784, aged 45
years. lie was an affectionate husband, a
tender father, steady fiicnd, good neighbor,
and honest dealer. Integrity and uprightness
distinguished the man. ITark from the tomb
a doleful sound. ]\[in6 ears attend the cry.
Ye living come and view the ground where
you must shortly lye.

"Also the remains of Mary, the wife of
James Darrach, who dei')arted this life Janu-
ary 15tli, 1797, aged 48 years. ]\Iy flesh shall
slumber in the ground Till the last trumpet's
joyful sound. 'J'hen burst the chains ■with
sweet surprise. And in mv Saviour's image
rise."

Issue as follows:

1. Timothy O. Dan-ach. Alive in 180.5
and of whom little is known.

2. James, died in infancy.
?>. Sarah, died unmamed

4. KUeu A. Darrach, school teacher, and
died in Philadelphia, unmarried, August 10,
1853, in 77th or 7!lth year.

Thomas Darrach came from Antrim, Ire-
land, (with two brothers, John and .Tame.s"),
landed in Delaware about 1700 and finally
settled at Georgetown, Kent county, ^lary-
land, where he purchased laud February,
1708, and died about the same year. He mar-
ried Charlotte Elake, of i^farvland, who died
at Philadelphia, ^Uy 24, 1812, aged 07 years
and 21 days; buried at !Mt. Vernon cemetery,
Philadelphia. Issue, one child, viz:

James Vanaili, liorn in (Jeorgetown, Aid.,
December 11, 1707. After the deatli of hi,
father, with his motiier, resided at Smyrna,
Dela\\arc, and finally removed to Philadel-
phia, where he ac(pured large property as a
manufacturer. He was a member of the Sec-
ond Presbyterian Church, Philadelphia. He
died F'ebruary 18, 1810, and is buried in Alt.
A'ernon cemetery, Philadelphia. December
11», 1793, he nuirried Elizabeth Bradford, b.
December 31, 1771, d. July 2, 1824 (daugh-
ter of Thomas Bradford and Alary Fisher;
who was the son of Col. AVilliam Bradford
and Pachel Budd, who wa^s the son of William
Bradford and Sytje Sautvoort, who was the
son of William Bradford, who, in 1082, land-*
etl with William Penn). (Bradford coat of
amis). James Darrach had issue, eleven
children, as follows:

I. Thomas Bradford Darrach, manufac-
tureer and merchant, born in Philadelphia,
March 11, 1795, resided in Philadeli)hia,
]\raryland and Delaware, and died in Phila-
delphia November 20, 1884. President vi
the Society AVar of 1812. July 17, 1.S17, he
man-ied Caroline Ilutchens, of Philadelphia,
died, aged 23 years and 9 months, buried
April 8, 1821 (daughter of Dr. Thomas
.Hutchens and Priscilla Alason), issue two
children, (1) Caroline Eliza Bradford, b. May
22, 1818, d. June 24, 1840, not married; (2)
^ifason Hutchens, b. Alarch 31, 1821, d. Feb
ruarv 2, 1871, Oroville, California, not mar-
ried. ]\ray 15, 1828, mamed Cordelia Eliza-
beth Puchards,.b. January 25, 1809, d. Feb-
ruary 24, 1870 (daughter of ]\Iark Piehards
and Sophia KneiT, of Philadel]jhia). Issue
six children, viz: Fanny, Fallen, Eliza, died in
infancy, Edgar, Florence, died in infancy,
Alice, died in infancy.

IF. AVilliam Darrach, :\r. D. P.orn iu
Philadelphia June 10, 1790, died in Philadcl-
])liia ]\ray 0, 1805, buried South Laurel Hill,
Philadelphia. AVas educated at the Pniver-
sity of Pennsylvania, and graduated at Prince-
ton, 1815; studied in the Aledical Schools of
London, Edinburgh and Paris. In 1822, Dr.
Darrach commenced the ])ractice of medicine
in Philadelydiia. He Avas an elder in the
Second Presbyterian church, Philadelphia.
Dr. AVilliam Darrach's tirst marriage, April
20, ISl'O, was tn Marsjrctta, b. Dcccndx-r 2,
1807, d. July 10, iS41 (.laughter of Dr.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

209

George ilonro and Jemima Haslet; see Haslet
and .Monro families). Issue by iii-st marriage,
7 children, as follows:

1. George Monro Darracli, il. D., of Ciuu-
bcrland, Ind., married iSepfendjer lT), 1.S55,
iliss Louisa Hamilton (daughter of Col.
iramiltou, Indianapolis, Ind). Graduated,
Literary i'ept. University of Pennsylvania
1S48. iledical course, 185U, rennsylvania
College. Issue 5 children, viz.: (1) "William
Handlton, b. Dee. 31, 185G, d. Sep. 25, 1S57;
(i') Frank ^lonro; (3) James Hamilton, m.
Septcanber 12, 1888, Nellie T. Woolfolk, issue
2 children, ]\[arie Louisa and C'harles !Mouro;
(4) Chaides Sadler; (5) Eugene Haslet, m.
iHss ]\raud Huntingdon, issue Haslet Hunt-
ingdon, died in infancy; one other child died
in infancy.

2. James DaiTach, M. D., of Philadelphia.
Graduated Literary Dept. University of
Penua, 1850; Pennsylvania Medical College,
1852. :\Lirried February 18, 1802, Sarah
ilorris (granddaughter of Ilobcrt jMorris of
the Pevolution). Issue i children, viz.: (1)
!Margretta, died in infancy; (2) Edith ilorris,
married April 18, 1802, Mai-shall S. Shap-
leigh, one child James HaiTach; (3) Caroline,
died in infancy; (4) Pobert ]\Iorris, man-ied
on February 17, 1898, to Elizabeth C. WoUe;

3. !Mary ^fargretta DaiTach, died Septem-
ber 5, 1885, uiunarried;

4. Emily DaiTach;

5. ]";iizabeth Bradford Darrach, died im-
man-ied;

0. Lydia Gilbert Darrach;

7. AVilliam Darrach, M. D., of Philadel-
phia, (iraduated at the University of Penn-
sylvania Literary Dept., 1857 or 8, iledical
Department, 1801. Died January 28, 1881.
]\Iarried, April 13, 1871, Edith Pomeyn Aert-
sen (daughter James M. Aertsen, Philadel-
phia). Issue 4 children, viz.: (1) James if.
Aertsen, (2) William, (3) Harriet, died in in-
fancy, (4) ^fargi-etta, died in infancy.

The second maiTiage of William Darrach,
M. D., Sr., was on September 25, 1.S45, to
Christiana Elizabeth Gobrecbt, b. Fi-lirnarv
20, ISlf), d. :\rarch 3, 1890 (daughter of
Chri-tian Golirecht aiul !Mary Hamilton;
Christian Gobrecht was the son of Pev. John
Christo])her Gol)reclit and Elizabeth Sands).
Issue 0 cliildren, viz.:

1. Charles Gobrecht Darrach, Civil Engi-
neer, married ^Fay 18, 1870, ^fartha Amv V.

Tearne (daughter of IJev. "Walter Tearne).
Issue 0 children, viz.: (1) Lydia Amy, died
in infancy, (2) Grace, (3) Charles (iobrecht,
(4)W'alter 'J'earnc, (5) .Margery, and (0)
.\niy ;

2. lulward Fisher Darrach, d. March 4,
1804, not luanied;

3. Henry Darrach, Attorney-at-Law, Phila-
deli)hia. Married February 12, 1880, Caro-
line Sjiroat (daughter of Han-is Lindsay
Sproat, l'"s(j., and Caroline Ilutchins, daughter
(if \\'illiain Sheepshanks and Ann Spencer).
Issue 4 children, viz.: (1) Christine, (2) Edna
Sproat, (3) Helen Caroline, died in infancy,
(4) Kathleen;

4. Alfred Darrach, Philadelphia, married
June 10, 1887, Susan Ustick Harris (daughter
of Edward Harris and ^Uwy Gulielma Ustickj.
Issue 5 children, viz.: (1) Susan Ustick, (2)
Eleanor, (3) Alfred Gobrecht, (4) Edward
Harris, (5) Elizabeth Lydia;

5. Francis Leannng Darrach;

0. Eleanor Darrach, married December 2,
1880, to Frederick AV. Halsey, of Yermout.
Issue 6 children, viz.: (1) Eleanor, (2) Fre<le-
rick W., Jr., died in infaiu;}', (3) William
Darrach, (4) Phoebe died in infancy, (5) Alary
Darrach, (0) Alice.

III. Pev. Samuel Fisher Darrach, born
in Philadelphia, Decend)cr 9, 1797, gTaduate^l
at Princeton, N. J., 1818. Died unmarried
at Wcinheim, Germany, November 1, 1824.

jy. James Darrach, born in Philadelphia,
Septendier 11, 1799, died in infancy.

Y. Charlotte Darrach, born in Philadel-
phia, December 13, 1800, died December 11,
1832, at Old Neck, N. C, man-ied, 1822, to
Dr. Josiah C. Skinner, of Edenton, N. C.
Issue.

YI. Afary Darrach, born in Philadelphia,
October 5, 1802, died unmarried, July 25,
1819.

Yll. Elizabeth Darrach, born in Philadel-
])hia, July 0, 1804, d. September 5, 1808.

A'^III. James Darrach, born in Philadel-
]diia, June 27, 1800, died 'May 15, 1889, at
I'i.^hkill, on the Hudson, N. Y. blamed.
Ajn'il 22, 1830, Helena White, b. July 5,

1800, d. . He was educated at

Phillips Academy, Andover, and grailuated
at Yale College, ^ranufactnrer at ^lauayunk,
Philadel|ihia. An active meudier of Fir^t
Presbyterian church, Manayuuk.

Issue nine children, as fulhiws:

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270

BIOGRAPHICAL KXCYCLOI'EDIA

1. Bartow Darrach, b. ihm-h 21, 1831, d.
July 19, 1803. He was Surgeon (iuueral
Tliird Army Corjis in General Slienuan'si
Division. ^Married Novenilier 10, 18")!), Har-
riet L. Ely, of Xew York. Issue, .lames Ab-
ner, b. October 15, 1850, d. Mareb 31, 18(13,
and .Julia, b. September, 1S()2, d. .Mareb l'5,
1SU3;

2. Charlotte Skinner Darraeli, b. February
15, 1833, died .Tuly 13, 1834;

3. Samuel Adger Darraeli, Inventor, mar-
ried January 3, 1804, Julia Angell (daughter
of Benjamin and Sarah Angel! of .^^au^■hester,
Jamaica, West Indies). Issue, 7 ciiiiilreu, as
follows: (1) Sarah (married January 10, 1897,
]Mi'. Joseph Shipley Xewiin, issue Anna
AVbite), (2) ilay, '(3) Tharlcs :Marshall, (4)
Samuel Angell, (5) Bartow White, (married
]\Iay Bmicher, issue, Ilelciui Angidl), (0)
James Wilmarth, (7) Samuel Adger;

4. Rev. AVm. B. Darraeli, not nianied;

5. ilary White Darraeh, married Decem-
ber 22, 1875, at :\Iiddletown, X. Y., to Mr.
Hector Craig, issue two children: (1) Frede-
rick Phillippse, (2) Harriet Ituena;

G. Thomas Darraeli, b. .luly 12, 1841, d.
September 3, 1850;

7. Louis Darraeh, b. January 24, 1844, d.
:March 30, 1845;

8. James Darraeh, b. January 28, 1S4(!, d.
:May 17, 1850;

!). Bradfoixl Darraeh, mamcd February
8, 1872, :Miss ]\[ary Harwood. Issue 2 chil-
dren, Pauline, and Bradford.

IX. Ann Darraeh, born in Philadoiphia,
June 6, 1808, died September 18, 1809.

X. Benjamin Rush DaiTach, born in Phila-
delphia, February 10, 1810, died September
13, 1810.

XI. Eliza Ann Darraeh, born in Philadel-
phia, October 9, 1811, died July 20, 1812.

By Henry Darraeh, 025 Walnut St., Phila-
delphia.

Following are genealogical records of the
PiniVES, COLESBEKRY, KENXEDY
an.l DABRACH families, from which Mr.
(r. Colesberry Piirves has descent. They are
extracted from the ''History of Original Set-
tlers in Delaware," by B. Ferris, pp. ISO, 189,
213, 307; from the records of Holy Trinity
(Old Swedes) church, AVilmingtou, Del.; and
from private documents.

The Coi.f,siu:i;i{V Family.

Swen Kalsberg, or Colesberg, born in
Sweden, emigrated before 1700, died
ill Delaware in January, 1710; married

Elizabeth , had issue: 1. Heiirik, or

Henry, Colesberg, later Colesberry, born in
1702, died August 12, 1700; married Eliza-
beth , born in 1709, died in 1771, and

had children, i. Mary, born in 1730, ii. Eliza-
beth, born in 1732, iii. Jacob, born in 1734,
iv. Swaiii, born in 1730, v. Henry, born in
1739, vi. William, born in 1742, vii. Susanna,
liorn in 1744, viii. Rachel, born in 174 — , ix.
Martha, born in 1750.

.lacob Colesberry, eldest son of Henry and
Elizal)eth Colesben-y, born in 1734, died Au-
"•ust 2^, 1797, married Catherine (ireaven-
reat, January 20, 1701, had children: 1. An-
drew Greavenreat, born 170)2, tliwl 1S;'.1; II.
Levi, born 1703, died 1808; III. Henry,
born 1700, died 1849, married first Sarah,
daughter of James Brindley, who was bom

^ , (lied December 14, 1800, bad one

(.■hild, Elizabeth B., born Xoveniber 21, 1800,
married Lieutenant, afterward Brigadier-gen-
eral Lorenzo Thomas, H. S. A.; and secondly,
in December, 1820, married Hester I>owman,
born in 1791, died 1820, bad a son, William
Henrv, who removed to Ohio, married, and
died in 1S()0; IV. Isaac, bom 1708, died
1797; V. Jacob, born 1771, died 1818; VI.
.Marv,liorn 1774, died 1810; VII. Margaret,
born 177(1, died ISlO; VIII. Catharine,
born 1781, died 1802; IX. William, born
1785, die.ri848.

Jacob Colesberry, 2, fifth son of Jacob jind
Catherine (fJreavenreat) Colesberry (1771-
1818), man-ied Robinett, had child-
ren: I. Catherine (^Ii-s James Gooden), of
Cincinnati, O.; TL ^fargaret (Mi-s. John
Gooden), of Cincinnati, O.; III. .lacob; IV.
Isaac, bom ilay 0, 1799, died February 10,
1881, man-icd Mary Reynolds, had children,
i.^':iizabeth, ii. Mary, iii. Ah-xandcr P., iv.
Anna, v. Catherine, vi. Henry.

TiiK Plthves F.\mily.

John Purves, the son of Alexander Pnrves,
Sr., was born in lierwickshire, Scotland, De-
ceinber I7th, 1738. Date of emigration^not
known, ni. Ann :Marot June 3Uth, 17(15.
(Her parents were exiled Huguenots.) .lohn

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STATE OF DELAWARE

271

Piirves and his wife settled at Eridgeton, N.
J., lie d. 1S02. Their children were:

1. Alexander, b. Sep. 20tli, 17GU, ni. Mar-
garet daiigh. Jacob Colesberry Nuv. (Jth, IbOO,
d. .July 2.sth, 1727;

2. John, b. 17GU, d. 1772;
;]. Ann, b. 1771, d. 1772;

4. ihu{;aret, b. 1773, ni. John ililnor, d.
1S4U;

-,. Peter, b. I77fi, d. 17'.t8.

^lar^aret, second daughter of Jacob and
Catherine ((ireavenreat) t'olesberry, burn
Ai)ril IS, 177(3, died August 25, 181lj, mar-
ried Xovcniber 6, 1800, to Alexander Piirves,
had children: I. John, bom ])eccnil)er 15,
ISUl, died ^^rarch 28, 1848, married .hiana de
Parillo, had issue, i. Gertrude, who died in
1SU2, ii. John, also died in 18G2; H. Henry
(\, born August 17, 1803, died in 1821), mar-
ried , had issue, i. Robert; HI. Alex-
ander, born 1800, diwl 1810; IV. James W.,
born 1808, died 1821); V. William, burn \\-
eendjer 28, 1809, died October 28, lss(i; VI.
Andrew, born in 1811, died 1812; \'II. Jo-
seph Ward, born 1813, died 1830.

William Purves, fifth son of Alcxan(U'r
and ^largaret (Colesberry) Purves (180!)-
1880), married Anna Kennedy, (1811-188!!.),
had children: I. Lydia Maxwell; H. William
Kennedy; III. Gnillenno Colesben-y; 1\'.
Ellen E. ; \. Geoi-g-e Tybout.

Henry Colesberry,, born in 1702, was lieu-
tenant in Ca])tain William Danford's c(^m-
pany, of the regiment commanded by Colonel
John Gooding, Sr., one of the two Xew Cas-
tle county regiments in the provincial servic;
(l747-'48). (Archives of Pennsvhania, Sec-
ond Series, Vol. II, p. 513.)

The Kenxedy Family.
David Kennedy, born

174!», left Scotland with his son William
about 1715, and settled in Antrim, Ireland.
William Kenneily married Elinor Armstrong,
and had children: I. John, born in 1731); If.
David, born 1741, died 1802; III. James,
born 1743, died 1787; IV. Jane.

David Kennedy, 2, second son of \Villiam
and Elinor (Armstrong) Kennedy (1741-
1802), landed at Xew Castle, Del., '.May 18,
17<)0; was corporal in Captain Smith's cdin-
]iany, Delaware regiment of Contincnlal
triiiips, under Colonel John llaslct; ma)ric(l
first Agnt's White, who died without is>iu- N'o-

vembcr 29, 1877; his second wife was Susan-
na Pugh, who died April 11), 1785, leaving
children: 1. -Mary, born 1783, died 1785; II.
William, born Ajiril 8, 1785, died 18(11, mar-
ried Ellen Darrach July 4, 1805, and had
children, i. Susan, ii. .Vnna, horn in 1811,
died 1S80, married William Piirves, iii.
David, iv. Eliza. On November 12, 1788,
David Kennedy, 2, was married to Margaret
Lewis; their children were: 1. ^lary, bom
Xovember 2(i, 1781), marrie<l Dr. David
Stewart, die<l April 7, 1810; 11. David, 3; III.
James; IV. Sarah; V. Susanna; VI. Mar-
garet, born October 3, 1799.

On the tombstone of the first David Ken-
nedy, in the Presbyterian churchyard at
Smyrna, Del., is the following inscrijition:

David Kkxnkuy.
Born ilarch 17, 1741, in Antrim, Ireland;
landed at Xew Castle, Del., May 18, 17G0;
took an active and decisive, though hundJe,
part ^\^th the patriots of the Kevolution.

Died December 28, 1802.

Diligent and successful in business,
Fervent in spirit, serving the Lord.

As you are now, so once was I ;

As I am now, so you will shortly be;

Prepare to f(Jlow me.

Family of Joux DAiuiACii.

Sometime ]irior to 1707 there came from
Antrim, Ireland, three young men, Scotch-
Irish Presbyterians, Thomas, John and James
Darrach. John Darrach, merchant, re^ided
in Smyrna, Del., died December 25th, 1801,
m. Jane daugh. of William White January
7th, 1775. Their children were:

1. Anne, b. I)ecember, 1775, <1. Septend)er
nth, 1811;

■1. William, b. September 24, 1777, m. De-
borah ^Ion-is in 1788, d. :\Iay 1st, 1800;

;;. John, b. October 10, 17M. m. ^Margaret
daugh. of Dr. David Stewart in 1807, .1. 1810;

4. Elk'u, b. October 2, 17^3, m. William
Kennedy July 11, 1805, d. February l'1,
1 M 8 ;

5. Thomas, b. October 3, 1785, d. January
3, 1808;

(i. Lydia :\lcCond), b. December 19, 1787,
d. in August, 1812.

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272

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

toii, Del., boii of Aaron and baruli \\ . (^L'uu-
nypackerj L'ourad, was horii at UriJusbiirg, a
iiortLcabtern suburb ot i'liilaJclphia, i'a.,
Ainil -I'o, 1S5-!.

JJolli of ^Mr. (.'uurad's iiarouts were de-
scc'iided from those staid and substautiid Teu-
loiiie iiumigraiiti who established themselves
111 (.Jermaiitowii about the time of the settle-
meut of William Peun, aud who left to that
jjlaee the heritage of its name aud their hon-
ored memory. Aaron Conrud was born De-
cember 25, 1805, near the '"Ijlue iiell," iu
Montgomery county, Pa. lie was engaged
successively in milling, farming and the coal
business; iu the last-named industry ho was
very prosperous, and -while engaged in it \v;i3
a resident of Nicctown and Uridesburg. In
185G, when his sou, Henry C, was four years
of age, Aaron Conrad disposed of his coal in-
terests, and settled in the western part of
Wilmington, Del., where he became, notwith-
standing his somewhat retiring disposition, a
leading and influential citizen. His business
operations, during his residence in Wilming-
ton, were principally in real estate, in that
city and in Caroline county, ild. By the ex-
tensive im])rovements which he planned and
executed, he contrii)uted larpcly to the
growth and emhellishment of Wilmington.
Altluiugh of cpiiet aud rather reservetl man-
ner, ^Ir. C'onrad's upright character and
kindly nature won for him the confidence and
regard of all with whom lie came in contact;
and had he desired it, he might have become a
conspicuous figure iu jniblic life. He con-
sented to serve as a member of the City Coun-
cil of AVilmington, to which he was elected in
1877 and re-elected in 1878, representing the
Fifth Ward. He died during his second
term, December 31, 1878, full of years and of
honor. Aaron Conrad was a member of the
Society of Friends.

Henry C. Conrad was educated in the pub-
lic schools, and afterwards attended the clas-
sical schools of T. Clarkson Taylor and Wil-
liam A. Eeynolds. He took a law course at
Harvard TTniversity, graduating there with
the degree of LL. B. in 187^.. 'Mr. Conrad
wa."! entered a.s a student with Hon. Anthony
Higgius, and was admitted to the bar of Xew
Castle county Novemlier 2.3, 1S74-. N'ot long
after this, he liegan to "make his mark" in
politics. He has alwavs been a Bconl.licnn,
mid his ehirpient and incisive speeclic-; in be-

half of the candidatea of that party, made
wlien he had scarcely more than alttained his
majority, ga\c prumisc of tuture lulluence
and growing power, ilis public services have
been many and uf Narud character. In IbT'J,
Mr. Conrad was elected a member of the
Board of i'ublic Education, and served for
three years, being for the last two years presi-
dent of the Board, in lbi>-l, he was elected
president of the City Council of Wilmington,
whicli was one of the earliest triumphs ot his
party, after a long period of Democratic rule.
in Ibbo, he was the Bepublican candidate for
Mayor, but was defeated. Being appointed
United IStates Chief [Supervisor of Elections
fur the District of Delaware in 187'J, by
Judge Edward G. Bradford, he served in that
capacity until 1890. He was the Bepublican
candidate for County Comptroller iu IbOii,
but, with the rest of the county ticket, was
defeated. On the death of Judge Leonard E.
AVales, in 1S97, the name of Henry 0. Con-
rad was prominently mentioned as his suc-
cessor in the office of U. S. District Judge for
the District of Delaware. In June, 1897, he
was elected City Solicitor of Wilmington by
a majority of six humlred.

The vei-satility of ^Mr. Conrad's talents is
illustrated by his brilliant success as editor of
the Morning Fcws which he owned and con-
ducted for about a year (1880-81), and to
which the character of his work at once gave
])0])ularity, influence, and an extended circu-
lation. His literary ability is of no mean or-
der, and his ser\-iccs to the cause of popular
education are most valuable. His connection
with the Board of Education has already been
mentidned; in addition to this, he has devoteil
special attention to the education of cohired
])cople, a wiirk of which he has been one of
the most ardent promotei-s. For fifteen years
he was Actuary of the African Sidiool So-
ciety, and by virtue of that office was the hea'l
of the movement whereby colored children
were afForde<I school facilities at a time when
the State made no ju-ovision for them.
Among other literary pursuit.'^, ]\rr. Conrad
has taken especial pleasure iu history, and
has done all in his jicwer to verify and ])r--
servo the traditions of the State of Delaware,
and to perpetuuate its historical records. For
the past three years he has been the librarian
of the Historical Society of Delaware, aud his
]j;uustaking and iutelligeiit research, evi-

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STATE OF DELAWABE

273

ik-m-eJ by the valuable ])n[iers ou various
topics wliieli he has contriliuteJ to the litfia
ture of the society, has made hiiu high author-
ity on questions referring to the chronicles oi
the \n\^t. As a writer and a si)eaker, in poli-
tics and in literature, -Mr. Conrad is well
known throughout the state, and beyond its
limits; in equal degree he enjoys the still
nioi-e desirable reputation of a man of honor-
able and beneticent nature. He is a member
of the Order of K. of P., and of the I. 0. 11.
ir., and is conspicuous and inlluential in both.
Henry C. Conrad was married in lS8i to
Sarah J., daughter of Albert and Ivachel K.
(Stem) Longaker, of ISTorristown, Pa. Their
children are: I. Edith L.; IT. l^iclud L.
IMr. Conrad has been for years a member jf
Gi-.ice ^r. E. church, and is recognized as a
leadintr ^lethodist lavman.

JOIIX D. ASPIN", P. O. Wilmington,
Del., Mill uf .Folin and ,^[argaret (Slack) .\spin,
was bi.irn in Wibnington, Del., December lil,
1S74.

.Mr. Aspin's ancestors, both paternal and
maternal, were English. AVilliam Asiiin, his
gTandfather, was born at Staley Bridge, l''ng-
hand, and emigrated to America in IStii). lie
married Sarah Stafford. Of their children
but three are living: I. James, who resides
in Bolton, England; IT. ^fargaret, wife of
Bobert AVockIs, whose home is in Illinois; TIT.
Xancy (]Mrs. James Shepley), of Lajicashire,
England.

Jiilin Aspin was born in Lancashire,
England, August 2, 1S32. His youth was
s]pent in his native eountiw, where he leanied
block printing. In 1855 he came to America
and engaged in coffee roasting in Philadcl-
])liia, and afterwards in Wilmington, continu-
ing in that business until his death, lie was
a successful man and a good citizen. John
Aspin was married in Tlarpurhey, Lanca-
shire, England, August 21, 1854, to AFar-
garet Slack, who was born in Dutinville, Eng-
land. To them were born seven children,
two of whom died in infancy. The survivors
are: T. Dorothv Ann (ifi-s. John Bowling);
IT. Sarah (Afrs. W. Dean Chalfant); ITT. ^far-
garet (Afrs. John Kienle); Florence Alay
(]\Trs. Albert Biggs); IV. John D. All re-
side in Wilmington.

John D. .\spin received his primary edu<'a-
ti<iii ill the public schools of Wilmington and

then began sit the Jfugby academy u course of
study which was brought to an abrupt close
by the death of his father. This event obliged
him to devote all his energies to the direction
of the business left by the deceasi'd, of which
he assumed the maiuigement, and in order to
qualify himself full}- for his work, attended
the night session of the Wilmington Business
College. The business, which is an extensive
one, was established thirty-eight years ago by
John Aspin. After his death, his widow con-
ducted it as owner until 18'J1, when John D.
Aspin was admitted to partnership; since then
the firm name has been 1\[. Aspin & Son, and
their business is de.-<cribed as "Jobbers and
Boasters of Cotfee." John 1). .\s)iin is a
member of Lafayette Ledge, No. 14, E. S: A.
IM.; St. John's Commandery, Xo. 1, K. of P.,
and Eidelity Lodgi^, Xo. 28, A. O. U. W. In
his connection with these fraternal organiza-
tions he has followeil the example of his
father, who was a member of Lafaj'ette
Lcidge, E. tt A. "SI.; St. John's (Jommandery,
IC. of P., and Fairfax Lodge of the I. 0. 0. F.
-Mr. Aspin is independent in politics and votes
for the men he believes will best lill the otKces.
John D. Aspin was married in Wilming-
ton, ^larch 18, 1890, to Elizabeth, daughter
of W'addington and Elizabeth Brad way.
They have one child, ^largarct B., bom Alay
21, 1897. ]\Ir. Aspin and his family attend
the Protestant Episcopal church.

TIIO:\rAS CUBLEY, "Wihnington, Del.,
son of Thomas and ilary (Carroll) Curley,
was born in Boscommon, Ireland, Xo\'ember
11, 1829.

ITis ancestors, paternal and maternal, were
Irish. His nniternal grandfather was a na-
tive of Boscommon and died in that city. ITis
father, Thomas Curley, was born in Boscom-
mon, and resided there until 1849, when he
emigrated to America and made his home in
ifelrose, N. Y., where he died. He had five-
children, of whom Elizabeth, widow of John
Smith, residing in Xew York City, and
Thonms Curley are the only ones now living.

Thomas (hirley, Jr., attended school in
Ireland, and in June, 1848, .sailed across the
Atlanticoceanto Xew York City, where he re-
mained about four months, going thence to
X^ew Orieans, La. Tn 184 8 he left and after-
wards went to Savannah, da. Tn 1849 he
went to Louisville, TCy., and in 1S50 to Xew

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■274

BIOORAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

^'ork. In 1851, he came to A\'iliiiiiif;toii to
Liiild tlie gas works, and this city lias bi'cn his
lionie since that time. lie has ever since been
connected with the Wilmington Coal (Jas
Company, and since ITtiT has heen its super-
intentlent. ilr. Ciirley is independent in poli-
tics and has never allied himself with any
party.

L)n Jnly 10, 1S54, Thomas Curley was niar-
ned to -Mary, danghter of J'hilip and ^lary
(Doole}') Bowe, natives of (^leen's county,
Ireland. One of their children, John -M.
Curley, died in 1S84, aged 28 yeai-s; another
died young and those surviving are: I. ^lary
II.; II. Elizabeth (Mrs. Michael Xewell); III.
Klcaiior M. ; IV. Edward J., assistant superin-
tendent of the ^^'ilming•ton gas works; Y.
Thomas I'., in employ of the \\'ilmington (Jas
company; VI. .\gncs li. ; ^'II. Charles
Fallon. .Mr. Curley and his family are mem-
bers of St. Peter's 11. C. church,. Wilmington.

John ^I. Curley was born Xovember '1,
1850, and was grailuated from St. .Mary's col-
lege, Emmittsburg, .Md., after which he en-
tered the medical department of the Tniver-
sity of Pennsylvania and si)ent two years
there. In 187!) he entereil the employ of the
Wilmington Gas company, aiul began tln'
study of gas eugineenng, acting at the same
time as assistant superintendent. In Septem-
ber, 1884, he was apjiointed superintendent
of the Bristol gas works at Bristol, Peun'a.,
and four months later, died tlii're of typh<iid
fever.

Edward C. Curley was born in Wilming-
ton, February 22, 1807, and was educated in
the j)Sldic and''?}ie Friends' schools. Since
1S84 he has^een connectwl with the gas
works and is now assistant suix-rintendent.

Thomas F. Curley attended the public,
schools of Wilmington and su]»plcmente<l the
instruction received there by a course in Dela-
ware College. He has been with the gas com-
pany since 1887. He was married in Wil-
mingt,on, August 24, 1802, to Eleanor M.,
daughter of Thomas and Heuriettii (Clark)
Hauway. Thomas Hanway is (lecease<l.
Thomas F. Curley is a mendier of the A. O.
V. W.

Charles Fallon Curley received his ])ri-
mary education in the jmblic schools of AVil-
mington, passing through the high school, and
subsequently entered Cicorgetown Fuiv(>rsit\',
Washington, 1). C., and graduated fi-cui this

institution with the degree of B. A. in the
class of 18U7. In September of the same year
he entered Harvard Law School where at date
of writing he is still pin-suing his studies.

PHILIP PKTFR TYRE, Wih.iington,
son of A'icholas and .Margaret (KcetVr) Tvrc,
was born in Baden, in the (irand Duciiy of
Baden, (iennany, April ;J, 1825.

His paternal ancestors as far back as his
great-grandfather, at least, were natives of
Baden. The hi.story of his paternal grand-
father is unknown. His maternal grand-
father was a C(joi)er by trade and was engaged
in that occupation until his death. Xiidiolas
Tyre, father of Philij) P. Tyre, was engaged
in various occupations in his native land, until
1830, when, with his wife, he cmigratetl to
America. He landed in Baltimore and for
some time nnide his home there, working in
different iron mills in the city. Fri>m Balti-
more he went to Havre de Crace, .Md., and
there was cmjiloyed by the P., W. eV l!. R. R.
Co. In 184U he removed to La (Jrange, Har-
ford county, and worked for three years in the
La (Jrange iron mills. In 184;5 he ])urcha.sed
a farm of 40 acres for $102.00 and tilled it
until 187!*, when he took up his residence in
Wilmington and died there at the advanced
age of eighty-four. Ilis widow reached the
age of ninety-one years. They are buried in
ilount Salem cemetery, Wilmington.

Xii'holas Tyre married .Margaret Keefer,
of Baden. They had two chililren: I. Philip
Peter; II. .Margaret (.Mrs. Frederick Wag-
ner), of Wilmington, whose children ai-e: i.
David, ii. Jacob, iii. Frederick, iv. .Maggie, v.
Frederick, s<]me being re-ideuts of Wilming-
ton, and some of Harford county, ild.

Philij) Peter Tyre received liis primary edu-
cation in fJermany, and this was supple-
mented ])y several terms in jirivat^e schools
in ^laryland. He came to this country from
(iernumy in 18;i<), when he was fourteen
years old, landed in Baltimore and imuie<iiate-
!v went to his father's home in Havre de
C<race. \ year later the family removed to
La (irange, where Philip Peter attended
school for several yeai-s and then obtained
work with his father in the iion mills. There
he remained for three years, until he was
twenty-one years old, and then he came to
Wilmington, rightly believing that he could
imjirovc his circumstances here. Hi- duties

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STATE OF DELAWARE

275

ill the La (> range mills were very onerous and
l)oor]y ret-unipensed. His father worked
twelve hours of the day and the young man
took his j)lai-e dunng the remaining twelve.
For this lalior each received but tifty -eight
cents i)er day. On iiis arrival in Wilnungtun,
in lb4(), ^Ir. Tyre obtained employment in
the (juarrirs ak)ng the iirandj'wine ereek.
lie spent twenly-two years tiiere as an em-
ployee, anil l)y the e.xpiration of that time had
aeeumulated a sutficient sum of money to be-
eoiiie an cnii)Kiyi'r of labor. His tii-st venture
was a (|uarry on Klliott's farm, on the ui.irtli
side of tlie lirand^'wine; his second, a ipiarry
on the iirojji'rty of the late James Kiddle, ou
llie south ^ide of the i^randywine. The lat-
ter lie uperated for fourteen years, and tlien
)iurchased Ins j)reseut quames, situated on
Shellpdt ereek, IJrandywine hundred, Xew
('a>tle cduuty. From these he obtains stone
wjueh he |irepares in his estal)lishment for
jiaving, cm'i>ing, or building purposes. ^Ir.
Tyre has been a T'epidilican since the break-
ing u]> of tlie Whig party.

Philip Peter Tyre married. May 23, 1S5",,
Saraii, daugiiter of James and ^largaret Tin-
ney, a native of the parish of Lefer, County
Donegal, Ireland. Their children are: 1.
John, married ^fargaret !Marsden, and had
children, i. James, died in infancy, ii. Mary
Jane, iii. Fannie; IT. ]\Iargaret (.Mrs. ("iiarles
II. Bonham), has fotn- children, i. Henry, ii.
Leslie, iii. Sarah, iv. Ktliel; III. James, mar-
ried Fiiza C(jle, has children, i. Pliilip, ii.
Harris, iii. .Marion; IV. Sarah (ilrs. J<iiin L.
\'an<ant), has si.\ childr«i, i. Ilemw, ii. t'lif-
ton, iii. Phili)), iv. Saimier, v. Jolin, deeease<l,
vi. Louis, deceased; V. Philip V., 2, nuirried
I'dizalietii .Montgomery, has four children, i.
Klizabetli, ii. Hubert, iii. Iieba, iv. ^Margaret;
\'I. Anna, deceased; YII. Jennie; VIII.
,\braham, nuirried Ilai'riet Benson; had four
children: i. Flla; ii. Harvey; iii. Abraham 2;
iv. Samuel; IX. Fannie (Mrs. William Lum-
mis), lias two children, i. Milward, ii. Fditli
Mav. .Mr. I'vre and his familv attend the
^I.K. church."

.Mrs. Tyre's ancestors were natives of
I'ounty I >oiicgal, Ireland. She eaiiu! to
America in 1S4C; three years later her ])arents
joined her here. They landeil in Pliiladel-
]iliia, where her father was taken ill and died
-(KJii after his arrival. The brothers and sis-
ters of .Mrs. Tvre are James, William Ilngh,

Andrew, Annie and Fannie. James and Wil-
liam are deceased. Her sistei-s are married
and reside in I'hiladelphia.

BICHABD M. KOSIN, Wilmingtou,
Del., son of William ]\I. and Mary A. (Mears)
Ivosin, was born in Fieldsborough, .\jjpoquiiii-
mink hundred, Xew Castle county, Del., .\'o-
vember 22, 1S47.

l''rom the fact that t*lie family name wa3
originally Kosiiie it is supposed the ancestors
of ,\Ir. Uosin were of French or rrussiau
birth. The first of the name to settle in Dela-
ware Avas Paul Bosiii, grandfather of Kicliard
il. Ivosin; Paul IJosin was born in Philadel-
phia, where several generations of the family
had lived. He was a shoemaker and a dealer
in bark, and these were his father's occupa-
tions also. He lived and died in Odessa. Paul
Bosiii married iliss Putledge, a native of
Delaware, and had children: I. Catharine, de-
ceased; II. Fmily, deceased; III. Louisa (.Mrs.
William (iritKth), deceased; IV. AVilliam .M.;
A'. .Martha (.Mrs. William Harrison), of Phil-
adel]ihia, widow.

William M. Kosin was born in Philadel-
phia, February 22, 1S18, and removed to
Odessa, Del., with his jiarents when he was
very j'oung. The remainder of his life was
spent in this state. Like his father and grand-
fatber, he was a shoemaker, and dealt in bark
for tanning jiurposes. William ^L Kosin
married .Mary \., daughter of John
Clears and widow ijf ^Villialll Barwick,
of .Maryland. Theii' children were: I.
Frank P., born :\Iareh 10, lS4t:i; II. Pueliard
M.; lU. Henry, born Deeend)er L"., 1849;
TV. 'i'heodore, born July 2, 1852. :Mr. Kosin
die.l in :\Iiddletown, Del., January 10, 1801,
and was buried there; his widow died in the
same place, February tl, 1807, aged 84 years,
and was interred beside her husband.

Frank P. Kosin was engaged in the wall
)5a])er business in Wilmington, until his death,
Xoveinber 28, 1800. He married iLary L.
(i rimes, of Delaware, who survives him.
Their children are: T. Tda (Mrs. John Bald-
win), of Westminster, ]\[d. ; TL Clara, died
when voung; ITI. Amelia; TV. Bertha (^Irs.
Pu.bert .McCardell), of Wilmington; V. Elsie;
VT. Lilian.

Tlenry Kosin was engaged in the wall paper
business with his brother, T'rank P. Kosin, in
Wiliuingtou, nntil ISsO. Tii that year he re-

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27G

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tired from the firm and moved to the vicinity
of Sassafras and thence to Galena, Jveiit
connty, Aid., where he has siuce Lteu engaged
in agricuhnral pursuits, ilenry Ivosin mar-
ried Annie Faulkner, of ilaryland; their chil-
dren are: I. Florence, born June 17, lb77,
died April 17, 1897; II. Ilenry Scutt; 111.
John Paul.

Theodore Ilosiu was born in Fieldsborough,
Del., and educated in the public schools of
that place. He was then employed as a sales-
man until 1877, when he came to Wilming-
ton and learned paper hanging with his
brothers Frank P. and Henry. Upon t.he
withdrawal of the latter from thetirm Theo-
dore purchased an interest in the store and the
partnershiji between the brothers, Frank P.
and Theodore Ivosin, continued until the
death of the former November 28, 1890.
Theodore Rosin has conducted the business
alone since that time. lie is a member of In-
dustry lodge. No. 2, A. O. U. AV., and of the
Order of the Red Cross. He is an indeixjnd-
ent voter in mattei-s political. On January 17,
1882, Theodore Rosin was married to hhnily
F., daughter of Ilenry Labelle, of Philadel-
phia. Their children are: I. Howard, died
when a day old, and II. Bessie (twins); III.
Theodore L. Mr. Rosin attends Bethany Bap-
tist church.

Richard M. Rosin received his early edu-
cation in the Fieldsborough, Del., public
schools. When he left school he was engaged
as salesman in general stores in ^faryland and
Delaware for about three years. For the same
length of time he was a teacher in the public
schoolsof Delaware. Hethen studied for ayear
at the Middletown academy, and again taught
school for a short time. Being ambitious for
more thorough instruction and wider culture,
Ish: Ro?.iu matriculated at Hyatt's Jlilitary
Academy in Chester, Pa., and was graduated
from that institution in 1875. For the scho-
lastic year of 1876-7 he was engaged as an in-
structor in the academy. In 1877 he resumed
teaching in the public schools, this time in
Smyrna, Del. In the fall of 1878 he was ap-
pointed principal of the South public schools
of Smyrna, and held that position until 1881,
when he returned to Hyatt's academy as an
instructor. On the night of February IG,
1882, the academy was entirely <lestroyed by
fire and the institution was remnvcil to Ridley
Park, Pa. IMr. Rosin went with the faculty.

and was instructor in mathematics and Eng-
lisii branches until tlie fall of 1882, when lie
resigned t(i liecume principal of the publio
schools of J.ewL-s, Del., hut declined that po-
sition and came to Wihnington, where he has
ever since been engaged iu the wail paper
bu.siness with his briitiier, Tlieotlore Rosin.
iMr. Rosin is a member of Industry lodge, No.
2, A. O. U. W., of Wilnungton. He is inde-
pendent iu politics.

On December 24, 1879, in Smynia, Del.,
Richard iM. Rosin married Florence C,
daughter of Franklin W. and Elizabeth (Clif-
ton) Crifiith, of Duck Creek hundred, Kent
county, Del. Their children are: I. Frank
C, born in Smyriui, October 30, 1880; II.
Clifton ,\1., born in Wilmington, ^lareli 22,
1884; III. Ada M., bom in Wilmington, Au-
gust 28, 1S8G. :\Ir. Rosin attends the Sev-
enth Day Adventists' church.

The wall [laper house of Rosin Bros, was
established by Frank P. and Ilenry Rosin in
March, 187C), at Nos. 218 and 220 West Sec-
ond street, Wilmington. It was continued
there until 1895, when it was removed to No.
1 AVest Second street, adjoining the Wilming-
ton and Brandywine bank, and has since oc-
cupieil the commodious quarters secured for
it at that time. The business is now personally
conducted by Theotlore Rosin, and is recog-
nizwl as one of the leading wall paper houses
in AVilmington.

CORNELIUS F. DAVIDSON, Wilming-
ton, Del., son of John H. and Hannah J.
(Lank) Davidson, was born in Broadkiln hun-
dred, Sussex county, Del., September 7, 1SG8.

He was educated in the public schools and
is a graduate of the ^Milton high school and of
the Goldey Commercial college of AVilming-
ton. After leaving school he worketl at car-
]ientr)' with his father, in Milton, Del., for
four years. Then he entered the mercantile-
business and with his father conducted a store
in !Milton for four yeai-s under the finn name-
of C. F. Davidson & Co. AVithdrawing from
this business association, he went to Philadel-
phia and became a merchant in that city. He
remained there eighteen months. From ^fay,
1802, to ^lay, 1898, his occupation was that
of an accountant. In ^r^v, 1898, ifr. David-
son assumed the management of the Delaware-
Steam Afarble and Granite AA^orks. Afr. Da-
vidson is a Past Grand of Golden Rule Lodge,.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

279

No. 17, I. 0. O. F., of Miltoa; a charter mem-
ber of Chippewa tribe, JMo. 28, I. 0. K. j\l.,
811(1 was first ciiief of records of that tribe; and
id a member of Industry Lo<lge, A. 0. U. W.
In j)olities he is an independent voter.

Cornelius F. Davidson was married to Fan-
nie T., daughter of John and Annie ^M.
Young, of Smyrna, Del., April 12, ISKl.
ili-s. Fannie Davidson died September 8,
lb'J4. On April 30, 181)6, Mr. DilV'idson mar-
ried in Milton, Fannie J., daughter of George
and Hannah Prettyman, of Cave Neck,
Uroadkilii hundred, Sus-sex county. They are
inembei's of Harrison St. if. F. Church, in
which ^fr. Davidson is steward and secretary
of the Sabbath sclux)l. 'i'hey arc also meni-
bei-s of the Fpworth League connected with
the Church.

WILLTAil II. EOBINSON, Wihuing-
ton, Del., son of John and Sarah { Xnrett)
lujbiusiin, was born in A\'ilniingt()n, Did.,
January IS, 1S40.

His great-grandfather, Bracken Koljinson,
was one of I'higland's contributoi-s to the gixid
citizenship of Ameiica. lie settled in Dida-
ware, and there spent the remainder of his
days; he conducted a flom- mill on the Hran-
dywnne. Bracken Robinson's son John, grand-
father of William II. Iloliinson, was born in
"Wilmington, and was a carnage manufacturer
here for a number of years. In 1S47 he re-
moved to Philadelphia, where he engaged in
the same business, and whore he died in ISGl.
John Bobinson married ?*fiss i\lmon, and had
children: I. AVilliam B.; II. (ieorge F. ; III.
John 2; IV. Job; V. Mary; VI. ]\rargaret

(.Mrs. ^isher),^.f Philadelphia. All

are deceased except ifrs. Fisher.

John Bobinson, 2, was boni in Wilming-
ton, October 21, 1815, and spent his entire
life in that city. lie was a tailor for many
years, and afterwai-ds became extensively en-
gaged as a fish merchant. John Bobinson 2,
man-icd Sarah Norett; their children are: I.
William IT.; IT. Ccorge F. 2; TIT. ifarv, de-
ceased: TV. John L.; V. Sarah (:\rrs. F.' Wat-
son): VT. Clara DTrs. William Oand.le.)

William II. Bobinson, as a boy, was a pupil
in the public schools of Wilmington. At an
early age he entered a bottling establishment,
and learned the business, in which he has been
engaged for forty-five years. Tie is now con-
nected with the Foord Bottling Conipanx'.

Mr. Bobinson is a member of Lafayette Lodge,
No. 11, F. & A. il., is a pronounced Demo-
crat, and belongs to the Young Men's Demo-
cratic Club, the Bayard Legion and the Bed-
ford Club.

AVilliam II. Bobinson was marritnl in Phil-
adelphia, September 20, 1SIJ3, to Flvira P.,
daughter ot Benjamin Bussell. Their chil-
dren are: i. William 11., 2, manied ^lary
Carney; II. Elva (Mi-s. Thomas B. Moore),
^fr. Bobinson and family attend the JI. E.
church.

BOBFBT W. CHAMBEBS, Wilmingion,
Del., sou of John and Isabella (Baxter) Cham-
bers, was born in Wilmington, Del., ^Tay 30,
1852.

His grandfather, John Chambei-s, was bom
in Ireland and came to this countrj^ at the be-
ginning of the nineteenth century. His first
home here was at DuPont's Banks, Del., af-
terward he removed to Wilmington. lie mar-
ried in Ireland ]\liss l>axter, who was of Scotch
descent; they had children: I. "William; IT.
John. ^Ir. C'hambers die<l in Wilmington,
and iTrs. Chamliei-s died in Philadelphia.

John Chambers was born in County Done-
gal, Ireland, and accompanied his ])arents to
Ameiica when a youth. lie lived for several
years at DuPont's 15anks and later removed
to Wilmington, where he conducted a Hour
and feed store. He married Isabella, daugli*-
ter of John Baxter, of Delaware. They had
children: I. John, died in childhood; II.
Alexander, of Philadelphia; TIT. \\. W. Mr.
Chambers died in Wilmington, about 1858;
his widow died at Bising Sun, Del., in 18G6.

B. W. Chambers has known no other home
than Wilmington. Tie attended the jmblic
schools only a short time, on account of the
death of his parents. At a very early age, he
was "bound out" to Bobert ]\rorrow, of Chris-
tiana hundied, and for some years gave his
time and energy to the cultivation of the soil.
He was next engaged in butchering for Peter
B. Iluested, of AVilmington, and aftenvard
established himself in the ])rovision business.
.\bout 1870, ^Tr. Chambers was appointed on
the Wilmington police force. After
two years' service as patrolman, he resigned
his jiositiouOTo become assistant su]ierintend-
ent of the i)iamond ]\ratch Factory. He re-
mained there three years; then served a3
deputy sheriff one yi^ar, was then made car irr

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280

BIOORAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

spector on tlie B. i 0. R. K. and in 1801, was
re-ai)i>ointed on the "Wilmington police force.
Four days later Mr. Chambei-s was made ser-
geant, and in 1893 w;is promoted to captain.
He lias since discliargod the duties of liis re-
sponsible otRce with entire credit to himself
and benefit to the city. Captain Chambers
is a member of Wilmington Lodge, Xo. 1,
A. 0. U. W. lie is a Democrat.

On June 30, 1875, in Port Chester, N. Y.,
R. AV. Chambers was married to Essie K ,
daughter of Captain John and ]\[ary ( lleus-
ted) Ferris, of Greenwich, Conn. 'J'lioir chil-
dren are: I. Claude T., in training as a nurse
in a homoeopathic hospital; II. luibert, died in
childhood; III. Ida, died in childhood; IV.
John R., employee of Wilmington City R. R.
Co.; V. Mary E.; VI. Clinton; VII. Eloyd;
VIII. ^lyrtle. Captain Chambers and his
family attend the Baptist church.

JOHN E. LIXGO, Philadelphia, son of
Paynter E. and ]\[ary E. (Joseph) Lingo, was
born in Indian River hundred, Sussex county,
Del., February li, 1854.

The Lingo family is one of the oldest and
most i-espccted in Sussex county. All its
nicmbei-s except the last two generations have
Leen successful farmere. The great-grand-
father of John E. Lingo was a native of Sussex
county, and his son Henry Lingo resided upon
a farm in Indian River hundred which is still
in possession of the family, and is now" occu-
pied by Paynter E. Lingo, father of John E.
Lingo.

Paynter E. Lingo was twice married. His
first wife was Mary E. Joseph, of Sussex coun-
ty. Tkeir chiyren were: I. Thomas; II.
John E.; III. William, deceased; IV. Mar-
garet (i[rs. Robert F. Derrlckson) ; V. Xath-
aniel, married Anna Murphy ; VT. (Jeorge,
married Hester Brittenham; VII. Rufus, de-
ceased. After the death of his first wife, Mr.
Lingo married Eliza ^f. Walls. Their chil-
dren were: I. Frank C. ; II. Alonzo; III.
Lilly M. (Mrs. Jolm A. Burton V, IV. C.-r-
trude, deceased.

John E. Lingo acipiired a common school
education and resided on the homestead farm
until he attained his majority. In IsTli ho
remove<l to Philadelphia, and has inade that
city his home for the past 22 years; dur-
ing this time he has been engaged in the steam-
boat and towing business, and fur twihc years

has been a towboat owner. Mr. Lingo is a
member of Delphi Senate, No. 5, Order of
S])arta, and of the Sons of Delaware, of Phil-
adelpiiia. He is a Republican. On August
31, 1880, in. Philadelphia, .John K. Lingo was
married to .Martha A., daugliter oi JJenjamin
and Ann J. Hudson, of Baltimore hun-
dred, Sus.scx county, Del. They have one
child, Archibald E., born July 23,^1883. Mr.
Lingo and his family attend the M. E. church.
Frank ('. J,ingo, son of Paynter E. and Eliza
M. (Walls) Lingo, was born in Indian River
hundred, Sussex luuiity, Del., Septendier lit,
1805, and until 188G attcn.led the public
schools of Sussex county and assisted in the
work on the homestead farm. Since 18b(i he
has been a resident of Philadelphia, and en-
gaged as an engineer on the steamboats of his
half brother, John E. Lingo. His political
afKliations are with the Republican party, lie
attends the if. E. church.

WILLTA:\r :\IORISON ROGERS, Wib
mington, Del, son of Albert and Elizaijcth
^fyers Rogei-s, was born in Chester county,
Pa., November 1, 1850.

His paternal aneestoi-s were of English ex-
traction, and those 'of his mother were born in
(jermany, but both jjarents were natives of
Pennsylvania. Albert Rogers was a miller,
but devoted himself principally to the cultiva-
tion of a farm. He marrie<l Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of John and Eliza (Reifsnyder) Myers, of
Chester county. Pa. Their children were: I.
Benjamin F., conductor on the Wilmiug-ton
and Northern Railroad, deceased; II. Catha-
rine A. (^frs. John iMiles), of Chester county,
Pa.; III. Theodore F., merchant and farmer,
of Chester county. Pa.; IV. a daughter who
died in infancy; V. AVilliam ilorison; \1, Jos-
ei>h Kcely, farmer of Chester comity. Pa.;
V^ll. Ida :May. Albert Rogers died April (i,
188!), aged -^ixty five years.

A\'i]liam Aforison Rogei-s received his educa-
tion in the schools of Chester county. Pa.
When he was seventeen year's old he entered
a rolling mill as helper, and remained there
one year. Tin n he became a brakeman on the
Philadelphia and Baltimore Central railroad,
and two \e:irs later olitained a similar position
on the Wilmington and .Vorthern railroad.
Six month> at'tirwards, he was ])i'omoted to
fireman and continiieil as such two years,
'^'hen he again began ''braking," liut this time

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STATE OF DELAWARE

281

on the P. W. & B. R. R., to wliieli road he
gave a year of service and then returned to
the W. <k N. as tireman. In 1885 he was pro-
moted to engineer, is a most capable locomo-
tive driver and a tinisted employee. ^Ir.
Rogers is a member of Chandler Lodge, >,'o.
■J2l, V. & A. M., of the lirotherlioo<l of Loco-
motive Engineers, and of the A. O. U. ^\'.

On L)(?ceniber '25, ISSO, ^^'illiam .Morison
Rogers married Jennie Rebecca, daughter of
John D. and Anna (Fiinderwhite) Stewart,
of riioenixville. Pa. They have one child,
Franklin Harry, born October 24, 1882.

ilrs. Rogei-s was boni Sci)tember 1, 1SC4.
She is one of a family of nine cliildren: L
Anna (Airs. Martin Barnes), of Philadelphia;
IL Henry D., farmer of Pennsylvania; III.
Pamiie (Aire. Henry Buchanan), of Honey-
brook, Pa.; IV. Marg;u-et E. (Aire. John P.
Buchanan), of Geigertown, Pa.; V. Jennie
Rebecca (Airs. William M. R.gere); VI. Em-
ily C. (Airs. Stanley Buchanan), of Honey-
brook, Pa.; VII. Alinnie AI. (Airs. T.T). Ju,t),
of Philadelphia; VITI. Clara (Airs. Joseph
Barnes), of West Chester, Pa.; IX. Ella M.
(Airs. Charles Kcllar), of Reading, Pa.

RT. REV. JOHN JAAIES AIOXA-
r.HAX, I). D., of AVilmington, Del., son of
Thomas and Alargaret (Bogin) Alonaghan,
w;u bom at (Sumter) South Carolina, Alay

23, isr.r,.

Bishop Alonaglian's ancestors, paternal and
maternal, were natives of Ireland. His
father, 'I'homas Alonaghan, the founder of the
American branch of the family, was a native
of County Alayo, Ireland. Thomas Alona-
ghan with his two sisters and two brothers,
who came with^him tosjeAmerica, settled in
Pennsylvania, but he soon after went to
Sumter, S. C, where he became a successful
merchant. The only survivor of the jiarty is
Alary (Aire. John Costello), of AVilkes-Bari-e,
Pa. In 1850, one year after his arrival in
America, Thomas Alonaghan M'as married in
the cathe<lral, at Charleston, S. C, by the Rt.
Rev. Ignatius A. Reynolds, D. D., to Alargaret
Hogin, who was born in County AVexford, Ire-
lan<l, and at the tune of her man-iage had been
fitr one year a resident of Charleston, S. C.
1'heir children are: I. Richard Paul, a promi-
nent merchant, for many years aldennan of
Sumter, was bom in Sumter, S. C, educated
in private schools, and at his father's death

succeeded to the business, which ho managed
successfully, died in early manhood leaving a
widow and four children who reside in Suni-
ter, S. C. ; II. Elleu, widow of Alaurice Ilew-
son; III. Rt. Rev. John James; IV. Alary
Elizabeth, died in infancy; A'^. Alary Eliza-
iieth, 2, (Airs. John J. Alalony), of Charles-
tun, S. C; A'' I. Thomas Aiichael, one of the
leading citizens and business men of Sumter,
S. C, bom in that city, January lltli, 1SG4,
died in his native cit}-, December 8, 18s9;
A'll. Catherine P. (Airs. William AI. Thomp-
son), of Sumter, S. C. Thomas Alonaghan
died at his home in Sumter, S. C, August 5,
1S70; his \\-idow died July 12, 1879. Aire.
Alonaghan's brother, AVilliam Bogin, one of
tlie most successful business men of Sumter, S.
C, died September 21, 1887, leaving four chil-
dren: L AVilliam D.; II. Ella, widow of T.
J. Tonmey; III. Annie (Airs. L. Arthur
O'Xeil; IV. Catharine (Aire. Xeil O'Don-
nell). Of the two sistere of Airs. Alonaghan,
one, Catherine, is the widow of Aiichael Com-
erford, of Columbia, S. C. ; the other, Ellen, is
deceased; she manied John O'Conner, one of
the jiioneer merchants of Sumter, S. C, who
died lea\'ing one son, Frank J. O'Conner, his
father's successor, and a prosperous business
man, died January 29, 1889.

The Rt. Rev. John James Alonaghan, see-
nnd son of Thomas and Alargaret (Bogin)
Alonaghan, began his scholastic course in the
jjrivate schools of his native town, which he
attended until he reached his fourteenth year.
After his father's death, in August, 1870, he
spent two years assisting his brother, Richard
P. Alonaghan, who assumed the management
of the store; and having decided to devote him-
self to the priesthood, began his ecclesiastical
studies in Sejjtend^er, 1870, under the tuition
of the Rev. A. J. AlcX'eal, who is still pastor
of St. Laurence's church, Sumter, S. C. He
was an apt^pupil and nnule rapid progress, not-
M-ithstanding the limited time left for him to
stnily after fulfilling his duties in the store.
In 1872 he entered St. Charies' College, IIo-
Avard county. Aid., and. taking the fourth col-
legiate course, graduated in tlie class of 1876.
In this class, known as the '•Centennial Class,"
were many young men who have become em-
inent in the Churcli. Among them were :
The Rt. Rev. Ceorge ALmtgomery, D. D.,
Bishop of Los An<reles, Cal. ; the A'ery Rev
Charies B. Rex, D.D.S.S., late Superio^- of St!

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282

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

John's Seminary, Boston, Mass., and of St.
Charles' College, ilaryland; tlie Very Kov.
£. iJ. Dyer, D. D. S. S., Superior of St. Jos-
eph's Seminary, Dunwoodie, N. Y. ; the Kev.
Walter J. Shanley, Kector of the Catheilral.
at Hartford, Conn.; the Rev. M. F. Foley, of
Baltimore, ifd.; the Rev. E. A. Kelly, of Chi-
eago, HI.; the Bev. M. J. Begley, of Bostoii,
!Ma?s. ; the Rev. J. T. Winters, of the <lioeese
of Hartford, Conn., and many otliers who have
become prominent in the ranks of the rdergy.
Bishop Monaglian completed his ec(desiastieal
course at St. Clary's Seminary, ]3altimorc,
ild., and in that illustrious institution lie also
received, at the hands of His Eminence, Car-
dinal Gibhons, the several orders taken pre-
paratory to his ordination to the ])riesthood.
On December 19, 1880, John J. Jlonaghau
was ordained priest in the Cathedral at
Charleston, S. C., by the bishop of tliat dio-
cese, the Rt. Rev. P. IST. Lynch, D. D., and
was appointed assistant to the Very Rev. F.
J. Shadier, of St. Joseph's church, Charleston,
where he labored faithfully for one year. Tn
January, 1882, the Rev. J. J. ilonaghan re-
ceived from Bishop Lynch, the appointment
of assistant to the Rev. J. P. Tuigg, of St.
Patnck's church, Charleston, and in October
of the sa?ne year he was transferred to the
Grecn\'ille ilission, which end)raccd nine
counties in the North Western [lart of South
Carolina. This Made field afforded full scope
for his activity, and the five yeare spent on
this ^fission were ycai's of ardent labor and of
many privations. Labor and privation, how-
ever, were but joy to him, and his cheerful
spirit of self-sacrifice bound the heart of his
pcojile to him with chains of love. He was
very successful' in organizing congregations in
the principal towns of tliis district. Besides
erecting the neat and substantial church of St.
Paul's at SpartanV)urg, and the beautiful
chu 'ch of the Sacred Heart, at Abbeville, S.
C, he completed the church of St. Joseph, at
Anderson, erected by his prcxlecessor, the Rev.
J. J. Woolahan. He also purchased a valuable
lot on Washington street, CireenviJle, S. C, to
which lie removed St. Clary's chnrcli, which
had l)ecn in the suburbs of the to^\^], and built
the comfortalde and commodious Rectory now
the home of the clergy connected with the
Oreenvillc ^lispiou. During tlie time spent in
this mission, the Rev. Jolm J. ]\rona<!han was
frequently sent, by the Rt. Rev. H. 1'. Xortli-

rop, D. D., Bishop of Charleston, into different
jiarts of the country, on collecting tours for the
diocese. He was very successful in tliis work,
particulariy in the arcii-dioccses of Baltimore,.
^Id., and of Boston, Mass. In the fail of 1S87,
he was apjiointed, by Bishoj) Northrop, rector
of the cathedral at Charieston, S. C, and
Chancellor of tliat diocese, where he labored
indefatigaldy until 1888, when he assumed
tiie charge of the parish of St. Patrick's
Charleston, S. C, under the direction of the
Rt. Rev. ^lonsignor D. J. Quigley V. G. For
nine years he labored zealously in this parish,
and by his loving, faithful care for their eter-
nal welfare, he so endeared himself to the peo-
l)le, that their joy at his elevation to the Epis-
copate was nnngled with the sharp pain of
personal loss. The Rev. J. J. ]\rouaghan also
filled the office of Diocesan Consultor and
"Procurator-Fiscalis" under Bishop Northrop,
and for nine years acted as secretary and treas-
urer of St. Laurence Cemetery, Charleston, S.
C. Tn 1890, when the see of Wihning-
ton, Del., became vacant by the resignation of
the Rt. Rev. A. A. Curtis,"]). D., tlie liishops
of the Province of Baltimore placed the name
of the Rev. J. J. Monaghan at the head of the
list of candidates for that exalted position, and
on January 26, 1897, he received, from His
Holiness, Pope Leo XTII, his appointment as
liishop of Wilmiiiatou, Del. On Sunday,
-May 9, 1897, in St. Peter's Pro-eathedral, he
was consecrated bisiiop by his Eminence, Car-
dinal (Jibbons, assisted by the Rt. Rev. H. P.
Northrop, D. D., Bishop'of Charieston, S. C,
and the Rt. Rev. Alfred A. Curtis, D. D.,
former Bishop of Wilmington, Del. The ser-
mon was preached by the Rev. ]\L P. Smith,
C. S. P., a fellow student of the new bishop.
'J'he exercises were attended by over one hun-
dred clergymen, including such distinguished
prelates as: the ]\rost Rev. P. J. Ryan', D. D.,
Archbishop of Philadelphia; the Rt. Rev.
John ;Moore, D. D., of St. Augustine, Fla. ;
the Rt. Rev. A. Van de Vyver. D. D., of Rich-
mond, Va.; the lit. Rev. P. J. Donahue, D.
D., of Wheeling, W. Va.; and many distin-
guished priests representing the difiVrcnt dio-
ceses and religions orders throughout the
country. On the evening of the consecration
Pontifical Vespers were celebrated in St.
Peter's ]>y the newly consecrated Bi-hop. the
sermon being preached by P>isho]i T^onahue.
The day was an eventful one in the history of

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STATE OF DELAWARE

283

the Catholic Church of Wilmington, and will
long be rc-nienibcred by the large congregation
of all denominations who attended the impos-
ing ceremonies iii the moniiug, as well as the
evening services. J>ishop ilonaghan is one of
the }oungest bishops in America; he is also
one of tiie best beloved, llis kind, genial luan-
ner, his -zeal and earnestness, and his devout
])iet} have endeared him alike to Catholics and
Protestants. During the short time that has
elapsed since his consecration, Bishop J\Iona-
ghan's special work has been to visit his exten-
sive diocese, which includes not only Delaware
but the whole of the Eastern Shore of j\Iary-
land, and two counties in Virginia. The Bishop
resides at the rectory of St. Paul's church, on
Jackson street, but officiates on the more sol-
enni occasions of the year at St. Peter's, which
still continues to be the pro-cathedral.

HORACE GREELEY KNOWLES, F^q.,
AVilmington, New Castle county, Del., son of
Dr. Isaac II. and Sarah Lavinia (Short)
Knowlcs, Avas born at Seaford, Sussex county,
Del., October 20, 1803.

Isaac II. Knowles, M. D., son of Jacob and
Nancy Knowles, and father of IIf)race G.
Knowles, is descended from one of the oldest
families in Sussex county, and belongs to the
seventh generation of the Knowlcs family.
The founder of the American branch of the
fandly came from England and settled in the
lower jiart of Delaware in the beginning of
the last century.

In 1S71, Dr. Knowles removed \vith his
family to Lewes, Del., where, in the same
year, he established the Breal-imter Light, the
tirst Republican ]iaper published in Sussex
county, and one of the leading journals of the
Peninsula. Dr. I. II. KnQwles was man-ied
to Sarah Lavinia, youngest daughter <if Solo-
mon and Lavinia Short, who was born January
20, 1842, and is a direct descendant of Wil-
liam Ilearne, who came from England and set-
tled on the Delaware peninsula in 1G82. Their
children are: I. Horace Greeley; II. Isaac,
born October 23, ISGG; III. Henry, born Jan-
iiary 29, 1874-.

Horace Greeley Knowles, eldest son of Dr.
Isaac H. and Sarah Lavinia (Short) Knowles,
was an active, energetic lad, and while still
quite young, was a rapid and efficient worker
in his father's printing office. His aptitude for
the business was such that at twelve he was

able to take charge of the entire mechanical
department of the office, besides assisting in
the editorial work. Horace attended the Un-
ion Granunar school, of Lewes, but the greater
part of his early education was obtained in the
printing office." In the autunui of ISTD, he
became a pupil in the academy at iN'ewark,
Del.; and having completed his preparatory
coui-se, entei-od Delaware College, in the fall
of the ensuing year. .Mr. Knowles was inter-
ested in all phases of college life, aTid was ac-
tive in the various student organizations. His
standing was high in all branches, but he
showed^a decided preference for literary stu-
dies, especiallv English composition, in which
he became proficient. He established the
College Hevieu' and was chosen by his fellow
students as its first editor-in-chief and was busi-
ness manager. Pv his energy and abdity he
secured for the pai^r a large circulation and
liberal advertising patronage; it is to-day one
of the most creditable college papers m the
country. Even his vacations were devoted to
literary work. One summer, while yet a boy,
.Mr. Knowles successfully edite<l and publish-
e<l the Eeconl, a weekly paper of P.ehoboth,
Del He was beloved by his fellow students
and was so popular in the Delta Literary So-
cietv, that, at its forty-ninth anniversary he
was'chosen to deliver the farewell address. iMr
K'nowles graduated mth honor in the class of
1S84, and in November of the same year be-
came'cditor and manager of his father's paper,
iho Ih-eakwah-r Li<jht. Under his efficient
management the i^aper exerted a decided in-
fluence throughout the lower counties of Del-
aware. Successful as ^h. Knowles was in lit-
erature, his political career has been even more
striking. In November, 1880, he left Lewesi
and w^s registered as a law student in the of-
fice of Henry C. Conrad, Esq., Wilmington,
1 )id. He was soon drawn int/J political circles,
and became known as a vigorous advocate of
Re,,ublican principles. In 1880 the Republi-
can party, tired and worn out by successive de-
feats, decided to make no nominations, and at
the same time a growing spirit of dissatisfac-
tion was manifested in the Democratic ranks.
I'he keen mind of Horace Knowles quickly
grasped the situation. He joined the Indepen-
dent Temperance Reform movement, which
received the open assistance of many Demo-
crats, and the quiet, but unaninious support of
the Republican p;irty. The Reform campaigni

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2S-1

BIOORAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

was managed and directed by him, aiul the
inovemeut was so successful tliat the Demo-
cratic party barely escaped defeat; the tinal re-
sult was tiie Ixcpublieaii victory of 1SS8. ilr.
Knowles' ability was highly appreciatcnl by his
party. He was a firm supporter of .\.uthony
Jliggins, Esq., who was elected to the United
States Senate in 1888, and as a reward for his
services, lie received from Presideut llaiTison,
in 1880, the appointment of United States
Consul to Bordeaux, France. Although he
was the youngest man ever appointed to a higli
class constilshij), Mi: Knowles acquitted him-
self admirably, and on leaWiig Bordeaux re-
ceived a rich gift from the merchants
and residents of that city, as a testi-
monial of their esteem and apprecia-
tion. His term having expired, IMr.
Knowles returned to Wilmington in 1S93, re-
sumed his law studies and was admitted to the
bar in ilay, 1895. In the same year, ho
formed a partnership with Kobert d. llarman,
City Solicitor, under the name of Ilannau &
]\nowles. ^Ir. Ivnowlcs is a meml)er of the
Kepublican State Committee, and chairman of
the City Committee, of Wilmington ; he is
pronanent in both professional and jiolitical
circles.

On April 20, 1897, at St. James' Episcopal
church, on Jfadison Ave., Xew York ( 'ity, N.
Y., Horace Cireelej- Knowles was married to
Editii Ella, daughter of Lewis and (leorgianna
Wallace, of West Seventy-fifth street, Xew
York City.

Isaac Knowles, second son of Dr. Isaac II.
and Sarah Lavinia (Short) Knowdes, resides in
Phila(lel]ihia, Pa. He wa.s married, ^lay 16,
1897, to Sarah Bentley, of Philadelphia. Isaac
Knowles and his younger l)rother, Hany
Ivnowles, are the proprietoi-s of a ptiblishing
house in Philadelphia, Pa.

HENRY Wni'il-::\[AN, Esq., Wilming-
ton, New Castle county, Del., son of Henry
and Sarah Ann (^ifdore) Whiteman, Avas born
in ]\Iill Creek hundred, Xew Castle countv,
Del., March 18. 18(i8.

The ancestral houie of the AVliiteman faiu-
ily is in Holland. John Whiteman was the
founder of the Delaware branch of the family.
Henry Whiteman, gi-andfather of Henry
AVhiteman, Esq., was married to Anna
Kiiiscy, of Bucks county, Pa., and
with iiis bride settled iu Xrw Castle

county, Del. Their children are : I.
John Kiiisey, deceased ; ii. Sarah,
■vndow of Binjamin Chambers, resides in ,\lill
Creek hundred, Xew Castle county; III. Lem-
tiel, of Elkton, Md.; IV. Cleorge \VashingUjn,
deceased; A'. Henry; VI. Kicel, deceased;
VII. Gilbert, of ]\liil Creek hundred, Xew
Castle county, Del.; VIII. Andrew Jackson,
of .Mill Creek hundred, Xew Castle county;
iX. ilargaret, widow of Jacob ^ifoore, resides
in Wilmington, Del. Mr. Whiteman died at
his home in Xew Castle county, Del., Eebru-
arv 20, 18.55; his widow died January iJ, 1875.

-Mr. A\'hiteman's father, Henry Whiteman,
fifth son of Henrj' and Anna (Kinsey) White-
man, was born in ^lill Creek hundred, Xew
Castle county, Del., September 29, 1827. His
whole life was spent in his native hundred,
where he was prominent as a successful iigi-i-
culturist. ifr. Whiteman was energetic and
progressive, and was highly esteemed in the
community for his many sterling qualities. He
was an active worker iu the Bepublicau ranks.
Henry Whiteman was married to Sarah Ann,
daughter of Thoma.s J. and Lydia (Beeson)
ifoore, who was born in !Mill Creek hundred,
Xew Castle county, Del., November 'i, 1837.
ilrs. Whiteman's mother died in 18S2; her
father, Tliomas J. ^Moore, who is a nonagenar-
ian, resides iu ^fill Creek hundreil. The chil-
dren of Henry and Sarah Ann (Moore) White-
man are: I. Lawrence ^L, a successful farmer
of ilill Creek hundre<l, Xew Castle county,
married fir.^t to Sarah Cliambers who die<l leav-
ing three children, i. Walter X., ii. La\\Tence,
iii. Eva ifay, and afterwards to Ilarriette Lit-
tle, and their children are, i. Irvin, ii. Iteba,
iii. ^Margaret, IT. Thomas J., of ^lill Creek
hundred, married Lola Bobinson, has two chil-
dren, i. Benlab, ii. T. :\foore; III. Lola (ilrs.
Pierce W. Bailey), died in Colorado, leaviug
two children, i. Marshall, ii. Heurv; I^'.
Luella (:\rrs. William J. PxK'kus), of Xewark,
Del., has three children, i. Blanche, ii. Boland.
iii. Leroy; A'^. Sarah Ann ; VI. Henry; VIL
Calvin; VIII. i\rarv E., died aacd eighteen;
IX. Louise; X. Myrtle; XL Arvilla. Mr.
Whiteman was a member of the Presbyterian
chtu'ch. He died at his home in Xew Castle
county, Uel., October 9, 1881; bis widow re-
sides in Wilming-fon, Del.

Henry AVIiiteman, third son of Henry and
Sarah ,\nn (^Foore) T\'liiteman, attended the
private an<l |Jiiblic schouls of his native hun-

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STATE OF BELAWAUE

285

dred, and after a preparatory course at Newark
Acadt'iuy, entered JJelaware College, from
wlii(.-li institntiou he graduated in the class of
ItS'Jl, of whicii he was pre.sidint, receiving the
degree of A. ii. In the same year .Mr. W'liite-
man was registered as a law student at Wil-
mington, Del., in the ottice of the Hon. An-
tiiony lUggins, formerly U. S. Senator from
Delaware. During 1892 and 1893 he was ".
teacher in the public schools of St. George's,
Ked Liun hundred. New Castle county, Del.
In 1S'.)4 he entered the law department of
Dickinson College, at Carlisle, Pa., and, tak-
ing a special coui*se, graduated in 1895. lie
was admitted to the Delaware bar in New Cas-
tle county, and immediately began the prac-
tice of his profession at AVilmington, l)el.,
where his energy and ability have built up a
large and constantly increasing practice,
lie is a member of the Bar Association
tion of New Castle county, of Oriental Lodge
Ni>. '11, A. F. and A. M., of Wilmington, Del.,
of [vy Castle No. 23, K. of G. E., of Newark,
Del. ; and a director and general counsel of the
Ciuarantee Building and Loan Association, of
"Wilmington, Del. lie is a Republican, inter-
ested in public affairs, and stands high in tlie
esteem of the commimity. ls\v. Wliiteman bo-
longs to the Presbyterian church in White
Clay Creek hundred.

IIABBY J. STOKCKLE, Wilmington,
Del., was born in Wilmington, Del., January,
ISO."), and is a son of the late Joseph Stne;'kle,
and ills wife Johanna S. (Gro]i])) St<K'ckle.

.lose]iii Stoeckle, deceased, was born
in Buchau, Wurtenbcrg, Gennany, ilay 31,
18;>1. Tie received a good education in the
schoiils of liis native coimtry, and, in 1854, in
his twentictli year, emigrated to America and
settled in Wilmington, Del. In 1858, after
four years sjtent in various employments, 'My.
Stoeckle began brewing, at Wilmington. Dur-
ing the war of the Pebellion he was obliged,
on account of sickness, to close his estjiblish-
ment for a short time, but \rith this exception,
was actively engaged in the bu.siness until the
time of his death. The A. Bicta Brewing
Company, of which ^fr. Stoeckle was a mem-
ber, and afterwards general manag(>r, was or-
ganized in 1872. The comi)any purchased the
Nebeker brewery on tlie corner of Fifth and
Adams streets, on the site now occupied liy
the Diamond State brewery. In 1874, the

company was dissolved and Mr. Stoeeklo
formed a partner>hij) with his brother-in-law,
.Mr. F. Bicta. A few weeks after the new firm
was organized, .Mr. Bicta died and ilr.
Stoeckle assumed tlie management of the busi-
ness, the ]>lant taking its jirescnt name, the
niamond State Brewery. In 1881 the estab-
lishment was destroyed by tire. The new
btiilding, erected on the same site, is one of the
finest and best ecpiipiied breweries in the
United States.

AVlien ]\rr. Stoeckle landed at Wilmington,
Del., he was a stranger in a foreign land with
no capital but courage and perseverance. Step
by step he climbed the ladder to success, and
W(jn for himself an intl\iential position among
thc^ merchants of AVilmington. ^^fr. Stoeckle
>vas interested in all plans for the improve
ment of his adopted city. His active benevo-
leiii'O and genial manner made him a favoritt>
in all circles. He ap[>reciated fine music and
not only belonged to the Saengerbniid, but
was one of the organizers of the Wilininglon
City cornet band. ^Ir. Stoeckle was a mem-
ber of the Knights of ilystic Chain; the K.
of G. F.; the L O. B. ^^L; the I. O. O. F., of
Delaware; and of various German charitable
societies. Joseph Stoeckle was married, in
18,"'.(1, to Johanna S. Grojip, a woman of great
force of character, to whose energy and sound
business judgment her husband owed a large
siiare of his success. Their children are: I.
Louisa Af. (Mrs. A'ictor llllinan); II. Caroline
(Afrs. Henry BloutlO; III. Emma (^iB-s. Ben-
jamin (J. GamV, W . Harry J.; A^. llannali
(Mi-s. Charles T^Iammeh')- Joseph Stoeckle
died at his home in Wilmington, December
19, 1893. 1'he impressive services connected
with his funeral will long be remembered in
AVilmington.

Hairy J. Stoeckle received his education in
the public schools of AVilmington. .\fter
graduating from the high scIkkiI, ilr. Stoe<'kle
ent(n-ed his father's establishment. He was at-
tentive, industrious, and faithful, and it was
soon evident that he had inherite<l the good
judgment and business ability which had
made his parents successful. He soon became
a trusted assist^mt, and at his father's death, in
1S93, asstiined the entire management. His
etticicns'V is clearly shown by the manner in
whicli he has conducted the business of the
Diamond State brewery, ^fr. Stoeckle, like
his father, is into'c^tcd in all the affaire of the

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286

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

conimunity. He is a member of the Gennan
Library Association; the DeLaware Saeiiger-
bund; the Turngemeinde; Ilermau Lodge,
No. L^O, I. 0. 0. v.; Liberty Lodge, No. 10,
A. 0. U. W.; Delaware Conc-hive, L O. IL;
and Germania i^ncainpment, K. of St. John
and of ^lalta.

Harry J. Stoeckhi was married, February
13, 1S98, t» Catherine, daughter of lioltlieb
and .leannetta ]\Lamnu'le. Tiieir cliildrL-n are:
L Leihi; IL Greta. :Mi-s. Stocckle die<l Oo-
tobcr;3, 1898.

STEPHEN S. COOLING, Wilmington,
Del., son of Jolin and Ivebeoea (Scverson)
Cooling, was born in Cecil county, i\Id., Feb-
ruary 22, 1837.

His father's ancestors were English and his
mother's Swedish. Tradition says that tin;
Cooling family settled in ilarylaud at an early
date, and some mendjers of it have always re-
sided in Cecil county. William Cooling, an
uncle of Stephen S., was a well-known sea cap-
tain, and died in Chesapeake C'ity, Cecil
county, about 1872, at the age of eiglity-nine
years.

John Cooling, father of Stephen S., was
born about 1797, in Cecil county, which was
Lis home throughout life. !Many of his years
were passed in maritime pursuits. He was a
soldier in the war of 1812, and served in Com-
pany C, Fifth ^Maryland regiment. John
Cooling man-ied Iiobecca Severson, who was
born in Cecil county, in 1800. Their chil-
dren were: I. Jlary IL, deceased; II. John
T., deceased; HI. Benoni, sheriff of Cecil
county in 1876, diwl in 1895; lY. ^yfary, de-
ceased; V. Samuel, deceased; VI. William
AV., deceased; VII. Joseph N., of Philadel-
phia: YTII. James E., deceased; IX. Stephen
S. ; X. Henry S., deceased. ]\fr. Cuoling died
in 1842, aged forty-five yeai-s; his widow died
in 1880.

Stephen S. Cooling was a luipil in the CeciL
county conuuon schools until he was sixteen
veal's old. Then he went west to Kentucky
and in Louisville learned carriage-building.
Having acquired his trade, he worked as a jour-
neynian in Louisville until 1807, and then in
St. Louis, ^lo., until 1870; returned to ^lary-
land for a short time, resumed his o<'cui)ation
in St. Louis for a brief period, then went again
to Louisville, where he remained until 1873;
thence to Pittsburg, Pa., for four yeare; then

moved east to Philadelphia, and worked there
fourteen j'cars, and for the past seven years has
resided in Wilmington, employed as a carriage
nuiker. He is a member of Friendship Con-
clave, No. 1, I. O. H., of Wilmington, and a
Democrat in politics.

Stephen S. Cooling was man-iod four times.
His first wife was Margaret Keece; they were
married in West Chester, Pa. After her death
he uuu'ried, in Cincinnati, Ohio, ^lary Davis.
His third wife was Susan Webster, of Balti-
more. He was inaiTied to his present wife,
Catharine C. Steetor, in Camden, N. J., in
1893. !Mr. Cooling has no children. He at-
tends the M. E. church.

JOSHUA A. ELLEGOOD, M. D., Wil-
mington, New Castle county, Del., son of Kob-
ert G. and Elizabeth ((Jannon) EUegood, wa3
born at Concord, Sussex county, Del., Septem-
ber 28, 1859.

Joshua A. Ellegood's education was beg\iu
under a ju'ivate tutor. Desiring to devote his
life to the jiractice of medicine and surgery,
]\Ir. Ellegocxl entered Jefferson ^Medical Col-
lege, Philadel])hia, Pa., and gjadiuited with
honor in the class of 1881. Dr. Ellegood op-
ened an office in Laurel, Del., and during the
years 1887, '88, '89, while engaged in general
practice, he attended s])ccial courses in New
York City, N. Y., on diseases of the eye, ear
and throat. In 1892, Dr. Ellegood sailed for
Europe to pursue his special studies at greater
length. He served as clinical assistant at the
]\LH]i-fields Eye Hospital, and at the Central
Loudon throat, nose and ear hospital, wherti
for si.x numths lie had every ])ossible facility
for work in his special department. During
his stay in Europe, Dr. Ellegood also took a
]iractical course under Professor Politzer and
other distinguishc^l physicians in Yienna, Aus-
tria, and vLsited the clinics of Berlin, Paris,
Heidelberg, Utrecht, and other continental
cities. Peturning to Delaware, Dr. Ellegood
settled in AVilmington. He is a member of the
medical staff of Delaware Hosjiital: ex-presi-
dent of the Delaware ^fedical Society; and a
member of the British Phinological and La-
ryngological, as well as of the American !Medi-
cal Associations. He is also prominent in the
^Masonic Order.

John A. EllegWKl was mamed, in 188-1, to
]\Iarion, danghtfr of the late AVilliam ^V. and
^Miranda H. (Wheatley) Dashicll, of Laurel,

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STATE OF DELAWABE

287

Del. They have one child, Clara Dashiell.
Dr. Elleguod is a raeiiiber of the P. E. church.

The Diishiells, a proiuineut Ilugiieiiot f;iiu-
ily, e.xilud ou account of the revocation of the
edict uf A'untes, found an asylum in Protestant
England, whence James Dashiell, the founder
of the American branch of the family emi-
grated to the United States in 1G06. lie set-
tled at the head of Wetipquin creek, in Somer-
set, now Wicomico county, Md., on land which
he deeded to his son James in 1C9G. His fam-
ily consisted of five children: I. James; II.
Thomas; III. George; IV. Robert; V. Jane.
It is believed that all the families of thi^ name,
in the Unite<i States, are descended from the
elder James Dashiell.

ilrs. Ellegood's grandfather, Winder
Dashiell, son of John and i^ancy Dashiell,
Avas born Augiist 1, ITS'J. He was a
successful business man and owned large tracts
of land in liis native county. Winder DasLiell
was married, December 11, ISIG, to ^lary,
daughter of Isaac and Hilary Moore, of Sussex
county, Del. Only one of tlieir children,
^lary (JMre. William Paeon) is living; she re-
sides near Barren Creek Springs, AVicomico
county, ]\Id. All's. ]\Iary (iloore) Dashiell
died July 24, 1821. On January 30, 1823,
Mr. Dashiell married ilary, daughter of
Charles and Ellen Aloore, of Sussex county.
Their only child was William AV. Dashiell.
The second ^Irs. Dashiell died September 11,
1827. Afr. Dashicll's third wife, to whom he
was married, Ajiril 20, 1828, was Sarah N.,
daughter of William and Charity Aloore. She
■died Xovember 25, 1833. On Februaiy 12,
183"), ilr. Dashiell was married to IJebecca
AI., daughter of James H. and Nancy Phillips,
also of Sussex county. Two of their children
iire living: T. Nancy E., manned Dr. Joseph
A. Ald'arrcn; 11. Rebecca A. (ilrs. Daniel
Eo(.ks). Winder Dashiell died Alay 31, 1851.

Airs. Ellegood's father, AVilliani AV. Dash-
iell, attended the public sclio<3ls of AVicomico
county, and s])ent three or four years in the
academy, at Laiu-el, Del. In 1842 his father
fonned a ]>artnership with him, the father
furnishing the ea]utal, and the son transacting
the business. Pesidcs the management of his
store he dealt in w<x)d, produce, grain, lumber,
etc., and owned several vessels. In 1854, he
excjianged mercantile business for o])erations
in real estate. He owned a vast amount of real
•estate. Ah'. Dashiell ap])lied hinisidf clo.-cly

to business, and was one of the most wealthy
men of Laurel and it.s vicinity. AVilliam W.
Dashiell was married, June 20, 1854, to ili-
randa H., daughter of Capt. William and
Eleanor Wheatley, of Proad Creek luuidred.
'J'hey had four children: I. Ahna I'dlen, died
in infancy; II. ]\Iai-y Clara; III. Eleanor, died
April 27, 18G4; IV. ^larian, man-ied to John
A. Ellegood, M. D. In 1840, :\Ir. Dashiell
liecame a member of the AI. P. church, in
which he Avas an office bearer for many years.

EDWIN P. IRAVIN, AVilmington, Del,
son of Edwin AI. and Alary (Stilz) Irwin, was
born in Baltimore, i\Id., January 25, 1855.

His father was born in Cincinnati, Ohio,
and attended school there. AVhen a young
man he went to Paltimore, Md., and resided
there a number of yeai-s. He came to AVil-
mington about 1882 and established himself in
the wall paper business. Edwin H. Irwin was
niarricxl in Paltimore, Md., to ]\Iary Stilz.
They had one child, Ed\\'in B. Irwin. ilrs.
Irwin died in 185G; Air. Irwin, June 21, 1897.

Edwin B. Irwin enjoyed but meagre edu-
cational opportunities. He attended the pub-
lic schools of Baltimore, luit only in the win-
ter, as he Wiis employed at maiuial labor dur-
ing the wanner seasons. For a short time he
was a pupil, also, in a select scho(jl there. He
was early taken into his father's business es-
tablislnnent and learned painting and paper-
hanging. He accompanieil his father to AVil-
mington and became interesteil in business
with him, proving a Tuost valuable associate.
Since his father's death be has continued the
business in connection ^\^th Aledford T. Gud-
geon, under the firm name of Gudgeon &
Irwin, at the northwest corner of Si.xth and
Tatnall Sts., AVilmington. He has been a suc-
cessful nuTchant and is a popular citizen. He
is a member of Eden Lcxlge No 34, I. O. 0. F.
In his iiolitical views he is liberal, and in mak-
ing uj) his ticket selects the best men regard-
less of their jiolitical affiliations.

On June 23, 188G, Edwin E. Invin mar-
ried, in Philadelphia, Elizabeth C, daughter
of .loseph and Alary E. Leath.

CHARLES E. AVIIITE, AVilmington,
Del., son of the late Alexander and Alary j^nn
(Beyer) AVhite, was born in Wilmington, Del.,
September 20, 1872.

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288

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

He is of Irish descent on liis father's side,
while his maternal ancestors had their home
in ficrmany.

Charles E. White was a fortunate yoiitli, in
that he was given nnusnal advanUges for ob-
taining a liberal education, and a wise one in
that he neglected none of them. lie tii-st en-
tered the private school taught by !Miss Ale-
hatfey, of Wilmington. After completing the
course there, he became a pupil in Ivugby
Academy of Wilmington, the leading educa-
tional institution of the city, at that time eon-
ducted by a well-known teacher, Dr. Samuel
!Mnrphy. The sessions were held in the Jla-
souic temple, where i\rr. AVhite attended sev-
eral terms. Tie then studied for one year at
Delaware College, Xewark, and matn(;ulated
at the Fniversity of Pennsylvania, Philadel-
phia, Pa., where ho was a student for three
yeai-s and completed the prescribed course. In
180(! he returned to Wilmington and engaged
in business as a real estate and investment
broker at No. 915 ^larket Street. Ilis venture
has been successful and has been on a paying-
basis since its cstablislnucut. lie has
much business ability and acumen, is
genial and industrious and is highly
esteemed by his clients and by the
general public. lie is a member of Wash-
ington lodge, No. 1, K. of P., Wilming-ton.
!Mr. AVhite is a Democrat and is active in the
ranks of his party. His family attends the
P. E. church. He is a member of St. John's
Chapter of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew.

THOMAS A. D. nUTSON, AVilniington,
Del., son of Joshua and Mary Jane (Parrish)
Iltitson, was born in Baltimore, !Md., Decem-
ber 3, IS-iS.

His paternal ancestors were Scotch-Irish;
his mother was a descendant of an English
family. Daniel Ilutson, his gTandfather,
came to America from the north of Ireland
at an early date and settled in ]\rarylaaid, in
which state he died. He married and had chil-
dren as follows: I. Joshua; II. John; III.
Alexander; IV. Lucy. All are deceased. Ed-
ward Parrish, maternal grandfather of
Thomas A. D. Hudson, was a native of ilary-
land. He served in the United States army
in the AVar of 1S12. He married llachel (!os-
nell, whoso father was a soldier in the Pevolu-
tio7iarv war. She was, also, a native of ^lary-
land. Their children were: I. Jen-miah, died

when young; II. Eliakim, deceased; III.
(iideon, deceased; IV. Edward, deceased; V.
Charity, deceased; VI. Lucrctia, deceased;
A'll. Mary Jane (Airs. Joshua llntson), de-
eeased; VIII. Kachel (Airs. John Chalk); IX.
Deborah (Airs, dames Motherwell). Edward
Parrish die<l in Baltimore county, ^Id., about
18r)S.- ]\li-s. Parrish removed to Lawrence,
.Mass., about IbGS, and died there in 187(5, at
the venerable age of U<i years and 7 months.

Joshua Ilutson, father of Thomas A. D.
llntson, was born in Baltimore county, ^Id.,
in lb 10. He attended the public schools, and
learned the trade of wheelwright. While yet
a yoiuig man he went to Iowa, and worked at
his trade in Cono for some time. Then he re-
turned to ilarylaud, and in August, ISGl, en-
listed in Company H. Third Regiment, Mary-
land A'olunteer Infantry. Having served for
more than a year in the Civil AVar, he dicnl on
Bolivar Heights, W. A"a., in November, ISG;^,
of disease contracted in service. Joshua Hut-
son luarrifnl Alary Jane, daughter of Edward
and llachel Parrish, of Baltimore county, Md.
They had children: I. Thomas A. D. ; II.
Daniel AV., of Baltimore; III. John E., mar-
ried Sarah ]\Ierritt, of Baltimore; lA'. De-
borah E. (]\Irs. James Powell) of Baltimore;
X. Henry Clay, of AVashington, D. C., mar-
ried Aloubia Bycrs. ilrs. llntson died on
May 27, 1891, at seventy years of age.

Thomas A. D. Ilutson was educated in the
public schools of Baltimore. At the age of
thirteen, he became a clerk in a store and re-
mained there until Jnne, 18G-i, when he ran.
away from Innne and enlisted in Comi)any E,
Eleventh Begiment, :\Iaryland A^olunteer In-
fantry. He was not yet sixteen years old, and
his mother secured his immediate discharge-
from the army. He was taken home, and re-
mained there' until Febrnary, 18G5, when he
enlisted at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., in Company
E, One Hundred and Ninety-second Begi-
ment. New York Volunteer Infantry. He
sen-cd with this command until October,
18G5, when he was mustered out at Cumber-
land, Md., discdiarged at Albany, N. Y., and
retiH-ned home.

In the same month ]\Ir. Ilutson bei'ame an
apprentice at house carpentry and when he had
mastered his trade, worked at it until ilay,
1872, at which time he entered the employ of
the Northern Central Bailway Co. as a car-
penter in the Baltimore car shops. He contin-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

280

ued there until October 1, 1874, whou he was
appointed foreiuau of car inspectoi's and re-
pairmen on the IJaltiniore division of tlie road.
On Xoveniber G, 1883, he was promoted to tiio
position of general ear inspector at I'liihidel-
phia of the P., AV. & E. It. 11. of Pennsylvania
K. ]i. system. On January 1, 1885, he was
appointed foreman of the P., W. & 13. ear
shojis in AVihnington, Del., and has ever since
fulfilled the duties of that oiiice. Mr. Ilutson
is a member of Industry Lodge, No. '2, A. 0.
U. AV., of AVilnungton, and in political mat-
ters is a stanch llepublican.

On November 10, 1809, Thomas A. J).
llut^on was married to Laura Y., daughter of
AVilliani 0. and I'lizalieth C. Frederick, of
Ijaltiinorc. Their children are: I. AVilliani
T.; II. Joshua, deceased; ITT. Edwin AV., de-
ceased; lA'. Cora May, deceased; Y. Clara E. ;
YI. Laura A'.; A^II Grace S.; A^IL Lucretia
G.; IX. Mon-is IL E.; X. Minnie K.; XL
Howard !>., deceased; XIL James V.., deceas-
ed; XIIL Nellie, deceased; XIA^ John N^el-
son, deceased; XA'. Chark'S IF. ]\Ir. ir\itsuu
and family attend the M. E. churrli.

JOSEPH IL GREEXMAXT, JR., AVil-
mington, Del., son of AVilliani and Sarah
(Dowler) Greenman, was born in Philadd
phia, Pa., June 23, 1850.

Neliemiah Greenman, great-great-grand-
father of Joseph IT. Greenman, Jr., was a na-
tive of Connecticut and a Presbyterian min-
ister. It was through liis efforts that the
church at Dareto^^^^, N. J., was erected. In
this sanctuary he preached for a nuudjcr of
years and ministered faithfully to the congi-e-
gation who gathered there to woi-ship and
hear his exposition of the Script ares. He
died in Daretown, and his remains, with those
of his wife, were buried in the churchyard
near the door of the edifice he loved so well.

William Greenman, father of Joseph H.
Greenman, Jr., was born about 180S in Dare-
town, N. J., and obtained his early education
tliere. After residing in various places he
removed to Philadelpliia and there engaged
in the wall paper business, in which he con-
tinued until his death. AVilliani Greenman
married Sarah, daughter of John and Eliza-
beth Dawler. They had children: T. John,
of Philadelphia, man-led ^farv TtoQcrs. of
Easton, Pa., has one child, Silas C; IT. AVil-
liani D.. of Philndelphia. niamed "Marin AV;il-
her, of Philadelphia, had one child, AA^ilHani;

married secondly Alary Kuthard, of Philadel-
ohia; Til. Matilda, deceased; i\^ Elizabeth,
deceased; V. Joseph IL, Jr.; VI. Ida, de-
ceased. AVilliani Cireennian died in Philadel-
phia in 1S02; iiis wife, .Mrs. Elizabeth Green-
man, in 1851.

Joseph H. Greenman, Jr., was educated in
the public schools of Philadelphia. His
mother died when he wa;5 only ten months
old; his father when he had reached twehe
years. Upon the death of the latter he came
to AVilmington and made his home with his
uncle, Joseph H. (ireenman, and served un-
der him an apprenticeship of nine years at
paper-hanging. AVhen he attained his ma-
jority, he went into business for himself as a
dealer in wall paper and paper-hangings, and
has made this enterprise very profitable to
him. Mr. Greenman is poi)nlar and progres-
sive. He is a member of the L O. IL Po-
litically he is to be found in the Eepubliean
ranks.

On l^^arch 15, 1877, in AA'ilmington, Jo-
sejili IL Greenman, Jr., was married to 'Slavy
E., daughter of James and Anna "^[. AVooley,
(if AVilmington. They had two children,
both of whom died in infancy. "Mr. and ^frs.
Greenman attend the Presbyterian church of
AVilniiiiaton.

JOHN N. DOTO, AVilmington, Del., son
of A\'illiam and iLiry (La Pierre) Doto, was
born in Baltimore, ]\ld.. May ■!, 1850.

His ancestors on both the paternal and ma-
ternal sides were of Erenxdi origin. His
father is still living.

The children of AVilliani and Mary (La
Pierre) Doto are: I. (ieorge, foreman of a
macdiine shop of the P., AV. & B. P. R. Co.,
at AVilmington; IL William, deceased; TIL
Catliarine, decease<l; lA'". John X'^.; Y. HenrN-,
deceased; A' I. ibiry E. (Airs. Thomas 'MiUe-
mow), of Philadelphia.

John N. l^oto accompanied his parents on
their removal to Philadelphia when he was yet
a youth, and in that city obtained his educa-
tion in the public school. AViieii he had com-
])leted liis studies he entered the old P., AA'". &
]'.. P. P. shops in Philadel]diia and acquired
his trade as a maeliinist. He was enijiloyed
by the railroad company as a jouriieynian
until June 12, ISOO, when he was a]ioointed
foreman of the enalne house in AVilininuton,
a position (le has since retained. "Mr. Doto is

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290

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

a member of Wilmington Lodge, No. 1, A.
O. U. W., aud of the l\, W. <S: B. li. K. Ke-
lief Association. His political faith is based
on the doctrines of Jetlei-son and Jackson.

On July 8, 187'J, in IMiiladelphia, John N.
Doto was married to liebeeca C, daughter of
AVilliam and ^Mary Smith. Their children
are: 1. Alary Elizabeth; 11. Henry Lewis; III.
-John iSI., 2. ilr. Doto and family attend the
Old Swedes' church.

and Mary Barwick. Mi's. Scott was born in
Cecil county, Md., March 4, 1838. Mr. and
Airs. Scott are members of the Scott AI. E.
church of Wilmington, Del.

TIIOAIAS L. SCOTT, Wilmington, Del.,
son of Thomas and Katharine (Fleuhardy)
Scott, was born in Appoqniuimink hundred,
Xew Castle county, Del., October 15, 18j(j.
Thomas Scott, grandfather of Thomas L.
Scott, was born in Ireland, where he spent his
youth and early manhood. lie came to I^ela-
ware in the latter part of the eighteenth cen-
tury, lie was a preacher in the AL E. church,
and was assigned to various charges in Dela-
M'are. He married Ann Alars. Their children
are: I. Thomas, 2; II. Levi, a bishop of the
AI. E. church. Thomas Scott died in Centre-
ville, Aid.

Thomas Scott, 2, was born in Ajijioquini-
mink hundred, Kew Castle county, Del., Oc-
tober 2, 1800. Throughout his life-time he
was interested in agricultural matters in his
hundred, and was not only a prominent
farmer, but a commissioner of the Levy
'Court, and for one term was county treas-
urer.

Thomas Scott was married to Aliss Alercer,
who (lied, leaving one child, AVilliam, of Alid-
dletown, Del. Mr. Scott's sec<jnd wife was
Katherine Fleuhardy. Their children were:
I. Thdinas L. ; II. Ann Eliza (Airs. Edward
Silco.\~), of Philadelphia. Afr. Scott died
April 4, 1871, in Appoquinimink hundred.
Airs. Scott died September 19, ISGl.

Thomas L. Scott attended the public
■schools of his neighborhood, and until IS TO
was engaged in farming the homestead. In
1870 he removed to Aliddletown, and resided
there until the spring of 1897, when he \vent
to AVilmington to enter upon the duties of his
present position, that of janitor of the Su-
T^reme Court building. Air. Scott is a Demo-
crat from conviction and has done valued ser-
vice for his party.

On April 16,' 1863, in St. Qeorge's hun-
dred, New Castle county, Thomas L. Scott
wn« man-ied to Alary T., daualiter nf William

IHCillT KEVEUExVD LElUllTOxX
COLEAIAN, D. D., J-L. D., Bishop of
Delaware, Wilmington, Del., is a son of the
Kev. John and Louisa Alargaretta (Thomas)
Coleman, and was born Alay 3, 1837, in Phila-
delphia, Pa.

His paternal grandfather, John Coleman,
Sr., was of English birth, but a citizen of tbi;
I'nited States. He gained distinction in the
war of 1812 by rescuing an American flag
which the standard bearer had abandoned in
a retreat. The brigade in which Air. Cole-
man seiwed was considered one of the bravest
and handsomest in the service. John Cole-
man married Elizabeth Aloncuse. Their chil-
dren were: I. John; II. Robert; III. Charles
1!.; IV. Sarah (AIi-s. Charics AI. Smith); V.
]']iizabeth (Airs. John S. Brown), whose hus-
band was at one time mayor of Baltimore;
VI. Clara (Airs. John P. Alorton), Avhose hus-
band - was cashier of the Commonwealth
Bank, of Richmond, A^a. All are deceased.
John Coleman spent his later years in Balti-
more.

His eldest son, Rev. John Coleman, was
born in that city, February 11, 1801, re-
ceived his education there, and prepared him-
self for Holy Orders under the Rev. Dr. llen-
shaw, then rector of St. Peter's church, Balti-
more, and afterwards Bishop of Rhode Is-
land. In 1835, Air. Coleman was ordained
to the Diaconate in Baltimore, by the Right
Rev. Bishoji Stone; he took priest's orders in
Frederick, Aid., in 1836. Shortly after his
ordination, he was api>ointcd rector of St.
Stephen's church, Cecilton, Aid., and St.
Anne's church, Aliddletown, Del., and served
for one year. In 1837, Rev. Air. Coleman was
elected to the rectorship of Trinity church,
Southwark, Philadelphia, and resided in tliat
city until 1S.")9; he then became rector of St.
John's church, in St. Louis, AIo. In 1863,
he was elected to the rectorship of St. An-
drew's church, Jackson, Aliss.; resigniuii; this
charge some time later, he returned to St.
Louis, where he died in Sei)tember, ISCi'.l.
Rev. John Coleman, D. D., was au able
writer; for manv years he edited the Banner
of Ihc Cross, a lea'diu'r paper of the Episcopal

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1 1 ■ )

STATE OF DELAWARE

291

church, besides writing a uuiaber of widely-
knowu theological works, lie was au earnest
teacher, a kind aud faithful pastor, and wiw
greatly beloved by his people. Kev. John
Colenum was married to Louisa Margaretta,
daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth Thonui.s;
she was born in Baltimore, Md., March 19,
ISOS, and died in St. Louis, Mo., in 18S4.
Their children are: I. Sarah, died in child-
hood; IL Lorraine, died in childhood; 111.
Ifenshaw, deceased, served in the war of tliQ
liebcUion; IV. Leighton; V. Virginia (Mrs.
Albert B. Gregory), of St. Lotus, Mo.; VI.
John, of London, England; VII. Enuna;
aud three who died in infancy.

lii^hop Coleman was educated at St. James'
(iraunuar School, and the Episcopal Aca-
demy, of Philadelphia. For live years after
leaving school, he devoted his time to business,
ami then entered the General Theological
Seminary, of New York, graduating, after
a three veal's' course, in Jane, 18G1. On
July 1, ]SGU, he was ordained deacon by the
Eiiilit lieverend Alonzo Potter, Bishop of
Pennsylvania, and upon his retiu'u to the
Seminary he was appointed missionary of tlie
])ublic institutions of Blackwell's and liau-
dall's Islands. After his graduation, iu 1801,
he became the first rector of the new parish
(if St. Luke's Bustleton, Philadelphia, Pa.
In this cliureh he took priest's orders iu ^lay,
18C2, Bishop Potter otficiaiing, aud con-
tinued his labors iu the parish for two years.
Dr. Coleman became rector of St. John's par-
ish, Brandy wine village, Del., Noveuiber 23,
ISC.;]; i.f "the parish of St. ]\rark's, ]\Liuch
('hunk, Pa., December 2, 18GG; and of U'l'iu-
ity church, Toledo, 0., May 3, 1874. The last-
nanu'd parish he served until the autumn of
ISTU, when on account of his wife's health,
he resigned to go abroad. I'^or nearly seven
years Dr. Coleman was engaged in clerical
labors in England. Returning to America,
iu October, 1SS7, he became rector of the
( 'hiu'cli of the Bcdcenier, at Sayre, Pa. Bev.
Dr. T'olciiiau was elected in 1874 to the
bi-hopi'ic iif l^')nd du Lac, but declined that
liu>t. On St. Luke's day, 18S8, in St. John's
iliurch, Wiluiiugtoii, he was consecrated
Bi'-h(ip of Delaware, the Bight Beveren<l
iii-hiiiK Bowe, Bulison, Whitehead, Scav-
iMi.i'uah, Whitaker and Adams assisting in
thi^ ( ( reuiony. I^isliop Coleman is the au-
llicr (if the llhfovy of the Church In
AhiDiru, of a history of the Lehigh Valley,

anil of numerous essays. His earnest and-
profound study of divine revelation, his long
experience among all classes of humanity, and
his devotion to his J\Iaster's work, have made
him a most successful physician of the soul.
His best earthly reward is the allectiou of
those to whom he has ministered.

Bishop Leighton ('olenuin was married in
St. John's church. Brandy wine, July 30,
ISGl, to Frances Elizabeth, daughter of
Alexis 1. and Joanna (Smith) Du Pont. They
have one son, Alexis I. Du Pont Coleman.

JOHN W. ilcDANNELL, AVilmington,
Del., sou of Sauuiel and Mary (MeEwen)
jMcDannell, was born iu Cecil county, Md.,
April 12, 183i.

Jlis paternal and maternal ancestors were
Scotch and settled in Cecil county, Md., be-
fore the Bevolutionary War. 'J'he original
orthogra[ihy of his name was MacDonald,
and thus it was spelled when the MacDonald
clan \vas one of the most powerful among the
hills of old Scotland. John McDanuell,
grandfather of John W. ilcDanuell, w;i3
born in Scotland and came to America about
1775. lie selc-jted Cecil county, Md., as the
location of his home, and there took up a
tract of land and began tilling it. On the
outbreak of the Bevolutionary War Mr. Mc-
Danuell enlisted on the side of the colonists,
aud fought valiantly until the surrender of
Cornwallis. "When the w:ir had ended he be-
came an iron mller for the Elkton Forgo
Cnmpany, of ilaryland. John ]\tcDannell
was married in Scotlaiul; his children were:
I. Jomithan; TL William; III. John; IV.
Elizabeth; V. Samuel; all are deceased. John
^trcDaiincll died in 1S13.

Samuel }*[cDaiinell, his fifth child, was
born in Cecil county, Md., iu 1813. There
he was engaged for many years in the milling
business. He was a resident of Cecil county
throughout his life. Samuel lyfcDnnnell mar-
ried Mary, daughter of Barton and Cathe-
rine ]\IcEwen, of Cecil county; aud had chil-
dren: L James, served iu Company C, Sec-
ond Beeiment, Delaware Volunteer Infantry,
durini!' the Civil War, now resides at the Sol-
diers' Home, Fortress Alonroe. Va.; TL John
W. ; III. Asbury, of AVilmincton, a member
of Company C, Second Begiment, Delaware
Volunteer Infantry, during the war of the
Bebellion; IV. Snniuel, 2, of l^farcus Hook, a

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202

BIOGBAPUWAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

boldicr ill Company J, i''iftli Kogiuicut, Alary-
laud \ olunteLT Infantry, iu the Ivubclhoa;
N'. AVilliani, of 2s'cwark, Del.; VI. Emily
(AIi-s. ilary \Vliitcraft), of riiilaJelpliia.
banuicl Ak-l)aniiL'll died in Cecil county, Aid.,
Ill I6t)4r. iMis. ]\lcJ)aiinell died in 1662.

John W. McDaniK.U was educated in select
schools iu Cecil county, Aid., and spent his
■y-outli on the homestead farm. After finish-
ing his course at school, he went to riiiladel-
phia and leanied carpentry. His trade ac-
([uired, he returned to Cecil county and work-
<"d tiiere until 1856. In that year he removed
to Youngstown, Ohio, and was employed as a
carpenter on the Pennsylvauin and Ohio ca-
nal for a period of ten yeai-s. In 1SG8, he
returned to Cecil county. Aid., and purchased
a farm which he cultivated for two years. In
April, 1870, he entered the sen-ice of the P.,
AV. A: B. K. II. Co. at Wilmington, and for
twenty-eight years has continued in its em-
ploy, the past twenty as foreman of the west
yard bridge constrtietion department shops.
The proper discharge of his duties requires
skill in mechanics, and Mr. AIcDimnell has
dcnioiistratcd that he is abundantly qualitied
for the responsible duties of liis position. lie
is one of the most bighly respected foremen
in the company's service, is a cordial and hon-
orable friend and a good citizen. Mr. AIc-
IJaniiell is a member of Alinnequa Tribe, No.
S, I. O. R. il. He is independent in his po-
litical ^'iews, and at the ballot box votes for
the fittest candidates and the measures that
promise most benefit to the taxpayers.

On January 1, 18(11, in Phihulelphia, John
AV. AtcDannell was married to Ella E., daugh-
ter of Joshua and Susanna Alendenhall. Their
children are: I. Alary E., at home; II. Clara
(Airs. AVilliani Ball), of AVilmington; III.
Alice (AIi-s. Charles C. Pylc), of Wilming-
ton; lA''. Horace, at liome. The family of
Air. AIcDannell attend the Presbyterian and
AI. E. churches.

WILLIAAI F. CASPERSON, AVilmimr-
ton, T)el., son of David R. and Sarah F.
(Shaw) Casjierson, was born in Delaware
Citv, Del., December 28, 1835.

The Caspcrson family is of Swedish de-
scent and was one of the earliest in the list
of settlers of New Castle county, Del. The
Shaw family is of Cierman oriain, ami lias re-
sided in Xcw Castle county for inanv years,

having come here from New Jersey. William
( 'asperson, grandfather uf William E. Camper-
son, was born in New Castle county, and al-
ways lived there; he was a farmer. He mar-
ried Alary Saville, of New Jersey, and had
children: 1. David S.; 11. William E. ; 111.
Samuel; IV. Alary Jane (Airs. Charles Le-
conipte); \. Richard; Y I. Eliza; Vll. Cathe-
rine (Mrs. Edward Streets).

David S. Casperson was born iu New Cas-
tle county, about 1808. He resided on the
farm until I6i55 and then removed to Dela-
ware City and afterward to Kent county,
where he made his home until his death. He
Mas engaged in farming ai;d ship-building.
David S. Casperson man'ied Sarah F., daugh-
ter of Ezekiel and Alary Shaw, of New Castle
county. Their children were: I. AVilliam F. ;
II. John S.; III. Alary S. (Mrs. Alitchell
Baston); IV. Sarah H. (Airs. Ezekiel Shaw).

AVilliam F. Casperson spent his early life
in Kent county and acquired his education in
the public schools there. AVhen his school
days were ended he learned carpentry in the
bridge dep:utment of the P., W. A: B. R. R.,
in Wilmington, and has been almost con-
tinuoiuly in the sen'ice of the company since
18GG. He is still in the department in which
he mastered his trade and is a capable em-
])loyee and an upright poj)ular citizen. Air.
( 'asperson is a member of AVilmington Con-
clave, No. 22, I. O. H., and of Industry
Lodge, No. 2, A. O. U. AV. He is a Demo-
crat.

On December 10, 1807, in Wilmington,
A\'illiam E. Casperson was married to
Eleanora AV., daughter of David AV. and
Alary A. Smith, of Baltimore, Md. They
have one child, David S. S., who married
Emily A. Smcdley, of AVilmington, and re-
sides in this city. Air. Casperson attends the
Ba])tist churcii.

PATRICK NEARA^ AVilmington, Del.,
son of John and Catharine (Shartel) Neary,
was born in County Kilkenny, Ireland,
Alarch 15, 184G.

His ancestors were all natives of County
Kilkenny, and Avitli the exception of his
father, have been buried there for as many
years as there is record of them. John Neary
came to this country with his two children
in 185S, and landed in New York city, but
almost immediately removed to Wilmington,

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STATE OF DELAWARE

293

iiud uukIc this city Lis home. For a uumber
of years he was engaged a= a laborer, lie
Jied in AViliiiiugluu at the advanced age ui
seventy-six, and was buried In the 11. V.
cemetery of tiie city. His wife, Catharine
.Xeary, die-d in County Kilkenny, Ireland, in
l&.'jo, and was buried there. Mr. Xeary had
these children: I. Patrick; 11. Anna (^Irs.
James Ivcrrigan), had children, i. William,
ii. James, iii. Anna.

I'atrick ^>'eary was educated in the pai-o-
chial schwls of County Kilkenny, Ireland.
He was twelve years old when he came to
America with his father, and at the age of
"fourteen he was apprenticed at^coopering. In
a few months, however, he relinquished this
and learned baking, in whicji he was engaged
when the civil war began. In 18C2, he en-
listed in the One Hundred and Fifty -seventh
Ilegiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, and
served in the army until the end of the
war. During those three years he participated
in some of the most important engagements,
among them the battle of the "Wilderness,
May 5 to 12, 1804; Korth Anna, May 21 to
2li; Cold Harbor, June 1 to 3, and Peters-
burg, in June and July. At Petersburg,
June 25, he was wounded in the right arm,
and was confined in the hospital nine months.
In ^lai-ch, 18G5, Mr. Xeary rejoined his regi-
ment and was present at all the important en-
gagements until the surrender of (u-neral
Lee, April 9, 18G5. He was on the skinnish
line on the morning of the surrender. On
July 3, 1SG5, he was mustered out of the ser-
vice at Harrisburg, Pa. From Harrislnirg,
IMr. Xeary went, on July 4, to Wilmington,
and soon apprenticed himself to a carriage
blacksmith. He worked as an apprentice
three years, and afterwards continued at his
trade as a journeyman until 1877, when he
was appointed coimty constable for Xew
Castl<? county. He discharged the duties of
this position faithfully for four years, and was
then re-appointed, this time by the State. The
office was not, however, congenial to him,
and at the expiration of four years he resig-ned
his commission and re-engaged in blacksmith-
ing, at which he continued until Febnuirv,
1S83, when he was appointed collector of
county taxes for the northern district of "Wil-
mington hundred, Xew Castle county. This
office he held for three successive terms of
two vears each. After these six years as col-

lector, he became extensively interested in
building and re-al e-state operations. He is
now the superintendent and manager, and a
member of the Droonie Street Improvement
Company, of Wilmington. 'J'his company
hiis erected one hundred and fifty dwelling
houses, princinally on the old almshouse
{)roperty, six-tenths of which the company
purchased, including that portion of Wil-
mington bounded by Fourth, Front, Broome
and Harrison streets. Mr. X'eary was active
in politics in early manhood, and soon be-
came an iniftortant factor in the local con-
tests. He allied himself with the Democratic
party, worked with energy in the ranks for
a time, and rose to the position of a trusted
and successful leader. He held a high place
in the councils of his party, and often secured
a victory for its candidates when defeat
seemed assured. "While always an aggressive
and fearless leader, he won tlie esteem of his
opponents and their generous recognition of
his ability as a campaign manager, aud when
he engaged in business lie received their
hearty support.

On May 20, 1870, Patrick Xeary was mar-
ried to ilary, daughter of ]\Iichael and Brid-
get (Bracken) rQuinn. Their children are:
I. Catharine, died in infancy; II. Mary F. ;
III. Flizabeth O.; IV. John F.; V. Anna A.;
VI. Gertrude M.; VII. Lucy; VIII. Helen,
died in infancy. All the children reside at
home, with the exception of John F. X^earv,
who is a student in Princeton University, X.
J. ^Ir. X^'eary an<l his family are members
of the Sacred Heart R. C. church.

FREDERICK AV. TUXX^ELL, Philadel-
phia, Pa., son of Charles and Sarah A.
(Short) Tunnel], was born in Crcorgeto-mi,
Del., May 3, 1854.

His early life was spent in Georgetown,
and his education was obtained in the George-
town Academy. "When he was seventeen
years old he removed to Philadelphia, and
has been engaged in business in that city since
IS 70. For a number of yeai-s he has manu-
factured glue on an extensive scale. Mr.
Tuniull is a member of the Sons of Delaware
of Philailelphia. In his political opinions he
is independent.

Ou December 26, 1877, in Philadelphia,
Frederick 'W. Tunnell was married to Caro-
line, daughter of .lohn and IMai-v E. L.

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294

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Welch. Air. Welch is a native of England,
and Mrs. Welch was born in i'hiladelphia.
Air. and Airs. Tunuell have children a:, fol-
lows: 1. llayuiond W., born January I'J,
IST'J; II. Harold, born April 2;], lbS5; ill.
Bertram A., born IJeceniber '61, 18U(J. Air.
Tunnel 1 and his wife arc nienibei-s of the First
Al. E. church of Germautowu, Fa., of which
congregation Air. Tunnel 1 is a trustee, and
chairman of the finance committee. He is
also superintendent of the Sunday-school, and
a member of the general hoard of the Ep-
worth League, besides holding other church
offices.

PEAIBERTON BURTON WEST, Thila-
del[)liia, Pa., son of George H. and Alatilda
(Burton) AVest, was born in Pinladelphiu,
June 1, 1850. llis ancestors were among the
earliest settlers of Delaware; the Wests are
widely connected, and hold their place among
the most honored families of the state. Pem-
berton B. West is a representative of the sev-
enth generation of the family in America;
its records present the following facts:

Robert West, the pioneer settler, was born
in England during the latter half of the sev-
enteenth century, the exact date not being
preserved, and came to America during his
minority. He married Elizabeth, daughter
of Peter and Grace Lewis, born November 1,
1G97, between the hours of 1 and 2 a. m.
Their children were: I. William; II. John;
HI. Wrexham; IV. Robert, 2; V. Joseph;
YI. Lewis; VII. Peter. Robert West died
October 2;l, 1742; Elizabeth (Lewis) West,
Alarch 2r., 1751.

/. William West, eldest son of Robert and
Elizabeth (Lewis) West, was born April 15,
1720; died April 4, 1743. His son, William
AVest, 2, was born February 29, 1743; he
man-ied Esther, daughter of Jacob and Han-
nah Art, and had children: I. Wrexham; II.
AVilliam, 3; HI. Jacob; IV. John AL; V.

Bailey A.: VL Elizabeth (Airs. Rod-

nev);'born in 1744, died in lS-12; VTL Hen-
rietta (Mrs. Ale Alain); VITI. Hannah

(Airs. AViltbank).

I. AA'rexham West, eldest son of William
and Esther (Art) AVest, married Rebecca
Oonwell. Their children were: i. Joseph,
married Lydia Alcllvaine, had children, 1.

James Ale , 2. Joseyih IL, 3. Henrietta

Af. (Airs. AVare), 4. Alary L. (Mr.s.

Carpenter); ii. Jacob, married Clara Brooks,
had children, 1. Jacob, 2. Samuel, 3. Wrex-
ham, 4. Rebecca (AIi-s. Hudson), 5.

Alary (Mi-s. Wolfe), G. Elizabeth, 7.

Henrietta, 8. Sarah, it. Hannah; iii. Elizabeth

(Ah-s. Clifton); iv. Hannah (Mrs ■

Wilson).

II. William AVest, 3, second son of AVil-
liam, 2, and Esther (Art) West, married
Alary AVestley. Their children were: i. John;
ii. James, married Rebecca, daughter of
George and Abigail (Fisher) Hazzard, of
Sussex county, Del., and had children, 1. Wil-
liam, 5, uuirried Eliza Vessels, 2. George 11.,
married fii^t Alatilda J>iu'ton, second Sarah '
CL AVilliams, third Caroline AL Parker, had
children, Pembertou Burton, Franklin and
Henry Fisher, died January 8, 1890, 3. Abi-
gail (Airs. John G. Todd), 4. Alary (Airs.
John A. Clampitt), 5. Sarah (Mrs. Henry C.
Alaull), 6. Alargaret (Airs. G. G. Capron);
iii. Samuel, married Rhoda Duffield, had chil-
dren, 1. Edward, married Elizabeth Vent,
had one son, Samuel, 2, 2. William, 3. .lolin,

4. Deborah (Mrs Long), 5. Eliza, G.

Katherine (Airs. Cottingham), 7. Emily

(Airs. Janu'S AV. Zimmerman); iv. William,
4; married Ruth Duffield, had children, 1.

Alary (Airs. Schellinger), 2. Alartha

(AIi-3 Ross); v. Bailey, married Alary

Ann, daughter of Arthur AVest, had children,

1. AVilliam Arthur, married Alargaret, daugh-
ter of Robert AVest, 2. David, 3. Samuel, 4.
Alary, 5. Elizabeth, G. A'ictoria, 7. Ivatherlne;
vi. Alary (Airs. John T. Hazzard); vii. Eliza-
beth (Airs. Jidin Alai-shall); viii. Rebecca

(Airs. AVarringtou); ix. Emily Cornelia

(Airs. Thomas Alaull).

IV. John AL AVest, fourth son of William

2, and Esther (Art) AVest, married Sarah
AVhite, had children, i. AVrexham, 2, mar-
ried Alartha Finley, had children, 1. Henry
H., 2. Alai-sihall; ii. Benjamin, man-ied Phelie
Cutter, of Amboy, N. J., had one son,
Daniel; iii. Caleb, married Elizabeth Smith;
iv. Georac Edward, married Almira Guilder,
of I'hila.leli.bia, had children, 1. Charles, 2.

AVIIliiim, 3. Guilder, 4. : v.

Daniel. marrie<l ; vl. John,

married Sarah Hltclilns, bad one son, Poch-
ard; \ll. Henrietta; vlil. Sarah Ann. John
AI. AVest died In January, 1SG0.

A^ I'.allev A. AVest, youmrest son of AVil-
liam, 2, and Esther (Art) AVest, marrie.l fii-st

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\\^ '

STATE OF DELAWARE

297

!Mary Landretli, and secoml Pamela Hughes,
ot ^\ew Jersey, and had ehildreu: i. Joseph;
ii. \\'iliiaiu; iii. Haeliel; iv. Maryj v. Clemeu-
tii.e; \i. i.iizabeth Jv. liailey A. West died
iMureh 5, lb72, aged eiglity-four years.

All of the above-named niembei'y of the
West family were residents of Lewes, Del.

//. John Vt'est, second sou of Koberl and
Elizabeth (Lewis) West, was born August 10,
17:23, married, January 10, 1749, Ann
Prettyman, who was bom October 14, 1731,
had chihlreu: 1. Elizabeth, born August 4,
1751; 11. Joseph, liorn April 2, 1755; 111.
Comfort, born November 25, 1757. Ann'
(Prettyman j AVest died December 12, 17()0.
The second wife of John West was Hannah

1 hey had one child, John, -,

born October 29, 1704. John AVest died No-
^•ember 20, 1705.

///. AVrexham AVest, third son of Robert
and Elizabeth (Lewis) AVest, was born July
30, 1720, married Ann , Feb-
ruary 13, 1752, had children: I. Mary, born
December 31, 1752; 11. Benjamin, born i\lay
S, 1757, married, August 10, 1775, Mary,
daughter of AVilliam and Elizabeth Vaughn,
had one child, Elizabeth, born October 4,
1770, who married first Samuel Tingley, and
afterwards Pobert Burton, and died June 30,
1825; 15cnjamin AVest died ]\Iay 8, 1771;
III. Joliii, born jNTovember 10, 175C, died
March 20, 1772; IV. Elihu, born April 1,
1758, died September 13, 1759; A'. Ann,

bom February 19, 1700. ^Irs. Ann

AVest died in 1700; her luLsband, AVre.xhani
AVest, survived her eleven yeai-s, dying j\Iarch
27, 1777.

lY. Robert AV^est, fourth son of Robert and
Elizabeth (Lewis) AVest, was bom September
16, 17—.

V. Joseph AVest, fifth son^of Roljert and
Elizabeth (Lewis) AVest, was born September
22, 17—, died July 13, 1708.

1'/. Lewis AVest, si.xth son of Robert and
Elizabeth (Lewis) AVest, was born January
16, 1732, or 1733, married, February 13,
1701, Esther, daughter of Benjamin and Pa-
tience Stockley, who was born October 19,
1735; had children: I. Sarah, born December
24, 1701, died October 30, 1762; II. Robert,
3, born August 10, 1703; III. Lydia, born
ilay 9, 1700; lA^ Esther, born June 12,
1708; A'^. AVrexham Lewis, born November
2, 1772. ]\lrs. Esther (Stockley) AVest ,lhd

17

February 25, 1775; Lewis West died Febru-
ary 20, 1795.

Vll. Peter AVest, seventh son of Robert
and Elizabeth (Lewis) AVest, was born Octo-
ber 2S, 1734, mairied Comfort , had

one daughter, Ruth, born November 19,
1705. Peter West died May 8, 1770.

'J'he above records, so far as they relate to
the eldest branch of the AVest family, were
compiled in 1809, by a granddaughter of
AVilliam AVest, 2, who was born in 1797, just
a century after the birth of her great-great-
grandniother, Elizabeth (Lewis) AV^est. The
remaiiiing data are in the possession of the
Prettyuuui family, of Indian River, from
whom they were obtained by ilrs. Alary,

daughter of I'jlizabeth (Burton) , and

wife of Henry T. Rodney.

The nuitenial ancestry of George II., son
of James and Rebecca (Hazzard) West, and
father of Peuiberton B. AVest, includes the
Fisher and Hazzard families, of whom the
folhjwiiig interesting records are preseiwed.

Dr. Henry Fisher was born in 1700, in
Queen's County, Ireland, upon an estate
named Raleigh, which was owned in 1800 by
Sir John Pringle. Henry Fisher had three

sisters: Sarah (Mrs. Somers), F^liza-

b< til (jS\\-C. Diamond), and

(Airs. Lechester). His father died

while he was a minor, and his mother mar-
ried again. Before he attained his majority,
his step-father, having purposely made him
intoxicated, prevailed upon the young man,
by threats and promises, to assign the family
estate to him. Overwhelmed by chagrin on
account of his own misconduct, and unavail-
ing regret for the wrong he had inflicted on
his family by alienating their inheritance,
Henry Fisher set sail for India, but being
shipwrecked, and barely escaping with his
life he returned to Ireland. Not long after,
he married Diana, daughter of Colonel
Thomas and Cornelia (Ilcinesse) AVood; iliss
AVood was at the time of their marriage visit-
ing the wife of Colonel Christmas. Her
mother, Cornelia Ileinesse, was a Dutch lady,
a descendant of the princely House of
Orange; her father discarded her on account
of her mai'riage with Col. AVood, who was an
ofiicer in the British army, a native of Eng-
land. Colonel AVood, after escorting his
bride to England, returned for a short time
to Hollnud. AVhile there, he was challenged

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298

I'.lOilRA PJUCAL ENCYCLOI'h'DlA

to iiglit a duel. lla\iiig acceptetl tliu clial-
leiijii.', and being allowed the tiiv-^t tliot, In- di.-.-
cliargcd liis pistol into the airj hi- autay.mi-r,
in return, shut him dead. His body reuehcd
liis iiouie in Enghmd at a moment when his
wife and some friends whom she hail in\ited
to greet him were hourly expeeting his arri-
val, in anticipation of a joyful reunion.
' Soon after his union with iliss Wood, Dr.
Fisher sailed for Tennsylvania, and arrived
at the mouth of the J)elaware iSay in Oeto-
ber, 17-5. Landing at Capo llenlopen, he
was pre\ailed upon to settle in that region;
there being no physician in the county, the
urgent requests of the colonists there t>\it-
weighed the solicitations of the governor anil
others in Philadelphia, who wannly invited
him to make his home in that city. Dr.
Fisher Ijought a ho\ise and 100 acres of land
at Pilot town, where his son afterwards lived;
during the next yeai', having met with suc-
cess in his professional labors, he .sent to Ire-
land for his wife, who landed at Xew ( 'astle
and rode to Lewes on horseback.

The children of Dr. Henry and Diana
(Wood) Fisher were: I. Henry; IL Wood,
who died very young; IIL Cornelia (IMrs.
Daniel England), of Philadelphia; 1\'. i^iiza-
beth (-Mi-s. AVilliam Scott), 'of Waterford,
Ireland. At the age of eighteen, Klizabeth
Fisher visited her father's native land, hop-
ing to I'egain the family inheritance; her
bright expectations were doomed to disa])-
pointment, but the journey was none the les^
a momentous one for the ardent girl. While
in AVaterford she became aciiuainted with
Jlr. Soott, who was a merchant of that city,
and whom, not long after, she married; they
had one son, ifatthew Scott. In 177."', Mis
Scott paid a visit to her mother in Delaware,
and stayed mitil the following year, when she
returned to Ireland.

Henry Fisher, 2, was born ]\[arch 22, 1735.
In accordance with the ]ilans of his father,
who wished to qualify tlic youth to be his
professional assistant and successor, his early
studies were so directed as to prepai'e him for
a course in medicine. Put Dr. Fislicr died in
17-lS, and after his death, the bdv manifested
so strong a desire for a sea-faring life, that
his mother, with the liope that the fas -inatiun
might, on nearer acquaintance, give way ti
disgust, jnit him on board of a ]iilol-lMiiit. The
measure, howe^■er, failed to have its iiitiMided

etlect, and Henry Fisher continued in the
same useful service until the Pevoluti.mary
struggle became imminent. He re(ii\i-d
from the governor of Delaware a commi-^iuii
a,-> major in the l''irst DelawaiT .Milili.i, jnd
the ( '(iiiimiltee of Safety, then in so.-inn in
Fliiladel])bia, sent for him, and empuwerccl
him to call in and ili>mantle all the pilot
boats emploveil in the Delaware river except
his own, which was used for the special ser-
\'ice of looking out for the enemy, and giving
notice of his arrival. Jn _\larcb, 1771'., the
Fnglish tifty-giin frigate Jliiiliiicl.-, Captain
Ihmuiiond, arrived otf Cape llenlopen, and
Aiajor Ki,-ber disiiatched his boat, the Mar-
quis of (iiiiiihi/, to Philadelphia, with noiire;
the trip to the city was made in about ten
hours. For about two years the L'dchtick- re-
mained otf the ca[io, harassing ..Vmeiiran
commerce, and doing it great damage by the
destruction of merchant vessels. ^Lijor
Fisher continued to serve the Continental
government tlii'oughont the war, giving aid
in various ways. In the darkest hour of the
war, when (leneral Washington's suffering
troops at \"alley Forge were on the verge of
disbanding in despair, Henry l-'islier loaned
the go\-ernment several tiiotisand dollars. At
the Close of the war, Congress ordered all
claims to be brought in fm- settlement; but,
knowing the exhausted condition of the Fed-
eral treasury, and the difficulties that would
embarrass the infant government, the major
foi-bore to present his claim. 'J"wo payments
were subsequently made to his heirs, one in
]>lit, and one at an earlier date; but, al-
though the justice of the claim is ftdly ac-
knowledged, full settlement lias never been
made.

Henry Fisher, 2, was married in l75t) to
Margaret, daughter of Luke Shields. The
children of this nuirriage were: I. Penelope,
wife of Ca])tain Peter Dav, born March 22,
1757; II. Elizabeth, wife of Dr. Joseph Hall,
born December 3, 1759; IIL Esther Ann
(Miv. Piiili]) lugraham), born Januai-y — ,
17(13; slic afterwards became Afrs. Thonnis
-Mr I lam; IV. Tilargarct Sbi.Ids (:\rrs. Samuel
Tliomii<ou), born Mai-cli — , 17i'i5; V. Sarah
(Mrs. Daniel Koilney), born September 5,
17t:7; Vi. .Vbigail '(ifrs. Ceorge Hazzard),
born January :'.. 1770; \'IL Henry, born

, 1772, died when nine montlis

old; VII L .Marv, born , 1773, died

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STATE OF DELAWARE

299

at tlie iigo of tive iiioutlis; IX. Rohccca (.Nfrs.
Ciii-i.^tojilicr I.. Ju'iiiR'tt), LdMi .March I'o,
1775.

James AVost, son of William, 3, and Jlary
(Wcstlev) West, and grandfather of Pem-
l)ert()n Ihirton AVest, was horn in Lewes, and
there spent tiie greater part of liis life. Iln
liad eharge of the bnilding of the first l)reak-
water at Lewes; he was for some years a river
])iiot, and was afterwards treasnrer of the Pi-
lots' Society. As above staled, he married
IJeheeea Ilazzard, and their children were si.K
in nnnd)er. James West died in Lewes, N^o-
vember !(!, lis.')'.!. His second son, tleoruv
Ilazzard A\'e^t, was also born in Lewes, and
rcside<l there until he was sixteen years old,
when he went to Philadelphia. For nearly
fifty yeare, lie was very snecessfiilly engaaed
in the wholesale boot and shoe business at Xo.
21 Xorth Third street, in that eity. (ieorge

IT. West married ilatilda, daughter of

Jiurton; his second wife was Sarali (1. AVil-
liams, and his third, Caroline M. Parker. His
children are: I. Pcniberton Burton; Jl.
Franklin; III. Henry Fisher. George II.
AVest died in Philadelphia, January 8, 1890.

Pemberton E. AVest has resided both in
I^elaware and in Philadelphia, but most of his
life has been passed in the latter place, where
since early manhood he has been engaged in
the boot and shoe business. In IST'J, both
ho and his brother, Henry Fisher AVest, were
admitted to partnership with their father in
his extensive wholesale establishment. For
the past eight years, the business has been
prosperously conducted by the brothere. Mr.
West is a luendjer of Crescent Lodge, No.
403, F. and A. ]\I.; of Temple Chapter, No.
247, P. A. AL, of Philadelphia; and of the
Sons of Delaware, of Philadelphia. In his
political views he is a Republican.

On October 19, 1870, Pemberton Burton
AVest was married in Philadelphia, to Eliza-
beth, daughter of George AV. and Pebecca
Stull, born in that city, July i!l, 1850. Their
children aic: I. George II., born Hay 13,
ISM'; II. .Maida, born ]\Iay 3, 1885." :Mrs.
Elizabeth AVest died ]\Iarch '20, 1887. On
April 1>, 1>)80, Pendterton B. AVest man-ied
Isabella, daughter of Archibald and Nancy
Iliilmcs, born in Philadelphia, November 5,
1M17. 'i'heir only child, Pemberton B., Jr.,
was born .\ovemi>cr 8, 1897. Mr. and Mrs.

West are members of the Ninelixmth Street
-M. E. church; Mr. West is a trustee and the
treasurer of the congregation.

^ TIlOilAS C. BPADLEV, Philadelphia,
Pa., son of James and Ann (Simpson) Brad-
ley, was born in South .Murderkill hundred,
Kent county, Del., .March 3, 1851.

-Air. Bradley's i)arcnts, James and Ann
(Simpson) P.radley, were natives of Kent
county, Dtd. ; both are now deceased. Their
children are: I. Joseph, of .Milford, Del.; U.
Phel)e (Mrs. A. W. Emery), of South Mur-
derkill hundred, K'ent countv, Del.; Ill
Lina (Mi-s. O. G. Knight), of -Kent county^
Del.; IV. AViJliam II. , of Pencader hundred,
Xc'W Castle county; V. Thomas C.

Thomas C. Bradley received his education
in the public schools of his native county. lie
rcniained at home until he attained his
majority, assisting in fiic cultivation of the
liouiestead. In 1S73, ".Mr. Bradlev removed
to Philadelphia, Pa., and began business for
himself as a commission merchant, dealing
in fruit and produce. For twenty-five years
he has carried on this business with success,
respected and esteemed for his honorable and
straightforwa^-d methods. Mr. Bradley is ac-
tively interested in local politics and casts his
\-ote for men and nieasTires, unbiased by party
considerations. He is a member of the Sons
of Delaware, of Philadelphia, Pa. ilr. Brad-
ley attends the Presbyterian church.

JAMES BF.YJAMIX CAXBA', Phila-
•lelidiia. Pa., son (,f James, Jr., and S. Ma-
tilda (Price) Canby, was born at Betterton,
Kent county, ild., September U, 1848.

The Canby family is English by descent,
^[r. (Janby's great-great-grandfather, Oliver
< 'anby, son of Thomas Caiibv. was born in
Ihicks county. Pa. He was a prominent man
in the colony, and held ofKce under the Eng-
lish government before the beginning of the
war of the PcV(Jutioii. He Wius the louiider of
tlie Delaware branch of the family, and set-
tled at AVilmington, New (\stle county. Z\Ir.
Canby was a merchant miller and built the
first mills (ju the Ih'andywine, mills which
have been (jwned and mauaa-ed l)y his de-
scendants for generations, and which were
for <jne hundred years the largest in the
I'nited States. His s,,ii, Samuel, who was his
-ucccssor in the mills, was the great-grand-

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300

BIOGUAPlllCA L ENCYCLOPEDIA

father of James B. Canby. Saiimol C'anliy
wuri born in 'Wilinington, Del. He was mar-
ried to Franees Lea, and sjient his life on the
homestead.

J[r. Canby's grandfather James Canby,
son (if Samnci and Frances (Lea) Canby, who
was born in AVilniington, Pel., inherited tlio
mills and the business which had been bnilt
up by his ancestoi-s. Besides his interests in
the east, he made large investments in the
west. He also dealt extensively in real es-
tate in Baltimore, Md., and was for many
years president of the Union National Bank,
and president of the P., W. & B. 11. B.
James Canby was niaried to Elizabeth Rob-
erts, of Germantown, Pa. Their son, James
Canby, Jr., father of James B. Canby, was
born at the old home in Wilmington, Pel.
Following in the footsteps of his father and
grandfather, ^Ir. Canby engaged m i»;^li"S.
increasing the productive capacity of the oM
mills, and, by improved machinery, manu-
facturing flour and meal o^/V"^o'\f n i'
James Canby, Jr., was married to b._^Iatilda
Price Their children are : L Cathenne Rob-
erts, widow of the Rev. Edwainl ILile, re-
side in Philadelphia, Pa.; IL Esther Roberts
deceased; HL Laura, deceased; IV. Jamc.
Eeniainin. , ,

jimes Benjamin Canby was four year= o d
when his mother removed to .Wilmington,
Del He was educated in the Fnends ^^liool,
completing his eourseat ^"^f^^^^
Academy. After leaving school, Mr. Canby

uted AeBrandywine Mills of James K

Price & Co., where he remained until he was
t"enty-five. In 1873, Mr. Canby removed
0 Ph ladelphia. Pa., where he obtained a po-
,Uion in the counting house ot A exaiide^ U
Cattell & Co., and in ISTT succeeded the him
\:^^. Mr. Canby IS not only an ener-
getic .uid progressive business xnan, bu a= an
intelligent citizen, is interested m a U that
concenis the welfare of the conimunity. He
L a niemher of the IVnnsylvania Historical

bociety; of the Union League ol 1 hihulcl-
phia; of the Trades League, the Man ime Ex-
change, and the Grocers' and Importer^ Lx-
,hanoe, of Philadelphia; he is a directoi of
the Sons of Delaware, and has twice been
chosen president of the CoinnuTc.a Ex-
change, of Philadelphia, the largest trades
oro-anization of the city.

James Benjamin Canby was married, in
Philadeljjhia, Pa., June ri, 1880, to Clara
(ireenougli, daughter of Franklin and Clara
A. ((ireenonghj Piatt, 'i'heir children are:
1. Clara Greeiiough, born in I'liiladelphia,
March 15, 1881; 11. Franklin Piatt, born in
PJiiladelphia, April 23, ISSl; 111. James
Benjamin, Jr., born in Atlantic City, Sep-
tember 22, 1887. ilr. Canby and family at-
tend St. James P. E. church, Philadelphia,
Pa.

AV1LLIA]\[ IIENIIY MARVILL, 1924
Spring Garden St., Philadelphia, Pa., son of
Henry X. and Sarah (Heathers) Marvill, was
born at jMarvill's Cross Roads, Kent county,
Del., November 20, 1845.

]\lr. MarviU's grandfatlier, Adam Marvill,
a farmer, owned and cultivated extensive
tracts of land in Kent county, Del., where he
spent the greater part of his life. In the ab-
sence of family records it is impossible to de-
termine accurately, but it is supposed that he
was born in Sussex county, Del. Adam ^Lir-
vill was manied to Elizabeth Heathers. Their
children arc: I. Henry N.; II. Parmclia
(]\rrs. Levi Johnson); III. Ann (Mrs. James
Vineyard). All are now deceased. Mr.
Adam ilarvill is buried on his farm in Sus-
sex county, Del.

Henry N. !^^arvill, farmer, was born in
Sussex county, Del., in 1807. His whole life
was spent in the cultivation and improvement
of his farms. He w.is cjuiet and unassuming,
intelligent and deeply interested in all that
concerned the welfare of his native land.
Henry X. Marvill was married to Sarah
Heathers. Their children are: I. William
IL; IT. Thomas, of ]Milford, Del., married
ilary Clark. !Mr. Henry Marvill and his wife
were earnest Christians, devout members of
the ]\r. E. church. Mrs. Marvill died at Mar-
viU's "Cross Roads, Kent county, Del., in
1851; she is interred in the family burial
place on the farm in Sussex county, Del. !Mr.
Henry N. itarvill is buried in Hollywood
cemetery, Kent county, Del.

William 11. Marvill grew up on the home-
stead in Kent county, Del, and was educated
in the public schools of that district. He be-
gan his business career as a salesman in a
general store in Harrington, Del., and after-
wanls secnrci] a similar position in "Milford,
Del. In ISTfi, W. 11. Marvill romovtd to-

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'■ '■ 'I

STATE OF DELAWARE

301

I'liilaik'lphia, Pa., wliere he ubtaiued a posi-
tion in a wliolesaie notion atoru. Six yuars
afterwardi lie became a member of the tirm
of J. Ik. Jveim iSc Company, wholesale dealers
in Woolen goods, i'or twenty years lh\ ilar-
vill lias been connected with this iiriii; he is
active and energetic, a thoroughly practical
business man. lie is a Republican, interest-
ed in all that concerna the true prosperity of
the country. Mr. W. II. Marvill is a mem-
ber of the Sons of Delaware, and one of the
board of governors.

William II. ilarvill was married April S,
l^i74, to Katie liusling, daughter of Josepii
Ik. and Kate (Holloway) Keim. Their chil-
dren are: I. Lilian liusling (ilrs. John II.
llubbs), born January 13, 1S70, n-sides in
(lermantown. Pa.; II. Horace Keim, born
Angn^t IS, 187S. Mr. AVilliam ]\Iarvill, his
wife and family are members of North Broad
Street I'resbvterian ehnreh, Pliihiddphia,
Pa.

SUSSEX DELAWARE DAVIS, ESQ.,
Philadelphia, Pa., second son of Col. Sannul
Boyer and Sally (Jones) Davis, was born at
Delamore Place, near Wilmington, Del., De-
cember 30, 1838.

The lu'ogenitor of the Davis family in
Amerii-a was Bev. Samuel Davis, a native of
County Armagh, Ireland, and a Presbyterian
minister, lie came to this country abotit
1{>U-2, under the auspices of the Society for
the I'l'iipagation of the Gospel in Foreign
Parts, and was the pastor of the first Pres-
livterian church Imilt in Sussex county, Del.,
within the present limits of the town of
Lewes.

The Jones family, the maternal ancestors
of Mr. Davis, settled first in Snow Hill, Md,
but removed about 1750 to Wilmington, Del.

The parents of Col. Samuel Boyer Davis
were John and Elizabeth (Boyer) Davis. He
was born ]\Iarch 25, 176G, at Lewes, Del., and
was the only one of two sons who attained
to mature years. John Davis was a soldier in
the Continental anny; he was taken prisoner
during the Bevolution, and suffered so severe-
ly from the exposure and hardships of cap-
tivity, that he died soon after being released.
About 1783, Mrs. Davis removed to Phila-
delphia, where her son Samuel was for a short
time emi)loyed in a cotmting-house. He then
indulged his preference for a sea-faring life.

and made a number of voyages, several of
which were to France. In that country he
became acquainted with Bose Elisabeth,
daughter of Baron Pierre de Boisfontaine;
this lady he married, and for some time after
his marriage served in the French navy, hold-
ing the rank of captain. Then came revolu-
tionary days, to shake France and all its insti-
tutions to their very foundation. To escape
the agitation and the painful uncertainty of
the times. Captain Davis, about 17UG, threw
up his commission and returned to his n.itive
h'lul. Settling at ]Xew Orleans, he served un-
tler the Spanish government, then still in pos-
.session of Louisiana, as Capitano del Porto;
and when, in ISOO, the territory was ced6<l to
the French, his talents were called into reqiu-
.-ition by the new government as Juge de
pdix of the parish of St. Bernard. From the
emoluments of these offices and the profits ob-
tained from his plantation of sugar-cane,
( 'aptain Davis accumulated a considerable
fortune; enough to make him rank, in those
times, among wealthy men; he accordingly
retired from active life. Btit not for manj
years; the ditHculties between our country and
(Ireat Britain, wliich led to the war of 1S12.
apjiealed irresistibly to one of his enterprising
nature and patriotic sentiment. He made a
tender of bis services to the United States
government, which was accepted; and it was
not long before he enjoyed an opportunity to
render sigiial aid to the American cause. A
British fleet, under Admiral Beresford, had
been sent late in 1812 to enforce the block-
ade of the port^ and harbors in the Delaware
bay. In ;March, 1813, Admiral Beresford de-
manded supplies of the people of that vicinity,
and to his amazement, found his levy sternly
and persistently ojiposed. For several weeks
he continued to hesitate and to threaten Lewis-
town with bombardment; meanwhile, Ciover-
nor Haslet took measures for dcd'ence; he sum-
moned the militia, and the citizens rallied at
the call with the greatest alacrity. On renewal
of Sir John Bei-esford's demand, he firndy re-
jieati'd the refusal already made. On the sixth
of April, Commodore Beresford sent Captain
Bvron, in command of several vessels, the
Bch-idrre being the principal one, to make an
attack. After firing a few heavy rounds, with
the view of perstiading the citizens to sidimit,
Cajitain Byron sent a note, under a flag of
truce, renewing the requisition, and protest-

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S02

BIOGRA PHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ing against till' ''cTiK'lty" to the lu'lpli'.-s inlialii-
tants of the town of refusing to coinitiy with
it. Col. Davis, now in command of tlie th'-
fcnces, liaving been commissioned lieutenant
colonel of the Thirty-second Infantry ^farcli
17, 1^1;!, maintained the positive refusal of
the citi/.ens, and t>> the suiigestion of the
Ih-itish oiticer that the women and children
slundd be immediately removed from tin;
town, returned the reply that they had al-
ready been eared for. The town was then
subjected to a spirited bombardment of about
twenty-two hours, but no lives were lost. An
attempt to land, made by Captain l^yron <jn
the following day, with the intention of seiz-
ing the recpiired j^rovisions, was promptly
frustrated. 'J'lnis foiled at every point, the
eonnnandcr of the blockading licet lingered
for nearly a month, under vigilant watch on
the part of Colonel Davis, and at the end of
that time dropped down tlfe bay to Xewbold's
jionds, where he hoped to obtain fresh water;
but being once more driven back within his
"wooden walls," he withdrew liis ileet to the
Bermudas.

Commodore Beresford did not fail to -appre-
ciate the gallantry and military skill of Col.
Davis, ami requested the favor of his ac(iuaint-
ancc. An int('r\'Iew was aecordingly arrang-
C'd, wliicli pnived mutually agreeable. At its
close, the two commanders, who were both
aniateur artist.s of some skill, exchanged water-
color sketches. The one given to Colonel
Davis by Commodore Eeresford is still in the
possession of the family. During the bom-
bardment of Lcwistown, Col. Da\'is was
wounded in the face by a fragment of a shell
and had lii^ ankle shattered by a s])linter; no
lameness resulted froui the latter casualty.

On :\ray (>, 181.3, Lieut. Col. Davis was
transferred to the Forty-fourth Infantry, and
was afterwards promoted to the colonelcy of
the same regiment, and ]ilace(l in command
of the fortifications at Sandy Hook, defending
the entrance of ^STew York harbor. In 1814,
he sat as one of the judges in tlie court-mar-
tial in the celebrated trial of Ceu. Hull fdV
hi< unfortunate surrender of Dcli'oit, in 1812.
This service rendered, he was at once ordi-retl
to rejoin hisrcgiuient and to set out immediate-
ly for Xew Orleans. 'J'lie route, asfarasWluel-
ing, Va., was traversed on foot, the regiment
halting for a night at AVilmington, and eu-
cauiiiing about a mile west of the city, on the

l)roperty of ^\'illiam Wanier. l''r(.im Wheel-
ing, the force was transjtortcd in boats, by way
of the Ohio and Mis.sissippi rivers, to the place
of their destination, but ilid not ariive until
after the battle of Xew Orleans had been
fought, danuai-y S, IS IT). Col. Davis was
then iilaced in command of Fort Philii)-, below
Xew Orlean-^, whither he rcjiaired with his
ri'giinent.

Soon after the close of the war, Col. Davis
jiurehased l)elamore Place, the late residence
of Hon. Thomas F. I'.ayard. This ]H-o])erIy
liad lieeu tlie ealiipiug-gfouiid (jf the regiiueuf,
liefoi'c it \va^ orderi'd to the south, and the
beauty of the site had inspired the colonid
with the <le>irc to jiossess it as a home. A
dwelling had been erected upon the land dur-
his stay in the .south. Col. Davis called his
new acquisition Delamore Place, and here he
continued to reside during the summers until
the year 1830, sjiending his wintei-s on his
Louisiana jilantation. About 1830, he took
np his abode in Philadelphia, where he soon
bei-ame active and prominent in jniblic affairs.
He re]n-esented the city in the Pennsylvania
legislature, sessions of 1831-'32, '32-'33; was a
candidate for the national legislature in 183-1,
but was defeated. In the state of Delaware,
to which he returned shortly after the death
of his first ^\^fe, Col. Davis never held any
public office, but was nevertheless warmly in-
teresten and influential in all cun-ent ques-
tions and matters of imjiortance to the com-
monwealth, iris valmdile services to the state
and to the eotmtry wei-e always held in grate-
ful remembrance. In 1837, he was presented
by the state of Delaware \vith a gold sword;
and Lewistown never failed to testify to her
appreciation of his valor in her defence by
greeting him, on his visits to the town, -with
a salute of cannon. His political oniuions
wei-e those of General .Tackson, ami, like that
heroic and intrepid leader, he wa.s character-
ized by an unswerving devotion to the T^uion.
Of commanding height, of graceful military
bearing, possessing a manner at once dignified
ami engaging, the personality <if Col. Travis
\\as most attractive. Ilis varied experiences
condiined ^\•ith his rare intellectual' powers
and fine memory, eidianced the channs of his
coinersatiou: and those who shared the gene-
rous lios]iitalities of Delamore I'lace, among
whom were many ]ierson-; of distinction from
other eouiitii-, i'oUtid tliemsel\-es the rieher by
many pleasant recollections.

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STATE OF DHLMVMIV:

303

The children of Col. Samuel Eoyer Davis,
Ity Ills iiiiiiTiage with Ko.se ilc Hoisfontaine,
wcri': I. Horatio, captain in ilio 'I'liirty-secoiul
U. S. Inl'aiitry, afterwards hriiiadicr-gcncTal
of ]>oui.siaiia troops during the .Mexicau war,
married Kaouii du Eourg, niece of the Right
]\everond du Bourg, Koman (Jatholie bishop
of Louisiana, died in Xew Orleans in Xovem-
l.er, ]S,',T; 11. Oscar, lieutenant U. S. Xavy,
died in 1S4(); 111. Alonzo JJertrand, bom in
IfilO, died in Wilmington, in September,
1854, was a lieutenant in the U. S. Xavy, was
married in 1S43 to Lydia, daughter of IJcv.
Andrew Prestman, a clergyman of the ]'lpi>co-
jial church. The second wife of C(d. Davis,
to whom he was marrii'd in Wilmington, in
1S;37, was Sarah, daughter of Edward P. and
Jeannette (,Moore) Jones; her father was a
]\raster in the U. S. Xavy. Their children
are as follows: I. Delaware, born near \\'il-
mington, October 17, 1837, inherited Dcla-
niiire Place from his father, but now resides al
llaymarket, Prince AVilliani county, Va.,)nar-
ric<! Annie, daughter of Edward Wanier, for-
merly (if Paltimore, Jld., and Mary (Pierry-
hill) Warner, of Xashville, Tenn., has child-
ren, i. Planche, who married William W. Onr-
rie, formerly of Canada, ii. Edward AVanier,

born .\pril -, 18(54, nuirried Afiss Ash-

bimier, iii. Sussex D., boni October ,

1871, iv. Picttine, born in 1877, v. Sallie, born
in 1S81; ir. Sussex Delaware;

ni. Lieutenant Kent Delaware, born
January 17, 1840, graduate of Priiu'cton
l'ni\cr-it\- in 18(;i^ Sicmid Lieutenant V. S.
^lariuc ('iii-p-, June, 1^(14, married Octoljcr

27, IsiW, to Klise, dauahtcr of Col.

and (Mayhfw) Woodruff, di(>J

Januai'y 1"2, 1805, without i-suc;

I\'. Elizalieth Victoria, lioni August 5,

1844, mai'ried Scpt*nd)er , lS('i.">. to

Charles IL, sou of Wyndham TI. and Sarah
(Ostrandci-) Stokes, and had children, i.
Wyndham IF., born July G, 18GC), graduate of
Lehigli I'nivcrsity and the Uiuvcrsity of Vir-
ginia, was for some years a civil engineer, is
now a mcmlHr of the bar of JlcDowcll county,
AV. \\\., ii. Bettlne, born October, 18<17,
married in Xovember, 1889, to Robert E. Eil-
Avard-, iii. .Maud, born August, 18G8, iv.
Etiiel, born ISd'.t, married Herbert Eairfax
A\'a]lace, has one child, v. Samuel Davis. Imrn
in 187l', a graduate of the University of Wv-
cinia, ineiidier of the bar of Mel )o\vell eouul\ ,

AV. \a. Charles TL Stokes died August 20,
1873. Jli-s. Stokes was again married in Oc-
tober, 187.5, tu llani])den P. .Morris, of
Louisa county, Va.; their children are, i.
Caroline, born 18 — , ii- dame-, lioru is — ,
iii. Sallie, born 18 — , iv. Kent 1)., Innu lS>:i.
.Mrs. ]\rorris died near (iordonville, \'a.,
:March4,18S4;

A'. Harriet Harper, born Xovember, 1848,
married January 21, 1871, to William Pislio])

AlcKean, ca])tain U. S. . ('apt. .MeKeau

was a great-graud~on id' Thomas MeKean,
governor of Pennsylvania, 17'.i'.)-18()8, grand-
s.m of Hon. Joseph P.. .McKeau, Judge of the
Court of Common Pleas of Piiiladelphia, and
sou of Commod.irc William W. Ahdvcan and
Da\is Ko-^e (Clark) MeKi^au, grand-niece of
Col. Sanuiel P. Davis; (':ipt. MeKeau died in
Albeniiarle comity, \'a., in Augu^st, 187'.>, and
wa- interred at Pinghamton, X. Y. .Mrs.
.\lei\ean survives, with one child, Rettine Da-
vis Mcdvcan, bom October, 1871, mar-

,.;,,! R..gers, of Xew Ca-tic, Del.,

has oiu:- chihl.

Colonel Samuel 15oyer Davis died Septem-
ber G, 1854, after a short, illness, and was bur-
ied in Prandywine Cemetery.

The second son of this family, Sussex Dela-
ware Davis, E<q., attended St. Alary's R. C-
College, Wilmiugton, Del., ])reparcd for col-
lege uniler the tuition of William R. .Mc-
.\dam, \. .M.,"of Philadelphia, and entered
Princeton Univer.sity in 1857. After his
graduation, in 1850, he read law in the oftiee
of Hon. Ceorge ^1. Wharton, (jf Philadelphia,
at that time United States District .\ttoruey;
he was admitted to the bar in 18G2. Tn 18 , 2,
;Mr. Davis received from Chief Justice Chase
the aiipoiutment of Picgister in P.aukruptcy.
The uonnnation for State Senator for the Sev-
enth District, on the Reiuddiean ticket, was
ofl'cred to him in 18S2, but was declined. He
has several times been urgently recommended
by mendiers of the bar as a candidate of special
qualiHcations for a .iu.licial position. "Mr. Da-
vis was counsel in Philadelphia for the TTnion
Pacific Railroad, during the presidency of the
late Thomas A. Seott. As R.^gi^ter in Eank-
rujitcy, ^Master, Auditor, and Referee, he has
s.'rved in a numlier (d' very inijiortaut ca.^es,
notablv in the suit in bankrn])tey of tlio
the Pi'auklin Saviniis Fnnd, and as master in
the Conneetiiig Uailroad ease. This case was
a eoutroversv bdweeii the l^'hiladeliJiia and

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304

BIOGRAFJIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Efiidiiig and the rtunsylvaiiiii railruads cou-
corning the right of the latter to run i)adsenger
and freight trains over a portion of tiie eou-
ncetiiig raih-oad, ehiinied by the 1'. 11. K. as ltd
cxchi.-ive property. ^Ir. Uavis was also mas-
ter in the foreelosnre suitd brought against
the Ihiffalo, New York and Philadelphia 11.
,11, involving over $;]0,000,OOU. .Mr. Davis is
a member of the liittenhouse Club, and has
for years been a member of its Hoard of gov-
ernors; was one of the founders of the Junior
Legal Club, formed in 1871, now known as
the Legal ('hib, and has been since its forma-
tion a member of its executive committee; is
Chairman of the Executive Conimitt<.'e of the
Century Club, and is also a member of the
Tenn Club. He holds membership with the
Sons of Delaware, and in the Pennsylvania
Historical Society. His political views are
IJepublican.

Sussex Delaware Davis was married, Feb-
ruary 12, 1874, at St. James P. E. Church,
Philadelphia, by Pev. Henry :\I(U-tou, D. D.,
Rector, to ^lary Fkeming, eldest daughter of
Robert Harford and (Caroline (Fleeming)
Hare, of Philadelphia. Their children are:
I. Samuel P)oyer, born March !t, 1875, a grad-
uate of Princeton Univei-sity, and a student at
law of Harvard University; II. Caroline
Hare, born July 20, 187G; III. Robert Hare,
born August 16, 1877, a graduate of Prince-
ton Fniversity; IV. Sussex D., Jr., died in in-
fancy. !Mr. Davis is a vestryman of St. Luke's
Protestant Episcopal Church ui Philadelphia.
^lary Fleeming (Hare) Davis is a descend-
ant fif Robert Hare, son of Richard and Mar-
tha Hare, of Limehouse, near London; said
Robert came to Philadelphia in 1783, married
177") ^largaret Willing, daughter of ( 'harles
and Anne Shippen Willing. Charles Willing
was one of the leading merehant.s of Philadel-
phia of that day and was th(> son of Tlmmas
Willing, of Bristfd, England, whose wife,
Anne Harrison, was the granddaughter on
her jiaternal side of !Major Ceneral 'i'homas
Hariison, and on her matennil side of Simon
Elaine, both members of the Court which con-
demned Charles the First, ^lary Fleeming
Hare Davis was the daughter of Robert Har-
ford Hare and Caroline Fleeming Hare. For
extended ]iedigree of Hare and Fleeming an-
cestry see Provincial Couneilloi-s of Pennsyl-
vania, by Charles P. Keith, Philadelphia,
1883, to be fouml in Penn^vlvaui:i ili^orical

Library, at Philadelphia. On her mother's
siile -Miu-y Fleeming JLire Davis was descend-
ed from Joseph Roleh of Salisbury, England,
who died in New Redford, Mass., 1784. His
grand.-.on William liolrh, ;,ou of I'homas
Kotch, mari'ied on July 17th, J 782, at Leices-
ter, I'llizabeth Rodman, hfth in descent from
.lohn Koi^lman of New Ross, Ireland, banished
in 1G55 to the liarbadocs for being a (Quaker.
For extended pedigree of Rodman and Rotcli
families see (Jenealogy of the Rodman Fam-
ily, by Charles Henry Jones, Esip, 1S8G, in
Historical Society of Pennsylvania, at Phila-
deli)hia.

(;E0RGE DAVIS ATKINS, Philadeb
pliia. Pa., son of William Ivendal and Eliza-
beth (Voss) Atkins, was born in Milford, Kent
county, Del., December 2, 1850.

-Mr. Atkins' father, William K. Atkins,
house eari)enter, was born in !Milton, Sussex
county, Del. He wa.s a skilful mechanic and
worked at his trade in ililton, Del., and in
Philadelphia, Pa., where he spent the latter
part of his life. The children of William
Kendal Atkins bv his hrst marriage are: I.
Sai-ah J. (Mrs. C'odfrey Seeler) of Philadeb
jJiia, Pa., has eight children, i. .Mary, ii. Ida,
iii. Annie (Mrs^ Ellis Kerby), iv. Godfrey,
Jr., V. Frank, vi. Kate, vii. Florence, viii.
Elizabeth; II. Annie (]\Irs. John Ililes), of
Philauelphia, has one daughter, Elizabeth.
Mr. Atkins' secoiul wife was Elizabeth ^'os3.
Their children are: L Cynthia (Mrs. Alexis
:\I.Tritt), of Philadelphia, has three children,
i. Frederick, ii. Clara (Mrs. William E.
(iatmt), iii. Ceorge, all residing in Philadeb
jJiia; IL (icorge Davis; III. William J., of
Dover, Del., married Catherine Tucker, has
one child, AVilliam J., Jr.; IV. Jolni W., mar-
ried Jemiie Clegg, ha< two clilldrcn, i. Ed-
ward, ii. Ressie. Mr. M'illiam I\. Atkins died
at his homo in Philadelphia, in 188:]; his
widow died in the same city, in 1885.

George Davis Atkins was six years old when
his parents removed to Canterbury, Kent
county, Del. He attended the ])ublic schools
of that district until he reached his fourteenth
vear, when his family removed to New
Castle comity, Del. For tliree yeai-s he stud-
ied in the schools of New Castle county, and
completed his course in the piddic, .schools of
Rucks county. Pa., whither his parents remov-
ed in 1807.' In 1808 the family returneil to

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I .'.;!

STATE OF DELAWARE

r!05

Delaware, and settled in AVyoming, I'Ceut
county. Two years afterwards, George At-
kins sought eniploynient in New Castle
county, I)el., and in ISTl removed X^i I'liiia-
deJiiliia, I'a., where he became a s'killcxl ma-
chinist. I'or a number of years ^Mr. Atkins
was in charge of the puljlic buildings in IMiila-
delphia. For eleven ycai-s he has been chief
engineer and superintendent of Brown Broth-
el's it Co.'s building, discharging the duties
devolving upon him promptly and eiliciently.
He is a Bepublican, interested in political af-
fairs. -Mr. Atkins is a member of IJeliance
Lodge, No. 1-19, A. O. U. AV.

George Davis Atkins was man-ied in Phil-
adelphia, January 7, lS7-i, to Caroline, daugh-
ter uf John and Rebecca Bradford, of New
Castle county, Del., where ]\Irs. Atkins was
born, July 8, 1852. Their children are: 1.
AVilliam K., born December 15, 1874, died at
the age of eight years; II. George D., Jr., born
Deeend)er 27, 1877; III. Elsie Gordon, born
July 22, 188(5. Mr. Atkins, his wife and fam-
ily, arc inend)ers of the M. E. church at the
corner of Eighteenth and Wharton streets. He
is an active and energetic worker in the
church, a member of the board of trustees and
superintendent of the Sunday school.

LEWIS E. B. CLAWSON, Philadelphia,
Pa., son of Dr. James E. and Mary E. (Lyne)
Clawson, was bom in Smyrna, Kent county,
Del., August 11, 1858.

Jacob Clawson, great-grandfather of James
E. ('lawsdu, and founder of tiie American
branch of the CUawson family, was one of the
early settlers of Delaware. Authentic family
records have not been preserved, but it is sup-
posed that he was born in Holland. Jacob
Clawson settled in New Castle county, Del.,
but afterwards removed to Cecil county, ^Id.
Towards the latter part of his life he returned
to New Castle county, where he became prom-
inent in the affairs of the county, and was
higlily esteemed and respected. ]\Ir. Clawson
finally returned to Holland.

Emory Clawson, gi-andfather of Lewis F.
B. Clawson, was born in Caroline I'ounty,
]\fd., iji 1802. His life was devoted to hus-
bandry and was spent in his native county.
Emory Clawson was married to Nancy,
daughter of James and Ann Starr, both na-
tives of ^faryland. The diildren of E.mory
and Nancy (Starr) Clawson are: I. Sarah A.,

widow of Jonathan Scotton, residing in Queen
Anne county, J^Id. ; II. James E. Emory
Clawson died at his home in Caroline county,
Md., in September, 1828, aged twenty-six.

James E. Clawson, ,M. D., father of Lewis
E. 15. (.'lawson, was born in Caroline county,
Md., October 21, 1828. He attended the
public schools of Queen Anne county, Md.,
and completed his scholastic course at Dick-
inson College, Carlisle, Pa., graduating in
ISdL). James E. Clawson matriculated at the
Eniversity of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., gra-
duating as physician and surgeon in the
class of 1855, and at once opened an office in
15altimore, ]\Id. In 1857, Dr. Clawson re-
moved to Smyrna, Del., and practiced there
successfully until 1870, when he removed to
his ])re-ent home in Philadelphia, Pa. He is
still active in the beneticent profession to
wliich he has devoted his life. Dr. Clawson
is highly esteemed in professional circles; he
is a member of the State ^Medical Society, of
which he has been president.

James E. Clawson, ~SL D., was married in
Carlisle, Pa., September 17, 1855, to Mary
E., daughter of John P. and Susan Lyne.
Their children are: I. Lewis E. B. ; II.
Aquilla S.; III. John Lyne; IV. Annie C.
(Mrs. William Keen), of Philadelphia, Pa.;
V. :Mary W. (ilrs. All>ert L. Poop), of Up-
land, Pa. Dr. Clawson and his wife are mem-
bei-s of Grace M. E. church.

Lewis E. B. Clawson was educated at Smyr-
na Academy.- In 1875 IMr. (Hawson secured
a position in Philadelphia, with the Eagle
Spice Company; the company being disband-
ed in 1880, iir. Clawson succeeded to the
business. In 1881 he admittwl his brother,
John L. Clawson, to a partnership, which
lasted until 1885, when the ])resent company
was formed. 'Mr. Lewis E. B. Clawson is an
energetic, efficient nu'rchant, vice-president
of the Clawson Comjiany, \yell-known and re-
spei-ted by his fellow-citizens. He is intere,st-
(■<! in politics and is a mendjer of the Pepubli-
cau ]iarty.

Lewis F. B. Clawson was manned in Phila-
delphia, Pa., :\lay 17, 1888, to Cornelia,
daughter of James and Elizabeth Whitaker,
(jf Philadelphia. Their children are: I.
James; II. Lewis Ercderick; III. Edith Fos-
ter; IV. Albert Edward; V. William. Mv.
Clawson and his wife are consistent members
of St. Paul's P. E. chm-ch at Overbrook. IMr.

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306

BIOGUAFHWAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Olawson was one of the founders of tins
olmreh and lias been actively cnoao-eJ in the
work of the cliuivh and Sunday school, of
which he is sujiciintcndcnt.

'I'he Wiiitakcr fauiily settled in I'cnn.syl-
vania in ISli'. They intnjdiiccd the weaving
(if cotton chiths, and tiiiis liccanic promi-
nently identified with the business interests of
Pennsylvania. This business is still carried
on at Cedar Grove, near Piiihuli'lphia, I'a.

tend the church of the Holy Communion
(Lutheran) of which Mr. Clawson is a devout
member.

JOII^TLYXE f'T-AAVSO.V, rhila<lcliiliia,
Pa., third son of Dr. James !■!. and .Mary V..
(Lyne) Clawson, was born in Smyrna, Del.,
Xovember 4, 1SG2.

John L. Clawson's educational advantages
were obtained in a ))rivate academy in
Smyrna, Del. In 1S7G .Mr. Clawson removed
to Philadelphia, I'a., whete he filled a position
with the Eradstreet Commercial Agency. In
ISSl he resigned his position, and forming a
partnership with his brother, Lewis F. B.
Clawson, began business under the firm name
of Clawson Brothers, nunuifacturei-s and deal-
ers in spices and grocers' supplies. The part-
nership lasted until July 1, Ib.'SS, when an in-
corporated association called the (Jlawsou
Comjiany was formed. The officers of the
company are: •president, John L. Clawson;
rice-president, Lewis V. B. Clawson; secretary
and treasurer, J. Harvey Bai-udt. The com-
])any does an extensive business as importers,
exporters, and manufacturers of spices, vanilla
beans, ilavoring e.xtracts anil grocers' sundries.
jMr. Clawson is an intelligent, progressive busi-
ness man; he has been prominently identified
with the street railway interests of Philadel-
phia, and iu 1894: was elected one of the board
of directors of the Electric Traction Company.
He is actively interested in all that concerns
the welfare of the city, and is a member of the
Citizens' ^lunicipal Association, the Trades
League, and the Sons of Delaware, of Phila-
delphia. ]\Ir. Clawson is a Ju'publican.

John Lyne Clawson was married in Phila-
delphia, iM^ovember 2G, ISS'J, to Adele A.,
only daughter of William and ^largarct
Eisenbrey, a native of Philadelphia. Her
parents, wdio are dead, were by birth Pennsyl-
vanians. John and Ada (Eisenbrey) Clawson
have one child, ^largaret Eisenbrey, bom
July 15, 18'Jl. ;\Ir. Clawson and his wife at-

^VILLIA^^ fkedkihck wkllku,

Wilmington, Del., son of John and Mary
(Afeyers) A\'cller, was born in Wilmington,
Del., Xovcmbci' 7, ISTiT. His father, J(jhn
^\^dler, was a native of Cermany and is now
deceased. .Mrs. John Weljer is a I'hiladel-
]il]ian b}' birth, and resides in Wilmington,
1 )elaware.

.\fter receiving his education in the public
schools <d' Wilmington, William F. Weller
became a macliini-t a]i]irenlice with the Pnsey
iV .lones ( 'o. This trade he abandoned to
learn the hakery busine-s, to whicdi he gave
his attention for four or five years. During
the ensuing six years, .\rr. AVeller was sale-i-
man in a merchant tailoring and I'etail cloth-
ing establishment. In September, IsST, he
liegan business as mcrcdiant tailor, with \i. T.
Connellv, under the firm name of Connelly it
Weller.' In March, ISOS, Mr. Connelly re-
tired, and since that time .Mr. W^eller has car-
riO(l on the business in his own interest at 722
.Market street. .Mr. \\\-llcr is a nunnber of
Kureka Lodge No. 2:i, V. and A. AL; Delta
Cha])ter Xo. G, Jl. A. M. ; St. John's C,,m-
mandery Xo. 1, Knights Templar; Lu Lu
Temiile^V. A. O. N. if. S. Oasis of Philadeb
phia; Eden Lodge Xo. 34, and Christine En-
campment I. (). O. E. ; Clayton Lodge Xo. -i,
K. of P.; Wibuingtoii Lodge X^o. 1, A. O. U.
W.; l)lue liock Council, Iioyal -Vrcanum.
!Mr. Weller is liberal in his political views.

W^illiam E. W\dler was married at Wayne,
Pa., January l;3, 1804, to Lilian E. TTn'der-
wood, of Wilmington, Del. Mr. and ilrs.
Weller are nuanbcrs of the Presbyterian
church.

WMLSOX :\r. PPaTTZ:\rAXT, AVilmingtou,
Del., son of Abner D. and Sarah (^[cinder)
Pnitzman, was born in Berk^ county, Penna.,
May31,lSG4.

His ancestors ciune to this country from
Cicrnuiny and heliied nmke np that sturdy
population which has pushed Berks county to
the front auKnig the rich and substantial com-
mninties of Pennsjdvania. llis father was a
locomotive engineer on the "Wilmington and
Xorthern railroad. Both his father and
mother are dead.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

307

Wilson ]\r. Prutzman was an only cliikl.
He i-L'CL'ivt'cl a good public school oilucation in
Ivcadiiig, Pa., and at tJiu Normal Scliool,
]vutzto\vn, Pa. He inherited I'roni liis father
a love uf mechanics and machinery, and when
he was hfteen years of age was apprenticed at
steam boiler making. Three and one-half
years later he entered the wheel and machine
shop of jthc Philadelphia and Heading Jv. li.,
and was employed_ tliere eighteen months.
Then he secured a position on the P. A: li. II.
li. and eighteen mouths later went to the \\'il-
miugton ik Korthern JIailroad as tiremau. A
year afterwards, in 18f<t), he was promoted to
the po?ition of engineer, and has been cuntin-
noush' engaged in that capacity ever since, lie
is a nu'mber of the Brotherhood of i.oconirj-
tive ]''ngineers, the Sons of America, the
]Cnights of St. John and the Knights of .Malta.
IFc purchased his handsome home in IS'Ji.

AVil-iin ^I. I'rutzman niaiTied, Angnist 10,
ISM), Kmma, daugliter of Daviil ajid Elmin.i
(l>cst) (Iri'ciiawald, of Reading. He i< a
member (if St. Stt'phcu's Lutheran church;
]\I)"s. Prutzmau is a mendii'r of St. Sti'phcu's
Peformed church.

HENRY ELMER SHERWOOD, X...
813 Washington St., AVilmington, i)r|., son
of "William Wesley and I'aroline ((iritfiu)
Sherwood, M-as born at Sinvrna, Hel., _\[arch
4, 1SG3.

His jiarents were natives of Delaware. His
father was a jiainter and died in Wilmington,
^[ay 10, 1877. His mother resides on a farm
Ilea]- A\'ilmington.

After attending scliool for sonu; years,
H( ury ]•]. Sherwood went upon the P. W. &
l!. li. i;., at the age of fourteen, as newsboy.
Peiug an intelligent lad, his experience in that
line of business taught him many vahuible
lessons, and partly supplied his previous lack
of advantages. Four ycai-s later he secured a
]iosition as tirennm on the road and on Dc-
cendicr 20, ISSG, was promoted to engineer.
Ho is now engineer on local passenger trains
between Philadelphia and Wilmington. ^Ir.
Sherwood is a member of the Prothci'hood of
Locduiolive Ljigincers, and of the A. O. IT. W.

On Jaiiuarv'ir), ISSO, Henry Elmer Sher-
w.Mid \v;i,s married to Laura Virginia, dangh-
ttr ..f Prv. William J. Potter. Their childr-n
ai-e: 1. l!cnr\- h^lmer fi'); H. Llewellyn Lee;
1 If. La\ inia ^ifav.

ERASMUS PURTOxX WAPLES, A. M.,
principal of liittenhouse Academy, Philadel-
phia, Pa., is a son of William D. and Mary
C (Widterj Waples, and was born in Indian
River hundred, near Millsboro, Sussex eoun-

ty, Del. ^ .

'The Waples family has had its Ikiuio upon
the soil of JJelawarc since the ilate of the set-
tlement by William I'cun. A partial account
of its genealogy concludes this sketch.

Huring liis boyhood, which was spent in
Indian River hundred and in Paltimore hun-
dred, Sussex count}', Del., JM-a=mus li.
Wai>lc3 attended the pidjlic schools. He s\dj-
tcnuently received instructions in a jirivate
school in Earmington, Kent county, Del., and
prepared for college at the Collegiate Institute
of Alillord, Del. In 1«73 .Mr. Waples bi-
eanie a student at Amherst College, ^Vudierst,
Mass., and was gTadiuited from that time-
honored institution in 1S77. Eor three years
after completing his ciuirsc, he taught in the
])idilic S(diools (if Miiryhiud, one year at Eed-
eralsburg, and twn yr-Av- aiT-llkliui. In IS^o,
ill coiinccfidu with \)r I Iciiiic\ i He K. I>nd-
wig, A. M., he tuck clKiigc (if th(> Ritten-
hdU.-e A(ademy, I'liihujclphia, and has ever
since occupied the -.iiiic hduorable and useful
])ositi(iii. The rcpiitatiiiu of Riltenliouse
Academy is second In that of no similar insti-
tution in the city. Mv. Waples is a sclnjhirly
gtntleman and a successful t(-acber. He is a
member of the Suns of Delaware. ^[r.
Waples is a deacon of the Second Presby-
terian church, Philadelphia, and was for sev-
eral years su]KTiutcndent of the Suuday-
scliool connected with that congregation.

William Dcricksun Wa])les, fouilh child
of ]\Lajor Isaac and Ruth (Nichols) Waples,
was born in Indian River hundred, Sussex
county, Del., and jiassed his entire life in the
same county, actively and nsefidly occ\i]iied
with agricultural ]nirsuits and mercantile en-
terprises. He did nut neglect the interests of
his native state, but became influential in
public affairs, and served in the Delaware
le'jislature. Tie was a Presbyterian. In ]v:)li-
tics he was a Whit; until the breaking u)i of
that iKirty, when ho became a Democrat.

William D. Wai>les' first wife was Jane
^[(•Cray; no i«<ue lix-ina' fivmi tin's marriage.
His sf.,.ond wife was ^farv r;,i(h'.iii Walter,
dauiiliter of Ebe Walter, of nalliiimre linn-
dred, Sussex county. Del., and their children

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308

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

are as follows: I. CathariiK', bcmi 164;J, iliuj
lbb3, who was the wife of Dr. A. 21. Day, of
Fanuingtou, Del., aud left two ehiklreii, i.
Dr. William W., of Faniiiiigtuii, ii. Clara
(.Mr.-<. Willie ]•:. Tiall), of \ViiL-,tori, N. ('.;
11. William Alexaiuh'r, tlec<'aseil ; 111. Kmh
Jane, deceased; IX. ]\Iary Iv, deceased; \'.
Erasmus V>.; VI. linfus K., of Fanniiiiitoii,
married Jennie P. Ewing, Daltiniore, ,Md.,
and has one son, AVilliam E. ; \'I[. Ehe \\ .,
born 1S57, died 181)5, who was a merchant
in I'armington, and clerk of the House during
the session of the Delaware Legislature (;f
1SS3; YIII. Martha Elizabeth, born ISGl,
died 1SS7, was the wife of Dr. J. IJ. If.
Powell, of Kansas City, and left two chililreii,
i. Harold A., ii. Kate D. William Derickson
Waples died July 17, 1803, in Ealtimore hun-
dred; his wife died at Farmington, Aug\ist 3,
1S94, and the remains of both are interred in
the cemetery at Harrington,. IV-Tawarc.

Rufus Waples was born at .Millsborough,
Sussex county, Del, in lSj?5, .^on of Pobert
AVaples aud jMary H. Harris. [For their i)ar-
cntage, their other children, etc., see the
AVaplcs Geuealogy.] He W()rke<l im liis
father's farm, when not at schoid, till of age.
Then he taught in Georgetown and became
co-principal of the Academy there. Going to
Xew Orleans in 1S49, he became priucijial of
the Lafayette High School there. In 1852,
he was graduated from the University of
Louisiana, Law Department. He jiracticed
first with his brother, Stephei. H. AVaples, sub-
sequently in the firm of Waples & Eustis —
the latter. Ambassador to France. This firm
continned for some years. When the war be-
gan, Air. AVaples returned to Delawaiv and
was admitted to the bar there, also in Philadel-
phia,^ but ])racticed in neither place. He went
to "Washington, was admitted to the bar of the
Su])renie Court of the United States, and was
emi)loyed in the civil service of the govern-
ment till 1863, when he was appointetl U. S.
Attorney for the Eastern District of Louisiana
by President Lincoln.

Peturning to New Orleans, by sea, in Alay
of that year, he entered upon the dutie,s of the
office. The business was unprecedcntediv
large, necessitating the sitting of the federal
courts continuously, without even summer
vacation, for the first two years. There were
pnibably more prize cases than elsewhere, un-
ions N'ew York exceeded; yet these comprised

much less than half of the litigation. Alore
than nine-tenths of the government eases were
gained by Air. Waples, without associate Coun-
sel, though some suits were not contested. His
fees greatly exceeded the maximum fixed by
law, at the semi-annual settlement.s; at llic end
of one-half year he paid $21,0(JU into tlio
Treasury, as surplus fees. This is believed to
be unprecedented in the history of the coun-
try.

After the war, Mr. AV^aples was special at-
torney for Xew Orleans, for two yea:-s; was in
private practice several years; was a member
eif the Constitutional Convention of 1868; he
was also a member of the Board of Public
School Directiii-s, of the Academy of Sciences,
and (ithcr organizations, before and after the
war.

In 1858, he married, in Texas, Alargaret J.
Alsworth, (daughter of A. G. Alsworth and
Hester AV. Copes,) who bore him seven chil-
dren, as follows: 1. Pufus, Jr., b. 1859, now
re|)resenting Selignian & Co., baukei-s, in
Philadelphia; 2. Grafton, b. 1862, dniggist at
Houston, Tex.; 3. Pobert Hall, b. 1864, d.
1871; 4. Belmont, b. 1866, jn-acticing law at
Ironwood, Alich.; 5. Frank Alsworth, b. 1871,
late medical missionary in China, now practic-
ing medicine in Battle Creek; 6. Alargaret
Evelyn; 7. Edward Harris, editor and proprie-
tor of a peri(xlical ])ublished at Ann .Vi-bor,
Alich. [Fiir marriages, etc., see th(; AVaples
Genealogy.] All the children have
been educated in the University of Alichigan,
for which pur]wse Air. AVaples removed, with
his family, to Ann Arbor, in 1878. Since his
arrival tlicre he has devoted himself mainly
to authorship, and has written five successful
law l)Ooks, besides much other legal and liter-
ary matter. He has been the recipient of sev-
eral honors, among them the degree of LL. D.
His life abounds in interesting events, for
which our space is too limited, even were he
to consent to their narration.

Gexkai.ogv ^)V TUK W.\rr,KS Family.
(By Pufus AVaples, of Ann Arbor, Alich.)
The name is from a manor in Norfolk, Eng-
land, called AValpol or Walple. The first of ^
the name known was Sir Pegimald Dc Walpol,
at the time of the Conquest. His descendants
have been traced thnmgh bis great-grandson,
Sir Henry, (1216) down to Sir Pobert, Arith

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STATE OF DKLAWAUE

509

various spellings.* The identity of \\';i1ikj1,
"Waple and Walpole has beuu fully denmu-
stratcd.t One branch of the family treated
the / of the first syllable as silent (as in
^Valkcr) antl tinally droj)ped it. The addi-
tional s was added in the seventeenth century.
The J)(' was drcipped in the fourtecntli.

Poter Waples, in 1G02-3-4, bought tracts of
land on botii sides of Indian Tiivcr, Sussex Co.,
and the earliest kno^\^l of him there is by the
dates of the deeds. He had two sons: AVil-
liam, who inherited the lands on the north
side of the river, and Paul, Avho succeeded to
tliose on the south side. Peter lived at AVar-
wick, where he established a ferry, under
grant of the Dutch government at Xew York,
in 1092. In 1712 he marked a cane with his
name and the date, of which Dr. IMai'shall H.
"Waples, of Dulnique, la., is now the custodian.

Descendants

OF WlLT.IAir,

Peter, 1st.

FiKST Son- ov

\\'illiaiu lirst married by whom

he hail -Mary, wiio mamed ■ Derickson;

and Klizal)eth, who married Carey. He

had sons, named in order in his will, as fol-
lows: Peter, (2), Paul, Thomas, Miu'ton. lie
next married ]\Irs. ilargaret Newbold, (pre-
viously Avidow of John Holmes) bv whom lie
had William (2).

Line of Peter Waples 2.

Peter (2) first married . Tiieir chil-
dren were: I. William(3); II. John; 1 1 I.Benja-
min; IV. Joseph; V. oSTaney. He married sec-
ondly Margaret Powe. Their children were:
YI. Arargaret; VII. Littleton; VIII. Jlary;
IX. Jane; X. Elizabeth; XL Peter (3).

I. William (3) married Jump {?),

and thev had AVilliam B., 1772, Polly, 1776,
Derickson, 1778, Peter (4), 1782. I. William
B. d. 1812, without issue; 2. Polly, m. Nehe-
miah Dorman, 1797 and left descendants; 3.
Derickson, not traced later than 1812 and left
no issue (?); i- Peter (4), who lived in Peho-
both and was long an elder in the Presbyte-
rian eluu'ch, married • , and their

•Collins, inhis Peerage of Enghiiid. Vol. I. p 631,
writes most of the prog-enitofs (if thu Kail of Oxford
without the final e. In Burke's Ej:ti>i<-t Pccraijea the
e is mostly used.

t In the report of the Royal Society of Anti-
quaries, 18(10, it is shown that Wat)lc and W:ilp(ilo
Were \ised interchaneeahly and ap|ilii'd to tin- -amo
persons as late as 16'J0, lUllO. IGLT) and lOJl.

ciiildrcn were, i. Tiiomas, b. , d. 1850,

ii. James (L, b. 18U7, d. 1892, iii. :Mary, b.

, d- , iv. William Derickson, d.

1813, d. 1883, V. Peter (5), wlio lived in Du-
buque, Ta., b. 1814, d. 1870, vi. Robert C, b.

, ^1- , vii. Ann, viii. Plizabeth, ix.

Sarah, and x. J5enjamiu. Peter (4), by his

secund wife, Killum, had xi. Marga-

retta, xii. Cornelius ]\L, and xiii. Joanna.

1. Thomas m. Lydia and they had a

son Peter, whose (diildren were, i. George B.,
ii. Peter C, iii. Lydia Ann, iv. Eunice T., v.
^lartha J., and vi. Sarah Louisa; *

2. James G., m. widow Sally Dutton, nee
]\fcllvaiue, and their ciiildren were, i. a boy,
wlio died young, ii. :Mary, iii. Anna, who m!
Pev. Caleb Podney, iv. Harriet, who m. Ed-
\\ard Burton, and has a son, A\'aples Burton;

3. Mary, m. Thomas Wilson, and their
daughter :\Iary m. TIk.s. Futcher;

4. William D., m. Elizabeth TJurton, daugh-
ter of Dr. Pubert Burton, an.l they had i.
A\'illiam, wlio died a child, and ii. Eugenia,
who m. Dr. Davitl Hall, and left a son, Ih- w'
D. W. Hall; ■ ■

5. Peter (5), m. Burton, and their

chil.lren are, i. , ,,1. P. A. Babbage, ii.

Julia, m. C. J. Rogers, and iii. Dr. ilarshall

H., who m. and had daughters 1,

Laura and 2, Marcia;

0. Robert C, m. — and had i.

James, u. Peter and iii. Mary, who m. Wil-
liam Harjier;

7. Ann, m. George Bell, next m. Zadok
ililby and had a son, William;

8. Elizabeth, m. Isaac W. Mariner, and sec-
ondly Christie. Issue not rejxirted;

9. Mary, m. Thos. Wilson and had Mary
who m. Frank Futcher;

10. Sarah, m. Woodman Stockley and they
had issue, not reported;

11. Benjamin O., m. Matilda Lingo; sec-
ondly, m. and had i. Kate, who m.

Aaron ^llarshall, and ii. Olive who m. N" B
Davis.

II. John's family not known.

III. Benjamin, m. Comfort AYest, (1778);

next, Elizabeth ; last, Elizabeth Pret-

tynian. His children were, i. Benjamin, b.
1792, ii. Burton, b. 1795, iii and iv. Polly 'and
Patience, twins, b. 1798, v. Elizabeth (?) wli&
m. Eli Carey.

IV. Cajit. Josepli AVaples m. Hester White
in 1775, (who d. 1793) and their children

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310

BIOGRA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

WLTc, i. IsiuK', ii. Polly, iii. Lctty, iv. .losi.'j)|],
V. John, vi. C()riu'liu>, vii. Kobert, viii. .loliii.
Scrdiidly he in. Widow Keiili I'l'uttynian, nee
Ciinntm, in 17il4, (wlio d. J 800) and iiad ix.
IK'>lrr Whitu; thirdly lie m. the widow (jf
Thus. Wajdi's, -1, wh.i had been widow ilary
l!iiil(in, )tec J.amb, and they had a daughter, x.
J'dizii. i. Isaac, son of Caj)t. Josejih and Hes-
ter (White) Waples, b. 1777; d. iNo.'i; ni.
Widuw Ituth llndson, nee Nichols, b. 1775,
d. l!s;]2. Their children were (1) Joseph, {'l)
Susan, (3) Lettv, (4) William D., (5) Philip
1).

( IJ Joteph (2) first m. Amelia .-V. Williams,
lb.;)!', and had no i-sue. He next m. .Mary W.
Colbonru, and had William Alexander (b.
1 >:;.')), who m. Harriet E. Harris, 1854:, who
d. l8o7, leavini;' their son Joseph, (3) b. Dee.
3, 1854, and Wni. A., b. June 1807, who d.
in that year. Wm. Alexander Waples, (1st)
next m. Eliza E. IJallard, 1859, and their chil-
dren were Arnold Edward, b. ISGO, d. 1871;
Laura Virginia, b. 1&C2, m. 18'J5 to Samuel
¥. ililes, Baltimore, ]\rd.; William S., b.

1804, m. Eose A. and had Alargaret

Esther, b. 18li3, d. 18i)0; L. Ballard, b. iscc,

ni. . Joseph, of Isaac, died in

Texas, where ho was in oftiee luider the IJe-
piiblic ;

(2) Susan, m. Zadok Hart. Tlieir children:
Buth, Hetty and Isaac ;

(3) Letty ni. Kendall B. Stockley. Their
children : Charles, William, .Margaret,
Emma, Albert, George and Ann. The i>sue
of these not reported. ,

(4) William J)., fii-st married Jane ]\Ic('i'ay
who left no issue. He next married ]Mary (r.
Walter, and their children were as follows:
(1) Catharine Ann, who married Dr. A. il.
Dav, died at Farmington, Del., (2) Clara, wife
of Willis G. Hall, Winston, X. C, (3) Kras-
mns B., tmman-ied, of Philadelphia, (4) Ruf us
K., m. Jennie P. Ewing, of Baltimore, Md.,
and has a son, William, (5) Ebe,diedin 18!t5,
(C) .Elizabeth, m. Dr. Jas. B. Powell, of Kan-
sas C'ify, ^lo., and they had Harold and Kate.

(5) Phili]> D. died a voung man at Yieks-
bnrg, .Miss.

ii. Polly, daughter of Capt. Joseph and Hes-
ter (White) Waples, tiivit m. Jonathan ISell
and had (1) Bobert, (2) <ieorge, who m. .\nu
Waples and had a son Peter, (3) Kaney who
m. John ]yr. Collins and had children: J!ob-
ert P., Snsan, Stephen and .Mary. Polls next

m. IMiilip W. .Mariner, and their diildren
were, (4) Isaac W., who m. Elizabeth AVaples,
and (5) Josei)li W., who m. Sarah Wise, and
their children were, (Ij Gardiner, and (2)

i'llizabetli who m. — lit'ckett;

iii. Letty, daughter of Capt. Joseph and
Hester (Wiiite) Waples, lii-st m. Be v. Joseph
Copes and had one child, Hester, who jii.
-Vllen (i. Alsworth, of .Mi.ss.; and their chil-
dren were, (1) ilargaret, (2) ,Mary, (3) La-
\ inia, (4) Calvin AVashington, (5) Josephann,
(0) James C, (7) John A., (8) Lillian G., (U)
Katy B. and (10) Benjamin C. Of these only
four have issue, viz: (1) .Margaret m. Bufus
Waples. (For their children see post., lUifus
W.);

(2) Calvin Washington m. jSTora Speko
(Houston, Tex.,) and their children: Calvin,
Lillian, AVillett and Harriett M. (3) Lillian
m. B. T. Bell. Their children: Manson,
Allen, ^klargaret, Barclay, Grayson, Hester,
James Hall, Albert, Emily and Calvin.

(4:) Kate B., m. P. IM. Alsworth. Their
children: Minerva and Benjamin D.

iv. Joseph, son of Capt. Joseph and Hester
(White) AVaples, died Anthout issue.

V. John, son of Capt. Joseph and Hester
(A\'hite) AVaples, died in childhood;

vi. Cornelius, son of Capt. Joseph and Hes-
ter (White) Waples, m. Sallie B. Vickers.
Their children were Thonnis, Sharon, Hetty,
Bobert, John, George and Cornelius. He next
m. Jane ilaull. 'J'lieir children were Eliza,
.Mary, Peter, Cornelius, Burton, Josejili,
James, David and Alfred. Of these Sharon,
John, George, Eliza, ilary, Burton, Joseph
and David left issue. Cornelius, of Capt. Jo-
seph, was an elder in the Presbyterian church.
Sharon's children were Sarah, Emma and
Sharon 2. John's children -were Bev. Pobert
Waples, (now of New Jersey), Cornelia, Cor-
nelius (3) and Cora, (icorge's children wee
Alagnus and Erasmus.- Several of these have
issue;

vii. Bobert, son of Caj)!. Joseph and Hester
(White) AVaples, b. 178!), was married (1810)
to .Mary H. Harris. He sei'vcd four yeai-s in
the legislature. His children were (1) Frances,
d. in childho(Hl, (2) Stephen H., b. 1818, d.
1873, was a meudicr of the Xew Orleans bar,
(3) r.saac, d. in ehil.lhood, (4) Robert AVliite,'
d. in youth, (5) Lemuel Wilson, b. 1S23, m.
Mary Short, and their (diildren are (a) Sallie
P.., ('b) P.d.ert Knfiis, and (e) Walter. Lem^

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STATE OF DELAWARE

31i

iiel served in tlie legislature, ((J) Uiifus, b.
18i'5, m. Mary J. Alswortli 1S5«. Their c-liil-
dreii are (a) Kufus, Jr., b. 1859^ in. (Miristiiie
Isliani, anil lias a son, Uoiighis; (1)) (irat'ton,
b. IMJL', ni. Amy 1). Hemes, and their ehil-
dren: ]\Iari;ar(t A. and Samuel II.; (c) Kuli-
crt irall, h. lbU4, d. 1871, (d) Belmont, h.
isiUi, m. Esther Jireau, and they liave a son,
Harold T.; (e) Frank Ajsworth, b. 1M)7, m.
('lira Kigjis, and their children: Donald, de-
ceased, and Dorothy; (f) ^largaret Evelyn;
(g) Edward J I. lioliert Waples' seeond wife
was Malilda ]!urt<in, daughter of lion. Joshua
])\irton, by wlioni tliere was no issue. Kobert
lived, rai-ed hi- family and died on the farm of
whi(di AViiham (1) had tenancy upon his mar-
riage to "Widow Newbold, and may have lived
tliere. Her son AVilliam, (i), inherited it
from her, (his mother), but dying childless, it
fell to the Xewbolds by provision of her will;
C'apt. Jose])h Wajdes bought it of them, and
it is still in the family. It was bought of the
I'enu proprietaries by John Holmes. 'I'iie
ho'.ise is a wnodeii structure, and may be 'HM)
years old, if it was built by Holmes;

viii. John, (2), son of Capt. Josej)!! and
He.-ter ( White) Waples, m. Sally Burton, and
their children were (1) Benjamin F., and ('2)

-Mary. (1) Benjamin F., m. ^Irs. , and

their children: Dr. Joseph J!., Benjamin F.
(2), John, Susan, Charles, Willard and :\rary.
Dr. Jos. B. m. Miss Pepper. Their children
Delenia (who m. Dr. Jas. P. LoHand), Kth.l
and Joseph Benjamin. (2) Alary, m. ('apt.
•las. Atkins, and left issue.

Capt. Joseph "Waples m. secondly widow
Prettyinan, ure Cannon, and their chihl
was ric-ter AVhite, who m. (lilbert T. I'oa!,
and their children were Bev. John W., who
m. ^Faria Smith and their children are Hetty
and Ida; Leah who m. (leorge Howard, and
their children are Clara, Alary, George, Fred-
eric, Kliuda, William and Sallie; ^fary Fdiza-
betli who 111. Benj. Howard, and their chil-
dren are John, Alfred, Benjamin, Alary, Flm-
ma, Clara, Leah, Elizabeth, Erasmus, Kobert
AVajdes, William and Ceorge.

The third wife of Capt. Joseph Wajdes was
Alary, widow of Tlios. Waples ( l' ) nee
Lamb, by wlmm he had Eliza wiio m. Cajit.
John Cade and left issue.

In the Bevdhitidiiary war, Joseph Waples
was captain df militia; in tlie war of 1S12,
Daae was a major and rendered valmible ser-
vice when the Britidi atta(d<cd the town of

Lewes; Corneliu.s, Boliert and .lohn were also
in the army there; JcJni was the strongest man
jihy-ically in tlie whole force, it is said. Capt.
Jo-epli \\'a]>l(s \\as an elder in the Presby-
terian church.

\'. iXancy, daughter of Peter Wa]des (2),
m. Thomas Bartlett, and had a son, James,
\slio left no issnej

\'L .Margaret, daughter of Peter, 2, m.
James t)li\er and their children wi'i'c Charles,
Isaac and James;

VII. Littleton, son of Peter, 2, and :\Iar-
garet (Uowej Waples, died in idiildhood.

VIII. Alary, daughter of Peter, 2, and

Margaret (BoweJ Waples, in. Haz-

zard, and had no issue;

IX. Jane, daughter of Peter, 2, and .Mar-
garet (Howe) Waples, m. Lewis; then,

Hall, and had a son, Purnell, whose

children were Bev. S. B. Hall and Alary. S.
B. II. left several eh.ildreii and has many
grandchildren;

X. Fdizabetli, daughter of Peter, 2, and
Alargaret (Bowe) Waples, iii. Thos. Waples
(2) and their children were, Comfort, who m.
Jacob Hayes and left sons, Thomas and Ja-
cob; Betsey, who m. Brazier and had

a son, John, and perhaps others;

XL Peter, son of Peter, 2, and Alargaret
(Bowe) AVaples, born 17G7, who lived in An-
gola, elder in Indian Biver church, married

Sarah . Their children were, 1.

Dr. Peter, married Catharine Eobinson Har-
ris, 1821, who left a daughter, Sarah, who
died unmarried, 2. Elizabeth Simian, b. 1792,
married James Fossett, 1810, and had issue,
;i. Xancy, b. 1794, m. James Burton 1811 and
had Peter Wapio liiirtoii wlio ill. .Mary Lamb.
X^aney's second husband was Paynter Jeffer-
son, and their daughter, Elizabeth, married
Jones ami had seven children. 4. Payn-
ter, married Comfort Alariner, and they had
Capt. .loseph Waples of Philadelphia and
probably otiier.s, 5. .Mary, who died in 1S2S.

The second wife of Peter, .son of Peter, 2,
Waples, was Lovey Han-is, (m. 1812); the
third was Bhoda Coleman, (m. 182'J), and the
fourth was widow Poo], nee Houston. No is-
sue rc|)orted of the last three wives.

Line of Paul AVai-lks.

He 111. Temperance . Their children:

L Derickson, 11. Paul (2), TIL Nathaniel, IV.
Samuel, V. Betty, \'L Catherine, VII. Pa-

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312

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

I. Derickson in. j\I;uy . Tla-ir

childreu were Nancy and J\Iary. No issue of
tlieiii reixirted; he d. 1775;

II. Paul (2) wlio left no issue;

III. Col. Nathaniel, nicuiber of the legis-
lature in 1782, elder in (!oolspring elnirch,

niamcd Agnes . Their ehilJren

were, 1, ^lary; 2, Penelope, ni. Chas. Vaug-
han; 3, Lewis, who died voung; 4, l>urton; f).
Comfort B., m. Col. William 1). Waples, and
their children are given putit under liis name.
Col. Nathaniel d. 1707;

IV. Samuel, b. 1755, was an offi-
cer in the Ilevolutiqn, fouglit in sev-
eral hard battles, was taken prisoner, escaped
in Quaker garb and went to Valley I'orge to
Washington's headquartei-s. On his discharge,
he went to Virginia, married Ann Custis,
daughter of Thomas Cnstis and Cassa Wise.
Congress voted large tracts of land to him and
Custis for gallantry. President Jetl'crson sign-
ing the patents. The children of Samuel and
Ann were as follows:

1. Colonel AVilliam D., b. 1779, came
to Delaware and first m. his cousin
Comfort B. Waples of Nathaniel, who
bore him two daughtei's: (1) Ann Custis, who
m. Derrick Barnard, and had a son, W. D.
AV. Barnard, wlio m. in St. Louis and had six
children; and (2) Cassa Wise who m. Col. G.
11. Wi-ight, and bore him two children, Custis
AVise Wright, who m. Emma Paynter and left
no issue; and Sallie, who m. John Paynter.
No issue reported. Secondly, Col. AVaples m.
Sophia Dickinson, and their children were,
(1) ilaria Louisa, m. George Greyer, and had
A'^irg-inia, who m. <Tos. S. Benedict and had
six children. (2) Sophia, ra. Benj. Burton
and had no issue. (3) Henry Clay, m. Islarj
Tennant, and their children were, AVm. D.,
John T., Sophia, Sallie who m. AVm. A. Tur-
ner and had children : AVm. AV., Ella and
Frank. Thirdly, Col. AVaples m. Bachel,
daughter of Col. AVm. Hill AVells by whom
there was no issue. Col. AVaples was a mem-
ber of the legislature for many years.

2. Thomas Custis AA'^aples, b. 1782, came to
Delaware and m. Comfort, daughter of Bur-
ton AVaples (2) and had Adeline and Cassa C.
who died unman-ied.

3. Cassa, of Samuel, m. Rev. Stephen AVal-
ford, of Sid., and had three sons and a daugh-
ter. 4. John AVise; 5. Bobinson ; (5. Nathan-
iel, all three dying in infancy. 7. Nathaniel,

b. 1795, m. Lydia Puley of Phila. and had a
daughter who m. George L. Harrison, and left
children: Charles Curtis and others. Nath-
aniel m. secondly, Afaria Momford of N. C,
and thirdly, Susan 1!. Green, having no issue
by either. lie died, 1852, at Newbern,
N. C.

S. Bobinson Custis, b. 1799, came fmm \\\.
to Del. and married Polly, nee Dickinson,
■\ndow of ^lichael Derickson. They had a
son, Thomas Cnstis, who marrie.l and left
children in New Orleans.

Samuel AVaples' second wife was Sabra
Scarborough, widow, nee Townsend, and by
her he had 9. Sarah Temperance who died
unmarried; 10. I'jlward lia-sctt, b. 1^25, m.
Sarah Finney. Their children: (1) Samuel
T., who has children. (2) Edward Bassett,
Jr., who is married. (3) John S., has issue.
(4) Sally F., died in childhood. (5) O. Jen-
nings AVise. (G) Charles S. F. No issue re-
ported of last two.

11. ]\rary Derickson, b. 1827, married Wm.
Bobertson.' Their children: (1) Dr. Edgar
AV. of Va., (2) Henry H. of Md., (3 and 4)
daughters who died young. (5) John, of 15alt.,
Md. No report of their issue. ^lost of Sam-
ncl's second set of children are jirobably in
Accomac Co., A''a., where he lived; he died
there, 1834, aged 79.

12. ]\lartha AVa>hington, twin of Mary,
died unmarried in 18G7.

V. Betty, daughter of Paul (1st of this line)

and I'enijierance AVa]iles, married ■

A^aughan, and had 1. ^lary; 2. Nathaniel.

V^I. Catharine, daughter of Paul and Tem-
perance A\'a]des, marrietl AVhite, and had

a son, Eli;

A'll. Patience, daughter of Paul
and Temperance AVaples, married AVilliam
Fisher (17G8). No report of children. Paul
(1) kept a store at AVar\vick. He vas drowned
off the capes of Delaware, in 1764. His
widow d. 1775.

Li.vE OF Tno>f.\s AVatles, Son of AViLr.i.\M, 1.

He married Comfort Stockley, daughter
of AVoodman Stockley and sister of
ifary who married Judge John AViltbank, in
1732, son of Cornelius AViltbank and Comfort
AVa])les who must have been a daughter or
granddaughter of Peter, 1. Judge AV. AV.
AViltbank, of Philadelphia, is descended from
lier. The children of Thomas (1) were,

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STATE OF DELAWAUE

315

I. Stofkloy, wlio married Mary . 'J'lit'ii'

fliililrcn wi'ii- 1. \\'oi)dinan, b. 17(J'J; 2. Jotiias,
b. 1771; 3. liutli, b. 1772, who married Jului
B. i'rame, 17U3. No report of issue of any
of the three. Stockley d. at Warwick, 1775,
of tlio great pestilential epidemic that raged
there that year;

II. Tliomas (2) m. ^[ary • .

b. 1777^ His second wife was Eliza-
beth, daughter of I'eter Waples, 2, of Keho-
both, and their cluldren are reported above in
hi:: LL\E.

'I'he tliird wife of Thomas, 2d, was widow
!Mary liiirton, nee Lamb. Their children were,
1. (Jidoon, b. ISOO; 2. ilary, b. lb();i.

1. (ii<lei)n m. Pi'iseilla Houston, who left no
issue. Jlis ^ectiiid wife was widow Sally Cot-
tiiigham, net JJurton of ilyers, of whom
were born, (1) Sally, who married James Pon-
der, subsequently (iovernor of Del., and had
James AV. and others ('). (2) (iideon, I'd, who
in. Sally Hunter and had a daughter, Clara,

who uiarriid ('arey. His second wife

was ^Miss Ham who bore him a child now dead.

2. Mary, married lllue. Xo issue re-
ported.

ITT. Sarah, daughter of Thomas, 1, and
Comfort (Stockley) AVaples, married John
Brady, 1773. Their children were, 1. Thomas
Wajjles Brady, b. 1777; 2, Sarah, b. 177!*.

IV. Comfort, daughter of Thomas and
Comfort (Stockley) Wajdes, married Andrew
McIlvainc(0 in 1777. Wnxham was proba-
bly their son, whose daughter m. James G.
"Waples. (See Line of Peter, 2,) and whose
sons were Alfred and Lewis; Betsey, daugh-
ter of Thomas and Comfort (StcK'kley)
"Waples, m. Alexander ]\lcHvaine(?) in 1778.
The \\Titcr thinks that Andrew ]\rcl., b. 1779,
and Thonnis Waples ilcL, were their children.
The latt.er left several sons.

VI. ifolly, daughter of Thomas and Com-
fort (Stockley) "Wajdes, m. Wm. Jackson in
17(55. She seems to have been of Thomas 1st,
as she cannot be placed in any of the other
three lines; probably his oldest child.

Line of ]}urton.

3d son of William, m. Coni-
. His children: 1. Wolsey, 2.
Peter, 3. Cornelius, who m. widow
Betty "White, and had Wallace, father of Cor-
neliu.s, Jr., Alary [Dorman], Sarah [Ricli-
ards], Comfort [White], Klizabetli [White],
18

Burton,
fort

and Hetty. 4. William, d. in youth. 5. Bur-
ton, 2d, m. Betty [West^J and their children
were (1) Wolsey, m. Nancy Kollock, and their
children were JJurton AN'allace, Wolsey W.,
Jami;s W., David JL, Elizabeth, Aun, Louisa,
of whom the 1st, 3rd and 4th left issue. (2)
( 'omfort B., who m. Thos. C. Waples, (3) Cor-
nelia, (4) Nancy. G. Agnes. 7. Comfort., lu.
King and had a son, who became a Catholic
priest. 8. Ann, m. Hall, and had (1) Bobert,
b. 17!)9, who had a daughter Jenny who m.
Kev. Wm. Moore, Ala., (2) Nancy, i). .Mrs.
West had sous: IJurton, Wrixham and
J.ewis ( '.).

Dksckxd.wts of Paul AVai-lks, Second
So.\ OK Pktkk, 1.

Paul of I'eter 1st had a son AVilliam, who
seems to have had seven children as follows:
William 2, Peter, Alary, Sarah, Catharine,
Ann and Paul, 2 of this branch. The order
is not certain. I. AVilliam 2nd was the father
of 1. Eli, whose children were Burton ( !.,
William, and Nathaniel {I), 2. Isaac; 3. Will-
iam 3; 4. Elizabeth, m. A'csey; 5. Patience,
m. A'esey; li. Catharine, m. Salmons; 11. Pe-
ter, father of Eliiiu, John and Pris.-iHa; IIL
.Mary, m. Lockwood. lA''. Sarah, m. .Morrison.
\. Catharine, m. Hance. A''I. .\nn, m. AVag-
lon; VII. Paul, 2, father of Paul, 3, (Capt.
Paul), J<jhn S., Peter, lietsey, Bathsheba,
Catharine and Sallv.

1. Capt. Paul's children: (1) John B. m.
Catharine Bobinson, and they had Edgar,
(whose sons are JOdgar, Carl and Henry
AVorth), and John B. 2nd, (who has a son
Balph ). (:.') Bachel, m. Dr. E. C. Dingle, and
had Ennna, who m. John P. Luper and left
three sons and two daughters. (.3) Jane, m.
II. Lingo and had Levi and Edward H. (4)-
Paul 4tli, no issue. (.5) Edward B. His chil-
dren: (a) John G. m. May Bicliards and has
a daughter, Helen; (b) Paul; (c) Addie, m.
AVandelohr; (d) Fanny, m. A. F. Platter; (e)
JIary. (6) Hetty m. Wolsey Burton, and
their children: Myers, AVillard, John B.,
Clara and Anna. (7) Asher. His children:
(a) Charles Isaac; (b) Edward B.; (c) Han-
nah, in. Beazle; (d) Eva; (e) Carrie,m. Boazle;
(f) Lizzie, m. Coleman, and (g) Frank. (8)
Bathsheba, m. AVolsey Burton (his 2nd wife)
and had Lizzie who m. Johnson and had ]\[y-
ers. (D) Isabel. (10) Isaac.

2. John S., father of Peter B. and John S.,

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310

JIloaHAI'llICAL ENCYCLOnWIA

2ik1. (not certain.) ii. Teter. 4. The fuiir
dauglitcrs of I'aul, '2, not reported as to their
families.

'J'he writer was unable to get reports of tiiis
general branch of the family e.xcejjt of the de-
scendants of Capt. Paul Waples. In religion,
the descendants of William Waples, on the
jiortli side of Indian Iviver, were mostly Pres-
byterians, while those of Paul, on the south
side, were Episcopalians. In politics, during
the early years of the Republic, those on the
north side were Democrats; but later, all were
"Whigs, as a general rule. Now nio.st of the
Waples family in Delaware are Democrats,
while those in other states arc divith^d; and
there is now much divci-sity in their religious
preferences.

Most of the men mentioned in this genea-
logy were farmers, liiere were sonie fifteen
nicrchant.s, four lawyers and as numy doctors.

HOWARD PYLI^, Wilmington, Del., sou
of William and ilargaret C. (Painter) Pyle,
was born in "Wihniugton, Del., ^larch 5, IS J3.

!Mr. Pyle's paternal grandfather, Isaac
Pyle, farmer, was born in Delaware county.
Pa. lie married Eliza Lamborn, also of Del-
aware county, Pa., where both died. His ma-
ternal grandfather, William Painter, farmer,
was a native of Delaware county, Pa., and was
married to Phebe Churchman, of Chester
county. William Painter died at his home iu
Delaware county. Pa.; his widow died in \\i\-
niington, Del.

William Pyle, son of Isaac and Eliza (Lam-
born) Pyle, and father of Howard Pyle, was
bora in Delaware county. Pa. He was en-
gaged in the manufacture of leather in Wil-
ming-ton, Del. ilr. Pyle, in connection with
Edwin A. W^ilson, Cyrus Pyle, and James
AVebb, organized a firm at Wilmington, Del.,
in 1844. The business was started on a snudl
scale on Orange street, the firm being C. & W.
Pyle tVr Company. About 1850, the firm be-
came Pyle, Wilson & Pyle, and in 18G1 it
becanio C. & J. Pyle. The firm is now the C.iV:
J. Pyle Company. William Pyle severe<l his
connection with this finn in 1870, and the busi-
ness was continued by Cyrus and Joseph Pyle.
The property embraces a whole sipiare on
Sixth and Monroe streets where the offices are
situated. The company also owns a factory on
the opposite side of the (Jiristiana. Tn 1878,
the com])any began nutking shipment- lo Eng-

land, and now sends across the Atlantic five
hundred sides of patent leather per week,
which is about one-half of the total output,
i he factoric-^ have an engine of one hundred
and t\vcnty-ti\e horsct-powcr, and ciiipldy
eighty men. iiic e.stalili^hmcnt is never idle,
and the oi)eratives are so well treated that
strikes are unkiio\V]i. William Pyle was mar-
ried to .Margaret ('., daughter of William aiijl
Phebe (( iiurchman) Painter. Their children
are: I. Howard; 11. Phebe, deceased; Hi.
Clifiord; IV. Walter; V. Katharine. Will-
iam Pyle died in Poston, .Mass., October 4,
1892; his wife died iu Wilmington, Del., Oc-
tober IC, 1885.

Howanl Pyle was educated at T. Clarkson
Taylor's .Veademy, Wilmington, Del., and
studied art in Philadiiphia, Pa., under Van
der Wilen, a graduate of the Art School of
Antwerp, wher(>, at the age of twenty-two, he
carried oft" the first jirize. The first of .Mr.
Pyle's literary productions which gave evi-
dence of remarkable talent, was the Magic
Pill, a short story in vei'se which apjK'arol in
Scribner's [Monthly. lie has contributed
frequently to both Scribner's and Harper's
magazines, always delighting the reader by his
jjoetic descriptions and by the quickness and
delicacy of his fancy. Among the most en-
joyable of his magazine articles are: the
'Thousand Ides; Life in an Old Time (Jual-cr
Town; and Stephen 'Wycherhj. It is his fairy
tales, however, which have made him one of
the most pop\ilar writers in the country. His
first book of this character, Bolin Hood, at-
tracted general attention by its quaint, pithy
style. .\.ll the scenes of the charming story,
WitJtin the Capes, are laid in his native state.
Pepper and Salt, the most entertaining fairy
book of its season, appeared in 1884. The
Wonder Clod', ]uiblished in 1887, became at
once deservedly popular. It contains twenty-
four marvelous tales, so bright and witty as to
fascinate its readers. All these books are pro-
fusely illustrated by ifr. Pyle himself, wliose
])en(il shows the same qiuiintness and delicacy
of fancy whi<ii are so charming in his writ-
ings. The literature (if Delawai'c has no
stronger representative than Howard Pyle.
]\Ir. Pyle is a Republican. He is also an active
business man, and is vice-president of the C.
iV J. Pyle ('omi)any, leather manufacturers,
Wilmington, Del.

On Ai)ril (■>, 1881, in Wilmington, Del.,

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mm.

STATE OF DKLAWAHE

HowMril Pyle was married to Anne, daughter
•of .J. J\lurtun and Ann (^Sellers) Poole. 'J'lieir
children are: I. Sellers; II. Thebe; III. The-
odore; I^^ Howard; V. Eleanor; \l. God-
frey; YII. AVilford.

Mrs. Pyle's parents, J. JMorton and Ann
(Sellers) Poole, had live children: I. Sellers;
n. ThoHias; III. Alfred D.; IV. J. .Martin,
Jr.; V. Anna (Mre. Howard Pyle). ,1. ]\Ior-
ton Poole died in 1880.

C'Lll'TOKl) PYLE, AVihnington, Del.,
second son of William and ^largarct (J. (Pain-
ter) Pyle, was born in Brandywine linndrr(l,
Xew Castle county, Del., May -i, 1S57.

Clifford Pyle was educated in New Castle
county, and since early manhood has been en-
gaged in the manufacture of leather. ^Ir.
Pyle is an efficient business man and is now
president of the C. & J. Pyle Company,
leather manufacturers, AVilmington, Del.

Clifford Pyle was married, in Wilmington,
Del., :March 23, 1881, to Mary G., daughter
. of Andrew J. and ]\rargaret C. (Wilson) Wat-
son. 'J'heir children are: I. Margaret P.;
II. Bertha W.

!Mrs. Pyle's paternal grandparents, John
and Hannah ^I. (Planter) Watson, died in
^Mississippi. Her maternal grandparents,
Peter and ^lary (Churchman) Wilson, died
on their farm in Chester county. Pa.

ill's. Pyle's father, Andrew J. Watson, of
Jackson, ]\liss., was married to !Nrargaret C.
Wilson, of Chester co.. Pa. Their children
are: I. ]\rary G. (Mrs. Clifford Pyle); II.
Sarah G. (Mi-s. Theodore A. Leisen); III.
William C.

WALTEB PYLE, Wilmington, Del., son
of William and ]\rargaret C. (Painter) Pyle,
■was born in Wilmington, New Castle county.
Deb, August 1, 185D.

Walter Pyle was educated in the Friends'
school, at Wilmington, Del., and after his
■course thei-e entered the establishment of the
C. A: J. Pyle Company, of which he is now
secretary and treasurer. Mr. Pyle is an ener-
getic business man. He is a Republican, and
is highly esteemed in the county.

AValter Pyle was mamed, in Wilmington,
Del., October 12, 188,5, to Anna M., daugbter
of Samuel and Sarah A. (Young) Jackson.
They have one child, Gerald Jackson. ]\[r.
Pyle is a member of the Society of Friends.

Mrs. Pyle's patenial grandfather, Samuel
Jackson, farmer, of Chester county, Pa., was

married to Sarah 'J'aylor, also of Chester
county. Pa. Her maternal grandfather,
George Young, a cloth manufacturer of W'il-
limantic, Conn., was married to Anna Jones.
Jioth are now deceased. Mrs. Pyle's father,
Samuel Jackson, a native of Chester county,
Pa., was married to Sarah A. Young, who was
born in AVillimantie, Conn. 'J'hoir children
are: I. ilary P. (Mrs. George W. McKee);
] I. Anna ]\r. (Mrs. Walter Pyle), born in Phil
adelphia, Pa., .Mav 2, 1SG2. .Mr. Jackson
died in Philadelphia, J'a.

KATllKjnXE PYLK, Wilmington, Del.,
youngest child of William and ^Margaret C.
(Painter) Pyle, was bom in Wilmington, Del.,
A'ovember 23, 18G3.

Katharine Pyle is not only a clever artist,
l)ut possesses considerable poetic talent. She
has collaborated with her distinguished
brother, Howard Pyle, lending the gTace of
fanciful and humorous verse to his attractive
ju\-eniles.

JOSEPH E. D. SEEDS, Wilmington,
Del., son of William Carpenter and Elizabeth
Ann (Steers) Seeds, was born in Brooklyn, N.
Y., October 22, 1830.

In the old Swedish records are found the
names of John and Briu Seeds, and their
children: I. Joseph, bom December 22,
1722; IL John, born October 11, 1725; III.
Samuel, bora July 1, 1733; of John, son of
Samuel and Mary (Brimberg) Seeds, born
January 7, 1754; and Joseph, son of Samuel
and ilaria Seeds, born !March 17, 1756.

Edward Seeds, the first of the name of
whom there is any authentic family record,
was married, January 1, 1741, to Abigail Buf-
fington. Their only son, Adam Seeds, was
V'l"" iu 1744, in Chester county. Pa. Adam
Seeds, great-grandfather of Joseph R. D.
Seeds, was married, August 2, 1770, to Alice,
daughter of William and Elizabeth (Harlan)
White. Mrs. Adam Seeds was born in Ches-
ter county. Pa., in ]738, and was a lineal de-
scendant of George and Elizabeth (Harlan)
White, who emigrate<l to America about
1 ti8(l. Adam Seeds died October 1 , 1S23 ; hi3
wife died September 7, 1823.

William Seeds, son of Adam and Alice
nVhite) Seeds, was the grandfather of Joseph
B. D. Seeds. He was a resident of Baltimore,
Afd., at the breaking out of the war of 1812,
and he enlisted in the American army, but af-

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318

BIOGUAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ter that time nothing was heard of him; it in
supposed tliat he was killed in battle. Wil-
liam Seeds was manied to Hannah, daughter
of Samuel and liaehel (Din^ee) Carpenter.
Their children are: I. Josejdi Carpenter; II.
Adam (Carpenter, born August 28, 1802, died
August 3 4, 1803; IIT. I'hebe Ann (Mr.s.
Aipdla Thomas), born Oetober 21), 1803, died
August 21, 1883; IV. William Carpenter;
V. Henry Carpenter. "After weary months
of waiting for her husband's retm-n, ^Irs.
Seeds, with her four little ehihlren, returned
to her father's home, where she brought up
her ehihlren to lead useful lives. She died
December 10, 1846.

Joseph Carpenter Seeds, eldest son of Wil-
liam and Hannah (Carpenter) Seeds, was born
at Chichester, Delaware county. Pa., July 4,
ISOl. His boyhood was spent in the home of
his grandfather, Samuel Carpenter. He was
emj)loyod on the farm and in the tannery un-
til 1817, when he was apprenticed to Abel
Saunders, carpenter, at Wilnungton, Del. He
remained with ^\v. Saunders five years after
he had attained his majority, and during thi^
time was employed on ])iece-work. His work-
manship was so satisfactory that he gradtially
established a reputation as an architect and
builder. To meet the demands of his increas-
ing btisiness, Mr. Seeds built the Star Planing
mill, at Front and Justison Sts., AVilmington,
which he managed until 1853, when it was
sold to Craig & Tatnall. The erection of the
light-house at the mouth of the Christiana
river was a triumph of ilr. Seeds' skill and in-
gentiity, as the turbulent waters of the Chris-
tiana seemed bent on preventing the laying of
a secure foundation. The first passenger sta-
tion for the Philadelphia, AVilmlngton and
Baltimore P. II., in W'ilmington is the work of
!Mr. Seeds, as is also St. Andrew's Protestant
Episcopal clmrch, which he built in 1829. In
his sen7]on preached in 1879, at the semi-cen-
tennial celebration of this chiu'ch, liishop Lee,
late Bishoj) of Delaware, says: "The building
was commenced in ifay, 1829, and the work
was carried forward with such energy that the
church was completed and ready for consecra-
tion on the 1st of October, of the same year "
In 1839, ilr. Seeds put up the si)ire and made
other improvements which were finished by
Christmas of that year; one month afterwards,
the whole structure was destroyed by fire.
By October 15, 1840, ilr. Seeds had complet-

ed the erection of a larger church, and this
proving iuadciiuate to the reqiurements of the
congregation, lie was engaged to enlarge the
building one-third. 'Jhns was Mr. Seeds'
ability thrii'c acknowledged by this infiuential
congregation. Air. Seeds' educational advan-
tages were very limited. He spent oidy
eighteen months in the schoolroom, and one-
half of this time was passed at a night-school,
taught by Samuel Ford, in Wilmington, Del.,
which he attended after he had begun to learn
carj)entry. .Mr. Seeds always attributed his
good health and his longevity to his regidar,
abstemious habits. Jicfore the war of the Pe-
bellion he was a Democrat, but during the
war he identified himself with the Pepublican
])arty. On ilay (i, 1S24, Joseph C. Seeds was
married to Ahiry Jane, daughter of William
and Fydia Milligan, of Philadelphia, Pa.
Their children are: I. ^William Henry, cashier
of the Delaware County Bank of ilanchcster,
Iowa, married first to Sarah Paxon, of Phila-
delphia, who died in lb77, leaving three chil-
dren, and afterwards, in 18S0, to Airs. E. A.
Babcock, of Alanchcster, Iowa; II. Anna E.
(Airs. Joseph Jeans), of Chester, Pa.; III. Jo-
sci.h AL, died April 24, 1851. Airs. Seeds
died January 1, 1842. Air. Seeds was mar-
ried, Alarch 19, 1843, to Alai-iana, daughter
of James and Alary Wilson, of Wilmington,
Del. Of their three children two survive:
], Emily T., married Kobert H. Young, su-
lierintendent of ju-inting in the office of the
W^ilmington Eienj Ercning; II. Alary W.
(Airs. John B. Bare), of Baltimore, Aid. Air.
Seeds was a member of the old Swedes'
church, in which he was confirmed by Bishop
AVhite, of Pennsylvania, in June, 1820. As
his home was situated near St. Andrews', Air.
Seeds afterwards connected himself with that
congregation, of which he has been a member
almost from its organization. For more than
forty years he never missed a service. Joseph
('. Seeds died at his home in \\'ilmingtiin,
Del., December 21, 1S91.

William Carjicnler Seeds, fourth child and
third siin of William ami Hannah (Carpenter)
Seeds, and father of Joseph B. I). Seeds, was
born February 22, 1800, at >few Castle, Del.,
and was apprenticed to Abel Satmders. On
Sejitembcr 13, 1827, he was married to Eliza-
beth Ann, daughter of William and Afargaret
(Searles) Steers, who was born October 17,
ISOG, at Sjiarta, near Sing Sing, N. Y. llieir

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.!• •■ I

STATE- OF DELAWABE

319

c-liildri'U arc: I. Phebe Ann, born March 8,
Ibi'y, married, October 14, 184U, to William
A. ilcliityre, died February 21, 18G1, had six
cliildreii, i. William, drowned in the Ohio
liivt'r, ii. .liinc, resides in .Missouri, iii. Kate,
married Dr. .Moat, of Phihuleliihia, I'a., iv.
Alonzo, removed to the west, v. Abraham, dc'-
ceased, vi. Joseph, deceased; II. Josejih Kich-
ard Doty; 111. .Marietta, born April ;i, l«;i;!,
married, September 20, ISao, to Henry, mju
of Thomas Evans, has four children, i. .Mary
Ida (Mis. Frank P. Lackey), ii. Kate Eliza-
beth (Mrs. George O. Ilildreth), iii. Ella Jane,
died in infancy, iv. IlaiT}' Cookman; IV. Han-
nah Elizabeth (ili-s. Edwin W. Jackson), Ixirn
Xovember 3, 1S3G, died May 17, ISlt:"), leav-
ing two children, i. Frank S., ii. Mary Eva; V.
Henry Carpenter, yoiingcst son, born June

111, ISOS, niarned ilaria , died Febru-

ai-y 7, 1S51 leaving three children, i. James,
ii. Annie, iii. ^lary. !Mr. AVilliam ( ". Seeds
died ]\Iarch 2G, 1887; his ^\^dow died Sep-
tember 28, 1894.

^Ir. J. 11. 1). Seeds' maternal ancestore were
natives of England. His grandfather, Wil-
liam Steei-s, was born in England, July 1,
17CG, and was married to ilargaret, daughter
■of Lot and Thankful Searles, who was horn
November 5, 177!). Lot Searles was born ^^ay
20, 174."), and was twice married. ^ViUianl
Steers died .May 20, 1S4G; his widow died in
F'ebruary, 185!).

Jo^eiih I'ichard Doty Seeds, only son of
A^'illiam Carpenter and Elizabeth .\iin
(Steers) Seeds, was educated in the old school-
liouse at the comer of Sixtli and French
streets, then the only public school in Wil-
mington, Del. .\fter finishing his course
there, he learned carpentry and stair-building
with his father, AVilliam C. Seeds. Having
served his apprenticeship, ilr. Seeds went to
Philadcljihia, Pa., but at the end of one year,
removed to ^Morrow coiuity, Ohio, where for
thirteen yeai-s he carried on a siiccessful busi-
ness as a builder and contractor. On ifay 2,
1SG4, ^Ir. Seeds enlisted in the One lluiidred
ami Thirty-sixth Ivegiment, Ohio Volunteers,
and served until 1SG5, when he was mustered
out at Coluudms, Ohio. Soon after leaving
the army, .Mr. Seeds sold his l)usiness interests
iu Ohio, and returning to AVilmington, Del.,
opened an office as a builder and contrartur.
Although he is a native of IJrooklyn, X. Y.,
he is as thoroughly identified with the people

and the business interests of Wilmington, as
though he were to tJK,' uumor born, lie was
only six years old when his parents removed to
tliat city, where, with the exceiition of the
thii-teen yeai-s .sjn'Ut in Ohio, he has passed
his \vhole life. l'\ir twenty-live (■l)n^c'cutive
years he has been a builder and contractor in
Wilmiug-ton. His energy and enterprise have
brought him liuaucial success, and his skill
and architectural ability are attested by hun-
dreds of comfortable and convenient homes.
.Mr. Seeds has also erected many of the public
edifices of the city, among them se\eral large
]iublic school buildings, including the hand-
some new building occ\ipied by the Wilming-
ton high school, at iMghth and .\dams street.
in 1807, ^Ir. Seeds retired from active busi-
ness life. He is, however, intercste<l in all that
affect-s the welfare of AN'ilmington. He is a
Pepublican, and is highly esteemed by his fel-
low-citizens.

On ]\Iay 4, 1851, Joseph E. D. Seeds was
nuirried, in Philadelphia, Pa., to Elizabeth
N'ictorine Jackson. 'Their children are: I.
.Mary ]^Iardula, bora August 13, 1852, died
August 25, 1852 ; II. :\laria Elizabeth,
Ijorn July 14, 1853, married Xovem-
ber 20, 1873, to George A. Pyle, who
died June 27, 1881, resides in Wilmington,
Del.; III. William Franklin, born September
2G, 1854, married, December 14, 1S75, to
A'iola Williamson, resides in AVilmington,
Del.; IV. Henry Eyron, born in !Monroe
county, Ohio, September 21, 185C, married,
October 20, 1892, to Annie P. Thomiison; V.
Clara l^tta, born June 14, 1858, nuu'ried, Jan-
uary 5, 1877, to E^gbert F. Xutter; VI. Jo-
sejjh Elmer Ellsworth, born January 28, ISGl,
married, .\pril 2, 1883, to IMary E." Keynolds;
A'll. Irwin Worth, born September 2, lsG4,
married, September 1, 1887, to .Vnnie E. Xut-
ter; \']U. Edwin Lincoln, born ^lay 1, ISGG;
IX. Pertram Grant, born Xovembi'r 30, 18C7,
married, .Vugxist IS, 1887, to Annie Iley-
nolds; X. Washington Colfax, born January
23, 1870, man-icd Se))tember 8, 1802, to Alice
Thomiison; XL Xellie, born July 21, 1875,
married^ Sej)tember 25, 1804, to John Walter
Ilendrixson. ^Irs. Seeds died at her home in
Wilmington, Del., ]\Iay 17, 1895. On Jan-
uary 14, 1897, ^tr. Seeds was married at Xor-
ristown. Pa., to .\melia De Bree, daughter of
Xatlian P. and Catherine .\. (Weaver) Brew-
er, of Bucks county, Pa. Air. Seeds attends

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320

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

the M. E. church. His ancestors, paternal and
maternal, were members of the Society of
Friends.

JOHN" BULLOCK, Wilmington, Del., son
of Jacob and Elizabeth (Talley) ]5nllock, was
born in Brandywine hundred, New Castle
county, Del, June 0, 1S4L

His paternal and maternal ancestors were
English. Aaron Bullock, gTcat-great-great-
grandfather of John Bullock, 3, came to this
country from England about 1710. In Eng-
land he had been a salesman for his brothers,
Peter and Timothy, who operated linen fac-
tories in Belfast, Ireland, and had their resi-
dences in Liverpool, England. In tliis coun-
try, Aaron received land by a grant from AVil-
liam Penn, and spent the remainder of his lifo
in its cultivation. His farm land was in what
is now Delaware county. Pa., and was close
to the Delaware state line. Here ilr. Bullock
died. His remains were buried in the Old
Swedes' churchyard in Wilmingtou.

When Aaron Bullock came to America he
brought with him his son Isaac, then five yeiirs
old. Isaac afterwiirds became an apprentice
to Amos Chandoler, blacksmith, of Chando
ler's Hollow. He worked at his trade and was
engaged in fanning for many years in Dela-
ware county. Besides the usual falirications
of the smithy, he manufactured cowbells, and
sold large quantities of them in Pennsylvania,
Delaware and ilaryland. His bells were cele-
brated for their tone and superior workuuin-
shiji. Isaac Bullock married Jiargery Sniitli;
their children were: I. Isaac, 2, who served
in the Pevolntionaiy War; II. Thomas; III.
!Moses; lY. John. All were farmers.

John Bullock, grcat-gnmdfathcr of John
Bullock, 3, married Sarah, daughter of
Thomas Hampton, of England, and had chil-
dren: I. Isaac; II. Samuel, died in childhood;
III. Moses; IV. John, 2'; V. Thomas IL; VI.
Hannah (ifrs. John M. Snnth); VII. Mary
(Mrs. William Gray); VIII. Hester (Mrs.
Abner Vernon; IX. Jane {'Khs. John Pierce).

John Bullock, 2, was born in Delaware
county. Pa., and engageil in farming there.
He married Sarah Sharpley, of Brandywine
hundred, Del., and had several children.

Jacob Bullock learned the wheelwright
trade, and worked at it in Brandywine hun-
dred, New Castle county, Del., and in Wil-
mington. He married Elizabeth, daughter of

Adam and Hannah Talley, of Brandywine
hundred, Del. They had children: I. John
3; II. Sharpley; III. Anna Mary, died young;
IV. Alargery (ilrs. Cassidy); V. Ennmi; VI.
Elizabetli (Mrs. Albert JMcCracken); VII.
Jacob, 2, of Philadelphia. Mr. Bullock died
in Wilmington, Eebruai-y 19, ISOO, aged
forty-five years.

John Bullock, 3, was educated in the pub-
lic schools of Wilmington, and was aftcnvard
apprenticed to a wheelwright. He has been
occupied with his trade all his life, with the
exception of three years given to the sendee
of his country. On August IS, 18G2, he en-
listcil, at Wilmington, in Company D, Fourth
Begiment, Delaware Volunteer Infantry, and
was with that regiment until the close of the
Civil W&Y. He jiarticipated in the battles of
Cold Harbor, Petcrslmrg, Weldon Pailroad,
and Gravel Eun, Va., in ISCl, and Five
Forks, Va., in 18G5, and in many important
engagements. !Mr. Bullock was mustered out
of the army at Alden Heights, Va., in 1865,
and retin-ucd to Wilmington, where he re-
sinned his trade as a wheelwright. In April,
1897, he engaged in business for himself. Ho
is a Bepublican.

John Bidlock, 3, was twice married. His
fii-st wife was Annabel Anderson, of Delaware
county. Pa. Thev had children: I. Anna T.
(.Arrs.Kinsey Vanzaudt); II. AVilliam S.; IIL
Jolm E. and two who are dead. Mi-s. Annabel
Bullock died, and Mr. Bullock was married,
the second ti;ne, in Camden, N. J., to Anna
:\r., daughter of Carl :\reAllister. :\rr. Bul-
lock and family attend the il. E. church.

Thomas H. B\ill(x;k, fifth son of John and
Sarah (Hampton) Bullock and grand-uncle of
John Bidlock, 3, was born on the old home-
stead in Delaware county, Pa. He was for a
number of years a tanner. Afterward he was
landlord of the Lion Tavern at Chadd's Ford,
Delaware county, and during his management
of the hostelry he entertained General Lafay-
ette on the occasion of the visit of the great
French general to the Brandywine battlefield.
After the death of his father, Thomas H. Bul-
lock returned to the homestead fann and re-
sided there until his death. He married Eliza-
beth, daughter of Abel and Sarah (Thomas)
Boberts; they had children as follows: I.
Sarah (Mrs. John Gray), deceased; II. Jacob,
deceased, married Abigail Hi ill ingsworth; III.
Elizabetli (]\rrs. Jonathan Dutton), deceased;

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STATE OF DELAWAIIE

321

W . Ilanic't (Mi-s. George Traiiior), of iledia,
I'a., widow; \''. Catharine (Mrs. iulwai\l j\la-
gee), deceased; VI. Eveline (Mrs. William
.McKay), of Kansas, widow; VII. John, died
at the age of si.xteen years; VIII. Thomas P.,
of I*hilatlel])hia, married Sarah Seal, and after
her death, Clara ^lay; IX. Isaac, of rhiladel-
jiliia, married Sarah Cheyney; X. .Moses 1!.
aMr. IjiillocJi died duly ij, ISUl, in his sevunty-
second year; his widow also is deceased.

Closes 15. Bullock was born on the old honie-
steiiJ farm in Delaware county. Pa., Septem-
ber 27, lSo5. He attended the common
schools of that vicinity and spent the greater
part of liis life there as a butcher and farmer.
On March 25, 1881, he removed to AVihning-
ton and has since been employed here as en-
gineer of various steam plants. ]Mr. B\illock
was a soldier in the war of the Kebellion. On
September 0, ISGl, he enlisted in the Eighth
luginicut, Pennsylvania Cavalry, and served
until July, 1SG2, wh(Mi he was discharged at
the Washington Hospital on ai;connt of gen-
eral disability. He is a member of Kakohak-
ing Tribe, Xo. 17, I. O. K. ]\I., and of Brandy-
wine Commandery, N. 51, K. tif j\I. In poli-
tics he is a Ivepublican. On December 24,
18G2, at Kockdale ])arsonage,by Kev. John K.
]\Iurphy, rector of St. Paul's church, of Cun-
cordville, Delaware county, Pa., Moses B. Bul-
lock was married to Harriet ^i., daughter of
George and Lydla A. Walter of Concordville.
]\Ir. Bullock is a member of tiie Brandvwine
:\I.E. church.

BKNJAMIX^ C. WELLS, Wilmington,
Del., son of James and Susan (Thomjison)
AVclls, was born in Blackbird hundred, X'ew
Castle county, Del., July 25, ISIS.

His fatlier, who was of English descent, was
born in ]>lackbird hundred in 1781, and that
loi-ality was his home throughout his lifetime.
He was for many years a farmer. James "Wells
married Susan, daughter of Thomas and Susan
Tiiom])son, of Kent county, Del. They had
children: I. James; II. Elizabeth (^[rs. John
Cunningham); III. Eliza; IV. Thomas T.; V.
Benjamin C; VI. John; VII. IMary Ann;
A'lII. Sarah Jane (Mi-s. Samuel Courtney).
Benjamin C. Wells is the only one of the fam-
ily now living. Jlr. James Wells died in lh(i7;
his wife died in 1832, aged forty-five years.

Benjamin C. AVells spent his boyhooil in
Blackbird hundred. At the aiie of fifteen lie

was apprenticed at bricklaying and plasteiing
to Benjamin Enos, of Smyrna, Del. When
he had completed his apprenticeship, he en-
gaged in business for himself in Kent county,
.Md., continuing in that county until ISIS.
He then transferred his business operations
to St. George's, Bed Lion hundred, Xew (Cas-
tle county, Del. In 18G1 he established a gen-
eral merchandise store in St. George's and
conducted it until March, 18G9, when he
came to Wilmington and has since been pro-
prietor of a retail grocery store, ilr. Wells
is a Bepublican and for two years of his resi-
dence in Kent county, ild., was a postmaster.
On January 3, 1812, in Smyrna, Del., Ben-
jamin ('. Wells was married to Catharine,
daughter of Rev. Solumon Seeman-^, a na-
tive of Kent county, Md. They had
line child, IJenjamin, who died in infancy.
.Mrs. ^\'ells died November 20, lS-12. On
,luly 15, 1841, in jMiddletowni, Del., ]\[r.
Wells married Mary SeemanSi a sister of his
tirst wife. Their children are: I. Walter
S., died in youth; II. Sarah Elizabeth, died in
infancy; III. Josephine, died in infancy; IV.
Benjamin Eranklin, died in infancy; V. Kate
C. (':Mrs. J. A. AVhitcraft), of Wilmington,
Del., has two children, i. ]\Iary I., ii. Blanche
H.; VI. Julia S. (.Mrs. Harvey i). Wingate),
of Wilmington, Del., has one child, Bertha ().]
VII. Jennie, died in childhood; VIIT. Ida E.
(Mrs. William 'M. Palmer), of Wilmington,
Del., married previously to Oliver II. Court-
ney, deceased; IX. Benjamin, died in infancy.
]\rr. Wells attends the .M. E. church.

EBEDEBTCK K. K'AISEB, Wilmington,
Del., son of Charles and Mary (Karch)Kai-er,
was born in Wilmington, .March 15, 1S5G.

His grandparents, paternal and maternal,
were b(jru in Germany. Carl Kaiser, his
grandfather, never removed from the Eather-
land. Jacob Karch, his maternal grandfather,
was a native of Baden, Germany, and there re-
ceived his education, learned cabinet-making
and married Salome Schaeffer. In December,
1833, Jacob Karch and his wife came to
.\nuM-ica. They selected Delaware as their
home, and were among the fii-st Geniian set-
tlers in the state, ^fr. Karcli soon ])rocnred
employment as a cabinet-uiaker, with the P.,
AV. vt'B. P. P. Co. iu Wihuington, and for
about forty years was one of the lunst efficient
workuien emplciye<l by the coiii]iany. The

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BIOGHA rniCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

cliiklifn of ]\lr. and ilrs. Karcli were: 1. Mary
{Mvi. Charles Kaiser), of Wiliuiugtoii; II.
Jaeiili 1)., all employee of the \'., W . iV I>. \l.
U. C'u. f()r many years, and ftjreinan for
thiriy-three years, died in "Wiliiiiiii^toii, Jan-
nary -2, 1_S'J7; 111. Margaret, of Wilmiiigton.
Mr. Karch died in AVilinington in April, 1SS2.
His widow still resides in Wilmingtnn, and at
'tlic venerable age of ninety-three years is in
good health and active in mind and body.

Charles Kaiser, father of Frederiek K.
Kaiser, was born in Koni, ]>aden, (lerinany,
and emigrated to this conntry. He married
]\[ary, daughter of Jacob and Salome (Hcliaef-
fer) Karcli, of Germany. They had children:
I. Frederick Iv.; II. A daughter who died in
infancy.

Frederick K. Kaiser attended the pnblic
schools of Wilmington and was afterward ap-
prenticed as a carbuililer with the Bowei-s &
Duerr Co. When he had mastered his trade,
he worked as a journeyman for several years.
Since 1SS5 he has been contimionslv in the
employ of the P., AV. & B. l\. Tl. Co., and
since January, 1S97, has been foreman of the
cabinet making <lepartment of its busy shops.
^Nfr Kaiser is a memlier of Washingtini lodge,
No. 1, K. of V. His political views are tlioso
of the Democratic party.

On January 2!), 1S9,5, Fredei-ick K. Kaiser
was married to Alary E. Ebert, of York, Pa.

THE REV. PATKICK KENNY, the
first priest of tlie Poman Catholic church in
the state of Delaware, was born in County
Dublin, Ireland, June C, 1708, and was edu-
cated at the College of St. Sulpice, in Paris,
France. In the summer of 1S04, he joined
a company of (yiiigrants bound for Wilming-
ton, Del. On his arrival he found the heat so
overpowering that he decided to return, by
the vessel from which he had so rei'ently dis-
embarked, to the balmy climate of his former
home. A completed passenger list obliged hiin
to wait, and the weatiier becoming more agree-
able, he was induced to remain in this country,
which he finally adopted as his home.

I'litil 1S08, Father Kenny lived in the fam-
ily of Anthony Ifearn,at Pocky Hill, in (bish-
en, about three miles east of West Chester,
Chester county. Pa. In ]\rarcli, 1805, he took
possession of Coffee Pim, a farm at White
Clay Creek, New Castle county, Del., having
made an a<ireeiiieiit with the Jesuits, who

owned the property, and had built a small log
church tluue in IIHU. On April 7 of the
same year, Father J'keiiny again visiti-d W'hile
Clay Creek to arrange for the service in tie;
church there, the congregation "iiisiuiiig 8 1).
pt'r one Sunday per month through the year."
This church, built under the direction of the
late Pev. Ju. Uosseter, O. S. A., was dedi-
cated "to the sers'iee of Ford Clod under the in-
tercession of the lik'ssed N'irgin .Mary d'As-
snniption;" the churchyard adjoining was di-
vided into lots, and many of the Catholic de-
parted were laid therein. On September 11,
1808, Father Kenny removed from. Mr.
Heani's house to Cotfce Pun, where he lived
until tlie time of his death. An examination
of his diary, begun March 25, 180.5, reveals
the fact that he practiced the most rigid
economy, and that he had but little time at his
disposal, either for recreation or study, a large
portion of his life having been jiassed away
from home, and no inconsiderable part of it
sj)ent on the roads. The hardships and
privations endured by Father Kenny can not
be estimated by one unfamiliar with the coun-
try over which he traveled. lie attended reg-
ularly five stations and one church, included
in three counties and in two states. As the
congregations were small and the members,
\\\\\\ few exceptions, poor, the priest had a
very laborious and poorly rewarded vocation.
Much of his traveling was on horeeback, the
nature of the roads and the state of his tinaiices
forbidding him the use of a vehicle. He,
therefore suffered greatly both from the heat,
to which he wius very susceptible, and from
the icy blasts of winter, to which he was, from
]>hysical intirmity, keenly sensitive. In his
diary. Father K-nny mentions the following
stations: West Chester, .May .5, ISO,', ; as this
entry refers to a quarterly payment it is evi-
dent that he served this .station jirior to this
date; the' house of John Dorat, Londonderry
township, C!hcster countv, Pa., Mav 20, Fs05;
New Castle, Del., July 28, 1805'; Wilming-
ton, Del., November 25, 1805, when he Ijap-
tized some French families, but did not cele-
brate Mass until May S, ISOfi; the home of
Judge Wilco.x, Octoi)er \?,, 1805. The sta-
tions at West Chester, Coffee Pun, New Cas-
tle, and y\Y. John Keating's house, Wilming-
ton, were attendr<l once a month; John Dorat's
house, ill Loiiilonderry township, once in three
months; and tlie house of Judge Wilcox, at

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STATE OF DELAWARE

323

first, oiu'c ill three iiioiitlis, Imt afterwards
uiuutlily. Oil the day after tlie new ehureh
at AVihniiiiituii was Idesscd by him, Fatlier
Kenny iiuule tlie following aj;-rceiiient with
the trustees:

••Wihniiiiiton, September i;5, 1S18.

"^Vt a ineeting- of the members of the Catlio-
lic Chureh of St. I'eter held therein this day.

I. liestjved, that the members of St. Peter's
Chureh, in AVilinington, do agree unanimous-
ly to pay to a (Clergyman twelve dolhu-s for
eveiy Sunday he perfoniis serviee therein.
Their w i>h is to have churcli four Sundays in
tlie month, if possible, if not four, three, if
not three, say two certain.

ir. Iiesolved, by the members of the
Chureh, that the Kev. Doctor Dubarth, of
riiiladelphia, will please to grant this congre-
gation their request.

Signed by the committee ajipointed,
William Larkiii,
Arthur ilurjihy."

A few years afterwards, this congregation
desired to have more frequent services than
his duties, at liis other stations, would permit.

In addition to the labors at his various mis-
sions. Father Kenny tilled his owti farm and
garden, himself performing all the manual
wcjrk. His old fashioned Dearborn wagon,
covered by a white muslin cloth, in which ho
sat surrounded by all kinds of farm produce,
was a sight familiar to all the residents of Wil-
mington and its vicinity. In 1824 this ve-
hicle was rejilaced by a "snug, good Dearborn, ■
very cheap at $24, although it had seen consid-
erable service." This wagon, after some reno-
vation, maintained a prominent position in the
history of ( 'offce Ivun, in whose records it is
frequently mentioned.

Father Kenny was a little below medium
height, but robust and well-proportioned. His
tailor, Francis T>reen, was poorly supplied with
fasliion ]i]ates, and Father Kenny, when at-
tired ill a suit of his manufacture, and a tall
broad-brimmed hat, resembled a Quaker rath-
er than a ])rie^t.

The Kev. Patrick Kenny's devout piety and
devotion t^ duty conimanded tlie res])ect of
Catholic's and Protestants. His rigid sense of
hciin.r and iliitv led liim to condemn unhesi-
tatingly the .-lightest frickrry or immorality.
His denunciations, however, were so tempered
by real kindness that they rarely excited angi'v
feelings. Father Keiiiiv dearlv loved rliil-

dren, who recognized thc'ir friend and amply
repaid his faithful care. He was a thoughtful
student, aiitl true to his unselfi.sh nature he
hastened to ])lace his iiooks at the dis[iosal of
his friends and nc-ighbors. In llUli J-'ather
K'enny was .seriously ill with what was called
'".^poteil or ])iitred fever." Tlii-. illness re-
sulted in an ulcerated leg, from which he suf-
fered until the time of his death. This atllic-
tion, however, neither interfered with the
regular discharge of his duties nor changed
his easy, cheerful disposition. His own ac-
count of his sufferings, followed often in the
next ])aragra])h by some facetious sally, excites
alternate feelings of jiity and amusement. At
the end of each year. Father Kenny regularly
offered his thanks to Cod, "both for His mer-
cies and for such. adversities as He, in His wis-
dom, thought proper to bestow upon him," and
frequently called upon Cod to grant him pa-
tience to endure his painful atHictiou.

During his connection with tlie church at
Wilmington, Father Kenny was accustomed
to ride or drive into town on Saturday. He
boarded with ]\Ii-s. Andre Noel, an estimable
colored woman; his horse was cared for at
^^cGee's tavern, a well-known hosteliy, for a
long time the Swan Hotel, now the Gibson
House, situated on I'^ourtli street, between
-Market and Shipley streets, Wilmington, Del.

Feather Kenny is buried in the graveyard
attached to the old log church at (Viffee Kun,
where he had labored so faithfully for thirty-
five years. The stone whiidi marks his grave
bcai-s this inscription:

"Sacred to the memory of the Kev. Pat-
rick Kenny, born in the county of Dublin,
Ireland, and for nearly forty years pastor of
the church of St. Peter, Wilmington, who
(lied on the 21st of March, 1840, aged seventy-
nine years, revered and regretted. 11. I. I*."

THE YEKY KEY. PATKTCK KEILLY,
Y. (]., first pastor of St. Mary's Koman Catho-
lic Cliun-h, Wilmington, Del., was born at
(Uirdala, ]iarish of Kilmore, County Cavan,
Ireland, October 11, 1807. His father and his
maternal grandfather, Fldward Brady, were
tolerably successful as manufacturers of cot-
ton and woolen goods, but their trade, al-
ready suffering from tlio baleful effects of the
Union, was so injured by Najiolcon's embargo,
that, following the example of their neigh-
br,rs, the whole family emigrated to the United

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324

BIOGRA PHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

States, where they settled in northern Phila-
tlclpliia. Here they resinned business with
every prospect of success. For some time,
young ileilly assisted liis parents in the mill,
and in the dis('liari>e of his duties showed a
thoughtful, self-denying dispdsitiun. Serious
books were a deliglit to iiini, and while read-
ing one of these books a chapter on "Hell"'
made sucli an impression tipou him that, for
three days and three nights, he could scarcely
think of anything else. 'J'his chapter decided
his vocation. Only as a priest could he hope
to influence men to their salvation, therefore
he would enter the ministry. But how could
he, an ignorant Irish boy, emphjyed in a little
Kensington mill, obtain not only an ordinary
education, but the special training required to
qualify him for the priesthood' This was in-
deed a difficult problem, but (Jod provided the
way. About this time some young men from
^ew York, among them John ivelly, came
to complete their studies at the Seminary in
Philadelphia. The seminary building being
too small to acconunodate the students, sonu;
found places in private families, and ^Ir.
Kelly was recommended by the Bishop to
make his home with Patrick's father. The
young men were soon warm friends. John
Kelly, who had been an iiLStructor in Ireland,
found little difficulty in teaching his friend the
Latin language, in which he made such rapid
progress that in a comparatively short time
Patrick Eeilly entered, with his friend, the
Seminary of ^\t. St. ;Mary's, then the
best ecclesiastical college in the United
States. The last night at home was
spent by Patrick in saying farewell to his
numerous relatives. IMany of them regarded
his project with misgiving, and not a few of
his younger friends made fun of his "voca-
tion," and laughingly declai-ed that he would
soon tire of the stern realities of seminary life,
and be glad to return to them. Tiieir light
words deeply impressed the boy, and on his
way to his home, pondering deeply upon the
nature of the solemn step that he was about to
take, he was unable to control his emotions,
and falling on his knees, under the open sky,
lie bared his head and, calling the stars to wit-
ness his vow, he solemnly renounced the world
with all its allurements, and pledged himself
thenceforward to devote every faculty to the
active service of his l\raster, and the salvation
of his fellow-men. This consecratinu nut an

end to doubt and heaiUition, and not for a
single instant did he regret his choice.

At ilt. St. Mary's, the ecclesiastical stu-
dents, when well qualiried for the work, acted
as as>istiint professors among the lay students.
Young licilly had a natural taste for the e.K-
act sciences, and was so successful as a teacher
of mathematics that the Jiev. Mr. Corry, Viire-
President of the College, considered him one
of the most efficient instructors who had ever
had charge of tiiat department. Among his
classmates were ( "artlinal ilcClosky, Arch-
bi^liop Hughes, Father Sourin, and numy
other distinguished ecclesiastics.

In ISoJ, the seminary at Philadelphia hav-
ing been enlarged, Mr. Kcilly returned to that
city, where, after a three years' course, he was
ordained to tlie priesthood by Bishop Ken-
rick, August 21, 18u4. lie celebrated his
first mass at St. Augustine's, Fourth street,
and the pastor of that church, Eev. Father
Hurley, a friend of his parents, desired him to
join the Order of St. Augustine. Father
Peilly, however, feeling himself under deep
obligations to Bisho]) Kenrick for his admis-
sion to the Philadelphia Seminary, did not
consider himself at liberty to leave the diocese.

Previous to his ordination, Father Reilly
had gone on a solemn retreat to his old senii-
jiary, ]\It. St. ^laiy's. One day at dinner, he
attracted the favorable attention of Father
Carrol, afterwards Bishop of Covington, Ky.,
then pastor of Wilmington, Del. Father Car-
rol, who was thinking of joining the Order of
the Jesuits, and seeking a successor, was so
pleased witli the young student that he at once
applied to P.ishop Kenrick for the ap[)oint-
mcnt. Three months after this, at the close of
a short mission at Trenton and Pleasant ]\Iills,
jST. J., Father Beilly was appointed pastor of
Wilmington, Del., where he remained until
his deatli, fifty-one years afterwards. Besides
Wilmington, Father Beilly had charge of
Coffee Ihin and New ("lastle, and for more
than thirty yeai-s visited these places periodi-
cally, usually making the journey on foot.
Hearing that the Irish laborers on the IIa\Te
de CracG division of the Philadelphia, Wil-
mington and Baltimore Bailroad had no means
of approaching the sacraments, he frequently
walked the nineteen miles a day to minister to
them. Such devotion was not lost U])on these
honest fellows, who presented him with a horso
and gig as a token of tiieir appreciation.

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li: ISttO. £t the reanes: of a nuniuer of fiar-
erti "vrLose JLar.g^htcis -were rLcder uie c^re of
SistcK cif CiJiriTT", Father lieiLy upece'i liis
scLcol fcrr ix'vs. He "was a i-arL. lekcher, ind
i-eTer felt icore si bome than in the seLcc-i
rcK'iii. He tras in>t omv Ji thorcrugii 9cl»v.-liT,
Llli a lover of 'or-js nirbo TiiJceK.ic«c>d their na-
_ni?« anJ ;'>i2ed in tiar ipc-n=- His ~ciio«c4
tLrore, iui Tras seTeral tirics eiuir^ed, unrll
in 1 545. r^ihe- Eeiiiv's. of ^LLxii^.uii, X^eL,
■n-jis TTolI-kiiOTm. in SaltiDiore, PLilfidelptia
ai.i XcTT York. Sdm-akied 1'T iiis sraL-:.*=s,
Faiiier Xelly yieWed to the enETsaties of his
fiieiids., decided to maie iiis Sizhoci a i;-cJ.le£:e
and applied fw a charreT. The iegislamre of
I^ia"w£re. ai nrst un^irir.g lo ^-hin^-r a
"R.-.TTn-n (."atlKklie C-c4ie^, iivdiieiieed l-j tie
g-lo'«<irg eulogiuin of Catbolic schoc-ls ■iinere>l
Iv a Pr^'iesrant menibeT. Seiiator Spesr-
Eian. ■R-hc'se -daiteiiter had been ed^ieate^i at
Unimerrsl-'iirar. praETed the ehinierj §4hj.C'C«?
were rai?el and the eolleare "wa; bciii. AVith-
in texL viirs its Training- had ejiaUed thiny
jc-ung nieii to enter the seoninarie; Tritl: dis-
tinetion; anjang its cradiiatea "srere ' Arch-
bishop C'OmgaE, Pr. Henrr Brann aad other
eminent clergymen of Xe-er York, Baliiiiiore
and Boston. The enterprise tvss net. e5c-e}>t
in its e£rM?r y-e^rs. a nn^noiai sueeess. Chrlng
to the CiTii -war, and Taiic>as c-thez causes,
aiDC'ng them the inability of the fotuider to
ec-ntinne his personal snperrisicn, St. ALary's
Cc'llege deelined and "was at last sold ioT
^0,ChV>. ttns e-rreiing the original mongag'e.

Father Xeliy, the ~r^ teacher and the inn
friend of Father Eeiliy, "sras deeply eonceme i
for the rjrure of the c-C'loivei race, and soon
interested his pr.pil in their Trelfare. The

yotmg philanthropisis sstt that tinder existing AVhen Delaxrare "was n-.ade a dic>cese, oxer
eirenmsTinees it "wonld rMiiire geneistions to
pass l:«eiore African-Americans cotild l^e eren
■parriallv iit hon-e an2';r^ Fnro-Tieaii-Anierl-
cans. iBen why not mutate, !iO"5reTer. hnia-
bly. St. Francis Xa"neTf TTny not go to
Lih«eria, the headcr,arters of African ciTiiiia-
tion, and preach Christianity there! The
yonng enihtisiasts jcaned hands in a sc-lenm
agreement, that at the nrst laToirable m^; aient,
they "sroiild devote theasel-res f^.rerer to the
enlighiennieni of the African race. In 3 S4o.
Father Kelly, ec-nelndini: th.at the time hsd
come, "tvTOtc to Father JieiTy that the Per.
I>T. Bairo-srs "sronld estallish a mission in li-
beria. and "sronld start as s-r-on as he fo'V.iid

luro compaiiions: one, he lonseif. "was re^ay.
-when ec-nld Father KeiOy sttanJ "At once,"
w£s tite prctmpt reply. He ioTeJ ids parish

and his si,"hcn.'l; nererthciess. he wo-ald gc. at
v-nce, sjad in less tiian a week had laade his
jireparations and had wntien to tne EisLop
askins the faror of iinnji-diate }it.-mussio»u.
Xever dreaming of proMlaticm, he iiad liken
leave of his paiishioners^ and was to sian the
next lEOiming, whiai be reeareid the Bishop'^
letter, not only "vrithndlding pennissioii, but
altsc-rately forbid.iing the step. To resist s-aeh
a mandate was imTo^hie. Pr. Fiaircws atiin-
doned the proieet. Father Kelly, iiO"wever,
went ont alcne. His was the real of an apostl?
and the heart of a hero. After a tnree yeir<'
straggle against tbe deadly climate, he was
c-cenpelled t:- retnm to America. His hrs;
viat was to Wilmington- Father Beiliy ecvud
ha::%i!y reeogniEe his old friend. His n^ddy
complexlGn was changeni to an asben gray : his
form was stc«ofiei his hair white, and even a
Jnly snn failed to keep him wiirm. The rest
of his life was spent in Jersey City, btit tmril
his sirengrh failed, no year passed "sdthoiit a
vasit to "Wilniingion.

Lal'crzn i: crz-€ was Father Ueilly's
niottO'. fro-m which he liover deviated. His
c-nly recreation was an honr or twc snatched
fro-m sleep to play chess "with a friend. Fven
in simrmer, when resting at the sea^ore, he
never faued to reinrn each week for confes-
sion and masses. The devont servant of his
Master, he never wearied in fc-llo"King the di-
"rine foc-tstefs^ The niost tinselnsh cf men,
he avc.ided honor as eagerly as c-rhers sc'tigit
it. The linie he rec-f-ived, he re,-c-ived nn-
"willinirlv, ccr it came to hdia vr.ikno"^n£iv.

which Bishop Bee-ker t^resided. Father KeiUy
Of another honor.

was ma

de Vift

K-ar Oenerii

the title of Monsignor, conferred r.tvn him ly
His Holiness, Pl-.-.s IX.. in answer to a 5tr-?ng
recon-jmendation from the Bishop, he was
never made aware, as in cc-nseononce c-f some
delay, it did not reiich America nntil a few
days after his death. Father l^eillv's minis-
trsiions otn of the pulpit were rt-r^^arkable.
Hi- was truly a g'.^'.d citirv-n in all Th-.n tlu- tena
inipljes, and was the faithftil frieiid and ad-
viser of his perple in temporal a? well as in
spiritnal niatters- He looke-i elosi-ly to their
investments^ and in hundreds of cases took
chariTO of their savincs and l>v iiidjcior.? fore-

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32G

BIOGUAPIIICAL ENCYOLOP/'JDTA

sight secured for tlieiii a gooJ profit without
the hibS of a dollar. His iiilud was practical,
witli good, strong coauuou sense, Ijut not much
imagination; and while he excelled as a
teacher, he never was an orator, lie was, how-
ever, eminently successful as a newspaper con-
troversalist; his style was vigorous, keen and
not imiiolislied; niore(jver, he invariably ad-
hered closely to the matter in hand, and
ne\'er put \>en to paper witliout a comideto
knowledge of his subject.

On August 28, iy84, the fiftieth anniver-
sary of liis ordination, the congregation of his
parish, and the Catholics generally, together
with many sterling I'rotcstant friends, united
in celebrating his seuu-centennial. All ranks,
parties, and religions offered their congratula-
tions, and made him the unwilling recipient
of many valuable presents. In less than a
year afterwards, on July 30, 1SS5, in the sev-
enty-eighth year of his age, he died the death
of the just man, passing away quietly, as a
traveler who sinks calndy to rest at the close
of a long, happy day.

Father TJeilly, a ])riest for more than fifty
years, was a devoted pastor, a worthy citizen
and an lionest man. The finger of scorn was
never lifted against him; more than that.
Ins record came up to the apostolic standard in
having a good name among those who were
not of the Cliurch. After his long and ardu-
ous labors, in which ho never sought the
wealth that pjcrisheth; after a life consecrated
to his duties, could he not say in the hour of
his licath: "I Jiavc kept the faith; hence-
fonvard there is laid up for me the crown of
righteousness."

ELIAS P1U:\1R0SE S:\HTnERS, LL.
Vj., Philadelphia, Pa., son of Captain Elias
and Elizabeth (Primrose) Smithers, was born
'^.n South ^ililford, Del., July 31, 1843.

John Smithers, his grandfather, was a
prominent farmer of iMurderkill hundred,
Sussex county, Del., and married a daughter
of Waitman Sipple. Their children were:
T. A\'aitman; II. Elias (both sea captains);
HI. Caleb, served as a mendier of the legis-
lature, and as sheriff of Kent county, Del.;
IV. Sarah (Afre. :\Iason Bailey).

Captain Elias Smithers, second son of John
Smithers, was at one time a nuMuber of the leg-
i.-ilatnre, and was a Whig and an anti-slavery

man, of very pronounced opinions. He was a
sea captain, sailing from .Milford, Del., and
other ports, and continued to lead a sea-far-
ing life until 1S(J0, when he fixed his resi-
dence i)ermani'ntly in the city of Pliiladel-
jihia. Cajitain Smithers was twice man-ii'd;
his fii'st wife was Catherine, daughter of
John Prinu'ose. Their only child, Captain-
William II. Smithers, of Milton, Del., "died
in lSti4. After the death of .Mrs. Catherine
Smithers, Captain Elias Smithers married
Elizal)eth, daughter of Elias and Amelia
(.Manlove) Primrose; of their children, those
who lived to mature age are: I. Emma; II.
John P., of Southern California, formerly
connected with the San Francisco Bulletin
ami Chrouidc; III. Elias P.; IV. Ilettie A.
{Mrs. George W. Staatii); V. Theodore, of
Philadelphia. Captain Smithers died in
Philadelidiia in 1S71, in his seventy-fourth
year.

IJesiding during his childhood in ISTorth
ililford, Elias P. Snuthers received his edu-
cation .in the academy of that town; an ajit
and diligent pupil, he attained considerable
proficiency, especially in the study of lan-
guages, making rapid progress in Latin, Greek
and French. lie was seventeen years of age
when, in ISCO, the fauuly removed to Phila-
delphia, lie had united with the Metiiodist
Episcopal church, and his talents were re-
garded by his friends as indicative of his tit
ness for the ministry. His own inclinations
also pointed in the same direction; b\it cir-
cumstances shaped his coiu'se to other ends.
Taking a coui-se at the Crittenden Commer-
cial College, Afr. Smithei-s was gi-aduated in
18G0, and for about three years wa.s a con-
veyancer in Philadelphia. The Church,
however, had not relaxed her hold upon him,
and in ISOO he was licensed as a local
]ireacher, and recommended to the Confer-
ence of Philadelphia for a charge. His
health being somewhat imjiaired at that time,
Mr. Smithers declined the charge, although
ho accepted the license. .Meanwhile, he
had become interested in the study of law,
and now entered the Law l)ei)artment of the
"University of Pennsylvania, from which he
was graduated in liSOtl, with the degree of
LL. P., and in the same year was admitted
to the bar. Since that time, ilr. Snuthers
has devoted himself assiduously to his pro-

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STATE Oh DELAWARE

327-

fession, in wliicli he has been very siK-eess-
fiil, and has achieved an enviable reputa-
tion.

In 1873, ilr. Siuithei-a was appointed by
Gen. II. T. C'oUii to the ofHce of asdistaut
city solicitor, and was continued in the same
position by the appointment of William Nel-
son West until April, 1881, when the de-
mands ofhis private business compelle'd him
to resign. His name has, on different occa-
sions, been suggested for the appointment of
judge of the Uiiihans' and other Courtis. Mr.
Smithers was a candidate for the City Council
on the Keforni ticket, in 1881, and received a
heavy vote. In 1893 he was nominated for the
Common Council, on the Ivepublican ticket,
and elected and thereafter re-elected success-
ively for five additional terms. He became
one of the most inlluential members of the
City Councils of Philadel])hia, and iillcd the
position of chairman of the Conmnttce
on Law of Connnon Council, and of the joint
committees on Highways and Finance, the
latter being the most important position
in the Councils. In 180-1 he was nominated,
by the Republican Party, for llegister of
Wills of I'liiiadelphia county, and was elected
by over SO, 1)00 votes, the largest majority
ever given for that office. In January, 18U8,
on the expiration of his term as Kegistcr of
AVills, ^\v. Smithers I'esumed the practice of
law in Philadelphia. He is a strong Ilepub-
lican, active and influential in the councils
of his party. He is also prominent in legal
circles, ids high reputation for fairness aJid
integrit}- having won for him a pojiularity
still more desirable than his reputation
for ability. He is a member of the ^lasouic
Order.

Elias Primrose Smithers was married, July
G, 1870, ti> Anna L., daughter of Thomas
T. and ilargaret (ilcLaughlin) ilason, of
Philadel])hia. ilr. Smithei"s is a member of
Grace ^il. E. cluirch, and was for many
yeai-s "Trustee of Union ^I. E. chiirch and
superintendent of its Sunday-school.

JOSEPH EUGENE HENDIIICKSON,
Philadclplua, Pa., son of Peregrine and ^[ar-
garct (Hill) Ilendric.kson, was born in Cecil
county, ild., ]\rarch 20, 1850.

^fr. Hendrickson's grandfatlier. Peregrine
Hcn(h-ickson, fanner, was a resident of New
Castle county, Del. For many years he held

the office of justice of the peace in ^liddle-
town, Heh, discharging his duties promptly
and efficiently. Peregrine Hendrickson had
two children, twins; one, Peregrine, survived.
J\lr. Hendrickson and his wife were devout
membci-s of the P. E. chnreh. For many
years he was a vestryman of St. Anne's cluirch
near J\liddletown. He died in 1851, and i.s
btuied in St. Anne's churchyard.

Peregrine Hendrickson, father of Joseph
E. Hendrickson, was born in New Castle
county, Del., March 3, 1820. He spent hia
life in the cultivation of the soil, for some
time renting land in St. George's himdred,
Kovf Castle county, Del. In 1819 Mr. Hen-
drickson removed to a fann in Cecil county,
ild., where he remained until l^i75, when he
purchased a honu; in Kent county, Md.
I'ercgrine Hendrickson was married to Mar-
garet Hill. They had ten .children, live of
whom died in childhood. Those living are:
I. A'ictor, born ^lay 1, 1845, resides in Kent
county, ]\rd.; II. Augustine, born April G,
1847, living in ]vent county, Md.; III. Joseph
E.; IV. John P., born July 17, 1851, resides
in Philadcl])hia, Pa.; V. Henry Clay, born
July 20, 1853, living in Kent county, Md.
Mr. Hendrickson was a consistent memb:?r
of St. Anne's P. E. church, at iliddletown,
Del., and like his father, was a vestryman
in that church for many years. He died at
his home in Kent county, ^Id., July 18, 1880;
his widow i-esides at the home--tead in ifil-
lington, Kent county, ]\fd.

Joseph Hendrickson spent his boyhood on
his father's farm in Cecil county, !Md. Ho
recei\ed his education at the Middletowa
Academy, .Middletown, Del. For some time
after his sch(dastic course was ended, he was
a salesnmn in a general store, but was oblig-
ed by ill health to abandon that occupation.
He then taught school in jMaryland until
1875, when he became a resident of Philadel-
jjhia. Here he has spent twenty- four years
as a comnaission merchant, and is well known
as an active, enterj)rising and successful
business man. He formerly handled all kinds
of country produce, but for several years has
confined his attention to the hauling of live
stock, the business being continued \inder the
old lirm name of J. E. Hendrickson & Co.,
which was established in 1S7G, and has never
been changed. The firm ranks among the
most extensive dealers in its line of business.

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328

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

in the city. ilr. Ilendricksoii has also Lfieii
for some years the general manager of the
I'hiladelphia .Market Company, situated at
Thirtieth and ilarket Sts. 'i"he Company
owns an entire block at tiiat point, and han-
dles all the pcrishaLlc. goods delivered by the
Pennsylvania ]Jailriiad Co. Jts cold storage
.facilities are abundant, and the enterprise and
energy of ilr. Ilendrickson are daily increas-
ing the extent of the business in that line.
]\lr. Kendrickson is a member of the Prod>ice
Exchange; of Pennsylvania Lodge, P. it A.
!M. ; and of the Philadeli)hia branch of the
k^ons of Delaware.

Joseph K. Ilendrickson was married in
Philadelphia, April 14, 18b5, to Anna A.
Ivuotf, who died July 4, 1894. lie was again
married, Philadelphia, February 4, 1897, U>
^largaret ^I. Shriver. lie has no children.

WILLIA:\[ S. IIILLES, esq., Wilming-
ton, Del., was born J\Iay 5, IStJo, in Philadel-
phia, Pa., son of John S. and Sarah T. Ililles.
lie began his education at a small niivatc
Bchool kept by a ^Irs. Graham in I'hiladel-
phia. From there he went to the William
Penn Charter School in the same city, and
afterward attended the liugby Academy.
After preparing for college under Prof. Pey-
nolds, Mr. Ililles entered Ilaverford College,
Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated
in 1885. lie immediately thereafter began
the study of law in the oftiee of I^enjamin
Nields, was admitted to the bar in September,
1888, and has since been actively engaged in
his profession.

"William S. Ililles was married October 29,
1898, to Florence, daughter of the late Hon.
Thomas F. and Louisa (Lc^) Bayard. He
is a Peiiublican.

COLEN FERGUSON, register in ehan-
■cery and clerk of the Orphans' Court of
New Castle county, Del., P. 0. Wilmington,
Del., son of Bassett and Susan T. (Weldon)
Ferguson, was born in Appoquinimink hun-
<lred, New Castle county, Del., October 25,
1835.

His paternal ancestors were Scotch, and
Avcre among the original settlers of Kent
county, ^laryland. Tradition has it that one
member of the family (Colin by name) was
one of the first ordained rectors of the Pro-
testant Episcopal church in ^NfarylanJ. The

record of the early liistory of the family has
not bcH;n i)i'eserved, however, and little au-
thentic infornuuiou concerning the callinos
ami the work of these Scotch immigrants and
their immediate descendants is nuw to bo
obtained.

Bassett Ferguson was born in New AJarkct
(now called Chesterville), Kent county, .Md.,
in January, 1802. When but a youth he
came to Delaware, and made this state his
home for the remainder of his life. He was
educated in the common schools of Kent coun-
ty, Del., and made the best j^ossible use of
the few educational advantages ati'orded by
those schools at that time. His school days
over, he learned milling with Kichard Hold-
ing, of Duck C!reek hundred, Kent county.
After the usual jjcriod spent in acquiring his
trade, he engaged in milling on his owti ac-
count, but abandoned this after a time for
mercantile business, in Kent county. About
1832 he removed to New Castle county and
settled in the village of Blackbird, continu-
ing mercantile pursuits there. Subsequently
he conducted a hotel, but in 1845 purchased
a farm in Appoquinimink hundred, New-
Castle county, on which he lived until his
death. He was an active and intluential
worker in local politics as a Democrat; and
his efforts for party success and his ability
were rewarded by frequent election to pub-
lic offices. He filleil several elective posi-
tions in the hundred, and in the fall of 1 850
was chosen sUite senator on the Democratic
ticket. His name is an honored one in Dela-
ware. His integrity and his high character
in all his relations with his fellowmen won
for him general esteem, and his consistent
and practical promotion of all entei'])rise3
tending to advance the welfare of his county
and state placed him among the most conspi-
cuous of the industrial and philanthropic
benefactoi-s of the commonwealth. Bassett
Ferguson was married in Duck Creek hun-
dred, Kent count}-, in May, 1831, to Susan
T. Weldon, who was bom in Appocpiinimink
hundred, September IG, 1813. She was the
daughter of William and IMartha AVeldon,
early settlers of New Castle county. Bassett
and Susan T. Ferguson had twelve children,
live of whom died in infancy. ^lartha A.,
^^■ho married Dr. John A. !Moore, of Fulton,
ICent county, died in Angust, 1890, having hail
three children, i. Lily (I^frs. T. C. Poe, of Kent

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;^ .,c";r'7/'

STATE OF DELAWARE

329

county), ii. John Bassett, now Assistant Sec-
rutiiry of tlio State, iii. Jetfui-son, deceased.
Tlie surviving members of this family are:
]. i;irhard, born May 11, 1S;J2, a justice
of tiie peace in Middletown, St. George's
hun(h-ed, New Castle county, Del.;
II. C'olen, born October 25, 1835;
HI. Sjisan ]\[. (Mi-s. Charles Ji Sattcr-
•field), born September 17, lb;iS, of .Middle-
town, New L'astle county;

1\'. Mary V.. (Mrs. Mortimer Records),

bom May 13, 1843, of Blackbird hundred;

\'. 'leniijerance B. (wife of llicliard C

Brockson. a i)rominent merchant of Blackbiid

vilinpe), born October 15, 1S45;

XL Dr. B>enjamin B., born August 2.3.
1S53, of the vicinity of Blackbird.

Colen l''erguson received his education in
the district schools of New Castle county an.l
at Penniniiton seminary, Mercer county. New
Jei-sey. On the conclusion of his coui-se at
the latter institution he became a clerk in the
store of Crouch A; Davis, at Odessa, St.
Oeorge's hundred. New Castle county, and
remained with the firm two yeai-s, when he
purchased the farm on which he now resides;
the superintendence of this farm has always
been in his hands. Like his lather he has
always taken an active part in the politics of
his state, and has filled, most creditably,
several offices in his hundred. In 1880
he was elected to the state senate, and
served during the sessions of 1887 and ISSO.
On !May 30, 1892, he was appointed register
in Chancery and clerk of the Orphans' Court
of New Castle count}', for the term of tive
years, and, ^lay 30, 1897, ^vas re-appointed
for a like period. !Mr. Ferguson has always
been an ardent upholder of the princiides of
the Democratic party and a leader in its
councils in his county. As a citizen he has
Leen helpful to his community and as a pub-
lic officer he has been most efficient.

Colen Ferguson was married, at the resi-
dence of his wife's father, June 3, 1808, by
the Bev. CJeorge A. Phoebus, to Cordelia
Lord, who was bom in Odessa, Del., Deceni-
ber 13, 1838, and was the daughter of the
late Joseph A. and Ann E. (Derrickson)
Lord. Of their six children, two died in in-
fancv. Those living arc:
I.' Ella;

IT. 'Theodore, deputy clerk and register in
(Chancery ;

III. Bassett, now in the First Delaware
Begiment of Infantry ;

IV. Alartha ('.; all reside at home. Tho
family attend the .Methodist Episcopal
church. Colen Fergusen is a trustee and
steward of the Union ilethodist Episcoi)al
ciiurch, on the .^tatc road, one mile north
of Dlackbird. The I'ditice in which the con-
gregation worshi{)s was erected in 1817. ]\Irs.
Su>an (Weldon) Ferguson, mother of Colen,
is still living at the venerable age of 84 years.

FlfANKLIN BROCKSON, ESQ., Wil-
mington, New Castle county, Delaware, son
of James and .Margaret Ami (Cornelius)
Brockson, was born in Blackbird Hundred,
New Castle County, Del., August 0, 1805.
^Ir. Brockson's ancestoi-s, paternal and
maternal, were tillers of the soil in New Cas-
tle County, Del., where each of them lived
during nearly all the time of their respective
lives. His patennil grandparents, Bichard
Brockson and Letitia (Atkinson) lirockson,
had four children: I. James, II. John, TIL
Bichard, Jr., deceased, lY. Rachel, deceased.
James Brockson, eldest son of Richard and
Letitia (Atkinson) Brockson, was bc«-n in
ISIS, in New Castle County, Del. He lived
on a farm from boyhood, was a successful
farmer, and in 1890 was able to retire from
the labors of farm life. In that year he re-
moved to his present home in Clayton, Del.,
where he is now enjoying well earned rest
and freedom from cai-e. James Brockson
was mari'ied to ^Margaret Ann, daughter of
Abel George and .Martha D. (Weldon) Cor-
nelius, on June 30, 1846. Their children
are: I. Richard C, merchant, Blackbird,
Del. ; II. John E., farmer, resides at Blackbird
Landing, New Castle County, Del.; ITT.
^lartha Letitia, died in infancy; IV. Eliza-
beth .Vmanda (^Ii-s. AVilliam B. Weldon), of
Appocjuinimink Hundred, New Castle Coun-
ty, Del.; V. George, merchant, Clayton, Del.;
VI. Ellen, resides at home with her parents
in Clayton, Del.; VII. William, merchant,
resides at ^^liddletown, Del.; VIII. 'Mary Em-
ma (■\[i-s. J. E. Lattomus), of Blackbird
Hundred, New Castle County, Del.; IX.
Samuel J., farming in Kenton Hundred,
Kent county, Del.; X. Franklin; XT. Clar-
ence v., clerk in the store of his brother,
William Brockson, at iliddletown Del.
Franklin Brockston, Esq., sixth son of

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IT 1 1

330

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

James and ilargaret Ann (Cornelius) Brock-
son, was raised on tlie farm with his parents
in ]3Iackbird Hundred, New Castle County,
l^ol., where he attended the puljlic schools
of the district. ITe spent about four years
as clerk in a general store at Clayton, and
abotit two years in a clothing store in Smyrna.
In the autumn of 1S87, he entered the Wil-
mington (\infcrenee Academy, at Dover,
Del., and graduated from that institution on
June 11), IS'JO. For two yeai-s ^Mr. l]ro<;k-
sou taught school at Port Penn, Del., resign-
ing his position to aci'ept the principalshii) of
the public schools at .Marsballton, Del., which
])osit.ion he acceptably fille(l for two years,
resigning in June, 1895. In the autumn of
the same year he entered the Law Department
of Washington and Lee Univei-sity, at Lex-
ington, Va., gTaduated June 17, 1890, and
was admitted to the Delaware Bar, in New
Castle county, September 21, 189G. Mr.
Ih'ocksou is a nui,d)er of the if. ]v Church
at ( 'iayton, Del.

PHILIP L. GAPPLTT, ESQ., AVihuing
ton, Del., son of Samuel II. and Margaret
(Pedrii-k) Ciarrett, was born in Wilmington,
February 29, 1872.

His ancestry, both paternal and maternal,
was English. Charles Garrett, his great-
grandfather, sixth son of William (iarrett,
was born in Delaware countVj Pa., and wms
all his life engaged in farming. Charles and
his ^nfe, :Mary (Hibberd) Garrett, had
children: T. Hannah, died unmarried; TI.
Philip; IIL Elizabeth (Mrs. George Powell).
Their only son, Philip Garrett, was born
in Delaware county, Pa., October 2, 1810.
He was a machinist, and continued to reside
in Delaware county until 1855, when he re-
moved to Wilmington, Del. Here he enter-
ed into partnership with William Ferris in
Uie gas fitting and ]dumbing business, in
which he was engaged until his retirement in
1S79. Philip Garrett marrietl ^lary Levis,
Avho was bom in Delaware county, Pa., in
September, 1817. Their children are; T.
Jfark, of Wilmington, born February 28,
1844, married Emma Hannum; 11. Samuel,
bom January 21, 1850, in Delaware county.
Philip Garrett was a worthy member of the
Society of Friends. He died ^fay 9, 1894;
!Mrs. Garrett still survives him.

Samuel Garrett was educated in the public

schools of Wilmington, and resided in that"
city until 1879, since which time he has cul-
tivated a farm in ilill (Jreek hundred!, New
Castle county, Del. lie uuirried, May 12,
1N09, ,MargaVet Pe.lrirk, a native of Wil-
mington. Pliilip L. (lanett is their only
son; he was born and wliicated in Wilming-
ton, beginning his studies in tin- public
schools, and completing them in the excel--
lent school of the Friends. In ISS'J, at the
early age of .-eventeen, .Mr. Garrett went to
Chicago, anil was there connected with an
electrical company for three yeai-s and a half.
In the latter jiart (d' 1.S93, he returned to
AVilnnngton, and in the s])ring of P>94, regis
terod as a student at law in the olii<T of Henry
C. Conrad, ^ Esq. On February o, \S\>^,
having passed a most creditable examination,
Mv. Garrett \vas admitted to the bar. His
jiolitical views are Peiiublican. He is a
member of the I. O. O. F. and A. E.

The G.vri:ktt Fa.mii.v. — This family, as
may be inferred from statements in the
])receding sketch, has for many generations
been connected with the Society of Friends,
whi(di has imjiarted in so large a measure of
its own staid, self-controlled and reliable
(diaracter to the connnunities of Delaware.
William Garrett, who was the first rei)rcsenta-
tive of the family in America, emigrated
from Leicestershire;, England, in 1084, with
his wife, Ann Garrett, and several children.
Prior to leaving his English home, William
(iarrett and Samtiel Levis, John Smith and
I'obert Cliife, had negotiated with the agent
of the proprietary governor, William Penn,
for 1000 acres of land in Pennsylvania, to be
divided among them, in eqxuil shares. This
land was in Springfield townshij), in what is
now called Upper Darby. On their arrival
in Philadelphia the four men presented a
joint certificate at a meeting of Friends, held
at what was then called "The Governor's
hou.se," in Philadelphia, September 4, 1084.
Early in 1085, William Garrett located his
share of the land in what is now Upper
Darby, and at once settled there. Both Wil-
liam Garrett and his wife were devout and
highly esteemed members of the Society of
Friends. Their children were: L ^fary ;
IT. Samuel ; TIL Alice ; IV. Sarah ; V.
Thomas ; VL William ; VII. John ; all of
whom were born in England, and came to
America with their jiarents, except John,

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STATE OF DEL AW Ann

333

■vvlio died very young. ^Mary Ciarrett niar-
riud Aliid Xolile, son of Eichard Noble, ^vho
came to Ami'riea in 1G75, witli John Fene-
ricl:, the t'oiinder of Salem, N. J., in the ship
Gri//ilh, from London, Kngland, and who
was appointed by Sir Edward Anilros sur-
veyor of Upland county.

Tlic second child and eldest son of this fam-
ily, Samuel Gan-ett, raan-ietl Jane, daughter
of Robert Pennell, of Middletown, Del;
Aliee nuirried Joseph, son of Ivobert Pen-
nell; Sarah married William Croxton, of
Providenec, and AVilliam married ^lary
Smith. AVilliam GanxHt, the elder, died in
17U3, and his wife in 1722.

Samuel Levis, the neighbor and life-long
friend of William GaiTett, occupied the land
adjoining his, which remains to the present
time in the possession of ^Ir. Levis's descend-
ants. Samuel Levis was a man of economical
and business-like habits; he possessed an en-
ergetic character, wliich was especially dis-
j)layed in matters pertaining to the wtdfare of
his adopted country. Scarcely was he com-
fortably settled in his Pennsylvania home,
before his friends induced him to represent
the county of Chester in the provincial as-
sembly; and he was aftenvards electeil many
times consecutively to the same oilice. For
a short period he was justice of the jicace of
Chester county. ]S^ot^\^thstanding his many
official duties, Mr. Levis alwaj's found time to
attend carefully to the religious and charita-
ble duties that devolved upon him as a mem-
ber of the Society of Friends. Ilis children
were: I. 'Mavj (^Irs. Joseph Pennock); IL
Samuel, married Hannah Stretch, of Phila-
delphia; III. William,' man-ied F.lizabetli
Ixead, of Tveimett, who became a preacher of
the Society of Friends; IV. Sarah (:\[r3.
fieorgc ifaris), of Springfield; Y. F'liza-
beth (]\ri-s. William Shipley). William
Sl^dey came to America from Loyley and
FtK)xeter, Staffordsliire, England. Before
her man-iagc, and while in her twenty-fourth
year, Elizabeth Lens Itecanie an enthusiast
in religion. In company with John Fenn,
she unilertook a series of religious jounieys to
various parts of the country, vLsiting New
England, Long Island and the Earbadoes Is-
lands. In 1733, she nsited England, Scot-
land and Ireland, addressing religious meet-
ings in different parts of those countries and
^ 19

proclaiming everywhere the success of tho
Friends in establishing their Society in the
new land of hope. Elizabeth (Levis) Shipley
died at tho age of eighty-seven, having been
a preacher of the Word for more than sLxty-
three yeare.

Tho lnisbai|d of l^fary, eldest daughter of
Samuel Levis, was Josepii Pennock. He waa
a son of that Christopher Pennock who, as
history informs us, was the fii-st military offi-
cer in the English service to emigrate to
America. He served under AVilliam, Prlnco
of Orange, lived for a time in Cornwall, Eng-
land, and afterwards nuimed -Majy, daughter
of George Collett, of Clonnicl, County Tip-
jierary, Ireland. After his man-iagc, he re-
turned to England, and emigrated to Amer-
ica in lOST), settling in Chester county, Pa.
As he still held his commission in the Eng-
lish army, he was recalled by AVilliam and
;^Llry in 1CS8, to assist in the great struggle
then jjcnding between King William and
James 11 of England. lie fought on the mo-
morablc twelfth of July, IC'JO, in the great
and decisive i)attle of the Boyne, in which
King James was so disastrously defeated.
Chri^^to]lller Pennock then returned to his
new home in Chester county. Pa., where he
took uj) the business of card-making; later,
ho removeil to Philadelphia, \sc-)'e he died in
1701.

The history of his son, Josepli Pennock,
was an eventful one. lie was bora in (-lon-
mel, Ireland, and at the age of twenty, had
crossed the Atlantic ocean no less than four
times. Once, while on his way to America,
the vessel in^^'hich he sailed was captured by
a French man-of-war; he was taken as a pris-
oner to France, and held there for nearly n
year in \\Tetelied captivity, being subjected
to cruel tortures at the hands of the French
prison officials.

Owing to the fact that the Pennock fajnily
were not members of the Society of Friends,
the man-iagc of Joseph Pennock and ilary
Levis took place at Springfield, at the resi-
dence of the liride's father. The ceremony
was perfonned in the presence of two justices
of the court, in the year 1705. It is said that
this was the first niai-riagc in Chester coimty
between jiersons of different religious views.
From that time until the year 1714. Joseph
Pennock resided in Springfield. lie then re-

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334

BIOGRAPHIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

moved liis family to West Marlborough,
where he erected a dwelling whicli he ealled
"Primitive Hall."

Joseph Pciiiioek was a member of the pro-
vincial assembly. At tiie time when lie ])ur-
chased the tract of land in West Jlariborough,
the country was a wilderness, frequented
■chiefly by hostile bands of Lenni I^enape In-
dians. But Joseph Pemiock, having nego-
tiated peaceably witli these natives, was per-
mitted without the slightest nidlestation to
lay out his grounds and to build his home.
His kind treatment of the Indians embolden-
ed them to take advantage of his hospitality;
and it is related that the Pennoek family,
when they retired for the night, always left
an abtindance of food in an outhouse, which
was sure to be consumed before nu^irning by
the hungry rovers of the forest, ^lany fam-
ilies, residing in the vicinity of Lansdowne,
Pa., still take a natural pride in tracing their
descent from an ancestor, so prudent and so
generous as Joseph I'ennock.

HARRY G. BUCKM ASTER, M. D.,

"Wilmington, Del., son of Charles il. and
IMarv P. (Anderson) Euckmaster, was born
in Woodside, Xortli ilurderkill hundred,
Kent county, Del., October 3, 1809.

Ilis ancestors were English on the paternal
side and Swedi.sh on the nuitenial side. Three
brothci-s of the name of Buckmaster came to
America in the latter part of the seventeenth
or the early part of the eighteenth century
and settled in New Jersey. The tirst mem-
ber of the Buckmaster family who made his
home in Delaware was the great-great-great-
grandfather of Dr. Harry G. Buckmaster,
whose descendants have all been residents of
this state.

Thomas Buckmaster, grandfather of Dr.
Buckmaster, was born in Kent county. By
occupation ho was a farmer, but he also acted
as light house keeper, a position to which he
was appointed by the government. He nuir-
ried Ann Denney. They had children:
1. Thomas, 2, accidentally shot on the Dela-
ware River front, in 18!}-!:; II. Charles M.;
III. Edwin, of Wilmington; IV. Walter K.;
V. Erederick; VI. Anna (Mrs. Richard La-
vine), of Newark, Del; VIT. Olivia (Mre.
AVilliam Short), of Philadelpliia; VIII. Mary
(.Mrs. J. M. Lindcrman), of Wilmington; IX.
Sarah. Thomas Buckmaster died some years

ago. His widow resides in Wilmington,
Del.

Charles il. Buckmaster, father of IJr.
Buckmaster, was born in Kent county and at-
temled the jtiddic schools of his neiglibor-
hood. He learned car-building ami has
worked at that trade in Wilmington for the
jjast twenty-eight years. Mr. Buckmaster
served in tlie Enion Army throughout the
Civil War. He was only seventeen years old
when hostilities were declared, but his pa-
triotism was aroused and he enlisted in Com-
pany II, Eourth Jiegimcnt, Delaware Volun-
teer Infantry, and was mustei'ed out with
an excellent record. He was wounded at
Vicksbiu-g. Charles M. Buckmaster married
]\Iary P., daughter, of Jann^s and Ann P.
(Taylor) Aiulei-son, of Ivent eountv. 'I'hoy
had children: I. Harry G.; II. Lillian; III.
James, died in childhood; IV. Erank A.; X.
^label. Among ^Irs. Buckmaster's maternal
; ancestors were the famous author, Thomas
Payne, also John Adams, Dr. Adams, and
^lajor Andei-son, all of Revolutionaiy fame.

Harry C. Buckmaster spent his youthful
daj's at his home in Woodside, whei-e he re-
ceived his riulimentary educatimi. He after-
ward attended the Eriends' School in Wil-
nangton. He read medicine, for a year, with
Dr. James T. ^lassey, of Canterbury, Del.,
and in September, 18U1, matriculated at the
I'niversity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
He was gradmited from that institution June
7, ISiii, and immediately began the practice
of his profession in Wilmiugtuu. In Jan-
uary, 18!»C, he established in that city a phar-
macy, which he now conducts in connection
with his medical practice. He is a member
of the State Medical Society, and is one of the
board of directoi-s of the Wilmington high
schodl. Dr. Buckmaster is a skilled physi-
cian and a successful business man. He is a
Democrat, and is an active worker in the
ranks. His parents and their family attend
the Presbyterian church.

The Anderson family, the maternal ances-
tors of Dr. Bucknuister's mother, was one of
the first European families in Delaware. The
first of the name, an emigrant from Swe-
den, settled in New Castle and from that
point his descendants have made homes
for themselves in different jiarts _ of the
state. James Anderson, Dr. Buckmas-
ter's maternal gramlfather, was burn

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STATE OF DELAWARE

335

near ^MilforJ, Kent county, Del., in 1810,
and engaged in agricultural pursuits there
throughout his life. He married Ann P.
Taylor, who was born in ililfoi-d, in 181S.
They had children: I. \\'iiliaui F.; li.
^lary P. (ilrs. Charles ]\r. Buckniast<.i'); HI.
Thomas P.; IV. Sarah (.Mrs. A. 11. .Mat-
tliews);, V. Frank, died at the age of
twenty-six; VI. Anna L. (Mrs. Cliarles II.
Fitzgerald). Mr. and Mrs. .\ndei-son are
deceased.

NEWTON II. CLOUD, Wilming-ton,
Del., son of Stephen and Jane (lliekinan)
Cloud, was bom in Cecil county, Jld., Alay
3, ISoS.

His paternal ancestors were Scotch, and
those on his mother's side English. Nathaniel
Cloud, his grandfather, was liorr. in Brandy-
wine hundred. New Castle county, Del. He
was a well-known school-teacher of that dis-
trict for many years. He man-ied Katie
Davis. Natluuiiel Cloud died about 1803.

Stephen Cloud, deceased, father of Newton
H. Cloud, passed his life in Pennsylvania and
Delaware, and in both acquired a good rejm-
tation as a builder. Stephen Cloud married
Jane Anna, daughter of John and Anna
(Bullock) Hickman, natives of Delaware.

Tlieir children were: I. Hiram, who mar-
ried Filina McClerse; II. William B., of
"Washington, niarrieil Anna Waltei-s; III.
Stephen J. R., married Hannah ^IcClerse;
IV. Livana, wife of Charles Hammond, arcli-
itect and Iniilder, of Philadelphia ; V.
Henry, married Ann Ilartshorne; VI. Lewis,
married Sarah Higgison; VII. Harmon, mar-
ried Elizabeth Westcott; VIII. Jane Anna,
married Isaac Hannnond, builder, of Atlan-
tic City, N. J.; IX. Morris, married Emma
"Wilson ; X. Luther, married Elizabeth
AVolfe; XI. Chariotta (Mrs. Charies Lane),,
deceascil; XII. Lorenzo I)., contractor, of

Philadelphia, man-ied Nealy; XIII.

Newton H. Stephen Cloud was a member of
the !M. E. church.

Newton H. Cloud received his education
in the ])ublic schools of Hammonton, X. J.,
and Wilmington, Del. At an early age he
was apprenticed to his brother Hiram to
learn carpentry. When his tenn of indenture
had exi)ired, he engaged in business for him-
self, and for the past twenty years has Viecn
constantly employed as an arcliitoct and

builder. During tliis ijeriod he has made an
exhaustive study of architecture to very
good jjurpose; some of the most ornate and
imposing jjrivate residences in Wilmington
\sere designed and erected by him. In poli-
tics he is a liepublican, but not an active par-
tisan. On November 5, iSTa, Newton H.
Cloud was married to Anna M., dauj^iiter of
Lewis and Charlotte (Hickman) Speakman,
of Hannnonton, N. J. Their chihlren are:
I. Lewis S.; II. Anna M.,; IIL Newton II.,
2; IV. Lorenzo D.; V. John II., deceased ;
VI. Chariotte S. :\Ir. and ili-s. Cloud and
tlieir eldest three eliildren are members of
the Mount Salem M. E. church, of Wilming-
ton.

CHARLES H. COMBS, AVihnington,
Del., son of Amos ami Ann (Jobs) Combs,
was b(n-n in Pliiladelphia, Pa., May 31,
1823.

Amos Combs, though American by birth,
being a native of New Jersey, was descended
from Scotch ancestry. His Avife, Ann (Jobs)
Combs, was born at Pennington, N^. J., and
died in Philadelphia in April, 1885, at tho
age of eighty-five years; her remains are in-
terred in Kivervicw cemetery, AVilmington,
Del. She was of English descent. Her
father was a soldier in the Revolutionary
army, and crossed tlie Delaware with General
Washington on tlie memorable winter night
when the Hessians were surjorised at Trenton.
In the engagement at that place, ]\Ir. Jobs
was wounded. He was a resident of Phila-
deljdiia nearly all his life; liis remains were
interred either at Trenton or at Hanover
cemetery, in Philadelphia; the fonner ap-
pears more probable.

In his early years, Charles H. Combs at-
tended the Friends' school at ^larshallton,
Chester county. Pa. At nine years of age,
lie was "bound" to John AVorth, Jr., a Friend,
of 'Chester, Pa., in whose family he remained
until lie had attained liis majority. The
great western country had for him the attrac-
tion that it possessed in those days for nearly
every enterprising young man, and it was not
long after his indentures had exjiired that he
went to the vicinity of Canton, Ohio. But, t
only three months after arriving there, he en-
listed in Company K, Third Ohio Volunteers,
Col. S. R. Curtis and Capt. James Allen, for
the Mexican war. This was on Alay C, 184G.

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330

BIOGRA PHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Mr. Combs served until August, 184 7, and
was then nuistered out at New Orleans, La.
After spending a few more montlis at Canton,
()., he cauie east, and worked in Philadeljihia
for tlirce years in cotton and woolen nulls,
and for two years in the Spring Garden gas-
works, ilr. Combs was then for a time en-
' gaged in farming near his early home, ^lar-
shalltown, Chester county, Pa.; then resided
for a year in Illinois; then returned to Ches-
ter county, Pa., and remained two years; ho
next removed to Phoeuixville, Pa., then to
French Creek, Pa., and a^ain to Phoeuix-
ville. "While a resident of this i)lace, Mv.
Combs again became a soldier, enlisting, June
21, 1803, in Company A, Twenty-sixth Penn-
sylvania Volunteers^, Col. Jennings, for the
defence of the Union. During his three
months of service, he took part in the great
battle of Gettysburg. After this patriotic
service, Mr. Combs returned to the quiet and
useful cmployment^ of peace. From 1SG7 to
ISGO, he resided in Pottstown, Pa., and in
the latter year, removed to Wilnuugton, Del.,
of which place he has ever since been a citi-
zen. His employment is that of a carijcc
weaver. Mr. Combs is a sujjporter of the Pc-
jiublican party. lie is a member of Cjenei'al
Thomas A. Smith Post, G. A. P., and of Wil-
mington Council, O. U. A. ]\r.

(,'harles 11. Combs was married, August 1-1,
1852, at Warwick, Chester county, Pa., to
]\rartha Jane, daughter of Joseph and Mar-
tha McEwen, of that county. ili-s. Combs
was born at Warwick, September 17, 1832.
Their children are: I. William II.; II. Anna
Eliza, wife of George W. P>()oker, a commis-
sion merchant of Wilmington, Del.; III.
Mary Margaret; IV. Joseph Francis, mar-
ried Sarah, daughter of James IMurra}', of
Wilmington; V. Sam\iel W.; VI. Charles
Wesley, married Lena Kirkley, of Wilmina-
ton. Mr. and ]\Irs. Charles II. Combs attend
the Epworth M. E. church.

CIIAPLES II. CAXTWELL, Wilming-
ton, Del., son of 'J'homas and ^lary A. (Lo-
gan) Cantwell, was born in F.lkton, Cecil
County, :Md., June 18, 1845.

His ancestors came early in the eighteenth
century to this country; those of his father
were from Wales and settled in Delaware;
those of his mother came from Ireland, and
fouuikil homes in ]\[arvland. In IfiSD, Ed-

mund Cantwell, of Cecil county, Md., ob-
tained a grant of 200 acres of land, lying on
both sides of Drawyei-s creek, as a location for
a water mill. He represented New Castle
county in the General A.ssembly of Pennsyl-
vania from 1083 to 1085. Matthew Cant-
well, grandfather of Charles II. Cantwell,
was born in Cecil county, ^Md., Febniary 23,
1773. On March 13, 1800, he married Mary
Pugh, who -jvi^s born February 23, 17s2.
They liad children: I. James, born
August 11, 1803, died in New Orleans, La.,
January 13, 1837; II. John, bom January
20, 1805, deceased; III. Thomas, born Feb-
ruary 27, 1807, deceased; IV. Pobert, born
September 27, 1810, died November 25,
1858; V. Jane Elizabeth, born IMarch 21,
1813, died March 17, 1841; VI. Joseph, born
January 2, l.blO, died in Philadelphia, Sep-
tember 13, 1880; VII. Mary, born August
7, 1818, died July 13, 1827; VIIL Matthew,
2, born December 20, 1821, died in June,
1824. :Matthew Cantwell died March i:i,
1824; his wife died November 15, 1852; both
were buried in the cemetery at Elktou, Md.

Thomas Cantwell, father of Charles II.
Cantwell, was born in Elktou, ^fd., and never
removed from Cecil count}-. He was a black-
smith and worked at his trade for many years,
subsequently, however, engaging in biisines^
as a drayman. He married ^lary A. Logan.
They had children and grandchildren as fol-
lows: I. Charles IL; 11. :\L;ry Jane (Mrs.
Herman JetTcrs), of Elktou, [Md., has cliil-
dren, i. ^Malvern, ii. Charles, iii. ilaiy, iv.
George, v. Florence; III. Eliza A. (ilrs. Wil-
liam Watson), of Elktou, ild., has one child,
Howard; IV. Ella (.Mrs. Frank B. Price), of
Elkton, Md., has children, i. Grace, ii. Kuth
C. TliouKis Cantwell died in Elkton, ^Id.
His widow married (icorgo Turner of Elk-
ton; they have no children.

Charles H. Cantwell lived in Elkton until
ho was thirteen years old, and until that time
was a pupil in the public schools. He worked
for a time at coach painting. In 1SG2 he
went to Philadelphia, and in 1SG3 entered
the service of the P., W. & P. P. P. Co., as
brakennui and was soon afterward promoted
to conductor on freight trains. In Juue,
1875, he was appointed a.'^sistiuit yardmaster
of the P., W. & B. P. P. at Wilmington, Del.,
and was made yardnuistcr in Jum^, 1883. ^[r.
Cantwell is a highly (■(unpetcnt railroad cm-

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I ' - . I

STATE OF DELAWARE

337

ployce and a respected and iisefnl citizen.
Jie is an honorary member of the
Yai'chaasters' Association of Pliiladelpliia;
and a member of the P. If. K. Relief Society,
of AVihningfon Lodge, No. 1, A. I). U. W'.,
and. of A\'inona Council, Xo. 1), Jr. (). U. A.
jr. lie is a Tiepnblican, but takes no acth'e
part iti ])olitical matters.

Charles K. Cantweil w:is inarried in AVil-
niington, to Anna J., daughter of IJenjamin
and Catharine (Biggs) King. Their eiiildren
are: T. Flora O., died in childhood; II.
I'carla King, a graduate of Wilmington High
school.

Jlr. and IMrs. Cantweil are consistent mem-
bers of the Delaware Avenue Baptist Church.
Mv. Cantweil has sei'\'e<.l as superintendent of
the Sabbath scliool, is now a teacher in tlu'
school, chairman of the State Sabbath School
Assix-iation, member of the Xew Castle
County Sabbath School Association and mem-
ber id' the board of directors of the Y. ]\I. C.
A. of Wihnington.

JAMES :\I. IIAIIRIXGTOX, Wilming-
ton, Del., son of George and Sarah iLaMiir)
Harrington, was born in West Dover, Kent
county. Did., December 9, 1855.

Ilis jiaternal ancestors were English by
birtli. 'idie original orthography of their
name was Iferrington. George !M. Harring-
ton, grandfather of James JI. Harrington,
was born in Kent county, Del., Jfay 5, 17'.)2,
and there engage^l in agricultural imrsuit.s
He married Jfiriam ililburu, of Kent countv,
Del.. April 24, 1812. They had children:
T. J..ln^; 11. Nathan; Ilf. Thomas; IV.
:Mary J.; V. iliriam; VI. William M. ; VII.
(ieorge; ^'IIl. James O. ]\Ir. Harrington
died in West Dover, Kent county, aged
sixty-four yeai-s.

fiecirge Harrington was born in Kent coun-
ty, Del. ..^September 9, 1830. He was en-
rolled as a pupil in the district schools during
the winter months, and in summer assisted in
the cultivation of the farm. When a young
man ho engaged in farming for himself, and
continued in that occupation until his death.
He lived for several years in Duck CViik
liundred, Kent county, Del., and s])ent the
latter jiart of his life in Queen Anne eo\infy,
l\Id. He married Sarah, daughter of A\'il-
liam an<l JIary LaJIar, of Kent county, Di 1.
They had children: T. James ?*I. ; II. ]\[iri;nii

'i\ (Mrs. George AV. !Money) of New Castle
county, Del.; III. Susan E., died in child-
hood; IV. William S., of Chester, Pa. Jlr.
Harrington died in Queen Anne county, Aid.,
December I'U^ IStlG.

James M. Harrington attendcil the public
schools of Smyrna, Del., and, upon compht-
ing the course there, learned carpentry, at
which he worked for several years. He was
for a time a traveling salesman, but returned
to his trade. On July 23, 1889, he secured
emplovment in the Wilmingt<;in shops of the
P., W'. & B. K. Iv. Co., and in 1894 was made
assistant foreman of the freight car construc-
tion department. This position he still holds.
Jfr. Ilamngton is a meudter of Orientil
lodge, No. 27, A. F. & A. AL, and of AVil-
mington lodge No. 1, A. O. U. AV. He is
a Kepublican.

On January 1(1, 1882, at :\[arydel, Del.,
James II. Harrington was married to Cora
(r., daughter of Powell F. and Anor G. Nick-
erson. They have children: I. Cora G.,
(Iic(l in infancy; IT. Emma G. Air. Ilamng-
ton and family attend the JI. E. church.

Powell F. Nickerson, father of ]\Ii-s. Har-
rington, was born in Kent county, Del., Alay
12, 1S29. He owned and superintended the
cultivation of a farm, and for a number of
years managed a brick and tile yard iu
Symrna. The greater part of his life, how-
e\er, was devoted to teaching scho(d. His
later ycai-s were spent with his daughter,
]\li-s. Harringtnn, in Wilmingtun. lie mar-
ried Anor (t., daughter of Jonathan S. and
Flizabctli Green, of Kent county, Del. They
had children: I. Cora G. (Airs. James AI.
Harringtiin); II. AVatson. Air. Nickerson
died in Wilmington, Alarch 23, 1889.

JAAIES KANE, AVilmington, Del., son of
Alanasses and Annie (1 learn) Ivane, was born
in Dungivcn, County LondondeiTy, Ireland.
December 25, 1859.'

His paternal and maternal ancestors
were b(jrn in Ireland. His grandfa-
ther, Paul Kane, lived and died
in County Londonderry, his birthplace. Ho
married Bridget .Mulholland and had cliil-
dren: L Patrick; II. Jane; III. Bridget;
IV. Manasses; Y. John; VI. Alary; A^I.
Hugh. All except Hugh are dead.

Alanasses Kane was born in Dungivcn, Ire-
land, and spent his life there, farming and

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338

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

raising cattle. He was twice married. II is
fii-st wife was Annie McElheney. They iiad
two children: I. Paul, of Philadelphia; II.
Bridget (Mrs. John Kane), of Couuty Lon-
donderry, Ireland. ^Irs. Kane died in Ire-
land in 18(30. ilanasses Kane's second wife
was Annie, daughter of John and
Bridget (Lynn) Hearn, of County Lon-
donderry. Tliey had children: I. Mary
(^Irs. ilaney), of Ireland; II. John,
of Ireland, married Mary Ilaney; III.
James; IV. Kosa, of Ireland; V. Annie, died
in early womanhood. Two children died in
infancy. ]\Ianasscs Kane and his wife both
died in Ireland in 1886.

John Ilearn, maternal gTandfather of
James Kane, and liis wife Bridget, were na-
tives of County Londonderry. They had
children: I. Patrick, of Ireland, a widower ;

II. ilary (Mrs. Buck) of Toronto, Canada ;

III. John, of Pittsburg, Pa., married ;

lY. Annie (Mrs. ilanasses Kane); V. Hugh,
of Oil City, Pa.; VI. Barney, died in Johns-
town, Pa., his family still reside in that city;
VII. Elizabeth (Mrs. Patrick Donovan), of
Oil City, Pa.; VIII. George, of Ireland; IX.
Joseph, of England; X. Bosa (Mrs. James
ilcLaughlin) uf Ireland. Mr. Ilearn died,
in Ireland, in 1S61.

James Kane was educated in the national
schools of County Londonderry and afterward
learned carpentry. His trade being acquired,
he went to Belfast, Ireland, and found em-
ployment there for a year. In December,
ISSO, when lie attained his majority, he came
to America. He landed in Xew York and
went inunediately to AVilmington where, af-
ter working at his trade for two months,, he
was employed in carriage building for ten
months. In ISSl he entered the employ of
the P., W. & B. R. II. Co. as a carpenter, and
on account of his skill and efficiency, was ad-
vanced, March 18, 1887, to the position
which he now holds, that of foreman in the
freight car scnstruction shop. j\Ir. Kane is a
member of the Catholic Benevolent Legion,
of the Ancient Order of Hibernians, of the
A. O. V. W., and of the P., AV. & B. Belief
Association. lie is an active Democrat, and
a progressive citizen, and is a 'member of the
municipal council for the fourth ward.

On February 14, 1880, in Dungiven, Ire-
land, James Kane was married to ^lary,
daughter of Thomas and Catharine (Tonuer)

Stewart, of County Londonderry. Mrs.
Kane was born in Dungiven, August 26,
1861. Their children are: I. John, born
December, 1880, died November 27, 1881;
II. Mary E., born May 31, 1882; III. Annie,
born February lit, 1884; IV. Katharine,
born April 10, 1886; Y. Howard S., born
January 10, 1888; Bessie Agnes, bom Sep-
tember 5, 188'J. ilr. Kane and family at-
tend St. Mary's R. C. church.

Thomas Stewart, father of ill's. James
Kane, was the ]iro{)rietor of a grocery store in
Dung-iven, Ireland. He was widely known,
and was a very popular man. He married
Catharine, daughter of Thomas and Cath-
arine (Siley) Tonner. They had children :

I. Catharine (JMi-s. John Ellis), of Fail- Oaks;

II. Edward, of New York City, mamed
twice, has two children; III. Mary (Mrs.
James Kane); IV. ilargaret (ilrs. Michael
ifcCloskey), of Fair Oaks, Cal.; Y. Martha
(Mrs. Joseph McCloskey), of Fair Oaks, Cal.,
has one child; YI. Thomas, of Ireland, mar-
ried Nancy ilcCloskey, has three children:
YII. Annie, of Ireland; VIII. Michael, of
New York City, inan-ied, and has one child,
ilr. Stewart died in Ireland, in 18!.»3; his
widoiv resides in Ireland.

LEWIS P. B. FAUST, Wilmington, Del.,
son of Henry and ilargaret W. (Cooper)
Faust, was boni in Wilmington, January 27,
1852.

The earliest of his ancestors of wdiom there
is a record is his great-great-grandfather on
the maternal side, Christopher Carr by name.
He was of English parentage, was bom in
Y'hitpain towiiship, Montgomery county.
Pa., in 1741, and always made his home
there. He was a paper manufacturer and fol-
lowed that business for many years. Y'hen
the thirteen colonies entered an anned pro-
test against English tyranny, he joined their
army and fought throughout the war. He
became a member of the Baptist church after
he had passed his hundredth year, and on the
occasion of his profession of faith, an wcur-
rence was witnessed that is probably unpar-
alleled. He was taken to the Y'issahickon^
creek, and there baptized according to the
forms of the church whose doctrines lie had
accepted, after more than a century of time
had whitened his locks and enfeebled his

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STATE OF DELAWARE

339

steps. He died near Chestnut Hill on a
peaceful Sunday evening, Decenibor 14,
1845.

John Faust, paternal grandfather of Lewis
P. B. Faust, was of Cjeruian ancestry. It is
believed that he .was born in ^Montgomery
county, Pa; lie is known to have been engaged
in paper making there during his bri(;f life-
time, lie married Catliariiie Freze, grand-
dauglitor of ( 'liristojiher Carr. 'i'hey had
children: I. Charles, deceased; II. Henry ;
III. William, of Dixon, 111., married
]\lalinda Ade; lY. Han-iet (Mrs. James ilc-
Intire), of AVilmington, whose husliaud was
killed in the war of the Rebellion. Jolni
Faust died when about thirty years old, from
the effects of a sunstroke.

Henry Faust, second son of John and
Catlierine Faust, was born in Montgomery
county, Pa., November 4, 1822, educated in
private schools in the same county, worked on
a farm until he was sixteen, and in 1839 be-
came an apprentice at cooperage. He canned
on tiie business of his trade until 1896, since
wliich time he has lived in retirement. He is
a resident of Wilmington. Henry Faust was
married in Philadelphia, December 23, 1847,
to ilargaret W., daughter of Thomas and
Elizabeth (ilorrison) Cooper; Mrs. Faust is
a native of ilaryland. Their children are:
I. Henry Atwood, died in childhood; II.
]\fary Kelton, also died in earlv life; III.
Lewis P. P.; IV. Ella P. (Mrs. Noah Cun-
ningliam); V. Kobert P., of Wilmington,
nnirried Alary Herlock; YI. William E.; VII.
Annie D. (Airs. William E. p]van).

Lewis P. B. Faust has always reside<l in
AVilmington. He attendwl the public scliool-i
here, and then entered the employ of the P., r
AV. & B. K. U. Co., as assistant to the store-
keeper. In 1867, after less than a year in
the store-keeper's office, he lieeame an appren-
tice in the machine shop of the comjiany.
AVhen he had aetiuired his trade, he remained
in the machine jliops and in October, 1881,
■was made a foreman of that department. The
duties of that position he is still discharging
with entire accejitabiiity to the company. He
is a member of Orieiital Lodge, No. 27, A. F.
and A. ]\1.; of Delta Chapter, No. 6, P. A.
!M. ; and of AVilmington Lodge, No. 1, A. ().
U. AV.

On August 27, 1876, Lewis P. B. Faust
was mari'ied to Kmma I'^rances, daughtr;' of

Stewart and Elizabeth Carlisle, of AVilming-
ton. They have children: I. Florence C. ;
II. Bertha, ilr. Faust and family attend the
.M. E. church.

THOAIAS FEPRY, AVi!mingl<m, Del.,
son of Thomas and Lydia ((Juuningliam)
Ferry, was born in Brandywine hundred,
New Castle county, Del., August 3, ISKl.

1'iiomas Ferry was boni in Ireland, and
came to America when a young man. His
first home was in ^Montreal, (Amada. He sub-
sequently removed to Delaware and engaged
in farming in Christiana and Brandywine
hundreds. New Castle county. He married
Lydia Cunningham, of Brandywine hundred.
Their children are: I. James, of AVashing-
ton, D. C. ; II. Catharine (Mi-s. Hugh
Iloughey) of Wrimingtdn, widow; III.
Thiimas, 2.

The early boyhood oi Thomas Ferry, 2,
was spent on the farm with his father. He at-
tended the jniblic schools of Brandywine hun-
dred and afterward learned coach-trinnning.
At this trade he was employed until 1873,
when he establishetl the Wilmington Carpet
( 'leaning AVorks, which he conducts at pres-
ent, ifr. Ferry is the inventor of the
"tuud)linf^- process." He is also the patentee
of a head-rest. Being of an inventive turn
of miiul, he is working on several other ar-
ticles originated by himself, uj)iin which he
hopes to obtain patents in the near future.
Mr. Ferry is a member of Wilmington Con-
clave, I. O. IL, and since 1859 has been con-
nected with the ' AVashiugton A''olunteer
steam fire engine company, of AVilmington.
In political matters he is a Democrat.

In 1877, in Wilmington, Thomas Ferry
was married to Annie, daughter of Alexis and
Catharine Barrell, of AVilniing-ton. Their
children are: I. Alfred IL, boni July 13,
1878; IT. Thomas, 3, born September 3,
1880; III. Frank J., b.irn Januiu-y 27, 1SS2;
I A^ Bertha M., born in ]\Iarch, 1884. :Mr.
Ferry and "family attend fit. Paul's P. C.
church.

JA^IES T. CPLBB, Wilmington, D.d.,
son of Janu's Mn<l Ellen (Stephens) Grubb,
was born in Wilmingon, New Castle county.
Del, January 10, 1840.

It is su])|)osed that James Orubl), grand-
father of James T. (Jrubb, was Ixirii in Alill

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340

BIOGKAPHIUAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Creek hundred, New Castle coiiiity, JJel.
The hitter part of his life was spent in ^Vil-
niington, iJel., where he was a siiecesst'ul
iiu'.v haiit, dealing in boots and shoes.

Mr. (jriibh's father, James Cirubb, second
son of James Grubb, was born in ,Mill Creek
hundred, New Castle county, Del., in 181:2.
lie was educated in the schools of ^Miil Creek
liuudred, and learned siiocmaking in his fa-
ther's establishment. After working at his
trade in Pittsburgh and in Philadelphia, Pa.,
Mr. Ginibb returned to Wilmington, L)el.,
and opened a store for the sale of boots and
shoes, on ifarket street, between Fourth and
Fifth street^s. Mr. (Jnibb was one of tiie
best-known merchants of Wilmington, where
he occupied the same stand for tiftj consecu-
tive years. lie was a good citizen, and was
highh' esteemed in the community. James
Grubb was mamed to Ellen Stephens. Their
children are: I. John S., died in ^lay, 1876;
II. James T. ; III. Kebecca, married George
Cleland, a merchant of AVilmington, Del.;
and two who died in childhood. Mr. Grubb
died at his honif in Wilmington, Del., in
1884; his widow died in ^lay, 1804.

James T. Gnibb's whole life has been
spent in Wilmington, Del. After serving
for some time in the Fifth and for one month
in the Seventh Regiment of the Delaware
Home Guanls, ilr. Grubb enlisted, in his
seventeenth year, ^in the Eiglith Delaware
Volunteers, and sened until the close of the
war of the Rebellion. lie took jiart in the
battles of Five Forks and of Gravelly Run,
and was present at the surrender of General
Robert E. Lee and his army, near Appomat-
tox Court House, April 9, 1SG5. ]\Ir. Grubb
is a member of the Republican party; he is a
successful merchant and is highly esteemed
in his native city.

On August 15, 1894, James T. Grubb was
married, at Elkton, ild., to ^lary, daiigiiter
of Andrew and Julia Casey, a native of Ire-
laiul. Their children are: I. Walter J., born
June 30, 1895; 11. Willard Andrew, born
June 22^1897.

DAVID LIISTDSAY, Wilmington, Del.,
son of Adam, 2, and Sarah D. (Lincoln)
Lindsay, was born in Norwich, Conn., Sejitcm-
ber J4, 1844.

Adam Lindsay, grandfather of David
Lindsay, was born in Sccjthuul, and was the

first of his family to come to America. He
settled in New York or New Jei*sey, about
]8;J0, and subsequently removed to Connecti-
cut. He was a papermaker, and worked iu
various nulls in Connerticut. Adam Lind-
say married Jean Hogarth, in Scotland.
Their children were: I. James, deceased;
II. Jean, deceased; IIL David, deceased; IV.
David, 2, deceased; V. ^Villiam, deceased;

XI. Janet, deceased; VI L Adam, 2, de-
ceased; VIII. Thomas, deceased; IX. Allan,
deceased; X. Rose T. (ilrs. William Luke),
of Wilmington; XL Alexander, decease<l;

XII. Arcliibahl, deceased. All, except Da-
vid, 1, Alexander and Archibald, grew to
manhood and womanhood. Adam Lindsay
died in Connecticut, in April, 1842.

Adam Lindsay, 2, was boi-n in Scotland,
^lay 24, 1817. His early life was spent in
his native laiul and there he received his edu-
cation and learned ])apermakiug. This occu-
pation he followed after his arrival in Amer-
ca, working in mills in Connecticut. Adara
Lindsay manied Sarah I)., daughter of Johu
and ]\Iullaney (Huntington) Lincoln, No-
vember 19, 1840. They had one child, David.
Mrs. Sarah Lindsay, who was born June 27,
181G, died in Connecticut, February 13,
184C. Mr. Lindsay died in Westville, Conn.,
in August, 1853.

David Lindsay spent his boyhood in Con-
necticut, where he was educated in public and
select schools, and learned paper-making at
the mills in ^lontville. In November, 1865,
he came to Wilmington and was employed in
the Augustine paper mills for six months.
He afterwards went to Rockland, Del., for a
short time, but returned t(j Wilmington and
re-entered the Augustine mills, of which he
was appointe^l manager, January 1, 1870, a
position which he still retains. He is one of
the progressive and popular citizens of his
adopted citv. ^Ir. Lindsay is a member of
Temple Lodge, No. 11, F. & A. M., of Wil-
mington, and of Brandy\vine Lodge, No. 8,
I. 0. 0. F. He is a Democrat.

On December 23, 1808, in Montville,
Conn., David Lindsay wa.s married to Ella A.,
daughter of Joseph and Sojihia (Minard)
Brumley. They have children: I. May Lin-
coln (^Irs. Harry L. Evans), of Wilmington,
born Novend)er'3, 1809; 11. Jennie B. (.Mrs.
T. Howard Lewis), of Albany, N. Y., born
October 24, 1871; HI. William Allan, born

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STATE OF DELAWARE

341

May 14, 1874; IV. Clara Jessup, bom Sep-
tember 1, 187(3; V. David, 2, born March 22,
1S70; VI. Ella K., died in infancy; VII.
Joseph Horace, born April 27, IS'JS; VIII.
Sarah ^1., born March 4, lSb8, died in in-
fancy. -.Mr. Lindsay and his family attend St.
Andrew's P. E. church. -Mr. Lindsay is tlio
treasurer of the church and a member of the
vestry.

THOMAS W. SillTir, Wilmington, Del.,
son of James H. and Evelina (.Murdoch)
Smith, was born in Wilmington, July 4,
1S44.

Ilii paternal ancestors were Scotch and
Engbsh. The first of this family to settle iu
Maryland (as far as there is record) was Wil-
liam Smith. He bequeathed to his son, John
Smith, the land on which the to\vii of Elkton
is built.

William Smith, grandfather of Thomas W.
Smith, was a native of Kent county, Md.,
where he spent his entire life, devoting him-
self to fanning. He had five children: I.
James IL, deceased; II. Susan, widow of
Daniel Thomas; III. William T., deceased;
IV. Sarah, deceased; V. David, deceased.

James II. Smith was born in Kent co\iuty,
Md., iu ]\Iarch, 1814. He spent his boyhood
there, was educated in the public schools and
learned the trade of a mill-wright under the
instruction of Mr. Wiley, of Kent county.
AftenviU-ds, he removed to Baltimore and
worked at his trade in Ellicott's mills. About
1844 he came to Wilmington and was em-
ployed by the P., W. & B. li. R. Co.
for seven years, after which ho removed
to Alexandria, Va., where he was engaged as
foreman ctf bridge builders, on what is now
known as the Virginia Midland railroad.
About 1858, Mr. Smith went to Philadelphia
and establisl'.ed himself there as a contractor
for the construction of bridges. He erected
in that city the first Girard Avenue bridge,
and rebuilt the wire bridge at Callowhill
street, and also the Callowhill street round-
house for the R P. P. Co. About 1S.51) he
purchased a farm near Elkton, Cecil county,
Md., where his family spent a part of each
year, the remainder being passed in Wilming-
ton. James H. Smith marrieil Evelina,
daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth ]\Iurdock,
born in Kent county, ]\rd., and of Scotch an-
cestry. They had children: I. Thoniiis \V.;

II. Anna (Mi-s. Oliver Dashiell), deceased;

III. JJavid, died in childhood; IV. Eva (Mrs.
James File), of Aberdeen, Hartford county,
Md.; V. Edward C, of Wilmington, married
Phoebe ISlackston. -Mr. Smith died on his
farm in (Jecil county, ]\lay 1^, 187D.

Thonuis W. Smith spent his eariy life in
foiu- states, Delaware, ^Maryland, Pennsylva-
nia and Virginia. He was educated in select
schools in Wilmington and in Elkton, -Md.
In the fall of 1SG4 he entered the shops of the
P., W. A: B. R. 11. Co. to learn carpentry and
bridge building. With the exception of four
years, he has been in the employ of the com-
pany since he became an api)rcntice in its
shops. In 1871 he was made foreman of car in-
spectors at Lamokin and in October, 1878,
was ])romoted to the position of foreman of
car inspectoi-s of the west yard at AVilming-
ton, and at Edgemoor. He is verj' efficient in
his dei)artment, and his ser^^ces are highly
appreciated by the railroad company. Mr.
Smith is a member of Oriental Lodge, No.
27, F. & A. :\L, Washington Lodge, No. 1,
K.'of P., and Delaware Lodge, No. 1, I. O.
O. F. In polities he is independent.

On April f>, 18G8, in Wilmington, Thomas
W. Smith was married to Elinira IL, daughter
of Eli and Sarah A. (Tindall) Todd, of Wil-
mington. They have five children: I. Eva;
IL Mary -\.; III. J. Tliomas, dweascd; IV.
W. Ix'vin; V. Nowland. ]\Ir. Smith and his
family attend the Baptist churcli.

JOSEPH W. IIEAPN, Wilmington, Del.,
son of Winder and Charlotte -V. (Culder)
Ilearn, was bora in Little Creek hundred, Sus-
sex county, Del., December 23, 1S49.

The Ilearn family is among those recorded
as early settlers of Sussex county. Winder
Ilearn,' father of Joseph W. Heam, was born
in Little Creek huTidred, March 14, 1817, and
was engagcnl in farming in that hundred,
until the time of his death. He was maiTied
four times. His first wife was Leah Waller.
They had children; I. Elizabeth E. (:\[rs.
Burton Culder); II. Frances (ilrs. William
Ellis); III. Samuel S., married Georgiana
Ilichins, and after her death, Emma Par-
sons; IV. Salli.' A. (:Mrs. William :Marvel);
V. Joseph AV., died in childhood. Winder
Ilearn's second wife was Charlotte -\. Culder,
born in Sussex county, Del., who died leaving
three children: I. Josej)!! W.; II. Laura E.,

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342

BIOGRAPnWAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

died young; III. Minas B., married Ella Har-
nioiison. j\lrs. Charlotte A. J learn died 18 — .
The third wife of Mr. Ilearn wa-s ^laiy, widow
of Elijah Ilitehius. They had children: I.
"William ^M., married Emma Windsor; II.
Charlotte, died in infancy. After the death
of his thirtl wife, ilr. Ilearn was married to
^fary, widow of Elijah Davis. ^Mr. Ileani
died'Octoher 2, 1890.

Joseph AV. Ilearn remained on the home-
stead farm until he was nineteen years old.
Then, having acquired an education in the
jjubliu schools of the iieighburhood, he se-
cured employment in ^laryland, in laying
track for the Queen Anne county
railroad. Suliscipieiitly he went to Dor-
chester county, ild., and was similarly
engaged -on the Cambridge & Scaford
railroad. Then he returned to the Queen
Anne county railroad and assisted in
putting down the track for the Kent county
(Aid.) railroad. After this work was com-
pleted Mr. Ilearn went to iljddletown, Del.,
and entered the employ of the P., W. & E.
R. II. Co., in whose service he has spent the
past twenty-five years. lie is now foreman of
the bi-idgc department of the railroad and a
niasterlv workman. i\Ir. Ilearn is a member
of Iiidiistry Lodge, No. 2, A. O. IT. AV., of
AVilmington, and of the P. R. R. Relief Asso-
ciation. He is a Republican.

On September 12, 1872, in Delmar, Del.,
Joseph AV. Ileam was married to ilargaret
Y., daughter of Robert and Catharine
(iloore) A'enable, of Sussex county, Del.
They have two children: I. Edith May (Airs.
John AV. Ilearn), of AVilmington; II. Erne^^t
11. ilr. Ilearn and family attend the it. E.
church.

EDMUND B. FRAZER, AVilmington,
Del., son of John and Injtiber (Stidhani) Fra-
zer, was born near AVilmington, Del., Decem-
ber 12, 1833.

His grandfather, James Frazer, was a na-
tive of the north of Ireland and was bom in
County Armagh about 1745. Forty years
later he came to America and made a home
for himself near New Castle, Del. There he
engaged in farming. He married Sarah Barr,
who was born in Delaware, of Irish parentage.
They had children as follows: I. William,
married Elmira Stidham, died in lii> eighty-
£cventh year, had three children, uue of whom

is deceased; II. Samuel, man-ied Emeline
J\IcRoy, died at the age of ninety-three, had
ten children, seven of whom are deceased; III.
Mary (Airs. Ebenezer Boyd), died at Oxford,
Pa., at the age of eighty-tivc; IV. Jane (Airs.
Jdshna Jackson), died near Elkton, ^Iil., iu
her seventy-sixth year, had five children,
three of whom are deceased; Joshua Jackson
ilied in his eighty-seventh year; V. John; VI.
JamesX., married Emily Davis, died at the age
of sixty-eight, had nine children, two of whom
are deceased; A^II. Thomas, married Harriet
L. IvOve, of New Jersey, died at the age of
eighty-one. All the children were born in
New Castle county, and, with the exception
of James and Emily Frazer, the deceased
members of the family were buried iu the
(ilasgow Presbyterian gTaveyard. James
Frazer died in New Castle county in his
eighty-ninth year; his wife died in her eighty-
fourth 3'ear.

John Frazer, father of Edmund B. Fra-
zer, was born in New Castle county, January
G, 1S()(), and remained in that county through-
out his life. He was a fanner and a Demo-
crat, as were his brothei-s-

John Erazer married Injuber Stidham,
of AVilmington, New Castle cuunty, whose
mother was iliss Britton, of New Castle coun-
ty, Del. Their children are: I. Edmund B. ;
II. 'Mary (]\Irs. Davidson Pierce), had chil-
dren, i. Rebecca (]\Irs. Richard T. Canu), of
Kirkwood, Del., ii. John Frazer Pierce, M.
D., of Albuquerque, N. AL, iii. Addie, died
aged eighteen; III. Sarah B. (Airs. D. Brain-
ard Ferns), deceased, had children, i. Susan,
married Prof. AVard, of AVestminster, ]\Id., ii.
Charles, marrie<l ]\Iiss ]\IcAVooter, of ]\Iiddle-
town, Del., iii. Catherine, a nurse in the Johns
Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, ]\IJ., iv. I).
Brdinard, Jr., a clerk in the employ of the II.
eV: II. Company, shipbuilders, AVilmington,

Del., V. Injuber (Mrs. John M. ), of

Chester, Pa., had one daughter who died in
childhood; IV. Catharine II., decease*.!; V.
Samuel S., of California; \"I. John IL; A^II.
Elmira, died in her ninth year; A^III. Inju-
ber, deceased; IX. Isaac S., a farmer, N^ew
Castle county. John Frazer died on his farm,
March 12, isS7; his widow died Alay 15,
1887, in her seventy-ninth year; they were
buried in Glasgow Presbyterian churchyartl.
]\Ir. Frazer was a member of the Presbyterian
denomination and a trustee of the Clasgow
church.

11

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STATE OF DELAWARE

34a

Ediiamd B.Frazer was born three miles from
A\'iliiaiiglon. lie was tHliicated in the Acad-
emy and College at Xewark. In 1855, when
he had complete<l Ins collegiate course, he en-
gaged in mercantile pursuits in Ghusgow. In
1S57 he disposed of his store and went to Dii-
bucpie, Iowa. The first 3'ear in that western
state ho tiinght school. In 1858 he walked to
Dakofa, making the journey through Iowa.
He traversed twenty-four counties and at the
end of his long trip was si.xty miles west of
the ^lissouii river. The entire distance
traveled was 450 miles, and the time con-
sumed, fourteen days. The ne.xt year he
walked 900 miles. Early in 1801 'Sir. Frazer
returned to Delaware and in February be-
came a salesman with • William 15. Sharp,
Fourth and Market streets, Wilmington. In
July, 1805, he purchased Sir. Sharp's store
and contlucted it for three years. In lStl9 he
established himself as an auctioneer, on Ship-
ley street, below Third, where he remained
for one year. In 1871 ilr. Frazer was ap-
j)ointed justice of the peace for Wilmington,
for seven years. At the exfiiratiou of his term
he became a real estate broker. At the end of
one year, in the fall of 1878, he was appointed
clerk of the city council of Wilmington, and
scn'od three years in that capacity, ami during
that period, by \'irtue of his office, acteil as
secretary of the Board of Health. In 1881
he was elected secretary of the Board and
registrar of births, marriages and deaths for
five years. In ^lay of 1884, he was apjiointed
secretary of the State Board of IIc»alt!i, which
position he still retains, ilr. Frazer is a mem-
ber of Washington Lodge, No. 1, F. & A. ]\I.,
of Wilmington. He is a Democrat, and as the
representative of his party, has held the office
of inspector at thirty elections.

On Decendier 12, 1SG5, in Philadelphia,
Ednumd B. Frazer was married to Catharine
II., daughter of Peter and Elizabetii S[)ringer.
Of their children one is living, Elizabeth S.
(ifrs. George I. Spear), of Wilmington, whose
husband is a slate roofer. Mrs. Catharine
Frazer died September 10, 1893. Edmund B.
Fra/.er was married in Wilmington, ]\[ay 9,
1894, to .Mary E., daughter of John and Eliza
Pass and widow of Taylor Wood. Sir. Frazer
is a member of the Presbyterian church.

The Stidham family, of which Edmund B.
Frazer's mother was a member, was of Swed-
ish origin, and among the original sctth'r.-.

Land in ISTew Castle county was gi-anted the
first Stidham by patent, and tlie grandfather
of ^Ii-s. John Frazer assisted in the building of
the Old Swedes' ciiurch.

CHABLES H. FITZCERALD, Wilming-
ton, Del., sou of Ezekiel and Elizabeth (Mills)
Fitzgerald, was born in ^Milford hundred,
Kent county, Del., May 15, 1853.

Ezekiel Fitzgerald was the son of George
and Elizabeth Fitzgerald, and both he and his
wife, Elizabeth Mills, were natives of Kent
county, Del. They had children: I.George
E., newspaper editor in Hannibal, Mo.; II.
David, of Cedar Creek hundred, Sussex
county, Del.; III. Ezekiel, of Cedar Creek
hundred; IV. John U., of Cedar Creek hun-
dred; V. Charles IL; VI. James IL, of Chris-
tiana hundred, New Castle county, Del.; VII.
Joshua R., of Wilmington. Ezekiel Fitzger-
ald was born March 29, 1819, and died in
Kent county, Del., March 17, 1878. ^Irs.
Fitzgerald resides in l\rilford.

Charles IL Fitzgerald spent the first fifteen
years of his life in .Milford hundred, wliere-
he attended school and worked on the farm.
He completed his school course in Cedar
Creek hundred, Sussex county, and was en-
gaged in farming there until 1883, when he
removed to Wilmington, and was employed
by the Jackson & Sharp Co. for eleven years.
Four years ago he established the Ideal A.rt
school, of Wilmington, and is still its proprie-
tor. -'^ '

On November 12, 1888, in Camden, N. J.^
Charles B. Fitzgerald was married to Anna
L., daughter of James and Ann (Taylor) An-
derson. They have one chiM, -Mary Paine,,
born July 9, iS97. Mr. Fitzgerald and family
attend the SI. E. church.

The jiarents of Mrs. Fitzgerald were born in
South ]\Iurderkill hundred, Kent county, DeL
James Anderson, the father of ]\Irs. C. IL
Fitzgerald, was born in 1810, and died in
1890. His father was Ilemian Anderson, son
of ^lajor Anderson, of Bevolutionary fame,
and his mother was Elizabeth Taylor, daugh-
ter of William Taylor, and granddaughter of
Col. John Taylor, also a Bevolutionary sol-
dier. William Taylor fought in the war of
1S12. Anna (Taylor) Andersun was born in
1818, and died in 1892. Her father was a
son of Williajn. and a brother of Elizabeth
Taylor; her motiier, ^larj- Paine, was a daugh-

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344

BIOGRAFIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ter of Thomas Paine, who was of Eugli=h
pareutago, and a direct descendant of Tlionuis
Paine, celebrated in llevolutionary times.
Ilcr grandmother was of Dutch descent, and
was born on tlie liigh seas, under the Kiiglisli
Hag. James and Ann Anderson were mar-
ried in Camden, DeL, in 1S40. Tlieir chil-
dren are as follows: I. William T. ; II.
Thomas P.; III. J. Franklin, died L)e(;einber
1, 1871); IV. Mary P. (iMrs. C. M. Buckmas-
ter); V. Sallie A. (Mrs. A. II. Matthews); VI.
Anna L. (Mrs. Charles H. Fitzgerald).

WARREN HARPER, Philadelphia, Pa.,
son of 'i'iiomas Stewart Harper and Eliza
(ILazel) Ilai-per, was born at Leipsie, Kent
county, Del., July 21, 184G.

Warren Harper's grandfather, Joseph Har-
per, was a native of Kent county, Del., and
resided all his life near Leipsie, devoting must
of his time to farming. Joseph Harjier was
married to Eliza, daughter of John and Eliza-
beth (Griffin) AVarren, both of whom were
natives of Kent county, Del. Their ehildren
were: I. Thomas Stewart Ilaqicr; II. .Mar-
garet, who died in childhood. Joseph Har-
per died in 1827, and was buried on tlie home-
stead farm near Leipsie. His widow man-ied
J. Lindale of the vicinity of Frederiea, Kent
county, Del., and they had one child, John
Wesley Lindale, who resides at Clenwood,
Ind. Mi-s. Lindale died about 1832, and was
buried in the Warren burying ground be-
tween Dover and Frederiea, Del.

Thomas Stewart Harper, son of Joseph and
Eliza (Wan-en) Harper, and father of "Warren
Harper, was born August 23, 1823, on the
homestead near Leipsie, Del., where he lived
until he was about iifteen years of age. After
his mother's death, he left his step-father's
house, and went to live with a relative, Charles
Irons. A short time later, he went to anotlier
relative, Charles Harper, at Leipsie, Del., who
gave him some education and afterwards took
him int(j liis store as a clerk. In his twenty-sec-
ond year, he manied Elizabeth Hazel, a!ul
then went into the mercantile business vni\\
liis brother-in-law, Thomas P. Haze], under
the firm Tiame of Hazel & Harper, which bu.-^i-
ness he followed for about four yeai-s. He
then sold his interest to his partner and be-
gan fanning, which he continued, with an in-
terval of a year or two, till lS(i3, when he en-
Msted in Company F, Sixth Delaware Volun-

teers, serving as first lieutenant. He was
with his regiment till it was honorably mus-
tered out of the service, and then returned to
private life. For the next two years, he was
a commission mercliaiit in I'hiladelphia, Fa.,
during the fruit season. Frt^mi ISO.") to 1577
he was teller in the Fii-st National Rank of
Dover. After the second suspension, being
dissatisfied \\'ith the reinstatement of the
cashier, he resigned his position. He then
resumed mercantile business in Dover, Del.,
and continued in the same for about two
years. At the time of his death, which oc-
curred March 28, 1882, he was U. S. mail
agent between Philadcliihia. Pa., and Cris-
field, Md.

Thomaa S. Harper was married in Phila-
delphia, November 1, 1844, by the Rev. Levi
Scott, afterward a bishop of the ]\I. E. church,
to Elizabeth Hazel, daughter of James and
ilargaret (Kirkley) Hazel. She was a lineal
descendant of Sir James Hazel. Their chil-
dren were: I. Warren; II. Joseph Henr}', born
at Leijisic, Del., July 14, 1850, married Eliza-
beth Pratt, and lives in Dover, Del.; III.
Elizabeth, born near Leipsie, Del., February
13, 1853, is unmarried and lives in Pliiladel-
phia; IV. Thomas, born at Leipsie, Del., Au-
gust 9, 1855, married Anna C. Anderson, is
now a wholesale produce commission mer-
chant in Dock St., Philadelphia; V. Laura,
born near Leipsie, Del., August 2G, 1S57,
married Dr. Jesse Godley, of Trenton, N. J.,
where she now lives; VI. ilargaret, bom near
Leipsie, Del., June G, 18G0, mamed F. W.
Harrold, and is now li\ang in Philadelphia,
Pa.; VII. W. B. Harper, born at Leipsie, Del.,
October 4, 18G3, and died in ehildhooil.

Thomas S. Harper, fatlier of Warren Har-
per, died at Dover, Del., ^larch 28, 1SS2, and
was buried at Dover, Del. His body was after-
wards removed to the Riverview Cemeteiy,
Wilmington, Del. His wife, Elizabeth
(Hazel) Harper, died in Camden, N. J., Jan-
uary G, ISKG, and was buried in the River-
view cemetery, Wilmington, Del.

Warren Har]>er was e<lucated in the pub-
lic school at Leipsie, Del. At the age of
sixteen, he entered the dnig store of David
F. Burton at Dover, Delaware, and f(jr four
years wa5. engaged there and in the drug store
in Pliiladelphia. In 1SG3 he enlisted in Com-
pany F, Sixth Delaware Volunteers, sjerving
for nine months, at the end of which time

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STATE OF DELAWARE

34&

flie regiment was mustered out of the service.
Ill 1804, he re-eiilijited in the Seventh Dehi-
ware Volunteers, known as an Emergency
Kegiment, and served with it till it was mus-
tered out of service. From 1SG8 to 1871,
lie was station agent of the Delaware K. 11.,
at Dover, Del., after which he fonncd a part-
nership _with Mv. George W. Baker, under
tiie tirm name of IIaq)er & ]3aker, doing a
large mercantile business in agricultural iui-
plements, machinery, coal, &c., at Dover, Del.
This tirm was well known and successfully
conducted until 1879, when ilr. Harper sold
his interest to ^Ir. ]5aker, and removed to
Wilmington, Del., where he established tlie
firm of Warren Harper & Co. Here he con-
tinued to do a large and profitable business
in the same line as he had handled at Dover,
Del., until the year 1884, when Mr. Harper
sold out the business, and established the firm
of Warren Harper & Ero., wholesale produce
comniission merchants, at A\'ilmington, Del.
After condui'ting a very large and successful
business in this line for about four yeare, the
firm of AVarren Hai-per & Bro., desiring a
larger field of operation, in 1888 transferred
their business to Philadelphia, Pa., and con-
tinued it under the same name until 1891.
Warren Harper then sold his interest in the
whcilesale ]iroduce commissian business, au.l
established the present firm of Rouillut it Co.,
brokers in stocks, grain, &c., in Philadelphia,
Pa.

Politically, ^Ir. Harper is a Republican, as
was his father, Thonnis S. Har|)er; and to
digress a little, it might be well to add, his
father was originally a Whig, and voted with
that l)arty till it merged into the American
party; he was one of the very first in Jvent
county, Del., to become a Republican in poli-
tics, and continued a strong and active one
till his death in 1882. Wan-en Harper is a
member of the Philadelphia Society of Sons
of J )elaware, and is serving his second term
as one of the governors of the same; he is also
a member of the Order of Sparta, of the Hep-
tasopiis, the A. O. U. AV., the C A. R., the
American Union, &c.

Warren Harper was married at Dover,
Kent county, Del., July 21, 1SG8, by the Rev.
J. H. Light'burn, of the if. E. Church, to An-
nie Davidson, who was born in Philadolphiaj
Pa. Their children are: I. William Warren,
burn at Dover, Del., August 2G, ISO'.), di.d

at Dover, July 20, 1870; II. Lillie, born at
Dover, Del., June 9, 1871, is now living with
her parents in Philadelpliia; III, Heniy
Thomas, born at Dover, Del., July 14, 1874,
now living with his parents in Philadelphia;
IV. AVarren Davidson, born at Dover, Del.,
]\ray 23, 1878, diwl at Wilmington, Del., May
22, 1880; V. Anna Harper, born at Wilming-
ton, Del., October 1, 1880, living with her
parents in Philadelphia, Pa.

Z. JAMES BELT, Wilmington, Del., soa
of the late William and Malvina E. (Duley)
Belt, was born in Wilmington, October 26,
1832.

His grandfather, James Belt, was a farmer.
William Belt, son of James Belt, was born ^
in Anne Arundel county, ild.. May 19, 1801, '
and died in Wilmington, Del., February 8,
lS8(j. His business was that of an iron
moulder. He was in earlier years a Whig,
and upon the change of party names and prin-
ciples, became a Ivepublican. WillLani Belt
married Malvina E. Duley, born in ]\Iont-
goniery county, I^Id., October 22, 1807, died
in Wilmington in 1800. Their children are-
as follows: I. Z. James; 11. Amanda ^I.
(ifi-s. W. A. Williamson), deceased; III.
]\rary Frances (Mrs. Henry F. Morrow); IV.
William, deceased; X. Elizabeth Ellen (Mrs.
Richard H. Ramsey), deceased; VI. William
Engle, deceased, married Mary Hammond;
VII. Virginia, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. AVil-
liam Belt were members of the Methodist
church.

After receiving his education in the public
and private schools of Chester, Pa., and Wil-
mington, Del., Z. James Belt began his busi-
ness career as a student of pharmacy in the
drug store of the late Edward Bringhurst, of
Wilmington, January 13, 1847. On January
1, 1857, ke entered into partnership with Eel-
ward Jiringliurst, Jr., and FerrLs Bringhurst,
sons of Mr. Belt's former employer; the firm
name was E. Bringhurst & Co., Pharmacists.
Their business soon became extensive aud
profitable. In 1877, ^h. Belt became sole
imijirictor of the establishment, which has
crmtinued to increase in prosperity. ]\lr.
Belt's integrity and business ability are well
known aTul appreciated in the community.
He is one of the managers of the Wilmington
Savings Fund Society, and a director of the
First Xational Bank of AVilmington. ilr.

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340

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Belt is an adherent of the TJepiihlican party,
and a member of A. O. U. AV.

Z. James ]3olt was married, January 13,
1S59, in Wihnington, DeL, to ^[ar\' .1.,
ilangliter of Jolin and Ann K. (Kecd) I'enna-
well. She was Ijorn April 3, 183 l, in Milford,
Del., and died August 1, 1801. Their cliil-
, dren are: I. ifellio P.; II. Edward Ferris;
these two died in infancy; III. llarriettPenna-
well (Mrs. Samuel Augustus Stevens), of
Portland, Me., wliere she resides; ]\Ir3. Ste-
vens is a writer of marked ability, known to
the world as Karrictt Pcnnawell Belt, whose
two novels, "^farjorie Huntington" and ''A
ilirago of Promise,'' have been published by
Lipi)incott 6c Co.; IV. James Ferris, doing
business as a pharmacist in Covington, Ky.,
flnd married to Eleanor Burke^ of that city.

John Pennawell, son of Charles and ]\Iary
Pennawell, and father of ^Irs. Belt, was born
in Sussex coimty, Del., January 4, ISOG, and
died in 1891 j he was a ship carpenter. His
■wife, Ann Iv. Peed, daughter of James and
Mary Peed, was born near Jlilford, Del., Oc-
tober 20, 1807, and died in ISoS. Tiieir chil-
dren are: I. William J.; 11. Harriett A.; III.
!Mary J.; IV. F. James; the only survivor of
the family is William J. Pennawell. The
family were ^lethoilists.

In 1895, Z. James Belt was married to
ifary J. (Gray) Beggs, a widow, born in
^Moundsville, W. Va. Her father, Walter
Gray, deceaseil, was a native of County
Armagh, Ireland, a farmer and merchant, and
a member of the Methodist church. His wife,
who survives him, is !Mrs. Amanda (Moss)
Gray, who was born at White Post, Va. Mr.
Belt is a member of the M. E. church, and
has been treasurer and one of the trustees of
Grace Church for more than a quarter of a
century.

EDWAPD YOUNG PAPSONS, AVil-
mington, Del., son of Lewis and Ann E.
(Young) Parsons, was born in Delaware coun-
ty, Pa., July 21, 1840.

His ancestors on the paternal side were
Welsh. His grandfather, Samuel Parsons,
came to America from Wales in ISOO. He
was a soldier in the war of 1812, and was
killed in battle in 1314. By both his grand-
mothers, ifr. Parsons is lineally descended
from the Great Tribe of Six Nations, Indians
•of the st-ates of New York and Ohii>. 1 lis ma-

ternal grandmother was the daughter of one
of the sons of Chief Young, of the SLx Na-
tions.

Lewis Parsons was born in Chester county,
Pa., August 22, 1812, received a good com-
mon school education and followed agricul-
tural pursuits in that county during his early
life. In 1848 he removed to Wilmington,
Del., and was for some time in the emjiloy
of the P., W. & B. P. P. Co. He was a ±inn
adherent of the Democratic party. Lewis
Parsons married, October 12, 1837, Ann
Eliza, daughter of Jesse and Eliza Young,
of Delaware county. Pa. They had children
as follows: I. ^lary Ann (Mrs. William
Wyel), of Wilmington, widow; J I. Edward
Young; III. .Morris L., died at the age of
nine; IV. Lewis, died when three years old.
Mr. Parsons died January 17, 1878, and his
widow May 10, 1888, aged seventy-eight
j'ears. ^Ir. Parsons was nearly all his life
a member of the Baptist church.

Edward Young Parsons received his early
education in Delaware county. Pa., ajid in
Wilmington. His parents removed to this
city when he was eight years old, and wlien
he was twelve he became a clerk in a china-
ware store. Later he secured employment in
a confectionery establishment, and soon after-
wards entered the office of the Delaware
Gazette. On April 2, 1855, he apprenticed
himself to the machinist trade in the siiops
of the P., W. & B. P. P. Co., and worked
nine months in the boiler department, and
five years in the machine shops. In April,
ISGO, Mr. Parsons was assigned to a ijosition
as fireman on a locomotive, and in ^larcii,
1802, was promoted to engineer. He was a
thorough mechanic and faithful employee,
and quickly gained the esteem and confidence
of his superiors. He is now engineer of the
New York and Washington express between
Philadelphia and AVashington, and is the old-
est and one of the most competent engineers
in the company's service.

He is a member of tlie Brotherhood of Lo-
comotive Engineers, of the Pennsylvania Pail-
road Pelief Association and of Lafavette
Lo<lge, No. 14, F. & A. M.

On September 27, 1800, Edward Young
Parsons was maiTied to Pachel S., daughter of
John T. and Elizabeth Hyatt, of AViimington.
Their children are: I. Anna Eliza (]\Irs.
Charles D. Hartman), of AViimington; H.

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1 /: 1/^

STATE OF DELAWARE

347

Harry Askew, machinist in the employ of the
P., W. ^<c U. K. K. Co. ; III. .Morris Llewellyn,
locomotive engineer, 1*., W. A: 13. R. 11.; IV.
Jennie Kstelk (Mrs. Harry E. Dugan), of
Wilmington; V. Etlward K., machinist in the
emjiloy of P., \V. A: B. R. R. Co.; VI. Eleanor
RanettJi, at home; VII. Elsie May, at home.
Mr. I'arsons and his family attend the Second
]5ai)tist church.

Redmile and his family attend the M. E.
church, lie resides at Xo. 510 West Fourth
street, Wilmington.

ALFRED ATTER REDillLE, Wilming-
ton, Del., son of Thomas and Sarah (Alter)
Redmile, was born in Lincolnshire, England,
Kovember lU, 18-14.

Ilis father was a native of England, and a
carpenter by trade. In February, 1652, he
brought his family to America, and settled 'n
New Castle county, Del., where he found em-
ployment at his trade until his death, which
occcurred in 1S92.

Alfred Alter Redmile was educated in the
schools of Lincolnshire and of New Castle
county, Del. AVhen he was eighteen yeiu-s
old, he secured a position as brakeman on the
Delaware division of the P., W. &, P. R. R.
After eight mouths of service in that capacity,
he became fireman, and three years later, in
1SG7, was made an engineer. In 1S(J',I ilr.
Redmile became a passenger engineer on the
"Wilmington cV Northern railroad. Two
years later, he returned to the Delaware di-
vision of the P., AV. & B., ami remained there
until ISSl, when he was trausfen-ed to the
^laryland division, where he remained for
seventeen years. He is now an engineer on
the Xew York and Wilmington Express be-
tween Philadelphia and Washington. ^Ir.
RlmIuuIc is a member of Lodge No. 20, F. Ar
A. ^l., and of Lodge No. 1, A. O. U. W., of
Wilmington.

On :\Iay 13, 1808, Alfred After Redmile
was married to !Minerva, daughter of Jose))h
and Sarah Weatherby, born October 5, 1S4!J;
her jiarenta were natives of New Jersey. Mr.
and !Mrs. Redmile have children: I. Jolin
W., born March 8, 1869, book-keeper and
cashier for Armour & Co., Philadeli)hia; II.
Harriet B. (ilrs. Lawrence Crow), of Wash-
ington, D. C. ; III. Josephine W. (.Mrs.
George F. Lowry), of Wilmington, Del.; IV.
Minerva (ilrs. R. Edward Hayes); V. Alfred
After, Jr., born December 5, 1878; VI.
Charles X., born Mav 27, 1880, died Juno 1(1,
1881; VII. Lula .Nl.; VIIL Sarah A. ^\v.

JAMES MURPHY, 019 East Fourth St.,
Wilmington, Del., son of John and Cathe-
rine (C(idy) :\liirphy, was born in County
Carlyle, Ireland, July 28, 18-18.

His grandfatlier was Pierce Murphy, a
ship builder of Newfoundland who emigrateil
to Ireland, and there became landlord of a
public house. John ]\Iurphy, father of James
Murphy, was born in County Carlyle, Ireland.
He married Catherine Cody, born in the same
county, and came to America in 1850, mak-
ing his home in Wilmington, Del, wliere he
established himself in business as a coal deal-
er. He died May 1, 1888.

James Murphy was eight years old when
he came to this country. He was immediately
entered as a pupil in the public schools of Wil-
mington and remained there until 1802
when he secured a position as fireman on tha
P., W. & B. R. R. Four years later he was
promoted to engineer, and is now in charge
of one of the New York and Washington clc-
press trains between Philadelphia and Wash-
ington. He is a member of the Brotherhood
of Locomotive Engineers. On April 20, 1800,
James .Murphy was married to Eliza, dauoh-
ter of Patrick Duify, cf Wilmington. They
had fourteen children, of whom the survivors
are: I. :\Iary (Mrs. John Siiearon), of Wil-
mington; II. James Francis; III. John J
fireman on the P., W. A: B. R. R. ; IV. Eliza-
beth (Mrs. William Hayes), of Wilmington;
V. George, brakeman on the P., W. & B. r!
R.; VI. William; VIL Margaret, at homej
VIIL Edward, at home. Mrs. James Miir-
idiy is deceased. :Mr. :Murphy and family are
membei-s of St. Mary's R. C. church.

Janies Francis ]\Iurphy, of 500 East Fourth
St., Wilmingtun, Del., was born in Wilming-
ton, December 5, 1808, son of James and
Eliza (Duffy) ]\lurphy. He was educated in
the public schools of Wilmington, and when
eleven years old secured a situation in a car
wheel foundry. Afterwards he was employed
by the Kennebec Ice Co., and in 1885 entered
the service of the P., AV. & B. R. R. Co. as
fireman. In June, 1892, he was promoted to
engineer, and now runs on the Maryland di\d-
sion of the road. He is a member of the
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. On

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348

BIOGBAPIJICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

October 27, 1891, James Francis Murphy was
iiiaiTicd to ilary E., daughter of Mark O'Day,
of AViluiington. Their children are: 1.
James; II. Albert; III. Jlary. j\Ir. ^lurphy
and family are members of St. ilary's Iv. U.
church.

EDWARD JA.MES GORDON, Wil-
mington, Del., son of James and J\Iary (^Irm-
strong) Gordon, was boru in Wilmington,
Sei)tember 8, 18C5.

He leceived his education in tlie public
schools of Wilmington and Philadelphia, and
at the age of twelve, secured a position with
the Diamond State Iron Co. Five years later,
in August, 1882, he obtained employment as
fireman on the P., W. & E. R. R.* and in Oc-
tober, ISS!), was made an engineer on that
road. lie now runs on the ^laryland division
of the line. lie is a member of Delaware
Loilge, Xo. 5, A. 0. U. AV., of Wilmington.

On June 22, 1887, Edward James Gordon
was married to Mary C, daughter of James
and Jane (Collins) Williams, of County
Meatli, Ireland, born in Ireland, June 21),
I8til». They have children: I. Jennie, born
October 8, 1888; II. Elsie ilarie, born Jan-
uary 24r, IS'JO; III. Eleanor, born February
24,'l892; IV. Edward James, 2, bom May
19, 1894; V. Marie, born April 21, 189li.
]\Ir. Gordon and his family are members of
St. Mary's R. C. church. Their home is at
Xo. 80G Spruce street, AVilraiugtou.

TIIO]\rAS DEAKYNE, Blackbird, New
Castle county, DeL, son of Thomas and Ann
(Barlow) Deakyne, was born February 19,
lb2o, in what was then known as Thorough-
fare Neck, now Deakyne\alle, Deb

The Deakj'ne family belongs to that na-
tionality which gave its first settlers to the
state of Delaware; their ancestors came among
the early emigrants from Sweden. Honor-
able and upright in principle and conduct,
healthful and industrious, moderate and self-
controlled, although of a lively and active
temperament, the Swedes have left their im-
press for good upon the population of this
state. A woi'thy representative of the nation
Wios George Deakyne, grandfather of Thom.is
Deakyne, 2, who was born and spent his en-
tire life in Thoroughfare Neck, making farm-
ing liis principal occupation. Ilis farm of 150
acres was in AiijiMpiinimink Iniiidred; tlie

tract is now a part of Blackbird hundred. lie
was a Democrat, a disciple of the illustrious
Thomas Jefferson. George Deakyne married
a lady of English descent, but born in Dela-
ware, ifary Wickerson. Their children were:
I. Thomas; II. George; lU. John; IV. Bay-
more; all these, now deceased, were regarded
as substantial and useful citizens. (Jeorge
Deakyne and his wife were both members of
the M. E. church; they lived long and hap-
pily together, died on their farm, and the re-
mains of both rest in the family burial plot
of the cemetery at Deakyneville.

Their son, Thomas Deakyne, was born in
1786, on the homestead, where he sjK-nt his
early days. lie was an intelligent and am-
bitious lad, desirous of a good education; this
the schools of his day were not in a condition
to afford; he was therefore obliged to make
up for their deficiencies by his independent
efforts; and so well did he succeed that he wa>j
noted among the young men his contemi)o-
raries for his general information. His hours
of rela.xation from the laborious duties of a
farmer were principally occupied in reading
and in hard study. Ilis history clearly proves
that there is no necessary antagonism between
study and business; for he became one of the
largest land-owners in the county, as well as
one of the first merchants. He owned more
than 1000 acres of land; one of his tracts, com-
prising 200 acres, was in Thoroughfare Neck;
here he made many improvements, including
a fine dwelling and barn, and the setting out
of peach orchards; he was one of the first to-
cultivate that fruit with s\iccess in his section.
On one of his farms, he erected a fine brick
dwelling. His store, one of the first in that,
neighborhood, was in the Xeck, and was a
successful enterprise. ^Ir. Deakyne always
supported Democratic principles, and was ac-
tive not only in the service of bis party, but in
promoting the public welfare. He was an ad-
vocate of the free school system, and was one-
of the first school commissioners. He served
several tenns in each branch of the state legis-
lature. Dui'ing the session of the senate in
1S41, he was at home, suffering with a severe
cold; but eager to be at his ])ost of duty, he-
left his sick bed and travelled eighteen miles
to Dover, to attend the session, an exposure
wiiicb resulted in his death, in the same year.
His wife, Ann (Barlow) Deakyne, to whom-
ho was married in A]i]ioquiniinink, now

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STATE OF DELAWARE

351

Blackbird hundred, was a native of the same
place with himself, and of English descent.
Tlu'ir childieu are: I. George, who died in
infancy; II. Thomas; III. Albert G., resides
on the homestead; IV. Napoleon B., died in
New Castle in 1897; V. Charles B., of AVil-
mington, Del.; VI. ifary A., wife of J. ^\^
Denney,_driiggist of Smyrna, Del.; VII. Batli-
sheba (^fi-s. Kiehard Ferguson), deceased.
!Mrs. De^ikyne survived her husband six years,
dying in 1847; both were interred in the
family burial place at Deakyneville.

At the age of eighteen, Thomas Deakyne,
2, having had the misfortune to lose his father
by deatli, found himself, as the eldest of the
family, laden with the responsibilities of busi-
ness. He had enjoj'cd a goo<l common school
education in his native hundred; to the cul-
ture and information thus acquired, he has
since added by his own unaided efforts. For
the three years before he attained his ma-
jority, he continued to superintend the
management of the farm and store in the in-
terest of the family. On the day when ho
was twenty-one, he married, and at once be-
gan farming the homestead, on which he liv-
ed for more than forty years; during the same
pcrioil, he conducted the store at Deakj'nCN'ille.
In ISGO, during the administration of Presi-
dent Lincoln, Thomas Deakyne was appointed
postmaster, and the postmaster-general honor-
ed hira by naming his post-office Deakyne-
ville, he being the first to have charge of it.
He filled the office satisfactorily for six years.
In 1883, he removed to Blackbird hundred,
whci-e he bought a home, and where he and his
wife have since led a tranquil and pleasant
life. "While at Deakyneville, ilr. Deakyne
received from Gov. Burton, in 1861, the ap-
pointment of justice of the peace; he has held
the office ever since with great credit; liij^ last
appointment was conferred by Gov. Watson.
In cases where , ppeal has been made to higher
courts, Squire Deakyne's judgment has nearly
always been sustained. He is a man of sound
judgment and much knowledge of human na-
ture, is well infonned on a variety of topics,
and has many friends. He has always been
a stanch supporter of Democratic views and
measures, but not for the selfish end of secur-
ing office for himself. He takes a deep in-
terest in the maintenance and improvement
of the ])uiilic sclukols. S<|uire Deakyne is a
20

member of Morning Star Lodge, No. 6, I. 0.
O. F., at Smyrna.

The fii-st marriage of Thomas Deakyne,
February 19, 184-1, was ^vith Catherine J.,
daughter of John Wi-ight, a farmer of Black-
bii'd hundred, where she was born. The only
child of this lady, boni in 1845, died in in-
fancy, and was buried, with its" mother, in
Dt>iikyne\ille cemetery. Thomas Deakyne
man-ied, June 14, 1848, Lydia A., one of the
two daughters of Henry and Elizabeth (Short)
Hartuj), of Blackbird liundred. Mr. Ilartup,
who was a farmer, was of Irish descent; he
supported the Whig party, and was a mem-
ber and class leader of the if. E. church.
Both ho and his wife are dead, and were in-
terred in the Friends' burial gi-ouiid in Black-
binl hundred. The children of ilr. and Mrs.
Deakj'ne are as follows: I. Thomas, in the
livery business in Tenth street, Wilmington,
Del.; II. Virginia (ilrs. Abram Haydon), has
children, i. Addie (ilrs. II. Ileynolds), ii. Em-
ma (Mrs. William Anderson), iii. Bertha, re-
siding with Squire Deakyne, iv. Abraham,
V. Gilbert, yi. Virginia, vii. Seba, died young;
III. Kate (]\Ii-s. Elmer Catlis), of Wilming-
ton, had one child, which died young; IV.
Adelaide (:\Irs. George H. Warren), of Wil-
mington, has children i. Edgar 11., ii. Harry
D., iii. Beulah L., iv. Mary D.; V. Harry H.,
graduate of the Pliiladeli)hia College of
Pharmacy, is a druggist at Atlantic City, N.
J. Squire Deakyne and his family are mem-
bers of the ^1. E. church; he is a participator
in church work, and acts as secretary of the
Sunday-school. Ilis ^vife is his coadjutor in
all good works.

BENJAMIN B. FERGUSON, M. D.,
Blackbird, New Castle county, Del., son of
Bassett and Susan T. (Weldon) Ferguson, was
born in Blackbird hundred, August 23,
1S53.

Benjamin B. Ferguson attended the public
schools of Blackbird Imndred, and studied
for three terms at the Felton Academy, Del.
At the age of fifteen, he became clerk in the
drug store of J. W. Denney, of Smyrna, Del.,
with whom he spent three years. At the ex-
piration of this time, in 1874, ilr. Ferguson,
although still in his teens, was placed in charge
of the drug dejiartment of the ITnivei-sity IIos-
jiital, Philadelphia, Pa., and proved so effi-
cient that he ret-ained the position for nine

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352

BIOGBAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

years, leaving it then to assume tlie duties of
sui)erinteiideiit of tlie drug department of the
Polyclinic Hospital Dispensary, in the same
city. Nine montlis later, he oj)ened a drug
store in Camden, N. J., which lie conducted
for six years, ^^fr. I'crguson tiien began rea i-
ing medicine, having as his ])rocoptor Dr.
Ashliridge, of the U. S. Navy; in ISUO, he
matriculated at the Jefferson ^ledical College,
from which he was graduated in 18lt;5.
Dr. Ferguson settled soon after obtaining his
diploma in Blackbird hundred, and here, in
his native place and among the friends of his
boyhood, he has secured general confidence
and established an extensive practice. lie is
a member of the State iledical Society; has
served the hundred as school commissioner,
and is connected with the A. O. U. W., of
Camden, N. J.

Dr. ]>enjainin B. Ferguson was married in
Philadelphia, in 1883, to Alice E. Perkins.
Their children are: I. Bessie B. ; II. Susan E.;
both are attending school; III. Alice V.;
died in infancy. Alice E. (Perkins) Fergu-
son was born in Ix)ndon, England. Her
grandfather, George Perkins, was an officer
in the British army, and fought in the Cri-
mean war; he died in England. His son,
George J. Perkins, ilrs. Ferguson's father,
was an emploj'ee of the Great Eastern Car
ilanufacturing Company, of London, in
which his whole life was pas3e(.l. The Per-
kins family enjoyed a position of honor and
resjtect for many generations. George J.
Perkins married Eleanor Wesley, who was of
the same family with the distingjiished
preacher, John Wesley, and was also distantly
related to General Washington. ilr. and
Mrs. Perkins were members of the Establish-
e<l Church of England; both died in London.
Their children are: I. Sarah Ann (^Irs. James
Wise), of London; II. Alice E. (Mi-s. Benja-
min B. Ferguson); III. Charlotte E., chief
nurse at the Allegheny Hospital, Pa.; IV.
Annie J. (ilrs. Thoniivs Lindsay Turton), uf
New Jersey; V. Ada (Mrs. Charles Shaw),
of London; VI. Benjamin, of London; VII.
Walter T., of New Jersey; VIII. ]\linnie.
ifrs. Ferguson came to America in 1880, and
first met Dr. Ferguson in Philadelphia.
She is active in gdod works, and is a
faithful member of the Episcopal Church.

ISAAC P. STAATS,
New Castle county, Del.

Tayl(ir'.~ Bridge,
son of Isaac and

Ann (Vanjiclt) Staats, was born near Tay-
lor's Bridge, September 11, 1838.

The Staats family, originally of Scotland,
were among tiie early settlers of that part of
the state in wliich they reside. Peter Sl:uits,
grandfather of Isaac K., was born in tliat
part of Appoquinimink hundred from wliicli
Blackiiird hundred was foniied in Is?.").
Here he passed his life, cultivating his own
farm, a homestead which he so improved by
the erection of a dwelling and barn, and the
addition of other facilities, as to render it
both convenient and valuable. He was a
stanch member of the old lino Whig party,
and was much resjK'cted as a neighbor and as
a citizen. Peter Staats died on the farm, and
was buried in the Friendship if. E. ceme-
tery, in the Blackbird hundred. He was the
father of a large family.

Isaac St^mts, son of Peter Staats, was born
on the homest^^ad near Taylor's Bridge in
1800. Although he enjoyed but limited op-
portunities, he succeeded 1)V hard study in l)e-
coming fairly well educated. His life, spent
on the home farm, was one of tranrpiil and
suceessftd diligence. He not only managed
the cultivation of the homestead, but became
the owner of several other tracts of land in
Blackbird hundred, which he improved with
the necessary buildings, etc., and rendered
productive. Mr. Staats was noted for his in-
dustrious habits and his honesty of purpose;
he was actively interested in the welfare of
the state and the community in which he
lived. Sympathizing with the desire of young
people of limited means to acquire an eiluca-
tion, he lent his best endeavors to the estab-
lishment of the free school system, in order
that they might enjoy ailvantages that had
been denied to himself. For many years he
was school commissioner of the hundred. lie
was too modest to seek political honors; when
they came to him, he tried to do what a])pear-
ed to him to be his duty, even thougli lie
felt assure<l that defeat awaited him. Thus
he was more than f)nce nominatetl for the
state legislature by the liepublican party,
whose ranks he joined on the disappearance of
the Whig party from the ])olitical field; he
always a('ce]ite<.l the nomination, and con-
tended for the principles in which he be-
lieved, although his failure to be elected was
no suq)rise to him. The same result f(dlow-
ed the same course of conduct when the nomi-
nation was for the state senate; but then, is

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1 . 1 ■. .; ■.. 1 . ., .-

STATE OF DE LAW ABE

353

ever, he cheerhilly accepted defeat, satisfied
•\vitli liaving done what lie felt to be his duty.
Isaac Staats was man-ied in his native hund-
red; his wife, Ann (Vanpelt) Staats, was also
a native of that hundred. Iler ancestors came
among the early settlers from Holland, and
founded a \Wdely connected and substantial
family. The children of ilr. and Airs. Isaac
Staats are; I. Elizabeth (Airs. Henry A.
"Wood Jveeper), of Blackbird hundre(l; II.
John AV., deceased; III. Sarah J. (Mrs. C.
W. Jarrell), of Blackbird hundred, deceiised;
IV. Isaac K. ; V. Peter, died young; YI. ilary
A., ^e:^i(les in Philadelphia; \[\. Emily, wife
of C. AV. Jarrell, her late sister's husliand;
A'lII. Jamc-s H., farmer of Blackbird U\ind-
red; IX. Eanny; X. Abraham, of Taylor's
Bridge, merchant and postmaster; XI.
Ueorgc, of Phihidelphia. Airs. Aim (Van-
pelt) Staats died on tlie farm, and was buried
in the family lot in Friendship cemetery, be-
longing to the M. E. church, of Blackbird
hundred. Isaac Staats afterwards married
Catherine (Armstrong) Collins, widow of
Aiorris Collins, ilrs. Catherine Staats still
resides in the hundred; but Air. Staats died
in 1894, after having for some years led a
life of retirement and leisure. His remains
were interred in the Friendship burial ground.
He was an excellent man, faithful in the pcr-
fonnance of both public and piivate duties;
he and his family were members of the Af.
E. church.

The fourth child of the family, Isaaac R.
Staats, was educated in the public scho<:)l3 in
the neighborhood of Taylor's Bridge. He
remained on the farm with his father until
he roachetl his majority; then, renting one of
his father's farms, he cultivated it tmtil, in
18U2, a call being made by the II. S. govern-
ment for volunteei's to aid in putting down
the Rebellion, Air. Staats enliste<l in the First
Delaware Cavalry, Company A, ('ol. Knight,
and Captain, afterwards Alajor Loard. In
this regiment he served until June, 18G5,
])articipating in all the engagements in which
the regiment, as a part of the Army of the
Poti>nKU-, was engaged. Air. Staats was never
off duty; he spent no time in the hospital, al-
though he Avas cut in the head by the burst-
ing of a shell, and received a sunstroke, from
the effects of which he still suffers. Nor has
he ever asked a pension, nor received any,
although his faithful services, as well as liis

injuries, might be regarded as giving him d
fair title to it. Air. Staats was mustered out
at Baltimore. He then returned to the busi-
ness of farming, which he has made the occu-
pation of his life. He bought a farm of his
father's, to which he has since added other
tracts, and now cultivates about -87 acres.
He has made much iniprovenu'ut upon his
land, and has cultivated the strawberry exten-
sively, besides raising stock and grain, and
carrying on the dairy business. By jiis enter-
prise and diligence, he has increased the limit-
ed means A^th which he began life to a
comfortable competence. Air. Staats is inter-
ested in several public enteqirises; he is a
shareholder and director of the Philadelphia
and Smyrna Transportation Company, of
SnijTna. Being an active and intelligent
Republican, he was nonunated for the state
legislature on the ticket of that party, but
was defeated, the majority being Democratic.
He is a comrade of Col. J. W. Andrews
Post No. 14, G. A. R., Odessa, Del.

Isaac R. Staats Avas married, December 28,
1870, in Smyrna, to Alargaret, daugliter of
Jonathan and Hannah (Smith) Stephenson;
she was boni in Blackbird hundred. Their
children are: I. "Wilmer C., farmer, of Black-
bird Inmdred, married Alartha Webb; II.
Horace W., tlorist, of Chadd's Ford, Pa.; III.
Clarence, at home; IV. Irvin R., blacksmith,
of Jenkintown, Pa.; V. Elsie, at home. Ali-s.
Alargaret (Stephenson) Staats died in 1891.
Air. Staats was again married, in Wilmington,
Del., to Eliza, daughter of John Talley,
farmer, of Brandywine hundred, where she
was born. Isaac R. Staats is a rospected mem-
ber of the AI. E. church.

Jonathan Stephenson, father of Airs. Alar-
garet Staats, was born at Swanland, near Hull,
Yorkshire, England, Alay 7, ISOG. About
1831, he mai-ried Hannah Smith, and some
years later came to America, and scttleil near
X^ew Ca.^tle, Del., on one of the Common
farms. This place he cultivated >intil he had
saved enough to pmrhase a tract of land in
Blackbird hundred, near Smvnia, on which
he resided until his death. Air. Stephenson
was a man of purpose and of action. His
time and attention were almost exclusively
devoted to the two main interests of his life,
the service of God in the church, and the
pui-suit of his honorable and useful voca-
tion. His diligent attention to business gave

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354

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

him a prominent and influential position
among the farmers of his ^^cinity, and as a
man of business, his distinguishing traits were
industry and probity. lie was a member of the
^r. E. church from his youth ; and it is said of
liim that "but few men couhi more nearly
throughout half a century ajjpropriatc the lan-
■ guage of Joshua when he declared, 'But as for
me anil my house, we will serve the Lord.' "
So long as his chililren continued to be inmates
of their father's house, they went regularly
with their parents to church. Few seiwices
of any character were held in the church, to
which the family carriage did not bring ita
ample load. Jonathan Stephenson died,
deeply regretted by his neighbors, friends and
fellow membei-s of the church, leaving seven
children, witli their mother, tomourn his loss.
One of his daughters, Cliarlotte, wife of Kev.
AVilliarn K. McFarlane, was already deceased;
the survivors were ilrs. Joseph Stephenson,
]\rrs. William A. Ilukill, ifargaret (Mrs. I.
R. Staats), since deceased, ]\ri's. F. F. Bogia,
one unmarried daughter, and two sons, Jolin
W. and Josej))! Stejthenson. ilr. Stephen-
son's death was described by friends who \nt-
nessed it, as a signal triumpli of Christian
faith; hjs face, one said, was "lit up with a
glow iis if he had already beheld a vision of
the future life." His remains were interred
at Glenwood Cemetery.

ABRAI^I STAATS, Taylor's Bridge, New
Castle county, Del., son of Isaac and Ann
(Van{x^lt) Staats, was born on the old Staata
homestead, near Taylor's Bridge, February
17, 1852.

In the public schools of the hundred,
Abram Staats obtained a fair English edu-
cation, a foundation for subsequent additions
of general information, gleaned by observa-
tion, experience and reading. lie remained
on the home farm \\Tth his father until 1877;
during four years of that time, he rented the
homestead from his father, and managed its
cultivation. In January, 1877, Mr. Staats
made a beginning in mercantile business in the
store which he still occupies, and which his
father had built. For two years, he rented it
from his father, after which he bought the
store, and has transacted business there ever
since ■with success. lie began without experi-
ence, and witli a very limited stock; at the
lirescnt writing he is considered one of the

most prosperous merchants of the region, car-
rying all tlie abundance and variety of stock
to be found in a tirst class country store; and
his success is due not only to his ability as
a business man, but to the kindly disjMDsi-
tion and courteous manner which render him
po])ular. lie enjoys a steady and extensive
county trade. lie is also postmaster of Tay-
lor's Bridge, to which office he was appointed
in 1877; his duties in this service are faith-
fully and satisfactorily performed. iMr.
Staats is a Bepublican, and a steady supporter
of the principles of his party, but by no means.
a wire-puller, or a seeker after political pre-
ferment. He is interested in educational pro-
gress, is school commissioner of the hundred,
and clerk of the board.

On February 22, 1877, Abram Staats
was marrietl in Blackbird hundred to Euj)he-
mia, daughter of Daniel R. and Elizabetix
(Reeves) Johnson, a native of fiercer county,.
]Sr. J. Their children are: I. Jessie R., assis-
tant in her father's store and in the ]X)st-
office; II. Walter J., an accountant, now
clerk on the steamer Clyde, at Odessa; III.
Oliver il., at home; IV. Herbert W. ; V.
Elmer S.; VI. W. Hamilton; VII. Daniel,
died when six months old. Mr. Staats and
his family are members of the Friendship
M. E. ChurcJi, of Blackbird hundred.

Daniel R. Jolinson, father of ilrs. Staats,
was of Scotch descent, and was born in Mon-
mouth county, N. J., where he was educated
and began life as a farmer's boy. When a
young man, he removetl to Mercer county,
N. J., where he was still engaged in farming,
and where he was married. Some years later,
when his daughter Euphemia was five years
of age, he removed to Delaware, ami for
several years cultivated a fann in the vicinity
of Smyrna. His last removal was to Collins'
Beach, in Blackbird hundred; here he spent:
the remainder of his life. He enlisted for
the defence of the Union in the First Regi-
ment Delaware Infantry, and having perform-
ed his military duty witli courage and fidelity,
was mustercxl out \ritli tlie rank of corporal,
after three years' service. The children of
Daniel R. and Elizabeth (Reeves) Johnson
are: I. Isaiah, who died in infancy; II. Euphe-
mia (Mrs Staats); III. Clara, died yountj;
IV. Isaiah, 2, deceased, an ordained minister
of the AI. E. church; V. ]\fartha, died young;
VI. ^lury (Mrs. Benjamin I.aiiglilin), of

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STATE OF DELAWARE

355

Phikdelpbia. The mother died near Smyrna,
ill IST'J. yhe was a meiiiber of the M. E.
cliureli, and was interred in Bethel cemetery.
Mr. Jolinson afterwards married ^lar^aret
Collins, who survives him, still residing in
Blackbird hundred. ^Ir. Johnson died in
1889, and was buried in tlie Friendship burial
ground. His politics were Republican; his
religious profession, which he honored by his
life and conduct, was in the_M. E. church.

JAMES H. STAATS, Taylor's Bridge,
neighborhood during his early yeare, James
and Ann (Vanpelt) Staats, was born Decem-
ber 4, 1847, on the Staats homestead, near
Taj'lor's Bridge.

Ilaving attended the i)ublic schools of his
neighborhood during his early years, James
n. Staats continued to live and to work on the
farm with his father until he reached the age
of twenty-three. He tiion purchased of his
father a farm near Taylor's Bridge, com-
prising lis acres; on this pla?e he has made
various judicious improvements, among which
not tlie least important is a frame dwelling
in mudcrn style, one of the finest in that part
of the country. Here Mr. Staats was for
many years engaged in tilling the soil and
conducting a profitable dairy business. A
few years ago, he retired from business, and 'S
enjoying his well earned leisure and rejjose.
^Ir. Staats is a stanch supporter of the IJepul)-
lieaii party, but is liberal in political atl'airs,
always voting for such candidates for local
offices as he believes to be the best men, ir-
respective of ditferences of opinion. He was
for eight years school commissioner at Tay-
lor's Bridge.

James H. Staats was married, NovembiT
7, 1872, in Christiana hundred, ]S!"ew Castle
county, Del., to Anna M., daughter of Al-
bert J. and Mary J. (Stidham) Lynani; she
was a native of Christiana hundred. Their
children are: T. Ida L. (Mrs. William F.
Elliott), of Laurel, Del.; II. Carrie J., at
home; III. Edna M., died young. The family
of Mr. Staats are members of the Friendship
^l. E. church. Their family life is cheerful
and attractive, and they, enjoy general esteem
and respect.

The Lynam family, from which ^Irs.
Staats is descended, had its origin in Sweden;
her ancestors were among the first settlors
of Delaware. Her grandfather, Thoiii;is l.\-

nani, passed his entire life in Christiana hund-
red, liis native place, recei\'ing his e<luca-
tion in its old-fashioned schools, and l&irniug
farming according to the primitive methods
of his times. This became his vocation for
life, and through unremitting diligence, he
was prosperous. Thomas Lynani married
Eleanor Bobinson; two of their children died
in infancy; those who lived to mature years,
but are since deceaseil, ai'e as follows: I. Wil-
liam; II. John B.; III. Thomas; IV. Jamei
K.; V. Lewis; VI. Albert J.; VII. Eleanor;
VIII. Sarah; IX. Christiana. ]\[r. Lynam
and his wife both died in Christiana hundred,
and their remains were buried in the grave-
yard of the historic "Old Swedes' Church," at
Wilmington, ilr. Lynam voted mth the De-
mocratic party, but sought no public office.
His son, Albert J. Lynam, was also a native
and a life-long citizen of Christiana hundred,
and devoted his attention to fanning. He
lived and died upon his fanu of 120 acres in
Christiana hundre(.l. His wife, ilary J.
Stidham, was born in the same hundred, and
was the daughter of Da^dd and Catherine
(Lynani) Stidham, both deceased. Of the
children of ]\rr. and Mi-s. Albert J. Lynam,
four are deceased, as follows: I. Emma S.
(Mrs. James F. Porter), of Christiana hun-
dred; II. :\rarion C. E. (ilrs. Samuel C. Der-
ricks(m); HI. Albert T., died in infancy; IV.
Atwood D., died at the age of forty. Those
surviving are: I. Anna M. (Mi-s. James H.
Staats); II. Joanna; HI. Gilpin P., morocco
dresser, Wilmington, Del. ilr. and ;^^rs. Al-
bert J. Lynam are both deceased; they were
members of the .M. E. church, but .^Ir. Ly-
nam, who died in 1875, was interred with his
wif(^ in the Einscopalian cemetery at Newport,
Del. ]\rr. Lynani was a Democrat of the same
type as General Jackson.

JOHX W. BBATT, P. O. Green Springs,
New Castle county, Del., is a son of Henry
and Eliza (Staats) Pratt, and was born in
Appoquinimink, now Blaidcbird hundred,
February 25, 1838.

His grandfather, Henry Pratt, Sr., was
born in Sussex county, Del., and was a farmer,
first in Sussex ccmiity, aftenvards in Kent
county, near Dover, Del. He was an old line
Whig; was electeil .sheriff of Kent county,
ami filled the office with efficiriicy. Retiring
at last from active life, Henry Pratt spent

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35G

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

his declining years with liis son, at Smyrna,
Del., where he died; he was buried at Dover.
His \vife, Lydia Ann (Hickman) Pratt, died
and was buried at Dover, 'i'hey were mem-
bers of the ]\I. E. ciiurch. Their children
were: I. Ilem-y; H. Kuth (lli-s. G. A\\ Jes-
ter); ITI. Thomas, died in Kent county, Dol.;
IV. Elizabeth (Mrs. John Hudson); V. Wil-
liam, deceascil; VI. Lydia (.Mi-s. Thonuis Hil-
yard); VII. Celia Ann (.Mrs. William Den-
ney); VIII. Nathaniel, retired, Smyrna, Del.;
IX. ^fary, Andow of X. Boggs. The family
is well kno\\Ti in the state, honorable and re-
spected.

The eldest of this family, Henry Pratt, 2,
was born in Sussex county in 1S12, received
his education there, and became a fanner.
Kemoving to Xew Castle county when a
young man, he farmed for more than forty
years in Appoquinimink hundred; the rest of
his life Avas passed in Duck Creek hundred,
Kent county, Del., upon a small fann which
he had bought. Here he died in August,
1889, and was interrcnl in the cemetery of the
Blackiston Chapel, Kenton hundred. iMr.
Pratt was in early life a Whig, but afterwards
became a Democrat. He was for several years
a school commissioner, in which capacity he
was efficient and popular. Henry Pratt was
married in Ajipoquinimink hundred, to Eliza,
daughter of Jacob Staats, a farmer of that
hundred, in which she was ])orn, July 31,
ISIG. Their children are: I. Henry, a farmer
of Kent county, Del., enlisted in the U. S.
army in the war of the Pebellion, Company
K, Second Delaware Volunteer Infantry, died
in 1881; II. Susan (]\Irs. George Ingraham),
of Middletown, Del.; ITI. John W.; IV.
Thomas, a farmer of ^Maryland. The excel-
lent mother of this family, now an octogena-
rian, still resides in Kent county, Del.

During the winter months, John W. Pratt,
when a child, attended the pidjlic schools
of Appoquinimink hundred; in tlie summer,
he assisted the farmers of the neighborhood
by such work as a small boy can do, by which
lie contributed twenty-five cents a day to the
support of the family. At the age of eight,
he was hired out on the "Wells farm, now his
own property, for $2.50 per numth; on that
place he worked for a year. He continued
doing farm labor at home and for neighbor-
ing farmers until he was twenty-two yeai-s
of age; he then started out for hims.lf, own-

ing no capital but his youthful strength and
hopefulness, his willing hands, and a horse
which his father had given him. For ono
year, he rented the ioU-acre truck farm of
Peter Deram, in Saint George's hundred, near
Odessa; for the next year, the Lamb fann
of oOO acres, in Kenton Inindred; he then
spent six years on the Irving farm in the same
hundred. After that time, Mr. Pratt bought
237 acres of land in Kenton hundred, which
he improved liberally, and cultivated for
twenty-two yeai-s, making grain and fruit his
staples. At the end of this time, he rented
his f;u-m and si>e,nt two years at Clayton, DlI. ;
after which he bought the William Bell farm,
158 acres, in Kenton hundred, improved and
cultivated it for eleven years, raising stock
and producing fruit and grain. ]\Ir. Pratt's
latest removal was to his present farm of 178
aci'cs, the Daniel Wells farm, which was, as
we have said, the scene of his early industry,
and which he bought in 1894, and has im-
proved at a cost of about $2,000. He has
cattle of superior breeds, and is profiuibly
engaged in the dairy business, ilr. Pratt now
owns 550 acres of land, besides a fine frame
dwelling in Clayton, all of his property l>eing
the fruits of his o\\n\ diligence. His life has
been uniformly one of temperance, ui)right-
ness and devotion to his serviceable calling.
He is a plain-spoken man, whose word is ever
the true expression of his opinion and belief.
As a business man, his management is ex-
cellent. Xor are his aims selhsh; from the
time when his childish hand helped to bear
the burdens of his parents, he has ever shown
kindness and liberality towards others; not
onl_v to his own family, but to those who
work for him, to the church, and to all
worthy objects. He eidisted for the defence
of the Union in 18G3, in Company E, Second
Delaware "Home Guards," for nine months;
he was engaged in active duty for two months,
at Ha\Te de Grace, and was mustered out
at Smyrna, ilr. Pratt is a Democrat; he
does not seek, and would not accept public
office. He has several times sen'Cvl on juries,
both grand and i)etty, at Dover and Wilndng-
ton.

John AV. Pratt was married, Jauuarv' l^i
18C4, at Blackiston Cross Beads, Kenton
hundred, to Sarah E., daughter of John and
Sarah (Boggs) AVricht; she is a native of
Aj)poquinimiiik hundred. ]\frs. Pi-att's

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.1:1 mI

STATE OF DELAWARE

357

father was a farmer; both he and Mrs. "Wright
were nicmbers of the il. E. church. U'lie
cliiKh-oii of ilr. and ^Irs. Pratt are: I. Harry,
died April 7, 18(J7; 11. John X., farmer, of
]\eiiton hundred, married Mary Davis, luis
eliiKh'cu i. Emma, ii. Davis, iii. Ehner, iv.
Elsie; III. George E., fai-mer of Kenton
hundreJ, married Anna Jones, of Susse\
county, Deh, has one chikl, Eisa; IV. I'hiuna
(ilrs. John AV. Houston), of Kent cimnty,
Deh, has cliiKhx'n i. Liston, ii. John; V. Mul-
lie P. (Mrs. IJenjamin JI. Boggs), lias chil-
dren, i. Sarah P., ii. Pearl; Mr. Boggs farms
with :\Ir. Pratt; VI. Herman; VII. Perkiu.
The fauuly are mendjers of the il. E. church;
ilr. Pratt is very liberal in his religious views.

JOHN L. SEE.AIAXS, P. O. Clayton,
Del., is the son of Laudjcrt M. and Pennelia
(Keynolds) Seemans, a«d was born in Appo-
quinimink, now Blackbird, hundred, August
30, 1840.

Rev. Solomon Seemans, his grandfather,
a descendant of an English family, was born
and reared in Kent county, ^Id. He was
educated for the ministry of the ]\I. E. church,
and after his ordination, preached for several
years in his native county, where his entire
life was 'spent. Besides jireaiddng, he culti-
vated a small tract of land of which he w:is
the owner, ilr. Seemans labored faithfidly
for the good of his neighb(n's and iianshion-
ers. Before any church had been erected
in his hx'alit}', his house ^^■as opened for re-
ligious services. Bev. Solomon Seemans was
first married to a ladyof the same family name,
a native of the state of New York; tlicy ha 1
two children, both now deceased: I. Lambert
]\I.; 11. Sarali (Airs. Joseph Moms), lidtli
they and their mother dietl in Kent eonnty,
]\Id. llev. Mr. Seemans afterwards married
IMiss Slarklev; their children are; I. ^fary,
wife (if Benjanan Wells, a grocer, of \\\]-
niingtiin; 11. Susan (Mrs. (reorge T. Tciwu-
seii(i), (if New Castle. :\rrs. (Starkley) See-
nunis died in Kent county, Ifd., where Afr.
Seemans also died in 1827; his remains were
interred with those of his first wife in the
family lun-ial place, a walled enclosure on the
farm. ^fr. Seemans was a ]ireacher of ability,
as \\(']1 as a devout and conscientio\is pastor.

His siiu, Landicrt M. Seenuins, burn in
Kent cdunty, .Md., in 1808, received a
good education, attending tlie high scIkmi]

of Charleston, ]\rd., and chose the profession
of teaching, to which he devoted his whole
life. At the age of nineteen, he came to
Delaware, and taught the first school in Dis-
trict No. 11 of A])poquinimiiik hundred, re-
ceiving si.xty dollars as his quarterly salary.
In his leisure hotirs, he added to this slender
income by doing clerical work for the county,
cojiying wills, dewls, Arc. After more than
forty years of labor in his useful and self-
denying vocation, !^^r. Seemans retired to a
farm (if 100 acres at Price's Corner, in Black-
bird hundred, which he had bought. Here
he died not very long after, in 18G9; his re-
mains were buried with those of his father
and mother, in Kent county, Md. Like his
father, he was a Democrat, of the Jetfei-son
school; he served the hundred as tax collector,
ass(^ssor, road commissioner, A'c. Lambert M.
Seemans was nuimed first to Lydia, daughter
of "William II. Roberts, an extensive land
(iwner and farmer of that hundred. The
children of that nmrriage were: I. ilary, wife
(if A\'illiam ('rough, of St. George's hun-
dred, both deceased; II. Annie (Mi-s. John
Harris), of Chestertown, Kent C(junty, ]\Id.;
1 1 L iMueline, wife of Andrew J. Eaulkner,
(jf ]ventc(junty, Md., both deceased; IV. Lam-
bert, died yoting. ]\Irs. Lj'dia Seemans died,
and was interred in the burial lot belonging
to her father, 'i'lie second wife of Landiert
-M. Seenians was Permelia, daughter of James
and Sarah (Cole) Reynolds, who was born
in 1818; her father was a farmer. The chil-
dren by this marriage are: I. Sarah, wife oi
Benjannn I>(in(l, nf Baltinicrc, Md., wlmso
son-in-law, Dr. Hill, was murdercil scxcril
years agd, in Kint cimnty, .Md.; 11. George
Ann, deceased, \\\(o of ('apt. Daniel Stead-
ham, of Wiinungton, Deb; 111. .lohn L. Mrs.
Permelia Seemans^ after the deafb of her hus-
band, num-ied David ( 'layton, of Appo(inini-
mink hundred; she died in ]{ent county, Del.,
in 187"). Sh(> was an estimable lady, and her
death was mourned by a large circle of
friends.

The early education of John L. Seemans
was obtained in the s<dmols taught by his
father. It was not until he reached the a:;e
(if eighteen tliat he left home; he then went
to .Middletowii, Del., wh-re he was engaged
for one y(>ar as grain buyer for liichard Koth-
well. At tlie age of nineteen, he niarrieil, and
began fanning on his father's land, which

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358

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

he cultivated for seven years. In 1873, he
bought the James Powell fanu, of 101 acred,
on which he made improvements costing over
$2,000; he built a dwelling, a barn, and other
necessary structures. On this hunicstead he
has ever since resided, a skilful and pros-
I>erous farmer, ilr. Scemans has boon en-
trusted with much of the business of the hun-
dred, and is zealous and conscientious in pro-
moting public interests. lie is a Democrat;
in 1S78, he was elected assessor of Blackbird
hundred; for more than thirty years he was
school commissioner, and clerk of the board;
and in 1884, he was elected road commission-
er, in which capacity he has laboi'cd faithfully
for the maintenance and improvement of the
public roads. He was formerly a member of
the K. G. E.

John L. Seemans was married, December
13, 18C5, in Smyrna, Del., to ilary E.,
daughter of John W. and Kcbecca (Black-
stone) Thomas; she was born in Blackbird
hundred. !Mr. Thomas was a farmer. The
children of ilr. and Mrs. Seemans are: I.
Elizabeth, died when two yeare old; II. An-
drew C, contractor and builder, Clayton,
Del.; III. Ida (:\rrs Jacob Haldeman), of
Blackbird hundred, died in ISS'J; IV. Mis-
souri (^Ii-s. (icorge McClain), of Philadel-
phia; V. J. Edward, farmer, married Maria
Hayes, of Wilmington, Del.; VI. Elva It.,
dressmaker; VIL Minnie; VIII. E. Poe, at
school; IX. Bessie M.; X. Henry W. Beecher;
XL Raymond T. Three children died in
early infancj'.

IHCTIAIID S. ilABIM, P. 0. Clayton,
Del., is a son of Thomas and Elizabeth
(Blackiston) ilarim, and was born in Little
Creek Innulred, Kent county, Del., DccembL-r
13, iSiiT.

The iTarim family were among the earliest
settlers of Delaware. Jolin ^larim, grand-
father of IJichard S. Marim, was a native
of Kent county, Del., and was all his life a
farmer. He owned the properties styled
"Cherbourg" and "Chipping Xorton," in
Little Creek hundred, where lie passed his
life. During the Ivevolution, he fought
bravely for the liberty of his country. John
^rariia was married to Hannah .Stevens, of
Kent county, Delaware; their children were:
I. Thomas; II. Charles; III. Kuhamah, wife
of Ciov. C. P. Coniegys, of Delaware; IV.

Mary (ilrs. Richard Seemans) ; V. Mrs. Susan
Bateman. ilr. John ihirim was an adherent
of the Whig party. He and his wife were
honored members of the M. E. church. .

The eldest of their family, Thoihas ^lariui,
was born in Little Creek luuulred, in 17'.J5,
• and was carefully ediu-ated in the Eriends'
schools of his neighborhood. Educational
advant4iges were so far from being universal
in those days tJnit it is said there were only
three men in that section of the state who
could read and write. Mr. Marim devoted
his attention to agriculture; he cultivated a
farm of his father's in Little Creek hundred
until 1834, when he bought the Blackiston
farm, then in Appoquinimink hundred, now
in Blackbird hundred; this farm he improv-
ed, and spent fort}' yeai-s in its cultivation,
ifr. !^Llrim was for twenty-five years a grand
juror. Like his father, he was a faithful mem-
ber of the ^I. E. church; but he did not in-
herit his fatheris political convictions, being
a supporter of Democratic views. 1'homas
]\Iarini married Elizabeth, daughter of Ben-
jamin Blackiston; she was born in Appoquin-
imink hundred. Their children are: I.
Amelia (Mrs. C. M. Cary), of AVilmington,
Del., deceased; II. Henry, died at the age
of nineteen yeai-s; III. John T., of New York;
IV. Richanl S. ; V. Cornelius P., deceased;
VI. Charles, deceased; VIL Mary E. (Mrs.
Charles G. Ross), deceased; VIII. Ann Maria
(ilrs. C!harles E. Jones), of iliddletown, Del.
Five other children die<l in infancy. Both ilr.
and [Mi's. Thomas Marim died qn their farm,
and were interred in the ^Methodist cemetery
at Smyrna, Del.

Richard S. !Marim attended the public
school taught by Laudjert SeemaTis, in Appo-
quinimink hundred, now in Blackbird clis-
trict No. 71. He remained on the farm with
his parents until he was eighteen years old;
he then spent three years with ^[(issrs.
AVright A: Humphrey, of Smyrna, learning
carpentry. This trade continued to be his
vocation for more than forty-two yeare. I)ur-
ing ])art of that time, he was a contractor and
builder, taking a high rank in the trade. He
was engaged to constnuU biuldings not only
in various parts of his own state, but beyond
its limits, as far as the state of Xew York. In
1805, he bought a farm of 84 acres in Black-
bird hundred, formerly the pi'operty of James
Powell; there he settleil <lown to farming, ini-

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I •!

STATE OF DELAWARE

359

proved his land by erecting a house and bam,
and adding other conveniences, and resided
upon it, raising grain and other products, un-
til 1883. In this year, Mr. ]\[arim sold his
laud, and bought tlie Thomas farm, contain-
ing lOo acres; here he lias planted a peach
orchard, and here ho still resides, engaged
in his honorable and useful calling, and eu-
joying'the regard of many friends and neigh-
bors. In his youth, Mr. Marim was a Wliig,
but he cast his first vote for John C. Fremont,
and has ever since adhered to the Republicau
party. lie has been a member of the Junior

0. U. A. M.

In 1853, Richard S. ilarim was married iu
Steuben county, N. Y., to a native of that
county, Catharine, daughter of A. C. Bryan.
Their children are: I. Asenath (Mrs. Vinson
Moore), of Saint George's hundred, whose
husband is a farmer, aj^d who has had four-
teen children, seven now living; II. Thomas,
died at the age of thirty-three years. ^Frs.
Catharine Marim died in Smyrna in 1S73.
Mr. !Marim was man-ied the second time iu
Smyrna, in 1875, to Elizabeth (Hunter)
Clark, Avidow of Thomas (Hark. Of this
mai-riage there are four cliiklren, as follows:

1. Elizabeth, died in infancy; II. Clarence ;
III. Came; IV. Jennie, all at home. Mv.
!Marim is a member of the !M. E. church.

DaA-id Hunter, father of ]\Irs. Elizabeth
Marim, was bom in Ireland in 1800; he was
married iu his own country to Jane Smith, a
native of Coleraine. Their children are: I.
Robert J., deceased; II. Elizabeth (^^^s. R. S.
:irarim); HI. (:Mrs. John AieCauley); IV.
David J., conductor, of Baltimore, ild. ; V.
Jane, died when three years old. On coming
to this country, the family fii-st settled in
Bucks county, Pa., and aftcTwards removed
to Philadelphia, where iir. Hunter gained a
maintenance by daily labor. Later, he re-
moved to SmATua, Del., where he died in
18G0, and his wife in 1801. Both were buried
in the same jdace. They were members
of the Presbyterian church. In ])i)litieal
views, Mr. Hunter was a Democrat.

Thomas Clark, first husband of ]\Irs.
Marim, was a resident of Smyrna, and a car-
pen ti-r. He was an excellent and respected
citizen. He was marrietl to Elizalieth Hunter
in 18C7; their children were: I. David H.,
died in 1897; II. William B., of Phihuhl-
jihia. ^fr. Clark died in Smyrna in fts7l.

BENJAMIN C. COLLINS, Green Spring,
New Castle county, Del., son of George D. and
AVilhelmiua Collins, was born in Smyrna,
Kent county, Del., July 12, 1852.

Benjamin C. Collins was educated in the
public .schools of di.strict No. 70, Green
Spring, Del., then under the charge of Mr.
Hilbert- He remained at home, learning
])ractical farming under his father's careful
superWsion until he was twenty-two, when he
leased the homestead and assumed the entire
nianagement. In 1884, Mr. Collins was ap-
jjointed agent of the P. R. R. Company at
Green Spring, succeeding his brother-in-law,
Daniel Wells. This position he still holds,
luuing proved himself an efficient manager,
giving entire satisfaction both to the com-
jiany and to the public. In the same year
]\Ir. Collins also received, from President
Artlnu", the apjiointment of i)0stmaster of
Green Spring. 3ilr. Collins' ability, patience,
and geuial maimer have made him a general
favorite. He is also energetic and enterjiris-
ing and is very successful in b\iying and ship-
ynug fruit. Mr. Collins is a member of the
Democratic party and an active worker, but
has never sought political preferment; he
was, however, chairman of tlie Democratic
committee in 18'J4.

Benjamin C. Collins was married in Black-
bird hundretl, April 15, 1883, by the Rev. T.
H. Haines, to Mary Etta :\Iiddleton, of Black-
bird hniidred. Their only child died iu in-
fancy.

j\Ii-s. Collins' father, Thomas .Middletou, a
native of Delaware, was born in 1805. He
devoted his life to the cultivation of the soil.
After farming for a number of years on rent-
ed land, near Thoroughfare Neck, Appoquin-
imink, now Blackbird hundrcM^l, }\h: iliddle-
ton purchased a farm of 211 acres in New
(Vtle comity, Del. This land he imjiroved
and cultivated until the time of his death.
Mr. Middleton was a good citizen, active, en-
ergetic, interested in all that concerned the
ini])rovemeut of the community, and served
the county faithfully on the school board and
as conimissioiier of roads. He was a Demo-
crat, aTi efficient worker, always ready to sup-
]jort his ])art.v. He was a member of the
Le\ y ( 'ourt for one term, and also represented
his district iu the state legislature. Thomas
]\Iiildletou was married in Thoroughfare
Neck, Apjjoquinimink hundred. New Castle

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3G0

BIOORAPTIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

county, Del., to Elizabeth l^laek, who was
bora in Sussex county, Del., in 181'J. Their
children are: I. Emily C. (ilrs. 11. Davis);
II. ISarah B.; III. Benjamin F., butcher; IV.
Tiioma.s J., farmer; \. Annie, at liome; VI.
:Mary Etta (Mrs. Benjamin C. Cullins). ,Mr.
iliildleton died at his farm in New Ca.^tle
county in lSi)3. His widow is living in
Smyrna, Del.

\\'illiam T. Collins, son of George D. Col-
lins and brother of Benjamin C. (^ollins, was
born in Smyrna, Del., ilarch 8, 1S5U. lie
was educated in the public schools of Qreeu
Spring and, protiting by his father's instruc-
tion, became an intelligent fanner. At the
age of twenty-four he began farming in Ken-
ton hundred, Kent county, on land o\\^led by
his father-in-law, Thomas Davis. Ten yeare
later he returned to Green Spring, Blackbird
hundred, and since then has cultivated the
homestead, a farm of 130 acres of arable land,
in excellent condition. Like his brotiier, ^Ir,
Collins is a member of the Democratic party,
and is interested not only in the political, but
in the general welfare of his coiuity. lie is
a clerk of the board of school commissioners,
and is well liked and respectt'd in the com-
munity.

William T. Collins was maiTied in 1875,
to Elizabeth C, daughter of Thomas Da^'is,
of Kenton hundred. Their children are: I.
Ida C; II. Davis; III. George; IV. Lucy; V.
ifary; and two wlio died in infancy.

WILLIAM G. PKYOR, P. O., Smyrna,
Kent county, Del., sou of Jeremiah and Mar-
garet (Hart) Pryor, was boni in Blackbird
hundred, then Ap])oqiunimink hundred, New
Castle county, Del., Febniary -1, 18-12.

]\Ir. Pryor's ancestors were among the ear-
liest settlers in Delaware. Ilis grandfather,
William Piyor, a native of New Castle coun-
ty, Del., owned and cultivated a farm of 100
acres in Ap])oquininiink, now lilackbird Imu-
dred, Xew Ca.<tle county, lie imiiroved this
land, building a house and barn, and making
it a desirable property. ilr. AVilliam Pryor
was married to ilartha, daughter of John
Beynolds, a farmer of Blackbird hundred.
Their children are: I. AVilliam, died in
youth; II. John, died in youth; III. Jere-
miah; IV. John (2) die<l in ISoti; V. James
P., a farmer of Blackbird hundred. Mr.
Pryor died at the homestead in l^-'^'i and is

buried in the fanuly burial ground, on the
levels in Blackbird hundred. Ilis widow
married Elisha Crouch; she died in 1841, and
is biu'ied beside her first husband.

Jeremiah Pryor was born in 1815, at the
homestead in New Castle county. He re-
ceived his education in the schofils of the dis-
trict, and learned farming with his father. In
1851 he purchased the farm of Samuel H.
Holding. ^Mr. Pryor devoted all his energies
to iniiiroving the land, and soon began to reap
the reward of his jiatient, unceasing labor. He
was a Democrat of tlie Jeffersonian type, ac-
tively interested in political affairs, and served
as school tax-collector of his district. Jere-
miah Pryor's first wife was Margai'ct Hart, a
native of New Castle county. Their only sur-
viving child is William G.; a second child
died in infancy. ]\largaret (Hart) Pryor died
at the farm near Smyrna, Del., and is buried
in the cemetery at Bethel chureii. ^Ir.
Pryor's second wife was SuBau Clouds, of
Kent county, Del. Their children are: I.
John, died in youth; 11. Alartha, died in
youth; III. Benjamin, of Wilmington, Del.;
iV. Joseph H., of Scranton, Pa.; V. Mary E.
(Mrs. B. Young), of Wilminiiton. Mrs. Su-
san (Clouds) Pryor died at the hojnest<'ail and
is buried in the P. E. churchyard near Smyr-
na, Deh

ilr. Pryor's third wife, Elizabeth (Glen-
don) Scott, was the widow of James Scott.
Their only child died in infancy. ]\Ir3. Eliz-
abetii (}. Pryor died in \\'ilmington and is
buried in the Glen wood cemetery in Suiynia.
Jercnuah Pryor died at his home in 1877; he
is buried in the ilethodist cemetery at
Betlud church.

William < 1. Pryor was educated in the pub-
lie schools of district No. 70, Green Spring,
New Castle county, and has spent his whole
life on the homestead. After his father's
death, ]\rr. Pryor assumed the management of
the place. He is an energetic, progressive
farmer, has made many improvements, and
be^^ides general farming, has paid some atten-
tion to market gardening, ilr. Pryor's intel-
ligence and ability are well kno\\ai and appre-
ciated by his fellow-citizens. In April, 1S8S,
he was appointed road coiminssioner to fill the
vacancy caused by the resignation of John
Loekerman, and so efficiently did he perform
the duties of the oflice that he was elected
to tiie office in the same vear, re-elected in

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STATE OF DELA^YARE

36t

1892 for four years, and again re-elected in
ISOt). ^Ir. Prvor is actively interested not
only in tlie i)olitieal, but in the general wel-
fare of the eonnty.

William (J. Pryor was married, February
27, 1S72, to Annie Catherine (Jenell) ]\[c-
Chiin, daufihter of Pariett and Isabella (Da-
vid) Jenell, of Blackbird hundred, a\u\ widow
of John ilcClain. Their chihlren are: I.
AVilliani, at home; II. Jerennah, of Kent
county, Del., married Mary Stevenson, of
Kent county; III. ^largaret, residing in Wil-
nnngton, Del.; lY. and V. twins, Katie, at
home, and ]\raud, die<l in youth; VI. Oliver,
at home, !^^r3. Pryor is highly esteenu^d fur
her friendliness and hospitality. ^fr. Wil-
liam PrA'or, his wife, and family are members
of the ]il. E. church.

d'he children of John and Catherine (Jen-
ell) ^[cClaiu are: I. Sarah, died in youth;
II. John E., a fanner ^f Duck Creek hun-
dred; III. Archibald, of Puck Creek hun-
dred; IV. Thomas, of Duck Creek hundred;
V. one who died in infancy.

ANDPvEW W. WEBSTEE, P. O., Clay-
ton, Kent county, Del., son of Dickinson and
ifar}' A. (Bro\\^l) Webster, was born in -\i)-
poquininiink hundred, now Blackbird hun-
dred, June 5, 1S31.

The Webster family is of Scotch descent,
and is one of the oldest in the state of Dela-
ware, ^fr. Webster's paternal grandfather
was born in Scotland, where he si>ent his
youth. Long before the colonies had struck
a blow for independence, ]\Ir. AVebster, his
two brothers, and their widowed mother
sought a home in America. They settled on
the borders of Pejinsylvania, but afterwards
removed to Fieldsboro, Appoquinimink hun-
dred, Xew Cattle county, Del., where llr.
Webster established a blacksmith shop. He
was a sturdy, industrious workman, and was
highly esteemed by his neighbors. Diiring
the stniggle for independence, he was ever
ready to serve his adopted country, fighting
bravely in the ranks.

Dickinson Webster was born in Fieldsboro,
in 177."). His childhood was passed amid the
stirring scenes of the Uevolutionary war, and
his educational advantages were limited. Af-
ter sjiending several years as clerk in a store,
he turnc(l his attention to the cultivation of

the soil; purchasing a farm of 3G5 acres ia
Appoquinimink hundred. ^Ir. Webster made
this his homestc^ul, impronng the property
and cultivating it until the time of his death.
In his youth, Mr. Webster was a Whig, but
afterwards his convictions led him to identify
himself with the Democratic party. lie was
elected to represent his district in the stJite
legislature and discharged the duties of his
otlice very satisfactorily. During the war
of 1812, ]\Ir. Webster was drafted, but on
account of his \vife's illness he i^rocured a
sidjstitute. Dickinson Webster's tirst wife
was ]\[rs. Eachel Fields, a widow. Their
children are: I. Lydia, born Xoveniber 6,
1S02; II. Joseph, born July 12, 1801; III.
Jacob, born July 7, ISOG. Mrs. Webster died
on the farm and is buried in Union church
cemetery, in Appoquinimink hundred.
Dickinson Webster afterwards married l^[ary
Jones. Their children are: I. John W., born
November 23, 1807; II. Rachel J., bom in
]\rarch, 1807. Mrs. ]\rary (Jones) Webster
died and is interred in Union church ceme-
tery. Mr. Webster's third wife, Susan Nau-
dain, is also buried in Union church cemetery.
Their children are: I. Bcbecca W., bom No-
vember 11, 1813; II. William W., born Sep-
tendjer 2G, ISl'J. Mr. Webster's fourth wife
was Mary A. Browii. Their children are: I.
Henry I)., born August 13, 1827, resides in
Wilnungton, Del.; IF Sarah A., bom ^larch
20, 1.S2'J; III. Andrew W.; IV. Mary W., de-
ceased, bcirn ^May 4, 1834; V. Susan E. (Mrs.
William Thompson), bom August 12, 1S36;
VI. Anna ifaria (Mrs. Keubeu D. Uutledge),
deceased, born June 10, 1839; VII. Sarah J.
(.Mi-s. Joseph Layuuin), deceased, bora Janu-
ary 24, 1S42; VITI. James T., bom January
14, 184;"); IX. Samuel A., born September 8,
ls48. ilr. Dickenson Webster was a consis-
tent mend)er of the M. E. church in which he
was an exhorter. Jle was an intelligent gen-
tleman, well-i-ead, and interested in current
events as well as in religious questions. He
was moreover a diligent student (jf the Bible
and an eloquent speaker on Biblical subjeeta.
He died at his home in Blackbirtl hundred.
December 19, 1848, and was buried in Union
church cemetery'. ]Mrs. Mary A. (Brown "l
Webster, died at the home of her daughter,
Susan, near Odessa, Del., and is buried beside
her husband.

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562

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Andrew W. Webster received his educa-
tion in the public schools of district No. 71,
Blackbird hundred. lie remained at home,
working with his father, until lie was twenty,
lie then ser\'cd one year's apprcnticesiiip
witli Benjamin Sliaun, of Blackbird hundred.
After working at his trade for five years, he
.abandoned it and returned to countrv' life.
For twenty years lie farmed on rented land;
spending two years on the homestead in Xew
Castle county, five years on a f;u-m of 100
acres belonging to John Needles, in Duck
Creek hundred, Kent county, Del., and thir-
teen years in Blackbird hundred, New Castle
county, on a farm of 277 acres, also owned
by John Nee^Ues. Industry and strict econ-
omy had enabled Mr. Webster to siive a small
sum of money, and he was now able to pur-
chase 77 acres of the farm which he had
rented. He is not only energetic and indus-
trious, but a thoroughly practical and progres-
sive fanner. By his intelligent management
he has so improved his property that it fully
equals if not surpa.sses many of tlie farms of
the hundred. He has ]danted a pe;ich orchard
and erected a dwelling house ami bai'u at a
cost of more than $3,000. ^Mr. AVebster's
quiet, miassuming manner has made him
many fiiends, who have shown their appre-
ciation of his intelligence and ability by elect-
ing him to fill the ofiice of a^ssessor, tax-col-
lector, and school commissioner. ]Mr. Web-
ster was a stanch supporter of the Know
Nothing party, but afterwards identified him-
self with the Democracy, in whose ranks he is
an active worker. lie is a member of the I.

0. K. M.

Andrew W. Webster was man-ied in Black-
bird hundred, in 1S57, to Rachel (Kutledge)
Naudain, widow ofilichaol Naudaiu. She
ilied in 18G7, and is burie<l in Union ceme-
tery. In 1S69, Mr. Webster was married to
]\raria, daughter of William Clayton, of Ap-
poquinimink hundred. She died November

1, 18S3. :Mr. Webster wa.s man-ied in 1S85,
to Jose])hinp, daughter of Thomas P. and I>y-

•dia A. (Bagwell) Jefferson, who was bom in
Cedar Creek hundred, Sussex county, Del.

Iler family is one of the oldest in Dela-
ware, and traces its descent to Thomas JeflFer-
son, the "Father of Democracy," and the
foiinder of the Democratic jjarty. l^lrs. Web-
ster is an intelligent, well-wlucated lady, and
fur some time before her inarriai;i- \v;is en-

gaged in teaching. Mr. Webster and his \vife
are members of the Methodist Fi)isco])al
church, in which lie has been a trustee for
thirty years. Mr. Webster is highly esteemed
for his faithfulness, and unswerving ad-
herence to principle. He is strictly temper-
ate in all his habits, and never drinks liquor,
or uses tobacco in any form. Like his father,
ilr. Webster is fond of reading, and a dill-
gent student of the Bible.

EDWIN F. THOMAS, P. O. Clayton,
Kent county, Del., son of A\'illiam W. and
Sarah E. (Holt) Thomas, was born in Cecil
county, ]\Id., :\Iay 28, 18.^3.

ilr. Thomas' gi-eat-gi-andfather, AVilliam
Thomas, tailor, passed the greater part of hia
life in Fieldsboro, Appoquinimink hundred,
New Castle county, Del. His grandfather,
John Thomas, a native of Chestertown, ]\Id.,
owned and cultivated a farm of 100 acres in
AppcKiuinimink, now Blackbird huudred,
New Castle county, Del. In recognition of
his service as a soldier in the war of 1812, Mr.
John Thonuis was granted a pension \\'ith ar-
reai-s to date; but the matter had been delayed
so long that the papers did not anive until af-
ter his death. He was man-ied to Isabella
Clark, who was born in (.Jueen Anne county,
:\Id. Their children are: I. William AV. ; 11.
John AV.; III. ^lai-j' E., married Abraham
Packard, buth deceased; lA". Sarah (Airs. Da-
vid King), of Camden, N. J.; Y. Alartha,
married Henry L. Packard, both dci-eased.
^Ir. Thomas' family were members of the
]\r. P. church, ilrs. Thomas died at the home-
stead in Blackbird hundred, in 1872; Mr.
Thomas in 1873. Both are buried in the cem-
etery at Salem church.

AVilliam AV. ThonuLs Wiis born in Chester-
town, ^Id., but grew up on his father's farm
in Blackbird hundred, remaining at home un-
til he attained his majority. He received a
good eilucation and for some time attended
the night schools of Philadelphia, Pa. After
spending several years in Chester county, Pa.,
as traveling agent for James Holt, wool man-
ufacturer, Air. 'Idiomas removed to ^Maryland
and rented a farm in Cecil county. In 1875
he returned to the scenes of his boyhood, and
settled on the homestead in Blackbird hun-
dre_d. ]\lr. Thomas was a good father and a
kind, con.siderate husband. He was also an
active citizen, interested in all that concerned

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1 '.;i • I ,;■

STATE OF DELAWARE

363-

the welfare of the county and the state, and
was loved and respected by his many friends,
lie was a Wliig, but afterwards ideuLitied
himself with the Republican party, and al-
though an active worker, never sought office.
William W. Thomas was married at
Smyina, Kent county, Del., to S;irah E.,
daughtec of James and Elizabeth (Hill) Holt,
who was born near Newark, New Castle coun-
ty, Del. Her parents were natives of Lan-
cashire, England; her father was a wool
nn^nufacturer of New Castle coimty. The
children of William AV. and Sarah E. (Holt)
Thomas are: L Frances, died in infancy; II.
:\lary J., died in 1891; III. Marion V.; IV.
John II., fanner; V. James C, fruit grower,
Ixis Angeles county, Cal. ; VI. Elizabeth H.,
died in childhood; VII. William C, of Kan-
sas; VIII. Edwin F.; IX. Anna I., died in
1S79; X. Catherine V. (Mrs. E. G. Russell),
of Kansas; XI. Winfield Scott, graduate of
Johns Hopkins University, class of '39, prin-
cipal of the high school at Petaluma, Sonoma
cmmty, Cal.; XII. Elizabeth (Mrs. Burgison
Young); XIII. Henry C, died in infancy.
!Mrs. Thomas and the family are members of
the if. E. church. Mr. Thomas died at t)\e
homestead in the spring of 1S75, only a few
months after his return to Delaware; he is
interred in the cemetery at Salem church. Ilia
widow resides in Kansas wth her son, Wil-
liam C. Thomas.

Edwin E. Thomas attended the public
schools of Cecil county, ifd., and during the
summer worked with his father on the farm,
until 1S75, wlien his parents removed to the
homestead in Delaware. After assisting on
the fann for a short time, he went to Wilming-
ton, Del., and for two years worked in the
carshops of Jackson & Shaqi. Returning to
Blackbird liundre<l, ifr. Thomas leased the
farm of James Reynolds for three years. Ta
ISSG he removed to his present home, a fann
of 60 acres, which he still cultivates, raising
grain and paj-ing particular attention to the
rearing of fine cattle. !Mr. Thomas is intel-
ligent, well-read, a student of political econ-
omy, and has directed his attention particu-
larly,to the interests of the fanner. In 1890
he was elected on the Republiean ticket of
New Castle county to a seat in the State Legis-
lature. During his term of office he repre-
sented his constituents faithfully and effi-
ciently, supporting all measures which, in hi-!

judgment, would benefit the state; and care-
fully guarding the interests of agriculture.
He served on several iniportant committees,.
discharging his duties conscientiously. In
caring fur the interests of the state, Mr.
Thomas has not neglected those of the com-
munity. Always active and energetic, he has
served as judge of elections, and as clerk of
the board of school commissioners of Black-
bird hundred, and by his honesty and ability
has won the respect and confidence of his fel-
low-citizens.

Edwin F. Thomas was married in Smyrna,
Del., in 1881, to Lucy P., daughter of James
and ilary (Field) Reynolds, of Blackbird
hundred. Their children are: I. Han-y R.,
at home; II. Edith May, at home. Mrs.
Thomas died in 1891:, deeply mourned by her
family and many friends; she is buried in the
cemetery at Salem church. ^Ir.. Thomas' sis-
ter ^Marion makes his house her home, and
cares for him and his motherless children.

CHARLES ^Y. JARRELL, P. O. Tay-
lor's Bridge, New Castle county, Del., son of
John W. and Ann Comwell (Butler) Jarrell,
was bom in Appoquinimiuk, now Blackbird
hundred, October 13, 1837.

The family is one of the oldest in Dela-
ware, ilr. Jarrell's gi-andfather, John W^.
Jarrell, a native of Delaware, was educated
for the ministry and was ordained in the
]\Iethodist Episcopal church. He was for sev-
eral years pastor of Asbury Methodist church,,
in Wilmington, Del. John W. Jarrell mar-
ried Elizabetli Serverson. Their children,
were: I. Freeborn, born September 14,
1785; IL John W., born April 16, 1788; IIL
Susanna F., born ^fay 19, 1790, all deceased.
Mr. Jarrell died at his home in AVilmington,,
Del., ^lay 22, 1796, and is buried in that city,
under the church in which he officiated. His-
widow married Peter Hardup. She died in
Blackbird hundred and is buried in the cejn-
etery of Friendship church.

John W. Jarrell was a native of New Cas-
tle county, and received his education in the
public schools of the district. He chose his
father's occupation, and ownied and culti-
vated a farm in Appoquinimiuk, now Black-
bird hundred, ^[t. Jarrell's first wife was
Sarah Hart. Their children are: T. John,
deceased; II. Eliza, deceased ; III. ilartha.
^frs. Jarrell died and was buried in the c.i:iii-

7,

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364

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

etery of Friendsliip church. Ilis second wife
was Elizabeth Staats; their only child died
in infancy. ^Irs. Elizabetli (Staata) Jarrell
died at her home in JMaekliird hundred, and
Avas interred in Friendship cemetery. ^Ir.
Jarrell's third wife was Dorcas 'rhomi)S()n;
their only cliild, James, died in youth. Airs.
Dorcas (Thompsi-m) Jarrell, is buried
in Friendship cemetery. Air. Jarrell's
foin-tli wife was Ann (Cornwell )
Butler, daughter of John and Sarah (Feni-
inore) Connvcll, of New Cattle county, and
widow of John Butler. Their children are:
I. Fannie B., deceased; II. William 11., died
in Indiana; III. Susan, died in Indiana; IV.
Charles W. Air. John W. Jarrell died in
ISoO; his wife in Indiana, in 1800. She and
her family were membei-s of the AI. E. church.

The children of John and Ann (Cornwell)
Butler are: I. George W., an inmate of a
Soldier's Home in Virginia; II. and IIT.
Chaidotte and Alary, twins, the latter deceas-
ed; IV. Sarah A. (Airs. William Taylor).

Charles W. Jarrell received his education
in the Walker school in Blackbii-d hundred.
lie remained at home, working on the farm,
until his father's death. In 1852 he went
with his mother to Indiana, where he found
employment as a laborer. After his mother's
death, Air. Jarrell returned to Delaware, and
learned carpentry with his brother, John
Jarrell. At the end of three years he aban-
doned his trade and returned to farm labor.
In ISGO Air. Jarrell began farming on his
own account, on renteil land, spending One
year on the Ginn tract, a farm of 200 acres;
nine years on the Gardner tract, a farm of 100
acres; and seven years on the Gardner farm of
200 acres. In 188(5 he bought his present
home, a farm of 97 acres, formerly owned by
Capt. T. J. Cooper. Air. Jarrell is a practi-
cal and progressive farmer; he has improved
his property, and without neglecting the or-
dinary grain crojTs, has devoted some atten-
tion to raising' fine cattle, in which depart-
ment he is very successful. Air. Jarrell was
a member of the Bepublican party, but In's
l)rinciples have led him to identify himself
with the Prohibitionists. He is a firm advo-
cate of the temperance cause, and never uses
licjuor or any intoxicants.

Charles W. Jarrell was married in Febru-
ary, 1809, to Sarah J., daughter of Isaac
Staats, of Blackbird hundred. She was born

near Taylor's Bridge, Appoquinimink hun-
dred, and is a sister of Isaac, Abraham, and
James Staats, of B.lackbird hundred. Their
only cliild died in infancy. AIi-s. Sarah Jar-
rell died in 1.S70, and is buried in the ceme-
tery at Friendship church. Air. Jarrell was
married in 1872, to his sister-in-law, Emily
Staats. Their children are: I. Annie J., of
Philadelphia; II. Ella, of Philadelphia; III.
Harvey D., at home; IV. Florence, at home;
V. Ira, died in youth. Air. Jarrell is a mem-
ber of the AI. E. church, in which he is an ac-
tive worker, and holds the office of class-
leader iuid trustee.

CHARLES SHKFFFLER, P. O. Clay-
ton, ]vent county, Del., son of Joseph and
Catharine (Alitchel) ShretHer, was bom in
Rockland township, Venango county, Pa.,
September 14-, 1812.

'^I'he Shreffier family is of German descent
and it^ members are widely scattered in the
counties of Pennsylvania. Air. Shreffler's
groat-grandparents were natives of Germany,
who sought a home for their children in the
land of freedom. Their son, Charles, Air.
ShrefHer's grandfather, was bom during their
voyage across the Atlantic. Charles ShretHer
grew u]) in Central Pennsylvainia. He re-
ceived a good education in the subscrijjtion
schools of the district, in which German only
was used, and learned cabinet mating. He
settled in Centre county. Pa., where he found
employment at his trade until the time of his
death. Charles' Shreffier was mamed in Cen-
tre county to Aliss Mart/.. Their children
are: I. Daniel; II. Samuel; III. Charles;
IV. Catharine (Airs. Weaver); V. Sophia
(Airs. Stover); VI. Joseph; VII. Alary, died
in youth. Air. Shreffier and his family wi-re
members of the Evangelical ciiurch. He and
his wife ditil at their home and are buried in
Centre county. Pa.

Joseph Shreffier was born in Centre coun-
ty in 1815. He received a good education
in German, and could also read and write
English. After serving an apprenticeshi]) in
tailoring, he removed to Rockland township,
Venango county. Pa., and devoted his atten-
tion to his trade. Air. Shreffier cast his first
vote for a AVhig candidate, but afterwards
became a Rej)ul)lican. lie was nnirrieil in
Rockland townshij), to Catherine Alitchel, a
native of Union county. Pa. Of their twelve

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I ■ ?.«.; .J

STATE OF DELAWARE

2,i\l

cliildren, three died in infancy. Those wlio
reached niiUurity are: I. William, deceased;
II. Charles; III. Sophia (Mrs. Simon AVise),
of Clarion county, Pa.; IV. Kebecca (Airs.
Ilanisiin Mong), of Clarion county; V. Jos-
eph, of Kockland townsliij), Venango county,
Pa.; VI. Afary (Mi-s. Cieorge ShremerJ; Vl'l.
Jane (AIi-s. John Shreiiler), deceased; VIII.
John, of Olarion county, Pa.; IX. Andrew, of
Franklin (ity, Venango county. Pa. .ioseph
ShretHcr and liis family are members of the
I'hangelical churcli. He died in 1881, at his
home in Venango county, where liLs widow
still resides.

Charles Shreffler's educational advantages
were viry limited. Until he was fourteen he
attendeil the public schools of Kockland
township; but the winter terms were ver}'
short, and he was obliged to work during the
summer. Charles was a bright lad, (juick to
sec and imitate, yet patient to overcome ditti-
oulties. These qtialities enabled him to learn
shoe-making without serving an apprentice-
shi]). lie worked for one year in his native
county, and having mastered the det;uls of
liis trade, was emidoyed as a journeyman. In
1SG2, .Mr. Shreffler removed to Clarion coun-
ty where he worked at shoemaking for sixteen
years. At this time, failing health obliged
him to abandon his trade. Ilis industry ami
frugality had, however, enabled him to save
a small sum of money, and finding that land
was cheajKT in Delaware than in Pennsyl-
vania he resolved to try his fortunes in tlit>
I Hamond State. Therefore in 1883 he jnir-
chased the farm of James Powell, situated in
lihickbird hundred, New Castle* county, and
established his family in their present home.
Mr. ShretHer has been very successful; he is
industrious and enteqjrising, and, not content
with general farming, has spent over $1,000
in im[)rovenients, planting apple and peach
flrehards. lie also pays great attention to liis
cattle, and his live stock is of tine quality and
in excellent condition, ilr. Shrettter enlisted,
l'\'liruary ti, 180-1, at Franklin, Venango
county, Pa., in the Eleventh Pennsylvania
Cavalry, Company A, Col. Speer, Capt. Ring-
land, and was sent at once to Camp Copeland,
at Pittsburg, Pa., and thence to AVilliams-
burg, Va. During his term of service he took
part in thirteen engagements and was in the
hosjiital at Point of Rocks for six weeks. At
the close of the war, he Wiis mustered out at

jVIanchester, Va. ^fr. Shreffler is an active
worker in the Republican ranks, and greatly
deplores the want of unity in the l)arty. lie
has served his county as school commissioner
for several terms, and has won the resjM'ct and
esteem of his fellow-citizens. ^Ir. ShretHer
is a member of Hancock Post, No. 2l>, (!. A.
P., Smyrna, Del.; of the I. O. O. F.; and of
the (! range of Clarion county. Pa.

Charles ShretHer was married in 1808, in
Clarion county. Pa., to Lavinia J., daughter
of J. M. and Fliza (Barlett) Pest, of Clarion
county. Pa. Their children are: I. Frances,
widow of John Lorah; II. Orpha (Mi-s. J. C.
Pryor); of Blackbird hundred, New Castle
county; III. Elizabeth (ilrs. William Iler-
bock), of Kent county, Md.; IV. Mertie; V.
Alice, died in youth; VI. Addie; VII. Es-
tella; VIII. Pruna. .Mr. Shreffler and his
family attend the M. E. church.

APRAM S. EEEDER, P. O. Clayton,
Kent county, Del., son of Abrain and Jane
(Mott) Reeder, was born in Deerfield town-
shij), Portage county, Ohio, January 8, 1842.

^Ir. Peeder's grandparents were of English
descent, and were among tlie pioneer settlei-s
of Ohio. His father, Abram Reeder, a native
of Ohio, owned antl cultivated a farm of 100
acres in Deei-tield township. Portage county.
Besides general farming, Mr. Reeder dealt in
live stock, and owned and managed a flax-
mill. During the Civil War, he was wagon
master in the quartermaster's department;
and his death was caused by the exposure he
endured while in the service, ilr. Reeder
was a Whig, but aftenvards became a mem-
ber of tiie Republican party. His first wfe
was Rebecca Ferrah. Their only child was
ilary (ilrs. J. Sawyer), deceased. ]\Irs. Re-
becca Reeder die<l in Portage county, Ohio.
Abram Reoder's second wife, Jane ^lott, was
of English descent, and a member of one of
the oldi'St families of Portage county. Their
children are : 1. Elizabeth (]\Irs. Baldwin):

II. Uarretta (ilrs. John Barrow), of Oln'o;

III. Clara, married Henry Robb, a farmer
of Portage county; IV. Cora, widow of .Mr.
il. Oswidd; V. Annie, widow of J. I). Pe-
tei-son; V I. Abram S. ; VII. Daniel, killed in
the oil fields. .Mr. Reeder was a moralist; his
wife was a member of the Presbyterian
church. Both died and are buried in Deer-
fii'ld township.

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366

BIOGRAPniCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Abram S. Kecder attended the public
schools of Deertield township, and the graded
schools of Alliance, Ohio. He joined the
quartermaster's department, June IG, 18U1,
and during the Civil War drove an auuiuini-
tiou team. After spending two and a half
years with the army, ilr. IJeeder returned to
Deertield township, Portago county, Ohio,
and for three years farmed the homestead. In
18(37 he went to Iowa, but after eleven yeara
removed to Clariitn county. Pa., and became
interested in the oil fields. lie was fairly suc-
cessful and dealt in oil for years. In 1SS2
Mr. Reeder removed to Delaware, and bought
a tract of unimproved land in Blackbird hun-
dred, Xew Caatlo county. By intelligence,
energy and enteqirise, he has turned a barren
waste into a fertile jjroductive vineyard, and
has given much attention to tiie cultivation of
strawberries, raspberries and small fi-uits, in-
creasing the yield and at the same time im-
proving the quality. His 4,000 vines produce
over fifteen tons of grapes annually, and his
fruit is so fine, that it finils a ready market in
Philailelphia, New York, Boston, and the
cities of the Eastern and Atlantic states. Mr.
Eeeder is a member of the Ivepublican party,
affable in manner, liberal in his views, ami
deeply interested in everything that will ben-
efit the state and promote industrial growth.

Abrara S. Ree<ler was married in Gustavus
township, Trumbull county, Ohio, to ilary
J., daughter of the late James and Jane (Dun-
lap) Shaw. Their adopted daughter, Rosa
(]\fi'S. II. C. Smith), resides in Green Spring,
Blackbird hundred, New Castle county, Del.
]\rrs. Reeder is well educated, friendly in
manner, interesting in conversation, and hai
proved herself a veritable helpmate to her
genial and enterjirising husband. After her
parents' death, ifiss Shaw found a home in
the family of ^fr. Ree<ler's uncle, where
Abram Reeder learned to know and appre-
ciate her worth, ^fr. Reeder and his Avife are
members of the ^I. E. church, at Clavton,
Del.

Mrs. Reeder's father, James Shaw, a native
of England, was married to Jane Dunlap, who
was born in Scotland. A few years after their
marriage they emigrated to America and set-
tled in Xew York City. Of their six children,
three died in youth. Those surviving are: I.
Mary J. (Mrs. Abram S. Reeder); TI. John,
of Iowa; TIL James, of Towa. INfr, Shaw was

a marble-cutter and granite polisher; his last;
work was done on the National Capitol at
AVashington, D. C; he died in New York
City in 1S57, and is buried in Greenwood
cemetery; his wife died in Brooklyn, in ISoO,
and IS also buried in tu-eenwood cemetery.

HON. RICHARD FERGUSON, deceas-
ed, of Blackbird, New Castle county, Del.,
son of Bassett and Susan T. (Weldon) Fer-
guson, was born on the old Ferguson home-
stead near Blackbird, New Castle cornitv
Del., May 11, 1832.

Bassett Ferguson, farmer antl merchant
was of Scotch descent. Jfe was one of the
hi-st merchants in Blackbird, where he after-
wards managed a hotel, and at the same time
filled the ofiice of post master, using one of
the rooms of the hotel as a post ofiice. ifr
Ferguson was of quiet and unassuming man-
ner, of sound judgment, and a benevolent dis-
position. His fellow-citizens testified their
respect and confidence by electing him to rep-
resent his county in the General Assembly of
the state. Two of his sons were afterwards
honored as members of the same body. Bas-
sett Ferguson was married to Susan T. "Wel-
don. Their children are: I. Richard; il.
Martha, married T. A. :\Ioore, il. D of F.^l-
ton, Del.; III. Colon; IV. Susan (Mrs. Chas.
B. Satterfield), Blackbird, Del.; V. Mar>' El-
len, married Mortimer Ricords, a farmer of
Blackbird hundred; VI. Temperance, mar-
ried Richard Brockson, merchant. Blackbird.
Del.; VIII. Benjamin B., M. D., engaged in
the pharmaceutical department of the Uiu-
versity of Pcnnsylvama. [Mr. Ferguson and
his \vife were members of the M. E. church.
He died in November, 1853. His widow was
married to Vincent 0. Hill, of Blackbird hun-
dred.

Colen Ferguson, brother of Richard Fer-
guson, was bom at Blackbird, Del.', October
25, 1835. He attended the public schools of
the district, and for one year studied at the
New Jersey Conference Seminary. ~ After
spending two years in the store of "Crouch &
r)avis, at Odessa, ifr. Ferguson returned to
the homestead. He is an intelligent fanner,
and obseiwcr of the needs and growths of spe-
cial grains. His peach orchai-ds, on which he
has bestowed careful attention, contain thou-
sands of trees, and each year amply repay him
for the cnre and investment. "S\r. Ferguson is

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STATE OF DELAWARE

3G9

actively interested in the educational agencies
of the neigliliorhood, and is one of the direc-
tors of tlie district school. lie is a member of
the Democratic party and was elected to rep-
resent his county in the State Legislature, au
honor entirely unsought. He resides on the
homestead, a fertile farm of 200 acres. Colen
Ferguson, was married, June ."5, 18G8, to Cor-
delia, daughter of Joseph A. Lord, of Odessa,
Delaware.

Richard Ferguson attended the public
schools' of the district, but his opportunities
were so limited that he might be called self-
educated. He was a thoughtful reader and
a diligent student, not only of history, but of
current events, and intelligent and instructive
in conversation, ilr. Ferguson remained at
home, working with his father on the farm,
and for yeai-s devoted his whole time to lius-
handrv. In 1852, when only twenty years
old, ho was appointed postmaster of Black-
bird, being the youngest postmaster in the
United States, ilr. Ferguson received from
Governor Burton the appointment of justice
of the peace, in Blackbird, and for seven years
discharged the duties of his otSce promptly
and ethciently. ilr. Ferguson was a Demo-
crat, an active worker, interested in all that
concerns the welfare of the sUite. In 1857 he
was elected to the State lyOgislature to tili
the vacancy caused by the death of Hon. Bay-
man Deakyne. Possessing marked abilitj'
and judgment, and being an eloquent speaker
and debater, ifr. Fergtison also brought to his
public duties the patient and conscientious
attention which had made liim successful in
private life. He was a member of several im-
portant committees, and his course was so
satisfactory both to his constituency and to
the public that he was re-elected in 1888.
During tlus term, Mr. Ferguson was chainnan
of the Committees on Elections and on the
Adulteration of Foods, and a member of the
Committees on Crime and PunishmentSj
Printing, and the Enrolling Bill. In 1890
Mr. Ferguson removed to iliddletown, New
Castle county, where he opoTud a Hour and
feed store. In 1891 he receiveil from Gover-
nor Biggs the appointment of justice of the
]ieace of St. George's hundred, New Castle
county. He filled this office for seven
years. His knowledge of law and equity
])roved invaluable, and his judgments were
almost invariably sustained by the higher
21

courts. Mr. Ferguson's kindness and sym-
pathy won for him many friends, who relied
upon him as their trusted adviser and helper.
For seven years he was trustee, and for two
years treasurer of the poor, receiving both ap-
pointment.s from the Levy Court.

Hon. Kichard Ferguson was married at
Blackbird, Del., in lStJ-1, to Bathsheba H.,
daughter of Thomas and Ann (Barlow)
DeakjTie, and sister of Thomas Deakyne of
Blackbird hundred. ilrs. Ferguson was
born in Blackbird hundred. Their only child
died in infancy. j\Ir. Ferguson and his wife
were members of the M. E. church. She was
a benevolent Christian woman and a devout
wife; she died in 1892, at iliddletown, Del.,
and is buried in the cemetery of the M. E.
church. Hon. Kichard Ferguson died in Feb-
ruary, 1898.

JOHN B. MAHONEY, Kirkwood, New
Castle county, Del., son of John C. and Cath-
erine (ilcCann) Mahoney, was bom in New
Castle, Del., August 12, 1858.

John C. Mahoney, father of John B. ]\Ia-
honoy, was born in County Cork, Ireland.
His parents died when he was a child, but he
found a home with his uncle, Daniel Ma-
honey. His educational advantages were very
limited; he was, however, an intelligent boy
and made good use of the time alhjwed him.
John C ilahoney remained with his uncle, as-
sisting with tlie general farm work until he
was twenty. In 1850 he left Ireland on a
sailing vessel bound for America, and landed
in New York City. He obtained employ-
ment as longshoreman, working for Mr. Glid-
den, the well-known stevedore. Mr. Ma-
honey was industrious and reliable, qualities
which command succees, and which his em-
ployer was quick to recognize and to reward,
by making him foreman of a gang. For five
years he was employed in this capacity by ilr.
Glidden, unloading English railroad iron in
winter, and spending the summer montlis be-
tween New Orleans, La., and St. Louis, Mo.,
superintending loading and unloading of cot-
ton. In 1855 Mr. ^lahoney, still in the em-
ploy of ^Ir. Glidden, removed to New Castle,
Del., to superintend the unloading and bor-
ing of English railroad iron for tlie Delaware
railroad. In 1857, he was sent to Kirkwood,
Del., to take charge of the packing and ship-
ping of the apj)le crops of the Merritt Paxton

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870

III or, n A PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

orcliiU-Js. For two successive seasons ^Ir.
(ilickleii ])iirclias«^'d the entire crop, paying
$5,0U0 each year. 'J'hese apples were sold in
the nuirkets of New York, and foreign <-ities.
In ISj'J Mr. Malioncy was eniiiloycd on the
Delaware railroad as construction foreman,
handling wood and fruit trains. In ISGl he
was niatle supervisor of Section No. I of tlie
Delaware division of the P., W. & B. II. K.
This position he has lield for thirty-seven
years, ilischarg-ing his duties promptly and ef-
ficiently, giving entire satisfaction to the
company. During this time he has made his
home in Xew Castle, Del., where he is well-
known and respected, ilr. ]\Iahoncy is self-
educated, well-read, intei-esting iu convei-sa-
tion, genial and agreeable, fond of a joke and
always ready to meet jest with jest. Ivnowing
the value of education he is dejply interested
in the question of puLlc instruction and has
amply pro\'ided for his children those advan-
tages which were denied to himself. Mr. Ma-
honey is a prospermis business man, owning
twenty houses and building lots in Xew (,'as-
tle. He is a reliable citizen, popular in the
comnumit}', and has been for some time trus-
tee of the Commons of New Castle, of which
body he is the oldest liNTug member. He is
a mendjer of the Democratic jiarty, and al-
though actively interested in local affairs, has
never sought political preferment. John C.
JMahoney was married in New Castle, in 1857,
to Catherine ilcCann, of New Castle. Mrs.
]\rahoney is a native of New Cixstle, Irish hy
descent; she still lives in the house and sleeps
in the room in which she was born. The chil-
dren of John C. and Catherine (ilcCann)
l^^ahoney are: I. John B. ; II. Katie P., well-
educated, was for some time a teacher; III.
Ellen (^Irs. (^eorge ilcDaniel), died leaving
two children, i. ^laric, ii. Helen, both of
whom live with their grandfather; IV. ]\[ar-
garet, received a fine education; V. Rcgina,
M. S., a talented musician, and a teacher in
the public schools of Philadelphia, Pa. ; VI.
Anne ]\r., assistant ])ostmistress of New Cas-
tle, Del.; VII. Cecelia I., an eificient teacher
at Summit Bridge, Del. ^fr. ^lahoney and
his family are devout members of the Poman
Ca tin die cliurcli.

John B. ^lahoney was educated in the jiub-
lic sidiools of New Castle, graduating under
Professor Hay, now Prefect of Oirard Col-
lege, Philadelphia, Pa. He was an energetic.

industrious boy, and at fourteen, having com-
jdeted his education, he began to earn his own
living. He secured a position :is errand boy,
carrying water for a construction gang, re-
ceiving $l.-i.j i)er day. 'J'hrce yeai-s of ser-
vice proved his industry and ability, and his
reward was a position vu a construction gang.
For five years he worked with this gang and is
a track walker. He was not only a rL-liidJo
workman, but was intelligent, studioas, and
anxious to take advantage of every opportun-
ity for improvement. He therefore liegan to
st\idy tclegra))hy luuler John Colb<jurne iu
the railroad otfice at New Castle, February
14, llS7y. rnrcmitting industry enabled him
to make such rajjid jjrogress that in Septem-
ber of the same year the company ajjpointed
him extra operator at Clayton and other
points along the line.

In 18^0 Mr. ^lahoney was promoted to the
position of princijial agent and telegraph op-
erator at Porter, Del., where he remained un-
til 1883, when he was transferred to Kirk-
wood, Del. For sixteen years he has held
this important position, giving entire satisfac-
tion both to the company and to its |iatrons
by the fidelity, punctuality, and consideration
with which he has discharged the duties de-
volving upon him. He is now general sta-
tion agent and also the agent for the Adams
Exi)ress Company, and for the Western Union
Telegrajjli Company. Mr. Mahoney owes
his rai)id promotion to his sobriety, industry
and courteous demeanor. He has won for
himself not only popularity, but the respect
aiul confidence of the community. He is also
a siu'cessful business man, and besides his
comfortable home in Kirkwood, owns a well
etdtivated and fertile farm iu Peucader hun-
dred. New Castle county. ^Ir. ^lahoney is
interested in local affaii-s and has identified
hiinself \\"ith the Democratic party. He is a
mendjer of the Pailroad Relief Corps, and of
the I. 0. II., of Summit Bridge, of whicdi so-
ciety he is secretary.

John B. ^lahoney was married in New
Castle, in 18S5, to i.\avy B., daughter of Sam-
uel J. ifcC'all, ex-Levy Court Commssioner,
and proi)rietor of a livery establishment in
Wilmington, Del. !Mrs. ifahoney is a na-
tive of Bed Lion hundred, New Castle coun-
ty. They have one child, Kegina, at school,
^fr. j\rahone3' is a member of the Roman
Catholic church.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

371

CIIARLKS H. SALMOX, J. P., Smnmit
Bridge, -Xc'w Castle county, Del., son of -loliii
2, ami ^lary (Plummer) Saliuon, was born
in I'eneader hiinilred, New Castle county,
Del., February 1, 1852.

'J'lie yalniun family, which is of English ex-
traction, has long resided in Pcncader hun-
dred. John Salmon, grandfatlier of Charles
]I. Sahnou, was a native of New Jersey, and
the son of an Knglishuian. While he was yet
a young nuin, he came to Didaware, and going
into Pencader hundred selected there a place
for the house he was to occupy until his death.
His tirst employment was driving the sta^e
between Frenchtown and New Castle, ami
for several years he was engaged. in this work,
which in that early time had so much fascin-
ation about it. -AfterAvards he threw asiih;
the cracking whip and taut reins and devoted
all his energies to growing grain and otlu'r
fann crops in Pencader hnndrc<l. lie was a
Dein(X-rat, but never held any office. John
Salmon married Keziah, daughter of George
Patten, born in Pencader hundred. Her fa-
ther ctitablishod the mdely known Patten's
ilills. Mr. and ilrs. Salmon had children:
I. George; II. Daniel; III. William; IV.
John, 2; V. Eachcl (Mrs. Charics W. Big-
ger), of Summit Bridge; VI. James; VII.
Joseph. Mr. Salmon died in Pencader hun-
dred in 1831», and ]Mi-s. Salmon died near Elk-
ton, ]\ld. Botli were members of the ^L E.
churcli. ^li-s. Salmon was very amiable, and
luid many friends.

John Salmon, 2, was born in Pencader
hundred in 1827. He was a jnipil Lii the dis-
trict schools, and aided his father on the farm
• for a number of yeai-s. He then learned plas-
tering and worked at his trade in Delaware
andMaryland. The last twenty years of his
life he spent in Pencader hundred. He was
^ a Democrat, but had no desire to hold j)ublie
oiHce. In 1819, John Salmon, 2, married
]\Iary, daughter of Phili]) and Sarah Plum-
mer, born at Bohemia ilanor, Cecil county,
ild. Their children were: I. Charles H.; II.
Laura and HI. (ie<irgiana, twins, the fonuer
married '!'. H. Armstrong, of ]\Iiddletowi.,
Del., the latter, who is deceased, was the wife
of George Clark, of Red Lion hundred; IV.
John E., plasterer of !Middletown; V. Evelyn
(ilrs. James H. Kane), of Newark, Del. Mr.
Salmon died on his farm in ISSl, and was
buried in Bethel churchyard, Cecil counly,

ild. ilrs. Salmon resides in Middletown.
ilr. Salmon and his family were members of
tiie :\I. E. cinirch.

Charles II. Salmon attended the public
schools in Cecil county, ,Md., at
Dover and in J'cncader liiindrcd, Del.
Erom his father he learned jdaster-
ing, and gave his attention to that trade
for fourteen years, jirincipaliy in New Castle
county. In 1885, .Mr. Salmon came to Sum-
mit Bridge and established himself in mer-
cantile business. His capital was small, but
he exercised priulence, adopted practical busi-
ness ideas, and in the thirteen intervening
yeai-s has made his venture prolitable. He
t>\vns now, in addition to his store, a fann of
11^5 acres in Pencader lumdred, on which he
has made many imjirovements and upon the
cultivation of which he si>ends much time and
labor. The various offices he has filled and
the many enterprises in which he is interested
demonstrate his vei-satility and capability. He
has been a stockholder and manager of the
Summit Creamery Co. since 18'Jli, and' has
conducted its affairs in such a manner that
large dividends have been earned; he was
elected assessor of Pencader hundred and
filled the office four years; was school com-
missioner, and clerk to the board for three
years; was register of the votei-s of Pencader
hundred and Judge of Elections for six ^^cars;
was appointed i>ostmaster of S\immit Bridge
in 1885, under the fii-st Cleveland adminis-
tration, and filled the office for four yeara
with credit to himself and to the satisfaction
of the patrons; was re-appointed to the office
in 1893, and served the public four more
years; was appointed justice of the peace of
Pencader hundred by Governor Biggs in
1888, and made a record rarely equaled, in
that only one appeal from his decision was
taken to the higher courts in seven yeai-s; was
re-ajipointed justice in 1S95 by Governor
Watson for another tenn of seven yeai-s; was
a])pointed trustee of the poor of New Castle
county Ly the Levy Court in 1894, and has
been president of the board of trustees for
two years, ilr. Salmon is a member and tnis-
tce of Sunuuit Conclave, No. .'502, I. 0. IL,
of I'encader hundred, niemberand treasurer of
Puck Council, No. 18, Jr. O. IT. A. ]\L, and
nuMuber of St. George's Lodge, A. O. U. W.,
of Ked Lion hundred. Justice Salmon is an

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372

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

unswerving Democrat, and an earnest advo-
cate of tlie principles of liis party.

On June 13, 1878, at St. George's, New
Castle county, Charles II.' Salmon mairied
Belle, daughter of Daniel and Jo.s<.'phino
Kelty, born in Pencader hundred. Her par-
ent.s are old residents of Delaware. The
children of Mr. and Mrs. Salmon are: I.
Henry E., died young; II. Jacob 1).; III. Jo-
sephine; IV. Charles II. (2). Mr. Salmon
and his family are membere of the ^I. E.
church.

PETER B. ALRICIIS, Summit Bridge,
New Castle county, Del., son of Wessel and
^rary Ann (Bowers) Alrichs, was born at
Glasgow, New Castle county, Del., Novem-
ber 7, 1847.

The Alrichs family is descended from the
first Dutch governor of the colony in Dela-
ware, under whom the settlement whose
centre was New Amstel, now New Castle,
grew in nimibei"s and prosperity. A sketch of
Jacob Alnchs' life and services \vill be found
in our chapter on the (iovernors of Delaware.
^Vessel Alrichs, grandfather of Peter B. Al-
richs, v.'as thro\ighout his life a fanner of New
Cnstlo county, Del. His children were: I.
William; IT. Rebecca (.Mrs. Samuel Pogue);
III. Wessel, father of Peter B. Alrichs. Wes-
sel Alrichs was boni in 1800; his parents
died wliile he was young, and he was i-eared
by his aunt, Mrs. Petei"S. He learned tailor-
ing, and worked at this trade for some years
at Odessa, then Cantwell's I^ridge. Later in
life, he became a farmer of Pencader hundred,
having bought a farm near Glasgow, on which
ho resided during the remainder of his life,
ilr. Alrichs supported the Whig party.

AVessel Alrichs was mamed at Odessa to
^Nfary Ann Bowers, a luitive of that town.
They had children: T. William, died in mid-
dle age; II. Elizabeth, died an infant; III.
Margaret, also died in infancy; IV. John, of
Ercdericksburg, Va.; V. Charles W., mer-
chant; VI. Elizabeth (ifrs. John R. Gonce);
VIT. Samuel, merchant, has served as state
senator; VI IT. Rebecca, died young; IX.
Jfary Ann; X. Peter B. iMrs. Wessel Alrichs
died at the home of her son, Samuel Alrichs,
in Glasgow, Del., November 2G, 1887, in her
eighty-fourth year; both she and her husband
are buried in the Presbyterian churchyard at
that place; they were members of the Prcsbj'
tcrian church.

Peter Alrichs was only six years old when
his father died. During the short winter ses-
sions, he attended the public schools of Pen-
cader hundred, and remained with his mother,
a.ssisting with the farm work, until he was
eighteen. In 1804 Mr. Alrichs secured a sit-
uation in New York, with his uncle, who was
engaged in manufacturing extract of hemlo<-k.
In 1SG8 he returned to Glasgow, Del., and
st)on after began business for himself as a
general merchant at Summit Bridge, DeL
I'or twenty-nine years, i\Tr. Alrichs luis Ix'cn
a merchant in this j)lace, and has built up an
extensive and still increasing trade. His
ability, unremitting industry and enterprise,
have been am|dy rewarded by success, while
his pleasing, acconuiiodating manner, and
conscientious regard for the interests of his
customers have won him not merely popu-
larity, but respect and confidence. In 1889,
Mr. Alrichs was appointed postmaster of Sum-
mit Bridge, under President Harrison. Mr.
Alrichs has conducted the business of his of-
fice so satisfactorily, both to the department
and the community, that he was re-appointed
by President iTclCinley. A staimcli Rei)ubli-
can, ifr. Alrichs is an active and efficient
worker for the success of the ])arty. He is
a mend)er of Sunuuit I^ridge Conclave No.
202, I. O. IT., and of Summit Bridge Council,
Jr. 0. U. A. ]\r.

Peter B. Alrichs was married in Philadel-
phia, December 27, 187G, to ^lary E., daugh-
ter of Samuel ]\[. and Ruth (Batton) Enos,
who was born in Odessa, New Castle countv,
Del. Their children are: I. George E. ; IT.
Price B. ; ITT. Ruth C. ; IV. Nevada B. lir.
Alrichs and his \x\ie and family ai-e members
of the M. E. church.

]\fi-s. Alrichs' grandfather, Archibald Enos,
farmer, wa.s of French lineage, and was one of
the earliest settlers of Delaware. He was
man-ie<l to Jane ]\[cCooml)s. Their son, Sam-
uel M., father of ;Mrs. Alrichs, was bom in
New Castle county, Del., ]\rarch -1, 1822.
Samuel Enos was educated in the public
schools of New Castle county. When he had
attained his majority, he removed to Read-
ing, Pa., and became a plasterer, serving his
apprenticeship ^\^th his uncle, Thomas iTc-
Coondxs. ^Nfr. Enos worked for several years
at liis trade in Delaware and ]\rar\-land, and
some years later bought a small place near-
Odessa, Del. He also dealt in live stock, and
for many years Innight cattle extensively, for

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.■, I ■■■tj

STATE OF DE LAW ABE

373

shipment to the eastern markets. For some
time, he was an auctioneer in Odessa. A few
^'ears a^o, Mr. Enos retired from business antl
removed to his present liome in that city, to
enjoy tlie comfort and ease which he has fully
earned by his unremitting industry and
economy. He now lives in Christiana hun-
<lred. - Mr. Enos is a Ivepublican, and has held
various offices in the district, winning the re-
spect and confidence of his fellow-citizens by
proni]it and conscientious discharge of his
duties.

Samuel Enos was marritil to Ruth, daugh-
ter of Henry and Elizabeth Hatton, who was
born in Pencader hundred, ISTew Castle county.
Their children are: I. Henry A., uf Odessa;
II. J-.lizabeth, died in youth; III. Paish A.,
died in youth; IV. ]\rary E. (Mrs. Peter P. Al-
richs); Y. Kuth Ella, died in youth, ilr. Enos
and his \vife and family are members of the
M. E. church, ifi-s. Enob died at her home
at Odessa, in 1S70, and is buried in the ceme-
tery of the -M. E. church. She was a devout
Christian, beloved and honored in the com-
nuinity.

JOHX W. DAYETI\ P. O. Cooch's
Bridge, New Castle county, Del., son of
Adam and Eliza (Hendrickson) Dayett, was
born in Pencader hundrwlj^ ilarch 10, 1837.

His grandfather, Adam Dayett, Sr., was a
well known citizen of New Castle county,
where he was during all his life engaged in
farming. He married Sarah Wiley; their
only I'hildren were twins: I. Adam; II. ilary
(Mrs. Thomas C. Bradley), deceased. ^Ir.
Dayett died, and was burietl in New Castle.
!Mrs. Dayett was married a second time, to
Thomas Bradley, a famier residing near
Newark, Del.; she died on the Bradley firrm,
and was buried in the churchyard of the Pres-
byterian church at Head of Christiana, of
■which she had been a member.

Adam Dayett, Jr., was l)orn in New Castle
county, June 12, 1809. Being very young
wlicn his father died, he was reared in the
home (jf his stepfatlier, ^Mr. Bradley. When
he became a young man, he began fanning
on his own account, on rented jn'opertics; he
spent five years on a farm at Chestnut Hill,
Pencader hundred, five years on iIcCooinl)'s
farm at Cooch's Bridge, fifteen years at Kirk-
woo<l, on the ^lorgan farm, and two yeai-b en
the I'homas Bradley farm, in the same hun-

dred. In 1853, Mr. Dayett bought the Mc-
Nameo farm, of 80 acres, and a grist mill,
now known as Dayett's mill, which he con-
ducted for thirty-five years, and then retired
from business. He is now si>ending the even-
ing of his days in well earned rei)ose at Wil-
nnngton, Del, being almost a nonagenarian,
but enjopng the sound physical health that is
best obtaineil by a life of moderation and
industry. Mr. Dayett cast hLs first presiden-
tial vote in 1832, for the Whig candiilate, and
his last for the i)resent chief magi-^trate of
the nation, President McKinley. He has
filled the offices of school commissioner
and tax collector for Pencader hundred,
and has been a member of the Le\'y Court of
New Castle. Adam Dayett, Jr., was manied
near Newark, Del., by Rev. Thonuus Water-
ton, to Eliza, daughter of Hiram and Eliza-
beth (Tyson) Hendrickson; she was born at
Newark, Del., January 5, 1813, and is still
living, the sharer of her husband's tranquil
home in Wilmington. Their children are: I.
Thomas, farmer and miller, of Pencader hun-
dred; II. Nathan, farmer, of White Clay
Creek lumdred; HI. John W.; IV. ]\Iarga-"^
(Mrs. William P. Tull), of Wilmington. Mr.
Adam Dayett has for seventy yeai-s been a
faithful member of the M. E. church, and has
served his congregation as steward, trustee
and class-leader.

Not content ^\•ith scholastic training in the
public schools, John W. Dayett has been all
his life a reader and a close observer, and has
thus gained a usefid fund of practical wis-
dom, and kept himself well-informed upon
current topics in general. He has also been
diligent in business, working early in life on
his father's farm, and as apprentice in the
grist mill, learning the trade from William
Salmon, then miller for Adam Dayett. Hav-
ing aecjuiral a thorough knowledge of the
biisiness, he worked for his father in the ca-
pacity of journeyman, and some time later
entered into an agreement with his father to
conduct the mill on shares. This aiTangement
was continued until 1SS8, when John W.
Davett rented the mill, and managed it suc-
cessfully and profitably until 1S94. He then
bought the well known Cooch's mill, one of
the finest in the state, situated near Cooch'j
Bridge, in Pencader hundred. To this mill
he had added all the latest improvements, in-
cluding new rollers; the mill now has a ca-

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374

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

pacity of 300 buslic-ls per day. ilr. Dayett
employs five men as helpers, but gives his
whole attention, personally, to the business.
TJiis painstaking care, together with his up-
right and honorable business eharaeter, and
his afl'able manner, luis won for Mr. Dayett
general respect and confidence, and sec\ired
-the success of his enterprises. He has always
given his support to Republican principles,
and was elected, on the ticket of that party,
to tlio oftice of assessor of Pencader hundred.
John W. Dayett was first maiTied in 3 858,
in Pencader hundred, to Elizabtth, daughter
of Samuel and Ann Wright, of that hundred.
]\Irs. Dayett's brother, J. Thomas Wright, is
the coroner of New Castle county. The chil-
dren of that marriage are: I. Elwood, a baker,
of AVilmington, Uel. ; II. Henry L., hotel
keeper, Glasgow, Del.; III. John Shemian;
besides one child that died in early infancy.
'Mrs. Elizabeth Dayett died in 1878, and was
interred in the cemetery of Salem il. E.
church, in White Clay Creek hundred, ilr.
Dayett's second wfe was Emma, daughter
of Jonathan and Elizabeth (Vandegrift)
Ciroves, of White Clay Creek hundred. Their
children ai-e: I. Lillie K., a pupil in the New-
ark Academy; II. J. Irvin, studying at Dela-
ware College. ]\Irs. Dayett is a lady of good
taste and intelligence; and, wth her husband
and family, is a mendter of the ^I. E. church.
Besides being a class-leader, Jlr. Dayett is
active in the Sunday school, which he has
served as both teacher and superintendent.

EDWIN S. ARMSTRONG, Cooch's
Bridge, New Castle county, Del., son of
Horatio Gates and Margaret (Stroud) Ann-
strong, was born near Norristowni, i\rontgom-
ery county, Pa., December 13, 18-12.

The Armstrong family is one of the oldest
in Pennsylvania. Early in the last century
some of its representatives settled in ilont-
gomery county.

Edward Armstrong, stone-mason, grand-
father of Edwin S. Armstrong, was Lorn at
Bryn ilawT, Montgomery county. Pa., and
was educated in the public schools of that dis-
trict, ilr. Armstrong was a skillexl workman
and from a master-mason became a builder
and contractor. Some edifices whch bear \vit-
ness to his clever workmanship are still to.be
seen in Bryn IMawr, among them the old Bi-yn
MawT Baptist church. !Mr. Armstrong was

an old line AVhig, interested in the affairs of
the county, a good citizen, highly esteemed
in the comnuuiity. Edward Armstrong was
married to Ivuth Everhardt, who was descend-
ed from one of the old families of West Ches-
ter, Pa. Their children are: I. John; II.
Hannah; III. Horatio (i.; IV. Peter; Y. Mar-
garet, widow of Joseph Bailey, resides in Phil-
adelphia, Pa. All are dead except Margaret,
who is a nonagenarian, ilr. Armstrong and
his wife were devout members of the Baptist
church. Both died at Bryn ]\Iawr and are
buried there, in the cemetery of the old Bap-
tist church.

Horatio Gates Armstrong, father of Ed-
^vin S. Armstrong, was bom at Bryn ^fawr.
Pa. Ho received his education in the district
schools and learned papermaking. He worked
at his trade in ]\rontgomery county, Pa., until
1849, when he removed to Philadelphia, and-
began business for himself, first as a retail and
afterwanls as a wholesiile dealer in paper. In
1801 ifr. Armstrong began manufacturing
paper, buying a plant at Trenton, N. J., but
still retaining the establishment iu Philadel-
phia. He was not only a skilled papermaker
and a progressive business man, but also a
thoughtful, scientific metdianic. He was very
ingenious, fond of experimenting, and finally
invented a machine for making paper bags,
which was patented in 1858, and proved a
financial success. Mr. Annstrong was an old
line AVhig and afterwanls became a Republi-
can. He was an enthusiastic admirer of
Henry Clay and a stanch supporter of the
party, but not an office-seeker, ilr. Arm-
strong's honesty and ability won the respect
and confidence of the community, while his
kindness and genial manner made him a gen-
eral favorite. Horatio G. Armstrong was mar-
rie<l, in ]\Iontgomery county, Pa., to Mar-
garet Stroud, a native of Norristown, Pa.,
who was a descendant of one of the old AVelsh
fanulies of ilontgomery county. Of their
seven children four died in youth. Those
living arc: I. Thomas S., paper dealer, Cam-
den, N. J.; II. Edwan S.; III. Samuel S.,
chief clerk, with the rank of captain, in the
cpiarternmster's department of New Jei'sey.
ilrs. Armstrong died in 1860, in Philadel-
phia; she Ls buried in the cemetery of the
Baptist church, at BrjTi MawT. Mr. Arm-
strong's second wife was INfary Cathcart.
Their children are: I. Frank P., Trenton, N.

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STATE OF DK LAW A HE

375

J.; IT. ^Liry (Mrs. Frank Smith), of Trenton.
In the hitter part of liis life Mr. ArnLstrong
was a Second Adveutist. lie died in 1S7!),
at liis home in Trenton, N. J., where lie ia
liiu'ied in Kiverside ceuietcr)-.

I'Mwin S. Anustrong attended public
school for a short time, but his oi)i)OTtunities
were soJiniited tliat he may be called a self-
educated man. lie is a thoughtful reader
and an intelligent obsei-vcr. His studies have
covered a wide range of subjects including the
advanced English branches, higher mathe-
matics and the classics. Music also has
claimed a share of his attention. Talent and
practice have made him a fair performer on
the violin, his chosen instiniment. Mr. Arm-
strung remained at home, assisting his fatlier
until tlie breaking out of the war of the Re-
bellion, lie enlisteil in September, 18G2, for
three years, in Company I, Sixteenth Penn-
sylvania Cavalrv', Colonel J. Inan Gregg,
Captain William II. Fry. The regiment
formed jiart of the army of the Potomac and
fodk jiart in most of the battles in which that
army was engaged. lie was also for some
time detailed for service in the quartermaster's
depai-tment. Mr. Anustrong was mustered
out at Washington, J). C, in July, 18G5. Re-
turning to his Jiome in Philadelphia, he be-
came his father's partner in the paper st/ire,
and after his father's deatli managed the busi-
ness for two years. In 1880 Mr. Armstrong
became a stock-holder in the Pennsylvania
Pulp and Paper Company, at Lock llaveu,
Clinton county, Pa., and was elected secretary
and treasurer of the company. In 1882 he
retired from business, and removing to
Delaware, inirchased his beautiful home^
situated in Pencader hundred, New Castle
county. ^Ir. Armstrong owns several
other farms in New Castle and Kent
counties, Del., besides his personal property
and real estate in Philadelphia. He began
his business career without a dollar, but with
industrious habits, and an energetic, enter-
prising disposition. Economy, with jjrudence
and go<jd judgment in making investmenta,
have iirought him financial success and have
enabled him to devote his time to literature,
music and the quiet pleasures of domestic life.
His genial, unassuming manner nuikes him a
favorite in all circles. J[r. Armstrong is a
Republican, interested in local affairs, but has
always declined to accept otlice.

Edwin S. Armstrong was married in Phila-
delphia, June 5, 18US, to .Miriam, daujjljter of
Jacob Mayer, a merchant of Philadeli>liia.
'I'heir children are: 1. Florence, married
James O. C Dutfey, lawyer and author, as-
sistant editor of the Fhiladelpliia I'rcss; II.
Arthur, in the wholesale department of Straw-
bridge \' Clothier's store, Philadelphia, mar-
ried Xettie Schlessinger, an Austi-ian lady;
III. Allen, died age<l twenty-one; IV.
]\Iiriam, a musician and skilful pianist, mar-
ried Frederick A. AVeihc, Ph. D., who occu-
pied the chair of physics and electrical en-
gineering, North Car(dina College of Agri-
culture and ^lechanical Arts, Raleigh, N. C;
Y. Edwin S., Jr., of Philadelphia; VI. Ray-
mond E., of Philadelphia; VII. Howard M.,
a student in the State College of Delaware;
VIII. AVarren 0., at home; IX. Eugenie V.,
a fair violinist, a student at Delaware State
College; X. Frederick D.; XI. Ellis M.; XII.
Philip E. Mrs. Armstrong is an intelligent,
well-educate^l woman, refined in manner, and
vei7 hos])itable. Some of the children have
iidi'erited their father's musical talent and the
variety of instruments adds to the attraction
of this delightful home. Society has little
charm for Mr. Anustrong, wdio prefers the
jovs of his home to all its allurements. He has
hiuiself educated his children, preparing them
for college and instructing them in his much-
prized art.

J. THO]\IAS WRIGHT, Cock-Ii's Bridge,
New Castle county, Del., son of Samuel and
Ann (:McCaslin) Wright, was bom on the
farm on which he now resides in Pencader
hundre«l, New Castle county, Del., January
30, 1839.

]\Ir. Wright's grandfather, John Wright,
farmer, was bom and educated in New Jer-
sey. After farming for some time in his na-
tive state, ilr. Wright removed to Delaware
and bought 150 acres of land situated near
Salem Church, White Clay Creek hundred,
New Castle county. This land he cultivated
and improved, raising abundant harvests. He
was so successful that lie was able to retire
from fann labor, and removed to New Cas-
tle, where he spent the last five yeai-s of his
life. ilr. Wright was an old line Whig, in-
terested in local politics and a staunch sup-
porter of the party. John Wright was mar-
ried in New Jersey to ^liss Caspereon. Their

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37G

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

cliildren were: I. Richard; 11. Isaac; III.
Samuel; IV. Mary; V. Elizabeth; VI. Re-
becca. All are now dead. ..Mr. JohnWrif^ht
was a hardworking, honorable man. lie died
at his home in New Castle, in Iji^tJO. His
\\'idow was an earnest Christian; she died in
New Castle, one year after her husband's
death; botli are buried in the cenietiry at
Suleui church.

iSaniuel Wright, father of J. Thomas
Wright, "was born and educated in New Jer-
sey. When he was a young man his parents
removed to Delaware. Samuel went vnih
them and remained at home assisting his
father on the farm. After his marriage, .Mr.
A\'right removed to his wife's property, a fanu
of 14S acres in Pencader hundred, where his
son, J. Thomas Wright, now resides. Here
he spent the remainder of his life, cultivating
and improving the property, lie was not
onl}' a successful farmer, but also raised fine
cattle, ilr. Wright was an old line AVhitr,
and afterwards a Republican. lie was inter-
ested in political atfairs, ami held various local
offices. Samuel Wright was married to Ann
McCaslin, a native of ilaryland. Their chil-
dren are: I. William, died in the pritiie of
life; II. Anna Eliza, deceased, married John
AV. Dayett, miller; III. Abraham, a fanner
of Brandywine hundred, New CiU-^tle county;
IV. J. Thomas; V. Caleb, resides with his
brother, J. Thomas; VI. Samuel AV., New-
port, Del.; VII. Amanda (.Mrs. AVilliam Col-
lins), of AVilmington, Del.; A'lII. Franklin,
AVilmington, Del.; IX. George E., resides
■RTth his brother, J. Thomas. ^Ir. AVrigbt
died at his home in Pencader hundred, in
1808, and is buried in the ccmcteiy at Salem
church. His widow died on the farm in 181S0,
and is buried beside her husband.

J. Thomas AV right attended the public
schools of Glasgow, Del., in winter, and spent
the summer months working with his father
on the homestead. After his father's death
in 18C8, he assumed the entire charge of th ;
farm, and ciiltivated it for his mother until
her death. In 1880, having bought the in-
terests of the other heirs, ilr. AV right began
farming for himself, and for the past eigiitceu
years has been improving his property. lie is
a very successful I'anner and pays partii-ular
attention to Tiis live-stock, raising none but
fine cattle. During the war of the Rcbelliun
he enliste.d for thirty days' servici-, in tlie Sev-

enth Delaware Volunteers, Company B, Cap-
tain Henry, and was detailed for guard duty.
Mr. AVright is a Republican, a life-long
worker, and a firm sujiporter of the party
ticket. His fellow-citizens have recognized
his ability and integiity, and have electe<l him
to various local offices. For six years he was
a member of the board of school commission-
ers, and for two yeara was assessor of Pen-
cader hundred. In 180C, ilr. AVright was
elected coroner of New Castle county, Del.,
by a majority of one thousand, receiving not
only Rep\iblican, but the popular vote. He
has discharged the duties of his office promptly
and efficiently, giving general satisfaction.
31 r. AVright is a mendjer of the I. O. O. F.,
of New Castle.

J. Thomas AVright was married at AVil-
mington, Del., in 1881, to Mary E., daughter
of Thomas J. and Harriet iloore, who was
born in Pennsylvania. JMrs. AVright's father
was a blacksmith; he died on the AVright
farm, Pencader hundi-ed. The children of J.
Thomas and J\[ary II. (Aloore) AVrio-ht are:
I. Lola, at school; II. Samuel E.; 111. DeLi-
plain; lA^. Raymond; A''. Myrtle. Mr. AVright
is a member of the 31. E. church.

ilrs. AVright's parents, ]Mr. and Mrs.
Moore, died \\'ithin twelve hours of each
other and were buried on the same day in the
graveyard at Salem church.

JOHN BARBER, P. O. Iron Hill, Aid.,
son of Ezekiel and Hannah (Pollett) Barber,
was bom in 3Ianchester, Lancashire, England,
July 19, 1842.

His father, Ezekiel Barber, was bom at
Boulton, Lancashire, England, September 4,
1818. There he learned nail, nut and bolt
making, and for a number of years was an
extensive manufacturer in ^Manchester and
Boulton. He was successful in his business
until the great ])anic of 1842, wiien
he shared the harsh fate of many
and was financially embarrassed. In
1846 he disposed of his business
and sailed for the United States on the
Mononnahda. His wife, his son, John, and
his daughter, ilary Hannah, accompanied
him. On tJie trip across the Atlantic a daugh-
ter was born to him. Four weeks after leav-
ing Liverp(K)l !Mi"s. Barber died and her body
was biu'ied at sea. Three weeks later ]\Ir. Bar-
ber an'ived in Philadelphia, without his faitli-

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STATE OP DELAWARE

377

f ul helpmate and with two orphaned children,
one four and tiie other two years old. Tie
quickly found employment as a machine
smith an<l after remaining for six years in
I'liiladelphia, removed to Newark, Del., and
for ten years worked in the machine and agTi-
cultural implement shops of AViliiam Juhii-
son tV: I'o. AVliile a resident of Xewark he
purchased from William Slack, a tract of land
in Peneader hundred. This place is now
owned by his son. After cultivating his farm
until 1S72, he went to Philadelphia, where
lie re-established himself in the manufactur-
ing business, which he continued nntil his
death. He was a man of untiring energy, and
was fairl}' successful in his American business
ventures, ^[r. Barber was a Democrat but
never an asjiirant for an office at the hands of
Ills party. Ezekicl Barber married, at Stop
Port, near Manchester, England, Hannah
PoUett, who was bom at Stop Port. They
had children: I. John; II. Mary, married
Edmund Buttenvorth, of the Kiamensl wool
mills, Delaware. IMrs. Hannah Barber died
at sea in 1840. ^Ir. Barber man-ied the sec-
ond time, Mary Pilling, a sister of the Hon.
John Pilling, of !Newark, Del. Their chil-
dren were: I. Jonathan, died young; II.
William, manufacturer, Bridgeport, Pa.; III.
Ann; IV.. Ezekiel, 2, of West Chester, Pa.;
V. Ella (ilrs. Spencer Swain), died in Phila-
delphia; VI. Cieorge, of Philadelphia; VII.
Susan (Mrs. Andrew Smith), of Philadelphia;
VIII. Jonathan, deceased; IX. Chai'les, de-
ceaswl. !Mr. Barber died in Philadelphia in
1875. His body was buried in the graveyard
of the ^I. E. cliurch at Newark, ITel. Mrs.
Mary Barber is a resident of Philadelphia.
She is a member of the P. E. church and an
estimable woman.

John Barber attended the public schools of
Philadelphia until he was ten years old. Then
his father removed to Newark, where the boy
comjdeted his studies. Afterward he learned
iron-rolling at Conshohocken, ^lontgomery
county, Pa. He spent four years there, and
then worked in Ea.st(m, Pa., for throe years,
after wdiich he returned to Pencader hundred,
New Castle county, and purcha.sed the
"Chestnut" farm owned by his father. There
he has rebi<led for the past twenty-tivc years,
cultivating his land and giving particular at-
tention to growing of fruits and market pro-
duce. In fruit growing, especially, he has

achieved gratifying success. Mr. Barber
owns, also, a farm of 100 acres in Cecil coun-
ty, Md., near the Pennsylvania state line,
considerable real estate in Wilmington, and
a large amount of personal property, all ac-
quired by his industry and economy and clear
percciition of the marketable value of certain
farm jiri-Klucts. He gave his undivided atten-
tion to his business and made each venture
protitable. ^Mr. Barber has been clerk of his
school district for fifteen years. He is a Re-
publican and has voted his party's ticket since
he cast his tii-st ballot for Lincoln for presi-
dent.

On July 31, 1874, at Kemblesville, Ches-
ter county, Pa., John Barber married Ella,
daughter of John iind Jane (Bueher) Benge,
born in Chester county. They had children:

1. Emma (]\Irs. \Villiam ^IcCluskey), of New
Castle county, has two children, i. William,

2, ii. Ivalph; II. Lilly, student at Newark
Academy, a talented elocutionist, with a
promising future, and a veiy clever imitator
of birds' notes. Mr. Barber and family are
members of the Disciples' church.

John Benge, father of 'Mm. Barber, was
born near London, England, August 23,
1805, the son of William Norton Benge, M.
D., of Kent county, England. He was a
store-keeper of Tunbridge Mills until 1.840,
when he came to America and settled in Cecil
county, ild., near Kemblesville, Pa. He was
engaged in farming there until 1873, in which
year he removed to White Clay Creek hun-
dred, New Castle county, Del. A year later
he t<xik up his residence in Newark and lived
there until his death. Until the Ci\dl War,
]\Ir. Benge was a Democrat; afterward he
voted with the Beimblicans. John Benge
mamed, in Tunbridge Wells, England, Jane
Bueher, born in that place. They had
children: T. Sarah (Mrs. Thomas Stray-
horne), of Virginia; II. Jane, died at the age
of 18;IILWilliani, of Kemblesville, Pa. Mrs.
Jane Benge died in Wilmington. Mr. Benge
afterwards married ilary A. Woodhoms.
Their children are: I. Henry, of Chester
county. Pa.; II. James; III. ]\[ary (ilrs. Dr.
Ceo. Simmons), of Belle Centre, 0. ; IV. Eliza-
beth (]\Irs. Charles Herger), of Philadelphia;
V. Ella (Mrs. John Barber); VI. Bachel
(Mrs. Charles K. Sharer), of Philadelphia;
four children died in infancy. ]\Irs. Bengo
died in Newark, 18SC; Mr. Benge died in

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378

BIOORAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPhWIA

Newark in February, 1887; both were buriod
in the Union cemetery of tliat place. Mr.
Benge was a member of the Discii^les'
church.

GEOEGE L. BATTEN, P. O. Porters,

New Castle county, iJeh, son of ]\Ia]ilon and

-Ilan-ict A. (Jfercer) Batten, was bora near

Batten's stills, in Pencader hundred, New

Castle county, Del., February 7, lyiG.

lie attendtxl the public schools of Pencader
hundred, and there jjrejiared himself for en-
trance to Delaware College, at Newark. In
that institution he pun^ucd the general coui-se
of studies, under Dr. Purnell, and was gradu-
ated in the class of 1877. After leaving col-
lege he turned his attention to fanning and
milling, and was his father's assistant until
the death of the latter in 1S89, since which
time he has operated the flouring mill, and cul-
tivated a farm of 100 acres. lie has made
improvements in the long establishtxl mill
and upon the farm. lie is a scholarly man,
of genial manner, and thorough in his business
methods, lie devotes his time to his books,
his mill, his live stock, and his dairy. lie is
a member of the K. G. E., of Christiana and
has filled all the chairs. In politics he is a
Republican, and has rendered his party good
service.

Jlr. Batten is unmarried, and his household
is eared for by his sister, a lady of much force
of character and refinement. lie is a brother
of James Batten, of Red Lion hundred. New
Castle county.

HON. CHARLES AVALTON, P. O., L-on
Hill, Md., son of Elijah and Rosanna (Kleisz)
AValton, was born in Philadelphia county,
Pa., November 27, 1840.

ilembei-s of the Walton family settled
in Pennsylvania more than a century ago, and
their descendants have been prominent in po-
litical and commercial affairs in the "Key-
stone State" during the many intervening
years. Three brothers AValton came to this
country from F]ngland and selected Philadel-
phia county as their home in 17G0. In their
English home they had attained distinction
as able, progressive men, and as members of
the Society of Friends. Charles AValton is a
descendant of one of these pre-Revulutioruiry
settlers.

Elijah AValton, father of Charles Walton,

was born in Philadelphia county, in 1810.
lie attended subscription schools there and
afterwards engaged in farming. In 1854, he
sold his jjropcrty and rcnioxed to I'cncader
hundred, New Ca.-tlc county, Del., where he
inirchased a large tract of land, and cultivated
it until his death, lie was first a AVhig and in
his later years a Republican, but never sought
office. In ]S3;{, Elijah Walton married
Rosanna Kleisz, a native of Philadel]ihia
county. They had children: I. Alary (-Mrs.
AVilliam A. Baclie), widow; II. Charles; III.
-Margaret (Airs. Henry L. Connor), her hu.j-
band was wounded in the ci\Tl war; IV. John
E., died in ndddle age; A^ Caroline (AIi-s. Na-
thaniel Davis), of White Clay Creek huu-
dre<l, New Castle county; A^I. Stephen, of
Indiana; three children died in infancy. Mr.
AValton died on his farm in 1872, and ^frs.
Walton in White Clay Creek hundred, in
l8Si»; both were buried in the AI. E. grave-
yard at Newark, Del. Air. Walton died a
mend)er of the Alethotlist Episcopal church.

Charles Walton was twelve years of age
when his parents remove<.l from Philadelphia
county to Delaware. He had attended the
Ijublic scho(jls in Pennsylvania, and com-
])leted his school term in P(;ncader hundivd.
Air. AValton was married in lStJ2, then cidti-
vated the fann on which he now lives, and
which was then owned by Air. Fletcher Wil-
liamson, of Newark. For four years he waa
tenant there "on shares." From that place he-
went to the Ott farm for a year, and then to
the Jones farm for two years, and in 1870, he
was able to purchase his present farm of 100
acres in Pencader hundred, near the Alaryland
line. During the past twenty-eight years he
has made numy improvements w\)o\\ his land,
erecting a large house, fitted out with modern
comforts, such as steam heat, etc.; a barn and
other buildings, at an exjtenditure of more
than $5,000. He also j)urchased another
farm in Pencader lumdred, containing 150
acres, and this has been developed under his
personal supervision. Since 1862, Air. Walton
has given much attention to the raising of live-
stock and to the dairy business. He ha.s a
large herd of Jersey cattle on his fann and '
the output of milk and butter from his dairy
is large. His homemade butter is consid-
ered by many as the most palatable in the
state of Delaware, ilr. AValton is a self-
educated and self-made man, and stands liiglk

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STATE OF I) E LAW Ah' E

370

in the Cateciu of liis coiinmiiiity, for his life
has been iiiari^ed by vigorous labor, teinjjcr-
nte haliits, ami strict regard for his word and
tilt' lights of uthi'r iK'oplL'. Air. Walton lias
been a eonsistent and zealous advocate of
tenipcrance. From his youth lie has not used
liquors _and tobacco, and he has been foremost
in the endeavor to abate the nun evil. He
has always been an active supporter of the
Ju'publican party. In IS'JO, he was elwtcHl
to the State Legislature and served his con-
stituents faithfully. lie was made chairman
of three conunittees, and was a member of
several of the most important. Jlr. Walton
is a member of the Hiram Lodge, Xo. 25, F. A:
A. ,M., of Newark, and was a tnistee of tlie
organization; is a mendier of Oriental Lodge-
Xo. 1-2, I. O. O. F., of Xewark, ami a Past
(Jrand of that order; a member of Newark
Lodge, Xo. 5, K. of P., of Lodge No. 4 A. O.
V. W., of Newark, and of the Grange.

On December 31, 1862, Charles Walton
was man-ied to Margaret Jane, daughter of
]{cv. Stephen and Jane (Krewson) Ott, born
in Philadelphia county. They had children:
I. Lewetta May (Mi-s. Will>ert Layton), of
Bridge.villo Del.; 11. William B., merchant
and postmaster at Iron Ilill, Md.; III. Alice
L. (.Mi-s. Thomas S. Smith), of White Clay
hundred; IV. Mary L., at home, a woman
of culture and t»ducation; V. Charles E.,
farmer of Pencader hundred; VI. Edward O.,
at home; VII. Irvin K., at school; VILI.
Herbert, died young. All these children re-
ceived a good public sc1io<j1 and academic
education and are esteemed in their communi-
ties. !Mrs. Walton is a woman of refinement
an entertaining in conversation.

The Ott fanuly is well-known in Pennsyl-
vania, j\Iaryland and Delaware. The first
of the name to come to America was Andrew,
who was born in Germany and settled in what
is now Philadelphia county, Pa., before the
lievolution. lie became an ardent advocate
of the revolt of the colonies from the tyranny
of King (ieorge's rule and was aide-de-camp
to General AVasliington, during the Revolu-
tionary struggle. He suffered the same pri-
vations that made the fight for freedom so
sore a trial for the soldiers of the file, and his
enforced diet of black snake's flesh at one
time during the war, to save himself from
starvation, tells how enormous was the dis-
tress of the gallant Continental army. Air.

Ott died in Philadelphia county, Pa., at the
age of one hundred and two years and '-vja
buried in the Penny[)acker church yard. His
di'alh was mourned by nuniy, lor In: had al-
ways been a \alucd adviser and a lulpful
friend to those who applied to him. He had
several childreJi, one of whom was Leonard
Ott, grandfather of Mrs. Charles Walton.

Leonard Ott was l)orn in Philadelphia
county, Pa., and there he died. lie received
a good English education. His life was de-
voted to the cultivation of his farm. In his
piditical views he was a follower of Jefi'erson
and Jackson. He was twice married. His
children were: I. Edward; II. Augustus; III.
Andrew; IV. Stephen; V. William; VI.
Ann; VII. Elizabeth; VIII. Leonard (2);
IX. James; all of whom became useful citi-
zens. Mr. Ott was buried in the Pennypacker
churchyard. He was a member of the Bap-
tist church.

Stephen Ott, father of Airs. Charles Wal-
ton, was born in Philadelphia county Pa., iu
1^19. He received a good iMiglish education,
and assisted his father on his farm until he
reached his majority, when he learned brick
and stone masonry. That trade he followed
in the city of Philadelphia until 1S52, when
he removed to Pencader hundrwl, Xew Cas-
tle county, Del., and purchased a tract of
1.30 acres near Iron Hill, Cecil County, Md.,
from Corgus Maney. The land was a \\ilder-
ness. Air. Ott was a pioneer in that section,
and he proceeded to clear off the timber,
cultivate the ground, and gather abundant
cro])s, that yielded large money returns. He
was the first to introduce into his section the
growing of fruit. As for his acres, he plant-
ed them chiefly in small fruits, and
he was the first man to sell a wagon
load of strawberries in the Wihning-
ton markets. Air. Ott was a pioneer in
the profitable deveIoi)ment of the soil of Pen-
cader. He was zealous in the cause of re-
ligion; full of missionary spirit, and an ef-
fective preacher. In his early days lie was
a member of the M. E. clnirch, and for a long
time was an e.xhorter and local preacher.
Afterwards he became identified with the
Christian church, and having been ordained
a minister of that denomination labored
earnestly for it throughout the rest of his
life, jireaching from its pulpits week after
week without remuneration. He was the

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580

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

first to move for the erection of a church eJi-
iice known as the Ott chapel, iii Pencader
hundreJ, was the largest contributor to it,
anil preached in it for many years, ilr. Ott
was tiie tii-st to agitate the temperance ques-
tion in Pencader liundred. lie gave freely
of his nieiins f(H' the promotion of tiiis cause,
and brought many orators into the hundred to
plead for its adoption by the people. He or-
ganized a temperance society for the adults
of the neighborhood and a band of hope for
the young, and for a quarter of a century was
president and spy-itual adviser of the fonner.
He was widely known because of his activity
in the church and the tonipcrance cause. In
his political views lie was originally a Demo-
crat, but during the Cinl war he became a
Republican, and continued to support that
party until his death.

Stejihcn Ott man-ied Jane Krewson, who
was born in Philadelphia cotinty, Pa. They
had children: I. Catharine (Jfrs. Stephen
Ash); 11. Sarah A., ditnl young; III. ]\Iary
A. W., married Rev. 1). J. li. Strayer, a
Baptist minister of Philadelphia; IV. !Mar-
garet J. (Mrs Charles "Walton); V. Elizabeth
(Jlrs. Thomas Gentry). !Mr. Ott died in
1875 and was buried in the Ott cliauel grave-
yard; ^Irs. Ott died in Wilmington in ISSl;
she also was buried at Ott's graveyard. ^Mrs.
Ott Avas a very capable help mate to her hus-
band in his church and temperance work, and
was a good wife and mother.

DAXIEL SLACK, P. O. Iron Kill, ^Id.,
son of William and ]\rary Ann (Fisher)
Slack, was Lorn at Chestnut Ilill, Pencader
hundred, New Castle county, Del., November
6, 1S39.

Uriah Slack, grandfather of Daniel Slack,
Avas boni in Pucks county. Pa., iMarch 19,
1761. He was a soldier in the American
army dtiring the Revolutionary war and par-
tici]iated in a number of battles. After the
war he came to Delaware and settled at
Chestnut Hill, Pencader hundred, where he
purchased a tract of 150 acres of land and
where he resided until his death. He made
his farm one of the most productive in the
hundred, and erected substantial buildings
upon it. In his political views he was a
Federalist. Uriah Slack married in Bucks
•county, Pa., Jane Job, boni iu P)Ucks countv,
Anril fi, 1761. Thoy had cliildnn: 1. Auuis,

born February 3, 1780; II. Mary, born Jan-
uary 29, 1782; III. James, born April 1,
1784; IV. Enos, born June 21, 17SG; V. Re-
becca, born July 26, 17SS; VI. John, burn
February 16, 1791; VII. Uriah, 2, born No-
vember 11, 1793; Vlll. Daniel, born Sep-
tember 9, 1796; IX. Lewis, born .hmuary 2,
1799; X. Richard, born July 2, KsOl; Xl.
William, b.iru June 23, 1804. :Mr. and Mrs.
Slack died on their farm, and were buried in
the Welsh Tract Baptist churchyard; they
were members of the P^aptist church, kindly
and respected people.

William Slack, father of Daniel Slack, was
born at Chestnut Hill, Pencader hundred. lie
attended subscription si-liool and assisted his
parents on the home farm imtil he reached
his majority, when he learned augennaking.
That trade he followed for several years in
in Pencader hundred. As he was the young-
est member of the family he took charge of the
homestead farm on the death of his parents
and cultivated it until his own death. He
devoted much of the laiul to peach culture,
and became one of the naost successful gi-ow-
ers in the county. He paid much attention,
also, to market gardening aiid made it jiro-
fitable; in these lines he was a pioneer. Tlie
large returns which he obtained le^iding many
others to follow his example, sei-ved in a great
measure to give jirominence to peach cultur^i
and market gardening in northern Delaware.
Mr. Slack was esteemed for his entenjrise
and for his attractive personal qualities. He
was for three tenns a conmiissioner of the
Levy Court for X^ew Castle county, and was
also road commissioner, school commissioner,
assessor, etc., in Pencader hundred. He was
originally a Whig, but in liLs later years was
a stanch Republican. William Slack mar-
ried !Mary Ann Fisher, a native of Chest-
nut Hill, and a member of an old Delaware
family. They had children: I. Joseph, died
young; 11. Sarah J. (Mrs James }*Iiggett),
deceased; HI. Daniel; IV. John; V. Uriah,
died young; VI. Elizabeth (Mrs. James Mc-
Cullough), deceased; VII. William, and
\T;II. Zachariah, twins, died young; IX.
Samuel, of Chester, Pa. ilrs. Slack died on
the farm iu 1879; ]\Ir. Slack died in ISSii,
both were buried in the family lot in the
Welsh Tract Baptist churchyard. They were
members of the Welsh Tract church.

Daniel Slack attended the public schooh

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STATE OF DELAWARE

381

of Pencader hundred and remained on the
home farm until he was twonty-two yoara
old. Then he bceured employment as brakes-
man on the P., W. & B. K. K., and was shortly
after promoted to fireman, ^fwo years later
ho was made engineer, and for twelve years
)iilote<.l |)assengers and freight on the tracks
operated hy the P. & It. Co. After sixteen
years of railroad work he relinquished it and
in 1888 returned to the homestead. For the
past ten years he has devoted his time and
energy to raising stock and growing fruit,
grain and garden produce, lie is a very in-
dustrious man and this in a great measure
accounts for his prosperity. ]\Ir. Slack was
a road commissioner in Pencader hundrel.
Politically he is a Republican.

On :\ray 15, 1870, in Pliiladelphia,, Daniel
Slack was married to Alice Buckley, of Phila-
dcl|iiiia, a native of Cheshire, EugVuul.
Their children are: I. Harriet, died 1872; II.
iMary (Mre T'liarles F. "Walton), of Pencader
lauulred; III. Elizabeth, deceased; IV.
Alice; V. ^Mary II.; VI. Sarah, died young;
VII. Ben K., at school; VIII. Daniel. Mr.
Slack and his family are members of the
Baptist church.

Mrs. Daniel Slack is of English descent.
Jler father was John Buckley, a stone-cutter,
wlio was born in Brickton, Cheshire, England,
came to America in 1854: and worked at his
trade in Philadelphia. In 1S5C he was em-
]iloved by the United States government at
Fort Delaware, and was drowned there. He
was a member of the P. E. church. John
Buckley was married in his native shire, to
Ann Howard. Tliey had one child, Alice,
;.lso born in Brickton, Cheshire, England,
^[rs. Buckley came with her child one year
before her husband's death. She afterward*
married Ben Hanson, a native of England.
!Mr. and llrs. Hanson had children: I.
Anna, died j'oung; II. Mary, died young; III.
(^frs. George Webb), of Philadelphia, ^Mrs.
Hanson died in Philadelphia.

Jolui Slack, P. O. Iron Hill, 'Md., son of
"William and Mary Ann (Fisher) Slack, was
born in Pencader lumdred, New Castle coun-
ty, Del., iS^ovember 30, 1841.

He attended the pulilic schools of Pencader
hundred, and remained with his father on the
farm until the death of the latter. After
t''at he conducted the farm until ISSS. In
tliat vcar lie removed to the farm of 1(55 acres

in Pencader hundred, which he had purchas-
ed and has spent the last ten years in the de-
velopment of this ju'operty. In addition to-
his grain crops, Mr. Slack has large annual
yields of peaches, and market produce, and
rears fine cattle. He is a good farmer and
a genial gentleman, and is happy in the es-
teem of his neighbors. He is a Republican,,
and an earnest supporter of his party's can-
didates.

In 1883, in Chester, Pa., John Slack was
married to Anna E., daughter of John and
Ilettie (Philips) LeGates. They have chil-
dren: I. Sarah A.; II. .John L.; III. Jennie
1).; IV. Samuel S. ; V. Joseph W.; VI. Ilet-
tie P.; VII. Helen G. ]\rr. Slack and family
are members of the Baptist church.

IMrs. Slack was born near Laurel, Sussex
county, Del. Her father Wiis a soldier in the
Union army in the Civil war, and it is thought
was killed and b\n-ied in an unmarked i^Tave.
Mrs. LeCiates makes her home with ilrs.
Slack. She is seventy-six years old, but of
a sunny disposition and a general favorite in
a large circle of acquaintances.

T. POSEBY :Mc]\IULLEN, P. O. New-
ark, Del., son of James and Sarah Louisa
(Boulden) IMc^rullcn, was born in Pencader
hundred, New Castle county, Del., May 9,.
1801.

The !Mc^Iullen family is of Scotch-Irish
descent, and the name is an honored one in
Pennsylvania, ^Nfaryland and Delaware.
James ilc^Iullen, father of T. Poseby ilc-
!Mullen, was bom in Chester county, Pa., in
1824. When James ircirullen was five
yeara old his father died, and he came to Pen-
cader hundred to make his home with Daniel
Cann, a farmer. His opportunities for ac-
quiring an education were few, but he im-
proved them, devoting himself to study when
not employed at farm duties. He remained
with his foster-father until he was twenty-
one years old and then became a tenant farmer
in various parts of Pencader hundred. For
twenty-one years he occupied the fann of
Richai'd T. Cann, a brother of his foster-
father, and died there. He was an energetic,
intelligent gentleman who deserved and en-
jo3'ed the esteem of those who knew him.
In his political opinions he was a Democrat
but never soiiglit nor would accept an office.

James ^Ic Mullen married Sarah Louisa,

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382

BIOGRAPIIIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

daughter of I'honias U. Bouklen, iind niece
of JesdO Boiildcn, a highly respeeted citizen of
Peucatler hundred, iler father was the hist
survi\-ing person who witnessed the burning
uf Frenehtown, !Md., by the JJritisli during
the war of 1812. Mrs. McMullen was born
in Pencader hundi-ed. J\Ir. and ilrs. ^Ic-
iMullen had children: I. Catharine (ilrs.
• Henry George), of Cecil county, Md.; II.
David B., farmer of Pencader liuudred; III.
]\Iargaret (Mrs. John T. Boys), of New Cas-
tle liundred; IV. T. Iloseby; V. Bachcl (Mrs.
AViiliani Cieorge), of Xew Castle liundred;
^'I. James, 2, of Pencader hundred; VII.
Richard, of Wilmington; VIII. Lilly (Mrs.
Peese George), of Ciicster county. Pa.; IX.
Caroline; X. Clement, of Bed Lion hundred;
Xcw Castle county; Laura, Lydia, and an
infant died young, ilrs. ^IcMullen died on
the farm in IS?!); she was a consistent mem-
ber of the ^I. E. church of Glasgow, a good
wife and mother. ]\Ir. ^Icilullen died in
1886; he was an attendant of the M. E.
church. lie and Mrs. ilcilullen were buried
in Bethel cemetery, ^larjdand.

T. Boseby ilcilullen attended the public
schools of Pencader hundred, as a youth, and
reccive<l there a g(X)d education. Until he
was twenty-two years old, he remained with
his father, and then began his career inde-
pendently. He obtained employment on the
farm of Delaware Clark at Glasgow, and after
four yeai-s there, leased a farm' in Pencader
hundred. Progressive, untiring in his work
and careful of his finances, he made and saved
money, and in 1891 purchased from G. W.
Evans, of X'ewark, the farm at Chestnut Hill,
Pencader hundred, on which he now resides.
For the past seven years he has given his at-
tention almost exclusively to the growing of
fine varieties of peaches and has met with very
gratifying returns from his orchards. Mr.
Mcilullen is a popular man in his community.
He has filled the office of school commissioner
for three years, and was elected by the Demo-
crats in lSil-1 assessor of Pencader hundred
and re-elected in 1895. He has proved a
capable officer and has discharged his diffi-
cult duties to the satisfaction of the tax pay-
ers. ]\Ir. IMc^hillen is a member of Alinne-
haha Tribe, Xo. 23, I. 0. P. M., of Newark.
On November 5, 1880, in X'ewark, Did,
by Bev. Dr. Vallandigham, T. Boseljy :Mc-
!NIidlen was married to Hannah P., daughter

of William E. S. and Eliza J. (Foard) Earr,
and born in Elktun, .Md. They liave chil-
dren: I. Edgar; 11. AVilber; HI. Tliomas
Baymond; IV. Bubert Hamilton. Mr. Mc-
iluilen and family attend the M. E. idiunli.
William E. S. Barr, father of .Mrs. .Mc.Mul-
len, was burn in Pencader liumlrL-d, June 21,
1840, the son of Captain William S. Barr,
who was for many years, agent at French-
town, Md., for the Frenchtown B. B. .Mrs.
Barr is a member of a well-known Pencader
hundred familv.

THOMAS McINTIllE, P. 0. Elkton,
Md., son of Samuel and Matilda (Buulden)
Mclntire, was born in Pencader hundred,
New Castle county, Del., May 24, 1859.

The ^Iclntire family is an old and esteemed
one in Delaware and the Easteni Shore of
j\Iaryland. Andrew Mclntire, grandfather
of Thomas ilclntire, was born and educated
in Scotland. When he had completed hi^
term of school he came to America, choos-
ing Frenchto-\ni, Cecil county, Md., for his
home. He was in the service of the French-
town Packet Co. for a time, and was after-
wards empluyed by the Freinditown B. B. Co.
He was in Frenchtown when it was burned
by the British during the war of 1812 and •
narrowly escaj>ed injury from a British ritie
bullet. After the abandonment of the
Frenchtown B. B., Mr. Mclntire purchased
a tract of more than 1000 acres of land in
Cecil county, ild., and Pencader hundred,
New Castle county, Del., and began its cul-
tivation. It was an unpromising wilderness,
but under his energetic attack forest:j siwn
gave way to waving fields of grain, and herds
of cattle browsed where foxes, wolves, and
catamounts had disported themselves unmo-
lested. He was a successful farmer, frugal
and industrious, temperate in his habits,
charitable, and always fair in his dealings.
He was well-read and infonned on all the
questions of the day. Mr. Mclntire gave to
each of his sons a large farm. In his political
views he was first a Federalist and afterwanls
a Whig, but never sought office. Andi-ew
.Mclntire was twice married. His first wife
was Polly Simpers. Their children were:
I.George; II. James; III. Samuel; IV. .An-
drew, 2; V.Thomas; VL Mary (.Mrs. George
W. Buulden) of Cecil county, .Md. .\ll are
dead except ilrs. Boulden." ilr. :\lclntire

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:1I I ,1.. ' .,!>,

STATE OF DELAWARE

383

married as his second wife ilrs. Sarah (FeiTJs)
Moore, widow of Dr. Moore. Tlieir son is
lIiiii'V, (leecased. Mr. i\[flntire died, and was
liuried in the Presbyterian ehurehyard at VAk-
toii, y\i\. His wives and his children were also
interred in the i'jikton graveyard. Mr. .Meln-
tire was an ei(h'r in tiie Presijyterian eimreii
for many years, and had been aetive in the
cstablishn'ient of tiie ehnreh at Klkton. In tlie
edifice at that phice is a nienioriai window
conjmeniorative of him.

Samnel Mclntire, father of Thomas Mcln-
tire, was born in Frcnelitown, j\Id., January
31, ISiiO. lie reoeive<l a good edncation in
the pul)lic schools and the Elkton Academy.
Wlion he attained his majority he began
farnang on a tract of 170 acres in Pcncader
Imndred, Del., owned by his father, of which
lie afterwards became jiosse.ssor. On it he
nnide nnmy imi)rovements, erecting a dwell-
ing honse, barn, etc. He was engaged in
farming for more than forty years; he raised
mncli live stock, and devoted a large jiart of
his land to fruit c\dture. For his own grati-
ficationhecultivated many varieties of llowers;
his flower gardens were not only his delight
but the ])ride of the community. lie was
an active Kepublican, but did not care to ac-
cept any office. Samuel Mclntire married
in Cecil county, Md., ilatilda Boulden, born
near Cllasgow, Del., sister of Jesse lioulden,
a much respected citizen of Pencader hun-
dred. Tliey had cliiiilren: I. Andrew, born
November 11, 1844, farmer of Kansas; II.
Sophia (!Mrs. J. W. Price), widow, born Sep-
tember (I, 1846; III. Florence (Mrs. Wil-
liam J. Ikown), of Cecil county, ]\Id,, born
January 30, 1848; lY. Samuel, 2, born July
IG, 1.S50, died July 3, 1854; V. ilary Ann,
boi-n July 23, 1852, died April 11, 1853;
VI. Amelia, born September IIJ, 1853, died
April 19, 1855; VII. Samuel 11., born July
l!i, 1855, farmer, of Indiana; VIII. Matilda,
born Se]itember 23, 1857, died March 10,
1891; IX. Thomas; X. John C, born August
20, 18G1, farmer of Kansas; XI. ilary II.,
born ^larch 24, 1803, trained nurse in IMiila-
deljihia. ]\Irs. Mclntire died January 30,
1880, and was biu'ied in the Presbyterian
churchj-ard at Elkton, ifd. IMr. ]\lclntire
died on his farm July 11, 1883, and wa.s
liuried in the Flkton cemetery. lie was a
iucnd)er of the Presbyterian church and for
many rears a trustee at Elkton.

Thomas Mclntire attended the pul)lic
schools of Pencader hundi-ed and remained
on the homestiad farm with his i)arents until
he was twenty-two years old, when he removed
to Cecil county, Md. There he cultivated
his sister's farm on Elk river till Alarch, 1^91),
when he returned to the homestead, and has
resided there fin- several years. He has given
much attention to the cultivation of fruits
and nuuiy of his acres are covered with peach,
pear aiul apple trees. .Mr. ilclntire is a mem-
ber of Elkton Lodge, Xo. 22, Jr. 0. U. A.
]\I., and of Elkton Conclave, X'o. 319, I. O.
11. , of Elkton. He is a Pepublican but has
never desired to hold ofKce.

On December 10, 1S85, Thomas Meln-
tire married Mary Ann, daughter of William
T. and Margaret (Boulden) Boulden (cou-
sins), who was bom in the third district of
Cecil county, Md. Their children are: I.
ilargaret B., born December 12, 1880; II.
llenry ]\I., born December 13, 1888; III.
l^lsio M., born January 0, 1892; IV. Charles
ilarion, born January 28, 1894; V. Thomas
^., born JIarch 12, 189G. Mr. Mclntire
and family attend the Presbyterian church.

JAMES McINTIRE, deceased, son of An-
drew and ]\fary (Simpers) Mclntire, was boru
in Frenchtown, ]ild., Janiuiry 18, 1818.

He attended the district schools of Cecil
county, ]\Id., and the Elkton, Md., Academy,
lie began farming on what is known as the
"Greenwood farm" of 190 acres in Pencader
^uindred, N^ew Castle county, Del., near the
Maryland line, and there he spent his life-
time. The tract of land was covered wdth
timber when he undertook to cultivate it,
but by hard and ceaseless work he convert-
ed it into a fertile plantation. He made many
improvements upim it, one of them a brick
dwelling house, which was the mo.st ornate and
complete in that section. He devoted much
time to stock raising, ilr. JMcIntire was also a
surveyor, and his services as such were fre-
quently in demand. He settled up a number
of large estates to the satisfaction of all con-
cerned. ^Ir. ]\fclntire had a wide acquain-
tance in New Castle county, Del., and Cecil
county, Md., and he was respected wherever
known. He was a well-e<lucated and well-
road man and to him his neighbors for many
miles around went for information on cur-
rent events, historical, scientitic, or agricul-

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384

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tural subjects. In politics Mr. ilcTntire was
orig-inally a AVhig, and cast his tirst vote in
1840 for AVilliam Henry Harrison for presi-
dent. After tlie dissolution of that party,
he joined the Kepulilican ranks, and his last
ballot was for lienjamin Harrison for chief
executive of this country, in 1888. He was
never an ofHce-seeker.

On April 15, 18 02, in Cecil county, Md.,
James Mclntire was married to ^lary,
daughter of Henry H. and llargiu-et (Rick-
etts) Gilpin. They had children: I.
[Margaret Gilpin; II. Anna ilaria; III.
James; IV. Henry if. Gilpin. ]\[r. ]\lclntire
died on his farm July 13,18110, ami was buried
in the Elkton Presbyterian graveyard. He
was an elder in the Presbyterian cliurch, and
was an active laborer in the congregation.
Mrs. ilelntire continues to reside on the farm
of her deceased husband. She is a member
of two of the most distinguished families of
tlie Eastern Shore of ilaryland. She was
bom in Cecil county, !Md. Her brother,
Tiiomas Gilpin, is a well-known dentist of
iliddletown, Del., and son-in-law of ex-Gov-
ernor J. P. Cochran, of Delaware. Afi-s.
Mclutire is a woman of much culture and
force of character, who has a strong hold upon
the affections of those who know her. Her
children are all graduates of Elkton Academy,
and intelligent, refined young men and
women. They reside with their mother, and
their home is blessed %vith material comfort
and the happiness ensured by a helpful
spirit. ■^

JESSE BOULDEN, P. 0., Glasgow, New
Castle county, Del., son of Jesse and Hannah
(Griffith) Boulden, was born in Pencader
hundred, New Castle county, Del., March 20,
182G.

His ancestors, who came from Wales, were
among the first settlers in the Welsh tract in
Pencader hundred. Jesse Boulden, Sr., was
born in Pencader hundred in 1774. He was
educated in the district schools and in later
years, supplemente-d the limited knowledge
he obtained there, by close study and well-
directed reading. He was the owner of a farm
of 1 80 acres and cultivated it xintil his de;ith.
He was a stanch supporter of the Democratic
party, and was elected by his party a Levy
Court commissioner for New Castle county.
He filled, also, a number of offices in Penca-
der hundred, discharging all ids duties

creditably. Jesse Boulden married Hannah,
daughter of Griffith Griffith, boni iu New-
Castle county. They had children: I.Eliza
(Mi-s. John Gooding); II. Siu-ah (Mrs. Wil-
liam Taylor) ; III. Thomas ; IV.
John; V. Charles; VI. (Jeorge; VII. Levi ;
VIII. ilary (Mrs. James Stewart); IX. Har-
riet (^Ii-s. George Boulden); X. .Matilda
(Mrs. Samuel Mclntire); XI. James; XII.
Jesse, 2. All are dead except Jesse, 2. Mrs.
Boulden died on the fann in 1843; she was
a good woman and a devoted wife and mother.
Z\Ir.Boulden died on his farm iu 1855; he and
ilrs. Boulden were buried in the graveyard of
the AVelsh Ti-act Baptist ciiurch. Mr. Boul-
den and faunly were members of the Welsh
Tract Bajitist congTegation.

Jesse J^oulden, 2, attendeel the public
schools of Pencader hundred and assiste<l his
father in the cultivation of his farm. Upon
the death of the latter he took charge of the
])roperty and was engaged in stock i-aising
and grain growing on an extensive scale, un-
til 1804, when he disposed of it and removed
to Glasgow. There he lived in retirement un-
til 18'J7. In that year he purchased the Dr.
Vasey farm of 150 acres in Pencader hun-
dred, near the ^laiwland line, and has made
it his home for the past year. He is in the
enjojnnent of good health. JMr. Boulden has
held the office of road commissioner in Pen-
cader hundred, and is a popular citizen. He
is a Democrat.

On December 22, 1853, in Pencader hun-
dred, Jesse Boulden, 2, was mamed to Sarah,
daughter of Samuel Frazer, an old settler of
Pencader hundred, where ilr. Boulden was
born. They liad one child, ^lary, who died
at the age of twenty years. Mre. Sarah Boul-
den dietl in Glasgow, Del., in 1880 and was
buried in the gi'aveyard of the (Glasgow Pres-
byterian church. Jesse Boulden's secund wife
was Eugenia, daughter of Evan AV. and Sa-
rah (Alerritt) Lynch. The marriage occur-
red in 1890 in Glasgow, ilrs. Boulden was
bom in Chestertown, ]\Id. Her father was a
shoemaker and is now dead. Her mother is
still living. Mr. Boulden and his family at-
tend the ^I. E. church.

JAilES T. BROOKS, P. O., Newark,
Del., son of AVilliam AV. and Alary S. (Cov-
erdale) Brooks, was born in Perry^'ille, Kent
county, :\Id., November 20, 1842!

The Brooks family settled long ago in.

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JOHN P. M. DENNEY.

STATE OF DELAWARE

3S7

^faryland and Delaware, and its ineiubers
luive Ik'C'11 wi'll-kuown and respe<;ted in both
states. ( 'liriitoplier iJrooks, grandfatlicr uf
Jaiiifs T. Urouks, was a farmer in White (,'hiy
Creek liundred, New Castle eounty, Del., 'dl
his life.

William W. Brooks, son of Christopher
Brooks, -juid father of James T. Brooks, was
horn in New Castle county, January (J, ISOl.
lie aeipiired a fair education in the subscrip-
tion seliools of the neighborhooil and while
(piite young became a sailor. He loved the
sea and rapidly advanced from grade to
grade until he reached that of cajitiiin. For
a number of yeare he had charge of boats ply-
ing between Smyrna, Del., and Philailclphia,
Pa., and was a skilful navigator in tlie days
when vessels depended upon their sails and
tlie winds to carry them across the waters.
Later in life he abandoned the business of
navigation, leased the Stump fann at Perry-
ville, Kent county, ild., and s])ent severaJ
yeai-s in its cultivation. Then he removed to
Xcw Castle liundred, New Castle countv,
1 >(•!., and was, for a few years, a tenant on a
farm tliere. lie afterwards pureha.sed the
Wright tract, of 1C7 acres, in White Clay
Creek hundred, on which he made many im-
provements. Capt. Brooks was widely known
as an ujiright man and was jiopular with all
classes of people. lie was a Whig and after-
wards a Bep\iblicau. At one time he was
collector of taxes for "White Clay Creek hun-
dred, and was the nominee of his i)arty for
coroner of Xew Castle county, but was de-'*'
feated. William W. Brooks man-icd in ilil-.
ford, Del., irary S. Covordale, a native of
Sussex county. They had children: I. Sa-
rah, died young; II. Smithry, died young ;

III. Josejih, farmer of Pencader hundred;

IV. AVilliam, deceased; V. liaehel J. (Mvs.
Hobert Armstrong); VI. James T. ; VII.
Henry L., deceased; VIII. Alfred G., farm-
er, of White C'lay Creek hundred; IX. ^lary
Cold Ivy (Airs. Robert Comely); X. Fran. is,
deceased ; two died in infancy, ifrs. Brooks
died on the farm in White Clay Creek hun-
dred, in August, 1S73. Mr. Brooks died
June G, 1880, on the farm of his son, Alfred
(i., in White Clay Creek hundred, having re-
moved thither not long before. He and his
Avife were buried in the churcliyard of (/hris-
tiaua Presbyterian church.

James T. Pirooks was a pupil in the public

schools at Salem, AVhite Clay Creek hundred.
Until he reached his majority he assisted his-
parents on the farm, and afterwards leased the
Reese U'aet in the same hundred. I'wo years
lat(>r he rcmoveil to the Bootii farm, in New
Castle hundred, where he sjtent two years.
After renting the Cornog farm, in AVhite
Clay Creek hundred for a year; the !Major
Rothwell tract in Appoquininiink hundred
for three years, during which tiuie he began
tiic culture of peaches; tiie Jetfei-son farm in
Blackbird hundred for one year; and tlie
Coniog place in White Clay Creek hundred
for a like period ; in 1S73 he rented the
Annstroug fann of 240 acres in I'encader
liundred, where he has lived for the past
twenty-five 3'ears, devoting his attention prin-
cipally to stock-raising and dairy farming.
Since he has held the lease of the farm, it has
had seven different owners and it is a proof
of Mr. i^rooks' capable husbandry that to
each he has given entire satisfaction. The
house in which he resides, one of the oldest
in the hundred, is of brick and its walls were
built before the Revolutionary AVar. A
])leasant fact in its history is that General
AVashington slept beneath it5 roof one night
while his army was encamped in Pencader
hundred near Iron Hill, ild. Air. Brot:)k<
was a soldier in the Civil AVar. In August,
1S64, he enlisted in Company B, Captain
Ellison, Ninth Regiment, Delaware A'^olun-
teer Infantry, Colonel I^evi Bird, and served
until the close of the war, doing guard duty at
Fort Delaware, lie was nuistcred out at
AVilmiiigton. ]\Ir. Brooks is a Republican
and gives hearty support to the platform and
candidates of his party. lie is not an office
seeker.

In 18C3, at Afarcus Hook, Pa., James T.
Brooks was married to Anna, daughter of
James Kendall, of Lancaster county, Pa.
They had children: I. Frank, died young;
II. Alice Gray (Airs. Dr. AVilliam Sherwood),
of AVilmingtou; III. Benjamin B., deceased.
]\[rs. Anna Brooks died Afay 28, 18G9, and
was buried in the cemetery of Christiana
Presbyterian chxu-ch. She was a very estim-
able woman. In 1871, in Aliddletown, Del.,
James T. Brooks married Julia A., daughter
of Levi Johnson, of Kent county, Del. Their
ehildren are: I. William Cornog, farmer,
married Alillie Johnson, has one child, Claude
II.; 11. Angelina Cray, educated in the pub-

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388

BlOCinAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

lie schools of Pencadcr huiulred, was grad-
uated from Newark Aeadeiny in class of \><\)-l,
has Uuight for the last six years in the schools
of New Castle eoiuity, is a talented young
lady and a social fa vorit^^; 111. Kobert, died
young; IV. Mary, died young. Mrs. J ulia A.
15rouks lost her life by a terrible accident.
-She was crossing the P., AY. e^" B. H. li- track
at Parnhui-st, Del., in 1893, on her way to
"Wilmington, when she was struck by a train.
]Ier horrible deatli was the cause of inexpress-
ible grief to her family, and deep sorrow to
her many friends. Her body was buried in
the graveyard of the ChrLstiana Presbyterian
chuR'h. ^Irs. Brooks was a member of the
M. K. church.

CHARLES LEAK, P. O., Newark, Del,
son of Thomas and },Iary (Walker) Leak, was
born in Philadelphia, Pa., September o, 1841.
Thomas Leak, father of Cniarles Leak, was
horn in England in 1788. When he was
seven ycai-s old his parents died, and he im-
mediately began a successful effort to pro-
vide for his wants Ly the lahor of his hands.
Lie went to Liverpool, and was there taken on
board a British man-of-war; for several yeai-s
he served in the navy of tlie English sover-
eign. After he had completed his appren-
ticeship, he continued on the sea, and for
tiiirty years was a sailor on merchant vessels
ami in 'the royal navy. In this long period he
visited every sea on the globe, and when he
had tired of the exacting and dangerous work,
he came to America. Landing in Plaladel-
phia, he engaged in painting and glazing, and
for several yeai-s followed that business, in
partnership ^vith II r. Dow. Having saved a
small sum of money, he went to Cecil cuunty,
Aid in 1818, and purchased a farm which he
eultivated for eight years. In 1850, he dis-
posed of it, and bought the Alorrisou tract m
Pcncader hundred, New Castle county, Del.
'Ihis property he cultivated fur many ye_ars
and then relinquished farming because of ill
health. Eor a year Air. Tx>ak was under sur-
gical trcatnient'in a Philadelphia hospital, af-
ter whicli he returned to Pencadcr liundred,
and made his home with his son, Charles. In
politics, Air. Leak was fii-st a AVhig and after-
wards a Bepublican. He was a respected cit-
i/cii and popular. Thomas Leak was mar-
ried in Pliihidelphia to Mary Walker, wlio
was born in Endand, came to .\iii.Tira with

her parents when very young, and resided in
Plnladclidiia for A number of yeai-s. They
had cliildren: I. Abraham, mercliant of der-
sevviUe, 111.; H. cniarles; HI. .losej)!!, died
young; IV. Kdward, miller of Hillsborougli,
111.; V. Samuel, deceased, of Lebanon, Mo. ,
Vlil. Ilenrv, of derseyvilh^ 111; IX. Eraii.:,
died young; X. a child who died in infancy.
Air. Leak died on tiie farm of his son, Charles,
in 1870, and was buried in the Head of Chris-
tiana Presliytcrian (diurchyard. Airs. Leak
die<l in Jersevville, HI, wliere she resideil af-
ter hei- husband's death. She was buried by
the side of her husband in the Head of Chris-
tiana gravcyanl. She was a member of the
AI. E.'churcli.

diaries Leak attended school m the Jack-
son schoolhouse, Cecil county, Aid., and the
public schools in Pencadcr hundred. During
tlie winter months he worked for his father on
the farm until lSr.8, when he obtained em-
ployment as a track -walker on section No. 9,
of the P., AV. A' B. K. P. Eor three years he
was engage.l in this work. 'In 1872 he began
farming on the tract of land he now occupies
and for the i)ast twenty-six yeai-s he has been
a prosperous grain grower and stock-raiser m
Pencadcr hundred. He is genial and popu-
lar Eor three vears he served as school com-,
missioner. He is a member of Oriental
Lodge, No. 12, I. O. 0. E., of Newark, and
in his political N-iews is an unswerving Ke-
inihlican.

On die Uth of August, 1867, m the New-
ark AI. E. church, by Pev. John Shields,
Charies Leak was married to Heurietta,
dau-htcr of John and Alary J. (Burnite)
(ianible, bom in Cecil county, Aid., and one
of nine children. They had children:
I Howard, machinist, of Xewark, Del, mai-
ricl Marv Lnttoii; II. Charies AV., of the P.,
W. A' b! K. R. shops, AVilmington, married
Alary Pear; III. AValter, machinist, of New-
ark;'TA''. Ida (Mrs. .Tohii AVilson), of Penca-
iler'hnndivd; \. AVilmer, machinist, of New-
ark; W. (icnrge, machinist of Newark; A^IL
Henry, at home; VI 11. Edward, at home. Mr.
Leak and family are mcndjers of the M. E.
church.

The yiarents of Airs. Leak were lorn m
Cecil county, Aid. Air. (land)le was a ^hoc-
maker; bi^tl'i he and his wife were buried in
the AI. E. clnirchyard at Newark, Del

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STATE OF DELAWARE

389

CEORCE :\r. T). HART, Toumsend, New
Caitle cMHiiity, Dl'I., sun of Clarrett M. and
Ann Zt'llali (Willis) Hart, was born at wlrit
is now Fairlcc, Kent county, Md., August 20,
1S44.

The Hart family is of English dtsucMit.
Garrett ]\I. Hart, fatlicr of George M. 1).
Ilart, W41S born and educated in Xew Castle
county, Del., where, he served his apprentice-
ship, becoming a skilled blacksmith. Mr.
Hart afterwards removed to Kent county,
ild., and opened a smithy near Tolchester.
He was a good workman, and the forge was
neveJ idle. Diligent and thrifty, ^\v. Hart
was soon able to i)urehase a small farm which
he cultivated and greatly improved. With
characteristic enterprise, he soon aftenvards
0{)ened a drug store 07i the farm, which was
liberally patronized, and was a financial suc-
cess, ilr. Hart was highly esteemed for his
honesty and gootl judgment. For more than
twenty years he was justice of the peace, and
discharged the duties of his office i)romi)tly
and conscientiously, his judgments giving
general satisfaction. Mr. Hart was a firm sup-
porter of the principles of Democracy as ex-
pounded by Tiiomas JefFereon, and was inter-
ested in every movement which he thought
would benefit the comnmnit.y. Gan-ett il.
Hart was married near Chestertown, Kent
cotiiity, ild., to Ann Zellah Willis, a native oi
Kent county, Md. Their childi-en are: T.
William, a graduate of the Law Department
of Washington College, ilaryhmd, died at
West Point, Va., from the effects of hardships
endured while serving in the Confederate
army; II. James Austin, killed by Indians in
Wa.shington Ten-itory in 18(52; III. George
il. D. : IV. Henrietta, Mndow of 'J. H. Parris,
M. D., of iliddletown, Del.; V. Walter,
tk-aler in livestock; VI. Gan-ett .7., of Wil-
mington, Del.; VII. Wesley, decease<l; VIII.
ilary A., mai-ricd Andrew Reynolds, ticket
agent and telegraph operator at Golts, ^fd. ;
iX. Edward, farmer and lumber merchant,
IViwnsend, Del. ilr. Hart died at his home
near Chestertown, ild., in 1S7G, and is bur-
ied in the cemetery of the St. Paul's P. E.
church, in Kent coimty, ild. Ilis widow
died at Townsend, Del., and is buried in tlie
cemetery at Emanuel's church, in Townsend.
George IM. D. Hart received no scho<d
training beyond that whicli could be obtain-
ed ill the pulilic schools of Kent county, Md,,

which were at the time poorly equipped.
George was, however, an intelligent la<l, and
a diligent student. Thrown upon his owu
resources, he was forced to rely almost on-
tin-ly upon reading and observation. He thus
acijuiri'd habits of [latient and independent
thought which afterwards proved invaluable,
lie remained at home, assisting his father on
the farm and at the forge, until he was seven-
teen. In 18G;i Mv. Hart removed to Town-
send, Del., and for iive yeai-s was employed in
the store of S. &: R. Townsend, devoting his
evenings to study. In ISdS he was appointed
station agent for the P., W. & B. R. R., at
Towiiscnd. Mr. Hart hold this important po-
sition for two yeai-s, jverforniing his duties
promptly and etficiently, and giving satisfac-
tion to the company and to its iiatrons. la
lts74, having accumulateil a small capit^il,
Mr. Hart began business as a dealer in gi-ai i
and coal in Townsend. Honest dealing, strict
attention to the needs of customers, and sound
ju<lgment, have enabled him to build u]) a
protitiible trade. A pleasant, unassuming
manner makes him a general favorite. Pro-
gressive and enterprising, he is interested in
every movement which he believes \vill ad-
vance the interests of the district. For years
he has been president of the board of school
directors, and has striven earnestly to increase
the educatioiuil facilities of the county. Mr.
Hart is a Democrat, interested in local poli-
tics. As trustee of the pixn- and a member of
the town council, he has brought to the ser-
vice of the public the intelligence and integ-
rity which have made him successful in pri-
vate life.

George M. D. Hart was mamed at Town-
send, Del., in 1870, to Mary E., daughter of
William and Hannah (Packard) Daniel, a
retired farmer residing in Townsend. iMrs.
Hart w;^s bom in A]ii)CKpiinimink hundred.
Their children are: I. James Austin; II. II.
Allen, assistant book-kecj)er in his father's of-
fice, bom in 1879, attended the public schools
of Townsend, Del., and graduated from Gol-
dey's BusiTiess College in IS'Jti.

James Austin Hart was born in 1873. He
attended the pul)lie schools of the district and
completenl his education at (iohley's Business
College, graduating in 1803. He is an able
accountant, and is employed in his father's
otHce in Townsend. Like his fatlier, he is ;i
member of the DenuK'ratic party. James

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390

BIOGEAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Austin Hart was married in 1S92, to Elva A.,
daughter of W. W. Xaylor. Their children
are: I. James A.; II. Dallas M. George M.
D. Hart is a member of the if. E. church, and
since 1874 has been one of its trustees. lie is
an active worker, and has been a teacher in
the Sunday School for a quarter of a century.
At present he is assistant siiperintendeiit of
'the school.

The Daniel family, to which ifrs. George
M. D. Hart belongs, is of English descent; it^j
name appears upon the roll of the earliest set-
tlers of old Virginia. i[r.~. Hart's {^cat-
grandfather was the owner of large planta-
tions situated near Richmond, Va. Her
grandfather, Abraham Daniel, was born on
his father's plantation near Richmond. He
received an excellent education and remained
with his father until he reached manhood,
ifr. Daniel afterwards removed to Delaware.
He brought his slaves with him and purchased
a large tract of land in Sussex county, wliere
he sjK-nt the remainder of his life. Ifr. Dan-
iel was a Democrat, an ardent admirer of
Thomas Jefferson, a kind-hearted GhristLan
gentleman, he was beloved and honored in
the community. Abraham Daniel was mar-
ried in Sussex couniy, Del., to ifary Hick-
man, of Sussex county. Their children are:
T. Joshua; II. George, died in youth; IIT.
William, died in vouth; IV. James II., jewe-
ler, died in Philadeliihia. Pa,; V. Jacob; VI.
!Mar\-, married tii"st to Joshua Bennett, and
afterwards to Thomas Scaggs; VII. Stockley,
died in youth; VIII. Elizabeth, married Na-
thaniel Ingram, both deceased; IX. "William;
X. Da\"id, deceased, ilr. Daniel and his ^\-ife
were members of the Episcopal church. Both
vlied and are buried in Sussex county.

ifrs. Hart's father, AVilliam Daniel, was
Dorn in Sussex county, in 1818. He was edu-
cated in the public schools of his native coun-
ty, and remained at home until he was eigh-
teen. In 1836 Mr. Daniel removed to Xew
Castle county, Del., and purchased a fanii of
140 acres in Appoquinimink hundred. For
forty-nine years ifr. Daniel cultivated this
land, on which he made many improvements,
building a dwelling house, barn, and suitable
outbuildings, and planting a large peach ijr-
chard. In 18S5, he rented the farm, and re-
moving to his present home in Townisend, re-
tired from active business, and now enioys
the fruits of his years of labor. He is inter-

ested in local atfairs and is a member of the
IiemocTatic party.

William I)aniel was married, in Appoquin-
imink hundred, to Hannah, daughter of
Henry and Susan (Lancaster) Packard, who
was born in Appociuinimink hundred. Of
their nine children, three died in infancy.
Those living are: I. Stockley, a farmer; II. •
William, deceased; HI. Mary E. fitrs.
George if. D. Hart); IV. Andrew F., died in
youth; V. AVilliam, 2, died in youth; VI. Ly-
dia S. (ifrs. Frank Rhine), of Tomisend. ifr.
Daniel and his wife were membei-s of the if.
E. church; she died in ISSS. Mr. Daniel is an
active worker in the church, and was for some-
time trustee and steward.

^THOifAS A. EXO.S, M. D., To.vnserd,
Xew Castle county, Del., son of Tliomas T.
and Ann (Humphreys) Enos, was bom at
Odessa, St. George's hundred, Xew Castle
county, Del., October G, 1854.

Thomas T. Enos was boni near Smyrna,
Del., in August, ISIT, and learned cabinet-
making wth Alexander Ferris, in the saine
place, where he remained until 1S40; he then
removed to Odessa and began business as an
undertaker and cabinetmaker. This venture
was so successful that he built a home in which
to spend the remainder of his life. Mr. Enos
was a gooil citizen, highly esteemed in the
community. In youth he was a AVhig, bui
later identified himself with the Republican
party. Thomas T. Enos was married in
Snn-ma, if arch 30, 1841. to Ann, daughter
of Joseph Humphreys, of Smyrna. She was
born in Snn-rna, October 29," 1S20. Tlieir
children are: I. Joseph, an undertaker in
Odessa; II. Sarah, died aged twentv: III.
Abraham, died in infancy: IV. Thomas A.
ifr. Enos and his wife were membei-s of the
if. E. church; she died in Odessa in June,
1883. ifr. Enos died at the same place in
1889; both are buried in the cemeterv of the
if. E. church in Odessa.

Thomas A. Enos attended the public
schools of Odessa and a private school tau^it
by Prof. James H. Groves. He remained at
home and read medicine under Dr. W. X.
Hamilton. In 1876 he entered Jefferson
iledical College at Philadelphia, Pa., grad-
uating in 1S79. After his graduation. Dr.
Enos returned to Delaware, and received tbe
appointment of resident physician to the Xew

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STATE OF DELAWARE

391

Oastle county almshouse and hospital for the
insane. After tilling this position for one
Year, he removed to his present home in
Townseiid, Ajipoquinimink hundred, and be-
gan the ]irac'tiee of his profession. His ser-
vices are in constant demand in a territory of
more than twelve miles in circuit. His kind
heart and genial manner have made liiin a
general favorite, and his professional skill has
won the conhdence and respect of the com-
munity. Dr. Enos is practical and progres-
sive, a member of the State iledical Society,
and of the board of health of Townsend; he is
also one of the school commissioners of the
town. lie belongs to the Kepubiican pai'ty
and to the K. of G. E., the IJed .Men, the -h-.
O. U. A. il., and I. O. 11.

Thomas A. Enos was married December 8,
ISSU, in Townsend, Appoquinimink hun-
dred, to .Nfartha E., daughter of John Staaid,
a farmer of that hundred. They have o!ie
child, 'I'liomas S., who was born in IS'JO. !Mr.
Enns antl his wife are members of the if. E.
church.

WILLTA:M a. SCOTT, P. O., Townsend,
New Castle county, Del., son of William ami
Angeline (Lattomns) Scott, was born in the
old homestead of Bishop Scott, in Appoquini-
mink hundred, New Castle county, Del., Ei'b-
ruary 5, 1S5;5.

The Scott family is Irish by descent. Mr.
Scott's great-great-gi'andparents, Thomas and
I.ydia Scott, were natives of Ireland. His
great-grandfather, the Rev. Thomas Scottj
was married to Anne (March) Latto-
mns, widow of John Lattomns, ^farch
22, 17i>Ci. The parents of ilrs. Scott were
emigrants from England who had settled in
Kent county, Del. _, The children of Thomas
and Anne Scott are: I. Thomas, die'd in 1874,
aged seventy-four; II. Sarah, diexi in child-
hood; III. Levi Scott, A. M., D. D., late Bcn-
ior bishop of the ilethodist Episcopal church
in the Uniteil States. lie was bom in Kent
county, Del. Bishop Scott was a profound
theologian, and eminent historian, and an elo-
quent sj)eaker, remarkable for his power in
the pulpit. He was elected to the bishopric
of the' .Methodist Episcopal Church at Boa-
ton, iNfass., in 1852. A fuller account of \m
life is found elsewhere in this work.

Thomas Scott, grandfather of William
Scott, was born on the old Scott homestead

in Xew Castle county, Del. He owned sin(\
cultivated a farm of 150 acres in Appotpiini-
mink hundred, on which he made many im-
lirovenientd. Mr. Scott was an intelligent
farmer, honorable and iq)right iu business,
and a good citizen, whose kindly manner made
him ])opular in the community. During the
latter jjart of his life, he ri'tired from business
and removed to I'nwnsend, Del. Mr. Scott
was a Whig, but aftenvards identified himself
with the Kepubiican party. He Wius promi-
nent in political circles and served as commis-
sioner of the Levy Court of Xew Castle coun-
ty. Thomas Scott was married twice ; by
his first marriage he had one child, William.
The tirst Mrs. Scott died at her home iu New
L'astle county; she is buried in the cemetery at
the old Union church. The children of tlie
second marriage are: I. Thomas L., janitor
of the court h(nise at ^Vilmington, Del; II.
Annie (Mrs. Edward Silcox), of Philadelphia,
Pa. _Mr. Scott and Ids wife were members of
the M. E. church. Both died, and are buried
in the cemetei-}' at old Union church.

William Scott was born at the old Scott
homestead, February 3, 1825. He grew up
on the liome farm, attending the public
schools of the district, and learning farming
under his father's careful supervision. !Mr.
Scott began farming for himself on rented
land in Appoquinimink hundred, but after-
wards removed to his present home in Middle-
town, St. George's hundred. ^Ir. Scott is a
nu'mber of the Democratic party, actively in-
terested in local affairs; a good citizen, anx-
ious to advance the interests of the coramun-
ity. William Scott was married in Appo-
quinimink hundred, to Angeline, daughter
of Kobert ;McC. and ^^fargaret (Price) Latto-
nnid, of Appoquinimink hundred. Their cliil
dren ai-e: I. William A.; II. Margaret (Mrs.
John T. Smith); III. Thomas, express man-
ager of the P., AV. A: B. R. R. ; IV. Clarence,
agent of Adams Express Company at Middle-
town, Del.; V. Laura K.; VI. Elizabeth; VIL
Andreas, died in youth. Mr. William Scott,
his wife and family are members of the M. E.
church.

William A. Scott was educated in the pub-
lic schools of Appoquinimink hundred. He
remained at home, working with his father on
the farm, until he was seventeen. On leav-
ing home he secured a position as clerk in his
uncle's store in Clayton, Kent county, Del.
Four yefirs afterwards, he returned to New

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392

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDI.

Castle coTinty, and for five years taught in the
public schiKils of Appoquinimiiik Iniudred.
In 1879 Mr. Scott opened a store near Tay-
lor's llridge, Apiioquinimink hundred. Tn
18S2 he sold his b^taud and removed U) Town-
send, where he enpiged in business as a gen-
eral merchant. Close attention to the wants
of customers and good judgment in buyiug
had enabled him to build up a profitable bus-
iness, when, in 18!K), his whole establishmout
was destroyed by fire. Although crippled by
this heavyloss, Mr. Scott rebuilt his store, and
bravely bent his energies to the work of re-
pairing his finances. In the autumn of 1892
^Ir. Scott was elected commissioner of the
Levy Court of New Castle county for a
term of four years. lie accordingly sold his
store and devoted his whole time to his otfice.
The board of commissioners made IMr. Sc'ott
its president; and so efficiently and acceptably
did he perform the duties devolving upon hiui
that at the end of his term he was re-elected,
both to the office aud the presidency. In Sep-
tember, 1895, ilr. Scott was appointed by
President Cleveland postmaster of To^\Tlsend,
Del, and has held tliis responsible position
for four years, giving entire satisfaction by
the consideration and promptness which have
characterized his administration. He is an
active and etficient worker in the ranks of
Democracy, llis fellow-citizens have shown
their confidence in his judgment and ability
by electing him a member of the board of
school commissioners, and of the town coun-
cil, ilr. Scott is secretary of the Building
and Loan Association of Townsond. lie is
also a member of the A. O. U. W., of ]\Iiddle-
town, Del,; and of the Jr. O. U. A. :M., of
Odessa, Del. ilr. Scott is au energetic and
progressive business man, and besides his
other interests owns and cultivates a farm of
175 acres in Appoquinimink hundred on
which he raises fine fruit; he also deals in
horses, and pays ])artieular attention to the
quality of his live stock. Mr. Scott is an in-
telligent man, whose benevolent disposition
and affable manner have made him very pop-
ular.

AVilliam A. Scott was married in St.
George's hundred, September 15, 187G, to
Sarah E., daughter of Stringer S. and Sarali
J. (Townsend) Tinley. ilrs. Scott's father
was a fanner of Appoquinimink Imndi-ed,
Scotch by descent. The children of William

A. and Sarah E. (Tiidey) Scott are: I. Xina
G., teacher of vocal and instrumental m\isic,
who gives liberally of her time and talents to
the ^f. E. chureh of Town.send, as a member
of the eliunli choir, and as organist of tlic
Sunday school; 11. Stringer Tinley, at school;
III. William L., artist, at home. Mr. Scott
and his family are members of the ^\. E.
eliureh.

AXDEEW E. SKAGGS, P. O., Town-
send, New Castle county, Del., son of Wil-
liam and ]\Iary (Hawkins) Skaggs, was bora
in Appoquinimink hundred^ on the fann on
which he now resides, April 30, 18r>l.

The Skaggs family is of English descent.
ilr. Skaggs' great-grandfather, Isaac Skaggs,
was born near I-ondon, England, and when a
young man, emigrated to America, seeking a
home in the far new land. lie settled on a
farm in Salem county, N. J., where he spent
the rest of his life. His son, John Skaggs,
grandfather of Andrew E. Skaggs, was born
in Salem county, X. J. In 1801 John Skagg-s
removed to Delaware, and purchased 137 1-2
acres of land in Appoquinimink hundred,
paying $1,500, and counting o\it that amount
in gold ilollars. Mr. Skaggs devoted his time
to raising grain and to general fanning, mak-
ing many improvements in the property. Mr.
Skaggs was an old line Whig. John Skaggs
was married in Salem county, N. J., to "Miss
Fisher. Their children are: I. John; II.
Thomas; III. William; IV. Catherine (Mrs.
William iramilton). ^Nlrs. Skaggs died at the
homestead, and is buried on the farm. ]\[r.
Skaggs died on the farm in 1832, and is bur-
ied beside his wife. The family are mend)er3
of the ]\I. E. church.

William Skagg-s was born at the homestead
in Ajipiiquinimiuk hundred in 1812. lie was
educated in the public schools of the district
and learned farming, working with his father
nntil he was twenty-seven. In 1837, ilr.
Skaggs ^-isited Indiana and Ohio, making the
entire journey on horseback. After spending
two years in the west, he returned to the
homestead, which he and his brother John cul-
tivated in partnei-ship. Tn ISlfi Mr. William
Skaggs bought the William Alice farm, sit-
uated near the homestead, ilr. Skaggs was
a careful and intelligent farmer, and gi-eatly
improved his property. He was an accurate
olkserver, and devoted his leisure moments to

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STAJ'B OF DELAWAnfJ

393

reading and ttudy. Kind and considerate at
home and aliroad, lie was lunvei-sally loved
and respecteil. lie was a Democrat; actively
interested in local atfaii-s, but never sought
political preferment

AVilliaiu Skaggs was man-ied in Blackbird
hundred, New Castle county, Del, to ilary,
daughter of Kichard IlawklnSj a miller of
Blackbird hundred. ]\Irs. Skaggs was a na-
tive of Cumberland county, N. J. Their chil-
dren are: I. Sarah F.; 11. Martha J.; IIT.
(ieorge "W., a constable of Townsend, Del.;
IV. Kebecea, deceased; V. Andrew E. The
family are membei-s of the ^I. E. church. Mr.
Skaggs diwl at his home in Appoquinimiiik
hundred in 1801, and is buried in To\\iisend
cemetery. His widow resides at the home-
stead. She is an estimable Christian woman,
greatly bekived by her many friends. Being
sorely afflicted, she has for several years never
left her bed.

Andrew E. Skaggs received his education
in the public schools of Appo<i\iinimink hun-
dred, lie has devoted bis life to the cultiva-
tion of the soil, remaining on the homestead
and caring dutifully and affectionately for his
mother and sisters. He is an intelligent,
scientitic farmer, but has not confined his in-
vestigations to subjects which pertain to his
business. He is a thoughtful reader and a dil-
igent student, interested not only in science,
but in history, poetry and art. Nor does !Mr.
Skaggs neglect the study of current events;
well-read, and an accurate observer, be is thor-
oughly at home upon any of the important
questions of the day. ilr. Skaggs is
a meudier of the Democratic party,
decidc(l in his convictions and an active
Worker in the ranks. His ability and integrity
are well-known and highly ajjpreciated in the
district. In 18fi2, he was elected commis-
sioner of roads for Appoquinimiiik hundred,
for a term of four j'ears. The duties of his of-
fice were so satisfactorily discharged that he
was re-elected in 1897. At the age of si.xteen
years, ^fr. Skaggs learned and practiced tel-
egrajihy. He has also learned the drug bus-
iness, in which he has at the time of writing-
concluded to embark.

SAirUEL TOWNSEND, P. '0., Town-
send, New Castle county, Del., son of Samuel
and Anna Jfartha (Hart) Townsend, was
born in the village of Blackbird, New Castle
county, Del., August 21, l^.'iG.

The Townsend family, one of the oldest
families of Delaware, is of English lineage,
and belongs to the Society <jf Friends. The
founders of the jVmerican branch of the fam-
ily emigrated from England about the time
wiieii William Penn vi.iited his colony in
Pennsylvania. .Mr. Townsend's great-grand-
father, John Townsend, was born in Sussex
county, Del. He learned coach-making, but
afterwards became a sailor and, as captain,
cummanded his o\\^l vessel, which sailed from
Leston's Landing. He man-ied Sallie Les-
ion, who inherited tlie Leston, afterwards
known as the old Townsend estate. John
'Lownsend died age<l ninety; his wife died
about the same time; both sleep in the
Friends' burial place at Oilessa, Del. !Mr.
To\\msend's grandfather, Samuel Townsend,
was born in Vance's Neck, St. CJeorge's hun-
dred, New Castle county. He owned and cub
tivated 1,000 acres of land on which he made
many improvements. He afterwards retired
from active farm life and reiuoveil to Odessa,
Del. He was a member of the Whig party.
Samuel Townsend wits married to Hannah
Humphries. They had ten children, whose
names, owing to the loss of family records,
cannot be obtained. Mr. Townsend was tnie
to the faith of his ancestors; he is buried in
the Friends' burial ])lace in Odessa.

Samuel To\\nisend, founder of the to\\ni of
Townsend, and father of Samuel Townsend,
was bom at Vance's Neck, St. CJeorge's hun-
dred, October 12, 1812. His educational ad-
vantages were ver>' limited. He attended the
subscription schools of the district until he
was eleven, and afterwards spent two winters
at a private school; but the schools were
poorly conducted, the terms were short, and
the teachers inefficient. At the age of seven-
teen, Samuel Townsend left the home fann
on Vance's Neck, and in company with bis
brother, John, began working on the boats on
the Schuylkill canal. He soon proved his
efficiency and became a captain of a boat; be
was afterwards caj)tain of a coasting vessel,
and when he abandoned the sea ownied the
vessel which he commanded. Ketuming to
New Castle county, ilr. Townsend bought
400 acres of land, most of it covered with
hea\-j' timber, near Blackbird, Appoquini-
miiik hundred. He and his brother, John,
cut and hewed masts and other timber for ves-
sels, which they sbip]ied to New York and
Philadelphia, llci-e liv his nnrciiiittini: indus-

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394

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

try, promptness and relialnlity, 1^1 r. Town-
send laid the foundation for liis future suc-
cess. He cut tli'e timber from wliicli the well-
known emigrant sliijjs, tlie Tonairanda and
the Georgia, of Philadelphia, were built. The
brothers were very successful in their enter-
ju'iscs, and kept fifty men constantly eni-
jiloycd. After felling the timber, .Mr. Town-
send improved the land, and having sold a
]iart of it, opened a general store at (linn's
Corner, A]ipoquini;niiik liundred, still con-
tinuing to deal in lumber. ^Ir. Townsend af-
terward removed to the farm on which his sou
John now resides, and bought oOO acres of
kind, on a part of which stands the town that
beai"s his name. He built the tii-st house in
what was to lie Townsend. Air. Towiiseud im-
mediately began to improve his farm, erect-
ing a comfortable dwelling, a barn and suit-
able out buildings. At the same time he pur-
chased the l)avis property, now the home of
his son, Samuel, a farm of 250 acres, situated
near Townsend, IJel. Air. Tcjwnsend also
owned 300 acres in Kent county, Del., and
300 acres in Somerset county, Aid. lie was
one of the first, as well as one of the most pro-
gressive fruit raisers and shijipers of Dela-
ware. Thoroughly acquaintej.1 with the
science of fruit culture. Air. Townsend spared
neither labor nor expense in his efforts to im-
prove the quality of the fruit and make the
crops more abundant. ITis industry, patience
and lilieral management were amply reward-
ed. He frequently shipped iu a single season
40,000 baskets of peaches alone. The value
to the state of such an industry can only be
estimated by considenng the number of em-
ployees, and the healthful character of the
work. Air. Townsend's fair dealing and true
benevolence won for him deserved popular-
ity. His energy and enterprise blessed not
only himself but all around him; it is said
that no worthy object ever appealed to him
in vain. Air. Townsend was well-known as .'
Union Democrat. He was intelligent, well-
read, and an eloquent speaker; his good judg-
ment, self-reliance and force of character,
made him one of the most prominent orators
of that day. From early nuinhixid, he was a
member of most of the stiite conventions. Air.
Townsend was an uncompromising Union
man, but opposed the enfranchisement of the
negro, and was one of the organizers of the
White Alan's Part v. He served in the state

legislature, displaying great abyity as a law-
maker and as a debater. Samuel Townsend
was married in Philadelphia, Pa., July 14,
1835, to Anna Alaria Hart. Airs. Townsi'nd
was an aunt of (ieorge AI. I). Hart, of Town-
send. She was born near ("hestertown, J\ent
county, Aid., in February, 1^1 ti. The (-hil-
drcn of Samuel and Anna Alaria (Hart)
Townsend are: I. Samuel; II. Janu's, died
in yo\itli; HI. Henrietta, died in childhood;
IV. Kichard, died in youth; V. Alary A.
(AIi-s. John D. Carter), of Kent county, .Md.;
VI. Jtihn, residing near Townsend. Mr.
'J'ownsend died at his home in Xew CiU-^tle
county, in IbSl; he i^ buried in the Friends'
cemetery at Odes^^a, Del. Airs. Touaisend
was a devout mend)cr of the At. F. church.
She dieil in 1S'J4, and is buried in the ceme-
ery of the AI. F. church at Townsend.

Samuel 'J'ownsend attended the public
schools of the <listrict, and completed his edu-
cation at Aliddletown Academy. He remain-
ed at home working with his father until he
attained his majority, wdien he began farm-
ing for himself on the Davis place. In 1803,
Air. Townsend removed to Kent county, Del.,
and took charge of a fann of 800 acres in
Fast Alurderkill liundred. He spent seven-
teen years on this place; and besides harvest-
ing large crops of grain paid particidar atten-
tion to raising fine cattle. Air. Townsend
also planted peach orchards, and joining with
his father, became a cultivator and shijjper of
peaches. After his father's death, in 1881,
Air. Townsend returned to the Davis farm,
near Townsend, where he now lives. For
eighteen yeai-s he has been cultivating and
inqjroving this property, and has devoted
much of his attention to his live stock. Like
his father. Air. Townsend is not only popular,
but respected and honored in the community.
He east his first vote in ISGO, for Abraham
Lincoln and has identified himself with the
Kepublican party; he is interested in local af-
faire, but has never sought political prefer-
ment.

Samuel Townsend was married in Chester-
town, Queen Anne's co\mty. Aid., November
5, 1S58, to Alary, daughter of Captain John
SuHth. Their children are: L Samuel, com-
mission merchant at Philadelphia, Pa., mar-
ried Alary F. Cable of Philadelphia, has one
child, Bessie; II. John, conductor on the elec-
tric street railway at Philadelphia, Pa.; IIL

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STATE OF DE LAW ARE

395

Ada, (lied in youth; IV. Annie C ; V. Mary
v., book-kccpL-r in Pliiladi-lpbia; VI. How-
ard, clerk in a conunission liouse in PliilaJel-
pliia.

^frs. Townsend's grandfather, Janiei
Sniitli, and his brother, Henry Smith, were
eniii^rants from Entiland. James Smith set-
tled in (^)men Anne's eounty, ild., wlierc ho
spent his life in farming. He died in (Jueeu
Anne's county, and is buried in the cemetery
near his home. The family were members
of the it. E. churcli. Cajitain John Smith
grew uj) on the home farm, but afterwards
became a sailor, and was for some time captain
of a vessel. The latter part of his life was
spent in Queen Anne's county, Md. Captain
Smith was married to his first cousin, ]\rarv,
daughter of James Smith. Their children
are: I. ^lary (^frs. Samuel Townsend); II.
James, of Denver, Col.; III. Annie V., widow
of E. J. E. Bryan; IV. Sarah R. (Mrs. James
Taylor); V. the Rev. John J., of Philadel-
phia, ^fr. Smith and his wife died in Queen
Anno's euunty, and are buried in the ceme-
tery of the !M. E. church. ^Mi's. Smith was a
devout member of the M. E. church.

GEORGE T\aGGIX, P. O. Townsend,
'New Castle county, Del., son of Ethan A. and
Abigail (Prout) AViggin, was born at Scar-
torough, ife., October 16, 1823.

The AViggin family, one of the oldest in
the Xew England States, is of Irish descent.
Its members have always responded to the
call of their country, and have freely shed
their blood in the cause of liberty. Tliomas
Wiggin, the fotinder of the Amencan branch
of the family, was born in Ireland, and in
ICOO, emigrated to America and settled on a
farm in the colony of Xew Hampshire. In
1630 Thomas "Wiggin was appointed gover-
nor of Xew Hampshire, receiving his office
from Charles I., King of England. His sec-
retary, envious of the honor x^onferred upon
him, plotted against him and succeeded in se-
curing his dismissal. Mr. Wiggin was popular
and highly esteemed in the colony. Benja-
min "Wiggin, grandfather of Captain Cieorge
"Wiggin, was a native of Xew Hampshire.
He was a soldier in the Continental armv,
and served through the whole war under Gen-
eral Washington. He was a brave soldier and
a true patriot, fearless and calm in battle,
bearing privation and defeat with cheei-ful

courage, counting no sacrifice too great for his
cduutry and for the sacred cause of freedom.
!Mr. Wiggin was a member of the Established
Church (if England. He lived to a green old
age, and died at tlic home of liis daughter in
Cundjcrland county, !Me.

Ethan A.AViggiu, father uf Captain (leorgc
Wiggin, was one of tive children. He was
, born in Bhie Hill, Hancock county, ]\Ie.
ifore than forty years of Ethan Wiggin's life
were spent on the ocean. He owned his ves-
sel and in the merchant service visited tlm
East and West Indies, and most of the mar-
kets of the world. In the prime of life, he
abandoned the sea and settled near Scarbor-
ough, Me., where he ]uuchased a farm of 300
acres. During the war of 1812, ilr. Wiggin,
then a youth of eighteen, enlisted for the de-
fen.se of his country, ilr. Wiggin gave his
support to the Wliig party. Hi- genial man-
ner made him very popular.

Ethan A. AViggin was married at Scarbor-
ough, Me., to Ai)igail Prout, who was of
Scotch descent, and a member of one of the
oldest families in Maine. Their children are:
I. John; II. Sarah; III. Alexander, a lieuten-
ant in the Union Army, was killed in the
Civil AVar; IV. Charles, died in youth; V.
Joseph A., deceased; VI. and VII. twins,
Jordan, died in youth, and Abigail, married
Captain W. A. McXulty; VIII. Mary, widow
of Charles ]\[eans, resides at Old Orchard,
^[e. ; IX. Charles, of Freeport, ^Me., is county
commissioner. Mr. Wiggin, his wife and fam-
ily, were members of the Episcopal church.
He died at his home in Scarborough, Me.; his
wife died in 1S85, and is buried beside her
husband at Scarborough.

George Wiggin inherited his father's love
for tho sea, and spent half a century on the
deep. He was only six years old when he
made his first voyage on board his father's ves-
sel.' Until he was nine, George Wiggin at-
tended the public schools of Scarborough; but
his education was attained principally in the
forecastles of ocean vessels. He was only nine
years old when he secured a place as cook on
one of the small fisliing vessels, or rather
boats, which swarmed out of the harbor of
Scarborough. For seven yeai'S he was em-
ployed as cook on various small fishing ves-
sels, and at the age of sixteen shi]>ped before
the mast in the merchant service, in the brig
Olive Thompson, of Portland, Me., visiting

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306

BIOGnAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

the East and West Indies, and many Euro-
pean ])Oits. On attaining his majority in 184!»,
Cajitain Wiggin took charge of the Schooner
Manj Ann, on a trip to the AVest Indies. As
captain of a sailing vessel, he has served
in all waters. In IS.'iT Captain AVig-
gin was ])iit in cliarge of a United States
vessel, belonging to the Coast Surveying
St|uadron, and spent four years in the (iulf of
Ale.xico. AVhen the Civil War broke out,
Captain 'AViggin Avas appointed to command
a surveying vessel on the coast of Afaine. In
February, 18G1, he returned to the merchant
service, and made several voj'ages to Havana,
Cidja. An able seaman and a careful, intelli-
gent officer, Captain AViggin, during the time
spent on the vessel for coast survey, had
gained much information that made liis ser-
vices valualile to the got*ernment. In July,
1801, he received from the Xaval Depart-
ment of the United States, the appointment
of acting master of the frigate Potomac, on
which vessel he was a shipmate and messmate
with Admirals Sampson and Schley, lie was
afterwards promoted to the captaincy of the
New London, with the rank of lieutenant.
The New London was attached to the (ilulf
Squadron, and with the Water ^yitch, the
Mississippi, the gun boats. Kinsman and
Pampas, and the steamers Tennessee, EstelJe,
and Lutonia, took part in the engagements at
Fort Pickens, Fort Jackson, the ca])turc of
Xew Orleans, and the battles of Brashear
City, College Point, and Grand (iulf, in 1SC4,
and Port Hudson and Alobile Bay in 1SG5.
During this campaign Captain AViggin proved
himself to be a brave man and a prompt, effi-
cient officer; his gallant conduct in action was
observed and conwnended by his fellow offi-
cers, and was rewarded by promotion. At the
close of the war, he was honorably discharged
from the service, receiving his papers, March
25, 18(jC.

Captain AViggin returned to the merchant
service, and sailed to various foreign ports.
In»1874 he bought a farm of 150 acres, known
as the Jones tract, situated in Appoquinimink
hundred, Xew Castle county, Del., intending
to settle there. Btit his love of the sea, and
the habits of almost fifty years were too strong
for his resolution. He longed for a taste of
the salt air, and ha^-ing settled his family com-
fortably in their home in Delaware, rcturncfl
to his mistress, the sea, and for eight months

longer sailed as cajitain of the steamer Lyra.
In ls82. Captain AViggin took to the Isthmus
of Panama the first barge for the construction
of the Panama Canal. AVhile at Panama, his
whole crew died. Captain AViggin now aban-
doned his profession, and returning to Dela-
ware, devoted his atlenlion to hu^iiandry. lu
1893 he began milling in Townsend, Appo-
quinimink hundred, and also conducted a
creamery on his farm. This enterprise was a
financial success; but four yeai-s after the en-
tire establishment was destroyed by fire. Al-
though he lost at least $10,000 by this disas-
ter. Captain AViggin was not discouraged; he
has rebuilt his creamery, adding improved ap-
pliances, and is meeting with deserved suc-
cess. He has now 400 acres of arable land,
well cultivated and improved. Captain AVig-
gin is also a successful stockraiser. He is par-
ticularly fond of fine animals, his herd of
forty milch cows are oi the best breeds, as are
also his horses. All his cattle are in fine con-
dition and attest his careful attention and lib-
eral nnmagement. Captain AViggin is a mem-
ber of the Democratic party. He is a pro-
gressive citizen, interested in the progi-ess of
the coirmnnity. He has frequently served as
grand juror. His companionable disposition
and the entertaining manner in which ho
gives his friends the benefit of the stores of in-
formation acquired duiing his varied ex-
periences, make him very popular in all
circles. Captain AViggin is a member of the
F. A: A. il., and was initiated at Queenstown,
Ireland.

Captain George AViggin was married in
Febr\iary, 18{i6, in New York City, to Edna,
only child of Howell and Ann Hawkins, of
Brooklyn, N. Y. Their children are: I.
George, assisting his father at home; IL
Daisy E. Captain AViggin's family are mem-
bers of the Episcopal cluu-ch.

LEAVIS FENNEAIORE, P. O. iliddle-
town, New Castle county, Del., son of Thomaa
and Ann (Thompson) Fennemore, was born
at Thoroughfare Keck, Appoquinimink hun-
dred, January 23, 1837.

The Fennemore family, one of the oldest
and most honored in the state, is of Enijlish
descent, ilr. Fennenuu-e's father was born
on a farm in New Castle county, Del.
Thomas Fennemore received a limited educa-
tion, and devoted his life to the cultivation

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STATE OF DELAWARE

397

of the soil. lie owned a small fann in Tlior-
onplifare Xei-k, wliicli he greatly improved,
giving his whole attention to increasing its
vahie. .Mr. Fennemore was a man of ability
and iiDod jiidiznient. For many years he was
a justice of the peace, and was regarded as an
honest, fairmindcd judge and highly respect-
ed for the conseienti<)\is discharge of his otK-
cial duties. !Mr. Fennemore was a Whig, an
active worker, and always supported the party
ticket. Thomas Fennemore was married in
'J'lioroughfare Neck, to Aim Thompson,
datighter of a farmer of Blackbird hundred.
^Irs. Fennemore was a native of Thorough-
fare Xeck. Their children are: I. Sarah,
married Thomas Bratton, justice of tiie peace
of Townsend, Del.; II. John, died in early
manhiiod; III. Jesse, died in the prfmc of life;
IV. Ann, married first to Reuben Wyett and
afterwards to John Bruden, all of Avhom are
now dead ; A"^. Thomas, a farmer of Thorough-
fare Xeck; VT. Lewis; YII. Fannie (Mre. Al-
bert Sheldon), of Wilmington, Del.; VIII.
]\rary E., died in youth; IX. !M. Elizabeth
(!Mrs. (ieorge T. Jones), of Kent conntv, Del. ;
X. William II., of Blackbird hundred. Mrs.
Fennemore and her family were members of
the !M. E. church. She was a benevolent
woman, and highly esteemed by her iiianv
friends; she diet! at the homestead and is
buried in Friendship ^I. E. cemetery, ilr.
Fennemore died at his home in Blackbird hun-
dred in 18 — .

Lewis Fennemore was only a boy when his
father's death made it necessary for him to as-
sist in the support of the family. He attended
the public schools of the district when he
could be spared, which \7as »not often, as tlu;
sujiport of the family depended almost en-
tirely upon him. He was dutiful and affec-
tionate, and did cheerfully all in his power to
assist his widowed mother. Remaining with
the family, he cultivated the land for his
mother until he was twenty-six. ilr. Fenne-
more then bc*gan business for himself as a
farm-laborer, and for four years fo\ind em-
ployment among the farmers of his native
hundred. In 18G7 he began farming on his
own account, renting the Denney farm, a
tract of ;500 acres, situated near the Union
church; but after one year removed to Squire
Ferguson's farm, near Blackbird, whicii he cul-
tivated for four years. For one year he rented
3ti0 acres of the Jefferson farm at lilackl.iiJ

Landing, where he raised grain and live stock.
In 1874 ilr. Fennemore removed to Wil-
mington, I)el., and opened a grocery store at
the corner of Thirteenth and Walnut streets.
This A'cnturc nnt iir<i\'ing succc-^^ful after a
trial of five years, he aliandciucd the nu'r-
(diant's counter, and returning to the cidtiva-
tioii of the Soil, spent two years on a small
farm near Blackbird. .Mr. Fennemore then
rented the Willitts farm near Bear Station,
Xew Castle hundred, but at the end of thii
year, removed to a farm in White Clay Creek
Inindred, where he remained two years, rais-
ing grain, fruit, and live stock. In 1885 Air.
Fennemore removed to his present home, the
AVilson property, a farm of 120 acres, situated
in Ap))04uinimink hundred. He is an ener-
getic, progressive farmer, .and not content
with his success in raising grain and live stock,
has established a fine dairy. He is a member
of the Rei)ublican party, an active woi'ker^
and has always supported the party ticket.
He was for two years on the board of school
commissioners of Blackbird hundred.

Lewis Fennemore was married in 1857,
near Blackbird, to Alary J. Carpenter, who
was born at "Wilmington, Del., October 28,
1845. Their children are: I. Richard, a
conductor on tlie electric street railway, Wil-
mington, Del., born in Appoquinimink hun-
dred, December C, 18G7, married Alartha
Bowyer; II. Lewis Elwood, car conductor in
I'hiladelphia, Pa., was born in Town.send,
Del., February 28, 1874, was killed in 1894;
III. Cieorge Carpenter, l)oru in Wilmington,
Sejitember 5, 1878, died in youth; IV. John
Wilmore, born February 17, 1881, at King's
Crossing, near Blackbird. Mrs. Alary J. Fen-
nemore died January 1, 1893. She was a de-
vout Christian;her death was deeply mourned
by her husband and children. During the
short space of one year and a half, death de-
prived Air. Fennemore of his wife and two
children. Air. Fennemore was married in
Townsend, Del., December 9, 1M95, to Alar-
tha, daughter of AVilliani and Sarah (Hutche-
son) AA'eldon, of Api)oquinimink Inindred.
Air. AVeldon is deceased; his widow resides in
Townsend. Air. Fennemore and his wife are
members of the AI. E. church. He is gener-
ous, kind-hearted, honorable in all his deal-
ings and strictly temperate in all his habits.
He is an active and efficient worker in the
church, in which he has been class-leader and

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398

BIOGEAnilCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

an e.xhortcr for twenty-five years, teuchii
liy precept aftd example.

IJOEERT A. OOCIIKA^^ P. 0. MiJJle-
town, Del., son of Kobert riionias and Kliza-
Letli 11. (]\[oody) Cochran, was born in Saint
(leorge's hundred, July lit, 183G. After re-
ceiving^' his education in the pidilie seluxils of
the Inindred, at the academy of iliddletuwn,
and in the seminary in l\'nnington, N. J., he
remained with his father npon the home-
stead until he reached his majority. In 1857,
lie removed to the farm which he has evei'
since occupied and eidtivated, in Appoquini-
mink hundred; this land formerly belonged
to Dr. Arnold Naudain, but is now owned by
Kobert Thomas Cochran. Dcsides cultivat-
ing farm ]n'oduct3 in general, ilr. Cochran
devotes much attention to rearing good breeds
of stock, and to the dairy business; he has
spent the greater part of his life on this farm,
and is a skilled and successful agriculturist.
Mr. Cochran is of genial and cheerful man-
ners, lively and hospitable, a man of free but
kindly speech, and of domestic tastes and
liabits. lie is a Democrat, interested in the
success of his party, but not caring to secure
otiice or its spoils for himself.

Tiobert A. Cochran was married, October
12, 18G0, on the Hedge Lawn farm, in Saint
deorge's Inmdred, to Lydia E., daughter of
James and gi-anddaughter of lion. Arnold
Naudain, il. D., a sketch of whom is found
in this work. The children of ]\[r. and Mrs.
Cochran are: I. James, at home; II. Eliza-
Lcth Kaudain (Mrs. G. Spencer Comegys), of
Kent county; III. Robert L., killed by a rail-
road accident; IV. Harriet (Mrs. John P.
Cochran), of Kent connty, ]\[d. ; V. Louisa
Xaudain (Mrs. Joseph Griffith), of Monnt
Pleasant, Del.; VI. Lydia E.; VII. Mary
Patton; VIII. Douglass, at home; IX. Annie
Xaudain; X. Adelle IL; XI. Josephine Black-
iston^ at school. The home over which Mrs.
Kobert Cochran presides is socially a centre
of attraction; the family is noted for beauty,
intelligence, and refined and discriminating
ta:5te in literature and the arts, particularly in
music.

MANLOVE DAVIS WILSOX, P. O.
iliddlctown, Del., son of IManh.ve Davis and
ilary Vaughn" (Frame) "Wilsuii, was born in

.Vpp(Kiuinimink hundred, Xew Castle cuiuitv,
Del., Eeln-nary 2, 1839.

The Wilson family is of Scotch descent and
has been identified with Delaware fur many
years, its members ha\'ing been among tb,;
first settlers of Sussex county. Juhu ^\'ilsl)n,
grandfather oi ilanlove Davis "Wilson, 2, was
a native of Sussex county, where he was a
fai-mer, and conducted a general stcjre. He
was a Whig. He married Catharine Davis, of
Sussex county, and afterward removed to
Xew Castle county, settling near Middletown.

ifanlove Davis Wilson, son of John Wil-
son, "was born at Primchook Neck, Sussex
county, ilarch 5, 1819. He removed with
his i)arents to Xew C^istle county when a
youth, and received his education at the Mid-
dletown Academy. He remainc(l with his
father on his farm until he was sixteen years
old, when his father died. At the age of
eighteen he rented a farm and began its ctd-
tivation. He nuide and saved money, and
when he was twenty-one years old, purchased
tlic Perry farm of 200 acres, in Ajipoiiuini-
niink hundred, which he improved, planting
large orchard.s, and npon which he spent
thirty-fonr years. In 1885 he retired from
farnang and purchased a home in Middle-
town, where he I'esided until his death. Mr.
Wilson's life was a very successful one. He
profited much by his early education and
added to his store of knowledge by wide read-
ing. Ho was essentially a self-made man, and
accumulated nnich property. At his death
he was the owner of seven farms, two of them
to Cecil county, Md., and five in New Castle
county, Del. He was at once an ornament
and benefactor to his commnnity; generous,
charitable, tetuperate in all things, an ex-
ample in disposition and energy to all who
woidd attain to his degree of respect and in-
fluence and financial snccess. He was in his
early life a Whig, and later a Reptiblican, and
when the Prohibition party found an exist-
ence allied himself with it and contributed
much to the promotion of its cause.

Manlove Davis Wilson married, January
20, 1852, in Georgetown, Del., ilary Vaughn,
daughter of Ciet)rge and Elizabeth Jefi'erson
(Warrington) Frame. They had children: I.
John P., farmer, of Cecil county, ifd.; II.
(icorge F., of Middletown; HI. Catharine
(Mrs. John W. Roberts), of Blackbird hun-
dred; IV. Afanlove Davis; V. Mary J., at

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STATE OF DELAWARE

399'

lionie, an exceptionally cultured and refined
woman; VI. AVilliani Burton, farmer, of (^'ecil
county, ]\ld.; VII. Anna Laura (Mrs. Ed-
ward D. Ilearn), of Georgetown, Del., wlioso
liiisband is a well-known attoruey-at-law. JMr.
Wilson died in Middletown, Januai-y 13,
1S1)3, and was buried in the M. E. church
gravc^yard there. He was an active niendier
of the ^I.'Iv church, llrs.' "Wilson resides in
^Middletown. Her father, Oeorge Frame,
was prominent in business and political circles
in Delaware. lie was sheriff nf Sussex coun-
ty, and a member of the State Lej^islature.
^Irs. AVilfon was a valued help-mate to her
successful husband; she is a charitable neigh-
bor and a tender mother. Hers were always
the words of comfort and encouragement and
hers was always the first hand to lend assist-
ance. She is a member of the M. E. church,
and is deservedly esteemed as one of the most
indefatigable workci-s in her congregation.

^lanlove Davis Wilson, 2, was born on the
AViisuu homestead, in Xew Castle county,
where he now resides. He attended the pub-
lic schools and the !Middletown Academy
under Prof. AV right, and completed his course
at Dover Conference Academy under Prof.
Skinner. After leaving school, he retiirncd to
his father's home and assisted in theV-ultiva-
ticiu of the fann. AVhen his father removed
to iliddletown, ^Manlove D. Wilson took
charge of the homestead and since 1885 has
cultivated its 200 acres, raising grain and live
stock, and conducting a dairy. He has a very
])roducti\e farm, and by scientific methods
and close attention to its cultivation has ma-
terially increased its yield.' He is a careful
business man and fond of his home and fa7n-
ily. Jlr. AVilson is a Republi('an, but, like his
father, is not an oifice-seeker.

[Manlove Davis, '2, married, in Georgetown,
in 1SS9, Lizzie AV., daughter of Henry ( '.
and Ann (Kollock) Frame. Her parents are
natives of Sussex county and she w;us born
near iliddliborough, Del., where she attended
the public schools; her course of study was
completed at St. Mary's Hail, Burlington, N.
J. The children of Jlr. and Mi-s. AVils(ui are:
I. Harold, at school; II. Henry, died wlicn
young; 1 1 L Annie E., at home. !Mrs. AVilson
is a Woman of sweet disp(3sition, genial and
cultured. She is a member of the ]■*. E.
church, and faithful to her church duties.
!^^r. AVilMiu is connected with the i^f. V..

cluirch of iliddletown, a member of the Bible
class and an earnest worker for the advance-
ment of his congregation.

EDWAKD HART, Townsend, New Cas-
tle county, Del., son of Gan-ett il. and Zel-
lah (AVillis) Hart, was born on the Hart home-
stead, Kent county, Md., May 2\), 1859.
(For an account of his parentage, see sketcli
of G. M. D. Hart.)

Edward Hart was educated in the public
schools of the district. At sixteen, having
completed his school course, he secured a posi-
tion with his eldest brother, George M. D.
Hart, Avholcsale and retail lumber dealer,.
Townsend, Del., with whom he remained un-
til he reached his majority. Ambitious, and
full of energy and enterprise, Mr. Hart now
decided to begin business for himself. In
1880, therefore, he bought some small tracts
of tindier in Appoquinimink hundred, cleared
the land, and sold the lund)er to advantage.
The experience gained in his brother's es-
tablishment, with his intelligence and good
judgment, enabled him to select fine timber,
\yhich would command the highest prices.
Encouraged by his success, Jlr. Hart decided
to devote his whole time to manufacturing
lumber, and in 188'J built his first saw mill.
Edward Hart began business without capital;
ho was, however, richly endowed with energy,
self reliance, and patience. By unremitting
industry and attention to business ho has ad-
vanced step by step, and is now a landed pro-
prietor, and one of the most successful busi-
ness men of Appoquinimink hundred. He
owns and manages two saw-mills, one at Dex-
ter Corners, aucl one near Townsend, besides,
several farms, comprising more than 1,000
acres. His benevolence and honorable busi-
ness record command the respect and confi-
dence of his fellow-citizens. Mr. Hart is an
active worker in the Democratic party, in-
terested in all the affairs of the county. For
seven years he has been tax collector of Ai)po-
(piinimiiik hundred, by the appointment of
the Levy Court.

Edward Hart was married in Townsen<l, in
181)7, to Ada, daughter of AVilliam P. Pey-
n(.l(ls, station agent at Townsend, Del. ]\Ir.-;.
Hart was born in Blackbird hundred. They
have one child. :\lr. Hart and his wife are-
mendjcrs of the Al. E. church.

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BIOGliA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

JOHN W. ilcCOY, Odessa, Kent county,
Del., son of John and lliiunah (Lafferty) Mc-
Coy, was born at Thomas' iS^'ck, A[)po(iiii-
uimink hundred, JS'ew Castle county, Del.,
September 1'7, 184S.

The ilcCoy family, one of tiie old-
•dest of New Castle county, is of Scotch
Irish descent. John ^McCoy, father of
John W. ilcCoy, was a native of New Cas-
tle coimty. He attended the public schools
of the district, and not only made good use
of his time in school, but devoted his evenings
to study and reading. He was a careful,
thoughtful reader, and thus educated himself,
becoming an intelligent, well-informed man,
perfectly familiar with current events, enter-
taining and instructive in convei-sation. Mr.
McCoy's boyliood and youth were spent on
las father's farm, where he learned practical
farming and acquired a taste for the pleasures
of husbandry. After attaining his majority,
he began farming for himself, renting from
Columbus Watkius 35'J acres of fertile land.
Mr. ]\IcCoy not only harvested large crops
of grain, but also turned his attention to rais-
ing fine cattle, and to cultivating choice fruit.
Industrj', patience and liberal management
brought their full reward; and after culti-
vating this land for several years, he was ablj
to purchase for his home a farm of 225 acres,
situated near l^laekbird, New Castle county,
Del. Mr. ^IcCoy immediately began improv-
ing his property, enriching and fertilizing the
land, lie was an enterprising, scientific
farmer, and met with well deserved success.
He was interested in all that concerned tlie
welfare of the district, and served as road
commissioner and as a member of the board
of school commissioners. ilr. ilcCoy
was a life-long worker in the ranks
of the Democracy, a good citizen, es-
teemed and respected in the conunimity.
John McCoy was married at Townsend,
Appoqnlnimink hundred, to Hannah (Laf-
ferty) Roberts, widow of John Koberts.
Their children are: I. John W.; II. Sarah
Cih-s. Jacob C. Willison), of ]\Iilford, Del.
]\Irs. ilcCoy wa.s born in Aliddlctown, Del.,
and iiad two children by her first marriage;
I. James, living on the Watkins farm; 11.
^^lary (]\Irs. Joseph Caray), of iliddletown,
])cl. i\lrs. ilcCoy died on the AVatkins farm
in Appoquinimink hundred, and is buried
in the cemetery of Drawyer's Presbytcnan

cliurcii at Odessa, Del. Mr. McCoy's second
wife \\as ,Mary, daughter of Mark Davis, ilr.
Da\is is a farmer of New Castle, formerly
of Sussex county, I )el. The children of John
and .Alary (DavisJ AlcCoy arc: I. Annie (.Mrs.
iMsher Tierce), of .Milford, Del.; II. Clara;
111. A'irginia. :Mr. .McCoy died at his home
near Bhickbird, February 27, ISDO; ho is
buried in the cemetery of the M. E. church at
Odessa. His widow is a member of the M. E.
church. She and her daughters, Clara and
Virginia, reside in Smyrna, Del.

John W. ]\IcCoy attended the public
schools of the District No. 7'J, and afterwards
studied at iliddletown Academy, under Pro-
fessor Halloway, and at Newark Academy,
under I'rofessor Porter. He was a diligent
student, who knew how to prize such advan-
tages and to make the best use of them. He is
intelligent and well-read, interested not only
in history and science, but in literature and
a thoughtfid student of current events. Mr.
McCoy spent twenty-four years of his life
on the farm, working with his father and ac-
quiring practical knowledge of farming and
fruit raising. When his father removed to
the homestead, Mr. ]\IcCoy remained on the
Columb^is AVatkins place and began fanning
on his o\ra account. He spent fifteen years
on this land, and besides general farming
paid particular attention to raising choice
peaches. He had also a large dairy, whose
products were always in demand at good
prices. P].\perience and a patient attention
to the varieties best suited to the soil and
clinuite, have made ilr. ^McCoy eminently
successful ill the cultivation of peaches and
small fruits. In lSS8,.lie purchased his pres-
ent home, a farm of 300 acres, known as
the John Atherly tract. For ten years he
has been cultivating and improving this pro-
perty, planting orchards and setting out vines.
]\Ir. McCoy's well-tilled fields yield abundant
crops of grain, and his cattle and the products
of his orchards and dairy find a ready market,
ilr. ilcCoy is a Democrat, a good citizen,
respected and esteemed in the community.
For seven years he has been a member of the
board of school commissionei-s of District \o
7U.

John AV. ilcCoy was married in St.
George's hundred. New Castle county, Del,
Ajiril 15, l,s73, to Clara, daughter of AVil-
liani A. and Sarah (Shallcross) Cochran, and

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STATE OF DELAWAIU'J

401

nicec of (iovt'rnor J. P. Cocliran of St.
George's Inuulred. Mrs. iNEeCoy was bom in
St. George's hundred. Their eliildreii ;ne:
John, a graduate of Ookley's Business Col-
lege; II. William C; III. Elizabeth West;
IV. Eugene ('.; V. IMary; Yl. ilargarct V.;
Yll. Alice Eord. Mr. McCoy and his wife
are devout members of the il. E. clninii.
Mrs. ^leCoy's easy, pleasant manner, and in-
telligent conversation make her a favorite iu
all eireles.

JOIIX AV. ISAACS, P. 0. Fieldsborough,
New Castle county, Del., sou of Noah and
]\Iary A. (Conaway) Isaacs, was born iu Xanti-
eoke hundred, Sussex county, Uel., March 1,
1S44.

Ilis ancestors were old settlers of Sussex
county and well-known people. His grand-
father, Owen Isaacs, was born in that county,
and was engaged in farming all his years. lie
became an extensive land owner and cultivated
aliDut TiOii acres. During the war of 1812
he was a nunubcr of the home guard. Poli-
tically, he was of the Democratic faith. He
was a ])ronuiicnt and much-respected man.
Owen Isaacs was twice married, and had six
children. He died on his farm and was buricil
in Sussex count}'.

Noah Isaacs, son of Owen Isaacs by his
first wife, was born on the farm in 1814. He
TK'ver had an oi)portunity of attending school,
but obtained a store of useful knowledge by
his own etforts. He remained with his father
on his large farm until he w'as twenty-one
yt'ars old. Then he made his essay into the
world (ju his own account, renting a farm of
UiO acres in Nanticoke hundred. After ten
years of hai'd work, he purchased the Corn-
wood farm of 200 acres in the same hundred.
Here he made many improvements, erecting
a new house and barn, etc.; raised large eroi)s
of grain, cultivated extensive orchards and
reared much live stock. I'rospering by his
industry, ho added .'500 acres to his farm.
Over these aOO acres he still exercises stipervi-
si(m, giving his attention to every detail of the
work. A busy and useful life such as his
cannot fail of commanding the respect of the
comnumity, and in this ilr. Isaacs is most
hajJpY. He has been a Democrat from his
viiuth u]i. Noah Isaacs married Mary A.,
daughter "f Noble Conaway, of Sussex cuuii-
ty, Del. Mr. Conaway was a farmer of Irisii

descent. Mr. and ]\Irs. Isaacs had children:
1. J.avinia ( .M rs. .lames Day) of Kent county,
Del.; II. Lewis S., tai'uii-r, of Sussex county;
111. John W.; IV. Hester (.Mrs. Thomas
Swain), of Sus^cx county; V. Owen, of l\ent
conntv; ^'I. Emma, died when thirteen years
old; Vll. Noah, at home; VIII. Charles E.,
farmer, of Sussex county. The eldest, \vho
is not included in the above list, died young,
ilrs. ilary A. Isaacs died in 1880. She was
a member of the ^I. E. church. Noah Isaacs
married as his second wife Julia Lollus, widow
of Noble Conaway, and a native of Sussex
county. She had two children by her first
husband: I. Noah, of Sussex county; II. De-
liah (ilrs. Charles Isaacs), ^Ir. Isaacs has
been a mendjer of the il. E. cluu'cli for forty
years.

John W. Isaacs attended only the district
schools of his native hundred, and helped his
father on the farm until he was twent^'-three
years old. Then he leased a farm in Nanti-
coke hundred, and cultivated it for five years;
removed thence to his father's farm, and re-
mained there six yeare; then came to New
Castle county and settled on the Samuel R.
Warren farm of 05 acres, in Appoquinimink
hundred, for three years, and spent seven
years on the Landis farm of 300 acres in the
same hundred, raising graiti and live stock
an^l conducting a dairy. In 1SS8, he went
to the J. C. Corbett farm of 200 acres, and
has lived there for the past ten years. lie
raises general farm ]iroduce and live stock,
and pays much attention to a large dairy.
!Mr. Isaac is a successful farmer and a popular
man, genial and progressive. He was clei'k
of the district school board and a school com-
missioner for nine years. He is a member
of the I. O. IT., of Townsend, Del., and a
good Dt'inocrat, though no otHce-seeker.

On December 2'.i, 1807, John W. Isaacs
married I.ovey Catharine, daughter of Wil-
liam E. and Jane (Iletchins) Taylor, of Nan-
tiecJiC hundred, Sussex county, ilrs. Isaacs
was born in Concord, Sussex county. Her
father was a farmer, and of Scotch descent.
!Mr. and !Mi-s. Isaacs have children: I. ]\Iary
J. (]\Irs. Henry Austin), of Appoquinimink
hundred; II. Ilennan, died wdien young; III.
Ella, ,bvss-maker, of Philadelphia; IV. Sarali,
(li('<l young; V. Laura B., died young; VI.
l.andis, at home; VII. Daniel, at school;
\'lll. John Henry, at school; TX. (Jrace

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402

BIOGRA PIIICAL ENCY-CLOPEDIA

Irene, at home. ilra. Isaacs is one of the most
pojndar women in the hundredj is genial and
lieli)t'nl to all, and makes iier home tlie de-
liglit of her family and a favorite place of
assendjlage for her acquaintances.

JOHN R. CAKrENTER, P. 0. Odessa,

. Del., son of John R. 2, and Mary A. (Mes-

sick) t\arpenter, was bom in Cedar Creek

Neck, Cedar Creek hundred, Snsse.x coxmty,

Del., October 15, 1S55.

The Carpenter family came from England
many j'ears ago; its settlement in Sussex
county is among the first chronicled there.
Its members were quick to take up anns to se-
curetheliberty of the thirteen colonies and did
valiant service against the British king. Mes-
sick Cari)enter, great-grandfather of tFohn R.
Carpenter, 3, was born in Prime Hook Neck,
Cedar Creek hundred, Susse.x county, and was
a farmer and land-owner. lie was a soldier
in the Revolution. He married a resident
of Sussex county; their children were: I.
Isaac; II. Messick, 2; III. John R.; IV.
Sarah (ifrs. George Donovan), ilr. Carpen-
ter was a minister of the if. E. church and
an exemplary Christian.

John R. Carpenter, grandfather of John
R. Carpenter, 3, was born in Cedar Creek
Neck. He was a farmer during his short
life, and a Democrat, as was his father before
him. He married Mary Smith; they had
children: I. Pernel, died at age of twenty;
II. Jiachel, died when young; III. John R.,
2. j\Ir. Carpenter died when about thirty
years old. He was a member of the il. E.
church and was buried in the !M. E. grave-
yard in Cedar Creek hundred. After his
death, his widow married Clement Postels.
They had two children: I. ^lary (Mrs. John
^Volcott), of Frederica, Kent county, ^Id. ;
II. David, died young. !Mrs. Postels died
near Frederica, lid., and was biu'ied in
the old Brick Chapel graveyard, Kent county,
!Md. She was a luembcr of the M. E. church.
John R. Carpenter, 2, was born in Cedar
Creek Neck, Octcdier 2, 1S19. When he
was three years old his father died, and he
became a member of the household of his
grandmother, Mrs. Smith. His step-father
took him to his own home when the boy was
fourteen, and there the lad worked on the
farm and jirovided for his mother until he
was twentj'-seven years old, when he married

and established his own home. He availed
hini.self diligently of his rather limited op-
])ortunities to obtain an education, and was
l)repared to make his own way rapidly and
successfully. He first rented a farm in Cedar
Creek hundred and cultivated it until 1SG»
when he removed to New Castle county and
settled in Pencader hundred. He engaged in
farming there for four years, then in Red Lion
Jiundred for two years, afterward on the
Rogei-s property at Blackbird landing for ten
years, and concluded his work as a tiller
of the .soil in Appoquinimink hundred.
He has now retired from the active su-
pervision of his farm, but still resides in
Ajjpoquinimink hundred. ilr. Carpenter
has been a very industrious man, a gen-
erous neighbor, and a temperate, useful
citizen. He cast his first vote for William
Henry Harrison for president and supported
the Whig ticket until the era of the Know-
Nothing party. Then he became a Demo-
crat and has continued such ever since. He
is liberal in his views, but he is opposed to
political equality for the white and black
races.

John R. Carpenter, 2, was married, near
Milford, Sussex county. May 12, 1817, by
Rev. T. P. ilcCauley, a clergyman of the
]\r. E. church, to Mary A., dau.ghter of Wil-
liam and Elizabeth (Donovan) Messick. Mi-s.
Carpenter was born near Georgetown, March
27, 1823. Her parents were of Irish descent
and were ohl residents of Delaware, ilr. and
Mi-s. Cai-penter had children: I. Elizabetli
(Mrs. Solomon Fountain), of Delaware City;
II. Hester, dress-maker, of Philadeljihia; Il'l.
Albert, of Philadelphia; IV. ilary Qhs.
George Ileaiitton), widow, of Philadelphia;
V. Virginia (Mrs John Ross), of Philadel-
phia, ^Ir. Ross is a contractor and builder;
VL John R., 3; VII. Sarah (:\Ii-s. Henry
Lyons), of New Castle hundred; VIII. James,,
farmer of Ajjpoquinimink hundred; IN. Car-
rie (Mrs. Townsend Warren), of Appoquini-
mink hundred; N. a child, who died in in-
fancy. ]\Ir. and Mr.s. Carpenter, on ^fav 22"",
1897, celebrated the fiftieth anniversary nf
their marriage. Their married life has been
uniformly happy. They have zeahuisly
observed the old precept, not to let the >un
go down on their anger, and in their old days,,
the retrospect of a life of unmixed tranquil-
lity and mutual iia]i|iiiiess is \cy\ iileiL-iiig to

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\Jn^>Yt^^afyyi^ t.-J^ATO?

STATE OF DELAWARE

405

them. ^Ir. Carpenter has been a member
of the M. E. cliurch for more than fifty years.

John IL Carpenter, 3, reevived his eihu-a-
tion in tlie public schools of Pencader and
St. Ceorgc's hundreds. Until he was thirty-
one years old, he was his father's assistant on
the farm; then he leased a tract of land in
Thoroii"hfare Xeck, Blackbird lumdrcd. He
remained there one 3'car, and then removed
tu Daniel Corbett's farm of 200 acres in Appo-
qninimink hundred. Seven years later, in
is'JT), he leased the John C. Corbett farm of
lOO acres. There he engaj^ed in reariim;
live stock on> a large scale, and kept twenty-
five cows for dair^' purposes. lie is a practi-
cal and successful farmer, one of the best in
tiie hundred. Mr. Caqicnter is a Democrat
and has been a school commissioner for s(n'eu
years. On ^larcli 14, 1887, near Odessa,
Del., John K. Carpenter, 3, married Martha
J., daughter of Andrew, 2, and Helena
(.hi^np) (jreen. They have one child, John
1{. 4, who is attending school, ilr. and Jlrs.
Carpenter are members of the M. E. church.

Andrew Green, 2, father of ilrs. Carpen-
ter, was born inCaroline county,Md., in 1822.
He was a son of Andrew Green, a well-
known ri'sident of Caroline county, of Irish
descent, a farmer and extensive land(jwner
and slave holder. Andrew Green, 2, was
educated in ilaryland and made farming his
life occupation. lie was, also, a slave-owner,
but voluntarily gave his negroes their free-
dom. He was a tax-collector at one time in
his district. I>ofore the Civil War he was a
A\'hig, but afterward joined the Republican
j)artv. lie died in 1872, and was buried in the
!M. E. church graveyard in Greensborough,
( 'aroline county, ild. He was a member of
the j\I. E. church. Andrew Green, 2, married
Helena, daughter of John Jump, of Caroline
county. Mr. Jump was of English descent.
!Mr. and Mrs. Green had children: I. Mary
(Mrs. Thomas Collins), of Oxford, Talbot
co\inty, Jld. ; II. Thomas, died at the age of
thirty-five; III. :Martha J. (Mrs. John R.
Carpenter); IV. Eva, died young; V. Katha-
rine C; VI.Robert II., died young, ifrs.
Green died in 186ft, in Caroline county.
IMartha J. (^Irs. Car]ienter) was educated in
the public schools of Ridgely and the Bishop
Lay Ejiiscopal school at Easton, IMd. She was
graduated from the latter institution in 187.'),
and for eleven yeare taught school; one yi-ar
23

in Dorchester, two years in Caroline county,
J\Id., and eight years in Appoijuininiink hun-
dred, Xew Castie county, Del. She is highly
educated, geninl and jxipular, and one of the
heading s]iirits in her ^ jiiiunity in charita-
ble and literary iiui\-enieiits.

JAMES C. GIXX, 1'. O. Townsend, Del,
son of James and .Margaret (Thornley) Ginn,
was born at the head of Sassafras River, in
Cecil county, ]\Id., Augnist 22, 1SG3.

In the lists of the old families of Delaware
the Ginn name is couspicious. The tlrst set-
tlers of that name in this state came from
Ireland. William Ginn, grandfather of
James C. Ginn, was born on what is known
as "The Levels," Appoquinimiidc hundred,
New ( 'astle county, Del. He grew up a farm-
er, purchased and cultivated a tract of 200
acres near his birthplace, and became a well-
to-do husbandman and stock-raiser. His po-
litical alliances were with tin; Democratic
party. He married Ivebecca Donahoc. They
had children: I. William, dccea-ed; IL
(Jeorge, deceased; 111. Elizabeth (.Mrs. Wil-
liam Cleaver), deceased; IV. John, of Appo-
quinimink hundred; V. James; VI. Beuja-
uun, merchant of Dagstown, Appoquinimink
hundred; VII. ]\Iartin, farmer, of St. George's
hundred. Mr. and Mrs. Ginn died on the
farm and were buried in the Union ]M. E.
graveyard, Appoquinimink hundred. They
were members of the M. E. church.

James Ginn, father of James C. Ginn^ was
born on the Ginn homestead, Feltruary 4,
1824, and was educated in the public schools
of the vicinity. He remained with his father
until he attained his majority, and then be-
gan alone his struggle with the world. This
struggle was a severe one and sorely trying,
but through no fault of ]\Ir. (Jinn; and that
he overcame many obstacles and kept Ids dis-
position unwarped after grievous discourage-
ments is greatly to the credit of the man whose
declining years are brightened by success and
the respect of all who know him. When he
left the paternal roof he leased a farm in Cecil
county, .Md. In a few years lie had laid away
sufficient money to purchase a tract of land
in Cecil county. Just at the beginning of
his career as a land-owner he lost his fann.
ITe was of a generous disposition and a friend
of those who need friends, and ho became se-
curity for an acquaintance. This acquaint-

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406

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ancc failed to meet liis oblij^atiuns, and ]\lr.
Giuii's farm was sold to satisfy the tleiuaiids
of the creditors. In conseijueiice of this loss,
Mr. (iinu returned to Delaware and sjient a
Year near Odessa, it was his iiillexiiih' piii'-
jiose to regain all he had lost and he set to
work, penniless, to make another home Utv
Jiimself. He leased the Cochran farm of 1 10
acres in Appoquininiink hundred, and re-
mained there one year. In 1S7G he purcluised
a farm of 178 acres in Blackhird hundred.
Here he has spent tiie past twenty-two years
as a cultivator of grain and fruits and a gf<iwer
of live stock. Originally a Democrat, j\[r.
Giun is now an earnest advocate of l'rohil)i-
tion, and an active member of the party. He
was the Prohibition candidate for Levy Court
Commissioner, but was defeated. James
(jinn married Jfargaret, daughter of Edwin
W. and Eliza (Culmer) Thornley, of I'hila-
delphia. Edwin W. 'J'hornley was a plumber;
he was born in Louisiana, reared in Pennsyl-
vaida, and married iliss Culmer in Delaware.
Mr. and Mrs. (iiiin had children: I. AVilliaui,
was drowned when a youth; II. George,
farmer, of Appoquininiink hundred; III.
James C; IV. AValter, farmer, of ''The
Levels," Appoquininiink hundred; V. Ed-
ward, died when young; XI. Alonzo, died
when young; VII. ]\Iargaret (]\Ii's. Greeley
AVebb), of Blackbird hundred. Air. and
Mrs. Ciinn reside in Jilackbiid hundred. They
are faithful members of the M. E. church.
James C. Ginn was a pupil in the public
school of Cecil county, ^Id., and of Ajipoquini-
mink and Blackbird hundreds, Del. Twenty-
one years of his life were spent at home. Then
he secured employment as a farm laborer, at
$14 per month, in Blackbird hundred. Two
ycai"s later he leased the John Derricks(]n
farm of 150 acres; after a year he removed to
"The Levels" and rented the Ginn farm of
150 acres; there he remained three yeai-s as a
grain, stock and fruit fanner; another year
was spent on the Edward Cochran fann, in
the same hundred, and diu'ing the succeed-
iug three years he occupied the Samuel Ginn
farm of 200 acres. In 1891 he removed to
(lie John C. Corbett farm of 300 acres, where
he now resides. He raises general farm ])ro-
duce and conducts a large dairy, for which he
keeps twenty cows. He has on his farm thir-
teen horses and much other live stock. .Mr.
Ginu is a lidnd farmer and bu-iue-- man, and

a popular citizen. lie is a member of Towu-
.send Council, Xo. 11, Jr. O. U. A. M. He
was foi-merly a Democrat, imt some j'ears ago
allied himself with the Prohibitionists; he is
'■|emj)erate iu all ihings," and an earnest ail-
voeale of the lemperauce cause.

On December I'Jth, ISSS, at the ^I. E.
church, iu Townsend, Del., James C. <iinn
married ^fary E., daughter of William J. and
Mary (Taylor) Daniels. :\Ir. Daniels is a
farmer of Appoquiniudnk hundred. Mr. and
]\rrs. Ginn's children are: I. AVilliam J., at
school; 11. Arthur G., at school; HI. :Mar-
garet M., died in infancy; IV. James C. ilr.
and ]\Irs. Ginu are members of the M. K.
church.

The Daniels family, of which ^Ii-s. James
C. Ginu is a member, is of English origin.
Abraham Daniels, great-grandfather of ilrs.
Ginn, was born iu luigland, and when a
young man came to this country in a sailing
vessel. He landed at Philadelphia and jour-
neyed thence to Sussex county, Del., where
he resided until his death. He was engaged
in farming on Cedar Creek Neck, Cedar
Creek hundred. Politically he was a Demo-
crat. Abraham Daniels was twice married.
By his first wife, !Mary Daniels, he had two
children: I. James; II. Joshua. Mr. Dan-
iel's second wife was Ann Comfort. Tludr
children are as follows: I. ilary (Airs.
Joshua Bennett); II. Jacob, deceased; III.
AVilliam, an aged resident of Townsend; IV.
James, deceased; V. Stockley, deceaswl; VI.
David, deceased. Mr. Daniels died at Cedar
Creek Neck; his widow died at the residence
of her son, David Daniels, Price's Corner,
Appoquininiink hundred. Both were mem-
bers of the if. E. church.

Jacob Daniels, grandfather of Mrs. Ginn,
was born near Lewes, Sussex county, Del., in
1808, and was a farmer nearly all his life. Af-
ter his marriage, he removed to New Castle
county and settled in St. George's hundred.
He leased different farms in New Castle coun-
ty, and cultivated them until within a year or
two of his death, when he removed to Wil-
mington. He was in early life a Whig but
afterward became an active Democrat. Mr.
Daniels was man-ied three times and Wiis the
father of twenty-five children. His fii-st wife
was Ann Eord, of Georgetown, Sussex coun-
tv. Thev had children: I. Cdinfort Ann
(.Mrs. :\lnses •Mar>hall), deceased; IT. George

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I.' I'l

STATE OF DELAWARE

407

W., deceased; ll'l. William J.; IV. ifary
(Mrs. Mattliew luish), of ilarjdand, deceas-
ed ; V. Ileiu7, decea.sed; two died in infancy.
Mi-s. Ann Daniels died in Appoquinimink
hundred and was buried in the Union Church
graveyard. Jacob Daniels' second wife was
Kaehcl Hutchinson. Tlieir children were:
I. Benedict, deceased; 11. P. Stocklcy, of
Townsend; III. Abigail (Mrs. George Ath-
ouell), of Alaryland; IV. Joseph, of Black-
bird; V. Jacob, of AVilmington; VI. Edward,
of Appoquinimink Imndred. Mrs. Bachcl
Daniels died in Appoquinimink himdred and
was buried in the Union church graveyard.
As his third wife, Jacob Daniels nuirned
Catharine Clifton. Their children were
twelve : 1. Sarah (Mrs. AVilliam
]\Ioore) ; II. Willard, of Wilmington ;
III. Josephine (ili-s. George V. An-
derson), of Wilmington ; IV. Tall)ot, of
Wilmington; V. Lydia (Mrs. Edward
Merdcs), of Wilmington; VI. Clarence, o f
Wilmington; VII. Frank, was shot by acci-
dent in Wilmington; VIII. Bertha, decca.sed;
IX. Alice, of Wilmington; three children
died in infancy; two were twins. ^Mr. Dan-
iels died in Wilmington in 1889, aged eighty-
one years. He was a member of the il. E.
church, and was buried in the Emanuel
church graveyard, ifrs. Daniels still resides
in Wilmington.

William J. Daniels, father of Mrs. Ginn,
was born near MidJletown, Del., J\ine 9,
1837. lie was educated in the district
schools of the hundred, and assisted liis father
on the farm nntil lie was of age. Then he
U'ased three farms successively: in Appoquin-
imink hundred, one year; Kent coimty, Del.,
three years; Governor Biggs' farm, Kent
county, ]\rd., eleven years. lie piirchased a
tract of 120 acres near Taylor's Corner and
cultivated this for nine years, when he dis-
posed of it and removed to Townsend, where
he remained five years. Mr. Daniels is now
farming a tract of 120 acres which he owns
near Townsend; on it he successfully con-
ducts a dairy, and raises live stock, lie is a
worthy citizen. Ilis political adherence is to
the Democratic party. William J. Daniels
married, on February 25, 18G2, in Kenton,
Del., Mary II., daugliter of William H. and
INfartha (Wood) Taylor. ilrs. Daniels was
bom in Smyrna, and is of English descent,
through both parents. Her father is a shoo-

niaker. Mr. and !Mrs. Daniels have children:
I. Clara A., wife of Gardner Shocklcy, of
Townsend, who is engaged in the creamery
business; II. William J., 2, of Wilmington,
freight conductor on the B. & (). K. K.; III.
George; IV. Mary E. (^Irs. James C. Ginn);
V. Elmer, died when eight years old; VI.
Howard and Yll. Horace (twins), both died
young; VIII. Eva (Mrs. John S. Collins);
IX. ilartha, died in infancy. Mr. Daniels is
a member of the il. E. church.

HENRY M. DEAKYNE, P. O. Towi-
scnd, Del., son of Ward and Martha (Dyot)
Deakyne, was born uc^r Townsend, Appoqui-
nimink huridred, New Castle county, Del.,
October 4, 1SG4.

His father was born inAppoquinimink hun-
dred in 18i;3, and made farming his life occu-
pation. In his eiU'ly life he owned a faiTU
of one hundred acres in Appoquinimink hun-
dred, on which he made many improvements;
but after residing on it for several years, he
Wii:3 compelled to sell it in order to meet his
obligations as bondsman for delinquent tax-
collectors of the hundred. He was of a gen-
erous and helpful disjjosition, and this fact
caused his early reverees. Afterward he
lived on leased farms in Appoquinimink hun-
dred nntil his death; the last three years
were spent on the George Polk farm. He
was a popular man and a life-long Democrat,
but never sought nor would accept an office.
Ward Deakyne married, in Smyrna, Martha
Dyot, a native of Kent county, Del., and
widow of Tillman Cox. ^Ir. and !Mrs. Dea-
kyne had children: I. Henry M. ; II. Charles^
market gardener, of Wilmington; III.
liol)ert; IV. James; the latter two died
when young. Mr. Deakyne died in 188G,
and was buried in the Union church grave-
yard at Townsend. He was a consistent mem-
ber of the ^Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs.
Deakyne resides with her son, Henry M.
She has a wide circle of warinly attached
fi'icnds, was an excellent wife, and is a good
mother and neighbor. She is an active mem-
ber of the ^IcthcKlist Episcopal church. Mrs.
Deakyne had, by her fii'st husband, Tillman
Cox, one child, William Cox, farmer, of St.
George's hundred, New Castle county, Del.

Henry !M. Deakyne attended the p\iblic
schools, and worked on the farm as a general
assistant until the death of his father. Then

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40S

BIOGEAPniCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ho assumed tlie mauagement of the large
I'olk farm of 250 acres, on which he inado
many im^jrovemcnts. In 18SS, he removed
to x\lrs. Corbett's farm of 300 acres near Tay-
lor's Eridge, Appoc^uiuimink hundred, wliere
he raised large quantities of peaches, led
many head of live stock and conducted a dairy
, fur eight years. lie was a successful farmei-,
industrious, and a student of the science of
farming; with his gradual accumulations, ho
puivhased the Warren farm of 147 acres near
AVilson's Corner, in Appo»iuinimink hundred.
He has improved this tract, antl by his energy
and practical methixls will soon make it one
of the most productive in the county; his at-
tention is given principally to raising live
stock and to his dairy, ilr. Dcakyne is hon-
orable, temperate and univeivall}' respected,
and has high standing in his community. lie
has been clerk of the school board of District
71-}, and was a member of the K. G. E., but
has allowed his membership to run out. Ho
was formerly a Democrat, but has recently
espoused the ])rinciples of the Prohibition
party, and votes its ticket.

Henry M. Deakyne was maiTied, near Tay-
lor's Bridge, Del., to Lillie Gibbons. Mi-s.
Deakyne was liorn in Apiioquinimink hun-
dred. Her father was a soldier in the Civil
"War and is now dead. ]Mr. Deakyne is a
faithful member and a trustee of the M. E.
church.

ALBERT N. SUTTOlSr, J. P., St.
George's, IS^ew Castle county, Del., was born
in that town July 22, 1845, son of James and
Abigail B. (Barber) Sutton.

The Sutton family is of English and Scotch
descent. John Sutton, great-grandfather of
Albert N. Sutton, was a native of England,
who came to tliis country with his brothers,
and settled on the Eastern Shore of lilaryland.
He afterwards removed to Eent county, Del.,
where he engaged in farming near the city of
Dover; there he passed his life, died, and was
buried. John Sutton was married i\ray 15,
1753, to Jane Allen; their children were: T.
Ann B., born 'May 13, 1754; IT. Samuel B.,
born September 2(5, 1758, married Ann Col-
bert, who was bom July 4, 1707; he died
September 10, 1800; TTT. William B., bom
March 27, 17G1, died in 1805; IV. John,
horn January 20, 1705, died in infancv; V.
Jolm, 2, born September 10, 1707; VT. Al-

len, born August 15, 1771, died in 17^0. All
the family were membei-s of the Presbyterian
church. All having Ijcen Lorn in this state
in ante-revolutionar)- days, tliey are reckonetl
among its early settlers.

The tifth of this family, John Sutton, 2,
was a man of enterprise and ability, having
various interests, and was well known through-
out the state. He received a fair education^
and learned fanning in his youth. In eaidy
numhood, he removed to Saint George's,
where he purchased and cultivated a tract of
land. He was also a merchant, the tir,t one
in Saint George's, and for a number of years
the only one. Another of his enterprises was
ship-building. At one time, he owned half of
the land on which Saint George's is built; and
the land on which the road from that towai
to Delaware City is laid out, was his gift to
the county. John Sutton was a Jeffei-sonian
Democrat. Ho was a member of tiie Levy
Court of New Castle county, and was one of
the tmstecs of the poor. He figured in state
politics as well as in the public affaii-s of his
county, which he represented for a numljer
of terms in the state legislature, one of those
terms being spent in the senate. He was
actively interested in the war of 1812, and
seiwed in the United States anny. John Sut-
ton, 2, married ]\Iargaret Nuttell; tlieir chil-
dren are: T. James; II. John, a farmer; III.
William, deceased; IV. Samuel, merchant,
miller, and justice of the peace of Saint
George's; V. Jane, deceasetl, wife of Dr.
Latta; VI. JIargaret, deceased, wife of Dr.
Genunil, of Chestorto^\^l, ild. John Sutton
was a Presbyterian; having been among the
founders of the congregation in which he was
enrolled, he was ever a faithful promoter of
its interest.*; he sen'cd it a.s tnistee for forty
years, and for twenty-seven years as elder. He
and his wife are buried in the cemetery at
Saint George's.

Tlieir eldest son, James Sutton, born in
Saint George's in 1705, received his educa-
tion in subscription sclmols, read medicine,
studied and took his degree as a physician at
JefFcrson ^^ledical College, Philadelphia, and
practiced in his native tovn\. Dr. Sntton
opened the first drug store in Saint George's,
and conducted it until his death. He was a
man of much enterjirise and public spirit, al-
ways actively interested in the prosperity of
his native to\m, which he aided crreatlv in

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I MM .) t . ,'l

STATE OF DELAWATIE

409

building up and impro\aiig. He owned and
operated bark, saw and grist mills in Saint
Cieorgc's, and was the tii-st to introduee the
inanul'aetnre of shell lime into the state. For
forty eonseeutive years he was postmaster ui
the town; he was also captain of the J^ight
Iloi-se Comiiany of St. (ieorge's, and during
the construetiou of the Delaware and (.'hisa-
peake' Canal, he frccpicntly did go<jd service
in quelling nots. Like his father, he was an
extensive slave-ownicr. Dr. Sutton was al-
Avays a Democrat. He was four times mar-
ried. Jlis first wife was a daughter of the
Stewart family; their only child, John Sut-
ton, was an engineer, sen'ed in the United
States Xavy, and was in the United States
steamship Missouri when it was lmrne<l at
Gibraltar. lie afterwards became Chief En-
gineer on a line of steamshii^s pljnng between
San Francisco and Portland, Ore,, was wreck-
ed on the coast of Oregon while chief en-
gineer of the John S. Wright (formerly the
U. S. S. Keystone State). The crew were
sui)posed to have been massacred by Indians
after reaching the coast in safety. ^Irs.
(Stewart) Sutton died in Saint (ieorge's.
The doctor's second wife was !Mis3 Jan-
vier; of this marriage there was no issue;
she (lic(l, and was buried in Xew Castle, Del.
The ni-.\t marriage was \\'illi Abigail B. Vnir-
ber, who was born at Sunmiit Bridge, Del.
The children of Dr. and ]\Irs. (Barl)er) Sut-
ton are: I. Julia, deccase'l, was the wiio of
Thomas Ixcynolds, brother of Governor Tfey-
nolds, of Delaware; II. James, deceased,
merchant and druggist of Saint (u'orge's;
III. AlliertX.; hcsides three who died in in-
fancy. Tlic mother died in ]Marcli, 1S49, at
St. CJeorge's, where she is buried. She was
.a member of the Presbyterian church. Dr.
Sutton was afterwards married to Su-an Cos-
ier, a native of Columbia, Pa.; tliey had two
cliildren: I. Frederick G., who is a liook-
keejicr in Xew York; II. Catherine, who
died young,

In every generation, from PeviJutionary
times downward, activity and puldic spirit
have <']ianH'tei-ized the Stitton faniilv, ami its
nuiiihci-s have de.serve<lly enjoyed the re-
spect of the community. The repre.'sentative
whose name stands at the head of thi-^ .sketch,
is the fourth child of James Sutton, ^{. T).
Albert XT. Sutton pursued his elcmeiit^irv
studies in the i)ublic schools of Ped Lion hnn

dred, Xew Castle county, and afterwards
studied at the acadciuy at West Chester, Pa.,
and at the Pennsylvania Slate Agricultural
College, from wliich he was graduated in
]>S(li.'. On his returu t.^ his native state, he
entered the drug store of Dr. A. IL C.rim-
shaw, of Wilmiugton, Del. Some time later,
he ohtained employment in I'hiladelphia, first
in the drug store of I»r. Geegan, and after-
wards in that of J. Crawi'ord 1 tawes. Keturn-
ing in 18G4 to Saint George's, ^Ir. Suttoa
bought the drug store of Dr. Panck, and con-
diictcil the business at that st^ind for more
than twenty-four years. lie lias also taken,
an active and useful ])art in ])ublie affairs.
lie was first appointed justice of the jieace by
(iovernor Hall, in 18S0, and has filled that
office for seventeen yeai-s; his last re-appoiut-
nient was received from Governor Peyuolds
in 1804. His decisions have always been sus-
tained by the higher courts, both criminal and
civil. Mr. Sutton was appointcil postmaster
of St. George's l)y President Cleveland in
1SS4; that lie filled the position satisfactorily
is attested by his re-aiipointment by the same
president in" 1803. In 1807, he was elected
for two years to the state legislature, on the
Democratic ticket, rcceiA-ing the unanimous
support of his party. He has acted on various
committees, among them a law and order com-
mittee, and a committee for rcA-ising consti-
tutional statutes, of both of whicdi he was
cdiairman. ^Ir. Sutton was a school commis-
sioner for six years, and was clerk of liis ward ;
he was one of the incoiiiorators of Saint
George's in 1877, and a member of the town
council. In 1>^0S :\rr. Sutton was nominated
by his jiartv for state senator in the District
iu whicli he resided. The landslide that
struck Delaware for the first time in its his-
tory, reversed the political ascemlancy of his
l)arty, and ^\^th his jiarty, he was defeated,
feeling, however, greatly pleased with having
run ahead of his ticket. He is Past (Jran.l
:\Iasterof Xational Lo.lge, Xo. -.',2,1. O. O. F.;
a charter member of the A. O. V. "\V., and a
member of the Jr. O. U. A. M., Old (ilory
('ouucil.

Albert X. Sutton was married in Philadeb
]ihia, ill 1801. to Susan L., daughter of
Thomas and :\Iary ( Howell) Laws. Her
tather was engaged in the >lioe business at
X'ew Castle, where Mrs. Sutton was bom.
'I'he chililrcn id' lliis inarriagi" arc: I. Abl.io

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410

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

(ilrs. George Bright), of Delaware City, Del. ;
11. Laurie J., deceased; 111. Alary (Airs.
Clarence Poole), of ISaint George's; IV.
Eitty, died at the age of thirteen; V. Eva;
VI. Oriaiido; VII. Erederiuk. The fiunily
are all members of the Presbyterian church.

FKANK BELVILLE, M. D., Delaware

'City, Del., sou of John P. and Alary Barr

(Belville) Belville, was born in Ked Lion

hundred. New Castle county, Del., September

21, 1852.

llLs grandfather, Thomas Belville, was a
well known citizen of Odessa, then Cantwell's
Bridge, in Saiut George's hundred, where he
resided throughout his life. lie took an ac-
tive part in public affairs, and in his later
years was deputy sheriff of New Castle coun-
ty. Thomas Belville was married to Sarah
"Wood, of l>^ew Castle county; they had chil-
dren as follows: I. Thomas W.; II. Sarah
(Airs. Isaac V. Clark), widow, of Saint
George's; III. Alargaret (Airs. Curtis B. El-
lison), deceased; IV. John P. A child, older
than any of the above nained, died in early
infancy. Thomas Belville died in 1890; his
wife died in IS'JT, in Pcxl Lion hundred, an<l
her remains are interred in the burial ground
of Drawyer's Presbyterian church; the fam-
ily were all members of that denomination.

John P. Belville was born at Odessa, De-
cember 6, 1819, ajid was still very young
■when his fatlier died. He grew up on the
homestead with his mother, and attended the
schools of his district. When he l)ecame a
yoting man, he purchased the farm belong-
ing to Rev. R. B. Belville, and now ownied by
Dr. AlcCoy, in Red Lion hundretl. This
tract, which contained 200 acr^. Air. Belville
cultivated for twenty-five yciirs, adding the
rearing of live stock to his general agricultural
operations. At the end of that time, he turn-
ed his attention to mercantile business, and
canled on a store at Saint George's for foiu'
years; then, withdrawuig from active busi-
ness, he resided for five years in Delaware
City. Air. Belville, after this, received succes-
sively two appointments from the TJ. S. gov-
ernment, the first a clerkship in the Internal
Revenue department, at "\Vilmingt.on, which
he held for four years, and the second a ])0-
sition in the Navy department, at Washing-
ton, D. C, which he occujiied for four years.
Since the expiration of the latter toi-ui, lie has

live<l a life of leisure and retu'ement. In ad-
dition to these national appointments, Air.
Belville has served in the State Senate of Del-
aware, to which he was elected in 18U2, aud
also as commissioner in the Levy Court; tho
former position he filled for four years; the
latter one for eight years. Otiice has been
conferred upon Air. Belville \insought, and
the nundjor of responsible positions to which
he has been calle<.l is ample evidence of the
value of his services. As school comniissiouer,
he has lent his aid in the promotion of iwpular
education. Air. Belville wa.s first a Whig, and
afterwards a Republican. During the latter
]wrt of the war of the Rebellion, he was tiret
lieutenant in Captain Alilligan's iudei)endent
cavalry company. Hon. John P. Belville was
married in Red Lion hundred to Alary B.,
daughter of Rev. R. B. and Alary Belville;
Rev. Air. Belville was a minister of the Pres-
byterian church, to which his daiighter and
son-in-law also belong; Hon. J. P. Belville is
an elder of the congregation at Wilmington.
The children of this marriage are: I. Cathe-
rine, deceased; II. Robert B., of Philadol-
pliia, has a position in the oftiee of the Schuyl-
kill Valley R. R.; III. Thomas AV., of Potts-
ville, Pa.; IV. Frank; V. Alarj^ Ann (Airs.
II. C. Taylor), of Wilmmgton, Del.; VI.
John P., Jr., deceased; VII. Allen Leslie,
druggist, of New York City. The pei-sonal
character of Hon. John P. Belville, as well
as his public services, has placed him high iu
the estimation of his fellow-citizens.

Dr. Frank Belville received his primary
education at home under a private tutor, and
M'as later a student in the academies of Dela-
ware City and Hartsville, Pa.; he was gradu-
ated from the latter in 1871. During the suc-
ceeiling year, he read medicine at Saint
fJeorge's under the preceptorshi]i of Dr. I. S.
Vallandighain, now of Aliddletown, after
which he enteroil the College of Physicians
and Surgeons, in Baltimore, Aid., attending
lectures there for three years, and received his
diploma with honors in the spring of 1875.
Thence he went to Philadelphia, and took a
s])ecial coui-se imder J. Ewing Alers, AI. D.,
a member of the faculty of Jefferson Aledical
College, in order to qualify himself for ser-
vice as a surgeon in the II. S. Navy. When
this course was completed, however. Dr. Bel-
ville's parents and friends urged him to alian-
don the idea of entering the navy; in defer-

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STATE OF DELAWAEE

-111

euce to their wishes he surrenJered his cher-
ished purpose, and in 1870 established hiiii-
self ill Dehnvare City as a practicing physi-
cian and surgcou. There he has remained
ever since, extending the territoiy in which
his services are in demand throughout Ked
Lion hundred, and as far distant as Fort Penn,
Saint (Jeorgc's liundred. Dr. Belvillc is a
skilkid practitioner, of couitcous and engag-
ing manners, lie is an extensive reader, and
possesses one of tlie best selected private li-
braries in Delaware City. His name is on the
rolls of membei-ship of the American Medical
Association and the State iledical Society of
Delaware; of the latter he was president in
1805, and is now permajient seci-etary. Dr.
Belville is prominent in the Masonic order,
is past master of Jackson Lodge, No. 19, of
Delaware City, and was deputy grand master
of the state. Politicallv he is a Deinoi'rat.

On October 27, ISbO, Dr. Frank lielvillo
was married in Delaware City to Emma
Louise, daughter of John and Susan (Rowan)
Ash; she was born in Delaware City. Their
children are: I. Charles G. Ash; II. Laura
Louise. _

The Ash family is among the oldest and
best families of this section of the Atlantic
states; its representatives are found in Dela-
ware, Maryland and Pennsylvania. Its pro-
genitor in this country was George Ash, a na-
tive of Germany, who settled at Elktun, Md.,
passed his life there as a farmer, and died in
tlie same neighborhood. .George Ash, by his
first man-iage, had several children; liis st»c-
ond matrimonial union was with a lady of the
Pnscv familv, and tlicir children were: I.
John; II. Matilda; III. :\Iaria; IV. Louise
(]\Ir3. John Kenkard); all now deceasetl.
John Ash was educated in the schools of Elk-
ton, was for several yeai"s in mercantile busi-
ness, and afterwards held for some years the
position of collector at Delaware City for the
Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company.
IIo was the first collector of tolls for the com-
jiany at Delaware City, and continued to act
in that capacity until his death. lie was re-
spected for his honorable dealings, and his fi-
delity to the Canal Company, as well as for
the affability of manner which lie used to-
ward all with whom he came in contact in of-
ficial, as in social life. John Ash was first
man-icd in Kent county, Del., to Ruth Awii
Smitlici-s, a native of tliat county; their only

child was Amanda, wife of AVilliam P. Cald-
well, a well known citizen of Pliiladeli)hia.
Mrs. Ruth A. Ash died iu Delaware City,
and was buried at the cemetery of Saint
Cicorge's. The second wife of John jVsli, to
whom he was married near Wilmington, was

Susan, daughter of Captain lleia'y, and

(Lackey) RoAvan. Her father was of English
descent, and was captain of a vessel on the Del-
awiU'o river; ^Mi-s. Rowan was a lady of Irish
ancestry. The children of this marriage are:
1. George C, deceased; II. Cornelia (ilrs.
Samuel Lamberson), of Central, Ohio, de-
ceased, as is her husband also; III. Chaides
(i., deceased, a gentleman wliose character
presented a rare combination of refine*! tastes
and studious habits, with great aptitude for
business; he was clerk aJid afterwards for
twenty-six years collector for the Chesapeake
and Delaware Canal Company, was for many
years prosperously eng;\gcd in the coal and
lumber business, was a stockholder and direc-
tor uf the Delaware C'ity National Lank, and
its third president; was a member of the !Ma-
sonic order, a Democrat, and a nun of modest
but genial manner, deservedly a favorite in so-
ciey; was married, June 27, 1872, to ilaiy
Pennington Fields, died July 15, 188i), air
was iutenx'd at the cemetery of Saint Anne's,
near Middletown; IV. Emma, dieJ young; V.
Laura X., wife of Francis Mclntyre,
cashier of the Delaware City Na-
tional Bank; VI. Emma Louise (Mrs.
Frank Belville), of Delaware City. John
A.sh died in Delaware City m 1849, and
his wife at the home of her daughter, ]\Ii-s.
iMcIntyre, in 1883; the remains of both re-
jjuse in the cemetery at Saint (ieorge's. Mrs.
Ash was kind and beneficent, a friend to many
in need, and a faithful mciubcr of the Pres-
bvteriau church.

JOIIX TIIO]\rAS PRICE, Delaware City,
Del., s(jn of Thomas C. and ilartha J. (Pen-
nington) Price, was born in Port Penn, St.
Cicorge's hundred. New Castle county, Del.,
October 6, 1842.

The Price family holds rank among the old-
est and most prominent settlei-s in Delaware
an<l ^laryland. John S. Price, grandfather
of John Thomas Price, was born iu Kent
county, Jfd., luit came to Delaware and set-
tled near Port Penn when a young man. Here
he was enji:i'''ed iirinciiiallv iu farming, but

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t«;

412

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

also canietl uii a good business as a carpenter
and builder. As an investment for his o\vn
I'uimI-;, be built several dwelling bouses in Port
Penn. lie w;u5 industrious and bonorable and
was niuc'b esteemed. In bis younger days bo
was a Wbig, but joined the liepublican party
at its organization, and east liis fii-st ])resi-
deutial vote as a niend)er of tiuU political
'body for Lincoln. Jobn S. Price married
Susan Cleaver, a native of New Jersey. They
bad tbirteen cbildren, of wboni ten died
young and tbree reaebod niatui-ity: T. 'bbomas
f. ; n. Anna (^fi-s. Andrew Jackson ^"ander-
grift), of St. (ieorge's bundrcd, widow; 1I[.
Henry, deceasetl. Jobn S. ]^-ice dicxl at tbo
bonie of bis daugbter, Mrs. Yandergrift; bis
wife died at Port. Penn. Botb were members
of tbe Presbyterian cburcb, and were buried
in Hickory Grove graveyard, ilrs. Price was
an excellent wife and niotber.

Tbonias C. Price was born at Port Penn,
in October, 1808. He receivcil tbe educa-
tional training afforded by tbe scbools of bis
vicinity and learnetl carpentry from bis fatber.
Tbat trade be followed nearly all liis life time.
As a contractor and buibJer be was well
known, and many of tbe bandsomest and most
substantial bouses in and near Port Penn were
erected by bini. He also erccte^l tbe Pres-
byterian cburcb in I*(jrt Penn. A few years
before bis death be retired from business, and
made bis home with bis son, Jobn Thomas
Price, in Delaware City. He was an ener-
getic business man, in good standing, tem-
perate in all things, and well informed on all
tbe topics of the day. His political sympa-
thies were, ^ritb the AVhig party, nntil it gave
place to tbe Eepublican part.v -\ritb which be
afterwards cast bis ballot. He never held an
office, nor would be accept one. i Thomas C.
Price man-ied at Port Penn, ^Nfartha J.,
daughter of Aldricb T^. and Elizabeth Pen-
nington. She was liorn in Port Penn; her
fatber was a hotel keejier. Tbev had chil-
dren: T. Edgar, farmer of ^^fillington, Kent
county, ifd.; TT. William A., jMstmaster of
Delaware City; TTT. John Thomas: TV. Fran-
cis, died in infancy; Y. Adelaide, died vouno-;
VT.Yirj.inia (':\rrs.]\rartiu J. Painter), of :\rid-
dletown. Deb: YTT. Clarence, engineer of
^fillington, '\\(\. l^Fr. Price died in Delaware
City. He attended tbo Presbyterian cbnrcb.
IVFrs. Price died at the residence of her son in
]\Iillington, ]\r(l. Rbe was buried in l]i(> Hick-

ory Cirove I'rcdbyterian cburcbj'ard, near
i'ort Penn, where her biiaband's remains also
were interred. ^Irs. I'ricc was an estimable
wonum, and there are many who remember
with pleasure her kindness and helpfulness.
She was a member of tbe Presbyterian ehnreb,
as are tbe children of tbe family.

Jobn 'J'iionnis I'rice attended tbe ]>ulilic
schools of Port Penn tmtil bo was fourteen
years of age, when be began a mercantile life
as clerk in the store of Samuel P. Cleaver,
brother of Henry Cleaver. Here be remained
six years, and in IStii' came to Delaware City
to find a wider field for bis promising abilities.
For one year be held a clerkship in a store,
and in January, 1804, obtninc<l tbe position
of clerk and telegraph operator in the office
of the Chcsiii)eake and Delaware Caiud Com-
l>any. Here be remained more than a cpuir-
ter of a century, and after the death of
( 'liarles (!. Ash, was aj)]Kjinted on September
1, to succeed him as collector of tolls for tbe
company. This position of responsibility be
has filled for tbe past eight years. Attentive
to his duties, indefatigabb> in bis efforts to pro-
vide tbe liest service for tbe company and it3
jiatrons, he is esteemed and pripnlar. TTe has
also held tbe position of Western Tin ion tele-
gra])li manager in Delaware City since 1890.
Tn these latter duties be is assisted by Ids son,
Harry C. Price, a telegraph operator. IMr.
Price is an ardent advocate of temjierance,
anil his life is a model for young men. TTe is
secretary and stockholder of tbe Delaware
City Einlding and Tx)an Association; has been
a school conuuissioner for a nnmlier of years,
and is now secretary of tbe board; be has
sei'ved as mayor of bis city. TTe is a yiendier
of Patrick TTenry Lodge, Xo. 11, T. O. O. F.,
and treasurer of Delaware City Conclave, No.
no, T. O. TT., of T)elaware City. TTe Ls a Pve-
publican.

To the=e many civil ser\'ices of ^Tr. Price
must be adiled his record as a soldier during
the Civil "War. Tn 18r,.3 be enlisted in Com-
j)any H, Fifth Tfegiment, Delaware Volun-
teer Infant7T, Colonel Charles Bird, and was
on guard duty for thirty days at Fort Dela-
ware. In 180-1: be re-enlisted in Delaware
City, in Company B, Ninth Regiment, Dela-
ware Volunteer Infantry, Colonel IT. S. ^fe-
Comb, and s])ent three months on guard dntv
at Fort Delaware. TTe was a conscientious
soldier.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

413

On June 24, 1872, in Delaware City, John
Tlioiuiis i'rico uiamtxl Emma, daugliter uf
Cjluuiyu Ci., aiiJ Jane (Dielil) Cleaver, born in
Delaware City. Tlicy have children: 1. Fred-
erick v., of the Jaekson-Sliarp Co., of Wil-
mington, Del.; II. Harry C, telegraph opera-
tor of Delaware City; JII. Martha C; IV.
Elsie D.; V. Harrison iMartin; Yl. Ella, de-
■ceased; VlL llarion, at home. Mr. Price and
his family are membei-s of the Presbyterian
church. .Mr. Price is an elder in the congre-
gation and superintendent of the Sunday-
school.

(iEOKCE B. :\IONEY, Delaware City,
Del., son (if Joseph and Emily (Smith)
iloney, was born in Kent county, Md., Jan-
nary 31, 1S.2S.

^Vniong those who came from England and
began the coliinization of the Eastern Shore
of -.Marvhiiid wire mcmboi's of the !Money
family. Their descendants rcside<l there
rjiany years. Joseph ^foney, grandfather of
Geoi-ge 1). iloney, was born in Kent county,
Md., and there he and his brother Benjamin,
became extensive land owmers. Joseph ^loney
made farming his life occupation, and raised
immense crops of grain, so largo, indeed, that
it was his custom to load vessels bound for
]!altiinoi-e with the haiwests from Ids o\ra land
alone, to be disposed of in the mai-kets of that
city. In political mattei-s he maintained the
prinei])les of Thomas Jefferson. Josciph
!Money married and had children, as follows:
I. IJenjamin; II. Joseph, 2; III. Elizabeth
(Mrs. ,T,liu S,,l,,\vay); fV. Eosa (:\Irs. Henry
Vanzaudt); V. [Nfary, died young. ^Iv.
IMonev ilied on his fann and was buried in
Kent comity. He was a member of the !M.
E. church.

Jose])h !\roney, 2, was born at the kome-
stead in Kent county, 'Md., in 180.3, and re-
ceived the intx^llectual training afforded by
the schools of those days. He afterwards
earned and for a number of years cultivated
half of the extensive home farm; then spent
several yeaj-s on a leased farm near "Masseys,
Kent county, ^Md., and finishod his life on
a farm near the homewtead to which he had re-
tted. He held the office of school commis-
sioner and served ns jiu-y commissioner for a
number of years. He was a Democrat of in-
flexible convictions, but never desired anv of-
fice. Josejih [Money, 2, man-ied in Kent

county, Ennly, daughter of Simon and Annie
Smith. -Mr. Smith w;i.s a native of Pennsyl-
\ania, and of Englibli descent. .Mr. and Mrs.
.Money had ciiildren: I. Ceorge B. ; II. .Marian
(.Mrs. Patrick iMcConaugiit), of San Diego,
Cal., widmv; 111. Ennna (.Mrs. Daviil liobert-
son), of Delaware City, widow; IV. Joseph
William, died in infiuicy; V. Joseph E., of
Cecil county, ild. ; VI. Caroline K., died in
infancy; Yll. Matilda (-Mrs. Charies .Mar-
chand), of Alliance, Ohio, Andow; YIII.
^lary, died in infancy; IX. John P., member
of Company 1, I'Lr.-t Kegimeut, Delaware
Volunteer Infantry, killed at Ereilerick^burg,
Va., Decend)er li, 18(52. .Mrs. Money died
in Kent county, ild., in September, 1841), and
was buried in the (ialena, Kent county, ^I.
E. graveyard. She was a member oi the .M.
E. church, ifr. !Money was married again to
Elizabeth Sinnnons, who still resides in Ivent
county, -Md. [Mr. [Money died in Kent coun-
ty, in 18(11, and was buried in the (ialena [\L
E. churchyard.

(Icorge B. [Money attended the public
schotds of his neighborhood, and assisted his
father with the work on the farm mitil he
reached his sixteenth year. Then he went
to Smyrmi, Del., and sectn-ed a jiosition as a
clerk in Ivaymond Cnmmings' store. Five
years later, in 184il, lu; removed to Philadel-
])hia, where he was engaged nearly a year
in a wlu)lesiile house. In the fall of the same
year he came to Delaware City, and was a
clerk in James B. Henry's store until Janu-
ary, 1851, when he entered the mercantile
Inisiness on his own account, and coiuliuned a
store there until 18(12. In that year he wa.s
appointed a de])Uty collect(jr of internal reve-
nue under President Lincoln's administration,
and sen'cd the government faithfully in that
capacity for six yeai-s. He then opened a real
estate and insurance ofiice, and has condiicte4
a very sncce.s,sful Ini.siness for the past thirty
years. .\s a ]n-ogTessive nnm [Mr. [Nfoney has
been a useful citizen of Delaware City, pro-
moting all measures for the material advance-
ment of the city, and disi^laving unwearie<l
perseverance in his ])olitical tunlertakings. He
has been identified ■with all the enterprises of
the city. In 18.")0 he was the projector and
first stockholder of the Delaware City Aca-
demy, and was for years secretary of the board
of trustees; he was a promoter and a stock-
holder of the Delaware Citv cenu">tery, ami

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414

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

its secretary and treasurer; Wiis one of the
oiigiuators of the Delaware City and Penn-
sylvania Kailroad, in which he was a stock-
holder to the extent of $9,000, and secretary
of tlie company; was one of the prime movers
in the effort to obtain a charter for Delaware
City, and was secretary and treasurer of its
Council for several years; wsis the founder of
the Uuilding and Loan Association in Dela-
ware City; is president and one of the pro-
moters and stockholders of the Delaware City
Land and Improvement Company; has been
school comniissioner of the city for a number
of years, clerk of the boiu'd for twelve yeara,
and its president; was elected mayor in 1S95,
and re-elected in 1897. ilr. Money was origi-
nally a Democrat, but in ISGO he attached
lumself to the Republican party. In tliis con-
nection it may be noted that while his Re-
publicanism was not contemporaneous with
that of the late James G. Blaine, his life was
so; the two men were born on the same day
of the year 1828.

On Januar}' 18, 1851, in Delaware City,
George B. jMoney manied ^farv, daughter of
Charles and ]\rargaret (Williams) Yanhenkle,
of Bed Lion hundred, New Castle county,
Del., and of Holland descent. Their chil-
dren are: I. Charles Joseph, <lie<l in infancy;
II. Margaret, died young; III. ilarion (Jlrs.
August A. Sturgeon), of Phihidelphia; IV.
George B., Jr.; V. May, deceased, !^^l•s.
!Moncy died in ^lay, 1878, and was buried in
the Delaware City cemetery. She was a mem-
ber of the Presbyterian clnirch. On Septem-
Ijer 23, 1883, in Philadelphia, George B.
Money manned Ella ]\I., daughter of David
Russell, born in Sussex county. IMr. Russell
is of English ancestry', and his family was
among those who settled many years ago in
Sussex county. The childreifeof this mamage
are: I. Ge<')rgiana; II. John P.; III. Frank
B.; IV. Alfred, died young; V. :^rary; VI.
Howard. ^Fr. !Money has been a member of
the Presbyterian church since 185f), and a
Sabbath-school teacher since 1849. He is also
a trustee of the church, and secretary of the
Sabbath-school.

WILLIA:^! a. price, Delaware City,
Del., son of Thomas C. and ]\[artha (Pen-
nington) Price, w;is bom at Port Penn, St.
George's hundred. New Castle couuty, Del.,
January 24, 1840. (For ilr. Price's ancestry

see sketch of John Thomas Price, his
brother.) William A. Price went to the pub-
lic schools of Port Penn when a boy, and
afterwtu-ds learned carpentiy in his father's
shoj), and remained with him until he was
twenty years old. In IbOO he came to Dela-
wai-e City and entered the general merchan-
dise store of Alexander & Robinson as a clerk.
He spent two years there in that capacity and
then purchased the establishment anil con-
ducted it for three years, with Charles G. Ash
as a partner. In IStJu he bought Mr. Ash's
interest, and continued the business until
18G7, when he dispcvswl of it and became a
member of the corps of engineers which sur-
veyetl the route for the Delaware City and
Pennsylvania Railroad. A year later he re-
moved to Downingtown, Pa., and worked for
two years on the eng-iiu3er's staff in the con-
struction of a portion of the Pennsylvania
railroad. Then he returned to Delaware City,
and for twelve years was general manager for
Ash & Pennington, lumber dealei-s, after
which he engaged in fiU'ming and has bc*en
interested in this occupation ever since._ In
1881, under President Arthur's administra-
tion, he was appointed postmaster of Dela-
ware City. Four years later he gave way to-
a Democrat, but in 1SS9 President Harrison
gave him a second appointment. He served
four yeai-s, and then retired, only to be once-
more, in July, 1897, recalled to the position.
No one in Delaware City has ever sen'cd so-
long as postmaster. He has been a capable
official, courteous and obliging and pojjular
with the public. He has always supporti^i the
Republican party.

Mr. Price made a record as a soldier during
the Civil War. In 1863, he enlisted in Com-
pany H, Fifth Regiment, Delawai'e Vohm-
teer Infantry, Colonel Bird, for nine months,
and served at Havre-de-Grace, Baltimore and
Fort Delaware, doing guard duty. He after-
wanls enliste<l in the Seventh Regiment,
Delawiu-e Volunteer Infantry, and served
at Havre-dt^Grace and Parkton, 'Md.

In 18C5, William A. Price married ^^lartha,
daughter of George Cleaver, and sister of
Mrs. John Thomas Price. She was born in
Delaware City. Their children are: T.
George, has charge of William A. Price's
farm; II. Elizabeth, the (dever assistant post-
master of Delaware City; HI. William D.,
died young. Mr. Price and family are mem-
biTs tif tlie Presbvtcrian church.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

415

AVII.LIAM M. WIXGATE, Delaware
City, DA., sou of KicliarJ and Elizabeth
(I'enniiigtoiij W'iugate, was bom in iiuhemiu
.Manor, (.'ceil county, Md., April 28, ISI'J.

For much more than a century the W'iu-
gate family has resiJ^(.l on the Eastern Shore
of Alaryhuul, and has been prominent in af-
fidrs in that section. Peter and Oarr ^\'iu-
gate, brothci-s, came to Cecil county, Md.,
from England, when they were young men.
Carr removed to the far south, and there
made his home. Peter settled in Cecil coun-
ty, lie was the grairdfather of "William M.
A\'ingate, and owned and cultivated a ti'act of
laud at the head of SiLSsafras Xeck. There
he resided until his death. He was a Feder-
alist. He marricni Rachel Huken, a native of
tiermany. They had children: I. Carr; II.
James; III. Thomas; IV. Peter, 2; V. Rich-
ard; \'I. Elizabeth; YIl. Xancy (ilre. Wal-
ker). All re&ided in Cecil county. Peter
Wingate dicil on his farm aiid was buried in
the P. E. churchyard. He Avas a member of
the P. E. chiu-eh.

Richard Wingate was born in 1797 on the
Wingate homestead farm in Siissafras Xeck,
Cecil count}', ^Id. He attended the district
schools and assisted in the cultivation of the
home fann until he attained his majority,
when he leased a tract of land in Bohemia
!Manor, Cecil county, and farme<l it for many
years. His late years were si)ent with his son,
William il., in Delaware City. He was in-
dustrious, and pos.sessed the power of attract-
ing and retaining friends, of whom he
had many. His whole life was well spent. In
his earlier years he belonge<l to the Whig
]iarty, Init afterwards adopted the principles
of the Republicans. Richard Wingate mar-
ried Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Penning-
ton. Mrs. A'l'ingate was born in Cecil county.
Her father was a drummer boy in*the Conti-
nental army during the Revulution, and after-
wards a prosperous farmer of the Eastern
Shore of ]\raryland. ^fr. and ilrs. Wingate
had children:' I. William ]\I.; IT. ,Tohn, de-
ceased; III. Sarah (^hs. John Ferri-s), of Vir-
ginia; IV. Emeline (ifre. James Wairm), de-
ceased; V. Thomas, died young; VI. James,
fif Slianiokin, Pa.; VIT. Henry, farmer. 'Mr.
AVingate die<l in ISOC), in Delaware City, and
was burial in the 'SL E. gTaveyai-d. IMrs.
Wingate died in 1835, in Rohemia "MaiMT,
and was buried in St. .\ngustine's gn'ave\:u-'l.

A\'illiain }>L Wingate studied las lessons
when a boy in subscription schools in his
neighborhood. Until he Wiis sixteen years
old, his home was with Ids parents. Then he
seciu'ed employment ;is a farm laburer in
Cecil county, and atterwai'ds leased a farm
there. In 1840 he obtained a position as as-
sistant to the carpentei-s on the Chesape^ike
and Delaware canal, and was soon promoted
to keeper of locks in his native county. In
1853, he was assigned by the canal manage-
ment to the Delaware City locks, and for over
half a century had charge of these, retiring
only recently from active supervision over
them. The tirst vessel he passed tlirough the
locks was Pursuit, and the second, the I'er-
radcr. The latter is still in active service, but
under a different name. Mr. Wingate, at the
time of his retirement, was the oldest em-
ployee, both as to age and length of service
connected with the canal ; ajid the canal man-
agement and the boatmen alike praised him for
the faithful discharge of his duties. He was
always indiistrions, sober and tnistworthy.
ilr. Wingate is a member of Jackson Lo<lge,
No. 19, F. and A. ~M., of Delaware City, and
of Pomona Grange. He was originally a
Whig, and cast his first vote for William
Henry Ilan-ison for President. Since 1800
he has been an earnest advocate of Republi-
can principles. Ho is particularly interested
just now in the campaign against free silver.

On December 20, 1842, in Christiana,
New Castle county, Del., William ]\I. Win-
gate married ilary A., daughter of James
Fields and Sarah (Smith) Pennington, l>oth
of whom were natives of the Eastern Shore of
!Mar\-]and, of English descent and among the
best (itizens of ^Maryland, ilrs. Wingate was
born in Kent county, Del., October 25, 1822.
Thiir children arc: T. Sai-ali E., a lady of cul-
ture, and a good daughter; II. William J.,
lock-keeper on the canal; TIL Mary E. (Mi-s.
David II. Douty), of Wilmington; IV. Rich-
ard Thomas, died suddeidy from heart troubl&
when a young man; \'. ^Vlmira A'irginia, died
young; VI. Ccorge A., died young; VII.
Charles S., whai-f agent for Wilnungton and
Northern railroad at Wihningtun; VIII. AYil-
mer 'SL, died young; IX. Lester P., lock-keep-
er on the canal; X. Lena E. (]\Irs. Rit'hard
V. Lime), v\'idow, lier husband was accident-
ally killed nOnir Pitt.sbnrg, Pa., she is haud-
sonie and ('ulture<l, and now li\'cs with her

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416

BIOGEA PlIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

])iu-ents; she had two children, both dead; XI.
Attwood P., died young; XII. Oswald U., 1'.,
W. A: 13. It. \i. agent and Adams Expres^s
Cunijiany's agent at l)ehi\vare City, a well
fdiiratod young nmn.

Air. Wingato and family are meuiliei-s of
tlie AI. E. chureh; lie ha.s been a conununicant
for sixty years, is a trustee aiul a memlfer of
the liuildiug eonnnittee and a k^adcr in cliureh
wurk. J\lrs. ^Vingate is a most estimable
woman, whose life has been devoted to her
husband, her ehildren and lier ehureli. The
married life _ of Air. and Mrs. AVingate, e.K-
tending over a pcnod of fifty-six years, has
been exceptionally ha])])y, and they have no
more satisfying moments than those si)ent in
repalling the many incidents in which they
have helpfully shared.

ALEXAXDEIl JARRELL, Delaware
City, Del., son of Elias and Elizabeth (Corse)
Eitzgerald (or Jan-ell), was born in (^ueen
Anne county, ild., October 5, 1S41.

His ancestors were of Scotch descent. They
all s]>elled their name Eitzgerald. !Mr. Jarrtdl
elinanated the first syllable and changed the
orthography of those that renuiined, so that
they more nearly confonned to the ordinary
pronunciation given them. The Eitzjicrahis
were residents of the Eastern Shore, ,\Id., f<jr
a number of years. Elias Eitzgerald was a
fi.rmer in Queen Anne county. lie married
in Kent county, Del., Elizabeth, daughter of
Captain John Corse, born in Kent county, Del.
Ca])tain Corse was an otficer in the Ilevohi-
tionary wai-. He wa.s taken prisoner by the
Britisli, but escaped from his guards, ilr. and
]Mrs. Eitzgerald had children: I. Anna (^Irs.
Eirman Xewkirk), of Wilmington, Del.; II.
John, of Delawaa-e (^ity; III. ]Mary E. (Mre.
John Green), of South Bend, Tnd.; TV.
James, lives in St. Georgas Inmdred, X^ew
Castle county; V. Alexander. ^Mr. Eitzger-
ald dietl on his farm in 1843, when still a
young man, and was buried on one of the
family tracts of huul. He and his family were
mcndjcrs of the ]M. E. (Jiurch. After tlie
death of ]\Ir. Fitzgerald, his widow ri'sidcd in
]Middleto^\^l, and later in Delaware City. She
died in 1802 at the residence of \\vv sou
James, near ]\Iiddlet,own, and was buried iu
the Delaware City cemetery. She was much
respected, aiul her cares and labms in the rear-
ing of her family have been abumlaiitly re-
warded.

Alexander JaiTcU was but eigliteen months
old when his father died and he was taken
b}' his mother to iliddletowai. There he at-
tended the jiublic scliools, but was a student
only a slmrl time. When slill \(.'rv yonng be
became an inmate of the huusehuuld nf Sam-
uel Jones, a farmer near Smyrna, ivenl euun-
ty. After leaving there he found a Imnie
with ]\lr. Ihirris, the father of ilartiu B. Biu--
ris, of .MiddletoAm, on the farm known as
"Doves' Xest Farm." !Mr. Burris gave him
the kindly care and counsel of a father, and
with him the lad renuiined until he was fif-
teen yeai-s old. Then he secured employment
among the farmers of St. George's and Bed
Lion hundreds, working the gi-eater part of
the time and attending school when the oppor-
tunity presente<l itself. Ilis tii-st wages were
five dollars per month, but these were in-
creased as the buy de\'eliii)ed into the muscu-
hu" man.

]\Ir. JaiTcll was one of the first to enlist in
and last to be mustered out of the Union army
iu tlie ( 'i\-il War. Eive days before his twen-
tieth birth<la}', he was enrolled at Xew Castle,
Del., as a meudier of Company I, Caj)tain La
Space, First Begimeut, Second Corjjs, Dela-
ware Volunteer Infantry, Colonel John W.
Andrews. He was mustered into service at
Hare's Corner, Del., and went thence to Xow-
jiiirt, Ijaltinmre, and Fortress ifonroe (then
Camp Hamilton), where his regiment )e-
mained in camp until 18(52. lie was present
at the surrender of Xorfolk, Va., -May 10,
IsilL', and at the capture of Sutlolk; partici-
pated iu the battles of Antietam, Septcnd-er
17, 18(52; Chancelloi-sville, Va., :\Iav l-:i,
1SC3; Gcttyslun-g, July 1-3, ls(5:i; Eoeust
(irovc, St>pteniber, 1803; Atd)imi and liri-tid
Station, Va., October 14, 18G3. On Deeem-
ber 18, 18(53, .Mr. Jarrell was discharged at
Stevcnsbnrg, Va., and on the same day rc^en-
listcd iu the same com]iany, Captain A. Til.
Ilizar, and sjime regiment, Coloucl M\jo<lal,
for three years, or until the tei-minatiou of the
war. He tnfik part in the battle of ^lorLon's
Ford, Eebrimn-, 18(54; was jiromoted 'to eor-
jioral in ]\lay isfi4; was in the battle .^f the
AVilderness, May .")-12, l,s(54, and was there
W(»uuded by a ball in the left cheek; was taken
])nsf>ucr and confined in Bembertou pri-on,
Bichuuvnd. ^'a., for tliree UKJUths; was pa-
roled, and went to Anua])olis. Aid.; then ex-
changed and rejoined hi^ regiment in the lat-
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STATE OF DELAWARE

417

April 7, 18G5, while on tlie high bridge south
of ApiJOiuattox, was struck in the left leg by
a ball. lie Avas takeu to the City Poiut hos-
jiital and his leg was amputated. After si.x
months in tlie hospit.al lie was discharged, in
t)etober, 1805, and returned to his home in
Delaware City.

His old life of physical activity was closed
to ^Ir. danx-U, but he. began at once to prepare
himself for another occupation. He had been
an earnest student as a boy, and a careful and
retentive reader as a yomig man, so it was
not difficult for him to pas,s from the atmos-
phere of the camp and the hospital to that
of the seliool room. For two years he attend-
ed tiie Delaware City Academy, and tlien
spent two years in the Jlansfield State Nor-
mal School, in Tioga comity. Pa., where he
fitted himself for teaching school. His fii^st
school was at Kenton, Kent county, Del.;
then he taught for two years at Green Springs,
P)lackbird liundred, and the same length of
time at Tayhn-'s Bridge, in the same hundred.
He was a good teacher, and many of liis pupils
to-day hold positions of trust and respomibil-
ity. In 1874-, Mr. Jan-ell learned telegraphy,
and secured a position in the Western Union
office at Xew Castle. There he remained
eighteen months. In 187<) Mr. Jarrell was
appointed keeper of the light house on tlic
Front Ivange at Xew Castle, being the first
keeper assigned to that place. The difficult
and responsible duties of his position were dis-
charged with fidelity for seven years, and
then ^Ir. Jarrell returned to Delaware City,
built for himself a comfoi-table house and has
resided there for the past fifteen years, happy
in his contentment and in the love and gentle
ministrations of a talented and devoted wife.
He is of unassuming nattu'c; he devotes much
of his time to study and to the perusal of the
jiages of history as they are VTitten day by
day. He is interesting in conversation, genial
and popular. '\U: Jarrell was a school com-
missioner of Delaware City. l!ut never aspired
to office. His political views are those of the
Kcpublican party. His fii-st vote was for Fin-
coin for president.

On Novemljer 11, 1874, in Porter county,
Ind., Alexander Jarrell w?s married to ]\Iary
F., daughter of "William and Flizalictli
fSmith) "Mannering, bom in Fdwardsburg,
'Michigan. Her jiarents were natives of Dola-
\\are, and her father was engaged in farming

in ilichigan. Mr. and Mrs. Jarrell are mem-
bei-s of the ^1. F. church; ^Ir. Jarrell is a
steward of the cougTegation.

THFODOEE FKFFIN(HIUYSFX

CLAltK, P. (). Delaware City, Del., son of
John C. and Flizabeth (Ivcybold) Clark, was
born in Ked Lion hundred. New Castle coun-
ty, Del., March -25, 1838.

Tiieodore F. Clark was born on the Clark
homestead. He received a good education in
the public schools of Red Lion hundred, New-
ai-k Academy, and Delaware College, of New-
ark. From this latter institution he was
graduated in 1857. Immediately after com-
pleting his college coui-sc, he retunied to tlie
homestead and assisted his father on the farm
until he was twenty-one. Then he removed
to a tract of 350 acres, a jjart of tlie homo
farm, and for the past forty years has profit-
ably cultivated it. He has been one of the
most extensive stock raisers of Red Lion hiui-
dred, and, as a lover of fine stock, had bred
some very choice strains of dairy cows. For
more than thirty-five years he has been in the
dairy business; possibly longer tlian any other
resident of the hun(lred. He has always kept
well abreast of the times not only in agricul-
tural literatm-e and improvements, but aFo in
political and general mattei's. In 1873 :Mr.
Clark was electod a member of the I^egisla-
ture on the Republican ticket, and for two
years served Ids constituents with faithful
ability. He was re-elected to the legislature
for a term of two yeai's on November 8, 1898.
He has been a school commissioner in Red
Lion hundred for many years. He is an un-
swening Reitublican.

^ On December 19, 1867, in Philadelphia,
Theodore F. Clark married Sarah ^largaretta,
daughter of Charles and Ann (Gregory)
Stewart, of ^Monmouth county, N. J. They
have one child, Charles Stewart, who was edu-
cated in the public schools, at Delaware Col-
lege, Newark, and at Gojdey's Business Col-
lege, of Wilmington, and who is an intelli-
gent and ambitious young man of mucjh prom-
ise. His iiome is wth his parents. ^^Irs. Clark"
is a woman of many attainments and is highly
esteemed. IMr. Clark has been an elder in the
Presliyterian church of St. George's for thirty
years, and for tlie Siime period has been su-
]ierintendent of the Sabbath-school. He is ac-
tive and efficient in cburcli work.

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418

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Captain John Stewart, paternal grand-
father of Mrs. Theodore F. Clark, was of
IScotcli descent, lie was bom in Arneystowu,
jSi. J., and was one of tlie many fanners who
left the plongh in '70 to enlist in the Conti-
nental army. He fought in the battle of Mon-
mouth, and was re^varded for his bravery
with the rank of captain; he aided in the cap-
lure of the notorious refugee John IJacon, a
marked ch;u-acter in Monmouth county in
those Stirling times. Captain Stewart was a
AVhig in politics, and a Presbyterian, a highly
respected man. He was twice mamed; his
first ■wife was Miss Canuan, and their chil-
dren were: I. Daniel; II. Elizabeth. After
lier death. Captain Stewart married Ann
Ash; the children of this marriage were: I.
]\rargaret; II. Ann; III. Charles; IV. Lydia;
Y. .Tohn; VI. William; VII. Robert; VIII.
Joseph; all now deceased.

Tlieir fifth child, Charles Stewart, was a
resident of New Egypt, Monmouth county,
X. J., and in liis younger days owned and con-
ducted a mill at Cream Ridge, in tlie same
county; he owned many acres of land, and
was an enterprising and successful business
man. lie manufactureil charcoal, o\viied and
managed trading vessels, and conducted a
large mill at Eango, where he manufactured
both bar and sheet iron. He also conducted
a general store. His political tenets were
those of tlie old "Whig party. Charles Stew-
art married Ann, daughter of John and Sarah
(Rodgers) Gregory; he was a native of Xew
Jersey. Their family consisted of the follow-
ing children: I. John G. ; II. Thomas W. ;
III. William; IV. Hannah; V. Ann (Jlrs.
Anthony Reybold), of Wilmington, Del.; VI.
Cliariotte (Mi-s. William B. Knight); VII.
Edith, deceased; VIII. Charles, of Boston,
!Mass. ; IX. Joseph A., of Philadelphia; X.
Lvdia (Mi-s. Robert Woodward); XI. Sarah
]\Iargaret (]\Irs. Theodore F. Clark). Mv.
Stewart died in New Jersey, and was buried
in the cemetery of tl-e Baptist church at
Jacobstown; ]\rrs. Stewart died at the home
of her daughter, Mi-s. Reybold, in Wilming-
ton; and was inten-ed in the burial ground of
the Baptist church nt Jacobstown, X. J., of
which she was an estr-emcd member.

STEWART L. BECK, P. O. Delaware
City, Del., son of William and Annie E.
CCraig) Beck, was boni in Red Lion hundre<:l,
Xcw Castle county, Del, 'May 21, ISTl.

His grandfather, John Beck, was born in
Lincolnshire, England, and was a farm laLurL-r
until lbj2, when he came to America and set-
tled in Delaware City, where he resided until
liis death. He was married in England to
Elizabeth Izat, a native of Lincolnshire. They
had children: I. William; II. Jane (Mrs.
James Pordham), of Delaware City; 111.
Isaac, drowned at sea on the voyage to
America; IV. Ann (Mi-s. James Padic}), of
St. George's hundred, Xew Castle county; \'.
John, died in infancy; VI. Walter, deceased;
VII. Harriet (Mrs. Henry Lester), of Re«l
Lion hundred; VIII. Eliza (Mi-s. Edwanl
Lester), deceased; IX. Lucy (Mrs. William
Baker), of Delaware City; X. John, of Dela-
ware City. John Beck died in Delaware City
and was buried tiiere; his widow died at the
house of her daughter, IMrs. Henry Lester, of
Red Lion hundred, and was buried in the
Delaware City cemetery. ]\Ir. and ili-s. Beck
were membei-s of the M. E. church.

AVilliam Beck was born in Lincolnshire,
England, in 1826. He was educated thei-c,
and Avorked on a farm until he was twenty-
two years old, when lie came to this country
to acquire a fortune. He had only a few shil-
lings in his pocket on his arrival in Philadel-
j)hia, but energy and frugality brought him
the desired prosperity. He had some friends
in Delaware, and when he came to America
lie went to them and secured emplo^'iuent ns a
farm laborer. One of his employers was An-
thony Iliggins, father of e.\-Senator Iligg-ins.
After a few years lie leased IMr. Iliggins' farm
in Red Lion hundred, and afterwards for tw'i
years the Colburn tract. During this time he
had been saving his money, and was now able
to purchase two tracts of land, one of STf)
acres, the other of 125 acres, in Red Lion
liundred. On this property he made many
improvements, raised fine stock and engage 1
extensively in tlie dairy business. At a later
perio<l he purchased a third farm near Town-
send, Appoquinimink hundrcil. He also con-
ducted a meat mai-ket in Delaware City. "Mr.
Beck was industrious, economical and temper-
ate, progressive and unselfisli. He was a"T due
time worth .^TiT.OOO, but a large part of this
money was lost through his endorsements for
friends who could not meet their obligation-;.
He was a member of Jackson Lodge. Xo. T.i,
F. and A. M., of Delaware City. ^fr. Beck
was a stockholder in tlie ^larsh Co., of Red
Lion liundred and represented the ^farsh

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.1,:'" .r;

STATE OF DELAWARE

419

Company in the state legislature. While
there he iirociiTLxl the passage of a bill grant-
ing $5UU per yeai' for keeping iii rejiaii" the
river bank in Delaware City. lie was a Re-
j>ubiican of liigh standing in his party.

William IJec-k was twice married. His first
wife was Annie Newbound, of Dela-
ware Cit}', born in England. They
luul chihlren: I. Sarah Ann; II. Joseph
Nowbound, defeased; 111. I!liza Jane; IV.
William J.; V. Esther E.; YI. Martha Hig-
gins, deceased, ilrs. Beck died on the farm
in ISG'J, and was buried in the Delaware City
cemeter}'. She was a member of the M. E.
church, ilr. Beck married as his second wife,
Annie, daughter of the late James Craig, and
■widow of Erank Stewart. She was bom in
Beil Lion hundred. They had one child,
Stewart L. William Beck died on his farm
in 1892, and was buried in the Delaware City
cemetery. His widow resides with her son on
tiie farm. She is a memlxr of the il. E.
chiiroh.

-Mrs. William Beck is of Scotch ancestry.
Her grandfather, James Craig, was bom in
Scotland. He married there, and when yet
young, came with liis wife and family to St.
Ceorge's hundred and there engaged in farm-
ing. He had children: I. John; 11. James,
2; III. William. All are deceased. James
Craig, 2, father of !^[rs. Beck, was bom in St.
deorge's hundred, Xovember 13, 1800. When
he attained his majority, he remove<l to Bed
Lion hundred. For a number of years, he was
connected with the Chesapeake and Delaware
Canal. He married Elizabeth Bowen, of Dela-
ware City, and had children, as follows: I.
George W., of Delaware City; IT. Annie E.,
(ili-s. William Beck); her first husband was
Frank Stewart, of Red Lion hundred, had two
chihlren, i. William, deceased, ii. Lillie ("^Irs.
William J. Beck), deceased; ^Ir. Stewart
died June 1, 1866; TIT. William T., deceased;
IV. James if., of Red Lion hundred, married
^fargaret ilatchett; V. John M., married
Elizabeth Southwick, fijid after her death,
Annie Hughes; VL Sarah E. (Mrs. John
Kirby), of Cambridgeport, ^Ia.s.^. James
Craig. 2, died July 18. 1863, and his widow
January 30, 1885; both are buried in the
Delaware City cemetery. Tliey were an ex-
cellent couple, honored and esteemed.

Stewart L. Beck attended the district
schools of his native hundred and Delaware

City Academy. His home was always on the
farm, and he received a valuable practical
education in agricultiu-al subjects from his
successful father. Upon the death of his
father he took charge of the ti-act of 425 acres
which he has since cultivated. He devotes
much attention to his tlairy and live stock.
Althougli a young mau, he has prospered by
reason of his industiy, honesty and sobriety.
He is highly respected in the community. ^\lr.
Beck is a member of Delaware City Lodge,
No. 12, Jr. O. U. A. ir., aiid of the Republi-
can party, but not a seeker after otfice. On
February 0, 1893, Stewart L. Beck married
Sarah A., daughter of Benjamin and Louisa
(Householder) Dougherty, born in DelawiU-e
City. Their children are: I. William Leslie;
IL Hellen Craig, deceasal; III. Allen Stew-
art.

The Dougherty family, into which Stewart
L. Beck mai-ried, was of Irish nationality.
Benjamin Dougherty, grandfather of Mrs.
Beck, lived in Pencader hundred, Xew Castle
county, and was a fai-m laborer. He married
iliss Williams, who was a native of Pencader
hundrc-d. Their children are: Frances (Mrs.
John Snowdell), of Pliiladelplua, widow; II.
Susan Jane (Mrs. John Stemmer), deceased;
III. John Thomas, deceased; IV. Benjamin,
2; V. Hannah, of Washington, D. C. Mr.
Dougherty and his widow both died in Pen-
cader hundretl, and were buried in Glasgow,
Del. ^ '

Benjamin Dougherty, 2, was born in Pen-
cader hundred, iMarch 19, 1843. His parents
died when he was very young. He was edu-
cated in tlie public schools of St. George's
and Re<l Lion hundred, and worked on dif-
ferent farms until 1861, when he enlisted at
Xew Castle in Company I, Captain La Space,
First Regiment, Delaware Volunteer In-
fantry, Colonel J. W. Andrews. He partici-
pated in the battles of Antietam, Fredericks-
burg, Chancellorsvillc and Gettysburg. Dur-
ing the last-named terrific struggle, on Julv
.3, 1863, being wounded in the WTist while as-
sisting to re]>ulse Pickett's charge, he was sent
to the hospital at Wilmington, and when dis-
charged rejoined his regiment at Petersburg.
In 1864 he was discharged from the army be-
cause of disabilities. He returned to Penca-
der hundred and resumed work as a farmer. .
In 1873 he removed to Delaware City, and
for the past twenty -five years has been in the

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420

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

eniplo}' (.if J. II. I'euuington & Co., luiiibur
clfiilei-s. He Li ;i Kepublicaii. Un Decumber
JG, 1874, IjeiijaiiLiii Dougherty wiiri luaiTied
to Louisa, daughter of William P. and Sarah
(Ilausbury) Householder. jMrs. Dougiierly
was boru in Delaware City and inai-ried there.
Her father is a e;irpenter and undertaker.
'I'lii ir children are: i. Sarah 1*. (Mrs. Stewart
D. iJeek); II. Frank, died young. Mr. and
^Irs. Dougherty are iuend>ei-s of tlie M. K.
eluireh.

JAMES II. BATTEN, P. O. Hed Lion,
New Cajitle county, Del., son of ^lahlon and
Harriet A. (.Mercer) Batten, was born near
Elkton, Md., :\fay 2.5, 1S51.

His grandfather, Hciu-y Batten, a native of
Pennsylvania, came to Delaware when a
young man, and engaged in fanning and mill-
ing in Pencader hundred, New Castle county,
^riie flouring mill which he operated still re-
tains the name of "Batten's." Industrious
and enterprising, he added to his grist mill
a lumber mill, conducting both and cultivat-
ing two farms besides. He was a Whig.
Henry Batt.en manned Elizabeth Foster, of
^liddletown, Del., and had children: I. Mah-
lon; 11. Ihith (ifrs. Samuel ]\I. Enos), of
Odessa; III. Anna; IV. Susan (^kli-s. AVm. A.
Rhodes), of Odessa; V. Henry, died young;
all are deceased except ill's. Klnxlcs. Henry
Batten died in Pencader hundred in 1832,
and his wife in 18(58; both are burieil in tlio
graveyard of Salem church.

]\Iah]on Batten, their eldest son, was bom
in Pencader hundred in 1819. He received
a good common school education, to which ho
adde<l in after years by well-.selected reading.
Except for a few years' re^^idence in Cecil
county, ild., and in Wilmington, Del., he
spent all his life on his homestead, engaged
in conducting the mill and a dairy. He was
an active and zealous Bepublican. ilahlon
Batten was married in Cecil county, ild., to
Harriet A., daughter of James anil ilillicent
A. ]\rercer. vThey had children, as follows:
I. -Tames IT.; IT. Helen; ITT. Oeorge L., re-
sides on the homestead; TV. Elizabeth, died
in infancy. "Mr. Batten died at his lioine in
1888; Mrs. Batten died January .1, 1881;
both were interre6! in the cemetery of the
ehurcli at nia.sgow; thev were members of
the l\Iethodist denomination.

James N. fiercer, mateniol grandfather of

James H. Batten, was born in Maryland, oa
the E;L'5teru Shore, sou of Edward and Eliza-
beth (I.a.-^alle) .Mercer; the foniier was a na-
tive of N'irgiiiia, and was of Scotch descent,
while JMi's. Mercer was a daughter of Dr. l.a-
salle, a nati\e of EraJice, of Huguenot family,
who had settled in ilaryland. After receiving
his education in the sciiools of his own neigh-
borhoo*.!, James N. .Mercer entered upon a
mercantile career at North East, .Md., where
he passed liis life, a successful merchant and
an honored citizen. He was a Whig, and was
warndy interested in public affairs. James
N^. fiercer man-ied .Miilicent Lum, a native
of ]\!ary]and; they had c'hiliircn: I. Harriet
(.Mrs. Mahlon Hatten); II. .lane ( .Mr.... Eli
Burroughs), deceased; 111. Cieorge (i.; IV.
A\'illiam L., of Fanningham, ilass., retired,
formerly a broker in Boston; V. John E.,
merchant of Cohuubus, 0.; VI. Amelia (Mrs.
James Sturgeon), of Baltimore; VII. Franres
(Mi"s. Augustus York), of Rowley, ilass. Mr.
Mercer died at North East in 1845, and was
interred in the public cemetery of that place;
ill's, ilercer survived him until 1888, when
she also died, and was buried in the cemetery
belonging to the il. E. church.

Having attended in e:u'ly youth the schools
of Harmony district, Pencader hundred, New
Castle county, Del., James H. Batten com-
pleted his studies in the Newark Academy.
He remained with his father until 1878, and
then took charge of a tract of 13G acres, a part
of the home fanii. He continued there until
189;"), in which year he removwl to Red Lion
hundred, and leased the Reybold tract of 325
acres, on which he still resides. He is a skil-
ful and industrious farmer, ifr. Batten is a
Re[)id)lic<Tn, but never aspired to office.

James H. Batten was marrie<l in Red Lion
hundred, November 21, 1878, to Emma,
daughter of Peter and Sarah (Cochran)
Cleaver, bom in Red Lion hundred. The
children of ilr. and ili-s. Batten are: T. Clar-
ence; IT. Harold; TIT. Harriet; TV. Laura;
V. Henry. The parents are membei's of the
ifethodist Episcopal church.

The Cleaver family, from which ill's. Bat-
ten is descended, is w'ell known and influen-
tial in Delaware. Isaac Cleaver, heiv grand-
father, was a native of New Jersey, who re-
moved while a"* young man to Saint George's
hundred. New Castle county, Del., wliere,
after having for some years cujtivated leased

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STATE OF DELAWARE

423

farms, he became a landowner. lie was in
early ycai"s a Whig, and upon the change of
jiarty lines passed into the Republican parly.
Li.ac Cleaver's wife, Jane, daughter of David
liurchard, was a native of Saint George's hun-
dred, where her father was a farmer. Their
children are: I. Letitia (llrs. Frederick 1'.
Van Ilekel), of Tve<.l lion hundred; II. John,
died in Kent county, Del.; 111. AVilliani, and
1\'. Kebecea, twins, both deceased; V. Peter;
YI. JIartha (Mi-s. Michael Biyan), of Saint
Cieorge's hundred, a widow; VII. Isaac, Jr.,
farmer, Kent county, Md.; VIII. Rachel.
Isaac Cleaver died on his farm in ISO'J; ilre.
Cleaver died in 1872, and both are interred
in Hickory Grove cemetery, near Port Penn.
Peter Ckavcr was born near Port Penn,
Del., July 24, 1830. He wps educated in the
Hickory Grove public schools, and until he
was twent^'-live years old assisted in the culti-
vation of his father's fann. He then leased
a farm in Cecil county, ^Id., for three years,
and at the expiration of that time rented the
^'andegrift tract of 178 acres, near Saint
(ieorge's, Ped Lion hundred. After a ten-
ancy of twenty-eight years, he purchased the
land in ISSG. Deciding in 1890 to abandon
fanning, ]\lr. Cleaver bought a comfortable
home in Delaware City, which he has ever
since occupied. Ilis son, Francis, resides
U])on and cultivates the farm. ifr. Cleaver
is a stanch Itejiublican, but never desii-ed to
hold office. On April 5,185G,in Smyrna, Del.,
Peter Cleaver married Sarah, daughter of
Joseph and Eliza Cwdiran; she was born in
Kent county, ifd. Their children are: I.
Emma (}ilrs. James H. Batten); II. Eliza
(Mrs. Alfred J. Davidson); III. Hannah C.
f^frs. Edward ]\I. Ilance), of Delaware (^ity;

IV. Clara J. (IMrs. AVilliam Silver), deceascxl;
^Ir. Silver is postmaster at lied Lion, Del.;

V. Francis, farmer, Ped Lion hundred; VI.
Elizabeth ^l.; VII. Georgiana S., died at the
age of nine; VIIT. Caroline J., dieil in in-
fancy. !Mr. Cleaver is a member of the ]\I. E.
church, and was superintendent of a Sunday-
school in Kent county, ]\[d.

AVILLTAil J. BECK, P. O. Delaware
City, Del., son*of William and Anna (N"ew-
bound) Beck, was born in Bed Lion hundred,
Xew Castle county, Del., February 24, IS.tO.
(See sketch of Stewart L. Beck for ancestral
l]istor\'.)
n

William J. Beck attended the public
schools of Bed Lion hundred and the Dela-
ware City Academy. Until he was twenty
years old he remained at home assisting his
father in the cultivation of his lai'ge farm.
Then he went to Philadelphia and learned
butchering. A year after he had acipiired
the trade, he returned to Ked Lion hundred
and conducted a meat shop in Delaware City
for three years. Then he removed to his
father's farm and remained there until 1894,
in which year he leased the Colburn farm of
IGO acres and carried on a dairy on a large
scale, having on the tract as many as twenty-
fivecows. In 1895 hewas made superintendent
and manager of the Colburn tract of 1,G00
acres, and of the creamery in Delaware City.
He has many responsibilities for a young
man, but acquits himself with the ability
which comes from experience, study, and in-
dustr3^ He is enterprising and progressive,
})opular as a business nnm, and a genial com-
panion, ilr. Beck is a member of Old (ilory
Council, No. 12, Jr. 0. U. A. M., and of Del-
aware City Conclave, No. 300, I. 0. II. lie
was assessor of Red Lion hundred fur two
years. !Mr. Beck is a Republican.

In 1S7S, in Delaware City, William J.
Beck was married to LiHie K., daughter of
Frank and Annie E. ((Jraig) Stewart, born in
Red Lion hundred. They had one child, who
died in infancy. Mrs. Lillie K. Beck died in
1879, and was buried in the Delaware City
cemetery. She was a member of the M. E.
church. In Mickleton, N. J., in 1882, William
J. Beck married Lillie Jlay, daughter of Ed-
ward and Jane Clark, born in Gloucester
county, N. J. Their children are: I. Clark,
at home; II. Etta ^lay, died in infancy
:Mrs. Lillie May Beck died February 13, 1888,
and was buried in Clarksburg, N. J. Mr.
Bei'k nuirried as his third wife, in October,
1893, Harriet J., daughter of Dr. Thomas T.
and Lwcy Amanda (Rowe) Vail, born in Red
Lion hundred, near Delaware City. They
have one child, William Thomas. Mr^ Beck
and family attend the i\I. E. church of Dela-
ware ('ity.

Thomas T. Vail, father of ifrs. William J.
Beck, was born near McDonongh, St.
George's hundred, Del., October 27, 1841.
He is the oldest of seven children born to John
and Harriet (Smith) Vail, both of them life-
long residents of St. George's hundred. Af-

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424

BIOGUAPIIIOAL EXCYCLOPEDIA

ter Thomas T. Vail had compk'ted his Btudicd
ill' tlie public schools of i\r('n()iiouf^h, he
\\orki'd on liis father's farm imlil he was
twenty-one years old. During this tinio he
liad accpiired a knowledge of vetciinHry .sur-
gery under the intrrnctions of |)r. Si'kh'?i, of
C)dessn, and Prof, (lonig. In 1S()2, lio leased
a farm in Ht. Cicorge's hundred for five years.
In 1807 he eanio to Delaware City, and has
since that year practiced his jirofession e-xelu-
sively, except for a period of !*even years, dur^
ing whieli lie operated the IJeyhohl mill in
Delaware City. He has been >ueees-ful in liis
profession, and is popular throughont Red
Lion hundred. T\[r. "S''ail is a nicudier of the
National Lodge, Xo. 32, I. O. O. F., and is
a Kc'pnhliean, btit not an office seeker. Dr.
Vail was married in 1803, near MeDonoughj
to Lucy, daughter of William IJowe, born in
St. fieorge's hundred. Their children are:
I. Katharine (Mrs. Charles S. AV'^ingate), of
Wilmington; IT. Harriet J. (Mi-s. William J.
Beck), of Red 'Lion hundred; III. Bertha
(^rr8. O. B. Wingate); i\lr. AVingate is rail-
road agent at Delaware City. Two children
died in infancy. Dr. Vail and family are
mend)ers of the P. E. church.

CEORGE IT. SWAT.V, P. O. St;
George's, New Castle county, Deh, son of
Hudson D. and Sarah (Vauglm) Swain, was
born near Georgetown, Su^sex county, Del.,
August 2, 1853!

Air. Swain cort(?s of a family of farmers.
His grandfather, William Swain, was a na-
tive of Sussex county, and a farmer, owniii^^
and cidtivating a tract of land near George-
town, lie was a Deuiocrat. His children are:
1. John B., of Georgetown, Sussex countv;
IT. Hudson D.; III. Gillie R., of Harring-
ton; TV. Lavinia; V. Anderson; VL Spencer,
ifr. Swain and his wife died on their farui
and were interred in the family burial place
on the farm. They were meud)ers of the ~S\.
E. church.

Hudson D. Swain Was'bornoll the' ho)ue-
Btead in Sussex county, and reuuiined there
until his marriage, when he leased the iieigh-
boring Vaughn farm. His death occuTred on
this farm and was eattsed by the falling of a
tree nponhim. Tn pf)litical affairs, hefollowed
in his father's footsteps and \'oted the Demo-
cratic ticket. ' Iludson D. Swain lu.arricd
Sarah, the da\ighter of Nathaiiii 1 Vaimlm,

of tlio vicinity of Georgetown. Mr. Vaughti
was a prominent farmer and hind owik r ,,f
Sussex eouuty. Mr. aud Mrs. Swain had chil-
dren: 1. Mary (Mrs. John Swain), of Wil-
mington, deceased; IT. Nathaniel William,
died in Krederiea, Del.; III. George IL; IV.
Sarah Elizabeth (ilrs. J-.seidi Martin), .,f
Milford, Del., deceased. Mr. Swaiii died in
1857 and was buried in tlie Swain graveyard
on the homestead. He was a meml)er of the
]\L E. clnn-ch. His widow afterward married'''
Martin B. Russel, of near Georgetown, and
died near Laurel. She was buried in the Swain
family graveyard. She was a niend)er of the
jM. E. church, and an estimable woman.

(Jeorge H. Swain was oidy four years old
when his father died. He remained with his
mother until lie reaidied the age of seven
yeai-3, and then went to his uncle, Spencer
Swain, on the honu'stead. For six years lie
resided with this relative, receiving for his
la})or his clothing and boarding, but few
chances of attending school and scanty indul-
gence. AVhen he reached his thirteenth year,
he left his uncle's house and went as far north
as iliddletowu. New Castle county, where he
ol>tained eni]iloyment as a farm laborer. Tn
that vicinity he worked for different farmers
for ten yeare. Tn 1870, he removed to the
!MitHin fann of 200 acres, Mdiere he was over-
seer for two years, after which he leased and
cultivated it for fifteen years. Tn 1S!)3, he
rented tlie Craver farm of 102 acres, in I{ed
Lioii hundred and there raises abundant crops
of grain and fine herds of cattle. "S\y. Swain
is a member of National Lodge, No. 32, T. O.
O. F.; of St. George's Lodge, A. O. IT. AV.,
and of Old Cilory Council, No. 12, Jr. 0. U.
A. I^r., of Delaware City. He is a Democrat.
l\rr. Swain is highly respected for the ambi-
tion and industry which he displayed when
thrown u])on his own resources in youth, and
which have brought him jn'osperity.

In ]\riddletown, in 1872, George IT. Swain
was married to Helena, daughter of Benja-
min and Caroline (AA^aters) Joseph. She was
born in ilillsborough and was one of a family
of eight children. Her parents were natives
of Sussex county. Jfr. and Airs. Swain have
children as follows: T. Cora Lee (Mrs. Eu-
gc'ue Grabetf), of .\ppo(iuinimink hundred;
II. H(■nr^■ AVoodward, farmer, married Dor-
othy Fremp; III. Ella Belle (ATrs. William
llammund), of New ('a>tle hundred; TA''.

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\ STATE, OP DELAW'ABE \:\

425

Gcorgiana, iit liqme; V, Aliittie, Klino, at
liouic; VI. ^lary (ierti'ude; VI L Catharine
IJlaiiclic; VIII. Harjijon AVoodward; , IX,
.Malci)liii Kdwin; X. Elsie ilaudp. ilr. Swain
and faiuily attend the M. E. cliurch.

■JOHN C. STUOKERT, St. . George's,
New Castle county, Del., son of William M.
iiiid Olifia (Cazier) Stuekcrt, wa.s born in
Eed Lion hundred, New Castle cxjunty, Del.,
October 20, 1S51. .... / ,

The Stuckert family is an old and influent-
ial one in Pennsylvania, and is of Gcnnan de-
scent. John Stuckert, great-.arandfather of
John C. Stuckert, was born in Gerniantown,
Pa. His parents came to this country from
Germany, and he received both i an English
and German education. lie learned baking
when a young man, and carried on this trade
for many years; was a careful but enterpris-
ing business man, and amassed a large -for-
tune. IFe was among the foremost in [jublic
matters, and a controlling factor in the busi-
ness aiid social life of his town. He was a
Federalist. John Stuckert married, and had
children as follows: I. Elizabeth (Mrs. Prof.
Luther Stevor), whose son. Prof. Stevor, waa
a member of the Faculty of Pennsylvania
College, Gettysinirg, Pa., abmit the time of
the Civil AVar; IL George, an officer of the
City Troop of Philadelphia, under Captain
Cadwalader, during the war of 1812; III.
Henry, druggist of Pliiladeljihia; IV. Susan
(Mrs. John Taylor); V. Catharine,- married
Pev. John Smaltz, of the Lutheran church ;
VI. AVilliam. All of these children received
a libend education, and attained positions of
responsibility and influence. JSlr. StU(;kert
died in (iermantown and was buried in the
Lutheran graveyard. IIo waa a member of
the Lutheran church.

AVilliam Stuckert, grandfather of John C
Stuckert, was born in Gerniantown. He re-
ceived a good English and Gennan education,
and studied pharmacy. For several years he
conducted a drug store in Philadelphia and
afterwards removed to Ealtimore, JId., and
established iin extensive wholesale drug
business. His standing in the "Monumental
City" as a merchant and a cultured gentleman
was deservedly high. Politically he was a
Whig. AVilliam Stuckiert married in Phila-
dtl]iliia, Amelia C, the daughter of John
.Martia(|uo, Ixirn in Baltimore. Afr ilar-

tiaque was a native of France, who came to
this country to aid tlie colonists in their strug-
gle for liberty. J\Ir. and Mrs. Stuckert had chil-
dren: I. Susan (Mrs. Lewis P. Ellison), both
she and her husband are deceased; II. John,
died in California; III. Thomas, deceased;
IV. ]\fary, deceased; V. AVilliam ]\L Mr.
Stuckert died in Baltimore, and was buried in
Greenmount cemetery, in that city. He was
a member of the Lutheran church. Mrs.
Stuckert married again, her second husband
being James Fisher, of Kent county, ]Md.
She died in 1S02, and was buried in Balti-
more. She was a member of the R. C.
church.

AVilliam M. Stuckert, father of John C.
Stuckert, was born in Baltimore, April 24,
1828. His father died when the boy was very
young. He attended the public schools of
Baltimore, Kent county, Md., and Pencader
hundred, New Castle county, Del. In his
early youth, his home was with his brother-in-
law, Lewis P. Ellison, in Pencader hundred,
on whose farm he spent three years. In 1S49,
he leased a farm in St. George's hundred. A
year later he removed to Red Lion hundred,
and rented the Belville tract of 198 acres. In
1872, he purchased this farm for $2,900, and
made extensive improvements upon it. He
renniined until 1892, when he disposed of the
bind and came to St. George's. Here he now
resides, in one of the ornate-dwelling houses
of the town, which he erected at a cost of
$5,000. Mr.Stuckert has served as school com-
missioner of Red Lion hundred, was deputy
United States marshal under Colonel AVilmer
during the Civil War, and an enrolling clerk,
and was also Deputy United States Marshal
under ]llarshal McMuUen during President
Harrison's administration. His political opin-
ions long ago led him into the Republican
party, for the success of which he has been an
energetic worker. On January 24, 1850, in
Pencader hundred, William M. Stuckert mar-
ried Olivia A., daughter of the late John Ca-
zier, born in Pencader hundred. Their chil-
dren are: I. John C. ; II. William, died in
infancy; III. AVilliam, 2, died in infancy; IV.
Elizabeth, wife of Rev. Dr. Henry Riimer, of
Parkersburg, AA^ A"a.; A''. Henry' S., of Kan-
sas, ilr. and Mrs. Stuckert reside in Red
Lion hundred, and are popular leaders in so-
ciety. They arc members of the Presbyterian
church.

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420

BWanAl'IIlCAL EXCYCLOPEDIA

i

John Stuckcrt attended the public schools
of lu-d Lion hundred and was graduated, in
IS 71, from the Lawrence ville, X. J., high
school. A year was spent in Delaware Col-
lege, Newark, Del. Then he returned to his
home, and when he attained his majority took
charge of the farm. In 1877, he engaged in
the grain business and soon became one uf the
heaviest buyers and siiippers of grain in New
Castle county. To the grain line he added
phosphates, and lias been a very busy and suc-
cessful man for the past twenty-one years. He
is popular and respected throughout the coun-
ly becau:-e of his honorable dealings with his
patrons, his keen business sense and his kind-
ly disposition. In 1S95 he removed to St.
George's and now resides in that town. Mr.
Stuckert is a member of St. George's Lodge,
Xo. 2U, A. 0. U. W. lie has been an inspec-
tor of elections and is a Eepublican, but not
an active politician.

On October 7, 1885, in St. George's, John
C. Stuckert married Florence Elizabeth,
daughter of Thomas and Frances E. (Smith)
Bird, and niece of Levi C. Bird, Esq., a prom-
inent attorney-at-law of Wilmington. She
was born in Red Lion hundred, where her
parents now live. Mr. and ilrs. Stuckert
have children: I. Francis Bird; II. William
T. ; both attending school, ilr. Stuckert and
wi^ are members of the Presbyterian church,
and Mr. Stuckert is a triistee and the treas-
urer of the congregation.

THOMAS PILLING, P. 0. Stanton,
Del., son of Richard and Susan (Bradshaw)
Pilling, was born in Lancashire, England,
September 3, 1836. He is a brother of lion.
John Pilling, of Newark, Del.

Richard Pilling followed, in his native
country, the businesj of silk-weaving, but hid
earnings not sufficing to maintain his family
as comfortably as he desired, he emigrated to
America in 18-41, and with his son John, then
a lad of eleven, obtained employment in wool-
en and cotton weaving in Philadelphia. In
1842, they removed to Delaware, and contin-
ued to work in various woolen factories, dili-
gent and faithful, and content with the mod-
est gains secured by their daily toil. John
Pilling applied himself to the business with
spirit and determination, spanng no pains to
become acquainted with it in all its details.
He rose steadily from one position to another,

until, having accumulated considerable capi-
tal, and become a large stockholder in the
Kiamensi ^\'oolen Company, he was chosen
president of the ;issociatiun, and continued in
that jwsition until 1888. Jle has been, since
the war of the Rebellion, an enthusiastic Re-
publican, and influential in the party, as well
as in public atfairs in general. He has several
times represented his district in the State Leg-
islature, and has done useful and highly ap-
preciated service to the state at large in that
body.

When the Pilling family came to the Uni-
ted States, Thomas, the younger son, was a
child of five years. After residing for a short
time in Philadelphia, and then for some
months in Rockdale, Delaware county. Pa.,
the family, as already stated, became residents
of the state of Delaware. Here Thomas Pil-
ling was sent to school, at Pike Creek, Mill
tJreek hundred, until he was eight years old,
the limited circumstances of the family deny-
ing him more than this slight foundation of
an education. A wholesome ambition, how-
ever, intelligent observation and the ap]ilica-
tion of sound good sense to the affairs of life,
have made ^^fr. Pilling a competent man of
business, of mature - judgment and reliable
views on current topics. His earliest business
employment was at Lee's cotton mills. Bridge-
water, Delaware county. Pa., where he worked
for two years at one dollar per week. He
then came with his family to Newark, Del.,
and was employed upon "piece work," at the
mills of Joseph Dean A: Son, until 1857.
During this time, the lad faithfully and duti-
fully contributed his small earnings to the
support of the family. In 1857, he obtained
employment in the woolen mills at Heston-
ville, now incorporated with the city of Phil-
adelphia; in the follo\ving year, he worked for
a short time in the mills of James Taylor, at
Pike Creek, Del.; then for two yeai-s, in the
woolen mill of Germantown, Philadelphia.
Returning to Newark, Del., Mr. Pilling 1 <>-
came a partner with Josei)h Dean, Jr., and
engaged in the woolen business at Appleton,
Cecil county, ild., where they manufactunnl'
yarn for the weaving of blankets, supplying
the blanket mills at Landisburg, Pa. .Vftcr
two years, ilessrs. Dean iV: Pilling sold tluir
establishment; Mr. Pilling then resided at
Newark, Del., until 1S<)4, when the Kiamensi
Woolen Company was formed. In this com-

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STATE OP DELAWARE

427

j^any lie became a stockholder, and was ap-
pointed manager of its plant; he conducted
the business with skill and sound judgment
until 1SS8, when, upon the retirement of his
lirother, lion. John Pilling, he became presi-
dent of the company, of whose stock he was
l)y that time the largest owner. For ten years,
!Mr. Pilling has filled that responsible ])osition
to the satisfaction of all interested persons.
The company employs in its thriving business
175 hands, its pay-roll amounting to more
than $G,000 per month. Its success has been
mainly assured by the excellent management
of ]\Ir. Pilling, who, while modest and unas-
suming in his planner, is decided and self-re-
liant. He is a man of kind disposition and
courteous bearing, and enjoys the esteem of
those connected with him in business or in so-
cial life. A stanch Pepublican, Mr. Pilling
is however no seeker for public office, lie is
a member of A. F. & A. M. Blue Lodge, of
Newport, Del.

Thomas Pilling was married, April 3,
18C1, to !Mary Rowland, daughter of Enoch
T. Vandegrift, of Chester countv, Pa. Their
children are: I. Richard T.; 11. John Deal,
who died when two years of age. ^Ir. Pilling
has adopted John Pilling Armstrong, a young
man of sterling worth, who acts as his ship-
ping clerk. Thomas Pilling is a faithful mem-
ber of St. James P. E. church, and has been
•one of its v6trymen.

Richard T. Pilling, only surviving child of
Thomas and ^fary R. (Vandegrift) Pilling,
was born at Kiamensi, November 29, 18GI.
lie received his education in the public
schools of that vicinity, at the academy at
Newark, under the tuition of iliss Chamber-
lain, and at the Delaware College, from
Avhich he was graduated in 1885. After com-
pleting this course, he engaged in business
with his father, became a stockholder in the
Kiamensi Woolen Company in the fall of
1885, and is now a director, and the secretary
and treasurer of the company, and an efficient
man of business. He is a member of Arm-
strong Lodge, No. 2G, F. & A. ^L, of New-
port, and of St. John's Chapter andCommand-
ery, K. T. His political views are Repidili-
can. Mr. R. T. Pilling is esteemed for his
courtesy and affability, not only by the com-
pany, but by all the employees of the mill.
/ He was married in Wilmington, in 1888, 1o
Emily A., daughter of Samuel K. ZililK-r, .if

Cecil county, Md., where Mr. Miller is en-
gaged in the lumber business. Their chil-
dren are: I. Thomas, Jr.; II. Emily; III.
Sennett; IV. Richard T., Jr.; V. Dorothy.
Richard T. Pilling is a member and vestry-
num of the P. E. church. ^Irs. I'illing is a
lady of refined taste, and proficient in music.

BENJAMIN A. GROVES, Stanton, Del.,
son of Jonathan and IClizabeth (Vandegrift)
Groves, was born in White Clay Creek hun-
dred, New Castle county, Del., November 5,
1858.

Jonathan Groves, his father, was born
near Odessa, New Castle coiinty, Del. He
received a good common school education,
and worked for his parents on the fann until
he was a young man, when he bo\ight a farm
inAVhite Clay Creek hundred, near Christiana.
There he was successfully engaged iu agricul-
tural pursuits for nearly fifty years. He was
a good citizen, and helpful to all who were in
need of advice or material -assistance. He was
originally a Whig and afterward a Republi-
can, was elected to the Legislature for one
term, and to a number of local offices. He
was very active in politics, but pei'sonally is
cajjable of as warm a friendship for his polit-
ical opponents as for his allies. Jonathan
Groves married, near Odessa, Elizabeth Van-
dergrift. Their children are:. I. Sarah (Mrs.
Nathaniel Daggett), of White Clay Creek
hundred; II. George W., of Landisburg, Pa.;
III. Jane, married Rev. B. T. String, of the
Philadelphia Conference of the M. E.
church; IV. John 'J\, killed at Petersburg in
the Civil War; V. ]\[artha E., deceased; VI.
Andrew Jackson, deceased; VII. Charles, of
Wihiungton; VIII. Henrietta (ilrs. John
Jones), of Wilmington; IX. William F., de-
ceased; X. Emma (Mrs. John Dyath); XL
Benjamin A.; XII. Alice. Jonathan Groves
died on his farm in June, 1891. IMrs. Groves
is also deceased; both were buried in Salcra
]\r. I'], churchyard. White Clay Creek hun-
dred. Mr. and Mrs. Groves were active mem-
bers iif the ^L E. church.

Benjamin A. Groves attended the public
schools of White Clay Creek hundred, and
was a student in the Conference Academy,
Newark, and the ilillersville State Normal
School, of Pennsylvania, being graduated
from the latter institution in 18S3. He taught
School for one vear in Wasliintrton borouirb,

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428

BIOOR.IPHWAL ENOYOLOPEDIA

Lancaster county^ Pa.,' one year iu C'hristiand,
Del., and eighteen niontlis in Mvd l.ioii; iu
188G he was cliosen pnneipal of the schools
of Newark, Del. After eifihteon months he
resigned this position, and hecmne book-
keeper for the Kiamensi Wool Mill Co. For
the past ten years he has filled that position
\-cM'v aceejitably, as is e\nd('ni'cd by tlie fact
that in 1895 he becanio a stockholder, and was
chosen a director of the company. lie is well-
educated and companionable, and is happy in
possessing a large number of^ friends. Mr.
Groves is a member of lliram Lodge, No. 25,
F. & A. M.; Newark Chapter, R. A. M.; St.
John's Conmiandery, K. T.; Diamond Lodge,
No. 16, K. of P., of ifarshallton; Oriental
Lodge, No. 12, I. 0. 0. F., of Newark; Vul-
can Lodge No. 22, A. O. U. W., of JLu-shall-
ton. In political matters he is a Kepublican.
In the year 1888, in White CUay Creek
hundred, Benjamin A. (iroves was married to
Margaret Price, daughter of Kobert Arm-
strong, born in White Clay Oeek hundred.
Their children are: I. Harold P.; II. Uolv
ert A.; III. Norman Armstrong; IV. ilar-
garet. Mr. Groves is a member of St. James'
P. E. church, of Mill Creek hundred.

JAMES CLARK, Marshallton, Del., son
of Abishai and Eleanor (Yoctun) Clark, was
born in Prandywine Inmdred, New Castle
countv^ Del., July 15, 1850.

The C'lark family was among tlie earliest
settlers of Chester county. Pa., and has al-
ways held an honored jiosition there. Its an-
cestors in this country were Friends and came
from England during the proprictoi-ship of
William Penn. Their first home was in Nor-
ristown, Pa., where for many years they pur-
sued their vocations in the thrifty, unobtru-
sive manner characteristic of those of their
faith. James Clark, grandfather of the pres-
ent James Clark, was born in Doe Kun,
Chester county. Pa., and became an iron
worker. Afterwards he was an ironmaster,
and owned also a flouring mill at Doe Pun.
He died in Chester county. lie practiced the
religious doctrines of his forefathers.

Aliishai Clark, father of James Clark, was
born in Doe Pun, received a good education
iu the district schools, and afterward complet-
ed an apprenticeship in his father's flouring
mills. lie remained there until 1841, and

then came to NeXv Castle county, Del., and
followed his occupation as a miller until 18C0,
when he removed to Cecil county, ]\ld., and
purchased a mill which he opei-ated until
18G!). In that year he disposed of iiis ^fury-
land interests, returned to Now Castle county
and resumed milling here! A few years be-
fore his death, he removed to Wilmington. In
his politics he was first a Whig, and later a
Jve])ublican, but not an office seeker. Abishai
( 'lark nuirried Eleanor Yocum, bom in
A\'aynesburgh, Chester coimty, Pa., daughter
of Peter ^'ocum, a farmer and real estate
owner. Their children were: I. ifargaret
(Mrs. G. G. Horn), of Philadelphia; II. Hen-
rietta M. (Mrs. II. O. ]\roore), of Wilming-
ton; III. Elizabeth, deceased; IV. Sarah,
died _young; V. James; VI. Ellis IL, miller of
New Castle countv, Del.; A^ll. Clara G. (Mrs.
A. Senlmanl; VIII. Ida, died young; IX.
William, deceased. ]\Ir. Clark died in Wil-
mington in 1884, and was buried in the Old
Swedes' churchyard. He was a mendjer of the
!M. E. church. Mrs. Clark is still living in
A\'ilniing1on at the age of seventy-eight yeui-s.
She is a member of the M. E. church.

James Clark attended the public schools of
Wilmington and of Cecil county, Md., and
the Newark Academy under Prof. E. D. Por-
ter. He learned milling under his father's in-
structions, and when only nineteen years old
took charge of the Parkesburg mills in Ches-
ter county, Pa. Two years later he entered
the iron nulls at Wooddale, Del., and was em-
ployed nine years in the rolling department.
AVhile there he invented and patented a back
lash attachment for couplings, and traveled
for five years for the sale of his invention,
which was extensively purchased by null op-
erators. He then returned to the flour mill-
ing business, and, togetlier with his brother
Ellis, bought a null at Greenbank, Del.,
which they fitted with roller machinery. Two
years afterwards James Clark sold his intere>t
in this plant, and until 1S!)1 operated a mill in
Brandywine hundred. Then he was made su-
]>erintendent for the Marshallton Tnm and
Steel Company, and for the past seven years
has given to the duties of that responsible po-
sition the best efforts of an experienced, cap>i-
ble and resourceful mechanic and manager of
men. His services are highly ap-

preciated by the Marshallton comi)any, and

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I \y\:\\' STATE OF DELAWARE

429

his wortli ns a citizen makes Jiim rospeotcd liy
liis neighbors, ilr. Clark organized Vulcan
Lodge, .\o. 22, A. O. U. W., of Alarshnllton,
Decenik-r ol, 18'J2. He is Past blaster of
the Lodge anil has repres(Mited it in the (irand
J.odge several terms. He is a Democrat and
was a candidate for coroner of New Castle
county in IS'Jl, but was defeated.

On if ay 21, lb77, Jauies Clark was mar-
ried to Anna, daughter of Edward Sowdeii,
born in Alill (Jreek hundred. They have •me
child, Elizabeth, who was educated in the
public schools, the Friends' School of \\"\\-
luington, and in Coldey's Business College,
of Wilmington, from wdiich latter institution
she was graduated.

JOIIX BALL, M. D., P. 0. Marshallton,
Xew Castle county, Del., son of John and
Sarah A. (Baldwin) Ball, was born at "Mill-
town, Del., November 25, 1SG8.

He was educated in the j)ublic schools of
Mill Creek hundred and in a select school in
Xewark, taught l)y iliss AVilson. Subse-
quently he attended Delaware College, in
!Xewark, and was graduated in 1890, with the
degree of A. B. From boyhood his desire
liad been to become a memher of the medical
fraternity, and during Ids college days he
read meilicine under the instructions of his
brother, Lewis H. Ball, M. T). In the fall of
181)0, John Ball entered the medical depart-
ment C)f the TJiuversity of Pennsylvania, in
I'liiladtlphia, and in the spring of 1893 re-
ceived his diploma from that institution. For
six months he practiced his profession with
his brother, and in the latter part of 1S93 re-
moved to Hockessin, !Mill Creek lunidred,
where he remained fotiT years and accpured a
large practice. Then he was appointed a
physician at the Xorristown Insane Asylum
in Pennsylvania and discharged the exacting
duties of his position with much credit to his
skill and medical knowledge. In January,
1898, Dr. Ball returned to ^lilltown and
formed a partnership with his brother under
the title of Drs. L. 11. i^- John Ball. Dr. Ball
is a prominent member of the Delaware State
^Medical Society. He is a popular yduug
man, a talented physician and surgeon, and
has many friends. He is a member of Valley
Lodge, A. O. U. W., of Hockessin. In poli-
tics he is a liC'Uublican.

, , I. TuK Xewi.in Family. ,-. ^ ■...

•'I • By iliss Harriet I. Newlin:

"Baffle (Ralph) de Newland, also spelled dc
Loveland, crusader," is the first mention of
that name in the '"Chart of the d(,' Newlands
of luigland," where they are arranged ac-
cording to residence and possessions. The line
continues from the year 1177 to 1453. (Nove-
lum. Bishop of Sonsono, son of Gerara, Sienr
de Cheusi and biuret 0 Cambridge. — Peter de
Xewland. (spelled also I'eres d'Vevelum and
Xevclum), Sheriif of London in 1199, Mid-
dlesex.— Roger de la Neweland, Lord of Xew-
land Hall ilamir, 1199. — The Register givej
a line of manor lords down to Thomas Xew-
land, who was sheriff of London in 1480.

From 1455 to 1485 England was devastated
by the civil war between the rival houses of
York and Lancaster. During this contest a
very large nund)er of the nobility and gentry
were slain, ilany of the ancient faudlies be-
came extinct. Perhaps the disajipearance
from the records, after this time, of the names
of some branches (jf the family, may lie ac-
counted for in this waj'. The liui' again ap-
pears in 1515 in Jolm Xewland, Abbot of St.
Atignstine, Bristol.

IJoger Xewlands, 1G42, of X'ewlands, and
Jolin Xewland, 1048, Isle of Wight, as-ir-ted
Charles I in his attempt to escape from Caris-
brook Castle, and are said to have been lic-
headed for it, in 1080. Sir Benjanun Xew-
land, Cambridge, is mentioned in 1080. Sir
George X'ewland, Candiridge, 1080, and
1082.

X'icholas Xewlin, Blount itellick, Ireland,
cmigi'ated to America in 1G83.

That Xicholas X'ewlin, the enugrant to
America, was connected with others of the
same fannly, is shown by the fact that his coat
of arms was the same as that borne by the de
X"cwlands of England. The late (1805) Bob-
crt X'^ewlin, of Philadelphia, had a painted
cojiy of these ''arms." The descriptinn will
give an idea of its appearance. "The large
lions at the sides are called supporters, and
are a great mark of distinction, being very
seldom borne by gentry fannlies. The cross
piece in the nnddle of the shield is a chevron;
and on it are three crescents. The line down
the middle deucjtes the division of the shield
into two colors, the chevrctn being a third. 1
think the correct blazon of these arms would
be as fullows: Azure and trules, on a cheNron,

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430

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

or between three lions of the same, three cre-
scents of the first (azure). Crest — a demi-
lion rampant, proper (i. e. natural) color, be-
zante, charged witli a cross, — cross-let argent.
Supjiortei-s: Two lions rampant proper."

^Irs. Anna New) in, of Spruce street, Phil-
adt'lphia, was in possession of a ring once
owned by Nicholas Newlin, which contained
the coat of arms of the Newlin family. It
was the same as that borne by the de New-
lands of England.

Tradition says that the family of Nicholas
Newlin were livang in Ireland at the time of
the nu^ssacre of the English Protestant settlers
by the Irish Catholics in October, 1041. An
Irish servant girl was observed to be imeasy
and troubled in mind about something; and
being questioned as to the cause, she confessed
that such a plot existed and that the family
were to share the fate intended for the other
English settlers. They fled to the woods and
finally succeeded in reaching Dublin, thus es-
caping the fate that overtook the most of their
countrymen. The number of victims who
peri-hcJ in this massacre is variously esti-
mated from 8,000 to 40,000.

The following is the "Certificate" furnished
to Nicholas Newlin by the "ilcn's Meeting"
held at Blount Mellick, Countv Tyrone, Ire-
land.

"At the request of Nicholas NeAvland we
do hereby certify, that the said Nicholas New-
land acquainted our men's meeting with his
intention of removing himself and his family
out of this nation into New Jersey or Pennsyl-
vania in America, and we have nothing to
charge against him or his family, as to their
conversation in the world, since they fre-
quented our meetings, bu+ hath walked hon-
estly among men for aught we know, or can
hear by enquiring, which hath been done; but
our Friends' meeting is generally dissatisfied
with his so removing, he being well settled
Avith his family, and having s\ifficient sub-
stance for food and raiment, which all that
profess Godliness in Christ Jestis ought to be
content with for we brought nothing into this
world and we are sure to take nothing out,
and he hath given us no satisfactory reason
for his removing, but our CJodly jealousy is
that his cliief ground is fearfulness of suffer-
ing's here for the testimony of Jesus, or covet-
ing worldly liberty.

"All which we certify from our men's

meeting at Blount ilellick the 25th of 12th
month, 1G82.

"And we further certify that enquiry hath
been made concerning the clearness of Nath-
aniel and John Newland, sons of said Nicho-
las Ne\vland from all entanglements of mar-
riage, and that they are released for aught wo
find.

"Signed by the advice and in the behalf of
the meeting,

Tobias Pladwell,
"William Edmundson,
Christopher Paper,
and others."

The original of the above is in the hand-
writing of William Edmundson, a noted min-
ister of the Society. It was, in 1820, in pos-
session of ]\Iary ^lifflin of Harford Co., ^Id.;
she was then in her seventy-ninth year and
was a descendant (she said great-granddaugh-
ter) of Nicholas Newland.

"Among the eminent persons of this (the
Quaker) Society who settled in and near this
place [Chester] in these early times was
Nicholas Newlin." — Proud's Hist, of Penn.,
Vol. 1., p. 28.

Meetings were held at his house as early as
1G85, as is shown by the following extract
from the "]\rinutes of Concord Quarterly
meeting held at Chester, 9 mo. 1st, 1685."
"Agreed that the meeting shall be held at
Nicholas Newlin's on alternate fourth and
first days." And 6 mo. 2d, 1686, it was or-
dered that the meeting be kept at Nicholas
Newlin's o\i\y "till further orders." After
his death the meetings were continued at his
widow's for several years.

He was accompanied to America by his
wife, Elizabeth, his two sons, Nathaniel and
John, and one daughter, Pachel. A married
daughter, Elizabeth Purton, remained in Ire-
land. Pachel married Ephraim Jackson. In
1685 Nicholas Newlin was appointed to a scat
in the Provincial Council, and for a time was
one of the justices of the court of Chester
county. He had large estates in Concord and
Birmingham, and built a mill at the fonner
place in very early times.

Nicholas Newlin died at Concord in the
month of Jfay, 1099, and was there buried.

Nathaniel Nt'wlin, son of Nicholas and
Elizabeth, was born about the year IGOO; and
was therefore aboiit twenty:three years old
when he immit^ratcd to Pennsvlvania with his

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STATE OF DELAWARE

431

parents. In 1685, he married !Mary Menden-
liall, wlio came from Wiltshire, England, a
sister of Benjamin and John Mendenhall,
\vlio came to this country from a town in
Suffolk, England, called Mildenhall, that be-
ing the original family name.

IIo was a man of good abilities, was a prom-
inent person and exercised considerable in-
fluence both in the meetings of Friends and
in the community at large. In 1698 he was
elected to the Provincial Assembly as a repre-
sentative from Chester county, and continued
in that body at different times for several
years, viz: 1698, 1701, 1702, 1703, 1710,

1711, 1713. He was very regular in his at-
tendance at the debates of the House, and
took a prominent part in its proceedings. In

1710 he was one of a committee to consider
and draw up a new form of government, and
to revise the laws. He was subsequently ap-
pointed one of the Proprietaries' commission-
ers of property; and a justice of the county
courts, about 1727. In 1722, on its creation,
he became one of the trustees of the General
Loan Office of the Province, which position
lie continued to hold till the time of his death.
lie continued to reside in Concord as long as
he lived, and owned a large amount of real
estate there, as well as elsewhere.

Although advanced in life, Nathaniel
Xewlin was married again in February, 1729,
to Mary Flincher (or Fincher), and his death
occurred in May of the same year. His widow
removed to London Grove where she died the
next year.

The children of Nathaniel Newlin and
Mary Mindenhall, his wiie, were: I. Jemima,
born IV'cembor 9, 1685, manied October -4,

1712, to Richard Ea^'inson, of Thornburg ;
II. Elizabeth, born January 2, 1687, or '88,
married in 1713, to Ellis Lewis, of Radnor,
(lie.l 1723; III. Nicholas, born March 19,
1689, married in 1715 Edith, daughter of
Nicholas and Abigail Pyle; IV. Nathaniel,
born January 19, 1690 or '91, and in 1710 or
'11, married Jane, daughter of Richard and
Jane Woodward, of iliddletown. Pa.; V.
John, born December 28, 1691, married in

1711 to Mary Woodward, sister of his lirother
Nathaniel's wife, died in 1753; VI. Keziah,
married William Bailey, of Kennett; VII.
ilary, born February 2, 1699, and in 1724
man-icd Richard Clayton, of Concord. She

left no children and her property was in-
herited by her eldest brother, Nicholas.

We are indebted to J. M. W. Newlin, of
Philadelphia, for a paper (marked Draft of the
'rownsliij) of Newlin), received by him from
Gilbert Cope, of West Chester, which gives
the township under the different surveys.

The first draft of the Society Land is evi-
dently incorrect as to boundaries, but it may
have been made merely to show the location
of the Indians and some settlers.

According to the first survey, made Sep-
tember 25th, 1688, the lines were as in the
second draft, except that they were all some-
what shorter. Nearly all the old tracts were
on re-survey found to contain more than they
were laid out foi", and this will account for
tlie difference of over 600 acres in the various
accounts.

Charles Read and others, trustees for the
Free Society of Traders, conveyed this land
to Nathaniel Newlin by deed of June 10,
1724, for S00£. It is described in the deed
according to the firet suiwey and called 7100
acres; but on re-survey in October, 1724, 't
appears to contain 7707 acres.

Nathaniel Newlin, son of Nathaniel and
Mary IMendenhall Newlin, was born January
19, 1691. At the age of twenty, he married
Jane, daughter of Richard and Jane Wood-
ward, of ]\riddletown; they had nine children:
I. Nathaniel, married Esther Midkiff, of Con-
cord, died 1766; II. Rachel, married William
Walter; III. Elizabeth; IV. Jane, married;
V. Joseph, man-ied Phebe Lewis; VI. ^lary;
VII. Nicholas, of Concord, married Anna
Speabuan, died 1765; VIII. Martha; IX.
Nathaniel, of Concord, married.

He was President Justice of the
Court of Common Pleas of Chester Coun-
ty ; and served in the Provincial Assembly for
a nuudjcr of yeai-s as a representative. He
was first elected to this office in 1714 when
only twenty-three years old, and was again
chosen to represent the county in the years

1717, 1718, 1719, 1721, and 1722.

lie resided at C'oncord where he died in
1732; his widow survived till 1737.

Joseph Newlin, son of Nathaniel Newlin
and Jane, his wife, was born 9th mo. 20th,

1718. He removed to Birmingham, and in
his twenty-second year married Phebe Lewis,
granddaughter of Ralph Lewis, an eminent

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432

BIOORAPIIWAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Welsh settler, wlio was born 2 mo. 26, 1722.

Tlie children of tliis marriage were: I.

Elizabeth, born 3 mo., 7, 1742, married John

Yarnall, 2 mo. 3, 1774, liad children, i.

Phuebe, married Yarnall, a distant

relative, had one daughter, jMary, who died

unmarried, ii. Edith, iii. Joim, man-ied

, had children, 1. Josiali, 2. Elizabeth,

'3. Anna, married J. Laird do Von, had three
children, Mary Ruth, Eugenia and James
Laird, Jr., 4. Elizabeth, born after the death
of her sister of the same name, iv. llachel; IL
Edith, born 12 mo., 10, 1745, married Philip
Jones, 5 mo., 31, 17G4; IIL Ellis, born 9 mo.,
20, 1749, married Jane Mason in 1771, after-
ward liachel ; IV. isathaniel, born 8

mo., 20, 17G0. It appears by the minutes of
Concord Men's Meeting that 12 mo. 12, 1740,
Joseph Xewlin was given a certificate of re-
moval to Newark M. Meeting; sometime
between 1740 and . 1750 he removed
to Christiana hundred, in Delaware, and
thus became a member of Wilmington
meeting. lie seems to have been quite an ac-
ti\e member of the Society, as his name fre-
quently appears on the ''Minutes of the
monthly meeting as a member of committees,
representatives," iSrc, lie built the house now
standing at the S. E. corner of Eourth and
West streets, Wilmington. He wa.s reckoned
wealthy for the times, llis grandson, John
Yarnall (who died in 1874), told that he im-
ported from England a Eible, a clock, a cop-
per kettle, a dining set of pewter and other
articles for each of his daughters, proliably on
their marriage. Phebe N^ewlii? was an ac-
tiA'e, energetic woman who ke[>t her house-
hold in perfect order. Joseph ISTewlin died
at the age of fifty on the 28th day of 11th mo.,
1708. By his last will and t(«tament, after
liberally providing for "my loving wife
Phebe" iu giving her full control of his es-
tate ''until the time my son Ellis will be of
the age of twenty-one years and from thence
the use and benefit of the one-third part
thereof during her natural life,"- — bequeath
unto my son Ellis my present; dwelling plan-
tation situate in the hundred and county
aforesaid, bounded to the N. E. by the land of
Robert Robinson, to the south and west by
Mill Creek,- — also lot or piece of marsh situate
in Deer Creek Marsh and bounded to the
southward by the ]\larsh Road, to the west-
ward bv marsh of Cornelius Stedliam and to

northward by marsh of Joshua Way, — to Na-
thaniel one-half of the above described lot or
piece in Deer creek, also one hundred and fifty
pounds currency "to bo jiaid to him by my
son Ellis, when my said S(jn Nathaniel shall
arrive to twentj'-one years of age, and I order
and direct that my said son Nathaniel shall
be i)ut apprentice to some suitable trade when
he shall arrive to fourteen years of ago, and
that he shall be schooled and maintained out
of my Estate till he shall be put apprentice"
— unto my daughter Elizabeth her heirs and
assigns forever the westerly moiety or half
part of all that Lot of mai-sh in Deer Creek
Marsh, which lieth between that of Joshua
Little and Job Harvey, the Marsh Road and
Christiana River, also thirty pounds currency
money, — to my daughter Edith all that east-
erly moiety or half part of the last above de-
scribed Lot or piece of marsh — the entire
tract contained 1104 acres, southward and
west of south from Eo\irth and West streets.
— and I do order and direct that there shall
be levied and raised out of my estate the gum
of fifty pounds currency to be ai)plied by Da-
vid Eerriss, Daniel Burnes and Joseph Wctit,
at such time as they or the survivor or survi-
vors of them shall [direct to] purchase the
freedom of a certain Negro called 'Toby,'
now claimed as belonging to Peter Jaquet of
Long Hook which said sum of fifty pounds
is to be applied for that use and not other-
wise."

Phebe Newlin survived her husband more
than six years, dying in the early part of 1775,
at the age of fifty-three: bequeathing to her
two sons, Ellis and Nathaniel each five pounds
good and lawful money and "all the re-
mainder of my estate to my two daughtei-s
Elizabeth Yarnall and Edith Jones to be
divided between the two share and share
alike."

Ellis Newlin, son of Joscjih and Phebe
Lewis Newlin, married in 1771 Jane Mason.
'J'hey had three sons, J(;seph, AVilliam and
(ieorgo. Josejjh was born iu 1770, married
Ann Dunlap October 20, 1790.

The entire line of the Newlin family from
the first settler in America to Joseph, son of
Ellis, were Friends or (Quakers, but Joseph
married Ann Dunlap, a Presbyterian, for
which he was ''turned out of meeting" — -and
altho\igh he did not become a member of the
I'resbvtcrian cliurch, all of his children were

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BTATE OK DELAWARE

43S

brought iij) ill that coiuiBUuion by their
lUutluT, to which ho never objected, but
rather aided her wlieii in his power to do so.
lie wati kind and genial iu disposition. He
was for u nuuiiier of years a member of the
AVihnington Light Infantry Bhies, of wliich
lie was the secretary and when the war of
1812 brojse otit, he with his company went out
against tlie IJritish. lie died January 14,
1S2S, at the age of forty-seven years. His
wife Ann died September 5, 1828. The chil-
dren of Joseph and Ann Newhn were:

I. Eliza (Mi-3. Thomas Crow), bom 1798,
died 1S70, had one child, Samuel, b. 1S24-,
d. 1S9();

ir. Jane (Mrs. Jacob Harman), b. 1800,
d. ISGi;, whose children were, i. Hanson (law-
yer), b. 1S25, d. 1878, ii. Anna E., b. 1827,
d. 1828, iii. Joseph N., b. 1831, d. 1892, mar.
Cornelia Olerry, and had issue, 1. Joseph N.,
Jr., m. Anna Kobinson, has two sons, 2. Jin-
nie E., 3. Theodore, b. 186-1, d. 1896, 4. Rob-
ert G., 5. Eugene, iv. Thomas N., b. 1833, d.
l&G;i, V. William, b. 1835, d. 1835, vi. Eliz-
abeth A., b. 1837, d. 1865, vii. Jane Burton,
b. 1840, m. C. B. Naudain, 'M. D., issue, 1. Ed-
gar II., b. 1864, d. 1888, 2. ilary Brooks, viii.
Mary Extein, b. 1842, d. 1846;

III. Thomas K, b. 1803, d. 1872, mar.
first Tifary E.vtein, had one child that died in
infancy; afterwards married Sarah (Extein)
Baser, had one child, Harry, who died in
childhood;

IV. Samuel Dunlap, b. October 1, 1805, d.
July 25, 1885, mar. first Jane Denny, and
had one child, who died in infancy, after-
ward mar. Hannah Ball, b. 1810, d. 1887,
had issue, i. James Ball, b. 1840,' d. 1896,
m. Emnui A. Clark, no issue; James B. New-
lin entered the U. S. service as hospital stew-
ard in 1S61, and served in Tilton Hospital,
Wilmington, until the close of the war of the
Rebellion, when he entered the U; S. Army,
serving in the Signal Service Corps until
1892, when broken health compelled him to
resign; ii. Charles Merrier, b. 1842, d. 1S94,
U. S. ]^Iarshal for District of Delaware, 1885
to 1890, iii. Harriet Isabella, iv. IMary Anna-
bella, V. Alonzo, b. 1847, d. 1892, mar. Annie
J. Jones, had children, 1. Dora, 2. Alonzo,
Jr., 3. James A., vi. Jessie B., died in in-
fancy.

V. Maru'aret, b. 1808, living in August,
1898;

VI. George, died in infancy;

VII. Joseph, Jr., died a youth, in 1812;
\IU. Ann (Mrs. John Hanson, b. 1815, d.

1885, had children, i. Anna, died in girlhood,
ii. Laura (Mrs. John R. Ilartuian), is^ue, (sur-
name Ilartinan), 1. Alfred, 2. Elovouce, 3.
Howard, 4. Herbert;

IX. Ellis James Newlin D. D., of whom
Dr. T. de Witt Talmage said, "I knew him
as a good, grand, noble, gracious, talented
minister of the Gospel. Such souls make hea-
ven richer; his name suggests every thing de-
lightful in friendsiiip and Christian associa-
tion." Born 1812, d. 1885, mar. Katharine
Brisbain, and had children, i. William, b.
1852, ii. Ellis, b. 1854, d. 1871, iii. Helen,
iv. Alargaret B., v. Bark, b. 18G0, d. 1894,

mar. Minnie , had issue Chester, b.

1882, vi. Kate, b. 1862, d. 1864, vii. Donald,
b. 1865, d. 1867.

Nathaniel Newlin, son of Joseph and Phebe
NewHn, was bom 8. mo. 20, 1760. The in-
junction given by his father in his will that
he "should be put apprentice to some suitable
trade," seems to have been complied with;
for we learn from the minutes of Wilming-
ton ilonthly Meeting that a "certificate" of
removal was ordered to be prepared under date
12 mo. 18, 1775 — "to Nathaniel Newlin to
Nottingham :\Ionthly Meeting, he being put
apprentice to a Friend belonging thereto."

He married Ann, daughter of Joseph and
Edith (Pyle) Harlan. The following is a
copy of their marriage certificate; "These are
to certify all whom it may concern, that Na-
thaniel Newlin and Ann Harlan were joined
together in holy matrimony^ according to ye
Constitution of ye CJhurch o1 England, on ye
14 Day of November, in ye year of our Lord
1782."

Their home was near that of Ann's father,
Joseph Harlan, in the southem part of Ken-
nctt. They had four children: I. Edith, born
1st mo. 28, 1784, died young; II. Joseph,
born 2d mo. 26, 1785, married Sarah Laggart;
III. Dinah, born 12th mo. 26, 1786, married
Thomas Parker; IV. Phebe, married John
Clavton.

About the year 1789, Nathaniel Newdin
left home with a wagon and three horses to
go to the southern part of Delaware, and ])er-
haps as far as the Eastern Shore of ^Ian-land.
He took with him a load of farm produce,
spinning wheels, and such other articles a- in

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434

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

those days met with a ready sale, or were
ea.sily exchanged for feathers and some other
things, that lie could easily dispose of in his
own neighborhood on his return. X consider-
able sum of money was due to him for goods
sold to ditferent persons, on previous expedi-
tions of the same kind. This money he now
intended to collect, as this was to be his last
venture in that direction. On a former trip,
perhaps the one immediately preceding this he
had been attacked by robbers; but his cries
for help bringing assistance, he escaped. His
wife was extremely reluctant for him to ven-
ture again; but the money at stake decided
liini to take the risk. lie expected to be ab-
sent a sufficient time to enable him to finish
up the entire business; so that it was not for
a considerable period that any uneasiness was
felt about him at his home.

AVhen his prolonged absence finally excited
alarm, and messengers were sent after him,
all that could be learned, was that he had
transacted his business, and had come as far as
Cantwell's Bridge, (now Odessa) on liis way
home. That part of the country was then
sparsely settled; and there were unpleasant
stories afloat in regard to desperadoes who
found easy concealment amid the thick bushes
and tall ^rass that covered much of the low-
land and marshes.

It was supposed that he had been murdered
for the sake of the money and other eifects
lie had with him; and that his body had been
thrown into some of the swamps, or creeks
near where he was last seen.

Not any thing more definite w=»s ever learn-
ed in regard to his fate; and after a time
the family was broken up and dispersed.

Joseph Newlin, son of Nathaniel and Ann
H. Xewlin, and his wife Sarah (Taggart)
Xcwlin spent the first part of their married
life in the southern part of Kennett town-
ship, where their eldest daughter Mary Ann,
was born. He bought a farm in New Garden
township; to this he removed in the*spring
of 1S12. Ke was a good farmer, and kept
every thing in good order; he also carried on
Ijusiness as a carpenter, and was highly es-
teemed for integrity of character. In 1825
or 1826, he moved into a brick house, which
he had built on the farm ; the clay for the
bricks was dug from the meadow,' and the
Win M-as fired at the same place. The family
removed to Wilmington, in ^rarch, l.s:,2, and

the following year, occupied No. 515 AVesf
St. Sarah T. Newlin died 0 mo. 7, 18(J1.
Joseph Newlin died on the morning of July
4, 1807.

Joseph Newlin and Sarah ('J'nggart) New-
lin, had eight children: 1. ]\lary Ann, b. 8
mo. 10, 1811; II. Albina, b. 12 mo. 20, 1812;
III. Jacob T., b. 8 mo. 8, 1814, d. 18^3; IV.
George, b. 12 mo. 11, 1810, d. 183l'; V.
Edith, b. 7 mo. 13, 1818, living August,

1898; VI. Sarah, b. 12 mo. 22, 1819, d. ;

A^II. Joseph, b. 3 mo. 28, 1823, d. 9 mo. 29,
1832; VIII. William, b. 8 mo. 27, 1828, d.
1832. Mary Ann Newlin, married Allen
Gawthrop; their children are: I. Newlin, II.
Alfred, III. Emma; IV. Henry.

Edith Newlin, assisted by her sister Sarah,
taught the school of Friends, Fourth and
West Sts., about 1853. They remained in
that school for four years; then Glarkson Tay-
lor and Edith Newlin built a school house,
comer of Eighth and Wolleston Sts., which
was a prosperous undertaking, in which Edith
had charge of the department for girls until
ISOl, when she was obliged to give up her
school. She is a bright, intellectual and in-
teresting woman at the age of 80 years.

Gyrus Newlin, of the Nicholas Newlin line
of 1CS3, Avas born in 1747, and died in 1824.
His wife, Sarah (Shipley) Newlin, was born
in Wilmington, Del., in 1751, died in the
same place, 1824. She was a daughter of
William and Elizabeth (Levis) Shipley, whose
history is sketched among those of other old
families in this work. William Shipley was a
public-spirited man. He bought a large tract
of land, now the heart of the city of Wilming-
ton, but then immediately adjoining the little
settlement made by Willing. He was in-
strumental in having the street widened by
nine feet on each side; he built a market-
house for the people on Fourth or High streer,
between ilarket and Shipley streets, at his
own cost, and was a leader in every public
enterjn-ise. William Shipley was the first
chief burgess when the village was incorporat-
ed into a bornugh, and was in every way a
good citizen. Tliomas S. Newlin is i)r(]t)ably
one of his descendants.

WILLIAil A. MORRISON, P. O. New-
ark, Del., son of William and Elizabeth
(Scott) iforrison, was born in Newark, Del.,

December 28, 1833.

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^ '•

STATE Oh PELAWAllE

435

lie attended the public schools of Ogleton,
and from early boyhood until he was twenty-
eight years old worked on the farm with his
parents. Then he leased the Sawdon farm of
150 acres in Christiana hundred and culti-
vated it for two years, attending the Wilming-
ton City market at the same time. During
the ensuing year, he lived on a rented farm
near Xewark, in White Clay Creek hundred;
from that place he went to Newport, where
he remained until 1807, and then purchased
his present farm of 211: acres, known as the
Oliver Eastburn tract, in Mill (Jrcek hundred.
iJnring the past thirty years he has made ex-
tensive improvements on this land, and it is
now one of the best tracts in the hundred. At
a cost of more than $3,000 Mr. Morrison re-
paired the dwelling house, planted an orchard
and added otherwise to the value of the place.
He has been industrious and careful, and has
reaped a goodly profit from the grain and live
stock raised on his farm, and the market piro-
duce sent weekly to Wilmington. lie was
elected a Levy Court commissioner for Xew
Castle county, and served while the court
house in Wilmington was in course of erec-
tion, and during the period when the construc-
tion of iron bridges was extensively under-
taken in that county. He proved a very popu-
lar and capable commissioner. Mr. !^^orrison
is genial and companionable, and has many
friends. lie is a stanch Democrat.

On February 12, 18G3, William A. Morri-
son was married to Emeline Louise Thurlow,
daughter of Francis and Bella (Shepherdson)
Sawdon, born in Christiana hundred, ^lay 10,
183.^.. They had children: I. Belle Shepiierd-
s<]n ; II. Bachel Jayne. Both were educated in
Xcwark Academy under Miss Chamberlain,
and are talented young ladies. They are de-
voted to music and painting and are very pro-
ficient in both; their china and oil paintings
give evidence of their skill with the brush.
Mrs. ]\Iorrison is genial, and a delightful en-
tertainer. She takes particular pleasure in
her collection of antiques. One of these is
an old "grandfather's" clock which has cross-
ed the Atlantic ocean three times; some
others consist of early English furniture.
Their comfortable home is made bright and
attractive by the artistic efforts of the daugh-
ters, the quaint old furniture, and the happy
dispositions of the parents. ]\Ir. Morrison at-

tends the Presb^'terian church. Mrs. Morri-
son is a communicant of the P. E. church.

The Sawdon family is of English descent.
Francis Sawdon, father of Mrs. ilurrison, was
born in Weaverthorp, Yorkshire, England,
February 2, 1789, son of James Sawdon. He
learned farming in the old country, and in
181'J came to America with his parents.
After a passage of two mouths^ they reached
Delaware, and settled in jSTew Castle hundred,
where the elder Sawdon died. Francis Saw-
don purchased the lease of Hare's Corner
Hotel and farm and resided there for twenty-
five years, making many improvements upon
the property duiing this period. Afterwards,
having sold his interests in Xew Castle hun-
dred, he purchased the Phillips farm of 148
acres in Christiami hundred. Here he re-
mained until his death. He was a successful
farmer and a progressive man. ]\Ir. Sawdon
visited England inany years before his death,
and on his return brought with him the first
wheat drill used in the state of Delaware. He
was a member of the "Farmers' Club of
Twelve," which was composed of such men as
the DuPonts, Cliauncey Holcomb, ifajor
John Johns, Major Carr, Dr. Thompson and
others. In politics he was a Whig. On Decem-
ber 21, 1820, in Philadelphia, Francis Sawdon
was married to Bella, daughter of liichard and
;Mary Shepherdson, who was born in York-
shire, England, January 18, 17'J9, and came
to this cnintry, April 22, 1811), settling in
Xew Castle county, Del. They had children:
I. Sarah A., died young; II. fhonnis Thomp-
son, deceased; III. IJichard T., died young;
IV. Francis, of Wilmingtan; V. James IJob-
inson, deceased; VI. Kmeline Louise F. (Mrs.
William A. Morrison). Mr. Sawdon died on
his farm in Christiana hundred, October 3,
1853; his widow died at the residence of Mrs.
nVilliam A. Morrison, January 12, 187(5;
both were buried in the Old Swedes' church-
yard, in Wilmington. Mr. Sawdon was a
member of Trinity P. E. church, of Wilming-
ton.

LEWIS HETSf.EK BALL, :\I. D., Faulk-
land, Del., son of John and Sarah A. (Bald-
^\•inl Ball, was born in Milltown, Mill Creek
hundred, Xew Castle countv, Del., September
21, 1801.

John Ball, father of Lewis H. Ball, was.

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436

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

born on the old Ball homestead near ilill-
town, September '21, 1828. lie was a son

of the late James and (Kelly)

Ball, and was educated in the diatrict sehooli
of ^lill Creek lauulred, Ho reuuiined with
his jiavents until he was a young man, when
he came into possession of a portion of the
homc.-itead farm, and cultivated itfor anumber
of years. Mr. Ball introduced the cultiiro of
small fruit into Mill Creek hundred, in 1800;
he was a pioneer in this industry, and it yield-
ed him large returns. His fruits were all
shipped to Wilmington, and found ready sale
in the markets there. My his energy and
thrift he has aecumulated some wealth, and
for the past fifty years has resided in Mill-
town. Himself a. popular citizen, he takes
a just pridcj in the members of the family he
has reared, all of. whom enjoy well-merited
and general respect. Mr. Ball was a "Whig,
and has been a Kepublican tinco the organi-
zation of the party; has never had any desii'a
to hold office. On January ■2it, 1858, John
Ball was married to Sarah A., daughter of
AVilliam Baldwin, born in [Mill CIreek hun-
dred. Their children are: I. William Frank,
farmer of Mill Creek hundred ,'man'ied Lydia
Lyman; II. Mary Anna, at home; III. Lewis
Ileisler; IV. Edward,, farms the homestead;
V, Eva, died in early womanhood; VI. Jolm,
M. D.; VII. Harvey, farmer of Mill Creek
hundred; VIII. George K., at hom& Mr.
Ball and his family are members of the Pres-
byterian church, ilr. and ]\Irs. Ball are
greatly esteemed by the community of Mill-
town, for their charitable dis}>ositiun.

Lewis Ileisler Ball atteiuled the public
schools of ]\Idltown, and a private ' school
taught by Miss Walker, at ^Mermaid, Del.
Later, he entered Bugby Academy, at Wil-
mington, Dr. Samuel ^^lurpliy, principal,
and was graduated in 1879. lie fuUiTved
this with a three years' course in Delaware
College, at Newark, Dr, PurneU, president,
and obtained the degree of Ph. B. there in
1882. It had for several years been his purT
pose to adopt the medical profession, and
during his college, career he read medicine
UTuler Dr. Swithin Chandler. In the fall of
1882, he uiatriculiifed in the Medical Depart-
ment of the L'nivei-sity of Pennsylvania, at
Philadelphia, and was gradnaU'd with honors
in the spring of 18S5. He nnmediately re-
turned to ililltown, and cstablislu d iiimself

there as a physician and surgeon. Eighteen
months later, Lu 1887, after the death of his
former preceptor, Dr. Chandler, ho removed
to ]3randywiue Springs and auccoeded to his
practice. Fur tiie jjast eleven years he lia.s
resided here, and lias won the contidence aiul
support of the people by his skill. In January,
Ks;iS, Dr. L. H. Ball associated his brother
John with hinr under tlie title of L. 11. A:
John IJall. Dr. Ball recently purchased the
residence of the late Dr. Chandler and has
fitted it up with all the modern conveniences.
He has now one of the most ornate and com-
fortable residences in ^.Mill Creek hundred.
Dr. Ball is a stockholder and the secretary
and treasurer of the Wilmington and Brandy-
wine Springs railroad company. He is a
member of the State Medical Society, and is
regarded as a progressive and valuable citi-
zen. He is a member and Past Master of
Armstrong Lodge, No. 2G, F. »Sc A. M., of
Newport; a member of Friendship Lodge,
No. 22, I. O. 0. F., of Hockessin; of Dia-
mond Lodge, No. 16, K. of P., of Marshall-
ton, and of Vulcan Lodge, A. O. U. W. ; of
the last-named Lodge he was the first master
and has received from it a gold medal in re-
cognition of his interest in the organization.
For two yeai-s, Dr. L. H, Ball was county
chairman of the Ilepublioan party. He was
elected State treasurer of Delaware, Novem-
ber 8, 18!)S, and is serving in that office.

On Novendier ll, 1893, in St. James P. E.
church, ]\Iill Creek hundred, Lewis Ileisler
Ball was married to Catherine Springer,
daughter of Bobert Clay and Mary Elizabetli
(Cranston) Justis..

EOBEllT CLvVY JUSTIS, P. 0. Faulk-
land, New Castle county, Del., son of Justa
and Catherine (Sj)ringer) Justis, was born
near Brandywine Springs, Mill Creek liun-
dred, Del., February 9, 1824.

The Justis family is the oldest in Delaware.
More than 2()0 years ago, in 1035, Hans C>os-
talfson came with a number of his country-
men from Sweden, and landed at New Cas-
tle. A tract was taken uj) lu^arby, tiie wikmI-^
were fellod, an<l Ciotitatfson with his hardy and
determined fellows iiegan tlie cultivation of
the soil. They rpiickly establisjied friendly
relations with the Indians, and their scttle-
menl was in a tliriving eondilioii when l'(;nn
a-^sumeil control nf it nndrr a a'rant uf Charh-s

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STATE OP DELAWARE

437

11. The (iostaffsou family -was prominent in
tliu^e cuK)niai days, as its descendants iiave
since beiMi. 'i'lie namehasundergoue a nunilier
vi elianges. Swen, son of Hans, abbresiated
it til (.ui>los, which tinally betanie J ustis. Tlie
family enjoys the uiu(ine distinction of having
{lerpetnated its Swedish blood withont inter-
minj;Un_^' with it that of other nationalities.
The nuirria<ica of its members in every genera-
tion have been with Swedes, and it is to-day
the only colonial family of purely Swedish de-
scendants in Delaware.

Hans tiostatfson, who crossed the Atlantic
with a colony of Finns and Swedes in lti;55,
3pent his life here in ]\Iill Creek iuindred,
where ho owned a farm. Neils Jnetis, son of
Swen, and grandson of Hans Gostart'son, was
the great-great-grandfather of Kobert Clay
Justis; he was born in this same hnndred,
probably on the same farm, and he also de-
voted himself to agriculture. lie was an en-
ergetic man, and acquired much land. Neils
J^istis was one of the first to appreciate the
profitableness of rising live stock, and had
large herds on his wide acres. He died on his
farm and was buried in the Old Swedes'
churchyard, in Wilmington.

Joseph Justis, son of Neils Justis, was l)om
and reared on the home farm and afterwards
became its owner. He was a member of the
early Republican party, organized during
Washington's administration. Jacob .histis,
son of Joseph Justis, was born and raised
in ilill Creek hundred, on the farm inherited
from his father; his remains lie in the old
Swedes' cliurchyard, Wilmington. He had
three sons: I. Joseph; II. Justa; III. David.
Justa Justis, father of Kobert Justis, was
born on the home farm, July 22, 178*5. lie
was a fanner throughout his life, and in addi-
tion to this calling, was also a contractor and
builder. lie erected many dwelling houses
and other structures in Mill Creek hundred,
and l)uilt the famous old lirandywine Spnngs
hotel, for many years the finest in the state;
it was destroyed by fire, in Janimry, 1854.
Justa Justis erected a large dwelling for his
o\m occupancy on his farm, and HvckI there
. until his death, October 8, 1830. He was
buried in St. James churchyard, Stanton, Del.
Like his father, Mr. Justis was an anti-Fede-
ralist and an undeviating followernif Thomas
JefFei-son, and in his last days was a supjiortiT
of Andrew Jackson. He was elected a Lew

Court commissioner for New ('astle county
and tilled a number of local otiices. Juata
Justis was married to Catherine, daughter of
Jeremiah and -Mary (Keese) S|)ringer, born
in Mill Creek hundred, September 18, 1788.
'i'hey had children: 1. Mary (Mrs. Jonathan
Catlin), deceased; 11. Hannah (Mrs. Jk'uja-
niin (libbs), widow; III. Gustavus jVdolphus,
born Novi'mber 2(i, 1821, an attorney-at-law,
died in Chicago, August 13, 1847; IV. Koiiert
Cluy; V. Lewis Calvin, born January IC,
1820, resides in lvennedy\ille, Kent county,
!Md. ; \J. Edmund, born ^larch 7, 1S2S), died
August ir., Ib32; VII. Sarah 0. (Mi-s. Dr.
Frank ilcCabe), of Palmyra, ^lo., born Sep-
tember 2, 1835. Mr. Justis died on his farm
October 8, 1830; his widow died May 4, 1850;
both were buried in St. James P. E. church
gra^■eyard, ]\lill Creek hundred. Both were
members of the St. James P. E. church.

Kobert Clay Justis was born on the old
Justis homestead and attended the public
schools of Mill Creek hundred. Afterward
he was a pupil under Key. Samuel Galey, in
Wilmington, and for a short time studied
in Delaware College, Newark, Del., under Dr.
(filbert. Then he matriculated at Yale L'ni-
versity, and completed his education at Jeff-
ei-son College, Cannonsbnrg, Pa., Kev. Robt.
J. Breckenridge, I). D., president. It was
the desire of his mother that he should prepare
himslf for the ministry of the P. E. church,
but he preferred the life of a business man,
and after leaving college he engaged in the
manufacture of Hour in St. Louis, Mo. His
first luisiness venture was very successful, but
its fruits were swept away by the great fire in
that city. May 17, 1849, when eighteen hun-
dred houses and nearly one liundrcd steam-
boats were destroyed. Mr. Justis returned
to the old home in Mill Creek hundred, and
for four ycai"3 as.*isted his mother in the man-
agement of her farm. Then he formed a
partnership with W. G. & I. D. Phillips, and
engaged in the lumber business in Kent coun-
ty, Del., and Talbot county, ]\Id. The firm
bought large tracts of standing timber and
converted it into marketable lumber with
much profit, but the Civil AVar nnide their
business unrennmerative, and they were com-
pelled to discontinue operations. In 1805,
!Mr. Justis began farming at Kingston, Tal-
bot cotmty, !Md. He made extensive improve-
ments ujion the land and conlinucd there un-

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4 38

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

til 1869, when, leasing his farm to a tenant,
lie returned to New Castle county, and as-
sisted Jolni A. Cranston in tlie lumber busi-
ness in Newport. There he remained until
1SS8, in which year he was appointed admin-
istrator of the estate of Dr. Swithin CJhandler,
and removed to Brandywine Springs, where
he has since resided, in order more etKciently
to conduct the affairs of his trust. In 1882,
ifr. Justis was elected to the Legislature, and
served in that body as chairman on a number
of important committees. lie was one of the
originators of the Wilmington i^': Brandy-
wine Springs Railway Company, and has been
for six years president of the company. !Mr.
Justis is a man of extensive reading, of much
business experience, of progressive ideas, and
boundless energy. By his own efforts he ac-
cumulated a competence for himself; through
no fault of his, no carelessness, or speculation,
all was lost to him. lie is esteemed bj' every-
body for his worth and his genial nature. He
is a close student of the history of the world,
as it is daily being made; his library contains
the best worEs of the foremost writers and the
current publications. Mr. Justis is a member
and Past JIaster of Armstrong Lodge, No. 26,
A. F. & A. ^I., of Newport, a member of
Friendship Lodge, No. 22, 1. O. O. F., and has
passed through all the chairs of Andastaka
Tribe, No. 11-, I. 0. R. iL, of Newport. He
is a Democrat, and has always been prominent
in his party in New Castle county.

On November 14, 1861, at St. James P. E.
church, ]\Iill Creek hundred, Robert Clay
Justis was married to ilary Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of James Cranston, born in !Mill Creek
hundred. Mr. Cranston is a well-known mer-
chant of New Castle county. Mr. and ilrs.
Justis have these children: I. Samuel; II.
Custavus; III. James Cranston, all of whom
died young; IV. Eleanor Cranston, at home;
V. Justa Gostaffson, associated with James
Cranston in the lumber business in Newport;
YI. Catharine Springer (Mrs. Dr. L. II. Ball),
of Brandywine Spring's. IMr. Justis is a mem-
ber of St'. James P. E. church, of Mill Creek
hundred, and has been a vestrN'man since
1847.

JOHN KINSEY CHAMBERS, P. O.
Newark, Del., son of Benjamin and Sarah A.
CWhiteman) Chambers, was born in ^lill

Creek hundred. New Castle county, Del.,
August 31, 1849.

AVhen the land included in Pennsylvania
and Delaware was granted to William Penn,
and with P( nn the Friends came to find an
asylum in America, among tlie niunber of
emigrants from England was John Chambers.
He was born in Yorkshire, England, and ob-
tained from Penn a grant of 1000 acres of un-
cultivated land in what is now ^Mill Creek
hundred. New Castle county, Del., paying fur
it, as is supposed, the custonniry sum of one
penny an acre. Tiie plantation he purchased
was called the "Hoii-Yard" farm, and por-
tions of it are, to this day, in possession of and
occupied by descendants of the Chambers who
came across the Atlantic more than two cen-
turies ago. John Chambers was a farmer, and
devoted his entire life in this country to the
improvement of the wilderness he had bought
from Penn. By untiring industry, he suc-
ceeded in develo])ing a fine and profitable
farm from his land. On this farm he diccl,
and was buried in the Friends' graveyard in
Chester county. Pa. He had several chil-
dren, among whom was Richard Chambers.
Mr. Richard Chambers was the great-gTcat-
grandfather of John Kinsey Chambers. He
was born on the "Hop-Yard" farm, became
owner of a portion of it, and devoted himself
to its cultivation. In those early days, he was
considered a successful farmer. He was a
Friend, and a deejily religious man. "Mr.
Chambers died on his farm, and was intern d
in the Friends' burial ground at Striekers-
ville, Chester county. Pa. He had mari-ied
in Mill Creek hundred, and had several chil-
dren. Among those who survived him was
Benjamin Chambei-s, who was born on a part
of the "Hop-Yard" farm, where he resided all
his life, adding to the value of his inheritance
by more extensive cultix'ation and new build-
ings where necessary. He continued in the re-
ligious faitli of his fathers, and when he died
was bm-icd in the quiet and unnstentatinus
graveyard.

Josejih Chambers, son of Benjamin Cham-
bers, and grandfather of John ICinsey Cham-
bers, was born on a part of the "Hop-Yard"
farm. He received a good common school
educatinn. A portion of the farm was after-
wards gi\en liim, which he cultivated for
many years. Like his ancestors, he was ener-
getic, and, desiring to make still more produc-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

441

ti\-e the ;<oil which hiul been lochiiiiieil from
tlie wilderness, he expended iiiueh hdior and
money on liis heritage. He was of qniet de-
meanor, and nniversally res])ected. Josepli
Ciiainbers had children: I. AVilliani; IF.
ISamnel; III. Benjamin; 1\'. Joseph, 2; V.
Phineas; VI. Hannah; YIl. Margaret; VIII.
]\lartha;, IX. Jane; X. Ifachel. Mr. Cham-
bers dit'd on the farm and was buried at the
Head of Christiana cemetery. He was a
Friend in his religions belief.

l>enjamin Chambers, fatlier of John l\in-
sey Chambers, Avas born on a part of the "Hop-
Yard" farm, in ilill Creek Inindred, in ISOt).
He was educated in tlie district schools of the
hundred and assisted his parents on the farm
until he was a young man, when he learned
stone masonry. Then he removed to ^Milford
X Roads, ^Mill Creek hundred, and there fol-
hiwcd his trade until his deatli. He was a
nnister unison, and a man of prominence in hid
counnuuity. For several years he was a school
connnissioner, and held other offices in the
hundred. In his earlier days Mr. Chambers
was a disciple of Jefferson; then he became a
AVhig, and later a Republican. On October
27), 1S3S, Ik'njamirr Chambers was uuu'ried,
at Xewark, Del., by Rev. Andrew K. Russell,
a Presbyterian minister, to Sarah A., daugh-
ter of Henry and Ann (Kinsej^) Whiteunni,
born in ^Mill Creek liundred, October 19,
1S19, and of German ancestry. Their chil-
dren were: I. Anna Jane, born July 7, 1839;
II. Joseph Henry, born iMay 8, 1841; III.
Ellen (!Mrs. Josepli Eastburn), born Jauiiary
20, 1843; IV. Caroline, born October 27,
1844, died January 9, 1845; V. Sam-
uel, born ^larch 29, 1840, insurance
agent, of Wilmington; VI. !Malinda,
born ISTovember 24, 1847, died February
18, 1S4S; VII. John Ivinsey; VIII. Sarah
(Airs. Jabez Banks) of Stanton, Del., born
August 14, 1852; IX. Benjamin, 2, born
Decendjer IG, 1854, died Fel.niary 3, 1S6G;
X. (iilbert W., born X'ovember 26, 185G,
1 lacksniith, of Xewark; XI. William, born
April 20, 1859, died August 10, 18G2; XII.
Abraham Lincoln, stone mason, of Xewark,
and XIII. IT. S. Grant, of Brooklyn, X. Y.,
twins, born March 20, 1805. Mr. Chambers
died at ]\Iilford X Roads in 1878 and was
buried in the White Clay Creek Presbyterian
church graveyard. He was in liis youth a
meudier of the Society of Friends, but marry-

ing "out of meeting" he identiticd himself
with the Presbyterian churcli. His widow
resides with her sou, John lunsey. She is a
woman of much iutelligence, aiul has given
much (jf her time to W(jrk for her church.

Jcjhu Kinsey Chambers attended, when a
boy, the ])ublie schools of ]\Iilford X Roads,
District 37. Afterward he learned stone
masonry from his father, and has carried on
that trade, besides farming, ever since. As a
nuison, he had em2>loymcnt on several public
buildings and school houses. Mr. Chambers
purchased a tract of 93 acres from the "lower
part" of the "Hop-Yard" farm and erected
upon it a commodious dwelling house, a large
barn, etc., at a cost of about $4,000, besides
nuikiug other improvements. In 1S97 he sold
a part of his farm, but retained his home there.
^Ir. Chambers was school commissiijuer for
District 37 for several years and was elected
assessor of Mill Creek hundred in 1890. He
is a member of Hiram Lodge, Xo. 25, A. F. A;
A. ]\I. ; a Past Grand of Oriental LtKlge, Xo.
12, L O. 0. F.; Master and Past Chief of Joy
Castle, Xo. 23, K. G. E.; member of AuchoV
Lodge, Xo. 4, A. O. U. W., all of Xewark.
In politics, Mr. Chambers is a stanch Republi-
can; he is a member of the county committee.

On ilarch 14, 1872, in West Chester, Pa.,
John Kinsey Chandjcrs was married to Mary
P., daughter of James and Margaret (ilcMi-
chael) Little, born in ilill Creek hundred.
Mr. and ]\lrs. Chambers are members of Ebe-
nezer il. E. church. Mr. Chambers is a stew-
ard and trustee of the congregation, and treas-
urer of the Sunday-school.

JOnX R. BRIXGIIURST, Marshallton,
Del., son of Joseph and Anna (Richardson)
Bringhnrst, was born in Wilmington, Del.,
January 8, 1845.

The Bringhnrst family is of English de-
scent, and was one of the first to settle in Dela-
ware and Philadelphia. The first of the fam-
ily of whom there is a record was John Bring-
narst, who was born in London, England, and
according to family tradition was a grandson
of Oliver Cromwell, his mother being a
daughter of the Protector. He married in
London, in 1G82, Rosina, widow of John
!Mattern. They were among the many who
held to the stern Puritan faith of the Protec-
tor and his followers, and the Restoration,
with the licentiousness aiul wickedness of the

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4i-:

BTOGRAPinCAL ENCYCLOPEDTA

reign of Cliarlos IT. was abliorrciit to them.
So that soon after tlieir marriage and before
the more beneficent government of AVilliam
of Orange had been made possible by the
"(ilorions Ivcvolutiim of 1GS8," Joiin Hring-
hurst and his wife went over to Holland and
there establislied their home. These children
were born in Ilnlland: I. Rosanna, born June
■ 2S, ICSS; ir. John, born December L'5, IG'JO;
III. Anna, born January 29, 1G93; IV. John
George, born Marcli 15, 109 7.

John Bringliurst, 2, who had embraced the
doctrines of George Fox, came to America
early in the eighteenth century and settled
with othera of his religious belief in Philadel-
phia, lie soon became an intluential citizen
and merchant and owned fleets of ships which
sailed between Philadelphia and the ]3arba-
docs and other West Indian Islands. He was,
also^ an extensive dealer in wines. On Au-
gust 3, 1718, John Bringliurst was married
to ifary, daughter of James and ilary Clay-
pole, of Philadelphia, Pa. Their children
were: I. ilary (Mrs. Judah Foulke), born
Xoveml)er 18, 1720, died 1798; II. John,
born September 9, 1722, died 1789; HI.
Elizabeth, born December 4, 1723, died De-
cember 25, 1790; IV. JaTues, born October
7, 1730, died February 27, 1810; V. Thomas,
born November 17, 1731, died in infancy;
VI. Joseph, born January 20, 1733; VII. De-
borah, born July 15, 1736, died in 1737. Mr.
Bringhurst died July 20, 1750, in the Barba-
does, whither he had gone in the ho])e of re-
gaining his failing health. !Mrs. Bringhurst
died in Philadeljdiia, July 2, 17G1. The
family were all members of the Society of
Friends.

James Bringliurst, great-grandfather of
John li. Bringhurst, was born and educated
in IMiiladelphia, and Itegan his business career
with his father. He was a successful mer-
chant. On February 10, 17(51, James Bring-
hurst married Anna Pole, also a native of
Philadelphia. Their children were: I.John,
born 17C2, died in infancy; II. John, born
April 25, 1764, died June 14, 1800; III.
James, 2, born March 4, 1766, died in Phila-
delidiia, Mav 27, 1818; IV. Josei)h, born
Octolicr 6, 1767, died July 20, 1834; V.
Jonathan, born ilay 8, 1709, died at Kennett
Square, IXovember 9, 1818; VI. Edward, born
December 16, 1770, died September 20,
1794; VIII. Rachel, born in 1775, died in

1777. James Bringhurst died in Philadel-
phia, February 27, IblO. He and his family
Were consistent Friends.

Joseph liriiighurst, grandfather of John K.
Bringhurst, was born in Pliiladcl])hia. \iv
that <'ity he In^gau hi- e<liii'ati(in, while l.onl
Howe was occupying the i)lace with his conli-
deiit and indolent British army. In his early
manhood he stiulied medicine, and began the
l)ractice of his ])rofession in A\'ilmingtoii, Del.
He was also engaged in the drug business in
that city, and built \\\) both a large practice
and an extensive trade. He was one of the
most prominent among the early citizens of
Wilmington, and was associated with the lead-
ers in society, business and politics. He was
of unassuming disposition, but his good judg-
ment and conservative ideas gave him mucli
influence. His politics were of the early Re-
publican or anti-Federalist type; he naturally
passed later into the Democratic or-
ganization. On July 11, 1799, Joseph
Bringhurst was married to Deborah,
daughter of Ziba and Edith (Sharpless) Fer-
ris, born in AVilinington, ilarch 2, 1773.
Their children were: I. William, born Sep-
tember 25, ISOO, died June 14, 1818; II.
Mary Dickinson, born July 4, 1800, married
in Cincinnati, June 28, 1842, to George V.
bloody, a prominent attorney-at-law, of Port
Gibson, Mo., died in 1888; III. Joseph, 3,
born September 20, 1807, died March 14,
1880; IV. Edward, born May 22, 1S09, mar-
ried Sarah Shipley, died February S, 1884;
V. Ziba Ferris, born September 19, 1812,
married Amy Dixon, died ^Marcli 0, lb3G.
Joseph Bringhurst, 2, died in Wilmington,
July 26, 1834; his widow died August 20,
1844; both are buried in the Friends' ceme-
tery in AVilmington.

Joseph Bringhurst, father of John R.
Bringhurst, was born in Wilmington. He
attended the well-known school conducted i)y
John Bullock, the leading teacher of Wil-
mington, and afterwards learned pharmacy
under his father's instructions. After the
death of his father, Joseph Bringhurst, 3, con-
ducted the drug store veiy successfully until
1851, when he retired from the business and
devoted his entire attention to his railroad and
banking interests. He was a stockholder in
the P., W. Sz B. and otlier railroads and in a
number of banking institutions, and was ]iresi-
dent of the Wilmington Saving Fund Society.

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STATE OF Dh'LAWAHE

443

^fr. Eiingluirst was a progressive business
iiKiu and an influential citizen. lie was inter-
ested in all that promised the advancement of
AVihnington, and was honored for his integrity
and for his literary attainments. He was an
undeviating supporter of the Whig, and after-
wards of the Ivepublican parly, but never as-
pired to an office, and was not active in politi-
cal matters. On October G, 1S42, Joseph
Bringhnrst, 3, was married to Anna, daughter
of John and ^largaret (Paxson) Ivichardsou,
born in "Wilmington, August 11, 18 IC. They
had children: I. John li.; II. Margaret K.,
born November 13, 1847; III. Anna, l)oru
October 9, 185G, died May 10, 1878. Mi:
Bringliurst died in Wilmington, March 14,
18S0; his widow died ]\Iay 28, IBS!); both
were buried in the Wilmington and Brandy-
Avine cemetery. Mv. Bringhnrst was a nu^m-
ber of the Society of Friends.

Jolin B. Bringhui'st was early enrolled as
a pupil in the Friends' School of Wilmington,
and afterwards attended Ilaverford College,
near Bhiladel]ihia, Pa., from which he was
graduated in 1SG5. It was his desire to live
\ipon and manage a fanu, and he pui'chased
103 acres of land in Bethel township, Dela-
ware county, Ba., where he resided until he
sold tlie land in 1874. Then he removed to
ilarshallton, and purchased the rolling and
grist mill of J. ^Marshall & Co. lie made ex-
tensive improvements there, and operated the
mill luitil 1894, when he formed the ^Marsliall-
ton Iron and Steel Co. He was elected presi-
dent of the Company and continues in that
office to this time.

On February 17, 1870, in AVilmington,
John B. Bringliurst was married to Elizal)eth,
daughter of Joseph and Sarah (Bichardson)
Tatnall, born in Wilmington, Sejiteinber 29,
1847. Their children are: I. Joseph, born
September 15, 1871, in Delaware county, Pa.,
educated at the Friends' school in Wilming-
ton, and at Swarthmore College, and gradu-
ated from the medical dejiartnu'ut of the Uni-
versity of Pennsylvania, in Philadeljjhia, in
1 898," married Helen N. Wilson, of Darling-
ton, ild.; IT. Frederick, born in Wilmington,
December 12, 1873, educated in the Friends'
school in Wilmington, is manager of the ilar-
shallton Iron and Steel Co. Elizabeth Bring-
hui-st died January 19, 1874. On June IG,
1881, ]\Ir. Bringhnrst married Annie S.
Stokes, born in Louisville, Ky., ifarcli 10,

18UG. They had one child, Margaret, born
April 1, 1SS2. 31 rs. Annie S. IJriughurst
died in .Marshallton, April 23, 1882. Mr.
IJringlnu-st married as his third wife Esther
11. A\'ilson. The cereiinuiy was perfonned
in Darlington, ]\[d., April 20, 1887. They
have one child, .John II., 2, b<irn Septendjcr
27, 1895. ilr. Bringhnrst is a nieuiber of the
Soeietv of Friends.

IIABVEY T. BiVLDWIN, P. 0. Choate,
New Castle county, Del., son of William and
Louise A. (ifoore) Baldwin, was born in Mill
( 'reek huiulred, New Castle county, Del., Sep-
tember 9, ISGO.

ilr. Baldwin's ancestors were of English
origin, and the family comprises some of the
uuist influential peojile of ]\Iill Creek liun-
dren. Before the Bevolutionary war, three
brothers, John, Francis and William Baldwin,
came to America from England. John and
William settled in Chester county, while
Francis Baldwin was not far away in New
Castle county, Del., close to the Pennsyl\-ania
line. All engaged in fanning.

William Baldwin, great-grandfather of
Henry T. Baldwin, was born in M\][ Creek
hundred. New Castle county. There he pur-
chased a tract of land near Centreville, in
Christiana hundred, which lie and his brother
cultivated until his death. He was a follower
of Washington and Hamilton in the bitterly
contested political struggles attending the or-
ganization of the United States government.
He married, and had two children: I. Be-
becca (ifrs. Samuel Baldwin), who removed
to the state of Indiana; II. AVilliam, 2.

William Baldwin, 2, was born in Christi-
ana hundred. New ( 'astle county. Six months
after his birth his father died, and following
close xipon this misTortune occurred the death
of his mother. He was adopted into the fam-
ily of AVilliam Moore, a well-known citizen of
ilill Creek hundred, and was given all the ad-
vantages that he could have enjoyed at the
hands of his parents. He learned blacksmith-
iiig with Mr. ]\Ioore, and f(jllowed that tratle
for a number of years. In his later life he
purchased lOS acres of land near Ebenezer M.
E. church, in Mill Creek hundred, and farmed
there, besides carrying on the business of his
smithy, until his death. He made many im-
])r<ivements ujion his land, and was a practi-

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444

BIOORAPHWAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

cal, successful farmer, whose industry and ex-
ample promoted the advancement of the hun-
dred. ]\Ir. Baldwin was widely known as
Captain Baldwin, because in the war of 1812
ho raised a Delaware company of soldiers,
which was stationed for duty at New Castle.
In jiolitics he was a AVhig. Captain Baldwin
was twice married. Ilis first wife was jNfary
'Donald, of ]\Iill Creek hundred; their only
child died in infancy, and ^Irs. ilary Tiahlwin
died soon after her marriage. Captain Bald-
win then marriedj in Kcnihlesville, ( 'hcster
county. Pa., Ann, daugliter of Isaac and Sarah
(JIcLane) Kemble. Her father \\as tiie
founder of Kemblesville. The children of
this marriage were: T. AVilliani, ;5; If.
Sarah A. (Mrs. John Ball), mother of Drs.
Lewis ITeisler and John Ball, of ]ilill Creek
hundred; I IT. Lewis Kemble, Ph. I)., de-
ceased; IV. Joseph McLanc, died youjig; ^ .
]\[ary Elizabeth (ilrs. William Eastburn), of
Mill Creek hundred; VI. George, died in in-
fancy. Captain Baldwin died on his farm in
1854; his widow died at the home of her
daughter, ifrs. Ball, in 1860; both are buried
in the "Wliite Clay Creek Presbyterian church-
yard.

William Baldwin (3), father of Harvey T.
Baldwin, was born in !Mill Creek hundred.
He received a good common school education,
and immediately engaged in farming for his
father. Some years later, he leased another
farm in Mill Creek hundred, and culti\-ated
it until the death of his father, when he re-
turned to the home farm of 100 acres. In
18(18 he sold that tract of laiul, and removed
to a farm on the New Pun road in Chester
county, Pa., where he died. He was a Demo-
crat. William Baldwin, 3, married in West
Chester, Pa., Louise A., daughter of Thomas
]\Ioore, a well-known blacksmith of ]\Iill
Creek hundred, New Castle county. Their
children are: I. xVnna May, died in infancy;
II. Laura (ifrs. Thomas Ilarkness), of Jlill
Creek hundred; III. Harvey T.; IV. L. Elma
(Mrs. Henry C. Nelson), of St. George's hun-
dred; V. William, 4, died ii\ infancy; VI.
Alva, died in infancy; VIL Eva L.;'VIII.
Ida L. ^fr. I^aldwin died on his farm in
Chester county, May 4, 1886, and is buried in
tlie White Clay Creek PresV)yterian clnirch-
yard^ He was a member of the Presbyterian
church. ]\rrs. Baldwin resides in Wilming-
ton, Del.; she is highly esteem'^'' ^' -r her kind-

ly qualities, and is a mend)er of the Presby-
terian church.

Harvey T. Baldwin attended the public
schools of ilill Creek Inuulreil and Chester
county, Pa. Fntil he was eighteen years old
he remaiiu'd with his jjarents on their farm.
Then he apprenticed himself to J. H. AVehb,
miller, of Doe Pun, Chei^ter county, and com-
])leted his course of training in the West
(irove mills, owned by Isaac lilartin. As a
journeyman, he was emjiloyed in the (Jiun-
tree ]\lills, and at the age of twenty-two, he
leased the mill o\vned by Pichard Landnu'u
in Chester county. A 3'ear later he went to
the Gumtree Mills for two years, and in 1885,
he purchased the Lamburn Jfills, in which he
made a number of improvements; for three
years he operated the mills successfully, and
then disposed of them. Mr. Baldwin then re-
moved to Newark, and afterward to Wilming-
ton, where he was employed as miller in Lea's
mills for five ycare. Having a desire to be-
come a locomotive engineer, he secured a po-
sition as fireman on the P., W. & B. P. P.,
but after six months relinquished it, and re-
turned to nulling. For three years he oper-
ated the Greenbanb mills and in 1897 Iciosed
the ]\Iilltown mills. A year later, he pur-
chased the Ped mills and is now engaged in
making many improvements in them. ]\Ir.
Baldwin is a member of Delaware Lodi^e, No
5, A. O. U. W., of Wilmington. He is a
Democrat, and in 1897 wa.s apjjointed tax col-
lector for ]\rill Creek hundred by the Levy
Court.

On Noveml)er 19, 1891, in Wilmingtiui,
Harvey T. Baldwin was married to Ella P.,
daughter of Peter A. and Pachcl A. (Niehids)
Chandler, born in Centreville, Del. Her
father is a well-known farmer of Christiana
hundred. Jlr. and ]\Irs. Baldwin have chil-
dren: I. William C; IL IL Lewis; III.
Pachel E.; IV. Louisa A. M.

THO^^IAS JEFFEPSON JfOOPE, son
of William and Pachel (Bonlden) Moore, was
born on the ]\roore reserve, in ilill Creek luui-
dred, New Castle county, Del., October 17,
1809. He was educated in the subscription
schools of the hundred, and at the age of sev-
enteen was apprenticed to William Baldwin,
blacksmith. Ho became a skilful workman
and for fifty yeai-s the forges in the ]\Ioorc
shops were never idle. iMr. Moore was also.

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>i f

STATE OF DELAWARE

445

a successful farmer. Having by prudence and
close attention to business acquired a compe-
tence, lie retired from active life in 18S0. ]\Ir.
iloore is one of tlie oldest citizens of ]\Iill
Creek hundred, where he is highly esteemed.
]Iis fellow citizens, appreciating his good
judgment and business ability, have called
upon hiui to till various offices. He has served
as censas enumerator of ilill Creek lumdrcd
^1870; as tax collector of the liundred for
two years; and as treasurer of lYew Castle
county from 1850 to 1852. 'Mr. ^Moore
-cast his first vote for General Jackson,
and his last vote for William McKiidcy.
Thomas Jefferson Moore was married, at New
London, Chester county, Pa., April IS, 1833,
to Lydia C, daughter of William and Eliza-
beth (Manscl) Besson, who was born in ]\[ill
Creek hundred, Islnj 16, 1813. Their chil-
dren are: I. Jacob, born April 16, 1834; II.
Louise, born December 14, 1835, widow of
William Baldwin, Wilmington; III. Sarah
Ann, widow of Henry Whiteman, born No-
vember 6, 1S37; IV. ]\Iary E., deceased wife
of Andrew J. Whiteman, born January ti,
1S40, died November 25, 1866; V. Thomas
Jefferson, born September IS, 1841, died
April 20, 1842; VL Lydia, born March 27,
1843, married first to James Alcorn, and_ after

his death to Ivirkpatrick, of Illinois;

VII. Bachel J. (Mrs. Joseph Chambers), born
Septendier 30, 1845, died Sejitember 5, 1874;
Till. Harriet Frances Ann (^Irs. Charles E.
Lewis), born April 30, 1848; IX. Susan (:\rrs.
Andrew J. Whiteman), born ^May 8, 1850;
X. John Thonuis, farmer, bom !March 12,
1852; XI. and XII. twins, Ida (Mrs. William
Little), of ]\Iill Creek hundred, and Eva (^Irs.
AVilliam Chandler), of Stanton, Del., born
January 25, 1854; XIII. Essie Elma (Mrs.
James Little). IMrs. l^^oore died in 1881 and
is buried in the cemetery of the Presbyterian
church in AVhite Clay Creek hundred. Mr.
!Moore resides with his son J. Thomas
iloore; ho is surrounded by his family and en-
joys the presence and affection of his forty
grandchildren, and thirty-three great-grand-
children.

JOSEPH C. RANKIN, P. O., Newark,
Del., son of Josejih and Sarah (Crawford)
Kankin, was born in !Mill Creek hundred. New
Castle county, Del., in October, 1824.

The history of the White Clay Creek and

^lili Creek hundreds in New Castle county
begins with the advent of the Eankin family,
many years before the Pevolutionary war.
That history would lose uuuiy of its salient
features by the omission of the stury of the
fructifying of the wilderness, and the intro-
duction of Christian preaching and Christian
living by the earliest immigrants of the Ban-
kin name. Joseph Bankin was the first of his
family to settle in New Castle county. He
came from his birth place near the Clyde, in
Scotland, to Delaware, and brought with him
his wife and children, a rugged constitution
and an indomitable will, his Bible and the
memory of the teachings of John Knox. He
was one of the earliest white settlers of White
(.'lay Creek hundred, and chose for his habita-
tion a pleasant spot near the Head of Chris-
tiana. Here he became the owner of a large
'tract of land, and immediately began its inr-
provement. As that section of Delaware
liad not been invaded by the colonists before,
]\[r. Bankin's undertaking was of great mag-
nitude, but by indefatigable labor he cleared
the greater part of the land and made it pro-
ductive. Where the sound of his ax was heard
went up also the music of the psalm; ilr.
Bankin was one of the founders of the Head
of Christiana Presbyterian church, to which
he was a liberal contributor, for to bis mind,
civilization advanced in a halting manner, if
not directed by Christian thotight and prin-
ciples. ^Ir. Bankin possessed much force of
character, and impressed bis upright manner
of life and his solicitude for the advancement
of the Christian religion upon those who were
in close fellowship with him. His descend-
ants furnished many pioneers in the settle-
ment"of the Great West, and with them they
always carried their religion. ^Many of them
have been ministers in the Presbyterian
church. Mr. Bankin died on his farm about
1760, and was buried in the graveyard at the
Head of Christiana creek.

'J'homas Bankin, son of the pioneer Bankin
in Delaware, and grandfather of Joseph C.
Baldwin, was born on the Bankin homestead
ill White Clay Creek hundred. He was a
farmer, and owned a tract of 300 acres of land
near the ]\Iill Creek line. During the Bevo-
lutionary war be organized a company of
Delaware soldiers, whose services were ac-
cepted by General Washington. 'Mr. Bankin
was cajtlain of the cuuipany, and he and his

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446

BIOGRArillCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

men distinguished themselves in the struggtle
for liberty. la the Revolutionary lunials of
Delaware, the name of Captain Thomas Kan-
kin has a well earned place. Ar the conclu-
sion of tlie war he returned to his farm, where
he died. Captain l{aid<in was a stanch sup-
])orter of Jefferson, and was nominated by the
.early Kepubliean party for the Delaware
legislature, but was defeated at the polls.
Thomas Eankin mariied, in ilill Creek hun-
dred, Miss ^lontgomery, a native of New
Castle county. They had children: I. Joseph,
3; II. Hannah; ill. ilontgoniery, died in
Xcw York; IV. ]\Iargaret; V. Thomas, mar-
ried Sarah Crawford, and had nine cliildren.
Cai)tain IJankin was a consistent member of
the Presbyterian church, and was buried with
military honors in the grave of his father in
the Head of Christiana graveyard. Ilis widow
died on the farm, and was buried in the same
graveyard.

Josepli Rankin, 3, father of Joseph C. Ran-
kin, was born at Rankin's ilills now known
as Tweed mills, in White Clay Creek hundred.
AVhen he was ten years old, his, father died,
and for years after Joseph's home was with
his uncle, Juseph Rankin, 2, on the 300-acre
fann which is now owned by Josepli C. Ran-
kin ; here he remained until his uncle's death.
He then continued to direct the farm, and
made extensive improvements upon the prop-
erty, including a fine stone dwelling house,
erected in 1S30, substantial barns, etc. Joseph
Rankin, 3, was a successful farmer, and raised
much live stock; he also experimented in fruit
culture on a large scale, with gratifying re-
sults. Mr. Rankin was a private in the war of
1812, and was stationed at New Castle. lie
was a diligent student of books, and 'kept
himself well informed as to current events.
He was a Democrat. Joseph Rankin, 3, mar-
ried in ]\Iill Creek hundred, Sarah, daughter
of Robert Crawford, a native of Delaware and
a prominent farmer and Presbyterian of ^Mill
Creek hundred. Their children are: I.
Elizaheth Ann, deceased; II. Rebecca, de-
ceased; III. Robert T., deceased; IV. Saraii
(ilrs. James Spnno-er), of Newark, widow;
V. Joseph C; VI. Margaret, who resides with
Joseph C. Rankin as his housekeeper. 'Slv.
Rankin died on his farm in ISOO, and was
buried in the Head of Christiana churchyard.
He was an active lavman in the Presbyterian
church, ^frs. Rankin died in 1S4-J and was

interred in the same burial ground. She was
a faithful member of the AVhite Clay Creek
Presbyterian church.

Joseph C. Rankin was educated in the pub-
lic sciioois of ililford X Roads and in
Newark Academy, under I'roft'ssor Craham.
He has always been a fanner, and has never
lived elsewhere than on the farm he now
owns. Until his father's death he resided
with him, and after his death acquired the
title to the i)roperty. He devotes much at-
tention to stock raising and fruit culture. He
is an unassuming man, but highly respected
for his sterling character. In politics he is a
Democrat, but has never sought office, nor
would accept one. He is a member of the
Grange, ilr. Rankin has never married and
his household is cared for by his sister, iliss
]\rargie, who with kindly activity, devotes her-
self to her brother's interests. Both attend
the Presbyterian church.

PHILIP CHANDLER, P. O. IIockes>in,
New ( 'astle county, Del., son of Spencer and
Eliza II. (Wilson) Chandler, was born in Mill
Creek hundred, Ne^v Castle county, August
30, 18-17.

The Chandler name is of English origin,
an<l signifies Handler, or dealer. It was not
an unusual patronymic in England; and many
of the name were Eriends, who bore most
noble testimony to the fervor and depth o^
their religious convictions during the perse-
cutions which arose against them in the lat-
ter part of the seventeenth century. It is not
positively known whether these disturbances
influenced George and Jane Chandler, the an-
cestors of the wide-spread family to which
Philip Chandler belongs, to expatriate them-
selves or whether they simply sought the New
"World as a place of wider opportunities, mure
promising for the future of their children. Ik'
that as it may, it is well established that they
left their home, Greathodge, Wiltshire, Eng-
land, in 1C87; that in the neighboring parish
of Wilcott, there are records by which the his-
tory of their family may be traced back to
the year 15GS; that these pioneers embarked
for America with their personal effects, and
accompanied by eight cliildren, and most
probably by the elder brother of George
Chandler, whose name was John; and tliat
George Chandler died during their oocan mv-
age, December 13, IHSV. There is a tradi-

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J •. )

STATE OF DEL AM' A HE

417

tion that Jane Chaiuller and her children,
landing on the spot where Williuui Penu was
aljont rearing his city of brotherly love, occu-
jiied for some time a cave in the vicinity, and
that she received from the neighboring In-
dians not only sympathy, but such simple and
kindly otljL'rings of venison, fruit, etc., as aided
materially in supplying her frugal larder. An-
other and perhaps more probable tradition is,
that a settler kindly allowed her the use of
it dwelling, until he was able to bring his
family from the mother country. But the
first permanent residence of the family was
in Chichester township, then of Chester, now
of Delaware count}', Pennsj'lvania, where
they bought land in the ilarch following their
arrival in America.

Of the children of George and Jane Chand-
ler, the eldest, George, was apprcnticcil to
lulward Eezer in March, 1G90, for a term
of two years and five months; he subsequently
married Kuth, sister of Edward Eezer, and
continued to reside on the homestead until his
death in ITlo; II. Jane, the elder daughter,
was married in 1G93 to Robert JefFeris, re-
sided for ab(jut eight yeare in Chichester, and
afterwards in East Bradford township, Ches-
ter county; their daughter. Charity, was mar-
ried to f'opc, and she and her hus-

Ijand became the ancestors of a numerous and
honorable posterity; III. Swithin, born June
21, 1G7-1, the only member of the family
whose date of birth is now known, nmmed a
lady wliose family name is not recorded, but
who.-e ( 'hristian name was Ann; he resided be-
fore the year 1~1?>Z in Birmingham township,
C'hester county, Pa., and was in 1710 consta-
ble for the township; he died about 1712,
leaving several children, and has many de-
scendants; 1\'. Thomas, who married ]\rary,
daughter of Kichard ^Nfankin, of New Castle
coimty, Del., bought land in connection with
his brother Swithin, just within the northern
boundary of Delaware, and resided there,
owned in partnership with the same brother
a mill pro]ierty on Beaver creek, was for about
twenty yeai-s a member of the provincial leg-
islature of Pennsylvania, lived to a venerable
age, dying in the year 1701, aiid leaving no
children, but. was survived by his wife; V.
AVilliam, the youngest son, married in 1712
.\nn. daughter of John anil Frances Bowater,
of Middlct.iwn ti.iwnship, was a sliocniakri\
and owned land in Chichester township, \u-.w

the ori^nal homestead, but removed aliout
1722 to an estate of 100 acres which he pur-
chased in London Grove township, and died in
17HJ, leaving several children; \'i. Charity;
\\\, Ann, the youngest child of (Jeorge and
Jane Chandler, married first Samuel Pobins,
of Philadelphia, and after his death, married
George J(jnes, as is supposed, in 1728, died
August 10, 1758, leaving the following chil-
dren by her first marriage, i. Samuel, who

died before 17(J0, ii. (]\Irs. Blaith-

waite Jones), iii. Sarah (Mrs. Abraham
ilitchell), iv. Mary (Mrs. Thomas Stretch). A
daughter, Anne (Mrs. Henry Chads), mar-
ried in 1738, was deceased and left a son,
Henry Chads, Jr., who became an otlicer in
the British navy. Jane Chandler, the
widowed mother of the above family, was
twice married after settling in America, first
to AVilliam llawkes, and after his death to
James Bayliss. The numerous dt'scen<lants
of George and Jane Chandler are scattered
throughout the se\eral states, and widely con-
nected; besides the families above mentioned
as having intermarried with them, we may
luune the Parrish family, to which the late
Joseph Parrish, if. D., and his son Dillwyn
Parrish, of Philadelphia, belonged, the llar-
veys, the Shortlidges, Craigs, Yarnalls, Dar-
lingtons and others.

Inheriting the moderation condtined with
decision that characterizes Friends, the Chand-
lers have always maintained a dignified and in-
fluential position in society, through their c\dt-
lu'e and intelligence. .Many of them have
been distinguished ]n'ofessional men. One of
the family, Elizabeth ilargaret Chandler,
wlio died in early womanhood, was endowed
with poetical talent which, had her powers
reached their full dcveloi)ment, would doubt-
less have placed her among the most distin-
guished writers of America. She was born
near Wilmington, Del., December 21, 1S07,
daughter of Thomas Chandler, and was edu-
cated at the Friends' school, in Philadelphia.
A collection of her works was pul)lished in
that city in 1836, two years after her death,
which occurred in 1834, Novcndier 22, at Te-
cuniseh, ^lich., after a residence of four years
in that ])lace. Her warm heart and keen sense
of honor and justice led her to employ her
gifts largely in aiding the anti-.->laverv cause.

The lin(>s of descent from George, second
child, and Swithin. third child of Ceurge

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448

BIOGRAPHICAL ENOYCLOnWIA

and Jane Chandler, were united in the chil-
dren of Isaac Chandler, great-grandfather of
Spencer Chandler. His parents were (ieorge,

3, and Esther (Taylor) Chandler, who were
married in 1724, and his paternal grandpar-
ents were George 2, and Knth (Bczer) Chand-
ler, married in 1G98. Isaac Chandler was
Lorn in ]\Iill Creek hundred Octoher 3(1, 1732,
and married Esther, daughter of Swithin, 2,
and Ann Wilson Chandler; she was born July

4, 1740. Swithin (!handler, 2, born October
1, 1715, was the sixth child of Swithiu and
Ann Chandler. Isaac and Esther (Chandler)
Chandler were accordingly buth great-grand-
children of the original emigrants. Their
children were: I. Spencer; II. Susanna (Mrs.
Abraham Darlington), born October 10,
17G0, was the mother of Judge Darlington;
III. Esther, born November G,"l702, died Oc-
tober 30, 1764; IV. George, born October
21, 17(34, died in Ohio, September 10, 1823;
V. Jonathan, born February 21, 17(J7, date
of death not known; VI. Swithin, 3, born
April 1, 17C9, died March IS, 1839, man-ied
Ann, daughter of Abram aiul !Mary (Ileald)
Gregg, had eleven children, among whom was
Abraham Chandler, of ililltown; VIT.
Joshua, born ilarch 23, 1771, died July 11,
1708; VIII. Jacob, bom June 20, 1773, re-
moved to the south; IX. Ann (ilrs. George
Smith), born July 13, 1775, date of death un-
known; X. Hannah (Mi-s. John Woodward),
born INfarch 21, 1770, died October 4, 1820;
XL Phebe (Mrs. Levis Lamborn), born Decem-
ber 15, 1781, was the mother of Chandler
Land)orn, died October 13, 1804; XIL ilar-
garet (]\Irs. John Gray), born January 15,
1785, died in Pennsylvania. Isaac Chandler
died on his farm near Hockessin, where he
had resided throughout his life, prosperously
engaged in tilling the soil; his death occurred
April 0, 1802; his remains, and those of his
wife were interred in the Friends' burial
ground at Hockessin. They were members of
the Society of Friends; ilrs. Chandler, who
was endowed with rare force of character and
intellecttial powers, was a speaker in its meet-
ings.

Their eldest son, Spencer Chandler, was
born in Mill Creek Innidred, January 23,
1759. lie was educated in the Friends' school,
the best institution of its kind in that section
of Delaware, and was afterwards apjirenticed
to Kobert Lamborn, blacksmith, of Kennett

Square, Pa. He became expert in nail-mak-
ing, and made that branch of the business his
si)ec)alty. During the Pevolution he re-
nuiiued in the smithy, being conscientiously
opposed to the war, Init his services were fre-
quently called into requisition by the Conti-
nental soldiers. JMany years after the war,
]Mr. Chandler relinquished his trade, and ]^ui--
chased from Jacob Way a farm of 127 acres
near Hockessin, the same land tipon which his
grandson, Spencer Chandler, 2, now resides;
upon this farm he made many improvements,
erecting a stone dwelling in 1801, a barn, and
other buildings. He was prosperous in farm-
ing and raising stock. !^Ir. Chandler was a
Federalist in the early days of the Itepublic,
and later supported the Whig party. Spencer
Chandler was married, on his own farm, to
Kuth (Tate) Dixon, born January 30, 1759;
sho was the widow of Isaac Dixon. Their
children were: I. Philip; 11. Esther, and III.
Isaac, both of whom died j'oung. ^Irs.
Chandler died ^lay 13, 1828; her husbaiul
survived her untd August 20, 1841, when he,
too, died on the farm; they were Friends and
were buried in the family lot in the graveyard
of Hockessin meeting.

Philip Chandler, the eldest of their fam-
ily, was liorn August 6, 1784, and was edu-
cated in the Friends' school at Hockessin. He
resided on the homestead, and was an exten-
sive stock raiser and cultivator of grain. He
was a director and stockholder in the Xewjiort
and Gap turnpike. Philip Chandler was mar-
rieil to Hannah, daughter of John E. Dixon,
born at Ashland 'SH\\<, ]\[ill Creek hundred.
Their children were: T. Ruth Anna, de-
ceased; II. ]\rary Dixon (Mrs. ifarshall Yeat-
man); III. Sjiencer, 2; IV. Esther, died in
infancy. Phili)) Chandler died on his farm,
July 30, 1842, and his wife died September
7, 1857; they were members of the Society of
Friends, and were interred at Hockessin, in
the Societj-'s burial grcjund.

Spencer Chandler was educated in the pub-
lic schools of Hockessin and the Friends'
school at Gwynedd, ilontgomery county. Pa.,
of which Joseph Foulk, a Quaker preacher,
was then principal. Ever since he left schoul,
^Ir. Chandler has resided upon the homestead.
Upon the death of his father, which occurred
when Spencer was nineteen years of age, the
charge of the farm and the care of his
■widowed mother devolved upon him. In

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' T/' . . .!

ii ,-■'!

STATE OF DELAWARE

449

1846 he inmxleled the niunsion lioiise and
added iiiaiiy iinin-oveuients to the farm. 1\It.
Cluaidler has always been active and indus-
trious. In addition to the management of liis
farm, he lias operated the Ashland flouring
mills for four years, conducted a store in
llockessin, and attended to his mining inter-
ests in Chester county, Pa. He is president
of the Farmers' National Fire Insurance Co.,
of ]\Iill Creek hundred; was school commis-
sioner of the hundred, and was a commission-
er of the Levy Court from 1858 to 18G2.
After numy years thus diligently, honorably
and usefully employed, Mr. Chandler has re-
tired from active participation in business life,
and, with his excellent and hospitable wife,
is enjoying v;ell-earned leisure, sweetened by
the esteem and respect of a large circle of
friends and neighbors. Originally a Whig,
]\[r. Chandler transferred his support to the
Tiepublican party, at the time of its organi-
zation.

On November 18, 1846, Spencer Chandler
was married to Eliza II., daughter of David
and Sarah flladlcy) AVilson,"of Mill Creek
liundri'd. Their children are: I. Philip,
born August GO, 1847, educated in New Cas-
tle county, now cultivates the home farm,
was elected a road commissioner on the Pe-
pulilican ticket, is energetic and influential;
II. Sarah AV. (^Irs. George Lacy), of Kansas,
Las five children; III. Anna P. (ilrs. Thomas
Jackson), of Fort Wayne, Ind.; IV. Phebe II.
C\h-A. Norwood Palmer), died in llockessin;
V. Spencer P., 3, general mercliant and post-
master at llockessin, married Phebe IT.
Shai'pless, has two children, i. Mary P., ii.
Celia ^Margaret. All the family belong to the
Society of Friends.

!Mrs. Eliza IT. (Wilson) Chandler is a de-
scendant of Christopher Wilson, an early set-
tler iif ^fill Creek hundred, whose farm was
situated near llockessin. There he lei] the
tranquil life of one devoted to agricultural
pursuits, and at his death was interred in the
burial ground at llockessin meeting. His son
James Wilson, succeeded him in the posses-
sion of the farm, and in flie even tenor of a
well-ordered, upright and industrious life.
Stephen, son of James AVilson, was born on
the same farm, Septendier 30, 1762, passed
liis life in the same occupation as that of his
forefathers, died on the homestead August 28,
1S20, and was interred in the same time-hon-

ored place of burial. Ilis first wife was
Lydia Pusey, who was born Noveudier 0,
1772, and died November 1, ISIO; they luul
five children, as follows: I. David, born Oc-
tober 20, 17'J5; II. Jonathan, born ]\Tay 13,
17'J8; III. Pussey, bom September 13, ISOO,
was killed by the kick of a horse April 25,
1818; IV. Sarah (Mrs. Jacob Ileald), burn
September 5, 1803; V. James, born Septem-
ber 28, 1806. Stephen Wilson's .second mar-
riage was with Alice (Jackson) Chandler,
widow of Jesse Chandler, born June 2G, 1775,
died Decemljer 13, 1856.

I])avid Wilson, eldest son of Stejjhen Wil-
son, was the father of ^Mrs. I^liza II. Chand-
ler. Porn on the Wilson homestead, and well
educated in the Friends' school at llockessin
he followed the quiet and dignified way of liv-
ing that characterized his ancestors, cultivat-
ing throughout his life his patrimony of 175
acres, and dying on his farm, full of yeai-s and
of honor, June 25, 1869. He was first mar-
ried in Chester county, Pa., to Sarah, daugh-
ter of Simon Iladley; she was a native of New
Castle county. Their children are: I.
Stephen, born August 19, 1822, resides on the
homestead; II. Phebe II., born March 16,
1824, died in 1870; III. Eliza A. (Mrs. Spen-
cer Chandler), born February 28, 1826; IV.
Lydia (ilrs. John Lee Cowgill), widow, bora
August 15, 1828; V. Iladley, born April 7,
1831, died January 24, 1832. IMrs. Sarah
Wilson died February 8, 1844. The second
wife of David Wilson was Eliza Pidgway,
of New Jersey. ^Mr. Wilson adhered to the
Whig party.

TAYLOP S. ]\TITCIIELL, M. D., llockes-
sin, Del., son of Stephen and Elizabeth (Tay-
lor) j\Titchell, was born in ]\Iill Creek hun-
dred, New Castle county, Del., January 26,
1853.

The ilitchell family is of English descent,
of the Quaker faith, and one of the oldest and
most prominent in ]\Iill Creek hundred.
Thomas ^Mitchell, great-grandfather of Dr.
Tavlor S. ]\Iitehell, was the first of the family
to settle in Delaware. lie was born in I'ucks
county. Pa., where he received a good Eng-
ish education, and came to this state in 1796.
He purchased a tract of one hundred acres of
land near the North Star school house in Mill
Creek hundred, and spent the remainder tif
his days in its cultivation. He made many

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450

BIOGRAFIUOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

improvements upon liis farm, crooting a large
stone house in 180-4, a barn, etc. lie pros-
pered in his Delaware home and became an
influential citizen. In polities he was a Fed-
eralist. Thomas ^Mitchell married, in Bucks
county, and had children a.s follows: 1. Han-
nah (Mi-s. Joseph Chambei-s), of New (lardcn
,township, Chester county, I'a.; 11. Joseph.
!Mr. ^Mitchell died on his farm and was buried
in the Friends' gTaveyard in Ilockessin. lie
was a meudjer of the Society of Friends.

Joseph Mitchell, grandfather of Dr. ilitch-
ell, was born in Bucks co\inty, Pa., in 17S3.
lie was thirteen years old when his father re-
f moved to ^lill Creek hundred, and the boy re-
ceived a comprehensive education in this hun-
dred, lie devoted himself to the cidtivation
of the soil, and became an extensive land
owner. At the time of his death he was in
possession of more than three hundred acres.
He was highly esteemed for his industry and
liis many other good qmilities. Joseph ilitch-
ell married Sarah Harlan, of ilill creek hun-
dred. Their children were: I. Elizabeth
(,Mrs. Daniel Cawthrop), deceased; 1 1.
Thcimas, deceased; III. Stephen, deceased;
IV. Ilanna (Mrs. Samuel Cranston), died in
Stanton, Del.; V. John, deceased; VI. Abner,
deceased; VII. Joseph, 2; VIII. Sarah (.Mrs.
Stephen Wilson); three children died young.
Mi-A. Sarah ilitchell died :\Iay 14, 1S31, and
!Mr. ^litchell married, as his second wife,
ilartha Dickson, of New Castle comity. ]\Ir.
[Mitchell died April 2C, 1S7G, aged ninety-
three 3'cars; !Mrs. ilitchell died in ISiiG.
Both were members of the Society of Friends,
and were buried in the Friends' graveyard at
Ilockessin.

Stephen Mitchell, father of Dr. Taylor S.
[Mitchell, was born on the homestead farm in
]\Iill Creek Inmdred, January 20, 1814. lie
acquij-ed his rudimentary education in the
public schools of the hinulred, and assisted lijs
father on his farm until his marriage. Then
he began farming for himself on a tract of
ninety-seven acres, a portion of the homestead,
and remained there nearly all his life. In his
latter years he removed to the neighborhnod
of Ilockessin, purchased the Caleb lleald
place, and there died. He was a well-to-do
farmer and a respected citizen. In his early
political views he was a Whig, and was after-
wards a Republican, and was never a seeker
after office. Stephrn [Mitchell married, in

Philadelphia, Pa., Elizabeth, daughter of
Sanmel and Mary (Cloud) Taylor, born in
ilill Creek hundred. Ihey had one child,
Taylor S. Mitchell. ]\Irs. Elizabeth ilitchell
died in 18r)rj and was buried in the Friends'
graveyard in Ilockessin. ^Ir. [Mitchell after-
ward married Lydia Taylor, a sister of his first
wife. Tliey had one cliild, [Mary E. (iMrs.
Harvey Flinu), of Mill Creek hundred, ilr.
Mitchell died on January 1(1, IS'Ja, and was
buried in the Friends' cemetery in Ilockessin.
He was a member of the Society of Friends.
Mrs. [Mitchell is still living in 'M\\\ Creek hun-
dred.

Taylor S. ^Mitchell attended the North Star
pulilic schools of [Mill Creek, and afterward
T. Clarkson Taylor's academy in Wilmington.
He began the study of medicine with Dr. D.
W. [Maull, in Wilmington, and, in 1872, en-
tered Jefferson [Medical College, in Philadel-
phia, from which institution he was gradu-
ated with honor in 1875. He returned to his
home and practiced his profession there for
eighteen months, after which he removed to
Kennett Square, Chester county. Pa. In
1870 he came to Ilockessin and during the
past nineteen years has built Tip a large prac-
tice here and in the vicinity, extending into
Chester county. Dr. Mitchell is a skilt'ul
physician, well read, cultured, and of agree-
able manners. He has erected on his property
one of the finest mansions in the county. It
is constructed of cut stone, fitted up with all
modern improvements and conveniences. Ho
is interested in farming, and cultivates the
old home farm, which is now in his possession.
Dr. [[Mitchell is a member of the Delaware
State Medical Society and has been a school
commissioner of Ilockessin for seventeen
years. He is a Pepublican.

Dr. Taylor S. [Mitchell married, in Kennett
township, Chester county. Pa., [Mary, daugh-
ter of Thomas S. and [Mary (Way) ]\Iai-shall.
Her parents were natives of Chester county,
and members of the Society of Friends, and
her father was a farmer. Dr. and [ilrs. [Mitch-
ell have children: I. Elizalicth T., a stu.lent
in the Friends' School at Wilmington; II.
Edith, also attending the Friends' School; HI.
Ella ]\r., at public school. Dr. [Mitchell and
wife are nieuibers of the Society of Friends.

WILLIA^r PAILEY JACKSON, Ilock-

,siii. New Ca-tle countv, Di'l., son of J<dnL

on

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1)11 • tr i

STATE OF DELAWAEE

451

G. and Elizabeth (Bailey) Jackson, was Lorn
at !^^aple Lawn fanii, Mill Creek Inindi-L-d,
Xew Castle county, Del., July 13, lS4o.

The armorial bearings of the Jaoksons,
"the greyhound and the dolphin, swiftness by
land and sea," indicate the jxisition held by
tlie family in the age when this crest was won.
The Jaoksons were noted as men of strong re-
ligious convictions and independence of char-
acter. Soon- the sword was laid aside, and the
name occurs again and again on the roll of the
preachers and prominent leaders in the So-
ciety of Friends. Nor was it only as Friends
that they siiffercd in the cause of religious
lilicrty, as witness TJalph Jackson, burned at
th(f stake during the reign of Queen [Mary of
England, and John Jackson who ''withstood
priestly dictation in matters of faith."

"William Bailey Jackson traces his descent
through eight generations to Anthony Jack-
son, a native of Lancashire, England, who em-
igTated to Ireland in 1G49. His son, Isaac
Jackgon, was married to Ann Evans, and in
1725, left Ireland to bring his bride to this
western land of hope. They settled at Har-
mony Grove, Chester county. Pa., where
many of his descendants still reside. "William
Jackson, son of Isaac and Ann (Evans) Jack-
son, had a son, "William, whose son James was
the great-grandfather of William B.

Thomas Jackson, son of James and J\rary
Jackson, and grandfather of AVilliam B. Jack-
son, Avas born in Mill Creek hundred, New
Castle county, Del., May 3, 1777. He owned
and cultivated large tracts of land in his na-
tive hundred, where he was esteemed and re-
sr)ected by his friends and neighboi-s. Thomas
Jackson was married to Jane, daughter of
John and Bachel Griffith, natives of Quaker-
town, Bucks connty, Pa., where their daugh-
ter, Jane, Avas born in 1784. [Mrs. Jackson
was a lineal descendant of Llewellyn Griffith,
who is said to have been one of the last of the
native princes of Wales. His home was a
castle on the coast of County Cardigan.
Among her ancestors were many who were
distinguished as preachei-s and leaders of tlie
Society of Friends, and many who sealed
ilieir testimony with their blood. The chil-
dren <if Thomas and Jane (Griffith) Jackson
are: I. James C, farmer, resides in Delaware
county, Pa., born July 13, 181G; II. John G.;
Thomas Jackson and his wife walked in the
path trodden by their forefathei-s and wen'

members of the Society of Friends. He died
at his home in Xew Castle county, in ISGl;
his wife died July 2U, ISoS; both are interred
in the Friends' burial jdace in Hockessin.

Mr. Jackson's father, John G. Jackson, as-
tronomer, surveyor and civil engineer, was
born in Xew Castle county, Del., September
8, 1818. He received his primary education
at home, his parents being his teachers, and
aftenvai'ds attended the school of Hockessin,
Del. In the neighborhood was a good library,
to which the boy had access, and from the
M'orks of Bobeit Ferguson, drawn from this
library, he acquired a taste for the study of
astronomy. It is said that while still a child
he declared that he would be an almanac-
maker when he was a man. In 1832 Mr. Jack-
son was sent to Westtown Boarding school,
Chester county, Pa., and became a pupil of
the celebrated mathematician, Enoch Lewis. ^
After spending- several terms as a student, he
became an assistant and in 1838 received the
appointment of teacher and lectiu'cr on as-
tronomy. Failing health soon obliged ]\Ir.
Jackson to abandon his profession and lead
a more active life; he did not, however, give
np study, and has made more than one
contribution to his beloved science. In 1839,
after reading Blackstone, and serving a short
apprenticeshijj with Thomas Williamson, of
Pliiladel]ihi;L, Pa., ]\[r. Jackson began business
as a surveyor and conveyancer. In 1841, in
company with a fellow student, he made a
lecturing tour through the southern counties
of Ohio. Xo difficulty was too great to be
overcome by the enthusiastic scientists; pa-
tiently they labored, hauling their electrical
machine and other apparatus for e.\periment
through the deep spring mud. Unfortunately
the pleasure of teaching was almost their only
reward. [Mr. Jackson afterwards purchased
hind and devote<l himself to its improvement.
At the time of the breaking out of the war of
the Bebellion, he had an extensive saw mill
in operation, and although he was too old to
serve his country in the field, furnished the
government with large quantities of lumber
for building bridges and care. In 1857 Mr.
Jackson was a])pointed notary public by Gov-
ernor Peter F. Causey, and discdiarged the
duties of the office so satisfactorily that he was
re-a](pointed by Governor Cannon, [March 12,
lS(i4. Shortly after his re-api^tointnuiit, he
roigned his ]iositi(>n tn take his seat in the
State Lciii-hitiire, \n which he wa> e'lcc'tid on

It 1. J*.

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452

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

the RepuLlican ticket. ilr. Jacksuu was
afterward eleetetl state senator aial served
four yeai-s. Although one of the mino-
rity in both houses, he was active and in-
fluential, especially in matters connected with
railroad corporations. ]le assisted in the or-
ganization of the Wilmington and AVestern
Ivailroad Company, of which he was a stock-
holder, and for many yeiirs cliief engineer.
^Ir. Jackson thoroughly endorsed the plat-
form of the Greenback party, and in 1878 was
nominated for Congress on that ticket. There
being no Ivepublican candidate in the state,
lie received about one-fourth the vote in the
state. This he considered a special honor, re-
garding it as an expression of the confidence
reposed in him by his liepublican friends.
John G. Jackson was married at the Friends'
meeting house in Parkersville, Chester coun-
ty, Pa., September It), 1S12, to Elizabeth,
■daughter of Jacob and Klizabeth ( Parker]
Pailey, who was born at Parkersville, ilarch
10, 1S17. Their children are: I. William
Pailcy; II. Thomas, engineer, residing in Fort
AVayne, Ind., born llarch 21, 1845, married
Anna P., daughter of Si)encer Chandler, of
Ilockessin, has four children, i. l^ertha Eliza,
ii. Elsie ]\ray, iii. Helen II., iv. Palph. ]\[rs.
John G. Jackson was a member of the Society
of Friends. She died January 18, 1S04, and
is interred in the Friends' burial place in
Ilockessin.

William Bailey Jackson attended the
Friends' school of Ilockessin, Del., Westtown
Poarding school, and Clarkson Taylor's school
at "Wilmington, Del., and graduated froni the
Eastman Business College, Pougldveepsie, X.
Y. lie studied civil engineering, and was
\nider his father in the engineering depart-
ment of the B. & 0. branch of the Landis-
- burg railroad; afterwards, in connection
with !Mr. Spencer Chandler and his son Philip
Chandler, obtained the contract for the con-
struction of the bridges on that branch. Some
time after this, ilr. Jackson assisted his father
in building bridges on a railroad in Sussex
county, Del. His attention is now given to
the cidtivation of the soil. He is a successful
farmer, intelligent and tiirifty, and keeps his
pro])erty in excellent condition. ^Ir. Jack-
son is deeply interested in the financial prob-
lem, and luis studied the subject in all its
bcaring-s. He is a stanch sup]jorter of W. J.

Bryan, and an enthusiastic advocate of the
free coinage of silver.

AVilliam Bailey Jackson was married in
Germantown, Pa., to Hannah, dauglitrr of
Joshua and Tabitha Clendenon, who was
born in Philadelphia, Pa. Their only child
died in infancy. ]\Irs. Hannah Jackson died
January IS, 1881. Afr. Jackson was married
in Philadelphia, November 11, 1890, to
Catherine (Dennler) Irvine, daughter of
Daniel and Jane Dennler, and widow of
David James Irvine, a merchant of Wilming-
ton, Del., and a native of Ireland. He died in
Wilmington, Del. Their only child, David
James, Jr., died aged three years and eight
months.

Jlrs. Jackson's father, Daniel Dennler,
blacksmith, was a native of Germany, who
emigrated to America and settled in Wil-
mington, Del., where he was married to Jane
L. Bowers, a native of that city. Their daugh-
ter, Catherine (Mrs. William 13. Jackson), was
born at AVilminjjton.

WILLIAM PAUL PEACH, P. O. ^iei-
maid, Del., son of John and Emeline (Haw-
thorne) Peach, was born in ]\Iill Creek hun-
dred, Xew Castle county, Del., May 10, 1857.

For more than one hundred and twentr-
five years the Peach family has resided in
Xew Castle county, Del. The first to settle
there was John Peach, an English farmer,
who came to America with his family in the
latter part of the eighteenth century. The
voyage across the Atlantic ocean was made
in a sailing vessel, and their port of entry is
supposed to have been Xew Castle, then the
"Castle Garden" of America. Mr. Peach im-
mediately began the cultivation of land in
Brandywine hundred, but in 1797 he removed
to Xew Castle hundred and purchasi-d the
farm now occui)icd by his gr;mddaughter,
ifrs. Pobert ifcFarland, and on it John
Peach made many improvements. He gave
his individual attention to the cultivation of
the land and to raising live stock, and became
a very well-to-do citizen. John Peach mar-
ried in England, and had children: I. Paul;
II. John, 2, remained on the homestead, was
the father of Mi-s. Ann :McFarland, wife of
Pobert ircFarland, now living on the old
home place; III. William, farmer, grand-
faflier of William Peach, M. D., deceased;
IV. Hilary (Mrs. Hogg), of Maryland,

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STATE OF DELAWARE

453

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mother of Colonel Hogg; V. Phebe (Mrs.

Pogue). ]ilr. and Mrs. John Peach

died on their farm, and were buried side by
side in the Old Swedes' churchjard in Wil-
mington. 'J'liey were members of the P. K.
ehureli.

I'aiil Peach, grandfather of William Paul
Peach, was born and educated in I'lngland.
lie was' eighteen years old when he came to
America with his parents. For several years
he labored on the home farm and then marry-
ing, removed to Wilmington, where he en-
gaged in mercantile business. lie was a Ke-
publican. l*aul Peach nuirried Margaret,
daughter of James and Mary McDaniel,
of Mill Creek hundred, and of Scotch-Irish
descent. James McDaniel was the owner
of a great extent of land in !Mill Creek
hundred, chicily along Pike Creek. During
the Iicvolutionary war the British were en-
camped in Mill Creek hundred, and it soon be-
came apparent to Mr. McDaniel that it would
be prudent for him to remove temporarily
from the vicinity. So with his wife and chil-
dren and cattle he luuTied into Pennsylvania,
lie made his journey none too soon. The Brit-
ish soldiers forced an entrance into his house,
broke into kindling wood all of his furnitiire,
cut up the beds in their search for hidden
treasures and destroyed every piece of crock-
ery found in the mansion except one plate
which is now a valued heirloom in the pos-
session of ^fiss ^Margaret Peach, sister of Wil-
liam Paul Peach. The children of Paul and
ifargaret Peach were: I. John; IT. Hannah
(ifrs. John Puth), Mr. and Mrs. Puth both
died in Ogleton, Del.; III. Mary (Mrs.
William Pobinson). Mr. and ]\[rs. liobinson
are both deceased. Mr. Peach died in Wil-
mington and was buried in the Old Swedes'
churchyard. He was a member of the P. E.
cliurcb. His widow removed to Newpoit,
Del., and with her children lived there several
years. She afterward returned to the old
home, the IMcDaniel farm, and died there.
Her. remains were buried in the White C'lay
Creek Pi'esbyterian graveyard. She was a
member of the Presbyterian church.

John Peach, father of William Paul Peach,
was liorn in Wilmington, November 28, 1803.
His father died when he was very young, and
he and his sister removed with their mother
to Newport. There John Peach received a
good common school education, and was after-

wards apprenticed to a blacksndth. He com-
pleted his term of indenture, but, having no
liking for the trade, turned his attention to
farnung. He leased, fii-st, the Banks farm in
Ih'andywine hundred, and after that the Lati-
mer tract, remaining on each several years.
Then he purchased the McDaniel homestead
of 115 acres and developed it to a high state of
productiveness. ]\Ir. Peach was a trustee of
the poor for several years. He was a Demo-
crat and very active in his party, but was not
an ofhce seeker. He was widely known as a
man of strict integrity, of warm friendship
and of charitable deeds. John Peach mairied,
near Stanton, Mill Creek hundred, Emeline,
daughter of William and Jane (McCoy) IIa\\'-
thorne, born near Stanton and of English and
Scotch-Irish descent. They had children: I.
j\largaret; II. Mary E. (Mrs. Lewis Derrick-
son), of Mill Creek hundred; III. John Haw-
thorne, merchant of Wilmington; IV. Wil-
liam Paul; V. Edmund ilonroe, business as-
sociate of William Paul. John Peach died on
his farm, September 25, 18G2, and was buried
in the White Clay Creek Presbyterian church
graveyard. He was a member and trustee
of tlie "White Clay Creek church. After her
husband's death, ]\Irs. Peach resided with her
sons, JohnH.,WilliamPanl, and Edmund ]\I.;
she died October 13, 1889, and her remains
were buried in the White Clay Creek Pres-
byterian churchyard. She was a good Chris-
tian, liberal to the poor and held in high
esteem by all who knew her.

William Paul Peach attended the public
schools of ]\rermaid, in j\[ill Creek hundred,
and later spent two years in a private school
in Wilmington, taught by Professor W. IJey-
nolds. After completing his course in school
he returned to his home and, his father having
died some yeai-s previously, assisted in the
management of the property. In 1893, kao-
lin was found on the farm and William Paul
mihI his sister and brothers formed a company
for the development of the valuable clay
banks. A plant costing about $12,000 was
erected along Pike ('reek, and a force of
thirty-five men is employed in excavat-
ing the kaolin and jircparing it for nu\r-
ket. The company is known as the Peach
Kaolin Company, of ^Mermaid, ami is meeting
with nuich success. Its proihut is shipped
to all points south, east and west. The yeai'ly
outi>ut, already large, will be very much in-

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454

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

creased in the near future. William Paul
Peach is superintendent, as well as secretary
and treasurer of the company and devotes all
his time to the promotion of the industry,
ilr. Peach is progressive and keenly alive to
the fact that success comes only to him who
is industrious and keeps abreast of the times.
lie is a member of Valley Lodge, Xo. 18,
A. O. U. W., of Ilockessin, and Past .Master
'of Harmony Lodge, No. 12, Delaware
Ci range. He is an active Democrat, but not
a seeker after office.

AVilliam Paul Peach married in C!amden,
Kent county, Del., Nellie Eloise, daughter of
Edgar H., and Lncy 0. (Langworth) Ban-
croft, born neiir Camden,- and of English des-
cent. They have children: L Nellie Eloise;
IL William Paul (2). ilr. l^each is a mem-
ber of the Presbyterian church.

IvENNARD S. CHANDLER, Hockes-
sin, Del., son of Jacob and Hannah (Kettle-
wood) Chandler, was born at Blount Pleasant,
Del., January 16, 18G0.

His father, Jacob Chandler, was also a na-
tive of ]\rill Creek hundred. He was educated
, in the Friends' school at Hockessin. After
completing his education he learned the trade
of carpenter and followed that nccupation for
many years. Toeing a part of the time employed
by the firm of Harlan & Hollingsworth of
Wilmington, Del. In his la.tter yeai-s he de-
voted his time to farming and market garden-
ing, cultivating a fann of 112 acres in Mill
Creek hundred near ilonnt Cuba, wdiich was
his home at the time of his death. Jacob
Chandler died ilay 2G, 1890, from heart
failure, while in his wagon on his way home
from market. His remains were buried in the
cemetery of the Lower BrandywlnePresbyter-
ian church, of which he was a consistent mem-
ber. ]\rr. Chandler was a man well known and
highly respected for liis upright character. He
married ITanna Kettlewood, bom near Glas-
gow, New Castle county, daughter of !^[at-
thew Kettlewood, an old settler of that sec-
tion, and late of Mill Creek hundred. They
liad nine children: L Dcwees W., a lumber
and coal merchant, of Oxford, Pa.; IT. Annie
(Mrs. William Wilson), of King's Infills, War-
ren county, Ohio.; TII.Filmore CL, farmer, of
Kennett township, Chester county, Pa.; lY.
Harvey, farmer, of (^hester county. Pa.; V.
Lewis, fanner, of Erandywine luindrtd; VL

George J., residing on the homestead near
Mount Cuba; N'll. Hda, (Mrs. George That-
cher), of Chester county. Pa.; VIII. Kennard
S. ;IX. Prank, of Centreviile, wagon manufac-
turer. .Mrs. Chandler resides with her sou,
George -1. ( 'iiandlcr. Siic ii a most estimable
lady anil a member vi the Presbyterian
church.

]vennard S. Chandler attended the Diamond
school in District 20, and also the Friends'
school of AVest Wilmington. He learned the
trade of blacksmith and carriage builder, and
subsequently became a clerk in the general
store of his brother, with whom he remained
for one year; he then bought his brother's
business, and conducted a general mercantile
trade for eight years. In 1890, !Mr. Chand-
ler sold bis store in Hockessin, and purchased
the shops of Jacob Polk, where he has since
carried on a general blacksmith and carriage
building business, employing at this time five
men. j\Ir. Chandler is a member of the A. O.
U. W.; Past ]\raster of XaWey Lodge, No. i:5,
K. G. E.; Past Chief of Ilockessin Castle, No.
15. He is a Pepublicau, and is highly re-
spected.

In 1884, ]\Ir. Chandler married ilargaret
Durham, a native of Christiana hundred,
datighter of Israel Durham, superintendent nf
a snuff mill. They have children: I.
Helen D. ; II. Margaret; III. Kennard S.; IV.
George Donald; V. (irace, deceased; VI. Har-
rison, deceased. !Mr. Chandler is a member
of the Presbyterian church.

JOHN THOMAS DEMPSEY, P. O.

Union, New Castle county, Del., son of John
and Asenath (fSordon) Dempsey, was liorn in
Wilmington, Del., January 3l', 1850.

John Dempsey, father of John Thomas
Dempsey, was born in New Castle county,
Del. He learned carpentry in his youth and
worked at his trade for many years in Wil-
mington. Afterward be turned his attention
to farming, and cidtivated leased lands in
New Castle county, until his death. He resi<l-
ed in various parts of the county; the last few
years of his life were spent in ^lill Creek Inm-
dred. He was a Democrat, and was elected
school comnn'ssioner, l)ut was never an office
seeker. John Dempsey married Asenath,
daughter of Artdiibald Gordcjn, born in New
Castle county, and of English descent. T!ic-ir
children were: I. !Milton, a railroad man, of

ir.i-

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STATE OF DFLAWAnE

455

Pliiladelpliia, Pa.; II. Arcliiliald, fanner, of
I\-nc;ulcr li\iiHli'ed, Xew Castle coiuity; III.
John Tlu.nias IV. Alida (Mrs. Charles
'I'liiiiniixiii); ^'• Charles G., member of the
])ilawaie Legislature; VI. Arehihald, who
iiicd in infancy. Mi\ Di-uipsy ilied in ISSI;
Ills widiiw died in February, 1898; both were
buried in the (ilasgow ^T. Jv graveyard. .Mr.
Denipsey^and his wife were faithful nuMuln'rs
of the ]\l' E. ehureh.

John 'J'homas Dempscy attended public
schools in (llasgow, lied Lion and Salem.
Until he was twenty-six years old, lie assisted
liis father in his farm work; aftenvard he made
his own venture as a merchant and farmer at
Iron Hill, Pencader hundred. In 1884, he re-
moved to ]\[ill Creek hundred and established
himself in the mercantile business at Corner
Catch, succeeding- Joel McCammon. During
his fourteen years of residence there, he has
built \ip a profitable business. In addition to
liis store, he owns and cultivates a productive
farm. In 1805, ilr. Dempsey established tlie
postoffice at Corner Catch, to which the name
of Union has been given, and, as its fii-st ])ost-
mastcr, served two ycai-s. He is a quiet and
imassuming I'nan, upright, genial and nuich
rcsjiectcjd. At one time he held the office of
school commissioner. Mr. Dempsey is a mem-
ber of National Lodge, No. 32, I. 0. 0. F.,
of St. George's, Del., and of the Junior O.
IT. A. M., of Strickersville, Pa. He is a
Democrat, but not a seeker after office.

In 1870, in Brandywine hundred, New
Castle county, John Thomas Dempsey was
married to Sarah E., daughter of Charles and
Pacdicl E. ilacNarnee, born in Christiana
hundred. New Castle county. Their children
are: I. Walter CI.; II. Cornelia if., at home;
III. George W.; IV. Alva K. I\Ir. Demp-
sey and his family are members of the i[. E.
. chutch.

ELLWOOD WOODWAED, Union, New
Castle county, Del., son of Abner and Julia
A. (llcjopcs) AVoodward, was born in .Mill
Creek hundred. New Castle county, Del., on
the "Woodward homestead, M'here he now re-
sides, June fi, 184G.

'My. Woodward's grandfather, Abner
Woodward, was of Scotch dc.scent. He was
born on the farm on which the Chester alms-
house now stands, Marcli 13, 1705. He de-
voted his attention to agriculture, and in 1808

removed to Delaware and purchased the
homestead, a fertile farm of llilj acres situat-
ed in Mill Creek hundred. He spent the re-
mainder of his life in cultivating and improv-
ing his property. He was enterprising and
jirogi-cssive, and besides genci-al farming
raised fine live stock. .Mr. Woodward was a
mi'inber of the Whig party, lie was not nidy
a successful business man, but a good citizen,
highly esteemed in the community. Al)ner
A\'oodward was married to Elizabeth (Clark)
Hailan, widowed daughter of John and Sarah
Clark. Their children are: I. Joseph, farmer,
born November 12, 1703, died February 5,
1875; II. John, born June 1, 1801, diedDe-
cendier 21, 1SG3; Rebecca (Mrs. Joseph Wor-
rell), born :\ray 21, 18 , died Januaiy 31,

1874; IV. Abner. Mr. Woodward died at the
liomestead April 19, 1840; his wife also is
deceased; both are interred in the Fnends'
burial ground at Hockessin, Del.

Abner Woodward, father of Ellwood, was
born at the home in Chester county, Pa.,
!^^arch 9, 1806. He was two yeai-s old when
his parents removed to Delaware. Abner
Woodward attended the public schools of
Mill Creek hundred. These schools, however,
were poorly equipped, his attendance irre-
gular. He was an intelligent, observant
lad, and may be said to have educated
himself. He remained at home assist-
ing his father on the farm, and at his
father's death inherited the homestead. He
was a successful husbandman, and besides
raising good crops of grain, ))aid great atten-
tion to liis live stock, ifr. "Woodward was a
Kepublican, and was interested in all the af-
fairs of the community, in which he was high-
ly esteemed. Abner Woodward was nuir-
ried in Chester county, Pa., December 12,
1839, to Julia A., daughter of Jaiues and Ann
Iloopes. i[rs. Woodward was born in Chester
county, Pa., February 2, 1813. Their chil-
dren are: I. Sarah Ann, deceased, born Oeto-
lier 13, 1840, married George Foot, of Den-
ver, Col.; II. Abner Iloopes, boni November
21, 1842, resides with his brother, Ellwood;
III. James Lewis, born July 0, 1844, died in
infancy; TV. Ellwood; V. Elizabeth Emma

(ifrs. Penjamin ), of West Chester,

Pa., born January 5, 1848; VI. ILiry G., horn
October 2, 1850, resides with her brother,
Ellwood; Vir. James L., l)oni August
18, 1852, killed by an accidental shot; VIIL

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456

STATE OF DELAWABE

"William W., born ]\ray 17, 1855. Mr. AVood-
ward and his wife were life-long nieiiiljers of
the Society of Frieuds. Mrs. Woodward died
at tlie homestead in New Castle county, Del.,
December ;]1, lStJ4; ^Ir. AV^oodward died
November 5, 1875. ]3oth are interred in the
Friends' burial place at Ilockessin.
, I'll! wood AVoodward attended the North
Star public scliool of j\Iill Creek hundred and
completed his scholastic coui-se at T. C. Tay-
lor's Commercial College, AVihnington, Del.
He devoted his attention to agriculture, and at
his father's death assumed entire nuuiagement
of the homestead. He haS greatly improved
this property, and besides general farming is
very successful ip. raising fine cattle. Mr.
Woodward is a Republican, actively interested

ant Hill, ]\lill Creek hurnlred, New Castle
county, Del.

The AValker family is of Scotch-Irish de-
scent and has lived in Mill Creek hundred for
a nund)er of generations. Its members havo
been progressive ami inlluential citizens.
Alexander Walker, great-grandfatlier of the
AValker iirothers, was a native of Chester
county, Pa., and resided tiiere throughout
his life. He was a farmer. He married, in
New Garden, Chester county, ilary Mclntire,
a native of Chester county, of Scotch-Irish
descent. Tiieir children were: I. Andrew;
II. John; III. Alexander. ]\Ir. AValker and
family were members of the Presbyterian
church.

Andrew AValkcr, grandfather of Alfred W.

in local affairs, and highly esteemed in the and Henry C. AValker, was born in New Gar-

conimunity for his integrity and good judg- den township, Cliester county. Pa., and when

ment. In 1S94, Ifr. AVoodward was elected young learned carpentry, at which trade he

road commissioner of Mill Creek hundred worked in his native county and in New Castle

and served for four years. lie is Past Grand county, Del., for a number of years. After-

Jlaster of Friendship Lodge, No. 22, I. 0. O. ward he turned his attention to farming and in

F., of Hockessin, Del. that new occupation displayed the same ener<>v

Fllwood AVoodward was married in 1892, as in his former one. He settled on a tract

at Smyrna, Del., to iMarguerite, daughter of of land, in lliU Creek hundred, and immedi-

Jtihn and Margarett (Surgen) ilaree. ately began improvements on his property,

ilrs. AVoodward's father, John 'Maree, a erecting a large brick dwelling house, barii'

fanner of AVhite Clay Creek hundred, was of
French descent. lie was a member of the
Democratic party, actively interested in local
affairs, esteemed and respected by his fellow-
citizens. John Maree was married to Marga-
rett Surgen, who was English by descent.
Tlieir children are: I. Andrew Russell; II.
AVilliam, farmer, of Blackbird hundred. New
Castle county, Del.; III. Elizabeili Ann; IV.
Mary Louisa, deceased; A'^. Georgiana (Mrs.
AVilliam Fen-is), of Smyrna, Del.; VI. Hannah
J. (Airs. Garrison), of Kenton hundred, Kent
county, Del. ; VII. ]\Iarguerite (Mrs. Ellwood

etc.^ There he resided until his death. In
politics, he was first a Federalist and after-
ward a AVhig. Andrew AValker mai-ried
Esther, daughter of Robert Crawford, a well
known farmer of Mill Creek hundred, whose
ancestoi-s were Scotch-Irish. Their children
were: I. Elizabeth, dece:ised; II. Ellen, de-
ceased; III. Mary, died young; lA^ Sarah;
V. Alexander, deceased; VI. Robert, deceas-
ed. Andrew AValker died on his farm at
the age of eighty-six years; Airs. AValker also
died on the fann; both were consistent mem-
l)ers of the Presbyterian church, and were

AA''oodward), born in A\'hite Clay Creek bun- buried in the AVhite Clay Creek Presbyterian
dred. New Castle county, Del. Mr. ilaree and cliurcliyard.

his wife were members of the AVhite Clay
Creek Presbyterian cliurch. He died some
yeai-s ago at bis home in New Castle county;
his widow died in ISOH, at the home of her
daughter, ]\Ii-s. Ell wood AVoodward.

ALFRED AV. AVALKER AND HENRY
C. AVALKER, M. D., P. O. Hockessin, New
Castle county, Del., sons pf Robert and Sarah
(AVhiteman) AValker, were bom near Pleas-

Robert AValker, father of Alfred AV. AValk-
er and Henry C. AValker, was bom in :Mill
Creek hundred. He attended the district
schools aiul ac(iuired a good education. He
remained with his parents until he attained
his majority, and then began farming on his
own account. He purchased a tract of one
hundred and twenty-three acres in WiU Creek
hundred and cultivated it for several years,
after which he returned to the home farm and
thei-e devfited himself to raising crain and

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STATE OF DELAWARE

459

rearing live stock for the remainder of liis
days. He was an honorable man, charitable
in all thing!;, and a favorite among his asso-
ciates, lie served one term as member of tho
Levy Court of Xew Castle county and gave
general satisfaction in that important ofhce.
In politics, he was firet a Whig and later a
l-iepulilican. liobert ^^'^alker married, in ilill
Creek h'undred, Sarah, daughter of Jacob
^\'hiteman; she was bm-n in that hundred, and
died at Pleasant Hill in 1855, at the age of
twenty-seven. Jler husband survived her
luitil lS9(j, when he too died, aged eighty-
three years. They were members of the Pres-
byterian church, and were buried in the church-
yard of the White Clay Creek congregation.
Their children are: I. Alfred W.; II.
Henry C.

Alfred W. Walker, the elder son, was edu-
cated in the jniblic schools of Mill Creek hun-
dred and the academy at Kennett Sipiare,
( 'hestcr county. Pa. For a niuuber of years
he was a farmer, but in 1898, he sold his farm,
and removed to AVilmington, Del. ilr.
AValker is an adherent of the Pepublicau
jiarty. lie is an estimable gentleman, and a
member of the Presbyterian church. Alfred
W. AValker is married to Louise, daughter of
^lansel Tweed, a well known resident of
A\'hite Clay Creek hundred.

Henry C. AValker was educated in the pub-
lic schools of ^lill Creek hundred, at Kennett
Square Academy and the State Normal school,
!Millcrsville, Pa. He spent lour years in learn-
ing the retail drug business in AVilmington,
then attended the College of Pharmacy, in
Philadelphia, and was graduated from that
celebrated school in 1877. Until 18SG, he
conducted a retail drug store in Philadelphia;
in that year he disposed of his business, and
entered Jefferson iledical College, where he
received his diploma as an M. D. in the Spring
of 1801. For the succeeding four years, Dr.
AValker practicedJiis ])rofession in AVest Phila-
delphia with nnicli success. AVhen his father
died, he returned to the homestead in ilill
Creek hundred, aftd since that time has had
charge of it. Dr. AValker is a genial com-
panion, a widely read student and progressive
in all his ideas. In his political -saews he is a
Pepublican.

In Xovember, 1882, Henry C. AValker was
inarried, in Philadelphia, to Margaret, daugh-
ter of Xai>ole<in Piancroft, a merchant of that

city, where she was born. The children of
Dr. and Airs. Walker are: I. Henry P., died in
infancy; II. IJobert li., attends public school
in AVilmington. ^Irs. AValker died in AVil-
mington, Del., in 1895, and was buried in
A\'oodland cemetery, I'hiladelphia. Dr. Wal-
ker is a member of the P. E. church.

THOAIAS if. AVALKER, P. O. Hockes-
sin, Xew Castle county, Del., son of John and
Edith (Sharpless) AValker, was born at Little
Paltimore, Mill Creek hundred, Xew Castle
county, Del., October 10, 1822.

-Mr. Walker is of Scotch-Irish parentage.
His father, John AValker, son of Alexander
anil ]\lary (ilclntire) AValker, was born on
the ifclntire homestead, in X^ew Garden
township, Chester county, Pa., obtained his
education in the district schools there, and
learned carpentry. At that trade he was em-
ployed for several ycai-s, after which he en-
gaged in the mercantile business at Iiwart's
Corner, Chester county, for a short time, and
then at Little Paltimore, Mill Creek hundred,
Xew Castle county, Del. Subsequently he
purchased the Young farm of 108 acres in
that vicinity, and cultivated it until his death.
That farm is now occupied by his son, AVilliani
H. AValker; another tract of 100 acres, close
by, of which he was owner, is now in the pos-
session of his son, Thomas il. Walker. John
AValker was a pros]ierous farmer, and raised
much fine live stock. He was a respected
member of the community. Politically he
was a AVhig; he served as a member of the
Levy Court of Xew Castle county. John
AValker was twice married. Ilis first wife was
Elizabeth Ewart, of Chester county, Pa.
Their children were: I. i^^ary, died young; II.
Phebe (Ah-s. Samuel Iladley); III. Elizabeth
(Mrs. Isaac Hoopes); IV. ilary, deceased.
Mrs. Elizabeth AValker died in'l859. Mr.
AValker's second wife was Edith Sharpless, of
Ilockcssin. Their children were: I. Huhhi
pli-s. Milton Shortledge); II. John S., de-
ceased, was an attorney-at-law, and aftenvard
a merchant in Iowa; III. Thonuis il. ; IV.
AVilliam II.; A^ Hannah (Mrs. Thomas Seal),
deceased. i[r. and ilrs. John AValker died
on his fami at Little Paltimore, the former in.
]8(i0; the latter in 18G0. Both were mem-
bers of the Society of Friends, and were buried
in the Friends' graveyard at Xew Garden,
( 'hester county. Pa.

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4G0

BIOGBAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Tlionias il. AA'alkcr was a iJUjiil in the pub-
lic M-hools of ilill Creek luuidreJ, and aided
liis parents on their farm until he nuirried.
Then he removed to liis father's farm of 100
acres, and has since resided there. As a pro-
gressive farmer he Las made nuiny improve-
ments and the product of his acres brinjis him
-a large annual income. lie is of kindly tlis-
position, and enjoys the good will of his neigli-
bors. He is a menil)er of the Grange, and a
school commissioner; his politics are Repub-
lican.

On December 23, 1847, Thomas :M.
Walker was married to ]\Iary A., daughter
of T)r. Eobert ilcCabe, a well-known physi-
cian of Xew Castle county. Mrs. AValker was
born in .Mill Creek hundred. Their children
arc: 1. Francis M., a prominent attoniey-at-
law, of Wilmington; 11. Robert J., deceased,
was a telegrapii operator; J II. ]\Iary (Mrs.
William Cranston), died April 13, 1S9G, in
Stanton, Del; IV. John M.; V. Jessie B. F.;
VI. Thomas II.; VII. Nellie (^Mi-s. John Hop-
kins), of Newark, Del. John :M. and Tiiomas
II. AValker are owners and operators of kao-
lin works in Iloekessin. ]\Ii-s. Walker died
;May 17, 1895, and was buried in the old
Friends' graveyard in ]\Iill Crook hundred.

■\Villiam II. Walker, brother of Thomas M.
Walker, and son of John Walker, was born
at Little Baltimore on the old Walker home-
stead in 1S28. He received his education in
the public schools of ]\Iill Creek Inindred, and
has always resided on the home farm. He is
]iupular and respected, and a well read stu-
dent of public affairs. He is identified with
the Republican party. William II. Walker
married, in Philadelphia, Anna P., daughter
of George and ilartha (Ilutton) Shortledge,
born in Chester county, and sister of Evan
G. Shortledge, M. D., of Wilmington. Their
children are: I. Edith (ilrs. Henry Thomp-
son), of Wilmington; II. J. Eugene, profes-
sor, of Philadelphia; III. Phebe (:\Irs. Wilson
Barnard), of New Garden, Pa.; IV. John S..
manufacturer, of Bellefontc, Pa. ; V. Julian C.
atti.rney-at-law, of Wilmington; VI. William
H., coal and lumber merchant, of Chadd's
Ford Pa.; VII. Swithin C, coal and lumber
merchant; VIII. Elizabeth; IX. Sharpless C,
law student.

JOSEPH W. DERICKSON, P. 0.

3nn>halltiin, New Castle county, Dil, son of

Aquila and Margaret (Griggs) Derickson,
was born in -Mill Oreek hundred, New ('a^tle
county, Dei., February 20, 1833.

Jose])h Derickson, great-grandfather of
Josej)]! W. Derickson, came to America from
Sweden, long before tlic Revolutionary War,
ami was one of tlie tirst Swedish settlers of
New Castle county, Del. There he engaged
in farming. He died in ]\Iill Creek hundred
and was buried in St. James P. E. churcii-
yard. He married in this country and had a
family, one of the members of which was
Joseph, 2.

Josepli Derickson, 2, grandfather of Jos-
ei)h W. Derickson, was liorn in New Castle
county. For many years he cultivated a farm
in Christiana hundred. In his later years he
went west, accompanied by his eldest four
children, and settled at Richmond, Ind.,
where he died. lie was a Republican, and af-
terward a Democrat. Joseidi Derickson, 2,
married and had children: I. Jacob; II. Jos-
eph; IIL Sarah; IV. Elizabeth (]\Irs.
Fox); V. Zachariah; VI. Aijuila. ^Irs.
Derickson died in New Castle county, Del.,
and was buried there. Mr. Derickson and
family were members of the P. E. cliureh.

Aquila Derickson, father of Joseph W.
Derickson, one of the ten children of Joseph
Derickson, 2, who remained in New Castle
county, when their father went we^t, was born
in Christiana hundred and received a good
education. He cultivated throughout his life
the farm in North (^reck hundrc<l, now occu-
pied by his son, Calvin Derickson. There he
erected, in 1846, a fine dwelling and made
other improvements. He was a practical and
succes^ful farmer and stockraiser, and acquir-
ed extensive real estate, owning about four
hundred acies of land in Mill Creek hundred.
]\lr. Derickson was widely known and univer-
sally res]iected for his honesty of purpose and
his fair dealings. He was, to a great extent,
self-educated, and by much reading had stored
his mind with a vast cpiantity of valuai)l(!
kno\\ledge. In 1851 he was elected a meml)cr
of the Delaware Legislature and serxed liis
constituents very faithfully for two terms,
during which he was appointed on important
committees and took a prominent part in the
framing of legislation. ^Ir. Derickson was a
Democrat, and an luitiring worker for the in-
terests of his party. Aquila Derickson mar-
ried, in !Mill Creek hundred, Margaret,

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STATE OF D FLAW ABB

401

<l:niyliter of Benjamin Gregg, born iu ]\lill
Creek linndrecl, of English descent and
(Quaker parentage. Tliey liad eleven eliil-
<lren, of whom the following are living: I.
.luseph AV. ; II. Calvin ; III. P.ayard E. ;
[V. Sarah Frances Ann (^Mrs. Eillmore
Chandler), of Kennett township, Chester
eoiinty,,Pa. Those deceased are: Sarah
Frances, died in infancy, James, Mary, Lewis,
^largaret, Elizabeth and Aqnila, all of whom
died young. Mr. Derieksou died on his farm
in ISSl; his widow also died on the home-
stead, iu 1892; they were members of the lied
Clay (^reck Presbyterian church, Mr. Der-
iekson being an elder in the congregation,
and were interred in the burial grounds con-
nected with it.

Joseph W. Derickson obtained his educa-
tion in Harmony public school, Mill Creek
hundred, and in Newark Academy under
Professor Weston. He afterward returned to
the homestead, and remained with his parents
until he was thirty years old, when he re-
moved to the Ford farm of one hundred and
seven acres, opposite the homestead, which he
now occupies. During the past thirty-five
years he has devoted his energies in great part
to cultivating grain and raising live stock.
For a period of ten years ho operated the
Spring Grove mills, manufacturing silk and
woolen yarns. The mills were destroyed by
fire in "the fifties," and he sustained a loss
of more than five thousand dollai-s. In 18CI3
Mi: Derickson erected on his farm a commo-
dious brick dwelling, at a cost of five thous-
and dollars, besides barns and other new
buildings. He is a quiet, unassuming man,
Imt nnivei-sally respected. In his political
opinions he is a Democrat.

Jose])h W. Derickson was maiTied in
1803, in !Mill Creek hundred, to Anninda,
daughter of David Creves, born in that hun-
dred. 'J'heir children are: I. Ida E. (Mrs.
Elwood Hawthorne); II. Clara E. (Mrs.
Canby C. Hopkins), of MW] Creek hundred,
has one child, Joseph D. ; III. Bertha J., at
Imme; IV. deceased. Mrs. Derickson died
in 1880, and was buried in the l\ed Clay
Creek Presbyterian churchyard. ]\rr. Der-
ickson is a member of the White Clay Creek
Presbj'terian church.

Calvin Derickson, brother of Joseph W.
Derickson, was born in M\]\ Creek hundn^d,
October Ifi, 1844. He received his educa-

tion in the public schools of his vicinity, in
the State Normal school at .Millersville, Pa.,
and iu the Pierce Business College of Phila-
ilelphia. He has been engaged in farming
since he completed his school course, and since
his father's death has occupied the homestead
larni. During se\eral years he was also en-
gaged in the manufacture of spokes, and in
the wool and. cotton business at Spring Grove
mills, in partnei-ship with James Ford. He
is a Democrat. In Mill Creek hundred, in
1876, Calvin Derickson was married to Ly-
dia, daughter of James and Elizabeth (Hurst)
Dennison. Their children are: I. Elizabeth;
II. C. Gregg. jMr. Derickson is a member of
the Presbyterian church.

Bayard E. Derickson, brother of Joseph W.
Derickson, was born in ilill Creek hundred,
March 24, 184G. He attended Harmony pub-
lic school and the Pierce Business College, of
Philadelj)liia, and then engaged in farming.
He now resides upon a tract of 133 acres, one
of the farms owned by his father. He is a
Democrat. In 1S7S, Bayard E. Derickson
was yiaiTied to Elgarda II., daughter of Isaac
C. and Mary (Chandler) Quinby. Their
children are: I. Ethel M.; II. Aquila; III.
Letitia II.; IV. Mary Margaret; V. Ferris B.
]\rr. B. E. Derickson is a member of the Pres-
byterian church.

SAMUEL EASTBURN, Pleasant Hill,
New Castle county, Del., son of David and
Elizabeth (Janes) Eastburn, was born in Mill
Creek hundred, New Castle county, Del., Oc-
tober 30, ISIS.

Da\'id Eastburn, father of Samuel East-
burn was born iu Bucks county, Pa., where he
attended the schools of the district, and ac-
quired a practical knowledge of husbandry.
Soon after attaining his majority, IMr. East-
burn removed to iLjutgomery county, Pa.,
and a few years afterwards to New Castle
cotinty, Del., where he settled on a farm at
]\Iilltown, ]\fill Creek hundred. A few years
later he purchased, in conjunction with his
brother-in-law, Abel Janes, a farm of 140
acres situated on Pike Creek near Pleasant
Hill, ilill Creek huiulred, New Castle coun-
ty. When their partnei-ship was dissolved,
ifr. Eastburn retained the seventy acres on
which his son Samuel now resides, !^^r. East-
burn now turned his attention to im|)ro-\'ing
Ills property, on which he built a dwelling

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462

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

house and a large barn, both of stone. Besides
tlie uianageuieut of liis farm he was interested
in burning lime and owned the extensive
quarries which still bear his name. ^Ir. East-
burn was a Whig and participated acti\ely in
all the affairs of the country; he was esteemed
and respected by his friends and neighbors.
David Kastburn was married to Klizabetli,
daughter of Joseph Janes, who was l)i_prn nt
White ilarsli, Montgomery county, Pa.
Their children are: I. Joseph, deceased; II.
!Mary, married Albine Buckingham, both de-
ceased; III. Rebecca, married Sanniel Lloyd,
both deceased; IV. Isaac, deceased; V. Amos,
deceased; VI. Isaiah, deceased; VII.Elizabeth;
^'III. David, ex-president of the National
Bank, of Newport, Del.; IX. Hannah, mar-
ried Harlan Baker, both deceased; X. Ruth,
died in youth; XI. Samuel; XII. Sarah (Mi-s.
John ilitchel) deceased; XIII. ilargaret,
married her brother-in-law, John ^litchcl ;
XIV. Oliver, Fredericksburg, Va. David
Eastburn and his wife were members of the
Society <^f Friends. He died at his home in
Jlill Creek hundred, and is buried in the
Friends' cemetery at Stanton, Del. His wife
is also deceased, and is buried in the Friends'
cemetery in ilill Creek hundred.

Samuel Eastburn was still a child when his
father died. He received his education in the
public school at Union, Mill Creek hundred,
and has spent his whole life on the homestead.
He has greatly improved the property which
he inherited, and besides general farming,
raises tine cattle arid is very successful in mar-
ket gardening. For more than thirty years,
Mr. Eastburn has been attending the market
of Wihnington, Y)c\., where his produce finds
ready sale at the highest prices, ifr. East-
burn is a Repxiblican, actively interested in
local politics. He cast his first vote in 1840,
for the Whig candidate, William H. Harri-
son, voted for Abraham Lincoln in 18G0, and
for William ;NrcKinley in IS'JG. ]\Ir. East-
burn is strictly temperate in all his habits, and
by his industry, prudence and good judgment
has won the resjiect and confidence of the
comnninity. He is a scientific and jirogrcssive
faruuT, and a member of the Society of
Friends.

!Mrs. Eastburn, who is one of eight chil-
dren, was born at Wilmington, Del., da\ii:li-
ter of the late deorge Bane, miller. Her
mother resides in AVihnington.

WILLIAM MOORE EASTBURN", Uni-
on, New Castle county, Del., son of Amos
and ilary Jane (]\Ioore) Eastburn, Avas b(;rn,
X'ovember 18, 1838, on tiie Woodside farm,
where he now resides, in ilill Creek hundred,
X^ew Castle county, Del.

Mr. East burn's maternal ancestors, wha
were among the earliest settlers of Mill Creek
hundred, were of Scotch-Irish descent. His
great-grandfather, Jacob ^loore, farmer and
blacksmith, was a native of Mill Creek huu-
dretl, where his whole life was spent. He was
nuirried to Hannah (Steel) Donald, widow of
Alexander Donald. Both were membei-s of
the Presbyterian elinrcli, and are buried in
the cemetery of the congregation at Head of
Christiana.

ilr. Eastburn's grandfather, William
!Moore, better known as Cajjtain Moore, was
born in ^Jlill Creek hundred, December 28,.
1770. He was a farmer and land owner in
his native hundred, where he was actively en-
gaged in jiolitics, and was for some time
sheriff of X^ew Castle county. During the
war of 1812, ]\Ir. Moore was captain of the
light artillery stationed at Frenehtown, Del.
In 1803 ;Mr. Moore purchased the homestead,
a farm of 225 acres, on which he spent the re-
mainder of his life. He was a careful, scien-
tific farmer, and a prudent business num.
William ^loore was manied to Rachel, daugh-
ter of Xathan and Sarah Boulden, and aunt of
Jesse Boulden of Pencadcr hundred, X'ew
Castle county, Del. ]\Irs. iloore was born in
Pencader hundred, October 15, 1772. Their
children are: T. Jacob, ^I. D., born April 2ii,
17'J7, died May 5, 1829; IL Xathan, born
January IS), 1799, died May 10, 1837; III.
Agnes, born February 24, 1801, died Jan-
uary 3, 1802; IV. Levi B., bcrrn January 2G,
1803; V. Andrew, born Jidy 13, 1805; VI.
William S., born May 17, 1807; VTI. Thomas
Jefferson, born October 17, 1809; VIII. ^lary
J. (Jlrs. Eastbnrn), born November 11, lb 13.
ifr. ]\Ioore and his wife were members of the
Presbyterian church. He died at his home in
New Castle county, Del., August 2G, 1818;
his widow died Felmurry 25, 1845. Both are
buried in the Presbyterian cemetery at Head
of ( 'hristiana.

-Vnios Eastburn, son of David Eastburn,
and brother of Sanniel Eastburn, of .Mill
Creek hundred, was born in ]\Iilltown, Del.,
in February, 1808. He was educated in the-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

463

subscription schools of liis native liundred,
tlion held in tlie Union school house. !Mr.
EastbTirn remained at home, workinj;- for his
widowed mothir, until 18.15. lie greatly im-
j)nived tlie home property by opening ipiar-
i-ies and liurning lime, thus utilizing the stone
and bringing waste land under cultivation.
In 18;ij he purchased his homestead, the
AVoodside farm, then known as the Alorgan
]ilace, consisting of 140 acres of arable land
situated in !Mill Creek hundred. ^li: East-
burn immediately began improving his jtrop-
erty, building a comfortable house and a large
barn. Ik'sides general farming, he was en-
gaged in market gardening, and in raising fine
cattle. Air. Eastman was a Whig, a good cit-
izen, highly esteemed in the district. Amos
EastbiH'u was married in 1838, to Alary
Jane, (hmghter of "William and Rachel (Boul-
den) iloore, who was born in Mill Creek hun-
dred. Their children are: I. AVilliam AI.;
IT. Rachel E. (Airs. Samuel Fell), of AVil-
inington, Del.; III. Alary R., married James
Ilartness, a farmer of Alill Creek hundred;
IV. Ruth, married C. Frank AIcA^augh,
farmer and butcher, Hockessin, Del.; Y.
Hannah J., died in youth; A'l. George T.,
died in youth; VII. I-evi, died in early man-
hood; VIII. Sarah AI., died in youth; IX.
Amos A., of Wilmington, Pel.; X. John E.,
grocer, Wilmington. Amos Eastburn was a
member of the Society of Friends. He died
at the homestead in 1853, and is interred in
the Friends' cemetery, in Alill Creek hundred.
His widow resides in Alill Creek hundred,
where she is surrounded by her children and
her children's children. Slie has forty grand-
children and sixteen great-grandchildren.
Airs. Eastburn's benevolence and generous
hospitality have endeared her to the whole
connnunity.

William AI. Eastburn was fourteen when
his father died. He received his education in
the public schools of Alill Creek liundred,
held in the Union school house. Air. East-
burn remained at home, managing the home-
stead for his mother, until 1863, when ho
leased from his uncle, David Eastburn, the
farm of Red Alills, in Alill Creek hundred,
which he cultivated for ten years. In 1874 he
returned to the homestead, a farm of 140
acres on which he has made many im]3rove-
ments. He is a progressive fannei-, and jmys
particular attention to his live stock. In ls>5

!Mr. Eastburn invested $3,000 in machinery,
purchasing an engine, a threshing machine, a
baler, anil a corn sheller. For twelve years he
has been nninag-ing these machines and has
been auiply rewarded by the financial success
of his entei'prise. lie i:i a student of scientific
farming and a memln'r of the Patrons of Hus-
bandry. Air. Eastburn is a Republican, an.x-
itjus to promote the interests of the com-
munity.

William Aloore Eastburn was married in
Alill Creek hundred, Xovember 20, I8(i3, to
Alary E., daughter of AVilliam and Ann
(Kimble) Baldwin. Airs. Eastburn was born
in Alill Creek hundred and is a sister of Airs.
John Rail, and an aunt of Harvey Baldwin,
tax collector of Alill Creek hundred. The
children of AVilliam AI. and Alary E. (Bald-
win) Eastman are: I. Lewis B., farmer and
florist, Kennett Square, Chester county, Pa.,
married Anna, daughter of Edwin Chandler,
has four children, i. Hannah, ii. Edwin, iii.
Elizabeth, iv. George; II. Calvin AI., of Alill
Creek hundred, married Josephine, daughter
of Robert and Ann Tavlor, has one child, D.
Taylor; III. Anna AI."; IV. AVilliam K.; Y.
John Leslie; A"I. Ernest L., deceased; VIT.
Clarence T. ; A'^III. and IX., twins, Herbert
S., and Ilan-y AI.; X. and XL, twins, Clifton
B., and Irwin II. Air. Eastbuni is a member
vi the Societv of Friends.

EDAVARD CRAXSTOX^, Alai-shallton,
Del., son of Joseph and Hannah (Kelly)
Cranston, was born near Stanton, Alill Creek
hundred, X'ew Castle count v, Del., October
10, 1830.

The Cranston family is of Scotch descent.
Simon Cranston, grandfather of Edward
Cranston, was a ship builder in his yoiuiger
days and afterward engaged in farming ami
stockraising in Alill Creek hundred. He wiis
]irominent in his community. In his later
years he was a AVhig. Simon Cranston was
twice married and had children as follows: T.
AVilliam; II. Joseph; IIL Samuel; IV.
James; Y. Benjamin; A"I. Alary A. (Airs.
Samuel Johnson); A^IT. Sarah (AIi-s. Ellis
AVilkinson); YUl. Eliza (Airs. Armstrong).
Air. Cranston and his wife both died on their
farm and A\ere buried in the Friends' ceme-
tery at Stanton. They were niinnliers of the
S(X-iety of Friends.

Joseiih Cranston, father of Edward Crans-

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AGl

BIOGBAPinCAL ENOYCLOPKDIA

ton, was born on the homestead, iu !Mill Creek
hundred, in 1799, was educated in the district
schools and early Legan tilling the soil, in
wliich vocation he continued until his death,
lie was owner of a productive farm of lUO
acres, on which he made many impruvenients,
erecting a dwelling house, a harn, etc. ^Ir.
Cranston served several terms on the gi-and
'jury, lie was first a Whig and later a Ecpub-
licau. Joseph Cranston married, in White
Clay Creek hundred, Hannah Kelly, a native
of Xcw Jersey. They had chihlron: I. Sa-
rali (Mrs. Samuel Sharpless), of :Mill Creek
hundred; IT. Elizal)eth (Mrs. Egbert Klair),
of Mill Creek hundred; III. Adeline (Mrs.
Eichard Buckingham), of irill Creek hun-
dred; IV. Edward; V. ilary (Mrs. Pusey
Woolaston), deceased; VI. Anna (Mi-s. Frank
I). Walker); VII. Louise, deceased; VIII.
Emma (ilrs. Elwood Woolnston), died in
Chester county. Pa. Joseph Cranston died on
his farm in 1872, and was buried in the
Friends' graveyard at Stanton, lie was a
member of the Society of Friends. iShs.
Cranston is still living, at the age of ninety-
two years, is also a Friend, and a most estima-
ble woman.

Edward Cranston attended the Forest Oak
public scliool and helped his parents in the
work upon their farm until he was twenty-
eight years old, when he leased fifty-two acres
of the home tract and began farming for him-
self. He made many improvements upon the
land, and was extensively engaged in stock-
raising until 1890, when he removed to ilar-
shallton and erected a fine dwelling house.
There he resides with his wife. Mr. Cranston
has for years been active in the cause of tem-
perance and is an honorary member of the W.
C. T. U. lie is quiet and unassuming, but of
mucli force of chai-actcr. lie is a member of
Active Lodge, No. 11, A. O. U. W., of New-
port, Del., and supports the Prohibition party.
On April IG, 1803, near Newport, Chris-
tiana hundred, Edward Cranston was married
to Anna ilaria, daughter of John P. and
Eliza (McFarland) Lynam, born on the Ly-
nam farm, near Newport. Their children are:
I. Lewis Harvey, born on the home farm,
wlicre he now lives, educated in the pidilic
schools of IMill Creek hundred, is a Prohibi-
tionist, married Mary Etta, daughter of Peu-
ben and Sarah (Bracken) Ball, of Mill Creek
hundred, has two children, i. Warren B., ii.

Edward Harve}'; II. Clara Emma, educated
in the public schools and in the Friends'
School in Wilmington, married Irvin, son of
Keuben and Sarah (Bracken) Ball, of Mill
Creek iiundrcd, lias children, i. Alice M., ii.
Florence C.; III. William, died in infancy.

Edward Cranston is a member of the M. E.
I'lnuvli, a trustee of the congregation, a
teacher and treasurer of the Sabbath school.
Mrs. Cranston was educated in the public
schools of Ciiristiana hundred. She is a lady
of culture, possesses a happy disposition ; is au
active and faithful member of the ]\I. E.
church. For sixteen years she was superin-
tendent of the Infant Department of the Sun-
day school. As a member of the W. C. T. U.,
she has been very active in promoting the
caiise of temperance.

TIIO:\IAS JEFFEPSON JONES (de-
ceased) was born at Stanton, Del., June 2:3,
1S53, son of the late Thomas W. and Pebecca
Ann (Barton) Jones. His father was a
highly respected miller and fanner of White
Clay Creek and Mill Creek hundreds, and
was owner and proprietor of the Ped Mills,
near which Mrs. Pebecca A. Jones still re-
sides.

Thomas Jefferson Jones attended the pub-
lic schools in Faulkland and Stanton, I)el.>
and afterward learned milling under his fa-
ther's instructions in the W. J. Falls spice
mills and in the Ped Mills (flouring), in Mill
Creek hundred. He was assistant to his fatlier
at the Ped ilills until the death of the latter
and afterward operated a mill in White Clay
Creek hundred until his own untimely death.
jMr. Jones was a good business man and a
kindly neighbor, honorable and esteemed. He
was a superior miller, industrious, temperate
in his habits and of noble Christian character.
He originated the nieifsures wdiich led to the
institution of Unity Lodge, No. 41, I. 0. O.
F., of Stanton, and was a Past Grand of the
order. He was a member, also, of Eden
Lodge, Wilmington, Del., and of Lodge No.
11, A. O. r. W., of Newport, Del. In his
political views he was a Pepublican.

On Octolier 24-, 1888, on the Lynam farm,
near Newport, Thomas Jefferson Jones was
married to Adelaide Simpers, the youngest
of the twelve children of John P. and I-'.liza
(?»IcFarland) Lynam, and sister of IMrs. Ed-
ward Cranston. [Mrs. Jones was educated ia

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STATE OF DELAWARE

40-

tlie public schools of Christiiina IniiKjred ami
A\'ihuiniitoii. She unites to a liberal cduea-
ti(ju a graeioiis manner anil social tact, which
have made her a jieneral favorite. ]Mr. Jones
died, in White ("reek lnindrt'(l, Deceniher (1,
18!»j>, from an attack of appendicitis. Jle was
a niendier and trustee of the White Clay
Creek Presbvterian (diureh, and was huried in
the White Clay Creek Presbyterian grave-
yard.

JOTIX W. BITPriESS, Hockessin, Del.,
son of Johi\ and Elizaheth (AVilson) Burgess,
was horn in Baltimore, Aid., ilay C, 1849.

Ilis par(ints were natives of Scotland. Ilis
father was educated in Scotland, and when a
young man removed to Staffordshire, Eng-
land, where he became a manufacturer of
China and earthenware. After several years
spent in gaining a thorough knowledge of that
business, he came to the United States and
settled in Baltimore, where he established
himself as an importer of China and earthen-
ware. In this venture he proved very suc-
ce.-sful, and later removed to New York
City, where he was extensively engaged in the
Chinaware trade, as importer and dealer, un-
til his death. He was a very capaljle and
honorable business man, popular and es-
teemed. He was a Republican. John Bur-
gess married, in Scotland, Elizabeth Wilson,
who was born in Glasgow. Their children
are: I. Bobert, died in Baltimore; TI. Isa-
bella (^Irs. Edward Boote), of East Orange,
X. J.; III. Elizabeth, died voung; IV. John
W.; V. Helen S. (]\Irs. Dr^ E. Ilolden), of
Newark, N. J.; YI. William, man\ifacturer,
of Trenton, N. J.; YII. i\rarion (]\rrs. F. L. S.
^racl.eh(jse), of East Orange. Mr. Burgess
died at his home in East Orange, N. J., in
1S72. He was an elder in the East Orange
Presbyterian church, and was interred in the
burial ground of that church. JLrs. Burgess
died at her home in East Orange in 18S2; she
was a very active member of the Presbyterian
church and was buried by her husband's side.

John W. Burgess attended the public
schools in his youth and completed his educa-
tion in the Polytechnic Institute in Brooklyn,
N. Y. He immediately engaged in the im-
])ortiiig business with his father, and after
the death of the latter continued the Xew
York establishment until 18S2, when he came
to Hockessin and purchased a tract of land uu

which there was a large deposit of kaolin. He
e.\pended fifty thousand dollars on a plant for
the working of the clay, and for the past six-
teen years has operated it on an extensive
scale. He employs more than forty men. ^fr.
Burge.ss is a progressive business man, of
much energy and shrewdness and of kin<lly
heart and generous disp(Jsition. He is a Ue-
]niblican.

John W^. Burgess was married in East
Orange, N. J., to Eliza A., daughter of
Jotham Iledden; 'Mrs. Burgess was born in
East Orange. Of their ten children, the fol-
lowing are now living: I. ]\[arion; II. John;
III. Lilian; IV. Hejen S.; V. Marjorie; VI.
Donald. Mr. Burgess and family are mem-
bers of the Presbyterian church ; ilr. Burgess
was a deacon in the congregation at East
Orange.

GEORGE SPRINGER, P. 0. Hockessin,
Del., son of George and Esther (Johnson)
Springer, was born in ilill Creek hundred,
New Castle county, Del., August 13, 1814.

The Springer family is of Swedish ances-
try. ]\lr. Springer's great-grandfather, at aa
early period, took up land in Mill Creek hun-
dred, near the line of Chester county. Pa.,
and was all his life engaged in farming there.
Nicholas Springer, grandfather of George
Springer, 2, was born on this farm and occu-
pietl himself exclusively with agricultural
pursuits. Ife was a Democrat of the Jeffcrsmi
school, and a respected citizen. Nicholas
Springer married Miss ]\[cllvaine, born in
Lancaster county, Pa. Their children were:
I. Nicholas, 2; 11. George; III. Stephen; IV.
Hannah (Mrs. Robert Walker); V. Elizabeth
(ifrs. Alexander Guthrie). j\Ir. and ]\lrs.
Spiinger died on this farm. They were faith-
ful members of the White Clay Creek Pres-
byterian church, and were buried in the
churchyard of tliat cuugregation.

George Springer, second son of Nicholas
Springer, was born on the homestead. He at-
tended the public schools of ]\Iill Creek hun-
dred, but derived little benefit from them.
They were conducted by poorly equi]iped
teaciiers, and ini)iartrd little beyond the ruili-
nients of an eihication. Young Springer's
desire for knowledge was only whetted there,
and he apjtlied himself at home to the studies
of advanced text books, read good literature,
and made rapid progress in self-education. He

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46G

BIOORAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

made fai'iniiig his j^iiK-ipal vocation, and iin-
provcJ his land by the erection of a uuw
honsp, barn, etc. The homestead, wiiich
he cnltivated, contained one hundred and
thirty acres. IMr. Springer was eminent in
public life. For three terms he was a Levy
Court Commissioner; he also served in the
State Legislature. He was able and honest,
and filled these offices to the entire satisfac-
-tion of his constituents. In private life he
was popular and respected. His politics were
Democratic, and he was an ardent supporter
of the principles of his party. . (Jeorge
Springer was married, at New London, Ches-
ter county. Pa., to Esther .Tcjhnson, a native of
Chester county. Their children are: I.
Eliza; II. William; III. Mary Ann; IV. Sam-
uel and V. Hannah (Mrs. John Cook), of
Chester county, twins; VI. John; VII. Rob-
ert; VIII. George, 'J; IX. James; X. Sarah;
XL Nicholas; XII. Esther; XIII. Margaret.
All are dead except George, 2. ]\Ir. Springer
died on his farm in 1835; his widow died
there in 1841; both were members of the
White Clay Creek Presbyterian church (Mr.
Springer was an elder in the congregation),
and were buried in its churchyard. ^Irs.
Springer was a woman of many kiiully char-
acteristics.

George Springer, 2, was born on the home-
stead. When he was a youth he attended the
public schools of Chester county. Pa., and
ilill Creek hundred, and assisted his father
on the farm. After the death of the latter,
he remained with liis mother fur a number of
years and then began farming for himself on
a portion of the homestead. To this tract he
adiled thirty-six acres, and on this addition
erected, in 1852, a comfortable brick resi-
dence, a stable, barn, etc. For about fifty
yeai-s he regularly attended the Wilmington
City markets with produce raised' on his farm.
On his land are valuable kaolin deposits. In
1895 Mr. Springer retired from farming.
During his busy life he has made many warm
friends by his frank and kindly disposition.
He is a member of the Grange and a Demo-
crat; but is not an active politician; he cast
his fii-st vote for President Van Puren in
183().

In 1841, in Christiana hundred, George
Springer was married to Rebecca, daughter of
Eli Graves, a well-known citizen of New Cas-
tle, of English des(>ent. ^Irs. Springer was

born in Christiana hundred. Their children
are: I. Esther (Mrs. Cyrus Thompson),
widow, has children, i. Rebecca, ii. Amy J.;
iii. Alice M., iv. George S., 4, v. Charles X^.,
vi. Edwin. L., vii. Helen il.; II. Edmond, de-
ceased, married, has children, i. Maud S., ii.
Laura M.; III. James .1., ticket agent at P.,
AV. & P. iv. R. station, Wilmington, married
Annie Ycrkes, has ciiildren, i. Gertrude, ii.
Harry; IV. (ieorge, 3, of North Carolina,
married Anuinda Iloopes, of Mill Creek hun-
dred, has children, i. Harvey, ii. Rebecca. .Mr.
George Springer is a member of the Presby-
terian clau'ch.

HENRY E. DURNALL, P. O. Hockes-
sin, X"ew Castle county, Del., son of Samuel
and Hannah (Durnall) Durnall, was born in
Afen-ittstown, Fayette county. Pa., Septem-
ber 2(J, 1841).

lliram Durnall, grandfather of Henry E.
Durnall, was born near West Chester, Pa.,
and there learned shoemaking. When a
young man, he went to the western part of the
state and established himself at his trade in
]\Icrrittstown, Fayette county. He was a
skilled workman aiul a successful and popular
man. His political attachmcsits were with the
Federalists. Hiram Durnall married, in Lan-
caster county. Pa., Susan Ludwig, born in
that country and of German descent. Their
children were: I. Lewis; II. Samuel; III.
Elizabeth, all of whom are dead. ^Ir. Dur-
nall and his wife died in Merrittstown and
were buried there. ]\Ir. Durnall was a mem-
ber of the Presbyterian church.

Samuel Durnall, father of Henry E. Dur-
nall, was born in ]\Ierrittstown, Pa., in 1819.
He was educated in the local schools, and
from his fatlier learned shoemaking, which
trade he followed until his early death. In
politics he was a Whig. Samuel Durnall was
married to Hannah, daughter of William
Durnall, born near Hamorton, Chester coiin-
ty Pa., December 25, 1815, and a member of
an old family of that county. Their children
were: I. George, carpenter, of Pencadi'r
luindrcd. New Ca.stle county, Del.; II.
James, a veteran of the Civil War, resides
with Henry E.; III. Susan, died young; IV.
Adelaide, deceased; Y. Mary (Mrs. Frank
]\Ioorehouse), of Delaware county. Pa.; VI.
Henry E. Samuel DurmiU died in Merritts-
town in 1840, when be was thirtv-two years

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:.;■;),■

STATE OF DELAWARE

467

<>l(l, from the effects of cholera morbus. lie
was buried in that town. He was a member
of the Presbyterian church. ^Irs. Diirnall
afterward mai-ried Alexander (iuthrie, a na-
tive of iliil Creek hundred; tliey liad one
child, Ale.Nander (Juthrie, Jr., who is an \m-
dertaker and furniture manufacturer of
llockessin. .Mrs. Guthrie is still active,
tiiouf^li ^le has reached the venerable age of
eifihty-tlirec years. She is a lady of kindly
dis])osition. Slie resides with her son, llenrv
E. Ihirnall.

Henry K. Durnall was an infant when his
father died. His mother removed with her
family to Wilmington, Del., where he at-
tended jmblic schools for a short time. After
his mother's second marriage he went with
his ])arents to !Mill Creek hundred, where he
entered the North Star public school. He as-
sisted in the work of the farm for a number
of years and then took charge of the (Juthrie
farm of si.xty-five acres, and has resided on it
and cultivated it ever since. ^Ir. Durnall is
a respected citizen and an active business man.
He is a member of Armstrong Lodge, No. 26,
y. Ar A. ^[., of New])ort; a Past Grand of
Friendship Lodge, No. 22, I. O. 0. F., of
Hockessin; Past Chief of Hockessin Castle,
No. 15, K. G. E., of Hockessin, Del., and a
member of the Grand Lodge of the state. Mr.
Durnall has well filled the various responsible
_jJositions he has held. On January 12, 1892,
he was a]ipointed justice of the peace and not-
ary public by Governor Peynolds. As jus-
tice of the peace not one of his decisions has
been reversed, nor have any of his judgments
been set aside by higher cotirts, ilr. Durnall
also served as collector of delinquent taxes in
]\lill Creek Inuidred, and is a school commis-
sioner. In iiis political views he is a Demo-
crat.

On September 2f), 1885, at FairA-ille,
Chester county. Pa., Henry E. Durnall was
married to [Mary E., daughter of James and
Margaret Dilworth, born in Fair\'ille. Their
children are: I. .Afartha Adelaide; II. Lewis
S. ; III. Sarah A. ; IV. Hannah ; V. Price.

POPEKT P. DENNISON, [Mermaid P.
O., New Castle county, Del., son of Samuel
and Elizabeth Ann (Harlan) Dennison, was
born near [Mermaid, January 16, 1857.

The Dennison family is of Scotch descent,
and its members are well known residents uf

New Castle, Del., and Chester county. Pa.
]iol>crt Dennison, grandfather of Ivobert P.
Dennison, was born in Chester county, and
was a farmer there for a number of years.
Afterward he removed to ilill Creek hun-
dred, New Castle county, wiiere he leased
various farms until 182-1; he then purchased
a tract of land on the "limestone road" near
[Mermaid, and resided there until bis death.
He was a Federalist, and afterward a Whig.
Koliert Dennison married, in Chester coun-
ty, Lydia [McDaniels. Their children were:

I. [Mary ([\Irs. Hall Slack), of Chester county;

II. Samuel; III. James, deceased; IV.
Pacliel, deceased; V. John, deceased. [Mr.
and [Mrs. Dennison died on their farm and
were buried in the London Tract Baptist
churchyard, Chester county. They were
mend)ers of the Paptist church.

Samuel Dennison, father of Robert P.
Dennison, was born in Chester count}'. Pa.,
August 12, 1812, and was twelve years old
when his ]iarents settled on the farm in [Mill
Creek hundred, New Castle county, which he
has ever since occupied. He was educated in
subscription schools in [Mill Creek hundred,
and devoted himself to farming, purchasing
in his early life 96 acres of the home farm and
making on them many im])rovements, inclitd-
ing a fine dwelling house, barn, etc. He has
been a successful farmer, and by husbanding
the proceeds yielded by his first farm, has
added to it uiany more acres in [Mill Creek
hundred. He is much respected for his in-
dustry, his enterprise, his temperate life and
kindly disposition. He was originally a Whig,
but for forty years has been a Kepublican.
He has never sought olfice. Samuel Denni-
son married, in [Mill Creek hundred, Eliza-
beth Ann, daughter of William and Sarah
(Ilulett) Harlan, born in [Mill Creek hundred.
William Harlan was a wheelwright. The
children of [Mr. and [Mrs. Dennison are: I.
John, residing on the home farm; II. Wil-
liam, died in infancy; III. Robert P.; IV.
Harlan C, farmer, of [Mill Creek hundred;
y. Benjamin F., farmer; VI. Sanuiel J.,
grocer, of Wilmington; VII. Sarah E., died,
aged twenty years. [Mrs. Dennison died in
18S4 and was buried in the London Tract
Ba])tist churchyard, Chester county. She was
a faithful member of the Baptist church, and
a good mother. [Mr. Dennison is a member of
the same denominatinn.

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4GS

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Iiobert P. Dennison attended Hariiioiiy
public schools in Hill Creek hundred and I'ro-
I'essor Keynolds' school in Wilmington. Af-
ter tlie close of his school days, he assisted his
parents on the farm and continued with them
until he was thirty-one years old. In K^^S
he purchased from his father the trad of 138
acres known as the (Juthrie farm, anil for the
past ten years has cultivated it proiitably, rais-
ing grain, and livestock, and giving special
attention to market produce. lie is one of the
substantial citizens of the hundred. ^Ir. Den-
nison is a member of the I. O. 0. F. In poli-
tics he is a Republican.

On March 24, 1890, in Mill Creek hun-
dred, Robert P. Dennison was married to
Ella D., daughter of Robert "Walker. They
had one child, Robert AV., who died in in-
fancy. Mrs. Dennison died in February,
1803, and was buried in the White Clay
Creek Presbyterian churchyard. Mr. Denni-
son is liberal in his religious opinions.

HENRY CLAY EVENSON, P. O. Hock-
essin, Del., son of Jesse and Sarah A. tOrin)
Evenson, was bom in Kennett township,
Chester county, Pa., August 30, 1847.

The paternal grandfather of Henry C.
Evenson was a native of Chester county, and a
soldier in the Mexican War, who died while in
his country's service. His son Jesse Evenson
M-as born in Chester county, Pa., received a
good English education, and taught school
for a number of years in Kennett
township, in his native county. He was
also engaged in farming. He was a man
of high character and was universally
respected. First a Federalist, he after-
ward became a Whig. Jesse Evenson
married Sarah A. Orin, of Kennett township.
They had children: 1. George, deceased; II.
Sarah Jane (^Mrs. Samuel Roney), of Warren
county. 111.; III. Henry Clay. Mr. Evenson
died in Chester county and was interred there.
j\Irs. Evenson died and was buried in Warren
county. 111. Both were membei-s of the So-
ciety of Friends.

Henry Clay Evenson attended public school
in Kennett township, Chester county. Pa.,
and farmed in the same township until 1871,
when he came to ^lill Creek hundred and set-
tled on the Dixon farm near Iluckessin. In
1880 he removed to the Jackson farm of 92
acres, on which he now resides. 'J'here are

on these premises a grist-mill and a saw-mill,,
both of which Mr. Evenson operates, in ad-
dition to farming and attending the city mar-
kets. He is of reserved disposition, yet com-
]):inional)le, and has many friends. In hLs ]m-
litical views he is liiieral. In 1871, in ^iill
Creek hundred, Henry Clay Evenson was mar-
ried to .Margaretta, daughter of Jcaher H. and
Mary (Tayhir) Dixon. He is a member of the
Society of Friends.

The Dixon family is one of the oldest in
Mill Creek hundred, of English descent, and
connected with the Society of Friends. The
first tu settle in !Mill Creek hundred were ]\Irs.
Dixon, a widow, and her four sons, all na-
tives of England, and wealthy. Coming to
America in the latter part of the seventeenth
century, or early in the eighteenth, j\Irs.
Dixon purchased a tract of one thousand acres
in ilill Creek hundred, Xew Castle county,
from Mrs. AVilliam Aubrey, daughter of Wil-
liam Penn. This large section of land was
near Hockessin, and on it ilrs. Dixon and her
sons made their home. John Dixon, one of
the sons, was the ancestor of the present
Dixon family of Mill Creek hundred. He
made farming his life occupation, and owned
a plantation of 20.5 acres. He died on his
farm and was buried in Hockessin. He was a
Friend. His son, Isaac, succeeded him on the
Mill Creek farm. He made many improve-
ments on it, and died there. He was buried
in Hockessin. He also was a Friend. John '
Dixon, son of Isaac Dixon, and great-grand-
father of Mrs. Henry Clay Evenson, was born
and educated in ^lill Creek hundred, and re-
sided there throughout his life. He married
!Mary Cooper, of Coopersville, Chester
county. Pa. They had children: I. Isaac;
II. Ann (^Ivs. Michael Gregg), of Chester-
county. John Dixon died young; his widow
married James Phillips, and lived to rear a
large family. Mr. and Mrs. Dixon were
Friends of high standing in their community.

Isaac Dixon received his education in !Mill
Creek hundred, and cultivated the homestead.
He was a successful farmer and stock raiser,
giving much attention to breeding tine horses.
Isaac Dixon married, January ItJ, ISDO, Julia
Ann, daughter of Abraham Holmes, a de-
scendant of an old Engli^h family and a high-
ly respected resident of Alill Creek hundred.
They had children: I. Jesher II.; II. John
A.; III. Ross; IV. Sarah (^frs. Samuel

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•r. 7 h

STATE OF DE LAW ABE

4G9

"Walker}; V. Maria J., died young; VI. Mary
Ann (^Irs. John Springer); VII. AVistcr T. ;
VIII. Jnlia Ann; all are deceased. They
were nicnihcrs of the Society of Friends. J\lr.
and ilrs. Isaac Dixon were buried in the
Friends' graveyard in llockessin. Mr. Dixon
was a leading member of the Societ}'.

Jeslier II. Dixon, father of .Mrs. Henry
Clay EVenson, was born on the Dixon home-
stead farm Xovembcr G, ISOO. lie was edu-
cated in llot'kessin and Wilmington, and af-
terward cultivated the one hundred acre tract,
a part of the homestead, on which j\Irs. Isaac
T. Chamberlin now resides. In 183-2 ho
erected a large stone house, a barn, etc., on the
property. Mr. Dixon was eminent in his com-
munity, lie served a term in the Legislature
and was also a member of the Levy Court of
!N^ew Castle county. He Avas a Democrat.
Jesher H. Dixon married Alary, daughter of
Jacob and Elizabeth Taylor, of Chester coun-
ty. Pa. Their children were: I. Isaac, de-
ceased; II. Elizabeth T. (Mrs. Isaac T. Cham-
berlin); III. Anna, wife of Dr. William Wil-
son, of Philadelphia, deceased; IX. Sarah,
died young; V. ilary J. (Mrs. Thomas Irvin),
of Philadelphia, M'idow; VI. Margaret ta
(!Mrs. Henry Clay Evenson); VII. Laura,
died young. Mr. Dixon gave all his children
the adviuitages of a good education, by which
all profited; four of them adopted the pro-
fession of school teaching. ]\Ir. Dixon died
on his farm in 1871; Mrs. Dixon died in 18G1;
both were Friends and interred in the Friends'
burial ground in Ilockessin.

The Chand)erlin familiy settled in Chester
county, Pa., and New Castle county, Del.,
many generations ago. IJobert Chamberlin,
who was of English descent, and who accom-
panied Penn on one of his voyages to this
country, was the first of his family to reside
in Chester county. He established himself in
Westtown township, near the Delaware coun-
ty line, at the beginning of the eighteenth
century, and was engaged in farming until his
death. Pobert Chamberlin married Letitia
Key, born November 26, 1703. lioth were
Friends, and died in Chester county, Pa.

Jcdin Chamberlin, son of Pobert Chamber-
lin, was born near West Chester, Pa., and was
a farmer and a Federalist. He and his wife
died on their farm in Chester county and
were buried in the Friends' cemetery in ISir-
mingham township.

Jacob Chamberlin, son of John Chamber-
lin, was born in Chester county. He was well
educated, and worked for nu\ny years as a
mill Wright and machinist, principally in
AVest Chester. For five years he was a resi-
dent of Pichland county, 0., and had employ-
ment there as a millwright. In his latter
years he was a Whig. Jacob Chamberlin
niarried Rebecca, daxightcr of William Tay-
lor, of Chester county. IMr. Taylor was the
central figure in a peculiar incident, which
involved much peril for him. He was a na-
tive of England, and had been sent during
the Iievolution to Chester county. Pa., with a
commission from King George HI, as a jus-
tice of the i)eace. When the colonies began
their struggle for freedom he espoused their
cause. The British officers were greatly in-
censed that an appointee of the Crown should
show sympathy for the "rebels," and they
made a determined effort to effect his capture.
They failed in their undertaking, however,,
because of the vigilance of his family, who,
on the approach of the British, stowed him
away securely in a cask that stood in the cel-
lar. He was not discovered by the otficers
who searched the premises and they in their
anger burned his property. Joseph Cham-
berlin had children: I. Joseph; II. ]\Iary
Ann (Mrs. Amasa Finney); III. Taylor; IV.
Titus; V. Benjamin; VI. Bertha (ilrs.
Thomas Leonard), of Philadelphia; VII.
Eliza (Mrs. Edwin Seal), deceased; VIII.
Thomas; IX. Martha (ilrs. Jonathan Gheen),
of "West Chester, Pa., widow; X. Isaac T.;
XT. Palmer; XIT. Cliarlotte (Mrs. William
Worthington) of West Chester, widow. ]\Ir.
C'hambcrlin died in Chester county in 1857;
his remains and those of his wife were bin-ied
in the family lot in the Friends' graveyard
in Birmingham township.

Isaac T. Chamberlin, the present occupant
of the Dixon homestead, was born in Ificli-
land county, 0., May 9, 1S22. He was edu-
cated in the subscription schools in Chester,
taught by Jonathan Goss, and afterward
learned leather manufacturiuii' with James
P. Pugh, in Pennsbiu'g township, Chester
county. He remained with ifr. I'ugh fur four
years, and then secured emj)loynient as a jour-
neyman in Unionville, Chester county, and in
Lancaster and Philadelphia, Pa. In 1S44 he
removed to Wilniingtiui, and worked at his
trade there with William Chandler until

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470

BIOGEAPHICA L ENCYCLOPEDIA

1850, when he established liinisclf in hiisiness
iit Fourth and Orange streets. For a time his
venture was prosperous, but revei-ses followed
liis suecess, and in 1S7G lie disposed of his
stoek and came to the Dixon farm in :\Iill
Creek hundred. For the past twenty- two
years he has given his attention to its cultiva-
tion. :Mr. Chamberlin is a Repid)liean, and
cast his first vote for John ('. Fremont for
I'resident.

On July 22, 185G, in Philadelphia, Isaac
T. Chamberlin was nuirried to Elizabeth Tav-
lor, daughter of Je.sher H. and 3Iary (Tay-
lor) Di.xon. Their children were: 1.' Dixon,
died young; IF May I).; III. Henry, at home!
Mr. Cliamberlin is a member of the Society of
Friends.

ROBERT S. TAYLOR, P. O. Choate,
Del., son of Joseph and Fucy (Ilollins) Tay-
lor, was born in Hyde, Cheshire county, Eng-
land, September 18, 1834. ' ' '^

His parents were natives of Hyde. Ilis
father was a shoemaker and worked at his
trade in Hyde until 1S4S, when, with his wife
and son Robert S., he sailed from Liveriiool
on iheship Bappahannocl; Captain Cushin-,
and came to America. After the voya-e of
thirty-seven days, he landed in Xcw York
City, Xovember G, 1848. Remaining there
but a short time, he we.nt westward and made
his first American home in Pittsburg, Pa.,
where he secured a position as clerk in a'man-
ufacturing establishment. In 1S5U he re-
moved to Louisville, Ky., and obtained work
in a similar capacity there for three years.
Then he set his face eastward, and resided for
tliree years in Eridgewater, Beaver county.
Pa., where he held a clerksliip in the glass
works. From Beaver county he came to I )ela-
ware, and secured work in tlie wool mill of his
brother, James Taylor, on Pine Creek, :\rill
Creek hundred. AVIien the operation of the
mill was discontinued, he removed to Stanton,
where he carried on his trade of shoemakin^-
until his death. He was an industrious and
honorable man. His political opinions were
R'ei.ubliean. Josejdi Taylor was married in
Hyde, England, to Lucy, daughter of George
and Sarah Clark Ilollins. They had childn-n ■
I. Robert S.; IL Eli; IH. Hannah; the last
two died and were buried in Hyde. Joseph
Taylor died in Stanton, July 1, 1884; his
M-idow died July G, 1892; both were mem'bers

of the P. E. church and were buried in St.
James P. E. churchyard in .Mill Creek hun-
dred.

Robert S. Taylor attended the schools of
Hyde, luigland, and learned mechanical en-
gineering in the same town. He was fourteen
years old when he and his parents came to
America. In Pittsburg he worked as an en-
gineer, and in Louisville he acquired the trade
of glass and bottle blowing. Accompanying
his parents to ]]eaver county, Pa., he was em-
ployed ill the Bridgewater glass works as a
skilled worker for three years, and then se-
cured the position of engineer in the wool
mill of his uncle, James Taylor, in Delaware.
A\'hen the mill was closed, he was made en-
gineer in the iron mills of John \\. Bring-
hurst, of Marshallton. Five years later he
entered the service of the B. ifc O. R. R. Co.
and for four years operated a crusher for it
at Harmony. For the succeeding four years,
he was in charge of threshing machines
owned by \\ . L. Little and by W. il.
Eastburn, ]\Iill Creek hundred. In 189G he
was made engineer of Walker Bros. Kaolin
Co., at Hockessin, and in 1897 was appointed
to a like position by the Peach Kaolin Co.,
where he is still employed. In ISoS Wv.
Taylor purchased a farm of sixty acres in
]\Iill Creek hundred, and has cultivated it
for the past forty years. He has made many
improvements upon it, and it is a profitable
stock and grain tract. Mr. Taylor has high
standing in his community by reason of his
industry and integrity. He is a Republican,
and was elected school commissioner in Dis-
trict Xo. 90.

On December 31, 1857, Robert S. Taylor
was married in Xewark, Del., to Anna, daugh-
ter of William and Catharine (^Nforrison)
]\elly and aunt of (joorge I). Kelly, banker,
of ^liddletown. She was born April 7, 1837,
in ]Mill Creek hundred. Their children are:
I. Fucy (ilrs. Jacob A. Welsh), deceased,
had children, i. William, ii. Anna Emma, iii.
R6berta; II. George, fanner, on the home-
stead; III. Elizabeth (Mvs. Charles W. Day),
of Brandywine hundred, has one child, Ethel;
IV. Catharine Ann (ilrs. John Bouldcn), of
Wilmington, Del., has children, i. Etta, ii.
Grace, iii. Ilellen; V. Josephine (]\Irs. Cal-
vin il. Eastburn), of ~M\\\ Creek hundred, has
one child, D. Taylor; VI. Ethel (Mrs. Wil-
liam B. Armstrong), of !Mill Creek hundred,

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STATE OF DELAWARE

471

wliose c'liildren are, i. Ruth A., deceased, ii.
Elizabeth; ^'^II. Mary, at home. Mr. Taylor
and the children are nieuibcrs of the il. E.
church; Mrs. Taylor is a coniniunicant of the
Prcshvtcriaii church of AVhite C'lav ('reck.

THOMAS IIIGGINS, P. O. rioasant
Hill, "Kew Castle county, Uel., son of Joseph
and Margaret (AVright) Iliggins, was born in
Xew Castle hundred, New Castle county,
Del., May 20, 1818.

The Iliggins family is of Irish descent.
James Iliggins, grandfather of Thomas Ilig-
gins, was born in Burlington county, N. J.,
and engaged in farming there. During the
Eevolutionary War he was a teamster in the
Continental army. In his political views he
was a follower of Hamilton and Adams.
James Iliggins married Miss Jones, a native
of Smyrna, Del., and a relative of Com-
mander Jacob Jones, of the United States
Xavy, the hero of the "Wasp-Fmlic" naval
engagement in the war of 1812. James Ilig-
gins had children: I. James, 2, a soldier in
the Ivevolutionary army; II. Jedediah; HI.
Jonathan; IV. Uannah; V. Thomas; VI. Jo-
seph. James Iliggins and his wife died in
Burlington county, N. J., and were iiuricd
there.

Joseph Iliggins, father of Thomas Ilig-
gins, was born on the homestead in New Jer-
sey, in 17CS. lie was em]iloyed on the home
farm until his marriage; he then removed to
New Castle hundred, Now Castle county,
Del., where he resided on leased farms and la-
bored very industriously until his death, lie
was an active citizen and a popular, respected
member of the hundred. He was a Federal-
ist and afterward a Whig. In Salem county,
N. J., Joseph Iliggins was married to Mar-
garet, daughter of ]\I(ises Wright, a farmer of
Salem county, and of English descent. They
had children: I. Sarah, man'ied Thomas
Titus, both deceased; II. Grace, deceased;
III. Jlargaret, married James Bobinson, of
Wilniington, both deceased; IV. James, died
in ^iichigan; V. Joseph, of New Castle; VI.
Thomas, ilr. Iliggins died in 1845 at the
home of his son Thomas, and was buried in
the Asbury churchyard in Wilmington; Mrs.
Iliggins died in 1S3G, and was buried by the
side (>{ her husband; they were members df
the :M. E. church.

Thomas Iliggins attended a subscription
school in New Castle hundred when a boy,,
but at an earl}' period was hired as a farm
laborer. He leased several farms at ditferent
tiuiesj antl by industry and ei'dOduiy accumu-
lated suthcient money tu piu'chase a tract of
land. In 1840 he removed to ilill Creek
hundred and bought 130 acres known as the
Koliert .McFarlauil tract; for the past fifty-
eight years he has given nearly all of his time
to the cultivation of that plantation. Later
he juirchased what was known as the Kelly
farm, (jf 130 acres, on Bike Creek. To both
ut these tracts he has added numy improve-
ments, and both are highly productive. For
a niuuber of years Mr. Iliggins has lived re-
tired. He is respected for his sterling char-
acter, and his unostentatious bearing. I)espite
his many years, he still takes an active inter-
est in the affairs of his farms and of the coun-
ty. ]\Ir. Iliggins is now a Bepublican. He
cast his first vote for "William Henry Harri-
son fur Bresideut, as a Whig, in 1840, his
lii-st Bepublican vote for Abraham I.inculn
in 1800, and his last Bepublican vote for
president for William McKinley in 189(3.
He has never been an office seeker.

In ]8r)2, in ]\lill Creek hundred, Thomas
Higgius was married to Elizabeth, daughter
of William and Catharine (iMorrison) Kelly,
and aunt of George I). Kelly, banker, of Mid-
dletown. She was born in Christiana hun-
dred. Their children are: I. ]\Iargaret (Mrs.
Jacob iloorc); II. Katharine (Mrs. Edward
VanZandt), of Wilmington, Del., has chil-
dren, i. Thumas II., ii. Nellie ]\I., iii. Edward;
III. Thonuis, 2, at home; IV. Joseph, on the
home farm; V. William, miller, of Mill Creek-
hundred, married ^May Elizabeth Ilanna, had
two children, i. Ileisler, ii. I'lizabeth; after
the death oi ]\rrs. IMay E. Iliggins, married
Louisa Ilanna, sister of his first wife, has one
child, James; VI. Noah, farmer; Yll. Jolin,
cultivates the Kplly fann, married Anna
Brown. !Mrs. Thomas Iliggins died in 1870,
autl was buried in St. James B. E. church-
yard, ]\Iill Creek hundred. !Mr. Iliggins and'
fauiilv are meuibcrs of the B. E. churdi.

CRAWFORD BANKIN, B. O. Newark,

Del., son of Thomas aiul Sarah (Crawford)
Bankin, was born at Yellow Hall, Mill (^reek
hundred. New Castle county, Del., April 9,.
184'J.

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472

BIOGIIAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

The Rankin family is one of the oldest and
most favorably known in the northwestern
])art of New Castle county, its members are
of Scotch descent and their ancestors were the
jiiiineors in A\'}iiti' (lay Cret'k hiiiidred and
-Mill Creek hundred. Tiie first of the family
to settle in America was Josepli Ivankin, who
was born on the banks of the Clyde, in Scot-
land, and who brought his family to Dela-
Avare long before the Ivevohition. lie ob-
tained a large grant of land near the Head of
( 'hristiana. White Clay Creek hundred, and
tli('re engaged in farming. A follower of
John Knox in Scotland, he brought with him
the doctrines of that great reformer and
helped to establish the Head of Christiana
Presbyterian church. (For further history of
early members of the Kankin family see
sketch of Joseph C. Rankin, Hill Creek hun-
dred.)

Captain Thomas Rankin, grandfather of
Crawford Rankin, was commander of a com-
pany of Delaware soldiers which he raised to
serve imder Oeneral Washington. His namo
was a household word in Delaware. Having
been eminent as a soldier, no less than as a
citizen, he was buried with military honors
in the Head of the Christiana Presbyterian
churchyard, Captain, Thomas Rankin mar-
ried Elizabeth llontgomery, of Xew Castle
county. They had children: I. Joseph,
father of Joseph C. Rankin; II. Hannah; III.
ilontgomery; IV. ilargaret; V. Thomas, 2.

Thomas Rankin, 2, father of Crawford
Rankin, was born at Rankin's ^lills. White
Clay Creek hundred, in 1790. He attended
subscription schools in that hundred, and the
Milford X Roads school. While he was still
a youth, he and his brother Joseph became
inmates of the home of their tmcle, Joseph,
in IMill Creek hundred. Joseph Rankin
owned a tract of 300 acres, which on his death
passed into the possession of the nephews.
Thomas Rankin received 190 acres of this
tract. The land was unimproved, and he set
to work diligently to clear it and plant crops.
He erecteil a large stone residence, a barn,
etc., and became one of the most prosperous
and popular fanners of the county. His farm
was known as Yellow Hall, ^h: Rankin was
a life long Democrat, but never sought office.
Thomas Rankin, 2, married Sarah, daughter
of James and Sarah A. Crawford, born in
"White Clay Creek hundred in ls04. Her

father was a farmer and miller, and owned
the Rankin mills. The children of Mr. and
ilrs. Rankin are: I. ^lontgomery, deceased;
H. Davis A., jihysician of Cecil county, !Md.;
111. Anna (.Mrs. William Crow), of Kvut
county, y\d.; IV. James, of ]5altimore; X .
M:ny, died young; YI. Louisa (ilrs. Thomas
Xivin), of Strickersville, Chester county. Pa.;
^'1I. William, farmer, of White Clay Creek
hundred; YIII. Hannah J., at home; IX.
Crawford. Thomas Rankin died at Yellow
Hall in ISOO; his widow died January 4,
18S7; both are buried in the White Clay
Creek Presbyterian churchyard. Mr. Rankin
was an elder and a trustee of the Presbyterian
church for many years.

Crawford liankin attended the public
schools of IMill Creek hundred and the New-
ark Academy, under Prof. E. D. Porter, after
which he spent a year in a store in Chester-
town, Kent county, ]\Id., and then returned
to the homestead, where he remained with his
mother until her death in 1887. After her
death, he purchased the home farm of 150
acres, and has resided there for the past eleven
years. Ho is a worthy and esteemed citizen,
^fr. Rankin is a trustee of the White Olay
Creek Presbyterian church, and for eighteen
years has served the hundred very acceptably
as a school commissioner. He is a member
of the Grange and a charter member of New-
ark Lodge, No. 5. Mr. Rankin is a consistent
member of the Democratic party.

ENOS C. HOOPES, P. O. Hockessin,
Del., son of Thomas and !Marv A. (HoUcn)
Hoopes, was born near Hockessin, Mill Creek
hundred. New Castle county, Del., Novem-
ber 21, 1840.

The Hoopes family has been very promi-
nent in Chester county, Pa., for many years,
and traces its ancesti-y to England. ]\Ioses
Hoopes, grandfather of Enos C. Iloopes, was
the first rif the family to settle in Delaware.
He was bnrn in Kennett township, Chester
county. Pa., and engaged in farming there
until after his marriage, when he removed to
Prandywine hundred. New Castle county,
I)(d. Later, he came to ^lill Creek hundred
and purchased the Reeder fann near Hockes-
sin. Closes Hoopes was maiTicd to Sarah
Craig, of Chester countv. Their children
were: I. William; IT. Daniel; TIL Jacob; TV.
Alban; Y. Enos; YL Thomas; YTI. Ann;

'71-

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STATE OF DELA]VAnE

473

VIII. Sanili; IX. Mary; all of whom are dead.
Tiie parents died on the farm, Moses Iloopes
ill IbliS, and Mrs. Iloopes in 183U; both were
buried in tiie old Keimett ^leetiny grave-
yard, Keiiiiett township, Chestm- county. Mr.
IIoo})es was a member of the Society of
Friends.

Thomas Iloopes, father of Enos C. Iloopes,
•was born in Eraudywine hundred. New Cas-
tle eounty, Del., March 17, ISll. He at-
tended the district schools of Mill Creek hun-
dred and afterward learned stone masonry.
That occupation he followed for a number of
years, and then devoted himself to farming;'.
He occupied the homestead, added to it a
number of acres and made many improve-
ments. He was a "Whig, and later a Ixepubli-
■can, but never aspired to otfice. Thomas
Iloopes married Mary A. Hollen, bom in ^lill
Creek hundred, daughter of the late James
Hollen, a farmer of Mill Creek hundred. Mr.
and ^Irs. Thomas Iloopes had children: I.
Enos C. ; II. ]\Ioses, deceased; III. "William,
deceased. Mr. Iloopes died on his farm in
1882, and his widow in 1889 ; both were mem-
bers of the Tied C]aj Creek Presbyterian
church and were interred in its burial ground.
Enos C. Iloopes was educated in the ilount
Pleasant pulilic school, ilill Creek hundred,
and has devoted his life to farming. In 1807
lie purchased a tract of 93 acres on the bor-
<lers of New Castle county, Del., and Chester
county. Pa., and resided there fifteen years.
Then he sold his property and returned to the
liomestead, where he devoted himself to the
care of his parents and the cultivation of the
land nntil 1890. In that year he disix)sed
of the homestead, bought the Samuel Graves
farm of 108 acres, and has since resided there,
raising grains, market produce and live
stock. !Mr. Iloopes is retiring and unassum-
ing, but of sterling character. He is a Pe-
publican, and was elected a school commis-
sioner.

In 18G7 Enos C. Hoopes was married to
Margaretta, daughter of Samuel and Jane
(Ciraves) Graves, born in ]\[ill Creek hun-
dred. Their children are: I. ilary J.; II.
Emma, died young; III. Thomas E.; IV.
Clara G. ilrs. Iloopes is a woman of admira-
ble qualities, a good wife and mother. ]\fr.
Iloopes and family are members of the Ped
-Clay Creek Presbyterian cliurch.

Anioiit;- tlie first settlers in New (\istle

county were the ancestors of the IJraves fam-
ily. They were of English descent. Thomas
(Jrave — for so the name was spelled two cen-
turies ago — was the first of the family to come
to America. He was a typical English gentle-
man, possessed of means, a sturdy constitution
and a hearty love for the chase. He founded
his home in Christiana hundred in 1091, pur-
chasing for that purpose 500 acres of land,
part of which he used as a game preserve. He
was very fond of hunting the deer and foxes,
which made their habitations in the uncleaned
land on his property, and the hunting parties
he gave were famous for good sport. He died
on his faiTU.

Samuel Graves, son of Thomas Grave,
owned and cultivated a farm near Ashland,
Christiana hundred, spending his entire life
there. He had children: I. John; II. Jona-
than; III. Ann. He was a Friend.

John Graves was born in Christiana hun-
dred in August, 1700, and spent his life on
the home farm. He married Jane, daughter
of Swithin Chandler. She was liorn ]\Iarch

II, 1711; her father was of English descent
and a Quaker, John Graves had children: I.
Thomas, born July 10, 173-1, died in North
Carolina; II. Ann, born October 13, 1735,
died in North Carolina, November 10, 1807;

III. AVilliam, born July 11, 1737, died in

North Carolina; IV. Sarah (Mrs.

Hayes), born November 20, 1738, died Octo-
ber 25, 1775; V. Mary, born October 3, 1740,
died in Chester county. Pa. ; VI. Jane (Mrs.

Allen), born May 25, 1742, died in

Chester county, Pa., .May 10, 1783; VIII.
Samuel, born January 27, 1747, died June

7, 1811; VIII. Hannah (Mrs. Hick-

lin), born October 3, 1748, died in Chester
county. Pa., November 18, 1780. John
Graves died on his farm, January 1, 1773;
his widow died September 19, 1774; both
were members of the Society of Friends, and
were buried in the Centreville cemetery,
Christiana hundred.

Samuel Graves, great-grandfather of Mrs.
Enos C. Iloopes, was born in Christiana hun-
dred and with the exception of a period dur-
ing which he was a teamster in the Pevolu-
tionary army, devoted himself entirely to
farming. He passed all his life in Christiana
hundred, ilr. Graves was a leading citizen,
and in his political views was a Democrat.
Samucd Graves manned Elizabeth Pisliop,

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474

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

born in Mill Creek hundred, June G, ITOl,
and daughter of Joim ]5ishop, of English des-
cent. Their children were: I. John, and II.
Jonathan, born December G, 177'J, twins,
both died in 1838, the former in Washington
county. Pa., and the latter in Illinois; III.
Thomas, born January 5, 178:^, died in April,
lt>44; IV. William, born November 20,
' 17»a, died December 25, 17S3; V. Ann (Mrs.
Robert Bowman), born February 18, 1784,
died in Ohio; VI. William, born February
It), 1787; VII. Eli, born March 10, 1789,
died in 184'J; VIII. Nathan, born February
'J, 171)1, died in June, 18G7; IX. Jacob, born
March 12, 1793, died in March, 1841); X.
James, born March 11, 1795, died March 14,
1817; XL Isaac, born May 23, 1797, died
March 2, 1860; XII. Mary (ilrs. John Dixon),
born September 1, 1799, died October 3,1859;
XIII. Elizabeth, born December 1, 1801,
died September 14, 1802; XIV. Jesse, born
September 15, 1803, died May 10, 1SS5.
Samuel Graves died in 1811, and Elizabeth,
his \vife, in 1840; both were members of the
Society of Friends and were buried in the
C'entreville graveyard, Christiana hundred.
Thomas Graves, grandfather of Mrs. Enos
C. lloopes, was born in Christiana hundred.
He received the usual education in the dis-
trict schools, and then learned the trade of
Avheelwright. Throughout his life he was
employed at this trade and in the cultivation
of his farm. He married Margaret, daughter
of John Augusta, of Christiana hundred.
They had children: I. John; II. Samuel; III.
David; IV. William. Thomas Gi'aves died in
ilill Creek hundred in 1844; ilrs. Graves
died in the same hundred.

Sanuiel Gra\'es, fatlier of !Mrs. Enos C.
Hoopes, was born in ilill Creek hundred, in
1808. He was educated in that hundred and
there began his life occupation as a farmer.
He purchased a tract of 108 acres near Blount
Pleasant schoolhouse, on which, in 1877, he
erected a commodious residence. He was a
Democrat. Samuel Graves marrieil Jane,
daughter of Jonathan and Ann Graves, born
.July 16, isn. They had children: I.
LeA'is, died young; II. Thomas, deceased;
III. Margaretta (Mrs. Enos C. Hoopes); IV.
Eobert D., deceased; V. Henry A., deceased.
Mr. Graves died on his farm in 1883; his
widow died in 1891; both were nu-nibors of
the Kcd Clay Creek Prcsliyterian rlnuch and

were buried in the cemetery connected with
it. Mr. (Jraves was a trustee of the congrega-
tion, ilr. and ^Irs. tJraves were active
church membei-s, and were highly respected in
their community.

AVilliam (i raves, fatlier of Lemuel Graves,
was born in Christiana hundred, Feljruary 19,
1787. He attended school near Ashland, but
was almost wholly self-educated. He learned
stone masonry and worked at that tratle sev-
eral years, but in 1814 removed to Mill Creek
hundred and leased the ^lendenhall farm. In
1824 he went to Ilockessin, and was there en-
gaged in business as a merchant for five years.
Going thence to Loveville, ^Mill Creek hun-
dred, he conducted a store in that place for
si.xteen years. He was a Democrat. William
Graves married ilartha, daughter of James
[Mendenhall, born in Mill Creek hundred.
Mrs. Martha Graves died, and was buried in
the Ilockessin graveyard. Mr. Graves mar-
ried, as his second wife, Pachel, daughter of
Frederick Clair, born in Montgomery county.
Pa. Their children were: I. Lenuiel, born
December 25, 1824; 11. William F., born
August IG, 1826, killed by lightning in Illi-
nois, ilay 25, 1868; III. Nathaniel, born Oc-
tober 21, 1828, died in February, 1859. Mr.
Graves died in Loveville, !May 14, 1845, and
was buried in the Centreville graveyard; he
was a member of the il. E. church. Mrs.
Rachel Graves died in January, 1884, and
was buried in the Red Clay Creek Presby-
terian churchyard.

Lemuel (!raves was liorn in ]\Iill Creek
hundred. He was a pupil in the !Moiuit Pleas-
ant public school and was fond of study. He
]n'eparcd himself for school teaching, and for
si.x terms was elected a teacher in his hun-
dred. Then he turned to farming and has
continued at it ever since. His proiierty is
near Loveville, ilill Creek hundred. Mr.
Graves is one of the best known citizens of
the hundred, is intelligent, progressive, and
popular. F(ir six terms, making twelve years,
he was assessor of ilill Creek hundred. He is
a Republican and active in the support of his
])arty's platform and candidates. [Mr. Graves
is a member of the Red ( 'lay Creek Presby-
terian church.

SAIMTTEL C. DIXON, P. O. Ashland,
New Castle county, Del., .son of Sannicl P.
and ^lary S. (Reason) Dixon, was born on the

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I ' . T>f'/.

STATE OF DELA]YA1{E

477

old Dixon homesteatl in !Mill Creek hundred,
near Ashland, June 11, Ib'il.

Isaac Dixon, his great-gTandfather, was
born in New Castle, and was of Welsli parent-
age, lie spent his life as a farmer, in Chris-
tiana hundred; he was a Friend. His children
were: I. Jehu; II. Isaac; III. Cyrus; IV.
Martha (ilrs. Samuel Painter), of Cliestcr
county' Pa. Jeh\i Dixon, the eldest of the
family, grandfather of Samuel C. Dixon, was
born in Christiana, hundred; when he had at-
tained to manhood, lie bought 153 acres of
land in Mill Creek hundred, upon which
he built a fine stone dwelling in 1791, and
passed the remainder of his life in farming
and improving his property. Jehu Dixon
married ^lary, daughter of George and Uan-
nah (Phillips) Taylor. Their children are:

I. John, born February 9, 1791, died young;

II. Hannah (Mrs. Philip Chandler), of IIoc-
kessin, born November 25, 1792; III. Ann
(^Irs. Thomas Raley), of Ohio, boni January
25, 1795; IV. P'hebo (Mi-s. John Vale),
of lsV\\\ Creek hundred, born Novem-
ber 17, 1796; V. Martha (^[rs. Amos
Siiarpless), of Ashland, born November 9,
1798; VI. Samuel P., born in October, 1800;
Vn. Mary T. (^Mrs. ilai-shall Yeatman), born
December 25, 1802; VIII. Sarah, horn Feb-
ruary 23, 1805, died young. Jehu Dixon and
his wife were Friends; their remains are in-
terred in the burial ground at Ilockessin
meeting.

Samuel P. Dixon, born in 1800 on the
homestead in Mill Creek Inmdred, and edu-
cated in the Ebcnezer school, Christiana hun-
dred, passed his life in farming, rearing stock,
and raising produce for the Wilmington mar-
ket, lie was a man of excellent business
qualities, and was entrusted with the settle-
ment of several large estates; he served in lo-
cal offices, and was for two terms a mend.ier of
the Levy Court of New Castle county. For
some years, he was Democratic in his political
views, but in 1860 became a Ke])ubiican.
Samuel P. Dixon married Mary S., daughter
of AVilliam and Elizabeth (Mancel) Beason,
of New Garden, Pa. Their children are: I.
Susan l^^., of ITockessin; IT. Elizabeth, de-
ceased; III. Kannah C, mamed first to l^Iil-
ton Stadon, ]\r. D., of Lycoming county, Pa.,
afterwards to Ira Stadon, of Williamsport,
Pa.; IV. Lyda Ann (Mrs. Gideon "Wickcr-
sliam), of Chester county, Pa.; V. ^rcni-,

■n

died in 1888; VI. Sarah Ann, died in 1882 j
VII. Samuel C; VIII. William B., of Arkan-
sas, married Ilannaii Ililman; IX. ^lary T.
(ifrs. Stephen ilitchell), of Ilockessin. Mrs.
Dixon died at her home in 1878. ]\Ir. Dixon
survived his wife only a year, dying on the
farm on which his whcde life had been passed,
in 1879. Both are buried at Ilockessiu nieet-

Samuel C. Dixon accjuired his education at
the Elienezer school, in Christiana hundred,
and at a boarding school taught by Benja-
min Swain, at London Grove, Chester coim-
ty, Pa. lie remained on the home farm until
1859, when he had reached the age of twenty-
two; he then engaged with his brother Wil
Ham B., at Coatesville, Pa., in tjie manufac-
ture of agricultural implements. On April 1,

1861, at the beginning of the war of the Pc-
bellion, he enlisted as a private in the Seventh
Pennsylvania Cavalry, Comjiany G, ( 'ol.
(ieorge C. Wyncote and Capt. J. F. Anders.
lie was mustered in as first sergeant at llar-
risburg. Pa., July 16, 1861; his regiment was
ordered to Louisville, Ky., and was in its first
engagement in December, 1861, witii ilor-
gan's cavalry, at Lebanon, Ivy. In January,

1862, Sergeant Dixon was captured at the
battle i)f ilurfreesboro, and imprisoned at
;^^c^Iinuville, but was soon after discharged
on parole. His promotion to the rank of sec-
ond lieutenant followed. In 1862, he re-
joined his regiment at Nashville, Tenn., and
was attached to the conunand of ^ilajor C. C.
Davis. During the sabre charge which Major
Davis made at Slielbyville, and for which he
was awarded the gold medal for bravery. Lieu-
tenant Dixon rode by his side, and received a
sabre wound in his left cheek. lie also took
part in the battles of Chattanooga and Chica-
mauga. In 1863, he was made captain of
Company C; the company was veteranized at
this time, and after a furlough of thirty days,
Captain Dixon rejoined his regiment at Nash-
ville, and took part in all the battles under
General Sherman, from Nashville to Atlanta.
With his company, be returned to Louisville,
Ky., for horses; then they went to Nashville,
where they joined Gen. Wilson's command.
The next battle in which the regim(>nt partic-
ipated was at Selma, Ala., and Captain Dixon
was still with the regiment when Jefferson
Davis was captured by Gen. Wilson, near
!Macon, Ga. After serving four years. Cap-

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478

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tain Dixon and his company were uuistered
out September 23, 1SU5. lie liad suffered
mueli during his term of service from wounds
and sickness. lie was sh(;t througli the l)ody,
Wounded in the leg, liad his face cut hy a
salire, was ruptured by the fall uf his horse,
and underwent an attack of fever, yet was not
at any time in a hosjiital.

After being mustered out, Capt. Dixon re-
turned to his home at Ashland, where he re-
mained until lS(i7. He then became inter-
ested in the lumber business, at Williamsport,
I'a., and carri^l it on successfully for seven
years. (ireat niducements were held out to
him to become a stockholder in the Xorth
( 'arolina Land and Lumber Improvement
Company, which had its lieathpuirters at Eliz-
abeth City, I^. C, and to nixlertake its man-
agement. Capt. Dixon accc])ted tlie jiosition
of manager, and invested $10,000 in stock.
At the end of three years, the company broke
nj), and he lost liis all. Ixetnrning to Dela-
ware a poor nnin, he began work again as a
journeyman carpenter, in 1S7T, at Kennetc
Square, Pa. At the end of three years, ho
went to Wilmington, and was employed by
the Jackson and Sharp Company for eiglit
yeai-s; during three years of that time, he also
conducted a grocery store at Tenth and
Adams streets. In 1888, Captain Dixon as-
sumed the charge of the Dixon homestead in
^lill Creek hundred, and has since that time
employed its 152 acres in stockraising and
market-gardening. The perseverance, faith-
fulness and unswerving integrity displayed in
his services to his country arc characteristic
also of all his business dealings. Captain
Dixon is a member of I^lue Lodge, No. 47:!,
F. and A. M., "Watsontown, Pa. lie has . ah
ways been a Pepublican, and cast his first A'^te
for President Lincoln.

Samuel C. Dixon was married in Kennett
Square, Chester county, Pa., to Ella T.,
daughter of Ircnice I. ^Martin, farmer, of Irish
desci'ut. Their children are: I. "Willard II.;
II. :\Iary S. (ilrs. Sanuiel Way), of Chris-
tiana hundred; III. Beatrice !M., deceased;
I V. Anna; V. Charles I. ; VI. Ella ]\I. Mrs.
Dixon died in Februaiy, 1892, and is buried
at Union Hill cemetery, Kennett Squaiv.
Captain Dixon and his family are mendtcrs of
the Presbyterian church.

APCIIIP.ALD AiniSTPOXO, Asldand,
Del., son ef .loliu and .Tanc ( Ddaplaini)

Armstrong, was born at ]\Ionnt Cuba, .Mill
Creek hundred, New Castle countv, lUl.,
Novcndier 21, 1S20.

The Armstrong family is of Scotcli-1 ri-h
descent. When 'Williani Penn was cst:ihli>h-
ing ills benign plan of gmcrnment in I'ciin-
.-^ylvania and the lower counties, Arcliiliaid
Armstrong, leaving Irclaiul, came t8 .\merica
and took iq) land in northern Delaware. Jle
settled near Centreville, Christiana hundred,
Xew Castle county, and, engaging in farm-
ing, became an extensive land owner. Like
the majority of his fellow countrymen, he
was a i)nigrcssive citizen, and a leader among
Ilia maghbors. He died on his farm, and was
buried in tlie Lower Lrandywine Presbyter-
ian church graveyard. He was a member of
the Presbyterian churcli.

John Armstrong, son of Archibald Arm-
strong, and great-grandfather of the Archi-
bald Armstrong of this sketch, was born on
the homestead in Christiana hundred. lie
devoted himself to agricultural pursuits
throughout his life, was prominent in the hun-
dred, and was an able, popular man. John
Armstrong married Mary, daughter of
Charles Springer, a Swede, and one of the first
settlers in what is now Wilmington; he was
a large land holder, and the pnncipal actor in
the building and support of the first church
(Old Swedes') built in AVilmington. Their
children were: I. Archibald; II. William; III.
Nathan; IV. John, 2. Mr. Armstrong died
on his farm and was buned in the Lower
Lrandywine Presbytcnan graveyanl.

.\rchibahl Armstrong, 2, son of John Arm-
strong, was born near Centreville, Christiana
hundred, Deceudjcr 27, 1750. 1'liere he was
educated an<l there he spent his entire life as
a farmer. On his marriage, in 17s,"i, hi: ])ur-
chased a small tract of land, to which was
added enongh from the homestead tract to
make 1.50 acres, which he cijiiverted into a
productive and valuable farm. "With this
land he purchased a log hut whi(di had been
erected npon it, to which he built a stone ad-
dition, besides making nuiny other inq^ro\-e-
ments. ^Ir. Armstrong was a stanch sup-
porter of Jeffei-son and Jackson, and took a
very active iiart in the politics of liis commun-
ity. In 1785 Archibald Armstrong married
Sarah, <laughter of Nathaniel and Ilaniuih
Pichards, of Chester county, Pa., boT-n No-
vendier 5, 1702. Their children were: I.
John, born April 1.'], 1780; IL Nathaniel,

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STATE OF DELAWAIiE

479

Lorn February 10, 1788; III. Ilannali, born
Soptcnilier 8, 17'J0, married William Little,
on >soveml)er 22, 1810; IV. Mary, born Sep-
tember 28, 1793, married Peter Hatton, on
Tebruary 17, 1820; V. William, born March
20, 1796, married Rebecca Pierson, Novem-
ber 24, 1821, and Ann Kellum, October l;5,
1S25; ,VI. Saraii, born October 28, 1799;
YII. George D., born June 30, 1802, married
!Marv Montgomery; VIII. Benjamin, born
August 17, 180-1, married Ann Afendenball.
^Ir. Armstrong died on his farm in 1839; his
widow died in 1858; both were buried in the
lied Clay Creek Jkesbyterian churchyard.
^Irs. Armstrong was a memlier of the Baptist
denomination, and a helpful, cheerfid woman.
The entire family was noted for geniality,
charity and integrity.

John Armstrong, father of Archibald
Armstrong, 3, was born near Centreville,
Christiana hundred, April 13, 178C. lie re-
ceived a connnon school education and re-
mained on the home farm imtil the latter part
of 181G, when he purchased from John
Nicholson a farm of 100 acres at what is now
Icnown as ]\Iount Cuba, !Mill C!reek hundred,
where he devoted himself throughout his life
to fanning and raising live stock. ^Ir. Arm-
strong was a firm advocate of education, and
did much to improve the schools of his com-
munity. His first vote for president was for
iladison; he supported both Madison and
!Monroc, but opposed Jackson. He was a
AVhig and liepnblican, and never sought of-
fice, nor held any, except by appointment.

On September 20, 1816, in Christiana
hundred, John Armstrong was married to

Jane, daughter of and ^lary Dela-

plaine, born in Christiana hundred, -Tune 28,
1797. Their children were: I. James ]\[on-
roe, born July 13, 1817, died July 24, 1823 ;
II. Sarah J. (Mrs. John Springer), born April
20, 1819, married in 1841, died, June 11,
1895; III. Archibald, born November 21,
1820; IV. :Marv T)., born August 27, 1822,
died November'lS, 189G; V. Oeorgi; W. L.,
born July 21, 1824, died October 15, 1843 ;
Y\. Hannah L., bom August 15, 1827, mar-
ried the late Hiram Pierson, on ^March 9,
1853; VII. Susan D., born December 12,
1829, married Thomas Ralph, of Pittsburg,
Pa., on ]\rarch 7, 1855; VIII. John, 2, born
Septendier 20, 1831, farmer, of :\rill Creek
hundred, married to Hannah Woodward,

November 18, 1850; IX. Nathaniel, born
June 8, 1834, died August 7, lb57; 'X. Re-
becca Ann, born !March 20, 1830, resides in
Pittsburg, Pa.; XL Thomas L., born March
19, 1842, died April 22, 1804. Mr. Ann-
strong died on liis farm, July 13, 1809; Mrs.
Armstrong died Decend)er 20, 1843; b^ptli
were buried in the Red Clay Creek Presbyte-
rian clmrchyard. ilr. Annstrong was a faith-
ful mendier of the Presbyterian church, and
was one of the most active, and one of the
largest contributors in the erection of the Red
Clay Creek edifice. He was elected an elder
about 1835.

Archibald Armstrong, 3, attended the pub-
lic schools of !Mount Pleasant, ^lill Creek
hundred, and afterward aided his parents on
the farm imtil he married and removed to a
farm of 100 acres adjoining one which his
father had bought, in 1897; he now occupies
the same farm. There he remained mitil
1858, in which year he purchased a farm near
Fredericksburg, Va., \vliich he cultivated un-
til tlie Civil War. Two alternatives were then
given him— to leave the state or to take up
arms for the Confederacy. He did not re-
ipiire much time to reach a decision. Leav-
ing the state and all his earthly jjossessions ac-
quired by long and unremitting toil, be re-
turned to the homestead in ilill Creek hun-
dred, and bravely set to work to rehabilitate
himself. In 1802 he went to Wilmington
and procured em])loyment at carpentry and
other work; then to Philadeljihia, where he
worked for a year and a half. In 1877 he re-
turned to tlie home fann, and has spent the
]iast twenty-one j'cars there. In 1892, he re-
tired from the active management of the
farm, and his son, Stephen S. Armstrong, now
h;i.^it in charge. ^Ir. Armstrong was elected
a state senator in 1854 on the Know-Nothing
ticket, and served creditably four years. He
advocated 'a number of measures which be-
came laws, and have jiroved beneficial to the
peo])le of Delaware. He is a man of much
intelligence, widely read, a logical thinker,
coinincing in conversation, affable, courteous,
nnicli esteemed. In his political views he was
a Whig and afterward became a Republican.

On February 11, 1840, in ]\lill Creek hun-
dred, Archibald Armstrong was married to
Sarah, daughter of Stejdien Springer, direct
descendant of Charles Springer, and ^Mar-
garet his wife. ]\[iss Springer was born No-

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4S0

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

vembei- 8, 1817, near Ilockeisin. Their t-lul-
dreu are: I. Steplieu Springer, born Avigust
21, 1851; II. Ada Jane (]\hs. Maris T. .Mil-
ler), born June 28, 1855; and two wlio died
in infancy. Mrs. Armstrong died in ISOl;
she was a member of the Red Clay Creek
Presbyterian eluirch and was buried in its
cemetery. Mr. Armstrong has been an elder
in the Ked Clay Creek cliureh for many years.
Stephen Springer Armstrong was educated
in the public schools of Wilmington, and af-
terward learned cabinet nutking with Samuel
3Iurpliy, of Wilmington. lie worked at bis
trade and at carriage building until 1870, a
portion of the time at Chatham, Chester
county, Pa., witli Benjamin Puggs as a part-
ner. Since 1879, he has resided with his fa-
ther and has had the management of his farm.
He is an industrious and respected citizen, a
member of Valley Lodge, Xo. 23, A. O. U.
W., of, Ilockessin, and a stanch Kepubhcan.
Stephen Springer Armstrong married, April
2, 1874, Emma L. Layton, of Penn's Grove,
X. J.; they had one child, Emma Layton, at
liome. Mrs. Emma L. Armstrong died in
1875; Mr. Armstrong afterwards married
]\Iartha, daughter of William and ilary (Mor-
rison) Peoples, of ]\Iill Creek hundred; they
have one child, Archibald Williams, at home.
Mrs. IMaris T. ililler, daughter of Archi-
bald Armstrong, was married July 8, 1879, in
]Mill Creek hundred. She lias children: I.
Florence A.; II. George A.; III. John S.;
IV. ]\rari3 T., Jr.; V. I. Howard; VI. Frank
S.; VII. Frederick; VIII. Lewis McDonald;
IX. Ada.

■ The Peoples family is of Irish extraction.
Hugh Peoples, grandfather of ilrs. Stephen
S. Armstrong, was born in Ireland. He mar-
ried there, and in 1829 brought his family to
America. His first home here was at the Du-
Pont Banks, Xew Castle county, Del., where
he secured employment in the powder mills.
In the latter part of his life he removed to
Sistersville, Tyler county, W. Va., and en-
gaged in farming. He was a Democrat. The
children of ^h: and ilrs. Hugh Peoples are: I.
James, died in West Virginia; II. William;
TIL John, a well-known banker of Wilming-
ton, now deceased; IV. IMary (Mrs. Caleb
Walker); V. Jane (Mi-s. :M'Clintock); VI.
Rebecca J., of Denver, Col.; VII. Sarah J.
Mr. Peoples died in AYest Virginia.

William Peoples, father of Mr-. Stephen

S. Armstrong, was born in Ireland in 1811.
When he was sixteen years old, he came to
this country with his father, and was for six
ycai-s employed as a finisher in the Henry
Clay woohjii factory. He then farmed for
two years in Mill Creek hundred, spent two
years in AV'est Virginia, and returned to Wil-
mington, where he was engaged for fourteen
years as contractor and hauler. Afterward
lie removed to ]\Iill Creek hundred, and culti-
vated a farm during the remainder of his life.
He was a Rejjublican. William Peoples
married, in Mill Creek hundred, Mary A.,
daughter of Robert and Eliza ilorrison, born
in Mill Creek hundred in 1812. They had
children: I. James, -of Chester county. Pa.;

II. ilary E. (Mrs. Robert S. Smith, widow);

III. ]\Iartha (Mrs. Stephen S. Annstrong);

IV. William T.; V. John IL, of Keunett
Square, Chester county, Pa.; VI. Emma
(Mrs. Arnold Xaudain). Mrs. Peoples died
in 1885, at the home of her daughter, Mrs.
X^audain, in "White Clay Creek hundred. Her

■ body was buried in the Red Clay Creek Pres-
byterian churchyard. ^Mr. Peoples was a
member of the Presbyterian church.

JA]\IES GIFFIX, P. 0. Ashland, Del.,
son of James and IMary (Foote) Gittin, was
born near ilount Pleasant schoolhouse, ilill
Creek hundred, X^ew Castle county, Del.,
July 17, 18:50..

Robert Gitfin, grandfather of James Giffin,
2, was born in County Dublin, Ireland, and
there grew to manhood. Then he came to
this country and settled near Xewport, Chris-
tiana hundred, Xew Castle comity, Del. For
a short time he leased the Xewlin farm and
afterward removed to Mount Pleasant, ilill
Creek liundred, wliere he purchased the Wil-
kinson farm of 100 acres, and buildings that
had once been used for a tannery. He made
many improvements upon the property, and
cultivated it until his death. He was a
Democrat. Robert Giffin was married to-
IMary ^Montgomery, a native of Christiana
hundred. Their children were: I. Jane,
(ilrs. John Clarson); II. ]\Iary (Mrs. Patrick
Higgins); III. James. Mr. and Mrs. Giffin
both died on the farm, and were buried in tlie-
Red Clay Creek Presbyterian churchyard ;
they were members of the Presbyterian'
church.

J;imes Giffin, father of James Giffin, 2, was.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

481

born in 1784, on the farm now occupied liy
the latter, lie was educated in the district
schools of !Mill Creek luindred, and assisted
his fatiicr on the farm in his youth. After-
ward he established a store near the home
farm and conducted a mercantile business (Suc-
cessfully for twenty yeai-s. Then he returned
to farnung and profitably enj^aged in raising
grain, live stock, and market produce. Tie
was one of the early attendants upon the Wil-
ming'ton markets, ilr. Oitfin was a useful cit-
izen, active in promoting the educational in-
terests of tlie hundred, enterprising, and a
frequently sought and safe counselor. He
was a Democrat. He held the office of Levy
Court Commissioner and served on the grand
and petit juries. In political matters he was
very active. James OifHn married, in ]\Iill
Creek hundred, Mary, daughter of (ieorge
and Sarah (Evans) Foote, born in Mill Creek
hundred. Their children were: I. Sarah J.
(Mrs. William Little), widow; II. Kachel
<:\rrs. Evan Cregg), died in Chili, S. A.; III.
Elizabeth (ilrs. Jacob Wilson); lY. James,
2; V. Anna (Mrs. Dr. AVatson F. Quinly),
of Wilmington, deceased; VI. ^laiy (Airs.
Xathaniel Cxdbert), of Wilmington ;_ VII.
Amanda (:\rrs. Lewis Pierson); ¥1117 Ade-
line (Airs. James Crossan), of White Clay
Creek hundred; IX. ]\Iary Ann, died young;
X. Kobert, died young. .Mr. Giffin died in
1852; his \\'idow died at the residence of her
son, James Oitiin, in 1887; both were buried
in the licd Clay Creek Presbyterian churcli-
jard; they were members of the Presl)yterian
church.

James CiifHn, 2, was born on the Giffin
homestead. He attended the Mount Pleasant
public schools, ifill Creek hundred, and the
school in Wilmington taught by Professor
Galey. After the death of his father, he as-
sumed the management of the farm of 110
acres, and cared for his aged mother. As a
farmer, he was progressive and maile many
improvements upon his property. lie paid
mucli attention to market gardening and to
the raising of live stock. Combining energy
and good judgment, he has proved a success-
ful farmer. lie is of unassinning manner and
quiet disposition, but is generally esteemed.
'Mr. GilHn was a charter mend)er and is a Past
Chief of llockessin Castle, No. 15, K. G. E.,
and a member of the Grand Lodge of Dela-

ware. He has always held to the Democratic
jtarty, but has never soughtan othce.

In 1850, in Philadelphia, James Giffin, 2,
was married to .Margaret, daughter of Wil-
liam and Jane (Hopple) Martin, and niece of
ex-sheriff ilartin, of Wilmington. She was
born in Chester county, l*a. Their children
are: I. Emma, died young; II. J. Kobert,
educated at jilount Pleasant school and now
at home on the fann, married Laura Springer,
has one child, Lilian, is a Democrat; III.
j\Iary E., at home; IV. William, died young;
V. Leauder, died young. ]\Ir. Giifin and fam-
ily are members of the Presbyterian church.

LEWIS MILLER, P. 0. Wooddale, Xew
Castle county, Del., son of Jesse and Martha
(Thompson) ililler, was born near Kennett
Square, Chester county, Pa., October 2!t,
1827.

Jesse !Miller, father of Lewis !Miller, wa^
of Scotch descent, and was born and educated
in Kennett township, Chester county. Pa.,
where he owned and cultivated a large farm.
He was a skilful husbandman, prudent and
thrifty. During the latter part of his life,
he I'l'tired from the management of the farm
and removed to Kennett S([uare, where he
built a comfortable dwelling, and spent the
remainder of his life in improving and beau-
tifying his home. ^Ir. ililler was a Whig,
but afterwards identified himself with the Tve-
jjublican party. He was a good citizen, be-
loved and esteemed by his friends and neigh-
bors. Jesse Miller was married to Martha
Thompson, who was a native of Kennelt
township, and of Scutch lineage. Their chil-
dren are: I. Lewis; II. George, of Philadel-
phia, Pa. ; III. ]\Iary (JIi-s. James Thompson),
of Philadelphia, Pa. i\Ir. Miller and his wife
were meml)ers of the Society of Friends.
Both died in Kennett Square, and are intened
in the burial ground at the old Friends' meet-
ing-house.

Lewis !Miller attended the public schools
of Chester county and completed his course at
Kennett Square Academy under Professors
ilartin and Shortlidge. His youth and early
manhood were spent in Kennett township. In
1802 Jlr. Miller removed to Delaware, and
]Hirchased from John Hollenswurth a farm of
105 acres situated in ]\rill Creek hundred,
Xew Castle county, ilr. ^liller greatly im-
proved his property. He has built a large.

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482

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

liaiulsome dwelling, planted shade and fruit
trees, and made liis home and grounds nut
only comfortable and convenient, luit very
beautiful, ^[r. ililler lias not identitied him-
self with any i)olitical party, voting for the
best men and the best measures, regardless of
])arty lines, lie is highly esteemed iiy the
friends and neighbors, who appreciate his
'benevolence and good judgment.

Lewis Miller was nnirried in Norristown,
]\Iontgoniery county, Pa., to Sarah Thomp-
son, who was of Scotch descent, and a native
of ^lontgomcry county. Their children are:
I. Jesse, farming the homestead, in Kennett
township, Chester county. Pa.; II. Elizabeth,
died in youth; III. Lewis, died in- youth.
!Mrs. Miller died at her home in ilill Creek
hinidred, in 1S8S; she is buried in the ceme-
tery at Ped Clay Creek Presbyterian church.
Mr. ililler is a mend>er of the Society of
Friends.

cop:NrELius j. iiorptgan, p. o.

"Wooddalc, Xcw Castle county, J)el., son of
Timothy and Catherine (Donovan) llorrigan,
was born, in 185G, at Bantry, County Cork,
Ireland.

!Mr. Ilorrigan's father, Timothy llorrigan,
was a farmer of County Cork, Ireland, where
he was highly esteemed. He marned Cathe-
rine Donovan, also of County Cork. After his
wife's death, in 1SS7, !Mr. llorrigan emi-
grated to America, and resided with his son,
Cornelius J. Ilon-igan, at Mount Cuba, !Mill
Creek huiidrcd, New Castle county, Del.,
where he died. My. llorrigan and his fam-
ily were members of the Poman Catholic
church. ,

T'ornclius J. Horrigan received his early
education in the public schools of County
Cork, Ireland. In 1S6G, he came to America
with his uncle, James Donovan, who settled
at Auburn, N. Y., and during his stay with
his imcle, he attended the i)id)lic schools
of that place. After completing his couisc
at the school of the Christian Brothers in
Toronto, Canada, Mr. Hurrigan returned to
Auburn, N. Y., and learned stone cutting.
From 1873 to 1880 he worked at this tradf in
various places among them Auburn, on the
Buffalo and Jamestown P. P., and on the
canal at Toronto, Canada. In 1880, he re
turned to New York, and was eni])loved on
the stone work for the Capitol building in

Ali)auy, X. Y. lie also found work in New-
York City, and in P)ntfalo, N. Y. In 1SS4,
^Ir. llorrigan having secured a position as
foreman with W. P. Warren, went to Vir-
ginia, and remained until he resigned to ac-
cept a ^indlai- position with a company at
Wooddalc, Mill Creek hiuidred. New Castle
county, Del. In IS'JS ilr. llorrigan resigned
this jiosition and became a contractor, dealing
principally in stone work. He removed to his
jiresent h(^me in ilount Cuba, New Castle
comity, Del., where he has a large and lucra-
tive busine.-s. .Mr. llorrigan is a sound Pe-
pidilican, and a stanch supporter of the prin-
eijiles (jf his party. He is well-read not only
in tlie history of Ireland and other European
countries, but in that of the United States.
lie is also an acute obsen'er of current events,
and talks intelligently on the leading topics
of the day. Mr. llorrigan is, naturally, par-
ticularly interested in the cause of education
in his county and his work as a scliool director
of New Castle county has been commendi-d
by the state board of education. Mr. llorri-
gan and his family are members of the Po-
nnin Catholic church.

WILLIA]\I C. L. CAPNAGY, Kirkwood,
New Castle county, Del., son of Peter and
Isabelle S. (Steel) Carnagy, was born at
Ilanby's Cornei-s, Brand}-Avine hundred. New
Castle county, Del., February 12, 1850.

Mr. Carnagy's father, Peter Carnagy, the
founder of the American branch of the fam-
ily, was born in Scotland. His educational
advantages were very limited. He was ap-
prenticed to a blacksmith, and finally became
a mechanical engineer. After his marriage,
he and his bride emigrated to America, mak-
ing the voyage in a sailing vessel, and landing
at Phi!adcli)hia, Pa. For some time he found
em])loyment in Philadelphia as a farmer, but
afterwards removed to I\Iarcus Hook, now
Linwood, and opened a forge of his own. Sev-
eral years later he secured a position as a jour-
neyman with the firm of Towney & Pouml, at
Claymont, Del., and two yeai-s afterwards re-
moved to Ilanby's Corners, and again opened
a smithy of his own. ilr. Carnagy next re-
moved to Pcrrie Tavern, but after a four
yeiU"s' trial, he returned to Ilanby's (\miers,
and five years after went to Talleyville, Del.
In 1S.">0, Mr. Carnauv removed to Chesa-

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STATU OF DELAWARE

483

pcake City, ifd., and in IStiO, finally settled
at yunnnit Bridge, Del. On the breaking o\u
of the JJebellion, Mr. Carnagy enlisted as far-
rier in the Si.xth Pennsylvania i>aneers, (,'oni-
pany F, Captain .Mulligan, Colonel Uiish. Af-
ter serving for two years, he was injured by a
kiek of a vieions horse, sgnt to the army hos-
pital, and six weeks later was honoral)ly dis-
charged. Three weeks of rest at his home 'it
Suunuit Eridge so far restored Mr. Carnagy,
that he re-enlisted at Wilmington, Del., as
farrier in the First Delaware Cavalry, Com-
jiany B, Captain Corbit, Colonel Bird, anil
served until the close of the war. Keturning
to his home at Summit Bridge, Mr. Carnagy
re-opened his smithy and was actively em-
]iloyed until 18CG, when he removed to
Hare's Corner, Kew Castle hundred, New
Castle county, Del., and there spent the re-
mainder of his life. Mr. Carnagy was a ro-
bust, stalwart man, but the e.xpnsure and hard-
ships endured while in the army impaired his
constitution.

lie was a close student and an intelligent
reader and thinker. He was highly esteemed
fur his industry and ability, and beloved for
his kind heart and genial manner, lie was a
firm supporter of the Democracy, and al-
though not an office seeker, was actively in-
terested in local politics. Peter Carnagy was
mari'ied in Ireland to Isabella S., daughter of
Kev. Archibald Steel, a preacher of tlie il, E.
church, ifrs. Carnagy was born in County
Aiitriui, Ireland. Their children are: I.
Alexander Patterson, died at Summit Bridge,
in 1S1)4; II. ilary Jane (Mrs. John Hamil-
ton), of Xew Castle, Del.; III. James, died in
youth, in Philadelphia, Pa.; IV. Isabella,
died, aged fourteen; Y. "William 0. L.; VI.
Alfred, cuiitidential clerk with Ribbing &
Sons, wire manufacturers, Trenton, N. J.
]\[r. Carnagy and his wife Avere members of
the if. K. clmrch. He died at his home at
Hare's Corner, in 188S, and is buried in St.
(ieoi'ge's cemetery, in Bed Lion hTindred,
Xew Castle county. Ilis funeral was one of
the largest ever seen in the district, friends
from all parts of the state crowding to pay
him their last token of respect. His widow
was postmistress at Hare's Corner for twenty
years, and for the last eight years has been
jiostniistress at Kirkwood, Red Lion hundred,
where she resides with her son "William. SIn'

is a devout Christian, and a tender, loving
wife anil mother.

William C. L. Carnagy attended the public
schools of Brandywine hundred, and of Sum-
mit liridgc. Having completed his education
at the age of fourteen, William Carnagy be-
gan work in his bmther's smithy, and worked
at the trade for two and a half years. He
then began clerking in .the store of J. T. Elia-
.son at Summit Bridge where he remained for
some time, subseipu'utly following the same
occupation in the store of Charles Harris;
clerked on a boat plying on the Ijchman river,
carrying the peach crops to the Philadelphia
niarkets during the fruit season, and livci
with his bnjther, Alexander P., during the
winter months; he also clerked for a while in
the store of W. R. Bowman on King street,
Wilmington, Del. In 1874 returned to Kirk-
wood aiK^ engaged in mercantile pursuits, pur-
chasing the business of Z. T. Harris. For ten
years he was traveling salesman for Walter
A. Wood, and different firms engaged in man-
ufacturing agricidtural implements. Al
though a large share of his earnings was given
to his widowed mother, ]\Ir. Carnagy was able
by industry aTid strict economy to save a small
sum each year, and in 187-1 found himself the
possessor of $75. His credit was good and hfi
now determined to begin business for himself.
Removing to Kirkwood, he opened a small
store, starting with a debt. He had,
however, self-reliance, cf>urage, and un-
remitting industry. His venture was a com-
]ilete success and he was soon alile to extend
ilis business. His brother's establishment at
Summit Bridge, with which he was identified,
was the first factory built in Delaware outside
of Wilmington. He deals extensively in bug-
gies, farming implements and machinery,
but makes a specialty oFthe manufacture of
farm wagons. Besides this plant at Summit
Bridge, ilr. Carnagy owns a fine store and
dwelling house in Kirkwood, valued at
$0,000. His ability, conscientious workman-
ship, and honorable dealing have won the re-
.s])ect and confidence of the community. "Mr.
Carnagy is interested in local politics?, and has
identified himself with the Democratic party.
In 18'J7 he was elected enrolling clerk of the
House of Representatives of Delaware, and
fillcil the office satisfactorily for two years. He
is a member of Conchnc Xo. 3(ii>, I. ( ). 11.,
Siiiiiiiiit I'ridac; of liuck ('ouncil, Xo. "18, Jr.

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484

BlOGUAPinCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

O. U. A. M.; of Union Lodge No. 5, A. F. &
A. M., Middletown; of St. John's I'bapter,
No. ], St. John's Commandery, Xo. 1, K. T.,
"Wihiiington ; of the (Jraud Lodge of .Masons;
Past Noble (Jrand of St. (luoige National
Lodge, No. 32, I. O. O. F.; and Past Grand
Master of the State Lodge.

A\'iiliani C. L. (.^arnagy was married in
■Philadelphia, June 5, 1875, to IJenlah, daugli-
ter of Charles L. Le Oonipt, a native of Ivent
county, Aid. Their children are: L iLiry,
at school; IL Isabella; III. AVilliani; IV. one
unnamed, died in infancy. ]\Ir. Carnagy is
an active member of the il. E. church, lie is
particularly interested in Suiida}' school work
and lias given liberally of his time and money
to serve the cause. lie is trustee and libra-
rian of the school, and for twenty-three years
has been trustee and clerk for District No. 88.
Alexander Patterson Carnagy, hrother of
AVilliam C. L. Carnagy, was born at the home-
stead, June 28, 1842^ He attended the pub-
lic schools of Brandywine hundred. New Cas-
tle county, Del., and of Philadelphia, and be-
came a blacksmith, learning his trade at his
father's forge. During the war of the Pe-
bellioa, he began business for himself at Sum-
mit Pridge, Del. ]\[r. C'arnagy soon turned
his attention to the manufacture of farm
wagons, and of fine buggies and carriages, and
not only built satisfactory vehicles, but in-
vented several pieces of machinery of great
use in the construction of farm wagons and
various agricultural implements. During the
war he enlisted for one hundred days, in the
Ninth Delaware Volunteers. While on guard
duty at Fort Delaware, he had an attack of
erysipelas; this disease poisoned bis system,
and finally proved fatal. ]\Ir. Carnagy was a
member of the Democratic party, and served
his district for several years as road commis-
sioner, and as member of the board of school
connnis.-ioners. lie was a successful business
num, thoroughly honorable and conscientious
in all his dealings. Warm-hearted and gen-
erous, a loving husband aiul father and a kind,
affectionate brother, ilr. Carnagy was be-
loved and respected by the entire community.
He was a member in good standing of the A.
F. cV .\. M., the I. O. O. F., and the A. O. TT.
^y.\ also of St. John's (vommandery and St.
John's Chapter, K. T.

/Vle.xander Patterson Carnagy was married
in Talbot county, "Md., Januai'v 1 1, 1ST2, to

Susan A., daughter of (.'harles and ilary J.
(Caspei-son) Le Comjit. ilrs. Carnagy was
born in New Castle hundred. New Castle
county, Del. She is a lady of fine personal
appearance, intelligent and well educated.
Their children are: I. William C, died in in-
fancy; II. Leslie W., at school. ]\Ir. Alexan-
der Carnagy attended the IM. E. church. Ho
died very suddenly, October 30, 18'J3, at
I'rcnton, N. J., whither be had gone to visit
his brother; he was at the time apparently iii
bis usual robust health, being a man of stal-
wart figure and fine appearance. His death
caused a painful shock to the community at
Sununit "Bridge, "where be Avas known and
loved by everybody." A good friend and
neighbor, a kindly and cheerful companion,
Air. Carnagy was one of those whose loss is
not easily forgotten. His remains were iu-
terred in Saint George's cemetery, Red Lion
hundred, with the soleum rites of the church
and of the Masonic Order, the funeral cere-
monies being witnessed by a large throng of
friends and acquaintances. Since that time,
the families of the brothers William C. L. and
Alexander Carnagy have formed but one,
doubly united by the strong attachment that
subsisted between the brothers, and by the
fact of their wives being sisters.

JOHN A. PATTERSON, P. 0. Edge-
moor, New Castle county, Del., son of
Thomas and Alargaret (Alaitland) ]?attei-son,
was born in Gallagberville, Chester county,
Pa., February -i, 1832.

The early ancestors of Mr. Patterson were
of Scotch-Irish birth. His grandfather, John
Patterson, was a native of Chester county.
Pa., and there for uuuiy years followed his
trade as a shoemaker. Afterwards he en-
gaged in farming. In politics, he was a Fed-
eralist, dnhu Patterson married Lydia Eabl-
win; their children were: I. Thomas; II.
Johnson; III. Kuth (Mrs. Johnson Marshall),
died in Chester county, Pa.; IV. Hannah
■ (ilrs. David Ivonians), died in Eomansville,
Chester county; and two who died in infancy.
Mr. and Airs. Patterson both died on tlu-ir
farm ; they were of the Society of Friends.

Thonuis Patteivon, father of John A. Pat-
terson, was born on a farm in ('hester county,
Pa., was ediu'ated in a subscription school,
and learned blacksmitbing at Embreeville, in
the same county. In his jiolitical views he

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STATE OF DELAWARE

445

a successful fanner. Having by prudence and
close attention to business acquired a compe-
tence, he i-ctired from active life in 1880. !Mr.
Moore is one of the oldest citizens of !Mill
Creek hundred, where he is highly esteemed.
His fellow citizens, appreciating his good
judgment and business ability, have called
upon him to till various offices. lie has served
as census enumerator of ifill Creek hundred
^j^lSTO; as tax collector of the hundred for
two years; and as treasurer of New Castle
county from 1850 to 1852. Mr. [Moore
■east his first vote for General Jackson,
and his last vote for William ^IcKinley.
Thomas Jefferson !Moore was married, at New
London, Chester county. Pa., April 18, 1833,
to Lydia C, daughter of William and Eliza-
beth (]^Iansel) Besson, who was born in ]\Iill
Creek hundred, jMay 16, 1813. Their chil-
■dren are: I. Jacob, born April 16, 1834; II.
Louise, born December 14, 1835, widow of
William Baldwin, Wilmington; III. Sarah
Ann, AvidoM' of Henry Whiteman, born No-
veudjer G, 1S37; IV. ]\Iary E., deceased wife
of Andrew J. Whiteman, born January 6,
1840, died November 25, 18CG; V. Thomas
Jefferson, born September 18, 1841, died
April 20, 1842; VL Lydia, born March 27,
1843, married first to James Alcorn, and after
his death to Kirkpatriek, of Illinois;

VII. IiMchel J. (Mrs. Joseph Chambers), born
September 30, 1845, died Se])tember 5, 1874;

VIII. Harriet Frances Ann fMrs. Charles E.
Lewis), born April 30, 1848; IX. Susan (:\Irs.
Andrew J. AVhiteman), born ^lay 8, 1850;
X. John Thomas, farmer, bom March 12,
1852; XL and XII. twins, Lla (]\frs. William
Little), of WiW Creek hundred, and Eva (:Mrs.
William Chandler), of Stanton, Del., born
January 25, 1854; XIII. Essie Elma (Mrs.
•James Little). ^Irs. ]\roore died in 1881 and
is buried in the cemetery of the Presbyterian
ch\u-eh in White Clay C^reek hundred. Mr.
^loore resides with his son J. Thomas
Moore; he is surrounded by his family and en-
joys the presence and affection of his forty
grandcliildren, and thirty-tliree great-grand-
children.

JOSEPH C. RANKIN, P. O., Newark,
Del., son of Joseph and Sarah (Crawford)
Eankin, was born in Mill Creek hundred. New
Castle county, Del., in October, 1824.

Tlie history of the White Clay Creek and

]\fill Creek hundreds in New Castle coimty
begins with the advent of the Rankin family,
many years before the Revolutionary war.
Tiiat history would lose many of its salient
features by the omission of the story of the
fructifying of the wihlerness, and the intro-
duction of Christian ]n-eaching and Christian
living b}' the earliest innnigrants of the Ran-
kin name. Joseph Rankin was the first of his
family to settle in New Castle county. He
came from his birth place near the Clyde, in
Scotland, to Delaware, and brought with him
his wife and children, a rugged constitution
and an indomitable will, his Bible and the
memory of the teachings of John Knox. He
was one of the earliest white settlers of White
Clay Creek hundred, and chose for his habita-
tion a pleasant spot near the Head of Chris-
tiana. Here he became the owner of a large
'tract of land, and immediately began its im-
provement. As that section of Delaware
had not been invaded by the colonists before,
J\r. Rankin's undertaking was of great mag-
nitude, lint by indefatigable labor he cleartKl
the greater part of the land and made it pro-
ductive. Where the sound of his ax was heard
went up also the music of the j)salm; -Mr.
Rankin was one of the foimders of tlie Head
of Christiana Presbyterian church, to which
he was a liberal contributor, for to his mind,
civilization advanced in a halting manner, if
not directed by Christian thought and prin-
ciples. ]\Ir. Rankin possessed much force of
character, and impressed his upright manner
of life and his solicitude for the advancement
of the Christian religion upon those who were
in close fellowship with him. His descend-
ants furnished many pioneers in the settle-
ment"of the Great West, and with them they
always carried their religion, ^[any of them
have been ministers in the Presbyterian
church. Mr. Rankin died on his farm about
1760, and was Vmried in the graveyard at the
Head of Christiana creek.

Tliomas Rankin, son of the pioneer Rankin
in Delaware, and grandfather of Joseph C.
Rankin, was born on the Rankin homestead
in Wiiite Clay Creek hundred. He was a
farmer, and owned a tract of 300 acres of land
near the Mill Creek line. During the Revo-
lutionary Avar he organized a company of
DelaAvare soldiers, Avhose services were ac-
cepted by General Washington. ^Ir. Rankin
Avas captain of the comiiany, and he and his

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4SG

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

John C. Fremont and liis last for AVilliaui
;j[cl\inley. For several years ilr. Patterson
lias received a liberal pension.

In Stanton, Del., in ]\Iay, 1853, Jolni A.
Pattei'son was married to ^lary, dauglitcr of
Arcliiliald and Ann liarton, liorn in Wliilu
Clay Creek Imndred. Tlieir eliililvcii ari'i 1.
Thomas A., of Wilmington; 11. Ida !.. (.Mrs.
t^nseph Guest), of Brandywine hundred; Hi.
Alice Ix. (Mrs. Charles (!uest), deceased; IV.
(Jeoi'ge, of Los Angeles, Cal., now in Four-
teenth U. S. Infantry at ^Manila, ridlippiue
Islands. Mrs. ]\lary Patterson died in Chris-
tiana, Del., February 22, 187(3, and was bur-
ied in White Clay Creek Presbyterian church-
yard. John A. Patterson married in Chris-
tiana, Del., his second wife, Lydia S. J.ewis,
boni in Whiteleysbnrg, Md., daughter of
George Lewis, now of Linwood, Delaware
county. Pa. Their children are: I. John A.,
machinist, of Wilmington; II. Arthur, naval
electrician on U. S. S. San Francisco ; III.
Abncr, on U. S. S. Texas; IV. Sallie A., stu-
dent in High school, Wilmington; V. Mary
L, now attending pidilic school in Delaware;
VI. Howard S. Mr. Patterson and his fam-
ily are not m(?mbers of any particular idiurch,
but incline to the Presln-terian demimination.

CimiSTOPHER C. RIGIITER, J. P.,
P. O. Talleyville, New Castle county, Del.,
son of John and ilargaret (ilcAllister)
Uighter, was boni in Brandywine Village,
now a part of Wilmington, Del., Novendier
10, 1846.

His grandfather, Isaac Pighter, was a well-
known farmer and landowner of Brandywine
hundred, and lived for many years near Tal-
leyville. In his old age he removed to Read-
ing, Pa., and spent his declining years with
his son, John Righter. He was a Republican
in his early life, and afterwards a Democrat.
Isaac Righter married, and had children as
follows: I. James; II. ]\rartin; III. Fvans;
IV. John; V. William; VI. Christiana; VII.
]\Iary; YIII. Agnes; IX. Rebecca. All are
now deceased. Mr. Righter died in Reading,
!Mrs. Righter died in Brandywine hundred;
both are buried in the Wihnington and
Brandywine cemetery. Mrs. Righter was a
member of the ^I. E. church.

John Righter, father of Christopher C.
Righter, was born in Talleyville, Brandywine
hundred, and was educated in the public

schools of the vicinity. He learned oak coop-
ering, and for a number of years was em-
|il(>yed in the manufactiu'e of oak barrels in
Brandywine hundred. In 1850 he removed
t(i lu'ading, Pa., and there engaged in busi-
ness (ill an e.\lt'iisi\'e scale as a maker of bar-
i-els tor the distilleries, lie remained then^
for fourteen years, after which lie returned
to Delaware, and purchased a farm of 71 acres
near Talleyville, which he cultivated until his
death, four years later, ilr. Righter was a
Democrat of strong convictions, bait never
sought office. John Righter was married, in.
Brandywine hundred, to JMargaret ilcAUis-
ter, who was born in southern Ohio. Their
children were: I. Christopher 0. ; II. Emma;
III. William, died in Cleveland, Ohio; IV.
ilartin, deceased; V. Margaret, died young.
Mr. Righter died in 1808, and was buried in
the Wilmington and Brandywine cemetery.
He was a consistent member of the ^I. E.
church, and his fannly were commiiiacants of
the same denomination. ilrs. Righter has
reached the age of seventy-seven, and resides
with her son, Christopher C. Righter.

Christoidier C. Righter was four years old
when his father removed to Reading, Pa. In
that city he attended the public schools and
afterwards held a ]josition as clerk in a store
for several years. In 18G4 he came to Dela-
ware and became his father's assistant on the
farm. After his father's death, he succeeded
to the control of the farm and has resided on
it for the past thirty years. In 1SS2 Mr.
Righter was appointed justice of the peace by
Governor Hall, and seven years later was re-
appointed by Governor Biggs. When his
term of seven years had expired, he was again
commissioned, for a term of four years, by
Governor Tunnell. Mr. Righter has made
an enviable record as a justice. During his
long service only two appeals from his judg-
ments have been taken to a higher court, and
in only one of them was his decision reversed.
He is well-read in the law, and cautious. He
is popular both as a public official and as a cit-
izen. ]\Ir. Righter is a meml)er of Talleyville
Lodge, No. 11), K. of P., and keeper of records
of Blue Rock Castle, No. 25, K. G. E., of Tal-
leyville. He has been a lifedong Democrat
and has ser\ed in the county executive com-
nuttee. In 181)2 he was nominated for Levy
Court commissioner, but was defeated at the-
polls.

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STATE OF DF. LAW ARE

487

In 1ST7, ill Pliiliuk'lpliia, Christopher C.
Iiijihter \v;is married to -Maria, daugiitcr of
.lu.-eph and iSarali Hunter, Lorn in iirandy-
wine hundred. Their children are: I. Ida
'I'.; II. Lewis v., of Cleveland, Ohio; HI. C.
deroine; IV. Sarah T. -Mr. liighter is a nu'iii-
lier of the P. E. church, and secretary (_if the
\estrY of 'ralleyville jjarish.

WILLIA:\r AVILSOX, JR., p. O. Talley-
ville, Xew Castle county, Del., son of AVil-
liain and Clarissa (Talley) Wilson, was born
near Kockland, Christiana hundred, Xew
Castle county, Del., June 1, 1827.

!Mr. Wilson is of English descent. Ilis pa-
ternal grandfather was a resident of ( 'liris-
tiana hundred. Ilis father, William Wilson,
was born in that hundred, and was one of
three brothei-s; he was a farmer and stock-
raiser. His farm of 150 acres was highly iiii-
jn-oved and very productive. In his political
views, he was a follower of Jefferson and
Jai'kson. William Wilson married Clarissa,
daughter of Curtis Talley, born in Brandy-
wine hundred. They had children: I. Han-
nah, born in 181-1, deceased; It. ]Mary (Mrs.
Evans lighter), born in 181G ; III. ilorris,
liorn in 181S, deceased; IV. ilartha (Mrs.
Bavard Xcals), born in 1820; V. Lewis, born
in 'iSl'3, deceased; VI. William, 2; VII. Sa-
rah (!Mrs. Thomas II. Daj'), born in 1829, de-
ceased; VIII. Ellen, born in 1831, deceased.
!Mr. Wilson died on his farm in 1833; Mrs.
Wilson also died on the farm; they were in-
terred in the burial ground at Centre meeting
li()U-;e.

William Wilson, 2, was only si.x years old
when his father died. He was eilucatcd in the
jiublic schouls at ilontclianin, and afterward,
until he was nineteen years old, labored on
the home farm. Then he engaged in busi-
ness as a butcher and dealer in cattle. He be-
gan his venture with a small amount of capi-
tal, but by energy and thrift he acquired an
extensive and lucrative business. For twenty
years he was thus eniplo.yed. In ISGS he pur-
chased a farm of 82 acres in Brandywiiie hun-
dred and cultivated it until 1888, when he re-
movcil tci Talleyville, and has since resided
tlier(\ Air. Wilson is a man of wealth, ac-
cumulated through his own labors and econ-
limy, lie owns about 300 acres of land, the
Branton flouring mill, and other property.
His jiersonal qualities have made for him a

large circle. of friends. He is a Democrat, of
strong party convictions, in 1850-7 and in
18(jO-7 he held the nthce of tax collector for
Brandywiiie ]nin<lred. He has also served as
a school commissioner.

In 1^51, in Ihandywiiie hundred, William
A\'ils(in was mari'ied to ^lary E., daughter of
Dulton and ^Margaret (Zebley) Pyle, born in
Delaware county. Pa.; her father is a farmer
of Brandywiiie hundred. They had children:
I. Emma, at home; II. Ella, at home; III.
Ilowaril; l\ . Mary E. (ilrs. Everett Ilol-
lingsworth), of Christiana hundred. 3ilr.
Wilsfin and those of t!ie family at home are
juembers of the P. E. church. ^Irs. Wilson
died in 1803.

Howard Wilson, son of William Wilson, 2,
was born in Brandywiiie hundred, February
7, 1800. He was educated in the public
schools of the vicinity and learned butchering
with his father. He afterward assisted his
father on the home farm until 1882, when he
took charge of one of his father's tracts of land
in Brandywine hundred and cultivated it
until 180-1. In the latter year he removed
to another of his father's farms, in Christiana
hundred, and has there engaged in farming
and stockraising, and in the operation of his
father's flouring mill. He is a stanch Demo-
crat. In 18!s2, Howard Wilson married Har-
riet, daughter of Samuel Ilanby. I'hey have
children: I. William, 3; II. Emma; III.
Samuel. !Mr. A^'ilson is a member of the ]\I.
E. church.

ISAAC X. GKUBI3, P. 0. Orubbs, Xew
Castle county, Del., son of Adam and Julia
A. (Talley) Grubb, was born near Grubb's
Corner, Brandywine hundred, Xew Cattle
county, Del., March 25, 1823.

The Grulib family is of English descent,
and its settlement in Delaware is contempor-
aneous with the establishment of the govern-
ment of "William Penn over the "three lower
counties." John (Jrubb emigrated from Eng-
land with his seven sons, and erected a home
for himself and family at what is now known
as Cirubb's Landing on the Delaware, in Bran-
dywiue liundrc<l. There he expended much
labor in the cultivation of the land, cutting
away the forests and making the soil jiroduc-
tive.

John Grubb, 2, one of the seven sons of this
pioneer, was born in Englaml, Xovember 1,

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488

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

1GS4. He became a wealthy fanner aiul laiul-
•owiicr in Ih-andywine hundred, his hoiuu tract
con.-^isting of (iOO acres and being known as
the Stockton jjhnntation. This tract is still in
the possession of the Grubb family. John

Grubb, 2, married Kachel , born April

4, 10i)0. They had children: L William,
born Xovember IG, 171;5, died in 177."); II.
jUary, born Fcbrnary 10, 1715; III. John, 3,
born Marcli 15, 1718, died April 10, 1780;
lY. luichel, born February 12, 1720, died in
1770; Y. Samuel, born ]\[arch 28, 1722, died
Jaiuniry 21, 1700; YI. Adam, born ]\[arch 15,
1724, (lied in 1708; YII. liichard, born June
13, 1720; VIII. Hannah, born July 2, 1728,
(lied February 24, 1810. ilr. (i'rubb died
]\Iarcb 15, 1757, and was buried in the Grubb
bmying ground in Brandywine hundred. In
liis religious liclief he was a Friend.

John Grubb, 3, great-grandfather of Isaac
N. (Jrubb, and second son of John Grubb, 2,
was born on the Stockton plantation of COO
acres, on wliich he always resided, giving its
cultivation liis constant supervision. He was
twice married. His first wife was Ifebecca

, born in January, 1727. They had

children: I. Jemima, born September 0,
1747, died July 31, 170G; II. Isaac, born De-
cember 11, 1740, died Novemb-r 5. 1831 ; III.
Samuel, born February 15, 1752, died in
1778; lY. Prudence, born February 28,
1754; Y. ifary, born IMarcli 25, 175(i, died
Xovember 24, 1701; YI. Eachel, bom Sep-
tember 21, 1758, died in February, 1700;
YII. IJebecca, born October 10, 17G0, died
Deceudjer 1, 1797. Mrs. TJebecca Grnbl) died
Deeendjcr 7, 17G0. John (irulib married as
his second wife, Lydia . Their chil-
dren were: I. Charity, bom December
30, 17G2; IT. Sarah, born September 24,
17G4, died September 24, 1830; IK. Lvdia,
born July 28, 17GG, died May 80, 1834; IV.
John, 4, born April 18, 17G8, died at sea.
John Grubb, 3, died on his plantation April
10, 1780, and was buried in the Grubb bury-
ing ground. He was a Friend.

Isaac Grubb, gi-andfatlier of Isaac X.
Grubb, was a farmer all his days, and resided
on the Stockton ]ilaniation, which had been
devised to him by his father. Adhering to
the religious faith of liis ancestors, lie felt,
when the war for independence was waged,
that he could not conscientiously take uj) arms
against his fellow-men. He, however, jiaid a

substitute to take his place in the ranks. In
his political views, Mr. Grubb was a Federal-
ist. Isaac Grubb married Margaret Craw-
ford, born April 7, 1753. They had children:
I. Samuel, born July 7, 1775; II. Kebecea
(^Mrs. Herman Talley), born August 0, 1777,
died .March 17, 1830; III. Hannah (Mrs.
James Hickman), born March 12, 1770, died
June 0, 1S03; IV. John, 5, born July 1, IT^i;
v. Isaac, 2, born May 2, 1783, died in l!55U,
was sheriif of Xew Castle county; VI. i'ru-
dence (Mrs. Henry Lodge), born August 1,
17b5; ^''I1. Adam, born February 0, 1787,
died in August, 18G7; VIII. Clarissa (Mrs.
Samuel AVilson), bom February 13, 1700,
died in Xew Garden, Chester county. Pa. ; IX.
Lydja (Mrs. Thomas J\Iartin), born ]\Iarch 5,
1703; X. William Glover, born April 0,
1705; XL Anna Maria, born September 0,
1800, died April 25, 1884. Isaac Grubb died
Xovember 5, 1831, and was interred in the
Grubl) burying ground; Mrs. Grubb died
31 arch 27, is25, and was buried by his side.
The members of the Grubb family were ad-
herents of the ;M. F. church.

Adam Grubb, father of Isaac X. (4rubb,
was born on the ancestral yJantation. He at-
tended the subscription scliools of the neigh-
borhood, and from his earliest boyliood assist-
ed in the work of the farm. The plantation
came to him by inheritance, and was his rc>i-
dence throughout his life. He made many
improvements upon it. 3Ir. (irubb entered
l)olitical life early, espousing the opinions of
Thomas Jctfer.-cm. Later he was an ardent
Jackson Democrat, and prominent in his
]iarty. Adam (irubb was married, ^May 3,
1815, to Julia A., daughter of Herman and
Priscilla (Faulk) Talley, born June 23, 1708.
Their children were: I. Lewis, born Febru-
ary 0, 1S17, died in Philadelphia, February
10, 1888; IL Herman Wesb-y, born Septem-
ber 20, 1818, died in 1807; ill. Priscilla, born
January 10, 1821, died young; lY. Isaac X.,
born iiarch 25, 1823; Y. John T., born Feb-
ruary 21, 1825; VI. Anna Maria (Mrs.
George Smith), born September 5, 1820, died
in 1884; \U. Francis II. , born October 17,
1832, died in Illinois, October 4, 185C; VIII.
Pebecca, born l^Iarcli 14, 1835, died young;
IX. Charies F., born July 15, 1837, died in
Huntingdon, Kan., October 4, 1887. Adam
Grubb died in August, 18G7; Mrs. Grubb also
is deceased; both were buried in Siloam il. E.

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STATE 01 DEL AW ABE

graveyard in Delaware county, Pa. Mr.
Cjrubb was a iiieuiber of the M. E. churcli for
more than tifty years, was an exhorter ani
class-leader, and held other offices in the con-
gregation.

Isaac N. Cnibb was born ou the homestead
and was educated in the public schools of Dis-
trict ^'^o. 4, lirandywiue hundred, receiving
tliere only the customary public school train-
ing. All his life has been spent on the farm.
He has been a practical, successful farmer and
stockraiser, and a resjx^cted and useful citizen.
lie has served as a school commissioner of Dis-
trict jSTo. 4, l^randywine hundred, and as tax
collector of the same hundred. In 18S4 he
was elected a Levy Court commissioner on the
Democratic ticket, was re-elected in ISSS,
and from 1880 to 1890 was president of the
board of commissioners. During his adminis-
tration, extensive improvements were made
in the county. lie was one of the promoters
of the Washington street bridge in Wilming-
ton, one of the most important highways in
the city, and throughout his long term of of-
fice served the taxpayers very faithfully. Mr.
Cirubb is a member of the Farmers' I'ire In-
surance (Company of Mill Creek hundred. He
is also an acti^'e member of a ninnber of secret
societies, including Lafayette Lodge, iS^o. 14,
F. and A. ii., of Wihnington; ^Morning Star
Lodge, !No. 9, K. of P., of Grubb's Corner,
and Star of IJethel Lodge, No. 19, 1. 0. O. F.;
of this last organization he is a charter mem-
ber, having aided in its institution fifty years
ago, and acted as treasurer for forty years; he
holds the rank of Past fJrand, and member of
the (Irand Lodge of the state. !Mr. (irubb
lias bi'cii a Democrat of high standing in his
party. He cast his first vote for James Iv.
Polk for president, and his last for William
J. PrNan, silver. Democratic candidate.

On'Marcli 20, 1859, Isaac N. Orubb mar-
ried -Ttdia K., daughter of William and Pe-
becca Smith, born in Sylvan, Delaware coun-
ty, Pa., in 1830. Their cliildren are: I. Jcan-
nette, born October 1, 1802, married, on Oc-
tober G, 1885, AVilliam L. Jeffei-s, commis-
.^ion merchant of Philadelphia, has children,
i. Julia, deceased, ii. Jcannette, iii. William,
iv. Helen; TI. Newton L., liorn Septendier 19,
1 SG4. Mrs. Orubb died August 20, 188 1, and
was buried in Bethel ]\r. E. graveyard.

WILLI.\:\t E. HUSBANDS, P. O. Po.k-
land, Xew Castle county, Del., son of Thumis

and Elizabeth (Petite de flange) Husbands,
was born near Pockland, Brandywine hun-
dred, New Castle county, Del., December 1,
ISlti.

Tiie Husbands family is of English descent
and have long been honored residents of Bran-
dywine hundred. William Husbands, grantl-
father of \\'illiani E. Husbands, was born near
Kockland, December 20, 1780. He began
life in comparative poverty, and enjoyed very
slender ojjportunities for obtaining a scholas-
tic education. Devoting himself to agricultu-
ral pursuits, he bacame a wealthy farmer and
landowner. Through energy and thrift he ac-
quired about 400 acres of land, upon which
he made many improvements. He was ac-
counted one of the most progressive farmers
of the hundred, took an active interest in edu-
cati(.)nal matters and was foremost in move-
ments for the public good. In his political
views he was in heartiest accord with Thomas
Jelfersuu and Andrew Jackson; he never was
an otKce-seekcr. On ]\Iarch 28, 1811, AVil-
liam Husbands was married to Jane ilcBride,
born in Brandywine hundred February 19,
17s9, datigliter of Daniel AIcBride, a farmer
of Scotch descent. They had children: I.
A'^iolet (Airs. William F. Husbands), deceased;
II. AVilliam, 2, deceased; III. liachel, de-
ceased; IV. John, retired farmer of Brandy-
wine hundred; \. Thomas; A'^I. Mary, de-
ceased; A"IL Alargaret, resides on the home
farm; A' 1 1 1. Jane, widow of Josepli AIcFar-
land; IX. Adolphus, deceased; X. Daniel, of
Concord township, Chester count}'. Pa.; XL
Elizabeth, died in youth, ilr. Husbands died
on his farm in Janiuuy, 1809; his widow died
July 7 of the same year; both were buried
in the C^nion cemetery of Newark, Del.

Thonuis Husbands, third son of AVilliam
and Jane (McBride) Husbands, was born on
the homestead farm in Brandywine hundred,
and educated in the common schools of the vi-
cinity. He remained with his father on his
lai'ge homefarm until heattained his majority,
and then settled on one of his father's farms,
consisting of 83 acres, near what is now
known as "Three Houses." There he spent
his entire life. AVith his fatlier's example as
a stimulus and guide, he iindertook the ac-
(piisition of real estate, and jiroved very sue-
c(-sfid in his tmdcrtaking. He took a deep
interest in local and national political matters
and was a leader in his community. He filled
the (itlice of road commissioner. He was a

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490

■STATE OF DELAWARE

DeuKKM-at of iiiiclinng('al)le convictions and
oc('n|)ie(l a leading position in liis pni'ty in
IJrandvwine hnndrcd. Tlionias Iliishands
was niari'icd to Elizal)Otli Petite dc Mange,
liorn in Urandywine liundred, and daughter
of Francis de llange, a Frenchman and a
farmer of Erandywine liundred. They iiad
cliihlrcn: I. Francis V.., of Siiannon Hill,
near Pliiladolphia, Pa.; II. William E.; 111.
Thomas 11., of Elm, Delaware county, Pa.;
IV. Eiigcne L., on the home farm; V. Julia J.
ifr. llushands died December 5, 1807; his
wife died April — , 1895; both are buried in
Lonibardy cemetery. I'hey were members
of the ^r. E. church, and active in congrega-
tional work.

"William E. Husbands obtained his educa-
tion in the public schools of Rockland and in
St. ^Mary's Academy, Wilmington, under the
tutorage of Iiev. Father lieilly. lie spent
two terms at the academy and then returned
to the homestead, where lie remained until
1871. Ill that year he removed to the Willow
Springs farm, a tract of 50 acres. For the
jiast twenty-seven years he has made farming
and stockraising his chief occupations. He is
widely known and respected for his honesty
and uprightness. In 1892 he was ap]iointed
delinquent tax collector, and filled that office
until 1897,"- in which year he was appointed
tax collector of Braud_ywine hundred. j\[r.
Husbands is a member of West ]5randywine
Grange, No. 13, and a jiast master. He is an
active Democrat, and influential in his party.

In 1871, at Oxford, Chester county. Pa.,
William E. Husbands was married to Susan,
<laugliter of Lewis and Julia Putter, born in
Phestcr county. Their children are: I.
Helen L., at home; IT. Clementine, was edu-
cated in the public schools of Eraudy^vine
hundred and graduated from the West Ches-
ter State Xormal School of Pennsylvania, and
for the past six years has taught school in the
Sharpley district of Erandywine luin(lre<l;
III. William E., Jr., at home. :\rr. Hus-
bands' wife and children are members of St.
Paul's ]\r. E. church, of Wilmington, Del.

WTLLIA]\r TWADDELL T ALLEY, P.
O. Eeavor Valley, New Castle county. Deb,
son of Elihu and Ann (Twaddell) Talley, was
born in Erandywine hundred, Xcw Castle
comity, Del., May fi, 1817.

The Tallev familv, one of the oblc-l in

Dcdaware, has iiuiny re]n'esentatives who are
iiilluential among the citizens of Erandywine
hundred. AVilliaiii Talley, grandfather of Wil-
liam T. Talley, was born in Hrandywine hun-
dred, and became one (jf the most successful
fanners of the hundred. In middle life !Mr.
Talley removed to IJeavcr Valley, where he
(iwiumI 4(t() acres of land. He devoted himself
to agriculture, and spent the remainder of his
life on this farm, on which he made many im-
provements. AVilliam 'J'alley was married to
Diana Stilley. Their children are: I. Curtis;
TL Harman; 111. Peter; IV. Caleb; V. Amor;
VI. Elihu; VII. Lewis; VIIL John; IX.
Sarah; X. Kesiali; all now deceased. ^Ir.
Talley, his wife and family were members of
the il. E. church. Eoth died at the home-
stead, and are buried in Falk's Cemetery.

Elihu Talley, father of William T. Talley,
was born in Erandywine hundred. He settled
in Eeaver Valley on a third of the homestead
which he received from his father's estate.
Part of this tract was valuable timber land.
This he cleared, and shipped the finished lum-
ber to Philadelphia and other points where it
was used in building ships. His whole life was
devoted to husbandry, in which he was very
successful. He was also interested in rais-
ing fine cattle. !Mr. Talley was a Democrat,
a disciple of Thomas Jefferson and Andrew
Jackson, and an enthusiastic supporter of his
jiarty. He was a good citizen, esteemed and
honored in the community. Elihu Talley was
married to Ann, daughter of William Twad-
dell, of Delawai-e county. Pa. Mr. Twad-
dell, who was a native of Ireland, was the first
manufacturer of powder in Delaware county,
Pa. Their children are: I. AVilliam T.; II.
Charles T., an invalid from his birth, died at
the home of his brother, AVilliam T. Talley.
]\Ir. Talley and his wife were membei"s of the
Episcopal church. He died at the homestead;
his widow also died at the homestead, where
she resided with her son, AVilliam T. Talley;
both are buried in the cemeterv at ^larcus
Hook.

AVilliam T. Talley attended the subscrip-
tion schools of his native hundred, but these
sdiools were poorly taught, and the winter
terms were very short. Eeing a thoughtful
lad, however, he acijuired much knowledge by
study at home and a habit of observation. He
remained at home, assisting his father on the
farm, thus gaining a practical knowledge of

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.,T inlAl

STATE OF DELAWARE

491

tlie priuciiilis of husbandry. Ilis whole life
\v;is spuiit (111 the hoinesteail, where he made
a lioiiie for his aged parents and for his af-
tlii-tc(l brotlier, caring for thcin until the time
of Ihcir ch'iilli. After liis father's death, jMr.
'J'aih^y took eliarge of the property, and began
fanning on liis own account. He is cnie of tiie
most successful agriculturists of l^randywine
huiidif'd. l!y his industry and thrift lie lia.s
adde.l to the lionie farm of 1^;$ acres, which
he inlierited, until he now owns 300 acres of
well iin])roved land. ]\[r. Tallcy is a Demo-
crat, a life-long disciple of Thomas Jetl'ersoii
and of Andrew Jackson. He is a good citizen,
highly esteemed in the hundred, and has
ser\(.d as sujiervisor of roads and road com-
missioner. Although he has passed his ciglity-
fii-st birthday, ilr. I'alley is active and ener-
getic and attends personally to all branches
of his business.

'\\'illiani T. Talley was married in West
Chester, Pa., Xovember 16, 1843, to Eliza-
beth, daughter of John and Letitia (Brinton)
Ileyburn, well-known citizens of Birmingham
township, Chester county. Pa. ]\Irs. Talley,
who was born in ISTew Castle county, Del.,
where Wilmington now stands, is a relative
of the Dilworth family, of Christiana hun-
dred, New Castle county. Their tdiildren
arc: I. Elihu D.; II. Sarah A.; III. John
Ileyhurn, fanner, mari'ied Josephine !Mac-
Donald; IV. Letitia B. ^\v. Tallev and his
family are members of the Baptist church, in
M'hich he is a deacon.

(MIABLES JONES, No. SOlMarket street,
Wilmington, Del., son of Edward and Mary
(Pitt) Jones, was born at Teubiiry, Worces-
tershire, England, August 10, 1837.

ifr. Jones' parents were born in Worcester-
shire, England, and lived and died on a farm
in their native land. They had ten children,
one of whom, Charles, emigrated to America.

Ciiarles Jones attended school in Worces-
tershire, but was soon obliged to leave school
and woi-k for wages. He loved books, how-
ever, and spent all his leisure in reading and
studying, thus gaining much iLseful informa-
tion. When he was only si.x yeare old he be-
gan driving a team for his father, and at ten
found employment as a farmer's boy. In his
fifteenth year Charles Jones went to London,
and secured a position as a valet, receiving
thirty-five ]tonnds per year. He was aflcr-

wards employed in the coal fields of Staff(ii-d-
sliiie, and two years later obtained a position
as groom and gardener witii a ciergyinan in
Tinteinvith, I'hig., where he remained for
eight years. Simple, tiirifty living cnabKd
him to save money, an<l at the end of tiie eight
yeai-s he purchased a stage and hoi-ses, which
he drove on the roiile to Ludlow. In 1.^74,
j\rr. Jones decided to seek a home in the new
western land, and wilh his wife and child,
embarked at Liverpofd, Kng., ilay 1, 1874, on
the Illinois, bound for Pliiladelphia, Pa. Af-
ter landing, he proceeded immediately to Wil-
mington, Del., where lie obtained employment
as a gardener. With the excei^tion of three
yeai-s, during which he worked as a carpenter
for the firm of Harlan & Ilollingsworth, he
retained his position as gardener until 1889,
when, on the recommendation of ^Ir. Bush,
he was appointed superintendent of Loinbardy
cemetery, which was opened July 10, ISSD.
^Ir. Jones assisted the surveyor in laying out
the grounds, dug the first grave in the ceme-
tery, and for the past nine years, has per-
formed his duties faithfully and intelligently,
giving entire satisfaction to all. He is a care-
ful, e.xact workman, and a genial gentleman,
esteemed and resjiected in the community.
]\rr. Jones is a Republican; he is a member of
St. fieorge's Society, of Wilmington, and of
Castle No. 55, Iv. of G. E., of Talley ville.

Charles Jones was married in Worcester-
shire, England, to Ann, daughter of William
Birkin, a wheelwright of that shire. After
her death he married Emma, daughter of Wil-
liam Thomas, farmer. IMrs. Emma Jones also
was a native of Worcestei'shire. Their chil-
dren are: I. Caroline B. (Mrs. Edward
Pyle), of Wilmincton, born in England; IL
C'harles P.; III. Mary S.; IV. Louise; V.
Annie; VI. Herbert; VII. William; and

three died in infancv.

\ I

VALENTINE EOPWOOD, deceased,
formerly of Brandywine hundred, New Castle
county, Del., son of Jehu and ^lary (Robin-
son) Forwood, was born on tiie Forwood
homestead in Brandywine hundred. New Cas-
tle county, Del., June 9, 1802.

^Ir. Forwood's father, Jehu Forwood,
fanner, was born in Brandywine hundred, in
I7iil. His whole life was spent in his native
hundred, where he bought and cultivated the
land now owned by his grandson, Joseph For-

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402

BIOGRAPITICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

f

wood, situated near Gnibb's Corner. The old
stone dwelling on this property was built in
1797. Mr. Forwood was a A\'liig. Jehu For-
wood was married to [Mary Ifobiiison, who was
born December 4, 1770. She was of Scotch-
Irish descent. Their children are: I. Sarah

(^Irs. Williams), born December 1,

i700; II. Lydia (Mrs. Stephen Cloud), born
November 24, 1792; II. William, born De-
cember 3, 1794, removed to Ohio; IV.
Charles, born July 13, 1797, married Diana
Johnson; V. Samuel, born August 10, 1799,
married Eliza Weldin; VI. Elizabeth (Mrs.
Jesse Kendell), born December 2S, 1801;
VII. Valentine; VIII. Deborah (iirs. Lee
Weldin), bom April 20, 1807; IX. Jehu,
born July 12, 1812, married Lydia Taylor;
X. Maria (Mrs. AVilliam Perkins), of Indiana,
born February 4, 1S15. ilr. Forwood, his
wife and family, were members of the Pres-
byterian church, ili-s. Forwood died in 1838,
and Mr. Forwood, in 1850; both are buried
at Newark Union cemetery, in BrandyAvine
hundred.

Valentine Forwood was educated in the
subscription schools of his native hundred and
remained at home working with his father
until he attained Ids majority. While a
young man he purchased his homestead, a
farm known as the Aldred property. Here he
spent the remainder of his life, farming, rais-
ing fine cattle, and making many improve-
ments. Mr. Forwood was a Whig, and after-
wards a liepublican. lie was interested in
public affairs, and was a member of the board
of school connnissioners of Brandywine hun-
dred. A true Christian gentleman, always
ready to extend help to otliers in time of need,
he was highly esteemed and honored in the
hundred. Valentine Forwood was married to
Hannah, daughter of Joseph AVe^din, an old
citizen of Brandywine lunidrcd, where his
danghter, Mvs. Forwood, was born. Their
children are: I. Rebecca, deceased; II. Mary
J., deceased; III. Elizabeth (Mrs. John Mous-
ley); IV. Parker, died in youth; V. Stephen,
died in youth; VI. Martha, ■widow of Thomas
Booth. Mr. Forwood and all of his family
were members of the Episcojial church. He
died at the homestead in 1891; his wife had
died in 1885; both are interred in Xewark
Union cemetery. .

Thomas Booth, deceased, formerly of Beth-
el townsbi]), Delaware county, Pa., son of

James and Lydia (Forwood) Booth, and son-
in law of Valentine Forwood, was born at
Booth's Corner, Bethel township, Delaware
count)'. Pa. He was edncated in the schools
of his nati\'e t<iwnship, and di.'voted himself to
agricnitnre, spending his whole life vn his
farm in Bethel township. j\Ir. Booth M-as a
Ivcpubliean, interested in all the affairs of the
county, hut ne\Tr sought political preferment.
He was honored and esteemed in the coni-
mnnity for liis Christian character, good judg-
ment and business abilit}'.

Thomas Booth was married at Booth's
Corner to ilartha Forwood. ]\Ir. Booth was
a consistent member of the ]\I. E. church. He
died at his home in Delaware county, Pa., in
1891, and is buried in Siloam M. E. ceme-
tery. His widow resides at Talleyville, Del.
Her generous disposition and hearty kindness
and hospitality have won the love and esteem
of her friends and neijrhbors.

JOSEPH AlILLEi;, P. 0. Grubb's Store,
near Wilmington, Xew Castle county, Del.,
son of George and Sarah riaylor) ililler, was
born in Christiana hundred, Xew Castle coiui-
ty, Del., Angust 25, 1805.

Mr. Miller's father, George ililler, was a
native of Ireland. After his father's dearh,
George, then quite young, accompanied his
Andowed mother and his two lu'Others to
America. They settletl in Christiana luuulred,
where Mr. ^lillcr devotril himself to the cul-
tivation of the soil. Ilu afterwards removed
to Brandywine luindred, in the same county,
and assumed the management of the Blue Ball
Tavern. Five years later, he purchased 80
acres of wild land, which, with the help of his
sons, he cleared and brought under cultiva-
tion. He erected on his farm a comfortable
dwelling with a barn and outbuildings, and by
careful, intelligent labor made of this waste
laiul a valuable property. Air.' Miller was a
Democrat, a fidlower of Thomas Jeffei-son,
highly esteemed and respected in the
county. George Alillcr was man-ied to
Sarah Taylor, a relative of > the Springer
family of X^ew Castle county, Del., and
a distant relative of the late James G.
Blaine, of Alaine. Their children are: I.
Alartin, deceased; II. James, deceaseil; II [.
Jonas, deceased; IV. Joseph; V. Hiram, de-
ceased; VI. George, of Brandywine hundred;
VTI. Alaria, widow of Piobe'rt Kirk; VTII.

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^^i. ^. '^-.^cc^e^^^

STATE OF DELAWARE

495

Sarah, tlicil in yoxith. ^Ir. ^\lillL'r and liis wife
\wix' consistent members uf the Xewartc
I'nion M. K. cinircii. He not only helpetl to
LniKl tiiis uhnreh, but wa.s always ready to
contribute liberally to its support. He lived to
celebrate his eighty-seventh birthday, be-
loved and honored by all who knew him. He
and his wife died on the farm and are buried
in Xewark Fnion cemetery.

Joseph .Miller was educated in the sulwcrip-
tion schools of Jh'andywine hundred. lie was
unable to attend school except duriui;; the
short winter sessions; the summer months and
all his leisure hours were devoted to a.ssisting
his father in clearing the homestead. At the
age of fifteen, ilr. ililler left home to learn
carpeuti'v under William J5oyd, manager of
the car))enter shojis of the DuPont Powder
Comiiany, and having become a skilled work-
man in that dejiartment, was placed under
ilr. !Mur])liy, millwright, also in the DuPont
works. For eighteen years he was employed
as carpeilter and millwright in the DuPont
works, receiving twenty-four dollars per
month. In IS-'jS Mr. Miller purchased the
iKuncstead, 0(1 acres of land known as the Oar-
land tract. For the past sixty 3'ears he lias
devoted himself to farming, market-garden-
ing, and raising fine cattle. He has made
many improvements on his property, erecting
a handsome dwelling, barns and outhouses.
He is interested in all of the affairs of Hrandy-
wine Inuulred, and has served as supervisor of
roads, and as a member of the board of school
commissioners, ilr. Miller cast his first presi-
dential vote in 1828, for Andrew Jackson,
Democrat, and voted for his re-election in
1832. He was identified with the Democratic
piarty until the hard cider cam]iaign of 1840,
when he voted for William Henry Harrison.
IMr. ^Miller's land fiirnished the timber, and
he himself helped to construct the log cabin
which was built in Brandywine hundred and
taken to TJaltimore, !Md., during that memora-
ble contest. He voted the Whig ticket from
that time until 1800, when he became an
active worker in •the Iiepublican ranks. Ho
has attended eighteen presidential elections,
and cast his last vote for William ]\rcKin-
Icy in 1890. He has never .sought political
]ireferment. !Mr. ililler is strictly temperate
in all his habits, and by his industry, integ-
rity and good judgment has won the confi-
dence and esteem of all who know him. His
■2S

long and useful life is crowned by an active
and honored old age. Ninety-three well-spent
years have left him in the en jo^yment of all his
faculties, and able to attend to all the details
of his business. His mind is strong and clear,
and his memory is excellent, lie is an inter-
esting talker, and delights in telling stories of
old times, especially anecdotes of the war of
1812; that war he remembers distinctly.

Josei)h ililler was married, in 1827, in
Brandywine hundred, to Flizabeth, daughter
of Joseph Robinson. Of their three children,
two died in infancy; the third, Sarah (_Mrs.
Joseph ]k>eson), of Litchfield, HI., died in
18t»8. ilrs. Miller died in 1S.32, and is buried
in Xewark Union cemetery. Hi 1834, ^Ir.
^Miller was married to Sarah, daughter of
Kb.enezer and Elizabeth (Rodmand) (larlaml.
ilrs. ^Idler's fatliA was a carpenter, and was
a native of Brandywine hundred. The chil-
dren of Joseph and Sarah ((larland) ^liller
are: I. ^Jfary Elizabeth, married Amor G.
Forwood, both deceased; IT. Rebecca T., de-
ceased; III. Maria, at home; IV. Beulah W.,
ileceased; Y. Josephine, married to the Rev.
Thonuis B. Hunter, of Hockessin, Del.; VI.
(iarland, died in youth; VII. Francina, de-
ceased; \'^III. , died in infancy. Mrs.

Sarah Miller died in 1848, and is buried in
Xewark Fnion cemetery. ]\Ir. ^Miller was
married in 1853 at ^larcus Hook, Pa., to Re-
becca, daughter of John ^I. Turner, formerly
mayor of Wilmington, Del. They have two
children: I. Margaret; II. Joseph, both died
in youth. PVtr forty-five years ilr. ]\Iiller and
his wife have enjoyed all the hajipiness which
is found in a well-ordered Christian home.
Mrs. Miller's gentle, refined manner and cor-
dial hospitality have made her a general favor-
ite. For sixty years ilr. IMiller has been a
mendjcr of the il. E. cluirch; he is active in
all good works, and contributes liberally to
every benevolent enterprise. He assiste<l in
the organization of the Sunday-school at X'ew-
ark Union church, Brandywine hundred, and
labored faithfully for its success. He is be-
loved and honored in the county for his long
and iLseful life and his rijie Christian char-
acter.

CLARK WEBSTER, P. O. Wilmington,
New Castle county, Del., .son of Clark and
Elizabeth (Abbott) Webster, was born at
Sunny Slope, the farm on which he now resides,

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49G

BIOGRArniCAL ENCYCLOPIWIA

in Erandvwine Imn.licd, Xew Castle county,
Del., Xovenilicr 10, IS.'Jt.

'I'lionias AVcbstor, grandfather of Clark
Welistcr, a repre?cntati\e of one of the olde>t
families in Urandyuinc hundred, was Imru in
that hundred, where he owned and cultivated
a farm of 100 acres, now the home i>f his
^ },q-an(lson, Clark Webster. lie spent his whole
life on this farm, whicli he greatly improved;
his fields yielded rich harvests, and his cattle
■were always of the best breeds and in excel-
lent condition. Mr. Webster was a Whig, in-
terested in ]jublic affairs, but not an titfice-
seeker. Tliomas Webster nuiriied ]\rargaret
Clark, a native of Delaware. 'J'heir children
are: I. ifargaret (Mrs. l?obert Johnson);
ir. Sarah (Mrs. William Ihmby); HI. Eliza-
beth (Mi"s. Benjamin Ilanby), of ]5randywine
hundred; IV. Jane (■\rrs. James ilurphy), of
Xew Jcr.sey; V. Isabella (ilrs. John Jordan);
\1. Thomas, died aged nineteen; VII. (lark;
\Ul. Mary (Ifrs. Owen Zcbley). :Mr. Web-
ster and his wife were members of the Bethel
1[. E. church. Both died at the homestead,
and are buried in tlie cemetery at Bethel IM.
E. church.

!Mr. Webster's father, Clark Webster, was
born at the homestead and educated in tlie
subscription schools of his native huiulred.
His life was devoted to agriculture, and was
spent on the homestead which he inherited.
Mr. Webster was very successful in general
farming and in raising fine cattle, lie not
oidy increased the value of his patrimony, but
secured a competence which enal)led him to
retire from the cares of active farm life. He
built for himself a comfortable home on the
farm, and there, for twenty years, enjoyed tlic
rest and ease whicli were the rcwanl of his
years of toil and economy. He was a Whig,
and afterwards identified himself with the Be-
jiublican party; although he was interested
in ])ublic affairs, he never desired political
preferment. Clark Webster was married to
Elizabeth, daughter of Jolm Abbott, a well-
known citizen of Brandy wine hundred. Their
children *are: I. Margaret (Mrs. Hiram
Lodge), deceased; IT. Thomas, died in youth;
III. Tvebecca A., deceased; TV. IMary, de-
ceased; V. John, deceased; VT. Isaac, de-
ceased; VII. Sara, widow of Beece Baldwin;
VIII. and IX. twins, Martha and T-llizabeth,
widow of Lewis Bird; X. Jane Ann ('^^rs.
James A. T\'rkins), deceased: XL dark, 2.

ifr. Webster and his wife were ciin.^istcut
members of the il. E. church, in which he
was a steward, and one nf tlic board of trus-
tees. He died at the home>tcad in ISTI, liis
wife died in 1^<(!(); butli arc intci'rcd in the
cemetery at Bethel ^I. L. church.

Clark Webster, Li, received his education
in the public schools of Brandywine hundred.
He inherited the homestead, where he s])ent
his whole life, devoting himself to husbandry.
AVhen his father retired from active farm life,
ifr. AVebster took charge of Sunny Slope,
wliere he, now resides. Besides general farm-
ing, he has an extensive dairy, and pays par-
ticular attention to live stock; his cattle are
all blooded animals, and are kept in excellent
condition, ilr. AVebster has not only ini-
jiroved the homestead, but has added acre to
acre until he now owns several farms besides
the one on which he resides, all of which arc
cultivated by his sons. IMr. AVebster is a Be-
pul)lican, and has served his hundred as road
commissioner and as a member of the board
of scdiool commissi(jners. He belongs to the
Patrons of Husbandry.

On Eebruary 3, 1S59, Clark AVebster was
married, in Concord town-hip, Delawar'}
cdunty, J'a., t(j Bebecca A., daughter of Dut-
ton and ^fargaret (Zebley) Pyle, who were
])rominent members of the ]\L E. church, and
the descendants' of old families of Delaware
county. Pa., wliere their daughter, ]\rrs. Clark
AVebster, was born. Their children are: I.
Thomas, farmer of Concord township, Dela-
ware county. Pa., married Ella Barlow; IT.
deorge AV., whose farm, on which he resides,
adjoins his father's, married Laura, daughter
of Curtis ^r. Talley, of Brandywine hundred,
Xew Castle county, Dcd.; III. AVilliam, cul-
tivating one of his father's farms, man-ied
Charlotte Ijlwards; I A". Elizabeth, ilied in
vouth; A'. C. Ijlward, fanner, married Sarah
Talley; A'L Dutton P.; VTI. Clark A. :\[r.
AVebster and bis wife are members of the
^r. I], idiurch. He is highly esteemed and
hcpiiored in the community, where his pleas-
ant, hospitable home is e\'('r o]ien to a large
circle of friends. ]\rrs. AVebster's gentle kind-
ness and intelligent conversation make her a
general favorite. All of their cliildrcn have
rccei\'ed a liberal educati(jn.

CEOBC.E L. ]\riLLEB, P. O. AVilming-
ton, Del., son of Ccorgc and Sarah ( fayloi-)

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STATE OF Dh'LAWAHE

497

Miller, was born at tlie liluc Ball hotel, in
]5i'antlv\vine hundred. New Castle connty,
Del., November 11, 1811.

(ieorge L. ]\Iiller Avas educated in the sub-
scription schools of the district. lie remained
at home, attending school during the winter
months and helping his father to clear and
impro^'c the homestead. At the age of
eighteen he entered the DuPont works, study-
ing under William Murphy, millwnght, and
having served his apprenticeship, worked at
his trade in the same establishment ior twen-
ty years. In 1848 ]\Ir. ililler abandoned his
trade and purchased his present home, a farm
of OS acres, then owned by his brother, Jonas
Miller. Here he has lived for the past fifty
years, devoting his time to farming, market
gardening, and raising fine cattle. lie has
made many improvements, erecting a ho>iso
and barn and beautifying his property. 'Mr.
^liller cast his first vote for Andrew Jackson
in 1S32, but voted for the AVhig candidate,
William Henry Harrison, in 1840, and in
18G0 identified himself with the Republican
party. He has not desired political prefer-
ment and has never accepted any oftice except
that of road commissioner, which he held for
several terms. Mr. ]\liller is strictly temper-
ate in all his habits, never using tobacco or in-
toxicants in any form. He is an efficient busi-
ness man, active and enei-getie, and a good
citizen. AVith the exception of his bi-other,
Joseph ilillcr, he is the oldest inhabitant of
Erandywine hundred, and, although he has
passed his eightj'-seventh birthday, he enjoys
firm health, and is able to attend to all the
details of his biisiness. He is esteemed and
honored in the community for his good judg-
ment and upright character, and beloved for
his kind disposition, which makes him a friend
to all in need.

(ieorge L. Miller was married. May 14,
1834, to Jane, daughter of Robert Akin, an
infiuential farmer of New London, Chester
county, Pa. ^Frs. ]\riller, who was btirn in
Donegal, Ireland, was in early youth when
lier jiarents emigrated to America. Their
children are: I. Letitia (Mrs. Samuel Sar-
ing), deceased; II. Louisa, widow of Joseph
P. Blackburn, of New Castle hundred. New
Castle eiiunfy, Del.; III. James, died in
vouth; \y. William A., married Emma J.
Walker, dic^l in mi.ldle life; V. :\Iary fMi-.
Lewis V. Tallev), of Branilvwine hundred;

VI. Sarah ]\I. (ilrs. Ceorge Watson), farm-
ing the homestead; VII. George W., carpen-
ter, Wilmington, Del.; Vlll. Robert; IX.
Fraidc, died in yiiuth. Mr. IMiller finds his
cliief pleasure in his home. For sixty yeai'B
he and his estimable wife enjoyed a full meas-
ure of domestic happiness. In 1SS4 they cele-
brated their golden wedding, when all their
children, grandchildren, and great-grandchil-
dren gathered to do them hounr. ^Irs. ^liller
died November G, 1805, and is buried in the
I'nioii cemetery, at Newark, J)el.

JOHN TALLEY, P. O. Wilmington, New
Castle county, Del., son of Thomas and ^lary
(Wehlon) Talley, was born November 15,
1813, on the farm on whi^h he now resides in
Brandy wine hundred. New Castle county,
Del.

Thomas Talley, farmer and stone mason,
father of John Talley, was born on a fann sit-
uated on the Falk Road, in Brandywine hun-
dred, where he learned his trade ami worked
at it for a number of years. In the fii-st part of
the present century, !Mr. Talley purchased
a farm of GO acres, on which he liuilt
a house and barn. Here he spent the re-
mainder of his life in cidtivating and improv-
ing his property. He was a Democrat, liberal
in his views, and never sought or accepted any
office. Thomas Talley was married to Mary
"Weldon, who was bom in Brandywine hun-
dred. Their children are: I. Eliza bom !March
8, 180G, died October 13, IS'Jl'; IL George
W., deceased, a farmer of Brandywine hun-
dred, born Febmary 7, 1808; ill. Alban, born
^larch 15, 1811, died in youth; IV. John; V.
Hannah, born July 25, 181G, married Jacob
R. Weldon, both deceased. !Mrs. Talley was
a member of the IMouut Pleasant M. E.
church, active in all good works, and greatly
behned for her kindness and liberality. Mr.
Talley was liberal in his religious views. He
and his wife died at the homestead; both are
buried in Union cemetery, at Newark.

John Talley's educational advantages were
limiteil; he attended the subscription schools
of Brandywine hundred, but the schools were
pooiHy cquipjjed and the teachers inefiicient.
He devoted himself to farming, and s]ient his
whole life on the homestead, cidtiN-ating and
im])roving his ]iro])erty. Hi' is one uf the
nicist sui'cessful agriculturists in Brandywin'3
hiuiilreil. ~Mv. Tallev was a Dc-uiccraf, but it

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498

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

the time of the Civil War, intlueuced by con-
seientious motives, he ideutitied liiiuself with
the Keijublieau party and has since then
voted that party's ticket, lie is interested in
jjulilie affairs, but has never held ottiee. ilr.
Taliey is genial and hospitable, well-read and
interesting in conversation, lie has a fine
,constitution, and is entirely unaetiuainted
with sickness. lie has never woni spectacles,
and is able to read the smallest print without
ditiiculty.

John Taliey was married to Sarah, daugh-
ter of Isaac Stidham, a well-known resident of
Brandywine hundred, where ^Irs. Taliey was
bom. Their children are: I. Eliza Jane
(Mrs. Isaac R. Staats) of Blackbird hundred,
New Castle county, Del.; II. Isaac S., a
fanner of Bi-audywine hundred, married
Eliza Beeson; III. Anna ^lary, married
Lewis ilcCrea, a farmer of Brandywine hun-
dred; IV. John, farming the homestead, mar-
ried Lily, daughter of William Mayne; V.
Louise (Mrs. John F. Carver). ]\Irs. Taliey
was a consistent member of ilount Pleasant
IM. E. church. She died at the homestead, in
1893, and is buried in Union cemetery, at
Xewark, Del.

BAYARD GUEST, P. 0. Bellevue, New
Castlo county, Del., son of Joseph B. and
Maria (Wilkinson) Guest, was born in Bran-
dywine hundredj New Castle county, Del.,
September 23, 1821).

Among the original settlers of the part of
Delaware now included in Brandywine hun-
dred were representatives of this family,
whose members have all been useful and in-
fluential citizens. Joseph B. Guest, father of
Bayard Guest, was born on a farm in Brandy-
■wine hundred, where he spent his whole life.
Here he owned a tract of land which he im-
proved and cultivated until the time of his
death. He was a Republican, interested
in public affairs, but not an office-
seeker. Joseph B. Guest was married to
Maria AYilkinson, * native of New Castle
county, J)(l. Their children are: I. Bayard;
II. Henrietta (^Irs. Stephen Thompson), de-
ceased; III. James Henry, a prominent farmer
of Brandywine hundred, decea?cd; IV. ilary;
V. Alfred W., of Los Angeles, Cal.; VI. Mar-
tha, nian-ied Daniel Ferguson, both deceased;
'VII. Joseph AV., a farmer of Brandvwine
hundred, ilr. Guest and his wife died at the

homestead; both are buried in the Union cem-
etery in Newark, Del.

Bayard Guest attended the district schools
of his native hundred, and remained at home,
assisting his father, until he attained his ma-
jority. In 185U ho began learning bricklay-
ing at Wilmington, Del., with John Flyiui.
After woi-king at his trade for five years, .Mr.
Guest returned to Braiulywine himdred, and
settled on what is known as the Fairview farm,
a tract of -15 acres, then owned by his father-
in-law, Edward Beeson. For more than forty
years, Air. Guest made tiiis j)lace his home.
He devoted himself to farming and market
gardening, and made many improvements ori
the proix;rty, building a barn, suitable out-
building's, and a comfortable frame dwelling,
which was beautifully situated, and command-
ed an extensive vie^' of the Delaware and of
the sun-oimding country. In 1892 he rented
his fann, and since then has been living in re-
tirement at liis home on the banks of the Del-
aware. !Mr. Guest is a Republican, and ims
served as road commissioner for one term. So-
ciety has no chanus for him. lie prefei-s the
quiet of country life, and the companionship
of his genial, loving wife. Both are benevo-
lent and hospitable, beloved and esteemed by
their friends and neighboi-s.

Bayard Guest was married, in 1853, in
Brantly wine hundred, to Alary Jane, daughter
of Edward and Alary (Stedham) Beeson.
They have two children: I. Eliza Jane; II.
William. Both died in infancy.

Airs. Guest's grandfather, Edward Beeson,
a native of Brandywine hundred, was of Eng-
lish ancestry. lie owned 400 acres of land,
/ind was prominent in the hundred as a suc-
v-'cssfid farmer ami a raiser of fine cattle. His
whole life was spent on his farm in Brand*'-
M'ine hundred. lie was interested in pubiii;
affairs, and identified himself with the Whig
party. Edward Beeson was married to Alary
Stedham. Their children are: 1. Edward;
II. John; III. Henry; IV. Alice, dccea-ed.
Air. Beeson and his wife died at the home-
stead; both are buried in the Union cenu-ti ry
at Newark, Del.

Edward Beeson, father of Airs. Bayard
Guest, was born on the Beeson homestead, edu-
cated in the public schools of his native hun-
dred, and remained with his father until ho
attained his majority. On lea^nng home, he
received from his father the gift of a farm of

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STATE OF DELA]YARE

499

175 acres situated on the lianks of tlie Deia-
■ware. Here -Mr. Beesou spent his life, devot-
ing himself entirely to agricidture. His prop-
erty was well cultivated and highly improved.
He also biiilt a large, eomfortalde stone dwell-
ing, with a barn and outbuildings. He was
a Whig, interested in public affairs, but never
sought pulitieal preferment, luhvard Beesou
jiuirried ^lary, daughter of Jacob IStedliam, a
well-known citizen of Brand^'wine hundred.
Tiieir children are: I. William, died in youth;
II. John, died in youth; 111. Henry, died in
youth; I\'. Eliza, widow of James Henry
Guest, brother of Bayard Guest; Y. ^fary
Jane (Mrs. ]3ayard Guest); VI. Edward, died
in vouth; VII. Lydia A. (Mrs. William v'.
Keilum), of Biasa, 111.; Vlll. Anna Maria
CMrs. il. T. Shellam), of Los Angeles, Cal.
Mr. Beesou and his wife were highly esteemed
by their friends and neighboi-s. ^Ir. Beeson
died at the homestead in 1852, and is buried
in the Union cemeteiy, at Newark, Del.; his
widow died and was buined in !iIacoui}iu coun-
ty, III, in 1S70.

WILLIAM BIGLER LIVER:\I0BE,
Bellevnc, Xew Castle county, Del., son of
Jose])h and Margaret (Biiiler) Liverniore, was
born in ^leircr county, Pa., April 10, 18-10.

Joseph Livermore, his father, was for
many years commissioner of the Penn-
sylvania canal, and afterwards held a po-
sition in the United States custom house, in
Xew York City, X. Y. He was married to
Margaret Bigler, a sister of William P>igler,
governor of Pennsylvania from 1S52 to 1855.
Of their three children one died in youtli;
those sur\a\'ing are: I. William B. ; II. Elor-
ence (ilrs. Eranklin Fielding), of Clearfield
county, Pa. ^Ir. Livermore died in Xew
York City, N. Y., in lS(iO;his wife died in
Harrisburg, Pa.

William B. Livermore attended the publi ■
schools of fiercer county. Pa., and the high
school at ^liddletown, Dauphin county. Pa.,
and completed his scholastic course at Emaus
Institute, at Middletown, Pa. After his grad-
uation, he sacured a position as clerk in a store
in 'Middletown, where he remained for two
years. In 1 859, ^Ir. Livermore was appointed
page to the United States Senate, at Wash-
ington, D. C. He held this position during
the stonny sessions of 1850, 'fiO and 'fil, and
was enabled to listen to the most eminent men

of the country, as they discussed the important
ciueslions of the day. He heard Jefferson
iJavis, Senator from Mississippi, afterwards
})resident of the Southern Confederacy, make
his last speech on the Hoor of the Senate, and
on ^larch 4tli, 18(31, saw the inauguration of
the tii-st Bepublican president, Abraham Lui-
coln, the martyr. In the spring of ISGI, Mr.
Livermore went to Philadel[)hia, Pa., where
he had secm'cd a position as clerk in the drug
store of Mr. Goodyear. On August 10, 1801,
he enlisted in Comjiany C, Eleventh Pennsyl-
vania Cavalry, Col. Harlan, Captain John
Struthers, and served fur three yeai-s. The
corjjs to which the regiment belonged was sta-
tioned in Southern Virginia, and was under
the command of Generals Butler, Dix, aiul
Wool. ;Mr. Livermore took ])art in several en-
gagements, and was nuistered out at Bermuda
Hundred, August 20, 18^4. Returning to
Philadelphia, he resumed his duties as clerk,
but constant confinement so impaired his
liealth that he was oliliged to change his occu-
]iation, and he obtained a position as line-man
fcir the Western Union Telegraph Comjiany.
In ISCS, while working at Frankford, Phila-
del|ihia, ho fell from a pole and broke both
legs. Three months later, having recovered
from the effects of this accident, jMr. Liver-
more learned telegTai^hy, and found employ-
ment in Philadel])hia as an operator on the
city lines; he afterwards held a sinnlar position
on the West Chester and Philadelphia Raib
road. His duties were so promjitly and ef-
ficiently discharged, that in 1ST4 he was ap-
]iointcd an extra ojierator for the Pennsyl-
vania Railroad Company. In 1875, he se-
cured his a])i)ointnient as operator for the P.
W. and B. R. R., at Edgemoor, Del., and in
the same year was removed to Bellevue, where
he .spent five years as operator. In 1880, the
company testified its appreciation of his ser-
^-ices by making him their agent at Bellevue.
In the same year, he was appointed agent for
the Adams Express Company in that place.
]\Ir. Livermore still holds the.se positions, dis-
charging the duties devohnng upon, him -with
characteristic promptness and fidelity. In
1882 he became postmaster of Belle-\Mie, re-
ceiving his commission from President Ar-
tliur. His genial manner, his exactness and
willingness to oblige, make him a general
favorite. For sixteen years he has managed
the business of the office to the entire

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500

BWGBAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

satiifactiou of Lis eiiiployurs and of
their patrous. ill-. Livenuore 13 a Demo-
crat; he is interested in public att'airs,
aud although active in politics is not a partisan.
He has served on the board of school conunis-
bioners of District No. '2, JJrandywiue hun-
dred, and by his iuti'grity aud ability has won
the confidence and esteem of all who know
iiim. ilr. Liverniore is a member of the Vr.
A. R., and of Oriental Lodge, No. 27, A. F.
and A. M., of Wilmington, Del.

AVilliam Bigler Liverniore was married, in
Philadelphia, Pa., in 180(3, to Lavinia Davis.
Of their five children, three died in youth; I.
Laura ^[.; II. Katie; III. Helen. Those sur-
viving are: I. William D., telegraph operator
at Laiuokin, Delaware county, Pa.; II. E.
Horace, telegraph operator for the tower of
the P., \Y. and B. K. R., at Bellevue, Del.
]\lrs. Liverniore was a member of the Baptist
church. She died, ISToveniber 27, 1889, and
is buried in Lafayette cemetery. Jlr. Liver-
more and his family are members of Blount
Pleasant "M. E. clniivh.

GOLDSMITH C. NAILOR, P. 0. Wil-
mington, Del., son of William and Sarah E.
(A\'illiams) Nailor, was born in Appoquini-
niink hundred, New Castle county, Del., J iue
5, 1853.

Xoble Nailor, grandfather of Goldsmith C.
Nailor, was born and reared in Cedar Creek
hundred, Sussex county, Del. He was a wheel-
wright, and after working at his trade for sev-
eral years in Jlilton, Sussex county, Del.,
turned his attention to farming in Cedar
Creek hundred. In 1835, he sold out and re-
moved tT) New Castle county, Del., and set-
tling in what is now Blackbird hundred, de-
voted the remainder of his life to farming.
Noble Nailor was first a Whig, but later be-
came a Democrat. He served in the war of
1812 as a drummer boy, aud was a great favor-
ite in his regiment. Noble Nailor was married
in Cedar Creek hundred, Sussex county, Del.,
to Elizabeth Cummings. Their children arc:
T. Sarah Cyirs. Evan Watts), deceased; TI.
John, died inl89G; ITL William; lY. Robert,
of Appoqninimink hundred; V. an infant, de-
ceased. 1\[t. aud ]\rrs. Nailor were faithful
members of the M. E. church.

William Nailor, second sou of Noble and
Elizabeth (Cummings) Nailor, was born in

Cedar Creek hundred, December 2-1, 1S2I:.
lie attended school there until his father re-
moved to Ap^joquinimiiik hundred, aud re-
mained with liis parents until 1643. Eor two
}ears he worked the farm near Odessa, which
iic icntcd (,t .Mark Davis, then rented the John
L}naui farm for four years. J\lr. Nailor con-
tinued to rent dill'erent farms in Blackbird
hundred for many years, and at length pur-
chased the Pennington farm, consisting of 15G
acrts. He spent about $'J,UOO in improving
this property, and in 1872 added lOU acres to
his farm, and began fruit culture. He was
the most extensive i)each cultivator in that sec-
tion, and continued the business until 1695.
]\lr. Nailor's kindness of heart led him to con-
fide too much in the honesty of others, and his
losses from this cause compelled him to sell his
farm. He bought a tract of 20 acres near
Smyrna, Del., where he is still engaged in
raising fruit and poultry. During the war of
the Rebellion, William Nailor enlisted in the
Sixth Delaware Regiment, Company C, Col-
onel E. Wilmer, and Captain Jacob Iloffecker,
and served nine mouths as a member of the
home guard, on duty at Blackriver and Havre
de Grace, ild. He was an old line Whig at
first, and later became a Democrat.

In 1843, at Smyrna, Del., AVilliam Nailor
was married to Sarah E. AVillianis, who died
January 10, 1S8S. Their children arc: I.
]\fary E. (^Irs. AV. H. ilonev), of Townsend,
Del.; IL AVilliam AV., a fanner; IIL Gold-
smith C. ; IV. L. Scott, a farmer of Appoquiu-
imiuk hundred. AVilliam Nailor was married
again at Smyrna in 1890, at the M. E. church,
by Rev. ]\Ir. AVilson, to JIary E., daughter of
Samuel and ifartha (AVelsh) Bennett. ^Ir.
and ilrs. Nailor are mendiers of the ]\[. 1*].
church, in which ^\v. Nailur is a class leader
and an active member.

Goldsmith C. Nailor attended the public
schools of Blackbird hundred and remained at
home until he reached his twenty-second year:
he then rented the 200-acre farm of J. P. Col-
lins for three years. For a time he was in
New York, in charge of his father's fruit in-
terests, but returned to Blackbird hundred,
and rented the farm of Benjamin Collins at
Green Springs, for two years. 'Mr. Nailor
then came to AVilming-ton, and learned car-
building with dressers. .Tackson & Shaqi, fur
whom ho worked eleven years. In 1891 IMr.
Nailor was ajipfjinted Superintendent of

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STATE OF V FLAW A HE

501

Riverview Cemetery, and has faithfully and
creditably tiJled the position biucu that time.

Mr. Xailor is a Democrat, and has held va-
rious local otKces in lilackbird hundred, lie
is a member of tlio Fairfax Lodge, No. S, 1.

0. O. F., of Wilmington, a Past Grand, and
is Past CI rand Master of the State Lodge.

(joldsmith 0. JSfailor was married in 1874,
to 8al-ah J''., daughter of James 15. Hall, of
Blackbird hundred, who died Sej)tember D,
1883, aged thirty-live. Their children are :

1. Elmer J]., student in the College of Phar-
macy, of Philadelphia; IL Herman G., a sten-
ographer and bookkeeper of Philadelphia; and
two who died in infancy. Mr. and Mi-s.
Nailor and family are members of the M. E.
church.

J. ATWOOD WELUIN, P. O. Wilming-
ton, son of Jacob and Hannah (Talley) ^V el-
din, was born in Brandywine hundred, Jan-
uary 21, 1855.

Isaac Weldin, grandfather of J. Atwood
Weldin, was born in Brandywine luuidred Oc-
tober 17, 1770. He learned carpentry when
j-oung, but after giving several years to this
businc!^4, bouglit land near the Blue Ball Ho-
tel, and devoted the rest of his life to farming
and stock-raising. Isaac Weldin was married
to Hannah, daughter of Jacob Tussey, of
Brandywine hundred. Their children are: I.
Jacob, born June 12, 1821; II. Catherine
(Mi-s.BobcrtBarrow), born December 9, 1S22;
ITT. Frederick, born July 1, 1825; V. 'Mary
A., burn October 11, 1827, deceased. Isaac
A\'eldin (lied on his farm and was buried in
!Xewark I'nioii cemetery; his wife was again
maiTied to Joseph Zebley. She was a member
of the ^fount Pleasant congTcgation, and is
buried in its churchyard. Jacob Weldin was
born on the homestead farm, and was educat-
ed in the subscription schools of the vicinity,
lie learned to farm, and after his father's
death took charge of tlfe homestead, on which
he made many improvements. He bought
the Cherry Hill farm of 200 acres from Dr.
Logan, of Philadelphia, and was extensively
engaged in stock raising and dairy farming
until his death. He was a Democrat and tilled
several local offices. Jacob Weldin was mar-
ried to Hannah, daughter of Thomas and
Mary (Weldin) Talley, of Brandywine hun-
dred. Their children are: I. Elizabeth, born
November 7, 1810; IT. Isaac, born Januury

oO, 184U, died November 5, 1853; III. Lewis,
born October G, 1851, died Novendjer 7, 1853;
IV. J. Atwood; ^^ Thomas, burn August 18,
lb57. Jacob Weldin was for a number of
years tru.-tee and treasurer of the J\lount
Pleasant ,M. E. church, of which he and his
wife were earnest and faithful mendjers. Mr.
Weldin died December 24, ISUl, in the
seventieth year of his age. iMrs. Wehlin was
born July 20, 181(5, and died January 5,
181)2, just one week after her husband's
death. They are both buried in the Xewaik
Union Cemetery.

J. Atwood Weldin was educated in the
public schools of Brandywine luuidred, tinisli-
ing his course at Professor Beynolds' academy
in AVilmington. He then returned to his pa-
rents, and when they removed to the Cherry
Hill farm he remained on the homestead, and
engaged in dairy farnung and stock raising.
After his parents' death, he removed to the
Cherry Hill farm, and is one of the most ex-
tensive dairy farmers of the hundred. ^Ir.
Weldin is a Democrat, and has served as
school director. He is Past Master of the
AVest Iirandywine Orange, and a member of
the state Grange; a mend)er of Industrial
Lodge, A. O. I'. W., Wilmington, and Past
Chancellor of K. of P., Xo. I'J, Talley ville.

J. Atwood Weldin was married in January,
1879, in Brandywine hundred, to Clara,
daughter of Lewis and (Zebley) Tal-
ley. Their children are: I. Jacob K.; TI.
Howard L.; III. Hannah Elizabeth; IV.
Frederick L.; V. ^label; YI. Ethel; VIL
Paul. ]\rrs. Wilson died August 3, 1895, and
is buried in Lombardy cenieteiw. She was
a member of Bethel il. E. church, and was
highly esteemed f<jr her Christian character.
]\Ir. Weldin is a trustee and tlie treasurer of
the Bethel j\I. E. church.

JOHN ANDEBSON HABBIS, P. O.
Box 50C, Wilmington, Del., son of John and
Elizabeth (Anderson) Harris, was born Sep-
tember 11, 1817.

The first mend)ers of the Harris family to
come to this country were a nuui and his
wife and tlu'ir twelve sons, who emigrated
from England in colonial days and came to
New York. The descendants of this fanuly
are now scattered through the Western, Alid-
dle and Atlantic states. Some of the .■^ons
went to Ohio, and settled there, and one.

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502

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

named Barney Harris, great-grandfatlier of
John A. Harris, came to Delaware, and en-
gaged in shipbuilding in "Wilmington. Bar-
ney, after his marriage, lived in A'ew York
for the remainder of his life. The ehildren
of Barney and his wife Klizaheth Harris
were: I. Abigail, horn March 18, 1730; II.
ilary, born January 10, 17o2; III. James,
born February 20, 1734; IV. Richard, boru
February 11, 1730; V. Edward, born .May 7,
1731); VI. George, born November 23, 1741;
VII. Thomas, born January 5, 1743; VIII.
Bernard Cozens, boru ilareh 5, 1745; IX.
Elizabeth, born ]\Iareh 24, 1747, died iu in-
fancy; X. John, born July 1, 1750; XL
Elizabeth, born January 22, "^1753; XII. Na-
than Popple, born December 24, 1758.

Barney Cozens Harris, grandfather of
John A. Harris, was a shipbuilder and built
the schooner Perry Anger, which he owned
and sailed, freighting flour, etc., along the
Delaware. During the Revolutiouary war,
the commander of the British cruiser Poehuck
ordered "Pope's Jack" to capture all pro-
vision vessels of the enemy. So the Pernj
Anger with her load of flour Avas captured and
taken to Philadelphia. Captain Harris re-
ceived rough treatment from Pope's Jack,
wdio threatened him several times with his
bayonet. This Pope's Jack was a brutal man,
and Captain Harris predicted to his jiersecutov
that he would be hanged when the Americans
gained their freedom, which prophecy was
fulfilled, for, later, the Americans caj)tured
and hanged him at Wilmington, as a punish-
ment for the robberies of which he was guilty.
He was identified by Cai)tain Harris. Wliile
on parole in Philadelphia, Captain Harris
managed to get possession of his money, which
he had* hidden on his schooner; with it be
escajied to Wilmington, where he remained
until his death, but he never regained his
schooner. Captain Hams was a sup)iortC'r of
the ju'inciples of Thiinnis Jetferson. Tu 1772
Barney Cozens Harris was married to ^farga-
ret ilarshall, of Wilmington, Del., who was
born September 5, 1745. Their children
are: I. Elizabeth (Mrs. Enoch ^foore), bom
February 25, 1773, died Decend)er 5, 1817;
II. Jaincs, born ifarch 10, 1774, died Aujiust
27, 1776; III. Sarah, born August 17, 1775,
died August 27, 1770; IV. John, born Janu-
ary 18, 1777; V. James, 2, born Decendior
18, 1778; VT. :*rary (Afrs. Kirklnnd), born

February 4, 1781, died October 7, 1800; VII.
Margaret, born N^o\'eniber 4, 1783. Captain
Harris was a member of the Society of
Friends, but during the Kevolutionary war
was the tirst to enlist iu the home guard. He
was a man of candid and direct speech, of
kindly disposition and upright life. He died
Febriuu'y 25, 1825, aged eighty, ilrs. P. C.
Harris was also a Friend, a consistent Chris-
tian and a devoted wife and mother. She
died January 1, 182'J, and is buried beside
her husband in the Friends' Cemetery, We~t
street, Wilmington, Del.

John Harris, father of John Anderson Har-
ris, was born in AVilmington, January 18^
1777, and learned and carried on his father's
business, siiending his whole life in Wilming-
ton. He was a Democrat, and served in the
city council for some years, conscientiously
fulfilling all his duties. John Harris was
married to ]"'lizabeth Anderson, who was born
March II), 177!). Their children are: I.
Barney Cozens, 2, boru \\m\ 8, 1800; II.
Letitia (.Mrs. tieorge JIagee), born November
10, 1801; III. John, born August 23, 1803,
died in infancy; IV. ]\Iargaret, born August
5, 1805, died April 17, 1849; V. Eliza, boru
September 0, 1807, now liAang with her
brother, John A. Hams; VI. Alary, Ijorn
December 27, 1809, died September 10,
1880; VII. Anna (Mrs. AVilliam Thatcher),
born December 11, 1811; VIII. Susanna
(Airs. Jacob Sinex), born January 24, 1814;
IX. John, born August 18, 1810, died in in-
fancy; X. John Anderson; XL Keziah
Aloore, born April 2, 1827, died Alarch 23,
1857. Airs. Harris was a member of the
Afethodist ehtu'ch, and Air. Harris of the So
ciety of Friends; after their man-iage, Air.
Harris always attended his wife's church, but
did not become a meudx-r of it. His death
occurred j\Iav 3, 1873. Airs. Harris died
July 15, 1853.

John Andei-son HaiTis was educated in the
Friends' school of AVilmington, and in the
academy taught by Professor Bankin. At
the age of fifteen, he entered his father's shi]v
yard and learned the business in all its
branches. He become his father's partner and
business manager at the age of twenty-two,
under the firm name of J. & J. Harris. Tn
1800, his father retired from liusiness and
Air. Harris continued alone until 1802; he
built and equijiped tlie first marine railroad.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

503

He was largely interested, and managed a
number of vessels engaged in the coast and
foreign trade; also worked and superintended
a large farm south of Wilmington. .For sev-
eral years -Mr. Harris was engaged in the man-
ufaetm-e of soap, and in the lumber business,
through which he became interested in real
estate. In 188-4, he removed to Brandy wine
hundTed and bought a farm known as the
Veale farm tract, where he has lived for the
last fourteen years, looking after his many
business interests. Mr. Harris is a Democrat,
but has never accepted any public otiiee.

John Anderson Harris was married, in
1839, in Wilujiugton, to Catherine, daughter
of !Mordoeai Flagler, who was born in New
York, on tlie banks of the Hudson. Their
children are: I. Kdgar V., farmer, of Burt
county, Neb.; II. Francis, deceased; III. Al-
bert, residing in the Avest; IV. Lester, de-
ceased; V. Wilbur, deceased. Mrs. Catherine
Harris died in Wilmington. She was a mem-
ber of the il. E^ church, and was buried in
the Asbury ^[. E. cemetery. John Anderson
Harris was married the second time, in New
York City, to Althea Flagler. Their children
are: I. Olin ^Marshall, deceased; II. ilinnie;
III. :\Iartha; lY. Charles K., of Philadelphia,
Pa.; Y. Fannie. -Mrs. Harris died August 2,
1805; she, as well as Mr. Harris, was a mem-
ber of the ilethodist church. The blisses
Harris arc Presbvterians. -

ALFRED DUPONT HANBY, P. O.
Carjjcnter Station, New Castle county, Del.,
son of James Gmbb and Anna (Johnson)
Hanby, was born August 2, 1838, near Ilan-
by's Corner.

Iiichard Tlanby, great-grandfather of Al-
fred IX Hanfiy, was a native of Fmgland; he
settled in Brandywine hundred, acquired the
land which is now the site of TIanby's (\)rncr,
and farmed it until his deatli. He is buried
at ifarcus Hook. Bichard Hanby was mar-
ried to Bachel Hickling: their children were:
J. AVilliam: II. vSamuel; ITT. Benjamin; lY.
John; Y. Diana; YT. Elizalieth (INfi-s. Bichard
Grubb). ^Nfrs. Bichard HanViy went to Illi-
nois with her daughter, died, and is burie<l
there. Jolin Hanby, f'^iu'th son of Bichard
and Bachel fHickling) Hanby, spent l*is life
in Brand,A'^\nne hundred as a farmer. He
made many improvements on his farm, the

country being yet comparatively new. He was
a Democrat. John Hanby was mamed to
Charitv (hnibb, of Brandywine hundred; their
chihhvn are: I. Bichard; 11. William; HI.
John, died, in infancy; lY. Bebecca C.. (Mrs.
John Friel); Y. James (Jrubb; \'L Charh^tte
]\r., widow of Adam Prince; Vll. Mary (Mrs.
Thomas Lee Tallcy); YIII. John _W.; IX.
SannuT; X. Josei)h; XL Benjamin; XII.
Charity (Mrs. Joseph Jlousley); XIII. one
who died in infancy, ilr. Hanby was an
Episcujialian. ]\Irs. Tlanby was a member of
the I>ethel M. E. congregation, and she and
her husband are buried in its churchyard.

James Crubb Hanby, fourth son of John
and Charity (Grul)b) Hanby, was born on the
Hanby homestead, and chose the occupation
of his father. He at fli-st owned forty acres,
his share of the homestead farm, but by thrift
and industry increased his estate to 1G5 acres.
He was a Whig, and aftenvards a Bepublican.
James G. Hanby was nuan-ied to Ann, daugh-
ter of Bobert Johnson, of Delaware county,
Pa. Their children are: I. Han-iet (Mrs.
John Petitedemange); II. Hon. Bobert J.,
State Senator, died in 1S9S; III. ^largaret
(^Irs. George Moore), deceased; lY. Alfred
DuPout; y! Mary (Mrs. William I5ullock), of
T)ela\v;xi-e county, Pa.; YI. Eliza (Mi-s. Pen-
nel Eyre); YII. Louisa (ili-s. Charles AVil-
liaras), of Delaware county, Pa.; YIII. Fan-
nie (ill's. Joseph Armstrong), of Delaware
county, Pa.; IX. Charlotte (ili-s. Franklin
Smedley); X. Samuel; XL Carrie. Mr. and
ihs. Hanby were members of the i[. F.
church. 'J hey are interred in the Siloam il.
E. cemetery.

Alfred DuPont Hanby was educated in the
Haidjy school under AVilliam Bowland and
]\Iilton Barlow^ He learned carpentry with
Henry White, who was then emphjyed by the
DuPonts, and has since then been engaged as
a carpenter and builder. His business is
chiefly in Delaware county. Pa., and New Cas-
tle county, Del., including AVilmington. His
work has been most successful. In 18U1, !Mr.
Hanby removed to Carpenter's Station, where
he built a large dwelling house and store, and,
in addition to his other business, gives his per-
sonal attention to the management of the
store. IMr. Hanby is a Bef)uljlican, and was
one (<{ the first to support John C. Fremont,
in 185G. He was a candidate for the State

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504

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Legislature in 1876. Mr. Hanby is a muiiiber
of the I. O. O. F. He enjoys tiie esteem of
liis I'ellow-eitizens.

Alfred DuPont Ilanby was married Feb-
ruary 17, 1SG3, in Delaware cuunly, I'a., to
Ilannali A., daughter of Parker and Po! e ca
(A\'ilson) (h'een. Their ehildren are: 1.
Katherine 11. (Mrs. John lil. Kini;), <<( IJrau-
dywiiie Imndred; If. K. ilay; HI. Aiiua J.
(Jlre. James C. Couly), of Wilnuugton; IN'^.
]\label B.; V. Harriet P. The faudly are all
nieudters of the -^[. K. eluirch.

ISAIAH DAY MOUSLKY, P. 0. Pelle-
vue, Del., son of Charles and ilary (Aldred)
iluusley, was born near Talleyville, Hrandy-
wine hundred, Xew Castle couiitv, Del., June
1-1-, 1S30.

The Mouslcy fandly is of English descent;
it was well represented in the Pevolutionaiy
war, and in that of 1812. (Jeorge ^lousley,
grandfather of Isaiah I). Mousley, s]ient his
entire life in Brandywine hundred, where he
owned a farm. He was a AVliig, and was
mueh esteemed by all who knew him. George
!Mousley was married to Catherine Ponlston.
Their children were: I. Curtis; 11. Titus;
III. Mary (Ihs. Bradley); IV. ^lanxavct; X.
George; YI. William;" VII. John; VHP
Peuben; IX. James; X. Iluniphrey; XL
Sarah (Mrs. Elias Pierce). All are dead ex-
cept ]\ri-s. Pierce, who is a widow and resides
in Wilmington. Mr. and Mre. George Mous-
ley were members of the M. E. church; they
are buried in the Xewark Union cemetery.

C'urtis Mousley, father of Isaiah D. iIou9-
ley, was ed\icated in the subscription schools
of Brandywine hundred. After his marriage
he bought a tract of CO acres, and erected a
stone dwelling, barns and out buildings, lie-
sides making many other improvements. Hero
Le spent many yeai-s farming and rearing
stock. In his latter years he retired from farm-
ing and lived in Talleyville. He was a Whig,
afterwards a Pepuldiean, but never sought of-
fice. Curtis ]Mousley was married three times.
The only child of his first marriage is Lydia
Ann. Those of the second are: I. irary;ir.
George; HI. Sarah; IV. Amy. His tiiird
wife was ilary, daughter of William and
Catherine Aldred. Their children are: I.
Joseph, deceased; II. Curtis, deceased; III.
Catherine (Mrs. Joseph Petitcdcmaiige), of
Mill Creek Imndred; IV. Thomas, deceased;

V. John, of Illinois; VI. Isaiah Day. ^Ir.
Mousley was a member of the Presbyterian
ciiurch, but is b\iried with his wife in Chadd's
Ford Baptist cemetery. The last Mrs. Mous-
ley was a Baptist.

Isaiah Day Alonsley received a [jublie slioni
education and learned farndng anil carpen-
try, making the latter his regular occupation.
He learned his trade with John J\istice, and
tinished his term before reaching his niajurity.
In IbCiS ilr. ilonsley removed to his present
home, near Carcroft, and devoted his enerjiies
t^j market gardening. .Mr. Mousley is a lie-
publican; in ISttG he was elected road com-
nussioner, which oitice he fills to the satisfac-
tion of all. He has been school clerk of the
district, and gives all educational interests liLs
earnest attention. Mr. ^lousley is a member
and past chancellor of ^[orning Star Lodge,
Xo. 9, K. of P., of Grubb's Corner.

Isaiah Day ]\Iousley was married, in 1852,
in Marcus Hook, to Phebe Anna, daughter of
William and Sarah (Stern) Weldin. Their
children are: I. Cyrus E., a farmer of Bran-
dywine hundred, married Josephine L. Pal-
mer; 11. Levi Monroe, carpenter, married
^lary McClintoek; III. Henry AV., farmer,
married Annie Bartlett; IV. Ilarley A., a
farmer of -Mill Creek hundred, nuirried Ida
Petitedenuange; V. Hannah (Mrs. Lewis Pal-
mer); VI. Oliver T., carpenter, manied Clara
Lee; VI L Sarah Emma. Mr. jMousley and
his fanuly are uiend>ers of the M. E. church.
Mr. ]\Iousley has served as teacher and super-
intendent in the Sunday school.

The Weldin family, one of the oldest and
most respected fannlies of Brandywine h\in-
dred, is of Irish descent. Joseph AVeldin,
great-gTandfather of Airs, ilousley, was a sad-
dler, and spent his life in Delaware, wdiere
lie farmed dui'ing the latter part of his life.
Joseph AVeldin married Alargaret Ilobinson,
whose family settled in Delaware in the col-
onial period. Their ehildren were: I. Je-se;
II. George; III. Joseph; lA^ Anna (Mi-s. Ca-
leb ilartin); X. Rebeera (A[rs. irdlvin); VI.
Hannah (.Airs. Gibson); A^IL Margaret (Airs.
Joel Keid).

Joseph' Weldin, 2, grandfather of :\Ii-s.
ilousley, was born on the AVeldin homestead,
and was a carpenter and builder, but devoted
the latter part of his life to farming and stock-
raising. Il(! was a Democrat. Joseph AVeldin
was married to Kebecca, daneliter of AVilliam

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STATE OF DELAWARE

505

Tusscy, of Swedish descent. Their eiiiUh-uii
Mere: I. John, a sohlier of the war of lfS12;
II. William; 111. Joseph; IV. Kliza (.Mrs.
Saninel Forwood); V. lieorge; VI. llaiiuah
(ilrs. Valentine Forwood); VII. Levi; VI II.
I.-<aac. ^Ir. and Airs. A\'eldin were aieudiers
of the E]Mscopal (diurch; they are buried in
Xewark Uidou cenieterv.

"William Weldin, fatiier of ]\Ii-s. ]\lons]ey,
was born near Shellpot Park, on the Weldiu
homestead, in IT'JU, and learned shoemaking.
lie settled on a tract of 150 acres of land,
where the greater part of his life was spent.
He afterwai'ds removed to Penny Ilill, on the
Philadelphia turnpike, where he died in 1SS2,
aged eighty-six. lie was a Kcpubliean,
and served as school director and road comnas-
sioner. lie was collector for Cherry Island,
]\rai-sh county, over 20 years. William Wcl-
din was married to Sarah, daughter of John
and I'hebe (McFarlanc) Sterne, of Chester
county, Pa. Their children are: I. !Maria,
a teacher, deceased; II. Ann Eliza (^Irs.
Jacob S. "Wcldin); III. Stephen Cr., of Kead-
ing. Pa.; IV. Hannah, of Pen-y Hill; V. Ke-
becca Jane, deceased; VI. Phebe Anna (^Irs.
I. D. ilouslev); Vlf. Sarah Louise (Mi-s.
Samuel Philij.s); VIII. William Alfred, .lied
in Illinois; IX. Wesley C, resides with IMi^s
Hannah Weldin; X. Henry II., deceased. ,Mr.
and ^Irs. Weldin were devoted mendiers of
the ]\1. E. church, and are buried in the ]\Iount
Pleasant !M. E. cemetery. ]\Irs. Weldin's
death occtirred in 1837.

JAilES S. :\IEGILLIC.AX, P. O. Holly
Oak, Xew Castle county, Del., son of James
and Hannah (Buckingliani) ]\[egilligan, was
born in Brandywine bundled, Xew Ca>tle
county, Del., December 17, 184G.

Patrick ^legilligan, grandfather of James
S. ^legilligan, a native of Jreland, emigrated
while still a young man to the United States
and settled in Delaware, near Ilockesdn, .Mill
Creek hundred, Xew Castle county, where he
devoted himself to agriculture. He had seven
children: I. James; II. John; III. William;
IV. Samuel; V. Thomas; VI. MarvC^frs. Wil-
liam Cann); VII. Ellen (Mrs. Vvcis).

Tlieeldcstof thisfamily,Jame3 Megilligan,
was born and educated in ^lill Creek huudre(l.
His life was spent in the cidtivatiini df the
soil, in which he was verv successful, .\ftrr

his nuirriage, James !Megilligan removed to
P<randywine Inuulred, Xew Castle county,
and ivnte.l the DnPont farm, on which he
spent I he remainder of his life. He was a
AVbig. James ^iegilligan was married, in
!Mill Creek hundred, to Hannah, daughter of
Iiichard Ijtu'kingham, a meudjer oi one uf the
old families of that hundred. Their children
are: I. .Mary E. (^Irs. Oliver Smedley), of
Chester county, Pa.; 11. William, farming in
Alaska, served during the Civil War in the
First Delaware Battery; HI. Jane, died in
youth; IV. Annie; V. James Elwood; VI.
Samuel, dieil in early manhood; VIT. Sarah
(Ihs. Colin McXichols). Mr. :\Iegil!igan and
his family were members of the ]\I. E. church.*
He died at his home, June 1, 1875; his widow
died in January, 187C. Mrs. ilegilligan was
a Friend, but connected herself with the .M.
E. church; she and her husband are buried in
the Wilmington and Brandywine cemetery.

James E. [Megilligan attended the pultlic
schools of Brandywine hundred, and com-
pleted his scholastic course at Clarkson
Taylor's Friends' school. He remained at
home, assisting his father, and after his
father's death, liegan farming for himself on
the DuPont ))lace. Here he opened a dairy,
which soon ac(|uired an enviable reputation.
In lSil7, ]Mr. ^legilligan removed to the Per-
kins farm of 75 acres. The products of his
farm and dairy find a ready market at the best
prices; he is also interested in raising fine
cattle, in which department he is particidarly
successful. He is a stanch Republican, and
an active worker for the success of the jjarty.
]\fr. Megilligan is a genial gentleman well-
known and popular in the conmiunity. In
1SS4 he was elected road commissioner, and
ser\cd for one term ; for four years he was a
member of the Pepublican county committee,
lie was at one time a candidate for sheritf of
Xew Castle count v. ~Mi: ilegilligan was a
mend.er of the I. 6. O. F., the K. of P., an,l
the Patrons of Husbandry, and now belongs
to DuPont Lodge, Xo. 20, A. F. and A. :\I.,
of Henry Clay.

James Elwood ifegilligan was married, in
187li, in Bi-andywinc hundred, to ('lara,
(laughter of Alfrc(l ^furpliy, ami grand-
daughter of William ^Murphy. Their cdiil-
di'cn are: 1. Caroline; II. Edward; HI. Her-
bert, died in youth, ilr. ilegilligan's family
are members of the 11. E. cluirch.

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506

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

WILLIAM J. IIOFMANN, New VasWe,
New Castle county, Del., son of diaries and
Caroline (Steede) llofinann, was born in Phil-
adelphia, Pa., September 28, 1871. Charles
Ilofuiann, father of William J. llofmann, was
a hotel keeper of Ciermany. lie was married
to Caroline Steede, who was also a Ciernian,

A\'illiam J.Ilofmaiinis the able and intelli-
gent editor of the New Castle iWicv. lie is
a Ivepublican, interested not only in tlie polit-
ical but in the general affairs of the eountiy,
and is secretary of the city Board of Health.
ilr. llofmann is a member of the ilasonie
Order.

COL. J. HENRY KOOKPS, New Castle,
Del., son of James and .Maria ( Booth) Rogere,
■was born in New Castle, ]\lay 1, 1S17.

His great-grandfather, James Rogers, a na-
tive of England, emigrated to America in
1G05, ■with his family, and settled in Accomac
county, Virginia, where he spent the re-
mainder of liis life upon his plantation. This
fauiijy were among the earliest settlers of Vir-
ginia, and many of them ■^verc active in the
colonial anny in the revolutionary struggle.
James Rogers was a member of the Chureh of
England. His son, Daniel Rogers, grandfa-
ther of Col. Rogers, was born in Aeconuic
county, and there spent liis boyhood. AVhen
a young man, he removed to ^lilford, Del.,
and devoted his attention to fanning. Daniel
Rogei-s rejn-esented his district in the Senate
of Delaware, of which lie was elected s])eaker.
In 17il7, he was elected to succee<l Oovernor
G. T^edford as governor of the State, and
filled that office for two years. Daniel Rogers
was twice nian-ied; his first wife was l"]sthcr

; their children were: I. James, born

J\ray 12, 1780, died Sejjtember 15, 1808;
IT. Thomas W., born ilarch Ifi, 1782, died
January 18, 1865; III. I^etsev, born Septem-
ber 2, 1784, died October 8, 1791; IV. :Mo1-
ton C, born March 11, 1780), died September
27, 1803; he was Secretary of State luider
Oovernor Shulze of Pennsylvania; on April
15, 1S2G, was commissioned a justice of the
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania; after the
adoption of the new constitution, he wa.s re-
commissioned by Governor Porter and re-
mained on the bench until 1851; V. Daniel
M., born May 10, 1789, died October 21,
1820. Mi-s. Esther Rogei-s died :\[ay ^^2
1789.

The second wife of Daniel Rogei-s was

Nancy . They were married January

5, 1790; their children were: I. John, born
November 12, 1790, died January 13, 1833;
II. Samuel, born Decemiier 20, 1792, ilied
October 21, 179-1; III. Clement, bom May
25, 1795; W. Hannah, born 1797, died
September 8, 1857, wife of James Booth,
(diief justice of the State of Delaware; Y.
^Villialll, born Noveudier -i, 1799; VI. ^fary,
born .March 2, 1802, died February 28, 1885;
VII. Henry, born January 18, 1804.

!Mr. Rogers died February 2, 1800, and
was buried at ililford, Delaware.

His son, James Rogers, was born at South
IMilforJ, Sussex county, Delaware, ]May 12,
17S0; in the same jdace he passed his boy-
hood and received his elementary education.
At the age of seventeen he entered Princet(jn
College, New Jersey, and after a two yeai-s'
coTirse, was graduated in 1799. lie then be-
gan the study of law in the office of Nicholas
Ridgely, Est]., of Dover; but after the aji-
pointment of that gentleman to the chancel-
lorship, in 1801, he removed to New Castle,
aiui finished his ])rcliminary studies in the
office of NiclKjlas Van Dyke,' Esq. Mr. Rog-
ers was admitted to the Ijar, !May IS, 1803,
and practiofd until 1815, when he was ap-
pointed attornej'-general of Delaware by Gov-
ernor Rodney, under whom he held the office
for five years. He was re-appointed by Gov-
ernor Jacob Stout in 1820; in 1825 by (iov-
ernor SamuelPaynter, and in 1835 by Gov-
ernor Caleb P. Bennett, thus holding the of-
fice of attt)rney-general for twenty-five years.
James Rogei-s practiced law f(jr more than
thirty-seven years; his judgment was higldy
resjiected, and his o])iiiions on legal questions
were constiuitly sought. In 1840, he retired
to jirivate life, and spent the rest of his life on
his farm, Booth Hurst, in New Castle hun-
dred. James Rogers was man'ied at New
Castle, April 10, 1807, to Maria, daughter of
Hon. James and Ann (Clay) Booth, both na-
tives of Delaware, ^[i-s. Rogers was born at
New Castle, Febniary 27, 1780. Their chil-
dren are: I. James, born February 19, 1808,
died in infancy; IT. "William IT., Ixirn June
30, ISIO, a graduate of Yale College, i)rac-
ticed law at New Castle and Wilniingtim, was
Deputy Attorney-General of the State and
TTnited States District Attorney, died in
Washington, D. C, in 1800; III. James, 2,

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STATE OF DELAWARE

507

born June 1, 1812, served in the United
States Kevenue Department, spent the latter
part of his life on his farm, is deceased; IV.
E. Eugene, born February 21, 1814, resides
on tlie homestead of Jiooth llurst, Kew Cas-
tle hundred; \'. Edward, born ilay 2."), ISIO,
died in childhood; Yl. J. Henry; \'ll. Ju-
lian, ^I. 1)., born April 2(3, 181'J, is deeeiised;
VIII. IvDbert Clay, born June 2, 1821, served
during the ilcxican war in the United States
Xavy, is United States Commissioner at Sitka,
Alaska; IX. Eliza Jacobs, born Eebiiiary 8,
182^, died August 17, 1848, was the wife of
Lieut. Jos. Nicholson Barney, of the I'nited
States Xavy; X. Daniel, bom Januai-y 2d,
1825, is a lawyer of San Francisco, Cal.; XI.
!Maria Jiootii, born May 14, 182T, died in in-
fancy; XII. infant, born May 2, ltt31, died
in infancy; XI II. Anna, born ilay, ls;jy,
died in infancy. Mr. Rogers was -wddely
known and held in high esteem; he was noted
for physical as well as intellectual activity.
Au accomplished equestrian, he could ride a
horse as well at the age of eighty-eight as any
man of twenty-tive. He was a Democrat of
the Jefferson and Jackson type. Ills death
occurred in ISG'J, and was deeply regretted
by the citizens of New Castle. ]\Irs. James
Kogers died on the farm, March 12, 1870,
and was buried at New Castle. They were
both members of the Episcopal Church.

J. Henry Rogers was educatetl in the sub-
scription Schools of New Cattle and at Newark
College. In 1835, he began the stuily of civil
engineering on the B. & il. B. 11. at Andover,
^lass., and was engaged in that profession un-
til 1850. From that date until 185<i, he re-
sided at Booth Hurst, and since that time has
made his home in New Castle, leading a re-
tired life. His politics are Democratic, but
his opinions on current cpiestions are forme<i
independent of partisan inlluence. ^Ir. Bog-
ers is a useful and patriotic citizen, always en-
deavoring to further the interests of the town.
He was one of the promoters of the New Cas-
tle wool factory and milks, and is interested
not only in increasing the material wealth of
the town, but in enhancing its beauty and
salubrity. To his cfFijrts are largely due the
fine parka and public squares with which New
Castle is embellished. ITe takes a warm in-
terest in the history of his native State, and
lias in his possession many relics of Washing-
ton, Penn, and other celebrated men. ^fr.

Bogcrs inherits much of his father's athletic
force and activity. Although au octogenar-
ian, he may boast of being still one of the fin-
est skaters in Delaware, and can manage a bi-
cycle as skilfully as any young man uf one-
tuurth his years. He holds a commission as
colonel of the State militia.

In Bhiladelphia, I'a., on July 17, 1850, J.
Henry Bogers was married to ilary G.,
daughter of Edward Ingraham, a well-known
resilient of that city, where Mre. Bogers was
born. The children of Mr. and Mrs. J.
Henry Uogers are: I. Edward Ingraham;
11. Caroline Barney; III. Pauline Henry; all
residing at home. Mrs. Bogers died in New
Castle in 18t»2. Mr. Bogers is a member of
the Episco]ial Church, and for many years
held tlie office of vesti-j'man.

Hon. James Booth, Sr., maternal grand-
father of Mr. Bogei-s, was born at New Castle,
Del., February G, 1753. He was Chief Jus-
tice of the Court of Common Pleas fron; 1799
to 1S28. Although not a member of the
bar, he had great aptitude for the law, and
sound judgment. He was also a close student
and a man of careful observation and reten-
tive memory, so that his judicial duties,
throughout the whole of his long ser\-ice on
the bench, were performed most creditably
and acceptably. He w-as a Federalist. Judge
Booth occupied a jiosition of intlucnce, both
in public and in private life. He spent the
greater portion of his life in jmblic seiwice.
Prior to his appointment as Chief JiLstice, in
which position he succeeded Hon. Bichard
Bassett, January 28, 1799, he had been sec-
retary of the Delaware constitutional conven-
tions of 177(5 and 1792, a naval officer in
1777, marshal in 1778, and secretary of state
in 1778-79, under Governors Bodney, Dickin-
son, Clayton, and Bedford; and presidential
elector in ISOS. Judge Booth died at New
Castle, February 3, 1828, and was succeeded
on the bench by Hon. Thomas Clayton.

His son, Hon. James Booth, Jr., was born
at New Castle, Novend)er 21, 1789. He was
gi'aduated from Princeton College, studied
law at Litchfield, Conn., and was admitted in
1812 to the bar of Delaware. Having jirac-
li'-ed with distinction and success for nearly
t' irty years, on ifarch 12, 1841, he succeeded
t(j the office of Chief Justice, his predecessor,
Hon. Bichard H. Bayard, having resigned.
His judicial duties were discharged with such

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508

BIOGEAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

aljility, integrity aii<l urbanity as to secure for
liim both puljlie resjicet and enduring personal
regard. Judge liouth nuin-ied tlie sister of
]Lun. James liogers, jVttorney-tieueral of Del-
iiware. He died Mareli yj, 1855, and was suc-
ceeded in his ottice by lion. Samuel ]\1. llar-
ijiigton, who afterwards beanie chancellor.

- .lAMES GRAY KNOAVLES, New Castle,
Del., son of George G. and jMartha C
Knowles, was born in Delaware county, Pa.,
near the town of Darby, August 3, 1S3T. lie
received his early education at home, and at
the age of nineteen began to learn the business
■of cotton nuinufacturing, in the establishment
oi Abram IJiakeley, at Chester, Pa. From
l.^ri) until lfi(j;i, he was in business for him-
self in that place, engaged in tiio spinning of
cotton yarn. In the latter year, -lames G.
Shaw having just completed his mill, in jSTew
Castle, the two gentlemen formed a partner-
ship for the manufacture of cotton yarn, un-
der the firm name of Shaw & Knowles. Add-
ing machinery for wool-spinning, they con-
tinued the business thus enlarged until 1871,
when, their partnership being dissolved, ilr.
Knowles devoted his attention exclusively to
the manufacture of woolen goods, at tirst
leasing a part of the factory hitherto used by
the firm. Two years later, he erected mills,
liaving four sets of woolen machinery. Twice
have these buildings l)een destroyed by fire,
in 187S and in 188-1; but botli times they were
immediately rebuilt, the second time with ad-
ditions and improvements. A further addi-
tion was made in 1886, wlien four new sets of
machinery were put in, and the number of
looms increased to two Imndred, making ilr.
Knowles' factory one of the largest and most
thoroughly equipped in the State.

Its operations are carried on in four build-
ings, a main building of two stories, measuring
300 by 48 feet; another two-story structure,
whose dimensions are 80 by 30 feet, a drying
and finishing building of one story, 120 by 34
feet, and a picking room, also a one-story
structure, 83 by 34 feet. Two engines are in
constant nse which have together IfiO horse-
power. The mill has an electric light plant
and an automatic fire apparatus, and is well
supplied with fire-escajies ami other precau-
tionary appliances, as well as with all the most
approved facilities for turning out a ]iroduct
of superior quality, in quantities adcMpuite to

all denuinds. This product consists of medium
grade "cotton worsteds," fur the men's cloth-
ing trade, which are turned out at the rate of
over seven thousand yards daily, and disposed
of to manufacturers in all parts of the country,
through .\lr. Knowles' New York olfice.

The prospei-ity of this industry is mainly
due to ilr. Knowles' watchful attention to all
departments of the bushiess, and his diligence
in planning and carrying out such measures as
secure the most satisfactory results practica-
ble. It is gratifying to add that he is noted
also for his kind and liberal treatment of the
hundreds of employees retpiired by his exten-
sive operations; a course which has caused the
affairs of the factoi-y to move along for many
years with very little friction, ilr. Knowles
is not only a business man, but a man of cul-
ture, a lover of art and literature, and of do-
mestic and social pleasures.

James Gray Knowles was married in 18G4,
to Ella M., daughter of Kev. "William Urie, a
well-known minister of the ]\I. E. church.
Their children are: I. JMartha; II. George.

JOSEPH E. VANTINE, New Castle,
Delaware, son of AVilliam and Sarah (John-
son) \"antine, was born in I'iiilailelphia, Pa.,
ilarch 29, 1835.

The Yantine family had its origin in Hol-
land. William Yantine was born in Philadel-
jjhia in 1810, and received his education in
that city in both the English and German
languages. From his youth he was engaged
in boating on the Pennsylvania Canal. Dur-
ing the war of the Kebellion, the family did
faithful and abundant service in the Union
cause. Although he had completed his fifth
decade, Y'illiam Yantine eidisted, and served
three yeai-s in the United States army, giving
also three sons to the service. He had in
earlier life supported the Y'hig party; he died
a stanch adherent to Republican principles.
!Mr. Yantine was a member of the I. O. O. F.
in Philadelphia. His death occurred in 1879.
His wife, Sarah Johnson, to whom he wa.s mar-
i-ied in Philadelphia, was of English descent.
Tlieir children are: I. Joseph E. ; IT. J\Iary
(^Irs. John Robinson), of Philadelphia, de-
ceased; TTI. Samuel, served in the war of the
Rebellion, resides in Ohio; lY. Jane (Mrs.
Samuel Saunders), of Philadelphia, decca-ed;
Y. Y'^illiam, veteran of the late war, resides
at the Soldiers' Home, Hampton Road-, Ya. ;

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' "I',

STATE OF DELAWARE

509

VI. Saiiili {Mi-i. Andrew CI lover), rhiladel-
Ijliia, dLeciifftl; \'li. Georg-u W'., of New Ciia-
tle, Del. -Mrs. Vantiue died in riiiladelplua;
she and the family were members of tlie -M.
E. Cliureh.

After obtaining an education iu the public
schools of i'liiladelphia, Joseph E. Vantine
spent some time with his itncle, on an oyster
boat. 'At the age of sixteen, he entered the
siiops of William ilerrick, in order to learn
the business of blaeksraithing. Seven years
later, his apprenticeship being ended, he as-
sumed the jiosition of tireman on the U. S.
ship Minnesota, and spent three years in
Chinese waters. During the war of the Rc-
liellitiu, the vessel was ordered home. !Mr.
^'^autinc then enlisted, and served throughout
the war as lii"st-class fireman on board the U.
.S. war ship L'lcJnnond. He was one of those
whose service, being not only of the hand, but
also of the willing and ingenious mind, was
more than doubly valuable. lie originated
the plan of. arming war vessels by suspending
chain cables about their most vulnerable
parts, which was used with such telling effect
by Admiral Farragut upon his victorious lie 't.
ilr. \''antine received a me<lal for drawing the
fires from under the boilers on the boat after
a shell had struck it in the battle of Moiiile
Eay, in token of the gratitude of the II. S.
government. After recei\'ing his disehargi^ at
the lironklyn Navy Yard, SeptcmberlO, ls(14,
Mr. A'antine became engineer in the iron
works of IMorris, Ta.sker & Co., Philadelphia,
and resided in that city until the comjiany
transferred him to the plant at New Castle,
in 1S73. He held his position there imtil
1895, when a paralytic stroke disabled him for
work, and he has ever since been confined to
his lujuse. Mr. Vantine has always been a
^^•arm supporter of the Republican party, but
lias never sought oftice. He is a member of
the Farragut Veterans' Association, and
]\rarshal of the Honor Legion, both of Phila-
delphia. He is Past Commander of Post No.
r>, G. A. R., of New Castle, and was for one
year department commander. He is a mem-
ber of St. John's Commandery and Clia]iter,
V. & A. ~M., and of the Blue Lodge, AVilming-
ton; also of the I. O. O. F., of the same city.
JosephE.Vantinewas married in Philadel-
phia in IS');"), to Catherine Lyman, a native of
that city. Their children were: I.AVilliam; IT.
Julia: both reside in Philadelphia, where .Mrs.

(Lyman) Vantine died. He was again mar-
ried, ilareh IS, 1878, to Susan A., daughter
of Henry and ilary (Willis) Jordan, born
near Newport, Del. iMr. Jordan was a farmer,
and served in a Delaware regiment during the
wav of the iiebellion. He was a member of
the il. E. church; he died in Delaware. The
children of J\Ir. and JMrs. Vantine are: I.
ilary R., a gi-aduate of the New Castle High
school, and a teacher of that town; II. Robert
11., at home; 1 11. Sarah S. Ethel A., Henrietta
and Henry died in infancy. Mr. Vantine,
with his family, is a member of the Baptist
church, which he formerly served as clerk.
His services to the State and Church, as well
as his personal qiialities, have won for him
general resiject and esteem.

REV. FATHER EDWARD L. BRADY,
New Castle, Del., was born in Philadelphia,
September 21, 1852, eldest son of Edward G.
and Annie C. (Crumely) Brady. Edward G.
Brady, Avho was a shoemaker, was a native of
Philadelphia, died in AVilmington, as did his
wife also. Their youngest son, Hubert, is
also a priest, and resides in Brooklyn, N. Y.
I'lie fimiily is of Irish descent.

Father Brady received his early education
in the public schook of Philadelphia and Wil-
mington. He then studied several tenns in St.
Clary's College, AVilmington, and prepared
himself for the priesthood at St. Charles' Col-
lege, Howard county, ild. He next devoted
himself to the study of philosophy at the
University of Louvain, and upon the comple-
tion of his coui-se, entered the American Col-
lego at Rome, and was there ordained to the
priesthooil in 1878. .Vfter spending several
months in Europe, Father Brady returned to
Wilmington, and was placed in cliarge of the
pari.sh of St. Peter and St. Paul, Easton, Md.,
by Bishop Becker. He passed four years in
ministering to the spiritual wants of the peo-
ple of tliat parish an<l of several missions con-
nected with it, and was then transferred to
Chcstertown, Kent county, Del., where he
was jiai'isli priest of the church of the Sacred
Heart for two years. Tn 1884, he came to
New Castle, and has been for the past thirteen
years the faithful and beloved pastor of St. Pe-
ter's church. He is regarded ^sith much re-
spect by the citizens of New Castle in general.

The Roman Catholic Church of St. Peter's
was originally establi-hed as a preaching sta-

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610

BIOORAPHIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tion by the well-known missionary, father
I'atrick Keuney, in 1804, ainl he conliuued to
be its pi-incipal priest until 1628. The tiret
cluireh editice, a siuall frame building, was
completed about ISIO, and was in use until
the present house of worship was erected; the
latter was begun in 1870, under the pastorate
of Father John Daily, finished after liis death,
which took place in 1874, and dedicated May
27, 187U, the present cardinal of Baltimore
otticiating. The property, including the pas-
toral 'residence adjoining, ij valued at about
tliirty-tive thousand dollars. Forty years ago,
the territory included in the parish of Father
C'oiibin, then I'esident priest at Xew Castle,
in^duded the whole pcninsida. The parish
limits have been gradually restricted until, at
the present time, it comprises only the New
Castle eongTegation of St. Peter's. One hun-
dred and fifty families are in couununion with
this church. It has several societies con-
nei.'ted with it, of which St. Peter's Beneticial
Society, organized in 1867, is one of the most
important. The A. O. 11. di\'ision No. 3, is
one of the most important organizations of the
Churcii. It numbers nearly one hundred
members, and it is noted for the social and
charitable care of its mcmbei-s. The St.
Peter's T. A. B. Society is also in a flourishing
condition and includes within its membership
the most prominent young men of the congre-
gation.

WILLIAM J. HUNTER, New Castle,
Del., son of William and Eliza (Coojier) Hun-
ter, was born at St. George's, Del., Febniary
14, 1852. William Hunter, who was of Ger-
man and Scotch parentage, was born in Pensa-
cola, Fla., in 1821. His parents removing to
Chesapeake City, Md., he received a common
school education in that place, and afterwards
found employment on the Chesapeake Canal
as raftsman. He spent a number of years in
this oecupation, after which he bccanu' tire-
man on the Frenohtown Pailroad, for Engi-
neer Jumper Taylor. Some years later, he
was promoted to the position of engineer, and
had the honor of bringing the tii-st passenger
train over the Delaware railroad. He contin-
ued in railroad employ until a stroke of eng-i-
neer's paralysis rendered him an invalid, ilr.
Hunter was a Pepnblican. He was an active
member of the if. E. Church, a class leader,
Sunday-school teacher and superiuteudent,

and took an interest in every department of
church work. His habits were temperate and
his conduct exemplary. William Hunter was
married in 1841, at Chesapeake City, to Eliza
Coiiper, born in Manchester, Enghmd, daugh-
ter of William Cooper, a silk hat maker and
tailor of Philadelphia. The children of Mr.
and Mrs. William Hunter are: I. Elizabeth,
widow of George Bratton, Philadelphia; J I.
Joseph, traveling agent of the Baldwin Loco-
motive Company, Philadelphia; III. William
J.; IV. George Andrew, railroad engineer, of
Chester City; V. Samuel IL, salesman, Wil-
mington; XI. Frank, ])aintcr, of Chester, Pa.;
VII. Joanna (^Mrs. llarrv Dawson), Philaihl-
phia; VIII. Isiibella (.Mrs. Lewis Bates), Phil-
adelphia; IX. Albert, contractor and painter,
Philadelidiia; X. Virginia (Mrs. William
Hoffman), Philadelphia; XL Eliza, died
young; XII. and XIII, Adcdphus B. and Ed-
mund S., twins, both died in infancy. Wil-
liam Hunter died in 1803, at the home of one
of his sons in Philadelpliia, and was buried in
the cemeteiy cjf the .M. E. Church of N"ew
Castle. His wife still re-ides in Philadelphia,
a venerable matron, much beloved and re-
spected.

Until he was sixteen years of age, W^illiam
J. Iluntef attended the public schools of New
Castle. He then spent six years at the busi-
ness of marble cutting, with Jacob Hermann,
four years as apprentice and two as journey-
man. He was then employed at the same
trade in Wilmington for a short time, after
which he returned to his former master, with
whom he worked until 1885. At that time,
he bought the interest of ]\Ir. Hermann, and
has ever since conducted the business on liis
own accomit. His son, Henry C, now gives
the establishment personal super\'ision, Mr.
William J. Hunter having been appointed
postmaster of New Castle by President Cleve-
land, on February 14, 1890, :\rr. Hunter's
birthday. He fills the office with honor to
himself, giving general satisfaction. ]\Ir.
Hunter has been all his life a Democrat, lie-
sides holding various minor offices, he was as-
sessor of New Castle hundred for two terms,
and was elected tax collector in 1877 and '78,
and in '81, '82, '83, ami '84. He is a mem-
ber of the A. O. U. W.

William J. Hunter was married at (Mies-
ter. Pa., in 1882, to Georgiana, daughter of
W^illiam Kenton, born in Kent county, Del.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

513

Their cliildrcn are: I. Harry C, manager of
]iU father's marble establishment; II. -Mary,
(lii'd at llif a,t;e of eighteen; III. William (_'.,
dii il aged ^i\teen years; IV. Anne S., died at
tlie agc'of three years. ]\ris. Iluntur is a
member of the IM. E. church.

ItKV. S. TMvVTTIE WYLIE, Xew Cattle,
Del., was burn in Belfast, Ireland, June 22,
]Mir). He is the second of a family of nine,
children of the IJev. J. 13. and Jane (Mcliride)
A\'ylic, both of whom were natives of ISclfast,
but of Scotch descent. Kev. J. B. AVylie is a
minister of tiie Presbj'terian church in IScl-
fast, where he and his wife still resitlc.

i'hcir son, S. Beattie Wylie, was educated
in Belfast, and graduated from Queen's (Jol-
Icge in ISbl. He then entered a Presbyterian
'I'lieological Seminary, from which lie was
graduated three years later. In 1SS9, he came
to America, entered Princeton Seminary, in
Xew Jersey and received his degree there in
the following year. During his time in the
Seminary, he was licensed to preach, and he
supplied the Deer Creek congregation, of Har-
ford county, ]\[d., for tliirtecn months. He
next assisted for more than a year in the Alex-
ander church, a mission of Rev. Dr. I Fall's
cliurch in Xew York City. In 1S92, ^^Ir.
\\'3lie was duly ordained a minister of the
Presbyterian church, by the Presbytery of
Xew I'runswick, X. J., after which he was
called to the pulpit of the First Presbyterian
church of Xew Castle. Under his acceptable
ministry, the congregation has increased, and
improvements have been made in the churcli
jiroperty.

In August, 1892, Pev. ifr. Wylie returned
to his native laml, where he married j\[innie,
daughter of Hugh Pyper, a merchant of Bel-
fast, iu whi(di city sho was born. Their chil-
(h-cn are: I. Hugh C.rome !>. ; U. Kliza-
beth J.

The church over which Pev. ]\Ir. AVylie
exercises faithful pastoral care is the oldest
one in Xew Castle. If it is, as appears most
probalile, the successor of tlie Hutch Peform-
ed church, organized about the nnddle of the
seventeenth century, and its house of wor-
ship occu])ies the same site as that of the
earlier congregation, then it enjoys the honor
<>{ an antiipiity remark'.ble in America, the
ju-ai-es of (lod having ascended fr()m the same
spfit for about two centuries and a half. Be

■_'9

this as it may, it is well known that Presby-
terian services were held in Xew Castle at the
very opening of the eighteenth century, the
Ivev. John A\'ilson, of that communion, having'
l)rcaclicd in the town before 17u;5. The first
church editice was built under his auspices;
but the congregati.m increased so rapidly that
by the year 1712 it was found necessary to
enlarge the building. Pev. Mv. Wilson died
soon after, and his charge, which embraced
two other congregations, was divided into
three, Kev. James Anderson becoming the
minister of the Xew Castle congregation.
During his ministry, on September 19, 1710,
the Presbytery of X'^ew Castle was erected
from tlie Presbytery of Philadel])hia, in whbdi
it had u|) to that time been included; its
first session was held at X^ew Castle, ]\rarcli
lo, 1717. "The home church was represented
by J'llder David ^liller, who served with the
Huguenot, Thomas Janvier, in that ofiicc, the
latter being the first elder." The ordination
and installation of Pev. Pobert Cross, Mr.
Aiulersou's successor, Sei>tendicr 19, 1719,
was the tirst service of that nature in the Xew
Castle church and the new presbytery. The
successors of Pev. ^Ir. ('ross, down to the
pastorate of Pev. S. B. Wylie, have been:
Pevs. (lilbert Tennent, Hugh Stevenson,

John Dick, Daniel Thane, ]\ragaw,

Joseph -Montgomery^ Samuel ]]arr, John E.
Latta, Joshua X''. Danforth, William P. Al-
richs, John il. Dickey, James Knox, John
Decker, John B. Spottswood, and AVilliam
P. Patterson.

'i'he house of worship is a fine Gothic struc-
ture of brown sandstone. The manse was
presented to the congregation iu 1SS4 by
Sanaiel L. Cooper. Improvements have been
made at a large outlay in both the churcli and
the cemetei-y, and the entire church property
is estimated to be worth fifty thousand dollars.
The congregation numbers two hundred, and
the Sunday-school one hundred and eighty
membei's.

CAPTAIX AQTTILA M. IIIZAP, Xew
Castle, Del., son of Thomas and Jane
B. (Bullock) Ilizar, was bom December 20,
1S3G, at Booth Comer, on the boundary line
between Pennsylvania and Delaware.

The Hizar family is descended from Cer-
man ancestry; but Philip Ilizar, grandfather
of Capt. Ilizar, was born in Pennsyhauia;

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514

BIOGRA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Le \\;is tlio soil of ;i native of Gcnnaiiy, Joliu
Uizai', wlio settled in tiiat state at an early
period. I'hilip llizar liad an English eduea-
_ tion. For a iiuiaber of years lie was a wlieel-
wrigiit, lint he finally removed tn ('lu■^ler
comity, where, aftir farming for several years,
lie died in the township of JJirniingham, and
, was buried there, in the Friends' burial
ground. Philip Ilizar married Ann Ilatton,
a nieniber of the Soeiety of Friends. 'J'lieir
children were: I.Thomas; IT. (Jideon; both
are long since dead. Philip llizar was a
iJenioerat. He was beloved by his family, as a
good father and a kind husband, and I'csiR'ctvd
in the community as an honorable and useful
citizen.

Thomas llizar, elder son of Phili[) and Ann
(Ilatton) Hizar, after obtaining his education
in the subscription schools of ( 'liester county,
became a wheelwright and blacksmith, and
pursued those occupations in Concordville,
in the same county. Inci'easing his establish-
ment, he engaged extensively in the manufac-
ture of carriages. lie was affable and kindly,
making friends wherever he was known,
Thomas llizar married Jane B. (Bullock)
Smith, widow of Jacob Smith; she was a na-
tive of Chester county, born in 1799. Their
children ai-e: I. Esther A. (]\Irs. Jesse Fuller-
ton), of Wilmington, Del.; II. Curtis, died
aged 21 yeai-s; III. Thomas, deceased, was
captain of Compaii}- I, Fii-st Delaware Volun-
teers, in the war of the Rebellion; IV. John,
died young; \. I'hilip, died young; \'L
Aquila il. Thomas llizar, Sr., died in Con-
cordville in 18;J7; his remains were interred
in the Friends' burial ground at that jflacc.
ilrs. llizar was married again, to Joseph As-
kew and had one child by this marriage,
^foses Askew, of Jersey C'ity, iST. J. She
died at the home of Capt. llizar in 1892, and
is interred in the Brandywine Cemetery, at
"Wilmington. She was a member of the P. E.
church, a faithful and loving wife and mother,
and held in high esteem by all her ac(piaint-
aiices.

Being only a year old at the time of his fath-
er's death, Aquila ]\[. llizar was reared in the
family of an uncle who resided in C'hester
county; there he attended the public schools,
and assisted in the work on his uncle's farm,
until he reached tlic age of si-xteen yeai-s. He
then became an inmate of the hnme of Thomas
Allen, bricklaver, of Wilmiii'jtun, whiiS(> trade

the youth learned, at the- same time attending
night schools, and during the winter months,
the day schools also. He was ambitious and
hludiou.s, and touk advantage of whale\er
hiMire time he enjoyed, to improve his mi ml
and increase his store of knowledge, ili^ ap-
lireiiticeship over, ^Mr. ilizar cuiitiniKd to
work for ^Ir. Allen as journeyman, until llio
beginning of the war of the Pebellion.

in \\)i\\, ISOl, he enlisted in the three
months' service, among the first who resp md-
ed to the country's call for defenders. He
was enrolled in the First Delaware Vdluntecr
Infantry, under Col. Lockwood and (apt.
]!arr, and performed his duty faithfully at
Chesapeake City, Push Piver and (iunpowder
Piver; he was mustered out at Wilmington,
August 30, 18()1. After a short visit to his
home, he re-enlisted as first sergeant in Com-
pany I, Fii-st Delaware Volunteer Infantry,
Col. J. W. Andrews, and served for three
years. He took part in many of the
.most noted engagements of the war,
notably the sec(.nd battle of P>ull Pun,
August 29, 1802, the battles of Antie-
tam, September 17, 1SG2, Fredericksburg,
December 13, 18(J2, ( 'hancellorsville, ilay
2 and 3, 18C3, Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1803,
the AVilderness, ]\fay 5 and C, and Spottsvl-
vania C. IP, ilay 8-12, 1804, Cold Harbor,
June 3, 18*04, in both the battles before Pe-
tersluirg, and in many other engagements
which, though reckoned among the minor
ones, were still serious and important, includ-
ing those of Banks' Ford, ]\rine Pun, Deep
Pottom, Farmei-sville, ililford Junction, Au-
burn, Xortli Ann, Prospect Hill, Reams' Sta-
tion, and the Po River. Promotion came rapid-
ly to Sergeant Hizar, as the titting reward
of gallant and faithful services; after the
field of Fredericksburg, he was commissioned
second lieutenant; after the great fight at
Cliancellorsville, first lieutenant; ami at
Brandy Station, before Petci-sburg, he rose
to the rank of cajitain, and was a.ssigned to
Company A, of his regiment. On ()ct<Jier
8, 1804, Captain Hizar was mustered out of'
the s(uwice.

Returning home, he removed to Xew ( 'as-
tle, and began business (Jii his own ac(<miit
as a c(mtraetor and builder. In this useful
and responsible capaeitv, he has dis]Jayed the
same honor and faithfulness that chira 'terized
liis army service, and has met witli abunilaiit

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BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

515

success, lia\iiig not only erected many fine
private residences, l)ut a number of siilistan-
tial and tasteful public edifices, among which
are the halls of the Knights of Pythias and
of the Order of Tied Men, at New C;ustle, and
St. J'eter's Jl. C. church, in the same city,
which he built in 1B71. For several years,
he CLrtulucted a brickyard in New Castle,
('apt. llizar erected, as a residence for his
family, a fine double brick dwelling, costing
over five tlunisand dollai-s. In 1877, he was
unfortunately afflicted with a stroke of paraly-
sis, which made him an invalid for several
jeai-s, and in consequence of which he still
sufFei's to some extent. Capt. Ilizar is a mem-
ber of E. S. Watson Post, No. 5, G. A. P..,
of New Castle; also of the Temix^rance
Society of the same city. He is a Kepublican;
has never sought puldic ofHce.

Aquila if. Ilizar was married January 11,
ISfil, at New Castle, to ]\rargaret I]., daugh-
ter of James A. and ilarv A. (Ca\enaugh)
Ilatcs, of Philadelphia. They liad one child,
James W., who died in infancy. Poth Cap-
tain and ill's. Ilizar are members of the
Catholic eliureh, consistent and esteemed.

ELWOOD L. AVILSON, New Castle, Del.,
son of David and Ann (Pmbleby) "Wilson,
was born at Petersburg, Pcrrv county, Pa.,
October", ISIG.

The Wilson family is of Scotch-Irish ori-
grin. ilr. Wilson's grandfather, Lawrence
"Wilson, was born in Chester county, where
he was for a number of years in business as a
hatter. Ivemoving to Wilmington, Del., he
continued in the same occupatimi during the
rest of his life; he died in Wilming-ton, and is
buried there, in the Friends' burving-gi'ound.
lie belonged to the Society of Friends, and
in politics, was a Whig. The children of Law-
i-cnee Wilson, now all deceased, were: I.
Jonathan; If. David; III. William: TV.
Pa.-h.l; V. :^rarv.

]Ii> ^(ln, David Wilson, w;ls born in Chester
county in ls()l, and received there as good
an education as the scliools of the period af-
forded, lie was for years engaged in farming.
In IS-tS, he removed to Wilndng-ton. Here
lie became ovei-seer of the steam saw-mill of
Thomas Walter, to which he devoted all the
years of activity that remained to him. lo-
tiring at length from Imsiness cares, he sjn or
his (Ici-liiiinL: \-eai-s in the home of his sdii in

New Castle, where he died iu 1889, at the
advanced age of SO. lie had been a coustimt
supporter of the Democratic party until the
breaking out of the Pebellion; he then be-
came a Pepublican, and always afterward
voted with that party. lie never sought any
public office. In religion, he was a Friend,
lie was buried in the Prandywiiie Cemetery,
at AVilmington. David Wilson was married
iu Chester county, to Ann Umbleby, who was
born in Yorkshire, England, and came to this
country with her parents when she was a
child. The children of ^h. and Mrs. David
Wilson are: I. Emily, who died in infancy;
11. Elizabeth, decca.sed, was the wife of
J. II. Moore, of Chicago, HI.; III. Martha,
died unmaiTied; IV. Amanda, wife of Henry
H. Lewis, both deceased; V. ilary A. (Mrs.
^y. E. Tuchton), of W^ilmington, deceased;
VI. Elwood L. Mrs. Wilson died in Wib
mington in 1858; she was a member of the
'M. K. church, an excellent lady, and much
esteemed.

At the age of two years, Elwuod L. Wil-
son was brought by his parents from his native
town to Wilmington, where he received his
education in the public schools, supplemented
by several terms at St. ilary's College. The
opening events of the war of the Pel>ellion
fired his youthful ])atriotisni, and although
only fifteen years of age, he enlisted, in Febrvi-
ary, 1802, in Company I, Third Delaware
Volunteer Infantry, Col. W. O. Pedden,
Capt. J. E. Stewart. The young recruit sjioiit
three years and six months with his regiment,
as a drummer, aiding to inspire his comrades
with the martial si)irit that aniinated them on
such weU-fought fields as Antietam, (."old
Harbor, and Petersburg. He participated in
all their battles, doing his duty faithfully, and
was discharged at the close of the war, at
P)raiidywine Springs. IJeturiiing to peaceful
jiursuits, Mr. "\Vilson studied telegraphy at a
commercial college of Wilmington, and was
ft)r six months employed as operator in the
ofiice of the P., AV. S: 13. P. P. at North East,
.Md. Ill) was then for four iiioiiths brakeman
till the Delaware P. P., for six months niuht
operator at Salisbury, Md., for several mouths
in the same positi(Ui at Crisfield, ifd., and for
ten months at Clayton, Del. .\ftcr flusc
yeai-s of change, he was made station agent
and telegrai)h operator at Pri.lgvvillc, Del.,
where lie rrliiained twelve years. In ISsl, jio

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510

BIOGUA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

received tlie appointment of agent for the same
road at New t'astle; and in 18S7, when the
duties of tlie office were divided, lie was placed
in charge of the freight department. lie is a
faithful and trnsted employee of the road.
]\Ir. "Wilson is a Republican. He was presi-
dent of the Board of Education for two years,
aod secretary for three yeara. lie is Past
blaster of the F. & A. M., associated with
St. John Lodge, No. 2, and the Blue Lodge,
of New Castle.

El wood L. Wilson was married in AVihning-
ton in 1SG8, to Anna !^L, daughter nf Jacob
and Sarali (Brown) AVatson, born in I'hiladel-
phia; her mother is English by birth. The
children of }\h: and Mre. "Wilson are: T.
Da\id IL, a graduate of the New Castle high
school, is a reporter for the Erening Pust,
Denver, Col.; II. Elwood L., Jr., gradmite
of the New Castle high school, and of
Goldey's Commercial College, "Wilmington,
is secretary to the passenger and traffic
manager of the New York, New Haven and
Hartford R. Iv., at New Haven, Conn.; III.
John ]\f., graduate of the New Castle high
school, is assistant claim agent of the ^Vnchor
Line Department, P. R. R., at Philadelphia;
IV. Albert E., graduate of the New ('iistle
high school, and of Goldey's Commercial Col-
lege, is bookkeeper for a wholesale coal firm,
New Haven, Conn.; V. Elizabeth Ihnbleby,
graduate of the New Castle high school, is
student at the State Normal School, West
Chester, Pa.; VI. William, at home. ^\y.
Wilson and his family are mend)ei-s of the il.
E. church, of which he is a tnistee.

WILLIAil E. LANE, deceased, was born
at E.xeter, New Hampshire, April 12, 1819.

The ancestral home of the Lane family was
England. HaA'ing come to this country among
the early settlers, they were well established
in New England before the Revolution, in
which several members of the family took an
active and patriotic part.

]\[r. Lane's education was bcgim in the
schools of his native town. He prepared for
college at Pliili|>s Academy, was graduated
from Bowdoin College, IMaine, and lived in
that state imtil 1850, when he removed to
New Castle, Del. Here he established the
high school, in which he was for many years
a teacher. Among the pupils whom he pre-
pared for college were Hon. George Gray,

J. H. Rodney, Esq.; J. J. Black, iL D., und
others well known not only in this state, but
in various parts of tlie country, where they
hold eminent and responsible positions. .Mr.
Lane was regarded with much of that [iro-
found respect always accorded to a eonscien-
tioiis and successfid educator. In 18G8 ho
relinquished his profession, and entered the
position of receiver and teller in the Farmers'
Bank of l^cw Castle, which he held for twen-
ty-five years, serving most honorably and ef-
ticiently. He was genial and popular, and
Avhen a candidate for the treasurei-ship of New
Castle, at the time of its incorporation, he re-
ceived the support that M-as heartily extended
to him by members of all parties.' He tilled
that otHce up to the time of his death, ilr.
Lane was a gentleman of great culture and re-
finement; his character and attainments were
warmly appreciated by the citizens of New
Castle, with whom his name is still "familiar
as a household word." He died in New Cas-
tle in 1881); his wife and one son survive liim.

A\'illiam F. Lane was married at New Cas-
tle in 1854, to ]\Iary B., daughter of Capt.
Robert H. and Elizabeth (Peirce) Barr, a na-
tive of New Castle. Their only child, Sam-
uel L. Lane, was born Feltrnary 25, 18(i4:, and
educated in New Castle, graduating from the
high school. He became a student in the Aled-
ical Department of the University of Penn-
sylvania, but on account of ill health, he has
not practiced medicine. He received an aji-
pointment in the Fishery Commission depart-
ment, Washington, D, <'., and is now Vi-\i
Commissioner for the state of Colorado. Ho
is a "silver Democrat." He was married in
1894, at Saint Louis, Mo., to .Miss Broadhead,
a native of that city. Mi-s. William F. Lane
still resides in New Castle. The family are
all members of the Episcopal church.

Mrs. Lane's father. Captain Robert II.
Barr, was born in Pittsburg, Pa., in 1788.
His father was Rev. Samuel Barr, an ordaine 1
minister of the Presbyterian church, and a
pioneer preacher of that church in Pittslmrg.
His wife, a member of the ]\Icl)owell faiiiilv,
was born in Pennsylvania; the McDowells are
of the noted Scotch-Irish stock which is ,-,0
prominent a factor in Pennsylvania historv,
and were active on the continental side in tlie
Revolution. Of the ten children of Rev. Sam-
uel Ban- and his wife, all are deceased except
]\rrs. Janvier of Washington, D. C, who bus

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STATE OF DELAWAin:

517

passed her ninetieth year. ^Ir. I3arr came with
iiis family to Xew Castle, wheie ho was min-
ister of tlie Presbyterian church \uitil his
death, wliieli occun-ed in 1825. lie was a
man (if education and cultiire, and was great-
ly respected. His son, Iiobert 11. IJarr, was
educated in Pittsburii- and Philadelidiia, and
becanie a sailor early in life. At the age of
twenty-four, he was captain of the U. S. war
ship Caledonia, and served in the war of IS 12.
He afterwards sailed to China, and was a mer-
chant in the city of C-anton for five years. On
his return, he took up his residence at New
Castle, where he passed the remainder of his
life. He was for several yeai-s superintendent
of the Frenchtown and New ('astle K. li., the
second railroad in the United States. After
the close of that engagement, he lived a life
of leisure and retirement. During the war of
the Eebellion, although about seventy-five
years of age, he tendered his services to the
U. S. government, whenever they should be
needed; and it was lie who, on the U. S. war
shi]) ^[nnjland, transported Cen. ]\rcr!lcllan's
troops to the James river. Captain Pjarr was
a resident of New Castle for si.xty years; he
was a popular man, and well known through-
out the state. He was a stanch Pt'publican.
He died in 1875, and was buried in the Epis-
copal Cemetery at New Castle.

Capt. Robert H. Earr was married at New
Castle to Elizabeth, daughter of (Jcorge
Peirce, and sister of the eminent jurist, Judge
Peirce of the Court of Common Pleas of Phil-
adel))hia. She was born at New Castle in
179-i. The children of Captain and ]\rrs. Barr'
are as follows: T. Pobert, deceased, was in
the IT. S. Commissary department, Washing-
ton, D. C. ; n. William, deceased, was a cul-
tivator of wine-grapes, in Xapa Valley, Cali-
fornia; TIT. Samuel, M. J).,V. S. A., of Wash-
ington, 1). C, was an officer in the U. S.
Army; IV. George, retired, resides at New
Castle; V. [Mary E. (Mrs. William F. Lane).
Ill's. Pobert Earr also died in New Ca.stle, in
ISOS. She and her family were members of
the Episcopal church, in the cemeter}' of
which she was buried.

HON. WILLIA]\I lIcCOY, P. O. New
Castle, Del., son of John and !^[argar<^t
(Welch) ]\reCoy, M'as born in New Castle hun-
ilred, New Castle county, April 14, 1S:!1.

,Iohn McCoy, grandfather of William E.
McCoy, was of Scotch-Irish descent, but was a
native of the state of Delaware. His son, John
]\rcCoy, 2, was bom in 1797, in Pied Lion hun-
dred, New Castle county, received a common
school education, removed to New Castle hun-
dred while he was a young man, and was all
his life a farmer. He never sought public of-
fice, but always warmly sujjported tlie Deino-
cratic party, maintaining the political prin-
ciples of Andrew Jackson. lie was an intelli-
gent and influential man. John ]\rcCoy mar-
ried Margaret Welch, of AVhite Clay Creek
hundred; their children are: I. William E.;
IT. Louisa C^lrs. Eeujamin Footc), of Wil-
mington, Del. "Sh: ]\rcCoy was a member of
the Presbyterian church. He died in 1SG5,
and was Iniried in the cemetery at Saint
Ceorge's, as was also his wife, who died in
1800.

The boyhood of William E. :\reCoy was
s]ient on "the farm in New Castle hundred;
there he attended the public schools, and after
wards made farming the occupation of his life.
Although much of his time and attention have
h.tterly been given to public affairs, he still
finds time to superintend the cnltivation of his
land. His characteristic industry has never
been spent upon material labor alone; he
takes pleasure in reading and study, and ha •
greatly extended his mental acquisitions by
his independent eft'orts. ]\Ir. McCoy was al-
ways a Democrat, and is an advocate of ''free
silver;" in 1890, he was elected to the State
Legislature of Delaware, on the P.ryan ticket,
by a majority of over three hundred. While
a' member of that body, he served on several
committees; was chairman of the Committee
on Claims, and a working member of the Com-
mittee on Education. He is a popular and re-
spected legislator. He has served as supervi-
sor of roads, was a school director for twelve
years, and tax collector for four yeai-s. He
IS a member of the I. O. 0. F. of New Castle
AVilliam E. ]\IcCoy was married in April,
ISCl), to Josephine, daughter of Joseph Bar-
nabv, a farmer of New Castle hundred, where
she was born. One of their children died in
infancy; the others are: I. John J., at home;
IT. William E., motorman on the Wilmington
and New Castle Electric railway; TILT.
llavard, at li'.me; IV. Clavtuii; V. Agnes
:\1.'; VI. AValtrr; VII. Warren E.; VIIL
llcriha; IX. Alary A., decca-ed; X. Samuel

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518

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

S., deceased; XI. Louisa, deceased. ^Irs. ilc-
Coy died February 4, lB93.

SAMUEL FILE, G07 N. Jackson street,
Wilmington, Del., son of Samuel and ]\[ar-
garet Ann (Morris) File, was born in IMiila.,
January 20, 18-lG. lie is tlie fourtb of the
name in direct lino of descent; bis great-
grandfather was Samuel File, a native of CJer-
manj', who settled in Brandywine hundred,
Xew Castle county, and piussed iii-^ life tlicre,
engaged in farming. Samuel Vi\^•, li, son of
this emigrant, was I'cared on bis father's farm,
learned cooperage in bis youth, and continued
for years to follow that vocation. lie became
the owner of several small sailing vesse's,
which he used in transporting grain to the
Brandywine Mills, lie also did some trans-
portation by teams; he kept a- store in "Wil-
mington for several yeai-s, and built the hotel
at Fifteenth and ilarket streets, in Wilming-
ton, which he conducted for some years, lie
was a Jefferaonian Democrat, and a private
in the war of 1812. Samuel File, 2, married
Jane ^Jfclvee, their children were: I. Eliza-
beth (yirs. Thos. Petcreon), whose hnsi)and
was a soldier in the war of 1812; II. Jdhn;
in. :N[ary (Mrs. Cieo. 0. Daniel); IV.
Samuel, 3; V. AVilliam; VI. Josejih. [Mr.
and ^Fi-s. File attended the Presbyterian
church, services being held in the building
now used as the hall of the Historical Society.
Both died in Wilmington and were interred
in the Presbyterian cemetery.

Samuel File, 3, received a subscription
school education, the best obtainable in the
country in his youth. He was a fantier and
cooper, learning bis trade with his father.
For a short time be was a mate un (ine of his
father's vessels. While a young man, he went
to Lanca.stcr county. Pa., and for some years
worked at coopering there; he afterwards fol-
lowed the same calling in Philailelphia, but
during the spring freshets of 18;")2, in the
Schuylkill river, his work-shop was swept
away, and he lost everything. He theii re-
moved with his family to Wilmington, where
he continued to work at the same trade for
several years. He was an ardent sujiportcr
of the Deniocratie party, but never sought
office. Samuel File, 3, was married in Wil-
mington, to [Margaret .\im, daughter of
Daniel [NTorris, a farmir of Kent county, Del.,

where she was born in 1S20. Their children
are: I. Jane; II. John, who died in infancy,
as did Jane also; 11 1. .John, a coojx;r, of Dela-
ware County, Pa.; 1\'. Samuel, 4; V. Wil-
liam B., deeea>eil; \'l. -lames, a cciacb trim-
mer, Aberdeen, ]\I,I.; Vll. Franklin P.,
cuach trimmer tif ^Vilmi^gton, Del.; \'^11I.
William, a i-urrier at ( '. iV' J. I'yie's factory,
Wilmington, Del.; three children besides
those mentiuned, died in infancy. The parents
both died in Wilmington, ]\Ir. File in Xuvem-
ber, ISGl, and [Mrs. File in Xuvember, is'Jl.
[Mr. File was a faithfid and respected mem-
ber of the Presbyterian church of that place,
and was interred in the Wilmington and
Brandywine cemetery, of Wilmington, Del.
Mrs. File was an equally good and devoted
member of the M. E. church, and was interred
in the liiverview Cemetery, of Wilming-
ton, Del. They had a large circle of friends.

Their fourth child, Samuel File, was edu-
cated in the i)ublie schools of Wilmington.
In January, 1802, he enlisted as drummer boy
in the Third Kegiment, Delaware Volunteer
Infantry, Company E, Col. William 0. Red-
den, Capt. Wm. M'. Plunkett. [Mr. File served
for thirty-nine months, during eight of which
he was division ward master in the City Point
Hospital. During the rest of the time, he ac-
comjianied his regiment as one of its stout-
hearted drummers into every engagement
with the enemy. For a year after his return
to his home, be worked at cooperage with
his brother; he was then employed by the
C. & J. Pyle Company, patent leather manu-
facturers, as laborer, until ISGi), when he was
]daced in charge of their packing and shi]iping
department. In 1887, he was appointed
snpeiintendent of their Southwark factory,
and is still engaged in the duties of that re-
sponsible j)Osition, exercising supeiwision over
the enqiloyees of tli(! factory. .Mr. File is a
stanch Pepublican. lie is a mendier of vari-
ous fraternities in Wilmington; the I. O. IL,
the K. [M. C., and Wilmington Camp, Xo.
3-1, IT. V. L., of which he has been I.t.
Colonel.

Samuel File was married in 1SC9, at Che--
ter. Pa., to Josojdiine, daughter of Joseiili
Cinder, a machinist of Wilmington, which
was her native city. [Mr. Cinder was a Demo-
crat and a mendier of the Catholic; church.
[^^r^. File was of the same, religion as her
father, and died in 1882. They bad one son,

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STATE OF DELAWARK

519

Josepli, wlio was born January 6, 1S7U, and
died April It), 1S"J7.

Sainuel File married again in 1SS5, ]\Iiss
Eleanor Fullmer, daughter of Jose[)h Full-
mer, who was a moulder, ot' \Vilmingt(ui. 'J'lie
ehildren of this marriage are: 1. Helen; If.
.Samuel, Jr. ilrs. File and tiie family are
UKHuhers of the Catliolie cliureh, but -Mr. File
is a member of the Presbyterian eliureh.
There have been five genei'ations of this fam-
ily, re])resented in the wai-s of this eountry.
Samuel (1), Revolutionary. Samuel (li),
\\i\r of 1812. John, a brother, in the ifexieau
AVar. Samuel (4), in the war of the Ke-
bellion, and John, grandson of Samuel
(o), in the war with Spain.

DAVID McCOY, P. 0. Faruhurst, Del.,
son of James and Elizabeth (i\Iorrison) .Mc-
C'oy, was born in New Castle hundred, July
0, iS41.

His grandfather Nathaniel McCoy, who
was Scoteh by birth, came to America when
a young man, and settled on a farm in White
Clay ('reek hundred, which he cultivated
during tlu' remainder of his life, lie always
v<ited with the Democratic party, and was an
active and faithful member of the Presby-
terian cliunh. Nathaniel McCoy married
a lady of Scotch descent, iliss 1 laugh-
thorn. Ihey had two children, Itobert, and
Sarah. After the death of his wife Mr. McCoy
married a !Miss Ferguson. Their children
were: I. James; II. .Mary A. (Mi-s. II.
Powan); 111. Emeline (Mis. James (irows);
IV. Cuorge; \. Isabelle (Mrs. Eli Jonesj.
All arc n(jw deceased. !Mr. McCoy was buried
in the Prcsbvterian cemetery at Christiana,
Del. " ,

The eldest of this excellent family, James
!McCoy, was all his life a farmer. After ob-
taining an education in the subscription
sidiools, he remained on the farm with his
father until, having arrived at manhood, he
began fanning on his own account in White
Clay Creek hundred; in 1S70, he bouglit
ISO acres in New Castle hundred, on which
he resided from that time until his death, lie
built a fine dwelling, and made other improve-
nifuts on his land. His wife, Elizabeth _Mor-
rison, was burn in Wliitc Clay Creek hundred.
Their children are: I. Nathaniel, died yonu'.;;
11. Douglas, died in October, islif; 111.

J(din, a miiuster of the Presbyterian church,
Lancaster county, Pa.; IV. David; V. Wil-
liam 11., on the home farm; \ I. J. Frank,
a Pullman car CDuductcir, Wilmington, Del.
James ^McCoy's jwiitical views were Deiiio-
eratic. lie was a member of the White Clay
Creek Presbyterian church, in wIkjsc ceme-
terv his remains and his wife's were interred;
he "died November 4, 1SS4, an.l :Mrs. .McCoy
in 1S88, after a united life of consistent de-
votion to duty.

Hugh ]\IoiTison, the great-grandfather of
Mrs. Elizabeth (Morrison) ]\IcCoy, was Scotch
by nativity. He came a.-^ a settler to Dela-
ware in 1G42, and began farming in what is
now White Clay Creek hundred, where he
spent his life. He was a niendjer of the Pres-
byterian church. His children were among
the first white children born in that ])art of
the state. His son Kobert was also a farmer;
he owned and cultivated 100 acres in the same
hundred with his father, where he died. On
this farm he made various improvements.
Pobert ]\Iorrison married Ann Dcniglas, of
Saint George's himdred. New Castle county:
their children were: 1. Isaac, a physician; II.
David, a soldier in the continental army; III.
Pobert; IX. Douglas; V. Susan ; VI. Ann.
All of the family died unmarried, except
Douglas. Pobert Morrison, a Presbyterian,
as all his fathei-s were, was wannly i>atriotic,
and took an active part in the Pevolutionary
war. He was robbed of a large number of
his cattle by the British soldiers. He was
killed by the falling of a log, and was interred
in ]\lill Creek hundred, wliere his wife's re-
mains also repose. His son, Dougbii }*Iorri-
son, began keeping a hardware store in Xew
Castle when a young man, and continued it
until the death of his father, when he returne.l
to the homestead in "White Clay Creek hun-
dred, and passed his life in cultivating it.
He was a -Democrat. He married Elizabeth
Wilson, also a representative of a Scoteh
family; their children were: I. Ceorge, born
in 171)7, was a soldier in the war of 1812, is
deceased; If. Catharine Ann (.Mrs William
Kelley), born in 1800, is dee(>ascd; 111.
David; IV. .Matilda (.Mrs. ('apt. Henry), de-
ceased; V. David, still living, at the age of
ninetv, at the Old .Man's Home, in New Cas-
tle. Inindred; VI. Robert, derea<e,l; \\\.
Elizabeth (]\Irs. Junies .MeCoy), deeea>ed.
Doutilas ilorrison died on the homestead in

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520

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

1840, and was buried in Mill Creek hundred,
lie was a worthy and respected man.

Having been educated in the pulilie schools
of White Clay Creek hundred, David Mc-
Coy continued to reside on the houieslead
until he reached the age of thirty-two. lie
then removed to oiie of the farms known as
the Conunons, near New Castle, where ho
spent twenty years. In 1894-, ho was appoint-
ed superintendent of the New Castle county
liospital, and has since that time tilled his
responsible position very ably, and with fideli-
ty. His wife, a genial and kind-hcartod lady,
is his capable assistant, ilr. ilcCoy was for
ten years a director of the jiublic schools of
New Castle hundred. He is a mend)er of
Lafayette Lodye, St. John's Chapter, No. 14,
F. ct A. M., and of the Pdue Lodge, of Wil-
mington.

David McCoy was married, ^March 10,
1874, to Emma A., daugliter of John and
Sarah A. (McFarhmd) Alrich. ]\Irs. ilcCoy
was born in White (^lay C'rcek hundred; her
father M'as of Swiss, and her uiother of Scotch-
Irish descent. The children of Mr. and ^Ii-s.
]\IcCoy are: I. Elizabeth A.; II. Frank A.,
attending the high school. All the family
attend the Presbyterian church, of which Mr.
!McCoy is a trustee.

JOHN H. BLACKBUEN, V. 0. box 72,
Wilmington, Del., son of Joseph and Edith
(Jones) Blackburn, was born at Elsmere, New
Castle county, July 10, 1852.

Joseph Blackburn, who was a descendant
of an English family, was l)orn in White Clay
Creek hundred, where he received his school
education, and grew up amid the surround-
ings of fann life. Ho learned and for some
years worl'ed at carpentry in Wilmington,
and aftenvards followed the same vocation fur
five yeai-s in Philadelphia, then again f<ir five
yeai-8 in Wilmington. Then for ten yeai-s he
cultivated a farm in Saint George's hundred,
after which lie retired from active life, and
spent his declining years in the city of Wil-
nnngton. He was a Republican. Joseph
Blackburn was married in AVilmington, to
Edith, daughter of Rev. William Jones, of
the il. E. church; she was a native of New
Castle county. Their children are: I. Sam-
uel, deceased; II. Elizabeth, widow of N.
Frame; III. Joseph, deceased, was a soldier in
the war of the Rebellion; IV. Sarali (^Mrs.

William Kirkley), of Wilmington; V. Wil-
liam, of Philadelphia, held a Lieutenant's
commission in the war of the Rebellion; VI.
Theodore, deceased, also enlisted in the late
war; VII. P.. Frank; VIII. Jolm H. Joseph
lilackburii was a faithful aiul honored mem-
ber of the ]\I. E. church. He died in June
17, 1871, in Wilmington, and was interred at
iMount Salem cemetery, where ]\[rs. P>lack-
burn also is Iniried; she survived her Inisband
until 1S8D.

At the age of eighteen, John H. Black-
burn, having been educated in the public
schools of Saint George's himdred, liv-ing on
the farm, went to AViluiington, to learn car-
pentry with ]Mr. 11. F. Dure. At this he spent
three yeare, and was then employed at bis
trade in Philadelphia for ten yeai-s. His next
engagement made him again a resident of
Wilmington, wdiere he was employed in the
car shops for ten years, in building cars. Af-
ter this, he was an electrician in New York
until December, 1895, when he received liis
present appointment, that of superintendent
of the ]\nnquadale Home for Aged Persons.
In this ])osition, be has carefully and credita-
bly fulfilled his duties, being faithful to the
trust committed to him by the board of mau-
agei-s, and kind and judicious in bis treatment
of those under his care. !Mr. Blackb\irn has
alwavs been a Republican, but has never
sought any jiublic othce.

John II. Blackburn was married in Saint
George's hundred, in December, 1878, to Ce-
leste, daughter of James Padley, and a native
of Delaware City. Their children are: I.
Fraid^; II. Henry; botii are farmei-s in ^lary-
land. ]\Ii-s. Celeste Blackburn died in 188(5.
]\Ir. Blackburn was again married, in 181)4,
to Flora Sillitoe.

GEORGE ALLEN SillTH, New Castle,
Deb, son of William and ]\Iartha (Talbot)
Smith, was born in New Castle, ^lay 7, 185i).

William Snnth was a native of Chester
county. Pa., where he received his education,
learned masonry, and was engaged in brick-
laying for several years. He continued iu the
same vocation after his removal to New C"as-
tle, which took place while he was still a
young man. He erected a number of brick
dwellings in the town, three of which
were his own property; besides a num-
ber of dwellingdiouses and barns in

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STATE OF DFLAWAnE

521

parts of Xew Castle lumdred. Eatlier late in
life, he ahaiuloneil his trade for fanning, ilr.
JSniitli was well known throughout the county.
He was a Democrat; he was elected road coni-
niissioner for eight years, and tax collector for
four terms. His wife, Martha (Talhot) Smith,
whom he married at Now Castle hundred, was
born at Smyrna, Del., in 1822. Their chil-
dren ai-D: I. James ]\Iorton, of Philadcli>hia;
n. Lydia (Mrs. J. A. Cloyd), of Wilmington;
III. George Allen; IV. Leslie V., of Camden,
jST. J.; V. ITorrin, of Wilmington, a brick ma-
son; VI. Leighton, died young. William
Smith died on his farm in Xe\v Castle h\ni-
drcd in 1S80, and is buried in New Castle, in
the cemetery belonging to the il. E. church,
■of which he was a member. ]\Irs. Smith sur-
vived until ISSS and is also interred in Now
Castle.

After attending the public schools of New
Castle during his early years, George A.
Snuth became a student at St. Mary's College,
in Wilmington, and was graduated in 1808.
He then worked for four years with Pickes &
Cottor, tinsmiths, of Wilmington, learning
their handicraft. He next turned his atten-
tion to telegraphy, acquiring the art at the
New Castle ^larine Exchange, where he was
engaged for nine years as reporter and oper-
ator. This connection being ended, ^fr.
Smith became clerk in the store of J. S. Elia-
son. New Castle, whei-e he spent three years;
then one year and a half in the store of Lan-
caster it Klander, and six years with the firm
of Fi'azer it lire., both of the same town.
In ISDO, he liecanie foreman in the cloth
room of Knowles' !Mill, New Castle; in 1802,
lie entered the office of the mill as clerk and
assistant bookkeeper; and in 1894:, he was
jn'omotcd to his present position, that of su-
jienutendent of the mill. His duties are dis-
charged in such a manner as to win for him
the fa\(u- not only of the proprietor of the
mill, but of those in his employ; and this mill
is run by the aid of 280 hands. Mr. Smith is
a Democrat; he is not an office seeker, but was
tax collector of New Casth- in lS7f»-S0. Ik-
is a member of the A. 0. t^ W., in wliich lie
has passed all the chaii-s; also of the I. 0. O.
F., and the I. O. Vx. ^L

George Allen Smith was married in Phila-
delphia, ill February, 1874, to Louisa B.
daughter of Thomas Frazer, a late merchant
of Gla.sgow,.Del., !Mi-s. Smith's native towu.

Tiieir only child is Alpha F., who attends
school. ^Ir. Smith is a member of the ^I. E.
church.

JOHN T. HAYES, P. 0. Ked Lion, Del.,
son of 'i'lionias K. and Elizabeth (Scurry)
Hayes, was born in Saint George's hundred,
New Castle county, Del., May 19, 1844.

The Hayes family is of English ancestry.
John Hayes, grandfather of John T. Hayes,
was a native of Delaware, and owned two
■farms, comprising more than 250 acres of ara-
ble land, in Saint George's hundred. He was
one of the early inhabitants of that hundred,
and a promoter of improvements, not only on
his own property, but throughont the vicinity.
He was a member of the M. E. church, and
was active and li])eral in liis church relations,
taking a leading part. A part of the burying
ground of the church, as well as the plot upon
which the house of woi-ship is built, was his
gift to the congregation. He was a class
leader, and a man of much influence. His
wife, also an excellent and faithful member of
the church, was Miss Putter. They were mar-
ried in Saint George's hundred, where also
both died and were bnried, Mr. Hayes at the
age of eightv-thrce. Their children were :
L Thomas P.'; IL John; IIL William; IV.
Pobcrt; V. Pichard; VI. King; VII. Sarah;
VIII. Mary; IX. Adeline; X. Emma; all but
the last two are deceased.

Thomas P. Hayes, born in Saint George's
hundred, was educated there in the subscrip-
tion schools, and became a farmer. He work-
ed on the homestead until he arrived at man-
hood, and then for several years cultivated
one of his father's farms on shares. He after-
wards rented a farm at Bohemia Manor,
^Id., and for some years later engaged in the
hotel business at Head of Sassafras, "Sid.,
in whitdi he continued for a number of
years. lie was a Democrat. Being a kindly
and genial man, he had a large circle of
friends. Thomas P. Hayes was man-ied in
Saint George's hundred; his wife, Elizabeth
Scurry, was of English descent, but born in
Delaware. Their children are: I. Cuthbert,
died in middle age; IT. Sarah, widow of
"W'ashington Houston; III. Owen, of Phila-
delphia; IV. John T.; V. Pobert, decea.sed;
Vl. Theodore, of Chestertown, ^Id.; VIL
Ma-n'^ (!Mi-s. William Johnson), of l\Iiddle-
town, deceased. !Mr. Hayes spent the latter

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522

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

years of his life with one of his daughtei-s, at
lier lioiiie in Chesapeake C'ity, ild. lie died
tliere, and is buried in the same city, in 15ethel
cemetery. All his family attcnilcd the M.
E. church.

Having begun his stuilics in the i)iiblie
schools of Saint George's hundred, John T.
Hayes completed them with a three years'
ceui-se at the academy in iliddletdwn, Del.
lie assisted his father on the home farm until
he reached the age of twenty-two, when he
rented for three years a farm at Bohemia
!Manor. At the end of that time, he went
into business as a cigar manufacturer at ]\Iid-
dletowu, Del., and continued there for four
years. He then returned to Bohemia ilanor,
and fanned for ten years; then rented a farm
in Xew Castle hundred for three years. In
1894, he bought 40 acres of the Diehl farm,
which he greatly improved, building a fine
house and bam; all this cost him over three
thousand dollai-s. On this farm he has begun
the business of fruit culture, and has tluis far
met with very encouraging success. ]\Ir.
Hayes has always supported the Democratic
party. He was for six years a school director.
From 1801 to 1896, he was collector of delin-
quent taxes for Xew Castle hundred, and was
a])pointed tax collector of the hundred liy the
conunissioner of Levy Court for 1897; his
work in these positions has been well and
faithfullj' performed. He formerly belonged
to the K. of P., and is Past Master and Sei're-
tai-y of the Grange.

John T. Hayes was married at INIiddletown,
in the fall of i8G — , to Henrietta W., daugh-
ter of James Garey, a fanner of the Kastei-n
Shore of Maryland, where she was jjorn.
Their children are: I. Annie; II. Harry, re-
sides at home, married Frances (i rimes; III.
J. Corbit, at home, married Bessie Diehl, has
one child, Eunice; IV. Eydia (Mi-s. Henry P.
Gray), of Bed Lion, Del.; V. Catherine (Mrs.
Clayton Appleby) ;YI. Bertha, at home; VII.
Grace; VIII. Frank; IX. Etta; all at home.
ilrs. Haves is a member of the M. E. church.

JOSEPH T. GOUGH, P. 0. Bear, Del.,
son of Thomas II. and Sarah P. (Spry) Gough,
was born April 12, 18(14, in East Dover hun-
dred, Kent county, Del.

His maternal ancestiy was Scottish, and hia
paternal of English descent. His father,
Thomas II. Gomili, was born in Talbut euiui-

ty, Md., in 1825, where he grew up and re-
ceived Ids education. He came when a young
man to Kent county, Del., where he carried
on mercantile business and farming for many
years. He afterwards returned to Henderson,
_Md., wliere he cimtinued farming, and
wliere he still resides. He Ls a Kepublican.
Thomas II. (iough man'ied, in Caroline coun-
ty, ]\Id., Sarah P. ^>[n-y, a native of that
county. Their children are: I. William S.,
of Tipton county, Ind.; II. Charles E., of Bal-
timore, Md.; III. Alfonza (Mi-s. John Wood),
of Queen Anne county, Md. ; I\'. Laura H.
(Mi-s. Charles Butler), of Kent county, Del.;
V. Thomas F., of New York citv; VI. Lena
(:\lrs. David Sraglit,of Breadysville, Pa.; VII.
Joseph T.; VIII. jMartha (Mi-s. Warren Bos-
sart), of Philadelphia; and four who died in
infancy. The excellent muther died in Hen-
derson, ild., in 18S4. ilr. (iough and his
family are res[iected members of the il. K.
church.

In the public schools of Henderson, Md.,
Joseph T. Gough laid the foundation of an
education which he has since greatly increased
andperfected by observation andreading. Soon
after leaving school and while still in his boy-
hood, he sj^ent a year in acquiring practice
in telegraphy, in the Pennsylvania B. B. of-
fice at Henderson, and at the age of eighteen
was appointed agent and operator in that of-
fice; he also became agent at the same statiun
for the Adams Express Company, and contin-
ued to perform the duties of both positions
efficiently for seven ycai-s. In 1889, he was
transferred, in the same capacities, to Bear
Station, Xew Castle county, Del., where he
continues to the present time, a satisfactory
and popular official at once with the railroad
company, the express com])any and the pub-
lic. In 1894, :Mr. Gough built a store, and
embarked in a general mercantile enterprise,
including traffic in lumber, coal, phosijhates;
this undertaking jn-oved successf^d, and he
added the grain business, renting the B. R.
company's elevator. In addition to th&se in-
dustries, Mr. Ciougli was for two years post-
master at Bear, having been appointe^l by
President Cleveland. He began his business
activities early in life, and without capital;
thanks to his tireless industry and judiciems
nuinagement, he has achieved success, and,
though still young, is a man of assured posi-
tion. ]\rr. (!uut:h is a Democrat. He is a

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STATE OF DELAW \EE

5'23

member of the Masonic Lodge, at Delaware
City, iJel., and of tlie I. O. O. F., No. 42, of
Bear Station, tlie lodge meeting in his store;
and mcmhcr of (irand Lodge of the State of
])cl. He is also a member of the fraternity of
K. li. 'J'eh'graphers, a member of school board
and treasiii-c-r of Ked Lion ^larsii Company.

Joseph T. Ciough was nnirried in i'last Do-
ver humlred, Ivent connty, in ISUO, t(^ ^Lir-
tlia J., danghter of Isaac Thomas, a farmer,
of English descent; ilrs. (iough was born in
East Dover hnndrcd. They have one child,
Joseph Thomas, born in 1807. Mr. Gough
is a ]nember of the M. E. church.

PAUL GILLIS, Eanihui-bt, New Castle
county, Del., son of Laughlin and ^lary
(Vass) Gillis, was born on Prince Edward's
Island, ]jritish America, September 2'J,
1S47.

Loth his parents were natives of the same
island, on which they passed their lives.
Laughlin Gillis was of Scotch, and his wife of
Irish descent. His occupation throughout life
was farming. Tlieir children are: I. Hugh;
II. !Mary (Mre. Ililtor), a widow, of Ontario,
Canada; HI. Paul; IV. John, of AViscunsin;
Y. Margaret (Airs. Alexander ilcGinnis), of
P. E. I. Three children died in infancy. ]\Ir.
and !Mi-s. Laughlin Gillis both died and are in-
terred on their native island.

After obtaining there a good eomuKjn
school education, Paul Gillis remained at
home until he was seventeen yeare old. At
that time, with a boy companion of iiis, he
engaged as deck hand on a sailing vessel, and
fi:ir two years followed the sea. They sailed
from Philadelphia and other ports. !Mr. Gillis
then came to Delaware, and found employ-
ment on the farm of Charles Walton, of New-
ark, with whom he spent four years and a
half. He then rented and cultivated a fanu
in Pencader hundred for two years, then re-
moved to another, in "White Clay Creek hun-
dred, where he spent three years. During
this time, he saved enough to buy a small
farm, which he tilled for several yeai-s, rent-
ing other land besides. His agricultural op-
erations ))ro\ed abundantly successful. As
he became known in and i)eyond his own
ncighborliood, his reputation for probity and
business ability made him popular. He was,
from the time he became a citizen of the Hni-
tcd States, an ardent supporter of Iicpublir.m

principles. He was elected a commissioner of
the Levy Court for four yeai*s, but the legis-
lature of the state having abridged the term,
he served only two years. In 1894, "iAv. Gillis
was elected on the Kepublican ticket to the
highest county ofhce, liiat of sherilf, which he
tilled for the entire term most faithfully and
creditably. Having purchased the Kandolph
Petei-s nui'sery farm of 13-1 acres, in New
Castle hundred, he is now engaged in farm-
ing nuiking a successful specialty of fruit
growing. !Mr. Gillis is a member of Oriental
Lodge,'l. 0. O. E., of Newark; of the Iv. of
P.; and of Christiana Encampment, A. 0. II.
AV.

Paul Gillis was married in 1870, near New-
ark, Del., to Annie, danghter of Fergu-ou
AVilson, a farmer and cari)enter of Newark,
which is her native place. Their children are:
I. Ellie, at home, is a graduate of the Newark
high school, and has taught in the public
schools of the county for several tenns; IL
Harry, at home; III. Laura; lA^ Osie. 'Mr.
(iillis and his family are mcnd)ei-s of the ^L
E. church.

BANKSON T. HOLCOAIB, P. 0. New
Castle, New Castle county, Del., son of
Chauncey P. and Picbecca (Taylor) Holcomb,
was born in Philadelphia, Pa., November G,
1S30.

The Holcomb family is of English ances-
try, and its representatives are found among
the earliest settlers of the New England
States. The name occurs frequently on the
muster roll of the Continental army, for many
of its members served their coimtry bravely
in the long struggle for independence.
Th(nnas Holcomb, grandfather of Banksou T.
Holcond), was born in Hartford county.
Conn., where he spent his whole life. He was
educated in the schools of his native state,
studied law, and jjracticed at the bar in Con-
necticut. He ahij owned and nnmaged sev-
eral farms in Hartford county, ( V)nn. "Mr.
Holcomb was an old line AVhig, actively in-
terested in the affairs of the county. Thomas
Holcoudj was married in Conncctictit, to
Clara, danghter of Colonel, afterwards Gen-
eral Pcttibonc, of the Continental Army.
]\[i-s. Holcomb was a native of Connecticut.
Their children are: I. Chauncev; IT.
Thomas; ILL Henry; lA''. Franklin; A^
Kichard, a l-'rifi-adier eeneral in the war of the

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524

BIOGEA PIIIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

rieliellion, was killed at Fort niul-on; VI.
C'lariiida. ^Ir. nolooinb and his family were
nicmbcrs of the Episcopal cluireh.

C'liauncey P. iroleoinb, eldest child of
Thomas aud Clara (Pettilione) Iloleoiiib, was
born in Hartford county, Conn., where he re-
ceived his primary education. "When he at-
tained his majority, Mr. Ilolcond) removed to
'Ohio, and after reading law with his uncle.
Judge Pettibone, was admitted to the bar.
Returning to the east, ilr. Ilolcomb opened
an ottice in Philadelphia, where he jjracticed
successfully for many yeare. Pemoving af-
terwards to Delaware, he purchased a large
tract of land in Xew Castle county, and from
this time devoted his energies to husbandry.
lie was deeply interested in the cultivation of
the land, and exerted all his influence to ad-
vance the agricultural interests of the state
iind county. ]\Ir. Ilolcomb was a Whig, and
was throughout his life actively interested in
local politics. Chauncey P. Ilolcomb was
married in Philadelphia, Pa., to Pebecca,
daughter of Pankson and Esther (.^[c Wil-
liams) Taylor. Their children are: I. Bank-
son T. ; II. Thomas, a lawyer of Wilmington,
Del.; III. Chauncey, died in youth; IV.
Clara, died in youth. Mr. Ilolcomb and his
family are members of the Episcopal church,
lie died in 1855; his widow died in Xew Cas-
tle hundred.

Pankson T. Ilolcomb attended the public
and private schools of New Castle county, and
Delaware College, and for several terms was
a student at Trinity (College, Hartford, Conn.
He inherited his father's love for country life,
and chose farming as his vocation. In 1S87,
during President Cleveland's administration,
^fr. Ilolcomb was appointed keeper of the
light house at ibfew Castle, Del., a position
which he still holds. lie is prompt and effi-
cient in the discharge of his duties, and is not
only popidar, but respected and esteemed in
the community.

Pankson T. Ilolcomb was married in 1868,
in Xew Castle bundled, Xew Castle county,
Del., to Edith M., daughter of Joshua E.
Di-ivcr. ]\Ii-s. Ilolcomb was born in Wilming-
ton, Del. Their children are: I. Hilary D.;
II. Chauncey P., a nnxnagcr of the Frankford
A: Tacony trolley line, of Philadelphia, Pa.,
and first lieutenant in the First Pegiment,
Delaware ^^oluntee^ Infantry, man-iid to
Louise Podney, of X'ew Castle, Del.; III.

Bankson, electrical engineer, on the Wilming-
ton ik Xew Castle Electrical Pailwuy, aud
sergeant in the Firet Pegiment, Delaware
"\'olunteer Infanti-y. ^Ir. Ilolcomb and his
wife are members of the Episcopal church.
Thomas Ilolcomb, second son of Chauncey
P. and Pebecca (Taylor) Ilolcomb, was born
in Xew Castle county, Delaware, July 13th,
1843. Ho received his education at the
schools in Xew Castle and at IIar\-ard Col-
lege, studied law with Hon. George 15. Pod-
ney of Xew Castle, and was admitted to the
bar. He was elected to the State Legislature
on the Democratic ticket in 1875, and re-
elected in 1877, when he was chosen speaker
of the House; was Pecorder of Deeds for Xew
Castle county for two terms, from 1879 to
1SS9; was fifth auditor of the U. S. Treasury
from 1893 to 1897, during President Cleve-
land's second administration. He has since
practiced law in Wilmington. Thomas Ilol-
comb was married in 1SG8 to Bessie X. Bar-
ney, daughter of Captain X'icholas Barney,
U. S. X. 'J'hey have four children, a daugh-
ter and three sons.

AVILLIA^r H. :\[cC()Y, P. 0. Xew Cas-
tle, Del., son of the late James and Elizabeth
(Morrison) IMcCoy, was born in Mill Creek
hundred, Xew Castle county, October 11,
1850. He is a brother of David ]\rcCoy.

William II. ]\[cCoy attended the public
schools of Xew Castle county, completing his
course in the high school. Passing his boy-
hood on the homestead with his father, he ac-
quired a 'practical knowledge of farming,
wdiich A'ocation he has followed continuously
ever since. At the age of thirty-two, he rented
a fann in White Clay Creek hundred, which
he cultivated for several yeai-s. He after-
wards rented a farm in X^'ew Castle hundred
until 1889, when he bought his father's fann
of 180 acres. On this fine place Mr. McCoy
has made nuuiy judicious improvements, add-
ing a barn and other convenient buildings.
He is largely engaged in the cultivation of
cereals, and is a practical and successful
fanner, substantial, reliable, and much rc-
sjieeted by his neighbors and acquaintances,
ilr. I^IcCoy is a Democrat. He is a scho<.)l di-
rector of Xew Castle hundred.

William II. ]\IcCoy was married in Mill
Creek hundred in 1882, to Georgiana, daugh-
ter of Pobcrt Walker, a farmer of iMill Creek

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'■ I, .f:i

STATE OF DELAWARE

525

liuiulreil. Tlieir cliiklren art: I. Jcilin W. ;
II. Cieorge Douglass, died yoimg; III. EUie,
died young; IV. Alice E. Mr. McCoy is a
ineniher of the Presbyterian church, and
serves his congregation accejitably as trustee.

irOX. DOUGLASS :irc('()Y, p. O. Xew
Castle, Del., son of the late James and Eliza-
beth (^Morrison) McCoy, and a brother of Da-
\id and William II. ^IcCoy, was bom in
"White Clay Creek hundred, Febniaiy 9,
1S37. He was educated in the public schools
of New (\astle county, and at the academy of
Xewark, Del. His vocation is that of a tiller
of the soil; he farmed on his own account for
twenty years in New (.'astle hundred, and is
now with his brother, William II. ilcCoy, on
the homestead. In 18SG, ilr. McCoy was
elecled on the Democratic ticket to the legis-
lature of Delaware, in which he served etti-
ciently for one term, acting on several com-
mittees; he was chairman of the Committee
on Divorce. He has always supported Demo-
cratic views. Douglass ilcCoy is a member
of the Prcbbyterian cluirch. ^[r. !McCoy died
in October, IbUT, after the above was written.

CAPT. JOSEPH COFIELD, Front
Range Light-house, New Ci^stle, Del., was
born in the city of New York, August 15,
1S49, son of Peter Cofield, a native of that
city, and a carpenter, ilr. Cofield was the
youngest of four children, two daughters and
two sons; his mother died while he was still
very young. She was siicceeded in the home
by an unsympathetic step-mother, and the boy
left the house when he was only seven years
old, and found his way to Randall's island,
where he spent two years at the Home for the
Friendless, during which time he attended
scliool. He was then taken into the family of
Charles 13. Harmer, of Salem county, N. J.,
for whom he worked as a farm laborer until
he reached his nuijority, receiving only his
board and clothing as compensation for his
work; so that when he set out at the age of
twenty-(jne, to seek his fortune in the world,
he was entirely without money. In 1872, he
found employment in a rolling mill at Wil-
mington, Del., where he not only toiled stead-
ily and faithfully at his business, but also de-
voted many of his leisure houi-s to supplying
the lack of early education. At the end nf
Iwo vcars, Mr. Cufield left the mill for the

bay, being engaged on tlie boats running be-
tween Penn's drove, N. J., and Wilmington.
He became captain of the Munj Ellvn, and
continued to navigate the Bay for eight years
in this responsilile position. During this i^er-
iod, by frugal management, he saved enough
to purchase a boat, and gradually became the
owner of two sloops, the Black Baas and the
A?in, and a schooner, the SaraJi. These ves-
sels were employed in carrying passengers and
freight between Philadelphia and Wilming-
ton.

Put a misfortune led to Captain Cofield's
abandoning the water. The Black Bass was
run into and sunk by the steamer Sainud Ful-
loit, and the sloop not being insured, he lost
more than $1,5U0, .so large a part of his savings
that he was compelled to relinipiish the carry-
ing trade, and turn his attention to contract-
ing and teaming in the city of Wilmington.
Put the tough, self-reliant spirit with which,
from his lonely boyhood on through life, he
had met and conquered difficulties, was to
meet with a reward in a favorable change. In
1SS3, Capt. Cofield received from the U. S.
Government the appointment of second as-
sistant on the ship Julin Light, on which he
spent four years. He was then transferred to
the Cohansey light, on the New Jereey coast,
and thence, in 1S88, to his present important
position as keeper of the Front Range Light-
house, at New Castle, Del. In this valuable
and humane branch of public service, liis
steady and temperate habits, as well as his in-
telligence, render him very acceptable. IIij
has many warm personal friends. Capt. Co-
field is a member of the A. O. U. W., and for-
merly belonged to Washington Lodge No. 13,
Junior 0. U. A. il.

Joseph Cofield was married in Philadel-
phia, in May, 1870, to ilargaret Morris,
daughter of Thomas and ]\Iargaret (ilorris)
ifelvin. Mr. Melvin was of English descent,
and Avas a contractor and builder; he died in
1S81, but ]\rrs. ilelvin still resides in Wil-
mington. Their daughter, ]\rrs. Cofield, was
born near Harrington, Kent county, Del.; she
is of a genial and kindly disposition. The
children of Capt. and .Afrs. Cofield are: I.
Walter J., born September 12, 1879, edu-
cated in the public schools, and graduated
from the high school of New Castle, is now
reading medicine under J. H. ]\rorgaii, M. D.^
of Wilmington; II. Iics~ic ^L, born May 2.

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52G

BIOCnAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

1883, is attending school, ("apt. Coficld and
liiri family are inenibcrs of the !M. E. church.

SAMUEL T. LANDERS, P. 0. New
Castle, Del., son of John and Anna (Doyle)
Landers, was bom in Philadelphia, Pa., June
12, ISGO.

John Landers was Irish by birth, received a
fair education in his native land, and took up
the business of landscape gardening, at whicli
he spent several years in London, England.
He was married in Ireland, and set out with
his bride in a sailing vessel for America. He
landed in Philadelphia, and there found em-
ployment at his calling until 18G5, when he
came to Wilmington, Del., ajid was for sev-
eral years employed as gardener by Dr. G. P.
!Morris. lie afterwards purchased land in
New Castle hundred, on which he erected
several hothouses, and began the cultivation
of hothouse plants and grapes. He was the
fii-st florist in that part of the country, and
was very successful; he continued in the same
business for the remainder of his life. ifr.
Landei-s was a Democrat, but never sought
public oftice. lie and his wife were mend)ers
of the Catholic church. Both died at tlieir
home in New Castle Imndred, ]Mrs. Landers
in ISSO, and Mr. Landers in 1894; they are
interred in the burying ground belonging to
their church in New Castle. Their children
are: I. Francis C, resides with his brother,
Samuel T. Landers; II. William, of Chester,
Pa.; III. John, died in early life; IV.
Thomas, also died young; V. Samuel T.

Obtaining his education in the public
schotds of New Castle hundred, Samuel T.-
Landers passed his boyhood and youth with
his father, and acquired a thorough knowl-
edge of every branch of the hitter's busines'^.
After the death of John Landers, Samuel T.
Landers end)arked in the cidture of grapes
and hothouse plants on his own aecouni, has
made many improvements in the establish-
ment, and meets with deserved success. Good
taste, sound judgment and diligence fit him
abundantly well for his interesting vocation.
Like his father, he supports the Democratic
party; in 18SII, he was elected on the ticket of
that party to the oflice of Poad (Commissioner
of New Castle hundred, and has made an ef-
ficient and ]iopular official.

Samuel T. Landers was marrieil in New
Castle hundred, in April, ISli;!, to Ellen,

daughter of Thomas and Mary (Barr)') Barry,
both of Irish descent, ilrs. Landers was born
in Christiana hundred, where her father was
a farmer. 'J'heir children are: I. Mary; II.
Helen; III. Samuel T., died young. Mv.
Landers and his family are members of the
Iioman Catholic church.

^ HENRY M. WHITE, P. O. State Road,
New Castle county, Del., son of ^\"illiam and
Isabella (Lancaster) White, was born in New
Castle hundred, November 25, 1845.

Having been educated in the public schools
of New Castle hundred, Henry M. White con-
tinued to live on the luimestead until after, the
death of his father, when he rented the farm
belonging to !Miss Dinninger, in the same hun-
dred. He cultivated that farm until 1892,
when he rented the McComb farm of 315
acres, also in New (^'astle hundred, which he
still cultivates on a large scale, employing five
men constantly in his agricultural operations,
stock raising, etc. Mr. White was elected
commissioner of the Levy Court of New Cas-
tle county on the Democratic ticket, in 1893.
His administration of the office was such that
he was re-elected for a second term of four
years, in 189G.

Henry ]\I. White was man-ied in New Cai-
tle hundred, in 18G8, to Martha Starley, of
the state of ^Maryland. Their children are:
I. Clarence, motorman on the Wilmington A:
New Castle Electric R. R.; II. Percy, at
home; III. Louisa, died young. ]\Irs. Martha
White died on the farm in 1889. Mr. White
was married in 1892, to Lydia, daughter of
Alexander Davidson, a farmer. She was born
in New Castle hundi-ed. All the family are
members of the Episcopal cliurch.

WILLIA:\[ white. New Castle, Del.,
son of William and Isabella (Lanea.ster)
White, was bf>rn in New (_'astle hundred, Jidv
3, 1832.

William White, Sr., and his wife, were
both natives of Yorkshire, England, the for-
mer born in 1800, the latter in 1S12. Mr.
White was educated and became a farmer in
his native country, from which he emigrated
after his marriage. His first twenty-five years
in this country were spent on the Tatnall
farm, in New Castle hundred, of which he
was the o\-erseer. He afterwards rented of
Col. Andrews a farm in the same Imndred,

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vii til,'/ I

.,/: I

STATE OF DELAWAEE

527

wJiicli lie cultivated tip to tlie time of his
<lcatli, ill ISG'J. He was a stanch supporter
of the Democratic party, hut was not ambi-
tious for office. ]\ri"s. White died in Wilming-
ton in ISb-i, and both were interred in the
Braiulvwiiie cemetery. Tlicir childicn arc:
I. AViiliam, Jr.; IL Mary (JIi-s. Samuel
Ecklcs), uf Silver City, New ilcxico; ill.
Henry Af., commissioner of the l^'vy Court of
New Castle county; IV. George; \. Kobcrt;
\\. John; VII. Thomas; VIII. James; IX.
Hannah. The last six all died after arriving
at mature yeai-s. The parents and family
were all members of the Episcopal church.

Their eldest son, AVilliani White, Jr., was
born on the Tatnall farm; he has been all his
life a dweller in New Castle hundred. His
school education was obtained during the win-
ter months, in the public schools; his training
for his vocation, that of farming, was carried
on by his father during the summer season.
ill-. White resided with his parents until
1800, when he rented a small farm belonging
to Col. Andrews, upon which he spent a few
years. His next farm was the John A. Griffon
farm, which he cultivated for twenty-three
years. His third and last place was a farm
near the present site of the New Castle county
liospital; on this farm he resided until 1893,
when he retired from business, and removed
to New Castle, to enjoy a life of leisure. ]\Ir.
White was a thonnighly practical farmer, and
was very successful in raising both abundant
crops and live stock of excellent breeds. lie
is an earnest and progressive man, and since
his residence in New Castle, has actively pro-
muted the welfare and improvement of that
city. He has built two fine dwellings within
its limits, and bought two othei-s, one of the
latter being the brick mansion in which he
u>)W resides. Like his father and brother, Mr.
White has always been a firm supporter of
Democratic principles. He was road commis-
sioner of New Castle hundred for over eight
years, and was elected to the City Council of
New Castle in 1897; to both of these offices
he has given the benefit of a lialiit of diligent
attention to business, and of a sound and ma-
ture judgment.

William White, Jr., was married in New
Castle in 1S()(), to Sarah, daughter of Fred-
erick and Hannah (Rolton") Riding, both of
whom were born in Pxilton, Kngland. Mr.
Tiidiiig was well-known a-^ a macliini-t in .\e\v

Castle; his family comprised three sons and
three daughters. The children of !Mr. and
;Mi-s. White are: I. Henry, a farmer of New
Castle hundred; II. Isabella, wife of E. II.
Jamison, of the Treasury Department, Wash-
ington, D. C. ; III. Leslie, farmer, of New
Castle hundred, married Annie McNaliy; IV.
Edith, wife of James Edwards, a farmer of
New Castle hundred; V. IJobcrt, a plumber
of New Castle; VI. Bessie, at home; besides
three children who died in infancy. Ish:
White and his excellent M-ife, a lady who pos-
sesses many friends, are members of the Epis-
cojial church, to which their children also be-
long.

CHARLES II. CT.EWELL, New Castle.
Del., son of Henry and Elizabeth (Peysart)
Clewell, was born in Nazareth, Northampton
county, Pa., December 7, 1S('>0.

Northampton county was largely settled by
emigrants of Gennan descent, and of these the
Clewell family was among the earliest. Ja-
cob Clewell, grandfather of Charles II. Cle-
well, was born in Nazareth in 1800. He at-
tended subscription schools, which in those
times imparted instructions in both the Eng-
lish and the German languages. Mr. Clewell
afterwards learned cabinet making, and car-
ried on that business throughout life. A part
of his manufacture consisted in making from
the rough timber various parts of articles of
ftn-nitnre, which were shipped to other places
to be put together. Mr. Clewell was also an
undertaker. He was a steady and useful cit-
izen. Democratic in liis politics, and an active
member of the United Brethren church (Mor-
avian). His family adhered to the same de-
nomination. His son, Henry Clewell, was
born in 1820, in the same town. He also re-
ceived an ]^ngli^ll and German education, at-
tending both subscription and public schools,
tlie latter being then a new institution in
Pennsylvania. Henry Clewell acquired all
branches of his father's business, but made
that of undertaking and embalming his spe-
cialty; he still follows that vocation in Naza-
I'eth, where he built a home for his family,
besides other dwellings. Like his father, he
is a Democrat. His wife, Elizabeth (Peysart)
Clewell, was born in Bethlehem, Pa., in
1828; they were married in Nazareth. Their
children are: I. Caroline (Airs. Fred. J.
Lice), of Bethleliem; IL Eugene, engaged in

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528

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

the nianiifaeture of furniture in Nazareth;

III. Frederick, deceased; IV. Charles IL; V.
Ilobert, deceased; VI. Henry, real estate
agent and notary public, Nazareth, Pa. Both
jiarents are still living; they are members of
the iloravian chuVch. After having received
his education in the pnblic schools (>f Na/a-
jeth, Charles 11. Clewell learned thoroughly
the undertaking and embalming business, un-
der his father's instructions. He did not leave
his father's office until he was nineteen years
of age, when he became manager of the estab-
lishment of Wickhani M. Clark, undertaker
and embalmer, of Ilackettstown, N. J., for
which position although so young, he was al-
ready quite competent, having given careful
attention to all branches of the business. He
remained in ilr. Clark's employ for' four
years, after which he became assistant to J.
A. AVilson, undertjiker, of Wilmington, Del.,
aiul continued two years in that position. In
February, 18S5, Mr. Clewell removed to New
Castle, and began business on his own account
as undertaker and embalmer; he was the first
to establish the latter branch in this city. Mr.
Clewell manufactures his own caskets. His
enterprise and industry, his good taite and
propriety in the performance of his duties,
have been rewarded with financial success.
Mr. Clewell's political views are Democratic;
he was elected in 18'j7 to the City (Council of
New Castle. He is a member of St. Jolin's
Lodge, F. & A. ]\I., New Castle, and of the
A. 0. U. W. ; he was formerly connected with
the I. O. O. F.

Charles H. Clewell was married in Hack-
ettstown, N. J., in 1883, to Jennie, daughter
of Abraham (lUtrick, a miller of that town,
which was ]\rrs. Clewell's birthplace. She is
of English descent. Their children are: I.
Caroline; II. Ethel, died young; III. ^label;

IV. Pearl. Mr. Clewell and his family are
meniliers of the M. E. church.

WILMEK REED, State Poad, Delaware,
son of Osixirn -and ^[ary (Burk) Peed, was
born December 4, 1848, near Doylestown,
]'a. Osborn Peed was a native of tlie same
place, born April 18, 1811, of Scotch-Irish an-
cestry.

After attending the subscription schools of
Bucks county, he began Imsiness life as a
farmer's boy and continued to f(dlow the same
vocation in his native county until 1855, when

he removed to Cecil county, ifaryland. Hero
he farmed for six years, and then removed
iigain, to a farm which he rented in Penca<ler
hundred, New Castle county, Delaware.
Several yean later Mr. Peed abandoned farm-
ing, and from that time led a life of leisure,
residing in his latter days with his son, ^Vil-
mer Peed. He oiiginally was a Whig, and on
the change of party lines became a Pepubli-
can. He served as tax collector for Bucks
county, Pa. His wife, Mary (Burk) Peed,
to whom he was married in her native place,
Bucks county, Pa., was of Irish ancestry,
born December 11, ISll. llieir children
are: I. L^cy A. (]\Irs. John Pupp), deceased;
II. Charles, who while serving in the Dela-
ware Volunteer Infantry in the Civil War
was taken a prisoner and died in the Confed-
erate prison at Andei-sonvillc, Cia. ; III. Cath-
arine (IMrs. John Wiswell), of Chester county,
Pa.; IV. David, of Newark, Delaware; V.
Wilmer; VI. Albert, a blacksmith; VII. Dan-
iel, of Newark, Delaware; VIII. Anna, (ilrs.
Frank Hughes), of Wilminiiton, Delaware;
IX. Emily (Mrs. Pobert Smith), of Philadel-
phia, Pa.; and three who died in infancy.
The family Avere mendiers of the iIetllodi^t
Episcopal Church. While on a visit to one of
his gTandchildren in Newark, Delaware, Os-
born Peed died December 4th, 1890, and was
buried in the ^Methodist burying ground at
that place, by the side of his wife, who dicil
also at Newark, December 14, 1872.

For a limited time, Wilmer Peed attended
the public schools of Cecil county, [Maryland;
afterwards devoting his attention to farming
at home with his father until his fifteenth
year. For the next ten years he was em-
ployed as a farm hand at various places in
New Ca.stle hundred. The next twelve wero
spent in the employ of the Philadelphia, Wil-
mington and Baltimore Pailroad Company.
In JNfarch, 188(i, he returned to farming, his
chosen vocation, in which he always took great
pleasure, by renting the Locust Grove farm
in New Castle hundred, formerly a part of the
"Johns" estate. Peniaining there ten years,
he moved to the firubb farm adjoining the P.,
W. it B. P. P. at State Road, same hundred.
In }ilareh, 1SU8, he moved to "Sunny Side"
farm, located on the eastern side of the "old
state road," about one mile south of State
Poad Station, New Castle hundred. New Cas-
tle county, which he had purchased in ISiUi.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

531

His success at fanning has been clue to his dil-
it'eiue and perseverance, combined witii tlie
faitht'id, iiiireinitting industry of his wife.

W'ilnier Reed was married JIarch 11, 1808,
to Jiiciuuon Wilton, daughter of (ieorge and
ifary (Uodniau) Carter, born near Ked Lion,
2s'ew Castle hundred, Xoveniber 12, l!S4(i.
!Mr. Carter eanie to this country in his nine-
teenth year from England, where he was born
April 4, 1815. He sjient his life farming in
>ve\v Castle county; died June 13, 18SG. His
wife was of German ancestry, born in New
Ca>t]e hundred March IG, I'sii). The chil-
dren of AViimer and Richmon Wilton Reed
are: I. Charles L., of Sjjarrow's Point, ifd.,
who married Alary ^Miller, of State Road, Del-
aware, has children, i. Leslie, ii. Clarence, iii.
Raymond, iv. ilary Reed, died May 13, 1898;
11. .Mary, died young; III. Elmer W., at
home; IV. Emma il., at home. Air. Reed is
genial and kindly, and his tastes are domestic.

ALFRED LOFLAXD, P. 0. Christiana,
Del., son of Elias and Elizabeth (!Morris) Lof-
land, was born in Cedar Creek hundred, Sus-
sex county, Del., May 12, 1825.

Among the frugal and industrious early
English settlers of Delaware, the Lofland
family lield no mean place; they took an ac-
tive and honorable part in the Imilding np of
the conununity in which they lived, and more
than one of them lent a willing hand in the
colonial cause, in Revolutionary days. Lit-
tleton Lofland, grandfather of Alfred Lofland,
was born in Delaware wliile that state still
formed a ]jart of Pennsylvania. He was a
farmer and a large land owner of Cedar Creek
hundred; he lived and died in Sussex county.
Tie was a man of substantial build and great
physical strength; he was well kmjwn
throughout the surrounding country, and was
mucii respected. ]\Ir. Lofland and his family
Were luenibei's of the M. E. church.

Among the children of Littleton Lofland
was Elia.s Lofland, born and ed\icated in Cedar
Creek hundred. His pnncipal and life-long
Vfjcaiion was farming. lie bought and im-
provfd a tract of land in Cedar Creek hun-
dred, which he cultivated. He was a leader
in file agricultural operations of his vicinity,
and a ])romoter of progress and imjiroveniciit
in meliiods of business. He was esteeme<l f. .>•
many good (jualities, an industrious man, and
of ixind disposition. ]\Ir. Lofland was for

several years justice of the peace in Sussex
county. For some years, he kept a store in
New ilarkct. He was an active worker in the
Democratic ranks, a warm admirer and sup-
pi>rtcr (if President Jackscui. Elias hofland
was married in Cedar Creek hundred to Eliz-
abeth, daugliter of I^ivins ]M(jiTis, a wx'W-
known ship merchant and land owner of Sus-
sex county, Del. Tlieir ciiiidren are: I.
Samuel, died in Sussex county; TI. David,
died at Milton, Del.; III. Elizabeth, widow of
Daviil Warren; IV. Susan Olrs. ,1. P. Hud-
son), died in Xew Castle count v; V. Alary
(.Mrs. William Smith), deceased'; YL Elias;
\'II. Alfred; VIII. Sarah (Mrs. Pm-nel
Lynch). Air. and Airs. Lofland and their fam-
ily were all members of the AI. E. church.
Elias Lofland died on his farm in Cedar ( 'reek
hundred in 1833, at the age of flfty-seven,
leaving his family to mourn the loss of a kind
husband and father. Airs. Lofland also died
on the farm, where she resided \\-ith lier son
Alfred.

The education afforded by th(,' subscriptinn
schools, which Alfred Lofland attended in his
early youth, was very meagre, as the schools
were open for only three months of the year,
and the teachers obtainable for them were by
no means superior. His father dying when
Alfred was only eight years old, the hoy re-
mained on the farm with his mother, and
worked for her faithfully so long as she lived.
At the death of Airs. Lofland, the farm was
sold, and the son, having a strong desire to
visit the AVest, left his native state, and spent
three years in Ohio, Kentticky and Indiana,
where he found emjdoj'ment as a farmer. Re-
turning to Delaware, he spent ten years in cul-
tivating a farm which he rented in Xew Cas-
tle hundred. In 1875 he bought the Ashton
farm of 120 acres, on which he has since re-
sided. He has greatly improved the y*lace,
adding barns and other facilities, re-building
the dwelling-house, etc. In these improve-
ments Air. Lofland has expended over $5,000.
He raises horses of a fine breed, and is a
farmer of ripe ex])erience and sound judg-
ment, which, added to great diligence, have
made him abundantly successfid. He has al-
ways been a stanch Democrat.

Alfred Lofland was man-ied in Pencader
hundred, Xew Castle county, September 7,
1854, to Cynthia, daughter of George and
Sarah (Ilukill) Toppin; she was born Novem-

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532

BioanAriiiOAL encyclopedia

ber 1, 1S3-1, in Cliester county, Pa. Tlicir
children are: I. Alfred, was educated in the
public schools of New (_^astle hundred, was for
fdur vcars engineer on the ill-fated shij)
Eureka, and until she went down, is now en-
gineer on the J^rooklyn Bridge, New York,
married Louisa Cottnian, and has children, i.
John v., ii. Julia, iii. Howard; II. Lillian C,
wife of J. C. Clark, an employee on tiie P.,
AV. & B. R. R., has cliildren, i. Philip P., ii.
Lthel L.; III. Sarah (lAIi-s. George W. Clark),
was educated in the public schools of New
Castle, studied and was graduated at the
"Wilmington Academy, taught school for sev-
eral terms, died at the age of twenty-eight,
leaving children, i. Norman, ii. ilarion; IV.
Irene B., educated in the public schools of
New Castle hundred, has devoted much at-
tention to music and painting, for botli of
which, especially the latter, she possesses pe-
culiar talent, mastering their difficulties with
cumparativcly little instruction; she studied in
Philadelpliia and "Wilmington, and has taken
several fii-st, premiums for painting on china
at art exhibitions in Trenton, N. J.; she re-
sides at home; V. Howard, educated in the
public schools of New Castle county, is a
graduate of 1891 from the Philadelphia Den-
tal Ciillege, and is practicing dentistry in Ken-
nett Square, Pa., married Caroline AVisc, has
children, i. Carl, ii. ilargery, iii. Howard; VI.
Cynthia, educated in the j)ublic schools of
New Castle hundred, and the Newark Acad-
emy, is a graduate in short hand and type-
writing of Coldey's Business College, an intel-
ligent and agreeable young lady; A''II. JIary,
educated in the Y)ublic schools, resides at
home; A'lII. Elizabeth Alorris, educated in
the public schools and at Newark Academy,
of which institution she is a graduate, at
home; IX. Norman, died when fourteen
months old. IMr. Lofland and his family are
members of the ^I. E. church.

George Toppin, l^[rs. Lofland's father, *vas
horn Eeliruary 4, 1&05, and, as usual in that
day, educated in sul>scription schools. \\<^
was a farmer and land owner of Pencader
hundred, and was also for several years a mer-
chant at Toppin's Corner. In 1S72, he re-
moved to AVilmington, where be ke])t a store
for ten years at Eighth and Lombard streets.
Since his retirement from that business, he has
lived at Ici-nre; he is now eighty-t\v(i yeai-s of
ape, but still in posscssirjn of bis pby-ii-al and

mental faculties. He has always been an ar-
dent supijorter of Democratic views. lie was
at one time road oonnnissioner of Pencader
hundred, also supervisiir, ami several times a
member of the election board. His wife, Sa-
rah A. (Ilukill) Tojjpin, was born near ilid-
dletown, Del., her father being a farmer of
that vicinity. The children of Mr. and -Mrs.
Topjiin are: I. Sarah J., died unmarried; II.
Cynthia (Airs. Alfred Lotland); HI. Susan,
married John Hickey, both are deceased; IV.
Amanda, died unmarried; V. Alargaret, wife
of Josiah Lotland, both deceased. Airs. Sarah
'Toi)i)in died at Toppin's Corner, and wa^ in-
terred in the cemetery at lied Lion. .Mr.
Toppin M'as afterwards man-ied to Airs. Julia
(Sparks) Donnelly, a widow. Their children
are: I. George, of AVilmington; II. Ellie;
III. John, of Orange, N. J.; IV. Alary (Airs.
A\'illiam Hoopes); A''. Casper, of AVilmington.
Air. Toppin had always been a consistent
member of the Al. E. church.

JAAIES AL CALLISTER (originally
spelled McAllister), P. O. State Road, New
Castle county, Del., son of Daniel and Alary
E. (Sellitoe) AIcAllister, was born in Phila-
delphia, November 30, 1S51. Belonging to
the Scotch-Irish stock, so numerously settled
in the old Keystone State, the AIcAllister an-
cestors were among the earliest immigrants.
Air. AfcAllister's grandfather, David AIcAllis-
ter, was born in Philadelphia, and after re-
ceiving his school education, chose a sea-faring
life, and was for many years a sailor, visiting
]irinci]ially the AVest Indies. He was for a
long time captain of a vessel, and was well-
known in Philadelphia as Captain AIcAllister.
In Delaware, he was known both as C'aptain
and as "Squire AIcAllister. After giving up
the sea, he kept a hotel for several years in
Philadelphia, and then settled in Red Lion,
Del., where he spent the remainder nf his life,
and where he was for a number of years jus-
tice of tlie ]ioace. Captain AIcAllister was
well known and ])opnbir througlmut the state.
Kindly and cordial, he made friends among
people of all cbissi-s, regardless of diifercnces
of political or religious ojjinion. He was a
stanch Democrat (tf the Jackson tyjie. Ca])-
tain AIcAllister and his wife had fourteen
children, all of whom are deceased except
John, an engineer, of Philadr'li)hia. and Jane,
widow of Stephen Hill, of Delaware. All the

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STATE OF DELAWARE

533

family were mcinbci-s of the M. E. oliureh.
Capt. McAllister died in riiiladelpiiia, while
visiting one of his children, who resided in
that city; he was buried in irount ^Moriah
cemetery.

His son, David JiLcAllister, 2, was also a
native of Philadelphia, where he received a
liberal education. He also learned carpentry
there, which he made his calling during nearly
all his life, extending his business to include
contracting and building. After removing to
New Castle hundred, Del., in 1853, Mr. Mc-
Allister engaged in farming, and carried on
that industry until 1SC7, when he removed to
Pencader hundred. There for several years
he was constable of the hundred, and for three
years ta.x collector. After this he returned to
Philadelphia, and resumed his contracting
and building operations. Mr. McAllister al-
ways adhered to the Democratic party. He
was an excellent man, and was nuich es-
teemed. David McAllister, 2, was married in
Philadelphia, to j\rary E., daughter of Ed-
ward Sellitoe, a contractor and builder of that
city. Their children are: I. Annie, wife of
AVilliam Knott, a farmer; II. Edward, farmer,
of Xew Castle hundred; 111. Margaret (ilrs.
Thomas Fleming), of Wilmington; IV. an in-
fant who died young; V. -Tames; VI. Amelia,
wife of A. J. Hunt, a music teacher, both are
■deceased; VII. David E., died in IS'JlJ; VI 11.
"William, of Philadelphia; IX. Lucy B. (11 rs.
L. B. Sherwood), of Brooklyn, N.Y. Mr.
McAllister died in Philadeljjliia, and his re-
mains were interred in Mount itoriah ceme-
tery. His widow still resides in that city;
they, with their children, were members of
the ]\r. E. church, and both were of exemplary
Christian character.

It was while James M. Callister was still a
child that his parents removed to Delaware,
so that his education was carried on in this
state, in the Xew Castle county common
schools and at the Elkington Academy, from
which he wiu^ graduated in 18GT. lie then
went to Pliiladel])hia, and became a ])lasterer
an<l mason, sj)ending two yeai-s as leanier and
two years as journeyman at these trades. He
then undertook contracts, and erected a num-
ber of public edifices in Philadelphia, includ-
ing cluH-ches and schools, besiiles many pri-
vate residences. After sixteen years of pros-
perity ill this Inisiness, he was com]ie]led tn re-
liiuiiiish it on account of ill health, by urd.'r

of his physician, lie accordingly returned to
farming, an occupation familiar to him in his
early life at his paivnt's home, and with this
object, settled n[)on the farm of 100 acres
which he owns in New Castle hundred. On
this place he has resided since 18'JO, and has
made many judicious improvements. AVith
characteristic enterpiisc, he purchased the
creamery conducted by ilessrs. Lyman &
lattle, and in 1892 engaged in the manufac-
ture of creamery butter. It is the only cream-
eiy in that part of the hundred, and Mr.
Callister has not only opened up a profitable
line of business for himself, but afi"orded the
neighboring farmei-s a market for their milk.
His honorable and sensible business methods
command general respect. Mv. Callister is
known as an "independent Democrat," voting
always for the candidate whom he considers
the best nuin for the place, without regard to
])olitical convictions or other ditferences of
opinion. He was register of votes in Xew
Castle for one .year, and has also served as
clerk of the school board, and as collector of
the school tax. He was formerly a member
of the I. 0. O. F., of Philadelphia, and is now
connected with the Blue Lodge, F. & A. M.,
Xew Castle.

James ]\L Callister was married in Phihidel-
phia, in 1883, to Annie, adopted daughter of
James McCarthy, of that city. Their chil-
dren are: I. Albert; II. Howard; III. Wal-
ter; IV. Harvey; V. Mary E.; VI. Ethel. Mr.
Callister and his family are membei-s of the
M. E. church.

ABRA]\I FOX, P. O. Bear, Xew Castle
county, Del., son of Abraham M. and Annie
(Poor) Fox, was born in Little Creek hun-
dred, Kent county, Del., March 14, 18C1.

Job Fox, grandfather of Abram Fox, was
a farmer and hotel keeper of Little Creek
hundred, Kent Cdunty, Del., where his son,
Abraham ]\r. Fox Avas born in 1831. Abra-
ham M. Fox was educated in the public
schools of Little ( 'reek hundred. lie has de-
\ot('d his life to the culti\ation of the soil in
Little Creek hundred and now resides on the
himiestead on a fertile farm of 200 acres, on
which he has nuule many improvements. Mr.
1'^)X is a member of the Democratic party, in-
terested in the affairs of his district, and for
Sdiiie years serveil in the board of school cnm-
iiii^si<iners of Little Creek hundred. Abra-

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53-1

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

liiiin M. Fox was man'ieJ in Kent county,
L)el., to Annie Poor, a native of Kent county.
Tlieir children are: I. i'-lizabeth (Mrs. EJ-
warJ I'iciiionton), deceased, mother of two
children, ilorence and llowarti; 11. Laura;
III. ALirani; IV. Mary, deceased; \'. An-
nie, deceased; VI. Susan; VII. Alice; Vlll.
Itfbecca (Mrs. E. Atkins); IX. Kohert. Mr.
Fox, his wife and family are niemhers of the
M. E. church.

Abrani Fox attended the public schools of
his native hundred and from boyhood worked
on the homestead. He remained at home un-
til he was twenty-six, when, having accjuired a
practical knowledge of husbandry, he began
farming on his own account. For eight years
ilr. Fox cultivated rented land, spending
three years on a fanu of 100 acres in Little
Creek hundred; two yeai-s on a large tract in
the same hundred, where he began raising fine
cattle; two years on a fann of 200 acres be-
longing to P. W. Adams, in St. (Jeorge's
h\nulred, Xew f'astle county; and one year on
a small farm near iMidilletown. ]Mr. Fox now
found himself able to purchase land, and not
very long after his marriage bought his pres-
ent home, a farm of 14-1 acres, from J. T.
Ilayes, tax-collector of New Castle hundred.
With characteristic energy Mr. Fox began im-
proving his ])roperty, increasing the value of
the land by careful cultivation and erecting
comfortable and convenient building's. Ilis
well-tilled fields have richly repaid his indus-
try and liberal management by yielding abun-
dant harvests. He is vei-y successful in rais-
ing live stock and has none but fine animals,
all in excellent condition. j\Ir. Fox is a firm
supporter of Democratic principles, an active
Worker for the success of his party, and has
served as road commissioner of Little Creek
hundi-ed.

Abram Fox was niamed near Middletown,
Del., ilarch 2>s, iN'Jlr, to ilinnie C., only
child of C. J. and Sarah (l)ichl) Vandegrift.
Their only child, Xellie Vandegrift Ftix, is
living, born October 17, 189S. !Mr. Fox aiul
his wife are members of the M. E. church.
Their genial 'manner and real kindness draw
many friends to their pleasant hospitalile
home.

C J. Vandegrift, father of Mi-s. Fox, is a
suecessfid fanner of Delaware, his native
state. lie is an active worker in the ranks of
the Democracv. He owns and culti\ates a

farm in St. (ieorge's hundred. New Ca-stle-
county. lie and his wife are membei-s of
the Presbyterian church.

ADAM MILLEK, P. (). State Road, New
Castle county, Del., was born in Wurtembcrg,
CJcrmany, ()et(d)er 15, 182;J, and is the only
son of Jacob and J\Iary (Anstadt) ^Miller, both
natives of AVurtemberg. Jacob iliiler was i
farmer. Both parents died in their native
country; their two daughters, Kosanna and
Barbara, died in early youth. All the family
were members of the established church of
CJermany.

Having received the good education guar-
anteed by law to every German child, Adam
ililler continued to live with his parents until
he was twenty-four yeai-s old, working on his
fatlier's farm. Then, deciding to seek his for-
tune in this land of larger opportunities, he
bade farewell to his parents, and sailed on the
Ililliugton, a packet ship leaving Antwerp,
and, after a rough passage of fifty-two days,
landcil in the city of New York. It was in
the spring of 1847. The expenses of his voy-
age had left him but little money, and he
made his way as si)eedily as possible to Phila-
delphia, where an uncle of his, John ililler,
was established in the confectionery business.
Not being able to .secure employment in the
city, Adam ^Miller pressed onward to Dela-
ware, after a stay of only two days, and found
in New Castle hundred a jiosition as farm
hand, with ^Mr. Lenden. AVith this employer
he remained three years, earning twelve dol-
lars per month. For the next eight years he
worked on the farm of ;Mr. Purnham, in the
same hundred, and during that time saved
enough to buy nine acres of land, on which he
began farming on his own account. Some
time later, he added forty-five acres of the
(irubb tract, which he improved, rebuilding
both the dwelling and the liarn. On this
place, with true derman industry and thrift,
^U: lyiiller has nuule a success of nnirket gar-
dening, and is still diligently carrying on tlie
same business. lie is regarded in the com-
munity as an intelligent and reliable citizen,
and has filled the othce of school director of
the hundred. Adam Miller's efi'orts have been
faithfully aided by his excellent wife, Char-
lotte M. (Kurd) ^filler, whom he married in
New CiLstle hundred, June 14, 18,")C. She
also is a native of Wurtemberg, Germany,

'A dl/>^ '\ V!.j\ .»U

183

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STATE OF DKLAWAEh'

535

■\vlio came to tliis coiintiy at the age of twenty-
two to seek eiiiployineiit. She found it in
Xcw Castle hundred, where she afterward
met and married her worthy liushantl. ]5i)th
are well knowni to tlie citizens of New Castle,
where they have liecn attending the market
for more tlian thirty years. Their ehihlren
are: I. Samuel 15.; 11. Jlary, Lorn in lS(i!»,
Avife oT Ciiarles Kecnl, superintendent of the
Harlan & llollingsworth iron works, Wil-
inin<rton, Del.; III. I'Catie, twin sister of
Mary, died younj^. Adam ^filler is a mendier
of the Preshyterian church.

Samuel B. Miller, State Road, Del., son of
Adam and Charlotte M. (Kurd) ililler, was
horn in New Castle hundred, Fehruary 2'),
ISO"). lie received a common school educa-
tion in the same hundred, and has passed hid
life on the farm with his father. lie hepjan
store-keeping at State Hoad in 1894. lie is
an active su]iporter of tlie Democratic ])arty,
and was elected on its ticket in 1893 to the
office of road commissioner. He has fidtilled
the duties entrusted to him with full satisfac-
tion to his constituents, lie helongs to the
Masonic fraternity, Leing affiliated with St.
John's Lodge, No. 2, of New Castle. Sanaud
B. ]\Iiller was married in Xew Castle hun-
dred, Api-il 29, 1890, to Jennie Clingh, of
New Castle hundred; they have one child,
Bessie, ilr. ^liller is a substantial and re-
spected citizen.

WALTER S. BITRBIS, Bear, New Castle
t-ounty, 1)(L, son of John W. and Adeline
(Dennis) Burris, was born in Kent county,
Del., November 28, 1807.

^Ir. Burris' grandparents, Edward and
Catherine (Kmerstm) Burris, were natives of
Delaware. They died in New Castle county,
Del., ami are buried in Bethel cemetery, Cecil
coimty, Md. Their son, John AV. Bums, fa-
ther of "Walter S. Burris, was born near Do-
ver, Kent county, Del. He was educated in
Kent county, Del., and devoted his life to the
cidtivation of the soil. After farming for
sometime on rented land, spending one year
on a farm near j\Iount Pleasant, New Castle
county; two yeare near Odessa, Del.; and sev-
eral yeai-s in Pencader hundred, he bought a
farm of 78 acres situated in New Castle hun-
dred. In 1894 Mr. Burris removed to his
present home, a farm of 140 acres in Kid
Lion hundred. New Castle county. He, how-

ever, still retaineil the pro|)erty in New Cas-
tle hundred, ilr. Bm'ris is a member of the
Rcpuiilican party, interested in local atTiurs
ami has served acceptably on the board of
School connnissioners. .lohn ^\^ Burris was
married at Middletown, Del., Seiitendter 10,
1807, to- Adeline, daughter of (ieorge and
I'llizabeth (Clifton) Dennis, born at Frederica,
Kent county, Del. Their children are: I.
Walter S.;'ll. Anna Mary, deceased; III.
Catharine, deceased; IV. Edward, fanner;
V. Cornelia J. (ilrs. Powel S. Rhodes); VI.
Adeline (ilrs. Irvin Lea(di), Christiana, Del.;
VII. ;\Iay A.; VIII. John M.; IX. James T.;
X. Elizabeth P.; XL Ida; XII. C.eorge P.;
XII I. William. ,Mr. Burris, his wife and
family are members of the ~M. E. church, and
are earnest and etHcient workers. ^Ir. Burris
is superintendent of the Sunday school.

Walter S. Burris attended the public
S(diools of the district during the winter ses-
sions, and remained at home, working with his
father on the farm, until he attained his ma-
jority. The c[uiet, uneventful life of a
farmer had no attractions for IMr. Burris; ho
]oiige<l for the stir and bustle of a mercantile
cancer. Knowing that his ])arents were un-
able to assist him, he borrowed a sum of
money, and began dealing in live stock, llis
first venture proving decidedly successful, he
contiiuied in the business, traveling through
the states, buying and shipping to Philadel-
jdiia. Pa., New Vork City, and other large
markets. ^Ir. lini-i-is is a thorough business
man, energetic and enterjirising; he is also a
good judge of cattle and a conscientious
dealer. In January, 189(5, he o])ened a gen-
eral store at Bear Station, New ( 'astle county.
This establishment, which is a ffnancial suc-
cess, is under the charge of his brother-in-law,
James W. .Mai.sey. In Septend)er, 1897, Air.
Burris was appointed postmaster at Bear Sta-
tion, receiving his office from President AIc-
Kinley. His ])leasant, obliging nuinner makes
him a jiopular officer. Air. Bums is a Bepub-
lican, an active etHcient worker, but not an of-
ffce seeker. He was a mendier of the Jr. O.
IT. A. AL

AValter S. Burris was married in 1891, ne.ir
Bed Lion, New Castle county, to Clara B.,
daughter of John and Alary (Wright) Alaisey,
who was born near Red Lion. They have one
child, Harry A. ^fr. Bui-ris anil his wife are
members of the AI. !•]. church. Airs. liiuTis'

' V 1

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536

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPIWIA

parents wore native:; of Yorksliiro, England.
Her father, John ^laisey, died on his farm
near Kcd Lion, New (\istle county, Delaware.

JAI^rES FLINN, r. 0. Wilmington, Del.,
was horn in Connty I'^ernianaah, Ulster, Ire-
land, August G, 18^0, and is a son of Patrick
and llargaret (ifonaghan) Flinn. Hutli his
■])arents were bom, lived and died in Co>inty
Fermanagh. Patrick Flinn was a farmer.
They had eight children, most of whom emi-
grated to Australia, James Flinn only coming
to America. Mr. and !Mrs. Patrick Flinn bo-
longed to the Catholic church.

James Flinn received a fair education in
the schools of his native country, and learned
bookkeeping, double and single entry. lie
worked on the fann, remaining at home with
Lis parents until he was nineteen yeai-s of age,
when he fomied the design of improving his
condition by emigrating to America, the land
of hope for so many of his coimtiymon. lie
embarked in 1849, at Londonderry, Ireland,
in the sailing vessel Superior, commanded by
Captain Pioyle, a native of that city. His pas-
sage cost him three pounds, five shillings, or
about sixteen dollars. It took six weeks to
make the voyage across the Atlantic; and
wlien at length the boy of nineteen landed in
Philadelphia, all his worldly wealth was a
stout heart and a pair of willing hands, and
sixty cents. IIo was first employed for a year
and a half, at ten dollare per month, on the
fann of Pandolph Vernon, in Chester county.
Pa. He then came to Wilmington, and found
work in the foundry and machine shop of
Harlan & irollingswortli. I fere he learned
boiler making, and spent seven yeare in that
department, receiving sixteen dollai-s and a
half a week. By careful and economical
management, he saved enough during that
time to begin business as a market gardener,
■which he did in 18G5, firet renting a tract of
fifteen acres, which he cultivated for two
years, and then buying a farm of Anthony
Williams. Here for the past thirty years, he
has can-icd on a succt'^sful business, aided by
his faithful and industrious wife, who attends
market twice every week. The buildings
and other improvements on the farm have cost
over twelve hundred (lollare. Thanks to their
frugal and judicious economy, Mr. and 'Mrs.
Flinn have been able to enjoy many of the
pleasures and luxuries of life. Three years

after their marriage, they visited their native
island, and passed sonu' time very agreeably
among relati\'es and friends. Mr. Flinn is a
Democrat; while interestctl in the concerns of
his ado|)ted country, he prefers his own busi-
ness to the cares and unceilainties of public
oflice.

In Wilmington, in IS.")-!, James Flinn was
married by the Ivcv. Father Donahoe to Isa-
bella, daughter of Joseph and ^[argaret
(AVhitaker) Parker, ^[rs. Flinn was born in
County Kildare, Ireland, and was an only
child. Her mother died when Isabella was
but three weeks old; her father, who was a
stone mason, also died in his native countiy;
both were membei's of the Catholic church.
Jliss Parker came to America in 1851, on the
ship Jllary Pleasant, landing at Philadelphia;
from that city she came to Wilmington,
where she had friends, and where she subse-
quently met and was married to ~Mv. Flinn.
'J'heir children are: I. Jennie, wife of Henry
Steck, foreman of Vance's bakery, Philadel-
])hia, has children, i. Harry, ii. Walter, iii.
(leorge; II. ifargaret, wife of Dennis ilc-
Ciuire, machinist in the P. R. shops at Wil-
mington, has one child, James; III. Isabella,
wife of Alfred Lewis, market gardener of
Christiana, Del., has children, i. ilabel, ii.
(■race, iii. Alfred; IV. John, machinist of
J^altimore; V. James, died at the age of
eleven years, was a dutiful and promising
child. The Flinn family are members of the
Pi. C. church at Wilmington.

JOSEPH LeFEVRE, p. 0. New Castle,
Del., son of James and Hannah !M. (ilyers)
LeFevre, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., Feb-
ruary 22, 1835.

It was about the year 1G20, only thirteen
years after the first permanent settlement had
been made by the English on the James
Iviver, in Virginia, that the first representa-
ti\e of the LeFevre family came to the region
in which the city of Xcw Castle now stands.
'J'his was Jacques, or James LeFevre, bom of
an old and honorable Huguenot family, in the
north of France. He was a lieutenant in the
French anny; but during the persecutions of
that unhappy time, which robbed Friuice of so
many of her most valuable citizens, James Lc;-
Fevre and two of his brothers were comi)ellcd
to exile themselves from their country. 'IMie
brothers Hyi)olite and Jean, or John LeFevre,

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STATE OF IJELAWAIiE

537

took refuge in England, wliile James became
one of the pioneer settler:; of Delaware, tlieu
a part of the province of Pennsylvania. Here
he passed the rest of liis life, in the tranquil
labors of farming and grape culture; here he
died, and liis remains were buried in the cem-
etery belonging to the Emanuel Church, thun
a parish of the established Church of Eng-
land,' he was one of the earliest members of
that congregation. This gentleman was the
great-great-grandfather, and one of his chil-
dren, James EeFevre, 2, was the great grand-
father of Joseph LeFevre. James LeFevre
2, whose occupation was wiX)d working, lived
and died in tlie town of New Castle, was a
member of the same church with his father,
and was interred in the same churchyard.

His son, James LeFevre, 3, was born in
New Castle in 1705. lie passed his M'hole
life there, devoting it almost entirely to mer-
cantile pursuits. He was a prominent citizen,
and was active in the struggle of America for
freedom, being commissioned as lieutenant in
the continental army. He died in New Cas-
tle, January 18, 1787, and was buried in the
graveyard of Emanxiel church; the monument
which marks his resting-place stands near the
door of th6 church. James LeFevre, 3, mar-
ried iliss Jacjuet, who was, like himself, of
French ancestry, and was a native of Wil-
mington. Tlieir children were: I. Susan,
born July 5, 1773; XL Elizabeth, born Sep-
tember -1, 1775; III. Christiana, born Febru-
ary 7, 1777; IV. James, born August 3,
1770; y. Ingebor, l)orn June 5, 1782, died
July 27, 1817. Tiie honored mother of this
family was a member with her husband of
Emanuel P. E. church, in which cemetery she
also was laid to rest.

Their fourth child and only suu, James
LeFevre, 4, received a fair education for the
time in which he lived, became the father's
assistant in the store, and for some yaws gave
his attention to mercantile business in New
Castle. He afterward sailed as supercargo to
Central and South America, returning to
New Castle'before the war of 1812, during
which he was lieutenant in a Peun^yhania
regiment. Mr. LeFevre resided in l^hiladel-
phia after the war, and was agent fcir tlie
Frenchtown K. I\., and for the steambnat line
connected with that road, consisting of the
boats named liohert ]\f orris, Oliio and Xca>
Philadrl/ilna; in this pcisition he cunliiiiicd

until 1841, f\hen he retired from active life.
lie was the owner of several houses in Phila-
delphia, in one of which he li\ed during his
declining years. James LeFevre, 4, wa< mar-
ried in Philadelphia to Hannah iL ilyers,
who was b(jrn in Trenton, N. J. Their chil-
dren are: 1. James, born August 7, ISIG,
died in ^Montgomery county, Pa., in 188C; 11.
John li., born December 4, 1817, is deceased;

III. Elizabeth, born :May 24, 1819, on the
same day with (^ueen \'ictoria, married Jus-
eph D. Stewart, .\L I)., of Philadelphia, and
her Son, James Stewart, was born on tlie same
day with the Prince of Wales, and was killed
at the battle uf .Malvern Hill, July 1, ls(12;

IV. Ingebor (.Mrs. John Trump), of Philadel-
phia, Ijorn ilay I'J, 1821; V. GiL'^tavus IL,
born in IS.'iO, .iicd in 1882; VI. William,
Ixirn in 1S32, died in 1838; VII. Joseph, liorn
on Washington's birthday, 1835; VIII. iLiry
(.Mrs. Shinell), of St. Mary's county, Md.,
born July 0, 1831). Bcitli parents were mem-
bers of Christ Church, Philadelphia, and their
remains Avere interred in the old cemetery be-
longing to that historic church, at Fifth and
Arch streets, Pliiladelphia. ilre. LeFevre
was a woman of noble and benevolent spirit
and enjoyed the affection and rcsjiect of a
large circle of friends. !Mr. LeFevre, al-
though he did not seek public office, always
took an active and leading part in the affairs
of the community in which he lived. Besides
his city property, he owned tracts of land in
New Castle hundred.

Having been well educated in the public
schools of Philadelphia and at a classical
school in the same city, Joseph LeFevre ob-
tained a position as clerk in a hardware store;
in this employment, however, he spent but a
irhort time, for, with the restless craving for
change common to active and intelligent boys,
he determined to try a sea-faring life. He ac-
cordingly shipped before the mast on board
the barque Hurcujosaa, sailing from Philadel-
jihia to the Gulf of ifexico, to New Orleans
and Havana. Nineteen months' trial of this
occupation proved siitisfying, and after his re-
turn to his native city, j\[r. LeFevre found a
l>osition there as conductor on a street rail-
\\ay car, one of the .'^econd line in jioint of
time in the city. In ISlJl, he left the railway
couq)any's euij)loy to eidi.-t as private in ( 'oiu-
]>anv P), F(jurlh Pennsvhania Volunteers,
C,d.' Wi.'ksomc, ('apt. W. J. Pobin<on. He

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I . . .' )

538

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

was stationed for tliice iiiontlis At A\'asliinf^-
ton, 1). C, Qoiiig ^uard duty, aiul at the cud
of that tiuie was uuistcrcd out. ilr. l.oFevrc
theu removed to his father's farui iu Xow
Castle hundred, and heeaine engaf;x(l iu uiar-
krt iiardening. In 18G4, he again left his
wife and little family for the defeuee of his
eouuti'v, enlisting iu tlie Seeond Delaware
i'a\alry, known as the Milligau Indejuiideut
TJegiment, and was stationed for two months
at AVi'stminster, ifd., his regiment acting as
Eoouts. ]\Ir. LeFevre was nnistered out with
his regiment, August 15, 186-i, with the rank
of eoriKtral. lie then returned to his farm,
where he has ever since given his attention to
nnirket gardening. Ife has made many im-
provements on his land, wliieh are not only
judicious, lint tasteful and heantiful. llis fine
frame dwelling was erected in lSi)4; he has
also huilt a barn at a cost of $;3,0l)0. Mv.
LeFevre has aitende<l the "Wilmington mar-
ket for the past thirty-five years; lie is well-
known, and univei'sally respected for his scn-
sihle and honoral)le business methods. !Mr.
LeFevre is a Democrat, but ca.st his vote for
President Lincoln for his second term; he is a
gold standard man; he does not seek otlice, but
has served as school trustee, and as clerk of the
board. He is a member of Phil .Sheridan
Post, Ko. 21, G. A. Pt.; he also belongs to St.
John's Lodge, F. &, A. M.

Joseph LeFevre was married in Philadel-
phia, in October, 18GI, to Caroline, daughter
of Benjamin and Catherine (Lotland) Sykes;
!Mr. Sykes is English by nativity, and is pro-
prietor and manager of the well-known Creen
Tree hotel, in Philadelphia. ^Irs. LeFevre is
a native of that city. The children of this
marriage are: I. Gustavns, born in Philadel-
phia, resides M'itli his father; IL James, born
in Philadelphia, died in New Castle hundred,
October 12, lSr,4; IIL Tngebor, died October
14, 1805; IV. Nancy M., born in New Castle
hundred, resides at home; V. Caroline, also
at home; YI. ^Maricra Josephine, died in early
womanhood, in 1802; VII. Penjamin S., at
home; VIII. Edith, at home; IX. Flizabeth
Stewart, attending school in Wilnungton.
The younger members of the family are gen-
ial and intelligent, and their home is the cen-
tre of a j)leasant circle of acquaintances.

GEORGE ]\rOOPK, P

New Castle count ^^ Del.,

O. New Castle,

was born on the

farm on which he now resides in New Castlo
county, Del., December 17, 1859.

His father, (ieorge ^loore, son of Henry
iloore, was a native of England. When he
was a child his parents emigrated to America
and settled in New Castle county, Del. Mr.
iloore turned his attention to the eidtivation
of the soil and spent alnio.-;t his whole life on
the DnPont jilace, a tine farm of 200 acres.
Pesides har'csting large cnjps of grain, and
raising fine cattle, llr. ]\Ioore owned and man-
aged a profitable dairy, llis cows were fine
animals, and well repaid his care and liberal
management. IMr. ]\Ioorc was a stanch sup-
porter of the princi])lcs of Democracy, inter-
ested in local afFaii-s, but not an oftice seeker.
lie was well-known and respected in the coun-
ty. (Jeorge ]\I(jore was married in New Castle
to a la<ly of English descent. Their children
are: I. Florence, died in youth; II. Ilarr^',
died in youth; III. George; IV. Robert, died
in childhood; V. John, died in youth; VI.
Hannah, died in childhood; VII. Emeline ;
Vlll. Franklin D., farmer; IX. Mary; X.
Jennie, ilr. !Moore, his wife and family were
members of the Episcopal church. He died at
his home in New Castle county, July 10,
1880, and is buried in River View cemetery,
AVilmington, Del. Ills widow died at the
homestead in 1884, and is buried beside her
husband.

George ]Moore, 2, attended the public schools
of New Castle hundred and completed his
course in the public schools of New Castle.
While still a child he began working on the
homestead and has devoted his life to the eid-
tivation of the soil. He remained at home,
and after his father's death in 1880, took
charge of the farm and nuinaged it for his
mother until the time of her death, when he
began farming for himself. Mr. Moore is a
scientific and ])rogressive farmer, his land is
well cultivated and produces aluindant crops
of grain, and his cattle arc all in excellent con-
dition. His large dairy is supplied from a
herd of thirty cows, which are of the best
bree<ls, and thrive under his careful manage-
ment. Unremitting industry, honesty an<l
frugality ha\e made !Mr. ^Foore a successfid
business man, and have earned for him the
ease and comfort which he now enjoys. His
genial manner has made him a general favor-
ite, while his prudence aiul integnty have won
the res]iect and I'ontideucc of his fcdlow-ci'i-

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.' i.< u ■ i'/

STATE OF DELAWARE

539

zcns. IMr. ^loorc has been a life-lone; worker
in the rnnks of Democracy, but he lias never
sonaht political ))refenuent. lie is a member
of the A. O. U. W., of Xew Castle, Del.

(leorgc ^loore was married in Wilmington,
Del., .March 31, IS'Jl, to Mary (!., dano-bter
of Kobert and Susan (Schrolet) White, born
in St. (Jeorgc's hundred. New Clastic connly,
Del. -Their children are: I. Ellen Wliite ;
11. J{ol)ert White; III. Ileury ]]ur-ay. Mr.
^loore, his wife and family are members of
the Episcopal church and attend Emanuel's
church, Xew Castle, Del. ^Irs. ifoore's ([uiet
but agreeable manner and intelligent conver-
sation make their hospitable home very attrac-
tive.

^Ii"s. IMoorc's father, Robert White, farmer,
was bom in Xew Castle county. His life w:ls
devoted to the cultivation of the soil. He had
two brothers, AVilliam and Henry ^[., com-
missioners of the Levy Court. TJobcrt AVhite
was maiTied to Sarah, daughter of Kobcrt and
Susan Schrolet, both (Jermaiis by descent and
natives of Pennsylvania. Mr. White and his
wife were members of the Episcopal church,
lie died in Duluth, Minn., in 1874; his widow
died in 1S8S at Wilmington, Del, and is bur-
ied in the old Swedish burial ground in Wil-
mington.

EDWARD M. CALLTSTER (originally
spelled ]\rcAllistcr), P. O. Xew Castle, Del.,
son of David and :\rary E. (Sellitoc) :\rcAllis-
ter, was born in Wilmington, Del., April 7,
IMli.

Vcv five years, Edward if. Callister attended
the public schools of Peneader hundred; he
was a close student, and during that time thor-
oroughly mastered the elements of a good
English education. lie has. since added to
his stock of knowledge by reading, for which
lie has much taste; he is also a good writer. As
a 3'outh, he was his father's assistant on the
farm; and when the family removed to Phila-
delphia, he cdjtained employment as a driver
for the Knickerbocker Ice Company, serving
satisfactorily for three years. Returning to
Delaware, he was engaged for a similar ])iisi-
tion with the Pnsey Ice Company of Wil-
mington, in which also he spent three ycai-s.
In 1870, he em])loyed hii savings in stocking
a grocery store in Wilmington, which he con-
ducted throughout the business panic of
187ti-77; at last, however, the pressure of the

times compelled liim to relinquish the enter-
jirise. AVith $1,000 that remained to him, he
began dealing in live stock, removing for that
jnirpose to Xew (.'astle hundred, where he in-
vested in stock for the Philadelphia market.
After two years of success in this venture, !Mr.
Callister rentc(l the farm of i'\ .lanvicr in
Red Lion hundred, and cultivated it for a
year. He ne.xt rented a farm of IJOO acres,
belonging to AV. A. Clever, in Saint Cleorge's
hundi-ed; here he engaged in raising grain and
stock on a large scale, and continued until
1884; by this time he had laid up an amount
sutiicient to buy the tract of 11*4 acres upon
which he now resides, and which at that time
was the property of (>. C. Simi)son. In 1889,
]\lr. ('allister's brick dwelling was destroyed
by fire; since that misfortune, he has erected
a frame house at an exj)ense of more than
$:i,000, besides making other improvements.
!Mr. Callister is an active and progressive
man, both mentally and physically; he carries
on several branches of agricultural business in
a thorough and successful way, cultivating
grains, raising and dealing in stock, managing
a dairy, etc. The same diligence wdiich char-
acterized him as a boy at school and in his
modest beginnings of business, still continues
to ensure the success of his undertakings. All
his eiforts are well seconded by his faithful
and ethcient wife. IMr. Callister is a mem-
ber of the Grange. He is a Democrat; al-
though not siMicially desirous of office, he has
served as school commissioner of his hundred,
and as a mendjer of the election board. In
1804, he crossed the Atlantic on a pleasure
trip, visiting Liverpool, London, and other
places in England, besides points in AVales
and Ireland. Althfiugh so greatly occupied
v>'ith business, ^Ir. Callister has found time
to acquire much general information, and
maintains his interest in current topics.

Edward il. Callister was married in 18C)S, in
Cecil county, !Md., to j\Iary R., daughter of
John R. Lyman, farmer and stock raiser. She
was born in Xew]iort, Del. Their children
are: I. Calvin, at home; II. Annie R. (ilrs.
AVilliam Little, of ilill Creek hundred, Del.;
III. Lewis II., a student of theology, prepar-
ing for the ministry of the ^[. E. church at
Taylor's College, Indiana; IV. J. Leslie, at
home; A'^. AVarren Lee, at home; A'^I. Alice ;
A^II. John R.; YIU. David; IX. Adelaide;
X. Frank; XL and XII. Cora and Xora,

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340

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

twins, who died in their infancy'. ^Ir. Cidlid-
tt-r and Ins family are nienibei-s of the M. E.
elnireh.

CHARLES MECIGINSOX, P. 0. New
Castle, Del., son of Itieliard and ]\Iarv (Hodg-
son) ilegginson, w.is born in Searborongh,
Yorkshire, England, June 27, IS-ii.

liiehard ]\Iegginson was a native of the
same locality, born in 1800. After complet-
ing his school education, he studied civil en-
gineering, but not tinding that occupation
congenial, he abandoned it for farming, lie
spent his life in his native land, and died there
in ISSO. Five ycare after his death, his wife,
!Mary (Hodgson) Megginson, a native of tlu
same place as her husband, canio to this coun-
try, and joined her cliildren, residing in Xew
Castle county; she died in Christiana hundred
in 1889. The parents were both honored and
consistent members of the Church of Eng-
land. Their children were tweh'c in number;
AVilliam, and six othere, died in England;
liobcrt, Richard and Elizabeth died in this
country; the only survivors are John, a
fanner of White Clay Creek hundred, and
Charles.

His school days being ended, Charles ileg-
ginson assisted his father in the cultivation of
his farm until the young man had reached the
age of twenty. He then resolved to follow his
elder brother to America, in search of larger
opportunities. This was in lSiy2, during the
war of tlie Rebellion. He embarked at Liver-
pool, on the steamer Kangaroo, landed in
New York, and caine directly to New Castle
county, where his brother had settled. Here
he was empluycd for four years on the farm of
Bryan Jackson; for his labor during the first
year, he received $11 per month; during the
second year, $18.50 per month; and during
the last two years, $2.') per month. He then
went West, and worked for a year on a farm
in Jlorgan county, 111., after which he came
back to the Diamond Stiite, fi.xcd his residence
in New Castle hundred, and invested in a
threshing machine, which he ojierated imtil
18G9. Mr. ilegginson then rented a farm of
75 acres at Brandywine Springs, owned by C
J. Fell; here he spent two years, during
which time he did the teaming for the mill.
In 1S71, he began farming the 200-acre tract
of John Johns, in New Castle luindrcd, rais-
ing grain and stock, and conducting a dairy

business. He spent six yeai-s on that farm;
then two years on the Russell farm; and in
1880, he rented the Hollingsworth fann, ccjin-
prising 200 acres in New Ciistle hundred ;
he has cultivated the same place ever since,
carrying on all of the alK)ve-named branches
of business with the success merited by his
thorough and diligent methods of work. In
1890, ilr. ifegginson, who is a Republican,
was elected on the ticket of that party to the
office of road commissioner. That his election
was due to his personal popularity is evident
from the fact that he was the fii-st of his party
chosen for tliat position for thirty-one years,
and that no other of the same party has been
elected since. He also served one term as
school commissioner.

( harles ]\[egginson was married in Mill
Creek hundred in lbtJ9, to Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Jabez and Jane (Ward) P>anks, both
born in Yorkshire, England; ilr. Banks was a
farmer. !Mrs. ]\Iegginson was born in New
Castle. Their children are: I. Frank, a
farmer of New Castle hundred, married Jane
Blackburn; II. Robert, bookkeeper for the
AVilmington and New Castle Electric Rail-
way Co.; III. Annie; IV. Richard; V. Wil-
liam; VI. Edward; VII. Elmer; VIII. Bessie.
Two others, ^lary and Louisa, died in child-
liood. ilrs. Elizabeth ]\Iegginson died in
1880 on the farm, and was int^^n-ed in the
cemetery of the Episcopal church of Mill
Creek hundred, of whicli she was a memlter.
In 1888, ]\Ir. Megginson married ilary
(Shade) Stewart, born in Lancaster, Pa. ; her
father was a blacksmith. She was the widow
of Zachariah Stewart, of Wilmington. ]\Ir.
Megjiinson is a member of the !M. E. church.

JAMES B. TOilAN, New Castle, Del., son
of Bernard and Anna (Shearer) Toman, was
born in Philadeljdiia, Pa., January 12, 1857.

Bernard Toman was a native of County Ty-
rone, Ireland, was liberally educated, and emi-
grated to America in early manhood. He
was fond of horses, and skillful in managing
them; and he was employed in Philadelphia
as superintendent of Brown's livery stables.
Several years later, he went to New Orleans,
La., and was for five years engaged in the
saine business there; he then retuiiied to Phil-
adelphia, where he held a position similar to
his former one until 1857, when he removed
with his faniilv to (ihnicester, ]\lass. ]\Ir.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

541

Toiuiiii WHS a Democrat, and served liis party
actively and efficiently but sought no ofHce.
His man-iage took place in 'New Castle; his
wife, Anna (Shearer) Toman, was born iu
Dcrry, Ireland, and was a daughter of Wil-
liam Shearer, a well known citizen of New
Castle, a weaver, and for many years proprie-
tor of the ^Market Street Hotel in that city.
The ciiildren of Mr. and ill's. Toman are: I.
ifargarct, wife of James E. White, spinner iu
the woolen mill at New Castle; II. James H.
In June, 1857, as Mr. Toman was bathing on
the beach at Gloucester with his little daugh-
ter, he was seized with cramps, and was
drowned. His faithful dog tried to drag him
from the water, but in vain, Mr. Toman being
of heavy build. He had been noted as an ex-
pert swimmer, espeeiallj^ among his old ac-
quaintances in Philadelphia. His untimely
death was much regretted. He was buried at
Gloucester, ]\rass. Mr. Toman was a member
of the Tioman Catholic church.

ifre. Toman afterwards married Michael
Gallagher, a native of Galway, Ireland, where
he had taught school; at the time of their mar-
riage he had become a citizen of New Castle.
They had children: I. Andrew, proprietor of
the Starr Hotel, New Castle; II. Jtdni J., of
New Castle; III. Mary (.Xfrs. John vSchich-
ardt), of New Castle; IV. Sarah, wIkj died
young, and othere that died in infancy. ]\lrs.
Toman, afterwards Gallagher, nvith her fam-
ily, is a member of the Catholic church.

When but little more than five months old,
James B. Toman lost the care and i)rotection
of a father. At the early age of eight years,
he was put to work on the fiu'm near Downing-
town, Chester county. Pa., where he received
his board and a moderate supply of clothing.
For two years he worked on that farm in sum-
mer, and attended the public school for three
months in the winter. He then returned to
Xew Castle county, and for a short lime
worked on the "William Penn farm, for ]\[r.
Callinan, still paid only by his board and
clothing. He next worked for about two years
in ilill Creek hundred, and for the same
farmer in Prandywine hundred. During all
these engagements, he had opportunity for
only six months' attendance at the .'^cliouls of
Xew Castle. Later, ,Mr. Toman (»btaincd a
Ijosition in Shaw's cotton mills of Xew Castle,
beginning in the spinning department, where
he was advanced to be second hand; he was

afterwards transferred to the warping depart-
ment. He was for nine yeai-s employed in this
establishment, and left it to assume a position
in the dyeing department of Kn(jwles' woolen
mill; seven months later, he entered the grind-
ing and gauging de|)artnient of the !Morris-
Tasker iron works, where he spent three years.
IJy this time, by hard and persevering labor,,
and strict economy, Mr. Toman had saved a
sum of money sutKcient to give him an inde-
pendent start. In 1871), he undertook to build
the United States hotel, one of the finest in
Xew Castle, which he has conducted for eigh-
teen yeai-s; its first cost was $7,000. Some
time after, Mv. Toinan formed a partnership
with J. E. Toner, now of Xew York City;
they bought a property in Xew Castle, oil
which they erect<;d ten fine brick dwellings,
ilr. Toman also built a shoe store, a butcher
shop and a grocery store; he is owner of an in-
terest iu the grocery store. Ilis various invest-
nieiita in building amount to over $20,000.
In 1889, ]\Ir. Toman made a beginning in the
morocco business at Wilmington, but pru-
dently gave it up at the time of the panic. He
owns a farm of 157 acres in Peiicader hun-
dred, on which he has made many improve-
ments; he raises superior stock, and keeps a
considerable number of cows for dairy pur-
]X)ses. The industry, frugality and good judg-
ment which have characterized ilr. Toman's
Course from his unjirotected boyhood through-
out mature life, have not only secured his
prosperity, but won for him general respect.
He is a very able and versatile man of busi-
ness, capable of conducting at one time many
and various interests; his natural ability is
amply proved by his having accomplished so-
much, in spite of his early lack of opportuni-
ties for education.

A lifelong Democrat, Mr. Toman has al-
ways been more or less active iu political af-
fairs. At the desire of his political friends
he offered himself for nomination as sheriff in
189-4, but was defeated in the convention. In
189(i, however, the nomination was his, by a
unanimous vote; but this time he lost the elec-
tion by a small majority at the polls. From
ISS-l to 1888, he was a member of the city
council of Xew Castle. He wa^s elected trus-
tee of the Commons in 1891, receiving two-
thirds more votes than all the (jtbcr candidates.
He was one of the originators and promoters
of the county h(_)spital, of which he is a trus-

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542

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tee; is also a member of the New Caatle Fire
Company, and has been its ti'easurer since its
organization. Mr. Toman is always heartily
and actively interested in whatever tends to
the ini]irovement of the city or county oi New
Castle, and is ready and willing to assist witli
liis counsel or his means any scheme which his
judgment approves as being really beneticial.
He takes esjK'cial interest in any movement
which apj^eai-s to favor the laboring man.

James B. Toman was married in New Cas-
tle, July 5, 1871), to Jlary E., daughter of the
late Jeremiah Reedey, who was drowned in
Piiiladcl[)hia ia 1800. ifrs. Toinan is a native
of Philadelphia. Six of their children died
in infancy; those surviving are: I. Bessie; II.
Mary; III. James B., Jr.; IV. John J.; Y.
^Maggie; VI. Andrew. [Mrs. Toman is a lady
of kindly disposition and manner. All the
family are members of the Catholic church at
New Castle.

CEOKOE M. RILEY, New Castle, Del.,
son of Thomas and Bridget (Rafferty) Riley,
was born in County Caven, Ireland, August 5,
1S42.

Thomas Riley was a native of the same
county, where he received his education in tho
national schools, and learned weaving. In
1841, he emigrated to America, partly to im-
prove his f(jrtunes, and partly to escape Tory
rule; he sailed on the ship Saranac from Liv-
eqiool, and after a voyage of seven weeks,
lamled in Philadelphia. There, having found
employment at his trade, he spent the remain-
der of Jiis life. Mr. Riley served his ado])ted
country faithfully and well, not only giving
three sons for the defense of the Union, but
also enlisting himself, altiiough well advanced
in years, in the Si.\ty-ninth Pennsylvania
Volunteers; he was wounded at Lookout
[Mountain and at Gettysburg, and spent some
time in a hospital, ilr. Riley was a Demo-
crat by political instinct. His wife, Bridget
(Rafferty) Riley, was a native of the same
county in Ireland as himself; she came to this
country with her family in 1844, and joined
her husband in Philadelphia. They had the
following children: T. James, an employee of
the [Morris, Tasker Sz Co. iron works, Phila-
delphia, was a soldier in the war of the Re-
bellion; II. Thomas, deceased; III. Anna,
wife of Thomas [McKenna, who was a soldier
in the late war, both are deceased; IV. John,

a merchant in Philadelphia; V. and W. "Wil-
liam aiul Charles, both died young; \\\.
(jeorge [M. Mr. and [Mrs. Riley were mem-
bci-s of the ( 'atholic church. i?oth died in
I'hihidcli.hia, the fonnci' in J8T'.>, the hilter
in 1884.

At the age of only two years, George M.
Riley was brought by his mother to iVuu'rica.
lie was edm-itcd in the excellent jmblic
schools of Philadelphia, and learned the art
of gold and silver plating, at which he worked
for about six years. At the age of nineteen,
he enlisted in the U. S. [Marine Corps; he was
in service at Charleston, "\V;vshington, Brook-
lyn and Port Royal, and also in South Caro-
lina. He was wounded in the knee at the fii-st
battle of Bull Run, and was in the field hos-
pital for six weeks after. He was again
wounded at Charleston, S. C, by a shell, and
was taken from the field hospital to the marine
hospital at Philadelphia and Brooklyn. [Mr.
Riley was mustered (Jut at Pirooklyn, August
iS, ISfif). [Mr. Riley continued for about two
yeai-s to work at liis trade in Philadelphia,
after which he obtained employment in the
[Morris, Tasker it Co. iron works, in the same
city, as pipe and flute cutter. He remained
in that position until 1873, when the company
esablished works of the same nature in New
Castle. [Mr. Riley was one of the first of their
workmen to be transferred to this jilace. In
1800, being compelled to give up physical
labor on account of injuries received in mili-
tary service during the war, [Mr. Riley !)uilt
the hotel in Dobbinsville which he has ever
since satisfactorily and prosperously conduct-
ed; the first cost of the building was $4,000.
[Mr. Riley is Past Commander and trustee of
('apt. Evan S. Watson Post No. 5, G. A. R.,
of New Castle. He has always been a promi-
nent and energetic worker in the Democratic-
ranks. For sixteen years he was a member of
the board of education of New Castle, and on
account of his warm interest in educational
aifairs, was a very popular member. AVith
the same ardent interest he devoted himself
to municipal concerns as a member of the city
council. His jxisition in the community is one
of res]iect and influence.

George [M. Piiley was married in Philadel-
phia, in 1807, to Catherine, daughter of
Daniel and Jane (Barclay) [McKehloon; she
is a native of County Londonderry, Ireland.
Their children :ire: I. Elizalieth, wife of

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STATE OF VE LAW ARE

343

Jauies T. Weldon, employee at the Delaware
Irou Works, iS'ew Castle, Del., had three chil-
dren, of whom two died in infancy; II.
George M., Jr. Tliree of Mr. and Mrs. Kiley'a
children died very youn^r. I'hcy arc faithful
nicniljers of the Catholic church of JSew
Castle.

ifENRY II. MOOK, P. O. Farnhnrst,

Xew Castle county, Del., son of Abraham
and Nancy (Hopkins) ^loor, was born in
Little Creek hundred, Kent county, Del.,
June 8, 182G.

Abraham Moor was bom and educated in
Delaware, and in the same state carried on hia
lifelong business of farnjing. He cultivated
more than 500 acres of land in Little Creek
hundred, 19 acres of which were devoted to
peach culture. Mr. Moor was an "old line
Whig," and later voted with the Ivepublican
party. His fii-st marriage was with Susan Hop-
kins; they had the following children: I.
Ivohert, deceased; II. Ann (Wi-a. doab
Fox), of Little Creek hundred; III. Elizabeth
(]Mi-s. David rieasanton), of Little Creek hun-
dred. j\Irs. Susan ^loor died, and her remains
were interred in the family burying ground in
Little Creek hundred. Mr. Mow afterwards
married her sister, Nancy (Hopkins) Knnis,
widow of Samuel Ennis. Their children are:
I. James, retired, lives at Dover, Del.; II.
Abraham, resides at Leipsic, Del.; III. Henry
H. ; IV. Xancy L., widow of Timothy Carrow;
V. Samuel, deceased; VI. iMnily, deceased;
Xll. Joseph, retired from business, resides in
Dover, Del.; VIII. Charles, died young. Mrs.
Xancy iloor died Xovend)er 2'J, 1885, and
her remains repose in the family burying
j)lace. She was a member of the Presby-
terian church. Her children by her first mar-
riage with ]\Ir. I'^nnis were: I. I'liza Ann
(Mrs. Elihu Jeffereon), deceased; 11. Isahelle
(Mrs. Samuel Ilall), decea.sed; III. Susan
(Mi-s. John AV. Selby), of Philadelphia, de-
ceased. Abraham ]\Ioor died on the farm in
Little Creek hundred, and was interred in the
family burial ground.

Henry H. Moor attended the public schools
of Cowgill's Corners, after which he worked
on his father's farm until he reached the age
of twenty-two. He began to make his own
way in the world by hiring liimself out a-s a
farm laborer, which he continued to do for
eight yeai-s in Little Creek and Duck ( Jreek

hundreds. He received from eight to ten dol-
lai-s per month, with board. In 1854, he
rented a farm of 13;i acies in Duck Creek
hundred, and began fanning on his own ac-
co\int. This farm was at Paymond's Neck;
after cultivating it for a year, Mr. ]\[oor
rented a larger one, comprising 220 acres, in
the same hundred, and later, removed to Mur-
derkill hundred, whcrehe renteda tract of 300
acres; he carried on various branches of agri-
cultural business, including the raising of live
stock, as well as the cultivation of grain and
other ])roducts. From the last-named place,
^Ir. IMoor removed to his father's homestead,
which he rented and conducted for seventeea
Veal's. He then enlisted for nine months in
the Home Guards, Si.xth Delaware Volunteer
Infantry, Company F, Col. Jacob .Minn-e,
Capt. Joseph Snow, and served Avell and faith-
fully; he was principally employed in doing-
guard duty. Mr. iMoor has never solicited or
received a pension. In 1877, Mr. Moor re-
moved to Xew Castle county, where he culti-
vated the Taggart farm for one year, and af-
terwards rented a farm of 340 acres, owned
by Hon. Thomas ILjleomb, on which he has
ever since resided. Here he has added the
management of a dairy to his former agricul-
tural pursuits, and conducts his various lines
ot business with diligence, good judgment,
and consequent success, ilr. ^Moor and all his
sons are mendjcrs of the Pepublican party; he
is dee[)ly interested in the welfare of his coun-
try and of his native state, but seeks no politi-
cal "loaves and fishes" for himself.

In Little Creek hundred, on January 24,
1855, Henry 11. _Moor was married to Pachel
A., daughter of Levin Ennis, a cari)enter of
Little Creek hundred. Their children are: I.
Mary Elizabeth, at liome; II. Abraham, farm-
ing on the farm known as Cherry Hill in Xew
Castle hundred, married Margaret, daughter
of Jesse Sherwood; III. Samuel E., at home;
IV. Sallie P., at home; V. Lydia Xaudain, at
home; VI. Henry, farmer of Alount Cuba,
Del., married Jennie, daughter of Thomas
Slack, has children, i. ]\raud E., ii. Alice P.,
iii. Pachel ^A. 'J'lic family arc all mendiers
of the M. E. church.

JAMES T. ]\IOPPISOX, P. O., Xew Cas-
tle, Del., is a s,,ii uf Uubcrt and Isabella
(Wadslcy) MornMiu.

The Mon-ison family is of Scotch-Irish de-

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544

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

scent. The gveat-grtfndfather of James T.
Morrison was a native of Scotland, who settled
in Londonderry, Ireland, where liis son James
]\IoiTison, grandfather of James T. ]\Iorrisun,
uas born. Mr. James ^Morrison emigrated to
America and settled in Philadelphia, l*a.,
where he learned to roll iron; later he ob-
tained a situation in Baltimore, Md. lie af-
terwards removed to "Wilmington, Del., where
he was employed in Wood's Iron Poller Mills.
]le rolled the plates for the boiler of the first
steamer which plied on the Delaware, and also
nianii)ulated the steel from which the first
steel pens were manufactured. Abandoning
his trade, he engaged in teaming, hauling
goods from Baltimore to Philadelphia before
tlie establishment of railroads, lie afterwards
turned his attention to the cultivation of the
soil, purchasing Dr. Delany's fann in New
Castle hundred, and two years later removed
to a fann in Pencader hundred, where he re-
mained for some years. lie finally opened a
liotel at Hare's Corner, Del., where he re-
mained for nearly a quarter of a century. !Mr.
^Morrison was well known and respected in the
county; a member of the Democratic party,
but not an office seeker. lie was married in
AVilmington, Del., to Maria Criffin, of Phil-
adelphia, Pa. Their children are: I. Martha,
died in youth; II. Mary, widow of Jesse
James, of Mill creek hundred; III. John, died
in Chester, Pa.; IV. Thomas, deceased; V.
Ceorge, a farmer of New Castle Imndred; VI.
James, of Wilmington; VII. Pobert; VIH.
Henry, died in youth; IX. ]\laria, died in
3'outh. Mr. Morrison w;\s a member of the
Presbyterian church, always an active worker
and interested in the affairs of the congrega-
tion. He died at his home in Hare's Corner;
his wife died in 1888, both are buried in Bran-
dywinc cemetery.

Robert ^lorrison was born in Wilmington,
Del., November 27, 1830. He was educated
in the public schools of New Castle huiulred,
and remained at home until he was twenty,
when he began farming on his own account.
He spent one year on a farm near Hare's Cor-
ner, New Castle hundred; eighteen months
on the Glazier farm in the same hundred; six
years in Bed Liun hundred; one year in Cecil
county, ]\Id. ; one year in Kent county, Del.;
tiiree yeai-s in Mill Creek liundrcd. New
Castle county; two years in White ( 'lay Creek
hundred; and seventeen years ou llie Com-

mons farm in New Castle hundred. While at
the last named place he began building
bridges, and became a wharf and bridge con-
tractor; for the last twenty-five years he ha i
devoted all his attention to this business, work-
ing in his own and adjoining states. In 18U2
he removed to New Castle and purchased a
home; although quite deaf, he is still actively
engaged in business. Mr. Morrison's honesty
and business ability have won the respect and
confidence of the community. He was a
memlter of the Levy Court of New Castle
county, and also for many years, one of the
trustees of the Commons of New Castle, thus
using his business knowledge and experience
for the benefit of his fellow-citizens. lie is a
Democrat, ''dyed in the wool," and has al-
ways upheld the principles of his party, never
failing in what he considers his duty to it. He
is a member of the A. F. it A. M., St. John's
Lodge, New Castle, Del.

Pobert Morrison was married in 1853, in
New Castle hundred, to Isabella, daughter of
Pobert and Theresa (Bowman) Wadsley, a na-
tive of New Castle hundred. Their children
are: L James T.; II. Maria T. (Mrs. John
Megginson), of New Castle hundred; III. Al-
vin, president of the Delaware Construction
Company, Wilmington, Del.; IV. William,
a traveling salesman of St. Louis, Mo.; V.
ilary E., married John T. Stoop, prominent
hardware merchant of New Castle. Ih: Mor-
rison is a member of the Presbyterian church,
actively interested in Christian work.

James T. Morrison' attended the public
schools of New Castle hundred. He remained
at home, working with his father until he was
twenty-eight, when he rented the county
farm of 101 acres in New Castle hundred, and
opened a daiiy, carryhig his milk to Wilming-
ton. Three years later he rented one of the
Commons farms of 110 acres, where he con-
tiiuied his dairy and also raised grain. In
ISSft he removed to his present home on the
DuPont ]ilace, a farm of l.'^O acres, where he
raises grain and live stock in connection with
his dairy. !Mr. Jforrison is particularly inter-
ested in his stock, always keeps fine cattle, and
the best of cows. He finds a market for his
milk in New Castle, ^fr. ^IoitIsou is a pro-
gressive fanner, interested in all that pertains
to the improvement of his cattle, his dairy and
his farming. He i-; an intelligent citizen and
a firm supportt^r of the e<lacational interests

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STATE OF DELAWARE

345

of tlie coiiiniuiiity. lie is a member of the
Democratic party, and of the A. U. U. W., of
2\e\v Castle.

James T. Morrison was married in New
CastU', in 1882, to ilary E., daughter of John
Eckels, a farmer of Xew Castle hundred, and
a sister of John W. Kckuls, who was major of
the.Eirst Delaware Volunteer Infantr;\' during
the late war. Their children are: I. Eliza-
beth; II. Frank, died in youth; III. ]\Iary B.
ilr. James T. ilon-ison and his family are
members of the M. E. church.

HENRY STAFFOrvD, P. 0. Wilming-
ton, Del., son of John and Amanda (Boyd)
Stafford, was bom near Smyrna, Del., March
8, 1857.

John Stafford, a native of Marjdand, was of
English descent. In early manhood he came
to Kent county, Del., where he engaged in
fanning, milling and raising cattle. In 18G5
he remo\'ed to New Castle hundred, New Cas-
tle county, Del., and rented a farm from !Mr.
J. il. Clayton, where he spent the remainder
of his life in farming and raising cattle. ^Ir.
Stafford was a Whig in youth, but died a Re-
publican; he was actively interested in poli-
tics, but never sought office. lie was married
in Kent county, to Amanda Boyd, a native of
Philadelphia, Pa. Their children are: I.
Henry and II. William, dairy farmers in New
Castle hundred; III. Thomas, a farmer of
New Castle hundred. John Stafford's second
wife was Rachel, widow of Mr. Abraham
!Moore; she died in Wilmington, Del.; her
children were: I. Amanda, wife of William
Lewis, baggage master of the P. R. R. at
Chester, Pa.; II. Florence, died in youth.
John Stafford and both his wives were mem-
l)ers of the il. E. church; his firet wife died
in Leipsic, Kent county, in 18G1; he died in
1885, at his home in New Castle county, and
is buried in the cemetery of the Red Lion
^Methodist church.

ITenry Stafford was educated in the public
schools of Kent and New Castle cotmties. lie
learned farming and remained at home, work-
ing with his father, until he was twenty-three,
when he rented three himdred acres of the
B. S. Booth property near Hare's Comer,
New Castle county; here he fanned, raised
stock and can-ied on a dairy. Nine years after,
he rented the Lobdell farm, where he spriit
six years. This ])lace is now oi'i-upicil by a

Home for Aged ]\Ien. In 1894 he removed
to his present home, a farm of 300 acres at
Eden Park, Del., where he has established a
lai-ge dair}'; he is also engaged in teaming for
the Lobdell Car Wheel Company, Wilming-
ton, Del. Mr. Stafford is a genial, whole-
souled gentleman, interested in all that con-
cerns the welfari; of the community. He is a
member of Temple Lwlge No. 11, A. F. it
A. M., AVilmington, Del., of the A. O. U. W.,
and the I. 0. II., of Wilmington. He is a Re-
publican, an active worker, but not an otfice
seeker.

Henry Stafford w;is married in Newai-k,
Del., in 1880, to Laura, daughter of W. H.
Faulkner, a farmer of Newark, Del. She is a
native of Kent county, Del. ifr. Stafford is
a member of the M. E. church.

GILES LA:\IBS0N, p. O. Wilming-
ton, Del., son of (iiles and Catherine (Hainan)
Lambson, was bom at "Pleasant Point," the
homestead near Wilmington, January- HI
1833.

The Lambson family were among the
early settlers of New Jersey. Mr. Lambson's
grandfather, ]\Iooes Lambson, was bom in
Salem county, N. J., where he spent his whule
life, inheriting from his father the fann, on
which he died aged eighty-three years, leaving
a large estate. He married a daughter of
]^Iajor Giles, of Salem county, N. J.

Giles Lambson, Sr., born in Salem county,
N. J., receiving a liberal education, remained
on his father's fann until his man-iage with
Catharine, daughter of Edward Human, of
Salem county. ( 'rossing the Delaware he pur-
chased one hundred acres of the Stidham
fann, between AVilminglon and New Ca.stle on
the Delaware river, erecting thereon a hand-
some brick dwelling, where he resided until
his death in ISGO. Mr. Lambson was a suc-
cessful farmer, greatly improving and increas-
ing his property. He was actively interested
in local affaii-s, was a member of the I>evy
Court, and held various other minor offices.
He was a prominent Democrat and used his
influence for the success of his party. A genial
hospitable country gentleman of strict integ-
rity and upright manliness, he died lamented
by a large circle of friends, one of the wealthy
men of the county. Giles Lambson and his
wife were membei-s of the ^I. E. church.
Tlu'v are buried in the AVilminizton and RraTi-

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546

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

dywine ceiiieteiT, wliere a inoiiuiuent marks
their resting place. Besides his iioniostead, lie
left four large fertile farms. Eight children
survived him: I. !Marv, widow (if Sohimou
Townsend, of ( 'amdtn, Dei.; II. J\loscs, a
farmer of Kent county, ^Md., deceased; ill.
8arali, widow of .lanies ('rii)iien, a mcrcliant
of AVilniington, residing in I'iiiladelphia, I'a.;
IV. ( 'harles, a hiniiier merchant of New Cas-
tle, deceased, leaving a widow, one son, John
It., doing business in^Vilming•ton,and a daugii-
ter residing in New Castle; \. C!iles; VI.
John Iieed, a promising young hnvyer, gradu-
ated from Poughkeepsie law scliool in 1859.
He returned to Delaware and entered the law
office of the late lion. Thomas F. Hayard, was
admitted to the Delaware liar in 1802.
Wounded while serving in the Confederate
Army, he died while practicing liLs profession
in South Carolina; VII. William II., succeed-
ed his father in the possession of the home-
stead, living there until elected shenff of the
county. After discharging the duties of the
office lie purchased a home in New Castle, and
entered into the lumlier business in which he
was engaged until bis death, October 21, 1878,
leaving a widow and one son, Giles II., super-
intendent of the U. S. Fisheries in Northern
Califoniia, and three daughters all residing
in California; VIII. Eliza, youngest child,
married Thomas Nelson Fraiser, an architect
of Philadelphia, residing in that city.

Ciiles Lambson, third son of Giles and Cath-
erine (Ilamon) Lambson, graduated from the
Charlottesville, iST. Y., Academy in 1854, af-
ter which he engaged in farming until ISOG,
when he removed to New Castle to engage in
the lumber business. lie is an active Demo-
crat, and in 18TS was elected to represent New
Ciistle hundred in the Legislature. He was
elected a member of the New Cixstle City
Council on the incoqioration of that city, serv-
ing one tenu. In lS8ti he was elected sheriif
of New Castle county, and at the expiration
of his term, returned to the old 'homestead,
where he now resides.

Giles Lambson, 2, married, in 18GG, Kate
Charlcton, daughter of the late Col. Jolm
Oakford, of Philadelphia. Ilieir children are:
I. John Oakford; II. Bertha Annytage; III.
llatilda Prudence. One son, ( 'liarlcs How-
ard, died in infancy.

JAMES WILSON, P. O. New Castle,
New Castle county. Deb, son of Peter and

ilary Eliza (Leager) AVilson, was born in Lit-
tle Creek hundretl, Kent county, Deb, Octo-
ber 10, 1852.

Peter A\'ilson, farmer and fruit grower, was
of Scotch descent. lie was horn Jaiiu;U'y .'!,
18()i», near Denton, ('arolinc cuuiity, .Md.,
\vdiei'e he grew u|i on the farm. When he
reached niaidiood he removed to Little Creek
hundred, Kent county. Deb, and thirty-two
yeai-s later to a farm of lUO acres situated
near Clayton, Deb, where he turned his atten-
tion to raising grain and fruit. He improved
this pmpcrty, and became a fruit cidtivator on
a large scale. In his youth, !Mr. Wilson was a
Whig, but he aft(M'war(ls became a stanch
supporter of the Democratic party, and al-
though he never desired office, was always
actively intei-csted in jjarty affairs. He was
appointed ta.\-collector of Kenton hundred,
and gave universal satisfaction; his duties to
both the hundred and the ta.x paj'ers were so
faithfully discdiarged that he was obliged to
take $2,000 from his own pocket to make up
for delin(|uents. ^Ir. Wilson's fii-st wife was
Deborah Swiggett, a native of Kent county,
Del. They had seven children, all of wIkjui
are dead: 'l. Henrv; II. -Mary; III. Elisha;
IV. Emily; Y. William; YI. Deborah; YII.
an infant \mnamed. !Mrs. Wilson died in Lit-
tle Creek hundred, and is buried in the
Friends' burying ground. ^Ir. Wilson's sec-
ond wife was ^Mary Eliza Leager, a native of
Kent county, Del. They had five children:
I. James;II. John, died in infancy; III. John,
farmer of Clayton, Kent county, Deb; lY.
Thomas, residing in Smyrna, Del.; Y. Charles,
died in youth, ilrs. (Leager) Wilson died in
Kent county, and is buried in the Fnends'
burying ground. Mr'. Wilson's third wife was
Patience (^I inner) Woodall, widow of Henry
Woodall; their two children died in infancy.
^Ir. Peter Wilson was well educated, intelli-
gent and honoralile. He was of a Quaker fam-
ily. He died at his home near Clayton, Deb,
April 10, l^.s;j, and was imried in Hrin ZUm
Baptist eemcterv near Kenton, Kent count}^
Del.

James Wilson was educated in the public
schools of Little Creek and Kenton hundreds,
Kent county. DiL, and remained at bouje,
woi-Jxing with his father on the farm until be
A\-as twenty-two, when lie began farming on
his own account. He spent three yeai-^ on the
B(Mijamin Carmen farm of 112 acres in Black-
i)ird hundred, New Castle county; one year

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STATE OF DELAWARE

549

on tlie !Mitcliell farm of 1(35 acres in Appo-
quinimink hundred; one year on the Kolierts
farm of ;5UU ac'res in the same hundred; three
\L-i'.vA on tlie Cleaver fann of 240 acres in St.
Cieorge's hundred; two years on a farm of 400
acres in Cecil county, Md., raising grain ]n-in-
cipally; seven ycai-s on Jacob P. Dixim's farm
of ISO^icres in Kenton hundred, Kent cunu-
ty, raising grain, fruit and live stock, and
three years on the Sergeant farm of ISO acres,
raising grain. In 18i)4 Mr. Wilson remove<l
to the old ^IcAVilliams farm of 300 acrc« in
jS'ew Castle hundred, where he raisers grain
and can-ies on a large daii-y, having more than
thirty tine Ilolstein cows. lie is very succes-
ful, and linds a market for the products of liis
farm and dairy in Wilmington, Del. The
house in wliich he resides is a Revolutionary
relic, having been built in 177C. Jlr. Wilson
is a Democrat; he is interested in local affairs
and in the cause of education. lie was a
niemlicr of the 81iicld of Honor of Clayton,
Del., was at one time chaplain and passed
through all the chairs.

James AVilson was married in Blackbird
hundred, Xew Castle county, -March G, 1S7G,
to JIary A., daughter of John Prior, of Plack-
iiird hundred. Their children are: I. Dora,
died in youth; II. William P., salesman at
John \\'ananiaker's, Philadelphia; III. John
P., at home. ^Ir. James Wilson and his fam-
ily are mcndjers of the M. E. clun-(di. ^[r.
\\'ilson is a teacher in the Sunday-school.

RICHARD ]\IALONEY, P. O. New Cas-
tle, Del., s(>n of John and Emily B. (Powell)
!^^aloney, was born near Dublin, Ireland,
]\Iarch 23, 1842.

John JIaloncy was bom near Dublin, Ire-
land, where he was engaged in farming until
the famine of 1847 overwhelmed his unfor-
ttmate country. Thousands perished by star-
vation, and thousands more, unable to bear
the distress aj-ising from the oppression of
English rule and the potato Itlight, fled for
refuge to Australia and America. John ila-
loiiey and numbei-s of his countrymen, about
eight hundred families in all, left Liverpool
in the sailing vessel fiilas Greenman, and
crossing the wide Atlantic, sought jjrotectiou
under the "Stars and Strifies." A tedious
voyage of eight, weeks brought him to New
York harbor, whence he proceeded with his
family to Philadelphia, Pa., and one year later
31

removed to the farm of Ccorge ilcCrone in
New Castle hundred, New Castle (tounty,
Del., where he spent the remainder of his life.
John -.Maloney was married in Ireland, to
luuily l>. Powell, a native of Ireland, who
came with him to America. Their children
are: 1. Thomas, a hardwaiv merchant, residing
at Townsend, Del.; 11. Richard; III. Daniel
B., hunber merchant, builder and contractor;
IV. ^lary A., died in youth; V. Helen, died
in infancy; VI. Agnes, who died on the voy-
age to America. jM:*. John ilaloney was a
scholar, and possessed great energy and abil-
ity; he died at his home in New Castle hun-
dred in 1850, and is buried in St. Peter's ceme-
tery, New Castle. After her husband's death,
^^li-s. Maloncy was maiTied to llichael Den-
ning, a native of Londondeny, Ireland, who
died in Pencader hundred. New Castle county.
Their children are: James AV., a farmer in
New Castle hundred; II. Emma C. (AIis.
Charles AV right), deceased; III. Louisa (Mrs.
Daniel B. !McGovcni), Chester countv. Pa.;
IV. Ella C. (-Airs. J. AV. McC\dl), deceased.
^Irs. Denning spends her time among herchil-
dred and grandchildren, thorougbly enjdving
her home in the "land of freedom," and wear-
ing lightly the burden of eighty-two years.

Richard ]\Ialoney was seven years old when
the family came to America. Eor two years
he attended the schools of New Ca.stle county,
and at hi-^ father's death, which occui-red when
he was nine years old, he went to live with
!Mr. Cantwell Clark, with whom he remained
three years, working C)n the farm, and receiv-
ing his board and clothing. He afterwards
worked on the same terms for three years on
the farm of ^leiritt II. Paxton. AVhen he was
fifteen, he hired as farm laborer to II. II. ilc-
ilullin, in New Castle hundred, receiving
board and $ti.00 per month. In 1804 he
rented the AVilliam AV. Stewart fann of 200
acres near Glasgow, Pencader hundred. One
year afterwards, a severe attack of rheuma-
tism obliging him to relinquish farm work, he
removed to New Castle and opened a grocery
store, in whi(di he was fairly successful. Two
years later he removed to Red Lion, Del.,
where for fifteen years lio kept the Red Lion,
a hotel iiuted in all the country around for its
good cheer and genial hospitality and conspic-
uous for its flaming sign, the traditional red
lion. I'esides managing the hotel, he opened
a store and built up a good l)usine.-s. In 1885

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350

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ilr. ]\I;Joney gave up the liott-l and I'eturned
to country life, renling the Henry ^1. Silver
farm uf KiO acres in Now Castle Innulred,
\\luTc lie raised grain and live stock. In 1895
.Mr. Malouey removed to his present home on
llie ,). I). Kelly farm, a place of 1J3 acres iu
A'ew Castle hundred, now known as the Centre
, farm. Besides raising grain and live stock,
in which he is very successful, he devotes
much of his time to market gardening, and
twice a week attends the farmer's curlistono
market at Wilmington, Del. ]\Ir. Maloney 's
active in pulitical circles, and is a stanch sup-
porter of the Democratic party. In IS 77 he
was elected assessor of New Castle hundred,
and held the office for four yeai's; he was also
appointed register of votei-s for one term. Mr.
!Maloney has always been interested in educa-
tional affairs, and was clerk of the hoar<l of
school commissioners for nine yeare.

Iiichard ilaloney was married iu 1864, to
Elizabeth, daughter of .Michael Denning.
Their children are: I. ^lary A., died aged
five years; II. John, a graduate of Goldey's
Business College, Wilmington, Del., tele-
grapli operator and station agent of the L. I.
K. \l., at Arverne, N. Y. ; III. Elizabeth,
dressmaker, at home; IV. Daniel 13., a black-
smith at Ixed Lion, married Jennie Arm-
strong, of New Castle hundred; V. Erank A.,
on the homestead; VI. Anna, at home; VII.
Ida, at home; VIII. Kichard, died iu infancy;
IX. Bichard (2), drowned in Christiana
Creek, Del, June 10, 1897; X. Grover Cleve-
land, ilr. ]\Ialoney is liiglily esteemed in the
community; he and his family are members
of the Boman Catholic church, and attend St.
Bcter's church. New Castle.

CIIABLKS P. BONNET, No. 1001 W.
Eighth St., Wilmington, Del., son of Jona-
than and Elizabeth P. (Drew) Bonuey, was
bom in Wilmington, Del., January 17, 183G.

The Bonney family is of French descent.
Some of its members came to America in the
Mai//loirer, exchanging the sunny fields of
France for freedom on the stern New Eu'^land
coast, whert' many brancdies of the fannly are
still living. Jonathan Bonney was born in
Massachusetts, where he learned mo\dding.
After his marriage, he removed to ^faryland,
and estalilishcd a foundry for machine cast-
ings near P)altiniore, where he r(iiiained for
several years. In 1830, lie renni\fd to Wil-

mington, Del., and in c(jmpany with Charles
P)Ush established a foundry on the coi-ner uf
Second and Lombard Sts. jVmong his ap-
])rentices was his nephew, the late (i. Lobdell,
who organized the Lobdell Car AVheel Works,
at AVilmington. The Uonne}- A: Bush Com-
|iany was ihr lirst to makcwheel castings, thus
introducing an industry which has grown in
projjoiliuii to the increasing demand for such
work, and has tiffercd emjiloyment for many
operatives. ^Ir. Jionney began life a poor boy ;
by })erseverance and industry he won for him-
self a prominent position. Always npnglit
and conscientious in business, he was justly
honored and respected in the coniinunity. II;;
was a Whig, but never sought office. Jona-
than Bonney was married in Ivingston, ilass.,
to Elizabetii P., daughter of Stephen Nye
Drew, a shipbuilder of Kingston, where his
daughter was born. They have ten children,
five of whom died in infancy. Tlie remain-
ing five are: I. William, deceased; II. ilaria,
married Kobert P. Ciillingham, both deceased;
III. Joseph T., in the army, resides in Boches-
ter, N. Y.; IV. Charles P.'; V. James P., died
in 1805. !Mr. Bonney died at his home in
AVilmington, Del., and is now bui'icd in Bran-
dywine cemetery, whither his body was re-
moved from its fii-st resting place in the ceme-
tery of the First Baptist church, AVilmington,
Del. His widow died in 1871, at the home
of their son, Charles Bonney, and is buried in
the same cemetery.

Charles P. Bonney attended tlie subscrip-
tion schools of AVilmington, and for a short
time the public schools of Philadelphia, Pa.
At the age (if sixteen, he entered the employ
of the Harlan & Ilollingsworth Company,
shipbuilders, at AVilmington, imt t\V(j years
after, being disabled i)y an injury iu the clie>t,
he was obliged to abandon his trade and rctiie
to the cduntry to recuperate. ^luch of his
time was spent with his cousin, George G. Lob-
dell. He eidisted in defense of "Old Glory,"
August 1, 18(il, in Company C, Fii-st Penn-
sylvania lie>erves. Col. Boberts, ('apt. Dyer,
and was assigned to the army of the Potomac.
He to(d< jiart in the Seven-Days' Battle of the
Peninsula, (iettv.sburg, the liattle of the AVil-
derness, Spottsylvania, and other engagements
nndiM- Genci-al Grant. In ISOo, he was nuiil(!
a sergeant, his ]ir(un<>tiiin being the reward of
bra\cry shuwn at tlie Hull Bun Bridge. At
Sputtsylvania he had a sunstroke, from the ef-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

551

fects of which he was coufineJ, for some time,
to tlie hospital in Washington, J). (J., and af-
terwards in Philadelphia, Pa. lie was mus-
tered out in 1SG4, re-enlisted in the same
regiment, was transferred to the One Hundred
and Sixty-lirst Pennsylvania Volunteers, and
was again mustered out in J\Iareh, ISOT), hav-
ing served in defense of his country three
years and seven months. Always faithful in
the diseliarge of duty, he was an exemplary
soldier; placing his trust in the God of hat-
ties, he was always fiiin and calm in the midst
of danger. Ilis genial manner made liim a
favorite with his comrades. At the close of
the war he entered the employ of the Lobdell
Car Wheel Company as shipping clerk, and
from that position has risen to be overseer of
the transportation department, filling the of-
fice with characteristic faithfulnes^. Since
1S82 he has held the same position in the
company's new plant in Xew Castle liundred,
Xew Castle county, Del. ilr. Bouncy is high-
ly estemed for his iutejjrity and business abil-
ity. Ho was a mendier of the G. A. li., and
of the Sons of Temperance. He is a Repub-
lican, is liberal in las atcws and has never
sought political prefemient. !Mr. Bonney has
never applied for a pension, believing that
only those who were disabled either in the dis-
charge of their duty or by causes resulting
from such ser\'ice are entitled to compensa-
tion from the government. He also thinks
that such comrades should be given an amount
sufficient to enable them to pass the remain-
der of their life free from care; a reward rich-
ly merited by their gallant defense of the
Union.

Charles P. Bonney was married in 186G, in
"Wilmington, Del., to Lucy Y., daughter of
"William and ilary (White) Kice, who was
born in Wilnungton. Her father was a far-
mer and (lied at his home in Wilmington.
Their children are: I. Maria, at home; 11.
William, died in youtli; HI. Charles, a
moulder at the Lobdell Works, married Nellie
Starr, has four children, two dead, and two,
Charles P., Jr., and Harold, living; IV. Helen
P., at home. Mr. Charles P. Bonney and his
family are members of the Second Baptist
church.

HOB.'VCE BLTRB, M. D., Wilmington,
New Castle county, Del., son of Noah Platts

and Rebecca (Pidklcy) Burr, was horn at
lladdam. Conn., December 13, 1S17.

Noah Platts Burr was a lineal descendant,
in the si.xth generation, of Benjamin PnuT,
one of the proprietors and settlei-s of Hartford,
Conn., which was founded in 1G35. The
Buri-s were a sturdy race, independent in
thought and action, brave and ])atriotic. ilr.
l!nn-'s grandfather and .si.x great uncles shared
the hardships of the Continental army during
tiie long struggle for freedom. All lived to
enjoy the fruits except Steidien Bun-, the
yomigest of the number, wdio was lost in the
southern campaign, ilr. Burr relates a char-
acteristic anecdcjte of his gTeat-grandparents,
which he heard in his boyhood from the lips
of an aged lady.

"In those days," he says "men's as well as
women's clothing was made by women who
went from house to house remaining in each
])lace until the family supply of winter gar-
ments was complete. Great-grandfather Burr
had set his foot down firndy against the use of
tea in his home, but great-grandmother, hav-
ing saved a goodly supply of the fragrant
lierb, and being very fond of the bev-
erage, decided that when the tailoress
should make her usiuil visit, they would
take their tea and shortcake eai-ly in
the afternoon, when the old gentleman was
accustomed to attend to his live stock. One
day, when the coals had been drawn out on
the hearth, and the tea was steeping, gn'cat-
grandfather's foot was heard at the door.
"While great-grandmother deftly slijiped the
shortcake into the drawer of the table, Becca
expanded her ample petticoat and squatted
down on the hearth over the teapot on the
coals, putting her tailor's goose near the fire
as if intent upon heating it. The old gentle-
man, who was unusually talkative that day,
showed no disposition to umkc a short visit,
aiul began telling stories to amuse them.
]\reanwhile the tea was boiling and steamimr,
but the tailoress, although she was having a
first class vapor bath, was determined not to
let the cat out of the bag, or rather, the steam
out of her petticoats. Once great-grandfather
]iaused in his tale, saying: 'Becca, yoiir goose
is a great while heating,' but she merely
touched it with her wet finger, remarking, 'It
docs not hiss right.' At last he was obliged to
go to fodder the cattle, and the two friends
heartily enjoyed the long delayed feast, al-

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552

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

though the tea \v;us somewhat ovenlrawii.
Great-gTaiidfather, who never suspected tlieiii,
was greatly surprised that Becea had so poor
an ajjpetite for the regidiU" sui)per, and teas-
ingly rouuirkcd that t^he must bo lovesick."

^Ir. Burr's nuiternal ancestors were of Eng-
lish descent. Ilis mother, Kebccca Bulkeley,
was one of the sixth gcneratiim in direct de-
'scent from the IJev. Peter Bulkeley, D. 1).,
Iiector of Odell, in the county of Bedford,
England, where he had succeeded his father.
Dr. Edward Bulkeley, who wa.s both rector of
Odell and prebendaiy of Litclifield, England.
The ]?cv. I'eter Bulkeley was a nonconform-
ist, and having been silenced by Archbishop
Laud, sold his large estate, emigrated to Amer-
ica, joined an association to purcluuse land
from the Indians, and became one of the
foundere of Concord, Mass. 'J'he Bulkeley
family was of noble blood, and was prominent
in England as early as the eleventh century.
In Xew England, the Emersons, Prescotts and
many other prominent literary families trace
tlieir descent to the Pev. Peter Bidkeley.
This family also furnished nuiny a brave sol-
dier to the Continental army. One of them,
Joel Bulkeley, great-uncle of !Mr. Burr, was
an excellent marksman ajid served as a sharp-
shooter; he \ised to say that the only act of
the war which caused him lasting regret, was
picking off a fine-looking British officer.

jSToah Platts Burr, father of Ibirace Burr,
was a farmer, and owned extensive tracts of
timber land from wdiicli he furnished all kinds
of luml>er to the thriving shipyards along the
Connecticut River. lie was, however, an en-
thusiastic husbandman and considered farm-
ing as by far the most useful and profitable
business to whi(di any one coidd devote bis
energies. Xoah P. lUirr was married to lu>-
becca ]5ulkeley, of Saybrook, Conn. Their
children are: I. .Tared; 11. Horace; III.
Sarah Elizabeth; IV. Xoah; V. P.ebecca; VI.
James; VI [. Edward.

Horace Burr attended the schools of his
native county for a short time. His father
carcfidly considered the fut\u-e of his sons, de-
cided that as his eldi-r son, Jared P.urr, who
had a delicate constitution and defective sight,
would be physically unable to bear active life,
he should receive an education and fit himself
for one of the learned professions, while Hor-
ace sho\dd be a farmer and succeed him in the
care of the paternal acres. This dec'ision

was irrevocable; the elder lad received every
advantage, while to Horace was allotted only
the three J{'s aud very little of them, as he
was kept continually at work with his father,
that he miglit become an expert farmer and
teamster. Country life, however, had no at-
tractions for Horace, whose active mind
craved knowledge. Having inherited a full
share of the detennined spirit which charac-
terized the family, he decided to obtain for
himself what his father had denied. At four-
teen he had cunciuereil Daboll's Arithmetic,
having committed the rules and worked out
every exanii)le without receiving assistance
from any one. Then helping himself to his
brother's grammar, he used it so diligently
that the teacher, after examination, placed
him in a class for analysis and pai-sing. Hor-
ace next procured a geography, and although
he had not time to recite with the class, he
made himself thoroughly familiar with the
mai>s and the general description of the coun-
tries. The want of books was a great obstaide
to his progress; but in the following summer
he was employed for a time in an oakum fac-
tory, and with the money thus obtained, he
inirchascd mathematical books and instru-
ments.

During a part of his seventeenth and eigh-
teenth summers ilr. Burr was employed in
the extensive quarries near Haddam. Here
the gneiss, feldspar and red sandstone proved
a rich field for geological and mineralogical
research. In the winter months of lS3-t and
1835, ]\[r. Burr taught in a school in Had-
dam. During all this time his father was en-
tirely ignorant of his desires and jilans, for the
young student was careful to be at home
whenever his assistance was required, and lo
work faithfully at harvesting and haymak-
ing. His mother, however, was his confidant,
and from her he received both sympathy and
encouragement. When he was nineteen,
by his nu)ther's advice, he decided to speak
])laiuly with his father. He had then saved
about three hundred dollars, ilr. Horace
BuiT, therefore, told his father that he could
not walk in the path marked out for him, that,
he was determined to carry forward his edu-
cation, and that in order to do this successfully
he must secure a ])osition in which he could
teaidi the whole year and have leisure for
study; therefore he had decided to start for
New Jersey on the following day. In vain

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J ,'.,l,„.,l,

STATE OF DE LAW A BE

553

Lis fatlior argued and pcri-uaded, ])roinisiiig
liiiu a farm and all possible assistance if lie
AVonld relinquish his plan. Horace was reso-
lute, and his father finally told him to take
M'hat he had earned away from tlic farm, lint
to look for nothing' more from the estate.

Tui-siiing- the plan u]K)n which he had de-
cided, ^Ir. l]\irr secured a subscripfictn sclioul
in tiie suburbs of Trenton, IST. J., where he
spent a very pleasant year, and made good
progress in study. Keturning homo, he found
his father much softened towards him, but
as no assistance was offered, he again left home
and traveled as far south as Richmond, Va.,
seeking a suitable position. Finding that it
■was too late to hope for an engagement that
season, ^fr. Burr turned homeward, but while
stopping at Xew Castle, Del., whence he ex-
pected to take the boat for Philadel])hia, Pa.,
he became acquainted \nth the principal of the
Xew Castle Academy, wdio pei-suaded him to
remain in Delaware, and secured for him a po-
sition in the public school at IJed Lion. The
next year, ]\rr. Eurr took charge of a large
scho<>l near Wilmington, Del., and began
reading medicine with Dr. Samuel lliggins,
of Wilmington. The following autumn he
had made arrangements to continue his medi-
cal course in Philadelphia, Pa., when all his
])lans were suddenly changed. Returning
home for a visit, he found that his elder
brother, who had abandoned the idea nf a
professional life and devoted himself to Imsi-
iicss, had just completed a new store and
would start in a day or two for Xew York
City to purchase goods. On his way to the
boat ^Ir. Jared Burr Avas waylaid, robbed and
murdered. Ovenvhelmed by the loss of their
elder son, Ifr. Burr's i)arent3 liegged him to
remain at home for the winter, pni-sue his
studies in Tladilam, and jirepare to enter the
medical dejiartment of Yale College in the
ensuing autumn, his father promising hin\
all needed assistance. lie gladly acceded to
their wishes, and was under an excellent pre-
ceptor in his native place until he was en-
tered as a private pupil under Professor Wil-
liam Ttdly, at the same time attending the
regular lectures. Dr. Tully was an enthusias-
tic scientist, and a close friendship was soon
fonued between pupil and teacher that was to
last as long as life itself.

]\ri-. Burr graduated from Yale College in
the class of 1842, and immediately began the

])ractice of his profession in the southern half
of iliddlesex county, Conn. He was too suc-
cessful for his health, and in his twenty-eighth
j-ear, when worn out by hard work, he was
attacked by scaidet fever. His friend, Dr.
Tidly, left his business, and for two wei>ks
watched day and night at his bedside. Dr.
Ihirr had intended to sjieiid two yeai-s in the
medical schools of Kurope, and then to open
an office in X^ew York City, but as the fever
had left him pai-tially paralyzed on the left
side and a constant sutferer fr<jm neuralgia,
he decided to remain at Westbrook. Kesunx-
ing his practice he again overtaxed his
strength, and one year after his marriage, was
prostrated l)y typhoid fever. Again his de-
voted friend left all to watch over him until
he was out of danger. After his recovery, Dr.
15urr, while still unable to resume his prac-
tice, was elected to the state legislature. Find-
ing that his large jiractice was too great a
tax upon his strength, he secured the assist-
ance of a young physician, and was finally
|>ersuaded to become a partner in a publish-
ing house. The company speculated, and
failed; its failure swept away eveiy cent of
Dr. Burr's earnings. Besuming his practice,
which extended over the larger part of three
counties, he soon found that his strength was
inadequate to the demand, and at the end of
fotirteen years, having tried in vain to curtail
his business, he found that he nnist have a
change or die. After considering vaiious
sections of the country, his love for Delaware
])revailed and in ISO?, he purchased his pres-
ent home near Wilmington. The change
jiroved very beneficial, and Dr. Burr soon be-
gan to practice in Wilmington. Ue is now in
his eighty-second year, and is .still actively en-
gaged in the large practice which he has built
tip by thirty years of skilful profes^-ional
labor.

Tn his devotion to science. Dr. Bun- has not
neglected literature. He is eminent as a lin-
guist and has made a valuable collection of
Furoi)ean classics which he has beciueathed
by will to Triiuty Cidlege, Hartford, ( 'ouu.
AVhen a youth of fourteen, T)r. Burr, having
read and re-read the life and woi'ks of Thomas
Jefferson, became so induied with the doc-
trines of that statesman that these early iui-
jire.ssions have Colored his whole political life.

On his thirtieth birthday, December B3,
1M4 7, Horace Burr was married to Louise X'^.,

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554

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPIWIA

(laiipliter of Joseph E. iruiigerforil, of East
Iladdaiu, IVinii., and niece and heiress of AN'il-
liaia Ilungerford, of IIartf<ird, Conn., one of
the most prominent huvyci-s of New Enf;-hintl,
rivalling even Daniel AN'ebstcr himself. Tluir
children are: I. Ellen J.ouise, widow of -lu-
sejih 'I'atnall, lias two cliildrcn, i. Horace .lo-
sepli, ii. Louisa Iliingerford; 11. Anna Eli/a-
licth, died aged ten yeai-s; 111. !Marv Sophia;
IX. Lilian Emeline, married John, son of e.K-
Governor Ponder, of [Milton, Del., has live
children, i. Annie Louise, ii. James, iii. Wil-
liam Ilungerford, iv. Lilian Purr, v. Sarah
Elizabeth; V. Clara Amelia; VL William
Ilnngerford Burr, M. D., of Phihidel])hia,
Pa.; VI!. Alice Spencer (ilrs. John W. Shep-
ard), of Brooklyn, N. Y., has one child, Fred-
erick Burr; Vl'll. Eliza Hooker (]\Irs. Alfred
Jones), of Wilmington, Del., has one son,
Paymond Burr. Dr. Burr is a member of the
Protestant Episcopal church. In his native
state he was several times a delegate to the
Diocesan Convention, and since his remo\'al
to Delaware he has been one of the vestrymen
of Trinity parish, and for the greater part of
the lime, has been senior warden. For twen-
ty-eight yeai-s he has been deputy of the Dio-
cesan Convention; for twenty years a member
of the standing committee, and with the exct'li-
tion of one year, a delegate since 18S0 to the
Triennial Convention of the Episcopal clnu'ch
in the United States. Louisa Ilungerford
Burr died in 1896 and in ISOS Dr. Buit mar-
ried Miss Mary Moore, of New Castle, Del.

Dr. Burr was examiner for tlie state of Con-
necticut of the graduating classes iii medicine
in Yale College for 18G1 and 1SG2 and de-
livered the address to the graduating class in
18G3. He has written on sijcial and scientific
subjects, various articles which have been
printed in the jiress or separately, has translat-
ed the records of the Swedish church in Dela-
ware, published by the LJelaware Historical
Society, 772 pp. O. Also for the Penn-
sylvania Historical Society the records of the
Swedish churches in New Jersey and other
manuscript documents. He has also translav-
cd the History of the Swedish settlements on
the Delaware published in Stockludm in IS'.U,
in Swedish, German and Latin and has writ-
ten a histoi-y of Trinity church from the settle-
ment of the Swedes to this day. Since the
foregoing was \vritt(/n, Dr. Burr died .lanuarv
10, ISOil.

:\IcKEXL)KLE DOAYNHA^M, .Middle-
town, New Castle county, Del., son of Puv.
John and ^Martha (Onins) Dowidiam, was
born near Dover, Del., December 12, IS-li).

^\v. Downham's paternal grandfather, Jo-
seph G. Downham, farmer, was born Febru-
ary 17, 17s.) 1, and was married to Anne Bailey,
who was bfjrn June 20, 17!li). Mv. Downham
and his wife were members of the M. K.
clim-ch. He died February 1(J, IbGl; his
widow died June 21, 187G. Mr. Downham's
maternal grandfather, David Onins, born
March 24, 1783, was captain of an ocean ves-
sel, and was afterwards engaged in farming.
He was nuirried to ]\Iartha Memck, who was
born October 23, 170G. ]\Ir. Onins died Feb-
riuay 14, 1S4G; his wife died ^lay 17, 1845.
'J'he Kev. John Downham, a preacher of
the il. E. church, was born in Kent county,
Del., May 11, 1823, son of Joseph G. and
Anne (Biiilcy) Downham. Besides attending
faithfully to his ecclesiastical labors, he owned
and cultivitted a farm. lie was a Kepublican,
interested in all the affairs of his native coun-
ty. John Downham was married to [Martha
Onins, also a native of Kent county, Del.,
born December 13, 1827. Their children are:
I. [ifcKendree; II. Anna Louisa ([Mrs. John
A. [McColley), of Jeffersonville, Ind., died in
1888; III. Hannah Onins (Mrs. AVilliam L.
Davis), of Delaware; IV. Martha Emma, died
aged sixteen; V. Kate (Mrs. C. T. Downs),
of Delaware; VI. Pose (ili-s. Thonuis [^L
Joseph), Los Angeles, Cal.; VII. Maiy Grant
CMk. E. II. Barmore), of Los Angeles, Cal.;
VIII. Clara (]Mrs. E. S. ]\Iuir), of Indianapo-
lis, Ind. The Pev. John Downham died Feb-
ruary 2, 1882; his widow resides in Los An-
geles, Cal. ; =he is a member of the [M. E.
church.

[McKendree Downham, eldest cliild of Pev.
John and [Martha (Onins) Downham, attend-
ed [Milfurd Classical Academy and Felton
Seminary, completing his scholastic coui-se at
Dover Conference Academy. After teaching
for some time in different schools in the coun-
ty, [Mr. Downham was elected principal of the
high school at Seaford, Del. He afterwards
accepted the principalship of the Georgetown
Academy, Georgetown, Del. At the end of
ten years of efficient management he resigne.l
this ])osition to become the editor of the Sus-
sex .Tinii-niil. Since [Mandi 4, 1895, he has
editeil the MiddletuWH Tninsni jil. ^\v. DdWn-

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I V. II

STATE OF DE LAW ABE

liam is a Republican, and is actively interested
in the affairs of tlie county. During ex-Presi-
dent Harrison's administration, he was ciiief
of the Bureau of Pensions, in Washington, 1).
C, and in 18S9, he was a member of the Dela-
ware General Assembly. Mr. Downham is
Deputy Grand ilaster of the Grand Podge of
Delaware, A. F. and A. M., and Past Sachem,
and Past Pepresentative to the Great Coun-
cil of AV. S., of Delaware, L O. 11. .M. .Mr.
Downham is a member of the M. E. church.

CALEB JOHNSON FREEMAN, :Mid-
dletown. New Castle county^ Del., sou of
John Wesley and Araminta (Johnson) Free-
man, was born at Elkton, Cecil county, Md.,
August 27, 1842.

J\Ir. Freeman's father, John W. Freeman,
carpenter and builder, was born near Elkton,
on the Eastern Shore of ^laryland. Jle was
an old line Whig. John W. Freeman was
married to Araminta Johnson, also a native
of Elkton Md., where her whole life wa.s spent.
Their children are: I. John ]\L, deceased; II.
C. J. ; III. Anna E. The latter two reside in
^liddletown, Del. ^Ir. Freeman and his
wife were menibei-s of the il. E. church. He
died at ^IiddIeto\vn, Del., in 1887, and is
buried at Flkton, Md. ^Irs. Freeman died at
Elkton in 18G5, aged fifty-five.

Caleb Johnson Freeman attended the pub-
lic schools of Cecil county, ild., until he
reached his thirteenth year, when he began to
learn printing in the office of his \inclc, C. P.
Johnson, at \\'ilmington, Del. Since 1853,
j\Ir. Freenum has been continuously engaged
in ])rinting. He is a skilful worknuui, and has
been employed in some of the largest publish-
ing houses in the country. His success in
business is mainly due to the duraljility and
artistic beauty of the work done in the large
establishment of which he is the owner.

Caleb Johnson Freeman was married, in
155.", at Dover, Del., to Susan Kinsley, who
died si.x months after their niamaffe.

GEORGE G. CTIAMBERLATXE, M. D.,
!Middlctown, Del., son of Henry and Henri-
etta Elizabeth (Gale) Chamberlaine, was bom
in Cecil county, Md., Sei)tember 9, 1S21.

The Chamberlaine family is of old Enolish
stock and its members are among the be^t citi-
zens of ]\Iaryland.

The first member of the family who settled

in America was a native of England, and
came to 0.\f(U'd, 'i'allxit county, .Md., early in
the eighteenth century. He was appointed by
the English government C(dlector of the port

at O.xford. His son, Chamberlaine,

was horn near Oxfurd, and became a farmer
in 'J'albot county, where he died. He married
]\liss Holliday. 'J'heir children were: I.
.lames; 11. Henry; 111. Lloyd; IV. Sanuiel,
X. Harriet; and two other daughters of whoso
names there is no record. All are deceased.
Henry Chamberlaine, the second son of this
family, and the father of Dr. George (i.
Chamberlaine, was born (Jii tlie homestead
farm (known as the IJonfield farm), in Talbot
co\uitv. When a young man he went to Cecil
county and wa.s engaged in farming there for
the remainder of his life. He died while on a
visit to his birthplace. Henry Chamberlaine
married Henrietta Elizabeth Gale, who was
of English descent. They had six children;
L Henry deceased, man'ied ]\Iary Ann Cham-
bers, and, after her death, Miss White; XL
Anna Marie, deceased; III. Henrietta, de-
ceased; IV. George Anna, wife of William
ilurpliy, of Baltimore; V. Sarah Rebecca,
wife of Rev. Richard Whittingham, of New
York; VI. George G.; YIT. Samuel Lloyd, of
Cecil county.

George G. Chamberlaine was born on the
banks of the Susquehanna river, where it
Hows into the Chesapeake Bay. He attended
private schools in Cecil county, and Delaware
College, Newark, Del. He read medicine
Anth Dr. John Wilson ]\[oore, of Philadel-
])hia, and was graduated from the Medical
Department of the University of Pennsyl-
vania in 1848. He immediately began the
practice of his profession in Philadelphia.
.Vfter six yeai-s there, he went to Chester coun-
ty, Pa., where he remaine<l three years. He
spent a like period in Cecil county, ild., and
then moved to Middletown. Here he has
lived thirty-eight years, thirty of which were
devoted to the active ])ractice of his profes-
sion. For the jiast eight yeai-s he has lc<l a
retired life, and during this tinu' it must have
been pleasant to him to call up in review
many events of his snc-cessful career as a phy-
sician. He is widely known, his skill has been
unquestioned, his charity unbounded: bis
kindliness and his cheery manner have carried
hope to the sufft'rer and strcn^zth to tlie eon-
A-alescent, and he ne\'er fails u{ a liearty greet-

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556

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

iiig from the many w ho are glad to know that
he is their friend, lie is a member of the
State -Medical Society of Delaware, lie was
originally a Whig, Imt since the dissulution
of that party he has been a follower of the
Democracy.

On April 6, 1852, in Philadelphia, Dr.
George (>. ('hamberlaine was married to ^lar-
garct (linther. Their living children are: I.
Kev. Henry, rector of St. .Aratthew's P. £.
church, of Xew York City, born Januai-y 2G,
1S54; II. George, merchant of New York
City, born Jannaiy 25, 1858; III. Alfred ^1.,
druggist, of IMiddletown; IV. Samuel Lloyd,
banker of New York City, born August 31,
18G4. Mrs. Margaret Chamberhune died
September 11, 1874. Dr. Chamberlaine mar-
ried, September 28, 1876, Alice Lavinia,
daughter of Kichard W.aud Catherine (Shall-
cross) Cochran, of Middletowai, Del. They
have one child, Herbert C, born December
1.3, 1S81. Dr. Chandicrlaine is a mend)er
of the P. E. church.

Alfred if. Chamberlaine, third son of Dr.
George G. Chamberlaine, was born in ^liil-
dlotown, September 2, ISGO. Tie was edu-
cated in the public schools and in Middle-
touTi Academy. He learned the drug busi-
ness, and for fifteen years has conducted a
well-equipped pharmacy in ]\Iiddleto\\m. He
is a Democrat, and a member of the P. E.
church.

GEOPGE W. W. NAUDATN, IMiddle-
town, New Castle county, Del., son of Ellas
and ]\rartha fEliason) Xaudain, was born near
TTillsboro, ITiahlaud cciuiitv, Oliio, Septi'ndicr
26, 1838.

^Ir. Naudain is a lineal descendant of Eiias
Nandain, who was born in Poiteau, France,
in 1655, and in 1681, to escape the persec\i-
tion of the Huguenots which followed the re-
vocation of the edict of Xantes, fled with his
M'ifo, Gahel Armand, and his three children,
to England, where ho spent the remainder of
his life. In 1608 Elias Xaudain, 2, son of
Elias Xaudain, left England for America
where lie settled on Blackbird Creek, Xew
Castle county, Del., and in 1715 built the
spacious brick mansion which is still stimling.
John Xaudain, farmer, graiulfather of
George AV. W. Xaudain, was born, in 1780,
in Xew Castle county, Del., and was married
to Catherine P>aker, who died in l"<ir,. Mr.
John Xaudain died in 1827.

Mr. Xaudain's maternal grandfather, John
Eliiison, farmer, was bom in 1776, and was
married to ]\Iary Davis, who was boni in 1781
and died in 1823. Mr. Eliason died in 1827.
Elias Xaudain, farmer, son of John and
Catherine (Eaker) Xaudain, and father of
(ieorge "\V. AV. Xaudain, was born near
Odessa, Del., in 1801. lie was a Whig.
Elias Xaudain was man-ied to ]\[artha,
daughter of John and IMaiy (Davis) Eliason.
Airs. Xaudain was born in 1806, near Xoxin-
town, Xew Castle county, Del. Their children
are: I. '^\in■y Catherine; II. Robert M.; III.
George AV. AV.; IA^ Alartha J.; X. Thomas
X.; YI. Corbit E. All are married. ]\[r.
Xaudain and his wife were members of the M.
E. church. Both died at their home near
llillsboro. Highland county, Ohio, in the
same year, 1855.

George W. AV. Xaudain was educated in
the public schools of Highland county, Ohio.
In 1858, Ih. Xaudain became a clerk in the
store of his uncle, John A. Eliason, at Middle-
town, Del., and, in 1805, at the death of his
uncle, succeeded to the business. Air. X'au-
dain was a successful merchant, and in 1888
letired from the labors of mercantile life.
He is, however, actively interested in the wel-
fare of the county. He w:\s one of the organ-
izers of the Peoples' Xational Bank, of Alid-
dletown, in December, 1883, and afterwards
became its president. Since its organization,
in 1892, he has been president of the Aliddle-
town Improvement Conii)any, a corporation
which has proved a blessing to the peoi)le of
that town. During the Pebcllion, Mr. Xau-
dain was a soldier in the Fifth Delaware A^ol-
untcei-s. He has always been a stanch Pepub-
lican. ]\Ir. Xaudain is a member of Union
Lodge, Xo. 5, A. F. and A. AL

In 1809, George W. AV. Xaudain was mar-
ried to Kate, daughter of Andrew and Lydia
(Cann) Eliason. Afrs. Xaudain's father, An-
drew Eliason, farmer, was born in 1810, and
died in 1891. The children of George AV. AV.
and Kate (Eliason) Xaudain are: I. Lily
(Afrs. AVillard S. Biggs); II. Helen; II L
Katherine. Air. Xaudain is a Presbyterian.
For twenty-five years he has been a member
of the board of trustees of the Forest church.

AVILLIAAf POTHAVELL PEYXOLDS,

Aliddletown, Del., s.m of William and Alartha
C. (Pothwell) Pevnolds, was born in Xcwavk,
Del., Dccendicr 4, 1862.

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I !■■ A

STATE OF DELAWARE

557

The Iveynolds family, one of the oldest in
Delaware, is of English origin, and may claim
consanguinity with the celebrated j)ainter.
Sir Joi^bna I\eynolds. The fii-st of the family
who settled in this country was Richard Key-
nolds, a representative of the sixth generaticm,
beginning with "William K. Reynolds and
connting backwards. lie Wiis born in Eng-
land,'and became a resident of New Ciuitle
county, Del., about 1700, taking grants of
land in that part of the country now known
as Appoquininiink hundred. lie devoted the
remainder of his life to the management and
cultivation of his lands; at the time of his
death, he was the largest landed proi)netor of
his vicinity. lie died in Appoquinimink hun-
dred, and was inten-ed in the family jjurial
ground.

His son, William Reynolds, was born,
passed his life and died in Appoquinimink
liundred. He was also a farmer, giving his
attention principally to the cultivation of
grain, and the breeding of stock, lie had sev-
eral children, among whom wa.s "William Rey-
nolds, who was born on the Rejniolds home-
stead, educated in the schools of the neighbor-
hood, and like his father and grandfatlier, w;i.s
throughout life a farmer of Appoquinimink
hundred. His remains are buried at C'lnirch-
tuwn, Bohemia ilanor, Cecil county, Md.

John A. Reynolds, son of "William Rey-
nolds, was born December 4, 1S1;3, in Saint
George's hundred. He was engaged in farm-
ing until 1800, when he entered into partner-
ship with hifs son, "William Reynolds, in the
mercantile business, in Newark, Del. After
can-ying on the business in that place for four
yeai-s, they removed to iliddletown; here
John A. Reynolds continued liis participation
in the general mercantile interest until 1808,
when ho retired from active life; he died
iMarch 5, 1808. John A. Reynolds married
!Mary, daughter of Samuel and Martha
^Mooi-e, of New Castle hundred; her l)rother,
"Washington E. ^Moore, was sheriif of New
Ca.stle county in 1840. The children of Mr.
and Mrs. Reynolds are: I. "William, married
JMartha C. Rothwell ; II. John A., of Arkan-
sas, manned Charlotte Bower, of Pencader
hundred; III. Edward, of ]\Iiddletown, mar-
ried ^lary Jemima Nauduin, of Saint Ccorge's
hundred; IV. Samuel if., of ^Middhtown,
married Mary Frances Cochran, of Saint
George's hundred.

William Reynolds, 2, the eldest of this fam-
ily, was bom in Newark, Del., December G,
183G. He spent his early life in his native
town, completing his education in Delaware
College. He continued to reside with his
father until 18(!1, when, as already related,
they became partners in Inisiness. In 1873,
AVilliam Reynolds sold his interest in the
st<jre, removed to Wilminglon, and began
business there as a real estate conveyancer and
collector. In the same year, he was ap-
pointed Treasurer of the Poor of New Castle
count}'; he filled that office for three years,
after which he resigned it. In 1874, he re-
ceived from Gov. Ponder the appointment of
adjutant general of the state of Delaware, and
held that office up to the time of his death.
^Ir. Reynolds wa.s a Democrat, and was warm-
ly interested in the affaire of his party, and
zealous for its success; lie was a fluent
speaker, and maintained his jwlitical princi-
])les with effective eloquence. lie was a mem-
ber in good standing of the J. O. 0. E. Wil-
liam Reynolds was mariied, November 2,
18G1, to']\Iartha C, daughter of :\Iajor Wil-
liam and Lydia (Price) Rothwell. Their
children are: 1. AVilliam Rothwell; IT. ]\Iary
]\Ioore (!Mrs. Jacob S. Cochran), of Saint
George's hundred; TIL Francis Irving, of
Philadelphia, married Susan S. Williams; IV.
Alexander II., of ]\Iiddlctown; V. Victor G.,
of ]\Ii(ldleto^\^l. William Reynolds died
March 2, 1877; after his death, Mre. Rey-
ncdds removed to ^Middletown, where she died,
January 12, 188G. She is remembered with
affection by her family as a faithful wife and
mother, and by her fellow members of the
Presbyterian church, and her friends in gen-
eral, as a W(^man of many excellencies and at-
tractions.

After receiving a thorough educational
training in the jirivate school under the care
of Prof. William A. Reynolds, and in the
academies of Newark and Middletown, Wil-
liam Rfithwell Reynolds applied himself to
legal studies, his ])receptor being the Hon.
George Gray, of AVilmington, Del. On ilay
C, 1807, he recei\ed the appointment of no-
tary ])ublic, and wa.s ajipointed justice of the
jicace September 27, in the same year. In
the fulfilment of his public duties, he has
shown such ability, good judgment and judi-
cial impartiality as to merit the further hunnr
of lj(ing elected alderman of the city, con-

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558

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ferved upon him early in 1898. Mr. Reynolds
gives his support to Democratic views and
measures. lie is a member of the Forest
Presbyterian church, of Middletown.

WILLIAM F. KEXNEDY, ^.l. I)., ilid-
dlctown, Del., son of Ifev. (ieorye W. and
Sarah Matilda (Haidcastle) Kennedy, was
born in ililford, Del., November lt<, 1^5:^.

'I'lie Kennedy family orij;iiiatcd in Scot-
land. The doctor's grandfatiier, Francis
Kennedy, was a farmer, a native of JSTew Lon-
don, Pa. His death at the ai^e of tlurty-three
was caused by an accident; while "loiiiiing" in
the woods during the Avinter, a log fell upon
him and caused the bni"sting of a bloud-ves-el.
His son, (ieorge W. Kennedy, was at that time
oidy three years old. While still very yoiing,
the boy was received into the charge of his
uncle, Robert Kennedy, a merchant of Phil-
adelphia, and in that city he obtaine<l his pri-
n^nry education, and was prepared for college.
He studied at Princeton University, was grad-
iiatcd from the classical and entered the the-
ological de]jartment; at a later day the degree
of doctor of divinity was conferred upon bin.
by the New Windsor College, of Xew Wind-
sor, !Md. As soon as he had been ordained as
a nuuister of tlie Presbyterian church, he
came to Delaware, •where he labored for sev-
eral yeai-s in Sussex county, Del., and Caro-
line county, ild.; froin this field he was called
to Lebanon, Ky.; after preacinng the gospel
there for some years, he removed to },Iilford,
and organized a Presbyterian church in lUac
town. During the time of his ministry in ^lil-
ford, Avhich covered a period of about seven
yeai-s, the congregation erected a house, of
Avoi-ship, in wduch they often heard the word?
of life from this faithful pastor. He also or-
ganized a senunary for young ladies in ]Mil-
ford; some among its pupils are now the wives
of pronnnent citizens of Delaware. About
this time, Mr. Kennedy was appointed gen-
eral agent for the American Tract Society of
Paltimore, Md., and removol to Trappe and
subsequently to Oxford, Talbot county, !NL1.
He labored in this capacity initil the begin-
ning of the Civil War, when he was appointed
by the New Castle Presbyter)' as colporteur of
the Peninsula. lie subsequently remo\ed to
Greensboro, Caroline county, Md., for a short
time, and, then to SmjTua, Del., where, be-
sides his colporteur work, he siiiiplic d the

Presbyterian church of that town for about
five yeai-s. But the decline of life approached,
hastened by the fatigues of his unrenulliiig
laboi's, and in 1875 Pev. Dr. Keimedy was
obliged to retire from the wt)rk of the minis-
try; he and his excellent wife p;\ssed their
later days witii their son, Dr. Kennedy, in
^iiddietown. The first wife of Kev. Dr. Ken-
nedy, whom he married in Lebanon, K_y., was
i\liss Jennings, of that place; they had two
children: I.' Stiles Kennedy, il. D., of St.
Louis, ^lich.; II. Ellen (]\Irs. John Lewis), de-
ceased. The mother of these children died in
her native state. Pev. Dr. Kennedy after-
wards married Sarah Matilda, daughter of
William ^I. and Anna (Coulston) Ilardcastle;
Mr. Ilardcastle was a fanner of Caroline
county, Md., where the marriage took place;
he lived to the age of ninety-seven yeai-s. The
children of this marriage are: Anna Natalie
(.Mrs. Hobert B. Wilson), of Chester, Pa.; IL
Dr. William Francis Kennedy. Environed
by filial love and care, the parents passed gen-
tly from earth, the father dying at the home
of their son, April 4, 1887, and the mother,
I-'ebrnary 20, 1S92, in that of their daughter,
^Irs. AVilson. Pev. Dr. Kennedy was a
worthy son of the church, a faithful worker,
and a talented preacher; he was noted as one
of the most able extempore speakei-s of his
day. His political views were Democratic.
Both he and his wife were interred in Forest
cemetery. Saint George's liundred, New Cas-
tle ccninty, Del.

The early education of William Francis
Kennedy was earned on in the piddic schools
c)f Oxford and of Caroline county, ^Id., and in
the academy at Newark, Del., under Prof.
Porter. After leaving school, he resided with
his parents at Smj'rna, where he read medi-
cine, Charles ^Mahon, M. D., being his precep-
tor, a practitioner of the homoeopathic school.
Three and a half years of study prepared him
for graduation in the Hahnemann Medical
College, of IMnladelphia, wdnch took ])laee
ilarcli 10, 1873. His first two years of prac-
tice were passed at Elkton, !Md. In the fall
of 1874, Dr. Kennedy came to ^Middletown;
he was the second homoeopathic physician to
become a resident of the town. Here he prac-
ticed without inten-uption \mtil 1892, when
he went to San Francisco, Cab, but on ac-
count of ill health, remained there only six
months, licturniiig in the same year to Del-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

559

aware, he practiced in Wilmington until
18!t5; he then resumed practice in ^liddie-
town, where he has since cared successfully
for the physical welfare of a large circle of
patients, lie is widely known in New Castle
county, as was his revered father, and is es-
teemed wherever known. Dr. ]vennedy i3
closely attentive to the duties of his profes-
sion, not seeking any puhlic ofiice, although
he is interested in the affairs of the town, and
holds l)eniocratic opinions.

Dr. AVilliani F. Kennedy was married in
Washington, D. C, September 24, 1SS8, to
Kose Lee, daughter of Thomas P. and Cath-
erine Evans; she was horn in Cincinnati,
Ohio, and came to Washington when very
young. Their children are: T. Dorothy,
iiorn July 12, 1889; H. Thomas Evans, born
]\Iay 20, 1896. Dr. Kennedy is a member of
the Presbyterian church.

CHAPLES A. PITCIITE, M. D., ]\Iiddle-
town, Del., son of Archibald and Agnes (^^lor-
gan) Pitchie, was born in Zanesville, !Mus-
kinguni county, Ohio, December 19, 1870.

His father was born near Glasgow, Scot-
land, in 1842. He was one of fourteen chil-
dren, and was educated in the schools of the
vicinity. A member of a large family in a
community where the opportunities for ma-
terial advancement were few, his ambition leil
him to America in 1862. He landed from a
sailing vessel in Philadelphia, and pushed
westward as far as Sharon, Pa., where he
found employment as a miner. There he
worked for ten years in the coal mines, the
latter part of his term of service as a foreman.
Thence he went to Zanesvillc, Ohio, where he
found employment in the fonmlry and ma-
chine shop of Griffith & Wedge as a moulder.
He has remained there ever since, the last
fourteen j-ears as foreman of the moulding
department. He is an ardent Pepublican, but
has never sought an office. Archil>ald Pitchie
was married in Sharon, to Agnes, daughter of
Thomas INforgan. Mrs. Pitchie was born in
Scotland in 1840, and came with her parents
to this country when verj' young, ifr. and
]\rr>. Ritidiie had these children: T. i^farv,
died in infancy; IT. ]\Iary, siniilc; HI.
Charles A.; lY. Eve, of Phila.lolphia; V.
Earlc, jeweler, Zanesville, Ohio. ]\Irs.
Pitchie and family are membeT-s of the Hap-
ti.-t church of Zanesville. ]\Ir. IMorgan, fa-

ther of ill's. Pitchie, was a coal miner in
Sharon for nianv ycai-s. He was killed in the
Civil ^Var.

Charles A. Pitchie, .M. D., attended the
public schools of Zanesville, and was gi-ad-
uated from the high scliool in 1887, after
which he went to Philadelphia and obtained a
position as clerk in the grocery store of ]\Ir.
Baxendine, where he remained about two
years. Then ho began the study of medicine
with Dr. William Jeffei-son (Jreensey and
spent three ycai-s in his office. He followed
this training with a three yeare' coui-se in
Hahnemann ]\Iedical College, Philadelphia,
during which time he assisted his preceptor,
who was a valued friend of the young Ohio
student. In 1S95 ilr. Pitchie was graduated,
and immediately began the practice C)f his pro-
fession in iliddletown, Del. Although he
was without accpuiintance or iniluence there
his untiring labor and close attention to his
duties soon secured for him an extensive pi-ac-
tice. His genial manner makes him popular,
and he is held in high esteem because of his
skill in liis profession, and his strong charac-
ter. Dr. Pitchie is a member of the Homoeo-
pathic jMedieal Society of Delaware and the
Peninsula, and of the iliddletown A. O. U.
W., of which he is medical examiner. He is
an enthusiastic believer in the doctrines of the
Pepublican party, and an effective worker in
its ranks.

Dr. Charles A. Pitchie was married in
June, 1896, in Philadelphia, to Jennie,
daughter of John and Elizabeth (Whiteman)
Shipley, of Philadelphia. He is a memlier of
the il. E. church, of JMiddletuwn, and presi-
dent of the Epworth League.

WILLIA]\I E. PAPXAPD, D. D. S.,
]\li<ldletown, Del., S(m of Norris and ilartha
A. (Paker) Barnard, was born near Still
l'(ind, Kent county, ]\Id., August 3, 1809.

The Barnard family is of English descent,
and has many re])resentatives in both Penn-
sylvania and in ]\laryland. Elihu Barnard,
grandfather of Dr. William E. Barnard, was
a farmer and a preacher of the Society of
Friends. He died in Chester county, Pa. One
of his sons was X(UTis Barnard, father of Dr.
A\'illiam E. Barnard. He was educated in
Chester county schools and ;it Pennington
Seminary, New Jersey, and when a young
man, taught school in Kent county Md., for

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560

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

several years. Afterwards he estuhlislieJ
himself in the nursery and fruit-growing bus-
ine.-^s near IJussellvilie, Chester county, Pa.,
and remained there imtil 1S(J5, when he dis-
posed of his property and invested in a tract
of 450 acres on tlie Chesapeake liay, near
Still Pond, Kent county Md. lie started a
uuivery there, and Legan raising all kinds of
fruit on a large scale. His luisiness soon at-
tained immense proportions, and his nursery
became known all over the country. He im-
proved his farm greatly, and erected a dwell-
ing house at a cost of $0,500. For land and
improvements, he expended $50,000. He
was a man of enterprise, and among other jiro-
jects, formed a stock company, of which he
was the largest stock holder and the ]iresident,
to huild the wharf on the eastern shore of the
Chesapeake Pay, known as Parnard's wharf.
He went out in the militia as a soldier in the
Civil "War to protect the state, was sworn into
the army before the battle, and was assigned
to a company in the Pennsylvania Volunteer
Infantry. He was in the battles of Antietam
and Gettysburg, and left the army with a
crcditalde record. Xon-is Barnard was a Pe-
publican for many years, but left his party to
become an ardent champion of the t(>miH'r-
ance cause as represented by the Prohiliitiou
party. He was always temp<^rate in his
habits, never having used tobacco or any al-
coholic drink, and endeavored to implant
similar habits of total abstinence in his fel-
lows. He was a Prohibition candidate for the
assembly, and again for the senate of ^lary-
land, but was not elected. Mr. Parnard also
took a deep interest in educational matters.
A good scholar himself, he recognized the
value of education to tlie coming generations,
and urged its advancement. He strongly
advocated free text books for the public
schools of ^laryland. He died on his farm in
1S02, and is buried in the M. E. cemetei-y at
Still Pond, Md. He was universally respected
for his fearless advocacy of his views upon
public questions, and for his honorable, up-
right dealings with his fellownien. Norris
Parnard was married to ifartha A., daughter
of Jacob and Lydia (Lambom) Baker, of
Avondale, Oicster county, Pa. They had
■seven children: I. ]\rary L., wife'of W. F.
Collins, merchant, of Cheswold, Del. ; II.
Anna P., wife of Edward A. Evans, farmer,
•of Cheswold, Del.; TIT. Sarah E., (:\Ir3.

Thomas T). Gan-ison); TV. William 10.; V.
Elizabeth, died young; VI. Louis M., mer-
chant of liliddletown; VII. Esther. ]\lr.
Parnard belonged to the Society of Friends in
his youngi'r days, but later joined the il. E.
church, (jf which he was an ollicer and a con-
sistent mend)er. His widow is living in Ches-
wold, Del. ^Vith her children, she is a niem-
bei' of the ]\I. Iv church. i\Ii-s. Parnard was
born near Avondale, Chester county. Pa.
Her parents were natives of that county, and
of English descent; her father was an exten-
sive liuu; burner aiul dairyman.

Dr. AVilliam E. liarnard was taught his
first lessons by a governess at his home. Later
be attended the public scIkjoIs of Kent county,
!Md., and then took a two yeai-s' course in the
( 'onference Academy at Dover, after which
he studied dentistry with P. II. John, D. D.
S., a cousin, at Avondale, Chester county. Pa.
He remained in his otHce three yeai-s, after-
ward attending lectures in the dental depart-
ment of the TTniversity of Pennsylvania. He
was graduated in 1890 and practiced his pro-
fession for two years in Still Pond, !Md. In
1S92, he came to Middletown and has built
up a large practice in Xew Castle county.
Dr. Barnard is a genial companion and a pop-
ular citizen. He is a member of Union
Lodge, No. 5, A. F. and A. M.; Sassafras
Lodge, jN^o. 120, K. of P., of the I. 0. G. T.,
imd of the I. O. II. In politics he is chussed as
a liberal. lie voted in IS'.Mi lor William Mc-
ICinlcy for president. Dr. Parnard was mar-
ried, June 20, 181)4-, to Ethel, daughter of
(icorge W. Covington, druggist, of Still
Pond, ild. They have one child, a daughter,
born July 8, 181)8. He is a member of the
M. E. church.

IRVIXC. SPKNCE VALLANDIGHxVM,
^I. 1)., iliddletown, Del., sou of Pev. James
Laird and ilary Eliza (Sj)ence) Vallandig-
ham, was born at Xew Lisbon, Columbiana
county, Ohio, August 20, 1840.

The family name is Flemish, and was orig-
inally written Van Lbmdighcni. The pioneer
innnigrant of the name, .Michael Van Llandig-
hem, was bom in Flandei-s, and came to Vir-
ginia, where, having become a large land
owner, he passed the renuunder of his life.
One of his descendants, George Vallandig-
hani, was Dr. Vallandigham's great-grand-
father, and was bom in Augusta, Va., in

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lO". '

STATE OF DELAWARE

5G1

IT^S. He was an active and prominent per-
son, a lawyer and surveyor, and owned much
real estate, including 1,000 acres in You^liio-
glicny county, Va., which w;is afterwards
transferred to Allegheny county, Pa. (ieorgo
A'allandigham was a colonel in the Continen-
tal army, and during the Revolution com-
nuuided three regiments. After the tennin-
atfon of the war, ho was appointed to a judge-
ship, and upon the revision of the state consti-
tution, wad elected by the people to the same
office. Col. George V;dlandigham was niar-
ri(;d to Elizabeth, daughter of Col. Joseph and
Elizabeth (Uent) Xoble, of Prince Cleorge's
county, Jld. They had three daughters,
ilartha, Xancy and Elizabeth; their sons
were: I. George, who was a colonel in the war
of ISl-J; II. Clement. Col. George Vallan-
dighani, 1, was an elder in the Presbyterian
church, and was active in church work. Late
in life, he removed to Holmes county, O.,
where ho died, October 4, 1850, and was bur-
ied in the same place.

Clement Vallandigham, son of George and
Elizabeth (Noble) Vallandigham, was bom at
Xoblestown, Allegheny county. Pa., March
7, 177S, and received his education at Jeffer-
son, now Washington and Jefferson Col-
lege, Washing-ton county. Pa., wlu-re he
graduated in 1804, the president of the
college at that time being liev. Dr. Dunlap.
After his graduation from the classical de-
partment in 1804, Mr. Vallandigham entered
upon the theolog-ical courec under the Eev.
Dr. John ;Mc]\Iillan, and upon its completion,
was ordained a minister of the Presbyterian
church. He began Lis ministry at New Lis-
bon, C)., in May, 1807, and ended it in the
same place, with the close of a life spent in the
faithful and diligent service of (!od and of his
pc(jple, Octoljer 21, 1830. ^Mr. Vallandig-
ham had the pleasure of seeing the work jn-os-
per under his care; his charge included three
congregations, which increased greatly during
his ministry, and built new houses of worship
to accommodate their growing numbers; the
congregations were those of New Lisbon,
Long liun and Salem. IJev. (Uement Vallan-
digham was marrie<l in AVasliington county.
Pa., in 1807, to Pebceca, daughter of James
and ilargaret (Sproat) Laird. She was born
in 1789; her father was a merchant of Wash-
ington county, and was of Scotch descent.
1'lieir children were: I. j\rargaret (^[rs. John
liobcrtson), of Germanto\vn, Montgomery

county, O., who is a widow of eighty-nine years
of age, and resides with her son, J. S. Pobert-
son, M. D., a well-known physician of Gei--
numtown; IL James Laird; 111. Hon. Clement
L., deceased, who was a prominent lawyer of
Dayton, O., and a member of Congress for that
district; IV. John L., who was a lawyer of
New Lisbon, O., where he died, had been a
Whig, and died a Kepublican, the only mem-
ber of that party in the fiunily; V. George
Scott, M. D., of New Lisbon, 0.; VI. Eliza-
beth, who died unnuirried; \"1I. Kebecca, who
resides at Newark, Del. Mrs. Clement Val-
landigham died at her home in Ohio in 18G4j
she was a faithful and zealous member of the
Presbyterian church, and by her activity, as
well as by her good example, greatly iiided
her husband in his ministerial labors.

James Laird N'allandigliam, eldest son of
Pev. Clement and Rebecca (Lairdj Vallan-
digham, was born ]\Iarch 13, 1812, in Xew
Lisbon, Ohio. In early boyhood, he attended
a subscription school taiight by President
ilclvinley's paternal great-grandfather, the
teacher's grandson, William ilcKinley, who
became the father of the president, being
among his schoolmates. Young Vallandigham
received from his father his preparation for
college, which enabled him to enter the Junior
class of Jefferson College at the early age of
si.xteen. So thorough had been that prepar-
ation, and so diligent was the young student,
that throughout the two yeai-s before his grad-
uation, he tmiforndy maintained a high
standing in the class of thirty, nearly all of
its membei-s being his seniors in age. He was
graduated in IS'M, after which he taught at
Snow Hill and at Perlin, both in Worcester
county, Md., at the same time reading law
with Hon. Irving Si)ence, of Snow Hill. In
183(5, lie returned to New Lisbon, O., com-
pleted his legal coui-se with Hon. A. W.
Jx.omis, of that-state, and was admitted to the
bar of Ohio. "With a deep interest both in his
profession and in politics, with fine intellec-
tual endowments, eloquence, and great en-
ergy, he practiced for several years with ev-
ery i)rospect of winning both fortune and dis-
tinction. Put a change came; new feelings,
new desires took the }ilace of his worldly am-
bitions, and under the sti-ess of clear and
strong convictions of duty, jMr. Vallandigham
turned his attention to the study of theology.
On April 3, 1800, he received his ordination
a^ a minister of the Presbj-terian church at

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562

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tlie hands of the Presbytery of Ealliiiiore,
Md., and was installed over the congregation
known as the Monokin eliurch, Princess
Anne, ^Id., and soon after also over the lieho-
lioth clnirch. Having received a call t(j the
congregations at Xewark, Head of Christiana,
and White Clay Creek, Del., iMr. Vallandig-
hani resigned his llaryland charge, antl un
Xovcndier 30, 1853, removed to Newark.
For forty yeai-s he CQntinued to be the faith-
ful and beloved pastor of the above-named
Delaware congi-egations, resigning first, in
ISiiO, that of Newark, and holding, after the
meeting of the presliytery at Ivcwes, in 1S75,
that of Head of Christiana alone, njitil his
final resignation from regular ministerial
work, in 1893. Each congregation rolin-
(jiiished Eev. Dr. Vallandigham's pastoral
care with reluctance; his laboi-s for each had
been rewarded with an increase of numbei-s
that made the erection of new places of wor-
ship a necessity; and his ability an<l earnest-
ness in the pulpit rendered his preaching very
.acceptable. He is still active, preaching oc-
casionally at Odessa and other places. He re-
ceived the degree of D. D. at Delaware Col-
lege, Newark, Del., in 1874, and of LL.D. at
AVestminster College, Fulton, Mo., in 1881.
In 1839, Rev. James L. Vallandigham was
man-ied at Snow Hill, Md., to ilary Eliza,
daughter of Lemuel P. and Eliza (Prideaux)
Spence; lier father was register (if wills for
"Worcester county, ild. The children of this
marriage are: I. Irving Spence; 11. James
L., a lawyer of Newark, Del., born in 184."),
died at Newark in 1888; III. Edward N., pro-
fessor of English Literature at Delaware Col-
lege. The excellent mother died in 1890, and
her remains are inten-ed in the Presbyterian
cemetery at Head of C'hristiana. She was a
faithful mend)er of the Presbyterian cluircli.
Ilcv. Dr. Vallandigham still resides at New-
ark.

Their eldest son, Irving Spence Vallan-
digham, after his graduation frona Delaware
College, read medicine under the preceptor-
ship of his imcle. Dr. George S. Vallandi-
gham, of New Lisbon, O. He then attended
medical lectures, first at the National College,
in Washington, T). C, and afterwards in Pal-
tinvore, at the Univei'sity of Alaryland, from
which institution he received his diphmia in
1802. Dr. Vallandigham began jiracfice at
Saint George's, Del., where he s]iciit twenty-

five yeai-s, enjoying the confidence of the peo-
ple, and obtaining an extensive practice. In
-March, 1890, ho became a resident of Aliddle-
town; here he lias ever since maintained his
high standing among his fellow practitioners,
and the citizens in general. He is esteemed
not only for his professional faithfulness and
ability, but for his unassinuing manner, ami
the kindlier and courtesy which characterize
his intercourse with all classes, lie is a mem-
ber of the Pension Ivxamining Board, of the
Board of Health of iliddlctown, of the Dela-
ware State Medical Society, and of the Na-
tional Aledical Association.

Dr. Irving S. Vallandigham was mai-ried,
October 21, 18(i8, in Newark, to Katharine
Whiteley, daughter of Dr. Alexander and
Adeline (Whiteley) Lowber.

The Lowber family has lieen settled in Del-
aware since the later years of the seventeenth
century, ili-s. Vallandigham's great-grand-
father, Peter Lowber, was born in Amster-
diun, Holland, and came to this country about
1C80, establishing himself first as a merchant
in the infant city of Philadelphia, and after-
wards removing to Frederica, Del., while the
state of Delaware was still a part of Pennsyl-
vania, ^fr. Lowber continued to can-y on
mercantile business, trading with Philadel-
phia by means of his own sailing vessels, and
adding a tanyard to his other enterprises. He
possessed true Dutch energy and talent in the
conduct of business, and was among the most
prosperous men of his time. He was iive times
married, on each occasion to a ^\^dow; but
no record of the names of his wives has been
preserved in the family. Peter Lowber died
and was buried at Frederica. His son, Thomas
Lowber, was born in Frederica, and was his
father's assistant and successor in business,
carrying on successfully all the above-men-
tioned branches. His politics were those of
the school of Thomas Jeffei-sou. Thomas
Ix)wber Avas married in Newark, Del., to
Katharine, daughter of Alexander and Kath-
arine (Kirkwood) ]\rcPeth. She was a native
of Newark, Del.; lier father was of Scotch ex-
traction, and her mother was a sister of "Major
Kirkwood, an ofHccr in the Continental army
during the Revolution. The children of Air.
and Ali-s. Thomas Lowber were: I. Alexan-
der; IT. Eobert J., a nu^rcliant of Frederica;
III. Peter, died young. Mr. Lowber died in
Frederica in 1809, and his wife onlv a few

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,(•/

STATE OP DELAWAUE

503

months later in the same year. They were
lueiiilifi-s of tlie Presbyterian chnrdi, and
their remains repose in its cenietcrj-.

Alexander Lowher, son of Thomas and
Ivatiiarine (Wliiteley) Lowlier, was horn in
Frederiea in 1805, and was therefore at a
very tender aj;e when he was depnved by
death of both his parents. lie was edueated
at tlie academy at Newark, Del., and at l>el-
laire Academy, iu TIarford county, ^Id. lie
graduated from the Medical Department of
the Univei-sity of Pennsylvania in 1827. For
seventeen years, Dr. Lowber practiced at
Frcderica; in 1844, he removed to Newark,
where he continued practice during the re-
mainder of his life, enjoying the respect and
conflilence of the community, and especially
of his large circle of patients. Dr. Lowber
was one of the oldest members of the State
^Medical Society. Alexander Lowber, iL D.,
was married, December, 1838, to Adeline,
daughter of Col. Henry and Katharine "White-
ley, of Newark, Del. The Wliiteley family
is of Welsh descent. The children of this
marriage are: I. Katharine (Mrs. Ir^'ing S.
^'allandigllam); TT. Alexander, M. D., of
A\'ilniington, Del.; III. Eugenia; IV. !Mary,
wdio died in infancy. Dr. Lowber was a con-
sistent member of the Presbyterian church.
He died at Newark in 1883; his wife surx-ived
him, and died at the home of her son-in-law,
Dr. Vallandigliam.

^Members of the Spence family, which is of
Scotch origin, were at an early date settled
at Snow Hill, Md. Its earliest representative
there was Adam Spence, maternal grciU-great-
grandfather of Dr. I. S. Vallandighani.
Adam Spence was bom in Scotland in 1GG5.
He was zealous for the Protestant faith, and
was an active and courageous follower of
John Kno.x. To escape pei-secution, he left
his country in 1689, came to America, and
settled wdiere now stands the town of Snow
Hill, in ^Maryland. He devoted his attention
to fanning, and became the owner of a large
])lantation, cidtivated by many slaves. Here
.\dam Spence passed his life in tranquility,
and here he died. He '.narried Anne Irving;
their children were: I. Adam; If. John; III.
Oeorce; IV. Margaret; V. Elizabeth; VI.
ilary; VII. Sarah; VIII. Anna. Here, as
at home, Adam Spence was faithful to the
churidi of his choice, the Presbyterian, whii-li
he sersed as an elder.

George Spence, his third son, was born at
Snow Hill, and spent his life upon his j)lanLi-
tiun, engaged in superintending its cultivation
1)3' his slaves. Jle was first married to Andasia
Kobbins; their children were: J. Adam; IF.
Thiiimis Jv., a physieian of Snow Hill; ill.
and IV. daughtci-s, who died young. His
fii-st wife dying at Snow Hill, George Spence
afterwards married Nancy Purnell; their chil-
dren were: I. Adam; II. Lemuel; III. John,
who represented ilaiwland in the national
senate in 183G; IV. Ara, who was chief jus-
tice of Maryland ; V. William, who died
young; VI. George, who died young; VII.
Irving, a lawyer, of Snow Hill. All the fam-
ily were membci-s of the Presbyterian church,
in which George Spence held, as his father
had done, the dignified and important office
of elder.

His son, Lemuel P. Spence, was bora at
Snow Hill, aJid was in his earlier yeai-s a
farmer. Taking an interest in politics, as an
advocate of AVhig principles and policy, ilr.
Spence became prominent in his community,
and was elected register of wills for Worcester
county. Lemuel P. Spence manned Eliza
Prideaux, a lady of Huguenot descent; their
children are: I. ]\Iargaret, wife of Rev. John
P. Iiobbins; II. Mary Eliza (Mrs. James
Laird Vallandighani); III. George P., de-
ceased; IV. Lemuel, wdio died young. ^\r.
Spence and his wife both died at Snow Hill,
and their lx)dies repose in the cemetery of the
I'resbyterian church at that place. They were
good and honored membei-s of the church, and
were Nsidely known and resjjccted, as their
family had been for generations, in their own
and surrotmding counties.

GEOPGE DOUGLASS KELLEY, W\<\-
dletowni, Del., was bom in AVhite Clay Creek
hundred. New Castle county, Del, Deeendier
1-, 18;") 1, and is the son of Samuel and ]\Iarv
(Allen) Kellcy.

'I'lic JCelley family is of Scotch descent.
Samuel Kellcy, great-graTidfather of George
D. Kelley, was born in Scotland, cmigTated in
youth, and settled in the upper part of New
Castle county, now Mill Creek hundred,
where he became a land owner, and spent his
life in faraiing. He died and was buried in
White Clay Creek hundred; his place of in-
terment was the cemetery of the Presbyterian
ehnreh, of which he was a member.

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564

lilOGRAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

His son, William Kelley, was bom on the
homestead in ilill Creek hundred, and was
also a farmer. He became the owner of a
part of his father's land, u])on which he
resided, and cultivated it up to the time (jf
his death. lie was an intelligent and ])rogi'es-
sive man, exerting liis infltiencc among his
neighliors in behalf of improvements in
■methods of agriculture. lie su])ported
the AVhig party. William Kelley mar-
ried Catherine, daughter of Duuglass and
Elizabeth (Wilson) ilorrisou, of ^lil! ( !rcek
hundred. Douglass Morrison, son of Kobert
and Ann (Douglass) ^Morrison, and grandson
of Hugh Ifomson, was descended on both pa-
ternal and maternal sides from Scotch ances-
tors. Hugh Momson was a settler in Dela-
wai-e at a very early date, and he and his de-
scendants have cultivated lands in the state
ever since. A more extended notice of the
family is given in connection with the sketch
of David !MeCoy. 'J'he children of William
and Catheiine (Morrison) Kelley are:' I.
(leorgc, deceased; II. Samuel, deceased; III.
John, of Chester county. Pa.; IV. Elizabeth
(^Ii-s. Thomas Higgins), of j\Iill Creek hun-
dred, deceased; Y. Ann (Mi's. Kobert Tay-
lor), of ilill Creek hundred. William Kelley
was widely known and i-espected; he wiis a
consistent member of the Presbyterian
church. His wife died in ilill t'reek hun-
dred, and was interred in the family burial
plot in the cemetery of White ('lay Creek
I'resbyterian chiu'ch.

Their son, Samuel Kelley, was bom on the
old Kelley homestead in 18 — , and received
a good education in subscription schools, in
!Mill Creek hundred. In 1S61, he relinquish-
ed farming, which had been his calling up to
that time, for the business of a dealer in grain,
in whicdi his brother-indaw, Scattergood Al-
len, was his partner, the firm being styled
Kelle}' & Allen, grain dealei-s. They also
conducted the flour mill at Brandywine,
throughout the life time of ]\Ir. Kelley. From
his earliest manhood, he voted with the Whig
pai-ty, but fnjm the year ISGO was a constant
adherent of the Kei)ubliean cause. He never
sought oflice. Samuel Kelley maiTio<l ^fary,
daughter of Samuel Allen, of White Clay
Creek hundretl, a farmer, and of English de-
scent. They had children: I. Cicorge Doug-
lass; IT. Ella, died in infancy. Doth parents
died in Wilmington, Mr. ICelley in IST.'i, his

wife in 1875, and both were interrcti in
Prandywine cemetery. They wen; members
of tiie Presbyterian church, faithful in their
various relations in life, and honored by their
ac([uaint;uicrs an<l neigliimrs.

Up to the age of sixtet'U yeaj-s, Ceorge D.
Kelley attended the public schools of AVliite
('lay Creek hundred and of Wilmington, tiie
academy taught by Mr. Clarkson Taylor, the
private school of Mr. AV. A. Reynolds, and a
commercial college of Philadelphia, fmm
whicdi he was graduated. Directly after iiis
graduation, he obtained employment a.s ottice
boy at the Wilming-ton iV Brandywine Bank;
promotion was not long <lelayed, for within a
year he rose to the jxisition of discount clerk
in the same bank, which he held for three
years. • In 1871, when not yet twenty years of
age, Mr. Kelley began dealing in coal, and
continued in that business for three years. He
then si>ent five yeai"3 in cultivating Clark's
farm, in Ped Lion hundred, near Delaware
City; for two j'cars, was again in the employ
of the Wilmington and Brandywine Pank ;
and later, held a position as clerk in the treas-
ury department of the ship-biiilding firm of
Harlan A: llollingsworth, Wilniinglon. In this
occupation he continiuMl until 1S83, when be
was elected cashier of the People's National
Pank, of ]\Iiddlctown. This resjionsible posi-
tion ~Mv. Kelley has occupied with efficiency
and honor for the past fourteen yeai's. His
genial niannei-s make him popular, as well as
respected. In IS'Jl, the commissionei"s of the
Levy Court of Xcw Castle county elected ^Ir.
Kelley trciisurer of the county, which position
ho held for a short time, but was unseated by
the influence of his political oi)ponents in the
state legislatin-e. In ISDO, !Mr. Kelley was
elected on the Pepnblican ticket as contr(dler
of New Castle county, and still holds that of-
fice. He is also president of the school board
of Middletown. In bis ]uiblic positions, ^Ir.
Kelley renders the same faithful and ctficient
ser\-ices as in more private cajiacities. AVith
the banking business he is thoroughly con-
vc)-sant in every detail, through actual exjicr-
ieuce, from the sweeping of the office to the
t'oinplicatrd afi'airs of the cashier. Ho
en Jdvs the fidl confidcni-e of those eou-
nei-tcd wilh bini. He is a member of the
.huiior O. V. .\. M., of Mi.ldletown, and (,f
the A. (). P. AV.

Cicorgi' Douglass Kellcv was mari-ied in

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.i:^^.^z_w^. Jl^' Ch^^^^^^,

STATIC OF DELAWARE

507

1871, near Delaware City, Del., to Eninia-
Iciia, daiigliter of John C and Elizabeth (Key-
l)(i](l) Chirk. y\r. Clark was a farmer, now
(Jc ( ii.-ed, «jf Jved Lion hundred, and is of Imiu-
lish deseent; ^Irs. Clark was a dauyiiter of
!Major Iveyltold, of Delaware. The eiiildrcu
of Mr. and ili-s. Kellcy are: I. John C., man-
ager of a huaber establishment in iliddle-
town; II. Samuel, in the em])loy of iIe^^rri.
Strawbridge A: Clothier, of Philadelphia; III.
Florence; IV. Jnlia; V. George Douglass,
Jr.; \'I. Ennnalena. ]\Ir. Kelley and his
family are mcmbei-s of the Preshyteriau
ehureh.

GIDEON E. IIUKILL, 2, Middletown,
Del., S(in of Ciideon E. and Susannah
(^Ic^lnrphcy) llukill, was born in Ap|)0(]uiu-
imink hundred, New Castle county, Del.,
April 11, 1815.

The llukill family is of German descent
and its members are among the best citizens
of Delaware. The grandfather of Gideon I*],
llukill, 2, AVilliam llukill, was a farmer and
iand-ouner of Appoquinimiuk hundred. He
was a Democrat and a member of the JI. E.
church. He was man-ied three times, his last
wife being ]\Irs. Susan (Lykens) Staats. One
of their children was Gideon E. llukill. iMr.
llukill and his wife both died in Appoquini-
miuk hundred and were buried in the Union
^M. IC. churchyard.

Gideon E. llukill was born in 1809 on the
farm.owned by his father. His education was
received in the public schools of his district,
which, at that period, were few and presided
over, generally, l)y teachers who were not
well qualified for their duties. lie remained
on the farm with his father and followed agri-
cultural pursuits throughout his life. He was
industrious and knew the value of scientific
farming, grew large quantities of grain and
raised many head of live stock, and as a con-
sequence, acquired a large amount of real
estate, owning at his death about (300 acres of
land. In early life he voted the Democratic
ticket but when the Know-Xothing party
came into existence he cast his ballot \\nth it.
He was never an office seeker. Mr. llukill
was highly esteemed for his integrity and his
honorable dealings with his fellowmen and for
his ready charity to all deserving ones who
were in need. Ilis family relations were most
liai)])y oucs. On ]\rarcli \2, 18:^2, Gideon i;.

llukill uuuTicd Susannah, daughter of An-
drew and Hannah ]\IcJ\Iuii)h(y. Airs. llukill
was born in Appoquinimiid-c hundred; her fa-
ther was a farmer of Scotch-Irish descent.
^h: and Mrs. HukiU had children: I.
J\lar3' ('., resides with her brother (Jideon E.;
II. Hannah E.. deceased; III. AVilliam A., of
Wilmington, Del.; an auctioneer; IV. Edwin
il., of Pittsburg, an oil and gas producer ; V.
Kacliel A., deceased; VI. John F., died in
18ti7; VII. Sarah V., deceased; VI! [. Gideon
Iv, 2; IX. Laura, dcceiLsed; X. George P., of
Oil City, Pa. Air. llukill died on one of his
farms in 1850, when 47 years old. lie was
buried in Odessa, Del. ifi-s. llukill died in
Odessa in 1887, and was buried there. She
was a member of the il. I-C. church.

Gideon Iv llukill, 2, worked on the farm in
his early days and attended the public school
of lilackbird, Wyoming Seminary, Kingston,
Pa., and was graduated in 1800 from the
LT^nited States College of Hu.-iuess and Fi-
nance, Xew Haven, ( 'onn. After the coin-
pletion of his commercial course he occuiucd
clerical ]iositions in a business house of New
York and Phihuhdphia, where he remained
two yeai"S. In 1808 he joined the big army
that went to the west in search of material
advancement and settled in Omaha, Neb. He
was there but a short time and returned to
Delaware to enter the establishment of J. B.
Fenimore & Co., lumber merchants of Alid-
(lletown. ]\Ir. Fennimore's associate in bus-
iness was .Tohn F. llukill, a brother of (lideon
P., 2, who died in ISOit; (Jidcon K. succe(^lcd
him in the firm. In 1875 Air. llukill jiin--
cliased the interest of his partner and for the
jiast twenty-three yeai-s has conducted the
business under the name of G. E. llukill. Air.
llukill is an extensive dealer in hnnber, coal
and general building material, hardware,
paints, etc. The old finn, which was estab-
lished in 1860, conducted the lumber and
building material business under its firm
name. Air. llukill in 181)0 extended the busi-
ness by separating the hardware department
from the lumber and opening a branch estab-
lishment UTider the name of the "Aliddletown
Hardware House. In addition to managing
his other business interests Air. Hukill has
erected a ninnber of fine dwelling houses in
Aliddletown. He is the foremost business
man of the place, enterjirising, of shrewd com-
mercial sense, and ^^Il■cl•.-^fld and is genial and

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568

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

popular, lie is a stockliolder and director of
the ^liddletown Building and Loan Associa-
tion, luul was, at one time, its president, lie
is a lu']niLlican but has never had a desire to
hold olfice.

(iidcon E. irukiil was married, No\embcr
23, 1S70, in IMiddietown, to :\rargaret K.,
daualiter of Joshua ]}. and Sarah ((,'ollius)
llcuiniore, Ids late business associate. They
had one child, Je,-sie, a f;raduate of T)rew La-
dies' Seniinarv of Carmel, IST. Y. ili-s. IIu-
kill died in 1874 and was buried in St. Anne's
cemetery, lliddletown. ]\[r. Ilukill maiTii'd,
in ISSS, Mai'garet S., daughter of Jonathan
K. and Frances (Shallcross) A\'illiams. His
second wife was born near Odessa; her father
is a large landowner and farmer of St.
George's hundred, !New Castle county, Del.
^\v. and ifi-s. Kukill have children: I.
Emery W.; II. George R.; III. Jonathan K.;
IV. an infant. Mr. Ilukill is a member of the
!Nf. E. church, and is president of the Board of
Trustees.

IIOX. AVILLIAM PIERSOX BIGGS,

Middlctown, Del., 'son of John and Diana
(Bell) Biggs, was born on the Biggs home-
stead in Pencader hunilred, New L'astle, Del.,
January 22, 1838.

John Biggs was a native of ("ecil county,
Md., born October 12, ITSn. lie was
carefully educated in his native jjlace, learned
shoemaking, and exercised his calling for
many years, first in Maryland, and aflenvards
in Pencader hundred, Deb, whither he rc-
■ moved while he was a young man. He was
intelligent, laborious and thrifty, and having
i'.ccumidated means sufficient to p\u-chase a
farm in Pencader hundred, he turned his at-
tention to agTiculture. In this Inwincss he
was eminently successful, and as his capital
increased, he not only improved his original
]nirchase of land, but added to it, until he was
the owner of more than si.\ h\mdred acres of
Delaware land, and of a tract of about the
same extent in Cecil county, l^^d. Ilis most
j)recious posses.sion, however, was the upright-
ness and diligence, the faithfulness in ]iul>lic
and ])rivate relations, which won f(jr him cs-
ticiii and respect, wherever be was known,
cither pereonally or by reputaticni. ^fr. Biggs
was originally a snppurter of the Whig party,
but at the time when party lines wcir chang-
ing, he became a Democrat, :iiiil c.iiiiiiuicd

throngh the remainder of his life to be firmly
attached to that party. He never sought oi-
ticc. John liiggs w;is married in Pencader
hundred in dune, 1820, to Diana Bell, an ex-
cellent and intelligent lady. She was liurn
in the same hundred, Septi'mher 1, isou.
'J'lieir children are: I. Benjamin Thomas, liuru
(Jctober 1, iSi'l; H. Sewc'il Chambers, l.„ru
Sci)tember 11, ]S23; HI. John \V.,
born Xovember 21, l.s2,j, died young; IV.
Jane Elizabeth, born January 28, 1827, was
married to Bev. "W. IE Brisb'in, of the Phila-
del])liia Conference .AI. E. church, who died,
and she afterwards married Thomas Price, of
Philadelidiia; :\fr. Price is now decea.sed, and
.Mi's. Price resides in Denver, Col.; V. Charles
AV., born February (5, 1830, died young; VI.
dolin Fletcher, born November 0, 1832; VII.
Joseph, born January 1, 1834, resides in Alid-
dletown. Deb; A'lll. IJichard, born Februarv
20, 1836; IX. William I'ierson; X. :\Iary
Ann, bom A]iril 17, 1842, wife of Rev. Theo-
dore Stevens of the J'hiladelphia Conference,
resides at Pottstown, Pa.

'idle father, John Biggs, died on his farm,
January 5, 1800; his wife survived hiin until
December 14, 1877, and the remains of both
repose in the burial ground of Bethel M. E.
church, in Cecil county, ^[d. They were
faithful and honored members of the iletho-
dist communion; for nearly a life-time, ]\Ir.
Biggs occupied tlie responsible position of
class-leader.

Like othei-s of his family, William Pierson
Biggs began his youthful !-tiidies in the public
schools of Pencader hundred, and completed
them at the academy of the Xew Jei-sey Con-
ference, at Pennington, X. J. He then re-
sided on the homestead, sharing the laboi-s of
hi-i father, until he attaini'il hi~ mai<iritv;
from that time, he farmed nn his own account,
remaining ui)oii the homestead, "Locu-t
Grove," which is at the distance of a mile and
a half from Summit Bridge. In the vear
1870, :\Ir. W. P. Biggs ].urchase<l the '^\r-
Cracken farm, a tract nf 21(! acres, uimhi
which he lived fur ten years, engaged in culti-
vating cereals, rearing live stock, and raising
pea(dics. lie owns other farms also, and while
actively engaged in agricultural business, was
]iai1icularly successfid in the culture of
lieatdies, scarcely ever liaving reasen to regret
a failure in cr(i]is. \ zeabnis advocate of
Democratic ]iriuci|ile<, ]\rr, I^iggs has twice

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".'.' i \ 1 " ./I'll

STATE OF DKLAWAUE

5G9

Lccn elected on the ticket of his party to the
state legislature, in 1875 and in 18s9. lie
served as chairman of the Committee on Cor-
poration, and on other important committees,
and conscientiously endeavored tlirouglnnit
hotli terms to promote the best interests of his
native state. In 1890, lie i-eceived from his
briithei-, Gov. Biggs, the apiwintment of Clerk
of the Peace for jSTew Castle county, and for
five years performed the duties of his office
with tidelity and efficiency. Since his retire-
ment from farming in 1880, ilr. Biggs has
resided in Middletown, having built a dwell-
ing for himself which is one of the finest brick
maiisiuns in the city. He is a member of
Union Lodge No. 5, F. k A. M., of Middle-
town.

lion. William P. Biggs was married in Pen-
cader Inmdred, January 17, 18G5, to Fannie,
daughter of James and Clara C. (Peirce)
Boulder. They have had these children: I.
Fletcher A. P., died young; II. Bessie, died
young; III. JSTellie, died aged eleven years;
IV. Clara ^[., wife of (ieorge Janvier, deputy
Clerk of the Peace, of Wilmington, Del. Mr.
Biggs became a member of the ]\Iethodist
church in ISCl. "'

HON. SEWELL CHAMBERS BIGGS,
second son of John and Iiiana (Bell) Biggs,
was born in Pencader huiuli-od, New (elastic
county, Del., September 11, 1823. His el-
der brother was the late Governor, Benjamin
Ihoinas Biggs.

Seweil (.'. Biggs attended the common
schoiils of Pencader hundred, and supplement-
ed his course of studies there by a classical
course at the Pennington Seminary, New Jer-
sey Conference. After studying at that in-
stitution for three terms, ]\Ir. Biggs taught
school in St. George's hundred. New Castle
county, for three years, recei\ang as compen-
sation $70 per quarter. He then entered into
partnershi)) with his brother, the late gov-
ernor, ill the cultivation of 400 acres of the
home fiirni, which they continued for four
years. Tlie tract was then divided, ^fr. S. C.
Biggs taking alwut 180 acres, im])roving the
land, and making his home upon it for thirty
years. The Bigg-s brothers were among the
earliest cultivators of the peach in that part
of the country. Seweil C. Biggs has ren-
dered v.iriniis iin]i(irtant public sei-\-i<'es; lii

1S5C, he was elected to the state senate on the
ticket of the American party, served four
yeai-s, was re-elected, and served a second
term, very acce])tably to his constituents.
AVhile he was a member of the senate, the
three Saulsbury brothers ran for the U. S.
Senate, making an animated and difficult con-
test. In 1872, ilr. Biggs was elected to the
lower branch of the st<Ue legislature, was
chosen speaker of the House, and presided
with dignity, impartiality and courtesy. He
has, indeetl, always been noted for kindness
and urbanity. He was appointed register of
wills for New Castle county by Governor
Ponder on October 27, 1874, for the term of
five years, at the expiration of which, in 1879,
Governor Hall re-ajjpointed him for a similar
term. All these public positions ^Mr. Biggs
has filled ^vith ability and honor. He east his
first votes with the Whig party, but after the
change in party names and platforms, he be-
came a Democrat, and has ever since adhered
stanchly to the political doctrines of that
jiarty.

]\Ir. Biggs has been a resident of iliddle-
towii since 1890, when he bought a handsome
and convenient dwelling in that place, the
home of his family for the past seven years.
He is one of the most extensive landed pro-
prietors in the city, owiing 500 acres in Sus-
.■<ex county, and 800 in New Castle county.
He is a director and president of the electnc
light and water works system of Middletown,
having been appointed president for three
years, and afterwards elected for five years
additional. While lie finds time, as well as
iiiclinatiuii, to serve the borough with his
abilities as a linsiiict5S man, he is still actively
caring for his own agricultural interests, "a
])rosperous and enterprising man.

At Griggstown, N. J., in ^ray, 1854, Hon.
Seweil C. Biggs was married to Caroline,
daughter of Abrani C. Beekinan, a farmer of
that place, where ^l\&. Biggs was born. Their
children are: I. Abram II; II. J. Frank, law-
yer, of Wilmington, Del.; Seweil C, Jr., died
young; and one child that died in infancy.
-Mr. iiiggs is a meniiier of the ^^. E. church.

Abram B. Biggs, sou of Seweil C. and
Caroline (Beekman) Biggs, was born on the
homestead, in Pencader hundred. New Castle
county, Del., ]\ray 7, 1858. He was educated
in tlie public schools, Eastman Business C(j1-
lege, T'oughkeepsie, N. Y., and West Chesler-

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370

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Normal Scliool, "Weat Cheater, Ta. After
couipletiuj; liis studied, lie resumed fanning
with his father.

JOSEPH BlCiUS, J\liddleto\vu, Del., sou
of Joiiii and iJiaua (Jk'U) Bigj^s, was born uu
the Diggs homestead iu I'eiieader hiuidri'd,
-January 1, 1834.

Having been edueated in the public schools
and at Feunington Aeadeniy, N. J. Confer-
ence, Joseph Bigg's was for two years engaged
in teaching in I'encader hundred, at a salary
of seventy dollars a quarter. In 185G, at the
age of twenty-two years, he undertook the cul-
tivation of Ills father's Maryland acres, and
continued to be a citizen of Cecil county, in
that state, until 1882. lie cultivated more
than 400 acres of land, and was largely en-
gaged iu raising poaches. An enterprising
and successful farmer, J\Ir. Biggs improved
the land wliich he first cultivated, and added
to it a purchase of 225 acres additional, also
in Cecil county. In 1882, he removed to
Middletowu, Del., where he has since resided,
and is a most active and useful citizen. lie
still superintends the management of his
farms, and also of his property in real estate
in the town. In 1884, he built a fine In-ick
dwelling in Middletown, in which he resides.
He was elected in 1895 to the presidency of
the Citizens' National Bank of ^Middletown,
and conducts its affairs with honor and ability.
For four years he was commissioner of Cecil
county, j\Id. Mr. Biggs has always voted
with the Democratic party. He is a niemher
of Union Lodge, No. 5, F. & A. !M., of
!Middletowni. Mr. i>iggs enjoys general re-
spect and esteem.

Joseph Biggs was inarrietl in Saint George's
hundred. New Castle county, Del., in 1856,
to Iiuth A., daughter of Samuel and Nancy
(ilcCracken) Bothwell; her father is a far-
mer of Saint George's hundred, where ]\Irs.
Biggs was horn. Their children ai'e: I.
Samuel li., who is superintendent of a rail-
road in ^Mexico; II. Josephine; III. William
P., died wlien two years old. Mr. Biggs is a
member of the Protestant Episcopal church.

EX-GOVERNOB BENJA]\riN THOM-
AS BIGGS, P. 0. ]\Iiddlcto\vn, Del., eldest
son of John and Diana (Bell) Biggs, was born
in Pencader luindrcd. New Ca>tl(i' countv,
Del., October 1, 1821.

His early education was acquired in liio
schools of his own neighborhood, and was sup-
plemented by a coui-se at Pennington Semi-
nary, in New Jersey, an institution under the
supervision of the M. J']. Conference of that
state. For two years after ltd conqjletion, he
was a teacher, and then became a student at
the \Vebleyan University, Middletown, Conn.
Having thus obtained the culture and exjieri-
ence requisite for the development of his in-
tellectual abilities, Mr. Biggs became engaged
in farming, in which he always took great
pleasure, and was very successful, as regards
the cultivation both of cereals and of fruit.
He owned large farms in ]\Iaryland, on which
were nearly seventy thousaml very prolilic
peach-trees.

But his warm interest in the affairs of his
country, his oratorical powers, and his ability
as a leader, did not admit of his devoting his
life to the secluded pursuits of agriculture,
however useful and congenial. While still a
young man, he became active and infiueutial in
the sjjhere of politics. Like his father, he was
at first a Whig; on the ticket of that party
he was elected to the constitutional conventiun
of 1852. In 1854, his convictions led to his
acting witli the Democratic iiarty, in whose
ranks he has ever since been a prominent
worker. He was nominated for the national
House of Beprescntatives in 18G0, and de-
feated by a majority of 247; being nominated
again in 1S()8 and in 1870, he was both times
electeil, serving two consecutive terms. He
served one term, beginning in 1SS7, as gov-
ernor of the state of Delaware, having been
elected to that dignified and responsible ofiice
by one hundred and two out of one hundred
and eighty votes in the nominating conven-
tion, and by a jjopular majority of six thou-
sand one hundred and ten. Governor Biggs
was a direct<;r in the Citizens' Bank of Mid-
dletown, Del., having been elected to that po-
sition in 1SG9; in 1SG7, he became a director-
of the Queen Anne's and Kent county E. R.,
and in 1874, was elected its president. He
was always earnestly devoted to any good
cause, lending his influence and his personal
exertions to the advancement of his own com-
munity and of the country at large, and to
the execution of many philanthrupic scheim^.
Hon. Bf-ninmin T. Biggs was married, IMav
IS, lS5n, t,. :\rary S. T^eekman. of (iriggs-
town, N. J. Of their five children, the fol-

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1 .• N'l, ' I.-

STATE OF DELAWAPE

)71

lowing iiru living: I. John, a graduate of
rrincttun University, studied law wqtli Vic-
tor DuPunt, Esq., of Wilmington, was admit-
ted U> tlic bar in November, IST'J, was first
deputy attorney-general, afterwartl atturncy-
general of Delaware; II. Jennie, graduated
from the "W'esleyan Female College, Wiliuing-
ton,.Del., iu the class of 1870; HI. Willard,
a graduate of Fort Edward College, New
York, resides in ^fiddletowii, is interested iu
])eacli culture, and nianag-es the real estate of
Ids fatiier. Ex-Governor Biggs was a member
of the .Methodist Episcopal churcli at .Middle-
town.

CnAFvLES E. FERRIS, Middletown, New
Castle county, Del., son of D. liraiuerd and
Sarah B. (Frazer) Ferris, was born in Penea-
der hundred. New Castle county, Del., April
28, 1800.

Jacob Ferris, grandfather of Charles E.
Ferris, a descendant of one of the oldest fami-
lies in Delaware, was born iu Pencader hun-
dred. New Castle county. ^Mr. Ferris was a
farmer and land-owner in his native hundred;
a good citizen, and prominent in the county.
For many ^-ears he held the office of justice
of the peace in Pencader hundred, discharg-
ing his duties inomptly and etficiently. lie Avas
also state treasurer for one term. !Mr. Ferris
was a Wliig, actively interested in local poli-
tics. ,lacob Ferris was married to Susan A.
"W'haiui. Their children are: I. "William W.,
cashier of the l^aTik of Delaware Citv; If.
Charies E., M D.; III. Susan; IV. D.
Brainerd. ^Ir. Ferris and his wife were mem-
bers of the Presbyterian church. Both died
at the farm in Pencader hundred and are
buried in the cemetery of the Presbyterian
church.

ilr. Ferris' father, D. Brainerd Fen-is, was
bom on the homestead in Pencailcr hundred
in 18^;]. He attended the i)ublie schools of
the district and completed his co\irso at New-
ark Academy. Mr. Ferris devoted his atten-
tion to liu.>ibandry ajid for many years culti-
vated the homestead, a fertile farm of 230
acres, lie afterwards removed to Wilming-
ton, Del., where he remained for two years.
In 18811 Mr. Ferris was appointed head n\irse
at Farnhnrst. lie still holds this responsible
pi)siii<.ii, fulfilling his arduous duties to ilie
satisfaeti(jn of his employers, who have testi-

fied tlieir confidence in him and their apprecia-
tion of his services by retaining him in otiice.
Air. Ferris is a stanch Republican, and has
served his district in the State Legislature, at-
tending to his duties punctiuilly and etficieut-
ly. D. Brainerd Ferris was maiTied in Pen-
cader hundred. New Castle county, to Sarah
J)., daughter of John II. Frazer, a farmer of
I'cncadcr hundred, where his daughter, iMrs.
Ferris, was born. Their children are: I.
Laura, wife of C. R. Jakes, AI. D., of Wyom-
ing, Pa., deceased; II. Annie, died in youth;
III. Sue W., married Dr. C. W. Ward, of
Westminster, Md.; IV. Charles E.; V.
Frederick, died in youth; VI. Catherine,
trained nni-se at the Johns Hopkins hospital,
Baltimore, Md.; VII. 1). Brainerd, Jr., Wil-
mington, Del. ilrs. Ferris died at her home
in New Castle county, and is buried in the
cemetery of Pencader Presbyterian church.

Charles E. Ferris attended the public
schools of Pencader hundred, and was for two
years a student in Delaware College, at New-
ark, Del. Having completed his school
course, he entered the office of the P., "W. &
B. R. R., at Rirkwood, Del., to study teleg-
raphy under J. B. Afahoncy. Air. Ferris soon
became an expert operator, and was emplo3'ed
by the company at Kirkwood, and afterward
at CUayton, Del. In 1890 he received the
appointment of ticket agent and telegraph
operator for the P., W. & B. R. R., at Laurel,
Del. During the thi-ee yeai-s that he spent
in this position, Air. Ferris gave general sat-
isfaction by the prompt and efficient manner
in which he served the company and its pat-
rons. In 1893 Air. Ferris was appointed to
his lU'cscnt office, that of ticket agent and
operator at Middletown, Del. His pleasant,
courteous manner and thorough knowledge of
business make him a favoi'ife in the conunu-
nity, where he is well known aiul respected.
Air. Ferris is a I\'m(ierat. He is a meml)er of
Hope Lodge, N,.. 1, F. & A. AL, of Laurel,
Del.

Charles E. Ferris was married in 1SS9, at
St. Oeorgc's, Red Lion hundred. New Castle
county, to Caroline II., daughter of Leontine
N. anil Afary (AlcCrone) AleAVhorter. Airs.
Ferris, who is one of ten children, is of Scotch-
Irish descent, and was born on her father's
farm in Red Lion hundred. The children of
Charles E. and Caroline H. (MeWhorter)
Ferris are : I. Frederick 1!.; 11. Leon Ale-

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4111

572

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPKDIA

^Vliorter; III. Maigaiet J. Mr. Fems and
Lis wife art' Jevuut luLiiibei-s ot' tliu i'rcjby-
teiiau chiu'cli.

GEORGE LYBKAiXD TOWNSEND,

OJcs^a, Dei., sou of Sylvester Deputy and

Abigail (Layuiau) Towusend, was boru in

Xew CiXdtle hundred, New Castle eouuty,

'Del, January 2, ISU.

The Townsend family is of English origin;
those of the name who emigrated to this coun-
try were among the earliest settlers of Dela-
ware. Zadoek Townsend, grandfather of
George L. Townsend, was a farmer, a native
of Sussex county, Del., who removed to iSTew
Castle county in ISOS, and continued his ag-
ricultural labors there nntil 1S24, when he
died, and was interred in the burial ground
of the ^I. E. Chui'ch of lied Lion. lie was an
old line Whig; his upright character and just
dealings inspired all who knew him with con-
fidence and regard. Zadoek Townsend was
married in Sussex county to Mary, daughter
of S^'lvester Deputy, a well known citizen of
that county, where Mi-s. Townsend was boru.
They had children: I. Sylvester D.; II. Solo-
mon; III. Zadoek, Jr., all deceased. ^Irs.
!Mary 1'ownsend died in her native county;
Mr. Townisend afterwards married Catherine
Perrv; their children were: I. Eliza; II.
Comfoi-t; III. Mary C; IV. Helen; V.
Rachel; YL James 0.; VII. ]\[rs. Xathaniel
Young. After the death of Zadoek Town-
send, his widow married David Townsend, a
cousin of her deceased husband, and removed
with him to the eastern shore of Maryland,
where she died.

Sylvester Deputy Townsend was born Oc-
tober 5, 1801, in Sussex county, Del., received
the usual common school education, and af-
terwards shared his father's labors on the farm
until he began business for himself by renting
a farm in Xew Castle hundred, which he cul-
tivated for several years. At last, having laid
up sufficient money to purchase a farm, he
bought the tract in Pcncader hundred on
which he passed the rest of his life. He was
a diligent worker, sensible and economical,
and was respected for many good qualities. In
early life ^\t. Townsend was a Whig; he af-
terwards became a stanch supporter of the Re-
publican party; from 18G4 to 1868, he was a
conunissioner of the Levy Court. Tlie iirst
M-iff (,f Svlvester D. Townsend \\;i- :\Ir:^.

Sarah Seelby; tiiey had but one child, Sarah,
who died yuung. The niuther died in JSlew
Castle hundred, and her remains were interred
iu the cemetery of the Laptist church near
State Road, of which iMrs. Townsend was an
esteemed member. Mr. Townsend afterwards
married Abigail, daughter of Thomas and
Abigail Layman, of Chester county. Pa. She
was born in .Montgomery county, Pa., Janu-
ary 4, 181-1; their marriage took place June
25, 1H;JS. Mr. Layman had removed from
Pennsylvania to White Clay Creek hundred,
New Castle county, where he was engaged in
farming. The ciiildren of Sylvester I), and
Abigail Townsend are: I. George Lybrand;
II. Zadoek, who died in infancy. Mrs. Abi-
gail Townsend died in ^larch, 1SG2; her hus-
band survived her mitil April 0, 1872, when
he died ; botli were buried in tiie family burial
place at J\ed Lion. They were faithful mem-
bers of the il. E. church.

George L. 'J'ownsend, after attending the
conunou schools of New Castle county until
he was about seventeen years of age, became a
pupil at the Delaware ]\lilitary Academy, un-
der the principalsliip of Col. Theodore Hyatt.
Ill health prevented his enjoying the advan-
tages of that excellent institution in full meas-
ure; he ]iersevered, however, for two year^,
after which he was obliged to relinquish
study. Returning to his home, he worked
with his father on the farm until he became
of age, when he began farnung on his own ac-
count, cultivating tlie home farm, in Pencader
hundred. In 1870, he removed to the farm
of Lishop Scott, his father-in-law, in Aj^jo-
quiuimink hundred, where he remained until
1S'J2. Since that time, he has resided in
Odessa, ha\-ing purchased the nmnsion of the
late 'Squire Tatnuin, of Wilming-ton. ^Ir.
Townsend is the owner of three productive
farms, which he has highly improved, and the
cultivation of which he carefully superin-
tends. The .same industry and enteri>rise
which he disjilays in the conduct of his per-
sonal affairs, he brings to the service of any
project which he thiid<s likely to be of advant-
age to the community in which he lives. He
Avas one of the promoters of the Odessa Cream-
ery, Ls a stockholder and a director of the Com-
pany, and has been its secretary and treasurer
since 1889. Tie was also one of the origina-
tors and stocklioldcrs of the People's National
Lank of ;Mi(ldlctown, lIcL, and i^ a dirt^ctor

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.,>

STATE OF DKLAWAUi:

573

oi the coiuijany. ^Ir. Towiiseud is actively
iiiterusteJ iu state and national politics, a.s a
member of the Kepubiican party, but keeps
aloof from party strife and the squabbles of
factious, lie has beeu ehairniau of the Ke-
publicau couuty committee. In IbbO, he was
elected to the state legislature, and served with
credit. He was appointed in 189:^, under the
aduiinistration of i'resident Harrison, to the
ottice of collector of the port of Wilmington,
and fulhlled its duties ethciently. While in
this othce, j\ir. Towusend succeeded in getting
the Oil Works at Marcus Hook within the
jurisdiction of the state of Delaware, a meas-
ure which was strongly opposed. His ambi-
tion is not merely to promote the success of
his own party, which, however, he does with
the courage of his convictions, but to aet for
the best good of the community, the state, and
the whole countiy.

(Jcorge Lybrand Townsend was married
Ueccmlier 12, IStJG, in Appoquininiink hun-
dred, to Cornelia Janes, dangiiter of liev. Levi
Scott, A. iL, D. D., Bishop of the M. E.
church, and his wife Sarah A. (Smith) Seott,
the marriage ceremony being performed by
the father of the bride. The children of ilr.
and ,Mrs. Townsend are: I. Levi Scott, edu-
cated in the public schools of the neighbor-
hood, and under the private tuition of Pro-
fessor Thomas, now of California, and at the
Conference Academy, of Dover, Del., from
which he was graduated, is in the employ of
the Trust Company, Wilmington, man-ied
Xellie Dure, and has one child, Julia; TL
Sylvester I)., also educated in the ])ublic
schools, at ^[r. Thomas's excellent school, and
in the Conference Academy, is teller of the
National Bank of Delaware City; TIL
George L., Jr., education similar to that of his
brothers, is a gi'aduate of Delaware College,
now a student of law and ])rincipal of the ])ub-
lic schools of Odessa; IV. Cornelia; V. Mar-
tha; VL "William S., and VIT. Henry Scott,
are twins; VTTL ]\Lary \\.\ IX. Helen G.
!Mr. Townsend and his family are members
of the 31. E. church; ho was fur vcars a
teacher in the Sunday-school, and is at present
its superintendent; is a steward of the church,
and has filled many other congretrational of-
fices.

Hox. counrnrs w.\TKI^^s, odr-M,

D(l., son of Gassawav and Hester (MrUdii-

oiighj Watkins, was born on a farm in Saint
George's hundred, September 17, lb2'J.

'i'he \\ atkins family is of Welsh descent,
and was known among the settlers of .Mary-
land at an early date. Mr. Watkins' grand-
father, Gassaway ^Vatkins, Sr., removed from
that state to Delaware, and was a resident and
farmer of Is'ew Castle county. He married
J\lrs. Milcah (Hart) Smith, widow of Baul A.
Smith, of that county. Their children were:
1. Ga.-saway; II. Bobert; 111. dohii. Gassa-
way \\ atkins, 2, was burn on the Eastern Shore
of Maryland in 1S02; he was reared as a farm-
er, and on becoming of age, he elected to coa-
tinue in that vocation, and rented a farm in
Saint tieorge's hundred, which he cultivated
perseveringly and successfully for many years.
In IS.'JI), he added a niei'cantile enterprise in
Mcl!(inough to his agricultural business; the
un<lertaking pros])ered, and ^Ir. Watkins car-
ried it on throughout the remainder of his life.
He was the tii-st jiostmaster of McDouough,
and held that position for many years. His
j)iditical opinions were Democratic, of the
"Jetl'erson type," and as he was a man of
keen and active intelligence, never at a loss in
argument, and withal courteous and winning,
he wiehled much iuHtience, and accomplished
much for the success of his party. His educa-
tional advantages had been somewhat limited,
but he was a reader and observer, and thu3
more than compensated for that drawback,
ilr. Watkins received from President Polk,
in 1848, the ajipointment of collector of the
port at Port Penn, Del. He was a memlicr
of the Levy Court of Xew Castle. In 1874:,
he was elected tre^isnrer of Xew Castle county,
and served so efliciently as to afford general
satisfaction. Gassaway Watkins, 2, was mar-.
ried to Hester, datighter of Patrick ^IcDon-
ough, and cousin of C^onmiodore ^fcDouougli,
of the U. S. Xavy. They had thc^e children:
L Amanda, resides in Philadel]ihia; II. Co-
lumbus; TIL CiU'oline, also of Philadelphia.
Some years before his death, ^Ir. Watkins,
who had been reared in the ilcthodist church,
became a member of the Presl)yterian commu-
nion. He died April 16, 1877; his wife died
in IS — ; both were interred in the burial
ground of Drawver's cliurch. l^Irs. Gassaway
^Vafkins was a lady of superior intellect and
attainments, who not only su|iorintended the
eiluenfion of her children, l)ut liei-self impart-
ed to llieni in-trueti(>n in the hii^hcr branches.

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574

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Culuiiibus Watkins, therefore, altkuugli
Lis bcliool advantages were only siieh as were
ationled by the public schools of his ueighbor-
hooU, became through his mother's exertions
and his own, a well educated man. liefore he
was sixteen years old, he had assisted his
father in his store; at that a^e he obtained a
position as clerk in the general mercantile es-
tablishment of Polk & IJeaston, of Odessa.
lie entered their store in April, iSiti, and
eoutiuued in their employ until he attained
his majority, in 1850, when he purchased the
interest of J\lr. Polk, and the firm name was
changed to lieaston cV; \\'atkins, general mer-
chants and grain dealers. This conucctiou
lasted until 18(lo; j\lr. Watkins then bought
j\lr. Eeaston's interest in the business, and
continued it in his own name until llS^SO, when
he sold it to his son, Frank 13. Watkius, who
is still sole proprietor. Messrs. lieaston A:
AVatkins were the owners of several sloops and
other vessels wliich conveyed grain, lumber,
staves, coal, et(,'., to Philadelidiia, Xew York
and Poston, returning witli cargoes of mer-
chandise. Their trade in grain was csjieeially
large, even for Odessa, whicli was then one
of the prineijjal siiipping ])orts for grain on
the middle Atlantic coast. In 1880, in part-
nership with his sons, ]\[r. AVatkins embarked
in the canning business; it was the first enter-
prise of that nature begun in Odessa, and the
plant cost over $4,000. In this establishment,
known as the AVatkins Packing Co., all kinds
of fruit are put up, besides tomatoes, corn, etc.
Since 1S82, llr. AV^atkins has given the busi-
ness his personal supervision, lie was the
first to introduce regular conununieation by
steam between Odessa and Philadelphia; the
CIto, an Ericsson steamer of 117 tons burden,
was built by his orders in 1878, at a cost of
$15,000, and has ever since plied between
this city and the great Pennsylvania port, con-
veying both passengers and freight, and great-
ly promoting the business interests, not alone
of Odessa, but of all the surrounding country.
The Odessa National Bank owes its establish-
ment largely to ]\rr. AVatkins' efforts; he is a
stockholder, and for twenty years has been a
director of the i)ank; he is now its vice-presi-
dent. He is also one of the promoters and
stockholilers of the Odessa Creamery Co. j\Ir.
AVatkins, as a keen and ])rogressive business
man, has been identified with all schemes for
the imiu-ovenicnt of the'tuwu and the hun-

dred, lie has always been a Democrat, is a
believer in sound money, and utterly opposetl
to "free silver." In 181)^, he was elected on
the Democratic ticket to the state legislature,
and served faithfully and well, acting on sev-
eral important cnnnuittees.

lion. Colundnis Watkins was married, !May
2'J, 1855, to I'rances P., daughter of John
AVhitby, a merchant of Odessa, Mrs. AVatkins'
native town. Their children are: 1. Lydia
I', (ilrs. llichard J. Foard), whose hiisbaud
is a contmission merchant of New York and
Paltimore; II. Frank Blackiston, general mer-
chant, Odessa, married ^lary Brady; III.
(\)luml)us, Jr., of Philadelphia; lA''. John
AVliitby, manager for the Brady Steamboat
Co., of Smyrna, Del. ]\Ir. AVatkins and his
family are membei's of the Presbyterian
church.

IIENBY CLEAVER, Port Penn, Del., son
of Joseph and C'atharine (I3iddle) Cleaver,
was born in Port Penn, St. Ceorge's hundred,
New Castle county, Del., December 19, 1847.

Ilis anccstoi-s were of the Society oc
Friends, and came from England many years
ago. They were annjug the earliest settlers
of Port Penn. Peter Cleaver, great-grand-
father of Henry Cleaver, was born in Penn-
sylvania; in his later life he removed to Sa-
lem county, N. J., and in the beginning of the
eighteenth centtiry came to Delaware with his
son AVilliam and settled on a farm near Port
Penn, where he died, lie was engaged in ag-
ricultiu'al jnirsuits his eiitire life. Mr. Cleaver
because of his religious belief, took no part
in the colonial wars, but strove to proniuto
peace. He was an upright man and a friend
to all who needed material assistance or asked
for counsel. He was buried in t!ie Friends'
Hickory Crove cemetery.

AVilliam ( 'leaver, .-on of Peter Cleaver, was
a native of Pennsylvania, and removed with
his father to Salem county, N. J. Later he
ptirchased a tract of land near Port Penn and
began farming there. He remained on his
farm until he was advanced in years, and then
became a resident of Port Penn, where he
spent his remaining days quietly. He was a
man of large and impressive presence, of un-
assuming disposition, \ipright character and
much ])optdarity. He was a AVhig, but never
Sought office. AVilliam ('leaver was twice
married. His fir^t wife was Ann Criia', of

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STATE OF DELAWARE

575

Salem county, N. J. They had children: I.
John; II. Joseph; III. George; lY. William;
V. Isaac; VI. a daughter, who died in in-
fancy. All the children are deceased. Ilia
■wife died on the farm near Port I'enn, and
was buried in Hickory (irove cemetery. ]\lr.
Cleaver's se(?ond wife was Elizabelii (hicr,
sistcr,of his first spouse. They had one cliiid,
Thomas, M'ho is dead. JIi-s. Cleaver also died
on the farm and was buried in Hickory (Srove
cemetery.

Joseph Cleaver, father of Ileniy Cleaver,
was bom on the farm near Port Penn, Sep-
tember 10, 171)7, am\ received a fair educa-
tion. He was essentially, however, a seU'-edn-
cated man and was a mathematician of more
than ordinary skill. He was reared on tiie
farm, and when he attained his majority began
a successful mercantile business in Port Penn.
lie continued in this for nearly forty years,
dealing largely in grain, lumber, etc., and
chartering vessels for the shipment of his
merchandise to the New England markets.
His time and energies were always actively
employed. In 1835 he erected a fine brick
dwelling house and store in Port Penn; he
owned a farm of 400 acres in St. (ieorge's
hundred, on which he made many improve-
ments; was one of the foundei-s and charter
members of the Delaware City JSTational I'ank,
a large stockholder and a director in that insti-
tution, and a i)romoter of and stockholder in
the Odessa (now Cantwell) Insurance Com-
pany of Odessa. He was ]X)stmaster of Port
Penn for several years and gave general sat-
isfaction by the administration of his office.
He was universally respected for his integrity
-of character, his upright dealings, straightfor-
wardness, kindly disposition and well-trained
business instinct. He was a Whig but never
participated in political controvei-sies or con-
tests, giving his time wholly to business af-
fairs. Joseph Cleaver married, in St.
George's hundred, Catharine, daughter of
Samuel Piddle. Mrs. Cleaver was born near
!McDonough, St. George's hundred. Her fa-
ther was a native of ^laryland and a well-
known farmer and stock grower. i[r. and
Mrs. Cleaver had children: I. Charles, died
in boyhood; II. Ann, died in childhood; III.
Samuel, died in 1887; IV. Charles, dieil in
boyhood; Y. Joseph, 2, farmer of St. George's
hundred; YI. Angelina (]\Irs. James ]\1. \an-
dearift); YII. SaraliB.; YIII. Eliza (Mrs.

Henry D. Hall), of Philadelphia; IX. Julia
F., widow of Cliarles S. Poyd, of Philadel-
phia; X. Henry, ilr. C'leaver was a member
of the Society of Friends. He died June 23,
1858, in Port Penn and was buried in Hickory
Grove cemetery. His wife and cliildren were
mcndiers of the Presbyterian church. ilrs.
Cleaver died in I'ort Penn, June 23, 1S5S,
and was buried in Hickory Grove cemetery.

Henry Cleaver attended the public schools
of Poi't Penn, the Delaware City Academy,
and a private school in Philadelphia. After
completing his education in these institutions
he engaged in the mercantile business, and in
18(39 after the death of his father and brother
Samuel Cleaver, succeeded to the manage-
ment of their extensive enterprises. For
nearly thirty years, he has dealt extensively in
grain, coal, etc., and has conducted all his
ventures with fair success. In 1873 Mrs.
Cleaver was elected a director of the Delaware
City National Hank, and in July, 1889, was
chosen president of that institution, which im-
portant ])osition he has filled with much credit
to himself and profit to the bank. . He was
appointed postmaster of Port Penn in 1872,
and for the ]iast cpnirter of a centui-y has
given entire satisfaction to all the patrons of
the office and to the government. Mr. Cleaver
is a Pepublican, and a sincere believer in his
jarty and its platforms. He has never mar-
ried. He is a member of the Presbyterian
church, and libranan of the Sunday school,
and devotes much of his time to church work.
He is of unassuming manner, but is honored
by all for his excellence of character, a herit-
age well maintained, which descends from a
long line of wortiiy ancestors.

GEORGE W. DUNCAX, Port Penn,
Del., son of James and Susan (Kelly) Duncan,
was born in Xew Castle, New Castle county,
Del., August 18, 18-1-9.

His parents were born in Ireland, and were
of Scotch-Ii-ish descent. His father was a na-
tive of Tyrone, Ireland, where he was born
October 19, 181C, and where he received his
early education. James Duncan came to
America in a sailing vessel in 1832, and land-
ed in Philadeli)liia. He learned carpentry
under "William ]\lcArthur, and remained with
him until he attained his majority. After
working at his trade for several years in Piiil-
adclpliia, he rcnu.jved to Y'ilinington, Del. A

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570

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

few yeai-s later lie became proprietor of the
Green Tree Hotel, at Kisiiig Sun, on the
Brandywine creek, and later took charfie of
tlio Market Street hotel, on ifarket street,
Xew Castle. ilr. Duncan relinipiished the
hotel business after a time, and i-eturned to
"Wilmington, where he resumed his trade, and
carried it on for eiglit yeai-s. In ISjT he went
back to New Castle and helped in the con-
struction of the county jail. In 1858 he was
employed on Fort Delaware under General
Newton, and was the last workman dis-
charged. His work there done, he once nujie
made New Castle his home, and resided there,
• — actively engaged all the while, — until his
death, October 1, 1890. He was a highly re-
spected citizen, was well posted on the leading
questions of the day, and was remarkaltly well
vei-sed in Bible history. He was a member of
the A. F. and A. M. ]\rr. Duncan's first
vote was cast in 1840 for Van Buren, and he
M'as always afterwards a consistent Democrat
and an able exponent of the party's prineijilcs.
It was a matter of nuieh regret to him that he
couM not live to vote for ^V. J. P.ryan ("'the
poor man's candidate," he delighted in calling
him) for president, in 189C. James Duncan
was married at the United States hotel, in
"Wilmington, to Susan, daughter of James and
Mary Kelly, of Frankford. j\[rs. Duncan was
born in Donegal, Ireland. They had nine
children: I. Jane (Mrs. Henry McPike); II.
Maggie, died young; III. George AV. ; IV.
James, plasterer, died in 1895; V. Mary, died
in 1882; VI. John, plasterer, of New Castle;
VII. ]\Iaggie; VIII. William, biick-mason ;
IX. Agnes, at home. Mrs. Duncan is still
living at New Castle. Mr. Duncan was in
his early life a Presbyterian, but later becam.;
a member of the Catholic church. His body
v.-as buried in St. Peto/s 11. C. churchyanl,
New Castle.

George W. Duncan was educated in the
public schools of "Wilmington and New Castle,
in the latter by "W. F. Lane. He early secureil
em])loyment and worked first for the P., W.
& B. R. R. for a short time. At the ago of
seventeen he shipped as a sailor on the
revenue cutter W. II. Seiuard. After eigh-
teen months' trial, he gave up a sea-faring life,
and learned carpentry under Capt. G. H.
Jameson, with whom he remained until he
was twenty-one years of age, after which he
continued for eighteen months to woik at his

trade. In 1879 he obtained a berth on the
receiving ship Ercuikfurl, at A'^ewport N^ewi
navy yard, and was afterward transferred to
the tug-boat Fortuna. On this vessel, how-
ever, he did not remain long, but returned to
his trade, and continued at it until 1885. In
that year he was appointed by Charles S.
Fairchild, secretary of the treasury, as keeper
of the Front Bange light-house at Port Penn.
He still retains that position, which he has
tilled to the greatest satisfaction of the gov-
ernment and of sea-faring people.

Naturally a mechanical genius, possessing
a personal knowledge of the dangers that are
always near those who ''go do\\ai to the sea in
ships," an energetic and conscientious em-
I)loyee, he takes keenest pleasure in making
improvements to his station and in having bis
beacon always burning brightly when it is
needed for the guidance of the mariner. He
is an unfailing supjiorter of the Democratio
party.

On October 27, 1870, George W. Duncan
was married to Annie P., daughter of James
and Fmma (Chase) Duncan, of New Castle.
Their children are: I. 'J'homas P., inspector
of dredges in the Delaware river; IT. Alfred,
died young; III. Emma (Mrs. John Gam), of
Augustine Pier; IV. George, at home; V.
Ifalloy, died yonng; VI. Susan A.; VII. Wil-
liam Herbert; VIII. James; IX. Irwin S. Vi.;
X. "William Horsey, died in 1882.

JOHN COWGILL COBBIT, P. O.
Odessa, Del., eldest son of Daniel and Eliza
(Naudain) Corbit, was born in Odessa, Jan-
nary 20, 1830.

His great-great-grandfather, Daniel Corbit,
was a very early settler in the state of Dela-
ware. He was born in Glasgow, Scotland, in
the seventeenth century. On his an'ival in
America, he went fii-st to "West Chester, Ches-
ter county. Pa., where he became engaged in
farming. He married Miss Brinton, and
about 1710 or 1715, removed to Delaware,
and resided near Odessa, on the banks of .\p-
poqnininiink creek, where he bought and ijn-
proved a very extensive tract of land; it meas-
ured about 1,000 acres. He had several chil-
dren, Bev. William P. Corbit, a learned and
eloquent preacher of the ^\. E. church in New
York was his grandson. A son, Daniel, 2, was
the great-grandfather of John C and Daniel
W. ( 'orbit, of Ode-a. The first Daniel ( 'or-

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STATU OF Di: LAW ABE

577

bit was Imried in the Irieiuls' cemetery at
Odessa, tlieu Cautwell Bridae, lie being a
member of that Society.

Daniel f'oibit, 2, ua." born at the honie-
stt-ad on the banks of the A7)i)oquininiink, and
followed the same calling as his father's, be-
ing a large land owner, and not only enl(i\at-
ing the soil, but raising cattle and other stock.
],ike his father, he was a Friend, anil dying on
the farm, was buried in the cemetery of the
Society at Odessa.

Jlis son, AVilliain Corbit, was Ijorn on the
banks of the Schuylkill, near riiiladelphia,
Xovember 10, 1745. lie received a good edu-
cation in Philadelphia, and firet became a
farmer, but later removed to Odessa, where he
opened one of the first tanneries in that vicin-
ity. In 177o, he built in Odessa a tine brick
uiansion of the Englisli, now called colonial,
style; the work on this dwelling was done by
an English contractor, named Robert May, at
a cost of 1500 pounds sterling. This substan-
tial building, still in good preservation, is now
the residence of Daniel ^V. t'orbit, grandson
of its original projirietor. "William C'urblt
was an active man of business, and added a
mercantile enterprise to his other occupations.
lie was three times married. His tii-st wife
M'as !Mary Pennell, a lady of English descent;
their only child, Pennell Corbit, manied a
daughter of Governor Clark. The first ]\Irs.
Corbit died, and was intended in the Fnends'
burial ground at Odessa. The second wife of
AVilliam Corbit was Sarah Fisher, also of Eng-
lish ancestry, who was a rilative of llun. John
]M. Clayton and of Judge George P. Fisher.
The only olTspring of this marriage was Wil-
liam F. Corbit, who became prominent as a
merchant of Odessa. After the death of Mrs.
Sarah Corbit, Mr. Corliit married Mary,
daughter of John Cowgill, "the Martyr
Quaker of Little Creek." Their child icn
were: I. John C; II. Daniel; III. Thomas,
deceased; lY. Mary, deceased; V. Sarah,
married Presley Spruance, of Delaware, U.
S. Senator, and father of Judge Spruance.
"William Corbit died August 1, 1S18; his re-
mains and those of his wife M'ere interred in
Odes^a.

'J'hcirson, Dauiel Corbit, bom on the banks
of the Schuylkill river, October 2, 1790, was
about five years old when his father removed
his family to Cantwell's liridge, nuw Odi'--a.
The voiith received a thorough edueatidn in

the school luidcr the auspices of the Society
of Friends, in Smyrna, Del. At the age of
sixteen, he became a clerk in the store of his
brother, William F. Corbit, of Odessa, with
wli..m he reuiaiiu-d until he wa? twenty-one
years of age. He then purchased the tannery
at Cantwell's Bridge, and conducted it pro.s-
perously until 1S50. Having bought SCO
acres of land in Appoquininiink and Saint
George's hundreds, he relinquished his tan-
ning business, and devoted his attention to
agriculture, but more particularly to raising
peaches, in which he was very successful; he is
counted among the pioneers in peach culture
in that section of the state. Mr. Corbit's
sound judgment and intelligence, coupled
with what is called "good common sense," ren-
dered him very serviceable to his neighbors
and friends in nuUtei-s of business. He was
frequently consulted, and was usually called
iqion to write such legal documents as were
needed by the townsmen, which he did in a
clear, lawyer-like style. For many years he
was director of the Bank of Smyrna. He was
first a supporter of the Federalist party, was
afterwards a "Whig, and later a Republican.
He was a member of the constitutional con-
vention of 1852, and several times represented
his district in the state legislature. The nom-
ination for governor was several times ten-
dered to him, but always absolutely refused.
Daniel Corbit was married in 1833 to Eliza,
daughter of Andrew and Rebecca (Snow)
Xaudain, and sister of Hon. Arnold Naudain,
:M. D. She was born in Leipsic, Kent county,
Del. (A sketch of the Xaudain family ap-
jiears elsewhere in this work.) Their chil-
dren are as follows: I. John Cowgill; II.
Louisa A., widow of Captain Charles Corbit,
of the Delaware Cavalry, who was a distant
cousin; HI. Daniel, died when four years old;
iy. William Brintou, 'M. D., graduate of Jef-
fei-jon [Medical College, was for a long time in
the Surgeon General's Department, in Wash-
ington, D. C, and died in that city in July,
1SS2; V. Daniel Wheeler, of Odessa. Mrs.
Eliza Corbit died in Odessa, in Decendier,
1 844. Her character was one of peculiar love-
liness, and she was equally admired for her re-
tinement and her intellectual actjuirements.
Mv. Corbit, in A])ril, 1847, married his dis-
tant cousin, !Mary AVilson, daughter of David
A\'ilson, a prominent merchant of 0<lcssa.
Their only child is ^lary, wife of E. Tatnall

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o7S

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Warner, of Wilmington, Del. ^Nlary (.'orbit
survived lier liusband three years, dyiiii;-
Jlarch 21, 18S0; she was one who inspired af-
fectidii in all mIio came in contact with lar,
hy her gentleness and kindly consi(h>ratioii,
even for strangei-s. She was at the same time
nnnsiially intelligent and cultured. Daniel
C'orliit's death took place in ^lay, 1877. lie
was a strict adherent to the doctrines and cu.s-
toms of the Friends, and a man of great lienev-
olence and of very noble character.

John C. Corbit, eldest son of Daniel ('orbit,
Avas educated in a private school in Odessa,
taught by !Miss Oowgill ; at Wcsttown
Friends' School, in Chester county, Pa.; and
iit Ilaverford College, ^Montgomery county.
Pa. His education completed, he devoted his
attention to fanning and fruit culture, with
abundant success. He is a very large landed
proprietor, owning about 1500 acres in Appo-
quinimink and Saint George's hundreds, on
which he has made extensive improvements.
His possessions inchule the tract originally
owned by FJaniel Corbit, the pioneer of the
family in Delaware, on the banks of the Ap-
poquinimink creek. A farmer who, like ilr.
Corbit, brings science and intelligence to bear
upon agricultural methods, cannot fail to be
of the greatest sen-ice to the neighborhood in
which he lives; and the examples of the value
of improved modes of cultivation introduced
by him, have done much to increase the pro-
ductiveness of the county. 'Mr. Corbit is a
director and stockholder of the Xew Ca.stle
County Xational Bank, and Mas elected pres-
ident of the board, Octolx>r :?(i, after many
yeai-s' ser\'ice as vice-president. He is also
president of the Cantwell Mutual Insurance
Company; he has an interest in both compan-
ies. Mr. Corbit is a worthy successor of his
respected ancestry, a man of strong moral con-
victions, of blameless life and of great ability.
He is of a kindly and generous <lisposition, ge-
nial and courteous. Without seeking or desir-
ing office, he is a decided IJepublican.

John Cowgill Corbit was married at Holy
Trinity church, Pliiladelphia, ISI^ovember 30,
1859, to Emily P., daughter of Alexander and
Ann Alee (Hoffecker) Petei-son; she is a na-
tive of Philadel])liia. Their children are : I.
Alexander P., farmer, at home, was educated
in the public schools of Odessa, and at Haver-
ford College, of which institution ho is u
graduate; II. Daniel, whose education was

similar to that of his brother, is also a farmer,
and at home; III. John ('., Jr., of Philadel-
jihia, shared the same educational advantages
as those of his brothers.

The Peterson family is of Swi'di.sh origin,
and came among the carlier-t settlers of the
state of Delaware. Israel Peterson, the
grandfather of ^Irs. Corbit, was born in Kent
comity, Del., where also he lived and die^l.
He nuirried ^largaret, daughter of John Cook,
liigh sheritr of Kent county under the Engli-h
crown. Their children were: I. John; II
.Henry; III. Margaret; IV. Elizabeth; V.
]\lary; VI. Alexandi^r. All the family are now
deceased, and tlieir bodies are intcHTcd in
the family burial place in the Odd Fellows'
cemetery at Smyrna, Del. Alexander Peter-
son, youngest child of Israel Petei-son, was
bom near Smyrna in Kent county, ^Man/h K),
1796, was educated in subscription schools,
obtained a position as clerk in Smyrna at the
age of fourteen, and afterwards for a number
of years held the same position in the store of
Thomas Kelly, in Philadelphia. From that
city he returned to Smyrna, where he and his
brother John o|)ened a tanyard. In 18.'57, he
opened a tanyard on Front street, in Philadel-
jihia, still retaining his interest in the Smyrna
tannery. Several yeai-s later, Mr. Peterson
opened a leather store in William street, Phil-
adelphia, which he continued until his death,
which occurred in Philadidphia, in 1869. He
was first a Whig, and afterwards a Pepubli-
can, but was not active in political affairs.
Alexander Peterson was nuirried in Smyrna,
Del., to Ann Alee, daughter of Henry and
Sarah (Alee) HofFecker; she was of French
and Clerman descent, and was born in Kent
county in 1801. Their children are: I. Sarah;
II. MiU-garet Cook, deceased; III. ]\Iary
Emory, deceased; IV. John, who died at the
home of his sister, Mrs. Corbit, in 1S95; V.
Emily P. (^Irs John C. Corbit); VI. Ann,
deceased, ilrs. Peterson died in Philadelphia
in 1889, and she, as well as her liusband, was
buried in the cemetery of the I. O. O. F. at
Synirna. • The family stands high in the com-
munity, adding to the "claims of long descent"
the more substantial claim of many excellent
personal qualities.

DAISHEL WHEELER (^ORBIT, Odessa,
Del., son of Daniel and Eliza (Naudain) Cor-
bit, was born ]\Iarch 7, 1843. Having re-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

579

ceived Lis primary education in home schools,
he was sent at the age of twelve to the Friends'
boarding-school at "W'esttown, Pa., then under
the supervision of Sanuul Alsop; there he
studied fur three years, and then in the
Friends' school in Wilmington, Del., for one
year. lie nnide his final preparation for col-
lege at Delaware t'ity, Del., and w;ls admitted
to th5 sophomore class of llaverford College
in ISGO. After entering the senior class, he
wa.s obliged to relinquish the remainder of
liis course, and to return home, on account of
the absence of his brother-indaw, Capt.
Charles Corbit, then in the Union army. ^Ir.
Corbit began farming, but on July 11, ISG-t,
he enlisted in Company B, of the Delaware
Emergency Regiment, uniler Col. Henry, for
nine months, in the ranks. After doing duty
for thirty daj's, the regiment was discharged
near Xew Castle, and ilr. Corbit returned to
his agricultural interest/, giving much time
and attention to his peach orchards, which
were very extensive and thriving, lie is
warndy interested in all local enterprises, and
is a I'epuidiean of strong convictions. As has
been said earlier, his home is in the old his-
toric family mansion.

Daiuel AV. Corbit was married October 13,
1870, at Saint George's, Del., to ]\[ary Clark,
daughter of Anthony ]\I. Iliggins, of Xew
(^astle county, and sister of lion. Anthony
Iliggins, of the IT. S. Senate. She is a great-
granddaughter of Goveruiir Clark. 'J'he chil-
dren of ^Ir. an<l ]\Irs. Corbit are: I. Sara
Clark, wif(! of F. W. Curtis, paper manufac-
turer, of Newark, Del.; II. Louisa Xandain.
!Mr. Corbit is an elder, and has been trustee
and treasurer, of Drawyer's church, having
united with the Presbyterian communion in
ls75. He is a man of exemplary Christian
life.

WILLI Ail FISHER CORRTT, of Odessa,
Del., deceased, half brother of Daniel CoiTiit,
was the son of AVilliam and Sarah (Fisher)
C'orbit. He received a good practical educa-
tion, an<l became a merchant, taking
a ])rominent part in the business atfairs
of Odessa. He was also a gentleman
of literary taste and ability, wrote well
in prose and in verse, being gifted Avith
a ]io(tic talent, in which he has few rivaU in
the state. William F. Corbit was marrii.d in

Smyrna, Del., to Rhoda Da\'is, sister of Judge
Davis. Their only child was James Corbit,
il. D., wdio died in 1840. Dr. James Corbi:
founded a public library in Odessa, which was
the first free library in the state, and which
is now nniintained by the Corbit family, ilrs.
William F. (^orbit died in Odessa, where her
husband also died; their remains rest in the
Friends' burying ground at that place.

Thk Eagle and His Rival.

By Wm. Fisher Coruit, I8t,'>.

Thrt giant eagle soared on high
Into the regions of the sky.
Dashed through the clouds,
And on the highest mountain sat,
And said, "Here then I stand,
Head of my kingdom ; who shall fly
To this sublime untrodden land.

Who can approach me y'
"I,'' said a small voice ; he hmked around
And spied at\ earth-worm on the ground.

"We rivals— so !
How earnest thou here?" the eagle called.
"I y from below.'' 'And how then here?"'

■■Icnndair
Ye Ministers and Generals,
Ye Chancellors and Cai'dinals,
Laureates and Lawyers— all.
Who oeeupy those seats on high.
Come now and tell us. did you l!y.

Or did you ciuid '
'Tis really odd, how oft one traces
Mere crawlers to the loftiest [ilaces 1

WILLIA]\I ERINTOX CORBIT, M. D.,
son of Danitd and Eliza (Xandain) Coj'bit,
was born in Odessa, August 2, lS-10. He was
educated in jmblic .schools. Friends' School, of
AVc.ittown, Pa., and Hayerf<ird College, and
obtaincil his nicdii-al course in Jefferson Col-
lege, fi'Ciui which he was graduated in 1803.
He was appointed to Rlockley Hospital for one
year. For two yeare he was a Surgeon in the
U. S. Army, and at the close of the war went
to Europe, and continued his studies in Ber-
lin, Vienna and Paris. After returning to
his native land, he began practice at Phila-
delphia, his residence and office being on
X'orth Broad street. In 1870, Dr. Corbit was
married to Virginia Dove, daughter of I3r.
Dove, a well known physician, of Washing-
tun. After his marriage he removed to Wash-
ington and became assistant to Dr. Wood-
ward, of the ifedical Department, U. S. A.,
and continued in this position up to the date
01 his death, July, 18S2. His widow resides
in Washington.

His will vcycd to his wife $10,000, to

be ajiplicd at licr death to the Corbit Library,.

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580

BIOGnAPTIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ol Odc'S&a. Tlic doctor was a liiii;uist, ii lover
of books and one of the foimders of the C'oiiiios
Club, of rhiladelpliia.

JIKinUTT NOXON WILLITS, P. 0.
iliddletown, Del., sou of Horatio Kelson
and Elizabeth Noxon (Merritt) "Willits, was
was born on the old Noxon farm, afterward
■i<nown as Walnut Landing Farm, in St.
iJcorge's hundred, near Middlctown, Septem-
ber 5, 1847.

1"he AVillits family was for many genera-
tions resident in England. We find the
branch, of which Menitt Noxon AVillits is
a member, residing in 1657, at Hempstead,
Long Island. The family was of tlie Society
of Friends, its members good citizens, indus-
trious, upright and peaceable, both in their
native country and in America.

Thomas Willits, grandfatlier of MeiTitt
Willits, was bom near Tuckerton, jST. J.,
and received a good education, the Friends
being always cai-eful to secure thi^ advantage
to their children. lie became a fanner, and
continued to reside near Tuckerton until ho
was about sixty-five years of age.

In 1S39, having a strong desire to share the
advantages of what was then the far West, he
went to La Porte, Ind., where he resided until
his death. For the first two years after his
migration to Indiana, ilr. AVillits continued
the pui-suit of fanning, finally retiring from
active life. He was, in his early manhood a
Federalist, and on the fonnatiou of the Whig
party, naturally gravitated into its ranks.

Thomas Willits was manied at Tuckerton,
New Jeivey, to his second wife, who was the
daughter of his fatliei-'s brother, James
Willits, of Little Egg Harbor. Their cliil-
dren were: I. Horatio Nelson; It. James
11., if. 1)., of Fredonia, Ka.s. ; IIL Hannah,
married AVilliam Ilolman, JL IJ., of La Porte,
Ind.; IV. ^Martha, mamed Asa C. Ividgway,
of La Porte, Ind. ; V. Phebe, married Allen
I\. Pharo, of Philadelphia; VI. Louisa, nmr-
ried Isaac Ilolman, of Ivochester, Ind.; VI f.
[Marietta, mavrie<l George Andei"son, of Chi-
cago; VIII. Henry, of California.

Thomas Willit^s died at La Porte, Ind., in
1S7(], at the age of seventy-two. The death
of his wife occurred at the same place, in 1 SSI ,
when she was in her ninety-third year. Thcv
were both life-long Friends.

Horatio Nelson Willits, the eldest of the

children, was born near Tuckerton, December
15, 1801), and was named in honor of tlu> la-
mented victor of the then recent ijattle of Tra-
falgar. He first attended school in his own
neighl>orliood, and principally in the winter
months, as he assisted on ids father's farm
during the busy season, liy his own efforts,
he afterwards supplied many of the deficien-
cies in his early education. At the age of fif-
teen, he became apprenticed to his uncle,
Joseph Ikrtlett Willits, of PTiiladelphia, a
well known contractor, builder and architect.
Having completed his apprenticeship and
reached his majority, he entered into partner-
ship with his brother-in-law, Allen A. Pharo,
of Pliiladeliihia, for the pin-pose of being edu-
cated as a builder. They erected many pri-
vate dwellings as well as public buildings,
among them tiie Noble street Friends' ^feet-
iughouse, and the Asylum for the Blind.
The partnership lasted until 1842. Mr. Wil-
lits then continued the business alone for a
short time, after which he removed to Balti-
more and was for a year engaged in the manu-
facture of umbrellas.

In 184G, he settled on the Maple Grove
fann, a part of the tract which came into his
wife's family by conveyance from AVilliam
Penn. This farm Mr. AVillits cultivated until
1870. In 1847, he built a commodious dwell-
ing on this property. From 1870 till 1880,
he was one of the most extensive dealere in
and producers of peaches on the peninsula.
His own trees were very numerous and pro-
ductive; at one time he had forty thousand
in bearing. During the year 1888, Mr. AVil-
lits purchased a peacdi evaporating factory
in Middlctown, from which were turned out
large quantities of fruit. In this year he re-
tired from business at the age of seventy-
nine. Mr. AVillits was an active and
thorough business man, a stockholder and di-
rector of the New Castle county National
]>ank, of Odessa, and one of the oldest mem-
bei-s of its board. He was connected in the
same way with the CantwcH Fire Insurance
Company. To these positions, his son, Afer-
ritt Noxon A\'illits, has succcede<l. i'ojiti-
cally, ]\lr. AVillits was a AVhig, and decid-d
in his ojipositiou to slavery, espousing the
cause of the Union, and contributing lilierally
from his means for its maintenance.

On April 1, 1840, Horatio Nelson AVillits
was man'ied the second time to Elizabeth

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'•'. . II

STATE OF DELAWARE

581

A'o.xoii, dauiiliter of Tlioiuas Scheu and Mary
I'axstui (Noxoii) Merritt. Slie wa^ Lorn in
AVihiiiiii^tun, Delaware, -March 7, ISiij.
Their eiiikh'eii were: 1. ilerritt -Xo.xou; 11.
Horace C, died iu infancy; 111. (!lareuce
Douglas, who also died very young, ilr. Wil-
lits was, prior to his marriage, a Friend, after
which he became a nieniher of St. Anne's
I'rotfstant Episcopal church at iliddletown,
of which he has for many yeai-s L)een senior
warden. Both lie and his wife i^till li\e on
the old homestead.

!MeiTitt Noxon Willits, the eldest son, be-
gan his education at St. Anne's rectory,
taught by Rev. II. Harold, then studied at
tlie ^liddletown Academy; afterward at-
tended boarding school at AVest Chester, Pa.,
under Professor Myei-s; ;uid finally pursued
his coni-se of study under Ivev. Dr. ('Icmp-
son, at Claymont, Del. He had now begun
preparation for the study of the law, when
his eyes becoming seriously aifected, he \vas
compelled to lay aside liis life's choice. He
returned home, but enjoyed five years' in-
struction under private tutors, among whom
were ilr. Sliarer, a Confederate prisoner then
on parole, and the Rev. James H. Brooks,
now of Oil C'ity, Pa.

After completing his education, !Mr. Wil-
lits took charge of the Maple Grove farm, and
continued actively engaged in agricultural
pursuits until 1892. He was interested for
yeai-s with his father in peach culture, and
is still extensively engaged in fruit raising, be-
sides supei'intending the cultivation of about
eight hundred aci'es of land in St. George's
hiiii(li-cd. Mr. Willits has the excellent busi-
nc" qiuilifications of enteii)rise and sound
judgment, which are called iiito requisition in
public concerns as well as private atl'airs. He
was one of the originators and is a stockholder
in the Creamery Company at ]\Iiddletown.
He has succeeded his father as stockholder and
director in the Odessa National Bank and the
Cantwell Fire Insurance Company, and has
Ix'pii for one term Trustee of the Poor for
Xcw Castle county. His politics are Repub-
lican, and he holds a membership in the
^Insonic Lodge, No. 5, A. F. and \. '\\., and
in the Junif)r Order of American Mechanics,
both of ifiddletown.

^lej-ritt Noxon Willits was married, Oc-
tober 0, 1S09, to Laura Eugenia, dauahter
of Ellas S. and :\rarv J. (Brooks) Xaiidain.

Their children were: I. Horatio Nelson; IL
Laura Eugenia; HI. Merritt No.xou.

'J'he eldest, Horatio Nelson, was educated
for the profession uf law, having registered
as a student at the New Castle County Bar,
under Hun. Edward G. Bradford, now Judge
of the U. S. Court for the District of Defa-
ware. He continued his studies in the ofiice
of ^Mr. Jiradford and ins jjartncrs, Lewib C.
Yandegrift and William Michael Byrne,
under their pei-sonal direction for one year,
when he entered the Law Department of the
University of Pennsylvania, retaining as his
private preceptor, Hampton L. Carson, Esq.,
of the Philadeli)hia Bar, and member of the
faculty of the Law Department. Under Mr.
Cai-son's immediate instruction, he completed
his tenu of three yeare, and was graduated,
June 8, 1898, as Bachelor of Laws. Merritt
Noxon Willits, the younger, received a liberal
education and entered commercial life in
Philadelphia. Mi-s. Willits died February i),
187r), and was interred in the cemetery at old
St. Anne's.

j\fr. Willits married again in_1879. His
second wife was Louisa W., daughter of Jesse
C. and Lydia W. Ridgway. Thcv had issue:
L Clara Lydia; II. Jesse Royden'; III. Eliza-
beth Noxon, died in infancy. ,Mr. Willits's
family are all members of the Episcopal
( 'hurch, he being treasurer and for many
years a vestryman.

The Merritt family, maternal ancestors of
i[erritt Noxon Willits, have for generations
been residents of New Castle county, holding
a respectable and infiuential position in the
community. Thomas iMerritt, bom in New
Castle, 17G8, was all his life a farmer in St.
George's hundred. In politics, he was a
Federalist. He married Hannah, daughter of
Thomas Schee, an extensive farmer in the
county, of Dutch descent. Their only child
was Thomas Schee, born in ] 794. Thomas
]\rerritt, when not yet thirty years of age, died,
September 1, 1797.

The son, Thomas Schee Alcrritt, being then
only three yeai-s old, was cared for by his
uncles, Di-s. Benjamin and John ]\Ierritt, of
Wilmingion, who gave him a good education.
"When of age, he went to Philadelphia, where
he learned the art of tanning. Afterward, he
moved to Appoquinimink hundred where he
began farming on the tract of his land
now owned bv Robert Cochran. lsU\ l\[en-itt

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682

BWGEAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

afterward settled on part of the old Xoxoii
tract known as Siiniiyside, where he spent the
remainder of his life, lie was a Whiji,- and
afterward a Republican, was Trustee of the
roor for New Castle county, and a man who
enjoyed the confidence and respect of his
iK'ijihhors.

'J'liomas Schee !Mcrritt was nnirried to Mary
'Paxson, dauf;hter of Benjamin and .Martha
(lihu'k) Noxon, born near Norton. Their
issue were: I. Elizabeth Noxon, married
Horatio Nelson Willits; II. Sarah (iorrell,
died at the age of eleven months. ]\lrs.
Alerritt died in 1828, and was Iniried in the
family vault at Noxonton, from which place
her body was removed to St. Anne's Ceme-
tery, and placed with the remains of her hu.s-
band's second \viie, her sister, Sarah Noxon.
The otfsi)ring of the second nnu-riage were:
I. ^liivy Noxon; II. ilartha Black, married
Horatio ^Villits, son of Allen Biilgway and
Phebe Willits Pharo; III. Hannah Schee,
married John J. Lockwood. Mrs. Sarah
ilerritt died in 1874; her husband survived
her imtil 1878. Both were interred in St.
Anne's cemetery. The familv were all mcm-
bei-s of that church.

Few families have been better known in the
state that the Xoxons wdio founih'd and gave
their name to Noxonton, at which place for
many yeai-s country fairs were annually held.
The tents occupied either side of the main
road for a long distance. This old landmark,
now so quiet and ancient looking, wiis in those
da^'s the resort of merry-makei's and gay
crowds of country people from round about.
Noxonton is located on Appoquinimink Creek
and in the hundreil wliieh derives its name
from that stream.

Thomas Noxon, the fii-st of the name in
Delaware, was born in Kingston, New York,
1GG9, came to Delaware while yet a young-
man, and settled on Appoqiunimink Creek,
where Noxonton now is. There he purchased
a tract of some 3000 acres of land, which was
cultivated by the large nund)cr of slaves
owned by him. Here, Thomas No.xon built
one of the finest brick mansions in the state.
Near it was constructed the old vault to be
used as a place of burial by hinuself and his
descendants forever. This was the fii-st of ita
kind in the region, and still holds the remains
of its builder with those of many of his name.

Thomas Noxon's wife was i\Iarv, dauditcr

of Colonel B. Pierce, an officer in the English
army and a resident of ^Maryland, where Mrs.
Noxon was born. Of their tive cliildreu, only
two, Benjamin and Sarah, lived beyond their
infancy. The bodies of all now repose in the
\'ault before referred to, wdiere more than one
hundred jiei-suns have, in the pa>t, been in-
terred.

Benjamin Noxon, son of Thomas, was born
on the old homestead, educated and afterward
made milling and farming his vocations. He
was a large land owner and man of business,
and lived and died in the vicinity of Noxon-
ton. His wife was Elizabeth Han-ison Ward,
of Maryland. One child, who died in in-
fancy, was the fruit of this marriage.

After his fir.-<t wife's death, Benjamin No.x-
on married Sarah (Jon-ell, daughter of James
and Buth (iorrell, of Maryland. Their cliil-
were Benjamin and James, the last of whom
died at the age of twenty-seven yeai"s. 15enja-
min cultivated the home farm all his life,
which, however, was not a long one, his death
occurring when he was thirty-two. His re-
mains were laid with those of the rest of his
family.

He w'as married to ilartha Black and had
by her four children: I. Sarah, died in in-
fancy; K. ^lary Paxson; 111. Sarah (iorrell;
lY. Elizabeth Black. The last named died
when twenty-five years old. The first two
children, as before stated, were married to
Thomas Schee Merritt. By his union with the
eldest, Hilary Paxson Noxon, he became the
grandparent of ]\[erritt Noxon Willit.s.

JONATHAN KNTOHT WILLIAMS, P.

O. Odessa, Del., son of John Jarrett and Lydia
(Knight) Williams, was born in Cheltenham
township, ilontgomerv county. Pa., Maj* 25,
1S2S.

His grandfather, Anthony Williams, a
sta-ict Friend, and of Welsh descent, was a
resident of the same ]iart of Pennsylvania,
where, since their first immigration, the fam-
ily had been greatly esteemed and respected
for industry and unwavering adherence to
]irinciple. Anthony Williams, being a
Friend, was a non-ccjuibatant ; and during the
war of the Bevolntion, he obeyed his convic-
tions with a zealous spirit of a martyr. Every
effort was made to liring him into the ranks
of the British army; but pei-snasions, threats,
and even attempted coercion were alike in

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I 'll, I'O I I ,BVi' ■

STATE OF DELAWARE

r,so

vain. Anthony AVilliains married Haclicl
Jarrett, a iiieniber of another large and re-
s|)oete(l family of Friends. Their son, John
Jai'ictt Williams, was born in 1782; lie was
a farmer. lie always followed the faith and
enstoms of his (Juaker an(estoi"s, except in
his marriage, for whieh he fell under the cen-
sure of, the meeting; his wife, Lydia, daugh-
ter of Jonathan Knight, not being a Friend.
They had five children: I. 'Mavy Knight; II.
'J'homas, a fjmiier on the homestead; III.
Jonathan Knight; IV. John Jay, fanner, of
Cecil ctiunty, ild.; V. Harriet, who died in
infancy. John Jarrett "Williams died at the
age of sixty-nine, in iSTovember, 1851.

Jonathan K. Williams was educated with
the cai-c always bestowed iipon children of
Friends. Jle atteiuled the common schools
until he was fifteen ycai-s old, when he was
sent to the excellent boarding schools of the
Society at Clayinont and Bj-bcrry, for four
yeai-s, and afterwards for one winter to the
Frieiuls' Academy, at Alexandria, Va. These
schools imparted to him thorough training in
the English branches and in mathematics. Af-
ter his course was ended, he i\ssisted his
brother, Thomas, in the cultivation of the
homestead farm. On March 25, 1852, he re-
moved to the farm in Delaware on which ho
has ever since made his home. It consists of
3liO acres of arable land, and is i)rincipally
devoted to the cidtivation of cereals, and fine
orchards of ajjples and pears. In 1871, ^Ir.
AVilliams purchased the ^lapleton farm, and
five ycai-s later the Foard tract, between Odes-
sa and ]\Iiddletown. lie is active and enter-
prising, and attends carefully to the improve-
ment and cultivation of his extensive i)rop-
crty, introducing such methods a-s he finds
best calcidated to increase and maintain the
productiveness of the soil. He also rears
horses and cattle of Superior breeds. ]Mr.
"Williams is regarded by all mIio know him as
entirely trustworthy; his frank and candid
speech, coupled with just and honorable deal-
ings in all matters of business, inspire general
confidence. He is a Kepublican. During the
war of the Keliellion, he was constant and un-
compromising in his dev-otion to the Union
cause. I lis business abilities are placed at the
ser\nce of the jSTew Castle county jSTational
Bank, of Odessa, of which he is a director;
of the Odessa Creiimery Co., of which he has
^3

been |>rcsident since 188!); he has been a
school commissioner of his hiuidred.

Jonathan Knight Williams was nuuTieil
September 15, lb5y,to Fannie, daughter of ,Ia-
cob iu\d JMargaret (Fox) Sliallcro.ss, of Phila-
delphia, and sister of Sereok Shallcross, of
Saint (leorge's hundred. Their children are:
I. Lydia (i^Irs. Leonard Asiuil), of Odessa; II.
John J., died when fifteen months old, in
185(J; III. Margaret (Mrs. G. F. Ilukill), of
]Middletown; IV. ilary Knight (ilrs. Edwin
S. AVood), of lloi'shani township, Montgom-
ery county, Fa.; V. Adeline Evans, died aged
foiiryi'ars, in 1865; Yl. John Jay, died when
one year old, in 18G3; VII. Fannie Shall-
cross; VIII. Bessie C. In IStib, ilr. AVil-
liams became a member of the ilethodist
church of Odessa, and is active in the seiwice
of the congregation, as steward and tnistce.
ilrs. Williams is a lady of genial manner, and
'■given to hospitality."

The Shallcross family is descended from
three brothei"s, of English birth, who settled
in Pennsylvania early in the history of that
colony, one in Bucks county, another in Dela-
ware county, and the third, Thonuis Shall-
cross, great-grandfather of Mm. Jonathan K.
AVilliams, in Oxford township, in the north-
ei'U part of Philadelphia county. They were
Friends, and were of the peaceable, kindly
and contented character for which membei-s
of that Society are noted. Thomas Shallcro53
and his son, also named Thomas, were fann-
ers, and passed their entire lives in Oxford
township. Thomas Shallcross, 2, was born in
17G3; he owned a tract of 112 acres in or
near the old borough of Frankford, and now
included within the limits of the city of Phila-
delphia. As a Friend and a non-combatant,
he took no active part in the Revohitionary
war, but came into very close contact with the
army under General AVashington, that great
commander and his forces encamping on the
Shallcross farm during the memorable winter
of 177C. The family were obliged to pen up
their sheep carefully, to keep them from fora-
gei-s; their cattle they chained in the stalls,
biit that did not pre\'ent their losing many of
them, for the soldiers would decapit-ate
them, leaving the beasts' heads hanging in
the chains, while they earned their bodies off
and cooked them over the camp-fire,s, never
offering any compensation. Thomas Shall-
cross, 2, was an industrious farmer, and a

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BfOGL'. I PHICA L ENCYCLOPEDIA

faithful iiienilier of the Society of FriL-iuls.
He adlicred to the AVhig party. Mr. Shall-
cross mamed in liis own noiglihorliood, and
Lad fliildren as foUows: I. Jacob; 11. Benja-
min; III. Mary; W. Susan; V. Tlioma-;
AT. Leonard; "VII. Zeuo; VIII. Cliarle.-,;
IX. Elizabeth; X. Ann. Ilis iirst wife dying,
^lie married Ann Kester. He died in 1856,
at tlie venerable age of ninety-three, and was
inteiTcd in Cedar Hill cemcter}', beside the
Penn boundary stone. This family received
their grajits of land from the founder him-
self.

Ilis son, Jacob Sliallcross, was born on tlie
homestead in Oxford toAmship, Jlarch -1,
1791. He received a good education, and be-
came a skillful and successful farmer. lie
was the owner of IIG acres of good arable
land in Oxford township. IMr. Sliallcross was
noted as a sportsman ; he was a good shot, and
hunted with success in various parts of Penn-
sylvania and in Delaware. He was onginally
a AVhig, and afterwards became a Pepubli-
can; was always a loyal supporter of his
party, but sought no office. He served, how-
ever, as director of the poor. Jacob Sliall-
cross was man-ied in Oxford township to
Margaret, daughter of Sereck and Ann (Cru-
sin) Fox, natives of Oxford township, where
^Irs. Sliallcross was bora in 1792. Mr. Fox
was a farmer, and he and his wife were of
German descent. The children of !^^r. and
Mrs. Shallcross were: I. Sereck Fox, farmer,
of Saint George's hundred, New Gastle coun-
ty, Del., manied Ann Fenton, of Montgom-
ery county. Pa.; IT. Ann Elizabeth, man'ied
Joseph Watenuan, both deceased; IIT. ilary,
wife of Edward Livezey, both deceased; IV.
Gatheriue (]\Irs. Pichard Cochran), of iliddle-
town; V. Sarah (]\[rs. W. A. Cochran), of
Saint George's hundred, deceased; VI. Wil-
liam, died in Kent comity, ifd.; VII.
Thomas, of Kent county, ild.; VIII. Fannie
(ili-s. Jonathan K. Williams); IX. Henry,
died young; X. an infant, deceased. Mr.
Shallcross, with his wife and family, were
nienibei-s of the Episcopal church; they laid
a ])osition of respect and intliience. Jacob
Shallcross died on the farm, April 4, 1S74;
his wife survived him until 1870, when she
also died, on the farm, and both were interred
in the family burial place in Cedar Hill ceme-
terv.

IIENPY AUGUSTUS XOWLAXD, de-
ceased, late of Saint George's hundred, Del.,
s.m of Augustus James and JIary (Siuyter)
-Xowlaiid, was born on the Xow'land li..me-
.sli'ad in iJdhemia .Man.ir, Ce.il cuiintv, M.I.,
^March (J, 1838.

Tile first of his name who ,-ettled in this
country was Desmond Xowland, a native of
Ireland, who came about lOSO, and fixed iiis
residence near the Warwick Catholic church,
the land of which he took possession being
granted to him by Lord Baltimore; it is still
a part of the family inheritance. Dennis
James ^N'owland, grandfather of Henry A.
Xowland, was born on the old Xowland home-
stead in Sassafras Xeck, October 12, 1750.
He was a farmer, owning and cultivating 3(iO
acres of land; his life was passed in the neigh-
borhood in which he was bora, and there he
died in 1807, and was interred in the ceme-
teiy of St. Augustine's P. E. church, of which
he and his family were membei-s. He was a
supporter of the Federalist party, but was not
publicly active in politics, preferring to de-
vote his attention to his home and vocation,
rather than to take part in political contests,
or shoulder the cares of office. Dennis J.
Xowland wiis inamcd, October 3, 1795, to
]Mary ]\Iansfield Foard, daughter of Edward
and Sarah (ilansfield) Foard; she was born
in Siissafras Xeck, January 19, 1777. riie
Foards were of English descent, a Cecil coun-
ty family of retiuement and intelligence. The
childien of ^Mr. and ]\Irs. Xowland were: I.
Margaret, born September 17, HOC; II. Ed-
ward, and HI. .Mary Pidgeway, twins, born
Xovcmber 27, 1797, of whom tlie former died
in early life, and the latter was married, first
to Andrew (iarretson, a mcn-liiint, and in
18,37, after his death, to James ( '. .Manstield,
son of Gen. Pichard Man.-iield, an<l she died
iii_ l'^50;^ W. Ceorge W., born October 1,
1799; V. Augustus James, and VI. Sarah,
married :\Lircli 13, 182G, to Benjamin Siuy-
ter, twins; \'II. Alfred ('., of Xew Castle,
Del., born February 15, 1803, married to
I'hebe Pennington, who died, in ISuO to
-Mary Amanda P.iddle, who al.-ii died,
and in l.s;!5 to Ann Jemima, daugh-
ter of General ]\Lan,sfie]d; VIII. Lambert D.,
cai)tain in the IT. S. Army, bora Se])tember
5, 1805, man-ied Anna ilaria, daughter of

1 >!■• Foard, of ( Veil county. Md. ; IX.

Louisa II., born ]\Iarcli 19, 1.^08, married

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STATE OF DEL.UYAUE

587

No\X'iiil)er 28, 1831, to Snimiel Stapkis, V.si\.,
a prt)iiiineiit lawyer; X. Frlsby !M., and XL
Ilciiry Xt'ilson, twans, bom May 11, 1810,
the funiier was captain of a vessel, the latter
was married, July 19, 1332, to J'^lizaLcth O.
^Matthews. All of this family are now de-
ceased. Their mother, Dili's, !^^ary M. Xow-
laiul, died on the homestead April 0, 1S44,
and'was interred in the Ijurial ground of the
family. Henry A. Xowhuid has in his pos-
session remarkably fine portraits in oil of these
grandparents, painted more than a hundred
veal's ago, of value not only as heirlooms, but
as specimens of the spirited and artistic work
of the portrait paintei-s of the eighteenth cen-
tury.

Augustus James Xowland, third son of
Dennis J. Xowland, was born on the old
farm in Sassafras Xeck, September 11, 1801,
and was afforded a good education in the
schools of his vicinity, upon which he im-
proved greatly by judicious reading and close
study. He cultivated the homestead fanu un-
til 1849, when he sold it, and removed to
Kent county, j\Id., and there purchased a
farm on which he resided until 18G5. In that
year he went to reside on the farm o\vned at
one time by Gen. 'Richard ilanstield, later
by Mrs. Alfred Xowland, in Saint George's
hundred, Xew Castle county; it is a tract of
380 acres, and here he lived a retired life dur-
ing the remainder of his days. He was a life-
long Democrat, a supporter of the doctrines
of Presidents Jefferson and Jackson. lie was
elected commissioner of Cecil count}', ]\[d.,
and efficiently fulfilled the duties of his office.
Augustus James Xowland was married, Feb-
ruary 1, 183G, to ^laiy J., daughter of Henry
T. and Francina (Wirt) Sluyter; the family
is of Dutch descent, and ]\rrs. Xowland and
her parents were bom in Bohemia ^fanor,
Md. The children of this marriage are: I.
Ilenrs' Augustus; II. Mary Jemima, bom
:ilay 11, 1840, died October 2G, 1840; III.
Dennis James, bom ^larch 12, 1842, a well-
known farmer of Kent county, ]\rd., uuuriod
Ida Warfield, December 4, 1872; IV. a chihl
that died in infancy. Augustus J. Xowland
and his wife were faithful members of St.
Augustine's Episcoftal church. Mr. Xowland
died on the fann in Saint George's hiindred,
Febmary 5, 1879, and was buried in the ceme-
tery attached to the church, his grave b(>ing
in the southwest comer of the ground, in ac-

iMirdance witli his last request, ilrs. Xowland
died in 1S8.">, and her remains re[)ose beside
those of her husband.

The first representative in America of the
Sluyter family, from whicdi ]\ri-s. Xowland
descended, was Dr. I'eter Sluyt^^-r, who came
in 1083 from Amsterdam, Holland. He was
the founder of a colony of Labadists, and set-
tled on liohemia !Manor, in Cecil county,
^fd. His estate was very lai-ge, extending
from the Bohenuan river as far as to the pres-
ent site of St. Augustine's church. The last
of the family to occupy this domain was Ben-
jamin Fletcher Sluyter, great-great-gTandson
of Henry Sluyter, nephew of the original
owner, and proprietor of the tract in 1716;
the farm is now owned by Frederick Brady.
!Mrs. Xowland's father, Henry Sluyter, was
the son of another Henry, or Harry, Sluyter.

After the removal of the family to Kent
county, Md., Henry A. Xowland attended
the schools of his neighborhood, and after-
wards studied at Washington College, C:hes-
tertown, Md., from 1853 to 1855. At the
age of nineteen yeai-s, he became a teacher,
and followed that vocation for four J'cai-s, in
the fii-st district of Galena, Kent county, ild.
To those years ilr. Xowland recurred as the
happiest of his life, when hope and enthusi-
asm were in their early glow and when the
pleasure which he had always taken in serving
his fellow-beings was as yet unalloyed by ex-
jjcrienccs of ingratitude and of failure. He
took gTeat delight in teaching. Among his
pujiils were such men as L. D. Gooding, now
]>riucipal of the Conference Academy at Do-
ver, Hon. W. A. Comegys, ex-speaker of the
Delaware House of Representatives, Xathan-
iel ]\IcGinnes, and others, all of whom speak
in the highest terms of Mr. Xowland's merits
and qualifications as an instructor. In 1805,
when the Gen. Richard ilansfield farm be-
came the home of the family, Mr. Xowland
relieved his father, now becoming enfeebled
by advancing years, f)f the labor and care
of fiirming, and continued to devote himself.
to the welfare and comfort of his parents as
long as they lived. Ever aftenvard he was
engaged in the management of that farm,
which became his ])ro]K'rty in 1892, being be-
<|ueathed to him by a member of the ]\rans-
field family, who were relati\'es of the Xow-
lands. He also purchased the Brady farm,
which contains 75 acres, so that he was the

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58S

BIOGRA rillCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

owner of more tlian 450 acres of land, on
whieli he made man}' iniprovemcnts. lie
M'as largely interested in stock, lun'ing over
forty head of the bcit IfoLstein and short
horned cattle, besides twenty head of horses.
^Ir. Rowland was a stockholder and dircctur
of the ^liddletown Creamery Co., and sup-
plicd milk to the creamery, the prcnlncts of
which amounted to $],200 per annum. IIo
was one of the foundei-s and a director of the
I'eople's National Bank of iliddletown, in
which he was a stockholder. His Imsiness
talent was utilized to a great degree in the
service of the state. In 1S!)2, he received
from Governor Reynolds the appointment of
trustee of the Delaware College, and thnt of
tnistee of the State Asylum for the Insane,
but was compelled by ill health to resign
these posts. Being also mad(^ trustee of the
poor in Saint George's hundred, he served the
board four years as president, and during that
time was zealous and active in bringing about
refonns in the management of the poor house
and county lios])ital. ilr. Nowlan<l was elect-
ed in 1874 to the state legislature, and served
during his term on several im])ortani commit-
tees; of the Committee on Education, he was
the capable and enthusiastic cliainnan, for no
scheme for the better training of the rising
generation ever appealed to him in vain.
His best efforts were enlisted on behalf of the
common school system; one of the first re-
sults of his services on this committee was the
"New School Law of ISTS," which was a great
advance from the law of 1829, operative up
to that time. The new law provided for a
state superintendent and board of education,
and for more thoroughly prepared teachere,
and accomplished much in placing the system
upon a higher plane. As beneficial, if not
even more so, was !Mr. Nowland's advocacy
of the education of the negroes of the state,
for which he asked for an appropriation of
$5,000, speaking earnestly both in the
comnuttee and on the floor of the House in
support of his demand. Thus the seed was
sown which ripened fully in later days, bear-
ing fruit in the ample provision now made fur
the fulfilment fif this ])art of the duty of the
commonwealth. ^Ir. N'owland was also a
member of the Committee on Divorce, which
originated the last restrictive legislation on
this subject. Tn 1885, at the solicitation of
friends, ilr. Nowland allowed his name to be

brought before the Democratic convention a.?,
nominee for state treasurer, his opponent in
the convention being llr. Herbert; the vote
was at first a tie, 14 to 14, but the nomination
was afterwards given to ^Mr. Herbert. "S\v.
Xowland was always a consistent member of
the Democratic party; he cast his fii-st jjresi-
dential vote for the "Little Giant," Stephen
A. Douglass, and as a matter of pi-inciple, did
not vote for Horace Greeley. In 18!)!, on ac-
count of impaired health, he retired from ac-
tive life, but still attended to business. He
was well-informed on current topics, his in-
terest in the welfare and progress of his coun-
try, and, indeed, of the whole human race,
being unabated.

Henry Augustus Nowland was mamed,
October 25, 187G, in Jliddletown, Del., to
Elizabeth, daughter of William H. and Maria
(Hepburn) ]]lackiston, of Kent county, ild.
She was born in that county, and is of Eng-
lish and Scotch ancestry. Their children are:
I. Mai-ia Hepburn; I L Augustus James; III.
ilary B. ilrs. Elizabeth Xowland died in
1883. Her remains are interred in the burial
ground of St. Anne's Episcopal church, at
]\Iiddletown. In 1885, .Mr. Xowland man-ied
her sister, Josephine Blac"kiston; she is, like
her sister, a lady of culture and refinement.
]\Ir. Xowland was junior warden of St. Anne's
P. E. church, of which the family are es-
teemed membei-s. ]\rr. Xowland died at his
home in Saint George's hundred, Del., April
21, 1898.

WILLABD II. HALL, P. O. Port Penn,
New Castle county, L^eh, son of Alfred K.
and Alice (ilustard) Hall, was born in Alil-
ford, Kent county, Del., July 11, 1855.

The Hall family, one of the oldest in the
state of ^Maryland, is of ScotchJrish de-
scent. The ancestors came to America with
tlie first Presbyterians of the country, landing
at Xew Castle, Del., about 1G86. Mr. Hall's
grandfatlier,William S. Hall, was born in Sus-
sex county, Del., where he spent his youth, re-
ceiving his educarion in the schools of the dis-
trict. William S. Hall devoted his energies
to mercantile pursuits, and spent his life at
Hall's Store, now Ocean View, Del., of which
he was the first postmaster. Mr. Hall's dili-
gence, close attention to business, and oblig-
ing dis])osition brought him financial success.
He was, however, far too energetic and pro-

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STATE OF DELAWAIU-:

589

^ressive tu confiiio liiinself entirely to one
lino of business; and tlierefore invested in
real estate, and at the time of his death owned
two ^■aluable fanns. I'or many years -Mr.
Hall was justiee of the peaeo in his distriet.
He was known tlirougU all the eonntry .-ide
as "Siiniro Hall," one who dealt jnstly and
decided fairly without fear or favor. By this
course, Mr. Hall won not merely jiopuhirity,
luit the respect and confidence of the com-
munity. He was a ^^'hiJi■, firm in his convic-
tions, decidi-d in exjsressing his opinions and
an active, ehlcient worker for the success of
the ]iarty. William S. Hall's fii-st wife was
]\Iiss riiiinell, a relative of Governor 'I'un-
nell of Delaware. Their six children, all n(jw
<lead, were: I. Alfred K.; IT. llobirt C;
TIT. Henry J.; IV. Alexander N. ; V. Josep'i
1'.; VI. Isabel, died in youth. :\rrs. Hall
died and is buried at 0(.-ean View cemetery.
Mr. Hall's second wife, HaiTiet ]\Iustard, of
Sussex county, Del., was a daughter of John
Mustard, a sister of ilrs. Alfred K. Hall, and
an aunt of D. L. ]\Iustard, editor of the
Lewes Pilot, ^hs. Harriet (^Mustard) Hall,
died at lier home at Ocean View, in ISitO, the
mother of one child, 'May (ilrs. Ceorge Tun-
mdl). l^^r. Hall, his wife, and all his family
were members of the Presbyterian church at
Ocean View, Del. Mr. Hall was an elder and
an active worker in the congregation ; he gave
the ground and built the church. He <lied
at his home in Ocean View, and is Iniried in
the cemetery there.

Alfred K. Hall was born at Ocean View,
July 24, 1822. He received a good bnisness
education, and while still a boy went to work
on one of his father's farms. But the quiet,
unevcntfid country life was ill-suited to his
bold, restless spirit. Love of adventure called
liim to the ever changing sea, and at the age
of sixteen, he shipped on an Indian Biver
vessel as cook, receivinc: four diillai"s per
month. Xaturally intelligent and ob-;or^^nfr,
he was ra]iidly promoted from his humble
jiiisition; he seiwed for a time before the mast,
then as .second mate, first mate, and finally as
ca[)tain of a coasting vessel. His pleasant but
decided manner and thorough knowledge of
the coast, made Mr. Hall a ver\' successful
captain. At the end of sixt^'cn years, he
abandoned the sea; and about 1800 began
business as a coal and lumber mercli^int at
IFilford, Del. This ventin-e was a finanrial

success; and in 1870 Mr. Hall together mth a
nmnber of enteii)rising citizens of the county
furnied a stock company caUed the J\lilford
Alden Fruit Evaporating Company. Of this
company Mr. Hall was not only a stock-
holder and a member of the board of direc-
tors, but also secretary and treasurer. After
thriving in business for three years, the com-
pany lost heavily by fire and the enteqirise
was abandoned. Mr. Hall returned to the
merchant's desk and soon built up an exten-
sive and lucrative business, in which he was
actively engaged at the time of liis death. Al-
fred K. Hall was in youth a firm advocate of
the doctrines of the Whigs, Imt later identi-
fied himself with the Bepublican party. He
was an indefatigable worker, and was actively
interested in politics. He was nominated for
the state legislature, but was defeated by his
opponent F. W. Causey. This defeat was in
no respect owing to Mr. Hall's unpopularity,
but due solely to the fact that the district was
Democratic. Alfred K. Hall was married at
Ocean View, Del., to Alice, daughter of John
.Mustard, of Cool Spring, Del. Their chil-
dren are: I. F.dward, and If. Frederick, both
died in infancy; 111. Bobert C, a merchant
of :\Iilford, ])[■].; IV. James Alfred, cajjtain
of a coasting vessel; V. Willard H. ; VI.
^[arv. died in youth; VII. Lvdia M. (Mk.
B. I). Grier), of Salisbury, Md. Mr. Alfred
Hall and his family are members of the Bres-
bytcrian church, in which he was a deacon,
and an earnest Christian worker.

His benevolence and integrity won for him
the confidence and esteem of the community.
]\rrs. Hall died at her home in ^filford in
1SS9; :Mr. Hall died at the same jdacc in
1892, and is buried lieside his wife in the T.
O. O. F. c'emetery, at Alilfonl, Del.

"Willard TI. Hall received his education in
the public schoiils of .Milford, Del.; and for a
.short time attended the high school of that
l)lace. At the age of fourteen he left school
and was apprenticed for four years to S. C.
Fvaiis, watchmaker and jewtdler, at ]\[ilford,
Del. After serving his apprenticeshi|) he re-
moved to Frederica, Del., and began business
for himself. His skill as a workman and his
unremitting industry enabled him to build up
a ])r()fitable business; but at the end of three
\(ars, the confinement so seriously impaired
his health that he was compelled to seek some
more active em])loyinent. In 1881 ^Fr. Hall

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r.90

BIOanAPIlICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

secured a position ns tireman on tbe D. il. &.
V. R. J\. Fidelity and diligence brought
tlieir reward, and at the end of a year he was
promoted to the responsible post of engineer.
In 1SS3, during President Arthur's adminis-
tration ]\Ir. Ilall received the appointment
of Light House Keeper at Cape Ilcnhjpen
pM\icon Light. In 1885 he was transferred to
the Breakwater East End Light, and after ten
years of faithful service, was again transfer-
red to his present position as keeper of tlio
Pcedy Island Pear Light. ]\rr. Hall lias
proved himself an efficient em]doyec of tlie
government. He is careful, painstaking and
faithful, and has given entire satisfaction by
the manner in which he has discharged the
duties of his responsible position. His genial
pleasant disposition makes him popular with
the light house staff, and a favorite with all
classes of people. His habit of observation,
love of study and his intercoui"se with the
world have made liim a well educated man,
notwithstanding his limited educational ad-
vantages, ilr. ILill is a stanch Republi-
can, actively interested in local affairs. He
i.- a member of Atlantic Lodge, No. 15, I. O.
O. Y. at Lewes, Del., and of Jefferson Lodge,
No. 15, A. F. & A. M., of Lewes, an.l ilarlne
Lodge, No. 26, A. O. U. ^Y.

AVillard II. Hall was married in Philadel-
phia, Pa., in 1870; to Annie L., daughter of
Robert Griffith, of Milfurd, Del. Their chil-
dren are: I. Alfred; II. William N., died in
youth; III. Mary S., died in youth; lY. I3es-
sie ^[.; V. William, 2; VI. Katie L. ^fr.
Hall and Ids family are membci-s of the Port
Penn Presbyterian church. "Sir. Hall is an
active worker in the church. lie is an elder,
assistant superintendent of the Sunday-school,
and Icailer of the Pible class. .Mrs. Hall died
at Lewes, in 1893; she is buried in tlie ceme-
tery at ililford, Del. Willard H.IIallwasagain
married J\ine 2, 1808, at Port Penn Presby-
terian church to iliss Henrietta Tilghman
Dilworth, daughter of Lhomas F. and Hen-
rietta ^l. (Stewart) Dilworth, of New Castle
countv.

CHRISTOPHER .TOIIN VANDE-
CJMFT, P. O. ]\[ac(lonough, New Castle
co\inty, Del., sun of Leonard G. and Flizabeth
(Jan^-ier) Vandegrift, was born near Reedy
Island Neck, in Saint George's hundred, Oc-
tober 2.-., 184:3.

Ihe original ancestor of the Vandegrift
family in America came to this country from
Holland before the Revolutionary war, and
was among the earliest settlers in Delaware.
Christopher A'andegrift, grandfather of
Christopher John Vandegrift, was a native
of Saint (ieorge's hundreil, and a life-long
resident there. He was an extensive laud
owner, and for yeare cultivated a farm near
Reedy Island Neck. He afterward removed
to the vicinity of Port Penn. He was a cap-
tain in the Light Artillery during the war of
1812, but was not in active service. For four
ycai-s, he serve<l with marked efficiency aiid
fidelity as a memlicr of the state senate. He
was a close student both of history and of cur-
rent events, and an eloquent orator. Politi-
cally, he was a dLsciple of Jefferson and Jack-
son, and was untiring in his efforts on behalf
of his ])arty. Ciiristopher Vandegrift mar-
ried Lydia (Aspril) "Walraven, wdow of Elias
Walraven; she was a native of Saint George's
hundred. Their children were: I. Leonard
G.; 11. Andrew Jackson; III. Christopher, 2;
IV. Ruth Ann; V. Ellen; VL Elizabeth;

VII. . ]\[r. Vandegrift died on his

farm near Port Penn, in 1850; ^Irs. Vande-
grift died at the same place in 1843; the re-
mains of both were interred in the cemetery
of Drawyer's Presbytorian church, ifrs.
Vandegrift and family were mcnd)ers of the
Presbyterian church.

Leonard G. Vandegi-ift, eldest son of
Christopher and Lydia (Aspril) Vandegrift,
was born on the old homestead at Reedy Is-
land Neck, in 1813. His education was ob-
tained in the public schools of Saint George's
hundred, and at the academy in ]\Iid-
dietown. In the latter institution he
learned surveying. He devoted his at-
tention to the management of the home
farm until 1858, when he purchased the Dale
tract, comjirising 150 acres, named CJerald-
ville. On this farm he made many improve-
ments, and resided ujwn it during the rest
of his life. !Mr. L. G. Vandegrift ownied
about 300 acres of land in Saint George's
hundred, from which he anniudly obtained a
large yield of grain; he also reared numerous
herds of cattle and much other live stock. He
was a man of cidture, ability and sound judg-
ment; like his fiither, 1h> was elected to the
state senate, and served his constituents well

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I,.' Imi,.I

STATE OF DELAWAHE

591

and faithfully. He was a Democrat, and gave
party principles etiectual support.

Leonard (J. Vandegrift was married in
1844, to Elizabeth, daughter of Juhn and
Susanna Jiiddle Janvier, oi JMacdonough. Mr.
Janvier was of French descent, ilr. and iMi-s.
Vandegrift had two children: I. Mileu, died
in early life; II. Christojiher John. J\lrs.
Elizabeth Vandegrift died on the farm iu
Reedy Neck. Mr. Vandegrift was again
married; his second wife was Hester E. J)il-
worth, daughter of John A. and Priscilla Dil-
woith; she was born neai* Port Penn. Their
children are: I. Leonard G., 2, farmer of
Saint George's hundred; II. Charles, died in
his 3'outh; 111. IJu Shea, died in youth; IV.
Lewis C, of Wilmington, attorney for the
state of Delaware, was elected in January,
1S9S, to the presidency of the jSTetherlands
Society, of Philadelplua, membership iu
whicli is restricted to descendants of N^ether-
landers, who emigrated to America prior to
1770; V. iSTewell, deceased; VI. Abraham,
farmer, of the \'icinity of Port Penn. Mra.
Hester E. Vandegrift died in 1873, and was
buried in the graveyard of Drawyer's Pres-
byterian church, of which she was a member.
The third man-iage of Leonai-d G. Vandegrift
was witli Kebecca G. Vandegrift, widow of
his brotlier, Clmstopher. Mi: Vandegrift
died at Goraldville, in 1896. He was a mem-
ber of Drawyer's church, and his remains
were buried in its cemetery, ilrs. Vande-
grift now resides on the old Jan^^er farm,
near ]\Iacdonough.

( 'hristojdier John Vandegrift was educated
in the public schools of Saint George's hun-
dred, and at the academy of Middletown, and
remained on the home fann until 1805, when
he began farming on Ids own account, renting
a tract of land near tlie homestead. This
farm he cultivated until, in 1872, he pur-
chased the Jeffei-son farm of 180 acres, on
which he resided for a quarter of a century,
improving the land in many ways, and
greatly increasing its value. In the spring
of 1897, Mt. Vandegrift removed to his fa-
ther's farm at fieraldville, where he has a
comfortalde and liappy home. He still ac-
tively superintends the cultivation of 500 acres
of productive land, and rears niucli live stock,
of superior breeds. He is generous and hos-
f/italilc, and delights not only in entertaining
111-; iricnils, but in assisting- worthv and indi

gent people. Mv. A'andegrift is an unconi-
pronasing Democrat.

On April 4, ISGd, near Port Penn, Chris-
topiier John Vandegrift was married to
Sarali, daughter cd' Joseph and Sarah Diehl,
well-known citizens of Saint (ieorge's hun-
ched. They had u\w child, ilinine C. (Mrs.
,\liram Eox), oi Kcw (.'astle hundred. Airs.
Sarah Vandcgiift dieil in 1880, and was buried
at Drawyer's church. In ]8S;i, ]\Ir. Vande-
grift married Elizabi'th Dicld, a niece of his
iViriner wife, and a ihinghtci' (d' William 15.
and Lydia Dicld. .Mr. N'andcgrift is a I'rcs-
Ijyterian.

LEONARD V. ASPRIL, Sr., Odessa,
Del., son of John and Ann (Vandegrift)
Asjn-il, was born at Odessa (then Cantwell
Bridge ) New Castle county, Did., July 7,
l.si>u'

The Asprils came from Sweden and were
among the oldest settlers of Delaware.
Joseidi Asprij, grandfather of Leonard V.,
was born in Delaware, Eebrnary 2, 1742, and
was a farmer and landowner near Port
I'enn, New Castle county. He stood well
in his community. Joseph Aspril married
Mary Skeer, born in Delaware Alarch 17,
1755. Tliey had eleven children: I. Alary,
born December 21, 1775, married first to
Thomas Craven, then to John Addison; II.
Lydia, born Eebruary 21, 1778, married first
to Joseph Walraven, her second husband be-
ing Captain Christopher Vandegrift; HI.
(jrace, born April 11, 1780, died young; IV.
Eleanor, born April 7, 1781, died December
29, 1802, was the wife id' William King of
AVcstern Pennsylvania; V. Jose})h, born De-
cember 20, 1783; ^''I. La^vT'cnce, born Eebru-
ary 14, 1780, father of Rev. Joseph Aspril,
a M. E. minister; VII. John, born ilay 7,
17SS; VIIL Gracey (or Grace), born Septem-
ber 8, 1790; IX. Ann, Ijnrn January
19, 1794; X. Elizabeth (or Eliza), born
iLirch 29, 1796, wife of James Clover, who
went to the west; XL Haimah, born January
2, 1799, wife of Wdliam Pippin. Air. and
Airs. Aspril were mendjers of the Presbyterian
chijrch. The fonner died in 1802 and his
Avife, who was a most estimable wpman, in
1824 on their home farm. Roth were biuried
in the Drawyer's churchyard near Odessa.

.Idhn .\s]:ri], father of Leonard V., was a
self cihuMtcd man. There were no srlmols

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V' , ' •;-;<i-,Y

592

BIOGRA rUICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

in liib boyhood days in St. Geurge'ii Imiidred
whero lie lived, lie worked fur Ids farlier on
the fiii'ui aud afterward obtained a position as
clerk ill a Pliiladelplua store. Jle remained
a short time in the eity aud returned innue to
outer the store of William Cicjrdun (known
as Captain Gordon) of Port I'enii, where he
was for several years a clerk. During the war
of IS 12 he was a non-commissioned oliicer but
did not take part in any engagements. When
yet a young man he came to Oilessa and there
learned blaeksinithing, obtaining, after a few
years, a position at his trade on the Chesa-
peake and DelawareCanal. Later he went back
to Odessa and continued blacksmithing there
until 1842, when he rented a farm in St.
George's hundred and gave the last twenty-
iive years of his life to the management of it.
lie died in 1807 and was buried in Drawvor
church graveyard. lie »vas a AVhig in the
days of that party's eyis-tence and afterward
a faithful Republican. Although never an
office-seeker, he was elected assessor of St.
George's hundred and, also, constable. He
was known by everybixly as a man of the ut-
most honesty of character and purjtose, who
was never lacking in good deeds to his neigh-
bors. John Aspril mnnied, first Letitia Tit-
termary (boi'n in PhiLidelpliia); they had oiio
child, David, !^^rs. Aspril died and was
buried in Drawyor church graveyard. Jolin
As])rirs second \vife was Ann, daughter of
Leonard K. Yandegi-ift, of near Port Penn.
J.h-. Vandegrift was born in Holland. By his
second marriage John Asjiril had chil-
dren: I. Leonard V.; II. Mary (Mrs. Wil-
liam A. Paker), of Baltimore, Jld.; III. John
A., of Wilmington; IV. Joseph, died in
youth; V. Letitia, died in youth; VI. Ann
Eliza, deceased, and VII. Ilester Lena, twins,
the former was the wife of George Vande-
grift; VITI. Charles, of Crisfield, 'M([. ^\vs.
Aspril died in ISSG and wa.s buried in the
family lot in the Drawyer church graveyard.
John Aspi-il was a member of and elder for
thirty years in Drawyer church. He was an
active and exemplary Christian man.

Leonard V. Asjiril, Sr., attended the dis-
trict schools of Odessa and at an early age
became an assistant to his father in his black-
smith shop. Upon his father's retirement he
continued the bnsiness there. In 1S4G he
purchased the building. In IR.'JG a fire de-
stroyed the pro]ierty. 'Mr. .\eiiril imme-

diately replaced it with a tine structure and
began the manufacture and sale of agricultur-
al implements, wagons, etc. In ISTU he took
his sou, Leonard v., Jr., into the iina and
tlio business has since Lccii carried on very
succesafully under the firm name of
L. v. Asjn'il A; Son. A large carnage trade
especially has been built up throughout the
county. ]\Ir. Aspril is a stockholder of the
Odessa Building and Loan Association and of
the Odessa creamery. He is an out-spoken
supporter of the liepublican party, into which
he gravitated from the \Vliig element. The
I'rohibitionidts nominated him once for the
l^'gislature but he was defeated. Mr. Aspril
has served as a member of the town Council.
He is a consistent advocate of temperance, be-
ing temperate in all his habits, and never
drank a glass of whiskey in a sahjon nor
sm(}ked a cigar.

In October, 1813, Leonard V. Aspril mar-
ried Mary, daughter of Andrew Mcilurphey,
of Scotch-Irish descent. ]\Irs. Aspril was
horn in Appotjuinimink hundred, iSTew Castle
county. They had four children: I. John
Aljiheus, and II. L. Eugene Moore, twins,
born August 11, 1815, both died in infancy;
III. David Clarence, born 1848, died June
22, 1870; IV. Leonard V., Jr., born
:March 11, 1850. ]Mrs. Aspril died August
24, 1879. Mr. Aspril became a member of
the !M. E. chun-li of Odessa in 1841, and has
been one of its most liel](ful membei-s, both
by precept and by deeds. He has been a
class-leader, Salibath school teacher, superin-
tendent of the school, and trustee and treas-
urer of the church. A man of much force
of character his name is a symbol of the hon-
orable business man and the true Christian
gentleman.

Leonard V. Aspril, Jr., was educated
in the schools of Odessa and at Dickinson Col-
lege, Carlisle, Penn'a. After completing his
education he began business with his father
and in 1876 was admitted to partnei-ship. Ho
is a member of the School Board of Odessa,
secretary of the Odessa Building and Loan
A.ssooiation, and member of the I. O. H. Afr.
Aspril is a Iie]nil:)lican. A man of excellent
moral character and a genial associate, he is
liij;hlv i)o]in]ar in his home. On October
2.^,1870, Leonard A'. .\^pril, .Tr., was mai--
rird to Lydia. daughter of Jonathan K.
Williams, of St. Gcorce's hundred. Tliev

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STATE OF DELAWARE

593

have tive cliildren: I. Jouatliau AV., boru
Septeiubcr 1-2, 1S61, died July 2'J, Ib'JT; II.
1). (Jlaience, bom December 12, lSb-2; III.
Frances, born February 3, 18XG; IV. Mary,
born October lii, ISS'J; V. EHzabetU W.,
boru September 4, 1894, died May 31, 181)0.
Tlie family attend tbe M. E. church.

LEOXAIID G. VANDEGRIFT, Jr., P.
O. ilclJonungh, Del, sou of tbe late Leonard
G. and Hester E. (Dilwortb) Vaudegrift, was
born at IJeedy Island Neck, St. George's hun-
dred, Xew Caitle county, Del., Octuber 10,
1848.

lie attended the public schools in St.
George's hundred and was afterward for
three tenus a student in Brainard Institute at
Cranbury, ^Middlesex county, N. J. Itetuni-
iug to his home he remained with his father
ou the farm until 1872, when he leased a
tract of seventy-five acres from his father and
began farming on his o\n\ account. In 1876
he purchased the old Iliggiiis farm of li)7
acres and ou this he still resides. He improved
it gTcatly and engaged extensively in grain
raising. In 1893 ^Mr. Vaudegrift established
a creamery on his farm at ilcDonough and
Las built up au exteusive business. He keeps
on his farm a herd of thirty-two cattle to help
supply liis creamery with milk and cream and
he pays out to the fai'uiers of the vi-
cinity more than $10,000 per year for the
product of tlieir dairies. He ships his butter
to the Pluladelphia and Wilmington markets.

]\rr. Vaudegrift is a stai'.ch Dcuiocrat and
always active in liis party's interests. He was
a road counnissioner in St. George's hundred
for one term and a school commissioner for
several years. He is a man of great industry
and very progressive, while all his dealings
are conducted in the. most lionorablc manner.
His creamery and the large amounts he pays
out (-ach year are a great boon to the farmers
in the vicinity of IMcDouough.

Leonard G. Vaudegrift was man-ied, ^Lay
9, 1872, at Odessa, to Sarah Lockwood,
daughter of James Eayard Alrichs and
Kachel T3. (Diehl) Alriclis, well-known and
highly esteemed residents of St. George's
hundred. 'Mrs. Vandecrift was born near
Port Penn, Del. 'Mr. and !Mrs. Vaudegrift
had children: I. Dilworth, educated in pub-
lic scliools of St.. George's liuudred and at
]\riddl<'ti)\ni academv, where he v.-ns griidu-

ated, is now mauager and superintendent of
his father's creamery at -McDonough; II.
Agnes A., at home; III. Maiy E., died in
youth; IX . liayard Alriclis, at school, ilr.
\'audegrift and his family attend the Draw-
yer Presbyterian church. Ja-wIs V. Vaude-
grift, attoruey-at-la\v, of Wilniiiigtou Del., is
a brother of Leonard G. Vandt'gritt.

JOSEPH ALDEKMAX LOPtD, deceased,
son of James Lord, was boru in Port Penn,
St. George's liuudred, Xew Castle county,
Del., in 1812.

His father was a well known captain and
stock-owner ou the Delaware river. Joseph
A. Lord attended the district schools of Port
Penn and Odessa. 'When he was eleven years
of age his father died. He then learned tailor-
ing iu Odessa but did uot work at it. Having
had a fondness for pomology, he determined
to devote himelf to its practical study. In
consequeuce of this purpose he established a
nursery in Odessa and until his death was
busily and profitably engaged iu the cultiva-
tion of small fruits, acquiring a deserved repu-
tation throughout the state for his compre-
hensivo knowledge aiud success as a nursery-
man. As a result of his active industry he
became the owner of two farms in Blackbird
hundred. Mr. Lord was popular and was
elected to a number of local otiices as a can-
didate on the Democratic ticket.

Joseph Alderman Lord married Ann Eliza
Dericksou, who was boru iu Odessa. Ihey
had children: I. A'^irginia, of Odessa; II.
Cordelia (ili-s. Colon Ferguson) of Appo-
quiuimink hundred; TIL Albert, died when
young; IV. Alphouso, of Odessa; V. Clara
airs. James K. Koberts) of Odessa; VI.
Adelia (Mrs. E. T. Davis), deceased; VIL
Theodore, deceased; VIII. Vict-r, killed in
a phosphate factory in 1891; IX. Ellen, de-
ceased; X. Anna, single, of Philadelphia;
XL Emma, of Reedy Island X^eck, St.
George's hundred; XII. Josephine, deceased.
Mr. Lord died at Odessa, Xovember 22,
1875; his widow died at Peedy Dland Xeck,
October 4, 1897; both were buried in Draw-
yer's churchyard. The members of ^Ir.
Lord's family have always attended the M.
E. church.

EDWARD M. BFEinr, -McDonough,
Del., son (.f William and C;itlirri.io (Dn.ll)

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•94

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Buelim, was boi'u in McUonough, New Cas-
tle county, Del., July 28, 1851*.

Hid fatlier was boru in AVurtemburg, Ger-
many, June 28, 1824. He received there tlio
liberal education that is provided as a matter
ot coui-se by all well-lo-do Cierman parents.
His studies completed he fell untler the pro-
visions of that Uermau law which seeks to
make of the emperor's subjects soldiers as
well as scholars, and he was compelled to
serve six years in the army. I'jion the ex-
piration of his term of service he acquired the
trade of a wheelwright at his home and
worked for four years as a journeyman in his
native state. Then the longing to see America
came upon him and he sailed, in 1855, for
New York city. From that metropolis he
went north to Albany and there obtained em-
ployment at his trade. A year afterward he
removed to Delaware and settled in
^McDonough. For one year he worked for a
^Ir. Jjaker and in 1858 began business on his
own account, erecting and thoroughly fitting
up a workshop. He was a capable workman
and in a short time had secured for his wheel-
wright establishment an extensive patronage.
He conducted this Lusiness for thirty-four
years. During this time he had made many
improvements to his property and in 1864
rebuilt his house. He was a well-read
man and a close student, ^findful of ids early
educational advantages, lie saw to it that all
his children had opportunities of as nuich
A'alue. He was a master of the English lan-
giuige and kept abreast with the literature of
the day. ilr. Buclim was a Democrat and
held the office of school comnnsr-ioner in St.
George's hundred.

William ]3uehm married, in Delaware City,
Del., on July 20, 1858, Catharine Droll, who
was born in Fraukfort-ou-tlie-ilain, Germany,
ami came to this country when twelve years
old. Tiieir children were: I. Edward !M.;
IT. John, wheelwright, of Chesapeake
City, ild.; III. William, died when voung;
IY! Magdalene (]\Irs. .1. Carl Aker), of Dela-
M'are City, Del.; Y. Alnnra, died when young;
YI. Catharine, single; YII. George, at home;
Ylll. Caroline (^fre. James T. Padley), of
McDonough; IX. William J.; X. ]\Iay Louise,
died in infancy; XL Jlary B., single; XII.
Amelia, at school. !Mr. 15uehm die(l in ^Ic-
Donough, X'ovember 30, 18U2, and was
buried in the Catholic cemet(>rv of 1 lelaware

City. !ili"s. Buehm is still living and makes
her homo with Edward il. Buelim in ^le-
Donough.

l^dward ^L Buehm was sent, first, to the
public schools of ifcDoiiough and then to a
select school in rhihidelphia. At an early
ago he learned tlie trade of blacksmith in his
father's shops and has continued there to the
present. Ho is a skilled iron-worker. He
has added to the educational training he re-
ceived in school by diligent home study and is
a careful reader and deep thinker. Es-
pecially has he given attention to scientific
j)roblems and kecijs pace with all the discov-
eries in that wonderful world of exploration.
He is a member of Berseverance Lodge, Xo.
17, Jr. 0. U. A. ]\L of St. George's, luid was
formerly connected with the I. 0. O. F. He
is a Democrat but not an (jfiice seeker. He is
unmarried.

William J. Buehm, ninth child of William
Buehm, was born in ]\IcDououg!i, February
11), 1878. He pui-sued tlie customary coui-se
in the public schools of the time and is now
fitting himself for the profession of a teacher.
He is a good scholar, a close student and a
poet whoso rhymes have found mucli favor
with critics. He is a young man of exemplary
character, of lively dis[)osition and highly
popular. He is a member of the !Middletown
Y. il. C. A.

JOHN W. YOSHELL, P. 0. McDonough,
Del., son of John D. and ^Mary J. (Hubbard)
Yoshell, was born in West Dover hundred,
Kent county, Del., November 12, 1850.

His ancestors on the paternal side were of
French extraction and were among the earli-
est settlei-8 of Delaware. In the fii'st part of
the eigliteeuth century three Yoshell brothers,
Daniel, James and William, left France and
came to America. They chose Kent county,
Del., as their home and took up land there.
Daniel elected to live in West Dover himdred,
James began farming the tract on which the
ICent county almshouse is now located and
William went to Jones' Neck. They all fol-
lowed farming and became extensive land
owners. Daniel was the great-grandfather ^f
John W. Yoshell. He was a well-known citi-
zen of the county. He man-ied in Kent
county and had several children, Daniel, 2,
beiiii'- one of hi^ sons. He died on his farm

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STATE OF DELAWARE

5{)5

and was hurieJ tlicre. lie and liis family
w ere incinlx'is of tlie il. E. eluiicli.

Daniel Voshell, 2, graiidfatlicr of John AV.
Vo^llell, was born on the lionicsfead in AVest
I)ovor. lie labored on the farm when a youth
and afterward learned milling. These two
oeeiipations, those of miller and farmer, ho
eomJ lined during his after yeai-s. Jfe con-
tinned his residence in AVest Dover until his
death. He was a Democrat who believed .'sin-
cerely in the party principles enunciated by
Jefferson and was a vigilant promoter of his
party's interests. He never sought nor held
any office in his county or state. He married
a ^Ii~s Delaney, a native of Ireland. Their
children were: I. John D.; II. AVilliam; III.
Daniel, 3; IV. Ann (^Mrs. Samuel ('art<;r);
V. Kcbecca (Mi-s. John Kirsey); VI. Eliza-
beth (ilrs. Charles AVhite.) Other children
bom to ilr. and Mrs. Voshell died when
young. ]\Ir. Voshell died on his fann in lS2-t;
his widow died at the home of her daughter,
ill's. White; both were buried in the fauuly
plot on the Voshell homestead, ilr. and ilrs.
Voshell and their family were membei-s of
tlie M. E. church.

John D. Voshell, father of John AV. Vosh-
ell, was born on the homestead farm, June K!,
1816. He received a good education in the
district schools of his neighborhood and as a
boy learned milling from his father. He, how-
ever, preferred the cultivation of the soil, and
the greater part of his life was devoted to that
occupation. He purchased the homestead
farm and was the fii-st to introduce peach
culture on that tract. He made close study
of all the conditions necessary to the profita-
ble growing of his fruit and his orchards
yielded him large returns. Mr. A''oshell en-
joyed in an unusual degree tlie esteem of his
fellows. He was a man of honor in all his
dealings and a popular, useful citizen, llo
was an uncompromising Democrat, a goi^d
advi^cr in party councils and an eifective
worker in the ranks, but never sought and
would not accept an office. John D. A''oshell
married ilary J., daughter of Xewfou and
'M-Avy J. (Todd) Hubbard. She was bui-n in
Caroline cuunty, ]\Id. Her father was a well-
known farmer of Kent county, of English de-
M'cut. ilr. and !Mi-s. A^ishell had chil-
dren: T. Frank, farmer of Kent county; 1 1.
Elizabeth (ilrs. John Bowdell) of Keiil cuiiu-
ty; HI. Rebecca Olre. Dudd) ..f lunt

county, a widow; IV. Emily (IMrs. AVesley
Dill), of AVyoming, Del., a widow; V. John
AV.; VI. ilargaret (Mrs. AVilliam F. Adams),
of Philadelphia; A'll. Daniel, died at age of
nineteen; A'JII. Charles T., of AVilinington;
IX. Louisa (J\Irs. (leorge B. Iveynolds), of
AVyoming, Del.; X. A'irginia, died when
young. Mrs. Voshell died on the homestead
in 1S87 and was buried there. Mv. Voshell
married, as his second wife, Anna, widow
of Obadiah A'oshell. He died on the
homestead August 3, 189f!, and was buried in
the family graveyard. "Mrs. Voshell resides
in Kent county. All the luembei-s of Mr.
Voshell's family have been active in the mem-
bership of the il. E. church.

John W. Voshell attended the district
schools of AVcst Dover hundred. Until he
was twenty-two years old he remained on the
homestead farm with liis father, when he
left the paternal roof and began famiiug on
his own account. He occupied a number of
fanns for various periods, his grandfather
Hubbard's fanii, 1 GO acres, for one year; the
Howell fanu, 100 acres, near Camden, Kent
county, where he raised grain and fruits, one
year; the Cooper farm, Kent county, one
year; the Herlock fann, Kent county, Isld.,
three years; the Z. Seenick fann, Kent ciniu-
ty, Del., one year; tlie Lamb fanu, one year;
the Stockley fanu. Blackbird hundred, Xew
Castle county, three yeai-s; the Hayes farm,
Appoquinimink hundred, two years; the AVat-
kins farm, l)lackliird hundred, four years;
the Iloffecker farm, Bt. (Jeorge's hun-
dred, three years; the (Scorge H. Houston
farm, near Mt. Pleasant, St. George's hun-
dred, four years; the Cochran farm, -IIG acres,
oil which he resided from ISD? until recently.
On this large Cochran farm he has 35 head
of cattle, 22 head of horses and other live
stock in proportion. In 180G 'Mr. Voshell pur-
chased the Iliggins farm of ICA acres near
]\[cDonougli. This also he cultivates, and
has very recently made it his home. The
magnitude of his farming operations will con-
vey the idea of ilr. A'^oshell's good judgment
and industry. His neighbors respect him and
have contidcnce in liim; this has been demon-
strated by his election cm th(> Democratic
fiidcet to the office of school cuimnissioiier in
Appoquinimink and St. (ieuri;e"s luiiidrc'ds,
aiiil to that of ruad commis-innrr, in ISlt.'i.
He is a nicmbcr of National I.<Mlge, Xcj. 32,

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59(3

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

I. 0. O. F. of St. George's, and an entliusiastif
ami i)u])iilar Democrat.

On December 24, 1873, in West Dover
liumhvd, John W. Vosliell married ]\Iariiaret
Joluibiin, daughter of William and ]\Iargaret
(Steele) Johnson, wlio was hom near Camden,
]vent county, Del. Her father is a farmer
of Scotch descent, ^h: and Jlrs. Vosliell
Lave two children: I. Irrilla (Mi-s. Ellwood
Cleaver); II. Clarence, at home. Mr. Vosli-
ell is a member of tlie ^I. E. church and has
been a Sabbath school teacher.

EICIIARD L. (JRAY, P. O. Mount
Pleasant, Xew Castle county, Del., son of
James and Elizabeth (Sorden) Cray, was
born in iSTew Castle hundred, Xew Castle
county, Del., October 26, 1836.

His father was born in Yorkshire, England,
in 1786. Thei-e he was educated and labored
on a fami until he was a young man. The
countiy was thickly settled, the farms were
small and the opportunities for acq\iiring a
comjjetence from agricultural jjui-suits were
not enticing to an active and ambitious man.
America promised much better reward for in-
telligent labor and ]\rr. Gray sailed across the
Atlantic ocean early in the nineteenth cen-
tury and landed in Philadelphia. After
spending a short time in the "Quaker City"
he went to Delaware and secured employment
as a farm laborer in Xew Castle county. He
economized his earnings, and in a few years
was able to lease and stock a fann in Xew
Castle hiindred. There he remained five
yeai-s and then removed to the Johns farm
on the State road in the same himdred. For
thirty-six years lie cultivated this tract and
raised stock on it. Afterward he went to Pen-
cader hundred and leased a farm there, on
which he lived until he retired from active
work, when he moved to Red Lion hundred
and made his home with his daughter, ili-s.
Charles Deputy. Ilis fii-st political alfilia-
tions were with the "Whig-s but in his later life
he was a follower of the party of JetFci-son
and Jackson. Jaines Gray was manied, in
Xew Castle hundred, to Elizal)eth Sorden.
She was born in England in 1794 and came to
this eoxintry on the vessel in which ]\rr. Gray
sailed. They had children: I. William, de-
ceased; IT. James, deceased; III. Isabellc
(lull's Charles Deputy), deceased; IV. IVancis,
of St. George's hundred; V. ]\Iary Ann (^frs.

Solomon Deputy), of Pencader hundred; Vl.
Elizabeth, deceased; VLl. ]{ichard P.; VJII.
Henry, of Kent county, Md.; IX. ilontgum-
cry, of Ked Lion hundred. Mr. Gray died at
the home of his daughter, ]\Irs. Sohimon
Deputy, Red Lion hundred, in 1868; his wife
died in 1865; both were buned in the M. E.
church graveyard in Red J^ion hundred. All
the membei-s of their family were connected
with the j\I. E. church.

Richard L. Gray did not enjoy the advan-
tages of a liberal education. He attended the
common schools of Xew Castle hundred and
they had not then reached the high standard
afterward attained. But he obtained the rudi-
ments of an education and in after
yeai-s made good use of them as a founda-
tion for a comprehensive course of home read-
ing and study. He remained on the farm
■with his father until he was twenty-two ycare
old and then left his home to make a new one
for himself by his own exertions. lie worked
for his brother in St. George's hundred, as a
fann laborer, at wages of $10 per month, for
one year, and then leased the Townscnd farm
in Pencader hundreil. Two years later he re-
moved to the Ciemmenson farm in Red Lion
hundred and spent ten years there, in grain
and stock raising. In 1872 he crossed the
state line into Cecil county, Md., and settled
on the Dickey fann. .He remained there
thirteen years and then returned to St.
George's hundred, to the farm owned by his
fonner landlord. For the past thirteen years
he has su]iervi<ed the cultivation of 800 acres
of land, 400 in St. George's hundred and 400
in Cecil countj', Md. A laroe part of this
land is devoted to stock raising, ilr. Gray
kee])ing more than 70 head of cattle, many
sheep, horses, etc. lie is a busy man and prac-
tical farmer, and his ventures are all suc-
cessful. As a man he is very companionable.
Well informed on all public questions of the
day and a good friend. He is a school com-
missioner in District 58, of St. George's hun-
dred, ifr. firay is a Democrat of strong con-
victions and always ready to aid his jiarty in
its camjiaigns.

Richard L. Ciray was niamed, in Red Lion
hundred, January'si, 1860, to Esther, daugh-
ter of Samuel and Sarah (llillem) lioggs.
!Mrs. Gray was born in Red Lion hundred.
Her father is a well-known farmer. INIr. and
Tills, dray have (diildrcn: 1. J'lUa, at home;

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STATE OF DELAWARE

597

II. Edwardj farmer, at home; III. Laura
(ilrs. Albert Speer), of Cecil county, j\Itl.;
IV. Leslie, deceased; V. Mary, at home; VI.
Eva, deceased; VII. Sarah, at home; VIll.
Harriet, at home. J\Ir. Cray and family are
members of the M. E. church.

JOSEPH L. GIUEFITII, P. 0. Mount
PleabTiut, iS'e\y Castle county, Del., sou of
Irviu (j. and ilaria (Fi-azer) Grittith, was
born in the Second District of Cecil count}',
Md., September G, 1SG2.

The Gritfith family is of Welsh origin. Its
membei-s have resided in Delaware and Cecil
county, Md., for many yeai's and have been
respected citizens and very extensive owners
of land. Joseph Griffith, yxandfather of Jo-
seph S. Griffith, made hia home in Xewark,
Del., and from there directed the cultivation
of 1800 acres of land, some of them in Dela-
ware and some in Cecil county, Md. lie was
practical, both as a biisiness man and as a
husbandman, and acquired nuxcli wealth. In
politics he was to be found with the Demo-
cratic party. Joseph Griffith and wife had
the following children: I. Robert, of Sassa-
fras, ^Id. ; IL William, deceased; III. John,
deceased; IV. Elizabeth (.Mrs. AV. H. Lock-
Avood), of AVarwick, ]Md. ; V. Caleb, deceased;
VI. Irvin G. Mr. (Jrif^ith died in Newark
and was buried in the Iron Hill cemetery; his
wife died in Newark, and was also buried in
the Iron Hill cemetery. They were memlici's
of the Baptist church.

Irvin G. Griffith, father of Joseph S. Grif-
fith, was born in 1832 in Newark, Del. In
that town he was educated and there he re-
mained with his father until he was twenty-
five years old, assisting in the management of
the jjatcrnal acres and learning the methods
by which his father had made his business ven-
tures so profitable. When he was twenty-
five he i-emoved to Cecil county, !Md., and set-
tled on a tract of 310 acres, which he culti-
vated for a quarter of a century, raising grain,
live stock, etc. In 1883 he went to Chesa-
peake ( ity, ]\rd., where he has since
made his residence, enjoying the fruits of his
early hard labor. He is still in good health.
He is a Democrat. Irvin G. Griffith marrieil
^laria, daughter of Dr. John Frazer, of Sas-
safras, Md. Dr. Frazer was a well-known
medical practitioner of Kent and Cecil coun-
ties. Afr. and Mrs. Griffith had children: T.

Caroline (Mrs. Clayton Ellison), of St.
Augustine, .Md.; IL Joseph S. ; LIL Irvin G.,
2, fanner, of Cecil county, Md.; IV. Henry
M., Pennsylvania railroad agent and telegraph
operator of Marietta, Pa.; V. Elmira, at home,
iMi-s. Griffith is still living. Mr. Griffith and
family are membei-s of the M. E. church.

Joseph S. Griffith attended the public
schools of Jiohemia Manor, Cecil county,
Md. His home was with his father until lio
attained his majority. Then he renteil the
home farm of 310 acres and tilled it until
1888, when he moved into Delaware and
leased the Houston farm of 400 acres in St.
George's hundred. New Castle county. He
is still lessee of this large tract and is a pros-
perous fai-mer, the worthy successor of his
father, and grandfather, raises grain and live
stock and in addition conducts a dairy, ilr.
Griffith is genial and courteous, energetic,
and of kindly disposition. He is a member
of Summit Bridge Conclave, No. 105, I. O.
IL, and a Democrat.

On April 21, 1889, in Middletown, Jo-
seph S. Griffitli married Mary Louise, daugh-
ter of Ivobert A. ( ochran and grand-niece of
ex-governor Cochran of St. (Jeorge's hun-
dred. She was born in St. (ieorge's hundred
and is noted for her charms of person, her
many attainments and her culture, ilr. and
llvs. Griffith have one child, Joseph Cochran.
They are members of the Middletown P. E.
church.

JAilES T. SHALLCROSS, Middletown,
N'ew Castle comity, Del., son of Sereck and
Ann (Fenton) Shallcross, was born in St.
George's hundred. New Castle county, Del.,
July 15, 1847.

Three brotliei-s of the name of Shallcross,
Englishmen, and membei-s of the Society of
Friends, emigrated to America and settled in
Pennsylvania early in the history of that
colony; one in what is now Bucks county,
another in Delaware county, and the third,
Thomas Shallcross, in Oxford township in the
northern part of Philadelphia county, where
he spent his life in fanning. His son, Thomas
Shallcross, 2, grandfatiier of James T.
Shallcross, was born on the homestead in Ox-
ford township, in 17G3. Thomas Shallcross
owneil and cultivated a farm of 100 acres in
or near the old borough of Frankford and
now included witliin the city of Philadelphia.

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598

BIOGRA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Like liis father lu- was a Friend, and
a nun-eoiubatant. lie therefore took no active
part in tlie Revolutionary war, hut was, iia is
xisual under such eircunistances, a sulferer
from tlie dejiredations of botii armies. At
one time the Continental anny under (ieneral
AVashingtou encamped on his farm. Thomas
Shalicross was married in his native county.
His cliildren are: 1. Jacob; II. Ijenjamiu;
lir. iMary; IV. Susan; V. Thouuis; VI. Leon-
ard; VII. Zeno; VIII. Charles; IX. Eliza-
beth; X. Ann. After the death of his first
wife he was married to Ann Kester. lie died
in lb5(i, aged ninety -three, and is buried in
Cedar Hill cemetery, beside the Penn boun-
dary stone.

Jacob Shalicross, grandfather of James T.
Sliallcross, was bom ilareh 4, 1791, on the
homestead in Oxford township. This land
was part of the original grant made to the
Shalicross family by the onginal proprietor.
!Mr. Shalicross was a skilful husbaiuhnan and
owned 110 acres of fertile land in Oxford
township. lie was noted as a spoi"tsman iuid
hunted successfully in Pennsylvania and
Delaware. Jacob Shalicross was mamed, in
Oxford township, to ^Margaret, daughter of
Sereck and Ann (Crusin) Fox. Their chil-
dren are: I. Sereck Fox; II. Ann Elizabeth,
married Joseph Watennan, both deceased;
III. !Mary, married Edward Livezey, both de-
ceased; IV. Catherine (Mrs. Kichard Coch-
ran), of Middletown; V. Sarah (ilrs. W. A.
Cochran), deceased; VI. William, died in
Kent county, Md. ; VII. Tiiouuis, died in
Kent county, Md.; VIII. Fannie (Mrs. Jona-
tlian X. Williams); IX. Henry, died in youth;

X. , died in infancy. Mr. Shalicross,

his wife and family are members of the P. E.
ciiurch. lie died at the homestead April 1,
ISTrt; his widow died in Philadelphia in lS7i).
Both are buried in the fam^Jy burial place in
Cedar Hill cemetery.

Sereck Shalicross, father of James T. Shali-
cross, was bom at Fi-ankford, now a part of
Philadelphia, Pa., March 27, 1810. He was
carefully educated at home, aiul remained on
the homestead working for his father until
he attained his majority, when he began farm-
ing for himself. In 1S42 Mr. Shalicross re-
uioved to his ])resent home, a farm of 500
acres, then owned by his father, situated in
St. George's hundred. New Castle county,
Del., which lie has cultivated fir fifiv-six

yeai-s. ]\Ir. Shalicross hii^ greatly increased
the ^ value of his property by careful
cultivation and liberal management. In 1803,
he erected the handsome brick dwellin<>- in
which he now resides, and also built the home
in which his son, James, is now living. Be-
sides his large crop of cereals, he raises fine
cattle and is very successful in raising choice
fruits. His extensive peach . orchards arc
noted both for quality and quantity. Mr.
Shalicross was a A\'hig and cast his first vote
for AVilliam Henry Harrison. When, how-
e\-cr, the Republican platform granted full
equality to ttie negro, he identified himself
with the Democratic party and has ever since
voted that ticket. In 1S5S Mr. Shalicross
was elected a member of the Levy Court of
New Castle county. Like his father, Mr.
Shalicross is a fine marksman and a skilful
hunter; he is fond of sport and will track
game over maj-sh and plain \vith the untiring
zeal of a young man. Although he has passed
his eighty-second birthday, he attends per-
sonally to all the affairs of his farm and can
do a full day's work. Knowing the value of
education he has given to his children every
oi)i>ortunity that he could procure, and has
taught them by precept and example to prize
industry, honesty, and sobriety.

Sereck Shalicross was married in Phila-
delphia in 1S43, to Ann, daughter of James
and Sarah Fenton, well-known citizens of
ilontgomery county. Pa, where their daugh-
ter Ann was born. The children of Sereck
and Ann (Fenton) Shalicross are: I. Jacob;
II. James T.; IIL Anna (Jlrs. Israel Wil-
liams); IV. Sereck, resides on the homestead;
V. William, farmer in St. George's hundred.
Mrs. Shalicross was a member of the Presby-
terian church. She died at the homesteail,
December 7, 1891, and is buried in the ceme-
tery at Drawycr's church, Odessa, Del. ilr.
Shalicross was married in July, 1897, to Eliza-
beth Robinson, widow of Samuel Robinson.
James T. Sliallcross received a good educa-
tion, attending the juiblic schools of St.
(ieorge's hundred, and the well-known
Friends' Schools in Philadeljihia, Pa., com-
pleting his school course by a two years' term
iii the Peirce HusiiU'ss Colleee, Philadeljdiia.
He remained on the homestead working with
his father and acquiring a practical knowledge
ot farming and horticulture, until he was
twenty-five. In 1S72 :Mr. Sliallcross re-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

i)9

moved to the farm on which he now resides,
then owned by his father, and began fanning
for liimself. Here ho hud the foundation of
liis wealth by industry, entei-prise and a care-
ful, scientifio study of tlie needs and adapta-
tions of the land under cultivation. lie has
added acre to acre imtil he is now one uf tlie
largest laud-owners of the connty, and has
nndcr culti\ation 1,100 acres in St. Cieorge'a
hundred and a farm of 250 acres in Caroline
county, Md. Be.-ides general fanning Mr.
Shallcross is extendi vely engaged in' riii^ing live-
stock of all kinds, and is very succcfesful in this
departuK'nt. His animals are ail of the best
quality and in excellent condition, the result
of his careful, liberal maiuigcment. His
hoi-ses are well-trained and valuable and from
his large herds of cattle, sheep and hogs ho
supplies the Wilmington markets, killing
twice each week. ]\Ir. Shallcross has three
hundred head of sheep, and is the tirst and
only man in the hnndrtd who has undertaken
to raise "hot house lamb." lie supplies the
markets of Philadelphia and New York witli
this delicacy during the mouths of February,
]\[arch and April, receiving a golden reward
for his care and entei-prise. Ilis poultry also
commands the highest prices. Mv. Shallcross
is tlie largest fruit grower in I^ew Castle conn
ty having 100 acres of trees in bearing. He
cultivates none but choice fniits, and having
exiteuded thousands of dollai's in experiments
has ascertained what varieties are best suited
to the climate, and how tg cultivate and to
enricli the soil in order to secure the finest
quality, as well as the largest yield per acre.
Jlr. Shallcross is the only fniit grower in the
hundred who has paid any attention to peai-s.
He has fifty acres in apples, and fifty acres in
peaches besides pears and small fruits in St.
(Jeorge's hundred alone, and has planted ex-
tensive peach orchards on his fann
in Caroline county, Md. . In A])ril,
1S9S, Mr. Shallcross added ta his other
industries a large grist and flour mill
which he operates to its full cai)acity of
fifty barrels per day. His enterprise and en-
ergy have not only enriche<l hiinsfU' but have
blessed the entire community, affording to his
numerous employees a healthful and jirofita-
ble means of support. In 1SS8 ^Ir. Shallcross
was made recorder of deeds for New ( 'astle
county, receiving- his appointment from (lov-
cnior iiigg-s, and filled the oiHc'c aco ptaiily
for five years. He has also served as a mem-

ber of the board of school commissioners of
St. George's hundred. His prudence and
good judgment have made him iniiuential in
the county and his fellow-citizens have called
him to fill many positions of trust and respon-
sibility. He is a stock-holder, and a member
of the board of directors of the National Bank
of New Castle comity, at Odessa, Del., a
stock-holder and director of Cantwell's Fire
Iiisurance Com])any, of Odessa, and president
of the Building and Loan Association of
Odessa. In 1894, he was foreman of the
grand jury of New Castle county. Mr. Shall-
cross was a Bepublican and cast his first vote
for tr. S. Grant, but like his father, was op-
posed to tlie fifteenth amendment, and since it
was passed has identified himself with the
Hemocratic party. J. T. Shallcross was elected
a member of the Delaware State Legislature
in 1898.

James T. Shallcross was married in 1872,
in the old Drawyer's church at Odessa, Del.,
to Mary E., daughter of Wilson E. and Mary
(Downs) Vandegrift, who was born in St.
George's hundred. Their children are: I.
Mary A., attending the Friends' Central Col-
lege in Philadelphia, in 1895, for three years
an efiicient teacher in her native hundred; II.
James T., educated in the public schools of
the district, and in the Friends' school at Wil-
mington, Del.; III. Eugene; IV. Esther; V.
Helen; VI. Edwin. :\Ir. Shallcross and his
wife are noted for their hospitality, and
friends are always welcome to share the de-
lights of their cheerful hajjpy liome. ^Mr.
Shallcross, his wife and family are members
of Drawyer's Presbyterian churcli.

WILLIAM H. VOSHELL, P. O. McDon-
ough. New Castle connty, Del., son of Wil-
liam and Hannah (Faulkner) Voshell, was
born in ^Murderkill hmidred, Kent county,
Del., April 2(j, 1850.

His ancestors came to America from France
and settled in Delaware in the early part of
the eighteenth century. His father was born
in ]\rurdcrkill hundred in 1813. The par-
ents of William Voshell died when he was
very young and the youth was "bound put"
to a farmer for whom he laliorcd until he was
twenty-one years old. His only remunera-
tion was his clothing and boarding. Even the
o]i))ortunity of attending the district school
a .short time during the winter months was de-
nied him, and none in the farmer's household

i.'ve.

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GOO

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

taught bim to read or write. These primary
accoiiiplishnieuts were left to be acquired af-
terward. After leaving his tai^k-inaster, Mr.
Vushell rented a fann in the same hundred
and set to work with a stout heart and strong
arms to accumulate sufficient money to pur-
chase a farm for liiniself. This purpose he
aecomiilislied in a comparatively short time.
His home consisted of 100 acres in !Murderkill
hundred, which he improved, erecting a new
dwelling house, barn, etc. He made his land
very productive, and raised on it gTain,
peaches, apples and other fruit.s and found
place, besides, for feeding live stock. On this
farm he still resides. His pohtical views are
those of the Democratic party. William
Vo:^llell married Hannah, daughter of Iiob-
ert Faulkner, a farmer. She was born in
^Murderkill hundred. ^Ir. and ]\[i-s. Voshell
had children: I. Mary (Mrs. Josejih AVells),
of ^lurderkill hundred; II. Martha, at home;
III. Daniel, farmer, of West Dover hundred,
Kent county, Deh; IV. Matilda (Mvs. Cap-
tain G. Lolis), widow, her husband was lost at
sea; V. "William II.; YI. Andrew, on the
liomestcad farm; VII. David, of Kochester,
X. Y.; VIII. Ezekiel, deceased; IX. Susan,
at home; X. Katharine, died when young.
Mrs. Voshell died in 1892, and was buried in
Canterbury ]\I. E. graveyard, Kent county.
She was a member 'of the M. E. church. ]\Ir.
Voshell is a communicant in the same church.
William H. Voshell was a pupil in the
public schools of his native hundred. Until
he was eighteen years old he remained on the
farm at home, after which lie spent three
years in learning flour-milling with John
llenson. Wlien he had completed his appren-
ticeship he worked as a journeyman for John
Drumuiond, near iliddletowu. New Castle
county. After a sliort time he moved to the
Spring mills in St. George's hundred, and was
manager there for Charles T. Smith for nine
years, renting the mills for a short time. He~
removed to the Dover mill for eighteen
montlis, but in 18SG retiu'ned and purchased
the Spring mills for $5,500. In the ])ast
twelve years he has expended more than
$G,000 in improvements, re-equipping the
mills with roller maciiinery and enlarging
their capacity. He has also built a handsome
and comfortable dwelling house near the
mills. In 1S97 ilr. Voshell leased the brick
mills, St. Genrge's hundred, and opLT.ites tlu^se

in connection with the Spring mills. He is the
only miller in his hundred and has incre;Lsed
the business of his mills greatly by his thor-
ough knowledge of his trade, and his industry
and enter])rise. He is a good citizen, \vbo-(i
wortli is appreciated by his fellows. He is a
mendier of Odessa Conclave, 1. O. H., and
was, at one time, an Odd Fellow. He has
been inspector of elections and is a school com-
missioner. He is a Democrat.

In April, 18S2, William IT. Voshell mar-
ried, in St. George's hundred, Sarah C,
daughter of Thomas and ilartha (.Morris)
iloore, who was born in Sussex countv. They
have children: I. Koy; II. William; III.
ilartha. Mr. Vosiiell and family are mem-
bers of the il. E. church. Mr. Voshell is one
of the stewards of the congregation and a
teaclier and was at one time superintendent
of the Sabbath school.

BENJAMIN ARMSTRONG, P. 0. Mid-
dletown, Del., son of Henjamin Vance and
l^lixry (Moore) Armstrong, was bom at Arm-
strong's Corner, St. George's hundred, New-
Castle county, Del., August 2, 1821.

The Armstrong family is of Irish descent
and was among the first to settle in St.
George's hundred. Henjamin Armstrong,
grandfather of Benjamin Armstrong, of
.Middletown, was a native of New Castle
county. By trade he was a carpenter and
builder. He made his home ])rinci[)ally in St.
George's hundred and was a respected citizen.
He married a ]\Iiss Vance and they had one
child, Benjamin Vance, ^li-s. Annsti-ong
died in St. George's hundred and ^tr. Arm-
strong married a second time. He died in St.
Ge<jrge's hundred.

Benjanun Vance Armstrong was born in
St. George's hundred. His mother died when
he was very young and he received but lit-
tle education in the schools and nothing but
hai-sh treatment from his stepmother. He did
not remain at home long after her advent into
the family but started out to make his own
home away from her influence. He trudged
as far west as llagerstown, ild., and there
bouiul himself to a shoemaker, with whom he
remained until he was twenty years old. By
that time he had mastered his trade and he
continued his journey to the we.st and south.
For several years he worked as a farm laborer
during the summer anil made and reiiaired

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A>^« A -...^

STATE OF DELAWARE

603

boots and shoes during tlie fall and winter.
Then he returned to the home of his boyhood
and plied his trade at Armstrong's C'omer
until witiiin a few years of his death. He
also purchased and improved a tract of 70
acres of land in St. George's hundred,
lie was a good citizen and a well-liked neigh-
bor, ^llis tirst vote was cast for Thomas Jeflf-
erson for President in lyOO, and he was a
stanch supporter of that leader's politics until
his death. Benjamin Vance Armstrong mar-
ried ilary, daughter of Francis Moore, who
was born in St. George's hundred. Mr. Moore
was of Swedish descent. His ancestors were
among the earliest settlers of New Castle
county. Mr. and ilrs. Armstrong had chil-
dren: I. Francis, died when young; II. Ma-
tilda v., deceased; 111. Joseph, deceased; lY.
ilary Ann (Mrs. Thomas Williston), de-
ceased; V. Benjamin; VI. Sarah (IMi-s. Tim-
othy C. Harbest), both deceased; VII. Mar-
garet (Mrs. II. K. Hayes), of Baltimore; thres
other children died in infancy. Mr. Arm-
strong died at the age of eighty-four years,
his widow died at her home in St. George's
hundred, at the age of ninety-four; both were
buried in the old Forest Presbyterian chiirch
graveyard at Armstrong's ( Corner. Mi-s. Arm-
strong and fanuly were faithful members of
the Presbyterian church.

Benjamin Armstrong is one of the best in-
formed men of his hundred and that he is
such is due to his own efforts. In his youth-
ful days schools were few and they had not
the text books and supplies or the well
equipped teachers of the present day. The
school to wluch young Annstrong was sent
was four ndles from his home, and he was, it
can readily be supposed, irregular in his at-
tendance. Kis days unoccupied by school and
the routine fann work were spent on his
father's shoemaker's bench, and he worked at
that trade and on the fann until he was twen-
ty-eight years old.^ Then he leased the Wil-
liams farm of 160 acres (now owned by ex-
Governor J. P. Cochran) and has resided on it
the past forty-eight year^, growing grain,
fruit and live stock and operating a dairy. All
thi'< time ln' has been adding to his
uiaterial y ■ -sions and he purchased the
Walker f-.um of 120 acres which his son, Ben-
jamin \'ance now cultivates, and a 400 acre
tract of land in Queen Anne county, .\M. He
ownsinaddition, several houses at AnitetnuiLi's

Comer and for the past twenty years has oper-
ated, at Price's Corner, the only brick manu-
facturing establisliment in St. George's hun-
dred. The ground on which the Forest Pres-
byterian church is erected was donated by
Mr. Annstrong. Mr. Armstrong is a most
companionable man, a good neighbor and pos-
-sessed of unusual business acumen. He is
strictly temperate and never uses tobacco or
liquors. His politics are of the Jackson
school.

On December 31, 1863, Benjamin Arm-
strong married Elizabeth, daughter of Wil-
liam T. and Eleanor (Hendrickson) Stoops,
who was Iwm near Armstrong's Comer, and
who is highly educated and a woman of much~
culture. They had children: I. Henry
K., mechanical engineer, at home, married
Estella (linn, deceased, has two children, i.
Ida, ii. Ellen Anna; II. B. Vance, fanner, of
St. George's hundred; III. William II., farm-
er, of Queen Anne county, Md. ; IV. Ellen
A., died in infancy. Mr. and ilrs. Armstrong
are members of the Presbyterian church.

The grandfather of Mrs. Annstrong,
Aaron Stoops, was of Swedish descent, a na-
tive oi New Castle county, a fanner and land-
owner. He was a stanch Democrat. He mar-
ried Elizabeth Thompson. They had chil-
dren: I. Ann; TI. George; III. William T.;
IV. Albert; V. Mary; VI. Eliza; VII. Caro-
line; VIII. Eobert; IX. Samuel; X. Infant,
deceased. Mr. Stoops died in 1877, at the
home of his son, William T., in New Castle
hundred; his widow died at Hare's Corner;
both were buried in the Stoops family vault
near Hare's Corner, New Castle hundred.
They were members of the Old Baptist
church.

William T. Stoops, father of Mrs. Arm-
strong, was born in New Castle hundred in
1810. He received a good common school
education and afterward learned caqientry.
His trade acquired, he \vent to the west, in-
tending to make his home there, hut frontier
life had no channs for him, and he retumed
to Delaware. He ])urchased 500 acres of land
from Captain J. il. Stnith. This tract was
in St. George's hundred and "Mr. Stoo]i^ ?oon
disposed of half of it and fi" ■ 1 the 250 acres
remaining. He erected wli.u was then the
finest residence in the country i hereabouts.
The structure was of bnck bunied on his own
farm and was the first in the district composed

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604

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

of such enduring material. Inl867 he sokl his
farm and removed to Hare's Corner, New Cas-
tle liundred, his birtliplacc. There he bought
130 acres of land, which he imj)roved by the
building of a dwelling house, etc. He con-
tinued on this farm until his death. lie also
owned 1,200 acres of land in Somerset county,
Md., acquired by good business investments
in his later years. William T. Stoops married
Eleanor, daughter of Joseph Ilendrickson, a
fanner of Swedish descent. Mrs. Stoops was
born near Wilmington. Mr. and Mi-s. Stoops
had these children: I. Alonzo, of Philadel-
phia; II. Eliza Vietli (Mrs. Benjamin T. Ann-
strong); III. Ann M., of Philadelphia; IV.
Edward, A., farmer of Queen Anne county,
Md. ; V. William, died when young; VI.
Franklin, died in infancy. Mrs. Stoops died
at her home in St. (ieorge's hundred and was
buried in the family vault at Hare's Corner.
Mr. Stoops married, as his second wife, Mary
DeShields, of French descent, and widow of
John Messick. They had two children: I.
William D., an insurance agent, of New Cas-
tle; II. John D., a student of theology and
local preacher. Mi". Stoops died at his home
in 1892 and was buried in the family vault.
His death was due to a broken hip, caused by
a fall. Mrs. Stoo])s died at Hare's Corner,
and was buried in the Old Swedes' church
graveyard, Wilmington. Mr. Stoops and his
family were members of the M. E. church.

JOHN W. DAVIDSON, deceased, son of
John and Jane (Hutchinson) Davidson, was
bom near Elkton, Cecil county, Aid., June
11, 1821.

John Davidson, his father, was born in
Cecil county, Md., in June, 1787. He w is
of Scotch descent and made farming his life
occupation. He acquired much property.
Politically, he was a follower of Jeffei-son and
his doctrines. He married Jane Hutchinson,
of Maryland. She was likewise of Scotch de-
scent. They had children: I. M:u-v (Mrs.
John Egle); IL William, deceased- III. Al-
examlcr, farmer, of New Castle county, Del.;
IV. John W.; V. Amos E., butcher, of New
Castle; VI. C-eorge A., died when young. Mr.
Davidson died in Newark, Del., in 1831, and
was buried in the Christiana Presbyterian
graveyard; "Mi-s. Davidson died and wa^
buried in Delaware City. Mr. Dnvid-cm and

his family were members of the Christiana
Presbyterian church.

John W. Davidson wa:^ given the oppor-
tunity of obtaining a good education when a
youth, and he did not neglect it. When his
school duties permitted he assisted his fa'iier
on the fann and when he was eighteen years
old he learned carpentrj'. For about fifteen
yeai-b he was busily employed at his trade and
then he turned his attention to farm-
ing. He leased these fanns for the periods
mentioned: The W. D. Clark farm, near
Delaware City, Eed Lion hundred, one year;
a farm near Port Penn, St. George's liundred,
one year; a farm in Cecil county, ]\Id., the
county of his birth, four years; the A. E. Da-
vidson fann in Eed Lion hundred, seven
years; the Reybold farm in Ped Lion hun-
dred, two years; and another farm in the same
hundred, five years; a farm near Christiana,
New Castle hundred, five years. After these
years of hard work he retired for a short time,
but in 1882 he returned to his old life and
purchased the Lloyd fann of 210 acres in St.
(ieorge's liundred, where he remained until his
death. On this tract he made numerous im-
provements, planted and harvested abundant
crops of grain, fed scores of live stock and
operated a daiiy. He was a farmer of more
than ordinary ability and a student of all the
conditions which go to make up profitable ''■-'oi^->
husbandry. Schools, roads and crops were '"^^
equally important in his estimation and re-
ceived like attention. His neighbors appre-
ciated his fitness for their local oftices and ho
was chosen school commissioner and road com-
missioner of Red Lion hundred, in botli of
A\'hich positions he was of valued service to his
community. He was a good neighbor, a kind
husband and father and his death was sincere-
ly regretted. He was a Democrat.

John Davidson married, in Salem, N. J.,
April 8, 1840, Hannah, daughter of Samuel
and Susan (Acton) Hall. Mi-s. Davidson was
born in Salem. Her father was of English
descent and a farmer. Mr. and ]\Irs. David- .., '
son had childi-en: T. Amos, farmer, of
Cecil county, ]\ld.; II. Clement, at home; III.
Susanna, at home; IV. Helen J. (^Mrs. Albert
Cr. P.rown), of Bear Station, New Castle
hundred; X. Harriet, died when young; VI.
Infant, deceased. :Mr. Davidson died in St.
C.eorge's hundred, ilarch 29, 1S97, and was
buried in Delaware City. He was a member

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, ,.. 14.' .'

STATE OF DELAWARE

(505

of the M. E. church. ]\rrs. Davidson resides
on the fiinn with her son Clement and daugh-
ter Susanna. She is a woman of excellent traits
of character. Some time ago she was stricken
with paralysis ajul suffers much from it. She
and her children belong to the M. E. chiu'ch.
Clement Davidson was horn in New Cas-
tle hundred, Del., March 12, 1849. He at-
tended the public schools of New Castle coun-
ty and completed his educational training in
Delaware City Academy. Then he returned
to the farm and has devoted all his energies
to the cultivation of the many acres that were
given into his charge. He is a genial and
popular resident of his hundred. Clement
Davidson is a Democrat and was elected a
school commissioner on his party's ticket. He
has never married and resides with his mother
and a sister.

WILLIAM M. CLENDANIEL, P. O.
Middletown, Del., son of John and Mary
Elizabeth (Iligman) Clendaniel, was bom in
Cedqr Creek hundred, Sussex county, Del.,
October 14, 1862.

The paternal ancestors of ilr. Clendaniel
"were Scotch. His grandfather, Capt. "William
Clendaniel, was a native of Sussex county and
always had his home there. For several years
he was captain of vessels on the Delaware Bay
and river, but devoted nearly all his lifetime
to fanning. He was a Democrat of the old
school. He has children: I. John; II.
Henry; IIL Thomas; IV. Pemel; V. Eliza-
beth; and one whose name is not remembered.
Captain Clendaniel died in Sussex county in
1884, and was buried in the M. E. graveyard.

John Clendaniel, father of William ]\[.
Clendaniel, was bom in Cedar Creek hundred,
Sussex county. He was educated there and
worked on the farm with his father imtil he
was twenty-seven years old, when he removed
to New C'astle county and rented a fann in
Appoquinimink hundred. There he spent
four years. In 1869 he removed to Kent
county, ]\[d., and began the cultivation of a
tract of land owned by ex-Goveraor J.. P.
Cochran. There he remained twenty-eight
years. He was a successful farmer and stock-
raiser, well-known and esteemed and a strong
advocate of a good education for the youth of
the state. He -was always a Democrat and
labored for party victories but never arcojited
an othcc. John Clendaniel nuirried .Mary

Elizabeth, daughter of Maulove Higman, who
was born in Cedar Creek hundred. They had
children: I.Elizabeth; II. George, died in
nifajicy; III. William M.; IV. John IL,
farmer, of Second district of Kent county,
ild.; V. Clara (Mrs. Cornelius Kollison), of
Kent county, ]\Id.; VI. Emma; VII. Anna
(ilrs. Thomas Ilurlock), of New Ca.stle coun-
ty, Del.; VIII. Mary; IX. Howard, farmer
of Kent county, Md. Mr. Clendaniel died in
Kent county, February 22, 1897; his widow
died December 15, 1897; both were buried
in the Chestertown cemetery, Kent county,
Md. Mrs. Clendaniel was a consistent mem-
ber of the M. P. church.

William M. Clendaniel was but a young
boy when his father removed from Sussex
county, Del., to ^tlaryland, and his fii-st educa-
tional training was obtained in the schools of
the Second district of Kent county. He re-
mained on the farm -with his father, acquiring
a knowledge of agriculture, until he was twen-
ty-one years old, when he leased a farm in
Cecil county, and cultivated it for four years.
In 1888 he removed to St. George's hundred.
New Castle county, Del., and rented a tract
of land from ex-Governor J. P. Cochran.
There he has spent the past ten yeai-s in the
successful cultivation of grain and raising of
live-stock, and the management of a dairy. In
1S93 he purchased a grain threshing outfit
at a cost of $1,500 and has operated it very
profitably in his neighborhood. He is a Demo-
crat but has never yet been pereuaded to ac-
cept an ofiice, and says that he will never
change his mind. Mr. Clendaniel is a genial
and highly respected man.

In March, 1891, William M. Clendaniel
married, at Chestertown, Md., Laura E.,
daughter of Charies and Mary E. (Bryan)
Watts. ;Mrs. Clendaniel was bom in the Sec-
ond district of Kent county, ild. Her father,
who is now deceased, was a farmer; her mother
resides in Chestertown. Mr. and ]\ri's. Clen-
daniel have children: I. William Watts; IL
Charies Elwood; III. George Watson. Mr.'
and Mrs. Cledaniel are communicants of the
]\L E. church.

JAMES JACKSON BPOWN, P. O.
]\rount Pleasant, New Castle count}', Del.,
son of James and Jane (Boyd) Brown, was
born in St. George's hundred, New Castle
county, Del., ifarch 16, 1830.

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006

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

When Delaware was but sparsely settled
a portion of the Brown family emigrated from
England and found a home on its
fertile lands. Descendants of this branch of
the Brown kindred have lived in Delaware
ever since and have been honored and useful
citizens. James Brown, father of James
Jackson Brown, was boni near Camden, Kent
County, in 1789. There he went to school as
a lad, but, his mother dying when he was very
young, the family was separated. When he
was nine years old James Brown went a short
distance north, into New Castle county, and
was reared on a farm there. His early training
served him throughout his life, for he con-
tinued the cultivation of the soil until he be-
came physically incajjacitated for work. Af-
ter his marriage he rented a farm in St.
George's hundred and resided there a long
time. A few yeai-s were spent in Pencader
hundred, New Castle county. The final years
of his life were passed with his son, James
Jackson. Mr. Brown was a Democrat of the
Jackson school. After he became of age he
voted for every Democratic candidate for
President, except Horace Greeley; he did not
believe in that aspirant's Democracy; it was
not of the Jackson kind. He never sought an
ofhce but always supported his party and did
his political duty as a good citizen. James
Brown married, in St. Cieorge's hundred,
Jane, daughter of Jacob Boyd. She was born
in St. George's hundred and her father was an
old settler and land-owner in New Cas-
tle county. Mr. and Mrs. Brown had chil-
dren: I. Elizabeth (Mrs. Joseph Belville),
deceased; II. ^Marj' (Jilrs. John Brown), de-
ceased; III. William, died when young; IV.
Sarah J., died when young; Y. Annie, de-
ceased; VI. Lydia, deceased; VII. Bebecca,
died at age of eighteen; VIII. James Jackson;
IX. Martha J. (Mrs. James M. Vandyke),
widow. 'Mr. Brown died at the home of his
son, James Jackson, in 1874, and was buried
in the Middletown M. E. church graveyard.
Mrs. Brown died in 18.36, at Mount Pleas-
ant. She was buried at Asbury chapel grave-
yard, at Boyd's Corner, St. George's hundred.
She was a member of the M. E. church and
a most estimable woman.

James Jackson Brown attended the public
schools in St. George's hundred and has
since spent his days on a farm. He remained
with his father until the latter was no longer

able to care for himself, and then he took him
to his home and gave him loving attention
untU death claimed him. In 1851 Mr.
Brown rented a farm in St. George's hun-
dred and cultivated it for five yeai-s. In 185d
he leased e.\-Governor J. P. Cochran's farm
near Mount Pleasant and has been tenant
there for more than forty-two years. He is
ne.xt to the oldest tenant e.x-Governor Coch-
ran has on his rolls and has been on one farm
long'er than any of his associates. This fact
proves him a capable husbandman and an
honorable man. Mr. Brown cultivates lUG
acres of land and raise-s general farm produce
and live stock; in connection with the farm he
has a dairy. He is a stanch Democrat, as was
to be expected of his father's son, but has
never been a seeker after office.

On April 13, 18G5, in St. George's hun-
dred, James Jackson Brown married Eliza-
beth, daughter of Nathaniel and Elizabeth
(Dennis) Newnum, who was bom in Kent
county, Del. They have one child, James
Jackson, 2, who is now attending school. Mr.
and Mrs. Brown are genial, hospitable ami
well-liked. Mrs. VanDyke, Mr. Brown's sis-
ter, makes her home with them. They are
members of the Middletown ]\I. E. church.

JAMES L. WARREN, P. O. Middletown,
Del., son of David and Sarah J. (LeCompte)
Warren, was born in St. George's hundred.
New Castle^county, Del., April 9, 1865. His
paternal ancestors were English. His father,
David Warren, was born in Sussex comity,
Del., in 1836. During a comparatively short
period after he engaged in farming, he ac-
cumulated sufficient money to purchase a
farm of 230 acres near Mount Pleasant, St.
George's hundred, where his widow now has
her home. He was temperate in his habits and
very fond of his home, a good father and hus-
band. In his early days he was a Whig and
afterward joined the Republican party.
David Warren married, in Pencader hundred,
Sarah J., daughter of Charles and ilary J.
(Casperson) LeCompte. Mrs. Warren was
born near Wilmington. Her family is of
French extraction and has long had a home
in Delaware. ~S\r. and ^frs. Warren had two
children: I. Child, died in infancy; II. James
L. Mr. AVarren died in St. George's hundred
in 1885, and was buried in the il. E. church
graveyard in that bundred.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

607

James L. Warren assisted his father on his
farm imtil the death of the hitter, and after-
w;ird remained witli his mother until 1889.
He cultivates general farm produce, and gives
much attention to tine live stock; is exceed-
ingly fond of good horses and well-hred cat-
tle and his farm is noted particularly for the
superiority of the stock bred there.

Mf. Warren is temperate in his habits,
popular and esteemed. He is a Democrat who
gives his painty hearty support but never looks
forward to, nor would accept, a political of-
fice.

On April 9, 1889, in St. George's hundred,
James L. AVarren married Oka C, daughter
of Thomas Cochran, granildaughter of K. T.
Cochran. Mrs. Warren was born in St.
George's hundred, February 17, 1869. She
and her husband are members of the Presby-
terian church.

RICHARD CLAYTON, Middletown,
Del., deceased son of Joshua and Lydia A.
(Clayton) Clayton, was born near Moimt
Pleasant, St. (Jeorge's hundred, New Castle
county, Deh, September 13, 1842.

The Clayton family is one of the oldest
and most prominent, socially and politically,
in Delaware. Joshua Clayton, the firet gov-
ernor of the state under the constitution of
1792, was great-grandfather of Richard Clay-
ton, and his son, Thomas Clayton, the
grandfather of Richard, was chief justice of
the commonwealth which has given so many
eminent men to the service of this country.
C'hief Justice Thomas ( 'layton married Jean-
nette ilcComb, daughter of Eleazer McComb.
They had four children: I. Joshua; TT.

Elizabeth (ill's. Young); III.

Jeannette (ilrs. Robert Frame); IV.

<lied when young.

Joshua Clayton, father of Richard Clay-
ton, was bom in Dover, T)el., in 1802. He
was partially educated at Newark Academy
and was graduated from Princeton College,
N. J. He read law with his father. Chief
Justice Clayton, and was admitted to the bar
of New Castle county. For several yo^irs he
practiced his profession but it was not con-
genial to him; he therefore abandoned it,
and purchased a tract of 3,000 acres of land
in the vicinity of Mount Pleasant, St.
George's hundred, New Castle county. This
land belonged to what was known as P>oheniia

ilanor, two thousand acres of which were in
New Castle county, Del., and the remainder
in Cecil and Kent counties, !Md. Eight hun-
dred acres were farmed under Mr. Clayton's
immediate supervision. He made many iui-
jirovenients to the land and the buihlings,
raised large quantities of grain, raised live
stock on a large scale and became one of the
most extensive cultivators of peaches in the
county of New Castle. In 1878, he removed
fnim the farm to a handsome home which he
had erected near iliddletown. There he Sjient
the last ten years of his life. Colonel Clayton
(as he was generally called) was secretary,
when he was a young man, to Caesar A. Rod-
ney, United States ilinister to the United
States of LaPlata, South America, resident at
Buenos Ayres, and accompanied him on his
southern mission. He was endowed ^\dth fine
literary taste and much ability, and was the
author of a number of volumes which were
very favorably received by the critics and the
reading puldic. He owned a large number
cif slaves before the Civil War. He was
originally a Whig, but after the war gave
his allegiance to the Democratic party.

Joshua Clayton married, on Bohemia
Manor, Lydia A., daughter of Richard Clay-
ton and gTanddaughter of ex-Governor Clay-
ton. They had these children: I. Thomas,
died in 1897; II. Henry, died in 1896; III.
Richard, ilrs. Clayton died in 1849 and was
buried in St. Anne's P. E. graveyard near
]\Iiddletown. Colonel Clayton's second wife
was Martha, daughter of Richard Lockwood,
merchant, of iliddletown. Mi-s. Clayton was
born in ifiddlctown. Their children were:
I. Adelaide (Mrs. Charles S. Ellison), of
Cecil county ^Md.; II. ]\Ic(^omb, of Phila-
delphia; III. Mary (Mrs. J. F. Price), widow;
IV. Joshua, 2, M. D., of Modena, Chester
county. Pa.; V. Elizabeth (Mi-s. Thomas
Williams), of New York City, widow; VI.
Eugene, deceaseil; VII. Fannie (Mrs. N. J.
Williams), of New York. IVIrs. Clayton died
in 1887, and was buried in St. Anne's grave-
yard. She as a mendier of the P. E. church.
Colonel Clayton died in 1888, and was buried
in St. Anne's graveyard.

Richard Clayton attended the public
schools of St. George's hundred and conclud-
ed his school years at ifiddletown and Newark
Academies. He remained on the home farm
until he was twcntv-two years old and then

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608

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

became a husbandman on his own account on
one of liis father's fanns, a tract of 205 acres
near Mount Pleasant. He remained there
until 1SS4, when he retired after a very suc-
cessful career as peach-grower, stock-raiser
and general farmer. He leased his land and
made his home during the last fourteen year's
of his life in Middletown, where ho erected
a large residence. In connection with his
house in that city there is a well-filled con-
servatory to which he gave much attention.
Mr. Clayton was a popidar man and a useful
citizen. He was a Democrat but never sought
ottice. He was clerk of the ilouiif Pleasant
school board for fifteen years, and was always
deeply interested iu the education of the
young.

On April 20, 1864, in Kirk wood, Richard
Clayton mamed Clara L., daughter of
Eichard T. Cann, of Kirkwood. They have
children: I. Lydia May, at home; II. Adella
C. (Mrs. Thomas Clayton Frame, Jr.), of
Dover; III. Clarence Jl., educated at !Mid-
dletown Academy and was gi-aduated from a
Business College, Wilmington, now clerk in
the county recorder's ofHce at Wilmington;
IV. Lillic, at home. Mr. Clayton and family
are members of the P. E. church. Richard
Clayton died suddenly of heart trouble, on
Sunday, danuaiy 30, 1S98.

ROBERT THOMAS COCHRAN, P. 0.

^Middletown, Del., was born on the Thomas
farm, in Apjxiquinimink hundred, Septem-
ber 29, 1814, and is the second son of Robert
and -Rebecca (Ryland) Cochran. His elder
brother is Hon. John P. Cochran, ex-gover-
nor of Delaware.

The first school which Robert T. Cochran
attended was taught by an Irish schoolmaster
named Dean, in an old log schoolhouse at
Cantwell's Bridge, now Odessa. He went to
school afterwards in ]\Iiddletown, and com-
pleted his course at Xewark vVcademy, then
under the care of Rev. Alexander K. Russell,
a Presbyterian minister. He then assisted in
the cultivation of his father's farm until he
was nearly twenty years old, when his father
gave him a farm of 400 acres, the same now
occupied by Ricliard R. Cochran. Here Rob-
ert T. Cochran passed thirty-one Ycai"s, en-
gaged in raising grain, peaches, etc., aiul in
rearing live stock. In ISfifi, he removed with
his family to his present home, bnilt in that

year upon a tract of 120 acres known as the
W. II. Morton farm. Mr. Cochran was
among the first in Delav,-are to pay special at-
tention to the cultivation of peaches, in which
he was very successful, and became one of
the largest shippers. His diligenc* and thrift
made him one of the most extensive land-
holdei-s of the hundred; he o\vns 1,000 acres
in New Castle county, Del., and the same in
Kent county, Md. Since 1887, he has been
largely interested in the creamery industry,
in which he has invested $12,000; he owns
the fii-st creamery in Middletown, one in Cecil-
ton, Cecil county, Md., three separate in-
terests at Earlville and one at Churchtown,
Cecil county, and one at IMassey, Kent county,
]\Id. Although an octogenarian, Mr. Coeli-
ran, who was endowed with a sound and vig-
orous constitution, full of vitality, and with
con-esponding energy and decision, is still as
active as a man in the prime of life, and at-
tends to all of his own business. Besides this,
he is interested in all cun-ent topics, at home
and abroad, and by reading keeps himself
abreast with the progress of the world's affairs.
His memoiy, which is remarkably clear and
retentive, is a rich storehouse for the fruits of
time; he can readily refer to any
event of which he has ever had cog-
nizance, giving place, time and circum-
stances so accurately as to make his re-
collections serviceable as well as interesting.
Cordial and companionable with eveiy one,
old and young, no man is more widely known
in Middletown than Mr. Cochran; every
afternoon, let the weather be what it may,
his tall, imposing figure may be seen and his
sonorous voice heard in the streets. Candid
in his utterances, sincere in his professions,
he takes a generous pleasure in befriending
all who need his kind offices, and in dispens-
ing the hospitalities of his home. Bred in the
political school of "Old Hickory," Mr. Coch-
ran has been all his life a stanch Democrat;
but, although repeatedly solicited, he has
never been prevailed ujion to accept any pub-
lic ofllce. He is heartily opposed to "ring"
rule, or partisan trickery. His first presiden-
tial vote was cast in 1836, for ilartin Van
Buren, and he has voted at eveiy election for
the national chief magistrate since that time,
except when Horace Greeley was tlie candi-
date of his party; IMr. Cochran then declined
to ca.-^t aiiv vote at all. Px'fore the war of the

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■1..!.,

STATE OF DELAWARE

609

Rebellion, he owned several slaves; he was
opposed to the war, but not on that account;
it was because, while condemning secession, he
finnly believed it possible to maintain the
Union without bloodshed. For about twenty
yeai"s, he was inspector of elections, but de-
clined to serve after the passage of the Fif-
teenth Amendment.

~ Robert Thomas Cochran was first man-ied
in October, 11^35, at the Red Lion hotel, in
Red Lion hundred, to Elizabeth R., daugh-
ter of Alexander and Maria (Nandain)
Moody. ]\ri-s. Cochran was born in Saint
George's hundred; her father, who was of
English descent, was a farmer of that hun-
dred; her mother's family is of French ori-
gin, and was known among the earliest set-
tlei-s of the state. Tlie children of that mar-
riage are: I. Robert A., farmer, of Appoquin-
iniink hundred; II. Alice R., wife of Ed-
ward F. Nowland, M. D., one of the oldest
physicians of Middletown; III. Maa"!y F.,
wife of Samuel A. Reynolds, commission mer-
chant, of Middletown; IV. Richard R., re-
siding on the olil home farm; V. Elizabeth R.,
died young; VI. Thomas, commission mer-
chant, of Jersey City. X. J. ; besides four,
who died in early infancy. Mi's. Elizabeth
R. Cochran died January 31, 1848, and is in-
terred in the cemetery of Forest Presbyterian
church, of which she was a faithful member.
To her sister, Sophia A. ]\Ioody, Mr. Cochran
was married on April 17, 1849; their chil-
dren are: I. Dan M., farmer on one of his
father's farms; II. Elizabeth, died in infancy.
!Mrs. Sophia Cochran died October 21, 1851;
her remains also repose in the burying ground
of the Forest Presbyterian church, her spirit-
ual home during her life. Robert T. Cochran
was again married, September 1, 1853, at
iSTewark, Del., to ilary Francina, daughter
of James and Cini Patton, of that place. She
died August 12, 1888, and is buried in the
cemetery of the Forest church; she was, how-
evei', a member of the Episcopal church. Mr.
Cochran is liberal in his religious views.

Richard R. Cochran, son of Robert Thomas
and Elizabeth R. (j\[oody) Cochran, was born
on the farm which he now occupies, Febru-
ary 9, 1840. He was educated in the public
schools of Saint George's hundred, at the semi-
nary at Penninglon, N. J., and at the aca-
demies of AVest Chester and Chester. He
has been all his life a fai'mcr. Fifteen vcars

of his work were given to a farm of his father's
in Kent county, Md., wiiich contains 33(i
acres; since 1S90, he has been successfully
engaged in the cultivation of the hind upon
wbich his father made his first start in busi-
ness life; this farm comprises 400 acres, and
is devoted to the production of grain, the rear-
ing of stock, and the business of a dairy.
Like his father, Mr. R. R. Cochran is a Demo-
crat, but not an aspirant to office. Richard
R. Cochran was married in 18G5, in old Saint
Anne's church, near Middletown, to Clara,
daughter of Isaac and Mary (Beaston) Lum;
she was born in Pencader hundred, and was
of Scotch descent. Their children were: I.
Alderman R., deceased; II. Clara. ^Irs.
Clara Cochran died in June, 1867. In 1869,
R. R. Cochran nnirried Fanny, daughter of
William A. and Sarah O. (Shallcross) (Jochrau,
his cousin. Four of their children died in in-
fancy; those surviving are: I. Fanny (^Mrs.
W. O. Shallcross); II. Robert T., of Kent
county, Md. ; III. Sarah V. ; IV. Agnes L. ;
V.Bessie; VI. Mary P.

Dan il. Cochran, son of Robert Thomas
and Sophia A. (iloody) Cochraji, was born
on the homestead, March 4, 1850. He was
educated in the schools of his neighborhood,
and at the academy of West Chester, Pa. He
spent three years in cidtivating his father's
farm in Kent coiinty, Md., and has ever since
been engaged in the management of a tract
of 300 acres adjoining the homestead farm.
He is a stock breeder and dairy farmer. Mr.
D. M. Cochran is_a stanch Democrat; he is
much esteemed and respected. Dan M.
(Jochran was man-ied, January 29, 1873, to
Ada, daughter of Alexander and • Milcah
(Crouch) Wilson, of Kent county, ild. Their
children are: I. A. Wilson; II. Kellie (Mrs.
Skee Lockwood); III. Mabel; IV. Dan M.,
Jr.; V. Ada; VI. Richard; VII. Jennie;
VIII. Ethel; IX. Woodal; X. Alice; XL
]\Iary E. The family are intelligent and well
educated.

William A. Cochran, third son of Robert
and Rebecca (Ryland) Cochran, his elder
brothers being Gov. Cochran and Rol)ert
1 homasCochran,Avas born on the homestead
of the family in Saint George's hundred, No-
vember 24, 1819. lie was educated in the
schools of Middletown and at the academy
of Xewark, Del. LTntil he attained liis ma-
jority, he remained on the home fann; at

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610

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

liis father's death, he inherited one-lialf of
tlie 500 acres which composed the hoiuest.ead,

■' and upon this tract he lias passed nearly all
his life. Pie has been a successful stock

' breeder and cultivator of fruits. In 188tJ, he
retired from active business, and now resides
■ with his nephew and son-in-law, Kichard Iv.
Cochran. lie has always been a Democrat,
and was for some time assessor of tiie hun-
dred. AVilliam A. C'ochran was married in
1845, to Sarah O., daughter of Jacob and
Mai'garet (Fox) Shallcross; she was born in
Philadelphia, and was a sister of Mrs. Jona-

'/"■ than K. Williams, and an aunt of James T.
. ■' Shallcross, of Saint (jleorge's hundred. Their

■ " children are as follows: I. Henry S., of New
Jersey, II. Fanny R. (Mi-s. Richard R. Coch-

' •■ ran); III. Sarah (ih-s. M. Paxton); IV.
Clara V. (Mrs. John W. ]\IcCoy), of Appo-
quinimink hundred; V. Laura F., a trained
nurse, of Philadelphia; VI. Mary (ilrs.
Robert Morgan), of Kent county, ild. ; VII.
William A., Jr.; VIII. Robert, of Colorado;
IX. Margaret; X. Alice (Mrs. William Con-
ley), of Middletown. Jlrs. Sarah 0. Coch-
ran died in 1873, and was interred in the
burial .ground of the Forest Presbyterian
church.

ABRAM VANDEGRIFT, P. O. Port
Penn, New Castle county, Del., son of Leon-
ard (j. and II. E. Vandegrift, was born at
Reedy Island Neck, St. George's hundretl,
New Castle county, Del, June 7, 1860. He
was eilucated in the j)ublic schools of St.
George's hundred and in Delaware College,
at Newark. In the latter institution he was a
student for two years. When his course there
terminated he returned to his home and as-
sisted liis father on the farm. In 1881 bis
father retired from the active management
of his land and Abram took charge of it. lie
continued there until 1889, and in the follow-
ing spring ])>irehiised the ^liddletown Tran-
script, then ownetl and edited by W. P. '^V\i-
flin, and conducted that paper successf\illy in
the interests of the Democratic party for three
years. His health failed and he sold the
newspaper plant and spent a year in ]\Iinne-
sota in the endeavor to regain his former phy-
sical strength. On his return to Delaware ho
leased the Cleaver farm at Port Penn, and has
since resided there. In addition to cultiva-
ting the soil, he furnished the United States

government, by contract, with light house
supplies. lie is also connecte<l with the engi-
neering department at Fort Delaware. Mr.
Vandegrift is a man of superior education,
fine conversational talents and genial and
courteous. lie is a Democrat who believes in
his party and has always given it effective
support. In 1889 he was chosen, by his
party, clerk of the Delaware senate, and filled
that office one term, gaining the thanks of all
the members for his able discharge of the du-
ties that belonged to his jwsition and their
good will by his obliging and affable manner.
On February 14, 1883, in Port Penn,
Abram Vandegi-ift married Emma C, daugh-
terof Lsaac S. and Mary A. E. Cleaver, burn in
Port Penn. She is a cousin of Henry Cleaver,
the well-known merchant of Port Penn. l\lr.
and Mi-s. Vandegrift have children: I. Mary
IL; II. Julia C; III. Rachel L.; IV. Alan;
V. Ellen C. Mis. Vandegrift is endowed
with rare intellectual powers and is very
active in church work. 'Mr. Vandegrift and
family are members of the Preisbyterian
church.

AVILLIAM ELAND, P. O. Delaware
City, Del., son of William and Esther Eland,
was born in Faulkingham, Lincolnshire, Eng-
land, October 11, 1838.

His parents were natives of England and
died there. They were members of the estab-
lished church of England. William Bland
was educated in the parish schools of Faulk-
ingham, but received there only a limitenl edu-
cation. He, however, overcame this deficient
training by careful and extensive reading. On
September 20, 1859, he sailed with his bride
of a few months for America, making the
voyage from Liverpool on the ship Ocean
Monarch, Captain Page, in four weeks. lie
landed in New York City and immediately
proceeded to Alaryland, where his wfe had
relatives; he had not a kinsman or a
friend in this country. For five years he
worked as a farm laborer in Kent county,
i^Id., then came to Delaware and was em-
]iloyed for two years on a fann near New
Castle. Then he removed to Red Lion hun-
dreil and secured work on the William Col-
burn farm and aftenvards was a tenant on the
W. Beck tract of land at Townsend. In 1876
Mr. Bland leased the Wilson farm in Cecil
county, ^Id., and spent five years there in the

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STATE OF DELAWARE

611

cultivation of gi'ain and the growing of live-
stock, lie then returned to New Castle
county,.and rented the Colburu acres in Red
Lion hundred. In 1892 he took chai-ge, as
lessee, of tlie large farm of 400 acres, near
Tort Penn, St. (Jeorge's hundred, which he
now euhivates. On his tract of hind, one
of the most extensive in the hundred, he har-
vests hirge crops of gTain, conihicts a dairy
and feeds many cattk'. He lias made his ven-
ture in this, to him, new and strange country,
very protitable because he has been indus-
trious and honorable in his dealings with all
men. He was chosen a gTand juror for the
term of 181)7-98. He is a Democrat, who
knows no swerving from the ranks of his
])arty. In May, 1859, in Lincolnshire, Eng-
hmd, William Bland married Elizabeth,
daughter of Josejjh "Waketield, born in Lin-
colnshire. Her father was a house carpenter.
]Mr. and ilrs. Inland had children: I. Jos-
eph, fanner of Montgomery coiuity. Pa.; II.
John, died when young, in Kent county,
]\Id.; 111. Ilan-iet (ilrs. Edward Manlove), of
Appoquinimink hundred, New Castle county,
L)el. ; IV. ilaxey, farmer, at home; Y. Wil-
liam, farmer, of Re<l Lion lumdred; VI. Jen-
nie, at home; VII. George W., at home;
VIII. Charlotte, at home. Mrs. Bland died
duly 7, 1895, and was buried at Newport,
New Castle county. ^Ir. Bland and his fam-
ily are members of the ?tl. E. church. He
was a class-leader in the congregations in Kent
and Cecil cotinties, ]\ld., to which he be-
longed.

JAMES ALERED HALL, P. O. Port
Penn, New Ca-stle county, Del., second son
of the late Alfred K. and Alice (Mustard)
Hall, was bom in Milford, Kent county,
Del., ifay 25, 1853. He received a public
school education, and ha^^ng a strong inclin-
ation for his father's occupation, began a sea-
faring life in 1870. By conscientious service
and steady habits he advanced to the positions
of second mate, and of mate. In 1878 he be-
came Cajitain of the schoonei Isaa( L.
Clark; his first voyage as master being from
Philadelphia to New Orleans. He continued
in this position until 1892, and from that date
until 189G, was eng-aged in the coal and lum-
ber business in ^Milford, Del. During this
peri(Ml, ]\lr. Hall served the to-wn three years
r.s a member of the town council. Eor one

year he was vice president, and for two years
pretddent of the Milford Fire Company. His
desires turned again seaward, and he became
master of the four-masted schooner Ilarold-
ine, which he sailed until January 2, 1898,
when she was lost at Cape Florida. In March,
lS9b, Cajjtain Hall assumed the charge of
the three-masted schooner !/7i07/ios F-PuUavd,
of which he is still the master. Captain Hall
is a member of Temple Lo^lge, No. 9, A. F.
and A. ^I., of ]\lilford, and of ililford Lodge,
No. 17, A. O. U. W. His political \'iews are
Republican. For the last three ye^rs Cap-
tain Hall has made his home at Nonvood,
Delaware county, Pa.

James Alfred Hall was married at Ocean
View, Del., October 11, 1880, to Angie V.,
daughter of Solby H. and Elizabeth Evans,
of Ocean View. Their only child died in in-
fancy. Mi-s. Hall died at Norwood, Pa.,
March 31, 1898, and is buried in Ocean View
cemetery. Captain Hall attends the Presby-
terian church.

FRANCIS L. SPRINGER, M. D., New-
port, Del., son of Stephen and Mary E.
(Love) Springer, was born in Mill Creek hun-
dred, New Castle county, Del., March 20,
185-1.

The Springer family is of Swedish descent,
and was among the first of that nationality to
settle in Delaware. Stephen Springer, grand-
father of Francis L. Springer, was bom in
ilill Creek hundred. There he received his
education and there he was engaged in fann-
ing until his death. He was a stanch supporter
of the political doctrines of Thomas Jefferson.
Stephen Springer was married to i\Iargaret
Houston, of !Mill Creek hundred. Their chil-
dren were: I. Sarah (^Irs. Archibald Arm-
strong), deceased; IT. Amanda (ilrs. Thomas
Morrison), deceased; ITT. ]\lary A. (]\frs.
Roliert Morrison), of Virginia, Avidow; TV.
Elizabeth, decease<l; V. ]\larg'aret (Jlrs.
Barton ]\lcElwee), widow; VI. James, died in
Newark, Del.; VII. Stephen, 2, defeased,
ilr. Springer died on his fami in Mill Creek
hundred, where ilrs. Springer also died in
1854; botli were buried in the White Clay
Creek Presbyterian graveyard. ^Ir. S])ringer
was an active member of the Presbyterian
church. His wife was an excellent woman,
and was much respected.

Stephen Spriiiger, 2, was born in Mill

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or:

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Creek hundred in 1S22. lie received liis edu-
cation in the district scdiuuls, at a private
seliool in AN'ilniington, and in Newark Acad-
emy. .Vt'tcr assisting his parents on tlie farm
until lie was twenty-one years old, a p'.irliun
of the lioiiiestead was given t'> him, uimn
which he lived mail within a few years of his
death. lie was a sui/cessfnl farmer, and
raised nuii.-h live stock; was widely kno\\7i and
e\'ery where respected. For a nundjer of
years, .Mr. Springer held the ofhce of trustee
of the poor of Xew Castle county. lie was
an active Democratic politician. Stcjihen
Springer married, in ilill Creek hundred,
.Mary I^., daughter of Uev. Thontas Love, a
well-kno^^^l Presbyterian clergyman, pastiu'
of lu'd Clay Creek church. She was liorn in
!Mill Cn-ek huinlred. Their (diildren were:
I. Tliumas, Presliyterian clergyman, of
Brooklvn, Baltimore countv, ^fd. ; 11. W'il-
lard, :\i. D., of Wilmington', Del.; III. Tran-
cis L. M.: IV. Idaletta (O^lrs. Randolph
JoTiesX ,,f ^Fill Creek; V. Bohert S., retired,
(if Wilminctiiu. Stephen Sju'inger died on
his wife's farm, in Mill Creek hundred,
^larch 20, ISO.'). lie was a consistent mem-
ber of the Presliyterian church and was bur-
ied in Ped Clay Creek churchyard. !Mrs.
Springer lives on her farm in Mill Creek hun-
dred, a vcneralde lady, of sweet disposition,
and kindly, attractive manner.

Francis L. S]iringer received his fii-st in-
struction from a governess. Afterwar'ds he
attended the district schools of ]Mill Creek
hundred, Xewark ^Vcademy under Professor
F. D. Porter, and Delaware College, Dr. AV.
I'umell. ];ireslilent, frum which institution he
was gi-aduated in 1^74. In 1875 he entered
the [Medical Dejiartment of the Fnivei-sity of
I'ennsylvania, Philadeliihia, Pa., after read-
ing medicine -w-ith his l)rother, AVillard, and
was graduated there -with honors in 1S77.
lie retimied to Delaware, and began the
])ractice of his profession in Christiana, suc-
ceeding Dr. G. W. Iluddlers, and for nine-
teen years he was a busy and trusted ]:>hysi-
cian and surgeon in Christiana and AVhite
Cday Creek hundreil. In 180,5 he came to
Xewport. and during the past three years has
repea^'d lii~ ]jrofessional success in Chris-
tiana. He has tlie respect and confidence of
the e!itire community. Dr. Sjiringer is a
niembiT of the American IMedieal Associa-
tion, and the Delaware State Aledical Society.

He is enrolleel with Hiram Lodge, oSTo. 25, F.
V.V- A. .M., of Xewark; Andastaka Tribe, Xo.
1-1, I. 0. 11. U.; Active Lodge, No. 11, A. O.
V. AV., of Newport. lie was a trustee of the
poor of Xew Castle county f(_>r nine years, and
is visiting physician at Farnhurst hospital,
lie is a Democrat.

On Xovember 17, 1885, in Christiana, Dr.
l''rancis L. Springer was married to AVillie
Peed, daughter of Henry L. Churchman, a
well-known farmer of New Castle county,
Del. She was born in Philadelphia. Their
children are: I. Fthel L. ; II. Francis L.,
Jr.; III. Stephen; IV. Pebecca Churchman;
A''. Christopher Spiinger. Dr. Springer is a
member of the Presbvterian church.

ISPAFL AV. :\rAESHALL, Yorklyn,
X^ew Castle county, Del., son of Thomas and
Zvlary (AVay) ]\Iarshall, was born in Kennett
S(iuare, Chester county, Pa., Deceudjer 20,
1850.

The [Marshall family originally came fi'onr
Fngland, many yeai-s before tlie Pevolution-
ary AVar, and is one of the oldest and most
influential in Chester cottnty. Pa. John
[Marshall, gi-eat-gTandfather of Israel AV.
]\rarshall, was born in Chester county, and
m 1765 settled on a tract of 183 acres in Ken-
nett township, which had originally belonged
to the Penns. There lie engaged in agricul-
tural pui-suits, after he had sufficiently
cleared his land of the heavy timber which
grew in forests over nearly its whole extent.
To dispose of the timber he erected a saw-mill
and manufactured his lug trees into lumber.
He was a shrewd business man and prospered
both in his fanning and his lumber opera-
tions. John Mai-shall was tvnce married. Of
the name of his first wife, no record is found.
His second, marriage was to [Mi<s Lamlium, of
Chester cotnitv. Pa. Their children wore:
I. Robert; if. Thomas; III. AVilliain: IV.
Hannah; A". Ann. [Mr. [Marshall and liis
^\^fe died on the farm, ami were buried in the
Friends' graveyard at Hockessiu. They were
members of the Society of Friends.

Pobert [Marshall, son of John [Marshall,
was lioru on the Ivennett township farm in
1772. He hail the advantages of gon<l com-
mon schools, and aftenvard devoted hinr'^(df
to farming. In connection with his farm he
operated a grist mill, which he erected on his
land. Pobert [\rarshall married, in Chester

\! •l,»'>\'\

, I

.'STATE OF DE LAW ABB

01. ">

county, I'a., ilary Iloopes, born near West
L'Uestei', I'a. 'i'lieir ehililrou were: i. Ca-
leb; 11. Jtilm; ill. Abiier; iV. Thomas; V.
iMartha (_lMrs. Thomas liaunum). Caleb and
Jolui JMarshall were iron manufacturers at
ilarshallton, Del., and were the founders of
that town. Abner ilarsliall was a farmer.
Ivobert iMarshall died on his farm in August,
165'J; his wife died in 1S4S; both were bur-
ied in the Friends' cemetery at ILockessin.
They -were members of the Society of
d'riends, and ^Mr. ^Mai-jihall was a leatler in
the mooting.

TlionuU) Marshall, foiu'tli son of liobert
and ^Mary (lloojjeti) JMarshall, was born on
the homestead, iMarch 5, ISIG. He was edu-
cated in the district schools of Chester county
and the Jonathan Goss Boarding School near
A\'cst Chester, I'a. He took up his father's
work as a farmer and miller where the latter
had left oil', and continued in it luitil 1S57,
when ho converted the grist mill into a paper
manufactory. He was the first paper maker
in that section and operated his mill with
much profit for thirty years. He was a pro-
gressive business man, absolutely honorable
in all his dealings, temperate in his habits and
widely popular. He was a stanch Kepubli-
can. Thomas Marshall married, in Chester
county, i'a., Mary, daughter of Moses and
Susanna Way, born in Pennsbury township,
Chester county. Their children were: 1.
Israel W.; II. Mary (Mrs. Dr. Taylor S. Mit-
chell), of liockessin; III. Elwood; two died
young. Thomas Marshall died in 1887, and
was buried in the Union Hill cemetery, I-^en-
nett Square, Pa. He was a member of the
Society of Friends. ]\Ii-s. LMai-shall resides
with her son, Elwood, in Chester county.
She is a mcml)cr of the Society of Friends.

Israel W. .Mar.-hall attended the public
sehouls (d Che.-ter cuunty and was for four
terms a stmlent in the Ivennett Square Acad-
emy. At an early age he entered his father's
]ia]ier mill and sot about learning every detail
vi tlie manufacture of ])a]ier. In 1880 he was
made a ]>arfner with his father, his bnither
Fhvorid bdng received into the firm at the
sanif tir!io. This business association contin-
ued until the death of the father, in 1^87,
since wliieh time Israel 'W. and Fhvond Aiar-
shall havr iiwned and ojierated the mill. In
iSiio. ".M:i,v.]iall 1-iros. pun-hased tlic AV.
Clark enttnu and wo.d factory in A'orklvn,

New Castle county, Del., and converted it in-
to a finely equipped paper mill at an expen-
diture of $75,000. In 1894 they established
another factory at Wooddale, ]\Iill Creek hun-
dred, Kew Castle couidy, Del., in partnership
with their brotlierdii-law, Dr. I'aylor S.
]\Iitchell, of liockessin. They are thus in-
terested in three large plants, the most exten-
sive in the state, and all profitably operated.
Israel AV. ]\iarshall resides in a large stone
house which is, arcdiitecturally, the most or-
nate in Christiana hundred, and is provided
with every convenience. It is admirably sit-
uated and commands an attractive view of the
surrounding country. Mr. Marshall is highly
esteemed for his excellent business qualifica-
tions, his energy and executive ability. He is
genial and popular. He is a member of La-
fayette Lodge, No. U, F. A- A. Af., of Wil-
mington, and an active Republican, but has
never desired to hold'an office.

On October 17, 1877, Israel AY. Aiarshall
was married to Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph
and Hannah M. (Cloud) Mitchell, horn near
liockessin. Their children are: L Irwin,
died in infancv; 11. J. AVarren, student at the
Friends' School, AVilming-ton ; III. Anna IL,
at school in AVilmington; lA^ Clarence, also at
AA^ilmington Friends' SchooL Mr. ilai-shall
is a member of the Society of Friends.

Elwood Alarshall, of Chester county. Pa.,
iunior member of the firm of Alarshall Bros.,
^^•■^s born on the home farm in Chester
county. Pa., September 20, 1855. He was
educated in the puldic schools of Kennett
township and in Shortlidge's Academy at
Kennett Square, and was graduated from the
Aiessrs. Taylor & Jackson's Academy, m
AVilmington, in 1877. He immediately went
into his father's paper mill, and learned every
branch of the business. In ISSO he became
a partner with his father and brother, and af-
ter his father's death continued the business
with his brother. He is an aggressive, thor-
ough business man, and has aided greatly in
the rapid advancement of the firm to its pre-
sent very prosperous condition. On October
10, ISSb, in AVilmington, Elwood ;Marshall
nmrrled Ellen, daughter of John and Ann
Ciood, born in Bucks county. Pa. Her father
was thi'u a liardware merchant of Wilming-
ton; he is since deceased. Tlicy had children:
1. J. Albert; 11. Hcnrv AV.! 111. Kstclla.

1 ,;>(/(I,.-

I .■ Uh !'■ ,)«■

614

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

•%■

Mr. Marshall is a member of the Society of
l''riends.

The ancestors of Mrs. Israel W. ilarshall
were uiembers of the well-known Mitchell
family of Delaware. They were of iMiglish
origin and of the Qmiker faith, ami were
very early settlers in Mill Creek hundred,
New Castle county. Thomas Mitchell, great-
gTiKidfather of ]\Ii's. ilarshall, was the tii-st
of tfie family to make Delaware his home. He
was born in Bucks comity. Pa., and there re-
ceived a good English education. He came
to Delaware in 1790 and purchased one luin-
dred acres of land near the North Star school
lionse in Mill Creek hundred. There he spent
the remainder of his days. He made numer-
ous improvements upon his farm, and in 180-1
erected a large stone dwelling, a barn, etc.

He became a wealthy and influential citi-
2en. In his political views he was a Feder-
alist. Thomas Afitchell married in Bucks
county, and had children as follows: I. Han-
nah (^Irs. Joseph Chambers), of New Harden
to^vnship, Chester county. Pa,; II. Joseph.
Mr. Mitchell died on hLs farm and was buriwl
in the Friends' graveyard in Ilockessin. lie
Avas a memljer of the Society of Friends.

Joseph Mitchell, grandfather of INfrs. Isaac
W. Marshall, was born in Bucks county. Pa.,
in 1783. He was thirteen years old when his
parents removed to ilill Creek hundred, and
in the district schools there he received his
education. He devoted himself to the cnlti-
vation of the soil and became an extensive
land owner, possessing at his death more than
three hundred acres. He was highly es-
teemed because of his many kindly qualities.
Joseph Mitchell marrie(i SaraJi Harlan.
Their children were: I. Elizabeth (^hs. Dan-
iel Oawthrop), deceased; II. Thomas, de-
ceased; III. Stephen, deceased; IV. Henri-
etta (Mrs. Samuel Cranston), died in
Stanton, Del.; V. John, deceased; VF.
Abner, deceased; VII. Joseph, 2; VIII.
Sarah (Mrs. Stephen Wilson); her three
children died young. IVfi-s. Sarah "Mit-
chell dying, Mr. Mitchell married a sec-
ond time, his wife being JIartha Dickson.
]\rr. Mitchell died April 2fi, 187(>, aged
ninety-three years. l\rrs. Martha ]\ritchell
also is deoea.sed. Both -were members of the
Society of Friends and were buried in the
Friends' graveyard at Ilockessin.

Joseph ^Mitchell, 2, father of ^frs. Israel

W. Marshall, was bom on the homestead
farm, August 30, 1829, and was educated in
the North Star public school. He spent all
his Ufe as a fanner. For a number of years
he lived on the tract now occupied by his son.
In 1877 he purchased the Dr. ^McCabe farm,
and has resided there for twenty-one years.
!Mr. ]\Iitchell is an estimable and popular citi-
zen. He is a Rej>ublican. On November I'J,
1853, in Kennett towmship, Chester county.
Pa., Joseph Mitchell, 2, married Hannah ]\I.,
daughter of William and Elizabeth (Yeat-
man) Cloud, born in Kennett hujidred.
'i'heir children are: I. Elizabeth (Mi-s. Israel
W. Marshall), born December 2, 1854; II. J.
Howard, bom February 13, 1856, farmer on
one of the home farms, married Elizabeth
Woodward, on Febiiiary 12, 1883; III. Sa-
rah, born September 9, 1858, marrie<l Henry
C. Passmore, on December 13, 1883, has chil-
dren, i. Thomas, ii. Hannah, iii. Mary, iv.
Pusey. Joseph ilitchell, 2, and family are
members of the Society of Friends.

ISRAEL DURIIA]\r, 2, Yorklyn, Del.,
son of Israel and ^largaret (Green) Durliam,
was born near Belfast, County Antrim, Ire-
land, ilay 17, 1S30.

His father and mother were natives of
County Antrim, and of Scotch descent. They
emigrated to America in 184C, sailing from
Liverpool in the ship Wyoming and landing
in Philadelphia after a voyag-e of six weeks.
They had seven children and were accompan-
ied to this country by three of the number,
Israel, Thomas and Rebecca. They resided,
in their latter years, with their son Israel in
Yorklyn, and died here; they were buried in
AVest Philadel])hia. Mr. and ]\rrs. Durham
were members of the M. E. church.

Israel Durham, 2, attended the comnion
schools of County Antrim, Ireland, and also
worked at fann labor in the old coimtry. He
was sixteen years old when he came to Amer-
ica. Soon after his aiTival, he secured cm-
]iloyment in the ])acking department of Car-
rett & Sons' snuff manufactory in Philadel-
phia. He remained there until 1857, when
he was appointed superintendent of Carrett &
Sons' snuff mills in Yorklyn, Del., and for the
]iast forty-one yeare has discharged all the du-
ties of his responsible position with fidelity to
his employers. He is a very capable super-
intendent, combining a tlmrough knowledge

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19'

STATE OP DELAWARE

615

of his business with the ability to control his
thirty workmen in such manner as to call
forth their best efforts and attach them to him
personally. lie is always at his post, one of
the hardest working men in the mill, quiet,
unassuming and popular. Mr. Durham is a
member of Friendship Lodge, I. O. 0. F., of
llockessin." In jx>lirics he is a Republican.

Israel Durham was three times married.
His first wife was Lydia Garrett; their chil-
dren were: I. Margaret E. (Mi-s. II. S.
Chandler), wife of an iron worker of llockes-
sin; II. Mary (Mrs. Professor Philips), of
Massacluisetts. ilre. Lydia Durham diexl,
and Mr. Durliam married Maiy J. Ruth.
They had one child, Lydia Jane, who is at
home. ilrs. ilary J. Durham died in 1S90,
and was buried in the Union cemetery at Ken-
nett Square, Chester county. Pa. ilr. Dur-
ham's third wife was Alice Downing of Wil-
mington. Mr. Durham is a member of the
!M. E. church.

JOHN LINTON PRESS, Yorklyn, Del.,
son of William Cleland and Margaret ().
(Linton) Press, was born near Yorklyn,
Christiana hundred, New Castle county, Del.,
April 8, 1853. lie is of Irish parenbige. Ilis
grandfather was John Press, who was bom in
County Antrim, Ireland, was a farmer, and
mai-ried Ann Seeds, also born in that county.
They had children: I. James; II. Year; III.
George; IV. Jane (Mrs. John- Boles); V.
Irvin; VI. William Cleland. Mr. and Mrs.
Press died in Ireland..

William Cleland Press was born in County
Antrim, Ireland, in 1830. He received a
good common school education there, and as-
sisted his father in the cultivation of the farm.
When he was nineteen years old he sailed
from Liverpool, luigland, for America, and
after a voyage of six weeks reache<l Philadel-
phia. He remainetl in Philadelphia only a
short time, and then secured employment in
the snuff mills of Garrett & Sons, in Yorklyn,
to which place he immediately removed.
Here he worked for three years at seven dol-
lars per month. At the expiration of that
time, he was appointed superintendent of No.
4 snuff mill and for thirty-one years filled
that position very satisfactorily. He was gen-
erally popular. He was a Republican, active
in the support of his party, and served as
road commissioner. William Cleland Press

married Margaret G., daughter of John Fos-
ter Linton, born in Philadelphia; her father
was a manufacturer of and dealer in shoes ia
Philadelphia. Their children are: I. John
Linton; II. William V., employee in the snuff
mill, married Sarah J. Carter, deceased; III.
Eva Martha (Mrs. John \\. Wilson), of
Iving's ilill, 0.; IV. Emma J. (Mrs. James
Vi. Hendrickson), Mr. Heudrickson is engi-
neer at No. 4 snuff mill; V. Margaret (J., died
w'hen thirteen years old; VI. George T., jew-
eler, Oxford, Pa. Mr. Press died in 1883;
his widow in 1892; both were buried in the
Lower Brandywine Presbyterian church
graveyard, of which church they were mem-
bers.

John Linton Press attended the public
schools of Christiana hundred and of York-
lyn. He learaed carpentry in Wilmington,
completing his trade in the large establish-
ment of Pussey A: Jones. He worked at car-
])entry for nine years. In 1883, on the death
of his father, he. was appointed his successor
in the responsible position of superintendent
of No. 4 mill, and for the past fifteen years
has performed his duties with great efficiency.
He is a member of Armstrong Lodge, F. &
A. ]\f., of Newport, Del.; Ibtckessin Castle,
No. 15, K. G. E.; Washington Conclave, I.

0. IL, of Centreville, Del.; and Valley
Lodge, No. 13, A. O. U. W., of llockessin.
Mr. Press is a Republican and has held the
offices of clerk to the school commissioners
and school commissioner of Christiana hun-
dred. In 1889, in llockessin, John Linton
Press was man-ied to Elizabeth IL, daughter
of Albert T. ami Ann (Brown) Williamson,
bom in New Garden township, Chester
county, Pa. Their children are: I. Mabel
M.; II. Ethel A.; III. Elizabeth A.; IV. Wil-
liam C; V. Albert T.; VI. John Linton, 2.
Mr. Press is a member of the Presbyterian
church. Mi-s. Press is a member of the L.
G. E., and the W. C. T. U.

Thonuis Williamson, grandfather of Mrs.
John Linton Press, was a farmer and pump-
maker of New Garden townishi]), Chester
county. Pa., where he resided all his life. He
was a Democrat. Thomas Williamson mar-
ried Elizal)eth Ilighficld, of Valley Forge,
Delaware county. Pa. They had ten chihlren:

1. Thomas, 2, of Altoona'; IL Harriet (Mi-s.
Eli A^'el)b); III. Matilda (Mrs. Jonatiian
Strayhornc); IV. :\rary (Mrs. Isaac Slack) ;

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■sM^.

616

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

V. Elizabeth (Mrs. William Hoopes); VI.
Albeit T.; VII. Jolin, deceased; the others
died young. Thomas Williamsou died iii'
New Garden township, aged eighty-two
yeai-s; ili-s. AVilliamson died in New J.ondou
township, Chester county, aged ninety-four
years; both were buried in the Presbyterian
church graveyard in New London.

iVlbert T. Williamson, father of Mrs. John
Linton Press, was bom in New Garden town-
ship, in 1831. He was educated in the public _
schools and learned carpentry mth Jonathan
Strayhorne. He was engaged in contracting
and building in Chester county for a num-
ber of years, and in 1879 removed to Ilockes-
sin where he is extensively engaged as a
builder. He was a notary public in Hockes-
sin for seven years, and is now constable of
]\lill Creek hundred. Albert T. Williamson
married, in New Garden, Pa., Ann, daughter
of Dr. Brown. Their children are: I. John,
died young; II. Thomas, of Hockessin; III.
Elizabeth II. (Mrs. John Linton Press); IV.
Henry, carpentei", of Hockessin. Mr. and
!Mrs. Williamson are highly esteemed resi-
dents of Hockessin.

GEORGE W. PUSEY, P. O. Ashland,
Del., son of Jesse D. and Hannah D. (Yeat-
man) Pusey, was born at London Grove,
Chester county. Pa., November 10, 1808.

The Pusey familj' came early to America,
some of its members accompanying William
Penn to this country. For years those bear-
ing the name have been among the most re-
spected and substantial citizens of Chester
county. Pa., and Delaware.

Solomon Pusey, grandfather of George W.
Pusey, was born in Kennett township, Chester
county, and began and ended his life as a
farmer. After his marriage he removed from
the homestead to London Grove, Chester
county, and there pm'chased a farm of lOG
acres, on which he made many improvements
and on which he remained until his death.
He was an industrious, earnest and useful citi-
zen. In politics he was first a Federalist and
afterward a Whig. Sohimon Pusey manned
Sarah Pusey, a sister of Israel Pusey, a mem-
ber of the Wilmington branch of the family.
They had children: I. Anna Eliza, deceased,
married George Walton, a brother of Mar-
garetta Walton Tthe well known preacher of
the Society of Friends); II. Joel, dcrcascd.

was a hardware merchant in Havre de Grace,
Md.; III. Jesse D. Mr. and Mrs. Pusey died
on their farm at London Grove, and were
buried in the London Grove Friends' grave-
yard; both were active membere of the
Society of Friends.

Jesse D. Pusey, father of George W.
Pusey, was born on the home farm at London
Grove, Chester county. He received a good
education, and then began his career as a
fanner on the homestead, near which he after-
ward purchased another farm. He is now
living on the homestead farm, but has given
the management to his son, Philip C. Pusey.
]\Ir. Pusey has been a prosperous fanner; his
crops were large, his hoi-ses and other live
stock of fine strain. He appreciated the value
of education, and afforded to his children
ample intellectual training. He is exceed-
ingly kind and unselfish, and has extended a
helping hand to many needy pei-sons. In his
politics he is a Republican. Jesse D. Pusey
was married to Hannah D. Yeatman, born
in London, Britain township, Chester county.
Pa., and daughter of Marsliall and Mary D.
(Chandler) Yeatman. Mr. Yeatman was of
Scotch-Irish descent and proprietor of the well
known Yeatman flouring mills in Britain
township, Chester county, now owned by his
son John C. Yeatman, of Kennett Square, Pa.
Mr. and Mrs. Pusey had children: I. Mai-y
(ili-s. Oscar F. Passmore), resides near the
homestead; II. Solomon J., grain, coal and
lumber dealer of West Grove, Chester county,
and bank director in Avondale, same county;
III. Mai-shall Y., grain merchant. West
Chester, Pa. ; IV. Sarah J., widow of Edwin
Livezey, son of Joseph Livezey, a minister of
the Friends' meeting of Clarksburg, N. J. ; V.
George W.; VI. Philip C, on the home
farm; VII. Edgar, died young; VIII.
Norris, died young; IX. Elbert N., miller
resides with George W. ; X. Anna, at school.
Mrs. Pusey died at London Grove in 1894,
and was buried in the Friends' graveyard.
She was an honored wife and mother, ilr.
Pusey is an active member of the Society of
Friends.

George W. Pusey attended ' the public
schools of London Grove, was a pupil in the
London Grove Friends' Boarding Scdiool,
taught by !Miss Jane P. Rushmore, and pur-
sued a two years' course in the State Normal
School, West Chester, Pa. During his early

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I •. I' I, 7-1) I

STATE OF DELAWARE

G17

joutli he remained at home with his fathei*;
at the Yeatman flouring mills he learned mill-
ing under his brother's instructions, and was
employed there for three years, lie then
formed a partnership with Israel Durham, to
conduct the Clifton mills, holding the offices
of manager and treasurer of the Clifton ]\Jill-
iug Company, by which name the partnership
was known. In 1805 he disposed of his in-
terest in the company, caiue to Ashland,
Christiana hundred, purchased the Ashland
mills owned by A. & J. D. Sharpless, and has
operated them with gi-eat success for the past
three years. He uses the roller process in the
mills, and manufactures the well known
Pride of Delaware FFFF, Ashland, Morning
Star, Fairy Queen, and other special brands.
llr. Pusey is still young, but already his
career has been marked by excellent Ijusiness
ability, industry and progressiveness. lie is
much respected for his integrity of character.
In politics he is Republican. In 1897, under
the adminLstration of President Cleveland, he
was appointed postmaster of Ashland.

In 1894, at the Sharpless fann, George W.
Pusey was married to S. Florence, daughter
of Samuel and Sarah II. (Cranston) Sharpless.
Mr. Shar|)less is a well known citizen of Mill
Creek hundred, brother of A. & J. D. Sharp-
less; he is also a Directf>r of the Xational
Bank of Avondale, Pa. Mr. Pusey is a mem-
ber of the Society of Friends in Ilockessin.

JEHU DIXON SHAPPLESS, P. O. Ash-
land, Del., son of Amos and Ifartha (Dixon)
Sharpless, was born in Mill Creek hundred,
]SJ"ew Castle county, Del., June 4, 1824.

When William Penn came to America to
assume the government of the generous teni-
tory granted to him by King Charles II, in
payment of his debt to Penn's father, he was
accompanied by John Sharpless, an English
Quaker wlio -washed to escape from the licen-
tiousness and the persecution of the English
court. John Sliarpless settled in Pennsyl-
vania, and was the ancestor of the Sharpless
family, whose members reside in almost every
state of the Union, and evei^ywhere occupy
an influential place in society. The first of
the name to build his home in Delaware was
Caleb Shai-]iless, bom in ]\[iddletown (or Mill-
town?), Pa., March 12, 1750. He removed to
Delaware in 1772, and settled in Christiana
hundred, where for nearlv fiftv vears bo was

engaged in the cultivation of his land.
On October 20, 177;J, Caleb Sharpless
was married to Ruhamah Jordon, bom De-
cember 25, 1750. Their children were: I.
j\Iary (]\Irs. Joshua Jackson), born August
2(J, 1774, died ]\Iay 18, 1847; II. William,
born December G, 1777, married, first, Phebe
Way, second, Rebecca Davis, third, Sarah
Alsop, and died June 10, 1840; III. Joseph,
born October 10,. 1779, died in Lancaster
county. Pa.; IV. Elizabeth (Mrs. Jacob
Way), born September 11, 1781, died October
G, 1824; V. Caleb, 2, born July 20, 1783,
married first, Mary J. Walters, second, Eliza-
beth Taylor, and died September 18, 1838;
VI. Amos, bom December 2, 1785, dTed Au-
gust 5, 1875; VII. ilargaret (.Mre. John
Windle), born July 25, 1788, died October
6, 1856; VIII. Edith (Mre. John Walker),
born June 5, 1790, died March 31, 1867; IX.
Hannah, bom August 3, 1792, died Decem-
ber 2, 1823. Caleb Sharpless died on his fai-m
July 4, 1821, and was buried in the Friends'
graveyard at Ilockessin; he was prominent
as a preacher and in the councils of the So-
ciety of Friends, lilrs. Shai-pless died on the
farm in Mill Creek hundred, September 25,
1824; she was distinguished for her eloquence
as a teacher of the Quaker doctrine and her
gentle, charitable nature.

Amos Sharpless, father of Jehu Dixon
Sharpless, was born on the farm in Christiana
hundred. He was a farmer and a well known
citizen and acquired a large landed property
in Mill Creek and Christiana hundreds. Amos
Sharjdess married, in ^Jlill Creek hundred,
Martha Dixon, born Xovember 9, 1798, and
daughter of Jehu and J^fary (Taylor) Dixon,
meudiei-s of prominent families of Mill Creek
hundred. The children of Amos Sharpless
were: I. Mary S. (Mi-s. W. D. Dixon), born
Xovember 23, 1817, died January 28, 1847;
IT. Ann, bom June 12, 1820, resides with
her brother, Jehu Dixon Sharpless; III.
Edith (]\rrs. Samuel Cranston), born l^Iarch
14, 1822; IV. Jehu Dixon Sharpless; V.
Caleb, born August 17, 1826, married Re-
becca Iloopes; VI. Samuel, born JanuaiT 6,
1829; VII. Amos, 2, bom October 14, 1832,
married Caroline Bailey, of Kennett Square,
Chester county, Pa.; VITI. Edward, born
February 26, 1835, died Novcnd)er 20, 1855;
IX. William, born Septeml)e.r 6, 1837, died
October 10, 1865, married Jane R. Pyle, had

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618

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

one child, Mary D. Kliarpless. Amos Sliarp-
less died on his farm August 5, 1875, and
was buried in the Friends' gTaveyard at
Ilockessin. He was a leader in the Society of
Friends; Mi-s. Sharjjless died duly 17, 187'J.

Jehu Dixon Sharjiless attended the public
schools of Christiana hundred at Ebenezer
School, near Ashland. Until he was eighteen
years old he remained with his parents on the
farm; then he learned milling with Mai"sliall
Yeatman, in London, Britain township, Ches-
ter county, Pa. He was with Mr. Yeatman
for fifteen years, after which period he estab-
lishetl himself in the mercantile business in
Fairville, Chester county. Five years later,
in 1862, he removed to Ashland flouring
mills, which he purcha.'^ed of George Spencer.
For thirty-two yeai-s the firm of A. & J. D.
Sliai'pless operated the mills very profitably.
In 1882 they equipped their plant with roller
machinery at a cost of seven thousand dollars
and made other extensive improvements. In
1895 they retired fi'om business. Amos
Sharjiless now resides in Kennett township,
Chester county, Pa., and Jehu Dixon Sharp-
less lives in a comfortable home in Ashland.
!Mr. Sharpless is wealthy, and is an extensive
land owner. He has a wide circle of acquaint-
ances and is much respected by all who know
him because of his honorable life. He was
the first postmaster of Ashland, appointed in
1872, and held the office for twenty-five years.
While conducting a store in Fairville, Chester
county, he was for four years jx)stmaster of
ihe village. He is a consistent Republican,
but has never sought ofiice. Mr. Sharpless is
a member of the Society of Friends, but is
liberal with respect to other denomim\tions.

Samuel Sharpless, brother of Jehu Dixon
Sharpless, was born in ilill Creek hundred.
He received a good common school education
and has devoted himself to agricultural pur-
suits for many years. He owns many acres
of land in Mill Creek hundred, and is the ac-
tive manager of one of his farms in that hun-
dred. He is much esteemed by his neighbors
and is happy in the ])ossession of numerous
friends. In his jwlitical \'iews he is a Pepub-
lican. On January 11, 1855, Samuel Sharp-
less was married to Sarah II., daughter of
Joseph and Hannah P. (Kelly) Cranston,
bom in Stanton, Del, May 26, 1830. Their
children are: I. Emma C. (Mrs. Kdwnrd B.
Passmore), boni Octobor 22, 1856; 11. I'hebo

v., born December 22, 1859; III. Anna,
born Febnuu-y 15, 1863; IV. William, bora
July 8, 1867, man-ied Laura Yeatman; V.
S. Florence (]\[i-s. (ieorge W. Pusey), bora
Febru;u-y 10, 1869. ilr. Sharpless and his
family are membere of the Society of Friends.

GEOPGP: J. BIEDERMANN, Wood-
dale, Del., son of F. Herman and Mary (Horn-
ing) Bietlermann, was born in Wooddale, New
Castle county, Del., July 1, 1866.

His father was born in Altenburg, Saxony,
September 21, 1833, the son of John G. Bie-
dermann, a native of Altenburg and a wheel-
wright. He was one of four children and re-
ceived a good e<lucation in his native place.
Afterward he learned baking. When he at-
tained his majority he determined to come to
America, and embarking at Bremen, Ger-
many, on the sailing vessel Philadelphia,
Captain Sanders, reached Philadelphia on
Simday, May 15, 1854:, after a passage of
thirty days. He went immediately to Chesa-
peake City, Md., and there secured employ-
ment on a farm at wages of $13 per month.
After five years' residence there, he went to
Chester county, Pa., where he was employed
.for three years in a similar capacity. In 1862
Mr. Biedennann wentto Wo<;)ddale,Del., and
purchased a small tract of land, on which he
erected a dwelling house and made other im-
provements. For twenty-one years he was em-
ployed at the Delaware Iron Works in various
capacities, and during that time he built the
Spring Hill Brewery at a cost of $2,000;
having operated it until 1888, he sold it to
his son, George F. Biedennann. This brewery
was erected by his own labor and in its car-
pentry and the constructiim of its apparatus,
was the product of his mechanical genius. He
possessed unusiuU talent for devising and
building iron and wooden machinery and ckM
toys and scenic representations, and much
ability as an artist in colore. One of his pro-
ductions is an ingenious piece of mechanism,
representing by many miniatures the costumes
of former yeai-s. It is believed to be the only
work of the kind in this country, ilr. Bieder-
niann is a member of Hammond Lodge, No.
29, I. O. O. F., of Wilmington, and is a
Democrat.

F. Hernmn Biedennann Wi\s man-ied in
Chesap<'nke City, ^Id., to Mary, daughter nf
Valentine HoniinLf, born in Saxonv, Ger-

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^aM^

STATE OP DELAWARE

G21

many. Mr. Iloi'ning was a wheelwright.
The cliihh-en of Mr. and Mi"3. Jiiedenuanu
are: I. Louise (Ifrs. Frederiek lloi-st), widow;
II. John P., of AIcKeesport, Pa.; 111. Eloina
(ilrs. Ilarry Snap), of \\'^ihnington, Del.;
IV. George F. ; V. Susan (Ali-s. K. Harsh),
widow; YJ. Ilcnnan, of the Wooddale paper
mills. ^Ii-s. Biedermaini died in 1888 and
was buried in the Ked Clay Creek graveyard,
ilr. liieilerniann is a member of the Lutheran
church.

(jieorge F. Biedermann attended the public
schools of Christiana hundred and the Dia-
mond School. He learned brewing at Sprank's
brewery in Wilmington, and worked at his
trade in Chester, Pa., and Gloucester, N. J.
Afterwards he returned home iuid assisted his
father in the Spring Hill brewery until 1888,
when he purchased the establishment and has
operated it for the past ten yeai^s very profit-
ably. He has made additions and improve-
ments, and has his brewery very thoroughly
equipped. He has also erected for his own
occu|)ancy a fine dwelling house. Mr. Bieder-
numn is a man of good business ability, gener-
ous and warm hearted, and an esteemed citi-
zen. He is a member of Brandywine Lodge,
Xo. 18, I. 0. O. F., and of the Knights of
ilalta and St. John, of Wilmington. In his
political views he is a Democrat.

On September 18, 1889, in Wilmington,
George F. Biedermann was married to Bertha
G., daughter of Frederick liaur, a brewer of
Wilmington. She was born in Wittenburg,
Germany. Their children are: I. Elsie J.;
II. George H. A. Mr. BicdiM'mann is a mem-
ber of the Lutheran church.

ROBERT LEWIS AR]\[STRONG, Mnr-
shalltoH, Del., .son of Robert and Elizabeth
(]\rehafTy) An"~.strong, was bom in Christiana
hundred, New Castle county, Del., March 17,
1834.

The Armstrong family is of Irish descent
and has long resided in New Castle county,
where it has been noted for thrift and intel-
ligence. Robert Armstrong, grandfather of
Robert Lewis Armstrong, was l)orn in Chris-
tiana lauidred, and was throughout his life a
farmer. His home was on the Hedge farm of
1-27 acres, which he brought to a high con-
dition of productiveness. During the Revolu-
tionary wiu- he was a soldier of (Jeneral Wash-
ington. He was a citizen of influence in liis
35

community. In his political affairs he was a
Federalist. The children of liobert Ann-
strong and his wife, Rachel Armstrong, were:
I. William, known as Major William Arm-
strong, grantlfather of Robert Annstrong, 3,
of White Clay Creek hundred, New Castlo
county; II. Robert, 2. Robert Armstrong
died on his fann, and was buried in St.
James P. E. churchyard at Stanton, Del.

Robert Annstrong, 2, was born on the
Hedge farm iu Christiana hundred and re-
ceived a common school education. He was
engaged in fanning from his youth to his
death, and was one of the pioneei-s in the es-
tablishment of tlie Wilmington markets,
which have proved so rich a source to the pro-
duce growei"s of northern Delaware. He
seiwedirUhe American army during the war of
1812. He was a progressive man and an es-
teemed citizen. He was fii-st a Federalist and
later a Whig; he was active in politics and
had much influence, but was not an office
seeker. Robert Annstrong, 2, was married
to Elizabeth ilehaffy, born in Cecil comity,
^Id. Their children are: I. Lavinia (Mrs.
John B. Justice), of Wilmington, widow; II.
Ann, resides with her brother Robert Lewis;
III. ]\Iary E. (ili-s. James Armstrong), of
A\'ilmington, ANadow; IV. Rachel (Mi-s. Jo-
seph W. Spiinger); V. Amanda, resides with
her brother; VI. Robert Lewis. Mr. Ann-
strong died on his farm in 1838; his widow
died in 1880; both were membei-s of St.
James P. E. church of Stanton, and were
buried in the clmrchyard connected with it.

Robert Lewis Armstrong was born on the
Fledge fanu in Christiana hundred, the homo
of his ancestor. His father died when he
was four years old. His mother continued the
management of the farm for a number of
years, and aided in the education of her chil-
dren. Robert Lewas Annstrong attended
(^ak Grove public school and Galey's Board-
ing school in Wilmington; after spending
three years at the latter institution, he re-
tui'ued home, and assimied the management
of the farm. His mother and sisters remained
with him for a number of jeais. Mr. Ann-
strong made extensive improvements, erected
a large stone dwelling house, commodious
barn, etc., upon the farm, at a cost of more
than $20,000. This ]u-operty has thus been
made one of the most attractive and valuable
in Christiana hundred. Order and neatness

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622

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

are two conditions upon which he insists in
all his emiiloyees. During the Civil War,
!Mr. Armstrong cnlisteil in 18(54, in the Sec-
ond Regiment, Delaware Emergency Cavalry,
under (Japtain Milligan, and spent thirty days
at Lewes, Del., and the same time at West-
minster, Md., in the sei"vice of his country.
lie is a member and past master of Armstrong
Lodge, No. 26, F. & A. M., of Newport, the
lodge having honored him by taking his
name. He is a man of strict integrity, direct
and infonnal in his manner, but a kindly and
firm friend. Mr. Armstrong has much execu-
tive ability, and has frequently been called
upon by his fellow citizens to occupy posi-
tions of trust in New Castle county. lie was
first elected assessor of Christiana hundred
for four years and was then appointed tax
collector for two years. In 1872 he was elect-
ed sheriff of New Castle county on the Re-
publican ticket, by a large majority, and tilled
the office two years, during which time he of-
ficiated at one execution. In 1892 he was
elected a member of the Levy Court for the
fii-st district of the county, and served four
years. During his term several iron bridges
were erected, partly at his instance. Mr.
Armstrong was for ten yeare chairman of the
farming and building committee of Ferris' In-
dustrial School, and during his administration
of the affairs of the school much advancement
wa3 made. He studied the industrial question
, very thoroughly and his views were usually
adopted without material disagreement. In
his counsel he was safe and progressive, and
the pupils in the school profited much by. his
own early experience and his investigation
into the methods in use in the leading insti
tutions of the country, ^fr. Armstrong is a
"Repulilican.

In 1859, in Mill Creek htindred, Roberl
Le^vis Armstrong was married to Rebecca,
daughter of Henry and Susan (Yarnall)
Bracken, bom in ilill Creek Inindred. ^Ir.
Armstrong is senior warden and a trustee and
vestryman of St. James P. E. church of Stan-
ton. '

WILLI A:\I J. AR]\ISTRONO, P. O. Els-
mere, Del., son of William and ]\Iary Lolier
(Banning) Armstrong, was born in ( 'hristiana
lumdred, New Castle county, Del., Septem-
ber 17, lSfi2.

The ArniHtroni:; familv of Iri^li de-cent has

resided in New Castle county, for many years.
Robert Armstrong, great-grandfather of Wil-
liam J. Armstrong, was a Revolutionary sol-
dier. One of his sons was Major William
Annstrong, who also had a son William,
father of William J. Armstrong. William
Armstrong, 2, was born on the Woodland
farm, Christiana hundred in 1800. He re-
ceived a good English education in the i)ublic
schools of Mill Creek hundred and then
learned blacksmithing. Going to AVilming-
ton, he secured employment at his trade as a
journeyman and remained there until 1850,
when he returned to Christiana hundred, pur-
chased the Brookland farm of 120 acres, and
was successfully engaged in agricultural pur-
suits until his death. Mr. Armstrong was a
man of more than ordinary executive ability,
and was influential in his community. He was
well read, and kept himself informed as to
all the important events of the day. He was
a Whig before the Civil War, but afterwards
affiliated with the Democratic party. Wil-
liam Armstrong was married to [Mary Lober,
daughter of John and Elizabeth Banning, of
Christiana hundred. Their children are: I.
Richard, died when seventeen yeai-s old; II.
Anna (Mi-s. J. W. Reybold), of Wilmington;
III. William J. ilr. Armstrong died on his
farm in October, 1892; his wife died in 1877;
both were members of St. James P. E. church
of Stanton, and were buried in its churchyard.

AVilliam J. Armstrong was educated in part
in the public schools at Greenbank, and fin-
ished his studies at Rugby Academy, Wil
mington, Del. After leaving Rugby, he re-
taimed to the homestead, and engaged in
farming. Upon the death of his father, he
took charge of the homestead at Brookland,
which he has cultivated for the past six years.
He is also owner of the Woodland farm, 112
acres, which was the property of his grand-
father. He devotes much of his attention to
a large dairy which is upon his farm, and
raises large quantities of grain and fine horses.
Ho is held in much respect by his neighboi-s.
!Mr. Armstrong is a member of Vulcan Lodge,
No. 22, A. O. U. W., of ]\Iai-shallton, and
has been a Democrat since he cast his first
vote. He was registrar of voters in ^Marshall-
ton district of Christiana hundred for sc\-eral
years, and is now a school ciimniissioner.

In 1888, in Wilmington, William J. Arm-
strong was marrit'd to ]\rarv H., daughter uf

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STATE Ov DELAWARE

623

Dr. Alexander and Eiuelirie (McKeener)
Irons, of Newport. Tlieir children are: I.
James I.; II. Helen; III. William; IV.
liertiia; V. Sarah E. Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong
are members of the I*. J'l churcli.

WILLIAil il. BRACKIN, P. 0. Els-
mere, Del., son of James M. and Eleanor (Ly-
man) Brackin, was born near Brackinville,
Mill Creek hundred. New Castle county, Del.,
November 18, 1839.

The records of New C^astle county show
that among the early settlers within its bounds
were members of the Brackin family, and the
tradition concerning them is that they were
all good citizens. John Brackin, great-grand-
father of William M. Brackin, was bom in
Mill Creek hundred. He was engaged in
farming throughout his life, and became an
■extensive land owner. His home farm was on
the Limestone road, a well known thorough-
fare of that hundred. He was active and in-
dustrious, and his death was due to an acci-
dent sustained while assisting in the work on
the farm. He was reaping wheat when his
sickle struck his leg, and severed an artery,
causing him to bleed to death. During the
Itevolutionary war he sen'ed as a private in
the Continental army. John Brackin was
married to Elizabetli Foote, of ]\Iill Creek
liundred. Their children were: I.Benjamin;
II. Elizabeth; III. William. Mr. Brackin
was buried in St. James P. E. church gi-ave-
yard at Stanton. !Mrs. Brackin was buried in
the Red Clay Creek Presbyterian church
graveyard.

William Brackin, grandfather of William
M. Brackin, was born on the Limestone road.
Mill Creek hundred, in 1788. There he at-
tained to manhood, and was for a few year-
a farmer. In 1809, he removed to Brackin-
ville, ]\Iill Creek hundred, purchased a tract
of land there and cultivated it until 1818,
■when he erected a hotel and conducted it until
his death. Wlien he established his hostelry,
Mv. Bracken gave it the name of "Peace and
Plenty," and the ])atronage it received was
convincing evidence that the sign which greet-
ed the traveler conveyed to him no unfultilled
promises. When the good old expressive titles
of inns were droppe<l, Mr. Brackin changed
the name to Brackin's Ibjtel, but in no wise
abated tlie hospitable cheer of his tavern, ^fr.
Iirackiu was a private in the war of 1812.

lie was a stanch follower of Jeffereon and
Jackson, and an active party worker.

On October 17, 1811, William Brackin waa
married to Maiy, daughter of John ]\Ienden-
liali, of ilill Creek hundred. They iiad chil-
dren: I. James M., born November 30, 1812,
farmer, deceased; II. Elizabeth, bom June
12, 1815, married John Plankerton, a miller,
botii deceased; III. John G., born April 10,
1818, deceased; IV. William B., bom Octo-
ber 1, 1820, deceased; V. Hannah J. (Mrs.
Edward Green), born Febniary 3, 1823, died
in Delaware county, Pa.; VI. Mary A., born
May 14, 1825, deceased; VII. Benjamin
Eranklin, born May 15, 1827, was a well
known carpenter and contractor, of Wilming-
ton, deceased; VIII. Edith Ann, bom Febrii-
ary 28, 1829, deceased. Mrs. Mary Brackin
died September 7, 1837, and was buried in
St. James P. E. churchyard at Stanton.
William Brackin married in July, 1846, as
his second wife, Bertha, daughter of Richard
Russell, bom in Yorkshire, England, in 1813.
Their children are: I. Sarah J. (Mrs. Ross D.
Piei-son), of Chester county. Pa., born May 6,
1848; II. Richard R., born December 1,
1849, died young; III. Newton J., born De-
cendjer G, 1851; IV. Mai-y A., born Decem-
ber 2, 1855, deceased. Mr. Brackin died in
1859, and Avas biuied in St. James P. E.
churchyard at Stanton. After her husband's
death, Mrs. Brackin conducted tlie hotel for a
number of yeai-s. She died May 30, 188G,
and was also buried in St. James P. E. church-
yard.

James M. Brackin, father of William M.
Brackin, was born at Brackinville, November
30, 1812. He attended the district schools
of Mill Creek hundred and aftenvard learned
carpentry with Joshua Jackson. For twenty
yeai-s lie was employed at his trade, and then
turned his attention to farming. In 1851 he
leased the Garret farm at Yorklyn, Christiana
hundred, and resided there until 18G9, when
he went to the home of his son William ]\I.,
and remained with him until his death. ^Ir.
Brackin was a skilled mechanic and a practi-
cal farmer. He had unich in\entive skill and
was clever in nmking odd wooden articles.
One of the products of his busy hand was a
small table made out of one hundred and
twenty-five different ])ieces of wood. Relics
of any nature were eagerly sought for and
careful!}' preserved by him. One of his col-

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624

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

lections was of five thousand buttons, no two
of which were alike. Mr. Erackin waB high-
ly esteemetl by the people of his community.
For some years he was United States assessor
in i\Iill Creek, Christiana and liraudywiue
hundreds. Ho was in liis early life a Dcmuo-
crat, but afterward joined the Kepublioan
^ .party. James ]\I. Brackin was man-ied to
Eleanor, daughter of Thomas and Elt-anor
(Robinson) Lyman, born in Christiana him-
dred. They had children: I. Williajn M.; II.
Sarah Eleanor, died young; III. Tlionuis,
died in 1802; lY. Mary E. (Mi-s. Alpheus
Pennock), died in IMill Creek hundred. Mr.
Braokin died in 1885; his wife died in Janu-
ary, 1872; both were buried in the Lower
Brandywine Presbyterian churchyard. Air.
Brackin was an elder in the church.

"William M. Lirackin attended Mount Pleas-
ant public school and Ebenezer school, and as-
sisted his father on the home fann imtil 1801,
when he leased the (larrett farm of 190 acres
in Christiana lumdrod, and cultivated it xintil
1809. In the latter year he removed to the
Glenbrook farm of 104 acres, Christiana hun-
dred, and h;is resided there ever since, making
e.\tensive improvements and adding much to
the beauty and productiveness of the fann.
lie devotes much attention to the dairy and
stock raising, and is regarded as one of tlie
most successful fanners of the hundred. In
1802, during the first administration of Presi-
dent Lincoln, Mr. Brackin was appointed to-
bacco inspector. In 1894, Mr. Brackin was
elected road commissioner, succeeding George
Eby, and has been an active and faithful of-
ficial. The roads have been greatly improved
since he entered upon his duties, ilr. Brackin
is a memljer of Annstrong Lodge, No. 20, F.
& A. ]\I.; of Delta Chapter, 11. A. M., and
St. John's Commandery, Iv. T., and of the
Diamond State Grange. He is a Republican,
and an enthusiastic worker for the success of
his party.

In 1807, at Yorklyn, William M. Brackin
was married to Mary, daugiiter of Joshua
Jackson, bom in Elkton, (^ecil county, Md.
Tlieir children are: I. Elizabeth P., at home;
II. William J., at home. Airs. Mary Brackin
died in 1872, and was buried in the Lower
Brandywine Presliytcrian churchyard. In
1882 Williajn !M. Brackin married Adelaide,
daughter of Joseph E. Pennock, liorn in
Franklin township, Chester county, Pa. Mrs.

Adelaide Brackin died in 1883, and was
buried in the Lower Brandywine Presbyterian
gxaveyard. Mr. Brackin is a member of the
Presbyterian church.

JOSEPH II. CHANDLER, M. D., Ceu-
treville, Naw Castle county, Del., eldest son
of Joseph Perlee and Elizabeth (Ilendrick-
son) Chandler, was bom at Centreviile, at IL
o'clock a. m., June 15, 1839.

His great-great-grandfather, George Chand-
ler, was a native of New Garden, {,;iies-
ter county, Pa., and aji influential Friend.
Joseph Chandler, son of George Chandler, of
New Garden, was born in that jjlaee; he was
a farmer, and passed his tranquil and useful '
lite upon his homestead in the same neigh-
borhood, where he died, and las remains were
interred in the graveyard at Centre meeting.
Joseph Chandler married Ann, daughter of
Isaac; and Elizabeth (James) Chandler; their
on])- child was Benjamin, tlie gi-andfather of
})r. Chandler, who was born in Christiana
hundred, where ho passed his entire life, occu-
pied in cultivating the soil. Benjamin Chand-
ler married Elizabeth, daughter of John and
Alary (Springer) Armstrong; their childreu
were: I. Alary Ann, died unmamed; II.
A'ictor Alexander, died young; III. lu'becca
(Mrs. Joseph G. Ilendrickson), died in 1819;
IV. Josepli Perlee; V. John Poulson; VI.
Elizabeth AL (Airs. James Alartin); VII. Ade-
line P., second wfe, afterwards \vidow of Jos-
eph G. Ilendrickson. Benjamin Chandler
died in 1857, and his mortal remains, with
those of liLs excellent wife, repose in the
churchyard of I^ower BrandyAvine Presbyte-
rian church, of wliich they were honored mem-
bers. Air. Chandler's political tenets were
those of the Whig party.

Their son, Joseph Perlee Chandler, was
born near Centre\'ille in 1810; attended the
schools of the hundred, and the school taught
by Rev. James A. Latta, in Wilmington. His
medical education was received at the Uni-
versity of Pennsylvania, from which institu-
tion he graduate<l in 1831. For forty-eight
years from tliat date, Dr. Chandler pursued
his useful and honorable profession %vith suc-
cess in Centreviile, Del.; he practice<l up to
the day of his death, which occurred Afav 11,
1879. ' Dr. Josejdi P. Chandler was not' only
a skilful j)ractitioner, and held in honor pro-
fessionally; he was also highly esteemed as a
citizen. He owned a thriving farm, on

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STATE OF DELAWARE

625

■which he had built a comfortable and beauti-
ful residence; he wiis a man of tin© appear-
ance, measuring five feet ten inches in h(,'iglit,
and weigiiing I'JO pounds. Before the war of
the Kelielllon, he had been a Democrat; alter
that i)eriod, he supported the Jvepublican
party. Dr. Chandler's remains were buried in
lirandywine cemetery, Wilmington.

Joseph Perlee Chandler was man-ied at
Greenville, Christiana hundred, to Elizabeth,
daughter of Peter and Ilebecca (McCullough)
Ilendrickson; the family is of Scotch ancestry.
ilrs. C!handler was born in Christiana hun-
dred. Their children are: I. Joeeph 11.; II.
I'eter, engaged in husbandry in ( 'hester
county, Pa.; III. Ella Iv. (Mrs. Joseph C.
Noblit), of Philadelphia; IV. Elizabeth, wife
of"^annu'l (r. Simmtuis, a dealer in lumber,
of "Wilmington; V. Margaret (Mrs. Samuel
Gregg), resides on the homestead; VI. Ile^
becea II. (Mrs. J. D. Shisler, of Wilmington;
YII. Thomas M., of Philadelphia; VI IT. Ben-
jamin, died in infancy; ]X. Alexander, also
died very yoimg. Mrs. Elizabeth Chandler
died in 188;5, and is buried in the Brandymno
cemeteiy, at Wilming-ton; she was a consistent
member of the Lower Brandywine Presbyter-
ian church. Dr. Joseph P. Chandler took a
deep interest in education; it was for this rea-
son, and not as a politician, that he was
elected and served as school commissioner.

Dr. Joseph II. Chandler was educated in
the Centreville public schools, at Col. Hyatt's
academj', in "Wihnington, and at the seminary
of New York Conference, from whicdi he
graduated in 1851. Aft^r reading medicine
under tlie preceptorship of his father, he en-
tered Jefferson ^Medical College, Philadel-
])hia, in 1858, aiid took his di^iloma from that
celebrate<l school in 1800. Tie first practiced
two years at DuPont Banks, then two years
in "Wilmington; during this time he entered
the U. S. service as surgeon in the Eifth Pegi-
ment of Delaware Infantry, Col. IMcCoomlis,
in which capacity he spent six months at Port
Delaware, Havre de Grace, Md. In 1801, he
became his father's partner at Centreville,
and practiced conjointly with him until tlio
death of Dr. Josejih P. Chandler, in 18711;
since that time he has continued to practice
alone, vvith great success, enjoying a high
reputation for professional knowledge, tact
and skill. Dr. Chandler is a mend)er of the
Aineri<'aii ^ledical Association, also Tucinbcr
and ox-president of the Delaware State .Medi-

cal Society. He is a member of DuPont
I^dge No. 29, A. E. and A. M., Wilmington;
of Centreville Lodge No. 37, I. O. Q. F., and
past grand master of the state; of Centrevdlle
Conclave No. 110, I. O. H. Dr. Chandler is
warmly interested in the educatiomd and other
affairs of the community; he has been for
thirty-five yciirs a school commissioner of Cen-
treville, and a president of the board; is a di-
rector of the Security and Safe Deposit Co.
of "Wilmington; a director of the Wilmington
& Ivennett Turnpike Co.; secretary and treas-
urer of the Centreville and Brandywine Cem-
etery Co., and secretary of the Christiana
Hundred Insurance Co., to insure against
horse stealing. His political opinions have
always been those of the Republican party.
Socially, as well as professionally, Dr. (lliand-
ler enjoys the high esteem of his fellow-citi-
ecns.

Dr. Joseph II. Chandler was married in
Centre\'ille to Sarah Bumell Pugh, daughter
of James P. and Mary B. Pugh, of Harris-
burg, Pa. Their children are: I. Susan P.
(j\Trs. William P. Ilendrickson), of Wilming-
ton, has one child, Anna J.; II. Bessie II.
(]\!i-s. James L. Luke), of Piedmont, W. Va.,
where ^Ir. Luke is a paper manufacturer, has
one child, Joseph Chandler Luke.

Children and Grandcuildken of George
AND Jane Chandler.

I. Jane, married about 1(193 Robert Jef-
feris, of Chichester, afterward settled in East
Bradford township, Chester county. Pa.; had
children as follows:

i. Charity, married fii-st to John Evans, af-
terwar<l, in 1721, to John Cojk', resided in
East l^radford township, had children, Han-
nah, Samuel, ^larj', John, Nathan, Caleb,
Joshua, Joseph;

ii. T^atience (IMrs. Henry Betterton), died
in 1727, leaving children, ]{obert, Mary, Mar-
tha, James, by her first marriage; her second
union was ^vith William ilackey;

iii. James, married in 1728 T<]lizabeth Car-
ter, widow, and died in 1745, in East Brad-
ford, had children, James, Abigail and Em-
mor;

iv. AVilliam, married Elizabeth (Ring)
Neild in 1724, and died about 1778 in East
Bradford, had children, Mary, William, ^Mar-
tha, Nathaniel, Hannah, Samuel, Nathan;

V. Robert, married Elinor , who

died in 1 74lt, and in 1 750 lie man icd a widow.

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BIOORAPHIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

'■^■■f

Elizabeth Harper; his children by the fii-st
marnage were Jane, Joseph and Mar}', by the
second, Robert;

vi. George, married Lydia , died

in East Bradford in 17(i.'?; liis cliildren were
George, James, Mary, Jane, Alice, Lydia,
Martha, Joanna and Kachel;

vii. Jane;
' ^dii. Ann;

Lx. ilary (Mrs. Thomas Temple), settled
in East Cain township, had children, John,
Hannah, J\Iarv, Catherine, Elizabeth, Sarah,
Phebe;

X. Benjamin, niai-ried Elizalieth Carter,
had children, Joseph, James, George, Closes,
Thomas, Ileniy, Prudence, Phebe, Elizabeth,
Jane, Sarah;

xi. Thomas, married Catherine — ^ ,

resided in Wilmington, Del., had at least one
child, Thomas, born January 1(3, 1749 or '50,
man-ied Phebe, daughter of Benjamin and
Elizabeth (Carter) Jeff ens;

xii. John.

II. George, was apprenticed to Edward Be-
zer in jrarch, 1690, for a term of two years
and five months; subsequently married Kuth,
daughter of Edward Bezer, a native of Wilt-
shire, England, and continued to reside in
CUiichester township Tintil his death in 1715;
had children as follows:

i. George, mamed in 1724 to Esther Tay-
lor, who died, and in 1735, he married a sec-
ond wiia; had children, Isaac, who man'ied
Esther, daughter of S\vitliin and Ann (Wil-
son) Chandler, Susanna, George, and perhaps
Jacob and Stephen;

ii. Ruth;

iii. John, settled in Beaver Valley, Del.,

married Elizalieth , had one child.

Amor;

iv. Isaac, married Elizabeth, daughter of
and Ann (]\rankin) James, ilrs.

-, and settled on the

James being a sister-in-law of Thomas Chand-
ler, Sr.; died October 20, 1781, leaving chil-
dren, Ann, ^\^fe of Joseph, son of George, and
grandson of George and Esther (Taylor)
Chandler, Caleb, Abraham, Isaac, li\itli,
Mary and Rachel ;

v. Rachel (Mrs. Jacob Ilollingsworth),
mamed in 1729, resided in Christiana hun-
dred, had children, Elias, 'David, Ruth, Jacob,
Zebedee, Jephtha, Rachel;

III. Swithin, born June 24, 1674, the only
member of the famil>' of George and Jane
Chandler, the date of whose birth is known,

married Ann

Brandywine, just within the present northern
boundary of Delaware, died about 1742,
leaving children as follows:

i. Jacob, of Christiana hundred. New Cas-
tle county, Del., man-ied Alartha Cireave in
1730, had children, Sarah, Miriam, Mai"tha,
Annie, Lydia, iMary, Hannah;

ii. Charity (Afrs. John Nichols), of Chris-
tiana hundred, married in 1728, had children,
Charity, James, and perhaps others;

iii. Ann (Mrs. George Dixson), of Chris-
tiana hundred, married in 1725, had children,
Enoch, Dinah, Caleb, George, Phebe and
Joshua ;

iv. Jane (Mrs. John Greave), of Christiana
hundred, married in 1733, had children,
Thomas, Ann, William, Sarah, Mary, Jane,
Samuel, Hannah ;

V. Sarah ('^h•s. Jonathan Greave), of Chris-
tiana hundretl, married in 1739, had cliildren,
Rebecca, Jacob, Jonathan, Mar}* and David;

\'i. Swithin, of Christiana hundred, married
Ann Wilson in 1739, and had children,
Esther, Phelje, Christoplier, Jacob, David,
Swithin, Enoch, and Sarah;

vii. Thomas, lived upon the homestead in
Christiana hmidred, married in 1742 Eliza-
beth Gibson, who died, lea^Tug one child,
Elizabeth; in 1747 he married Ann Hicklin,
had cliildren, Amos, Jesse, Jaccjb, Dinah,
"William, Lydia, Thonms, Aaron;

viii. ilargaret; ix. Jlary; x. Phebe; xi.
Betty; xii. Hannah.

IV. Thomas, settled on land adjoining his
brother Swdthin, on the Brandywine, owned
in partnership with the same brothers, a mill
property on Beaver creek, was for about
twenty years a member of the provincial leg-
ii-lature of Pennsylvania, married ilary,

daughter of Richard and — Mankin,

of New Castle county, died in 1761;

V. William, settled in London Grove,
Chester county. Pa., married, July 10, 1712,
Ann, daughter of John and Frances Bowater,
of J\Iiddletown township, died in 1746, leav-
ing children, as follows:

i. Jane; ii. Lj'dia; iii. Samuel;

iv. William, of London Grove, Pa., mar-
ried Rebecca (Allen) Mode, a widow, in 1756,
had children, Joseph, Allen, Thomas, Wil-
liam, Rebecca;

V. John, inherited the homestead in Lon-
don Grove, married Susanna Parks in 1711,

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STATE 0/'' DELAWARE

G27

died in 1753, had children, Samuel, John and
AVilliaiu;

vi. Aiine;

vii. Thomas, settled in liirmingham, Ches-
ter comity, Pa., where he inherited the home-
stead of his uncle, 'J'homas Chandler, Sr., mar-
ried Hannah Wilson in 174i), and had chil-
dren, iMary, Jane, Joshua, Benjamin, Ke-
becca, Hannah, Ann, Thonuis, father of Eliza-
beth ^Margaret Chandler, the poetess;

viii. Moses;

ix. Mary;

X. Anne, 2, married in 1753 to Joseph
Trimble, of East Nottingham, Md., had chil-
dren, Joseph, Thomas, Jacob, Sai'ah, James
and Elisha.

VI. Charity appears to have died before
1726, unmarried.

VIT. Ann, marrietl fii-st to Samuel Robins,
of Philadelphia, aftenvard to George Jones,
died August 10, 175S, had children;

i. Sarah (Robins), mamed in 1734, to
Abraham ilitchell, of J-'hiladelpliia, where
both died in 1788, had children, Ann (Mrs.
Joseph Potts), Sarah (ili-s. Isaac Pamsli),
marrietl in 1759, Deborah, Esther (ilrs. Sam-
uel Franklin), Mai"y (ilrs. William Gam-
gi\,es), marrie<l in 1771, Hannah, and six oth-
ers, who died in infancy;

ii. Samuel;

iii. Anne (Mi"s. Henry Chads), married in
1738, die<^l leaving a son, Henry Chads, Jr.,
who became an officer in the British navy;

iv. IMarv (ilrs. Thomas Stretch);

V. (Mrs. Blaithwaite Jones).

J. WILLARD CROSSAN, M. D., Cen-
treville, ISTew Castle county, Del., son of Cal-
■^au W. and Sarah E. (Piei'son) Crossan, was
born near Red Clay Creek Church, Jlill
Creek hundred, New Castle county, Del.,
January 12, 1871.

In 1713, three brothers named Crossan
emigi-ated from County Tyrone, Irelaud, to
America, and settling in I'elaware became the
founders of a family which is one of the oldest
and most influential in New Ca.stle county.
The brothers owned 1,000 acres in this coun-
ty, where they spent the remainder of their
lives. James Crossan, a grandson of one of
these brothel's, and the great-great-grand-
father of Dr. J. Willard Crossan, wa.s born on
the Crossan homestead in ilill Creek hundird,
where he spent his life in farming. He '\as

a disciple of Thomas Jefferson, and an active
worker for the success of his partj'. James

Crossan was married to l^ishup. Their

children were: I. John; II. Samuel; III.
James; IV. Elleth; V. Jane; VI. Mary.
James Crossan anil his wife died at their home
in Jlili Creek hundred.

James C-rossan, 2, third son of James and
(Bishop) Crossan, was born and edu-
cated in Mill Creek hundred, where he owned
and cultivated 110 acres of land. During the
war of 1812, Mr. Crossan enlisted as a private
and fought bravely in defense of his country.
James Crossan was nnu'ried to Abigail Sharp,
a native of Chester county. Pa. Their chil-
dren are: I. John R., deceased; II. Isaac,
deceased; III. Eli, of New Castle hundrexl;
IV. James, resides in Pennsylvania; V. Lewis
IL, of Pennsylvania; VI. Ann, of Wilming-
ton, Del. Mr. Crossan and his wife were
membei-s of the Presbyterian church. llis
death, which was the result of injuries re-
ceived from an unruly horse, occurretl in his
fifty-sixth j'ear. His widow died at the hom'^-
stead; both are buried in the cemetery at Red
Clay Creek Church.

Dr. Crossan's gi-andfather, John R. Cros-
san, eldest son of James ajul Abigail (Sharp)
Crossan, who was a miller and farmer, was
born in ilill Creek hiuidred, where he grew
uj), working on the homestead, and receiving
his education in the public schools of the di.--
trict. He learned milling at Ashland in the
mill then owned by John C. Phillips, and af-
ter working as a journeyman in the Green-
bank and in the Brandywine mills, removed
to Avondale, Chester county. Pa., and took
charge of the mill there. In 1844, Mr. Cros-
san returned to ilill Creek hundred. New
Castle county, and having purchased a part of
the old Crossan homestead, devoted himself
to fanning and stockraising, in which he was
very successful. He was a good citizen, inter-
ested in public atTairs, and an active member
of the Democratic party. John R. Crcwsan
was maiTied, in ilill Creek hundred, to Mar-
garet ilorrison. Their children are: I. Cal-
vin W. ; IT. ^Morris D., of AVilmington, Del.;
III. Ellis P., of Chester county. Pa. Mv.
Crossan and liis wife were members of the
Presbyterian church, in wdiich he was a trus-
tee; he died at his heme in ilill Creek hiui-
dred, June 27, l.'S!)2. His widow died in
Strickcrsville, Pa., at the home of their son,
!':ili- P. Cid-san, January 29, 1893; both are

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C.2S

BIOGKAPIIIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

buried in the cemetei-y of the Presbyteiian
church in Ited Uhiy Creek hundred.

lion. Calvin W. Crossan, father of Dr. J.
"Wilhird Crossan, was born on the homestead
in -Mill Creek hundred, Novend)er :i5, 1845.
Jle received his education in the public and
l)rivate schools of tho district, and having
leiu-ned practical fanning under his father's
,careful supervision, devoted his lite to iius-
bandry. In 187G, after renting for three
years in Chester county, Pa., .Mr. Crossan re-
moved to his present farm in Christiana linn-
dred, New Castle county, Del. lie is a man
of sound judgment, esteenred and respected
for his integrity and business ability, a stanch
Democrat, actively interested in public aifairs.
In 1884 he was elected to the state senate,
where he served on several important commit-
tees, discharging his duties promptly and sat-
isfactorily. In 1S06 he was appointe<l by
Governor Watson register and recorder of
wills for New Castle county; this office he has
tilled with characteristic fidelity, ilr. Cros-
san is a mendjer of Armstrong Lodge, No. 20,
A. y. and A. M., of Newport, Deh; past
grand master of Friendship Lo<lge, I. O. O.
1., of Iloekessin, Del.; and of the Grand
Lodge of the State. Calvin W. Grossman
was married in ]\Iill Creek hundred, in 1870,
to Sarah K., daught^'r of Laban Pierson, a
harness maker of j\Iill Creek hundred, where
Mrs. Crossan was born. Their children are :
L Dr. J. AVillard; 11. ]\Ial)el P.; III. Evans
H. The family are membei-s of the Presby-
terian church.

J. Williard Crossan attended the public
schools of ilill Creek hundred, the scliool at
Brandywine Springs, known as "the big
school," and St. John's boarding school,
Brandywine Spring's, under Prof. Thom])ion.
After spending two years in the public
schools of Wilmington, Del., three yeai-s at
the Friends' school in the same city, and two
years at Delaware College, Dr. Crossan began
rciading medicine under Dr. L. 11. Pall, of
Brandywine Springs, and in 1890 pntered the
medical department of the University of
Pennsylvania, and graduated with honor from
that institution in 1894. Having finished his
medical course, he was appointed resident
physician in the Delaware llosjutal, at Farn-
hurst. New Castle co\inty. In the autumn of
1895, sixteen months after receiving his ap-
pointment. Dr. Crossan resigned \i]< |«jsition,
removed to Centrevilh", Del., where he i.pened

an office, and has built up a large and con-
stantly increasing practice, llis genial, af-
fable manner and intelligent conversation
make liim a favorite in social circles, while his
medical knowledge and his skill as a physician
and surgeon have won the confidence and
gi'atitude of the community, lie is a mem-
ber of the State ]\Iedical Society, and a close,
enthusiastic and })rogressive student. He is
connected wdth Vidcan Lodge, A. O. U. W.,
No. 28, Marshallton, Del. Dr. Crossan is
interested in the public affairs of the county,
and has identified himself with the Demo-
cratic party. He is a member of the Presby-
terian church.

EEV. WILLIAM J. BERMINGHAM, P.
0. Henry Clay, Del., son of Uichai-d and Ann
(Smith) Bermingham, was born in New York
City, N. Y., April 9, 1859.

ilis parents were bom in Ireland, and re-
moved to New York City early in life. Wil-
liam J. Bermingham is the eldest of nine chil-
dien. He received his rudimentary education
in the public schools of New York City, and
laler matriculated at Seton Hall, N. J., going
thence to ]\Iount St. ]\lary's Seminary at Em-
mettsburg, Md., where he studied theology.
In 1884, he was ordained a priest of the Po-
inan Catholic church by Bishop Northrop, of
Char]est(m, S. C. His first jiarisli was in Do-
ver, Del., where he spent three yeare looking
after the spiritual interests of several missions.
Thence he was transferred to St. Paul's par-
ish, Wilmington, and remained there seven
years. For the succeeding year, his work was
in Elkton, ild., and from that place he re-
ti'.med to Wilmington, where he was assigned
to St. ]\lary's parish. In 1895 he was ap-
pointed by Bishop Curtis to the paiish of St.
Joseph on the Pirandywine, and there he has
labored very faithfully for the past three
years. In the discharge of his pastoral duties,
Father Bermingham has acdiieved very grati-
fying restdts. He is of a progressive and ener-
getic nature, and St. Joseph's has profited
tl ereby. Impmvements to the extent of $10,-
()00 Imve been made in the church edifice and
grounds, and the school building, and the con-
gregation has greatly increased in member-
fhip. Principally through his efforts, the at-
1i-T)denee at the parochial school has risen
from one hundred to two hundred pupils. As
a jiulpit orator. Father Pjcrmingham is elo-
(,n'nt and convincing. He is a profound stii-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

G29

t'ent, aud has stored his mind with a wide
range of knowledge, upon which he draws
leadily and always to the edification of his
l:caiPis. ITe has devoted some of his time to
pnhlic lectures, aud is one of the most popular
jilatform speakers in Delaware; his originality
in ideas, incisiveness and beauty of language,
and forcible and gTaceful delivery, make him
a silver-tongued orator, who is always heard
%vifh delight by large audiences. Father
Ik'rmingham is cathcjlic in his ideas, broad of
mind, liberal, and in sympathy with the ad-
vanced thought and action of the times. He
is popular with all classes and in his own de-
nomination is most highly esteeme<l. lie is
of fine physique. In his jiolitioal views he is
a I'emoerat.

THOMAS LOT, P. 0. Henry Clay, New
Castle county, Del., son of James and ^\.nn
(CuiTen) Loy, was born in Christiana hun-
dred, New Castle county, Del., February 15,
18.55.

His grandfather, Daniel Loy, was born in
Ireland, but came to this country when a
young man. He foimd emploj'uient fii'st in
I'biladelidua, and in 1817 he came to Dela-
ware and settled on the banks of the Brandy-
wine. For tifteen years he was employcil in
the DuPont powder mills, and in 183:2 met his
death there in the explosion of the dust mill.
He was a Pepublicau, or anti-Federalist, aud
. aftenvards a Democrat. Daniel Loy was mar-

ried to Rosanna Coj'le, of Donegal, Ireland.
T lieir children were: I. Neil; TI. James; III.
Ehzabeth; IV. Ann (Mrs. Paul Began); V.
Jane; VI. Mary (Mrs. James ]\IcKenna);
A'll. Daniel, 2; all are deceased. ^Ir. Loy was
a member of the Roman ( 'atholic church, and
was buried in St. Peter's churchyard in Wil-
mington. His widow lived to be one hundred
yeai-s old, and die<l in ( 'hristiaiui hundred.
She was buried in the churchyajxl of St. Jos-
eph R. C. cluirch on the Brandywine.

James Loy, father of Thomas Loy, wafi
Lorn in Christiana hundred and there re-
ceived his early education. In Philadelphia
he learned carpentry, and worked at that
trade for several j'eai's. Returning to Chiisti-
ana hundred, he e-stablisln-d a general store on
the DuPont banks and conducted it until
1857, when he purchased a tract of land in
Christiana hundred and engaged in fiUTning,
luiving emjiloyment at the same time as a

teamster for the DuPont powder works. He
was widely and favorably known. He was a
Democrat, but never aspired to office, nor in-
tereated himself in the campaigns except to
cast his ballot. James Loy was married to
Ann Curren, a native of Halifax, England.
They had children: I. Daniel, 3, died in
1877; 11. Thomas; III. ]\Iartlia J. (Mre. John
Doran), of Wilmington; IV. a child who died
in infancy. Mi-s. Ann Loy died in 1819, and
was buried in St. Joseph's R. C. churchyard.
]\Ir. Loy married as his second wife, Bridget
]\IcCallen. Their children are: I. Catharine
(Mrs. John McLeer), widow; II. Neil J., and
III. James, 2, twins, deceased; IV. Joseph
A.; V. Henry J.; VI. James, 3, died young;
VII. Rose, died young; VIII. James, 4; IX.
Eugenie I.; X. Owen; XL Mary, died yomig.
Mr. Loy died January 3, 1881; ili-s. Bridget
Loy is also deceased; both were buried in St.
Joseph R. C. churchyard. Mr. Loy was a
consistent member of St. Joseph's church.

Thomas Loy attended the public schools of
Chiistiana hundi-ed and worked at home with
his father, as.sisting him as a teamster until
18G!), when he began a long and successful
career as a landlord. He leased the Jeffei-son
House at DuPont banks, and for twenty-nine
yeai-s has conducted it to the satisfaction of
the traveling ptddic and his own credit and
emolument. He is genial, liberal and a firm
friend. During the Civil War he was a mem-
ber of an emergency company in Delaware.
j\Ir. Loy has always taken a lively interest in
politics, and his friends have frequently re-
warded his fidelity to his party and recognized
his executive ability by electing him to office.
He was tax-collector of Christiana hundred in
1880, 1881 and 1884; in 1880 he was
United States census enumerator; in 1881 was
elected a Ix?vy Court commissoner for New
Castle county and served as such for four
yeai-s; in 189G he was a candidate for a mem-
ber of the Conistitutional Convention. ]\lr.
Loy has been a life-long Demoe'rat, ami for
sixteen yeai-s has been a mendier of the
county executive conmiittee of his party.

In 1807, Thomas Loy was married to ilary
Elwood, bom in County Waterford, Ireland.
Their children are: I. Ann (ilrs. AVilliam
Gunn), deceased; II. Elizabeth, died young ;
III. Elwood N., at home; IV. Rose A. (Mrs.
George Fritzell; V. Ida ilay (ilrs. Edwin
Johnson), of Wilmington ; VI. Daniel

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630

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Henry, at school; VLI. Charlotte; VIII.
Thomas C, died young. Mr. Loy is a mem-
ber of the K. C. church.

WILLIAM GREEN, P. O. Greenville,

New Castle county, Del., son of Charles and
Susan (Wilson) Green, was born at CJlreen-
ville, Christiana hundred, New Castle county,
Del, November 20, 1852.

The Green family is of Irish descent. Its
members are influential in Christiana hun-
dred. This family was established in Dela-
ware by William Green, grandfather of the
present William Green, who was born in En-
niskillen, Ireland, in 1802, and came to
America in 1818. His parents were poor and
he could see but little promise of improve-
ment in his condition in his native land. The
United States, then frcish from the second
A'ictory over the mother countiy, and in the
midst of its marvelous early development, at-
tracted him, and lie found here a home on the
historic Brandywine and employment in the
DuPont powder mills. He was an intelligent,
faithful workman, and his advancement was
rapid. For a number of years he was superin-
tendent of the upper yard, and while holding
this position was killed by an explosion at the
mills. A year before his death, Mr. Green
had purchased a tract of land (now called
Greenville) on the Kennett pike and had
erected upon it a large brick dwelling house.
By reason of his untimely death he never oc-
cupied this handsome residence. Mr. Green
was higlily respected, and very popular
among the proprietoi-s and employees of the
powder mills. He was kind, courteous and
helpful to all under his control. In politics
he was a Whig. William Green man-ied, in
Wilmington, ilaria Baker, whose parents
M'ere natives of Amsterdam, Holland. Their
children were: I. Charles, deceased; IL
Mary (Mi-s. Henry Horrison); III. James,
deceased; IV. Maria (Mre. Denly); V. Wib
liam. Mr. Green died in 1847, aged forty-
five years; he was buried in the DuPont fam-
ily graveyard. He was a member of the P.
E. church. !Mrs. Green died at the home of
her son; she was a member of the P. E.
church.

Charles Green, eldest son of William and
]\raria (Baker) Green, was born in Christiana
hundred in 1825, and was educated in the
schools of the hundred. He learned carpentry

■with Mr. Goodman, in Philadelphia, and fol-
lowed this trade for several yeai-s. He then
returned to Christiana hundred, and, with hia
brothers-in-law, the Messrs. Wilson, engaged
in the tinware business on the Brandywine.
The venture was a successful one, and in
1885, Mr. Green retired to the farm at Green-
ville, where he resided until his death. He
was a man of much enterprise and the highest
integrity. He was a member of the I. 0. 0.
F. In his political views, Mr. Green was a
Whig, and afterwards a stanch Republican.
He held a number of local offices. Charles
Green married Susan Wilson, of Brandy-
wine, daughter of William Wilson, and sister
of James Wilson, a well-known citizen of
New Castle county. They had children: I.
Maria, married II. W. Morrow, chemist of
Wilmington; II. Mar}', married Rev. A. H.
Studebaker, a L\itheran minister, of Ohio;
III. William; IV. Ella, married John C. Luke,
paper manufacturer of Rockland, Del.;
V. Charles, 2. Mr. Green died on his
farm at Greenville in 1801; he was senior
warden of Christ P. E. church for many
yeai-s, and. a vestryman. Mi-s. Green died on
the homestead, at Greenville, in 1897, and
was buried in the Lower l^randywine ceme-
tery.

William Green enjoyed the advantages of
a careful education. He attended the public
schools of Christiana hundred, and afterward
studied at the Chester Military Academy, and
Newark Academy under Professor Edward
D. Porter. Until 1882, he remained at home.
In that year, he engaged in the coal and lum-
ber business at Greenville, and for the past
si.xteen years he has conducted a very profit-
al)le business. He is widely knoMm and re-
spected because of liis mercantile entei-prise
and his culture. In 1888 he was appointed
postmaster of Greenville and has continued to
fill the office for the past ten years, to the emi-
ment satisfaction of the patrons and the gov-
ernment. He is an uncompromising Republi-
can.

William Green was married to Ann, daugh-
ter of Charles Le Carpenter, of the DuPont
Powder Company. Their children are: I.
Anna; II. Susan; both are attending school.
Mr. Green is a member of Christ P. E.
church.

Charles Green, M. D., brother of William
Green, was educated in the pidilic schools of

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STATE OF DEL AW ABE

G31

Christiana liundred and in T. Clarkson Tay-
lor's Academy, in Wilmington. Aftenvard
he entered the Columbus Medical College,
from which he was graduated in 1879. In
the same year he was graduated from the Col-
lege of Physicians and Surgeons in Xew York
City. After the conelusiou of his medical
studies he began the j)ractice of his profession
in Wilmington, and in that city and Green-
ville, has liecn a successful jiractitioner for the
past nineteen years. He is a member of the
Delaware State iledical Society and a popu-
lar man. Dr. Green cast.s his ballot with the
Iiepublicau party.

WILLIAM J. BROWN, P. O. Ileniy

Clay, New Castle county, Del., son of Thomas
and Mary A. (Taylor) Brown, was born iu
Christiana hundred, New Castle county, Del.,
January G, 1S55.

Thomas Brown was born in Ireland, and
came to this country when a young man. He
t'Cttlcd on the banks of the Brandywine, New
Castle county, Del., and secured emplo}^nent
with the DuPont Powder Company. After
several yeai's he relinquished this position, and
entered the employment of W. R. Blnkley,
with whom he has been associated for the past
forty years. Mr. Brown is a Republican,
moderate and conservative and much re-
spected. Thomas Brown was man'ied to
iiary A. Taylor, a native of Ireland. Their
children ai-e: I. Jane; IT. William J.; III.
!XIary A. (Mrs. CuUen), of Wilmington; IV.
Samuel, in the employ of the Jackson &
Sharp Co., carbuildcrs, of Wilmington;
two children died iu infancy. ^Ir. BrowTi is
a member of the P. E. church, ilrs. Brown
died in 1864:, and was buried in the ^ilount
Salem churchyard. She was a faithful church
member.

William J. Brown attended the public
schools of Christiana hundred, and since his
school days has devoted himself exclusively to
the cultivation of a farm. When he left home
he secured a position as fami laborer with
Abraham Ford, of Christiana hundred, and
fpent sixteen years with him. He was an in-
dustrious .assistant to Mr. Ford, and developed
into an able practical farmer. When ^Ir.
Ford died, he leased the farm of 220 acres,
owned by the ilessrs. DuPout, and for the
])ast five j'ears has managed it very success-
fully. He pays much attention to his large

dairy and makes it a productive addition to
his grain and stock yields. ^Ir. Brown is
recognized as one of the most enterprising and
intelligent farmei-s of Christiaim hundred. In
1890 he was elected road commissionei- on the
Republican ticket, and was iii<ihly ethcicnt in
this office. He is a mendjer of Wawaset
Tribe, No. 9, I. O. II. il., of Rising Sun, and
of Pocahontas Council, No. 1, of the s:ame or-
der. He is also a member of Loyal Orange
Association, No. 12.5, of Wilmington. He is
an enthusiastic Rejjublican.

William J. Brown was married in ISSG, to
Margaret, daughter of Abraham Ford, his
former employer. Their children are: I.
:\rartha F.; II. Abram F.; III. Thomas.

JOHN LYNN, P. 0. Elsmere, New
Castle county, Del., son of Robert and
Eleanor (Bratton) Lynn, was born iu Chris-
tiana hundred. New Castle county, Del., No-
vember 2S, 1857.

]\Ir. Lynn's ancestors were Scotch-Irish.
Robert Lynn, father of John Lynn, was born
in Donegal, Ireland, and received his educa-
tion in the schools of that county. By occupa-
tion he was a iisherraan and farmer. In 1S50,
he came to America and settled on the Du-
I'ont banks. There he secured employment
as a quarryman for the DuPont Powder Com-
I'any, and resided in the same place until his
ilcath. Mr. Lynn was a man of energy, a
good workman, and generally respected. He
was a Republican. Robert Lynn man-ied in
Ii'cland, Eleanor Bratton, born in Donegal.
Their children were: I. James, of Wilming-
ton; II. Matilda, married Robert Kerr, a
railroad employee; III. Mary (ilrs. John Gil-
Ian); lY. Robert; V. John; VI. David, died
}-oung; VII. Nellie. The fii-st three children
were born in Ireland, ilr. Lynn died in
ISSC; his widow in 1890; both were buried
in the Green Hill Presbyterian gi-aveyard.
]\Ii-s. Lynn was a member of the Green Hill
Presbyerian church.

John Lynn had little opportunity for ac-
quiring an education in his boyhoud. He at-
tended the public schools for a short time, but
at an early age went to work in a cotton mill,
at one dollar per week. When he was twelve
J ears old, he was well gro\\m and strong
enough to undertake more remunerative
work; he therefore secured emjdoyment iu
the stone quarries near his home, and worked

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«32

BIOGEAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

there for six years; after which he leiu-ueJ
stone cutting and masonry in Pluhidclphia.
AVith the ambition which makes of young
men successful business projectoi-s, he spent
his earnings in Piiihidelphia at a night school
and received a valuabh- practical educaticjn.
lie was three years in that city, and then re-
turned to Delaware. I'^n- three years after-
■wai-ds he was employed by the P. AV. & 13. R.
li. Co., as a mason, then worked for J. Pan-
croft & Son for several years, and during the
succeeding nine years wan master nuisou on
the AVilmington 6z Northern railroad. In
1891 Mr. Lynn fonned a partnership wth
George W. Phillijis, his brother-in-law, and
for the past seven yeare the tirni had a suc-
cessful career as contractors and builders.
Among the largest structures ercctcHl by them
are Christ church rectory and the Second
Baptist church, of Wilmington; Silverbrook
M. E. church; Sacred Heart school, and Snel-
lenburg's building in Wilmington. The tirm
Ijas secured and satisfactorily completed con-
tracts in many parts of Northern Delaware.
!Mr. Lynn, the senior partner, is one of the
busiest men in Christiami hundred. lie is en-
■dowed \\'ith excellent busine^ss capacity, is
genial and popular, and is held in high es-
teem. He has erected for his occupancy a tine
large residence in Elsmere. Mr. Lynn was
elected a Levy Court Commissioner for the
Fii"st District of New Castle county in 1896,
and served his constituents faithfully. He is
a member of DuPont Lodge, No. 29, F. & A.
]\1.; and of Vulcan Lodge, No. 22, A. 0. U.
AV., of !N[ai-shallton. He is an earnest Pepub-
lican.

John Lynn was married in (Miristiana hun-
dred, to Eva, daughter of Lewis and Margaret
Phillips, born in Brandywine hundred. Their
children are: I. ]^Iabel E.; XL Nellie V.; III.
Jolui Forwood. Mr. Lynn and family are
members of the Presbyterian church. Airs.
Lynn is a most estimable woman, cultured and
kindly.

ISPAELP. RIIOADS, P. O. Montchanin,
New Castle county, Del., son of Benneville
and Pebecca (Lewis) Phoads, was bom in
Birdsboro, Berks county. Pa., July 30, 1S49.

His fiitlicr waa a blacksmith of Birdsboro.
P)Otli father and motlicr were of English de-
scent. 'J'hoy had nine children. Both are
dead. Israel P. Phoads was educated in the
piddic scho<jls of Birdsboro, and loarne<l

house-painting. He was employed at his trade
for a few j'ears in liis native town, and then
removed to Wilmington, Del., where he learn-
ed telegraphy and secured a position as oper-
ator and clerk in the othcc of the AVilmington
A: Nurlhern Pailroad in that city. Nino
years later, in 1882, he was aiipointed agent of
the railroad at ilontclianin, Christiana hun-
dred. New Castle county, and has remained
there since that time. For three years he was
agent for the Adams Express Company at
]\Iontchanin, but for a long time has repre-
sented the United Stated Express Company.
In 1890 the ilontchanin postoffice was estab-
lished, and Mr. Phoads was appointed post-
master by the Postmaster General under Pres-
ident Harrison. He has lield the office con-
tinuously to this time. Mr. Phoads is a pop-
idar citizen, and has the confidence of the pub-
lic in the discharge of his many duties. For
twenty-five years he has been connected with
the AVilmington & Northern Railroad, and is
justly esteemed one of its most faithful em-
ployees, always alert to advance the interests
of the company, and attentive to the demands
of its patrons. His eight yeai-s of service as
postmaster demonstratLMl the satisfaction
which his administration of the office has
given tlie people of Alontchanin. Mr. Rhoads
is a Rejjublican.

In 1S73, in Oxford, Pa., Israel P. Rhoads
was married to Annie C. AVhitecraft, born in
AVilmington, daughter of Captain James
AVhitecraft, a veteran officer of the Civil War.
Their children are: I. i\Iaria; II. James, a
student in an architectural school. Mrs.
Rhoads die<l in April, 1898, and was buried in
the ilount Salem il. E. churchyard. Mr.
lihoads and family are membei-s of the Metho-
dist denomination, and he is a trustee of the
Salem ]\I. E. church. He has been an active
member of that congregation for ten years and
is a consistent Christian gentleman.

HON. JOHN AV. R. KILLGORE, P. O.
New Castle, Del., son of Joseph and Alargaret
(Borland) Killgore, was bom in ilill Creek
hundred. New Castle coimtv, Del., October
27, 1840.

The Killgore family is of Irish descent.
John Killgore, grandfather of John AV. R.
Ivillgore, was born in Ireland and came to this
cotmtry wlien a young man, settling near Rod
Clay Creek church, in Afill Creek hundred.
New Castle cr.unty, Del. There ho was en-

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STATE OF DE LAW ABE

633

gaged in farming for several years, and then
removed to the tollgate near Alariliallton,
where he resided until his death, lie was an
admirer of Thomas Jell'erson, and adopted
that statesman's views. John Killgoro was
married to Drusilla Jackson, of Ciiester
county, Pa. They liad children: I. Joseph;
H. James; III. Robert; IV. Harah; V. John;
all of whom are death Mr. and J\Irs. Killgore
were buried in the Red Clay Creek Presby-
terian churchyard.

Joseph Killgore, eldest son of John and
Drusilla (Jackson) Killgore, was boni in
Mill Creek hundred, and in his early years as-
sisted his father on the farm. AVhen yet a
young man, in 1S2G, he was appointed keeper
of tlie tollgate at Stanton, and for twenty-
one years remained in the position, giving en-
tire satisfaction to the traveling public. In
1847, ,Mr. Killgore establishc<l himself
at iSTewport in the mercantile business, which
he carried on for many years. For fourteen
yeai-s he was justice of the peace, and was for a
short time alderman in Xew]iort. lie was
also postmaster of Ne\V{3ort for a term of four
yeai-s. He was widely knowTi and generally re-
spected. As justice of the peace and alder-
man, he dispensed justice with an even hand;
his decisions were seldom revised by higlier
courts. He was a standi Jackson Democrat.
Joseph Killgore was nuuncd to ilargaret,
daugliter of Abraham and ^largaret Borland,
bom in Cecil county, ]\ld., in ISIO, and of
Irish descent. They had chidlren: I. James
L., deceased; II. ;Mary D. (Mrs. Daniel
C.reen), of Newport; III. John W. R.; IV.
Jose]ih, 2, of Brooklyn, N. Y., was a soldier in
the Civil War and for nine months a prisoner
at Andersonville; V. ]\Iargarct (Mi-s. Robert
T>indell); YI. Charles, died young. Mr. Kill-
gore died in Newport, January 20, 1S87; his
widow died in Newqiort, at the residence of
her son, Hon. John W. R. Killgore, on July
11, 18110, aged eighty-six years; lioth were
memliers of the M. E. church and were bm-ied
in the M. E. churchyard at Newport. ^Ir.
Killgore has been a member of the church for
si.xty years and was for a long time a class
leader and trustee; Mrs. Killgore was a most
estimable woman, with many friends.

Hon. John W. R. Killgore was educated in
the ])ublic schools of Newport. He early de-
veloped keen business qualities and before he
had i-enehed his majority, established a [)rotit-
able trade in country |)roduce, driving his

wagon himself from farm to farm in order to
collect the choicest fowls and vegetables for
shipment to city markets. lu 1801 he en-
gaged in mercantile business in Newport, and
has for tiie past thirty-seven years carrieil it
on most successfully. He erected at a cost of
more than $3,000 a large brick store building,,
the second lloor of which is used as a publie
hall. Mr. Killgore has the respect and con-
fidence of his neighbors to an unusual de-
gree. For one year he was alderman in Ne^^-
port; is now a director of the Newport Build-
ing and Loan Association and served his coun-
ty in the Delaware legislature, having been
elected to that office in 1870. He took a
j)rominent part in the shaping of legislation
during his tenn. ilr. Killgore is a member
of Armstrong Lodge, No. 2(3, F. and A. M.,
of Newport. He has always been an active,
aggressive Democrat.

ROBERT F. LYNA]\I, P. O. Ne^v]5ort,
New Castle county, Del., son of John R. and
Eliza (ilcFarland) Lynam, was born in ilill
Creek hundred. New Castle ounty, Del.,
December 29, 1832.

Thomas Lynam, son of John Lynam and
grandfather of Robert E. Lynam, was of
Swedish descent and was born in Christiana
hundred. He ^vas a farmer, and became an
extensive lando^\^le^. His political associa-
tions were with the followers of Thomas Jef-
ferson. Thomas Lynam was man'ied to
Eleanor Robinson. Thev had children: I.
John R.; IL William; "ill. Thomas; lY.
James; V. Lewis; Yl. All)ert; A''II. Eleanor
(Mrs. James Bracken); YIII. Sarah (Mrs.
William Derickson). Mr. and !Mrs. Lynam
died on tlieir farm and wore Inu-ied in the Old
Swedes' churchyard in Wilmington; they
were consistent members of that church.

John R. Lynam, eldest son of Robert E.
and Eleanor (Robinson) Lynam, was born in
Christiana hundred, and attended the district
schools. His entire life was devoted to farm-
ing. For several years in his early manhood
he leased a faiTU in ^fill Creek hundred, and
afterward purchased the Latimer tract of 00
acres, where he resided until his death. Some
time after that purchase, he bought ailditional
land in Cliristiana hundred, and on both prop-
erties made various im])rovements. He was
well and favorably known throughout the
northern part of Delaware. In ])i;litics he was
a Democrat. John R. L^^lam nuirricd Eliza,

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<J34

BTOGRA PHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

daughter of Robert McFarland, born in New
Castle county, Del. Their cliilclren were: 1.
Thomas P., farmer; II. Robert F. ; III. Lewis
K., died young; IV. Sarah Elizabeth (ihs.
Howard Fliiin), widow; VI. Osborne \\.,
lawyer, deceased; VJI. John R., 2, farmer;
Vlir. Ellen B., widow of John Woodward;
IX. Ann ilaria (ilrs. J']dward CJranstou); X.
]VI«ry (Mrs. Edward McAllister), of New Cas-
tle hundred; XL Albert, deceased; XII. Lou-
etta (Mi-s. Charles Brown), of Wilmington;
XIII. Adelaide S. (Mi-s. Thomas Jones),
widow. ^Mr. Lynam died on his farm in 18S3 ;
]\Irs. Lynam died in 181)2; both were faithful
church members, and were buried in the Epis-
copal churchyard.

Robert F. Lynam was educated in the pub-
lic schools of Newport. Until he was twen-
ty-five years of age he resided with his parents.
In 1857 he leased the Flinn farm and
in 18G0 purchased the farm of more than 100
acres near Newport Avluch he now occupies.
He has been a very successful fanner and an-
nually raises large crops of grain; he is also
an extensive breeder of live stock. Mr. Ly-
nam is a man of the strictest integrity, and is
happy in the esteem of a large circle of
friends. He is a Democrat.

On April 8, 1858, Robert F. Lynam was
married to Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Jo-
seph and Ann (Stidham) Flinn, born in Chris-
tiana hundred. Tlieir children are: I. Ella
:\ray (:\Irs. Irvin C. Woodward), of White
Clav Creek hundred, has one child, Ethel ]\Iay ;
TI. Anna Eliza (ilrs. W. Frank Ball), of .Mill
Creek hundred; III. John R., resides on the
home farm, married Sadie Williams, has one
child, Lcla; IV. Louette, at home. Mv. Ly-
nam is a steward of the M. E. church and was
Sunday school superintendent for many years.
^Ii-s. Lynam is a lady of kindly disposition,
and both she and her daughter have many
fi'ien'ds; their home is a centre of refined social
pleasure, and of beneficent influences.

illLES S. BARRF1T, No. 207 Wood-
lawn Avenue, Wilmington, Del., son of Jo-
soph L. and Sarah (Strickland) Barrett, was
born at Hayesville, (^hestcr county, Pa., in

is(i(;.

The Barrett family has been identified with
the industrial life of Delaware for a Iniiidred
and fifty years. Andrew, Philip and Roger
Barrett came from Emiland to AmeriiM long

before the Revolutionary war and settled in
J\ent county, Del., and the Eastern Shore of
Mai-yland. Andrew erected his new home at
what is now known as BaiTott's Chapel, Kent
county, Del., engaged in farming there and
died on his plantation. He was buried at Bar-
rett's Chapel. Sanuiel Barrett, son of An-
drew Barrett, was born at Barrett's Chapel,
and was a farmer there for a number of years.
Afterward he removed to Port Deposit, ild.
Samuel Barrett married Catharine Barrett,
his first cousin. They had children: I. An-
drew; II. Elijah; III. Robinson; IV. Mary

(Mrs. Smith); V. Rachel (Mrs. James

Way); VI. Sarah (Mrs. Buckley);

^'^11. Amelia (ili-s.

Smith). Mr Bar-

rett and his wife both died and were buried in
Port Deposit, ^Md. Mr. Barrett was a mem-
ber of the ]\L E. church.

Andrew Barrett, 2, eldest son of Samuel
and Catharine (BaiTett) Barrett, was born at
Barrett's Chapel, December 0, 1787. He
was educated in the district schools, and when
a young man learned blacksmithing and
wheelwrighting at Noi-theast, Cecil county,
]\rd. He became one of the most prominent
men of his county. The homestead farm was
his, and he owned a nundier of stores. He
enlisted for the war of 1812 in the U. S.
army, and while in camp with the company,
received a license from the M. E. Conference,
of which he was a meudx-r, to preach the
gospel, and innnediately began his evangelis-
tic work. In 1S29, Mv. Barrett removed to
E]lk Neck, ]Md., and for twenty-five years con-
ducted an extensive business there as black-
smith and wheelwright. In 1854 he retired
from business, but continued to reside in Elk
Neck. !Mr. Barrett preached the gospel for
sixty-one ycai-s, traveling from place to place,
and expoimded Scripture truth with earnest-
. ness and success. His journeys were made on
horseback, and were often to distant settle-
ments where there was no regular pa.stor.
During these three-score years of jn-eaching,
he never asked or expected money for his ser-
vices. He was a good and earnest man, and
was much respected. Ifr. Ban-ett supported
the Whig party until the Civil War and after-
ward became a Democrat. Andrew Barrett
was married to Rosanna T.ort, born at Elk
Neck, Md. Thev had children: I. Joseph
L.; II. Caleb; TIL Catharine; IV. ISIarv; V.
Thomas: VI. Rosanna; VIL Louisa; VIIT.
:\filton. :\rr. Barrett died in Elk Neck, April

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STATE OF DELAWARE

635

<i, 1873; his widow died at Aberdeen, Md., iu
1878.

Josepli ]>. Barrett, eldest son of Rev. An-
drew and Kosaniia (Lort) Barrett, was born
at Nortiieast, Md., October 21, 1828. lie
received his education at lilk Neck, and was
trained by his father as a blacksmith and
wheelwright, remaining with him until 18.53,
when he removed to Hare's Corner, New
Castle county, Del. Three years later he set-
tled in Newport, New Castle county, and has
resided there for forty-two years, continuous-
ly engaged at his trade. He is popular and
respected. Until the Civil War, he was a
AVhig; since then he has identified himself
with the Democratic party, but has never
sought office. Joseph L. Barrett was married
in Jfayesville, Chester county, Pa., to Sarah,
daughter of Allies Strickland, bom iu Bucks
county, Pa. Their children are: I. Caleb,
deceased; II. James, died young; III. Allies
S. ; IV. Joseph Ilussell, of Ohio; Y. Sarah,
died in infancy; VI. Willard, deceased; VII.
Pobert Delaware, of Newport, Del.; VIII.
Ella; IX. Alinnie, deceased; X. Frank, resides
with his brother, Allies S. Barrett.

Allies S. Barrett attended the public schools
of Newport, Del., and when seventeen years
old entered his father's blacksmith and wheel-
wriglit shop to learn the trade. lie reniaine<l
there four years, and then secured eui])loy-
nient as a journeyman in the Alarshall Iron
and Polling Alills and in Ne\vport. Four
years later he went to Philadelphia, and
worked as a blacksmith in the Pullman car
shops for five years. In 1890 he came to Del-
aware, and erected a shop at Elsmere,
fitting it up with every appliance for carriage
building and general blacksmithing work.
During the past two years he has carrietl on
a ])rofitable business there and employs several
men. Air. Barrett resides in a pleasant home
which he has built in AVilming"ton. lie is a
skilled mechanic, industrious, a genial and
]iopular man. He is a member of the Dela-
ware Lodge, A. O. U. W., of AVilming-fon.
In politics ho is a Democrat.

Allies S. BaiTott was married, in Smynui,
Del., to Anna AI. White, born near Alilling-
ton, Del., daughter of James AVhite, who died
during the Civil AVar. Their children are: I.
Fdna; II. Emmett; TIT. Peuben.

cob and Hannah (Nettlewood) Chand-
ler, was born at Mount Cuba, AIIU
Creek hundred, March 30, ISGtJ. He is
a brother of X. S. Chandler, of llockessin,
Del. Having received his education in the
public schools of Alount Cuba, and the
Friends' school at Wilmington, of which Isaac
'r. Johnson was principal. Air. Chandler was
enqJoyed for some tune in a flour and feed
store, and afterwards in a grocery store, at
Hockessin. At the age of eighteen years, he
began to leani wheelwrighting with his
brother, George Chandler, at Alt. Chanin,
Christiana hundred; in 1888 he began busi-
ness for himself at New London, Chester
county. Pa., where he followed his trade for
one year. Then, in 1889, Air. Chandler es-
tablished himself in business in Centreville,
and turned his attention to the manufacture
of wagons and carriages. He invested six or
seven thousand dollars in a dwelling-house
and carriage factory, the erection of which he
superintended; with the aid of six employees,
he at once entered upon a prosperous course
of business, in which his diligent and thorough
wovkmanshij), his good judgment and busi-
ness tact have been fully rewarded. Air.
Chandler is a member of Centreville Lodge,
N'o. 37, I. O. O. F., is a past grand, and a
u;ciiil>er also of the Grand Lodge of Dela-
Avare; he is treasurer of Washington Con-
clave, No. 110, I. O. H. Air. Chandler is a
stanch Pepublican, but does not aspire to pub-
lic office. lie is a good citizen, has many
friends, and is highly respected.

I'rank D. Chandler was married at Alount
Cuba, to Lillea, daughter of Abraham and
Ilnnnah (Larkin) Palmer; her father is a
fanner of Christiana hundred; she was bora
at Alount Cuba. The children of Air. and
Airs. Cluiudler are: I. Elmer Thomas; II.
Paul William. The family are members of
the Pre-sbyterian church, in which Air. Chand-
ler has performed the duties of trustee and of
teacher iu the Simday school.

FRANIv D. CTL\NDLEP, Centreville,
New Castle countv, Del., son of Ja-

BENAPD DALTON, P. 0. Centreville,
N"ew Castle county, Del., .son of Thomas and
Anna Elizabeth (Griffith) Dalton, was born in
Centreville, September 17, 18,55.

The Dalton family in Delaware is descended
from Allies Dalton, who sailed across the At-
lantic Ocean from England with his bonny
bride before the Pcvolutionarv war. Allies
DjItou was the vounirest son of a noble fam-

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63G

BIOORAPniCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

i'.j ol' England. He was one of four brothers
born in Yorkshire. Tlie eldest, Lord Daltoii,
succeeded to the family title and estates, and
died on his land in Yorkshire. The other
three came to America. One established his
home in New Jersey, another in Virginia, and
lilies in Cecil county, J\ld. Tiierc was ro-
H'ance connected with the journey of .Miles
Didton to this country. lie had grown to
manhood in England and loved and was loved
by a iliss Benai'd, a young lady of high birtli
and rank. Their proposed marriage was ob-
jectionable to the Benard family, for Miles
was only the youngest son, and there was no
chiince that he could confer. a title upon his
bride. But love always laughs at obstructions,
they say, and Miles I)alton and iliss Benard
treated lightly the threats held over their
heads, 'i'hey were married, and to escape the

born March 14, 1797; VI. Allen, born March
15, 17t)'J; YU. Benjamin, born in 1801, died
in ISOS; VIII. Maria (Mrs. — Hams), boru
July 20, 1SU3; IX. Elizabeth (Mrs. — Floyd),
anJ^X. Jame^, (twins), born September 2g'
1SU5. Mrs. Dalton died August 2;5, 1835.

Benard DaJton, eldest son of James and
Sarah (Crozier) Dalton, was bora on the Bran-
dy wine, March 31, 17S9. There he re-
ceived his education and learned carpentry.
Wlien yet a yoimg man, he removed to C'en-
treville, Christiana hundred, and worked at
his trade. He was a member of the F. and
A. M., and a prominent Eepubliean. Benard
Dalton married Sarah Langley. Their chil-
dren were: I. Thomas; II. Joel Crozier, mar-
ried Eebecca Ilendrickson Gould, had chil-
dren, i. Sarah E., ii. Maria A., iii. Lydia
Emma, iv. Margaretta Gould, v. Rel>ecca

anger of the family, stole away to America, Elma; III. Eutli, died in infancy IV Lydik
to make their home where titles are not sup- Ann (Mrs. William Ma.ssey) died in AVii-

posed to contribute to happiness or to success
They landed at New Castle, it is presumed,
and went westward until they reached Elk-
ton, Md. There they set up their household
gods, and there they prospered. Mr. Dalton
became an extensive landowner. During the
Revolutionaiy War, the British invaded his
home, stole the vahiable papei-s which proved
his connection with the noble Dalton family,
of Yorksliire, and then burned his residence.
It has always been a tradition that the papers
were stolen by persons in the employ of his
or his wife's relatives in England. After the
destruction of his home, Miles Dalton re-
moved to Ilockessin, New Castle county, Del.,
where he was engaged in fanning until his
death. He had three children, of whom
James was the eldest.

James Dalton, great-grandfather of Benard
Dalton, was boni in Elkton, Aid., July 17,
176C. Ten years later the family removed
to Hockessin, Del., where he learned shoemak-
ing and worked at that trade for some
years, continuing with the same employment
afterward on the Brandywine Banks. He met
his death in Jul}', 1807, by drowning in the
Brandywine Creek while swimming. Janies
Didton was mamed to Sarah Crozier, who
was born July 13, 17(19. They had children:
I. Benard, born :\Iar(di 31, 1789; II. Juhn,
born December 29, 1701; III. Joshua, born
April 17, 1793; IV. Joel, bom ilarch 14,
1795; V. Susan (Mrs. Jonathan Langley),

mington. Mr. Dalton died in 1823, at Fort
Delaware, where he was employed as a car-
penter; his widow died in 18G0, in Centre-
yille, Christiana hundred; both were buried
in the_ churchyiird at Centre meeting house,
Christiana hundred ; they were very estimable
people, and had many friends.

Thomas Dalton, eldest son of Benard and
Sarah (Langley) Dalton, was bora in Centre-
ville, attended school there, and learaed
blacksmithing with John McCullough. He
worked as a journeyman in Centreville for
several yeare, and also for a few yeai-s in the
Baldwin locomotive works in Philadelphia,
Pa. In 1845 he established himself in the
mercantile Inisiness in Centre^^lle, and con-
tinued it prosperously until 1S8S. He was
ajjpointed postmaster of Centreville in 1884,
and administered the otfice until his death,
ilr. Dalton was highly respected for his in-
tegrity and enterprise. He was a Democrat.
Thomas Dalton was married, in Chester coun-
ty. Pa., to Anna Elizabeth, daughter of Wil-
liam D. Griffith, born in Chester. Their chil-
dren were: I. Benard, 2; II. William G., de-
cen-sed; ITL Clara N.; IV. Thomas J. Mr.
Dalton died in Centreville, in 1890; his
widow died in 1895; both were buried in the
Lower Brandywine graveyard. ]\Ii-s. Dalton
was a faithful member of the IL E. church.
Benard Dalton, 2, attended the public
schools of his native place and private schools
in Wilmington. Afterward he entered his

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STATE OF DEL AW ABE

G39

father's store as a clerk, and con-
tinued in that capacity until his
father's death in 1890, when he took
charge of the business and in partner-
ship with his brother, Thomas J. Ualton, has
conducted it with marked success for the past
eight years. Ho is progi-essive and popular.
11 r. Dalton is postmaster of Centre vilie, hav-
•ing been appointed to the office in 1893. He
is past grand of Centre\nlle Ix)dge, No. 37,
I. 0. O. F., of Delaware; financier of Wash-
ington Conclave, No. 119, 1. O. H. ; a member
of Eureka Lodge, No. 23, A. F. and A. ]\[., and
St. John's Commander}', No. 1, K. T., of
Wilmington, Del. In his i)olitical views he
is a Democrat.

HON. EGBERT ]\[cClTLLOUGH, P. O.
Guyencourt, New CJastle comity, Del., son of
Joshua H. and llaiy J. (Seal) McCullough,
was bom in Christiana hundred, New Castle
county, Del., September 28, 1856.

The McC'Tdlough family is of English de-
scent. Kobert llcCullough, grandfather of
the present bearer of that name, was a
well-known citizen and farmer of Chris-
tiana hundred. He owned a tract
of 100 acres, near Centre meeting
house, which he cultivated for many years,
making many improvement.s upon it and
erecting a commodious dwelling-house. He
was a life-long supporter of the political doc-
trines of Jeffereon and Jackson. Robert Mc-
Cullough was married to Hannah Hoopes, of
Chester county. Pa. They had children: I.
Rebecca, died young; 1 L ilargaret, died
young; III. Joshua II. ^Ir. and ^li-s. ilcCul-
lough died on their farm and were interred in
the Centre meeting house burial ground.

Joshua II. llcCullough, father of Roljert
llcCullough, was born on the homestead
fanu. He attended the public schools of
(Tu-istiaiia hundred ajid the West Chester
(Pa.) Academy. Like his father, he occupied
himself in fiU-ming and stockraising, and af-
ter the death of his father, succeeded to the
homestead. He was a Democrat, and though
popular, was not an office-seeker. Joshua II.
ircCullough was marled to Waxy J., daughter
of Joseph Seal. They had chidlren; I. Rob-
ert; II. Anne (Mi-s. Henry Carpenter), de-
ceased; III. Mary (^Irs. James Carpent-er),
of Christiana hundred. IFr McCullough died
on his farm in 18S4; he was buried in the

Centre meeting house graveyard. Mrs. Mc-
Cullough, Avho is a very estimable lady, re-
sides in Wilmington.

Robert McCullough was bom on the home-
stead which he now occupies. He received
his education in the public schools of Chris-
tiaiui hundred, in private schools in Wilming-
ton, and at Swarthmore College, Delawai'e
county. Pa. He has been engaged in fanning
nearly all his life, and since the death of his
father has lived on the home farm, conducting
besides its cultivation a dairy on an extensive
scale. He is a past grand of Centreville
Lodge, No. 2G, I. O. 0. F., and a member of
the Grand Lodge of Delaware, of Amencan
Lodge, No. 26, A. O. U. W., of Wilmington,
and of the Grange. Mr. McCullough is an
able man, and in 1896 was elected to the State
Legislature, in which body he served his con-
stituents of Christiana hundred with fidelity.
As a member of several important committees,
his work was highly creditable. He is an ac-
tive Democrat.

Hon. Rolxirt McCullough married Ilariet
J., daughter of Adolphus Husbands. She was
born in Brandywine hundred. Their chil-
dren are: I. Bertha; II. Florence; III.
Lilian; VI. Mary. Mrs. McCullough died
June 9, 1895, and was buried in the Lower
Brandywine cemetery.

JOSEPH PERLEE CHANDLER, P. O.
Centre\illc, Del., son of Hon. Poulson and
Mary (ilartin) Chandler, was born Septem-
ber 14, 1849, on Oak Hall fami, in Christiana
hundred.

On the same homestead, his father, John
Poulson Chandler, was born, October 4, 1813,
his parents being Benjamin and Elizabeth
(Armstrong) Chandler. Educated in the dis-
trict schools of his native hundred, and devot-
ing his whole life as a man of business to cul-
tivating the 200 acres of the home-
stead, John P. Chandler became one of the
substantial and influential men of his com-
munity. His agricultural operations included
stock raising and dairy farming, in both of
which he was very successful. His politics
were Democratic, and he was called upon for
various public services; he served occasionally
on the Grand Jury, filled the office of school
commissioner and other similar positions, and
being elected in 1871 to the State legislature,
served with credit for one term. Hon. Poul-

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G40

BTOORAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

son Chandler was married in Mount Cuba,
]\Iill Cre«k hundred, to ^laiy, daughter of
AVilliam and Fanny (Little) ]\Iartiii; she was
a native of Cliristiana liundred. Tlieir chil-
dren are: I. Benjaaiin, married ilargaret,
daughter of James Carpenter, and died wliile
Btill a young man, leaving children, i. Lillie
J., ii. Mary M., iii. (Jeorge 1j. ; II. Frances
J.; III. Elizabeth S.; IV. iMarion; V. Joseph
Perlee; VI. Rebecca A.; VII. Lena B., de-
ceased; VIII. William M., fainner. Mrs.
John P. Chandler died February 9, 1879; her
husband survived her many ycai-s, dying Oc-
tober 5, 1896; both were buried in the ceme-
tery of the Lo^ver Brandywane Presbyterian
church, which congregation Air. Chandler had
for many years served iis an elder, ili-s. Mary
M. Chandler, though not a member of that
congregation, was deeply interested in it.

The maternal ancestore of Joseph Perlee,
fifth child of J. Ponlson and Mary ]\L Chand-
ler, were Irish. His grandfather, William il.
Martin, was born in Ireland, and after emi-
grating to this countiy, spent twenty-five
yeai-s as manager, in the employ of the
DuPont family. The remainder of his life
^^•as pasetl upon his own farm near ]\Iount
Cuba. In politics, ]\[r. ]\Iartin was a Whig.
His excellent wife, Fanny (Little) ilartin, was
a member of the Lower Brandywine Presby-
terian church; the remains of both were in-
terred in the cemetery, in which Airs. Alartin's
was the first burial. Tlicirchildren,all of whom
are deceased except the youngest two, were as
follows: I. Joseph, died in infancy; II.
David; III. Joseph; IV. Jane (Mi-s. James
Martin); V. Irene; VI. William; VII. John;
VIII. Mary (Mrs. John P. Chandler); IX.
James, ex-sheritf of Wilmington, Del.; X.
Faniiy.

Having received elementary training in the
public schools of Christiana hundred, Jo.'^e])h
P. Chandler afterwards attended the Friends'
school at Wilmington, Del., and completed
his school education at the academy at Ken-
nett Square, Pa. . He then returned to the
homestead, where lie found employment in
assisting his father in the various departments
of his agricultural business, mitil the death of
the latter; since that time he has continued
to manage the aifairs of tlie farm with success
and profit. Like liis father, he is a Democrat,
and takes an active interest in all that con-
cerns the ciiinmunitv in wliich he lives. In

1885, Mr. Chandler was appointed to fill the
vacancy left in tiie board of trustees of the
poor of his hundred by the death of Mr. A.
HiLsband, and in 1895, on the expiration of
Air. HiLsband's term, was elected for another
term. Air. CluuuUer is a meudjer of DuPont
Lodge, Xo. 29, A. F. and A. AL; a past grand
of Centreville Lodge, I. O. 0. F. ; and mem-
ber of Washington Conchive, I. 0. II.

Joseph Perlee Chandler was maried, March
13, 1878, to Lueretia AL, daughter of Amos
and Elizabeth (Smith) Ely, bom in Bucks
county. Pa. They have one child, John Ponl-
son, who is attending school. Air. Chandler is
a member of the Brandywine Presliyterian
church, and serves the Lower Brandywine
congregation as trustee.

His brother, AVilliam AL Chandler, young-
est of the family of J. Poulson and Alary
(Alart.in) Chandler, was born June 9, 1859,
and was educated in tiie public schools and at
the Business College of Bryant & Stratton, in
Philadelphia. He was for several yeai-s en-
gaged in fanning in Chester county. Pa., and
is now in the same occupation in Christiana
hundred. He supports the Democratic party,
and is a past grand of the I. 0. O. F. Wil-
liam AL Chandler married llattie L. Goodley,
of Delaware coxinty, Pa; the> have one child,
Joseph H. Air. Chandler is not a member of
any church, but inclines to the Presbyterian
denomination.

SAMITEL GREGG, P. O. Centreville,
New Ciistle county, Del., son of Peter W.
and Alary A. (Shields) Gregg, was born in
Christiana hundred. New Castle county, Del.,
April 8, 1842.

The Gregg family is connected ^\dth the
earliest history of Delaware, and was the first
to settle in Christiana hundred. In the days
of William Penn, there came to the state from
Scotland a Friend named William Gregg. He
was a man of infl>ience in his old home and
his family was of royal lineage, tracing iti
descent from the Scottish king's. In Samuel
Gregg's possesion is the coat-(jf-arms worn by
his ancestors. Its motto is "Srioijlml mo
Dhream Een Do" — "Spare »io/." William
(iregg took up a tract of land, and afterwards
sent his son John to take possession of it. John
Gregg became an extensive landowner and an
influential citizen. He owned tiiree square
miles of feritle territory along the Brandywine

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I- -I '.• ' I

STATE OF DELAWARE

G41

Creek at Tiock Spring, and cultivated them
profitably. lie had children: I. AVillinni; II.
Tlionias; III. Joseph; IV. Saiiiiiel; Y. Ilau-
nali; YI. Ivebecea; YII. .Vmy.

Samuel (ireg^', fourth sou of John Greg'g,
was the great-great-grandfather of Samuel
Gregg, 3. He was born at IJock Spring, Chris-
tiana hundred, and was a well-known planter.
He was married, February 27, 1737, at Ken-
nett meeting house, to Ann Robinson. They
had one child, Samuel, 2.

Samuel Gregg, 2, was born in Christiana
hundred, and spent his life in the cultiva-
tion of part of the land that had belonged to
his gi-andfather. On jSTovembcr 2Jr, 1773', at
Kennett meeting house, Samuel Gregg was
married to ninali, daughter of Thomas
Chan<ller, born October 30, 1754. Their chil-
dren are: I. Samuel, 3; II. Jesse; III.
Thomas; lY. ]\Iary. Samuel Gregg, 2, died
January 1, 1830; his \\'idow died Xovember
3, 1830; both are buried at Centre meeting
house.

Samuel Gregg, 3, eldest son of Samuel, 2,
and grandfather of Samuel Gregg, 5, was born
in Christiana Inmdred, December 12, 1781.
He devoted himself to farming. He married,
October 20, 1808, on the Brandywine, Ann
C. Walraven, of Swedish descent. They had
children: I. Peter W.; II. Anna C. (Mrs.
E. Sinnnons); III. Samuel, 4. ]\Irs. Ann C.
Gregg died in 1816, and ]\Ir. Gregg maraed
Sarah, daughter of Stephen and ]\Iary Sutton.
They had one child, ilary S. (ilrs. Charles
Le Carpentier). ^Ii-s. Sarah Gregg died in
1839; her husband survived her forty years,
dying in 1879. !Mr. Gregg and his family
were members of the first Presbyterian church
of Wilmington.

Peter W. Gregg, eldest son of Sanmel
Gregg, 3, was born in (Jhristiana luuulred,
August 9, 1809. Like his ancestors, he was
for many yeai-s engaged in farming. Late in
life he retired from the active management of
his farm, and took up his residence in Wil-
mington. He was originally a Whig, and af-
terwards a Republican. On Febrtniry 24,
1841, in Delaware county. Pa., Peter W.
Gregg was married to Mary A. Shields, born
in Delaware county. Pa., March ,29, 1S21.
Their children are: I. Sanmel, .5; TI. Lydia
E., born July 21, 1845, married, December
12, 1805, Ehvood Bartram, now decca.-^cd;
III. Anna C. (Mi-s. Frederick DariingtonV,

born ]\Iareli 18, 1852. Mr. Gregg died in Wil-
mington, February 10, 1887; his widow died
!March S, 1894; both were buried in the ceme-
tery of the Lower Brandywine Presl)yterian
church, of which iMr. (iregg was for forty
years an elder.

Samuel (iregg, 5, was educated in the pub-
lic schools of Christiana hundred, at Clarkson
Taylor's Friends' school in Wilmington, and
at the !Media Institute. He has been engaged
in agricultural pursuits since his boyhood.
Until 1887 he cultivated the homestead at
J\Iontchanin, Christiana hundred, and in that
year remoA'cd to the farm of the late Dr. Jo-
seph Chandler, at Centreville. In 18G2 Sam-
uel Gregg enlisted in Company B, Fifth Pegi-
ment, Delaware Yolunteer Infantry, captain
I.amotti DuPont and Colonel ]\IcComb, and
served the Union nine months as a soldier.
]\Ir. Gregg is a worthy citizen and stands well
in the regard of his ncighboi-s. He is genial,
unassuming and popular. He has been a
school connnissioner and clerk of the board
for twenty years. In his {xditical views he is
a Republican.

On October 23, 1867, Samuel Gregg was
married to ilaragert A., daughter of the lato
Dr. Joseph Chandler, of Centreville. Their
children are: I. Elsie (Mrs. Heniy M.
Eves); II. W^illiard S., married Emma Jlar-
tin; III. Elizabetli Chandler; IV. Irwin W.,
man-ied Lena Cloud; V. Joseph Chandler;
YI. Helen II. Mr. Gregg and his family are
meudjcrs of the Lower Brandywine Presby-
terian cimrch.

TIIOilAS J. LAWLESS, P. 0. Henry
Clay, Xew Castle county, Del., son of Thomas
ami Bridget (Xolan) Lawless, was bom in
Brandywine hundred, New Castle county,
Del., April 7, 1860.

Thomas Lawless was a native of County
We.xford, Ireland, and followed fanning there
until 1858, when he came to America atid
settled on the DuPont banks. For twehe
years he was em]doyed by the DuPont family
as a gardener. In 1 780 he removed to Chris-
liaiua huiulred, and established himself in the
hotel business as landlord of the ilomit Plea.'^-
ant Hotel. For fifteen years he conducted
his hostelry very successfully. He was a
good landlord, polite and accommodating,
and enjoyed a large jiatronage, irrespective of
class. In politics he was a Democrat. Thomas

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642

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Lawless manned, in Ireland, Bridget Nolan,
a native of County Wexford. They had chil-
dren: I. Ann (Mrs. Jeffrey Harney), of
Brandywine hundred; II. Mary (Mrs. John
Bonn), of Brandywine hundred; III. Mnv-
garet (Mrs. Timothy (^uill), widow; IV. Kath-
erine, at home; V. Thomas J.; all except
Thomas J. were born in Ireland, ilr. Law-
less died in 1885; his widow died at Mount
Pleasant Hotel iu 1892; both were devout
membei-s of St. Joseph's Ji. C. church on the
Brandywine, and were buried iu the church-
yard connected with it.

Thomas J. Lawless attended St. Joseph's
R. C. school, and at an early age became an
assistant to his father in the management of
tlie ]\Iount Pleasant Hotel. After the death
of his father he assumed control of the
hotel, and has conducted it for the
past thirteen years, as proprietor. Mr.
Lawless has been noted for his affability,
his diligent regard for the welfare of his guests
and his strict maintenance of order about his
premises. During his long connection with
the hotel, no remonstrance has ever been made
against it. As a citizen, Mr. Lawless is popu-
lar and progressive. He is a member of Di-
vision 2, A. O. II. of Brandywine. In politics
he is an ardent Democrat, and has represented
his district in state conventions.
• Thomas J. Lawless was maiiied in Charles-
ton, Del., to Susanna A., daughter of John
Carney; she was bom in Christiana hundred.
Their children are: I. Ivatherine; II.
Thomas; III. Daniel, deceased; IV. John;
V. ^Y. J., bora Novemlier 1, 1898. Mr. Law-
less and family are niembei's of St. Joseph's
R. C. church on the Brandywine.

ABPvAM PALMER, P. 0. Mount Cuba,
New Castle county, Del., son of Martha and
Elizabeth (Clo\id) Palmer, was borii in Bran-
dywine hundred, New Castle county, Del.,
Febniary 11, 183«.

More tliau two centuries ago, John Palmer,
an Englishman and a (^laker, came to Amer-
ica and established the family through which
Abram Palmer traci-s his ancestry. John
Palmer settled, in about 1G80, in that portion
of old Chester county which is now known as
Delaware county, Pa., and with other mem-
bers of his Society formed a community at
Concord. He was a fanner, and became an
extensive owner of land. John Palmer mar-

ried Miuj, daughter of Robert Suddry or
Southrey. They had children: I. John, 2;
IL Catharine; III. Alice; IV. Margaret; V.
Ann; VI. Mary. Mr. Palmer died in July,
1742, and was buried near his home; his
widow died about 1744.

John I'almer, 2, was born in 1690 and spent
his life in tilling the soil in Delaware county,
Pa.

Abram Palmer, gxandfather of Abram Pal-
mer, was bom in Delaware county, Pa., in
1771, and lived there and in Chester county
until 1S15; from that date imtil 1827, he re-
sided in Maryland; he then went to Richland
coimty, 0., where he resided until his death
in 1852. His son, Martin Palmer, was born
in the same county and resided there until he
attained manhood, when he came to New Cas-
tle county, Del., and settled in Brandywine
hundred. There he engaged in farming and
milling. He was an energetic man, and gave
promise of great usefulness, but was suddenly
stricken down with illness and died in 1840
aged thirty-five years. ]\Iartin Palmer was
married to Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph
Cloud. They had children: I. Ann (:Mrs. iloses
Palmer; II. Joseph; III. Abram; IV. Martin,
2, deceased. ]\Ii-s. Palmer died in 1842, soon
after the death of her husband. Both were
members of the Society of Friends, and were
interred in the Friends' burial ground at Cou-
coi-d, Delaware county, Pa.

Abram Palmer, 2, was but four years old
when he lost his parents; he was reared in the
family of his uncle, Harlan Cloud, of Chris-
tiana hundred, receiving a good education in
the public schools of the hundred and the
boarding school at Fairville, Chester county,
Pa. He remained with his uncle until he
reached his twenty-fii-st birthday, when he
went to occupy the farm in Brandy^vine hun-
dred that belonged to the estate of his father.
This tract of land he cultivated until lbt;4,
when he removed to Christiana hundred, and
purchased the ]\Iaris II. Fredd farm of 97
acres, on which he has resided for the past
thirty-three 3'cars, harvesting rich crops and
making many improvements. ilr. Palmer
is much interested in ediicational mattei-s, and
has contriliuteil to the elevation of the schools
of his district. He has a very creditable rec-
ord as a public official. In 1885 he was elected
a member of the Delaware legislature on the
Democratic ticket, and served one term in

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STATE OF DELAWARE

G43

that body. He was appointed cliainiian of
tlie agricultural committee and did valuable
work on the Vacant Land and other
inijjortant committees. .Mr. Palmer was
al<o elected road eonimis^iioner I'ur Chris-
tiana liundi-ed, and school commis-
sioner; in the latter capacity he acted
as cl^rk of the board. In 1S9G, he was a can-
didate on the Democratic ticket for Levy
Court commissioner from the firet district of
New Castle county, but was defeated. ISlr.
Palmer is a member of Centreville Lodge, Xo.
27, I. 0. O. F., and of the Grange; in the lat-
ter organization he has held all the otTices.
Mr. Palmer is a stanch Democrat, and an \\n-
tiring worker for his party's success.

Abram Palmer married, in Prandywine
hundred, Hannah J., daughter of Joseph
Larkin, born in Bethel, Delaware county, Pa.
Their children are: I. Josejjh ]M., died at
the age of six yeai-s; II. Alice (Mrs. Frank J.
G. Ilobson), resides with her father; III.
Lilian (Mrs. Frank D. Chandler), of Cen-
treville; IV. Josephine (Mrs. Charles G.
Ilause), deceased. Mr. Palmer's family at-
tends the Presbyterian church.

LEWIS W. JOEDAN", P. O. Guyen-
court, New Castle county, Del., son of Eph-
raim and Elizabeth il. (Reid) Jordan, was
born at Pockville, Cecil county, Md., August
19, 1859.

Tlie Jordan family is of English origin, and
has long occupied an honored position among
the people of the Eastern Shore of IMaryland.
John Jordan, grandfather of Lewis W. Jor-
dan, was a well-known farmer and landownier
of Cecil county. He was a Federalist and af-
terwards a Whig, and a member of the ]\I. E.
church. He died in Cecil county and was
buried in St. John's M. E. graveyard.

Ephraim Jordan, son of John Jordan, and
father of Lewis W. Jordan, was born and edu-
cated in Cecil county, INld. He learned the
art of paper-making, and soon after erected,
at Pockville, !Md., tiie paper-mill which he
conducted profitably for about twenty-five
yeai-s. Then he sold the mill, and estab-
lished himself in the paper bag business in
Wilmington. During the Civil War two of
his sons, John and Ephraim, enlisted in the
Union anny. The latter having been killed,
as hereinafter related, at Chancellorsville,
his father went to the field of cai-nage, ob-

tained the body of the dead soldier and bore
it to his home, where it was interred with mili-
tary honors. Then, determined that his
counti-y should not be robbed of a defender
by the death of liis boy, ho retunied to the
front and entered Company H, Ninth ^Lary-
land Infantry to sen-e out tlie term for which
the younger man had enlisted. He was never
afterwards heard from, and it is believed was
killed while fighting heroically in the ranks.
He was aged about fifty-four years when his
death occurred. Mr. Jordan was a good busi-
ness man, a patriotic and honored citizen. He
was a consistent member of the M. E. church,
and had been for many years one of its local
])reachei-s. In his political Adews he had been
a Whig until the fonnation of the Pepubli-
can party, when he joined that organization.
Ephraim Jordan was married, in Cecil county,
Md., to Elizabeth II. Jle'ul, bom in Cecil
county, a woman of culture and Christian re-
finement. They had children : I. Mary (Mrs.
Andrew Jackson); 11 John P., deceased, lost
both arms in battle during the Civil War;
111. Joseph P., was for a number of yeai-s
enfi-aged in the grocery business at Cherry
Hill, ild.; IV. AVilliam, has been during all
his Imsiness life a paper maker; V. Jame ;
Miller, deceased; VI. Ephraim M., was a
lie\itenant of Company C, Second Delaware
A^jlunteer Infantry, and was in all the bat-
tles of the peninsular campaign; at the battle
of Antietam, in the absence of his captain,
Lieut. Jordan wa.s in command of his com-
]iany, and bravely led them forward, his voice
being heard above the din of battle, cheering
on his men; he fell, a sacrifice for his coun-
ary, at the battle of Chancellorsville, May 3,
ISG;;, aged nineteen years, nine months and
twenty days; VII. Irvin M.; VIII. Eliza-
beth G. (Mrs. ]\rarshall C. Peirce); IX. Vic-
tor L., has been for yeai-s in the fruit busi-
ness in Coatesville, Pa.; X. Peba II.; XL
Etta M., deceased; XIT. Lewis W. Air.
Jordan die<l in Coatesville, Chester county,
Pa., and was buried in St. John's M. E. grave-
yard in Lewisville, Cecil county, Aid. She
was a member of the M. E. church, a kind and
charitable lady, and a devoted wife and
mother. Heavy demands were made upon her
l)atriotism, and she gave a hu.'^band and two
sons to the cause of the Union, endiu-ing lier
bereavement bravely.

Lewis AV. Jonlan was four veai-s old when

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611

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

lie lost his father, and he was reared to a
Christian life by his mother. For a short
time he attended the public schouls at luxk-
land, Del., but while yet a youth began the
building of his own furtune. Ilis tii-st em-
jiloyment was as a tinsmith in Jujckhuid.
Afler spending a few years in that oeeuputiuu,
ho ent-ered the Jessup A: Moore paper mills
'in the same place and rennunded several years
as a machine tender, lie was very industrious
and his energy won for him the respect of his
employers. From lioekland he went to Phila-
delphia, Pa., and for a short time was cm-
ployed as a solicitor for snl)scription books.
Then he secured a position as a conductor of
cable cars in that city; and was thus engaged
when he was appointed, in Februai'y, IS'JU
agent for the Wilmington and Xorthern rail-
road at Guyencourt, New Castle cotmty, Del.
lie was also a))pointed agent at this place for
the United States E.xpress company, and post-
master by the Harrison administration. All
of these responsible offices he still holds, and
has discharged the duties of each with entire
acceptability. Mr. Jordan is also a conunis-
sion merchant and a buj'er for the DuPont
company. He is essentially a self-educated
and a self-made man and has the confidence
and esteem of all who are brought into con-
tact with him. Mr. Jordan is a member of
Lafayette Lodge, No. 2, K. of P., of Wil-
mington; of St. Alban's Castle, Xo. ICl, K.
G. E., of Philadelidiia; and of Washington
Conclave, No. 19, I. O. II., of Centreville,
Del. He is a consistent supporter of the Pe-
publican party but is not an office-seeker.

Lewis \\ . Jordan, nianied, in Wilmington,
Sarah, daughter of William Henry Seward,
born in Wilmington. Their children are: I.
Gertrude Peed; IT. Elsie Hortense. ilr.
Jordan is a member and steward of the ]\It.
Salem ^I. E. clun-ch.

CONSTANT GPANDHOMME, P. O.

Greenville, New Castle county, Del., son of
Jean Baptiste and ilary (Conrean) (!raud-
homine, was born in .\lsaee, France, now ( ier-
many, June 23, 184-1.

He was one of tho five children of a jh'os-
perous farmer of Alsace. When he was (jnly
six years old, his father died and the jiatcriial
estate p;issed into other hands. The necos^ity
of earning his own livelihood was forced ujion
the bov, and at the age of seven years he was

hired out to a farmer of the vicinity. Seven
years later ho removed to another part of the
jjrovince, but continued to be a farm laborer.
During these years, he had obtained as much
eduealion as was possibh' to an orphan boy
compeUed to make his own way among
strangers. AVlien he was eighteen years ohl,
he realized the ambition of most Frenchmen,
and became a resident of Paris. For a while
he was emploj'cd in various occupations, but
finally learned cabinet-making, and worked
for a short time at that trade. He accumu-
lated a small sum of money and went to Fon-
tenoy-Tresigny, Deparment of the Seine and
]\Iarne, where he established himself as a
cheese-maker. His capital was not sufficient
to meet the demands of his enterprise, and he
was compelled to abandon his factory. Mr.
Grandhomme was drafted into the French
army when he was twenty-one years old, to
render the seven years of militai-y service re-
quired by the French law. In 1SC7, he was
one of the army which fought against (Jari-
baldi, at Pome. Being exonerated from ser-
vice in ISGDj he was again in the French army
in 1870, having volunteered to serve in the
great straggle with Pnissia, he was appointed
sergeant of his company and fought bravely
throughout the war, which was ended by the
treaty of Frankfort, May 10, 1871, on terms
very disadvantageous to the French people.
Alsace became a province of Prussia, but Ser-
geant Grandhonnne would not accept citizen-
, ship at the hands of Emperor William and
Bismarck. He remained in France until
1878, when he sailed from Havre with a few
sous and his passage ticket in his pocket. He
landed in Philadelphia, but in the same year
came to Delaware and secured emidoyment
f ram E. D. Le Carpentier, of Pockland, and at
the jtapcr mills at Iiockland for a short time.
He exchanged his occupation in the paper
mills for a position as gardener for Lamotto
DnPont, and soon afterwards leased a snuiU
tract of land in Christiana hnndred, \i|)on
which he engaged in market-gardening. In
188(i he removed to his present farm of tiO
acres, obtaining a lease of the proix^rty for
four years; in 1800, by thrift and diligence,
he was enabled to ]nirchase it. ^Ir. Grand-
homme has improved the farm extensively;
he cultivates grain, raises live stock and manu-
factures cheese. He was the first resident of
Christiana hundred to nndrc'take the last-

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STATE OF Dl'LAWANE

G45

nametl industry, and has made it profitable.
His elieeses were awarded fii-st i)remiiuu at
the Peninsular Agricultural and PouKjlogi-
cal a.ssoeiation's fair in IS'JO, and find ready
sale in AViluiing-tou and riiiladeliiliia. .Mi-.
(Irandhouinie is a practical farnuT, an ener-
getic man and a good iieighbur. He is liberal
in his political views.

Constant J. Grandhomme was mamed, in
1871, in IJambervillei-s, Department of the
Vosges, France, to Celestina Avar, born in
Kambervillei-s. They had children: I.
Joseph, of "Wilmington; II. Augiist, of Wil-
mington; III. Henry, at home; the fii-st
two were born in France, the last-mentioned
in Christiana hundrc"!. ili-s. Celestina
Grandhonnne died in lSa4, and was buried in
St. Joseph's R. C. graveyard on the Brandy-
wine. Mr. Grandhomme married, in 1587,
Ennna, daughter of Ferdinand and Joanna
(Si>echt) Schneider, boin in Hanover, Ger-
many; her parents are now residents of New
York City. The children by this marriage
are: I. Louise; II. Charlotte; III. Robert,
died yoimg; IV. Hugh, died young. In his
religious belief, Mr. Gnuidhomme is liberal.

HORACE L. DILWORTH, B. S., P. O.

Centreville, New Castle county, Del., son of
AVillimn Levis and Lydia (Gloud) Dilworth,
was born in Centreville.

Among those who came to America under
the peaceable proprietor, William I'enn, was
James Dilworth, a pi-ominent minister
amongst Friends, who was born in Thorn-
bury, Yorkshire, England, and as a young
njau was engage-d in farming there. He mar-
ried Ann Wain, and with his wife, sailed from
England more than two centuries ago, and es-
tablished a homt; in Bucks county. Pa. There
he cultivated the soil, died and was buried.

AVilliam Dilw(jrth, son of the original set-
tler, was born in Bucks county, but removed
while yet a young man to Birmingham to\v^l-
ship, Chester county, Pa. He spent his life
aa a farmer. William Dilworth manied
Sarah Webb, of Chester county. Their chil-
dren were: I. Richard; II. Jane; III. Han-
nah; IV. Jennette; V. Rebecca; VI. James.
]Mr. Dilworth died on his farm. He was of the
Society of Friends.

James Dilworth, second son of William
Dilworth, and great-great-grandfather of
Hiirace L. Dilworth, was born in C'lu'-tcr

cnunty. He Imilt the first log hut in Dilworth-
tiiwn, Chester county, and in 1750
erected a tavern there. James Dil-
wcirtli was married, in 17ri4, to Ly-
dia .Martin. Their children were: I.Charles,
a jirnmiiient citizen and an intimate friend of
A\'ashington. He was dismissed from the So-
ciety of Fiiends because of his active partici-
pation in the Revolutionaiy war; 11. Joseph;

III. Sarali; IV. Caleb; V. William; VI.
James; VH. .Mary; VIII. Geoi-ge; IX.
Lydia; X. Hannah; XL Letitia. James Dil-
worth, Sr., died in 17Ct».

James Dilworth, great-grandfather of Hor-
ace L. Dilworth, was born in 1750. He de-
voted himself exclusively to fanning and
owned a farm in Delaware county. Pa. He
married Mary Burnworth. Their children
were: I. James, 3; II. Joseph; III. Thomas;

IV. Ziba; V. Hannah; VI. Faith; VIL
Rachel; VIII. Ann. .Mr. Dilwurth died and
was buried in Birmingham townshij), Chester
county.

Ziba Dilworth was bora in Birmingham,
township in ISOl. He was engaged in farm-
ing there for a number of years, and then re-
moved to Xew (.^astle county, Del. For a
short period he resided in Wilmington, but af-
terwards went to Centreville, and turned his
attention to fanning. Ziba Dilworth manied
Di-borali B. Levis, born in Birmiugliaui
townshij), Chester coimty. Pa., daughter of
William Levis, a hatter and afterwai'ds a stock
dealer. They had children: I. James, 1; II.
William L.;' III. Rebecca; IV. John; V.
^lary; VI. Charles II., Des Moines, Iowa;
VIL Elizabeth; VIL Emma; IX. Thomas;
X. B. Frankhn; XL Harvey, deceased; XII.
Anna; XIII. Edwin T.; XIV. Frederica, de-
ceased. Ziba Dilworth died in Centreville,
and was buried at Birmingham. ili-s. Dil-
worth died in 1893 in Wilmington.

William Levis Dilwurth, father of Horace
L. Dilworth, was born in Delaware county.
Pa. He attended the public schools of Bir-
mingham townshii) during his minority, llo
then went to the west, and after spemling five
years as a mercliant in Illiniii>, was for a sjjort
period a resident of MiMnr--iita, from whii'li
btate he returned to Delaware C(;unty, Pa.,
and resumed farming. In 1S5S he re-
UHived, with' other niend)ers of the fam-
ily, to Xew Castle c(ninty, Delaware,
and with his l)rother, James Dilworth,

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646

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

began the cultivation of the Philips farm of
2UU acres. In 18Gy he purchased the iV'la-
plaine farm of 16^ acres, near Centreville
and fur the past thii-ty-iive yeai-s haa made tliat
liis home. Bcbides raising general produce, he
rears hue live stock. Mv. Dilwortli wm origin-
ally a Democrat, but since ISOO has voted the
Republican ticket, ^\'il!iam Jx'vis Dilwortli
,nuirried I>ydia, daughter of AVilliam il.
Cloud, born in Chester ounty, Pa. Their chil-
dren were: I. Horace L. ; II. Frederick, wliile
a student at Swarthniore College, drowned by
accident at the age <jf twenty-one yeai-s; III.
Deborah, at home; IV. Elizabetli C, a school-
teacher; Y. ^lartha W., at home. "William
L. Dilwortli and family are members of tlie
Society of Friends.

Horace L. Dilwortli attended the public
schools of Centreville in his boyhood, and af-
terwards martriculated at Swarthmore Col-
lege, from which institution he was graduate<l
■with the degi-ee of B. S. in 1884. Afterward
he studied at Cornell and Harvard Univei'si-
tic«, taking si)ecial courses in science. In
3 880 lie became one of the Faculty of the
Friends' School at Milhille, Pa., and tlie next
} eai' was eleetcd to the scientific department
of the Friends' Academy at Locust Valley,
Long Island. For the paiit four years. Prof.
Dilwortli has occupied the chair of Physics in
the Friends' Central School in Philadelphia.
He is well-equipped for his duties in the class-
room, and is besides a capable civil engineer.
Prof. Dilwortli is very active in the Society of
Friends. He is clerk of the Western First
Day L^nion. He is also much interested in
general educational work, and gives much
time and thought to philanthropic endeavor,
is a member of the Pennsylvania Historical
Society, and of the Franklin Institute, of
Philadelphia. He is a Republican. His resi-
dence is in Centreville, New Castle county,
Del.

ROBERT PATTERSON GREENLE.VF,
!M. D., AVilmington, Delaware, son of ilartin
and ifargaret (Patterson) Greenleaf, was born
near dap, Lancaster countv, Peniia., r)ecem-
berl4, 1S30.

^lartin (ireenleai, father of R. P. Green-
leaf was born in Salisbury townshi]), Lancas-
ter county, Penna., June 1, 1805, son of
Jacob and Frances (Bruner) Greenleaf.

R. P. Greenleaf matriculated in the ^Medi-
cal De])artment of Pcnnsylvauia ^Medical Col-

lege, in Philadelphia, and finishes! his course
there, graduating on ilarcli 3, 1855. He
then settled, April 1, 1855, at Hickory Hill,
Chester county, Pennsylvania. On April 1,
18G5, lie disposed of his property there, and
in October following removed to Wilming-ton,
Delaware, (DuPonts,) and lias resided here
for the last thirty-three years.

WILLIAM ARMSTRONG, Jr., P. O.

Centreville, New Castle county, Del., son of
AVilliam and Jane (Little) Armstrong, was
born in Christiana hundred, New Castle coun-
ty, Del., August 1, 1819.

Mr. Armstrong belongs to one of the oldest
families of Delaware. Archibald Armstrong,
the tirst of the name to settle here, was bi^rn
in the parish of Dulliagi'a, County Fermanagh,
Ulster, Ireland, and was of Scotch-Irish par-
entage. In the latter jiart of the seventeenth
century, he crossed the Atlantic ocean and es-
tablished liis home in Christiana hundred,
New Castle county, Del. He became an ex-
tensive landowner and a citizen of more than
ordinary prominence. He died on his farm
near Centreville, which has always remained
in the possession of his descendants, and was
buried in the graveyard of the Brand^"wine
Presbyterian church. He was a member of
the Presbyterian church.

Jolin Armstrong, son of Archibald Arm-
strong, and grandfather of William Ann-
strong, 2, was a life-long occupant of the
homestead and a man of weiglit in his com-
munity. He married ilary, daughter of Char-
les Springer, who was of Swedish descent.
Their children are: I. Archibald; II. William;
HI. Nathan; IV. John, 2. Mr. Armsti-ong
died on his fann, and was buried in the Lower
Brandywine Presbyterian churchyard, as were
all the members of his family. He was an
active member of the Lower Brandy\rine
church.

William Armstrong, father of William
Armstrong, 2, was born on the home farm,
and remained there until his death. He
owned 200 acres of land, which he cultivate<l
very jirotitably. Mr. Annstmng had a char
recollection of the battle of the Brandy\riiic.
On the day of the fight, September 11, 1777,
he was in Chadd's Ford on business, and was
compelled to remain tliere until the end of the
combat which entailed so heavy a h>6S ujion
General Washinglon's anny, and in which the
]\rarq\iis de Layfayette was wounded, and

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STATE OF DELAWARE

G-17

•Count Pulaski first participated as an ally of
tlie Americans. In liis political views, Mv.
Arnistron}>- was a Federalist. William Arni-
slroiig was married to Jane, daughter of Sam-
uel Little, a well-known farmer of .Mill Creek
hundred. They had children: I. John, farmer,
deceased; II. Samuel, an influential farmer of
Christiana hundred, marrietl luichul Kirk, had
two-children, i. Anna K. (Mrs. J. ^1. Way),
had live children, Samuel, Jacob, ilinnie,
Nellie, and Florence, and ii. ^^'^lla, who died
young; after the death of ]\[i''.i;;J^achel Arm-
sti'ong, Samuel married Rebecca Harlem, of
Chester county. Pa. ; he died ^lay 5, 1805, and
was buried in the Wilmington and Brandy-
Avine cemetery, he was a Presbyterian, a Wiiig
and later a Pejniblican; III. Amanda (Mre.
K. D. Ilcndrickson), deceased; IV. George
Dufiield, M. D., now eighty-three years old, a
retired physician of New London, Chester
county, Pa.; V. Margaret, died in youth; VI.
William; VII. Ai-chibald, died in youth.
j\lr. Armstrong died on his fann in 1852, and
■was buried in the Ped Clay Creek Presbyte-
rian ciuirchyard. Mr. Armstrong had been
an elder in the church at Ped Clay Creek for
many years; ilre. Armstrong was, also, a
member of that church.

William Armstrong, 2, was boni on the
land which Archibald Armstrong had settled
more than a century before. He was edu-
cated in the Ebenezer subscription school in
Christiana hundred. When he was sixteen
years old his father died. He remained on the
homestead until he attained his majority, and
then the farm was diviiled between himself
and his brother Samuel. To his share fell 90
acres on which he expended much labor and
made extensive improvements. He continued
to reside on Ids farm and superintended its
cultivation until he retired from active life.
He is one of the oldest and most honored citi-
zens of the hundred. His industry and recti-
tude have obtained for him the esteem of his
fellow-citizens, and his kindly, cheerful dis-
position has won their affection. Mr. Ann-
strong was orig-inally a Whig, and voted for
William Henry Harrison for ])resident.
AVhen the Whig party was disintegrated, ho
adojjted the doctrine of Thomas Jell'erson and
Andrew Jackson, and, two years ago, those of
W^illiaui J. liryau.

In 18!i5, in Christiana hundred, William
Armstrong was married to Esther, daiiuhter
of Jauu'S Dclaplainc, a leading farniir and

landowner of Christiana hundred They had
two children, who died in infancy. !Mrs. Arm-
strong died on the farm some years ago. Mr.
;\rmstrong is a member of the Presbyterian
church, as also was ilrs. Armstrong.

TIItp^^IAS DILAVORTH, P. 0. Cossart,
Chester (.'ounty. Pa., son of Zeba and Deborah
B. (Levis) IJilworth, was born in Birmingham
township, Delaware county, Pa., February 2,
1845.

His ancestors were English Friends; for two
centuries his forefathers lived in the south-
eastern part of Pennsylvania, and for many
years they have resided in Delaware. James
Dilworth, the first of the family to seek an
Americaii home, was born in Yorkshire, Eng-
land, and with his young ^vife came to Penn-
sylvama in the days of William Penn. He
settled in Bucks county. His son, William
Dilworth, moved into Bimiingham township,
CJhester county, and reared a family of six
children on a farm there. James Dilworth,
his son and the gxeat-grandfather of Thomas
Dilworth, erecteil the first log hut in Dil-
worthto\\Ti, Chester county, and in 1758 built
a tavern there. James Dilworth, 2, grand-
father of Thomas Dilworth, acquired a farm
in Bimungiiam township, Delaware county.
Pa., and died there. One of his eight children
was Zeba Dilworth. (For a complete histor}'
of the ancestoi-s of Thomas Dilworth, see
sketch of Horace L. Dilworth.) Zeba Dil-
worth, father of Thomas Dilworth, was born
in Birmingham township, Delaware county,
Pa., in ISOl. He was engagetl in farming
there for a number of yeare, then resided in
'\\'iluiington, Del., for a short period, but af-
terward he went to Centreville, and again
turned his attention to farming. Zeba Dil-
worth was mamed to Deborah B. Levis, born
in Birmingham to\\niijhii), Chester county.
Pa., daughter of William Le\ds, who at one
time was a hatter, and later a stockdealer.
Tliey had children: I. James, 4, farmer, of
Christiana hnndr(>d; II. * William Levis,
farmer, of near Centre\'ille; III. Rebecca
(ifrs. Edward Thatcher), -widow, of Chester
county; IV. John; V. ]\rary (Mn. David
Windle), of C'hadd's Ford, Chester county;
VI. Charles IL, president of the Na-
tional Bank of Des :\roines, Ta.; Vll.
Elizabeth (jMi-s. JosejJi Brinton), of ^Ic-
Cook's, Nebraska; VIII. Emma (ifrs. Josepli
K. Sliarjiless), of Wilnnngton; IX. Thomas;

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648

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

X. B. Franklin, married Alary Cloud; XI.
Jlarvey, deLcastd; XII. Anna (AIi-s. Fuscy W.
Jackson), of Chicago, 111.; XIII. Eilwiu T.,
drugfiibt, of Wilmington, married Ella War-
ren; XIA"^. Frederiea, deceased. Air. Dilwnrtli
dic-d in Centreville and was liuried there; his
widow died in AViliningtuu in 18'JI5. Hotli
-were members of the Society of Friends.

Thomas Dilworth attended thc^ public
schools of Birmingham township, Delaware
county, Fa., until Ids father came to New
Castle county, Uel. Then ho was entered
in the Friends' School in Wilmington, and
completed his education in Frofessor Short-
lidge's school in Fain-ille, Chester county. Fa.
lie returned to his father's farm at Centreville
and remained there until 1SG5, when he went
to Wilmington, and for four years conducted
a grocery store in that city. In DStJ'J Air. Dil-
worth removed to FeuiLsbury township, Ches-
ter coimty, Fa., where for eight years he cul-
tivated a leased farm. In 1877 he settled
upon his present farm of 112 acres, a portion
of which is in Fennsbury to\\niship. Cheater
county, Fa., and a portion in Christiana hun-
dred, Xew Castle county, Del. Upon this
tract of land Air. Dilworth has expended much
labor, and has made it very productive. Air.
Dilworth is a man of quiet disposition, kindly
mannered and generous. Ho is a member of
Wenonah Tribe, Xo. 73, 1. O. F. AI., Chadd's
I'ord, Fa., and a life long Fepublican.

Thomas Dilworth married Alaiy F., daugh-
ter of Job II. and Jane (Alartin) Fylo, born
ill Fcnnsl)iiry townshij), Chester county. Fa.
Their cliildren are: I. Jennie F., a gTaduate
of Darlington Seminary; II. J. "Warren, a
graduate of the Dental Department of the
Univei'sity of Pennsylvania, of Fhiladclphia,
Fa.; III. Emma, student, at home. Air. Dil-
worth and family are members of the Lower
Brandywine Fresbyterian church.

WIXFIELD SCOTT TALLEY, P. O.

Centreville, New ^Castle county, Del., son of
Siimuel and Sarah (Day) Tallev, was born
near Talley\alle, Del., August 3l', 1847.

The Tallcy family is not only among the
oldest and most respected in New Castle
county, but in point of nund>ers it is not sur-
passed by any in that section of the state.
AVilliam Tallev, grandfather of Winfield S.
Talley, was a land-owner and fanner of Fran-
dywine Innidrcd. In his jtolitical views he was

a Federalist. Ho married Ann Day; their
childreu weiv: I. Hezekiah; II. Harmon;
III. Joseph; IV. AVilliamC; V. Samuel Al.;
XL Alary Ann. William Talley, Sr., died
on his farm, and was buried in tlie church-
yard of Bethel AI. E. cliurdi, in Brandywine
hundred, of which he was a member.

Samuel AI. Talley, fifth son of William and
Ann Talley, was born on the homestead. He
received an excellent education, and having
made duo preparation, taught in the public
schools of Brandywine hundred for a number
of years. After the death of his father he
settled upon the homestead, and devoted the
remainder of his life to its cultivation. He
improved the pn-operty, erecting a dwelling,
a barn, etc. A Whig in early life, he sup-
ported the Republican party from its organi-
zation, but never sought office. Samuel AI.
Talley nian-ied Sarah, daughter of Joseph
W. Day, a^vell-known citizen of Talleyville.
Ihey had chihliX'n as follows: I. Ellen A.;
II. ilarriet J. (AIi-s. William Green), of Wil-
nungton, Del.; III. Wintield Scott; IV.
Francis D., lives in the West; V. J. Ilarley,
of AVilmington, married Ellen Campbell; VI.
Samuel AI., Jr., I'csides on the homestead.
Samuel AI. Talley, Sr., died on the fanu,
August 23, 1896, and was interred in the
burial gTOund of the Bethel AI. E. church;
he was a member and trustee of the Betlnd
C()ngregation. Airs. Talley still resides in
Brandywine hundred; she has attained the age
of seventy-six. She is a consistent member
of the AI.'E. church.

AVinfield S. Talley was bom on the home
farm. He received his education in the pub-
lic schools of the district, and remained at
home until he was twenty-five yeare old, when
he engaged in faniung in Chester county, Fa.
This removal, however, was but for a short
time; he soon returned to Brandywine hun-
dred, where he cutivated the AIcKcever farm
for two yeai-s. In 1S77, Air. Talley settled
on the Forwood tract of 110 acres, in Chris-
tiana hundred, near Centreville, where for the
])ast twenty-one years he has given his atten-
tion to the cu'ltivation of cereals, raising cat-
tle, and conducting an extensive dairy. I'lio
products of his dairy are shipped direct to
Philadelphia markets. Air. Tallcy is a success-
fid farmer and an esteemed citizen. He is a
Fast Cniiid (d' Crntrcvillc I...d-o, Xo. :'.7, I.

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STATI-J OF DELAWARE

G-19

0. 0. F., and a member of the Grand Lodge
of Delaware; also a Past Arelion of Washing-
ton Conclave, No. 11!», 1. O. II., of Centre-
ville. lie is a Kepnblican, active in the ranks
of his part}'.

Ill 187l', in the parsonage of Salem !M. E.
church, Delaware county, i*a., Winfield Scott
'J'alley was married to ilary, daughter of John
and d.ydia ('J'aylor) For\\-ooil; she was a na-
tive of JJrandywine hundred. .Mr. 'J'alley is
a member of the ilethodi^t eluircli.

Jehu Forwood, deceased, father of Mrs.
Winfield S. Talley, and son of Jehu Fonvood,
Sr., was bom in Brandywine hundred, July
12, 1S12, educated in his native hundred, and
made farming his life occupation. ^Ir. For-
M'ood owned several farms in Brandywine and
Christiana hundreds, but his entire life was
passed upon the old Forwood homestead, on
Avliich he died in 1SS7; his remains were in-
teiTcd in Kewark Union cemetery. Mr. For-
wood was a diligent and reliable man, and
was much respected. Ho was a Democrat,
but had no desire for ]iublic office. Jehu
Forwoo<l married Lydia, daughter of Enimer
and ilary Taylor, of Chester county. Fa.;
!Mi-s. Forwoo<l was born in that county, in
Birmingham township. Their children are:

1. Israel, of Brandywine hundred, deceased;
II. Susanna (ilrs. AVilliam ^I. Pierce), of
Brandywine hundred; III. Miller, of Dela-
ware countv, Pa.; IV. James, deceased; V.
Mary (Mre" Winfield Seott Talley); VI.
Joseph, famier, residing (Hi the homestead;
VII. Alfred^ deceased; VIII. William, de-
ceased; IX. Emily (Mrs. Alfred M. Leach),
of Brandywine hundred. Mrs. Lydia (Tay-
lor) Forwood died in 1892, and her remains
were interred in Newark Union cemetery;
she was an excellent lady, and, with her hus-
band, a member of the it. E. church.

JOHN CLOUD ELLIOTT, P. O. Fair-
ville, Chester county. Pa., son of J. Cloud
and La\inia (Piatt) Elliott, was born in
Brandywine hundred, New Castle county,
Del., October 18, 18(53.

The Elliott family is one of the oldest in
Delaware and its record has a eoiispicious
place in the history of the state. It is of Kiig-
li>h and Swedish origin. In flic great strug-
gle of the colonies for freedom, its memliers
performed valiant .service for the American
cause, and in the AVar of 1S12, they iMire,

an heroic part in their country's defence.
I'liey have always shown devotion to the
church, as well as to their native land. When
the famous old Swedes' church was erected in
AVilmingtoii, women of the family can-ied
stones in their aprons to be used in the build-
ing of the walls. All of the membei's have
been active adherents of the P. K. church.

(,'loud Elliott, grandfather of John C.
Elliott, was horn on the Elliott farm in
J5raiidywiiie hundred. He was always a
farmer, and owned and cultivated a large tract
of land near Wilmington. Politically, he
su]»ported the views of President Washington
and Alexander Hamilton. Cloud Elliott mar-
ried a daughter of Dr. Stidham, who was the
fii"st physician in Delaware. Their children
Avere: I. Susan (^Irs. Levi Clark), of Red
Lion hundred. New Castle county; II. Anna
ilary (ilrs. William Talley), resided in Bran-
dywine hundreil and afterward in Ohio, where
she and her husband died; III. Eliza Jane,
married (ieorge 1). Armstrong, banker, of
AViliningon; IV. Isaac Stidham, a prominent
citizen of Brandywine liundred; VI. Cloud.
~Mv. Elliott died on his fanii in 1824; Mrs.
Elliott also died on the farm; both are buried
in the Old Swedes' cemetery, AVilmington,
Del.

J. Cloud Elliott, 2, father of John C.
Elliott, was born on the homestead in 1822,
and was but two years old when his father
died. He was educated in Brandywine hun-
dred and there sjient all his days as a farmer.
He acquired much ])roperty, including a num-
ber of farms in various jiarts of New Castle
county, ilr. Elliott wielded much influence,
and was noted for his kindness and charity
to all who needed advice or financial assist-
ance. In politics, he was a Eepublican, but
never desired to hold office. On October 29,
iNol, J. Cloud Elliott, 2, was married to
Lavinia, daughter of John and ilary (Jack-
son) Piatt, born October 30, 1829, near AVil-
niingtou. Air. Elliott died in Wilmington,
February 8, 1897; AIi-s. Elliott died April
24, 1897; both were buried in the "Wilming-
ton and Brandywine cemetery, in which all
the deceased members of their family were
interred. Both were membei-s of the P. E.
church.; 'Mr. Elliott was senior warden and a
vestryman of St. John's church, \\'iluiington.

John Cloud EUiolt was ediu-aird in the
Friends' school in Wilmington. In l!>'.)8,

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«50

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

he purchased the Passmore farm of 175 acres,
and a grist uiill in Christiana hundred, and
is now in possession of one of the most pro-
■ductive farm properties in the hundred. Mr.
Elliott lias won the esteem of his neighboi-s
by his affability, industry, and progrcssive-
ness. He is a stanch Republican.

On April 21, ISSO, John C. Elliott was
nrarried to Mary Houston, bom in ^Iillsb<iro,
Sussex county, Del., and daughter of ex-State
Treasurer Houston, deceased. Their^iildren
are: I. Eavinia Piatt, born August 19, 18S8;
IE Eobert Houston, born May 20, 1890.
Mr. Elliott and his family are members of
the P. E. church.

The Piatt family, of which ]\ri-s. J. Cloud
Elliott is a member, is one of the oldest in
the United States. Early in the seventeenth
■century, Eichard Piatt settled in Connecticut,
and his descendants have been prominent in
various callings in some of the New England
states, in aSTew Jersey, Delaware and south-
eastern Pennsylvania. Members of the
family took an active part in the Eevolution-
ary war and the war of 1812, and have held
many state and county offices.

John Piatt, great-grandfather of John C.
Elliott, was bom and reared in Burlington
county, N. J. He was veiy active in the
cause of the colonists in the Eevolutionai-y
war. In 1777, lie was commissioned in the
Delaware Pegiment of Foot in the Continen-
tal Establishment, Colonel Hall, and served
■until 1783. In the latter year he was one of
the Revolutionary soldiers who organized the
Society of the Cincinnati. At the beginning
of the present centm-y, John Piatt removed
to New Castle county, Del., purchased land,
settled near Wilmington, and passed the re-
mainder of his life at "Chatham Place," as
lie called his residence. He never took part
in politics. On September 23, 1784, at the
Upper Springfield ileeting-house, Burlington
county, N. J., John Piatt wa.s married to
Alice, daughter of William Stevenson, of
Upper Freehold, Monmouth county, N. J.
They had children: I. Elizabeth C^hs. John
Irvin), bora Jidy 9, 1785; II. liartha, bom
December 27, 1787, died young; HI. Wil-
liam, bom March 13, 1790, married Maria
Taylor; IV. ]\Iary, l)orn January 21, 1793,
died October 23, 187 1; V. George, born
July 19, 1795, married Sarah Taylor; VI.
John, 2, born September 21, 1802. ]\Irs.

Alice Piatt died July 4, 1806. In Septem-
ber, 1808, John Piatt married Maiy Curow,
of near !Moorestown, Burlington county, N.
J. Their children were: I. Franklin, bom
January 1, 1810, married Clara Ann Green-
ough; II. Samuel, born July 11, 1811,
deceased; III. Cllayton, bora March 23, 1817,
marned Catherine Caipenter. !Mr. Piatt
died at Chatham Place, in December, 1823;
his widow died in July, 1854, in her seventy-
seventh year.

John Piatt, 2, grandfather of John C.
Elliott, was bora in New Jersey and ac-
companied his parents to Delaware when
a youth. He Avas reared a farmer and con-
tinued in that occupation until his death.
He was a man of much influence in the com-
munity, a stanch Federalist and, aftenvards
a Whig, but never aspired to ofhce. On
Mmdi 3, 1825, John Piatt, 2, was married

to j\Iary Jackson, of . Their

children are: I. George, bora November 20,
1827, died Decemk-r, 1837; II. Laviuia,
born October 30, 1829, married October 29,
1851, J. Cloud Elliott, father of John C.
Elliott; HE Elizabeth, Iwrn October 14,
1831, married John Peybold, and after his
death, Bernard Peybold, also dead; IV.
Alice, born Decemlier 28, 1833; V. Susan
Ih-own, born February 10, 1835, man-ied
John C. Clark, of Red Eion hundred, now
deceased; VI. Franklin, bora May 22, 1837,
married Ella W. Bayard Foard; VII. John,
3, bom May 27, 1841, died June 30, 18G2,
was a soldier in the Civil war and was mor-
tally wounded in the battle of Fair Oaks,
Va., May 31, 1862; VIII. Edward, born
June 27," 1843, died November 8, 1843;
IX. Charles H. and X. Alfred, twins, born
November 10, 1845, Charles married Rachel
Eincoln. John Piatt, 2, died on his farm
in New Castle hundred, near Wilming-ton,
October 10, 1854, and was buried in the
Wilmington and Brandywine cemetery. He
was a member of the Society of Friends.

WILLIAil W. :MAXWELL, p. O. High-
lands, New Castle county, Del., son of Joseph
and ]\Iary Ellen (Wanvick) ilaxwell, was
born at Hare's Corner, New Castle hundred,
N^ew Castle county, Del., January 1, 1858.

William ]\Iaxwell, grandfather of William
W. Maxwell, a member of one of the old fam-
ilies of Delaware, is Irish by descent, and was

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I , • ,m;.i

STATE OF DEL AW ABE

G51

bom in New Castle county, where lie has
spent the greater part of his life. Mr. Max-
well is a life-long member uf the Democratic
party; he is highly esteemed both in his na-
tive state and in Kennett Square, Pa., where
he is now living with his son, Frank ^lax-
well. IIo has just celebrated his ninetieth
birthday. William JMaxwell was married to
Rachel Craig. Of their eight sons, one, Mar-
shall, died in infancy. Tliose who reached
manhood are: I. Jacob C, deceased; II. Wil-
liam; III. Joseph; IV. George; V. Frank;
VI. Alexander; VII. Marshall, 2.

ilr. ilaxwell's father, Joseph Maxwell, was
born in Xew Castle county, Del., May 3",
1833. lie was educated in the public schools
of his native state, and in his youth was en-
gaged in farming, in New Castle county, Del.,
and in Chester county, Pa. Mr. Maxwell af-
terwards turned his attention to teaming, and
for thirty years was a faithful and diligent
employee of the DuPont Powder Company.
IIo is a Democrat, actively interested in pub-
lic atfaii-s. Joseph ilaxwell was married
in Wiiite Clay Creek hundred. New Castle
county, Del., to Mary Ellen, daughter
of Amos P. and Mary P. (Ogle) Warwick,
and granddaughter of liobert Ogle, the foun-
der of Ogleton, Del. Mi-s. ilaxwell was born
in White Clay Creek huiuli-ed. Of their
eleven children, seven died in infancy: I.
and II. twins, Amos and Joseph; III. George;
IV. Howard; V. Kate; VI. Josephine; VH.
Helen. 'J'hose who lived to maturity are: I.
ifary (Mi-s. William Luton); II. William
W.; III. Esther (Mrs. iloses Campbell), de-
ceased; IV. Sara (Mrs. Milton Johnson). ]\[r.
Maxwell and his wife are members of the
Presbyterian church.

William AV. ifaxwell was a child when his
parents removed to Chester county, Pa.,
where he attended the public school at Hick-
ory Hill. AVhen the family returned to Dela-
ware, William entered the school at Oak Hill,
Christiana hundred, and completed his schol-
astic course in the DuPont school in the
same hundred. For a number of years Mr.
Maxwell was employed as a farm laborer,
and for three yeai-s he was engaged in the
Bancroft mills during the winter months, and
in summer was a gardener for ]\[r. Bancroft.
In 1892, he was appointed superintendent of
irount Salem il. E. cemetery, succeeding
the late Joseph Proud. For the past six vimi-s

he has given all his time and attention to the
care of the cemetery, and to the Mount Salem
M. E. church of which he is sexton, discharg-
ing his duties promptly and fiiitlifuUy. ]\lr.
Maxwell is a stanch Pepublicaii, an active
worker, but in no sense an office-seeker. He
is a member of Henry Clay Eotlge, Wa Wa
Sa Tribe, I. O. P. M., in which he has passed
all the chairs; and of the K. G. of V., High-
lands, Del.

AVilliam W. ilaxwell was married, in
Chester county. Pa., January 28, 1880, to
]\Iai7 Agnes, daughter of William Louther,
of Christiana hundred. Their children are:
I. Gertrude 0.; II. Ellen W.; III. Walter
A.; IV. Anna II. and V. Joseph P.,
twins, died in infancy; VI. Joseph P., 2. For
twenty yeare, Mr. Maxwell has been a mem-
ber in good standing of the M. E. church, to
which denomination his wife and family also
belong;.

THOMAS J. DAY, AVilmington, Del.,
son of John W. and Hannah P. (Clayton)
Day, was born on the old Day homestead in
Brandywine hundred. New (Jastle county,
Del., November 11, 1850.

The Day family, one of the oldest in Bran-
dywine hundred, 'is of English descent.
Francis Day, great-great-grandfather of
Tliomas J. Day, was born in England. About
1700 Mr. Day emigrated to America and
purchased from an English land company
100 acres of the Piockland Manor. This land
he cultivated and improved until the time
of his death. He died on the homestead, and
is buried in the cemetery of the Brandywine
Baptist church at Chadd's Ford, Delaware
county. Pa. His son, Joseph Day, great-
grandfather of Thomas J. Day, inherited the
original tract and continued to improve the
property, and in 1798 erected near Talley-
ville the stone dwelling in wliich his grand-
son, John W. Day, now resides. \lv. Day
was a Whig, actively interested in local poli-
tics. Joseph Day was manned to Miss Wood.
Mr. Day and his wife were members of the
Baptist church. Both died at the homestead,
and are buried at the cemetery of the Bran-
dywine Baptist cliurch, Chadd's Ford, Pa.
Their son, Joscpii W. Day, grandfatlier ui
Thomas J. Day, was born on the homestead
near TalJeyvillc, received a good education
in the schools of the district, and spent his

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652

BIOORAPHIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

whole life in the cultivatiou of tlie soil. lie
was a successful fanner, aiul added inaiiy acres
to his patrimony. Mr. Day was an old line
Democrat, an Adams man, well-known and
highly esteemed in the county, lie was j)rom-
inent in the puldic affaire of the hundred,
and of the county, and rendered etflcieut ser-
vice in the state legislature, and in the Ixivy
'Court of New Castle county. Joseph W.
Day was mamed to Helen, daughter of Wil-
liam Aldred, dyer, a native of England who
emigrated to America when his daughter,
!Mrs. Day, was two yoai-s old. Their chilren
are: I. Isaiah, died in youth; II. William;
III. John W. ; IV. Sarah, widow of Siihuiel
IL Tallev; V. Cathci-ine Eliza; VI. J. Aston,
died in youth; VII. Joseph; VIII. Ellen; IX.
Thomas. ]\Ir. Day and his family were con-
sistent membei"s of the Baptist church in Wil-
mington, Del. He and his wife died in Bran-
dywine hundred and are buried at the Brandy-
wine Baptist church, Chadd's Ford, Delaware
county, Pa.

John W. Day, father of Thomas J. Day,
■was bora at the homestead, Aug\ist 2, 1820,
and was educated in the public schools of his
native hundred. He spent his whole life on
his farm, cultivating and improving his prop-
erty. He Avas influential in the community,
and was a prominent member of Pomona
Ci range. !Mr. Day was a Whig, but after-
wards identified himself with the Pepubli-
can party, and served efficiently as school
commissioner, road commissioner and assessor
of Brandywine hundred. John W. Day was
nnirried in Brandywine hundred, in 1848, to
Hannah P., daughtt'r of John Clayton, of
Delaware county. Pa., wdiere his daughter,
ill's. Day, was bom. The children of J(din
W. and Hannah Ii. (Clayton) Day are: T.
William Aldred, died in youth; II. Jlillard
F., of Christiana hundred; III. John Clayton,
died in youth; IV. Joseph W., of Beading,
Pa.; V. Thomas Jeffei-son; VI. Charles W. ;
VTI. F. Ilaney, il. D., of Brandywine hun-
dred; VIII. John Lincoln, clerk in the su-
perintendent's office of the P. P. P., at Bead-
ing, Pa. ih-s. Day died ]\Iarch 0, 1897, and
is buried in Jilount Lebanon ^I. E. cemetery.
Thomas J. Day attended the piddle schools
of Brandywine hundred, and studied for one
tenn under Professor Ilarkness, in his
academy at Wilmington, Del. He liarned
carpentry with his brother, ]\rillard F. Day,

and, after working as a journeyman for three
years in Wilmington, Del., removed to Bran-
dywine hundred, and began business for him-
self as a builder and contractor. In 18'JS,
ilr. Day was ai)|)ointed su[)erintendent of the
carpenter department of J. Bancroft & Sons
Co., which position he still holds. His faith-
fulness and consideration have won for him
the respect and confidence of his employers
and of his fellow-workmen, ilr. Day is a
Bepublican, actively interested in public af-
fairs, and has served on the Bepublican com-
mittees of the county and of the state. In
ISOO he was elected to the State Legislature,
and served acceptably for one term. Mi: Day
is a Past j\Iaster of DuPont Lodge, No. '2U,
F. and A. M.; member of the Knights Temp-
lar; past grand of I. 0. 0. F., and a mem-
ber of the Grand Lodge of the state.

Thomas J. Day was married, in 1882, to
Maiy, daughter of Samuel H. Demck, late
commissioner of the Levy Court. They have
one child, S. Harvey.

JOHN S. MILLER, Highlands, New
Castle county, Del., son of Jonas and Jane
(Illggins) ililler, was bom on a fann on the
banks of the Brandj'wine, August 15, 1828.

]\Ir. :ililler's father, Jonas W. ]\Iiller, son
of George ililler, and brother of Joseph and
George L. ililler, old citizens of Brandywine
hundred, was born in Christiana hundred,
February 13, 1804. His only educational ad-
vantages were those afforded by the public
schools of the district. Mr. Miller was a close
student, and continued his education by-read-
ing and obsen'ation until he had acquired a
large fund of general information. When
(]uite young he was ap])renticed to Eichard
liambo, millwright, at AVilmington, N. J.
On attaining his majority, ilr. Miller entered
the millwright dcpai'tment of the DuPcmt
works, where he was a faithful employee for
more than fifty years, the greater part of the
time being spent as foreman of the depart-
ment. ]\Iost of his life was passed on the
banks of the Brandywine. He was a skilled
mechanic and an indefatigable worker.
Among the mills erected by him was the first
paper mill in ]jrandywine hundred, built for
Jessup A: iloore. ilr. Day was a good citizen,
respedted and esteemed in the hundred. Ho
was a Democrat, and voteil for Andrew Jack-
son, lint aflci'wards bccanie a Whic, and

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STATE OF DELA]YAEE

653

finally identified himself with the I{ej)iil)-
liean party; although aetively interested in
local iiolities, he never sought office. Jonas
AV. Aliller was niai'ried to Jane, daughter iji
Andrew Iliggiiis, who was a niendier of the
Delaware Hines, and during the Kevolutidn-
ary war served for three years in the Conti-
nental army. Mrs. ilillcr was born June 1,
180S. -Jonas W. and Jane (Iliggins) Miller had
thirteen children, six of whom died in in-
fancy. Those who reached maturity are: I.
John S.; II. Sarah J. (ili-s. John P. Newlin),
Coatesvillc, Pa., bom June 5, 1831; III.
Anna ]\Iaria (]\ri"s. James Xewlin), deceased,
born April 14, 1833; IV. George, of Stock-
ton, Cal., born February 14, 183G; Catherine,
"widow of Joseph Walker, born I)eccml)er 10,
1838, resides in Indian Territory; YI. Wil-
liam II., his father's successor at the DuPont
works, born June 4, 1841; VII. Jonas W.,
of Kinsley, Kan., born September 28, 1847.
Mr. Miller and his wife were membei-s of the
Presbyterian church. He died July 3, 1873,
from the effects of injuries received in an
explosion which occurred that year at the
BuPont Avorks; his widow died Xovember
10, 1875. Both are buried in Mount Salem
M. E. cemetery.

John S. ^filler attended the public schools
at Shar])ley, Prandywine hundred, and com-
pleted his scholastic course at the academy
in Prandywine village. In early youth, he
entered the service of the DuPont Company,
and having served his apprenticeship under
his father, became a skilful millwright, and
for twenty-one years worked for the conijiany
as a journeyman. In 1804, Mr. ]\Iiller aban-
doned his trade and opened a store for gen-
eral merchandise at Henry Clay, jSTew Castle
county, Del. In 18U0, after carrying on a
successful business for thiity-two yeai-s, he re-
tired from active life and was succeedetl by
his son-in-law, Henry Gregg. By close aj)-
plication to business Mr. ililler actpiired a
competence, and for the past two yeai-s has
been enjoying well-earned rest in his beauti-
ful home at the Highlands, in AVilmington
hundred. He is a life-long Pe])ublican, and has
never sought or accepted office. ]\Ir. ]\Iiller
is an influential citizen, highly esteemed in
the county. He is a ]iast master of DuPont
Lodge, Xo. 20, A. F. and A. ]\I., Past Grand
<>i Bnindywine Lodge, No. IS, L O. O. F.
-John S. Jliller was married in Brandvwino

hundred, IMarch 0, 1850, to Anna iNfary,
daughter of Abraui and Ivachel (Jackson)
Husbands, old citizens of Prandywine hun-
dred. Their children are: I. Adelaide (Airs.
Henry Gregg), of Henry Clay, Del.; 11. Kl-
niira Day (ilrs. Henry H. Archer), of New
York city, i\. Y.; I'lL Catherine Walker
(Mi-s. George Casey), of Brandy wine hun-
dred; IV. Anna ilaria (Mi-s. AViliiam Jack);
A'. iVbrani II., drowned, aged two years and
six months; VI. Jane, wife of Adam Linsev;
VII. Pachel IL; VIIL Sarah IL, died In
youth; IX. Miriam, one of the finest alto
singers in the state; X. Cora; and two who
died in infancy. Mr. ililler has given to his
ocliildren every advantage that he could com-
mand; they are all well-educated and have
many accomplishments. ]\Ir. Aliller and his
wife are members of Mount Salem M. E.
church. For nearly fifty yeai-s, his member-
ship has been in this congregation, in which
he has at diffei*ent times served in every office
except that of superintendent of the Sunday
school.

COLUMBUS IIEXRY, :M. D., Newark,
Del., son of Captain James and Matilda (ilor-
rison) Henry, was born in New Castle hun-
dred. New Castle county, Del., December 8,
1843.

His father. Captain James Henry, was
Iwrn in Appoquinimink hundred, New Cas-
tle county, October 11, 1782. There he at-
tended the select school and afterward for a
short time resided in Odessa. For some years
Capt. Henry commanded a vessel en-
gaged in the coasting trade, mak-
ing voyages from New England to
Cuba and the Gulf ports. Later he
engaged in mercantile pursuits in Delaware
City, fonning, for this purpose, a partner-
ship with George Cleaver. In 1840 he dis-
posed of his interest in their store, and began
farming in New Castle hundred. Several
yeai-s before his death, he withdrew from the
active management of his land, and led a re-
tired life. Ca]it. James Henry was manied
three times. His first wife was Ann Brittcm,
of Delaware, who was born Oetober 17, 1788,
and died January 1, 1812, without issue. His
second marriage was to Ann .lelfer-on, of
New Castle, who was born October 27, 1794.
They had children: I. James Jefferson, born
September 15, 1S14, died young; II. ilary

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654

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA ^

Ann (Mrs. Edward Ford), of Cecil couuty,
Md., born November 23, 1815, bad cbildren,
i. Annie B., wife of Captain Maxwell, of
Delaware City, ii. Kicbard, married Jliss
Bowen, of Cecil county, Md., bad two cbil-
dren, Annie B. and William, iii. Jose|)biiie,
iv. Lonisa C, married an Episcopal clergy-
man, id living at date of writing; III. James
Bonaparte, born September 3, 1819, man-ied
Elizabetb Wrencb, of Georgetown, Del., bad
one cbild, Annie E., now of Wasbington, D.
C, born in 1847, manied George Tybout,
wbo died in 1871, lias one daiigbtei', Ella;
IV. Jobn Jeffereon, born September 11,
1822, married Sarali Diebl, bad one cliijd,
who died young, and the mother soon ''fol-
lowed, after which he manued Mary E.
Lusby, had children, i. Etta, ii. Mai-y, iii.
James Lusby, iv. George; J. J. Henry now
resides at Denver, Cob, is in the real estate
business. Mrs. Ann (Jefferson) Henry died
September 2, 1826. Captain Henry's third
\vife was Matilda (Morrison) Hawthorne, who
was born in White Clay Creek hundred, New
Castle county, in 1805, and was the widow
of William Hawthonie. She was married to
Capt. Henrj' March 22, 1842. Their chil-
dren are: I. Columbus; II. Edwin Wilson,
born June 27, 184(5, died September 17,
1847; III. diaries Cincinnatus Ileniy, M.
D., bom September 12, 1848, a successful
practitioner of Brooklyn, N. Y., graduate of
Long Island Medical College, married Altbea
!Morris, of Brooklyn, June 11, 1882, has one
son, Mon-is Walgrove, born April 2, 1883.
Capt. Henry died April 28, 1SC9, and was
buried in the old Presbyterian church grave-
yard at St. George's; bis widow died Novem-
ber 24, 1875, in Newark and was buried in
White Clay Creek church graveyard.

Columbus Henry attended the public
schools of New Castle hundred and,
later, Blairstown Academy, N. J. Af-
terwards, be read medicine with Dr.
Timothy B. Townsend, of New Haven,
Coim. He followed this with a years'
course in the medical dejiartment of
Yale University and completed his studies at
the University of Pennsylvania, of Phila-
delphia, from which be was graduated in
1871. He establi^bell himself as a pbj'sician
in Newark the same year and has jiracticed
there continuously, except for four ycai-s; his
professional services arc in deinaiul far and

near. In 1864 he enlisted, at Wilmington,
in Company B, Ninth Kegiment, Delaware
Volunteer Infantry, and served four monflis
in the Civil AVar. He was mustered out Jan-
uary 3, 1865. Dr. Henry has the conlidenco
and esteem of those wbo know him, both as a
practitioner and as a public-spirited citizen.
He is a member of the State Medical Society
and of the American Medical Association; is
a member of the Newark school board and
mayor of the city, having been elected to the
latter office in 1898. He is a member uf
Eureka Lodge, No. 23, A. F. and A. il., of
Wilmington; Oriental Lodge, No. 12, I. O.
O. F., of Newark, and of Thomas M. Rey-
nolds Post, No. 9, G. A. P., of Pleasant Hill,
Del. He is identified with the Republican
party.

On May 3, 1873, in Newark, Dr. Colum-
bus Henry was married to Agnes, daughter
of Caleb and ]\Iai-y E. Grifiitb, of Newark.
They have two cbildren: I. Edna (Mrs. Chas.
Oran Cooper), of Baltimore, Md.; II.
George Griffith, clerk in the National Bank
of Newark; be enlisted May 2, 1898, and
was elected first lieutenant of Company L,
Fii-st Delaware Regiment, Volunteers, and is
now serving with bis regiment. Dr. Henry
and family attend the Presbyterian church.

WALTER HOSSINGER STEEL, M. D.,
Newark, Deb, son of Robert II. and Louisa
(Ilossinger) Steel, was born at Appleton,
Cecil county, Md., August 17, 1871.

Robert H. Steel was bom in White Clay
Creek hundred, New Castle county. Deb,
June 20, 1820. There he was educated, and
became a farmer. He owned and cultivated
a tract of 250 acres, on which be made many
improvements. In 1870, he sold this fanii and
removed to Cecil county, Md., where
he purchased another tract of land and cul-
tivated it very successfully imtil 1891; be
then removed to Newark, Deb, of which city
he is now a respected citizen. He is a Demo-
crat. Robert, H. Steel manied Louisa, daugh-
ter of Joseph Hossingcr. Their cbildren are:
I. George, died in early manhood; II. ilary
Charlotte (ilrs. James N. Kilgore), uf
Bridgeton, York county. Pa.; III. Emma
Caroline (!Mrs. Clarence E. Jones), of White
Clay Creek hundred, widow; TV. James
Henry, married M. Lorene Garrett, had chil-
dren, i. ifary Katharine, ii. Florence Lnrin-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

G57

da, iii. Helen Loreiie, he was drowneil in Big
Elk Creek, July 18, ISU-i; V. Adeline Lu-
cinda; Yl. Waltci- Ilossinger. ^Irs. Steel
is of u very active disposition, ilr. and .Mrs.
Steel are nienibera of the I'resbyteriiui elmreli.
Walter ITossingcr Steel began his ednea-
tion in the public schools of Cecil county, Md.
After preparing for college at the Newark,
Del., Academy, he completed a three years'
course in Delaware (Jollege, of Newark.
Having read medicine with Dr. C. M.
Almond, of Newark, for one year, Mr. Steel*
matriculated at Hahnemann iledical College,
Philadelphia, from which institution he was
graduated in 1897. Ileturniug to Newark,
he bought the practice of his preceptor and
has begun his career in a very promising man-
ner, lie is talent-ed and genial and an ardent
Democrat. Dr. Steel is a member of the M.
E. church.

IIENEY G. M. ICOLLOCK, M. D., New-
ark, Del., son of Joseph and Sarah (Hous-
ton) Kolloek, was born near Millsboro, Sus-
sex county, Del., in 1850.

Among the excellent jxjople driven from
France by persecution on account of their
religious belief, who sought freedom of wor-
ship in America, were many who were after-
wards numbered among the strongest men of
the colonies, and of these Delaware received
her full share. To this class of emigrants be-
longed Jacob Kolloek, a Huguenot. He
crossed the Atlantic Ocean two centuries ago,
became one of the fii-st settlers in Sussex
coimty, Del., where he built a home and
passed his life; he died and was buried near
Lewes. Jacob Kolloek was the ancestor of
the well-known Kolloek family.

Shephard Kolloek, son of the original settler,
and great-great-grandfather of Dr. Heniy G.
if. Ivollock, was born in Lewes, Del., and de-
voted himself to agricultural pui-snits. He
married and hail children: I. Elizabeth; II.
Comfort; III. Prettyman; IV. George; V.
Simon; VI. Alice; VII. Hercules; VIII.
Shephard; IX. Philip. A number of his sons
fought in the patriot army in the Pevolution-
ary War. Sliepliar<l Kolhiek died and was bur-
ied in Lewes.

Simon Kolloek, his fifth child, was born in
Lewes, in 1745, and was a fanner and exten-
sive land-owner. He man-ied Cathai-iue
Burton, of Scotch descent. They had cliil-
37

dreu: L William S.; II. Sheppard; III.
Jacob; IV. Joseph. At the beginning of the
Pevolutionary War, Simon Kolloek went to
Halifax, Nova Scotia, because he had scniples
about taking up arms, and spent the remain-
dor of his life there. His family, however,
remained in Sussex county. His son, Wil-
liam S. Kolloek, grandfather of Dr. Henry
G. il. Kolloek, was bom in Sussex county,
and at an early age became a sea-captain, sail-
ing between Lewes and foreign ports. He
was an energetic, intelligent man, and gave
promise of much usefulness, but his career was
shortened by a malicious cook on board his
vessel, who poisoned his food and that of all
his crew. He died at his home near Millsboro,
on Indian river, when only thirty-two years
old. He was an active young Federalist.
Captain William S. Kolloek married Eliza-
beth, daughter of Captain William Bagwell.
MiSi Kolloek was born in Sussex county, Del. ;
Captain Bagwell was a native of Virginia.
Captain and Mi-s. Kolloek had one child, Jo-
seph, ilrs. Kolloek died in Sussex county in
1848, and was buried in St. George's chapel
graveyard. Captain and Mrs. Kolloek were
members of the P. E. church.

Joseph Ktdlock, father of Dr. Henry
G. ]\L Kolloek, was born near Mills-
boro, Del., in 1805. He obtained a
good ediu'ation in the schools of that
place, and then gave all of his energy to the
business of agricidture. He was one of the
largest land-owners of the southern portion
of Delaware, his holdings aggregating 1,000
acres. He was a Whig in p(ditic^, and was
never an ofRce-seeker. Joseph Kolloek mar-
rieil, in Novendter, 1830, Sarah, daughter
of Pobcrt and Nancy (Throughgood) Hous-
ton, of Sussex county, and of Scotch descent;
her father was a farmer. They had children:
I. Kobert IL, died in middle age; II. Annie
W. (ili-s. Henry C. Frame), of [Millsboro,
Sussex county; III. Elizabeth; IV. William
Sheppard, of Sussex county; V. Mary Cath-
arine C\[vs. Dr. John Carey), of Cheyenne,
Wyoming, deceased; VI. Joseph, 2, of Sus-
sex county, farmer; VII. Henry G. M. Jo-
se]ih Kolloek died in Sussex county, in 1872,
aged sixty-seven years; his wife died in 18G7,
aged sixty-two. l)Oth were buried in the
eiiurchyard at St. (leorge's chapel. Mr. Kol-
loek and family were members of the P. E.
church.

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Jlclliy G. i\J. Jvcil)iM'k liuii iIjo U(J\ulila^ta

of a good early ediieaiion. Tlie piiblii; schools
of Sussex county, the high school of ^lilford,
and the Newark Academy, of which I'rof. E.
IX Porter was principal, all contiibuted to his
scholarship. "When he had completed the
courses of study in these institutions, he read
jnedicine with Dr. John Carey, his brother-
in-law, of ililton, Del. In 1870 he entered
JelTerson Medical College of Philadelphia,
where he was graduated in 1872. He was
then appointed resident physician of the Char-
ity Hospital of Philadelphia, for one year,
and was elected visiting physician of the
"Women's and Children's Department. Af-
ter a year, he was compelled to resigii that
post because of ill-health; he relincpiished his
practice, went to jSTewark, and engaged in the
hardware business with A. F. Chmningham.
Two years later, his health having been re-
stored, he disposed of his interest in the store,
and in 1877 resumed practice in Xewark, in
which for more than twenty-one yeai-s he has
been actively engaged. His practice extends
into the surrounding hundreds and states. He
has taken part in many and varied activities;
has been for many years surgeon of the E. A:
O. R. R., member of the original board of
trustees of Delaware College for fifteen years,
president of city council, memlter of the Dela-
ware State ]\I«lical Society, of the American.
J^redical Association and other organizations.
Dr. Kollock is, also, a member of Hiram
Lodge, No. 25, A. F. and A. 'M., of Newark,
and a Democrat who believes in the doctrines
of his partv, and supports them by his vote.
On June 1, 1880, Dr. Ilcniy (J. M. Kol-
hx-k married Anna M., daughter of CJeorge
and Mary J. (Blaclc) Evans, of Newark.
They had one child, who died in infancy.
Dr. Kollock attends the P. E. church.

ERI WASHINGTON HAIXES, D. D.
S., Newark, Del., son of Job and Prtidence
(Brown) Haines, was born near Rising Sun,
Cecil county, ]\rd., September 10, 1823.

His ancestoi-s came from England, where
the orthography of the family name was
Ilaynes, as appeai-s by the nianiage certi-
ficates of Richard Haines' widow, and his son
John, but the form was shortly afterward
changed to Haines, which has since been ad-
hered to by the family in this country, ib.re
than two centuries ago, the pii)ncir of the

Januly, J..)iji JJaUi..-, b.lllheold Ji<.i;ic-,
crossed the Atlantic in company with Jcjlm
Porton and family, and selected Evesham
township, Burlington county, N. J., as his
{dace of residence. There he married Esther,
daughter of John Borton. The iiew home was
a delight to him, and a land of more promise
than England uiuler Chai'les II. So he urged
his father, Richard Haines, to come to Ameri-
ca and bring with him his family. Richard
Haines was a native of Aynhoe-on-the-Hill,
Northampton county, and was a fanner. In
April, 1G82, he started from Clravesend for
America with his ^\^fe, ilargaret, and several
children. The voyage was in the ship Amity,
Captain Richard Diamond, and was an event-
ful one for the Haines family. Richard
Haines died on the vessel and was buried at
sea, and Joseph, youngest son of Richard and
Margaret Haynes, was bom on the passage,
during the month of April. Mrs. Haines anil
her children went to Burlington county, N.
J., and settled near the home of John Haines,
ilrs. Haines luiu'ried on ^lay 6, 1G85, 0. S.,
Heniw Bircham, of l^ucks county. Pa.

Joseph Haines, great-grandfather of Dr. E.
W. Haines, resided in IJurlington county, N.
J., until 1714, when he rcnujved to Pennsyl-
vania and settled in Nottingham to\\arship,
Chester county, now a portion of Cecil county,
Md. He was justice of the peace for Chester
for a number of years. He died in Chester
county, December 9, 17(j3. Joseph Haines
was Uvice married. By his first wife, Dorothy
Haines, he had children: I. William, born
March I, 1705, died May 5, 1710; II. Sarah,
born June 24, 170G, died April 28, 171ti;
III. Ruth (^Ii-s. Robert ]\riller), born August
28, 1709; IV. Miriam (:\ri-s. Robert Ilolli-
day), born July 24, 1711; V. Solomon, boni
September 22, 1713, died September 10,
172G; YI. Patience (:\rrs. Patrick Miller),
born November 24, 1715, married April 5,
1735; VII. Dorothy, born- November 4,

1718. Mrs, Dorothy Haines died January 7,

1719, aged 39 years. Joseph Haines manied,
second, Elizalieth, dau.chter of James Thomas,
of Whiteland, near Chester, Pa. Their chil-
dern were: I. Sarah CSlrs. Samuel Reynolds),
born Sejjtember 27, 1722, died Decemlwr 19,
1743; II. Deborah, born Febninry 14, 1724,
died July 24, 1734; III. William,' born April
8, 1725; IV. Reuben, bom September 2G,
172G, died Auuu>t 7, 1745; V. Solomon.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

G59

born June 28, 1728, died Anprnst 17, 1742;
VI. Josppli, 2, born November 'J, 1730; VII.
Annie (Mi-s. Hugh Sidwell), born July 21-,
1732; VIII. ^Margaret, l)orn Jaiunirv 11,
1734, died August C, 1734; IX. Xathan,
born February 28, 1735; X. Daniel, bum
September 15, 1736; XI. Isaac, bom April
19, 1738; XII. Deborah (Mrs. Joseph Eng-
land), boiTi ]\Iay 15, 1739, died May 2, 1784;
XIII. Job, born August 2C, 1744. Mi-s.
Haines died Xovemlier 24, 179C, aged 100
years.

Job Haines was born at Rising Sun, CVcil
county, !Md. He cultivated large tracts of
land and was a man of eminence in his district.
Being a strict Friend, he did not take a com-
bative part in the Eevolutionary War, 6ut he
entertained General Lafayette at his house
near Rising Sun, on the journey of the
French ilarquis to Yorktown, Va., in 1781.
He was a member of the ^Maryland legislature
at the time of General AVaslungton's death,
and as such, attended the funeral of the great
warrior and statesman. In 17GC Job Haines
married Esther Kirk, daughter of Timuthy
and Ann Gatchell. They had children: I.
Jacob, born September 3, 1707, died young;
11. Timothy, born :N'ovember 15, 1708; III.
Isaac, bom July 5, 1770, died young; IV.
Reuben, born May 17, 1772; V. Joseph, born
ilarch 29, 1774, died young; VI. Eli, bom
July 17, 1776; VII. Job, 2, born August 22,
1778; VIII. Lewis, boi-n Xovember 9, 1780,
died young; IX. Elizabeth (Mrs. Wil-
liam kirk), born February 16, 1783; X.
Esther (ilrs. Immer Knight), bom ilay 18,
1785; XI. Elisha, born September 19, 1787;
XII. Xathan, born April 26, 1790. Job
Haines died October 4, 1812, at Rising Sun;
Mi-s. Haines died at Rising Sun April 1, 1803;
lier remains were buried in the Friends' ceme-
tery, Cecil county, Md.

Job Haines, 2, father of Dr. E. W. Haines,
was born at Rising Sun. He received a good
education and studied medicine, but devoted
himself to farming. He was a Federalist.
Job Haines married Prudence Brown. They
had children: I. Sarah (^Irs. Thomas Iluil),
bom July 11, ISOil; 11. Esther (.Aire. John G.
Powley), born September 7, 1807; HI. Lucy
(ilrs. Williams .M.-Gullou-h), bom Julv 21,
1809; IV. I',asil, born May 21, 1811; V.'Dan-
iel Job, of Pen Yan, N. \., born August 21,
isi:,; VI. Eri Washington. J..1. Ibii.ics
died at his home near Rising Sun, Octolicr

10, 1827, and was buried in the Friends'
graveyard at Brick ilceting House, now Cal-
vert.

Eri AVashington Haines conies of good
(Quaker ancestry. His grandfather was a
leading exponent of their faith, and his
mother was a descendant of one of the first
Friends who came to this countiy from Eng-
land. These parents, in accordance with their
custom, gave their children a good education.
Eri AV. Haines attended a subscription school
of Cecil county, ]\Id., public schools in AVest-
em X'ew York and the AVcst X'ottingham
Academy. He afterward taught school in
Xew York and in Chester county. Pa. AVhile
in Chester countj' he studied dentistry with
Dr. John il. Anderson, of Kennett Stpuire.
In 1845 he began the practice of his profes-
sion in Newark, and in 1S53, entered tho
Philadelphia College of Dentistry, where he
spent a year as demonstrator, in connection
with Dr. AVhipple, on the opening of the first
Dental College in Philadelphia, then cdled
Philadelphia College of Dental Surgery, now
Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery.
After receiving his diploma in 1854 he re-
t\u-ned to Xewark, and has been a busy prac-
titioner here, in AVilmington, and in other
places for more than fifty-three years. Ho
enjoys the distinction of being the oldest
practicing dentist in Delaware, and is an es-
teemed citizen of this town. He is a Republi-
can.

Dr. Eri AV. Haines marrieil, in Otsego
county, X. Y., September 10, 184G, Sarah
E. ilcKown, daughter of AVilliam ]\IcKown,
and a native of South Iladley, Mass. They
had children: I. Eva Eriella, died when three
years, one month, nineteen days old; II.
Hari-y Hanvood, dentist, of AVest Grove,
Cliester county. Pa. Mre. Haines died at her
home in Xewark, in 1890, and was biu-ied in
the il. E. graveyard. She was a member of
the P. E. church. Dr. Haines married again,
his wife being Jennie, da\igliter of John and
Elizabeth (Corl)ctt) AVeir, and widow of Rich-
ard y[. Grifiith, a Philadelphia mercliant of
Welsh descent. !Mrs. Haines was born in
Ccnuity Down, Iicland. Her j)arents were of
Scotch-Irish ancestry. She is a member of
the !M. E. church.

SA:\IITEL M. DONNELL, Xewark, Deb,
son of Andrew and Rosa (Alathewson) Don-

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660

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

nell, was bom in Montgomery, Ala., April 30,
1S50.

Andrew Donuell was born in County Ty-
rone, Ireland, and tliere received a liiieral
education. AVhen a youth he came to Amer-
ica, and spent a short time in Newbern, N.
C, with his half-brother, Judge John Don-
ntjll, at that time a noted lawyer. The cli-
mate proving unhealthful for him, he re-
turned to his home in Ireland, but did not re-
main there long. Coming back to the United
States, Mr. Donnell settled in ilontgouiery,
Ala., where ho engaged in mercantile pursuits,
and dealt extensively in real estate. He
prospered rapidly, but the health of his fam-
ily suffered, and he sought a home where
tlie cUmatic conditions were more favorable.
In 1S52 he removed with his family to Cecil
county, Md., and a year later went to Wil-
mington, Del.; in 1856, he purchased a farm
in White Clay Creek hundred, which he oc-
cupied for several years, and then bought a
home in Newark and resided tliere until his
death. Andrew Donnell was a successful
business man and an esteemed citizen. lie
was a Democrat, and loyally sujjported his
party, but never desired public otHce.

Andrew Donnell married, in ^Montreal,
Canada, in 1843, Rosa, daughter of Samuel
and Elizabeth (Adams) Matthewson, born in
County Tyrone, Ireland. They had children:
I. Elizabeth, died in infancy; II. James,
died young; III. Samuel il.; IV. Ernest,
died young; V. Mary L. (Mrs. Dr. Geo. W.
]\rarshall), of Milford, Del; VI. Alice (Mre.
!Manly Drennen), of Elkton, Md. Andrew
Donnell died in Newark in 1880, and was
buried in White Clay Creek graveyard. Ho
attended the P. E. church. Mrs. Donnell
resides in Newark. A good wife and a kind
mother, she is higlily respected. She attends
the P. E. church.

Samuel Mathewson, father of Mrs. Don-
nell, was bom in County Tyrone, Ireland.
He emigi-ated to Montreal, Canada, with his
family and successfully engaged in the whole-
sale grocery business. IMrs. IMathewson was
born in Lancaster coxmty. Pa. While on a
visit to Ireland, she married ^Ir. ilathewson,
and spent the remainder of her life in Canada.

Samuel M. Donnell was fitted for a busi-
ness career by a careful education. He was
instnictcd at home by private tutors, and was
a student at the Newark Academy, Prof. E.

I). Porter, principal, for several terms.
Afterward he took a business course in the
liryant & Stratton Commercial College, of
Philadelphia. Then he returned home and
managed the farm of IGO acres until 1883,
when he came to Newark and established
himself in business, fii-st as a real estate
broker, and a few years later as a genea-al
collecting broker, insurance agent, and con-
veyancer, in which lines he has been very
profitably emjdoyed for the past fifteen years.
In 188-1: Mr. Donnell was ;t]ipointed notary
public for seven years by Governor Stockley,
and in 1891 was re-commissioned by Gover-
nor Keyuolds. He is also the agent of several
large estates in New Castle county. He has
been a trustee of Newark Academy, and for
twelve years a member of the town council,
beginning with it3 organization under it^ pres-
ent charter; he is a director of the National
Bank, of Newark, ilr. Donnell is a member
of Hiram Lodge, No. 25, A. E. and A. M.,
of Newark; Delta Chapter, No. 6, R. A. M.
and St. John's Commandery, No. 1, Knights
Templar, of Wilmington; and of the !Masoiiic
grand lodge of Delaware, in which he is a
past Junior Grand Warden. He is a Demo-
crat, but has never sought office.

On Octok-r 8, 1873, Samuel M. Donnell
was married to Mary P., daughter of Levi
and Sarah C. Cooch, bom at Cooch's Bridge,
New Castle county, Del. Mrs. Donnell is a
lady of culture, and she and her husband are
very popular. They are members of the
Presbyterian church; Mr. Donnell is a trus-
tee of the congregation.

The Cooch family is one of the oldest in
the state. Its pioneer settler in Delaware,
Thomas Cooch, was a native of the southern
part of England, who came to Delaware in
1740, and settled in Pencader hundred on the
farm now known as Cooch's Bridge, and built
the stone dwelling now occupied by J. Wil-
kins Cooch. Thomas Cooch was a farmer and
miller; he was an ofiicer in the French and
Indian War, and one of the commissioners to
raise troops and supplies for that war. He
was also a member of the Lay Judiciary of
New Castle county, which held its meetings
at New Castle. Thomas Cooch was elected
to a colonelcy in the Continental amiy, for
the Revolutionary War, but was then too far
advanced in yoai-s for active service; he died
in 1788. Thomas Cooch was married in

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STATE OF DELAWARE

CGI

England to Sarah Lowen, a native of Middle-
sex, England; she died in Peneader hundred.
They liad a son, Thomas, "i, wiio mar-
ried, first, Sarah Ciriffith, and had eliildren,
William and Elizabeth, and secondly Sarah
AVelch, by whom he had two sons, i. Thomas,
ii. Francis L. The family were connected
with the Welsh Tract Baptist church, of New
Castle county, Del.

William Cooch, son of Thomas 2, and Sarah
(Gritlith) Cooch, resided at Cooch's Bridge,
and was a farmer and miller. lie was nine-
teen years old at the beginning of the devolu-
tion, lie was obliged, with his family, to
leave their home during the battle of Cooch'a
Bridge, and took refuge on a privateer, which
was captured and taken to England. There
he was held as a prisoner during the war, and
after its close retiirned to his homo-, and re-
sumed work at the mill and on the farm.
He Avas a member of the State Legislature,
and one of the incorporators of the Delaware
and Chesapeake Canal, also of Delaware Col-
lege, lie died in 1834:. William Cooch mar-
ried ilargaret Ilollingsworth, of Elkton, "Md.,
and had children: I. Zcbnlon; II. Levi G.;
III. William, 2.

Levi Griffith Cooch, second son of William
and ^[argaret (Ilollingsworth) Cooch, was
born on the homestead, and was all his life
a farmer. He was for many years a member
of the State Legislature; his politics Avere
Democratic. He died on the farm. Levi G.
Cooch married Sarah C. Wilkins, who now
resides at Newark, Del. Their children are:
I. J. Wilkins; II. Helen C., widow of Rev.
George Porter; III. William Stockman; IV.
Zebulon Ilollingsworth, of Boston, ilass. ; V.
ilary B. (Mi-s. Samuel M. Donnell).

J. Wilkins Cooch, Mrs. Donnell's eldest
brother, is one of the best known and most
respected citizens of the count}'. He oc-
cupies the homestead, which he has cultivated
all his life. He is prominent as a Democrat;
was elected in 1878 to the State Legislature,
and was register of wills for New Castle
coimty for five years, lie is a member of
the F. and A. M. J. Wilkins Cooch married
Mary E. Webb; their children are: 1. Caro-
line (Mrs. AVilliam S. Srhulfield); II. Fran-
cis A.; TIL Edward W.; IV. Levi II. Mr.
J. W. Cooch is a member of the Glasgow
Presbyterian church.

ALBERT N. RAUB, Ph. D., LL. D.,

Del., late president of Delaware College, was
Un-n in the village of Leesburg, now Mar-
tinsville, Lancaster county. Pa., ^larch 28,
1840. His early educational advantages were
such only as were aiforded by the rural pub-
lic schools; but at the age of sixteen, he
started out in life for himself, entering the
Normal School at ^lillereville, Pa., as a stud-
ent. That institution was then a local
normal school, under the principalship of the
Hon. James P. Wickersham, later State
Superintendent of Public Instruction of
Pennsylvania; it became a state institution
on December 2, 1850. Mr. Raub graduated
in the scientific course as one of the leading
members of the fii-st class of the State Normal
School in the summer of 1 8G0, receiving his
fii-st degree, that of B. S., at the age of
twenty.

Soon after his graduation, he was made
principal of the Bedford, Pa., Union School,
from which position he was called a year later,
to act as ])rinci])al of the public schools of
Cressona, Schuylkill County, Pa. He re-
mained in this ixisition three yeai-s, and was
then called to the borough of Ashland, in the
same county, to re-organize the schools, and
act as town superintendent. Here he
systematized the whole work of the public
schools, and put them upon a working basis
so efficient as continually to produce excel-
lent results. In addition to his school work
at Ashland, Mr. Raub acted as educational
editor of the Pottsville Standard for several
years. On the fii-st of April, 18CG, he be-
came Professor of English literature, Rhe-
toric and English Grammar in the Keystone
State Normal School at Kutztown, Pa., and
hold the position until the fall of 1SG8, when
he accepted the principalship of the Lock
Haven, Pa.,., high school, with the view of
establishing a state normal school at that
point. In 18G9, having been made local
superintendent, Mr. Raub re-organized the
public schools of Lock Haven, and was made
city s\ipcrintendent. In the sununer of 1870,
he was elected president of the Pennsylvania
St:ite Teachers' Association, and presided over
the sessions of that body at its annual con-
vention, held in Williamsport in July, 1871.
In the summer of that year, Prof. Raub was
a]ipoiutcd county superiutendcut of schools
fur Clinton county, by State Superintendent

\ <:;

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662

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

AVickersliain; but in the spring of 1872, he
wad recalled to act as city superintendent of
Lock Haven for a term of three yeai-s. When
the State Normal School at Lock Haven, Pa.,
\vas ebtalilished in 1877, Prof. Ivaub, who had
been chietiy instrumental in founding the
school, was made its first principal. He held
the position for seven ycare, during \\hich
•time he built the school up from nothing to
one of the most prosperous institutions of itd
kind in the country. During those seven
years, three hundred and si.xteeu students
were graduated, a numerical result higher
than had ever been attainwl by any similar
school in the state.

In 188-1, Dr. Raub severed his connection
with the State Xoruud School at Lock Haven,
and spent a year in revising his many text-
books, and in writing others. At the end of
the 3'ear, he was called to the priiicipakhip
of the Academy of Newark, Del., an insti-
tution chartered by the Penns in 17G7, and
one of the oldest educational institutions in
the country. His work and his success in the
academj' were so satisfactory that in 1889 he
was clecte<l to the presidency of Delaware
College, in the same town, a position which
lie held until July, 1S9G. During his in-
cumbency the number of college buildings
was increased from one to six, and
the number of students from sixteen to
iiinety. One of his first efforts as president
was to have the courses of study so re-
modeled as to afford a gTeater variety to the
student in the selection of subjects. The
college was also fully equipped with mcKlern
apparatus, and improved in the scientific de-
partuu'uts; and these advantages, together
with the wider choice in elective studies, were
no diiubt largely instrtimental in securing an
increased number of students. On President
Raub's recommendation also, in the early jiart
of his administration, the trustees adopted the
policy of granting free tuition to all students
from Delaware; a policy which has contri-
buted materially to the success of the college.
Dr. Paub resigned the presidency of Delaware
College, July 1, 1800, and has sini^c devoted
his time to authorship and the publicatinn
of books. Beginning with 18G5, Dr. Paul)
was for thirty yeai"s continuously a teacher
of teachers. During this time, he attended
county teachers' institutes as lecturer and in-
structor in Pennsvlvania and other stales, giv-

ing annually from five to eight weeks of \\h
time to this work, and deli\'ering each session
from thirty to fifty lectures.

Dr. Paub began hi.s work as an author in
18(11, when he pulilislied a primary and an ad-
vanced speller. In 1801), he added a work
entitled Plain Educnliunal Talks with
Teachei'S and Parents. In 1877, he published
a series of Arithmetics; in 1878, a series of
Peaders; and in 1880, two works on the
English language, entitled respectively Les-
sons in Enylislt and .1 Practical English
Grammar. AW of these books have lx;en
regularly issued by book publishers. Later,
Dr. Paub wrote and ptiblished on his own
responsibility, under the firm name of Paub
i: Co., the following: School Management;
and Studies in EnylisJi and American Litera-
ture in 1882; Methods of Teaching in 1883;
Grammatical Analysis hi/ Diagram in 1885;
Practical Ithetoric, and Punctuation and
Letter-writing, in 1887; Hints and Helps on
English Grammar in 1889; Practical Lan-
guage Work for Beginners in 1895, and Helps
in the Use of Good English in 1897. All of
these books have had an extensive and profit-
able sale, the number of copies disposed of up
to tlio present time being over two millions. A
})rominent teacher who has used Dr. luuib's
books extensively says: '"In comparing the
text books written by Dr. Paub with the ma-
jority of those of the present day, the harsh
critic as well as the luibiascd mind will ac-
knowledge that in two respects at least these
books defy ciunpetition: Fii-st, in their sys-
tematic aiTaugement; and secondly, for their
clearness of rhetorical construction and the
})urity of gramnuitical expression employed
in their treatment of the various subjects."

Dr. Paub was an active teacher from 1857
to 1S9G, a period of thirty-nine years, and
in that profession his success has never been
questioned. A teacher who was for years
associated with him in his work writes as fol-
lows: "As a teacher in the class-room, Dr.
Paub's manner and methods compare favor-
ably with those of Agassiz. A prominent
point of similarity, and one often commented
tipoii, is his lack of egotism. The modesty
which prompted Agassiz' request that the
Word Teaclier shoidd be the only inscription
on his tombstone is equally characteristic of
Dr. Paub in his daily intercourse with his
]mpils; and so apparent is its infiucnce that

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STATE OF DELAWARE

CO 3

they not only delight to speak of it as an
estimable quality, but they also endeavor
constantly to emulate his worthy example.

"Dr. Tlaub always descends to the level of
his pupils' ability, and leads them up tlio
educational ladder, round by round, until they
are able for themselves to enjoy the heights
ho has already scaled. It is ditficult to put
into words the peculiar power exerted by l)r.
Raub in the matter of discipline. It migiit
be considered ])arado.\ical to say that liLs dis-
cipline is the absence of discipline. But, for
a solution of this apparent inconsistency, we
have but to add that he makes no display of
governing, offei-s no threat, imposes no un-
neces,sary penalties; his presence alone is
sufficient to insure order and attention.
Principles of manly self-respect are instilled,
habits of order and industry are acquired, and
the student reaches that perfection of disci-
pline where he unconsciously disciplines him-
self. Dr. Raub's theories of discipline are
based on the gratifying results of daily ex-
perience."

Dr. Ivaub has been highly honored by a
number of colleges. In addition to the degrees
of B. S. and M. S., conferred in course by
his Alnui Mater, Princeton College con-
ferred on him the degree of A. ]\[. in 18G0;
Lafayette College the degree of Ph. D. in
1870, and I^rsinus College the degree of
LL. D. inl895.

Since Dr. Paub's resignation from the
presidency of Delaware College, the most of
his time has been devoted to the writing of
books, many of them yet in manuscript form,
and to the work of editing and publishing the
Educational Neu>s, a weekly educational
journal which he established in Januai-y,
1885, and whose circulation extends thruugh-
out the United States.

Dr. Albert N. Paub was married in 18G1
to ^liss M. Jennie Lovett, who died in 1875.
Of their children, Edgar L. Paub, if. S.,
is a teacher in the city of P>oston; Albert II.
Paul), A. iL, is principal of a school in Phila-
deljihia; Mary M. is the wife of Charles B.
Evans, Esc}., an attorney living in Newark,
Del. ; ind Laura J. Paub and M. Jennie Paub
are members of the home family at Newark.
After the death of his fii-st wife. Dr. Paub
married 'Mrs. Lydia M. (Chamborlin) Bridg-
nuin, whose daughter, Gertrude M. I'.ridg-
nnin, is also a member of the home fauiiK'.

(lEOPOE ABPAM IIAPTER, M. A.,
Ph. 1)., Newark, New Castle county, Del.,
son of Peter K. and Mary (Poe) JIarter, was
born at Ix;itersburg, AVashington county, Md.,
November 7, 1853.

The Ilarter family, one of the oldest of
Washington county, j\[d., is of (lennan des-
cent. I^eter K. Ilarter, father of (Jeorge A.
Ilarter, was born in AVashing-ton county, Md.,
where he was a successful farmer, and an ex-
tensive land owner. Peter Ilarter was mar-
ried, in 1851, to ]\!ary Poe, who was a
descendant of one of the old English families
of AVashington county, j\Id. Of their six
children, three died in childhood; those
surviving are: I. Cieorge A.; IT. James P.,
ex-postmaster of IIag•el•sto^^^l, Md., now sec-
retary and general manager of the National
Building and Loan Association of AVashington
cotnity, ^Id., resides at nagei-stown, Md.,
married to Alice, daughter of Jacob and
Amelia C. (Smith) Ileyser, of Chambersburg,
Pa., has three children, i. ilary Amelia, ii.
James Poo, iii. Alice Ileyser; III. Kathe-
rine, manned Edward AVhite, a farmer near
Leitersburg, AVashing-ton comity, ^Id. Mr.
Ilarter and his wife were members of the
Lutheran church. Mk. Ilarter died at the
homestead May 3, 18'J0, aged seventy. ^Ir.
Ilarter died at the home of his daughter, Mrs.
Edward. AVhite, December 30, ISOI, aged
sixty-nine.

(Jeorge A. Ilarter attended the public
schools of AVashington county, Md., and pre-
pared for college at the National Normal
School, Ix'banon, Oh'io, under Prof. Holbrook.
In 1873 he entered St. John's College, Annap-
olis, ild., gradmiting in 1S77 with the degr>ie
of I>. A. In 187!l, after two years' posl;gTaduate
course, he received the degree of AE A., and
was appointed teacher of Latin and mathema-
tics in his Alma ^Tater. In 1881 he resigned
his jKtsition to accept the principalship of the
high school at llagei-stown, ild. In 1885
Dr. Ilarter was apj)ointed professor of mathe-
matics and modern languages in Delaware
College, a position which ho held until 1888,
when lie accc]ited the chair of mathematics
and physics. In 1S9G, Dr. Ilarter was elect-
ed president of Delaware College, to succeed
Dr. A. N. ]?aul). lie is ex-f)fficio a member
of the State Board of Education, which was
organized in 1808. Dr. Ilarter was from
bovhood a close student, and an omnivorous

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G64

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

reader. His mind is clear, stronfr, active, and
peculiarly well proportioned. lie is not only
a thorough inatheniatician, and a coiistiiut
student of the foremost nuithematical journals
of his own and foreij;ii countries, hut an eili-
cient instructor in Laiin, (ireek, Cierman, Old
English, and literature. Dr. llarter has not
identified himself with any political party but
is liberal in his views, esteeming men and
measures above party considerations. lie is
a man of culture and fine scholarship, a mem-
ber of the University Club of Philadeli)liia,
Pa.

George A. llarter was married at Anna-
polis, Md., in ISSii, to Ellen S., daughter of
the Pev. J. J. Graff, a minister of the Pres-
byterian church, then librarian of the Naval
Academy, at Annapolis, ^Id., since deceased.
Their only child, Elinor T. is under her
mother's instruction. Dr. llarter is a member
and a vestryman of the Protestant EpiscojWl
church. He is also a member of the Church
Club, of Delaware. Di-. llarter and his wife
are favorites among the students of the col-
lege and in the social circles of Newark.

WILLIAM IIENIIY SMITH, Newark,
Del., was born near Chesterville, Chester
county, Pa., son of William and Mary (De-
Haveu) Smith.

His paternal grandfatlier, John Smith, a
farmer and weaver, was bom in Irelaml in
1709, died in 1854; he married lsal>ella

, born in Ireland, 1769, died in

1843; John Smith was a Presbyterian, and
afterwards a member oftlie ]\I. E. church;
he and his wife emigrated to America. Their
son, William Smith, was born in Chester
county, Pa., in 1797, died suddenly, of heart
failure, September 23, 1SG3; he was a
farmer, a Democrat in jwlitics, and a mem-
ber of the ^lethodist church. William Smith
man'ied Mary L^ellaven, born in ^lay, 1800,
in Chester county, Pa.; also a ilethodist.
Their children are: I. John D., man-ied
Anna E. Garrett; II. Sarah A. (:\Irs. Pobert
^Montgomery); III. George I., mairied Annie
E. Ped.lel; IV. jAlary J. (Mrs. AVilliam
AiTistrong); V. William Henry; VI. Jacob
Ix., married Emma Ratcliff; VIT. James P.,
married Emily Henderson; VIII. Samuel
D., married ilattie J. Singles; IX. Lizzie
(ilrs. J. Westly Kennedy).

William Henry Smith, teacher and fanner,

had served the public as justice of the peace,
postmaster, notary public and census enumera-
tor, as inspector of elections and school com-
missioner. A\'hcn drafted for army service
in 18G3, he provided as substitute John K.
Elliott, a (\aiuulian, at a cost of $325. Ho
is a Eree Mason. William Henry Smith was
married in Philadelphia, Eebruaiy 15, 1871,
to Maiy Emma, daughter of Ezra and ilary
Thomi>son, of Chester county. Pa., where
she was bom in 1845; originally a Friend,
]\Ii-s. Smith has become a member of the
Methodist churcli. Their children are: I.
Willard Tliompson, appointed su})orintendent
of public schools for New Castle county, Del.,
by Governor Watson, re-appointed the third
time by Governor Timnell, serving his fourth
year; II. Lawrence De Haven; III. ]\[ary
Miller; IV. William Henry, Jr.; V. Aman-
da M.

The children of Mr. and Mi-s. Ezra Thomp-
son are: I. ililler; II. Eli; III. Sarah Jane;
IV. Lewis, man-ied Auumda P)eason; V.
Piachel A.; VI. Mary E. (ilrs. William H.
Smith); VII. Lizzie; VIII. Ezra, married
Lizzie Blackwell.

To these brief particulars we subjoin an in-
teresting sketch, furnished by ^Ir. William
H. Smith.

In the latter part of last century, and
the closing days of September, an emigrant
ship sailed up the Delaware river and cast
anchor at New Castle, then the "Castle
Garden" of the country. The town beautiful
for situation, on the western shore, nestled in
the outskirts of the then widespread forest,
was inhaljited by a thrifty j>eople, many of
whom gathered at the landing to welcome the
newly aiTived, who, following the western in-
stinct of emigration, had come to seek a new
home on the American shore. Among them
M'as a newly wedded pair, John and Isabella
Smith, the grandparents of William II.
Smith. The husband of brawny ann, steady
step and honest face; the wife, slight in form,
sprightly in movement and intellectual in fea-
tui-e. There were traces of son-ow in their
an.xious faces, for not only had they severed
the ties of the fatherland, but also, during the
tedious vfiyage, had committed to the sea their
child, a bright baby boy, and now, friendless,
liomeless and bereaved, they went they knew
not where. A kindly farmer and justice uf
the peace, Davis Whitten, who lived some

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STATE OF DELAWARE

6G5

twenty miles inland in Pennsylvania, offered
them a home and employment, and being iu-
dustrious and frugal, they became possessed
of a small farm, on which they reared a nu-
merous family, whose labor was divided be-
tween the loom and the plow. Prosix^rity
smiled on the home, and AVilliam, the eldest,
father of the subject of this skefcTi, a robust,
active lad, was apprenticed to a mason, Ivobert
Christy, of Cecil county, Md., and on com-
pleting the trade, began business for himself,
which rapidly increased and gave employment
to many workmen and apprentices; numer-
ous large buildings were erected, and public
contracts were taken for work on the iSTew
Castle and Frenchtown Railroad and the Del-
aware and Chesapeake Canal.

Of fine athletic physique, vivacious and
aggressive, William Smith soon became a
leader in sport as well as in business. On
February 10, 1830, he was appointed adj\i-
taiit of the Chester County Union Volunteer
Battalion, by Governor George Wolf, of
Pennsylvania; the commission is still in the
family. In 1832, in comjiany with a friend,
he visited Ohio to see relatives, and, j^erhaps,
?hase a new home, but not being pleased
with the "back woods," as the West was then
called, he returned and bought a fanu in Del-
aware, near the "ilason and Dixon" line,
known as the Summit or Street farm, to which
he removed his family in October of the same
year, and on which he resided until his de-
mise in 1863, increasing the extent of the
farm from 125 to 300 acres. William Smith,
or as he was more generally called in his own
community, "Pilly Smith," was in some re-
spects a remarkable man, and left his impress
on whatever of dealing or enteii:)rise he under-
took. Quitting the trade after moving to
Delaware, he, with his brother George, se-
c\ired the right to make and sell threshing
machines, clover hullere and corn shellers
throughout the Ea^stern Shore of Maryland,
and continued in the business through the
thirties. But his delight was the farm and
he was in the van of the most progressive
fannei-s of his community. In the latter
"forties" and early "fifties" he was elected,
first as a representative and afterward as a
senator to the Delaware Legislature, seiwing
three tenns, and was appointed by Governor
W. n. Boss as one of his aides, thus acquir-
ing the honorary title of Colonel.

While in the State Seriate, Mr. Smith was
frequently alluded to as "the gentleman from
Pennsylvania," from the fact that hLs resi-
dence and a large part of his farm were em-
braced in the triangular tract of land l>etweeu
the states as shown by the survey of 1840, the
dispute concerning which has been agitated
in later years, leading to the appointment by
the legislatures of both states, of commis-
sionei's, who met in joint commission and re-
surveyed the circular boundary, planting
stones thereon. This survey and the lino
marked have been severely criticised as to
their correctness, and John I. Johnston, whose
farm is situated near the western initial stone,
and whose property had been in Delaware
ever since it was a state, but was put into
Pennsylvania by this survey, refusing to ac-
cept the transfer, was compelled to apply to
the courts of Pennsylvania for protection;
he still maintains his citizenship in Delaware,
and the troublesome line is apparently still im-
settled.

William Smith married ]\rary DelTaven
May 10, 1821, and ten children were the off-
s]jring of the \mion, seven boys and three
girls, all of whom married, and all lived to
see their fiftieth birthday, lea\dng forty
grandchildren. The Dellavens are of French
extraction; one, Peter De Haven, and two
brothel's, Samuel and Jacob, came to this
country in 1G90, and settled in Jlontgomery
county. Pa., at the Gulph, in Upper ilerion
township. They were engaged in vine cul-
ture in France, and brought consideralils
wealth, and in the Bcvolutionary times Avhen
Washington and his army were suffering at
Valley Forge, and provisions, money and
credit were alike scanty, Jacol) Dellaven and
others were appealed to by AVashington and
Bobert !^^orl■is, the financier, in an hour of
dire extremity, and tradition and records alike
attest that Jacob Dellaven nobly loaned the
Continental government $450,000 in gold
and landed securities, besides cattle, prdvi-
sions and grain. Samuel, his brother, an oifi-
cer in the army, also gave financial assistance.
The latter was grandfather of !^^ary Dellaven
Smith, whose father, Jesse Dellaven, re-
moved from l^rontgomery to Chester co\mty
in 1800, and purchascnl, in partnership with
his father Samuel Dellaven, the Wnght
fai-m, known in after years as the Dellaven
Homestead, which was near the John Smith

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666

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

family farm, ilury Dellaven Smith survived
lier liiLsliand some twenty years, and tliey now
lie side by side in a heantifid enclosed family
burial lot in Wesley cemetery, in South Side,
Chester county, and a monument stands a
white sentinel keeping vigils over their resting
place, as well as that of John and Isabella
Smith.

, A\'illiam Henry Smith, fifth in the family
roll, was the third son of AV^illiam and ]\Iary
Smith, and like those that went before, ns
well iTS those that followed, was well drilled
in the family school of obedience and indus-
try, from which no one graduated until a
score of yeai-s were fulfilled. The district
school, with its winter term, was but an ad-
junct; but by these schools and scliO(dmas-
ters his stock of knowledge Wiis increased.
Professor Alexander TeiToll, an eminent
scholar and mathematician, kept a select
school in Ids own house for a score of years;
in him, William II. Smith found a proficient
instructor in the natural sciences and higher
mathematics. The pupil, before he reached
his majority, became a teacher, being employ-
ed at Kose Hill, a district school midway be-
tween Wilmington and New Castle. Here he
continued for six yeai-s, in the fifties. His
attention was divided ])etween the farm and
the school-room until the death of his father,
in 1863, when he settled penuanently on the
Smith homestead. William Henry Smith
married ^lary E. Thompson of C!hester county
of the Friend or Quaker persuasion. His eld-
est boy, Willard Thomi>son, graduated at
. Delaware College with first honor, in the class
of '92, and is now serving the fourth year as
county superintendent of free schools of New
Castle county with acceptance; Lawrence De-
Haven and Wm. II., Jr., are at this writing
students in Delaware College. In 18S8 W.
H. Smith was appointed by Ciovernor Bigg's
justice of the peace at Xewark, ho removed
to that place and served a full term of seven
years. In the fall of 1896 he was ap|>ointed
postmaster in the same town by President
Cleveland.

A younger brother graduated at the Medi-
cal University at Philadelphia in the early
sixties, and taking the ailvice of Greeley, went
M-est and settled in Pequa, Ohio. He ac-
quired a large and lucrative practice, became
eminent as a physician and surgeon, and as
a local minister in the IM. P]. church; h'' die<l

in his fifty-eighth year, much lamented
in the commuiuty. His son, Ernest Smith,
graduated at Delaware College, Ohio, recent-
ly took a coui-se at Johns Hopkins, and is now
])rofessor in the College at Meadville, Pa.
'i'here are two other cuJlegiate gradiuites in
the Smith family, William, of Jacob K.
Smith, and AVilliam, of James P. Suiith.
The Snuth fannly are Democrats in politicd
without an exception, and generally ^lotho-
dist in religious preference. The family
standard had for its ideal, "Neitlier riches
nor poverty," avoiding the snares of the one,
the temptations of the other, they rather seek
a competency and a good name, which are
preferable to great riches and empty honors.
The homestead has always been the scene and
center of domestic enjo^'ment; farm activities,
obedience and industry, the cardinal rules,
and good brains and pure blood and healthy
bodies, in a measure, some of the products
of the farm; these are legacies of more value
than gold or bonds, or stock. Another
distinctive feature and tract in the family
is its frequent family gatherings. There
have been ten weddings; then followed the
tin, the silver and the gold weddings; they
have had them all. The whole course of fam-
ily life has been conducive to keeinng the head
cool and the heart warm.

GEOPGE GILLESPIE EVANS, New-
ark, Del., son of John and Agnes (Gillespie)
Evans, was bom at Newark, June 1, 1815.

His paternal ancestoi-s emigrated to this
country from Wales in tlie early part of the
eighteenth century. The fanuly name is dis-
tinctively Welsh; when found among the
rames of other peoples, it is almost invariably
traceable to Cimbrian ancestry. The first
Welsh colonists, who arrived in this country
in 1082, were Friends, who had bought from
William Penn 5,000 acres of unsurveyed
land, and had been pronnsed a larger tract, ex-
clusively for Welsh settlei-s. In a short time,
they had the first part surveyed of what be-
came knoAvn as the "Welsh Barons," lying
on the west side of the Schuylkill, north of
Philadelphia. The warrant for surveying the
entire tract, which contained 40,000 acres,
was not issued until 1084. There is not the
least doubt that the large proprietary grant
above described gave an impetus to emigra-
tion from Wales, thus tending to enrich the

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'•• (

STATE OF DELAWARE

667

colonies of Pennsj'lvania and Delaware by
the infusion of the blood of an ancient and
hardy race, noted for the most honorable
characteristics. Penn having acquired from
the Duke of York in l(i82 the territory now
constituting the state of Delaware, the upper
part of the state was. colonized before the
year 1710, by many Welsh innuigTants, both
Presby'terians and Paptists. The AVelsh are
peculiarly an agTicultural people, and these
settlei-s, ha\ing left their own country in
order to better their condition, were induced
to take up their residence in Delaware by the
fact that the lands there were at that time bet-
ter adapted to agTiculture, being better
cleared and more fertile, than the Welsh
Barons. The difference in religious persua-
sion between the latter arrivals and the set-
tlei'S on the tract above Philadelphia no doubt
also had its influence in determining the loca-
tion of the former. The tract of land on
which they settled has always been and is«till
known as the "Welsh tract," and eudn-aees
all of Pencader hundred. It may well be
supposed that with a people of religious prin-
ciijles so strong and deeply-rooted as are those
of the Welsh, the organization of congrega-
tions woidd be one of the tiret mattei-s to be
attended to after their arrival in their new
home. Accordingly, we find that the Pen-
cader Presbyterian church, at Glasgow, Del.,
was organized in 1710, and at about the same
time, the Welsh Tract Baptist church, some
two miles distant. Of tlie former congrega-
tion, the ancestoi-s of George G. Evans were
among the earliest members.

On the maternal side, ^Ir. Evans is de-
scended from the Rev. George Gillespie, a
prominent member of the Westminster As-
sembly, whose gi-andson, also known as the
Pev. George Gillespie, and also a minister of
the Scotch Presbyterian church, came to
America in 1712. In the following year, he
aided in the organization of Head of Chris-
tiana church, of which he was the first or-
dained j)astor. This congregation, and the
Xcw Castle Presbytery, enjoyed the presence
and the hap[)y influence of the learned and
]>ious Mr. (iillesjne for almost a half century,
his Connection with them remaining unbroken
until his death in 17CI). His grandson, a
third George Gillespie, was born in 1753 and
died in 1S31, lea^ang eleven children; Agnes,
the third of the fanuly, became the wife ui

John Evans, a descendant of the early Welsh
immigrants above refeiTed to; and these
Avere the parents of George (jillespie Evans.
For thirty-seven years, Mr. Evans, who is
now in the eighty-fourth year of his age, was
engaged as a dealer in general merchandise
in Newark, always taking an active and lead-
ing part in all that related to the inqirovement
of'his native town, as well as that of Delaware
College, of which institution he was secretary
and treasurer for forty years. In 1856, he
manied ]Mary Jtme, daughter of Dr. Samuel
II. Black, Sr.', of Glasgow, Del., of which mar-
riage five daughters and one son, Charles B.
Evans, now survive.

JOHX E. LEWIS, Xewark, Del., son of
Evan and ]\Iary Ann (Esray) Lewis, w-as born
near Haddington, Blockley township, Phila-
delphia county. Pa., August 23, 1823.

The Lewis family is of Welsh ancestry, and
its members were early settlers in this coim-
try. The first to seek homes here were three
brothei-s, who came from Wales nearly two
hundred years ago. One selected Delaware
for liis habitation, another Delaware county.
Pa.; and the third went as far west as York
county. Pa., where William Lewis, grand-
father of John E. Lewis, was born. "When
he had acquired a trade he removed to Block-
ley towaiship, Philadelphia county, ami en-
gaged in business as a tanner and currier.
Thus occupied, he remained there until his
death, wliicli occurred by violence, near bis
tannery, when he was a comparatively young
man. He was a Federalist in politics. \\ d-
liam Lewis married Elizabeth Pnuler, a na-
tive of Philadephia county. They had chil-
dren: I. James J.; IT. Lydia (^Irs. John
Twaddell); III. Evan; IV. Thomas. All are
dead. ]\lrs. Lewis died in Blockley township,
and was bm-ied there by the side of her hus-
band.

Evan Lewis, father of John E. Lewis, was
born in York, Pa., August 19, 1798, and re-
ceived a liberal education in sui)3cription
schools. When oidy eight yeai-s old he was
''bound out" to Joseph George, a tanner and
fanner at Overbrook, Pa. There he worked
eight years, receiving for his labor only his
clothing and boarding. When he was six-
teen he apprenticed himself to Samuel Jones,
on the Lancaster Turnpike, Philadelphia
county, to learn carpentry, and remained with

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«68

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

him for five years, after which he workfJ as
a joiinieyiuan for some time. lie was
a skilled carpenter, and thrifty, and wa?; foun
able to establish liimself as a contractor and
builder in Bleckley townshiji. He erected
many buildinos, and was a successful business
man. In 1854 he removed to Cecil county,
!Md., purchased two hundred acres of laud,
Icnown as the Ford tract, on Sassafras Neck,
which he cultivated until 1875; he then dis-
posed of his farm, and went to Newark to re-
side with his son, John E. Jlr. Lewis ■ivas
■widely known and respected. lie was origi-
nally a Whig, but after the passing away of
that party, voted with the Republicans, lie
was never in any sense an office-seeker. On
October 30, 1820, in Blockley township, Evan
Lewis married ifary Ann, daughter of dohn
and Rebecca Esray, born in 1801 in Block-
ley township. They had children: I. John
E., born August 23, 1823; II. James J., re-
tired, of Philadelphia, bom March 4, lS2(i;
III. Elizabeth A. rilrs. Richard Aiken),
widow, bom August 31, 18 — ; IV. Rebecca,
born October 18, 1820, died ifay 9, 1831:
V. William Wesley, born ilay 9," 1835, died
in infancy; VI. Hannah A. (Mre. James J.
Robinson), of New Oastle hundred, Del., born
March 14, 1840; A^II. Emma (Mi-s. Wil-
liam ]\[organ), of Wilmington, Del., lorn
July 20, 1847. :Mr. Lewis died in Newaik,
November 28, 1892; his wife died at Sassa-
fras Neck, in June, 18G5. Both were nuMu-
bers of the if. E. church and were interred
in the if. E. burial ground at Newark.

John E. Lewis had very limited opportuni-
ties to acquire an edm^ation. He attended
subscription schools at Blockley township for
a few years, but when only nine years old, he
began to assist his father in driving teauii,
and until 1854, was chiefly engaged in pilot-
ing heavy wagons in Pennsylvania, New Jer-
sey and Delaware. For a few years Mr. I^wis,
besides teaming, was engaged in farming.
Fii-st, in 1850, on the farm of Abraham G.
Hunt, Ivingsessing, Philadelphia county, Pa.,
where he )infoi'tunately lost all of his earthly
possessions in a heavy flood. The three years
following, lie superintended a fann near
Frankford, belonging to Oornelius Baker &
Co. Wlien the railroads had made teaming
nnprofitalile, he devdted his entire attention

to farming. In 1854 he took charge of his
father's farm on Sassafras Neck, First Dis-
trict, Cecil county, Md. In 1856 he removed
to Kent county, Md., and in 18G1 returned
to his father's farm, where he remained until
18G8. In that year he leased from William
Dean a traitt in White Clay C'reek hundred,
New Castle county, and was there engaged in
farming and the dairy business until 1873.
Ill health made it necessary for him to relin-
quish the farm, and he removed to Newark,
where he lived fur a year without any occu-
pation. In 1874 he leased the Deer Park
Hotel from Colonel Joshua Clayton, and sev-
eral yeai-s later purchased it. For twenty-
two years he conducted that hostelry with suc-
cess, and then sold the place to Mil-
ton Steele. Since 189G he has lived retired
in Newark, undisturbed by any business cares
except the management of a farm in White
Clay Creek hundred, l^^r. Lewis was a geuial
and popular landlord. He has always been
exceedingly temperate in his habits, never
touching tobacco in any fonu, nor tasting in-
toxicating liquors. He was fonnerly a mem-
ber of the I. O. O. F., but is not now con-
nected with any secret society. Mr. Lewis
was in early days a Whig, but has been a
Democrat since 18G0, giving that party his
warm support. While active in politics, he
never aspired to an office.

On October 30, 1845, in Delaware county,
Pa., John E. Lewis married ilary Elizabeth,
daughter of John and Rebecca (Reid) Ruth-
ven, of the vicinity of Darby, Pa. They had
children: I. Evan W., hotel proprietor at
Kimbleville, Pa., bom September 2, 1S4G,
married Annie Brown, had five children, four
of whom are living; II. Charles R. E., farmer
of Pencader hundred, born January 14,
1849, married Katherine ]\[oore; III. Re-
becca Jay (ilrs. Howard Gilpin), of Wilming-
ton, bom April 17, 1851; IV. Mary E., born
November 19, 1853, died January 7, 1855;
V. Kate Adela (ilrs. Hugh B. Wright), of
Newark, born April 20, 1857; VI. John C.
Sutton, born Februarv 17, 18G1, dieil May
27, ISGl; VII. Ella IL (Mre. (Jeorge Ben-
nett), of Elkton, Md., born October 9, 18G4;
VIII. :Maud L., born July 8, 1871, died Jan-
uary 31, 1872. l\rr. and j\rrs. Lewis attend
the ]\L E. church.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

66^

John Ruthven, father of ilrs. Jolni E.
Lewis, was of Scotch-Irish descent, and a na-
tive of Delaware county, Pa. He married
Rebecca Keid, of New Jersey. They had
ek»ven chihh'cn.

HON. JOHN PILLING, Newark, Del.,
son of Richard and Susan (Bradshaw) Pilling,
was born at Atlu'rton, Lancashire, England,
March G, 1830.

Richard Pilling was a native of England,
and there learned to weave silk by hand. He
followed that occupation until 1841, when,
with his wife and children, he sailed from Liv-
erpool on the Sheffield for America. In twen-
ty-eight days the passage across the Atlan-
tic was made, and Mr. Pilling and his family
landed in New York City. They went from
that port to Philadelphia and soon afterward
to Delaware county, Pa., M'here he secured
employment as a weaver. In 1848 he came
to Newark, Del., and worked for many years
in the woolen mill of Joseph Dean <k Sou.
In the latter part of his life, he retired from
active labor, but continued to reside in New-
ark. He was a Democrat ixntil the Civil War,
when he became a member of the Republican
party, but never was an office seeker. Rich-
ard Pilling married, in England, Susan Brad-
shaw, a native of Lancashire. Those of their
children who lived to mature age are: I. ]\Iary
(Mre. Ezekiel Barber), of Philadelphia,
widow; II. John; HI. Thomas, wool manu-
facturer, of ^fill Creek hundred, New Cas-
tle county, Del.; IV. Ann (Mi-s. Enos Wood),
deceased; Y. William, deceased. Richard
Pilling died in Newark, April 28, 1889;
!Mrs. Pilling died in Newark, Januaiy 1,
1802; both were buried in the M. E. church-
yard in Newark.

John Pilling attended school in Lancashire,
England, until he was seven years old. Then
he was compelled to leave the school-room
and begin manual labor, forced to such action
by the stern necessity of helping to pro-
vide for the family's wants. When he was
eleven years old he came to America with his
parents. He procured cmploTOient in Phila-
delphia and Delaware county mills, for which
he received two dollars per week. In 1848
he came to Delaware, and was engaged in
Dean's woolen mill for twdve years. His first
remuneration there M'as four dollars per week.

In 1861 he became asociated with William
Dean as a partner in his woolen mill and con-
tinued as such until 1883. During much of
this time two hundred and fifty pei-sons were-
employed in the mill. In 1883 he retired
from the finu and operated tlie Kiamensi
mills, in Mill Creek hundred. In 1895 Mr.
Pilling was forced to relinquish business be-
cause of ill health, and he sold his
mills to his brother, Thomas Pilling, who is
still in control of them. Since tlien, Mr. Pil-
ling has lived retired, in one of the hand-
somest mansions in Newark.

John Pilling has been very active, and haa
held responsible offices in the domains of
finance and politics. In 1871 he was elected a
director of the National Bank of New-
ark, and after serving twenty years as such,
was chosen president. This high trust he has
fulfilled to the satisfaction of both stockhold-
ei-s and depositoi-s. His political career has
been notable. In 18G6 he was elected as a
Republican, by a good majority, to the lower
hoiise of the state legislature, being again re-
turned in 1880, and served on several import-
ant committees in that body. In 1890 he was
elected to the state senate, of which he was
a member for four years. During his term,
he originated and introduced the bill provid-
ing for the revision of the State Constitution.
Laboring zealously for the success of his bill,
lie won supjiorters for it from both branches of
the leg-ishiture. In consequence of his ef-
forts, tlie bill was adopted by a fair majority,
and Delaware has been appreciably benefited.
John Pilling is a self made man, in the
strictest interpretation of the term. By hard
study he acquired the knowledge that was
denied him in his early youth. By long
association with workingmen as one of their
number, he became a quick and accurate judge
of character and this stood him in good stead
when he became an employer of labor. There
never was a "strike" in his mills, and every
position was filled by the best man for its
duties. He is, in addition, genial and coiirte-
ons, and is univei-sally respected, as well as
pcipular. ]\rr. Pilling is a member and past
master of Hiram Lodge, No. 25, A. F. and A.
]\r., of Newark. Until the T'ivil War he was
a Democrat. Since then he has been an earn-
est Republican.

On September 4, 1851, in Frankford, Pa.,

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'I .,1

670

BIOOEAPIHCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

John Pilling Avas nian-ied to Elizalietii E.
Kelley, of Chester county, Pa. They liad
chihlren: I. Isabello (]\irs. S. J. Wriglit),
of Newark; II. Susanna E. (Mrs. John Spen-
cer), of Newark; III. John, Jr. Two others
are deceased, William, wlio died in infancy,
and Ivate, who died aged seventeen. i\lrd.
Elizahetli B. Pilling died in Newark, Deccni-
Uer 21, 1873, and was buried in the i\l. E.
graveyard of tliat place.

John Pilling niarrieil, as his second wife,
Octolier 4, 1877, Ellen (Bayne) Glenn, Ijorn
in Philadelphia, daughter of Nathan Bayne
and widow of William Glenn. ]\[rs. Pilling
had one child by her first mamage, AVilliani
Glenn, deceased. jMi-s. Ellen Pilling died Au-
gust 30, 189G. She was buried in the Head
of Christiana churchyard, of New Castle
County, IJel.

John Pilling, Jr., was bom in Newark, Sep-
tember 11, 1865. lie attended a select school
there under ^liss Chamberlain, and also New-
ark Academy under Pev. J, L. Polk. In
ISSO he entered Delaware College and com-
pleted a three years' coui-se there. Then he
■went into his father's woolen mills and worked
there until 1895, when he purchased the coal
and lumber yards of S. J. Wright, and has ■
since conducted the business. lie is a Pe-
publican. On Deceml)cr 17, 1891, John Pil-
ling, Jr., manied Hannah II., daughter of
Joel Thompson, ex-president of the National
Bank of Newark. !Mrs. Pilling was bom in
Whte Glaj' Creek hundred. New Castle coun-
ty. They have children: I. Comelia Gilles-
pie; II. Ellen Bayne. Mr. and Airs. Pilling
are niend)ei's of the Society of Friends.

JAMES DAVID JAQITETTE, Newark,
New Castle county, Del., son of James and
Catherine (Douglass) Jaqnette, was bom in
]\Iill Creek hundred, New Castle connty, Del.,
in ISGC.

The Jaquette family, one of the oldest and
most respected of New Castle county, is of
French lineage. James Jaq\iette, fanner,
grandfather of James D. Jaquette, was born
in 1777, in New Castle county, Del., where
his whole life was spent in the cidtivation
of the soil. He was married to Catherine
Kennett. lie was a inendjer of the Presby-
terian church, a good citizen, respected and
esteemed in the county. Air. Jaquette- died at
Ids homo in Mill Creek hundred, in 1815. llis

son, James Jaquette, 2, born in January,
1811, was a farmer of Alill Creek hundred,
lie was a man of education and of business
ability, interested in public alfairs, and an
active worker in the Pepublican party. James
Ja(iuetto was married to Catiierine, daughter
of David and Catiierine Douglass, who
was born in Pennsylvania, in 1825. Mr.
Ja(iuette and his wife were consistent mem-
bers of the Presbyterian church. He died at
his liome in Alill Creek hundred, July 7,
1885; his widow died in 1890.

James David Jaquette attended private pre-
paratory schools, and after his graduation
from Delaware College, devoted his life to
teaching. Thorough preparation and an en-
thusiastic love for his ])rofession have com-
bined to make him a successful instmctor.
He was for some time princi[)al of the public
sch(X)ls of Rockland, New Castle county, T)e\.,
and afterwards occupied a similar position
in Newport, in the same county. In 189t),
Air. Jaqnette was elected principal of thii
Newark Academy. Under his wise and lib-
eral management the academy has grown in
every respect. The attendance has increased
one hundred per cent.; his scholai-ship and ex-
perience have enabled him to elevate the lit-
erary standing of the institution, and his cour-
tesy and attractive personality have won many
friends for it and for himself. Mr. Jaquette
is interested in the public affairs of the coun-
ty; and is a member of the Knights of
Pythias, of Newark. His church membership
is in the A[. E. church.

SAAIUEL J. AVPICaiT, Newark, New
Castle county, Del., son of Sanniel B. and
Alary Eliza (Jervis) AVright, was born in
Newark, Del., October 29, 1851.

Among the names of old and honorable
families wdio settletl the Eastern Shores of
Afaryland, is found that of AVright. Mr.
AVright's great-grandfather, the founder of
the American branch of the family, was of
Scotch-Irish descent, and was bom and edti-
cated in Ireland. Soon after his marriage.
Air. Wright eniigTated to America and settled
on a farm in Cecil county. Aid., where he
spent the remainder of his life, devoting his
time to the culti\'ation of the soil. He was
interested in ])ul)lic affairs, and was a member
of the Democi'atic party. Air. AVright died
at his home in Cecil county , Aid., and is

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STATE OF DE LAW Alii:

G71

buried in Sharp's cemetery. His son, Sam-
uel, grandfatlier of Sanaiel J. Wriglit, was
born on the vessel durini;- his parents' voyage
to their new home. His life was spent on
his farm in (.'eeil county, ^Id. lie was a
prominent Democrat, actively interested in
the ail'aii-s of the county, a man of inte^-rity
and ability. Samuel Wrijiht was married in
Cecil' county, ild., to Elizabeth, dau<:,-hter of
Benoni Williams, a hotel keeper of Cecil coun-
ty, ild., where ill's. Wright was born. Their
children are: I. John, deceased; II. Rachel
Ann (ili-s. Cushen 13. Anderson), of Cecil
county, Md.; III. Martha (Mrs. John D. Mib
ler); IV. Elizabeth Jane (ili-s. William Tag-
gart), of Wilnung-ton, Del.; V. Samuel 1».
ifr. Wright died at his home in Cecil county,
Md., in ilay, 1826. His death, which was
caused by the bursting of a blood vessel, was
very sudden; he is buried in the old Sharp
cemetery, in Cecil county, Md. Ilis widow
married Jeremiah Steel. Their children are:
I. Sarah; II. ilary Ellen; III. William Ed-
mond; IV. David; V. ilay (ilrs. John Kings-
ton). All are now dead. Mi-s. Steel died in
Eoxboro, Pa.

:Mr. Wright's father, Samuel B. Wright,
was born near Elkton, in the third district,
Cecil county, Md., July lo, 182G, two months
after his father's death. He attended school
in Cecil county, ilr. AVright remained at
home until he was sixteen, when he was ap-
prenticed to his uncle, William Williams, .1
blacksmith of Cecil county, ild., witii whom
he worked until he attained his majority, and
until the spring of 18-19, when he removed
to Chester county. Pa., where he found eni-
jiloyment as a journeyman blacksmith for
three months. He afterwards went to New-
ark, Del., and after working for nine months
as a journeyman with James ilcDowell,
bought out his employer's interest in the shop,
and began business for himself. Jlr. Wright's
conscientious worknumship and knowledge of
business were soon recognized, and his foi'ga
was never without orders. After building up
a large and profitable trade, he determined
to change his occupation; and in Decendier,
18(;0, sold the smithy and opened a general
store. In 1873, having accumulated a small
capital, Mr. Wright and his sou, Samuel J.
AVright began dealing in coal and hnnber.
The finn wa.s very successful, and the part-
nership continued until 18!)5, when .Mr.

Wright sold his interest and retired from
business. He is, however, fully occupied with
the care of his various properties. He has
built a beautiful and comfurtahle dwelling
in Xewark, Del., where he enjoys that ease
and rest from financial care which are the
rewanl of his industr)' and frugality, ifr.
AVright is observant, well-read and intelligent;
he has given freely to his children those edu-
cational a<lvantages which were denied to
himself. He has also done his utmost to ad-
vance the interests of education in the com-
munity, and has been an ethcient member of
the board of school commissioners. Mr.
AVright was a Democrat, but voted for Abra-
ham Lincoln, and has since been a stanch sup-
porter of the ricpublican ticket. He has filled
various local offices, and was for some time
a member of the town council of Newark.
Samuel B. AVright was married in Cecil
county, Md., January 20, 1851, to Mary
Eliza, daughter of Francis and Maria (Beard)
Jervis. Mi-s. AVright's parents were descend-
ants of old and res])ected families of Cecil
county, ]\Id., where their daughter was born.
Her father was a blacksmith. The children of
Samuel B. and .Mary Eliza (Jervis) Wright
are: I. Samuel J.; 11. Maiy E., married An-
drew Fisher, shipping clerk of the American
Hard Fiber Mill, at Newark, Del., had one
child who died in infancy; III. Hugh B.,
hardware merchant, Newark, Del.; lA^. Cath-
erine Brown, married II. S. Goldey, of
Goldey's Business College, AVilminglon, Del.;
A"". Caroline Clark, at home. ]\Ir. AVright
and family are mend)ers of the M. E. church.
Mrs. AVright is an intelligent, well-educated
lady, an earnest and efhcient worker in the
church.

Samuel J. AVriglit attended the public
schools of Newark, Del., and completed his
course at Newark Academy, under Professor
E. I). Porter. After leaving school, Mr.
AVright studied in the office of E. AV. Haines,
a well-known dentist, at Newark, Del., and at
nineteen was qualified to practice his pro-
fission, but on account of his youth was un-
able to obtain his diploma. Air. AVright was
enii)loye<l as clerk in his father's store until
187"), when his father formed a partnership
with him under the finn name of S. B. Wright
& Son, dealers in coal and lumber. This
partnei-ship lasted for twenty yeai-s, Mr. Sam-
uel J. AVright having the entire management

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672

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

of the financial interests of tlie firm. His
energy, good judgment and enterprise enabled
him to build up an extensive and profitable
business. Jlr. Wright was the founder of the
American Hard Fiber Company. In ISDi
he and several capitalists formed the com-
pany of which lie was made vice-president
_imd general manager. lie is a large stock-
holder and a member of the board of direc-
tors. He is also vieopresident and general
manager of the American Machine (Company,
one of the manufacturies of Newark. ^Ir.
AV right is an able financier. He has built up
an extensive and lucrative business and has
managed the affairs of the company with skill
and prudence, filling his responsible position
to the entire satisfaction of the stock-holders
and patrons. His genial, pleasant manner
makes him a favorite in all circles, and his
intelligence, integrity and ability command
the respect and confidence of the community.
!Mr. Wright is a stanch Republican, inter-
ested in all tlu; affairs of the district, but has
never sought J)olitical lionor. His fellow-
citizens, however, recognizing him as a thor-
oughly practical business man, have given him
a seat in the town council.

Samuel J. Wright was man-ied in Newark,
Del., in 1880, to Isabella, daughter of Hon.
John Pilling, ex-senator of New Castle eoun-
tv. Their children are: I. John Pilling;
II. Elsie; III. NoiTis N.; IV. Ernest B.; V.
Elizabetli Kelley. Jlrs. Wright's pleasant
manner and intelligent convei-sation make her
a general favorite. Mr. Wright and his fam-
ily attend the M. E. church.

DAVID C. ROSE, Jr., Newark, New Cas-
tle county, Del., son of David and Puth A.
(Foster) Pose, was bom in Appoquinimink
liundred, New Castle county, Del, August
31, 1858.

The grandparents of David C. Pose, Tru-
man and Marj (Tool) Rose, were natives of
Sussex county, Del. Their son, David C.
Rose, was born near Seaford, Sussex county,
Del., April 13, 1823.

David C. Pose, Si-., was oidy six years old
wlien his parents died. He attended the pub-
lic, schools of the district and continued to
improve his faculties by reading and studying
at home. Thus he strengthened his liabits
of thought and observation, becoming intelli-
gent and self-reliant. Mr. Pose learned ma-

sonry, serving his apprenticeship in Philadel-
phia, Pa., where he worked at his trade until
he attained his majority. In 1843 he re-
moved to Odessa, Del., and after working as
■ a journeyman until 1855, began farming,
renting land in Appocjuinimink hundred.
Mr. Pose had cultivated tliis land for five
years, when he removed to Kent county, Del.,
but after a trial of two years returned to Ap-
poquinimink liundred. New Castle county,
and again i-ented land there, which he culti-
vated until 1873. He now decided to change
his occupation, and opened a general store.
Three yeai-s afterwards he sold the store. He
was elected as coroner, and sened for one
term of two years; he then returned to Appo-
quinimink hundred, where he cultivated rent-
ed land until 1882. In 1888 Mr. Pose, having
received the appointment of justice of the
peace from Governor Biggs, removed to his
present home in Odessa, Del. Mr. Rose is
an able, conscientious magistrate, whose de-
cisions have given general satisfaction; he was
re-appointed by Governor Watson. He is a
popular ofticer, respected for his fairness,
good judgment, and consideration. He is ac-
tive and energetic, and although the victim of
a painful form of heart disease, is a constant
and efficient worker. Mr. Pose is a stanch
Democrat.

David C. Rose was man-ied in July, 1854,
to Ruth Ann Foster, of St. George's hundred.
Their children are: I. Sarah, widow of John
Barrick; II. Truman, deceased; III. Frank-
lin P., of AVilmington, an engineer on the
Wilmington City railroad; IV. David C; and
two who died in infancy. Mrs. Pose died
in Appoquinimink hundred. New Castle
county. ]\lr. Pose was married November 16,
18G5, to his second wife, ^lartha Anne Bur-
gess. Their children are: I. Ulysses G., de-
ceased; II. Annie M. B.; III. Belle A.; IV.
Lidie H.; V. Theodore P.; VI. Mary E.;
VII. Ella U.; VIII. William H. Mrs. Rose
died at Odessa, Del., in 1888. Mr. Pose, his
wife and family, are membei's of the M. E.
churcli.

David C. Rose, Jr., was educated in the
pidilic schools of Townsend and Vandyke,
New Castle county. Until he was sixteen, he
remained at home, assisting his father on the
fann, where lie acquired a practical knowl-
edge of the laws whicli govern plant life, and
a love for the beautiful in nature. In 1874,,

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STATE OF DELAWARE

675

Jlr. Rose left the farm to become a clerk
ill his father's store. Two years afterwards
his father sold the business to G. W. Ernest,
■with whom Mr. liose remained for one year.
In 1877, he removed to Wilmington, Del.,
and for one year was emi)loyed as a litter of
bridgework for the Edgemoore Iron Com-
panVj of Wilmington, Del. After spending
one year with his father on a fann near Wil-
mington, Mr. Kose obtained a position iis
gardener for the P., W. & B. K. R. His love
of flowers and his skill in cultivating them
now began to be more apparent, lie was a
diligent reader and an accurate obser\'er, and
at once began to give special attention to the
plants under his care. In 1880 Mr. Rose was
transferred to Xewark, Del., where for eighteen
years he has had entire control of the conser-
vatories belonging to the company. Mr. Rose
is a skillful florist; the conservatories under
his care are noted for the richness and variety,
as well as the nirity of their jdants. lie has
also excellent taste in arrangement, and his
combination of shades and coli>i-s delight and
rest the eye. Mr. Rose is genial and affable,
popular in the community, and has won the
ri's]iect and confidence of his employees, lie
is a Democrat, actively interested in local af-
faii"s, and has served as a member of the
executive conmiittee of New Castle county;
for four years he has been inspector of elec-
tions of Pencader hundred ; he has also served
on the board of school commissionei"s. ]\Ir.
Rose was elected a member of the legislature
from the Eleventh district, November 8,
1898, by the largest Democratic majority ever
given in the district, ilr. Rose is a Past
blaster of Iliram Lodge, No. 25, St. John's
Chapter, A. F. and A. M., Past Great Sachem
of the State of Delaware, ilinqua Tribe, No.
8, I. 0. R. M.; Past Chancellor of Osceola
Lodge, No. 5, K. of P., Newark, Del.; and
Anchor Lodge, No. 4, A. O. U. W., Newark.
Da\'id C. Rose was manied at Wilmington,
Del., in May, 1871), to Mary II., daughter of
Daniel and Susan M. (Smith) Thomas, a na-
tive of "Wilmington. Their children are: I.
David L., born in 1880; IL Roy Cleveland,
bom in 1885; III. Maud R.; IV. Ethel, died
in infancy, ilr. Rose is a member of St.
Thomas' Episcopal church, Newark Del., an
active worker and vestiyman.

GEORGE G. KERR, P. O. Newark, Dd.,
son of Andrew, L', and Hannah ((iillcspic)
38

Kerr, was born in AVliite Clay Creek hundred,
New Castle county, January 1, 1835.

The KeiT family is of Scotch descent, and
has lived in Delaware from the time of the
earliest settlements by Europeans. Aiidrew
Kerr, grandfather of George G. KeiT, was
a large landowner and farmer of White Clay
Creek hundred. He was an energetic and
progressive citizen, made many improvements
to his land, introduced new methods into the
cidtivation of the soil, and erected, in 1805,
the most complete stone house in the hundred.
This mansion is still in a good state of preser-
vation. Mr. Kerr married Miss Black; their
children were: I. Samuel; II. Charlotte (Mrs.

Ji>seph Hassinger); III: Elizaljeth (Mrs.

I'ierce), of JIaryland; lY. Mary (Mrs.

Sharp), of Kentucky; V. James; VI. Ann;
VII. Andrew. !Mr. and Mrs. Kerr died on
their farm; both were interred in the Kerr
family burial place in Head of Christiana
I'rcsbyterian churchyard. !Mr. Kerr was an
elder .in that church, of which his wife also
was a consistent member.

Andrew ]{err, 2, father of George G. Kerr,
was bom in 1794. He received but a meagre
etiucation as a youth, because of the inferior-
ity of the schools, but more than made g<iod
this loss by careful and continued reading.
He assisted in the cultivation of the farm
when a boy, and afterward learned carpentry,
at wliich he worked for several years. Then
he removed to the homestead and fanned
it until 1801, wdien he retired and erected a
dwelling for himself and wife on the home-
stead' tract. In 1880 Mrs. KeiT died, and
^Ir. Kerr moved back into the old stone man-
sion house and resided with his son, George
G., until his death. ]\Ir. Kerr was a man who
commanded both respect and kind reijard.
He was a friend to all who needed advice or
material assistance, knowing neither religion
or politics in his intercourse with his fellows,
and was broad and liberal in his ideas. He
was twice elected to the legislature, and served
one temi in the Levy ('ourt, when
the salary of the latter office was only $9G
])er year. lie was an ardent supporter of the
Democratic party. Andrew Kerr, 2, man-ied
Hannah, granddaughter Rev. George (iillcs-
pie, a well known minister of the Presbyterian
denomination, and jiastor of the Head of
Christiana church. (For history of Rev.
GillesjHc see sketch of G. G. Eavens). ]\Irs.
Kerr was born in 1802, in White Clay Creek

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-■* BIOGRAPniCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

liuiulrcd. They liad eliildren: I. Samuel,
died young; II. iVndrew, 3, died youiif^; III.
James, died young; IV. Mary (Mrs. Francis
Park), died in C'liester, Pa.; V. Andrew 4,
died young; VI. Clcorgo G. Mr. Kerr died
on the liomestead in 1S84, aged ninety years;
Mrs. XeiT died in 18S0, aged seventy-eight;
botli were buried in the family lot, in the
Head of Christiana churchyard. They were
membei-s of the Presbyterian eluu'ch.

Ceorge G. Kerr attended the public schools
of White Clay Creek hundred, Xewark
Academy, under Professor Meggs, and studied
in Delaware College for two terms. He had
no desire to adopt a professional life, how-
ever, and did not complete his college coui-se.
Going back to the farm, he assisted his father
in cultivating his acres until 18G1, when his
father retired. George G. Kerr then under-
took the management of the farm and has
continued it with a large degree of success
for the past thirty-seven years. He has given
much attention to the raising of live stock, es-
pecially sheep, and has kept pace with the
advancements in the science and art of agri-
culture. He has always taken a deep inter-
est in education; is geniarin manner, domestic
in his tastes and temjierate in his habits. For
thirty years, he has been a director of
the Newark Academy and for half that time
has been president of the board, Ixiing elected
annually to that position. He is a Demo-
crat from principle, and has never been an
office seeker.

On January G, 18C9, in Newark, George
G. Kerr married Clara, daughter of Palmer
(Jhaniberlain, M. I)., and born in Newark.
Their children are: I. Emma Chamberlain,
died in infancy; II. ]\Iary (ilay), at home;
III. Andi'ew, educated at Newark Academy
and Delaware College, was graduated in civil
engineering, and now in employment of Edge-
moore Bridge Co., of AVilmington; V. Helen,
at school ; VI. Alice, ilr. KeiT is a trustee
of the Presbyterian church of Newark, and
his family belong's to the same church.

The Chamberlain family is one of the best
known in Delaware. It is of English descent.
Joseph Chamberlain, gTandfather of ill's.
Kerr, was a native of Delaware and one of the
fii-st settlers of Newark. He learned Idack-
smithing and made that his life occui)ation.
He pros|X'red in hi^ financial affaii-s and by
industry and economy aecuunilalcd a large

amount of real estate. He was a Federalist
in politics. Joseph Chamberlain married
Miss Palmer and had children: I. Margaret

(Mi-s. Johnson); II. Joseph, il". D.;

III. Pierce; IV. Nancy, married Samuel ]\ra-
tcer, paper maniifactm-er; V. Palmer. Joseph
and Mrs. Chamberlain died in Newark and
both were buried in the Head of Christiana
church. 'Mrs. Chamberhiiu was very active
in religious work.

Palmer Chamberlain, father of Mrs. George
G. Kerr, was born in Newark, in 1792. Af-
ter a course in Newark Academy, he entereil
Jctfereon Medical College, of Philadeljihia,
from which he was graduated with the de-
gree of M. D. He immediately began the
practice of his profession at New Garden,
Chester county. Pa. The demands upon his
professional services became so great in a few
years that his health gave way, and he
removed to white Clay Creek hundred, New
Castle county, where he devoted himself to
farming and manufacturing. He, however,
ilid not entirely abandon his profession, but
had a few patients on his list for yeai-s. Dr.
Chamberlain was originally a Whig but dur-
ing the Civil War transferred his allegiance
tc the Democratic party.

Palmer Chamberlain married Grace,
daughter of John Thomson, and grandniece
of Hon. Charles Thomson, \vho was Secretary
of the First Congressional Assembly. They
had children: I. Hannah, deceased, was a
well known educator of Newark, and princi-
pal of Newark Academy; II. Katharine,
widow of Pev. James H. McNeill, a well
known Presbyterian minister of North Caro-
lina, who was a chaplain and afterward a
colonel in the Confederate army, and was shot
(luring the Civil War; III. Joseph C, de-
ceased, was student of theology in Union
Seminary of the Presbyterian church, in
New York City; IV. Emma, deceased; V.
ifargaret, deceased; VI. ^Martha, resides with
George G. Kerr; VII. Clara (Mrs. George
G. Kerr). Palmer Chamberlain died in 18G8,
and ]\rrs. Clunnberlain in 1878; both were
buried in the Head of Christiana churchyard.
Both were faithful membei-s of the Presby-
terian church.

ELWOOD E. MrKEE, P. O. Newark,
New Castle county, Del., son of Andrew and
:\rargaret (Wells)" ;NrcKee, was b(,i-n at Stan-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

Gil

ton, if ill Creek luinilred, New Castle county,
Del., July IG, ]S45.

Mr. ilcKee's father, Andrew McKee, who
■was of Seotcli-Irish descent, was bom in
Erand>'^vine hundred, iS'ew Castle county,
Del., in 1809. Andrew iicKee was educated
in the subscription schools of his imtive hun-
dred.- Left an orphan at an early aj^c, he was
tenderly cared for by his uncle, Andrew ilc-
Kee, who received the lonely child into his
own heart and home. Mr. ^NfcKee had one
brother, Samuel, who died at the age of twen-
ty-one. Andrew McKee grew up on the farm,
and under his imcle's careful training ac-
quired that practical knowledge of luisbandry
which made him one of the best and most
successful fanners of Mill Creek hundred. On
attaining his majority, in ISGG, Mr. ^McKee
began farming for himself on the Stapler
place near Stanton, Del. Besides general
farming, he paid particular attention to his
dairy, and to raising fine cattle. After cul-
tivating this place for twenty-three years,
Mr. McXce purchased 75 acres in the same
hundred, and immediately began improving
his property. He spent many years on this
farm, which richly repaid his care and labor,
so that he was enabled to retire from active
business. Ticmoving to Wilmington, Del., he
spent the latter part of his life in ease and
comfort. Mr. McKee was actively interested
in the affairs of the district and was for some
time road commissioner of M\^ Creek hun-
dred. Andrew McKee was maiTied at Potts-
town, Chester county. Pa., to ]\[argaret W.
Wells, a native of Chester county. Their
children are: I. Sarah Frances; 11. William
IT., died in youth; III. John P., farmer; IV.
Samuel, died in youth; V. Elwood B. ; VI.
George, coal and lumber dealer, Philadel-
phia, Pa. Mr. McKee and his wife were
members of the Presbyterian church. His
death, which occurred at his home in Wilming-
ton, in 1893, was caused by blood poisoning,
the result of a wound in the foot. He is
b\iried in Brandywine cemetery, at Wilming-
ton. His widow is living with her son,
George ilcKee, in Philadelphia, Pa.

Elwood B. McKee received his ]irimary
education in the puldic schools of Stanton,
Del., and completed his course at Clarkson
Taylor's Business College. He remained
at home, assisting his father and gain-
ing a practical knowledge of hnsbaTidrv,

until ho was twenty-one. On attain-
ing his majority, Mr. ]\IcKee began
farming for himself, renting a place
near Stanton. In 1SG7 he removed to Bear
Station, 'New Castle hundred, and rented the
Cooper property, a fertile farm of IGO acres,
which he cultivated for twenty years. Be-
sides general farming, ilr. ilcKee gave
special attention to raising live stock, and es-
tablished a dairy whose products commanded
the highest prices. In 1887 he removed to
AVilmington, Del., and for three years was
engaged with his brother, George McKee,
dealing in coal and lumber. In 1889 he
abandoned mercantile life, and returning to
the cultivation of the soil, removed to his
present home in White Clay Creek himdred.
His well-tilled and fertile fields yield abund-
ant harvests, he is also successful in raising fine
cattle. Mr. ]\[cKce is a stanch Democrat, in-
terested in local affairs, and is serving as road
commissioner of White Clay Creek hundred,
to which oflice he was elected liy his party
iu 1894. Mr. McKce's genial, pleasant man-
ner makes him a general favorite.

Elwood B. McKee was man-ied at Stanton,
Del., in 1808, to Annie, daughter of James
and Annabella Towne, a native of Mill Creek
hundred. Their only child, Francis, a drug-
gist at Wilmington, Del., was educated in
!Mis3 Wilson's private school, and graduated
from the College of Phannacy, Philadeljihia,
Pa., in 1895. He was married to Harriet
jMitchell. Like his father, he is a stanch De-
mocrat, ilrs. Elwood McKee died at her
home in Xew Castle hundred. ]Mr. McKee
was married at Newark, Del., to his second
wife, Sarah (Cavender) Garrett, of Mill Creek
hundred, daughter of Thomas and Mary Ann
(Young) Cavender, and widow of Clinton
II. Garrett, ilr. ilcKee and his wife are
mendiers of the Presbyterian church.

The name of Cavender is found upon the
roll of the early settlers of Delaware. Henry
(\avender, grandfather of ilrs. McKee, was
born near Brandywine, where he spent his
whdle life. He was for many years, an em-
ployee in the DuPont Powder AVorks. He
was a member of the Democratic party,
honest, industrious and a good citizen. Henry

Cavender was married to Elizalieth .

Their children are: I. Henrv, Wilmington,
Del.; 11. diaries, Altoona, Pa.; III.
Thomas; IV. Elizabeth, widow of William

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678

BIOORAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Austiu, Philadelphia, Pa.; V. Marj' Jane
(ilrs. Jacoh Norrit), C'laymont, Del.; VI.
AVillianiina, deceased; VII. P^velina, died in
youth, ilr. Caveuder and his wife were mem-
bers of the Presbyterian church. Mr. Caveu-
der died at his homo on the lirandywine; his
■wife died in 18G8; both are buried in (ireen
Kill cemetery.

Mrs. ilcKee's father, Thomas Caveuder,
was born on the Caveuder homestead, near the
Brandy wiue. He received a good English
education in the public schools of the district,
and supplemented his school coui-se by read-
ing and study at home. When he attained
his nuijority, Mr. Caveuder reuu:)ved to Kem-
blesville, Chester county. Pa., where he
bought a farm of 7(5 acres. He cultivated this
place for six years, paying particular attention
^ to cereals, but also raising fine cattle and con-
ducting a dairy. In 1872, having secured
employment in the ]\IcCullough Iron Works,
Mr. Cavender left his family on the farm and
went to Philadelphia, Pa. His ability and
skill were soon recognized; he rose rapidly
and in 1879 was made foreuuin, a position
which he retained until the time of his death.
He was a member of the Democratic party.
Thomas Caveuder was married, near the
Brandywine, to !Mary A., daughter of Stephen
and Sarah Young. !Mi-s. Cavender was a na-
tive of Wilmington, Del. ller,ancest<^)rs were
among the passengei-s of the Mayflower,
on her first voyage to the land of hope. The
children of Thonuas and Mary A. (Young)
Cavender are: I. Sarah J. (ilrs. Ehvood B.
McKee); II. ]\Iiriaui (Mrs. James Lysle), of
Cliester county. Pa.; III. Thomas Alpheus,
on the home farm in Chester county, Pa.;
IV. ]\Iary S. (ilrs. Joseph Waterson), of 0.x-
ford. Pa.; Y. Laura E., Wilmington, Del.;
YI. William, died in the prime of life. ]\Ir.
Caveuder and his wife were members of the
Presbyterian church. He died in Philadel-
phia, Pa., and is buried in the Presbyterian
cemetery at New London, Pa. His wife died
in Xeniblesville, Cluster C(junty, Pa., and is
buried beside her husband.

Sarah J. (Caveuder) ]McKee was born in
Mill Creek hundred. She received her prim-
ary education iu the imblic schools of the
district, and graduated from the Normal
school at Concordville, Pa. After leaving
school, she taught for sometime iu the public
schools of tlie district. Sarah J. Cavender was

married in 1883, at Kemblesville, Pa., to Clin-
ton II. Garrett, son of Evan and H. Garrett,
a native of Stricklersville, Pa., and a member
of one of the prominent families of Chester
county, Pa. ilr. Clinton Garrett's first wife,
Hannah Wilkinson, of Stricklei-sville, Pa.,
died at Stricklersville. Their children are:
1. Henry, on the homo farm; II. Leon, mer-
chant, Stricklersville, I'a. ; III. Evan, died
in youth. After their nuiri-iage, Mr. Garrett
and his wife removed to Newark, Del., and
juirchased the Samuel Finley farm, which
Mr. Garrett cultivated until the time of his
death. He was a Democrat, interested iu
local affairs, well-known and respected in the
county, and served as school director and as
supervisor of the roads of Chester county. Pa.
Mr. Garrett was a member of the Presby-
terian church. He was killed in 1887, near
his home, by a tiain on the B. & 0. R. K.,
and is buried in the Presbyterian cemetery
at New London, Pa. Gentle and jjleasant
in manner, and charming in conversation,
]\Irs. j\IcKee is a favorite in all circles. She
is intelligent and well-read, a thoughtful and
appreciative student of classic literature, and
interested in the best productions of our own
time.

SAMUEL AV. ilOimiSON, P. O. Ogle-
ton, Del., son of AVilliam and Elizabeth
(Scott) Alorrison, was burn near Dean's Mills,
AVhite Clay Creek hundred, New Castle coun-
ty, Del., December 5, 1827.

The Morrison family is of Scotch-Irish
descent and one of the oldest in AVhite C'lay
Creek hundred. Samuel Morrison, grand-
father of Samuel AY. Slorrison, was born iu
Ireland and engaged in farming there. He
married in his native country, and in the latter
part of the eighteenth century came to Ameri-
ca, accompanied by his wife and several chil-
dren and three of his brothei-s. His brothers
went West, and trace of them was soon lost.
ifr. Morrison and family lived in White
Clay Creek hundred, Del., cidtivating a large
tract of land. ]\Ir. ^lorrison reuniined there
until his death. He was, in his political views,
a follower of Thonuis Jefferson. He married
an Irish lady, and had children: I. Samuel
2; II. John; III. James; I A''. AVilliam; A^
Nancy; A"I. Jane; A^II. Elizabeth (Mrs.
Douglass :\ron-isou); AH II. ]\rargaret (Aire.
Thouuis Boll), (,f Norristoxvn, Pa. The first

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STATE Ol DELAWARE

G79

three were born in Ireland, and all are de-
ceased, ilr. and ^Irs. Morrison died on
their farm and were buried in the Presby-
terian graveyard in "White Clay Creek hun-
dred. I'liey were members of the Presby-
terian church, in which j\rrs. ilorrisiju, wlio
was much respected, was very active.

William ilorrison, father of Samuel AV^.
^lorri'Son, was born in White Clay Creek hun-
dred, in 1803. lie attended the subscription
schools of the neighborhood and altiiough
they offered meagre facilities, obtained a
good English education. For several years
he occupied leased farms and when by dili-
gent labor and economy he had accumulatixl
sufhcient money, he purchased the Smith
tract, of 318 acres, in "White Clay Creek hun-
dred. He immediately began making exten-
sive improvements upon his property, intro-
ducing new scientific methods of cultivating
the ground and erecting new buildings, includ-
ing, after some years, two large brick dwell-
ing houses. He continued on his farm until
his death. His neighbors appreciated his in-
telligent and progressive s]iirit and he was
chosen by them road commissioner and filled
a number of minor offices. He was a Demo-
crat. "William ilorrison married, in 1821,
Elizabeth, danghter of Samuel and Eachel
(Ring-land) Scott, born in 1793, in "White
Clay Creek himdred. They had chil-
dren: T. Eachel, deceased; II. Samuel W^. ;
ITT. Jane, single, residing on the homestead;
TV. "William A., farmer of Mill Clay Creek
hundred; "\''. James, farmer, of White Clay
Creek hundred. 'Mr. ^forj'ison died Feljruary
14, 1S83, and ilrs. Morrison in 18511; both
were buried in the Presbyterian graveyard in
White Clay Creek hundied. Jfr. ^Morrison
and his family were members of the Presby-
terian church. !Mrs. iforrison was highly es-
teemed as a member of the church and of
society.

Samuel W. ^lorrison was a pupil in sub-
scription and public schools in White Clay
Creek hundred. He spent the first twenty-
nine years of his life on the farm with his
father, and for the ensuing thi-ee years, lived
on a leaseil farm near Ogleton. In 1801 he
removed to ft trnct of 150 acres — a part of the
lionu'stead farm — and for the past thirty-
seven years has cidtivatcd it with success.
Ht' lias liccn successfully engaged in stuck-
raising and in the dairy business. ^Ir. ^[orri-

son is genial in manner, and commands the
respect of all who know him. He has served
as assessor of his hundred and as school com-
missioner. Ife is a Democrat.

lu 1858, in White Clay ('reek hundred,
Samuel W. Jlorrison married Jeanette, daugh-
ter of Robert and Elizabeth (Collins) Fergu-
son. IMrs. Morrison was bornin New Castle
county. Her father was a native of Scotland
and a wealthy farmer of Delaware. ]\Ir.
and ifrs. iforrison had one child, Tillizabeth
Jeanette. ilrs. Jeanette ^forrison died in
Decendier, 1800, and was bin-ie<l in White
Clay Creek hundred. In 1807, at Spring
]\rills, Samuel "W. iforrison married Mary J.,
daughter of Robert and Jane (Sam])le) ]\Ic-
Coy and granddaughter of jSTathaniel ^ifcCoy
of Scotch-Trish ancestry, and one of the old-
est settlei-s of Delaware. She was born in
Stanton, Del. !Mr. and Mrs. ^lorrison have
children: I. Fanny, die<l at the age of 11
yeai-s; IT. "William, manufacturer and
farmer; TIL Samuel B., farmer; TV. Ro-
bert M., at home; V. J. Allen, at home.
]\Ir. Morrison and family are members of the
"White Clay Creek I'resbyterian church, of
which ]\rr. Morrison has for twenty years
been a trnstee. ilrs. ]\rorris(in is a lady of
affable manners, and has many friends.

REV. ANDREW Tv. RUSSELL, son of
Andrew and Isabella Russell, was born near
Warrior's Run, Northumberland connty, Pa.

Mr. Rus-scll grailnated at Dickinson Cob
lege in 1800, with the highest honors of his
class, as valedictorian. For a time, he was
professor of languages in Washing-ton Col-
lege, Pa., then under the presidency of Rev.
:\Iatthew P.rown. During this time, he
studied thecdogy, and was licen.-^ed to preach
the gospel, April 19, 1810, by the presbytery
of Ohio. In the fall of 1811, Rev. Mr. Rus-
sell removed to Newark, Del., where he took
charge of the academy, at the same time
preaching in the Presbyterian churches at
Head of Christiana and White Clay Creek.
Having received and accepted calls from
those chnrche.s, he was ordained and installed
as their jtastor, at a meeting of presbytery
held in Newark, April 8, 1812. On that oc-
casion, the Pvev. Thonms Tiead, D. D., pre-
sided, the Rev. John E. Latta preached, and
the Rev. Samuel ;Morton, D- I'-, p;>^'L' the
charges to pastor and people. For twenty-

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680

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

eight years, until removed by deatii, Eev. An-
drew K. Tfussell continued to be pastor of the
two cliurehes, and principal of tlie Newark
Academy. In addition to his ministrations to
the churches in the country, he preached fre-
quently in Newark, cither in the academy or
in his own home. It was through liis instru-
mentality that the First Prebi)yterian church
of Newark Wiis organized, and its first house
of woi-ship erected. N(jt only did he contri-
bute liberally to the fund for the erection of
the building, but he also superintemled the
■work.

Mr. Russell M'as a popular and successful
teacher. Of his influence in the sphere of lit-
erature and science, in at least this region of
country, some idea may be fonned when it is
known that probably more than a thousand
young men received from him an education
in Mdiole or in part, by which many of them
have been qualified to discharge the duties of
useful and honorable professions, or of other
iinportant stations in society. lie was a warm
iricnd of Newark College, and took a deep in-
terest in its prosperity. A man of talents and
of learning, of kind and genial disposition and
pJeasant mannei-s, he secured the respect and
esteem of the whole community.

ilr. Kussell served in the academy until
the spring of 1S34, a period of more than
twenty-two years. The following resolution
•M as adopted by the trustees of Newark Acad-
emy, May 8, 1834:

"Resolved, That in closing this institution
preparatory to its annilgamation with the
Newark College, this Board tender to the Rev.
A. K. Russell, who for more than twenty-
two years has oflficiated as Rector of the acad-
emy, their thanks for his unifonn, active and
efficient discharge of his duties in conducting
and superintending this institution; and tluit
the sum of $250.00 be paid to him by the
treasurer out of the interest of the funds of
the academy, as it accrues and l)e«omes due, as
11 testimonial of our estimation of ids valuable
services." This resolution spciiks for itself.
It is a volume in a sentence. It is the re-
corded verdict of men who knew Mi: Russell
well,— his contcmjioraries, — and who were
intimately associated with him in the manage-
ment of the academy. It is clear that as an
educator of youth, ^Ir. Russell was eminently
successful; he lived to see many of his impils
distinguished in civil and connnercial life. It

was during Mr. Russell's rectoi-ship, and for
the most part through his agency, in harmony
with the eiforts of tiie trustees, that plans
were formed and matured and measures
adopted for tlie establisliment of A^ewark Cul-
hge, now Delaware College.

Rev. Jlr. Russell's preaciiing was earnest
and attractive, and he excelled in pastoral
Mork. Jn pcrsiin, lie was tall and erect; his
genial disposition, his polished and instruc-
tive conversation, his Christian courtesy and
liberal hospitality made his home a favorite
resort, and the centre of an intelligent and re-
fined circle. Having sustained for more than
a quarter of a century the two-fold relation
oJ pastor and teacher, he died, February G,
18;-J'J, in the fifty-ninth year of his age and the
twenty-ninth of his ministry. He was laid
Xu rest in the cemetery of Head of Christiana
chundi.

Rev. Andrew K. Russell was first manned
to Katherine, daughter of Col. William
Whitely, of Caroline county, ild. His second
wife was Ann, daughter of Arthur Wliitely,
of Dorchester county, ild., sister of the late
General Robert Henry Ivirkwood AVhitely.
Three children now survive him: I. Arthur
W!; II. William II.; III. Mary Louisa,
widow of the late Rev. Hugh Hamil'l, D. D.

Rev. Hugh Ilamill, D. D., who was for
many years associated with his brother. Rev.
Samuel ]\1. Haniill, D. ])., as principal of the
high school at I.awrenceville, N. J., was a son
of Robert Hamill, a prominent merchant of
Non-istown, Pa., a man of vigorous and un-
questioned piety, an elder in the Presbyterian
church, and a ]:)crson of great influence in that
community. lie was descended from Scotch-
Irish ancestry, from that race so conspicuous
in history for its hardihood, for its strict in-
tegrity, its adherence to truth and its love of
freedom. Dr. Ilamill received his prepara-
tory education at Norristown Academy; was
graduated from Rutgers College in 1827; in
the same year entered Princeton Theological
Seminary, and left in April, 1830, afterwards
sjiending some time at the Theological Semi-
nary of New Haven, Conn. Dr. Hamill's
training in a home where from infancy he
breathed the atnmsphere of heaven, matured
his Christian cdiaracter at an early age, so that
wlien fourteen years old he united, on profes-
sion of bis faiili, witli tlie I'irst Presbyterian
church of Non'istowii. In his father's house

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STATE OF DELAWARE

GSl

lie had met many clergymen, and before ho
had comi:)leted his college course he had made
lip his mind to enter the ministry. His entire
training having been in that direction, he
came into ilie ministry thoroughly furnished
lor his work, lie was licensed by the presby-
tery of J'hiladelphia, and was ordained an
evangelist at Buffalo, N. Y., in October, 1832,
1 y tlie presbytery of Bull'alo. He was stated
supply at lilack Kock, now the lireckem-idge
Street Church, Butfalo, N. Y., until Novem-
ber, 1833; bS then began to preach at Elkton,
31 d., and at Pencader church, in Delaware,
where he was installed pastor by the New Cas-
tle presbytery in 183-1; after a highly success-
ful pastorate, he was released in May, 1837.
In that year. Rev. Dr. Ilamill became con-
nected with the high sch(jol at Lawrenceville,
X. J.

As a preacher. Dr. Hamill's style was clear
and methodical. Some of his sermons were
models of tei-seness, conciseness and point. He
^\as a close reasoner, but very rarely took part
in presbyterial discussions. His analysis of
Scripture was lucid, forcible and exhaustive.
He preached with unction, and the people
heard him gladly. For thirty years he preach-
ed on each alternate Sabbath to a youthful
congregation, in the oratory of the high school
at Lawrenceville. Both the teachers and the
jnipils who listened to him will remember his
earnest and touching appeals to the conscience
oi' those whose privilege it was to hear him.
Dr. Hamill was mo<lest and retiring, shrink-
ing from the public gaze, yet decided in his
convictions, and of firm and consistent will.
He made wann friends wherever he wont. In
liis early ministiy at Black Kock, in his pastor-
ate at Elkton, in his career as an instructor at
I.a\\Tenceville, in his residence at Newark, in
his intercourse A\'ith his brethren, he com-
manded the respect and confidence of all who
Inicw him. He thought much, read much, re-
mendjcred much, and became in himself a
storehouse of knowledge and wisdom from
^^hich it was a privilege to draw. His Abna
Mater confen'cd on him the degree of Doctor
of Divinity.

A number of the gentlemen who were assist-
ant teachers at the high school, during the
period of Dr. Hamill's residence at Lawreiice-
■v'ille subsequently entered the ministry. Sev-
eral of them availed themselves of his instruc-
tions in their preparation for the Theologiciil

Seminary, and some, while teaching, pui-sued
iheir whole course of theological training un-
der his direction. Among the latter was the
late liev. Dr. Cyrus Dickson, the able Secre-
tly and eloiinent advocate of Home .Missions,
\' ho was a teacher at the higli school in the
}ears 1838, '3'J, and '4(1, and who so soon fol-
lowed his friend and instructor to their heav-
enly home.

l\ev. Hugh Handll, D. D., was married at
Newark, Del., June 5, 1872, to Mary Louise,
daughter of Kev. Andrew K. Hussell, then de-
ceased. ]Mrs. Ilamill survives her husband.
In the spring of 1872, he took up his resi-
dence at Newark, Del., and spent the remain-
ing years of his life in study, holding himself
ready to preach as his brethren called upon
him. He died at Newark, August 1, 1881,
of malarial fever, after about si.x weeks of
illness, exhibiting to the last a most trustful
and submis.sive spirit. His life was pure, no-
ble and useful. Ho was hiid to rest in the old
churchyard at Head of (Jhri>tiana church.

■■^.i;

TIIO]\rAS ]\IORrJSON, 2, p. O. Chris-
tiana, Del., .son of Thomas and Jane (Dnnlap)
iNlon-ison, was born in AVoodstown, Salem
county, N. J., October 3, 1818.

The ilorrison fanaly is of Scotch-Irish de-
scent. Tlionms ]\[oiTison, father of Thomas
j\loiTison, 2, was born in County Dorry, Ire-
land, in 1814, and engaged in farming there
nntil 1840, when he came to the United
States in a sailing vessel, accompanied by his
joung bride. Ho landed in Philadelphia and
Ment thence to New Jci-sey, where his sister
and brother-indaw resided. For ]nneteen
\ears he remained there tilling the soil, and in
iSfjl) crossed the Delawaix} and settle<l in
White Clay Creek hundred, New Castle
county, Del. Several years later he removed
\<' New Castle hundred, and leased the Simp-
son and (iould tract of land, which he culti-
vated until his death. He was a stanch Dem-
ocrat, and not an oihce-seekcr. Thomas Mor-
rison was nnirricd, in County Down, Ireland,
to Jane Dnnlap, of Scotch-Irish extraction.
Thev had children: I. Fliza Jane (.Mrs.
Thoinas Hill), of ]\[ill Creek hundred; II.
Emcline (:\Ii-s. John Elliott), deceased; III.
John, died y<ning; IV. Thomas, 2; V. Anna
(Mrs. James Lee), of White Clay Creek hun-
(ln<l. "Mr. Morrison died in 1SS5; ]\Ii-s. ]\Ior-
ri.-on died in l^hti; they attended the Presby-

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682

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

^^

terian cluircli, and both were buried in the
Christiana Presbyterian churchyard.

Tiionias ilorrison, 2, was partly educated in
tlie |iublic schools of Salem county, N. J.
AVlien he was eleven ye;u's old his father re-
moved to Delaware and he eouiplet'cd his
studies in White Clay Creek hiiiidred. lie
remained wth his father as ovcreivr of the
larnis his father occui)ied until the death of
that gentleman in 1885. Then he took up car-
pentry and has continued in that trade. j\Ir.
]\lon-ison did not seiwe the usual api)rentico-
f-hip as a carpenter, but his natural mechanical
skill, and t<t^ work he had done on the build-
ings and implements of the farm gave him the
necessary training and experience, aJid he has
bad a successful career in his trade. For the
past twenty-live years ho has lived in Chris-
tiana, where he owns a comfortable home. In
1804, lie was elected a n»ad commissioner, and
is still (181)8) sen'ing his four yeai-s' t<?rm.
lie is an efficient overseer and a quiet unas-
suming man of domestic tastes. He is an un-
swerving Democrat.

On December 20, 1870, in Chester, Pa.,
Thomas ]\Iorrison, 2, was married to Jennie,
daughter of the late Thomas and Sarah Jane
(Pritchard) lieece. Mrs. jMorrison was born
in Newark, Del. Iler father was a native
of Ireland and her mother w;ls bom in New
Castle county, Del. Jlr. and ilrs. Jlorrison
Lave one child, Jane Dunlap (Jennie) married
to Thomas A])pleby, son of Richard Apjjlcby,
a well-known citizen of New Castle hundred.
!Mr. and ]\Ii-s. Appleby have two children: 1.
Edna; II. Kicdiard. Mrs. IMomson is a wo-
man of pleasant disposition and delights in the
society of her friends. She has lieen for
twenty-five years a dress-maker in Cliristiana.
The family attend the sersnces of the Presby-
terian cliurcli.

EBEN BOYD FKAZEE, Newark, Del.,
son of James and Emily (Davis) Frazer, was
born in District No. 3, Cecil county, ild., No-
vember 25, 18,53.

Tlie grandfather of Eben Boyd Frazer was
James Frazer, who was born about 1745 in
County Armagh, in the north of Ireland, lie
remained in Ids native land until he was forty
yeai-s of age, and then came to America, and
settled near New Ca-stle, Del. There he was
engaged in farnnng until his death. He mar-
ried Sarah Barr, who was born in Delaware, of

Irish parentage. Their children were: I.

William, married Elmira Stidham, di«l in his ,4^;;

tighty-seventh year, had three children, one of '' <'

ihem is dead; II. Samuel, married Emeline
I\lcK«y, died at the age of ninety-thrw, had
ten children, seven id whom are decea.scd;
ill. .Mary (.Mi-s. Kbenezer Boyd), died at O.k-
ford. Pa., at the age of eighty-five; IV. John, ■.':■■

married Injuber Stidham, died at the age of >.;-

eighty-one, had ten children, si.x of whom are
deceased; V. Jano (^Irs. Joshua Jackson),
died near lilkton, ild., in her seventy-sixth
year, had five children, of whom three are de-
ceased; Joshua Jackson died in his eighty-
seventh year; VI. James, 2; VII. Thonnis,
marricxl Enuly , died aged eighty-
one. All the children were born in New Cas-
tle county, and those deceased, \\'ith the ex-
ception of James, 2, and his vnia Emily, were
buried in the Glasgow Prc-sbyterian church-
yanl. James Frazer died in New Castle
county in his eighty-ninth year; his wife dicKl
in her eighty-fourth year.

James Frazer, 2, father of Eben Boyd
I'razer, was bom in New C'astle hundred. New
Castle county. lie received a good common
school education. In his youth he assisted his
father on the farm. Aftenvanl he i)urchascd
a tract of land in Pencadcr hundred and nuide
on it many improvements. Several yeare later
he dispose<l of it, and bought a farm of 400
acres in District No. 3, Cecil county, .Md., .'^^

which he greatly improved. There ho lived ■■■;'

until 1870, and then retired from farming.
He sold his land, and erected a residence for
liis own occupancy in Elkton, Md., where ho
resided for ten years, ilr. Frazer was to a
great extent a self-educated man. lie was a
careful reader, and infonueil himself on all
the topics of the day. Es[)ecially was he in-
terested in education; believing that the best
citizens were those wlio comprehended the
nieaning and the responsibilities of citizen-
shi]), he was an earnest advocate of the early
instruction of the youth of his country. At
his own ex])en.se and on his own land, he
built a school house and presented it to the
County. The authorities accejited the gift
and sessions of school were held in it for nniny
years. Mr. Frazer was an uncompromi.-ing
Democrat, and gave Ids l)arty his hearty ^u])-
j)ort, but he was never an office seeker.

James Frazer, 2, manied Endly Da\'is, who
was of Welsh descent. They had children:

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' 'I < I.'

STATE OF DELAWARE

683

1. Samuel, fanner, of District No. 1, Cecil
county, ,M(1. ; II. John, merchant tailor of
Elktoii, ^IJ.; III. James, ]\[. 1)., of Baltimore,
{iiaduate of the University of Pennsylvania;
IV. Frank, died in 18(i9; V. Uoliert \'>., dnij;-
gist, of Elkton, ]\[d.; VI. ]^Iai-y (.Mrs. P. 11.
Cleaver), of Elkton; YII. Jennie, married II.
S. Evans, district attorney of (.!ecil county,
]\Id.;TIII. Eben Boyd;' IX. Emily (.Mrs.
George A. Black), died in lOlkton. James
Erazer dicnl in Elkton in 18 — ; Mrs. Erazer
died in 181)0; both were Iniried in Elkton cem-
eteiy. ^Irs. Erazer was a devoteil wife and
mother, and a faithful member of the Pres-
byterian church. ]\[r. Erazer was an elder in
the Slime' church for thirty years, and was ac-
tive in congregational work.

Eben Boyd Erazer was e<lucated at his
liome b}' a tutor and afterwanls studied in Elk-
ton Academy under Professor A. S. Vaughn.
AVhen his term in the academy was eudeil, he
entered the drug store of liis brother, Ivobert
B. Frazer,in Elkton, and spent two years there
in acquiring a knowle<.lge of ]>haruuu:(nitical
matters. Then he was a clerk for Ceorge M.
Auderson, druggist, of Port Deposit, Md., for
two years. In 1874 he establisheil his own
pharmacy in Port Deposit, and built up a good
business during the fourteen years he remain-
ed in that town. In 1888 he sold his store and
came to Newark, and here purchased the phar-
macy of Balton Smith and has conducte<l it
very successfully for the i)ast ten years.
He is a skilled druggist, genial and respected.
!Mr. Erazer is a member of Harmony Lodge,
No. 53, E. & A. M., of Elkton, .Md.,'and sec-
retar}' and junior warden of the lodge; mem-
ber of Osceola Lo<lge, K. of P., of Newark;
and of :\rinnehaha Tribe, No. — , I. O. B. M,
of Newark. Eor the past si.\ years he has
served as a member of the town council,
elected to that body by the Democratic party,
in which he is an enthusiastic and active
worker.

In 1881, in Port Deposit, ^\d., Eben Boyd
Frazer was married to Helen, daughter of
Colonel John Hockart, born in Port Deposit.
Their children are: I. Joseph Heckart, at
school; IT. James Stanley, at school; III.
Eben ^falcolm; IV. a child who die^l in in-
fancy. Mr. Frazer and his \\ife arc mem-
bers of the Pre.sl)yterian church.

ROLO^rON l^HNOT CUBTIS, Newark,
Del., son of Solomon and Hannali (Wiswidl)

Curtis, was bora in Newton, ^fass., December
it, 1818.

The Curtis family is of English descent.
More than two hundred years ago, the ances-
tors of Solomon Curtis setticil in New Eng-
lantl, and their descendants have always had
high standing in business and manufacturing
circles there and elsewhere.

Solomon Curtis, father of Solomon Alinot
Curtis, was born near Northampton, ^lass.,
November 3, 1700. There he was educated
and learned paper making, quickly acquiring
a knowledge of the trade in all its branches
and showing himself to be possessed of great
energy and business capability. He removed
to Newton, Mass., and erected a paper mill in
that place, which he conducted very profitably
until his death, ^h: Curtis contributed nmch
to the advancement of the paper trade, in the
way of improvements and of economy in man-
ufacture. He was entei-prising and progres-
sive, and at his death was one of the lea<ling
manufactm-ers in the country. He was a Fed-
eralist in politics.

Solomon Curtis was married, in Newton, to
Esther, daughter of Jeremiah Wiswell, a
farmer of Newton. ^Irs. C\irtis was born in
that place, August 15, 1709. Mr. and ^Irs.
Curtis had children: I. Allen C, born No-
vember 19, 1789, succeeded his father in pa-
per manufacturing in Newton, died Sejitem-
ber 12, 1871; 11. Eliza, born October 8, 1791,
married Leonard ^Valker, shoe manufacturer
of Hopkinton, ^lass. ; III. William B., bom
August 13, 1794, die<l Septend)er 5, 18.SU,
was partner in businct^s with his brother, Al-
len C. Curtis; IV. Warren, born September
25, 1790, died in 1H03; V. Edward, bom
July 8, 1798, died September 8, 184-5, was a
manufacturer of newspaper in New York
City; VI. Hester, bom June 10, 1800, died
August 29, 1802. :Mrs. Esther Curtis died in
-Newton, Juno 10, 1801, and was buried in the
P. E. churchyard. Solomon Curtis married,
in February, 1802, his second wife, Hannah
Wiswell, bom in Newton, December 18,1779,
and sister of his fiivt ^^^fe. They had chil-
dren: I. Hester, l«»rn December 9, 1802, died
February, 1854; IL Warren, bom July 24,
1804, died Noveml)er 24, 1890, paper manu-
facturer of Belleville, N. J.; III. ]Melville,
born April 25, 1800, died December
20, 1858, partner of his bruther, War-
ren Curtis, in Belleville; IV. Martha,
burn O.'tobcr 14, 1S08, died January

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GS4

BIOOBAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

2, 1831; V. George B., bom October 10,
1810, (lied July 2, 1S5*J, fii-st business asso-
ciate of Solomon Minot Chirtis in jSTewark,
Del.; VI. Frtdenck Augustus, born August
21, 1812, died in Newark, November 4, lMS-1,
jiartner of Solomon ,Winot Curtis and fatlier of
tlio i)reseiit iirm of C'urtis & Brother, paper
manufacturers of Newark; VII. AValter C,
IWu October 7, 1814, died Juno 12, 1843;
A'lII. Hannah M., born September 4, ISIG,
married February 3, 1846, to Peter Ilanvood,
of Barre, Mass., died September 7, 1S40; IX.
Solomon Minot. ~Mr. Curtis died in Newton,
May 19, 1818; Mi-s. Curtis died April IG,
J 838; both were buried in the P. E. church-
yard of Newton. They were membei-s of tiio
1'. E. church, of which ^Ir. Curtis was senior
warden, for a number of years. ^Irs. Curtis
was very active in parish work, and was a must
estimable lady.

Of the large family of children of Solomon
Curtis only one, Solomon Minot, is now living.
His nine sons became paper manufacturers
and successful business men, a record demon-
strative of ability and integrity that has rarely
been equalled. All of them were Old Line
AVhigs, and in 1840 the nine brothers cast
their ballots together for General William
Henry Harrison for president.

Solomon Minot Curtis, who was born six
months after his fathi-r's death, attended tlie
public schools of Newton, .Mass., and tlic then
well-known Seth Davis Academy. When be
was twelve yeai-s old, lie became an employee
of his brothers, Allen C. and William, in their
paper mill. His wages were $1.50 per day and
these he regularly gave to his mother until
her death, when lie was twenty years old. He
acquired a practical knowledge of every
branch of paper making, and in 1843 was
made manager of the mills of William Hurd,
a paper manufacturer of Newton, who after-
ward became his father-in-law. In 1845 ilr. .
Curtis went to New Hampshire for a short
time and then to New York, to ovei-see the
mill of his brother Edward.

In 1818 ilr. Curtis and his brother George,
came to Newark and ])urchase<l a paper mill.
1'hey liad a capital of $3,000, which tliey
quickly exhausted. They made extensive im-
provements upon the plant, and Ijegan oper-
ating it with a debt of $30,000. The firm
name was Curtis & Brother. In 1850, Fred-
erick Atigustus Ciu'ti.s purchased the interest
of Georne (^urtis, and with Soluuion

ilinot Curtis, conducted the business until his
death in 1884. During these tlurty-four
years, Curtis & Brother built up an extensive
and profitable trade. After the death of his
Ijrother, Solomon Minot Curtis retired from
active business, and the mills are now con-
ducted by the sons of Frederick Augustus
Curtis.

Solomon ilinot Curtis has been very suc-
cessful, because he foi'ced success from his un-
dertakings. He is in gi-eat part a self-made
man, masterful and astute. He has always
commanded the esteem of his fellowmen by
his inteUigence,. industry and rectitude. In
ISGl he was elected a member of the state
legislature for one term ; he has been a stock-
holder and director of the National Bank of
Newark for twenty-five years, and its vice-
president for the past eight years; is a stock-
holder and director of the Farmers' ^Mutual
Fire Assurance Comi)any of Wilmington ;
director of the Equitable Guarantee and
Trust Company' of Wilmington; tiiistee of
Delaware College, appointed in 18G8 by the
original board; trustc.-e of the P. E. Di^-inity
School of Philadelphia. Mr. Curtis, as will
be observed, takes great interest in educational
matters, and the in.-^titutions with which he is
connected have profited much by his advice
and material assistance. ]\lr. Curtis has trav-
e!e<^l extensively, has made a number of trijjs
to Europe, and journeyed across the United
States five times. He is a consistent supporter
of the Kopublican party.

On September 5th, 1844, in Ne\vton, Mass.,
Solomon Minot Curtis man-ied Adeline II..
daughter of William Hurd, deceased, once a
paper manufacturer of Newton, ilre. Curtis
was born in 1824. Their children are: I. Ed-
ward ]\r., born November 5, 1845, died Octo-
ber 23, 1888, was a drnggist of Boston; II.
Sarah II., born l^farch 27, 1850, married
Allyn Brewer, merchant, of !Merchantville,
N. J., has one child, ]\Iinot C. ; III. Walter ( !.,
born June 22, 1855, at home. !Mrs. Curtis is
a lady of much refinement and culture. She
and i^fr. Curtis are members of the P. E.
clnirch of Newark. 'Mr. (Jurtis has been sen-
ior warden of the church for forty years, was
a Sunday school teacher in his earlier years,
and has been secretary of tlie Episcopal con-
ventions for the past thirty-nine years.

BOBEBT J. ]\I0BB1S0N, P. O. Ogleton,
Del., son of Chai'lis .\. and Sarah Kutli

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STATE OF DELAWARE

G85

(Cling) Mon-ison, was Lorn at Elkdale, Ches-
ter county, J^a., September 8, 1842.

John Morrison, grandfather of Robert J.
iloiTison, was born in A\'hite Clay Creek hun-
dred, Xew Castle county, and while young
served an apprcnticeshij) :\3 a hatter, lie fol-
lowed that trade throughout his life in Dela-
ware and Pliihulclijhia. lie was a Democrat.
John ilorrison married Margaret, daughter of
A\'illiam Arn^^trong, of NewiU'k. Mr. Arm-
strong was a well-known citizen of Delaware.
J\lr. and ^Irs. .Morrison had children: I. Ann
(Mvs. Dr. C E. Armstrong), of jV^ew London,
Chester county, Pa.; 11. Charles A.; HI.
Jane (Mre. James Connoi-s), Andow, of Piiila-
dclphia. ]\[r. iforrison died in Philadelphia
and was buried there; ]\Ii-s. Morrison died at
the residence of her daughter, !^[rs. Ann-
strong, in New London; she was interred in
the White Clay Creek graveyard.

Cliarles A. Morrison, father of Robert J.
Morrison, was born in Newark, Del., August
12, ISI'2. He. attended tlie public schools of
AVilmington, to which city ho removed with
his parents when he was five years old. There
he karned tailoring wth William Ford, for
whom he worked four yeai-s, and then finished
liis trade in Philadelphia. Returning to Wil-
mington, he was employed as a journej'nian
and for several years conducted a tailoring es-
tablishment on his own account, after which
lie went to Elkdale, Chester county. Pa., and
for seventeen years was a successful mer-
chant tailor in that place, ilr. Morrison then
came to White Clay Creek hundred, and pur-
chased the fann of ]0G acres on which he now
resides, and on which he raises the usual farm
jiroduce, including large quantities of market
vegetables. Until the Civil war, Ifr. Arm-
strong was a Democrat, but since then he has
been a Republican. In 1837, in Wilmington,
Chai'les A. Morri.son man-ied Sarah Cling,
born in Christiana hundred. They had one
child, Robert J. Mi"s. Sarah ^lorrison died
al Klkdale, Chester county. Pa., and was bur-
ied at New London, Pa. ilr. ilorrison mar-
ned as his second wife, Rachel, daughter of
ilajor William Armstrong. Their children
are: I. Anna filrs. T'liarles Stewart); II.
James A. ^Irs. "Rafhol Morrison died in
]>^nL and was biiried in St. James P. E.
churchyard, ^fr. Morrison is a member of the
Presbyterian church.

Rol ert J. ^lorri'^on attended public and
Pubscrii)tion schools in Chester county, the

New London Academy, under Professor
James P. iMcDowell, and Newark (Del.)
Academy, under Professor Weston. Until ho
was twenty-live ycai-s old he assisted his father
on his farm in New Castle county, Del., and
then suj)crintcndcd the cultivation of the
projjcrty for four years. Afterward he leased
the Armstrong fann for three yeai-s, and in
]b7-4 purchased from Robert Ferguson a
tract of 140 acres near Ogleton. There ho
has lived for the past twenty-four years, farm-
ing his productive land and breeding swift
trotting horses. ^Ir. ilorrison has always had
a fondness for good horees, and in 187(J began
the development of a stock fann which is
widely known and celebrated for the excel-
lence of the horses bred there. He has raced
his horses in all sections of the country, and
they have participated in contests of speed on
nearly all the best trotting tracks. Mr. ]\Iorri-
son began his stable and racing string Avith the
trotter May, record 2:25 1-2. lie has since
raised Ida May, record 2:49 1-4; ]\Iayflower,
2 :42, l\iiy Pell 2 :M 1-4; Ora May, Sadie May
and May B. lie bre<l also the well-known
stallion, Christiana. He has won many purees
in his racing engagements and his horees and
colts always command high prices at sales. !Mr.
ilorrison is popular and esteemed. He liaa
been assessor and road commissioner in Penca-
der hundred, and in 189G was candidate on
the Republican ticket for election to the Levy
Court. He is a Republican, diifering in his
political views from every ^lomson in the
state, except his father. His first vote was for
Lincoln for president in 1864, and his ballot
has been cast for Republican candidates ever
since.

On December 21, 18C9, in Philadelphia,
Robert J. Moi-rison was married to Anna J.,
tlaughter of Robert Armstrong and grand-
daughter of !Major William Armstrong, of
White Clay Creek hundred. New Castle
county. !Mrs. i^forrison Avas born in White
Clay Creek hundred. ^Ir. ilorrison is a mem-
ber of the Presbyterian church; IMrs. Morri-
son of the P. E. church.

Robert J. ^Morrison has not had children of
his own, but has an adopted son, AVilliam R.
Lyman, a nephew of ]\Ii-s. ]\Iorrison and son
of the late Lewis C Lynmn, who was a well-
known young farmer of White Clay Creek
Hundred. Lewis C. Lyman was born in that
hundred in ]S,")0, a son of William R. Lvnian,
who was sheriff of New Castle county. He at-

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■686

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tended the piibUe schools of his neifthl)Orlio()d,
and n.'niained with his father until his uiilinie-
Ij death. lie was engiiged in fannini;- for a
nnniber of years. On February -I'.), IbTii, in
Xew Castle, Lewis C. Lyman was niarrii'd to
!Xaonii, daughter of Koln-rt Armstrong, and
sister uf ]\Irs. Ivobert J. ^lorrison. They had
one eliild, WilUam li. ]\Ir. Tvvnuin died in
1^75, and was buried in the family plot in St.
James P. E. churchyard at Stanton. His
^ndow and son reside wth ilr. Morrison, wiio
has adopted the latter.

JOIIX SIXGER, Ogleton, New Castle
county, Del., son of iliehael Singer, \vas born
in Pavaria, Genuany, Xovenibcr 15, 1820.

]\[iehael Singer, also a native of Bavaria,
was a shepherd. His children are: I. Fred-
erick; 11. Casper; IIL :\ragdalcna; TV. ]^al-
thazar, butcher, emigrated to ^Vnienca, and
settled in Philadelphia, Pa.; V. John; YL
Catherine. ]\Ir. Singer and his wife were
inenibei"s of the Lutheran church. Poth died
in Bavaria.

John Singer received a good edtication in
his native land, and according to the custom
of the country, followed his father's occupa-
tion. But this peacefid life had no attraction
for the resstless, andiitious youth. Eager to
improve his fortunes, and to see the strange
new land of which he had heard and read, he
followed his brother's exam])le and left his
native country, never to return. In 1857,
bidding farewell to ])arents, home and friends,
he took passage at Bremen, (jcnnany, on the
sailing vessel Lucy, bound for America, and
after thirty-five days of tossing and buffeting
on the stormy Atlantic, landed in Xew York
harbor. "With empty pockets, but a stout
lieai't and,^kilful, willing hands, he worked his
way from Xew York to Philadelphia, where
he spent three weeks with his brother Bal-
thazar. AVhilo in Philadelphia, .Mr. Singtr
was married to Mary Barbara Schester, his
countrywoman, who also had made the voy-
age to America in the Lucy. After their mar-
riage Mr. Singer and his bride settle<l in
AVhite Clay Creek hundred, Xew Castle coun-
ty, where he was employed as a day laborer on
the farm of John ]\IcCoy, father of Hon. W.
B. ilcCoy, of Dtdawarc. ilr. Singer received
eleven dollars per month for the fii-st year, and
for the second twelve dollars per month. The
joung coui)le were frugal and industri(ms, and
by working as laborer^ until 18(i7, they saved

n)oney enough to enable them to rent a small
l';irni, on which ilr. Singer began business as
a market gardener. In 18G1) Air. Singer pur-
chased his [(resent home, a farm of i>',i acres,
known as th(> Batton place. Tlio price of the
I'i.nn was .1;:!,l()i).

Mr. Singer's assets were one hundred dol-
lars, frugal, intlustri(jus haliit^, sound health
and indomitable energy. For thirty-five years
he has been cultivating this farm, and has not
only j)aid every dollar of debt, but after mak-
ing many improvements, building a comforta-
ble dwelling, liarn and out buildings, has
added acre after acre until he is the owner of
80 acres of fertile land, well-tilled and in ex-
cellent order. During the war of the Rebel-
lion, Mr. Singer enlisted at Wilmington, in
Septend)er, 1802, in Company II, Third Mary-
land Cavalry, Colonel Kirby, Captain (Joul-
field, and scrveil his adopted country for three
years and one month. Ho took part in the
Seven Days battle, in which he received a
sword wouml in the right arm, and in a nimi-
ber of minor engagements. He was honorably
tlischarged at Yicksbnrg, iliss., in September,
1805. While in the army, Mi: Singer did not
spend a single day in the hos])ital, but he is
now suffering from the effects of the hardships
wliich he then endured. Mr. Singer was at
first a Republican, afterwards a Democrat
and following his convictions, has again be-
come an active worker in the Re]niblican
ranks. Kind-hearted and generous, he has a
large circle of friends, and is esteemed and
honored in the comnuinity for his integrity
and business ability. The children of John
and ]\lary B. (Schester) Singer are: I. Henry;
11. John B., died in youth; III. George, died
in youth. Mr. Singer, his wiie and family,
are membei-s of the M. E. church, ili-s.
Singer is a beneficent Christian woman, active
in all good works.

Henry B. Singer was bom in White Clay
Creek hundred, in 1858. lie was educated in
public schools of the district, and has s]ient his
wliole life on the home farm with his parents.
Like his father, he is a member of the Repub-
lican jiarty. Henry Singer was man-ied in
July, 187U, to .Mary Guthrie, a native of Xew
Castle county. Their children are: I. Bertha
B., an efficient teacher in White Clay Creek
hundred; H. William; IIL Joseph; IV.
(ieorge, died in infancy. Mr. Hcni-y Singer
and his wfe are devout members of the M. E.
chtnvh.

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.-.^O 'vi!

STATE OF DELAWARE

G87

JOHN II. MARVEL, 2, Stanton, Del.,
eon of John II. and Sarah (^liller) Marvel,
was born in lirandywine hundred, New ('astle
county, Del., ilarch 22, 1851).

Charles Man'el, grandfather of John 11.
Man-el, was horn in Chester county. Pa., and
was of Scotch descent. lie spent his entire
life in Chester county as a farm laborer. Ho
was an industrious, honest man. In politics
he was a Federalist, and afterward a Whig.
Charles Marvel was married, in (Chester coun-
ty, to Leah ; they had children: I. John

II.; II. Deborah (ili^s. Thomjid Brown), of
AVilminglon, widow; III. Charles, of Ohio;
IV. Kebecea (Mrs. James Johnson), de-
ceased; V. James, of ilarvland; VI. Erastus
S., of Philadelphia. Three children died
young. Mr. Marvel died in Chester county
and was buried in the West Hampton Baptist
churchyard. !Mrs. ilarvel died in Wilming-
ton and was buried in Asbury churchyard.
She was a member of the Baptist church.

John II. .Man'el was born in (Jhester coun-
ty, Pa., SeptendKT I'J, 18;!0. lie entered the
jniblic schools of the neighborhood, but ob-
tained only a limited education, as it was ncc-
Cbsary for him early in life to earn his own
support. He began as a laborer for the farm-
trs in Chester county, and after a time was
able to lease a farm. Ho continued fanning
as a tenant in Chester county for eleven years,
and then removed to Philadelphia. In that
city lie began shoe-making. Although he had
iic\'er served an ajiprenticeship at tin; trade, he
quickly developeil intu a skilk'^l workman.
I'rom Philadelphia he went to Wilmington,
l)el., two years later to Brandywine hundred,
and two years afterward, in 1SG4, he came to
Stanton. In each of these places he worked
at his self-taught trade, and in Stanton he
added that of masoniy, which he acquired as
he did shoe-making. For the past thirty-four
years he has followed both CK-cupatiims in
Stanton. He is well-known and respected here.
He is sexton of the Presbyterian church, a
member of Diamond Ivodge, No. l(i, K. of P.,
of JIai'shallton, Del., and a Repulilican in his
jiolitical views. John II. ^^larvel was nuirried
in Beading, Pa., in 1855, to Sarah ]\Iiller,
born in Berks county. Pa., and of German de-
scent. 'Idiey had children: I. Anna (Mrs.
Closes JeiTcll), docca.sed; IT. Mary Emnui,
died young; 111. John II., 2; IV. Jeniiio
CMrs." Clinton Steel), of Mill Creek Inmdivd;
V. Ulysses C, employed in Kiamonsi Woolen

Mills, married Ella R. Megargee, of lilill
Creek hundred, New Castle county, Del.; VI.
Frederick L., enqiloyed in the woolen mills,
n'anied Mary KadcdilL Mrs. Marvel died in
Stanton in 1871, and was buried in the M.
E. graveyard at Newport, Del. She was a
good woman, and had nuuiy friends.

John II. iMarvel, 2, attended the public
s(diools of Sainton until ho was thirteen years
old. Then he started to work at Dean &
I'illing'swoolen mills in StKinton. His wages
were fifty cents per day. After several years
there he removed to the Kiamensi mills in Mill
Creek hundred. He was employed there in
the carding department until 1888, when he
was appointed assistant superintendent of the
branch mill in Stanton. Here he has spent
the past ten years, giving satisfaction to his
employers by his zealous and intelligent dis-
charge of his duties and holding the esteem of
his subordinates by his tinn treatment of them.
]\lr. Marvel is a Republican but does not take
an active part in politics.

John H. ilarvel, 2, was man-ied in 1880,
in Christiana, Del, to Ella Zebley. Mrs.
^larvel was born in Wilining-ton. They had
children: I. Frank, cnq)loved in woolen mill;
II. William; III. J<Jin; IV. Anna; V. Laura;
VI. Jennie; VII. Ella. The members of the
fanuly of "Mr. ilanxd attend the Presbyterian
church.

V':'
&*.*'•

JOHN N. BARLOW, Stanton, Del., son
of Nicholas and Lydia (Lane) Barlow, was
boni in llolniesburg, Philadelphia county.
Pa., October 11, 184,^.

Nicholas Barlo^v, father of John N. Bar-
low, was born in Aiipoquinimink hundred,
New Castle county, Del., and received a good
English education in the district schocds. He
learned milling, and after he had acquired his
trade, removed to Pittsburg, Pa., where he
obtained a petition as lock-tender on the
canal of the Pennsylvania company. After-
wards he came east \\nth his family, and .settled
in Ilolmesburg, Philadeljihia county. He fol-
lowed his trade there until his death. He was
a well-informed man and a diligent Bible stu-
dent. Politically, he was a Democrat. Nich-
olas Barlow married Lydia Lane, bom in Ap-
pocpiinimink hundred. Her father was killed
in the War of 1812. Mr. and Mrs. Barlow
had children: 1. Mary (Mrs. Charles Jack-
.'ion), of Chester county. Pa.; II. Lydia (.Mi^.
Levi Travis), died in Steward, 'ill; III.

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688

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

!Maria, niamed Jacob Thomas, who was killed
ill the Uattle of the ^^'ikh■rncss, in ilay, 1SIJ4;

IV. George, died during the Civil War, was a
member of the lourth liegiment, Delaware
Volunteer Infantry; V. Charh'S, diid in
Saliiliury prison, N. C, was a member of the
fourth Regiment, DeLiware Volunteer Infan-
try; VI. Louise (]\Irs. Henry Kumer), of
AVhite Clay Creek hundred; VII. John N.;
VIII. Emma (iLrs. Samuel Jones), of AVil-
uiington, Del. Five ehildren died young.
^Nicholas Barlow died in Ilolmesburg, in
185-1, and was buried in the il. E. eemetery
of that place. He was an active member of
the M. E. church. Mrs. Barlow died in Phil-
adelphia, in 1SS9, and was buried in Bustleton
cemetery. She was an honored member of
the ^[. E. church, and a good wife and mother.

John N. Barlow attended the public
schools of White Clay Creek hundred for a
short time. When he was eight years old he
began working on a farm, and continued it for
several years. Then he went to riiiladelphia,
and was employed in a butcher shop f(ir twelve
months. For the ne.xt two years, he was en-
gaged at Frankford ai'senal, and in 18G4 he
secured a position in the iron-rolling mills at
]\rarshallton, Del., which he held for a year.
Then he obtained employment in the Kia-
mensi woolen mills in Alill Creek hundred,
jSTew Castle county, operated by Dean & Pil-
ling. In 1875 he was placed in charge of the
sjiinning department of the Kiamensi woolen
mills at Stanton. For the past twenty-three
yeai-s he has l>een a very capable foreman, giv-
ing satisfaction to his employers, and winning
the esteem of the men in his department, ilr.

Barlow is a memljer of Lodge No.

2G, F. & A. M., of Newport, Del., of Diamond
Lodge, No. 10, K. of P., of Marshallton, Del.;
and of a lodge of the A. O. U. W., at New-
port, lie is a Bepublican, but has never
sought office.

John N. Barlow was married in 1871, at
Kiamensi, Mill Creek hundred, to Eliza J.,
daughter of Joshua Simpers, a well-known
citizen of Stanton. Their children ai-e: T.
Charles, weaver in woolen mill, married Eva
(iuthrie; II. Sadie, at home; III. John, em-
ytlovfd in Stant^>n woolen mills; IV. George;

V. Josej.h; TT. Gertrude. 'Mr. Barlow and
family attend the M. E. church.

AAP.ON BAKEU, P. O.

lie, Xew Castle countv, Did

:\[(C1
, was

,ds-

Edgemont township, Delaware countv. Pa.,
February 13, 1817.

Aaron Baker is a descendant of one of the
oldest and most honorable families of Dela-
ware county, I'a. lie was educiite<l in the
subscription schools of liis native townsliij),
and remained on the home fai'ui, assisting with
the work and learning the principles of hus-
bandry, until he was twenty-one. In ISo!),
Mr. Baker began farming on shares for his
uncle, Israel Vogdes. Four years afterwards
he removed to Chester county, Pa., where he
dealt in live stock, traveling through the
count}' and shipping to the eastern markets.
In 1849 Mr. Baker removed to Delaware, and
purchased his present home, the Vogdes farm,
then consisting of 110 acres of unimproved
h.nd situated near ilcClellandsnlle, White
Clay Creek hundred. New Castle county. For
more than fifty years Mr. Baker has been cul-
tivating this land. With unremitting indus-
try, lie has toiled early and late, clearing and
tilling the land, until by jiatient labor he has
turned a barren waste into fertile fields. Be-
sides enriching the land, Air. Baker has im-
jjroved his i)roperty by erecting a comfortable
dwelling with a barn and out buildings, and
by planting orchards of jtcach and other fruit
trees. He not only harvests large crops of
grain, but is particularly siiccessful in raising
tine cattle and choice fruits. Mr. Baker is a
lU'pnblican, a life long worker in the ranks.
He cast his tirst vote for \V. 11. Harrison in
1840, and his last for William AIcKinley. He
has never sought political honors, but has
served for some time on the board of school
commissioners. Air. Baker's industry and in-
tegrity have won the respect and contidenee of
the community. For nmny years he has been
one of the directore of the National Bank of
Newai-k, Del. He is interested in all the af-
faii-s of the district, anxious to promote its ag-
ricultural interests, and is a member of
Grange No. 5, P. of H.

Aaron liaker was man-icd in Philadelphia,
Pa., to Sarah Ann, daughter of Thomas
James, a well-known citizen of Chester
county. Pa., where his da\ighter. Aire. Baker,
was born. Their children are: I. AVellington,
died in youth; II. Francis L., machinist, AVil-
mington, Del., attended the public schools of
(,'hester county, and coniplet(>d his couree at
Delaware ColicRc; III. Sarah L. (Airs. Elias
P. Crossan), of AVhite Clay Creek hundred,
>>ew Castle county, Del. Mrs. Baker died at

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STATE OF DELAWARE

fiSO

lier homo in New Castle county, Del., in Feb-
ruary, 1891; she is buried at tlie Head of
Christiana church cemetery. Mv. Baker was
curly instructed in the iieaceful doctrines of
the Society of Friends; he is kindheaiied, ben-
evolent, and liberal in his views upon religious
subjects.

ifOBEKT AKAISTRONG, P. O. Christi-
ana, New Castle county, Del., son of Robert
and ]Mary (Price) Armstrong, was born in
White Clay Creek hundred, New Castle
county, Del., ifarch 31, 1S32.

AVilliam Armstrong, grandfather of Robert
Annstrong, was a descendant of one of tiie old
Swedish families who were the earliest set-
tles of Delaware. lie owned and cultivated
a tract of land in Christiana hundred, New
i^astle county. During the struggle for inde-
pendence, William Armstrong shuuldered his
musket, and shared the hardslii])s and tri-
umphs of the Continental army. lie was a
brave soldier, and as tiie reward of valor, was
jtromoted step by step until, at the end of the
war, he was ^lajor Annstrong, a title by
which he was always called. He devoted his
attention to husbandi-y, and spent his whole
life on his farm, improving the land and erect-
ing suitable buildings. Mr. Armstrong Avas
a Whig, interested in the welfare and progress
of the district, and highly esteemed by his fel-
low-citizens for ins industry and integrity.
The children of William Armstrong and his
wife, Ann Armstrong, are: I. Robert; II.
Poulson; III. William; lY. James; V. George
D.; YI. Evelina (]\[rs. Thomas Lyman); YII.
Ann; YIII. Rachel (iMrs. Charles ^lon-ison),
of Pencader hundred. New Castle county.
]\[r. Armstrong and his \vife were membei-s of
St. James Episcopal church. lie died at his
home in Christiana hundred, and is buried in
the cemetery adjoining St, James' church.
He was a kind, devoted husband and father.
His widow also died on the homestead, and is
buried beside her husband.

^Ir. Armstrong's father, Robert Ann-
strong, was born on tho liomestead in Christi-
ana liundrc<l, in ISOC. Ho received a goo<l
I'nglish education in the public schools of his
hundred, and being a thoughtful, intelligent
youth, continued to iinyirove his nund by read-
ing and study at home. He spent his life in
tho cultivation of the soil; but although he
was a ])rogressive, scientific farmer, he did not

confine bis attention to agricultural snbject.s;
he was a thoughtful observer of cnnent
events, and an interesting talker on tiio topics
of the day. Mr. Armstrong remained at iioino
assisting his father on the liomestead until
he attained his majority, when ho began
farming for himself, renting the Caino ])ro-
perty in White Clay (Jreck hundred, New
Castle county. After cultivating this land
for eighteen years he reniuve<l to the Wilson
farm near Newark, Del., where he renuiined
for four years. Industry and frugality had
enabled ilr. Armstrong to accumulate suffi-
cient capital to purchase a homestead. He
therefore bought 150 acres of the Spradley
tract, in Pencader hundred. New Castle coun-
ty, paying fifty dollars per acre. He imme-
diately began improving and beautifying this
property. Mr. Armstrong spent the re-
mainder of his life on this farm, and by his in-
telligent, liberal management greatly increas-
ed its value. He was very successful, not oidy
in general fanning, but in raising tine cattle.
Mr. Armstrong was a Whig, and afterwards a
Iiepublican, but since the war of the Rebel-
lion, and the subsequent legislation establish-
ing equal rights of suffrage for the races, he
has voted the Democratic ticket. Rol)ert
Armstrong was married in Christiana hun-
dred to ]\rary, daughter of Spencer Price, a
citizen of Christiana hundred, where Mrs.
Armstrong was born. Their children are:
I. William, died in early manhood; II. Ro-
bert; III. Spencer, died in the ])rinie of life;
lY. Ann Elizabeth, died in youth; V. Mary
(Mrs. Joseph Brooks); YI. Adeline {Mrs.
William Coverdale), of Wilmington, Del.;
YII. Anna Julia (Mrs. Robert H. Morrison),
of White Clay Creek hundred; YIII. Naomi
(Airs. Lewis Lynman); IX. A child who died
in infancy. ]\Ir. Annstrong and his wife were
members of St. James Episcopal church, in
which he was a warden for many years. He
died at his home in White Clay Creek hun-
dred, in 1878, and is buried in the cemetery
adjoining St. James' church. His widow
died at the homestead in 1SG4, and is inten-ed
in tho family burial place in St. James' ceme-
tery. She was a devout Christian, and an ac-
tive, efficient worker in the church.

Robert Armstrong attended the public
schools of White Clay ('reek hundrcfl, and
completed his scholastic studies at Newark
Academy, under Professor Polk. He re-

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690

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

mained at home until he was twenty-seven,
assisting his father in the cultivation of the
homestead, and acquiring a thorough practi-
cal kiuiwlcdge of the principles of husbandry,
and a taste for the quiet pleasure of rural life.
In 1859 llr. Armstrong began farming for
himself, renting the AVilson property, a farm
qi ISO acres of arable land situated near
Newark, Del. After cultivating this place
for some years he removed to Pcncadcr hun-
dred, New Castle county, and for two years
rented the Bradley farm. In 18115 ]\Ir. Arm-
strong purchased his present home, fonuerly
known as the Seckler farm, consisting of 155
acres of fertile land, situated in White Clay
Creek hundred, New Castle county. Mr.
Armstrong is not only a successful, but a
scientific and progi'essive farmer. He has
greatly improved his property, erecting build-
ings, planting orchards and establishing a
dairy whose products command the highest
prices. Mr. Armstrong's well-tilled fields
yield abundant crops of grain, while his cattle
are of the best breeds and in excellent condi-
tion. He also pays particular attention to
market gardening, attending market and him-
self disposing of the products of his farm,
daily and orchard. Like his father he was a
AVhig, hut was opposed to equal suifrage
rights, and^'.as since the war of the Iicbel-
lion, identified himself with the Democratic
party. His fellow-citizens, recognizing his in-
telligence and business ability, have called
him to sen'e as road conunissioner for six
years and as school conunissioner for nine
years. Mr. Armstrong's genial, friendly num-
ncr makes him a general favorite, while his
industry and integrity have won the respect
and ci>nfi<lence of the community.

Eobert Armstrong was married in White
Clay Creek Inmdred, in 18(31. to Jane, daugh-
ter of Captain William Brooks, of New Cas-
tle county. !Mrs. Armstrong was horn in
New Castle. Their children are: I. ilarga-
ret, man-ied B. A. Ortjves, an employee of
the Kiamensi Woolen ilills. Mill Creek hun-
dred, New Castle county; IT. William, died
aged seventeen; HI. Annie INfay (^^frs. John
Taylor), of New Castle hundred; IV. Fanny,
educated in the public schools of White Clay
Creek hundred, gTaduate<l from .Vewark
Academy, for twelve years a successful
teacher in the public schools of White Clay
Creek and Pencader hundreds; V. Amies,

died in youth; YI. Jennie, a graduate of
Newark Academy, and a teacher in the public
schools, married Daniel ilaloney, blacksmith.
Bed Lion, Del.; VIL Eleanor Thena; Vlll.
Kobert L. ; TX. Ilarviy Spencer; X. iMay
]\Iorrison; Nl. LIsie. Air. Annstrong, his
wife ami family, are meml>ei-s of St. James'
Episcopal church. Mrs. Annstrong's kind,
thoughtful manner and fine conversational
powers add greatly to the attractions of her
genial, hospitable home.

GEOBGE A. CASIIO, P. O. Newark,
Del., son of George and Ann (Ash) Casho,
was bora in Cecil county, Md., October 19,
1818.

The Caslio family is of Huguenot origin.
Jacob Casho, grandfather of George A.
Casho, was born in France near the Ijegin-
ning of the eighteenth century, but at the age
of seven, accompanied his parents to Ger-
many, when they, with many of their coun-
trymen, left their home on account of the re-
vocation of the Edict of Nantes, in the reign
of Louis F<uirteenth. Jacob Casho was edu-
cated in Germany, and there also he learned
silk-weaving. When he reached manhood,
he came to America and settletl in Wilming-
ton, Del., in that section of the city known as
Quaker Hill. There he learned baking, and
e.stablished himself in business as a cracker
baker. He had been thus engaged for a niun-
ber of yeai-s, when the revolt of the American
colonies against the tyranny of George III
caused the great struggle on this continent
between English-speaking people. Jacob
C'asho knew what restriction of liberty meant
and he was quick to join the army of the colo-
nists. As a native Frenchnuui, he was de-
tailed to the statf of General Lafaj'ette, when
that lover of justice and freedom came to
America to aid -with his sword and his for-
tune, the heroic people who resisted British
oppression. ]\rr. Casho acted as interjjreter
for the French ally during his service under
fJeneral Washington, and was a valued aid to
him. After the Tievolution, Jacob Casho re-
mo\-ed from Wilmington to Cecil county,
Aid., an<l purchased a tract of laiul near Iron
Hill. There he spent the remainder <if his
life as a farmer. He also dcvotcil some time
to the weaving of saddle girths, on hand
looms which he erected for that ))urpose in his
home. He was widely known and greatly re-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

G93

spected because of his strong iKJi-sonality and
liis services dunng the Kevohition. In his
jiulitical views he was a follower of Thomas
JftVcrsoii. Jacob Casho married iliss Crit-
zeii, and had children: I. j\Iary (Mrs. U'liomas
Howard), of Elkton, Md.; II. Elizabeth
(.Mrs. James Scott); III. Sarah (Mrs. Jacob
Ash); IV. George; Y. Anna (ilrs. Samuel
Holland). ]\Ir. Casho died in Cecil county,
]\Id., in 1823; his remains and those of his
■wife were buried in the Head of Christiana
Presbyterian churchyard. Mr. Casho and his
family were members of the Presbyterian
church.

George Casho, father of George A. Casho,
was born in Wilmington, Del., and received
a good education. He was afterward appren-
ticed to a blacksmith and wheelwright, and
followed those trades throughout his life,
erecting his shops at the Frenchtown X Poads,
Cecil county, Md. He, like his father, was a
believer in the political doctrines taught by
Thomas Jefferson, and added to them those
of Andrew Jackson. George Casho married
Ann Ash, a member of an old Eastern Shore
(]\Id.) family. Their children were: I.
Jacob, of Newark, retired; II. George A.;
III. ^lary Ann, deceased; IV. Sarah (]Mrs.
Thomas Peece), deceased; V. Eliza (Mi-s.
AVilliam F. !Mote), of Newark. !]\Ir. Casho
died at Iron Hill, Md., in 1S42; Mrs. Casho
died at the same place, and both were buried
in the Head of Christiana graveyard. They
were members of the Presbyterian church.

George A. Casho acquired his education in
siiijscription schools in Cecil county, ild.
"When still a mere boy he obtained employ-
ment on a farm at wages of $3 per month,
and continued for several yeai-s to bo thus
employed. When the construction of the P.,
A\'. lV B. R. R. was begun, he was engaged
to drive a team, and was paid for this $10
per month. In 1S3G he obtained a situation
as track-layer, and then received $1.25 per
day. In 1837 Mr. Casho came to Delaware,
and was engaged to cut timber and help about
the sawmill of "William Johnson, on the land
where IMr. Casho now resides, in White Clay
Creek hundred. New Castle ci>unty. In 1812
he was made mnnnper of the mill, and the
ne.xt year Mr. Johnson received him into
partnei-ship. For ten years he conducted the
o])eration of the mill and a farm in a profit-
able manner. In 1853 the firm of William
39

Johnson & Co., machinists, began the manu-
facture of farm implements, etc. In 1857
]\Ir. Casho retired from the firm and has de-
voted the past forty-one years to the cultiva-
tion of his farm of KJU acres in White Clay
Creek hundred. Mr. Caslio is a good example
of the self-made man who has had a success-
ful career, because of his industry and thrift.
Ho is intelligent and well-read, and in his
community none stands higher in the general
esteem. He is a member of the Grange, and
has been a life-long Democrat. His first vote
was cast in 1840 for Martin VanBuren for
President.

In 1842, in White C!lay Creek hundred,
George A. Casho married Elizabeth, daughter
of James ]\Iote, a well-known citizen of Mill
Creek hundred, ilr. and Mrs. Casho have
children: I. James M., fanner, of Cecil coun-
ty, Md.; II. Anna, a woman of culture and
refinement, at home; III. George, at home;
1\". Margaret (Mi-s. John L. Hanna), of Bal-
timore, was a school teacher. Mrs. Casho
died in June, 187G, and was buried in the
Head of Christiana churchyard. She was a
member of the Presbyterian cliurch, as are
]\lr. Casho and his surviving family.

WILLIAil J. WHITTEN, P. 0. Chris-
tiana, Del., son of Thomas and Annie C.
(Campbell) Whitten, was born at Campbell's
Shops, near Wilmington, Del., February 12,
1848.

Thomas Whitten, father of William J.
Whitten, was born in County Fermanagh,
Ireland, and there followed the occupation of
a farmer. After his marriage, he came to
America in a sailing vessel. The winds blew
him and his bride slowly across the ocean,
and it was eight weeks before the port of
Philadelphia was reached. ]\rr. and ilrs.
Whitten went immediately to Wilmington,
Del., and the former was engaged to culti-
vate one of the DuPont farms in Brandywine
hundred. New Castle county. He remained
there a few years, then went to the Green
farm, in the same hundred, for several years;
then leased the Campby farm in Christiana
hundred, near Newport; thence went to New
Castle hundred, and was tenant on the Spen-
cer D. Coc farm until ISfiO. ]\[r. Whitten
then purcha.«ed the William Oliver fann of
205 acres in White Clay Creek hundred, and
died there six months later. He was a Whig

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694

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

in his political views. Thomas Whitteu luar-
ried in Ireland .Mary E. Lyttle, a native of
County Fermanagh. They had ehildi"en, all
born in America: I. Thomas, of Wilminf;-
ton; J [. Georj;e, died in early manhood; JIT.
John, died in middle age; IV. Davitl; V.
William J.; VI. Charles, died young; Vil.
,Jose]ih, ship carpenter, of Wilmington.
Thomas Whitten died in ISOO; his widow
died oil the farm in White Clay Creek hun-
dred, January 30, 1805; both were buried
in ilount Salem 1'. E. churLdiyard. !^^rs.
Wliitten was an excellent woman, devout, and
a good motlier.

William J. Whitten attended the public
schools of A^ew Ca.-^tle hundred, of Stant<jn,
White Clay Creek hundred and Newark
Academy, under Professor E. D. Porter. He
assisted his father on tlie farm until the hit-
ter's death, and afterward had charge of it
until 1865. In that 3'ear he leased a farm of
90 acres in Mili Creek hundred and spent a
few yeai-s there. Then he returned to the
liome fann, and has lived there since, manag-
ing it in partnei-ship with his brother David.
They are extensively and successfidly en-
gaged in stock-raising, market-gai-dening and
the cultivation of grain. AVilliam J. Whit-
ten is a practical, modern farmer, who gives
careful attention to his stock and other pro-
duets, and finds a continued study of his oc-
cupation as necessary as it is to the success of
any other industry. lie is recognized as a
man of intelligence and force, and has served
as school commissioner for five years, and as
road commissioner for one term. lie is a
member of Christiana Castle, Xo. 20, K. 0.
E., has passed through all the chairs, and is
a member of the Grand Castle of the State
of Delaware. lie is a consistent Kepubliean.

On December 25, 1874, in Philadelphia,
William J. Whitten was married to Annie C.
Campbell, burn in Cilasgow, Scotland. Their
children are: I. William James, at liome; II.
David Thomas, at home; III. Oliver C; IV.
Harrison ^Morton. Three cliildren, George,
Oliver and , died young. !Mr. Wliit-
ten and family are members of the ^1. E.
church.

^Irs. Whitten is a daughter of the late
Daviil Campbell, of Glasgow, Scotland. ^\v.
Campbell was a wheelwright, and married
ifary Ann Brown, uf Londonderry, Ireland,
^\■ho was (jf Scotch-Irish de-cnit. Mr.

Cani])bell died in Glasgow, and his widow re-
turned to her native I.ondonderry, with her
daughter. When ilrs. AVhitten was twelve
years old she came to America on the sailing
vessel Villdije llcll. She was in charge of
some friends, ami was given into the care of
her uncle, William Campbell, of (Jhristiana,
Del., with wluim she made her home until
her marriage. She is an admirable wife and
mother, with her Scotch tinnness and wit,
and strong love for her family. She is an
earnest Chnstian woman and has a place in
the afTeetions of all who know her.

JAMES TIBBITT, P. 0. Ogleton, Del.,
son of Samuel (T) and Pebecca Tibbitt, was
born near Smyrna, Kent county, Del., No-
vember 8, 1852.

His father died wlien James Tibbitt was
three yeai-s. old, and as soon as he had suffi-
cient strength to load a wagon or guide a
plow, he was emjiloyed by the farmers
in his neighborhood. He had attended the
Garnian public school for a short time, and
obtained there all the training he ever re-
ceived from teachers. He worked on farms
in Kent county, Del., and later in Cecil coun-
ty, ild., until he was twenty-two yeai-s old,
when he went to Wilmington and engaged in
carpentry. This trade he followed success-
fully for several years, and then became a
contractor for excavating and hauling. Un-
der energetic and careful direction, his busi-
ness grew rapidly and became very profitable.
He frequently owned as many as fifteen
horses, and employed a large number of men
in carrying out bis contracts. In 1886, he
purchased a tract of 100 acres near Ogleton,
Del., to whiidi he remu\od in 1896. For the
[)ast two years, he has given his personal at-
tention to his farm, has added numy improve-
ments to the dwelling house, barns, etc., and
has begun the raising of live stock on an ex-
tensive scale. jMr. Tibbitt has well deserved
his prosperity. He began life for himself
without a dollar, and his industry and integ-
rity have gained him a competence. In ad-
tlition to bis farm in White ('lay Creek hun-
dred, on which he resides, he owns a number
of projierties in Wilmingtim. He is a Kepub-
liean but liberal in his ])(ditical \iews.

Ill ls7(i, James Tibliitt married Amanda
Ellen, daughter of Samuel and Ellen Tyson,
(if Wilmiii-tuii. Tlu.y had cbildreii: I.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

695

Viola M., at school; II. Charles Henry, at
home; III. Anna Florence, died at tiie age
of throe years; IV. liebecca Adella, died in
infancy. Jlrs. Amanda Tibbitt died in 1KS7,
and was buried in River View cemetery, Wil-
mington. She was a member of the M. K.
church. James Tibbitt married, on August
21, JSS9, as his second Avife, Aniui Belle,
daughter of George W. and Susan Ann
Moore (ilcKensey), born in White Clay
Creek hundred, Xew Castle county. Mrs.
Tibbitt is a woman of many accomplishments,
of happy disposition and a social favorite.
ilr. Tibbitt and family arc niembei-s of the
Presbyterian church.

(Jeorge W. Moore, father of Mrs. Anna
Tibbitt, was born in ilill (.^reek hundred, New
Castle county, December 1, 1822. His
grandfather, who was of Scotch-Irish parent-
age, was a soldier in the colonial army during
the Revolutionary War, i,nd his grandmother
was so harassed by the I'Jritish soldiei-s that
she removed from her home in Delaware to a
safer place across the state line in Pennsyl-
vania. There James Moore, father of George
AV. ^loore, was born. After peace was de-
clared, ilrs. Moore returned to Delaware with
her young son, and rejoined her husband.
James Jloore was a millwright until his mar-
riage, when he turned his attenti(fn to farm-
ing, in which he was engaged in New Castle
county, Del., and Cecil county, IMd., until
within a few years before his dcatii, when he
removed to Newark, Del., and made his home
with his son, George W. ^h: ]\Ioore enlisted
in a volunteer company of infantiy during the
War of 1812, and was assigned to guard dtity
at New Castle, Del. He was a Republican,
and afterward a Democrat, in his political
views. James Moore married ^Martha Ken-
nett, born in York county. Pa., a daughter
of a soldier of the Revolution. They had
children: I. Jane (Mrs. James R. Reynolds),
died in Cecil county, ^^Id.; TI. Ann (ilrs.
Washington Woodward), deceased; III.
Eliza (ilrs. E. Lamborn), of Lancaster, Pa. ;
TV. John, deceased; V. Robert, deceased;
VI. William M., deceased; VII. Saraii ( Mrs.
William W. Bowers), of Wilmingt.m, widow;
A^III. (ieorge W.; IX. James T., of CundK>r-
land, ]\Id. Mr. IMoore died in Newark; his
widow (lied in Cecil county, ^Id.; liotli were
bnricil in Sharp's graveyard in Cecil countv,
Md.

George W. ]\roore attended i)ublic schools
in .Mill Creek hundred. New Castle county,
Del., and in Cecil county, .\Id. In the
former county he learned shoemaking with
his brother, W'ilHani .M., and earned on
that trade in .Mill Creek hundred, Chris-
tiana and Newark, until 1S7(J. In that
year he removed to Wilmington, where
he worked as a shoemaker until 1890, and
then retired. In his seventy-seventh year
he is still robust in constitution and genial in
disposition. He has always sui)ported the
Democratic party but has never held nor
sought oftice. In Wilmington, in 1852,
(ieorge W. i\Ioore married Susan Ann, daugh-
ter of Tobias and Maria (Tyson) jMcKenscy,
born in Cecil county, ]\Id.,' and of Scotch-
Irish descent. Their children are: I. James,
of AVilmington, engaged in railroad service;
II. Ella (iMi-s. George W. Tyson), of Wil-
mington; III. Anna Belle (Mi-s. James Tib-
bitt); IV. Lavinia Jane (Mrs. William Der-
rickson), of New Haven, Conn.; V. Charies,
barber, of Wilmington;- VI. George L., died
young. ]\Ir. and M\s. Moore, with their fam-
ily, attend the Presbyterian church.

OLIVER ROTHWELL, P. 0. Christiana,
New Castle county, Del., was born in White
Clay Creek hundred, January 28, 18(i2. His
grandfather, Jacob Rothwell, was a well-
known and respected citizen of Christiana
hundred, who passed his life on his fann, and
died there. He was an active meudier of Red
Clay Creek Presbyterian clnircli in Christi-
ana hundred, and was jjuiiid in its graveyard.
Jacob Rothwell marrie<l Deborah Brouni, by
whom he had three hildren: I. Benjamin,
who resides in Christiana hundred; II. ]\Iary
(ili-s. Jacob Lyman); III. Abram, who is
the father of Oliver Rothwell. ]\[i-3. Ivotli-
well also died on the fann, and was buried
in the cemetery of the Red Clay Creek Pres-
byterian church, t<j which organization she
was devotedly attached, and of which she was
an active member.

Abram Rothwell wa.s born in Christiana
hundred in 181!). He attended the district
s<-hools of his neighborhood, and was a close
sludcnt and earnest render. After leai-ning
("ir]>entry, he followed that ocupation for sev-
enteen years in Wilmiiiglon. On ^[areh 17,
1^").'], he removed to White Clay Creek hini-
(lre(l, where he began fai'iuiiig on the C'anby

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696

BIOGEAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tract of 100 acres.'" Here he remained, active-
ly engaged in iiiral pureuits until his death
in 1SS5. His remains lie in the family bury-
ing ground in the Presbytenan churchyard at
C'liristiana. Jlr. Kothwell was a Whig, and
naturally di-ifted into the Ilepubjican piU'ty.
He held the office of school conmiissioner, and
, -was highly respected by all who knew him.
Abrani Kothwell man-ied Sandi J. Bucking-
ham, born at JMarshallton, Del., daughter of
James Buckingham, a well known miller of
that place. They had children: I. ilary, at
home; II. Deborah, also at home; III. Jacob,
of Wilmington; IV. James, a carpenter of
Philadelphia; V. Richard, of New Castle hun-
dred; VI. Sarah J.; VII. Oliver. Mi-s. Koth-
well died in 1890, and was buried in the Pres-
byterian churchyard at Christiana. She and
her husband were mendiers of the -M. E.
church, of which Mr. Kothwell was a trustee.
Oliver Kothwell received his education in
the public schools of Ogleton. Ho has de-
voted his business life to fanning. Since the
death of his father, he has farmed the home-
stead and made a success of raising grain and
stock, and market produce in general. Mr.
Kothwell is a Kepulilican, but not an office
seeker. He is a social, genial gentleman,
whom it is a pleasure to meet. But few per-
sons enjoy the esteem of their neighbors as
does Oliver Kothwell.

HON. WILLIA]\[ FOX SMALLEY, P. O.
Choate, Del., son of Ilem-y Langstaft' and Ta-
bitiia B. (Mulford) Smalley, was born in
Eridgeton, N. J., September 6, 1832.

The Smalley family is of French origin.
'J'he first of the name who came from France
settled in Piscataway, N. J., many yeai-s ago
and secured large tracts of land from the In-
dians. There they devoted themselves to
the cultivation of their broad acres and built
the homestead which has ever since remained
in the possession of their descendants.

Henry Smalley, grandfather of William
Fox Smalley, was born on the homestead at
Piscataway. He was educated in the; schools
of the vicinity, and at Princeton College.
After his graduation from this institution, he
studied theology, and was ordained a minis-
ter in the Baptist church. For half a cen-
tury he was a faithful pastor and a kindly
helper to all in need. Immediately after his
frdiiiation in Cumberland countv, N. J., he

was installed as pastor of tin Baptist congro- /^

gation at lioadstown, and there labored zeal- /

ously and effectively until he approached his }

last years. He nmst have been an ideal -^
preacher of the last century type, traveling '
on horseback through his charge, giving in
inaiTiage, chc-ering the desponding soul, re-
joicing with the successful frontiersmen in
the mastery over the rough forces of nature,
strengthening the faint heart, helping in the
daily labor and pronouncing the benediction
over the coffin, a practical, loved and loving
spiritual guide, and a valued temiwral adviser.
He was a minister of e.xe^eding piety and
much learning, an earnest and forcible
preacher. For this half century of continu-
ous and self-sacrihcing labor among his peo-
ple he received little remuneration, besides
the vegetables, gi-ain and fiiiits which camy
to all rural pastors from their appreciative con-
gregations. Mr. Smalley did not, however,
stand in need of a liberal salarj-. He owned
a tract of land which he cultivated, and which
yielded him a sufficiency for his wants. Ihit
in the last years of his work as a pastor, his
parishioners voted him an annual salary of
$300 in recognition of his unselfish aiul sav-
ing labors among them. Kev. Henry Snndley
married ]\lis.s Fo.\, a native of New Jersey,
of English descent. They had children: I.
John, a prominent attorney-at-law of New
York; II. Henry Langstaif, farmer; III. Wil-
liam, farmer, ilr. Snudley died in Bowcn-
town, N. J., and was buried in the Baptist
graveyard at Bridgeton; his wife was l)uried
by liis side.

Henry LangstafI Smalley was bom in Bow-
entown, N. J., in 1805, and was educated in
the district sclujols of Cumberland county,
and in Bridgetoiu Academy. He became a
very proficient English and Latin scholar.
The fii-st forty years of his life were spent on
a farm in Cinnberland county. In 184G he re-
moved to Philadel])hia, and engaged in the
wholesale grocery business in partnership
■^\ith John D. ^lilford. Two yeare later, he
disjjosed of his interest in the store, and, com-
ing to Delaware, purchase<l the old Tinkip
mill at Christiana, New Castle county. This
mill, which has since been known as the
Smalley mill, he operated until Ids death,
three j-ears later. IVfr. Smalley was a success-
ful business man and a large real estate owner.
He was a nuin of wide readiiiii; and a delight-

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STATE OF DELAWABE

697

fill companion. Politically, he supported the
doctrines of Jeffereon and Jackson, b\it he
never aspired to otttcc. Henry J>anj;-statf
Smalley married in Bowentown, N. J., Tabi-
tha li., daughter of Isaac L. ,\Iulford,' a de-
scendant of Ciirly setticre of New Jersey.
lli-s. Smalley was horn in Koadstown, X. J.
]\lr. a^nd ^Irs. Smalley had children: I. James,
merchant of Christiana, Del.; JI. Isaac .M.,
retired farmer, of liridgeton, N. J.; 111. Wil-
liam Fox; lA^ ilary (.Mrs. William K. lleis-
ler), died in liridgeton, N. J.; V. John, cx-
mayor of Bridgcton. ilr. Smalley die<l in
Christiana in 1851; his widow died in Bridge-
ton in ISSC; both were buried in the iiaptist
churchyard at Koadstowai, N. .T.

AVilliam Fox Smalley spent nearly all of
his youth in institutions of learning. lie at-
tended the public schools of Bridgcton and
Philadelphia, the seminarira at Fairtieid and
at Cliarlotteville, N. Y., Union College, under
Flijihalet Knott, and entered the Paw School
at Poughkcepsie, N. Y., under Dr. Fowler,
to j)ursue the prescribed coui-se there, and tit
himself for the bar. When he had lieen in
that institution for a year, his plans were frus-
trated by the death of his father, and lie aban-
doned his professional studies. Pcturning to
Christiana, he took charge of tlie Smalley
mill. Improvements were made at an expend-
iture of $15,000, and for more than twenty
years, he operated it very profitiddy as a flour-
ing mill and a manufactory. Then he dis-
posed of it. In 1S87 he established himself
in the general merchandise Ijusiness at Har-
mony, on the B. & O. P. P. in White Clay
Creek hundred, Ncav Castle county. During
the past eleven years, he has conducted this
enterprise very successfully. lie deals in gen-
eral merchandise, hnnber, phosphate, lime,
coal, etc. ^Ir. Smalley is one of the most ex-
tensive real estate o\vniei-s in White Clay Greek
hundred, and holds the titles to six large
farms in Xew Castle county. He is wtll-
known throughout the state, and is every-
where held in esteem. lie is a progressive
citizen, of broad Inisiness ideas and stern in-
tegrity, jdeasing in convei'sation and well-in-
formed, lie is a Democrat, and in 1SS7 was
(dected to the legislature, in whieli body he
seiwcd with much credit to himself anil ad-
vantage to his constitucnis. He was a mem-
ber of several important committees.

William Fox Smalley was married in Chris-

tiana, in March, 18ti2, to ^lai-y E., daughter
of A\'alter F. Sonthgate, a prominent broker
of Baltimore, Md., and later of ChrLstiana.
!Mrs. Smalley was bom in Baltimore. ^Ir. and
^Mrs. Smalley have had twelve children, eight
of whom died in infancy; those living are:
I. \\'illiam F., a widl-known young attorney-
at-law of Wilmington; II. AValtcr F., at home,
married ilary Cannon, of White Clay Creek
hundred; III. AVaiTcn P., at home; IV.
Ham])ton P., of Philadeljihia; all are edu-
cated and promising young men.

CHAPPES PAP:\rEP i:)ICKEY, p. o.
Stanton, Del., son of Charles 11. and Eliza-
beth (Guest) Dickey, was born in Stanton,
]\Iill Creek hundred. New Castle county, Del.,
ilarch 30, 181)1.

The Dickey fannly is well known through-
out New Castle county, Del., and Delaware
county, Pa., where it has for many ycai-s held
an honored place. Thomas Dickey, grand-
father of Charles Palmer Dickey, was born
in Delaware county and learned carpentry in
Oxford, Chester county. Pa. To that trade
he gave all his energies uidil he died, work-
ing at it in Delaware county and in portions
Of New Castle county. He adopted the politi-
cal doctrines of Jeffei-son and Jackson.
Thomas Dickey married, in Oxford, Jane,
daughter of Thomas Bunting, bom in Oxford,
her father being one of the ohlest settlers of
that town. Their cinldren were: I.Benjamin,
deceased; II. Margaret, married Pawrence
ifcCannon, both deeease<I; IIP Elizabetli
(i\lrs. PcAvis Bennett), deceased; IV. Ann

(]\[rg. McClurg); V. Charies IP; two

died in infancy. Thomas Dickey died near
Stanton; his widow died at the home of her
son, Charles IP Dit'key; both were membera
of tlie Presbyterian church, and were InirieJ
in the White Clay Creek Presbyterian church-
yard.

Charles IP Dickey, father of Charles Pal-
mer Dickey, was bom in Oxford, Pa., October
2;5, 1833." After the death of his father in
ISll, he removed Arith his mother to Stanton,
and attended the public schools of that place.
There he learned coopering, and then re-
moved to Wilming-ton, where he was em-
]d(,ye<l at his trade for nearly twenty yeai-s.
Then he returned to Stanton and conducted a
coo])er shop for himself until 1S82, in which
-scar he engaged in the mercantile business.

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698

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOTEDIA

i'\ir the past sixteen years he has continued in
tliis occupation, and lias established a very
]irijfitahle business stand. ^Ir. J)ickey is
^\ idely known and as generally i-espected. lie.
is a Kupublican, but has never asjnri'd to otHce.
Charles 11. Dickey was nuirried in Wilming-
ton to Elizabeth, daughter of Xathaniul (Jucbt,
bom in Delaware county, Pa. Their children
' arc : I. Anier Chandler, deceased ; II. Charles
rainier; III. Lydia, married Gilbert Cham-
bei-s, blacksmith, of Newark, Del.; lY. Har-
riet; V. Benjanun ].., fanner; VI. Elizabeth
(Mrs. Hariy Willison); twu died in infancy.
]\Ir. and Ishs. Dickey are members of the
Stanton Presbyterian church, and the former
is a trustee of the congregation.

Charles Palmer Dickey attended the public
schools of Stanton, and afterward learned
coopering under his father's instruction.
Later he became a clerk in his father's store;
then spent fom* years in the oyster trade and
in butchering, and three yeai-s in the manu-
facture of ice cream, with gratifying financial
results. During this time, he supplied J5ran-
dywine Springs with his products. In 18t)l,
he formed a partnership \\'ith William Chand-
ler in a creamery enteqirise. The firm of
Chandler & Dickey began business at Stanton,
p^irchased improved machinery at a cost of
more than one thousand dollai"s, and has for
the past eight yeai-s conducted a large and
profitable business. They pay out more than
five hundred dollars per month to the fanners
of the ^'iciuity for milk; the firm enjoys the
entii-e confidence of all with whom it deals,
and the hearty support of the milk jiroducers
of that section. In 1895 Jlr. Dickey bought
the ]\rarce farm of eighty acres in AVhite Clay
Creek himdred, on which he now resides. lie
has erected a large and comfortable dwelling,
barns, etc., on this land. He is a progTcs-ive,
clear headed, honorable business nuin, a care-
ful student of mercantile conditions and a
genial and po])adar gentleman. !Mr. Dickey
is secretary of Stanton Council, No. 20, A. O.
U. W., of Stanton; a past grand of Unity
Lodge, No. 41, I. O. O. E., of Stanton, and
a member of Diamond Lodge, No. l(i, Iv. of
P., of ifarshallton. In his political \aews he
is n Tkcpiiblican.

On Dccend.er 31, ISOO, in Lancaster, Pa.,
diaries Palmer Dickey was married to ^fary,
daughter of George O. Ilensel, born in Lan-
caster. IMr. ITenscl is a well known flonst of

that city. .Mr. and ilrs. Dickey have two
children: I. Charles; II. Earl. Mr. Dickey
is a member of the Presbyterian church.

JONATHAN JOHNSON, Newark, Deh,
son of Isaac and j\lary (Jones) Johnson, was
born near .Milford, Susse-\ county, Del., Eeb-
ruary 1, 1850. Eiisha Johnson, gnuidfather
of Jonathan Johnson, was a farmer of Sus-
sex county and died there. One of his children
was Isaac.

Isaac Johnson was born near Bridgeville,
Sussex county, Del., and was occupied
throughout his life with agricultural pui-suits
in that county. In his political opinions he.
was a Whig. lie married, in Sussex county,
Mary Jones, of Welsh descent. Their chil-
dren were: I. Eiisha, deceased; 11. William,
of Ivising Sun, Kent county, Del.; III. Jona-
than; 1\'. (ieorge, died young; V. Caroline
(.Mrs. Lewis II. Poss), of ililford. Isaac John-
son died at Pising Sun, Del., March 21, 18'JS,
and was buried in the cemetery of the I. 0.
0. F., at Camden, Del. ^Irs. Johnson died in
1871, and was burietl in the family graveyard
at ]\Iilford Neck.

Jonathan Jnhnson was educated in the pub-
lic scho(ds of .Miiford Neck and worked at
home until he was fifteen years old. Then
he went to Philadelphia, and there learned
brickmaking with T. B. & J. McVay. After
five years in the (Quaker City, ilr. Johnson re-
turned to .Milford and secured employment
in the brickyards of T. II. ]\lcilichael, where
he continued to work for seven years, and af-
terward worked for a year in Philadelphia.
In 1886 he came to Newark, Del., and entered
into ])artiiership wdth ]\Ir. Mcifichael. Four
yeai-s later, he jnirchased that gentleman's in-
terest in this enterprise, and since 1890 has
conducted the extensive brick yards alone.
The jiroduct of his manufactory is shipped to
all parts of Delaware, and to many places in
Pennsylvania and ^Maryland. !Mr. Johnson
manufactures (jOO,Ot)0 bricks yearly, and
gives em])loynient to sixteen persons. He
is very industrious, and pays close pei-sonal at-
tention to his establishment. Mr. Johnson
is a member of Sacaniaxis Tribe, No. 10, I.
O. P. ]\I., of ^filford, and is a Pepublican in
])olitics.

Jonathan JcjIhisou was married in 1887, to
]\Iary B. Deputy, born in Sussex coiuity,
daughter of P. B. De])uty, a market gardener

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I .' I l.

STATE OF DI'JLAM'ARE

099

of Alilford, Del. They have one child, Annii
.Mary, who is attending school. Mr. doiuisoii
is a niendjer of the Presbyterian church.

rJCIIAKD LOCKWOOl) NAUDAIxV,

]\!iddleto\vii, Kew Castk; county, Del., son of
John il. and ilary K. (L'jckwood) Xau<laiii,
Avas Uorn on tlie Xandain homestead in iS'ew
Castle connty, Del., Novendier 28, 1S51.

ilr. Xaudain is one of a long line of de-
scendants of an old and illnstrious llngnenot
family of Xantes, ISrittany. An exile fur tlio
faith, Elias Xandain found a civil and re-
ligions home in J.ondon, where his son, Elias
Xandain, 2, was born. Abont l(iS2 Klias
Xandain, 2, emigrated to the American jilan-
tations, and ]nirchased several tracts rjf laml in
what is now Xew Castle connty, Del.

Elias Xaudain, great-grandfather of Tiich-
ard Lockwood Xandain, was born in Xew
Castle connty, Del., in 17.52. lie held ex-
tensive tracts of land in Appoquinimink hun-
dred, and owned the slaves employed on his
A'arious plantations. His force of cliaracter
and Tipright life made him influential in the
district, where he was loved as well as hon-
ored. Elias Xaudain was married to Cath-
erine (Skeer) ]\IcComb, widow of Jacob Mc-
Comb. They had one child, Amold Skeer.
]\ri-s. Xaudain had three children by her fii-st
marriage: I. Rev. La^vTence McComb, an
eminent preacher of the M. E. cliurch; 1 [.
and III. ^lary and Catherine, both died in
Philadelphia, Pa. Mr. X^andain and his wife
were consistent members of the Presbyterian
church. lie was an elder and a mend)er of the
board of trustees of Drawyer's church. Mr.
Elias Xaudain and his wife died at the farm
near Taylor's Bridge; both rest in the ceme-
tery at Drawyer's church.

Ai-nold Skeer Xaudain, grandfather of
Pichard L. Xaudain, was born near Taylor's
Pridge, Api)0(piininn'idc hundred, in 1778.
His educational advantages were so limited
that he may well be called self-educated. His
youth was spent on his father's fann near
Taylor's Bridge. Intelligent and thought-
ful, his leisure moments were devoteil to
reading and study, and the long winter even-
ings were seasons of pleasni-e and im-
jinivemeut. In ISOO Mr. Xaudain left
the home fann, and pin-chased a tract
of nr.O acres, much of it timberhmd,
in Appoquinimink hundred. lie was an in-

telligent, scientific farmer, and made many
improvements, building a comfortable dwel-
ling with a barn aiul outbuilding's, lie after-
wards erwted a handsome dwelling, o])i)osite
his (dd home; here he s|)ent the last years of
his life, free from the cares and an.xicty of
business. Arnold Skeer Xamlain was also an
()rdaiu(Hl minister of the iletliodist Episcopal
church. He was well-known thriinghout the
state as an eloquent ))reaclier and an upright,
conscientious Christian, whose life fully ex-
emplified his teachin.i;'. lie was a devoir.
st\ident of the Bible, a man of strong charac-
ter, and exercised a decided iniluence upon the
comnuniity. The Pev. Arnold Xaudain never
accepted reminieration for his ministerial ser-
vices, and tothe end of his life gladly preached
to the people. Through his exertions the
well-known Salem churidi was erected, and
after spending his energies in that cause, he
filled tlie pulpit for many years. lie owned
numerous slaves, nniny of whom he had
binight at sheriff's sales. Long before the
anti-slavery ])arty existed, tlie Pev. Anndd
Xandain decided to give fi'eedom to his ne-
groes. Eindiug that death was near he made
his will, ap})ointing two of his sons his execu-
tors, ami ordered that all his slaves, men and
women, over thirty years of age, be given
their \inconditioual freedom; and that all
under thirty shouhl be free when they reached
that age. i[r. Xaudain valued education, and
earnestly endeavored to secure its benefits for
his children. When Pev. l^vi, afterwards
Bishop Scott, had conqdeted his college
coui-se, Mv. Xaudain engaged him as a i)ri-
vate tutor in his family, and with his usual
thonghtfid kindness opened his home that the
children of his friends and neighbors might
enjoy the same advantages. It was under his
hospitable roof that Bishop Scott fii-st felt a
desire to consecrate his talents to the work
of the ministry, and began, according to the
advice of his friend, Mr. Xaudain, to study
theology.

The Pev. Arnold S. X^audain was man-ied,
February 1, 1805, to Jemima, daughter of
Jacob Van Ilorue, whose ancestors were emi-
grants from Holland. ]\li-s. Xaudain was
lioru in ^liddletown, Del. Their children
are: 1. Elias Skeer, a fanner of Appoquini-
mink hundred, born ^Vngiist .5, ISOli, married
Sarah Ann, daughter of Christojdier Brooks,
of Xewark, Del.; II. Jacob Van Home, born

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,i.:-:i

700

BIOGRAPHICAL ENGYCLOPUDIA

December 10, 1807, man-ied a lady of New
Castle county, Del.; III. Eacliel (Mi-s. Wil-
liam Wilson), born Decemljer -2'^, 1811; iV.
Jemima, died young; V. Sarah Kebecca, born
January 3, 1810, died in youth; \M. John,
born October 11, 1817; Vlt Emily AlcC'ondj,
born March 1, 1819, died June' 15, IS'JU;
VIII. Abraham, born April 11, ISiil, died

'in youth; IX. ifary E., born July L'l, 18:i7,
married first to Samuel D. Norwood, of lial-
timore, j\[d., and afterwards to John ]\lc-
Crone; X. Lydia Louise, born August 1,
1831, died in youth. The Rev. Arnold S.
Naudain was a careful, devoted husband and
father, a kind and considerate master; he was
dearly beloved, and his loss was deeply
mourned in the district for whose welfare
he had so long and faithfully labored. His
death, which was the result of cold taken
while on a business trip to '\Vilming1(m, Del.,
occurred February 11, 1848. His wife, a de-
vout member of the il. E. church, died March
3, 1818. ViOth are buried on the homestead,
on land which he had set ai)art for a family
bm-ial place.

ifr. Naudain's maternal ancestoi-s were of
English descent. His grandfather, IJichanl
Lockwood, son of John and Ann (Kirkley)
Lockwood, was born in Kent county, Del.,
April 11, 1778. He received a good luig-
lish education, and secured a clerkship
in the dry goods store of Josejjli AVhite,
at ^fiddletown, Del. ^Ir. Lockwood re-
mained in this store for some yeai-s, and after-

. wards became a partner in the finn of White
& Lockwood. Ho served as a private in the
war of 1812, and was stationed at Fort Ca-si-
niir. New Castle county, Del. He was a fa-
mous marksman, and was known to kill a crow
flying overhead, using a flint-lock musket
loaded with ball. Owing to the dishonesty
of a trusted clerk whom he had made a part-
ner, the linn failed, and Mr. Lockwood was
reduced to poverty. Nothing daunted, he
began anew, with characteristic patience and
courage, and not only paid every dollar of debt,
but at his death owned 1,200 acres of land
in IMaryland and Delaware, besides a largo
amount of personal property. ^Ir. Lockwocxl
was a zealous member of Union Lodge, No.
5, F. and A. iL, of Middletown, and jiassed
nil the chaii-s. Ivichard Lockwood was mar-
ried October 28, 1817, to :Mary E., daughter
of Edward and Lydia R. (Rotiuvell) \\'ilson.

Their children are: I. Lydia Ann (^Irs.
Samuel Price), of Maryland; 11. Edward W.;
111. Mary R. (Mi-s. John M. Naudain); iV.
Jlartha E., married Col. Joshua Clayton; V.
William K.; VI. Sarah Frances (Mre. ('yrus
'J'atman); VII. Letitia Louisa, nnirried I'ro-
fessor A. M. Ooldsborough, of Philadelphia,
Pa.; VIII. John J.; IX. Richard T.; X. Mar-
garetta R. (Mrs. Henry Clayton). Mr. Lock-
wood was a member and for a long time a
vestryman of old St. Anne's P. Iv church,
and is buried in the cemetery adjoining that
chiu'ch.

John M. Naudain, father of Richard Lock-
wood Naudain, Avas born on the farni on which .
his son, Richard, now resides, in New Cas-
tle county, Del., October 11, 1817. Lie was
educated at home under Bishop Scott, and
completed his scholastic course at Penning-
ton Seminary, Pennington, N. J. He
learned farming, and devoted his life to hus-
Ijandry. After his father retired from active
life, j\Ir. Naudain took charge of the home-
stead. He made many improvements on the
property, and besides general farming, paid
particular attention to the cultivation of
choice peaches. He was one pf the first and
most extensive peach raisere in that part of
the state. His orchards contain 8,000 trees
of the best varieties, which yield large crops
of fine fruit, ilr. Naudain was a Whig, ac-
tive and influential in the community. In
ISGO, ho was elected to a seat in the State
Legislature, where he discharged his duties
with characteristic promptness and fidelity.
He was widely-known and esteemed for his
good judgment and integrity. John M.
Naudain was man-ie<l to ]\raiy R., daughter
of Richard and ]\Iary R. (Wilson) Lockwood,
of A|i]iof|uinimink hundred. Their children
are: I. Richard Lockwood; IT. Mary J., mar-
ried Cajitain William C. E^liason, of Balti-
more, ]\Id., president of the Tolchester Steam-
boat Company; III. John ^L, secrctai-y and
treasurer of same company, Baltimore; IV.
Louise, maiTied Robert il. Frances, of the
.same company. ]Mr. Naudain and his wife
attended old St. Anne's P. E. church, in A\>-
])oquinimink hundred. He died at the home-
stead in 18(14, and his wife in 1800; both are
buried in the cemetery at St. Anne's church.

Ri(diard Lockwood Naudain attended the
jnililic schools of Aiipoquininiink hundifd,
and iliddletown Academy, graduating from

I I \

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. : :ini

STATE OF DELAWARE

701

Newark Academy, at Newark, Del. After
liisp-adiiation he seciireJ a elerksliip with .Mr.
AVilliaiuson, general merchant at Newark,
Del., hut resigned at the end of a year to ac-
cept a sinular position with the tinn of Key-
nolds Brotliers, ]\Iiddletown, Del. Mr. Nan-
dain afterwards spent one year with Charles
Tatman, general merchant, and late partner
of his grandfather, IJichard Lockwood. In
1S74- liichard L. Nandain abandoned mer-
cantile pursuits, and returning to the home-
stead devoted his energies to the cidtivation
of the soil. In 1878 he purchased the home-
stead, where he has spent the last twenty-four
years. Mr. Nandain has greatly improved
his property, planting orchards, and adding a
large dairy. He pays particular attention
to raising cattle and horses, and has none hut
the best breeds. Active and athletic, ]\[r.
Nandain is not only a skillful and fearless
equestrian, but has always delighted in all
maidy sports; in his younger days he was a
base ball player of some renown, and he is still
an expert s\vimmer and oareman. Ifr. Nan-
dain is a practical business nmn and an intelli-
gent citizen, respected and esteemed in the
community for his sound judgTuent and in-
tegrity. Tie is a Democrat, actively intere-^ted
in local affaii-s, and a member of the Demo-
cratic county committee. In 1883-84 he was
tax-collector of Apjwquinimink hundred, and
in ISSS was the party nominee for the State
Legislature, bnt was did'cated, the whole
ticket being lost.

Ivichard Lockwood Nandain was man-ied
in (Ua.sgow, Del., November 23, 1875, to
Lillie J., daughter of Richard T. and Jean-
ette 1']. (Reed) Cann. ^hs. Nandain was
born in Kirkwood, Pencader hundred. They
have one child, Richard Louis, born August
19, 1876, who received liis i)rimary educa-
tion in the public schools of the district and at
(Iiildey's Business College, Wilmington,
T)el. ]\rr. Nandain and his family are mem-
bers of the Presbvterian church.

HON. ARNOLD NAUDAIN, ]\L D., who
enjoyed the nnnsiial distinction of being a
man of note at once in the medical profes-
sion and in the itphere oi politics, was one of
the bc.'^t kno\\ai re]}resentatives of a family
long held in high esteem in the state of Dela-
ware. He was the eldest son of Andrew and
Rebecca (Snow) Nandain, and was born

January 6, 1790, at "Snowland," Kent coun-
ty, Del.

About a century earlier, his ancestor, Helie,
or Elias Nandain, liecame a settler in Xew
Castle county, Del. The father of Klias
Nandain, who bore the same name, was a na-
tive of Nantes, Brittany, and a mariner. Be-
ing in religions faith a Huguenot, he was
forced to take refuge from j>ersecution in Lon-
don, where in lU8i! he received a patent of
naturalization for himself and family from
Charles II. In this document three children
of Elias and Gahel (Arnanld) Nandain, were
named: I. Arnanld; IL ..Mary; and III.
Elizabeth. Two children of Erancoise and
Elias, 2, were born in London, and baptized
lOSG-87, in the Erench Church in Thread-
needle street. After settling, as has been
said, in Delaware, Elias Nandain, 2, pur-
chased several tracts of land in New Castle
county, and built a brick mansion, which is
still standing. He had not long been a resi-
dent of this country before he sought connec-
tion with the Presbyterian chnrch, and as
early as 1715 was made an elder of the con-
gregation known as Drawyer's chnrch. In
1717 he was a member of the first Synod of
the Presbyterian chnrch in America. The
sons of Elias Nandain, 2, were: I. Elias, 3;
II. Cornelius; HI. Samuel; IV. Andrew; V.
Arnold, 2, all of whom married and left de-
scendants. The youngest of the sons, Arnold,
2, was born in 1723. Besides several
daughtei-s, he had sons: I. Elias, 4; II. Ar-
nold, 3; III. John; IV. Andrew. Arnold
Naudain, 2, died in 179G, and was interred
in the cemetery at Drawyer's church.

Andrew Nandain, son of Arnold, 2, was
born in 1758. He married Rebecca Snow,
a daughter of a family which for more than
a century had been settled in Maryland.
Their children were: I. Arnold, 3; II. Elias,
5; IIL Andrew; TV. Lydia (Mrs. John Ed-
dowes); V. Anne fMi-s. Alexander V. ]\[nr-
phey); VI. Mary (Ihs. Daniel Cowgill); VII.
Eliza (Mi-s. Daniel Corbit). All of the family
left descendants. The father, Andrew
Naudain, died in 1819, and is interred at
Naudain's Landing.

Dr. Arnold Nandain was graduated from
Princeton College in 1808, at the unusually
early age of eighteen. He Imcame a studt'Ut
in the medical department of the University
of Pennsylvania, and after his graduation,

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702

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

began practice at OJessa, Del., then called
Cantwell's Bridge, lie was still a very young
man when he became surgeon of the Delaware
Ivegiment, in the war of 1812. In 18-J2,
iMii and 1S2S, Dr. Naudain ran for Con-
gress, each time against the same oi)ponetit,
Hon. Louis McLane, who gained each elec-
tion, indeed, but by a small majority, the
Totes being almost equally divided. Dr.
Xandain was elected in 1S25 to i-epreseut
Xew Castle county in the state legislature,
liis brother, Elias Naudain, 5, being at the
same time chosen from Kent comity. Dr.
Xaudain was made speaker of the House, and
filled the chair very acceptably. lie was com-
missioned as judge of the Court of Com-
mon Pleas by Governor Polk in 1828; and
in January, 1830, was appointed to fill the
A'acancy in the senate occasioned liy the resig-
nation of his former opponent, Hon.
Louis !McLanc. lie took his seat on his
fortietli birthday, January 6, 1830. Before
the expiration of his term in the senate, he
was, against his earnest protest, nominated
for governor of Delawai'o; he was persuaded
to allow the canvass to be made, which was
done on both sides with great ardor and de-
tei'mination. The imusually large vote thus
secured resulted in the election of Governor
Bennett, by a majority of little more than
fifty, the count being 4,220 to 4, ICG. This
was in 1832, and in the following year, the
doctor's able services in the senate were rec-
ognized by his election to that body for a
second term. lie served iintil June 17, 1S3G,
when, finding his private affaii-s suffering for
want of his personal attention, he resigned
his seat in the senate, and returned to the prac-
tice of his profession. For some years he re-
sided in AVilmington, and in 1841, he was
appointed collector of that port, and super-
intendent of the light-houses on the Delaware.
Belinquishing public life finally in 1845, he
removed to Philadelphia, and there devoted
liimself to the practice of the healing art, giv-
ing to this his earliest calling the mental and
physical vigor of his mature years, and con-
tinuing thus to serve his fellow-bcing-s until
obliged by the infinnities of advancing years
to rest from his labors. In 1857, he returned
to his native state, where he pas.sed the de-
cline of his life. His retirement from pro-
fessional work was the cause of sincire re-
gret to his numerous patients, to whom he

was endeared not only by the skill and success
with which he ministered tfl their needs, but
by the courtesy and consideration, the firm
and even temj)eramcnt and the cheering man-
ner which made his very j)rescnce a restora-
tive power. He was a man of dignified and
commanding exterior, but of sincere liiunil-
ity, benevolent and winning in his intercourse
with others in age as in youth. His t'liris-
tian character was manly, and became more
and more manifest as his life approached its
close. He was one of the foundei"s of the
CJreen Hill Presbyterian church, of Philadel-
phia, and was its firet elder, besides being re-
])eatedly a connnissioner to the General As-
send)ly of the Presbyterian church. He was
the fourth in a line of eldei-s, his gi-eat gTand-
father, his grandfather and Ins father having
filled the same honorable and important office.

Dr. Arnold Xaudain was married early in
life to Mary, only daughter of Herman and
]\Iary (Naudain) Schee. ]\Irs. Schee was a
granddaughter of Arnauld Xandain, eldest
son of Helie Xandain, the Huguenot refugee.
The children of Dr. and ^Irs. Arnold Xan-
dain are as follows: I. James Schee, ]M. D.;
11. Andrew Snow, man-ied ^lary P. Corbit,
of Odessa, Del.; III. Pebecca A."(Mrs. Hugh
Alexander), of Chicago, 111.; IV. iMary IL,
married Dr. William X'cwcll Hamilton, of
Delaware; V. Elizabeth P., married Dr.
James E. Ellis, of West Chester, X. Y.; VI.
Catherine Louisa (Mrs. A. Boyd Hanulton),
of Harrisburg, Pa.; VII. Lydia F., married
Clayton A. Cowgill, ^M. D., of Dover, Del.
Dr. Arnold Xandain died at Odessa, Del.,
January 4, 1872, aged eighty-two years.
His remains wore followed to their resting-
place in the cemetery of Drawycr's church
by a great nundier of relatives and friends;
all his living children were present, together
with grandchildren and several great grand-
children. His useful life and many nolde
and endearing qualities were commemorated
in addresses by Pev. Di-s. Crowell and Pat-
ton, of the Presbyterian, and Pev. Bishop
Scott, of the ^lethodist church.

James Schee Xandain, ^1. D., eldest
son of Hon. Arnold Xandain, !M. I)., and
his wife ^lary (Schee) Xandain, was bom
in Dover, Del., ScptCMnler 24, 1811. He
received his ed\ication at West Point, and af-
terwards studied medicine in Baltimore and

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STATE OF DELAWARE

703

Philadelphia. He practiced with eminent
success at iliddletowii, Del., where his father
had lieeu engaged for thirteen years in pro-
fessional work. He was a member of tlie
State ^ledical Society of Delaware from the
year 1832 until the end of his life. Dr.
James Schee Xaudain was married in 1S'-V2,
to Anne Elizabeth, (laiighter of James and
Joanna (Foard) Elakiston, of ]\raryland.
!Mrs. Naudain died in 18S3, after whitdi Dr.
Xandain resided in "Wilmington until his own
death, a year later. He died May 23, 1884,
and his remains were interred in the burial
ground of Drawyer's church.

r.EOKGE OWEX Dl^VEES, Erenford,
Del., son of Daniel U. and Eunna (Kay son)
Dewees, was born in Hanuony, Kent countv,
Md., March 28, 18C0.

His great-grandfather was Walter Dewees,
a natiA'e of Chester county. Pa. For many
yeai-s he lived in Marsh, Chester county, and
died there at the age of eighty-four. His wife
was Ann Bidl. One of their children, George
"Worthington Dewees, who was born in
Chester county, Pa., obtained a posi-
tion as clerk in the Snyder iron foundry,
and filled it iintil the dissolution of
the firm which operated the works. He then
engaged in farming in Chester comity, aiul
continued there for a number of yeai"s. While
a clerk in the iron foundry, George W. De-
wees married the daughter of one of his em-
ployers. Their children w'ere: 1. Anna
(Mvi. Jesse P. Eastburn), died in Bridgeport,
!Montgomery county, Pa.; JI. Thoma.s !>.,
married [Miss Young, enlisted in tlie U. S.
regular anny and saw service in lighting
Indians on the western frontier prior to the
Civil War, re-enlisted in the Second U. S.
Cavalry during the Civil War, was severely
wounded by bullets in both arms and by a sabre
cut on the face in the cavalry battle of Bever-
ly Ford, Va., July 'J, 1803, was captureil and
confined in Libby prison for twenty months,
then taken to Charleston, S. C, and finally to
Cohnubus, Ga., at the close of the war had
the rank of major, returned to the west and
was assigned to the Ninth U. S. Cavalry, he
died in Philadeljjhia, leaving a widow and
children; HI. Sarah C. (Mrs. AVilliam A.
Kennedy), of Kennedyville. ^Id.; IV. Daniel
r. After the death of the first ]\[i-s. Downs,
George W. Dewees married Louisa B. llol-

stein. He died in Bridgeport, Pa., about
1858; his widow resides in Xorristown, Pa.

Daniel U. Dewees, father of (Jeorge Owen
Dewees, was born at Oley's Furnace, Berks
county, Pa., January 4, 1S32. When he was
eight years old his ])arents removed to Ches-
ter county. Pa., and there he grew to man-
hood. He received a public school education,
and completed his studies under the well-
known temix-rance lecturer, Samuel A.
Aaron. He then learned carpentry with Owen
Paysor, of Bridgeport, and spent two yeai-s
at ins trade in Xew York City. In 1856, he
removed to Kent county, !Md., and for twenty
yeai"S was a popular landlord in Kennedy-
ville. Besides conducting his hotel, he was a
carpenter and contractor. In 1877 he retired
from the hotel business, and now resides with
his son, George Owen Dewees, in Brenford,
and is engaged in the shipping of fruit. Mr.
Dewees is connected with the Masonic frater-
nity, and is a stanch Democrat. During the
Civil War he was a member of the Home
Guards. In March, 1857, in Bridgeport, Pa.,
Daniel U. Dewees was nuirried liy Pev. ilr.
J(jhnston to Emma, daughter of Owen and
.Mary Paysor, of P)ri(lgep(jrt, Pa. 'i'hey had
children: I. George Owen; IE Jacob H., of
Philadelphia, born in 1808, a graduate of the
Univei-sity of Pennsylvania; III. William H.,
of Philadel]>hia. ifrs. Dewees died in Kenne-
dyville, ^Id., in 1875.

George Owen Dewees attended the public
schools of Kent county, !Md., until he was
seventeen years old. Then he was a pupil
in the Xorristown High School for a year.
The time at his own disposal he devoted to
learning tclegrajihy, and through the influ-
ence of his uncle, Alcxaiuler Hoover, of
Non-istown, he secured a position as night
operator at Xorristown, which he held for
one year, and was then promoted to day work.
Eighteen months later he resigned his posi-
tion, advancement for an operator in a place
like Xorristown appearing to bo slow, and ob-
tained a position with the Empire Iron Co.,
of Xew York City, as pipe inspector. In the
discharge of his duties he visited Chicago,
111., Cleveland, Ohio, Syracuse, X. Y., Cam-
den, X. J., and Xow Castle, Del. The iron
manufacturci-s had just formed their gigantic
trust, and ^fr. Dewees was for a time kept
busy. When the trust was lirokcMi by the
action of a firm which withdrew from the

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704

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

combination and commenced an extensive
''ctU" in prices, ^Ir." Dowees was thrown out
of employment. For a short time he was idle;
then, after a shqrt engagement with AV. W.
"Whiting, a contractor of Syracuse, N. Y., he
returned to his home and assisted his father
in his business. Later, ho went to New York
^City, and obtained a position in a commission
hoTise. Mr. Dewees was subsequently tele-
graph operator at Clayton, Del., and was af-
terwards sent to different points along the
line of the Delaware railroad. Tn 18S8 he
was transferred to Erenford, and soon made
station agent as well as telegraph operator.
Besides his railroad work, j\Ir. Dewces is a
large fruit buyer and shipper. He is a mem-
ber of Montgomery Lodge, No. 57, I. O. O.
F., of Non-istown, Pa. ; of Clayton Lodge, No.
5, Shield of Honor, of Clayton, Del.; and of
the Volunteer Relief Department. In his
political opinions he is a Democrat.

On January IG, 1SS9, George Owen De-
wees was married to Jane Earcus, of Leipsic,
Del. They have children: L Ralph Irving;
11. Paul Fdree. Mr. Dewees attends the ^1.
E. clmrch.

DANIEL FORD, P. 0. Smyrna, Del., sou
of Reuben and Unity (Waters) Ford, was
born in what is now Kenton hundred, Kent
<>ounty, Del., ]\[arch 9, 1820.

His grandfather was Thomas Ford, who, it
is supposed, died in Kent county, Del.
Reuben Ford, his father, was born iu the
neighl)orhoo<I of Kenton, Kent county, and
was a fanner. He maiTied Unity Waltei-s,
and had children as follows: I. ifary (Mrs.
John Levick), settled in Illinois; 11. William,
died iu Kent county when a young man; III.
Thomas, also died young, in Kent county; IV.
Unity (Mrs.. Lewis Root), died in Brooklyn,
N. Y. ; V. Daniel. l\Ir. and ]\Irs. Ford are
deceased; the former died in 1825.

Daniel Ford did not enjoy abundant oppor-
tunities for acquiring an education. When
he was five years old, his father died, and
he became an inmate of the home of his uncde,
Daniel Ford, Sr. The greater portion of his
time was occupied with duties on the farm.
In these early days, labor saving machinery
being unknown, the boys on the farm wctq
kept longer iu the field and on the threshing-
floor than their children are. Their labor was
also more severe. The use of the s^•^■the and

the cradle appealed to the esthetic observer,
but produced a less plciising effect on the
M'orker. Daniel Ford remained with his \mcle
until he was eighteen years old, and then ob-
tained employment auiong tiie farniei-s of his
vicinity, working for seven or eigiit dollars
per month, rates then considered to be good
wages. For thirteen years he was thus en-
gaged, and during that time saved some
money. In 1851, he leased and stocked the
farm of William G. Hazel, near Leipsic, Kent
county. Since 1863 he has resided on his
present farm of 150 acres, in Duck Creek
hundred. Five years ago ilr. Ford retired
from active work. He is fond of reading, and
is one of the best informed men in his hun-
dred on current events. He is esteemed and
popular. ^Ir. Ford enjoys excellent health,
partly for the reason that he has never in-
dulged in excesses. He has used tobacco mod-
erately, but five years ago abandoned the habit
of chewing, although he still smokes on rare
occasions. He has been a life long Demo-
crat.

Daniel Ford was married in 1854 to Caro-
line Farrar, of Duck Creek hundred. Their
children are: I. Reuben, farmer, resides near
Brenford, Del., married Belle Frazier; II.
Lewis M.; III. Daniel W.; IV. Nathan F.,
of Omar, Sussex county; V. Unity; VI. Mary.

JOHN PERKINS JONES, P. O. Leipsic,
Kent county, Del., son of John J. and Dorcas
(Slaughter) Jones, was born on Severson's
Neck, Diick Creek hundred, Kent county,
Del., September 22, 1851.

His grandfather, John Jones, was a farmer
and resided at different times in Kent and
New (Castle comities. He married Elizabeth
Maloney, of Milford Neck, Kent county.
One of their children was John J. Jones.
John Jones died on what was then the Shan-
non farm (now the Samuel Cutts farm) in
the southern part of Kent county, about 1S54.
John J. Jones was born in the southern part
of Kent county, in 1810. The stoiy of his
youth is but little dift'erent from that of other
boys bom on a farm. He helped to cultivate
the land and attended school in winter. While
yet young, he worked for the neighboring
farmei-s for six dollars jier month, and saved
money from his wages. After his mai-riage
he settled in Duck Creek hundred. He was
a prosj)erous farmer and an influential citizen.

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STATE OF DELAWARE

705

industrious, upright and of calm, conserva-
tive demeanor, lie was a -Democrat, and an
earnest party worker. He frequently served
on juries and grand juries. John J. Jones
nuirried Dorcas, daughter of George Sh^ugli-
ter, and sister of Timothy Slaughter. They
had children: I. George T., farmer, of Duck
Creek hundred, married ilary Fennimore;
II. AVilliam Henry, merchant, of Chester,
Pa., nuirried Sarah Vineyard; III. Theresa
(lli-s. John R. Logan), widow, of Chester
county. Pa.; IV. John Perkins; V. Sarah,
died young; VI. Lvdia (ilrs. Henry An-
drews),'of' Seaford, Del.; VII. Elizaheth
(Jfrs. George Hurd), of New Castle county;
VI LI. Alonzo, employed in a cannery at
Leipsic, nuirried Lilian Archer. John J.
Jones died on the Cloak farm, near Smyrna,
in 1800. He was a member of the ^^I. K.
dnirch. ]\Irs. Jones still resides in Smyrna,
aged about seventy-eight years.

John Perkins Jones was bom on the Shan-
non farm, of which his father was lessee. He
afterward removed with his parents to the
Alexander Cummins farm on Whitehall
Keck. Having good opportunities for secur-
ing an education, he wisely took advantage
of them. He attended the public schools until
he was twenty-one years old, studying prin-
cipally under James P. Lamb, a proficient
teacher and a valuable personal friend. Af-
terward he taught school for a short time.
During the summers of these years, he as-
sisted on his father's farm, and was an ener-
getic, capable workman, not permitting any
of the older employees to outstrip him on the
haiwest field, or to toss _highcr the sheaves
of grain upon the w^agon. At the age of twen-
ty-five he commenced farming on his own ac-
count. He leased the Logan fann, a small
tract of land, in 1876, and began in a modei'-
ate way, purchasing one cow and a pair of
horses, and secuiing the cow on credit. His
father aided him slightly at fii-st. By dili-
gence and intelligent cultivation of the soil
he soon became ])rosperous. In the spring of
1878, ^fr. Jones removed to the I'etcr S. Col-
lins farm, where he remained for ten years.
In ISSS he leased the William Denny fami
of 100 acres in Duck Creek hundred, and
lived there four years. In September, 18!)1,
he jiurchased the farm of 130 acres which he
now occnpies, and to which he removed in
]\larch, 1802. Mr. Jonerf devotes himstlf

principally to raising grain, and by many im-
provements has made his laud very produc-
ti\'e. He is a member of Morning Star Lodge,
I. O. 0. P., and of the A. 0. U. W. Mr. Jones
was formerly very jictive in the interests of
the Democratic l)arty, but at present he in-
clines toward the champions of Prohibition.
He has served in a number of local offices.

On September 30, 1875, John Perkins
Jones was married to Mary E., daughter of
Carey and Sarah (Carey) Frazier, bom near
^Milford, April 15, 1853. They have one
child, l>eon, bom April 1, 1879. Mr. Jones
is a member of the Severson il. E. church,
and has sen'ed in all the lay offices of the con-
gregation. He has also been secretary of the
Loard of Stewards, and superintendent of
the Sunday school.

JOHN WESLEY SMITH, P. O. Leipsic,
Del., sou of William and Hester (Cordray)
Smith, was born near Green Spiing Station,
New Castle county, Del., February 22, 1838.

His father, William Smith, was born near
]\rilford, Del, in 181G, and was engaged in
farming throughout his life. In 1851 he re-
moved to New {'astle county, and resided
there several yeai-s. He was an estinuible
citizen and a stanch Democrat. AVilliam
Smith uuu-ried Hester Cordray; their chil-
dren were: I. ]\[ary E. (Mre. Lemuel Har- •
ris), deceased; 11. Isabelle (ili-s. Thomas B.
Poyer), of New Castle county; III.
John Wesley; IV. William Jacob, of
Cheswold, Del., was a soldier in the
Civil War, married Sarah Wheatman; V.
Alice, married John Woodall and afterward
George Fox, resides in Dover; VI. Robert
AV., farmer, resides near Leipsic; VII. George
AV., farmer, near Leipsic; VIII. Hester (Airs.
John Gott), of Dover; IX. Alartha E. (Airs.
AVilliam Dickson), deceased; X. Albert Bur-
ton, last heard from in Florida. Airs. Hester
Smith died on tlie farm near Leipsic in 1S07.
Air. Smith married as his second wife Mary
Hivesly. ^Ir. Smith dietl at Leipsic in
1889, aged seventy-three yeai-s; his widow
resides in Leijisic. Air. Smith was a member
of the j\I. P. idiurch, and a leader in its coun-
cils; he was an earnest Christian gentleman.

John AVcslcy Smith removed with his par-
ents from New Castle co\uity to Blackistou
X Roads, Kent county, when he was
twelve years old. There he attended school

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70(>

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

three months of each winter until he reached
the age of tweuty-tyo. He tauglit sciiool one
quarter. ]Mr. Sniitli was reared a farmer,
and assisted in the cultivation of his father's
hind until he was twenty-eigiit yeai-s old,
when he leased a farm near IJishop's ('orner.
Little Creek hundred, Kent county, on which
he remained a year. After occupying various
other fanns, he settled in 1890 on his present
tract of 190 acres. Mr. Smith is a liberal, es-
teemed and useful member of his community.
He is a Democrat.

On February 19, 186G, John Wesley Smith
was married to Eliza Ann, daughter of
Thomas and ilary (Voshell) Keith, of Little
Creek hundred. Their children are: I.
IMaiy H. (ili-s. Henry Richards), of Leipsic;
IL Emma T. (Mrs. Arthur Carrow), of Duck
Creek hundred; IIT. Susan E. ; IV. Andrew
K. ; V. ilargaret E. llr. Smith is a mem-
ber of the ^1. I*, church of Leipsie.

OTHO MAKVEL, P. O. T^ipsic, Del.,
son of Peter P. and Ellen (Otwell) Marvel,
was born near Laurel, Sussex county, Del.,
May 5, 1859.

His grandfather was Thomas ilarvel, a
well known farmer of Sussex county. He
died about 1859. One of his children was
Peter P., father of Otho ]\rarvcl. He was
born near Laurel, Del., in 1825, and was
reared on the farm. In 18G-I- he met with
a serious loss. Eire destroyed his residence
and all its contents, and the membei-s of tha
family barely escaped with their lives. The
disaster bore very heavily upon him, as his
family was large and all his possessions were
consumed by the flames. He detennined to
leave Sussex county, and removed to Seven
Hickories, Kent county, Del., where he re-
sided until his deatli. He was a hard working
man, and esteemed by his neighbors. In poli-
tics he was a Democrat. Peter P. ]Marvel
married Ellen Otwell; their children were: I.
!Martin, married Mary Abbydell, removt'd in
l.sTy with his family to the vicinity of Don-
aldson, Jlarshall county, Ind., and is now a
prosperous furnier, lias five children, i. Wil-
liam, ii. Theodore, iii. Emma, iv. Ida, v. Ella;
11. Lavina (Mrs. Samuel Pindcr), of Claytou,
Del., has chiklren, i. Sarah, ii. Emma, iii.
ilelissa; III. Emma (.Mi-s. Archibald King),
deceased, had children, i. Ella, ii. Thomas, iii.
Enos; IV. Edward, mill hand in Chester

county. Pa., married Mary Salmons, has chil-
dren, i. Thomas, ii. Charles, iii. Clarence, iv.
^Liry, v. (ieorge, vi. Erank, vii. Laura; V.
William, hnnber merchant, of Smyrna, mar-
rie(l .Margaret Meredith, has children, i.
]\I;iry, ii. ^\'illianl, iii. Lilian, iv. lOiieu; VI.
Aaron, tishei'man, of Delaware; Vli. Otho;
A' I IF. Alfred, null hand, in Chester, Pa., mar-
ried Aniui , has children, i. Ix'O E., ii.

Viola, iii. Ethel. Mr. Marvel died in 1879,
aged fifty-four years; his widow resides in
Clayton, 'Del.

The fandly removed from near Laurel to
Seven Hickories, Kent county, when Otho
IMarvel was five years old, and in the suc-
ceeding year he began attending the district
schools. He had not, however, an oppor-
tunity to acquire more than the mere nidi-
ments of an cdiication. He was little more
than a youth when his father died, and the
mendjers of the family were separat<?d. Otho
secured employment on a fann, and for eight
years his wages were from ten to fourteen d(d-
lars Y>cr month. After his marriage he leaded
various farms; that of Dr. James Temple, at
Kenton, for four years; that of Thomas liur-
ley, near Kenton, for si.x years; and in ISSO
that of Aliss Julia Collins, of Smyrna. He
now resides on the last-named place and gives
his attention principally to raising grain. !Mr.
^laiwel is popular and esteemed, and has
served as road overeeer. He is a member of
Dover Castle, No. 24, True K. of G. E., of
Dover. He is a Democrat.

Otho !NLirvel was married January 21,
1880, to Fanny H., daughter of Jolm P.
and Eliza (Webb) Cleiulanicl, of Duck Creek
hundred. Tiieir children are: I. Annetta
T., born August 21, 1881, at home; II. Linda
P., died in her fourth year; III. Lee Barnard,
born July 27, 1892. ' Mr. and Mrs. ,Marvel
are mendjers of the Leipsic M. E. church.

The grandfather of Mi-s. Otho Alarvel,
James Clendaniel, was an extensive farmer
and a well known distiller of Sussex coimty.
Her father, Jolm P. Clendaniel, wa5 born
near ]\Iilford, Sussex county, October 11,
ISl*,"), He received a common school educa-
tion, and then engaged in farming. Energy
and intelligent study of agriculture bellied
him to ]irosperity at an early period in his
life. John P. Clen<laniel m;irried I'di/.a,
daughter of James and .Mai-v Webl), of iie:ir
:\lilford, and had children: L George W., du-

I'll ' '

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■I ■. .1 .1/

STATE OF DELAWARE

707

ceased, at the age of tliirty, married Deborali
Slimier, had chihlren, i. Elizabeth, ii. Juhu,
iii. Siipliia; II. James, died, in youth; III.
Mary I'lliza (ilrs. George Carpenter), of ilil-
ford Neck, Del., ha.s ehihlreii, i. AValter, ii.
John, iii. Fanny, iv. Jvlward, v. Harry, vi.
Ale.xander, vii. Anna, viii. Kmma, i.\. Josepii,
X. Ik'njamin, xi. William, xii. Robert; IV.
John IJ., miner of Lake C'ity, Col., died June
9, 1S!»S; V. Fanny II. ilr. Clendaniel died
in East Dover hundred, on the old llutfeeker
farm near Dover, in ISGl, aged b>it thirty-
six years. lie was a member of the ^I. K.
church, and was buried in the old JI. E.
churehyard at Dover. His widow resides with
lier datighter, ]\Ir3. Otho ^larvel.

THOMAS B. DON^OYAN, P. O. Leip-
sic, Del., son of Reuben and Sarah J. (West)
Donovan, was bom near CJeorgetown, Sussex
county, Del., June 4, 1(S35.

His ancestore came from England about
the beginning of the eighteenth centui-y. His
great-grandfather settled in Delaware, and
membei-s of the family have resided here ever
since he established his home in the colony.
The grandfather of Thomas B. Donovan was
Foster Donovan. He was born in Sussex
county, and for many years was a prosperous
and influential farmer of the district. He
lived near Redden, Georgetown hundred.
Foster Donovan married a AVelsh lady.
They reared a large family, some of whom
were: I. Eli, died in Sussex county; II.
Reuben; III. Luke, settled in Ohio at an
early day; IV. Barton, died in Sussex coun-
ty; V. Geoi'ge, died in Sussex county.

Reuben Donovan was born near (ieorge-
towu, Del., in the latter jiart of the last cen-
tury. He received a fair education aiul then
engaged in farm pursuits. He enlisted in the
United States army in the War of 1812, and
was assigned to duty at Lewes. lie was a
capable b\isiness man, and accumulated a com-
]icteney from his farms. In politics he was a
Democrat. Reuben Donovan marrie<l Sarah
J., daughter of Noble AVest, fif Sussex coun-
ty. Their children are: I. William H., of
IMilford, married ilinnie Donovan, and, after
her death, her sister, ^latilda Donovan; IF.
Asburv, born in 1831, married Rlmila At-
kins (deceased), was conductor on the P. R.
R., died in Philadelphia, about 1S,S4; 111.
Thomas P.; TV. Enoch Wesley, of Redden,

married Nancy Jane Sharp; VI. Reuben, 2,
of Retlden, married Rhoda Donovan. Mr.
Donovan died on his farm about lS(i7; his
wife died at an earlv date. He attended the
Al. E. church.

Thomas P. Donovan renniined on the home
farm until after his marriage. He entered
the district schools at the usual age, and was
instructed by teachers of varied degTees of
ability for two months of each year. After
his marriage, ilr. Donovan farmed for him-
self on a small scale in Cieorgetown hundred,
and then leased farms as follows: the William
AValker tract, near Dover, for three years;
the Isaac Regester tract near Kenton, Kent
county; the William AValds farm on '"Tad-
pole" Neck; the Isaac Truax fann near
Smyrna, Kent county, and in March, 1884,
his present tract, the Cummings farm, of 175
acres. He is an active Democrat.

On August 5, 1805, Thomas B. Donovan
was married to Mary K., daughter of Somer-
set and Mary (Rouse) Reed. They have four
living sons, I. Wilbert; II. John; III. David
E., all residing in Wilmington; IV^. James
P., residing at home.

ANDERSON FORD, P. O. Smyrna, Del.,
son of Presley and Ellen (ilclvin) Ford, was
born near Kenton, Kent county, Del., March
lli ,1830.

The Ford family has resided in Delaware
for many yeare. Solomon Ford, grandfather
of Andei-son Ford, is the first of whom records
exist. He was born in Delaware, and spent
nearly all his life on his fann near Kenton and
there died. Solomon Ford mamed iliss
Scotten, of Kent county. Their children
were: I. Presley; II. Owen, married Ara-
medu ]\rofiitt, died near Leipsic; III. Thomas,
who married Louisa (Andei"son) Jones, died
near Cheswold; IV. Vincent, man-ied Rachel
AFoiiitt, removed to the wct^t; V. Solomon,
married Rebecca Mofhtt, died (jn his farm near
Lei])sic.

It a])pears certain after the most careful re-
searches, that Pre.^ley Ford, father of Ander-
son b'ord, was born in what was denominated
"the forest," near Kenton, Kent county. He
bad no opportunities for obtaining a good edu-
cation, but he had natural ability of a high
order, was untiring and aggressive in InLsiness,
and became a wealthy man for his times. The
farm on wliicdi he resided in his latter j'ears is
now o^^■ned bv his sons, William II. Ford and

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708

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Presley Ford. Mr. Ford was never an
otlicu seeker and never held othee. Presley
lord married Ellen Melvin, of Duck Creek
liundred. Their children were: I. ^lary
(^Mi's. .losci)h ir. ^Vnibei-son), died on Sever-
sun's iS'eek, had cliildren, i. ilary L. (Mrs.
AVashington AVreuch), ii. John, resides near
Smyrna, married ]\lary liiddle, iii. Ella (ilrs.
iJenjamin ^Mathcrford), of Sm^'rna, iv. Emma
(Airs. John liiddle), of Wilmington, v. dos-
ejili II., maiTied Harriet Eaeon, died in Ches-
ter, Pa., vi. .Vliee (j\lrs. Ira Collins), of Clay-
ton, Del.; \l. J\latthew, farmer, of Duek
Creek hundred, wliose family is described in
connection with the sketch of his sou,
^lattliew Y. Ford; III. Rebecca (Airs. Louis
Andei'son), deceased, had children, i. Lucy, ii.
AVilliam; IV. Elizabeth (Airs. John Golds-
boro), of Smyrna, had children, i. Alaria,
widow of Charles Smith, ii. John P., iii. Pres-
ley II., iv. Alary (.Mrs. John Pnee), v. Bing-
ham; V. Anderson; VI. Owen, carpenter, of
A\'ilniington, married Alary Harding, had
chiKlren, i. jVmanda (AIi-s. Frank Aloore), ii.
AV alter, iii. James, iv. Alartha; A"II. Presley,
2, farmer, of Duck Creek liundred; A'^III.
AVilliam II., farmer, of Duck Creek hundred;
of these two gentlemen sketches are given
with that of Alatthew A'". Ford; IX. Eliza
(Airs. Howard Urin), of near Kenton, had
children, i. Alary E., deceased, ii. William, iii.
Harris, iv. Harry, v. Charles, vi. Edward, n'l.
Elizabeth, viii. Lilian. Presley Ford died
upon his farm; his widow survived him sev-
eral yeai-s. Air. Ford was an attendant upon
the services of the AI. E. church, and a liberal
contributor to its treasury.

Andei-son, second son of Presley Ford, re-
sided near Kenton until he was live years old,
when his parents removed to the farm in Bar-
ren Hope, Kent county, now owned by Jesse
A^ane. He began his education in the old
Sevei-son's schoolhouse. There were few at-
tractions there to give an impetus to the pupil
in his work; the building was of logs, desti-
tute of comforts, and the teachers were seldom
com]ietent, yet young Ford left that school
with a fair mental oqui]iment for the duties of
liis later life. He had continued there as a
])upil until he was twenty-two yeai-s old, be-
cause he had time to attend during the winter
months only. AVhcn he was eight years of
age, he was sent into the field to work, and
guided the plow through the sandy soil of

the farm when he was able to take hold of the
handles only by stretching his arms on a level
with his head. He remained with his father y
until he was twenty-seven. After his mar- '
riage ho settled on his present farm of 1-0
acres, which he leasenl from his father, and re
ceived as an inheritance on the death of the
latter. Air. Ford is a citizen of nuieh worth
and is appreciated in his comnmnity. He is
an ardent Democrat.

On January 2\), 1803, Anderson Ford was
married to Lina, daughter of N^elson and
Clianie (Armstrong) Alorgan, and widow of
Henry Keen'. Their childi-en are: I. Anna
A. (Airs. John B. Ford), of Queen Anne's
county, Aid.; II. Gardner, at homo; III. Eliz-
abeth G. (Airs. Herman Stotts), of near
Smyrna, has one child, Charles; IV. Lydia II.,
at home; V. Clara lieulah. Air. Ford is a
member of Severson's AI. E. church.

The ancestoi-s of AIi-s. Ford, the Alorgan
family, were of Scotch extraction. Airs. Ford
by her first marriage, Antli Henry Keen, had
two children: I. Thomas, at home; II. Alary,
died young. Air. Keen died at Sevei-son's
Neck.

AIATTHEW V. FORD, P. O. ■Smyrna,
Del., son of Alatthew and Nancy (Williams)
Ford, was born on Severson's Neck, Duck
Creek hundred, Kent county, Del., Septem-
ber 13, 1SG7.

His gi-eat-grandfather was Solomon Ford,
a farmer of Kent county, Del., whose history
is more fully given in connection with the
sketch of ^Vmlerson Ford. Presley Ford
was the eldest son of Solomon Ford, and
gi'andfathcr of Alatthew A''. Ford. A sketch
of his life also is found in connection with that
of his son, j\.nderson Ford. He was a liberal
contributor to the church and to all worthy
movements, and was a leader in his commun-
ity.

Alatthew Ford, second child and eldest son
of Presley and Ellen (Alelvin) Ford, was
born on a farm near Kenton, Ai)ril 10,
1830. AVlien he was ten years old, his par-
ents removed from this jilace to a leased farm
in Barren Hope, Duck Creek hundred. After
a few years, Presley Ford purchased two
farms in the same hundred, and subsequently
divided them into three tracts, which are now
occupied respectively liv AVilliam II., Prcislcy
and Anderson Ford, brothers of Alatthew

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STATE OF DELAWARE

711

Ford. ^Hittliew received a limited education,
<j\viug to the necessity of assisting in the culti-
vatiuu of his father's large property, lie re-
niaiued witli his pai'enta until 1854, and then
ka;cd the farm of G. W. Cummins. After
ten yeai-s as a renter, he purchased the farm on
which his son, John W. Ford, now resiiles.
lie is an honored citizen of the hundred. For
many years ,Mr. Ford has been a Democrat,
but now has a tendency to favor the Prohibi-
tion party. On ^larch 'J, 1854, ilatthew
I'ord manied Xancy, daughter of John and
3Iary (Palmator}') Williaaus, bom betwi-en
J.eipsic and Little Creek Landing, in 1S;:!5.
Their chihlren arc: I. ]\Iary Lydia, bom
]\Iareh 1, 1855, married, in 1871, Ezekiel
Slaugliter, fanner, of Xew Castle county, has
children, i. Ida, ii. ^lary Emma (ill's. John 1).
lieynolds), iii. Matthew F., iv. Hannah AV.,
deceased, v. Idella, ^^. Kaynor W.; II. Charles
(;., bom August 22, 1850, cai-penter, of Wil-
mington, manned Susan Jolnison, has cliil-
drcn, i. Bertha, ii. Ada, iii. Leman E., iv. ilil-
drcd, V. -Mary, v\. Edna; III. John W., born
June lt\ 1858, farmer, on homestead, mar-
ried Ida Prettyman, has one child, Nellie; IV.
Lhi, l)oru Xovember 3, 18G1, died April 22,
l>>Gu; V. Presley, 3, bora Febniaiy 21, 18(10,
died Xovember 29, 1800; VL ]\Iatthew Y.;
\n. Sarah, born August 15, 1809, died
3!arch 1, 1880; VIII. Kollins, bom July 15,
IS—, died August 27, 187s. ilrs. Ford died
ScjJtembcr 18, 1894, aged fifty-nine years.
^Ir. Ford has always been an active member
of the ]\I. E. church, and regular in his atten-
dance upon the services. He has held a num-
ber of otHces in his congregation.

ilattlicw V. Ford was born on the home
farm. IIo began his education at si.\ years
of age and attended scliool regidarly until he
was twelve. He was then called upon to assist
in the work on the farm, and from that time
until he was twenty, he spent only tlie
winters in the school room. He farmed for
his father until he was twenty-two, then pur-
chased a farm from his father, and has since
cultivated it for himself, ilr. Ford is one of
tlie most promising young men of Duck Creek
hundred, and is popular and esteemed. He is
a member of ]\lorning Star Lodge, Xo. 0, I.
O. O. F., of Smyrna, and a Democrat. He is
a member of Severson's ^L E. churcli, musical
director, assistant superintoident of tlie Sun-
day school, and a steward in the congregation.
JO

Presley Ford, 2, fourth son of Presley and
Ellen (.Melviu) Ford, was born on the (ieorge
W. Cummins farm in what is known as liar-
ren Hope, Duck Creek hundred, August 18,
1841. Tliere he passed his youth, attended
school and learned the duties of the farmer.
For a (juarter of a century his home has been
on the farm he now occupies, it consists of
112 acres under good cultivation. Mr. Ford
has supported the Prohibition party since its
organization, but docs not take an active part
in the campaigns. In 1875, Presley Ford was
married to Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac and
Lydia (Tni-ner) Berry, of Duck Creek hun-
dred. Their children are: I. Clara A., at
school; 11. Mary L., at home; 111. ilary
Blanche, at school. ]\lr. Ford is a trustee and
stewartl of the Severson's M. E. chiu-ch.

William II. Ford, youngest son of Presley
and Ellen (ilelvin) Ford, was bom on the
farm near Barren Hope, was educated in dis-
tiict schools, and has been a resident of Duck
Creek hundred during his entire life. lie
now rcsidc\s on the homestead farm, be-
cpieathed to him by his father. Lie married
Priscilla "Wrench. Their children are: I.
Clarence; II. Lilly A.; III. Harry; IV.
Lewis; V. iiyrtle; VI. Bolaaid. William II.
Ford is a member of the M. E. church, and an
esteemed citizen of the hundred in which he
resides.

JOIIX R. JEFFEKSON, P. O. Sm^Tna,
Del, son of Ephraim and Ituth H. (Red-
streake) Jetfei-son, was bom in Duck Creek
hundred, Kent county, Del., January 3, 1850.

His paternal gTandfather was an iniluential
and prosjjcrous farmer of Kent county. His
children were: I. Elihu, an extensive fanner
near Bethel church, married Eliza Ann Moore;
II. Ephraim; III. Lctitia (Mi-s. Joseph Rey-
nolds), died at her home near the Big Oak
State road; IV. name unknown, emigrated to
the west. Ephraim Jeffei-son, father of John
R. Jefferson, was born in the district between
Dutch and Whitehall Necks, Duck Creek
hundred, about 1825. There he was reared
and educated, and engaged in farming. Af-
ter his marriage, he boiight the farm in Duck
Creek hundred now ownied by Joseph Robin-
son, and resided there until his death. ~Slv.
Jefferson owned extensive tracts of land
and was a num of commanding influence in
his cciuimunity. He had exceptional judg-

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712

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

luciit and ability in J)nsiness matters, and was
frequently consulted as to the investments of
his ncigh'boi-s. He was an exemplary Chris-
tian. Ejihraini JefVei-son was married to Ruth
11. Kedstreake. Their children are: 1.
Charles, farmer, of near (Jhcstertown, Md.,
married ]\[argaret Hill, and has several chil-
drc^n; II. Thomas, farmer, of near Compton,
]\Id.; III. John R. Ephraim Jeifei-son died
on his farm about 1877; ]Mi-s. JetTerson died
about 1S71; both were buried in the M. E.
churchyard at Smjrna.

.John E. Jefferson was bom on his father's
farm, now owned by Joseph Kobinson. lie
attended the public schools of the hundred,
and during his vacations aided his father in
the cultivation of his large farm, lie re-
mained with his father until he was twenty-
two years old, and then leased a farm and be-
gan tilling its soil. After his marriage ^Ir.
Jefferson removed to Chester, Pa., and was
there employed at various occupations for five
years. Then he returned to Duck Creek hun-
dred, and was engaged in farming on Dutch
Keck for eight years. Afterward he rented
and cultivated the Stephen Slaughter place
between Dover and Leipsic, for a year, and
then, in 1891, leased his present home of 200
acres. He raises principally grains, and Ins
farm is among the best tilled and most prod\ic-
tive in Central Delaware. He is a Republi-
can, intensely loval to his party.

On :\Iarch 23, 1875, John K. Jefferson was
married to ^lary A., daughter of Titus I. and
]\Iargaret II. (Fowler) Ilobbs, of Duck Creek
hundred. Their children are: I. J. Thomas,
at home; II. ^largaret; III. Augusta; IV.
Harry; V. Beulah; VI. Nora. Ya: Jefferson
is a memlier of Ravmond's ]\I. E. church.

DAVID N. P.OCGS, P. O. Smyrna, Kent
county, Del., was born on the Donahue farm,
in Kent county, Del., :May 1-1, 1851 _

"When David X. Boggs was an infant, his
father removed from the Donahue to the
George Davis farm, situated near Cecilton
Cecil countv, ^Md. At the age of six, Davnl
became a pupil in the schools of that county,
and being a diligent student, made good pro-
fri-c^s during the two \\'inter terms which he
spent in the school, which was, for the greater
part of the time, in charge of ^Miss J^tartlia
P.iddlc At fourteen "Mr. Poggs brgan to sup-
port himself, and until he rearhed l\< twentv-

seventh year was hired as a farm laborer, re-
ceiving from twelve to eighteen dollars per
month. Until he attained his majority, las
earnings were dutifully given to his father.
During the winter terms he was permitted t'-
attend school, and he gladly availed himself of
this privilege until he was twenty. At the age-
of twenty-one, ilr. Poggs returned to Kent
county, Del., and at twenty-si.\ began farming
for himself on the Benjamin Blackston place,
ill Kenton hundred, Kent county, Del., where
he remained for one year. ~Slv. Boggs was a
leasee for some years: he fanned the James
Crawford pru])erty, in Kenton hundred; a
peach farm owned by David Cummins; a fai-m
in the slate land; and the AVilliam Denny
place, near Leipsic, Del. In 1805, he re-
moved to his present home, the Louisa Cum-
mins property, a fertile farm of 230 acres, sit-
uated near Severson's Church, Duck Creek
hundred, Kent county, Del. ^Mr. Boggs is a
successful farmer and raises large cro])s of
cereals. He is a Democrat, interested in pub-
lic affaii-s, but has never desiretl politiral
honors, preferring tlie peaceful quiet of his
countiy home to the anxiety and uncertaiuity
of pulilic life. He is highly esteemed by Ids
fellow citizens for his ability and integrity. •
Daud N. Boggs was man-led, Ajinl 3,
1878, to Fanny, daughter of George W. and
Deborah (Perry) Knotts, of Kenton hundred,
Kent countv, Del. Their children are: I.
Ethel K. (Mrs. Clarence Ford), of New Cas-
tle county, Del. ; II. J. Frank. :Mr. Poggs is
a devout Christian, and an active worker in
the congregation at Sevei-son's ^I. E. cliureh.

THEODORE MANNON, P. 0. Smyrna,
Del, son of James and Elizabeth (WalU)
:\hm'iKni, was born in Plaekbird hundied,
.\c\v Castle county, Del., in 1S40.

His father, Janies Mannon, was of Irish de-
scent, and was born in New Castle county,
about 1700. lie was a farmer all his life. He
married Elizabeth, daughter of Janies and
Annie E. Walls, born in Sussex county, but a
resident of New Ca.^tle county at the time of
her nianiage. Their ehildren were: I. John,
married ^kliss Davis, died in :\[illington, Kent
countv, ^Id.; IL Lydia, manned Thninas
Gravis iH.th deceased; in. George, of Middle-
town, Del., married Sarah Liglitcap, deeeasc'd;
IV Alfred T., fanner, r)f near Newark, Del.,
married fir>t ^larv A. Whitecroft, secondly

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STATE OF DELAWARE

713

Cicrtnidc Burns; Y. Theodore; VI. Elizabetli
(aMi's. Johu Slyhoff), of Wilmington. James
J\lannon died in lilackbiid liiitidred abmit
18o7; his widow died on the Cummins farm,
near Smyrna, in 188'.).

Tlie fatlier of Theodore ,\Iannon died when
the latter was a boy, and his mother removed
with tlie tive childi-en wdio remaineil at home,
from Dlackljird hundred to Duck Creek Imn-
dred, ICcnt eounty, and setthxi on a farm near
Smyrna. Theodore ]\Iannon attended the
jiublie schools in winter, being enrolled among
the Smyrna pupils for four years; during the
cummer months he was employed on the farm.
Until he was twenty-two years old lie re-
mained with his mother, and then rented the
farm of Ci. AV. Cummins, on which he resided
for twenty-one years. The farm was known
as the Lebanon fai-m, and consists of 310 acres.
In 18U0 ]\[r. !Mannon purchased the Hum-
jihries farm, and divided it into two tracts. In
1893 he bought the Windle farm, on which he
now resides. Each of these farms comprises
310 acres. Mr. ifannon is a self-made man,
successful, and of high repute. He is a mem-
ber of Harmony Lodge, No. 13, F. & A. ]\[.,
of Smyrna. In his political views he is a Re-
])nblican, and is an active worker in behalf of
hi? party.

On Februars' 8, 1877, Theodore ]\Iannon
was married to Ella, daughter of Kobert and
llettie (Prettyman) ilitchell, of Kent county.
Their children are: I. Edith AV., school
teacher; 11. Franklin M.; III. lUry G.; V.
Katharine; V. AVilson C; YI. Elsie L. ilr.
'Mannon is a consistent member of the il. E.
church and labors diligentlv for its welfare.

ELIJAH AV. STEVENS, P. O. Smyrna,
Del., son of John and Elizabeth (AViiliamson)
Stevens, was born in Carcdine county, ild.,
near the Delaware line, Ajjril 7, 1840.

The Stevens family is of Engli.sh descent.
I'he great-graiulfather of Elijah AV. Stevens
was born in England, and w;is commander of
a body of IJritish troops duidng the Revolu-
tionary AVar. After he had surrendered to
AVashington nt Yorktowii, he crossed tlie
Chesapeake Bay, and going northward in
Jlaryland, settled in Caroline coimty. There
his descendants resided for many years.

John Stevens, father of Elijah AV. Stevens,
was boni in Afarvland, and learned the trade

of wheehsT-ight and general mechanic. After
his marriage he removed to Caroline county
and engaged in farming in addition to follow-
ing his trade. .Mr. Stevens had a brother,
James, wdio went to California, and made his
home there; he also had a sister, .Airs. Joseph
liichardson, of .Maryland. John Stevens mar-
ried Elizabeth AViiliamson, wdio lived near the
.Maryland line, and was a sister of Sheritf AVii-
liamson, of Kent county, Md. Their children
were: I. ^^'illiam, farmer, of 'J'albot county,
"S\A., married .Mary Cooper; II. Sarah, of
Camden, Del.; III. John Wesley, farmer, of
Camden, Del., married Sarah Towiisend; lA*".
Charles, deceased, was a dniggist in Denton,
.Md., married Susan Kemp, had children, i.
Kemp, attorney-at-law, of Denton, ii. Charles,
of Denton; A''. Ennols, died in Kent county,
Del., at the age of twenty-two; \l. James,
died at the age of five; ATI. AVillis, fanner, re-
moved to Indiana in 1858; A'lII. Elijah AV.;
IX. Celia, of Caroline county, Md. Johu
Stevens died at Union Comers, Caroline
county, j\Id., near the Delaware line, in 1848;
his widow died in 1879.

AVhen Elijah AV. Stevens was a lad of only
seven years, he was employed in farm work by
Bennett Todd, of Caroline county. After a
short time he went over into Kent county,
Del., and worked for ilr. JIaloney and subse-
quently for !Mr. Caliall. From his firet em-
ployer he received only his clothing and
boarding; from the other he received twenty
dollars per year and his board. In his early
youth he attended school during two winter
months of each year. On Sunday, he and
boys of the neighborhood walked six or seven
miles to church. They made the journey bare
foot until within a short distance of the sanct-
uary; then they put on their shoes, which they
had carried suspended over their shoulders by
a string throughout the long tramp. From
^Ir. Cohall's, Afr. Stevens went to ex-United
States Senator I'di Saulsbury, and managed
one of his farms for two years. Tlien he
worked for two years for IMartin Smith, and a
year for an timde. .After leaving this la-t
place he learned tinsmithing, and was eiu-
jiloyed by George Stetson, of Camden, Del.,
for five years at thirty dollars per year. .\ll
this time he was sa\nng his money, with the
intention of engaging in business for himself.

ifr. Stevens had not been with ">rr. Stet.sou
iniK-li more than three vears when the Civil

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714

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

"War broke out. He enlisted in Company U,
Fii-st Kegimeiit, Delaware Volunteer Infan-
try, in lytJl, fur three months service, lie
■\vas mustered in at Dover, 'ilie troops with
which he saw service were stationed on Busii
Iviver, in jMarylaiid, to defend the bridges.
I'liere Mr. Stevens was mustered out, at the
expiration of his term of enlistmeut. He re-
tunied to his home and resumed his trade,
which he carried on lirst in Camden, after-
wards in Philadelphia. In 18(J2 he re-eu-
listed, tliis time as a musician in the baud of
the Third Delaware Ivegiment. He was with
the organization in Virginia for eighteen
months; then the order for the discharge of the
bauds was received, and Mr. Stevens returned
to Philadelphia, wliere he again took up tin-
smithing. He received good wages, often
uuiking three or four dollars per day, of which
he saved the greater part. In 1SC3 he re-
moved to Dover, and worked at his trade. In
18G4 Mr. Stevens was drafted, illegally he has
always thought, and paid one thousand dollars
to scud a substitute, but not because of lack of
patriotism. Soon afterwai'd he enlisted in
Company D, Seventh Regiment, Delawai'e
Volunteer Infantry, as a private, for one
month. He was stationed at Cockeys\nlle,
Md., and partici))ated in a skirmish with
the Confederates there. During his service in
the army, he was in tlie battles of Harjx;r's
Ferry, Slaughter's ^Mountain and Antictam.
After the war j\Ir. Stevens secured employ-
ment in Dover. About 1880 he purchased
and removed to the Donohoc home fanu in
Duck Creek hundred. IMr. Stevens has been
industrious and thrifty; he enjoys the esteem
of all who know liim. He is a member of
Amity Lodge, F. & A. ]\[., of Dover. Ilis
political views are Democratic.

On February 22, 1S71, Elijah W. Stevens
was married to Josephine, datighter of Benja-
min and Marion B. (Shain) Donohoe, born in
Smyrna, Del. Their children are: I. ]\Iarion
E. (ilrs. Thomas Coverdale), music teacher,
of Smyrna; II. James Edmond, printer, of
Smyrna. ^\\-. Stevens attends the Presbyter-
ian church.

CAPTAIX JOSEPH B. BENSON, P. O.
Smyrna, Del., sun of Benjamin and Maria
(Shewcll) Benson, was born in Smyrna,
March 18, 1830.

His ancestors, both paternal and maternal,

came from England and settled in Maryland
at an early period. 'I'hey were persons of
prominence. Benjamin Benson, grandfather
of Captain J^'usou, was born in Cecil county,
Md., and resided there all his life. He was .-.
well to do farmer and a leader in his commun-
ity. His children were: I. Benjamin, 2; II.
ilary (.Mrs. Cireenwood), her husband's prop-
erty at Georgetown, ild., was bunied by the
British invaders in the War of 1812; III.
John, died in Smynui; IV. Thomas, died in
Cecil county, ]\Id.; V. James, died in Cecil
county; VI. Posetta (Mrs. Lusby), died in
AVashington, D. C. ; Vil. Nancy (Mi-s. Price),
of Cecil county, ild., and perluips others, of
whom there is now no record.

Benjamin Benson, 2, father of Captain
Benson, was born in Cecil county, ild., in
1703. Early in life he went to Smyrna, Del.,
where he learned carriage making as an aj)-
l«rentice, and was afterward engaged in the
business for tliirty years. He was a soldier in
the War of 1812. He had great business abib
ily, and was highly esteemed for his many
good characteristic's. In politics he was, in his
earlier days, an old line Whig; afterward he
identitied himself with the Pepublican party.
Benjamin Ijcnson, 2, man-ied, in Smyrna,
Maria, daughter of Captain Robert Shewcll,
born and reared in I'hiladelphia. Robert She-
well was a noted sea captain; his sister, Eliza-
beth, married Benjamin West, the celebrated
artist, in London in 17tJ5. Benjamin licnson,
2, had the following children: I. Charles E.,
born m 1813, died in Brooklyn, N. Y., in
1SG8, man-ied jMarj' Pise, of Baltimore, Md.;

II. Ilepbtnu S., born in 1814, died in ISGO,
married Annie Price, of Cecil county, Md.,
was projn-ietor of the National Hotel, of
"Washington, D. C, at the time of his death;

III. Benjamin, 3, born in 181G, died in
Smyrna, in 1S22; IV. Louisa (]\[i-s. William
R. Calhoun), born in 1817, died in Smyrna in
1851; V. ^Mary, born in 1819, died young ;
VI. Rebecca (Mrs. Joseph Carrow), born in
1821, died in Sm,>Tna, in 1803; VII. Caro-
line, born in 1822, died young; VII [. Al-
phonso, born in 1824, died in 184();

IX. Benjamin, 4, born in 182G, was accident-
ally killed by a mill wheel nt the age of seven;

X. luibert S., born in 1828, died in infancy;
XT. Joseph B. Benjamin Benson, 2, died at
the residence of his last named son, in 1803;
his wife had died si'veral years before, in

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-f...J

STATE OF DELAWARE

715

Smyrna; both were buried in the old il. E.
cluirolivard in that towni. They were nicni-
bci-s of the M. E. church.

Joseph E. Benson wiis reared in Smyrna.
He attended tiie jiublic schools of that ])lace,
and obtained a good education. When lie was
sixteen, he was apprenticed at earriau-e-mak-
ing in Smyrna, and continued in the business
as a 'journeyman and j)ro])rietor until isii'J,
when he was appointcx:] keej>er of tile l?oud)ay
Hook T.ighthouso. He was a member of the
Sixth lieg'imeut, Delaware Home Ciuards, but
because of his ajjijointuient was not called
upon for military duty. For thirty-six years,
Captain Benson has had charge of the light
house, one of the most important ahmg the
Delaware Bay, and has proved a capalilc,
faithful public servant. Of necessity he has
had severe experiences, which have tested his
ability and courage to the utmost, but he has
never shirked a duty and never failed in ac-
complishing it. He is the oldest light-house
keeper in the sen'ice. Captain Benson has in
his posses.-;ion a slipper which was worn by his
grandmother Sliewell at a ball given in honor
of President "Washington, in Philadelphia,
and it is, of coui-se, highly prizetl as an heir-
loom. Captain Benson is a Ixepublican, hav-
ing become a member of that party after the
di.-^solution of the Whig organization.

On February 12, 1852, Captain Joseph B.
Benson was mamed to ^fary Elizalicth,
daughter of Enoch and Lydia (Deuuey)
Crockett, of near the vicinity of Smyrna.
Their children are: I. Benjamin, 5, of Wil-
mington, nian-ied Ella Crow; II. Walter C,
of Cincinnati, Ohio, man'ied ]\riss Scott; III.
Charles E., of Norwood, Ohio, man-ied Isa-
bella Benson; IV. Alfred D., of Detroit,
]\Iich., married ^fiss Conkling; V. Frank E.,
of Philadelphia, Pa.; VI. Annie C. (Mre.
C'harles E. Osborne), deceased; VII. Edgar
L.; ^'III. Etta L.; IX. Hepburn S.; X. Jos-
eph II.; XI. Harry C; XII. ^Sfay C; the last
six reside in Philadel])hia. ]\ri-s. Ifary E. Ben-
son died February 19, 1893. On "April 2,
1S9.T, Ca])tain licnson married again. His
second wife is "Matilda, <laugliter of .\rtliur
and ^largaret (Elbert) Foreman, born in Car-
oline county, ]\rd., and a relative of Judge
Elbert, of Colorado. Captain Benson is a
member of the ^I. E. church.

Hobbs, was born near Leipsie, Little Creek
hundred, Kent county, Del., October 2, 18C0.

His birthplace was the Palmer fann, from
which, when he was five years old, the family
removed to the farm of the Peterson lieii-s, in
Duck Creek hundred. Samuel attended
school when he could be spared, but in all, he
spent not more than two years in the school
room. As soon as }'oung Hobbs was able to
undcrtaka the labor on the farm he was set at
woi-k; he remained with his father until he
was man-ied. 'I'hen his father removed from
the farm, and he continued to manage it very
successfully for eleven yeai-s, after which he
resided in Smyrna for a year, engaged in the
livery business. Then he leased another of
the Petei"sou farms, adjoining the one which
he now occupies, subsequently rented the
Elihu Jefferson fann for a year, and in iTarch,
ISitG, leased his ]U'esent jjlaee. He has been
practical and thrifty and has in consecpiencc
enjoyed prosperity. Mr. Hobbs formerly voted
with the Democratic party, but for the past
six years has been identified with the Kepubli-
can organization.

On February U, 1883, Samuel II. Hobbs
man-ied Sarah, daughter of Zachariah aiul
Eliza (Webb) Donovan. 'J'heir children are:
L John F., at home: II. Bertha :\r.; IH. Sam-
uel H., 2; ly. Ilaiwey and V. Herbert, twins;
VI. Margaret E. L. D. .Mr. Hobbs attends
the !M. E. church.

Zachariah Donovan, father of ]Mi-s. Hobbs,
was born near IMilford, Kent county, and was
a farmer. He died near his birthplace about
1802, while still a young man. He married
Eliza W^ebb; their children were: I. Anna;
II. Sarah (Mrs. Samuel H. Hobbs); III. Car-
oline, at home. After her husband's death,
i^Irs. Donovan man-ied Isaac 11. Jester, a
farmer and carpenter of near Frederica, Kent
county. They had children: T. Jane and II.
Ella, twins, both deceased; III. George; IV.
a child unnamed, who died in infancy, ^frs.
Jester died near Frederica in 1878. ^frs.
Hobbs, after the death of her father, became
an inmate of the family of her uncle, Thomas
Wi-lil), a farmer residing near ^lilford, by
whom she was reared.

SA:\[ITEL H. HOBBS, P. O. Smyrna,
Del., son of Titus P. and ifargaret (F./wKr)

JOHX^ PEYNOLDS, P. 0. Smyrna, Del.,
son of John and Rebecca (Denny) Peynolds,
was born at Pothwell's Landing, Kent county,
Del., January 1(1, 18,^0.

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71(3

BIOGRAPIIIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

resident of Kent county, Del. His children
•were: I. Julm; II. Williaju, 2, went to lowii
when a young man and married there, was
a farmer, and one of the pioneei-s in the settle-
ment of tliat state, and became pi'osjjerous and
iutiuential; III. Aaron, a farmer, of -Xew Cas-
tle county, married twice and died there. AVil-
liam Keynolds was accidentally drowned in
kjiiiyrna creek, lie was a waterman, and was
knocked olf the deck of his boat by a boom.

John Keynolds, his eldest son, was bora in
Kent county, Del. lie was yet a youth when
his father died, and was "bound out." His
life was a hard one. lie was not permitted to
attend school, and was compelled by his mas-
ter to undertake the most laborious work. For
instance, he was sent to the nuirshes to trap
small animals, and in the cold winter morn-
ings worked there until his clothes were frozen
to his body; being without undendothing, he
suffered severely. Ijut he was of strong con-
stitution, and despite this hai-sh treatment he
grew up a healthy, stalwart man. He spent
all his life in the cultivation of leased lands,
and was a hard working, capable farmer.
John Keynolds had nmch natural ability and
a remarkable memory. Mentally he wad very
quick; he often nnide long mathematical cal-
ctdations in his mind as rapidly as others ac-
complished them with jiaper and pencil, to the
no small chagrin of the slower nmthemati-
cians. lie was a Democrat. John Keynolds
Avas married in Kent coimty to Kebccca
Denny, born in New Jersey. Their children
■were: I. William, bay pilot, married Mar-
garet Thompson, died in Philadelphia; II.
James, blacksmith, of Wilnnngton, married
Hester ilorris, and after her death, nnirried
again; III. Martha (^Irs. Levin Catts), of
New Castle county; IV. Francis, of the neigh-
borhood of Odessa, Xew Castle county, mar-
ried Costilla Holfecker; V. Elizalietl'i (Mrs.
AVilliam Jones), of AVilmington; YI. Kachel
(ilrs. John Pearson), of Dover; VII. John,
2; and seven others who died young. .Mr.
Keynolds died at the home of his daughter,
1\k. Catts, in October, 1S94, aged eighty-
seven years. He was for years a mendicr of
the jr. E. church.

John Keyncdds, 2, was born on the C\nn-
niins farm. lie went to school in winter and
worked in the fields in summer. lie was the
last of the children left at home, and felt it
his duty to remain with his jjareiits and a.ssist

them in their advancing years. He was thirty
yearsohlwhcnhe leased in the spring of 18b0,
a farm in the lower end of Dutch Neck, Duck
Creek hundred, and began making a home for
himself. lor three years he continued there,
and then removed to the Dr. Stout farm in
Little Creek hundred. In ISSG he loiised his
present farm, and has proved a successful tiller
of the soil, and a most congenial neighbor, in
politics he is a Democrat.

On June 5, 1871, John Keynolds, 2, was
married to Sarah, daughter of William and
Caroline (Price) Slaughter, of Kent county,
Del. Their children are: I. Catharine (.Mrs.
John Coodwin), of Duck Creek hundred, has
onechild, John K.;II. Dora(AIrs. John Wood-
all), of Wilmington; ^Ir. Woodall is captain
of a vessel; III. Aaron T., resides on the Kaw-
ley farm. Duck Creek hundred, married Ida,
daughter of David Argoe, of Kent county;
IX. John Harvey, at hiime; V. William P.,
at home; VI. Emma; VII. Virdie May; VIII.
Jessie.

FKAKK E. JONES, P. O. Smyrna, Del.,
son of William P. and Sarah A. (Harrington)
Jones, was boni in West Dover hundred, Kent
county, Del., near Templeville, Md., January
17, l«oG.

William Jones, grandfather of Frank E.
Jones, was a wealthy farmer of West Dover
hundred. He gave to each of his children a
tract of land in that section, and they settled
near one another, forming a small couununity
of their own. The children of William Jones
wero^ I. Samuel, died in Dover; II. Jona-
than, died near Jlillington, Md., was a pros-
perous fanner; III. GaiTctt, died near Slaugh-
ter, Del.; IV. Jesse, died near Slaughter; V.
William P.; VL Kachel (.Mrs. Jester), died
near Bethesda church. ]\Ir. Jones died on the
home farm in West Dover hundred.

His youngest son, William P. Jones, was
horn near Bethesda church, near Slaughter,
ICent county, Del., in 1810. He received a
fair education, and was early taught the art
of farming as ]n-acticed in his community.
His father gave him a small tract of land on
the ilaryland line, on whii'li he resided until
his death. He was courteous, of even temper-
ament, and very popular. In politics he was
a Democrat, and always labored effectively f()r
the success of his jiarty, but was never an of-
fice seeker. William P. Jones was twice mar-

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I I'.l

STATE OF DELAWAUE

717

ricJ. The children of his tii-st marriage were:

I. Alary A. (Airs. Josej)h Chirk), of West
iJover hundred; II. jS'aney (Airs. William
IlairiiigtoiiJ, died in Kent county, at the
lionie of her father; 111. Susan, deceased. The
first Airs. William P. Jones died in West
Dover hundred. Air. Jones married iia his
second wife Sarah A., daughter of John Har-
rington, horn in Kent county, Del., near Alary-
dell, Aid. Their children were: I. Frank E.;

II. Walter, cariienter, of Tenipleville, Aid.,
married Anna Davis; 111. Charle;^ tnick
farmer, of Smyrna, married Rachel Jones;
1\ . Oliver, farmer, of near Keaton, mai-ried
!Xettie Scalliuger; V. Isaac S., undertaker, of
"Wilmington; VI. Susan A., of Smyrna. Wil-
liam 1*. Jones died on his faiin in 18'J3; his
wife died in 1S77, aged about tiiirty-tivo
years.

Frank E. Jones waa educated in the public
schools of West Dover hundred. When he
was si-xteen years old, he h-ft home and se-
cured employment in farm labor from Phile-
mun Scotteu in West Dover hundred. He was
paid only twelve dollars per yeai', but he was
industrious and frugal, and at the age of
twenty-four was able to juarry. After his
marriage he leased the Dr. llidgely fann near
Dover for three years, and then removed to
the lleverin fann, near Little Creek Landing;
then to the Speakman tract, near Smyrna,
where he remained for tw<j years, and subse-
quently to his present place in Duck Creek
hunilred, owned by Aliss Sarah E. Peterson.
Air. Jones is a self-made man, careful in busi-
ness, and an esteemed citizen. He has been a
Democrat from his early manhood, and is a
stanch supporter of his party.

Frank E. Jones was married to Alary 11.,
daughter of his former emiiloyers, Philemon
and Alary 11. ((greenwood) Scotteu, of West
Dover hundred, born September 2(3, 18;j8.
Their children are: I. Henry K., born Eeb-
niary 20, 1881; IT. Elizabeth AL, born Jane
25, 1882; III. Frederic W., born December
9, 18S;5 ; lY. Foster S., born January 23,
3 8SG; Y. Ethel, born Ajuil 1, ls8S; YI.
Neva, born Alay 1(3, 180(J; Yll. Cliff.Md,
bom July 1!>, l"89;3. Air. Jones attends the
Af. E. churcli.

GAPxRETT S. AIOFFITT, P. O. Leipsic,
Del., son of Benjamin and Sarah (Jones) Abd-

titt, was bom near Cambridge, Dorchester
county. Aid., April 21, 1840.

His ancestors were of Irish descent. Lance-
lot Aloftitt, his great-grandfather, left Dublin,
Ireland, with his live brothers, and cauic to
America before the colonies had thrciwu otf
the Pritish yoke. They settled in Kent county,
Del., and tliere began the cultivation of the
rich land that had not long been redeemed
from the wilderness. Lancelot AIoHitt and
two of his brothers were soldiers in the Re\o-
lutiou, and contributed their part toward se-
curing American freedom. Lancelot Alottitt
reared a family and died, probably, in Kent
county, Del. John AIotKtt, son of Lancelot
Alottit and grandfather of Garrett S. Alotftt,
was born near Kenton, Kent county, Del. He
was a very wealtliy farmer, but his confidence
in some of his friends led him to eiuloi-se heav-
ily for them, and he lost all that he had ac-
cunuilated. Air. Aloffitt was a soldier in the
AVar of 1812; in one of the engagements, his
collar bone was broken by a bullet fmm a
Pritish gam. John Aloffitt married and had
sixteen children; those whose names are
known are as follows: 1. Jesse, farmer, near
Hazlettville, Del.; 11. George, farmer, died
near Kenton;lll. Lancelot; lY. Benjamin; Y.
Alary (Aire. Jcdm Brvan), died in Kent
coun\v, Aid.; Yl. Rachel; Ylt. Xancy; Yll I.
Hannah; IX. Elizabeth. Air. Aluffitt died oa
his farm near Iventnu.

Benjamin Aloffitt was born on the home
farm near Kenton, in 1808. His early life
was nnirked by hardships, owing to his father's
unfortunate busiiu';s failure and his death in
Benjamin's youth. He had a limited educa-
tion, secured as best he could from chance
sources. While very youu!^-, he v,-eut to work
for farmers in hii community, and for numy
veal's devoted himself to agriculture. After
his marriage, he occupied for a short time a
farm near Kenton, and subsequently removed
to Dorchester county. Aid., where he resided
for twenty-five years. About 18G5, he return-
ed to Kent county, Del., and lived in retire-
ment near Slaughter. Benjamin Aloffitt mai--
ried Sarah, daughter of Garrett and Sarah
Jones, of Kent countv, Del. Their children
were: 1. Alary (Airs. J. AVoolford), of Balti-
more c.initv, Md.; II. Sarah (Wr^. William
Alills),of l)oreheslereouiilv,.M(l.; 111. C.arrett
S.; iV. .M,.n'lhi, died young; \\. Fmiua (AIi-s.
John Barnes), died in Dorchester I'ouuty, Aid.;

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718

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

VII. Dorothy (]\fn--. Thomas McJilton), of
Bahiniore. JMr. ^lotHtt died in Kent comity,
IVl: Airs. ]\lotKtt resides in liaitiniore ^vith
her dangliter, i\Ire. -MeJ ilton. Slie is eif^hty-six
years of age, but still enjoys good hcaltli.

Ciarrett S. Alotlitt was tiie only boy in a
large family of children, and mueh work fell
to his share, llo had no opportunity fur ob-
taining an education and when he was sixteen
years old, could not write his own name. On
September 5, 18G1, he enlisted in Company
C, First Regiment, Alaryland Volimteer In-
fantry, and served as a soldier for three years
and two months, receiving his discharge Xo-
veniber 1, 18G4. lie was in the battles of
Gettysburg, Harper's Ferry and .Monocacy,
j\ld., besides many skirmishes, llis anuy rec-
ord is one of which he may well be prond.
AVhile a soldier, ilr. Alothtt learned to read
and write, and recci\'ed from his comrades a
fair training in arithmetic. After the war he
rejoined his father, who had removed to
Slaughter, and obtained work by the month
from tlie fanners. After his mamage he re-
sided at Kenton, continuing as a farm laborer.
For twenty yeai-s he lived on farms in New
Castle county. In ]\Iarch, 18!)S, he settled
on his present fann, in Duck Creek hundred,
and leased two farms from Kobert Rawley.
Air. Aloihtt is a member of Cieneral Hancock
Post, No. 2i), G. A. ]{., of Smyrna, and a Ke-
publican.

On July 27, 18(5f., Garrett S. Moifitt was
married to Alary E., daughter of Sam\iel and
Alargaret A. (Tniax) Alarshall, born in Leip-
sic, Del., July 24, 1847. Their children are:
I. Samuel, at home; II. Benjamin Franklin,
farmer, of Diick (h-eek hundred, married
Laura Wright; III. Thomas K., farmer, of
New Castle county, married Flla Brothel's;
IV. William S., clerk in a store in Wilming-
ton; V. John P., student in South China
Academy, .Me.; VI. Charles S., student of
theology in Oak (irove Seminar^', Vassal-
borough, Ale.; VII. Nathaniel W., at home;
VITI. Alartiii E., at home; IX. James C., at
home; X. Edward, died young; XI. Alice,
died young. Air. Alottit attends the AI. E.
church.

AUCtUSTUS SCOUT, Smyrna, Del, was
was born in Smyrna, Afarcli 11, 1817.

Air. Scout's early youth was a stniggle for
subsistence and education. Times were hard.

and the boy was obliged to assist in earning
the necessaries of life for the family; nor were
the means at hand to pay feu- his school educa-
tion. But he was stuut of heart, and faitii-
fully did his share; and be.-,ides his etfoiis as a
wage-earner, he managed to obtain, almn^t
unaided, the rudiments of an educatit)n. Hav-
ing learned the alphabet, he set him.self labor-
iously at the task of reading all the books he
could collect. When his ambitions and his
j)ei-severauce became known, he received aid
from his Sunday-school teachers; and a-,
about this time, the public schools were estab-
lished, he enjoyed the opportunity of attend-
ing them during one month of each winter; (;f
this time we may be certain he made the best
possible use. In this coni-se of self-education.
Air. Scout read a number of books of travel,
and this circumstance de(ided his career for
many yeai-s of his life. At the age of soveu-
teen, he left his homo, went to Philatlelphia,
and shipped as cabLii-boy and cook on a river
vessel. During the cnsiung ten yeai-s, he
made many voyages, aud met with numerous
interesting adventures. Some of his trips at
that time were along the southern coast of
Florida in fruit-trading vessels. During this
])eiiod he availed himself of every opportunity
to increase his store of knowledge, always aim-
ing at accuracy, as well as fullness, of informa-
tion. Among other methods, he kept a log-
book with great care. After ten years of sea-
faring life. Air. Scout made his first vi^it to
his homo in Smyrna, where he was gladly wel-
comed.

His sea voyages continued for a number of
years longer. On one of his trijis to Havre,
France, his ]uitriotic jiride was gratified by a
sight of the U. S. frigate Constitution,
grandly riding at anchor in that foreign ]K)rt.
From Havre, on that trip, he sailed to Cadiz,
Spain, and thence to Portland, Afe., the hiune
port of the vessel. There, ha\ing decided to
abandon the sea for a time, he obtained a sit-
uation in a store. But soon after, his former
captain asking him to re-ship with him, and
accompanying the request ^\^th an offer of
compensation equal to that received Ijv the
captain himself. Air. Scout accepted the oifer,
and ship])e<l for Alatanzas, Cuba, with a cargo
of lumber. After a severe passage, they dis-
charged the cargo, and returne<l to Portland,
M'here Air. Scout resumed his duties as a clerk.
It was not long, however, before his love for

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STATE OF DELAWARE

719

the old sea-faring life again .set liim afloat, and
lie luade. anotlier tiip to Alat-anzas, retuniiug
again to Portland. IJeing dissatistied witli tlio
tdabS uf vessels employed in the Cuban traile,
his next voyage was from Boston to Savannah,
Ga., and thence with a eargo of cotton to J.iv-
erpool, England. Later cruises were: to
Cuha, with a general cargo; to the Isle of
A\'iglif; to Hamburg, Germany; to New York
City; and, ^vith three others of the erew, to
Boston and to South America. In South
America he lay three months in a hospital,
suffering from fever. Ilis brig s.iiled during
his illness, and he returned home on anotli^r
vessel; sailed thence to Kingston, Januiica;
to Cuba; to Trieste, Austria, with cotTee; to
Boston; to AVilmington, N. C. ; to the West
Indies; again to Trie-^tc; to Sicily, and other
ports.

j\Ir. Scout made trips to different qmirters
of the globe on vessels sent out by the great
.ship-owner, Joseph Peabody, of Salem, ilass.
On one voyage, on the Carthage, Captain
I'eiTv, it took ninety-eight days to make the
jjort of Calcutta, owing to severe stonns. The
return voyage wa.s even longer, occupying one
hundred and twenty days. The Carthage
brought liack $64-,o6o in silver, and a val-
uable cargo of merchandise. Retiring tem-
porarily from the sea, "S\v. Scout taught school
for a time, and then returned to the coastwise
trade. In 1^50, he engaged in mercantile bus-
iness at Smynia Landing, and also can-ied on
a .shij) yard, a nureery and a vineyard. He
retiri'd from active life in 1888, and in his
conifortabh^ leisure may enjoy the retrospect
of an active, honorable and usefid life. Ven-
erable in appearance, hlesse^^l with good
health, genial and companionable, ^Ir. Scout
is one of the best known and most popular cit-
izens of Smyrna. His memory is unimpaired,
and his reminiscences are eagerly listened to
by his accpiaintances. Like all seamen, he
takes keen jileasure in hearing or telling a
good joke. ifr. Scout has ])re.sented each of
his sons with a good farm. He is a stanch
Democrat, and declares that "all good people
ought to vote the Democratic ticket."

On August 0, 1S44, Augustus Scout was
married to Temperance Ann, daughter of
George Benii, of Smyrna. Del. Their chil-
dr(Mi are: I. Alice (.Mi-s. .r.mics Farrous"), of
riiilailelphia; II. Jeff'erson Davis, of Smyrna
Landing; III. Anna (^Mrs. Robert Mackey),

of I^hiladelphia; IV. Clement V., born in
Smyrna, June 10, 1804, educated in the pub-
lic schools, was reared a fanner, taught schoul
for two yeait5, is a iJeniocrat, and has been as-
sessor of Duck Creek hundred for two ycare,
is a member of the O. U. A. ^M., and of the
^\. E. church, was mamcnl in 18b8 to Fannie
Thompson, and has children, i. Willis P., ii.

■ ; V. ]\Iark, of Smyrna; \'I. Octavia,

of Colorado Sjirings, Col. Mi's. Augustus
Scout died in Smyrna, in 1S8S. She was a
devoted wife and mother, and her death was a
severe blow to the husband with whom she
had spent so many happy years.

SAMUEL S. GllIFFIN, P. O. Smyrna,
Del., sou of John S. and Elizabeth (Broad-
way) Griffin, w;is boni near Smyrna, Keut
county, Del., April 20, 1820.

J lis grandfather wa-s David Griffin, of
AVelsh descent, who was born near Smyrna in
1750 and was a fanner. He married Jemima
Spruance, of Duck Creek hundred. Their
children were: I. ^^fary, born June 25, 1778;
II. John S. ; III. Lydia, born Januai'y 27,
1783; IV. Vashti, born September 14, 1785,
died yo\ing; V. David, 2, bom March 1, 1789.
David Griffin died .March 15, 1700, aged
forty years, ilrs. C!riffin married again, her
second husband being Da\ad Keese. They
had two children, Thonnis A. and Susan (Mrs.
Jacob (irilKn), who had a son, Thomas A.

John S. Ciriffin, father of Samuel S. Grif-
fin, was born in what was known as "The Al-
ley," Duck Creek hundred, Kent county, Oc-
tober 11, 1780. In his j'ounger days he was
a seaman, and began his voyages on a United
States man-of-war when he was eighteen years
old; he aftenvards visited nearly eveiy port
in the world. One cruise occupied seven
years. His experience was that of all sailors.
He saw nuich that was entirely new to him;
there was the always fascinating presence of
danger, and the jolly comradeship of his
mates on board his vessel and in foreign jiorts;
and there was also the hard work which was
then the daily lot of seamen on sailing vessels.
AVhi'ii tlie novelty of the life wore oft', after he
had been more than a dozen years on the sea,
]Mr. Griffiin returned to Delaware, married
and engaged in farming, at which he contin-
ued until his death. On October 20, 1810, John
S. Grifhn was nnirried to Elizabeth (Broad-
way) ilai-sh, a widowed daughter of Rev.

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•20

BIOORAPHIOAL ENCYCLOrEDIA

Samuel Broadway, a Baptist luiuister. Slie
ri'sidcd on what was ilieii called JJrowu's Neck,
]veiit county. ^Mr. and ,Mrs. (jritiin had chil-
dren: 1. Lydia, born September 2, 1817; II.
David B., burn February lu, ISllt, died in
Kentucky in 1859; Jll. Ann J. (Mrs. 'rilliaaii
roxwellj, born May 21, 1821, died in Kent
count}', in infancy; lY. Thomas K., born
-August 24, 1823, died young; \ . Samuel F.,
born December 20, 1S25, died in Kent county,
in January, 189^; \ I. John K., born Novem-
ber 19, 1827, died young; VII. Samuel S.;
VIII. Hester Ann, born August 19, IS — ; IX.
Lydia Flizabetli (^Ire. Daniel Farris), bom
1-ebruary 15, 1832, died in Kent county, De-
cember 9, 1868. John S. dritlith died on his
mother's farm, in Duck Creek hinulrcd, Feb-
ruary 30, 1834. ]\lrs. GritHtii afterward mar-
ried Thomas Wilds, who died a few veal's af-
ter their marriage.

Sanniel S. (Jriffith was bom in "The Al-
ky." His father died when he was four
yeai-s old, and his step-father, Thomas Wilds,
lived only a few yeai-s. His mother being left
in rather straitened circumstances, he secured
employment on neighboring farms, earning
four dollars per month, nearly all of which he
gave to his mother. Until he reached his
eleventh year, he attended school regularly
during its sessions; after he secured work, he
was able to be present only during the few
winter months, but he continued this attend-
ance until he was twenty-one. After his mar-
riage, in 1852, ^Ir. (iritHn began farming for
himself. He first occupied a farm near Bethel
church for two yeai-s, and then went to the
Bash farm, the home of his wife during her
girlhood, on which he has since rcmained. .Mr.
Griffin enlisted at Smyrna, November G, 18(52,
as a private in L'omj)any E., Sixth Regiment,
Delaware Volunteer Infantry, Captain
Tschudy, and was afterwards promoted to cor-
poral. He was sent to dunpowder Biver on
guard duty, remained there three months, and
returned home to take charge of the draft.
On August 22, 1SC3, his term of service hav-
ing e.\]iired, he was mustered o\it. He then
resumed farming. He has been elected a
Bcho(d commissioner, and stan<ls high in his
community. He sujjports the Bcpublii-an
ticket at tlie polls.

On February 12, 1852, Samuel S. Griffin
was married to Sarah Jane, daughter of John
H. and Martha Ba.sh, of Duck Creek hundred.

Their children are: I. ^lartha E., born No-
vember 23, 1S52, died Aj)ril 21, 1857; 11.
John S., of Smyrna, born February G, 1855,
married Florence Hutchinson on February 22,
1.^77, has four I'hildren; HI. Anna Mary, born
]\larcli 21, 1S57, at home; IV. Elizabeth B.
(^Irs. Samuel W'heatman), born January 24,
1859; V. Bebecca Jane (Mrs. Daniel W. Mor-
ris), born January 9, 18G1; VI. Jennma, and
VII. Lydia (deceased), twins, born April 22,
18G3; Xiil. Siisan and IX. Sallie (Mrs. David
S. Knott), twins, born ilay 13, 1807.

BOBEBT D. HOFFECKER, bora Febru-
aiy 7, 1831, was the son of Joseph Hoffecker,
who was the son of Martin Iloifecker, whose'
father, Henry Hoffecker, came over from
Southern Germany, about the time of, or be-
fore the Bevolutionary War. He bought
land and eventually settled in "Dutch N^eck,"
the eastern part of Duck Creek hundred.
His children were: I. Adam (who settled in
Bennsylvania) ; II. John; III. Martin; IV.
Bhilip; V. Ilenrv; VI: Alargaret; VII.
Bachel; VIII. Susan; IX. Catherine. They
attended the Episcopal church near Duck
Creek until the congregation was disbanded,
and eventually became .Methodists when this
society spread over the country, about a hun-
dred years ago. They gave their attention to
agriculture for a number of yeai-s; Bobert
D. HotTecker was the first of the family to
adopt any other business.

Martin Hoffecker died early in life, leav-
ing four children: I. Joseph; II. Henry D.;
IIL Elizabeth (Mrs. John Savin); IV.
Bachel (jSIrs. John Appleton). Joseph, the
fii-st son, and father of Bobert D. Hoffecker,
married Sabra Bennington Denney, their
children being: I. Mary F. (Mrs Jesse S.
llutlington); II. Sarah E. (Mrs. AVilliam B.
Cahoon); III. Bobert I ). ; IV. John S. ; V.
Joseph H. ; VI. Albert T.

Bobert D. Hoffecker was married De-
cendier 5, 1S55, to Anna, daughter
of Bev. Finer and Anna (McCly-
ment) ilansfield. Of their five children,
Fanny and Carrie died at the age of nine
months, and the sm-vivors are: I. Bertha L. ;
II. Bobert D.; III. Samuel lA. Mrs. Anna
Hoffecker died February 4, 1893, in the fifty-
eighth year of her age.

Bolicit D. Hoffecker grew up in the vicin-
ity of Smvriia, where his father wa- a

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1/1(1

,(:■ '

STATE OF DELAWARE

721

farmer, using what advantages tlie country
Schools aiforded, teacliiug for a year, and then
studying at Dehnvare College, Newark, Del.,
for the major part of two years. In ilarcli,
18o4, he formed a partnership with Thomas
L. i*oidson, now the iJev. Dr. J'oiil.--(ni, of
Xew York East Conference, to engage in tiie
newspaper jiuhlishing husiness, buying out
Abrirliam Ponlson, who had been running
tlie Delaware Herald as a temperance organ
for two or three years. 1'his arrangement
lasted but a few months, and in June of the
same j'ear !Mr. lioffecker bought out the in-
terest of his partner, and changed the name
to T}ie Smyrna l^imes, imder whicli title it
made its first appearance July -i, lS5i,
Strengthening with the growth of yeai-s, the
Times became the popular newspaper of
Smyrna, and has the jn'oud record of
being the only paper that has stood from its
start. The Smyrna Telegraplt, edited by
Samuel P. Jones, preceded it in 1848-49; the
Delaware Herald in the early fifties, having
Reached the limit of its existence when it
changed hands. It was the pride of the
editor of the Times not to miss an issue, but
the experience in making it a success was not
different from that usually encountered in
such enterprises. It fell to the lot of the pub-
lisher to be cast into the troublous period of
our Civil War, when communities and
families were greatly divided on national
issues; and in personal experiences and pub-
lic events there were nuiny thrilling incidents
to record. Times, throughout the conflict of
four yeare, was an uncomprising advocate of
the whole country under one government.

While the editor was serving with the
"Home Guards" near Baltimore, an incident
ocmirred which showed the s]urit of bravery
actuating the women of that time. A young
}nan from New Jereey, who had been with
him a few weeks, was left in charge of the
printing office. He had announced hinLself
a Democrat, but claimed that he was for the
Union, differing in this respect from the other
Democrat-s of the place. When the editor
left, this young man was seen to be in close
conversation with some sympathizcre with tiie
('onfe<leracy, Init the tlxjught had not been
entertained that the conversation was for evil
)iur])oses. A night or two after, !Mrs.
Ibiffecker, wife of the editor, awnke wiih a
strong impression that something ha<i hap-

pened, and calling her lady guest, they both
made their way for the printing office, a few
diiors below, 'i'o their dismay they found the
dooi^s wide open, several cases and galleys
of type mixed up in a [jile on the floor, and
e\erything about the room in a slate of con-
fusion. The young Jerseyman, who had evi-
dently been persuaded to per^xitrate the deed,
had escajHid that night for parts imknown
and was never seen there again. This did
not stop the paper, as was the intention. With
the aid of F. AV. Griffith, a printer, in mer-
cantile business in this vicinity, the Times
was issued weekly until the editor returned
home. Because of impaired health, shortly
after the close of the war in 18CG, Mr. liof-
fecker disposed (jf the Times to his brother,
Joseph II. lioffecker. The latter, who had
learned his trade in the ofhce of the Smyrna
I'iincs was well qualified to conduct the busi-
ness, and did so in a very popular manner
for over eleven years. During this time the
ex-editor was engaged in the manufacture of
woolen goods with his brother, John S. liof-
fecker, at Jlilford, Delaware. They had not
been running the plant for more than eight
years when the factory was destroyed by fire;
the firm subsequently dissolved, tlie ex-editor
going to a farm near Smyrna, where he tilled
the soil for three years.

Upon the failure in health of Joseph H.
Ilofi'ecker in 1877, which subsequently ended
in his death, e.\-editor It. D. lioffecker again
became the proprietor of the paper he had
founded. When he assumed control, the
Ti)i)cs continued as it had begun, free from
moral and literary objections, and devoted to
the best interests of the community. In 1897,
the ITurlock property, adjoining the Fruit
Growers' National Bank, was purchased and
the Times which during the ]irevious yciirs
of its existence had occupied the second and
third stories of different properties in town,
was moved to a permanent home, especially
arranged iii convenient compartments adapted
to its purpose. Here the Times continues to
be published with increasing vigor as the years
go on. Bobt. D. lioffecker, Jr., has "been
Associate Editor for several years, since his
gradiKition from Delaware C(dlege.

Mi: lioffecker never sought nor filled pub-
lic office, prefering to give his tnulividcd at-
tention to hi^ nex^^paper. lU'ar and dear to his
heart. Durini;- tlie ('ivil A\'ar he was ser-

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722

BIOGBAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

gcant major of a battalion of the Sixth Dela-
ware Itegiinent, in command of Colonel Ed-
win "Wihner, the head quarters being within
four miles of Baltimore when the battle of
Gettysburg was fonght. For several years,
he has been a trustee of the .M. K. t-lnnvli.

- WILLIAil ASIK'KAFT, Isl. D., P. O.
Smyrna, Del., son of John and Rhoda (Fisher)
Asheraft, was born at Alsecom, Atlantic
county, K J., July 25, 1825.

He is of English descent on the paternal
■side, while his mother's family is of (Jerman
origin. But little is known of their ancestral
history. The family of John Asheraft,
father of AVilliam, fonnerly resided in Con-
necticut, but removed to New Jersey early in
the present century. John Asheraft was a
shoemaker, and was at the same time engaged
in farming. The latter part of his life he
sj)ent in Philadelphia, where, for some years,
he was engaged in mercantile business, and
wdiere he died. The children of ^fr. and ^Irs.
John Asheraft were: I. Elizabeth Ann, of
I'liiladelphia, married first to the late Charles
Heritage, by whom she had one daughter,
now deceased; she married secondly, Benja-
min Heritage, who is also deceased; 11.
Keziali M. (ilre. Christian Stanger), deceased;
III. Sarah, deceas('d, married to the late
Charles Shivers; of her two children Eliza-
beth is still living; IV. Hannah L., deceased;

V. ifary R. (]\Irs. Henry Beading), deceased;

VI. Amanda Qfrs Savage), de-
ceased; VII. William; VIU. Samuel M.,
deceased; IX. John H.

William Asheraft's parents removed from
Absecom to Gloucester county, N. J., when
he was but three years old. He lived there
about nine years and then went with his par-
ents to Philadelphia. His rudimentary edu-
cation was obtained in the puldic schools of
Gloucester. On bis removal to Philadelphia
he attended the Crawford grammar scdiool,
and completed the course in that institution.
Then he commenced the study of medicine as
a student of Prof. Thos. D. Mutter, of Phila-
<lelphia. He matriculated in 1S43 at Jeffer-
son "Medical Colleire and in 1840, received
the degiw of ]\r. D. In the fall of that
year, he went to Vincentown, N. J., wdicre
he l>egnn the pra<-tice of medicine. Six
months later, ambitious for a larger field. Dr.
Asheraft removed to Cantwell's liridge (m.w

Odessa), New Castle county, Del., there he
ministered to the physical ailments of the
people for thirty years. In 1878 Dr. Ash-
eraft came to Smyrna, and has remained here
since that time, recognized as one of the lead-
ing physicians of the community. He was for
a nnml)er of years one of the trustees of the
poor of New Castle county, accredited to St.
(ieorge's hundred; is a member of the State
Jfedical Society, of Harmony Lodge, No. 13,
F. and A. !M., of Smyrna, and of the I. O. H.
He is a firm believer in the principles of the
])emocratic party. Although seventy-two .
years of age. Dr. Asheraft is hale and hearty,
and his cheery voice and helpful skill are .
daily met witii at the bedside of the sufferer.
Dr. Asheraft was twice married. His first
wife was Lydia L., daughter of Abner and
Temperance Allston of Odessa. They had
three children: I. William, of Philadelphia,
man-ied to Lydia L. ]yIontgomery, has had
seven children; II. Charles Ann, widow of
William ^I. VandegTiff, had five cildren, four
of whom are living; III. Ileniy T., deceased,
married to Carrie Letherbury has three chil-
dren. Dr. Asheraft was married in Phila-
delphia, October 2, 1870, to his second wife,
Amanda ;M., daughter of I^owder T. and El-
mira (Chindle) Layton, and widow of William
J. Wharton. ]5y her fii-st marriage ^Iiv.
Asheraft had two sons, William W. and
Charles M., both of Philadelidiia. Dr. Ash-
eraft is a member of the .Mi'thodist Episcopal
church.

m

AUGUSTUS E. JABDTNE, Smyrna,
Del., sou of General Edward and Oiibelia
(Kreemer) Jardine, was born in New York
City, December 23, 1854.

'rhe Jardine family is of Huguenot des-
cent. On account of pei-secutions for their re-
ligious belief, representatives of the family
many years ago left France and settled in
England. Of the present generation, the
]iatenial ancestors are of English extraction,
the maternal of German. The grandfather
of Augustus E. Janline was, like his imme-
diate ancestors, a native of Kent county,
I]ngland. where he died and was buried.

Edward Jardine, father of Augustus E.
Jardine, and the most celebrated mend)er of
the familv, was born at Seven Oaks, Kent
county, England, November 2, 1828. While
vet a very vonng man, he came to America
with his'm'otlu-r and stepfather and set-

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i i:''-'

STATE OF DELAWARE

72a

tied in Xew York City, -wliere he received
tlie greater part of his education. After leav-
ing school, he secured a clerkship in a down-
town hardware store in New York, and con-
tinued in that position until he was twenty
years of age. Then he nuide iiis fii'^t busi-
ness venture on his own account, estal)lisli-
ing himself as a hardware merchant in Pearl
street, New York City. Here he remained
for some time, and then removed to Fort Lee,
a small New Jersey town, where he conducted
a Imrdware store until the Civil war. When
I'rcsident Lincoln issued his call for 75,000
volunteer troops, the patriotic spirit of the
ancestral Jardines quickened within him, and
he enthusiastically began preparations for
contributing effectually to the preseiwation of
the Union. He i-aised a company of young
men at Fort Lee, and equipped them at his
own expense. His soldiers uiumimously
elected him captain, and he proceeded at
once with them to New York City, where
on April 21, 1S61, he applied for the enlist-
ment of his company in the New York Zou-
aves, afterwards known as the Ninth New York
LJegiment, Hawkins' Zouaves, which organi-
zation had tendered its sen'ice to the govern-
ment two days before. Captain Jardine and
his men were gladly received. He had ac-
quired a thorough training in military tactics,
as a member of the famous Seventh Regiment,
National. Guards of New York, and he im-
pressed upon the regiment the value of disci-
])linc, and inspired an enthusiasm such as is
rarely created by the presence and example
of one man. His efforts in these directions
contrilnited greatly to the brilliant record of
the regiment, and to the winning of its well
deserved name, "The Fighting Ninth."

During his early connecliou with this regi-
ment. Captain Jardine was particularly noted
for his daring while on scouting parties.
Especaillj' meritorious were his services as
commander of a ~small detachment of the
Ninth regiment in covering the retreat of the
L'nion forces after the battle of Big Bethel,
Va., June 10, 18G1, and in bringing away
the body of Lieutenant Greble, the first offi-
cer of the regular army M'ho fell. He wad
then serving under General Phelps, at New-
port News, Ya., and was under the direct
command of General l^utlcr. At the lauding
of troo]is at Llatteras Inlet, N. C, under the
licavy fire of Fort ILatteras and Clark, in Au-

gust, 18G1, he displayed great bravery. He-
led his company with conspicious ability diu'-
ing the attack upon and capture of Fort De-
fiance. For his services as leader of the first
storming party at the time of the capture of
Fort Hatteras and Clark; at Camden Court
llouse, where he was wounded, and at Win-
ton and Elizabeth City, he was commended
in the highest terms to Cieneral Grant by
General Parke, then commanding the Ninth
Regiment, and was accordingly breveted ma-
jor of the regiment, ilajor Jardine took an
active part in all the battles in which his
regiment was engaged. At South ^fountain
he was assigned by Colonel (afterwards Gen-
eral) Fairchild to the temporary command of
the Eighty-ninth New York Vohmteers, and
thiifhe retained until after the battle of An-
tiet^im, in which decisive engagement he was
again wounded. As a mark of appreciation
of his gallant conduct as commander of the
Eighty-ninth, he \vas presented with a gold
medal and a handsome sword by the officers
and privates of the regiment. During the
battle of Antietam, Major Jardine displayed
a bravery that infused into his soldiers fight-
ing enthusiasm. An interesting incident is
related of the coolness and determination by
which on that occasion he prevented his regi-
ment from ilecing in disorder. His men had
been under so deadly a fire from the enemy
that the entire reg-iment broke, then hesitated
and was about to retreat in a r(jut when the
intrei>id officer, who knew not the meaning
of defeat, lea]x>d upon a rock in face of a
sweeping fusillade of shot and shell and with
his sword waved high over his head and his
voice sharp and ringing by dcsparation shout-
ed: "What are you men about? Rally! For-
ward ! Charge !" His example and words had
an immediate effect. The soldiei-s caught his
defiant spirit, and dashed down the hill and
against the rebels with such force that they
drove before them in helpless disorder the
opponents who only a few moments earlier
had been so near to a victory. This is but
one of many signal acts of almost reckless
daring performed by ifajor Jardine dui-ing
the war. After the battle of Antietam, Ma-
jor Jardine rejoined his own regiment, the
Ninth, ami participated in the engagements
around Suffolk, Ya., and in the battle of
Fredericksburg, Ya. Tu tlie latter contest
he received his third W(/und. At the cxpira-

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724

BIO on A PHI GAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tion of liis tenii of ciilistmeiit in the Ninth
regiment, he returned to New York and was
mustered out in 1S()3. He then reorganized
the Ninth for service until the close of tlie
M-ar, and was chosen colonel of the regiment.
AVhile on duty in New York City, he was
ordered by General "W^ood, then in command
.of that department, to assist in quelling the
draft riota of July, 1863. lie was at the
head of a small body of troops when he was
met by the rioters at the corner of Second
Avenue and Twenty-third street and a stnig-
gle ensued, during which he was stnick in the
thigh by a leaden slug, and received a
wound which years afterwards caused his
death. Being thus injured, he was removed
to a private residence, and secreted in a cellar
imtil the conclusion of the riots. During this^
confinement, the several regiments which
were recruiting in New York, among them the
Ninth, were consolidated with the Seven-
teenth, and went to the front as the Seven-
teenth regiment, Jardine, as ^colonel com-
manding. Upon his return to New York, he
was made a brigadier general of volimteers,
and stationed in that city in command of the
reserve corps. ITe was mustered out in 1805.

General Jardine was as good a citizen dur-
ing times of peace as he was a brave soldier
in the battles for universal freedom and the
preservation of his country's government, lie
returned to civil pur.-^iiits when the war ended,
with the same energy that had characterized
his early life. In 1872, he was chosen clerk
of the General Assembly of New Jersey, and
upon the expiration of his term engaged in
the newspaper business in Jersey (^ity, N. J.,
])ublishiiig the Jersey City Daily Times and
Bergen county WceHy Times. lie subse-
quently retired from journalism, and was ap-
pointed United States weigher in the custom
house at New York. Ills was the first ap-
pointment President Grant made after enter-
ing u])on his duties as chief executive. This
office General Jardine held until hi« death.

General Jardine was a brave soldier, a gooil
citizen and a noble man. Tt would l)e dilfi-
cult to exaggerate in pronouncing encomiums
upen his life and character. As a soldier he
was fearless, firm in the severest trials, always
in the van when danger was to be met; be-
li)ved by his subordinates and honored by his
superiors. As a citizen, he rose from an lium-

ble place among his fellows to one of dignify
prompt to answer his country's call to arms'
he was earnest afterwards in teaching through
his newspaper the les.sons of the war, and in
counseling tlie measures and conduct be^^t
suited to effect the rapid and substantial de-
velopment of the country under the new
order of things. As a man, he was respected
for Ins uprightness and ability, and loved for
his genial and courteous nnmner. Perhaps the
best eulogy of General Jardine may be ex-
jn-cssed in the language of Rev. Clark Wright,
the officiating clergyman at his funeral. lie
said: "An honored man, a faithful comrade
and chieftan, a devoted friend, a brother be- •
loved has ended his pilgrimage, and we as-
semble to participate in these last sad rites
ere we give him a christian burial and jjlace
these remains beneath the sod of the state he
loved so well." General Jardine was a man
of entertaining conversation; his mind was
stored with many interesting incidents of his
varied military career. Although a great
sufferer to the time of his death, he always
wore a cheerful smile and had a pleasant word
for all; his loss was deeply deplored. lie was
an active member of (icorge Washington
Post, G. A. B., Military Order of Loyal Le-
gion, ITawkin's Zouaves' Veteran Associa-
tion, of the Seventh Begiment Veterans, and
of Chancellor Walworth Lodge, A. F. and
A. M.

Edward Jardine married in 1846, Ophelia,
daughter of Jacob B. and Susan S. (Brown)
Kreemer, of New York. At the time of her
marriage ]\rrs. Jardine was sixteen years old.
Her father was born in New York, November
10, 1802; her mother in the same city, April
IS, 1801. ]\Ir. and Mrs. Jardine had chil-
dren: I. :\rarian S. ; IL diaries Edward;
III. Bichard ITodge; IV. James D.; V.
Augustus E. All but the last named are de-
ceased. Mrs. Jardine died at ilystic Island,
Conn., ]\Iay 2, 1882, and was buried in Green-
wood cemetery, New York. In 1890, Gen-
eral Jardine married as his second wife, ifrs.
Katherine Clark, of New York, who smwives
him. General Jardine died at Hotel Pttmery,
New York City, at noon of July IG, ISIth.
Tlie funeral services were held in Scottish
Bite flail, Twenty-nintli street and Madison
Avenue, where the body lay in state thri-o
davs. The interment was in Greenwood

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STATE OF DE LAM' ARE

725

cemctei'y. General Jardiiie was a meraljer of
the Iknlford street M. E. church, New York
City.

Augustus E. .TarJine was educated in the
public scliools of New York City, and at an
early at^^e entered the College of the City of
New York. Before the completion of his
coui-so here, he left the institution to accept
tlic appointment as cadet in the United states
Naval Academy^ at Annapolis, Md., tendered
to him l>y President U. S. Grant. From the
academy he was graduated in 1870, and was
assigned to duty on the U. S. ships Yaittic
and Tennessee, on the Asiatic station. lie
served eight j'ears as junior lieuteiumt in the
nav}', on the United States steamers Keaisage,
Yantic and Tennessee, and during this period
made a cruise around the world. On his re-
turn home he was blinded by powder from a
cannon at Mystic Island, Conn. Every ef-
fort was made to restoi-e his sight, but he con-
tinued to be deprived of it for a number of
months, and in 1884 was comi>elled to resign
from the navy l>ecause of this affliction. His
profession closed to him, he engaged in the
railroad business in New York City, connect-
ing himself with the Trunk Line Conmiis-
sion, a Pool of all railroads. In 1885 he came
to Smyrna as the secretary and treasurer of
the Philadelphia & Smyrna Transportation
company. This office he still holds. ^Ir.
Jardine is one of the most popular and ener-
getic citizens of Smyrna, a leader in all enter-
prises that promise extension of the welfare
of his adopted home. He is an efficient ex-
ecutive officer of the company with which
he is associated. He is president of the Board
of Trade at Smyrna, a director of the Pliila-
delphia & Smyrna Transportation Co., and a
mcmlicr of several societies of the town. He
is a Pepul)lican, but not an office-seeker.

On November 21, 1894-, Augustus E. Jar-
dine was mai-ried to Mary B., daughter of
William and Henrietta (Wilkins) Fell, of
Philadelphia, but formerly of Delaware.
They have one child, Edward Fell. ^Ir. Jar-
dine attends the P. E. church.

INfrs. Jardine is a direct descendant of
Joseph Fell, born August 19, 1GG8, at Long-
land, Cund)erlandshire, England. lie wa3
twice married and had twelve children, from
whom the Fell family of the Unite<i States
i< directlv descended.

CHARLES BELFORD HAILEY, Smyr-
na, Del., son of .lames and Priscilla (Foster)
Dailey, was born in Belfast, Ireland, in 1854:.

His paternal ancestors were Scotch; those
of his mother were I'higlish. His grand-
father, William Dailey, married iLary Mc-
Clellan, died in 18ti2, and was buried at
Inuesrush, Ireland. Their son, dames Dailey,
father of Charles B. Dailey, was educated in
the public schools near Belfast, and learned
harness-making at Ballymena, County An-
trim. In 1848 he came to America, to seek
his fortune in the land which held out so
much encouragement to ambitious yo'ung
men. He landed at Boston and went thence
to Lynn, Mass., where he worked two months
as a gardener, after which he returned to
Boston and procured em[)loyment in a ma-
chine shop. The longing for his Belfast home
can)e over him, however, and he sailed back
to Ireland in 1849. But there was slight
promise of advancement in County Antrim,
and in the latter part of the same year he
sailed to Australia. Landing at Sydney, he
immediately established a bakery. Soon af-
terward the gold fever broke out, and with
his cousin, William (Jodfrey, he hurried to
tlie gold fields of Ballarat, where they select-
ed and worked a claim and took out a great
amount of gold. ]\[r. Dailey remaineil in
Australia until 1852, when he returned to
Ireland and for twenty years followed mer-
cantile pursuits. Then he came once more
to America, and landed from the City of
Paris in New York City. He chose Newburg,
N. Y., as his home, and was engaed in the
grocery and liquor business there for about
a year, after which he sold his stock and re-
moved to Philadelphia. Mr. Dailey was in
a number of tradw and conducted many es-
tablishments during the next quarter of a
century, lie learned inj^rain carpet-weaving
with David Graham, of Sargent street, Ken-
sington, in nine months; went into business
for hiuKsclf; in isyo moved to Bucks county.
Pa., and leased a farm of 50 acres from John
(!lam, after a year removed to a farm of 40
aci'es belonging to John Ilamsel, of Philadel-
phia, remaining there two years; removed,
to Blackbird hundred. New Castle county,
Del., and purchased a farm of 50 acres from
Owen Crowley; in 1880 came to Smyrna and
engaged in carpet-wca\ing; a year later

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niOGRA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

bought a farm near Clayton, Del., from
Francis Woodhull and began farming; in
eighteen months tired of this and established
himself in the carpet-weaving business in
Cicrmantown, Pa.; conducted this two years
and came back to Smyrna to conduct carpet
works; in 1SSG went to Dover and engaged
in a similar pursuit, having the only carpet
factory in the place, lie still resides there,
ilr. Dailey is highly respected by all who
know him. lie is a Republican but not an
otKce-seeker.

In 1852, after his return from Australia,
James Dailey was nianied to Priscilla Bel-
ford Foster. They had children: I. Charles
Delford; II. Emily, died at the age of three
yeai"s, and was buried at Iniiesrush, Ireland.
^Irs. Priscilla Dailey died at Smyrna, Del.,
and was buried there, in St. Peter's P. E.
churchyard. James Dailey married secondly
Alia Evelyn (Belford) Foster; their marriage
took place in Philadelphia, in 18S2. !Mr. Dai-
ley is an active member of the P. E. church.

Charles Eelford Dailey came to America
with his father in 1872, became a clerk in
his father's store in Newburg, accompanied
him to Philadelphia, and with him learned
carpet-weaving under David Graham. lie
continued with his father, assisting him in
all his enterprises until 188-i, when he came to
Smyrna and established a carpet-weaving fac-
tory here, the only one in the town in which
rag-carpet is made; it supplies the principal
merchants with this product. His factory has
a capacity of 3,000 yards of carpet per year;
in it Mr. Dailey also manufactures a large
number of hammocks. Mr. Dailey is active
in educational affaire, and is a useful and
highly respected citizen. He is a Republi-
can, but liberal in his views, and never sought
an office. lie is an enthusiastic meml>er of
Wyckliff Lodge, No. 12C, A. P. A., of Phila-
delphia and was Tyler for two years.

Charles Belford Dailey married, in 1872,
at Cold Springs, N. Y., Susan, daiighter of
Patrick and ]\Iary !Meran, of Ireland. Their
children are: I. John B. ; II. William A.,
employed in Prettynuui's hoisery mill,
Smyrna; III. Priscilla Emily, attending pub-
lic school in Smyrna; lY. Charles 11., at
school in Smyrna. !Mrs. Dailey died in
Smyrna in 1S91 and was huried in the P. E.
churchyard there. Mr. Dailey is a member
of the Prosbvterian church.

John B. Dailey, eldest son of Charles B.
and Susan (ileran) Dailey, was educated in
the public schools of Smyrna and learned
ship-building at Roach's shii>-yard, Chester,
Pa. After spending live yeai-s there, he went
into to the employ of Cramp Bros., ship-
buildera, Philadelphia. lie is of an inven-
tive turn of mind, and has secured a number
of patents, among them one for a trolley
wheel which promises to yield a fortune to
his genius. John.B. Dailey is unmarried.

DAYID F. SMITllERS D. D. S.,
SmjTna, Del., son of Andrew and ^Martha
(Thoms) Smithei-s, was born in Philadeli)hia,
in 1837.

He has spent nearly all his life in this
state, his parents having removed to Dover,
Del., nvhen he was about one year old. In
the capital city, he attended the public
schools until he was eighteen years of age.
Then he began the study of dental surgery
with the late Dr. AVilliam G. A. Bonwell, a
widely known dental surgeon, of Philadel-
phia, lie completed his course in deutistiy
in two 3'ears, and removed to Smyrna, where
he began the jjractice of his profession and
has since remained. His fii-st otfice was in
the store room now occupied by ^Ir. Y'alter,
jeweler, ilain street above Commerce. After
four years he purchasetl the property in which
he now lives, buying it from ilrs. Underwood,
of Smynia, an4 ill's. George Capelle, of "Wil-
mington, Del., the joint ownei-s. He has al-
ways been greatly interested in education,
and has served for nine years as a school di-
rector, with entire acceptability to the peo-
ple of Smyrna. Dr. Smithei-s has Itecn the
leading dentist of Smyrna since ISGO, has
been successful in his ])rofession and esteemed
as a citizen. He is a member of Harmony
I^idge, N. 13, F. and A. M., of Smyrna,
and is a .Master ilason. He is a Republican,
but has never taken an active part in
polities.

On January G, 1803, David T. Smithers
married Harriet R., daughter of Joseph Rey-
"nolds, a farmer, living near Smyrna. They
have one child, EUa T., at hume. Dr.
Smithers is an attendant upon the il. E.
churcli services, an<l although not a communi-
cant member, is conscientious in the discharge
of bis duties to his fcllow-mcu.

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AL: '^^^H-'^^-^

STATE OF DELAWARE

729

GEORGE D. COLLINS, P. O. Sniynia,
])i'l., soil of Jienjaiuiu L. and Sarah (I)uvis)
Collins of Sussex count}', Del., was boni in
Smyrna.

l)cnjaniiii L. Collins was born in Sussex
county iu 1S04. lie was educated in the j)ub-
lic schools of Milford, and learned brickday-
ing and plastering with his father, Edward
Collins, -41 resilient of ^Milford, who died and
was buried there. Benjamin CoUius came to
Smyrna in 18-27 to carry on his trade, and soon
became prominent in the business. His first
undertaking was the erection of the old ileth-
odist Episcoi)al chui-ch at RuNnnond's Neck,
lie was the pnncipal bricklayer and plasterer
oi the ilethodist Episcopal church in Smyrna,
He was active and diligent in Ijusiness. Politi-
cally he was first a AVhig and was afterwards
associated with the Pepublican party, lie
was never an ofHce-secker. During the "for-
ties," he was a member of the Delaware legis-
lature. In 18 — Benjamin Collins married
Sarah Davis, of Milford, Del., born in 1802.
'i'hey had seven children: I. George D.; IT.
dohn E., died September 16, 1894, was buried
in the Odd Fellows' Cemetery, Smyrna; III.
Saliie E., married to xVlderman \V. II. Hoggs,
Smyrna; IV. Isaac, died in 1856, buried in
the old M. E. churchyard, Smyrna; V. .Mary
J., died in 1SC7; VL William, died when a
youth; VII. Benjamin Franklin, an oil
operator of Pising Sun, Ohio, married Re-
becca , daughter of an oil speculator,

and had eig4it children, i. Ilariy, deceased, ii.
Alexandei', iii. Fraidv, iv. Edward, v. Charles,
vi. (iracc, vii. Ed\\^^rd; viii. Charles AVesley,
at home. Benjamin L. Collins died in 1857
from exposure while working at his trade, and
was buried in the Methodist Episcopal church-
yard. His widow died in 1875. i[r. Collins
was an active member of the Methodist I'lpis-
( <ipal church. lie was a steward of his congre-
gation, superintendent of Sunday school, and
a class leader. He commanded the respect
o] everybody.

George D. Collins was educated in the pub-
lic schools of Smyrna, and afterward learned
[)lastcring and bricklaying with his father.
AVhen he was twenty-one years of age, he em-
barked in business as a contractor, and con-
tinued in the same until 1857, when he pur-
chased a farm of 154 acres, at Green Sjiring,
Del., from Jeremiah Allen. This large tract

41

of land he divided into sections for raising
grain, rearing live stock, and cultivating
peaches. His peach orchards proveil very
profitable, and from a tract of 1 8 acres planted
in peach trees, he netted about $4,000 in two
years. His markets were in JSTew York, Phila-
delphia and Boston. The P., \V. 0^- B. R. R.
ran through his farm; he sold a portion of his
land to the railroad company', and erected on
it a dwelling at his own expense, which was
known as Green Spring Station. In 1864 he
was appointed station agent there, and contin-
ued in that position until 1880. He, however,
remained on his farm until 1872, when he re-
moved into the dwelling at the station, and
was succeeded by his son, William. In 1869,
President Cirant appointed George D. Collins
postmaster at Green Spring, and the postotlice
was established in the store which he con-
ducted at the station. He was one of the
small band wlio disprove the statement of
some ofKcial that "few die and none resign,"
for he resigned his office in 1880, on account
of failing health, and moved to Bristol. In
1882 he transferred his residence to Smyrna,
and has since lived a retired life, giving to
business only the time necessary to looking
after his large real estate interests. "When
ilr. Collins removed to Smyrna, he purchased
ground, on which he built a house. He lived
there for six years, tlien sold the property to
ilrs. Hilary Ferro, and in 1887 bought from
John P. Hudson his present residence on ilt.
\''ernon street. He ha.s large real estate hold-
ings, including the projicrty at Delaware and
Mt. Vernon streets, inhcrite<l from his father,
and occupied by ]\lrs. — Ringgold, and others
adjoining the property tenanted by Joseph
Hunn, a dwelling which he built in 1895; a
double house on Delaware street below South,
on a lot purchased from J. II. Jeffei-son; the
store house on Commerce street occupied by
E. C. Faries, this being, a part of his inherited
estate; six unimproved lots in the town; Green
Spiring farm, in Xew Castle county, consist-
ing of 140 acres, leased to his son William;
Price's Corner farm of 92 acres, purchased
in 1S69 from Isaac Price and Elihu JefFer-
so!i and tenantc<l by Joseph Hamilton; the
Carpenter farm of 113 acres, bought from the
heirs of Col. (jcorge Davis, in 187 — , con-
ducted by Calvin Faries. IVlr. Collins is a
Democrat, but has never had a desire to hold

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730

BIOG I! A PIIICAL ENC Y CLOP EDI A

oHice. Ko lias always taken a gi-cat interest
in public affairs, and is liiglily esteemed by
all who know him.

CJeorge D. Collins was married, December
22, 1849, by Kev. W. C. Gray of Smyrna,
to Wilhelmina, daughter of Isaiah Taylur, of
the %'ieinity of Middletown, Del., who died in
18G0, and is buried in the ilethodLst Episco-
pal churchyard of Smyrna. They had chil-
then: I. William T., farmer, married Eliza
Davis; II. Benjamin C, successor to his father
as postmaster and station agent at Green
Spring, married Marietta, ' daughter of
Thomas iliddletou, who lives near Sm^'nia,
they had one child, Harold B., who is dead;
III. Catharine F., mamed, May, 1S74-, Henry
II. Wells, who died on the fann near Grceu
Spring in 1S84, leaving children, all now de-
ceased except Stella; i. Susannah II., ii.
George C, iii. Catherine, iv. Stella, v. Ilan-y;
in 1888 Catherine F. (Collins) Wells was mar-
ried to Joseph II. Primrose, farmer, of Green
Spring; lY. Flora F. (Mrs. Capt .larvis), of
Bristol, Pa., died 1885, had two children, i.
George L., ii. William N. ; V. Wilhelmina,
married in 1877 to Daniel Wells, died 1889,
had three children, i. Ilulda, ii. Wilhelmina,
iii. Flora J.; VI. Jlarj' A., died young. On
FebruaiT 25, 18G2, George D. Collins mar-
ried Paehel A. Brown, widow of John B.
Bro^vn and daughter of Peter S. and Sarah A.
Collins. lie is a member of the ilethodist
Episcopal church.

Peter S. Collins, father-in-law of George D.
Collins, was born near Taylor's Bridge, Del.,
January 1, 1810, during the fii"st hour of the
first day of the year. lie was the son of John
and jMartha (Bobb) Collins. His grandfather
was born in 1758, near Georgetown, Del.,
educated in the jiublic schools there and
learned by pratical experience the science of
fanning. When he was twenty years old, he
went to Taylor's Bridge, Kcw Castle county,
where he conducted a farm and a general
store. In 1809 he man-led l^^artha Bobb.
They had five children, all now deceased: I.
^forris; II. John; HI. Jose]ih: IV. Bebocca;
V. Abram. He was a Whig in politics,
thoTigh not an active partisan, and a member
of the ^Methodist Episcopal church. He was
highly popular. lie died in 1825 and was
buried in the Friendship ^fethodist Episcopal
cemetery.

Peter S. Collins was educated in the public

schools at Taylor's Bridge and began farming
at an early age. At the age of twenty-four
he went to Leipsic, Del, and managed the
farm of John Denny for two yeai-s. 'Iheu
he removed to the farm of Daniel B. Cummins
in Kent county, Del., which he purchased in
18G5, after which he relinquished fanning
and came to Smyrna. Here he lived in the
house on Delaware street, now occupied by
Mrs. Warren, for four years. Mr. Collins
was a Bepublican. He never sought an ofHce,
but was several times inspector of elections.
On Febnuiry 14, 1833, he married Sarah A.,
daughter of John and Elizabeth Jones, of
Smyrna. Mrs. Collins died in 1SG9. Their
children were: I. Martha E., married John
A. Sarin, farmer, and had seven children, i.
William C, ii. Peter S., iii. Sarah, iv. John
Edgar, V. Joseph H., vi. Clara, vii. George
S.; II. Peter S., 2; HI. John il., farmer, mar-
ried to ilargaret Ilargadine of Kent county,
Del., had four children, i. Sarah IL, ii. Sam-
uel, iii. John if., iv. irarietta; IV. George \V.,
farmer of Kent county, married Martha Se-
lina Wilson, has children, i. Bobert, ii. Peter
S., 3, iii. Francis, iv. George W., Jr.; V.
Marietta, wife of Dr. S. M. AVilson, a promi-
nent physician of Bridgeton, N. J., has cliib
dren, i. Balph C, ii. Clara Selina, iii. Her-
bert II.; VI. Louisa, died young; VII. Peter
P., of Smyrna, married Elizabeth Hill of
Kent county, Del., has children, i. Edith; ii.
Herman Clifton; VITI. William B., farmer, of
Pennsylvania, marrie<l ]\Iary Collins, daugh-
ter of W. B. Collins of Kent county, has one
child, Helen. Peter S. Collins was married,
the second time, in 1879, to Bebecca, widow
of Thomas Jester, of Smyrna. He was an
active member of the ifethodist Episcopal
church, superintendent of the Sunday school,
and a class leader.

LEAVIS M. PBICE, P. O. SrajTma, Del.,
son of Closes and Emeline (Wallace) Price,
was born on ]\rt. Harmon farm, near Breu-
ford station, Kent county, Del., in iSTovem-
ber, 1858.

i\rr. Price's ancestry is English. His father
is !Moscs Price, a retired farmer of Smyrna.
AVhen Lewis M. Price was six years old, his
family removed from near Brenford station
to Smyrna. He attended the public schools
of tliat town until he was nineteen, when he
entered Shortlidge's academy at Media, Pa.

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732

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

he was a nieniber of the Phihulelphia Stock
Exchange. He was an adherent of the Whig
party. William A. Budd was married to
Mary (Laws) Davis. They had children: I.
and II. died in infancy; HI. Isiiac Davis, de-
ceased, married Amanda ilcVey, of Loudoun
county, Va., had children, i. Karin Hlanche,
ii. William IL, iii. Townscnd, iv. iMary, v.
Alice, vi. Florence, vii. Norman; IV. Wil-
liam, died in California; V. Henry G. Mrs.
Mary Budd died iu 1833. Mr. Budd mamed
again, in 181(5, his wife being Sarah Gowan,
of Philadelphia. Their children were: I.
Katharine (Jowan, and II. Francinia AUi-
hone, twins; III. Edward Gowan; IV. Nor-
man; three children are deceased. ISh: Budd
died in 18 — , and was buried in ilonument
cemetery, Philadelphia. lie was a member
of the M. E. clmreh, and trustee and treasurer
of the congregation for a number of ycaa-s.
His life was that of a consistent Christian.

Henry G. Budd went with his parents to
Pliiladeipliia when he was four yeai-s old. He
attended the public schools there, and at an
early age entered the mercantile business. A
3'car later he relinquished this and became
connected with the Northern Liberties gas
works of Philadelphia. AVhen he was but
twenty-two years of age, he was compelled to
give up his position on acount of illness, and
for eight years he traveled about in the hope
of regaining his health. In 1802 he came to
Smyrna, and has continued his residence here.
For twenty-two consecutive terms he \ya3
elected alderman of Smyrna, meeting wnth
defeat only once, and that on the occasion of
his last candidacy. He was appointed justice
of the peace and notary pulilic by Governor
I'ondcr in 1871, and has hehl these oflices ever
since. :Mr. Budd is a man of retiring dispo-
sition, but is much esteemed by all. He was
originally a Whig, but has been associated
with the" Democratic party for many years.

Henry G. Biidd married, November 17,
1861, at Poughkcepsie, N. Y., Caroline,
daughter of Rev. George F. Kettle, of New
York. Their children are: I. Caroline Ket-
tle, wife of James H. ilcNeil, of Easton, :\[d.,
lias children, i. James IL, ii. Henry George
Budd; II. Henry, a minister of the :^[. E.
church; III. Catharine, if teacher in the pub-
lic schools of Easton, l\d.; IV. [Nfary L., at
present residing with her father in Berlin,

Md. ilr. Budd is an active member of the
M. E. church.

JOSEPH WKIGHT, P. O. Smyrna,
Del., son of Samuel and Susanna (Taylor)
AV right, was born in Bewdley, Worcester- ■
shire, England, September 1-1, 1820.

His maternal grandfather was Joseph Tay-
lor, who was born in Worcestershire, England,
in 1742, and educated in the national schools
of that country. At an early age he learned
nail-making, and after serving his appren-
ticeship, engaged in business for himself at
Bewdley, and was very successful in his under-
taking. He employed in his factory a large
number of men and women, boys and girls.
The manufacture of nails in those days was
very primitive, ever}' nail, from the small-
est sprig to the largest spike, being hanunered
into shape on an anvil by hand. In 1820 he
retired from business. Joseph Taylor and his
wife, Susannah Taylor, had three children,
one of \yhom was Susannah (ilrs. Samuel
Wright), who was bom in 1788 and died in
1852, and is buried in Bibsford Protestant
Episcopal church graveyard in AVorcester-
shirc; another was Sarah, who married and
had one child. Josejdi Taylor died in 1829
in Worcestershire, eminently respected, and
was buried in Bibsford graveyard. He was
a faithful member of the Church of England.
Samuel Wright, father of Joseph Wright,
was bora in AVorccstei-shire, England, in
1702. He was educated in the national schools
of that district, and aftenvard learned brick-
laying, in which he was engaged until within
a few years of his death, which occurred in
1856. 'lie married Susannah Taylor. They
had six children : I. ^fary, married to Adam
Dauby, of Worcestei-shii-e, a lantern leaf and
coml)maker of that county, had sLx children;
II. John, married to ^Mary Jumper; he was a
comb-maker, and while s\iffering from an epi-
leptic stroke fell into the river Severn and was
drowned; ITT. Susan, died 1886, buried in
Tfibsford gi-aveyard; IV. Sarah, die<l young;
V. Hannah, came to this countiw ^vith her
brother, Joseph, and died in Smyraa in 1678,
was buried in the Protestant Episcopal grave-
vard in Duck Creek hundred; VI. Joseph.

Joseph Wright was educated in private
schools in Bewdley, England. When he was

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STATE OF DELAWARE

733

fourteen, he was boiuul by liis father to Jo-
seph J'arher for seven years to learn carpen-
try, liy tlie terms of tlie bond, his father paid
!;■)£ to JJarber and was to fiirnisli clotliiiig
and washinj; for the boy during his appren-
ticeship. JJarber provided only food and
lodging, and did not ]iay him a penny during
the seven years. Barber, besides being a con-
tractor and carpenter, was the proprietor of an
inn. Young ^\'right was consequently thrown
much in the company of drinking men, and
might easily have acrpu'red the habits of a
drunkard, had he been so inclined. ]5ut the
misery and want he saw caused by the use of
intoxicants made him in later years a firm
adherent to temperance princijdcs. When he
liad cfimpleted the period of his indenture,
young Wright went to Birmingham and
worked at his trade for a year. Then he se-
cured employment in Kiddeniiinster for three
years, and in 1S54 came to America on the
sailing ship Tonawanda. He landed at Pliila-
del]ihia, and almost immediately procured
W(.u-k at his trade with William Denny, and
remained with him two years. lie came to
Smyrna for a week to repair buildings on a
farm, secured work with Smith 6z Ilazell, eon-
tractors, and has remained there ever since.
lie was with Smith i*c Ilazell for eight years,
and then launched his own venture as a con-
tractor and builder. His firet shop was on
ilarket street, whei"c he continued one year;
then he removed to ^lethodist street for three
years, and afterwards jturchrtsed the stable of
Edward Swanton on C\immins street, which
he remodeled into a carpenter shop and occu-
pied four yeai"s, then converted into two dwell-
ing liouses. For six years thereafter, he ten-
anted the shop owned by "Willard Weldon, on
Union street, and for the succeeding eight
years, the barn of John II. Iloffeeker. Then
lir erected the building he now occupies. Al-
though now in his seventieth year, IMr.
AVright is atill active in his business affairs.
He has always commanded general respect by
reason of his integrity and his vigorous char-
acter. .\s an instance of the esteem in which
he is held by his neighbors, it may be men-
ti(jned here that on his retm-n from a visit
to Knirlaiid in ISSG, he was met at the station
in Smyrna by the entire membcivhip of
]\Iorning Star Lodge, T. O. O. F., with a band,
and escorted by them to the lodge room. He
is of a I't'tiriiig dis]iosilinn, but is intrrcsting

and entertaining in conversation. It is his
greatest pleasure to perforin some act of kind-
ness and helpfulness; self is his last thought.
He is jilain in speech and resentful of a wrong,
but always ipiick to forgive and ever ready to
recognize the good qualities of his fellows.
]\Ir. Wright is a Prohibitionist, but does not
give offense in the exjjression of his views. He
is a member of ^Morning Star Lodge, No. C, I.
(). (). v., has passed through all the chairs,
and has been treasurer for twenty years. Jo-
seph Wright was married to ]'!lizabeth Carter,
of Worcestershire, England, in 185i. Their
children are: I. Joseph IL; II. Lily Eliza-
beth, died in 1880, is buried in the Protestant
Eiiiseopal graveyard, Smyrna; III. Juliet
Cummins, wife of Elmer Taylor, draughts-
nuin and engineer, of Philadelphia; IV. Sam-
uel Edgar; V. Susan Kaymond, li^^ng with
^Irs. Taylor in Philadelphia, ill's. Joseph
Wright died in iStJS, and is buried in the
I'rotestant Episcopal graveyard, Smyrna, ilr.
Wright is a consistent member of the Protest-
ant Ejiiscopal church of Sm}^^la, and has been
janitor of the sanctuary for forty years.

Joseph II. Wright, elder son of Jo-
seph and Elizabeth (Carter) Wright, was born
in Smyrna, iJel., December 20, 1857. He
acquired his education in the public schools
of liis native town, and Icanicd carpentry with
his father; this trade has been his occupation
through life. He worked as a journeyman
until 1880; in that year he began taking con-
tracts for buildings on his own account, and
in 18'J7 added a lumber yard to his other en-
tcr])riscs. He is a member of Morning Star
Lodge, No. 0, and of ]\rcDonald Encamp
ment, jSTo. 2, I. (). O. F., of Smyrna, and is an
enterprising and highly esteemed citizen.

Josejih IL Wriglit was married in Smyrna,
by the Bev. Adam Stengle, ]\[arch 21, 181)4,
to Delia Virginia, daughter of Thomas IL
and :\rary C. (Van Dyke) Wright, who was
born in New Castle county, Del. Thomas II.
Wright was a native of Delaware, and at one
time ser\-ed as coroner of Kent county, Del.,
also as dejiuty sheriff of New Castle county.
HiMlied in Smyrna in ^farch, 1805; his widow
resides in Smyrna. The children of Jlr. and
]\rrs Thomas H. Wright are: I. Harry Bay-
ard, decease.l; IT. Delia V.; III. Willard Wel-
lington, man-ied Laura l\rcDowcll and resides
at Trappe, ^U\.; IV. :Mar>' Emma; V. Albert
]\raxwell, died in infancy; VI. Susan H. (Mrs.

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734

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

J. Frank AVebb), of Smyrna; VII. Jaines
Van Dyke.

Samuel ii\lgiir Wright, second son of Jo-
seph and Elizabeth (Carter) Wright, was bora
in Smyrna, in February, 18G0, educated in
the public schools of Smyrna, and is at pres-
ent engaged as traveling salesman for the tirm
of J. O. IJoiise & Co., wholesale carriage
f\irnishings, of rhiladelphia; he has been with
this firm for nineteen years. lie married
in rhiladelphia, iliss Katie Fallows, of that
city, now deceased. They had children: I.
Edgar F.; II. Douglas F., deceased.

CHARLES G. IIAILAIONSON, M. D.,
Clayton, Del., son of Francis J. and j\lary
(Sears) llarmonson, was born in Berlin, Aid.,
September 30, ISCl.

His gi-andfather, James llarmonson, was
born in iMaryland in I7i)8, and was a farmer;
he removed to Laurel, Del., where lie died.
His children are: I. Martha (Mrs. J. P. Wy-
att), of Brooklyn, K. Y. ; II. Francis J., farm-
er of near Sahsbury, Md. ; III. George W.,
drowned at New Castle, Del., at the age of
forty-five.

Francis J. Hannonson, eldest son of James
Hamionson, was born near Berlin, ild. There
he received a common school education and
aftenvard devote-d himself, for a time, to the
cultivation of the soil. Then he engaged in
the mercantile business, conducted a hotel,
and is now proprietor of large lumber yards.
Francis J. llarmonson married ilary Sears.
Their children are: I. Horace C, hotel ])ro-
prietor of Berlin, Md.; II. Charles G.; III.
John, died when seven years old; IV. Francis
J., Jr., farmer, near Salisbury, ifd.

Charles G. llarmonson, ]\L 1)., obtained
his primary education at the Berlin academy,
and began reading medicine with Dr. Pretty-
man, of ililton. He completed his studies
at Jefferson iledical College, of Philadel-
phia, in 1SS4, ami began the. practice of his
profession in Clayton, Del., in the same year.
His career has been a successful one, and he is
now a leading physician and surgeon of the
town. He is surgeon of the P., W. & B. H.
It. and medical e.xaminer for the ilutual and
Equitable Life Insurance Companies of New
York, ami fur sc\eral other insurance organi-
zations. Dr. Harmonson is a member of
Shawnee Tribe, No. 27, I. O. H. IL, and of
the Shield of Honor. He i^ a Drmocrat, ac-

tive and influential in his jiarty's councils
and campaigns.

Dr. Cliarles G. llarmonson was moi-riod,
December 11, ISUO, to Lola, daughter of Ben-
jamin l'\ Blackiston, of Kent county, Del.
They have one child, Charles Leland, born
October 20, Ib'Jl. They are membei-s of the
P. K. church.

WILLIAM A. FARIES, Smyrna, Del.,
son of Alexander and Mary (JesterJ Faries,
was born in Smyrna, Gctober 27, 184t3.

His father was born in Smyrna in 1807,
and attended the public schools there. At
the age of eighteen he went to Philadelphia
and learned undertaking. He completed his
course of ti-aining there in 1831, and returned
to Smyrna to establish himself in business on
Main street between Commerce and South
streets, on the site of the present Faries un-
dertaking rooms. His venture was on a small
scale, but received substantial encouragement,
and by ineans of this aid and his own enter-
pi'ising spirit, he soon placed the business on
a profitable basis. In 1868 he admitted to
partnershij) with him his two sons, William
A. and Isaac H. The firm name was changed
to A. Fai-ies & Sons, under which the busi-
ness was conducted until 1872, when Alexan-
der Faries died. ilr. Faries was a member
and past grand master of iloming Star Lodge,
No. 40, I. 0. 0. F., of Smyrna. He was
in politics, first a AVhig and then a liepub-
lican, and was pronounced in his views, but
never an ofilce-seeker. Alexander Faries was
married November 20, 1832, to ilary, daugh-
ter of Isaac and Elender Jester. Their chil-
di'cn were: I. ]\Iary E., deceased, buried in
Odd Fe^ows' Cemetery, Smvrna; II. Eliza
J., of Smyrna; III. Sarah B., of Smyrna; IV.
Thomas, deceased; V. Alexander, deceaswl;
VJ. Isaac IL, married Emily P. Jefferson, of
Smyrna, had children, i. Clarence T., practic-
ing physician of Narbeth, Pa., unmarried, ii.
Nellie J., of Smyrna, iii. ilary E., of Smvrna;
Isaac II. died November 12, 1891, and was
buried in Smyrna; VII. William A. Alex-
ander Faries died in Smyrna and was Iniricd
in Glenwood ]\r. E. cemetery, but in 1S84
was re-interred in the Odd Fellows' cemetery.
He was an active and influential member of
the IM. E. church, a trustee and class leader.
!Mrs. Faries died in October, 1884, and was
buried in the (^dd Fellows' cemeterv, Smvi'i'a.

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STATE OF DELAWAIU'J

735

William A. Faries received his early edu-
cation in the public schools of Smyrna, aud
this was supjileiiiented by a course iu the
Quaker City iJusiiioss College, of rhihulel-
j/liia, from which he was graduated in IbGT.
lie returned to Smyrna when his studies were
completed, and with John E. Phillips as a
jiartner, purchased the gentleman's furnish-
ing store of Edward Ward, which they
conducted very successfully under the tirm
name of Phillijis 6z Faries for one year, hav-
ing added during this time the raannfucturo
of clothing. At the end of the year, Mv.
Faries withdreAV to enter his father's under-
taking establishment as a member of the firm
of A. Faries & Sons. After the death of the
father the business was conducted under the
name of W. A. Faries & Pro.; this designa-
tion was not changed after the decease of Isaac
Faries iu 1891. llr. Faries has improved his
property from time to time; in ISO-t he re-
built his ottice, ware-rooms and factor}'. In
IS'J? he jjinrliased from Dr. James K. Mc-
Causland his present residence, next his busi-
ness place; botli are model buildings, ilr.
Faries formerly lived on Mt. Vernon street.
^Ir. Faries is a member of the town council
iuul an active and progressive borough offi-
cial, lie is a Past ilaster of Harmony Lodge,
No. 13, F. aiul A. ■i\I., and a Past Noble
Cirand of ]\Inrning Star Lodge, No. 6, I. ().
0. F. He is greatly respected for his energy
iu public affaii-s and his successful manage-
ment of a large business. He is a Ropublian,
and loyal to his party.

On February 4, 1SC8, William A. Farieg
married Georgia I)., daughter of John and
ilargaret !Maree. Their children are: I.
Laura ]\r. (.Mrs. F. L. Reynolds), of Clay-
ton, Del., ]\Ir. Reynolds holds an important
position in one of the offices of the P., W. &
T>. R. R., at Clayton; they have one child,
Frank F.; IT. }*Iargaret S.' f:\Irs. Harry V.
Pyle), of "Wilmington, Del., ilr. Pyle is con-
nected with the Edgemore Iron Company; III.
Alexander C, died when two yeai-s old; IV.
Harvey AVilkin=, assiK-iated with his father
in business. ^Ir. Faries is a niemlicr of the
^I. E. church.

THEODORE H. BURTON, P. O. Little
Creek, Kent couiity, Del., s<^>n of James F. and
Charlotte Hlill) Pnvton. was born near St.

George's Chapel, Indian River hundred, Sus-
sex county, Del., September 23, 1S30.

The I)iirt<jn family is of English descent.
Robert Burton, a native of England, emi-
grated to America about 1077, and settled
in A'^irginia. He was married February 11,
1070, to Catherine Cotton. His three sons
took up land in Indian River hundred, Sus-
sex county, Del. The branch of the family
to which Theodore II. Burton belongs is des-
cended from one of these three In'othei-s.
William T. Burton, who was born in Vir-
ginia, November 11, 1077, died in Delaware,
leaving one sou, Woolsey Liurton, whose
son, Woolsc}', 2, was the great-great-grand-
father of Theodore H. Burton. 'Mr. Burton's
great-grandfather, John Burton, died at his
home in Indian River hundred. Isaiah Bur-
ton, grandfather of Theodore H. Burton, was
born April 18, 1704, became a farmer of In-
dian River hundred, and at the time of his
death owned large tracts of land. He was
intluential in the hundred, and represented
his district in the State Legislature. Isaiah
Burton was married February 20, 1791, to
Cornelia, daughter of William Burton, and
granddaughter of Woolsey Burton. She was
born November 17, 1770. The children of
Isaiah and Cornelia (Burton) Burton, are: I.
ilaria, born Feiiruary 15, 1792, married
.losejih Burton, a fanner and ship calker of
Indian Liiver hundred; II. Gideon, bom De-
cember 10, 1793, a sailor, died on board his
vessel, March 0, 1833, had a large family,
i. Alfred, died on board his vessel, ii. Gideon,
a clergyman of the Episcopal church, iii.
Henry, of Philadelphia, Pa., besides several
other children, living in Philadeli>liia; III.
Deborah, born March 15, 1795, married John
Burton, who »as for many years keeper of
the Lireakwater Light house, both died at
Lewes, Del.; IV. Adan C, born September
3, 1797, sailor and fanner, died in Indian
River hundred; V. Lydia, born October 11,
1798, died at the homestead, aged seventy;
VI. Benjamin, bom Jime 18, 1800, served
his ai)pr('nticeship with Mr. Cramp, of Phila-
delphia, Pa., where he died; VII. Cornelia
(Mrs. Azel Dodd), bom June 25, 1802, died
November 10, 1835; VIIT. Elhanan, a sea
captain, born September 17, 1804, was buried
at sea in 1841; IX. Patience, born Novem-
ber 0, 1800, died September 9, 1807; X.
John, born February 24, 1809, died in March,

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73G

BIOGRA PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ISOt); XI. Jame.s F., born Juno 27, 1810;
XI I. Adelaide Jane (Jh-s. Julin West), horn
Aiiiinst 7, ISl-i, Lotli died in Sussex eonnty,
Dei. Isaiali Hurton died .Mareli 1,"-, 1S4(); liis
wife January 5, 18150.

James F. Burton was bora on the liome-
stead in Indian IJiver liundred. lie attended
the public scdiools of the district, situated
five miles from his home, and afterwards spent
eleven months at a school in Cieorgetown,
Del. lie learned fanning, and settled on a
tract of land near St. George's ('hai)el, in
the upper part of Indian River hundred, ilr.
Burton was an honorable, upright man. He
was elected to the State Legislatm-e in 1846,
and discharged his duty so satisfactorily that
lie was re-elected in 1852. ]\Ir. Burton was
a member of the Democratic party. For
several years he was a justice of the peace,
and during the Civil War served as deputy
marshal. James K. Burton was married tu
Charlotte Hill. Their children are: I. Theo-
dore II.; II. Edward J., born Xovcmber 19,
1840, was an orderly sergeant of the Third
Delaware Infantry, and took part in seventeen
battles, married Xaomi Johnson, of England,
who died September 25, 1887. Mr. Burton
and his wife were membei-s of St. George's
Episcopal ( 'luqiel. Jlrs. B\irton died March
10, 1800; j\Ir. Burton died at the homestead,
October 3, 1881.

Theodore II. Burton grew up on the home-
stead in Indian Iviver liundred. He began
working on the fann while he was still a
child, and received his education in tlie dis-
trict scdiools during the short winter tenns.
He remained at liome assisting his father on
the farm, until 18(52, when he enlisted for
nine months as second lieutenant of Company
C, Sixth Delaware Volunteers. Mr. I'lir-
ton was mustered out at "\Vilming-ton, Del.,
in August, 18(53; re-enlisted in Fcbniary,
1864, as second lieutenant Company, F, First
Delaware ( 'avalry. ( 'aptain B. O. Day, and
served until the close of the war. j\Ir. Bur-
ton was a gallant soldier, intelligent and
faithful, and was frequently on duty as a
scout. He took part in many skirmishes, the
company being often sent to the front. He
was mustered out at the Belay House, in
June, 1805. The war being over, Mr. Bur-
ton returned to Susses county, and continued
to assist his father on the homestead until
1878, when he obtained a position in one of

the light houses. He was a guard at Cross
Ledge light, but was promoted to fii-st assis-
tant at Cape Ilculopen, and at his second pro-
motion was made keeper of the Port Mahon
Light, a position which he still holds. .Mr.
Burton is a member of the Bepublican party.
Theodore II. Burton was married February
21, 1872, to Deborah, graudda\ightcr of John
and Deborah Burton, who were the great-
grandparents of Theodore Burton. Their
children are: I. Charles F., mariner, born
Ajn-il 5, 1873; II. ifaria Louisa, born August
15, 1875, married Julian Bacon, a merchant
of Port ]\rahon, Del. ^[i-s. Liurton died June
29, 1877. ]\Ir. Burton's second wife was
Lydia C., daughter of Peter and Mary (Lamb)
Burton, and granddaughter of James and
X^ancy ("Waplcs) Burton. !Mr. Burton and his
family are members of St. George's Episco-
pal Chapel.

JOSHUA ilcGOXIGAL, P. 0. Little
Creek, Kent county, Del., son of Joshua and
Annie (Dreden) McCionigal, was born near
Felton, Del., December 1, 1823.

Mr. IMcGonigal's grandfather, Joshua ]\Ic-
Gonigal, was a native of Ireland. About
1750, Joshua McGonigal and his brother,
Kobert, both young men, emigrated to
America, and workeil their way to Dover,
Del. Bobert ]\[cGonigal removed to -the
south, and it is s\ipposed maiTied there, but
nothing has been heard of him. Joshua !Mc-
(ionigal was married in ])over, Del., to Eliza-
beth Laws, and settled on a part of her estate.
They had two children: I. Joshua; II.
Cicorge, drowned by accident in ilurderkill
Creek. Mr. McGonigal died about 1791; his
wife survived him several years.

Jfr. ]\[c(lonigars father's Joshua McGoni-
gal, \^s born at his father's home, near Dover,
]\Iay 10, 1781. When he was ten yeai-s old,
his father died, and he was ai)prenticed to
jMr. Dooland, a cabinet-maker in Dover. But
Joshua could not be hapi)y, and disliked the
place so much that liis grandfather, Mr. Laws,
took the child back to the fann an<l cared for
him. At this place, now known as the Hevcr-
in farm, Joshua j\rcGonigal learned practii'al
farming, working with his grandfather until
the time of his marriage, when ho began
farming for himself. He cultivated rented
land near ^fagnolia, Felton, and Frederica,
and finallv settled near IMilfonl, never Icav-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

737

ing Kent county, ilr. ilcCionigal was an old
line AVliig'. He was nianied to Annie, daiigli-
ter of Sanuiel and Elizalietii Dreden. Their
children are: I. Samuel D., merchant, born
January 23, 1810, was married Deccndicr
12, 1852, to j\Iis3 Lotland, of Philadelphia,
Pa.; II. liobert, born November 1, lb 12,
marrieil !Miss Slaughter, died June 30, 1S51;
III. Rebecca, deceaseJ, born January 14,
1815, married ]\Iay lli, 183(), to Thomas Post-
les; IV. Isaac, born March 18, 1817, died
June 23, 184C; V. William, of Wilming-
ton, Del., born August 14, 1819, married Hes-
ter Lofland, who is deceased; YI. ilary, born
October 18, 1821, died September 2," 1850;
YII. Joshua; VIII. Thomas, born j\Iay 10,
182(j, died August 17, 183G; IX. John,' born
September 28, 1828, died August 2, 1847;
X. James Lester, born January 17, 1831, died
October 23, 1831. Mr. ilcGonigal belonged
to the il. E. church and was a member of the
congregation at Barrett's Chapel. He died
at his home near !Milford, February 17, 1S39.
Joshua ]\IcOonigal received his education
at Pratt's Branch school house, and at the
public scliool at Frederiea, Pel. At the age
of eighteen he obtained a situation as clerk in
a store in Little Creek Landing, where he re-
mained for eight years. In 1848 ^fr. ]\Ie-
Cionigal began business as a general merchant
at Lebanon, Pa.; but after one year's trial
sold the business Xovember 1, 1849, and re-
moving to Greensboro, Md., opened a store
for the sale of groceries and general mer-
chandise. Xot content with his success as a
merchant, !Mr. !McGonigal visited Te.xas, in
1859, and bo\ight a large tract of wild land,
intending to settle there. He returned to
Delaware to make arrangements for his re-
moval, when the l>reaking out of the Civil
War altered his plans. In 1800 his store at
Greensboro, was destroyed by fire, and in the
next year, he removed to Dover, Del., and en-
gaged in butchering. In August, 1805, Mr.
!McGonigal sold his l)usiness in Dover, and
removing to Little Creek, bought a property
and ojiened a store. In 1881, he retired from
business, and removed to his present home in
Little Creek. Finding that an inactive life
iinsuiled to his energetic temperament, he re-
turned to Dover, in 1884, and was again for
some years engaged in business. He now re-
sides at his home in Little Creek, where he

occasionally deals in grain, ilr. HcGonigal
wa;s a Whig; he was elected to the State Leg-
islature from Caroline county, Md., and was
several times returned to the legislature on
the ticket of that party. In 1801, at the
breaking out of the Civil War, he identified
himself with the Democratic party. He is
interested in all that concerns the welfare
of the county, and has served on the grand

Joshua ilcGonigal was married by the Rev.
J. A. Rooch, of Philadelphia, Pa., October
20, 1848, to Bculah Stites. Their children
are: I. John R., real estate agent, of Dover,
Del., born in 1851; II. Annie E., deceased,
born r)ecend)er 2, 1853; III. Mary Ida, bora
Novcnd)er 10, 1857, died in early woman-
hoot!; IV. Laura (Mrs. George Spicer), of
Stanton, Del., bora December 29, 1801. Mrs
ilcGonigal died September 18, 1803. 'Mr.
ilcGonigal was married, January 14, 1808,
to Fanny Harrington. Their children are:
I. Beulah (Ihs. Henry Wright); II. Heniy,
married Lilian Tori)urton; III. Howard, at
home.

HARRY RICKARDS, Leipsic, Kent
county, Del., son of Charles P. and Sarah
(Bearman) Rickards, was born in West Dover
liundred, Kent county, Del., December 0,
1807.

His great-gTand]-)arents were born in Eng-
land and came to America about the begin-
ning of the present century. With them was
their son, Charles, then twelve or thirteen
years old. With his parents he settled near
Bridgeville, Sussex county, Del., there he as-
sisted his father in tilling a farm. After he
grew older he engage<l in farming on his own
account. He was twice married. His chil-
dren by his first wife were: I. George, went
to Kansas \\Jien a young man; now farming
near Kansas City; II. Elizabeth (IMrs. Roliert
Smith), of near Wichita, Kas.; III. Charles
P.; IV. Jane (IMrs. Asa Walls), of Lewis-
town, Md., deceased; V. James iL, married
and resides in Wilmington, Del.; V. Thad-
deus, of Kennett Square, Pa., deceased; VII.
Ella, died young; VIIT. John, died young.
Charles Rickards died on his farm in Sussex
county, about 1809. Mrs. Rickards resides
near I^ewistown, ]\Id.

Charles P. Rickards, father of Harry Rick-

i.

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738

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

arJs, was born in Sussex county, Del., on his
father's farm. TIk re he spent his youth and
early manhood, and learned carpentry.
Aftenvard he removed to West Dover hun-
dred, and there married. Some time later,
he became engaged in contracting and build-
ing in Dover, Del. Thence he removed to
AVilmington, and not long afterward estab-
lished himself as a carpenter and builder in
Camden, IST. J. From that city he removed
back into Delaware, and purchased a farm
in Little Creek hundred, Kent county. After
cultivating his land for about fourteen years,
he disposed of this property, and rcmove^d to
Cheswold, then to Kenton, and finally to Wil-
mington, where he is now successfully en-
gaged in business as a contractor and builder,
lie belongs to the Republican party. Charles
P. Rickards maiTied Sarah, daughter of
Henry and Annie Bearman, of Kent county.
Their children are: I. IlaiTy; II. John, of
Wilmington, married !Mabel Weldon; HI.
George W., of Wilmington; IV. Anna May;
Y. Sarah B., and VI. Charles, all three at
home. ]\Ir. Rickards is a member of the M.
E. church.

Harry Rickards was a pupil in the pub-
lie schools of different towns, and the high
school of Camden, N. J. He finished his
coui-se in the schools of Little Creek hundred,
Kent county, Del., when he was twenty years
old. He had learned caii>entry from his
father in the intervals between school terms,
and when his attendance at school was ended,
he left home and went to Philadelphia and
Camden, N. J., where he procured employ-
ment at his trade. He remained in these
cities four years, and then married. With
his wife he removed to Wilmington and ob-
tained a position in the P., W. & B. R. R.
Co.'s car building shops. While there, he met
with a serious accident, which changed the
course of his life. He was foreman of car
inspectors and was one day attending to some
trifling duty, when he wa.s knocked over by a
car. He fell on the track and the wheels of
the heavy traffic-carrier passed over his left
leg, mangling it to such an extent that ampu-
tation was necessary. In the summer of 1891,
he removed to Leipsic, and there, in quiet
seclusion from all annoyances, he regained
health and .strenglh. In 1893, Mr. Rickards
began dealing- in live stock, poultry, jihus-
pliate, etc. In this undertaking he has liecn

very successful, being well qualified for busi-
ness, energetic and honorable. He has the
respect and confidence of everybody who
knows hiui. He has been a Dcmocrutic i-cg-
i.-trar fur Little Creek hundred, and has
twice been a member of the county com-
mittee. He is an earnest Democrat, always
tp be found doing effective work for his
party.

On January 15, 1891, Harry Rickards was
married, in Kenton, Del., to Mary H., daugh-
ter of John W. and Alida (Keith) Smith,
of the vicinity of Leipsic. They have chil-
dren: I. Mary II.; IL Han-y W.; HI.
Ethel May.

ABRAHAM MOOR, Leii>sic, Del, son of
Abraham and Nancy (Hopkins) lMix>r, was
born in Little Creek hundred, Kent county,
Del., May 28, 1823.

The iloor ancestors came from Ireland and
settled in Delaware many years ago. Abra-
ham !Moor was bora in Little Creek hundred
in 1782. He was a fanner all his life, and
early became a landowner. The first farm
he acquired was the old Hopkins estate, which
formerly had been the property of Colonel
Robert Hopkins, a veteran of the AVar of
1812. Colonel Hopkins died on this fann.
ilr. Moot was an old line Whig and was in-
fluential in his party. He was elected to a
number of local offices but never aspired to
any higher positions. Abraham Moor was
twice man-ied. His first wife was Susan,
daughter of Robert and Nancy Hopkins, of
Little Creek hundred. They had children:
I. Robert II., man-ied Rebecca Naudain, died
in Philadelphia, where he was engaged in
business; II. Ann (Mrs. Joab F. Fox), died
in Little Creek hundred; III. Elizabeth (Mi-s.
LJavid Pleasanton), of Little Creek hundred,
was fiJst married to Stanton ^lorris. Upon the
death of I\Ii-s. Susan IMoor her husband mar-
ried her sister, Nancy Hopkins, who was born
in the old Hopkins estate. Their children
were: I. James S., manied Anna Sharp, set-
tled in Little Creek hundred and in ^toor-
town (now Cheswold), which was named for
him, now retired in Dover; IL Aiirahau),
2; III. Henry IL, married Rachel Ennis, is
a farmer in New Castle county, Del.; IV.
Lydia (ili-s. Timothy C'arrow), of Kenton,
Del., widow; V. Samuel, married ifargaret
Rash, died on his farm in Little Creek lum-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

7ao

drcd; VI. Joseph S., married Mary J. Fox,
resides on State street, Dover; VII. Einily,
deceased. ]\[r. Moor died on his fanii near
Lcipsic in 18UG, aged eighty-four years; Mrs.
Moor died in 188G; in Smyrna, Del., at tiie
home of lier daugliter, ]\Ii-s. Timotliy C'arrow,
witli whom she resided after her husband's
death. -She was aged ninety-one yeai-s. ilr.
and ]\[rs. iToor were menibei-s of the !M. E. and
Presbyterian churches. Abraham ^loor, Sr.,
had a brother, John IMoor, who went to Ken-
tucky early in tlie present cent\iry and set-
tled there; nothing has been heard of him
lately.

Abraham Moor, 2, was born on his father's
farm two and a half miles from Leipsie. He
attended the free schools and had excellent
opportunities for obtaining a good education.
These he took advantage of during the winter
months; during the summer his experience
was that of most fannci-s' boys, that of active
and healthful outdoor labor. When he was
eighteen yeai-s old, he completed his studies
at scliool, and afterward, for five yeai-s, as-
sisted his father in cidtivating his land. In
184G he undertook the management of a farm,
adjoining his home, owned by his father. For
a year he resided there alone and then re-
moved to another farm for a year. After his
marriage in 1847, he leased a fann a short
distance from his father's [jroperty and con-
tinued there two years. He then went to New
("astle coimty, where he remained one year;
then renu)V(<l to the neighborhood of Leipsie,
and resided there one year; and after that,
dwelt for eight yeai-s in the town of Leipsie.
Tketurniug to New Castle county, !Mr. Moor
lived there two yeai-s; was next on a farm near
Leipsie for three yeai-s. After the death of
his father, he lived on the homestead for three
years; he then purchased the adjoining fann,
and remained there imtil January, 1890, when
he removed to Dover, and resided there four
years. INFr. Moor has been an active citizen
and an industrious farmer. His own efforts
have placed him in the honored position and
conditiciu i>f atHucnco he now enjoys. Politi-
cally be has been influential. He was for-
merly a AVhig, and was elected a tax collector.
When the colored people were freed, and the
men given the privilege of the ballot, he al-
lied himself with the Democratic party. He
has been a valued counsellor in that organi-
zation and an ardent assistant in its cam]);iiL;ii-i.

He served in the State Legislature to which
he was elected on tiie Democratic ticket, dur-
ing the term of 1881.

On Decemljcr 15, 1847, Abraham Moor,
2, was man'ied to Sarah A., daughter of Ben-
jamin and .Mary A. ( Huckinghani) Husbands,
of Little Creek hundred. Their children are:
I. Charles M., accidently drowned in the creek
at the age of eight yeai-s; II. Gorilla (Mrs.
Cutteji Laws), widow, has one son, Outten A.;
III. Eenjamii". II., farmer, near Dover, mar-
ried Margaret Farrow, has children, i. Elsie,
ii. Benjamin H. Jr., iii. Charles Abraham,
iv. Homer, v. Ida A.; IV. Albert S., mer-
chant, of Leipsie, married Ida Sutherland;
V. William F., merchant, married Ella
]\[elvin, deceased, has one child, Ella
ilelvin; VI. Anna, keeps house for her
brother, William F. ; VII. Clara, Brooklyn,
N. Y.; VIIL Mary (Mrs. John W. Harper),
widow, has one child, Clara if. ; IX. Laura,
died when two years old; X. Jennie, at home.
^Irs. Moor died in Dover, September 26,
1805. She was a lovable Christian woman,
a member of the ^I. E. church. Mr. ]\Ioor
is a communicant of the same church.

Albert S. Moor, Leipsie, Del., of the firm
of A. S. Aloor & Bro., son of Abraham and
Sarah A. Moor, was born in Leipsie, Febru-
ary 18, 1854; Avas educated in the district
schools and afterwards became a clerk in
the store of Thomas Ivirkley at Leipsie, was
subsequently with Edward Reynolds, of
Dover, and later with J. W. Fennimore, of
Leipsie. In 1883, he engaged in Inisiness for
himself at his present stand in Leipsie, and
on January 1, 1884, admitteil his brother,
AVilliam F., as a partner; the business has
been conducted by them under present firm
name since that date. Mi*. A. S. Moor has
served as inspector of elections, but is not an
aspirant to office. Albert S. Moor was mar-
ried at Lcii^ic, January 1, 1884, to Ida
Sutherland, daughter of John M. and !Mai'ga-
ret Sutherland, of Leipsie. ]\Ir. and J\lrs.
A. S. iloor are membci-s of the M. E. church,
in which ]\Ir. ]\loor has filled the office of
trustee.

William F. !Moor, was born in Leijisie,
April IS, 185G, was educated in the common
srhdiils, and hel|)cd on the homestead farm
until January, 1884, at which date he became
a partner i.n the business now conducted by
him and his brcjther, Albert S. AVilliam F.

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740

BIOGn.l PIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

!Moor was married in Philadelpliia, ^March
2li, 1«;)0, tu Ella .Molvin, who died April 11,
1S91. They had one child, Ella Melvin, horn
A])ril 11, iS91. Mr. Moor attends tiie il.
E. L-luuvh.

JOHN P. M. DENNEY^ deceased, son of
James and Jfatilda nenncy, was horn in Cam-
den, Del, Septeniher 21, IS 12. (For his-
tory of John P. M. Denney's ancestors see
sketch of Isaac if. Denney).

"When John P. .M. Denney was twelve
years old his parent.^ removed to a farm at
Denney's Corner, Kent county, Del. There
he was ed\icated in the puhlic schools and
trained to farming pursuits. When a young
man, he left home and leased different farms
until his first marriage, when he became a
landowner. He was an industrious man, re-
sjieeted for his intelligence and kindly de-
meanor and influential among his fellows. In
his latter days he resided on a fann of 7G
acres near Leipsic, which he had p\irchaaed
in 18S0 from Sanniel Ilargadine. In his ])o-
litieal faith ^Ir. Denney was a Demoerat; he
was a stanch upholder of his party and its
platforms.

ilr. Denney was twice married. His first
wife was Anna Pratt, of Kent county, Del.
Their only living child is Alice P. (ilrs.
Joseph P. I^Ioore). Mr. Moore is a farmer
in l\ent county. ^Irs. Anna Denney died on
a fann near Denney's Corners. On October
1, 1871, John P. ]\[. Denney married Fannie,
daughter of William and Celia (Foxwell)
Berry. Hiss Fannie Berry was boni on a
farm near Dover, ^Marcli 31^ 1841, and was
first married to Dr. Hudson C. Yates, of Jilid-
dletown, Del. ]\Ir. Denney died July 15,
1890, on his fann near Leipsic, aged seventy-
seven years. He was a consistent member of
the ^L E. church.

Dr. Hudson C. Yates was a member of an
old and prominent Delaware family. He was
educated in ]\[iddletown, Del., and w^as grad-
uate in medicine, but on account of ill health
never practiced. He married Fannie Berry
in 18(12, and in 18(14 settled in Decatur, 111.
There he died in 1SC8, at the age of twenty-
seven years, and his widow returned to Dela-
ware.

JOIIX L. S:\rTTH, P. O. Leipsic, Del., son
of Jo.-eiih J. and Eliza fLcCuiinte) Smith,

was born in West Dover hundred, Kent coim-
ty, Del., July 7, 182(1.

The Smith family was among the earliest to
e.staiilish a home in Delaware; its first rep-
rcsentati\'es here came from England. Lem-
uel Smith, great-grandfather of John L.
Smith, was a resident of West Dover hundred
long before the Kevolutionary War, jind died
in that hundred. One of his children was
John Smith, lie wa.- l»irn in West Dover and
reared there as a farmer. After his mar-
riage, he leased a tract of land in West Dover,
and later ptn-chased a farm two miles from
Hazletville. This farm is now owned _ by
Da^id Marvel. John Smith married Ellen
Jones, of Kent county, Del. They had chil-
dren: I. David, married Xancy Kash, and
after her death, Sophia Slaughter, died near
Frederica, Kent county, Del.; II. Joseph J.
John Smith died on his fann near llazlet-
\ille about 18;i(l, at the age of seventy; his
widow lived to be eighty-four years old; she
died on the homestead farm. Mi-s. Smith was
fourteen years old when the Kevolutionary
War began. One of her brothers, Stanford
Jones, enlisted in the Continental army, and
was killed in battle. He was still a young
man at the time of his death.

Joseph J. Smith, father of John L. Smith,
Avas boni near Hazletville, West Dover hun-
dred, in 1S04. The customary life of the
fanner's boy was his. He worked on the farm
and used the sjjare moments for obtaining an
education. But, as he was kept employed
almost constantly in the tilling of the soil and
as the schools were jwor and far from his
li(jme, his o])portunitics for ac(iuiring knowl-
edge from books were very limited. After
]\Ir. Smith had married, he went to live upon
his father's fann. Later, he inherited this
tract, and sold it to David Marvel, his son-
in-law. Then he purchased a small home at
!Mt. ilgsin, near Willow Crove, and after his
wife's death, removed to the farm of his son,
John L. Smith, and made his home there. He
was a man of excellent qualities, and influen-
tial in the community. He was a Demoerat.
Jdsepli .1. Smith married Eliza, dau-li-
ter of James LeCounte. jMrs. Smith was
born in Kent county. They had children:
I. John L.; IT. wSarah (^^Irs. David ]\[arvelV,
TIL Eleanor ("Mrs. Philip Marvel); IV.
Louisa (Mrs. Avery Marvel), of the neighbor-
hood of [Magnolia- V. Joscidi, of Fredt-riea,

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STATE OF DELAWARE

741

Del., married Sarah Cook; VI. Henry, of
Little Cret'k hundred, manied Florii Fox,
and afterward, Ella Moore; VII. ilartlia
(ili-s. Craii;- Sniith), of Md. Mrs. Siuitli's
parents moved to the West after their daugh-
ter's marriage, and died there. The marriages
of Mr. Smitii's daughters have more than the
ordinary romance attached to them. The eld-
est daui^hter, Sarah, was married to,J)avid
^larvcl. Then Piiilip Marvel, father of
David, wooed and won Mr. Smith's second
daughter, Eleanor, and tlie younger thus he-
came a step mother-in-law of the eldest sister.
The third daughter's husband, Aveiy ^ilarvcl,
i; a sun of Piiilip Marvel. The fourtii daugh-
ter, Martha, married Craig Smith, hut he
was not a relative of the family. Joseph J.
Smith died at the home of his son, John L.
Sniith, about 1868. ilrs. Smith died near
Willow (irove in the "sixties." Mr. Smith
was a member of the il. E. church.

Jolin L. Smith was born on the old home-
stead in West Dover hundred. He attended
the public sciiool, three niile.s from his home,
during the winter months, and when not in
school worked on the farm. As soon as he
was strong enough to liandle a hoe, his period
of service in the cultivation of tiie land be-
gan, and continued, under his father's direc-
tions \intil ho was twenty-three yeai-s old.
Then he married, and managed a farm for
his father in West Dover hundred for twenty
yeai-s. In 1870, he removed to the lujbert
B. Jumj) farm, and has since resided there.
He raises general farm produce and live
stock; is a hard working husbandman, a good
neighbor and an honorable man. Politically,
lie is of the Democratic household.

In LS.">(l, John L. Smith married Hannah,
daughter of Thomas and Susan (Stubbs)
Downham. Mi-s. Smith was bora near what
is now Felton, Kent county, Del. ilr. and
!Mrs. Smith have children: I. Anna (Mrs.
Charles Accord), of Philadelphia; II. Emily
(ilrs. James Morris), of Little Creek Land-
ing, Del. ; III. Charles, farmer, of St. Jones'
Xeck, married Eliza Talbot; IV. ]\Iargaret,
of Phihidelphia, a dressmaker; V. Sarah
(Mrs. John Farrow), of near Lebanon, Del.;
VI. .bdin 1)., of Philadelphia; VII. Walter,
merchant, of Philadelphia; VIII. James, of
Leipsic; married Nora Lawson; IX. Elwood
A., of Philadelphia.

ISAAC M. DKNXEY, P. 0. Leipsic,
Kent county, Del., son of James and ]\[atilda
(-Marshall) Deiiiiey, was b(mi on the Kaugli-
lin farm in East Dover hundivd, in March,
162S.

For many years the Deiiney family has not
lacked representatives among the land owners
of Kent county, Del. Thomas Denney,
grandfather of Isaac il. Denney, a prosperous
and intiuential farmer, owned several exten-
sive farms at Deuney's Corners. He had one
brother, Philip, who also owned land near
Denney's Corners. Thomas Denney was mar-
rii'cl twice; his first wife was .lane (.McCle-
nieiit) Torbert, widow of William Torbert.
Their children are: 1. James; II. John, mar-
ried jMary Ennis, died near Dover, Del.; HI.
Harriet (ilrs. William Bishop), died at
Bishop's (,'ornei-s; IV. ilary (ilrs. AVilliam
Koss), died at Elkton, ]\Id. Mr. Denney died
at his farm near Bethel Church, Kent county,
Del.

Mr. Denney's father, James Denney, was
horn at Denney's Cornei-s, Kent county, Del.
For some time, ^Ir. Denney and his brother,
John Denney, were jiartners in the firm of
Denney Brothers, Camden, Del. Mr. Denney
afterwards abandoned niercautile pursuits, and
turned his attention to the cultivation of the
soil. For several yeai-s, he rented a farm be-
longing to his father-in-law, LIr. ilarshall,
situatcil near Snow Hill, Md. After his
father's death, ilr. Denney removed to Den-
ney's Corners, to a farm which was a part
ot his inheritance. -Mr. Deiniey was a Whig,
actively interested in the aiTairs of the county.
He was a good citizen, highly esteemed in tlie
community. James Denney was married to
ilatildu Marshall. They have one child,
Isaac. Mr. Denney and his wife were mem-
bers of the M. E. church. He died at his
home in Kent county, in 1845, aged fifty-six;
his widow died some years later.

Isaac Denny was a child when his parents
removed to ^laiyland. He wils educated in
the old school house at Laws Jlills, four and
a half miles from his home. The old house
was roughly built, imperfectly heated by an
old fashioned ten plate stove, and furnished
with king jiine benches. At times the
teachers were very strict, and made free use
of the birch in lieliung tlioir scholars onward.
The session lasted all day, and Isaac bravely
trudged the whole distance, mornings and

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742

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

evenings. "When lie was eight years old ho
began working with his father on the farm.
After his father'ri dcatii, wiiich oceiirred when
he was seventeen, he assumed the entire inan-
agment of the farm, eultivating i( in ins
mother's interest until lie attained his ma-
jority. In 1850, Mr Denney began fanning
for himself on rented land. ITe spent two
years on a place near Leipsic, Del., and eigh-
teen years on another farm in the neighbor-
hood. In 1870 he purchased, from Mrs.
York, his present home, a farm of 170 acres
of arable land, situated in Little Creek hun-
dred. Mr. Denney is a kind friend and a
good neighbor, genial and fond of domestic
pleasures. lie is also an able business man,
industrious and thrifty, and although he has
passed the three score yeai-s and ten, is still
able to do a full day's work. ^[r. Denney
is a Democrat, interested in local affairs, but
has never been willing to accept office.

Isaac M. Denney was married in 1849, to
Sarah Taylor. Their children are: I. Emma
(Mi-s. Draper Voshell), of Wilmington, Del.;
II. Elizal)eth (ilrs. lleni-y Harper), of Little
Creek hundred; III. James, married Lydia
Harper; IV. Henry, married !Mary Conway,
both deceased, ilr. Denney and his wife are
members of the ^I. V. church.

BENJAMIN F. HAMM, P. O. Dover,
Del., son of Dr. Benjamin F. and Ann (Plea-
santon) Ilamm, was born in Camden, Del.,
on October 15, 1815.

I'he Hamm family is of German ancestry.
In the Fatherland the name was spelled Heu-
richam. ]\Iembers of tlie family came to
America early in colonial times, and after re-
siding temporarily in various places, settled
permanently in Delaware, taking up land be-
tween DoA'cr and Leipsic. This tract re-
mained in possession of the family for many
generations, but is now owned by Air. Smick,
of Philadelphia.

John Hamm, grandfather of Benjamin F.
Hamm, 3, lived on the ancestral acres and
cultivated their productive soil. He married
Susanna Stout. They Iiad children: I. John,
2; II. Charles; III. Alexander; IV. Benja-
min F. ; V. Susanna; VI. Lorena; VII.
Alargaret ; VIII. Alary ; now all deceased, ilr.
Hamm died on his farm.

John Hamm, 2, went to Zanesville, Ohio,
when a young man, and became celebrated.

Ho was appointed Charge d'Affairs in Cliili
by President Jackson. He married, in Zanes-
ville, Saruii, daughter of Cieneral John Van
Horn. Mr. Ilamm died in Zanesville.
Charles Ilanun occupied the homestead with
his mother after his father's death. He nuir-
ricd J\Iiss Buckmaster, oi Frederica, Del.
Alexander Hamm read law in Dover under
Attorney I\idgely, and when he had complet-
ed his studies went to New Orleans, La., and
pi'acticed his profession in that populous city.
He was stricken with yellow fever there and
died. He was immarried. Alary Hamm mar-
ried Mr. Keith, and died on a fann in Kent
county. She had one child, John II. Keith,
who went Zanesville, Ohio, and lived with
his uncle. He became a noted attorney-at-
law, and when he removed to Chillicothe at
a latter period, was made presiding judge over
the courts of that district.

Dr. Benjamin F. Hamm was born on the
mansion farm about 1701. He was well-
educated, having attended a select school at
Dover, and the Newark Academy. He read
medicine in Smyrna with Dr. Bidgely, and
after graduation, began the practice of his
profession in Camden, Del. AVhile playing
ball one day he met with an accident by
which his thumb was broken; lockjaw result-
ed, and caused his death. Dr. Hamm mar-
ried Ann, daughter of John and Sus;inna
(Stevens) Pleasanton, of Little Creek hun-
dred. They had children: I. Pleasanton; II.
Susan (Mi-s. Hiram AV, AlcCauley), of Mil-
ford, Del., deceased; III. Benjamin F., 2. Dr.
Hamm died in Camden in 1815. Pleasan-
ton Hamm, elder sun of Dr. B. F. and ,Vnn
(Pleasanton) Hamm, went to Wilmington
when he was fifteen years old, and leai-ned
printing in the office of the Delaware Gazette,
afterward estal>lished the Camden Mail at
Camden, N. J., a weekly paper, which he pub-
lished for several years. Pielinquishing the
newspa^r business he returned to Delaware
and engaged in fanning at Cowgill's Corner.
He conducted, also, a general merchandise
store at that place. Pleasanton Hamm mar-
ried Abigail Sickles, of Camden, N. J. They
had one child, Laura, wife of William F.
Talbott, of the vicinity of Dover. Airs. Abi-
gail Hamm died, and Air. Hamm manned
Sarah Porter, of Alilford, Del. Their chil-
dren are: T. Pleasanton, Jr.; IT. Elizabeth
(.Mrs. Frank AI. Brown), of Philadelphia; Air.

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STATE OF DELAWAEE

743

Erown is a prominent attorney in that city.
Pieasanton Ifauun died about 1890 at Cow-
gill's Corner.

After the death of Dr. Benjamin F. Ilamm
his widdw married Colonel George Cuhbago,
an offieer in the TJ. S. Navy. Their children
are: I. George, went west when a young man
and is now a farmer in Iowa; 11. Eliza P.
(Mi-s. Rplicrt ir. Clark), of Milford, Del.;
^^'idow. ( 'olonel Cuhbage is deceased; Init his
wife survived him until 1.S7(k

l^enjamiu F. Ilamm, Jr., passed his ft;-st
days in Camden. lie never saw his father,'
that worthy gentleman and able physician
having died from lock-jaw (as above narrated)
before his sou's birth. Soon after his father's
death, his mother removed with her children
from Camden to Dover, where she resided for
a short time. After her marriage with (Colo-
nel Cubbage, she removed to a farm near
Cowgills Corner, where Benjamin F. Ilamm
began his school days. His first lessons were
recited in a Friends' meeting-house which
stood aboiit a mile from Little Creek. This
building was used for school purposes on week
days, except during a portion of Thursday.
On that day the members of the Society of
Friends met there for prayer seiwice, and
while they were engaged at their devotions
the pujuls were disnussed and received per-
mission to play about the school building and
in the grove near by. Young Ilamm attend-
ed this school in the winter. During the sum-
mer he worked on the farm for his step-father.
The relations between the two, however, were
not entirely cordial and one day when the lad
had l>een punished by Colonel Cubbage, he
ran away. He was ten years of age, and bent
Ids steps toward the residence of his grand-
father, John Pieasanton, on the old Stevens
property, now owned by Mr. Hamm. There
the boy found a home, and on the death of
his grandfather, he assumed the management
(if the farm and has remained there ever
since. Mr. Hamm iS one of the most honor-
ed men in his hundred. Intelligent, well-
educated, generous, full of helpful actions and
kind words, he has a friend in evervlxKly wlio
knows him. He is in his eighty-third year,
but is still vigorous, mentally and physically.
He is a stanch Democrat, and was elected to
the State Legislature for one term.

Benjamin F. Hauun nuuried, September
24, 1SG8, Ann Eliza, daughter of Isaac Car-

penter, of Milford, Del. They have three
children: L Elizabeth C; IE I'lenry S.; IIL
Frank. All are at home. Mr. Hamm is a
mendjcr of the M. P. church of Lcipsic.

CHAPLES P. VAUGHN, P. O. Cow-
gill, Kent county, Del., son of Joseph B. and
Jane (Lewis) \'aughn, was bom near George-
town, Sussex county, Del., February 5, 1^28.
Among the fu-st Englishmen to begin the
cultivation of land in Delaware were mem-
licrs of the Vaughn family. They settled in
Sussex county, and became prominent among
the people of that part of the state. Charles
^'aughn, grandfather of Charles P. Vaughn,
was born in Sussex county before the Pevo-
lutionary War. He was a farmer. His wife
was Penelope AVaples; they had children: I.
Nathaniel; II. Levin; III. Joseph B. Mrs.
Vaughn died and Mr. Vaughn married
secondly Tabitha Nichols, their children
were: I. Charlotte; 11. Elizabeth; III.
Jane; IV. Charles, 2, died in Sussex county,
ilr. Vaughn died in Warwick, Sussex county.
Joseph B. Vaughn was born near Wanvick,
Sussex county, October 7, 1797. He l^ecame
a stage driver in early life, and continued in
this oc-cupation for many years. Afterward
he obtained a clerkship in a store at Warwick,
and still later engaged in farming. Upon the
death of his mother he fell heir to a tract of
land of 450 acres near Georgetown. His moth-
er left an estate of 900 acres which wa.s divided
between Joseph B. and his brother Nathaniel.
Both tracts have been sold out of the family.
Joseph B. Vaughn was a Democrat; he was
elected recorder of deeds, and to several minor
offices in his district. Joseph B. Vaughn mar-
ried Jane, daughter of Jesse and Jane (Hall)
Lewis, of the vicinity of Cool Springs, Sussex
county. They had children: I. Mary, died
young; II. Jane, died young; III. Nancy D.
(]\Irs. Edward P. McCauley), of Dover; IV.
Charles P.; V. William, cai-penter, of Wash-
ington, D. C.jVnarried Eliza Ann Hart; VI.
Arcada (Mrs. James B. Coflin); Mr. and
]\lrs. CuHiu died and were buried in Wilming-
ton; VJI. Ellen, died young; ILL John
Peter, died young. Joseph B. Vaughn died
on his farm in November, 1S63. ]Ie was a
member of the Baptist church, and took an
active jiart in the work of his congregation.
?.lrs. Vaughn belonged to the ]\I. E. cliurch.
Charles P. Vaiishn was born on his

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744

BIOORAPHIOAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

father's farm, whore he spent his youth. Ilia
education was limited. The patenial acres
were many, and the lad was required to de-
vote mucli time to their cultivation, so that
he sjxMit but few houre in the school room,
and those only when rough weather prevented
work on the farm. After he was fifteen years
old, nearly all his time was occu[iied with
farm duties and this condition continued un-
til he was twenty-four, and manned. After
his marriage, he rented a tract of land from
his brother. On a portion of the old mansion
farm, he built a home for his family, and re-
mained there until 1805, when he removed
to Hidden X Roads for a year. Afterward he
resided for four years on Iliram W. !McCau-
ley's farm near iMilford, and then for four-
teen years lived on another of ilr. llcCau-
ley's farais, in Little Creek hundred. Mrs.
Vaughn became ill on this fanu, and was
taken to the home of her son, Joseph B.
Vaughn, where she died. Mr. Vaughn re-
mained an inmate of her son's houie for a
short time, and then married again. Ilis wife
died a few months after her marriage, and
^Ir. \'auglm went to Cowgill's Corner, where
he engaged in mercantile pursuits. In 18SS
he nuirried his third wife. With the excep-
tion of a year spent in Dover Mr. and Mrs.
\'aughn have lived at Cowgill's Corner since
their marriage. Mr. Vaughn was postmaster
under President Cleveland, during that chief
executive's tirst term, for three years. lie was
succeeded in liis office by his son, Charles R.
Vaughn, 2. lie was a Democrat.

On December 23, 1852, Charles R.Vaughn
married Sarah Ann, daughter of Sheriff James
and Ann (Walton) Steel. Their son is Wil-
liam L. Vaughn, M. D., of Leipsic. ilrs.
Sarah A. Vaughn died in ISSO. In 1884 Mr.
Vaughn married Nettie Jones, widow of
James Jones; she died several months after-
ward. In 1888 lie married Caroline A.,
daughter of Josejih T. and ilary (Cameron)
Osborne, and widciw of William F. Waller.

William L. Vaughn, il. D., son of Charles
R. Vaughn, was l)orn near Milford, Sussex
county, Del., April 12, 1867. lie attended
the public schools until he was sixteen years
old, working at the same time on the farm.
Then he entered Conference Academy,
Dover, and was graduated there two years
later. For four years he taught school in Sus-
sex and Kent coimties, meanwhile reading

medicine. In the fall of 1889 he entered the
Hahnemann College of iledicine, I'hiladel-
phia, and received his diploma in the si)riiig
of 1SU2. He immediately began the prac-
tice of his profession in Rerks county, I'a.,
and after two yeai-s removed to Ix-ipsic, Del.,
M'here he is now a ])opular physician, in good
practice. Dr. Vaughn is a Democrat of firm
convictions.

Joseph T. Osborne, father of Mrs. Charles
R. Vaughn, was born in Baltimore, of Scotch
parentage. He grew up in that city; at the
age of nineteen he went to Milford, Del., and
learned cooperage with John Tucker. 'I'liis
trade he followed until his marriage. Then he
established a coojjer shop at iliddleford, Del.,
and for a quarter of a century conducted
business there very successfully. He then
removed to ^lillsborough, Sui^sc.x county,
Del., where he made barrels for George W.
Herring. Being taken ill there, Mr. Osborne
was removed to the home of his daughter,
Mrs. Thomas B. Spicer, of Seaford, where
ho died. Joseph T. Osborn married ]\fary
(.'anieron, and had children: I. Susan (ilrs.
William Rawlins), of Middleford, Del.; II.
Catherine (Mi-s. John Wooden), of Sussex
county, Del.; III. Annie (^Irs. Thomas B.
Spicer), of Dover; W. Caroline A. (^frs.
Charles R.\^iughn),(if ('<jwgiirs Corner, born
near Middleford, in 1844; 'V. Joseph T., 2,
of Laurel, Del.; five children are dead. Mr.
Osborne died in 18G5, aged sixty-two years;
]\Ii-s. Osborne died in 1858, at ifillsborough.
They were members of the ^L E. church.
Alexander Cameron, the maternal grand-
father of ilrs. A'aughn, was born in Scotland.
After coming to America he taught school
for many years, chiefly in Delaware. He mar-
ried ]\Iiss ^lurphy.

CHARLES F. HARPER, P. O. Leipsic,
Del., son of Andrew and Annie (Keith) Har-
per, was born in Little Creek hundred, Kent
county, Del., October G,' 1837.

His grandfather, Charles Harper, was a
farmer and lived in Kent county, Del. lie
was a man of prominence and an active Whig
politician. He nuu-ried Rachel Barber, and
had children: I. Francis, married Lydia Pal-
mer, lived on a fann near Leipsic, served at
least one tenn as a member of the State Legis-
lature; IL Andrew; III. Charles, 2, married
Martha Ilardcastle, settled in Leipsic and en-

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^'K

STATE OF DELAWARE

(47

gaged in mercantile pni-snits. Charles Har-
per died on his farm near Duver. His widow
survived him several years.

Andrew Harper was Lorn May 1, 1811, on
his father's farm near J.eip,-ic. This farm is
now owned l\y J. K. Nicliolson and is c-alled
the "Wiieel of Fortune" farm. There young
Harper jiasscd his youthful years. He was
very desirous of obtainiiig a thorough eduea-
tion, and permitted no opportunities for ad-
ding to Ids store of knowledge to go unim-
proved. After attending the public schools,
he completed his school course at the Dover
Academy. Iletnrning home, he took up for
a while the routine of farm life, but soon ob-
tained a position as clerk in a store. Tlicn he
married, and established his household on his
farm, now owned by his son, Charles F. For
five years, he was engaged in mercantile pur-
suits in Leipsic, after which he again resided
on the farm and gave it his personal
attention. For the last twenty years
before his death he lived retired. -Mr.
Ilarjier was a an able man, and was
chosen Levy Court commissioner fur one
term. He was an inflexible llepublican. An-
drew Harper married Anine, daughter of AVil-
liam and Flizabeth (Collins) Keith, of Kent
county, Del. They had children: I.William,
died young; II. Charles F. ; HI. ilary Fliza-
beth, dietl young; I\'. ilary Annie, died
young; Y. Henry, farmer, near Leipsic; YI.
Lydia (llrs. James Denny), resides near Leip-
sic. Andrew Harper died March 12, 1892;
Mrs. Harjier died about 18bG.

Charles F. Harper was born on the farm he
now owns, and was reared a farmer. Until
he was al«jut seventeen years old, he attended
the Leipsic public schools, doing, meanwhile,
a portion of the work on his father's farm.
He remained at home until his marriage.
Then he enlisted in Company F, Sixth Kegi-
ment, Delaware Yolunteer Infantry, or home
guards, for six months, and was stationed at
I3ru.sh Kiver when General Lee threatened
the state of Delaware. He afterwards resumed
farnnng, and has continued in that occu-
patitm. He is a progressive citizen and held
in much esteem in his community. He is a
rrohibitionist, but was formerly a Whig.

Charles F. Harper was married, on April

23, 1801, to Margaret F., daughter of John

and IMary (York) Ware, of Dover hundred.

Their children are: I. John W., marrieil ifary

42

iloor, of Little Creek hundred, had one child,
("lara; he died at the age of thirty-four; II.
Annie (^Irs. John Wright), of Kenton hun-
dred, whose husband is a Methodist Protestant
miiuster of Delaware; III. AViiliani, married
Susan Taylor, now deceased; IV. Susan (Mi-s.
David Doice), of Cheswold, Del. ili-s. Mar-
garet F. Harper died in 1870. On April 23,
1872, Charles F. Harper married Mary,
daughter of Samuel and Kliza (Stewart) York,
of Little Creek hundred. Their children are:
I. ilargaret (ilrs. James Laiferty), of Little
('reek hundred, has three children; II. Slary
Eliza (Mrs. John Slaughter), of Little Creek
hundred; III. Jennie, at home; lY. Xora
Y., at home; Y. Sarah, died when young;
YI. Frank, at home; YII. Ella, at home;
YIII. an infant, died imnamed; IX. Edward
B., at home. ]\Ir. Harper is a member of the
M. F. church, and has held a number of oltices
in his coniireji-ation.

DAYID PLEASAXTO^T, p. 0. Dover,
Del., son of Xathaniel and Harriet (Lewis)
Pleasanton, was born at Fitzliannock, Kent
county, Del., in October, 181G.

His paternal ancestry was Scotch. His
grandfather came to America before the thir-
teen colonics were organized into the United
States, ami settled in Kent county, Del.,
whj're his son, Xathaniel Pleasanton, was
born. X'athaniel was a prosperous farmer;
he was twice married. His first wife was a
daughter of Doctor Lewis, of Sussex county.
They had children: I. Edward, decease<l,
married ^Mary Ann Kirby, and after her
death, Susan Cook, who is still living; II.
Stevens, died young; III. Susan, died young;
lY. David; Y. John, married Lydia Cun-
ningham, resides on David Pleasanton's farm,
Little Creek hundred; YI. Alexander, mar-
ried Mary Kaughley, both deceased; YII.
Harriet (Mrs. Emory Graham), deceased. The
first ^Irs. Pleasanton, who was noted for her
gTcat beauty, die<l about 1817. Nathaniel
Pleasanton man-ied again, his bride being
Sarah Kutlcdgc. Tiieir children are: I.
Samuel, resides near Little Creek Landing,
married Mary Butler; II. !Mary E. (^Irs.

Stewart), widow; III. Hannah (ili'S-

Thomas Y'illis); lY. Stephen, of Dover, mar-
ried Annie Davis; Y. Susan (^[l•s. Lewis
Tomlinson). Nathaniel Pleasanton died in

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74S

BIOGUAPIIWAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

1«4G; his wife died about 18.")!. Tlicy were
lueiiibers of tlic ,\1. K. eliinvli.

David Pleasautun was bum on tlie home-
stead farm, in the old brick liouse which
stood near Jones' iJeacli. Ills fatlier owned
500 acres of land there, wiiich he had ini-
jjroved in various ways. When lie was six
years old, David came with his parents to the
neighborhood of Cowgill's Corner. He was
educated in the public schools, completing his
course of study there when he reached the age
of eighteen. During the summer months, he
assisted in the luinierous farm duties, and was
a sturdy farm laborer, as well as an intelli-
gent scholar. At eighteen, he went from
home and obtained employment as a farm
"hand" from different pro[irietoi-s. Among
other employers was John D. Tlundow, of
near Chester, Pa. There ^Ir. rieasauton re-
mained two yeai-s and soon afterward went
back to his native state, and began farming on
his own account, leasing a tract of land in Lit-
tle Creek hundred. In 18-13 he was married
and the next year lived with his wife on a
farm near Willow (J rove. Then lie settled
in Duck Creek hundred, Kent county, where
they lived seven years, and at the end of
this period purchased a farm in the same hun-
dre<l. After a few years he removed to
Smyrna, and resided there for nine years.
I'hen ho came to his present place of resi-
dence, a farm of 250 acrt^ in Little Creek
hundred. This farm was formerly owned
by John Stevens, an ancestor of ilr. Pleasan-
ton. !Mr. Pleasanton ])urchased it from
Charles ilerriam. lie divided the tract in
half, and leased one of the sections to a ten-
ant. In the portion retained for his own oc-
cuijancy there stood a dwelling house built
by John Stevens before the lievolutionary
War. It was picturesque, but was succumb-
ing to the attacks of many seasons, and ^Ir.
Pleasanton in 18l!0 remodeled it and erected
a large addition to it. Mr. Pleasanton is
eighty-two ycai-s of age, bnt active and vigor-
ous, lioth mentally and physically. He is a
n:anof excellent parts, and has always cum-
niauded the respect of his associates bccaiisc
of his uprightness of character and kindly
disjjosition. He has been a Republican for
many years and has served as a Levy Court
Commissioner. lie is a member of the ^f. E.
church.

David Pleasanton married in lsi;3, Eliza-

beth, daughter of Abraham and Su~an (Hop-
kins) Moor, of Little Creek hundred. They
have one child, Henry M., born July 1."), 1.^40,
at Jiaymond's Xeck, J)uck Cri'ek hundred
]ie was educated in the ])ublie schuuls and
afterward atleiuled Slate College, P.ellefunte,
Pa., taking the agricidtiu'al eoursi; there, in
181*1 he nuirried Sarah Philips, lie is a firm
sujijiorter of the doctrines of the Kepublican
party. David Pleasanton reared an adopted
daughter, Kninia, who married William 1 leas-
anton; their children are: 1. Howard, born
Ai)ril 20, LM»1; C.,ra, born June 7, 18'j;J.

^Ii-s. David Ph'asauton is a wnman uf re-
nuirkable character, gentle yet tirm, and of
indomitable energy and love of occuj)ation.
She was born in 1811, in Little Creek hun-
dred. Her father was an extensive land-owner
and had many slaves. For the wearing a|)-
parel of the numerous families of these slaves,
!Mi-s. Pleasanton and her sistei-s were accus-
tomed to spin and weave all the cloth. Mrs.
Pleasanton was jiartieularly expert as a sjun-
ner and hand weaver, and would frequently
£])in fifteen cuts of yarn in a day, in atldition
to helping in other duties on the farm. She is
still strong and healthy, althongh slight of
build, never having weighed as much as one
hundred jxiunds. liut a vast deal of deter-
mination nnide up fur this lack, and besides
discharging the household obligations that
always fall to a wife's lot, she has been an a.s-
sistant to her husband in accumulating his
large proj>erty interests; her valuable aid is
fondly acknowledged by him. She has at
times cooked for twenty-five farm employees
without hel]) from any one, and in the com-
fortable and hajtpy days which she and her
husband now enjoy she takes ]deasure in nar-
rating the sacritices they made for each other,
and in recounting their hapi)y results. She
is a member of the M. V.. church.

JOHN if. HAPIHXCTOX, P. O. Cow-
gill, Kent county, Del., son of James and
IMary Ann (Cartwright) Harrington, was born
near Canulen, Kent count v, Del., August 3,
IS -,2.

^Ir. Harnngti")n's grandfather was Jacob
Harrington, of ifurderkill hundred, Kent
<.unty, Del. He and his wife died on their
farm in that hundred. Janu^s Harrington,
father of John ]\r. Harrington, was boni in
.Murderkill hundred. He was a more child

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• „-''

STATE OF DELAWABE

749

wlien liid ])arents died, but lie found a liome
with liis uncle, Isaac IIaiTinp;tun, on wliose
farm near Cowgill's Corner, James grew nj),
receiving liis education in the public schools
of that district, lie remained witli his uncle
until he reached manhood. Having acquired
a practical knowledge of faiining, and a taste
for (juiet counti-}' life, he began farming for
liimst'lf on land whicii he leased, near (A)w-
gill's Corner. lie afterwards removed to a
farm near Camden, Del., and after cultivating
this land fur many years, finally settled on
the Judge AVales farm in East Dover hun-
dred. Some time aftenvards, Mr. Harring-
ton retired from active farm life, and removed
to Little Creek Landing, lie was a Repub-
lican, actively interested in local politics, and
was at one time the nominee of his party for
sheriff of Kent county, Del. Jaiues Harring-
ton was married to Mary Ann Cartwright,
who, like himself, had been an orphan from
childhood, and had found a home in Kent
comity, Del., with the Hayes family. The
children of James and i\Iary Ann (Cart-
wright) Harrington are: I. Jolm ]\L; II. Wil-
liam, keeper of the light-house at East Point,
X. J., married Susan Anderson, has two chil-
dren, i. James, ii. Walter; III. Ix'onard W.,
sailor. ]\lr. James Ilan-ington and his wMq
were devout membei-s of the ls\. E. church.
!Mr. Harrington die4 at his home in Little
Creek Landing, soon after he retired from
biisiness; his widow died two months later.

John ^I. Hanington received the greater
part of his education in the public schools of
Little Creek Landing. He remained at home,
working with his father on the farm until
he was eighteen. After leaving home, ^Ir.
Ilarringon spent seven yeai"s as a sailor on a
vessel l)lying along the coast. In 1875 he
abandoned the water, and turned his attention
to agiiculture. ilr. Harrington is an intelli-
gent, scientitic farmer. He cultivates a farm
of 25G acres, situated in Little Creek hundred,
pacing jiarticular attention to cereals, and
raising abundant crops. He is a member of
the Kepublican party, actively interested in
local affairs, but has never sought i)(>litical
jirefernieiit.

Joseph AI. Harrington was married in 1875,
to Florence Hendrickson, a native of Kent
county, Del. Their children are: I. Annie E. ;
IL Douglass: III. John IL; IV. Ida .M.; V.
diaries ^\.

JA]\IES PRICE LA]\rB, P. O. Leipsic,
Del., son of 'I'honias and Ann (Clicffin) Lamb,
was born near Kenton, Kent county, Del.,
December fl, 1829.

The Lamb family is of Irish descent.
Ceorge Lamb, grandfather of James Price
Land), was born in Delaware, and at an early
period removed to the neighhorliood of iCen-
toii. He wiis for many years engaged in farm-
ing. Cleorge Lamb married .Mary Scotten,
widow of Isaac Puckingham. They had chil-
dren: 1. Thomas, born in 17»(;; II. John,
born in 1800, died unmarried; III. (ieorge,
died young; IV. .Margaret (.Mi-s. Stephen
Howard), died near Dover, Del., and Mr.
Howard went to ^lichigan with his sons and
died there; V. Posanna (Mrs. Matthew
Hazel), lived near Kenton, where her de-
scendants still reside, on the old mansion fann;
yi. Elizabeth, deceased. George Lamb died
near Kenton.

'i'liomas Lamb was boni near Kenton, on
the liuckingham property. His youth and
(■arly manlnxxl were pas,scd there. At the
age of twenty-two he married Sarah Howard,
a widow, who died not long after. i\[r. Lamb's
second wife was Ann ChefTin. After this mar-
riage, he purchased a portion of the Clieffin
estate, near Plackistoii Cross Roads, where
ho remained, cultivating its rich soil, until
1S7;L Thomas and Ann (Clicffin) Lamb had
these children: I. James Price; II. ilar-
garct (ifrs. Thomas J. F. Smith); IMrs. Smith
and her husband died in AVilminglon; III.
Rebecca (.Mr*. John A. Huriock), of Wil-
mington. Mrs. Ann Lamb died in 1S4L

'J'homas Lamb married, as his third wife,
^lary A., daughter of AVilliam and Elizabeth
(Sands) Stevens, of Kent county, ^Id. They
ha<l children: I. (ieorgiana (]Mrs. James
LeCounte), her first husband was Randall B.
Corman; II. Si^an A. (Airs. John 1). Cover),
of (Jlayton, Del., widow; III. Thomas, 2, of
Wilmington, married ^Miss llan-is; IV. Wil-
liam C., of Plackiston, Del., married Eliza-
beth Roe; V. ilary L., died young. Thomas
Lamb died near 15lackiston Cross Roads, in
1S7;;. ]\Irs. Lamb died in 18—.

James Price Lamlj was born on the Scotton
farm, near Kenton, which was then \inder
lease to his father. His rudimentary educa-
tion was obtained in the public schools of
Plackiston Cross lioads. Afterward he spent
two vears in Newark Academ\' and when he

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BIOGEA PHICAL b'XCYCLOPEDIA

coini)leted liis tenn there began tcaoliiiig.
'J liis profession ho followed during the win-
ter months for fifteen years, and in the sum-
mers, he labored on the farms of the vicinity.
AVhen he finally concluded his work as a
teacher, he purchased the William Fox estate
of 105 acres, in Little Creek hundred, and still
resides there. lie has made many improve-
ments on the farm. Mr. Lamb is an exem-
plary citizen, and is much esteemed. In his
earlier years he was a Democrat, but has been
for some time an earnest laborer in the ranks
of the Prohibitionists. lie has filled several
minor oftices in Little Creek hundred.

James Price Lamb was man-ied, October 2,
1855, to Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Wil-
liam and Elizabeth Fox, of Little Creek hun-
dred. Their children are: I. Mary (ilrs.
l>r. William W. Parves), of Dover, \vidow;
has three li\'ing children, one of whom is Neva
L. ("\h's James William Jose])h); II. Georgi-
ana (Mrs. Isaac Sinex), of near Blackiston
Cross Koads, widow; III. Elizabeth Fox,
teacher at Leipsic; IV. ilaragaret S., at
home; V. Clara Kebecca (Mrs. William II.
Flaherty), of Philadelphia, has one child,
Grace Emily, ilr. Lamb is a member of the
P. E. church, one of the board of stewards
of the congregation, and superintendent of
the Sabbath school.

The Cheffin family of which James Price
Lamb's mother was a descendant, came to this
eountiy from England. The great-grand-
father of !Mr. Land), was man-ied in the old
country, and his wife accompanied him to
America. !Mr. Cheflin p\irchased a tract of
of about 1,200 acres of land near Blaekis-
ton Cross Poads. This extensive tract was
covered with trees and br\ish and it required
nnieh time and labor to clear it for cultiva-
tion; but this being accomplished, dwelling
houses and barns were erected, and the es-
tate became vei-y valuable. 0n this farm
James Chethn, grandfatlicr of James
Price Land) was born and reared. He
iidierited the larger portion of the land, and
continued to make improvements upon it.
He was a soldier in the War of 1812, with the
rank of major, and did valiant service for his
country. James Chettin nnirried Sarah Griffin,
a native of Delaware and one of the oldest
and most distingiushed families of the state.
They had children: L Ann (^Mrs. Thomas
Lauib); II. Margaret (Mrs. Charles P. Ilack-

ett), whose tii-st husband was Thomas Nem-
bers; both husbands died in Kent county,
Md.; III. Kebeeca (Mrs. Pobert Clotliier),
died at Jones' Neck, her husiiand died in
Kenton, l>(d. ; IV. James, married Elizabeth,
daughter of Colonel ilalictt, an officer in the
War of 1812; James died in New Castle coun-
ty, Del.; V. En(jch, married ^liss Crockett,
died in Kent county; \ I. Suian (Mrs. David
Ivichards): her fii-st husband was James
Keyes, they went to the west, where Mr.
Jveyes died; .Mis. Keyes returned to Dida-
warc with her children and married ^Ir.
Pichards; she died in Smyrna. ^Ii-s. Sarah
(i. Clieffin died while still a yomig woman.
James Cheffin married, as his second wife,
!Mary White. He died on his farm near Plack-
iston Cross Poads in 1833, and ^Irs.
Cheffin survived him by forty-two years, dy-
ing in 1875, aged eighty.

PETER L. BAPCUS, Cheswold, Del.,
son of Edward and Anna (Boyd) Barcus, was
born in South .Murderkill hundred, Kent
county, Del., June 20, 1831.

Stephen Barcus, grandfather of Peter L.
Barcus, was born in ^laryland. He removed
to Philadelphia, Pa., and resided in that city
many years. His death occurred there. Ed-
ward Barcus, son of Stephen Barcus, was born
in Queen Anne county, ild., July 1, 1798.
AVhen very young he removed to Delaware.
The war of 1812 with Great Britain broke out
when he was but fourteen years old, and his
patriotism led him to enlist. Owing to his
youth, his services were refused. Edward
Barcus was twice married. His first wife was
Paeliel Chesterman; their children were: I.
Pachel, died in childhood; II. William, of
Kent county, Del. After the death of his
first wife, ilr. Barcus mamed Anna, daugh-
ter of David and ^lartha Boyd, of Queen
Anne county, JMd. Their children were: I.
Stephen, enlisted in the United States Navy
about 1840, and was never afterwards heard
from; II. Peter L.; III. Elizabeth; IV. Ed-
ward, 2, went upon a whaling expedition in
1857, and was probably lost at sea; V. James
Warner, was killed December 25, 1857. Mr.
Barcus died near Harrington, Del., in l^-^-,
aged eighty-four years.

Peter L. Barcus jjassed his youth in South
!Murderkill hundred. He received a limited
education, parti}' at home. As a boy, he was-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

751

■cinplovc'd Ly tlie neighboring farmers, but
■was jjoorly paid for his hibors. When he
■was sixteen years old, he shipped before the
mast, at first merely for trips l)et\veen ]>eipsic,
iJel., and I'hiladelpliia. 'J hen lie sailed on
coasting vessels, and afterward on the IJlaek
J^all line between Xew York and J-iverpool,
Knghuid. ]n ISJJ-i ho abandone<l the sea and
in 1S5U began farming. Leasing a tract of
land in South Murderkill hundred, he culti-
vated it until the Civil AVar. On October lo,
1802, he enlisted in Company F., Third Kegi-
inent, ^laryland Volunteer Infantry, for a
period of eleven months. At Chancellors-
ville, he was shot through the hand, and was
sent to the T\velfth Army Corps hospital.
lie returned to his regiment, b\it was after-
ward, in lS(i3, ordered to the llarwood Hos-
pital at AVashington, I). C. There he re-
mained until July 4, when he was given a
furlough of thirty days, and returneil home.
At the expiration of that time, he reported
at the hospital again, and after a short stay,
■was sent to Baltimore, ITd., and mustered out
of the service, September 3, 1803. Islr.
liarcus came back to South ilurderkill hun-
dred, sold his farm and removed to Smyrna
Landing, between which place and Philadel-
phia he sailed for a period of one year. Then
he removed to Templeville, Md., and CTigaged
in carpentry there for a year, after which he
returned to ])elaware and established him-
self in Cheswold as a carpenter. Subsequently
he was, for eight years, engaged in the com-
missidii business. In ISSO, he retired from
active life, and now resides in a comfortable
home which he erected in Cheswold. ^Fr.
Barcus is a member of Talbot Post, No. 3,
G. A. IL, of Dover, and of TIannony Council,
No. 23, Jr. 0. U. A. IL lor thirty years ho
was connected with the I. (). 0. F. He is a
Pcpublican.

Peter Ij. Barcus was married October 30,
1850, to Sarah Ann, daugliter of William
and liichia (Greenley) Bell, who was born
October 27, 1839, near AVillow drove, Kent
county, Del. Tlieir children are: I. Bichia
jVnn, died when eighteon months old; IT.
:Mary E. (Mrs. William J. Pliilips), of Wil-
mington; III. IMartha Ellen (Mrs. Edward
Ford), of Kent county, Del.; IV. Bev. Wil-
liam Elmer Ellsworth, of Beallsville, Pa., ]\L
E. minister, graduate of Allegheny College,
of ]\readville. Pa., and Drew ThenlDgical

Seminary, of iladison, N. J., married Susan
Anna Aiken Dickson; V. Sarah Emily (Mrs.
James A. Pierson), of Cheswold; VI. Peter
L., 2, of Cheswold, married Daisy May
Siialian; VII. John lulgar, of United States
Army; Vlll. I-aura Etta, at home; IX. Anna
Belle, died when live and a half years old; X.
James Herman, deceased. -Mr. Barcus is an
active mendier and a steward of the i\L E.
church.

JA]\rES C. ]\[00B, P. O. Kenton, Kent
county, Del., sun of James ( '. and Lydia
(DuIIadway) Moor, ■was born on part of the
farm which he now owns, in Little Creek hun-
dred, Kent coimty, Del.

The Moor homestead is part of an extensive
grant made to the Barnett family, and pur-
chased from Thomas Barnett, a nephew of
the original owner, by James C!. Moor. The
elder James C. ]\Ioor, was born in Little Creek
hundred, Kent county, Del., in 1800. For
his school education, he Avas obliged to de-
pend upon itinerant teachers, who were paid
by the patrons of the school. After farming
on rented land for two yeare in West Dover
hundred, ]\rr. Moor purchased the fann on
which his son, James, now resides. After his
marriage, he and his bride took up their abode
in a little log cabin which stood in the
meadow. He was a thrifty, industrious fann-
er, sturdy, self-reliant, and independent. He
improved the land by intelligent cultivation,
erected a comfortable log dwelling, and at the
time of his death was the owner of a fertile
farm of 300 acres. Mr. IMoor was a member
of the Democratic party, and was interested
in all the affaii-s of the district. James C.
Moor was married, February 17, 1820, to
Lydia, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Du
liadway. Their children are: I. Elizabeth
(IMi-s. William Jacobs), died in Kent county,
Del.; II. Sarah Ann (IMrs. Ezekiel Eeed),
died in Dover, Del.; ITT. William, deceased;
IV. Susan (Mi-s. John Clough), died in Kent
county, Del.; V. Abraham, deceased; VI.
Hannah (^Mrs. Enoch David), died in Kent
county; VII. Bobert, of Kent county; VIII.
John, of Easton, ^Id.; IX. Catherine, mar-
ried John ]\r. Wright, a brother-in-law of her
brother, James C. Moor, and resides in Xew
Castle county, Del.; X. Lydia (Mrs. Daniel
Jones), of Philadelphia, Pa.; XT. James C
]\Ir. i\Toor, altho\igh not a regular attendant.

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r..;/

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

was a menilicr of the if. E. church. He died
at his home in Little ('reek huiulred, in 1840;
liis wife died in 1SG5.

James V. ]\roor received his education from
itinerant teacliers, and, when a boy, helped to
build the school house in whitdi he afterwards
studied. The school house was in District
'Xo. 10, and its erection was in a great meas-
ure due to the exertions of Nehemiah Clark,
nominee for governor of Delaware. As soon
as James was old enough to know on whi(di
side to fasten the horse's rein, he In^gan to
work on his father's farm. lie helped to
clear the land, picking stones, and making
himself generally useful. With the exception
of six years, during which he farmed rented
land, Mr. iloor has lived on the homestead.
Ife now has a fine farm of 130 acres, and his
well-tilled fields 3'ield abundant harvests, lie
is a firm believer in the benefits of free silver,
and an active worker for the cause, but has
never sought office. Mr. iloor is a good citi-
zen, esteemed and honored in the eommu-
nit.y.

James C. iloor was married to ilrs. !Mary
A. (Wright) Jones, a widow. Their children
are: I. George W., maiTied Miss Argo; II.
Katherine (^Irs. George Pratt).

G A:\IALIEL GARRISON, P. O. Ken-
ton, Kent county, Del., son of Ephraim S. and
^lary E. (Denny) Garrison, was born in Duck
Creek hundred, Kent county, Del., March 1,
1S5G.

His grandfather, Gamaliel Gamson, was
born in Salem county, 'N. J. After his mar-
riage he removed to Kent county, Del., and
settled on a farm on the State road in Duck
Creek hundred. He nuirried Sarah 15ilder-
baek, a mendier of an influential family of
Salem county, IST. J. They had children: I.
Ephraim S.; IT. Margaret (^Irs. Dr. AVilliam
T. Smith), of Salisbury, Ihl; III. Samuel,
died young; lY. Esther (ilrs. Jacob P. Dick-
son), of Brenford, Del.; V. Jedediah, died
near Broadford, Del.; VI. Ebenezer, of Cam-
den, N. J.; VII. Jdhn'P., resides near Leip-
sic. Gamaliel (Jarrison died on his farm in
Duck Creek hundred about 1808, aged about
sixty-one yeiirs; his widow died April 20,
1889, aged eighty-two years, six months and
eight days.

K]ihraim S. Garrisiin was l)0rn in Salem
county, X. J., in 1829. lie was eiulit years

old when his parents removed to Kent county,
Del., and there attended the public schools
and worked on the farm. After he was mar-
ried, he leased a farm (Avned by AVilliam B.
Collins, of Smyrna, and resided on it for six
years. Then he becanic a tenant on one of
the farms of John Denney, in Little Creek
hundred, and on the death of that gentleman
])urchased the tract from his heirs. Here he
lived for a number of years, a progressive and
successful farmer, and a respected citizen,
lie has now retired fi'oni the active manage-
ment of his several farms, and resiiles in Ches-
wold. He has always been a Bepublican, and
an earnest champion of his party's cause.
Ephraim S. Garrison married Alary E.,
daughter of John and ilary Denney. Their
children are: I. Gamaliel; II. John D., died
when eleven years old; III. Alary E. (Airs.
J. Herman Anderson), of Cheswold, Del.;
IV. Thomas D., farmer, of Little Creek hun-
dred. Mr. Garrison is a mendier of Bethel
AI. E. church, and has been an active worker
in the congregation for several years.

Gamaliel Garrison, 2, was born on the farm
north of Garrison's mill, in Duck (-reek hun-
dred. When he was four years old his father
removed to a farm opposite Bethel church,
Little Creek hundred. There Gamaliel went
to the public school, and received also a prac-
tical knowledge of farming. It was his ])ur-
pose, however, to prepare himself for a profes-
sional life. He accordingly attended Smyrna
Seminary for three years, and qualified him-
self for adnu'ssion to a college by a yeai-'s
course in the State jSTormal School at Alillers-
ville, Pa. His eyesight failed at this time,
and he was compelled to forego the college
training he had ambitiously planned. He
taught school in Little Creek hundred for
three years, and for over a year was principal
of the Kenton schools. Then he turned to
agricultural pursuits, and leased a farm in
Duck Creek hundred from his father. In
1892 he removed to his present tract of 318
acres near Kenton, which he purchased from
the licii-s of his father-in-law, Dr. Joseph Ad-
dison Goodwin. This tract is part of a large
grant of land made Sejitemljer 9, 1G83, by
AVilliam Penn, to Erancis Whitewell, and
John Pichardson. The original plantation
consisted of 1,800 acres, and the yearly rental,
as set foi'th in the prant, was eighteen bushels
of wheat, to be paiil on the fir>t <hiy of the

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•..> V .).r'l|.

STATE OF 1)/: LAW Ml-:

753

fii-st month of each year, to AVilliam Penn or
his ht'ii-s. Tlie land was owned by ditTerent
proprietors until, tinally, it was purchased liy
J)r. (Joodwin from ]\lr. Janvier. One of the
owners of the tract was Chancellor Nicholas
Uidgely, who occupied it about 1800, and on
liis death bequeathed it to his widow and l)r.
Henry l\id<ie]y, of Dover. The farm was
named "Somerville," in honor of Lord Som-
erville, of England, and is beautifully situated
near Kenton. Mr. Garrison is the active man-
ager of "Somervillc" and owns in addition
two other farms. He cultivates general farm
products and devotes much ground and labor
to fruit culture. lie is a Ivejiublican, but has
never sought otfice.

On February 10, 1880, in Kenton, Del.,
Gamaliel (Jarrison married (^lara, daughter
of Dr. Joseph Addison and Jane A. (Bailey)
Goodwin, of Kenton hundred. They have
childri'u: I. Jane Agnes, Ijorn December Hi,
18S0; II. Gilbert Denny, born July 30,
18S3; HI. !Mary Eel)ecca, born April 9,
lbS5; IV. Helen and V. Elva, tAvins, born
December 27, 1890; VI. Irene, born Febni-
ary 15, 189-1. ^Fr. Garrison is a member and
trustee of Methel il. E. church.

^Irs. Garrison is of English and German
ancestry. William Goodwin, her grand-
father, raided in ilontgomery county, Pa.,
for many years. He was a farmer. He mar-
ried Sarah Haas, who was of (iernian descent.
Their children are: I. Joseph Addison; II.
Miw}' (ifrs. Jonathan Hover); III. Anna
(^frs. Edward Prownback), of Trappo, !Mont-
gomery county. Pa.; IV. William, deceased;
V. Josephine, died young; \l. Sarah, died
young; ^'II. Jane, died young.

Dr. Joseph Addison Goo«lwin, father of
Mrs. Gamson, was born in Trappe, ilont-
gofner}' county. Pa., in November, 1827. He
was graduated from the ^Medical department
of the ITniversity of Pennsylvania about 18r)0,
and soon afterwards began the practice of his
profession in ICenton. Dr. (ioodwin married
Jane Agnes, daughter of ilason and Sarah
Eailev. ^trs. Goodwin was born in Sudlers-
ville,^^r<l., December 10, 1829. They had
children: F. Flora, died in infancy; IE Clara
(Mi-s. (lamaliel Garrison); TIL William P.,
died at the age of eight years; IV. Sarah
(ilrs. Samuel Taylor), of Konton; V. John,
died at the age of twenty years; VT. Eugenia
P., practicing iihysician nf Ifiirion, Tiid. Dr.

Goodwin diL-d :March 25, 1891. ]\[i-s. Good-
win survives hiui. Dr. (i0(jdwin was a mem-
ber of the il. I'l. church.

HARPY P. CLAUK, P. O. Kenton, Del.,
son of John N. and Mary Emma (Coppage)
C'lark, was born in Kenton Creek hundred,
]\ent county, Del., January 7, 18(i7.

His great-grandfather wa.s Eben Clai-k, a
nati\'o of Caroline county, ]Md., and a farmer
in that <-<iunty until his death. He was
ViH-althy and jironiintut. llis cliildn-n were:
I. Eiien, a soldier in the w;ir of 1812, died
in i\raryland; II. John, died in Caroline coun-
ty; III. . Joseph, died in Kent county, Del.;
IV. Enoch, deceased; V. James E. P., died
in Kent county, Del.; VI. William, died in
Kent county, Del.; VII. David; VIII. Ann
(iMrs. William Lurty), died in Kent county,
Del.; IX. Mary, deceased.

James E. P. Clark, grandfather of Harry
P. Clark, was born in 1797 in Caroline coun-
ty, ]\[d. His rudimentary education was ob-
tained in the schools of his native county.
^\']leu he was eighteen years old, he came to
Kent county, Del., and secured employment
as a farm laborer. lie had no resources but
pluck and physical strength, but these were
all-sutticient to him. He was diligent and
economical. In 1825 he married, and leased
farms until 1832, when he started west with
his wife and two children. It was a long and
difficult journey, undertaken without definite
assurance of any material progrt^ss west of
the Allegheny mountains more rapid than he
had made on the Eastern Shore, but he be-
lieved his energy and dauntless siiirit would
overcome any obstacle. Placing his family
and a few household goods in his fann wagon,
he set out on December 1, and reached his
destination in the western part of Ohio six
weeks later, having crossed the Ohio river on
the ice. He rented a small log house in the
"Buckeye" state. He had $300 which he had
sa\ed in the east, but could not invest it sat-
isfactoiily, so lie worked as a day lal)orer for
the sum of twenty-five cents a day. 'Mr.
Clark, however, did not remain long in Ohio.
His wife )n-cferred the east, with its greater
civilizatiim and coiiifiirt, and in ^Tarch they
began their I'etuin trip, again cms.-^ing the
Ohio river on the ice. They leased the farm
in Kent cnuiity, Del., which they had vacated,
:iiul lived thei'c bmr veais. [ii ls:5(i ]\Ir.

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754

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Clark purchased a small farm in what was
then Duck Creek huiulred. On this tract of
laud irtood the Chainey Clouds fort. In 1843
he became the possessor of another farm in
]veutou Creek hundred on which he erected
building's, and lived there until his death. lie
was au exemplary man in his family and in
the community. In political matters he was a
"Whig, and later a Eepublican. In 1825 James
E. 13. Clark nuirried Sarah Moore, of Ivont
county, Del. They had children: I. Rachel
(]\Irs. Dr. ilarion Dawson), of Ohio; II. Ann
(ili-s. Peter Brooks), of Indianapolis, Ind.;
III. John N., married ^Mary Enuua Coppage;
lY. Sarah (Jlrs. Isaac Harden), died in 18G1;
V. Maria, died young; W. James D., of
Queen Anne countv, ^Id., married Eeliecca
J. English; VII. David S.; VIII. Ephraim
AV., died young; IX. Enoch (Jeorge,
practicing physician of Kent county, Md.,
member of the ^laryland legislature, married
Mary, daughter of Colonel Johnson, of Kent
county, Md.; X. ('atharine, died in infancy.
Mi-s. Clark died in 1848. ;Mr. Clark married
in 1854, ]\Iary E. Holland, of Kenton hun-
dred. Their children were: I. Walter A.;
II. Clara 11. (]\Ii-s. Frank ]\Ioore). Mr. Clark
died on his farm in 18G2. lie was a member
of the M. E. church, attentive to his religious
duties, a liberal contributor to his congrega-
tion and a member of its oflicial board.

John X. Clark, father of Henry B. Clark,
was born near Downs' Chapel, Kent county,
Del., in 1828. There he spent the greater
part of his life. He attended the public
schools during the winter months and in the
sunnner obtained that practical knowledge of
agricidtural matters which is usual to the
farmer's boy. After his man-iage he settled
on part of the C'lark homestead, and became
very prominent in his cfiiumunity. He was
M'ell-road, had goiid business jiidgment and
was influential in the church. He was an ac-
tive Kepublican. John N. Clark nuirried
Mary Emma, daughter of James and ]\Iary
Co]ipage. Their children are: I. Katharine
f]\Irs. Ernest Eoc.p), of Charlottesville, Va.;
II. Klla, a school teacher in Xew Castle coun-
ty, Del.; III. Harry B.; IV. John S., at
home; V. "Wilbur E., at home; VI. Tx!on, at
hume. :Mr. ( lark died on his farm in 1891.
IIu was a meudier and a steward of the Ken-
ton AI. E. congregation, and a clas-^-lcader.
Mrs. Clark still resides on the farm.

Ilariy B. Clark was born on the home farm.
Until he was about twenty ycai-s old, he at-
tended the public schools of the neighborhood,
and then took a three months' course in
I'rickctt's Business College, in Philadelphia.
After completing his education he returned
to the farm, and was employed by his father
until his marriage. Since then he has farmed
for himself. He is a Democrat and is popular
and prosperous.

Harry B. Clark was man-ied JIarch 4,
18!)1, to Linda, daughter of Thomas E. and
Clara E. (Hutchinson) Bailey, of Kenton,
Del. Their children are: I. Clara Emma,
died in infancy; II. Harry Clifford; III.
]\Iary E.; IV. James W. Mr. Clark is a
member of the Kenton JI. E. church, and a
steward of the conareuation.

DAVID S. WILDS, P. O. Kenton, Del.,
son of James I), and Lydia E. (Spruance)
Wilds, was born in Kenton, then a part of
Duck Creek hundred, Kent cmuity, Del.,
February 11, 1832.

His ancestors were Welsh. Three brothers
came from Wales to America in the eigh-
teenth century. They settle<l, one in West
\'irginia, one in ^laryland, and one in Dela-
ware. In those early days communication l)e-
tween states was not frequent, and nuiils were
exceedingly slow. So that there might not
be confiision of families in possible reports of
unfortunate occurreiu'es, the brothers decid-
ed to spell their names in three different ways.
One adopted the form of Wild; another
sjielled his name Wyles, and the Delaware
settler used AVilds.

The Delaware family attained eminence in
church and state. Alajor John AVilds, a
granduncle of David S. Wilds, was an officer
in the war of 1812. His residence was near
Kenton, where he was engaged in fanning.
He married Xancy C, daughter of Pev. Dr.
James Jones, who was a well-known minis-
ter of the Baptist church, and a farmer; he
lived in what is now Kenton hundred. \Major
Wilds had at least twn children: I. (^Ii^s. Jo-
se])h Ciriflith), deceased; II. Thomas, who
left Kenton when young, and probably went
to sea; he was never aftenvards heard from.

David S. Wilds was born on his fatlier's
farm, Mhich is now owned by Dr. W. II.
Cooper. He attended the ))ublic schodls of
KcntoTi (luring the winter months until he was

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't. ..,,1.

STATE OF DELAWARE

755

twenty, Imt was not fond of the study of
books. Outdoor life with its (>hiinces for ob-
servation and its promise of physical vigor,
had greater charms for him, and he spent
much of his time on the fann. AVhen he was
twenty years old, his father entrusted to him
the management of a portion of his farm, and
of a nuuiber of slaves who heliwd to till the
plantation, ilr. Wilds proved a capable su-
perintendent, and continued as such \intil his
marriage in 1855. Then he wislied to engage
in fanning for himself, but his father de-
sired liini to remain on the homestead. He
offered to purchase a portion of the broad
fields, and a verbal agreement was made that
the son should have the privilege of buying
the land at his father's death. Then he took
charge of the tract of 187 acres. On the death
of his father in 18G3, his mother sold him the
land Mith reference to which the verbal
agreeiiK'nt had been made, !Mrs. "Wilds being
familiar with the iinderstanding l)etweeu
them. His father, it may be noted here, had
been a public official for a number of years,
and was an honored servant of the ]X!ople.
lie was elected to both branches of tlie State
Legislature, and was a justice of the peace at
Kentun for several yeai-s. He was esteemed
for his kind and benevolent disposition.

David Wilds is a man of striking ]iersonal
appearances of strong physique. ITe has been
verv active in political affairs, first as a Whig,
and for nearly forty years as a Democrat, lie
has several times ref\ised proffered nomina-
tions for the legislature. Three terms he has
served as a member of the Levy Court, lie
was first elected to the office in the fall of
1804, then in 1874, and again in 1878. In
the fall of 1896 he was a candidate for sheriff,
but was defeated through his lack of interest
in the campaign.

On February 27, 1855, David S. Wilds
married Anna Maria, daughter of Lodeman
E. and Anna ilaria (Carrow) Downs. Mr.
Downs was one of the founders of Down's
Chapel, Kent county, and his name was given
to the edifice. Mr. and iMi's. Wilds have
children: I. Laura C. (]\[rs. Charles P.
Bailey), of Wilmington, Del.; II. Lydia
Elva (:\fi-s. Thomas J. Kik), wid(j\v; III.
Elizabeth (Mrs. Thomas 11. Wilson), de-
ceased; IV. James D., died in his fourth year;
V. David Frank, of Crunipton, ]\fd., manied
Helen Wallace, has two children; YI. John

Spruance, attended public schools until he
was eighteen, then spent two yeai-s at Dela-
ware College and later was graduated from
Drew Theological Seminal-;^'; now pastor of
a congregation in De Teyster, N. Y.; mar-
ried Margaret M. Ferren; YII. Anna ]\Iay
(:Mrs. Joiin A. Walls), of Wilnungton, Del.,
has one child; VIII. J. Herman, at home;
IX. Wilbur, at home. Mr. Wilds was reared
in the Baptist church, but is a nunnbcr and
trustee of the ]^L E. church of Kenton.

SHEPJDAX PAKKER MANSHIP, M.
D., Kenton, Del., son of William Edward and
ilargaret Emma (Parker) j\Ianship, was born
in !Milton, Sussex county, Del., September 20,
18G4.

Charles Manship, grandfather of Dr. Sheri-
dan P. !Mansliip, was a native of Caroline
county, ]\fd. He grew to manhood there, and
then removed to Delaware, and for many
years was engaged in mercantile pursuits, re-
tiring from business in 1882, in ililton, Sus-
sex county. He served as justice of the peace
in Sussex. In 1832 he married Araminta
Dickerson. His wedding occurred at !Milton.
Mi-s. Manship was a resident of Sussex county.
They had children: I. Jane Emily (Mi-s. Ca-
leb Morris), of ]\Iilton, Del., born November
14, 1832; II. William Edward, born May 8,
1835; III. Alfred Henry, born April S,
1837, was twice married, first in 1858, to
Anna Eliza Barker, of Millsl)orough, Del.;
the second time to Eliza Lindale, of IMilton;
he has held a number of public offices; is at
present a postmaster; IV. Charlotte B. (IMrs.
:\[aneu B. Walls), born February 22, 1830,
died in Milton, Del., October 2, 1870; her
husband now resides in Ceorgetown, Del.; V.
Sarah Ellen (:\Irs. Joseph Lingo), of Wood-
bury, X. J., born April 29, 1843, married
August 30, 18G3, her husband died near ^fil-
ton'; VI. ilartha J., born July 10, 1845, died
July 1, 1803. ilr. ]\Ianship' died in Milton,
Del., Deceml)er 24, 1882, aged seventy;
]\Irs. !Man.ship died in ]\Iilton, IN'ovemlier 28,
1882, aged seventy-two.

William Edward IManship was born in ^lil-
ton, Del., attended the pulilic schools there,
and Mas afterwards engaged in mercantile pur-
suits in that place until 1888. Then he re-
tired at the age of fifty-three, and is now en-
joying the fr\iits of his successful business
career in ^lilton. IMr. ]\ranshi]i was a cor-

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75G

BWGRAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

poral in Company A, Ninth Regiment, Dela-
ware Volunteer Infantry, a short time dur-
inp- the Civil war. He enlisted Septemher 2,
1SG4, and served one hundred days, when his
term ex])ired. lie supports tiic itepuhlit-au
party at the polls but is not an ofhce seeker.

On OetoLcr 2S, 1SG3, AVilliam Edward
Clanship married ^NTargaret iMuma, daughter
of Captain Peter (!. and (Carey) Par-
ker, of Milton. Tliey had children: I. kSheri-
dan Parker, born Septendier 20, lSG-4; 11.
John F., born ifay 2G, 18G7, died Deecmber
■i, 1892; was gi-aduated in dentistry from the
University of Pennsylvania, and was a prac-
titioner in Phi!adel])hia at the time of his
death. Mi-s. ]\ranship died in Milton, Decem-
ber 27, 1873, aged thirty-five years. She was
a member of the M. E. church. Mr. ISIanship
is also a communicant of that denomination.

Sheridan Parker Manship attended school
in Milton until he was seventeen yeai'y old.
For two years thereafter he taught school,
aiul then entered the medical department of
the University of ilaryland in Baltimore for
the tenn of ISSS-Si. Afterwards he matricu-
lated at the Univei-sity of I'ennsylvania in
Philadelphia, and was graduated from the
medical department in 1890. He immediate-
ly began the practice of his profession in ilag-
nolia, Del., but relinquished it in a short time
and went to Wilmington, where he was en-
gaged in the dnig business. Later, he re-
sumed his profession in Magnolia, and in De-
cember, 1890, succeeded Dr. W. 11. Cooper,
in Iventon, and has made a very satisfactory
l>eginning of professional work in this jdace.
Dr. !Manslup is a member of ^liona Tribe, No.
32, I. O. li. M. lie is independent in jjolitics.

On December 2G, 1S95, Dr. Sheridan P.
!Manship was married to Amanda Pmvker,
daughter of James and Maria (Sheppard) An-
derson, of Pisiug Sun, Del. They have one
child, Margaret E., born April 19,'l897. Dr.
IMauship is not a member of any church,
ilrs. Clanship attends the ]\r. E. church.

WILLIAM IT. GKEENWELL, Kenton,
Del., son of Francis and I'lllen (Disston)
Greenwell, was born in I'hiladelphia, Pa.,
April 20, 18CC.

His great-grandfather, Jolm Creenwell,
was bom in Dunt-on-Passet, Leicestershire,
England, the son of a native of Ireland who
was a member of the P. C. chundi, and who

lived for a number of years in England.
John Greenwell was a school teacher. Ills
wife Ann, a woman of nnich education, also
taught school. They had children: I. Lance-
h.t; II. Lucy (Mrs. Ford); 111. , mar-
ried an Italian; IV. Ambrose. Mr. (Jreen-
well died at l)unt-on-Easset. ]\Ii-s. (ireenwell
was about eighty years old when she died.
Her family \vas noted for longevity. She and
three of her brothers lived a total of more
than 3G0 years.

Ambrose Greenwell, grandfather of Wil-
liam 11. Greenwell, was born at Dunt-on-Eas-
set. lie received a good education and became
one of the best equipped and most eiiicient
school teachers in Leicestershire. After his
marriage he engaged exclusively in weaving,
which he had learned as a youth, and to
which he devoted himself until he was sixty
yeai-s of age. He had large shops, and con-
ducted an extensive business. Ambrose
Greenwell married ]\Iary Paro, who was born
in Warwickshire, eight miles from Coventry.
They had children: I. Francis; 11. William,
killed in a coal mine in England; III. John,
joined the Mormon church and died in Salt
Lake City, Utah; IV. Ambrose, 2, of Ogden '
City, Utah; V. Mary E., of Enderby, Eng-
lanil. ]\rrs. Greenwell died about 1840. Af-
ter her death, ilr. Greenwell came to Amer-
ica and resided with his son, Francis, in Phila-
delidiia. Some time later, he returned to
England, and died at Enderby, aged more
than seventy-seven years. He was, in his re-
ligious belief, what was known in England
as a "Primitive ilethodi-t."

Francis Greenwell, father of William 11.
Greenwell, was born at Dunt-on-Basset, Lei-
cestershire, England, April 22, 1820. His
birth])lace was ten miles from Leici-ster, a
manufacturing center. He was carefully edu-
cated in his early boyhood by his grand-
mother, who had been a noted teacher. But
the little fellow had not much time to devote
to i looks. AVhen he was seven years old he
was' set to work at seaming stockings. In his
native district, many woolen goods were nuui-
ufactured, and his father had at his home a
large workshop, in which he rented space to
weavers. When Francis was nine yeai-s old,
he iK'gan leaniing weaving under his fatheris
instruction, and followed this occupation for
three or four years. After the day's work
was ended, he sometimes attended night

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It-.''.; 'li

STATE OF DELAWARE

(57

scliool, paying out of his small wages a penny
a nifilit for t1ie instruction he was eager to
receive. At fifteen yeare of age he left home
and went to Coventry, AVarwickshire, to work
on tlic grading of tlie streets for his uncii',
Jolm tiari-i'tt, a contractor. A year later he
returned to l)unt-on-ljasset and learned
hutcliering with a cousin. AX'licn he was
twenty, lie embarked for the rnited States
on sailing vessel New WurlJ, and
reached !New York t'ity after a voyage of
four weeks, lie was accompanied liy two
cousins, Ki(diaid and John (treenwell, who
had advaueeil the money for his passage.
From Xew York the party went to Philadel-
pliia, and ten miles outside tiiat city the
cousins established themselves in the butcher-
ing business. Francis Greenwell workeil on
a farm at Fox Chase during the first summer,
receiving fifty cents per day, and repaid from
these wages the passage money his cousins had
advanced him. Aftenvard he returned to
riiiladelphia, and there engaged in butcher-
ing; he gave close attention to his business
and at tlie end of the "War of the Rebellion
he had $0,000 or $7,000 in greenbacks, lie
was told that his paper money would become
worthless, and as he did n()t want to lose tlie
proceeds of his fifteen years of hard labor, he
purchased in ISOC, a farm of 120 acres at
Shuigliter, Kent county, Del., upon which
he immediately began improvements. One-
third of the land was in timber; this he par-
tially cleared, and erected a dwelling lioaise
at a "cost of $2,000. The farm was leased, and
^h: (ireenwell continued butchering in the
country for fourteen years longer, after which
he removed to Kenton and established him-
self there in a business now conducted by his
son. !Mr. Greenwell is a stanch Democrat.

Frajicis Greenwell was married in 1851, in
Pliiiadelidiia, to Ellen Disston. Their chil-
dren are: T. Klizabeth (Mrs. Steel), of

Philadeljihia; IT. Frank, of Pennsylvania,
married Laura Tarburton; III. Annie (]\Irs.
Austin G. Gricr), of Pennsylvania; IV. Ella
(ilrs. .Tolin Jacobs), of Down's Chapel, Del.;
V. William If. Mrs. Ellen Greenwell died
on tlie farm near Slaughter. Francis Green-
well afterwards married !Mary J. Everett, of
Kent county, Del. Mi-s. ]\Iary J. Greenwell
was born in Baltimore, Md., of English jiar-
entaiic. ^Ir. and IMrs. Greenwell have one
chiM, Kinma Lola ("Mrs. Jdiii V. Walker), nf

Kenton. They are members of the M. E.
church.

William IT. Greenwell, younger son of
Francis and Ellen (Disston) Greenwell, was
born in Philadcliiliia, but remained there only
a short time. AVhen he was a few montlis old
his father ivnioved to the Kent county,
Del., farm and there the youth lived until he
was fourteen years of age. He attended the
public school at Slaughter, and completed his
course of study at Kenton. lie leanied
butchering from his father, and when twenty
years old went to Philadelphia, wliere he
worked at his trade for three years. Then he
returned to KcTiton, and was engaged for
awhile on his father's farm. Afterward he
took charge of the butchering biisiness in
Kenton, and has managed it veiy successfully.
He now owns a fanu near Kenton, and has
added greatly to the value of the town prop-
erty, lie is an esteemed citizen and a progres-
sive business man. ]\Ir. Greenwell is a Demo-
crat, and was inspector of elections in Kenton
- hundred in 1S96. AVilliam IT. Greenwell was
married in Kenton, in-jMarch, 1893, to Eliza,
daughter of T. F. Erayman. ]\trs. Greenwell
was, for five years, a school teacher.

EDWARD W. LAPITAM, P. 0. Clayton,
Del., son of Isaac S. and Anna II. Lapham,
was born at Farmington, Ontario county, N.
Y., March 1, 1842.

The ancestors of Mr. Lapham were English.
John Lapham came from Devonshire, Eng-
land, to Roger AVilliams's colony in Provi-
dence, R. L, probably soon after the organiza-
tion of that colonJ^ He settled near Burying
Place Hill, but his home being burned by the
Indians, he removed with his family to Dart-
month, Mass. This was before the year 1700.
John Lapham maiTied, in Providence, Alarv,
daughter of William ]\Iann, and had children:
I. John; II. Thomas; TIL William; IV.
Nicholas; V. Elizabeth.

Their eldest son, John Lapham, 2, married
IMary, daughter of Joseph Russell, of Dart-
month, and Elizabeth (Faber) Russell, of
Bridgewater, ]\Iass. They had nine daugh-
tei-s and five sons; one of the latter was named
Joshua.

Joshua Lapham married Hannah, daughter
of David Sherman, of Dartmouth, a Quaker
preacher of much ability, and a near relative
cif the father uf Roger Shernian. Their eliil-

ir lit , 'I

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758

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

dren were: I. Joshiia, bom about 1720; II.
Daniel; III. Abram; IV. David; V. ifat-
thew; VI. Asa; VII. Lydia; VIIT. Ruth;
IX. Phebe; X. Ilaiinali.

David I.apliaui, fourth .sou of Jo.sliua Lap-
haui, 2, married Judith Smith, and liad cliil-
dreu as follows: I. Isaao; 11. Josliua; IIT.
V'iliiam; IV. Eliza; V. John; VI. David;
VII. Hannah.

Tlie eldest of this family, Isaac Laphara,
was the grandfather of Edward W. Lapham,
and was born in jMassachusctts, probably in
the town of Adams, Eebruary 22, 1777.
When a young man, he left the Bay State for
Ontaiio county, N. Y., where he took up gov-
ernment land. He was a pioneer in that sec-
tion of the state, and his earliest experiences
there were full of hardshi}); but hj untiring
labor he made his land productive, and be-
came a prosperous farmer and an influential
citizen. Isaac Lapham man-ied ^lary Smith,
who was born in Adams, ^lass., A]M-il 20,
1779. Their children, who were all born at
Earmington, X. Y., are as follows: I. .
Epaphras, bom January 17, 1803, married
Abigail ]\IcLouth, died in ^lanchcster, X. Y.,
aged seventy-two years; II. Luciua (Mrs.
(leorge W. Smith),'born July 13, ISOl, died
in Palmyra, X. Y., March '27, 1881; III.
Ausou, born August 21, 180G, married Amy
A. Ilowlaud, (lii'd iu ]\Ianchester, X". Y.,
April 11, 1804; IV. Elias IT., bom June IG,
1808, manned Dircc Brown, died at Eann-
ington, X. Y., in 18 — ; V. ]\Ianetta (^Mrs.
Hinckley Tay), bom May 21, 1810, died in
Eamiinoton,'X. Y., in 1863; YI. David D.,
born in 1812, died at Earnungton in 1813;
"\'II. .Vndirose S., born X'ovember 1.5, 1814,
died at the residence of Edward W. Lapham,
near Clayton, Del, June 12, 1887; VIII.
Jared, born Eebruary 4, 1822, died in ]\Iichi-
gan. ]Mr. and ^Ira. Isaac Lapham both died
and were buried in Ei|rmington, Ontario coun-
ty, X. Y.

Isaac S. Lajjham, sixth sou of Isaac and
^lary (Smith) Lapham, was reared ui)on that
farm, acquired a good English education, and

mediately began improvements on an exten-
sive scale, in prei)aration for raising small
fruits. Here he was largely and actively en-
gaged in fruit culture until 1880, when he re-
tired, tran.sferring tlie control of his j)roi>erty
to his sou. In his i)olitical views Isaac L.
Lapham was a Ivepublican. ]\Ir. Lajdiam's
fii>.t wife was Anna, daughter of AVihaarth
Smith, of Ontario county, X. Y. Liiey had
one child, Edward W. Mrs. Anna Lapham
died in January, 1843. Isaac S. Lapham af-
terwards married Ilannali T. Hoag, of X'ew
York. He died on his farm, October 11,
1895.

Edward W. Lapham atteiuled common
schools and afterwards select schools in On-
tario county, and completed his couree at the
age of eighteen at tlie !Macedon Academy, in
AVayne county, X. Y. For seven years after-
ward he was engaged as a salesman; iu 1S(J7,
he joined IMr. and jyii-s. I. S. Lap-
I'am iu tlieir lu-w home in Delaware,
aiul lieeauie his father's active assist-
ant iu his faradng and fruit-raising
interests. Since assuming the entire
charge in 1880, ]^fr. Lapham has acquired ad-
ditional property, and largely increased his
business connections. He now owns two very
productive farms, jiuliciously laid out, and
I'omprising more than 700 acres. From these
he has sold fruit to the value of $10,000 iu
one year; his net annual profits range from
$4,000 to $8,000. His residence is on the
farm of 200 acres, near Clayton, which his
father originally punduased. It is a place of
more than ordinary beauty, having ujion it a
largo dwelling, with well-equipped barns and
other receptacles; the spacious gro\mds sur-
rounding the mansion have received the care-
ful attention of a competent landscape gar-
dener. ]\Ir. Lapham has sttulied fruit cult\ire
scientifically, and is considered an authority
on that subject in the state. He is much es-
teemed for ills personal traits as well as for his
business knowledge and methods. He is a
stanch Pepublican.

Edward AV. Lapham was married Afay 20,

learned surveying, to which occupation he de- 1807, to Elizal^th A., daughter of J<'hn \\
voted himself for some time. After his mar- and Louisa Ery, of Aludugan. 1 heir chil-
dren are: I. J. Spcucer, farmer, of Goldsboro,

ringc, he settled on the homestead, but later
sold i't, and removed iu 1805 to Kent county,
Del., where he purchased from Joseph Earris
the farm now owned by his sun. The estate
was known as Sevil Place. 'Mw Lapham im-

Ald., niarrird Ilarrh^t liridgeman, of Chica-
go, 111., has one child, Edward AV. Lapham,
burn December 1'., 189^
II. L Luther, at home.

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STATE OF DE LAW ABE

Tf.f^

John Lapham, brother of I^aac Lapham,
aiul graiuluncle of Edward W. Lapham, mar-
ried ZiiiL-rhuda Smith, siiter of Airs. Isaac
Lapliam. lie was probate judge of Ontario
county, N. Y., for several years. One of his
sons Avas lion. E. (J. Lapliam, successor to
lion, lioscoe Conklin in the United States
Senate.

EOBERT RAWLEY, P. O. Clayton,
Del., son of James and Rachel (Cohee) Raw-
ley, was born near AVillow Grove, Kent coun-
ty, Del., July 27, 1S27.

The Rawley family is of English descent.
There is a ditference in the orthography of the
name. Some of the family now living in Del-
aware spell it Iiawhij, othei-s liaughley, and
still others have adopted other forms. James
Rawley, father of Robert Rawley, was born
in Kent county, Del., was reared on a fann,
and always devoted himself to the cultivation
of the soil and the raising of fine live stock.
lie pirospered greatly, and while yet a young
man had attained affluence. James Rawley
married Rachel, daughter of Vincent and
Alarian Cohee, of Kent county, Del. They
had children: I. Henry, died in Smyrna, W!is
married fii>^t to Lydia Slaughter, afterward
to Sarah Hale, of Philadelphia; II. Robert;
III. Mary (Airs. Alexander Pleasanton), died
in Raymond's Neck, Kent county, Del.; IV.
Rachel (Airs. Robert Jones), died in Leipsic,
Del.; V. Eliza, deceased; VI. Ann (Airs.
William D. lloflfecker), of Kenton hundred,
Kent county, Del.; YII. James, 2, died in
Raymond's Neck; VIII. John, of Smyrna,
was married, fii-st, to Sarah J. Wrench, after-
ward to Rebecca Smith, widow of the late
John Williams; IX. William, of New Castle
county, married Lydia Heckman. James
Rawley died in Little Creek hundred, Kent
county, Del., about 1853, aged about forty-
seven years; Airs. Rawley died about 1846.

Robert Rawley's parents removed from the
neighliorhood of W^illow Grove to that of
Clayton, in the northern part of Kent coimty,
wlieu he was but twelve yeai"s ohl. During
the winter months he attended the public
schools; in summer he took his place among
tlie laborei-s in the field. He was early trained
in the calling of his father, and at the age of
tcii yeai-s, when it was necessary for him to
raise his hands as liigh as his head to reach
the plow handles, he was given his allotment

of the plowing to be done for sowing time.
In 1851 he married, and sometime afterward
leased a farm in Raymond's Neck from Alex-
ander Petei-son, of Philadelphia. At the end
of two years he purchased a fann in Ray-
mond's N^eck, which he tilled for thirty yeai-s.
In October, 1880, he bought the tract of land
he now occupies, to which he removed in Jan-
uai-y, 1887. On this farm he raises many
varieties of small fruits, besides the usual
grain croiK. He served for two years as tax
collector of Little Creek hundred. Air. Raw-
ley is an ardent Democrat.

On January 30, 1851, Robert Rawley mar-
ried Amanda Sayr, daughter of John W. and
Jane (Stretch) Wilson, born in Saleni coun-
ty, N. J. Their children are: I. John Wes-
ley, commission merchant, of Philadelphia,
man-ied Elizabeth Clark, of Philadelphia; 11.
J. Frank, ice dealer, of Chester county, I'a.,
nuirried Sarah Wingate, of Kent county, Del.,
has children, i. Althiea, ii. Alay V., iii. Neva;
111. Laura E. (Airs. George Elliott), of Leip-
sic, Del., has children, i. Beulah, ii. Bessie
Ray; IV. Georgiana (Airs. John L. Scotton),
of Ivcipsic, has one child, John AL; V. W^il-
mcr I )., at home, was married, first, to Anna
Alarvel, had children, i. Bertha, ii. Ethel, and
married afterward, Katie Ellis; VI. Eva
(Airs. John Whitlock), of Clayton, Del.; VII.
Roscoe D., of Clayton, married Lulu Ander-
son, has one son, Alcrvin L. ; VIII. Elma
AVilson, milliner in Philadelphia. Five chil-
di-en are dead. They were Robert Emmet i,
Amanda J., Robert Wilson, Gardener and
Arthur.

JOHN AV. AIYERS, P. O. Blackiston X
Roads, Kent county, Del., son of William
and Anna (Alyei-s) Alyers, was born near
Alillington, Kent county, Aid., January 8,
1824.

His paternal great-grandfather, Luke
Alyei-s, was a British subject, and came to
America from England or one of the small
islands along its coast. Luke Myera, 2, grand-
father of John W. Alyers, was a resident of
Alaryland for many years and died in Kent
county, Aid. He had children: I. William;
II. Lydia.

"William Alyers was born in Kent county,
Aid. He sjient his entire life there, and be-
came an artluent farmer and an esteemed eiti-

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III I . Iii|": ') lli

7G0

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

zen. In his political views he was a Federal-
ist. AVilliaiu llyei-s was married to Anna,
■widow of Sauuiel Lewis; by her tii-st marriage
she had one ohild, who died young. ^Ir.
i^fyers had children: I. John W.; II. AVil-

liam, 2, of ilaryland, married Wood;

III. Thomas Frishy, of Smyrna, Del., married
Irene Jackson, half sister of ilrs. John \V.
ilyers. AVilliam Myei-s died in 1844; his
widow died at the home of her son, near
To^vnsend, Md.

John W. ilyers was reared on the farm.
He was fond of farm duties and the pjistimes
of the farmer's boy. When the grain was in
the barn and the com on the shock, he spent
the greater part of his time in hunting, and
became a skilled shot. All this interfered
seriously with his education, but in later
yeai"s he made amends by hard work at his
books. When he was nineteen, his father
died, and he took charge of the home farm,
where he lived for many years. Then he dis-
posed of it, and purchased his present tract
of sixty-four acres in Kenton hundred, Kent
count}', Del. On this he erected substantial
buildings. In politics !Mr. Myers is a Demo-
crat.

John W. !Myers was twice married. His
first wife was Emily Reed ; they had children :
I. William, died when si.xtecn years old; II.
John Keed, born February 4, 1855, was edu-
cated in the district schools of Kent county,
Del., worked on the farm until he was nine-
teen, learned telegraphy and followed that oe-
oipation for two years, served as deputy
sheriff for a year, read law in Baltimore, Md.,
and is now an attorney-at-law in gocnl practice
in St. Louis, Mo., is married, and has three
children. ^Ii-s. Emily flyers died in Kent
county, Md., in 1857. On August 2, 1859,
John AV. ilyers was married to Elizabeth,
daughter of John A. and Elizabeth (Speer)
Jackson, born in Kenton hundred. ITer
mother was the widow of James Ilurlock.
By his second marriage John W . Myei-s li;us
children: I. Alary L. (A[i-s. (irandon Tieed),
of near Aliddletown, Aid.; II. James E., of
Chester, Pa.; III. Anna E. (Afre. AViUiam J.
Ketley), of AVilmington; IV. Emily K., nf
AVilminglon; A^ AValter C, at home; W.
Alargaret (AIi-s. (irayson), of Xew Castle,
Del.; VII. Hermann If., of Philadelphia.
Air. AIyci-3 attends the Af. E. church of Plack-
iston X Koads.

AVILLIAAI SHAWN JONES, P. O. Ken-
ton, J\ent county, Del., son of James and
Anna (Crockett) Jones, was born at Prenford,
iCent county, Del., Janmiry 30, 1830.

]lis grandfather was John Jones, who was
born in Delaware, followed agricultural pur-
suits, and married Pebecca . Among

his children were: I. Josiah, married and died
in Penn.-iylvania; II. Isaac, married Ellen
Pierce, and died near Kenton; his widow
reached the age of ninety-eight, and died in
Smyrna; III. James.

James Jones was born at Sandtown, in Sus-
sex county, near Alilfurd, Alay 10, 1800.
There he spent his youth. AVhilo he was yet
an infant his parents died, and ho was placed
in the care of strangers, until he was old
enough to be bound out. His lines fell in
hard places; his master was severe, and
whipped the little fellow without reason or
mercy, and his mistress was unfeeling. AVhen
some of the friends of his parents learned of
this cruel treatment, they fouiul another
home for liim. AVith siieh early sun-ound-
ings, it is not surjirising that James Jones did
not attend school, and he had attained man-
hood before ho learned to read and write. As
a boy, he was a very capable farm laborer,
and received the wages usually paid to a man,
$G per month. For a number of years he
worked for "Aunt Polly" Farsons, near Bren-
ford. After his marriage he leased the Sever-
son fann, of that vicinity, and later purchased
the fann on which William S. Jones now re-
sides. James Jones was highly esteemed in
his community, and was familiarly called
''Uncle Jimmy." He was a AVliig, and after-
ward a PepulJican, and was elected to a num-
ber of offices in Duck Creek hundred. James
Jones married Anna (Crockett) Train, widow
of James Train; their children were: I. John
C., married Elizabeth Bailey, widow of an
uncle of Airs. AVillia7n Shawn Jones, and died
on the Bailey farm, near Iventon; II. James
E., married ilary Jones, a ciiusin, and re-
sides in Philadelphia; III. AViUiam Shawn;
IV. Isaac, married Henrietta Attix, resides
in Philadelphia; Y. Joseph, died when a
youth; A^I. Eliza (Airs. John Parker), w-idow,
of Ilartly, Kent county; A' 1 1. Edward F.,
married Alartha Lofland, resides in Kenton
hundred. AIi-s. Anna Jones died A[arch 5,
1859, aged sixty-one. James Jones after-
wards married Catharine A. Pui-se, of Kenton,

i

I

i>

STATE OF DELAWAHE

7G1

DeL Mr. Jones died on his ostare in 1ST3.
in Iiis sovenry-fonrth year: Iii* t^iow died in
Kencon ititudrc-d. Mr. Jone; was a member
Of the M. E. eiiureh-

Wlien Wiiliam Shawn Jones was bnt a
month oil!, his parents, removed to tlie Xeod-
Lam farm, on which he now iives. and which
hi; father afterwards iwmrht When old
enoHjrh i't "^ork, he had time for onij the
winter sessions of schoiii: hue every aav in
the ichi»Ir«joni was prc-ntscle to him. He
attendei the old "Alle^r" school, the Xelson
schovi. and one in Kenton. He was pron-
cient in ail his branches, and fond of all. ex-
cept Ens; ishsr;"':? - — ': - -::e-i, and.
pc'ssiLiV ij-r tii,. Ai^^er its

mies and f:.m.r _ : ^ .. __ . n^r this,

he wrcte Fngiish cott&tAj and spoke it well,
and his school eomposdons -^ere axwajs veiy
satisfactory to his instmctor. Sixty years
ago. the v-'i-ntiitiotts of the farmeis" ^ife driJered
moch fr»:m those of i.>day. and Mr. Jjnes
takes pleistire in recaHins then. His zn.:-ruer
sptm tie "vooi &r his winter garments, and
the dax for his snnaner suits, wove the eioth.
and made ais raiment. C^ne of ihe institutions
oi the ptriod was the "tias-ptiliinff" st the
various h^ rises, and tho>se nr^ded over bv
Mrs. Jones "rere events .oni: rememhtred.
Frttm miles aF«>tmd aathert'i "'- ""•■■- i^.d
lases to help in the wjrk and t: .t

time, the jollier for the andoiz^ .: \:.e

rich pnddrngs ana other stxKi tilings ilrs.
Jones had prepared for than. ^:T!"j— .
Shawn Jones was net of larae statnrt.
.3 ».:

was niTtsotijar

still a h«"jy. tock
3eids. He sti: - .
ftnronffhs and it^t

'.zn. tne men is. tae
plcws throngh the
<rrvie thrmish the

gram in <>3mpany with hi~ eJiers. Parden-
iar!y skflfai was he as a erad'er. and he was
never .ert oetiind cy tie s'vtn^cins rows of
men in tneir j^>timevs acotit tie Qeids. TTi~

father 'vas natnraE'v i arro-i sin:jer. utit in earlv

aDcear

inherit his

life, ■^illiani did
lalent-

Unti! he was twenty-one yeais old. "WlZIiam
Shawn -T-ines c»innntied in the emciov -.f his
rather -an the farm; then he leased ':!l~ Other's
farm in "the Fonew"' for several years^ and
afte-rwari ■.oropie'i the G-^^hk- W. Cruxmrnsi
farm fjr sixteen years. Aft-er the death of
his father, in 1S73. "William Sha^rn J;nes ad-
nunr-ccrfc-t on his estate and iitErenas.;-«i tie

homestead, to which he has since added a
number of acres. He raises grain and fruit,
and has bc*n a successful farmer. In politics
he was arst a Whig, then a Republican, and
is now a Prohibitionist.

In 1S51 William Shawn Jones married
Frances A., daughter of James Sipple. Their
chilJnen art?: I. Alfrerl. a railroad emplovee,
married a daughter of John Youns; H.
Charles, ranchman in the west, marrie-i there.
Mrs. Frances A- -Jones died in 1S55. In 1S57
William Shawn Jones married Sarah Ellen,
daughter of William W. and Ann (Bailev)
Xelson. of Kenton hundred, and bad children:
L W iiliam W.. farmer, of Kent countv, mar-
ried Auna LnJerwocd: II. Ge-inie F.. piano
liealer. Dover, married Anna Lodand; III.
John, at work in a factory in Dover, married
Lydia Voshell; IV. Anna, married Henry
Roes. farmer, of Kent coimty: V. Mary (Mrs.
Wiiiiam S. IlapJcastJe », of Cheswold, Del.;
VI. Elizabeth F.. at home: ^^I. Ella (ifrs.
David C. Hotfeokeri. of Clavton. Del.: VIII.
Sarah Baiiey (Mrs. James D. Pram, of Ken-
ton. Dei. ifr. -J:nes is a member of the M. E.
churt-h of Kenton, and a steward and trustee
'f the congregation. He was converted when
he was twelve yc-ars old. and for dfrv-fonr
years has been cwmectei with the church as
an active, faifhfn! meml<-r.

ROBERT T. J. BARBEP^ M. D.. Har-
rington. DeL. son of Rod-ert T. and Dorsev
A. i Penn Barber, "vas bom near CLaptieo.
St. ilary's county, Md.

II; is i I-^Tt. lant of families which contrib-
" '-.e history of Pennsvlvania,
- - Virginia. His grtat-grand-

z^i^iiT. ^iijit .'. hite Earler. was a resident of
^ irginia and die'i there. He was married to
Diana, dangfeter of Rot.ert and Judith (Vt/y-A)
King. iir*-. Barber died in Virginia at the
age of eighty-ax years. Walter Barber, son
of Laic Vhitc- Earb*fr, and grandfather of
Roijert T. J. Barijer. was bom in Virginia,
c nt r^-BBove*! to St. ilar%-'s connty. Md.. when
a "onng man. There he enga»«d in the cnlti-
Tsri'-n "f "'>J:a<'-<-<'-. and o-wr^f-d a large nnmber
of slaves. He was married erst to Mary Wain-
■striaut: rhc-y had fw(> son~: I. Crf-ftrsK. who
die»i in Warsaw. Mo., in 1*%;*: II. Luke, who
die.i in Soath Carolina. Walter Barbers
second wife wa.« ilaria Thomas, of Sr_ ifary's
'■-onnty. if!.: their children we-r*^: I. Ro.'oert

•V 1

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I , .^,r)

70-:

BIOORAPIIICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

T. ; II. Philip, who died young; 111. Walter,
2, of Phihulelphia; IV. Elizabeth (-Mrs.
James T. Oox), died in St. Alary's county,
:?ild. Walter Barber, Sr., died in St. [Mary's
eiiunty, .Md., in lS;i2. His widow married
William St. Clair, of St. ilary's comity; they
had four children: 1. Alarion; II. Chapman;
III. Lewis; IV. Edward.

IioUert T. Barber was born on the old home-
stead in St. Mary's county, Md., in 1S24, and
received a good education in the district
seiiools and at Charlotte Academy. He was
reared a farmer, and devoted much of his land
to the cultivation of tobacco. Like his father,
he possessed many slaves. Robert T. Barber
was married firet to !Mary ^Littingley, of St.
[Mary's county, Md. Their children were: I.
Josephine (ili-s. Koble L. I'eun), died in St.
[Mary's county, iu 189G, leaving a large
family; II. Mai-ia (Mi-s. PI. T. liowe), of
Charles county, [Md., has three children, i.
Jesse, a minister of the gospel, ii. II. W. B.,
physician, iii. Thomas, a teacher; III.
Jennie (Mrs. J. W. Simpson), of Baltimore,
has four sons. [Mrs. [^[aly Barber died in
ISDS, and [Mr. Barber married, secondly, Dor-
sey A., daughter of Henry and Elizabeth
(Jolin.=on) Penn, born in St. [Mary's county, in
IS^lJl. Their living children are: I. Chloo
liebecea Ophelia (Mrs. Prof. C. Bruce Bar-
ber), of Virginia, has three children; II. Ly-
dia C. K. ([Mrs. Vestor Golden), of Charles
county, Md., widow; III. Caroline (Mrs. J.
1". Wampler), died in Front Royal, Virginia,
in 1S80; IV. Robert T. J.; V. EfHe E. (Mrs.
E. W. Burroughs), of St. [Marv's county; VI.
[.Martha [M. ([Mrs. Z. [M. Fowler), resides on
the homestead. Other children died 3'oung.
[Mr. Barber's children numbered seventeen.
liobert T. Barber died April 7, 1890, aged
seventy-two years. He was a member of the
[^^. E. chui-ch south, an active Christian work-
er, a deaeou in the congregation, and super-
intendent of the Sunday-school.

On the maternal side Dr. Barber is des-
cended from William Penn, who was his
great-gi-eat-grandfather. [Mrs. Robert T. Bar-
ber's full name was Doi-sey Ann Elizabeth
Jnne Yates Penn, her grandfather was John
Penn, a grandson of the tiret proprietor of
Pennsylvania. He was married to Eleanor
Ilutton, of Charles county, ild. They had
twenty-one children. One of these children
was Henry Penn, who was born in Pennsyl-

vania, but removed to St. [\[ary's county, Md.,
iu early nuuihood. In that county he became
an extensive planter. Henry Penn married
Elizabeth Johnson, of Virginia, a relative of
Presiilent Juhnson. 'i'hey had children: L
Charles, a M>ldier iu the -Mexican \\'ar, died
in ISUO near Budd's Creek, Md.; 11. Dcrscy
Ann ([Mrs. Robert T. Barber). Henry Pciiu
died on his plantiition near Port Tobacco,
Charles county, -Md.

Robert T. J. Barber attended the public
schools of St. -Mary's count}', [Md., until he was
fifteen years old. Inthe suceeedingyear, he was
a pupil in Bethel Military Academy in Fa-
quier county, Va., and proved especially apt
in militaiy tactics. Afterward he entered the
Charlotte Hall State [\Iilitary school and com-
pleted a three years' coui-se in that institution,
ranking high in his class, and being g-raduated
in ISSl. In addition to the curriculum of
that school, studied Greek, Latin, (ieruum,
chemistry and other special branches. During
the latter portion of his school term, he was
cajDtain of Company A, of the school batta-
lion. After his graduation. Dr. Barber spent
one year at home, and then matriculated in the
College of Physicians and Surgeons in Balti-
more, where he took four general courses and
one special course in surgery. In ^farch,
188G, he obtained his degree of M. D. Dr.
Barber began the practice of his profession in
Farmington, Del., and afterwards established
himself in Harrington, where he has for a
number of years ft)und a wide field for his
talents. He has always taken an active interest
in military affairs, due in part to his academi-
cal training. He was orderly sergeant of Com-
pany G, First Regiment, [Rational Guard of
Delaware, of Harrington, and in April, 1S9S,
was appointed assistant surgeon of the regi-
ment. Dr. Barber is a member of the follow-
ing organizations: Farmington Lodge, I. O.
O. F. ; Harrington Council, No. 4, Jr. 0. IT.
A. M.; :\lispillion Conclave, [NTo. 33, L O. II.;
Harrington Lodge, [N"o. 15, A. O. U. W.;
:\Iingo Tribe, Xo. 31, L O. R. M., and Har-
rington Lodge, Xo. 65, Home Forum. He is
a supporter of the Pi'ohibition party and a
heart v ad\'ocate of its doctrines.

On January 10, LsS5, Robert T. J. Bar-
ber was married to Lucie, daughter of Jona-
than and ^lar}' E. (Bonti) Hayden, Ijorn Octo-
ber 27, 1801, "near Chai)tico, Md. Their chil-
dren are: I. Violet L., bom December 30,^

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STATE OF DELAWARE

7G5

1SS7; 11. Helen E., bom :Mareli 10, IS'JO;
III. -^^:ll■y, bom June 22, i«'J4, died .July
1'. 18'J4. Mvi. Lucie Barber died July 7, 18^4.
Ill \S[>b iJr. IJarber married ilary A. JIaydeu,
a sister of his tii-st wife. Dr. ItarlnT is a
ineiiiljer of the !M. E. church.

JA:MJ';S D. AVEST, M. D., Harrington,
Del., son of Isaac Collins and Xancy Hill
(Deriekson) AVest, was born in Erankfonl,
JSaltiniore luindred, Sussex county, Del., Xo-
veniber 10, ISoS.

On the paternal side Dr. West is of English
descent. His great grandfather was bom in
A'irginia, and came to Delaware when a young
man. His grandfather was Ezekiel West, a
farmer of llaltiniore Inindred, Sussex coun-
ty, who married Eliza Tunnell, of Baltimore
hundred. Their children were: I. Ezekiel, 2,
was for several years a sailor, and then settled
in the west; II. Elizabeth (.Mrs. AVharton),
died in Ifjwa; III. Isaac Collins. !Mr. AVest
died in lialtiniore hundred while compara-
tively young. His widow niamed ^Ir.
Evans, of I'altiniore luindred. 'i'hey had one
child, John, deceased.

1,-aac ( 'ullins AVest, younger son of Eze-
kiel West, was born in Daltimore hundred in
1^0."). In his youth he learned blacksmithing,
and carried on that occupation for many
years. He was well known in his trade, and
highly esteemed as a citizen. Isaac Collins
AVest was nuirried to Nancy Hill Deriekson,
born in Sussex county in 1812. Their chil-
dren are: I. Sarah (^^frs. liev. James Alc-
Laughlin), diwl in Maryland; 11. (ienrge
II., fanner of Ocean View Del., mar-
ried Annie E. Tunnell; 111. Elizabeth L.,
died in Baltimore liun<lred; V. James I).;
A'l. Isaac D., M. D., of Dallas, Texas, mar-
ried .Mollie Slay; YII. Ezekiel, deceased.
Isaac C. AVest died in Baltimore hundred in
1N77 ; his widow died at Ocean A^iew in 1SS5.
He was an active member of the il. E. church.

Until he was eighteen yeai-s old, James D.
AVest remained at home, assisting his father
in his blacksmith shop and on the farm, and
attending the district schools a portion of eacli
year, 'i'lie story of liis life is the old one of
the ambition and prrscvcrance of the Ameri-
can boy, and his ultimate triumph over seem-
ingly unconquerable difficulties. Though
]ioor, he was detennined to study for a jiro-
fosion, and while he worked on his father's
43

farm and in the forge, ho was devising means
to gratify his desire. At night he pored over
such books as he could obtain, and taught him-
self the rudiments of medical science. Then
he secured a position in a drugstoie in Alil-
I'ord, and afti-r a time entered the Eclectic
Alcdical College in I'hiladeliiliia. Eroin this
institution he was graduattnl in IHClii, after
Inning earned every cent of money required
to support him while he pui-sned his stiidies.
He began the practice of his profession in
Centreville, Sussex comit}', Del.; later he
removed to Boxana, Del., and in ISSl came
to Harrington. Here he has resided for the
past seventeen j'lOars, has acquired a largo
practice, and won the lasting esteem of his
iieighboi-s as a skilled physician and a kindly.
Christian gentleman. Dr. AVest is active in the
cause of I'rohibition, and was the candidate
of the Prohibition party for the Delaware
legislature in ISUC.

On July 1, 1SG8, I)r James D. AVest was
married to 7\nnie Bickards, wiilow of his
brother, ICzekiel L. AVest. Their children
are: I. Edith {^Shs. Henry ilatthcws), of Phil-
adelphia; II. Isaac v., of Dallas, Texas, trav-
eling saletsman, married Clariiida A. Carter;
111. James D., Jr., died in 18!>7, aged twen-
ty-four years. Dr. AVest is a meiiiijcr of the
Al. E. church.

TEBREXCE C.USTAA^US BILEA', ^I.
D., Harrington, Del., son of Terrence AVeed
and Emily A. (Elgin) Biley, was born in
AVasliington, D. C, November, IStjf).

Terrence Biley, grandfather of Dr. Biley,
was a native of A'irginia. AVlien yet a young
man he went to Brooklyn, N. Y., and estab-
li>hed there a wholesale grocery house. After-
ward he removed to AVasliington, D. C, and
engaged in the manufacture of paper boxes.
His business career in that city was iirosjK^rous,
and in his later years be retired to his beau-
tiful country estate in his native county, Fair-
fax, A"a., near ]\It. A'crnon. Terrence Biley
was twice married. His fii-st wife was Sophia
]\Iiller. His second wife was ]\Iary Elizabeth
Beers, of Alexandria, A'a. Their children are:
I. Terrence AVeed; 1 1. Alexander, of Alexan-
dria, A^n; HI. Lydia (Mrs. Sp.,tToid); IV.
Irving, of Alexandria, A'a.

Ten-ence Weed Biley was born in the Dis-
trict of Columbia, in 18.'53. He received a
good jiractical ediiafioii, and after reaching

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TUG

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

iiiiiiiliood estaLlislu'd a whok-salu coffee and
siik-e house, luid built the tirst coffee roitstiug
mill iu the iJistiict of Columbia, lie was
l)rogrodjivo aud far sighted, and his high seuae
of lioiior and attract ive personal qualititvs made
liiui very pupidar. Ten-eiice Weed Kiley
was mari-ied to Juuily A. Elgin, born in Vir-
ginia, and a lady of much culture. Their chil-
dren are: I. Katherine (Ali-s. William E.
Thompson), of the District of Columbia; II.
'J'errenee Custavus; III. !iMinnie S., at home.
Mr. Kiley died January 2, 1S75; his widow
resides in Wa>hington.

Terreiice Custavais Kiley attended the pub-
lic schools of Washington until he was seven-
teen years old. lie was studious and diligent.
After a coui-se in the preparatory department
of Columbia College, ho entered the sopho-
more class; from that college he went to the
University of Pennsylvania, where he was
graduated from the medical department in
18SS. Dr. Kiley began practice in Washing-
ton, and remained there until ISLt^i, when he
came to Harrington; here his skill and care-
ful attention to his patients soon rendere<.l him
a po])ular practitioner. IIo is a member of the
Di?trict of Cohnniiia ^Medical Association.

On April 10, ISUO, Dr. Terrence C.ustavus
Kilej' was manned tii Lois B., daughter of Eli
and ilary (Harrington) Callaway, of near
Earmington, Del. Their children are: I.
Ciordon; II. Horace. Dr. Kiley attends the
Eaptist church.

W. P. :Mc1vOWN, D. D. S., Harrington,
Del., son of William A. and Sarah B. (Taylor)
McKown, was born in Smyrna, Del., -June 4,
1S57.

William ]\IcKown, grandfather of W. P.
]\IcKown, was a native of Herkimer county,
N. v., of Scotch descent, and a soldier in the
v.-ar of 1812. William ilcKown, his son, was
bom in West Winfield, Ilci-kimer county, N.
Y. "When he was twenty-five years old, he
went to Xewark, Del., where he studied den-
tistry with Dr. .E. W. Harries. After he had
conijileted his i)rofessional training, he began
practice in Smyrna, Del., and remained there
until his death. He was an eminent dentist,
and his .'^ucctss was quickly established and
continuous. Dr. William A. ]\[cKown was
married to Sarah B., daughter of Thomas and
Elizalipth Tavlor, a meudior of a prominent
Philailelphia family. Tluy bail (.nc rbijd, W.

P. Dr. ilcKown died September 11, lhl)2,
aged seventy -five years; .Mrs. .McKown died
in Smyrna June -4, 18S7, aged seventy-one.

W. P. McKown was a pupil in the public
schools of Smyrna until he was nineteen years
old, and afterward matriculated at Xewark
College, from which institution he was grad-
uated at the age of twenty-two. During his
school days he had s])ent much of his leisure
time in his father's dental office, and had ac-
quired much knowledge of the i)rofe.'-sion.
^\fter his graduation from Newark Ccjllege,
he completed his education in dentistry under
his father's instructions, and in 1885, after
passing a creditable examination, received a
diplonui as a practitioner, under the old law.
He immediately began practice in Smyrna,
and remained there until 1891, when he went
to Seaford, Del., for two years, and then came
to Harrington; here he has acquired an envi-
able reputation as a dentist. ^Ir. .McKown
is a successful champion of the priiicipics of
the Democratic party.

On SeiJtember 12*, 1894, in Seaford, Del.,
Dr. W. P. JMcKown was married to Anna,
daughter of John and Jennie (Melvin) Brad-
ford, born in Aeconuick count}', Va. Their
children are: I. William P., decea.sed; II.
Eranklin Jennings, b(jrn September 11, TSlMi.
Dr. .Mclvown is a consistent menil)er of the
J\I.E. church.

EKEDEKICK J. OWENS, ]\I. D., Har-
rington, Del., son of John P. and .Mary
(James) Owens, was born in .Milfurd, Drl.,
November 13, 1822.

His i)aterna] grandfatlier was William H.
Owens, who was born in Dorchestor countv,
!Md., and was a farmer. He nnirried Jane,
daughter of John Polk, known as "(h-eat John
Pulk," on account of his being a prominent
man. He resided at Siissex county, Del. He
was distantly related to President James K.
Polk. Jane (Polk) Owens, at the time of her
marriage, owned in her own right the greater
lun-tinn of St. Johnstown, Del., which it is
believed she inherited from her father. Wil-
liam II. anil Jane (Polk) Owens had childriMi:
I. Ji.lm P.: TL Eleanor (]\Irs. Samuel Ked-

din); III. Ketura (Mrs. Travis), died

in T.ouisiaiui, from the effects of a fall from a
hi.rs..; IV. Elizabeth; V. AVilliam, di.<l in
early maidiood. ^Ir. and !Mrs. AVilliam II.
r)wens ilinl in St. Jrilinsto\\ni, Del. They

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STATE OF DELAWAIiE

767

wvvc ilovout Christians, and Mrs. Owens was
a nienibcr of the Presbyterian church. David
Owens, a brother of William 11. Owens, was
for a time a successful merchant at Milford,
Del., but sutfered business reverees and re-
moved to Baltimore, JId. There he re-en-
gaged in mercantile pursuits, and acquired a
large trade. Subsequently lie returned to ilil-
ford and paid all his indebtedness, lie was a
local preacher in the if. E. cluircli.

Isaiah James, maternal grandfather of Dr.
Frederick J. Owens was born in England.
"While yet a young man he came to America,
and settled in Accomack county, Va. His
three brothers accompanied him to America
but after a short time they separated. Isaiah
went northward, and was one of the first to
make his home in Milford, Del. Here he en-
gaged extensively in tanning and in the gen-
eral merchandise business. He became
wealthy. Isaiah James married ifary Ens-
sell, of Sussex county, Del. Their oidy sur-
viving child was ilary (Mrs. John P. Owens),
to whom i[r. James left his fortune. Isaiah
James died in Milford at the age of thirty-
seven years. He was a member of the Society
of Friends.

John P. Owens, M. D., father of Dr. Fred-
crick J. Owens, was born in St. Johnstown,
Sussex county, Del, in 17S7. He attended
subscription schools, and later the Latin school
in ililford, Del., of which a P. E. rector was
principal. Among his schoolmates were Drs.
iLofland and Burton, the latter aftei-wards
governor of Delaware. Yoiing Owens was a
lioy who did not brook restraint unless from
his parents. It is told of him that once being
otfendcd because a teacher reprimanded him,
he discussed the affair with his schoolfellows
and then went home and told the housekeeper
of his troubles and his resentment. She ad-
vised him to return to the school room before
his mother should arrive at home and use her
slipper ui>on him; he took the advice, but it
cost him an effort to put himself under the
control of the teacher again. After complet-
ing his studies, he decided u]ion a medical
career, and began reading medicine with Dr.
James Sudler, of ililford. Afterwards he at-
tended the medical department of the ITniver-
sitv of Pennsylvania, and was graduated about
1810. He began practicing in ^^lilford, and
met with much success during many years.
Afterward he practice<l in Frederica, again in

^lilford. then in Philadelphia and a third time
in Alilford. Having exchanged his property
in the latter place for a farm, he resided upon
it fur a number of years, engaged for a part
of the time in teaching school. Dr. Owens
was possessed of much wealth in his earlier
yeai-s, but lost it through over-conlidence iu
some of his acquaintances. About 1810 John
P. Owens married j^Tary, daughter of Isaiah
and ^lary (Kussell) James, of Sussex county,
J)el. They had children: I. AVilliani Henry,
deceased; II. Isaiah, died young; III. John,
deceased; IV. Edwin, deceaseil; V. ifary
Jane, deceased; VE Frederic J.; VIE Isaiah,
2; YHI. Franklin O.; IX. Elizabeth Dashiell
(Mrs. Josiah .Martin); X. Sarah M. (Mrs.

Howaril), of Burlington, Iowa; XL

Harriet, and XII. ^laria, twins, deceased.
^tir. Owens died in ]\Iilford, in April, 1844.
His wife was carefully educated and of strong
personality. She attended the home schools
ill her girlhood, and was aftcnvards a pupil at
Lewes. Her father bequeathed her a fortune,
and the state chancellor enrolled her as a pupil
in JIi-s. ^lallon's select school for young ladies
in Philadelphia. This school was patronized
by the wealthiest people of that period; among
the fellow ])upils of JMiss James were the
daughters of General C^adwalader and Gen-
eral Pattei'son. There ^iiss James completed
her education, for which the chancellor paid
]\Iiss JMallon $1,800. ]\Ii3s James became
particularly proficient in French, music and
painting, and when in later years she estab-
lished a select school for young ladies in ]\ni-
ford, she had many pupils, her income
amounting to $1,000 per year. ^Irs. Owens
was a devoted wife and mother, and gave much
of her time to the education of her children.
Frederick J. Owens received his educa-
tion from his mother and in the select and
public schools, completing his studies when
he was twenty-one years old. During the
six years of the family's residence on a farm,
he was manager for his father. When he
lift the farm he :^ecurc<l a clerkshii)
in Atkins lirothers store, in ]\[ilford.
A year later he entered the employ of
Curry i.^' Davis. He was not, however, satis-
fied with ]\Iilford. He wanted a l)roader field,
and armed with letters of introdu(>tiou, went
to Philadelphia with only $5.00 in his pockets,
liiit with an earnest deteniiination to make his
(iwn way, and that as ra]iidly as possible. Ho

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BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

■walked from end to end of Market street, eu-
deavoring to obtain a position, and finally se-
cured a clerkship in a wholesale and retail
store. After sjiending some time very profit-
ably in the city, ilr. Owens removed to Wil-
mington, Del., wliei'e lie was a clerk fur a year.
For the next two and a half years he was en-
-gagcd in teaching in public schools in J\Iil-
ford; he then conducted a select school in ilil-
ford for a year. "With a P. E. rector he en-
deavored unsuccessfully to establish a select
school in Lewes. Then he was principal of a
school in Seaford, Del., where one uf his
pupils was the late Congressman Edward Alar-
tin, of Delaware. Ho aftenvards taught in
various jilaees, and read medicine with liis
father and with Dr. Joseph B. Sudler and Dr.
James K. Alitchell, attendctl lectures at the
l'liiladel})liia Cullcge of Aledicine, and was
graduated in 1S53. lie practiced very ac-
ceptably in Frankfort and Guniboro, Del., and
in -Ma}', 1857, settltHl in Harrington.

On May 8, 1SG3, Dr. Owens was commis-
sioned by Governor Cannon as assistant sur-
geon in the First Kegimcnt, Delaware Volun-
teer Infantry. lie served at the battle of
Ciettysburg, the engagement at Auburn, Octo-
ber 1-1, 1S(j3, at Bristow Station, Va., on the
same day, and at Aline Ilun, in December,
1SC3. He returned home on a thirty days'
furlough, but was almost immediately ordered
to "Wilmington to examine men for re^'ulist-
ment. The regiment to which he was assigned
went into winter quarters at Brarulywine
Springs, and Dr. Owens suffered much from
cold and exposure. In the spring of ISG-i ho
went with the regiment to the front, and was
a participant in the battles of the Wilderness,
Sj)Ottsylvania, Tleams' Station, Cold Harbor
and Petersburg. Then he was appointed to
the examining board with headquarters at
Carlisle, Pa., and later Wiis placed in charge of
the Sixteenth Begiment Veteran Bescrvcs
at Philipsburg, Pa., and renniincd in the ser-
vice until X(i\'endier, 1SG5, when he was dis-
charged.

Dr. Owens resumed practice at Alilford, re-
moved a year later to Vernon, Del., and fi-
nally in 18.S3 to Harrington, where he erected
his ju'csent residence. He is a member of the
Delaware State Aledical Society, and of Cai>-
tain P. C. Carter Post, ISTo. 19, (!. A. B., of
Harrington. In his political views he is a
Bejiublican.

On December 8, 18G1, Dr. Frederick J.
Owens was married to Alargaret C, daugiitcr
of Nathaniel C. and Alatilda (Bussell) Powell,
born in .Mis[)i!!i(in liuudred, Kent counts',
Del., April L';i, 1S41. 'i'hey have children: 'l.
Frederick B., born October 28, 18(jl', became
a school teaciier, studied law at Denton and
afterwards at Dover under Henry Johnson,
Haq., and was admitted to the bar in Denton,
practiced four yeaiis in Baltimore, and is now
associated ^nth his lirotlier-in-law, William
11. Dewces, in tlie practice of medicine in
Denton; II. Natilla (Mrs. William H. De-
wees). Dr. Owens is a member of the Bap-
tist church.

Xathaniel C. Powell, father of Airs. Owens,
was born in Alaryland. AVhcn he was two
yeare old he removed with his parents ti) tlie
vicinity of Ilan'ington. He was well-edu-
cated, and achieved prominence in bu.'iiness
and political circles. For two sessions he
served in the legislature; he was highly es-
teemed both as a public official and as a jn-i-
vate citizen. He was first a Whig and after-
ward a Bepnblican. Air. Powell was twice
married. His first \v\fc died in 1SG7, aged
fifty-six years. They imd children: I. Pu-
laski N.,'a veteran of the Civil War; II. Alar-
garet G. (Airs. Frederick J. Owens; III. Wil-
liam, died in infancy. After the death of his
first wife Air. Powell married Sarah Calloway,
of Harrington.

The grandfather of Airs. Owens was George
Powell. He was born in Alaiwland, and was a
farmer. He married Alary Hall, also a native
of Alarjdand. They had children: I. Wib
liam H., a ])romincnt politician, man-ied Su-
san Short, died in Harrington; II. Natlianiel
C; III. Elizabeth (Airs. Jones), died in Ilar-
nngton; IV. John, nnirrie<l (Catherine Daw-
son, resides in Philadelphia; V. James B. B.,
was a mend)er of the legislature, married
Alary A. Beddin, died in Farmington, Del.
His widow resides in Kansa.s City, Mo. .Mr.
Bowcll and his wife died near Ilarring-ton.

GEOBGE AIIFFLIN DALLAS IIAB-
BINGTON, Harrington, Del., son of Wil-
liam D. and Sarah (Dowidiam) Harrington,
was born near Felton, Kent county, Di-b.
January 14, 1847.

The history of Air. Harrington's paternal
ancestry' is given in the sketch of his brother,
Jomithan S. Harrington, of Viola. His ma-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

7G9

tcriial ancostoi-s wero meniliers of the old and
well known Downhain family of Delaware.

Ct. -M. D. Harrington ^Yas born on the old
Virden fann, a mile north of Felton, where
he lixed niitil he was thirteen years old; his
parents then removetl to C'anterhui-y. He was
edneatcd in the public sehook and in Fort Ed-
wai'd, Aeadeniy. At the ago of fifteen he se-
cured employment on the farm of James Pos-
tles, and remained there nearly a year. On
]\lareh IG, lSti4, he enlisted in Coni-
j)aiiy (1, Fii-st Keginient, Delaware
Cavalry. On July 3, of the follow-
ing year the regiment was dishanded
and young Karrington returned to his
home and assisted in the support of his mother,
his father having died. During 1800 and a
part of 1807, he served an apprentieeshi]) in
the jewelry store of Burgess l^escallett, and in
the spring of the latter year engaged in tiio
jewelry business for himself in Frederica, con-
tinuing in the same until 1880, when he dis-
posed of it with the jiurpose of going west
with a brother who resided near Viola. This
project was abandoned, and he returned to his
trade, ])ursuing which he traveled through
the country, carrying on his business in
various ]ilaces until 1883, when he established
himself in Wilmington. Five years afterward,
he went to Felton, iuul after conducting a
store there in ISSS and 1889, came in 1890
to Harrington, where he has since remained,
enjoying a profitalde trade as a jeweler. He
is an enterprising citizen and an esteemetl resi-
dent of the t(jwn. In politics ^Ir. Harring-
ton is a standi Kepublican.

On May 30, 1893, George 11. D. Harring-
ton was married to Xora Afay, daughter of
Captain Joseph anxl Caroline (ilorgan) Taylor.
Mrs. Harrington was bom at Seaford, Del.
y\r. Harrington is a member of the M. E.
church.

WILLIAM C. QUILLEN, Han-ington,
Del., son of John and Sarah Ann (Frazier)
Quillen, was born near l\Iilford, Kent countv,
Del., :\fareh 28, 1838.

The Quillen family is of Irish descent, and
lias resided in America for more than a cen-
tury, the earliest settler liaving crossed the
Atlantic before tlie Ivevolutionary war. Wil-
liam Quillen, grandfather of William C. Quil-
len, was bom in the vicinity of Douglass Mills,
7\eiit county, Del. He was a farmer, and for

many years lived four miles from ililford, in
iMilford hundred. He was prominent in his
community; in politics he was a Federalist.
William (Quillen married twice; by his lirst
marriage tliey had one son, liobert, who was
for many years a school teacher in Kent coun-
ty, and died in iMilford hundred. After the
death of his tirst wife, AVilliam (Quillen mar-
ried Sarah Calloway, who was born and reared
near Harrington. They had one son, John.
Mr. (Quillen died at the age of thirty -four
years. He was a member of the -M. E. church.
]\[i-s. Sarah Quillen lived to be ninety-si.K years
old, and died on the homestead farm.

John (^)iiilleu was born about 1811, near
Spring .Mills, Kent county, now owned by
T. 1!. Coursey. When he was a few months
old ids parents removed to .Milford hundred,
lie received a fair education in the district
schools, and taught school for several terms.
On the death of his father he inherited the
homestead property, on wdiicli he resided until
Ids death. He was an industrious farmer
and shrewd business man, and acquired a large
fortune for his day. Mr. Quillen was an
ardent supporter of the principles of the
Whig and afterward of the Kepublican party.
John Quillen was married to Sarah Ann Fra-
zier, id' ]\lilford hundred. They had chil-
dren: I. Phoebe (.Mrs. Zadoc Postles), died
on the old homestead; II. William C; III.
Sarah (Mi-s. J. W. Hammond), resides on the
homestead; IV. Lydia, deceased; V. James,
married Susan Brown. Mr. Quillen died in
ISSG; his wife died in 18S-1. He was a
mcniher of the M. E. cliurch.

William C. Quillen was bom and rearetl
on the homestead farm. During the winter
months he attended the Cedarliidd school ; in
summer he worked on the farm. When ho
was twenty-three years old, he began farm-
ing for himself on a leased tract of land in
ililford hundred. He continued there for six
yeai-s, and then conducted a general .store in
Vernon, Kent county, for five years. Dispos-
ing of his stock of goods, he removed to Lewes
and resided in that city for a year. In 1874
.Mr. (Juillen came to Han-ington, and pur-
cliasing a building here established himself
in the general merchandise business. Sub-
seiiuently he engaged in a commission and
phosphate eider]n'ise wdth W. T. Shai-]). This
partnership continued four years, and in
]\rarch, 1888, ]\Ir. Quillen returned to his

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770

BIOOBAPniCAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

fomier stand and has since conducted a gen-
eral business there. J\lr. Qui lien lias always
been much interested in the education of the
youth of his hundred, and his efforts have ma-
terially aidcKl in tlie improvement of the
schools, lie is a Republican

On Decend>er 2(5, ISUl, AVilliam C. Quil-
len was married to Sarah A. Sharp, of Alilford
'hundred, who died June, ISC.'J. On De-
cember 15, 1SC7, ]\lr. Quillen married Sarah
T. Cain of ]\[ispilliun hundred, Ivcnt county.
Their children are: I. iliunit', at home; II.
Wilbert, died aged nineteen; Ilf. Delema, at
home; IV. Emile 13., at home; V. Sarah Ann,
at home.

WILLIAM WAPLES DAY, ]\L D.,
son of Dr. Asbury ]\Iit(dicll and Catherine
(Waples) Day, was born in Farmington, June

II, 1865.

The Day family is of English descent. The
first member of whom there is any record was
AVilliam Day; his children wore: I. 1^-etty-
man; II. George; III. ilary; IV. !Margaret.
Prcttj-man Day was bom about the beginning
of the eighteenth century. It is not certain
wdien he came to vVmerica, but it is known that
he died in Delaware, Dccendicr 2[), 17G7.

lie was married to Abigail . Their

children were: I. John; IT. "William; III.
Xellie; IV. Mary; V. ilargaret.

John Day, great-great-grandfather of "Wil-
liam W. Day, was bom in Delaware about the
middle of the eighteenth century. His chil-
dren were: I. Prettyman, 2; II. ^lary; III.
Abbie; IV. Abigail; V. Neflie; VI. Eliza-
beth; VII. Euth. John Day died in Febru-
aiy, 1794; Mrs. Day died March 14, 1814.

Prettyman Day, 2, was bom November 14,
1772. lie married Sarah Bevens, born Febru-
ary 14,1775; their children were: I. John; II.
Abbie; IIL Rowland: IV. Sarah; Y. Han-
nah; VL Eliza; VI L Eli; VIIL Levin P.;
IX. Xancy; X. ilatilda. Prettyman Day
died Febniarv 15, 1818. Mrs. Dav dicxl Oc-
tober 5, 1842.

Levin B. Day, granduncle of William W^.
Day, was mari-ied to ^lary Conway. Their
cldldren were: I. Eliza A.; II. Lvdia O. ;

III. Henry II.; TV. John IL; V. Rowland B.;
VL Catherine; VII. William T.; VITI. Levin
B., 2; IX. ilary E.; X. Emma. Levin B.
Day died Xovember 5, 1870; ]\Irs. Duv died
September 25, 188.3.

John Day, son of Prettyman Day, 2, and
grandfather of William W. Day, was born in
Sussex county, Del., ]\larch 2^, 1790, and was
engaged in farming there throughout his life.
He married Airs. ^Margaret Hatton, a widow,
and had children: I. Emeliiie (ilrs. Eliaa Lof-
land); II. William AV., married llai'riet
Short; ILL John, 2, married Sallie A. Russell;
IV. Elizabeth, marrii'd John Cannon Short,
U. S. marshal at Wilmington, Del.; V. As-
bury ^litchell; VI. James IL, mamed La-
vinia Isaacs; \'ll. .NLiry (.Mi-s. G. K. Swain).
John Day died Alarcii 23, 1872; Mrs. Day
jtreceded him to the grave.

Asbury ]\litcliell Day was born near
Georgetown, Del., January 23, 1830. Dur-
ing his boyhood, he devoted the greater por-
tion of his time to labor in the fields or about
the barn, and spent only the remaining hours
in the school room. But he was an ambitio\is
student, and applied himself so diligently to
Ills books at home that he became prepared
for teaching, and had charge of a school for
several terms. Then he I'cad medicine under
Dr. II. F. Willis, in :\lillsboro, Del., and after-
ward pursued a eouree in the Albany ]\Iedical
College, Albany, N. Y. From this institution
he was gi'aduatcd Avith the class of 1800, and
practiced his profession in Farmington, Del.,
from that time until 1SS5, when his health
failed, and he was compelled to retire from
active diities. Subsctpiently he was post-
master of Farmington fur four ycai-s utuler
the adnunistration of President Harrison. He
was a Republican. On ilarch 10, 18(33, Dr.
Asbury ]\litehell Day was married to Cather-
ine A., daughter of William D. and ^Mary
(CJodwin) Waples, of Sussex county. Their
children are: 1. William "Waples; II. Clara AV.
(]\li-s. "Willis E. Hall), widow, Lom ilarcli
2'.), 18t;!J, resides in "Winston, X. C. Dr.
Day died Sejitember 4, 189(3; Mrs. Day died
Sejitember 21, 1883; Loth were active mem-
bci-s of the !M. E. church, and both were
bin-ietl in the cemetery near Harrington.

AVilliam AVaples Day attended the public
schools in Farming-ton until he was fifteen
years old, when he attended Conference
Academy at Dover. After a year spent as a
student there, he ])ass((l two years in Ritten-
house Academy, Philadel])liia, and then trav-
eled as a salesman for a wholesale drug house
of Philadeljihia for twelve months. About
that time bis father's health failiMl, and AVil-

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STATE OF DELAWARE

771

liam W. Day returned to I'aniiington, to as-
siiiiie for a short time tlie iiianagciiiciit of liis
drug store. In September, 188G, he matritu-
lated. at the College of Physicians and Sur-
geons in iJaltiniore, from which he wad grad-
uated in 3iarcli, 1888. For one year after,
be occupied an office in AVihuington, and in
1889 returned to practice in Fannington. Ho
is a popular and useful citizen. Dr. Day is a
member of Lodge Jlo. 24, A. O. U. W. He is
a stanch Uepuhlican, and is now postmaster of
Farmington, conducting the office in addition
to his medical jn-actice. He was appointed
to the office .^[arch 9, 1898.

On January U, 1891, Dr. William W. Day
was married to Kutli Carlisle, daughter of
Iiobert J. and Mai-tina (Tharp) Hill and
granddaughter of ex-Governor AVilliam
Tharp. Her parents reside near Farmiugton.
Dr. and ifrs. Day have one child, Kuth
"Waples, born Aug-^ist 25, 1893.

EDAVARD W. RUSSELL, Farmiugton,
Del., son of Isaac and jSTancy A. (Waller)
Russell, was born in Georgetown, Del., Febru-
ary 18, 1847.

His father, Isaac Russell, was born near
Georgetov.-u in 1805. He labored on the
farm and attended the district school during
his youth and then learned tanning at George-
town, and followed that trade until about
1842. For most of this time, he conducted
a tannery for John Richards, in Georgetown.
lu his later years he removed to It fann in
Georgetown iiundred. Ho was highly es-
teemed for his many good qualities, and was
an unwavering adherent of the Democratic
party. Isaac Russell Avas married to Nancy
A. Waller, of the neighborhood of (Jeorge-
towu. They had children: I. Sarah A. (Mre.
John R. Day), of AVilmington; II. William,
died aged twenty-two years; III. James M.,
a soldier in the Civil War; IV. Charles H.,
of Kent county, Del.; V. George ]\L, farmer,
resided near Georgetown; VI. Edward W.
!Mr. Russell died near Georgetown in 1877;
his widow died in 1891, aged eighty-three
years.

Edward W. Russell resided with his pai-onts
in Georgetown untillic was nine years old,
and then removed wath them to a farm near
Georgetown. As a boy he performed all tlir
duties that usually fall to the lot of a farm-
er's son. T'ntil he was sixteen years old, he

attended the district schools during the winter
months; afteiwards hit s]ient two years in the
(ieorgetown Academy. Then he learned teleg-
raphy with W. K. Hingham, in Georgetown,
'i'liere was no opening for him as an operator
at that place, and he was forced to content
himself, for a short time, \vith chance employ-
ments. He at last secured a jiosition as a re-
lief telegraph operator in Milfc.rtl, Del., and
in the summer of 187;i, was employed as regu-
lar operator at Ocean Grove, N. J. When the
season closed at that resort, he was transferred
to Salem, N. J., and remained there until the
following spring. Having made application
for a situation on the nniin line of the P., W.
i- B. R. R., he was, in 1874, appointed sta-
tion agent and telegraph operator at Farming-
ton, in which capacity he has given great sat-
isfaction. In addition to his duties at the
station, Mr. Russell is engaged in mercantile
business, and conducts a canning factory and
a basket nianufactoiy. He is a man of rare
business acumen, an indefatigable worker and
of genial disposition. ]\Ir. Russell is a Demo
crat, and has been elected to several offices in
Farmington. Edward W. Russell was mar-
ried to ilary E. Fisher, of Farmington. Their
children are: 1. Edward, died in infancy;
IL Alice; III. Howard; IV. Lester S.; V.
Xancy A. Mr. Russell attends the ]\L E.
church.

ROBERT J. HILL, P. O. Farming-ton,
Del,, son of "William and Margaret (Wallace)
Hill, was bom in :Milf(U-d, Del., July 29,
1S3G.

He is descended from Rowland Hill, a well-
known citizen of Delaware in the beginning
of the nineteenth century. His father, Wil-
liam Hill, was bom in Cedar Creek hundred,
Sussex county, near ]\Iilford, January 3, 18U5.
William Hill's ojiportunities for obtaining an
education were limited, but the active health-
fid life of the farmer's assistant fostered in
him sturdy characteristics of body and mind,
which made him a good and usefid citizen.
He remained on the farm until 1849, and in
that year removed to ]\Iilford and engaged in
the general merchandise business in partner-
ship with his son, Itobert J. Hill. TliMr as-
sociation continued until 1S08. Williain Hill
was marrieil to .Margaret, daughter of .lohn
and ]\rary 'Walhice, of :\!ilford, born in No-
vendior, 181 G. Their children are: I. Rol>-

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772

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

crt J.; II. Mary (Mrs. Dr. Nathan Pratt); III.
AVilliani, 2; IV. Thomas, of Wiliiuiigtuii, mar-
riwl Anna Sparks, of (Jueen Anne's county,
Md. :\Ir. Hill died in ]Milford, Xoveniber
18, 1877. Mrs. Kill died February 25, 1878;
botii were buried ia the P. E. graveyard at
Milford. Thev were consistent nienil>ers of
the P. E. church.

Iiobert J. Hill made good use of his early
educational opportunities. IFo attended the
district schools, and afterwards served a long
clerkship in the store of his uncle, Thomas
"Wallace. When he had obtained a knowl-
edge of business affairs, and while he was still
in his teens, his father removed from the
country to Milford, where they established
themselves in business together. After twen-
ty years they disposed of this store, and in
1SC8 Robert J. Hill removed to his wife's es-
tate near Fanningtou, which he has since cul-
tivated. Mr. Hill is a Ivepublican, but has
never desired to hold otHce.

On May 15, 1800, Robert J. Hill was mar-
ried to ^Martina, daugiitcr of ex-Governor AVil-
liam and Mary (Johnson) Tharp, of ^lilford,
Del. Their children are: I. William; II.
Robert Clark, married Sarah Donovan, has
one child, Robert C; III. Ruth (:\rrs. Dr.
William W. Day), of Farminglon, lias one
child, Ruth; IV. Henry; V. John Wallace;
VI. Harvey, ifr. Hill is a member of the
Presbvterian church.

REV. ISAAC GEIGER FOSXOCHT, ,
Farminglon, Del., son of Philip and Mary
(Horner) Fosnocht, was born near Geiger-
town, Berks county. Pa., September 27,
1848.

His ancestors came from Germany, and set-
tled in Berks county. Pa. His father, Philip
Fosnocht, was born in Pennsylvania, and was
a farmer and shoemaker. -When very young
he was left an orphan, and was bound out at
an early age. Before he attained his majority
he shipped before the mast, and continued
on the sea for several years. Aftenvard he
resided in Berks county, and in 18G1 removed
to S|)ringfield, Chester county. Pa. He was
a Republican. Philip Fosnocht married ifary
Horner. Their children were: I. Hannah,
died in infancy; II. William, of Pottstcjwn,
Pa., married Siisanna Geiger, has cliihlren, i.
Henry, ii Charles, iii. Elizabeth, iv. Sarah;
III. Allison, mercliant of -loanna Funiace,

Berks county, I'a., married firet Elizabeth
Woodward, and had children, i I^ewis, ii.
Sherman, iii. (jrant, iv. Rillie, v. Reynolds;
his second wife was ^[ary (ioheen, and they
had children, i. Charles, ii. Oscar, iii. Walter,
iv. Ralph, V. Blanche; IV. Josci)h D., de-
ceased, married ]\Iiss Sipe, and left several
children; V. Jacob, deceased, unmarried; VI.
Philip, deceased, married Elizabeth Heck;
Vil. ]\rartin Van Buren, served three years
as a heavy artilleryman in the Civil War;
VI II. Isaac Geiger; IX. John M., deceased;
X. Elizabeth, died aged eighteen; XI. George
Lvbrand, deceased, nuirried ^lary O'Xeill;
XII. Abraham, deceased; XIII. Emma,
deceased. ilrs. !Mary Fosnocht died in
Chester county, X'ovember t), 1887, aged
seventy-six years; her husband died April 12,
1888, aged seventy-seven yeai-s; both were
members of the !M. E. chureh.

Rev. Isaac Geiger Fosnocht spent his child-
hood on his father's farm in Berks county,
and attended the jniblic schools of the neigh-
borhood. His parents removed to Chester
county when he was fourteen yeai-s old. Af-
terward he was a pupil in the Lebanon High
school for two yeai-s, aiul later studied the
languages and theology. In 18C8i_lie was ad-
mitted to the Wilmington Conference of the
;M. E. church. His first charge was in Sud-
lers\nlle. Queen Anne's county, Md. He was
afterwards stationed in the following places:
ISCa, in Denton, Md.; 1870, in Kent, ^h\.;
1871-2, in Queenstown, Md.; 1873, in Ilills-
boro, ]\Id.; 1882-4, in Onaucock, Va.; 1885-0,
in Pocomoke City, ild.; 1887-9, in Galena,
ild.; 1800-2, in Chesapeake City, Md.;
18'J.j-G, in Camden, Del.; 1S'.'7, in Farming-
ton. During his various jiast orates ]\Ir. Fos-
nocht made many improvements upon church
])roperties. In Pocomoke City these improve-
ments amounted to $4,000, including incan-
descent electric lighting; in Onaucock to $2,-
000; in Galena, where the chureh edifice and
eha]iel were rebuilt, to $0,000. In Chesa-
peake City the if. E. cluu-ch was dedicated
during his pastorate. The sen'ices continued
through a week, and were presided over bv
Bishop Foss, of Philadelphia, Rev. J. 0. Peck,
D. D., of Xew York, and Rev. J. S. Willis,
of ^lilford, Del. ^[r. Fosnocht there paid the
interest on the debt incurred in the erection
of the church, and $2,000 of the principal.
At Farmington he has rebuilt the pai-sonage.

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STATE OP DELAWARE

773

lie is a forcible preaclier, ami a popular and
sufcessfiil i)astor. Politically he is iiidepen<l-
cnt.

(Jii Jamiaiy 26, 1875, Rev. Isaac Geiger
rosnoclit was married to Ees^e J., daughter
of George W. and Amelia A. (Fuller) Burke,
born in Baltimore, JMd., July 2, 1857. Tiieir
children are: I. Mary Amelia, died in in-
fancy; II. Eddy Eurke, born Noveiidicr 1,
1S7G; III. Wilbur Fuller, died in infancy.

Eddy IJurke Fosnocht was bom in (^)uan-
tico, ]\rd. lie was graduated from Confer-
ence Academy at Dover, and in 1899 will be
graduated in languages from the John Hop-
kins University, of Baltimore, Md.

The paternal grandfather of Mi-s. Fosnocht
was Ezekiel Burke, who came to America
with his widowed mother when he was but
seventeen years old. He was her only child-
They settled in Baltimore, and there Ezekiel
obtained the position of court crier, Mdiich he
lield for tliirty yeai-s. His children were:
I. John, deceased; II. Ann, deceased; III.
Elizabeth, of Baltimore; IV. Nicholas; V.
Barnard, deceased; YI. Steward, deceased;
YII. William, deceased; VIII. Andrew Jack-
son, of Baltimore; IX. George W. ; X. Lewis,
deceased. Mr. Burke dietl in i\Iarch, 1857,
aged seventy-five years; Mrs. Burke survived
liim for twenty years.

(Jeorge W. Burke, father of ]\Irs. Fosnocht,
was born in May, 1S2G, in Baltimore. He
was for a number of yeai-s engaged in butcher-
ing. He married Amelia Ann, daugliter of
George and Eleanor (Ireland) Fuller, of Bal-
timore. Tliey had one child, Bessie J. (Mrs.
Fosnocht). Mr. Burke died in Baltimore, in
Octolicr, 18G0. His widow resides with Ifrs.
Fosnoclit.

The maternal great-grandfather of Mrs.
Fosnocht was Xatlian Ireland, an Englishman
who emigrated to America ])rior to the Kevo-
lutionary war. In England he held a high
office in the court of King George, but in this
country he joined his fortunes with the
patriots, and was an officer in the Continental
army. His homo after the war was in (^ueen
Anno county, Md., where he died. He was
married to Christiana Gatf(3rd. One of his
children was Eleanor, who married George
Fuller, the son of an Englishman whose wife
was born in Pennsylvania.

Cieorge Fuller resided in Baltimore. county,
Md., during the greater part of his life.

Their children are: I. Elizalx^th L. (Mrs.
AVilliam Gossick), of Chicago, III.; II.
Amelia Ann (Mrs. George W. Burke); 111.
George Ireland, deceased; IV. Christiana G.
(ili-s. William Groom), decea.sed; V. James
F., deceased; VI. Jacob II., deceased; VII.
Benjamin G., of Baltimore, Md.; VIII. Mary
Eleanor, of Baltimore. Mr. Fuller died in
Baltimore.

WILLIAM C. NEAL, P. 0. Harrington,
Kent county, Del., son of James and Eliza-
beth (Adams) jSTeal, was b(jrn August 19,
near Bridge ville, Sussex coimty, Del.

The Adams family is one of the old families
of Sussex county. Two of Mr. Neal's uncles,
George II. and James !M. Adams, are western
merchants. Arthur Xeal, grandfather of
William C. Xeal, was one of the most exten-
sive slave holdei-s in the state of Delaware.
He was three times married; his children were
by his fii-st marriage as follows: I. Jane
(Mi"s. Ager Andrews), of Caroline county,
^Id.; II. James; III. Arthur, who died aged
forty years; IV. Isaiah, died in Sussex coim-
ty, Del.; V. Martlia (Mrs. AVilliam Conway),
died in Sussex county, Del.; VI. William, a
surxeyor, died in Federaldsburg, ild. Wil-
liam Xeal was married the second time to ^Irs.
ilarine, and the third time to ^Miss Davis. He
died near Seaford, Del.

James Xeal, father of AVilliam C. Xeal,
was born and reared near Seaford, Del. He
attended the country schools, and finished his
education in Baltimore. From that time he
engaged in teaching and sur\'eying until his
death, which 0(;curred in his twenty-eighth
year, at Hoi-sey's Cross Beads, Del. William
Xeal was an intelligent, industrious man,
and enjoyed the coniidence and esteem of his
felldwmen. He settled the large estate of
.lacol) and Isaac Cannon, of Cannon's Ferry.
His political views were Democratic. James
X'eal marrie<l Elizabeth, daughter of Charles
Adams. Their only child is AVilliani (J.
Xeal. ]\rrs. Xeal was married the second
time to Thomas J. Cannon, and has eight chil-
dren.

A\'illiam C. Xeal was an infant at the time
of his father's death. He lived with his grand-
father, Charles Adams, until he was
elex'cn years old, and was educat^nl at Bridge-
ville and Seaford. He learned fanning with
his stepfather; when about twenty-one, he

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774

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

tatight school for one year, aud tlien resumed
farming, working two years for liis stejjfatiier,
and then renting for one year; during tiie
next year he was overseer for a fanner in
Talbot county, i\rd. William C. Neal was
married at about the age of t\venty-fo>ir, and
settled on his ownfann near Jiritigeville,
which his grandfather had left him. lie af-
terwards sold lliis farm for a large sum, but
unfortunately lost it all. For eighteen
months he was in the oyster business on Fisli-
ing Ij^land, in the Monoken river, in tlie em-
ploy of Cornelius Hamlin, who was a true and
helpful friend to him. For several years af-
ter, he was engaged in fanning, and for three
years was in the lumber business in Sussex
county. Sixteen years were spent on fanns in
Caroline and Queen Anne counties, Md., af-
ter which Mr. ISTeal removed to his present
home. Mr. Neal is a Republican, lie en-
listed at Eridgeville in Company I, Sixth
Delaware Regiment, and served nine months
during the war of the Rebellion as first cor-
poral.

"William C. Neal was married to ]\Iary,
daughter of William Henry and Charlotte
(Cannon) Todd. Their children are: I.
Sarah E. (Mrs. Emory Jarrell); II. Mary F.
(Mrs. George Bennett); III. Ida (Mrs. James
Chilcott); IV. Wilhelmina A. (Mrs. Edward
Butler); V. James U.; VI. William C, de-
ceased; VII. Alfred G. Mr. Neal and fam-
ily are members of the Methoilist Episcopal
church.

WILLIAM TIIARP, P. O. Harrington,
Kent county, Del., son of Beniah Tharp, was
burn on the farm which he now owns, August
14, 1810.

James Tharp, grandfather of William
Thaqj, was born in February, 1774, and mar-
ried, January 18, 1S03, Eunice, daughter of
Beniali and Elizalieth (Turner) Fleming. Ex-
(lovernor William Tharp was one of their
children. James Tharp died September 23,
1829. Beniah Fleming, son of William
Fleming, was bom January 10, 17G2, and
died October 12, 1845. On February 5,
1783, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Jehu
Turner; she was born in 17C5, and died in
1812.

William Tharp attended Prospect school
two months each year and farmed with his
father imtil he was twenty-one. .Vt the

breaking out of the war of the Rebellion, ho
enlisted at Wilmington in the First Delaware
Cavalry, Company A, luider Captain William
P. Lord. He was fii-st on duty in Virginia,
afterwards in |5altimore. Port Tobacco, and
Cold Harbor. He was confined to tiie New-
ton University hospital in Baltimore, and was
removed later to Fairfax Seminary hospital in
AVilmington, Del. After his recovei"y, Mv.
Tharp rejoined his regiment at Frederick,
and remained with it until the close of the
war. ilr. Tharp was captured by the enemy
at Edwards' Ferry, on the Potomac, iifter a
severe skirmish with ilosby's guerrillas; he
had five bullets through his coat. After his
release, he was promoted to the rank of cor-
poral, at Camp Smithers, Wilmington, and
was honorably discharged at Relay House,
June 6, 18G5, after serving three years. He
resumed farming, and in 1872, took the
Tharp homestead, which he has successfully
cultivated to the present time. He owns an-
other farm near ^lilford. Mr. Tharp is a Re-
pulilican; he is Piist Commander of Cortes
Post, No. 19, G. A. R., Harrington, Del., and
a memlwr of the Ileptasuphs.

William Tharp was married to Sarah,
daughter of John and ]\Iary A. (Taylor) Hop-
kins. Their children are: I. Florence N. ;
II. Jonathan, dieil in infancy; III. !Mary.
Mr. Thar]) and family are members of the
Prospect il. E. church.

WILLIA]\I W. COLLISON, of Kent
county, Del., was born February 9, 1842. Ho
attended the county schools, finishing his
course in his twenty-second year, and during
his school years, aided in cultivating liis
father's farm. For two yegrs he tauglit
school, hiring out as fann hand during the
summers at $13 a month. In 1870, ilr. Col-
lison went to Bureau county. 111., where he
earned by fann labor $20 per month. Ho
returned in 1874, and bought the homestead
on which he now resides. His political views
are Democratic.

William W. Collison was married to Laura
v., daughter of Benjamin T. and Hilary J.
(Redden) Anderson. Their children are: I.
Mary; II. Roscoe C. Afr. Collison and fam-
ily are members of the .M. E. church.

GEORGE WASHINGTON COLLINS,
P. O. Farnu'ngton, Del., son of George Wash-

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STATE OP DELAWARE

nry

iiiutoii autl ifary (Mon'is) Collins, was bom
Ainil L'S, 1S4S, on the li<iineitcaJ of his
father, situated in ilispillion hundred, on the
l>ciuudary line between Kent and Sussex
counties, Delaware.

The ancestora of the Collins family were
emigrants from Scotland. Jesse Collins,
grandfiUher of George W. Collins, Jr., was
born and died in ilaiyland, near Concord,
Caroline county. lie married a lady born in
the same neighborhood, Margaret Andrews;
she survived him, and died at the home of
their son, George "Washington ('ollins, Sr.
A daughter of theirs, Jlrs. William Andrews,
of ililford, Del., is now (1898) about eighty-
live yeare of age. The farm in Caroline coun-
ty on which their son, G. W. Collins, Sr.,
was born, was the one near Concord, ild.,
which had been for many generations in the
Collins famil}'. Jesse Collins died during the
infancy of his son George, and his widow and
children left the farm, and settled near
Adamsville, Sussex county, Del., from which
jilace they afterwards removed to Bridgeville,
Sussex county, Del. Their circumstances
being straitened, George "W. Collins, Sr., did
not receive much seh<X)l education, but ap-
]>licd himself diligently to the work of aiding
his mother in her undertakings. Together
they purchased a homestead of Governor
Tharp, and to this they afterwards addetl an-
other tract; by industry and economy, the
family became prosperous, so that !^^r. Collins,
during the declining years of his life, found
himself able to live comfortably in retirement
at Farmington, Del. Except during those few
yeai-s, his home was always on the same farm,
ifr. Collins was four times married. His first
wife was ifary, daughter of John M. Morris;
she was bom in Sussex county, Del., and died
April 4, 1857; her children were: I. and II.
infants who died early; III. George "Wash-
ington, Jr.; IV. Susan (Mrs. Edward Ear-
row T'lough), of Chester, Pa.; V. Julia (Mrs.
Lewis I'rintz), of Wilmington, Del. Mr.
Collins was married after her death to Sarah
Ann Fisher; their children are: I. Jennie
(-Mrs. James Ilarges), of Wilmington; II.
Jabez F., of Sussex county, Del.; III. Ella,
ilicil when twelve years old; IV. Annie (JIi-s.
.reroniiah Gross), of Wilmington; V. Rose
( ^frs. < 'harlcs F. Jones), to whom belongs the
homestead, resides at Goldsborough, ]\rd. His
second wife dying, George AV. Collins was

married to Wilhelmina Smith, and after her
death, to ]\Irs. Adeline (Booth) Obier. He
died Janimry 30, 181)7.

Cieorge W. Collins, Jr., passed his boyhood
on the home farm, and was educated at a se-
lect school taught by Mr. AVillianis, and at
the Friends' school, Ivennett Sq\iare, Pa.; he
comi)leted his school course at the age of
twenty. During the vacations, he was always
healthfully and usefidly emploj'ed on the
farm and he continued to reside du the home-
stead until a year after his marriage. He
then removed to the farm on which be
and his family still reside, and which his
wife iuherited from her father. .Mr. Col-
lins is a stanch Democrat; from early man-
hood, he has been warmly interesteil in
public affairs, and has always worked for the
success of his party. From 1893 to 1897, he
served as a member of the Levy Court, !^^r.
Collins is a memlxjr of the I. O. H.

On January 28, 1874-, George Washington
Collins was married to Sarah Pauline Tharp,
daughter of Peniah and Mary P. (Anderson)
Tharp. Their children are: I. Mary E. (Mrs.
Jesse Wood); II. Ida May; III. Georgiana;
IV. diaries W.; V. Florence; VI. Clara
Louisa. Mr. Collins was reared in the Metho-
dist Episcopal church.

POBEPT G. HOPKINS, P. O. Farming-
ton, Del., son of Samuel and ^Margaretta
(Harper) Hopkins, was born near Bethel
Church, in ]\rispillion hundrwl, March 28,
1820.

His grandfather, James Hopkins, was de-
scended from John Hopkins, the first of the
family' to leave England, and settle on these
western shon"«. Samuel Hopkins, son of
James Hopkins, was born in Jfispillion hun-
dred, not far from the present site of Bethel
Church. His educational opportunities were
limited, but he was an industrious and re-
spectable farmer, and cultivated various prop-
erties, which he rented, most of them being
in irisyiillion hundred. During his early mar-
ried life, the war of 1812 occurred, and ilr.
Hopkins was drafted into the U. S. Anny,
and stationed at Fasten, Md. Although the
force to which he belonged was very insuffi-
ciently armed, a number of the men being
without muskets, it was kept eleven days at
Fasten, 'Md., waiting for an engagement
which, howe\'er, failed to occur, and the draft-

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77G

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

ed men were discharged. The wife of Samuel
lluiikins was ilargaretta, daughter of AVil-
liaiii and Elizalx'th (Wingate) Harper. AVil-
liam IIaii)er liad come with his family from
Ifarper's Ferry, Ya., and settled in IJlac'k-
Lird hundred, Xew Cnstlc county. IJoth ^Ir.
and Jlrs. Samuel Hopkins die<l on a fann
near Adiunsville, Sus.■^ex county, Del., in
1850, Mr. Hopkins liret, at the age of si.xty-
four, and his excellent wife within eight days
after his demise. They left children as fol-
lows: I. Sarah, resides with Kobert G. Hop-
kins, was bom in 11S12; 11. James, died in
Ohio; III. "William X., now deceased; IV.
liobert G.; V. Soj-hia (Mrs. 'William Calli-
S(in), died in !Mis[)il]ion hundred.

Kobert G. Hopkins received as good an
education as the common schools of his day
could afford, attending school, however, only
from two weeks to two months of every win-
ter. The rest of the year was pjissed in farm
work, on the homestead. It was not until
1S45 that he went out to work on other farms,
and in the following year, in partnership with
his next older brother, William X. llo])kiiis,
he bought the place upon which he still re-
sides; it comprises 200 acres. The previous
possessor of the lanil was AVilliam Uoe. The
brothei-s cidtivated their farm jointly until
the death of the elder one; neither one mar-
ried, but their sister, ^liss Sarah Hopkins,
lived with them and kept their house. The
death of William X. Hopkins occurred about
1SS4, since which time the surviving brother
and the faithful sister have continued their
joint care of fann and dwelling, alone. In
the course of his active life, Kobert Cr. Hop-
kins spent about tliree yeai-s on the Stafford
fann, in Sussex county, Del.; he now owns
a part of that property. Mr. Hoiikins lias
always been a Democrat, but has never de-
sired to assume the honors and cares of public
office. Although not a mendjer of any
church, he willingly contributes to the work
of all denominations. He enjoys the respect
and esteem of his neighbors, and is still fa-
vored with excellent health for his advanced
aiic.

Jiuncs Hopkins was a native of iilispilliou
hundred, ICent c<ninty, and was born aliuut
ISIS. He was a farmer. For several yeai-s
before his death, he was a victim of ill health;
he li\cd ill retirement in Harrington, Del.,
for two yoai"s, and ilied at the iiome of his son,
.lames Hojikins, i)f (Jreensboro, ^Id., in
1890. He married Sarah Carter, daughter
of Heni-iy and ^lary G. (Cuppagx;) Carter, who
died in May of the same year. ilr. Hoijkius
was a Democrat. Mrs. Hopkins was a mem-
ber iif the ]\r. K. church. Their children arc:
I. Ilenr)', resides near Dover, Del.; II. Wil-
liam, of Mispillion hundred; III. Waitnmn,
of ]\[ispillion hundred; IV. James, Jr., of
Greensboro, ^Id. ; Y. Philemon, deceased; VI.
^lary Susan (^Irs. Ililey !Melvin); VII.
Alfred; VII 1. Sarah Emily (]\Irs. Ely Cain).

Besides attending school during the winter,
Alfred Hopkins assisted during the sunuiier
months in the cultivation of the home farm,
thus becoming an experienced pra(,'tieal
fanner. In ISSO, he went to Illinois, where
he Avorkcd on farms f>ir Natluin Harrington
for about six months. After his father's
death, ]\Ir. Hopkins bought the homestead,
and occupied it until 1895, wlien he sold it
to Collison Pritchctt; he then, partly by pur-
chase and partly b}' excdiange, acquired his
present farm of about I'lO acres. Mr. Hop-
kins is a thorough and successful general
I'armer, and is respected in the comnnuiity.
His politics are Democratic; he has sen-ed in
several oiliccs. He is a nu'uiber of the A. G.
IT. nAV., at Harrington.

Alfred Hopkins was first married in Feb-
ruary, 1SS3, to ifary J. Smith, who died in
August, 1S95, leaving one child, ^lyra. ilr.
Hopkins afterward married Laiu-a B., daugh-
ter of Ivcuben and Tiebccca (Hopkins) Buss.
The children of this marriage are: I. Sarah
Bebeeea; II. Allie Ikdie; III. Elias B.

ALFBED HOPKINS, P. O. Brownsville,
Del., son of James and Sarah (Carter) Hop-
kins, was born on the homestead, near IIol-
laiulsville, Kent county, Del., September 3,
1855.

CHABLES A. S:\nTH, Bro\TOsville, ild.,
son of Xathan and Xancy (Wyatt) Smith,
■\vas born on the homestead in Kent CDunty,
Del., between B^o^^^lsvillc and Whitley crburg,
October?, 1841.

Mr. Smith's grandparents, James Henry
and Araminta (Bussell) Smith, lived and died
on their fann near Vernon, Del. Their son,
Xathan Smith, father of Charles A. Smith,
was born in IMispillion hundred, in 18(12.
He receivc<l a limited education, and devoted

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STATE OF DELAWARE

777

his life to agricultvire. Natlian Smitli was
married to Nancy AV'^yatt. Tiieir ehildieii
ai'e: J. James W.; II. LyJia (Mrs. Ivoliert
];aug-liiey), of Dover, Del.; III. Mary Kttu
(AIr.s. liicliard II. Lockermau), 'of Crisfield,
Somei-set county, Md.; IV. Nathan, (Queens-
town, Md.; V. Alexander, resides in (^ueen
Anne founty, .Md.; VI. Cliarles A.; VII.
Annie E. (Mrs. Ilezekiah Sapp), resides near
IloUandsville, Del.; VIII. William AV.,
Denton, Md. Mr. Smith and his wife were
members of the M. P. church. ^Ir. Smith
belonged to the congxegation organized in
1828, and not only helped to build the old
church, but assisted in erecting the present
edifice at Eurrsville, Md. lie was an active
Worker and hehl various church ofKccs. Mr.
Smith was a man of sound judgment, es-
teemed and beloved in the district. lie died
in 1S89, his widow in 1895. Both are buried
in the cemetery of the M. P. church at Eurrs-
ville.

Charles A. Smith grew up on the home-
stead, lie attended the public schools of the
district during the winter montlis, and worked
with his father in summer, thus acquiring
a practical knowledge of fanning. In 1805
Mr. Smith began farming for himself on the
land upon which he now resides, renting and
afterwards purchasing the proi'Kjrty from his
father, Nathan Smith. Mr. Smith is inter-
ested in public alfaii-s, and has always voted
the Democratic ticket.

C'hailes A. Smith was married, January 18,
1805, to Adeline, daughter of Joshua and
Cecilia (Andrew) Obier. Their children are:
I. Oral), farmer; II. Nathan E. ; III. Joshua;
IV. Ada, widow of Walter Hopkins; V. Lu-
ella, widow of James L. Paris; VI. Martha.
!Mr. Smith and his family are members of the
^I. P. church at Eurrsville, Md. He has been
a trustee and class-leader and is now a licensed
exhoiler and an active worker in the Sunday
school. ;Mi-3. Smith died at the homestead
in IS'JT; she is buried in the cemetery at Har-
rintrtciii, Del.

JOHN TPAVIS, Ilarniipton, Kent coun-
ty, Del., son of John and Elizabeth (Ander-
son) Travis was boni near AVhitc's church,
iIi.-;pil!ion hundred, Kent county, Del., in
1S31.

IMr. Travis' father, John Travis, was, it is
suiijiosed, a native of Talbot county, !Md.

He was a farmer, and settled in Mispillion
hundred, Kent county, Del., where he be-
cauic tiie owner of several properties, all of
which he lost through business revoi-ses.
John Travis was married to Elizabeth Ander-
son. Their children are: I. John; II. ]\Iary
Ann, deceased; III. Whitelej', joined a party
to prosjiect for gold in California, where he
married, became wealthy, and died; IV. Al-
bert, a miller, now a merchant in Caroline'
county, ild. Mr^Travis was higTily esteemed
in the community, where his early death was
deeply mourned. He died in 1837, aged
forty ; his widow survived only a few years.

John Travis, Jr., was only six years old
when his father died, leaving the family, des-
titute. His mother was therefore oliliged to
return to her parents, and to permit the chil-
dren to be put out. John found a home with
a relative, Whitelcy (iraham, with whom he
renuuned lintil he was twenty-two ycavi old.
He attended school at Thomas' schoolhousc
during the winter months, learned masonry,
and worked on the farm with !Mr. Graham
until ho attained his majority, receiving his
board and clothing, and for the year after at-
taining his majority, seventy dollars in cash.
AVitli this small capital ^Ir. Travis began
business for himself. He rented a house and
a few acres of land, paying fifty dollai-s jier
year, and for three or four years farmed this
land, also working at his trade. He purchased
one hoi-se and a cow for which he gave his
note. When this was paid Mr. Travis bought
his present home, a farm of 150 acres of
arable land. To do this he was again obliged
to incur a debt, which he paid in three yeai-s.
Having secured his homestead, !Mr. Travis
lK?gan improving his property, rebuilding and
remodeling the old house, and making for
himself a comfortable and bcautifid home.
For twenty-five yeai-s he worked at his trade,
and even now occasionally resumes the
mason's trowel. During the war of the Ke-
bellion ilr. Travis enlisted as a jirivate in
Company II, Sixth Delaware Volunteers, and
scrv('(l for nine months. He is an active
member of the Ke])ublican party, always vot-
ing the party ticket. He is interested in pub-
lic affairs, and has served on the grand jury.

John Travis was married, in his twenty-
fii-st year, to !Mary AVrotten. Th<'ir children
are: T. Elizabeth Ann, married first to John
Wix, and afterwards to Pliilemon Porter; IL

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78

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

AVhiteley, married to Lula Harrington; III.
John W., married to Koxana Wyutt; IV.
Jfary (Mrs. Jolm Sipple); V. iVlartha (Mrs.
I'cnjamin ]\IcKiiatt); VI. Margaret (ilrs.
I.iinvood Hammond), deeeased; VII. Cliarles
])., married Olive lloss. Mrs. Travis was a
member of White's il. E. clmrch; slie died in
3S85, and is buried at AVesloy's cliapel.
i^inc'o 1855, Mr. Travis lias been an active
member of AVhite's M. E. church, in which
he was for many years, a class-leader. He
in an efficient teacher in the Sunday school,
and was for a long time its superintendent.

NICHOLAS BANKS PRICE, AVhiteleys-
linrg, Kent county, Del., son of Samuel W.
and Lydia (Benney) Price, was born near
Whitcieyslnirg, March 11, 1864.

,John Price, grandfather of Nicholas B.
Price, had children as follows: I. John, died
in New Castle county, Del.; II. Foster,
removed to the west, where he died; III.
Frank, died in Wilmington, Del.; IV. Sam-
uiiel W. ; V. Josepli, died in early manliood;
VI. Elizabeth, removed to Iowa, where she
married and die<l. John Price was an active
member of the Baptist denomination, and a -
sistcd in building the fii-st Baptist church at
Baptist Branch. He died near Ilollands-
ville, Kent county, Del.

Mr. Price's father, Samuel W. Price, was
b(irn in South IMurderkill hundred, Kent
county, Del., in IMay, 1802. His educational
a<lvantages were limited, as he could not often
1x3 spared to attend school. He remained at
home, assisting his father with the farm work,
until he was twenty-one. Mr. I'rico devoted
himself to the cultivation of the soil and be-
came one of the successful fanners of the dis-
trict. Samuel W. Price was married in the
home now occujiied by his son, Nicholas B.
Price, to ilary, daughter of Peter Wilson, of
]\rispillion hundred, Kent coimty, Del. They
had one child, Susan Ann (iirs Levin
Hirons). ilr. Price's second wife, Lydia
Benney, was a native of Taliiot county, Md.
Their children are: I. Nicholas Banks; II.
James Henrv, resides near Greensboro, Md.;
1 II. Wilhelniina C^lrs. Thomas H.Welch); IV.
Alfred J., of l\nspillion hundred; V. Albert,
a farmer of Bureau county, 111.; VI. Amy
(Mrs. William Hughes); VII. Bartimeus, of
Chester county, Pa. ^fr. Price died at the
home of his son, Nicholas B. Price, in 1879;

his widow died in 1884, in South Murderkill
hundred, at the home of their daughter, Mrs.
Thomas H. Welch.

Nicholas B. Price attended school at
Thomas' schuolhoiisc during the winter
months, and remained at home, working with
his father and learning the principles of agri-
culture, until he was twenty-one. His
father's health failing, .Mr. Price assumed
his support and for two years hired as a farm
laborer to James Clendaniel, of Little Creek
Neck, receiving his board and fourteen d(J-
lars per month. At the end of the two years,
he began farming for himself in ilispilliun
hundred, renting his land from Nathan Smith.
jMr. Price purchased his farm in Mispilli<in
hundred in 1887. Mr. Price was at tirst a
Democrat, but conviction led him to identify
himself with the Prohil)ition party; he, how-
ever, cast his vote for W. J. Bryan and free
silver.

Nicholas Banks Price was married to
Georgiana, daughter of Pichard John and
ilargaret (Kichardson) Draper, of Mispil-
lion hundred. Their children are: I.
Myrtle; II. Lawrence, died aged four years;
Ill.-Blanche; IV. Ariington; V. Noble, died
aged two years; VI. Annie; VII. Kashie;
VIII. Gladys; IX. Hartley; X. Fletcher; XI.
j\Iinnie. Mr. Price attends the M. P. church
at Union Corner, and contributes liberally to
all benevolent objects.

JOHN IIENKV BULLOCK, P. O.
Whiteleysburg, Kent county, Del., son of
Thomas B. and Ann (Holland) Bullock^ was
born at Marsh Hope Bridge, on the southern
boundary of Kent county, July 12, 1842.

His grandfather, John Bullock, was an ex-
tensive land-owner in Sussex county, Del.
He married Mary iTarper and had the follow-
ing children: I. Zi])porah (Mrs. Joshua
Hart), deceased; II. Catherine (Mrs. Thomas
lirady), dccea.sed; III. Nancy, died unmar-
ried; IV. Thomas B. Although an only son,
Thomas Ihillock began life under unfortu-
nate conditions. He was born at ilaivh Hoiie
Bridge, and notwithstanding the fact that his
father owned all the land lying in that neigh-
borhood, itveivcd scarcely an education, and
was dei)rived of his share in the paternal es-
tate. In early boyhood, he applied himself
with diligence to farm labor, and after some
■""r'ars, was enabled bv his industrv and frn-

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•I I
•-I'l
I •

STATE OF DELAWAHE

779

gality to buy a farm near Todd's Chapel, in
Sussex coiuity. lie was twice married; liis
first wife was Ann, daughter of James and
Lydia liolhmd, and sister of Kieliard Hol-
land, teacher and surveyor, for whom llol-
landsville was named. The children of this
marriage are: I. John Henry; II. David;
III. Charles, resides near Bethel church; IV.
Martha, died young; V. Richard, died young;
XL 'Hiomas Jefferson, of Mis[)illion hundred;

VII. Closes, died in infancy. After tiie
death of his first wife, Thomas Bullock mar-
ried Sarah Ann Andei-son. They had nine-
teen children, including three pairs of twins.
Tliose living are: I. Mary (Mrs. Thomas
Kelley); II. Thomas; III. George; IV.
Daniel; V. William; VI. James; VIL Lydia;

VIII. Angelina; IX. Percie.

Five days at the age of six, and twenty
days at the age of nineteen, were all the op-
jwrtunities for school education that John
Ilenry Bidlock enjoyed; the latter time was
passed in a subscription school. For this lack
of scholastic training, he has had to comjien-
sate as best he could by observation and at-
tention to current affairs. From boyhoo<I, he
was engaged in farm work, and resided at
home until he was twenty-throe years old.
lie then hired out at a trifling compensation,
but managed to save from even this small pit-
tance. At the age of twenty-five, he turned
Ins attention to carpentry, and pei-severed in
this handicraft for two years; then, finding
that to learn the finer and more remunerative
branches of the busine.ss, more education than
he possessed was re<iuisite, he aV)andoned the
trade, and going to Philadelphia, obtained a
))osition as street-car driver and e.xtra con-
ductor. In this position he continual for
about seventeen months, still frugally laying
aside every cent not absolutely needed to sup-
ply his daily wants. By the time that !Mr.
Bullock left the city, his savings amoimted
to $400, placed on interest. About this time
he was married, and after his marriage, he
rented a farm in Nanticoke hundred fur four
years; then for one year, one in MispillioTi
hundred; and lastly a farm in Caroline coun-
ty, J»Id., for two years. After this, he bought
130 acres of the Smith property, on which ho
lived eleven years, building a home in IST).").
Finally, in 1888, IMr. Bullo<'k bought the
fann of 128 acres on wliicli ho still resides.
By means f)f manlv self-denial, diligence and

l)erseverence, he has placed himself and his
family in a position of comfort and respect;
his has been a very laudable victory over un-
j)romising circumstances, ilr. Htiliock is in-
dependent in his political and religions
opinions, casting his vote for the nuui and
measures he esteems the best, rather than ac-
cording to the tenets of a party.

John Ilenry Bidlock was married in Phila-
delphia to Eliza Ann, daughter of Philemon
and Bebecca Dill, on January 18, ISG'J.
Their children are: I. Elmer L., farmer, at
homo; II. Willard T., farmer, resides in Illi-
nois; III. John Ilennan; IV. Elizabeth Iv;
V. Simeon V.; the youngest three all reside
at home.

ALEXANDER W. HUGHES, P. O. Hol-
landsville, Kent county, Del., eon of Samuel
and Elizabeth (Reed) Hughes, was bom July
IS, 1826, on the Reed homstead.

The Reed family is of Irish descent. 'Mr.
Hughes' givat-gi-andfather, John Reed, was
stolen from his home by two men whom he
met on his way to school, and by whom he
was drugged with whiskey. AVhen he recov-
ered his consciousness, he was board a ship, at
sea. lie sold himself for his passage-money,
and was landed at I.ewes, Del. Coming later
to what is now Ilollandsville, the young man
took up 1,000 acres of land. John Reed mar-
ried iliss Polk, whose father was a nnin of
inriuencc in luigland, but had been comjielled
to leave his country on account of his religious
opinions. Mr. Polk had two daughters and
seven sons, one of whom was the ancestor of
President James K. Polk, and of Governor
Charles Polk, of Delaware.

The Hughes family originally settled in
Queen Anne county, ]\Id., and there James
Hughes, grandfather of Alexander "W.
Hughes, was born. He removed to the vi-
cinity of Grecnsborough, in Caroline county,
]\Id., after his man-iage, and lived there dur-
ing the rest of his life. James Hughes mar-
ried ]\fiss Willoughby; their children were:
I. Samuel; II. James, who married Rachel
Reed, and died near Saiidtowii, Del.; III.
AVilJiam, decease<l; IV. Nanev; V. Eliza-
beth (Mrs. AVilliam In'in); VI.' Mary (^Irs.
Owen Creenley). The second wife of James

Hughes was ^largaret ; they had one

son, Henry, now deceased, who married Anne
Spencer.

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780

BIOGRAPHICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA

Samuel Iliiglies, eldest son of James ami
(Willoughby) Hughes, was born near

Brklgetown, t'-aroline county, ild., and spent
his youth on a farm. He attended the sub-
sei-iption schools oi the district, and was later
farm manager for AViiliam llulitt, of Talbot
county, for four years. !Mr. llugiies then
]nirchased a farm near Wiiiteleysburg, !Md.
For several years he was justice of the peace.
In his earlier years, he supported the Wliig
party, but afterwards became a Democrat.
Four years before his death, he retired from
active business. Samuel Hughes mai-ricd
Elizabeth rteed; their children are: I. Alex-
ander W.; n. Ann (Mrs. Joshua Phister"), of
Soutli ilunlcrkill hundred; III. James, fann-
er, (jreonsborougli, lid., married ^lary Ilar-
ringtun, deceased; IV. Ebenezer, has a son in
public life; V. Samuel, farmer, of Mispillion
hundred, married Deborah Ann Cooper; VI.
Eliza])eth (ilre. Elijah Sapp), of AVhiteleys-
burg, Md.; VII. Iiachel, first married to John
Harrington, afterwards to John Brown, is
now a widow, resides in Wilmington; VIII.
Ellen (Mi-s. Enoch Clark), of Dover, Del.
!Mr. and Mre. Samuel Hughes were members
of the Baptist church. !Mr. Hughes died near
Hollandsville in 1881, aged eighty-four years;
Mrs. Hughes' death occun-ed in 1SS4, at the
same age.

vVlexander W. Hughes received his educa-

tion in the subscription schools near Hollands-
ville, wliich he attended from his seventh to
his twenty-tii-st year, spending his summers
in farm lal)or. At the age of twenty-one, Mr.
Ihiglics rented a farm, and cultivated it in
his own interest for three years. He then
rente<l his present home for three years, after
which time he bought it from John Bced.
ilr. Hughes has given special attention to
grass farming. His political views are Demo-
cratic.

On February 12, 1853, Alexander W.
Hughes was nnirrii'd to ]\Ii-a. Lydia (llarnng-
ton) Carter, daugliter of Joiin and Bhoda
(.Masters) Harrington, and widow of Henry
Carter. Their children are: I. Elmina
(]\lrs. Theodore Harrington), of Xew Har-
rington; II. Henry W., of Denton, ]\Id., mar-
ried to :\rrs. Ida B. Longfellow; HI. John IL,
of Sandtown, Del., married to ^lary L.
Brown; IV. Jennie (!Mrs. John Moore), of
South ]\Iurderkill hundred; V. George N.,
of New HaiTington, married Sarah Smith;
VI. Jacol) I\., of Greensborough, ild.; III.
Annt (ilrs. Daniel ]\I. Gooden), of Ileuder-
son, Md.; VIII. William M.; IX. Walter;
and an infant, deceased. By her fir^t mar-
riage, Mrs. Hughes had two children: I.
Iihoda Jane (!Mrs. Samuel Smith); II. ]\rary
Susan (.Mrs. B. L. Ilurd), of Xew Hollands-
ville.

47 6 f

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