7.
,v6/fU.^»^a7
Given By
Arthur SroiTioons Garson
"*
Biographical History of
Massachusetts
Biographies and Autobiographies ot the
Leading Men in the State
Samuel Atkins Eliot, A.M., D.D.
Editor-in-Chief
Volume III
With opening chapters on
\yhat Massachusetts Has Contributed to the
WVlfaie of tlie American People
By Hon. Eben S. Draper
4-
MASSACHUSETTS BIOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS
I9II
V
Copyrighted, 1911, by
Massachusetts Biographical Society
All rights reserved
THE • PLIMPTON • PRESS • NORWOOD • MASS • IT • S • A
CONTENTS. VOL. Ill
BIOGRAPHIES AND FULL PAGE PORTRAITS
ENGRAVED ON STEEL
JOHN WILLIAM PITT ABBOT
HENRY ALLISON
JOHN FRANCIS BARKER
HENRY HARRIS AUBREY BEACH
WILIMON WHILLDIN BLACKMAR
WILLIAM OSGOOD BLANEY
WALDO ELIAS BOARDIVIAN
LEROY SUNDERLAND BROWN
WILLIAM MORTON BUNTING
GEORGE WASHINGTON CATE
CHESTER WARD CLARK
DE WITT SCOVILLE CLARK
FREDERIC SIMMONS CLARK
GEORGE ALBERT CLOUGH
VARNUM AUGUSTAS COOPER
JOSEPH ARTHUR CORAM
CHARLES HERBERT DANIELS
FRED HARRIS DANIELS
THOMAS HUTCHINS DODGE
ROBERT DAWSON EVANS
DANIEL SHARP FORD
SAMUEL PEARLY GATES
IMICHAEL FREEBERN GAVIN
ARTHUR OILMAN
ETHAN DENISON GRISWOLD
JOSEPH GRISWOLD
JOSEPH GRISWOLD
LORENZO GRISWOLD
AMOS LAWRENCE HOPKINS
HENRY HOPKINS
MARK HOPKINS
JAMES FROTHINGHAM HUNNEWELL
CHARLES ACKERMAN JACKSON
CHARLES HENRY JONES
ALBERT P. LANGTRY
CRAWFORD EASTERBROOKS LINDSEY
JOHN WILLIAM LINZEE
GEORGE E. LITTLEFIELD
ALEXANDER McKENZIE
WILLARD FRANCIS MALLALIEU
HORACE AUGUSTUS MOSES -
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS MOWRY
WILLIAM EDWARDS MURDOCK
MOSES GREELEY PARKER
LEWIS PARKHURST
CHARLES LAWRENCE PEIRSON
CHARLES BURNHAM PORTER
FRANCIS PROCTER
GEORGE NEWTON PROCTOR
JOHN READ
BRADLEY D. RISING
STEPHEN HERBERT ROBLIN
DANIEL RUSSELL
NATHANIEL JOHNSON RUST
WILLIAM ROBERT SESSIONS
JOHN LOW ROGERS TRASK
LUCIUS TUTTLE
ALONZO G. VAN NOSTRAND
GEORGE WHITAKER
GEORGE HENRY WHITCOMB
ISAAC FRANKLIN WOODBURY
WHAT MASSACHUSETTS HAS
CONTRIBUTED TO THE WELFARE OF
THE AMERICAN PEOPLE
IN writing a few words upon this general subject, I shall refer
chiefly to the industrial welfare of the Nation. Industrially
Massachusetts is supreme in manufacture of wool, cotton and
leather, and ranks high in many other industries where skill and
capacity in those who work, as well as in those who manage, are
requisites for success.
Massachusetts men and their descendants, many whose biog-
raphies and portraits appear in the volumes of this great work, were
among the first who built the great transcontinental railways. Her
people in great numbers settled the middle West. They developed
some of the greatest mines for the production of minerals, and
have been prominent in the establishment of the great copper mines
of the different sections of the country.
In manufactures in colonial days Massachusetts occupied the
front rank in many of the most important industries, and to-day, in
spite of the fact that the raw materials of all her great industries are
not native to her soil, she occupies the first place in the great textile
and leather industries of the Nation. In early days she had large
manufactures of iron and steel, and still occupies a high place in the
production of many of the finer grades of this style of manufacture,
as is attested by the great wire works at Worcester, the watch fac-
tories at Waltham and the textile machinery manufactures which
are preeminent in Massachusetts to-day.
In many of the fields of invention her citizens have stood at the
head. Eli Whitney, the inventor of the cotton gin, was born in West-
boro, Massachusetts, and graduated at Yale. Samuel Morse, the
inventor of the telegraph, was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts,
and educated at Yale. Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the
telephone, was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, coming to Boston in
WELFARE OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE
1872. He became a professor in the Boston University, and invented
and developed the telephone while a citizen of Massachusetts. In
textile machinery, especially in the spinning and weaving arts, all the
great inventions of the last forty years which have revolutionized
these departments of manufacture have been the product of the citi-
zens of Massachusetts or of Rhode Island and have been brought out
in this country by the textile machinery concerns of New England,
the largest of which are located in ]\Iassachusetts. These improve-
ments have been adopted in England and all over the continent of
Europe, as well as in some of the countries of Asia. The great
development of shoe machinery, which has revolutionized the manu-
facture of shoes all over the world, has been carried on from its central
location in Massachusetts, many of the most important inventions
having been made by Massachusetts men and the business having
been carried on within the confines of this Commonwealth. In the
development and uses of electricity for traction power and lighting
purposes she has played a wonderful part, and her contributions of
educated men in all the arteries of industrial life have been second to
those of no state.
In all these and many other directions Massachusetts has borne
well her part and contributed to the welfare of all the people her full
share; but greater in value to the people than the products of her mills
and factories have been the conditions which she has established by
law for her working people. By her example and laws she has blazed
the way for improved conditions for the people of the entire Nation.
Her laws are more advanced and better for the protection of
working people than are those of any other state. The conditions
which surround her factory employees are good, and her legislature
has enacted laws to protect the lives and health of her workers in a
sane and progressive way. She stands at the top in her institutions
for technical training, which are so closely connected with and bene-
ficial to her great industries; and she has technically educated thou-
sands of men from other sections of the country, who have made
conditions better wherever they have gone.
Massachusetts has acted wisely in realizing that the most impor-
tant of all considerations is to establish such conditions in the
Commonwealth as make for healthful lives and good citizenship;
and her people are as well governed and happy as are any equal
number in any part of the world.
WELFARE OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE
While many of her citizens have been great and successful in the
industrial life of the country, they have not failed to realize that this
was but an opportunity for duty. They have recognized their obli-
gations to the government, state and people and have represented
the best type of high-minded citizenship.
The average wealth of her people of the Commonwealth is second
to that of no community of equal size in the world. She has produced
hundreds of men connected with her great industries who have given
most generously of their means for the upbuilding of all those insti-
tutions which help the unfortunate and enable all the people to live
more comfortable and happy lives. The State, by taxes on her people
and property, has most generously cared for her unfortunate, and
is always at the head in providing means for the amelioration of
suffering and for the education of all the people.
Her industrial prosperity has been great, but keeping pace with
that and in fact more prominent has been her contribution for the
upbuilding of her people; and her industrial leaders have always
been willing to bear their share of the burden to bring about these
most beneficial results. It has been truly said that if you wish to
write the history of any great industry you must portray the lives
of the men who are behind it.
' /C^ /^^J^ — ^
JOHN WILLIAM PITT ABBOT
JOHN WILLIAM PITT ABBOT, an able lawyer and public-
spirited man of affairs, was born on April 27, 1806, in Hampton,
Connecticut, the son of John Abbot and Sophia (Moseley)
Abbot of Westford, Massachusetts. Hampton was the home of
his mother, but Westford was the town with which his family had
long been and still is conspicuously identified. The family is of
the best New England stock, descended fron George Abbot, who
came from Yorkshire to Andover, Massachusetts, about the year
1640. John Abbot, the father of John William Pitt Abbot, was a
successful lawyer who acquired a considerable fortune for his time
and was Grand Master of Freemasons in Massachusetts. John
Abbot Lodge, of Soraerville, is named after him, and it is stated
that he conducted the Masonic services at the dedication of Bunker
Hill Monument.
The son, John W. P. Abbot, was fortunate in his home environ-
ment. He was given the best education then available, and was
taught those lessons of industry and thrift which rarely failed the
New England boy of the first quarter of the nineteenth century.
He was fitted for college at Westford Academy, and was graduated
from Harvard in the class of 1827. The wishes of his parents and
his own natural inclination drew him into the profession of his
honored father, whom he succeeded as the guide, counselor, and
foremost citizen of Westford.
His thorough knowledge of the law, combined with unusual
business ability, soon won recognition for Mr. Abbot throughout
his section of the state. He acquired a large and important pro-
fessional practice and in addition engaged widely in business under-
takings, serving as a director in several banks, railroads, and
industrial corporations in Lowell and Chelmsford, as well as in
Westford. For fifteen years he was the town clerk of Westford,
and for ten years he was chairman of the Board of Selectmen, his
service in the latter post including the four years of the Civil War
!^l ^^.
JOHN WILLIAM PITT ABBOT
when his patriotism and executive ability proved of the utmost
value to the community whose interests were committed to his
keeping.
In one of the war years, 1862, Mr. Abbot, in addition to his
pubUc duties at home, served as a Representative in the General
€ourt of Massachusetts, and in 1866 was further honored by a term
in the Massachusetts Senate. He was long the clerk of the First
Parish Church in Westford (Unitarian), of which he was a devoted
member. In poUtics Mr. Abbot was first a Whig and afterwards
an earnest and active Repubhcan.
He was married on July 18, 1833, to Catharine, daughter of Rev.
Jacob and Catharine (Thayer) Abbot. Six children were born to
Mr. and Mrs. Abbot, of whom there are now hving George Abbot,
merchant, and Abiel Jacob Abbot, manufacturer.
The fine, fruitful, and honored career of John W. P. Abbot
ended at his home in Westford on August 16, 1872. He had left
an indelible impress upon the community where he had hved, and
whose interests he had nobly served as had his ancestors before
him. Ex-Governor John D. Long, of Massachusetts, who in his
youth was brought into close association with Mr. Abbot, has drawn
this striking picture of this New England gentleman and his strong
and attractive character:
*'I was principal of Westford Academy, 1857-59, and for two
years Uved in the family of Mr. John W. P. Abbot. He was treas-
urer of the Academy and very active in the administration of its
iinances, which in his hands were always in admirable condition.
He was a typical leading citizen in a New England town — at a
time, too, when the railroads had not concentered population and
the professions in three or four metropolitan cities. Each town
had its lawyer and doctor and minister who was known the country
round and who made his village headquarters not merely a bedroom
after a day spent in the city, but the center of his daily activities and
usefulness. I recall with delight and respect Mr. Abbot and his
life. He was then fifty years old, in his prime. He had a frank,
open, genial face, and an erect, alert, and handsome figure. He
dressed neatly and his personal appearance and manners were
always those of a well-bred gentleman. He was ' A Village Squire,'
Justice of the Peace, and trained to the law. Resort was made to
him by all who had conveyances to make or estates to settle. He
JOHN WILLIAM PITT ABBOT
was chairman of the selectmen for nearly a decade, including the
time of the Civil War, when the duties of the office were exacting.
He discharged them not only with efficiency and fidelity, but with
the patriotic fervor which the time called out. He was a generous
supporter of church and of school. He was executor and trustee
of many estates. He went to the General Court as representative
and as senator. With land and barns he farmed his acres, and
added to his professional activities the charm of the rural agricul-
turist. Often each week he was away for the day, going to Lowell
or Boston, bent on business connected with the many corporate
interests — railroad or banking — in wdiich he was an officer. He
promoted manufacturing enterprise in his native town and advanced
the capital necessary for the institution and growth of the Abbot
Worsted Company, in which his sons took active part and which
has since made large and successful development.
"But of all else the notable feature of Mr. Abbot's life was his
home. His large country house — his constant residence — and his
ample grounds were the fitting setting for domestic comfort and
hospitality. His wife, Mrs. Catharine Abbot, was a woman of
unusual character and attainments. At once the head of the in-
terior domestic estabhshment to which she gave her personal care
and labor, she was also distinguished by her rare culture and intel-
lectual scope. She read extensively, keeping pace with the best
literature; she studied all the phases of the most advanced thought,
religious, social, and pohtical; she had been a teacher and remained
always a scholar; she held the most liberal views; her heart was in
the cause of the slave and the poor; her philanthropy was broad-
cast, and yet specific to every demand of the neighborhood; her
home was the frequent resort of the reformers, ministers, and men
of culture; and to me, as to every young man who came within her
influence, she was a liberal education.
" Such was the environment of John W. P. Abbot. The remem-
brance of it is to me idylUc!"
The Abbot name is borne with distinction in the present genera-
tion in the town of Westford in the Abbot Worsted Company, of
which John W, P. Abbot's youngest son, Abiel Jacob Abbot, an
able and successful New England manufacturer, is treasurer.
^.
.^--y-i.-^^^
HENRY ALLISON
MODESTY is a virtue of rare excellence, and when seen
through a long life of great usefulness embellishes every
noble trait. Not infrequently arrogance hides shallow-
ness, and dignity becomes ostentation. Such characteristics are
sure to repel those who might be friends. Modesty, however, awakens
confidence, sympathy, and esteem.
Henry Allison was born in Rome, Oneida County, New York,
Januar}^ 12, 1840. He was of English descent, the son of Thomas
Barnby of Yorkshire, England, and Lucy (Kenyon) Allison. His
mother was a most lovable woman, who died when he was but eight
years of age. His father was a farmer whose life was characterized
by industry, honesty, and kindness, and these traits the son inherited.
It were well for mankind had the more impetuous and often offensive
qualities been consigned to oblivion, while the nobler qualities were
allowed to fill their place in public appreciation.
Mr. Allison did not enjoy farm work, but remained with his father
until he was fourteen years of age. He preferred mercantile pur-
suits, especially banking, but had great difficulty in securing a good
education, as his father believed that learning to read, write, and gain
a little knowledge of arithmetic was quite education enough for a
young man.
He always showed taste for books and pictures. The life of
George Stevenson and other biographical works offered him spe-
cially profitable reading. He finished his scholastic training at Rome
Academy at the age of fourteen years and entered a store as a clerk.
The proprietors of the store always addressed him or spoke of him
as " Honesty." He spent three years and a half in stores in New York
State, six and a half years in the post-office at Fitchburg, Massachu-
setts, and for ten years he was teller of the Fitchburg State National
Bank. He then organized the Safety Fund National Bank and was
its efficient president for thirty years. For some years he has been
a trustee of the Fitchburg Savings Bank,
HENRY ALLISON
He was married June 8, 1870, to Mary, the daughter of Elijah
Marsh and Maria (Belding) Dickinson. Five children were born
to them: Fanny May, wife of F. P. Hewitt, Mabel, who died in in-
fancy, Edith, an artist, Ethel, a teacher, and Ruth, a musician.
At a mature age he is now passing the evening of life in the con-
fidence and esteem of the public he has so long and faithfully served.
Although a Republican in political principles, he has always
found politics distasteful and never allowed his name to be used for
any political office. He is a member of Jerusalem Commandery
of Free Masons, at Fitchburg. Massachusetts. For the past twenty
summers he has enjoyed life with his family at his country home in
Ashby, Massachusetts, amid its invigorating atmosphere and the
quiet growth of nature "trying to lead a simple life." Without
^ham or pomp or parade, he seeks to be honest, simple, true.
He recommends to the rising generation, honesty, sobriety,
promptness in all engagements, and keeping everlastingly at it.
It is not so much the kind of business or occupation, as it is the man
laehind it, that spells success. To illustrate this, Mr. Allison recalls
to mind the story of "pop-corn" Johnson, the father of that industry,
who first sold pop-corn on the street, and later, on the trains from
Fitchburg to Boston and from Boston to North Adams. He was
finally killed in a railroad accident but left his heirs quite a fortune.
So much for a small business with the right man behind it.
The people of Fitchburg have good reason to be grateful that
the "right man" was behind their banking interests for well-nigh a
generation.
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Jk. — «
a
al sense
achieve;.
l^P \v
;"CirU!iL Vi
JOHN FRANCIS BARKER
EPHRAIM BARKER came to this country from England
about the middle of the eighteenth century in company with
a brother Richard. This brother "went West" and no trace
of him survives. On February 27, 1752, Ephraim married Hannah
Grove. Their second son, John, was born in Pomfret, Connecticut,
December 18, 1756. At the age of thirty years, in 1786, John married
Esther Richardson of Leominster, Massachusetts. Their eighth
child, Albemarle, was born in Stoddard, New Hampshire, June 13,
1797. Albemarle was the father of John Francis, the subject of this
sketch. He married Abigal A. Francis of Marblehead, Massachu-
setts, and became the father of eight children, of whom John Francis
was the seventh. He was by trade a blacksmith. At the age of
forty-five he was paralyzed, as the result of an accident, and lived but
five years afterwards.
John Francis Barker was born in Needham, Massachusetts, on
December 16, 1839; he was therefore but nine years old when his
father died. At this tender age he went to work in a cotton-mill,
working fourteen hours a day for a trifle more than two cents an
hour, his daily wage being thirty-three cents. His career as a wage-
earner began even earlier, for when he was but four years old he
earned a quart of milk a day by driving a cow to and from pasture.
Compelled by circumstances thus early to earn his living, he
developed that habit of industry which has characterized his whole
subsequent life. His opportunities for acquiring education in the
usual sense of that word were limited to three months in the village
school each year, during the period between his ninth and twelfth
years of age. But, if he lacked opportunity for scholastic training,
he made good use of his time in the school of life, increasing his
knowledge, developing his mind and qualifying himself for the large
service which he had rendered the industrial world by his business
achievements and his numerous inventions.
When he was twelve years old John Francis Barker was employed
JOHN FRANCIS BARKER
by his brother Horace who carried on a steam-fitting business in
Lowell, Massachusetts. After four years, in 1855, he went to Phila-
delphia, where he followed the same line of work until 1862 when he
came to Springfield, Massachusetts, to take a position in "the Water
Shops" of the United States Armory. A few years later he became
first the treasurer and then the president of the Gilbert and Barker
Manufacturing Company. These offices he has filled continuously
for forty-five years. During these years of unremitting industry he
has taken out no less than one hundred patents, chiefly in the field
of gas machinery.
At one time he was a member of the Sixth Regiment of the Massa-
chusetts Volunteer Militia. In 1858 he married Miss Laura Pierce,
by whom he had three children. After her death he married, in 1888,
Miss Jennie Pierce, by whom he has had two children. For many
years he has been identified with the Masonic Fraternity, having
taken the thirty-second degree. He is also a member of the order of
Odd Fellows. In politics he is a Republican of the "stalwart" kind.
His chief amusement is driving horses; his main exercise is attending
to business.
During his long and laborious life he has cultivated his mind by
acquainting himself with standard works in the fields of history,
politics and general literature. In the development of his intellectual
and moral life he attributes much to the influence of his good mother
who lived to the advanced age of ninety-two years. The son honors
his mother by his industry, temperance, integrity of character and
success in business, and also by the esteem in which he is held by
all who know him. His counsel to his young fellow Americans is
characteristic: "Go to work; earn an honest living; pay your debts."
(^::^^y^.^7-yy ^'^^/;-o^f^~:^ e>^^-<;:^^^
HENRY HARRIS AUBREY BEACH
DR. HENRY HARRIS AUBREY BEACH was born in
Middleto^vn, Connecticut, December 18, 1843. His father
was a tailor, a man of unusual amiabilitj' of disposition and
dignity of deportment. The son early displayed a taste for music
and anatoni}'. Between school hours in boyhood he made himself
useful in all manner of domestic duties about the house and garden,
and early learned to be prompt in duty, systematic in work, neat and
courteous in personal habits and manners.
After leaving school he worked in the daytime and studied at
night, and so earned money to pay the expense of his medical edu-
cation as fast as the bills came due. He read eagerly all the books
on science and philosophy which he could secure, and only -udshed
that he had more money to buy what had been published and more
time to read what had been written. He passed through the Cam-
bridge grammar and the high schools, but he could not command
the means to go to college.
Reviewing his course, he calls it a "life of work all the way."
When twenty years of age he enlisted in the army and was immedi-
ately assigned to hospital service with the rank of sergeant of ord-
nance. He was actively employed on that responsible post until a
year after the close of the Civil War. After an honorable discharge
from the army, he was appointed, in 1867, surgical house officer at
the Massachusetts General Hospital. He graduated at the Medical
School of Harvard University and immediately began the practice
of medicine in Boston. Soon after he received the appointment of
surgeon to the Boston Dispensary and assistant demonstrator of
anatomy in the Medical School of Harvard University. Subse-
quently he became a member of the Harvard Medical Faculty, and
for fifteen years he continued teaching practical anatomy in con-
nection with the lectures of Dr. OUver Wendell Holmes. Since
then he has been a teacher in the department of clinical surgery,
and he has been successively surgeon to out-patients, visiting sur-
HENRY HARRIS AUBREY BEACH
geon, senior surgeon, and consulting surgeon at the Massachusetts
General Hospital. For two years he was assistant editor of the
"Boston Medical and Surgical Journal." He was president of the
Boylston Medical Society, and a member of many associations for
the advancement of medical, social, and general science. He pub-
lished a large number of articles descriptive of the treatment of
cases occurring in surgical and medical practice. He is said to have
been cool and self-possessed in the presence of suffering and danger,
and cautious and conscientious in operating.
As a mode of relaxation. Dr. Beach enjoyed and found helpful,
wood-life, and experiences incident to it, art of all kinds, especially
music and painting.
On December 2, 1885, he was married to Amy Marcy, daughter
of Charles Abbott and Clara I. (Marcy) Cheney, granddaughter of
Moses and Rebecca (Rundlett) Cheney, and of Chester and Amy
(Waterman) Marcy, a descendant from John Marcy and Godfrey
Dearborn, who came from England to New England in 1680 and 1630
respectively. Mrs. Beach is a composer and pianist of international
fame.
Dr. Beach wrote for the readers of this work the following words :
"The influence of home, of school, of private study, of contact with
men in active life, have all been strong upon my career. Success in
life depends on steady industry, perseverance in the face of obstacles,
courage to do everything as well as it can be done, and on the exer-
cise of sound judgment in the adoption of a pursuit. Our relations
with others should be dominated by the strictest integrity and fair
dealing, without envy of more successful competitors ; we should aim
to learn wisdom from our errors and failures and be willing to accept
with submission the implacable obstruction to all ambition, of
premature disease and death."
Dr. Beach died June 28, 1910, after a short illness following an
accident. His mental powers continued at their highest up to the
last hour of his life.
\/}/\y^^^7)y^
l/Lz-U^^-Y^
WILMON WHILLDIN BLACKMAR
GENERAL WILMON WHILLDIN BLACKMAR, lawyer,
business man, and commander-in-chief of the Grand Army
of the Republic, was born at Bristol, Pennsylvania, July 25,
1841, and, greatly to the sorrow of his fellow-citizens, died at Boise
City, Idaho, July 16, 1905. His father. Rev. Joseph Blackmar, a
minister of the Christian denomination, was born in Dudley, Massa-
chusetts, in 1800 and died in 1878; a man of a retiring disposition,
marked calmness of demeanor, but possessed of large capacity and
a warm heart. His mother, whose maiden name was Eliza Jane
Philbrick, a native of Andover, New Hampshire, was a woman of
unusual intellectual ability, and exerted a strong domestic influ-
ence. Both parents were of English descent and took especial
pains to cultivate correct English speech and manners. Young
Blackmar studied at the Brimmer School in Boston, the Bridge-
water Normal School and entered the Phillips Exeter Academy in.
1861; but at the call of his country he enlisted in the army in 1862.
After the war he entered the Harvard Law School, whence he was
graduated in 1867, with the degree of LL.B., and in that same year
he was admitted to the Suffolk Bar.
General Blackmar's military record was as follows: he enlisted
August 23, 1862, as private in the Fifteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry;
was promoted to be second lieutenant, at Chattanooga, Tennessee,
March 3, 1864, in the First West Virginia Cavalry. April 11, 1864,
he was detailed as provost marshal of his brigade. May 15, 1865,
on the field of Five Forks, he was promoted by General Custer, and
on his recommendation was made captain; and for gallantry in
that same engagement he received a Congressional medal of honor,
October 13, 1897. At his discharge, at the end of the Civil War,
July 8, 1865, he was captain of Company H, First Regiment of
West Virginia Cavalry. His brigade commander, as lieutenant,
was Col. James M. Schoonmaker, and by him he was made provost
marshal of the brigade. He subsequently served as provost mar-
WILMON WHILLDIN BLACKMAR
shal and assistant adjutant-general on the staffs of Gen. W. H.
Powell, and Gen. Henry Capehart, who commanded brigades and
divisions respectively under Generals Custer and Sheridan. Among
the battles participated in by General Blackmar were the following:
Antietam, Stone River, Chicamauga, Chattanooga, Missionary
Ridge, Sheridan's Shenandoah Campaign, battles around Peters-
burg, Dinwiddle Court House, Five Forks, Sailor's Creek; and he
was present at Lee's Surrender at Appomattox. Repeatedly he won
commendation for his remarkable courage. The particular instance
of gallant conduct for which he was granted a medal of honor after
the war, in November, 1897, and in accordance with special recom-
mendation by the War Department, was described as follows:
^'Near Five Forks, April, 1865, this officer, then a lieutenant in First
West Virginia Cavalry and provost marshal of a cavalry brigade,
having been ordered to form a new line at a critical stage of the
action, while the men were being pressed back, carried out this
instruction, and then, without orders, proceeded and advanced
the line, calling upon the color-bearer to follow. This call being
repeated, the line advanced, a charge was made and the enemy
routed."
In an address delivered before the Grand Army post of Hing-
ham. General Blackmar was induced to give his own version of this
affair. From this it appears that Capehart's brigade had been fight-
ing, dismounted, all night at Dinwiddle Court House, and nearly
all day near Five Forks; when, mounting again, they were driving
the enemy from their front. Blackmar, however, discovered a
body of our men hard pressed by what proved to be the main army
of the enemy, while our cavalry had been misled into following
a mere detachment. Riding rapidly after Capehart, he told him
what he had discovered; and he was then ordered to take the colors,
form a new line facing the main body of the enemy, while Capehart
would gather his men to join this new line. Obeying orders, Black-
mar formed the new line and advanced with it till, coming to a wide
and deep ditch, he leaped across it, bidding the colors follow. The
bearer hesitated, and the command was repeated. Blackmar sup-
posed himself to be alone on the enemy's side of the ditch, when
suddenly General Custer laid his hand on his shoulder, saying,
''Captain, go and get the colors." The men heard this and no
longer hesitated, but sprang over the ditch, charged and routed the
WILMON WHILLDIN BLACKMAR
foe, pursuing them for five miles, capturing prisoners, taking can-
non and wagons till darkness and exhaustion made them desist.
It was in recognition of such gallantry in battle that bj^ General
Custer's recommendation the lieutenant was promoted to a cap-
taincy, and later on the War Department gave him a special medal
of honor.
General Blackmar was an enthusiastic and loyal veteran to the
end of his days. He was a founder and first commander of the
Edward W. Kinsley post 113, G. A. R. He served as judge advo-
cate, and also as commander of the department of Massachusetts,
G. A. R. He was likewise for ten years, namely, from 1873 to 1883,
judge advocate general on the staffs of governors Washburn, Talbot,
Rice and Long; an office that carries with it the rank and title of
brigadier-general. He was a member and vice-commander for four
years of the Loyal Legion. He represented for three years the
state as the Massachusetts member of the national council of
administration of the G. A. R. On the 18th of x\ugust, 1904, he had
the distinction of being elected by acclamation national commander-
in-chief of the Grand Arni}^ of the Republic, the most exalted honor
within the gift of that organization. He accepted it as a sacred
trust to which his time and money were to be given without stint.
In pursuance of a plan of visiting all the scattered departments,
accompanied b}^ Mrs. Blackmar and his chief of staff, General John
E. Gilman, he made a journey of ten thousand miles, from which
he returned home IMay 28, 1905, elated and happy by his enthusi-
astic reception as guest of the various posts and departments which
he had visited during the trip.
A remarkable souvenir of the war times is the identical chair
in which General Grant sat at Appomattox when he wrote the terms
of capitulation to be signed by Gen. Robert E. Lee. This arm-
chair was bought for ten dollars from the owner of the house, Mr.
Wilmer McLean, by General Capehart, and carried in front of him
on his horse to his headquarters by General Blackmar, to whom it
was finally given as a friendly token by General Capehart, ac-
companied by his affidavit as to the facts. In his will the chair
was left to the Smithsonian Institute, where it takes its place with
the General Grant relics.
As a la^\^er General Blackmar's career was active and success-
ful. For twenty years he was a partner of Henry Newton Sheldon,
WILMON WHILLDIN BLACKMAR
later associate justice of the Superior Court of Massachusetts, and
still later of the Supreme Judicial Court of the same. He was not
only an able lawyer, but his established character as a man of in-
tegrity caused him to be made the custodian of numerous estates
and trusts. He was a director of the Hamilton Woolen Company;
a director of the Nantasket Beach Steamboat Company; a director
and vice-president of the First National Bank of Boston; and he
was presidential elector from the twelfth district in 1900. He was
through life an ardent and faithful adherent of the Republican party,
and as such served in 1871 and 1872 in the Boston Common Council.
He was a Mason; a member of the Boston Art Club; of the Union
Club of Boston; of the Wompatuck Club of Hingham; of the Uni-
tarian Club of Boston; of the Bar Association of Boston, and of
other societies and associations. He was a loyal Unitarian, for
some time in attendance on the ministry of the Rev. Minot J. Savage
in Boston; later a member of the First Church in Hingham, and a
member of the standing committee of the Second Church in Boston.
On the walls of the Second Church, in connection with its obser-
vance of its 257th anniversary, November 25, 1906, was placed a
bronze tablet in his memory, and unveiled with eloquent tributes
by the pastor of the church, Rev. Thomas Van Ness, and by Hon.
Stephen M. Crosby, the chairman of the standing committee. A
similar tablet was placed in the old Meeting-house in Hingham by
the Commandery of the Loyal Legion.
On the 17th of November, 1880, General Blackmar married
Helen R., the eldest daughter of John R. and Caroline F. (Sayles)
Brewer; granddaughter of Thomas and Abigail (Stone) Brewer,
and of Willard and Maria F. Sayles. She descended from Captain
James Brewer, of Revolutionary fame, who was a courier between
Congress and the Revolutionary Army under General Washington.
It was at Captain Brewer's house, at the foot of Summer Street,
Boston, that Mrs. Brewer helped to dress and blacken the faces
of those who threw the tea cargo overboard in Boston Bay, an act
in which Captain Brewer himself participated. An only son of
General and Mrs. Blackmar, was named John, and died August 18,
1881. Their Boston home was one of the most attractive of the
many elegant residences on Commonwealth Avenue; and their
summer home was on the Brewer estate in Hingham, regarded as
one of the most beautiful on the South shore.
^^T^i!!yL^cL't^^.yL. (C--:::::::^-'-^*-^^^^^
WILLIAM OSGOOD BLANEY
THE paternal . and maternal ancestors of William O. Blaney
came from Scotland, and settled in Boston before the stir-
ring days of the Revolution. They brought with them
the characteristics common to the Scottish people, — shrewdness,
strength, energy, integrity, and imparted these to their descendants.
William O. Blaney was born in Bristol, Maine, July 16, 1841,
the son of Arnold and Nancy (Hunter) Blaney. Arnold Blaney
was a prominent man in the town in which he lived, filled numerous
public positions, and was for many years Judge of Probate of Lincoln
County, Maine. His son, William O. Blaney, was educated in the
public schools of Bristol, and at Lincoln Academy, one of the old-
time country academies that have been the nursery of some of the
strongest men and women in American life.
The lure of the city which has drawn so many boys from Maine
farms and villages laid its spell upon him. In 1863 he came to
Boston and entered the employ of Davis & Crosby, flour and grain
merchants. His rise was rapid. He showed such marked ability
that in 1869 he succeeded to the business of the firm under the
name of W. O. Blaney. A few years later the firm name was
changed to Crosby & Blaney. Upon Mr. Crosby's death in 1879
the name was again changed to Blaney, Brown & Company, under
which the business was carried on to the time of its dissolution in
1904, continually expanding until the concern became, without
doubt, the largest dealer in and receiver of flour and grain in the
city.
Mr. Blaney was not content to confine his activities to his own
business. He was a leading factor in the commercial development
of the city of his choice. In 1869 he became a member of the Com-
mercial Exchange. His ability as an organizer and administrator
was recognized by his associates, and he was made director in 1879,
later vice-president, and finally president of the Exchange. In
1885 the Commercial Exchange and Produce Exchange were con-
WILLIAM OSGOOD BLANEY
solidated under the name of the Boston Chamber of Commerce.
Mr, Blaney was appointed chairman of the committee on transpor-
tation, and afterwards elected chairman of the committee on arbi-
tration.
It was his ambition that this powerful organization should have
a home worthy of its name. When a committee was appointed to
secure a site and erect a new building, he was made its chairman.
The splendid structure, which was begun in April, 1890, and com-
pleted in February, 1892, is due in a large measure to his successful
planning, constant oversight and unflagging interest. He rightly
regarded this as one of the proudest achievements of his career, and
his associates in the Chamber of Commerce gave him great credit
for his foresight and success in this great work. After the comple-
tion of the building he served continuously as chairman of the real
estate trustees until his death.
For six years Mr. Blaney was a delegate from the Chamber of
Commerce to the Associated Board of Trade, and held the position
of vice-president of the latter body. The matter of transportation,
local, western and international, always excited his lively interest,
and received a great deal of his attention.
Mr. Blaney was president of the Commercial National Bank of
Boston from 1900, president of the American Congregational Associa-
tion from 1900, and director and vice-president of the John Hancock
Mutual Life Insurance Company from 1904 to the date of his death.
The reorganization of the Commercial National Bank in 1900 with
an increased capitalization required a strong man at its head, and
when Mr. Blaney was selected as its president it was an assurance
that the future of the bank would be not only secure, but progres-
sive. The commodious and prosperous headquarters of the American
Congregational Association on Beacon Street, and the magnificent
building of the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company on
Franklin Street, in the erection of both of which he was actively
interested, bear substantial witness to the character of his service
to those organizations. He also found time to render efficient ser-
vice to the Commonwealth as a trustee of the Medfield State Asylum
from the date of his appointment by Governor Russell in 1893 to
the time of his death.
He was a Mason, a member of the Boston Art Club, Exchange
Club, Congregational Club, Brae Burn Country Club, and the
WILLIAM OSGOOD BLANEY
Merchants Club of Boston, of which he was president in 1901. He
was long affiliated with the Old South Congregational Church, an
admirer and warm friend of its talented and famous pastor, Dr.
George A. Gordon, and a generous supporter of its many benevo-
lences.
Mr. Blaney never took an active part in politics. His sympathies
were with the Democratic party, but he acted independently when-
ever that party espoused measures not in harmony with his views.
He was a member for a number of years of the executive committee
of the Good Government Association of Boston.
He found his chief recreation in golf, the national game of the
country of his ancestors.
On May 16, 1867, he was married to Loella E., daughter of
William and Jane (Richards) Huston, of Bristol, Maine. Their mar-
ried life of over forty-three years was an exceptionally happy one.
Two children v/ere born to them, Charles C. Blaney, an attorney,
and Louise Blaney, who died in 1902.
For many years Mr. Blaney resided in a beautiful home on Com-
monwealth Avenue, where he died November 12, 1910. His death
removed one whose marked personality made him a success as a
business man, as a devoted public servant, as a pillar of strength in
his church, and with ties of friendship in all his walks of life. The
astuteness of his mind, which worked out successfully the complex
problems filling his busy life, rendered his whole-hearted service
of peculiar and significant value; his rigid honesty gained for him the
confidence of others; his opinions once formed and expressed left
little room for doubt as to what his convictions were, and carried the
suggestion that right must prevail, and that he was ready to stand
by and fight for its maintenance. Combined with all this sturdiness
of character and opinion, there was the gentler aspect of life in tender
family relations, loyalty in friendships, and generous readiness to
help all who sought the benefit of his practical experience and
wisdom.
WALDO ELIAS BOARDMAN
WALDO ELIAS BOARDMAN, business man, patent solicitor,
newspaper publisher, dental surgeon and curator of the
Dental Museum of Harvard University from 1893, was
born in Saco, York County, Maine, September 1, 185 L His father,
Elias Boardman (1822-1901), the son of Elias Boardman of South
Reading, Massachusetts, son of Deacon Elias and Hannah (Lewis)
Boardman, was a manufacturer and dealer in boots and shoes, and
for the last twenty years of his life a farmer in Haverhill, Massachu-
setts. He was a man of positive character, nervous disposition
and active temperament. His first ancestor in America was William
Bordman, who came from Cambridge, England, in the ship John of
London, to Boston in 1638, and located in Cambridge, then known
as Newtowne. He was probably born in 1614 and died in Cam-
bridge, 1685. He was a major in the militia and was steward of
Harvard College, 1703-47.
Dr. Boardman's great uncle. Colonel Amos Boardman (1755-
1823), was a soldier in the Continental Army, colonel of the militia;
and his grandfather. Deacon Elias Boardman (1759-1841) brother
of Colonel Amos, also a Revolutionary hero and pensioner, serving
in the army, 1776-1779. Elias Boardman married Sarah Hartshorn,
daughter of Joseph Hopkins (1761-1853), of Reading, Massachu-
setts, who served in the army of the American Revolution, 1777-80,
his entire active service amounting to a period of twenty-six and a
half months. He was a Revolutionary pensioner from September 5,
1832, and his widow a pensioner from the time of his death in 1853.
Her ancestor, Captain Jonathan Poole, 1634-1678, was a noted Indian
fighter in King Philip's War, serving as quartermaster, 1671-74, and
as cornet of the "Three County Troop," 1675.
Waldo Elias Boardman was brought up in the town of Saco and
early displayed a passion for mechanics and for collecting insects.
His mother was his moral mentor; his most helpful books he names
as biography, history and travels; and his school attendance was
WALDO ELIAS BOARDMAN
limited to the public schools of Saco and a private school in Port-
land. He assisted in his father's boot and shoe store up to 1871,
and he then removed to Boston as clerk and confidential secretary
in the office of Frederick Curtis, where he was clerk and solicitor,
1871-77. He then engaged in the newspaper business, confection-
ary business, drug business and in 1883, determining to fit himself
for the profession of dentistry, he entered the dental department at
Harvard University and was graduated D.M.D. in 1886.
He was married June 15, 1882, to Margaret Elizabeth, daughter
of Thomas and Julia (Clark) Brown, of Boston. They had no
children. He practised dentistry in Boston from 1885, and in
1890 was made instructor in operative dentistry in the dental depart-
ment of Harvard University, holding the position, 1890-1900. He
was curator of the dental museum from 1891, editor of the Quinquen-
nial Catalogue of the Dental School from 1896, and librarian of the
dental library from 1897. He was made a member of the adminis-
trative board of the dental department, Harvard University, in
1899. He became a member of the Harvard Dental Alumni Asso-
ciation in 1886, a member of the executive committee in 1894, and
secretary and chairman of the committee in 1895, which office he
still holds. He was elected an active member of the Harvard
Odontological Society in 1887; was recording secretary and chair-
man ex officio of the executive committee, 1891-96, and president of
the society for two years, 1896-97. He was temporary president of
the Metropolitan District Dental Association at its organization in
1895 and was treasurer of the society from April, 1896. He organ-
ized the North and South Metropolitan District Dental Societies,
also the North Eastern, Central and South Eastern District Dental
Societies in 1895. In 1887 he was elected an active member of the
Massachusetts Dental Society, was a member of the executive com-
mittee, 1889-94; and secretary of executive committee, 1889-94;
second vice-president, 1894; first vice-president, 1895; presidentr
1896; a member of the executive committee from 1897 and chairman
of the committee, 1900-08. He also served as councilor, 1895-96,
and editor, 1898-1904. He was a member of the Northeastern
Dental Association from 1897, member of the executive committee
and chairman, 1898-99; president, 1899-1900; member of the execu-
tive committee and chairman, 1901-06. The Academy of Dental
Science elected him to membership in 1899, and the New York Insti-
WALDO ELIAS BOARDMAN
tute of Stomatology, an asociate member in 1904. He served as a
member of the committee of organization of the Fourth International
Dental Congress at St. Louis, Missouri, 1904; was chairman of the
committee on publication of proceedings, member of the committee
on nomination of officers and of the finance committee. The
National Dental Association elected him an active member in
August, 1899, and he was made a member of the necrology com-
mittee, 1900-03, and of the executive council 1902; vice-president
for the East, 1903; president from September, 1904-05, and chair-
man Local Committee of Arrangements, annual meeting at Boston,
July 28-31, 1908, and a member of the Federation Dentaire Inter-
nationale and of the Interstate Dental Fraternity, 1902, and the
Dental Protective Association of the United States, June, 1892; a
member of the Boston City Club since June, 1907.
His patriotic, civic and social affiliations include life membership
in the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution; Massachu-
setts Charitable Mechanics Association; Webster Historical Society
(now defunct); was a member of the World's Columbian Dental
Congress, 1893, Chicago, Illinois, and member of the Massachusetts
State finance committee for that Congress. Is a member of the
American Medical Association; honorary chairman for State of Massa-
chusetts Lewis and Clark Dental Congress, Portland, Oregon, 1905,
also honorary president of the Congress, and a vice-president of the
Winthrop Town Government Association; and member of its execu-
tive committee; life member Boston Young Men's Christian Union,
and a member in the Boston Art Club and the Boston Chapter,
Sons of the Revolution. He served the Commonwealth as a Justice
of the Peace from 1874 and as a notary public from 1876, by suc-
cessive appointments made by the governor every seven years. His
political affiliation was with the Republican party, but he parted from
it on tariff and monetary issues. His religious affiliation is with
the Baptist denomination. His recreation from his professional
duties: walking, automobiling, gardening, fishing and golfing. He
says to young men: "Assiduous attention to duty, and hard work
combined with moral qualities will enable any young man with a
fair degree of health to attain the summit of his ambition."
<Srz^^'
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LEROY SUNDERLAND BROWN
"' I ^0 be born on a Maine farm, reared in a country village,
I educated in a country school and a New England acad-
emy is one of the most fortunate things that can happen
to a young man," remarked an eminent New England editor.
This is the early history of many of the leading men of Boston and
Massachusetts. Living ''near to Nature's heart," early accustomed
to hard work, learning habits of thrift and economy, impressed with
the supreme value of education and religion by honest and God-
fearing parents, they laid the foundations of successful careers.
This good fortune came to Leroy S. Brown, who celebrated the
anniversary of the battles of Lexington and Concord by appearing
on the scene of action on April 19, in the year 1852, in the "down
east" town of China, Maine.
It is a singular and interesting coincidence that Mr. Brown has
recently acquired the old Jonathan Harrington house on Elm Avenue,
opposite the Battle Green in Lexington. Jonathan Harrington,
after being mortally wounded in the battle of Lexington dragged,
himself to the step in front of this house, and died in his wife's arms.
Mr. Brown also acquired the adjoining estate on Elm Avenue, owned
and occupied at that time by Daniel Harrington (one of the Com-
mittee of Safety), where he intends to make his permanent home.
It is most fitting that he should thus commemorate this anni-
versary, for one of his ancestors. Col. Josiah Hayden, Bridgewater,
Massachusetts, rendered distinguished services in the Revolution-
ary War as a brave officer. He was a branch of the Hayden family
that in the early days of the country's settlement migrated from
Devonshire, England, where his maternal ancestry has been traced
back to the Cromwells in the fifteenth century. Mr. Brown's
paternal grandfather and grandmother were born in Rochester, New
Hampshire, and Milton, New Hampshire, respectively, and moved
to Vassalboro, Maine, where Mr. Brown's father, John Hanson
Brown, was born.
LEROY SUNDERLAND BROWN
Mr. John Brown was a thrifty farmer, a man highly esteemed
for his sturdy character and just deahngs. He was a man of strict
rehgious views and consistent Christian hfe. Young Brown's mother,
whose maiden name was Sarah Copeland Hey^vood, was a woman of
superior mental and spiritual qualities, and her strong personality
left a deep and lasting impression upon the character of her son.
Young Brown was the sixth of a family of seven brothers and one
sister.
To a farmer's boy in eastern Maine, the opportunities for an edu-
cation were scanty in the fifties and sixties; but young Brown made
the most of these, and when he had absorbed all he could find in
the schools of his native town, he entered Houlton Academy, and
he earned the money to pay his tuition. Being naturally a bright
scholar, he found no difficulty in leading his classes in the country
school and academy. At the early age of sixteen, he assumed the
responsibility and dignity of a schoolmaster, with a success that
indicated that he would have reached an eminent position in the
teaching profession had he made that his life calling. The few
books that were available he read with eagerness, being especially
interested in the life of the great naturalist, Audubon. He was
offered a position in his uncles' store, which he accepted, and this
changed his career from school teaching to business pursuits.
To many ambitious boys, toiling on farms or clerking in stores,
the lure of the great city is irresistible. Some yield to its fascinat-
ing call only to meet with disappointment and failure. They are
not willing to pay the price of success in toil, self-denial and integ-
rity. Young Brown, however, had served his apprenticeship with
conspicuous fidelity. His life on the farm, in the home, at school
and in the store had given him good health, a capacity for hard
work, mental alertness and high moral ideals. With this splendid
equipment he bade farewell to his native town and at the age of
twenty began his real life-work, at the foot of the ladder, as clerk
for Crosby & Blaney, flour and grain merchants, in the city of
Boston. About six years later Mr. BrowTi became a partner, the
firm name being changed to Blaney, Brown & Company, Mr. Brown
remaining an active member of that reputable and successful firm
during its existence of nearly thirty years, later entering extensively
into the flour and milling business, with mills located in the
West.
LEROY SUNDERLAND BROWN
His steady rise in the business world is the result of strict atten-
tion to business, the capacity to see and grasp new opportunities
for growth, unswerving integrity and generous friendships.
To-day he is director and treasurer of Lawrenceburg Roller Mills
Company, Lawrenceburg, Indiana, director and treasurer of the Bay
State Milling Company, Winona, Mimiesota, and is director in other
important commercial enterprises.
He has for many years been an active member of the Boston
Chamber of Commerce, and served as a director and vice-president
of that organization. He is also a member of the Middlesex Club,
Exchange Club, Boston Athletic Association, and Columbian Lodge
and St. Andrews Chapter of Free and Accepted IMasons. He has
never been active in politics, but has steadily adhered to the polit-
ical doctrines of the Republican party.
He is an attendant at the services of the Unitarian Church and
has been a generous supporter of many philanthropic causes.
His early love of nature has not been destroyed by business cares,
and he finds recreation in roaming through the woods or boating or
fishing on the lakes as in the days of his boyhood. One who in early
life has felt the charm of wood and field, lake and river, birds and
flowers cannot get away from their spell in the maturer years.
On November 23, 1880, Mr. Brown was married to Geneva M.
Philbrick, daughter of Merchant and Ellen Philbrick. In 1904 a
great sorrow came to their home, when their only child, Maynard
Philbrick Brown, was taken away at the age of nineteen, just as he
was entering upon young manhood.
To-day there are boys on farms and in country stores dream-
ing of great business careers in a metropolis. To such Mr. Brown
would point out, not the royal highway from farm to great heights
of business achievement, but the plain homely path "of strict
truthfulness, just dealings and hard, persevering toil."
WILLIAM MORTON BUNTING
WILLIAM MORTON BUNTING was born in the city of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, March 24, 1855, of good
English ancestry. His father, John Bunting (born in
1802), died in 1866, leaving his son fatherless at the age of eleven
years. His mother, whose maiden name was Elvira Andrews,
exerted a strong influence in the mental, moral and religious Hfe
of her boy, and did what she could to help him surmount the diffi-
culties that lay in the way of his acquiring an education, which he
obtained in the admirable public schools of his native city. In boy-
hood, as well as in manhood, he has enjoyed general literature, with-
out specifying lines of favorite reading.
Not exhibiting an inclination toward his father's occupation
as an engraver, he began active life as a clerk in a broker's office
in Philadelphia. Then he was engaged in the firearms business
in New York City till 1882. About this time his attention was
directed toward what has absorbed his energies ever since, namely,
the business of life insurance. For two years, 1882-84, Mr. Bunting
was general agent in Massachusetts for the Penn Mutual Life
Insurance Company; since when, down to the present time, he has
been manager for the same important company for all New Eng-
land, with his ofiice in the Penn Mutual Building, Boston. He is
likewise a member of the firm of Plympton and Bunting that was
organized in 1884. He is a trustee of the North End Savings Bank;
a director and member of the Executive Committee of the Beacon
Trust Company; member and trustee of the One Hundred Asso-
ciates.
His eminent services as a citizen occasioned his appointment on
the staff of Governors Greenhalge and Roger Wolcott in 1894,
1895 and 1896, with the rank of colonel, a position which he filled
with distinction. He has from the first been identified with the
Republican party, from allegiance to which he has never swerved.
Though not directly affiliated with any religious organization, Mr.
WILLIAM MORTON BUNTING
Bunting has sought to exemphfy the virtues of truthfulness, hon-
esty, industry and energetic service of mankind.
Few can reahze how great has been the service of such a man,
unless a(|quainted with the history of American life insurance — a
task not contemplated in this sketch. Enough now to say that
this interesting department of business has had more attention in
the United States than in any other country; and that, although its
history goes back to quite an early period, its main development has
been made during the lifetime of ]Mr. Bunting. No company has
done more to offer substantial security to its patrons than the con-
cern whose affairs have been so ably managed by him for New Eng-
land. The powers and responsibilities involved in such management
are necessarily very great and varied. Only a man of unusual integ-
rity and ability could meet the requirements of the position. When
we consider the diversified interests that are thus safely provided
for annually in thousands of homes where otherwise the calamity
of death would be intensified a hundredfold, we see the value of
such a man to the communitj^ which has the benefit of his labors.
Mr. Bunting stands high in the Masonic fraternity, having taken
the 32d degree, and being a member of the St. Bernard Commandery.
He belongs to a number of prominent clubs: the Algonquin Club,
of which he is a director; the Boston Athletic Association; the Eastern
Yacht Club; the Country Club, and the Tedesco Country Club,
of which he was formerly president. These clubs have given him
the recreation needed by a busy man; though now his main form of
recreation is automobiling.
He married, in Philadelphia, December 19, 1881, Mary, the
daughter of James H. and Sarah A. Alexander, a descendant from
ancestors who came from Holland to America in colonial days.
Two children have been born to them, namely, William M. Bunt-
ing, Jr., who follows his father's example by engaging in the insur-
ance business, and Florence (Bunting) Rothwell.
GEORGE WASHINGTON GATE
GEORGE WASHINGTON GATE, son of Jonathan and Mary
(Johnson) Gate, was born m Northwood, New Hampshire,
March 10, 1834. His father was born in 1796 and died in
1882. His mother was born in 1801 and died in 1870; his grand-
fathers were Daniel Gate, born in 1762, and John Johnson, born in
1758. His grandmothers' names before marriage were Sally Gate
and Sally Jenness.
His father was a farmer and also filled the honorable position
of teacher in the public schools of New Hampshire, schools that
have done most excellent service in fitting men and women for high
and influential positions in almost every State in the Union.
Mr. Gate's ancestors came from England and settled in Ports-
mouth, though the precise date of their arrival in the New World
is not definitely known. The family tree will show that among
their descendants are many men and women of splendid character
and attainments, among whom may be mentioned Hon. Asa P.
Gate, late of Northfield, New Hampshire, and George W. Gate,
late judge of the United States Gourt in Wisconsin, and a member of
Gongress.
Mr. Gate was not reared in the lap of luxury, but early deter-
mined to depend upon his own honest exertion and faithful toil.
His father's farm was the scene of his earliest labors, and it is a
well-known fact that the average New Hampshire farm offers a
fine opportunity for the development of patience, skill, and down-
right hard work, qualities that are essential to achievement.
The farm work, however, was in due time given up and the trade
of shoemaker was mastered. At that time the shoemaker was a
real artist and made shoes for manufacturers in Haverhill and Lynn.
With work on the farm, making shoes and boots, and teaching school
in winters Mr. Gate was able by his o^\ti efforts and such assistance
as his father could give him to prepare for and complete his course
in college. His good mother with a wise and steady hand guided
.sn
wr%
GEORGE WASHINGTON GATE
his thoughts and actions, and left the imprint of her moral and
spiritual influence on all his after life.
Next to his mother's influence was the influence of the books
he read in his early life. The speeches of Clay and Webster, the
writings of Alexander Hamilton, Jefferson and Chief Justice Mar-
shall furnished the pabulum upon which his intellect grew and
gathered strength for the arduous duties of the legal profession.
He prepared for college at Pembroke, New Hampshire, and was.
graduated from Dartmouth College in 1861, in the class with Pres-
ident Tucker, George A. Harden, and other well-known men.
He began his active life-work as a lawyer in Amesbury, Massa-
chusetts, in 1866. Previous to this he had been school commis-
sioner for Rockingham County, New Hampshire, secretary of the
New Hampshire Board of Education, and assistant assessor of
Internal Revenue in 1861. After locating in Amesbury, Massachu-
setts, he married Caroline C, daughter of David Batchelder.
While quietly sitting in his office in Amesbury one day in 1876,
he was surprised at the entrance of John Greenleaf Whittier, the
poet and philanthropist. He invited Mr. Cate to take up his
residence with him in his home place in Amesbury, where he had
lived since 1836, and where his mother and sister had lived and
died. Mr. Cate accepted and continued to live with him until
his death, which occurred in September, 1892. He was one of Mr.
Whittier's closest social and political friends, and at his death was
appointed executor of his will without surety on his official bond.
Since residmg in Massachusetts, Mr. Cate served as trial justice
from 1868 to 1888. Then on the establishment of the Second Dis-
trict Court of Essex County he was appointed judge, which office
he has held to the present date. In the meantime he has been State
Senator for two years, 1877-78, delegate to the Republican National
Convention in Chicago in 1884, and has been an active and influ-
ential citizen of Amesbury, and interested in all that concerns the
best interests of the town and Commonwealth where he resides.
As the result of his experience on the farm, in the shoe shop and
in working his way through college, and in his varied experiences
as an attorney, he is firmly convinced " that the great need of the
young man of to-day is honesty, industiy, economy and persever-
ance, with a firm purpose to make the best possible use of time
and opportunity."
CHESTER WARD CLARK
CHESTER WARD CLARK was born in the town of Glover,
in the state of Vermont. He received his education at the
Oleans Liberal Institute, Phillips Exeter Academy and
from private instructors. He studied law for four years in the office
of B. C. Moulton in Boston, and was admitted to the bar in 1878.
He has a law office in Boston, and his home residence is in Wil-
mington, Massachusetts. From the quietude of a country home,
the pleasant associations of an intelligent neighborhood and the
inspirations of the historic New England church, he draws steadiness
of nerve and resources of energy and serenity of mind to meet the
conflicts of life in the stirring and crowded city, and to give safe
and fitting counsel for the conduct of the affairs of the Common-
wealth. He has served for several years as a member of the Massa-
chusetts Senate and the House of Representatives ; and he has been
appointed on the most important committees for the fulfilment of
the ordinary duties of legislation and for the especial revision and
consolidation of the Public Statutes.
He took a prominent part in the passage of the act to consolidate
and re-incorporate the gas companies of Boston; and as chairman
of the joint committee on public lighting he pushed through, against
much opposition, the so-called "sliding scale" act, which benefited
the consumers of gas in the city of Boston. This act provided that
any increase of dividends to the stockholders should be dependent
upon a corresponding decrease in the price of gas. As chairman of
the joint committee on the judiciary, he was largely instrumental in
securing the adoption of the finger-print system for the identification
of criminals; the establishment of the juvenile court of Boston; and
the legislation providing for the enlargement of the Suffolk County
court-house by the erection thereon of further stories, as opposed to
the plan of constructing an additional building on adjoining land,
thus permanently insuring a more symmetrical appearance of the
■architecture of that part of the city.
CLi.iJxx d^Gi^
'OC^/.
CHESTER WARD CLARK
Mr. Clark has been called repeatedly to give the benefit of his
sound judgment and large experience to the adjusting numerous
matters pertaining to the interests of the Commonwealth. In all he
has proved himself to be a wise counselor and a safe guardian of
the public welfare.
Mr. Clark, in speaking in behalf of young men just starting out
in life, says that " the key to business prosperity is the selection of an
occupation for which one is adapted by natural endowment. Next
in importance is the cultivation of patience and fidelity in devotion
to every present duty and waiting for success to come in its time.
The worker should remember two things: first, that in most cases
success comes only after the constant work of many years; and
second, that long, diligent and conscientious application in a par-
ticular line of duty will generally achieve success. Many a young
man, because impatient of results, has shifted too often from one
pursuit to another, and thus has dissipated those energies which
ultimately would have secured an ample reward, if they had been
directed in one channel, and if a single aim had been adhered to in
the face of all discouragements."
DeWTTT SCOVILLE CLARK
DeWITT SCOVILLE GLARK was born in Chicopee, Massa-
chusetts, September 11, 1841. He was the son of Eli
Benedict Clark, born in 1808 at Waterbury, Connecticut,
died in 1889 at Springfield, Massachusetts, and Cornelia DeWitt,
born in Milford, Connecticut, 1807, died at Chicopee, 1880. His
father's parents were Eli Clark, born in 1764, died in 1843, and
Rebecca Benedict. His father was a Congregational clergyman,
for thirty-six years pastor of the First Congregational Church at
Chicopee. He was a preacher of good ability and power, and
was characterized by cheerfulness, thrift, sincerity, and sympathy.
During his long pastorate he was greatly beloved, not only by his
own congregation, but by the entire community.
Dr. Clark's maternal grandparents were Garrit DeWitt, born in
1761, died in 1847, and Elizabeth Baldwin. His mother was a
woman of unusual refinement and culture and exerted a particularly
strong influence upon the intellectual as well as the moral and
religious life of her family.
On his father's side, Dr. Clark's ancestry may be traced to Wil-
liam Clark who came from England to Dorchester, Massachusetts,
in 1637, and thence removed to Northampton in the same state, in
1659. On the mother's side. Dr. Clark's great-great-grandfather,
John DeWitt, was made a freeman in New York, in 1748. His
father, Peter DeWitt, probably came from Holland, though his
name does not appear on the list of inhabitants in 1703. The
family is believed to be descended from Cornelius DeWitt, a Dutch
statesman who was murdered on account of his opposition to the
House of Orange, and whose family is known, in consequence, to have
immigrated to America.
Dr. Clark's boyhood was passed in attending the village school
and in the performance of the small tasks likely to dc ^Ive upon a
minister's son in the way of caring for the home. He was taught
to be economical, but his parents providd everything that was
DeWITT SCOVILLE CLARK
actually necessary in order to enable him to acquire an education.
He held one of the " state scholarships " at that time established by
the Legislature of the Commonwealth.
His early tastes were developed by reading the biographies of
eminent soldiers and rulers, and especially Abbot's " Life of Napo-
leon." "Uncle Tom's Cabin" also greatly appealed to him, as it
did to so many others, as it first appeared in serial form in "The
National Era," and he was very fond of "Pilgrim's Progress."
It was not, avowedly, the wish of his parents that he should
enter the ministry, but from the very first he knew that this would
probably be his choice. He attended the Chicopee High School, a
private school in Orange, Connecticut, Williston Seminary at East-
hampton, graduating in 1859, and entered Amherst College, where
he was graduated in 1863. He taught two years as master of the
High School in Saxonville, Massachusetts, and then entered Andover
Theological Seminary, from which he graduated in 1868. He was
ordained pastor of the First Evangelical Church, at Clinton, Massa-
chusetts, November 11, 1868, from which he resigned November 11,
1878, after a very successful pastorate of ten years. He was then
installed pastor of the Tabernacle Church at Salem, Massachusetts,
on January 15, 1879, and is at present serving the thirty-second year
of his pastorate there.
Such long pastorates are the very best testimony that could pos-
sibly be given of the peculiar fitness of the man for the position which
he holds, of his steadfast faithfulness to the responsibilities tlirust
upon him, and of his unqualified success. Nor is further testimony
lacking, for Dr. Clark has been the recipient of many honors and
has filled numerous positions of trust and credit. He was a mem-
ber of the school board of Salem for fifteen years, from 1883 to 1898;
a member of the Salem Civic League and of the Essex Institute; a
trustee of the Massachusetts Bible Society; a corporate member of
the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions; a mem-
ber of the Executive Committee of the American Missionary Asso-
ciation; a director of the Board of Pastoral Supply; a trustee of
Wheaton Seminary; a director of the Salem Y. M. C. A. ; a director
of the Salem Home for Aged Women. He was, for two years, presi-
dent of the Massachusetts Home Missionary Society, and was presi-
dent of the Amherst Alumni, in 1903.
He has also rendered many distinguished public services, presid-
DeWITT SCOVILLE CLARK
ing as moderator of the Massachusetts General Association of Congre-
gational Churches and serving as preacher for the same; and also as
preacher at the Massachusetts Convention of Congregational Minis-
ters; preaching baccalaureate sermons at Wheaton Seminary and
Abbot Academy; presenting a paper at the National Congregational
Council, to several of which meetings he was a delegate, as also to
International Councils at Boston and Edinboro; delivering the
Commencement Address at Yankton and Olivet Colleges, and Memo-
rial Day Address at Salem and other places.
He has, for twenty-seven years, written sermons in the '' Monday
Club'' Book upon the International Sunday School Lessons, and
published occasionally other sermons; and has written articles for
the reviews and religious journals.
Dr. Clark is a member of the Sigma Chapter (Amherst College),
of the Delta Kappa Epsilon Fraternity; of the "Monday" and
"Winthrop" Clubs of Boston, and of the Essex Congregational
Club, and has held the offices of secretary and president in each.
He is identified with the Republican party in politics, but keeps
himself thoroughly independent, never voting the ticket simply be-
cause of the name. The recreations of which he is most fond are
all out-of-doors — walking and travel, sailing, fishing, and driving.
Dr. Clark received the degree of D.D. from Amherst College at
the Commencement in 1893.
He married, January IS, 1872, Emma T., the daughter of Hon.
Joseph and Phila Freeman Wood, of Pawtucket, R. I., and to them
four children have been born: Garrit DeWitt, a clerk in a manu-
facturing company; Leigh Freeman, a clerk in a brokerage house;
Hilda Goulding, a graduate of Smith College in the class of 1905,
who helps him in the parish work, and DeWitt Scoville, Jr., who
graduated at Yale University in 1909.
From his long private and public service. Dr. Clark recommends,
among the principles which contribute to sound ideals in our Amer-
ican life, — diligence, patience, courtesy, and the determination to
succeed in the form of work which, for lack of any other, presents
itself to be done.
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FREDERIC SIMMONS CLARK
FREDERIC SIMMONS CLARK, manufacturer, was born in
Boston, October 9, 1850. His father, Nathan Clark, a well-
known provision dealer, was born in 1810, and died in 1895,
having led a life of exemplary purity, faith, and devotion. He was
the son of Daniel Clark, born 1775 and died in 1825, and Susanna
(Smith) Clark. His immigrant ancestor was Hugh Clark, who
came over from England and is first mentioned as residing in Water-
town, Massachusetts, in 1641. The mother of Frederic Simmons
Clark, Mrs. Miranda (Dearborn Bean) Clark, was strongly influen-
tial in giving shape and direction to the moral and spiritual life of
her son. As a boy he was especially interested in works on history
and biography. No peculiar difficulties stood in the way of his
obtaining an excellent education at the English High School in Bos-
ton, from which he was graduated in 1867. He attributes his
success in life mainly to home influence, seconded by admirable
training in school, and rounded to completeness by subsequent con-
tact with men whom he has met in public life.
Young Clark's circumstances made it advisable for him to begin
the active work of his career in 1867, at the age of seventeen years,
as a clerk with Rice, Kendall & Company, wholesale paper dealers
in Boston, in whose employ he continued until 1883, when he en-
tered the service of the Talbot Woolen Mills of North Billerica.
He was made the treasurer of this company in 1884 and still holds
the office. He was made general manager in 1885 and he is now
the president. He is president of the American Association of
Woolen and Worsted jManufacturers; vice-president of the National
Association of Woolen Manufacturers, and director of the American
Felt Company of New York and of the Home Market Club. Among
other responsibilities that rest upon him, it may be mentioned
that he is a trustee of the Franklin Savings Bank, Boston; a trustee
of the Lowell Textile School, and a trustee of the Howe School, of
Billerica. He is a Mason and an Odd Fellow. His name also
FREDERIC SIMMONS CLARK
is recorded as belonging to the Union Club of Boston; the Mer-
chants' Club of Boston; the Unitarian Club of Boston; the Coun-
try Club of Brookline; and the Vesper Country Club of Lowell.
All busy men need occasional recreation, and Mr. Clark has taken
his successively in baseball, rowing, tennis, and the sports of the
gymnasium, and now enjoys golf and riding.
Politically and on principle Mr. Clark has always been identified
with the Republican party, and has seen no sufficient reason to
change his allegiance to it. Religiously he is a Unitarian and is
identified with the Arlington Street Church in Boston and the First
Parish in Billerica, Massachusetts.
Mr. Clark married, June 6, 1883, Isabella W., daughter of Gov-
ernor Thomas and Isabella (Hayden) Talbot, and granddaughter
of Charles and Phoebe (White) Talbot, and of Joel and Isabella
(Smith) Hayden. Four children have been born to them, namely,
Isabella Hayden, Thomas Talbot, Frederic S., Jr., and Lincoln.
Although extremely domestic and social in his habits and tastes,
Mr. Clark shows what can be done by choosing one's business wisely,
and then sticking to it faithfully as the best he can do for mankind.
From the most remote periods of known history down to the present
high degree of civilization, woolen fabrics have been in demand.
The reputation of English woolens has been so high and so well
established as to make it require courage and sagacity for Amer-
ican mills to try to compete with them; and it could never have
been successfully done had there not been given to the business
the justifiable protection afforded by national legislation. Mr.
Clark keeps himself in touch with all measures and processes by
which the making and selling of textile fabrics can be perfected
on American soil. Those not familiar with the subject can hardly
realize what ingenious and complicated machinery, and what intri-
cate and often difficult methods, must be used in order to obtain the
best results. Mr. Clark's long experience, close observation and perfect
familiarity with business may well give weight to the counsel he offers
to young men of the present day, concerning their principles, habits
and ideals. He says, "Be honest, sincere, do your best, and more
than simple duty requires, be public spirited, helpful in your church
and in your community." Better advice could not be given; and
those who follow it in any walk in life, or in any line of business,
will be sure to achieve a measure of gratifying success.
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GEORGE ALBERT CLOUGH
OF Scotch descent on both sides of the house, George Albert
Clough has displayed throughout a busy and prosperous
career the traits thus inherited. He is a man of strong
moral character, strict business integrity and thoroughness in all
undertakings. Mr. Clough was born at Blue Hill, Maine, May 27,
1843, being the son of Asa Clough, a noted ship-builder, and Louise
(Ray) Clough, daughter of Matthew Ray, well known throughout
New England as a manufacturer of axes. His early education was
limited to the Blue Hill Academy, and at the age of fourteen years he
entered his father's shipyard, where he gained an experience in
practical matters that proved to be of great subsequent value to
him. The wishes of his parents, together with his own personal
preferences, led him to choose for himself the profession of an archi-
tect. To fit himself he studied with Snell and Gregerson, of Boston,
1863 to 1869, when he opened an office in Boston for himself. For
the period of eleven years, namely, from 1873 to 1884, Mr. Clough
was city architect for the city of Boston; after which he was again
in business for himself. His designs have been adopted for many
municipal, educational, hospital, and ecclesiastical buildings, as well
as for private residences in the finest parts of Boston.
When we consider the infinite variety of notions men have enter-
tained as to their dwellings, business houses, schools, theaters and
temples, from the days of Egypt, Greece and Rome, down to the
present time, we see what an opportunity there is for an American
architect to exercise his taste, skill and sound judgment in order to
meet the demands of a cosmopolitan people. Buildings arise in
every part of America of a description unknown to ancient archi-
tects, or even to the best European architects of a century ago.
Immense railway stations, colossal hotels, church buildings to meet
the most modern ideas of combined sanctity and utihty, private
residences grander than many ancient palaces, mercantile struc-
tures justly styled "sky-scrapers," the multifarious requirements of
GEORGE ALBERT CLOUGH
our vast industrial and commercial expositions — these and other
novel and" unheard-of modern demands have confronted such an
architect as Mr. Clough. The result of his work as architect for the
city of Boston is evident to the most casual observer in the manifest
improvement of the appearance and convenience of the city build-
ings.
Mr. Clough voted for President Grover Cleveland, at his first
election, but has since become an Independent Repubhcan. He
attends the Congregational Church, and is a member of the Joseph
Warren Lodge and Commandery of Free Masons, the New England
Historical Society, and the Massachusetts Mechanical Association,
whereof he is a trustee. He is a member of the Boston Chamber
of Commerce. His favorite forms of recreation are driving and
yachting.
On the 19th of September, 1876, Mr. Clough was married to
Ameha M., daughter of Lyman and Ann (Smith) Hinckley, of Thet-
ford, Vermont. Four children blessed their union; (only three are
now hving): Charles Henry, Annie, Louise, and PameHa Morill.
Their family residence is in Brookline.
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VARNUM AUGUSTAS COOPER
VARNUM AUGUSTAS COOPER, clergyman, was bora in
Killingly, Connecticut, July S, 1835. He had by nature
and inheritance the endowments and qualifications of a
clergyman. His father, Rev. Calvin Cooper (March 31, 1779 to
July 21, 1846), was the son of Rev. Nathaniel, Jr. (July 4, 1748 to
July 16, 1821) and Mary (Aldrich) Cooper. He was a Baptist
minister, an eloquent preacher, a believer in woman's rights, inviting
them to speak in his pulpit, a man of great catholicity of spirit.
His mother, Eliza (Carder) Cooper, was the daughter of Augustas
(May 18, 1769 to February 24, 1852) and Hannah (Durfee) Carder.
Dr. Cooper is descended from John Cooper, who emigrated from
Dedham, Essex County, England, and settled in Cambridge, Massa-
chusetts, in 1635; also from John Alden and Priscilla Mullens of
Mayflower fame, 1620; also from Richard Carder, who came from
England to Roxbury, Massachusetts, 1635 or 1636; and also from
George Aldrich who came from Derbyshire, England, to Dorchester,
Massachusetts, in 1631. John Cooper was selectman in Cambridge
for thirty-eight years, town clerk for thirteen years and deacon of
the First Church thirty-three years. What is called the oldest house
in Cambridge was the Cooper homestead. Richard Carder was im-
prisoned in Roxbury for his religious beliefs.
In early life young Cooper possessed an insatiable longing for
the sea, and followed the avocation of a seaman for seven years.
Having a frail constitution this sea life laid the foundation of a
long life of perfect health. He has never known what it was to be
sick. The discipline of his sea life has proved of vast benefit to him.
It taught him obedience, system in work, order, fidelity to duty
and developed strong physical courage.
He found many difficulties in securing his education. The
Bible, Milton's ''Paradise Lost" and Pollock's "Course of Time"
were helpful to him in his early as his later life. He prepared him-
self for college and entered Wesleyan University without conditions.
VARNUM AUGUSTAS COOPER
His theological education embraced the four years' course of con-
ference studies of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He received
the honorary degree of A.M. from Wesleyan University in 1873, and
of D.D. from Wiley University in 1889.
At nineteen years of age he commenced teaching school at
Warwick, Rhode Island. In 1857 he joined the now-called New
England Southern Conference and commenced the active work of
his ministry at South Somerset, Massachusetts.
He feels greatly indebted to home influence, to private study,
and to association with others for the success he has achieved in
his advancing life. Dr. Cooper has been a man of great influence in
every sphere in which he has moved, and a power for good in every
community in which he has labored. As a teacher in public schools
of Rhode Island in 1854-57; as pastor of Methodist Episcopal
Churches in New London, Connecticut; Providence, Rhode Island;
Nashua, New Hampshire; Worcester, Massachusetts; Lynn, Chelsea,
and Boston, usually the largest church of his denomination in those
places, grappling heroically and triumphantly with crushing church
debts, his career has been memorable for labor, wisdom, sacrifices,
and for successes the best might covet. From one of the largest
churches he was called in 1886 to the superintendency of the Little
Wanderers' Home in Boston. His sympathies quickly encircled
every little waif which came under his care, and for twenty-one
years wrought issues which eternity alone can measure. The work
prospered financially. A new building was erected on West Newton
Street at a cost of $145,000, the current expenses kept up at a cost
of $30,000 per annum and the invested funds were nearly quad-
rupled. More than seven thousand children from all over New
England were received and cared for.
He has also been popular as president of Boston Preachers'
Meeting of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and as secretary of the
Rhode Island Temperance Union. For seven months he served as
chaplain of the 18th Connecticut Volunteer Infantry. He is a
member of Post 5, G.A.R. and at one time was its chaplain. He
has also served as vice-president of the Conference of Child Helping
Societies. In politics he is a stanch Republican. His ministry
has all his life been in the Methodist Episcopal Church. He tells us
he has always been an enthusiastic trout fisherman, and in this he
has found his rest and recreation for fifty years. His enthusiasm
VARNUM AUGUSTAS COOPER
never fails. Even in his retirement he is seeking to raise $60,000
to swell the fund of the Preachers' Aid Society of his conference to
the round sum of $100,000.
April 25, 1856, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Jeremiah P.
and Abigail (Potter) Bucklin, granddaughter of Squire and Amy
(Pray) Bucklin, and of Robert Knight and Sarah (Smith) Potter
and a descendant of William Hingham Bucklin, who came from
England to Hingham, Massachusetts, in 1635. Four children were
born to them, of whom one, Hattie B. Cooper, a graduate of Boston
University, keeps his home bright with her ministries since the
death of her mother, December 10, 1894.
Dr. Cooper has the profound conviction that " it is indispensable
to the perpetuity of a republic that the principles of Christian
morality should be more generally taught to the rising generation.
The principles which constitute statesmanship must be lifted above
the selfish motives of merely political self-seeking. The virtues
of the simple life must be exalted. The dissipations and sensual
pleasures of wealth, as destructive to both soul and body, are not
perceived or understood as they should be. Man belongs to two
worlds, mortal and immortal. That which makes for a happy
immortality must be more exalted among our people."
JOSEPH ARTHUR CORAM
A LARGE figure in the field of finance, and a power, especially
in that magic development of our copper resources which is
the industrial romance of the time, Joseph Arthur Coram,
of Lowell, Massachusetts, has had a career of crowded achievement
which ranks him worthily with the foremost of American business men,
Mr. Coram is of a race of men who have won distinction, and won it in
great and adventurous undertakings. One of his ancestors was Sir
Thomas Coram, who w^as the pioneer of what has long been the vast
industry of exporting timber from North America to the Old World
— a merchant prince of his era, who not only amassed great wealth,
but manifested a spirit of broad philanthropy, more rare then than
now, by giving of his great wealth to create the Foundling's Hospital
in the City of London.
Joseph Arthur Coram was born in the old provinical city of St.
John, New Brunswick, which preserves many of the best traditions
and boasts of some of the best blood of the English speaking people
on this continent. His mother was of Scotch descent — Ann Bond,
whose family, like his father's, was one long identified with the life
and development of America. ]Mr. Coram as a lad secured a good
education in the schools of St. John, and at Gagetown College, whence
he graduated in 1874. His hereditary bent for active business dis-
closed itself while he was still an undergraduate — for he then pur-
chased, successfully operated, and finally sold at a profit, a Nova
Scotia coal mine — a transaction suggesting that he must have had
some prophetic vision of the part which he was to come to hold in
mining development in after years.
For a short time after leaving college ^Ir. Coram acted as the
representative in Lower Canada of the Northwestern Life Insurance
Company, of Milwaukee. Then, with his father, he engaged in the
lumber exporting business, under the firm name of G. & J. Coram —
the very industry first created on American shores by his famous
ancestor. But Mr. Coram saw greater opportunities in manufactur-
JOSEPH ARTHUR CORAM
ing, and first at Bangor, Maine, and then at Lowell, Massachusetts,
he won quick and notable success, and laid the foundation of his
fortune. Even then, however, Mr. Coram found his thoughts turn-
ing to the rich, native resources hidden in the earth. As far back
as 1878 he was interested in a valuable mica property in New Hamp-
shire.
When the city of Minneapolis was in the days of its first swift
development Mr. Coram for several years was actively engaged in
the development of real estate there. But all these things were
but the preludes to his career in the wonderful expansion of the
copper industry of the Northwest.
It was in the autumn of 1886 that he first saw the possibilities of
the now-celebrated Butte copper district in Montana. That was
at a time when men were just beginning to fathom the possible
value of mines like the Anaconda, and the day of great things was
still far away. But Mr. Coram, with the vigor and incisiveness
characteristic of him, grasped at once the potentialities of the Butte
region. He realized that the opportunity of his life had come. Such
was his standing that he could readily command large resources from
those who knew and trusted him. It is said, as illustrative of his
power to inspire faith and enthusiasm in other men, that he brought
with him to Montana authority to invest five million dollars. The
beginning of the celebrated Butte and Boston Company, now one
of the strongest elements of the Amalgamated combination, was the
result of this mission to the copper country.
Mr. Coram was a main factor also in the development of the
Boston and Montana property, which stands as one of the chief assets
of the Amalgamated. He threw himself with his whole energies into
the task of studying, and knowing everything that was worth know-
ing about the Butte region — examining the mountains foot by foot
and acquiring for himself the practical information of miner and pro-
spector, added to the clear judgment of the thorough business man.
To-day Mr. Coram is famous as an authority on copper properties
among investors in Europe as well as in the United States.
He has carried his investigations beyond Montana, and has
studied the copper fields in Mexico. The crowning achievement
of Mr. Coram's career in copper properties thus far. is the successful
organization of the Da vis- Daly Estates Copper Company. This
was a difficult undertaking, w^hich could have been achieved only
JOSEPH ARTHUR CORAM
by financial skill of the highest order, combined with consummate
knowledge of the copper region, and unflinching courage and perse-
verance.
Mr. Coram is the executive head of the Davis-Daly Estates Copper
Company, also the Mexico Consolidated Mining and Smelting Com-
pany. Among the other important properties in which he has been
and is interested are the Butte City Water Company; the Montana
Coal and Coke Company; the Kalispell Water and Electric Light
Company; the Balaklala Consolidated Copper Company; Bingham
Consolidated Copper Company and many others.
Mr. Coram married in Bangor, Maine, in 1877, Cora E. Work;
and four children were born to them — Alice G., now the wife of
Mr. William J. Freeman, one of Mr. Coram's trusted advisers and
associates; Chester D., who is an able business lieutenant of his
father, Ross A. and Cedric E. Mrs. Coram died several years ago,
and Mr. Coram has since married Margaret J. Harrington, of New
York.
Mr. Coram is devoted to his family, fond of horses and life in the
open air, and a man of warm heart and generous impulses. One of
his recent benefactions is a handsome gift toward the completion of
the new library of Bates College, of which Mr. Coram is an associate
fellow.
CHARLES HERBERT DANIELS
CHARLES HERBERT DANIELS, clergyman, secretary Amer-
ican Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, was born
in Lyme, New Hampshire, July 6, 1847. His father, William
Pomeroy Daniels, son of Joseph and Lucy (Harris) Daniels, and a
descendant from the family of Robert Daniell, early settlers at
Newtowne, now Watertown, Massachusetts, prior to 1636, was a
builder and lumber dealer, a man quietly adhering to his occu-
pation, and noted for his generous contributions to benevolent
objects. He married Hepsy Ann, daughter of Nathan and Beulah
(Wilmarth) Stark, Nathan Stark was a direct descendant of
Aaron Stark of Mystic, Connecticut, where he settled in 1653, hav-
ing emigrated from Scotland. Charles Herbert Daniels when five
years old was taken by his parents from Lyme, New Hampshire,
to Worcester, Massachusetts, where he was taught first by his
mother. Dr. Daniels writes, "My mother was once a school-
teacher. She loved to read, was a devoted mother, unsparing of
herself, careful for her children, and her influence was that of a
practical woman, directing and inspiring her children to all that
was good."
As a boy Dr. Daniels was instructed in manual labor, was made
responsible for work about the home, cows, horse, wood-pile, etc.
He also worked in the lumber yard and on the farm and was taught
business methods, the results of this training proving of great value
in his professional life. He was interested in reading American
history, especially the early history of New England, and he had a
great admiration for men of convictions, who obeyed conscience at
any cost. After passing through the grammar schools of Worces-
ter he was graduated at the Worcester High School, 1866, from
Amherst College, A.B. 1870, and from Union Theological Seminary,
New York City, 1873, To Christian teachers, such as Pres.
Julius H. Seeley of Amherst and Prof. Roswell D. Hitchcock and
CHARLES HERBERT DANIELS
Prof. Henry B. Smith of Union Seminary he gives great credit for
instilHng strong impulses to strive for high attainment, and he adds:
''A good teacher is a great impulse to high ideals." Personal pref-
erence, heartily endorsed by his parents, after deliberate and care-
ful thought determined his choice of a profession. He was in charge
of a mission chapel in Brooklyn, New York, while a student at the
Union Theological Seminary in 1873; pastor in Montague, Massachu-
setts, 1873-76; in Cincinnati, Ohio, as pastor of the Vine Street
Church, 1876-83; in Portland, Maine, as pastor of the Second Church,
1883-88; was district secretary of the American Board of Commis-
sioners for Foreign Missions with office in New York City, 1888-93;
corresponding secretary of the Board with offices in Boston, Massa-
chusetts, 1893-1903, and since 1903 pastor of the Grace Congrega-
tional Church of South Framingham, Massachusetts.
He was first married to Charlena Caroline Harrington of Worces-
ter, Massachusetts, December 23, 1873, daughter of Loammi and
Caroline (Goodell) Harrington. She died January 1, 1880, at Cin-
cinnati, Ohio. One child is living of this marriage, Anna Louisa,
teacher. He was again married May 28, 1884, to Mary Louise,
daughter of Hon. Charles and Mary (Hawkins) Underwood, of
Tolland, Connecticut, and there are two children born of this
marriage, Margarette, and Agnes Carter, students.
He was, while in college, a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon
college fraternity, and was elected a member of the Winthrop Club
of Boston in 1895. He is interested in all athletics, especially base-
ball, and was captain of the college nine at Amherst. The training
of those days, he said, stood by him in advanced life, when he found
his recreation in constant walking and occasional riding. He is a
Repubhcan in pohtics. He received the honorary degree of D.D.
from Amherst in 1892. He is a corporate member of the American
Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions ; president of the board
of trustees of the Jaffna College, Ceylon, secretary of the trustees of
the Central Turkey College, Aintab, Turkey, and director of the
Massachusetts Board of Ministerial Aid.
In speaking of his own life Dr. Daniels writes : " If at any point I
have particularly failed it has been because I have failed to master
those things, whether in study or practical work, which I thought I
did not like, or which I thought I did not care to trouble with. In
this way I lost an almost necessary discipline in self-mastery and
CHARLES HERBERT DANIELS
the mastery of hard-work problems." Of the principles, methods,
and habits that contribute most to the strengthening of sound ideals
in American life and are most helpful to young men he adds: "First,
absolute and unswerving love of human freedom; second, loyalty to
the best observances of the Sabbath as one of the foundation stones
of a free people; third, love for the Bible as the best book from which
to teach the laws of righteousness, freedom, and justice to all men,
the best book for a republic like ours; fourth, fidelity to the ideals
set forth in our public schools and a thoughtful interest in the schools
of higher education which have done so much for our country; fifth,
fellowship with the Christian church, not for its particular tenets
or policies, but because more than anything else to-day our people
need the fellowship of divine worship. Every man in this busy,
bustling, hurrying age, needs to set aside time in which with his
fellow men he may worship God."
FRED HARRIS DANIELS
MORE than thirty years in the service of the Washburn and
Moen Manufacturing Company, one of the greatest of
the industries of Worcester, Massachusetts, and its suc-
cessor, the American Steel and Wire Company, have given Mr. Fred
Harris Daniels a high standing in the business and professional life
of the second city of the Commonwealth. Mr. Daniels is one of the
conspicuous masters of that important branch of the steel industry
of America which has to do with the production of wire. His mas-
tery of this art is the result of careful preliminary training, long
experience, and notable aptitude.
Mr. Daniels is a native of New Hampshire. He was bom at
Hanover Centre, near the seat of Dartmouth College, on June
16, 1853, the son of William Pomeroy Daniels and Hepsy Ann
(Stark) Daniels. The older Daniels was a contractor and subse-
quently a lumber merchant, a man of vigorous character, tenacious
of his opinions, benevolent and ardent in his championship of equal
rights. In the stirring years of the anti-slavery agitation he was an
eager and uncompromising abolitionist.
Mr. Fred Harris Daniels is of old and distinguished New Eng-
land lineage. He is descended from Robert Daniell, an English
colonist who settled in Watertown, Massachusetts, about 1636;
from Thomas Harris, who came from England to Providence Decem-
ber 1, 1630; from Aaron Stark, who settled at Mystic, Connecticut,
in 1653, and from Thomas Wilmarth, who established himself at
Rehoboth in 1645. Thomas Harris was an associate of Roger
Williams in the founding of Providence, and Aaron Stark distin-
guished himself in the Pequot War.
In his youth Mr. Daniels was fond of outdoor life and vigorous
exertion. He preferred the sports and exercises of the boys of the
neighborhood, or energetic manual labor, to the humdrum work of
school, and he recalls that he sometimes had to apply himself very
hard to keep up with his classes. But he persevered and by his
FRED HARRIS DANIELS
thoroughness and insistence gained an excellent education at the
same time that he was hardening his frame by an active and whole-
some out-of-door life. His parents believed in impressing upon their
son the dignity of labor and the importance of thrift. They brought
him up to work and gave him pay regularly for his tasks about the
house and stable. In his school vacations in summer he worked
for wages on a farm.
But Mr. Daniels as a youth was very fond of reading books on
hunting, fishing, and adventure, and these brightened his course as
a student through the Worcester Polytechnic Institute and at Lafay-
ette College in Easton, Pennsylvania, wherein he equipped himself
for the profession of the mechanical engineer.
His school days finished, he entered, in 1873, at the age of twenty,
upon his active career as a draughtsman for the Washburn and
Moen Manufacturing Company in Worcester, This calling was his
own preference. He brought to it energy, enthusiasm, an alert
mind, and a genius for mechanical undertakings. His inventive
power, aided by his practical experience, has enabled him to take
out upwards of one hundred and fifty patents, the most important
of them relating to the manufacture of wire rods and wire. In this
vocation, to which Mr. Daniels has given his entire life, he is regarded
as a leader and authority throughout America.
The Washburn and Moen Manufacturing Company has grown to
have an international reputation, and the greater American Steel
and Wire Company, which has succeeded it, is one of the strongest of
American industries, dominating this country in the excellence and
variety of its products and wielding a potent influence in the steel
and wire market of the world. Mr. Daniels's remarkable technical
skill, enterprise, and inventive ability have been invaluable to the
great corporation.
Throughout his professional life he has remained a lover of out-
of-door exercises. His favorite diversions are the hunting of big
game and wild fowl, canoeing, boating, and swimming. He believes
with all his heart that a strong brain is of small account unless it
is combined with a vigorous constitution. His counsel to young
Americans is, "When you play, play hard; when you work, put your
entire strength and energy into the work; travel abroad and in your
own country as occasion offers; above all, make all the friends pos-
sible and hold them."
FRED HARRIS DANIELS
A wide acquaintance and enviable affiliations have been acquired
by Mr. Daniels in his busy life. At his home in Worcester he is a
member of the Worcester Club, the Tatnuck Country Club, and the
Quinsigamond Boat Club; near Nantucket, of the Muskeget Gun
Club. In New York he is a member of the Engineers and Macliinery
clubs, and in Pittsburg of the Duquesne Club.
Mr. Daniels in his professional associations is a member of the
American Society of Mechanical Engineers, of the American Society
of Mining Engineers, and of the Iron and Steel Institute. He has
been vice-president of the American Society of Mechanical Engi-
neers. At the present time he occupies the position of chief engineer
and director of the American Steel and Wire Company. He is con-
sulting engineer for the Indiana Steel Company, now in process of
construction at Gary, Indiana, and the Minnesota Steel Company,
now being planned, at Duluth, Minnesota.
He attends the Central Church in Worcester (Congregational),
and in politics is a firm and consistent Republican. Mr. Daniels
was married on May 17, 1883, to Sarah, daughter of John C. and
Mary L. (Clark) White, a descendant from Seth White of Uxbridge
and Joseph Clark of Ward, a part of Worcester now known as
Auburn. Mr. and Mrs. Daniels have three sons — Clarence White,
Fred Harold, and Dwight Clark, all of them students.
T^^^jb^tf.^'^U'
THOMAS HUTCHINS DODGE
RICHARD DODGE, a gentleman of means, emigrated from
Somersetshire, England, in 1638, and settled at Salem,
Massachusetts. His name led the list of benefactors to
Harvard College in 1653. The hne of descent from Richard runs
through his son Joseph, and his wife, Sarah Eaton; their son Ehsha,
and wife, Sarah Foster; their son Enoch, and his wife, Jael Cochran,
w^ho were the grandparents of Thomas Hutchins Dodge. His father,
Malachi Foster Dodge, was born August 20, 1789; and his mother,
whose maiden name was Priscilla Dana Hutchins, was the daughter
of Thomas and Jane Hutchins. His father was a farmer, of strong
religious convictions, highly patriotic and upright in all his business
relations.
Thomas Hutchins Dodge was born at Eden, Lamoile County,
Vermont, September 27, 1823, and died at his home in Worcester,
Massachusetts, February 12, 1910. He was required to work on
the farm, to be prompt, accurate, and thorough in all that he did,
thus acquiring the habits that were retained through Ufe. In
boyhood he read eagerly books relating to inventions, machinery,
mechanical improvements, and the natural sciences. Law books
Hkewise interested him; and from childhood it was his twofold ambi-
tion to be both a lawyer and a manufacturer. After acquiring a
common school education at Eden and Lowell, Vermont, he entered
into the employ of the Nashua Manufacturing Company, as a roll-
carrier, at the age of fifteen. This enabled him to observe the open-
ing, picking, and carding of cotton, to be ready for spinning. By
economy he obtained means for taking a course of study at the
Gymnasium Institute at Pembroke, New Hampshire, where he had
the distinction of being made the class orator. Returning to his
former position he read books and papers relating to cotton manu-
facture, and continued his observations of the work in all its stages,
till he was able to take another course of study in the Nashua Liter-
ary Institute. Then resuming his work under the Nashua Manu-
THOMAS HUTCHINS DODGE
facturing Company, he soon was placed in charge of the warping,
dressing, and drawing-in departments. He had meanwhile pur-
sued a study of elementary law and had continued the study of
Latin under a private tutor. His exact knowledge of every step
in the art of manufacturing cotton goods, combined with his quick
perception of facts and processes, led him to try to remedy some
of the wastes and losses in the business. When twenty-two years
old he invented the making of a small concavity in the ends of warp
bobbins, making the task of the operatives more easy.
In 1850 Mr. Dodge pubUshed his important and highly novel
and original work, the first of its kind, entitled, " A Review of the
Rise, Progress, and Present Importance of Cotton Manufactures of
the United States, together with statistics showing the comparative
and relative remuneration of English and American Operatives."
His experiments and discoveries as to boiler explosions from col-
lapse of their horizontal flues solved a serious problem, and attracted
notice by scientific men. As an illustration of Mr. Dodge's quick
powers of perception and his ready adaptation of means to an end,
we may mention the fact that one day, while watching a railroad
train, it flashed upon his mind that the working of the parallel rod
connecting the driving wheels of the locomotive was precisely what
was wanted to enable the print to make an impression on a plain
surface, and yet use the rotary motion necessary in printing from a
roll of paper. He patented a rotary press in November, 1851, which
began the new era of lightning-presses, by which blank paper is
fed direct from the roll.
In that same year, 1851, by reason of the money received from
the invention, Mr. Dodge began to study law with Messrs. Sawyer
and Stevens, in Nashua, New Hampshire. He was admitted to
the New Hampshire bar in 1854. Mr. Dodge's many gifts, as a
manufacturer, an inventor, a lawyer, and a scientist, induced Hon.
Charles Mason, who was at that time commissioner of patents, to
offer him, in March, 1855, the position of assistant examiner, and a
httle later that of principal examiner, in the United States Patent
Office at Washington, D.C. One of the most useful of Mr. Dodge's
inventions was one enabhng a driver of a hinged-bar mowing ma-
chine to control from his seat the entire cutting apparatus, Ufting
either end of the entire bar while the machine was in motion. This
remarkable labor-saving device has been applied to all mowing-
THOMAS HUTCHINS DODGE
machines made since 1857, and it is said to have " saved during the
haying season the services of more than a million and a half laborers."
In 1857 Mr. Dodge was made chairman of the court of appeals
connected with the Patent Office, by whose decisions the business
affairs of that office were greatly simplified and facilitated, thus
giving a new impetus to inventive ingenuity everywhere.
While Judge Holt was at the head of the patent office, he reached
the conclusion that a permanent board or court of appeals ought to
be maintained in order to meet the public needs, and requested Mr.
Dodge to name two members of the examining corps to be joined
with himself as chairman, to constitute such a board, which body,
under direction of the chairman, inaugurated new methods of pro-
cedure before the patent office, greatly simpHfying and facilitating
business, a change which was recognized and gratefully acknowl-
edged by various appHcants and their attorneys throughout the
country. On the second day of November, 1858, Mr. Dodge, having
decided to resume the practice of the law, handed in his resignation,
which was accepted by Judge Holt in the following language:
United States Patent Office, Nov. 3, 1858.
Sir:
I have received with emotions of unmingled sorrow your letter
of yesterday, resigning the office of examiner, the duties of which
you have for years discharged with such distinguished honor to
yourself, and advantage to the pubUc interest. It would have
been to me a source of high gratification could I have enjoyed for
the future that zealous support which you have so kindly afforded
me in the past. While, however, I feel that your retirement will
be a severe loss to the service, as it will be a personal affliction to
myself, I cannot be insensible to the weight of the considerations
which have determined you to seek another and more attractive
field of labor. I shall ever recall with the hvehest satisfaction the
pleasant social and official relations which have marked our inter-
course; and in accepting your resignation I beg to offer you my
heartfelt thanks, aUke for your personal friendship and for the
high-toned, loyal and most effective cooperation, which, in the
midst of circumstances of difficulty and embarrassment, you have
constantly extended to me in the administration of this office. In
THOMAS HUTCHINS DODGE
whichever of the varied paths of hfe it may be your fortune to tread,
be assured that you will bear with you my warmest wishes for your
success and happiness.
Most sincerely your friend,
Mr. Thomas H. Dodge. J. Holt.
Soon afterwards he was admitted to practice in the United States
Supreme Court. No lawyer probably ever ranked higher than he
among those handhng suits concerning various patents, especially
those connected with sewing-machines, reapers and mowers, ma-
chines for making barbed wire, corsets, looms, etc. Incidentally,
it may be mentioned that we owe to him the existing plan of return-
ing to writers their letters if uncalled for within a specified number
of days, a plan which he submitted to the Postmaster General,
August 8, 1850, and which in due time became the general law of
the land.
Mr. Dodge made Worcester, Massachusetts, his place of residence
in 1864, and became one of the managers of the Union Mowing
Machine Company. He organized the Worcester Barb Fence Com-
pany in 1881, in connection with Mr. C. G. Washburn; with whom
he also invented and patented a four-pointed cable barbed wire
which the company manufactured. Mr. Dodge's state of health
obUged him to retire from professional labors in 1883; since when
he has been the proprietor of the New England Stock Farm, and
interested himself in raising stock of the best breeds; and he has
also devoted much time to the promotion of Worcester's educational
and benevolent institutions. Among objects to which he has largely
contributed may be mentioned, the Piedmont and Union Congre-
gational churches of Worcester, the Trinity Methodist Church,
Clark University, the Worcester Natural History Society, the Clas-
sical High School, the State Home of the Odd Fellows, and a large
tract of land known as "The Dodge Park," including thirteen acres.
Mr. Dodge was twice married: first to EUza, daughter of John
Daniels, June 20, 1843, who died March, 1907; and secondly to
Cora Jeannette, daughter of Reuben G. W. and CaroUne (Allen)
Dodge, of Blue Hill, Maine, December 17, 1907.
ROBERT DAWSON EVANS
ROBERT DAWSON EVANS was born in St. John, New
Brunswick, September 30, 1843. His father, John Evans,
was of Welsh extraction, a sea captain who was killed at
sea by the falling of a mast. His mother was the great-grand-
daughter of Lord Dawson, of England. Soon after the death of
his father, while Robert was a mere lad, the family moved to
Boston. His education was obtained in the Boston public schools,
closing with the English High School. While still a boy of eighteen
years, upon the opening of the Civil War, he enlisted in Company A,
of the Thirteenth Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers, — Colonel
Leonard. He served as private until the second battle of Bull
Run, where he was twice wounded. After his convalescence, he
was appointed captain in one of the early colored regiments and was
sent to New Orleans. But already his army days were numbered,
for his wounds broke out afresh and he was sent to the hospital in
Washington, where it became apparent that he was too permanently
injured to hope again to enter the service, and he was mustered out
on February 17, 1863.
With the promptness and energy characteristic of his whole
life, within one month after his discharge he entered business at
ten dollars a week as an employee of W. W. Burr & Company, who
were engaged in the rubber business. At the end of the first year
his salary was advanced to SHOO a year. But Robert D. Evans
was not the man to remain permanently in any subordinate posi-
tion. By force of circumstances he was compelled to begin life at
the bottom rung of the ladder, but circumstances could not compel
him to stay here. He was studying the rubber business with all his
might, and very soon he had so far mastered the details of the
business and had so far grasped the problems involved that he was
ready to branch out for himself. With rare business foresight he
saw the great future for this, at that time, infant industry. He
believed in rubber. He saw even before the demand had come
ROBERT DAWSON EVANS
illustrious artists. Mr. Evans was a trustee of the Museum of
Fine Arts of Boston, and a most generous giver both to the Mainte-
nance Fund and to the Building Fund.
Mr. Evans' favorite recreations were found in yachting and
horseback riding. He was regarded as one of the best riders in the
country. Yet it is a singular fatality that in this noblest of recrea-
tions, and with all of his skill, he met his death. While riding in
Beverly, he was thrown from his horse, receiving mortal injuries
from which he died on July 6, 1909, at the age of sixty-five.
So passed one of the noblest products of our New England life,
typical at once of the energy and sagacity of the business world
and of the taste and refinement so characteristic of older Boston.
~n^ ijf^C ivrz/uims £Brr AC -
DANIEL SHARP FORD
DANIEL SHARP FORD, editor, publisher, and philanthropist,
son of Thomas Ford, proprietor of a modest manufacturing
business, was born in Cambridge, April 5, 1822, and named
after the Rev. Daniel Sharp, D.D., at that time the most eminent
man in Boston in the ministry of the Baptist denomination. Though
the youngest of a famil}^ of six children, favoritism did not exempt
him from the restrictions which surround humble households and
enforce the elementary lessons of personal effort and self-support.
The struggles of his early life made mental and moral capital for the
young beginner — and were remembered with gratitude ever after.
Accustomed to few privileges — and a liberal education was not
one of them — he rose, as every industrious New England boy may
do, to intelligent young manhood with the best equipment that the
public schools could give him. He began his real life-work as a
printer's apprentice. Diligent reading while at his trade taught him
mental as well as mechanical composition, and in time his fluent
writing showed how well he had assimilated the best style of "work-
ing" English. Naturally, the next position for him was an
editor's chair; and the savings of his first active years were in-
vested in a half owTiership of the Watckma7i and Reflector of Boston,
the organ of the Baptist denomination in New England.
Married October 21, 1844, to Miss Sarah E. Upham, he was now
the father of a family, with a comfortable income and a growing
estate. Success in his calling proved his native gift, and stimu-
lated him to magnify his work. It became his ambition to make
his paper the best religious journal in the country. Were it entirely
in his own hands he believed he could do it. But he was frustrated
in his desire for independence at the first step. His proposal to
buy out his partner failed. The "buy or sell" option was obliga-
tory between the owners, and the party of the second part succeeded
in raising the money. Mr. Ford faced his severest disappointment.
What was left him (by the terms of the sale) was an incidental
DANIEL SHARP FORD
property owTied jointly by him and his former associate, a small
Sunday-school paper with a subscription list of five thousand sub-
scribers, purchased by them as a collateral and family weekly. Its
name was The Youth's Companion, sl little sheet first issued in 1827
by Deacon Nathanial Willis, co-editor of the old Boston Recorder. It
had been managed by Mr. Ford from the time it became a chattel
of his firm, but more as an editorial avocation than an important
part of his work; and it required the rallying of all his invention
and resolute resource to make it an asset worth trading upon or
trusting to as the nest-egg of a business for an active man. But
the inspiration came to him, as it comes to every genius.
Established in independent quarters, he proceeded to improve
The Youth's Com.'panion by new attractions, and liberal but judicious
expenditures, advertising freely, and calling to his aid the contri-
butions of men and women whom the public knew, and would
notice. The paper increased in size and value, and became a reality
to be reckoned with. Imitations entered the market, but were
soon outgrown or absorbed. In ten years its circulation rose to
sixty thousand and demanded larger accommodations. In ten
years more the list had doubled, and needed twice the room. It
was only after three removals (the last to the present noble block
built for it and bearing its name) that this family paper, with all
its modern attractions, concentrated its business under a single
roof; and by that time its weekly issues went to the homes of five
hundred thousand patrons, reaching an average of two million
readers in every state of the Union. These figures represent the
circulation of the Companion at the time the great editor died; and
since his death there has been no falling off.
k The above indicates, sufficiently perhaps, Mr. Ford's eminence
as a publisher. It is worth remembering that he was a generous,
even lavish, advertiser, and that he thoroughly understood and never
forgot the character of his paper, promising much, but promising
no more than what he could do. He was a publisher with a con-
science, and a purist in his ideas of what the young could safely
read, watching every issue with an eagle eye to eliminate every
questionable sentence or phrase. It was an extremely rare instance
that such a discovery came too late for the locked forms, when, of
course, the presses were stopped, the impression thrown away, and
the offending matter "killed." Unhesitating sacrifice to perfec-
DANIEL SHARP FORD
tion was uniformly characteristic of the man. His altruism in-
sisted that the goods he manufactured for the public should never
fall below his coveted model, whatever that ideal cost him. Al-
though as a rule he gave higher prices to his contributors than any
of his contemporaries (always in advance of publication), he would
restore without repayment a purchased article to its writer, if after
maturer consideration it seemed unavailable, or if press of matter
had kept it long unprinted. His system of premium-giving not
only paid young people for working up the circulation of the Com-
panion, but often the nature of the prizes offered encouraged liter-
ary work and developed dormant talent. His expensive editorial
page was a non-partisan forum where young readers learned from
employed experts how to discuss every current question. It goes
without saying that the moral tone of the whole paper was unim-
peachable — and it remains as he left it.
As an altruist Mr. Ford began his career as soon as he began to
make money. Began, it is better to say, as soon as he owned any-
thing he could give away. When he had little he helped those who
had less. The instinct for helping the needy was in his blood, for
his Christian father had many years looked out for the poor and
was familiar with their wants, as an almoner of church charities
and gifts of the benevolent in the community who knew the faculty
and the fidelity of the man.
The thought of wealth was a stranger to Mr. Ford, till wealth
came; and when it came he bestowed in proportion to his rise in
fortune. Afflicted families, feeble churches, widows struggling to
save a mortgaged home, honest men in a business crisis, needing
a timely loan, wornout laborers needing rest, young men of talent
and promise with no means; these, and others innumerable, were
the recipients of his habitual benevolence, besides all the obscure
cases of assisted want that were never reported — for often the gen-
erous almoner would not let his left hand know what his right hand
was doing. With all this free kindness to actual distress, he was
never unmindful of his hundreds of wage-earners — some of whom
had been with him more than thirty years. Their salaries were
ample, but regularly through the last eight or nine years of his hfe
a handsome sum of money, as a New Year's gift, found its quiet
way to the hands of each one. It was better than profit-sharing,
because it came not as an obligation, and with little or no question
DANIEL SHARP FORD
whether the last year had been what is called a "good year" or a
bad one. The same beneficence marked his dealing with the sick
among his helpers, the unfortunate, the necessarily absent, and with
the families of the dead.
As a Christian philanthropist Mr. Ford's thoughts and theories
were his own, and were the mature fruit of lifelong observation, and
the suggestion, besides, as he believed, of a higher than human wis-
dom. He maintained that the Christian Church, in its possibilities
and its divine aim, was the one organized hope of the reform and
redemption of society. "Christ and His Church," he said, "em-
body the conservatism that alone can adequately, and will ulti-
mately, restrain the selfishness that leads men to prey upon each
other. The recognition of this should give energy and latitude and
usefulness to the religious and benevolent activities of the church;
for Christianity can do better and greater work for the soul than
can be done by mere philanthropy, and more permanent and thorough
work than can be secured by legislative enactment."
In furtherance of this faith and conviction he bequeathed
upwards of a million dollars, in trust, to the Baptist Social Union,
of which he had long been chairman of the lay and clerical "Com-
mittee of Church Work." This sum includes S600,000 of real estate
whose income shall be used "for the religious, moral, and intel-
lectual improvement of working people," and $125,000 of personal
estate, in addition, for the same purpose, when a family life-tenure
expires. The rest of the legacy ($350,000) provided for a building
with an assembly hall, a library, committee rooms, and conference
rooms for ministers' meetings or associations for religious and benevo-
lent work, and the rental of apartments to let (if any) to be used —
after repairs and local expenses — for the benefit of working men
and their families.
By the testator's request, also, the Social Union became vir-
tually his corporate successor in the responsible charge of the Ruggles
Street Church, the most important interest and the real center of
his later religious activities and munificent contributions, the Union
being entrusted with the management of its estate, and the carrying
on of its ecclesiastical and institutional work.
A glimpse at this favored church, and its average methods and
results, illustrates the ideal aimed at by Mr. Ford, who loved to
say "almost every man will come to a church which comes to him."
DANIEL SHARP FORD
Its ministries include a pastor, the responsible head of the whole
organization; a responsible head of the benevolent and educational
work; a salaried Sabbath-school Superintendent, with an assistant;
an agent, cautious, kind-hearted, with keen perceptions of human
frailty and sympathy with human misfortune, to attend to all
applications for help; a scout to canvass the whole district twice a
year, and watch and report on the entire field; a capable person in
charge of an intelligence office; and other capable help selected by
the head of the secular department. This ideal, of course, repre-
sents the mission of a Christian church in the congested districts
of a city. To realize it Mr. Ford spent money almost without
limit. During the last year of his life he gave forty-two thousand
dollars. The operation of the plan, as sketched above, continues
substantially as he described it before his death. "The attendance
at all the church gatherings is large and is largely increased by the
services of the church in the home. Those who come to the church
find a welcome in the vestibule, a free seat within, the best possible
music, and simple, brief, helpful preaching. Conversions are con-
stant. The evangelic spirit pervades every service."
As one of the leading ministers of Boston remarked, "Mr. Ford
made his business a means, and not an end. His business was a
great machine for the production of character."
Few men who have done so much have so constantly shunned
publicity. Known by his own affectionate circle, by the churches
and societies that were his beneficiaries, and more or less among
the public activities of charity, religion, and literature, Mr. Ford was
a stranger to his millions of readers. His name was never printed
in his paper until after his death. He preferred to let his deeds
speak for him; and while myriads of firesides are happier for the
visits of the household journal whose value he created, influences
as enduring will go from the permanent centers of moral and edu-
cational help which he made possible in the city where he spent
his laborious life. A Baptist by tuition and belief, his sjinpathies
embraced humanity. His heart went out to the unchurched
masses, and he dreaded their growing alienation — a drift that
might end in hopeless antagonism. A religion that would reach
them and appeal to them was his ideal, and it was to that end tJhat
he committed his plan to the Baptist Social Union, and at his death
left so large a share of his fortune of between two and three millions
in their trust.
DANIEL SHARP FORD
The imposing building at the corner of Columbus Avenue and
Berkeley Street, Boston, is the monument of Mr. Ford's business
success; the Ruggles Street Institutional Church, in Roxbury,
with its manifold agencies, is one of the monuments of his piety and
munificent devotion; and "Ford Hall," the superb structure at
Ashburton Place on Beacon Hill, is the monument of his Christian
philanthropy and social hope. Warned by his physician, when his
cares began to accumulate, that he was breaking down under the
burden, and must shift some of it to his young assistants' shoulders,
he began to lighten the daily strain of habit, giving fewer and shorter
hours to his office, denying himself to visitors, taking pleasure drives
in the country and pleasure trips up and down the harbor in his
yacht. But he began too late. Retirement was not recreation;
and eventually increasing illness confined him to his house and to
his bed. He died on the 24th of December, 1899, in the seventy-
eighth year of his age.
Of his family, wife and three children, only the eldest daughter
survives, Mrs. William N. Hartshorn, of Boston.
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SAMUEL PEARLY GATES
IN 1638, in the good ship Diligent, saihng from Ipswich, England,
came one Stephen Gates, who was the second son of Thomas
Gates, of Norwich, England. He settled first in Hingham, in
the colony of Massachusetts Bay, the port at which he landed. He
subsequently removed to Stow, in Middlesex County, where he pur-
chased a three- hundred-acre farm of Edward Drinker, of Boston,
and recognizing that the Indians might have a just claim upon the
land, in 1684 he obtained from Benjamin Bowhoe, a sachem, a quit-
claim deed. The greater part of this land remained in the Gates
family until 1886 — more than two hundred years.
Paul Gates, a descendant of Stephen, and grandfather of Samuel
P., was born at Stow, December 16, 1772, and settled in Ashby, in
the same county, in 1799, and the following year married Elizabeth
Hayward, who, according to family tradition, was a descendant of
Peregrine White, the first white child born of the Pilgrims. She
was the daughter of Paul and Anna (White) Hayward, of Box-
borough, Massachusetts, born October 7, 1776, and died in Ashby,
May 8, 1855. The fine old family home in Ashby was for more
than a hundred years the Gates family Mecca, and the recollections
of the many happy gatherings there is a rich legacy to all those
who participated therein. There Paul Gates died, August 10, 1819.
Pearly Gates, the father of Samuel P., was born in this old man-
sion, January 19, 1806. In a published work it is said of him, that
he was a very successful farmer and a most excellent judge of farm
stock, in which he took great pride. " He was a far-seeing and honest
man in his business relations, and in his family he was kind, affec-
tionate, and patient. He had a calm and pleasant disposition,
and was fond of religious poetry and the beautiful in nature. Re-
ligion and righteousness in his mind stood far above riches and
fame."
He married October 1, 1834, Mary, daughter of Robert Water-
man and Susannah (Butler) Burr, of Ashby. She was born Novem-
SAMUEL PEARLY GATES
office. He is a member of the Commercial Club of Bridgewater
and thoroughly fond of social life and games. He is partial to driv-
ing, as a relaxation from business cares, and formerly, more than
at present, took exercise upon horseback.
Circumstances largely controlled his action when he entered
business life, and in laying the foundations of his character while
young, home influences, school life, and contact with experienced
business men, each had its share, but the mother's influence excelled.
Mr. Gates has during all his mature life been a very busy man,
and has had little time or opportunity to develop his literary taste;
nevertheless, he and his cousin Julius Kendall Gates performed a
good and satisfactory work when they compiled the "Gates Book,"
containing the genealogy of the Gates family of Ashby.
Mr. Gates married October 26, 1871, Marcia E., daughter of
Jacob and Joan (Holmes) Jackson, of Plymouth. She was a de-
scendant of Governor Bradford, the historian of old Plymouth
Colony. She was a student of the Normal School, a woman of high
ideals, literary in her tastes and of dignity and strength of char-
acter. A daughter was born to them who lived but about six months.
The mother died January 20, 1873, nine days after the birth of her
child.
Mr. Gates is a member of Bridgewater Post 205, G. A. R., and
was honored by National Commander Gen. W. W. Blackmar, in
1904, by appointment upon his staff. He is also member of the
Society of the Army of the Potomac, the Sons of the American
Revolution, and of the Old Bridgewater Historical Society. Sketches
of his active life have been pul)lished in the before-mentioned "Gates
Book," and in the Plymouth County History.
Mr. Gates would have the young Americans "seek good religious
influences and give strong support to the church. It is very impor-
tant to have good companions. Cultivate habits of industry. Be
known to be reliable and faithful to every duty. Always try to
be cheerful and thus add to the world's stock of cheerfulness."
Tacitus was bold enough to say of a friend, "Not because of
any extraordinary talents did he succeed, but because he had a
capacity on a level for business and not above it."
,yU ■ J I <^^>M>Uv
MICHAEL FREEBERN GAVIN
ACCORDING to John O'Hart's "Irish Pedigrees," the name
Gavin, Gaven, Gavine, Given, was common in Ireland as
early as 1689. In that year Richard Gavan, Jr., was an
officer of the Exchequer. He gives a description of the family coat
of arms.
Michael Freebern Gavin was born in Roscommon, Ireland, in
May, 1843. His father, named John, was born in 1808 and died
in 1882. He was the owner of a manufacturing establishment, a
man of good business ability, upright and honest in all his deahngs.
He was able and willing to give his son the advantages of a good
education and felt amply repaid for his forethought and kindness
as he witnessed in his old age the success of his talented son in his
chosen profession.
Dr. Gavin's mother was Mary Freebern, whose father was Robert
Freebern, who was born in 1780, and died in 1858.
While yet a youth Dr. Gavin was interested in general literature,
spending much of his time in reading good books, and showing a
decided interest in the study of physiological subjects, an aptitude
which indicated his early choice of a profession. Much of his study
was classical, and he was particularly fond of reading Plutarch's
Lives. He received the degree of M.D. from the Harvard Medical
School at the early age of twenty-one years. He left the Harvard
school in 1864 and obtained a Fellowship degree in the Royal
College of Surgeons in Ireland in 1866, and afterwards did post-
graduate medical work in the University of Paris for two years.
The young doctor having completed his very thorough prepara-
tory studies, entered with zeal upon the practice of his profession
in Boston in 1868. His choice of a profession was his own un-
fettered preference, and his ardent love for his early calling is still
unchanged. He has in his professional career done much work in
the Boston City Hospital. He was for a time visiting surgeon in
its out-patient department; senior resident physician in 1864-65;
MICHAEL FREEBERN GAVIN
visiting surgeon from 1886 to 1907; trustee of the hospital from
1878 to 1884, and is now its consulting surgeon. He was also
consulting surgeon of St. EHzabeth's Hospital, and professor of
chnical surgery in the Boston PolycUnic, from 1888 to 1891. He
has been visiting surgeon of Carney Hospital since 1880. Dr. Gavin
was also United States pension examiner in 1885-86. He is a
trustee of the Union Institute for Savings and a director in the
Mattapan Deposit and Trust Company.
Dr. Gavin has also to his credit a mihtary record, as he was
acting-assistant surgeon in the United States Navy in 1863, and was
assistant surgeon in the 57th regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers
in 1865. He has contributed scientific and literary articles to book
reviews and periodicals, the most notable being, " The Treatment
of Burns," published in the ''Dublin Medical Press," and "Com-
parative Statistics of Suicide," in "Appleton's Weekly."
Dr. Gavin is a Fellow of the Massachusetts Medical Society;
the Boston Society for Medical Improvement; the Boston Society for
Medical Observation; American Medical Association; British Med-
ical Association; the Royal College of Surgeons, in Ireland; the
Papyrus Club, and the Boston Athletic Association.
In his pohtical affinities he is an independent Democrat. He is
loyal to the religion of the Catholic Church taught him by his
mother, who by her influence exerted a strong influence in the early
formation of his moral and spiritual life. He is of the opinion that
" the study of good literature and keeping in touch with the passing
events of the day is about the best form of amusement and relax-
ation," although he is very fond of fishing and hunting and other
field sports. He is particularly fond of riding horseback for exercise,
and considers it of ''great benefit to those of sedentary habits."
Dr. Gavin, when well settled in the practice of his chosen pro-
fession, married on November 22, 1876, Ellen Theresa, daughter
of P. and M. A. (Walsh) Doherty, and granddaughter of William
and Margaret Walsh and of John and Mary Doherty, who came
from Ireland to America about 1790. Of the three children born
to the doctor and his wife there survive Basil Gavin, who is in busi-
ness, and Hilda T., who resides at home.
The controlUng impulse which inspired the busy hfe of Dr.
Gavin has been "sincere apphcation to duty, honesty, and truth-
fulness, and a broad outlook on life."
ffUyi'AA^^
ARTHUR OILMAN
ARTHUR GILMAN was born in Alton, Illinois, June 22,
1837, and died at Atlantic City, New Jersey, December
27, 1909. His father was Winthrop Sargent Oilman, son
of Benjamin Ives and Hannah (Robbins) Oilman; grandson of
Judge Joseph and Rebecca (Ives) Oilman; great-grandson of the
Rev. Nicholas and Mary (Thing) Oilman; great-great-grandson of
Judge Nicholas and Sarah (Clark) Oilman; great-great-great-
grandson of Councilor John and Elizabeth (Treworgye) Oilman,
and great-great-great-great-grandson of Edward and Mary (Clark)
Oilman of an ancient Welsh family. The name was Oilmin before
the removal of the family to Norfolk, England, when the spelling
was changed to Oylmin, Oilmyn, and at last to Oilman. Edward
Oilman with his wife and son left Oravesend, England, in the ship
Diligent of Ips\\nch; arrived in Boston, August 10, 1638, and settled
in Hingham. Their son, John Oilman, the royal councilor of New
Hampshire, 1680-83, and speaker of the House of Representatives,
was married June 20, 1657, to Elizabeth, daughter of James and
Catherine (Shapleigh) Treworgye. Their son, Judge Nicholas
Oilman, held also important offices in New Hampshire. His son,
Nicholas Oilman, Jr., was graduated at Harvard in the class of
1724 at the age of seventeen. He was a clergyman, a friend of
Oeorge Whitefield and Sir William Pepperell, and died in 1748.
His son. Judge Joseph Oilman, was chief member of the Board
of War of New Hampshire during the Revolutionary War. At
its close he joined the officers of the American Army who formed
the Ohio Company and founded Marietta in 1788, and was made
judge of the Northwestern Territory by President Washington.
His son, Benjamin Ives Oilman, grandson of Benjamin Ives, of
Beverly, Massachusetts, was a member of the Ohio Convention of
1803 that framed the state constitution, afterwards removing to
Philadelphia and New York. His son, Winthrop Sargent Oilman,
went from New York to Alton, Illinois, at the age of twenty-one,
ARTHUR OILMAN
and established himself in business. On the occasion of the "Love-
joy Riot," in 1837, he was by the side of the anti-slavery martyr
when he was shot. It was he who received the printing-press that
caused the tragedy. He was in business in St. Louis, Missouri,
1843-49. In 1849 he returned to New York City, where he was
prominent in business and banking circles, and in the Presbyterian
Church. He married Abia Swift, daughter of the Rev. Thomas
and Martha (Swift) Lippincott, descended from the family that
came to Boston in 1640. Their son, Arthur Oilman, was, as a
child, of delicate health, fond of reading and writing, and by reason
of his lack of physical vigor was given no youthful tasks which
involved severe labor. He often spent his summers in the Berk-
shire Hills, Massachusetts.
In 1857 he began his business life as a banker as partner in the
firm of Halsted & Oilman. His father subsequently joined the
firm, which became Oilman, Son & Company. He was married,
April 12, 1860, to Amy Cooke, daughter of Samuel Ball, of Lee,
Massachusetts, and four children were born of the marriage. After
some years of active life in the busiest of financial centers his fail-
ing health warned his physician to advise rest for recuperation and
he selected the neighborhood of the home of his wife and purchased
an estate near Lenox, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, which he
named "Olynllyn." Here he gave himself to agriculture and at
the same time engaged in literary studies and interested himself
in the condition of pubhc education in Berkshire County. He was
twice chosen a member of the local school committee, and he spent
much time visiting schools and colleges in various parts of the coun-
try, lecturing on education in its numerous phases, and studying
the various methods of imparting instruction. He visited England
in 1865, to gain data in preparing his genealogical history of the
Oilman family, and he extended his visit to Paris and Rome. In
1867 Williams College honored him by conferring upon him the
degree of A.M. His health had so far improved in 1870 that he
accepted an offer from Houghton, Mifflin & Company, of the
Riverside Press, where his first book on English hterature had been
published, to interest himself in that concern, and he removed to
Cambridge and devoted himself more to authorship. He was for a
time editor of the publications of the American Tract Society and
wrote much for periodicals.
ARTHUR OILMAN
At the time of the Centennial Celebration at Philadelphia, 1876,
Mr. Oilman's attention was turned towards the education of women.
His first wife died in 1875, and he was married again in Cambridge,
July 11, 1876, to Stella, daughter of David and Stella (Houghton)
Scott, of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, a woman of high attainments and
widely interested in philanthropic movements. He had long been
devoted to the consideration of problems connected with the higher
education of young women, having in immediate view the wants
of his own daughters. This want led him to formulate a plan
intended to make it possible for young women to profit by the
courses of instruction given to men in Harvard College. After
mature consideration and discussion with intimate friends, the plan
was communicated to President Eliot. Many members of the faculty
of Harvard approved the plan at once, and President Eliot gave
counsel without which the first steps could not have been taken.
A body of seven influential ladies took charge of the work, and
a few years later the "Society for the Collegiate Instruction of
Women " was incorporated. Mr. Oilman was secretary, executive
ofiicer and director. The project was at once nicknamed "The
Harvard Annex," and later became Radcliffe College, of which
Mr. Oilman was the first regent. The plan, as at first outlined,
comprehended as the final issue of the experiment the establishment
of organic relations with Harvard University, and Mr. Oilman so
set forth the plan to President Eliot at its inception, also saying
that when the time arrived he would withdraw from its further
management. In 1886 the needs of Mr. Oilman's younger daughters
led to the estabUshment of a school for girls, first known as "The
Cambridge School for Oirls," but which gradually took the name of
its founder and became officially as well as locally kno^vn as "The
Oilman School for Oirls." Mr. Oilman resigned as regent of Rad-
cliffe College in 1896, but he retained his position as a member of
the Radcliffe corporation, and was always recognized as an important
factor in its gro%\i:h. At the time of his resignation the students
and friends of the college established the "Arthur Oilman Book
Fund of Radcliffe College Library," the books, history and litera-
ture to be selected by Mr. Oilman.
His release from the personal oversight of Radcliffe left him free
to give his entire time to the directorship of the Oilman School for
Girls. In September, 1896, Helen Keller, the blind, deaf girl entered
ARTHUR OILMAN
the school as a candidate for college preparation, with Miss Sullivan
as interpreter of the instruction of the teachers. Mr. Oilman care-
fully trained himself for this work, and gave the preliminary Harvard
examinations to Miss Keller, by means of the manual alphabet.
His pupil passed them with eminent success.
Mr. Oilman was a charter and honorary member of the Ameri-
can Historical Association; charter member of the Authors' Club
of Boston and of the Episcopalian and St. Botolph Clubs, Boston,
of the New England Agricultural Society and of the Colonial Club
of Cambridge; corresponding member of the Wisconsin Historical
Society and of the New York Biographical and Oenealogical Soci-
ety; a founder and secretary of the Longfellow Memorial Associa-
tion and of the Lowell Memorial Society. He also served as
secretary of the Cambridge Humane Society for many years; served
on the board of visitors of the Episcopal Theological School of
Cambridge, of which he was secretary, and on the board of visitors
of Wellesley College. Harvard University conferred on Mr. Oilman
the honorary degree of A.M. at the Commencement of 1904. Pre-
vious to that time he had been for twenty-five years the only
member of the governing bodies of Radcliffe College not holding a
degree from Harvard. The day after Commencement he was elected
an honorary member of the Harvard chapter of Phi Beta Kappa.
He was affiliated with the Republican party from its inception, but
voted for Mr. Cleveland for President. He was a contributor to
"The Atlantic," ''The Century" and other magazines. One of
his articles which received much notice appeared in " The Atlantic "
in August, 1904, under the title, " Rhoda's Teacher and her School."
In it he embodied some of his ideas concerning the education of
girls.
Mr. Oilman edited the " Oenealogy of the Family of Oilman in
England and America." He edited and contributed to ''Boston,
Past and Present" (1873); ''Library of Religious Poetry" (1880);
"The Kingdom of Home" (1881); "Magna Charta Stories" (1882);
the "Poetical Works of Oeoffrey Chaucer" (3 vols., 1896) for the
series of "British Poets" which had been edited many years before
by Professor Child of Harvard University, but from which he had
excluded Chaucer on the ground that no suitable text existed. The
Chaucer Society had since partially supplied the deficiency, and Pro-
fessor Child gave assistance in the work of Mr. Oilman. He com-
ARTHUR OILMAN
piled an "Index to the Complete Edition of the Works of Samual
Taylor Coleridge" (1884); and is the author of "First Steps in
English Literature" (1870), which passed through many editions;
"Kings, Queens, and Barbarians" (1870); "First Steps in General
History" (1874); "The Cambridge of 1776" (1876); "Shakespeare's
Morals" (1879); "History of the American People" (1883); "Tales
of the Pathfinders" (1884); "The Story of Rome" (1885); "Short
Stories from the Dictionary" (1886) ; "Story of the Saracens" (1896) ;
"The Discovery and Exploration of America" (1897); "The Making
of the American Nation" (1887); "The Story of Boston" (1889,
new ed. 1895); "The Cambridge of 1896" (1896); Dryden's "Pale-
mon and Arcite" (1898). He collaborated with Baring-Gould,
Church, Stanley-Lane-Poole, Mahaffy, and Rawlinson in Putnam's
"Stories of the Nations" series, — The Story of Germany, with
Baring-Gould (1896); The Story of Carthage, with Professor Church
(1886); The Story of the Moors in Spain, with Stanley-Lane-Poole
(1886); The Story of the Turks, with Stanley-Lane-Poole (1888);
The Empire of Alexander, with Professor Mahaffy (1887), and
Egypt, with Rawlinson. For the series he wrote "The Story of
Rome" and "The Story of the Saracens."
ETHAN DENISON GRISWOLD
THIS descendent of the well-known Griswold family of Con-
necticut, although for many years past he did business in
New York City, was a native of Colrain, Franklin County,
Massachusetts. The Griswolds were prominent early settlers, the
national census of 1790 showing at that time in the new nation 205
heads of families, and 967 others of the name: 8 families residing
in New Hampshire, 21 in Vermont, 13 in Massachusetts, 128 in
Connecticut, 32 in New York, and 3 in Pennsylvania.
Ethan Denison was the first born of the children of Joseph and
Louisa (WiUiams) Griswold. He was born March 11, 1831, and
died at Poland Spring, Maine, July 22, 1910. He was named for
his maternal grandfather, Ethan Allen Denison, who died in 1814
when twenty-seven years of age, leaving as his widow EUza (Williams)
Denison.
Mr. Griswold's paternal grandfather was the Hon. Joseph Gris-
wold, of Buckland, Massachusetts, who at the tim.e of his death, in
1843, was a member of the Massachusetts State Senate. He was
one of the strong men of the western part of the State in his day and
generation. His wife was Louisa White, a woman of most remark-
able ability and tact. She survived her husband for fifteen years.
Her father, Joseph W^hite, was born in Lancaster, Massachusetts,
and died in Denmark, New York, about 1820. Her mother was
Parna Brooks, bom in Sterling, Massachusetts, and died in Charle-
mont, Massachusetts, aged about thirty-five. The parents of Major
Joseph Griswold were both from Lancaster, Connecticut, and died
in Delhi, New York, each aged about seventy-five years. Sketches
of the fives of Joseph and Lorenzo, younger brothers of the subject
of this sketch, are to be found in this work, in which information
concerning the Griswolds who were prominent in founding the Con-
necticut colony may be consulted.
At the time of the birth of Ethan Denison Griswold, his father,
Joseph Griswold, Jr. (as he was then called), was struggling to estab-
ETHAN DENISON GRISWOLD
lish himself in a manufacturing business, his entire capital being
his determination to succeed, his good bodily health, his ability to
work from fourteen to sixteen hours out of each twenty-four, and
success in convincing other people to believe that he was sure to
accomplish whatever he undertook to do.
As soon as the lad was of such age as to be of assistance in the
village store or about the mills, and school attendance did not inter-
fere, he, being fond of mechanics, willingly aided his father in his
many undertakings. His father, having been a school teacher of
large experience, felt the necessity of suitable education for his chil-
dren, and his son was sent regularly to the district schools and then
for a season to WilUston Seminary at Easthampton, Massachusetts.
The son inherited a goodly supply of the restless energy of his father,
and could not spare the time necessary for a college course. At an
earl}^ age preference and circumstances determined that he should
become a manufacturer.
His school days over, he gave his time and efforts to aiding in
the management of his father's affairs at the cotton mills in Colrain.
January 13, 1852, he married Sarah D., daughter of Captain John
Wilson, of Colrain. She died April 15, 1865. Of the three children
born of this union, only Frank D. Griswold, now the agent and direc-
tor of the Griswoldville Manufacturing Company and the Turners
Falls cotton mills, survives. August 4, 18G8, Mr. Griswold was
again married to Florence A. King, of Malone, New York. Florence
Louisa was the only child of this marriage and she died in infancy.
In 1865, the business of the company having largely increased,
three of Mr. Joseph Griswold's sons were admitted to participation
in the concern. Ethan D. Griswold, as treasurer, became the New
York agent for the purchase of supplies and the sale of manufactured
goods. The other offices of the company were filled by the members
of the Griswold family as they became able to perform satisfactorily
the duties of their positions.
The remarkable success which has resulted from the able manage-
ment of the corporation these many years is witness of the sagacity
and forethought of the man who laid its foundations so broadly and
firmly, and transmitted to his progeny those characteristics which
made his business career so successful.
Ethan D. Griswold was a Republican in politics, but never took
upon himself public office, and took no active part in the turmoil
ETHAN DENISON GRISWOLD
of the unsavory partisanship which bargains for public office. In
his rehgious affinities he remembered with the greatest affection the
sweet influences of his sainted mother, and worshiped with those
of the Congregational faith. He was always passionately fond of
fishing and hunting, and when a boy roamed over the foot-hills of
the Green Mountains in search of game, and fished in the many beau-
tiful rivulets which made up the si-zable river upon which stood his
father's mills. In later years opportunities for the enjoyment of
these sports were nearly always taken into consideration, when
choice was made of a place to spend his vacations.
A long and busy life spent in keeping in touch with the cotton
and cotton goods market of New York must test to the utmost a
man's physical and mental qualities. That Mr. Griswold was so
long able to successfully perform these duties, and continue the work
in his advanced years to the satisfaction of himself and his asso-
ciates in business, plainly indicates that he was a "Captain of
Industry."
'iT_-^3 \i<^-^{^
JOSEPH GRISWOLD
A STRONG, successful business man who has just crowned an
active career with a deed of fine philanthropy, Mr. Joseph
Griswold, of Greenfield, Massachusetts, has long been honored
as one of the foremost citizens of the western portion of the Com-
monwealth. Mr. Griswold is of an old New England family, dis-
tinguished in these later generations for its ability in manufacturing.
His father, Joseph Griswold, Sr., was a famous pioneer in the manu-
facture of cotton.
The first Griswolds were leaders of the Puritan migration. Some
of them landed in New England in 1638. Joseph Griswold and his
brothers are descended from Michael Griswold, who settled in
Weathersfield, Connecticut, about the year 1645. Sound, vigorous,
sagacious men were these Griswolds of the Connecticut colony, and
they came into more and more commanding influence. One of
them, Matthew, was governor of Connecticut in the years immedi-
ately following the Revolution. Another was Chief Justice and
president of the convention that ratified the Federal Constitution.
Another, a son of the Chief Justice, sat on the Supreme Bench of
the State, and there was a second governor of the Griswold name
just before the War of 1812.
Joseph Griswold, Sr., had received an excellent education and
was a schoolmaster in early life. His trained mind and native New
England shrewdness were quick to perceive the industrial oppor-
tunities of Massachusetts in the effort which the new nation was
making to win its economic independence of Europe. He established
a small mill, devoted largely to wood-working, and later changed
this into a cotton-mill. From the very first he was successful —
for he was a man of extraordinary energy and perseverance.
The younger Joseph Griswold was born in Colrain, Massachusetts,
July 9, 1840. Fortunate was he to be brought up under the guidance
of such a father. The boy was given six months of the year for
school, and then for six months he worked with his father in his
JOSEPH GRISWOLD
various occupations of farming, lumbering, storekeeping and the
cotton-mill. This life called for versatility as well as unflagging
industry, and it was the best possible training for a man of business.
The lad's mother, Louisa Williams (Denison) Griswold, guarded
carefully the moral and spiritual welfare of her son. He was fond
of good reading — especially of scholarly orations and of history,
regarding this reading as pleasure, not as work. He read Rollin's
Ancient History, Josephus Gibbon's Rome and Current American
Histories before he was sixteen years of age. His studies at the
district school were supplemented occasionally by attendance at
select schools, and he rounded out his education by a course at the
Powers Institute, Bernardston, Massachusetts.
Mr. Griswold's first important business venture came when he
joined his father and brothers, in 1865, in building mills for the
manufacture of cotton goods. His father's influence and example
were the prime factor in determining him to become a manufacturer.
Mr. Griswold was successively the superintendent, the agent and the
vice-president of the Griswoldville Manufacturing and Turner's Falls
Cotton Mills. He took up his home in Greenfield, where he has
long resided as manager of the mill at Turner's Falls, while his
brother Lorenzo remained in Colrain, and another brother, Ethan,
represented the business as sales agent in New York City. Mr.
Griswold and his associates have seen their interests steadily expand
and their name become an honored one in the textile industry of
America.
Mr. Griswold has been sought for important business respon-
sibilities outside of his own special interests in manufacturing.
He was one of the founders of the Home Market Club. For
twenty-seven years he has been a director of the Crocker National
Bank of Turner's Falls, and for twenty-three years a trustee of the
Franklin Savings Institution of Greenfield — for eight years on the
Finance Board. He is an important factor in the Board of Trade
of Greenfield, and his counsel in practical affairs is highly regarded
by the business men of this part of Massachusetts.
His first vote was cast for the Democratic party, but Mr. Gris-
wold has long been an earnest Republican. He has presided at
many political meetings, and has spoken often and acceptably before
political gatherings in western Massachusetts. He is a master of
the important question of the tariff, and has been urged to ruQ
JOSEPH GRISWOLD
for Congress, under circumstances where he was certain of nomina-
tion and election if he had been willing. But Mr. Griswold has
regarded the demands of his business as paramount, and has declined
every suggestion that he become a candidate for public office, save
when he served, in 1892, as one of the Republican Presidential
electors from Massachusetts.
Mr. Griswold was married in Mystic, Connecticut, on September
5, 1865, to Fanny E., daughter of Joseph and Fanny (Stanton)
Cottrell. His wife died in 1901, leaving no children. For the past
two years Mr. Griswold has been building a beautiful library in his
native town of Colrain to the memory of his father, mother and wife,
and this structure has been recently dedicated and given to Colrain
with a generous endowment to support it. It is of artistic design,
standing on an elevation on the main street of the village. It con-
tains a collection of oil paintings, the gift of Mr. Griswold, and the
bookstacks have a capacity for twenty thousand volumes. This
memorial library is a great benefaction to Colrain, and it has won
for Mr. Griswold the enduring gratitude of the people of the town,
with which his family has been for eighty years so closely identified.
Mr. Griswold's counsel to the young people of our State and
country is drawn from the experience of his own busy and produc-
tive life. "I believe," he says, "in spending half the year in study
and half in manual labor. All work makes Jack a stupid boy; all
study makes Jack a dull boy."
In his home town of Greenfield Mr. Griswold enjoys to a remark-
able degree the respect and admiration of his friends and neighbors.
He is a member of the Greenfield Historical Society, the Greenfield
Club and the Coaching and Country Clubs of Greenfield, and he is
an honorary member of several Grand Army posts. He is a member
also of the New England Society of the city of New York. In
religious faith he is a Congregationalist.
JOSEPH GRISWOLD
THE Griswolds, whose English home was at Kenilworth in
Warwickshire, were represented in New England as early
as 1638. Michael, who arrived in America about 1645 and
settled in Weathersfield, Connecticut, was the ancestor of the Joseph
Griswold who is the subject of this sketch. The men of this family
figured largely in the early history of Connecticut. Matthew, one
of the first settlers of the name, often represented Saybrook in the
General Court and was frequently mentioned in the published cor-
respondence of John Winthrop, Jr., who was governor of Connecti-
cut from 1657 to 1676, with the exception of one year. A later
Matthew was governor of that state from 1784 to 1786, and Roger
Griswold served ten years in the National Congress; was judge of
the Supreme Court in 1807, and governor of the state from 1811
to 1813.
With such family antecedents it may well be assumed that when
Maj. Joseph Griswold left the place of his birth at Litchfield, Con-
necticut, about the year 1800, and removed to Buckland in old
Hampshire County, in the Bay State, he possessed those elements
of character which in later years proved creditable to his distinguished
ancestry.
Major Griswold was a man of action and prominent in town
and state affairs, serving in both branches of the Massachusetts
legislature with honor and credit. Joseph, Jr., as he was known
until the decease of his father, was the fourth of the fourteen chil-
dren of Major Joseph. He w^orked in his father's carpenter and
cabinet-making shop, where he became an adept in the use of wood-
working tools; attended the district school of the neighborhood
when in session, and later, Sanderson Academy, in the adjoining
town of Ashfield. There he had for a companion in his studies,
Mary Lyon, who afterward conducted a school for j^oung ladies in
his father's house.
While at the academy he gave much attention to the study of
^^<^«'^
y
JOSEPH GRISWOLD
Latin, as he at that time intended to become a physician. He had
no capital and, hke many another able and ambitious New England
youth, taught school, being very successful in Colrain and Ashfield.
When about twenty years of age the young man took a journey
west, travehng as far as Detroit, Michigan. While on this outing
he first saw the manufacture of sash, blinds and doors, by machinery.
Being skilled in their manufacture by hand, he was deeply interested
and determined to give up preparation for a professional life and
become a manufacturer. He first began making sash, blinds and
doors at Ashfield, but soon removed his business to Buckland.
While teaching in Colrain he for the first time met Miss Louisa W.
Denison, of Stonington, Connecticut. The acquaintance ripened
into affection, and resulted in their marriage at Stonington, Novem-
ber 23, 1828.
In 1828 Mr. Griswold decided to locate his manufacturing busi-
ness upon North River in Colrain, and at once built a house and a
shop. The erection of these buildings was mostly the work of his
own hands, and he toiled from daylight until dark with untiring
energy. It is related of him that he carried up the ladder and laid
upon the roof of his barn, in one day, seven thousand shingles.
Mr. Griswold soon added to his business the manufacture of
wooden lather boxes, for which purpose he invented a machine to
cut them out of maple plank. He also made gimlets and augurs.
But his active mind was bent upon larger industries, and after mak-
ing investigation concerning the business at North Adams and
elsewhere, he decided to undertake the manufacture of cotton cloth.
Therefore in 1832 he built a wooden structure sufficiently large to
contain sixteen looms and the other necessary machinery, and
before the end of the year he had doubled its capacity.
Being successful in this venture, he three years later added to
his water power, and built a brick mill, for which he made his own
brick. This mill accommodated one hundred and forty-four looms.
Two years later came the financial crisis of 1837, and after a severe
struggle Mr. Griswold, like hundreds of others, was compelled to
yield to the storm. The apparent disaster proved a blessing. By
his industry and admirable management of business affairs, he had
established a fine reputation among the city merchants with whom
he dealt, and they, wishing to retain his custom, furnished financial
aid, enabling him to reorganize under the name of The Griswold-
JOSEPH GRISWOLD
ville Manufacturing Company, with increased facilities for business.
But few years elapsed before Mr, Griswold was able to purchase all
the stock of the company and become virtually the sole owner of
the property.
The little hamlet which had grown up about the mills had
become " Griswoldville," and had its store and post-office. The
business of the company created a market for the produce of the
surrounding farms, the young men and women of American parent-
age found employment in the mills and the community was happy
and self-respecting.
In 1846 the company established a commission house in New
York for the sale of the manufacture of its own and other mills, and
the purchase of supplies. Mr. Griswold now having spare funds
purchased a fine farm in Stonington, Connecticut, and for six years
made it his home. Here he raised fine stock, and to some extent
became interested in shipping and whaling ventures.
In 1851 the old wooden mill was destroyed by fire, and Mr.
Griswold returned to Griswoldville, and on the old site built a larger
brick mill. Five years later the company lost by fire the original
brick mill, and a new one was immediately built and equipped with
two hundred and ten looms. About 1865 the company purchased
the ''Willis place" in Colrain, with which was connected a fine
water power, and proceeded to develop it by the erection of a large
mill and the necessary tenements for the employees. The business
of the company being more than doubled, Mr. Griswold admitted
to active participation in its affairs three of his sons, Ethan Denison,
in charge of the New York office, Joseph Jr., and Lorenzo.
Mr. Griswold had never found time for recreation, but he was
indulgent toward his children in this respect. About this time he
varied his active life by purchasing several farms in Colrain, and
taking up agricultural improvements with his characteristic energy.
Some of these farms joined each other and he caused his son Joseph
to put into practical use his knowledge of surveying by a thorough
running out of the old lines, and the making of a plan of the consoli-
dated purchases. He proved equal to the task.
But nothing could divert Mr. Griswold from expending his
energies in the direction of increasing the productiveness of his
factories. He desired larger power than could be obtained upon
the small streams in Colrain, and watched with interest the develop-
JOSEPH GRISWOLD
ment of Turners Falls, where he soon made a purchase. In 1874
he began the erection of a large mill and tenement block at this
place, proceeding with much caution, cutting the necessary timber
from his own farms, manufacturing his lumber at his own mills,
making his own brick, and carefully supervising the whole work.
The mill was completed about 1879, and is now operated under the
personal supervision of his son, Joseph Griswold.
During the construction of this mill, Mrs. Griswold kept accu-
rately all the complicated accounts relating to it. She was a woman
of energy and superior worth, faithfully devoted to her husband
and the care and training of the many children she bore him. She
made the family home sunny and attractive and was beloved by
all the community in which she hved and was the acknowledged
leader. The poor and suffering who sought her aid never went
empty-handed from her door. The father was kindly and indulgent
to the children, but it was the refined influence of the mother which
bore fruit in the formation of their characters. Of all the successes
of his busy life, Mr. Griswold's most advantageous transaction was
when he persuaded Louisa W. Denison to become his wife.
November 23, 1S78, the six surviving children and their children,
and numerous other friends and relatives, helped the father and
mother celebrate their golden v/edding. On the 17th of the follow-
ing March Mrs. Griswold died.
Mr. Griswold occasionally contributed articles of much value to
the local press. They were always remarkable for their convincing
style, which showed that the writer possessed much talent and literary
ability. He was at times persuaded to dehver an address upon some
public occasion, and one delivered in his own yard, July 4, 1837 or
'38, is recalled, which bristled with wit and wisdom. In 1879 he
gave the centennial address in his native town of Buckland. In
his characteristic manner he recited interesting reminiscences, illus-
trating by anecdotes of prominent characters of his boyhood days
the habits and customs of those who had passed on.
Although the industries which he had founded paid more than
one fifth of the annual tax levy of Colrain, Mr. Griswold could sel-
dom or never be induced to take town office. He, however, exerted
great influence in the management of public affairs. His life, be-
gun at Buckland, August 9, 1806, ended suddenly at Colrain, Octo-
ber 23, 1883.
JOSEPH GRISWOLD
It is the privilege of but few people to so impress their individuality
upon the community in which they dwell. All the honors due to
the memory of a public benefactor are due from the people of Col-
rain to the memory of Joseph Griswold. By his good judgment,
untiring energy, and remarkable tenacity of purpose the town is
indebted for a large share of its material prosperity.
The substantial library building recently erected and endowed
by his son and namesake, and dedicated by the donor to the memory
of his wife and his father and mother, is not only a beautiful memorial
to those most dear to him, but an enduring evidence of the desire
of the giver to promote the welfare and happiness of the community
with which the Griswold family have so long had close association.
LORENZO GRISWOLD
THE son of a manufacturer and himself a manufacturer who
has won conspicuous success, Mr. Lorenzo Griswold, treasurer
and director of the Griswoldville Manufacturing Company
and Turner's Falls Cotton Mills, is a fine type of the thoroughness
and thrift of the best New England character. He was born in
Mystic, Connecticut, on January 5, 1847. His father, Joseph
Griswold, was a manufacturer of cotton cloth and a man of remark-
able enterprise, courage and determination, well equipped to fight
the strenuous battles that had to be waged in the earlier develop-
ment of the textile industries of New England. The mother of
Lorenzo Griswold was Louisa W. (Denison) Griswold.
The Griswold family is one of the oldest and most honored in
Connecticut. It is descended from Edward, Matthew and Francis
Griswold, who came from Warwickshire, England, to Windsor,
Connecticut, in 1638; and from Michael, another brother, who came
from the same English county to W^eathersfield, Connecticut, about
1645. It is this Michael Griswold who was the direct founder of
that branch of the family to which Lorenzo Griswold belongs.
Matthew Griswold was governor of Connecticut in 1784—86, chief
justice of Connecticut for some time, and president of the conven-
tion that ratified the Federal Constitution in 1788. Roger, his son,
was judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut in 1807, and governor
of the State in 1811-12. Few families of the old Puritan stock have
given more of energy and wisdom to the upbuilding of New England.
Lorenzo Griswold was studious as a boy, fond of declaiming,
debating and writing in school. His life as a youth was one of
regular and wholesome industry. Out of school hours he worked
systematically either in the labor of the farm or, more of the time,
keeping books in the office of his father's cotton-mill and assisting
as a clerk in the store connected with this establishment. While
yet a boy he mastered the principles and details of business and
learned the lesson of close application to the work in hand, which
LORENZO GRISWOLD
many lads not so fortunately circumstanced do not acquire until
they have reached manhood.
He was fortunate in his home environment. His father inspired
him with an ambition to follow in his footsteps and become an
active business man and capable manufacturer. His mother im-
pressed upon him the value of upright living and a firm and honest
character. The boy had no difficulty in securing an education.
His father determined for him that he should have what in that
time was a good education, and though he was not sent to college
he did secure a broad and useful training at Powers Institute in
Bernardston, Massachusetts, and at the well-equipped and cele-
brated Williston Seminary at Easthampton, Massachusetts. Mr.
Griswold was a good scholar, and outside of the regular course of
the schools took delight in reading the best authors, finding especial
interest in Carlyle and Emerson.
Finishing his school days at eighteen, Mr, Griswold, in 1865,
entered the office of his father's mill in Griswoldville, Massachusetts,
as a bookkeeper. He already had some acquaintance with the
business, and he devoted himself to mastering all of the details of
management. His father died in 1883, and the control of the busi-
ness came into the hands of Mr. Lorenzo Griswold and his brothers
and nephews. Mr. Griswold has now been for twenty years treasurer
and director of the Griswoldville Manufacturing Company and the
Turner's Falls Cotton Mills, and is regarded as one of the soundest
and most successful manufacturers of the Franklin County section
of Massachusetts.
Mr. Griswold's ability in mercantile affairs has won recognition
outside of the immediate limits of the industry with which he is
identified. He has been for eighteen years president of the Shel-
burne Falls National Bank, conducting it with marked fidelity and
skill. He has been for ten years a director of the Shelburne Falls
and Colrain Street Railway. He is also president of the trustees of
Arms Academy of Shelburne Falls. Mr. Griswold has led a busy
life as a man of affairs, but he has never lost his early fondness for
literature and for scholarship, or forgotten the love of his boyhood
days for writing. He is the author of a volume of "Short Stories,"
printed by the Trow Press in 1907, and he had written earlier a
novel, " Priest and Puritan," which is published by Brentano's, New
York.
LORENZO GRISWOLD
To the Congregational Church Mr. Griswold has given devoted
service. For forty years he has been the treasurer of the Congre-
gational Society of Colrain, Massachusetts, He is a Republican in
his political allegiance. The diversions of which he is most fond
are riding, tennis and walking. He is a member of the New Eng-
land Society of New York.
Mr. Griswold was married on April 6, 1869, to Lizzie, daughter
of Thaxter and Eliza A. Shaw of Montague, Massachusetts, grand-
daughter of Capt. John Wilson of Colrain, Massachusetts. Mr.
and Mrs. Griswold have two children living — Lorenzo Griswold, Jr.,
who is an undergi-aduate in college, and Vivian, who is married.
Mr. Griswold is true to his New England ancestry. His fore-
fathers were men of affairs indeed, devoted men of business, masters
of their profession. But they recognized that there is more to life
than the mere earning of a livelihood or the attaining of material
ambitions. They were students of history, interested in the past
and interested even more in the events of their own time. Often
the busiest men among them had a taste for literature and some-
times an ability to achieve something of their own in literature.
Mr. Griswold's career is proof that the fine, strong qualities of the
old New England race have been transmitted to this generation.
AMOS LAWRENCE HOPKINS
PRESIDENT MARK HOPKINS' third son, Amos Lawrence
Hopkins, was born April 10, 1844, at Williamstown, Mas-
sachusetts. He became a business man and has spent his
Hfe in active employments. His mother was Mary Hubbell, who
survived her husband several years.
The Hopkins family has long been identified with Berkshire
County, first for a considerable period with Stockbridge and later
with Williamstown.
The identification of Dr. Mark Hopkins with educational work
made the early training of his household in intellectual life
easy and inevitable. The mother, Mary Hubbell, was a kindly,
lovable woman, who aided the discipline of the family, and both
parents had that great dignity which establishes and readily main-
tains culture. The children had free access to books. Amos Law-
rence Hopkins was fond of history, biography and the novels of Scott
and Dickens. His name, Amos Lawrence, was given him in
recognition of the gifts of Amos Lawrence to the college. Amos
Lawrence Hopkins was trained in the schools of WilliamstowTi,
and graduated at Williams College in 1863.
He, from the outset, was inclined to active employments, and
easily took up the occupation which he ultimately pursued. He
entered the army in August, 1863, as second lieutenant in the first
regiment of Massachusetts Cavalry. He was promoted as captain
and major; was wounded in the Battle of the Wilderness, and mus-
tered out in 1866. He then took up the railroad business.
Railroads in their early history in the United States very gener-
ally failed financially. This was in part due to a lack of experience
and in part to the fact that commerce was slow to accept and flow
freely in the new channels. It has rarely happened that so many
railroads and fragments of railroads in a bankrupt condition have
waited on any man who was possessed of sufficient constructive power
to handle them successfully. Men like Amos Lawrence Hopkins,
AMOS LAWRENCE HOPKINS
with a speculative and enterprising temper, responded to the oppor-
tunity. For some time railroads were combined and extended to
the advantage of the country and often greatly to the advantage of
the large number of persons to whom they gave employment. The
circumstances gave opportunity for a management that developed
the roads to the great advantage of their patrons and stockholders.
It was when the organizing and speculative movement was in full
swing that Colonel Hopkins began his railroad work. The eminence
he attained in it is sufficiently indicated by the positions he came to
occupy.
He was, in 1868, superintendent of the Housatonic Railroad; in
1871, superintendent of the Kansas, St. Joseph and Council Bluffs
Railroad. Later he was vice-president of the Illinois Central Rail-
road; receiver of the Toledo, Peoria and Western Railroad; vice-
president of the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific; the IVIissouri Pacific;
the Missouri, Kansas and Texas and the Texas and Pacific Railroad.
In 1896 he was president of the New York, Susquehanna and West-
ern Railroad Company, and receiver of the Northern Pacific Rail-
road. At this period he retired from business.
He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce of the city of New
York; of the Military Order Loyal Legion; of the University and
St. Anthony Clubs of New York City; Metropolitan Club of Wash-
ington, D. C; Union and Country Clubs of Boston; and the Jekyl
Island Club of Georgia.
He is a member of the Republican party. He was married,
January 30, 1892, to Therisa B. Dodge of Boston, Massachusetts.
He is trustee for several estates in Boston, and has a winter
residence at 46 Commonwealth Avenue.
He counts farming among his amusements. He bought several
adjoining farms in Williamstown, extending from the valley westward
over the foot-hills up the mountains. The site is one of unusual
beauty. IN.Ieadows. pastures and forests, glens, cascades and brooks,
make it a choice place even in Berkshire. It has been developed
with much good taste and compares favorably with any location
in the country. Mr. Hopkins has showTi in this "amusement" a
skill and industry which farmers would do well to emulate.
HENRY HOPKINS
HENRY HOPKINS was the oldest son in a family of children,
eight of whom, four sons and four daughters, reached adult
years. He was born at Wilhamstown, Massachusetts,
November 30, 1837. His parents were Mark Hopl-dns and Mary
(Hubbell) Hopkins.
He graduated at Williams College in the class of 1858. He
spent two years in Union Theological Seminary and finished his
work of preparation under the instruction of his father. He entered
the ministry in 1861 and at once accepted duty in connection with
the Civil War. He was chaplain in the hospital at Alexandria,
and chaplain of the 120th New York Regiment. He was with the
Army of the Potomac during the trying experiences that closed the
war and was commended in general orders for gallantry under fire.
This extended service was in keeping with his patriotic impulses,
and served to strengthen and consohdate his character. His love
of country found still further expression in the aid he gave in the
formation of national cemeteries, those solemn monuments of the
cost of Uberty. He became pastor of the Congregational Church
in Westfield in 1866, where he remained until 1880. He was then
called to the First Congregational Church in Kansas City. He held
this charge for twenty-two years and was then appointed president
of Williams College, which post he occupied for six years.
Henry Hopkins was fitted for ministerial work by a sober and
well-furnished mind and by a warm and sympathetic heart. He
spoke to his people from a fixed conviction of Christian truth, and
called out their affections by the constancy of his own life and work.
This cordial open temper fitted him especially for work in the West.
On his departure from Kansas City a pubUc dinner was given him
which was attended " by the leading men of the city. The speakers
on that occasion were full of regret at his departure." He formed
wide ecclesiastical relations and held important positions. He
was vice-president of the American Board of Commissions for
HENRY HOPKINS
Foreign Missions, of which his father was so long president, and
vice-president of the American Missionary Association. He was
also trustee of Williams College. He received the degree of D.D.
from WiUiams College and that of LL.D. from Amherst College.
Induced by age and ill health he resigned his position of president
at the close of the college year 1907-08. His years of administra-
tion were signally prosperous in the increase of funds and in the
erection of buildings; particularly of the beautiful Thompson Chapel.
He called out the love of the students, the regard of the faculty and
reduced to a minimum those frictions which are incident to college
life. At the close of his service he went abroad with his family,
hoping to restore his health, which had become during the last years
somewhat impaired. He was attacked with pneumonia on the
voyage, and died at Rotterdam shortly after landing, August 18,
1908. His body was brought to this country and rests in the College
Cemetery, Few men have found their labors accompanied with a
like amount of good will, and few indeed have been able to inspire
such high regard.
Henry Hopkins was married to Alice Knight, daughter of Lieuten-
ant-Governor H. G. Knight, of Easthampton. She died in 1869,
and in 1876 he was married to Jeanette M. Southworth, of Benning-
ton, Vermont, a woman well fitted to aid and support him in all
his work. There are two sons, Albert and Henry; and two daughters,
Louise and AUce. Albert graduated at WiUiams in 1900 and is
engaged in business in New York. Henry, also in New York, grad-
uated in the class of 1903 and at the Harvard Law School.
Among the last words addressed by President Hopkins to young
men were these : " In the four years we have been together you have
reaUzed some ideals and fallen short of others. We are still chil-
dren picking up pebbles on the shore. I wish to leave this impres-
sion with you. The truth still remains to be reahzed. Go forth
into the hght; be not afraid of the darkness. Continue to be stu-
dents. Have a vocation within your conviction, remembering that
there is a Holy Spirit that dwells within and guides us."
The following is from the Kansas City Star, Tuesday, August 16,
1908: "The days of our years are threescore years and ten; and
if by reason of strength they be fourscore years, yet is their strength
labour and sorrow; for it is soon cut off, and we fly away. —
Psalms 90: 10.
HENRY HOPKINS
"This passage from the great psalm of Moses, which we have
all heard so often as it has broken the solemn hush that the pres-
ence of death commands, seemed to be prophetic in its apphcation
to Dr. Henry Hopkins, in whose Ufe and death the world beheld
an example of perfect maturity and symmetry. He passed the
allotted period of threescore years and ten by some months. The
margin, in harmony with all of the rich blessings by which his fruit-
ful life was crowned, was not wide enough to give place to labor or
sorrow beyond the measure of the debt which Nature, at the last,
exacts of all her children. His period of suffering and of the anxiety
which comes to the strongest and the most victorious with the
encroachments of disease was brief, and we who knew him well may
believe that as he looked down into the Valley of the Shadow it was
"with the strong confidence and composure which is the priceless
reward of those who keep the faith, and make the law of life the
fulfilment of righteousness.
"There is no call at this time for a panegyric on the life and
character of Dr. Hopkins. His record is ineffaceably written in the
memory of all who loved him, and that means all who knew him.
His great goodness, his rare refinement, his gentle heart, his high
mind, his helpful sympathies, his unusual talent for usefulness, all
come crowding up for recognition and generous praise, and with
such a responsive offering of affection and appreciation as only
those who are great in their fiber and purpose can command.
" It is a source of the greatest pride to Kansas City that it was
the home of Dr. Hopkins for twenty-two years; that for that period
of time the community was permitted to draw from the rich inspira-
tion of his fine intellect and his finer soul. He died far from the
scene of his labors here. An ocean separates his body from his
native land. But he is as near to-day to this community, and as
present in the influence of all his good works and his spiritual striv-
ings for the people as if he had closed his eyes for the final sleep
within the confines of this city, instead of sending his last thoughts
of us all from across the sea."
The following minute was adopted at a special meeting of the
President and Trustees of Williams College on the death of Mr.
Hopkins:
"Gathered to attend the funeral of Rev. Dr. Henry Hopkins,
our late President, we spontaneously think of his Ufe of blessed
HENRY HOPKINS
service in various spheres of usefulness; manifold results of which
have already come and will hereafter come increasingly. His
activities were more than usually diverse. He had scarcely entered
upon his chosen work of the Christian ministry when the Civil War
began; and he was among the first to perceive the imperative need
of Christian service in the hospital and in the army. His chaplaincy
at Alexandria was a personal appointment made by Mr. Lincoln in
response to his own desire, before any such office was created by
law. It was the inauguration of a spiritual movement which brought
new forces to bear upon men who were in circumstances of peculiar
need and were cut off from all ordinary influences of moral support
and quickening. From the hospital Dr. Hopkins went into the field,
with quick discernment of need or opportunity, undertaking many
kinds of service and aiming to establish them as permanent methods
of organized usefulness. It is not too much to say that such work,
in hospital and army, was in many ways a transforming power,
giving a new and higher tone of life to the soldier, making him truer
in his loyalty and more efficient in the performance of his duties.
"Thus Dr. Hopkins served the nation to the end of the war;
then turned to the work of his profession in Westfield and after-
wards in Kansas City. In both communities he was a recognized
and growing power. Especially in Kansas City his activities were
even more diverse — in the church and the municipality, and in all
forms of sociological transformation. His power over young men
was said to be phenomenal, giving them new ideals and animating
them with a new spirit. His services were sought in various wider
fields of Christian and philanthropic work; in the State and in the
denomination to which he belonged; and everywhere he showed
original and inspiring power.
"In his late maturity he was called to the presidency of this
college — an office in which his revered father had been most illus-
trious. Of his service here we have already spoken in a minute
adopted June 25, 1907. He came with no previous experience in
academic administration, and the duties of his office were doubtless
more of a strain upon him on that account. But he filled out the
term that he had set for himself when he accepted the office. He
was evidently much exhausted in strength at the close of his ser-
vice. But we hoped that he would remain among us for a decade
or more, in the serenities of a loving home and in the consciousness
HENRY HOPKINS
of public esteem, still bringing forth fruit in ripest years. It was
not so to be. The strain of his work had kept him up to the last
moment. When the release came he sank at once.
"The death of a faithful Christian man is not a calamity, come
when or how it may. To such, death is birth into a new and higher
realm where activities are fresher, larger, more fruitful. It is not
a prolonged separation from kindred or friends or fellow workers
in the Kingdom of our Lord. It is not an occasion of lament for
the departed, but of congratulation. For us who remain, it brings
consolation and inspiration, which we would appropriate for our-
selves, and commend to all who loved Dr. Hopkins, and who now
and here are in sorrow for his absence from them."
The following memorial was prepared and adopted by the New
York Alumni:
"The Williams Alumni Association of the City of New York
desires to place on its records a minute expressing the deep sorrow
that its members feel in consequence of the death of Dr. Henry
Hopkins, who retired during the present year from the presidency
of the college. We desire to record the keen appreciation felt by
the members of our Association of the admirable character, the
tender humanity, and the unvarying and constant love that he bore
our alma mater.
" His personal charm, the loveliness of his character, the gracious-
ness of manner, and the cordial sympathy that was extended to
every student was all impressed upon the young men who were
brought into relations with his administration, in such a way as to
make a distinct contribution to their uplift and development.
"The noble struggle which he made against advancing disabil-
ity will always be recalled with deep admiration by those who
knew the record of his life in the service of the college. He sought
and obtained the confidence of a large number of the student body,
and by his unwavering behef in the good impulses of young men,
encouraged the development of the best that was in them "
MARK HOPKINS
MARK HOPKINS, the fourth president of WilHams College,
was born in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, February 4,
1802. He came of families distinguished in the history
of New England. One of his great-grandfathers was the Rev. John
Sargent, the first teacher of the missionary school for Indians at
Stockbridge. Mr. Sargent's wife was the daughter of the first Col.
Ephraim Wilhams, the father of the founder of Williams College.
Mark Hopkins' grandfather on the Hopkins side, Col. Mark Hopkins,
was not merely a distinguished soldier, but had inherited from his
father, Timothy, a prominent citizen of Waterbury, Connecticut, a
love of freedom and a devotion to public affairs that made him
active and prominent in the agitation preceding the Revolution.
He was a delegate to the county convention held at Stockbridge in
July, 1774, and a member of the committee that drafted resolu-
tions professing loyalty to the king but insisting on certain rights
for the colonies. He died at White Plains, of typhoid fever, in the
active service of his country, October, 1776. He was a younger
brother of the theologian, Samuel Hopkins, who was trained in
theology by Jonathan Edwards. The great pupil may have had
somewhat less fame than the great teacher, but his departures from
Edwards' doctrine were softening features of that system. Mark
Hopkins' father, Archibald, was a farmer, a man of excellent char-
acter and position, if less well known than his father or his son.
Mark Hopkins' mother was Mary Curtis, a woman of large intelU-
gence and force, and to her he owed some of his finer traits.
He was fitted for college partly at Chnton, New York, and partly
at the Stockbridge Academy. Before entering college he taught a
school of a few pupils, for one year, in one of the interior counties
of Virginia. He entered Williams College as a sophomore in 1821,
and graduated in 1824. He studied medicine in the school at
Pittsfield during the following year. He became tutor for his alma
mater in 1825, and held that position for two years. He resumed
MARK HOPKINS
the study of medicine in 1827 and was preparing, in 1830, to settle
in New York City as a physician when the professorship of moral
philosophy and rhetoric in his college was offered to him and ac-
cepted. Having been professor for six years he became president
in 1836, and remained in that office thirty-six years, teaching every
senior class a large part of each year. After his resignation in 1872,
he continued to teach the favorite subjects of his lifelong study,
intellectual and moral philosophy, until his death, June 17, 1887.
His entire active Ufe was thus closely identified with Williams
College. Within the circle of the hills of WilUamstown he was a
student and teacher from 1821 to 1887, with interruptions amount-
ing at the most to five years. He was called repeatedly to other
positions, to professorships in theological seminaries, to the pastorate
of city churches, to the presidency of at least one Western univer-
sity; but he remained steadily identified with his own alma mater,
having a large conception of the service he could there render.
Such activities outside of the college as were consistent with his
duty he cheerfully rendered. He preached on important occasions,
gave courses of Lowell lectures, lectured in theological seminaries,
and was president of the American Board of Commissioners for
Foreign Missions for thirty years, presiding over its great meet-
ings with striking dignity and power.
It was in the presentation of truth, whether in the class-room,
in the pulpit, or on the platform, that his influence was most stim-
ulating and produced the largest results. He made his mark on
the graduates of fifty-nine college classes, as tutor, or professor, or
president. His personal presence was impressive and command-
ing, and when deeply moved, as when in the discussion of certain
fundamental principlea he encountered what he deemed a pernicious
doctrine, his analysis and refutation were most enUvening. He
was a master of the Socratic method, questioning and answering
questions with the patience, dehberation, and skill that eUcited
the warmest admiration of his more thoughtful pupils. It is a pity
that the examples of his brilHant repartee in the class-room were
not carefully recorded. They would constitute a most instructive
teachers' manual, as well as give entertainment to a large circle
of general readers. His efforts were always directed to the awak-
ening of thought and conscience, and to the development of rever-
ence and charity among his pupils.
MARK HOPKINS
The college, in the early years of his presidency, was without
large resources and equipments; indeed, one may say it was in great
poverty. He taught anatomy and physiology for a few weeks at
the beginning of each senior year as the necessary basis of his
mental and moral philosophy. When at length he secured a much
needed manikin for this instruction, he was obUged to give his own
note for the amount of the purchase and to go about in the winter
vacation, packing the manikin in his sleigh, to deliver lectures to
secure money wherewith to pay for the manikin.
In his teaching he imparted to his pupils a breadth of view and
a wisdom that ignored the petty and loved the great. He inspired
them with a longing for the stalwart, indomitable manliness that
scorns unessential accidents, that says, with John Heywood, "The
loss of wealth is loss of dirt," and seizes the true centers and
sources of power. His delight in universal principles and laws, his
calm movement along the starry heights where feeble heads grow
dizzy, did not preclude a reaching far down of the outstretched
hand to help upward the dull pupil who had a true desire for
improvement. The essential meaning of Christianity, the unity
of the sublimest principles with the tenderest condescension for
individuals, was the theme that called out his loftiest eloquence.
His baccalaureate sermons and his addresses before the American
Board are the noblest of his discourses. But the occasional sermon,
often profoundly stirring a great audience, could not produce such
permanent results as did the prolonged daily teaching in the
class-room. He was one of the last examples in New England of
the college president as father, teacher, counselor, and friend. No
president ever taught so long, or with such massive simplicity and
aptness, and no president probably had behind him so large and
so loyal a body of grateful pupils.
To many his conduct of evening prayers, a daily exercise for
the larger part of his presidency, was deeply impressive. He used
often to read the nobler passages from Isaiah, which treat of God's
majesty, with such dignity and power that the attention of even the
most careless was arrested. His pupils still speak of the evening
service with gratitude.
He was not a prolific author, but the works that he pubUshed
had a far-reaching influence. "The Evidences of Christianity,"
lectures delivered in Boston in 1S84, was used as a text-book in
MARK HOPKINS
colleges for many years and is an eloquent exposition of the evi-
dences as then usually presented, and not without new and strik-
ing analogies. "Lectures on Moral Science," delivered before the
Lowell Institute in 1862, first presented his doctrine that obUgation
to choose the higher good is intuitive and ultimate, and that " right "
itself is not an intuitive idea. This doctrine found fuller treatment
in the " Law of Love," also a course of Lowell lectures, pubUshed in
1869. "An Outline Study of Man," pubHshed in 1873, was an
analysis of man's faculties and the laws of their action and was
used by him as a text-book until his death, as was also "The Law
of Love." "The Scriptural Idea of Man," lectures before the Yale
Theological Seminary, published in 1883, at the age of eighty-one,
is a contribution to the exposition of the harmony of the Scripture
with reason. It is a noble testimony to the rationality of the Chris-
tian system and endorses and justifies the present exaltation in
theology of the Son of Man. From the beginning to the end of
his career his devotion to his great work was inspired and guided
by loyalty to Christ as the root and center of true psychology as
well as the Saviour of the world.
One of his most distinguished pupils described the final mission
of the later psychology as destined " to flood and transfuse the new
and vaster conceptions of the universe and of man's place in it —
now slowly taking form and giving to reason a new cosmos and
involving momentous and far-reaching consequences — with the
old Scriptural sense of unity, rationality, and love beneath and above
all." Words could hardly more fully formulate the aim of all the
thinking of Mark Hopkins. He stood always for unity, for reason,
for love in his philosophy and in theology. As illustrating these
traits and at the same time exhibiting the sweep of his eloquence,
two or three sentences from a baccalaureate discourse may be fitly
here introduced. Speaking of God and the study of His thought
and its unity, he said:
"He it is that through uniformities and resemblances and ten-
dencies whispers into the ear of a philosophy, not falsely so called,
its supreme truths; and as we begin to feel and trace more and more
these Hnes of relation that bind all things into one system, the
teaching of any one of which may vibrate to the fixed stars, this
communion becomes a high and thrilling science and is no longer
cold. It Uves and breathes and glows and in the ear of love its
voice is always a hymn to the Creator."
MARK HOPKINS
These words from his sermon to the class of 1872, on Christ's
giving, have great breadth of imagination and nobly exalt the power
of Christ's love:. "He gave not as he gives whom giving does not
impoverish, but He gave of His heart's blood till that heart ceased
to beat. He planted His cross in the midst of the mad and roaring
current of selfishness, aggravated to malignity, and uttered from
it the mighty cry of expiring love. All the waters heard Him and
from that moment they began to be refluent about His cross. From
that moment a current deeper and broader and mightier began to
set heavenward, and it will continue to be deeper and broader and
mightier till its glad waters shall encompass the earth and toss
themselves as the ocean."
In the sermon on the death of President Garfield he says : " He
pursued of his own accord the ends proposed by the institution."
Then follow sentences full of wisdom and enforcing the supreme
value of sound home training as a preparation for the successful
college education. " Give us students who will do that and it is
all we ask. To teach a class of such young men would be a joy.
Full cooperation throughout between teachers and students is the
one thing needed for the best results of the college. For this
nothing can be substituted; but this cannot be, unless the students
have been well trained at home. The family, not the school and
the college, is the seed plot of society. If the students sent us are
indifferent or averse to study, if they are of the caliber and taste to
do hereditary tricks and perpetuate hereditary annoyances, if they
tend to mischief, dissipation, and fun, or even to distinction in inter-
collegiate games rather than in collegiate studies, they may be ad-
vised to leave college, or patience and hope may tide them over the
four years, but the ends proposed by the founders and benefactors
of our colleges and sought by their trustees and teachers will not
be reached."
In his address to the class of 1870, at the close of his bacca-
laureate sermon, occur these words: "I have said to you that the
carbon of the diamond and the quartz of the rock crystal and the Hme
of the calc-spar are seeking their ideal. After this, too, it is that the
oak and the elm are struggling and battling with the elements.
It is the tendency to this in the movements of all things in nature
that gives them their beauty. They all call to you to come into
harmony with them and to struggle towards that higher ideal of
MARK HOPKINS
your higher nature which is the glory and crown of these lower
works of God. It is to the Ufe of struggle towards this ideal that
the Saviour calls you, and He calls you to suffer only as it may be
incidental to that. That ideal He Himself was and is."
The resolutions passed by the trustees of the college at the time
of his resignation in 1872, and similar resolutions adopted by the
alumni, may fitly close this sketch :
"Under a deep sense of gratitude to God that He has so long
preserved the Ufe and strength of their distinguished president,
Mark Hopkins, and also of unfeigned sorrow that he is constrained
by his own convictions of duty to resign the office which he has held
during the last thirty-six years, the trustees of Williams College do
record a faint expression of their views and feelings in the follow-
ing resolutions :
"1st. That the administration of the college, under the presi-
dency of Dr. Hopkins, has been, from the beginning to its close, in
the highest degree honorable to the president, grateful to the board,
and eminently useful to the college which, in his administration, has
attained a distinction and power unequaled in its history.
" 2d. That the instruction of Dr. Hopkins in the department of
Mental and Moral Science have marked an era in their study and
have impressed on the minds of successive classes, for nearly forty
years, great principles, which have exerted on them controlling
influence in their subsequent career.
" 3d. That the contributions of Dr. Hopkins to human knowledge,
by lectures and through the press, are part of the heritage which
we shall cherish as our own, and that the renown which he has so
justly won is shared by the college to which he has given so much
of his illustrious life.
"4th. That the trustees congratulate the college upon the fact
that Dr. Hopkins will continue to give instruction in the professor-
ships of Theology, and Intellectual and Moral Philosophy, which
he has hitherto held, and that his invaluable instruction will here
be enjoyed, we trust, through many years to come.
"5th. That into the retirement from the presidency which he
has so long dignified and adorned, the good wishes and prayers of
the trustees will go with him, that the remainder of his days on earth
may be as peaceful and happy as his life thus far has been useful
and honored.
MARK HOPKINS
" Cth. That the trustees record with lively interest their pleasant
recollections of the family of Dr. Hopkins, whose graceful hospital-
ities and genial society have so largely contributed to the enjoyment
of the friends of the college.
" 7th, That the close of Dr. Hopkins' administration is hallowed
by the death of his learned and beloved brother, Prof. Albert Hop-
kins, whose loss we deeply deplore, and whose memory will long be
fragrant, alike in the college and the town.
" 8th. That these resolutions be indelibly engrossed, presented to
the Rev. Dr. Hopkins, and entered upon the records of the board."
The following resolutions were adopted by the Alumni:
" Whereas, since the last annual meeting of the Alumni, Pres-
ident Hopkins has signified his intention of retiring from the pres-
idency of the college; and
"Whereas, the administration of his great office has been so
honorable to him and so advantageous to the institution, that we
cannot permit him to lay it down without expressing our apprecia-
tion of his services and our respect for his character; therefore be it
''Resolved, That we have heard of the intended retirement of
President Hopkins with deep regret that he should have found the
cares of office incompatible with the repose to which his long and
brilliant career as president and instructor entitle him, and we hope
that even yet the college may have the benefit of his counsel, and
the students may receive some portion of his instruction.
"Resolved, That, looking back over the six and thirty years during
which he has stood at the head of this institution, we find every-
thing to praise and nothing to regret, but their close. He has raised
the reputation of the institution and extended its usefulness. He
has fulfilled all its duties with a zeal, fidehty, and vigor worthy of
all commendation. Firm and concihatory as master, unrivaled as
teacher, he has won the respect and affection of all, whether as officer
or student, who have any official relation to him.
"Resolved, That, in now closing these relations, we beg leave, one
and all, to tender him the expression of our thanks, our admira-
tion, our affection, and our wishes for his future welfare."
JAMES FROTHINGHAM HUNNEWELL
JAMES FROTHINGHAM HUNNEWELL, merchant, antiqua-
rian, historian, genealogist, was born in his father's house,
13 Green Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts, July 3, 1832.
His father, James Hunnewell, was a son of William and Sarah (Froth-
ingham) Hunnewell; grandson of William and Elizabeth Hunnewell,
and a descendant from Ambrose Hunnewell of Devonshire, Eng-
land, who settled about 1660 on Hunnewell Point, Maine, at the
mouth of the Kennebec; and from his son, Charles Hunnewell,
who removed in 1698 to Charlestown, Massachusetts Bay Colony;
and from William and Ann Frothingham, who settled in Charles-
town in 1630. " Both the Hunne wells and Frothinghams were
good reliable subjects and citizens throughout."
James Hunnewell married Susan, daughter of Joseph and Su-
sanna (Frothingham) Lamson, of Charlestown. He was a shipping
and export merchant, principally with the Hawaiian Islands. He
was noted for his good works, integrity, courage and enterprise;
throughout a business life of nearly half a century, ending with
his death in 1869 at his home in Charlestown.
James Frothingham Hunnewell was not a strong child, and his
special tastes were those that developed in his mature life. He grew in
strength through care and frequent visits to the country, but his eye-
sight was not strong. His instruction, therefore, was confined to pri-
vate schools and a six months' term at Phillips Academy, Andover,
Massachusetts. He engaged in mercantile business with his father
when he was eighteen years old, and after learning its details and
management, and acquiring a thorough knowledge of the foreign ports
with which his trade was carried on, he relieved his father of many
of its cares and responsibilities. He always liked a good ship, was
methodical in his habits and fond of travel and observation, espe-
cially of natural scenery and places of historic interest and of art
as applied to architecture. His tours have included the United
States and Canada from sea to sea and twenty-four in the Old
^v^vw^iyc^
~=riM.
i^\^^
U6
JAMES FROTHINGHAM HUNNEWELL
World. In these visits he made notes of fully one thousand build-
ings of interest in history and art; attempted to gather and pre-
serve information on various matters of interest and importance,
with which he enriched his books and writings. His early reading,
besides the Waverley Novels, for which he confesses a lifelong in-
terest, were books on art, history and architecture, and these en-
couraged his taste for investigation, and in 1866, when he closed
his active career in business affairs, he gave more time to literature
and historical research.
He was married April 3, 1872, to Sarah Melville, daughter of
Ezra and Sarah Melville (Parker) Farnsworth, of Boston, and their
only child, James Melville Hunnewell, was graduated at Harvard
University A.B. 1901, LL.B. 1904. Mr. Hunnewell's public ser-
vices include neither military nor political positions and never a
salaried office. He held, however, various offices that required
much of his time, labor and thought, including, in his native town,
chairmanship of the standing committee of the First Parish, Charles-
town, in which he was an officer for nearly forty years; trustee and
committeeman for the purchase of books for the Charlestown Public
Library for eight years; school committeeman by three elections;
vice-president of the Associated Charities of Charlestown; trustee
and vice-president of the Five Cent Savings Bank for many years;
director, and for twenty years president of the Charlestown Gas
and Electric Company; vice-president of the Winchester Home,
and dispenser of hospitality every day of his life from his home,
which was also the home of his father for over half a century.
Through his interest in history he became a member of the American
Antiquarian Society in 1869; of the Massachusetts Historical So-
ciety, of which he was a member of the council; New England
Historic-Genealogical Society, of which he is a life member and was
for years a director; Bostonian Society, of which he is an orig-
inal and life member, for years a director and now president;
Bunker Hill Monument Association, of which he is a director;
Archaeological Institute of America, of which he is a life member;
American Archaeological and Numismatic Society; Prince Society,
vice-president; Society for Propagating the Gospel (founded in 1787),
of which he was a member of the select committee twenty years;
Pilgrim Society; Essex Institute; Wisconsin Historical Society;
Sons of the American Revolution; Union Club from 1865; St.
JAMES FROTHINGHAM HUNNEWELL
Botolph; Round Table; University; Odd Volumes, of which he has
been president from 1895, and numerous other clubs and societies,
over fifty in number.
In connection with Hawaii, besides his business interests, he
was for years president of the Hawaiian Club; for thirty-two
years treasurer in the United States for Oahu College, and cor-
responding member of the Hawaiian Historical Society. His
interest in books led him to collecting what grew into a library of
unusual value in many departments, and consisting of valuable
pamphlets as well as bound volumes. He also inherited a number
of volumes and pamphlets from his father, who, while not a collec-
tor, saved his books and pamphlets. Of his books on Hawaii he
says: "In regard to a country with which we have for the past
eighty-five years had much to do, I wrote 'Civilization of Hawaii,'
and my part of 'Bibliography of Hawaii,' privately printed, one
hundred copies, large quarto (1869); 'Voyage of the Missionary
Packet, Boston to Honolulu,' 1826, privately printed, one hundred
copies, large quarto (1880), besides sundry later historical papers."
Of his work in behalf of historical record of his native town, he says:
"I with my own hand copied two hundred years of the ministers'
records — some of the most important of all the local records, and
I had them printed largely at my own expense: Part 1632-1789,
large quarto (1880), also a 'Bibliography of Charlestown and Bunker
Hill,' (8vo., 1880); 'A Century of Town Life', 1775-1882, with
illustrations from rare originals (8vo. 1882); 'Commemoration of
the Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of the First Church '
(Svo. 1882), besides historical papers variously printed." His de-
light in the works of "the great magician" led him to \isit and
describe the numerous places associated with his works, and re-
sulted in "Lands of Scott" (1871), republished in Edinburgh.
Later he wrote "The Historical Monuments of France" (1884);
"The Imperial Island" (1886), republished in London as "Eng-
land's Chronicle in Stone"; "History of the Society for the
Propagation of the Gospel," (for Centennial of Society, 1887).
"Relation of Virginia by Henry Spelman" (1609) he printed pri-
vately (1872), with introduction.
At the request of the Club of Odd Volumes he prepared five
volumes of American poetry, in which a number of works of prim-
itive literature, almost unattainable, were reproduced in the style
JAMES FROTHINGHAM HUNNEWELL
of the original with facsimile reproductions, and "Triumphs of Early
Printing" (1902). He issued at considerable cost of labor, time
and money, — in order to determine his first ancestors in America,
from what country they emigrated and the time and settlement in
this country, — "Hunne well, Chiefly Six Generations in Massachu-
setts." He also reprinted from Proceedings of the American An-
tiquarian Society, a limited edition of his papers on " Illustrated
Americana," with reports of several other papers read before that
society and elsewhere, with reproduction of views and manuscript.
He received the honorary degree of A.M. from Beloit College in
1858.
James Frothingham Hunnewell died at his residence, 289 Beacon
Street, Boston, on November 11, 1910.
CHARLES ACKERMAN JACKSON
HE life of Charles Ackerman Jackson, portrait painter,
^
I strikingly illustrates the truth that native power will
come to its own whatever the environment of youth. He
is an example of the men of fine artistic temperament who have
strangely sprung from a stern Puritan ancestry.
Charles Ackerman Jackson was born in Jamaica Plain, now a
part of Boston, August 13, 1857. His father, Charles E. Jackson,
was the son of WilUam and Sarah Jackson, and lived as a boy in
the old Jackson House, in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
Mr. Jackson's mother, Carohne E. Ackerman, was the daughter
of Charles and Lucy Ackerman, of Providence, Rhode Island. His
maternal grandmother, Lucy E. Metcalf, was descended from the
Fairbanks family, and from Michael Metcalf who hved in the
famous old Fairbanks House at Dedham. Presumably he inherits
his artistic nature largely from Lucy Metcalf, for she was a writer
of merit, and a friend of all the older generation of New England
poets and essayists.
Charles Ackerman Jackson, as the oldest of a large family,
spaded the garden, raised the corn and vegetables — and cordially
hated the work withal. He much preferred to join his fellows
at football and other out-door sports, or to steal away to the
woodlands and watch the varying pictures as the day's changes of
color came and went. While early hours and much out-door life
were thus not wholly his choice, they certainly confirmed his
heritage of health, for despite a most strenuous life he has never
been sick.
In school young Jackson was one of the best scholars, for his
parents saw that home study was not neglected because of his
fondness for music, drawing and chess. While at school he always
led his class in average rank, and was always first in drawing, for
his talent was evident in youth. At the age of ten he painted in
oils a creditable portrait of his mother. His early instruction by
ac^^
CHARLES ACKERMAN JACKSON
private tutors was in music, and this art has proved a prized relief
and recreation throughout Ufe. He was taught to play the pipe
organ by the late W. J. D. Leavitt, and he now turns from the seven
tones of color on his palette to harmonies of the seven scale tones
on the organ in his studio for rest and inspiration.
Among all his teachers at school, one made a marked impression.
Col. John D. Billings entered the school with a virile force that has
made his influence and memory a power with his boys throughout
hfe. He won their devoted adherence by entering into their life
and sports, and by taking those deserving special reward on long
tramps connected with the nature studies which he introduced.
Mr. Jackson testifies that these trips afield established a life habit
of observing intelligently the geography of any region visited.
While a high-school boy in West Roxbury, impressed by the hard
times and family needs, Mr. Jackson sought work in Boston, and
served Dana Estes in the book business for a fortnight. He did
not like this line and after the big Boston fire changed to the whole-
sale dry goods trade with Morse, Hammond & Company. After
having served his time as a stock boy, he traveled as a salesman
for a number of years throughout the West and South. He served
successive firms and corporations, his last position being that of
treasurer of the Central Oil Cloth Company of New Jersey.
During these years of busy commercial life, Mr. Jackson never
failed in his love of art. Wherever he traveled he sought out the
studios, in search of suggestions from fellow artists. He read much
on art; critical essays, of which he holds Ruskin's writings first;
and text-books, among which Bouvier's was most helpful. He
read widely among books on metaphysics and in the novels of
Bulwer Lytton. As an artist and musician, his mind has always
felt the presence of an unseen world whence fleeting ideals and
creations appear as though some spirit moved him at his work.
As a portrait painter he acknowledges special indebtedness to the
veteran artist, John Arnold, of Providence, who was ever kindness
itself to the young commercial traveler, going out of his way re-
peatedly to instruct him in details of the art. At last Mr. Jackson
gave up commerce wholly for art, and work soon came in abundance
to his Providence studio. His portraits of women and children
excel in subtle deUcacy of flesh tones. His portraits of men are
carefully drawn and truthfully painted, having vitality and ex-
CHARLES ACKERMAN JACKSON
pression, giving a speaking likeness of the real man, for each por-
trait possesses an individuaUty of treatment characteristic of its
subject. In his portrait work Mr. Jackson paints the eyes in full
detail first. This explains the appreciative criticism an English
writer makes upon his portrait of WilHam Morris, noting "the
light in his eyes/' and "the vigorous Viking look," in happy con-
trast to the usual sad expression of his photographs.
Among the many portraits which Mr. Jackson has had the pleas-
ure of painting are those of Bishop Phillips Brooks, now hung in
the Boston Young Men's Christian Union; of Dr. Alexander Quint
and Dr. Dexter, at the Congregational Library; Dr. A. J. Gordon,
in the Ford Building; Albert Metcalf, at the Dennison Tag Company;
also Dr. Geo. C. Lorimer, Dr. Alexander McKenzie and Fayette S.
Curtis, of Boston; Judge Wm. B. Beach, at Indianapolis Court
House; Hon. Francis Colwell, in the Superior Court, Providence;
Mayors Frank Olney and E. D. McGuinness, in the City Hall at Prov-
idence; Prof. J. W. P. Jenks, at Brown University; Dr. Peck, at
OberUn College; Professor Metcalf, at Normal College, Normal,
Illinois; Col. John D. Billings, at the Webster School, Cambridge.
Mr. Jackson, although a member of the Jamaica Club, is too
devoted to art to while away time in club life, but he is a valued
member of the American Art Society. He has two children: How-
ard B., born in 1896 of his first marriage, and Florence E., born in
1905, a daughter by his wife Minerva E., whom he married in 1901.
His wife is the daughter of WilHam and Mary E. Eddy, of Provi-
dence. The family spends the summers at Humarock Beach, Sea-
view, on the south shore of Massachusetts Bay. In this vacation
colony of artists Mr. Jackson finds enjoyment in sketching the
shore and inland scenery, scattering the product among his friends
and the many customers for his recreation work. Rightly honored
as an artist, delightful as a friend, his hfe is a worthy and helpful
example.
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CHARLES HENRY JONES
CHARLES HENRY JONES was born in Ashfield, Massachu-
setts, April 10, 1855. He is the son of Isaac Rodney Jones
and Harriett Sears.
His father, before his marriage, was a sailor, but turning aside
from that occupation he became a painter and dealer in paints and
oils, etc. He was distinguished for his honesty, his integrity, his
frankness and his energy — the qualities which lie at the founda-
tion of genuine American citizenship.
In his youth Mr. Jones was especially fond of out-of-door sports,
and that tendency has had a natural development, as his present
favorite diversions, or amusements, are shooting, yachting and
farming. Hence we find that he is a member of the Eastern Yacht
Club, the Massachusetts Yacht Club and the Beverly Yacht Club.
In politics he is strictly independent, votes either ticket in whole
or in part as suits his ideas of what is wisest and best. He bases his
action in regard to political matters on the views he has of the issues
at stake and the fitness or unfitness of the candidates.
Formerly he was affiliated with the Society of Friends, but of
late years, as a matter of convenience, he has worshiped with the
Baptist people. He enjoyed the advantages of common and high
schools, and one year, 1873, he spent in Dartmouth College.
In 1881 he started in business for himself, under the firm name
of Charles H. Jones & Company, but in 1884 this co-partnership
was merged in the Commonwealth Shoe and Leather Company, of
which Company he is now president.
He was married in 1882, December 21, to Bessie, daughter of
John M. and Emily C. (Pratt) Roberts. Five children have been
born to them, of whom Paul, Elizabeth, Charles H., Jr., and Harriet
M., survive. His convictions in regard to the needs and duties of
young Americans are very clear and pronounced. This is what he
says: "Be pure in heart. Sin, even if freely forgiven, leaves an ugly
scar. Develop a sound body, for without it your usefulness is con-
CHARLES HENRY JONES
fined within very narrow limits. Get all the education you can, for
it is so much easier to learn from the recorded experience of others
than to work out every problem for yourself. Develop a capacity
for work; your achievement never exceeds your effort."
Mr. Jones has had an unusually long and continuous career in
manufacturing in Massachusetts, all of it passed in the most suc-
cessful manufacturing cities of the State. He has seen the shoe
and leather industry pass through many vicissitudes and all
branches of the business expand to great proportions. Massachusetts
holds its own well with other and rival States which are nearer the
sources of material and nearer certain important markets. In spite
of much lamentation over the decay of certain Massachusetts
industries, the great industries of the State do not decline. That
they maintain a healthy growth in these days of intense competition
is due to men like Mr. Jones, to men of integrity, vigor, and alert-
ness who have a profound knowledge of every detail of the calhng
and an unerring business judgment. Massachusetts is fortunate
in the possession of such sterling men as these among her manu-
facturers. This is the personal factor, perhaps the most important
factor in all prosperity, which guarantees the continued growth of
the vital industries of the Commonwealth.
ALBERT P. LANGTRY
ALBERT P. LANGTRY was born July 27, 1860, in Wake-
field, Massachusetts. His father, Joseph Langtry, had
come to Massachusetts from New Brunswick, the family
having earlier come from Ireland. The father conducted a typical
little village harness shop and was a man who was very strongly
attached to his children. His mother, Sarah Jane Lakin, was of
EngUsh descent, a woman of deep religious convictions and of moral
force. During his boyhood, Albert P. Langtry was brought up in
the village, assisting his father in the harness shop. He took a
lively part in the sports of the village, and early showed an interest
in politics. He was fond of reading, but was able to obtain only
a grammar school education. He began work as a boy in an office
in Boston. He was married, August 3, 1886, to Sarah C. Spear,
of West Roxbury, Massachusetts.
His life-work was determined considerably by circumstances,
though his own preferences and the wishes of his parents were a
material factor. Newspaper work became his ambition, and it
was not long before he was a successful reporter on the Brooklyn
Union. From that time on his course was rapid, for he possessed
the three qualities that are rare in a newspaper man, but which are
practically certain to achieve success. He had the newspaper
sense or point of view, he had business capacity, and he had a nat-
ural inchnation towards and understanding of political affairs.
From the Brooklyn Union he went to the Brooklyn Times, as man-
ager of the Long Island edition, and his success in that position
enabled him to take the opportunity to become editor and publisher
of the Springfield Union, nineteen years ago.
As the publisher of the Springfield Union he has made a striking
success. When he became editor and publisher of the paper the
Union was weak financially, and in policy it trailed behind its older
and more firmly established competitor. Editor Langtry at once
made the columns of the Union ring with the sturdy and aggress-
ALBERT P. LANGTRY
ive Republicanism which has characterized it ever since, and which
has made the paper known as about the most definitely Repubhcan
in all New England. Of late years it had been considered better
policy for a newspaper to avoid vigorous partisanship, but Editor
Langtry's success with the Springfield Union has demonstrated
the soundness of his belief that a paper with party convictions has
a mission in these days. His party loyalty, however, has never
led him to the support of candidates who were unworthy. His
business acumen has gone along with his newspaper ability, so that
Editor Langtry's paper is one of the most prosperous in the East.
It has a large circulation and influence, and it has brought the
pubhsher the material rewards that come with success. His busi-
ness sense was well displayed when he aided in founding the Asso-
ciated Press, of which he was the first member east of Pittsburg
and was for many years a director. Eventually the entire news-
paper world followed him into the organization.
Mr. Langtry's Republicanism is of the same kind as his paper's,
and his personal influence in his party councils and in Repubhcan
administrations has grown even more than the influence of his
paper. He is one of the few men in the inner party councils of
Massachusetts, and officially he is secretary of the Repubhcan State
Committee, besides being a member of the Middlesex Club and the
Repubhcan Club of Massachusetts. Through his interest in poU-
tics he has developed into a forceful, effective, and easy pubhc
speaker, who has been heard in almost every part of the Common-
wealth.
Mr. Langtry is affiliated with the Universahst Church, and is a
member of various social clubs in Springfield. His principal recrea-
tion is whist, upon which he is an authority, but he has found time
to take up automobihng and enjoys his car thoroughly.
His word to young men is summed up in " Be enthusiastic," a
motto that well becomes him, because his own success has been
due to the enthusiasm he has displayed in his life-work.
^-^ p^^-iOz^-Y/
CRAWFORD E. LINDSEY
BOTH as a manufacturer and as public-spirited citizen, Hon.
Crawford Easterbrooks Lindsey has made a deep impress on
the hfe of southern Massachusetts. Mr. Lindsey was born
in Fall River, Massachusetts, on August 19, 1838, the son of WilUam
Lindsey and Eliza Ann (French) Lindsey. His father was a manu-
facturer and merchant of sound American stock, his mother descended
from one of the pioneers who settled about 1680 in Raynham, Massa-
chusetts.
Crawford Lindsey as a boy was characterized by an absorbing
thirst for knowledge, and his desire for a thorough education was
heartily encouraged by his parents, who aided him in every possible
way. He was taught in his home with the utmost care those habits
of thrift and industry which should make him an efficient business
man and a useful member of the community.
He was educated in the public schools of Fall River, in a private
school of Providence, and in Pierce Academy, Middleboro, Massa-
chusetts. Having acquired a good, soHd, practical training, he left
school at the age of nineteen and entered the career in which he was
destined to achieve such distinction. First as a clerk and later as
a bookkeeper of the American Print Works, he won attention by
his precision and firm grasp of business affairs. After three years
of service in the office of the American Print Works, Mr. Lindsey
was appointed selling agent for the concern in Boston — the com-
pany having, mainly on Mr. Lindsey's suggestion, changed its
method of selUng goods from the commission to the direct form.
For nineteen years, until 1879, Mr. Lindsey continued to act as
the selling agent for the American Print Works, and during this
time and afterward he engaged largely in other successful manu-
facturing enterprises. He was one of the organizers of the Mer-
chants' Manufacturing Company, and was long one of its directors.
He was a member of the first board of directors of the Fall River
Bleachery, serving until about 1882. He helped to organize the
CRAWFORD EASTERBROOKS LINDSEY
King Philip Mills of Fall River in 1871, and became the first presi-
dent of that corporation, a position which he retained for many years.
In 1880 he and his associate purchased the Mount Hope Mill prop-
erty, in connection with which the Conanicut Mills corporation was
organized, with Mr. Lindsey as agent and treasurer — posts which
he held until his death. The Conanicut Mills grew and prospered
greatly under Mr. Lindsey's management, and achieved remarkable
success in the production of fine cotton goods.
In 1889 Mr. Lindsey was elected agent and treasurer of the Slater
Cotton Company of Pawtucket, Rhode Island, and removed to
Providence. He retained these official connections with the Slater
Cotton Company for thirteen years, and then resigned the posts
and returned to Fall River, devoting his time and energy thereafter
to the Conanicut Mills. As a manufacturer Mr. Lindsey always
manifested careful and progressive ideas, and the work which he
accompUshed is a notable part of the development of the great
textile industries of New England.
Though a very busy man in his own engrossing profession, Mr.
Lindsey gave liberally of his strength and sagacity to the public
affairs of the city of his residence. In 1869 and 1870 he served as a
member of the Common Council of Fall River, in the latter year
being honored with election to the presidency of that body. In
1870, 1871 and 1872 he was a member of the school committee of
Fall River. In 1871 and 1872 he was a member of the Board of
Aldermen. In 1874 Mr. Lindsey again became a member of the
Common Council and again its president. His services to the
municipahty were handsomely recognized in 1878 by election to
the mayoralty of Fall River. After a remarkably successful term he
was reelected in 1879, practically without opposition. These were
dark and trying years for Fall River; because of local defalcations
by which several corporations were ruined, the manufacturing on
which the life of the city hung was embarrassed and in part sus-
pended. Great numbers of operatives were thus thrown upon the
charity of the city for support. Moreover, in the second year of
Mayor Lindsey's administration, there was a disastrous strike of mill
operatives, the most serious that the city had ever seen. These
sinister occurrences threw upon the mayor of Fall River extraor-
dinarily heavy responsibilities, and yet it was acknowledged that
Mr. Lindsey proved fully equal to the emergency. In 1882 he was
CRAWFORD EASTERBROOKS LINDSEY
appointed a trustee of the Fall River Public Library and served eight
years.
Throughout his career Mr. Lindsey was always a Republican
in poUtics. His business abihty was of particularly large use to the
community through his long service as trustee, and for some years,
until 1895, as the president of the Fall River Savings Bank. Mr.
Lindsey was married on May 27, 1863, to Mary E., daughter of
Ohver and Mary E. (Allen) Chace, a member of a family distinguished
in the life of Fall River and its neighborhood. Two children were
born to Mr. and Mrs. Lindsey, WilUam Oliver Lindsey and Charles
Chace Lindsey, both of whom died in infancy.
The fine, crowded, successful career of Mr. Lindsey was closed
by his death on August 15, 1907. He is deeply mourned and has
ever since been keenly missed by his friends and associates in Fall
River.
JOHN WILLIAM LINZEE
MR. LINZEE was born in Boston, Massachusetts, June 23^
1821, and baptized in Trinity Church, by Rev. John
Sylvester John Gardner. He was the son of John Inman
Linzee (March 10, 1781-January 29, 1859). His mother was Ehza-
beth Tilden. The grandfathers were Capt. John Linzee, R. N., and
Capt. Joseph Tilden; the grandmothers were Susannah Inman and
Sarah Parker. The father was in the office of the treasurer of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts. He was a man of integrity, of a
simple, genial life. The grandfather, Capt. John Linzee, who died
at Milton, Massachusetts, October 8, 1798 (born at Portsea, England,
March 28, 1742), was the son of John Linzee and Rose Guisage, and
grandson of John Linzee and Rebecca Goven. Captain Linzee
commanded the British frigate Falcon at the Battle of Bunker Hill.
Another ancestor was Richard Warren of the Mayflower.
John W. Linzee was fond of sports and had a special interest
in sailing. He was educated in the Boston public school and gradu-
ated from the English high school in 1837. He found employment
in the office of Mr. J. J. Dixwell and in 1842 went out as supercargo
of the ship Cato, Capt. Bangs Hallett, in the Calcutta trade. His
natural tastes led him to a commercial life, and one connected with
the sea. He felt the influence of his home, of the men with whom he
was placed in his early and later companionship, of his schools and
his private study. He arranges the influences in this order. He
was in the Calcutta trade from 1842 to 1876, and was the United
States Vice-Consul-General at Calcutta from 1862 to 1871. He
served in the Cavalry Volunteers at Calcutta during the mutiny.
He is a Royal Arch Mason of the Lodge "Industry and Perseverance"
of Calcutta. In politics he is a Ptcpublican, and he is a member of
the Episcopal church. He was fond of the gymnasium in his youth
and later of horseback riding.
He was married July 26, 1856, at Calcutta to Anne Brigette Mahe,
a descendant of Olivier Mahe, lord of Kerguegen and his wife
- ^. ;
JOHN WILLIAM LINZEE
Francoise de Kerbiguer. They have had five children, of whom three
are living: Lewis Linzee, Josephine Warren Linzee, and John W.
Linzee, Jr.
His has been a long life, with much variety, calling for varied
ability and faithful adherence to duty. The record is honorable.
GEORGE E. LITTLEFIELD
GEORGE E. LITTLEFIELD, ''A Great Authority on Books,"
who has for many years had his "den" in a corner of his
bookstore at 67 Cornhill, was born in Boston, August 29,
1844. His father was Jacob Littlefield, born March 23, 1815, died
September 11, 1877. His mother's name before marriage was
Sarah Hill, a descendant of Abraham Hill, of Maiden, Massachu-
setts. His father was a farmer and truckman, noted for his
honesty, intelligence, activity and perseverance. His ancestor,
Edmund Littlefield, came from England in 1637, settled first at
Exeter, New Hampshire, and later moved to Wells, Maine, with
Rev. John Wheelwright. The Littlefield family has an honorable
record in the annals of Maine down to the present time.
From his early childhood Mr. Littlefield has been fond of books.
In his early life no regular tasks which involved manual labor were
required of him, and he had no special difficulties to overcome in
acquiring an education. The special line of reading which helped
him most in fitting for his life-work has been American history,
including both general history and detailed local history. His
education was received from the Boston public schools, including
the primary school, Phillips Grammar School, and the Boston Latin
School. In the latter institution he was prepared for college. He
graduated at Harvard University in the class of 1866. He began
his active life-work in 1866 as a partner in a Boston bookstore.
The choice of his profession was solely from his own preference.
Mr, Littlefield, having made the acquaintance of Charles F.
Sprague, who had learned the business with the late T. O. H. P.
Burnham, the most noted antiquarian bookman of his day, formed
a partnership with him and opened a shop on Brattle Street for the
sale of rare books. After two or three years Mr. Sprague retired,
and in 1870 Mr. Littlefield moved his business to No. 67 Cornhill
where for nearly forty years he has kept an ideal antiquarian
bookstore of the olden time, — such a place as Dickens would
^"■y A/i"^.' <V^^^.
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GEORGE E. LITTLEFIELD
have chosen for one of his stories of Old London. Mr. Littlefield
has the reputation of possessing a rare private Hbrary of Ameri-
cana at his home, but he is very modest in speaking of it himself.
He says: "It does not do for a dealer to be a private collector. He
hates to part with a good thing, yet he ought to sell. My li-
brary is a small yet select one, of very early imprints by American
authors, printed by such printers as Samuel Green, Marmaduke
Johnson, John Foster and Benjamin Harris, and early American
school-books," The firet published book from Mr. Littlefield's pen
was entitled "Early Boston Book-Sellers," which was published in
the year 1900. In 1904 was published "Early New England
Schools and School-Books," and in 1907, "Early Massachusetts
Press." All of these works were published by The Club of Odd
Volumes.
Mr. Littlefield is a member of the Maine Historical Society; the
New Hampshire Historical Society; the New England Historic-
Genealogical Society; the Massachusetts Society of Colonial Wars;
Governor and Company of Massachusetts Bay; Western Reserve His-
torical Association; Club of Odd Volumes; Prince Society; and the
United States Geographical Society. He has been the governor of the
Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England,
and the librarian of the Club of Odd Volumes. He is identified with
the Republican party in politics and affiliated with the Universalist
denomination in religion. He is much interested in the game of
golf.
ALEXANDER McKENZIE
ALEXANDER McKENZIE was bora at New Bedford,
Massachusetts, December 14, 1830. He was the son of
Daniel McKenzie, born 1794, died 1854, and Phebe May-
hew Smith. His father's parents were Martin McKenzie and Hep-
sibah Waterman, the father himself being a sea captain who sailed
out of New Bedford in the days when that city was the most famous
port for whale fisheries in 'the whole world. He was distinguished
among his associates for his intelligence, courage, enterprise, and
goodness.
Dr. McKenzie's mother was a woman of superior intellectual
and spiritual attainments, and by reason of the father's absence most
of the time at sea, the boy was very intimately associated \^^th her.
She thus came to have a particularly strong influence upon the
development of his character and especially on his spiritual Ufe.
Her parents were Benjamin Smith and Grace Sprague. Dr. Mc-
Kenzie is unable to trace his ancestry beyond these grandparents,
but it is certain that they originally came to this country from
Scotland.
As a schoolboy. Dr. McKenzie was fond of reading, especially
along the lines of history, biography, and travels. This is what
would naturally be expected since nearly every kinsman of his was
a sailor. His duties at home involved more responsibility than
those of the ordinary boy, owing to his father's absence, and devel-
oped early the qualities of carefulness and faithfulness.
After completing the studies of the common schools in New
Bedford and of Phillips Academy, 3'oung McKenzie found himself
unable to enter college at once and accepted a position as a clerk
in New Bedford. This he held for a short time and then obtained
a better position with Lawrence, Stone & Co., manufacturers and
commission merchants of Boston, with whom he served for four
years. This seems like lost time and an unfortunate delay to the
average youth, and oftentimes to his parents, but it is really one of
ALEXANDER McKENZIE
the best things that can happen to an earnest and intelhgent student.
Dr. McKenzie expresses the experience of almost every man to whom
this has happened when he says, "My years in business became an
excellent preparation for after life, and made up for the delay in
entering Harvard. I was ordained in 1861, but that was young
enough, and I had a considerable experience behind and with me."
He returned to school in 1853, this time to finish his course at
Andover, from which he entered Harvard College. He graduated
from Harvard in the class of 1859, and from Andover Theological
Seminary in 1861. He received from Amherst College the degree
of D.D. in 1879, and the same degree from Harvard in 1901.
His personal con\'ictions had early determined his choice of the
ministry for his life work, and he was ordained pastor of the South
Church in Augusta, Maine, in 1861. He m.inistered to this church
for five years, and then accepted a call, in 1867, to the First Church,
Congregational, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where he has just
completed forty-three years of continuous service and been made
pastur emeritus.
During this time he has been the recipient of many honors, has
held many positions of trust and responsibility, and has rendered
public services whose value it vvould be difficult to overestimate.
These include the position of overseer and secretary of the over-
seers of Harvard College; preacher to the University; president of
the trustees of "Wellesley College; trustee of Phillips Academy at
Andover and of Hampton Institute, Virginia; president of the
Boston Seaman's Friend Society; and president of the Boston Port
Society. He has also served on the school committee of Cambridge,
and as a trustee of the Cambridge Hospital. His is one of those
rare minds that can take up social and ethical questions and deal
with them in a candid, rational, and unbiased manner. His writings
and utterances upon temperance have commanded special attention.
Dr. INIcKenzie has published the following books, beside many
pamphlets and addresses: "Two Boys," 1871; ''First Church in
Cambridge," 1876; "Cambridge Sermons," 1884; "Some Things
Abroad," 1887; "Christ Himself," 1891; "The Divine Force in the
Life of the World," Lowell Institute Lectures, 1898; "Getting One's
Bearings," 1903; and "A Door Opened," 1897. He is a member of
the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Harvard, and of the Massachusetts
Historical Society, serving on the Publishing Committee. He is
ALEXANDER McKENZIE
identified with the RepubHcan party in pohtics, but candidly de-
clares himself a "Mugwump," which in his case means that he is
not ashamed to vote for the best man. He finds his recreation in
reading and travel, the latter especially by sea.
Dr. McKenzie was married January 25, 1865, to Ellen Holman,
daughter of John H. and Martha (Holman) Eveleth, granddaughter
of John and Sarah (Hale) Eveleth, and of Silas and Elizabeth (Ather-
ton) Holman, and a descendant from William Holman, who came
from Northampton, England, to Cambridge, Massachusetts, early in
the seventeenth century.
They have had two children: Kenneth, who is now assistant
professor of romance languages at Yale, and Margaret, who is at
home.
The suggestions which Dr. McKenzie offers to young Americans
are really a summing up of his own life. He would bid them "be
brave and independent, honest and generous; be religious; have a
part in church life and work ; associate with men for work, especially
men older and wiser than yourself; belong to something, some insti-
tution, and live with it, and prolong your life."
iJlA/lt^
WILLARD FRANCIS MALLALIEU
WILLARD FRANCIS MALLALIEU was born in Sutton,
Worcester County, Massachusetts, December 11, 1828.
In the spring of 1830 the family became permanent resi-
dents of the adjoining to\^^l of Millbury,
The father was John Mallaheu (born September 28, 1784; died
June 23, 1871). The mother was Lydia Emerson, born October 7,
1792. The grandparents were Jonathan Mallaheu, Mallie Hocart;
Willard Emerson and Rosina Marsh.
The father was a manufacturer, one of the first to undertake the
manufacture of woolen goods in the United States. He was true
in all things, patriotic, philanthropic, and Christian. His earhest
American ancestors came from England: Richard Davenport, 1628;
Rev. John Marsh, 1635; Thomas Emerson, 1638; all settled in
Essex County, Massachusetts. The name Mallalieu is of Hugue-
not origin.
The boy Willard was fond of out-of-door hfe and also of books.
From eleven to eighteen years of age he worked in the woolen mill
and learned the business. He thus acquired habits of diligence,
thrift and enterprise.
The influence of his mother, both intellectually and spiritually,
was unusually strong and persistent. He worked his own way
largely through preparatory schools and college. He was fond
of history, biography and natural science, travels, explorations
and Enghsh classics, and above all the Bible. He prepared for col-
lege at East Greenwich Academy, Rhode Island, and Wesleyan
Academy, Wilbraham, Massachusetts.
He graduated from Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecti-
cut, in the full classical course, taking the degrees of A.B. and A.M.
He has received the degree of D.D. from Grant University and that
of LL.D. from New Orleans University.
He commenced his life-work as a minister of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church at Grafton, Massachusetts, in 1858, as a member on
WILLARD FRANCIS MALLALIEU
trial in the New England Conference of the Methodist Episcopal
Church. Home influence, contact with men, the impressions of
school life, and of companions, concurred in this choice. He held
numerous pastorates in and around Boston, was presiding elder of
the Boston District in 1882 and became Bishop of the Methodist
Episcopal Church in 1884. He was a member of the General Con-
ference of his Church in 1872, 1880 and 1884.
He has pubUshed "Why, When and How of Revivals," "Words
of Cheer and Comfort" and "Fullness of the Blessing of the Gos-
pel of Christ," now in the twelfth thousand. He has in a forward
state of preparation for the press three books with the following
titles: "The Holy Ghost the Comforter," "The Divinest Imma-
nence" and "Moses, the Servant of God and the Mightiest of Men."
For years he has been and still is a voluminous contributor to the
religious and secular papers and magazines. He is an Independent
Republican Prohibitionist.
His favorite recreation has always been pedestrianism. He is
confident that walking in the open air, especially in the country, is
the cheapest, healthiest, most invigorating and most conducive to
longevity of any form of physical exercise.
He was married, October 13, 1858, to EHza Francis, daughter
of George and Pauline (Freeman) Atkins and granddaughter of
William and Tryphosa (Goodspeed) Atkins and of Thomas and
Betsey (Fish) Freeman. She is a descendant of Edmund Freeman,
who came from England to Massachusetts in 1630. There have
been two children: Willard Emerson, still living, and Ellen Brom-
field, deceased INIarch 17, 1874,
Bishop Mallalieu has presided at nearly two hundred annual
Conferences, without missing a single one to which he was assigned,
and was never late but once, which was occasioned by a railroad
accident.
He has presided over Conferences in every State in the Union;
in 1888 over Conferences in Euroi3e; in 1892 in Mexico; in 1892 and
1893 in Japan, Korea, China and India. In 1892 he ordained in
Honolulu the first Methodist preacher ever ordained in the Hawaiian
Islands. During the twenty years of his presidency of Conferences,
he appointed more than twenty thousand preachers, not one of
whom ever refused to accept the work assigned him.
He is a member of the Psi Upsilon and Phi Beta Kappa fraternities.
WILLARD FRANCIS MALLALIEU
He is trustee of Boston University; of New Orleans University;
American University; East Greenwich Academy; Wesleyan Acad-
emy; and Massachusetts Bible Society. He is president of the trus-
tees of East Greenwich Academy; ex-president of the Boston Bible
League; member and vice-president of New England Methodist
Historical Society; member and ex-president of the Massachusetts
Anti-saloon League; chairman of Board of Directors of the Massa-
chusetts Total Abstinence Society; ex-president and chairman of
executive committee of General Conference Commission on Aggres-
sive Evangelism; vice-president of Society for the Prevention of
Cruelty- to Animals; Hfe member of the New England Historic-
Genealogical Society; member of the Boston Evangelical Alliance
and of its Board of Directors; of the Twentieth Century Pledge
Signing Crusade, and one of its directors; of the New England
Sabbath Protection League; of Massachusetts Civic Alliance; of
American Peace Society; and of American Health League, etc.
In 1875 he made a six months tour of Europe, visiting most of
its principal cities, to study their ecclesiastical, pohtical and social
conditions. In 1888, while in Europe, he visited Finland, inspect-
ing the infant mission of his Church in that country; thence he pro-
ceeded to St. Petersburg, with a view of establishing a mission in
the capital of the Russian empire.
He had been interested in the educational work of his Church in
the South, and during twenty years prior to 1904 he raised for
Southern schools on the average more than one thousand dollars per
month. The prosperity of the New Orleans University is largely due
to his efforts. The John D. Flint Medical School, the Sarah Good-
ridge Nurse Training School and Hospital, all connected with the
New Orleans University, owe their existence to his untiring labors.
For the past five years he has been especially active in behalf of
the fourteen secondary schools of the Church east of the Allegheny
Mountains, and of all the schools of his Church in the South; in
mission work among non-English speaking immigrants; in the
temperance reform, total abstinence and anti-saloon agitation;
the establishment of civic righteousness; the defense of Methodist
doctrines; polity and experience; and the advocacy of Arbitration
of all national disagreements.
At present he is constantly occupied in evangelical, patriotic,
philanthropic and reform work. From 1904 to 1908 he wrote, or
WILLARD FRANCIS MALLALIEU
dictated, nearly sixteen thousand letters; wrote for publications
about two hundred articles; has preached and lectured many times
at camp meetings and in churches in more than a dozen States of
the Union east of the Mississippi. He has frequently preached in
Baptist, Congregational and Presbyterian pulpits, and lectured
on various platforms. Many thousands of his books have found a
ready sale. He is still in vigorous health, a genuine optimist, a loyal
American, a devoted Methodist, a leader constantly active in relig-
ious, patriotic and philanthropic work.
His counsel to young men is, " First of all, keep the Ten Command-
ments. Fear God, and do right at all times. Be a steadfast follower
and disciple of the Lord Jesus Christ. Then make the most of time
and opportunity, and be persistent in efforts to attain the best by all
legitimate and laudable means.
The Bishop is a man greatly revered and beloved by many
friends.
His intellect is of a high order, clearly grasping the salient points
of truth, and giving them their wisest application. As an admin-
istrator he has won enviable distinction and has ofttimes advanced
most important interests in a masterly way. Providence has opened
for him a wide door, and his sagacity, faith and courage have enabled
him to richly improve his opportunities to bless mankind.
HORACE AUGUSTUS MOSES
HORACE AUGUSTUS MOSES is a descendant of John Moses,
who came from England in 1632 and landed at Portsmouth,
where he settled, engaging in the business of ship-building.
Horace was born in Ticonderoga, New York, on April 21, 1862.
His father, Henry Harvey Moses, by vocation a farmer, was born
October 9, 1832, and is still living. His mother was Emily J. Rising.
His paternal grandparents were Augustus and Calista (Jarvey)
Moses. The grandfather died in the year of Horace's birth.
Being a son of a farmer, Horace had the excellent training which
life on a farm usually affords. He had to do whatever work falls
within the capability of a boy. Besides attending to tasks which
made up the round of daily duties, he illustrated and developed that
spirit of enterprise which has been so important an element in his
career as a business man: he made money by picking up nuts, by
raising poultry and by keeping bees, thus turning many an honest
penny.
The influence of his mother on his intellectual and moral develop-
ment was strong; to it more than to any other single cause he owes
his lifelong interest in religion and the moral life. His opportunities
for systematic study under competent teachers were very limited.
His father being unable to send him to any other than the common
school, Horace borrowed money and entered the Troy Conference
Academy at Poultney, Vermont, where at the end of two years he
graduated from the Commercial Department.
At the age of twenty-two young Moses engaged as shipping clerk
for the Agawam Paper Company at IMittineague, Massachusetts,
following his own tastes in the choice of this vocation. His success
in business has been pronounced. This is evidenced especially by
the following important positions which he holds: he is president
and treasurer of the Mittineague Paper Company and also of the
Woronoco Paper Company, and he is a director of the B. D.
Rising Paper Company of Housatonic, Massachusetts, a company
HORACE AUGUSTUS MOSES
which he helped to organize, and of the Chicopee National bank of
Springfield, Massachusetts.
Mr. Moses' interest and influence in educational and religious
enterprises are shown by the fact that he is a director of the Spring-
field Young Men's Christian Association and a trustee of Boston
University, the Troy Conference Academy, the Robert Hungerford
Industrial School in Eatonsville, Florida, and of five churches. His
practical benovelence is signahzed by the gift of the Moses Hospital
to his native town, Ticonderoga, New York. He is an active and
efficient member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
The influences, next to that of his mother, which have been
strongest in shaping his character are those of the school, of
early companionships, and of association with men in the various
engagements of business, philanthropy and religion. In politics he is
a Republican. He is a member of the Nayasset Club of Springfield,
Massachusetts, and of the Arkwright Club of New York City.
While not a devotee of any particular form of sport, he has found
moderate enjoyment in fishing, but of late he has engaged in
farming as his chief diversion, thus getting back again to nature.
On the 7th day of October, 1894, he was married to Miss Alice
Elliott, daughter of William and NelUe ElUott, and has one child,
Madeline.
Mr. Moses' advice to young people is a transcript of his experi-
ence: "Early acquire the habit of thrift and learn the value of
money. Give liberally to worthy objects. Carry on your business
with close attention to detail. What is worth doing at all is worth
doing well. Don't fear to tackle a thing because it is hard; any one
can do easy things." This advice he has exemplified in his own
career. He is now a valuable and esteemed citizen of Springfield,
in the prime of life and with a public spirit which promises much
for the city.
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS MOWRY
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS MOWRY is a native of the town of
Uxbridge, Massachusetts, where he was born on the thir-
teenth day of August, 1829. He is the son of Jonathan
Mowry and his wife, Hannah (Brayton) Mowry. His father was
born in Uxbridge, February 2, 1801 and died November 21, 1832.
His mother was born in Somerset, Massachusetts, August 27, 1800,
and died March 21, 1872. Mr. Mowry's grandfathers were Gideon
Mowry of Uxbridge, born July 7, 1778, died February 4, 1866 and
Preserved Brayton, of Rehoboth, Massachusetts. His father's
mother was Ruth Wlieeler, and his mother's mother was Hannah
Slade. His father was a farmer and slioemaker whose character-
istics were industry, honesty and practical piety.
Concerning Mr. Mowry's ancestors in America, it may be said that
Roger Mowry came to this country from England early in 1631. He
lived first in Plymouth, then in Salem, and about the year 1650 he
migrated to Providence, Rhode Island, where he died in 1666. Roger
Mowry's wife was Mary Johnson, daughter of John Johnson, of Rox-
bury. He was a member of the church of Salem, a prominent citizen
there, and subsequently one of the leading men of Providence.
His son, Nathaniel, was a prominent citizen and a large landowner in
what afterwards became the town of Smithfield, Rhode Island. He
had a son. Captain Joseph Mowry, who was the father of Captain
Daniel. Captain Daniel had three noted sons. Colonel Elisha, promi-
nent in the Revolution; Judge Daniel who was a member of the Con-
tinental Congress in 1781-82, and for forty years one of the most
prominent citizens of Rhode Island; and the third son. Lawyer
Joseph, a counselor at the Rhode Island Bar, a man of imusual
ability, who died in 1764 at the age of forty-one j^ears. Among
Joseph's sons born in Smithfield, Rhode Island, was Richard ]\Iowry,
preacher, who removed to Uxbridge in or before the year 1778. He
was a farmer, a carpenter, a cider-press builder, a carriage maker.
He wrote wills and deeds, and in many cases prescribed for the sick
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS MOWRY
in the neighborhood. He was a regular preacher in the Society of
Friends and ministered in the old brick meeting-house in Uxbridge
for fifty-six years, from 1778-1834. He died January 23, 1835, aged
nearly eighty-six years. His son Gideon, mentioned above, was
Mr. Mowry's grandfather. He was a man of large ability, a farmer,
tanner and currier, and shoemaker. He held many offices and died
in the year 1866, aged eighty-seven and a half years.
Mr. Mowry was brought up on a farm, — the best way in the
world. He early learned industry and the practice of economy.
His mother was a strong woman, who, after the death of his father,
lived a widow forty years, and whose influence upon her only son was
strong both on his intellectual and moral life. Mr. Mowry was
thrown upon his own resources at the early age of thirteen years.
For the next five years he earned his living by hard labor and averaged
four months' schooling each year. At the age of eighteen he began
teaching school, and subsequently he was fitted for college at Phillips
Academy, Andover, where he graduated with the class of 1854. In
that year he entered Brown University, where he remained two years,
when he was obliged to leave study on account of ill health. During
all these years he had earned his way, but was obliged to borrow
some money. This with interest was entirely paid within six years
after leaving college. The books which at an early age he found
helpful were the Bible, ''Life of Franklin," "Life of John Quincy
Adams," "Paradise Lost," and " Uncle Tom's Cabin."
In 1866 Mr. Mowry received from Brown University the honor-
ary degree of Master of Arts; in 1882, from Bates College, Maine,
the degree of Doctor of Philosophy; and in 1906, from Whitman
College, Washington, the degree of Doctor of Laws. He taught
district schools in Rhode Island and Massachusetts from 1847 to
1852. He was principal of the English High School, Providence,
from 1859 to 1864. He was founder of the English and Classical
School, Providence, and senior principal from 1864 to 1884. He
was managing editor of the Journal of Education, Boston, 1884-86;
of Education (magazine) 1886-91. In the dark days of September,
1862, he enlisted as a private in the Eleventh Rhode Island Volun-
teere. He was commissioned captain and commanded his com-
pany in the Virginia campaign till mustered out by the expiration
of the term of service, July, 1863. He was commissioned lieutenant-
colonel in the Rhode Island Militia, 1863.
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS MOWRY
He has written and published the following works: "The De-
scendants of Nathaniel Mowry," 1878; "Richard Mowry, His Ances-
tors and His Descendants/' 1878; "Studies in Civil Government,"
1890; "Talks With My Boys," 1892; "A History of the United
States," 1896; "The Uxbridge Academy, a Brief History," 1897;
"First Steps in the History of our Country," 1898; "American In-
ventions and Inventors," 1900; "Marcus Whitman and Early
Oregon," 1901; "The Territorial Growth of the United States,"
1902; "American Heroes," 1903; "American Pioneers," 1905;
"Essentials of United States History," 1906; a thorough revision of
"First Steps in the History of Our Country," 1907; (and he has now
in press "Recollections of a New England Educator"); also many
pamphlets and addresses.
Dr. Mowry was president of the Martha's Vineyard Summer In-
stitute from 1887 to 1905. He has lectured in twenty-six States,
the District of Columbia and the Province of Quebec, mostly
before teachers' institutes, delivering about eighteen hundred lec-
tures and addressing fully eighty thousand persons, mostly teachers.
Dr. Mowry is a member of the Alphi Delta Phi Fraternity; the
Phi Beta Kappa Fraternity; the Grand Army of the Republic; the
Massachusetts Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal
Legion; the executive committee of the American Peace Society;
the board of directors of the Indian Industries League; for twelve
years a member of the Lake Mohonk Conference for International
Arbitration; member of the Rhode Island Institute of Instruction;
the Massachusetts Teachers' Association; the Massachusetts School
Masters' Club; the Barnard Club; the American Institute of Instruc-
tion; the National Educational Association; was a charter member
and for two years president of the Providence Congregational Club;
a member and sometime vice-president of the Boston Congrega-
tional Club; a member of various historical societies, including the
American Historical Association of which he was a charter member;
and the New England Historic-Genealogical Society. He has been
president of the Rhode Island Institute of Instruction; the Ameri-
can Institute of Instruction; the department of Higher Education
in the National Educational Association, and other organizations.
From its inception he has been allied with the Republican party in
politics, and for more than sixty years has been a member of the
Congregational Church.
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS MOWRY
He was married April 29, 1858, to Caroline Eliza, daughter of
Ezekiel and Eliza (Daniels) Aldrich, a descendant from George
Aldrich of Mendon, one of the early immigrants who came to Boston
from England. They have had three children: Walter Herbert, now
with the W. B. Clarke Company, booksellers, Boston; Arthur May
Mowry, teacher and author, who died in 1900; and Ruth Mowry
Brown, author, wife of Edward W. Brown, Hyde Park, Massachu-
setts.
Dr. Mowry would suggest to the young people of to-day, as a con-
tribution to the strengthening of sound ideals in our American Hfe
and to help attain true success in life, the following five points: "In-
dustry; integrity; energy; a strong ambition to do one's best; and
a strictly religious life."
'^^^n.^^.ntsc^C
WILLIAM EDWARDS MURDOCK
No book exists of more practical utility than the "Directory."
It was certainly a bright man who first had the happy
thought of making an alphabetical list of all the inhabi-
tants of a city, giving their names, residences, and places of busi-
ness; also classifying them in groups according to their official
stations or business occupations; and putting all this diversified
information into book form for ready reference. Only very able
men can carry out such a comprehensive plan so as to make the
directory sufficiently accurate to be serviceable. Among the most
successful and best known of these benefactors of the general pub-
lic a foremost place may be assigned to Mr. William Edwards Mur-
dock, president of the Sampson and Murdock Company, of Boston.
A visitor to the office of this company is astonished at the number
of different directories issued by it for cities and towns in America;
and also at the similar works collected from all over the civilized
world. Such a visitor, by permission of the clerks in charge, could
readily ascertain the names and places of residence and business
occupations of all persons bearing his own name throughout the
entire United States, and also in the largest cities of Europe.
William Edwards IMurdock was born at Candia, New Hamp-
shire, September 15, 1844. His father was the Rev. William Mur-
dock, who was settled there in 1841, and dismissed in 1853, after a
most useful and successful ministry of twelve years in that town.
The early settlers of Candia were of Puritan stock and regarded
the institutions of religion as essential to the welfare of the com-
munity. In the list of godly ministers who successively occupied
the pulpit were some who were widely known for their gifts and
zeal. The records show that during a single week, under Mr. Mur-
dock's pastorate, sixty-five members of his Sabbath school, all under
twenty years of age, were received into full communion in the Church.
He was a graduate of Amherst College and Andover Theological
Seminary; was born July 3, 1813, and died November 13, 1879.
WILLIAM EDWARDS MURDOCK
His father, Artemas Murdock, born September 6, 1776, died June
21, 1855, was descended from Jackson Murdock, who emigrated
from Scotland to Roxbury about 1660. The maiden name of Rev.
WilHam Murdock's wife was Mary Jemima Read, daughter of
Thomas and Lucinda (Wheeler) Read. She died when the subject
of this sketch was but four years old, thus depriving him of a mother's
care and maternal influence during his later boyhood and youth. This
loss was partly made up by his father's singular unselfishness and
devotion. The lad loved his home, and took delight in reading and
study, being especially attracted by religious works, volumes of
history, travels, biography, and philosophy, as well as by the study
of foreign languages, in several of which he became proficient. His
career was not particularly influenced by manual labor, although
he did some work on his micle's farm, which helped to develop physi-
cal vigor. His studies were pursued in the public schools, the Howe
School at Billerica, Massachusetts, and the Lancaster Institute.
At the age of sixteen, by his personal preference, and with his father's
consent, William began the active work of his life, as a printer's
apprentice, at Worcester, Massachusetts.
When the call came to arms, young Murdock responded by
enlisting as a private soldier in the 25th Regiment of Massachu-
setts Volunteer Infantry. His previous experience gave him success
as government printer for nearly a year, at New Bern, North Caro-
lina. His army life covered three years and eleven months, from
1861 to 1865, during which time he was in eleven battles, serving
in the Burnside expedition and in the 18th and 23d Army Corps,
At the close of the Civil War Mr. Murdock resumed his calling
as a compositor at Providence, Rhode Island, and soon after was a
proof-reader at Boston, Massachusetts. In 1866 he became a clerk
in the Directory office of Sampson, Davenport & Company; in 1874
was made a manager of the same; and in 1876 a partner. In 1893
the firm became the Sampson and Murdock Company, of which
Mr. Murdock has been and still is the president. He is also the
treasurer of the Drew-Allis Company, of Worcester.
Although laying no claim to literary reputation, yet he has laid
the entire public under obligation by his share in compiling numer-
ous directories, gazetteers and registers, whose merits and utility
can hardly be too highly praised. He has had the honor of being
the president of the Association of American Directory Publishers;
WILLIAM EDWARDS MURDOCK
president of the Roanoke Association; director of the Boston Young
Men's Christian Association; president of the Globe Chess Club,
and Master of Joseph Webb Lodge, A. F. & A. M. Mr. Murdock is
a prominent Knight Templar, a member of the Boston Chamber
of Commerce; Boston Typothetse; North American Civic League;
Franklin Typographical Society; Grand Anny of the Republic;
25th Regimental Association; Boston Art Club; Young Men's
Christian Association; Congregational Club, and other societies.
Politically he is a Republican, though reserving his right to support
the best men nominated for office. He belongs to the Old South
Congregational Church of Boston. Amid the extremely active and
busy life thus indicated, Mr. Murdock has found time, or taken it,
for chess-playing, motoring, and for travel in this and foreign coun-
tries. Without undue commendation it may be said that his well-
rounded and useful career has been worthy of his New England
ancestry. As a Christian, a patriot, a business man, and in every-
day life, he has been animated by high and worthy motives, meeting
loyally and faithfully the varied and often extraordinary demands
made upon him by social and commercial life, by the community,
the church, and the world at large.
On the 29th of November, 1877, Mr. Murdock married, at Somer-
ville, Massachusetts, Hattie E., daughter of Rev. Ichabod and
Sarah (Gill) Marcy, who was the granddaughter of Thomas and
Anna (Henry) Marcy, and of Elijah and Rebekah (Hawes) Gill,
and a descendant from John Marcy, who came from England to
Roxbury, Massachusetts, in 1685. Their only child died in infancy.
MOSES GREELEY PARKER
MOSES GREELEY PARKER, M.D., of Lowell, was born
in Dracut, Massachusetts, October 12, 1842, being the son
of Theodore and Hannah (Greeley) Parker. From both
paternal and maternal lines he received the good old New England
blood, being descended from Deacon Thomas Parker of Reading,
who came to this country in 1635, and from Andrew Greeley, who
settled in Salisbury before 1640. Notable Americans have sprung
from both of these, Theodore Parker, the great preacher and reformer,
and Horace Greeley, the famous editor, being two examples.
After attending the district schools of his native town for a time,
young Parker entered the Howe School at Billerica in the fall of
1857, where he remained one year. Of a mathematical turn of mind,
he had already given proof of his later inventive ability by con-
structing a key to Greenleaf 's and Day's Algebras while yet attending
the district school, and upon entering Phillips Academy at Andover,
in 1858, he was, in consequence, excused from further study of this
subject. While at Andover he decided to become a physician.
His father, who was a prosperous farmer and mechanic, did not at
first favor his entering this profession, but, through the influence of
his mother and sister, consent was finally obtained and, leaving the
academy, Parker began the study which led to his chosen pro-
fession, at the same time teaching school in Hudson and Pelham,
New Hampshire. His medical education was continued at the
Long Island College Hospital and at the Harvard Medical School,
where he was graduated in March, 1864.
Dr. Parker's grandfather served in the Continental Army while
his great-grandfather was one of the Minute Men who responded
to the alarm at Lexington on the 19th of April, 1775, and it was not
surprising that he felt called upon to offer his services to his country,
then engaged in a great Civil War, and so, in one week from the
time of his graduation, we find him commissioned as assistant
surgeon and assigned to the 57th Massachusetts Infantry. He
was not, however, destined to serve with this regiment as General
■~Ci,-^Vrt£_
^^^^^z/^^Siu/^
MOSES GREELEY PARKER
Benjamin F. Butler at once requested that he be transferred to
the 2d United States Colored Cavalry, then at Fortress Monroe.
With this regiment he served at Suffolk, Williamsburg, Drury's
Bluff, Point of Rocks, and the siege of Petersburg, where he was
in the trenches at the explosion of the mine, July 30, 1864.
On the 9th of August he was detached from his regiment and
assigned to the 18th Army Corps Base Hospital, where he had
charge of the First Division, receiving the wounded from Peters-
burg, Deep Bottom, Cold Harbor, Dutch Gap, and nine hun-
dred and fifty of the wounded at the taking of Fort Harrison.
Later in the season he built the Point of Rocks Hospital, winter
quarters, with four thousand beds. Shortly before the fall of
Richmond, Dr. Parker, as officer of the day, had the honor of
receiving President Lincoln and General Grant and staff, and he
also met the former at the home of Jefferson Davis just after
the fall of the Confederate capital. During the latter period of
his service he served as council of administration over the effects
of twenty-one hundred soldiers who had died in the hospital.
Having been honorably discharged he journeyed from Washing-
ton to his home in Massachusetts on his favorite horse which
had served him so well through his campaigns. The enthusiasm
aroused by the sight of a Union officer can hardly be understood
by the present generation. Everywhere the people of Pennsyl-
vania and New York greeted him with the questions, "Is the war
really over?" "Has peace really come?" and with exclamations
of "God bless you."
Arriving in Lowell the young physician at once settled down
to the active work of his profession, and by close application to
duty and with his native ability soon rose to the front ranks of the
medical fraternity of the city. He had already, before entering
the army, served as physician at the Tewksbury State Almshouse,
and in 1867 he became assistant at St. John's Hospital, three years
later being elected a member of the Medical Staff. The same year
he was the first to apply electricity to fibroid tumors and carbuncles
with beneficial results.
Desiring further to perfect himself in his profession, the doctor
spent the years 1873 and 1874 studying in London, Paris, Florence,
Rome, and Vienna. Returning to Lowell, his interest in the welfare
of the poorer classes was shown by his opening, in the following
MOSES GREELEY PARKER
year, of a free dispensary under the auspices of the Ministry-at-
Large, at a time when his services were in constant demand and
when any time given to a work of this nature meant pecuniary loss.
In 1876 he invented a Thermo-Cautery, and the same year we
find him president of the Lowell Medical Journal Society and a
member of the International Congress of Ophthalmology at New
York. He is a member of the American Medical Association,
and in 1878 patented an improvement in the process of pro-
ducing and maintaining a high degree of heat by hydrocarbon,
and in the following year he received a diploma from the Massa-
chusetts Charitable Mechanics' Association for an Incandescent
Cautery.
Dr. Parker has been interested in photography from the days
of wet plates to the present time, and was the first to photograph
tubercular bacillus from Dr. E. W. Cushing's microscopical speci-
mens, making lantern slides, which were shown by the latter before
the Worcester and Hartford Medical Societies, in 1886 and 1887,
and in the former year was the first to show, by photography,
the rotary motion in the fire of lightning. In 1887 he was a
member of the 9th International Medical Congress, and in 1898
and 1899 served as president of the Middlesex North District
Medical Society.
In 1878 Prof. Alexander Graham Bell first exhibited his great
invention, the telephone, in Lowell, and one of the most inter-
ested in the audience was Dr. Parker, who quickly appreciated
its great value and, upon the organization of the Lowell Dis-
trict Telephone Exchange, in 1879, became financially inter-
ested. He had already built a private line from his house to his
ofiice, and believed that the day was not far distant when the tele-
phone would be of commercial value. Such was his interest and
faith that the next year found him a director in several licensed
companies, which with his assistance were, in 1883, combined in
the great organization of to-day, the New England Telephone and
Telegraph Company. From that time to the present he has served
as a director and member of the executive committee, and much
of the actual management of this great corporation, with a capital
of $36,000,000 and three hundred and seventy-five thousand sub-
scribers, has fallen to him. For several years he personally exam-
ined all patents of telephone apparatus submitted to the company,
and is to-day often called upon to decide delicate questions requir-
MOSES GREELEY PARKER
ing both tact and expert knowledge. Dr. Parker was one of the
first to foresee the necessity of the telephone directory in alpha-
betical form and the calling by number rather than by name.
With all his duties, both professional and in connection with
the Telephone Company, Dr. Parker has found time to lend his aid
in various measures for the upbuilding of his home city. He has
been president of the Ayer Home for Children for several years, a
trustee of the Lowell General Hospital, and was, in 1909, elected
president of the Lowell Day Nursery Association. Taking the
Ayer Home when it contained but twelve children, the number
was quickly increased to one hundred when the promised endowment
of $100,000, given by Frederick Fanning Ayer of New York, became
available, thus making it possible to extend the work of caring for
children of the city whose parents are unable to furnish them with
the necessities of life.
Dr. Parker early realized the value of the work to be done by
the patriotic societies which have come into existence in the past
two decades. He became a member of the Sons of the American
Revolution in 1892, and, after serving as president of Old Mid-
dlesex Chapter of Lowell, was elected president of the State
Society in 1905 and 1906. During his two terms he visited
every chapter in the State, meeting the members and arousing
interest in local historical work. In 1906 Dr. Parker was elected
Vice-President General and has been a member of the Executive
Committee of the National Society since that year. While he has
devoted a large part of his time to the Sons of the American Revo-
lution, he has found time to assist in other patriotic work, having
served as a member of the Council of the Massachusetts Society of
Colonial Wars since 1902, and as member of the executive commit-
tee of the Lowell Historical Society in 1910. The Parker Historical
and Genealogical Association was organized in Boston December
21, 1909, and Dr. Parker was unanimously elected president.
He is also a member of the Massachusetts Commandery, Mili-
tary Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States; Sons of the
Revolution; Bunker Hill Monument Association; Order of Descend-
ants of Colonial Governors; the Haverhill Whittier Club; the Bos-
tonian Society; the Lincoln Farm Association; the New England
Historic-Genealogical Society; the National Geographic Society;
Ancient York Lodge A. F. and A. M. and of the Boston Chamber
of Commerce.
MOSES GREELEY PARKER
In 1904 he was appointed by Governor Douglas on the commis-
sion to consider and report at the next session of the Massachusetts
General Court relative to a movement in honor of Chevalier de
St. Sauveur. In 1907 he was a delegate to the National Arbitration
and Peace Congress at New York; and in 1908 he was a member of
the International Congress on Tuberculosis at Washington, D. C.
Dr. Parker is unmarried and lives in a quiet manner in the same
house in Lowell which has been his home for forty years, surrounded
by books and collections rarely equalled in interest and value.
At the 22d Annual Congress held at Louisville, Kentucky, in
May, 1911, Dr. Parker was unanimously elected President General of
the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution.
LEWIS PARKHURST
WIDELY known as a business man, and in earlier life as
an educator of youth, is Lewis Parkhurst, a native of
Dunstable, Massachusetts, where he was born July 26,
1856, being the son of the late Thomas H. and Sarah Newton (Wright)
Parkhurst. His father was a farmer and lumberman, noted for
honesty, good judgment, and a happy disposition. Joel Park-
hurst, an ancestor, was a Lieutenant in the War of the Revolution.
His immigrant ancestor, George Parkhurst, was born in Guilford,
England, and settled in Watertown, Massachusetts, where he died
in 1648.
The subject of this sketch was obliged to begin a life of hard
work when eleven years of age by laboring on a farm at eight dollars
a month and his board, and although his parents did what they
could to help him get an education, he had mainly to work his way
through the academy and college, aided by a friendly loan of five
hundred dollars, which he repaid during his first year after gradua-
tion. His preparatory study was at the Green Mountain Academy
in South Woodstock, Vermont, and he was graduated from Dart-
mouth College in 1878, with the degree of A.B., and received the
honorary degree of A.M. from the same institution in 1908. His
eminent success in life was largely aided by the influences and asso-
ciations of his years in school and college, and continued contact
with the men with whom he formed friendships in those days. He
served successfully as principal of the grammar school in Fitchburg,
and of the high schools in Athol and Winchester. In 1886 he entered
into the employment of Ginn and Company, publishers of school
and college text-books, and became a member of the same firm in
1889, and its business manager. In 1897 Mr. Parkhurst built and
has since managed the Athenaeum Press, of Cambridge. He organ-
ized and was first president of the Middlesex County National
Bank, in Winchester, Massachusetts, and for many years was a
trustee of the Winchester Savings Bank. In the same locality he
LEWIS PARKHURST
served for seven years on the water board, was a member of the
school committee, and a trustee of the Public Library. He was
chairman of the committee that built the Winchester High School
building, and held the same position on the building committee
of the Winchester Unitarian Church, with which he is affiliated.
In 1908 Mr. Parkhurst was elected as a member of the Massachusetts
House of Representatives; and served as a member of the Rail-
road committee ; and in that same year was made a trustee of Dart-
mouth College, and president of the Dartmouth Alumni Association
in Boston.
While in college Mr. Parkhurst was a member of the Greek fra-
ternity known as "Delta Kappa Epsilon," and now belongs to the
University Club of Boston. He is a member of the Chamber of
Commerce, where he is chairman of its Library committee. A
loyal Republican, Mr. Parkhurst has seen no reason for changing
his party allegiance. At intervals in his remarkably busy life he
has found recreation in fishing, hunting, golf, and traveling. He
married, in Weston, Vermont, November 18, 1880, Emma, daughter
of John and Sarah (Cragin) Wilder, whose ancestors lived at Hing-
ham, Massachusetts. Two children were born of this marriage, one
of whom now living is Richard Parkhurst, born in 1894.
No one can fail to perceive, from even a brief sketch of such a
career as that led by Mr. Parkhurst, that his main aim all along has
been to "do the duty next to him," whether as a boy on the farm,
a lad at school, a student in college, a teacher, a trustee, a banker,
a publisher, or a member of the legislature of his native state. He
served with remarkable public spirit the town where his home is
made, and rejoiced to make its buildings more commodious and
its streets more attractive. People have trusted him with weighty
responsibilities, and he has borne the burden faithfully, evidently
seeking as his best reward the satisfaction of knowing that by his
diligence and intelligence others have been made happier, wiser,
and better.
Mr. Parkhurst's words of advice to young men are: "Be willing
to work and always live within one's means. Ready to perform
any public service when requested so to do without expecting any
reward except the satisfaction of making the community in which,
one lives a little better by this service."
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CHARLES LAWRENCE PEIRSON
CHARLES LAWRENCE PEIRSON, soldier, and merchant,
was born in Salem, Massachusetts, January 15, 1834. His
father, Dr Abel Lawrence Peirson, was born November 25,
1794, and died May 6, 1853; and his mother, whose maiden name
was Harriet Lawrence, was born July 4, 1793, and died November
13, 1870. They were married April 18, 1819. His paternal grand-
father, Samuel Peirson, was born in Boston, February 22, 1759, and
died at Biddeford, Maine, May 22, 1852; and his maternal grand-
father, Abel Lawrence, was born in Groton, Massachusetts, July 31,
1754, and died at Salem, Massachusetts, December 4, 1822. His
paternal grandmother, Sara Page Peirson, was born at Medford,
Massachusetts, February 11, 1758, and died at Biddeford, Maine,
September 29, 1802. His father was graduated from Harvard
University in 1812, and later received from it the title of M.A.
He was also a graduate of the Harvard Medical School, with the
title of M.D., in 1815. He was a favorite pupil of Dr. James Jack-
son, of Boston.
As a surgeon he was especially skilful, and as a man he was cheer-
ful, genial and friendly, and in the family he was faithful and
devoted to the duties of his domestic life.
Among noted ancestors were the following: His great-great-
grandfather Peirson came over from Yorkshire, England, in 1699,
with William Penn, and settled in Philadelphia. He and his wife
were of the Society of Friends. Moving from Philadelphia to North
Carolina, they were murdered by the Indians, with all their family,
except two children. Captain Samuel Peirson, born in Philadelphia
in 1731, commanded the first ship that ever made the passage by
way of the Cape of Good Hope to China. His grandfather, of the
same name, served as adjutant of the New Hampshire troops, and
was in the Battle of Saratoga. He was afterwards private sec-
retary to General Washington. On the maternal side, the first of
the name of Lawrence came from England in 1630, with John Win-
CHARLES LAWRENCE PEIRSON
throp, and settled at Groton, Massachusetts. The grandfather of
the subject of this sketch, Abel Lawrence, was married in 1780, and
moved to Salem, where he was a ship owner and merchant in for-
eign trade till his death in 1822.
Charles Lawrence Peirson received in course the degree of S.B.
from Harvard University in 1853, and the honorary degree of A.M.
from the same institution in 1898, with the statement that it was
given to one who was "a resolute soldier in the Civil War, and an
upright man of affairs."
The necessity of immediate earnings, as well as his own personal
tastes, led young Peirson to begin active work as a civil engineer
in surveying the route of the Erie Railroad from Franklin, Penn-
sylvania, to Meadville, and thence on the Western line of the state.
He was afterwards employed in the office of J. B. Henck, civil
engineer of Boston; and later still went to Minnesota on similar
work, combined with farming.
This outdoor exercise for three years helped to fit him for the
military life that he led from 1861 to 1865. It was indeed an ardu-
ous as well as a highly distinguished career. He began as first
lieutenant and adjutant in the Twentieth Regiment of Massachu-
setts Volunteer Infantry, 1861-62, including three months spent in
Libby Prison, Richmond, Virginia, after he was taken captive at
the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Subsequently he was adjutant-general
on the staff of Brig.-Gen. N. J. T. Dana; and was on the personal
staff of Major-Gen. John Sedgwick. He was in all the battles of
the Army of the Potomac before Richmond. These battles, as
given officially, were: Ball's Bluff, Yorktown, West Point, Seven
Pines, Fair Oaks, Peach Orchard, Savage's Station, White Oak
Swamp, Glendale, Malvern Hill, and also Mine Run, the Wilder-
ness, Spottsylvania, Petersburg, and the Weldon Railroad. He
was made lieutenant-colonel, afterwards colonel. Thirty-ninth Volun-
teer Infantry, August 30, 1862, in the First Corps, Second Division,
of the Army of the Potomac. He also served in the Second Corps,
and in the Fifth Corps, Third Division. In the hotly-contested
battles of the Weldon Railroad he was wounded by a shell in the
breast, shot in the arm, and finally shot through the body. He was
discharged for disability on account of these wounds, January 4,
1865. For his gaUant and meritorious conduct in the battles of the
Wilderness and Spottsylvania he was made colonel by brevet, to rank
CHARLES LAWRENCE PEIRSON
as such from the 13th of March, 1865; and from the same date as
brigadier-general for gallant and meritorious conduct in battles on
the Weldon Railroad.
At the close of the Civil War General Peirson formed a partner-
ship with General Robert Hooper Stevenson, of Boston, as dealers
in iron. He was treasurer for three years of the Lowell Machine
Shop. He was a director of the Union National Bank in Boston;
a trustee of the Suffolk Savings Bank; one of the corporation of
the Provident Institution of Savings; director and president of
the Atlantic Cotton Mills; director of the Glendon and other iron
works; member of the personal staff of Governor Alexander H.
Bullock, of Massachusetts; and Justice of the Peace for all the
counties. For two years he was commander of the Massachusetts
Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion; and he is
a member of the Military Historical Society of Boston, of the So-
ciety of the Army of the Potomac, of the Somerset Club of Boston
and of St. Botolph's Club of Boston.
General Peirson has always been a Republican and has never
seen occasion to change his party allegiance. In religious affilia-
tion he is a Unitarian. His favorite mode of exercise, until pre-
vented from its further enjoyment by the wounds received in battle,
was riding; and since then his chosen amusement has been playing
golf.
On the 19th of January, 1873, he married Emily, the daughter
of George Robert and Sarah Shaw Russell and the granddaughter
of Jonathan and Silvia A. Russell, and of Robert Gould and Eliza
(Parkman) Shaw. They had no children.
As a schoolboy in the Salem High School, a student at Harvard,
a civil engineer running a railroad through Pennsylvania, a farmer
and civil engineer in Minnesota, a soldier amid the perils and car-
nage of battle, a prisoner in Libby prison, a wounded officer retiring
from active service amid many honors, a merchant, a manufacturer,
this man among men, even down to his retirement amid the com-
forts of his home, has uniformly illustrated by example the wisdom
of his advice to young men: "Avoid indolence; cultivate will
power; always have an ideal goal; accept defeat and success with
equal composure; never stay beaten; be gracious to every one; be
loyal, faithful, and true."
CHARLES BURNHAM PORTER
A MAN'S ancestors must be regarded as a part of his life, and
few men have owed more to their ancestors than did Dr.
Porter. The Porter family is one of the most remarkable
medical families in America. They have always been doctors, and
nothing but doctors. Charles Burnham Porter was the seventh
physician in his family in direct descent from that original hard-
fisted old immigrant surgeon and bone-setter, Daniel Porter, who set-
tled near Farmington, Connecticut, about 1650. Fathers and sons,
there have been in that family eighteen physicians of whom we have
record. All of them lived active and laborious lives, in western
Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont. Not least among these
useful sons was James Porter of Revolutionary times; Charles Por-
ter's great-grandfather. James was a man of courage and convic-
tion, for he was that rare anomaly, a Vermont Tory. He secured a
commission as surgeon under the British flag and served with Howe's
army of invasion on Long Island. That was the Porter whose wife,
Lucy Burnham, brought her surname into the family, where it has
remained to the present generation. Revolutionary James Porter
died when he was but thirty-five, leaving a son James, who in turn
was followed by a son, James Burnham, the father of Charles Burn-
ham, who was born at Rutland, Vermont, on the 19th of January,
1840.
Charles Burnham Porter grew up a vigorous, out-of-doors lad,
under the eye of his father in Vermont. The old man lived until
1879, and to see his son already distinguished. From Vermont,
the son, when eighteen years old, came down to Cambridge, and grad-
uated from Harvard in 1862. At once he began the study of medi-
cine in the old North Grove Street Medical School, and passed from
there to the Massachusetts General Hospital, where he served as
interne in 1864. In 1865 he received his medical degree from Har-
vard; and went at once to Washington looking for army service.
At that time medical service in the army was thoroughly organized,
.^/>-
CHARLES BURNHAM PORTER
while both hospital and field work were carried on in a fashion far
more effective than in the earlier days of the war. Dr. Porter's
method of getting the hospital work he wanted was characteristic.
Presenting himself at the Armory Square Hospital, he showed his
credentials and asked the Chief Surgeon for work as dresser. He
was told that there was no vacancy. Not discouraged, he applied
again and again. At last he impressed himself on the surgeon in
charge, who asked why he continued to apply. "Because I want
work, and I'm going to stay until I get it," was the answer. "If
that is the way you feel about it, we "will put you on duty to-morrow,"
was the reply. Within a month he was in charge of a great ward
full of serious cases, and at the close of the war was in charge of
the officers' ward. Seventy-four compound fractures, requiring two
daily dressings, fell to his share at one time.
On June 1, with leave of absence, he came home to marry Harriet
A. Allen, of Cambridge. He returned with his wife, and they re-
mained in Washington until the mihtary hospital was closed. Three
years later he went abroad with his wife and two children, and
studied for nearly two years in Vienna, Berlin, and Paris. He took up
these studies just at the beginning of the new era in surgery. Lister
was at work in Glasgow while surgical sepsis was raging through
Europe. Anesthesia had encouraged painless operation, but asepsis
was not yet known. Dr. Porter returned to Boston thoroughly
equipped and then followed a series of events and appointments
such as many a young and successful physician knows. He became
physician to Out-Patients, Massachusetts General Hospital (1866);
District Physician (1866); Physician to the Boston Dispensary
(1867); Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy (Harvard Medical
School, 1867); Demonstrator of Anatomy under OHver Wendell
Holmes (1868); Visiting Surgeon to the Massachusetts General
Hospital (1875); Instructor in Surgery under Dr. Bigelow (1879); and
then the higher and more responsible appointments, until he retired
from the Chair of Clinical Surgery at Harvard in 1903. He had
taught medical students for thirty-seven years, and had been surgeon
to his hospital through the same years; a record almost equal to
Henry J. Bigelow's, 1846 to 1886, forty years at the same hospital.
Dr. Porter was a man of singular simplicity; rarely given to
speech in pubUc, or the writing of professional papers. The arts
of the medical politician seem to have been strange to him; and his
CHARLES BURXH.\M PORTER
advancement in the University, as well as at the Massachusetts
General Hospital, followed the natural course of seniority and merit.
Before all else, Dr. Porter was a physician. He looked at disease
in the wise, old-world fashion, which recognized no distinction
between medical and surgical diagnosis. He followed general prac-
tice, though he employed primarily his profound knowledge of
surgical therapeutics. He enjoyed life as he knew it, and he knew
it as a successful doctor. So he attached to himself countless
grateful patients and admiring students and physicians. Always
his teaching and his hospital seem to have taken precedence of his
private practice. Dr. Porter never forgot his anatomy, his accurate
and minute knowledge of which, added to a congenital but at the
same time a highly trained surgical sense, aided decision as to when
and how to operate and gave him an enviable confidence during
the operation.
One sees him then, a vigorous man, in the prime of life, forceful,
active, quick-stepping, as he tramped briskly through the hospital
corridors, with steam always up, pushing through task after task
done, and everything thoroughly done. He inspired confidence.
He knew his business, the healing of the sick; and all men recognized
in him that fact. There is scarcely a well-known family in Boston
that has not at one time or another sought the advice and services
of Dr. Porter. As a practitioner of medicine and surgerj', he suc-
ceeded early and he held his place.
Mere success in private practice, however, gives a man no great
claim to professional distinction, though we admit that such success
is sweet. Dr. Porter was peculiarly attractive to students. H&
was wise; he was sufficiently dignified; he was happily democratic;
he was an enthusiast; he taught from the patient, not from the
case, and he loved young men, particularly those from the country.
Nothing gave him greater delight than helping them; not only with
sympathetic advice, but in procuring for them opportunities to rise.
This was characteristic both in and out of his profession. He was
always an out-of-doors man, a woodsman, wholesome and sound.
For twenty years he took an annual vacation in the Maine woods
with his son, Dr. Charles Allen Porter, who also became a surgeon.
He did not care for shooting, but loved the life of the camp, fish-
ing, canoeing, and a flower never escaped his eye.
Above other men of his generation, Dr. Porter was a lucid and
CHARLES BURNHAM PORTER
convincing teacher of surgery. One remembers his deft, sure hands,^
and liis perfect technique. We see other men operate greatly
and effectively, but there is left no such master of style as Dr.
Porter. He was an irresistible cUnical surgeon and compelled
admiration.
One knew him then as a sound teacher and a great operator.
On these accomplishments his reputation rests. Unfortunately, he
produced httle; he was averse to writing, though some short essays
remain.
Though engrossed with his teaching and practice, and a member
of the prominent clubs, he found his greatest enjoyment in his
family. To an unusual degree, their interests were his interests,
and their life was a large part of his.
He drove straight and true through his course, until by the rule
of age limitation, he was retired from the Medical School and Hos-
pital in his sixty-fourth year. A chorus of applause and regret from
his juniors and associates followed him in his retirement. The staff
of the Massachusetts General Hospital gave him a great reception,
at which men from distant cities shook his hand for the last time,
while distinguished educators, physicians, and surgeons stood in
the line. Old age came upon him quickly, but he refused to break.
The manly way in which he faced the facts and cheerfully submitted
to his limitations was an example to those who are growing old. He
traveled, he kept his friends, he saw his old patients, and then he
died suddenly on the 21st day of May, 1909.
It was a full and useful career; a happy life. Fortune and honors;
few of us ask for more. Mors non ultima; linea rerum est.
His wife and four children survive him : Charles Allen, Hortense
Isabelle, Edith Elise (Mrs. Percy Musgrave), and Rosamond.
The genealogy of the Porter family in America is here given
arranged by generations. It is a very unusual record, and there-
fore very interesting:
1. Dr. Daniel Porter, of Farmington, Conn.; b. 1625, d. 1690.
Dr. Daniel Porter.
Dr. Richard Porter.
2. Dr. Samuel Porter, of Farmington; b. 1665, d. 1740 (?)
Dr. Ezekiel Porter.
3. Dr. Hezekiah Porter, of Northampton; b. 1717, d. 1780 (?)
Dr. Samuel Porter.
CHARLES BURNHAM PORTER
4. Dr. James Porter, surgeon in British army; b. 1745, d. 1780.
Dr. Hezekiah Porter.
Dr. Ezekiel Porter.
Dr. Samuel Porter.
5. Dr. James Porter, of Rutland, Vermont; b. 1777, d. 1851.
Dr. Henry Porter.
6. Dr. James Burnham Porter, of Rutland; 6. 1806, d. 1879.
Dr. Cyrus Porter.
Dr. Hannibal Porter.
7. Dr. Charles Burnham Porter; b. 1840, d. 1909.
Dr. Charles Allen Porter.
e-^-i-^
FRANCIS PROCTER
FRANCIS PROCTER was born in Gloucester, Massachusetts,
March 16, 1833. His father was a sea captain, and pursued
his chosen occupation with industry and perseverance. His
ancestors passed through the terrible times of the Salem witchcraft
delusion and some of them were personal sufferers from the strange
fanaticism which pervaded the whole community. His mother was
descended from Rev. John White, who was pastor of the First Church
of Gloucester for fifty-eight yeai-s, and on his father's side he is
descended from Francis Higginson, the first minister of Salem, and
from Col. William Frescott of Bunker Hill fame.
Francis Procter began his education in the public school, but his
father died when he was thirteen years of age, and the support of
himself and two younger brothers came upon his mother, who soon
afterwards lost her eyesight. Borrowing of her one dollar, he bought
thirty-three copies of "The flag of Our Union," and so started a
business which grew into printing, publishing, bookselling, stationery,
wall paper, and a general newspaper trade. In 1855 he took in his
brother, George H. Procter, as partner, under the firm name of
Procter Brothers, which was incorporated in 1903 as the Proctor
Brothers Company. They started in July, 1853, their first paper,
Procter's Able Sheet, a monthly advertising sheet which was printed
until October, 1855. The Gloucester Advertiser was started June,
1856, and published monthly until June, 1857, also as a semi-monthly
until November 7, 1857; the name was then changed to Cape Ann
Advertiser, and continued as a semi-monthly until October 23, 1858,
inclusive. On November 5, 1858, it was extended as a weekly and
continued until July 1, 1901, when it was merged with the Gloucester
Daily Times, which was started June 16, 1888, and is still published.
Mr. Procter was a delegate to the first Free Soil Convention, at
Worcester, served as auditor of the town accounts, attended the
Liberal Republic Convention of 1872, was a member of the Confer-
ence Committee that nominated Charles Sumner for governor. He
FRANCIS PROCTER
is a member of the Independent Christian Society, the oldest Uni-
verealist Church in America, and has served as chairman of its Parish
Committee for seven years. He is a member of several press asso-
ciations and has traveled extensively. The winters of 1879-80 he
spent in Bermuda for his health. He has acted as treasurer, presi-
dent and director in various companies and commissions for the trans-
action of business or for promoting the public welfare. He helped
organize the Massachusetts Press Association at Worcester in 1869.
and has served as secretary, vice-president, and president and has
been delegate to many national editorial conventions. He has
been a diligent reader of newspapers and has secured his education
mostly from intercourse with men in daily life. He has taken promi-
nent part in all movements for the preservation of the early me-
morials of his native city and for its social and commercial prosperity.
He served as alderman in 1876 and has been a member and secretary
of the Gloucester Board of Park Commissioners since its establish-
ment about twenty years ago. He is also a director in the Gloucester
Board of Trade and the Gloucester Cooperative Bank. He served,
in 1892, as general secretary and as chairman of the Press Committee
for the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary celebration of the in-
corporation of Gloucester as a town, which was largely attended by
many sons of Cape Ann from all over the country, and which was a
success in every way.
Mr. Procter married Mary Melissa, daughter of Soloman Rice, of
Marlboro, Massachusetts, March 15, 1856. She died suddenly at
Lynn, Massachusetts, July 2, 1907. They celebrated the fiftieth
anniversary of their wedding, March 15, 1906. Mrs. Procter took
a lively interest in her husband's affairs and in church work, and was
much beloved by the entire community. She left three children,
Frank R. and William A. Procter and Mrs. M. M. Fisher; another son,
George R., died in infancy. The two sons are active members of
The Procter Brothers Company, established in 1903. Mr. Procter
built the house corner School and Procter streets in 1859 and has
occupied it for nearly fifty years.
^^i-^
GEORGE NEWTON PROCTOR
GEORGE NEWTON PROCTOR, one of Worcester County's
most energetic mercantile and industrial leaders, has been
for more than forty years identified with the coal trade and
various manufacturing and other industries of Fitchburg, where he
was born July 31, 1842. His father, Sullivan G. Proctor, who was
one of the prosperous merchants of the place, a man of energy and
sterling honesty, was born July 1, 1808, and died March 20, 1902,
his parents having been John Proctor (1768-1858) and Sady (Cham-
berlain) Proctor. He married Mary Newton, born March 2, 1810,
the daughter of Martin Newton (1786-1863) and Betsey (Snow)
Newton. John Proctor was of the fourth generation from Robert
Proctor, who is found — with John, Richard and George Proctor —
among the early emigrants from England to Massachusetts. In
1645 Robert Proctor married Jane, the eldest daughter of Richard
Hildreth, of Concord and Chelmsford, the ancestor of the Hildreths
of America. In compliance with a petition of 1653, the General
Court granted a section of land six miles square, on the Concord
River, to Robert Proctor, Richard Hildreth and twenty-seven others,
and on this site the settlers organized the town of Chelmsford in 1654.
In his early years George Newton Proctor had a healthy boy's
love of sport, in which he was able to indulge freely. With no
special difficulties to overcome, he attended the common schools of the
town, then fitted for college at Phillips Exeter Academy, and finally
took an incomplete course with the class of 1865 at Harvard College.
Impelled by circumstances that arose at the time, he sought
employment in Chicago late in 1863, becoming cashier in a whole-
sale hardware store. Tiring of the western city, however, he gave
up this position after a few months, and, returning to Fitchburg
early in 1864, he entered the firm of Proctor & Wright, retail dealers
in hardware and agricultural implements. Here he remained for
about two years. Deciding then upon another change, in April,
1866, he joined J. F. D. Garfield in the coal business under the firm
GEORGE NEWTON PROCTOR
name of Garfield & Proctor. A large and prosperous trade was
soon built up, and was continued, steadily growing, for more than
twenty years without change in management. In 1888 the estab-
lishment was incorporated under the title of the Garfield & Proctor
Coal Company. Mr. Proctor was at first general manager for the new
corporation, but a little later became both president and general man-
ager, which places he retained until he sold out his interest in 1906. He
is now president of the Union Coal Company, also of the Eastern Poca-
hontas Coal Company, King Coal Company, and Buchanan Company.
Mr. Proctor has taken a prominent part in the development of
the manufacturing interests of Fitchburg. The Fitchburg Worsted
Company of South Fitchburg, which was incorporated in 1880 with
Mr. Proctor as treasurer, makes over $1,500,000 worth of fine
worsted suitings yearly. He is also treasurer of the Star Worsted
Company, which began operations in 1882, and has an annual
production of half a million dollars' worth of worsted yarn. In
addition he is vice-president of the Bellevue Mills.
Mr. Proctor has been deeply concerned in everything tending
to promote the welfare and substantial betterment of his native
place, and has been active in its financial affairs, in plans to develop
its picturesque beauties, in giving new advantages to the outlying
farming districts, and in improving the facilities for local intercourse.
He is president of the Wachusett National Bank, and was one of the
trustees of the Worcester North Institution for Savings. He is
president of the Fitchburg Park Company; and was also president
of the Worcester North Agricultural Society, He is one of the
directors of the Fitchburg and Leominster Street Railway; also of
the Leominster, Shirley and Ayer Street Railway.
He was married February 21, 1865, to Mary Elizabeth Newton,
daughter of Martin S. and Elizabeth Newton, of Rochester, New
York. Two sons have blessed the union — George Newton Proctor,
Jr., born October 9, 1882, who is employed in a Boston banking-
house; and James Sullivan Proctor, born September 12, 1884, now
a student at Dartmouth College.
Mr. Proctor is a Republican in politics; and he is affiliated with the
Unitarian Church. He is a member of the Park Club of Fitchburg, and
of the New Algonquin and the Exchange Clubs of Boston. He puts
away the cares of a busy life occasionally and takes a vacation with
his sons, and in this way gets his chief and most enjoyable recreation.
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JOHN READ
JOHN READ, is the son of William and Sarah G. (Atkins) Read.
He married Elise W., daughter of Wilson J. and Elizabeth
T. Welch, and his sons are John Bertram, William and Har-
old W. Read.
John Read was born, and has always lived, in Cambridge.
He secured his elementary education in the public schools of the
city, and was graduated at Harvard in the class of 1862. When
the nation needed men to defend its honor and life it found him
ready for its service. He served three years as paymaster in the
United States Navy. It was his fortune to be often where the
fighting was fiercest, participating in ten different engagements;
and in April, 1863, he had the experience of the vessel which bore
him going down riddled with shot. It was the Keokuk, turreted
iron-clad ram, which met its fate in making an attack on Charleston,
South Carolina, being one of the fleet which was under the command
of Admiral Dupont in that memorable contest. The engagement
was a terrific one, the Keokuk receiving such a fire as up to that time
had been almost unknown in naval warfare. She was at the head
of the attacking fleet, and received the combined fire of all the forts
in the harbor. In twenty minutes her armor was penetrated by
nearly a hundred shots, and she sank.
His next service was in the West Gulf Squadron. Here one
expedition and engagement followed another, and he had his place
in them all, for many months during the last two years of the war
his vessel taking part in many contests, and also doing blockade-
duty off the Louisiana and Texas coasts. He was in the battle of
Sabine Pass, where the Union forces met with disaster and great
slaughter. He also was in all the engagements of the occupation
of the Texas coast by General Washburn in the winter of 1863, and
took part in the capture of Corpus Christi, Aransas Pass, and Mata-
gorda.
But an experience even more severe than that of battle awaited
JOHN READ
him, that of imprisonment. In May, 1864, during an engagement
at Calcasien Pass, Louisiana, he was captured. For eight months
he was confined in the prison camps in Texas, suffering hardships
and exposures so terrible that only thirty-two of the one hundred
and eleven men who w^ere captured in May w^ere living when release
came in December, exposure without shelter and insufficient food
having ended the lives of seventy-nine of his comrades. This state
of mortality put the Texas swamp prison camps among the worst
in the entire South, equaling in their horror the terrible records of
Andersonville and Libby. Only thirty-two sick and wasted men
survived, and, as these were too sick to cook their own rations or
care for themselves, the Confederates closed the camp, and sent them
to the Union lines. But for this the entire company would soon
have been obliterated.
In spite of all that he had suffered, he essayed to do further duty,
and was assigned to the United States sloop of war Kearsarge, but
the privations and suffering of his previous service had broken his
health, and near the close of the war he resigned.
After his return from the war Mr. Read became a partner of
William Read & Sons, but also found time for public service. He
was a member of the Cambridge Common Council in the years
1880-81; of the Board of Aldermen in 1882-83; of the Massachu-
setts House of Representatives in 1888; of the Massachusetts
Senate in 1892 and 1893.
He was on important committees in the Legislature, being chair-
man of committees of military affairs, water supply, and federal
relations, and also member of banks and banking, education, and
prisons. In the election of 1891 he was elected by a very handsome
majority, wiping out the Democratic lead of the previous year, and
being elected by a majority of three hundred and thirty-four, thus
turning to the Republican party a gain of eight hundred and fifty-
four votes over the previous year.
As a legislator he has been much interested in the improvement
of the public service, and gave his support to the Australian
ballot law. No temperance measure failed to receive his vote.
He was recognized by his fellow members as a clear-headed,
practical business man, with an excellent capacity for stating his
views clearly and forcibly in the debates, in many of which he took
part. The modification of the bill in relation to truant schools for
JOHN READ
Middlesex County, so that small institutions may be established
instead of one large one, was due to Mr. Read's management.
He introduced and carried through the Senate the petition for
authority to issue five hundred thousand dollars additional water
bonds for Cambridge; also the petition for authority to make a loan
for public parks, securing an amendment providing for the appoint-
ment of park commissioners. He also secured passage of an act
for taking land in Belmont for a high service reservoir for Cambridge,
in spite of strong opposition from Belmont. He also had charge of,
and was instrumental in, passing the bill for the increase of the Massa-
chusetts naval militia. This arm of the service was originally created
by a bill presented by Mr. Read when he was in the Legislature in 1888.
But his most important work was upon the Cambridge annexation
question. There was in the Senate a combination of circumstances
which made it seem probable at one time that the decision might be
adverse to Cambridge. The committee on cities recommended that
the matter be^referred to the next General Court." Senator Read was
not satisfied with the semi-approval, and was unwilling that the sub-
ject should lie open to the next legislature to be again taken up, and
therefore determined to kill it. His principal opponent was confi-
dent of success, having with him the committee on cities, backed
by the advocates of annexation. Against both these elements he
alone made the fight, with the motion that the whole question be
"indefinitely postponed." After a long and hot debate Mr. Read
carried the Senate in favor of this motion. A reconsideration was
attempted at a later day by the advocates of annexation, but Senator
Read again carried the day, and the proposition was thus killed
and thrown out of the Legislature for good. These facts are men-
tioned as showing Mr. Read's abilty as a legislator and his influence
in the Senate.
Mr. Read has always been a Republican in state and national
politics. In city politics he has been a hearty supporter of the
Cambridge non-partisan methods of selecting officers. He is greatly
interested in all public matters, and the spirit which prompted him
to offer his life to the nation in the days of peril has never ceased to
control him when there was opportunity to promote the public
interest.
In the fiftieth anniversary Cambridge celebrated in 1896, Mr.
Read was chief marshal, and was in a large measure responsible for
JOHN READ
its notable success. He was also chief marshal of the naval proces-
sion in the G. A. R. celebration in Boston in 1904. He delivered
the Memorial address at Harvard University in 1900 — also has
lectured on the development of Armor-Guns, and the growth of
the Iron-clad American Navy; on Nautical Training Schools and
other subjects.
At present he is president of the Cambridge Civil Service
Reform Association; trustee of the National Sailors' Home; State
commissioner of the Massachusetts Nautical Training School and
School Ship Enterprise ; commander of the Association of Union
ex-prisoners of War; commander of the Massachusetts Naval Order;
a vice-commander of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion; member
of Post 56, G. A. R.; member of the Kearsarge Naval Veterans Asso-
ciation, and a vice-president of the Republican Club of Massachusetts.
BRADLEY D. RISING
A CONSPICUOUS figure in the paper-making industry of the
Connecticut Valley was the late Bradley D. Rising, of
Springfield, Massachusetts, who passed away at his summer
home at Pine Orchard, Connecticut, August 17, 1903.
Mr. Rising started out in early manhood without a dollar, but
with a determination to make a name and a place for himself in the
world. He was in every respect a self-made man, depending upon
his own ability and resources, and bringing to every aim a stern,
un3uelding purpose to succeed. Though decided in his opinions
and emphatic in his business methods, he was an extremely benevo-
lent man, and his fife was marked by deeds of Christian charity.
Mr. Rising was born at Hague, New York, on the shores of Lake
George, September 12, 1841. His father, Zenas Rising, son of Abel
and Lucinda (Kent) Rising, was a farmer, as his ancestors had been
before him. His mother was Roxy Balcolm. Bradley D. Rising
derived his early education in the school that the village afforded,
and remained on the farm with his father until his twenty-first year,
when he started out in life for himself. He first taught school for a
year and then entered the employ of a pocket-book factory at Barre,
Massachusetts, for a short period. Removing to Springfield he found
employment for three years with Samuel Bowles and Company,
printers and publishers of the Springfield Re-publican. In 1868 he
made his start in the paper-making business as bookkeeper and
salesman for the Southworth Paper Company in Mittineague, Massa-
chusetts, three years later becoming manager and treasurer of the
John H. Southworth Paper Company at South Hadley Falls. This
position he held for two years, and then returned to Mittineague,
where he remained as treasurer and manager of the Agawam Paper
company until its absorption by the American Writing Paper Com-
pany. Mr. Rising then organized the Rising Paper Company and
built a large mill at Housatonic, Massachusetts, which was in suc-
cessful operation at the time of his death.
BRADLEY D. RISING
Mr. Rising was a Mason, and a member of the Arkwright Club
of New York and the Winthrop and Nayasset clubs of Springfield.
He was a Republican in politics, but never sought or held public
office. Aside from his business affairs and home attachments, his
principal interest was in church and charitable work. He had been
identified with Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church for thirty-five
years, and for the greater part of that time was a steward and mem-
ber of the official board. He was also Sunday-school superintendent
for ten years. His were the largest contributions to the church
work, and his private benevolences were many and varied.
Bradley D. Rising was a man of rare natural acumen and keen
insight with regard to men and motives. He also possessed great
self-reUance and firmness; combined with the latter he had fine
power of attaching employees and friends. With these qualities he
was enabled to win his way unaided and in his maturity he became
a captain of industry, respected, honored and beloved.
Mr. Rising married Henrietta L., daughter of EUsha and Lydia
(Norton) Reynolds, September 5, 1870. They had five children,
one of whom died in infancy; four are living. These are Rachael,
Edith, Richard, Robert.
Mrs. Rising died very suddenly October 30, 1909, of angina
pectoris at her home, 298 Union St., Springfield, Massachusetts.
STEPHEN HERBERT ROBLIN
STEPHEN HERBERT ROBLIN has been for more than
twenty years pastor of the leading Universalist church of
America. It is the church of which the distinguished
Rev. Alonzo A. Miner was for a long time the pastor, and this
fact indicates in some degree the dignity and importance of the
position. His hfe has not been confined to his professional duties
but has had outside interests both for his own advantage and for
the enlargement of his influence.
He was born in Picton, Ontario, Canada, October 4, 1858. He
was the son of Joseph Ryerson RobUn, who was born in 1829 and
died in 1898, and Rachel Louise Reynolds. His grandfathers were
Stephen RobUn, 1790-1865, and Isaac Reynolds, 1794-1872. The
maiden names of his grandmothers were AlHson and Clark.
The father was a farmer, merchant, and manufacturer, a man
of energy, of a genial spirit, and inclined to travel as he had oppor-
tunity. The ancestors were early residents of Poughkeepsie, New
York and Newark, New Jersey, but during the War of the Revolu-
tion they were loyahsts and removed to Canada. In the line of
ancestry was Sir Joshua Reynolds, the eminent artist.
Stephen H. Robhn as a boy was fond of the country life and
greatly enjoyed reading. In his youth he worked on a farm and
by this labor acquired strong physical quahties while at the same
time he learned lessons in frugaUty and industry. The influence of
his mother upon his mental and moral life was marked. He was
helped not only by the training in his home but also by that which
he found in schools, and in his private study and in his association
with men. These influences have continued as he has moved on.
He finds and has always found reading profitable in the depart-
ments of learning to which he has naturally and necessarily turned.
The range of his reading has been wide and has had an important
bearing upon his mental growth and upon his chosen work. There
were many difficulties in the boy's way when he sought an education.
STEPHEN HERBERT ROBLIN
These he was able to overcome. He studied in the public schools
and pursued special college and theological studies at St. Lawrence
University, Canton, New York. This university honored him in
1897 with the Degree of Doctor of Divinity.
He has been a pastor of Universalist churches in Genoa, New
York, 1881; at Victor, New York, 1883; at Bay City, Michigan,
1884, and since 1891 at Boston, Massachusetts, in the position which
he continues to hold. He has been president of the UniversaUst
State Convention of Massachusetts, 1902-04; trustee of the Univer-
salist State Convention of Massachusetts, 1894-97; Secretary of the
Universalist Convention of Michigan, 1886-90; trustee of the Uni-
versalist PubUshing House, 1908; chaplain of the Ancient and Hon-
orable Artillery Company, 1897 and 1909; chaplain also of the
Fifth Regiment, M.V.M. Besides his regular preaching he has
made addresses, and written articles for the press upon questions
of social, civic and moral reform and the new psychology, having
given special study to this field. Somewhat beyond strictly cler-
ical relations, he is a member of the Boston Art Club, the Boston
Monday Club, the Social Union, Universalist Club, the Canadian
Club, the Knights Templars and is a 33d degree Mason. He has
attained to the position of Most Wise and Perfect Master of the
Mount Olivet Chapter Rose Croix of Boston; and of President of
the Social Union. In pohtics he has always been a Republican.
His amusements are bilUards, baseball, walking and automobiling.
He was married July 31, 1882, to LiUian Lynes, and on October
10, 1906 to Mary Ethelwyn McMuUen. He has three children:
Fred W., a lumber merchant, and Herbert A., by his first marriage,
and Mary Ethelwyn by his second.
These brief notes make it evident that Dr. Robhn is a laborious
and industrious man; interested in his profession; and in his posi-
tion as the pastor of a prominent church, is an influence in his de-
nomination, with wide, collateral interests in which he has found
profit and happiness. He teaches out of his own experience the
value of ''fair dealing, thrift, ambition, an intellectual activity,
reverence, and an earnest desire to make the world better by living
in it."
DANIEL RUSSELL
DANIEL RUSSELL, selectman, loan commissioner, State Sena-
tor and bank president, was born in Providence, Rhode Island,
July 16, 1824, and died at his home in Melrose, January 23,
1907. His father, Daniel Russell, a shoemaker, married Mary,
daughter of Calvin and Phebe (Cole) Walker. She was a descendant
of Philip Walker, son of Widow Walker, who immigrated prior to
1643, was married in 1654, and is known to have signed a deed dated
at Rehoboth, 1653. Calvin Walker was a soldier in the Revolu-
tionary Army and was a pensioner.
Daniel Russell was one of a large family and at fourteen years
had to leave school, going into his father's shoe shop, and when seven-
teen he was apprenticed for four years to learn the trade of carriage
painting. He suffered from poor eyesight and could read with
great difficulty. He removed to Middleboro, where he engaged as
a carriage painter for two years. In 1847 he, with a fellow crafts-
man, went to Boston, where they engaged in selling small wares by
sample. In 1849 he was on the eve of his departure for California
when the Hon. Nathan Porter offered him attractive employ-
ment in Providence, Rhode Island. In 1852 he returned to Boston
as salesman in the clothing house of Edward Locke & Company,
changing in 1855 to the wholesale clothing house of Isaac Fenno &
Company. He was made a member of the firm in 1861 and retired
with a competence in 1869.
He was married October 21, 1850, to Mary, daughter of Jonathan
and ]\Iary (Kimball) Lynde, of Melrose, Massachusetts, and their
children were William Clifton and Daniel Blake Russell. In 1856
he established his home in Russell Park, Melrose, Massachusetts.
He served for three years on the board of selectmen of the town and
was subsequently made commissioner of the water loan sinking
fund, and president of the Melrose Savings Bank. He was elected
to the State Senate in 1878 for the Sixth Middlesex District and
reelected in 1879, serving while in the Senate as chairman of the Com-
DANIEL RUSSELL
mittee on Insurance and as a member of the Committee on Agricul-
ture. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention of
1880. He invested money in the Maiden and Melrose Gas Light
Company and in the Putnam Woolen Company, and was made a
director in each corporation. He w^as a Mason and served for forty-
two years as organist of the Hugh de Payens Commandery, Knights
Templars. In his home he also caused a large organ to be built, and
it became a special delight to gather around him musically-inclined
companions, and give both piano and organ recitals, adding to the
entertainment reproductions of comic songs and other light vaude-
ville through the medium of a large Edison phonograph. He was
a member of the Universalist denomination and gave a fine organ to
the Universalist Church in Melrose. He was a leading citizen in all
the affairs affecting the improvement of the streets, parks and sani-
tary conditions of the city of Melrose.
r^^//ia■^s S3:
NATHANIEL JOHNSON RUST
NATHANIEL J. RUST was born in Gorham, Cumberland
County, Maine, November 28, 1833. His father, Meshach
Rust, born in 1796, lived to the age of seventy-eight, and
his grandfather, William Rust, born in 1765, lived to the still more
advanced age of eighty-six. His mother's name was Martha Frost,
her father, the maternal grandfather of Nathaniel J. Rust, was
Nathaniel Frost, who was born in 1777 and died in 1830, but his
wife. Content Hamlin Frost, survived him for fifteen j-ears, and died
at the age of sixty-six.
Mr. Rust traces his ancestry back to Henry Rust, who came from
England to Boston in 1634, — so more than two centuries of New
England blood runs in his veins. His most prominent ancestor in
those early days was Major Richard Waldron, who was a deputy
to the General Court of Massachusetts in 1654 and for twenty-five
subsequent years. He was Speaker of the House for the years 1666-68
and 1673-79. Then for three years he was a member of the Council
of New Hampshire, from 1680 to 1682, and in 1680 was vice-president
and in 1681 the president of that Council. He was killed by the
Indians at Dover, New Hampshire, the twenty-seventh day of June,
1689.
Mr. Rust missed a mother's care and influence on his life. She
died when he was only sixteen months old. The influence of his
father must have been deep and lasting. His father's trade was that
of a tailor, and the son's record of him is that he was always ready
for active, hard work and that he was tenacious of truth and justice.
For three years the youth worked on a farm and then he entered
the drug business, with the determination to know it well, and he
succeeded, never hesitating to do any part of the work necessary to
learn the business. This spirit, inherited from his father, urged
him also to do the extra work necessary to secure an education. He
was graduated from the Gorham Academy at Gorham, ]\Iaine, and
then from the Oxford Normal Institute at South Paris, Maine. In
NATHANIEL JOHNSON RUST
this latter town he started in the drug business, and two years later
(in 1851) he began active work in Boston.
On the 28th of April, 1863, he was married to Martha C. Carter,
who was the daughter of Enos and Martha (Haines) Carter and grand-
daughter of Samuel and Rhoda Libbey Haines. In 1635 an ances-
tor of Mrs. Rust, named Samuel Haines, sailed from England to
New England on the ship Angel Gabriel, built by Sir Walter Raleigh.
So the children of Mr. and Mrs. Rust can look back to Puritan
ancestry on both sides of the house. Four children are still living,
Martha C, Mary Alice, Nathaniel J. and Edgar C.
If we turn now to the honorable position held by Mr. Rust in
Boston and New England, we shall not be surprised to find a record
of quiet, slow, but real accomplishment. There is the greatest
encouragement to the honest, faithful performance of duty in the
steady and certain rise of this man.
In 1874-76 he was a member of the Massachusetts Legislature, and
in 1878-79 he was a member of the Boston City Council. In 1891-
92 he was in the Boston Board of Aldermen. He was president of
the North End Savings Bank, the Lincoln National Bank, the
Boston Storage Warehouse and a director in many corporations.
At this time he is a director in fifteen different corporations.
His interests are not confined to purely commercial undertakings.
He is interested in the welfare of the community in which he
lives. He is the president of the Boston Art Club, and for twenty
years has been a member of the Commissioners of Sinking Funds of
the city of Boston, and at the present time is chairman of that
Commission. He is a member of the Merchants, Unitarian and
State of Maine Clubs. Mr. Rust finds the most enjoyable relaxation
in travel.
Throughout his life the one maxim about which his strong and
noteworthy deeds have clustered is this: "Be honest, truthful and
upright, ready to do whatever honest work is required to attain
the position desired; above all, be temperate and frugal, avoiding
low associates." These words should be cherished in the heart of
any young man who goes forth, like Nathaniel J. Rust, to build up
slowly but surely a useful and successful life.
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'27 Z^
WILLIAM ROBERT SESSIONS
WILLIAM ROBERT SESSIONS, farmer, soldier, legislator
and secretary of the State Board of Agriculture, was born
in South Wilbraham (after March 28, 1878, Hampden),
Hampden County, Massachusetts, December 3, 1835. His father,
William Vyne Sessions (born September 16, 1801 — died April 9,
1897), was a son of Robert (1752-1836) and Anna (Ruggles) Sessions;
grandson of Captain Amasa Sessions of the Colonial Army in the
French and Indian War; and a descendant from Samuel Sessions,
a native of England, who came to Massachusetts Bay Colony in
1630 and located in the town of Roxbury, subsequently removing
to the town of Andover. William V. Sessions was a farmer, char-
acterized as religious, saving and industrious. He married Lydia,
daughter of Cyrus (1765-1849) and Rhoda (Osborn) Ames. Robert
Sessions was one of the party who threw the tea overboard in Boston
Harbor, and served in the American Revolution as a lieutenant.
William Robert Sessions was brought up on his father's farm,
and when not attending school worked on the farm after his eighth
year. As a young farmer he could plow when nine years old,
mow when ten, cradle grain at fourteen, and at that age could do a
full day's work with the best farm hands. He loved work, and
during his evenings read the newspapers, history and biography,
and in this way made up for limited school training which was gained
in the district school and a select school three miles from his home,
and one term in Westfield Academy. He had great help from his
mother, an experienced teacher, who encouraged him to be con-
stant and punctual at the district school, though it required a long
walk in all kinds of weather. He taught school winters for four
years, and was married March 11, 1856, to Elsie W., daughter of
Joseph B. and Elsie (Walker) Cunningham, and remained at home,
working his father's farm "on shares." He was partially disabled
from doing hard work by an accident, and he went to Columbus,
Ohio, where he engaged in mercantile business in the spring of 1857,
WILLIAM ROBERT SESSIONS
but failed in the financial crash of that year. He worked as a fore-
man in the weaving department of the South Wilbraham Manu-
facturing Company for one year, and then returned to the farm.
He enlisted on August 14, 1862, for nine months' service in
Company I, 46th regiment, Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry and
became sergeant of the company. He was a prisoner of war in
Libby Prison, Richmond, Virginia, June, 1863, and was discharged
from the service July 25, 1863, on being paroled, and returned to
the homestead farm in Wilbraham. He served his native town as
moderator of town meetings from 1864 up to the formation of the
town of Hampden, March 28, 1878, when he was made moderator
of the new town and served as such for many years. He was select-
man of Wilbraham for six years and of Hampden from 1878 for a
number of years. He served the Commonwealth as Representative
in the General Court in 1868, as State Senator in 1884 and 1885, and
as Justice of the Peace from 1886. He became a member of the
State Board of Agriculture in 1879, and served as secretary of the
board 1887-99. He was a trustee of the Massachusetts Agricultural
College from 1885. He removed to Springfield May, 1899, where
he has since resided. He served the city as alderman in 1904 and
1905. He became a Mason in 1862 and was a member of Newton
Lodge of Wilbraham; was also a member of Hampden Harvest
Club from 1869, and of the Franklin Harvest Club from 1893. Of
the five children born to him William Joseph remained on the home-
stead farm; Elsie Mary became the wife of J. Coolidge Hills, of
Hartford, Connecticut; Lucy Maria, wife of S. Ives Wallace, of Clin-
ton, Massachusetts.
JOHN LOW ROGERS TRASK
JOHN LOW ROGERS TRASK was the son of Joshua P. Trask
(born July 23, 1805, died September 14, 1862) and Mary
Ellery Rogers. He was born in Hampden, Maine, December
19, 1842. His parents were born in Gloucester, Massachusetts,
were married there in 1830, removed for business reasons to Maine
in 1837, returned to Gloucester in 1847, and died there. His grand-
fathers were Joseph Trask and WiUiam Rogers; his grandmothers
were Susanna (Hovey) Trask and EHzabeth (Low) Rogers. His
father was a lawyer and municipal judge, keen in intellect, coura-
geous, generous, and aspiring. Of his ancestors, Osmand Trask came
from England to Beverly in 1650; Daniel Hovey came to Ipswich
in 1638. Reverend Nathaniel Rogers came to Ipswich from Essex,
England, in 1636, and Thomas Low from England the same year.
The Rogers family gave six generations of learned, able and godly
ministers to the New England churches. The two Dudley governors
were connected by marriage with the Rogers tribe, and thus with
the ancestors of Mr. Trask, for John Rogers, president of Harvard
College, son of Rev. Nathaniel, married Elizabeth Denison, daughter
of Patience Dudley, who was daughter of Governor Thomas Dudley
and Dorothy Yorke.
John Low Rogers Trask was, as a boy, studious and observing.
He was given the ordinary tasks of a boy brought up in a village,
and he found it easier to do them than to get rid of them. His
mother was a substantial New England woman, of good judgment,
cheerful, decided and religious. She had been a teacher in a com-
mon school. John Low Rogers Trask read everything at hand,
especially biographies, the better forms of fiction, and books of
travel. He was greatly helped by the lectures of the old Gloucester
Lyceum. He received his education in the common school, the
Gloucester high school, the Dum.mer Academy at Byfield, Atkinson
Academy, New Hampshire, and at Williams College, graduating
in 1864. He received the degree of A.M. in 1867, and that of D.D.
JOHN LOW ROGERS TRASK
from the same college in 1889. He commenced his ministerial
work as pastor of the Second Congregational Church of Holyoke,
Massachusetts, in 1867. He was governed in a choice of a profes-
sion by his own feehngs and the feehngs of his parents, and by
family history — seven generations on his mother's side having
been preachers of the Word of God. Private study, contact with
men and early companionship helped forward this selection. He
was made a trustee of Mt. Holyoke College in 1878, and has been
secretary of the board for twenty years. He was pastor of the
Holyoke Second Congregational Church from 1867-1883, pastor of
the Trinity Congregational Church, Lawrence, 1883-1888, and of
the Memorial Independent Church of Springfield, 1888-1903. He
founded with others the PubUc Library in Holyoke, and established
a mission church. An oration given at the anniversary of the found-
ing of the town of Gloucester in its two hundred and fiftieth year
was published by the city in 1892. Various lectures and addresses
have been pubhshed. He is a member of the Phi Beta Kappa; of
the Connecticut V. T. C. and the Club of Springfield; of the Win-
throp Club of Boston; and of the Sons of the American Revolution.
He is a member of the Republican party and of the Congregational
Church. He has spent part of two years touring in Europe, visit-
ing cathedral towns and the early homes of his forbears, of whom
he has made long and careful genealogical studies. His chief
exercise is walking.
He was married, August 1, 1871, to Abby, daughter of Daniel
and Nancy (Bassett) Parker, a descendant of Edward Winslow.
There have been three children: Frederic Parker, Amherst College;
Elizabeth Rogers, Mt. Holyoke College; and Mrs. Mary Ellery Loomis,
Smith College, 1900.
He bids young men to "form early a high purpose, make a serious
use of time, mingUng labor with sane pleasure, and to have an open
eye for opportunity. These, with judicious reading, wise listening,
pure-minded friends, a sacred regard for truth, cheerful diligence,
and a loyal devotion to Jesus Christ should help young people to
attain true success in life."
A>N
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LUCIUS TUTTLE
LUCIUS TUTTLE, president of the Boston & Maine Railroad
and of the Maine Central Railroad Company, is a thorough-
going New Englander by birth and lineage. He was born
in one of the most characteristic of New England cities, Hartford,
Connecticut, on March 11, 1846, the son of George Tuttle and Mary
(Loomis) Tuttle, His father was a descendant from WilHam Tuttle,
who came from St. Albans, England, to Massachusetts Bay Colony
in 1635, landing from the ship Planter in the town of Boston and
removing, in company with his wife Elizabeth, to New Haven Col-
ony in 1638. The Tuttle family is of old Enghsh origin, and the
name was variously written Tothill or Totehill, signifying Lookout
Hill, an eminence or high place of observation. Mr, Tuttle's mother
was descended from Joseph Loomis of Bristol, England, who came to
America in the ship Susan and Ellen, in July, 1638, landing at Nan-
tasket, and settling the next year in Windsor, Connecticut. Thus
President Tuttle is doubly linked to that sterling race of men and
women who laid the first foundations of New England.
Receiving a good sound education in the Hartford public gram-
mar and high schools, Mr. Tuttle at twenty years of age began his
career as a railroad man, starting at the lowest grade and mastering
one after another the elementary details of the great trade of trans-
portation. He held positions successively with the Hartford, Prov-
idence & Fishkill, the New York & New England, the Eastern, the
Boston & Maine, and the Canadian Pacific Railroads between 1865
and 1889, rising steadily from one grade to another through sheer
merit and proved ability until, in 1889, he was called to the impor-
tant post of commissioner of the Trunk Line Association. This was
a notable mark of confidence in Mr. Tuttle on the part of his fellow
railroad men. They believed not only in his practical ability but in
his integrity and sense of justice.
This post of commissioner Mr. Tuttle had held but for about a
year when he was offered and accepted the general management of
LUCIUS TUTTLE
the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad, one of the most
important railroad systems in the United States. Two years later
Mr, Tuttle was promoted to the vice-presidency of the New York,
New Haven & Hartford, resigning this place when a year later, in
1893, the directors of the Boston & Maine Railroad elected him the
president of that system, which holds as important a relation to
northern as the New York, New Haven & Hartford does to southern
New England. In 1896 there was added to the honors and respon-
sibilities of Mr. Tuttle the presidency of the Maine Central Railroad
Company. Thus Mr. Tuttle became the dominant personal factor
in the northern New England railroad situation.
This record of unbroken progress is eloquent of the industry and
power of Mr. Tuttle as a railroad manager — of his genius for organ-
ization, for controlling men, and for meeting every emergency that
arises in the complex and difficult work of transportation. His nat-
ural abilities are great, and they have been constantly broadened
by his many years of large, practical experience. He is unquestion-
ably one of the most remarkable of the men of power whom the
American railroads of our time have developed. Mr. Tuttle has
shov/n himself to be not only a great railroad manager but a great
force in every way in the rich and populous community served by
the Boston & Maine system.
He has seen this system expand under his control until in point
of mileage, and more particularly in tonnage carried, it has come to
rank as one of the most efficient transportation plants in the entire
world. The Boston & Maine under his management has more than
kept pace with the demands of industrial New England, He has
provided an ever-improving service, and at the same time has sub-
stantially lowered rates. The contrast between railroad conditions
in northern New England when he took command and conditions
now is manifest to every traveler and business man who is at all
familiar with the Boston & Maine system. The advancement in
the efficiency of this property has been achieved in such a sagacious
way that never at any time has there been a serious strain upon the
resources of the road, and it has become more valuable and profit-
able than ever to its stockholders. Mr. Tuttle's career at the head
of the Boston & Maine has been an era of unbroken and unparalleled
prosperity.
Not only has Mr. Tuttle wrought a distinct evolution in the
LUCIUS TUTTLE
character of the local railroad service throughout northern New Eng-
land, but he has improved the relations of the Boston & Maine system
with the great trunk lines reaching the far West of the United States
and Canada and tapping the mighty reservoirs of export trade. This
has been an especially difficult undertaking because of the fierce
competition of other ports and sections of the country, possessing
many natural advantages and, moreover, aided often by discrimi-
natory regulations and legislation. Nevertheless, President Tuttle
has persevered and has been a masterful leader in the fight for fair
play for Massachusetts and New England. He has made the Boston
& Maine count more heavily than ever as a power in the export
trade, to the profit of its owners and the benefit of the towns and
cities through which its lines run to reach the seaboard.
Though a very busy man. President Tuttle has been conspicuous
throughout his residence in Boston for his alert interest in large pub-
lic affairs. He has contributed materially to the successful move-
ment for the deepening and improvement of Boston Harbor so that
its great terminal facilities may have the advantage of constant
connection with the largest and, therefore, the most efficient and eco-
nomical of ocean steamers. He has shown consummate tact and
fairness in all his dealings with the great number of men in his
employ, and he is recognized throughout New England as one of the
wisest and most genuine of friends of industrious and deserving labor.
A member of many of the chief mercantile and philanthropic
associations of Boston, Mr. Tuttle is one of the most conspicuous and
influential citizens of the community. His habit of quick, decisive
thought and frank expression has won for him a post of leadership
in the consideration of many an important public question. He is
a ready and forceful public speaker, combining the directness of
the business man with much of the ease and grace of the finished
and accustomed orator. President Tuttle has been called frequently
year after year before legislative committees, and his counsel has
been solicited and carefully studied by public men. His wide experi-
ence, his breadth of view and the confidence with which his fellow
men have learned to listen to his judgment have been powerful to
avert hostile legislation in the New England States and have helped
mightily to hold their legislation along conservative lines at a time
when the country at large has seemed to be seized with an infatua-
tion for persecuting railroad properties.
LUCIUS TUTTLE
Perhaps the railroads of some other states and sections would
have been more fortunate if they had possessed more men like Mr.
Tuttle who believe unequivocally in the principles of the Golden
Rule and never forget that the great corporation has very great and
serious obligations to the public. Mr. Tuttle has always taken
advanced views in regard to the duties of the railroads. He has
advocated reasonable rates and has earnestly opposed preferential
or discriminating rates. Time and time again he has urged in rail-
road conferences and elsewhere that first of all the freight rates of
the country should be adjusted on a basis that all competent railroad
men could maintain without injustice as between communities or
individuals. Mr. Tuttle is a firm believer in co-operation and he
holds that the laws of trade are inexorable, and that like the laws of
nature they will in time prevail over all unwise attempted regula-
tions which are contrary to the inherent necessities of trade and
commerce. He does not disapprove of combinations that are prop-
erly organized and wisely and fairly managed — and he has good
proof here in his own system, which, unified and ably controlled
along broad lines, has done far more than the old, separate, unsym-
pathetic and discordant lines could do for the upbuilding of New
England. President Tuttle beheves in publicity as to all corpora-
tions in whose securities the people are asked to invest. He is, in a
word, a broad man of genuine statesmanlike caliber, of a type of
which it would be well if there were many more in the railroad ser-
vice of America.
His experience has covered every department of transportation,
both of passengers and of freight. He has been brought for many
years into close contact with people of many kinds. He has an inti-
mate knowledge of human nature. His profession, as exacting in
many ways as the most arduous military service, has kept his nat-
urally great powers trained to the highest point of efficiency. Such
a man is quick to understand and sympathize with other men, and
is wonderfully well equipped for the leadership of other men in every
undertaking for the benefit of the community.
A descendant of the Puritans, Mr. Tuttle is of the Congrega-
tionalist faith, and an active figure in the historic Old South Church
of Boston, which he and his family have attended for many years.
He is a conspicuous member of the Old South Club and a frequent
speaker at the various conventions of the benevolent and social organ-
LUCIUS TUTTLE
izations of the church. Mr. Tuttle has been one of the Bostonians
who have loyally upheld the work of the Young Men's Christian
Association and made it such a force in this community. He has
been interested especially in the branches of the Association that
have been devoted to the welfare of the young men employed in
our railroad service, a line of effort in which the Association has
been of late years notably active and successful.
President Tuttle has a fine, hospitable city home on Beacon
Street, Brookline. He was married on October 14, 1875, to Estelle
Hazen, daughter of George H. and Sarah (Hopkins) Martin, of Nor-
wich, Connecticut. Mr. and Mrs. Tuttle have three daughters;
all of them are married.
Mr. Tuttle is a member of the corporation of the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology; a trustee of Clark College, Worcester;
president of the New England Civic Federation ; director of the Sec-
ond National Bank, Boston; director of the Old Colony Trust Com-
pany, Boston; member of the Boston Chamber of Commerce; member
of the Algonquin, Commercial, and Merchants Clubs and of the
Beacon Society.
ALONZO G. VAN NOSTRAND
IT is becoming more and more a matter of common knowledge
that the men of to-day who count in the affairs of life are the
men who do things. There are fresh proofs every day that
heredity counts, either for good or bad, and that there is a dis-
tinct advantage in clean, active and level-headed ancestry. No
man is doing more to show that the pride of ancestry may be
an aid to commercial and personal advancement than Alonzo G.
Van Nostrand, proprietor of the Bunker Hill Breweries, Charles-
town, Massachusetts, who has been identified with Massachusetts'
patriotic, social, and business activities for a long time. Mr. Van
Nostrand, on his father's side, is the eighth in the direct line of
descent from Jacob Jansen Van Noordstrand, who landed in New
Amsterdam (New York City), in 1638, settled Rensselaerwyck in
1652, and received a patent from the crown for land in Albany, where
he built and operated a brewery, one of the first in the colonies.
Mr. Van Nostrand's father, the late Hon. William Treadwell Van
Nostrand, was born in Hempstead, New York, in 1821, and was a
pioneer in this country in the business of dealing in malt, hops, and
brewers' supplies. Mr. Van Nostrand has inherited the brewing
instinct as well as qualities that have made the Dutch for gen-
erations a helpful, leavening influence in the New World, and
which have left their permanent impress on New York City and
along the Hudson. Not only was Mr. Van Nostrand's first ances-
tor in this country a brewer, but also Mr. Van Nostrand's father,
and therein we find one reason why, under the present owner-
ship and control, the Bunker Hill Breweries, established in 1821,
have advanced steadily in magnitude and popularity. There is
an old saying that if you wish to make a gentleman you must
begin with his grandfather, and this, certainly, if true, should
apply as well to the making of a brewer. In the case of Alonzo G.
Van Nostrand, the making began, apparently, more than 270 years
ago.
But Mr. Van Nostrand, tracing descent on one side from sturdy
ALONZO G. VAN NOSTRAND
Dutch forbears, can turn to the maternal line and trace his ancestry
from those who settled in New England, who suffered the depriva-
tions of the early colonists, who participated in the wars with the
Indians and French and finally in the Revolution, and who helped
to make this part of the United States what it is to-day. Mr. Van
Nostrand's mother's maiden name was Mehetabel Bradlee. She
is the daughter of Thomas and Ann (Howard) Bradlee, and was
born in the old house at the corner of Tremont and Hollis Streets
in Boston, from which her grandfather and other patriots disguised
as Indians sallied forth as members of the Boston Tea Party in 1773.
Her ancestor in direct line was Daniel Bradley, who came from Lon-
don in 1635 in the ship Elizabeth, settling in Haverhill, Massachusetts,
where he was killed in the Indian Massacre of August 13, 1689.
Alonzo G. Van Nostrand was born July 4, 1854. He was not
quite eighteen years of age when, graduating from the English
High School, he was given a clerkship in the small brewery on
Alford Street. During the three years following he worked his
way through every department, gaining a comprehensive and prac-
tical knowledge of the business and its possibilities. In 1875 he
was taken into partnership by his father. Thereafter the develop-
ment of the plant and the business was steady and significant. It
was in 1875 that the P. B. trade mark was originated and adopted.
A bottling building was erected, with a storage capacity of 240,000
bottles. In 1891 the brewing of Bunker Hill Lager was begun in
a new brewery. Later another brew house was completed at a
cost of S 100,000 to meet the increasing demand. At the present
time the breweries cover an entire block of four acres and there is
no room for further expansion, except by increasing the height of
buildings.
Mr. Van Nostrand made a trip around the world in 1907. He
is married and has one son now in Harvard College. Mrs. Van
Nostrand's maiden name was Jane Bradford Eldridge. She is a
daughter of Captain Eldridge, of Fairhaven, and is a lineal
descendant of Governor Bradford, of the Plymouth Colony, who
landed from the Mayflower in 1620. Mr. and Mrs. Van Nostrand
occupy the Van Nostrand residence at 482 Beacon Street.
Mr. Van Nostrand holds membership in a score or more of clubs
and associations, including art and historical societies in Boston
and New York, and is a member of the leading yacht clubs.
ALONZO G. VAN NOSTRAND
He considers that the best advice that he can offer to young
men just starting in life can be tersely stated as follows:
"Be honest, and particularly with yourself. Concentrate your
efforts on one thing at a time. Undertake only what you believe
you can accomplish, but when once started, never give up."
Mr. Van Nostrand has developed a group of splendid, modern
brewery buildings, each equipped for a special purpose, but those
buildings would be useless, that equipment would rust in idleness,
were it not for the fact that, in the midst of intense competition and
in resistance of the constant temptation to consolidate forces and
reduce standards, he has chosen his own path, has sought to produce,
without regard to cost, malt beverages that will surpass any of
domestic brewing and will compare with the best of Europe, and
has made the P. B. Brewery the standard by which all others in
New England are gaged, or seek to be gaged, in public estimate.
And that takes us back to the original point that pride of ancestry
is a good thing and that business ability is better; but that, when
pride of ancestry and superlative business ability are blended and
aged in the vat of commercial experience, the output is inevitably
as good as can be asked for, the best that can be obtained.
/"^
GEORGE WHITAKER
THE career of a Methodist minister is one of much variety.
If he Hves to an advanced age he has labored in many
places, under varied conditions, and his influence is beyond
his finding out. While in this part of the world the itinerary sys-
tem has given way to more settled pastorates, and the time limit
is extended and is more conditional upon circumstances, the period
of residence is still usually restricted, and the terms of service in
one place are brief.
The life of George Whitaker is the portraiture of a typical and
creditable minister of the great Methodist Church.
George Whitaker was born in Boston, Massachusetts, May 14,
1836. His father was born in Sharon, Massachusetts, August 27,
1807, and he died November 10, 1883. His mother was Catherine
Cravath Holland. His grandparents were Rev. Jonathan Whitaker,
born 1771, died 1835; and Mary Kimball Whitaker, and on the
mother's side, Captain John Holland, 1758-1824, and Sarah May
Holland, 1772-1849.
The father was a dry goods merchant and afterward a clerk in
the Boston Custom House, auditor of New Orleans Customs, and
clerk in the Treasury Department at Washington, D. C. He was
a reader of good books, a man of religion, a reformer, a good writer
and speaker, an enterprising, generous and pubhc-spirited man.
An account of his Hfe is given in the History of Norfolk County,
Massachusetts. His ancestors were Saxon in origin. Jonathan
Whitaker was born in England in 1690, and came to Connecticut,
then to Long Island and New Jersey. John Holland is believed to
have been the grandson of John Holland of Dorchester, England.
John May was born in England in 1590, and died in Boston, Massa-
chusetts, April 28, 1670. The great-grandfather of George was
Rev. Nathaniel Whitaker, a noted pastor of the Tabernacle Church
in Salem, Massachusetts, during the war of the Revolution. Before
that he raised in England funds for the founding of Dartmouth
GEORGE WHITAKER
College. Deacon Samuel May, of Boston, was the brother of George's
grandmother, and a successful and respected merchant.
George Whitaker was brought up on a farm where he was indus-
trious and had much useful discipline. He learned to make a prudent
use of his time, and gained good health and a robust constitution.
The influence of his mother upon his character was strong, although
she died while he was yet a boy. The family resources were Hmited
so that it was not easy for him to obtain the education he wished;
but he was fond of reading in a general way, especially of the biog-
raphies of successful men. Among other books he had the Life of
John Wesley, George Whitfield, and Marshall's Life of Washington.
He read the History of Methodism and Watson's Theological Insti-
tutes. He studied in the West Newton Model School, the Bridgewater
Normal School, the Wesleyan Academy at Wilbraham, the Wes-
leyan University in Middletown, Connecticut, where he received the
degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1861, He was a member of the Phi
Beta Kappa and the Phi Nu Theta fraternities. He was made
Master of Arts in 1864, and a Doctor of Divinity at Fort Worth
University, Texas, in 1888. He joined the New England Annual
Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1861, and became
pastor at West Medway, Massachusetts. He chose bis profession
from a sense of his duty "to preach the Gospel."
He has especially felt the influence of the many men with whom
he has been associated, but he knows also the influence of his home,
his schools, his private study and his early companions. He has
been president of Wiley University, Marshall, Texas, 1888-90;
president of Willamette University, Salem, Oregon, 1891-92;
president of Portland University, Portland, Oregon, 1899. He has
been a pastor at West Medway, 1861-62; South Walpole, 1863-64
Roxbury, 1865-66; Lowell, 1867-69; Westfield, 1870-71; Lynn, 1872
East Boston, 1873; presiding elder, Springfield District, 1874-77
pastor at Ipswich, 1878; Cambridge, 1879-81; Somerville, 1882-84
Worcester, 1885-87; Portland, Oregon, 1893; Detroit, Michigan, 1894-
96; Beverly, Massachusetts, 1897; Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1898—
1905; Lowell, 1905-06; Orient Heights, 1907; Linden, 1908.
He was a member of the school committee in South Walpole,
and he has given many lectures and addresses in connection with.
Methodist institutions and churches and on various pubhc occasions.
He has been one of the Sons of Temperance, a Good Templar,.
GEORGE WHITAKER
of the Temple of Honor, is a Free Mason, a member of the Evening
Star Chapter of Westfield, Massachusetts. He belongs to the Repub-
lican party. He has found recreation in reading and fishing; in
travel, croquet and boating; in civil engineering.
He married June 22, 1861, Harriet, daughter of George H. and
Huldah Woodruff Clark, a granddaughter of Lemuel and Hubbard
Clark and Eben and Rhoda Coe Woodruff, a descendant of William
Clark, who came from England to Dorchester, Massachusetts, in
1636. They have had four children. There are now living, George
Edgar, publisher of Zion's Herald, Boston; and John Holland,
reporter and correspondent of the daily press in Singapore, Straits
Settlements.
His counsels to youth, — obedience to parents, faithful study of
books, and entire consecration to the service of God and man. He
advises a wise choice of a field of labor, and an earnest effort for
self-improvement and a wide influence for good, which will fill the
years with an accumulating beneficence. His long ana faithful
life enforces his counsel.
GEORGE HENRY WHITCOMB
ONE of the great manufacturers of Worcester County, and an
active and conspicuous citizen of Worcester, George Henry
Whitcomb has had a business career full of instruction and
inspiration to the younger men of Massachusetts. Mr. Whitcomb
is a native of Worcester County. He was born in Templeton on
September 26, 1842, the son of David and Margaret (Cummings)
Whitcomb. His father was a manufacturer of tin ware, a man of
upright life and of devoted loyalty to the church and to the interests
of education. The Whitcomb family is of the oldest in New England,
tracing its origin back to English colonists of 1630.
Under the loving care of his mother Mr. Whitcomb, as a lad,
was fortunate in his boyhood home. His father saw that many of
the leisure hours of the boy were utilized in tasks about the house
or in the workshop and its attached office and store. It was the wish
of Mr. Whitcomb's parents, and his own desire, that he should be
carefully educated for some useful calling. With this end in view
he entered Phillips Academy in Andover, and, finishing his course
there, went to Amherst College, whence he graduated in 1864. Three
years later he secured from Amherst in course the degree of Master
of Arts.
In 1864, the year of his graduation from Amherst, Mr. Whitcomb
began the making of envelopes in Worcester. He continued in this
business until August, 1898. Investing about $30,000, Mr. Whit-
comb sold out for $450,000, having derived from his remarkably
successful business not only his living and expenses but the sum of
more than $1,000,000 between 1864 and 1898.
Mr. Whitcomb has always manifested remarkable foresight,
sagacity and executive ability in his business undertakings. He
has won success by deserving it. Always an earnest Republican,
Mr. Whitcomb has held no political office, but he has borne a promi-
nent part in the religious and educational activities of Massachusetts.
The same qualities which have given him so much strength as a
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GEORGE HENRY WHITCOMB
manufacturer have qualified him for wise counsel and successful
leadership in other fields. He has been affiliated with the Congre-
gational Church since 1859, and has devoted much of his time and
thought to the work of the Massachusetts Home Missionary Society,
the Congregational Home Missionary Society, the American Mission-
ary Association and the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign
Missions.
A loyal alumnus of Amherst, Mr. Whitcomb has been a trustee
of the college and, after the sudden death of the treasurer some
years ago, he consented to serve as treasurer of Amherst until a
successor could be elected. For many years Mr. Whitcomb has been
a member of the finance and executive committee of Amherst, which
owes much to his zeal, his executive power and his business ability.
Mr. Whitcomb has been also a trustee of the Worcester Polytechnic
Institute, of Oberlin College and of Mt. Holyoke College, and has
given these institutions such service as is always expected of the best
citizenship of Massachusetts.
Mr. Whitcomb is a member of Phi Beta Kappa. He has been
treasurer of the Gamma Chapter Corporation of Psi Upsilon at Am-
herst from its organization. He has also been president of the
Congregational Club of Worcester, and president of the Massachu-
setts Ministerial Relief Association.
Mr. Whitcomb was married on October 11, 1865, to Abbie Miller,
daughter of F. C. Estabrook, of Dayton, Ohio, and who died June 1,
1900, and he has three sons living — Henry Estabrook, David and
Ernest M. Whitcomb. His only daughter, Carolyn M. Whitcomb,
died May 30, 1902. He married January 22, 1902, Mrs. Elizabeth
S. Wiekware, of Seattle, Washington. Mr. Whitcomb 's favorite
recreation is driving or riding with his family.
Each of Mr. Whitcomb's sons has had a college training and in-
struction in law, and each is an active, capable and reliable man of
business. Since 1898, when Mr. Whitcomb sold out his envelope
manufacturing, he has given much attention to the development of
Pueblo, Colorado, and Seattle, Washington, where he has large real
estate interests. He has also built several important structures in
Worcester. Mr. Whitcomb has always been a notably good and
generous employer. Many a young man has been helped by him
to a successful start in business — aided not only by careful training
and by the soundest advice, but by an adequate amount of capital,
GEORGE HENRY WHITCOMB
and many are the men who have good cause for lively gratitude
to their benefactor. Mr. Whitcomb's liberality has always been
the more beneficent because guided by sound, practical judgment.
To "early discipline in a Christian family and the Christian Church
and to association with cultivated people," Mr. Whitcomb attributes
much of the success which he has achieved. He counsels the young
to " practise habits of frugality, economy and thrift, to keep away
from idle and base companions, and always to have some instruc-
tive or useful book at hand by which to utilize their leisure mo-
ments."
These were principles of conduct which Mr. Whitcomb, under the
guidance of his parents, learned to adopt in early life. His career
is one more exemplification of a fact of which Massachusetts furnishes
many a fine instance, that the highest success in business is thoroughly
consistent with an unswerving conscience and a lofty Christian
character. Though not now burdened by the executive respon-
sibilities of the manufacturing which he directed so long and so
efficiently, Mr. Whitcomb is still a man of indefatigable energy.
His judgment is unerring and his advice and cooperation are eagerly
sought for in many a business enterprise by other large men of affairs
of Massachusetts.
"^jx^uicy J" '
ISAAC FRANKLIN WOODBURY
JOHN or WILLIAM WOODBURY came from England and
settled at Beverly, Massachusetts, about 1630. From this
immigrant descended Asa Woodbury, the paternal grandfather
of Isaac Franklin Woodbury, the subject of this sketch. This Asa
married Elizabeth Thom. Their son, Isaac Woodbury, born August
11, 1822, and still living — a strong Methodist who believes it to be
his duty to combat evil in all its forms — married Caroline Wil-
lard, daughter of John Parker, They were the parents of Isaac
Franklin Woodbury. He was born at Salem, New Hampshire,
October 31, 1849. The father was a farmer, and the boy had his
regular tasks upon the farm, and his allotted chores about the house
and barns. The faithful performance of these duties firmly fixed
in him habits of industry and thrift, much to his benefit in after
years. His home life and the influence of his mother for good in an
intellectual, moral and spiritual way were all that could be desired.
His means of education, so far as the study of text-books was
concerned, was confined to the common schools and two terms at
the New Hampshire Conference Seminary at Tilton, New Hamp-
shire. He, however, broadened his intelligence by systematic
reading and the study of general Hterature.
In May, 1868, he became apprenticed to Standish & Woodbury,
masons and builders, and began learning his trade. He served his
masters faithfully, keeping close watch of all the intricacies of the
building business, for seven years, and then felt himself qualified
to enter the field as a contractor upon his own responsibility.
He began business for himself on May 6, 1875. On the first
day of June following he formed a partnership with George E. Leigh-
ton, and the firm of Woodbury & Leighton began a general build-
ing business. The new firm was soon full of business, building
dwelling-houses, schoolhouses, churches, mercantile blocks and office
buildings. They were the builders of the Boston Public Library,
the largest of their contracts for public buildings. This great
work had several years of incubation before March 30, 1887, when
ISAAC FRANKLIN WOODBURY
a contract was entered into between the city of Boston and McKim,
Mead & White to design and supervise the construction of the new
building, and plans were finally prepared and approved by the trus-
tees, certain foundations already constructed being modified to
conform to the accepted plans.
Mayor Hugh O'Brien delivered the address at the laying of the
corner-stone, a monograph of the proceedings being printed by the
city, in which it is said: "With the balance of the amount appropri-
ated by the city at their disposition, they (the trustees) contracted
with Messrs. Woodbury & Leighton, August 1, 1888, for the build-
ing of the basement and first floor within one year, relying upon
the city government to appropriate sufficient to complete the edi-
fice. By extra labor, the contractors forwarded the work so that the
corner-stone was laid on the 28th of November, 1888; and it may be
said in general terms that everything seems propitious to the speedy
completion of the new building."
All the subsequent contracts of Woodbury & Leighton were
carried out to the full satisfaction of the trustees. In these days of
labor troubles, with strikes of stone-cutters, carpenters, bricklayers,
iron workers, plumbers, teamsters, and laborers, together with the
increasing cost of every kind of material which enter into the
construction of buildings, a contractor, in order to meet with
success, must be a man of great business sagacity, of iron nerve
and intrepid courage, calm and determined, and able to command
the respect and confidence of those in his employ as well as his
employers, or he will meet with disaster.
Mr. Woodbury is a member of the B^epubhcan party, and is
connected with the Allston Congregational Church. When time
and season permit he enjoys a good game of golf as a more mild
antidote to sluggishness than the athletic games in which he formerly
indulged. He belongs to the Odd Fellows, the Boston Art Club,
and the Allston Golf Club.
He married, June 1, 1873, Emma F., daughter of Washington
and Dolly Woodbury. To Mr. and Mrs. Woodbury ten children
were born, six of whom, Alice L., Clarence P., Robert L., Willard
D., Helen H. and Frances C, are living.
Mr. Woodbury recommends for young people: "Regard for truth
and righteousness, with liberal and sympathetic consideration for
others; labor and perseverance; temperate, plain diet regularly;
out-door exercise and recreation."
BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 9999 06439 205 1
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