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Part  of  the 
ADDISON    ALEXA.NDER    LIBRARY, 
which  was  presented  by 
Messrs.  R.  L.  and  A.  Stuart. 


Case,    Division. ^'j;^ 

'^^''V;  Section    ;'  t 


BIOGRAPHICAL  HISTORY 


O  F 


ENGLAND, 

FROM  ^ 

EGBERT  the  GREAT  to  the  REVOLUTION; 

CONSISTING    OF 

adapted  to  a  Methodical  Catalogije  of 
Engraved  British  Heads  : 

intended  as 

An  ESSAY  towards  reducing  our  Biography  to  System, 
and  a  Help  to  the  Knowledge  of  Portraits; 

INTERSPERSED    WITH 

Variety  of  Anecdotes,  and  Memoirs  of  a  great  Number  of 
Persons,  not  to  be  found  in  any  other  Biographical  Work : 

H-NGRAVED  Portraits  to  fupply  the  Defed,  and  anfvvcr 
the  vanous  Purpofes,  of  Me  d  a  l  s : 

By  the  Rev.  J.  GRANGER,  Vicar  of  Shiplake,  In  Oxfordflilre; 

Animum  piftura  pafcit  inani.  Virg. 

Celebrare  domeftica  fadla.  Hor. 

'i'HE      THIRD      EDITION, 

With  large  Additions  and  Improvembnts. 

V  O  L.    I.  ^ 

I.    O    N    D    O    N, 


ADVERTISEMENT. 

THE  unexpeded  acceptance  which  the 
Biographical  History  has  met 
with  from  the  public,  has  encouraged  the 
author  to  render  it  as  corre6:  and  complete 
as  it  was  in  his  power.  This  he  could  have 
done  but  very  imperfedly  without  thegene- 
TGus  communications  of  feveral  learned  and 
ingenious  gentlemen,  occafionally  acknow- 
ledged in  the  fecond  edition.  He  h parti' 
£"w/^r/K  obliged  to  the  late  biiliopofRochefler^ 
Mr.Walpole;  Mr.  Cambridge^  Dr.  Ducarel; 
the  reverend  Mr.  Farmer,  mailer  of  Emma- 
niiel  College  in  Cambridge  j  the  reverend  Mr, 
Aftiby,  late  prefident  of  *?/.  Johns  ;  and 
the  reverend  Mr.  Cole,  fome  time  fellow 
of  KingSy  in  that  univerfity  j  but  prln" 
cipaliy  to  John  Loveday,  efq.  of  Caverfliam, 
in  Oxfordfliire,  a  gentleman,  who,  in  con- 
ferring benefits,  declines  all  thanks  but  thofe 
of  his  own  confcience.  It  is  fufficient  for 
him  that  the  perfon  on  whom  they  are  con- 
ferred become  a  better,  a  wifer,  or  a  happier 
man  ;  though,  perhaps,  an  utter  ftranger  to 
the  name  and  perfon  of  his  benefador.  The 
author  was  here  irrefiftibly  tempted  to  pay 

A  2  his 


ADVERTISEMENT. 

his  friend  this  flender  tribute  of  gratitude, 
without  his  privity  or  confent  *.  It  would 
be  ingratitude  not  to  own  himfelf  greatly 
obliged  for  the  very  kind  and  able  afTiftance 
of  the  fame  gentleman's  learned  and  worthy 
fon,  Dr.  John  Loveday,  of  Dodtors  Com- 
mons. 

'  'C 

*  Hoc  tribuiiTe  parum  efl:,  non  teibuilTe  fcelus. 


*^*  Erafe  the  nate  at  page  60,  as  the  book 
there  mentioned  was  precipitately  mijlakeji  for 
an  improved  edition  of  another  on  the  fame  fub-" 
jeciy  by  a  truly  able  hand.     The  portrait  is 

f£iitious» 

Note  that  the  articles  of  Fitz  Alan  and 
Walworth^  at  page  60  and  61,  Jbould  imme» 
diately  precede  that  of  Whitington,  at  page  6z^ 
Several  other  errata,  in  the  courfe  of  the  work, 
are  pointed  out  at  the  end  of  the  fourth  volume. 


T  O 


TO    THE    HONOURABLE 


HORACE  WALPOLE. 


S  I  R, 

T  HAVE  no  intention  in  this  dedica- 
"*'  cation  to  commend  your  writings, 
which  fpeak  for  themfeives ;  nor  your 
virtues,  fome  of  which  are  as  well 
known  as  your  literary  accoraplifli- 
ments.  I  mean  no  more  by  it  than  an 
honeft  and  unfeigned  tribute  of  grati- 
tude and  refpedl,  without  defign  and 
without  flattery.  My  name  and  per- 
fon  are  known  to  few,  as  1  had  the 
good  fortune  to  retire  early  to  inde- 
A   3  pendence, 


DEDICATION. 

pendencCj  obfcurity,  and  content :  My 
lot  indeed  is  humble  j  fo  are  my  wiflies. 
I  wrire  neither  for  fame  nor  bread ; 
but  have  taken  up  the  pen  for  the  fame 
reafon  that  fome  of  my  brethren  have 
laid  it  down,  that  is,  only  to  amufe 
myfelf.  I  prefent  you,  Sir,  with  a  nu- 
merous catalogue  of  the  portraits  of  our 
countrymen,  many  of  whom  have  made 
a  confiderable  figure  in  the  world.  To 
this  I  have  added  Sketches  of  tlieir 
charadlers.  But  I  pretend  to  Httle  more 
merit  than  the  keeper  of  a  muficr-ir  11, 
who  is  by  no  means  entitled  to  ihure 
the  honours  or  rewards  of  brave  and 
adlive  foldiers,  only  for  writing  down 
their  names. 

This  fmgular  book,  which  has  been 
the  employment  of  my  Icifure  hours 
for  feveral  years  of  my  life,  will, 
doubilefs,  be  numbered  among  my 
idlenefTes,     perhaps     my     weaknefles  ; 

but, 


DEDICATION. 

but,  I  hope,   never  amongfl  my  fins. 
The  performance  falls  far  fhort  of  my 
own  expectation ;  I  wiQi,  Sir,  it  may,  in 
any  degree,  anfwer  yours.     I  was  not 
fufliciently  informed  of  my  ignorance 
when  I  undertook  it :  like  one  walking 
in  a  fog,  I  fancied  I  faw  it  at  a  diftance, 
when  I  was  furrounded  with  it.      The 
work,  with  all  its  defedls,   has  afforded 
me  much  amufement,  and  not  a  little 
labour:  the  pleafure  of  writing  refembles 
thatof  travelling;  many  delightful  fcencs 
prefent  themfelves  on  the  road ;  but  there 
are  alfo  objedls  to  create  difgull,  and  it  is 
attended  with  languor  and  fatigue. 

However  well  meant  my  poor  endea- 
vours may  be,  I  do  not  expe6l  to  efcape 
cenfure.  To  this  I  fhall  very  patiently 
fubmit.  All  the  favour  that  I  dcTire 
from  the  reader  is,  that  he  will  judge 
with,  the  fame  capdour  with  which  I 
A  4  have 


DEDICATION. 

have  written.  I  have  attempted  to  a6l 
the  part  of  an  humble  author;  but 
have  no  kind  of  anxiety  for  fame.  If 
I  have  an  ambition  for  any  thing,  it  is 
to  be  an  honeft  man,  and  a  good 
pariili-prieft ;  and  in  the  nest  place,  to 
have  the  honour  to  be  efteemedj 

SIR, 


Your  moft  obliged. 


jnoft  grateful,  and 


moft  obedient  humble  Servant, 


JAMES  GRANGER. 


PLAN  of  the  Catalogue  of  engraved 
BRITISH  PORTRAITS,  which 
are  followed  by  their  refpeiSlive 
Charaders*. 

IN  the  following  Catalogue,  all  portraits  of  fuch 
perfons  as  flourifhed  before  the  end  of  the  reign 
of  Henry  the  Seventh,  are  thrown  into  one  article. 
In  the  lucceeding  reigns,  they  are  ranged  in  the  fol- 
lowing order, 

CLASS  I.  Kings,  Queens,  Princes,  Prlncefles, 
^c.  of  the  Royal  Family. 

CLASS  II.  Great  Officers  of  State,  and  of  the 
jHfoufehoId. 

CLASS  III.  Peers,  ranked  according  to  their 
precedence,  and  fuch  Commoners  as  have  titles  of 
Peerage  :  namely,  fons  of  Dukes,  &c.  and  Irifii  No- 
bility. 

CLASS  IV.  Archbifhops  and  Bifhops,  Dig- 
nitaries of  the  Church,  and  inferior  Clergymen.  To 
this  Oafs  are  fabjoined  the  Nonconforming  Divines 
and  Prieils  of  the  Church  of  Rome, 

CLASS  V.  Commoners  who  have  borne  great 
Employments  j    namely.    Secretaries  of    State,   Privy- 

•  The  author,  wlien  he  firft  entered  upon  this  work,  intended 
only  to  compile  a  Methodical  Catalogue  of  Britifh  Heads ;  buc 
he  afterwards  extended  his  plan,  and  made  it  alfo  a  Biographical 
Hiftory. 

Counfellors, 


PLAN    of    the    CATALOGUE 

Counfellors,  Ambafladors,  and  fuch  Members  of  the 
Houfe  of  Commons  as  do  not  fall  under  other 
Claffes. 

CLASS   VL      Men    of   the   Robe  j    including 
Chancellors,  Judges,  and  all  Lawyers. 

CLASS  VII.  Men  of  the  Sword  ;  all  Officers 
of  the  Army  and  Navy. 

CLASS  Vin.  Sons  of  Peers  without  Titles, 
Baronets,  Knights,  ordinary  Gentlemen,  and  thofe 
who  have  enjoyed  inferior  civil  Employments, 

CLASS  IX,  Phyficians,  Poets,  and  other  In- 
genious Perfons,  who  have  diftinguiihed  themfelves 
by  their  Writings, 

CLASS  X.  Painters,  Artificers,  Mechanics, 
and  all  of  inferior  Profellions,  not  included  in  the 
other  Clafies. 

CLASS  XL  Ladies,  and  others,  of  the  Female 
Sex,   according  to  their  Rank,   &c. 

CLASS  XIL  Perfons  of  both  Sexes,  chiefly 
of  the  loweft  Order  of  the  People,  remarkable  from 
only  one  Circumftance  in  their  Lives  ;  namely,  fuch 
as  lived  to  a  great  Age,  deformed  Perfons,  ConvitSls, 
&:c. 

The  following  particulars  have  been  obferved  : 

I.  To  admit  fuch  foreigners  as  have  been  natu- 
ralized,   or    have    enjoyed    any  place  of  dignity,   or 

office, 


of  engraved   BRITISH  PORTRAITS. 

office,   and  alfo  fuch   foreign  artlfts  as  have  met  with 
employment  under  the  Britiih  government  *, 

2.  To  place  the  perfons  in  that  reign,  in  which 
they  were  at  the  higheft  pitch  of  honour  or  prefer- 
ment, if  ftatefmen,  or  peers  j  or  in  which  they  may 
be  fuppofed  to  have  been  in  the  full  vigour  of  their 
underftanding,  if  men  of  letters.  But  if  the  painter 
or  engraver  has  given  the  date  when  a  portrait  was 
taken,  or  the  age  of  a  perfon  may  with  any  probabi- 
lity be  concluded  from  the  reprefentation  of  him,  then 
to  place  it  in  that  period  in  which  it  refembled  him 
moft. 

3.  If  a  perfon  has  been  eminent  in  feveral  reigns* 
or  in  different  characters  or  employments,  to  place  the 
defcriptions  of  the  prints  of  him  in  the  feveral  reigns 
and  clafles,  or  to  refer  from  one  reign  and  clafs  to 
another  f , 

4.  To  mention,  after  the  Englifli  heads,  at  the 
end  of  each  reign,  i.  Such  foreign  princes  as  were 
allied  to  the  royal  family.  2.  Foreign  princes,  and 
others,  who  have  been  knights  of  the  Garter.  3. 
Foreign  princes,  who  have  vifited  this  kingdom.  4. 
Ambafiadors  and  envoys  who  have  refided  here, 
5.  Foreigners  who  have  been  fojourners  at  either  of 
our  univerfities.      6.    Foreigners,    who  have  been  fel- 


•  I  look  upon  employment  as  a  kind  of  naturalization  of  aa 
artitt. 

t  It  is  in  conformity  with  this  rule  that  references  to  different 
reigns  and  claffes  are  occafionally  made  in  the  courfc  of  the 
work. 

lows 


PLAN  of  the  CATALOGUE,  &c. 

laws  of  the  Royal  Society.  7.  Travellers  of  cmi* 
nence  who  have  been  in  England.  Laftly,  fuch  as  do 
not  fall  under  the  above  divifions. 

It  fliould  here  be  obfcrved,  that  the  biographical 
part  of  the  work  is  generally  confined  to  thofe  per- 
fons  of  whom  there  are  engraved  portraits  ;  and  tf^at 
this  takes  in  almoft  all  characters  of  diftin6lion»  cfpe- 
cially  from  the  reign  of  Henry  Vlll.  to  the  Revolu* 
tion. 


THE 


THE 


PREFACE. 


IN  every  age  and  nation,  dillinguifhed  for  arts 
and  learning,  the  inclination  of  tranfmitting 
the  memory,  and  even  the  features  of  illuftrious 
perfons  to  pofterity,  has  uniformly  prevailed. 
The  greateft  poets,  orators,  and  hiftorians, 
were  contemporaries  with  the  moft  celebrated 
painters,  ftatuaries,  and  engravers  of  gems  and 
medals  J  and  the  delire  to  be  acquainted  with  a 
man's  afpecl  has  ever  rifen,  in  proportion  to 
the  known  excellence  of  his  character,  and  the 
admiration  of  his  writings  *.  This  inclination 
appears  to  have  been  no  lefs  prevalent  in  the 
earlier  ages  of  the  world.  The  old  Egyptians 
preferved  a  mummy,  for  the  fame  reafon  that 
the  Greeks  cut  a  ftatue,  or  painted  a  portrait. 


•  Several  perfons  who  had  read  Juftus  Lipfius's  Works  in  Sar- 
Riatia,  made  a  voyage  into  the  Low  Countries,  on  purpole  to  fee 
him.  It  may  not  be  improper  to  obferve,  that  thefe  perfons  were 
greatly  difappointed,  when  they  faw,  in  that  celebrated  writer, 
a  man  of  a  very  mean  afpcft,  Vide  Aubsktus  MiR^ffius,  ia 
**  Vita  Lipfii,"  p.  ja. 

though 


ii  PREFACE. 

though  it  could  retain  little  more  of  the  human 
form  than  a  fkeleton  *. 

But  no  invention  has  better  anfwered  the  end 
of  perpetuating  the  memory  of  illuftrious  men, 
than  the  modern  art  of  engraving,  which  I 
fliall,  u'ithout  fcruple,  prefer  to  the  boafted  art 
of  the  Egyptians ;  and  I  would  much  rather 
be  poileffed  of  a  good  collection  of  prints  of 
my  countrymen,  than  a  collection  of  their 
mummies,  though  I  had  a  pyramid  for  its  re- 
pofitory. 

This  art,  which  had  its  origin  in  Italy  -f ,  was 
flow  in  its  progrefs  into  our  part  of  the  world  ; 
and  after  it  fixed  here,  was  long  before  it  ar- 
rived at  its  prefent  excellence ;  yet  fome  of  its 
early  productions  have  their  merit,  indepen- 
dent of  their  antiquity  ;  and  the  paflion  for  en- 

*  In  the  learned  Cuper's  *'  Lettres  de  Critique,"  &c.  p.  363, 
in  a  Latin  Epiftle  to  Monf.  le  Clerc,  is  the  following  paflagCj 
which  intimates  that  portrait  painting  is  of  very  remote  anti- 
quity, '*  Verfatur  mihi  fubinde  ante  oculos,  v.  14.  cap.  xxiii. 
«'  Ezekielis  prophetse;  "  Curaque  vidiflfet  viros  depiftos  in  pa- 
'•  riete,  imagines  Chaldaeorum,"  &c.  uti  vertit  Hebraica  verba 
"  vulgatiis  interpres  ;  Jtai  eTS'sv  av^ja?  i^ayja^Jn/^iEvouj  em  t5  Toip^w,  eixo- 
«<  v«?  xaxS'aioiv,  juxta  LXX  interpretes.  Et  hinc  mihi  dubium  or- 
««  turn  an  hs  pifturas  fuerint  in  ipfis  ^diuni  parietibus,  an  vero 
«<  in  tabulis  ex  parietibus  fufpenfis  ?  Quominus  enim  tapetiade- 
*«  fio-nari,  ut  mihi  eqiudem  videtur,  polHnt,  faciunt  colores,  vel 
««  certe  minium.**  A  little  below  is  this  queftion  :  "  An  ChaN 
*'  djeorum  piflores  Hierofolymam  venerint,  ibique  artem  fuam 
<<  exercuerint,  an  vero  illi  etiam  k^e  dederint  Judasi,  poAquam 
««  praecipue  Deo  nuntium  remiferunt,  et  profana  numina  colue« 
«'  runt  ?'* 

f  Some  fay  in  Germany,  others,  in  Holland.  See  a  curious 
account  of  the  origin  of  engraving  in  the  Preface  to  the  ••  Chro- 
*•  nological  Series  of  Engravers  j"  Cambiidge,  1770. 

graved 


PREFACE. 

graved  portraits  feems  to  have  been  almofl:  co* 
eval  with  the  art  itfelf  *. 

But  the  greateft  excellency  of  this  art  has 
frequently  brought  it  into  contempt ;  I  mean 
the  multiplication  of  copies;  many  of  which 
have  been  neglecled  and  deflroyed,  merely  be- 
caufe  they  were  multiplied.  The  engraver  is, 
in  this  refpecl:,  the  fame  to  the  painter,  that  the 
printer  is  to  the  author.  I  wiih  I  could  carry 
on  the  parallel,  and  fay  that  the  works  of  both 
come  from  the  prefs  with  additional  beauty  ; 
though  it  is  fayiDo;  a  great  deal,  that  the  pro- 
ductions of  fomc  of  our  modern  artills  go  near 
to  rival  the  pencil  itfelf. 

•  Sir  John  Harington,  in  the  advertifement  to  his  tranflation 
of  ArioRo,  publiihed  in  159?,  tells  us  "that  he  never  but  once 
faw  lAilures  cut  in  brafs  for  any  book  except  his  own  ;  and  that 
that  book  was  Mr.  "roughton's  *«  Treatife  on  the  Revelation," 
8vo  in  which  iie  lays  there  are  three  or  ionr  prettj  pictures.  That 
tlie  other  books  which  he  had  (eeii  in  this  realm,  with  piSlures^ 
were  Livy,  GeTner,  Alciat's  Emblems,  and  a  bookde  Speftris,  in 
Latin  ^  and  in  our  own  '^ongue,  the  Chronicles,  the  Book  of 
Martyrs,  the  oook  of  Hawking  and  Hunting  J,  and  Mr.  Whit- 
ney's Emblems  ;  yet  al!  tneir  figures  were  cut  in  wood."  Ac- 
cording to  John  Piigford,  in  his  Colle(5lions  for  a  Hiftory  of 
Printing,  publifhed  in  rhe  "  P'ulofophical  Tranfadions,"  1707, 
the  roiling  prefs  Wc-s  firit  brought  into  England  by  John  Speed, 
author  of  tlie  H)i;ory  of  Great  Britain,  who  firft  procured  one 
from  A'Ttwerp,  in  1610  :  but  it  is  certain,  from  what  we  are  told 
by  fi'"  j  hn  Hirin^-ton,  and  other  accounts  ||,  that  we  wrought 
offcopf.-!  ''ates  from  fome  engine  or  other,  even  before  Jultus 
Lipfius  if  laid  to  have  invented  it. 


Ill 


X  By  Giorge  Turherville, 

II  See  Mr>  Walpole's  *<  Catalogue  of  Engravers.' 


As 


iv  t*    n    ti    F    A     c    E. 

As  to  the  utility  of  a  colleclion  of  Englifh 
portraits,   it  may  perhaps  be  ftifficient  to  fay, 
that  Mr.   Evelyn,  Mr.  Aflimole,   Mr.   Samuel 
Pepys  fecretary  to  the   admiralty,   Mr.  Tho- 
refby,  and  feveral  gentlemen  of  diftinguifhed 
parts  and  learning,  now    living,    have  made 
confiderable  collections  of  this  kind  *.     But  I 
£hall  borrow  the   following  quotation  from  a 
late  author  f,  who  fays  that  a  collection  is  ufe- 
ful ;  "  Not  fo  much  for  the  bare  entertainment 
«  and  curiofity  that  there  is  in  fuch  artful  and 
«'  beautiful  imitations,  or  the  lefs  folid  intel- 
«  ligence  of  the  different  modes  or  habits,  and 
*«  fafliions  of  the  times,  as  the  more  important 
««  dire^lion  and  fettlement  of  the  ideas,  upori 
"  the  true  form   and  features  of  any  worthy 
«'  and  famous    perfons   reprefented :  and  alfo" 
*«  the  diftinftion  of  families,  and  men  of  fupe- 
"  rlor  merit  in  them,  by  their  arms  and  mot- 
«<  toes,  or  emblematical  allufions  to  their  ac- 
"  tions,  writings,  &c.  the  infcriptions  of  their 
**  titles   of    honour,    preferments,    aftd    moft 
•'  fignal  fervices,  or    other  obfervables,  with 
«*  the    chronological    particulars   thereof:    as 
«'  of   their    birth,   age,    death,    &c,    and  the 
«  fiiort  characters  or  encomiums  of  them,  of- 
"  ten  fubjoined  in  verfe  or  profe ;  befides  the 
««  name  of  painter,  defigner,  graver,  Sec.  and  thd 

•  I  was  lately  informed  that  the  king  of  France  has  a  great 
number  of  EngHfti  portraits,  ranged  in  fome  fort  of  order,  and 
that  his  collediion  is  continually  encreafing, 

t  Mr.  Oldys,  author  of  the  Life  of  Hollar,  in  the  "  Biographia 
«  Britannica." 

**  dates 


PREFACE. 

**  dates  alfo  of  their  performance :  whereby  a 
"  fingle  print,    when   an    artift   is    thoroughly 
*<  apprehenfive,  or  well-advifed,    in  what  he  is 
*'  about, and  will  embrace  the  advantages  or  op- 
*'  portunities  he  may  have,  to  anfwer  the  expcc- 
"  tations  of  the  curious  in   their  various  tailes 
**  and  enquiries,  may  become  a  rich  and  plen- 
"  teons  banquet,  a  full  fpread  table  of  choice 
*'  and  ufeful   communications,  not  only  moft 
"  delightful  to  the  eye,   but  moft  inftrudive  to 
*'  the    mind."     To    ihefe  obfervations   I    fhall 
take  the  liberty  to  add,  that  in  a  collection  of 
this  kind,   the  contents   of  many  galleries  are 
reduced  into  the  narrow  compafs  of  a  few  vo- 
lumes ;    and   the   portraits   of  fuch    as   diftin- 
guifhed  themfelves  for  a  long  fucceilion  of  ao-es 
may  be  turned  over  in  a  few  hours  *. 

Another  advantage  attending  fuch  an  af. 
femblage  is,  that  the  methodical  arrangement 
has  a  furpriling  eiTed  upon  the  memory.  We 
fee  the  celebrated  contemporaries  of  every  age 
almoft  at  one  view,  and  by  cafting  the  eye 
upon  thofe  that  fat  at  the  helm  of  ilate,  and 
the  inftruments  of  great  events,  the  mind  is 
infenfibly  led  to  the  hiftory  cf  that  period  ■f-. 

Tlicre 

•  Whate'cr  was  beauteous,  and  whate'er  was  great."       Pope. 

"f-  "  A  portrait  is  a  fort  of  general  hillory  of  tlie  life  of  t!i« 
"  perfon  it  reprefcnts,  not  only  to  him  who  is  acquainted  with 
*'  it,  but  to  many  others,  w!jo  upon  occafion  of  feeing  it,  are  fre- 
*♦  quently  told  of  what  is  mi)(t  material  concerning  him,  or  his 
«*  general  character  at  leaft  :  the  face  and  figure  is  alfo  defcribed, 
**  and  as  much  of  the  charafter  as  appears  by  thefe,  which  often- 
<'  timet  j«  here  feen  in   a  very  great  degree.     Thefe  therefore 

Vol.  I,  a  »*  many 


vi  PREFACE. 

There  are  alfo  many  curious  particulars 
found  in  the  infcriptions  of  prints,  not  to  be 
met  with  in  any  other  records.  Thefe,  to- 
gether with  the  arms,  mottoes,  and  devices, 
convey  much  the  fame  kind  of  inflruftion  as 
the  reverfes  of  medals  ^.  The  relation  that 
prints  bear  to  paintings,  from  which  they  are 
generally  taken,  is  alfo  a  confiderable  help  in 
leading  to  the  knowledge  of  them.  The  an- 
tiquaries at  Rome  have  recourfe  to  ancient 
coins  to  prove  the  authenticity  of  a  ftatue; 
and  the  collectors  of  portraits  make  the  fame 
ufe  of  prints  in  authenticating  a  pi6lure.  A 
methodical  collection  of  engraved  heads  will 
fetve  as  a  vifible  reprefentation  of  pafl  events, 
become  a  kind  of  /peaking  chronicle,  and  carry 
that  fort  of  intelligence  into  civil  {lory,  that 
in  popilh  times  was  almoil:  the  fole  fupport 
of  religion  5  with  this  difference,  that  inilead 

**  many  times  snfwer  the  ends  cf  hiftorical  piftures,  and  to  re- 
«'  lationsor  friends  give  a  pleafiire  greater  than  any  other  can  J." 
The  fame  author  fays,  «'  that  in  a  good  portrait  we  conceive  a 
*'  better  opinion  of  the  beauty,  good  fenfe,  breeding,  and  other 
*'  good  qualities  of  the  pe:  Ton,  than  from  feeing  themfelves,  and 
**  yet  without  being  able  to  fay  in  what  particular  it  is  unlike; 
<•  for  nature  muft  be  ever  in  view  f."  "  Let  a  man,"  faith  he, 
**  read  a  character  in  ray  lord  Clarendon  (and  certainly  never  waj 
**  there  a  better  painter  in  that  kind),  he  will  find  it  improved 
*'  by  feeing  a  pidure  of  the  fame  perlon  by  Vandyck  ||." 

«  See  Spanhemlus  *'  De  Praeftantia  et  Ufu  Numifmatum  Antl- 
«f  quorum."  See  alfo  Mr.  Addifon's  "  Dialogues  upon  the  Mk- 
"  fiilnefs  of  ancient  Medals,"  and  Evelyn's  "  Numifmata,"  efpe- 
cially  chapter  VIII.  in  which  the  author  treats  largely  "  of  heads 
"  and  effigies  in  prints,  and  taillc-douce,  and  their  ufe  as  they 
**  relate  to  medals." 

J  Jonathan  Richardfcn'a  Works,  p.  179, 
1  P.  247.  11  P.  6. 


PREFACE. 

of  thofe  lying  legends,  and  fabulous  relations, 
which  fpread  error  and  fuperftition  through 
the  minds  of  men  ;  thefe,  by  fhort  and  accurate 
infcriptions,  may  happily  convey,  and  that  in 
a  manner  almoil  infenfible,  real  and  ufeful  in- 
ftruclion.  For  fuch  a  colleftion  will  delight 
the  eye,  recreate  the  mind,  imprefs  the  imagi- 
nation, fix  the  memory,  and  thereby  yield  no 
fmall  affiftance  to  the  judgment. 

There    is  another  great  benefit  that  may  be 
derived   from  this,  and  which  cannot   be  had, 
or   at  leaft   cannot  fo  well  and  eafily  be  had, 
any  other  way.     It  will  eftablifh  in   the  mind 
of  the  attentive  perufer  that  fynchronifm  which 
is  fo  effential  a  part   of  the   Britiili    hiftory ; 
and   in  which,   however,  fome,   otherwife  no 
contemptible  writers,  have  egregioufly  failed. 
For   by   ftudying  fuch   a  collection,    together 
with  the  following  work,  the  perfonal  hiflory 
of  the  illullrious  in  every  rank,  and  in  every 
profeflion,  will  be  referred  to  its  proper  place  ; 
and  ftatefmen,  heroes,  patriots,  divines,  law- 
yers, poets,   and  celebrated  artifts,  will  occupy 
their  refpeclive   llations,   and  be  remembered 
in  the  feveral    periods  in   which    they   really 
flourifhed  :  a  thing  initfelf  of  very  great  confe- 
quence,  and  which  once  thoroughly  attained 
in  this  manner,  more  efpecially  by  young  peo- 
ple, will  be  recollected  with  great  facility,  and 
prove  of  wonderful  fervice  in  reading  hiftories 
and  memoirs  *. 

I  may 

•  Zach.  Conrad  ab  UfFenbach,  who  was  dffervedly  called  the 
Pierelc  of  Germany,   in  the  year  170;},  began  with  avidity  to 

9,  %  colicdl, 


V« 


viii  PREFACE. 

I  may  add  to  this  a  flill  more  important  cir- 
cumftance,  which  is  the  power  that  fuch  a  me- 
thod will  have  in  awakening  genius  ^.  For  as 
Ulyffes  is  faid  to  have  difcovered  Achilles  under 
the  difguife  of  a  female,  by  exhibiting  arms 
and  implements  of  war ;  fo  the  running  over 
thefe  portraits,  together  with  the  fliOrt  cha- 
reclers  of  the  perfons,  will  frequently  excite 
the  latent  feeds  of  a  martial,  phiiofophic, 
poetic,  or  literary  difpofition.  A  fkilful  pre- 
ceptor, when  he  exhibits  fuch  a  collection,  and 
fuch  a  work  as  this  to  his  pupil,  as  a  mere 
amufement,  will  prefently  perceive  the  true 
bent  of  his  temper,  by  his  being  ftruck  with  a 
Blake  or  a  Boyle,  a  Hyde  or  a  Milton.  In 
perfons  of  a  w^arm  and  lively  difpofition  it 
will  appear  at  firft  fight ;  in  thofe  of  a  fedate 
mind,  more  ftowly,  and  perhaps  not  till  after 
frequent  perufal.  But  it  may  be  fafely  alTert- 
ed,  that  if  a  young  perfon  had  real  principles 

colleiS,  and  methodically  to  arrange,  the  prints  cf  perfons  of  emi- 
nence J  with  which,  as  he  acknowledged,  he  grearly  refreflied 
his  mind  and  memory  after  his  feverer  ftudies.  He  was  particu- 
larly cautious  to  procure  genuine  portraits,  rejei^ing  the  ideal  as 
toys  and  trifles  fit  only  for  the  amufement  of  children.  His  friend, 
the  excellent  Schelhorn,  who  ufed  to  afTift  him  in  liis  coUcftions, 
tells  us,  that  he  retained  iiis  paflion  for  this  purfuit  to  the  time 
of  his  death.  See  this  and  more  iir  Schelhorn's  tra<5l  "  De  Studio 
•'  Uffenbachii  Bibliothefario,"  p,  XLVI  to  LIII. 

*  '•'  Nam  fsepe  audivi,  Q.  Maximum.  P.  Scipionera,  prseterea 
"  civitatis  noftrce  prseclaros  viros,  folitos  ita  dicere  :  cum  majo- 
«<  rum  imagines  intuerentur,  vehementiflime  fibi  animum  ad  vir- 
*'  tutem  accendi  ;  fcilicet  non  ceram  illam  neque  figuram  tan- 
"  tarn  vim  in  fefe  habere  ;  fed  memoria  rerum  geftarum  earn 
*'  flammam  egregiis  viris  in  pe^lore  crefcere,  neque  priiis  fedari, 
**  quara  virtus  eorum  famam  atque  gloriam  adxquaverit."  "  Sal- 
*'  luft.  Prafat.  ad  Bellum  Jugurth.'* 

of 


B      R      E      F      A      C      E. 

of  action,  and  a  character  imprefied  by  nature, 
which  is  the  only  folid  foundation  of  a  vigorous 
attachment  to  any  fcience  or  profeffion,  it  is  in 
this  way  moft  likely  to  be  found,  and  ought 
then  to  be  cultivated  with  the  utmod  care  and 
attention  ;  for  the  efforts  of  nature  will  very 
rarely,  if  ever,  deceive. 

I  have  reafon  to  hope,  that  when  the  great 
utility  of  fuch  colle«5lions,  and  of  this  work, 
come  to  be  thoroughly  underflood,  it  may  in- 
cline gentlemen  of  learning,  and  who  have  the 
neceffary  opportunities,  to  enquire  after  and 
bring  to  light  many  portraits  that  have  hitherto 
remained  in  obfcurity,  and  have  ferved  only  as 
ornaments  in  private  families.  It  may  be  re- 
marked, that  in  the  iincaftrated  edition  of 
Holinfhed's  "  Chronicle  *"  there  are  large  ac- 
counts of  fome  great  families,  and  perfons  who 
have  filled  important  employments.  In  Weever's 
**  Funeral  Monumjsnts,"  there  is  a  copious  de- 
tail  of  the  ancient  family  of  the  Howards  ;  and 
in  Ducrdale's  "^  Hillorv  of  Warwickfhire,'* 
there  is  the  like  difplay  of  the  families  of  Beau- 
champ,  from  the  famous  manulcript  hiftory  of 
John  Koffe  the  antiquary. 

I  may  likevt^ife  indulge  myfelf  in  the  ex- 
pectation, that  when  it  is  feen  how  much 
light  may  be  thrown  on  hiftory  by  the  heads 

*  Tlie  uncaftrated  Holingdied  is  extremely  rare :  one  of  tlie 
copies  has  been  known  to  fell  lor  near  45  I.  v.  "  Phoenix  Britan- 
*'  nicus,"  4to.  p.  558. 

a  3  o^ 


IX 


PREFACE. 

of  royal,  noble,  and  remarkable  perfonages, 
greater  care  will  for  the  future  be  taken,  efpe- 
cially  as  the  arts  of  engraving  and  mezzotinto 
are  now  arrived  at  fuch  perfection,  in  tranf- 
mitting,  with  all  poflible  care  and  exaclnefs, 
this  kind  of  prints  to  pofterity ;  and  that  due 
attention  will  be  paid  to  propriety  and  cor- 
rednefs,  more  efpeciaily  in  refpefl  to  dates, 
in  all  the  infcriptions  that  are  placed  under 
and  over  them  :  by  which  means  many  mate- 
rial informations  may  be  given,  the  neglect  of 
which,  in  earlier  times,  is  juftly  regretted ; 
and  many  errors  and  millakes  prevented,  which 
embarrafs  the  hiftorical  memoirs  of  former 
ages  J. 

As  colleflions  of  engraved  portraits,  however 
ufeful  in  themfelves,  have  Iain  under  the 
fame  prejudices  with  ancient  coins,  and  have 
been  generally  efteemed  as  little  more  than 
empty  amufements ;  I  have  endeavoured,  at 
leaft,  to  point  out  a  method  to  render  them 
of  real  utility  to  the  curious,  who  by  form- 
ing a  colledion  m.ay  fupply  the  defeat  of 
Engiilh   medals  "*.     Though   nothing    is  more 

ufeful, 

X  See  a  very  ingenious  and  appofite  paflage  on  the  utility  of 
portraits  of  great  men,  in  the  "  Melanges  d'Hiftoire  et  de  Lite- 
"  rature,*''by  Dom.  Bonaventure  d'Argogne,  under  the  feigned 
name  of  De  Vigneul  Marville,  torn,  iii-  edit.  4.  Paris,  1725,  p. 
386. 

*  See  Mr.  Evelyn's  "  Numifmata,"  where  he  recommends 
fuch  a  colleftion  with  that  view.  See  alfo  an  account  of  the  de- 
feft  of  Englifh  medals  in  the  "  Guardian,"  No.  96.  Dr.  Swiff, 
In  order  to  fupply  this  defeft,  pvopofed  to  lord  Oxford,  to  coin 

halfpencf 


PREFACE. 

ufeful,  I  have  feldom,  in  repolitories  of  print?, 
feen  any  thing  like  order:  the  poetafter  ht* 
quently  takes  place  of  the  poet,  and  the  pe- 
dant of  the  man  of  genius  j  John  Ogiiby  is 
exalted  above  Mr.  Dryden,  and  Alexander 
Rofs-j-  has  the  precedence  of  fir  Walter  Ra- 
legh, becaufe  engraved  by  a  better  hand.  The 
following  catalogue,  which  is  carried  down  to 
the  Revolution,  is  chiefly  compiled  from  the 
valuable  collections  of  the  honourable  Horace 
Walpole,  and  James  Weft,  efq.  {  to  whom, 
and  to  fir  William  Mufgrave,  I  acknowledge 
myfelf  under  a  very  great  obligation,  for 
their  copious  communications  and  ready  af- 
fiftance  in  the  courfe  of  this  compilation.  I 
am  at  a  lofs  to  exprefs  my  gratitude  to  fir  Wil- 
liam Mufgrave,  who  upon  every  occafion  af. 
fitted  me  with  his  advice,  fupplied  me  with 
books,  and  favoured  me  with  the  ufe  of  two 
large  volumes  of  Englifh  heads,  collected  by  the 
late  Mr.  Thorefby  of  Leeds,  which  are  now 
in  his  pofl'eflion.  My  thanks  are  in  a  parti- 
cular manner  due  to  Mr.  Walpole,  who  with 
his  own  hand  did  me  the  honour  to  add  to 
the  catalogue  a  defcription  of  many  heads  not 
found  in   Mr.   Weft's   collections.     My  very 

grate- 
halfpence  and  farthings  with  various  infcriptions  and  devices,  al- 
luding to  the  moft  fignal  events  in  the  courfe  of  queen  Anne'» 
reign. 

f  The  continuator  of  Ralegh's  Hiftory. 
%  Deceafed  fince  this  preface  was  written. 
•  I  muft  alfo  acknowledge  myfelf  greatly  indebted  to  Mr. 
■yValpole,  in  my  accounts  of  Artiits:  and  for  the  firft  hint  of  the 

a  4  pUrn 


Xi 


xii  PREFACE. 

grateful  acknowledgments  are  due  to  the  dut- 
chefs-dowager  of  Portland,  for  the  fight  of  a 
fine  collection  of  heads  at  Bulllrode,  and  for 
other  favours,  conferred  in  the  moft  obliging 
manner,  by  her  grace.  I  am  proud  to  own 
my  obligations  to  fo  diflinguifhed  a  writer  as 
Dr.  Campbell,  for  feveral  ufeful  obfervations 
in  this  preface,  and  alfo  for  notices  of  various 
perfons  mentioned  in  the  enfuing  work.  I 
muft  alfo  gratefully  acknowledge,  tliat  I  have 
received  the  greateft  afliftance  from  a  truly 
worthy  and  judicious  gentleman  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Reading,  though  1  am  not  at  li- 
berty to  mention  his  name.  But  his  extra- 
ordinary parts  and  extenfjve  learning,  efpe- 
cially  in  the  hiftory  and  antiquities  of  our  own 
country,  have  rendered  him  more  known  than 
his  great  modefty  ever  inclined  him  to  bej  as 
merit  of  every  kind  will  fooner  or  later  dif- 
cover  itfelf.  I  can,  with  the  utmoft  truth, 
spply  to  him  what  fir  Richard  Steel  fays  of 
his  excellent  tutor,  Dr.  Ellis ;  that  *'  he  is 
"  above  the  temptation  of  (what  is  always  in 
*'  his  power)  being  famous." 

I  muft  here  inform  the  reader,  that  the  col- 
ledlion  of  Englifh  heads,  in  twenty-three  vo- 
lumes folio,  which  was  in  the  pofTeffion  of 
}ames  Weft,  efq.  was  of  great  ufe  to  me;  as 
was  alfo  Mr.  Jofeph  Ames's  catalogue  of  about 

pbn  of  this  work,  communicated  to  me  by  a  gentleman  who  had 
feen  the  fine  collection  of  heads  at  Strawberry  Hill.  That  this 
acknowledgment  was  jiot  made  before,  is  entirely  owing  to  an 
overfight. 

tw© 


PREFACE. 

two  thoufand  heads,  in  ten  volumes  folio  and 
quarto,  co'kBed  by  the  late  Mr  Nickolls,  F.  R.  S. 
I  was  aiTured,  from  what  1  thought  the  moft 
unqueftionabie  authority,  that  this  coUedion 
whence  Mr.  Ames  took  his  catalogue,  was  pur- 
chafed  by  Mr.  Weft*.  1  have  not  followed 
the  example  of  M.  Ames,  in  defcriding  the 
drefs  of  each  perfon  •,  but  have  generally  made 
feme  remarks  on  the  dreffes  of  the  times,  at 
the  end  of  the  feveral  reigns-,  and  to  avoid 
fwelling  the  work  to  too  great  a  bulk,  I  have 
retained  only  as  much  of  the  infcription  as 
was  necefiary  to  afcertain  the  print,  or  inform  , 
the  reader  of  any  thing  particularly  memorable, 
in  relation  to  the  perfon.  I  have,  for  the  di- 
rection of  collectors,  followed  the  example  of 
Mr.  Afhmole,  in  referring  to  many  of  the 
books  before  which  the  heads  are  to  be  found  -f-. 
I  have  frequently  defcribed  variety  of  prints 
of  the  fame  perfon;  but  as  they  were  generally 
done    at   different  periods  of  his  life,    or  by 

*  Dr.  Ducarel  did  rae  the  honour  to  inform  me,  in  a  letter, 
that  on  the  2&th  of  December,  1771,  he  called  on  Dr.  Fothergillj 
and  that,  going  into  his  library,  he  did  there  fee  and  handle  Mr, 
Nickolls's  original  colleflion  of  English  heads;  and  that  Dr. 
Fothergiil  bought  it  of  Mr.  Nickolls's  father,  after  his  deceafe, 
for  eighty  guineas  ;  and  that  they  have  never  been  out  of  his 
pofleflion,  fince  he  became  mailer  of  them.  Were  I  to  give  the 
reader  a  detail  of  my  anthonties  for  Mr.  Weft's  being  the  pro- 
prietor of  this  colleftion,  it  would  be  a  fingular  yiftance  of  the 
difficulty  of  finding  Tiuth  ;  who  fometimes  lurks  at  the  bottom 
of  her  weil,  when  (he  is,  in  appearance,  before  our  eyes.  I  am 
now  fully  convinced  that  Dr.  Fothergiil  is  the  owner  of  the  prints 
jn  queftion, 

t  He  ufually  made  memorandums  under  his  heads  from  what 
books  they  were  taken. 

different 


xiu 


xiv  PREFACE. 

different  hands,  there  needs  no  apology  for  in- 
lerting  them  •,  and  efpecially,  as  by  comparing 
the  feverai  portraits,  the  true  likenefs  may  with 
more  certainty  be  determined. 

As  the  method  of  the  catalogue  is  hiftorical, 
there  was  the  lefs  occafion  for  the  Sketches,  or 
great  Outlines,  of  perfonal  hiftory,  and  the 
brief  anecdotes  which  I  have  added.  But  thefe 
I  have  ftudied  to  make  as  concife  as  poilible : 
they  fufficiently  anfwer  my  purpofe,  if  they 
give  the  reader  a  general  idea  of  the  charafter 
'  of  each  perfon,  and  afford  a  hint  to  fome  abler 
hand  to  reduce  our  biography  to  fyflem. 

I  did  not  think  myfelf  obliged  to  quote  my 
authors  upon  every  occafion;  but  have  always 
endeavoured  to  apply  to  fuch  as  are  of  the 
beft  authority,  both  for  my  coUedions  and 
anecdotes. 

1  have  been  alfo  particularly  careful  with  re- 
fpeft  to  dates,  in  which  there  are  doubtlefs 
fome  feeming  contradidions,  occafioned  by  the 
different  cuftoms  among  our  chronologifts  of 
beginning  the  year  with  the  firfl  of  January, 
and  the  twenty-fifth  of  March.  Hence  it  is 
not  unufual  to  find,  that  the  fame  perfon  died 
on  the  fame  day  of  the  month  for  two  years 
fucceffively  *,  I  have  added  the  dates  of  en- 
graving 

•  The  following  abfurditles,  among  many  others,  were  occa- 
fioned by  thefe  different  computations.     Ini667,  there  were  t\vo 
^  Eafterss 


«< 


PREFACE. 

graving  to  fome  of  Smith's  heads,  from  an  au- 
thentic manufcript,  communicated  by  the  late 
Mr.  Mac  Ardell,  and  copied  from  a  catalogue 
of  Smith's  hand-writing.. — It  will  perhaps  be 
objeclcc!  that  I  have  given  a  place  to  mean 
engraving?,  and  prints  of  obfcure  perfons  :  but 
whoever  ftudies  for  a  ufeful  colledion  fhould 
make  it  numerous ;  if  for  an  elegant  one,  he 
may  felecl  fuch  as  pleafe  his  eye»  and  are  con- 
formable to  his  tafte.  Of  many  perfons  there 
are  none  but  meanly  engraved  heads ;  but  I 
can  eafily  imagine  that  the  meaneft  that  is  de- 
fcribed  in  the  following  work  may  preferve  the 
likenefs,  which  is  the  effence  of  a  portrait,  and 
might  ferve  to  afcertain  a  doubtful  picture  *. 
And  this  is  the  more  probable,  as  mofl  of  the 
prints  were  engraved  when  the  perfons  repre- 
fented  were  well  known,  and  any  one  could 
judge  of  the  refemblance. 

As   to  the  obfcurity  of  the  perfons,  though 
there  are   a  few  whofe  merit  is  derived  merely 
from  the  painter  or  engraver  f ,  and  fome  au- 
thors 

Eafters;  the  firft  on  the  twenty-fifth  of  April,  and  the  fecond 
on  the  twenty-fecond  of  March  following  :  and  there  were  three 
different  denominations  of  the  year  of  our  Lord  affixed  to  three 
State-Papers,  which  were  publiflied  in  one  week  ;  namely,  his 
majelly's  fpeech,  dated  1732-3  ;  the  addreis  of  the  houfe  of  lords, 
1732}  the  addrefs  of  the  houfe  of  commons,  1733. 

•  Mr.  Walpole  authenticated  a  portrciit  of  Richard  Cromwell, 
painted  by  Cooper,  from  a  head  engraved  by  J.  Gammon  3  who, 
fays  Vertue,  could  hardly  be  called  an  engraver,  fo  poor  were  hit 
performances.     Seethe  "Catalogue  of  Engravers." 

f  Good  heav'n  !  that  fots  and  knaves  fhould  be  fo  vain 
To  wifh  their  vile  refemblance  may  remain. 

Ana 


XV 


xvi  PREFACE. 

tliors  v.'ho  have  written  volumes  of  inanity 
that  deferve  to  perifh  ;  yet  there  are  others, 
whofe  names  are  now  forgotten,  v/ho  were 
jufiily  celebrated  in  their  time  :  and  one  reafon 
for  making  colledlicns  of  t\\h  kind,  is  to  per- 
petuate the  memory  of  fuch  as  have  deferved 
well  of  pofteiity,  though  their  works  have 
fcarce  reached  it.  It  is  fortunate  for  thefc 
authors  that  there  are  fuch  repolitcries,  and 
that  the  engraved  plate,  as  well  as  the  im- 
prcfied  metal, 

<= Faithful  to  its  charge  of  fair  :, 

^'  Through  climes  and  ages,  bears  each  form 
**  and  nam^."*  Pope  ^. 

-  Bat  how  would  it  allay  the  thirft  of  fame  in 
a  writer,  if  he  could  forefee  that  the  perpe- 
tuity which  he  promifcs  his  produdions  will 
\)t  limited  to  their  frontifpiocc  ;  and  that  a 
few  days  work  of  an  engraver  will,  in  the 
next  age,  be  preferred  to  the  labours  of  his 

lifefT 

But 

And  ftand  recorded  at  their  own  reqiieft. 
To  future  times,  a  libel  or  a  jf  ft, 

Dryden. 

The  author  is  well  '(Tarpcl  tha*^  h'^^  Hiall  he  accufed  of  vanity, 
and  confequently  of  foily,  in  prefixing  his  own  portrait  to  this 
work.  He  has  nothing  to  alledge  in  his  exciife,  but  thit  it  was 
originally  placed  there  at  the  repeated  requeft  of  a  perion  of  dif- 
ti^ion,  to  whom  he  had  obligations.  To  look  the  world  in  the 
face  without  a  blufli  was  neither  his  volunta-y  aft,  nor  is  it  con- 
formable to  his  charafter. 

•  Vcrfes  occafioncd  by  Mr.  Addlfon's  "  Dialogaes  on  Medals.'' 

t  It  appears  from  the  i86th  Epif:rair.  of  the  XIV.  book  of  Mar- 
rial,   where  fpeaking  of  Virgil's  works  lie  fays, 

"  Qiiam 


PREFACE. 

But  the  engraved  portrait  of  an  author^ 
whatever  is  the  fate  of  his  works,  might  fall 
remain  an  honorary  memorial  of  him.  There 
is  much  the  fame  kind  of  exiflence  in  the  iha- 
dow  of  a  man's  perfon,  that  there  is  in  the 
found  of  his  name,  the  utmofl  a  poflhumous 
fame  can  attain  to  ;  an  exiflence  which  num- 
bers have  too  eagerly  fought  for,  with  infinite 
difquiet  to  themfelves  and  the  reft  of  man- 
kind  ^-. 

As  painters  and  engravers  of  portraits  have 
met  with  encouragement  in  England,  I  flatter 
myfelf  that  this  firfl  attempt  towards  a  me- 
thodical catalogue  of  Englifli  heads  will  meet 

s 

"  Q^:^m  brevis  imTnenfum  ccpit  membrana  Maronem ! 
•'"Iplius  vultus  prima  tabella  geiit  j 

that  it  v.as  a  cufiotn  am'jng  the  ancients  for  authors  to  prefix 
their  pii51ures  to  their  works.  This  is  meiitionttl  in  ths  "  Me- 
"  nagiana,"  torn.  i.  p.  14.1,  where  there  is  (till  further  proof  of 
the  antiquity  of  this  praftice. 

•  At  page  173  of  Vincentii  Paravlcini  "  SIngularia  de  Vjris 
Eruditione  claris,"  Centurias  ties,  Bifil.  1713$  mention  is  made 
of  feveral  eminent  perfons  of  the  Jaft  age  who  would  neither 
hare  their  portraits  painted  nor  engraved.  Their  number  might 
cafily  be  enlarged,  by  inftances  in  prececiing  ages.  There  is 
great  reafon  to  believe  that  fome  of  thefe  perfons  could,  by  no 
means,  be  perfuaded  to  have  their  pictures  drawn,  left  witches 
and  forcerers  (hould  make  ufe  of  tiieni  for  incantations.  Others 
have  declined  it  from  pride,  which  frequently  afTumes  the  guife 
ofmodefty.  Monf.  Dajier,  the  medallift,  as  well  as  De  la  Tour, 
the  painter,  could  not  prevail  on  baron  Montcfquieu  to  fit  for 
liis  portrait,  till  the  former,  with  an  air  of  pleafantry,  faid  to 
him,  "  Do  not  you  think  that  there  is  as  much  pride  in  refufing 
my  requeft  as  there  would  appear  in  granting  it  ?'  Upon  this  he 
prefcntly  yielded. 

with 


xvu 


xviii  PREFACE. 

with  pardon,  if  not  with  approbation,  from 
the  curious ;  which  I  am  perfuaded  it  would 
more  eafily  do,  if  the  reader  knew  under  v/hat 
difadvantages  the  author,  who  lives  in  the  ob- 
fcurity  of  the  country,  has  laboured  in  the 
couri'e  of  the  work. 

I  fhall  only  add,  that  the  colle^lor  of  prints 
might  further  improve  himfelf  in  the  know- 
ledge of  perfonal  hiftory  from  engraved  coins 
and   medals  ^.     In   Speed's   "  Chronicle"    are 
medals  of  as  many  of  the  Roman  emperors  as 
had  any  concern   with  Britain  ;  a  confiderable 
number  of   coins  of  the  Saxon,  Danifli,  and 
Anglo-Saxon  kings  ^  and  a  complete  feries  of 
coins  and  feals  from  William  the  Conqueror  to 
James   the  Firft,  cut  in  wood  with  great  exr 
aftnefs,  from  the  origmals  in  the  Cotton  Col- 
lection,  by  Chriftoplier  Switzer.     In  the  old 
and  new   editions  of  Camden's   "  Britannia,'* 
are   various    coins  from    the   fame   collection. 
Mr.  Evelyn  has  publillied  a  book  of  medals  in 
folio;  Vertue  has  engraved  an  elegant  volume 
in  quarto  of  the  medals  of  the  famous  Simon  ; 
Dr.  Ducarel  has  publifhed  a  curious  book  of 
coins  of  our  ancient  kings;  and  Mr.  Folkes 
a  colleftion  from  the   Conqueft,  in   lixtyone 
plates  f .    There  are  alfo   feveral  plates  in  Dr. 
Hickes's    "  Thefaurus ;"    a  large   one  in   Mr. 

*  Much  may  be  learned  alfo  from  tombs  and  cenotaphs. 

f  There  are  forae  plates  of  coins  in  Martin  Leake's  "  Hiftorical 
Account  of  Englilh  Money,"  fecond  edit.  174.5  >  8vo, 

7  Tho- 


PREFACE. 

Thorefby's  "  Mufeum  -,"  and  a  great  variety 
of  medals  ftruck  in  the  reigns  of  William  and 
Mary,  Anne,  and  George  the  Firft,  engraved 
for  the  "  Continuation  of  Rapin's  Hiftory.'* 
Some  of  our  Englifh  coins  were  engraved 
by  Francis  Perry ;  and  there  are  many  en- 
gravings in  Mr.  Snelling's  "  Treatifes  of 
"  the  Gold,  Silver,  and  Copper  Coinage  of 
«'  England.'* 


Six 


N< 


Notr,  that  the  heads  in  each  clafs  of  the  firft  article  are 
placed  according  to  the  order  of  the  reigns  in  which  the 
perfons  flourifhed.  The  prints  defcribed  by  large  h.  fl)i 
i.  e.  large  half  fheet,  are  fuch  as  are  fometimes  printed 
on  paper  of  the  imperial  fize,  or  on  an  ordinary  flieet. 
Si^ch  as  are  diftinguifhed  by  IHuJi.  Head,  belong  to  the 
fet  of  portraits  engraved  by  Houbraken  and  Vertue. 
When  the  names  of  Stent,  Cooper,  he.  are  fimply 
mentioned  in  the  defcriptions  of  prints,  they  denote 
that  thefe  people  fold,  or  wrought  them  ofF  at  the  roll- 
ing-prefs.  Dates  of  promotions,  in  the  margin,  relate 
precifely  to  the  rank  or  office  in  which  the  perfons  ftand 
in  their  refpedive  clafles. 


THE 


THE 


HISTORY 


O  F 


ENGLAND,      6cc. 

ARTICL.E    I. 
From  EGBERT   to   HENRY   VIIL 

CLASS    I. 
KINGS,  and  Others,  of  the  ROYAL 
FAMILIES  OF   ENGLAND. 

G  B  E  R  T,  king  of  the  Weft  Saxons^  firft  ^tP;;^'^'^'^ 
monarch  of  all  England;  a  medallion, from    '^^'" 
a  fdver  coin;  Vertue  fculp.  half  fheet — En- 
graved for  Rapin's  "  Hifiory,^'     There  is  a  ft  of 
beads  by  Vertue,  for  the  odavo  edition  of  the  fame 
book. 

The  hiftory  of  England,  during  the  Hept- 
archy, is,  perhaps,  the  leaft  interefting,  and  the 
moft  barren  of  great  events,  of  any  hiftory  of 
the  like  period,  in  the  annals  of  any  nation. 
It  is  an  almoft  uninterrupted  feries  of  violence, 
wars,  and  maflfacres,  among  petty  tyrants,  moft 
of  whom  were  a  difgrace  to  the  human  fpecies. 
Egbert,  who  was  born  with  talents  to  conquer 
and  to  govern,  reduced  the  Heptarchy  into  one 
kingdom  II;  and  defended  his  new  conqueft  HAnnoSzri 
with  the  fame  vigour  as  he  acquired  it.     Ob. 

838.  Rapln. 

Vol.  L     ^  B  7E  L- 


2  TheHISTORY        Class  t 

Bipn^ their  ^LFREDUS  MAGNUS,  &c.  Vcrtuefc. 
"'I^i.  half  Jhest.  From  an  ancient  pi5fure  at  \Jniv$rfity 
College  in  Oxford ;  alfo  from  an  ancient  flone  head, 
Tiow  in  Oxford.  At  the  bottom  of  the  plate^  he  is 
reprefented  as  a  common  minjlrel,  playing  in  the  Danijh 
camp. 

The  (lory  of  his  going  into  the  enemies  camp 
in  this  difguife  is  extremely  improbable ;  as  it 
is  not  mentioned  by  Affer  bifhop  of  Sherborne, 
who  was  cotemporary  with  Alfred,  and  the 
molt  authentic  writer  of  his  life*. 

^LFREDus  MAGNUS  •,  Vertue  fc.  ^vo. 

^LFREDus  MAGNUS;  a  fmall  head-picce,  Ver- 
tue  fc. 

JElfredus  MAGNUS  ;  a  fmall  tail-piece^  Ver^ 
iuefc. 

Thefe  three  lafl:   were  engraved  for  Afler's 

«  Life   of  King   Alfred,"    publilhed  by  Mr. 

Wife,  8vo,  1722. 

Alt REDvs  Saxcnum  rex ',  Faher  f.  17 12,  large 
^to  ',  one  of  the  fet  of  founders  •\. 

A  head  of  Alfred  •,  from  a  manufcript  in  the 
Bodleian  library.     M.  Burghers  fc. 

The  title  of  Great,  which  has  been  laviflied 
on  the  deftroyers  and  plunderers  of  mankind, 
was  never  more  defervedly  given  than  to  Alfred, 
who  had  in  his  character  a  happy  mixture  of 
every  great  and  good  quality  that  could  dignify 
or  adorn  a  prince.  Having  refcued  his  coun- 
try from  flavery,  he  enafted  excellent  laws,  built 
a  fleet,  reftcred  learning,  and  laid  the  founda- 
tion of  the  Englifh  conftitution.     Ob.  90c,  as 

•  See  what  an  ingenious  writer  has  faid  upon  this  fubjei^,  very 
lately,  in  the"  Reliques  of  Ancient  Enghfh  Poetry,  "vol.  i.  p.  16. 

+  This  {'et  of  prints,  done  in  mezzotinto,  by  John  Faber  the 
elder,  are  in  large  4-to,  or  fmall  folio.  They  have  been  printed 
with  the  additions  of  borders,  and  fome  of  them  have  been  copied. 

Garte 


Class  I.        of    ENGLAND.  3 

Carte  has  fufficiently  proved  in  his  "  Hiltory  of  ^^g^"  ^^^" 
England,"  vol.  i.  p.  316.      The  monument  at     '''^"'* 
Driffield  in  Yorkfhire,   erefted  in  memory  of 
Alfred,   a  learned  king  of  the  Northumbrians, 
who  died  in  704,  has  been  miftaken  for  this 
king's,  who  was  buried  at  Winchefter. 

C  A  N  U  T  E  the  Dane  j  Vertue  fc.  h.Jh.  From 
o  Jilver  coin, 

Canute  poflcfled  himfelf  of  the  kingdom,  1017. 
after  his  countrymen  had  ftruggled  for  it  above 
200  years.  In  the  beginning  of  his  reign,  he 
ftruck  terror  into  his  new  fubjedts,  by  the  many 
facrifices  he  made  to  his  crown,  and  by  the  ri- 
gour of  his  adminiftration.  But  when  he  found 
himfelf  in  fecure  poflefllon  p.f  the  throne,  he  re- 
laxed the  reins  of  government,  and  grew  popu- 
lar. In  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  to  atone  for 
his  many  a<fts  of  violence,  he  built  churches, 
endowed  monafteries,  and  imported  reliques*; 
and  had  indeed  a  much  better  tirle  to  faintfhip 
than  many  of  thofe  that  difgrace  the  Roman 
calendar.     Oh.   107,6. 

EDWARD  the  confessor;  drawn  and  en- 
graved by  James  S?nith,  from  the  altar  windoiv  of 
Rumford  church,  h.  fh.     ^his  window  is  modern. 

There  is  an  ancient  wooden  print  of  him  iii 
Caxton's  "  Lives  of  the  Saints." 

Edward  the  ConfefTor  was  more  celebrated     io4^» 
for  his  piety,  juftice,  and  humanity,   than  for 
his  capacity  for  government.     His  denying  the 
rights  of  the  marriage-bed  to  his  amiable  queen 
Editha,  is  extolled  by  the  monkifli  writers,  as 

_  *  He  commiffioned  an  agent  at  Rome  to  purchafe  St.  Auguf- 
tine's  arm  for  one  hundred  talents  of  filver  and  one  of  gold ;  a 
much  greater  fum  than  the  finelt  ftatue  of  antiquity  would  thea 
have  fold  for. 

B  2  a  fignal 


taSSf 


4  The    HISTORY        Class  L 

Eepn  iheV     a  fignal  inflance  of  heroic  chaftity,  and  contri- 

*'^"'"  buted  to  gaift  him  the  title  of  Saint  and  Con- 

feffor.     He  was  the  firft  that  touched  for  the 

king's  evil  *.   0^.  5.  Jan.  1066.    Canonized  by 

Alexander  the  Third,  1165. 

HAROLD,  a  whole  length ;  an  outline  only^ 
from  F.  MontfaucorCs  "  Monumens  de  la  Monnr' 
chie  Francoifcy*  vol.  i. />.  402.  It  is  the  fir jt  flats 
in  Dr.  Ducarers  "  Anglo-JNorman  Antiquities'^ 

Harold,  fon  of  earl  Godwin  by  his  fecond 
wife,  niece  of  Canute,  was,  for  his  virtues,  as 
well  as  his  great  and  amiable  qualities,  worthy 
of  the  throne  which  he  afcended  upon  the  death 
of  the  Confeflbr,  his  brother-in-law.  The  Eng- 
lifh  were  happy  under  his  adminiftration,  during 
the  reign  of  that  bigotted  and  weak  prince.  He 
greatly  fell  at  the  battle  of  Haftings,  and  with 
him  the  liberties  of  his  country,  14  0<5t.  1066. 

K.  WILLIAM  the  conqueror  -,  Vertue 
fc.  h,Jh.  .After  three  fiher  coins  of  him,  and  a  fmall 
illumination  in  "  Domes-day  Book  -j-." 

William 

•  Mr.  Whifton  imputes  tbe  cure  of  the  evil  to  the  prayer  ufed 
at  tlie  time  of  touching  ||  5  Mr.  Carte,  to  the  royal  touch  ;  and  he 
endeavours  to  prove  the  power  of  curing  to  be  hereditary.  See 
"Whifton's  "  Life,"  by  hirafelf,  and  Carte's  '*  Hiftory  of  Eng- 
land." 

t  The  moft  authentic  prints  of  our  monarchs  extant,  are  the 
large  heads  engraved  by  Vertue ;  who  has  alfo  engraved  the  heads 
ot  the  kings  fi-om  the  Conqueft,  in  one  quarto  plate ;  and  an- 
other fet,  confuting  of  four  plates  in  oilavo,  for  Salmon's  "Chro- 
roicgical  Killorian."  In  Raftell's  Chronicle,  entitled,  "  The 
I'aftyme  of  the  people,"  are  folio  prints  of  the  king's  of  England^ 
from  the  Conqueror  to  Richard  III.  They  are  wliole  lengths, 
cut  in  wood,  and  have  an  uncommon  merit  for  that  age.  Hol- 
land, who  publifiied  the  "  Heroologia  Anglica,"  has  alfo  publifhed 
a  volume  of  heads  of  the  kings,  from  the  Conqueft  to  the  year 
1618.  Thefe  prints  are  the  fame  with  thofe  in  Martin's  "  Chro- 
jvicle,"  except  the  title  and  the  head  of  William  I.  liondius  has 
engraved  many  heads  of  our  kings  j  and  Vandrebanc  u  fet  after 

U  Epift.  of  St,  Jaraeoj  ch^p.  "!?.  vcr,  141 

Lutterera 


Class  I.  of    ENGLAND..  5 

William   the  conqueror,  >q    whole    /^-wo-/;??  .^  Began  their 
formerly  painted  on  a  vyall  of  the  abbey  of  St.  Stephen^    "^"'* 
iit  Caen  in  Normandy.     Copied  from  Montfaucon's 
*'  Monumens  de  la  Monarchie  Francoife^^   t.  \.  p, 
55*.     Jn  Dr.  Ducarers  ^^ '^Anglo-Gallic  Coins, ^^ plats 
6,  No.  75  f. 

W I L  L I A  M  t  h  e'c  o  N<iij  E  R  OR ,  attended  by  his  guards^ 
and  conferring  a  grant  of  lands  on  Alan,  earl  of  Bre^ 
tagne :  a  curious  print,  before  "  Regijtrum  Honoris 
de  Richmond,'^  puhlifued  from  "  Domes-day  Book^'*  by 
Roger  Gale,  1722,  fol. 

Thefe  prints  of  William  the  Conqueror  are 
very  unlike  each  other.  Accuracy  of  draw- 
ing is  not  to  be  cxped:ed  in  an  age,  in  which 
the  generality  of  artirts  had  not  arrived  at 
fufficient  precifion  to  diftinguilh  betwixt  a 
monkey  and  a  man. 

William,  duke  of  Normandy,  gained  a  com-     1066, 
plete  vidory  over  Harold  at  the  battle  of  Haf- 
lings,  in  which  above  30,000  men  were  flain. 

lAitterel's  drawings.  Vertue's  large  heads  have  been  copied  for 
a  "  Hlltory  of  England,''  publifhed  by  Walker,  under  the  name 
of  James  Robin  Ion,  efq.  It  fliould  be  obferved,  that  Vandrebanc 
engraved  the  prints  or  our  kings  and  ([neens  to  Elizaiaeth  j  and 
that  the  feries,  done  for  Kennet's  "  Compleat  Hiftory,"  is  conti- 
nued to  Anne  by  other  hands.  Several  of  them,  cat  in  wood,  are 
in  Grafton's  "  Chronicle."  There  is  aJfo  a  fet  in  wood  pnbliflied 
by  T.  T.  (Thomas  Timmes),  1597,  fee  Ames's  "  Hilt,  of  Print- 
ing," p.  432.  The  fet  of  etchings,  in  o6lavo,  whole  lengths, 
from  William  I.  to  Elizabeth,  are,  for  the  moft  part,  ideal :  then" 
arms  are  upon  their  fliields.  Another  fet,  from  the  Conqueror  to 
Charles  II.  is  in  Matthew  Stephenfon's  '<  Florus  Britannicus," 
j66i,  fol.  A  confiderable  number  of  thefe  are  done  by  Elftracke, 
and  fome  by  Delaram  :  the  plates  are  nearly  of  a  quarto  fize.  T!ie  . 
beit  impreffions  were  publiftied  by  Compton  Holland,  in  a  fet  en- 
titled "  Baziologia,"i6i8.  George  King  has  engraved  folio  prints 
of  feveral  of  our  monarchs :  many  of  their  heads  are  in  Gardiner's 
"  Hlftory  of  the  Coal-Trade  at  Newcaftle.  " 

*  In  this  book  are  various  moninuental  efii2;ies  of  our  ancient 
monarchs,  fome  of  which  are  copied  in  Dr.  Ducarel's  "  Ang!  .>• 
Norman    Antiquities." 

t  In  thefiiltletter  of  this  book,  is  a  good  account  of  the  writers 
<jn  Englilli  coins. 

B  3  On 


t  The    history        Class  Tj 

Began  their     Qii  the  fpot  whcrc  this  decifive  battle  was  foughtj 
^'^"^"  he  ereftcd  an  abbey  of  Benediflines,  the  remains 

of  which  lately  belonged  to  the  lord  vifcount 
Sometimes  Montaciue  of  Cowdray,  near  Midhurfl-,  in  Suf- 
MontT'.u.  ^^^-  Upon  his  acceffion  to  the  throne,  lie  en- 
deavoured to  reconcile  hinifelf  to  a  people  who 
could  by  no  means  be  reconciled  to  him,  by  the 
gentle  methods  of  lenity  and  indulgence.  But 
finding  the  nation  extremely  averfe  from  a  fo- 
reign yoke,  however  eafy,  he  ruled  with  all  the 
rigour  and  jealoufy  of  a  conqueror. — Ob.  9.  Sept. 
1087.  The  forvey  taken  in  this  reign,  of  all  the 
lands  in  England,  called  "  Domes-day  Book," 
is  the  mort  ancient  record  in  the  kingdom,  and 
is  of  fmgular  ufe  in  regulating  afielTments,  af- 
ccrtaining  limits,  &c. 

WILLIAM  II.  furnamed  RUFUS;  Ver- 

iuefc.  h.fid.    Done  after  the  tim  filver  coins  affigmd 
to  him  by  the  Antiqiiarians. 

9  Sep,  William  Rufus,  who  found  the  kingdom  to- 

?"87.  (gjjy  ftibdued  to  his  hands,  ruled  with  more  le- 
nity than  his  father ;  but  he  was  in  his  nature 
difpofed  to  be  equally  violent  and  tyrannical; 
and  his  avarice,  which  feems  to  have  been  his 
predominant  pallion,  prompted  him  to  be  more 
rapacious.  He  built  the  city  of  Carlifle  *,  the 
Tower  of  London,  Wellminfter-Hali,  and 
London-Bridge. 

HENRICUS  \.^Y.:^;Vertuefc.h.Jh.  From 
a  /liver  coin  ;  and  -partly  from  a  broad  feal  of  waXy 
now  extant. 

*  William  Kufns  built  To  large  a  part  of  Carlifle,  thnt  lie  has; 
been  confidered  as  the  founder  of  tliat  city,  wliicli  is  of  greater 
antiquity.  It  was  deftrpyed  by  the  Danes,  and  began  to  be  re- 
built l)y  William  tiie  Conqueror.  Some  of  Rufus's  buildings 
are  remarkably  magnificent. 

Henry 


Class  I; ,         o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  7 

Henry  I.  youngeft  fon  of  William  the  Con-  ^^P"  '^"' 
queror  gained  the  crown  by  ufurpation,  and  ^i^ioJ. 
defended  it  with  vigour  and  dexterity.  His 
engaging  perfon  and  addrefs,  his  courage, 
learning,  and  eloquence,  have  been  much  cele- 
brated. The  greateit  blemifh  of  his  reign  was 
his  putting  out  the  eyes  of  his  elder  brother, 
and  confining  him  twenty-eight  years  in  Car- 
diffe  caftle,  in  Glamorganlhire"^.  In  mo,  he 
■began  to  reftore  learning  in  the  univerfity  of 
Cambridge.  The  firft  great  council  of  the 
nation,  by  fome  called  a  parliament,  was  alTem- 
bled  in  this  reign. 

King  STEPHEN;  Ferlue  fc.  h.  jJo,  From 
afilver  coin.  The  bead  of  the  emprefs  Matilda  in  the 
fame  plate f  is  from  a  parchment  roll  in  the  Heralds 
Office, 

Stephen,  earl  of  Bologn  and  Mortaigne,  upon 
the  death  of  Henry  I.  feized  the  crown,  which 
had  been  fettled  on  the  emprefs  Matilda,  the 
fole  defcendant  of  that  monarch  who  came  into 
England  to  alTert  her  right.  Hoftilities  pre- 
fently  commenced  in  every  quarter  of  the  king- 
dom, and  were  carried  on  with  the  higheft  ani- 
mofity,  and  with  various  fuccefs,  to  near  the  end 
of  this  reign.     During  this  period,  a  fpirit  of 

*  In  the  choir  of  the  cathedral  at  Giocefter  is  a  cumbent  figure 
of  Robert  Curthofe,  crofs-legged,  in  the  pofture  of  a  knight  tem- 
plar, cut  in  Irifli  oak.  It  is  iaid  to  be  above  600  years  old  ;  but 
the  bed  judges  of  antiquity  conclude,  botli  from  the  fculpture  and 
prefervation,  that  it  is  of  a  later  date.  Leland,  in  the  4th  vol. 
of  his  "  Itinerary"  fays,  "  There  is  on  his  tomb  an  image  of  v/ood 
paynted,  made  longe  fmce  his  death."  See  a  more  fatisfaftory  ac- 
count of  this  effigy  in  Sandford's  "  Genealogical  Hiftory." 

There  is  an  exad  etching  of  the  head  of  Robert,  by  Bretherton, 
done  from  a  diawing  in  the  polTeffion  of  Jofeph  Gulfton,  efq. 
which  was  taken  by  Vertue  from  the  tomb  at  Glocefier. 

Lord  Lyttelton,  in  effecft,  contradidts  the  ftory  of  putting  out 
the  eyes  of  this  weak  and  unfortunate  prince.  Ses  "  Hift-  of 
Hen.  II."  vol.  i.  p,  156.  3d  edit. 

B  4  inde- 


Dec.  2. 
1135. 


t  The    HISTORY        Class  i; 

Began  their     independence  prevailed  among   the  barons -f, 

^'^"■"  who,  taking  advantage  of  the  weaknefs  of  the 

government,  built  a  great  number  of  caftles  and 

fortreffes,  which  were  demolifiied  by  Henry  II. 


HENRY  II.  Vertuefc.  h.  Jlo,  From  the  el 
en  his  7'ncriUment  at  FonteTraud,  in  Aitj'ou,  where  he 
was  buried.  Vertue  took  it  from  the  engraving  in 
Montfaucon'*s  "  Antiquities'^ 

JI54-  Henry  II.  the  firft  king  of  the  houfe  of  Anjou, 

or  Plantagenet,  was  endowed  with  qualities  which 
raifed  his  character  above  any  of  his  predecefTors. 
He,  with  a  noble  fpirit,  aflerted  the  independency 
of  his  kingdom,  Tnoppofition  to  papal  ufurpation, 
annexed  Ireland  to  the  Englifh  crown,  and  ob- 
liged the  king  of  Scotland  to  do  him  homage. 
His  courage  and  condu(5t  as  a  foldier,  his  wif- 
dom  as  a  legiflator,  and  his  impartiality  as  a 
difpenfer  of  juftice,  were,  like  the  reft  of  his 
accomplilhments  of  body  and  mind,  far  above 
the  level  of  the  princes  of  this  age. 

R  I  C  H  A  R  D  U  S  I.     Vertue  fc.  h.  Jh.     From 

thejlatue  on  his  monument  at  Fontevraud. 

Jul.  6.  The  faint-errantry  of  Richard,  who  facrificed 

^'^9-  all  orher  views  to  the  glory  of  the  Crufade,  was 
produi5l;ve  of  much  mifery  to  himfelf  and  his 
fubjeclsi  and  is  an  inftance,  among  a  thoufand 
others,  that  ofFenfive  and  enterprifing  valour 
may  be  a  worfe  quality  than  cowardice  itfelf. 
He  was  but  eight  m.onths  in  his  kingdom,  dur- 
ing a  reign  of  ten  years. 

JOHANNES  REX ;  Vertuefc.  h.  fJj.  From 
the  effigy  on  his  tomb  at  IVorcefier^  iJi'hich  very  nearly 
rcfembles  the  broad  feal  of  him. 

Johannes  b  ex,  &c.     Sold  by  Peake, 

■f  The  nobility  in  general  were  anciently  called  barons. 


Class  I.  of  ENGLAND.  9 

This  weak  and  infamous  prince  tamely  fuf-  Began  their 
fered  his  foreign  dominions  to  be  ravifhed  from  ^Iprlu, 
him  by  the  kmg  of  France,  and  even  furrendercd     "■99« 
his  crown  to  the  pope's  legate,     Ovcr-awrd  by 
a  confederacy  of  his  barons,  he  figned  and  fealed 
the  famous  deed  called  Magna  Charta,  in  Rune     '^'S» 
Mead,  betwixt  Windlbr  and  Scaines.   His  whole 
adminiilration  was  without  vigour,  and  yet  ar- 
bitrary and  tyrannical  -^  which  rendered  him,  at 
the  lame  time,   the  objed:  of  hatred  and  con- 
tempt.    The   ftory   of  hin    being  poifoned   at 
Swinlhcad  abbey,  in  Lincolnfliire,  refcs  on  no 
good  foundation. 

HENRICUSIII.  Vertue  fc.h.Jh.  From 
l>is  monument  at  Wejlminjler. 

Henry  III.  and  Queen  Eleanor,  in  one  plate  \ 
prefixed  to  Mr,  JValpole's  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting.''* 
It  was  taken  from  a  window  in  the  church  of  Boxhill^ 
in  Sujfex,   'The  original  is  now  at  St,awberry  Hill  ^. 

Henry  III.  though  a  better  man,  can  fcarcely  o^^.  19. 
be  faid  to  have  been  a  better  politician  than  his  "^^• 
father.  He  wanted  that  dignity  and  firmnefs 
of  chara6lcr  which  is  neccffary  to  procure  refpect 
and  maintain  authority.  His  haughty  barons, 
at  the  head  of  whom  was  the  earl  of  Leicelter, 
taking  advantage  of  the  errors  of  his  govern- 
ment, and  the  imbecility  of  his  nature,  made 
large  advances  towards  independency;  and,  for 
a  time,  d;fprived  hirn  of  his  throne.  The  civil 
broils  of  this  reign,  however  calamitous,  were 
produAive  of  a  fpirit  of  liberty,  which  difFufed 
itfelf  through  tne  wnole  body  of  the  people. 
The  firfl:  approach  towards  the  prefent  method 
of  affembling  parliaments  was  at  this  period, 

*  The  ufe  of  painted  g!afs  in  our  cluircbes  is  thought  to  have 
commenced  about  this  a;ra  See  an  ingenious  pamphkt,  intitled 
?f  Oi  naniencs  cf  Churches  confidered,"  p.  94, 

which 


10  The    HISTORY  Class  I. 

Began  their     whlch  was  the  Seta,  of  the  arts  in  England*.     A 
^^"^*  great  part  of  the  prefent  ftruflure  of  Wellmin- 

iler  abbey  was  built  by  this  king. 

Eleanor,  queen  of  Henry  III.  was  fecond 
daughter  to  Raymond,  earl  of  Provence.  The 
marriage  and  coronation  of  this  princefs  were 
celebrated  with  fuch  pomp  and  feftivity  as  had 
never  been  fcen  in  England  before,  on  the  like 
occafion.  The  mod  memorable  circumftance 
in  her  life,  is  her  raifing  a  very  powerful  army 
in  France,  to  refcue  the  king  her  hufband,  who 
was  detained  in  cuftody  by  the  earl  of  Leicefter, 
This  formidable  army,  which  threatened  the  li- 
berty of  the  kingdom,  was  prevented  from  land- 
ing by  contrary  winds. 

EDWARD  I.  Vertuefc.  h.  Jh,  From  the  re- 
maim  of  an  ancient  ftatue^  over  the  gate  of  Caernarvon 
caflle.  He  is  reprefented  in  the  ornaments,  fitting  as 
umpire  betwixt  Baliol  and  Bruce* 

,  nw.  i6.  Edward  I.  completed  the  conqueft  of  Wales, 

*^''*  and  ordered  all  their  bards  to  be  put  to  death  -f. 
He  afterwards  conquered  Scotland,  received  a 
formal  refignation  of  the  crown  from  the  hands 
of  John  Baliol,  and  brought  from  thence  the 
flone  which  was  regarded  as  the  palladium  of 
that  kingdom.  His  charafter  as  a  legiflator 
was  fuch,  that  it  gained  him  the  appellation 
of  the  Englifh  Juitinian.  His  ambition  ever 
prompted  him  to  great  defigns,  which  his  per- 
fonal  courage  and  vigour  of  mind  enabled  him 
to  execute. 

*  See  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting." 

f  There  is  a  print  of  Llewyiyn  ap  Gnfilth,  the  lafl:  prince  of 
Wales  of  Britifli  blood,  engraved  for  ♦•  A  true  (though  a  ihort) 
Account  of  the  ancient  Britons,  &c.  by  J.  L.  a  Cambro- Briton," 
Lend.  1716.  4to.  but  there  is  no  leafon  to  believe  that  this  is  a' 
real  portrait. 

ED- 


Class  I.  of   ENGLAND.  ti 

EDVARDUSII.  Vertuefc.  h.  jh.     From  his  Began  thsir 
tomb  at  Gloceller,  ^^'sn^. 

Edvardus  Secundus,  &c.  Coll.  Orieknfts  Fundr. 
1^24.     J>  Faher.f.  large  /^to.  mezz. 

This  may  be  called  the  reign  of  favourites,  juiy^, 
of  an  imperious  and  intriguing  queen,  and  a  ^^°7- 
failious  nobilicy,  rather  than  of  the  parrcant: 
who  fat  on  the  throne,  whofe  weaknefs  and 
mifcondud  foon  precipitated  the  kingdom  into 
all  thofe  diforders  which  are  the  natural  effeds 
of  an  unfettled  conftitution,  under  a  feeble  ad- 
miniftration.  During  this  contufion,  the  royal 
favourites,  Gaveicon,  and  the  two  Spencers,  were 
facrificed  to  the  jealous  rage  of  the  rebellious 
barons  v  and  in  conclufion,  the  v/retched  king 
was  dethroned  and  fell  a  victim  to  the  criminal 
paffion  of  Ifabel  his  c^ueen,  and  Mortimer  her 
gallant. 

EDWARD  III.  Ferlue  fc.  h.  Jh,  From  an 
^ncient  painting  in  Windfor  caftle, 

Edward  III.  R.  White  fc.  engraved  for  Brady's 
"  Hifory  of  England.''*  'The  twu  prji  Ednards  wers 
engraved  by  White  for  the  fame  book, 

Edwardus  ill.  Sapientia  fortem^  h.fJj. 

Edwardus  III.  Scepter  and  globe^  hat  buttoned 
zvith  a  diamond,  8-i;<?. 

Edvvakdus  III.  copied  from  the  next  above.,  foL 

Edwardus  III.  whole  length.,  completely  armed \ 
engraved  for  Barnes'' s  Hifioiy  of  Edzvard  the  Third  J" 
This  was  evidently  done  from  the  old  •portrait  of  this 
^ing  at  St.  James's. 

Edward  the  Third  raifed  his  own  and  the  na-  jan.  25, 
tional  charadcer  to  a  greater  height  than  any  of  ^b^?- 
our  Englifli  monarchs  have  done  before  or  after 
him.  His  valour,  conduct,  and  fortune,  are 
equally  the  objefts  of  our  admiration:  but  he 
acquired  more  folid  glory  by  his  domeftic  go- 
*  vernmenr. 


If  The    history        Class  I. 

Ref  ns^^'''     vernment,  than  by  all  the  fplendor  of  his  vido- 
^"°'  ries.     His  ambition  feems  to  have  been  rather 

to  humble  tlian  to  crufli  his  enemies ;    and  was 
fatisfied  with  the  arms  and  title  of  the  king  of 
France,  and  a  fmall  part  of  his  territories,  when 
'  it  was  in  his  power  to  have  made  himfelf  mailer 

of  that  kingdom. 

He  gained  the  viflory  at  Crefy,  Aug.  26, 
1346;  and  inftituted  the  order  of  the  Garter^, 
23  April,  1349.  Wool  began  to  be  manufac- 
tured here  by  the  Flemings  in  this  reign ;  and 
gold  was  faid  to  be  firft  coined  f.  The  largeft 
filver  coins  were  groats  and  half-groats. 

PHILIPPA  REG  IN  A  -,  Murray  p.  Fciher  f, 
whole  length,  h.  Jh.  mezzo.  This  ■print  was  engraved 
from  a  painting  at  ^een^s  College^  in  Oxford.  The 
face  was  taken  from  an  ancient  ftone  head  of  Philippa, 
which  was  over  the  back  gate  of  that  college  next  to 
Edmund  HalL 

Philippa,  queen  of  Edward  III.  was  a  daugh- 
ter of  the  count  of  Hainault.  While  the  king 
her  hufband  was  in  France,  the  northern  coun- 

•  In  Raftell's  "  Chronicle,"  1.  vi.  under  tlie  life  of  Edward  III. 
is  the  following  curious  pafl'age.  "  About  the  19  yereof  this 
"  kinge,  he  made  a  Colempne  feeft  at  Wyndelbre,  and  a  great 
"  juftes  and  turnement,  where  he  devyfed,  and  perfyted  fubftane- 
*'  gaily,  the  order  of  the  knyghtes  of  the  garter;  howe  be  it 
♦'  iome  afferme  that  this  order  began  fyrll  by  kyng  Rychard,  Cure 
"  de  Lyon,  at  the  fege  of  the  citye  of  Acres;  wher,  in  his  great 
"  necellyte,  there  were  but  26  knyghtes  that  fyrmely  and  furely 
•'  abode  by  the  kinge ;  where  he  caufcd  all  them  to  were  thonges 
"  of  blew  Icyther  about  theyr  legges.  And  afterwarde  they  were 
"  called  the  knyghtes  of  the  blew  thonge.'*  I  am  obliged  for 
this  paflage  to  John  Fenn,  efq.  a  curious  and  ingenious  gentleman 
of  Eaft  Dereham,  in  Norfolk,  who  is  in  poflefllon  of  the  molt  rare 
book  whence  it  is  taken.  Hence  fome  afiirm  that  the  origin  of 
the  Garter  is  to  be  dated  from  Richard  I.  J  and  that  it  owes'  its 
pomp  and  fplendor  to  Edward  III. 

f  There  is  a  gold  coin  of  Henry  III.  lately  difcovered. 

X  Winftanley,  in  his  "  Life  of  Edward  III."  fayf,  that  the  or'gintl  took 
pf  the  inftitution  deduces  the  inventioa  from  king  Richard  If 

i 


Class  I.  o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  ,^ 

ties  were  invaded  by  David,  king  of  Scotland,  ^^^^"^  i^eir 
at  the  head  of  above  50,000  men.    Tkis  heroic  ^'^'^'*^' 
princefs  aflembled  an  army  of  about  12,000,  of 
which  (he  appointed  the  lord  Percy  general ;  and 
not  only  ventured  to  approach  the  enemy,  but 
rode  through  the  ranks  of  the  foldiers,  and  ex- 
horted every  man  to  do  his  duty,  and  would  not 
retire  from  the  field,  till  the  armies  were  on  the 
point  of  engaging.     In  this  memorable  battle,   on.  17, 
the  king  of  Scots  was  taken  prifoner.    The  ftory     ^346. 
of  the  condemned  citizens  of  Calais,  faid  to  have 
■    been  faved  at  the  interceffion  of  Philippa,  is  of 
very  doubtful  authority. 

'  EDWARD,  Prince  of  Wales  and  Aquitaine, 
(firft)  duke  of  Cornwal ;  Vertue  fc.  h.  fa.  From  the 
monumental  effigy  on  his  tomb  at  Canterbury.  He  is 
reprefented,  in  the  ornaments  beneath  the  head,  prefent- 
ing  John  king  of  France^  and  David  king  of  Scots,  to 
his  father. 

Edwardus,  cognom.  Niger  Princeps;  engraved 
for  Barnes's  "  Hijiory."'  Done  from  the  ancient  ppr- 
trait  at  St.  James's. 

Edwardus,  Princeps  Wallias;  Eljiracke  fc, 
fmall  ^to.  This  has  been  copied  by  Vertue,  for  the  oc- 
tavo edition  of  Rapin;  and  by  another  hand,  for 
Barnes's  "  Hijiory.'* 

Edward,  Prince  de  Galles ;  holding  a  lance-,  a 
lion  on  his  breajl.  From  a  painting  on  glafs^  in  the 
priory  church  of  Bouteville;  h.JIj. 

Edward  tiie  Black  Prince,  aged^g,  I37<^>  whole 
length  in  armour  ;  Overton.  There  is  a  whole  length 
of  him  in  armour,  holding  a  fpear  in  fir  Richard  Fun- 
fhaw's  "  Lufiad' 

He  is  thus  reprefented  in  the  portrait  of  him 
by  Beicamp,  at  Hampton  Court.     "  Mr.  On- 
;"  flow,  the  late  fpeaker,  had  a  head  *  of  the 
*  It  is  Hill  in  the  family. 

«^  Black 


14  TtiE    HISTORY  CtAssL 

Began  their     <c  Black  Princc,  which,  there  is  great  reafon  to 
'-'s"^'  «c  believe,  was  painted  at  the  time.     It  is  not 

"  very  ill  done;  it  reprefencs  hiin  in  black  ar- 
'*  mour,  embofied  with  gold,  and  with  a  golden 
'*  lion  on  his  bread.  He  has  a  hat  on,  with  a 
"  white  feather,  and  a  large  ruby,  exaflly  in  the 
"  iliape  of  the  rough  ruby  ftill  in  the  crown. 
"  He  appears  lean  and  pale  as  he  was  towards 
''  the  end  of  his  life.  This  very  curious  pic- 
**  ture  came  out  of  Betchworth  caftle,  in  Sur- 
"  rey."  "  Anecd.  of  Painting,"  vol.  i.  p.  2^, 
2d  edit. 

The  Black  Prince,  with  an  army  of  12,000 
men,  engaged  the  French  army  near  Poicliers, 
which  confifted  of  above  60,000,  whom  he  en- 
tirely defeated,  and  took  John,  the  king  of 
France,  prifoner.  In  this  battle  he  difplayed  all 
the  military  talents  of  a  confummate  general; 
and  in  his  behaviour  after  it,  all  that  moderation 
and  humanity,  efpecially  towards  the  royal  cap- 
tive, which  none  but  great  minds  are  capable  of, 
and  which  did  him  more  honour  than  his  vidlory. 
OL  8  June,  1376.    JEiat.  46. 

J  O  H  N  of  Gaunt,  king  of  Caftile  and  Leon, 
duke  of  Lancafter  ;  Vertue  fc.  h.  Jh.  Painted  on 
glafs^  in  an  ancient  window  helongivg  to  the  library  of 
All  SouFs  Coll.  Oxen.  'The  Bible  on  the  left  alludes  to 
his  promoting  IVicliffe's  do^rine. 

Johannes  Gandavensis  ;  fold  by  Roger  Daniel^ 
^to. 

John  of  Gaunt,  &c.  in  an  er mined  robe ;  fmalL 

There  is  a  very  ancient  painting  of  him  at 
Badmington,  in  Glocefterfliire,  the  feat  of  the 
duke  of  Beaufort. 

John  of  Gaunt,  or  Ghent,  fo  called  from  the 
place  of  his  birth,  was  the  third  fon  of  Edward 
ths  Third.     He  enjoyed  only  the  empty  title  of 

king 


Class  I.        of    FN  GLAND.  15 

king  of  Caftile,  from  his  marriage  with  Con-  ^^?»"  ^^^'^' 
ftance,  fecond  daughter  of  Peter  the  Cruei"^.  ^"^"^" 
Though  he  was  not  invefted  with  the  power,  he 
had,  in  reality,  the  authority  of  a  rcgenc  of  the 
kingdom,  during  the  minority  of  Richard  ihz 
Second.  The  haughtinefs  of  tiiis  prince  render- 
ed him  very  unpopular.     Ok  3  Feb.  1399. 

R  I  C  H  A  R  D  IL  at  his  devotion.  He  is  re- 
prefented  youngs  and  kneeling  by  his  three  patron  faints^ 
John  the  Baptijt^  king  Edmund,  and  Edward  the 
ConfejJ'or.  His  robe  is  adorned  with  white  harts  and 
broom- cods,  alluding  to  his  mother's  arms  and  his  own 
name  of  Plantagenijla.  In  the  other  part  of  the  -piC" 
ture,  which  conftjis  of  two  tables,  is  the  Virgin  Mary 
furrounded  with  angels,  to  whom  the  king  addreffes  his 
devotions.  On  two  brafs  plates  affixed  to  the  original 
picture,  which  is  in  th:  collection  of  the  earl  of  Pern-* 
broke,  is  engraved  the  following  infcription : 

*'  'The  invention  of  ■painting  in  oily  1410.'^ 

The  picture  was  painted  in  1377.  //  was  in  the- 
royal  colleSiion^  but  was  given  by  James  the  Second  to 
lord  Cafilemain.  The  print  was  engrar-ed  by  Hollar^ 
in  1639;  h.fb. 

RiCHARDUs  II.  Grifeni  delin.  Vertue  fc.  1718, 
whole  lengthy  fh.  Engraved  from  a  drawing  in  the 
colle^ion  of  Mr,  Taiwan  the  architect,  which  was  taken 
before  the  ancient  pi^ure^  in  the  choir  of  St.  Peter's 
Weflminfler,  was  painted  upon. 

Richard  us  II.  From  the  fame  original  as  the 
foregoing;  Vertue  fc.  h.fh.  In  the  fcroll  is  reprefented 
his  refignation  of  his  crown, 

Richard  II.  Engraved  by  R.  White ^  for  Bradfs 
*'  Hijtory  of  England,'  fol. 

Richard  the  Second,  a  prince  of  a  mean  ge-  junear, 
nius,  was  neither  loved  nor  revered  by  his  peo-     '377- 

*  She  was  natural  daughter  of  that  prince,  by  Mary  de  Pa- 
pilla, his  miltrefs. 

pie. 


1399' 


i6  The    HISTORY  Class  I, 

Began  their     p]e.     The  contempt  for   his   perfon    naturally 
"  '  extended  itfelf  to  his  government,  and  fubjefted 

him  to  the  tyranny  of  his  nobility.  His  impa- 
tience of  this  fubjcd:ion  impelled  him  to  fevtral 
afls  of  violence,  from  which  his  nature  feems  to 
have  been  averfe.  His  uncle  the  duke  of  Glo- 
ceftcr  was  affaffinated  by  his  orders  ;  and  he  un- 
juftly  detained  the  eftate  of  Henry,  duke  of 
Lancafter,  by  whofe  procurement  he  was  de- 
throned and  murdered.  The  authors  who  lived 
neareft  to  his  own  time,  inform  us  that  he  was 
ilarved  to  death. 

H  E  N  R  I C  U  S  IV.  Vertue  fc,  h.  Jh.  From 
the  ancient  portraits  of  him  at  Ken/ington  "^j  and  at 
Hampton  Court  in  HerefordJJjire, 

Sept.  19.  Henry,  fon  of  John  of  Gaunt,  duke  of  Lan- 

cafter,  got  the  crown  by  ufurpation,  and  held  it 
by  the  fword;  a  tenure  which  gave  him  perpe- 
tual difquieti^de,  and  afterwards  opened  fuch  a 
fccne  of  blood  and  cruelty  as  is  hardly  to  be  pa- 
ralleled in  any  hifiory;  and  it  was  not  clofed, 
till  the  two  houfes  of  York  and  Lancafter  were 
united  in  the  perfon  of  Henry  the  Seventh.  The 
aft  for  burning  heretics  was  paffed  in  this  reign,' 
and  one  of  the  Lollards  burnt. 

HENRTCUS  V.  Vertue  fc.  h.fh.  From  an 
ancient  pitiure  in  the  palace  at  Kenjington.  At  the, 
bottom  is  a  reprefentation  of  his  marriage* 

Henry  V.  Eljlracke fc*  /i^to, 

•  The  fet  of  kings  at  Kenfington,  whence  Vertue,  for  want  of 
better,  took  feveral  lie^iils,  are  all  painted  by  one  hand,  and  cer- 
tainly not  original.  There  is  another  fet,  ftill  worfe,  in  the  fame 
place.  One  ot  the  fets,  probably  the  better,  came  from  lord  Corn- 
wallis's  gallery,  at  Culford  in  Suffolk,  and  were  begged  of  him 
by  queen  Caroline.  There  is  another  fet  at  Hardwick,  and  others 
eifewhere,  equally  unauthentic.  I  owe  this  note  and  other  ad- 
ditions and  corredlious  iu  this  fecond  edition  to  Mr.  Horace 
Waipole. 

Henry 


Class  I.         o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D. 


17 


Henry  V.   Sold  by  Roger  Daniel^  in  Lombard-  5«p'»  *^tieif 
Jlreet,  ^to.     The  family  of  Henry  the  Fifths  from  a  ^"^"'* 
curious  ancient  figure  in  the  collcoiion  of  James  Wefl^ 
Efq,  is  in  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting."    It  was  en- 
graved by  Grignion. 

Henry  V.  on  his  Throne.  On  his  right  hand^ 
are  two  eccleftaflics.  He  who  is  on  the  fore-grcundy 
has  been  conjectured  to  be  the  famous  cardinal  Lewis 
de  Luxembourg,  chancellor  of  France,  afterwards 
hiftjop  of  'T'eroueTine,  andarchbifJoop  of  Rouen,  and  per- 
petual  adminijirator  of  the  diocsfe  of  Ely.  On  the  other 
fide  of  the  king,  is  a  courtier  holding  a  mace  of  office.  It 
has  alfo  been  conje^tired,  that  he  may  reprefent  the  duke 
of  Exeter,  third  fon  of  John  of  Gaunt,  who  fgnalifed 
his  'valour  at  the  battle  of  Azincourt,  and  on  other  oc- 
cafions.  The  perfon  prefenting  a  book  to  the  king  is 
John  Galopes,  dean  of  the  collegiate  church  of  St. 
Louis,  of  Salfcye,  in  Normandy.  He  zujs  tranflator  of 
cardinal  Bonaventure's  "  Life  of  Chrift,"  which  he 
prefented  to  Henry,  in  a  nmnufcript  finely  illuminated. 
The  prints  which  is  an  outline  only,  is  etched  with  great 
exahnefs,  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Michael  Tyfon,  of  Ber.it 
college  in  Cambridge,  from  an  illumination  done  in 
Henry  s  time,  and  belonging?  to  the  manufcript  which 
is  in  the  library  of  that  college.  This  has  far  greater 
merit  than  the  generality  of  illuminated  portraits,  zvhicb 
ctre  altogether  ideal,  and  drawn  with  little  Jkill  or 
truth.  I  have  extracted  this  defcription  of  the  etching 
from  an  account  of  the  illuminated  manufcript,  written 
by  Mr.  Tyfon,  and  printed  in  a  (ingle  jl)eet.  The  print 
and  this  (beet  were  intended  for  companions  *. 

The  glory  v>?hich  Henry  acquired  by  his  vie-  ^^''  <=^  2^» 
tory  in  the  plains  of  Azincourr,  was  equal  to  that         ^' 
which  Edward  the  Third  and  his  fon  gained  in 
the  fields  of  Crefy  and  Poidiers,   as  his  firua- 

*  This  account  of  the  manufcript  was  lately  reprinted  in  th« 
fecond  volume  of  the  "  Archaeologia"of  the  Antiquarian  Society, 
where  the  print  is  to  be  fcen  completely  etchsd. 

Vol.  I.  C  tion. 


i8  TttE    HISTORY        Class  h 

gegan  their      tjon,  valouf,  conduft,  and  fortune,  were  mnch 
'^'^"°"  the  fame.     He  afterwards  entered  into  a  treaty 

with  the  king  of  France,  married  Catharine  de 
Valois  his  only  daughter,- and  was  declared  re- 
gent and  heir-apparent  of  that  kingdom. 

CATHARINE,  ^een  of  Henry  V.  There 
is  a  portrait  of  her  in  the  family  of  Henry,  in 
the  firft  volume  of  the  **  Anecdotes  of  Paint- 
ing i"  but  there  is  little  or  no  reafon  to  believe 
it  authentic:  it  may,  however,  ferve  as  a  me- 
morial. 

Catharine  was  daughter  of  Charles  VI.  of 
France,  and  Ifabel  his  queen.  Henry,  when  he 
firft  faw  her,  at  the  treaty  of  Melun,  was  in- 
ftantly  ftruck  with  her  beauty.  It  is  probable 
that  flie  was  brought  thither  to  captivate  the 
conqueror  of  her  father's  kingdom.  This  prin- 
cefs,  who,  after  the  death  of  Henry,  was  re- 
garded as  dowager  of  England  and  France,  did 
not  difdain  to  mix  the  rofe  and  lily  of  thefe 
kingdoms  with  the  Welfh  leek,  by  dcfcending 
to  a  marriage  with  Owen  Tudor,  a  gentleman  of 
a  fine  perfon  and  addrefs,  whom  flie  fell  m 
love  with  at  Windfor,  v/here  he  attended  the 


court*. 

*  In  the  annotations  fubjoined  to  Drayton's  epiflle  from  Owen 
Tudor  to  cjueen  Catharine,  is  the  following  palTage.  "  Owetv 
"  Tudor,  being  a  courtly  and  ailive  gentleman,  commanded  once 
**  to  dance  before  the  qutene,  in  a  turne,  (not  being  able  to  reco- 
"  ver  himfelfe)  fell  into  her  lap,  as  flie  fat  upon  a  little  Itoole,  with 
*tny  of  her  ladies  about  her." 

Sir  John  Vv'ynne  tells  ns,  that  "  Queen  Catharine  being  a! 
*'  French  woman  borne,  knew  no  difference  between  tiie  Englifh 
•'  and  Wclfli  nation,  until  her  marriage  being  pabliOied,  Owen 
"  Tudor's  kindred  and  countrey  wereobjedted  to  difgrace  him,  as 
"  molt  vi'e  and  barbarous,  which  made  her  dtilrous  to  lee  fome 
■*  of  his  kinfmen.  V/hereupon  he  brought  to  her  prefence,  John 
•*  ap  Meredith,  and  Howell  ap  Llewelyn  ap  Howell,  his  neare  co- 
••  fens,  men  of  goodly  (lature  and  perfonage,  but  wholely  deditute 
"  of  bringing  up  and  nurture  ;  for  when  the  queen  had  fpoken 
"  to  them  in  di^erfe  hinguages,  and  they  were  not  able  to  anlwer 
*'  her,  (lie  faid  ihcy  were  the  goodlielt  dumbe  creatures  that  ever 
"  Ihe  law'*  •'  HiiL  of  the  Gwedir  Family,"  p.  60. 

HENRY 


Class  I.        o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  Di  19 

H  E  N  R  Y  VI.   Vertue  fc,  h.  Jh.    Fainted  on"^^^^^^^'^ 
hoards  in  the  palace  of  Kenfington.     His  chara5ler  is    '"  ' 
alluded  to  in  the  ornaments. 

Henricus  VI.  &c.  Coll.    Regalis  Cantah.    A". 

1 44 1.    Fund''.  Faber  f.  large  ^to.  mezz. In  the 

*'  Anecdotes  of  Painting,^'  is  a  print  of  his  marriage^ 
engraved  from  an  ancient  picture  at  Strazuberry-Hill. 

A  monk's  cowl  would  have  fitted  this  prince's  Auguft  -.?, 
head  much  better  than  a  crown.  He  was  a  king  ^'^"' 
only  in  name  -.  and  may  be  faid  to  have  reigned 
under  his  queen,  a  woman  of  a  martial  fpirit. 
He  loft  his  father's  acquifltions  in  France;  a 
great  part  of  which,  to  the  reproach  of  the  Eng- 
lifh,  was  retaken  by  an  army  headed  by  a  wo- 
man, fprung  from  the  dregs  of  the  people.  In 
the  civil  war  betwixt  the  Yorkifts  and  Lancaf- 
trians  in  this  reign,  the  greatefl  part  of  the  no- 
bility fell  in  the  field,  or  by  the  hand  of  the  exe- 
cutioner •,  and  the  throne  itfelf  was  at  length 
overturned  by  the  prevailing  fadlion.  The  king 
is  faid  to  have  been  murdered  by  Richard  duke 
of  Glocefter. 

MARGARET  A,  Hen.  VI.  uxor,  &c. 
Cell.  Regime  Cantah.  Fund".  1446.  Faber  f  large 
^to.    The  portrait  is  in  the  refectory  of  that  college. 

Margaret,  queen  of  Hen.  VI.  holding  a  crown 
in  one  hand,  and  a  truncheon  in  the  other,  ^to. 

It  is  to  be  queftioned  whether  either  of  thefe 
portraits  of  Margaret  be  of  any  authority.  There 
-is  a  figure  of  her  in  Montfaucon's  *'  Monumens 
de  la  Monarchic  Franfoife."  This  perhaps, 
with  fome,  may  be  ftill  queftionable;  but  it  is 
natural  for  antiquaries  to  confider  every  thing 
as  authentic^  which  is  of  undoubted  antiquity. 

The  heroic,   but  unfortunate  Margaret,  was 

ever  vigilant  and  adive,   while  the  king   her 

C  2  huf' 


so  TheHISTORY 

Eepan  their     hufband  {lumbered  upon  the  throne.    She  knew 
''^"^*  how  to  adi  the  part  of  a  general  as  well  as  that 

of  a  queen  i  and  deferved  to  wear  the  crown 
which  was  wrefled  from  her. 

JOHN,  duke  of  Bedford,  regent  of  France  5 

Tertue  fc.  h.  jb.  From  a  curious  limning^  in  a  rich  MS, 
*'  Common-Prayer  Book^^  prefented  by  hinifclf  to  king 
Henry  the  Sixth,  now  in  the  pojfejfwn  of  the  duchefs 
dcwager  of  Portland. 

The  duke  of  Bedford,  who  was  regent  of 
France  in  the  minority  of  Henry  VI.  was  one  of 
the  nioft  valiant  and  accomplifhed  princes  of 
his  age.  He  was  fecond  brother  to  Henry  V, 
and  nearly  refembled  that  hero  in  every  thing 
but  his  good  fortune,  which  was  forced  to  yield 
to  that  of  Joan  of  Arc,  an  enthufiaftic  vifionary, 
who  caufed  the  Englifh  to  raife  the  fiege  of  Or- 
leans, and  foon  after  to  evacuate  their  con- 
quefls  in  France.     Oh.  14  Sept.  1435. 

H  U  M  P  H  R  E  D  US,  dux  Gloceftrise,  in  fe- 
nefcra  ecclefis  de  Greenwich,  in  Agro  Cantiano  j 
a  head-piece  in  the  caCalogue  of  the  Bodleian  library^ 
&ver  the  letter  K. 

Humphrey,  duke  of  Glocefter,  commonly 
called  the  Good,  was  youngeft  brother  to  Henry 
V.  and  the  firft  founder  of  the  unrverfity  libra- 
ry in  Oxford,  which  was  pillaged  of  the  greateft 
part  of  its  books,  in  the  reign  of  Edward  VL 
Grafton  has  recorded  a  remarkable  inftance  of 
his  fagacity  *.  A  fellow,  who  aflirmed  that  he 
was  born  blind,  pretended  to  have  received  his 
fight  at  St.  Alban's  ihrine.  The  duke  had  the 
euriofity  to  examine  him  -,  and  allied  of  what 
eolour  his  gown  was,  and  the  colours  of  feveral 

•  Vol.  ii.  p.  598. 

other 


Class  I.        o  f  E  N  G  L,A  N  D.  21 

other  things  in  the  room.  He  told  him  the  |^P"  ^^^''' 
feveral  colours  without  a  moment's  hefitation  ;  ^'^™' 
and  the  duke,  with  as  little  hefitation,  ordered 
him  to  be  fct  in  the  (locks  as  an  impodor.  This 
prince's  vault,  in  which  his  body  was  preferved 
in  a  kind  of  pickle,  was  difcovered  at  St.  Al- 
ban*s,   in  the  year  1703. — Ok  1447. 

JAQ^UELINE,  duchefs  de  Glocefter;   a 

/mail  head. 

Jacoba,  Hertogen  van  Bayeren,  &c.  Jacob 
Folkema  fc\  1735,  h,  JIj.  A  fine  head-,  it  has  for  its 
companion^  Frank  Van  Boifelem,  her  fourth  hujhand* 
Thefe  prints  are  very  fcarce. 

There  are  feveral  other  prints  of  her;  but 
that  fine  ancient  one,  after  John  Van  Eyck,  the 
inventor  of  painting  in  oil,  is  too  confiderable 
to  be  unnoticed.  It  is  a  large  h.fh.  without  the 
name  of  the  engraver. 

Jaqueline,  who  was  daughter  and  heir  of 
William  VI.  of  Bavaria,  earl  of  Hainault,  was 
firft  married  to  John  of  France,  dauphin  of 
Vienne,  fon  of  Charles  VI.  next  to  John,  duke 
of  Brabant,  coufin-german  to  Philip  the  Good, 
duke  of  Burgundy.  As  fhe  lived  in  no  har- 
mony with  her  fecond  hufband,  flie  fuffered 
herfclf  to  be  carried  into  England,  under  a  pre- 
tence of  force;  where  fhe  was  Toon  married  to 
Humphrey,  duke  of  Glocefter.  This  marriage 
embroiled  the  duke  with  Philip,  who  intended, 
if  poflible,  to  prevent  her  from  having  any 
children.  At  length  the  pope  interpofed  in  the 
quarrel,  and  annulled  the  marriage.  The  duke 
foon  after  married  Eleanor  Cobham.  The  good 
duke  of  Burgundy  fuffered  Jaqueline  to  enjoy 
her  fourth  hulband  in  peace,  after  he  had  forced 
her  to  refign  her  dominions  to  him. 

C  3  EDV^ARD 


23 


The    history  Class  I. 


Bega.n  their      EDWARD  IV.  a  wocden  prwt,  cut  in  the  reign 

"^"'*       cf  queen  Elizabeth, 

Edwardus  IV.  Eljlracke  fc.  /^to. 

Edwardus  IV.  zvithout  his  name,  engraved  hy  R, 
JVhite^  for  Rymers  "  Feeder a.'^  It  was  placed  in 
that  book  before  the  reign  of  Henry  V*  hut  is  undoubt- 
edly a  profile  from  the  whole  length  of  Edward  IV, 
painted  by  Van  Belcamp,  which  is  now  over  the  chini" 
ney  in  one  of  the  apartments  at  St.  James's. 

Edward  IV.  Vertue  fc.  h.Jh»  From  an  ancient 
painting  at  Kmfington  palace.  At  the  bottom  is  re~ 
frefented  his  magnificent  interview  with  the  king  of 
France,  on  the  bridge  of  Pequigny^  over  the  Soame, 

*-^  In  a  north  window  of  Canterbury  cathedral, 
^s  you  afcend  the  ileps  into  the  choir,  are  por- 
traits of  Edward  IV.  his  Queen,  Edward  his 
fon,  afterwards  Edward  V.  and  Richard,  duke 
of  Glocefter,  painted  on  glafs,  with  their  names 
under  them. 

M.rch  4,  Edward  IV.  of  the  houfe  of  York,  opened  his 

'4°''  vvay  to  the  crown  with  the  fword.     There  is  a 

great  contrail  in  the  charadler  of  this  prince, 
who,  in  the  former  pare  of  his  reign,  was  as 
remarkable  for  his  aftivity  and  enterprife,  as  he 
was  in  the  latter  for  his  indolence,  his  love  of 
pleafure,  and  difTipation.  His  heart  was  hard- 
ened againfl:  every  movement  of  compaffion, 
but  extremely  fu{ceptible  of  the  pafTion  of  love. 
His  unrelenting  cruelty  towards  the  Lancaf- 
trians  was  fcarcely  exceeded  by  that  of  Sylla  the 
dictator  towards  the  Marian  fadion. 

ELIZABETH  A,  Edvardi  IV.  uxor.  Cell. 
Regin^,  Cantab*  Fund",  all  era,  J.  J),  1465.  J. 
Faber  f.  large  ^fo. 

Elizabeth  was  daughter  of  fir  Richard  Wid- 
Ville,  by  Jaqueline  of  Luxemburg,  duchefs  of 

Bedford, 


Class  I.        o  f  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  23 

Bedford,  and  widow  of  fir  John  Grey  of  Gro-  ^egan  thejr 
by,  who  was  killed  fighting  for  the  houfe  of  ^"^"'' 
I.ancafter.  As  her  hufband's  eftate  was  for- 
feited to  the  crown,  (lie  firft  appeared  before  the 
king  as  a  fuppliant,  with  all  the  attradives  that 
beauty,  heightened  by  diftrefs,  could  give  her*  ; 
and  foon  found  her  way  to  his  heart,  and  to  the 
throne. 

EDWARD  V.  Vertuefc.  h.flj.  From  a  limn* 
ifig  in  a  mamifcript^  now  in  the  library  at  Lambeth, 

His  cruel  uncle  the  duke  of  Glocefler,  after  April  g, 
propagating  a  report  of  his  illegitimacy,  is  faid  ^^^^' 
to  have  caufed  him  and  his  brother  the  duke  of 
York,  to  be  murdered  in  the  Tower,  in  the  ele- 
venth year  of  his  age.  See  the  article  of  Ri- 
chard III.  See  alio  "  Hiftoric  Doubts,"  3cc. 
by  Mr.  Horace  Walpole. 

RICHARD  III.  Hollar  f.  8m 
Richard  Hi.  Vertue  fc.  h.  Jh.  From  aji  an* 
cient  original  painting  on  board  at  Kenjington  palace. 
At  the  bottom  is  a  dragon  overcoming  a  boar.  The  de- 
vice of  Richard  the  'Third  was  a  boar ;  and  that  of 
Henry  the  Seventh  was  a  dragon^  which  was  the  en- 
Jign  of  Cadwallader,  from  whom  Henry  was  fuppofed 
to  be  defce?2ded. 

Richard  III.  and  Anne  his  queen;  an  outline. 
Vertue  delin.  Grignion  fc.  h.  fh.  Before  Mr,  WaU 
foWs  "  Hiftoric  Doubts,'^  &c.  j^to. 

Richard  III.  if  we  may  depend  upon  the  ge*  j^ne^i, 
nerality  of  our  hiftorians,  fcems  to  have  been  in-     H^3> 
fluenced  by  that  capital  maxim  of  pernicious 
policy,   Not  to  be  wicked  by  halves ;   as   he  is 
faid  to  have  been  reftrained  by  no  principle  of 

• Lacrymscque  decora?, 

Gratior  et  pulcliro  veniens  in  corpo  e  virtus.  Virg. 

C  4  .  jufticc 


24  The    HISTORY         Class  I. 

jrpn  theV  juftice  or  humanity  in  obtaining  the  crown,  and 
to  have  endeavoured  to  maintain  it  by  fraud  and 
violence.  George  IBuck  ^,  who  affirms  that  he 
was  neither  deformed  in  mind  nor  body,  was 
thought  to  have  difcovered  as  much  confidence, 
and  as  little  truth  in  that  afTertion,  as  Richard 
himfelf  did  in  afilrting  his  title.  He  had  un- 
doubtedly talents  for  govcrnmenr,  and  affefled 
popularity;  which  occafioned  the  faying  con- 
cerning him,  That  he  was  a  bad  man,  but  a 
good  king  f. 

Annej  queen  of  Richard  III.  was  widow  of 
Henry  VI.  v.'ho  was  killed  at  Tewklbury  by 
l^ichard,  to  whom  (he  was  foon  after  married. 
Such  a  marriage  as  this,  unnatural  as  it  may 
feem,  is  not  much  to  be  wondered  at  in  a  bar- 
barous age,  when  malTacres  and  murders  were 
io  familiar  as  to  have  loft  their  ufual  horror, 
Richard's  treatment  of  her  is  faid  to  have  beea 
fuch  as  a  woman  may  be  fuppoled  to  have  m.e- 
rired  who  married  the  murderer  of  her  hufband. 
It  is  alio  recorded,  that  that  treatment  was  fo 
intolerable  as  to  have  quickly  haftened  her 
death.  The  admirable  fcene  in  Skakefpeare, 
betwixt  Richard  and  Anne,  is,  or  ought  to  be, 
well  known  to  every  one  of  my  readers. 

HENRY  VII.  P^jK^y?.   Ccr  regis  injcridahik. 

*  See  his  Life  of  Richard  III.  in  Kenret's  "  Compleat  Hiftory." 
•j-  Mr.  Walpole,  who  is  well  known'  to  have  ftruck  new  light 
into  Come  of  the  darkeft  palTages  of  Rnglifli  hiftory,  has  brought 
various  prelumptive  proofs,  unknown  to  Buck,  that  Richard  was 
iieither  tliat  deformed  perfon,  nor  that  monller  of  cruelty  and 
*  impiety,  which  he  has  been  reprelented  by  our  hiftorians.   Euc  it 

jnuft  be  acknowledged,  that  though  this  gentleman  has  done 
much  towards  clearing  up  the  chara>5Ver  of  Richard,  that  he  has 
left  the  matter  Itiil  pi'oblematical.  His  arguments  to  prove  that 
Perkin  Waibeck  was  the  real  duke  of  York,  appear  more  con- 
chifive.  I  am  afTured  by  a  good  hand,  that  the  lorc^-treafurer  Ox- 
ford, who  read  as  much  of  our  hiftory,  and  with  as  much  judg- 
ment, as  any  man  of  his  time,  was  entirely  of  that  opinion. 

Henry 


Class!.        of  ENG  L  AND.  25 

Henry  VII.  with  his  queen,  Elizabeth  of  York,  ^^?»n  their 
who  is  in  little  %   Vertuefc.  b.Jh.    From  a?!  original^  in  ^"'s"'* 
oil  colours y  in  the  royal  colle^ion,  and  from  the  follow- 
ing family -pie  ce» 

Elizabeth,  queen  of  Henry  VII.     One  of  the 
Heads  of  Illufiricus  Perfons  *. 

Henry  VII.  and  Elizabeth  his  queen;  toge- 
ther with  Henry  VIII.  and  Jane  Seymour  his  queen, 
Jlanding  in  a  room  richly  adcrned.  Done  by  Vertue, 
from  the  copy  after  Holbein^  by  Van  Leemput^  in  the 
palace  at  K^nftngton.  The  original  was  confumed  in 
the  fire  which  burnt  Whitehall  in  1697,  large  fh^ 
This,  and  the  other  family  and  hijlorical  pieces  by  Vcr- 
tUC)  cire  among  the  befl  of  his  works. 

Henry  the  Seventh,  of  the  race  of  Tudor,  or  hSs, 
Theodore,  not  only  put  an  end  to  the  civil  wars 
betwixt  the  two  contending  houfcs  of  York  and 
Lancafter;  bur,  by  humbling  fhe  powerful  and 
haughty  barons,  opened  the  way  to  peace  and 
liberty.  As  all  his  pafTions,  efpecially  in  the 
latter  part  of  his  life,  centered  in  avarice,  he  was , 
too  felfifli  to  ftudy  the  intereft,  or  gain  the  el- 
teem  of  his  people.  The  good  that  he  did,  ap- 
pears to  have  been  done  for  his  own  fake. 

Elizabeth  of  York,  the  amiable  queen  of 
Henry  the  Seventh,  by  whofe  marriage  the  two 
houfes  of  York  and  Lancaiter  were  united,  was 
a  pattern  of  conjugal  duty  and  obfequioufnefs ; 
but  met  with  very  cold  returns  of  aftctlion  from 
the  king,  whofe  malignity  to  the  houfe  of  York, 
and  jealoufy  of  ifs  title  to  the  crown,  extended 
itfelf  even  to  his  queen.  Ob.  11  Feb.  1503. 
Three  Children  of  king  Henry  VIL  and  Eli- 
zabeth his  queen.       i.    Prince    Arthur  -f.     2. 

*  The  fet  confifts  of  io8  large  folio  prints,  which  are  finely  exe- 
cuted. 

f  There  is  a  [portrait  of  him  at  Mr.  Sheldon's  at  Wefton,  in 
Warvvickfliire, 

Prince 


2<$  The    HISTORY         Class  J; 

Began  their  prlncc  Hcory.      3.  Princefs  Margaret.     J,  MaU"^ 
^'^''^'       heugius  f.  cir.  149^.    Vertue  fc.  large  Jh. 

The  original  picture  is  now  in  the  China  clofet 
at  Wind  for. 

Arthur  prince  of  Wales,  eldeft  fon  of  Henry 
the  Seventh,  was  married  to  Catharine  of  Arra- 
gon  14  Nov.  1501.  Ob.  2  April,  1502.  Mtat.  16. 

Prince  Henry,  when  he  was  only  three  years 
And  four  months  old,  which  was  not  long  be- 
fore this  portrait  was  painted,  pafled  through 
the  ftreets  of  London  and  Weftminfl-er,  fitting 
on  horfeback,  and  making  one  of  the  cavalcade 
which  attended  Sir  Richard  Chawry  the  lord 
mayor,  at  the  entrance  on  his  office,  1494*. 

See  a  fhort  account  of  the  princefs  Margaret, 
afterwards  queen  of  Scotland,  under  the  reiga 
of  Hen.  VIII. 

MARGARET  A,  tnater  Hen.  VII.  Com.  Rkh- 

mondi^  ^  Derbi^,  Fund'',  College  Chriji.  Anno  Do- 
mini,  1^0^.     Faber.  f.  large /\.io.  mezz. 

Margareta,  &c.  Fund''.  Coll.  Divi  Johannis 
Cantab.  Ayino  Domini  1508.  mezz. 

Margaret,  Countefs  of  Richmond  and  Darbye, 
and  John  Duke  (Earl)  cf  Somerfety  anno  1400  -f; 
two  fmall  ovalsy  in  one  plate. 

Margaret  was  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Beau- 
fort, duke  of  Somerfet,  who  was  grandfon  of 

•  Hall's  Chronicle,  vol.  I.  236,  237. 

t  Sir  John  Beaufort,  knight,  eldeft  fon  of  John  of  Gaunt,  duke 
of  Lancafter,  by  Catharine  Swinford,  his  third  wife,  was, created 
Eail  of  Somerfet,  20  Richard  II.  1396,  or  1397,  and  the  next  year, 
marquis.  In  1398,  he  was  created  marquis  of  I^orfet;  but  was 
deprived  of  this  title,  in  the  beginning  of  Henry  the  fourth's 
reign,  as  having  been  one  of  the  accufers  of  Thomas  of  Wood- 
ftock,  duke  of  Glocefter.  But  being  reinltated  in  the  king's  fa- 
vour, he  was  promoted  to  feveral  great  offices.  Heylin  ftyles  him 
»  lord  admiral  §,  Ob.  1409.     He  was  brother  to  Henry,  cardinal  bi- 

ihop  of  Wincbefter,  and  grandfather  to  Margaret,  countefs  of 
Jlichmondand  Derby. 

^  Heb  to  Hift.  Artie.  Dorset, 

John 


Class  I.  of   England. 

John  of  Gaunt.  Her  principal  benefaflions, 
next  to  thofe  above  mentioned,  are  the  two  per- 
petual lectures  of  divinity  which  fhe  founded  at 
Oxford  and  Cambridge,  and  the  grammar- 
fchool  at  Winburne  in  Dorfetfhire.  After  fhe 
had  married  her  third  hufband  the  earl  of  Der- 
by, (he  engaged  herfelf  in  a  vow  of  celibacy ; 
which  is  the  reafon,  as  Mr.  Baker  conjectures^, 
of  her  being  painted  in  the  habit  of  a  nun.  She 
Hands  much  higher  upon  the  lift  of  benefactors, 
than  upon  that  of  authors.  See  "  Cat.  of  Royal 
and     noble    Authors  •,"    or    George    Ballard's 

"  Memoirs  of  Learned  Ladies." There  is  a 

portrait  of  her  at  Hatfield-houfe. 

KINGS  &c.    of   SCOTLAND  f. 

"  I.  MALCOLME  III  J.  was  crowned  the  15. 
^«  of  April,  Ao.  1057.     He  created  the  firft  earles 

•  See  her  Funeral  Sermon,  by  bifhop  Fiflier,  re-publilhed  witU 
a  learned  preface,  by  Mr.  Baker,  1708. 

f  There  is  a  neat  let  of  fm all  oval?  of  the  kings  of  Scotland,  two 
inches  feven  eighths,  by  two  and  one  fourth  ;  and  another  fet, 
engraved  by  feveral  good  hands,  for  Guthrie's  Hiftory  of  Scotland, 
1767,  2vo.  In  the  book  intitled,  "  De  Origine,  Moribus,  et  Re- 
*' bus  geftis  Scotorum  Libri  decern;  AuCtore  Joanne  Leslaso, 
*'  Rom;e,  1578,"  4to,  are  a  ponfiderable  number  of  medallions  of 
the  Scottifti  kings,  feveral  of  which  Boitard  has  copied  in  his  folio 
prints.  The  fine  collection  of  coins  and  medals  publiflied  by  An- 
derfon,  at  the  expence  of  the  Scottifli  parliament,  is  a  well  known 
work.  But  books  of  this  kind  are  noc  ftridtly  within  my  plan; 
though  fome  collectors  place  medaiiions,  and  even  Imall  coins,  in 
the  fame  port  folios  with  portraits. 

X  The  head  of  Malcome,  who  fucceeded  Macbeth,  is  in  a  fmall 
round,  without  the  engraver's  name.  This,  and  the  following 
heads  of  the  Scottiih  kings  that  are  numbered,  are  of  the  fame  ft;. 
The  infcripiions,  ■■v:/iL-/t  are  literally  taken,  are  in  fqunre  borders. 
The  variations  from  the  dates,  as  1  find  them  in  Dr.  Blair's  Chro- 
nology, are  inferted.  In  Holy-rood  Houfe  at  Edinburgh,  are 
paintings  of  the  kings  of  Scotland  from  Fergus  I,  Thele  have 
been  engraved  and  publifhed  in  Scotland  by  Cooper,  the  father 
of  the  prefent  engraver  of  that  name.  The  ferics,  from  Fergus 
%o  Charles  II.  was  the  work  of  one  hand.  They  wece  painted 
when  the  duke  of  York  was  refident  in  Scotland.  Many  of  thera 
are  faid  to  have  been  taken  from  porters  and  common  foldiers. 
Tb^y  are,  in  general,  wretchedly  executedi 

."  iu 


27 


28  T 11  E  H  I  S  T  O  R  Y  Class  I. 

"  in  Scotland,  and  eredled  the  bifliopprickes  of 
"  Murray  and  Caithnes.  He  raigned  36  y.  and 
*'  was  (lain  at  Alnwick,  by  a  wound  in  the  eie  '^", 
'*  and  was  buried  at  Dumfermeling. 

There  is  a  curious  print  infcribed,  S AN C T  A 
MARGARITA,  Rcgina  Scotiae ;  engraved  by 
Clowet  from  a  drawing  of  Cajiilia.  I  have  nothing 
to  fay  for  the  authenticity  of  this  portrait. 

Saint  Margaret  was  queen  of  Malcolm  III.  fur- 
named  Canmore.  She  was  filler  of  Edgar  Athe- 
ling,  and  died  A.  D.  109:^.  One  of  her  daughters, 
Maudf,  was  married  to  Henry  I.  king  of  England. 
Ruddiman,  fpeaking  of  Malcolm,  fays,  "  D.  Mar- 
^^  garetam,  Edmondi,  Ferrei  lateris  cognominati, 
*'  Regis  Anglise  proneptem,  Uxorem  duxic,  anno 
*'  1070." 

«  2.  DONALD-BANE  t,  by  the  fupport  of 
*'  the  king  of  Norway,  obtayned  the  crown,  Ano 
"  1092,  (1093)  but  after  6  monthes  was  depofed 
«'  by  Duncan,  bafe  fone  of  king  Malcolme,  whom 
^'  by  treafone  he  flew,  and  againe  raigning  3  y. 
^«  was  lafily  cad  in  prifon  by  Edgar,  (and)  ther 
"  died. 

"  3.  D  U  N  C  A  N,  bafe  fon  to  king  Malcolme, 
^'  fupported  by  William  Rufus,  obtayned  the 
''  crowne  from  Donald  his  uncle,  and  rayned  one 
"  yere  and  fix  monthes,  with  fuch  cruelties  towards 
"  his  fubjecls,  yt.  Makpender  E.  of  Mernes  flew 
'-  (him,)  and  reefl:abliflied  K.  Donald. 

*'  4.  EDGAR,  the  thirde  fon  of  king  Mal- 
*'  colme,  and  flrll  anoynted  king  of  Scotland,  a 

•  He  was  killed  at  Alnwick  Caftle  in  Northumberland,  by  a  fol- 
dier,  who  pretended  to  deliver  liini  the  keys  of  that  fortrels  on 
the  point  ot  his  fpear.  Tiie  Percy  family  are  faid  to  have  taken 
their  name  from  this  event.  But  Collins,  in  his  Peerage,  informs 
tis,  that  this  family  had  nothing  to  do  in  the  North,  till  a  century 
aftirwardsj  and  Dr.  Percy  agrees  with  him. 

+  The  feventh  ot  the  name  of  Donald. 

«'juft 


Class  I.  of     ENGLAND. 

*'  juft  and  godly  prince,  was  crowned  at  Scone  in 
**  Ano.  HOI  *.  (1097.)  He  raigned  in  great  quiet- 
"  nes  the  fpace  of  nyne  yeres,  and  died  iit  Dundee, 
*'  A  no  II  10. 

"  5.  ALEXANDER  If.  furnamed  the 
*'  Feirce,  and  brother  to  king  Edgar,  in  the  be- 
**  ginning  of  his  raigne  was  much  difquieted  by  the 
*'  rebellions  of  his  barons ;  but  fuppreffing  both 
"  them,  and  other  robbers  of  his  people,  raigned 
"  17  y.  and  died  without  ifTue,   11 25,  (i  124). 

"  6.  D  A  V  I  D  I.  brother  to  Alexander,  be- 
«'  gan  his  raigne,  11 24.  He  built  15  abbays,  and 
**  ereded  4  bifcoprickes  -,  namly  RofTe,  Brechin, 
*' Dunkeld,  and  Dublane ;  wherein  he  was  fo 
"  bountiful  yf  the  crowne  was  thereby  much  im- 
'^  payred :  he  new  wali^d  Carleill :  he  raigned 
*'  29  y. 

*'  7.  MALCOLME  IV.  furnamed  th-e  May- 
''  den,  at  9  yeres  of  age  was  crowned.  He  ayded 
**  H.  of  England  againft  Lewis  the  6.  k.  of  France, 
"  and  refigned  his  tittle  for  him  and  his  fucceffors 
*'  to  Northumberland.  He  raigned  12  yeres,  and 
*«  was  buried  at  Dumfermeling,   11 85.  C1165). 

"  8.  W  I  L  L I  A  M,  brother  to  Malcolme,  was 
"crowned  1197,  (1165),  taken  prifoner  at  Airr- 
"  wick  and  fent  into  Norm,  to  king  H.  2'^.  to  v4iom 
"  he  did  homage  for  the  kingdom  of  Scotland, 
**  and  delivered  the  cafties  of  Barwick,  Edenbo- 
**  row,  Roxburgh,  and  Striveling,  ereded  the 
"  biOi.  of  Argill  -,  raigned  49  y. 

«  9.  ALEXANDER  the  II.  began  to 
"  raigne  in  AHo  1219(1214).  Fie  wan  the  city  of 
"  Carleill  from  Hen.  3<i.  king  of  England,  which 
*'  was  againe  delivered  upon  exchange  for  Bar- 
*'  wick.  He  raigned  :?5  yeres,  and  died  aged  515 
"  and  was  buried  at  Mclros,  Alio  1242. 

*  Probably  a  miftake  of  the  engraver, 
f  Began  his  reign,  1107. 

«'   10, 


29 


5^ 


The    HISTORY' 

"  10.  ALEXANDER  lU.  at  9  yeres  wag 
"  crovvnec],  1249  •  againft:  him  rofe  the  Comings^ 
"  lords  of  Scotland,  which  imprifoned  (him)  at 
"  Strivelinp;,  whence  he  was  delivered  by  his  lub- 
"jeftes.  He  was  flaine  by  a  fall  from  his  horfe, 
*'  April  10,  1290,  having  raigned  42  yeres  ■^." 

The  two  following  heads  may  have  a  place  here, 
as  father  and  mother  of  the  next  king. 

JOHANNES  DE  B  ALLIQLO,  pafer 

Jobannis  de  Balliolo  regis  Scotorum ;  ge^teris  nobilitatey 
lirtute,  fide,  pet  ate,  darifiimus;  Fundator  Collegii 
Balliolenfis,    M.  Burghers  jc, 

Johannes  Balliol,  &c.  Fundator  ColL  Bal- 
liolenfis,  Anno  Dom.  1263. 

I  have  heard  it  aflerted,  that  the  portrait  of  John 
Baliol  was  drawn  from  a  blackfmith,  who  lived  in 
Oxford  ;  but  of  this  I  have  no  diredt  proof. 

D  E  R  V  O  R  G  I  L  I>  A  t»  fiUa  Alani  comitis 
Gnhidi^,  uxcr  Johannis  de  Balliolo,  fundatrix  colk^ 
gii  BaUiclenfis.    M.  Burghers  fc. 

Dervorgilla,  &c.  Faber  f.  large  ^to.  mezz  |. 

*'  II.  John  Balliol,  crowned  at  Schone, 
**  Novemb.    ^o,    1292.      He   firft   did    homage 

•  According  to  other  accounts,  37  years ;  then  followed  an  in- 
terregnum of  (everal  years.  This  prince  married  a  daughter  of 
•Henry  III.  king  of  England. 

f  Sometimes  written  Devorgilda. 

t  The  pifture  in  the  Oxford  gallery,  whence  the  print  of  Der- 
vorgilla was  taken,  was  drawn  from  Jenny  Reeks,  an  apothecary's 
daughter  at  Oxford,  who  was  efteemed  a  beaury.  She  afterwards 
married  Mr.  Mugg,  who  was  reclor  of  Sro61on  in  Warwickfliire, 
and  of  Iiikboroiigh  in  Worcefterfnire.  Her  hufband  dying,  left 
her  the  advowfon  of  Stockton  ;  for  the  fake  of  which  one  Allen,  a 
buccaneer,  and  afterwards  a  clergyman,  courted  her,  and  obtained 
the  advowfon  ;  of  which  he  had  no  fooner  got  pofiefTion,  than  he 
brought  from  Jamaica  a  wife,  and  feveral  children  §. 

^  I  am  oblipf^  for  this  anecdote,  and  on  other  accounts,  to  my  late  wor- 
thy friend,  the  Is.irned  and  ingenious  Mr.  William  Huddcsford,  fometime 
Keeper  of  AHiiroh-'s  Mufeiim. 

M'lltis  ille  bonis  flcbilis  occldit  j 

Is'uUi  flebilior  quam  mihi, 

"  to 


Class  I.        o  f    £:  N  G  L  A  N  D.  31 

"  to  E.  I.  king  of  England,  for  his  king- 
*'  dom,  at  Newcaftle,  and  afterwards  refigned  it 
"  wholye  to  him.  He  was  imprifoned  at  London, 
"  but  thence  releafed,  went  into  Nor.  and  ther 
«'  died." 

John  Baliol  was  competitor  with  Robert  Bruce, 
for  the  crown  of  Scotland.  Bruce  was  the  fon  of 
Ifabel,  fecond  daughter  of  David  earl  of  Hun- 
tingdon ;  and  Baliol  the  grandfon  of  Margaret, 
the  cldeil  daughter.  Bruce  alledged  that  his  claim 
was  not  only  founded  in  confanguinity,  but  that 
Alexander  had  moreover  declared  him  his  heir. 

ROBERTUS  BRUCEUS;  Boitard  f, 
h.Jh.  He  is  reprefented  in  the  ornaments,  killing 
Cummin, 

Robert  Bruce,  fon  of  the  competitor  with  Ba- 
liol, ftabbed  John  Cummin,  a  powerful  nobleman 
who  oppofed  him  in  his  dcfign  of  throwing  off  the 
Englifli  yoke,  in  the  Cloyfters  "^  of  the  Grey  Friars 
at  Dumfries ;  upon  which  he  proceeded  to  make 
himfelf  mafter  of  the  kingdom,  and  took  poflef- 
fion  of  the  throne.  His  great  valour  and  condu6t 
in  the  decifive  battle  of  Bannockburn,  have  been 
much  extolled. 

"  12.  ROBERT  BRUCE,  crowned  at   ^sJj"^* 
"  Schone  March  27,  1306.    Unto  him  John  Bal-     '^'*' 
*'  liol  refigned  all  his  right  to  the  crowne  of  Scot- 
"  land  :  the  like  did  alfo  E.  III.  of  England.    He 
"  raigned  24  y.  and  died  at  Cardos,  July  7,  1329, 
"  requeuing  his  hart  to  be  buried  at  Jerufalem." 

His  will  was  accordingly  fulfilled,  by  Sir  James 
Douglas,  ancertor  of  the  duke  of  Q^ueenfberry, 
who  made  a  pilgrimage  thither  on  purpofe.  This 
pilgrimage  is  commemorated  in  his  grace's  arms; 
in  which  is  a  heart,  gules,  crowned  with  an  impe- 
rial crown. 

•  Several  authors  fny  he  was  killed  before  t!ie  altar. 


32 


The    history  Class  I. 

"  13.  EDWARD  B  ALLIOL,  afyfted  by 
"  E.  3  king  of  England,  forced  younge  king  Da- 
"  vid  into  France,  and  was  himfelf  crowned  at 
"  Schone,  Sepcem.  24.  (27),  Ano  1352.  In  great 
"  trebles,  he  raigned  9  yeres,  and  then  refigned 
"  his  right  to  king  Edward  3.  Ana  '^355' 

Robert  Bruce,  and  Edward  Balioi  neither  of 
whom  was  hiwfully  poffefled  of  the  crown,  are 
Ibmetimes  left  out  of  the  feries  of  the  kings. 

*"  14.  DAVID  2,  at  7  yeres,  was  crowned 
^*  Novemb.  22,  133I5  (*329).  In  his  fecond  yere, 
*'  he  was  forced  into  Fraunce,  where  he  remaign- 
"  ed  9  yeres :  yet  thence  returning,  recovered  his 
•'  kingdom,  but  was  taken  in  battaill  by  the 
•'  Engliih,  and  with  y"  reteyned  11  y.  raigned 
"  30  ye. 

"15.  ROBERT  II.  and  firft  Steward  ^,  at 
*'  the  age  of  47  yere  was  crowned  king  at  Scoen, 
"the  25.  of  March,  A°.  1370.  He  fortunacly 
"  fought  againil  the  Englifn.  He  raigned  16 
*^  yeres,  and  died  at  Dundobald  the  19.  of  April, 
*'  13Q0,  and  is  buried  at  Scone." 

ROBERTUS  III.  holding  a  jewel  in  his 
hand't  ^to. 

"16.  ROBERT  111,  was  crowned  king  at 
"  Schone,  the  15.  of  Auguil,  1390.  He  raign- 
*'  ed  16  yeres,  and  died  of  melancholy  for  grief  of 
*'  his  fon  David's  violent  death,  and  his  other  fon 
*'  James  c:iptivity  in  England,  Afio  1408.  His 
««  body  was  buried  in  PaQey  Ab.  (Abbey).'* 

17.  JAMES  I,   the  infcription  torn  off, 
JamesT.   a^to.  one  of  the  fet  of  Sluart5\. 

*  The  title  of  Steward  was  an  appendage  to  the  efiate  and  office 
df  the  Ikwsid  of  Scotland  which  was  fettled  on  this  family — .• 
There  is  another  head  of  Robert  II.  in  a  cap,  with  a  jewel  in  the 
front.- 

t  There  are  prints  of  five  Scottidi  kings  of  the  name  of  James, 
engraved  by  Gaywuod,  for  Diuinraoad's  "  liiltory  of  Scotland.'" 

Thcfe 


Class  I.  of    ENGLAND. 

Thefe  fcarce  prints  were  firil  publifhed  in 
*^  Infcriptiones  Hiftoricje  Regum  Scotorum," 
&c.  Joh.  Jonftono,  Abredonenfe,  Scoto  An- 
thore.  Amftel.  Excudebat  Cornelius  Ciaeffo- 
nius,  Andrsco  Harcio,  Bibliopolae  Edembur- 
genfi,  1602.  The  fet  begins  with  Robert  II, 
-and  ends  with  James  VI.  In  1603  they  were  re- 
publiihed  with  alterations.  The  ihort  biogra- 
phical infcription  under  each  head  was  original- 
ly  in  Latin,  but  afterwards  in  Englifh  :  the  fol- 
lowing is  under  the  head  of  James  the  firit : 

"  James  L  began  to  reigne  in  the  yeire  of  the 
**  warid  5394,  in  the  yeire  of  Chrift  1424  *.  He 
"  v/as  a  gude,  learned,  veriuous,  and  juit  prince. 
**  He  married  Jeane  daughter  to  John  duke  of 
*'  Summcrlc.r,  and  marquis  Dorcet,  fonne  to  John 
'^  of  Ghent,  &c.  He  was  (laine  at  Perth  trait cr- 
*«  oufly,  by  Walter  earl  of  Athol,  and  Robert 
f  Grahame,  &c.  in  the  31.  yere  of  his  reigne." 

This  king  was  feized  during  a  truce,  in  the 
latter  end  of  the  reign  of  Henry  IV.  and  unge- 
neroufly  detained  a  prifoner  in  England,  almoil 
nineteen  years. 

JANE  Qiieen  of  Scotland,  ann.  dom.  1424; 
JOHN  Earl  of  Somerfet,  anno  1397  ;  twofmall 
ovals^  in  one  plate;  very  fcarce.  This  earl  hath 
been  already  mentioned. 

Jane  f,  Queen  of  Scotland,  was  daughter  of 
John  earl  of  Somerfet,  and  CatharinCj  daugh- 
ter 

*  In  the  year  of  the  Julian  period  61  tg,  and  of  Chrift  1406,  ac« 
cording  to  Dr.  Blair. 

t  She  is  fometimes  called  Joan,  and  in  Keith's  Catalogue  of 
Scottifli  Bifliops,  p.  112,  Jehane.  In  Fuller's  Worthies,  under 
London,  p.  202,  it  is  obierved,  that  Joan,  in  later  times,  hath 
been  accounted  a  coarfe  and  homely  name,  and  that  Ibme  pro- 
verbs of  contempt  have  been  thrown  upon  it,  which  occasioned  its 

Vox..  I.  I>  btJug 


34  The    HISTORY        Class  I. 

ter  of  Thomas  Holland,  Earl  of  Kent.  She 
was  married  to  James  I.  the  2d  of  February, 
1424,  at  the  priory  of  St,  Mary  Overy,  in  South- 
wark.  The  match  was  concluded  witli  the  con- 
fent  of  the  Scots  nation. 

*'  18.  JAMES  II.  at  the  age  of  6  yeres,  was 
*'  crowned  k.  at  Schone,  Ano  1436  (1437).  He 
*'  was  flaine  at  the  fiege  of  Roxburgh,  the  9.  of 
*'  Aug.  1460.  in  the  yere  of  his  age  29,  and  of 
*'  his  raigne  twenty  foure,  and  was  buried  in  Holy- 
«  Rode  Houfe." 

JACOBUS  III.  rex  Scot  or  urn ;  cap  and  fea^ 
thcr ;  4/<?. 

*'  19.  JAMES  III.  at  7  yeres  of  age,  was 
**  crowned  king  at  Kelfo,  amongfi:  his  armye, 
"  Ano  1460.  He  followed  lafcivious  counfell,  for 
*'  which  he  was  firft  imprifoned  at  Edenborough, 
"  by  his  nobles,  and  after  29  y.  raigne,  flaine  by 
"  them  at  Bannockefboren^  1488." 

He  was  a  prince  of  a  mean  genius-,  was  re- 
markable for  flighting  the  nobility,  and  lavifii- 
ing  his  favours  upon  perfons  of  low  birth  and 
education. 

JACOBUS  IIII.  Rex  Scotorum  ;  a  thijile  in 

his  left  hand.  ^to. 

James  the  Fourth,  ermined  robe',   Svo. 

Jaq3j E&  1 V.  a  hujl  J  VandcrWerffp.G.Valckfc. h.fi, 

"  James  the  fourth,  king  of  Scotland,  a  worthy 

*' prince;    he  raigned   25  ycares-,  flaine  at  Floy- 

"  den-field,   1^13,  iEr.  39.     He  married  Marga- 

"  ret,  eldeft  daughter  of  Henry  VII ."  Stent  exc.  ^to* 

being  mollified  into  Jane.  But  Jane  occurs  in  leland's  Collefla- 
nea,  and  in  Holinflied,  Stow,  and  Speed.  In  the  ^x  of  Elizabctd 
it  was  agreed  by  the  Court  of  King's  Bench,  to  be  all  one  with' 
Joan  J  5  and  they  are  both  the  feminine  of  John,  and  anfwer  to 
Joanna  in  the  Latin.  1  have  not  obferved,  that  Jane  Shore  any 
where  occurs,  under  the  name  of  Joan. 

J  See  Caniden'i  Remains,  by  Phiiipot,  p.  122* 

Bifhop 


Class  li.  o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  Do  g^ 

Bifliop  Fox  advifed  Henry  VH.  to  marry  his 
cldeil  daughter  to  James  IV.  and  his  youngeft 
to  Lewis  XII.  of  France,  with  a  view  to  the 
contingency  of  an  union  of  the  crowns  of  Eng- 
land and  Scotland. — It  is  remarkable,  that  James 
I.  II.  III.  and  IV.  who  fucceeded  each  other  in 
the  throne,  died  unnatural  deaths.  The  lad  of 
thefe  kings  wrote  a  book  on  the  Apdcalypfe,  as 
did  alfo  James  VI. 

See  the  feries  of  the  kings  of  Scotland  conti- 
nued in  the  Reign  of  Henry  VIII.  &c. 

C  L  A  S  S     II. 
Great  OFFICERS  of  STATE, 

See  ThomasBecket,  William  of  Wickham,  Johri 
Alcock,  and  William  WaynPieet,  who  were  all 
lords  chancellors,  in  the  fourth  clafs  with  the 
clergy.  See  alfo  Walter  Stapledon,  lord  treafurer 
to  Edward  III.  in  the  fam.e  Clafs. 

H  E  N  R  I  C  US  de  M  O  N  M  O  U  TH,  vulgo 
di5l»  (de)  Torto  Collo,  Dux  Lancaftriae,  Fund>'. 
Coll.  Corporis  Chrijtiy  Cantab.  1351  j  Fabcr  f.  large 
Afto.  mezz, 

Henry  Plantagenet,  duke  of  Lancafcer,  who  Creai.7345, 
defcended  from  a  younger  fon  of  rienry  III. 
fignalized  himfelf  as  a  foldier  and  a  flatelman  5 
having  accompanied  Edward  III.  in  moft  of  his 
expeditions,  and  acquitted  himfelf  with  reputa- 
tion, in  feveral  treaties  and  embafiies.  In  the 
nth  year  of  Edward,  he  was  created  earl  of 
Derby  -,  and  upon  the  death  of  his  father,  in 
1345,  he  became  earl  of  Lancafter  and  Leiceftc, 
and  high-fteward  of  England;  his  retinue  was  nu- 
merous and  fplendid ;  and  he  is  fuppofed  to  have 
fpent  above  a  hundred  pounds  a  day,  a  great 
D  2  fum 


3^  The    HISTORY      Class  IIL 

fum  in  this  age.  A  few  fuch  powerful  peers  as 
this  failing  into  the  contrary  fcale  to  that  of  the 
crown,  have,  on  fome  occafions,  been  known 
to  overpoife  it.  He  died  of  the  peftilence,  at 
'  Leiceder,  1361,  and  was  buried  there,  in  the 

collegiate  church  of  St  Mary.  Mr.  Mafters, 
in  his  valuable  "  Hiftory  of  Corpus  Chrifti 
College,  in  Cambridge,"  correfts  the  date  of  his 
creation,  as  duke  of  Lancafter,  in  which  Hey- 
lin  and  others  are  miftaken.  It  was,  undoubt- 
edly, in  the  25th  of  Edward  III. 

HENRY   STAFFORD,   duke  of  Bucking: 
ham  ;  y.  Houhraken  fc.  Amjt.  1745.   From  a  pi^ure 
at  Magdalen  College^  Cambridge.     Illuji.  Head, 
Creat.1444.  Henry  Stafford,  duke  of  Buckingham,  lord 

high-conftable  of  England,  in  the  reign  of  Ed- 
ward IV  ^.  was  defcended  from  a  fon  of  Edward 
III.  He  had  great  talents,  which  he  is  faid  to 
have  profliituted  to  the  infamous  purpofes  of 
Richard  III.  and  to  have  had  a  principal  fhare 
in  his  ufurpation.  It  is  certain  that  he  had 
many  honours  and  preferments  conferred  upon 
him  by  Richard.  Afterwards,  being  apprehen- 
five  that  that  prince  meditated  his  deftruftion, 
he  confpired  to  {tz  the  earl  of  Richmond  on  the 
throne,  for  which  he  was  beheaded,  1484. 

CLASS     III. 
P      E      E     R     S.   t 

BERTRAM    ASHBURNHAM. —The 

follov/ing  infcription  is  at  the  bottom  of  the  print. 

"  This 

*  He  is  faid,  by  feveral  of  our  Hiftorians,  to  have  been  appoint- 
ed lord  high-conftable  by  Richard  lil.  He  was  firit  advanced 
to  that  office  in  the  reign  of  Edward  IV.  in  which  he  was  fucceeded 
by  Tho.  lord  Stanley  i  Ric.  III.  Vide  Spelman.  Gloll'.  fub  voce 
Constabularius. 

t  There  ia  a  print  in  Dugdale's  "Hiftory  of  Warwickfhire,"  of 

Hugh 


Class  III.      o  f  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  37 

**  This  portraiture  is  in  memory  of  Bertram 
"  Afliburnham,  in  Sufiex,  who  in  the  time  of 
*'  king  Harold,  was  warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports, 
*'  conftable  of  Dover,  and  fneriff  of  the  faid  coun- 
"  ty,  and  being  a  perfon  of  fo  great  power,  at 
*'  the  landing  of  William  the  Conqueror,  king 
**  Harold,  who  was  then  in  the  North,  fent  him 
"  a  letter  to  raife  all  the  forces  under  his  com- 
*'  mand,  to  withftand  the  invader.  And  when 
*'  the  king  came  up  to  oppofe  the  Conqueror,  the 
^'  faid  Bertram,  who  had  an  eminent  command  in 
"  the  battle,  received  fo  many  wounds,  that  fooii 
*'  after  he  died  thereof^;  and  fince  which  tim.e, 
"  through  the  mercy  of  God,  the  faid  family,  in 
*'  a  direct  male  line,  have  continued  at  Aiburn- 
^'  ham  aforefaid ;  and  are  the  prefent  poffcflbrs 
«  thereof." 

The  portrait  is  in  Guillim's  *'  Heraldry,"  fol. 

Sir  JOHN  OLDECASTLE,  the  worthy 
lord  Cobham,  &c.  from  the  ^'-  Bref  Ckronyck  con- 
cernynge  his  Examinacycn  and  Death^''  by  Bak-^  whole 
length  J  ^vo.  This  has  been  copied  in  the  new  edition 
of  the  «^  Bref  Chronycle^'  ^7^9- 

Lord  CoBHAM,  in  a  fur  gown.  i2tno.  There  is 
a /mail  head  of  him,  which  nearly  refembks  this^  in 
Clark's  "  Marrow  of  Eccleftaftical  Hiftory.'* 

Sir  John  Oldcaftle  married  the  niece  and  heir- 
efs  of  lord  Cobham  j  and  upon  his  marriage,  af- 
fumed  that  title.  He  was  the  chief  of  the  Lollards, 
or  difciples  of  Wicliffe,  in  the  reign  of  Henry  V. 
The  prodigious  increafe  of  that  fedt  was  fufficient- 
ly  alarming  to  the  government,  but  much  more 

Hugh  Lupus,  earl  of  Chefter,  fitting  in  his  parliament.  It  nis 
engraved  by  Hollar.  This  cannot,  in  ftndl  propriety,  he  placed 
wirli  portraits. 

•  He  was,  according  to  other  accounts,  beheaded  by  commritul 
of  William  the   Conciueror.      See  CoUins's    «'  Peerage,"  ariu-. 

ASHBURIiHAM, 

D  3  ^^ 


3 


8  TheHISTORY      Class  IIL 

fo  with  a  man  of  fpirit  and  enterprife  at  the 
head  of  ir.  The  king,  with  whom  he  had  been 
in  favour,  tried  every  gentle  method  of  bring- 
ing him  back  to  the  church  J  but  he  was  inflex- 
ible. He  was  burnt  in  St.  Giles's-in-the-Fields, 
in  Feb.  1418,  and  was  faid  to  have  died  in  ex- 
ptclation  of  rifing  the  third  day  -j-. 

"  J  H  O  N  TALBOT,  of  the  nolle  familie  of 
Sheroflierie^'  i^c.  a  moft  curious  print,  zvith  an  orna- 
mented border^  in  the  Bodleian  library.  It  appears 
to  be  very  aticient^  and  is  much  damaged.  It  ii  evi- 
dently tie  original  of  that  in  Jndrezv  Thevet^s  ^?  Lives,'* 
foL  282'.  Ihe  date  is  "  M.  IIIK.  XLIII."  On  the 
blade  of  the  fword  is  this  barbarous  infcription,  ''  Sum 
'^^  Talbot ti  pro  vincere  Inimico  meo.''^  Others  give  it 
*'  Ininiicos  meos.^^  After  a  fummary  of  his  hiflory  iin-' 
der  the  portrait^  it  is  faidy  "  his  pourtrai^urCy  as  I 
*'  repre/ente  it  to  you^  zvas  taken  out  of  the  pallace 
"  ivhich  the  faidjihn  Talbot  had  built."'  Pidures  of 
this  earl  and  his  confort  are  in  the  gallery  of  Caftle- 
Ailiby  in  Northampton/hire,  and  judged  by  Mr. 
Walpols  to  be  the  mod:  ancient  oil  painting  in 
England. 

John  Talbot,  earl  of  Shrewfbury,  he.  great 
marjhal  to  king  Henry  VI  of  his  realm  of  France,  who 
died  in  the  battle  of  Bourdeaux,  with  lord  vifcoimt 
Lifle^  his  fon,  i^-SIt  and  is  buried  at  Roan  in  Nor- 
mandy •,   T.  Cecill  fc.  ^to. 

This  great  general,  who  was  for  near  twenty- 
four  years  the  terror  and  fcourge  of  France,  was 

\  sir  John  Oldcaftle  was  expofed  as  a  buffoon  cliara'Sler,  by 
fome  Roman  catholic  poet,  in  an  old  play,  entitled,  "  The  fa« 
mous  Viftcries  of  Henry  V.  containing  the  honorable  Battaiie  of 
Agincourti"  in  which  the  fcene  opens  with  prince  Henry's  rob- 
beries ;  and  fir  John  Oidcaftie  is  mentioned  as  one  of  his  gang. 
As  Sh:ikerpeare  appears  to  have  borrowed  fume  hints  from  this 
play,  it  gave  occalion  to  the  midake,  that  fir  John  Oldcaftle  was 
originally  the  droll  of  his  hiftoricai  play  of  Henry  IV.  and  that  he 
changed  his  name  to  FalftafF. 

vl6lo- 


Class  III.      of    ENGLAND. 

vi6lorious  in  no  lefs  than  forty  battles  and  (kir- 
mifhes.  The  generality  of  our  hiftorians  agree 
in  his  being  killedat  thefiegeof  Chaflillion,  after 
he  had  taken  Bourdeaux,  though  his  epitaph 
informs  us  that  he  was  killed  in  the  battle  of 
Bourdeaux.  He  was  above  eighty  years  of  age 
at  the  time  of  his  death.  The  duke  of  Shrewf- 
bury,  who  died  in  1718,  was  lineally  defcended 
from  him  ;  fo  is  the  prefent  earl  of  Shrewfbury. 
See  Ciafs  Vlf. 

ANTHONY  WIDVILLE,  earl  Rivers, 

attended  by  Caxcon  the  printer,  prefenting  his 
book  to  Edward  IV.  Fro7n  a  curious  MS.  in  the 
archbi/ljop's  library  at  Lambeth^  In  the  fame  print  are 
the  portraits  of  the  queen,  prince  of  IVales^  i^c* 
That  of  the  prince,  afterwards  Edward  the  Fifth,  is 
the  only  one  known  of  him.  It  ivas  engraved  hy  Vcr- 
tue. — Frontifpiecejo  the  "  Catalogue  of  Royal  and  No- 
ble Authors  i"   Grignion  fc. 

The  earl  Rivers  -f ,  who  was  the  mofl:  va- 
liant and  accompliflied  nobleman  in  the  court  of 
Edward  the  Fourth,  had  the  care  of  the  educa- 
tion of  his  nephew,  the  prince  of  Wales.  He 
was  the  greateft  reftorer  and  patron  of  learning 
among  the  nobility  of  his  age,  and  tranllated 
himlelf  feveral  books  from  the  French.  That 
which  he  prefented  to  the  king  was  *'  The 
Dides  and  Sayinges  of  the  Philofophers,"  which 
is  faid  to  have  been  the  fecond  or  third  book 
printed  in  England  by  Caxton  \.     It   is  dated 

•  1  have  inferteddefcriptions  of  a  few  prints  of  this  kind,  which, 
though  llriitly  hirtorical  comjiofitioiis,  may  be  confuieied  as  alTeiu- 
blages  of  portraits. 

t  He  frequently  occurs  in  our  hiftoiies  under  the  title  of  lord 
Scales. 

:J:  If  "The  Game  of  Chefs"  was  the  fi;  ft  book  printed  hy  Caxton, 
this  was  the  third.     See  Ames's  •'  Hiitorv  of  Printing." 

•   D  4  Nov. 


39 


40  The    HISTORY      Class  I\ 

Ndv.   1 8,   1477. — Beheaded  at  Pontefradl,   by 
order  of  Richard  the  Third,  13  June,  1483. 

C  L  A  S  S     IV. 
The    CLERGY. 

JOHANNES  YIII.  Pont.  max.   I.  Bapiijla 
^e  Cavaleriis  fc.  Svo. 

The  hiflory  of  John  VIII.  or  Pope  Joan,  if 
true,  is  a  remarkable  inftance  of  female  frailty, 
and  ftrengch  of  parts,  and  a  fignal  proof  of 
V'hat  that  fex  is  capable,  efpecially  when 
prompted  by  the  tender  palTion.  Some  writers 
affert  that  ftie  was  born  in  England ;  but  the 
generality  agree  that  flie  was  a  native  of  Mentz, 
and  that  her  father  was  an  Engiifii  priefl.  She, 
very  early  in  life,  engaged  in  an  amour  with  an 
ccclcfiaftic,  who  became  her  tutor.  Like  Eloi- 
fa,  ri:ie  proved  a  very  apt  fcholar,  and  made  a 
great  progrefs  in  whatever  he  taught  her.  She 
attended  her  lover  10  Athens,  heard  the  profef- 
Jbrs  there,  and  was  fo  rapid  a  proficient,  that 
%vhcn  fne  removed  to  Rome,  flie  found  few  or 
none  that  could  equal  her  in  the  learning  of  the 
age,  and  efpecially  in  divinity.  She,  by  her 
knowledge  and  addrefs,  acquired  fo  great  re- 
fpeft  and  influence,  that  fhe  fucceeded  Leo  IV*. 
in  the  papal  throne.  She  fuffered  herlclf  to  be 
got  with  child  by  one  of  her  domeilics,  and 
falling  fiiddenly  in  labour,  as  flie  was  going  to 
the  Lateran  church,  died  upon  the  ipor.  She 
continued  to  pafs  for  a  man  with  all  but  her 
lovers,  to  the  time  of  her  death.  Such  is  the 
ftory  of  Joan  ;  which  is  extremely  improb.ole 
in  itfelF,  and  is  mentioned  by  no  author  who 
lived  near  the  time.     It  is  now  generally,  if  not 

•  Anno  255. 

abfo- 


Class  IV.      of    ENGLAND.  41 

abfolutely,  given  up,  after  it  hath  been  tho- 
roughly fifced.^  Dr.  Hutchinfon,  bifhop  of 
Down  and  Connor,  is,  1  believe,  the  laft  author 
who  has  troubled  himfclf  on  either  fide  of  the 
queftion  +.  He  hath  tacked  a  difTertation  on 
Pope  Join,  by  way  of  poftfcript,  to  a  fermon 
preached  on  the  fifth  of  November,  1731,  to 
which  her  flory  appears  to  have  no  relation. 
This  occafioned  ihe  following  llanza,  written  by 
an  Irilh  wit. 

**  God's  bieffing  be  upon  his  heart  J," 

"Who  wrote  the  Book  of  Witches. 

And  proved  Joan  in  petticoats 

The  fame  with  John  in  breeches." 
It  is  obvious  to  obferve  here,  that  the  fon  of 
this  bifhop  was  unfortunate  in  his  courtfhip,  and 
gave  occafion  to  the  well-known  tale  of  the 
'Squire  and  the  Apple-Pie. 

St.  D  U  N  S  T  A  N,  on  Us  epifpocal  throne, 
holding  a  cmfier  in  one  hand,  and  a  ■pair  of  tongi  in 
the  other  ;  h.  Jh. 

1  his  portrait  is  doubtlefs  fidlitious  •,  the  other, 

mentioned  below,  is  worthy  of  our  notice  *. 

f  Jonn  was  firfl:  mentioned  by  Marlanus  Scotus,  a  writer  of  the 
eJevertii  century. 

+  "  God~s  bieffing  be  upon  her  heart"  is  an  expreffion  applied 
to  the  queen  in  the  fermon  htre  mentioned. 

*  In  Lupici-  s  "  Lives  of  the  F.ithers,"  1640,  4to,  are  heads  of 
VeneraMe  Bede  the  biftorian  5  Anfelm,  archbilliop  ofCanterbury, 
the  !;rtat  ftifkler  for  the  celibacy  of  the  cltrgy  ;  Alexander,  of  the 
inon  iflery  of  Hales,  or  Hayles,  the  mafter  of  Thomas  Aquinas,  and 
the  gi",'t  leader  of  him  and  the  relt  of  the  fchoolmen.  He  was 
furnnme  J  DoHor  i'-refragabiUs,  and  was  author  of  an  admired  Com- 
ment on  tiic  four  Bocks  of  the  Sentences.  He  died  1245.  Thefe 
heads  mufs:  be  fictitious,  notwithftanding  what  the  author  has 
faid  in  his  preface.  They  were  engraved  by  G.  Glover.  There  is 
a  fmall  head  mfciibed  B.  Angel  Protomartyr  in  Anglia.  He  was 
a  native  of  Pifa,  in  Tufcany,  and  was  the  firil  provincial  of  the 
Fianclfcans  in  England  ;  having  been  appointed  to  this  office  by 
Sr.  Francis  himlelf.  "  Antiq.  of  the  Englifh  Francifcans,"  p.  9. 
In  Hierome  Porter's  "  Flowers  of  the  Lives  of  Engiilh  Saints," 
Doway,  1632^  are  various  ideal  heads. 

Dunftaa 


42  The    HISTORY      Class  IV. 

Dunftan  was  abbot  of  Glaflonbury,   in  the 

reign  of  Edred;  and  in  that  of  Edgar,  he  was 

I'''- ffO"™  promoted  to  the  fee  of  Canterbury.    He  was  the 

to  London,       firft  Englifh  prelate  that  oppofed  the  marriage 

95S;  and         ^f  i\^Q  clergy.     He  is  faid  to  have  been  a  pood 

thence  to  '^•'    .  ,  o 

Cant.  959.  muucian,  painter,  and  graver;  and  to  have 
amufed  himfclf  with  joinery,  turning,  and 
fmithery  -f- ;  in  the  laft  of  which  he  was  fuppofed 
to  be  employed  when  he  feized  the  devil  by  the 
nofe  with  a  red-hot  pair  of  tongs  J.  in  Dr, 
Hickcs's  "  Thefaurus,"  s.  a.  p.  144,  is  a 
"  Pidure  of  Jefus  Chrift,^"  with  St.  Dunftan 
before  it,  in  p.  devout  pofture,  drawn  by  him- 
ftlL  The  outline  is  not  bad  for  that  barbarous 
age.  This  was  engraved  from  a  MS.  in  the 
Bodleian  library.     NE.  D.  11.  19. 

E  D  W  I N  I  Monachi  Effigies,  ab  ipfo  delinea- 
ta.  Vcriite  fc.  large  h.  Jh.  He  is  reprefented  filling 
and 'Writing.  It  is  one  of  the  prints  engraved  for  the 
Antiquarian  Socieiy. 

Edwin  is  conjeflured  to  have  been  a  monk 

of  Chrift- church,  the  cathedral  of  Canterbury, 

about  the  times  of  king  Stephen,  hispredeceflbr, 

and  fuccefibr. 

H  A  D  R  I  A  N  U  S  IV.  Pont.  max.  Jnglicus ; 
7.  Baptijla  di  Cavaleriis  fc*  "^vo. 

Moft  of  the  portraits  of  the  popes  are  copied 
from  the  feries  of  heads  by  this  engraver.  1  hey 
were  publiflied  at  Rome,  in  4to  and  8vo  ;  the 
latter  is  dated  1585.  The  beft  fet  is  that  by 
Ph;l.  Gal!e,  Antvcrp.  1572,  a  pot  folio. 

Nicholas  Breakfpc-ar,  who,  upon  his  advance- 
ment to  the  popedom,   afTumed   the  name  of 

•}■  H*"  IS  not  faid  \o  have  been  a  good  divine,  which  was  iiardly 
confiltent  with  all  il'.el'e  amufements. 

t  He  appesrcd,  according  to  the  Legend,  in  the  fliape  of  a 
^eaulifui  woman,  and  "  tempted  him  to  canulity." 

Adrian 


Class  IV.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  ^^ 

Adrian  IV.  was,  in  the  early  part  of  his  life, 
reduced  to  the  neceffity  of  fubmitcing  to  fervile 
offices  for  bread.  He  ftudied  in  France,  where, 
though  he  laboured  under  the  preffures  of  po- 
verty, he  made  a  wonderful  progrefs  in  learnino-. 
He  was,  for  his  merit,  chofen  abbot  of  St.  Rufus 
in  Provence;  and,  in  1146,  made  a  cardinal. 
In  1 154,  he  fucceeded  Anaftafius  the  Fourth  Eka.  1154. 
in  the  pontificate.  He  told  one  of  his  intimate 
friends,  that  all  the  hardfiiips  of  his  life  were 
nothing  in  comparifon  of  the  burden  of  the  pa- 
pal crown.  Such  were  the  difficulties  and  for- 
rows  which  he  had  experienced,  that  he  had 
been,  as  he  cxprefTed  it,  "  ftrained  through 
the  limbec  of  afflidion."  Frederic,  king  of  the 
Romans,  at  an  interview  with  this  pope  in  Italy, 
condefcended  to  hold  his  flirrup,  while  he 
mounted  his  horfe.  He  was  the  only  Englifh- 
man  that  ever  fat  in  St.  Peter's  chair  *,  Ok  i 
Sept.  1 159. 

St.  T  HO  M  A S  B  E  CK  E  T,  epifc.  Cantuari^ 

enjis  et  Marty  \  Hollar  f,  1647.  \17no, 

T'here  is  a  neat  fmall  oval  of  him ,  by  L.  V.  Lucas 

Vorjlerman. 

This  haughty  prelate,  who  aimed  at  papal  Confec, 
fupremacy  in  England,  began  the  famous  con-  "''''' 
troverfy  betwixt  the  crown  and  the  mitre,  in  the 
reign  of  Henry  the  Second  ;  which  was  ended 
by  his  affaffination,  29  Dec.  11 70.  He  was  two 
years  after  canonized.  The  prodigious  con- 
fluence of  pilgrims  to  his  ffirine  may  be  gueffed 
at  by  the  deep  channels  worn  in  the  marble 
pavement  of  the  cathedral  at  Canterbury,  where 
they  offered  their  gifts,  and  their  devotions. 
Forty-eight  years  after  his  deceafe,  a  contro- 

•  See  "  Biographia  Brit."  p.  39.  Fuller,  in  his  "  Wcrthiec," 
p.  13,  tells  us,t.i;u  there  were  four  popes  who  were  Englifhmtn  ; 
\>\il  he  does  not  mention  their  names.  » 

verfjr 


44  The   HISTORY      Class  IV; 

verfy  was  ftarted  among  the  do6lors  of  the 
Sorbonne,  whether  he  was  faved  or  damned ; 
and  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  he  was  cited  to 
appear  in  court,  and  tried  and  condemned  as  a 
traitor. 

His  "  Life"  was  written  in  feven  volumes,  by 
Roger,  abbot  of  Crowland,  who  fpent  fifteen 
years  in  compofing  it*. 

Lord  Lyttelton,  in  his  admirable  charader  of 
Becket,  has  reprefented  him  in  fuch  (Irong  and 
various  lights,  that  he  hath  left  us  at  a  lofs  to 
determine  whether  we  more  admire  the  polifhed 
courtier,  and  the  able  ftatefman,  or  deteft  the 
haughty  and  bigoted  prelate,  and  outrageous  in- 
cendiary. 
Confec.  14.     HUGO  DE  BALSAM,  epifc.  EUenfis,  &c, 
o«.  i'-s7.  p^^^r^  Domus  St',  Pet,  A,  D.  1265.    Faher,f.  large 
^to.  mezz. 

Hugo  de  Balfam,  when  fubprior  of  the  con- 
vent of  Ely,  was  eled:ed  bifhop  of  that  fee,  by 
the  monks,  in  oppofition  to  the  earneft  recom- 
mendation of  Henry  III.  to  eled  Henry  de 
Wingham,  his  chancellor.  Hereupon  Balfam, 
o-oing  to  Rome,  procured  the  pope's  confirma- 
tion. Wingham,  averfe  to  his  own  promotion, 
declared  that  a  more  worthy  perfon  than  himfelf 
had  been  chofen.  The  king  at  length  acquiefced, 
and  he  was  accordingly  confecrated. 

*  Few  men  have  done  more  mifchief  in  the  world  than  a  great 
part  of  thofe  that  have  been  canonized  for  faints ;  who  were  not 
'  only  bisots,  but  incendiaries  and  perfecutors.  As  the  true  hifto- 
ries  of  tlieir  lives  would  have  done  them  no  honour,  the  compilers 
of  their  memoirs  were  not  only  under  a  neceffity  of  filtering  their 
charafters,  but  of  having  recourle  to  fidlion.  It  is  not  to  be  la- 
mented, that  fuch  elaborate  works  as  this  of  the  "  Life  of  Becket," 
together  with  the  innumerable  hiftories  of  miracles,  pilgrimages, 
reliques,  habits,  beards,  and  tonfures,  are  long  fince  fwept  away 
among  the  refufeof  things. 

In  1682  were  pubiiflied  in  4!-o  "  Epiltolae  &  Vitse  Divi  Thomre 
Cantuarienfis;  &c.  &c  &c.  in  lucem  prodii6ta  ex  Manuicripto  Va- 
ticano :  Opera  &  Studio  F.  Chriltiani  Lupi  Iprenfif /'  &c.  Bruxellis. 

He 


Class  IV.      o  f  E  N  G  L  A  N  D. 

He  died  in  1286;  having  fat  twenty-eight 
years  in  the  fee  of  Ely. 

WALTERUS  DE  MERTON,  fummus 
Anglic  Cancellarius,  Epifc.  RofFenfis,  Fundr. 
Coll.  Merton,  1 267.  Faber  f.  a  Tabula  in  BtbL 
Bodleiana-^  large /^to.     One  of  the  fet  of  Founders. 

Walter  de  Merton,  lord  high  chancellor  of 
England,  in  the  reign  of  Henry  III.  and  after- 
wards bifhop  of  Rochefter,  was  the  founder  of 
the  firfl:  college  in  Oxford,  which  was  incorpo- 
rated by  royal  charter.  It  was  called  after  his 
own  name,  and  was  regulated  with  fuch  pru- 
dence, that  it  was  recommended  by  king  Henry 
to  Hugh  Balfam,  bifhop  of  E.ly,  as  a  model 
for  his  foundation  of  Peter- houfe.  He  died  the 
17th  of  Oftober,  1277^. 

MATTHi^US  Parifienfis  Hiftoricus,  qui 
ob.  1259,  &c,     T  Cecil  jc.  whole  length,  A.to. 

Matth^i  Parisiensis,  Hidorici,  &c.  vera 
effigies-,  ex  Libro  ejus  Chrotiicorum,  MS.  olim  fui  ip- 
fius^  nunc  Regio  defumpta.  A  whole  length ;  before 
the  lajl  edition  of  his  "  Hijiory.^' 

Matthew  Paris,  a  Benedifline,  of  the  monaf- 
tery  of  St.  Alban's,  ftands  in  the  firfl:  rank  of 
our  monkifli  hiftorians.  He  was  no  inconfider- 
able  poet  and  oraror  for  the  time  in  which  he 
flouriflied;  and  is  faid  to  have  underftood  paint- 
ing, architeflure,  and  the  mathematics.  He 
was  author  of  the  "  Hiftoria  Major,"  and 
<'  Hiftoria  Minor,"  which  is  an  abridgment  of 
the  former;  to  which  is  prefixed  his  portrait. 
He  is  cenfured  for  a  mixture  of  fable  in  his 
hiftory  ;  but  this  cenfure  affeds  the  charafter  of 
the  age,  rather  than  that  of  the  author  f. 

BAC- 

*  Le  Neve. 

•{■  Matthew  Paris  gives  us  the  raoft  particular  hiftory  of  the 

wan- 


^5 


46  The    HISTORY       Class  IV. 

B  A  C  C  H  O  N  (Bacon)  Rog.  Anglus ;  afmalt 
head  in  the  title  to  Crollms^s  "  Bafilica  Chymica  j'* 
Eg.  Sadekr  inc. 

There  is  another  Jmall  "print  of  him  holding  a  hookc 

Roger  Bacon,  a  Francifcan  friar,  was  ftyled 
"Do^or  MirabiliSi  for  his  great  learning,  but 
much  more  for  his  invention,  the  chara(5lerifl-ic 
of  genius.  He  difcovered  the  telefcope,  burn- 
ing-glalTes,  camera  obfcura,  gun-powder,  tranf- 
mutation  of  metals,  and  many  other  things,  the 
utility  of  v^hich  was  only  known  to  himfelf.  Dr. 
P'reind  fays,  that  a  greater  genius  in  mechanics 
has  not  rilen  fince  the  days  of  Archimedes.  A 
variety  of  authors  bear  much  the  fame  teftimony 
to  his  abilities  in  other  branches  of  fcience.  He 
was  perfecuted  by  the  barbarians  of  his  age*,  in 
which  philofophy  had  made  a  lefs  progrefs  than 
any  other  kind  of  knowledge  •,  and  geometry  and 
aftronomy  were  branded  with  the  odious  name 
of  necromancy.  Ob.  ii  June,  1292.  See  his 
"  Opus  Majus,"  by  Dr.  Jebb;  and  Dr^  Freind's 
"Hiftory  ofPhyfic." 

JOHANNES  DUNS  SCOTUS,  DoSfor 
Subtilis ;  from  the  painting  in  the  public  library  in 
Oxford  *  5  J.  Faberf.  h.fh.  mezz. 

The  portrait  of  Duns  Scotus  at  Windfor, 

which  is  much  the  fame  with  that  at  Oxford,  is 

•wandering  Jew,  that  is  to  be  found  in  any  author  J.  He  received 
this  account  from  an  Armenian  archbidiop,  and  one  of  his  domef- 
tics,  who  were  herein  the  reign  of  Henry  III.  and  who  aflirmed, 
that  they  had  their  relation  from  the  wanderer  himfelf.  This 
man  is  mentioned  by  a  multitude  of  writers.  V.  Wolfii  "  Biblio- 
theca  Hebrsea,"  torn.  ii.  p.  1095  j  where  thefe  authors  are  enume- 
rated. It  is  to  be  concluded  hence,  that  there  was  fuch  an  ira- 
poftor,   and  that  he  well  aCted  his  part. 

*  Tlie  pifture  of  Duns  in  the  Bodleian  gallery  was  painted  by 
Aflifield.  So  Hearne  informs  us,  at  p.  793.  of  Tho.  Otterbourne 
and  John  Whethamftede,  where  there  is  fome  account  of  that 
painter. 

J,  V.  Hift,  fab  «nno  iizZi 


Class  IV.       o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  4^ 

faid  to  have  been  painted  by  Efpagnolet.  It  is 
probably  not  genuine. — I  have  been,  in  genera!, 
very  cautious  of  admitting  ideal  heads-,  buc 
have  not  been  io  fcrupulous  as  to  exclude  every 
one  when  other  memorials  have  been  wantins:. 

Johannes  Duns  Scotus^,  &c.  Ord.  F,  M. 
(fratrum  minor  urn)  Conv.  i2?no. 

There  is  a  fmall  print  of  him  infcribed,  Dodof 
Subtjlis,  ScotilUrum  Princeps. 

It  requires  one  half  a  man*s  life  to  read  the 
works  of  this  profound  dodtor,  and  the  other  to 
underftand  his  fubtikies.  His  printed  works 
are  in  twelve  volumes  in  folio  J.  His  manu- 
fcripts  are  fleeping  in  Merton  college  library,  in 
Oxford,  of  which  fociety  he  was  a  member. 
He  was  tlie  head  of  the  fedl  of  fchooimen  called 
Scotifts.     Ob.  1308. 

NICHOLAUS  TRIVETUS;  Hifiorlcus^ 
€  liter  a  initiali  Ccdicis  MS.     Vertue  fc.  ^vo. 

Nicolas  Trivet,  a  Dominican  friar,  was  au- 
thor of  the  *'  Annales  6.  Regum  Anglis,"  pub- 
lifhed  by  Mr.  Ant.  Haii,  of  Queen's  College, 
Oxford,  in  2  vols.  ^vo.  17  19.  He  lived  in  tTie 
reigns  of  Edward  I.  II.  and  Ilf.  in  the  fecond 
year  of  whofe  reign  he  died,  aged  near  70. 

GUALTERUS   STAPLEDONUS  ;  epifc.    Conr.c. 
Exon.  et  magn.  Anglne  Thefaurarius^  Coll.  Exon.  et 
Aula  Cervinie  Fund''.  Anno  Domini  1316.  J.  Faber  f. 
large  /^to.  niezz. 

Walter  Stapledon  annexed  Hart  Hall,  for- 
merly called  Stapledon  Hall,  to  Exeter  College; 
but  it  is  now  independent  of  it,  and  was  crcdtcd 

J  Voluminous  works  frequently  arife  from  the  ignorance  and 
ConfuCed  ideas  of  the  authors.  If  angels  were  writer*,  lays  Mr, 
jJorris,  we  fliould  bave  few  folios, 

into 


l\0': 


48  The   HISTORY     Class  IV. 

into  a  college  by  Dr.  Newton,  Sept.  8,  1740. 
This  prelate  was  beheaded  by  the  feditious  bur- 
gelTes  of  London,  at  the  flandard  and  crofs  in 
Cheapfide,  15  061.  1326. 

WILLIAM  of  WICKHAM,  bifiiop  of 
"Winchefter  •,  Houhraken  fc,  large  h.  fi.  From  a 
p^ure  at  JVincheJier  College.     Elujt.  Head. 

GuLiELMUS  de  Wykeham;  epifc.  Winton.  et, 
iotius  Anglic  Cancell.  Fund\  Coll.  B.  Maria  fVinton. 
vulgo  vocat.  New  Coll.  1379  ;  et  paulo  poji  (1387) 
Coll.  B.  Maria  PFinton,  prope  JVinton.  J.  Faher.  f. 
large  ^to. 

William  of  Wykeham,  taken  from  a  mojl  art' 
cient  pi5fure  of  him,  preferred  in  PFincheJler  College, 
Grignion  fc.  whole  length,  Jh. 

Confec.  The  great  and  ufeful  talents  of  William  of 

JoEd.iii.  Wickham,  efpecially  his  fkill  in  architedlure, 
appear  to  have  recommended  him  to  the  favour 
of  Edward  the  Third.  He  perfuaded  that  mon- 
arch to  pull  down  a  great  part  of  the  caftlc  of 
Windfor,  and  rebuild  it  from  his  plan,  in  that 
plain  magnificence  in  which  it  appears  at  pre- 
fent*.  He  alfo  drew  the  plan,  and  fuperin- 
tended  the  building  of  Queenborough  caftle. 
He  was  afterwards  made  fecretary  of  ftate,  and 
lord  privy  feal ;  and  had  other  accumulated 
preferments,  before  he  was  promoted  to  the 
fee  of  Winchefter.     Ob.  27  Sept.  1404. 

Dr.  Lowth,  the  prefent  bilhop  of  Oxford, 
who  did  great  honour  to  both  the  colleges  found- 
ed by  Wickham,  has  done  due  honour  to  the 
illuftrious  founder,  by  writing  the  hiftory  of  his 
life. 

♦  Edward  III,  aflefled  every  county  in  England,  to  fend  hinfi  a 
certain  number  of  mafons,  tilers,  and  carpenters  for  that  work» 
Aiiiiuolc's  "  Hift.  of  the  Garter,"  p.  119, 

GULI- 


Class IV.       OP    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  4P 

GULIELMUS  BATEMAN,  epifc.  Norwic, 
AuU  S.  S.  et  individu<£  Trinitatis  Fund''.  Anno  Uom. 
1350.  Faber  f,  large /[to. 

Bifhop  Bateman  was  the  founder  of  Trinity  <^onrec. 
plall^  which  was  originally  an  hotel  or  houfe  of  Sriii.  iir. 
entertainment  for  ftudents.    He  eretted  this  ho- 
tel into  a  college  *.     He  was  a  great  mafter  of 
the  civil  and  canon  law.     He  died  and  was  bu- 
ried at  Avignon,  1354. 

ROBERTUS  EGGLESFlELDi  Coll.  Regin^ 
Fundf.  Burghers fc, 

RoBERTUs  EggleSfield;  Murray  p.  Faherf* 
v:hole  lengthy  h.  jh.  mezz. 

The  outline  of  the  head  of  this  portrait  wa3 
taken  by  Murray,  from  an  efiigy  engraved  on  a 
brafs  plate,   fornnerly  afiixed  to  Robert  Eggles- 
field's  tomb,  in  the  old  chapel  of  Queen's  Col- 
lege, in  Oxford.     The  painting,  and  the  plate^ 
to  which  the  whole  length  of  queen  Philippa  is 
Companion,  belong  to  the  Society  of  that  college, 
RoBERTus    EgglesfieLd  •,    Regime    Philipf/e 
Edvardi  3.  Regis  Anglic  a  facris  coyifejjwmbus^  ColL 
Reginenfe  fundavit  Anno  Dk    134.0.      7.   F'abcr  j\ 
large  ^to. 

On  the  feaft  of  the  Circumcifion,  the  Burfjr 
of  Queen's  College  gives  to  every  member  of 
that  Society,  a  needle  and  thread,  in  remem- 
brance of  the  founder ;  the  words  aiguille  Jit 
compofmg  a  kind  of  rebus  on  his  name. — I  can- 
not find  that  he  had  any  higher  preferment  in 
the  church  than  the  redory  of  B rough -}-  in  +  Pro^oon- 
Weilmoreland.  "^  ^"'^• 

JOHANNES  \V  I C  K  L  I  F,  S.  T.  P,  Sec. 

A  tabula  penes  mbilijjimum  diicem  Dorfelice  ;  G.  l-Vhile 
f.  h,  /Ij.  mezz.   This  bai  b^en  copied. 

»  Cantab,  Dep'n^i 

Vol.  L  E  Jn 


'^6  The   HISTORY      Class IV; 

In  Balers  '*  Illujlrium  tnajoris  Britannia  ScriptO' 
*'  riim^i^c.  Summariumj'  1548,  4/^.  is  a  curious  head 
of  IViclif.  There  is  another  of  him^  and  other  Eng- 
lifij  divines^  "  Praflantium  aliquot  'Theohgorum,  ^c, 
^'  Effigies;  qui  bus  addita  Elogia^  i6c.  Opera  Jac. 
*'  Verheiden  •,"  HagiS  Com.  1 602,  exaid.  Hen.  Hon^ 
dius.  This  is  printed  e^aElly  in  the  fame  manner  with 
the  "  H.eroologia^''  and  was,  doubtltfs,  the  model  of  it, 

Jean  Wiclef,  Anglois,  &c.  in  an  oval  of  oaken 
foliage^  done  in  wood,  d^to. 

Johannes  Wiclef,  ^c.   From  the  Continuation 
of  Boijfard's  Bibliotheca  Chalcographica^  ^to. 
Jean  Wicklef  ;  Defrochers  fc,  8w. 
Johannes  WicKLiFFE  ;   J,  Faberf.   1714,  h, 
Jh:  mezz. 

Johannes  Wiclif  j  A  Vanhaecken  f,  large  ^to, 
mezz. 

Johannes  Wicliffe  •,  R.  Houjlcnf.  large  ^.to, 
mezz.   A  tabula  in  Coll.  Reg.  Cantab.  * 

Wicliffe  may  be  regarded  as  the  father  of  the 
Reformation,  as  he  was  the  firft  in  Europe  who 
ventured  to  bring  religion  to  the  teft  of  Scrip- 
ture, and  ecclefiaftical  antiquity.  The  aufte- 
rity  of  his  life,  and  the  fandtity  of  his  manners, 
added  great  weight  to  his  doctrine.  Ke  was 
indefatigable  in  his  labours,  and  generally  went 
about  barefooted,  in  the  garb  of  a  pilgrim. 
He  tranQrited  the  New  Teftament  from  the  Vul- 
gate, which  was  printed  with  Lewis's  "  Hif- 
tory  of  the  Englifh  Bibles,"  in  fol.  1731.  Cal- 
met  informs,  that  he  tranflated  the  whole  Bible; 
,  and  that  there  were  feveral  manufcripts  of  this 
tranflation  -f,  but  that  it  was  never  printed.  He 
died  at  his  re(fl:ory  of  Lutterworth  in  Leicefter- 

•  Houfton  has  engraved  the  heads  of  all  the  reformers  for 
Holt's  "  Lives,"  fol. 

f  In  the  library  of  Emanuel  College,  in  Cambridge,  is  a  beau- 
tiful manufcripr  ot  the  whole  Bible,  on  velium,  which  is  of  Wic- 
Ijfft's  time,  or  very  near  it, 

fliire. 


ClassIV.      of   ENGLAND.  51 

Ihire,  1385.     His  tenets  were  much  the  fame 
with  tholb  of  Calvin  -f . 

HENRICUS    CHICHLEY,    Jrchiep, 

Cant.  Fundr.  CoiL  Omn,  Jnimarum,  An°.  Bo?n.  1437. 

J.  Faber  f.  large  ^to. 
H.  Chichley,  &c.  M.  Burghers fc.  h.Jh^ 
Dr.  Henry  Chichele,  &r:.  M.  Burgher i  fc.  2vff, 
Henry  Chichely,   &c.    Bartohzzi  fc.   whole 

lengthy  fine.    From  a  private  plate  in  the  pcffcff'.n  of 

Dr.  Beaver^  of  All  Souls  f. 

I  have  fome  reafon  to  believe  that  all  the 
above  prints,  except  that  by  Bartoiozzi,  were 
done  after  a  pitSlure  which  belonged  to  the 
late  Dr.  Doyly,  Prebendary  of  Ely,  and  fome 
time  Fellow  of  AH  Souls ;  who,  when  he 
w^s  at  that  college,  in  1738,  had  a  portrait  of 
Archbifhop  Chichely,  the  face  of  which,  as  he 
then  told  Mr.  Cole,  of  King's  College  in  Cam- 
bridge J,  was  taken  from  one  of  the  family. 
There  is  fome  probability  that  this  may  be  like 
him,  as  a  face,  at  lead  fome  features  of  ir,  has 
certainly  been  tranfmitted  to  many  generations.     Tr.  from 

Archbifhop  Chichely  v/as  employed  in  feveral  ^'-  ^^vid's 
embaflies  by  Henry  V.  whom   he  artfully  di-  ^^^'^' 
verted  from  his  purpofe  of  diffolving  the  ab- 
bies,  by  perfuading  him  to  a  war  with  France, 
which  he  thought  would  find  fufficient  employ- 
ment for  his  ambitious  and  adlive  fpirit.     Be- 

*  Lewis,  in  his  "  Hiftory  of  the  Tranflations  of  the  Bible," 
8vo.  p.  47,  &c.  has,  I  think,  fufficiently  proved,  that  the  word 
Knave  \niie:i.A  of  Ser-va/it  cf  Jefus  Chrirt,  faid  by  Dr.  Fuller  to 
be  in  Wicliife's  "  Tratijlation  of  the  BiLlc  |1."  was  only  an  artful 
interpolation. 

II  "  Church  Hift."  lib.  iv.  p.  142. 

•f  There  is  a  whole  length  of  Henry  VI.  engraved  by  the  fame 
liand,  and  much  in  the  fame  manner. 

J  Afterwards  rector  of  Blecheley,  Bucks,  an  eminent  antiquary, 
and  no  lefs  worthy  man,  to  whom  the  auUior  of  this  work  is 
greatly  obliged  for  his  kind  anillance. 

E  z  fides 


34-o« 


52  The    HISTORY      Class  IV. 

ficles  the  college  of  All-Souls,  he  founded  St. 
Bernard's  Hoftle  at  Oxford,  aftewards  im- 
proved, and  converted  into  St.  John's  College; 
and  an  hofpital  for  the  poor,  at  Higham  Ferrers 
in  Northarnptonfliire,  the  place  of  his  nativity. 
Oh.  12  April,  1443. 

RICHARDUS  FLEMING;  eplfc.  Lin- 
coln. Fu?idator  Coll.  Line.  1427.  J.  Faber  f.  large 
^to,  mezz.     One  of  the  Jet  of  Founders. 

Richard  Fleming,   a  native  of  Croydon  in 
Yorkfhire,  received  his  education  in  the  univer- 
Confec.  fity  of  Oxford.     In   1420  he  v^as  advanced  to 

the  billiopric  of  Lincoln  by  the  pope ;  and 
after  he  had  fat  in  that  fee  about  four  years,  was, 
by  the  fame  power,  tranflated  to  York.  But  this 
provifion  was,  according  to  Godwin,  fo  ftrenu- 
oufly  oppofed  by  the  dean  and  chapter  of  that 
church,  and  difapproved  of  by  the  king,  that 
he  was  forced  to  return  to  Lincoln.  He  diftin- 
guifhed  himfelf  in  the  former  part  of  his  life  by 
ailerting  the  doftrine  of  WiclifFe ;  as  he  did  in 
the  latter,  by  his  oppofnion  to  it.  He  caufed 
the  bones  of  that  confefTor  to  be  taken  up  and 
burnt,  according  to  the  decree  of  the  council  of 
Siena.  It  is  faid,  that  the  collev^e  which  he 
founded,  was  intended  as  a  feminary  for  learned 
men  who  Ihould  oppofe  WiclifFe's  opinions. 
He  died  25  Jan.  1430,  and  was  buried  in  his  own 
cathedral,  where  a  fumptuous  monument  was 
ereded  to  his  memory. 

WILLIAM  WAYNFLEET,  bifhcp 
of  Wincheller;  Houbraken  fc.  1742.  From  a  pic- 
ture at  Magdalen  College  Oxford.  Illuji.  Head, 
large  h.  Jlo. 

GuLiELMUs  Patten,  alias  W/ynfleet  ,  to- 
tus  AngtLc  Caned,    epf.   Winton.   Coll.  B.  Maria 

M(Jgd» 


Class  IV.      of  ENGLAND.  ^^ 

Magd.  Oxon.  et  Aultz  adjunSfa  Fundr,  A.D,   1459. 
y,  Faher  f.  large  \io,  mezz. 

"William  Waynfleet,    who  had    been  twelve 
years  fchool- mailer  of  Winchefter,  was  after- 
wards lucceffively  fchool- mailer  and  provoft  of 
Eton;  and  in  April  1447,  he  fucceeded  cdrdi- confec, 
nal   Beaufort  in   the   billiopric  of  Winchefter.   ^447.' 
lie  was   made  lord  chancellor  of  England,  in 
the  room   of  archbifhop    Bourchier,      Qb.    11 
Aug.  i486.     His   magnificent  tomb,  and  that 
of  the  cardinal,  are  ftill  in  good  prefervation,  in 
the  cathedral  to  which  they  belonged. 

DAN    JOHN    LYDGATE,    of   Bury, 

poet  laureate  -,    ad  exemplar  MS.  elegant ijjimi  ab  /. 

Lydgate  Henrico  VL  dicat.  etiamnum  in  Biblioibeca 

Harleiana  ajfervatl ;  large  h.  jJo,    One  of  the  Set  of  1 

foets,  by  Vertue,  olse  Sfn^ii  }\  .sk  -   'j .  '^(xUev\   S-cc   w'c*\ 

John  Lydgate  was  a  Benediftine  monk  of  the     fie^c-j   ,-/Jii 
abbey  of  St.  Edmondfbury.     He  travelled  into  / 

France  and  Italy,   to  acquire  the  arts  and  Ian-      "^7-   ^^*'^*v  c 
guages  of  thole  countries,  and  was  a  good  poet  <^->>^ 

tor  the  age  in  which  he  lived.     Bale  and  Pits  '^'  '  *^ 

have  given  us  catalogues  of  his   Englilli   and    Ictrru    -f^T 
Latin  works  -,  and  in  Weever's  '*  Funeral  Mo-  -^ 

numents,"  are  many  fpecimens  of  his  poetry, 
colledled  from  tombs  in  the  county  of  Suffolk. 
Ob.  1440,  y^tat.  60, 

ROBERTUS  WOODLARKF,  D.  D.  ColL 
Reg.  pi^cGpo/iius,  acijd.  Cantab.  CancellariuSy  et  AuL-e 
Sancla  Caiharina  Fund.  1473.  J'  Faber.  f.  large 
/^to.  mezz. 

He  was  the  third  provofi;  of  King's  College  ia 
Cambridge. 

THOMAS  de  ROTHERAM,  alias  Scot*; 

•  Sonietimes  more  properly  written  Thomas  Scot,  alias  de  Ro- 
theram. 

E  3  an 


54  The    HISTORY       Class  IV. 

an  mperfeSi  print  \  one  of  the  Set  of  Founders  hy  Fa- 
her :  large  a^to.  mezz. 

Thomas  de  Rotheram,  fo  called  from  the 
place  of  his  nativity  in  Yorkfhire,  is  ftyled  the 
Second  founder  of  Lincoln  College  in  Oxford  j 
which  was  begun  and  carried  on  by  Richard  Fie* 
ming,  and  completed  by  Rotheram,  after  he 
had  fncceeded  him  in  the  bifhopric  of  Lin- 
coln ;  v/hence,  in  1480,  he  was  tranflated  to 
York.  He  was  fome  time  Lord  High  Chan- 
cellor of  England,  and  Chancellor  of  Oxford  ; 
and  was  fecretary  of  ftate  in  four  reigns.  He 
was  alfo  legate  of  the  apoftolic  fee.  Fie  died 
the  29th  of  May,  1500,  Hearne  has  publifhed 
largely  concerning  him,  in  "  Lib.  Nig.  Scacca- 
^'  rii,"  p.  666,  756^ 

«  The  portraiture  of  JOHN  ROUS  (Rofs), 
«'  fometime  a  chantry  prieft  here  f ;  as  it  was 
*'  taken  from  an  ancient  roll,  drav/n  by  himfelf, 
*'  wherein  the  pidurcs  of  the  earls  of  Warwick 
"are  curloufiy  delineated;  M.  B,  (Burghers) 
.f'fc,  Svo" 

This  print  is  copied  from  that  hy  lioUar  in  Dug- 
(iiilc's  Warwickjhire. 

John  Rofs  has  been  fometimes  called  a  regu- 
lar canon  of  Ofeney,  near  Oxford.  He  was 
author  of  the  '•  Hiftoria  Regum  AngliiE,"  un- 
der his  name ;  of  which  an  edition  was  pub- 
lifhed by  Hearne,  in  8vo,  1716.  His  portrait 
is  prefixed  to  his  hillory.     Ob.  149 1. 

WILLIAM  WARFIAM,  archbiOiop  of 
Canterbury,  and  lord  chancellor.  See  the  reigf^ 
pf  Henry  YIII.  Clafs  IV, 

f  At  Warwick^ 

RI<* 


Class  V.      of    ENGLAND;  ^^ 

RICHARD  FOX,  biOiop  of  Winchefter. 
See  a  defcription  of  his  portrait  under  the  reign  of 
Henry  VIII. 

JOHANNES  ALCOCK;  epifc.  Elienfis, 
iotius  AnglicC  Cancellarius,  Fund*'.  Coll.  Jefu  Cantab, 
Anno  Dom.  1497. 

John  Alcock,  who  was  Chancellor  to  Edward  T'-  ^'°'^ 
the   Fourth,    and  Henry   the   Seventh*,    con- i^g^'^^' ^' 
verted  the  old  nunnery  of  St.  Radegund  into 
Jefus  College.     Bale  fpeaks  in  very  high  terms 
of  his   piety  and   mortification.      Ob.   i    06t. 
1500. 

Mr.  Bentham,  in  his  excellent  hiftory  of  the 
church  of  Ely,  informs  us  f  that  he  was  Mafter 
of  the  Rolls,  and  a  Privy  Counfellor,  in  the 
reign  of  Edward  IV.  and  employed  in  feveral 
embaffies  by  that  prince  :  that  he  was  precep- 
tor to  Edward  V.  was  a  confiderable  writer,  and 
of  eminent  fkill  in  architedure  -,  of  which  there 
is  a  beautiful  but  ruinated  fpecimen,  in  the 
Chapel  of  Ely  cathedral  that  bears  his  name. 
See  plate  ,xxi.  of  the  elegant  book  juft  men- 
tioned. 

WILLIAM  SMITH,  bifhop  of  Lincoln. 
See  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII. 

C  L  A  S  S    V. 
COMMONERS  in  great  Employments, 

Sir  G I  LB  ER  T  T  A  LBO  T ;  ^  fmall  head,  in 
'vol.  ii.  p.  211,  of  Anjtis's  '•'-.Regijler  of  the  Garter.'*, 

*  Before  the  revival  of  literature,  the  arra  of  which  was  about 
the  lame  time  with  the  reformation  of  religion,  the  higheft  offices 
of  flate  were  ufually  borne  by  the  clergy,  who  were  ponefled  of 
alinoll  all'' the  learning  of  thefe  times,  and  their  knowledge  was 
generally  limited  to  fcnool  divinity,  and  the  civil  and  canon  law. 

■\?.  i%z,  183. 

E  4  'J^his 


SS  The    HISTORY      Class  VI. 

TbiS  was  taken  from  the  hujlj  at  his  feat  ^  at  Grafton^ 
tn  Worcefterfhire. 

Sir  Gilbert  Talbot,  third  fon  of  John,  the  fe- 
cond  Earl  of  Shrewfbnry,  was  a  man  of  various 
talents,  and  equally  qualified  for  the  bufinefs  of 
peace  ^r  war.  He  commanded  the  right  wing 
of  [he  earl  of  Richmond's  army,  at  the  battle 
of  Bofworth,  where  he  was  unfortunately  woupd- 
ed.  He  was  one  of  ihe  perfons  lent  by  Henry 
VII,  on  the  expedition  in  behalf  of  Maximilian 
the  emperor.  It  appears  from  a  curious  inden- 
ture, now  extant,  that  John  Pounde,  citizea 
and  grocer  of  London,  "  was  placed  an  ap- 
«'  prentice  to  Sir  Gilbert  Talbot,  citizen  and 
f'  mercer  of  London^,  and  merchant  of  thc^da- 
*'  pie  at  Calais  j"  of  which  place  he  was  deputy, 
in  the  fame  reign.  He  was  by  Henry,  fent 
ambaffador  to  Rome,  to  congratulate  Pius  Ilf. 
upon  his  eledfion  to  the  Pontihcate.  Though  a 
commoner  and  a  citizen,  he  was  honoured  with 
Ithe  order  of  the  Garter  in  the  reign  of  Henry 
yil.  He  died  on  the  if)th  of  September^  il^ 
the  fevcnth  year  of  Henry  VIII. 


c  L  A  s  s  vr. 

M  E  N  of  the  R  O  B  E. 

Sir  JOHN  F  O  R  T  E  S  C  U  E,  knight,  lord 
chief-jullice,  and  Iqid  chancellor  of  England,  un- 
der Iv.  Henry  VI.  IV,  Faith^rne  fc.  h^jh.  Froni 
tifpicce  to  IVaterhcuJe's  Commentary  on  his  Book 
"  De  Laudihus  he^um  Anglice."     FoL 

Sir  Jai-iN  FoRTEscuE,  and  prince  Edward  ;  G. 
Va-'diVgucht  fc.  ^to.  Frontifpicce  to  one  of  the  traJifi 
hiti^ns  of  the  above-meiitiohed  book* 

Jhi? 


CtAssVL      OF    ENGLAND.  ^^ 

This  great  lawyer  and  ftatefman,  who  was  Promot.  25 
jOne  of  the  mofl:  learned  men  of  his  age,  was  ^^'^'  '^**' 
lord  chief-juftice  of  the  King's-Bench  in  the 
j-eign  of  Henry  VI.  and  confticuted  chancellor 
to  that  unfortunate  prince,  after  Edward  IV. 
was  in  poiTefTion  of  the  throne.  He  followed 
the  fortunes  of  the  houfe  of  Lancafter,  and  was 
pany  years  in  exile,  with  queen  Margaret  and 
prince  Edward  her  Ibn.  Soon  after  the  decifive 
battle  of  Tewkfbury,  he  was  thrown  into  prifon, 
and  attainted,  with  other  Lancaftrians ;  buc 
found  means  to  procure  his  pardon  from  Ed- 
ward IV.  His  celebrated  book  "  De  Laudibus 
Legum  Anglian,"  was  written  fpr  the  ufe  of 
prince  Edward.  Several  editions  of  it  have 
been  publifhed  in  Latin  and  Englifn  ;  to  one  of 
which  Mr.  Selden  wrote  notes.  His  book  on 
the  "  Difference  betwixt  an  abfolute  and  limited 
Monarchy,"  was  publifhed  by  John  Eortefcue 
Aland,  Efq.  afterwards  lord  Fortefcue,  in  8vo. 
1714.  See  an  account  of  his  Engliih  and  Latiri 
MSS.  in  "  Biographia  Britannica/'  0^, 
JEt.  dr.  90. 

Judge  LITTLETON,  (or  Lyttleton) 
the  famous  Englifh  lawyer-,  R.  Vaughn  fc.  In  an 
ermined  rohe^  kneeling^  h.  Jh. — Another,  co-pied  from 
the  former,  fmall, 

Judge  Littleton,  in  his  robes,  whole  lengthy 
4id.  etched  from  a  limning  in  a  MS.  of  his  time,  i?i 
the  poffeffion  of  Mr.  Hardmge. 

There  is  a  whole  length  p'dure  of  him  at 
Hagley,  in  Vv^orcefterfhire.  This  is  a  copy  from 
the  painted  glafs  in  the  Middle  Temple  hall. 

Sir  Thomas  Littleton  was  a  jucioe  of  the 
Common  Pleas,  and  a  Knight  of  the  Bath,  in  ^romof.  25 

the  Apnl,J446. 


58  The   HISTORY      CLAssVir: 

the  reign  of  Edward  IV.  He  was  author  of 
the  celebrated  book  of  "  Tenures,  or  Titles;" 
by  which  all  eftates  were  anciently  held  in  Eng^ 
land.  Sir  Edward  Coke's  <•  Book  of  Inftitutes" 
is  a  comment  on  this  work.  The  firft  edition 
of  it  was  printed  at  Roan,  about  the  year  1533. 
This  great  lawyer  was  anceftor  of  Sir  Edward 
Littleton  '*,  lord-keeper  in  the  reign  of  Charles 
I.  and  of  the  prefent  lord  Lyttelton.  Oh^ 
1481. 

CLASS    vir. 

M  E  N  of  the  S  W  O  R  D. 

WILLIAM  WALLACE;  JValker  fc. 
Jmall:  e?igraved  for  Dr.  Smolletfs  Hijiory, 

GuLiELMus  Vallas,  hcz.  Jmoll  h.'Jh.  mezz.  m 
the  manner  of  the  elder  Faber. 

Sir  William  Wallace,  from  the  painting  at 
JHolyyood  Uoufe^  Wat f on  (jun.)  -f  fecit,  la?ge  h.  fh, 
tnezz. 

There  are  many  portraits,  at  lead  painted  me- 
morials, of  Sir  William  Wallace  in  Scotland. 

This  great  man's  heroic  adlions  fliew,  what 
perfonal  intrepidity,  roufed  by  refentment,  and 
animated  by  fucccfs,  is  able  to  execute.  After 
the  Scots  had  fubmitted  to  a  foreign  yoke,  he 
at  the  head  of  a  few  fugitives  and  defperadoes, 
dared  to  afiert  the  independence  of  his  country, 
and  took  every  opportunity  of  attacking  the 
Engliih.  As  he  was  ever  fuccel'sful,  he  was 
continually  joined  by  other  malecontents ;  and 

*  Dr.  Plot,  in  his  '*  Hiftory  of  Staffjrdihire,"  p.  aSo,  obferves, 
that  there  were  fuccefFively  nine  fir  Edwards  of  this  family,  to  the 
great  embarraltment  of  genealogiils. 

f  His  name  is  Thomas,  James  is  the  name  of  the  other  en- 
graver in  mezzotinto, 

was 


Class  VII.      o  f  E  N  G  L  A  N  D;  0 

was,  at  length,  at  the  head  of  an  army  which 
drove  them  out  of  Scotland,  and  appointed  him 
regent  of  the  kingdom.  He  was  bafely  betray- 
ed into  the  hands  of  Edward  I.  by  his  infamous 
friend  Menteith  ^,  and  foon  after  executed  as  a 
a  traitor,  in  1304-1-. 

*'  The  portraiture  and  coat-armour  of  Sir  WIL- 
«'LI  AM  DELAMORE,anceftor  to  the  pre- 
•'  fent  Sir  Edward  More,  of  More- Hall  J,  and 
"  Bank-Hal],  in  Lancalhire,  Bart,  which  faid  Sir 
*'  William  was  made  knight-banneret  by  Edward 
"  the  Black  Prince,  at  the  battle  of  Poidliiers  in 
*='  France."  Whole  length  in  armour.  The  print  is  in 
Guillirn's  "  Heraldry^  JoL 

JOANNES  ACUTUS;.?  pr trait,  in 
Pauli  JgvU  '*  Elogia^^  lib.  ii.  />.  1 15.  T^here  is  an- 
other portrait  of  him^  amon^  other  great  captains  of 
his  age,  in  "  Ritratti  di  Capitani  illujiri,'*  /[to.  There 
is  a  Grub-jireet  life  of  him  in  the  black  letter  with  a 
fuitable  print.  But  that  which  carries  with  it  the 
great  eft  appearance  of  authenticity,  is  the  folio  print, 
engraved  from  the  equeftrian  figure  on  his  monument  in 
the  church  of  Santa  Maria  Florida,  at  Florence,  ly 
T,  Patch,  1771.  //  is  infcrihed  '-'•  Joannes  Acntus, 
*'  Eques  Britannicus,  Dux  Jitatis  fucd  cautifftmus,  et 
*'  rei  militaris  peritiffunus  habitus  eft,  Pauli  Uccelli 
f'  Opus,  1436." 

No  hero  had  ever  a  greater  hand  in  forming 
himfelf,  and  framing  his  own  fortune,  than  Sir 
John  Hawkwood.  He  Vv^as  the  fon  of  a  tanner, 
at  Hendingham  Sibil,  in  Eflcx,  where  he  was 

*  Or  Montelth. 

f  The  Scots,  in  former  ages,  were  as  eminent  for  arms,  as  tliey 
sre  at  prefent  for  literary  accompliniments.  David  Camerarius 
Jias  written  a  book  upon  the  valour,  &c.  of  that  people. 

X  The  famous  ballad  of  the  Dragon  of  Wantley,  was  made 
upon  one  of  this  family.  It  is  accounted  for  in  the  "  Reliques  of 
ancient  Engliih  Poetry,"  Vol,  III.  p.  277,  where  it  is  fuppoftd 
to  have  been  written  "  late  in  the  Jalt  century." 

borr^ 


fQ  The    HISTORY      Class  VII, 

born,  in  the  reign  of  Edward  III.  He  was 
bound  apprentice  to  a  tailor,  in  London  ;  but 
being  fortunately  prefTed  into  the  army,  was 
lent  abroad,  where  his  genius,  which  had  been 
cramped  and  confined  to  the  fhop,  foon  expand- 
ed itlelf,  and  furmounted  the  narrow  prejudices 
•  which  adhered  to  his  birth  and  occupation.  He 
fjgnalizcd  himfelf  as  a  foldier,  in  France  and 
Italy,  and  particularly  at  Piia  in  Florence.  He 
commanded  with  great  ability  and  fuccefs,  in 
the  army  of  (jaleacia,  Duke  of  Milan,  and  was 
in  fo  high  efteem  with  Barnabas  his  brother,  that 
he  gave  him  Domicia,  his  natural  daughter, 
in  marriage,  with  an  ample  fortune.  But  he,  af- 
terwards, from  motives  which  we  cannot  well 
account  for,  and  that  feem  to  refieft  upon  his 
honour,  turned  his  arms  againft  his  father-in-law. 
He  died  at  Florence,  full  pf  years  and  military 
fame,  in  1394.  Having  gained,  among  the 
Florentines,  the  character  of  the  bell:  foldier  of 
the  age,  they  ereded  a  fumptuous  monument 
to  his  rnemory.  Paul  Jovius,  the  celebrated 
biographer  of  iiluftrious  men,  hath  written  his 
elogy.  Fie,  in  the  monumental  infcription,  and 
the  "  Elogia,"  is  ftyled  Joannes  Acutus;  hence 
it  is  that  fome  of  our  travellers  have,  in  their 
journals,  mentioned  him  under  the  name  of 
John  Sharp,  the  great  captain.  See  more  of 
him  in  Morant's  ^*  Effcx,"  vol.  ii.  p.  287,  &c, 

The  poYirait  ^/  H  E  NR  Y  F  I  T  Z  ALAN, 
or  h'L,  W  I N  E,  the  firjt  Lord  Mayor  of  London  ^, 
who  was  ek5ied  in  1 189,  is  etigraved  from  a  pciuvQ 
called  original  in  Drapers  hall, 

*  Before  "  The  Hiftory  and  Antiquities  of  Winchctkr,"  (il- 
ln!trated  with  plates),  \Vii\ton.  1773,  is  a  print  of  Florence  de 
Lunn,  e'q.  firrt;  mayor  of  Wincheiier,  A.  D.  1184.  The  booh, 
ivhicli  is  writttii  by  an  able,  but  unknown  haiidj  well  deferves 
She  i-cauci's  uotict. 

^het;e 


Class  VII.      o  f  E  N  G  L  A  N  D;  a 

There  is  alfo  a  pint  of  Sir  W I L  L I A  M  W  A  L- 

"W  O  il  T  H,  another  Lord  Mayor ^  who  bravdyftab- 
led  IVat  Tyler  to  the  heart,  and  hy  that  Jtroke  put  an 
end  to  a  Jormidable  rebellion,  in  the  reign  of  Richard 
IL  This,  as  fome  ajfert,  gave  occafion  to  the  dagger 
in  the  jirjt  quarter  of  the  city  arms.  The  print  was 
engraved  by  Gngnion,  "  after  the  original  Jtatue^^^  as 
it  is  called,  in  Fifhmonger's  ball  *.  Sir  William  was 
eh  Bed  Lord  Mayor  in  1380. 

J  he  true  effigies  of  that  valiant  knight,  and  mer- 
chant  taylor.  Sir  RALPH  B  L  A  C  K  W  E  L  L  ; 
gold  chain  \  arms  of  the  city  of  London,  on  the  rights 
and  the  achievement  of  the  merchant-taylors  on  the  left. 
This  was  engraved  for  a  book,  in  the  black  letter,  call- 
ed *'  The  Honour  of  Merchant  Taylors,^^  fmall  /\.to. 

This  book  appears  to  be  of  the  fame  clafs,  if 
not  written  by  the  fame  hand,  with  the  v/eli 
known  Hiftoryof  Sir  Richard  Whittington.  Ic 
contains  the  adventures  of  Sir  John  Hawkwood  ^ 
of  William,  his  fellow  'prentice  ;  and  of  Sir 
Ralph  Blackwell ;  who  was  a  journeyman  in  the 
fame  (liop.  Hawkwood  and  Blackwell  are  faid 
to  have  received  the  honour  of  knighthood  from 
Edward  111.  for  their  valour.  Romantic  and 
extravagant  as  this  hiftory  is,  it  is  rather  mOrc 
probable  than  that  of  Whittington  ;  as  in  an 
age,  when  courage  and  military  addrefs  opened 
the  way  to  fame  and  fortune,  and  the  honour  of 
knighthood  was  a  capital  diilinction  amongll 
mankind,  there  is  greater  probability  that  one 
poor  man  fliould  tiiil'e  himfclf  by  his  fword,  than 

•  Antiquaries  are  fometimes'  apt  to  believe  Inftily,  with  refpefl 
to  the  authenticity  of  painting-s  or  Iculptures  ;  and  r.;imu  loniC 
tilings  into  their  colle<5tions  with  as  much  readinefs  as  they  onglit 
to  be  rtjeiiled.  Such  traOi  may  (crve  to  fill  the  chadns  of  a  feries, 
to  add  to  its  nuuibpr,  ami  anfwer  the  purpofe  of  retrelhinj^,  or 
fixing  the  memory  In  this  view,  tlie  portrait  of  the  BlackimitU 
at  Oxford  maybe  juft  as  ufcful  as  if  John  BAiol  had  liiC  for  ii. 

iha: 


6t     ■  TmeHISTORY      Class  VIIL 

that  another  fhould  by  a  cat.  Ralph  Blackwell 
is  faid  to  have  married  his  mailer's  daughter, 
and  to  have  enriched  himfelf  greatly  by  feuade. 
It  was  this,  chiefly,  that  enabled  him  to  be  the 
founder  of  Blackwell  Hall.  The  reader  will 
pardon  a  ludicrous  remark  for  the  fake  of  the 
truth  of  it ;  the  Author  of  this  Hiflory  hath  {q 
charafterized  his  heroes  as  to  reverfe  the  vulgar 
adage  that  nine  tailors  make  a  man  :  on  the 
contrary,  according  to  his  ftandard,  nine  ordi- 
nary men  are  required  to  make  a  tailor.  The 
fame  author  informs  us  that  Sir  Ralph  Black- 
well  was  Sheriff  and  Alderman  of  London  ;  but 
I  do  not  find  his  name  on  the  Lift  of  Sheriffs. 

JEAN   TALBOT,  Capitaine  Anglois ;  in 
'And.  Tbevei.  Livre  4. 

Taken  from  an  old  MS.  in  the  poffeffion  of 
Louifa  de  Savoy,  mother  of  Francis  the  Firfl:, 
king  of  France.  His  pidlure  was  alfo  to  be  feen 
in  1580,  in  caftle,  built  by  him. 

See  Clafs  IIL 

CLASS    VIIL 
KNIGHTS,   GENTLEMEN,  &c; 

"  The  true  portraiclure  of  RICHARD 
"WHITINGTON,  thrife  lord  maior  of 
*'  London  ;  a  vertuous  and  godly  man,  full  of 
*'  good  works,  and  thofe  famous.  He  builded 
"  the  gate  of  London,  called  Newegate,  which 
"  was  before  a  miferable  doungeon.  He  builded 
*'  Whitington  Colledge,  and  made  it  an  Almofe- 
*«  houfe  for  poor  people.  Alfo  he  builded  a 
"  greate  parte  of  the  hofpitall  of  St.  Bartholo- 
"  mew's,  in  Welt-Smithfield,  in  London.  He 
"  alfo  builded  the  beautiful  library  at  the  Gray 
*f  Friars   in  London,  called   Chrifte's  Hofpitall. 

He 


Class  IX.      of  ENGLAND.  e$ 

"  He  alfo  builded  the  Guildehalle  chappell,  and 
*'  increafed  a  greate  parte  of  the  eaft  ende  of  the 
*'  faid  halle ;  befide  many  other  goode  workes.'* 
R.  Eljlracke  fc.  Collar  of  SS.  his  right  hand  on  a  cat. 
The  cat  has  been  inferted,  as  the  common  people  did 
not  care  to  buy  the  print  without  it :  '^There  wa'.  none 
criginally  in  the  plate^  but  a  fcull  irl  the  place  of  the 
cat,  I  have  feen  only  two  proofs  of  this  portrait  in  its 
firfijtate,  and  thefe  were  fine  impreffions. 

Sir  Richard  Whitington  flourilhed  in  the 
reigns  of  Richard  II.  Henry  IV.  and  Henry  V. 
His  laft  mayoralty  was  in  1419. 

CLASS     IX. 

MEN  of  Genius  and  Learning. 

G.  CHAUCER. 

*«  A!  yogh  his  life  he  queynt,  ye  refemblaunce 

"  Of  him  hay  in  me  fo  freih  liffynefs, 

"  Yatte  to  putte  other  men  in  remcmbraunce 

"  Of  his  perfone,  I  have  here  his  lykenefle, 

*'  Do  make  to  yis  end  in  fothfaftnefie, 

*'  Yetyei  yat  have  of  him  left  yonght  and  mynde, 

*'  By  yis  peynture  may  again  him  finde  *." 

An  exemplar  Thoma  Occleve,  in  libra  fuo  de  Regi* 
mine  Pr'incipis,  JValli^  Principi  {poflea  Hen.  V.)  in- 
fcripto.  Ob.  1400.  Mtat.  70.  G.  Vertue  fc.  largs 
h.  fb.  One  of  the  fet  of  the  twelve  pods. 

Geoffrey  Chaucer  j  Tho.  Occleve,  contempo- 
rar,  et  difclpulus  ejufdem  Chaticeri,  ad  viv.  delin.  Ver- 
tue  fc.  large  h.  fh. 

Geoffrey  Chaucer  j  Veriue fc.  8w. 

•Thefe  veifes  difFer  widely  in  the  fpellln^j  from  thofe  in  his 
Life  before  his  Works,  1602,  fol. 

Geof- 


[  ^4  T  H  E  H  I  S  T  O  R  Y      Class  I]f*' 

Geoffrey  Chaucer,  wilh  Milton^  Butler ^Cgw-- 
ley^  and  Waller  ;   Vertue  fc.  ^vo. 

Geoffrey  Chaucer,  ivith  Spenfer,  Shake/pear €$ 
and  Johnjon  \  k.  Jh.  mezz. 

Geoffrey  Chaucer  ; /r(?;«  the  cr'iginal  in  the 
public  library  at  Oxford ;  a  fmall  mezz. 

Geoffrey  Chaucer;  "  his  portraiture  and 
progenie^'  (genealogy),  ivith  the  tomb  of  Thomas 
Chaucer,  Efq.  his  fon,  on  which  are  twenty  coats  of 
arms.  On  the  upper  ledge  of  the  tomb  is  this  in/crip- 
tion  :  "  Hie  J  a  cent,  Thomas  Chaucer  armiger^  quon^ 
**  dam  Dominus  ifiius  Vilh-e^  et  Pa tr onus  ifiius  ecclcfia, 
"  qui  obiit  Decemb.  13,  1434  ^3  ^^  Matildis  uxor 
«  ejus,  Ap.  27,  1436  t'" 

The  portraiC  is  after  the  original  of  Occleve  5 
the  tomb,  which  is  not  near  fo  entire  as  it  is  re- 
prefenced  in  the  print,  is  in  the  chiirch  of 
Ewelm,  in  Oxfordfliire.  In  the  fame  church, 
is  the  tomb  of  the  duchefs  of  Suffolk,  daugh^^ 
ter  of  Thomas  Chau-cer,  Efq. 

This  curious  print  is  prefixed  to  the  life  of 
G.  Chaucer^  before  his  Works,  1602,  fol.  We 
are  there  informed,  that  it  "  was  done  by  M. 
"  Spede ;]:,  who  hath  annexed  thereto  all  fuch 
"  cotes  of  armes,  as  any  way  concern  the  Chaa- 
*••'  cers,  as  he  found  them  (travailing  for  that 
*'  purpofe)  at  Ewflme,  and  at  Wickham."-— 
George  Greenwood  of  Chafleton  in  Glocefter- 
fhire,  Efq.  was  faid  to  have  had  an  original  pic- 
ture of  G.  Chaucer. 

Dr.  Timothy  Thomas,  author  of  the  preface 
prefixed  to  Urry's  Edition  of  his  works,  in  3 
manufcript  note,  communicated  to  me  by  my 

*  This  infcription  difagrees  with  the  date  of  his  death,  in  the 
"  Biograjihia  Biitannica."  He  is  there  faid  to  have  died  the  28th 
of  Apiil  1434.. 

t  Tiie  genuine  infcription  is  in  "  Leland's  Itinerary,"  Vol. 
II.  p.  5. 

^  Of  Speight, 

honoured 


Class  IX.      o-f  ENGLAND.  65 

honoured  friend  John  Loveday,  Efq.  of  Caver- 
fham,  lays  of  the  fame  portrait,  that  *'  it  is  by 
'^  no  means  certain  that  it  is  a  pidure  of 
««  Chaucer  ^." 

The  great  poet,  whom  antiquity  and  his  own 
merit  have  cohtributed  to  render  venerable,  is 
faid  to  have  been  mafter  of  all  the  learning  of 
his  age.  We  fee,  and  admire,  in  his  works, 
"  the  outlines  of  nature  ;  but  the  beauty  of  colour- 
ing, and  the  delicate  touches,  are  now  loft,  as 
a  great  part  of  his  language  is  grown  obfolete. 
It  is  probable  that  his  contemporaries  found  little 
or  no  diflbnance  in  his  verfes;  but  they  are  very 
ill  accommodated  to  the  ears  of  the  prefent  age. 

JOHANNES  GOWER;  Jfighrum  Foeta,  &c.  ^ 
Vertue  fc.  large  h.  frj. 

Taken  from  his  monumental  effigy  in  St. 
Mary  Overie's  church,  Southwark.  The  nofe, 
which  was  broken  off,  has  been  added  of  late 
years,  the  head  fhould,  in  drift  propriety, 
have  been  reprefented  without  one.  The  en- 
graver of  the  antiques  of  Fulvius  Urfinus  has, 
among  the  bufts  and  cameos  of  many  celebrated 
perfons  of  antiquity,  given  us  the  (latue  of  Pin- 
dar without  a  head  j  to  which  Mr.  Pope  al- 
ludeS) 

"  And  a  true  Pindar  flood  without  a  head.'* 

Gower,  who  with  Chaucer,  helped  to  refine 
the  Englifh  language,  has  ever  been  efteemed 
the  next  in  merit  to  him,  of  his  cotemporary 
poets.   He  was  author  of  the  ''  Confeflio  Aman;- 

*  Thefe  verfes  are  characleriftic  of  his  figure. 

His  ftature  was  not  very  tall ; 
J-ean  he  was,  his  legs  were  (mall : 
Hos'd  within  a  ftock  of  red  ; 
A  buttoa'd  bonnet  on  his  head, 

yoL,  I.  F  ':  tis** 


66  The    HISTORY       Class  X. 


cc 


tis'*  in  Englilh  ;  the  "  Speculum  Meditantis" 
in  French  ;  and  the  *'  Vox  Clan^antis"  in  Latin. 
O^.  1402.     Mtat.  circ.  80. 

JOHN  LYDGATE.  See  a  defcrlption 
of  his  Head  in  the  Clafs  with  the  Clergy. 

CLASS    X. 
A    R    T    I    S    T    S,    &c. 

WILLIAM  CAXTON,  the  initials  of 
his  na?ne  are  in  a  cypher  ;  inv^.  Bagfcrd  j  ^vo. 

William  Caxton  ;  with  his  cypher  in  old  Mack 
capitals^  fmally  cut  in  weed,  for  Ames's  *'  Hijiory  of 
*'  Printing" 

Caxton,  who  was  bred  a  mercer,  and  was 
fome  timefaftor  to  the  Mercers  Company,  in  the 
Low  Countries,  introduced  and  praftifed  the 
art  of  Printing  in  England,  in  the  reign  of  Ed- 
ward the  Fourth.  He  tranflated  many  books 
from  the  French,  which  he  printed  himfelf,  in 
Weftminfter  abbey,  by  permiflion  of  John  Iflip 
the  abbot  *,  The  book  on  "  The  Game  of 
*' Chefs,"  dated  1474,  ^^^  without  Caxton's 
name,  is  generally  reckoned  the  firfl  produdiori 
of  the  Englifh  prefs. 

JOHANNES  M  A  BU  S I  US  ;  w//>&  ^;2 
infcription  office  Latin  verfes.  This  belongs  to  a  fet 
of  Heads  of  eminent  Painters,  engraved  by  Henry  Hon- 
dius,  i6iS,fol. 

John  Mabuse;  copied  from  the  above,  in  the 
1}  Anecdotes  of  Painting  ;"  ^to. 

*There  is  a  Head  of  Mabufe,   and  prints  of  other 

*  See  an  account  of  John  Iflip  in  ««Widmore's  Hift.  of  Weftm. 
Abbey,"  1751,4:0, 

painters 


Class  XI.      of   ENGLAND.  67 

faintfjs  that  belong  to  the  EngliJJjferieSy  in  Sandrart^s 
Jine  book  ^. 

Mabufe,  a  German  painter  of  great  merit, 
came  into  England  in  the  reign  of  Henry  Vil. 
He  painted  a  pidure  of  that  king*s  marriage 
with  Elizabeth  of  Yorkj  and  the  portraits  of 
three  of  his  children  in  one  piece.  The  latter 
has  been  defcribed  in  the  firfl  Oafs.  There  is 
an  engraving  of  the  former  by  Grignion,  in  the 
'^  Anecdotes  of  Painting,"  from  the  original  zi 
Strawberry  Hill, 

CLASS    XL 
Ladies,   and  Others  of  the  Female  Sex, 

MARIA  de  S to.  PAULO;  Ccmtijfa  Pern- 
hroc.  Fund^.  /JuU  Pemb.  A.D.  1343.  J.  Faber  f, 
large  ^to.  tnezz. 

Mary  of  St.  Paul  was  third  wife  to  Anmer  de 
Valence,  earl  of  Pembroke,  who  was  killed  ac 
a  tilting,  on  the  day  of  his  marriage. 

She  foon  after  renounced  the  world,  and  de- 
voted herfelf  to  works  of  piety  and  charity. 

ELISABETHA  DE  CLA  RE,  CcmitiHa 
de  Ulfter,  &c.  Aula  Clarenfis.  Fund^.  1326+.  Fa^ 
her  f.  1 7 1 4 ;  large  ^to.  mezz.  E,  Talula  in  Auki 
Clarenfu 

Elizabeth,  third  fifter  of  Gilbert  earl  of  Clare, 
and  wife  of  John  de  Burgh,  lord  of  Connaughc 

•  In  Paul  Frehei's  "  Theatrum  Virorum  Eniditione  claro- 
*'  rum,"  2  vol.  fol.  1688,  is  a  conrulerahle  number  of  Englifh 
heads.  They  are  done  much  in  the  manner  of  Sandrart's.  1  never 
faw  this  book  but  in  the  Bodleian  Library. 

■{■  This  is  the  date  of  the  foundation  of  Univerfity  Hall,  by 
Richard  Badevv,  chancellor  of  the  uuiverfity  of  Cambridge,  bee 
••  Cantabrjgia  depi(ita/'p.  30. 

Fa  la 


iSS  The    HISTORY      ClassXL 

in  Ireland.  She  founded  Clare  Hall  in  Cam- 
bridge, on  the  fpot  where  Univerlity  Hall  was 
built.  This  was  burnt  down  by  a  cafual  fire, 
fixteen  years  after  its  eredion.  She  alfo  en- 
dowed it  with  lands  fufficient  to  maintain  ten 
fellows,  and  ten  fcholars. 

Mrs.  JANE  SHORE;  from  the  original  pic- 
ture in  Eaton  College^  by  John  Faber ;  large  ^to, 
mezz.  The  prints  which  is  fcarce,  is  dated  1483, 
in  MS, 

Jane  Shore;  from  an  original  piSlure  in  the 
Provoji's  Lodge ^  at  King's  College  in  Cambridge. 
Etched  by  the  Rev,  Mr.  Michael  'Tyfon^  Fellow  of 
C.  C.  C.  C.  ^to. 

Jane  Shore,  miflrefs  to  Edward  the  Fourth, 
was  wife  of  a  fubftantial  citizen  of  London, 
She  was  a  woman  of  great  beauty,  and  of  extra- 
ordinary accomplifliments.  "  There  was  no- 
•'  thing  in  her  body  that  you  would  have  chang- 
*'  ed,  unlefs  you  would  have  wifhed  her  fome- 
"  what  higher*.'*  But  her  courtly  behaviour, 
facetious  converfation,  and  ready  wit,  were 
more  attraftive  than  her  perfon.  It  is  record- 
ed of  her,  that  Ihe  could  read  and  write  f;  qua- 
lifications very  uncommon  in  that  age.  She 
employed  all  her  intereft  with  Edward  in  re- 
lieving the  indigent,  redrefling  wrongs,  and  re- 
warding merit.  She  met  with  cruel  treatment 
after  the  death  of  that  monarch,  and  lived  in 
great  poverty  and  diftrefs,  to  the  eighteenth 
year  of  Henry  VIII.  The  duchefs  of  Mon- 
tagu has  a  lock  of  her  hair,  which  looks  as  if  it 

had  been  powdered  with  gold-duft. There 

is  a  good  deal  of  hiftory  concerning  her,  in  the 

•  speed,  p.  9 16,  from  Sir  Thomas  More's  «  Life  of  Rich.  III.'* 
t  Ibid,  from  Sir  T.  More. 

*'  Re- 


^ 


Append;       oFaENGLAND.  ^^ 

''  Reliqiies  of  ancient  Englilh  Poetry,"  Vol.  II, 

p.  248. 

CLASS    XII. 

•PERSONS  of  both  Sexes,  remarkable  froni 
only  one  Circumftance  in  their  Lives. 

-    ELINOR  RUMMIN,  the  famous  Ale-; 
Wife.     See  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII, 


APPENDIX  to  the  Firft  ARTICLE. 

FOREINPRINCES,   who  were  Knights 
of  the  Garter,  &c. 

SIGISMUNDUS,  Romanorum  rex ;  a  large 
medallion  in  Goltzius's  '*  Series  of  the  Emperors ^^\ 
done  in  dare  ohfcure. 

Sigifmund,  emperor  of  Germany,  and  king 
of  Hungary  and  Bohemia,  was  inftalled  knight 
of  the  Garter  at  Windfor,  1416. — He  caufed 
John  Hufs,  and  Jerome  of  Prague,  in  viola- 
tion of  a  fafe  condu6t  which  he  had  given  them, 
to  be  burnt  at  the  council  of  Conftance.     Ob» 

1437- 

PHILIPPUS  ]img\.\n^.Cogn.Bo^\js.C.Van 
Sichemfc.  IVhole  length,  in  Grimejione^s  "  Hijtory 
of  the  Netherlands  ;"  fol. 

There  is  a  better  portrait  of  Philip,  and  of  fe'-Jeral 
other  foreigners  who  have  been  Knights  of  the  Garter^ 
t^c.  in  "  liadriani  Bar  I  an  di  Hollandi^  Comitum  Hif- 
"  toria  et  Icones^"''  Ltigd.  Bat.  1 5^4,  fol.  In  "  Me- 
*'  terani  Hijloria  Belgica'    are  alfo  good' portraitSt 

F  2  which 


70  The    HISTORY        Append: 

•  which  lelong  to  this  divifion,  and  the  reign  of  ^een 
Elizabeth, 

Ti\ta.  R,  Philip  was  elefted  knight  of  the  Garter,  but 

Hen.  V.  never  invefted  with  the  enfigns,  on  account  of 

a  quarrel  betwixt  him  and  Humphrey  duke  of 
Glocefter  *— — ^F3is  popularity  gained  him  the 
appellation  of  Good  ;  but  there  are  few  princes 
v.'ho  have  been  lels  fcrupulous  of  facrificing  the 
tranquillity  of  their  country  and  the  lives  of  their 
fubjeds  to  [heir  private  ambition.  He  was  the 
great  aggrandizer  of  the  houfe  of  Burgundy, 
and  was  poffefled  of  five  dukedoms,  fifteen  earl- 
doms, and  many  lordfhips. — He  inllituted  the 
order  of  the  Golden  Fleece.     Ob.  1467. 

A  L  B  E  R  T  U  S  II.  D.  G.  Romanorum  rex  °, 

.'(i  large  medallion;   in  the  Continuation  of  Coltzius's 
"  Series  of  the  Emperors.''* 
^ua.  E.  Albert  is  in  the  lift  of  the  knights  of  the 

Garter,  as  he  was  elected  into  that  order,  buc 
was  never  inftalled.  He  reigned  only  one  year  ; 
and  was,  during  that  fhort  period,  embroiled 
with  the  Ilufiltes.    Ob.  1439 

C  AROLUS,  Dux  Burgund.  C.  Van  Sichem 
fc.  Whole  length,  'prom  Grimefione's  '•  Hiftory  of  ihQ 
<>'  Netherlands  •;'  foL 

Charles  the  Bold,  or  the  Hardy,  the  laft  duke 
of  Burgundy,  fon  of  Philip  the  Good,  was  re- 
markable for  his  haughtinefs  and  precipitate 
courage.  His  father  was  thought  to  have  exert- 
td  as  much  wifdom  in  curbing  the  impetuous 
fpirit  of  his  fon,  and  keeping  him  within  the 
bounds  of  duty  snd  refped,  as  he  did  in  ex- 
tending his  dominions,  He  married  Margaret, 
fifter  to  Edward  IV.  in  his  father's  life-time^ 

•  See  Jaq_ijeline,  in  the  firft  Clafs. 

wher) 


Hen.  VI. 


^ppend;        o  f   E  N  G  L  a  N  D.  y  t 

when  he  was  earl  of  Charolois. — Charles,  who 
had  often  fignalized  himfelf  as  a  foldier,  was, 
in  1476,  bravely  defeated  by  the  Swifs,  at  the 
battle  of  Morat. 

It  is  obfcrvable,  that  a  church  was  built  near 

the  place,  of  the  bones  of  the  Burgundians  that 

■fell  in  that  memorable  battle.    Ob.  1478.  Miat, 

46.     See  more  of  him  in  *'  The  Spedlator,'* 

No.  491. 

MAXIMILI  ANUS,  Rom.  rex-,  a  large 
medallion  ;  in  the  Continuation  of  Goltzius's  "  Series 
*'  of  the  Emperors."* 

Maximilian  I.  grandfather  of  Charles  V.  well 
knowing  that  to  footh  the  vanity  of  Henry  VIII. 
was  to  take  him  by  the  right  handle,  ferved 
tinder  him  as  a  common  foldier,  for  a  hundred 
crowns  a  day,  at  the  fiege  of  Terouenne.  Hen- 
ry was  very  near  being  egregioufly  duped  by 
this  monarch,  under  a  pretence  that  he  would 
refign  the  imperial  crown  to  him  •,  though,  at 
the  fame  time,  he  was  meditating,  by  dint  of 
bribery,  to  add  to  it  the  papal  tiara.  Some  parts 
of  Maximilian's  conduct  are  fliining,  fome  mean, 
and  others  ignominious.  The  curious  reader 
may  fee  a  charaftcriftic  account  of  this  little  great 
man,  and  his  ridiculous  writings,  in  the  four- 
teenth number  of  "  The  World."  He  was  a 
much  better  filver-fmith  than  author.  At  the 
Efcurial,  is  an  emboffed  pot  for  holy- water,  and 
a  crucifix  of  his  manufadlure.  Maximilian  was 
inftalled  knight  of  the  Garter,  by  the  marquis 
of  Brandenburgh,  his  proxy,  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  VII.  He  married  Mary,  daughter  and 
heir  of  Charles  the  Bold  ;  by  which  marriage, 
and  that  of  his  fon  Philip,  with  Joan,  daughter 
of  Ferdinand  and  Ifabella,  the  immenfe  domi- 
nions of  Spain  and  Burgundy  devolved  to  his 
F  4  grandfon 


72  Th£   HISTORY         Appeni>; 

*    grafidfon  Charles ;  and  the  houfe  of  Auftria  be- 
gan to   threaten  the  liberties  of  Europe.     Ob, 

Maximilian  faid  of  himfelf,  «'  That  whereas 
*'  other  princes  were  Reges  Hominum,  he  was 
"  truly  Rex  Regum  ;  becaLil'e  his  fubjefts  would 
"  do  only  what  rhey  lifted,"  Anftis's  "  Regifter 
*'  of  the  Garter,"  II.  p.  316. 

Foreign  PRINCES,  &c.  who  have  been 
in  England. 

LOVYS  VII.  Roy  de  France j  a  medallion^ 
Jacques  dc  Bis  fc.  h.Jh. 
'  Lewis  VI L   who  makes  a  much  more  con- 

fiderable  figure  in  the  Lives  of  the  Saints,  than 
in  the  annals  of  France,  was  as  well  known  for 
his  weaknefs  as  a  bigot,  as  Eleanor  his  Qiieen  ^ 
was  for  her  frailties  as  a  v^oman.  He  was  deep 
in  the  abje6l  fuperftition  of  the  age ;  was  a 
crufader,  and  a  pilgrim.  His  veneration  for 
Becket  rofe  to  enthufiafm,  and  extended  itfelf 
even  to  his  alhes.  He  made  a  pilgrimage  to 
England,  on  purpofe  to  vific  the  fhrine  of  that 
Saint.     He  died  in  September,  1180. 

TEAN,   Roy  de  France 5  a  medallion,   in  the 
Scries  j  by  De  Bie ;  h.  Jh. 

^'"T^^^f*  JoJi")  king  of  France,  a  prince  of  eminent 

valour  and  many  good  qualities,  was  taken  pri- 
foner  by  rhe  Black  Prince,  in  the  battle  of  Poic- 
tiers,  and  brought  into  England,  where  he  was 
confined  in  the  Savoy.  It  was  above  four  years 
before  he  could  raife  60,000  1.  in  part  of  his 
ranfo.T:.  Charles,  his  fon,  was  the  firft  that  bore 
the  title  of  Dauphin,  from  the  reunion  of  the 

*  Afterwards  inarried  to  Henry  II.  of  England. 

province 


^35^ 


Append^        of    ENGLAND. 

province  of  Dauphiny  to  the  crown.  John  died 
at  London  1364,  loon  after  his  return  to  Eng- 
land. It  was  conjedured,  that  he  came  to  vifit 
the  countefs  of  Saliibury,  one  of  the  moft  beauti- 
ful women  of  her  age,  with  v/hom  he  was  known 
to  be  in  love.  The  noble  maxim  of  this  prince, 
«'  That  if  good  faith  fhould  be  totally,  aban- 
'*  doned  by  the  reft  of  mankind,  it  ought  ftill 
<'  to  find  a  place  in  the  breaft  of  princes,"  is 
well  known. 

HADRIANUSV.  Papa  Romanus  5  /.  Bapt, 
^e  C^valeriUtfc.  %vo. 

Adrian  V.  a  Genoefe,  of  the  Ottoboni  Fa- 
mily, was  created  a  Cardinal  by  Innocent  IV. 
his  uncle  125 1  ;  and  fent  Legate  into  England, 
to  reconcile  Henry  III.  and  his  barons.  He 
■was  advanced  to  the  Pontificate  12  July,  1276  s 
but  died  in  thirty-fix  days  after  his  election. 

EST  I  EN NE,  Chevalier;  "Seigneur  du  Vig- 
"  nau,  du  Plefiis,  le  Conte,  et  autres  lieux;  con- 
'^  feilier  et  fecretaire  des  commandemens  des  roys 
*'  Charles  VII.  et  Lovis  XI.  et  leur  ambafl^adeur  en 
*'  Angleterre,  et  en  Italie  :  decede  le  3  Septembre, 
*'  1474."  Short  hair^  a  kind  of  collar  of  fur  romid  his 
fieck. 

PHILIPPUS  COMMINEZ,  Argen- 
toni  Dominus,  ^to.  in  Imperialisms  '^  Mufeum  Flijlo- 
ricum^^  p.  29.  7 here  is  a  fmall  head  of  him  before 
the  EnglifJj  tranflation  of  his  Memoirs^  Svo.  1674. 

Lewis  IX.  who  was  a  great  mailer  of  king- 
craft, employed  Philip  de  Comines,  a  moft  able 
minifter,  in  embalTies  to  almoft  every  court  of 
Europe.  He  tells  us  himfelf,  in  his  IVIemoirs, 
that  he  was  fent  to  that  of  England  in  the  reign 
of  Edward  IV.   Comines,  who  was  formed  as  a 

writer 


75 


?4 


The  history       Append: 

writer  more  from  experience  than  learning,  is 
efteemed  one  of  the  mod  fagacious  hiftorians  of 
his  own,  or  any  other  age.  He  penetrated 
deeply  into  men  and  things ;  and  knew,  and  ex- 
emplilied,  the  infignificancy  of  human  grandeur. 
He  faw  the  infide  of  the  tapeftry;  and  found, 
that  with  all  its  gaudy  colours,  it  created  dif- 
guft,  as  much  as  it  excited  admiration.  He 
has  been  ranked  in  the  fame  clafs  with  Tacitus, 
The  EngliOi  reader  will  be  particularly  interefl- 
ed  in  his  account  of  the  expulfion  of  his  coun- 
trymen from  France,  in  the  reign  of  Charles  VII. 
Imperialis  informs  us,  that  he  died,  tired  of  the 
world ;  but  does  not  mention  the  time  of  his 
death,  which  was  in  1509,  I  have  placed  him 
here  as  anambaiTador. 

JEAN  FROISSARD,  Hiftorien  -  Be 
ho.rn\eJpin  fc.  ^to.fize.  In  "  Academie  des  Sciences^ 
ei  des  Arts,""  par  Bullart,  i^^i^foL  * 

John  Froiflard,  a  native  of  Valenciennes,  an 
able  hiftorian  ;  who,  to  gain  intelligence,  had 
vifited  the  courts  of  feveral  princes,  came  over 
to  England  in  the  reign  of  Edward  III.  to  offer 
to  Philippa,  his  countrywoman,  the  firft  part 
of  his  Hiftory.  She  received  him  and, his  work 
gradouOy,  and  rewarded  him  like  a  queen. 
He  hath  written  the  life  of  this  amiable  princels. 
He  hath  beenaccufed  of  being  lavifli  of  his  pa- 
negyric on  the  Englifh,  and  too  fparing  of  it  on 
his  own  countrymen.  La  Popeliniere,  if  the 
accufaLion  be  juit,  hath  accounted  for  it,  by  fay- 
ing,, that  he  received  nothing  for  his  labours 
'from  the  French,  hue  was  rewarded  with  a  good 
■penfion  by  the  Engliih.  1  he  time  of  his  death 
is  not  known.      His  Chronicle  was   tranflated 

.    •  In  this  book  are  various  heads  of  foreigners,  which  may  have 
^  place  in  the  Englifli  ferics. 

from 


Class  I.      of    ENGLAND. 

from  the  French  into  Englifli  by  John  Bonchier, 
knight,  Lord  Berners,  at  the  command  of 
Henry  VIII.  and  printed  in  folio,   by  Pinfon, 

PJSNRy  VIII.    began  his  Reign  22   April, 

1509. 

CLASS!. 
The  ROYAL   FAMILY. 

H  E  N  R I  C  U  S  VIII.  Ho'ikm  p.  Hollar  f,  e^i 
CoUe 51.  Arundel.  1647.  i2mo. 

Henricus  VIII.  H.  Holbein  p.  Faher  (fen.)  f^ 
one  of  the  fet  of  Founders,  large  ^to. 

"There  is  another,  if  not  more  of  him,  by  the  fame 
hand',  and  a  large  h.  fh.  mezz.  by  his  fo7i,  after 
Jiolbein. 

Henry  VIII,  Holbein  p,  Houbraken  fc,  h.  fl7^ 
piufl,  Headf. 

Henry  VIII.   Holbein p,    Vertuefc.h.fh, 

A  moji  curious  print  of  Henry  VIII.  infcribed, 
^^  Henricus,  Dei  Gratia,  Rex  Anglia  1548."  en^ 
graved  by  Cornelius  Matfis,  the  initial  letters  of  whofe 
r^ame  are  in  two  cyphers  %  one  in  the  right  poftion,  and 
the  other  inverted.  He  has  a  moft  enormous  fur  tippet 
about  his  neck,  which  feems  to  be  funk  into  hisfhouldcrs. 
^he  likenefs  is  fo  ridicidous,  that  it  has  much  of  the  air 
cf  a  Caricatura.     It  is  very  fear  ce. 

Henricus  VI il.  ^vo^  prom  Holland'^s  "  HerC'» 
plogia  Anglic  a." 

_  *  There  is  a  good  account  of  him  in  Oldys's  *'  Britifh  Librao 
rian,"  p.  67,  &c.  At  p.  70,  it  appears  that  he  v/as  a  clerk  of  the 
Bed  chamber  to  Queen  Philippa,  and  that  he  was  knighted  and 
te'ieficedin  England.  He  may  therefore  be  placed  with  the  Clergy. 
f  The  collar,  which  was  commonly  called  the  ineitimabie  C^;l- 
lar  of  Rubies,  is  reprefented  in  tins  print ;  it  was  fold  for  Charles  I. 
in  the  time  of  the  civil  wars,  by  the  duke  of  Buckingham  and  the 
f?ri  of  Holland, 

Hen? 


'75 


76  The    HISTORY      Hen.  VIIIJ 

Henricus  06lavus ;  K  Delaram  fc.  ^to. — An- 
ether  by  J.  Payne. 

Henry  VIII.  Regem  dedi  iratus  eis.  Zvo.  7*. 
Cecil  fc. 

Henricus  YUl.W.F.  {Faithorne)  f,  ^to.  Fron- 
iifpiece  to  Lord  Herbert's  Hifi. 

Henri  VIII.  Vander  Werffp.  G.  Valckfc.  h.Jh. 

Henri  VIII.  Vander  Werff  p,  P.  a  Gunjl.  fcl 
h.Jh. 

Vander  WerfF  drew  fixty-feven  portraits  for 

Monf.  Larrey's  "  Hiflory  of  England,"  which 

•were  engraved  by  Valk,  Gunft,  Vermeulen,  B. 

Audran,  Ch.  Simmoneau,  Peter  Drevet,   and 

Defcrochers. 

Henricus  Octavns;  infcrihed,  "  H.  0.  R»" 
Vertue  fc.  fmall. 

Hbnrick  de  VIII.  Sec.  fmall ^to. 

Henry  VIII.  giving  the  Bible  to  the  Clergy,  i^c.  in 
the  fine  frontifpiece  to  Cranmer^s  Bible,  printed  by  R, 
Grafton,  and  E.  IVhit church,  1539*  it  was  dejtgned 
hy  Holbein.  There  is  a  copy  of  it,  with  a  large  eiipla-^ 
72ation,  in  Lewis'' s  "  Hiflory  of  the  Englifh  Tranflations 
cf  the  Bible,''  ^vo.p.  124. 

Henry  VIII.  Edward  VI.  Philip  and  Mary, 
end  Elizabeth,  with  emblematical  figures.  W"K 
Rogers,  fc.  Mr.  JValpole  never  faw  but  one  of  thefe 
prints,  befides  his  own  ;  and  that  was  in  the  King  of 
France's  Library, 

Henry  VlII.  giving  the  charter  to  the  Surgeons 
Company  j   Holbein  p.  Baron  fc.  large  fb. 

This  company  was  incorporated  1541,  32  of 

Hen.  VIII. 

Henricus  VIII.  Fmid^.  Coll.  Trinit.  Cantab.  A". 
DK  1546.    J.  Faber  f.  large  ^to.  mezz. 

This  is  after  his  portrait  at  Trinity  College. 

Henry  the  Eighth,  and  Jane  Seymour  his 
queen.    See  Artie.  I.   Clafs  I. 

This 


Class  I.        o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  77 

This  defpotic  monarch  held  the  nation  in 
greater  fubjeftion  than  any  of  its  conquerors  •, 
and  did  more  by  his  will,  than  any  of  his  predecef- 
fors  could  have  done  with  the  fword.  He  was,  in 
his  own  eftimation,  the  wifeft  prince  in  Europe; 
but  was  the  known  dupe  of  as  many  of  the  Eu- 
ropean princes  as  paid  their  court  to  him  under 
that  charafter.  He  was  more  governed  by  va- 
nity and  caprice  than  principle:  and  paid  no 
regard  to  mercy,  not  even  to  juftice,  when  it 
flood  in  the  way  of  his  paflions.  He  perfecuted 
both  protcftants  and  papifts;  and  gained  the 
charader  of  a  generous  and  munificent  prince, 
by  dividing  the  fpoils  of  the  church,  to  which 
he  had  no  right.  His  whole  adminiftration, 
after  he  was  poffefred  of  thofe  fpoils,  is  a  flagrant 
proof  the  impotence  of  law,  when  oppofed  to 
the  violence  of  arbitrary  power.  But  though  a 
tyrant,  he,  by  depreffing  the  nobility,  and  in- 
creafing  the  property  of  the  commons,  had  a 
confiderable  hand  in  laying  the  foundations  of 
civil  liberty  ;  and  though  a  bigot  to  almoil 
every  error  of  the  church  of  Rome,  he  was  the 
father  of  the  Reformation. 

CATHARINA    princeps,  Arthuri   uxor, 
Henrico  regi  nupta  \  Holbeinp.  R.  White fc.  h.JIj. 

Catharine  of  Arragon  ;   Holbeinp*  Houhrakm 
fc.  1743.  ^-fi-   Ilh^'  Head. 

In  the  colleftion  of  the  honourable  Horace 
Walpole. 

Catharine  d' A rragon ;  Viindtr  Werff,  p.  Ver- 
meuknfc.  h.Jh, 

As  foon  as  the  perfon  of  Catharine  became 
unacceptable  to  the  king,  he  began  to  entertain 
Icruples  about  the  lawfulnefs  of  his  marriage, 
which  were  much  encreafcd  by  his  conluking 
cafuifts,  particularly  the  works  of  St.  Thomas 

Aquinas, 


78  The    HISTORY     Hen.VIUV 

Aquinas,  whofe  authority  he  thought  decifive. 
His  paflion  for  Anne  Bolen  added  weight  to  all 
thefe,  and  was  more  decifive  than  the  cafuiftry 
of  St.  Thomas  himfelf. — She  was  divorced  in 
1533.     0^.  8  Jan  1535— 6.     JElat.  ^i. 

ANN  A  B  U  LL  E  N  (Bolen)  ;  Holbein  delin. 
Hollar  f.  \imo. 

Ann  Bullen,  queen  of  king  Henry  VIII. 
Holbein 'p,  Houbraken  fc.  Illuji.  Head. 

In  the  colleflion  of  the  late  earl  of  Bradford. 

"  Ann  Boleyn  ;  Eljlracke  fc. 

Anne  dc  BouLEN  ;  Vander  Werff  p.  Vermeulen 
fc.  h.fh, 

Henry  the  Eighth  declaring  his paffion for  A'^nz 
Bolen  ;  Hogarth  p.  et.fc.fJo. 

There  is  portrait  of  her  at  Woburn  Abbey. 

This  beauteous  queen  fell  a  facrifice  to  the  vio- 
lent pafiions  of  Henry  the  Eighth ;  to  his  anger 
for  bringing  him  a  dead  fon  ;  to  his  jealoufy,  for 
the  innocent,  but  indifcreet  familiarities  of  her 
behaviour;  and  above  all,  to  his  paflion  for 
Jane  Seymour,  whom  he  married  the  next  day 
after  fhe  was  beheaded. — Exec.  19  May  1536. 

JOANNA  SEYMOUR,  regina  Hen- 
flc.  VIII.     Holbein  p.  Hollar  f.  1648.  \zmo. 

Jane  Seymour  ;  lllufi.  Head, 

Jane  Seymour  :  See  her  portrait  in  the  family- 
piece  defcribed  in  Article  I.    Clafs  I. 

Jane  Seymour  was  the  beft  beloved  wife  of 
Henry  VIII.  and  had  indeed  the  beft  title  to 
his  affedlion,  as  flie  poficffed  more  merir  than 
any  of  his  queens.  She  died  in  childbed  of 
Edward  VI.  14  06t.  1537.  The  king  conti- 
nued a  widower  two  years  after  her  deceafe. 

CATHA- 


Class  I.      ofENGLAND. 

CATHARINE    HOWARDj  Hollar f, 

1 646  5  richly  adorned  j  81;^?. 

Vertue  took  this  Head  for  that  of  Mary  queea 
of  France. — See  "  Anecd.  of  Painting,"  Vol.  I. 
p.  ^$,  2d  Edit. 

Catharine  Howard,  queen  of  king  Henry 
VIII.  Holbein  p.  Houhraken  fc.  Illufi.  Head.  In 
the  colleSlion  of  Mr,  Ricbardfcn, 

It  is  now  Mr.  Walpole's. 

Catharine  Howard;  Vander  JVerff.p.  Ver- 
meulenfc.  h.  Jh, 

Catharine  Howard  was  niece  to  the  duke  of 
Norfolk,  and  coufin-german  to  Anne  Bolen. 
Soon  after  the  king  had  ordered  a  public  thankl- 
giving  to  be  ordered  up,  for  his  happinefs  with 
this  queen,  Ihe  was  executed  for  incontinence. 
Beheaded  12  Feb.  154 1-2. 

ANN  of  Cleves ;  Holbein  p.  Houhraken  fc. 
1733.  Iluji.  Head.  In  the  collodion  of  Thomas 
Barret^  Efq. 

This  is  faid  to  be  the  portrait  v.'hich  was  done 
in  Germany,  for  the  king. 

Anna  Clivenfis ;  Hollar  f.  h,  fjj. 
Anne  de  Cleves ;  Vander  IVerff  p.  Vermeulen  fc. 
h.  Jh. 

The  portrait  of  Anne  Cleves,  drawn  by  the 
flattering  hand  of  Holbein,  was  not  unpleafing 
to/  the  king  -,  but  her  ungraceful  behaviour 
ihocked  his  delicacy  at  firft  fight  •,  and  he  pee- 
vifhly  afked  if  "  they  had  brought  him  a  Flan- 
*'  ders  mare."  He  was  foon  divorced  from  her, 
■upon  feveral  frivolous  pretences  \  one  of  which 
was,  that  he  had  not  inwardly  givenhis  confent, 
when  he  efpoufed  her.    Ob,  16  July  1557. 

CATHA- 


79 


80  TheHISTORY    HE^^  VIIL 

CATHARINE  PARRE;  VanderWerff 
p.  Vermeulenfc.  h.Jh, 

There  is  an  original  whole  length  of  her,  at 
Lord  Denbigh's,  an  Newnham  Padox.  Mr. 
Walpole  has  a  fmall  one  like  it,  by  Holbein. 
Dr.  Ducarel  informs  me,  that  the  pi6lure  of 
her,  on  board,  in  the  long  Gallery  at  Lambeth, 
is  much  like  her  print  in  Larrey's  Hiftory. 
The  portrait  at  Windfor,  with  the  King  and 
his  Children,  is  doubtful. 

Catharine  Parre  was  widow  of  Nevil  lord  La-* 
timer.  She  was  a  woman  of  merit,  but  very 
narrowly  efcaped  the  block  for  tampering  with 
religion.  She  was,  prefently  after  the  king's 
deceafe,  married  to  the  lord  admiral,  brother 
to  the  protedor  Somerfet. — The  Rev.  Mr. 
Huggett,  a  very  accurate  antiquary,  has  given 
undoubted  authority  for  the  death  of  this  queen, 
at  the  caftle  of  Sudley  in  Gioucefterfhire,  Sept. 
5,  1548,  and  for  her  interment  in  the  chapel 
there.  Thefe  particulars  were  defiderata  in  her 
hiftory,  as  it  appears  from  Ballard's  "  Memoirs,'* 
p.  96. 
MARIA  princeps,  Henrici  VIII.  regis  An- 

glisefilia;  H.  Holbein  p.  TV.  Hollar  f.  ex  colle^me 

Arandeliana ',   1647.12^(7. 

Mary  was  daughter  of  Henry  VIII.  by  Ca- 
tharine of  Arragon. 

The  Princefs  ELIZABETH;  Holhein  p: 
"^SS^-  7*  Faber  f.  1741.  PFhle  length,  mezz.^ 
large  h.  fi). 

The  painting  was  in  the  colledion  of  the  late 
James  WeR-,  Efq.  --—Elizabeth  was  daughter 
of  Henry  VIII.  by  Anne  Bolen. 

Thefe 

•  Mr.  Walpole  always  doubted  whether  this  wasa  portrait  of  the 
Princefs  Elizabeth.    It  may  foJJWy  be  no  portrait,  but  aivemble- 

niatical 


Class  I.      of  EN  GLAND.  Si 

Thefe  two  lall  princefies,  who  fucceeded  to 
the  throne,  were  declared  illegitimate  by  a6t  of 
parliament,  in  this  reign  ;  and  by  a  iublequent 
ad,  the  fucceffion  was  limited  to  them,  on  fai- 
lure of  iffue  from  prince  Edward. 

MARGUERITE;    A  Kander  IVerff  f  G. 
Valckfc,     Four  French  verfes  ;  h.JJj, 

Marcrarer,  wife  of  James  IV.  and  mother  of 
James  V.  king  of  Scotland,  was  eldell:  filter  to 
Henry  VIIL  Her  fecond  marriage  was  with 
Archibald  Douglas  earl  of  Angus,  who  had  by 
her  a  daughter,  name"d  iVlargaret,  married  to 
Matthew  Stuart  earl  of  Lennox,  by  whom  fne 
was  mother  of  Henry  lord  Darnley,.  the  unfor- 
tunate hufband  of  the  more  unfortunate  queen 
of  Scots.  After  her  divorce  from  the  earl  of 
Angus,  fhe  was  married  to  Henry  Stuart,  bro- 
ther to  the  lord  Avindale. 

MARIE  d'  Angleterre,  3.  Epoufe  du  Roy 
Louis  XI  I.  de  fan  portrait,  de  Londres :  in  *'  Hif- 
toire  de  France  par  Mezeray"  3  torn.  fol.  1646.  Tke 
prints  in  Mexerafs  Hiftory  were  engraved  hy  Jaques 
de  Bie,  but  are  without  his  name  *. 

matical  pifture  of  a  good  wife.  Mr.  Bull  informs  me  that  he 
lately  faw  a  very  curious  painting,  exa6lly  the  fame  with  that  of 
Mr.  Weft's;  and  round  the  old  frame,  now  altered  to  a  gilt  ore, 
the  following  lines  : 

Uxor  amet,  flleat,  fervet,  nee  ubiqne  vagetur : 

Hoc  Teltudo  docet,  Claves,  Labra  jundaque,  Turtur. 

The  print  is  exactly  defcribed  by  thefe  verfes.  The  pifture  was 
part  of  the  Lexington  CoIItction,  and  now  belongs  to  Lord  George 
Sutton,  who  inherits  Lord  Lexington's  eftate.  There  is  a  tra- 
dition in  the  family  that  the  portrait  was  painted  at  the  requelt 
of  Sir  Thomas  More,  who  added  the  verfes ;  and  that  it  is 
one  of  his  daughters.  At  the  bottom  were  thefe  words  "  Hkc 
talis  fuit." 

•  In  this  book  are  various  portraits  that  may  be  taken  into  the 
Englilh  feries. 

Vol.  I,  G  MaI^y 


82  The    HISTORY       Hen.  VIII. 

Mary,  queen  of  France,  and  Charles  Bran- 
don, duke  of  Suffolk;  G.  Vertue  fc.  From  an 
original  in  the  pojfejjion  of  the  late  earl  of  Granville. — 
It  is  now  Mr.  Walpole's. — On  the  right  hand  of  the 
duke  of  Suffolk  is  his  lance^  appendent  to  which  is  a 
label,  tnfcribedy 

'*  Cloth  of  gold,  do  not  defpife, 

"■  Tho'  thou  be  match'd  with  cloth  of  frize: 

"  Cloth  of  frize,  be  not  too  bold, 

"  Tho'  thou  be  match'd  with  cloth  of  gold." 

Large  Jh. 

Mary  queen  of  France,  youngefl:  fifter  to 
Henry  Vlll.  was  one  of  the  moft  beautiful  wo- 
men of  her  age.  It  is  pretty  clear  that  Charles 
,  Brandon  gained  her  affe<5tions  before  fhe  was 
married  to  Lewis  XII.  as,  foon  after  the  death 
of  that  monarch,  which  was  in  about  three 
months  after  his  marriage,  fhe  plainly  told  him, 
that  if  he  did  not  free  her  from  all  her  fcruples 
within  a  certain  time,  fhe  would  never  marry 
him.  His  cafuiftry  fucceeded  within  the  time 
limited,  and  fhe  became  his  wife.  This  was 
probably  with  the  king's  connivance.  It  is 
however  certain,,  that  no  other  fubjefi:  durft  have 
ventured  upon  a  queen  of  France,  and  a  fifter 
of  the   implacable    Henry   the    Eighth.      Ob. 

1533- 

Charles  Brandon  was  remarkable  for  the  dig- 
nity and  gracefulnefs  of  his  perfon,  and  his  ro- 
buft  and  athletic  conftitution.  He  diftinguilhed 
himfelf  in  tilts  and  tournaments,  the  favourite 
exercifes  of  Henry.  He  was  brought  up  with 
that  prince,  ftudied  his  difpofition,  and  exactly 
conformed  to  it.  That  conformity  gradually 
brought  on  a  ftridter  intimacy  ;  and  the  king, 
to  bring  him.neuier  to  himfelf,  raifed  him  from 
a  private  perfon  to  a  duke.     See  Clals  111. 


Class  I.      o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D,  83 

KING    of   SCOTLAND. 

J  A  QJJ  ES  Y,  a  hujl ;  Vandar  Werffp,  P.  a 
Cunfl.fc.  h  fh, 

James  V.  king  of  Scotland  ;  Clark  fc.  Svo, 

James  V.  was  a  prince  of  great  perfonal  cou- 
rage, and  of  uncommon  talents  tor  government; 
but  he  was  not  able,  with  ail  his  prudence  and 
vigour,  to  wreftle  wirh  domeiiic  fa(^ion  and  a 
foreign  enemy  at  the  fame  time.  He  died  in 
the  flower  of  his  age,  ol'  grief,  occafioned  by 
the  defeat  of  his  army  by  the  Englilh.  This 
was  more  owing;  to  the  divifions  which  prevailed 
among  the  Scots,  than  to  the  courage  or  conduct 
of  the  en?my.  OL  14  Dec.  1542,  JUL  35. 
He  was  the  author  of  the  famous  ballad  of 
"  Chrift's  Kirk  on  the  Green*;"  to  which  Mr. 
Po'pe  alludes  in  his  imitation  of  the  lirll  Epiftle 
of  Horace : 

"  A  Scot  will  fight  for  Chrift's  Kirk  o'che  Green." 

MADELEINE  de  France :  Fander  Werffp. 
P.  a  Guujl.fc.  h.Jh, 

Magdalrn,  eldeft  daughter  of  Francis  I.  a 
woman  of  an  elegant  perfon,  but  a  fickly  con- 
ftitution,  efpoufed  James  V.  i  Jan.  1537.  The 
marriage  was  celebrated  at  Paris  with  fuch 
pomp  and  magnificence  as  had  fcarce  ever  been 
difplayed  on  the  like  occafion  in  France  f .  This 
young  queen  died  of  a  fever  on  the  2 2d  of  July 
the  fame  year.     James  efpoufed  to  his  fecond 

•  So  Bifhop  Gibfon  and  Bifhop  Tanner  tell  us ;  but  Dr.  Percy 
fays  that  it  has  all  the  internal  msirksof  an  earlier  age.  If  the 
matter  in  queltion  relh  upon  internal  evidence,  Dr.  Percy  is  un- 
qucttionably  the  beft  iudge. 

t  See  an  account  of  the  marriage,  and  a  lift  of  the  many  rich 
pref«nts  made  by  Francis  to  James,  in  GvUhris's  "Hilt,  of  Scot- 
Jand,"  vol.  V.  p.  165,  166, 

G  2.  wife 


84  The    HISTORY      Hen.  VIII; 

wife  Mary  of  Lorraine*,  duchefs  dowager  of 
Longueville. 

MARY,  &c.  Queen  of  Scotland,  a  [mall  oval, 
belonging  to  a  fet  of  Scott:Jlj  kings. 

Marie  de  Lorraine;  VandcrlVerffp,  P.  a  Gunjl, 
fc,  in  Larrefs  Hijlory, 

There  is  a  head  of  her  at  Newbottle,  the 
Marquis  of  Lothian's,  a  few  miles  from  Edin- 
burgh. 

Mary,  queen  of  James  V.  and  after  his  de- 
inife  Regent  of  Scotland,  was  a  woman  of  fu- 
perior  underftanding,  and  of  an  elevated  fpirit. 
Her  great  qualities  were  happily  tempered  with 
the  gentle  and  the  amiable;  and  (he  was  as  en- 
gaging as  a  woman,  as  fhe  was  awful  as  a  queen. 
But  her  attachment  to  her  brothers,  the  Princes 
of  Lorrain,  who  were  rarely  checked  by  con- 
fcience,  in  the  career  of  their  ambition,  unfor- 
tunately betrayed  her  into  fotiie  afts  of  rigour 
and  opprcfiion,  that  ill  fuited  the  gentlenefs  of 
her  nature,  and  which  ended  in  her  being  de- 
prived of  the  regency.  Towards  the  clofe  of 
her  life,  fhe  faw  and  deplored  the  errors  of  her 
condudl ;  the  efFeds  of  private  affedion  coincid- 
ing with  zeal  for  religion,  which  prompted  her 
to  break  the  common  ties  of  morality,  and  the 
faith  which  fhe  owed  her  fubjecfls.  Oh.  lo. 
Jun,  1560. 

Her  daughter  Mary,  born  in  an  evil  hour, 
lived  to  experience  the  advantages  and  the  mife- 
ries  of  royalty,  in  a  ftill  more  exquifite  degree 
than  her  mother. 

*  Sometimes  called  Mary -of  Guife.    The  family  of  Guife  was 
a  branch  of  that  of  Lorrain, 

CLASS 


Class  II.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D;  85 

CLASS     II. 

Great  OFFICERS  of  STATE,  and  of  the 
HOUSEHOLD. 

SirTHOMAS  C  R  O  M  WELL,  &c.  Z/^/- 

bcin  p.  engraved  by  Peacham,  author  of  the  "  Com- 
pkat  Gentleman."    This  print  is  very  rare. 

Sir  Thomas  Cromwell,  knt.  Holbein p.  The 
bottom  was  etched  by  Hollar  -,  ^to. 

Thomas  Cromwell,  comes  Efifexi^;  H.  Hol- 
bein p.  R,  Whits  fc.  h.  fh.  This  nearly  relembles 
the  portrait  of  Sir  Thomas  More  in  the  pitture 
Gallery  at  Oxford,  which  was  done  by  Mrs.  Mary 
More. 

Thomas  Cromwell,  earl  of  Eflex  ;  Holbein  p, 
Houbraken  fc.  Illufi.  Head,  In  the  pofleffion  of  Mr. 
Southwell,  at  King's  Wefton,  near  Brillol. 

There  is  a  mezzotinto,  in  d^to.  by  Manwaring,  copied 
from  this  print, 

Thomas  Cromwellus  :  In  the  ^^  Heroologia\* 

Thomas  Cromwell  ;  J.  Filian^fc.  ^.to. 

Thomas  Cromwell  was  fon  of  a  blackfmith 
at  Putney,  and  fometime  lerved  as  a  foldier  in 
Italy  under  the  duke  of  Bourbon.  He  was  af- 
terwards fecretary  to  cardinal  Wolfey,  and  in- 
gratiated himfelf  with  Henry  VIII.  by  difcover- 
ing  that  the  clergy  were  privately  abfolved  from 
their  oath  to  him,  and  fworn  anew  to  the  pope. 
This  difcovery  furniihed  the  king  with  a  pre- 
tence for  the  fuppreffion  of  monafteries,  in 
which  Cromwell  was  a  principal  inilrument. 
The  king,  whole  favours,  as  well  as  his  mer- 
cies, were  cruej,  raifed  him  to  a  mofl  envied 
pitch  of  honour  and  preferment,  a  little  before 
his  fall,  He  firft  amufed  him  with  an  agreeable 
GS  pro- 


86  TheHISTORY     Hen.  VIII, 

profpecSV,  and  then  pufhed  him  down  a  preci- 
pice. Cromwell,  as  viceregent,  had  the  pre- 
cedence of  all  the  great  officers  of  ftate.  Be- 
headed July  28,  1 540  *. 

WILLIAM  WARHAM,  lord  chancel- 
lor.   See  Clafs  IV. 

THOMAS  WOLSEY,  lord  chancellor. 
See  Clafs  IV. 

THOMAS  MORE,  lord-chancellor.  See 
a  defcription  of  his  portrait  with  the  lawyers, 
in  Clafs  VI.  which  I  have  afiigned  for  the  chan- 
cellors, as  almoft  all  of  them  owed  their  prefer- 
ment to  the  law. 

THOMAS  HOWARD,  dux  et  comes 
Norfolci^,  &:c.  comes  mareJcaUiiSy  fummus  thefau- 
rarins,  et  admir alius  Angli(Z^  iSc.  £t  66.  Ob.  1554* 
In  a  furred  gown ^  holding  the  Jlaves  of  earl-marjhal 
and  lord  treafurer,  Holbein  -p.  Vorjiennanfc.  h.  jh.  f 

The  original  from  which  this  fine  print  was 
done,  is  in  the  colledlion  which  belonged  to  the 
late  princefs  dowager  of  Wales.  There  is  a  copy 
of  it  at  Gorhambury  the  feat  of  lord  Grimfton. 

^'here  is  a  zvocden  print  of  him  with  aft  ornafuented 
herder,  large  ^to.  or  fmall  h.  fh. 

This  venerable  peer,  who,  almoft  every  year 
of  his  life,  fmce  he  had  been  honoured  with  that 

*  In  Stow's  "  Survey,"  p.  187,  Edit.  1633,  is  a  remarkable  in- 
ftance  of  his  rnpine,  in  feizing  on  another's  property>  which  fliews 
that  he  forgot  himfelf  after  his  elevation.  But  the  ftory  of  his 
gratitude  to  Frefcobald,  a  Florentine  merchant,  who  had  been  ex- 
.  treiTiely  charitable  to  him  when  a  poor  foot-foldier  in  Italy,  and 
was  nobly  rewarded  when  he  found  him,  m.iny  years  afterwards, 
in  a  didiefsful  condition,  in  the  llreets  of  London,  tells  greatly  to 
bis  honour.     See  HakewiPs  "  Apologie,"  p.  4.35,  edit.  1630. 

f  The  plate  engraved  by  Vorfterman  was  lately  difcovered. 
The  piint  was  before  very  fcarce. 

dig- 


Class  II.      of   ENGLAND.  87 

dignity*,  diftinguifhed  himfelf  by.  his  faithful 
fervices  to  the  crown,  was  very  near  being  fa- 
crificed,  in  his  old  age,  to  the  peevifh  jealoufy 
of  Henry  VIII.  who  in  his  laft  illnefs,  enter- 
tained an  opinion  that  the  family  of  the  How- 
ards were  too  afpiring.  He  was  tried,  and 
found  guilty  of  high-treafon,  for  bearing  arms 
which  his  ancedors  had  publickly  borne  before, 
and  which  himfelf  had  often  borne  in  the  king's 
prefence.  His  execution  was  prevented  by  the 
death  of  the  king.  When  he  was  above  eighty 
years  of  age,  he  appeared,  with  his  ufual  fpirit, 
at  the  head  of  a  body  of  forces,  and  helped  to 
fupprefs  Wyatt's  rebellion. 

JOHN  Lord  R  U  S  S  E  L,  (afterwards  earl 
of  Bedford)  lord  privy-feal.    See  the  next  reign. 

EDWARD  SEYMOUR,  duke  of  Somerfcr, 
was  conftituted  lord  chamberlain  for  life,  34  Hen. 
VIII.    See  the  next  reign. 

E  D  V/  A  R  D  U  S    STAFFORD,  Dux. 

Buckingham,    &c.    Coll.    Maria   MagdaL   Fund'\ 
15 1 9,  haber  f.  1714;  one  of  the  Set  of  Founders. 

Edward,  duke  of  Buckingham,  fon  of  Henry 
Stafford,  who  was  beheaded  in  the  reign  of  Ri- 
chard III.  was  reftored  to  his  father's  honours 
and  edate.  He  was  a  diftinguifhed  favourite  of 
Henry  VIII.  whom  he  attended  in  his  interview 
with  Francis  I.  and  feemed  to  vie  with  thefe 
monarchs  in  pomp  and  fplendor.  When  he  was 
in  the  height  of  his  glory,  his  fall  was  precipi- 
tated by  fome,  who  are  fuppofed  to  have  re- 
garded him  with  a  jealous  eye;  and  the  fufpi- 
cion  fell  chictiy  upon  Wol fey -|-.     He  was  ac- 

cufed 

•  He  was  for  his  merit  created  earl  of  Surrey,  5  Hen,  VIII, 
t  iJod,  in  his  "  Church  Hiftory  of  England  [j,"  informs  us, 
iJ  Vol.  i.  p.  165,  166. 

G  4.  that 


The    history      Hen. VIII. 

accufed  of  tieafonable  pradlices,  with  a  viewof 
fucceeding  to  the  crown  -,  in  confequence  of  a 
prophecy  of  one  Hopkins,  a  monk,  who  fore- 
told that  Henry  would  die  without  iffue  male. 
He  was  declared  guilty,  and  executed  on  Tower- 
Jiill  the  17th  of  May,  1521.  He  was  the  laft 
who  enjoyed  the  fettled  pod  of  Lord  High  Con- 
flable  of  England ;  an  office  which,  from  the 
power  with  which  it  was  attended,  was  alone 
fufficient  to  give  umbrage  to  fo  jealous  a  prince 
as  Henry  Vill. 

CHARLES'  BRANDON,  duke  of  Suf- 
folk ;  Hollar  f.  i6^g:  fquare  cut  beard,  Zvo. 
Doubtful.     See  Mary  queen  of  France,  Clafs  I. 

Charles  Brandon,  earl-marfiial,  refigned  his  ' 
flair;  May  8,  25  Hen.  VIII. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  at  Woburn  Abbey. 

HENRICUS  GULDEFORDE,con«- 

trorotulator  hofpitii,  &c.  Holbein  p.  Hollar  f.  1647. 
Collar  of  the  garter,  white  Jlaff-,  /mall  ^to. 

In  lord  Stafford's  gallery  is,   or  was,  a  por- 
trait of  him  by  Holbein. 

From  this  original  the  following  head  was  en- 
graved. It  is  in  Dr.  Knight's  "Life  of  Erafmus.'* 

Henry  Guldeforde  ;  Vertiiefc>  a/mall  oval. 

Henry  Guldeforde,  or  Guilford,  was  one  of 
the  greatell  ornaments  of  the  court  of  Henry 

that  Wolfej',  who  longed  to  fupplant  his  rival  favourite,  either 
from  vanity  or  infolence,  dipped  his  fingers  in  the  bafon  which 
the  duke  had  jull  before  held  to  the  king,  while  he  waflied  his 
hands  :  upon  which  he  poured  the  water  into  the  cardinal's  (hoes. 
This  io  provoked  the  haughty  prelate,  that  he  threatened  to  fit 
upon  his  fkirts  :  which  menace  occafioned  his  having  no  Ikirts  to 
}iis  coat,  when  he  next  appeared  in  the  royal  prefence.  The  king 
afking  the  reafon  of  this  fmgular  appearance,  he,  with  an  air  of 
pleafantry,  told  him,  that  it  was  only  to  dlfappoint  the  Cardinal, 
\)y  putting  it  out  of  his  power  to  do  as  he  had  threatened. 

VIII. 


ClassIII.      of    ENGLAND.  S^ 

VIII.  In  the  early  part  of  his  life,  he  ferved 
with  reputation  in  the  wars  with  the  Moors  in 
Spain  under  Ferdinand  and  Ifabella.  His  learn- 
ing and  perfonal  qualities  recommended  him  to 
the  efteem  of  the  great  Erafmus,  with  whom  he 
held  a  correfpondence.  In  the  feventh  year  of 
Henry  Vill.  he  was  conftituted  mafter  of  the 
horle  for  life.  Ob.  Jit.  dr.  40 — The  mother 
of  the  lord  Guilford  Dudley,  who  was  alfo  mo- 
ther to  the  earls  of  Warwick  and  Leicefter,  was 
of  this  family. 

CLASS    in. 
PEERS,  and  fuch  as  have  Titles  of  Peerage. 

HENRICUS  HOWARD,  comes  Surrice; 

iS"/.  24  ;    Holbem  p.  Hollar  f.  h.jh. 

Henry  Howard,  earl  of  Surrey;  Holbein -p, 
G.  V.  {Vertue)  fc.  ^to. 

EI  E  N  R I  c us  Howard,  &c.  Holbein  p,  .Verlue  fc. 
1747;  h.Jh. 

Henry  Howard,  &c.  Houbraken  fc.  Illufl, 
Uead. 

His  portrait  is  at  Kenfington. 

The  great  and  fhining  talents  of  this  accom- 
plilhed  nobleman  excited  the  jealoufy  of  Henry, 
who  ilrongly  fufpedted  that  he  afpired  to  the 
crown.  He  was  condemned  and  executed  for 
high-treafon,  after  the  formality  of  a  trial,  Jan. 
19,  1546  7.  His  father  the  duke  of  Norfolk's 
head  "  was  upon  the  block  •,"  but  he  was  hap- 
pily delivered  by  the  death  of  the  king.  The 
earl  of  Surrey  was  famous  for  the  tendernefs  and 
elegance  of  his  poetry,  in  which  he  excelled  all 
the  v/riters  of  his  time.  The  fair  Geraldine, 
the  fame  of  whofe  beauty  was  raifed  by  his  pen 

and 


^a  TheHISTORY      Hen.  VIIF. 

and  his  lance,  has  beeii  proved  by  Mr.  Walpole, 
from  a  coincidence  of  many  circumftances,  to 
have  been  Elizabeth,  fecond  daughter  of  Gerald 
Fitzgerald,  earl  of  Kildare,  by  Margaret,  daugh- 
ter of  Thomas  Grey,  marquis  of  Dorfer,  and  to 
have  been  the  third  wife  of  Edward  Clinton  earl 
of  Lincoln. 

A  Scotch  PEER. 

ARCHIBALD  DOUGLASS,  Earle  of 

Anguifh,  (Angus),  &c.  a  fmall  oval  belonging  to  a 
Set  of  the  Kings  of  Scotland, 

Archibald,  Earl  of  Angus,  united  the  talents 
of  the  gentleman,  the  ftatefman,  and  the  fol- 
dier.  Margaret,  widow  of  James  IV.  and  Re- 
gent of  Scotland,  "  for  her  better  fupport,"  as 
Crauford  tell  us,  married  this  Lord.  She  had 
doubtlefs  another  inducement :  he  was  the  moft 
accomplifbed  of  her  fubjefts  *.  In  the  minority 
of  James  V.  his  fon-in-law,  he  was  one  of  his 
Privy  Counfellors.  In  152 1,  he  was  promoted 
to  the  high  office  of  Chancellor  of  Scotland. 
But  afterwards,  falling  under  the  king's  difplea- 
fure,  he  was  outlawed  ;  and  retiring  into  Eng- 
land, was  gracioufly  received  by  Henry  VIII. 
who  took  him  into  his  Privy  Council.  Upon 
the  death  of  James,  he  returned  to  his  own 
country,  and  his  outlawry  was  annulled  by  par-  * 
liament.  He  commanded  the  vanguard  of  the 
Scots  army,  againft  the  Englifh,  at  the  dil- 
aflrous  battle  of  Pinkiefield,  where  he  gave  fuf- 

*  Buchanan  fays;  "  Archibaklo  Duglaflio,  Comiti  Angufia?, 
adolefcenti,  genere,  forma,  omnibus  denique  bonis  artibus,  Sco- 
ticEe  juventutis  primario,  nupfit."  This  author  not  being  accu- 
rate as  to  the  time  of  the  marriage,  his  learned  editor,  Riiddi- 
rnan,  adds  this  note;  "  6  Augulti,  anno  1514-,  Leflasus  et  Holin- 
fliedius  nuptam  teltantur." 

ficient 


Class  IV.      of    ENGLAND. 

ficient  proof  of  his  bravery.     Oh,  1557.    See 
Crauford's  Peerage,  p.  102,  103. 


9« 


CLASS    IV. 
The    C    L     E     R    G     Y. 

CARDINALS. 

THOMAS    WOLSiEUS,   card.  &  ar- 
chiep.  Eborac.  &c.   Holbein  p,  Faber  f.    One  of  ths 
founders^  4.to.  tnezz. 

Wolfey  intended  to  procure  copies  of  all  the 
MS.  in  the  Vatican,  for  his  college  at  Oxford; 
which  if  linifhed  according  to  his  plan,  would 
have  been  the  noblefl  foundation  in  the  world. 
Ke  founded  the  firll  profefforQiip  for  the  Greek 
language  in  that  univerfity. 

Thomas  Vv'olsey,  &c.  a  label  proceeding  from 
his  mouthy  infcribed  "  Ego,  nieus  et  rex  ;"  ^to. 

The  cardinal  has  been  much  cenfured  for  his 
arrogance  in  this  egotifm  ;  but  any  other  order 
of  the  words  would,  according  to  the  ftridtnefs 
of  the  Latin  idiom,  have  been  prepoflcrous. 
Here  the  fchoolmafter  feems  to  have  got  the 
better  of  the  courtier"^. 

Thomas  Wolsey,  &c.  Elflracke  fc.  ^to. 

1'here  are  two  copes  of  the  fame,  one  of  them  with 
arms. 

The  original  -print  is.,  as  I  am  informed,  before  his 
life  by  Mr.  Cavendi/h.,  the  founder  of  the  Devonfhire 
family.,  ivho  was  his  gentleman  ufher.  Perhaps  this 
has  been  copied  for  a  latier  edition  of  that  hook.  Ifindy 
in  a  large  manufcript  catalogue  of  Englifa  heads  by 

*  He  was  fchoolmafter  of  Magdalen  College  in  Oxford. 

Veriue^ 


i^'^  T  H  E   H  I  S  T  O  R  Y        Hen.  VIII, 

V  rtue^  in  my  foffejfwn,  that  there  is  a  head  of  him  hy 
Loggan. 

Thomas  Wols^eus  :  In  Holland" s  "  Heroolo- 
gia ;"  ^vo. 

Thomas  Wolsey  j  TV.  M.  {Marjhall)  fc,  fmall \ 
in  Fuller's  ♦«  Holy  State.'* 

Thomas  Wols^us  :  Fourdrinier  fc.  h.  len.  h.Jh. 
in  his  Life  hy  Fiddes  -,  fol. 

Cardinal  Wolsey,  Houhraken  fc,  Illiijl.  Head, 
Jn  the  -poffeffwn  of  Mr.  Kingjley. 

Thomas  Wolsey,  &c.  Defrochers  fc.  ^(o. 

Cardinal  Wolsey,  infcribed  C.  W.  Vertue  fc.  a 
fmall  oval  *. 

Cardinal  Wolfey  poiTelTed,  for  fome  years, 
all  that  power  and  grandeur  which  could  be  en- 
joyed by  the  greateft  favourite,  and  moft  abfo- 
sept  7.  lute  minifter,  under  an  arbitrary  prince.     After 

^5^5-  he  was  created  cardinal,  and  conftituted  legate, 

he  exercifed  as  abfolute  a  power  in  the  church, 
as  he  did  before  in  the  ftate.  His  abilities  were 
equal  to  his  great  offices  •,  but  thefe  were  by  no 
means  equal  to  his  ambition.  He  was  the  only 
mah  that  ever  had  the  afcendant  over  Henry ; 
but  his  friendfhip  for  him  did  not  *'  exceed  the 
*'  love  of  women  :"  the  violence  of  that  paffion 
was  not  only  too  ftrong  for  the  ties  of  friend- 
fhip, but  of  every  law  human  and  divine.  Had 
the  cardinal  not  oppofed  it,  he  had  perhaps  been 
fafe.  He  fell  into  difgrace  foon  after  the  king's 
marriage  with  Anne  Bolen.  Ob.  29,  Nov.  1530, 
SeeCiafsVI. 

*  There  is  no  head  of  Wolfey  which  is  not  in  profile.  That 
•which  is  carved  in  wood,  in  the  central  board  of  the  gateway, 
which  leads  to  the  Butchery  of  Ipfwich,  has  fuch  an  appearance 
of  antiquity,  that  it  is  fuppofed  to  have  been  done  when  he  was 
living  :  by  the  fide  of  it  is  a  butcher's  knife.  It  is  faid  that  his 
portraits  were  done  in  profile,  becaufe  he  had  but  one  eye.  This 
defeft  has  been  imputed,  perhaps  falfely,  to  an  infamous  dif- 
>        temper. 

JOHAN» 


Class  IV,      o  f  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  9- 

JOHANNES  FISCHERUS,  epifco- 
pus  RofFenfis;  H.  Holbein  in.  F.  V.  W.  exc.  a^to. 

Fisher,  bifhop  of  Rochellerj  Holbein  p.  Hon-     . 
hraken  fc.   IHuJl.   Head.     In  the  colls Elion  of  Mr. 
Richard/on  ^. 

Joannes  Roffenfis  epifc.     6  Latin  verfes,  &^to. 

FiscHERus,  epifpopus  Roffenfis:  In  Boijj'ard^s 
*'  Bibliotheca  Chalcog^^ 

John  Fischer,  bifhop  of  Rochefter;  Vaughan 
fc.Jix  Eng.  verfes ',  i27no. 

Jean  Fischer,  Anglois  ;  band  on  an  hour  glafs : 
in  Thevet^  ^to,  'There  is  a  foreign  wooden  print  of 
hiniy  with  an  ornamented  border  j  large  ^to. 

His  portrait,  at  St.  John's  College  in  Cam- 
bridge is  like  the  old  prints. 

He  is  placed  here  as  a  cardinal,  as  his  name 
is  on  the  lift  of  the  church  of  Rome.  He  may 
be  placed  lower,  as  an  Englifh  bifliop. 

This  prelate,  who  was  refpeflable  for  his  un- 
affeded  piety,  and  learning,  flood,  for fome  time, 
very  high  in  the  king's  favour.  But  refufing 
the  oath  of  fupremacy,  and  concealing  the  trea- 
fonable  fpeeches  of  Elizabeth  Barton  the  famous 
nun  of  Kent,  he  was  deprived  of  his  bifhopric, 
thrown  into  a  loathfome  prifon,  and  ftripped  of 
his  very  cloaths.  When  he  was  reduced  to  the 
loweft  condition  of  human  nature,  the  pope 
created  him  a  cardinal.  He  was  a  great  lover  i 
of  learning,  and  a  patron  of  learned  men  \  and 
was  remarkable  for  learninf?  the  Greek  lansuage 
of  Erafmus  when  he  was  an  old  man.  Behead- 
ed June  22,  1535. 

ARCHBISHOPS   and  BISHOPS. 
WILLIAM  WARHAM,  archbiHiop  of 

*  This  coUeftion  was  fold  and  difperfed. 

Canter- 


r:.'i' 


94  The   HISTORY       Hen.  Villi 

Canterbury,  and  lord-chancellor  of  England  to 
king  Henry  VIII.  Holbein  p.  Vertue  fc»  From  an 
excellent  original  in  the  Archbijljop's  palace  at  Lam- 
beth,    Illufi.  Head. 

William    Warham,   archbifiiop   of  Canter- 
bury ;  //.  Holbein  p,  Vertue  fc.  2>vq. 

Tr.  from  Archbifliop  Warham   Ihone  as  a  divine,  a 

March"'  lawyer,  and  a  ftatefman,  in  the  reignwof  Henry 

3^03-4.  VII.  with  whom  he  was  in  great  favour;  but 

was  fupplanted  in  this  reign  by  Wolfey,  who 
treated  him  with  haughtinefs,  took  every  occa- 
fion  of  mortifying  him,  and  even  of  ufurping 
his  privileges.  Erafmus  makes  honourable  men- 
tion of  this  prelate,  whom  he  efteemed  a  perfe<ft 
model  of  the  epifcopal  charadier  *.  Ob,  23  Aug. 

1532- 

THOMAS   CRANMERUS,   archiep. 

Cant.   In  Holland's  Heroologia ;"  Zvo. 

Though  Cranmer  owed  his  preferment  to  the 
part  he  ac5led  in  the  bufinefs  of  the  divorce,  he 
was,  in  every  refped,  worthy  of  his  high  dig- 
nity;  and  has  been  jullly  efteemed  one  of  the 
greateft  ornaments  of  our  church  and  nation. 
He  was,  for  his  learning,  fincerity,  prudence, 
and  moderation,  in  high  efteem  with  the  king ;  • 
and  pofieffed  a  greater  (hare  of  his  confidence 
than  any  other  prelate  of  his  time,  except  Wol- 
fey.    See  the  two  next  reigns. 

CUTHBERTUS  TONSTALL,  epifcopus 

Dunelmenfis  •,  P.  Fourdrinicr  fc.  b.JJj,     In  Fiddes's 
*'  Life  of  Cardinal  Wolfey r 
Tr.  from  Bilhop  Tonftall,  who  was  one  of  the  politeft 

fcholars,  appears  alfo  to  have  been  one  of  the 


London 

3530, 


*  **  Nullam  abfoliiti  prsefulis  dotem  in  eo  defideres."    See  his 
charafter  at  large  in  Erafmus's  *'  Eccleliaftes,"  lib,  i, 

moll 


Class  IV.       of    ENGLAND.  ^. 

moft  perfeft  charadlers  of  his  age  •,  as  the 
zealous  Reformers  cfuld  find  no  fault  in  him 
but  his  religion.  The  celebrated  Erafmus,  one 
of  whofe  excellencies  was  doing  juftice  to  the 
merit  of  his  friends,  tells  us,  that  he  was  com- 
parable to  any  of  the  ancients  *.  His  book 
*'  De  Arte  Supputandi,"  which  was  the  firft 
book  of  arithmetic  ever  printed  in  England,  has 
gone  through  many  editions  abroad.  Oh.  i8 
Nov.  1559,  Mt.  Z$. 

RICHARDUSFOX,  epifcopus  Winton. 
Henrico  feptimo  et  o5favo  a  fecretioribusy  £5?  frivati 
Jigilli  cujios.  Coll.  Corp.  Chrijii  Oxon.  Fundator,  A^. 
D"K  1516.  Johannes  Corvus  Fiandrus  faciebat ;  Ver- 
iue  fc.  i']2^.    In  Fiddes's  *'  Life  of  Cardinal  Wol- 

He  is  reprefented  blind,  which  calamity  be- 
fell him  at  the  latter  end  of  his  life.  The  origi- 
nal pidure  is  at  C.  C.  C.  Oxon. 

RiCHARDus  Fox  ;  Mt,  70  ;  G.  Glover,  fc. 

RiCHARDus  Fox-,  JEt.  70 i  Stttrt.fc. 

RiCHARDus  Fox  ;  a  finall  oval. — Another  for 
Dr»  Knighi's  "  Life  of  Ernfmus.'* 

RicHARDus  Fox,  &c.  J.  Fabcr  f.  large  ^to, 
mezz,  one  of  the  Set  of  Founders, 

This  prelate,  who  was  fucceflively  bilhop  of 
Exeter,  Bath   and  Wells,    Durham   and  Win- Tr.  from 

chefter,   was   employed    by   Henry  VII.   in  his  Durham, 
A.-  ^    •'.    .    -^      ,      J  ,    oa.  17, 

molt  miportant  negotiations  at  home  and  abroad ;  i -co. 

and  was,  in  his  lait  illnefs,  appointed  one  of  his 

executors.     He  was  alio  at  the  head  of  affairs 

in  the  beginning  of  this  reign ;  but  about  the 

year  15 15,  retired  from  court,  difgufted  at  the 

*  Erafmi  Epift.  lib,  xvi,  ep,  3. 

infolence 


96  The    HISTORY      Hen.  VIII. 

infolence  of  Wolfey,  whom  he  had  helped  to 

raife.     Oh.  14,  Sep.  1528. 

STEPHEN  GARDINER,  bilhop  of 
Winchefter.     See  the  reign  of  Mary. 

GULIELMUS  SMYTH,  epifc.  Lin- 
coln, -primus  Wallia  prafes.  Academic  Oxon.  cancel'- 
lariusy  Aula^  Regia^  et  Coll.  Mnei  Naji  Fund^.  ums, 
A.  D.  1^12.    y.  Faher  f.  large  d^to.  tnezz. 

Sir  Richard  Sutton,  a  gentleman  of  Prefbury 
in  Cheihire,  and  a  relation  of  the  bilhop  of  Lin- 
coln, was  the  other  founder. 

HUGH  LATIMER  was  confecrated  bi- 
fliop  of  Worcefter  in  Sept.  1535.  and  refigned  his 
bifhopric  the  firft  of  July,  1539*.  See  the  two 
next  reigns. 


DIGNITARIES  of  the  CHURCH,  &c. 

JOHANNES    COLETUS;   Svo.      In 
the  "  Heroologia."" 

John  Collet,  D.  D.  fome  time  dean  of  St, 
Paul's,  &c.   IF.  Mar/hall.  fc.  fmalL 

John  Collet,  &c.  ' Faithorne fc,  iimo. 

John  Collet  ;  2^0. 

Johannes  Coletus,  &c.    J,  Stiirt  fc. 

Johannes  Coletus-,  Faher  f.  large  ^to. 

Johannes  Coletus  •,  R.  Fi.oufionf.  mezz. 

Johannes  Coletus;  fuper  cathedram  magtjlri 
primarii :  natus  14.66,  Dec.  Sti.  Pciuli  1504, /«;?- 
davit  fcholam  15  12,  oh»  15  F9.  'ihis  head  was  en' 
graved  hy  Vertue  for  his  Life  hy  Dr.  Samuel  Knight y 
1724,   ^vo.     There  is  another  octavo  print  of  him 

*  When  he  put  off  his  epifcopal  robes  at  his  refignation,  he 
fprung  from  the  pro.  d  with  unufual  alacrity,  declaring  that  he 
found  himfelf  much  lighter  than  he  was  before, 

hy 


Class  IV.      of  ENGLAND. 

hy  the  fame  hand :  both  are  without  the  engra-uer's 

name. 

No  higher  teftimony  need  to  be  given  of  the 
merit  of  Co'et,  tiian  his  great  intimacy   with 
Eralinus.     There  was  a  fimilicude  of  manners, 
of  ftudieE,   and  fentiments  in  religion,  betwixt 
thefe  illullrious  men,  who  ventured  to  lake  off 
the  veil  from  ignorance  and  fuperftiticn,  and 
expofc  them   to   the  eyes  of  the  world  j    and 
to  prepare  men's  minds  for  the  reformation  of 
religion,  and  reftoration  of  learning.     Erafmus, 
who  did  huTJ  the  honour  to  call  hiiTi  his  mafter, 
has  given  us  a  hint  of  his  religious  fentiments, 
in  his  famous  colloquy  intitled  "  Peregrinatio 
Religion  IS  ergo,'*  in  which  Colet  is  the  perlbn 
meant  under  the  name  of  Gratianus  Pullus  *. 

Colet,  Lynacrt-,  Lilly,  Grocyn,  and  Wil- 
liam Latimer,  were  the  firft  that  revived  the 
learning  of  the  ancients  in  England. 

Dodor  CHAMBER,   a  clergyman,   phyfi. 
cian  to  Henry  VIII.     See  the  next  reign. 

GULIELMUS  TYNDALLUS,  martyr, 
2vo.     In  the  "  Heroologia.^^ 

William  Tindall,  (canon  of  Chrijl  Churchy  in 
Oxford)  2^to. 

There  is  a  very  indifferent  portrait  of  him  in 
the  library  of  Magdalen  Hall  in  Oxford,  of 
which  he  was  a  member. 

William  Tindale,  who  was  defervedly  ftyled 
"  the  Englifti  Apoftle,"  was  the  firfl:  that  tranf- 
lated  the  New  Tellament  into  Enghfli,  froro  the 
original  Greek.  This  tranflation  was  printed 
at  Antwerp,  1526,  8vo.  without  the  tranflator's 
name.     Three  or  four  years  atter,  he  publi(hed 

*  Var.  edit,  p.  43s« 

Vol.  I,  H  an 


97 


^8  The    HISTORY       Hen.  VIII. 

an  Englifh  tranQation  of  the  Pentateuch,  from 
the  original  Hebrew,  and  intended  to  go  through 
the  whole  Bible.  The  firft  imprefilcn  of  the 
Tellament,  which  gave  umbrage  to  the  popiQi 
clergy,  was  bought  up  at  Antwerp  in  1527,  by 
'  order  of  Tonftall,  then  bilhop  of  LondoHj  and 
foon  after  publicly  burnt  in  Cheapfide.  The 
fale  of  this  impreffion  enabled  the  tranfiator  to 
print  a  larger,  and  more  accurate  edition.  He 
v/as  burnt  for  a  heretic  at  Wilford,  near  Bruflels, 

JOHN  LELAND,  fome  time  Canon  of 
King's  College,  now  Chrift  Church,  in  Oxford,  a 
moft  learned  Antiquary,  and  not  an  inelegant  La- 
tin poet  -j ,  did  great  honour  to  his  age  and  coun- 
try. He  was  educated  under  the  famous  Lilye, 
and  fucceffively  itudied  at  Cambridge,  Oxford, 
and  Paris.  He  was  library-keeper  to  Kenry  VIII. 
being  perfectly  qualified  for  that  office  by  his  great 
ikill  in  ancient  and  modern  languages,  and  his  ex- 
tenfive  knowledge  of  men  and  things.  His  "  Col- 
kcianea^  and  his  *'  Itinerary^'"  the  manufcripts  of 
which  are  lodged  in  the  Bodleian  library,  have 
been  a  mod  copious  fund  of  antiquity,  biography, 
and  hiftory  to  fucceeding  writers.  He  fpent  fix 
years  in  travelling  through  the  kingdom,  being 
empowered  by  the  king  to  examine  the  Libraries 
of  Cathedrals,  Colleges,  Abbies,  and  Priories. 
Hence  it  was  that,  at  a  critical  juntlure,  he  ravifh- 
ed  almoli  an  infinity  of  valuable  records  from  duft 
and  oblivion.  His  vail  mind,  which  had  planned 
greater  things  than  were  in  the  power  of  one  man 

*  A  copy  of  his  Teftament  in  ofl-ivo,  was  fold  at  the  au^lion 
cFMr,  Jol',  Ames's  boiks,  J760,  for  foOrteen  guineas  and  a  half- 
I  have  been  credibly  informed,  that  another  copy  was  fold  at  the 
Philobibiian's  Library  in  Picca'iilly,  for  is.  6d. 

■\  His  encoiniiims  of  illultrious  and  learned  men,  his  contempo- 
raries, are  a  fufficicnt  pioof  uf  his  poetical  abiiitiss, 

to 


Class  IV.      of    ENGLAND, 

to  execute,  at  length  funk  under  its  burden,  and 
he  was  for  fome  time  before  his  death  in  a  ftate  of 
infanity.  He  died  the  i8th  of  April,  1552.  T'bere  is 
en  elegant  print  of  him  engraved  by  Grignion  from  his 
buft  at  All  Souls  College^  and  -prefixed  to  his  *'  Life" 
lately  publijhed  \  but  I  fee  no  reafon  to  believe  it  to  be  an 
authentic  -portrait. 

Imago  E  R  A  S  M  I  Roterodamij  ah  Alberto 
Durero  ad  vivam  effigiem  delineata.  Half  length ;  h, 
fh. — He  is  reprefented  fianding  and  writings  according 
to  his  ufiial  prahice  "^. 

Erafmus  had  a  very  high  opinion  of  the  paint- 
er of  this  portrait,  whom  he  thought  a  greater 
artift  than  Apelles.  "  Equidem  arbitror  (fays 
*'  he)  fi  nunc  viveret  Apelles,  ut  erat  ingenuus 
*^  et  Candidas,  Alberto  noflro  cefTurum  hujus 
•*  palmse  gloriam."  Dial,  de  re^ld  Pronunciattcne 
Ling.  Gfisc.  et  Lat, 

Erasmus  Roterodamus  3  Holbein  p^  Vorfter" 
man  fc. 

Erasmus  Roterodamus^  Holbein  p,  P.  Stents 
exc.  4.to. 

Erasmus,  &:c.  Holbein  p.  Stockius  f. 

We  have  Erafmus's  own  teilimony,  that  his 
portrait  by  Holbein  was  more  like  him,  thaa 
that  which  was  done  by  Albert  Durer.  It  was 
with  great  difficulty  that  he  could  be  prevailed 
upon  to  fit  to  either  painter,  as  he  intimates  in 
his  own  account  of  his  life. 

Desiderius  Erasmus,  &c. 

♦  Several  eminent  perfotis  of  this  time  are  reprefented  {landing 
attlieir  ftudy.— i-Ir  was  the  general  practice  of  Whitaker,  a  famous 
divine  of  Cambridge,  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth;  of  the  Ifrarned 
Boys,  one  of  the  tranflators  of  the  Bible  in  the  reign  of  James  I. 

Ha  I'-  Ingens 


99 


ICO  The   HISTORY      Hen.  VIII. 

*'  Ingens  ingentem  quem  perfonat  orbis  Erafmum, 
"  Haec  tibi  dimidium  pifta  tabella  referc; 
"  At  cur  non  totum  ?  Mirari  define  ledlor, 
'^  Integra  nam  totum  terra  nee  ipfa  capit." 
TV.  MarJIoaUfc.  half  length;  h,Jh, 

The  thought  in  this  much  applauded  epi- 
gram, which  was  written  by  Beza,  is  founded 
on  a  very  evident  falfefhood,  as  will  appear  by 
the  print  next  dcfcribed. 

Desiderius  Erasmus;  a  whole  length,  Jiand- 

ing  on  apedejlal.    This  is  his  fiat  lie  at  Rotterdam  \  Jh. 
Erasmus  j  his  right  hand  refit ng  on  a  Term.  Phi- 

lippus  Fredericus  GlajJ'erusf.  copied  from  J.  ab  Hey  den; 

h.fij. 

Erasmus,  &c.  natus  Ao.  1^67,  oMit  Ao.  1536; 

R.  Houfton  f.  large  4fo.  mezz.     Engraved  for  Roll's 

"  Lives  of  the  Reformers ;"  fol. 

Erasmus    Rotterodamus,   Vandyck  f.  Aqua 

forti,  h.  Jh. 

There  are  alfo  prints  of  him  by  F.  H.  Francis  Hcgen- 

lergh,  Gaywood,  P.  a  Gtinft,  &c.  &c.  ^ 

The  piflure  of  him  at  Longford  is  fuppofed 
to  be  by  Holbein. 

This  great  man,  v^ho  was  the  boaft  and  glory 
of  his  country,  diftinguifhed  himfeif  as  a  re- 
former of  religion,  and  reilorer  of  learning.  His 
religion  was  as  remote  from  the  bigotry  and  pcr- 
fecuting  fpirit  of  the  age  in  which  he  lived,  as 
his  learning  was  from  the  pedantry  and  barba- 
rifm  of  the  fchools.  He  was  much  elleemed  by 
the  king,  and  the  Englifii  nobility,  whom  he 
celebrates  as  the  mod  learned  in  the  world.   He 

•  There  is  a  fet  of  heads,  and  among  them  that  of  Erafmiis, 
well  cut  in  wood,  by  Toby  Stimmer,  who  took  many  of  them 
from  Paulus  Jovius.  Some  of  Stimmer's  have  been  copied  in 
Reufner's  Icones,  which  are  alfo  in  wood.  The  book  was  printed 
in  8vo,  atStrafburg,  1587. 

lived 


Class  IV.       6  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  loi 

lived  in  the  ftrifleft  intimacy  with  More,  Lvn- 
acre,  Coler,  and  Tonftal  •,  and  preferred  the 
fociety  of  his  ingenious  and  learned  friends  to 
that  of  the  greateil  princes  in  Europe,  feveral 
of  whom  fought  his  acquaintance.  We  find  in 
his  works,  particularly  his  Colloquies  and  Epif- 
tles,  a  more  juft  and  agreeable  picture  of  his 
own  times,  than  is  to  be  met  with  in  any  other 
author,  His  "  Morias  Encomium,"  which  will 
ever  be  admired  for  the  trueft  wit  and  humour, 
is  an  ample  proof  of  his  genius.  He  was  Mar- 
garet profeiTor  of  divinity  at  Cambridge,  Greek 
profefibr  at  Oxford  *  and  Cambridge,  and  mi- 
nifter  of  Aldington  in  Kentf.  The  bed  edi- 
tion of  his  works  is  that  by  John  Le  Clerc,  pub- 
lifhed  at  Leyden  in  ten  vols.  fol.  1703. 

DAVID  V7  H  I  T  H  E  A  D,  chaplain  to 
Anne  Bolen.     See  the  reign  of  Elizabeth. 

JOHN  SK  ELTON,  ftanding  in  a  pew, 
and  reading ;  taken  out  of  a  book  in  the  black  letter, 
called  "  The  Boke  of  the  Parrot  •"  without  date. 

John  Skelton,  a  laureated  poet  in  the  reign 
of  Henry  Vlll.  was  a  native  of  Cumberland. 
PlaviRg  entered  into  Holy  Orders,  he  became 
Re6lor  of  Dyfie  in  Norfolk.  He  is  faid  to  have 
fallen  into  fome  irregularities,  too  natural  to 
poets,  and  by  no  means  fuitable  to  the  clerical 
character.  He  was  eminently  learned  and  inge- 
nious ;  but  licentious,  even  to  fcurrility,  in  his 
fatires  upon  fome  of  the  regular  clergy ;   and 

*  Grocyn,  who  ftudied  in  Italy,  firll  introduced  the  Greek 
tongue  into  England,  which  he  profefl'ed  at  Oxford.  The  intro- 
duction of  that  elegant  language  gave  the  aiarra  to  many,  as  a 
moft  dangerous  innovation.  Hereupon,  the  univerfity  divided 
itfelfinto  two  f.iiilions,  diltinguilhed  by  the  appellations  of  Greeks 
and  Trojans,  who  bore  each  other  a  violent  animofity,  proceeded 
io  open  hoililities,  and  even  inhilted  Erafmus  himfelf. 

f  See  Kilburne's  "  Survey  of  Kent." 

H  3  dared 


103  Tke    history      Hen.VIII. 

dared  to  lafh  Cardinal  Wolfey,  v;hich  occafion-. 
ed  his  taking  fancluary  at  Weflminfler  Abbey, 
under  the  proceftion  of  John  I(]ip  the  Abbor. 
He  died  in  1529,  and  was  buried  in  the  church 
of  St.  Margaret,  ■Wtftminfter.  Erafmus,  in  an 
epiflle  to  Henry  VII I.  ilyles  him,  *'  Britannica- 
rum  Literarum  Lumen  et  Dccus."  h  is  pro- 
bable, that  if  that  great  ^nd  good  man  hcid  read, 
and  pt.rfe<5lly  underllood,  his  "  pithy,  pleafaunt, 
^*  and  profitable  works,"  as  they  were  lately  re- 
printed, he  would  have  fpoken  of  him  in  Icfs 
honourable  terms.  See  more  or  him  in  Bale, 
viii.  66^  and  in  Davies's  *^  Critical  Hiftory  of 
^'  Pamphlets,"  p.  28,  &c.  See  alio  the  article 
of  RuMMiN,  in  the  12th  Clafs. 

There  are  three  fmall  prints,  namely,  the 
Prior  of  the  Hermits  of  the  order  of  St.  Au- 
guftin,  John  Stone,  and  George  Rofe,  of  the 
fame  fraternity,  who  are  faid  to  have  fufferecj 
martyrdom  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII. 

CLASS     V. 

COMMONERS  in  great  Employment. 

Sir  THOMAS  WYAT,  ambafTador  to  feveraj 
courts  in  this  reign.   Sec  Clafs  VIII. 

<!t       -If       '"U      •*      •»;-■      *      ■{-       ■■•>=      * 

CLASS    VI. 

MENT  of  the  Robe,  vis.  CHANCELLORS,  &c. 

W  I  L  L I A  M  W  A  R  H  A  M,  lord-chancellor, 
See  Clafs  IV. 

THOMAS  WOLSEY,  lord-chancellor. 
See  Clafs  IV. 

Sir 


Class  Vr.       of  ENGLAND.  lo 

Sir  T  H  O  M  A  S  MORE,  lord-chancellor ; 
Holbein  p.  Vorjlerman  fc.  A  dog  lying  on  a  tables 
This  is  very  different  from  lis  other  portraits*. 

Thomas  Morus,  &c.  Holbein  p.  R.  PVhite  fc* 
h.  Jh. 

Sir  Thomas  More;  Holbein  p.  Vertue fc.  %vo. 

Sir  Thomas  More  -,  Holbetn  p.  Houbraken  fc, 
1 740.  In  the  pDJj'effon  of  Sir  Rowland  Wynne ^  BarU 
Iliuji.  He:id. 

Thomas  Morus  ;  In  the  "  Heroologia^''  %vo» 

Sir  Thomas  More  ;  Eljiracke fc.  /\to. 

Sir  Thomas  More-,  afmalloval;  AlarfJoall fc. 
In  the  title  to  his  Latin  Epigrams^  in  i%vo.  163B, 

Thomas  Mokus  Anglus;   4  Latin  lerfcs^  4.to. 

Thomas  Morus:  "  H^ec  Mori  effgies^'  i^c.  \to, 

Thomas  Morus  :   In  Boiffard\   ^to, 

Thomas  Morus,  quondam  AngUa  cancellarius^ 
i^c.  12  wo. 

Thomas  Morus  >  a  fnall fquare\  Ant.  Wierx.f. 

Thomas  Morus  j  Vander  fFerff  p.  P.  a  Gunji 
fc.hj,. 

Sir  Thomas  More  j  Vertue  fc.  a  roll  in  his  right 
hand. 

Thomas  Morus  ;  afMiticus  head^  neatly  engraved 
by  Gaywood,  after  Rembrandt  ;  .\to. 

Thomas  IVIorus,  in  wood,  iviih  an  crnamentcd 
border  :   large  ^to,  a  foreign  print. 

Thomas  Morus  A/.  5.  (^Michael  Burghers)  fc. 
This  luas  copied  from  an  old  print  pafied  before  a  ma- 
nufcript  of  "  Gidielmi  Roper  i  Fit  a  Thcmjs  Mori," 
which  belonged  to  Mr.  Murray,  of  Saco7nb,  and  which 
Mr.  Hearne  ejlecmed  a  great  curiofity,  and  fuppofed  it 
to  be  tkefirfl  print  of  Sir  Thomas  that  was  done  after 

*  Erafinus  mentions  the  following  particularity  of  him,  whicii 
is  not  expreifed  in  his  portraits.  •'  Dexter  humerus  paulo  vitietiir 
••  emiaentior  loevo,  pra;(ertiin  cum  incedit ;  id  qnod  illi  non  acciiiit 
*'  natura,  ibd  afluetudine,  (piaiia  permulta  nobis  Ibkut  idhasreie." 
Epilt.  ad  Uhitum  Hutteauni. 

FI 4  his 


D 


104  The    HISTORY      Hen.  VIII. 

kis  death,    Bur^hers*s  copy  is  prefixed  to  this  book, 
which  zvas  pihlijhed  by  Hearne. 

Thomas  Morus  -,  F.  v.  W,  exec.  /^to.  mat.  Inhere 
is  another  mat  print  of  him  in  Stapleton*s  "  'Tres 
Thoma^"^  Diiaci,  1588,  Si;*?. 

Sir  Thomas  More,  who  is  the  firfl:  lay-chan- 
cellor upon  record  *,  prefided  in  the  Chancery 
Promoted        vvith  great  abilities.     He  was  no  lefs  qualified 
1330."^'  for  this  great  office,  from  his  extenfive  know- 

ledge of  law  and  equity,  than  from  the  depth 
of  his  penetration,  and  the  exactnefs  of  his  judg- 
ment.    See  Clafs  VIII. 

Familia  Thom^  Mori;  a  Jo.  Holhenio  delinea- 
ta. — I.  Jo.  Morns,  'Thoma  pater,  A^u  76. — 2.  An- 
na Grijacria,  Jo.  Mori  fponfa.  An,  15. — 3.  Thomas 
Morus,  An.  50. — 4.  Alicia,  Thorns  Mori  uxor.  An, 
^y. — 5.  Margarita  Ropera,  Th.  Mori  filia.  An.  22. 
— 6.  Elifabeta  Danifaa,  Th,  Mori  filia.  An.  11  ^^ 
7.  Cecilia  Heronia,  Th.  Mori  filia,  An.  20. — 8.  Jo, 
Morus,  Th.filius^  An.  19. — 9.  Margarita  Gige  affi- 
nis.  An.  22. — 10.  Henricus  Paten/onus,  Th.  Mori 
morio.  An.  40. —  Cochin  fc.  The  engraving  is  only  an 
outline  -,  large  oblong  h.  Jh.  Very  fcarce.  It  belongs 
to  a  book  called  '*  TabelU  fele£la  Catharines  Patina^* 
1 69 1 ,  foL 

Familia  Thomje  Mori;  copied  by  Verfue,  from 
the  next  above,  for  Dr,  Knight'' s  "  Life  of  Erafmus^^ 
J 7 26,  Svo. 

The  plate  of  this  is  loft. 

JOHANNES  MORUS,  Pater. 

He  was  many  years  a  puifne  judge  of  the 
King's  Bench.    It  is  obfervable,  that  his  fon,  in 

*  It  has  been  faid  that  he  was  the  firft  by  chancellor  fince  the 
reign  of  Henry  II.  But  it  is  certain  that  Becket,  who  was  chan- 
cellor in  that  reign,  was  in  holy  orders  when  he  bore  that  office, 
though  he  had  thrown  off  the  clerical  habit. 

palling 


Class  VI.      of  ENGLAND.  -^05 

pafiing  through  Weftminfler  Hall  to  the  Chan- 
cery, never  failed  to  fall  on  his  knees  and  afked 
his  blefTmg,  whenever  he  faw  him  fitting  in  the 
court.     Ob.     .  jEt.  circ.  90. 

ANNA    GRISACRIA. 

Sir  John  More  married  this  lady  in  his  old 
age. 

ALICIA, 

Second  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  More,  by  whom 
he  had  no  iffue. 

MARGARITA   ROPER  A, 

Eldefb  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  More,  mar- 
ried to  William  Roper,  fon  and  heir  of  John 
Roper,  Efq.  prothonotary  of  the  King's  Bench. 

This  lady,  who  inherited  the  genius  of  her 
father  in  a  very  high  degree,  was  not  only  mif- 
trefs  of  the  fafhionabie  accomplifliments  of  her 
fex,  but  was  alfo  a  great  proficient  in  languages, 
arts,  and  f.:iences.  The  parental  and  nlial 
affe6lion  betwixt  the  father  and  the  daughter, 
was  encreafed  by  every  principle  of  endearment 
that  could  compofe  the  moll  perfect  friendlhip. 
She  died  in  1544;  and  was  buried,  according 
to  her  dying  requefl,  with  her  father's  head  in 
her  arms  ^. 

•  Her  body  is  in  the  Rnpers  vault,  at  St  Dunftan's  church, 
Canterbury  ;  near  which,  pa'-t  of  their  ancient  feat  is  ttill  remain- 
ing. In  the  wall  of  this  vault  is  a  fma!l  niche,  where,  behind  an, 
iron  grate,  is  kept  a  fcull,  called  Sir  Thomas  More's,  which  Mr. 
Gelling,  a  learned  and  worthy  clergyman  of  Canterbury  f,  in- 
forms me  he  has  ken.  feveral  times,  on  the  opening  of  the  vault 
for  fome  of  the  late  Sir  Edward  Bering's  family,  whofe  firlt  lady 
was  a  defcendent  of  the  Ropers. 

•f-  I  am  much  obliged  to  this  gentleman,  and  Mr.  Duncon-ibe,  another 
learned  and  worthy  clergyman  of  the  fame  place,  forl'evsral  ufelul  and  curious 
notices  relative  to  this  work. 

ELIZ. 


10^  Th  E  H  I  S  T  O  R  Y        Hen.  VIII. 

ELIS.   DAMSJEA, 

Second  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  More,  mar- 
ried to  John  Dancy,  fon  and  heir  to  Sir  John 
Dancy. 

CECILIA  HERONIA, 

Third  daughter  to  Sir  Thomas  More,  married 
to  Giles  Heron  of  Shacklewell,  in  Middlefex, 
Efq. 

JO.    MO  R  U  S, 

Only  fon  of  Sir  Thomas  More.  His  father's 
jeft  in  regard  to  his  capacity  is  well  known: 
there  was  undoubtedly  more  wit  than  truth  in  it, 
as  Erafmus  fpeaks  of  him  as  a  youth  of  great 
hopes  *,  and  has  infcribed  to  him  his  account 
of  the  works  of  Ariftotlc  f 

HENRICUS  PATENSONUS,  Morio,&c. 

Fool  to  Sir  Thomas,  who  would  fometimes 
defcend  to  little  buffooneries  himfelf.  "  Vale 
"  More,  (fays  Erafmus  to  him)  et  Moriam  tuam 
*'  gnaviter  defende  J."  After  his  refignation  of 
the  great  feal,  he  gave  this  fool  to  "  my  lord- 
**  mayor,  and  his  lucceffors."  The  proverbial 
faying  of  "  my  lord  mayor's  fool,"  probably  Pa- 
tenfon,  is  too  well  known  to  be  repeated  here. 
Sir  Thomas  More's  children,  and  their  families, 
lived  in  the  fame  houfe  with  him  at  Chelfea. 

CLASS    VII. 
OFFICERS  of  the  ARMY,  &c 

THOMAS    HOWARD,  duke  of  Nor- 
folk,  who  was  appointed  captain-general  of  all  the 

•  Epift.  lib.  29.  No.  16, 

f  The  epilUe  dedicatory  of  Grynaeus  before  the  Bafil  edition  of 
Plato's  Works,  fol.  1534,  is  addrelfed  to  him. 
4  Dedication  of  the  "  Morize  Encomium,'* 

kind's 


Class  VIII.      ofENGLAND.  ,07 

king's  forces  in  the  North,  94  Hen  VIII.  figna- 
Jized  his  valour  upon  many  occafions  in  this  reign. 
See  Clafs  II. 

JOHN,  Lord  R  U  S  S  E  L,  afterwards  earl 
of  Bedford,  captain-general  of  the  van-guard  of 
the  royal  army  at  Boulogne,  gained  great  reputa- 
tion as  a  foldier  at  this  period.  See  the  next  reign. 
Oafs  II. 

CLASS    VIII. 

KNIGHTS,    GENTLEMEN,  &c. 

Lord  (Sir  Ant.)  DENNY;  Jnm  1541,  ^/. 
29;  H,  Holbein  p.  Hollar  f.  ex  Collet.  Arundel, 
1 6^'j  ;  round ;  fmall  ^to. 

Sir  Anthony  Denny,  who  was  one  of  the  gen- 
tlemen of  the  privy-chamber,  and  groom  of  the 
ftole  to  Henry  VIII.  was  the  only  perfon  about 
the  king,  who,  in  his  laft  illnefs,  had  the  cou- 
rage to  inform  him  of  the  near  approach  of 
death.  He  was  one  of  the  executors  of  the 
king's  willj  and  of  the  privy-council  in  the  next 
reign  *.  The  firft  peer  of  this  family  was  Ed- 
ward lord  Denny,  created  a  baron,  3  Jac.  1.  and 
earl  of  Norwich,  3  Car.  I. 

PICHARDUS  SUTTON,  equesauratus, 

4ulce  Regia^  et  Coll.  £net  Naft  Fund'".  Alier,  Anno 
pom',  1512.  J.  Faber  f.  large  ^to.  mczz.  See 
GuL.  Smyth,  Clafs  IV. 

T  H  O  M  A  S  D  O  C  W  R  A,  crdinis  S,  Johan- 
nis  Hierofolum.  vulgo  d^  Malta,  Frees,  in  Anglia,  et 
({^ues  uU.  whole  length  \  h.  fij. 

This  order,  which   is   partly    religious,   and 

partly    military,  was  aboliOied  in   England  by 

Henry  Vlil. 

J-  *J"<^r  a  further  account  of  Sir  Anthony  Denny  and  his  familr. 
fee  Dr.  Thomas  Fuller's  •«  Hiltoiy  of  Waltham  Abbey,"  p.  ,2,  x\\ 

CLASS 


io8  The    HISTORY      Hen.  VIII. 

CLASS    IX. 

MEN  of  GENIUS  and  LEARNING. 

HENRY  VIII.  &c.  Defender  of  the  Faith-,  ^ti?, 

I  have  placed  Henry  VHI.  as  an  author,  at 
the  head  of  the  learned  men  of  this  reign  *  ;  a 
place  which  that  vain  prince  would  probably 
have  taken  himfelf,  with  as  little  ceremony  as 
he  did  that  of  Head  of  the  Church.  He  was 
author  of  the  "  Affertion  of  the  feven  Sacra- 
ments," againft  Martin  Luther,  for  which  he 
had  the  title  of  Defender  of  the  Faith  f .  This 
book  was  firft  printed  in  152 1.  He  was  alfo 
the  reputed  author  of  the  "  Primer"  which  goes 
under  his  name,  and  of  the  "  Inftitution  of  a 
Chriftian  Man."  This  book,  which  is  in  Latin, 
is  moft  probably  not  of  the  king's  compofition, 
but  the  joint  work  of  feveral  eminent  cler- 
gymen |. 

PHYSICIANS. 

ANDREW  BORDE;  in  Latin,  Andreas 
Perforatusj  Phyfician  to  Henry  Vlll.  and  an 
admired  wit  in  this  reign.  He  is  reprefented  in  a 
pew,  with  a  canopy  over  him  -,  he  wears  a  gown  with 
widejleeves,  and  on  his  head  is  a  chaplet  of  laureL 


"But  if  a  kins: 


More  wife,  more  juft,  more  learned,  more  every  thing.    PoPE. 

+  It  is  probable  that  bifhop  Filher  bad  a  great  hand  in  this  work. 

X  Henry  (hould  not  only  be  remembered  as  an  author,  but  as 
one  {killed  in  mufic,  and  a  compofer.  "  An  Anthem  of  his  com- 
*'  pofition  is  fometimes  fung  at  Chriit-church  cathedral ;  it  is  what 
"  is  called  a  full  Anthem,  without  any  Solo  part,  and  the  harmony 
"  is  good."  Barrington's  "  Obfervations  on  the  Statutes,"  &c. 
p.  44.8,  3d  edit.  Eralinus,  in  his  Epiftles  informs  us,  that  he  could 
not  only  juftly  fmg  his  part,  but  that  he  compofed  a  fervice  of 
four,  five,  or  fix  parts. 

This 


Class  IX.      of   ENGLAND. 

This  portrait  is  fronting  the  feventh  chapter 
of  the  following  book  :  "  The  introdudion  of 
"  knowledge,  the  which  dothe  teache  a  man  to 
"  fpeake  part  of  all  manner  of  languages,  and  to 
•'  know  the  ufage  and  fafhion  of  all  maner  of 
"  countries :  Dedycated  to  the  right  honourable 
*'  and  gracious  lady,  Mary,  daughter  of  king 
*'  Henry  the  Eyght."  Black  letter,  imprinted 
by  William  Coplande,  without  date. 

Before  the  firft  chapter  in  which  he  has 
chara6terized  an  Engliihman,  is  a  wooden  print 
of  a  naked  man,  with  a  piece  of  cloth  hanging 
on  his  right  arm,  and  a  pair  of  Hieers  in  his  lefc 
hand.  Under  the  print  is  an  infcription  in  verfe. 
Thefe  are  the  four  firft  lines: 

*'  I  am  an  Englifhman  and  naked  I  fland  here, 
*'  Mufing  in  my  mynde  what  rayment  I  (hall  were : 
*'  For  now  J  will  were  thys,  and  now  I  will  were  that, 
"  And  now  I  will  were,  I  cannot  tell  what,  &c." 

Our  author  Borde  is  thus  hinted  at,  in  the 
homily  "  Againfl  ExcefTe  of  Apparel."  A  cer- 
*^  taine  man  that  v/ould  pi6ture  every  country- 
*'  man  in  his  accuftomed  apparell,  when  he  had 
'^  painted  other  nations,  he  pictured  tiie  Englifh- 
*'  man  all  naked,  &c."  He  was  alfo  author  of 
"  The  Breviary  of  Health  * ;"  "  The  Tales  of 
the  Mad  Men  of  Gotham  f,"  &c.  See  an  ac- 
count  of  him  in  Hearne's  Appendix  to  his  pre- 
face to  "  Benedidlus  Abbas  Petroburgenfis.'* 

WILLIAM  BUTTS,  phyfician  to  Hen- 
ry VIII.  and  one  of  the  founders  of  the  College  of 
Phyficians,  in  whofe  records  he  is  mentioned  with 
honour,  as  a  man  of  great  learning  and  experience. 

•Before  this  book,   printed    1557    in  his  portrait,   a  whole 
Isngtli,  with  a  Bible  before  him. 
f  A  book  not  yet  forgotten. 

He 


109 


no  The   HISTORY      Hen.  Vllt 

He  died  in  1545,  and  lies  buried  in  the  church  of 
Fulham.  Sec  his  portrait  in  the  delivery  of  the 
charter  to  the  furgeons,  defcribed  Clafs  I. 

POETS* 

HENRY  HOWARD,    earl  of  Surrey. 
See  Clafs  III. 

SirTHOMAS  M^Y  ATT  -,  a 'wocden  prints 
after  a  painting  of  Hans  Holbein.  Frontifpiece  to  the 
hook  of  verfes  on  his  death,  entitled,  "  hiania,'^  pub- 
lifhed  by  Leland,  who  wrote  the  following  elegant  in- 
fer ip  lion  under  the  head ;  ^to. 

**  Holbenus  nitida  pingendi  maximus  arte, 
**  Effigiem  exprefiit  graphice,  fed  nullus  Apelles 
'*  Exprimet  ingenium  felix,  animumque  Viati." 
This  print  hath  been  copied  by  Michael  Burgheri 
and  Mr.  Tyfon.  The  drawing  of  this  head  by  Holbeini 
at  *  the  ^leens  houfe,  is  eftceined  a  majler-piece. 

Sir  Thomas  Wyatt  was  one  of  the  moft  learn- 
ed and  accomplifhed  perfons  of  this  time,  and 
much  in  favour  with  Henry  VIII.  by  whom  he 
was  employed  in  feveral  embaflies.  Some  of  his 
poetical  pieces  were  printed  in  J  565,  with  the 
works  of  his  intimate  friend  the  earl  of  Surrey, 
who,  with  Sir  Thomas,  had  a  great  hand  in  re- 
lining  the  Englifh  language.  He  was  the  firft 
of  his  countrymen  that  tranflated  the  whole  booh 
of  Pfalms  into  verfe.  Ob.  1541,  £t.  38.  Mr. 
Walpole,  in  No.  ii.  of  his  "  Mifcellaneous  An- 
tiquities," has  given  us  a  curious  and  elegant 
account  of  his  life. 

GEORGE  BUCHANAN,  the  celebrated 
Scotch  poet.     See  the  reign  of  Elizabeth. 

*  Holbein's  drawings  have  been  removed  frcm  Kenfington  to 
the  Queen's  houfs  in  St.  James's  Park. 

JOHN 


Class  IX.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  j  i  j 

JOHN  HEYWOOD*.  See  the  reign  of 
Mary. 

MISCELLANEOUS  AUTHORS. 

THOMAS  MORUS,  &c.  very  neatly  en* 
graved^  dedicated  to  the  chancellor  of  Liege,  by  Jo, 
Valdci\  1621,  \^mo. 

Sir  Thomas  More  was  a  great  mailer  of  the 
elegant  learningof  the  ancients  -f.  His  "  Uto- 
pia," a  kind  of  political  romance,  which  gained 
him  the  higheft  reputation  as  an  author,  is  an 
idea  of  a  perfedl  republic,  in  an  ifland  fuppofed 
to  be  newly  difcovered  in  America.  As  this 
was  the  age  of  difcoveries,  it  was  taken  for  true 
hiftory  by  the  learned  Budfeus,  and  others  •  who 
thought  it  highly  expedient,  that  miffionaries 
ihould  be  fent  to  convert  fo  wife  a  people  to 
chriftianity  J.  He  was  beheaded  for  denying 
the  king's  fupremacy,  6  July,  1535,  JEt,  52. 
See  Clafs  VL 

Sir  J  O  H  N  C  H  E  K  E.     See  the  next  reign. 

JOHANNES  LUDOVICUS  VIVES, 
In  Boijfard's  *^  Bibliotheca  Chaicggraphica  •,"  4/(7. 

John  Lewis  Vives  was  a  native  of  Valencia 
in  Spain.  He  ftudied  at  Louvaine,  where  he 
became  acquainted  with  Erafmus,  and  afTifted 
him  in  feveral  of  his  eftimabie  works.  He  was 
in  1523  appointed  one  of  the  firft  fellows  of 
Corpus  Chrilli  College,  by  bifhop  Fox  the 
founder. 

•  His  interludes  were  publiflied  in  this  reign. 
+  Sv;e  his  Epiftles  to  Erafmus. 

X  There  is  a  long  letter  of  the  famous  Ger.  Joan  Voflius  Upon 
the  «*  Utopia."  See  liis  (Voffii)  Epiltolie,  Eond.  1693.  lol. 

Soon 


112  The    history       Hen.  VIIL   - 

Soon  after  his  arrival  in  England,  he  read 
cardinal  Wolfey's  Le6lure  of  Humanity  in  the 
refedlory  of  that  college,  and  had  the  king, 
queen,  and  principal  perfons  of  the  court,  for 
his  auditors.  He  inftrufted  the  princefs  Mary 
in  the  Latin  tongue.  Oh,  1541.  His  works, 
the  chief  of  which  was  his  comment  on  St  Au- 
guftin  "  De  Civitate  Dei,"  were  printed  atBafil, 
in  two  vols.  fol.  1555. 

JOHN  S  T  A  N  B  R I  D  G  E,  ^^»^  zK  wood', 
fitting  in  a  ckair,  gown^  hood  on  his  Jhoulders,  Before 
his  **  Embryon  relimatum^  Jive  Vocahularium  metri- 
cum^^  printed  in  black  letter^  in,  or  about  the  year 
1522  ',  /\.to. 

This  author,  who  was  one  of  the  moft  con- 
fiderable  grammarians,  and  beft  fchoolmafters 
of  his  time,  was  many  years  mailer  of  the  fchool 
adjoining  to  Magdalen  College  in  Oxford. 

CLASS     X. 
PAINTERS,  ARTIFICERS,  &c. 

HANS  HOLBEIN,  junior,   Bafilienfis  5 

Sandrart  del.  ^vo. 

Joannes  Holbenus  ;  in  the  Set  of  Painters  by 
H.  Honditts ;  h.  Jh, 

Hans  Holbein  •,  Vorflermanfc.  holding  the  pen- 
cil  in  his  left  hand.  Probably  reverfed^  by  being  co- 
pied from  another  print.  This  occafioned  the  mijlake 
of  his  being  left-handed. 

Hans  Holbein;  in  a  round,  jEtat.  l^s^^  Anno 
1543;    Hollar f.  iinio. 

Giovanni  Holpein,  &cc,  fui  ip/Ius  effigiator, 
Mt.  45  •,  Menabuoni  del.  Billly  fc.  h.  fh.  One  of  a 
Set  of  Heads  of  Painters  done  by  themfelves,  in  thi 
Grand  Bukes  gallery  at  Florence, 

,   .  Johannes 


Class  k.       of    ENGLAND.  123 

Johannes  Holbein  j   ipje  p.     And  Skokius  f, 
h.jh, 
.     Hans  Holbein;  Gaywood f.  4.to. 

Hans  Holbein-,  Chambars  fc.  ^io.  In  the 
*'  Anecdotes  of  Painting^'  &c. 

Hans  Holbein.  See  his  portrait  in  a  groupe, 
in  the  print  of  Edward  VI.  delivering  the  charter 
of  Bridewell. 

Holbein,  who  may  be  deemed  a  felf-tanght 
genius,  was  a  celebrated  painter  of  hiftory  and 
portrait,  in  this,  and  the  following  reign.  His 
carnations  *  ;  and  indeed  all  his  colours,  are  ex- 
'quifite,  and  have  the  (Irongcft  characters  of  truth 
and  nature.  He  was  recommended  to  SirThomas 
More  by  Erafmus,  and  fufficiently  recommend- 
ed himfelf  to  Henry  VIII.  who  was  Ilruck  with. 
juO:  admiration,  at  the  fight  of  an  affemblage  of 
his  portraits  in  Sir  Thomas's  hall.  He  was  the 
firil  reformer  of  the  Gothic  flylc  of  architedture 
in  England.     Ob.  1554,  ^t-  s^- 

THEOD.  BARNARDUS*  (vel  Ber- 
iTARDus,)  ^c.  four  Latin  verfes;  H.  H.  exc.  /\to.  * 

Theodore  Bernard,  or  Bernardi,  a  native  of 
Amfterdam,  ftudied  under  various  mailers  ;  par- 
ticularly Titian.  He,  as  Vertue  thought,  paint- 
ed the  pidiures  of  the  kings  and  bilhops  in  the 
Cathedral  of  Chichefter.  There  is  a  family» 
fuppofed  to  be  defcended  from  him,  Hill  re- 
maining in  the  neighbourhood  of  that  city.  See 
"  Anecd.  of  Painting,"  i.  109,  2d.  edit, 

Mr.   MORETTi   Holbein   f.   Hollar  f.   ePi 

Collecl.    Arundel,   \6^y ',  fmall  d^to. 

Moretc  was  goldfmith  to  king  Henry  VIII. 
and  an  excellent  artift.  He  did  many  curious 
works  after  Holbein's  defigns. 

*  Fkfli  colours. 

Vol.  I.  1  HANS 


,T4  The    HISTORY       Hi^n  VIIL 

HANS  van  Z  U  R  C  H,  Goldfmidf,  Hal- 
beinp.  1532,  Hollar  f.  1647,  ex  Coll.  Ariind. 

In  Mr.  Weft's  Colledlion  was  a  curious  carv- 
ing in  box  by  this  artift,  infcribed,  "  Zurch 
Londini." 

PRINTERS. 

W  Y  N  KJE  N  D  E  WORD  E,  printer ;  a  p.nall 
ovaU  cut  in  wood;  in  Jmei's  "  Typographical  Anti- 
qiiihesy  or  Hiftorical  Account  of  Printing  in  England.'** 
Under  the  head  are  the  initials  cfCaxton's  name,  which 
he  at  firjl  ujed.  He  was  long  a  fervant  to  Caxton, 
Gndflourified  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VH.  and  VUL 

Mr.  Ames  informs  iis,  that  he  and  his  nu- 
merous fervants  performed  all  parts  of  the  print- 
ing bufmefs  ;  and  that  the  moft  ancient  printers 
were  alfo  bookbinders  and  bookfeilers.  The 
two  latter  branches,  were  carried  on,  at  leaft, 
under  their  inTpec^ion.  The  fame  author  adds, 
that  he  "  cut  a  new  fet  of  punches,  which  he 
*'  funk  into  matrices,  and  call:  feveral  forts  of 
"  printing-letters,  which  he  afterwards  ufed; 
"  and  Mr.  Palmer  the  printer  fays,  the  fame  arc 
*'  ui'ed  by  all  the  printers  in  L,Qndon  to  this 
"  day,  and  believes  they  were  ftruck  from  his 
*'  punches  ■^.'^ 

RICHARD  PIN  SON,  Efq.  printer  to 
King  Henry  VII.  and  VIII.  a  fmall  oval\  in  Amei's 
book. 

Pinfon  was  alfo  a  fervant  to  Caxton.     He  v/as 

born  in  Normandy,  and  died  about  the  year 

1528. 

ROBERT  COPLAND,  printer,  betwixt 
a  porter  and  a  beggar,  a  wooden  cut.  It  belongs  to 
a  q^uarto  pamphlet,  intitlcd^  *'  The  hye  Way  to  the 

•  "  Ames's  Typog.  Antiq."p.  80. 

Spyttd 


Class  >!.       of    ENGLAND.  115 

Spyttel  Houfe"  which  is  a  quaint  dialogue  in  verfe^ 
and  begins  with  "  lloe  Prologue  of  Robert  Copland, 
Compylar  and  Prynter  of  this  Boke.'* 

RICHARD  GRAFTON,  Efq.  printer, 
■a  fmall  'oval^  cut  in  woody  with  the  initials  of  his 
name, 

Richard  Grafton  was  born  in  I>ondon,  and 
flouriflied  in  the  reigns  of  Plenry  VIII.  Edward 
VI.  Mary,  and  Elizabeth.  In  his  own  name  were 
published  "  An  Abridgement  of  the  Chronicles 
•*  of  England,"  and  "  A  Chronicle,  and  large 
*'  meere  hiftory  of  the  Affayers  of  England,  and 
"  Kinges  of  the  fame  ;  deduced  from  the  Crea- 
"  tion  of  the  World,"  &c.  15&9.  His  rebus  is  a 
tun,  and  a  grafted  tree  growing  through  it.  The 
head  of  Grafton,  and  that  of  the  next  perfon,  are 
in  Ames's  Hiftory.  The  author  has,  with  greac 
induftry,  compiled  catalogues  of  books  printed 
by  the  artifans  whom  he  has  commemorated. 

REYNOLD  V^OLF,  Efq.  King's  printer; 

an  oval  within  afquare  cut  in  wood. 

Wolf,  who  was  a  German  or  a  Swifs,  was  a 
great  collector  of  antiquities,  and  furniflied 
Ralph  HolinQied,  who  was  one  of  his  executors, 
with  the  bulk  of  the  materials  for  his  "Chronicle." 
He  made  his  will  the  9th  of  January,  1573-4, 
and  probably  died  foon  after.  His  device  was 
the  lirafen  Serpent,  which  was  alio  his  fign. 

The  books  printed  by  thefe,  and  other  old 
printers,  have  of  late  years,  been  eagerly  boughc 
up,  at  immoderate  prices;  and  for  the  moll 
part,  by  capricious  colleclors,  who  regarded 
Caxton  and  Wynken  as  highly  as  Tom  Folio  is 
faid    to  have    efteemed  Aldus  and  Elzevir  * 

♦Tatler,  No.  158. 

1  2.  Some 


ii5  The    HISTORY     Hen.VIIL 

Some  have  prepoileroufly  confidered  thefe  books 
as  golden  mines  of  Englifh  literature,  whofe 
contents  our  modern  writers  have  been  conti- 
nually draining,  refining,  and  beating  thin,  to 
difplay  with  pomp  and  oftentation.  But  there 
are  feveral  learned  and  ingenious  gentlemen, 
whom  I  could  name,  who  have  turned  over  our 
books  in  the  black  letter  to  fome  purpofe,  and 
have,  by  their  help,  illufErated  Shakefpeare>  and' 
other  celebrated  writers. 

CLASS     XT. 
LADIES. 

C  A  T  H  A  R  I  N  A  B  O  L  E  N  A,  &c.  ovah^ 
arms ;   i  imo. 

This  lady  was  auntj  and  governefs  of  thc 
princefs  Elizabeth. 

The  Lady  G  U  L  D  E  F  O  R  D  E,  (or  Guil- 
fORo)  jEtat.  28,  1527.  Ex  Collet.  Arundel.  H. 
Holbein  p.  IV.  Hollar  f.  fmall  ^to. 

This  lady  was  wife  of  Sir  Henry  Guldeforde, 
Controller  of  the  Houfihold  to  Henry  VIII.  I 
take  her  to  be,  Mary  daughter  of  Sir  Robert 
"Wooton,  fecond  wife  to  Sir  Henry.  His  nrft 
was  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Bryan* 

CLASS    XII.. 

PERSONS  of  both  Sexes,    remarkable  only 
from  a  fingle  Circumftance  in  their  Lives. 

WILLIAM  SO  MMERS,  King  Henry  the 
Eighth's  jeiter  ^.    Frmi.  Del.  {Delaram)  fc.     In  a 

lonz 


'<i> 


*  That  fpecies  of  wit,  which  was  the  province  of  William 
Sommers,  and  other  buffoons,  in  this,  and  leveral  of  the  Aic- 

ceeding 


Class  XII,      of    ENGLAND.  1I7 

long  tunic ;  H.  K.  on  his  breaft  •, ,  a  chain,  and  a  horn 
in  his  hand.  Engraved  from  a  -painting  of  Ham  Hol- 
bein ;  whole  length ;  h.  fh.  very  fcarce.  There  is  a 
-portrait  of  him  at  Kenfrngton  looking  through  a  leaded 
.cafemen.t. 

Will.  Sommers  was  fonw  time  a  fervant  in  the 
family  of  Richard  Farmor,  Efq.  of  hiton  Nef- 
ton,  in  Northamptonlhire,  ancelior  to  the  earl 
of  Pomfret.  This  gentleman  was  found  guilty 
of  a  prizmunire  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  for 
fending  eight  pence,  and  a  couple  of  fhirts,  to 
a  priell,  convid:ed  of  denying  the  king's  fupre- 
macy,  who  was  then  a  prifoner  in  the  goal  at 
Buckingham.  The  rapacious  monarch  feized 
whatever  he  was  poffcfled  of,  and  reduced  him 
•to  a  ftate  of  miferable  dependance.  Will.  Som- 
mers, touched  with  compafTion  for  his  unhappy 
mafter,  is  faid  to  have  dropped  fome  cxpreffions 
in  the  king's  laft  iilnefs,  which  reached  the  con- 
fcience  of  that  mercilefs  prince,  and  to  have 
caufed  the  remains  of  his  eftate,  which  had  been 
much  difmembered,  to  be  reftored  to  him. 

ELYNOR  RUMMIN,  (or  Eleynoctr 
of  Rummy ng)  an  old,  illfavoured  woman,  holding 
a  black  pot  in  her  hand ;  a  wooden  print :  f r on ti [piece 
to  one  of  Skelton's  pieces,  called  by  her  name :  under 
the  print  are  thefe  lines  : 

"  When  Skelton  wore  the  laurel  crown, 

"  My  ale  put  all  the  ale-v/ives  down."    i^io. 

Elynor  Rummin  lived,  and  fold  ale,  near 
Lcatherhead  in  Surrey  *.  Skelton  was  probably- 
one  of  her  belt  cuftomers.     The  contemptible 

.needing  reigns,  became  the  i^igheft  recommendation  of  a  cour- 
tier,  in  tlie  reign  of  Chirles  \\. 

*  Aubie^'s  "  Antiquities  of  Surrey." 

I  3  works 


liS  The    history       Hen.  VIII. 

works  of  this  poet,  which  contain  little  befide 
coarfe  obfcenity  and  low  ribaldry,  were  reprinc- 
ed  in  odavo,  1736. 

I  fhall  here,  and  at  the  end  of  moft  of  the 
fubfequcnt  reigns,  take  occafion  to  incroduce  a 
few  remarks  on  the  drefs  and  fafliions  of  the 
times,  as  they  occur  to  me,  without  any  defiga 
of  being  particular. 

In  the  reign  of  Richard  II.  the  peaks,  or  tops, 
of  fhoes  and  boots  were  worn  of  fo  enormous  a 
length,  that  they  were  tied  to  the  knees  *.  A 
Jaw  was  made  in  the  fame  reign,  to  limit  them 
to  two  inches. 

-  We  are  informed,  by  feveral  antiquaries,  that 
in  the  time  of  Anne,  Richard's  Queen,  the  wo- 
men of  quality  firft  wore  trains,  which  occa- 
fioned  a  well  meaning  author  to  write  "■'  contra 
Caudas  Dominarum  f."  The  fame  queen  in- 
troduced fide-faddles  '^.  Before,  the  Englifh 
ladies  rede  as  the  French  do  at  prefent  j  and  as 
it  is  prefumed  the  Englifh  will  again,  if  fome 
woman  of  beauty,  rank,  and  fpirit,  one  of  the 
charioteers  for  infiance,  Ihould  fet  the  example  §. 
Ladies  who  throw  a  whip,  and  manage  a  pair 
of  horfes  to  admiration,  would  doubtlefs  ride 
a  fingle  one  with  equal  grace  and  dexterity.  It 
is  ftrange  that,  in  a  polidied  age,  the  French 
have  not  been  followed  in  fo  fate,  fo  natural, 
and  fo  convenient  a  pradice. 

•  Baker's  Chron.  p.  310. 

■f  Vide  "  Colledlanea  Hiftoiica  ex  Diilionario  Theologico  Tho- 
mae  Gafcoignii,"  lubjoiiied  to  Waltci  Hcmingfoi  d,  puWiflied  by 
Hearne,  p.  512. 

%  Rofll  Warwicenfis  Hiftorica,  p.  so;. 

^  Sefojlris  like,  foch  charioteers  as  tbefe. 
May  drive  fix  hainell  monarchs,  if  tliey  pleafe. 

Young. 

The 


Class  XII.       ofENGLAND.  119 

The  variety  of  drefies  worn  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  the  iiighth,  may  be  concluded  from  the 
print  of  the  naked  Englifhman,  holding  a  piece 
of  cloth,  and  a  pair  of  fhears,  in  Borde's  "  In- 
trodu<5lion  to  Knowledge*/'  Hie  drefs  of  the 
king  and  the  nobles,  in  the  beginning  of  this 
reign,  was  not  unlike  that  worn  by  the  yeomen 
of  the  guard  at  prefent.  This  was  probably 
aped  by  inferior  perfons.  It  is  recorded,  *'  thaC 
^-  Anne  Bolen  wore  yellow  mourning  for  Caiha- 
**  rine  of  Arragon-f." 

As  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  trace  the  growth 
of  the  beard  from  portraits,  and  other  remains 
of  antiquity,  I  find  that  it  never  flourifhcd  more 
in  England,  than  in  the  century  preceding  the 
Norman  Conquefb.  That  of  Edward  the  Con- 
fefTor  was  remarkably  large,  as  appears  from  his 
feal  in  Speed's  '*  Theatre  of  Great  Britain."  Af- 
ter the  Conqueror  took  pofTclIion  of  the  king- 
dom beards  became  unfafhionable,  and  were 
probably  looked  upon  as  badges  of  difloyaky, 
as  the  Normans  wore  only  whifkers.  It  is  faid, 
that  the  Englifh  fpies  took  thofe  invaders  for  an 
army  of  priefts,  as  they  appeared  to  be  without  ' 
beards. 

APPENDIX  to  the  Reign  of  HENRY  VML 

FOREIGN  PRINCES,  who  were  Knights 
of  the  Garter,  dec. 

C  A  R  O  L  U  S  V.  Imperator,  &c.  Jineas  Vicus 
Parmenftsjc,  adorned  with  trophies. 

•  SeeClafs  IX. 

t  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting."  The  fame  circumftance  is  in 
HalPs  Chronicle,  with  the  adcHtion  of  Henry's  wearitig  white 
Eioarning  for  the  unfortunate  Anne  Bolen.  Crimfon  would  have 
bt«a  a  iuuch  more  i'uicable  colour.     See  Hall,  p.  227,  zzZ, 

I  4  This 


110  The    HISTORY       Hen.  Vllf. 

This  famous  print  raifed  the  repu*;fltion  of  the 
engraver,  and  procured  him  a  confiderable  reward 
from  Charles  himfelf. 

Carolus  V.  Lomhartfc,   Frontifpicce  to  bis  Life ; 
4to. 

Both  thefe   prints  reprefent   him    older,    than 
when  he  was  in  England, 

Charles  V.  emperor  of  Germ.any,  and  king 
of  Spain,  is  faid  to  have  been  a  great  politician 
at  fixteen  years  of  age.  But  it  is  certain  that 
his  genius,  which  was  folid  and  very  extraordi- 
nary, was  not  of  the  quickeft  growth.  His  wars^ 
and  his  vaft  defigns,  which  were  known  to 
every  one  converfant  with  hiftory,  are  now 
better  known  than  ever,  by  the  work  of  z\\ 
hiftorian  that  does  the  greaceft  honour  to  the 
In  1520.  Scots  nation.  He  came  to  England  twice  in 
this  reign,  to  vilit  the  king,  to  whom  he  paid 
his  court  as  the  arbiter  of  Europe ;  as  Henry 
then  held  the  balance  betwixt  him,  and  Francis 
I.  of  France.  Tired  of  thcfe  adlive  and  bufy 
fcenes  in  which  he  had  been  long  engaged,  he, 
in  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  refigned  his  king- 
doms to  his  brother  and  his  fon,  and  retired  into 
a  monaftery.  He  was  thought  to  have  beeq 
very  ftrongiy  inclined  to  the  religion  which  he 
perfecuted  *.  Some  days  before  his  death,  he 
commanded  his  funeral  procefllon  to  pafs  before 
him  in  the  fame  order  as  it  did  after  his  deceafe, 
Ob,  21  Sept.  1558.  He  was  eleded  Knight  of 
the  Garter  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VII.  and  per* 
fonally  inilalled  at  Windfor,  1552. 

FERDINANDUS,  D.  G.  Rom.  Imp.  ^ 

•  About  200,000  men  are  faid  to  have  been  killed   uj'on  the 
account  of  religion^  in  the  reign  of  this  prince. 

large 


?nd  1522. 


Append,       o  p    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  121 

large  medallion.     In  the  "  Continuation  of  Golzius's 

Series  of  the  Emperors" 

Ferdinand  was  brother  to  Charles  V.  and  his 
fuccefibr  in  the  empire.  He  was  ele6led  Knight 
of  the  Garter,  the  23d  of  April,  1522,  when  he 
was  archduke  of  Auftria,  and  king  of  the  Ro- 
mans. Though,  from  the  fpirit  of  the  times,  his 
engasements  with  Charles,  and  the  neceffity  of 

'  his  affairs,  he  was  frequently  impelled  to  war, 
he  was  more  inclined  to  cultivate  the  arts  of 
peace,  which  were  better' fuited  to  the  gentle-? 
nefs  of  his  difpofition.  It  muft,  however,  be 
acknowledged,  that  his  rigorous  treatment  of 
Prague  was  an  inftance  of  fe verity,  more  fuitable 
to  the  fternnefs  of  his  brother's  charafler  than, 
his  own  natural  temper,  and  that  it  did  him 
no  honour.  Ke  died  in  1564,  and  on  the  2d 
of  Odober,  there  was  a  folemn  obfequy  for  him 
in  St.  Paul's  Church,  London." 

F  R  A  N  C  I  S  C  U  S  I.  &:c.  Franc.  Rex.   Tire 

d'lm  tableau  de  Raphael,  conferve  a  Fontainehleau. 
One  of  the  feries  of  the  kings  of  France^  from  Clovis  /, 
to  Louis  XIIL  inclujlve,  taken  from  medals  *,  tombs ^ 
and  paintings,  publifhcd  by  Jaq^ues  de  Bie,  1633  ;  foL 
There  is  a  portrait  of  him  in  the  Crozai  ccUe^iton  after 
'Titian. 

Francis  I.  who  was  eleded  Knight  of  the 
Garter,  2  Oft.  19  Hen.  VIII.  was  a  prince  of 
uncommon  genius  and  fpirit,  and  of  many  ami- 
able qualities.  He  was  a  great  check  to  the 
dangerous  ambition  of  Charles  V.  by  whom  he 
was  taken  prifoner  at  the  battle  of  Pavia.  His 
brave,  though  unequal  ftruggle  with  that  power- 
ful monarch,  helped  greatly  to  prefcrve  the  li- 

*  The  feries  of  nietlals  of  the  kings  of  France  are  the  moft  nu- 
merous and  confideiab'.e  of  all  the  moderji, 

berties 


1-22  TheHISTORY      Hen.  VjIL 

bertles  of  Europe.  He  was  embroiled  in  feveral 
wars  with  Henry  VIII.  which  were  at  length 
amicably  concluded.  The  magnificent,  or,  to 
fpeak  more  properly,  the  romantic  interview  of 
Henry  and  Francis,  in  the  Valley  of  Cloth  of 
Gold,  near  Ardres  in  Picardy,  has  been  de- 
fcribed  by  feveral  of  our  hiHorians.  Ob.  31  iVIar, 
1547.  His  reign  was  the  principal  asra  of  the 
arts  in  France. 

GUILLAUME    DE    CRCY:    In  ths 

**  Academk  das  Sciemes^^'*  &c.     The  prinl  is  of  the 
quarto  fize. 

William  de  Croy,  lord  of  Chievres,  who  def- 
cended  from  the  blood  royal  of  Hungary,  was 
""  a  man  of  letters,  a  good  foldier,  and  an  able 
politician.  He  was  perfecftly  qualified  to  fuper- 
jntend  the  education  of  a  prince,  and  was,  by 
the  Emperor  Maximilian,  appointed  governor 
of  his  grandfon  Charles.  But  his  great  and 
fliining  qualities  were  debafed  and  fuliied  by  a 
fordid  avarice-,  to  gratify  which  paffion  he  too 
long  kept  the  young  prince  in  a  llate  of  pupil- 
age. In  1515,  he  was  fent  by  him  into  Eng- 
land, in  the  quality  of  ambaflador,  to  renew 
the  treaties  which  his  predeceffors  had  made 
with  that  crown.  Charles,  whofe  gratitude  was 
one  of  his  excellencies,  raifed  him  to  great  ho- 
nours.   He  died  the  28th  of  May,  1521. 

JOHANNES  SLEID  ANUS,&c.  na- 
tus  Sleidae,  A.  D.  1506.  Legatus  in  Anglia  pro- 
Proteftantibus,  1545,  &c.  JV.F.  (Faithorm)  f.  In 
the  Englifh  tranjlation  of  bis  Hiftor)\fcl. 

John  Sleidan,  who  was  born  at  Sleida,  near 
Cologne,  was,  in  the  early  part  of  his  life,  a 
domcftic  of  cardinal  de  Bcliay.     He,  on  feveral 

occafions. 


Append.        of    ENGLAND.  123 

occafions,  acquitted  himfelf  with  honour  as  an 
ambaflTador-,  particularly  in  his  embaffy  to  Hen- 
ry VIII  from  the  whole  body  of  proteftants  in 
France.  His  "  Commentaries,"  written  with  can- 
dor, fpirit,  and  politenefs,  is  the  mod  confi- 
derable  of  his  works.  We  are  told,  in  the  "  Life 
of  Dr.  Swift  *,"  that  this  was  one  of  the  books 
which  he  read  at  Moor  Park,  and  that  he  took 
from  it  large  extrafls.  It  was  probably  recom- 
mended to  him  by  Sir  William  Temple,  who 
was  eminently  read  in  hiftory.  The  author 
died  in  1556 -f. 

SYMON  GRYN^US,  philof.  et.  theol. 

fiafc.  Feringa  in  Suevia^  A°.  I493  ;  Ob.  BafeUie,  A°. 
J541  ;   Kal.  Aug.    From  Boijjard;  /^to. 

Gryna^us,  who  ftudied  at  Oxford  about  the 
year  1532,  was  eminent  for  his  'fkill  in  the  La- 
tin, Greek,  and  Hebrew  languages ;  and  for 
his  knowledge  in  philofophy  and  the  mathema- 
tics. Mr.  Wood  informs  us,  that  when  he  left 
the  kingdom,  he  made  no  fcruple  of  carrying 
away  feveral  Greek  books  with  him,  which  he 
had  taken  from  the  libraries  in  Oxford,  becaufe 
he  faw  the  owners  were  carclefs  of  them  J,  He 
was  intimate  with  Erafmus,  and  was  prefenc 
with  that  excellent  man  when  he  died.   He  pub- 

•  See  Deane  Swift's  "Life  of  Swift,"  p.  276. 

f  See  a  great  and  juftchara(5ter  of  him  in  Schelhorne's  "  Amoe- 
nitates  Hift.  Ecclel.  et  Lit."  torn,  i.p.4.. 

X  Grynaeiis,  and  I'ome  of  the  members  of  the  univerfity  of  Ox- 
ford, are  precipitately  refledted  upon  in  "  Athen.  Oxon."  i.  58. 
*•  Brian  Twyne's  Apologia,"  lib.  3.  fcft.  31*.  is  referred  to  on 
that  occafion  ;  but  nothing  there  occurs  that  will  warrant  fuch 
reflexions.  It  is  fuHicient  to  refer  the  reader  to  Gryna;us's  Epif^ 
tie  Dedicatory  to  John  More,  where  the  author  has  apologized 
for  himfelf.  The  Epiftle  is  prefixed  to  "  Platonis  Opera,  cum 
Commentariis  Procli  in  Timoeum  &  Politica,  Bafil.  1534,"  fol. 
Or  fee  the  padage  in  queltion,  in  Maittaire's  "  Annaies  Typo- 
j^raphici,"  torn.  ult.  p  151. 

lifhed 


The    history      Hen.  YllU 

Ilfhed  Epiftles ;  the  McyuXrt  luvra^K  of  Ptolemy, 
dedicated  to  Henry  VIII.  &:c. 

ANDPvEAS  GERARDUS  HYPERIUS; 

in  Bcijfard,  ^to. 

Hyperius,  a  man  of  great  learning,  and  one 
of  the  bed  divines,  and  moll  elegant  writers  of 
his  age,  which  was  alfo  the  age  of  Erafmus, 
was  a  native  of  Ipres  in  Flanders.  Having  been 
ftrongly  fufped:ed  of  what  was  called  hercfy,  he 
came  over  to  England,  in  the  year  1536,  or  7, 
where  he  lived  above  four  years  in  happy  retire- 
ment \v\ih  Charles  lord  Montjoy,  a  man  of  let- 
ters, of  whom  Erafmus  hath  made  honourable 
mention  in  his  works.  He  was  afterwards  pio- 
fcflbr  of  divinity  at  Marpurg,  in  Germany,  where 
he  died,  the  ill  of  Feb.  1564.  Verheiden  fays 
that  his  printed  works  in  divinity,  and  the  fci^ 
cnces,  would  make  feven  volumes  in  folio.  Dr. 
Acterbury  has  mentioned  him  as  a  divine  of 
authority,  at  p.  52,  of  the  preface  to  his  Ser- 
mon, preached  at  the  funeral  of  Thomas  Ben- 
net,  fome  pafTages  of  which  had  been  objefled 
to  in  an  anonymous  pamphlet,  by  Hoadly. 

HEN  RIG  US   CORNELIUS  AGRIPPA, 

Mcdicus  et  Jurifconfukus:    In  Boifard,  4^10. 

Henry  Cornelius  Agrlppa,  who  was  born  at' 
Cologne,  in  J486,  was  a  man  of  a  prodigious 
compafs  of  knowledge.  He  was  careful  to  in- 
form himfelf  of  every  fcience;  and  faw,  or  pre- 
tended to  fee,  the  vanity  of  them  ail.  Happy 
had  it  been  for  him,  if  he  could  have  feen  the 
vanity  of  Alchymy,  before  he  was  the  dupe  of 
that  fallacious  philofophy,  and  before  he  had 
feduced  others,  who  were  as  great  dupes  as  him- 
felf.    He  was  celebrated  throughout  Europe ; 

and 


Al^PEND.       OF    ENGLAND.  125 

and  was  long  a  wanderer  through  many  parts  of 
h;  eager  in  purfuit  of  fortune,  which  he  never 
overtook,  and  promifing  himfclf  mountains  of 
gold,  which  evaporated  in  fmoke.  The  hiftory 
of  his  life,  as  recorded  by  Biiyle  and  Schel- 
horne*,  is  interefting  and  curious:  lometimes 
we  find  him,  in  all  the  pride  of  literature,  in 
fchools  and  unrverfities-,  at  other  times,  in  courts 
and  camps;  in  the  lliops  of  projefling  mecha- 
nics, and  in  the  laboratories  of  hermetic  philo- 
fophers.  Now  he  is  courted  as  a  prodigy  or 
knowledge  -,  and  then  fhunned  and  detefted  as 
a  forcerer,  and  his  very  dog  is  dreaded  as  an 
evil  demon -f.  He  was  in  England,  in  1510; 
and  in  1529,  received  an  invitation  from  Henry 
VIII.  to  fetrle  here,  which  he  thought  proper 
to  decline.  He  died  in  1535.  The  moft  cele- 
brated of  his  works,  which  are  in  Latin,  are  his 
Treatifes  "  Of  Occult  Philofophy  J,"  and  "  Of 
the  Vanity  of  Sciences :"  the  latter,  which  is  a 
frivolous  book,  has  been  greatly  improved  upon 

•  See  his  '*  Amosnitates  LiteraiicC,"  torn,  ii.  p.  553,  Sec,  and 
the  authors  referred  to  in  Jortin's  «'  Life  of  Erafmus,"  vol.  i. 

P-  533- 

f  That  which  contributes  moft  to  the  opinion  that  Cornelius' 
Agrippa  was  a  magician,  is  an  impertinent  piece  publiflied  under 
his  name,  entitled  the  fourth  book.  "  De  Occulta  Philofophia," 
which  that  learned  man  was  never  the  author  of.  For  it  is  not 
to  be  found  in  the  folio  edition  of  liis  works,  in  which  only  thofe 
that  are  genuine  and  truly  his  are  contained.  Prideaux's  "  Con- 
nexion,'' &:c.  Part  i.  Kook  iv.  p.  313,  notes,  edit.  1729. 

X  Many  weak  lieads  have  been  bewildered  by  this  book.  I 
knew  an  old  gentleman,  who,  upon  the  perufal  of  it  in  the 
Englilh   tranllation,   fancied    himfelf  a  magician,  and   an  adept,  \ 

and  that  liches  and  power  were  within  his  grafp.  He  declared 
to  me,  that  lie  would  not  leave  this  treafnre  to  any  man  who  did 
not  know  how  to  value  it  j  but  bequeathed  it  to  a  relation,  who  was 
not  fo  far  gone  in  the  ceieftial  fciences  as  to  be  above  all  worldly 
confiiierations;  and  who  prefently  fold  it  for  wafte  paper,  as  many 
others  have  done  fmce:  fuch  is  the  fate  of  a  work,  wliich  hath 
been  thought  to  contain  a  mine  of  gold,  and  which  once  engaged 
the  attention  of  the  learned  world.  It  is  now  fcarce,  and  is  va- 
lued as  a  curiofiry. 

by 


125  The    HISTORY      Hen.  VIII. 

by  Mr.  Thomas  Baker,  in  his  admirable  "  Re- 
fledtions  upon  Learning." 

JOHAN  RANTZAU,  Grand  Marefchal 
de  Danemarck  ;  Folkema  fc.  a  fmall  head,  with 
twelve  others  of  his  family,  in  'Tycho  Hofman's  elegant 
hook,  intitled,  "  Portraits  Hijloriques  des  Honimes  il- 
luftres  de  Dannemarck^''  1746,  ^to  ^. 

John  Rantzan,  lord  of  Bredenbourgh,  and 
commander  in  chief  of  the  Danifh  army,  in  the 
reigns  of  Frederic  I.  and  Chrittian  III.  was  one 
of  the  ableft  generals  that  his  country  ever  pro- 
duced. He  was  alfo  an  excellent  ftatefman  ; 
and  by  his  valour  and  prudence  fecured  the 
throne  of  Denmark,  and  confequently  its  liber- 
ties, againft  the  repeated  efforts  of  the  depofed 
tyrant  Chriftian  II.  He  was  the  chief  inftru- 
ment  of  eftablidiing  the  Proteftanc  religion  in 
that  kingdom.    Ob.  1565. 

He  is  mentioned  here,  as  having  been  in  Eng- 
land, in  the  courfe  of  his  travels,  in  the  reign 
of  Henry  VIII. 

CHRISTOF.  DE  LONGUEIL-,  N.  Lar- 
mejfm  fc.     In  the  "  Academie  des  Sciences,''  &c.  torn, 

Chriftopher  de  Longueil  f,  who  was  efteem- 
ed  one  of  the  mod  univerlal  and  polite  fcholars 
of  this  learned  age,  was  born  at  Malines,  in 
the  Low  Countries,  in  1490.  He  travelled  into 
England,  Germany,  Spain,  and  Italy,  was 
highly  in  favour  with  Lewis  XII.  of  France, 
and  Leo  X.  at  whofc  requeft  he  undertook  to 

•  I|i  this  book  is  a  confiderable  number  of  neat  heads  of  per- 
fons  who  have  been  here  in  public  cli.iraders. 

f  In  Latin,  Lon9;oliiis,  under  which  name  hU  life,  written  by 
cardinal  Pole,  is  in  Bates's  "  Vji«  Selects." 

write 


Append.        of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  127 

write  againft  Luther.  He  lived  in  the  ftridefl: 
intimacy  witli  the  carclinajs  Bembo  and  Pole, 
crpecially  with  the  latter,  who  clofed  his  eyes 
at  Padua,  where  he  died,  in  1522,  in  the  ^^.tii 
year  of  his^age.  His  Latin  Commentaries  on 
Pliny's  Book  of  Plants,  and  on  the  Civil  Law, 
are  fufficient  teftimony  of  his  learning;  and  his 
oration  in  praife  of  Lewis  XIL  and  the  Frencii 
nation,  a  fignal  proof  of  his  eloquence.  He  was 
one  of  the  bigoted  Ciceronians,  and  as  fuch  has 
been  defervedly  cenfured  by  Erafmus^. 

S.  IGNATIUS  de  LOYOLA;  Ruhens  p, 
Bolfwert  fc.  whole  length,  large  b.  jh,     Marinus  has 
engraved  a  print  of  him  after  Rubens^   which  repre- 
fents  him  in  a  churchy  cafiing  out  devils  -f. 

Ignatio  Loyola,  a  Spanifh  gentleman,  who 
was  dangeroufly  wounded  at  the  fiege  of  Pam- 
peluna,  having  heated  his  imagination  by  read- 
ing "  The  lives  of  the  SaintP,"  which  were 
brought  him  in  his  illnefs  inftead  of  a  romance, 
conceived  a  ftrong  ambition  to  be  the  founder 
of  a  religious  order  :  this  is  well  known  by  the 
appellation  of  the  Society  of  Jefus:]:.  Many  of 
the  members  of  this  body,  which  hath  been  ever 
above  the  four  and  fordid  aufterities  of  the  lower 
monaftic  orders,  have  aded  as  if  they  thought 
that  ChrilVs  kingdom  was  of  this  world,  and 
have  aimed  at  being  his  prime  minifters.  Great 
numbers,  however,  of  the  brighteft  ornaments 
of  the  church  of  Rome,  both   for  their  piety 

•  Vide  Erafm.  Epift.  loSj,  or  Jortin's  Life  of  him,  vol.  i.  p. 
4S3,  4.  Erafinus  in  his  "  Ciceronianus"  expofes,  with  his  ufiial 
ftrength  of  reafon  and  poignancy  of  ridicule,  tlie  afFe<5lation  of 
writing  every  tiling  in  the  language  of  Cicero. 

t  Ribadeneira  fairly  owns  tliat  he  had  not  the  gift  of  working 
miracles. 

X  The  Jefuits  and  Benedi6lines  have,  in  literature,  outflione  all 
the  other  orders  of  the  church  of  Rome, 

and 


128  TrtE    HISTORY    .  Hen.  VltL 

and  learning,  have  been  of  this  fociety.  Ic 
fhould  alfo  be  reiirembered,  that  prevaricat- 
ing end  pernicious  cafnifts,  intriguing  politi- 
cians, embroilers  of  kingdoms,  and  aiTafTins  of 
kings,  have  been  of  the  fame  fraternity.  The 
innocent  founder  hath  been  unjuftly  branded 
for  the  crimes  of  his  degenerate  fons.  "  He 
*' came  hither  a  begging  about  the  year  1531, 
*'  as  appears  from  his  life  by  Ribadeneira  *,  and 
"  found  his  account  in  it  f."  His  life  had 
been  written  by  about  twenty  authors  befides ; 
and  a  thoufand  have  written  aj^ainil  him  and 
the  Jefuits.  Beza  ftyles  the  order,  "  Anhelan- 
*'  tis  SatanDS  ultimus  crepitus  J." 
Loyola  died  the  31ft  of  July,  1556. 

P  ET  R  U  S  R  O  N  S  A  R  D  U  S,  &c.  //;  Boif 
fardi  fmall  /\to. 

Peter  Ronfard  applied  himfelf  late  to  ftudy  ♦, 
but  by  the  acutencls  of  his  genius,  and  conti- 
nual application,  he  made  ample  amends  for  the 
time  he  had  loft.  Though  he  formed  himfelf 
upon  the  Greek  and  Latin  Ciaffics,  fcarce  any 
author,  at  leafl  of  his  day,  has  a  more  original 
and  natural  air.  He  pofTcfTed  judgment  and 
fire  in  an  extraordinary  degree :  hence  it  is  that 
Thuanus,  who  was  partially  fond  of  him,  pre- 
fers him  to  any  poet  fince  the  Augullan  age. 
He,  like  other  old  poets,  hath  been  cenfured  for 
his  peculiarities:  he  might,  perhaps,  as  well 
have  been  blamed  for  wearing  an  antiquated 
drefs;  which  was  owing  more  to  the  prevailing 
fafliion  of  the  times,  than  the  caprice  or  affec- 

•  L.  11.  c.  I. 

t  I  am  obliged  to  the  reverend  and  learned  Mr.  Bowie,  of  Id» 
mifton,  near  Salisbury,  for  my  knowledge  of  this  circumftance, 
and  otiier  notices  relative  to  foreigners. 

X  The  Pope  has  lately  publiftied  a  bull  for  the  abolition  of  this 
order. 

tailoa 


Class!.      of   ENGLAND,  129 

ration  of  the  wearer.  He  died  the  27th  of  De- 
cember, J  585.  He  is  placed  here  as  having 
attended  James  V.  from  Paris  into  Scotland,  in 
1537;  where  he  continued  tvr/o  years;  after 
which  he  refided  about  half  a  year  in  England. 
See  his  elogium  in  Tbuanus,  and  his  article  in 
Bayle's  Didtionary, 

EDWARD  VI.  began  his  Reign  the  28th 
of  Jan.  1546-7. 

CLASS     I. 

The     K     I     N     G. 

EDWARDUS  VL  Holbein  p.  TV.  H.  (mncejlaus 
Hollar)  f.  ex  Colle£i.  Arundel.  1650  ;  h.Jh. 

There  is  an  original  of  him  by  Holbein,  at 
Houghton. 

Edward  us  VL  Holbein  p.  Grihelinfc. 

EDVARDU3  Sextusi  Zvo,  From  the  "  Heroo- 
Icgia^'* 

Edward  VL  Vaughn  fc,  a  fmall  oval,  with  or- 
tiaments,  before  his  Life,  by  Sir  John  Hayward ;  4/^. 
16:^0,  and  160,6. 

Edouard  VL  Vander  Werff p.  P.  a  Gunji.fc, 
h.fh. 

Edward  de  VI.  Coninck  van  Enghelant,  Cs'c,  in 
armour-,  /^to. 

Ed  YARD  us  Sextus,  &:c.  Faberf.  large  ^to.  ?nezz» 

Edvardus  VI.  Scc.y.  Faber  exc.  %vo.  mezz. 

Edward  VL  Vertuefc.  h.fh. 

Ed  ward  us  Sextus,  JEt.  15-,  oval,  ornaments, 
neatly  cut  in  wood  by  Virgilio  Sole  *,  of  Bruffds,  ^vo, 

*  This  engraver  had  liis  eyes  put  out,  for  copying  fome  ob- 
fcene  prints,  engraved  by  Marc  Antonio,  after  the  defigns  of  Ju- 
lio Romano,  to  which  Aretin  wrote  the  verfes. 

Vol.  L  K  It 


130  The   HISTORY       Edw.  VL 

//  belongs  to  the  Nezv  Tejianient,  printed  by  Richard 
Jugge->  1552,  hy  command  of  the  king. 

Edwardus  VI.  &c.  in  the  "  Atrium  Heroicum 
defarum^  Regum,  aliarumque  Summatum  et  prcceriim, 
qui  intra  proxi mum  feculum  vixere  et  hodie  fuperfunt. 
Chalcographo  et  Edit  ore  Dominic.  Cufiode  Give  Aug^ 
Vindel."  Pars  prima  &c.  1600,  pars  quarta  1602  : 
fmaUJolio.  A  fcarce  and  curious  book :  it  is  in  the 
Bodleian  Library. 

Edward  N\.  fitting  on  his  throne,  giving  the  Bible 
to  archbiJJjop  Cranmer,  nobles  kncelir.g  \  Holbein  del. 
a  wooden  print  -,  4^0.  From  Craiimefs  "  Calhechifmy^ 
printed  by  Walter  Lynn,  1548. 

Edward  VI.  giving  the  charter  of  Bridewell  to 
the  lord-mayor  of  London,  Sir  Geofge  Barnes,  Knt.  &c. 
On  the  right  of  the  throne  is  the  lord  chancellor, 
Iho.  Goodrich  bifldop  of  Ely,  Jtanding  -,  on  the  left  is 
Sir  Robert  Bowes,  Mafter  of  the  Rolls.  The  portrait 
'With  the  Collar  of  the  Garter  is  William  earl  of  Pem- 
broke ;  behind  whom  is  Hans  Holbein  the  painter.—' 
The  two  perfons  kneeling  behind  the  lord-mayor,  are 
William  Gerrard  and  John  Maynard,  aldermen,  and 
thenfhcriffs  of  London  :  their  names  are  omitted  in  the 
infcription  of  the  print.  Bridewell  was  formerly  the 
palace  of  king  John.  It  was  rebuilt  by  Henry  VHL 
in  1552.  This  hijiorica/  piece,  which  is  in  a  large 
fijeet,  was  engraved  by  Vertue,  after  the  original  by 
Holbein,  in  the  Hall  at  Bridewell. — The  donation  to 
the  city  was  in  1553. 

Ed  WAR  D  VI.  with  the  prayer  that  he  made  a  Utile 
before  his  death ;   S.  PafJ'^usfc.  ^to. 

There  is  a  fmall  whole  length  of  Edward  VI. 
by  Hoibein,  at  Houghton. 

The  0:reat  virtue  and  capacity  of  this  young 
prince,  iikethofeoffcjveralotiier  princes  who  have 
died  young,  prognofticated  a  very  happy  reign. 
The  Engli^i  Hiilorians  are  thought  to  [peak  in 

a 


Class  ir.       of    ENGLAND;  13I 

a  high  ftrain  of  panegyric  of  his  learning,  and 
other  accompliflimencs;  but  Cardan,  the  cele- 
brated Italian  philofopher,  who  converled  with 
him,  has  given  him  fuch  a  character,  as  renders 
aimofl:  every  thing  that  is  faid  of  him  highly 
credible.  See  the  "  Life  of  Cardan"  written 
by  himfelf ;  or  fee  the  fame  account  in  Fox's 
"  Martyrology." 

MARY  Queen  of  Scotland.  See  the  reign 
of  Elizabeth. 

CLASS    H. 

Great  OFFICERS  of  S  T  A  T  E,  and  of  the 
HOUSHOLD. 

EDWARD  SEYMOUR,  duke  of  So-' 
merfet ;  Holbein  p.  Hcuhraken  fc.  In  the  colktlion 
of  the  earl  of  Hertford.     Illuji.  Head. 

Edvardus  Seimerus;  in  the  "  Heroologia\^ 
^vo. 

Edwardus  Seimerus,  Somerfeti  dux  j  Ed' 
wardi  regis  avunculus^  ^c.  R.  White  fc.  h,Jh. 

The  duke  of  Somerfet,  anceftor  of  the  prefent  created  iS 
duke  of  Somerfet  and  earl  of  Hertford,  was  ^'^''- '547. 
lord-protedor  of  the  kingdom,  lord  high-trea- 
furer,  and  earl-marfhal,  in  this  reign.  Though 
his  adminiftration  was  not  without  blemiflies, 
his  conduct  was  generally  regulated  by  juftice 
and  humanity.  He  repealed  the  fanguinary 
and  tyrannical  laws  of  Henry  VIII.  and  by  gen- 
tle and  prudent  methods  promoted  the  great 
work  of  the  Reformation.  Such  was  his  love 
of  equity,  that  he  erefled  a  court  of  requeils  in 
his  own  houfe,  to  hear  and  redrefs  the  griev- 
ances of  the  poor..  His  attachment  to  the  re- 
formed religion,  but  much  more  his  envied 
K  2  greatncfs. 


132  The  HISTORY         Edw.  VL 

greatnefs  drew  upon  him  the  refentment  of  the 
faClioiis  nobility,  at  the  head  of  whom  was  his 
own  brother  the  lord-admiral,  and  John  Dudley 
earl  of  Warwick  *.  He  caufed  the  former  to 
be  beheaded,  and  was  foon  after  brought  to  the 
block  himfelf,  by  the  intrigues  of  the  latter,  to 
whofe  crooked  politics,  and  ambitious  views,  he 
was  the  grcateft  obftacle.  Executed  the  22d 
of  Jan.  155 1-2.     See  Clafs  VII. 

THOMAS  GOODRICK,  bifhop  of 
Ely,  lord-chancellor.     See  Clafs  IV. 

JOHN  RUSSEL,  the  firfl:  earl  of  Bed- 
ford, 1549;  Houhaken  fc.  Illujl.  Head.  In  ths 
colUciicn  of  the  duke  of  Bedford. 

John  lord  Ruflel  was,  in  1542,  appointed 
lord-admiral  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  the 
next  year  lord  privy-feal ;  which  great  office  he 
held  in  this,  and  the  next  reign.  He  attended 
Henry  VIII.  at  the  fieges  of  Terouenne  and 
Boulogne,  at  the  former  of  which,  he,  at  the 
head  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  Reformadoes,  re- 
covered a  piece  of  ordnance  from  ten  thoufand 
»  French,  under  the  count  de  St.  Paul.  At  the 
coronation  of  Edward  VI.  he  was  appointed  lord 
high-fteward  of  England  for  that  day  •,  and  in 
Cr.  earl  19  thc  fame  year,  he  had  a  grant  of  the  monaftery 
Jan.  1549.  q£-  Woburn  in  Bedfordlhire,  which  is  now  the 
feat  of  the  prefent  duke  of  Bedford,  who  is 
lineally  defcended  from  him.  Ob.  1554.  See 
the  former  reign,  Clafs  VII. 

GIOVANNI  DUDLEY,  ducadi  North- 
umberland i  holding  a  fword  in  his  right  hand; 
\2mo, 

•  Afterwards  duke  of  Northumberland. 

His 


Class  IT.      of  ENGLAND. 

His  portrait  is  at  the  duke  of  Dorfet's,  at 
Knowle. 

John  Dudley,  duke  of  Northumberland,  was 
earl-marfhai,  and  lord  high-admiral.  He  was  a 
man  of  parts,  courage,  and  enterprize  -,  but 
fraudulent,  unjufl:,  and  of  unrelenting  ambition. 
He  had  the  addrels  to  prevail  with  Edward  VJ. 
to  violate  the  order  of  fucceffion,  and  fettle  the 
crown  upon  his  daughter-in-law,  the  lady  Jane 
Grey.  Several  hiftorians  fpeak  of  him  as  the 
greatefl:  fubje^l  that  ever  was  in  England.  He 
was  executed  for  rebellion,  in  the  firft  year  of 
queen  Mary.  It  has  been  obferved,  that  he  had 
eight  fons,  of  whom  none  had  any  lawful  iffue  ^. 
See  Ciafs,  VII. 

TO  MA  SO  SEIMOR,  Ammiragliod'In- 

ghilterra,  iimo.  In  Lett's  "  EUfabetta"  It  jhouU 
be  remembered  here,  that  the  authenticity  of  nwji  of 
the  portraits  in  this  book  is  as  quejiionable  as  the  au- 
thofs  fa5fs. 

Thomas  Seymour,  baron  of  Sudley  and  lord- 
admiral  of  England,  was  a  younger  brother  of 
the  protedlor  Somerfet.  He  was  a  man  of  a 
good  perfon  and  addrefs  -,  and  no  ftranger  to  the 
arts  of  the  courtier,  or  the  gallantry  of  the  lover. 
The  impreflion  which  he  made  on  the  heart  of 
Catharine  Parre,  whom  he  married,  and  on  that 
of  the  princefs  Elizabeth,  whom  he  would  have 
married,  was,  by  credulous  people,  in  a  credu- 
lous age,  imputed  to  incantation.  His  love 
feems  to  have  been  only  a  fecondary   paffion, 

*  Sir  Robert  Dudlej',  who  was  ftyled  abroad  earl  of  Warwick, 
and  duke  of  Northumberland,  appears  to  have  been  the  legiti- 
mate i'jn  of  Robert  earl  of  Leicelter,  by  the  lady  Douglas  Shef- 
field, though  he  was  declared  illegitimate  by  his  fither.  See  the 
«  Eiograpliia,"  p.  1807. 

K  3  that 


153 


134  The    HISTORY      Edw.  Vl; 

that  was  fubfervient  to  his  ambition*.  His 
views  were  certainly  afpiring  •,  and  he  was 
juftly  regarded  by  his  brother  as  an  active  and 
dangerous  rival.  He  was  jexecutcd  in  confe- 
cjuence  of  an  a6l  of  attainder,  without  even  the 
formality  of  a  trial,  the  9th  of  March,  1548-9. 
Mr.  Warton  in  his  "  Life  of  Sir  Thomas  Pope," 
has  given  us  a  curious  account  of  fome  coquet- 
ries which  pafied  betwixt  the  princefs  Elizabeth 
and  the  iord-admiral. 

GULIELMUS  HERBERTUS,  comes 

Pembrochi:^  •,  in  the  *■'■  Heroologia;''^  ^vo. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  in  the  delivery  of 
the  charter  of  Bridewell,  in  the  preceding  Clafs. 
This  nobleman  was  efquire  of  the  body  to 
Henry  VIII.  a  privy- counfellor,  and  one  of  the 
executors  of  that  king's  will.  He  was  nearly 
allied  to  Henry,  by  his  marriage  with  Anne, 
filler  to  Catharine  Parre,  He  was,  in  this  reign, 
confcituted  mafler  of  the  horfe,  eleded  a  knight 
Gr,  1551.  of  the  Garter,  and  created  earl  of  Pembroke. 
In  the  reign  of  Mary,  he  was  appointed  general 
of  the  forces  railed  to  fupprefs  Wyatt's  rebel- 
lion, and  had  the  command  of  the  army  fent  to 
defend  Calais.  He  was  lord-fteward  of  the 
houfehold,  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  Ob.  1569, 
JEt.  63.  His  head  may  be  placed  in  the  lait 
mentioned  reign. 

•  In  the  preamble  to  an  aft  of  parliament,  in  the  fecond  and 
third  year  of  Edward  VI.  entitled,  "  An  A&.  for  the  Attaynder 
of  Sir  Thomas  Seymour,  Knight,  Lorde  Seymour  of  Sudle/i 
High  Admiral  of  England,"  printed  by  Grafton,  1549,  folio,  it 
js  faid,  "that  he  would  have  done  what  he  could  fecretly  to  have 
married  the  princefs  Elizabeth,  as  he  did  the  late  ^een,  whom, 
it  may  appear,  he  married  firft,  and  after  fued  to  his  majefty  and 
the  lord  protestor,  and  their  council,  for  his  preferment  to  it. 
whom,  neverilielefs,  it  hath  been  credibly  declared,  he  holped  tQ 
her  end,  to  hafte  forward  his  other  purpole." 

CLASS 


Class  IV.      of   ENGL  AND,  135 

CLASS    III. 
PEERS,     &c. 

EDWARD  COURTNEY,  earl  of  De- 

vonliiire,  was  confined  in  the  Tower  during  this 
reign,  where  he  fpent  his  time  in  the  in">provcment 
of  his  mind,  and  in  elegant  amufements.  See  a 
defcripcion  of  his  portrait  in  the  reign  of  Mary. 

CLASS     IV. 

The    C    L    E    R    G   y. 

ARCFIBISHOPS,  and  BISHOPS. 

THOMAS  CRANMERUS,  archiepifc; 

Cant.  Julii  20,  ^t.  57  ;  Holbein  p.  Vertiie  fc.  h.Jh, 
Thomas  Cranmer,  archbifiiop  of  Canterbury, 
without  infcription ;   engraved  after  Holbein :  Calari 
f.  Guil.  Cartwright,  h.Jh. 

There  is  a  good  head  of  him,  after  Holbein, 
in  Thoroton's  "  Nottinghamfhire  ;"  fol. 

Archbifhop  Cranmer  proceeded  by  gentle 
fteps  to  promote  the  Reformation,  under  Ed- 
ward VI.  Though  he  was  in  his  nature  averfe 
from  violent  and  fanguinary  meafures  in  the 
eflabliniment  of  religion  ;  he  was  tranfported  be- 
yond his  ufual  moderation  in  one  inftance,  and 
went  fo  far  as  to  perfuade  the  king,  much 
againft  his  inclination,  to  fign  the  warrant  for 
the  burning  of  Joan  Bocher  for  hercfy.  This 
woman  held,  '*  that  Chrifl:  was  not  truly  incar- 
"  nate  of  the  Virgin :  whofe  flefh  being  the  out- 
*'  ward  man,  was  finfully  begotten,  and  born 
"  in  fin,  and  confequently  he  could  take  none 
*'  of  it :  but  that  the  Word,  by  the  confent  of 
K  4  «  the 


13^  The    HISTORY       Edw.  VI. 

"  ihe  inward  man  of  the  Virgin,  was  made 
"  flefh  *."   See  the  reign  of  Mary. 

EDMUND  BONNER,  bifiiop  of  Lon- 
don, was  deprived  17  Sept.  1549,  and  was  re- 
ftored  in  the  next  reign.    See  the  reign  of  Mary. 

NICOLAUS  RIDL^US,  (Epifc.Lond.) 

^vo.    In  the  "  Heroclogia.^'' 
Tr.  from  This  pious  and  learned  prelate,  who  was  in- 

Ap'  i^,  ^^*        defacigable  in  his  labour  to  promote  the  Refor- 
»550'  mation,  had  a  confiderable  hand  in  the  Liturgy 

of  the  Church  of  England,  which  was  firti  com- 
piled, and  read  in  churches,  by  command  of 
Edward  VL  There  was  a  fecond  edition  pub- 
liflicd,  with  many  alterations,  in  this  reign. 
Both  thefe  are  to  be  feen  in  Hamon  L'Eftrange's 
^'  Alliance  of  Divine  Offices,  or  Colledion  of 
"  all  the  Liturgies  fince  the  Reformation  •,"  fol  7, 
The  firft  copies  are  very  fcarce.  See  the  next 
reign. 

STEPHEN  GARDINER,  bifhop  of 
Winchefter,  was  imprilbned  in  the  Eleet,  and  af- 
terwards in  the  Tower,  in  this  reign.  Though 
he  fubfcribed  to  all  the  alterations  in  religion  by 
Edward  VL  he  was  flill  regarded  as  a  fecret  enem.y 
to  the  Reformation,  and  was  therefore  deprived  of 
his  bifliopric.     See  the  following  reign. 

THOMAS  GOODRICK,  (GcodrichJ) 
bidiop  of  Ely,  lord- chancellor.  His  portrait  is  in 
the  delivery  of  the  charter  of  Bridewell.  See 
ClafsL 

♦  Burnet,  vol.  ii.  col.  35. 
■\  The  fecond  edition  was  printed  in  1690. 
t  His  name  was  Goodricli,  as  appears  by  this  epigram  made 
upon  it : 

"  Et  bonus,  et  dives,  bene  )uni5tus  et  obtimus  ordo; 
PrjEcedit  bonitas,  pone  feqviiintur  opes." 

Thomas 


Class  IV.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  137 

Thomas  Goodrich,  who  was  fome  time  a  confec.  19 
penfioner  of  Bennet  College  in  Cambridge,  and  ^^'  ^^^'^' 
afterwards  a  fellow  of  Jefus  College,  in  that 
univerfity,  was  an  eminent  divine  and  civilian. 
He  was  one  of  the  revifers  of  the  tranflation  of 
the  New  Teftament;  and  a  commilTioner  for 
reforming  the  ecclefiaftical  laws,  in  the  reigns 
of  Henry  VJII.  and  Edward  VI.  who  employed 
him  in  ieveral  embaffies.  He  had  a  hand  in 
compiling  the  Liturgy,  and  "  The  Inftitution 
*'  of  a  Chriflian  Man."  In  1551,  he  was  pro- 
moted to  the  high  office  of  chancellor.  Upon 
the  accefllon  of  Mary,  he  refigned  the  feals  to 
Stephen  Gardiner,  bifliop  of  Winchefterj  but 
found  means,  though  he  had  been  zealous  for 
the  Reformation,  to  retain  his  bifliopric.  This 
drew  upon  him  a  fufpicion  of  temporizing  in 
favour  of  popery.     He  died  the  loth  of  May, 

1554- 

HUGH  LATIMER;  a  praying  figure, 
with  a  for  oil. 

HcJGH  Latimer,  bifhop  of  Worcefter* ;  />r^^(:y&- 
ing\  G.  Gif.  (Gifford)  fc,  Frontifpiece  to  the  ^to. 
edition  of  his  Sermons. 

Hugo  Latimer  us  ;  Houjion  f.  large  /\to  mezz. 

This  worthy  prelate  was  a  celebrated  preacher 
at  court,  in  the  reign  of  Edward  VI.  when  there 
were  no  fermons  but  in  the  principal  churches, 
and  upon  fome  particular  fafts  and  feftivals.  It 
is  probable  that  they  drew  the  attention  of  the 
people,  as  much  for  their  rarity,  as  the  reputa- 
tion of  the  preacher.  We  are  informed  by  Dr. 
Heylin,  thatfuch  crowds  went  to  hear  Latimer, 
that  the  pulpit  was  removed  out  of  the  Royal 

*  He  refigned  his  bifhopric  in  the  preceding  reign,  but  was 
|liU  jegaided  as  having  the  epifcopal  charaiSer. 

Chapel 


A  fult  of 
aimour. 


138  The    history      Edw.  VI. 

Chapel  into  the  Privy  Garden  *.     Artlefs  and 

uncouth  as  his  fermons  appear  to  us,  yet  fuch 

was  the  effect  of  his  preaching,  that  reftituiion 

,      was  made  to  the  king  of  very  confiderable  fums, 

;:     of  which   he   had  been   defrauded  f.     I   have 

tranfcribed  the  following  paflage  from  one  of 

his  difcourfes  preached  before  Edward  VI.  as  it 

relates  to  his  perfonal  hiftory,  and  is  alfo  a  juft 

■     pidure  of  the  ancient  yeomanry. 

My  father  was  a  yoman,  and  had  landes 
"  of  his  owne;  onlye  he  had  a  farm  of  3  or  4 
*'  pound  by  yere  at  the  uttermoft ;  and  here- 
"  upon  he  tilled  fo  much  as  kepte  halfe  a  do- 
"  zen  men.  He  had  walke  for  a  hundred  fhepe, 
"  and  my  mother  mylked  30  kyne.  He  was 
"■  able,  and  did  find  the  king  a  harneffe,  with 
"  hym  felf,  and  hys  horfle,  whyle  he  came  to 
"  the  place  that  he  lliould  receyve  the  kynges 
"  wages.  I  can  remembre  that  I  buckled  hys 
''  harnes,  when  he  went  into  Black  Heeath 
"  felde.  He  kept  me  to  fchole,  or  elles  I  had 
"  not  been  able  to  have  preached  before  the 
"  kinges  majeflie  nowe.  He  marryed  my  fyf- 
"  ters  with  5  pounde,  or  20  nobles  a  pece;  fo 
"  that  he  broughte  them  up  in  godlines  and 
*'  feare  of  God.  He  kept  hofpitalitie  for  his 
"  pore  neighbours,  and  fam  almefs  he  gave 
"  to  the  poore,  and  all  thys  did  he  of  the  fayd 
''  farme."     See  the  next  reign. 

JOHANNES  BAL^US,  Oforienfis  epif- 
cop  us.    In  Bo'Jfard's  "  Bibliotheca  ;"  4/^. 

Joannes  Bal^us  :  In  the  '-'^  Heroologia  \^  8vo. 

Joannes  BALiEus ;  prefenting  his  book  to  Edward 
VI.  a  wooden  print  -,  24/(7. 

•  Hift.  of  the  Reformation,  p.  57. 

•}■  See  Bradford,  in  the  next  reign,  Clafs  IV. 

There 


Class  IV.      of  ENGLAND.  I39 

There  is  a  head  of  him  in  his  "  Examination 
and  Death  of  Sir  John  Oldcaftle  *.'* 

There  is  another  head  of  him,,  well  cut  in 
wood,  on  the  back  of  the  tide  of  the  book  firlt 
mentioned  in  his  article  f . 

John  Bale  was  bifhop  of  OlTory  X  in  Ireland, 
and  author  of  "  Catalogus  Scriptorum  illuftri- 
"  urn  Brytannis,  Bafil.  1557,"  fo!.  He  was 
aifo  author  of  "  A  Comedy,  or  Interlude,  of 
"  Johan  Baptyft's  Preachynge  in  the  Wilder- 
*' neffe ;  opening  the  Crafts  of  Hypocrytcs," 
&c.  4to.  1  558  :  It  is  printed  in  the  "  Harleian 
Mifceilany." 

He  hath  given  us  a  detail  of  all  his  dramatic 
pieces,  which  were  written  when  he  was  a  pa- 
pift.  There  was  a  time  when  the  lamentable 
comedies  of  Bale  were  aded  with  applaufe.  Ha 
tells  us,  in  the  account  of  his  vocation  to  the 
bifiiopric  of  Oilbry,  that  his  comedy  of  John 
Baptift's  Preaching,  and  his  tragedy  of  God's 
Promifes,  were  a<5ted  by  young  men  at  the  Mar- 
ket-crofs  of  Kilkenny,  upon  a  Sunday.  Surely 
this  tragedy  muft  be  as  extraordinary  a  com- 
pofition>  in  its  kind,  as  his  comedies. 

The  intemperate  zeal  of  this  author  often  car- 
ries him  beyond  the  bounds  of  decency  and  can- 
dour in  his  accounts  of  the  papifts.  Anthony 
Wood  flyles  him  "  the  foul-mouthed  Bale  ;'* 

•Mr.  Oldys,  author  of  the  DifTertation  on  Pamphlets,  in  the 
«'  Phcenix  Britannicus,"  410.   p    558,  fays,  that  he  has  knowa 
Bale's  Examination,  &c.  of  Sir  John  Oldcaftle,  fell  for  three  gui- 
neas, on  account  of  its  rarity.     This  is  to  be  underftood  of  the    ' 
firft  edition. 

f  There  is  a  fmall  neat  head  of  Bale,  and  other  Englifti  cler- 
gymen, in  Lupton's  "  Hiftory  of  the  modern  Proteftant^Di  vines," 
London  1637.   The  prints  are  copied  from  the"  Heroologia,"  &c. 

I  OlTory  is  a  diftrid  ia  Irehind,  the  cathedral  of  which  fee  is 
at  Kilkenny. 

but 


1^0  The    history      Edw.  VI. 

but  fome  of  his  foul  language  tranflated  into 
Knglifh,  would  appear  to  be  of  the  fame  im- 
port with  many  expreffions  ufed  by  that  wricer 
himfelf.    0^.  1563.  ^Et.  68. 

Dr.  CHAMBERS,  (Chamber)  JiL  88; 
Holbein  p.  Hollar  f,  1640^   h.Jh» 

Dr.  John  Chamber,  who  was  fome  time 
phyfician  to  Henry  VIII.  was,  with  Lynacre 
and  Victoria,  founder  of  the  College  of  Phyfici- 
ans  in  London.  In  15 10,  he  v/as  preferred  to 
a  canonry  of  Wind  for  ;  and  in  1524,  to  the 
archdeaconry  of  Bedford.  In  1526,  he  was 
eleded  warden  of  Merton  College  in  Oxford  5 
and  about  the  fame  time  made  dean  of  the 
King's  Chapel  at  Weftminfter,  dedicated  to  the 
Blefied  Virgin  Mary  and  St.  Stephen  ^.  He 
enjoyed  feveral  other  lefs  confiderable  prefer- 
ments. Oi^.  1549.  See  more  of  him  in  Wood's 
*'  Fafti  Oxon."  i.  col.  50. 

DIGNITARIES  of  the  CHURCH. 

Sir  THOMAS  SMITH,  who  is  fuppofed 
to  have  been  in  deacon's  orders  |,    was  appointed 
inftaiid,     dean  of  Carlifle,  and  provoft  of  Eton,  by  Edward 
S546.         VI.    i>ee  Clafs  V. 

JOHN  BRADFORD,  prebendary  of  St. 
Paul's,  and  a  preacher  at  court,  at  the  latter  end 

*  He  was  at  the  expence  of  building  a  fine  cloyfter  adjoining 
to  this  chapel,  to  which,  and  the  canons  belonging  to  it,  he  gave 
the  perpetuity  of  certain  lands,  which  were  afterwards  feized  by 
the  rapacious  Henry  VIII. 

f  Sir  Henry  Saville,  and  Mr.  Thomas  Murray,  however  irre- 
gular it  might  be,  were  provofts  of  Eton,  though  not  in  orders  : 
ib  might  Sir  Thomas  Smith  have  been  before  them.  See  tlie  folio 
"  Cabala,"  p.  aSg,  and  Fuller's  "  Church  Hiftory,"  iv.  184.. 

of 


Class  IV.      o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.     ^  141 

of  the  reign  of  Edward  VI.  See  a  defcription  of 
his  portrait  in  the  fucceeding  reign. 

Foreign  Divines,  who  had  Preferment  in 
England. 

PETRUS   MARTYR  VERMILIUS,  S.  S. 

theologiae  apud  Oxonienfes,  profeffor  Regius,  na- 
Sus  FlorentU^  Sept.  8.  Anno  M  D.  Ob.  Nov.  12, 
MDLXII.  Stun  fc,  h,  fi.  In  Strypes  "  Memo- 
ir rials  of  Cranmer-"  fol.  1694. 

This  feems  to  have  been  done  from  the  por- 
trait of  him  now  in  the  Hall  at  Chrift  Church, 
Oxon.  given  to  that  College  by  Dr.  Rawlin- 
fon. 

Petrus  Martyr  Vermilius;    R.  Houjlonf. 
large  /^.to  mezz.  In  Rolt^s  "  Lives  of  the  Reformers.''* 

Peter  Martyr,  fome  time  pripr  of  Sr.  Fridian 
in  the  city  of  Lucca,  fled  from  his  native  coun- 
try on  account  of  the  protcftant  religion,  and 
took  fnelter  in  Switzerland,  whence  he  was,  in 
1547,  invited  to  England  by  the  protedor  So- 
merier,  and  archbifhop  Cranmer.  He  was,  the 
next  year,  made  Regius  Profeflbr  of  Divinity  ; 
and  in  1550,  inftalled  canon  of  Chrift  Church, 
His  numerous  works,  which  are  in  Latin,  con- 
lift  chiefly  of  commentaries  on  the  Scriptures, 
and  pieces  of  controverfy.  He  defired  leave  to 
withdraw  foon  after  the  acccfllon  of  Mary,  and 
died  at  Zurich  12  Nov.  15152.  His  itudy, 
which  he  ereded  for  privacy  m  his  garden,  was 
pulled  down  by  Dr.  Aldrich,  when  he  was  canon 
of  Chrift  Church. 


MAR. 


i^z  TheHISTORY      Edw.  VL 

MARTINUS  BUCERUS,  S.S.theolo- 

gice  apud  CantabrigicnfeSj  profeiTor  regius*.  Na- 
tus  Sekjlcidii,  149 1,  denatus.,   155*  j  ^-7^. 

Bucer;  Vander  IVerff  p.  G.  Valck.  fc.  h.  Jh. 

Martinus  Bucerus,  &c.  R^.  Houftonf.  large 
^to.  mezz.     In  Rolt^s  *'  Lives  of  the  Reformers.''* 

PAUL   FAGIUS,    Aleman,   de   Zabern, 

pafteur  riglife  de  Strafhourg^  &'c.  a  zvoodcn  print  5  ^to. 
Paulus   Fagius,   &c.      In  Boiffard's  *'  Biblio- 
iheca ;  fmall  ^to. 

Bucer  and  Fagius,  v/ho  fled  from  the  perfe- 
cution  in  Germany,  were  appointed  to  inftruCt 
voung  ftudents  in  the  Scriptures  at  Cambridge. 
Bucer  undertook  to  explain  the  New  Teftament, 
and  Fagius  the  Old  :  but  the  latter  died  before 
he  had  been  able  to  read  any  lectures,  on  the 
13th  of  November,  1550.  In  the  next  reigr>, 
the  queen  ordered  their  bones  to  be  taken  up 
and  burnt  -f. 

Z.  Pearce,  late  Bifhcp  of  Rochefter,  in  his 
««  Review  of  the  Text  of  Milton's  Paradife 
«  Lofl-,"  publifhed  without  a  name,  fays,  in 
the  laft  page,  that  Fagius  was  a  favourite  an* 
notator  of  Milton's. 

JOHN  AL.  ASCO,  a  Polander,  firft  paftor 
of  the  Dutch  church  in  England,  regn.  Edw.  VI. 
J.  Savage  fc.  In  Strjpe's  "  Memorials  of  Cranmer  \^ 
foU 

John  Alafco,  uncle  to  the  king  of  Poland  J, 

^  and  fome  time  a  bifhop  of  the  church  of  Rome, 

having  been  driven  from  his  country  for  hisreli- 

sion,  fettled  at  Embden  in  Eafl  Priefland.    He 

•  Appointed  profeflbr,  T 5 50. 

•f-  •«  Id  cinerem,  aut  ir.anes  credis  curare  fepultos  ?"    Virg, 

X  Fox,  vol.  iii.  p.  40. 

was 


Class  V.       of   ENGLAND.  141^ 

was  there  chofen  preacher  to  a  congregation  of 
proteftants,  who,  under  the  terror  of  perfecu- 
tion,  fled  with  their  paftor  into  England,  where 
they  were  incorporated  by  charter,  and  had  alfo 
a  grant  of  the  church  of  Auftin  Friars.  Thefe 
proteftants  differed  in  feme  modes  of  worfhip 
from  the  eftablilhed  church.  John  Alafco  was 
ordered  to  depart  the  kingdom  upon  the  ac- 
cefTion  of  Mary.  He  purchafcd  Erafmus's  va- 
luable library  of  him,  when  he  lay  upon  his 
death-bed.    He  died  in  Poland,  in  1560. 

CLASS     V. 
COMMONERS  in  great  ExMployments. 

Sir  THOMAS  SMYTH;  Holbeinp.  Hou- 
hraken  fc.  1743.  In  pojfejfwn  of  Sir  Edmund  Smyth, 
of  Hill  Hall,  in  EJfex,  Bart,     llluft.  Head, 

Sir  Thomas  Smith,  fecretary  of  ftate  to  Ed- 
ward VI.  and  queen  Elizabeth,  was  fent  am- 
baffador  to  feveral  foreign  princes  in  thefe  reigns, 
and  had  a  principal  hand  in  fettling  the  public 
affairs  in  church  and  ftate.  See  Clafs  V.  and 
IX.  under  Elizabeth  ^. 

JOHANNES  CHECUS,  Eques  Aura-, 
tus,  &c.  In  Holland's  '•'■  Heroologia-^^   8w. 

•  He  had  the  reftory  of  Leverington  in  Cambridgefhire,  in 
the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  But  a  reftory  might  have  been  held 
by  any  one  who  was  a  clerk  at  large.  For  though  the  law  of  the 
church  was,  that  in  fuch  a  cafe,  he  (hould  take  the  order  of  prieft- 
hood  within  one  year  after  his  inftitution  ;  yet  that  was  frequently 
difpenfed  with.  Indeed  there  is  no  appearance  of  evidence  for 
this  perfon's  having  been  in  holy  orders  j  and  it  is  prefuined  that 
Strype  in  the  life  of  him,  page  41,  was  the  firft  that  fuggefted  his 
"  being  at  leaft  in  deacon's  orders;"  a  fuggeftion  that  probably 
arofe  from  his  not  being  able  otherwife  to  account  for  the  fpiri- 
tual  preferments  which  he  enjoyed. 

His 


144  Th  E   H  I  S  T  O  R  Y      Edw.  VI. 

His  portrait  is  at  Lord  Sandys's,  at  Om- 
berfley,  in  WorcefterQiire. 

Sir  John  Ciieke,  fome  time  tutor  to  the  king, 
was  alio  fecretary  of  ftate  in  this  reign,  and  one 
of  the  privy-council  *.   See  Clafs  IX. 

CLASS     VL 
M  E  N   of  the  R  O  B  E. 

Sir  ROBERT  BOWES,  MaRer  of  the 
Rolls.  His  portrait  is  in  the  delivery  of  the  char- 
ter to  Bridewell.     See  Clafs  I. 

CLASS    VII. 
MEN  of  the  SWORD. 

EDWARDUS  SEIMERUS,Somerfetidux^ 

&c.   i2mo. 

The  duke  of  Somerfet  made  too  great  a  fi- 
gure as  a  foldier,  to  be  omitted  here  ;  as  he  ne- 
ver fnone  more  in  any  ftation  than  at  the  head 
Sept.  lo,         of  an  army.     He  defeated  the  Scots  at  the  me- 
'548.  morable  battle  of  MuiTelburgh,  in  which  14000 

of  the  enemy  were  killed.    This  was  fo  total  an 
overthrow,  that  they  could  never  recover  it. 

There  is  a  very  fcarce  pamphlet  of  his  expe- 
dition into  Scotland,  which  hath  been  fold  for 
four  guineas,  though  the  whole  of  it  is  printed 
in  Hollinfhed.  See  "  Phoenix  Britannicus," 
p.  558.  I  mention  this  as  an  inftance  of  literary 
infanity. 

*  He  is  fiippofed  to  have  been  in  Iioly  orders,  ns  he  held  a  ca- 
nonry  of  the  King's  College,  afterwards  called  Ciirift  Church,  in 
1543.  See  Fafti  Oxon/'  vol.  i.  col,  6S.  But  Dr.  Birch  fpeaks  of 
lay-deans  in  his  •'  Life  of  Prince  Henry,"  p.  14.  If  a  deanry 
might  be  held  by  a  layman,  fo  might  a  prebend,  or  canonry. 

TOHN 


Class  Vlll.      o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  145 

JOHN  DUDLEY,  earl  of  Warwick,  an 
excellent  Ibldier,  was  lieutenant-general  under  the 
duke  of  Somerfet,  in  the  expedition  to  Scotland, 
and  had  a  principal  (hare  in  the  victory  at  MufTel- 
burgh.  Sir  John  Hayward  tells  us,  "  that  foi*^ 
"  enterprizes  by  arms,  he  was  the  minion  of  this 
*'  time."   Hid.  Edw.  VI.  p.  15.  See  Clafs  II. 

Sir  THOMAS   CH  A  LONER.     See  a 

defcription  of  his  portrait,  Clafs  IX. 

This  gallant  foldier  attended  Charles  V.  in 
his  wars  j  particularly  in  his  unfortunate  expe- 
dition to  Algiers.  Soon  after  the  fleet  left  that 
place,  he  was  (liipwrecked  on  the  coafl:  of  Bar- 
bary,  in  a  very  dark  night;  and  having  exhauft- 
ed  his  ftrength  by  fvvimming,  he  chanced  to 
llrike  his  head  againft  a  cable,  which  he  had  the 
prefenceof  mind  to  catch  hold  of  with  his  teeth  ; 
and  with  the  lofs  of  feveral  of  them,  was  drawa 
up  by  it  into  the  fhip  to  which  he  belonged. 
The  duke  of  Somerfet,  who  was  an  eye-witnefs 
of  his  diftinguifhed  bravery  at  Muffelburgh, 
rewarded  him  with  the  honour  of  knighthood, 

CLASS     VllL 

KNIGHTS,  GENTLEMEN,  &c. 

Sir  GEORGE  BARNS,  lord-mayor  of 
London,  1552.  See  his  portrait  in  the  delivery  of 
the  charter  of  Bridewell. 

JOHN  MAYNARD,  alderman  of  Lon-^ 
don. 

WILLIAM  G  E  R  x\  R  D,  alderman  of 
London. 

See  the  portraits  together  with  that  of  Sir 
George  Barns, 
Vol.  I.  L  CLASS 


1^6  The    HISTORY      Edw.  VI. 

CLASS    IX. 

MEN  of  GENIUS  and  LEARNING. 

JOHN  KEY,  or  Caius,  phyfician  to  Ed- 
ward VI.    See  the  reign  of  Mary. 

POETS. 

GEORGE  BUCHANAN  came  into 
England  in  this  reien  -,  but  foon  left  the  kingdom, 
and  retired  to  France,  where  he  found  that  ftu- 
dicus  leifure  and  undifturbed  tranquillity  which 
he  had  in  vain  fought  for  here,  in  the  minority  of 
the  king.  His  head,  which  reprefents  him  ad- 
vanced in  years,  belongs  to  the  reign  of  Eliza- 
beth. 

Sir  THOMAS  CH  A  LONER.  His 
head  is  defcribed  in  the  divifioa  of  Mifcellaneous 
Authors. 

So  various  were  the  talents  of  Sir  Thomas 
Chaloner,  that  he  excelled  in  every  thing  to 
which  he  applied  himfelf.  He  made  a  confider- 
able  figure  as  a  poet.  Elis  poetical  works  were 
publifned  by  William  Malim,  mailer  of  St. 
Paul's  fchool,  in  i^y^. 

JOHxN  HEY  WOOD.  See  the  next 
reign. 

MISCELLANEOUS  AUTHORS. 

Sir  THOMAS  SMITH,  Knt.  horn  March 
28,  1 51 2;  deceafed  Auguji  12,  i  ^77  in  the  6c,tb 
year  of  his  cge :  Round  caf^  furred  garment.  Fron- 
ti/piece  to  his  Life,  by  Strype  \  ^vo. 

Sir 


Glass  IX.       of   ENGLAND.  14; 

Sir  Thomas  Smith,  when  he  was  Greek  lec- 
turer at  Cambridge,  affilted  by  his  learned  friend 
Mr.  Cheke,  firit  introduced  the  true  pronouncia- 
tion  of  that  language;  upon  which  he  wrote  a 
treatife  in  Latin.  Fluflied  with  his  fuccefs,  he 
fet  about  reforming  the  Lnglifii  alphabet  and 
orthography.  He  compofcd  an  alphabet  of 
twenty-nine  letters,  of  which  nineteen  were  Ro- 
man, four  Greek,  and  iix.  Englim,  or  Saxon. 
His  general  rule  in  orthography  was  to  write 
all  words  as  they  are  pronounced,  without  the 
leaft  regard  to  their  derivation  ■^.  This  project 
has  been  generally  looked  upon  as  chimerical. 
His  book  on  the  Commonwealth  of  England, 
is  eiteemed  a  juft  account  of  the  Englifli  con-  '^,D  ,<  -^/. 
ftitution,  as  it  was  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  *^    ^       ^ 

Sir  JOHN  CHEKE,  Knt.  Ob.  1^51.  Jof.    'hl^dluta 
"Nutting fc,    Frontifpiece  to  his  Life  by  Strype^  1705;     /  -i     c     I 

8W.    aUo   Aw/c  h.sk  .7.   GclC   Sc-  '  -  ^  - 

Sir  John  Cheke,  who  was  eleded  firft  pro- cir.  1540; 
feffor  of  the  Greek  language  in  the  univerfity  of 
Cambridge,  when  he  was  only  twenty  fix-years 
of  age,  was  an  intimate  friend,  and  feliow- 
•  labourer  in  the  fame  ftudies  with  Sir  Thomas 
Smith,  and  helped  greatly  to  bring  the  Greek 
learning  into  repute.  Thefe  two  celebrated  per- 
fons,  and  Roger  Afcham,  tutor  to  the  princefs 
Elizabeth,  were  the  politeft  fcholars  of  their 
time,  in  the  univerfity -f.  Sir  John  Cheke  was 
cruelly  ufed  oh  account  of  his  religion,  in  the 
reign  of  Mary,  and  was  fuppofed  to  have  died 
of  grief  for  figning  a  recantation  againft  his  con- 
icience.  His  writings,  which  are  mofHy  in 
Latin,  are  on  theological,  critical,  and  gram- 
matical fubjedts. 

^  *  The  praflice  of  Dr.  Middleton,  who  has  regard  only  to  de- 
rivation in  his  orthography,  would  be  much  better. 
_   t  An  elegant  edition  of  Roger  Aicham's  works  was  publifhed 
in4,to,  ill  1761, 

L  2  T  H  O. 


The   history       Edw.  VI. 

THOMAS  CHALONERUS,  i^T/.  28, 
1548;  Holbtnp.  Hollar  f.  1655;  ^•Z^- 

On  the  back  of  the  title  of"  his  hook,  "  De 
Republica,  &:c."  is  a  good  wooden  print  of 
him. 

Sir  Thonnas  Chaloner's  capital  work  was  that 
Of  right  ordering  the  Englijh  Republic^  in  ten 
Books  ^,  which  he  wrote  when  he  was  ambaffa- 
dor  in  Spain  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  It  is 
remarkable  that  this  great  man,  who  knew  how 
to  tranfaft,  as  well  as  to  write  upon  the  moft 
important  affairs  of  dates  and  kingdoms,  could 
defcend  to  compofe  a  dictionary  for  children, 
and  to  tranflate  from  the  Latin  a  book  of  the 
fubjeds.  Ob.  7.  Od.  1565.  He  was  father  of 
Sir  Thomas  Chaloner,  tutor  to  prince  Henry. 

CLASS     X. 

ARTISTS. 

HANS  HOLBEIN  continued  to  exer- 
cife  his  delicate  and  animated  pencil  in  this  reign. 
Hi'  portrait  is  in  the  delivery  of  the  charter  of 
Bridewell.     See  the  firil  Clafs. 

c  L  A  s  s   xr. 

LADIES. 

J  ANA  GRAY  A;  ^vo.  In  the  «  Heroo- 
Icgia." 

Jeanne  Gray-,  AVander  IVerff^  -j),  Vermeulen 
fc,  in  Larrefs  Hijiory, 

♦  "  De  Rep.  Anglorum  inftauranda,"  lib.  x.  Lond,  1579,  4to. 

The 


Class.  XII.      of   ENGLAND.  149 

The  Lady  Jane  Grey  was  daughter  to  Henry 
Grey  marquis  of  Dorfet  *,  by  the  lady  Frances 
Brandon,  elder  of  the  two  furviving  daughters 
of  Charles  Brandon  duke  of  Suffolk,  by  Mary 
queen  of  France.  This  lady,  who  was  highly 
in  the  king's  favour,  was  p(>freffed  of  alnnoft 
every  accomplilhment  that  is  eftimable  or  ami- 
able -f.  If  her  tutors,  Afcham  and  Aylmer,  may 
be  credited,  Oie  perfedlly  underftood  the  Greek, 
Latin,  French,  and  Italian  languages,  and  was 
alfo  acquainted  with  the  Hebrew,  Chaldee,  and 
Arabic.  She  played  on  feveral  mufical  inftru- 
mencs,  which  Ihe  lomctimes  accompanied  with 
her  voice.  She  wrote  a  fine  hand,  and  excelled 
in  various  kind  of  needle-work.  All  thefe  ac- 
complifhmcnts  were  "  bounded  within  the  nar- 
row circle  of  fixteen  years.'*  The  happinefs  of 
this  excellent  perfon's  life  concluded  with  this 
reign.    See  the  next. 

CLASS    XIL 

PERSONS  remarkable   only  for  one  Cir- 
cumftance,  &. 


Appendix  to  the  Reign  of  E  D  W  A  R  D  VL 

FOREIGNERS,    &c. 

HENRY  II.  Roy  de  France.    /.  de  Bie  fc.  h. 

Henry  II.  Son  of  Francis  I.  King  of  France, 
was  a  prince  of  much  greater  courage  than  ca- 

•  At>erwards  duke  of  Suffolk  ;  beheaded  15  53. 

■\  "  Qu^icq'jid  dulcc  animiim  compleverat,  vitile  quicquid  j 

**  Ais  cerebrum,  pittas  peiTlus,  tt  ora  Ikles."  ANON, 

L  3  pacity. 


150  The    HISTORY     Edw.VI; 

capacity.  He,  on  feveral  occafions,  fhone  in  the 
field  ;  but  made  no  figure  in  the  cabinet.  He 
loft  much  more  by  the  treaty  of  peace,  which 
followed  the  diiaftrous  battle  of  St.  Quintin, 
than  his  enemies  had  gained  by  that  viflory. 
Henry  was  as  limited  in  his  views,  and  as  fluc- 
tuating in  his  relolutions,  as  Catherine  de  Me- 
dicis,  his  queen,  was  comprehenfive  and  deter- 
mined. In  the  reign  of  this  king,  the  Englifh 
loft  Boulogne  and  Calais.  He  was  inverted  with 
the  Order  of  the  Garter,  in  France.  He  died 
the  loth  of  July,  of  an  accidental  wound  re- 
ceived at  a  tournament. 

HIERONYMUS  CARDANUS,  Me-> 
diolancnfis,  medicin^e  dodor;  /^to.  In  the  Conti- 
nuation of  Boijfard. 

Jerome  Cardan,  a  very  celebrated  Italian 
phyfician,  naturalift  *,  and  aftrologer,  carne 
into  England  in  this  reign,  and  was  introduced 
to  Edward,  of  whom  he  has  given  a  very  high 
encomium.  He  regarded  aftroiogy  as  the  firft 
of  all  fciencesj  and  v>;as,  in  his  own  eilimation, 
as  well  as  in  the  opinion  of  his  cotemporaries, 
the  firft  of  all  aftrologers.  He,  like  Socrates, 
was  fuppofed  to  have  been  attended  by  a  demon, 
or  familiar  fpirit-j-.  There  are  many  ingenious, 
as  well  as  whimfical  and  fabulous  things  in  his 
works,  which  were  printed  at  Lyons,  in  tenvo- 
lumes,  fol.  1663.  It  is  remarkable  that  he 
drew  the  horolcope  of  Jefus  Chrift  ;  and  that 
his  dcfcription  of  the  unicorn  is  exadliy  corref- 
pondent  to  that  ri6lirious  animal  which  is  one 
of  the  fupporters  of  the   royal  arms.     Ob.  clrc. 

•  He  was  called  a  magician,  which,  at  this  time,  was  another 
term  for  a  naturalift.  Vide  J.  Baptilla  Porta  "  De  Magia  natu- 
ral!." 

t  See  Beaumont's  "  Account  of  Spirits,"  &c.  p.  50,  h  feq. 


Class!.       o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  151 

1575,  jEt.  75  *.     See  more  of  him  in  Dr.  Ro- 
bertlbn's  "  Hiftory  of  Scotland,"  ^to.  I,  p.  1 16. 

HADRI  ANUS  JUNIUS,  a  celebrated 
Dutch  phyfician,  who  refided  in  England.  See 
the  next  reign. 

ABRAHAMORTELIUS,  fojourner  in 
the  univerfity  of  Oxford.  See  the  reign  of  Eli- 
zabeth, 

MARY  beganherReign  the  6th  of  July  1553. 

CLASS    I. 
The  R  O  YA  L  F  A  M  I  L  Y. 

The  Lady  JANE  GREY  was  proclaimed 
queen  the  loth  of  July,  1553.  Sec  Clafs  XI.  to 
which  (lie  properly  belongs. 

'Queen  MARY  I,  Antonio  More  p.  G.  Vertue 
fc.  h.  Jh,  From  a  figure  in  the  pojfejfion  of  the  earl  of 
Oxford. 

Maria  Hen.  VIII.  F.  &c.  Regina,  '^SSS* 
oval\  F.  H.  {Francis  Hogenherg)  at  the  top  \  well 
executed. 

This  was  perl-aps  engraved  after  the  year 
1555,  which  might  have  been  inferted  as  the 
sera  of  her  reign. 

Maria  I.  &;c,    a  jewel  hati^ing  at  her  breajl  \ 
W.  F.    T568. 

Marie,  ciq.  Fra.  Dclaram.  fc.  4to,, 

*  His  book  "  De  propria  Vita"  is  verj'  curious.  He  appears 
not  to  have  Itudied  Csfar's  Commentaries  before  lie  wrote  theCe 
Memoirs,  as  he  has  collefted  ail  the  teftimonies  of  bis  contem- 
poraries relating-  to  his  own  character,  and  has  placed  at  the 
head  of  them,  "  TelHmonia  dc  rne."  See  '•  Cardanub  de  pro- 
pi  ia  Vita,"  1654,  iznio. 

L  4  '  Maria, 


152  The   HISTORY       MarvI 

Maria,  AnglU,  Uifpanla^  i^c.  Regina\[mallh.jh. 
Maria,  &c.  in  a  large  ruff\  fold  by  Thomas 
Gee'e  -,  large  ^vo. 

Queen  Mary,  8vo.  with  this  motto:   ^^  Fortif- 
Jimi  quiqiie  interfe5ii  Junf  ah  ea -^   In  the  traiiflation 
of  bif/jiip  Godwin's  "  Annals  cf  England^^  1630.    hi 
this  book  art  copies  offo)ne  other  heads  of  our  kings. 
Maria,  &c.  J.  Janffonius  exc.  large  8vo. 
Maria,  by  de  Gratie  Gods,  &'c.  ^to. 
Marie,  Vander  Werff  p.  P.  a  Gunfi  fc>  h.  fh. 

The  melancholy  coT.plexion  of  this  princefs, 
her  narrow  capacity,  obUinate  and  unrelenting 
teruper,  and  blind  attachment  to  her  religion, 
contributed  to  carry  her  to  the  extremes  of  bi- 
gotry and  perkcution.  No  leis  than  284  per- 
ibns  were  burnt  for  herefy  in  this  Ihort  reign  *. 
Thefe  horrid  cruelties  facilitated  the  progrefs  of 
the  Reformation  in  the  nex:  -f. 

PHILIP  II.  king  of  Spain  and  Naples,  Sicily, 
Src.  &c.  (Confort  of  queen  Mary.)  Titiano  p. 
Vertue  fc.  1735.  From  an  excellent  original  painted 
by  Titian,  in  the  noble  coHcEiion  of  his  grace  William^ 
duke  of  Devonjhire  -,  h,  Jh. 

Fhilippus  II.  Titianus p.  1549,  C.Vifcherfc.  h.fJj. 

I'HiLippusII  F.  H.  (Francis  Hogenbtrg)fc.  It  is 
dated  1555,  nndis  companion  to  Mary  by  the  fame  hand. 

Philippjs  11.  Marcelli  Clodii  For??iis,  Roma, 
3588  ;  fine.  In  the  "  Qtta  da  Cremona,"  da  An- 
tonio Campo,  15^5,  folio,  are  heads  of  Philip  and 
his  four  tyueens. 

*  Rnpin. 

t  In  Blackftone's  "  Commentaries  of  the  Laws  of  England," 
Book  iv  p.  4^4,  425,  is  the  following  pafiage.  *' To  do  jutlice  to 
*'  tlie  fliort  reigii  of  QiRcn  Mary,  many  fiilutary  and  popular 
"  laws,  in  civil  matters,  were  made  under  her  adminiftration  ; 
**  perhaps  the  bevier  to  rc:onciie  the  people  to  the  bloody  mea- 
"  iuies  which  the  was  induced  to  purfue  for  the  re-eftablifhment 
«' of  religious  flavery;  the  well  concerted  fchemes  for  effefting 
"  which  wcie,  (througli  the  providence  of  God),  defeated  by  the 
^*  feafonable  accelfion  of  Queen  EiizabethT' 

Philip- 


Class  I.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  155 

Philupus  II.  J.  Baft,  Parmen.  Formls,  Rom^, 
1589  ;  a  large  border  of  arms ^  Jh.  curious. 

There  is  a  fine  piflure  of  Philip  and  Mary, 
by  Holbein,  at  Woburn  Abbey  *. 

Philippus  II.  AnL  Wierx  f,  fmall. 

Philippe  II.  Vander  Werff.p.  P,  a  Gunjl.  fc,  b.Jlj. 

Though  the  abilities  of  Pnilip  were  more 
adapted  to  the  cabinet  than  the  field,  he  was 
generally  the  dupe  of  his  own  politics.  His 
ambition  ever  prompted  him  to  enterprifes 
which  he  had  neither  courage  nor  addrefs  to 
execute.  He  was  fo  far  from  ufmg  his  influ- 
ence 10  reftrain,  that  he  actually  bore  a  part  in 
the  cruelties  of  this  reign,  and  entered  into 
perfsicution  with  the  fpirit  of  a  grand  inquifitor. 
The  mod  memorable  of  his  anions  was  the  vic- 
tory at  St.  Qi-iintin,  in  wiiich  the  Englifh  had  a  , 
confiderable  ihare.  He  is  faid  to  have  built  the 
Efcurial,  in  confequence  of  a  vow  which  he 
made  at  that  timef. 

*  Th3  following  defcription  of  Philip's  perfon,  which  may  be 
confidered  as  a  (ketch  from  the  life,  is  in  John  Elder's  letter  to 
Robert  Stuarde,  Bi(hop  of  Cithnes,  1555  J.  "  Ot  vifage  he  is 
**  well  favoured,  with  a  broad  forhead  and  grey  eyes,  llreight 
"  no!ed,  and  manly  countenance.  From  the  forhead  to  the 
**  point  of  his  chynne,  his  facegroweth  fmall  ;  his  pace  is  prince- 
*'  ly,  and  gate  fo  ftreight  and  upright,  as  he  lefeth  no  inch  of  his 
**  higthe  ;  with  a  yeallowe  head,  and  a  yeallowe  berde  1  and  thus 
*'  to  conclude  5  he  is  fo  well  proportioned  of  bodi,  arme,  legge, 
*'  and  every  other  limme  to  the  fame,  as  nature  cannot  worke 
♦•  a  more  parfite  paterne  :  and,  as  I  have  learned,  of  the  age  of 
•'  xxviii.  years;  whofe  majefty  1  judge  to  be  of  a  ftout  ftomake, 
♦'  pregn:uint  witted,  and  of  moll  gencel  nature." 

■|-  This  immenfe  pile  by  no  means  meiits  tlie  encomiums 
which  have  been  generally  given  it.  It  is  indeed  venerable  for 
its  greatnefs,  but  it  is  a  greatnefs  without  magiiificence.  It  is 
too  low  in  proportion  to  its  extent,  and  confequently  appears 

lieavy. 

*  See  Ames's  "  Typographical  Antiq."  p.  213,  214. 

X  Ballard,  at  p.  217  of  his  "  Memoirs,"  informs  us,  that  Qoeen  Eliz  ibeth 
conftantly  kept  Philip's  pifture  by  her  bedfide?  to  the  time  of  her  ile.^th. 

"■There 


154  The    HISTORY       Mary. 

^'here  is  afmall  head  of  the  princefs  ELIZABETH 
prefixed  to  '*  Nugse  Antiquse,"  a  mifceliany  of  ori- 
ginal papers^  by  Sir  John  Harington,  &c.  printed  at 
London^  in  1769,  i2mo.  which  deferves  a  better  title, 
^he  editor  tells  us,  that  the  plate,  engraved  about 
1554,  ^^^^^Z^d.  to  queen  Elizabeth,  who  made  a  Pre- 
fent  of  it  to  Ifabelia  Markham,  mother  of  Sir  jchn 
Harington.  1'here  is  afmall  whole  length  of  the  Prin- 
cefs, at  IVoodftock,  with  a  book  on  a  table  by  hen 
L  S.  invent,  Martin  D  fc.  iimo, 

CLASS     IL 

Great  OFFICERS  of  STATE,  &c. 

STEPHEN  GARDINER,  biOiop  of 
"Winchefter,  lord-chancellor.    See  Clafs  IV. 

JOHN  RUSSEL,  earl  of  Bedford,  lord 
privy-feal.    See  the  preceding  reign. 

HENRY  FITZALLAN,  earl  of  Arun- 
del, fteward  of  the  houiehold.   See  the  next  reign. 

CLASS     IIL 
PEERS. 

THOMAS  HOWARD,  duke  of  Nor- 
folk.    i5ee  the  next  reign. 

heavy  +.  The  principal  entrance  to  it  is  mean,  and  the  quadran- 
gles are  fmall.  The  imagination  of  the  architeft  feems  to  have 
been  too  much  taken  up  with  the  capricious  idea  of  a  gridiron,  to 
attend  to  the  principles  of  beauty  aiid  proportion.  I  need  only 
appeal  to  the  eyes  ol  thofe  that  have  ^i.si\  this  celebrated  ftrufture, 
for  the  truth  of  thcfe  remarks;  Troin  which  the  church  and  the 
Pantheon  are  allowed  to  be  exceptions.  The  latter  was  the  work 
of  another  architeft. 

f  In  the  "  Defcriplion  of  the  Efcurlal,"  lately  tranflated  from  the  Spani/h 
by  Mr.  Thomfon,  is  a  very  great  miftake  in  the  height,  as  will  appear  by  com- 
paring the  Several  parts  of  ihc  defcriplion  with  the  print. 

E  D- 


Class  III.      o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  155 

EDWARD  COURTNEY,  earl  of  De^ 

vonfliire;  Ani.  More  p.  T.  Chamheys  fc.  From  an 
originnl  of  Sir  Antonio  More,  at  the  duke  of  Bedford' Sy 
Gt  JVoburn. 

*'  En  i  pner  ac  infons,  etadhucjuvenilibus  annis. 

"  Annos  bis  feptem  carcere  claufns  eram: 

"  Me  pater  his  tenuit  vinc'lis  quce  filia  folvit; 

*'  Sors  mea  fie  tandem  vertitur  a  luperis." 

In  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Painting,"  4/c. 

Edward  Courtney,  the  laft  earl  of  Devon  of 
that  name,  defcended  from  the  royal  family  of 
France  *,  was,  though  acculed  of  no  crime,  con- 
fined in  prifon  ever  fince  the  attainder  of  his  fa- 
ther, in  the  reign  of  Henry  VJII.  He  was  re- 
flored  in  blooJ  in  the  firit  year  of  Mary,  to 
■whom  he  was  propofed  for  a  hufband.  The  pro- 
pofai  fcems  to  have  intirely  coincided  with  the 
queen's  inclination,  but  by  no  means  with  the 
earl  of  Devonfhire's,  who  had  a  tender  regard 
for  the  princefs  Elizabeth  -j-.  The  harili  treat- 
ment of  that  princefs  during  this  reign,  was 
fuppofed  to  be  in  a  great  meafure  owing  to 
Mary's  pride  and  jealoufy  upon  this  occafion. 
The  earl  was  faid  to  have  been  poifoned  in  Italy 
by  the  Imperiaiifts,  in  1556.     See  Ciafs  X. 

"HENRY  R  ADC  LIFE,  {Ratdiffe,) 
f'  Earl  of  Siijfex,  Vifcount  Fitzivaher^  Baron  Egre- 
"  mond  (Egremont)  and  Burnel,  Knight  of  the  Garter, 
^'-  Ch.   Jujtice  and  Ranger  of  all  the  royal  for  efts,, 

*  The  earl  of  Devondiire  was  a  collateral  branch  of  tliofe  Court- 
neys  who  were  of  the  blqod-royal  of  France.  See  Cleaveland's 
"  Genealogical  Hilt,  of  the  Family  cf  Coiirtenay."  Oxon.  1735, 
fol. 

\  In  the  Biitidi  Mufciim  is  a  manufcript  paper,  entitled,  "  A 
Relation  how  one  Cleber,  1556,  proclaimed  the  Ladie  Elizabeth 
Quene,  and  her  beloved  Bedtellow,  Lorde  Edward  Courtneye, 
Kynge."  MS.  Harl.  537,  25.  See  Mr.  Warton's  "  Life  of  Sir 
Thomas  Pope,"  p.  91, 

"  -parks. 


f^6  The    HISTORY      Mary. 

*^  parks  J  ^c.  on  this  fide  Trent,  Lord  Lieutenant  of 
*'  the  counties  of  Norfolk  and  Suffolk^  and  Captain 
'^  General  of  the  forces  to  ^een  Mary^  whom  he 
"  ref cued  from  the,  diforders  that  affected  the  beginning 
*'  of  her  reign.  Upon  the  conciufion  of  hojlilities  in 
**  France^  and  all  his  emhaffies  there,  he  was  honour- 
*'  ed  a?nong  tive  chief  of  the  nobility,  and  in  all  nego- 
'^  tiadonSj  both  of  peace  and  war,  was  efleemed  o?ie 
"  of  the  fir  ft  anihafadors.  He  died  the  fifth  of  July, 
**  '^S5^->  ^Z^^^  woi  firfl  interred  ct  London* ,  but 
**  afterwards  removed  to  Boreham  Church,  in  Effex, 
*'  at  the  dying  requefi  of  his  fon  Thomas,  Earl  of  Suf- 
^^fex.  This  efigy  is  taken  from  an  exquifitdy  well- 
*'  wrought  monument  there,  of  him,  his  fon,  and  his 
^^  father. ^^  The  print,  with  this  infer iption  was  en^ 
graved  by  John  Thane-,  but  is  without  his  name. 
It  is  in  Zvo. 

The  privilege  was  granted  to  this  earl,^  which 
was  formerly  claimed  by  the  nobles  of  Callile, 
and  is  Ttill  retained  by  the  Spanilh  grandees,  of 
wearing  his  hat  in  the  royal  prefence  f . 

CLASS     IV. 
The    C    L    E    R    G    Y. 

A  C  A  R  D  I  N  A  L. 

R  E  G  I  N  A  L  D  U  S  P  O  L  U  S,  Raphael,  vel 

S.  del  Piombo  p.  h.f]j,fine    In  the  Crozat  Colletliony 

vol.  /;!;. 

Regi- 

•  In  the  churcli  of  St.  Laurence  Poultney. 

f  This  privilege  hatli  been  granted  to  lord  Kingfale,  and  to  fe- 
veral  other  perlons,  on  various  accounts.  See  "  Cat.  of  the  Hai'- 
leian  MS3."  ii6i,  lo.  1856,  2.  6986,  5. 

X  There  is  a  copy  of  this  fine  print  hy  Major,  prefixed  to  a  well 
written  Lile  of  tlie  Cardinal,  by  Thonias  Philips,  .1  prieft  of 
the  church  of  Rome.  In  part  ii.  of  this  boo!:,  p.  24.8,  is  the  fol- 
lowing paifrfge.     "  It  has  been  objefted  to  the  effigy  of  Cardinal 

•'  Pole, 


Class  IV.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  157 

Reginaldus  Polus  ;  Svo.    In  the  "  Heroologia^* 

Reginaldus  Polus  Cardinalis  •,  fmall-,  in  Im- 
penalises  "  Mufeum  Hijloricum"  Venet.  1640  ;  4/^. 

Reginaldus  Polus  ;  Lamejfmfc.  ^io. 

Reginaldus  Polus,  Cardinalis;  fmtus  An, 
1500,  Mail  II.  Card.  St,  Mari^  in  Cofmedin,  1536, 
Mali  22.  Confecr,  archiepifc.  Cantuarenfts  1554, 
Mar,  22.  Ob.  1588,  Nov.  i'],  R.  White  fc,  h,Jh. 
Copied  from  Imperialis's  "  Mufeum  J* 

Polus  j   Vander  IVerffp.  P.  a  Gunfi.fc.  h.fh, 

Reginald  Pole  was  a  younger  fon  of  SirRichai-d 
Pole,  by  Margaret,  countefs  of  Sali{bury,daughter 
of  George  duke  of  Clarence,  brother  to  Edward 
IV.  He  was  much  efleemed  for  the  integrity 
of  his  life,  the  elegance  of  his  learning,  and  the 
politenefs  of  his  manners.   During  his  refidence 

*<  Pole,  which  is  prefixed  to  the  firft  pv^rt  of  this  work,  and  re- 
"  prefents  him  as  advanced  in  years,  that  it  is  attributed  to  Ra- 
*'  phael,  who  died  in  the  year  1540,  when  tiie  Cardinal  was  only 
**  in  the  20th  year  of  his  age.  But  the  objedtors  did  not  refleit, 
•'  that  hefides  Raphael  of  Urbino,  who  died  in  the  year  they 
"  mention,  there  were  feveral  other  great  rnafcers  of  that  name. 
*'  To  go  no  farther  than  Raphael  del  Coile  Bcrghefejwho  flourifhed 
*'  chiefly  whillt  Cardinal  Pole  wiis  in  Italy;  and  the  primeof whole 
"  life  coincides  with  the  decline  of  the  cardinal's*,  lit  was  one  of 
**  the  mod  celebr.ated  artiils  under  Giulio  Romano."  Dr.  Ducarel 
infoims  me,  that  the  portrait  of  the  cardinal  at  Lambeth  rearly 
refembles  the  liead  in  the  *'  Heroologia  +.'  The  print  in  Thevet, 
which  reprefents  him  in  a  hat,  is  certainly  fictitious. 

*  The  fine  original  was  in  the  colleftion  of  Monf.  Croz.at,  and  yr^^  fold  lart: 
year  II  with  the  rctl  of  that  collca:inn,  to  the  emprcfs  of  RulTn,  Monf.  Manette 
and  the  beft  judges  afcribed  the  portrait  of  cardinal  Pole  to  Seaaftian  del 
Piombo. 

t  The  following  note  is  from  the  fame  learned  and  communicative  gentle- 
m.\n.  The  long  Gallery  at  Lamheth  palace,  and  feveral  or  the  adjoining  apart- 
ments vvere  built  by  Cardinal  Pole.  In  this  gallery,  and  the  g'pai  dining-room 
nexc  to  it,  is  a  pidluu;  ofevery  archbiftop  of  Canterbury  from  Warham  to  th.-: 
preftrnt.  The  fine  portrait  of  Warham,  paintej  by  Hohein,  was  by  him  pre- 
lentcd  to  that  prelate,  together  with  the  portrait  of  Ei 'fmus;  and  thf.fe  two 
piaures  paiTed  by  will  of  Wnrham  and  his  fuccenbrf,  till  liiey  came  to  archbifn  >p 
Laud  ;  atter  whofe  death  they  were  miflin?,  till  the  time  of  Ssncrcft,  wh'i 
had  the  good  fortune  to  recover  that  of  Warham.  It  is  uncertain  what  «9 
become  of  the  other. 

II  177Z. 

in 


158  T  H  E    H  I  S  T  O  R  Y       Mary. 

in  Italy,  he  lived  in  the  ftricSlefl:  intimacy  with 
Sadolec,  Bembo,  and  other  celebrated  perfons 
of  that  country  ;  and  upon  rhe  demife  of  Paul 
III.  was  elected  pope  *.  He  came  into  Eng- 
land in  the  beginning  of  the  reign  of  Mary,  and 
1556.  fucceeded  Cranmer  in  the  archbifhopric  of  Can- 

terbury. He  was  not  without  a  tinflure  of  bi- 
gotry, but  generally  difapproved  of  the  cruel- 
ties exercifed  in  this  reign. 

ARCHBISHOPS  and  BISHOPS. 

THOMAS  CRANMERUS,  archiepifc. 

Cant  Holbein  p.  nalus  1489.  July  2,  conjecrat,  15339 
Mar.  30.  Martyrio  coronatus  1556.  Mar.  21  \  h.  (hi 
FrontifpJece  to  Strype's  "  Memorials,'^ 

This  head  was  prohably  copied  from  that  in  Thoro- 
ion^s  '*  I^ottinghamfhire,  which  was  done  after  Hol- 
bein, as  I  believe,  by  Loggan.  Vertue  mentions  fuch 
'  a  print  by  that  engraver  in  a  MS,  in  my  poffejjion.    A 

portrait,  with  the  name  of  Abp.  Parker,  which  is 
€xa£fly  Jimilar  to  this,  was  engraved  by  Vertue,  whofe 
widozv  I  old  vie  that  it  was  owing  to  a  miftake  -f-. 

Another  by  White,  engraved  with  f cur  others ;  fmatl 
Jheet. 

Thomas  Cranmerus,  &c.  j.  Faber  f.  largi 
/^to.  mezz, 

Thomas  Cranmerus,  &c.  R.  Houflon  f.  largt 
i^to.  mezx.    In  Rolt's  "  Lives.'* 

Thomas  Cranmerus;  H,  Hondius  fc,  1599, 
^to. 

•  He  was  cbofen  pope  at  muinight  bjr  the  conclave,  and  fent 
for  to  come  and  be  adfiiitted.  He  defircd  that  his  admiffion 
might  be  deferred  till  the  morning,  as  it  was  not  a  work  of  dark- 
neft.  Upon  this  mefiage,  the  cardinals  without  any  further  ce- 
remony, procee(^ed  to  another  eleftion,  and  chofe  the  cardinal 
de  Monte,  who,  before  he  left  the  conclave,  bellowed  a  hat  upoii 
a  fervant  who  looked  after  his  monkey. 

+  It  is  obfervable  that  the  prints  heie  mentioned  reprefenthim 
without  a  beard  j  but  he  is  exhibited  with  a  long  one  in  the 
'»  Heroologia." 

After 


Class  IV.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  159 

After  Cranmer  had  been,  with  the  utmoft 
difficulty,  prevailed  upon  to  fign  a  recantation 
againft:  his  confcience,  he  was  ordered  to  be 
burnt  by  the  perfidious  queen,  who  could  never 
forgive  the  part  which  he  aded  in  her  mother's 
divorce.  He  had  a  confiderable  hand  in  com- 
pofing  the  homilies  of  our  church.  Almofl:  all 
the  reft  of  his  writings  are  on  fubjedls  of  con- 
trove  rfy. 

NICHOLAS  RIDLEY,  bifliop  of  Lon- 
don, fmall ',  Marfloall  fc.    In  Fuller's  "  Holy  State."** 

NicoLAUs  RiDLEius,  epifcopus  Londinenfis ; 
R.  White  [c.  natus  in  Ncrthumbr.  confecr.  epifcopus 
Roffenfts  1547,  Sept.  $.  fit  epifcopus  Londinenfts  1550, 
yip.  Martyrimnpajfus  1S55-  Otl.  16;  h,  fto. 

Nicholas  Ridley,  Szc.  R.  IVhite  fc.  efjgraved 
in  a  fheet  with  Cranmer^  and  the  three  other  bifhops 
who  fuffered  martyrdom, 

NicHOLAu-,  RiDLEius,  &c.  R.  Houflon  f.  large 
/^to.  mezz.    In  Roll's  "  Lives." 

NicoLAUs  Ridley,  &c.  Holbein  p.  Miller  f. 
Before  his  Life^  by  Glocefler  Ridley,  LL.  B'-^.  1763, 
4.to. 

Nicholas  Ridley,  bifhop  of  London,  preach- 
ed a  Jermon  to  convince  the  people  of  iady  Jans 
Grey's  title  to  the  crown.  This  afFront  funk 
deep  into  the  queen's  mind,  and  he  foon  felc 
the  fatal  effcds  of  her  refentment.  In  his  dif- 
putes  with  the  Roman  catholic  divines  *,  he 
forced  them  to  acknowledge,  that  Chrift  in  his 
lafi  lupper  held  himfeif  in  his  hand,  and  after- 
wards eat  himfeif. 

*  Afterwards  D.  D.  and  prebendary  of  Salifliury.  He  was  collate- 
rally related  to  bilhop  Ridley,  and  has  done  that  pious  prelate  and 
liimfelf  great  honour  by  this  work.  It  is  worrhy  of  remaik,  that 
Dr.  Ridley  derived  his  chriftian   name  from   his  being  born  on.  ' 

board  tlie  Glocefter  Indiaman,  as  his  mother  was  returning  from 
the  Eaft  Indies. 

f  On  the  fubjedt  of  the  real  prefence. 

EDMUND 


i6o  The    HISTORY  Mar\-. 

EDMUND  BONNER,  bifliop  of  Lon- 
don whipping  Thomas  Hinjhawe -^  a  wooden  prints 
in  the  firjl  edition  of  Fox's  "  Ads  and  Monuments^'* 
p.  2043, 

Sir  John  Harrington  tells  us,  that  "  when 
"  Bonner  was  fhewn  this  print  in  the  book  of 
*'  Martyrs  on  piirpore  co  vex  him,  he  laughed 
"  at  it,  faying,  *"  A  vengeance  on  the  fool,  how 
"  could  he  get  my  picture  drawn  fo  right*  ?'* 
There  is  another  print  of  him  in  that  book 
burnins;  a  man's  hands  with  a  candle. 

This  man,  whom  nature  feems  to  have  de- 
figned  for  an  executioner,  was  an  ecclefiaftical 
judge,  in  the  reign  of  Mary.  He  is  reported 
to  have  condemned  no  lefs  than  two  hundred 
innocent  perfons  to  the  flames ;  and  to  have 
caufed  great  numbers  to  fufFer  imprilonment, 
racks,  and  tortures.  He  was  remarkably  fat 
and  corpulent  •,  which  made  one  fay  to  him,  that 
he  was  "  full  of  guts,  but  empty  of  bowels." 
Confec.  4  Ap.  1540,  deprived,  17  Sept.  1549, 
reftored,  22  Aug.  1553  '  ^g-i"  deprived,  29 
June,  1559 1'  ^^^  <^'^<i  in  t'"^6  Marilialfea,  the 
5th  of  Sept.  1569. 

STEP  H  ANUS   GARDINER  US, 

epifc.  Winton.    Holbein  p.  R.  fFhitefc.  h.Jh, 

•  Harlngton's  "  Brief  View  of  the  Church  of  England,"  1653, 
i2mo. 

f  "  Biographia."" 

J  The  print  ot  Gardiner,  which  was  engraved  for  Burnet's."  Hif- 
*'  tory  of  the  Reformation,"  has  been  taken  from  Bilhop  Horn's, 
from  the  circumftance  of  the  arms:  but  Mr.  Thomas  Baker  ob- 
ferves  that  bifliop  Horn's  arms  were  without  a  chevron  :  and  the 
portrait  of  Gardiner  feems  to  aniwer  to  the  dei'cription  of  his  n^rfon 
quoted  by  that  learned  y;ent!eman  from  Poinetj  in  the  Appendix 
of  Papers,  at  the  end  of  Biunet's  Hiftnry,  vol.  iii.  p.  411.  But 
fee  an  aggravated  defcription  of  Horn's  perfon  in  Pit's"  De  lilult. 
Anglic  Scriptoribus."  p.  797. 

Stephen 


'Class  IV.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  i6i 

Stepfien  Gardiner,  Jord  -  chancellor,  and  J^^°"- ^5:?'^ 
prime  minifter  in  this  reign,  was  diftinguifli- reS'.icsr* 
^d  for  his  extenfive  learning,  infinuating  ad- 
drefs,  and  profound  policy ;  the  mafier-piece 
of  which  was  the  treaty  of  marriage  betwixt 
Philip  and  Mary,  which  was  an  effeclual  bar  to 
the  ambitious  defigns  of  Philip  *.  His  reli- 
gious principles  appear  to  have  been  more  flex- 
ible than  his  political,  which  were  invariably- 
fixed  to  his  own  intereft.  He  was  a  perfecutor 
of  thofe  tenets  to  which  he  had  fubfcribed,  and 
in  defence  of  which  he  had  written.  He  was 
author  of  a  treatife  "  De  Vera  Obedientia,"  and 
had  a  great  hand  in  the  famous  book  intitled 
"  The  Erudition  of  a  Chriftian  Man."  He  alfo 
wrote  an  "  Apology  for  Hcly  Water,"  &c.  01?. 

HUGO  LATYMERUS.  Inihe  " Hero-^ 
clogid ;   Svo. 

Hugh  Latymer;  24?^. 

PluGH  Latimer;  I;!j7jop  of  tVorceftcr;  R.  White 
fc.     One  of  the  five  bijhops  engraved  in  one  plate  \  fiot 

Hugo  Latimerus,  &c.   Vertue  fc.  h.fh. 

Hugh  Latimer,  &c.  J.  Savage  fc.  A  faff  in 
his  right  handy  a  pair  of  fpe5iacles  hanging  at-  his 
bread,  and  a  Bible  at  his  girdle ;  h.JI},,  From  Strype'*s 
*•  Memorials  of  Cranmer" 

*  There  is  no  queftion  but  Philip  intended,  if  pofKble,  to  makd 
himfelf  mafter  of  the  kingdom,  by  marrying  Mary.  Wiien  the 
queen  was  fuppofed  to  be  tar  advanced  in  her  pregnancy,  Fiiiiip 
applied  to  the  parliament  to  be  conftituted  regent,  during  the 
minority  of  the  child,  and  offered  to  give  ample  fecurity  to  fur- 
render  the  regency,  when  he,  or  ihe,  Ihould  be  of  age  to  govern. 
The  motion  was  warmly  debated  in  the  houfe  of  peers,  and  he 
was  like  to  carry  his  point,  when  the  lord  Paget  flood  up,  and 
{"aid,  "  Pray  who  (hall  fue  the  king's  bond  ?"  This  laconic  ipeech 
had  its  intended  effeft,  and  the  debate  was  foon  concluded  in  the 
negative  f . 

•\  See  Howell's  Letters, 

You  h  M  Thl« 


162  The    HISTORY        Mary, 

This  venerable  prelate,  worn  out  wkh  labour, 
old  age,  imprironment,  walked  thus  equipped 
to  his  trial,  and  probably  to  the  placeof  execution. 
When  he  was  chained  to  the  itake,  two  bags  of 
gunpowder  were  faftened  under  his  arms,  the 
explofion  of  which  prefentiy  put  an  end  to  his 
life.  While  he  was  burning,  a  large  quantity 
of  blood  gullied  from  his  heart,  as  if  all  the 
blood  in  his  body  had  been  drawn  to  that  part  *. 
He  was  burnt  i6  Ocl.  1555. — He  had  a  prin- 
cipal hand  in  compofing  the  Homilies,  in  which 
he  was  affifted  by  Cranmer,  with  whom  he  ufu- 
aliy  refided  at  Lambeth,  during  the  reign  of 
Edward  VI.    See  the  two  preceding  reigns. 

ROBERT  FARRAR,  biHiopofSt.  Da- 

vid*s,  fuffered  at  Caermarthen  Feb.  22.  1555.     R, 
White  fc,  one  of  the  five  martyred  biJJoops ;  Jh. 
4  Bifhop  Farars;   (Fakrar)  8ri?. 

This  prelate,  after  much  inhuman  treatment, 
was  burnt  in  his  own  diocefe.  His  charafter  is 
reprefented  in  different,  and  even  contrary  lights. 
Bilhop  Godwin  fpeaks  of  him  as  a  man  of  a  li- 
tigious and  turbulent  behaviour -j-;  Strype,  as  a 
pious  reformer  of  abules  |. 

JOHN  HOOPER,  bifhop  of  Gloucefter, 
fujfured  at  Gioucefiir,  Feb.  q,    1555.     R.White  fc, 

cue  of  ike  five  bifJjops  engrai'cd  in  one  plate  \  JJ3. 

John    Hooper,  bifliop  of  Glocefter,  was  a 

man  of  great  ilridnel's  of  life,  and  an  eloquent 

1550.*^'  preacher.     When  he  was  nominated  to  his  bi- 

Ihopric,  he  obllinaicly  refufed  to  wear  the  rochet 

and  chimere  §,  which  he  looked  upon  as  pro- 

» 

•  Tinner's  «'  llift.  of  remarkable  Providences." 
t  Life  of  Q_.  Mary,  p.  34.5,  35c. 
X  Mem.  of  Cranmer,  p.  1S4.. 
§  buinetiints  wiilten  Cyiiutiie. 

faned 


Class  IV.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D,  163 

faned  by  fuperftition  and  idolatry.     The  arch- 
bifhop   would   by  no  means  difpenfe   with  his 
wearing  the  epilcopal  habits :  Hooper  was  de- 
termined not  to  wear  thefe  odious  veflments; 
and  was  ordered  to  prifon  till  he  fhould  think 
proper  to  fubmit.    After  much  altercaiion, 'Pe- 
ter Martyr,  and  other  foreign  divines,  were  con- 
fulted,  and  the  matter  was  brought  to  a  com- 
promife :  he  was  to  be  confecrated  in  the  robes, 
and  to  wear  them  only  in  his  cathedral.     This  confec. 
is  the  asra  of  the  multiplied  controverfies  in  re-  ^^'^^'_'■• 
lation  to  caps,  gowns,  and  other  clerical  habits. 
When  he  was  chained  at  the  flake,  a  pardon, 
on  condition  of  his  recantation,  was  placed  on  a 
ftool  before  him.    Both  his  legs  were  confumed 
before  the  flame  touched  his  vitals.     He  bore 
his  torments  with  invincible  patience. 

DIGNITARIES  of  the  CHURCH,  Sec. 

BERNARD  GILPIN;  oval-,  over  the 
cval^  *'  Let  your  light  fo  Jhim  before  men  ;"  etched  hy 
the  Rev.  Mr,  W'".  Gilpin^  late  of  ^eeris  College^ 
Oxon.  who  is  defcended  from  the  family  of  Bernard, 
Frontifpiece  to  a  well  written  account  of  his  Life^  hy 
the  fame  hand  that  etched  the  print  *. 

Bernard  Gilpin,  archdeacon  of  Durham,  and  Promoted 
re<5lor  of  Houghton  in  the  Spring,  was  com-  ^^^  * 
monly  ftyled  ''  The  Northern  Apoftle:"  and  he 
was  indeed  like  a  primitive  apoftle  in  every  thing 
but  fujffering  martyrdom,  which  he  was  pre- 
pared to  do  ;  but  the  queen  died  whilft  he  was 
upon  the  road  to  London,  under  a  guard  of  her 

*  This  gentleman  is  now  a  fchoolmafler  at  Clieam  in  Surrey. 
He  did  feveral  other  etchings  in  the  fame  book.  He  after- 
wards published  the  "  Life  of  Latimer,"  and  another  volume 
of  the  Lives  of  eminent  Reformers.  The  anonymous  "  Effay  oa 
Pfinti''  was  written  by  the  fame  hand. 

M  2  melTengers^ 


164  The    history         Mary. 

meirengcrs.     He  refufed  the  bifhopric  of  Car- 
lifle,  which  was  offered  him  by  queen  Elizabeth, 
J5«^'  and   about   the  lanie  time  refigned  his  archdea- 

conry. He  died  lamented  by  the  learned,  the 
charitable,  and  the  pious,  the  4th  of  March,- 
1583. 

THOMAS  BE  CON  US,  Mt.  ^^,  1555 -, 
a  wooden  frint ;  12?;^^.  See  the  reign  of  Elizabeth. 

JOANNES  BRADEFORDUS,  Mar. 

///  the  "  Heroologia  •,"    Zvo, 

John  Bradford,  who  defcended  from  a  gen- 
teel family  at  Manchefter,  was  fome  time  a 
clerk,  or  deputy,  under  Sir  John  Harington, 
who  was,  by  Henry  VIII.  and  Edward  VI.  ap- 
pointed treafarer  and  paymafter  of  the  forces  at 
Eoloign,  and  of  the  workmen  employed  in  the 
fortifications  of  that  place.  Whilft  he  was  :n 
this  poft,  he  yielded  to  a  temptation,  which  of- 
fered itfelf,  of  under  or  over-charging  fome  ar- 
ticle in  his  accounts,  by  which  the  king  was  a 
confiderable  lofer.  Some  time  after,  he  was  fo 
deeply  aftedlcd  wi'h  a  fermon  of  Latfmer  upon 
Reftiiution,  that  he  refolvcd  to  reftore  the  whole 
fum  of  which  he  had  defrauded  the  king;  and 
he  flridlly  adhered  to  this  refolution.  When 
his  mind  h<A  in  fome  meafure  recovered  ics 
tranquility,  he  feduloufly  applied  himfelf  to  the 
fludy  of  divinity,  took  the  degree  of  mailer  of 
arts  at  Cambridge,  and  became  one  of  the  moft 
eminent  preachers  of  his  time.  His  piety  was 
in  the  highcfl:  degree  cxamplary,  his  labours  in- 
cePiant,  his  zeal  was  tempered  with  meeknefs, 
his  charity  was,  on  every  occafion,  extended 
even  to  his  enemies  j  his  whole  life  after  his 
converfion,  and  efpecially  his  calm  refignation 
to  the  flames,  is  a  ftriking  inftance  of  the  force 

o£ 


Class  IV.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  i5j 

of  the  religious  principle.  He  was  burnt  in 
SmirhficJd,  the  firft  of  July,  1555.  The  long 
in-jprifonment  and  cruel  ufage  of  this  meek  and 
pious  martyr  is  alone  fufficient  to  blacken  the 
reign  of  Mary.  He  is  placed  here  as  preben- 
dary of  St.  Paul's. 

JOHANxMES    RO  GSR  SI  US.    In  ths 

f*  Herookgia ;  ^vo. 

John  Rogers,  who  was  the  firll  martyr  in 
this  reign,  was  indefatigable  in  his  minifterial 
labours,  and  of  a  moft  exemplary  charafter  in 
every  relation  of  life.  He  had  Itrong  attach- 
ments to  the  world,  having  an  amiable  wife, 
and  ten  children.  Though  he  knew  that  his 
death  approached,  he  itiil  maintained  his  ufual 
ferenity;  and  was  waked  out  of  a  found  fleep, 
when  the  officers  came  to  carry  him  to  the 
flake  ^.  In  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  he  trans- 
lated the  whole  Bible,  which  he  publifhed  under 
the  fiilitious  name  of  Thomas  Matthew  f.  Ob. 
4  Feb.  1555-6. 

LAURENTIUS  SANDERUS,  Mart. 
In  the  "  Heroologia  j"  %vo. 

Laurence  Sanders  was  one  of  the  exiles  for 
religion,  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  Up- 
on the  acceflion  of  Edward,  he  returned  to 
England,  and  was  preferred  to  the  redlory  of 
Alhallows,  Bread-ftreet,  in  L.ondon  J,  and  foon 
after  conftituted  public  profeiTor  of  divinity  of 
St.  Paul's.  In  the  next  reign,  his  zeal  prompt- 
ed him  to  preach  contrary  to  the  queen's  pro- 
hibition.    When  he  came  to  the  place  of  exe- 

»  Indifferent  in  his  choice  to  lleep  or  die,      Addison's  Cato. 
f  Fuller's  "Worthies;"  in  Lane.  p.  \o%. 

X  He  is  f'aid  by  miftake  to  have  been  vicar  of  St.  Sephulchre'si 
See  Newcourt,  I.  246. 

M  3  cution. 


i66  The   HISTORY        Marv; 

ciition,  he  ran  chearfuliy  to  the  flake,  and  kifTed 
it,  exclaiming,  ''  Welcome  the  crofs  of  Chrift, 
*'  welcome  everlafting  life  !"  Oh,  ^555'^' 

It  is  remarkable,  that  almoft  all  the  martyrs 
in  this  reign  died  for  denying  the  doiflrine  of 
real  prefence,  which  was  made  the  teft  of  what 
was  called  herefy. 

JOHANNES   CNQXUS,   (Knoxus), 
Scotus ;  R.Cooper  fc.  h.JJj. 

John  Knox,  one  of  the  exiles  for  religion  in 
Sw^itzerland,  publiflied  his  **  Firft  Blaft  of  the 
*'  Trumpet  againfl  the  Government  of  Wo- 
"  men,"  in  this  reign  *.  It  was  lucky  for  him 
that  he  was  out  of  the  queen's  reach  when  he 
founded  the  trumpet.  In  the  next  reign,  he 
had  the  courage  to  rend  the  ears  of  the  queen 
of  Scots  with  feveral  blafts  from  the  pulpit^ 
See  the  reign  of  Elizabeth, 

CLASS    V. 

COMMONERS  in  great  ExMployments, 

THOMAS  POPE,  miles.  Coll.  Trinitatis 
Fund''.  1555.  J'  Faber  f.  One  of  the  Set  of  Founders^ 
^his  has  been  copied.  At  his  hreafi  is  a  whijik, 
refembling  a  mermaid^  appendent  to  a  chain  f.  The 
only  original  portrait  of  him,  which  was  painted  by 
Holbein,  is  at  Lord  Guildford^ s,  at  Wroxton. 

Sir  Thomas  Pope,  a  man  of  eminent  talents 
for  bufinefs,  and  of  unwearied  perfeverance  and 
unblemilljed  integrity  in  the  conduct  of  it,  had 

*  This  pamphlet  was  levelled  at  the  queens  of  England  and 
Scotland. 

t  Vv'hiftles,  in  various  forms,  werc  anciently  worn  by  perfons 
©f  diftiniVion  as  ornaments, 

at 


Class  VI.-     o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  i6y 

at  an  early  period  of  life,  feveral  honourable  and 
lucrative  employments  conferred  upon  him  by 
Henry  VIII.  He,  as  creafurerof  the  court  of  aug- 
mentations of  the  king's  revenues,  was  ranked 
with  the  great  officers  of  the  crown.  Though  he 
owed  his  fortune  to  the  dilTolution  of  monafteries, 
in  confequence  of  which  feveral  grants  v/ere  made 
^  him  by  the  king,   and  fome  advantageous  pur- 
chafes  by  himlelf,  he,  however,  kept  clear  of 
fraud  and  rapine  when  they  paved  the  way  to 
rank  and  fortune.     He  did  not,  at  an  age  of 
debility  and  dotage  bequeath,  but  in  the  full  vi- 
gour of  his  underllanding,  and  in  the  prime  of 
life,  gave  a  great  pare  of  his  ample  fortune  for 
the  foundation  of  a  college,  dedicated  to  the 
Holy  Trinity,  a  fociety  which  hath  long  refleft- 
ed  honour  upon  its  founder.     He  was  almoft 
the  only  great  man  among  his  contemporaries 
who   maintained   an   inflexibility   of  character 
amidft  the   changes   and   compliances    of  the 
times.    He  is  placed  here  as  privy  counfeilor  to 
queen   Mary,  an  office  which  he  bore  in  the 
reign  of  Henry  VIII.     Ob.  29  Jan.   1559,  ^/. 
50.     It  was  by  his  intereft  that  the  magnificent 
and  venerable  Saxon  church,  at  St.  Alban's,  was 
preferved  amidft  the  general  diflblution  of  ab- 
beys.    See  a  well-written   account  of  his  Life 
by   the   learned   and   ingenious   Mr.   Thomas 
"War  ton. 

C  L  A  S  S     VI. 

MEN  of  the  ROBE. 

STEPHEN  GARDINER,    blfhop  of 
Winchefter,  lord-chancellor.    See  Clafs  IV. 

M  4  CLASS 


i63  The    HISTORY        Majly. 

CLASS    VII. 

MEN  of  the  SWORD. 

WI  LLIAM  HERBERT,  earl  of  Pern-- 
broke,  gentrai  of  the  queen's  forces,  and  gover- 
nor of  Calais- — This  place  was  fiirprifed  and  takea 
by  the  French,  after  it  had  been  200  years  in  tlie 
poiTeffion  of  the  Englifh.  The  lofs  of  it  is  known 
10  have  haflened  the  queen's  ckath.  See  the  pre^ 
ceding  reign,  Chfs  II. 

CLASS    VIIL 
KNIGHTS,  GENTLEMEN,   &c; 

THOMAS  WHITE,  miles,  Pr^ior  Civit, 
J^ondon  Fundr.  Coll.  D.  Joharjj'is  Bapi.  i^  Aula 
Glgcep '■■•-.  0y.on.  A.B.  15 si-  J-P^^^rf.  large  ^tc. 
mezz.  From  a  painting  in  the  prefident's  lodgings^  at 
St.  "John's  College. 

1  have  been  credibly  informed^  that  a  Jijler  of  Sir 
Thoraas,  who  very  nearly  rejembkd  himy  fat  for  thQ 
face  of  thii  portrait, 

Beiide  the  above  benefaclions.  Sir  Thomas 
White  left  a  fund  for  100  /.  per  annum,  to  be 
,lent  every  year  to  four  young  tradefmen,  fOr 
ten  years.  This  loan  was,  according  to  his  will, 
to  be  lent  to  the  inhabitants  of  twenty-four 
towns,  who  were  to  receive  it  by  rotation. 

*  Now  Worcefter  College. 


CLASS 


Class  IX.       o  f    £  N  G  L  A  N  D.  i6^ 

CLASS    IX. 

MEN  of  GENIUSandLEAlRNING. 
PHYSICIANS. 

JOANNES  C  A  I  U  S,   Medicus.     In  the 

"  Heroo'.Ggia  j"   ^vo. 

Johannes  Caius,  med.  Gonnevil  et  Caii  Coll. 
Fiindr.  alter,  Ano  1557 ;  Faher  f.  large  ^to.  mezz. 

I'herc  is  a  fmall  oval  of  him  cut  in  wood,  zvhich  is 
wicojnmon.  ^lare^  if  this  is  prefixed  to  his  book, 
*'  Pe  medendi  Methodo,"  Lev,  1556,  8w. 

The  old  portrait  of  him  on  board,  at  the  col- 
legCj  is  an  undoubted  original. 

Dr.  Caius  or  Key  ^,  phyfician  to  Edward 
VI.  queen  Mary,  and  qu^en  Elizabeth,  was 
one  of  the  molt  extraordinary  perf  ns  of  his 
age,  for  parts  and  learning.  He  was  Greek 
ledurer  at  Padua,  and  reader  of  ph\  ii:  in  tha£ 
univerfity.  His  medical  works  do  honour  to 
his  genius,  and  his  fkill  in  his  profelTion  ;  not 
to  mention  his  philofophical  and  hiftorical  pieces, 
and  his  book  of  "  Britifh  Dogs,"  in  Latin.  His 
*'  Hiftory  of  Cambridge,"  gave  occafion  to  a 
controvcrfy  betwixt  the  two  univerfities,  in  re- 
lation to  iheir  aatiquity,  as  Dr.  Key  has  aflert- 
ed  in  that  work,  that  the  univerfity  of  Cam- 
bridge was  founded  by  Cantaber,  three  hundred 
and  ninety-four  years  before  Chrift.  His  epi- 
taph is  as  follows : 

Fui  Caius. 
Vivit  poft  Funera  Virtus. 
Ob.  29  Juiii,  Ann  Dn^  157^,  ^tatis  fux  63.' 

•  "  His  true  name  was  Key,"  fays  Mr,  Baker.  See  Hearne's 
Appendix  to  his  Preface  to  "  Tho.  Caii  Vindicia:  Antiq.  Acad. 
*'  Oxon,  contra  Joan,  CaiuiuCant?.bn£ienI."p,  56. 

POETS. 


170  The    HISTORY         Mary. 

POETS. 

GEORGE  BUCHANAN.    See  the  next 

reign. 

JOHNHEYWOOD;  fever  al  wooden  prints 

tj  him,  in   his  Parable  of  the  Spider  a?id  Flie^\ 

London,  1556  J  4/1?. 

John  Heywood  was  an  admired  wit  in  his 
time,  and  in  much  favour  with  queen  Mary. 
He  wrote  feverai  plays,  a  book  of  epigrams,  &c. 
Dod,  in  his  "  Church  Hiftory  *,"  fays,  that  he 
is  reputed  the  parent  of  our  Englifli  epigram- 
matifts,  and  an  improver  of  the  rtage  ;  and  that 
his  pleafantry  and  repartees  were  admired  by 
Sir  Thomas  More.  Oh.  ctrc.  1565.  I  have  fome- 

•  where  feen  John  Heywood  mentioned  as  jeft- 
er  to  Henry  VIII.  I  take  this  to  be  the  famq 
perlbn. 

CLASS    X. 
ARTISTS. 

ANTONIUS  MORUS,  Ultrajeaenfis 
Pictor.   H.H.f,fmallh.Jh. 

Antonio  Moor,  o  Moro:  Campiglia  del  Gre^ 
gorifc.   In  Mufeo  Florentino. 

Sir  Antonio  More;  T.  Chamhars  fc  In  tb^^ 
*_'  Anecdotes  of  Painting  j"  4/^. 

Sir  Anthony  More,  hiftory  and  portrait  pain- 
ter to  Philip  II.  was  in  England  during  the 
reign  of  Mary.  Several  of  his  pi(5lures  were  in 
the  colledion  of  Charles  I.  and  at  Sir  Philip 
Sydenham's,  at  Brympton  in  Somerfetfhire. 
He  had  one  hundred  ducats  for  his  common 
portraits.  Ob.  1575,  ^t.  56.  See  "  Anec- 
dotes of  Painting." 

•  Vol.  i.  p.  369)  370.  ^  ^ 

JOAS 


Class  XI.      of  ENGLAND. 

JOAS  VAN  CLEEVE  :  Vivebat  JnliusrpU  iu 
P  atria,  15^44. 

JoAS  Van  Cleevej  infer ibed  "  "  Juflo  Clivenfi 
Antverpiano  Ptolori^'* 

JoAS  Van  Cleeve  -,  Muller  fc.  In  the  "  Anec- 
dotes of  Painting  i"  ^to* 

His  head  is  alfo  among  the  painters  engraved 
by  H.  Hondius. 

Van  Cleeve  was  a  painter  of  merit,  who  came 
into  England,  fanguine  in  his  expectation  of 
meeting  with  encouragement  from  Philip  :  but 
as  he  and  his  works  were  flighted^,  the  difap- 
pointment  turned  his  brain. 

Edward  Courtney,  earl  of  Devonfliire,  exer- 
ciled  the  pencil  for  his  amufement,  in  this  reign. 
Sec  Clafs  III. 

CLASS    XL 
LADIES,     &c. 

JANE  GRAY;  MarJiMll  fc.  In  Fuller's 
««  Holy  State  -,"  fmall. 

Jana  Grata  -,   R.  White  fc.  h.  JIj. 

Jeanne  Gpv AY;  VanderJVerffp,  Vermculenfc.h.Jh, 

The  Lady  Jane  Grey  ;  a  miniature,  hicng 
againfl  the  pyramid  of  a  large  monument,  the  invenlion 
of  the  engraver.  From  an  original  in  the  poffeffion  of 
Algernon^  late  duke  of  Somerfet ;  G.  Vertue  fc.  large 
p. — There  is,  or  was,  a  portrait  of  her  at  P&nf- 
hurft,  in  Kent. 

Jana  Gray  A,  Efme  de  Bolonois  f.  oval,  neat. 

In  the  beginning  of  this  reign,  the  excellent, 
the  amiable  lady  Jane,  who  never  had  an  am- 
bitious thought    herfelf,  was  facrificed  to  the 

*  A  man  of  genius  mufl  have  a  name,  which  is  iifiially  ac- 
qniretl  by  patronage,  hefoie  his  works  will  gain  the  attention  of 
the  generality  of  thofe  who  fet  up  for  judges  in  arts  or  learning. 

ambition 


% 

171 


The    his  TORY        xMarv; 

ambition  of  her  relations.  The  fimple  inci- 
dents of  her  ftory,  without  *'  the  tender  ftrokes 
"  of  art,"  would  compofe  one  of  the  moll  pa- 
thetic tragedies  in  the  Englifli  language.  Fox 
tells  us,  that  the  tears  burfl;  from  his  eyes, 
while  he  was  writing  her  hiilory  in  the  "  Book 
*^  of  Martyrs  •,"  and  the  page  of  that  book 
which  contains  her  fad  and  untimely  cataf- 
trophe,  has  been  fullied  with  the  tears  of  many 
an  honeft  labourer  *.  Beheaded  on  the  fame 
day  with  her  hufband,  the  lord  Guildford  Dud- 
ley, Feb.  12,  1553-4. 


CLASS    xir. 

PERSONS  remarkable   from    one  Circuj^i 

STANCE,     &C. 


REMARKS  ON   DRESS,    &c.; 

I  have  before  obferved,  that  much  the  fame 
kind  of  drefs  which  was  worn  by  Henry  Vlil, 
in  the  former  part  of  his  reign,  is  now  worn  by 
the  yeomen  of  the  guard.  It  is  no  lefs  remark- 
able, that  the  molt  confpicuous  and  diftinguifti- 
ing  part  of  a  cardinal's  habit,  which  has  been 
baniihed  from  England  ever  fmce  the  death  of 
cardinal  Pole,  is  alfo  now  worn  by  the  lovveft 
order  of  females,  and  is  called  a  cardinal. 

I  take  the  reign  of  Mary  to  be  the  ^era  of 
ruffs    and    farthmgales  ■\,    as    they   were   firft 

•  The  "  Book  of  Martyrs,"  was  placed  in  churches,  and  other 
public  places,  to  be  read  by  the  people. 

+  The  iirli  head  defcribed  in  the  Catalogue  with  a  ruff,  is  that 
of  queen  Mary.    Clafs  I. 

broughf 


Dress.         of   ENGL  AND.  173 

brought  hither  from  Spain.  Howel  tells  ns  irl 
his  "  Letters,"  that  the  Spanilli  word  for  a  far- 
thingale literally  tranflated,  fignifies  cover-infant^ 
as  if  it  was  intended  to  conceal  pregnancy.  It  is 
perhaps  of  more  honourable  extraction,  and 
might  fignify  cover-infanta. 

A  blooming  virgin  in  this  age  fcems  to  have 
been  more  folicitous  to  hide  her  Ikin,  than  a 
flirivelled  old  woman  is  at  prefent.  The  very 
neck  was  generally  concealed  •,  the  arms  were 
covered  quite  1:0  the  wrifts ;  the  petticoats  were 
worn  long,  and  the  head-gear,  or  coifure,  clofe; 
to  which  was  fometimes  faftened  a  light  veil, 
which  fell  down  behind,  as  if  intended  occafi- 
onally  to  conceal  even  the  face. 

If  I  may  depend  on  the  authority  of  engrav- 
ed portraits,  the  beard  extended  and  expanded 
itfelf  more  during  the  fliort  reigns  of  Edward 
VI.  and  Mary,  than  from  the  Conqueft  to  that 
period.  Bilhop  Gardiner  has  a  beard  long  and 
ftreaming  like  a  comet.  The  beard  of  cardinal 
Pole  is  thick  and  bufliy  •,  but  this  might  pof- 
fibly  be  Italian.  The  patriarchal  beard,  as  I 
find  it  in  the  tapeftries  of  thofe  times,  is  both 
long  and  large  ;  but  this  feems  to  have  been  the 
invention  of  the  painters,  who  drew  the  Car- 
toons. This  venerable  appendage  to  the  face, 
was  formerly  greatly  regarded.  Though  learn- 
ed authors  have  written  for  and  againil  almoll 
every  thing,  I  never  faw  any  thing  wriitea 
againft  the  beard.  The  pamphlets  on  the  *'  Un- 
*'  lovelinefs  of  Love-locks,"  and  the  *'  Mif- 
*'  chief  of  long  Hair,"  made  much  nolle  in  the 
kingdom,  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 


APPENDIX 


,74  'Jf'HE   HISTORY        Marv, 

APPENDIX  to  the  Reign  of  M  A  R  Y. 
FOREIGNERS. 

FERDINANDUS  ALVARES,  Toleta- 
nus.  Dux  Alv£e,  &c.  In  a  round.  In  Meteranus's 
"  Hiftoria  Belgica  *." 

Ferdinando  Alvares,  of  Toledo,  duke  of 
Alva,  a  name  "  damned  to  eternal  fame,"  for 
his  cruelties  in  the  Low  Countries,  was  a  moft 
apt  and  ready  inftrument  for  a  tyrant.  He  fre- 
quently executed  with  ail  the  rage  of  a  foldier^ 
•what  his  mafter  had  pre-determined  in  cool 
blood.  Philip's  counfels  and  Alva's  condudt, 
■which  feem  to  have  perfedlly  coincided,  kin- 
dled fuch  a  war,  and  produced  fuch  a  revolt, 
as  is  fcarce  to  be  paralleled  in  the  hiftory  of 
mankind.  He  died,  according  to  Thuanus,  in 
1582,  aged  77  years. 

MARGARITA   AUS  TRl  ACA,  Du- 

cifia  Parm^j  &c.   Fan  Sichem  fc.  fmall  h,JJj. 

Margaret  of  Auftria,  duchefs  of  Parma  and 
Placentia,  and  governefs  of  the  Low  Countries 
for  king  Philip,  was,  together  with  the  duchefs 
of  Lorraine,  difpatched  into  England  in  this 
reign.  They  were  commanded  to  bring  back 
with  them,  into  Flanders,  the  princefs  Eliza- 
beth, betwixt  whom  and  the  duke  of  Savoy, 
Philip,  for  political  reafons,  had  projeded  a 
match.  The  queen,  who  had  been  frequently 
flighted  by  him,  and  was  probably  jealous  of 
the  duchefs  of  Lorraine,   with   whom  he  was 

•  Tlie  duke  of  Alva  was  in  the  train  of  Philip  when  he  came 
into  England,  as  appears  from  a  pamphlet  tranflated  from  the 
French,  intitled,  "  New  Lights  thrown  on  the  Hiftory  of  Mary, 
C^ttn  of  England/'  addreHcd  toDavid  Hume,  Efci. 

known 


Append;      of   ENGLAND.  175 

known  to  be  in  love,  would  neither  permit  her 
nor  the  duchefs  of  Farma  to  vifit  the  princefs 
at  Hatfield.  It  was  about  this  time,  that  the 
queen,  in  a  fit  of  rage,  occafioned  by  Philip's 
negleft,  tore  in  pieces  his  portrait.  See  the 
Life  of  Sir  Thomas  Pope,  p.  104,  105  *. 

HADRIANUS  JUNIUS,  Hornanus, 
medicus.  Theodore  de  Bry  fc.  In  Boijfard^s  *'  £/- 
**  hliotheca  Chdcographica  •,"  fmall  ^to, 

Almoft  all  the  heads  in  the  "  Bibliotheca,'* 
were  engraved  by  de  Bry,  for  Boiffard,  an  in- 
duftrious  colle6i:or  of  Roman,  and  other  anti- 
quities. See  an  account  of  the  latter  in  the 
preface  to  Montfaucon. 

Hadrianus  Junius  ;  Larmejfinfc.  /\.to. 

Hadrianus  Junius,  one  of  the  moft  polite  and 
univerfal  fcholars  of  his  age,  was  a  confiderable 
time  in  England,  where  he  compofed  feveral 
of  his  learned  works  j  particularly  his  "  Greek 
*'  and  Latin  Dictionary,"  to  which  he  added 
above  fix  thoufand  five  hundred  words,  and  de- 
dicated it  to  Edward  VI.  He  was  retained  as 
phyfician  to  the  duke  of  Norfolk,  and  after- 
wards, as  monfieur  Bayle  informs  us,  to  a  great 
lady.  He  wrote  various  books  of  philology, 
and  criticifm,  notes  on  ancient  authors,  a  book 
of  poems,  &c.  in  Latin.  His  "  Epithalamium 
on  Philip  and  Mary"  was  publifhed  in  1554. 
Ob.  16  June,  1575.   ^t.  64. 

*  Mr.  Warton,  at  p.  58  of  this  book,  mentions  a  fatlrical 
print  of  lier  which  I  never  faw.  It  reprefents  her  naked,  wrin- 
kled, and  haggard,  and  feveral  Spaniards  fucking  her :  beneath 
are  legends,  intimating  that  they  had  fucked  her  to  fkin  and  bone, 
and  enumerating  the  prefents  ihe  had  lavifhed  upon  Philip.  Ma- 
ry was  highly  incenfed  at  this  impudent  pafquinade. 

ELIZA- 


t^6  The   HISTORY  Eliz< 

ELIZABETH  began  her  Reign,  the 
17th  of  Nov.  1558. 

CLASS    L 

Tht.     Q^U    E   E   N. 

Queen  ELIZABETH;  Ant.  More  p.  M. 
Vandergiicktfc,  %vo.  In  Clarendon's  "  //i/?." 

Elizabeth  A  Regina,  Hilly  ard  [or  Milliard)  pi 
Sim  en  f,  h.jh.  mezz. 

Elizabeth  A,  &c.  Hilly  ard  p.  Kyte  f,  ^toi 
inezz. 

ElizaSetha,  Regina-,  Hillyard  p.  Vertue  fc, 
2vo.  This  print  and  the  other  o^avo,  engraved  after 
Ifaac  Oliver,  were  done  for  *'  Camdeni  Annales," 
by  Hearne ;  the  latter  is  in  profile. 

El  I  z  ABET,  &c.  Jfaac  Oliver,  effigiehat,  Crifpin 
Vdn  de  Pafs  inc.  whole  len,  large  h.  ft). 

Elizabetha,  &c.  /.  Oliver  p.  *  Vertue  fc.  2. 
prints  ;  h.  fh.  and  Zvo. 

Queen  Elizabeth,  who  reafoned  much  better 
upon  ftate- affairs,  than  on  works  of  arr,  was 
perfuaded  that  ihadows  were  unnatural  in  paint- 
ing, and  ordered  Ifaac  Oliver  to  paint  her  with- 
out any.  One  striking  feature  in  the  queen's 
face  was  her  high  note  f .  I  mention  this  cir- 
cumfiance,  becaufe  it  is  not  juftly  reprefented 
in  many  pidures  and  prints  of  her. 
Elizabetha,  Sec.  on  her  thrcne:  three  per fons 

ftanding  hy  her ;   a  woe  den  print ;  date  in  MS.  1 567  5 

fmall. 

Elizabeth,    &c,    holding  a  fphere :     Infcript, 

Sphcsra  Civil  at  is  j  a  wooden  print ;  from  John  Cafe's 

•  This  was  in  tlie  colleflion  of  Dr.  Mead,  &c. 
f  Naunton's  "  Fragmenta  Regalia/'  p.  4. 

«  Ratio 


Class  I.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  177 

^•^  Ratio  Reiptthlic^  adminijlrandie^'  i593>  ^^'  4^^« 

Elizabeth,  &c.  camp  at  Tilbury,  Spanijlo  Ar- 
mada \  a  ivooden  print  •,  h.  (h. 

Elizabeth  on  her  throne.  Ctirfed  is  he  that 
curfeih  thee,  &c.  a  wooden  print,  ^vo, 

Eliza  BETH  A,  &c.  Elflracke  fc.  /\.to. 

Elizabetha,  &c.  F.  Delaram  fc.  ^to. 

Elizabet.  &c.  Crifpin  de  Pajfe  exc.  ^to*.  I  am 
credibly  informed,  that  there  is  a  h.  Jh.  and  an  %vo. 
print  of  El'zabeth,  by  the  fame  hand,  neither  of  them 
whole  lergths,  and  that  the  former  hath  been  copied. 
Vertue,  in  his  rnanufcript  Catalogue  of  engraved  Por^ 
traits,  which  I  have,  mentions  ^,een  Elizabeth  with 
ornaments  above,  by  iVilUam  Rogers. 

Elisabeth  ;  a  whole  length,  by  Simon  Pafs. 

Elizabetha,  &c.   In  Holland's  "  Hcroologia  •," 
Zvo. 

Elizabeth,  &c.  Conrpton  Holland  ex c.  f mall  Zvo. 

Elizabeth,  pompoifiy  dreffed,  holding  a  fan  cf 
cflrich'^s  plumes :  from  her  "  Hijiojy  by  way  cf  An-' 
*^  nals,'^  1625  ♦,  4?^. 

Elizabeth,  wiih  a  feather  fan,  well  copied  from 
the  above.  Frontifpiece  to  another  edition  of  the  fame 
book,  infol.  1630. 

Elizabeth,  a  large  hezid,  by  Hen.  Hondius ;  done 
a!  the  Hague,  1632. 

Elizabeth  ;  afmall  oval,  with  the  heads  cf  James 
I.  and  Charles  L  in  the  title  of  Smith's  "  Hifhry  of 
Virginia,^'  16 ^2',  fol. 

Elisabeth  a,  &c.  Frontifpiece  to  Carew's  "  Pa- 
**  cat  a  Hibernia,"  fol.  1633. 

Elizabeth,  &cc.  in  armour,  on  horfeback ;  horfe 
trampling  on  a  hydra,  &c.  T.  Cecillfc.  h.p. 

•  Crifpin  de  Pafs  publiflied  heads  of  illuftrious  perfohs  of  this 
kingdom  from  the  year  1500,  to  the  bsgliining  of  the  feventeentU 
century. 

Vol.  L  N  Eli- 


178  The    HISTORY         Eli^; 

Elizabeth,  dzc.  fceptre  and  globe,  fix  verfes : 
the  admired  cmprefs,  &c.  Stent  exc.  h.  fa, 

Elizabkth,  under  a  canopy^  holding  a  feather ' 
fan.  Infctipt.  cut  off.  There  is  a  prim  of  her,  un- 
der  a  campy.,  by  R.  IVhite^  h.  fo. 

Elizabeth  •,  oval.  In  the  "  Gaisdogj  of  the  Kings 
•'  of  Ergland^froin  the  Conouejl :  'by  McColm  -^'largei^to. 

Elizabeth  crowned  by  jujiice  and  Mercys  large 
4.to. 

Elisabet.  &c.  Fidei  Chrifdana propugnatrix  acer- 
ri}na;  ^toi 

Elisabeth  A,  &c.  Non  me  pudeS  Evangelii,  i^c» 
hfh. 

Elisabeth,  &c.  Ccck  exc.  /^io.  This  belongs 
tu  aft. 

Elizabeth  A,  Sic.  IF.  Mar/hall  fc.  fmall  -,  in  Ful- 
ler's "  Bdy  State,''  i'^a^i  -Jol. 

Elizabeth-,  a  wooden  print ;  fmall  4.10.  in  Ben- 
lowers  "  The'ophila,  or  Lovers  Sacrifice',""  fol.  1652. 
There  is  a  wooden  print  fimilar  to  this,  but  not 
ivilh  the  fame  i)fcripiim,  in  "  A  Booke  of  godlie  Prai- 
erSy'  i^c.  Lond.  1 60  8 .  To  each  page  of  this  book, 
'iobich  is  in  the  black  letter,  is  a  borde)'  of  ornaments, 
■elegcntJy  cut  in  "jjcod^  containing  Scripture  Hftories 
and  Death'' s  Lance. 

Elizabeth  A,  &:c. 

"  Shee  *  was,  fliee  is,   what  can  there  more 

"  be  {aid, 
"  In  earth   the   firfl,   in  heaven   the  fecond 

"  maid." 

Thefe  lines,  which  are  under  the  head,  are 
the  laft  veries  of  an  infcription  on  a  cenotaph  of 
queen  Elizabeth,  which  was  in  Row-church -{'. 
Thcophilus  Cibber  tells  us,  in  his  **  Lives  of 
*'  the  Poets  J"    that  they   are   an   epigram  of 

•  Sic  Crig. 

-V  See  the  "View  of  London,"  p,  3.71  J  Svo.  1703. 

X  Vol.  V.  p.  16, 

Budgel's, 


Class  I.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D. 

Budgci's,  upon  the  death  of  a  very  fine  ycmg 
lady ;  and  that  he  did  not  remealber  to  have 
feen  them  publiihed* 

Elizabetha,  &c. 

Tros  ah/tt,  merito  mirahitur  Afer  Etifam  \ 
Anglus  idem  tibi  non  ■praftet  Elifa  tuus  *. 

1'here  are  fever al  foreign  prints  of  Elizabeth^  Ma- 
ry queen  of  Scots ^  the  earl  of  Lekejhr^  &c.  in  Me- 
ter anu!>''s  and  other  hijiories  of  the  Belgic  War.  Her 
portrait  is  in  the  title  plate  to  the  Bijhops  Bible^  men- 
tioned under  the  article  of  Lord  Burleigh  \.  There  is 
another  curious  print  of  her^  with  emblems,  prefixed  to 
'-  Compendiofa  totius  Anatonies  Delineatio,  per 
Thomam  Geminum,"  Lond.  1559.  Fan  Sichem 
has  engraved  a  whole  length  of  her ^  and  there  are  co- 
pies^ and  vile  copies  of  copies  not  worth  mentioni?}g. 
The  fame  may  be  obferved  of  the  prints  of  the  two 
Charleses,  ^c.  &c. 

Elizabetha,  Szc.  oval,  \2mo.  neat. 

Elizabeth,  fitting  under  a  canopy^  lord  Burleigh 
on  her  right  hand^  and  Sir  F.  JValfingham  on  her  left. 
—Title  to  Sir  Dudley  Digg's  "  Compleat  Ambaffador^'' 

^^' foL    Faiihorne  fc.  h.  fo. 

Elizabetha,  &c.  R,  White fc.  h.  fj. 

Elizabeth,  &c.  l^'an  Somer  exc.  ^to. 

Elizabeth,  &c.  Fander  Wcrff  p.  (delin.)  Ver- 
tiKuknfc.  h.  f,3. 

*  This  poordiftich  relates  to  the  duke  of  Anjon's  courtHiip  of 
Elizabeth.  If  tb.2  nllufion  to  the  affair  of  Dido  and  -.'Eneas  had 
been  well  expreircd,  peiiiaps  tiie  writer  cf  tlie  verCes  and  the  cii- 
g!  aver  of  tlie  piint  would  have  had  their  right  hands  cut  orf',  as 
John  Sriibhe  had  for  bis  fpiiited  pauiphitt  r.gainft  the  duke's  mar- 
riage v'ith  the  qti'pn  t- 

t  Ir  Hiould  he  ohlVrved,  that  the  title  of  tlis  BiHiops  Bible  l.as 
hepn  printed  from  different  plates. 

t   S.-.c  vb^  aiutle  of  Siubb?,  in  .Marters's   ''■  ll'A.  of  C.  C.  C.  C."  p.  417, 

N  ;i  Eu- 


79 


igo  The    HISTORY  Eliz. 

Elizabeth  -,  a  large  fearl  hanging  at  her  breajt  t, 
G.V,(Veriue)fc.  ^voJ^ 

HISTORICAL   PIECES,    &c. 

Qj-ieen  ELIZABETH,  going  in  ■procejjioyi 
to  lord  Himfdoris  houfe  in  Hertford/hire^  circ.  A.  1580^ 
Alarc.  Garrard  p.  Venue  fc.  1742  ;  large  Jh. 

In  this  print  are  the  portraits  of  the  earl  of 
Leicefter,  Henry  lord  Hunfdon,  Wm.  lord  Bur- 
leigh, Charles  lord  Howard,  afterwards  earl 
of  Nottingham  j  lady  Hunfdon,  Elizabeth  fif- 
ter  to  lord  Hunldon,  and  wife  of  lord  How- 
ard, &c.  The  painting  was  miftaken  for  a  pro- 
cefiion  to  St.  Paul's,  till  Vertue  afcertained  the 
hiflory  of  it.  The  original  is  in  the  pofTcflion 
of  lord  Digby. 

Qiicen  Elizabeth  fitting  in  full  parliamentii 
Frontifpiece  to  Srr  Simonds  D"* Ewes' s  "  Jcurnah  of 
"  the  Parliaments  cf  this  Reign  ;"  fol.  1682. 

John  Fenn,  Efq  of  Eaft  Dereham,  in  Nor- 
folk, has  a  moft  curious  engraved  roll  of  the' 
proceiTion  of  the  kiiights  of  the  garter,  in  the 
reign  of  Elizabeth  •,  it  is  fixteen  feet  three  inches 
in  length,  and  about  a  foot  in  breadth.  It 
contains  fifty-nine  portraits,  betwixt  four  and 
five  inches   in  height.     At  the  end  is  a  MS. 


•o' 


•  In  the  "  Archasologia  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,"  vol.  ii. 
p.  169,  &c.  is  a  copy  of  a  proclamation  in  the  hand-writing  of 
iecretaiy  Cecil,  dated  1563,  which  prohibits  "all  manner  of 
*'  perfons  to  draw,  paynt,  grave,  or  pourtrayit  her  majefty's 
•«  perlbnage  or  vifage  for  a  time,  until  by  Ibnie  perfeft  patron 
«'  and  example,  the  lame  may  be  by  others  followed,  &c.  and  for 
'•  that  hir  majeftie  perceiveth  that  a  grete  nomber  of  hir  iovijig 
**  iubjefts  are  much  greved  and  take  grete  offence  with  the  errors 
**  and  deformities  allredy  conuiiittetl  by  fondry  perfons  in  this 
•>  behalf,  (he  ftraightly  chargeth  all  hir  ofiiceis  and  minifters  to 
*♦  fee  to  the  due  obfervation  hereof,  and  as  (bon  as  may  be  to 
«*  reform  the  errors  already  commuted,  &c.' 

dedi" 


Class  I.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  i8i 

dedication  of  it  to  the  queen,  figned  Thomas 
Daws,  and  dated  1576.  The  names  of  the  per- 
Ibns  reprefenced  arc  alfo  in  MS.  Ic  is  probably 
a  proof- print  engraved  by  Theodore  de  Brie. 

There  is  a  curious  head  of  queen  Elizabeth, 
when  old  and  haggard,  in  the  *'  Catalogue  of 
?'  Royal  and  Noble  Authors,"  cipne  with  great 
exaftnefs  from  a  coin,  the  dje  of  which  was 
broken. 

The  following  fummary  of  her  hiftory  is  un- 
der feveral  of  the  abovementioned  portraits. 

"  Having  reformed  religion  •,  eftablifhed 
*'  peace;  reduced  coin  to  its  juft  value*; 
"  delivered  Scotland  from  the  French  -,  rtveng- 
"  ed  domeflic  rebellion;  faved  France  from 
*'  headlong  ruin  by  civil  war;  fupported  Bel- 
'•  gia;  overthrown  the  Spanifh  invincible  na- 
"  vy ;  expelled  the  Spaniards  out  of  Ireland  ; 
"  received  the  Irifh  into  mercy;  enriched  En- 
*'  gland  by  the  moft  prudent  government, 
"  forty-five  years  ;  Elizabeth,  a  virtuous  and 
"  triumphant  queen,  in  the  feventieth  year  of 
'.'  her  age,  in  a  moft  happy  and  peaceable  man- 
*'  ner -]-,  departed  this  life;  leaving  here  her 
*'  mortal  parts,  until  by  the  laft  trump  Ihe  fhall 
*'  rife  immortal.'* 

Elizabeth,  who  was  raifed  from  a  prifon  to 
the  throne,  filled  it  with  a  fufficiency  that  does 
great  honour  to  her  fex ;  and  with  a  dignity 
elTential  and  peculiar  to  her  character.  Though 
her  paffions  were  warm,  her  judgment  was  tem- 
perate and  cool:    hence  it   was,  that  (he  was 

•  The  bafe  coin  of  Henry  VIII.  was  called  in,  and  the  queen 
and  the  fubjeft  were  equally  lofers  in  reducing  it  to  the  juft  ftan-" 
Itard. 

t  See  lady  Effingham,  Clafs  Xf. 

N  2  never 


18-  The    HIS  TOR  Y         Eliz, 

never  led  or  over-ruled  by  her  minifters  or  fa- 
vourites, though  men  of  great  abilities  and  ad- 
drefs.  She  praftifed  all  the  arts  of  diffimulation 
for  the  falutary  purpofes  of  government.  She 
fo  happily  tempered  affability  and  haughtinefs, 
benevolence  and  feverity,  that  fhe  was  much 
more  loved  than  feared  by  the  people ;  and 
was  at  the  fame  time,  the  delight  of  her 
own  fubjcds,  and  the  terror  of  Europe,  She 
w^s  parfimonious,  and  even  avaricious  :  bu^ 
thefe  qualities  vjcre  in  her  rather  virtues  than 
vices  •,  as  they  v/ere  the  refult  of  a  rigid  ceco- 
nomy,  that  centered  in  the  public.  Her  treat- 
ment of  the  queen  of  Scots,  the  moft  cenfur- 
able  part  of  her  condu<5t,  had  in  it  more  of  po- 
licy than  jufticc,  and  more  of  fpleen  tlian  po- 
licy. This  wife  princefs,  who  had  never  been 
the  flave  of  her  paffions,  at  the  rime  of  life 
when  they  are  found  to  be  moil  powerful,  fell  a 
vidtim  to  their  violence,  at  an  a^^e  when  they 
are  commonly  extinguifhed. 

The  Royal  Family  of  S  C  O  T  L  A  N  D, 

MARY  began  her  Reign,  1542. 

MARIA  STUART,  Reg.  Fran.  &  Scot. 
Francifci  IL  Regis  *  uxor :  in  a  round  frame  on  a 
fedeftaU 

Marie 

•  Francis  the  ferond,  king  of  France,  n  prince  of  a  mean  ge- 
nius and  wfakly  conttitution,  died  of  an  impoftume  in  his  right 
ear,  in  1560.  See  a  circnmflautial  account  of  his  death,  in 
"  D'Avila,"  p.  67,  68,  cdit.Lond.  1755,  4.to.  He  is  faid,  in  the 
*«  Biographic  Britannica,"  p.  3326,  to  have  been  accidentally 
killed  at  a  tilt  "by  a  lance.  Several  ingenious  perfons  iiave  been 
fed  into  the  fame  miftake  j  in  which  they  were  pofllbly  confirmed 
by  his  ineda!,  on  the  reverfe  of  which  is  a  broken  lance.  But  a 
niedil  of  Catherine  de  Medicis  his  mother,  has  tlie  fame  reverfe, 
aod  it  alludes  to  the  death  of  Henry  the  lecond,  his  father,  vvho 

was 


Class  I.        o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  igj 

Marie  Stuart,  Reine  de  Fran.  &c.  four 
French  verfes.    Tho.  de  Leuf.  a^to.  very  neat, 

Marie  Stuart,  epoufe  du  Pvoy  Francois  11. 
without  the  e72grc,ver''s  name. 

Marie  Stuart,  i^c.  in  "  F^iftoire  de  FrancCj 
par  Mezeray  •,"  De  Bit  fc.  but  it  is  without  his  name. 

Maria,  &c.  Cock  exc. 

When  Mary,  in  the  full  bloom  of  her  beauty^ 
was  walking  in  a  procefllon  ac  Paris,  a  woman 
forced  her  way  through  the  croud  to  touch  her. 
Upon  being  an<ed  what  fhe  meant  by  her  bold 
jntrufion,  file  faid,  it  was  only  to  i'atisfy  her- 
felf  whether  fo  angelic  a  creature  were  flefh  and 
blood. 
Maria   Stuart,   &c.  Scotise   regina,    douag. 

Gallice;   ^to. 

Maria   Stuart,    regina   Scotise,    &c.      From 

the  original  painting  of  C,  Janet  *_,   at  St.   James'' s  j 

J.  Faber  f.  h.  (h.  mezz. 

Maria  Stuart,  &c.  Janet  p.  Vertue  fc.  172 1; 

?,vo.     A  copy  by  Boitard  ;  fol. 

There  is  an  '6vo.  print  of  her  after  Janet ^  by  Fluieft, 
Maria  &c.  Ztichcrop.  fertile  fc.  1 725  -,  h.fh.  The 

originaU  which  by  feme  is  not  efteeined  genuine,  belonged 

to  lord  Carlton^  and  (ifterwards  to  Lord  Burlington. 
Maria,   &c.  a  copy  of  the  next  above  by  Ferine^ 

without  the  painter'' s  name\   %vo. 

Maria,  &c.  a  mezz.  after  Zuchero' s painting\  hJJo, 
Maria   Scotorum    regina,  &c.  a  f nail  oval,  en- 

graz-ed  on  a  gold  plate,  from  Dr.  Mead's   miniature, 

V>'ns  killed  by  a  rplinter  which  flevv  from  Montgomery's  lance,  at 
a  tilt.  It  is  ol>fervabie  thai  iic  was  executed  for  this  accident 
fifteen  years  after  it  happened  f.  Both  thefe  medals  are  in*  the 
Britifh  Mufeum.  The  former  is  remarkable  for  a  linking  re- 
lemblance  of  a  lady  of  the  highelt  rank. 

•  Janet's  portraits  are  often  miltaken  for  Holbein's. 

■\  So  we  are  into-r^ed  by  fcveral  authors :  but,  perhaps,  bis  having  join- 
ed the  Hu(;onot  taftion,  and  being  found  in  arms  at  Rochslle,  was  ihe  prin- 
cipal cau'.e  of  his  execution,  which  might  have  been  ;iccelerated  by  th«  for. 
cicr  fail. 

N   4  C.  Vet' 


i84  The    HISTORY        Eliz. 

G.  Vert  tit  fc.  This  is  fometimes  printed  with  an  en- 
graved border. 

Mar  Y  queen  of  Scots  ;  J.  Oliver  p.  Houbraken 
fc.  copiidfrom  the  next  above. 

Mary  queen  of  Scots ;  J.  Oliver  p.  copied  from 
Houbraken  by  Strange,  for  Dr.  Smollett's  "  Hijiory" 
fmal!  \  in  a  round. 

Maria,  &c.  a  genuine  portrait  of  her^  from  an 
crigina]  in  the  palace  of  St.  James's^  dated  1580, 
Anno  JEt.  58;  Vertue  fc.  h.  fjj.  engraved  for  Rapin's 
«'  Hijlcryr 

Maria,  Regina,  fire.  1543.  One  of  thefcarce 
Jet  of  the  Kings  of  Scotland. 

Marie,  &c.  copied  from  the  fame  fet^  done  at  Am-' 
Jierdam  1603  ;  /\tc. 

Marie,  8zc.  fanding  and  refing  her  left-hand  on 
a  tvjo-armed  chair  :  T.  V.  O.  at  the  bottom.  From 
Mcntfaucryns  "  Monumens  de  la  Monarchic  Fran- 
co! fe."  In  the  fame  plate  are  portraits  of  her  two 
hujl-ands, 

Maria,  &:c.  Elftrackc  fc  ^to. 

Maria,  &c.  R.  M.  E.  in  a  cypher^. 

Mary,  &c.  a  ffnall  head  \  Hollar  f. 

Marie,  &c.  Vander  J^Ferffp.  {deling  P.  a  Gunjl. 
fc.  h.jh. 

Maria,  &c.  in  black  velvet,  trimmed  ivitJp  ermine. 

J.  Simon  f.  h.jh.  mezz.  A  copy  in  wezz.  by  Pelham  ;  4,10. 

From  a  pifture  in  the  pofTefTion  of  the  late 

duke  of  Hamilton.     This   is  a  very  different 

face  from  the  portrait  at  St.  James's 

Maria,  &c.  Hans  Liefrinck  exc.  F.  H.  in  the 
left-hand  corner ;  h.  fh. 

Maria,  &c.  JEt.  44,  1583;  veiU  crofs  hanging 
at  her  breaji  j  ar7ns  on  the  left  fide  of  the  head,  h.  fh. 
fcarce. 

*  lam  informfd  that  there  is  a  print  of  her  from  the  medal  ftnick 
at  Rome  ;  in  the  ohverfe  of  which  fhe  is  l^yled  queen  of  England, 
as  well  as  Scotland.     This  gave  umbrage  to  her  rival  Elizabeth. 

"  The 


Class!.       of   ENGLAND.  185 

"  The  mighty  Princefs  Marie,  &c."  LeWam 
fc.  She  holds  a  paper  in  her  left  hand,  infcribed  '*  The 
"  Supplication  of  Thomas  Hongar"  large  o^avoy  called 
Mary,  queen  of  Scots,  in  fome  notices  of  prints  which 
I  have ',  but  quare :  I  do  not  recolle5i  the  portrait. 

Mary,  queen  of  Scotland,  and  lord  Darnlcy  : 
Elflrackefc,  h.  [h, 

Mary,  queen  of  Scotland  and  lord  Darnley, 
two  f mall  ovals  in  one  plate.  No  name  of  painter  or 
enzraver, 

Mary  queen  of  Scots  and  her  fan  James,  in  two 
rounds  joined',  on  the  right  and  left  of  which  are  the 
heads  of  her  two  hufhands. 

Mary,  &c.  in  the  drefs  in  which  floe  went  to  her 
execution  ;  a  crucifix  in  her  right  hand ;  Gayuoood  f, 
1655;  4/^.  ^    • 

Maria,  &c.  a  head  in  an  oval,  with  a  reprefen- 
tation  of  her  execution  ;  a  large  h.  fh.fine, 

"This  print,  according  to  Vertue's  manufcript,  was 
done  abroad  by  William  Pafs.  There  are  copies  of 
it  in  Meter  anuses  "  Hijiory,"  ^c.  There  is  a  very 
fcarce  print  of  her  going  to  execution,  which  is  well 
engraved ;  over  her  head  are  two  angels  with  palms ; 
a  fmall  oblong  halfJJjeet,  There  are  alfo  neat  prints  of 
her,  which  reprefent  her  execution^  byHuret  andVignon-y 
the  former  an  %vo.  is  very  fcarce.  The  quarto  print,  by 
Eoudan,  has  the  date  of  her  execution,  viz.  "  Mar- 
tyrium  pa  (la  eft,  1587." 

Maria  ^c.  fitting;  J,  Couay  fc.  large  h.  fh. 
Execution  at  a  dijiance. 

This  unhappy  princefs,  though  naturally  dif- 
pofed  to  virtue,  appears  to  have  been  too  guilty 
of  the  crimes  laid  to  her  charge.  But  fuch  were 
the  graces  of  her  perfon  and  behaviour,  that 
every  one  thai:  faw  and  converfed  with  her,  was 
inclined  to  think  her  innocent,  at  leaft  to  wifh 
her  fo,  and  all  concurred  in  pitying  her  fuifer- 
ings.     She  was  beheaded  in  the  hall  of  Fother- 

ingay 


i86  The    HISTORY         Elu. 

ingay  caftle,  the  8th  of  Ftb.  1586-7.  Queen 
Elizabeth,  who,  among  her  other  excellencies, 
was  an  excellenc  difTi^mblt^r,  immediately  dif- 
patched  a  letter  to  her  fori,  difavovving  her  pri- 
vity to  his  mother's  execution.  Mary  was  foon 
after  enrolled  among  the  martyrs  of  the  church 
of  Rome. 

H  EN  R  Y  lord  D  A  R  N  L  E  Y,  (titular)  king 
of  Scotland,  A°.  Dok  1563,  yEt.  17.  Lucas  d& 
Hecre  p.  G,  Vertuefc.  Fro.n  an  original  at  St,  Jameses  j 
h.Jh. 

Henry  lord  Darkley,  duke  of  Albany,  &:c. 
fold  by  George  Humble ;  4/5. 

Lord  Darnley's  Cenotaph:  By  it  are  kneeling, 
Matthew  earl  of  Lenox^  and  Margaret  his  isoife  \ 
Charles  their  f on ^  and  the  king  of  Scots  their  grandfori, 
a  child.  Levinus  Venetianus,  or  Vogelarius^  p.  G. 
Fertile  fc.  large  JIj. 

There  is  a  portrait  cf  Lord  DarrJcy  at  Llamptcn- 
Court, 

Married  29  Lord  Damlcy,  confort  of  the  queen  of  Scots, 

July,  1569.      j^^^  ^gj.y  ijjjig  bcfides  the  beauty  of  his  perfon 

to   recommend   him.      He  was   almoft   totally 

devoid  of  every  good  and  amiable  quality,  and 

treated    Mary    not   merely    with   neglect,     but 

with  fuch  inlblence,  as  none  are  capable  of  but 

Feb.  10,  ignoble    minds.      He    was   fuppofed    to    have 

Ji66-7.  been  murdered  by  the  contrivance  of  the  queen 

and  the  earl  of  Bothwtll,  in  revenge  of  his  af- 

faflination  of  David  Rizio,  her  favourite  *.   The 

queer) 

•  A  Piedmontefe  mufician,  who  is  rai<l  to  have  compofed  ma- 
ny of  the  old  Scots  tunes,  fome  of  whicli  have,  of  late  years,  been 
altered  to  fonatas.  The  aiteiatlon  has  been  geiitrally  for  rlie 
worfe,  as  they  were,  to  an  undeprnved  tafte,  mucii  more  pleafing 
in  their  original  fimnlicity.  Dr.  CJregory,  in  his  "  Conioatative 
«'  View  oftlie  State  and  Facoliies  of  Man,  with  thole  of  tlie  A- 
*'  niraal  World  |,"  gives  fcveral  reafons  why  the  common  opi- 
nions 

t  P.  I25j  iz''. 


Class  II,        of    ENGLAND. 

queen  was  foon  after  married  to  Bothvvell,  whofe 
charader  was  as  infamous  as  that  of  Darnky 
was  defpicable, 

JACOBUS  VI.  Scotorum  rex ;  youngs  and, 
in  armour^  holding  a  /word  and  an  olive  branch-^  a 
wooden  print ;  /{to.  prefixed  to  the  daiicaticn  of  the 
following  hooii^  "  Icones,  id  eft  veras  laragines  Vi- 
"*  rorum  Dodtrina  Hmul  et  Pietate  lllultrium," 
.&c.  Geneva,  t-5^^->   A^^' 

To  each  print  isfuhjoined,  in  pure  Latin^  by  Theo- 
dore Bezay  a  fhort  account  of  the  life  and  character  of 
the  perfon  reprefenied.  The  heads  among  which  are 
fevtral  belonging  to  the  EnglifJj  feries,  are  well  cut  in 
wood. 

Jacobus  VI.  &:c.  In  his  right  hand  a  fcepter\ 
with  a  crefcent  at  the  top  \  ^to. 

Jacobus  VI.  &c.  J.  Janffonius  exc.  ^to.  See 
the  next  reign,  Clafs  I. 

Jacobus  VI.  &c.  in  armour :  '*  Quod  fis  cfle 
velis'^  &c.  neat  and  uncommon* 


CLASS     II. 

Great  OFFICERS  of  STATE,  and  of  the 
HOUSEHOLD. 

Sir  N I  C  H  O  L  A  8  BACON,  lord-keeper. 
See  Clafs  VI. 

"SyrVsTILLIAM  PAULET,&c,  Mar- 
ques of  Wyncheiler."  In  the  poffeffion  of  Dr.  Glynn 
of  Cambridge.  The  print.,  which  reprefents  him  very 
old,  was  etched  by  Mr.  Tyfon. 

nion,  that  many  of  the  Scottifli  airs  were  compofed  by  David 
)<.izio,  is  ill  founded;  and  it  muft  be  acknowledged,  that  they 
carry  with  them  great  probability.  Dr,  Percy  is  of  the  fame  opi- 
iiion.    See  Guthrie's  ••Hiiloryof  Scotland,"  vol.  iii.  p.  307,  note. 

The 


i88  The   HISTORY  Euz, 

Created  12  rpj^P  marquis  of  Winchefter,  who  was  fq  mn.ch 

of  the  courtier  as  to  accommodate  himfelf  to 
princes,  as  well   as   fubjeds  of  very  different 
chara6lers,  was  from  his  natural  and   acquired 
abilities,  perfedly  qualified  to  a6l  with  proprie- 
ty  in  one   of  the  higheft  offices  of  the   ftate. 
Having   been   controller,   and  afterwards  trea- 
furer  of  the  houfhold,  in  the  reign  of   Henry 
VIII.  in  which  he  was  honoured  with  the  Gar- 
ter, he,  in  the  fourth  year  of  Edward  VI.  was 
made  lord  high-treafurer  of  England,  in  which 
office  he  continued  during  the  next   reign,  and 
part  of  that  of  Elizabeth,  to  the  time  of  his  ^ . 
death,  which  was  on  the  lOth  of  March,  157 1-*,  «( 
Camden  tells  us,   that  he  lived  to  fee  103  per- 
fons  defcended   from   him  *.     Being  afl^ed    by 
what  means  he  maintained  himfelf  in   his  high, 
Itation  during  fo  many  changes  in   the  admini- 
flration,  his  anfwer  was  "  By  being  a  willow,  and 
**  not  an  oak,"  He  built  the  magnificent  ftruc- 
ture,   more  like  a  palace   than  a  villa,   called 
Bafing-houfe,  which  was  taken   and   burnt  by 
Cromwell  in  the  civil  war. 

157a.  WILLIAM  CECIL,  lord  Burleigh  (lord 
h\gh-tresL(urer) ',  Hcubraken  fc.  In  the  colleuiion  of 
the  earl  of  Burlington-,  Iiiufi.  Head. 

GuLiELML^s   Cecilius,  &c.     In  the  *'  Heroolo- 
gia ;"  Zvo. 

Sir  William  Cecil,  Knt.  baron  of  Burleigh, 
&c.  Cor  unum,  via  una  -,   410. 

Sir  William  Cecil,  &c.  I'.Cecillfc.  iimo. 

William  Cecil,  baron  of  Burleigh,  &c.  Mar- 
Jlmllfc.  fmall',  in  Fuller's  '' Holy  State'' 

Guil.  Cecilius,  &c.  Vertuefc.  h.flj. 

There  are  portraits  of  Lord  Burleigh  and  the  Earl  of 
Leicejler,   in  the  chara^lers  of  David  and  JoJIjua,  in 
the  frontifpicce  to  the  *'  Bijljops   Bible,''  printed  by 
«  "  Annales,"  p.  i6gi 


Cla^sII.       of    ENGLAND.  189 

"Jugge :  The  print  was  engraved  by  Humphry  Cole,  There 
are  alfo  wooden  cuti  of  them  in  the  fame  book  *. 

Lord  Burleigh,  mailer  of  the  court  of  wards, 
and  his  afTiltants,  fitting.  From  a  -pidure  of  the 
-duke  of  Richmond'' s  \  Vertuefc,  large  fh. 

Sir  William  Cecil  was  made  prefident  of  the  deat.  lord 
court  of  wards  the  loth  of  January,   1561,  at  ^"^^^^^ 
which  time  he  was  fecretary  of  flare.     He  im-  1570-1'. 
mediately   applied  himfelf  to  the  reforming  of 
many  fcandalous  abufes  in  that  court,  and  pre- 
fided  in  it  with  great  fufiiciency. 

Lord  Burleigh.  See  his  portrait  in  the  pro- 
tefllon  of  queen  Elizabeth  to  lord  Hunfdon's. 

Lord  Burleigh  has  been  defervedly  placed  at 
the  head  of  our  Englifh  ftatefmen  ;  not  only  for 
his  great  abilities,  and  indefatigable  applica- 
tion, but  alfo  for  his  inviolable  attachment  to 
the  interefts  of  his  miftrefs.  There  needs  no 
ftronger  proof,  perhaps  no  ftronger  can  be  given, 
of  his  great  capacity  for  bufmefs,  than  the  fol- 
lowing paffage  from  his  life. 

"  Befides  all  bufmefs  in  council,  or  other 
•^^  weighty  caules,  and  fuch  as  were  anfwered  by 
"  word  of  mouth,  there  was  not  a  day  in  term 
*'  wherein  he  received  not  threefcore,  fourfcore, 
*'  or  a  hundred  petitions,  which  he  commonly 
"  read  at  night,  and  gave  every  man  an  anfwer 
"  the  next  morning,  as  he  went  to  the  hall : 

*  "  I  hope,  (fays  Mr.  Walpole)  that  the  flattery  to  the  fa- 
vourites was  the  incenfe  of  the  engraver."  I  am  perfuaded  that 
it  wss.  But  offenfive  as  the  portraits  are,  the  large  G,  at  the 
head  of  the  firft  chapter  of  tlie  Epiftle  to  the  Hebrews  in  the  fame 
edition  of  the  Bible,  is  far  more  offenfive.  It  reprefents  a  naked 
Leda,  with  a  Swan,  as  ihocking  in  point  of  indecency  as  can  be 
imagined,  and  ftiil  more  fo  in  point  of  impropriety,  as  it  makes 
a  part  of  fo  awful  a  word.  It  is  highly  proijable,  that  this  letter 
was  cut  for  one  of  Ovid's  books,  and  that  ic  was  thus  grofly  mif- 
applied  by  the  ignorant  printer. 

"  whence 


igo  TheHISTORY  ElizJ 

*'  whence  the  excellence  of  his  memory  was 
"  greatly  admired;  for  when  any  of  thefe  pe- 
*'  titioners  told  him  their  names,  or  what  coun- 
"  trymen  they  were,  he  prefently  entered  into 
"  the  merit  of  his  reqiieft,  and  having  difcufTed 
"  it,  gave  him  his  anfwer."  He  had  a  princi- 
pal Ihare  in  the  adminiftration  forty  years.  OL 
4  Aug.  1598*. 

EDWARD  SACKVILLj£,  lord  Buck- 
hurfi:,  lord  high  treafurer.  See  the  next  reign,  in 
which  he  was  created  earl  of  Dorfet. 

THOMAS  HOWARD,  duke  of  Nor- 
folk (earl- mar.4ial)  j  Holbein  p.  Hcubraken  fc.  In 
the  colledion  of  Mr.  Ricbardfon  •,  lUuJi.  Head^ — This 
is  now  Mr.  Walpole's. 

Thomas  Howard,  duke  of  Norfolk,  &c.  z/;/- 
der  an  arch.  Under  a  correfpondent  arch,  are  thirty 
coats  of  arms  quartered  in  one  Jljield^  about  which  are 
badges  of  the  order  of  the  Garter  and  St.  Michael-, 
above  are  Gothic  ornaments :  four  EngliJIo  vsrfes.  The 
print  is  old  and  neatly  engraved.  If  there  were  any 
name  of  an  engraver^  it  is  defaced.  It  meafures  thir- 
teen inches  and  three  quarters  wide.,  by  nine  inches  and 
a  half  high,  and  is  in  the  poffejjion  of  John  Fenn, 
Efq.  of  Eafi  Dereham,  in  Norfolk,  who  drew  and 
fent  me  a  Jketch  cf  it.  This  curious  print  came  fr an  a 
farmhoufe  hdor.'xing  to  the  I^  or  folk  family  \  and  the 
tradition  is,  that  a  proof  was  formerly  given  to  every 
tenant  of  the  duke;  but  how  longfince^  or  by  whomi 
is  uncertain. 

*  "Lord  Burleigh  and  t!ie  other  great  miniftcrs  of  Elizabeth 
**  were  ?.bfohite!y  of  her  own  choice;  and  their  charatters  and 
"  condiift  were  iuch,  that  nothing  can  be  more  jiift  than  what 
"  Mr.  Waller  obferved  of  her  to  James  II.  who  in  diminution  of 
"  her  perfonal  merit,  allowed  her  to  have  an  able  council.  To 
*'  which  he  replied,  with  his  iifual  vivacity,  And  when  did  your 
"  majefty  ever  know  a  foolifh  prince  to  chuTe  a  wife  one  ?"  "  Hif- 
torical  View  of  the  Negotiations  between  England,  France,  and 
2iruflels,"p.  216. 

The 


Glass  ll.        of    ENGLAND.  191 

The  great  virtue  and  merit  of  this  nobleman  Created 
gained  him  the  favour  of  the  queen,  and  the  ^'^  ^* 
univerfal  love  and  efteem  of  the  people,  till  he 
unhappily  engaged  himfelf  in  the  defperate  caafe 
of  Mary  queen  of  Scots,  whom  he  endeavoured 
to  efpoufe,  and  rellore  to  her  throne.  He  feems 
to  have  been  ftrongly  aftuated  by  two  powerful 
pafTions,  love  and  ambition,  which  foon  preci- 
pitated him  on  his  fate.  He  fell  a  facrifice  to 
the  jealoufy  of  Elizabeth^  as  his  father  the  earl 
of  Surrey  did  to  that  of  Henry  VIII.  Behead- 
ed the  2d  of  June,  1572. 

ROBERT  DEVEREUX,  earl  of  Ef- 
fex,  1 601  ;  J.  Oliver  p.  Houbrahn  fc.  In  the  col' 
Uaion  of  Sir  Robert  fVorpy,  Bart,  lllujt.  Head  ^. 

The  portraits  of  him  are  remarkable  for  the 

black  hair,   and  red  beard.     At  Warwick  Caf- 

tle   there   is   an   original  of  him  by  Zucchero. 

There  is  a  whole  length  in  the  gallery  at  Long- 

lear. 

Robert  Devereux,  6rc.  earl-frjarfhal  of  Eng-  Promot.  zs 
Jand,   and  now  lord-general  of  kcr  majejlfs  forces  in  ^'*^*  '5^'' 
Ireland^  W"^,  Rogers  fc.  fid  by  John  Sudbury  and 
Geo.  Humble;  h.fj. 

Robert  Devereux,  &c.  //;  the  '*  Hercologia-^* 
%vo, 

Robert,  earl  of  Efiex,  on  horjehack\  W,  Pafs 
fc.  h.  Jh.—This  has  been  copied. 

There  is  another  neat  print  of  him  on  horfeback, 
dated  1601.  Fleet,  army,  &c.  Robert  Boiffard Jc. 
Kip.  exc.  h.  fi.    'This  has  been  well  copied, 

RoEERTLTs  Devereux,  &c.  hat  and  feather, 
Co.  Holland  excu.  /\to. 

Robert  Devereux,  &c.  W.  Dolle fc.  ^vo.  In 
Sir  Hen.  V/otton^s  "  Remain s^^ 

*  This  is  now  in  Ivir,  Walpo'e's  coiieilion. 

JIOBERT 


192  The    HISTORY  Eliz. 

Robert  earl  of  Eflfex  and  Ewe,  &c.  Stetit ;  4/^. 
Robert  D'everelix,  &c.  Vander  Werff  p.  P, 
a  Gunji.  fc.  h.JJj. 

The  valiant  and  accompliflied  earl  of  EfTex, 
whg  was  the  object  of  the  queen's  ^,  as  well  as 
the  people's  afFc(5tion,  was  very  ill-qualified  for 
a  court ;  as  he  was  as  honeft  and  open  in  his  en- 
mity, as  he  was  fincere  in  his  friendiliip.  He 
was  above  the  little  arts  of  diffimulation,  and 
feemed  to  think  it  a  proftitution  of  his  dignity  to 
put  up  an  affront  even  from  the  queen  herfelf. 
His  adverfaries,  who  were  cool  and  deliberate 
in  tiieir  malice,  knew  how  to  avail  ihemfclves 
of  the  warmth  and  opennefs  of  his  temper,  and 
fecretly  drove  him  to  thofe  fatal  extremities,  to 
■which  the  violence  of  his  nature  feemed  to  have 
hurried  him.  Beheaded  the  25th  of  February, 
1600-1.     See  Clafs  VII. 

CHARLES  HOWARD,  earl  of  Not- 
tingham, lord  high-admiral.     See  Clafs  VII. 

HENRY  FITZ  ALLAN,  earl  of  Arundel, 
in  armour  ;  half  length,  round  cafy  ruff.  The  in- 
firipticn  is  in  manujcript, 

c^p^f  Henry  earl   of  Arundel  was  a  principal  in- 

1289.  ftrumenc  in  fetting  Mary  upon  the  throne.    He 

was,  foon  after  her  acceflion,  appointed  fteward 
of  the  houfehold,  and  continued  to  adt  in  the 
fame  employment  under  Elizabeth.  He  is  faid 
to  have  entertained  the  ftrongeft  hopes  of  mar- 
rying that  princefs,  and  to  have  left  the  king- 
dom in  difguft,  when  he  faw  himfelf  fupplant- 
ed  in  her  favour  by  the  carl  of  Leiceifer.  After 
his  return  to  England,   he  appeared  again  at 

•  See  Hume's  "  Hift."  and  the  '«  Cat.  of  Royal  and  Noble  Au- 
thors."' 

court, 


Class  II.      of  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  193 

court,  and  joined  with  Leicefter,  and  other 
courtiers,  in  a  plot  againft  Cecil.  He  was  the 
laft  earl  of  Arundel  of  the  name  of  Fitz  Allan, 
Ob.  1579  *• 

WILLIAM  HERBERT,  earlofPem- 
broke,  who  died  in  1569,  was  lord-fteward  of  the 
houfehold  in  this  reign.  See  the  reign  of  Ed= 
ward  VI. 

Great  OFFICERS  of  the  HO  US  EH  OLD. 

ROBERT  DUDLEY,  earl  of  Leicef- 
ter-,  -penes  Illuji.  Com.  Oxon.  Verlue  fc.  %vo. 

Robert  Dudley,  earl  of  Leicefter-,  J.  Hou- 
hraken  fc.  In  the  colledion  of  Sir  Robert  IVor/ley, 
Bart,    lllufi.  Head. 

ROBERTUS   DUDLEIUS,    &C.    W.   P.    {JVtn.  Pafs) 

f.    In  the  '*  Heroologia  -,  ^vo. 

RoBERTus  DuDLDiius,  &c.  IV.  Pafs  fc.  'Tv^o 
Latin  verfes. 

RoBERTUs  DuDLEius,  &CC.  Hieronimus  IVifix  f^ 
fmall  oval  5  neat. 

RoBEBiT  Dudley,  Sec.  Mar/hall  fc.  izmo.  Fron- 
tifpiece  to  the  famous  libel,  intitled,  '*  Leicejier's  Com" 
mon  Wealth"  1641. 

ROBERTUS  DuDLEIUSj    &C.    Ob.   15S8;    8w. 

Robert  Dudley,  &c.  Vander  Werff  p.  VeV" 
meuknfc.  h.flo. 

Robert  Dudley,  &c.  Bout  tats  f.  Atitverpice, 
h.fio. 

Robertus  Dudleus,  &c.  on  horfeback,  from  a 
*'  Hijiory  of  the  Netherlands,  or  the  Belgic  War^*  in 
High  Dutch  f,  h.  fh. 

*  The  firft  coach  ever  publicly  feen  in  England,  was  the  equi- 
page of  Henry  earl  of  Arundel.  This  vehicle  was  invented  by 
the  French,  who  alfo  invented  the  pclt-chaife,  which  was  intro- 
duced by  Mr.  Tull,  fon  of  the  well  known  writer  on  hufbandry. 

f  In  this  book  arc  feveialEnglifh  portraits  by  a  good  hand. 

Vol.  I.  O  Robert 


194  The   HISTORY         Eliz. 

Robert  Dudley,  &;c.  See  his  portrait  in  the 
procefiion  to  Hunfdon  houfe.  There  are  alfo 
heads  of  him  copied  from  others,  in  "  Strada  de 
"  Bello  Belgico,"  and  other  hiflories  of  the  Low 
Countries. 

Cr.  1564.  Leicefter^s  engaging  perfon  and  addrefs  re- 

commended him  to  the  favour  of  queen  Eliza- 
beth *.  Thefe  exterior  qualificanons,  without 
the  aid  of  any  kind  of  virtue,  or  fuperiority  of 
abilities,  gained  him  fuch  an  afcendant  over  her, 
that  every  inftance  of  his  mifcondud  was  over- 
looked i  and  he  had  the  art  to  make  his  faults 
the  means  of  rifing  higher  in  her  favour.  He 
is  faid  to  have  been  the  firfl:  who  introduced 
the  art  of  poifoning  into  England  -f-.  It  is  cer- 
tain that  he  often  pradlifed  it  himfelf,  and  that 
he  fent  a  divine  to  convince  Walfingham  of 
the  lawfulnefs  of  poifoning  the  queen  of  Scots, 
before  her  trial.  He  was  appointed  matter  of 
the  horfe,  i  Eliz.  and  fteward  of  the  houfehold, 
Dec.  1587.  0^.4  Sept.  1588.   SeeClafsVII. 

HENRYCAREY,  lord  Hunfdon,  cham- 
berlain of  the  houfehold.  His  portrait  is  in  the 
proceflion  of  the  queen  to  his  own  houfe,  Clafs  I. 

Or. baron  Henry,  lord  Hunfdon,  who  was  coufin-ger- 

i^EUz.'  '"^^  ^o  ^^^  queen,  by  Mary,  filler  to  Anne  Bolen, 

was  much  in  her  confidence  and  favour,  and 

had  the  charge  of  her  perfon  at  court,  and  in 

•  Nothing  could  form  a  more  curious  co!!e6lion  of  memoirs, 
than  Anecdotes  of  Prefekme^t.  Could  the  fecret  hiftory 
of  great  men  be  traced,  it  would  appear  that  merit  is  rarely  the 
firft  ftep  to  advancement.  It  would  much  offener  be  found  to  be 
owing  to  fuperficial  qualifications,  and  even  vices.  The  abilities 
of  the  generality  of  mankind  unfold  themfflves  by  degrees,  and 
the  office  forms  the  man.  Sir  Chriltopher  /fatten  owed  his  pre- 
ferment to  his  dancing.  Qiieen  Elizabeth,  with  all  her  fagacity, 
could  not  fee  the  future  lord  chancellor  in  the  fine  dancer. 

f  Howel's  "  Letters,"  vol.  iv.  p.  451- 

the 


Class  It.      of  ENGLAND.  ig§ 

the  camp  at  Tilbury.  He  was  of  a  foldiery 
difpofition  himfelf,  and  was  a  great  lover  of 
men  of  the  fword.  He  was  remarkable  for  a 
freedom  of  fpeech  and  behaviour,  oftener  to  be 
found  in  a  camp,  than  a  court  j  made  no  fcruple 
of  calling  things  by  their  own  names,  and  was 
a  great  leller  of  bargains  to  the  maids  of  ho- 
nour. It  is  faid  that  the  queen  offered  to  create 
him  an  earl,  when  he  lay  upon  his  death-bedj, 
and  that  he  refufed  the  honour  as  unfeafon- 
able  ■^. 

Great  OFFICERS  of  SCOTLAND. 

MATTHEWSTUA  P.T,  earl  of  Lenox, 
regent  of  Scotland.  His  portrait  is  with  lord 
Darnly's  cenotaph.    See  Clais  I. 

The  earl  of  Lenox,  father  of  lord  Darnly,' 
was  chofen  regent  in  1570.  His  abilities  were 
by  no  means  equal  to  the  government  of  a 
headftrong  and  fadious  people  during  a  mino- 
rity. He  was  murdered  by  queen  Mary's  fac- 
tion in  1571,  according  to  Dr.  Robertfon  j  ac- 
cording to  others,  in  1572. 

JAMES  earl  of  MORTON,    1581;   J. 

Houbraken  fc.  1740.     In  the  pcjjejfwn  of  the  earl  of 
Morion ;  Illuji.  Head. 

The  earl  of  Morton  was  chancellor  of  Scot- 
land  in  the  reign  of  Mary,  and  regent  of  that  Eiefied  re- 
kingdom  in  the  minority  of  James  VI,    He  was  B="'*57aj 
one  of  the  perfons  concerned  in  the  affaffination 

•  It  (hould  here  be  remembered,  that  the  laft  lord  Hunfdon* 
before  he  fucceeded  to  his  title,  was  bound  apprentice  to  the 
mean  trade  of  a  weaver;  fo  low  was  the  family  reduced.  But 
confidering  the  probability  of  his  becoming  a  peer,  he  betook 
himfelf  to  a  military  life,  and  rode  privately  in  the  guards,  I 
think  in  the  reign  of  Anne.  He  was  a  commiflion  officer,  before 
the  title  devolved  to  him. 

O2  of 


ig6  T  H  E    H  I  S  T  O  R  Y         Eli2.. 

of  Rizio,  and  Vv'as  afterwards  appointed  to  treat 
with  Elizabeth's  deputies,  concerning  the  rea- 
Tons  for  depofing  Mary.  He  looked  upon  his 
o^n  insereli:  as  infeparable  from  that  of  the 
queen  of  England,  to  whom  he  was  ever  firmly 
attached.  He  governed  Scotland  with  vigour 
and  dexterity;  but  his  government  has  been 
very  julUy  cenfured  as  opprefTivc  and  rapacious. 
He  was  fecure  while  he  held  the  regency,  bat 
Refigned,  vvas,  upou  his  rcfignation,  abandoned  to  the 
1578  9-  fLiry  of  his  enemies.     He  was  executed  for  the 

murder  of  lord  Darnly  ;  in  which  he  was  no 
otherwife  concerned,  than  in  being  privy  10  that 
atrocious  fact.   Beheaded  the  2d  of  June,  1581. 

Great  OFFICERS  of  IRELAND. 

HENRICUS  SYDNEIUS,  Eques  Au- 
ratus.     O^.  1586.     In  the  "  Heroologia^^   S!>vo. 

Sir  Henry  Sidney  was  the  fon  of  Sir  William 
Sidney,  a  gentleman  who  diftinguiihed  himfelf 
as  an  officer  by  fea  and  land,  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  Vlll.  to  whom  he  was  chamberlain  and 
Iteward.  His  mother  was  Mary  Dudley,  eldeft 
daughter  of  John,  earl  of  Warwick.  The  beauty 
of  his  perfon,  the  brightnefs  of  his  parts,  and 
the  politenefs  of  his  manners  were  confpicuous 
at  an  early  period,  and  highly  recommended 
him  to  Edward  VI.  with  whom  he  v/as  educat- 
ed. Whether  we  confider  him  as  a  gentleman, 
a  public  minifler  or  a  viceroy,  his  charader  is 
fhining,  and,  in  fome  inltances,  great.  His 
adminiflration  in  Ireland,  of  which  he  was  three 
times  a  lord  juflice,  and  four  times  deputy, 
fliews  how  worthy  he  was  of  his  viceroyalty,  and 
how  confummate  a  matter  cf  the  fcience  of  go- 
vernment. Though  he  was  of  a  gentle  nature, 
and  of  great  public  Ipirit,  he  knew  that  firm- 

nefs, 


Class  II.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  197 

nefs,  and  fometimes  feverity,  were  neceffary  to 
rule  a  fierce  and  yncivilized  people,  who  were 
far  from  being  totally  fubdued.  His  ftridnefs 
in  levying  the  cefs  impofed  upon  the  Irifh  ren- 
dered him  very  unpopular,  and  was  the  occa- 
fion  of  his  being  recalled  from  his  government. 
He  hath  modcftly  difplayed  his  own  charader, 
with  greater  advantage  than  any  other  hand  can 
draw  it,  in  his  letters,  publidied  with  many 
other  letters  of  his  illuftrious  family.  It  is  per- 
haps needlefs  to  inform  the  reader,  that  this 
great  man,  who  defcrves  to  be  much  better 
known,  was  father  of  Sir  Philip  Sidney. 

JOANNES    PERROT,    Prorex   Hber- 
niay  15841  yJ^^//4-'<7. 

The  head  is  prefixed  ro  an  anonymous  "  Hif- 
"  tory  of  his  government  in  Ireland,"  1626; 
4/^. 

Sir  John  Perrot,  was  fon  of  Sir  Thomas  Per- 
rot,  Gent,  of  the  bed-chamber  to  Henry  VIII. 
and  Mary,  daughter  to  James  Berkeley,  efq.  a 
lady  of  the  court  •,  who,  as  Sir  Robert  Naun- 
ton  tells  us,  "  was  of  the  king's  familiarity  i'* 
and  he  adds,  that  *'  if  his  pidure,  qualities, 
"  gefture,  and  voice,  be  compared  with  that 
"  king's,  they  will  plead  ftrongly  that  he  was 
*'  a  furreptitious  child  of  the  blood  royal." 

Henry,  upon  hearing  of  his  valour  in  a  ren- 
counter at  the  S^ews  in  Southwark,  fenr  for  him, 
and  promifed  him  preferment.  He  was  of  a 
fize  and  ftature  far  beyond  ordinary  men,  feems 
never  to  have  known  what  fear  was,  had  a  ter- 
rible afpeft  when  provoked,  and  diftinguifhed 
himfelf  in  all  martial  exerciies  more  than  any  of 
his  contemporaries.  He  was  employed  both  by 
fea  and  land  againft  Ireland  in  this  reign;  but 
O  3  in 


198  The    HISTORY         Eliz. 

in  fubduing  that  kingdom,  gave  too  great  a 
loofe  to  the  natural  ferocity  of  his  temper  ;  for 
which,  and  for  fomc  unguarded  exprelTions 
which  he  let  fall  againft  the  queen*,  he  was 
attainted,  and  died  in  the  Tower  in  a  few  months 
after  his  trial,  in  Sept.  1592.  Dr.  Swift  fays, 
in  the  preface  to  his  "  Police  Converfation,"  thac 
he  was  the  firft  that  fwore  by  G — s  W— s. 

ROBERT  DEVEREUX,  earlof  EfTex, 

was  appointed  lord  deputy  of  Ireland,   and  com- 
mander of  the  forces  in  that  kingdom,   1598-9. 

His  having  this  command,  was  entirely  cor- 
refpondent  to  the  willies  of  his  vigilant  and  art- 
ful enemies  who  foon  contrived  to  put  him 
upon  the  torlorn  hope.  See  the  firft  divifion  of 
this  ciafs. 

GUALTERUS  DEVEREUX,  comes 

Effexiae ;  in  the  "  Heroologia  ,"  Zvo, 

Cr.  earl,  Walter  Devereux,  earl  of  Eflex,  and  earl* 

^57a«  marfhal  of  Ireland,  was  father  of  Elizabeth's 

favourite.  He  diftinguifhed  himfelf  by  fup- 
preJling  a  rebellion  in  the  North,  which  was 
raifed  and  fupported  by  the  earls  of  Cumber- 
land and  Weftmoreland.  He  was  afterwards 
fent  to  chaftife  the  Irifli  rebels,  but  was  unfuc- 
cefsful  in  this  expedition,  as  he  was  crofled  in 
his  defigns  by  the  earl  of  Leicefter,  and  the 
]ord- deputy  Fitzwilliams.  He  died  of  a  dyfen- 
tery  at  Dublin,  the  22d  of  September,  1576',  not 
without  a  violent  fufpicion  of  poifon,  given  him 
by  the  procurement  of  the  earl  of  Leicefter, 

•  The  queen  having  fharply  reprimanded  him,  afterwards  fent 
him  a  foothing  letter  j  which  occafioned  his  faying,  "  Now  Ihe  is 
"  ready  tobepifs  herfelffor  fear  of  the  Spaniard,  I  am  again  one 

?*  of  her  white- boys." 

who 


Class  III.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  19^ 

who  was  foon  after  married  to  his  widow  *.— 
•'  The  Reporte  of  his  death"  is  inferted  by 
Hearne,  in  his  preface  to  "  Camdeni  Eliza- 
betha,"  fefb.  26.  from  which  copy  there  are  fe- 
veral  confiderable  variations  noted  in  "  Hemin- 
«'  gi,  Chartuiar.  Ecclef.  Wigorn."  publifhed  by 
Hearne,  p.  797. 

CLASS     III. 
PEERS. 

GEORGECLIFFORD,  earl  of  Cum- 

berland  j  a  head  in  a  fmall  oval;  fix  verfes  under- 
neath :  "  Like  Mars  in  valour ^'^  &c.  This  print 
appears  to  he  oldtr  than  any  other  that  I  have  feen  of 
him. 

Georgius  Clifford,  comes  Combrise.  In  tht 
"  Heroologia  "  %vo. 

George  Clifford,  &c.  Ro.  Va.  (Vaughan)  fc, 

£^tO. 

George  earl  of  Cumberland;  drejfed for  a 
tournament  \  curious;   R.  f'Vhite  fc.  h.Jh, 

George  Clifford,  Earl  of  Cumberland,  1585. 

h.  ft),  a  gcod  prints  without  the  name  of  the  painter  or 
engraver. 

George  Clifford,  earl  of  Cumberland,  the  cr.  1525. 
celebrated  adventurer,  was  one  of  thofc  gallant 
noblemen  who,  in  1588,  put  themfelves  on 
board  the  fleer,  to  oppjfe  the  Spanifh  Armada. 
He  made  no  lefs  than  eleven  voyages,  chiefly 
at  his  own  expence,  in  which  he  did  great  da- 
mage to  the  Spaniards,  and  eminent  fervice  to 
the  fl:ate  -,  but  greatly  impaired  his  own  fortune, 
Ob.  30.0a.  1605. 

•  Lettictf,  daughter  of  Sir  Francis  Knolles. 

O  A  FRANCIS 


20O  The   HISTORY  Eliz, 

FRANCIS  RUSSEL,  the  fecond  earl  of 
Bedford;  Ob.  1585.  J.  Houbraken  f.  1740.  In 
the  coUe^ion  of  the  duke  of  Bedford  -,  Illufi.  Head. 

Cr.  J54S.  The  earl  of  Bedford  fignalized  himfclf  at  the 

famous  battle  of  St.  Quintin,  in  the  reign  of 
Mary  ;  and  was  fent  ambaflador  into  France  and 
Scotland  by  Elizabeth.  He  founded  a  fchool 
at  Woburn  in  Bed  ford  Ih  ire,  and  two  fcholar- 
fnips  in  Univerfity  College,  Oxon. 

HENRICUS  HERBERTUS,  comes 
Pern.     In  the  "  Heroologia  -,"   '&vo. 

^r.  1551.  Henry  Herbert,  earl  of  Pembroke,  and  knight 

of  the  Garter,  was  much  in  favour  with  Eliza- 
beth, and  a  great  friend  and  patron  of  religion 
and  learning.  He  married  Mary,  the  accompliHi- 
ed  and  amiable  filler  of  the  celebrated  Sir  Philip 
Sidney,  who  furvived  him  many  years.  Ob, 
Jan.  19,  i6oo-i. 

AMBROSIUS  DUDLEIUS,   Comes 

Warwici ;  In  the '^^  Heroologia  \^^vo.     His  portrait 

is  at  Woburn  Abbey, 

Cf.  1562.  Ambrofe  Dudley,  earl  of  Warwick,  was  Ton 

of  John,  the  great  duke  of  Northumberland. 
Mary  had  fcarcely  afcended  the  throne,  when 
he,  together  with  his  father,  and  under  his  di- 
redion,  appeared  in  arms,  as  a  partifan  for 
lady  Jane  Gray.  He  was,  for  this  ad  of  re- 
bellion, attainted  and  condemned  to  die.  At 
the  acceffion  of  Elizabeth,  he  was  regarded  as 
one  of  the  ornaments  and  favourites  of  the 
court;  and,  in  the  fourth  year  of  her  reign,  was 
created  earl  of  Warwick.  He  was  a  man  of 
great  courage,  tempered  with  equal  prudence. 
At  the  battle  of  St.  Quintin  ^,  he  fignalized  him- 

*J557. 

felf 


Class  III.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  2oi 

felf  by  his  adive  bravery,  and  difplayed,  at  the 
fiege  of  New  Haven  *,  of  which  he  was  gover- 
nor, fuch  paffive  fortitude  as  none  are  capable 
of  but  great  minds.  He  was  long  fbut  up  in 
this  place  by  a  numerous  army;  but  held  it, 
with  invincible  firmnefs,  during  the  complicated 
miferies  of  war,  famine  and  peftilence,  till  he 
received  an  exprefs  command  from  Elizabeth  to 
furrender  it.  In  defence  of  this  forcrefs,  he  re- 
received  a  wound  in  his  leg,  of  which  he  long 
languifhed.  At  length  he  fubmitted  to  an  am- 
putation, which  put  an  end  to  his  life,  the  20th 
of  February,  1589,  about  the  fixtieth  year  of 
his  age.  There  is  a  fine  monument  of  him  in  a 
chapel  belonging  to  the  church  at  Warwick. 

JOHN   lord    HARRINGTON,  baron 
pf  JExton.     See  the  next  reign, 

A   SCOTCH    PEER. 

HAMILTON,    Comte  d'Arran;    Vander 
JVerffp.  P,  a  Gmfi  fc,  h.  Jh.     From  Larrefs  "  HiJ- 

tory.'' 

James,  the  third  earl  of  Arran,  and  eleventh 
duke  of  Chatelherault,  a  title  conferred  upon 
his  father  h?y  Francis  1.  was,  in  the  earlier  pare 
of  his  life,  the  mod  amiable  and  accompliflied 
gentleman  of  his  family.  In  1555,  he  went  to 
the  court  of  France,  then  the  gayeft  and  moft 
polilhed  in  Europe,  where  he  was  highly  in  fa- 
vour with  Henry  \\.  who  made  him  ^captain  of 
his  Scottifh  life-guards.  Here  he  was  firft  daz- 
zled with  the  charms  of  Mary  -,  but  he  regarded 
her  with  that  admiration  with  which  a  fubject 
beholds  his  lovereign.     As  his  father  had  been 


•  Since  univerfally  called  Havre  dc  Grace. 


regent 


202 


The    history  Eliz. 

regent  of  Scotland,  and  was,  upon  failure  of 
iflue  from  that  princefs,  declared  by  the  three 
eftates  of  the  kingdom  heir  to  the  crown,  his 
views  were  afpiring,  and  he  was  once  in  hopes 
of  gaining  queen  Elizabeth  in  marriage*. 
When  Mary  returned  to  her  native  country,  he 
conceived  the  llrongeft  pafllon  for  her ;  a  paf- 
fion  in  which  ambition  feems  to  have  had  little 
or  no  part ;  but  being  treated  with  coldnefs  and 
negled,  he  abandoned  himfelf  to  folitude  and 
indulged  his  melancholy,  which  brought  on  an 
almoft  tot?!-  deprivation  of  his  reafon,  and  cut 
Ihort  the  expe-dlations  of  his  friends  and  ad- 
mirers.    Ob.  1609. 


CLASS     IV. 

The    C   L    E    R    G    Y. 

ARCHBISHOPS,  and  BISHOPS. 

MATTH^US  PARKERUS,  archi- 
epifcopus  Cant.  U.  Holbein  p.  t  Vertuefc.  h.Jh. 

Matthew  Parker,  Archbifhop  of  Canter- 
bury, iEt.  70.  1573  ;  R'  Berg  (atms  Remigius 
Hogenberg  %)  f.  ^  A  book  is  open  before  him,  a  bell 
en  the  table,  arms  at  the  four  corners,  iimo.  Vertue 
thought  that  the  archbifhop' s  head  by  Hogenberg,  was 
thefirfi  portrait  engraved  in  England.  The  print  cor- 
refponds  with  an  illumination  in  the  original  copy  of 
the  Statutes  of  Corpus  Chrip  College  in  Cambridge, 

•  Dod,  in  his  "  Church  Hiitory,"  vol.  \\.  p.  31,  fays,  that  this 
earl  the  earl  of  Arundel,  and  Sir  William  Pickering,  "  were  not 
out  of  hopes  of  gaining  queen  Elizaberh's  affeaions  in  a  matri- 
monial way." 

+  Painted  before  he  was  archbilhop.  .      ,  •      ■  , 

X  This  engraver  and  Richard  Lyne  were  retained  in  the  arch- 
bilhop's  family.    The  latter  both  painted  and  engraved.    " 

^  done 


Class  IV.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  ao^ 

done  hy  Berg,  and  exadly  traced  off  and  etched  by  Mr. 
^yfon,  and  with  a  fainting  lately  in  the  poffejfion  of 
James  JVeJi,  efq.  hit  is  now  the  property  of  his  grace 
the  archbifhop  of  Canterbury.  It  is  extremely  probable 
that  this  portrait  was  done  by  Lyne^  who  was  an  artijl 
of  great  merit.  j 

Math^us  Parkerus.  In  the  "  Heroologia\^ 
^vo.    A  copy  in  Boiffard. 

Matth.s:us  Parkerus,  &c.  Decanus  Lincoln, 
fub  Edvardo  VI.  confec.  archiep.  Cant.  Dec.  17, 1559. 
Ob.  Maii  17,  1575;   R.  IVhitefc.  h.  Jh. 

Parker,  archeveque  de  Cantorberi ;  Vander 
Werffp.  P.  a  Gunjl  fc.  h.  fo. 

MATTHiEus  Parkerus,  &c.  1572,  Mt.  6^\ 
Vertue  fc.  h.fh. 

MatthtEus  Parkerus,  &c.  Vertue  fc.  1729. 
Frontifpiece  to  his  book  "  De  Antiqiiitate  Britannica 
"  Ecclefia^'  l^c,  publifhed  by  Dr.  Drake,  1729  •,/?/. 

Matthew  Parker,  the  fecond  proteftant  arch-  ^°^^"-  »7- 
bifhop  of  Canterbury,  was  a  (lri6t  difciplina-  "'  '^^^' 
rian,  and  exa6led  an  entire  conformity  to  the 
national  religion.  He  made  a  large  collection 
of  manufcripts  and  printed  books,  many  of 
which  belonged  to  abbies,  colleges,  and  cathe- 
dral churches,  before  the  Reformation.  They 
relate  chiefly  to  the  "  Hiftory  of  England,"  and 
were  given  by  him  to  the  library  of  Corpus 
Chrifti  College,  in  Cambridge.  He  loved  and 
patronized  the  arts ;  and  employed  a  painter 
and  two  engravers  in  his  palace  at  Lambeth.  Be- 
fides  the  above  mentioned  book,  he  publifhed 
the  "  Bifhops  Bible  *,"  and  feveral  of  the  bell 
of  the  old  Englifh  hiftorians  ;  namely,  Matthew 

•  Several  prelates  were  concerned  in  this  tranflation.  Mr. 
Selden  a  very  able  judge,  in  his  "  Table  Talk,"  pronounces 
the  Englifh  Bible,  including  this  and  king  James's  tranflation, 
the  belt  in  the  world,  ^nd  the  ncareft  to  the  fenfe  of  the  orif 
ginal. 

of 


204  TheHISTORY        Eliz. 

of  Wefi:minfter,  Matthew  Paris,  Afler,  and 
Walfingham.  He  tranflated  the  Pfalms  into 
Englifn  verfe.  It  fliould  alfo  be  remembered 
to  his  honour,  that  he  was  the  firft  founder  of 
the  Society  of  antiquaries  in  England.  The 
calumny  of  his  being  confccrated  at  the  Nag's- 
head,  has  been  abundantly  refuted.  Ob.  17 
May,  1575,  Mt.  72. 

EDMUNDUS  GRINDALLUS.     In 

the  **  Heroologia*'  Hvo. 

Edmundus  Grindallus,  Cantuar.  Archiepifc. 
jEt.  61,  1580;  M.  Vandergucht  fc.  h.JIs.  "^  Another 
without  the  engraver's  name, 

Confec-  Edmund  Grindal  f ,  a  very  learned  and  pious 

^^^^'  reformer  of  our  church,  was  in  the  reign  of 
Mary,  one  of  the  exiles  for  religion  in  Ger- 
many, where  he  diligently  collefted  materials 
for  a  Martyrology,  and  greatly  aflifted  John 
Fox  in  compiling  his  laborious  work.  Upon 
the  acceffion  of  Elizabeth  he  returned  to  Eng- 
land, and  was  appointed  one  of  the  public  dif- 
putants  againft  popery.  He  had  not  fat  long  in 
the  chair  of  Canterbury,  before  he  was  fufpend- 
ed  for  not  fupprcfllng  the  public  theological 
exercifes  called  prophecyings,  which  his  con- 
fcience  told  him  (hould  have  been  encouraged 
and  fupported.  It  is  recorded  of  him  that  he 
firft  brought  the  tamarifc  into  England.  Ob.  6. 
July,  1583,^/.  63. 

•There  is  a  fmall  head  of  him,  among  many  other  little  cop- 
per prints  of  Enghfh  divines,  in  Fuller's  "  Abel  redivivus." 

f  Grindal  is  the  Algrind  of  Spencer,  which  is  the  anagram  of 
his  name;  and  the  Morrel  of  Spencer  is  bifliop  Elmer's  name  ana- 
grammatized,  with  iome  variation.  It  was  pronounced  as  it  is 
here  written.  See  Upton's  Preface  to  his  edition  of  "  The  Faerie 
♦*  Queen,"  p.  xiii.  So  fays  the  Gloflary  to  the  edition  of  1679. 

JOHN 


Class  IV.      of   ENGLAND.  205 

JOHN  WHITGIFT,  archbiOiop  of  Can- 

terbury;  a  wooden  print:  before  his  ^'  Life"  by  Sir 

George  Paul,  1612 ',  ^.'o. 

Joannes  Whitgiftus.     In  I  he  ^' Heroologia.'* 

dvo. 

John  Whitgift-,  24/(7. 

John   Whitgift,  &c.  R.  White  fc.    Frontif- 
piece  to  his  "  Life''  by  Sir  G.  Paul,  1 699  ;  8vo. 
Johannes  Whitgift.  &c.     Vertue  fc.    1717; 

h.fh. 

Archbilhop  Whitgift  fucceeded  Grindal,  ^r.^f^J^ 
whofe  lenity  in  the  execution  of  the  ecclefiafti-  oa.  1583. 
cal  laws,  gave  great  offence  to  the  queen.  This 
prelate's  temper,  whi:h  was  naturally  warm, 
had  been  much  heated  by  controverfy.  He  was 
therefore  thought  a  proper  perfon  to  put  the 
penal  ftatutes  in  execution,  againft  all  that  dif- 
fented  from  the  eftablilhcd  church  *.  At  his 
perfuaGon,  Elizabeth  appointed  a  new  eccle- 

•  If  we  confider  the  illiberal,  petulant,  and  fciirrilous  language, 
lavifhed  by  the  Paritans  upon  this  prelate,  and  the  chuich,  we 
fhall,  perliaps,  think,  that  he  did  well  to  be  angry  ;  and  that  it 
•was  neceflary  to  curb  tlii-.  heaiJftrong  people.  Tlie  following 
paffage  taken  from  a  pamphlet  entitled  '*  A  requeft  from  all  true 
"  Chriftians  to  the  Honourable  Houfe  of  Parliament,"  publilhed 
in  1586,  in  a  fpecimen  of  the  licentious  ftyle  and  (pirit  of  the  Pu- 
titaiis  in  the  age  of  Elizabeth.  Among  other  things,  "  it  prays, 
"  that  all  cathedral  churches  may  be  put  down;  where  the  fer-  ; 

•'  vice  of  God  is  grievoufly  abuled  by  piping  with  organs,  fing- 
"  ing,  ringing,  and  trowling  of  Pfalms  from  one  fide  of  the  choir 
*•  to  anotlier;  with  the  fque.nking  of  chanting  chorifters,  dif- 
*'  guifed  (as  all  the  reft)  in  white  furplices  ;  fome  in  corner  caps 
•*  and  filthy  copes,  imitating  the  fafhion  and  manner  of  anti- 
*'  chrift  the  Pope  f,  that  man  of  fin,  and  child  of  perdition,  with 
"  his  other  rabble  of  mifcreants  and  (havelings.  Thefe  unpro- 
•'  fitable  drones,  or  rather  caterpillars  of  the  world,  confume 
*•  yearly,  fome  2,500,  fome  3,000  I.  fome  more  fome  iefs,  whereof 
"  no  profit  Cometh  to  the  church  of  God.  They  are  the  dens  of 
*'  idle  loitering  lubbards,  the  harbours  of  rime-ferving  hypocrites, 
"  whofe  prebends  and  livings  belong,  fome  to  gentlemen,  fome 
•'  to  boys,  and  fome  to  lerving  men,  &c." 

•f-  The  appelljtion  of  the  Engiifh  Pope  was  romtiimes  given  to  Whitgift, 
and  that  of  Popelings  to  the  inferior  clergy, 

fiafticaj 


^o6  The  HISTORY         Eli^* 

fiaftical  commiflion ;  which  was  not  only  autho- 
rifed  to  hear  and  determine  all  caufes  that  came 
under  their  jurifdi6lion,  but  was  alfo  armed  with 
an  inquifitorial  power,  to  force  any  one  to  con- 
fefs  what  he  knew,  and  to  punifh  him  at  dif- 
cretion.     It  (hould  be  obferved  here,  to  the  ho- 
nour of  this  very  worthy   man,   for   fuch   he 
will  appear  to  be  upon  a  candid  examination 
of  his  character,  that  he  was  "  the  great  reftorer 
of  order  and  difcipline  in  the  univerfity  of  Cam- 
bridge,   when   deeply    wounded,    and    almoft 
funk;*'  and  that,  for  his  fake,  the  falary  of  the 
Lady  Margaret's  ProfelTorfhip  was  raifed  from 
twenty  marks  to  twenty  pounds  *.     It  is  wor- 
thy of  remark,   that  lord  Bacon  fludied  under 
him,   when   he   was  at  Trinity  College.     He 
publiflied  feveral  polemical  pieces  againft  Cart- 
wright.     0^.  29  Feb.  1605. 

EDWYNUS  SANDYS.  In  the  «  i/^- 
"  roologia  •,"  ^vo. 

Edwynus  Sandys.  In  the  "  Continuation  of 
•'  Boijfard',''  6,to. 

Dr.  Sandes  -,  fmall  ^.to.    In  darkens  "  Lives.** 

Tr.  from  Edwyn  Sandys,  archbifliop  of  York,  was  one 

^^jtjl  ^^  the  exiles  in  the  reign  of  Mary,   and  a  very 

great  inftrument  in  the  Reformation.  In  the 
firll  year  of  Elizabeth,  he  was  appointed  one 
of  the  managers  of  the  public  conference  held 
with  the  moft  eminent  divines  of  the  church  of 
Rome.  He  was  one  of  the  tranflators  of  the 
Bible  in  this  reign,  and  the  author  of  a  volume 
of  fermons  f .     His  fon  Edwyn,  author  of  the 

•  See  the  Catalogue  of  Margaret  Profeflbrs,  by  Mr.  Thomae 
Baker,  printed  with  the  Lady  Margaret's  Funeral  Sermon. 

t  In  the  <«  Life  of  Tillotfon"  by  Birch,  Sandys's  fermons  arc 
faid  to  be  "  perhaps  fupejior  to  any  of  his  contemporaries." 

««  Europac 


Class  IV.      of  ENGLAND.  207 

"  Europas  Speculum,"  and  George,  the  fa- 
mous poet  and  traveller,  are  well  known  by 
their  writings.  The  prefent  lord  Sandys  is  des- 
cended from  him.  Ob.  10  July,  1588'^.  See 
"  Biographia." 

Dr.  MATTHEW  HUTTON,  archbilhop 
of  York.    See  the  next  reign. 

JOHN  AYLMER,  biHicp  of  London ;  R. 
White  fc.  Frontijpiece  to  his  "  Life"*'  by  Strype, 
1 701;   ^vo. 

I  am  informed  that  there  are  two  portraits  of  Bi- 
fhop  Aylmer  at  Leek  Hill,  in  Worcejlerfhire,  the  feat 
of  John  Folliot,  efq^.  and  that  one  of  them  was  done 
when  he  was  preceptor^  the  other  in  a  very  advanced 
(ige^  and  that  the  latter  reprefents  him  in  his  rochet. 

This  learned  prelate,  who  had  the  felicity,  confec.  24. 
and  I  may  add  the  glory,  of  being  preceptor  ^"'  '576- 
to  the  lady  Jane  Grey,  was  one  of  the  exiles  for 
religion,  in  the  reign  of  Mary.  During  his 
refidence  in  Switzerland,  he  afTifled  John  Fox 
in  tranflating  his  Martyrology  into  Latin,  and 
wrote  a  fpirited  anfwer  to  Knox's  *'  Firft  Blaft 
"  of  the  Trumpet,  againft  the  monftrous  Re- 
"  gimentand  Empire  of  Women  :"  a  pamphlet, 
not  only  remarkable  for  its  infolence  in  refpedt 

*  sir  Robert  Stapleton,  a  gentleman  of  confidersble  figure  in 
tliis  reign,  who  was  for  fome  time  upon  a  very  friendly  footing 
with  archbifhop  Sandys,  contrived  to  bring  a  falfe  accufation  of 
adultery  againft  him.  The  ground  of  his  inveteracy  was  a  jeft  of 
the  archbifliop's  upon  the  following  occafion.  The  knight  car- 
ried him  to  fee  a  very  fumptnous  houfe  which  he  was  building  in 
Yorkfliire,  and  afked  him  after  he  had  feen  it,  whether  lie  would 
have  him  call  it  '*  Stapleton's  ftay  5"  rather  give  me  leave  to  fay 
*'  ftay  Stapluton,"  replied  tne  archbilhop;  for  the  building  of 
this  houfe  will  be  the  ruin  of  your  fortune.  Seetheftory  at  large, 
in  Sir  John  Harington's  "  Briefe  View  of  the  State  of  the  Church 
*'  of  England,"  and  Le  Neve's  "  Lives."  See  alfo  Drake's  "  An- 
«*  tiq.  of  York." 

of 


2o8  The    HISTORY  Eli?. 

of  the  fubje^l  *,  but  alfo  for  the  acrimony  of 
ftyle  which  diftinguifhes  the  works  of  that  tur- 
bulent reformer.  The  zeal  and  afliduity  of  this 
bifhop  in  maintaining  the  dodrine  and  difci- 
pline  of  the  church  of  England,  recommend- 
ed him  to  the  particular  favour  of  queen  Eli- 
zabeth. It  was  ufual  with  him,  when  he  faw 
occafion  to  roufe  the  attention  of  his  audience 
to  his  fermons,  to  take  a  Hebrew  Bible  out  of 
his  pocket,  and  read  them  a  few  verfes,  and 
then  to  refume  his  difcourfe.  Strype  tells  us 
in  his  "  Life,"  among  other  inftances  of  his 
courage,  that  he  had  a  tooth  drawn  to  encou- 
rage the  queen  to  fubmit  to  the  like  operation^ 
Ob.  3  June,  1594. 

JOANNES  JUELLUS,  epifc.  In  the 
"  Heroologia  j"  81;^. 

Johannes  Juellus.  In  the  "  Continuation  of 
«  Boijfard-;'  ^to. 

John  Juell  24/^. 

John  Jevell  {Jlw ell) ybijhop  of  Salijhury,  &c» 
i2mo. 

Johannes  Jewell,  &c.  Frontifpiece  to  his 
"  Apology,"  together  wiih  his  "  Life,  made  Englifh 
"  by  a  perfon  of  ^ality^^  16S5  ;  ^vo. 

Johannes  Jewelliits  -,  ^t.a^o^  Vertuefc.  hfh, 

J.  Jewel,  &c.  with  feveral  other  fmall  heads  by 
Vertue.  Before  the  '-'•  Abridgment  of  Burnet's  Hiji. 
**  of  the  Reformation ;"   i  imo. 

Confer.  This  excellent  prelate  was  one  of  the  greateft 

i5s"9-6o.         champions  of  the  reformed  religion  -,  as  he  was  to 

the  Church  of  England  what  Bellarmine  was  to 

that  of  Rome.  His  admirable  "  Apology"  for  the 

national  church  was  tranflated  from  the  Latin^ 

*  Written  againft  the  queens  of  England  and  Scotland. 

bv 


CtASS  IV.       6  F   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  209 

by  Anne,  the  fecond  of  the  four  learned  daugh- 
ters of  Sir  Anthony  Coke,  and  mother  of  Sir 
Francis  Bacon.  It  was  publiflied^  as  it  came 
from  her  pen,  in  1564,  with  the  approbation 
of  the  queen  and  the  prelates.  The  fame 
"  Apology"  was  printed  in  Greek  at  Conftan- 
tinople,  under  the  direcflion  of  Cyril  the  patri- 
arch, who  was  murdered  by  the  Jefuits  *. 

Bifhop  Jewel's  "  Defence  of  his  ov/n  Apo- 
*^  logy  againft  Harding,  and  other  Popilh  Di- 
"  vines,"  was  in  fo  great  efteem,  that  it  was  com- 
manded by  Elizabeth,  James  I.  and  Charles  I. 
and  four  fucceffive  archbilliops,  to  be  kept 
chained  in  all  parifh  churches,  for  public  ufe* 
He  had  the  moll  extraordinary  memory  of  any 
man  of  his  age,  being  able  to  repeat  a  fermon 
of  his  own  compofing,  after  once  reading. 

GERVASE  BABINGTON,  bifhop  of 
Worcefter.     See  the  next  reign. 

A     SCOTCH    PRELATE. 

LESLEY,  eveque  de  RofTe ;  Vander  Werff 
/).  P.  a  Gunfl  fc.  h.  JJj. 

John  Lefley  bifhop  of  Rofs  was  one  of  the 
commifTioners  from  the  queen  of  Scots  in  the 
conferences  held  at  York,  and  Hampton  Court, 
in  relation  to  the  crimes  of  which  Ihe  was  loudly 
accufed  by  her  own  fubje(5ls.  In  1570,  he  de- 
livered a  remonflrance  to  Eliziibeih,  complain- 
ing that  Mary  was  unjufHy  removed  from  her 
crown  and  kingdom.  He  entered  into  all  the 
intrigues  for  the  recovery  of  the  liberty  of  that 
unhappy  princefs  j  and  in  1571,  was  imprifon- 

•  Ricaut's  "  Tiirkilh  Hift."  p.  1491, 

Vol.  LP  ^^ 


2IO  The    history         Eliz. 

ed  for  confpiring  with  the  duke  of  Norfolk  and 
others,  againft  the  queen.  He  completed  the 
ertabJiihment  of  a  college  for  his  countrymen 
in  Paris,  and  began  another  foundation  of  the 
like  kind  at  Rome  :  he  left  a  large  fum  towards 
the  building  and  endowment  of  a  third  college, 
which  was  begun  at  Antwerp,  but  never  com- 
pleted. The  fmall  lociety  which  belonged  to 
the  laft,  in  a  few  years,  left  Antwerp,  and 
fettled  at  Douay  *.  His  principal  work  is 
his  book  "  De  Origine,  Moribus,  et  Rebus 
"  geftis  Scotoium,  Rom.  1578;"  410.  He 
alfo  wrote,  among  other  things,  an  anfwer  to 
a  pamphlet  written  by  John  Hales,  in  order 
to  prove  that  the  houle  of  Suffolk  had  a 
right  to  the  crown,  if  Elizabeth  fnould  die 
without  ifTne. 

DIGNITARIES  of  theCHURCH,  and 
inferior  CLERGYMEN. 

ALEXANDER  NOWELLUS.    In  the 

"  Heroologia ;   2>vo. 

Alexander  Novvel,  Dr.  in  Divinity,  dean 
of  St.  Paul's  in  London,  -patron  of  Midditton  fchool. 
He  gave  to  Brazen  Ncfe  College  200I.  10  maintain 
thirteen  fiudents ;    i  imo. 

Alexander  Nowel,  D.  D.  cap,  furred  gown -, 
fmalL 

There  is,  or  was,  a  portrait  of  him  at  Brazen 
Koic  College  in  Oxford,  with  nlhing- tackle 
about  him. 

Dr.  Nowel  wrote  fcveral  tracts  againft  popery, 
inftaiied  and  was  alfo  author  of  two  tatechifms,  one  in 

*  ***•  *s  <=•      ^^Q^  jj^g  other  m  8vo.      1  he  latter,  is  in  Latin, 

•  Dod.  ii.  p.  41. 

Greek> 


Class  IV.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  in 

Greek,  and  Hebrew.  He  colledted  many  of 
the  ancient  manufcripts  which  were  in  the  Cot- 
ton Library,  and  are  now  in  theBritifh  Mufeum. 
Ob.  Feb.  13,  1 60 1. 

LAUREENTIUS  HUMFREDUS.  In 

the  *'  Heroologid  ;**  ?>vo. 

Laurentius  Humfredus  ;  a  copy  ;  fmall. 

Laurence  Humphrey,  one  of  the  greatefl: 
divines,  and  moH:  general  Icholars  of  this  age, 
was  a  voluntary  exile  for  religion,  in  the  reign 
of  Mary.  Upon  the  acceiTiOn  of  Elizabeth,  he 
returned  to  England,  and  was,  in  1560,  ccn- 
ftituted  the  queen's  profeiTor  of  divinity,  and 
the  next  year  elefled  prefident  of  Magdalen 
College  in  Oxford.  He  was  afterwards  fuc- 
ceflively  dean  of  Glocefter  and  Winchefter, 
which  was  the  higheft  preferment  he  held  in  the 
church.  He  would  probably  have  been  railed 
much  higher,  had  he  been  lefs  zealous  for  the 
principles  of  the  non-conformifts,  which  he  im- 
bibed at  Geneva.  When  Elizabeth  vifited  the 
univerfity,  he  and  bilhop  Jewel  entertained  her 
with  a  public  theological  difputation.  His  ele- 
gant Latin  oration  fpoken  before  that  princefs 
at  Woodftock,  is  in  print  ^.  He  was  author 
of  one  or  two  philological  pieces  in  Latin  ;  but 
the  generality  of  his  writings  are  on  fubjed:s  of 
controverfy  f.     Ob.  Feb.  i,  1589. 

JOANNES    RAINOLDUS.     In  the 

*'  Heroologia ;"  8t'c. 

His  portrait  is,   or  was   in  the  Bodleian   li- 
brary.    See  Hcarne's  account  of  the  pidures 

•  It  begins,  Eloquar,  an  fileam  ?  Virc. 
f  See  Aihen.  Oxon. 

P  2  there 


212  The    history 


-LIZ. 


there It   was  remarked  a   few  years  ago, 

by  a  gentleman  of  nice  obfervation,  who  was 
well  acquainted  with  this  portrait,' that  there 
was  a  (Irong  likenefs  of  Dr.  Rainolds  then  re- 
maining in  fome  of  the  family  in  Devonfhire* 

John  KAi\iOhT>s,  %  four  Englijh  vcrfes ;  izmo. 
Johannes  Rainoldus,  &c. 

"  Cum  vibrat  dodas  Rainoldus  fulmina  lin- 

"  Romanus  trepidat  Jupiter,  et  merito"^." 

In  the  Continuation  of  Boiffard ;  4/^. 

John  Rainolds,  prefident  of  Corpus  Chrifti 
College  in  Oxford,  was  generally  repured  the 
greatell  fcholar  of  his  age  and  country.  He  not 
only  digefted,  but  alfo  remembered  what  he 
read,  and  hardly  knew  what  it  was  to  forget. 
He  was  in  polemics  efteemed  a  match  for  Bel- 
larmine,  the  Goliah  of  the  church  of  Rome, 
who  bid  defiance  to  armies  of  divines ;  and 
fcarce  yielded  to  any  of  his  contemporaries  in 
any  other  branch  of  fcience.  Hakewill  ftyles 
him  a  living  library,  or  third  univerfity.  He 
was  made  dean  of  Lincoln  in  1593  ;  but  foon 
exchanged  his  deanery  for  the  prcfidentfhip  of 
Corpus  Chrifti  College.  See  his  charadter  in 
Sir  Ifaac  Wake*s  -f  Latin  oration,  fpoken  at 
his  funeral  in  St.  Mary's  Church,  25  May,  1607; 
or  the  tranflation  of  it,  in  Fuller's  "  Abel  Re- 
■*'  divivus." 

*  The  reader  is  to  underftand  by  thefe  verfes,  the  thunder 
which  he  hurled  againlt  Bellarmine,  from  the  profeffor's  chair. 

•f  Sir  Ifaac  Wake  was  an  elegant  fcholar,  and  no  mean  orator  : 
but  James  1.  thought  Sleep  of  Cambridge  much  fuperior  to  him  ; 
which  occafioned  bis  faying,  "  That  he  was  inclined  to  fleep, 
"  when  he  heard  Wake,  and  to  wake,  when  he  heard  Sleep." 

G  U  L  I- 


Class  IV.       of   ENGLAND.  213 

GULIELMUS  WHITAKERUS.     In 
the  "  Heroologia  ;  ^vo, 

GuLiELMus  Whitakerus.    In  the  Continuation 
ofBoiJfard;  ^fo. 

William  Whitacres  (Whitaker)^   Mar- 
fiall  fc.  fmalL   In  Fuller's  "  Holy  State."" 

Will.  Whitaker;  24^^?. 

The  right  learned  divine  Wm.  Whitaker,  of 
Trinity  College  in  Cambridge,  and  majler  of  St.  John's 
College  there.  He  wrote  many  learned  books  againji 
thefe  Englifh  friefts,  Stapleton^  Sanders,  Reignolds  *, 
and  Campian ;  as  alfo  againji  that  great  arch-jefuit 
Robert  Bellarmine.  He  lived  godly,  was  painful  in 
preaching,  and  died  peaceably,  1595.  Sold  by  Stent -, 
^to. 

'There  is  a  portrait  of  him  at  St.  John^s  College,  in 
Cambridge,  much  like  the  print  in  the  "  Heroologia." 

Dr.  Whitaker  was  prefented  by  the  queen  to 
the  chancellorfhip  of  St.  Paul's,  London  the  i  ft  of 
Oft.  1580  He  refigned  this  preferment  in  1587. 
It  was  a  maxim  with  him,  that  refrefhing  the 
memory  was  a  matter  of  great  importance  in 
every  kind  of  learning,  butefpecially  in  the  moft 
ufeful  parts  of  it.  He  therefore  read  over  his 
grammar  and  logic  once  every  year. 

THOMAS  B  £  C  O  N  U  S,  &c.   ^t.  49, 

1560.  On  the  back  of  the  tide  to  his  works,  printed 
by  John  Day,  1564;"  fol. 

I  am  informed  that  there  is  a  fmall  head  of  him  on 
the  back  cf  his  "  Reliques  cf  Rome ;'''  in  12 ?;?(?,  and 
that  it  reprefents  hi)n  in  the  ^iji year  of  his  age,  and 
is  dated  1553. 

Thomas  Beconus.     In  the  '*  Heroologia  ;"  Svo. 

•  Sic  Orig. 

P  ^  Thomas 


214  The    HISTORY         Eliz, 

Thomas  Beacpn  was  profefTor  of  divinity  at 
Oxford"^,  in  the  reign  of  Ftiward  VI.  In  the 
next  reign,  he  retired  into  Germany,  whence 
he  wrote  a  confolatory  epiftle  to  the  perfecuted 
proteftancs  in  England.  His  works,  which  are 
all  in  Englidi,  except  his  book  •'  De  Coena  Do- 
*'  mini,"  are  in  three  vols.  fol.  He  was  the  firfb 
Engljfhrnan  that  wrote  againft  bowing  at  the 
name  of  Jefus-j-.  He  had  no  higher  prefer- 
ment in  the  church  than  a  prebend  of  Canter- 
bury, to  which  he  was  promoted  in  this  reign. 

HUGH  PRICE;   Virtue fc.h.Jh, 

Hugh  Price,  or  ap  Rice,  prebendary  of  Ro° 
chefter,  and  treafnrer  of  St.  David's,  left  i6o  1. 
a  year  to  Jefus  College  in  Oxford,  for  which 
donation  he  is  fometimes  ftyled  the  founder. 

Oh.  1574. 

DAVID  WHIT  EH  ET  (Whithead, 
or  Whitehead).    In  the  "  Heroologia\^  Svo,    -'■ 

David  Whitehead,  ftyled  by  Mr.  Wood, 
««  a  moft  heavenly  profeffor  of  divinity,"  was 
Ibme  time  chaplain  to  Anne  Bolen.  In  the  reign 
of  Mary,  he  went  into  voluntary  exile  in  Ger- 
many, and  upon  the  acceffion  of  Elizabeth,  re- 
turned to  England.  He  had  a  hand  in  the  third 
edition  of  the  Liturgy,  publijfhed  in  1559  -,  and 
was  one  of  the  public  difputants  againft  the  po- 
pifli  biftiops.     He  never  had  any  confiderable 

•  So  fays  the  aiitlior  of  the  "  Heroologia  ;"  but  Bifliop  Tanner 
fays  that  he  was  educated  at  Cambridge. 

-f-  It  is  probable  that  he  was  not  the  author  of  a  Treatife  againft 
bowing  at  the  name  of  Jefus,  as  it  is  not  fpecified  in  the  lift  of 
his  works  by  Holland,  nor  by  bifliop  Tanner.  Wood  mentions 
a  J  erfon  of  both  his  names,  as  the  author  of  fuch  a  Treatife.  See 
Athen.  Oxon.  i.  col.  400.  He  was  dowbtlefs  a  prebendary  of  Can- 
terbury ;  but  is  by  Battely,  and  le  Neve  after  him,  called  Tho- 
mas Bacon. 

prefer- 


Class  IV.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  215 

preferment  in  the  church  -,  but  might  have  been 
preferred  to  the  archbifhopric  of  Canterbury, 
or  the  mafterfhip  of  the  Savoy,  both  which 
were  offered  him  by  the  queen  :  but  he  was  con- 
tent with  deferving  dignities.  His  works  con- 
fiH  of  "  Le6lions  and  Homilies  on  St.  Paul's 
"  Epillles,"  and  of  feveral  trafts  relating  to 
church-difcipline  and  vvorfhip*.    Oh.  1571. 

EDVARDUS  DERINGUS.     In  the 

"  Hcroologia  \   Zvo, 

Edward  Bering,  fellow  of  Chrift's  College 
in  Cambridge,  was  of  the  family  of  that  name 
ftill  remaining  at  Surrenden  Bering  In  Kent. 
He  was  a  very  eminent  preacher  at  court  in  this 
r-^ign,  and  one  of  the  preachers  at  St.  Paul's. 
His  principal  works  are  his  '  Anfwer  to  Har- 
*'  ding,"  his  "  Ledures  on  the  Epiftle  to  the 
*'  Hebrews,"  and  his  "  Sermons."  The  hap- 
py death  of  this  truly  religious  man,  was  fuit- 
able  to  the  purity  and  integrity  of  his  life  -j-. 
Oh.  26  June,  1576. 

Dr.  F  U  L  K  E  ;  tzvo  Engli/h  verfes;   i  imo. 
GuL.  FuLco,  5.  T,  P,  Mar  ft:  all  jc.  h.jh.     Frcn- 
tifpiece  to  his  "  Ns%'j  Tejiameni  ;''  foi. 

Dr.  Puike,  madcr  of  Pembroke  Hall  in  Cam- 
bridge, gained  a  great  reputation  by  his  writ- 
ings againft  cardinal  Alien,  and  his  "  Con- 
**  futation  of  Hcil^ins,  Sanders,  and  Raftell, 
three  pillars  of  papery  i"  publiflied  in  J559,  8vo. 

•  Lord  Bacon  informs  us  "  that  he  was  of  a  blunt  ftoical  na- 
**  tare,"  and  tbat  "  he  came  one  day  to  the  queen,  and  the  queen 
"  happened  to  fay  to  him,  "  I  like  rliee  the  better.  Whitehead,  be- 
«•  caufe  thou  liveit  unmarried."  He  anlwered.  "  Jn  troth,  ma- 
«<  dam,  I  like  you  the  worfe  for  the  fame  caufe."  Bacon's  Apo- 
j.lithegms,  No.  90. 

f  See  Holland's  "  Heroologia." 

P4  In 


Ii6  The    HISTORY        Eliz. 

In  1589,  the  year  in  which  he  died,  he  publifh- 
ed  the  text  of  the  Rhemifh  and  Englifli  Tefta- 
ments  together,  in  folio,  in  order  to  expofe  the 
falfe  tranflations  and  errors  of  the  former.  He 
was,  for  a  confiderable  time,  a  warm  advocate 
for  the  principles  of  the  non-conformifts ;  as 
were  alfo  Rainolds,  Humphrey,  and  other  cele- 
brated divines  at  this  period,  who,  in  procefs  of 
time,  got  the  better  of  their  prejudices,  and 
made  a  near  approach  to  the  dodrine  and  dif- 
cipline  of  the  eftablilhed  church. 

THOMAS   HOLLANDUS.     In  the 

f«  Heroologia-y'  %vo, 

Thomas  Holland  was  reftor  of  Exeter  Col- 
lege in  Oxford,  and  fucceeded  Dr.  Laurence 
Humphrey  in  the  divinity  profeflbr's  chair,  in 
that  univerfity,  which  he  filled  with  great  abi- 
lities for  about  twenty  years.  None  of  his  works 
are  in  print.     Ob.  March  17,  161 1-2. 

RICHARD  HOOKER,  &c.  Hollarf. 
From  h'ljhop  Sparrow's  "  Rationale  of  the  Common 
Prayer \'  izmo, 

"  RicHARDUs  Hooker,  Exonienfis,  fcho- 
*'  laris,  fociufque  Collegii  Corporis  Chrifti, 
"  Oxon.  deindc  Lond'.  Templi  Interioris  in 
*'  facris  magifter,  rcftorque  hujus  Ecclefiae  *. 
"  Scripfic  odolibros  Politiae  Ecclefiafticae  Ang- 
^'  licanse,  quorum  tres  defiderantur.  Obiit 
«  An.  Do.  MDCIII.  JEt.  fuae  L.  Pofuit  hoc 
"  piiffimo  viro  '  monumentum,  An^.  Do. 
«  MDCXXXV.  Guli.  Cowper,  f  armiger,  in 
'^  Chrifto  Jefu  quern  genuit  per  Evangelium  ; 

*  Of  Biftiop's  Bourne  in  Kent,  where  his  monument,  froni 
vwhich  this  print  was  done,  is  ftill  entire. 

f  Afterwards  Sir  William  Cowper,  Bart,  who  was  grandfather 
to  the  Lord  Chancelloro 

«  I  Co- 


Class  IV.       o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  217 

"  I  Corinth.  4.  15.'*  Guil.  Faithorne  fc.  Fron- 
iifp.  to  his  IVorks.  'The  bejl  proofs  are  before  one 
of  the  old  editions  of  his  *'  Ecclcfiafiical  Polity  y*  in 
five  hooks  -,  the  others  are  from  a  retouched  plate. 

Richard  Hooker  was  fome  time  mafter  of  the 
Temple,  and  afterwards  redor  of  Bilhop's 
Bourne  in  Kent.  His  "  Ecclefiaftical  Polity,'* 
which  is  a  defence  of  our  church-goyernment 
againft  the  cavils  of  the  puritans,  is  written  with 
a  clafllc  fimplicity,  and  efteemed  one  of  the 
completeft  works,  both  for  flyle  and  argu- 
ment, of  the  age  in  which  he  lived,  or  any 
other.  Queen  Elizabeth  ufed  to  call  him  the 
judicious  Hooker^  by  which  epithet  he  is  dill  dif- 
tinguifhed.  Ifaac  Walton,  who  publiihed  a 
well  written  account  of  the  life  of  this  excellcnc 
but  humble  man,  has  proved  the  dates  of  his 
death  in  Camden,  and  on  his  monument,  to  be 
both  wrong.  Oh,  2  Nov.  1600.  Jewel,  Rai- 
nolds,  and  Hooker,  were  of  C.  C.  C.  in  Ox- 
ford ;  which  had  the  glory  of  fupplying  the 
church  with  three  contemporary  divines,  who 
were  not  to  be  equalled  in  any  focicty  in  the 
world. 

JOHANNES  MORUS.    In  the '' Horoo- 

Ipgia  \'  Qvo.    Long  and  large  heard. 

Johannes  Morus,  Eboracenfis,  theol.  et  phi- 
lol.   Oh.    1592.      In  the  Continuation  of  Boiffard -, 

j\.t0. 

Johannes  Morus,  S.  theo.  prof.  4/1?. 

This  worthy  perfon  was  about  twenty  years 
minifter  of  St.  Andrew's  in  Norwich  -,  where  he 
was  held  in  great  venerarion  for  his  general 
knowledge  in  the  fciences,  his  exa6l  (kill  in  the 
learned  languages,  and  above  all,  for  his  ex- 
tenfive  learning,  and  indefatigable  labours,   as 

a  divine. 


2i8  The    HISTORY        Eliz. 

a  divine.  He  conftantly  preached  thrice  every 
Sunday,  and  was  much  admired  for  his  excel- 
lent talent  that  way.  He  refufcd  very  confider- 
able  preferments,  which  would  have  been  at- 
tended with  Icfs  labour  than  h;S  cure  at  Nor- 
wich, only  becaufe  he  thought  he  could  be  more 
ufeful  in  that  city.     Ob.  1592. 

Mr.  HENRY  SMITH,  preaching-,  Crofs 
fc.  Frontifpiece  to  his  Sermons,  with  other  learned 
treatifes',  /\to. 

*There  is  another  /^to.  print  of  him  without  the  en- 
gravir*s  name. 

Henry  Smith,  fome  time  minifler  of  St.  Cle- 
ment Danes,  London,  and  one  of  the  moft  po- 
pular preachers  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  was 
patronized  by  lord  Burleigh,  to  whom  he  dedi- 
cated his  Sermons,  which  have  been  feveral 
times  printed.  He  was  ulually  called  the  filver- 
tongued  preacher,  as  though  he  were  fecond  to 
Chryfoitom,  to  whom  the  epithet  of  golden  is 
appropriated     Ob.  dr.  1600. 

GULIELMUSPERKINSIUS.     In 

the  "  Heroologia  ;"  '6vo. 

GuLiELMus  Perkinsius.  In  the  Continuation  of 
Boijfard-y  a  copy  from  the  above '^. 

GuLiELMus  Perkinsius  Ang.  nervofjf.  et  clar, 
theol.  Sim.  Pafs  fc.  a  good  head:  the  ornaments 
were  invented  by  Crifp.  Pafs^  junior.  Title  to  the 
Dutch  edition  of  his  works,  1 6 1 5  ;  foL 

William  Perkins,  &c.  Murfhal fc.  fnall  \  in 
Fuller's  ''  Holy  State.'* 

William  Perkins  i  24/<?. 

•  The  heads  in  Boifiard's  «'  Bibliotheca  Chalcographica"  and 
the  Continuation  are  copies;  but  the  engravers  have  generally 
done  juftice  to  the  lilcenefies  of  the  perfons. 

"  William 


CJ.ASS  IV.       OF    ENGLAND.  219 

«  WILLIAM  PERKINS,  Chrifl's  College 
"  in  Cambridge,  born  at  Marftone  in  War- 
*'  wickfl)ire,  a  learned  divine.  He  wrote  many 
*'  learned  works,  difperfed  through  Great  Bri- 
"  tain,  France,  Germany,  the  Low  Countries, 
"  and  Spain  ;  many  tranflated  into  the  French, 
"  German,  and  Italian  tongues  :  a  man  induf- 
**  trious  and  painful,  who,  though  he  were  lame 
"  of  his  right-hand,  wrote  all  with  his  left.  He 
*'  died  at  Cambridge,  1602."  Sold  by  Stents 
4to. 

An  uncommon  quicknefs  of  fight  and  appre- 
henfion,  contributed  to  give  him  the  excellent 
knack  he  was  mafter  of,  in  quickly  running 
through  a  folio,  and  entirely  entering  into  the 
author's  fubjedt,  while  he  appeared  to  be  only 
fl<;mming  the  furface.  He  was  deprived  by 
archbilhop  Whitgift  for  puritanifm.  This,  and 
the  two  following  divines,  were  fuch  as  were 
fometimes  called  conforming  nonconformijls^  as  they 
were  againft  feparation  from  the  national  church. 

RICH  ARDUS  ROGERSIUS,  theo- 
logus  Cantabrigienfis  ;  two  Latin  virfes.  In  the 
Continuation  of  Boiffard  \  ^to. 

Richard  Rogers,  a  learned  divine  of  puritan 
principles,  flourifhed  at  Cambridge,  at  the  fame 
time  with  Perkins,  and  was  about  the  fame 
time  deprived  by  archbifhop  Whitgift.  He 
was  much  admired  as  a  preacher.  Bifliop  Hum- 
phreys, in  his  MS.  additions  to  the  *'  Athenae 
"  Oxonienfcs  *,"  mentions  an  archdeacon  of  St. 
Afaph  of  both  his  names.  Quzere,  if  the  fame 
perfon  f  ? 

•  Vide  T.  Caii  Vindicise  Antiquitatis  Acad.  Oxon.  p.  650. 
•f-Ric.  Rogers,  author  of  a  "  Conuncntary  on  Judges/'  is  men- 
tioned in  Wilkins's  "  Etclciiaftes." 

Mr. 


220  The    HISTORY  Eliz, 

Mr.  B  R I  G  H  T  M  A  N,  Mtat.fua,  45.  Fron- 
tifpiece  to  bis  "  Revelathn  of  the  Revelations.'* 

Thomas  Brightman,  reftor  of  Hawnes  in 
Bedfordlhire,  was  educated  at  Queen's  College, 
in  Cambridge.  He  wrote  commentaries  in  La- 
tin on  the  *'  Canticles,'*  and  the  "  Apocalypfe,'* 
the  latter  of  which,  for  a  long  time,  made  a 
great  noife  in  the  world.  He,  in  that  book, 
makes  archbifhop  Cranmer  the  angel  having 
power  over  the  fire,  and  the  lord-treafurer  Cecil 
the  angel  of  the  waters,  juftifying  the  pouring 
out  the  third  vial.  The  church  of  England  is 
the  lukewarm  church  of  Laodicea  •,  and  "  the 
"  angel  that  God  loved,"  is  the  antiepifcopal 
church  of  Geneva,  and  that  of  Scotland :  and 
the  power  of  prelacy  is  Antichrift.  In  the  reign 
of  Charles  I.  when  the  bifhops  were  expelled 
the  houfe  of  peers,  and  feveral  of  them  impri- 
foned,  Brightman  was  cried  up  for  an  infpired 
writer,  and  an  abridgment  of  his  book,  intitled 
**  The  Revelation  of  the  Revelations,"  was 
printed  *.  He  is  faid  to  have  prayed  for  fud- 
den  death,  and  to  have  died  travelling  in  a 
coach,  with  a  book  in  his  hand,  1607. 

GEORGE  HARTGILL-,  afmall whole 
lengthy  cut  in  wood;  underneath,  "  Chriftianus 
"  Philofophus."  It  is  in  the  title  to  his  general 
«  Calendars^  or  AJironomical  ^ahles^^  ^c.  i594,/o/. 

The  author  is  ftyled  "  Minifter  of  God*s 
«f  word."  In  1656,  an  improved  edition  of  his 
book  was  publifhed  by  Timothy  and  John  Gad- 
bury.  /;;  the  title  plate  is  his  portrait,  by  Gay- 
wood* 

•  This  occafioned  the  miftake  in  the  "  Magna  Britannia,"  vol. 
/     iv.  p.  17.  of  his  flourifliing  during  the  time  of  the  Rump  Parlia- 
ment.   See  Walton's  "  Life  of  Bilh'op  Sanderfon." 

NON- 


Class  IV.      of    ENGLAND.  221 


NONCONFORMING  DIVINES. 

Mr.  THOMAS  C  ART  W  R  IG  H  T; /c;;^ 

beard,  furred  gown  j  4/0. 

Thomas  Cartwright  was  fome  time  Margaret  chofen 
profeflbr  of  divinity  at  Cambridge,  and  a  very  ^57o- 
celebrated  preacher.  When  he  preached  in  St. 
Mary's  Church  there,  the  concourfe  of  the  peo- 
ple to  hear  him  was  fo  great,  that  the  fexton 
was  obliged  to  take  down  the  windows.  He 
was  expelled  the  univerfity  for  puritanifm,  by 
Dr.  Whitgift,  the  vice-chancellor,  with  whom 
he  maintained  a  long  controverfy  about  church- 
difcipline.  This  controverfy  is  in  print.  He 
was  at  the  head  of  thofe  rigid  Calvinifts  who 
openly  oppofed  the  Liturgy,  and  epifeopal  jurif- 
diftion,  and  were  advocates  for  the  plan  of  re- 
ligion eftablifhed  at  Geneva.     Ob.  1603. 

JOHANNES    FOXUS.     In  the  '' He^ 

"  roologia  \  Zvo.^ 

Johannes  Foxus  Lancaftrienfis  f ,  ^z.  In  the 
Continuation  of  Bolffard ;  ^to. 

Joannes  Foxus  j  Martin  D.  {DroefJjout)  fc„ 
Svo. 

John  Fox  ;  Glover  fc.  ^to.    A  good  head. 

John  Fox  ;  Sturt  fc  Frontifpiece  to  the  laft  Edi' 
tion  of  his  book  of  Martyrs. 

*  This  is  thefirft  engraved  Englifh  portrait  that  I  remember  to 
have  feen  with  a  hat.  There  is,  however,  reafon  to  believe,  that 
the  hat  was  worn  before  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  The  following 
note  is  taken  from  the  late  profeiror  V/ard's  papers.  "  Dr.  Rich. 
•'  Rawlinfon  is  poflefied  of  a  MS.  of  the  works  of  Chaucer, 
**  thought  to  be  written  in  the  time  of  king  Henry  VII.  with  the 
"  capital  letters  finely  illuminated  :  and  in  that  which  begins  his 
««  Moral  Tale,"  there  is  painted  a  man  with  a  high -crowned  hat, 
*«  and  broad-brim." 

+  It  fliould  be  Lincolnienfis.    He  was  born  at  Bofton. 

The 


222  TheHISTORY  Eliz. 

The  book  was  republifhed  when  the  nation 
was  under  great  apprehenfions  of  popery,  1684. 
This  edition  is  printed  in  a  Roman  letter,  with 
copper  cuts,  in  three  vols,  folio. 

The  great  work  of  the  *'  A6ls  and  Monu- 
*'  ments  of  the  Church,"  by  John  Fox,  may 
be  regarded  as  a  vaft  Gothic  building  :  in  which 
fomc  things  are  fuperfluous,  fome  irregular,  and 
others  manifeftly  wrong:  but  which,  altoge- 
.  ther,  infufe  a  kind  of  religious  reverence;  and 
we  {land  amazed  at  the  labour,  if  not  at  the  (kill, 
of  the  architect.  1'his  book  was,  by  order  of 
queen  Elizabeth,  placed  in  the  common  halls 
of  archbiiliops,  bifhops,  deans,  archdeacons, 
and  heads  of  colleges  ;  and  was  long  looked 
upon  with  a  veneration  next  to  the  Scriptures 
themfelves.  The  fame  has  been  faid  of  Fox, 
which  was  afterwards  faid  of  Burnet  •,  that  fc- 
veral  perfons  furniflied  him  with  accounts  of 
pretended  fadls,  with  a  view  of  ruining  the 
credit  of  his  whole  performance.  But  the  au- 
thor does  not  ftand  in  need  of  this  apology ;  as 
it  was  impolTible,  in  human  nature,  to  avoid 
many  errors  in  fo  voluminous  a  work,  a  great 
part  of  which  confifts  of  anecdotes.  Ob.  18  Ap. 
1587,  jEt.-jo. 

HUGH  BROUGHTON.  See  the  next 
reign. 

A     SCOTCH     DIVINE. 

JEAN  CNOX,  (K^ox)  de  Gfjord  Ene/coJ/e; 
a  ivooden  print  -,   4/0. 

Johannes  Cnoxus  theolcgus  Scotus,  &c. 
Jn  the  Continuation  of  Boijfard ;  ^to. 

Jean  Cnox,  &c.  Defrochers\  fmall  /{to, 

John 


Class  IV.        o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  223 

John  Knox  was  a  rigid  Calvinift,  and  the 
moft  violent  of  the  reformers.  His  intrepid 
zeal  and  popular  eloquence,  qualified  him  for 
the  great  work  of  Reformation  in  Scotland, 
which  perhaps  no  man  of  that  age  was  equal  to 
but  himlelf.  He  afFeded  the  dignity  of  the 
apoftolic  chara6ter,  but  departed  widely  from 
the  meeknefs  of  it.  He  even  dared  to  call  the 
queen  of  Scots  Jezebel  to  her  face,  and  to  de- 
nounce vengeance  againll  her  from  the  pulpit. 
The  addrefs  fent  by  the  Scottifh  rebels  to  the 
cftablifhed  church,  was  fuppofed  to  be  penned 
by  him.  This  title,  which  is  charadleriftical 
of  the  man,  was  affixed  to  it:  *'  To  the  gene- 
'*  ration  of  Antichril^,  the  peftilent  prelates, 
**  and  their  fhavclings,  in  Scotland,  the  con- 
*'  gregation  of  Chrill  Jcfus  within  the  fame  fay- 
"  eth,  &c."  He  was  author  of  fcveral  hoc 
pieces  of  controverfy,  and  other  theological 
works.  He  was  alfo  author  of  a  "  Hiftory  of 
'*  the  Reformation  of  the  church  of  Scotland, 
"  from  1422  to  1567,"  in  folio.  Ob.  24  Nov. 
1572.     ' 

DIVINES  of  the  CHURCH  of  ROME. 

A  L  A  N  U  S,  Cardinalis  -,  Efme  de  Boulonoi^  f. 
^0.   In  the  "  Academic  des  Sciences,'*  iom.  ii.  p.  37. 

Cardinal  Alan,  Allen,  or  Allyn  ;  a  Jmall 
luft :  taken  from  the  Oxford  Almanack  for  1746, 
where  it  is  placed  under  the  head  of  Edward  11.  It  is 
probably  authentic^  as  it  was  e?igraved  by  Vertue  *. 

William  Alan,  cardinal  prieft  of  the  church  Cr.  28  July, 
of  Rome,  and  a  celebrated  writer  in  its  defence,  ^^^^• 

*  Vertue  had  a  confiderable  collection  of  curious  heads  from 
medals,  of  which  he  fitquently  took  diawings  and  calts. 

was 


224  The  HISTORY  Eli2. 

was  educated  at  Oriel  College  in  Oxford ;  and 
in  1556,  chofen  principal  of  St.   Mary  Hall. 
Upon  the  acceffjon  of  Elizabeth,  he  retired  to 
Louvain,  where  he  pubiilhed  his  book  on  the 
fubjedt  of   "  Purgatory,    and  prayers  for  the 
*'  Dead  •,'*  in  which  rhetoric,  of  which  he  was 
a  great  mafter,   held  the  place  of  argument. 
This  was   the  ground-work  of  his  reputation. 
He  afterwards  returned  to  England,   where  he 
lurked  feveral  years  in    difguife,   and  printed 
an  apology  for  his  religion,  which  he  induftri- 
oufly  difperfed.    He  had  the  chief  hand  in  efta- 
bliihing  the  Englifh  feminaries  at  Douay   and 
Rheims,  and  feveral  others  in  Spain  and  Italy. 
He  was  juftly  regarded  as   a  mod  dangerous 
enemy  to  the  civil,  as  well  as  religious  liberties 
of, his  country  J  as  he  perfuaded  Philip  II.  to 
undertake  the  conqueft  of  England,  and  endea- 
voured  by   a  book,   which  he  publifhed  about 
the  fame  time,  to  perfuade  the  people   to  take 
up  arms  againft  the  queen.      Ob.  6  Oft.  1394. 
Mt.  63. 

THOiVIAS  STAPLE  TON,  Anglus ; 
^t.  Ixiii.  Ob.  Oft.  12,  1598.  L.  GuaUier  inci- 
dit,  neat. 

Thomas  Stapletonus^  &c.  in  a  do^or  of  divi- 
mty's  habits  /\to.  neat. 

Thoms  Stapleton,  a  native  of  Yorkfhire, 
was  educated  at  New  College,  in  Oxford,  in 
the  reign  of  Mary  he  was  promoted  to  a  canon- 
ry  of  Chicefter.  In  that  of  Elizabeth,  he  fet- 
tled at  Louvain,  where  he  greatly  didinguifhed 
himfelr  by  the  controverfiai  wrirings  which  he 
pubiilhed  againft  Jewel,  Whiraker  and  other 
eminent  divmes  of  the  eftabiiftifd  church.  He 
afterwards  went  to  Doucty,  where  he  took  the 
degree  of  doftor  in  diviniry,  of  which  faculty 

he 


Class  IV.      of  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  225 

he  was  eleded  profeflTor ;  but  being  offered  the 
chair  at  Louvain,  he  returned  thither,  and  was, 
about  the  fame  time,  advanced  to  the  deanry 
of  Hilverbeck,  in  Brabant.  It  is  faid,  that 
Clement  VIII.  intended  to  beftow  upon  him  a 
cardinal's  hat ;  and  that  this  honour  was  pre- 
vented by  his  death,  which  was  on  the  12th  of 
O<5lober,  1598.  Clement  was  fo  great  an  ad- 
mirer of  his  writings,  that  he  ordered  them  to 
be  read  publickly  at  his  table.  Cardinal  Perron, 
who  was  an  em.inent  author  himfelf  *,  cfteemed 
him,  both  for  learning  and  acutenefs,  the  firit 
polemical  divine  of  his  age.  There  is  a  cata- 
logue of  his  works,  which  are  in  four  volumes 
folio,  in  Dod's  "  Church  Hiftory,"  ii.  86.  His 
"  Tres  Thomae,"  containing  the  lives  of  St, 
Thomas  the  Apoftle,  St.  Thomas  Becker,  and 
Sir  Thomas  More,  is  one  of  the  moil  curious 
of  his  books. 

RICHARD  WHYTEj  /«  Latin  Vitus, 

Richard  White,  fome  time  fellow  of  New 
College  in  Oxford,  was,  in  the  reign  of  Eliza- 
beth, conftituted  Regius  ProfeflTor  of  the  civil 
and  canon  law  at  Douay,  and  created  count 
palatine  by  the  emperor.  Having  buried  two 
wives,  he,  by  the  difpenfation  of  pope  Clement 
VIII.  took  prieft's  orders,  and  was  prefenred 
to  a  canonry  in  St.  Peter's  Church  at  Douay. 
His  principal  work  was,  "  Hiftoriarum  Britan- 
nic2e  Infulse,  &c.  Libri  novem,  Duac.  1602;" 
8vo.  to  which  is  prefixed  his  head.     Among 

•  This  cardinal  had  a  printing  prefs  in  his  houfe ;  and  his  cuf- 
tom  was  to  have  a  few  copies  printed  of  any  work  that  he  intend- 
ed to  publifli,  for  the  revifal  of  his  friends  before  the  publica- 
tion. 

yoL.  L  Q^  other 


%z6  The    HISTORY  Eliz: 

other  things,  he  wrote  an  explanation  of  the 
famous  enigmatical  epitaph  at  Bologna,  which 
has  been  fo  varioufly  interpreted.  It  is  pro- 
bable that  the  author  of  it,  who  might  have 
been  better  employed,  made  it  on  purpofe  ta 
puzzle  the  idly  inquifitive  amongft  the  learned. 

The  following  Priefts  and  Jefuits,  who  have 
been  recorded  in  the  black  catalogue  of  crimi- 
nals by  proteftants,  and  in  the  bright  lift  of 
faints  and  martyrs  by  papifts,  were  more  for- 
midable to  the  queen  and  her  people  than  is 
commonly  imagined.     As  fhe  flood  excommu- 
nicated by  a  bull  of  Pius  V.  and  was  the  main 
pillar  of  the  reformed  religion,  (he  was  com- 
pelled by  the  great  lav/  of  neceflity,  though  not 
without  grief  and  reluftance  *,  to  let  loofe  the 
laws  againft  feminary  priefts  and  Jefuits,  her 
known  enemies,  as  her  perfonal fafety,  and  that 
of  her  kingdom,  depend  upon  it.     This,  Father 
Parlbns  himfelf  was  fo  candid  as  to  own,  in  a 
private  letter  to  one  of  his  friends  f.    Thefe 
unhappy  milTionaries,  enterprifing  and  danger- 
ous as  they  were,  are,  however,  entitled  to  our 
pity,   as  they  afted  in  their  proper  charadter^ 
and  in  conformity  with  the  genius  of  their  reli- 
gion. 

CUTHBERT  M  AY  "NE,  executed  at  Laur^ 
ceJioHj  in  Cormvall,  ^579>  4^^»  mezz. 

P.   EDMUND.  CAM  PI  AN  US,    qui 

primus  e  Soc.  Jefu,  Londini,  pro  Fide  Cath.  Mar- 
tyrium  confummavit  J,  i  Dec.  158 1 ;  afrnallhead. 

•  Vide  "  Camdeni  Eliz."  fiib  Ann.  1581. 

t "  Concertatio  Ecclef.  Catliol.  ndver'fusAng.  Calvino  Papiftas," 
Pars  ii.  fol.  396,  Triers,  1583,  8vo. 

\  Parfons  and  Campian  were  thefirft  miflionaries  that  the  JeA«ts 
Tent  into  England. 

'^his 


Class  IV.      o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  227 

^his,  and  feveral  others  that  follow,  wen  taken  from 
afieet  print,  entitled,  "  Effigies  ^  Nomina  quorun^ 
dam  e  Societate  Jefu,  qui  pro  Fide  vel  Pietate  funt  in- 
terfeSli,  ab  anno  1549  ^^  annum  1607,"  done  at 
■Rome,    The  fheet  contains  fWenty-four  heads. 

Edmund  Campian  was  educated  at  Chrid's 
Hofpital,  in  London,  whence  he  removed  to 
St.  John's  College,  in  Oxford.     Here  he  dif- 
tinguiflied  himfelf  as  an  orator  and  a  difputant, 
in  both  which  capacities  he  entertained  queen 
Elizabeth  at  a  public  aft,  when  (he  vifited  that 
univerfity.     He  foon  after  became  a  convert  to 
the  church  of  Rome,  and  retired  to  the  college 
at  Douay,  where  he  took  his  bachelor  of  divi- 
nity's degrees.     In  1573,  he  travelled  to  Rome, 
where  he  became  a  Jefuit,  and  was  foon  after 
fent  by  his  fuperiors  as  a  mijfTionary  into  Ger- 
many, where  he  compofed  his  Latin  tragedy, 
called  "  Neftar  and  Ambrofia,"  which  was  act- 
ed with  great  applaufe  in  the  prefence  of  the 
emperor.   The  laft  fcene  of  his  life  was  in  Eng- 
land, where  he  was  regarded  as  a  dangerous 
adverfary  of  the  eftablifhed  church.     He  was 
executed  at  Tyburn,    the  firfl  of  December, 
1 58 1.    His  writings  fliew  him  to  have  been  a 
man  of  various  and  polite  learning.     His  "  De- 
cern Rationes/'  written  againft  the  Proteftant 
religion,  have  been  folidly  anfwered  by  feveral 
of  our  bed;  divines.     The  original  manufcripc 
of  his   "  Hiftory  of  Ireland"  is  in  the  Britifli 
Mufeum.     See  Dod,  ii.  p.  137,  &c. 

ALEXANDER  BRIANT,  Soc.  Jefu» 
Londini,  pro  Catholica  Fide,  fufpenfus  et  fee- 
tns,  I  Decemb.  1581;  fmalL 

Alexander  Briant,  who  was  born  in  Somer- 

fetfliire,  ftudied  at  Oxford,  and  afterwards  at 

0^2  Douay, 


£28  The   HISTORY         Eliz. 

Douay.  He  was  fent  into  England,  in  cha- 
rader  of  a  miflionary,  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth. 
In  1581,  he  was  imprifoned,  and,  as  Dod  tells 
us*,  was  cruelly  treated  while  he  was  in  the 
Tower,  by  thrufting  needles  under  the  nails  of 
his  fingers,  to  force  him  to  a  difcovery  of  what 
was  adling  abroad  againft  the  queen  and  govern- 
ment f .  He  was  a  young  man  of  fingular  beauty, 
and  behaved  at  the  place  of  execution  with  de- 
cent intrepidity.     Execut.  Dec.  i,  1581. 

THOMAS  COTTAMUS,  Anglus, 
Londini,  pro  Fide  Catholica,  fufpenfus  gladioque 
fe^lus,  9  Jul.  1582  j  ffuall. 

Thomas  Cottam,  who  was  born  in  Lanca- 
Ihire,  ftudied  fome  time  at  Brazen-Nofe  Col- 
lege, in  Oxford,  and  afterwards  at  Rheims, 
where  he  was  ordained  prieif.  In  1580,  he  was 
fent  on  a  mifTion  into  England,  but  was  appre- 
hended foon  after  his  landing.  Dr.  Ely,  a  pro- 
feflbr  of  the  civil  and  canon  law  at  Douay,  hap- 
pened to  be  at  Dover  when  he  was  taken,  and 
with  great  addrefs  contrived  and  effedted  his 
efcape ;  but  as  this  benevolent  aft  was  like  to 
be  attended  with  the  ruin  of  him  and  his  fa- 
mily, Cottam  very  generoufly  furrendered  him- 
felf  to  fave  his  benefaflor.  He  was  feveral 
times  put  to  the  torture  in  prifon,  but  could 
not  be  prevailed  with  to  make  any  confeflion, 
or  renounce  his  religion.  He  and  Briant  are 
faid  to  have  been  admitted  into  the  Society  of 
Jefus  a  little  before  their  death.     He  was  exe- 

•  "Church  Hiftory,"  W.  114.. 

\  It  was  at  this  time  flrongly  reported,  that  a  plot  was  batch- 
ing in  the  Englifli  colleges  at  Rheims  and  Rome,  with  no  lefs  a 
view  than  the  total  fubverfion  of  the  national  religion  and  go- 
vernment. The  fears  and  jealoufies  of  the  people  were  more 
alive  than  ufual  at  this  junfture,  as  the  duke  of  Anjou  was  in  the 
height  of  his  courtlhip  with  the  queen. 

cuted 


Class  IV.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  229 

£Uted  at  Tyburn,  with  feveral  of  his  fraternity, 
the  30th  of  May,  1582  *. 

EDMUND  GENINGES,  (Jennings) 
alias  Ironmonger,  JEf.  24,  1591 ;  eighi  Latin  verfeSy 
^to.  before  his  Life^  St,  Omer's,  1614. 

Edmund  Jennings  was  admitted  into  the 
Englilli  college,  at  Rheims,  under  do6tor,  after- 
wards cardinal,  Allen,  and  when  he  was  twenty 
years  of  age,  ordained  prieft.  He  was  foon 
after  fent  into  England,  where  he  was  appre- 
hended in  the  ad  of  celebrating  mafs.  He  was 
executed,  by  hanging  and  quartering,  inGray's- 
Inn-Fields,  the  loth  of  December,  1591. 

In  the  rare  book  above  mentioned,  are  feve- 
ral hiftorical  prints,  reprefenting  the  principal 
circumftances  of  his  life  and  death.  This  work 
was  publiflied,  at  a  confiderable  expence,  by 
the  Papifts,  in  order  to  perpetuate  the  remem- 
brance of  two  "  miracles,"  which  are  there  faid  to 
have  happened  at  his  death.  The  firft  is,  that, 
after  his  heart  was  taken  out,  he  faid,  "  Sande 
Gregori,  ora  pro  me,"  which  the  hangman 
hearing,  fwore,  *'  God's  wounds !  fee  his  heart 
is  in  my  hand  ;  yet  Gregory  is  in  his  mouth." 
The  other  is,  that  an  holy  virgin  being  defirous 
of  procuring  fome  relick  of  him,  contrived  to 
approach  the  bafket  into  which  his  quarters 
were  thrown,  and  touched  his  right  hand,  which 
fhe  efteemed  moft  holy,  from  its  having  been 
employed  in  acls  of  confecration  and  elevating 
the  hod,  and  immediately  his  thumb  came  off 
without  force  or  difcovery,  and  fhe  carried  it 
home,  and  preferved  it  with  the  greatell  care. 

•  Dod,   ii.  p.  T16. 

0^3  P.  R  O- 


230  The   HISTORY  Eliz. 

P.ROGERUS  FILCOCKUS,  Anglus, 
Londini,  pro  Catholica  Fide,  fufpenfus  &  feftus, 
22  Feb.  1601 ;  fmall. 

Roger  Filcock,  by  Mr.  Stow  erroneouQy 
called  Thomas,  received  his  education  at  Se- 
ville, in  Spain,  where  he  was  ordained  prieft, 
and  foon  after  fent  hither  as  a  miflionary.  Dod 
informs  us,  that  he  and  Mark  Backworth,  a 
gentleman  who  afted  in  the  fame  charadler,  were 
executed  at  Tyburn,  the  27th  of  February,  1601, 
together  with  Mrs.  Anne  Line,  v/ho  fuffered 
death  for  harbouring  and  affifting  miffionaries  *. 

P.  FRANCISCUS  PAGIUS,  Anglus, 
Soc.  Jefu,  Londini,  pro  Catholica  Fide,  fufpenfus 
&  fedtus,  30  April.  1602  \fmalL 

Francis  Page,  having  for  fome  time  applied 
himfelf  to  the  lludy  of  the  law,  went  abroad, 
was  ordained  prieft,  and  fent  back  upon  a  mif- 
fion.  He  was,  according  to  Dod's  account  of 
him,  feized  and  condemned  to  die  for  receiving 
holy  orders,  and  was  executed  at  Tyburn,  in 
1 601.  The  fame  author  adds,  that  Mrs.  Lyne, 
a  widow  gentlewoman,  with  whom  he  refided, 
was  profecuted  and  fuffered  death  for  entertain- 
ing him  -f.  This  appears  to  be  the  perfon  men- 
tioned above  in  the  article  of  Filcock. 

DOMINICUS  COLLINUS,  Fliber- 
nus,  e  Soc.  Jefu,  &c.  pro  Catholica  Fide,  Corkse, 
in  Hibernia,  fufpenfus  &  feftus,  ult.  0£t.  1602 ; 
fmall. 


•  Dod,  ii.  p.  Kofi. 
■f  Dod,  ii.  p.  111. 


CLASS 


Class  V.      of  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  4^31 

CLASS    V. 
COMMONERS  in  great  Employments. 

Sir  T  H  O  M  A  S  SMITH,  Knt.  horn  March 
28,  1512;  deceafed  Auguji  12,  1577,  inthe6$tk 
■year  of  his  age.    Round  cap^  furred  garment. 

Sir  Thomas  Smith,  holding  a  book-,  a  wooden 
frinii  motto,  Ingenium  nulla  manus.  In  **  (j'«- 
J?rielis  Harvcii,  Faldinatis,  Smithus,  vel  Mufarum 
IjGchrymie fro  Ohitu^^c,  1578,"  4/c, 

Sir  Thomas  Smith  was  feveral  times  fent  am- 
baflador  into  France  in  this  reign ;  and  on  the 
twenty-fourth  of  June,  1572,  he  was  appointed 
fecretary  of  flate.  In  1575,  he  procured  an  zQz. 
of  parliament  that  a  third  part  of  the  rent  upon 
college-leafes  fhould  be  always  referved  in  corn, 
at  the  low  price  at  wliich  it  then  fold.  He  clear- 
ly forefaw  that  the  collegiate  bodies  would  reap 
great  advantage  ^rom  this  adt,  as  there  was  the 
higheft  probability  that  the  price  of  grain  would 
be  much  advanced. 

Sir  F R  A N  C  IS    W  A  L  S  I  N  G  H  A  M5 

Fred^rico  Zuuhero  p.  J.  Houbraken  fc.  In  the  colkc' 
tion  of  Sir  Robert  Walpok.  Illujt.  Head,  It  is  ncai 
Mr.  Horace  IValpole's. 

Franc.  Walsinghamius.  In  the  *'  Herook* 
gia  i"  ^vo. 

Fr.  Walsingham,  fecretaire  d*  Elizabeth  ^ 
Vander  IVerffp.  P.  a  Gunji  fc.  h.Jh. 

Franciscus  Walsingham,  &g.  Ferine  fc, 
h.fh. 

Sir  Francis  Walfingham^  who  was  employed 

by   the  queen  in  the  moil  important  embaffies, 

was  advanced  to  the  poft  of  fecretary  of  ftate, 

CL4  i« 


232  The    HISTORY        Eliz; 

in  Jan.  1572-3  This  great  man's  talent  for 
b'ufinefs,  his  learning,  eloquence,  infinuating 
addrefs,  univerfal  intelligence,  and  profound 
fecrefy,  are  mentioned  in  all  the  hiftories  of  this 
reign.  He  knew  how  to  be  grave  or  facetious, 
could  laugh  with  Henry  IV,  of  France,  and 
quote  Greek  and  Latin  authors  with  James  VI, 
of  Scotland.  He  was  fo  far  from  raifing  a  for- 
tune, that  he  fpent  his  patrimony  in  the  fervice 
of  the  public,  and  was  buried  in  the  night,  at 
the  expence  of  his  friends,  who  were  apprehen- 
five  that  his  corpfe  might  be  arretted  for  debt, 
Ob.  6  Ap.  1590. 

Sir  R  O  B  E  R  T  CECIL,  fccretary  of  flate, 
and  matter  of  the  courts  of  wards.  See  the  reign 
of  James  I. 

Sir  NICHOLAS  THROGMORTON, 
Knt.  ex  tabula  arJiqtia-,  G.  Vertue  delin.  &fc.  1747; 

Sir  Nicholas  Throgmorton  was  much  in  fa- 
vour with  the  queen,  who  fent  him  ambaflador 
to  France  ^  and  Scotland.  He  was  an  able 
minitter,  and  firmly  attached  to  the  mtereft  of 
his  miftrefs.  It  was  univerfally  believed  that  he 
was  poifoned  by  a  fallad,  which  he  cat  at  the 
earl  of  Leicefter's.  It  is  certain  that  he  died 
foon  after  he  had  eaten  it,  before  he  could  be 
removed  from  table.  Ob.  Feb.  12,  1570, 
^t.  57. 

Sir  PHILIP  SIDNEY  was  fent  ambaf- 
fador  to  the  emperor  Rodolph,  in  1576,  and  at  the 
fame  time   received  a  commilBon  to   treat   with 

*  It  was  a  maxim  of  this  minifter,  "That  France  can  neither 
be  poor,  nor  abftain  from  war,  three  years  together." 

Other 


Class  VI.      of   ENGLAND.  233 

other  German  princes.  See  Clafs  VII.  and  IX. 
where  the  heads  of  him  are  defcribed. 

Sir  THOMAS  BOD  LEY  was  employed 

in  feveral  embaffies  to  Germany  and  Denmark. 
He  was  afterwards  fent  to  the  Hague  to  manage 
the  queen's  affairs  in  the  United  Provinces,  and 
was  admitted  into  their  council  of  ftate,  where  he 
fat  next  to  count  Maurice.    See  Clafs  IX. 

GUALTERUS  MILDMAY,  Equcs 
Auratus,  Coll.  Emmanuelis  Fund*"*  An",  1584;  J, 
Faberf.  large  ^lo. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Henry  Jerom  de  Sails  gave  an 
original  piflure  of  Sir  Walter  Mildmay  to  the 
earl  of  Sandwich,  who  prefented  it  to  Dr.  Ri- 
chardfon,  mafter  of  Emmanuel  College,  in  Cam- 
bridge. 

Sir  Walter  Mildmay  was  furveyor  of  the 
court  of  augmentations  in  the  reign  of  Henry 
VIII.  and  privy-counfellor,  chancellor,  and  un- 
der-treafurer  of  the  exchequer,  to  Elizabeth. 
He  is  celebrated  by  Camden,  and  other  hifto- 
rians,  for  hjs  uncommon  merit  in  his  private 
and  public  character.     Ob.  31  May^  1589. 


C  L  A  S  S    VL 
MEN   of  the  ROBE. 

Sir  N  I  C  H  O  L  A  S  BACON,  lord-keeper. 
Fred.  Zucchero  p.  J.  Houbraken  fc.  In  the  colleSiion 
cf  the  duke  of  Bedford,     Illuji,  Head. 

At 


234  The    HISTORY        Eliz» 

At  Gorhambury,  his  feat  near  St.  Alban's, 
now  in  the  poffeffion  of  lord  Grimfton,  is  his 
portrait,  and  his  buft.  There  are  alfo  bulls  of 
his  fecond  lady,  and  lord  Bacon  their  fon,  when 
a  little  boy.  A  great  part  of  the  furniture  which 
belonged  to  the  lord-keeper,  is  ftill  carefully 
preferved.  Befides  the  portraits  of  the  Bacon 
family,  there  are  a  great  many  others,  well 
worth  the  notice  of  the  curious.  The  greater 
part  of  them  are  copies  j  but  they  wer«  done  in 
the  time  of  the  perfons  reprefented. 

NicoLAUs  Baconus.     In  the  "  Herodogia \* 
Svo. 

Nicolas  Bacon  ;  A  Vander  Werffp,  P.  a  Gunfi 
fcb.fi. 

NicoLAUS  Baconus,  cuftos  magni  figilli,  1559  j 
'       Vertusfc.  h.Jh. 

N.  Bacon,  lord- keeper  j  Vertuefc.  large  4.(0. 
N.   Bacon,   &c.    Vertuefc,   ajmall  oval;  en- 
graved with  other  heads.     In  the  frontijpiece  to  Bur- 
net's  "  AbridgeYmnt  of  his  Hiji.  of  the  Reformation  j" 
iimo. 
Promoted  Sif  Nicholas  Bacon  had  much  of  that  pene- 

1558-9-  tracing  genius,  folidity  of  judgment,  perfuafive 

eloquence,  and  comprehenfive  knowledge  of 
law  and  equity,  which  afterwards  fhone  forth 
with  fo  great  a  luftre  in  his  fon,  who  was  as 
much  inferior  to  his  father  in  point  of  prudence 
and  integrity,  as  his  father  was  to  him  in  literary 
accomplifhments.  He  was  the  firft  lord-keeper 
that  ranked  as  lord-chancellor.  Ob.  20  Feb. 
1578.9. 

Sir  T  H  O  M  A  S  E  G  E  R  TON,  lord-keeper. 
See  Ellesmere,  Clafs  VI.  in  the  next  reign. 

Vera  Effigies   JACOB!  DYER,   Equitis 
aurati,  qui  prinio  reginee  EUzabethae  "  Capiralis- 

"  Jufti- 


Class  VI.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.^  235 

"  Jufticiarius  de  Banco  conftitutus ;  elapfis  tan» 
''  dem  viginti  et  quatuor  Annis,  a  Morte  exaudo* 
*'  ratus  eft,"  J*  Drapentier  fc.  ah  originali ;  h.Jh. 

Sir  James  Dyer  was  author  of  a  book  of  Re- 
ports in  French,  of  which  feveral  editions  have 
been  publifhed.  His  head  is  prefixed  to  his 
book.     O^.  24  Mar.  1 58 1-2. 

EDMOND  ANDERSON,  Knt.  lord 
chief  juftice  of  the  common  pleas,  yEt.  76.  W. 
Faithorne  fc.  Frontifpece  to  his  "  Reports,^'  in  French, 
1664,  1665;  foL 

Sir  Edmund  Anderfon  fat  in  judgment  upon  Promoted 
Mary  queen  of  Scots,  in  Otftober,   1586  ;  and  ^^^y- 
the  next  year  prefided  at  the  trial  of  fecretary   ^  *' 
Davifon,   in  the  Star-chamber,   for  figning  the 
warrant  for  the  execution  of  that  princefs.    His 
decifion  in  that  nice  point  was,   "  That  he  had 
done  jujiuniy  non  jujte  j  he  had  done  what  was 
right  in  an  unlawful  manner^  otherwife  he  thought 
him  no  bad  man"^.^*    Ob.  1605. 

Vera  Effigies  JOHANNIS  CLENCH, 
Equitis  Aurati,  unus  Jufticiariorum  fereniffimse 
Dominse,  nuper  Reginse  Elizabethan,  ad  Placita 
coram  ipfa  Regina  tenenda  affignati.  Hollar f.  1664, 

This  judge  was  very  eminent  in  his  profef- 
fion  ;  but  none  of  his  writings  were  ever  print- 
ed. His  head  is  in  Dugdale's  "  Origines  Juri- 
diciales,"  1666,  and  in  1671 ;  fol. 

*  This  was  excellent  logic  for  finding  an  innocent  man  guilty. 
It  was  drawn  from  the  fame  mood  and  figure  with  the  queen's 
order,  and  no-order,  for  Davifon's  figning  the  warrant.  The 
lord  chiefjuftice,  who  was  otherwife  no  bad  man  himfelf,  was 
obliged  to  find  him  guilty,  upon  pain  of  being  deprived  of  his 
office.  See  the  pajticulars  of  the  cafe  in  Robeitfon's  "Hilt,  of 
Scotland," 

"^  "^  A  r^. 


236  The    history         Eliz, 

FRANCIS  MORE  of  Faley,  ferjeant  at 
law.     See  the  reign  of  James  1, 

A   SCOTCH    CIVILIAN. 

G  U  I  L.  B  A  R  C  L  AI  U  S,  J.  C.  ^iai.  5^, 
1599  J  C.  D.  Mallery  f.  oval:  in  the  fame  plate  are 
eight  coats  of  arms  of  the  families  to  which  he  was 
allied. 

William  Barclay,  a  native  of  Scotland,  and 
allied  to  the  brft  families  of  that  kingdom,  was 
an  eminent  civilian  in  France,  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  IV.  He  wrote  a  book,  *'  De  Regno,  et 
Regali  Poteftate,  adverfus  Monarchomachos^'* 
1599;  4^^'  ^"  which  is  his  head,  neatly  en- 
graved *.  Though  he  had  very  confiderable 
preferment  in  France,  being  firft  royal  profeffor 
in  the  univerfity  of  Angers,  he  came  into  Eng- 
land, in  1603,  with  a  view  of  fettling  here  ;  but 
not  meeting  with  encouragement,  he  returned 
to  France,  v/here  he  died  about  the  year  1605  ; 
according  to  other  accounts,  1609.  -^^  ^^^ 
father  of  John  Barclay,  the  celebrated  author  of 
the  "  Argenis." 

CLASS    VII. 

MEN  of  the  SWORD. 

O  F  F  I  C  E  R  S  of  the  A  R  M  Y. 

ROBERT  DUDLEY,  Graaf  Van  Lci^ 
cefter,  &c.  in  armour  ;  ^fo. 

The  earl  of  Leicefter  was  lieutenant-general 
15S5.      of  the  forces  fcnt  into  the  Low  Countries  againft 

*  He  was  alfo  author  of  an  excellent  comment  on   "  Taciti 
l^'ita  y,  Jgritola."' 

the 


Class  VII.       o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  237 

the  Spaniards,  and  deputy-governor  of  the  Unit- 
ed Provinces  under  the  queen.  He  was  not  only 
unfuccefsful  as  a  general,  but  he  ventured  to 
lay  an  oppreflive  hand  upon  a  people  who  had 
lately  (haken  off  the  Spanifli  yoke,  who  eKuked 
in  their  new  liberty,  and  were  extremely  jealous 
of  it.  Upon  this,  feveral  complaints  were 
brought  againft  him,  which  occafioned  his  re- 
turn to  England. 

Sir  PHILIP  SIDNEY;  Ifaac  Oliver  p. 
Uoubraken  fc.  1743.  In  the  colle^ion  of  Sir  Brown- 
low  Sherrard  Bart.  Illuft.  Head. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  in  one  of  the  apart- 
ments of  Warwick-caftle,  which  is  with  good 
reafon  believed  to  be  an  original,  as  it  belonged 
to  Fulke  Greville  lord  Brooke,  his  intimate 
friend. 

Sir  Philip  Sydney,  Knt.  Oh.  1586,  Ht.  g2. 
J.  Oliver  p.  Vertue  fc.  From  a  pitlure  in  the  earl  of 
Oxford's  collection-,  h.  fh. 

Sir  Philip  Sidney;  J.  Oliver  p.  Vertue  fc, 
1745.  From  a  limning  of  Dr.  Mead's  ;  whole  length, 
Prefixed  to  the  Sidney- papers^  puhlifhed  by  Collins, 

In  this  print  is  a  view  of  Penfhurfi:  in  Kent, 
the  ancient  feat  of  the  Sidneys  which  at  the 
time  of  its  engraving,  was  in  the  polTenion  of 
William  Perry,  Efq.  whofe  lady  was  niece  to 
the  laft  earl  of  Leicefter  of  that  family. 

Philippus  SiDNEius;  Elflrackc  fc. /\to. 

This  print,  which  was  done  in  the  reign  of 
Elizabeth,  is  fuppofed  to  be  the  firft  head  pub- 
lilhed  by  Elftracke. 

Sir  Philip  Sydney,  Governor  of  Flufhing; 
nvhole  length  ;  fold  by  John  Hind^  ^to.  fcarce. 

Sir  Philip  Sydney  ;  a  very  fmall  oval,  neatly 
engraved  by  Faithorne.     "There  is  a  vile  print  of  him. 


238  The    HISTORY  Eliz. 

in  armour,  Before  one  of  the  editions  of  the  "  Arcadia" 
without  the  engraver's  name.     It  is  copied  from  El- 
Jiracke^s, 

Philippus  Sydney.  In  the  "  Heroologiay'  8vo, 

The  original  pidture  was  in  the  pofleflion  of 
the  late  earl  of  Chefterfield. 

Sir  Philip  Sydney.  Inveniamviam^  autfaciami 
Vertue  fc.  i2mo. 

The  painting  of  him  at  Woburn  Abbey  is 
like  the  print  among  the  lUuftrious  Heads. 

Sir  Philip  Sidney  was  governor  of  Flufhingg 
and  general  of  the  horfe  under  his  uncle  the 
earl  of  Leicefter.  His  valour,  which  was  efteem- 
ed  his  molt  (hining  quality,  was  not  exceeded 
by  any  of  the  heroes  of  his  age :  but  even  this 
was  equalled  by  his  humanity.  After  he  had 
received  his  death's  wound  at  the  battle  of  Zut- 
phen,  and  was  overcome  with  third  from  ex- 
ceffive  bleeding,  he  called  for  drink,  which  was 
prefently  brought  him.  At  the  fame  time,  a 
poor  foldier  was  carried  along  defperately 
wounded,  who  fixed  his  eager  eyes  upon  the 
bottle,  juft  as  he  was  lifting  it  to  his  mouth ; 
upon  which  he  inflantly  delivered  it  to  him, 
with  thefe  words :  "  Thy  neceflity  is  yet  greater 
"  than  mine  ^.'* 

ROBERT  DEVEREUX,  earl  of  Ef- 
fex,  general  of  the  horfe  at  Tilbury,  and  com- 
mander of  the  land  forces  in  the  expedition  to 
Cadiz.     SeeClafsII. 

•  Thh  beautiful  inftance  of  humanity  is  worthy  of  the  pencil 
of  the  greareft  painter ;  and  is  a  proper  fubjeft  to  exercife  the 
genius  of  our  rifing  artifts,  who,  by  the  rules  of  the  Society  for 
the  Encouragement  of  Arts,  are  confined  to  Englifli  hiftory  f. 

f  Since  the  firft  eoition  of  the  "  Biographical  Hiftory"  was  printed,  the 
very  ingenious  Mr.  Weft  told  me,  that  he  (hould  employ  his  pencil  on  this 
fubjeft.  Every  lover  of  painting,  and  efpecially  thofe  who  have  fcen  the 
Death  of  General  Wolf,  by  his  hand,  will  hear  this  with  plcafure. 

Sir 


CtASS  Vn.      ofENGLAND.  2^9 

Sir  FRANCIS  V  E  R  E  :  Medio  et  Tempore. 
Fait  home  fc.  ^to.  In  his  Commentaries  y*  publijhed 
by  Dillingham,  1657  j  folio. 

His  portrait,  and  that  of  his  brother.  Sir 
Horace,  are  in  the  grand  colleflion  of  portraits 
at  Welbcck. 

Sir  Francis  Vere,  who  had  given  many  fignal 
proofs  of  his  valour  in  the  Low  Countries  was, 
in  1596,  made  governor  of  Flufhing  by  queen 
Elizabeth.  He  afterwards  gained  immortal  ho- 
nour by  his  courage  and  condu6l  in  that  memo- 
rable battle  near  Nieuport,  and  for  his  brave  de- 
fence of  Oflend,  for  five  months,  againft  the 
Spanifh  army.  He  was,  at  the  end  of  that 
term,  relieved,  and  the  town  was  taken  after  a 
fiege  of  three  years.     Oh.  28  Aug.  1608. 

Sir  H  O  R  A  C  E  V  E  R  E,  brother  to  Sir  Fran- 
cis, and  a  Iharer  with  him  in  the  danger  and  ho- 
nour of  the  above  mentioned  exploits.     See  the 


next  reign. 


Sir  JOHN  OGLE,  lieutenant-colonel  to 
Sir  Francis  Vere 5  his  left  e^s  out-,  Faithornefc.  ^to» 
uhi  fwpra. 

Sir  John  Ogle,  who  had  the  honour  to  wear 
the  marks  of  thofe  memorable  actions  in  which 
he  bore  a  part  with  Sir  Francis  Vere  and  his 
brother,  was  author  of  the  "  Account  of  the  lafl 
"  Charge  at  Newport  Battle,  and  of  the  Parly 
«*  at  the  Siege  of  Oftend,"  fubjoined  to  the 
Commentaries  of  Sir  Francis  *. 

Captain  CHRISTOPHER  CARLEIL, 

Efq.  Robert  Boiffard  fc,  fmall  h.  fJj.     This  belongs 

•  There  are  portraits  of  feveral  of  the  brave  adventurers  of 
this  time  at  Raynhara,  the  feat  of  lord  Townftiend. 

to 


240  The    HISTORY  Eliz, 

to  a  curious  fet  of  Englijh  Admirals ,  by  the  fame  en- 
graver, 

Christopherus  Carleil,  or  (Carltele).  In 
the  **  Heroologia  5"  %vo. 

Chriftopher  Carlifle,  a  Cornilh  gentleman, 
•  fon-in-law  to  Sir  Francis  Walfinghani  ^,  ferved 
with  reputation  in  the  prince  of  Orange's  fieet 
in  the  Low  Countries,  and  in  that  of  the  Pro- 
teftants  in  France,  commanded  by  the  prince  of 
Conde  in  perfon.  He  was  afterwards,  by  the 
great  duke  of  Mufcovy,  appointed  admiral  of 
his  fleet  deftined,  in  1584,  to  a6t  againft  the 
king  of  Denmark.  He  was  employed  by  Sir 
John  Perrot  in  Ireland,  to  defend  the  weflern 
part  of  that  kingdom  againft  the  incurlions  of 
the  Scots.  The  next  year  he  had  the  command 
of  the  land-forces  fent  on  board  the  fleet  com- 
manded by  Drake  to  the  Weft  Indies  j  where 
he  gave  the  higheft  proofs  of  his  military  capa- 
city, and  had  a  principal  hand  in  taking  the 
towns  of  St.  Jago,  St.  Domingo,  Carthagena, 
and  St.  Augulline.     Ob.  1593. 

Sir  WALTER  RALEIGH,  captain  of 
the  queen's  guard,  lord-warden  of  the  Stanneries, 
&c.  From  a  pitlure  in  the  poffeffion  of  IVilliam  El- 
weys,  Efq.  formerly  belofiging  to  lady  Elweys,  eldeji 
daughter  of  Sir  Walter,  grandfon  of  Sir  Walter  Ra- 
leigh  :  Vertuefc.  112)5'  Before  his  '■'■  Htjiory  of  the 
World-"  folio.   See  the  next  divifion  of  this  clafs. 

Sir  HUMPHREY  GILBERT,  com- 
mander in  chief  of  the  queen's  forces  in  the  pro- 
vince of  Munfter,  in  Ireland.     See  Clafs  VIII. 

•"  Biograpb.  Britan."p.  2465,  Note  C, 

OFFICERS 


Class  VII.       of    ENGLAND.  241 

OFFICERS  of  the  NAVY. 

CHARLES  HOWARD,  carl  of  Not- 
tingham ;  F.  Zucchero  p.  J.  Hoiibraken  fc.  In  the 
colleciion  of  the  (late)  duke  of  Kent.  Illufi.  Head, 

Charles,  Earl  of  Nottingham,  &c.  in  armour^ 
haty  large  beard -^  four  Englifh  verfes,  fmall  ^vo. 
neat  and  curious. 

Charles  Hovvard,  &c.  See  his  portrait  in  the 
print  of  the  proccffion  to  lord  Hunfdon's,  Clafs  I. 
His  picflure  is  in  the  gallery  at  Gorhambury. 

Charles  Howard,  earl  of  Nottingham,  was,  Crestet?, 
for  his  great  abilities  in  naval  affairs,  advanced,  ^^'^  o^* 
in  1588,  to  the  office  of  lord  high  admiral.  In  Bitch, 
this  memorable  year  he,  and  the  gallant  officers 
wnder  him,  did  much  in  finking  and  de- 
ftroying  the  Spanifli  Armada*-,  but  the  winds 
did  more.  Upon  this  great  event,  the  queen 
ordered  a  medal  to  be  ftruck,  with  this  infcrip- 
tion,  "  Afflavit  Deus,  et  difilpantur  •,"  "  He 
*'  blew  with  his  wind,  and  they  are  fcattered  |.'* 
In  1596,  the  lord-admiral  had  a  great  (hare  in 
taking  Cadiz,  and  burning  the  Spanidi  fleet. 
He  was  a  lover  of  magnificence,  having  no  lefs 
than  fevcn  "  Handing  houfes  at  the  fame  time  J." 
He  enjoyed  his  office  about  32  years.  See  the 
next  reign,  Clafs  II. 

The  fuit  of  tapeftry  at  the  hctife  of  Lcrds,  en- 
graved  by  Pine,  with  the  heads  of  the  Lord- Admiral, 
and  thofe  who  commanded  under  him  againji  the  Spanifh 
armada,  is  a  juftly  admired  work.  The  heads,  which 
are  about  the  fize  of  a  half-crown,  are  in  the  borders 
of  the  plates,  which  exhibit  the  particulars  of  each 

*  The  royal  navy  at  this  time  confided  but  of  twenty  eight 
veflels.   Hume. 

f  Ah  nimimum  dileftaDeo!   cui  militat  aether, 

Et  conjurati  veniunt  ad  daffica  veuti.  Claudian. 

J  Fuller's  ••  Worthies." 

Vol.  L  R  day'i 


442  The  HISTORY  Eur; 

day's  engagement.  *The  hangings  were  executed  from 
the  defigns  of  Henry  Cornelius  Vroom.  The  following 
is  an  alphabetical  lift  of  the  perfons  reprefented.  Their 
names  are  fpelt  as  they  ft  and  on  the  -prints.  Chriflo^ 
pher  Baker,  Sir  George  Be&on,  Sir  Charles  Blunt^  Sir 
Robert  Cary,  Captain  Crojfe,  the  earl  of  Cumberlandy 
Sir  Francis  Drake ^  {Charles  Howard,  Baron  of  Ef- 
finghani)  the  Lord  Admiral^  Sir  Martin  Frobijher, 
Sir  Thomas  Garrat,  Captain  Benjamin  Gonfon,  Sir 
John  Hawkins,  Sir  Edward  Hobye,  the  Lord  Thomas 
Howard,  Mr.  Knevet,  the  Earl  of  NorthuJiiberlandy 
Sir  Horatio  Palvocini,  Captain  George  Pennar,  Cap' 
tain  Penton,  the  Lord  Henry  Seymour,  the  Lord  Shef» 
field.  Sir  Robert  Southwell,  Sir  Thomas  Sycil,  Sir 
Roger  Tounfand,  Thomas  Vivajtr^  Mr  Willoughkf, 
Sir  William  Winter^ 

Thefe  brave  officers  and  volunteers  embarked 
with  a  refolution  Tuitable  to  the  greatnefs  of  the 
occafion,  and  of  that  age  of  heroes  in  which  they 
lived  ;  but  by  the  favour  of  heaven  which  fought 
for  the  Englifh,  there  occurred  no  fuch  oppor- 
tunities of  fignalizing  their  valour  as  prefented 
themfelves  to  the  Hawkes  and  Forrefts  of  the 
prefent  age.  See  fome  curious  particulars,  rela- 
tive to  their  engaging  the  armada,  in  the  "  Har- 
ieian  Mifcellany,"  vol.  i.  p.  123,  &c. 

Sir  FRANCIS  DRAKE;  From  an  origi- 

Jial  in  the  poffeffwn  of  Sif  Philip  Sydenham,  Bart. 
Knight  of  the  Jhire  for  Somerfet.  R.  White  fc.  h  fh* 
In  thefirji  edit,  of  Harris's  "  Voyages,^*  vol.  I.  p.  19. 

1  take  this  print  to  be  the  moil:  authentic 
portrait  of  Sir  Francis  Drake  extant.  The  ori- 
ginal piflure  delccnded  to  Sir  Philip  Syden- 
ham, of  Brimpton,  in  the  county  of  Somerfer, 
from  his  ancelior,  Sir  George  Sydenham,  vvhofc 
only  daughter  married  Sir. Francis  Drake  ■^. 

•  See  an  account  of  the  family  in  Collier's  "  Di6lioiiary." 

Draeck> 


Class VII.      op   ENGLAND.  243 

Draeck,  (Drake),  JSt.  43  -,  an  ancient  print ; 
his  right  hand  refling  on  a  helmet ;  a  terrejirial  globe 
fufp ended  under  an  arch ;  Jh.  The  plate  has  been  re- 
touched by  Vertue. 

Sir  Francis  Drake,  leaning  on  a  globe-,  Robert 
Boijfardjc.  One  of  the  Set  of  Admirals :  this  is  cO' 
pied  by  Vaiighan. 

Franciscus  Dracus,  &c.  itvo  hemifpheres  he- 
fore  him  \  Jodocus  Hondius  F lander  f.  Londini ;  Svo, 
Draeck,  &c.  Thomas  de  Leufc.  ^to. 
Fr  A N CI  s  c  u  s  D R A K  E .  In  the  ^^  Heroologia ;"  2^vo. 
Sir  Francis  Drake  ;  W.  Mar Jh all fc.  f mall.  In 
Fuller's  «  Holy  State.'' 

Sir  Francis  Drake;  Vaughan  fc.  in  armour; 
^to, 

Franciscus  Drake;  Be  Larmejfmfc.  ^to. 
Franciscus  Drake,  &c.  H.  Goltzius  f.  Svo. 
Sir  Francis  Drake;  J.  Honbraken  fc.  h.  fh, 
Illufi.  Head. 

Sir  Francis  Drake,  before  he  had  the  royal 
fanftion  for  his  depredations,  was  a  famous 
free-booter  againft  the  Spaniards.  The  queen 
made  no  fcruple  of  employing  fo  bold  and  en- 
terprizing  a  man  againft  a  people  who  were 
themfelves  the  greateft  free-booters  and  plun- 
derers amongft  mankind.  He  was  the  firft 
Englilhman  that  encompafled  the  globe.  Ma- 
gellan, whofe  fliips  pafTed  the  South  Seas  fome 
time  before,  died  in  his  paffage.  In  1587,  he 
burnt  one  hundred  veflels  at  Cadiz,  and  fuf- 
pended  the  threatened  invafion  for  a  year;  and, 
about  the  fame  time,  took  a  rich  Eaft  India 
carrack  near  theTerceras,  by  which  the  Englifh 
gained  fo  great  infight  into  trade  in  that  part 
of  the  world,  that  it  occafioned  the  eftablifh- 
ment  of  the  Kaft  India  Company.  In  1588  he 
was  appointed  vice-admiral  under  lord  Effing- 
ham, and  acquitted  himfclf  in  that  imporcanc 
R  2  command 


244 


ijos; 


The    history        Eliz: 

command   with  his  ufual  valour  and  condudl. 
Ob.  28  Jan.  \S9S-^' 

GUALTHERUS  RALEIGH,  eques 
auratus ;  in  armour-,  /\to. 

Sir  Walter  Raleigh  ferved  in  the  wars  in  the 
Low  Countries,  and  in  Ireland  ;  and  was  after- 
wards employed  in  difcoveries  in  the  Weft  In- 
dies, and  in  the  improvement  of  navigation,  to 
which  his  genius  was  llrongly  inclined.  In  1584 
he  difcovered  Virginia,  to  which  he  made  no 
lefs  than  five  voyages.  He  was  one  of  the  moft 
diilinguirhed  officers  on  board  the  fleet  which 
engaged  the  armada.  He  was  conftantly  em- 
ployed in  literary  purfuits  at  fea  and  land.  His 
learning  v/as  continually  improved  into  habits  of 
life,  and  helped  greatly  to  advance  his  know- 
ledge of  men  and  things ;  and  he  became  a  better 
foldier,  a  better  fca-officer,  an  abler  ftatefman, 
and  a  more  accomplifhed  courtier,  in  proportion 
as  he  was  a  better  fcholar.  He  was  conftituted 
vice-admiral,  1600.  Seethe  next  reign,  Clafs  IX. 

Sir  J  O  H  N  HAWKINS,  eight  Englijh 
verjes,  figmd  A,  H.  one  of  the  Set  of  Admirals  by 
Bcijjcird,  h.jh. 

Joannes  Hawkins.    In  the  "  Heroologia ;"  ^vo. 

Sir  John  Hawkins,  who  was  one  of  the  moft 
renowned  feamen,  and  braveft  officers  in  Eu- 
rope, was  rear-admiral  of  the  fleet  fent  out 
againll  the  armada;  in  deftroying  which  he  had 
a  principal  Ihare.  He  fignalized  himfelf  in  fe- 
veral  expeditions  to  the  Weft  Indies,  and  died 
in  that  againft  the  ifthmus  of  Darien ;  as  did 
alfo  Sir  Francis  Drake.  He  was  buried  in  the 
element  where  he  acquired  his  fame,  1595. 

Sir  MARTIN  FROBISHER*,  Knightj 
in  armour 't  fea;  army  on  the  fnores  ^to, 
•  He  fpelt  his  name  Frobifer, 

Mar- 


Class  VII.      of    ENGLAND.  245 

Martinus  Frobisherus,  E.  Auratus.  In  the 
"  Heroologia ;"  ^vo. 

Sir  Martin  Frobisher;  fix  EngUjh  vtrfes  \ 
one  of  the  fet  jufi  mentioned,  h.Jh. 

There  is,  or  was,  an  ancient  portrait  of  him 
in  the  ftair-cafe  leading  to  the  Pidure  Gallery 
at  Oxford. 

Sir  Martin  Frobifer  was  an  officer  of  diftinc- 
tion  on  board  the  fleet  which  engaged  the  ar- 
mada, and  had  a  great  fhare  in  the  danger  and 
honour  on  that  glorious  occafion.  In  1592,  he 
went  a  privateering  voyage  with  Sir  Walter 
Raleigh,  and  took  a  Spanilh  carrack  valued  at 
200,oool.  He  firft  attempted  to  difcover  a 
north-weft  paflage  to  China,  and  with  that  view 
made  feveral  voyages ;  in  one  of  which  he 
brought  away  a  man,  woman,  and  child,  from 
the  Straits  which  bear  his  name.  He  died  in 
1594  of  a  wound,  which  he  received  in  attempt- 
ing to  take  a  fort  near  Breft. 

RICHARDUS  GRENVILLUS,  Mil. 
Aur.   Jn  the  "  Heroologia  j"  %vo. 

Sir  Richard  Greenvile  was  vice-admiral  under 
lord  Thomas  Howard,  fon  to  the  duke  of  Nor- 
folk, who  was  fent  with  a  fquadron  of  ^twtn 
fhips  to  America,  to  intercept  the  Spanifh  gal- 
leons laden  with  treafure  from  the  Weft  Indies. 
Sir  Richard,  who  happened  to  be  feparated 
from  the  reft  of  the  fquadron,  unfortunately  fell 
in  with  the  enemies  fleet  of  fifty-two  fail,  which 
he  engaged  and  repulfed  fifteen  times.  He  con- 
tinued fighting  till  he  was  covered  with  blood 
and  wounds,  and  nothing  remained  of  his  fhip 
but  a  battered  hulk.  He  died  on  board  the 
Spanilh  fleet  three  days  after,  ejiprefllng  the 
R  3  higheft 


246  The    HISTORY  Eliz. 

highefi:  fatisfadtion  in  the  article  of  death,  at 
his  having  a6ted  as  a  true  foldier  ought  to  have 
done  ^'.  Oh,  1591.  He  was  grandfather  of  the 
famous  Sir  Bevil  Greenvile. 

CHRISTOPHER  CARLISLE,   an 

excellent  naval  officer.     See  the  firft  divifion  of 
this  Clafs, 


CLASS    VIIL 
KNIGHTS,  GENTLEMEN,  &c: 

Sir  NATHANIEL  BACON,  Knight 
of  the  Bath.     See  Clafs  X. 

HUMPHREDUS   GILBERTUS, 

Miles  Auratus.     Inthe  Heroologia^''  Svo. 

Sir  Humphrey  Gilbert,  Knt.  copied  from  ihe 
ahve;  ^to. 

Sir  Humphrey  Gilbert,  holding  an  armillary 
ffhere  ;  Virginia  at  a  dijlance. 

Sir  Humphrey  Gilbert,  brother-in-law,  by 
the  mother,  to  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  polTelTed, 
in  a  high  degree,  the  various  talents  for  which 
that  great  man  was  diftinguiflied.  He  gained 
a  confiderable  reputation  in  Ireland,  in  his  mili- 
tary capacity,  and  was  one  of  thofe  gallant  ad- 
venturers who  improved  our  navigation,  and 
opened  the  way  to  trade  and  commerce.  He 
took  poflTeffion  of  Newfoundland  in  the  name  of 
queen  Elizabeth ;  but  was  unfuccefsful  in  his 
attempt  to  fettle  a  colony  on  the  continent  of 

•  This  was  that  enthufiafm,  or  rather  madnefs  of  courage, 
which  fome  will  have  to  be  tlie  higheft  perfeftion  in  a  fea-officer. 
It  was  a  maxim  of  admiral  Howard,  who  lived  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  VIII.  that  a  dt>^ree  of  frenzy  was  neceflary  to  qualify  a 
man  for  thiat  flation. 

America. 


Class  VIII.      of   ENGLAND.  247 

America.     He,  as  well  as  Sir  "Walrer  Raleigh, 
purfued  his  ftudies  at  iea  and  land,  and  was 
leen  in  the  dreadful  tempefl:  which  fwallowed 
up  his  fliip,  fitting  unmoved  in  the  ftern  of  the 
veflel,  with  a  book  in  his  hand  -,  and  was  often 
heard  to  fay,  **  Courage  my  lads !    we  are  as 
*'  near  heaven  at  fca,  as  at  land."     He  always 
wore  on  his  breaft  a  golden  anchor  fufpended 
to  a  pear),  which  was  given  him  by  the  queen. 
There  was  a  portrait  of  him  in  the  pofTeflion  of 
his  defcendants  in  Devonfhire,  with  this  honour- 
able badge.    He  wrote  a  difcourfe  to  prove  that 
there  is  a  north-weft  paflage  to  the  Indies.     Ob. 
1583. 

THOMAS  CANDYSSH,  Nobilis  An- 

glus,  Midiiis  fuas  28. — Hac  ilia  eji^  candide  infpe£ior, 
illujirijfimi  Thorns  Canndyfjh,  nobilis  AngU,  ad  vivum 
imago -f  qui  ex  Anglia  2  i  Julti,  1586,  jiavem  confcen- 
dens^  totum  terra  ambitum  circumnavigavit,  rediitque 
in  patri<£  portum  Plimouth^  i^  Septemb.  15S8.  Jodo' 
cus  Hondius  fc.  Londini.  '^vo, 

ThoivIas  Candish  (or  CavendishJ  In  th^ 
"  Heroologia-^''  '^vo. 

Thomas  Cavendish,  YX(\.  fix  Englifh  verfes\ 
belonging  to  the  fet  of  admirals,  &c.  by  Boijfardy 
h.fo. 

Thomas  Candysh,  &c.  two  hemifpheres  before 
him-,  fix  Latin  verfes  ;  %vo.  neat  j  probably  by  one  of 
the  family  of  Fafs.  There  is  another  neat  print  of  him 
in  4.(0.  with  two  heinifpheres  and  fix  Englijh  verfes. 

Thomas  Candish  ;  Larmejfin  fc.  Copied  from 
the  "  Heroologia" 

Thomas  Cavendifli  was  a  gentleman  adven- 
•  tnrer,    who,   foon  after  the  commencement  of 
hoftilicies  between  England  and  Spain,  under- 
took to  annoy  the  Spaniards  in  the  Weft  Indies]-, 
R  4  and 


248  TheHISTORY         Eliz: 

and  carried  fire  and  fword  into  their  remoteft 
territories.  He  burnt  and  deftroyed  nineteen  of 
their  Ihips,  and  fook  the  admiral  of  the  South 
Seas,  valued  at  4^,800  1.  In  this  expedition 
he  encompafled  the  globe,  and  returned  in  great 
triumph  to  England.  His  foldiers  and  failors 
were  clothed  in  filk,  his  fails  were  damafk,  and 
his  top-maft  covered  with  cloth  of  gold.  In 
J391,  his  fecond  expedition,  he  fuffered  almoft  all  the 

miferies  that  could  attend  a  difaftrous  voyage  *. 
His  men  mutinied,  and  he  was  thought  to  have 
died  of  a  broken  heart  in  America,  1592  -f". 

THOMAS  GRESHA  MUS  :  De  fiSfura 
crchetypa  penes  Mercercrum  Socielaiemi  Vertue  fc» 
h.Jh. 

Sir  Thomas  Gresham;  Delaram/c,  ^to. 

Sir  Thomas  Greskam  ;  with  a  view  of  the  Royal 
Excbajige-,  Overton  exc.  whole  length  ,  h.Jh. 

Sir  Thomas  Gresham;  copied  from  the  next 
above.    Sold  by  Walton ;  6^to. 

Sir  Thomas  Gresham  ;  a fmall  ovaL 

Thomas  Gresham,  Miles,  &c.  Faber  /.  large 
^to.  mezz. 

Sir  Thomas  Gresham-,  a  whole  length-,  a  hak 
cf  goods  J  J'hip  under  fail,  U'c.  /^to. 

Sir  Thomas  Grefham  was  agent  in  the  Low 
Countries  for  Edward  VI.  queen   Mary,   and 
'     queen  Elizabeth.     His  mercantile  genius  exert- 
ed itfelf  not  only  in  contriving  excellent  fchemes 
for  paying  the  debts  of  the  crown,   and  extend- 

•  In  the  Straights  of  Magellan  his  men  perifhed  in  great  nurn- 
bers,  from  cold  and  famine.  Knivet's  feet  turned  quite  black 
witli  the  cold,  .Tnd  his  toes  came  off  with  his  ftockings.  An- 
other blowing  his  nofe  with  his  fingers,  threw  it  into  the  fire. 

t  Dr.  Ducarel  has  a  curious  drawing  by  Vertue,  from  an  original 
painting,  of  Captain  Thomas  Eldred,  who  failed  round  the  globe 
in  the  futeenth  century. 

ing 


Ct ASS VIII.      OF   ENGLAND. 

ing  our  foreign  trade,  but  alfo  in  introducing 
into  the  kingdom  the  manufadtures  of  fmall 
wares,  fuch  as  pins,  knives,  hats,  ribbands,  Sec. 
He  was,  in  a  word,  the  founder  of  commerce, 
and  of  the  Royal  Exchange  *.  Oh.  2 1  Nov.  1579. 

4fet  of  the  Lord  Mayors  of  London^  from  thefirft 
year  of  queen  Elizabeth  to  1601,  "jjhen  the  prints^ 
which  are  cut  in  wood^  were  puhlifhed.  Some  of  them 
ferve  for  fever al  mayors -f.  Under  the  portraits  are 
mentioned  their  charitable  gifts^  and  places  of  burial-, 
with  a  few  other  particulars,  ylmong  them  are  f even 
clothworkers,  jix  drapers^  one  fifjjmonger,  two  gold- 
fmiths,  fioc  grocers^  five  haherdafhers  |,  four  ironmon- 
gers^ five  mercers^  two  falters^  two  Jkinners^  two  mer- 
chant taylors,  and  one  vintner. 

The  perfonal  hiftory  of  thefe  city  magiftrates 
is  almoft  as  uniform  as  their  drefs  j  and  the  fim- 
plicity  and  plainnefs  of  their  manners  were  as 
different  from  thofe  of  fome  who  have  fince  fill- 
ed the  chair,  as  the  delicate  engraving  and  the 
bold  and  flaring  mezzotinto  are  from  the  rude 
effigy  cut  in  wood.  It  would  be  amufmg  to 
trace  the  progrefs  of  a  lord  mayor,  from  the 
loom  or  the  filhmonger's  ftall,  to  the  chair  of 
the  magiftrate  -,  to  be  informed  with  what  dif- 
ficulty he  got  the  firfl  hundred  pounds,  with 
how  much  lefs  he  made  it  a  thoufand,  and  with 
what  eafe  he  rounded  his  plumb.  Such  are,  in 
the  eye  of  reafon,  refpeflable  chara<5lers  ;  and 
the  more  fo,  as  they  rofe  with  credit  from  hum- 
bler ftations. 

•  Finifhed,  1569. 

t  This  circuniftance  brings  in  queftlon  the  authenticity  of  the 
fet.  Pofllbly  the  repetition  of  the  prints  was  only  when  originals 
could  not  be  procured. 

X  Among  tiiele  is  Sir  George  Barne,  who  was  lord  mayor  in  ' 
1586.     He  was  the  firft  merchant-ad venturer  to  Barbary,  Ruflia, 
^nd  Genoa. 

.  WOL- 


249 


250  The   HISTORY  Eliz; 

WOLSTANUS  DIXI  (Dixie)  Miles, 
Major  Civitatis  Londini,  1585  -,  H.  Holland,  exc. 
Svo. 

Sir  Wolftan  Dixie,  who  was  a  friend  to  his 
country  and  to  mankind,  deferves  to  be  remem- 
bered for  his  exemplary  charadler  as  a  magif- 
trate,  and  his  extenfive  charities;  for  a  detail  of 
which  the  reader  is  referred  to  "  Stow*s  Survey 
"  of  London.'*  The  prefent  Sir  Wolftan  Dixie 
has  more  reafon  to  boaft  of  having  fuch  an  an- 
ceftor  in  his  family,  than  of  the  tradition  that 
the  founder  of  it  was  allied  to  king  Egbert. 
See  the  *^  EngliQi  Baronets,"  ii.  p.  89. 

The  fet  of  the  lord  mayors  and  the  head  of 
Sir  Wolftan  Dixie,  are  extremely  rare;  the 
former  is  in  the  poffeflion  of  Jofeph  Gulfton, 
of  Ealing  Grove,  in  Middicfex,  Efq.  and  the 
latter  is  the  property  of  Richard  Bull.  Efq.  mem- 
ber of  parliament  for  Newport,  in  Cornwall  *. 

Sir  HENRY  TYRELL,  of  Springfield, 
Eflex;  ^t.  70,  1582.  From  the  original  in  the 
•pDJJejJion  of  Mr,  Cofway,  Elizabetha  Bridget t a  Gul' 
ft  on  deh  et  /.  in  aqua  forti,  Svo, 

Sir  Henry  Tirell  defcended  in  a  dire<5t  line 
from  fir  Walter,  who  accidentally  ftiot  William 
Rufus,  in  New  Foreft  in  Hampftiire.  This 
family,  which  long  flouriftied  at  Springfield,  is 
faid  to  have  enjoyed  the  honour  of  knighthood 
in  every  defcent,  for  fix  hundred  years.     John 

•  It  would  be  ingratitude  not  to  acknowledge  the  favours  which 
I  have  received  from  Sir  William  Mufgrave  and  both  thefe  gen- 
tlemen, not  only  in  the  free  accefs  which  I  have  had  to  tlieir  very 
copious  and  valuable  colledtions  of  Englifh  poj traits;  but  for 
their  readinefs  to  communicate  any  notices  relative  to  this  work, 
and  their  generous  encouragement  in  the  courfe  of  it, 

Tyrell,- 


Class VIII.    of  ENGLAND.  251 

Tirell,  efq.  of  that  place,  was  created  a  baronet 
22  0<S;ober  1666.  1  know  of  nothing  particu- 
larly memorable  concerning  Sir  Henry,  who 
*'  married  Thomafine  daughter  of  William  Gun- 
*«  fton,  of  London,  efq.  by  whom  he  had  feve- 
««  ral  children  *.'* 

ADRIAN  STOKES.    See  Frances  dut- 
chefs  of  Suffolk,  Clafs  XI. 

J.  B  R  U  E  N,  ^  fmall  head  in  Clark's  "  Marrow 
'*  of  Ecclefiajtical  Hijiory" 

John  Bruen,  of  Stapleford,  in  Chefliire,  was 
a  man  of  conliderable  fortune  who  received  his 
education  at  Alban  Hall,  in  the  univerfity  of 
Oxford,  where  he  was  a  gentleman  commoner. 
Though  he  was  of  puritan  principles,  he  was 
no  flave  to  the  narrow  bigotry  of  a  feiSt.  He 
was  hofpitable,  generous,  and  charitable,  and 
beloved  and  admired  by  men  of  all  perfuafions. 
He  was  confcientioully  pundual  in  all  the  pri- 
vate and  public  duties  A  religion,  and  divinity 
was  his  ftudy  and  delight.  He  was  a  frequenter 
of  the  public  fermons  of  thefe  times,  called 
prophecyings ;  and  it  was  his  conftant  pra6lice 
to  commit  the  fubftance  of  what  he  had  heard 
to  writing  f.     Ob,  1625,  Mt.  65- 

W  I  L- 

•  "  Englifh  Baronets,"  ii.  p.  454. 

•f  See  more  of  him  in  the  fecond  part  of  the  book  above  men- 
tioned. The  author  informs  us,  that  Mr.  Bruen  had  a  fervant, 
ramed  Robert  Pasfield,  who  was  mighty  in  the  Scriptures," 
though  he  could  neither  write  nor  read.  He  was,  indeed,  as  re- 
markable for  remembering  texts  and  fermons  as  Jedidiah  Buxton 
for  remembering  numbers.  "  For  the  help  of  his  memory,  he 
"  invented  and  framed  a  girdle  of  leather,  long  and  large,  which 
"  went  twice  about  him.  This  he  divided  into  feveral  parts,' 
"  allotting  every  book  in  the  Bible,  in  their  order,  to  Tome  of 
'•'  thefe  divifions;  then,  for  the  chapters,  he  afiixed  points  or 
"  thongs  of  leather  to  the  feveral  divifions,  and  made  knot-;  by 
"  fives  or  tens  thereupon,  to  diltinguifh  the  chapters  of  that  book  ; 

••and 


252  The    HISTORY         Eliz; 

Promoted        WILLIAMCAMDEN,  Clarencieux  king 
^jg7. '      at  arms.      See  Clafs  IX.  in  this,   and  the  next 
reign. 

CLASS     IX. 

MEN  of  GENIUS  and  LEARNING. 
&c. 

ELIZABETH  A,  Regina;  R.  Uouflon 
/.  me'zz.  Copied  from  the  "  Heroologia -,''  for  Roll's 
"  Lives." 

Queen  Elizabeth,  who  underftood  fix  lan- 
guages, makes  a  confiderable  figure  among  the 
learned  ladies  "*.  Her  tranflation  of  the  "  Me- 
*'  ditations  of  the  queen  of  Navarre,"  was 
printed  at  London  in  1548  -,  her  tranflation  of 
"  Xenophon's  Dialogue  between  Hiero  and 
"  Simonides,  was  firft  printed  in  1743,  in 
N^  II  of  the  '*  Mifcellaneous  Correfpondence.'* 
Several  of  her  letters  are  in  the  "  Sylloge  Epif- 
"  tolarum."  See  the  "  Catalogue  of  Royal 
"  and  Noble  Authors." 

PHYSICIANS.     . 


.  Dr.   C  A  I  U  S.     See  the  preceding  reign. 
WILLIAM  BULLEYN,  phyfician  ; 

a  wooden  print  \  profile  •,  long  beard.  From  his  ''  Go- 
"  vernment  of  Healthy'  1548;  '6vo. 

*'  and  by  other  points  he  divided  the  chapters  into  their  particii- 
•'  lar  contents  or  verfes,  as  occafion  required.  This  he  ufed  in- 
*'  ftead  of  pen  and  ink,  in  hearing  rermons,  and  made  fo  good 
"  ufe  of  it,  that,  coming  home,  he  was  able  by  it  to  repeat  the 
"  fermon,  quote  the  texts  of  fcriptiire,  Sec.  to  his  own  great  com- 
**  fort,  and  to  the  benefit  of  others ;  which  girdle  mailer  Bruen 
**  kept  after  his  death,  hung  it  up  in  his  ftudy,  and  would  mer- 
««  rily  call  it  The  Girdle  of  Verity." 

•  See  Roger  Afcham's  V/orks,  p.  242,  272, 

There 


Class  IX.       of    ENGLAND.  253 

There  is  a  whole  length  of  him  cut  in  wood,  with 
four  Englijh  verfes.    It  belo?2gs  to  his  'ujorks  in  folio, 

WiLHELMUS    BULLEN,     M.     D.    &C.      F.    WlL 

Stukeleyy  1722  ;  floruit  15^0  ;  fmall. 

William  Bulleyn  was  a  phyfician  of  great 
learning  and  experience,  and  a  very  eminent 
botanift.  He  travelled  over  a  confiderable  part 
of  Germany  and  Scotland,  chiefly  with  a  view 
of  improving  himfelf  in  the  knowledge  of 
plants  •,  and  was  not  only  familiarly  acquainted 
with  the  names  and  charaflers  of  Englilh  vege- 
tables, but  was  alfo  well  Il^illed  in  their  virtues  ^. 
He  read  the  Greek,  Roman,  and  Arabian  au- 
thors, in  his  own  faculty,  and  wrote  feveral 
medical  treatifes  himfelf.  The  colleftion  of  his 
works  is  intitled,  *'  BuHeyn's  Bulwarke  of  De- 
*'  fence  againft  all  Sicknes,  Sorenes,  and 
"  Woundes,  that  do  daily  afTaulte  Mankind ; 
*'  which  Bulwarke  is  kept  with  Flillarius  the 
"  Gardener,  Health  the  Phyfician,  with  their 
"  Chyrurgian  to  help  the  wounded  Soldiors, 
"  &c."  1562;  fol.  In  this  colle(5lion  is  his 
"  Book  of  Simples  -f,"  his  "  Dialogue  be- 
*'  twixt  Sorenefs  and  Surgery,  Sec."  He  was 
an  anceftor  to  the  late  Dr.  Stukeley.  Oh.  7.  Jan, 
1576.      . 

"  RICHARD    HAYDOCKE,   M.  D. 

Frontifpiece  to  his  tranfiation  of  Lomazzo,  or  L.oma-' 
tius's  "  Art  of  Fainting^^  '59^;  a  pot  folio, 
There  is  a  copy  cftkis  Head  by  John  Thane, 

*  The  knowledge  of  plants  is  ufually  limited  to  their  names 
and  clafTes,  without  attenJing  to  their  virtues.  But  the  greateft 
j'overs  of  the  delightful  Itudy  of  Botany  muft  own,  that  a  common 
farmer.,  who  knows  what  fimples  will  make  a  good  drench  for  a 
cow,  is  pofielfed  of  more  valuable  knowledge  than  a  mere  verbal 
botanift,  who  can  remember  all  the  names  in  a  vegetable  fyftem. 

t  The  oldeft  herbal  in  the  Englirti  language  is  that  by  Dr.  Tur- 
ner, in  the  black  letter,  1551  j  folio. 

Richard 


254.  The    HISTORY        Eliz; 

Richard  Haydocke  was  educated  at  New 
College  in  Oxford,  and  pradifed  phyfic  at  Sa- 
lifbury,  and  afterwards  in  London.  He  pub- 
jifiied  a  tranflation  of  Lomazzo's  "  Art  of  Paint- 
•*'  ing,"  which  was  firfl:  printed  at,  Milan,  in 
the  Italian  language,  1583.  Mr.  Hogarth  fan- 
cied he  faw  the  fundamental  principle  of  his 
*'  Analyfis  of  Beauty"  in  this  tranflation  *, 
couched  in  the  following  precept  of  Michael 
Angelo  to  Marco  da  Sienna  his  fcholar ;  "  That 
*'  he  fliould  always  make  a  figure  pyramidal, 
*'  ferpent-like,"  and  multiplied  by  "  one,  two, 
*'  and  three  f."  Sir  Richard  Baker  tells  us,  that 
*'  one  Richard  Haydocke  of  New  College  in 
*'  Oxon,  pretended  to  preach  in  his  fleep,  and 
*'  was  by  king  James  difcovered  to  be  a  moun- 
*'  tebank  J."  He  died  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 
See  the  Clafs  of  Artifts. 

WILLIAM  CUNYNG  HAM,  of  Nor- 
wich, do(5lor  in  phyfic,  ^t.  28  ;  well  cut  in  wood, 
with  Diofcorides*s  Book  of  Plants  open  befere  him.  It 
is  prefixed  to  his  "  Cofmographical  Glajje,  conteyning 
«'  the  pleafant  Prvnciples  of  Cofmcgraphie,  Geographic^ 
"  Hydrographies  or  Navigation.''^ 

In  the  dedication,  he  mentions  other  works 
of  his  own  compofition,  in  aftronomy  and 
chronology;  and  a  commentary  upon  Hippo- 
crates de  Acre,  Jquis,  &  Regionibus,  He  was 
alio  author  of  a  Treatile  of  the  French  Difeafe. 
He  executed  feveral  of  the  cuts  in  the  "  Cof- 
«  mographical  Glafs"  himfelf.  The  map  of 
"  Norwich,  belonging  to  this  book,  which  was 


•  See  the  "  Analyfis." 

t  }lay<locke's  Trandat.  S:z.  p.  j?; 

;Chroii.  p.  591. 


printed 


Class  IX.       of   ENGLAND.  25$ 

printed  in  the  black  letter,  folio,  15591  is  curi- 
ous and  fine. 

MARCUS  RIDLEUS,  Cantabrigienfis, 
imperatoris  Ruflise  archiatrus,  Mt.  34,  1594. 

*«  JMiflus  ab  Elifa  Ruthenis  quinque  per  annos, 
*«  Anglis  ni  defis,  te  vocat  ilia  domum. 
*«  Tute  mathematicis  clarus,  magnetica  calles, 
^*  Paeonias  laudes  do6lus  ubique  capis." 

A  quarto  'print. 

Mark  Ridley  was  phyfician  to  the  company 
of  Englifh  merchants  refiding  in  Ruflia,  and 
afterwards  to  the  Ruffian  emperor.  After  his 
return  to  England  he  was  chofen  one  of  the 
eight  principals  or  clefts  of  the  College  of 
Phyficians.  He  was  author  of  a  "  Treatife  of 
*'  Magnetical  Bodies,"  in  which  he  intimates, 
that  longitudes  might  be  rcflified  by  the  nautic 
needle*.  About  the  year  161 7,  he  publiflied 
animadverfions  upon  Barlow's  "  Magnetical 
"  Advertifement."  See  "  Athen.  Oxon."  I.  col. 

495- 

THOMAS  GALUS,  Chirurgus,  iEr.  56, 
1563  ;  ovaly  cut  in  wood^  ^voftze. 

Thomas  Gale  is  faid,  by  biftiop  Tanner  -f, 
to  have  been  the  moft  celebrated  furgeon  of  his 
time  ;  and  to  have  been  educated  under  Rich- 
ard Ferris,  principal  furgeon  to  queen  Eliza- 
beth. Yec  the  fame  author  informs  us,  that 
he  was  in  the  army  of  Henry  VIII.  at  Muttrel, 
(Montreuil),  in  1544;  and  with  King  Philip 
at  St.  Quincin,  in  1557.  This  feems  to  clafli 
with  chronology  ;    but  is,   however,  far  from 

•  Vide,  cap.  43. 

t  See  his  "  Bibliotheca." 

being 


255  T  H  E  H  I  S  T  O  R  Y         Eliz; 

being  impoITible,  as  Ferris  might  have  flourilh- 
ed  in  the  time  of  Henry  and  the  three  fublequent 
reigns,  without  being  fo  old  as  feme  eminent 
furgeons  now  living.  He  was  author  of  an 
"  Enchiridon  of  Chirurgerie,"  of  "  An  Infti- 
"  tution  of  a  Chirurgean,'*  and  alfo  publifhed 
a  colledion  of  his  own  pieces  in  folio,  1563  •,  to 
all  which  his  head  hath  been  prefixed.  The 
mofl:  curious  of  his  works  is  an  Herbal,  con- 
fifting  of  fuch  plants  as  are  ufed  in  furgery, 
with  figures.  He  pradifed  in  London,  and  died 
in  the  year  1586. 

J.  H.  (JOHN  HALL,  Surgeon,)  yS/.  35, 
1564,  Svo.  He  holds  a  plant  in  his  hand  ;  under  the 
head  are  feveral  Latin  ijerjes*  It  is  before  his  tranf- 
lation  of  the  "  Chirurgia  Parva,"  of  Lanfranke. 

John  Hall,  a  furgeon  of  Maidftone,  in  Kent, 
wrote  and  tranflatcd  feveral  chirurgical  treatifes, 
of  which  biQiop  Tanner  has  given  us  a  detail. 
He  was  alfo  author  of  a  book  of  Hymns  with 
niufical  notes. 

PETER  LEVENS,  holding  a  urinal,  I.  C, 
fc.     Before    "  "The  Path-way  to   Health^''    1664, 
i2mo. 

Peter  Levens,  who  fludied  and  pradifed  both 
phyfic  and  furgery,  is  ftyled,  "  Mafter  of  Arts, 
"  of  Oxon,"  in  the  title  to  his  book,  called, 
"  The  Path-way  to  Health,  wherein  are  moft 
"  excellent  and  approved  Medicines  of  great 
•'  Virtue,"  &c.  This  book  was  firft  publifhed 
in  1587.  Mr.  Wood  informs  us  that  the  au- 
thor, or  rather  colledtor  of  thefe  receipts,  who 
appears  to  have  been  no  graduate  in  phyfic, 
was  fome  time  fellow  of  Magdalen  college,  in 
Oxford.  Mr  Boyle's  "  Medicinal  Experiments, 

**  or 


Class  IX.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  isi 

*^  or  a  Colledlion  of  choice  and  fafe  Remedies," 
for  the  ufe  of  families  and  country-people,  is 
the  mod  noted  book  of  this  kind.  John  Weft- 
ley  hath  publifhed  a  colledlion  of  receipts,  call- 
ed "  Primitive  Fhyfic,"  among  which  are 
fome  very  good  ones,  particularly  Sir  Stephen 
Fox's  remedy  for  weak  eyes.  This  book,  by 
the  help  of  the  title,  hath  had  a  good  run  *, 
particularly  among  the  methodifts,  whofe  faith 
co-operating  with  nature,  frequently  made  them 
whole,  when  Mr.  Weftley  had  the  credit  of  the 
cure. 

Sir  G  E  O R G  E  B  A  K  E  R,  ^  fmall  woodprint, 
whole  length,  Jianding  in  his  laboratory.     From  his 
fecond   "  Book  of  Dijiillaticns^  containing  fundrie  ex^ 
"  ceilent  Remedies  of  dijiilkd  Water s,^^  1599?  4^'7' 
Thefe  remedies  are  now  neglefled,  as  Galeni- 
cal have  generally  given  place  to  ehymical  me- 
dicines. 

ENGLISH    POETS. 

EDMUND  SPENCER;  Vertue fc, 

''^  Anglica  te  vivo  vixit  plaufitque  poefis, 
"  Nunc  moritura  timet  te  moriente  mori." 

Camden, 
One  of  the  fet  of  poets  \  large  h.Jh, 

Edmund  Spencer  ;   Vertue  fc.  Svo, 
There  is  a  fainting  of  him  at  Cajtle  Duplin^  the  re^ 
fidence  of  the  earl  of  KinnouU  in  Scotland. 

Edmund  Spencer,  the  celebrated  author  of 
the  "  Fairy  Queen,'*  was  father  of  the  Englilli 
heroic  poem,   and  of  true  paftoral  poetry  in 

•  The  thirteenth  edition,  now  before   me,    was  printed  ir» 
1768. 

Vol.  I.  S  Englandj 


258  The    HISTORY  Eliz. 

England.  He  llinds  diftincruifnt^d  from  almoft 
all  other  poets,  in  that  faculty  by  which  a  poet 
is  diftinguifhed  from  other  writers,  namely, 
invention ;  and  excelled  all  his  contemporaries 
in  harmonious  verfification.  The  flanza  of 
Spenfer,  and  the  old  words  which  conftantly 
occur  in  his  works,  contribute  to  give  this  great 
poet  an  air  of  peculiarity  :  hence  it  is  that  al- 
moft all  the  imitations  of  him  lefemble  the  ori- 
ginal *.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  fuch  vigour 
of  imagination  and  harmony  of  numbers  fhould 
have  been  lavifned  upon  an  endlefs  and  unin- 
terefting  allegory,  abounding  with  all  the  whini- 
fies  of  knight  errantry.  It  ought  at  the  fame 
time  to  be  remembered,  that  it  was  much  more 
interefting  in  the  days  of  Elizabeth  than  it  is  in 
the  prefcnt  age.  According  to  lord  Lytttkon, 
he  has,  in  his  poem,  reprefented  that  great 
queen  *'  as  the  patronefs  of  the  moft  fublime 
"  chivalry,  and  as  fending  forth  the  moral  vir- 
**  tues,  illuftrated  under  the  ch?r3(5ters  of  dif- 
"  fcrent  knights,  &c.  In  this  light,  the  "Fairy 
"  Queen"  is  as  much  a  ftate  poem  as  tlie 
"  i^neis  of  Virgi!  -f."  ParnatTus  proved  a 
very  barren  f  )il  to  him.  The  queen  was  far  from 
havingajuft  fenfeof  his  merit;  and  lord'Burleigh, 
who  prevented  h.M-  giving  him  a  hundred  pounds, 
feems  to  have  thought  the  loweft  clerk  in  his 
office  a  more  deferving  perfon.  It  was  very 
hard  that  a  genius  who  did  honour  to  his  coun- 
try,  fhould  get  lefs  by  writing,  than  a  journey-^ 

•  Peculiarity  of  any  kind  isftrikinsr;  and  in  proportion  as  it 
iis  fo,  is  generaliy  more  iiiiitable,  eitht-r  ia  pos'ry  or  pniiitine;.  It 
is  eafier  to  imitate  the  ftyle  of  a  maimerlit,  than  the  fimplicity  ol 
Raphael  or  Pouflin. 

f  Notes  to  the  fecond  book  of  tlie  Life  of  Henry  II.  p.  53. 

mr.n 


Class  IX.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  259 

man  mechanic  employed  in  printing  his  works. 
He  died  in  wane  of  bread,    1599. 

WILLIAM   SHAKESPEARE;  ad 

orig.  tab.  penes  D.  Harky,  Vertue  fc.  1721  ;  4/^?. 

William  Shakespeare,  ccc.  Vertus fc.  ijig* 
Done  from  the  original  now  in  the  poffejfton  cf  Ro- 
bert Keck  of  the  Inner  'Temple,  Efq.  "^  large  h.  fh. 

William  Shakespeare.  In  the  p^ffeffton  of 
John  Nicoll  of  Southgate,  Efq.  Houhrakcn  fc.  17 ^J  , 
Illuji.  Head. 

William  SnAKESfEAPvE  •,  Zonft.  p.  From  a 
tapital  piElure  in  the  collection  cfT.  IVright^  painter  in 
Covent  Garden.     J.  Sirinon  f,  h.fJj.  mezz. 

This  was  painted  in  the  reign  of  Charles  II. 

William  Shakespeare-,  JV.  Mmfloall  fc- 
Frontifpiece  to  his  pcefns^  1640;   i2mo. 

William  Shakespeare  •,  Arlaiid  deh  Da- 
change  fc.  /\.to. 

William  Shakespeare-,  J.  Payne  fc.  He  is 
reprefented  with  a  laurel  branch  in  his  left  hand. 

William  Shakespeare-,  L.  du  Guernierfc. 

William-  Shakespeare  -,  fmall%  with  fveral 
other  heads.,  before  Jacob's  "  Lives  of  the  Dramatic 
"  Poets^'  1719  ;  8w. 

*  It  has  been  Hiid  that  there  never  was  an  orignial  portrait  of 
Shakefpeare ;  but  that  Sir  Thomas  Clarges,  after  his  death, 
caufed  a  portrait  to  be  drawn  for  him,  from  a  perfon  who  nearly 
refembled  him.  Mr.  Walpole  informs  me,  that  the  only  origi- 
nal piflure  of  Shakefpeare  is  that  which  belonged  to  Mr.  Keck, 
from  whom  it  paffed  to  Mr.  Nicoll,  whofe  only  daughter  married 
the  marquis  of  Caernarvon;  This  agrees  with  what  is  laid  'v\ 
the  "  Critical  Review,"  for  December,  177O,  in  relation  to  the 
fame  portrait,  which  is  there  alfo  faid  to  have  been  "  painted 
"  either  by  Richard  Barba;::e,  or  Jolin  Taylor  the  Player,  the 
"  latter  of  whom  left  it  by  will  to  fir  William  Davenant.  After 
"  his  death,  Betterton,  the  aclor,  bought  it;  and  when  he  died, 
"  Mr.  Keck  of  the  Temple  gave  forty  guineas  for  it  to  Mrs.  Bar- 
"  ry  the  Ailrefs."  Mr,  Walpole  adds,  that  Marfaall's  print  is 
genuine  too,  and  probably  drawn  from  the  life. 

S  2  William 


26o  The    HISTORY         Eliz. 

William   Shakespeare,   with    the   heads  of 
Johnfon,  ^c.  h.  JJo.  mezz. 

Though  Shakefpeare  be  a  writer  of  a  mixed 
charafter,  he  will  ever  be  ranked  in  the  firft 
clafs  of  our  Englilli  poets.  His  beauties  are  his 
own,  and,  in  the  ftrifteft  fenfe,  original.  The 
faults  found  in  him  are  chiefly  thofe  of  the  age 
in  which  he  lived,  his  tranfcribcrs,  and  his  edi- 
tors. He  not  only  excelled  in  copying  nature, 
but  his  imagination  carried  him  beyond  it.  He 
had  all  the  creative  powers  of  fancy  to  form 
new  charaders^;  and  was  more  an  original 
genius  than  any  other  writer.  He,  like  other 
great  poets,  has  had  the  felicity  of  having  his 
faults  admired,  for  the  fake  of  his  beauties. 
See  the  next  reign, 

JOHNDONNE,  ^^    i8;    Marjhall  fc. 
Frontifpiece  to  his  Poems^  1^35  i  i2ff?(7. 

John  Donne,  ilyled  by  Mr.  Dryden  "  the 
^'  greateft  wit,  though  not  the  greateft  poet, 
"of  our  nation,'*  wrote  on  various  fubje6ts ; 
but  his  greateft  excellency  was  fatire.  He  had 
a  prodigious  richnefs  of  fancy  ;  but  his  thoughts 
were  much  debafed  by  his  verification.  Drum- 
mond,  the  famous  Scottifh  poet,  affirmed  to 
Ben  Johnfon,  that  he  vvrote  his  belt  pieces  be- 
fore he  was  twenty  five  years  of  age  : 

"  'Twas  then  plain  Donne  in  honeft  vengeance 

"  rofe, 
"  His    wit  harmonious,    but    his    rhyme    vv'as 

"  profe." 

Dr.  Brown's  Ejfay  on  Satire. 

See  the  next  reign,  Clafs  IV.  and  iX. 

•  His  Caliban,  Fairies,  &c. 

T  H  O- 


ClassIX.      ofENGLANND.  261 

THOMAS  SACKVILLE,  lord  Buck- 
hurft,  afterwards  lord-trearurer,  and  earl  of  Dorlec. 
See  the  next  reign. 

M  I  C  H  A  E  L    D  R  A  Y  T  O  N.      See  the 

next  reign. 

SAMUEL  DANIEL,  poet-laurcat.  Sec 
the  next  reign. 

PHILIPPUS  SIDNEYUS:  VanHovefc. 

This  accompiiQied  gentleman  feems  to  have 
been  the  delight  and  admiration  of  the  age  of 
Elizabeth,  rather  for  the  variety,  than  the  great- 
nefs  of  his  genius.  He  that  was  the  ornament 
of  the  univerfity,  was  alio  the  ornament  of  the 
court;  and  appeared  with  equal  advantage  in  a 
field  of  battle,  or  at  a  tournament ;  in  a  private 
converfation  among  his  friends,  or  in  a  public 
charader  as  an  ambaffador.  His  talents  were 
equally  adapted  to  profe  or  verfe,  to  original 
compofition,  or  tranQation.  His  *'  Arcadia*' 
was  not  only  admired  for  its  novelty,  but  con- 
tinued to  be  read  longer  than  fuch  compofitions 
lifually  are,  and  has  palTed  through  fourteen 
editions.  The  reader  will  find  the  language  of 
the  Arcadia  incomparably  better  than  the  af- 
feded  pedantic  Ifyle  of  Lilly's  "  Euphues,'* 
\yhich  was  much  read  and  admired  by  the  la- 
dies at  court  in  this  reign.  He  died  ^  the  i6th 
of  Oa  1586. 

Sir  J  O  H  N  H  A  R  I  N  G  T  O  N  ;  with  a 
ivaich  lying  on  a  talk ;  ajmall  oval^  engraved  by  Wm. 
Rogers :  In  the  title  to  his  tranjlation  of  "  Orlando 
"'  Furiofi;'  1591  ;  fol. 

*  *'  Ennobled  by  himfelf,  by  all  approv'd, 
•'  Prais'd,  wept,  and  honour'd,  by  the  mufe he  lov'd.  Pope. 

S  3  There 


262  T  H  E    H  I  S  T  O  R  Y         Eliz. 

'There  is  a  better  -print  of  him  by  'Thomas  Cock/on, 
before  the  fir fi  edition  of  his  "  Tranflation  of  ArioftoJ* 

There  are  two  original  pidures  of  him  in  the 
poffefTion  of  Dr.  f-iaringcon  of  Bath,  who  is 
lineally  defcended  from  him. 

Sir  John  Harington  had,  in  his  time,  a  very 
confidcrable  reputation  as  a  poet  and  tranflator, 
and  was  alfo  noted  for  his  ready  wit.  He  was 
author  of  four  books  of  epigrams,  which  were 
printed  after  his  deceafe.  His  "  Tranflation  of 
"  Ariollo"  was  publiflied  in  his  life-time,  with 
cuts  *.  His  geniuc  was  thought  to  be  better 
fuited  to  epigram,  than  heroic  poetry.  He  was 
god-fon  to  queen  Elizabeth. 

GEORGE  GASCOIGNE;  in  armour  % 
ruff\  large  beard]  on  his  right  hand  a  mujket  and 
handeleers ;  on  his  left.,  books  ^  &c.  under  neat  h,  "  Tam 
;"  Marti,  quam  Mer curio. "" 

George  Gafcoigne,  a  gentleman  of  a  good  edu- 
cation, ferved  with  reputation  in  the  wars  in  the 
Low  Countries  ;  and  after  his  return  to  En- 
gland, diflinguifoed  himfelf  by  his  writings  in 
profe  and  verfe.  He  publiflied  feveral  books 
of  pocr.ts  with  fantaftic  titles,  namely  *'  Flow- 
"  ers,"  "  Herbs,"  "  Weeds,"  &c.  Among 
which  are  feveral  dramatic  pieces.  He  was  ef- 
teemed  the  befb  love-poet  of  his  age.  There  is 
a  pamphlet  in  the  black  letter,  intitled,  "  A 
"  Remembrance  of  the  well-employed  Life  and 
*'  godly  End  of  George  Gafcoigne,  Efq.  who 
**  deceafed  at  Stamford,  in  Lincolnlhire,  Od. 
**  7,  1577,"  by  George  Whetftone,  Gent.  This 
contradids  the  date  of  his  death,  which  I  took 
from  the   "  Athena;  Oxonienfes."     See  "  Re- 

*  See  the  preface  to  this  work. 

,    /  **  liques 


Class  IX.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  26^ 

f'  liques  of  aacient  Englifh  Poetry,"  ii.  p.  135, 
2d  edit.  The  print  of  him  is  prefixed  to  his 
"  Steele  Glafs,  a  Satire,"  Lond.  1576-,  41:0. 
before  which  are  commendatory  verfes  by  Wal- 
ter Rawley,  and  Oihers.    OZ*.  1578. 

SCOTCH    POETS. 

GEORGE  B  U  C  H  A  N  AN  ;  F  Pourbusp. 
J.   Hcubraken.  fc.   ij^i.     In  the  Colk^ficn  cf  Dr,     ■ 
Mead;  llluft.   Bead. 

Gfc:0RGiU5  BucHANANUs;    Mt.  76 J    Ejme   de 
Boulonois  f  /\to. 

Another  by  the  fame  hand,  JEt.  77,  h.  (h. 

Georgius  Buck  an  anus  ;  J.  C.  H.  f.     A  copy 
from  the  above.     In  BoiJTard ;  ^to. 

Georgius  Buchananus  ;  R.  V.  S,  F.  in  a  cy- 
pher ;    l'27no. 

Gf.orgius  Buchananus  ;  R.  White fc.  h.  (h. 

There  n  a   mean  print  cf  him  by  Clarke,  fmall 

^VQ,    cr    12  7110. 

George  Buchanan,  a  very  celebrated  Scot- 
tifii  poet  and  hidorian,  who  in  both  thofe  chi- 
raclers  has  happily  emulared  the  fimplicity  and 
beau:y  of  the  ancients,  was  preceptor  to  James 
VI.  The  moil  applauded  of  his  poetical  works 
is  his  tranOation  of  the  Pfulms,  particularly  of 
the  CIV  *.     His  Hiftory  cf  Scotland,  in  which 

*  This  Pfalm  lias  been  tranflated  into  Latin  by  nine  Scottiflx 
poets.  Eight  of  tl'.efe  trsnflation?  wer^  printed  at  Edinburgl), 
1699,  lanio.  togerl.er  witli  the  "  Poetic  Diul*'  of  T^r.  George 
Eglilein  with  Buchniian.  The  former  accnftd  iliat  great  poet  of 
bad  Latm,  and  bad  poetry,  in  Ins  vcrfion  of  tiiis  Pfalm,  and  made 
no  fcruple  of  preferring  hi-s  own  tranflation  of  it  to  B'.ichanan  s. 
The  "  Conrdium  Collegii  Meiiici  Paiifienfis  de  Mania  G.  Evin'e- 
•■•  mii,  quam  prodidit  Scrip'o,"  is  well  worth  the  readers  perufkl 
for  its  pieafantry:  it  is  piefixed  to  the  "Poetic  Duel."  The 
ninth  Latin  tranflation  of  the  CIV.  PAlm,  was  by  the  famous 
Dr.  Pitcairne.  It  was  publiihed  in  the  name  of  Walter  Dannifton. 
There  is  an  admired  verfion  of  this  Pfalni  in  Englifh  by  Black- 
Jock,  a  poet  of  ti\e  fame  nation,  who  was  born  blind.  See  his 
Poems  publiflied  by  Mr.  Spence. 

S  4  he. 


2^4  The    HISTORY  Etiz. 

he  has  treated  the  charaffter  of  Mary,  the  mo- 
ther of  his  royal  pupil,  with  great  freedom, 
has  been  read  in  the  fchools  in  that  kingdom  as 
a  Latin  clalTic*.     Oh.  28  Sept.  1582.   Mt.  76. 

Jacobus  Critonjus,  Salminicio  fc.  o6iavo  fizci 
Jn  the  "  Mujciim  Hijlorictim^^  of  Imperialism  Pcorly 
executed^  hut  moji  frcbably  authentic.  A  print  of  him 
is  JJDW  -f  engraving  for  the  fecond  part  of  Mr.  Pennant^  x 
*'  'Tour  in  Scotland."  The  drawi::g  was  taken  from 
a  pEliire  in  the  foffeffion  of  herd  Eliock,  a  Lord  of  the 
S'ffion  at  Edinburgh.  This  is  a  copy,  by  a  grandfon 
cf  Sir  John  Medina,  from  the  original^  in  the  poffeffwn, 
of  Mr.  Graham,  of  Airtjp' 

There  is  a  genuine  picture  of  him  in  the  pof- 
feflion  of  Mr.  Alexander  Morifon,  of  Bagnie, 
in  the  county  of  Bamff,  in  Scotland.  It  is  fup- 
pofed  that  this  portrait  was  fent  from  Italy,  by 
himfelf,  to  Vifcount  Fendraught,  the  chief  of 
the  family  of  Crichton  J. 

This  amazing  genius  feems  to  have  furprifed 
and  aftonifhed  mankind,  like  a  new  northern 
ilar.  We,  together  with  an  athletic  ftrength 
and  fingular  elegance  of  form,  pofTeflcd  the 
various  powers  of  the  human  mind  in  their  full 
force,  and  almoft  every  acquired  talent  that 
could  recommend  the  man,  or  adorn  the  gen- 
tleman. One  would  imagine  that  he  was  m  a 
of  the  art  for  which  Raymond  Lully  is  faid  to 
have  been  diftinguiftied  ;  that  of  talking  readily 
upon  fubjecls  which  he  did  not  underftand : 
but  he  dilputed  with  adepts  and  learned  doc- 
tors, and  foiled  literary  champions  at  their  own 

»  The  *'  Hiftory  of  Scotlan<l,"  by  Dr.  Robertfon,  Ijas  adde4 
to  the  number  of  our  Englilh  claflics. 
f  April,  1773. 
j  See  Pennant's  "  Tour  in  Scotland,"  p,  ix^, 

weapon?. 


Glass  IX.      of  ENGLAND.  26s 

weapons.  If  all  that  is  faid  of  him  by  authors 
of  charadler  be  true,  he  is  much  better  intitled 
to  the  appellation  of  Phoenix  than  John  Picus 
Mirandula  j  but  the  elevation  and  extenfion  of 
the  genius  of  this  wonderful  man  appears  to 
have  been  "  more  a  flight  than  a  growth."  If 
he  had  lived  longer,  and  written  more  *,  it  is 
probable  that  his  works  would  nor,  like  thofe  of 
his  countryman  Buchanan,  have  continued  un- 
impaired by  time.  Crichton  {hot  up  like  the 
mountain  pine  j  Buchanan  rofe  flowly  like  the 
oak-f.  The  one  is  rather  an  object  of  tempo- 
rary admiration ;  the  other  retains  its  ftrength 
and  beauty,  after  it  hath  ftood  the  fliock  of 
ages.  It  is  probable,  that  the  great  qualities  of 
Crichton  ferved  to  precipitate  his  fate.  Vicen- 
cio  de  Gonzaga,  prince  of  Mantua,  his  pupil, 
prompted  by  jealoufy  or  envy,  bafely  attacked, 
iand  brutally  murdered  him,  in  the  ftreet,  in 
the  time  of  Carnival,  in  the  year  1583,  and  the 
J  twenty-fecond  year  of  his  age.  If  the  reader 
fliould,  in  a  collcdive  view,  confider  what  is 
faid  of  him  by  Imperialis,  in  his  **  Mufeum  ;'* 
by  Mackenzie,  in  his  "  Hiftory  of  Scotch  Wri- 
"  ters  1  by  bifhop  Tanner,  in  his  "  Biblio- 
*'  theca;"  and  by  Dr.  Hawkefworth,  in  "The 
*'  Adventurer  j"  he  will  find  full  enough  to 
exercifc  his  faith,  though  mankind  be  naturally 
fond  of  the  marvellous,  and  ever  willing  to 
ftretch  their  faculties  to  the  utmoft  to  reconcile 
it  with  truth. 

»  Dr.  Samuel  Johnfon  informed  me,  that  two  copies  of  verfes, 
one  at  leaft,  of  wliicli  is  in  the  "  Delicioe  Poetanim  Scotorum,'"  Sivc 
the  only  known  pieces  of  Crichton.  Eifliop  Tanner  is,  perhaps, 
miftaken,  in  attributing  feveral  books  to  him,  which  belong  to 
another  writer  of  the  fame  name. 

•}•  •*  Crevit  occulta  'vtlut  arbor  avo" 

X  Sir  Thomas  Urquhart,  in  a  very  fcarce  book,  intituled 
"  Tlie  Difcovery  of  a  moft  exquifite  Jewel,'  &c.  Lond.  1651,  in 
which  he  gives  a  long  and  very  wonderful  account  of  Ciichton, 
fays  he  was  killed  in  the  thirty-fecond  year  of  his  age. 

ALEX. 


266  The   HISTORY  Eli 


z. 


ALEXANDER  BODIXJ S,  Bomi.Cbrifti 

liber,  JEt.  ii->  an.  1.596, 

Hie  ego  qui  cacitus  video  meliora  proboque, 

Non  odioia  fcquor. 
7*.  de  Leu  f.  It  is  Tab.  10,  of  Sir  Robert  Sibbald*s 
*'  Prodromus  Hiltoriae  Natiiralis  Scotiae,'*  whence 
the  folluimng  article  is  extraUed.  The  infcription  on 
tie  -print  alludes  to  his  being  Jet  at  liberty  at  Ihouloufe^ 
after  a  tedicus  confinement,  which  was  occafwned  by  a 
popular  infurre^lon  in  that  city. 

Mark  Alexander  Boyd  ^,  who  was  compar- 
able, if  not  equal,  to  the  admirable  Crichton  -f, 
was  born  in  Galloway,  on  the  thirteenth  day  of 
January  1562,  and  came  into  the  world  with 
teeth.  He  learned  the  rudiments  of  the  Latin 
and  Greek  languages  at  Glafgow,  under  two 
grammarians;  but  was  of  lb  high  and  intrafb- 
able  a  fpirir,  that  they  defpaired  of  ever  making 
him  a  fcholar.  Having  quarrelled  with  his 
mailers,  he  beat  them  both,  burnt  his  books, 
and  forfwore  learning.  While  he  was  yet  a 
youth  he  followed  the  court,  and  did  his  ut- 
moft  to  pufli  his  intereft  there ;  but  the  fervour 
of  his  temper  foon  precipitated  him  into  quar- 
rels, from  which  he  came  off  with  honour  and 
fafety,  though  frequently  at  the  hazard  of  his  life. 
He,  with  the  approbation  of  his  friends,  went 
to  ferve  in  the  French  army,  and  carried  his 
little  patrimony  v^^ith  him,  which  he  foon  difii- 
pated  at  play.  He  was  fhortly  after  roufed  by 
that  emulaiion  which  is  natural  to  great  minds, 

•  He  was  Ton  of  Robert  Boyd,  who  was  eldefl  hn  of  Adam 
Boyd,  of  Pinkhill,  brother  to  Lord  Boyd,  James  Boyd,  arch- 
bifliop  of  Glafgow,  was  a  younger  fon  of  Adam.  Sir  Robert  Sib- 
bald,  who  was  defcended  from  the  Jame  family  with  Mark  Alex- 
ander Boyd,  took  liis  Life  from  a  maiiufciipt  in  hFs  pofieffion,  and 
jnferted  it  in  his  "  Prodromus  Hijlor'u  Naturalis  Scotits"  Lib.  III. 
part.  ii.  p.  a,  3,  4- 

f  «'  Fita  Bodii," 

and 


ICJ.ASS  IX.      OF  ENGLAND.  2(^7 

and  applied  himfelf  to  letters  with  unremit- 
ted ardour,  till  he  became  one  of  the  mc-ft 
confurr.mate  fcholars  of  the  age.  His  parts  were 
fuperior  to  his  learning,  as  is  abundantly  tefti- 
ficd  by  his  writings  in  print  and  manufcript. 
The  Greek  and  Latin  were  as  familiar  to  him 
as  his  mother  tongue.  He  could  readily  dic- 
tate to  three  fcribes  in  as  many  different  lan- 
guages and  fubjccls.  He  had  an  eafy  and  hap- 
py vein  of  poetry,  v/rote  elegies  in  the  Ovidian 
manner,  and  his  hymns  were  thought  to  be  fu- 
perior to  thofe  of  any  other  Latin  poet  ^.  He 
wrote  a  great  number  of  other  poems  in  the 
fame  language,  and  tranflated  Caefar's  Com- 
mentaries into  Greek,  in  the  ftyh  of  Herodo- 
tus:  this  tranflation  was  never  printed.  His 
other  manufcripts  on  philological,  political,  and 
hiftorical  fubje<5ls,  in  Latin  and  French,  are  enu- 
merated by  the  author  of  his  Life,  who  tells  us 
that  he  was  the  beft  Scottilh  poet  of  his  age; 
and  that,  as  a  writer  in  his  native  language,  he 
was  upon  a  level  with  Ronfard  and  Petrarch. 
He  was  tall,  compafb,  and  well-proportioned 
in  his  perfon  ;  his  countenance  was  beautiful, 
fprightly,  and  engaging;  he  had  a  noble  air; 
and  appeared  to  be  the  accomplifiied  foldier 
among  men  of  the  fword,  and  as  eminently  the 
fchplar  among  thofe  of  the  gown.  He  ipent 
the  greateft  part  of  his  unfettled  life  in  France, 
but  died  at  Pinkhill,  his  father's  feat,  in  April, 
1 60 1,  about  the  thirty-eighth,  or  thirty- ninth 
year  of  his  age. 

•  Olaus  Borricbius,  a  very  eminent  and  Judicious  critic,  at  p. 
150,  of  his  "  Differtationes  Academics  de  posih"  fneaking  of  Boyd 
fays,  "  In  Marco  Alexandra  Bodio,  Scoto  redivi'vum  fpeilamus  Na- 
fonem  ;  ea  efl  in  ejufdem  Epijlolis  Heroidum,  lux,  candor,  dsxteriias.'" 
He  fpcaks  as  highly  of  bis  Hymns  in  heroic  verfe. 

That 


2^8  The    HISTORY  Eliz. 

-That  fun. 


Which  not  alone  the  fouthern  wit  fublimes. 
But  ripens  fpirits  in  cold  northern  climes, 

feems  to  have  fhed  as  great  influence  on  Scot- 
land in  the  fixteenth  century  as  it  hath  in  the 
prefent  age.  I  have  proceeded  to  an  unufual 
length  in  this  article  of  Boyd,  as  he  is  mention- 
ed by  none  of  our  Englifh  writers. 

MISCELLANEOUS  AUTHORS. 

WILLIAM  CAMDEN,  author  of  the 
'*  Britannia,"  publilhed  in  this  reign.  See  the 
next. 

RALPH  (or  Rafe)  BROOK,  Efq.  York- 
herald,  died  15  0£f.  1625,  ^Z^^  IZ  >  ^^^i  herald's 
coat  5  ^to. 

Rafe  Brook,  who  naturally  follows  Camden 
as  his  antagonift,  difcovered  many  errors  in  re- 
lation 10  pedigrees,  in  the  "  Britannia,"  which 
he  offered  to  communicate  to  the  author ;  but 
his  offer  was  waved,  and  he  was  fupercilioufly 
treated.  Upon  this,  urged  by  perfonal  refent- 
ment,  he  feduloufly  applied  himfelf  to  a  tho- 
rough examination  of  that  celebrated  work,  and 
publiflied  a  difcovery  of  the  errors  which  he 
found  in  the  fourth  edition  of  it.  This  book, 
in  which  Mr.  Camden  is  treated  with  very  little 
ceremony,  or  even  common  decency,  was  of 
great  ufe  to  him  in  the  fifth  edition,  publiflied 
in  1600.  Brook's  *' Second  Difcovery  of  Er- 
*'  rors/'  to  which  his  head  is  prefixed,  was  pub- 
liflied in  4to.  1723,  about  a  century  after  his 
deceafe, 

WIL- 


Class  IX.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  269 

WILLIAM  LAMBARDEof KentEfq. 

Oif.  yEt.  65,  1601  ;  Vertue  fc.  1730 ;  h.Jh. 

William  Lambarde,  &c.  Vertue  fc.    Frontif- 

piece  to  his  "  Alphabetical  Defcription  of  the  Chief 

«  Places   in  England  and  Wales  ;'*   firfi  publijhed 

ly^o.^to. 

William  Lambarde,  a  learned  and  induflri- 
ous  antiquary,  was  author  of  the  "  Archaiono- 
"  mia,  five  de  prifcis  Anglorum  Legibus,"  1 568; 
4to.  and  of  the  "  Perambulation  of  Kent," 
1570.  He  carefully  collected  many  of  the  old 
MSS.  which  were  in  the  Cotton  Library,  and 
was  the  founder  of  an  alms-houfe  at  Green- 
wich. His  **  Archainomia,  which  is  his  ca- 
pital performance,  is  a  tranflation  of  the  An- 
glo-Saxon laws,  which  have  been  tranflated 
more  juftly,  but  lefs  elegantly,  by  John  Bromp- 
ton*.  This  work  of  Lambarde  was  begun  by 
Lawrence  Nowel,  dean  of  Litchfield. 

JOHN  S  T  O  W,  hiftorian  and  antiquary  ; 
Vertue  fc.  Abufl,  from  his  monument  in  the  church  of 
St.  Andrew  Underfhaft ;  large  h.  fh.  'The  whole  mo- 
nument was  engraved  hy  Siurt,  for  his  Survey. 

John  Stow,  who  was  bred  a  taylor,  quitted  his 
.  occupation,  to  purfue  his  beloved  ftudy  of  the 
hiftoryandantiquitiesof  England,  to  which  he  had 
an  invincible  propenfity.  He  was  not  only  indefa- 
tigable in  fearching  for  ancient  authors  and  MSS; 
of  all  kinds  relating  to  Englifh  hiltory,  but  was 
alfo  at  the  pains  of  tranfcribing  many  things  with 
his  own  hand.  As  his  ftudies  and  coUedlions 
cngrofiTed  his  whole  attention,  he,  in  a  few  years, 
found  himfelf  in  embarrafled  circumftances,  and 
was  under  a  ncceffity  of  returning  to  his  trade  ; 
but  was  enabled  by  the  generofity  of  archbifliop 
Parker   to   rekime   his   ftudies.     His  principal 

•  Preface  to  Gibfon's  "  Chronicon  Saxonicum,"  p.  4. 

works 


270  The   HISTORY         Eliz. 

works  are  his  *'  Survey  of  London  i"  a  book 
defervedly  efteeined  j  his  "  Additions  to  Hol- 
«*  Hnflied's  Chronicle,"  and  his  "  Annals." 
The  folio  volume,  commonly  called  "  Stow's 
"  Chronicle,"  was  compiled  from  his  papers 
after  his  deceafe,  by  E.  Howes.  Our  author 
Stov/,  had  a  principal  hand  in  two  improved 
editions  of  Chaucer's  Works,  publilhed  in  this 
reign.    Ob.  5  April,  1&05,  Mt.  80. 

HUMPHREY  L  L  O  Y  D,  (or  Lhuyd) 
of  Denbigh,  Efcj.  antiquary,  1561  ;  J.  Faber  f. 
1717  ;  h.Jh.  mezz. 

Humphrey  Lloyd,  a  celebrated  antiquary, 
was  fometime  of  Btazen  Nofe  College  in  Ox- 
ford, where  he  feems  to  have  (ludied  phyfic  for 
his  amufement,  as  he  never  followed  it  as  a  pro- 
fellion.  He  had  a  tafte  for  the  arts,  particu- 
larly m.ufic,  and  did  the  map  of  England  for 
the  "  Theatrum  Orbis"  of  Orteiius,  his  inti- 
mate friend,  to  whom  he  addrefled  his  *'  Com- 
"  mentarioli  Bricannicce  Defcriptionis  Frag- 
**  mentum,"  1572;  i2mo.  and  his  epiftle 
•'  De  Mona  Druidum  Infula,  Antiquitati  fuse 
«'  reftituta  "  He  alfo  wrote  '*  Chronicon  Wal- 
"  lige,  a  Rege  Cadwalladero,  ufque  ad  An* 
"  Dom.  1294;"  a  MS.  in  the  Cotton  Libra- 
ry. He  colleded  a  great  number  of  curious 
and  ufeful  books  for  lord  Lumley  his  brother- 
in  law.  Thefe  were  purchafed  by  James  \.  and 
were  the  foundation  of  the  Royal  Library^ 
They  are  now  a  very  valuable  part  of  the  Bri- 
lifh  Mule  urn.     Ob.  circ.    1570. 

The  ancient  Society  of  Antiquaries,  in  the 
lift  of  vvhom  are  many  great  and  refpectabie 
names  *,    was    erefted  in  this   reign.     In  the 

*  See  the  lift  in  "  Biograph.  Biitan."  Artie.  Agard.  ♦ 

next. 


Class  IX.      o  f  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  271 

next,  their  aflemblies  were  interrupted,  as 
James  looked  upon  this  learned  body  as  a  for- 
midable combination  againft  his  prerogative. 

Sir  J  O  H  N  H  A  Y  W  A  R  D,  hiftoriographcr. 
See  the  reign  of  James  I. 

THOMAS  BODL^US,  &c.  M.  Burgh- 
ers Jc,  h.JJj.    From  the  original  at  Oxford. 

At  the  four  corners  of  this  print  are  the  heads 
of  William  earl  of  Pembroke,  p.rchbilhopLaud, 
Sir  Kenelm  Digby,  and  Mr.  Selden,  who  were 
benefactors  to  the  Bodleian  library  *. 

Thomas  Bodleius,  miles;  e:c  fnarmore  quod  in 
Bibl.  Bodl.  fofuit  CI.  I'h.  Sack-viilus.  cora.  Dorfet. 
Acdd.  Cane.  — Idera ;  ex  effigle  in  Xyjlo  Bibl.  Bodl. 
two  fmall  ovals y  in  one  head-piece. 

Sir  Thomas  Bodley  merited  much  as  a  man 
of  letters-,  but  incomparably  more,  in  the  am- 
ple provifion  he  has  made  for  literature,  in 
which  he  ftands  unrivalled.  In  1599,  he  open- 
ed his  library,  a  maufoleum  which  will  perpe- 
tuate his  memory  as  long  as  books  themlcives 
endure.  He  drew  up  the  ftatutes  himfelf  for  the 
regulation  of  this  his  library,  and  wrote  memoirs 
of  his  own  life.  Hearne,  in  his  *'  Camdeni 
*'  Elizabeths,"  has  publifhed  "  An  Account 
•'  of  an  agreement  betv;een  Q^  Elizabeth  and 
"  rhe  United  Provinces,  wherem  fhe  fupported 
"  them,  and  they  flood  not  to  their  agreement  •, 
"  written  by  Sir  Thomas  Bodley."  Ob.  28  Jan. 
1612. 

Sir  F  R  A  N  CI  S  V  E  R  E.     See  Clafs  VII. 

•  This  is  the  frontifpiece  to  the  Catalogue  of  that  Library. 

Sir 


272  TheHISTORY  Eliz. 

Sir  H  U  M  P  H  R  E  Y  G  I  L  B  E  R  T.  See 
Clafs  VII. 

JOHN  DEE,  a  fmall fqtiare^  infcribed,  "  Doc- 
tor Dee  avoucheth  his  Jl one  to  be  brought  by  angelical 
minijiry.^* 

EDWARD  KELLY,  prophet  orfeer  to  Doc^ 
tor  Dee,  holding  a  hook  with  planetary  figures  in  hii 
hand:  it  is  infcribed  "  'Trithemius.*'  Thefe  prints  are 
companions i  before  Cafaubon^s  "  Relation  concerning 
Dee'^c. 

John  Dee  was  a  man  of  extenfive  learning, 
particularly  in  the  mathematics,   in  which   he 
had  few  equals  ;   but  he  was  vain,  credulous, 
and  enthufiaftic.     He  was  deep  in  aftrology, 
snd  ftrongly  tinctured  with  the  fuperftition  of 
the  Roficrufians,   whofe  dreams  he  liftened  to 
with  eagernefs,  and  became  as  great  a  dreamer 
himfelf  as  any  of  that  fraternity.     He  appears 
to  have  been,  by  turns,  a  dupe  and  a  cheat,  but 
acquired  prodigious  reputation,  and  was  court- 
ed   by   the   greatefl:  princes    in   Europe,   who 
thought  that  in  poflelTing  him,  they  Ihould  li» 
terklly  poffcfs  a  treafure  :  he  was  offered  large 
penfions  by  the  emperors  Charles  V.  Ferdinand, 
Maximilian,    Rodolph,    and  the  czar  of  Muf- 
covy  *.     He  travelled  over  great  part  of  Eu- 
rope, and  feems  to  have  been  revered  by  many 
perfons  of  rank  and  eminence,  as  a   being  of 
a  fupcrior  order.     He  pretended   that  a  black 
(lone,   or  fpeculum,  which  he  made  great  ufe 
of  was  brought  him  by  angels,  and  that  he  was 
particularly  intimate  with  Raphael  and  Gabriel. 
Edward  Kelly,   the  alfociate  of  his  ftudies  and 

•  See   Kearne's  "  Appendix  to  Job.  Glaftonienfis  Chron." 
p.  505. 

travels. 


Class  IX.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  t).  27^' 

travels*,  who  was  efteemed  an  adept  in  chy- 
miftry,  was  appointed  his  feer,  or  fpecularor. 
He  is  faid  to  have  written  down  what  came 
from  the  mouths  of  the  angels  or  demons  that 
appeared  in  the  fpeculum.  His  reputation  as 
a  Roficrucian,  was  equal,  at  lead,  to  that  of 
Dr.  Dee ;  bun  he  was  fo  unfortunate  as  to  lofe 
both  his  ears  at  Lancarter.  It  was  confidently- 
reported,  that  he  raifed  a  dead  body  in  that 
county -f.  He  was  imprifoned  for  a  cheat  in 
Germany,  a  country  which  hath  produced  more 
dupes  to  alchymy  than  all  the  other  nations  in 
Europe. 

He  pretended,  that  he  was  enjoined  by  fome 
of  his  friends,  the  angels,  to  have  a  "  commu- 
nity of  wives  J."  and  he  fo  ftridlly  adhered  to 
this  injuncflion,  that  he  feems  to  have  made  it 
a  part  of  his  religion.  Kelly  died  miferably 
from  the  effe<5ls  of  a  fall,  in  efcaping  from  his 
confinement,  in  Germany  •,  and  Dee,  very  poor, 
at  Mortlake,  in  Surry ;  the  former  in  OAober, 
1595  >  the  latter  in  the  year  1608,  and  the 
eighty- firft  of  his  age. 

"  The  black  ftone  into  which  Dr.  Dee 
ufed  to  call  his  fpirits"  was  in  the  collection  of 
the  earls  of  Peterborough,  whence  it  came  tolady 
Elizabeth  Germaine.  It  was  next  the  property 
of  the  late  duke  of  Argyle,  and  is  now  Mr, 
Walpole's.  It  appears  upon  examination,  to 
be  nothing  but  a  polilhed  piece  of  canal  coai 
But  this  is  what  Butler  means,  when  he  fays, 

Kelly  did  all  his  feats  upon 

The  devil's  looking-glals,  a  ftone. 

Hud.  Part  II.  cant.  iii.  v.  ^31,  2, 

•  This  man  was  born  at  Worcefter,  and  bred  an  apothecary. 

•j-  Weever's  "Funeral  Monuments,"  p.  45,46. 

t  The  fame  has  been  reported  of  Dee  ;  but  this  is  con  trad  iflory 
to  what  is  faid  of  hira  by  Dr.  Thomas  Smith.  Vide**  Vita  Jo, 
i?«,"  p.  46. 

Vol.  L  T  Sec 


274  The    HISTORY  Eli5^. 

See  **  A  true  and  faithful  Relation  of  what 
paffed'  for  many  years  between  Dr.  John  Dee 
and  fome  Spirits:"  London,  1659,  fol.  It  is 
obfervable  from  the  analogy  of  Ityle,  that  the 
difcourfes  of  the  true  and  falfe  angels  were  corn- 
pofcd  by  the  lame  hand. 

JOHN  ELAGRAVE;  a finaUheal  D. 
/..  fecil.  In  i'be  engraved  title  to  "  Planifpherium- 
Catholicum  quod  vulgo  dicitur  'The  Mathematical 
Jewel^''*  i^c.  Lond.  fumptibus  Jofephi  Moxon, 
^to.  The  editor  was  John  Palmtr,  M.  A,  whofe 
head  is  alfo  in  the  title.  There  is  another  fwall  head 
of  the  former  in  a  ruff.  His  portrait  is  in  the  fof- 
feffion  of  George  Blagrave  Efq.  of  Bidlritarjh  Court, 

John  Blagrave,  ofSouthcote,  near  Reading, 
in  Berkfhire,  was  the  fecond  fon  of  John  Bla- 
grave, of  Bu-imarfk  Court,  near  the  village  of 
Sunning,  in  that  county.  He  was  a  man  of  a 
f^rong  head  and  a  benevolent  heart ;  and  had 
the  honour  of  beiag  an  inventive  genius.  This 
excellent  mathemaucian  did  not  purfue  phan- 
tom?, like  Dee  and  Kelly,  but  reduced  his  fpe- 
culations  to  practice  j  his  friends,  his  neigh- 
bours, and  the  public  reaped  the  fruits  of  his 
fludies.  His  "  Mathematical  Jewel,"  which 
is  in  a  great  nieafure  an  original  work,  is  bis 
capital  performance.  He  cut  the  figures  for 
this  book  v;ich  his  own  hand,  and  they  are  well 
executed  *.  This  gentleman  who  poffefled  an 
independent  fortune,  was  not  only  diftinguilhed 
by  his  knowledge  in  mathematics ;   he  was,  and 

•  In  his  difcouiTe  to  the  reader,  before  his  "Mathematical" 
Jewel,"  he  exprelks  himfelf  tluis  :  "  Never  give  over  at  the  firi^, 
"  thoup;h  any  thing  feeme  hard,  inther  afke  a  little  helpe:  and  if 
"  yon  (kTire  to  be  excellent  perfite  in  your  inftrument,  abridge 
•'  my  whole  worke,  and  you  (ball  find  it  will  ftand  you  more 
•'  iteede  than  twenty  ti»ie»  icadin;^.  I  have  always  done  fo  with 
♦«  .*!!_,  bjoke  I  liktd." 

is 


Class  IX.       of    ENGLAND.  27^ 

is  ftill  known  for  his  judicious  charities.  He 
died  the  9th  of  Augufl,  161 1,  and  lies  buried 
in  St.  Laurence's  church  in  Reading,  where  a 
fine  monument  was  ereded  to  his  memory. 
See  more  of  him  and  do6lor  Dee,  in  the  "  Bio- 
graphia  Britannica." 

JOHN  GERARD  E;  engraved  ly  Wnu 
Rogers,  for  the  fir/i  edit,  of  his  "  Herbal" 

John  Gerarde  j  engraved  by  Payne^  for  John" 
fort's  edition  of  the  fame  book. 

John  Gerarde,  a  furgeon  in  London,  was  the 
greatefl:  Englifli  botanift  of  his  time.  He  was 
many  years  retained  as  chief  gardener  to  lord 
Burleigh,  who  was  himfelf  a  great  lover  of 
plants,  and  had  the  befl  colleflion  of  any  noble- 
man in  the  kingdom :  among  thefe  were  many 
exotics,  introduced  by  Gerarde.  In  1597,  he 
puhlifhed  his  "  Herbal,"  which  was  printed  at 
the  expence  of  J.  Norton,  who  procured  the  fi- 
gures from  Frankfort,  which  were  originally 
cut  for  Tabermontanus's  ''  Herbal"  in  High 
Dutch.  In  1633,  Thomas  Johnfon,  an  apo- 
thecary, publiflied  an  improved  edition  of  Ge- 
rarde's  book,  which  is  ftill  much  efteemed  ■^. 
The  defcriptions  in  this  Herbal  are  plain  and 
familiar;  and  both  thefe  authors  have  laboured 
more  to  make  their  readers  underftand  the  cha- 
radlers  of  the  plants  than  to  give  them  to  under- 
ftand that  they  knew  any  thing  of  Greek  or  Latin. 

•  Thomas  Johnfon,  who,  for  his  labours  in  this  work,  was 
lionoured  with  a  Dr.  of  phyfic's  degree,  by  the  univerfity  of  Ox- 
ford, was  lieut.  col.  to  Sir  Marmaduke  Rawdon  governor  of 
Bafing-houfe,  in  the  civil  wars.  He  fet  fire  to  the  Grange  near 
that  Tortrefs,  which  confifted  of  twenty  houfes,  and  killed  and 
burnt  about  three  hundred  of  Sir  William  Waller's  men,  wound- 
ed five  hundred  more,  and  took  arms,  ammunition,  and  provi- 
fion,  from  the  enemy.  He  died  in  Sept.  1644.,  of  a  wound  which 
ie  received  in  a  fally  from  the  garrifon, 

T  2  ROGE  R 


2l6  The    HISTORY  Eli2. 

ROGER  ASCHAMj^  fmall  whole  length  •, 
readifig  a  letter  to  queen  Elizabeth.  In  the  ejigraved 
title  to  Mr.  Eljlob's  edition  of  his  "  EpifileSi*  M, 
Burghers  fc.  Probably  no  portrait, 

Roger  Afcham,  who  was  born  at  North  Ah 
krton,  in  Yorkfhife,  and  educated  at  St.  John's 
College,  in  Cam^bridge^  was  one  of  the  brighteft 
geniufes  and  policed  Tcholars  of  his  age.  He 
was  public  orator  of  the  univerficy  of  Cam- 
bridge, and  Latin  fecretary  to  Edward  VI.  queen 
Mary,  and  queen  Elizabeth,  the  laft  of  whom 
he  taught  to  write  a  fine  hand,  and  inftruded  in 
the  Greek  and  Latin  languages,  of  which  he 
was  a  confummate  mafter.  His  letters  are  va- 
luable both  for  ftyle  and  matter,  and  are  almoft 
the  only  clafiical  work  of  that  kind  written  by 
an  Englilliman  *.  The  moft  perfefl  colledion 
of  them,  which  may  be  (till  enlarged,  was  that 
publifhed  by  Mr.  Elftob;  but  he  had  omitted 
the  author's  poems,  which  are  printed  in  other 
editions.  His  "  Schoolmafter"  abounds  with 
great  good  fenfe,  as  well  as  knowledge  of  an- 
cient and  modern  hiftory  ;  it  is  alfo  exprefllve 
of  the  great  humanity  of  the  author,  who  was 
for  making  the  pathsof  knowledge  as  level  and 
pleafant  as  pofTible,  and  for  trying  every  gentle 
method  of  enlarging  the  mind  and  winning  the 
heart.  His  **  Toxophilus,"  a  treatife  of  flioot- 
ing  in  the  long-bow,  of  which  he  was  very  fond, 
is  rather  whimfical.     He  fecms  to  think,  that  a 

•  Daniel  George  MorhofF  fpeaks  tlius  of  him,  at  p.  183  of  his 
*'  Polyliiftor.  Literarius,"  pnbliflied  by  the  learned  John  Albert 
Fahricius.  "  Roserus  Alchamus,  Auxins,  Reginas  Elizabethjc 
"  fuit  a  Latinis  lEpiftolis,  cujus  Epiltolas  Thuanus  elegantiflime 
"  firiptas  juflicat  Pene  onus  e  genre  Aiiglica  eft  cujus  Itylus 
<'  veterem  Latinitatem  fapit.  Cum  Joanne  Sturmio  finoularem 
««  colnit  amicitiamj  cujus  exemplo  ertdlus,  elegans  diccndi  ge- 

man 


ClassX.      or   ENGLAND.  *77 

man  who  would  be  a  complete  archer  fiiould 
have  as  great  a  compals  of  knowledge  as  he 
pojQTeffed  himfelf.  He  died  the  4th  of  January, 
1569. 

THOMAS  HILL,    Ec.  42.  a  f mall  oval 
€Ut  in  wood. 

He  was  author  of  "  The  Contemplation  of 
Mankinde,  contayning  a  fingular  Difcourie,  af- 
ter the  Art  of  Phyfiognomie,  on  all  the  mem- 
ber-s  and  Partes  of  Man,  from  the  Head  to  the 
Foot,  in  a  more  ample  manner  than  hytherto 
hath  been  publiflied,"  1571,  fmall  8vo.  or  1  2mo. 
This  frivolous  writer  hath  given  the  reader  his 
own  head  to  contemplate  in^thc  title  to  his 
book.      L^t'd   /u    w^y-xTc     "f'h^  i^L^    y^iUx!^^  ^.^r  Pk^  ''^^«« 

C  L  A  S  S     X. 
ARTISTS. 
PAINTERS, 

!  S  A  A  C  U  S  O  LI  V  E  R  U  S.     In  the  Set  of 

P.mnters  by  Hondius:,    h.  fh, 

Isaac  Oliver  ;  J.  Oliver  p.  J,  Miller  fc.   /^to» 
In  the  "  Anecdotes  of  Fainting  •,*'  4/c. 

There  nevej  appeared  in  England,  perhaps 
in  the  whole  world,  a  greater  mailer  in  minia- 
ture than  Ifaac  Oliver.  He  painted  a  few  pieces 
of  hiftory,  but  generally  portraits  ;  which  have 
fo  much  truth  and  delicacy,  as  never  to  have 
been  equalled,  but  by  the  fmalirr  works  of 
Holbein.  His  pictures  are  marked  with  ^. 
He  died  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I.  Hilliard, 
his  contemporary  artift,  painted  hiftory  and  por- 
trait, but  chiefly  the  latter.  One  of  his  moft 
T  3  capital 


^2;8  T  H  E    H  I  S  T  O  R  Y  Euz, 

capital  pieces  was  queen  Eliziabeth  fitting  on 
her  throne.  It  is  well  known  that  this  princefs 
often  fat  to  him,  He  drew  with  as  much  exacSt- 
nefs  as  Ifaac  Oliver,  but  was  greatly  inferior  to 
hiui  in  colouring, 

-A  hand  or  eye 


By  Hilliard  drawn,  is  worth  a  hiftorv 

By  a  worfe  painter  made.  Donne. 

C  ORNELIUS  KETEL;  C  Kdel  p, 
Bary  Jc.  1 659,  large  quarto.  Ibe  next  is  copied 
from  it. 

Cornelius  Ketel  •,  'T  Chamhars  Jc.  ^to.  In 
the  ^'  Anecdotes  of  Paintir^g.'^ 

C.  Ketel,  a  Dutch  painter  of  hidory  and  por- 
trait, was  introduced  to  the  queen  by  lord-chan- 
cellor Hatton,  and  had  the  honour  of  paincing 
her  pidure.  He  alfo  did  portraits  of  feverai  of 
the  nobility.  After  his  return  to  Holland,  he 
laid  afide  his  pencils,  and  painted  with  his  fin- 
gers, and  after  that  with  his  toes.  Th^s  ariifl 
reminds  me  of  the  man  who  could  thread  a 
needle  v/irh  his  toes,  and  attempted  to  few  with 
them.  He  is  faid  to  have  made  but  very 
bungling  work. 

FREDERIGO  ZUCCHERO;  Ccim- 
piglia  del'  Billiy  f.     In  the  '-  Miifnim  Floreminum. 

Erederic  ZucciiEROi  A  Banner mciH  fc.  /[to, 
tihi  fkpra, 

Frederic  Zucchero,  a  celebrated  Italian  painter 
of  hiftory  and  portrait,  had  alfo  the  honour  of 
painting  the  queen.  Several  of  his  portraits 
are  engraved  among  the  llluftrious  Heads, 
There  is  a  very  grand  compofition  by  him,  in 
the  church  of  St.  Angelo  in  Vado,  the  place  of 
his  nativity,  of  which  1  ihalJ  give  a  defcription, 

as 


Class  X.       of    ENGLAND. 

as  I  have  (ecn  it  no  where  defcribcd.  In  the 
jower  part  of  this  piece,  which  is  painted  in  the 
form  of  a' large  arch^  is  the  angel  Gabriel,  re- 
vealing the  birth  of  Chril^  to  the  Virgin.  On 
the  right  and  left,  are  the  patriarchs  and  pro- 
phets who  foretold  that  great  event,  with  ta- 
blets in  their  hands,  on  which  are  inicribed 
their  prophecies.  In  the  upper  part  is  heaven 
■opened,  and  the  Eternal  Father  in  the  midfl  of 
a  large  group  of  Seraphs,  with  his  -right-hand 
esitended,  in  a  pofture  of  benedi6tion,  and  grafp- 
ing  a  globe  with  his  left.  Next  below  him  is 
the  Holy  Ghoft  -,  and  on  each  fide  the  fevcral 
orders  of  angels,  fupported  by  clouds,  finging, 
and  playing  on  various  inftruments  of  muhc. 
Juft  without  the  femi-circle  of  the  arch,  on  the 
right  and  left,  are  Adam  and  Eve  very  confpi- 
-cuous,  in  melancholy  poftures ;  intimating  that 
the  birth  of  the  Meffiah  was  for  the  redemption 
of  fallen  man.  There  is  a  fine  print  of  this 
painting  by  Cornelius  Cort,  in  two  Iheets,  1571. 
O^.  1602, 

HENRY  CORNELIUS  UROOM; 

47.  Oliver  p.  T.  Chambars  fc.  j^io.  In  the  "  A7i£c- 
dotes  of  Painting"  His  bead  is  alfo  in  the  Set  of 
Painters,  engraved  by  Hen.  Hondius. 

Uroom,  who  was  a  native  of  Harlem,  was 
employed  by  lord  Howard  of  Effingham,  in 
drawing  the  defigns  of  the  tapeftry,  now  in  the 
houfe  of  lords,  in  which  is  reprefented  the  hif- 
tory  of  the  engagements  with  the  Spanilh  ar- 
mada. There  is  a  fine  fet  of  prints  of  this  ta- 
peftry publilhed  by  Pme,  in  1739. 

MARC  G  A  R  R  A  R  D  ;  >  />/^;>.  6?r.   Ban- 
mrman  fc.  ^to.    In  the  ^*  Anecdotes  of  Painti?ig."  It 

T  4  is 


279 


j8o  The   HISTORY  Euz: 

is  copied  from  Hollar, — The  original   piflure  was 
done  after  the  death  of  queen  Elizabeth. 

Marc  Garrard,  a  native  of  BrufTels,  painted 
hiftory,  landfcape,  atchiteiS'Lure,  and  portrait; 
he  alfo  illuminated,  and  defigned  for  glafs- 
painters.  His  etchings  of  Efop's  Fables,  from 
which  Barlow  has  frequently  borrowed,  are 
executed  with  great  fpirit.  See  the  reign  of 
Charles  I. 

Sir  NATHANIEL   B  ACO^ -,  fe  ipfe  p, 
Chainbers  fc.  /^to.     In  the  Anecdotes  cf  Painlmg.'^ 

Sir  Nathaniel  Bacon,  fecond  fon  of  Sir  Ni- 
cholas Bacon,  by  his  firfc  lady,  painted  his  own 
portrait,  and  a  cook-maid  with  large  and  fmall 
fowls,  in  a  mafterly  m^-nner.  Both  thefe  pic- 
tures are  at  Gorhambury,  near  St.  Alban's.  He 
was  ancefcor  to  ih?  prefent  lore  Tov/nfhend. 

THOMAS   LANT,    C.-it.    JEt.    32;    a 

fmall  oval  head',   before  a  very  ft^.:'ce  and  curious  fet 

of  plates^  about  thirty -four  iv.  mn;  ber,   exhibiting  the 

funeral  procejjion  of  Sir  Phil'p  Sidney.     It  zoas  de- 

figned  by  Lant,  and  engraved  by  Iteodore  de  Brie. 

The  book  of  Prints  to  which  this  head  is  pre- 
fixed contains  a  confiderablf:  number  of  por- 
traits. Lam:  was  Portcullis  pirfuivant  to  queen 
Elizabeth,  and  author  of  a  t'  atife  on  heraldry. 
He  was  fome  time  fervant  to  Sir  Philip  Sidney. 

ENGRAVERS. 

THEODORE  DE  BRIE,  Engraver. 
Prefixed  to  fome  of  the  volumes  of  Boijfnrd's  *^  Roman 
ylniiquities."  The  print  of  the  fon,  in  Fludd's  "  Ana- 
tomire  Amphitheatrum,"  Franc.  1623,  folio,  has 
been  mijiakenfor  ths  father'* s. 

Theodore 


Class  X.      of    ENGLAND.  ^Si 

Theodore  de  Brie,  a  native  of  Liege,  who 
lived  the  greater  part  of  his  time  at  Frankfort, 
engraved  Sir  Philip  Sidney's  Funeral  proceiTIon, 
at  London.  He  alfo  engraved  the  four  firll 
volumes  of  Boiffard's  "  Roman  Antiquities,'* 
the  fifth  and  laft  of  which  was  executed  by  his 
fons  Theodore  and  Ifrael,  after  his  death.  The 
prints  for  the  two  following  books  by  Boifiard, 
were  done  by  Theodore  the  father:  Vita  £ff 
"  Icones  SuUa7wrum  Turcicormn  <ff  Principum  Per- 
farum.^*  i^g6^  4.fo.  "  Hijtoria  Chronologica  Pan- 
noniie,  cum  Iconibus  et  Vitis  Regum  Chrijlianorum 
et  Turcicorumy  a  Gotardo  Artho  Dantifcano.'^  He 
did  the  plates  for  "  Crudelitates  Hifpanorum  in 
India,'*  fmall  4to.  and  for  Hariot's  "  Hiftory 
of  Virginia,"  in  folio.  His  capiral  work  is 
*'  Defcriptio  India  Orient alis  &  Occidentalis"  in 
nineteen  parts,  which  is  generally  bound  in  five 
folios.  He  died  about  the  year  1600.  The 
heads  in  Boiffard's  "  BiiflioiUca  Chalcograpbica^'* 
were  engraved  by  Theodore  the  fon.  It  ap- 
pears to  me,  that  thefe  are  all  copies,  taken, 
for  the  mod  part,  from  frontifpieces  to  books. 

Dr.  RICHARD  HAYDOCKE,  en- 
graved the  prints  for  his  tranflation  of  Lomatius's 
"  Art  of  Painting,"  as  he  tells  us  himfelf,  in  the 
preface  to  that  book.     See  Clafs  IX. 

PRINTERS. 

J.  D.  (JOHN  DAY)  1562,  ^tat.  40. 
•*  IJfe  is  death  y  and  death  is  life*'  Front  ifpiece  to 
the  firji  editim  of  Fox's  »*  J^s  and  Monuments" 
1563- 

John  Day,  who  was  the  mod  eminent  printer 
9nd  bookieller  in  this  reign,  lived  over  Alderf- 

gate. 


5.82  T  H  E    H  I  S  T  O  R  Y  Eliz. 

gate,  under  which  he  had  a  fhop.  But  his  largeft 
iliop  was  at  the  weft  door  of  St.  Paul's.  He 
printed  the  Bible,  dedicated  to  Edward  VI.  fol. 
1549.  He  alfo  printed  Latimer's  Sermons*; 
Several  editions  of"  the  Book  of  Martyrs-,  1  in- 
dale's  Works,  in  one  vol.  folio,  1572  ;  fome 
of  Roger  Afcham's  pieces,  and  many  other 
things  of  lefs  note. 

He  died  on  the  23d  of  July,  1584,  and  lies 
buried  in  the  parifn  church  of  Little  Bradley, 
in  Suffolk.  It  is  intimated  in  his  epitaph,  that 
Fox  undertook  that  laborious  work  of  "  Ads 
and  Monuments"  at  his  inftance: 

*^'  He  fet  a  Fox  to  write  how  martyrs  runne 
«  By  death  to  lyfe.'' 

He  had  thirteen  children  by  each  of  his  two 
wives.  The  fecond,  who  furvived  him,  was  of 
a  gentleman's  family  at  Little  Bradley,  and 
eredted  the  monument  there  to  his  memory. 

I  HON  V/YGHTE,  or  John  Wight;  a 
j'.nall  wood  prints  whole  length,  infcribed  J.  ^V,  and 
about  the  oval,  '*  IVelcome  the  Wight  that  hingeth 
ftich  light"  His  print  is  alfo  in  Ames's  "  fypogra- 
■phical  Antiquities^' ^.  1']'^. 

That  author  fays  of  him,  that  he  had  a  fhop, 
at  the  fign  of  the  Rofe,  in  St.  Paul's  Church- 
yard. The  mofb  confiderabie  of  the  books 
printed  by  him  are,  the  Bible,  fol.  135 1,  and 
'*■  Don  Alexis  of  Piemont  his  Secrets/'  15805 
4/(7.  This  book  was  well  known  throughout 
Europe, 

•  The  following  colophon  is  at  the  end  of  the  oldeft  e-dition 
of  Latimei's  Sermons,  8vo.  without  date.  Imprinted  at  Lon- 
don l)y  Ihon  Daye,  dwelling  at  Aiderfgate,  and  William  Seres, 
dwelling  in  Peter  CoUedge." 

RICHARD 


Class  XI.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  28- 

RICHARD  JONES,  alias  Ihones,  or 
lohnes ;  a  fmall  wood  prints  like  that  in  Amies' s 
-"  Typographical  Anuqu'nies^'  /.  345  ;  round  cap^ 
gown^  ^c. 

Richard  Jones  printed  in  partner(hip  with 
Thomas  Col  well,  in  the  year  1570,  and  after- 
wards with  others.  He  had  feveral  ihops,  one 
of  which  was  at  the  fouth-weft  door  of  Sc, 
Paul's  church.  This  quarter  of  the  town  was 
more  confiderable  than  any  other  for  princeu 
pnd  bookfellers. 

CLASS     XI. 

LADIES. 

ANN  D' ACRES,  countefs  of  Arundel, 
wife  of  earl  Philip,  who  died  in  the  Tower  in  this 
reign.  Her  portrait,  which  was  done  in  her  old 
age,  is  defcribed  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 

ELIZABETH,  countefs  of  Shrewlbury. 
See  the  next  reign. 

FRANCES,  duchefs  of  SufFolk,  and  Adrian 
Stokes,  her  fecond  hulband.  Lucas  de  Heere  p. 
Vertiie  fc.  large  JJd,  In  the  collection  of  the  honourable 
Horace  Walpole. 

Frances,  duchefs  of  Suffolk,  was  the  eldefl: 
of  the  two  furviving  daughters  of  Charles  Bran- 
fdon,  by  Mary  queen  of  France,  youngeft  filler 
to  Henry  VIII.  Adrian  Stokes  was  mafter  of 
her  horle.  This  match  has  been  very  differently 
fpoken  of.  Some  have  blamed  the  dutchcfs 
for  fo  far  forgetting  her  dignity,  as  to  marry  her 
domeflic.  Others  have  commended  her  for  fo 
far  retnembering  her  near  relation  to  the  crown. 

and 


284  The   HISTORY  Eliz." 

and  the  jealoufy  which  it  might  have  excited,  as 
to  provide  for  her  own  fecurity,  and  to  marry 
a  perfon  who  could  not  give  the  leaft  umbrage 
to  the  queen.     Oh,    1563. 

FRANCISCA  SIDNEY,  comitiffa  Suf- 
fex,  Coll,  Sidney- Sujfex  Fundx.  1598-,  Faber  f.  A 
tabula  in  jEdibus  Coll.  Sidney- Sujfe:x  Magi,  ajjervata  j 
lage  ^to.  mezz. 

Frances,  countefs  of  Suflex,  was  fifler  to  Sir 
Henry  Sidney,  lord-deputy  of  Irelarid,  and  re- 
lift  of  Thomas  Ratcliffe,  earl  of  SufTex.  She 
left  by  will  5000  1.  befides  her  goods  unbe- 
queathed;  for  the  ereflion  of  the  college  in 
Cambridge  called  after  her  name.  Ob.  9  Mar. 
1588. 

MARY,  countefs  of  Pembroke,  niece  to  tht 
countefs  of  Suficx,  and  fitter  to  Sir  Philip  Sidney, 
See  the  next  reign. 

ELIZABETH,  baronefs  of  Effingham, 
and  afterwards  countefs  of  Nottingham,  wife  of 
admiral  Howard,  and  one  of  the  ladies  of  the 
queen's  houfehold.  See  her  portrait  in  the  pro- 
oeffion  of  the  queen  to  the  houfe  of  her  brother, 
the  lord  Hunfdon. 

The  following  ftory,  which  now  appears  to 
be  fufficiently  confirmed*  is  related  of  this 
lady  by  fcveral  authors. 

When  the  earl  of  Eflex  was  in  the  height  of 
favour  with  the  queen,  fhe  prefented  him  with 
a  ring,  telling  him  at  the  fame  time,  "  That 
"  whatever  he  fliould  commit,  Ihe  would  par- 

•  See  Birch's  "  Negotiations,"  p.  206,  and  "  Memoirs,"  vol. 
ii.  p.  481,  505,  506.  See  alfo  "  Royal  and  Noble  Authors," 
A:tic.  EssEZ, 


Class  XI.      o  i^   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  285 

"  don  him,  if  he  returned  that  pledge."  When 
he  lay  under  fentence  of  death,  this  ring  was 
delivered  to  the  countefs  of  Nottingham,  who 
undertook  to  carry  it  to  the  queen  j  but  at  the 
inftance  of  her  hufband,  the  earl's  avowed  ene- 
my, (he  betrayed  her  trull.  This  (he  confcfl'ed 
to  Elizabeth,  as  (he  lay  on  her  death-bed.  The 
flrong  pafTions  of  that  princefs  were  inftantly 
agitated ;  the  high-fpirited  ElTex  was  now  re- 
garded as  a  fuppliant ;  every  fpark  of  refent- 
ment  was  extinguifhed  -,  the  amiable  man,  the 
faithful  fervant,  the  injured  lover,  and  the  un- 
happy vi£tim,  now  recurred  to  her  thoughts; 
threw  her  into  the  mod  violent  agonies  of  grief, 
and  haftened  her  death. 

Lady  H  U  N  S  D  O  N,  wife  of  Henry  Carey 
lord  Hunfdon,  and  one  of  the  ladies  of  the  queen's 
houfehold.    Sec  the  procefTion  to  Hunfdon  houfe. 

ALICE,  daughter  of  John  SHERMAN, 
Efq.  of  Ottery  St.  Mary's  in  the  county  of  Dsvon^ 
wife  to  Richard  Perceval,  Ef.  fecretary,  i^c.  of  the 
court  of  wards-,  living  1599.  J-  Eaher  f.  1743, 
%vo,  mezz.  This  prints  and  feventeen  others,  of 
which  one  is  an  engraving,  were  done  for  **  A  Gene- 
alogical Hijiory  of  the  Houfe  of  I'very,  in  its  different 
Branches  of  Yvtry,  Lavel,  Perceval,  and  Gournay,'* 
in  two  volumes,  1742,  large  Zvo.  It  was  chiefly  corn- 
filed  by  Mr,  Anderfon ;  but  the  late  earl  of  Egmont 
had  a  great  hand  in  thii  very  laborious  and  expen/iv^ 
work.  The  book  was  fo  rare,  that  a  copy  has  been 
known  to  fell  at  an  autlion  for  four  guineas  ^, 

•  This  book,  wth  the  prints,  is  now  to  be  had,  at  a  lefs  price, 
of  Thomas  Evans,  bookfeller,  at  No.  50,  near  York  Buildings, 
in  the  Strand. 

C.  BERT- 


28  >  TheHISTORY         ELi2f; 

C  B  R  E  T  T  E  R  G,  /»  ^  large  ruff  and  high- 
crowned  hat.  Before  her  Life^  in  the  fecond  part  of 
Clark's  "  Marroiv  cf  Ecclefiafiical  Hifiory.^* 

Catharine  Bretterg,  a  woman  of  uncommon 
beauty  and  mofl:  exemplary  piety,  was  daughter 
of  Mr.  John  Bruen,  of  Bruen  Stapleford,  in 
Chefliire,  and  fifter  to  a  pious  gentleman  of  the 
fame  name,  whofe  charader,  which  is  iimilar 
to  her  own,  hath  been  mentioned  in  the  courfe 
cf  this  work.  She  was,  in  the  twentieth  year 
of  her  age,  married  to  Mr.  William  Bretterg, 
of  Bretterghold,  near  Liverpool,  in  Lancafhire, 
with  whom  flie  lived  in  the  mod  perfedt  har- 
mony for  about  two  years  j  when  to  the  regret 
of  all  that  knew  her  worth,  fhe  was  fnatched 
out  of  the  world  by  a  fever,  on  the  3 1  ft  of  May, 
160 1.  She  had  on  her  death-bed  fome  mif- 
givings  of  mind  as  to  her  fpiritual  ftate ;  but 
thefe  idle  dreams,  the  eJffefts  of  her  difteniper, 
prefently  vaniihed  ;  and  flie  died  exulting  in 
the  hopes  of  a  happy  immortality. 

A    SCOTCH    LADY. 

MARGARET,  countefs  of  Lenox,  daugh- 
ter of  Margaret  queen  of  Scots,  eldeft  fifter  to 
Henry  VIII.  by  Archibald  Douglas,  earl  of  An- 
gus. See  her  portrait,  with  that  of  Matthew 
Stuart,  her  hufband,  &c.  in  lord  Darnley's  ce- 
notaph. 

CLASS    XIL 

PERSONS   remarkable  from  one  Circum- 
stance,  &c. 

.»'       -f?       '^       ''ir-        '^      ''k       ''k       '^       -M 

REMARKS 


Dress.  o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  287 

REMARKS    ON    DRESS,    &c. 

We  are  informed  by  Hentzner  *,  that  the 
Encrlifii,  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  tut  the  hair 
dole  on  the  middle  of  the  head,  but  fuffered  it 
to  grow  on  either  fide. 

As  it  is  ufual  in  drefs,  as  in  other  things,  to 
pafs  from  one  extreme  to  another,  the  large 
jutting  coat  became  quite  out  of  fafhion  in  this 
reign^  and  a  coat  was  worn  refembling  a  waift- 
coat. 

The  men's  rufFs  were  generally  of  a  moderate 
fize,  the  women's  bore  a  proportion  to  their 
farthingales,  which  were  enormous. 

We  are  informed  that  fome  beaux  had  a6lu- 
ally  introduced  long  fvvords  and  high  rufFs, 
which  approached  the  royal  ftandard.  This 
roufed  the  jealoufy  of  the  queen  who  appoint- 
ed officers  to  break  every  man's  fword,  and  to 
clip  all  ruffs  which  were  beyond  a  certaia 
length  -{-. 

The  breeches,    or  to  fpcak  more  properly," 
drawers,  fell  far  (hort  of  the  knees,    and    the     " 
defe<5t  was  fupplied  with  long  hofe,  the  tops  of 
which  were  faftened  under  the  drawers. 

William,  earl  of  Pembroke,  was  the  firft 
who  wore  knit  (lockings  in  England,  which  ^^  i564< 
were  introduced  in  this  reign.  They  were  pre- 
fented  to  him  by  William  Rider,  an  apprentice 
near  London  Bridge,  who  happened  to  fee  a 
pair  brought  from  Mantua,  at  an  Italian  mer- 
chant's in  the  city,  and  made  a  pair  exactly 
like  them  J. 

•  See  his  "  Journey  to  England." 
-}■  Townflieiid's  "  Journals,"  p.  2500 
J  See  Stow's  "  Chron,"  p.  269, 

Edward 


288  TtiEHISTORt  Eliz* 

Edward  Vere,  the  feventeenth  earl  of  Ox* 
ford,  was  the  firft  that  introduced  embroidered 
gloves  and  perfumes  into  England,  which  he 
brought  from  Italy.  He  prcfented  the  queen 
,  with  a  pair  of  perfumed  gloves,  and  her  portrait 
was  painted  with  them  upon  her  hands  ^. 

At  this  period  was  worn  a  hat  of  a  fingular 
form,  which  refembled  a  clofe-ftool  pan  with  a 
broad  brim  f.  Philip  II.  in  the  former  reign, 
feems  to  wear  one  of  thefe  utenfils  upon  his 
head,  with  a  narrower  brim  than  ordinary,  and 
makes  at  leaft  as  grotefque  an  appearance,  as 
his  countryman  Don  Quixote  with  the  barber's 
balbn  J. 

The  reverend  Mr.  John  More  of  Norwich, 
one  of  the  worthieft  clergyman  in  the  reign  of 
Elizabeth,  gave  the  beft  reafon  that  could  be 
given,  for  wearing  the  longeft  and  largeft  beard 
of  any  Englilhman  of  his  time  •,  namely,  "  That 
"  no  adl  of  his  life  might  be  unworthy  of  the 
*'  gravity  of  his  appearance  §."  1  wifh  as  good 
a  reafon  could  always  have  been  affigned  for 
wearing  the  longeft  hair,  and  the  longeft  or 
largeft  wig  ||. 

It  was  ordered  in  the  firft  year  of  Elizabeth, 
that  no  fellow  of  Lincoln's  Inn  '*  fhould  wear 
any  beard  of  above  a  fortnight's  growth  5[.'* 

♦  Stow's  "  Annals"  p.  686. 

f  This  indecent  idea  forcibly  obtrudes  itfelf ;  and  I  am  under 
a  kind  of  neceflity  of  ufing  the  comparifon,  as  I  know  nothing 
elfe  that  in  any  degree  refenibles  it.  See  the  head  of  the  earl  of 
Morton,  by  Houbraken.  &c. 

X  See  his  head  by  Wirix,  or  in  Luckius's  *'  Sylloge  Numifra, 
elegant.  Argentina:,"  1620;  fol. 

4  Alebat  ille  quidem  non  comam,  at  barbam,  ut  nihil  tanta 
gravitate  indignum  committeret.  Holland's  "Heroologia/'  where 
may  be  feen  his  head. 

I!  See  "  The  mi  (chief  of  long  Hair,"  and  Mulliner  ••  Againft 
Ptriwisrs,  and  Prii wig  maker's,"  1708;  4to, 

fl  Dugdale'i  '«  Origines  Juridiciales." 

As 


Append.         of    ENGLAND.  '289 

As  the  queen  left  no  lefs  than  three  thoufand 
different  habits  in  her  wardrobe  when  (he  died*, 
and  was  pofTelTed  of  the  drefies  of  all  countries, 
it  is  fomewhat  ftrange  that  there  is  fuch  a  uni- 
formity of  drefs  in  her  portraits,  and  that  fhe 
fhould  take  a  pitrafure  in  being  loaded  with  or- 
naments. 

At  this  time  the  ftays,  or  boddice,  were  worn 
long-waifted.  Lady  Hunfdon,  the  foremoft  of 
the  ladies  in  the  procefTion  to  Hunfdon  houfe, 
appears  with  a  much  longer  waift  than  thofe 
that  follow  her.  She  might  pofTibly  have  been 
a  leader  of  the  faihion,  as  well  as  of  the  pro- 
ceffion. 


APPENDIX  to  the  Reign  of  ELIZABETH. 

FOREIGNERS. 

K  N  i  G  H  T  S  of  the  G  A  R  T  E  R;      '^ 

M  A  X  IM  I  L.  II.  Rom.  Imp.  a  medallion.  In 
ilr:  Continuation  ofXiolziui's  "  Series  of  the  Emperors  i'* 
fol.  1645. 

Maximilian  11.  fon  of  Ferdinand,  brother  to 
Charles  V  was  engaged  in  a  very  troublefome 
war  with  the  Turks,  which  was  renewed  in  the 
reign  cf  Rodolph  his  fon.  He  was  a  munifi- 
cent patron  of  learned  men ;  and  the  greatefl: 
mafter  of  languages  of  any  prince,  if  not  of  any 
man  of  his  time,  being  able  to  fpeak  no  lefs 
than  eight  with  facility.  He  was  ehcled  king 
of  Poland ;  but  his  death  prevented  his  taking 
poiTcffion  of  that  kingdom.     Ob.  12  Get.  1576. 

*  Carte,  vol.  iii.  p.  702. 

Vol.  I.  U  RODOL- 


290  The    HISTORY  Eliz. 

R  O  D  O  L  P II  U  S  11.  a  large  medallion ;  tiU 
fupra. 

Rodolph  II.  Ton  of  Maximilian  II.  was  un- 
fuccefsful  in  his  wars  with  the  Turk-.,  who  took 
from  him  a  confiderable  part  of  Huny;ary.  He 
was  a  friend  to  arts  and  learning  in  general, 
particularly  to  painters  and  mathematicians. 
Fie  made  a  coiiedlion  of  pictures,  at  an  immenfe 
expence,  from  all  parts  of  Europe ;  and  had 
the  pieafure  of  feeing  the  arts  flourifli  under  his 
own  eye,  in  Germany.  John  Raphael,  and 
Giles  Sadeier,  who  are  defervedly  reckoned 
among  the  beft  engravers  of  their  time,  were 
patronized  by  him.  The  moft  eminent  of  thefe 
brethren  was  Giles,  or  ^gidius  *,  wlio  was  ex- 
ceeded by  none  of  the  workmen  of  that  age, 
Ob.  IOI2,  ^t.  59. 

CHARLES  IX.   roy  de  France.      One  of 
the  Set  of  the  Kings  of  Fra?ice^  by  Jaques  de  Bie; 
'     h.  fJj. 

Charles  IX.  king  of  France,   was  a  prince 
equally  perfidious   and  cruel  -f-.     After  he  had 
made   peace   with    the    Hugonots,   and    lulled 
them   into  a  profound  fecurity,   he   ordered  a 
A     n.        general  flaughter  to  be  made  of  them  at  Paris, 
1572.  at  the  celebration  or  the  king  or  Navarre  s  mar- 

riage. This  bloody  maffacre  will  be  a  ftain  in 
the  annals  of  the  French  nation,  to  the  end  of 
time.  The  Eno-lifh  court  went  into  mourning 
upon  this  melancholy  occafion,  and  the  moft  un- 
dilTcmbled  forrow  fat  on  every  countenance,  when 

•  Mr.  Evelyn  miftook  Giles  and  .^^Igidius  for  twoperfons.  See 
his  <'  Sculptiira." 


-j-  Nee  tibi  cHva  parens,  generis  nee  D.irdanus  auilor, 
Peifide  !   fed  duiis  genuit  te  cautibus  liorrens 
Caucafus,  Hyrcanxque  adiuorunt  Uoeia  Tigres; 


the 


Append.        ofENGLAND.  ^     291 

the  French  ambaffador,   foon  after  that  event, 
had  his  audience  of  the  queen.     Ob,  1574. 

HENRY  III.  roy  de  Fran,  et  de  Pologne. 

One  of  the  Set  hy  J.  de  Bie ;  h.  ftj. 

Henri  III.  roy  de  France,  &c.  very  mat^  in  an 
6V0I0  border ;  /mail  /ijo. 

Henry  III.  king  of  France,  who  was  fuitor 
to  Elizabeth,  when  he  was  duke  of  Anjou,  loft, 
by  his  male-adminiltrrition,.  the  great  reputation 
he  had  acquired  before  he  had  afcended  the 
throne.  After  he  had  caufed  the  duke  of  Guife, 
and  the  cardinal  his  brother,  to  be  aiTallinated, 
and  had  entered  into  a  confederacy  with  the 
Hugonots,  he  was  mortally  wounded  himfeif 
by  Jaques  Clement  a  Dominican  friar;  who 
had  the  good  fortune  to  die  by  "the  fwords  of 
the  courtiers,  upon  the  fpot  where  he  killed  thq 
king.    Ok  I  Aug.  1589. 

HENRY  IV.  roy  de  France  et  NavarreJ 
O^e  of  tie  Set  by  J.  de  Bie ;  h.  fro. 

Henry  iV.  &c.  One  of  the  ft  of  the  gallery  of 
illujirious  men,  in  the  Palais  Cardinal,  now  called  ths 
Palais  Royal  \   h>ftj. 

There  are  feveral  portraits  of  him    in   the 
Luxemburg  Gallery. 

The  capacity  of  Henry  IV.  was  equally 
adapted  to  peace  or  war.  France,  which  had 
been  harraited  and  torn  by  civil  wars  for  near 
half  a  century,  had  an  interval  of  repofe  under 
this  great  prince,  who,  by  the  afTiftance  of  the 
duke  of  Sully,  one  of  the  moft  able,  indul- 
trious,  and  faithful  minifters  that  ever  ferved 
a  king,  brought  order  into  the  finances,  encou- 
raged agriculture  and  the  manual  arts,  and  laid 
the  foundation  of  that  power  and  grandeur  to 
U  2  which 


29- 


Th  E   HISTORY  ELiz. 

which  the  French  monarchy  afterwards  rofe. 
The  bifliop  of  Rodez,  in  his  "  Life  of  Henry,'* 
intimates,  that  his  extravagant  pafTion  for  the 
female  fcx,  was  the  occafion  of  his  death.  Fie, 
in  1610,  was  aflairinatcd  by  Raviliac,  a  lay 
Jefuit. 

FREDERICK  VI.  duke  of  WIrtembergh, 
&c.  was  eledcd  knight  of  the  Garter  in  this  reign. 
He  was  inverted  with  the  enfigns  of  the  order  by 
Robert  lord  Spencer,  of  Wormleighton,  1603, 
he  having  been  fent  into  Germany,  by  king  James 
for  that  purpofe.  His  portrait  is  at  Hampton 
Court-,  and  there  is  a  print  of  him  in  a  quarto  'vo- 
lume which  1  havefeen.  It  was  written  in  Latin  by 
Erhardus  Cellius,  and  contains  a  particular  ac- 
count of  the  order  of  the  Garter  and  the  invefti- 
ture  of  tlie  duke,  and  is  intcrfperfed  with  variety 
of  memoirs  relative  to  Frederic  and  his  family. 
It  is  intitled  "  Equiiis  Aurati  Anglo  Wirtemhergici^ 
Uhri  VIII.  feu  A^us,  quo  Jacobus  \.  R.  A.  Frede- 
rtcMm,  D.  Wirtetnb.  [olennibus  Ceremoniis  Equitem 
Aurafum  declarazit.'^  Tubing^e,  1605,  410.  This 
prince  was  defervedly  flyled  "  the  Magnanimous.** 
Upon  the  demife  of  his  uncle,  Lewis  III.  he  re- 
covered the  duchy  of  Wirtembergh,  and  fhook 
off  the  dominion  of  the  houfe  of  Auftria.  He 
was  more  than  once  in  England  in  quality  of  am- 
baffador.     Qb.  29  Jan.  i6o8. 


FOREIGNERS,  who  were  in  ENGLAND. 

F  R  A  N  C  O  I  S,   due  d'Alencon   depuis  due 
d'Anjou;  in  armour;  whole  lengthy  h.  Jh» 

Francis,  duke  of  Anjou,  brother  to  Francis 
II,  Charles  IX.  and  Henry  III.   was  twen-y- 

iivc 


Append.         ofENGLAND. 

five  years  younger  than  Elizabeth.  He  had 
madefome  progrefs  in  his  fuit  with  that  princefs, 
before  he  came  into  England  *,  and  had  a  le- 
cret  interview  with  her  at  Greenwich,  in  which, 
though  his  perfon  was  not  advantageous,  he 
gained  confiderably  upon  her  afFeftions.  He 
came  into  England  a  fecond  time,  the  fame 
year,  and  was  gracioufly  received  by  her.  On 
the  anniveriary  of  her  coronation,  (lie  publicly 
took  a  ring  from  her  finger,  and  put  it  on  the 
duke's.  This  wife  princ':rrs  was  very  near  being 
the  dupe  of  her  paffions -,  buc,  after  a  long 
ftruffo-le  betwixt  her  realon  and  her  love,  {lie 
reludantly  yielded  to  the  former,  and  the  march 
was  broken  off. 

It  hath  been  obferved,  that  queen  Elizabeth 
had  much  better  have  married  the  tailor  who 
died  for  love  of  her  than  the  duke  of  Anjou  -f. 

CECILIA,  Marrhi'nefs  of  Baden,  and  fifter 
of  Eric,  king  of  Sweden,  was  here  in  the  reign 
of  Elizabeth  |.  Her  prim  is  in  Lett's  "  E'iza- 
hetha^''  torn.  i.  Helena,  Marquelle  of  Northamp- 
ton, to  whom  Spencer  dedicated  his  "•  Daph- 
naida,"  was  in  her  retinue,  as  appears  from  her 
monument  in  Saliftury  cathedral. 

*  When  the  French  co-.'nrriiffioners  were  fent  to  make  their 
propofals  of  marriage  betwixt  Elizabeth  and  this  prince,  they 
were  attended  by  a  great  train  of  rhe  French  nobility,  in  all  the 
pomp  and  glitter  of  drefs.  The  Englifh  vied  with  them  upon 
this  occafion,  and  the  court  v;3S  never  feen  fo  brilliant.  Jufts 
and  tournaments  were  celebrated,  in  which  the  prime  nobility 
were  challengers  j  and  a  magnificence  was  difplayed  in  this  ro- 
mantic folemnity,  fuperior  to  what  had  been  feen  in  the  time  of 
Henry  VIII. 

f  It  miift  be  a  matter  of  concern  to  a  true  antiquary,  that  the 
name  of  this  ill-ltarred  wight  was  never  recorded.  Cfjprne 
mentions  his  diiaftrous  pafiion,  ilyling  him  "  that  taylor  reported 
to  have  wliined  away  hirafelf  for  the  love  of  queen  Elizabeth." 
Ofborns's  Works,  p.  54,  edit.  9. 

X  See  Stow,  Hollinfhed,  and  Camden,  under  the  year  1565. 

U  2  The 


'9% 


B94 


The    history  Eliz. 

The  duke  of  F  E  R  I  A  ;   an  etckitig ;  collar  of 
the  Golden  Fleece;  cloak  \  half  len.  iimo. 

Don  Gomez  Suarez,  de  Figueros  y  Cordova, 
came  into  England  with  king  Philip,  and  was 
afterwards  created  duke  of  Feria  in  Spain,  He 
married  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Dor- 
mer, knighc  of  the  Bath,  maid  of  honour  to 
queen  Mary,  and  filter  of  the  firft  baron  Dor- 
mer of  Wenge  in  the  county  of  Bucks.  He  was 
employed  in  feveral  embaflies  from  Philip  to 
Elizabeth,  in  the  beginning  of  her  reign ;  and 
was  much  incenfed  againil  her  for  not  fuffering 
his  wife's  grandmother,  and  other  catholics,  to 
rtTide  in  the  Low  Countries,  and  preferve  their 
•  eiiatesand  effeds  in  England. 

In  Lett's  *'  Elizahetta,''  torn.  i.  is  a  print  of  Don 

DIEGO  GUZMAN    DE    SILVA,   amhaf 

fc dor  from  Philip  II.  in  1564. 

^"here  is  aljo  a  print  0/  POMPON  E    DE 

BELLIEVRE,  chancellor  cf  France ;  //  is  a 

large  (quarto  engraved  by  Eoiffcvin. 

He  was  fent  into  England  in  the  quality  of 
ambaffador  by  Henry  IV.  as  was  alfo  the  mar- 
quis of  Rofni,  mentioned  in  the  next  reign. 

H  A  R  R  A  L  D  H  U  I  T  F  E  L  D-,  Syfang  fc. 
ti^avo  fize.    In   Hofman's    ''  Portraits   Hirtoriques 
*'  des  Hommes  illuftresde  Dannemarcke,"/'.'zr/  i. 
Harrald   Huitfeld,  lord  of  Odifberg,   chan- 
cellor and  fcnator  of  the  kingdom  of  Denmark, 
was  advanced  to  the  important  office  of  prin- 
cipal fecretary  of  ftare,   when  he  was  but  twen- 
ty-fix years  of  age.     In  1597,  he,  together  with 
Chriftian  Bernekau,  was  fent  ambafiador  to  the 
Englifii  court.     He  was  charged  to  propofe  a 
renewal  of  the  former  treaties  betwixt  the  two 
crowns  j  to  complain  cf  the  depredations  of  the 

Engliih 


Append.         of  ENGLAND.  295 

Eno^liili  privateers  upon  the  Daniili  merchants, 
and  to  offer  hi<Lmaftcr's  mediation  in  negotiat- 
ing a  peace  between  England  and  Spain,  The 
queen  readily  contented  to  a  renev;el  of  the 
treaties,  and  promifcd  to  make  reftitution  for 
the  damages  done  by  the  privateers,  and  to  pat 
a  ftop  to  their  hoililitie'?,  provided  that  the  fub- 
jecfts  of  the  king  oi'  Den  naik  would  no  longer 
fuppiy  her  enemies  with  warlike  ilores.  Her 
majefty  waved  the  overture  o^  mt-diating  'a 
peace  between  England  and  Spain,  alleging, 
that  if  the  Spanidi  monarch  ^vere  defirous  of 
putting  an  end  to  the  war,  he  fliould  propofe  it 
hiiT.ifelf.  Chancellor  Huitfeid  Hands  hish  on 
the  lift  of  hiftorians.  His  "  Hiftories  of  Den- 
mark and  Norway"  are  hiS  capital  works.  The 
beft  edition  of  the  former  is  in  two  volumes 
folio.  He  died  the  i6th  of  December  1608, 
aged  fifty-nine  years. 

CHRISTIAN  FRITS,  Chancellier :  F, 
Van  Bkyfwyk  del.  &  f.  afmall  bead;  in  Hofman^s 
*'  Portraits  Hiftoriques,"  &c. 

Chriftian  Friis,  lord  of  Borreby,  was  fent  am- 
baffador  into  England  by  Frederic  11.  king  of 
Denmark,  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  ;  and  by 
Chriftian  IV.  in  the  next  reign.  He  was  emi- 
nent as  a  fcholar,  and  diiiinguiftied  himfelf  in 
the  higher  provinces  of  bnfinefs.  Chriftian, 
after  his  worth  had  been  fufficiently  tried,  raifed 
him  to  the  great  ouice  of  chancellor.  He  di- 
ed the  29th  of  June,  161 6. 

W  I  L  L I  A  M    D  U    ^  ART  AS;  cut  in 

icood.     Before  Syhejlefs   tranjlaiion  of  his   works. 
Oval, 

U  4  "William 


2.^6  The    HISTORY  Eliz; 

William  du  Bartas  an  eminent  French  poer, 
and  a  gallant  foldier,  was  agent  for  the  king  of 
Navarre,  afterwards  Henry  IV.  at  the  courts  of 
England  and  Scotland.  He  was  fent  an  agent 
into  ihe  latter  kingdom,  with  a  view  of  bringing 
about  a  match  betwixt  Henry's  fifter  and  James 
VI*.  James  did  his  utmoil  to  prevail  with 
him  to  enter  into  his  fcrvice,  but  he  was  too 
flrongly  attached  to  Henry.  He  has  been  rank- 
ed, by  fome,  with  the  modern  heroic  poets  of 
the  firft  form ;  a  diftinflion  to  which  he  is  by 
ro  means  intitled  -f-.  Though  Sylvelter  got 
more  reputation  by  tranflating  the  "  Weeks 
and  Works  of  Du  Bartas"  than  by  all  his  owri 
compofitions,  he  has  been  juftly  accufed  of  de- 
bafmo;  the  orisiinal  with  falfe  wit.  One  of  the 
moft  confiderable  of  Du  Bartas's  works  i§  his 
poem  on  the  memorable  battle  of  Ivry,  won 
by  the  king  his  mafter  in  1590. 

PIERRE  de  BOURDEILLE  Seigneur 
de  Brantome:  J.  V.  Scjplcy  fc.  1740,  iimo.  In 
the  \$th  tome  of  bis  works. 

Peter  Bourdeille,  abbe  of  Brantome,  by 
which  name  he  is  generally  diftinguifhed,  was, 
in  the  former  part  of  his  life,  a  man  of  uncom- 
mon curiofity  and  fpiiif,  which  carried  him 
not  only  through  moft  parts  of  Europe,  but 
into  Africa  and  Greece,  He  enjoyed  the  coun- 
tenance and  favour  of  feveral  royal  and  noble 
perfonagesj  and  was  an  acute  and  nice  obferv- 
cr  of  men  and  manners  \  but  was  particularly 
inquifitive  into  the  character  and  conduct  of 
the  female  fex.     He  is  bell  known  to  the  world 


Thuanus. 

S^e  Davenant's  preface  to  "  Gondibert," 


'^ 


Append.        of   ENGLAND.  297 

as  the  biographer  oigdlant  and  illujlrmis  women, 
and  has  given  us  memoirs  of  fome  great  ladies 
whom  he  peri^:)naliy  knew,  and  drawn  their 
principal  and  moft  charafleriftic  features  from 
the  life.  For  this  he  was  particularly  qualified 
in  the  inftance  of  his  unhappy  miftrefs,  Mary, 
queen  of  Scots,  whom  he  faw  in  the  morning 
of  her  beauty,  and  admired  in  the  meridian  of 
her  fplendor-,  nor  was  he  a  ftranger  to  that 
thick  and  fettled  cloud  of  misfortune,  guilt, 
and  mifery  that  almoft  totally  eclipfed  the  re- 
mainder of  her  life.  He,  together  with  fevcral 
of  the  French  nobility,  accompanied  Mary  to 
Scotland,  and  returning  to  France  through 
England,  was,  by  his  curiolity,  detained  fome 
time  in  London.  He  died  about  the  year  1600. 
The  reader  who  is  inclined  to  know  more  of 
his  perfonal  hiftory,  is  referred  to  the  account 
of  him  prefixed  to  the  15th  tome  of  his  works 
or  to  his  article  in  Moreri's  Didionary  *." 
In  Jebb's  2d  folio  "  De  Vita  et  Rebus  geftis 
*'  Marias  Scotorum  Regin^,"  occurs  all  that 
Brantome  has  written  of  this  princefs.  '*Mary 
**  Stuart,  queen  of  Scots,  being  the  fecret  Hif- 
*'  tory  of  her  Life,  &c.  tranflated  from  the 
"French;"  8vo.  ^d  edit.  1726,  is,  as  I  am 
informed,  from  the  original  of  the  fame  au- 
thor. 

FRANCISCUS  GOMARUS,  Theo- 
logiae  Primarius  FrofclTor.  In  Meurfius's  "  Athe- 
,*«  nss  Batavx,  five  de  Urbe  Leidenfi  et  Acade- 
"  mia,  Virifque  claris,*'  &c.  1625,  ^to.  Moft  of 
the  heads  in  this  volume  have  been  copied  in  the 
f  Continuation  of  Bcijfard.'^ 


•  SeeBounDEiLLE, 


Francis 


298  The    HISTORY         Eliz. 

Francis  Gomarus,  an  eminent  divine  and  ori- 
entaliil,  was  born  at  Bruges  in  1^65.^  ana  edu- 
cated at  Stralburg,  under  the  eel  brated  John 
SturmiLis.  In  1582,  he  came  over  to  Englant^, 
and  heard  the  theological  le^Uires  of  Dr.  Rey- 
nolds at  Oxford,  and  Dr.  Whitaker  at  Cam- 
bridge. He  was  protefibr  of  divinity  at  Ley- 
den,  read  publiely  in  that  fcience  in  Middle- 
burg,  had  the  divitiity  chair  at  Saiimur,  and 
laftly,  was  profeffor  of  divinity  and  Hebrew  at 
Groningen,  where  he  died,  on  the  nth  of  Ja- 
nuary, 1641.  He  was  a  great  antagonifl:  of 
Arminius,  with  whom  he  difpured  before  the 
States  of  Holland.  He  gained  great  reputa- 
tion by  revifmg  the  Dutch  tranflation  of  the 
Bible.  His  works  were  printed  at  Amflerdam, 
in  folio,  1645. 

LUCAS   TRELCATIUS,  Pater,  &c. 

4/^.     In  MeurfiiAs's  "  Athen.  Bat." 

Lucas  Trelcatius,  the  Elder,  was  a  divine  of 
eminent  learning  and  piety,  who,  in  the  early 
part  of  his  life,  fuffered  greatly  by  renouncing 
theRomiili  religion,  in  which  he  had  been  edu- 
cated. Threatened  and  terrified  by  the  civil 
war  which  raged  in  Flanders,  he  fheltered  him- 
felf  in  England,  where  he  taught  Ichool  with 
great  reputation,  for  eight  years.  He  was  after- 
wards minifter  of  the  French  church  at  Leyden, 
and  profefibr  of  divinity  in  that  univerfity.  lie 
died  in  1602,  aged  fixty.  His  fon  Lucas,  who 
was  born  in  England,  and  was  alfo  a  divine  of 
eminence,  fucceeded  him  in  the  prof efTor (hip, 
and  died  at  Leyden  1607,  in  the  thirty-fourth 
year  of  his  age.  His  print  is  alfo  in  "  Athen. 
Bat." 

PETRUS 


Append;         of    ENGLAND.  299 

PETRUS  BERTIUS,  Collegii  .illufl. 
Ordinum  Regens,  (in  Academia  Leidenfi)  4/^.  In 
"  Achen.  Bat." 

Peter  Bertius,  a  very  learned  and  eminent 
divine,  was  born  in  Flanders,  and  brought  into 
England,  when  he  was  but  three  months  old, 
by  his  parents,  who  dreaded  the  perfecution 
which  then  prevailed  in  the  Low  Countries.  He 
received  the  rudiments  of  his  excellent  educa- 
tion in  the  fuburbs  of  London,  under  Chriftian 
Rychius,  and  Petronia  Laniberg  his  learned 
daughter-in-law.  He  afterwards  fludied  ac 
Leyden,  with  unwearied  diligence  and  a  fuit- 
able  proficiency,  and  was,  for  his  diftinguiflied 
merit,  appointed  regent  of  the  college  of  the 
States.  He  was  author  of  feveral  theological 
treatifes,  and  of  a  volume  or  two  of  Poems 
and  Orations.  He  publifhed  "  Gorl^us's  Ca- 
"  binet  of  Medals,'*  to  which  were  added  plates 
of  Roman  coins,  not  to  be  found  in  Fulvius 
Urfinus. 

JOHANNES,  DRUSIUS,  Linguze 
San6las  ProfefTor,  (in  Academia  Leidenfi)  /\to.  In 
I'  Athen.  Bat/' 

John  Drufius,  commonly  called  Vander  Dri- 
efche,  whofe  parents  were  alfo  driven  into  Eng- 
land  by  the  perfecuaon  in  the  Low  Countries, 
was,  for  his  knowledge  in  Greek  and  the  ori- 
ental languages,  equal,  at  lead,  to  any  divine 
of  his  age.  He  was  a  member  of  Merton  col- 
lege, in  Oxford,  and  was  admitted  to  the  de- 
gree of  bachelor  of  arts,  having  continued  four 
years  in  that  houfe,  and  read  Hebrew,  Chal- 
dee,  or  Syriac  leftures.  He  was  mighcy  in  the 
Scriptures  as  appears  by  his  Commentaries,   a 

great 


^00 


The   HISTORY         Eliz, 

j^reat  part  of  which  are  in  the  "  Criiid  Sacri.'* 
I  have-  pliced  him  here  among  the  divines  cele- 
brated by  Meurfius,  as,  in  1576,  he  was  cho- 
fen  Hebrew  profeflbr  at  Leyden,  and  was  after- 
wards eicded  profeflbr  at  Franeker,  where  he 
continued  many  years,  and  died  the  12th  of 
February,  16 15-16,  in  the  fixty-fixth  year  of 
his  age. 

PETRUS   MOLINEUS,    Philcfophiae 

Naturalis  Profeflbr,   (in  Academia  Leidenfi)  ^to. 
In  »<  Athen.  Bat." 

Peter  du  Moulin  fled  from  the  perfecution 
of  the  Proteftants  in  Prance,  to  purfue  his  ftu- 
dies  in  England,  where  he  cultivated  an  ac- 
quaintance with  the  famous  Reynolds  and  Whit- 
aker,  men  of  a  fimilar  charader  with  his  own, 
as  he  was  much  more  a  divine  than  a  naturalid. 
He  died  at  Sedan,  in  1658,  in  the  ninetieth  year 
of  his  agje.  One  of  his  theoiofrical  works  is 
'*  Defsvfio  Fidei  Catholics  pro  ferenijfwio  Major  is 
"  Britannia  Rege  J^col^o." 

DOMINICUS   BAUDIUS,   J.   C.    et 

Hifloriarum  Profeflbr.     In  '^  Athen.  Bat."  ^.to. 

Dominicus  Baudius,  profeflbr  of  hiflory  in 
the  univerfity  of  Leyden,  was  a  man  of  general 
learning  ;  but  he  particularly  fiione  in  polite 
literature.  He  hnd  a  happy  vein  of  poetry ; 
was  mafter  of  a  good  Latin  fl:yle,  which  though 
not  of  the  purefl  kind,  was,  in  elegance  at  leall, 
fuperior  to  that  of  moft  of  the  moderns.  He 
was  fome  time  one  of  the  advocates  at  the 
Hague,  and  afterwards  admitted  an  advocate 
in  the  parliament  of  Paris.  He  was  twice  in 
England  in  this  reign,  where  great  refpci^  was 
paid  him  by  feveral  psrfons  of  learning  and  po- 

litenefs. 


At>PEND.         OF  ENGLAND.  301 

litenefs,  efpecially  by  Sir  Philip  Sidney.  His 
excellence  as  a  man  of  wit  and  a  fcholar,  may 
be  feen  in  his  "  Letters"  and  his"  Amours*,'* 
which  ftrongly  mark  his  chara6ler,  and  his 
weaknefs  in  regard  to  wine  and  women.  This 
fometimes  brought  him  into  ridiculous  diftrefies, 
and  expofed  him  to  the  contempt  of  fuch  as 
were  every  way  his  inferiors  but  in  point  of  pru- 
dence.    He  died  the  22d  of  Auguft,  1613. 

PAULUS  MERULA,  J.  C.  et  Hifto- 
riarum  Profeflbr  j  410,   In,  *'  Athen.  Bat.'* 

Paul  Merula,  an  eminent  Dutch  lawyer,  was 
fucceflbr  to  the  celebrated  Juflus  Lipfius,  in 
the  profefibrlhip  of  hiftory  at  Leyden.  It  is  a 
fufficient  encomium  on  him,  to  fay  that  he  was 
deemed  worthy  to  fucceed  fo  great  a  man. 
Meurfius,  who  informs  us  that  he  was  in  Eng- 
land, has  given  a  lift  of  his  works,  which  are 
chitfly  on  hiftoricai  fubjeds.  Ob.  1607,  J?/. 
49. 

JANUS  DOUS  A,  Academism  Curator,  &c. 
^to.    In  «  Auhen.  Bat." 

Janus  Doufa  the  elder  was  the  Hrft  curator 
of  the  univerfity  of  Leyden,  which  he  bravely 
defended  againft  the  Spaniards  as  a  governor, 
and  ably  prcfided  over  as  a  fcholar.  He  was 
author  of  various  Latin  poems,  and  of  the 
"  Annals  of  Holland"  in  verfe  and  profe,  and 
wrote  notes  upon  feveral  clalT^c  authors,  as  did 
alfo  his  fon  Janus,  though  he  died  at  the  age  of 
twenty-fix  years.  Fie  had  three  other  fons  who 
diftinguifhcd  thernfclves  as  men  of  letters.  The 
father  died  of  the  plague  in  1604.  He  is  placed 
here  as  having  travelled  into  England. 

•   Intitled  "  Dominici  Baudii  Amores,""  edente  Petro  Scrlverio. 
Lug,  Bat.  J638.  Before  the  firit  page  is  a  neat  print  of  the  author. 

DANIEL 


302 


The    history  Eliz. 

DANIELHEIN3IUS,  Bibliothecarius 
et  Politices  ProfelTor,  (in  Academia  Leidenfi)  4/^. 
Jn  "  Athen.  Bat."  "  Quantum  eft  quod  neici- 
"  mus,"  at  the  top  of  the  o'uaL 

Daniel  Heinfius,  to  whom  "  ^antum  eji 
quod  fcimiis^'  may  more  aptly  be  applied,  was 
one  of  the  moft  learned  and  ingenious  men  of 
his  age  and  country.  He  was  author  of  Poems 
in  Greek,  Latin,  and  Dutch^  and  wrote  Latin 
notes  and  interpretations  on  feveral  capital 
Greek  authors.  He  was  very  young  when  he 
came  into  England  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth 
His  fon  Nicholas  was  alfo  an  ingenious  poet 
and  philologer. 

FRANCISCUS  RAPHELENGIUS, 

&c.    In  "  Athen.  Bat."  4/^7. 

Francis  Raphelengius,  a  Fleming,  celebrated 
for  his  fkiil  in  the  oriental  languages,  ftudied  at 
Paris,  whence  he  was  driven  by  the  civil  wars 
into  England,  where  he  taught  Greek  in  the 
univerfity  of  Cambridge.  He  was,  for  a  con- 
fiderable  time  corredtor  of  the  prefs  to  the  fa- 
mous Chriilopher  Flantin  "^j  whofe  daughter  he 
married.  He  had  a  great  hand  in  the  famous 
Antwerp  Bible,  publiilied  in  the  original  He- 
brew by  Benedi6tus  Arius  Montanus,  with  an 
interlineary  verfion.  He  made  a  great  profici- 
ency in  the  Arabic,  and  compofcd  a  Dictionary 
in  that  language.  In  the  latter  part  of  his  life^ 
he  refided  at  Leyden,  where  the  Hebrew  pro- 
fefibrfhip  was  conferred  upon  him  by  the  cura- 
tors of  that  univerfity.  The  many  notes  and 
correflions  which  he  did  for  the  learned  works 
printed  by  Plantin,  to  which  he  was  too  modeft 
to  affix  his  name,  were  fufiicient  to  have  tranf- 

•  He  printed  both  at  Aritwerp  and  Leyden. 

mitted 


Append."       of  ENGLAND.  303 

mitted  it  with  honour  to  poRerity.     He  died 
the  20th  of  July,  1597. 

JANUS*  GRUTERUS,  &c.  Ob.  20 
Septembris,  1627  ;  four  Latin  verjes^  h.  Jh. 

Janus  Gruterus,  a  native  of  Antwerp,  and 
one  of  the  moft  laborious  and  voluminous  wri- 
ters of  his  time,  was,  when  a  child,  brought 
into  England  by  his  parents.  His  mother  who 
is  fdid  to  have  been  an  Englifh  woman,  and 
whofe  name  was  Catharine  Tifhem,  was  his 
firft  tutor,  being  perfectly  qualified  for  that 
employment,  as  fhe  was  one  of  the  moft  learn- 
ed women  of  the  age.  She  is  faid  to  have  fu- 
perintended  his  education,  for  feveral  years,  at 
Cambridge.  He  afterwards  ftudied  at  Leyden, 
where  he  took  his  do6lor's  degree  in  the  civil 
law,  but  foon  quitted  that  ftudy,  and  ad- 
difled  himfelf  to  philology  and  hiftory.  He 
wrote  notes  upon  the  Roman  hiftorians  and  fe- 
veral of  the  poets  j  publifhcd  all  the  works  of 
Cicero  with  nores,  a  book  once  in  great  efteem, 
but  it  hath  fmce  given  place  to  the  edition  of 
Grcevius,  as  that  hath  to  Olivet's.  His  Flo- 
*'  rilegium  magnum^  feu  Poly  ant  hea^"  is  a  volumi- 
nous common-place  bock,  fo!  aierly  valued  as 
a  treafure.  His  "  Chronicon  CbronlcoruwC*  is  a 
proof  of  his  induftry  in  hiftory  -,  but  the  chief 
of  all  his  performances  is  his  *'  Collection  of 
**  ancient  Infcriptions,"  a  work  not  only  eftim- 
able  for  the  hillorical  knowledge  contained  in 
it,  but  becaufe  it  throws  the  clearelt  light  upon 
a  multitude  of  obfcure  pafTages  in  clafiic  au- 
thors. It  would  be  fuperfluous  to  mention  his 
"  Lanipas  Critica  j,"  fuppofed  to  be  hurled  at 

*  Janus  means  John.     See  Joane,   in  the  trail  of  names,  in 
"  Camden  s  Remains." 
f  It  is  intitled  >•  Lampas,  five  Fax  Artium  libaralium,"  Sec. 

Dr. 


304  The   HISTORY  Eliz. 

Dr*  Norris*s  head  by  John  Dennis,  in  his  phren- 
fy,  as  the  admirable  piece  of  humour  in  which 
it  is  related  is  probably  known  to  every  one  of 
my  readers.    Ob,  24  Sept.  1627. 

ABRAHAM  ORTELIUS;  thus  in- 
fcribed. 

*'  Speftandum  dedit  Ortelius  mortalibus  orbem, 
«f  Orbi  fpedandum  Galleus  *  Ortelium." 

Frontifpiece  to  his  "  I'heatrum  Orhis"  1603;  fol. 
to  which  is  prefixed  his  life.  There  is  a  copy  of  this 
head  in  the  "  Continuation  of  Boiffard.''* 

Abraham  Ortelius,  the  celebrated  geogra- 
pher, was  a  fojourner  at  Oxford  in  the  reign  of 
Edward  VI.  and  came  a  fecond  time  into  En- 
gland in  1577.  His  "  Theatrum  Orbis"  was 
the  completeft  work  of  the  kind  that  had  ever 
been  publiflied,  and  gained  him  a  reputation 
equal  to  his  immenfe  labour  in  compiling  it. 
The  world  was  not  only  obliged  to  him  for  this 
very  eftimable  book,  but  alfo  for  the  "  Bri- 
*'  tannia,"  which  he  firfl  perfuaded  Camden  to 
undertake.     Ob.  1598. 

MATTHIAS  de  LOBEL,  &c.  Bela^ 
ram  fc, 

Matthias  Lobel,  a  Flemilh  phyfician,  was  one 
of  the  greatefl-  botanifts  of  his  time.  He  fpent 
the  latter  part  of  his  life  in  England,  where  he 
publilhed   his    "  Stirpium  Adverfaria,"   1570, 

♦  Galle,  the  engraver  of  this  head,  did  a  plate  for  Ortelius  of 
the  death  of  the  Virgin,  which  is  eflieemed  by  the  curious  one  of 
the  moft  elegant  produftions  of  that  asje.  The  print,  'vVhich  is 
very  fcarce,  is  infciibed  ;  "  Sic  Petri  lirugelii  archetypum  Gal- 
•'  leus  imitabatur.— Abrah.  Ortelius  fibj  et  amicis,  fieri  curabat." 
Sh. 

foU 


Append.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  305 

fol.  in  which  work  he  was  aflifted  by  Peter  Pena.' 
In  1576,  he  re-publifhed  the  fame  book,  with 
confiderable  additions.     He  was  alfo  author  of 
an  Herbal  in  the  Dutch  language,  and  was  en- 
gaged in  another  great  work,  which  he  did  not 
live  to  finifh.     Gerarde,   who  was  his  intimate 
friend,  has  followed  the  method  of  the  "  Ad- 
*'  verfaria,"  in  his  Herbal.     The  name  of  Lo- 
bel  is  familiar  to  all   botanifts,  and  affixed  to 
the  names  of  many  plants,  as  chara6teriftical  of 
their    fpecies.     The  time  of  his  death   is  not 
known.     He  calls  himfelf  an  old  man,  in  his 
Latin  epiftle  addrefled  to  Gerarde,  1597,  and 
prefixed  to  his  Herbal. 

CAROLUS  CLUSIUS,  ClarifT.  Botani- 
cus  ProfefTor  honor.  4/^.  In  "  Athen.  Bat." 
^here  is  a  neat  print  of  him  in  Boijard, 

Charles  Clufius,  a  native  of  Arras,  who  ranks 
in  the  firft  clafs  of  botanifts,  purfued  his  fa- 
vourite ftudy  with  all  that  ardour  which  is  ne- 
ceflary  to  a  conqueror  of  the  vegetable  kingdom, 
and  without  a  degree  of  which,  no  man  ever 
rofe  to  eminence  in  any  arc,  fcience  or  profef- 
iion  *.  He,  with  a  principal  view  to  botany, 
travelled  over  France,  Spain,  Portugal,  Germa- 
ny, Hungary,  England,  and  Holland  f,  where 
he  at  length  fettled,  in  confequence  of  an  ho- 

*  It  was  this  paflion  that  caiiftd  Tom  nefort  to  brave  the  dan- 
gers of  the  •'  great  deep,"  to  fcale  mountains,  penetrate  caverns, 
and  traverfe  defertsj.  It  carried  our  countryman  Ray  through 
mo(t  parts  of  Europe  ;  improved  his  health,  chcared  and  prolong- 
ed his  life,  and  amply  rewarded  him  for  his  labours,  by  the  mere 
pleafureof  the  purfuit.  It  made  Lifter  incomparably  more  happy 
under  a  hedge  in  Languedoc,  than  when  he  favv  the  romantic 
beauties  of  Verlailles  though  recommended  by  all  the  charms  of 
novelty  §. 

-j-  Jfagogue  in  Rem  herbariam,  p.  41. 

X  See  his  "  Travels."  §  "  Journey  to  Paris,"  p.  3. 

Vol.  I.  X  nourablc 


3o6  The    HISTORY  Eliz; 

nourable  invitation  from  the  curators  of  the 
iiniverfity  of  Ltyden.  He  died  in  1609,  aged 
eighty-four  years.  Tournefort,  who  has  given 
the  beft  account  of  him,  informs  us,  that  ht 
was  chief  gardener  to  the  emperors  Maximilian 
II.  and  Rodolph  his  fon,  and  that  he  excelled 
all  his  predecefTors  in  botany,  and  was  alfo  well 
verfed  in  hifiory  and  cofmography,  and  mafter 
of  eight  languages.  He  occafionally  delineated 
the  figures  of  plants  with  great  readinefs.  His 
botanic  works  are  in  two  volumes ;  the  firft 
contains  1133  figures  of  plants,  the  fccond  con- 
fifts  chiefiy  of  frui:s  and  animals. 

O  R  L  A.N  D  U  S  L  A  S  S  U  S,  &c.  In  Boijfard^ 
fmall  \to. 

Orlandus  LafTus,  who,  when  a  boy,  was  fe- 
yeral  times  fpirited  away  from  his  parents  for 
the  excellence  of  his  voice,  was  chief  mufician 
to  Albert  and  William,  fucceflively  dukes  of 
Bavaria.  He  was,  for  his  great  mufical  talents, 
ennobled  by  the  emperor  Maximilian  II.  who 
equally  admired  his  finging  and  his  com.pofitions, 
in  both  which  he  was  without  a  rival.  He  tra- 
velled into  France  and  England,  and  died  at 
Monaco,  in  Italy,  in  1585.  If  he  had  travelled 
over  every  nation  in  Europe,  he  would  probably 
have  found,  that  both  his  facred  and  profane 
pieces  were  performed  in  all  its  languages. 


A  M  E^ 


Class  L  c  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  307 


JAMES   I.   began  his  Reign  the  24th  of 
March,  1602-3. 

C  I.  A  S  S    I. 

The  R  O  YA  L  FAMILY. 

JACOBUS  I.  &c.    Vandyck  p.  ah  originali • 
minuta  *,  fa8a  per  Fra.  Hilyardy  16 17.     Smith  f. 
1721  j  h.Jh,  mezz. 

Jacobus  I.  &c.  A  copy  of  the  above  print,  by 
Faber  -,  h.  Jh.  mezz. 

Jacobus,  &c.  From  a  painting  of  Vandyck ; 
Vertue  fc.  %vo» 

At  Hampton-Court  are  whole  length  por- 
traits of  James  I.  the  queen  of  Bohemia,  and 
prince  Henry,  by  Vandyck,  from  originals  done 
in  this  reign.     The  laft  has  great  merit. 

James  I.  &c.  Van  Somer  p.  Vertue  fc.  From  an 
original  at  Hampton-Court.  Engraved  for  RapirHs 
*'  Fliflory  i"  foL 

Jacobus,  &c.    Van  Somer  p.  h.  fh.  mezz. 

Jacobus,  &c.  Cornelius  Johnfon  {Janfen)  p.  R, 
white  fc.  i6g(i',  fh. 

Jacobus,  &c.  Cornelius  Johnfon  p.  J.  Faber  f, 
4^to.  mezz. 

"  James  the  firfl:  of  England,  and  fext  of 
"  Scotland,  a  gude,  godlie,  and  learned  prince, 
"  fucceeded  to  his  mother,  in  the  yeire  of  the 
"  warld  5537,  yeire  of  Chrift  1567:  and  nove 
"  (now)  to  his  coulinge  of  bleffed  memorie, 
*'  Elifabeth,   laic    quaine   of  England,    in   the 

•  Sir  Ant.  Weklon  informs  us,  that  James  could  not  be  per- 
fuaded  to  fit  for  his  picture.  "  Court  and  Character  of  K.  James," 
P«  177- 

X  z  yeire 


308  The    HISTORY        James  I. 

yelre  of  the  warlde,  5563,  in  the  yeire  of 
Chrift,  1603.  He  married  Anna  daughter 
CO  Frederik  II.  king  of  Denmarke,  &c.  and 
Sophia.  Ulricus  the  duke  of  Mekelburgh  his 
only  caaghter:  quha  (who)  has  borne  unto 
him  alreadic,  Hen^ie  Frederik  the  prince, 
thei9of  Febr.  1593;  Elizabeth,  r9thAugufr, 
1596;  Margaret,  24  Deceiiib.  1598  ;  Charles 
duke  of  Rofay  "^,  19  Novemb.  1600  :  and  he 
is  now  prefenthe  k'ng  of  England,  Scotland, 
France,  and  Ireland;  and  this  yeir,  1603,  is 
the  firft  of  his  reigne  in  England,  &c.  and 
the  37  yeir  of  his  reign  in  Scotland."  One 
of  the  Jet  of  StuartSi  before  defcribed-,  ^to. 

Jacobus  VI.  &c.   A^.  1603,  Mi.  37;  P.  de^ 

Judeis  (de  Jode)  Antverp.  fc.  ^io. 

Jacobus,  &c.  y^/.  38,  1604;  Crifpin  van  de 
Pafs  exc.  Colonic,  ^vo.  In  a  fquare  frame ^  fupport- 
ed  by  a  lion  and  gnffon. —  The  latier  belonged  to 
queen  Elizabeth's  arms,  and  was  placed  here  by 
miftakc 

James  I.  on  horfeback;  F.  Dalaramfc,  View  of 
London  h.jh. 

Jacobus,  &c,  K  D.  {Francis  Dehiram)fc.  i6ig  j 
^to. 

James  I.  crowned  and  fitting  %  a  fword  in  his 
right  hand,  a  death"* s  head  in  his  left^  which  reffs  on 
his  knee.  Before  him  Jlands  prince  Henry,  whofe  left 
hand  is  upon  a  death's  head  on  a  table ;  W*  Faffaus 
fc,  1621. 

James  I.  infcribed  Solomon-,  by  which  appella- 
tion, and  that  of  the  Platonic  king,  he  was  fome- 
times  diftinguifhed.    The  portrait  is  in  the  title  to 


*  The  firft  duke  of  Rothfay  was  the  eldeft  fon  of  Robert  III. 
who  was  before  earl  of  Carrick  and  Atholo 


lifhop 


Class  T.        o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  ^og 

lijkop  Carle  ton's  "  Thankful  rewemhrance  of  God's 
*'  Aiercy  ;"  4/0.  and  engraved  by  Wm.  Pafs. 

James  I.  S.  Pajfdus  fc.  fit  ting  \  whole  length  % 
h.fh. 

Jacobus  &c.  S.  Paffi^us  deiin,  et  fc,  ^to» 

Jacobus  et  Anna,  &c.  Johan.  PFierix  f.  whole 
length s\  h.fh, 

Giacomo  re  della  Gran  Bretagna  A.  B.  (Bloom) 

James  I.  ft  ting  in  a  chatr  ;  Vaughn  fc.  /^.to. 

James  I.  hat  and  feather  ;  gloves  in  his  handy 
Stent  *  ;  h.  Po. 

Jacobus,  &c.  a  fword  in  his  right  hand,  and  A 
globe  in  his  left ;  Stent ;  /\.to. 

Jacobus  &c.  Pet.  Ifelb.  exe.  4to. 

James  I.  oval  underneath,  ^^  Mars  Puer"  ^c,' 
fmall. 

James  I.  four  Ettglifh  verfes : — ^^  View  here  the 
**  effigies  of  a  -prudent  king^^  Qc.  12. 

James  I.  holding  a  fword  and  globe,  which  he  rejls 
en  a  cufhion  ;  &^to. 

Jacobus  &c.  in  armour,  over  which  is  an  er- 
fnined  robe  ^  battle  at  a  diftance  ;  /\to. 

James  I.  together  with  king  David,  fupporting  the 
Book  of  Pfalms  \  neat  whole  lengths,  in  Marfhafs 
heft  manner,  \imo.  Front ifpiece  to  the  King^s  Tranf" 
iation  of  the  Pfalms. 

It  is  obvious  to  remark  here,  that  James  was 

farcaftically  called  Solomon,  the  fon  of  David, 

by  Henry  IV.  of  France. 

James  I.  and  his  queen :  the  king  is  in  armour, 
the  queen  in  a  ruff  and  farthingale  y  very  neatly  engrav' 
ed;  whole  lengths;  h.fh. 

Jacobus  et  Anna,  &c.  Elfiracke  fc.  neat:  in 
the  engraved  title  to  «'  Bafologia,"  afet  of  our  kings 
^ublifhed  by  Holland,  161 8. 

•  Stent  was  a  printfeller,  and  a  copper-plate  printer,  as  the  word 
excudit  on  his  prints  intimates. 

X  3  Jacobus 


310  The   HISTORY       James?. 

Jacob  us  et  Anna,  &c.  'whole  lengths^  tinder  two 
crcbes,  with  a  genealogy  of  their  family. 

Jacobus  et  Anna  -,  near  "jihole  lengths  ^  a  helmet 
en  the  ground  •■,  eight  Latin  verfes;  h.fj. 

James  I.  and  his  Ibn  prince  Henry  j  with  the 
genealogy  of  the  Smarts  at  the  top ;  h.  fh. 

James  I.  and  his  fon  prince  Henry,  on  horfe- 
hack  \  the  horfes  richly  caparifoned ;  fh,  fcarce. 

James  \.  fitting,  crowned,  holding  a  fword  and 
globe.  Prince  Charles  flands  before  him,  with  a  fea- 
ther in  his  left  hand.  Englifh  verfis  at  hi  torn  5  1 62  :♦ 
I'F.  Pas  fguravit  &  fc.  fine. 

Jacobus,  &c.  Smith  f,  ^to.  mezz. 

Jacobus,  &c.  Simon  f.  h.fh.  mezz, 

Jacoi^us,  &c.  Pelbam  f.  mezz. 

Jacobus,  &c.    M.  Vandergucht  fc.  8^'► 

Jaq.ues  premier,  &c.   P.  a  Giinfl.fc.  h.fh. 

Jacobus,  &c.  P.  a  Gunfl.fc.  laige  h.fh, 

HISTORICAL    PRINTS. 

JAMES  I,  Joining  the  hands  of  the  kings  of 
Sweden  and  Demnark  j  a  wooden  print.  In  the  title  ta 
the  "  Joyful  Peace  concluded  between  the  king  of  Den- 
*'  mark,  and  the  King  of  Sweden,  by  means  of  James," 
i^c.    1613.^ 

James  I.  fitting  in  parliainent -,.  Eljlracke  fc.  In 
*'  -Time's  Store- hcufe;"*  fol.  1619. 

James  I,  fitting  in  parliament;  Coekfan  fc. 

James  \.  fiitting  in  parliament',  lord  Bacon,  the 
chancellor,  fianding  on  his  right  hand,  and  Henry  Mon- 
tague, lord-  treafurer,  on  his  left ;  beneath  the  latter 
fills  prince  Charles,  The  portrait  in  the  herald's  coat 
is  Sir  Wm»  Scgar :  above  are  the  king*s  arms,  and 
the  arms  of  the  Englifh  and  Scottifl:  nobility  j  large  fli. 


This 


Class t       of    ENGLAND.  311 

This  curious  print,  which  is  without  the  en- 
graver's name,  is  in  the  coileflion  of  Jofeph 
Gulfton,  efq. 

The  apotheofis  of  James  I.  It  is  in  the  cieling 
of  the  Banqueting  Houfe  at  PFhitehall,  and  is  engrav- 
ed in  three  JJoeets  by  Gribelin,  after  Rubens. 

The  love  of  peace  feems  to  have  been  the 
ruling  paffion  in  James  I.  ^  To  this  he  facrificed 
almoft  every  principle  of  found  policy.  He  was 
eminently  learned,,  efpecially  in  divinity ;  and 
^yas  better  qualified  to  fill  a  profeffor's  chair, 
than  a  throne.  His  fpeculative  notions  of  re- 
gal power  were  as  abfolute  as  thofe  of  an  eaft- 
trn  monarch ;  but  he  wanted  that  vigour  and 
iirmnefs  of  mind  which  was  neceffary  to  reduce 
them  to  pradlice.    His  confcioufnefs  of  his  own 

*  He  is  faid  to  have  been  painted  abroad  with  a  fcabbard 
without  a  fword,  and  with  a  fword  which  no  body  could 
draw,  though  feveral  were  pulling  at  itf.  Sir  Kenelm  Digby 
imputes  the  ftrong  averfion  James  had  to  a  drawn  fword  to 
the  fright  his  mother  was  in,  during  her  pregnancy,  at  the 
iight  of  the  fwords  with  which  David  Rizzio,  her  fecretary, 
was  aflaflinated  in  her  prefence,  "  Hence  it  came,"  fays  this 
author,  "  that  her  fon,  king  James,  had  fuch  an  averfion,  all 
*'  his  life-time,  to  a  naked  fword  ;  t!iat  he  could  not  fee  one  with- 
*•  out  a  great  emotion  of  the  fpirits,  although  otherwife  coura- 
"  geous  enough  ;  yet  he  could  not  over-mafter  his  paffions  in 
*' this  particular.  I  remember,  when  he  dubbed  me  knight, 
«♦  in  the  ceremony  of  putting  the  point  of  a  naked  fword  upon 
"  my  flioulder,  he  could  not  endure  to  look  upon  it,  but  turned 
*'  his  face  another  way  ;  infomuch  that,  in  lieu  of  touching  my 
♦'  flioulder,  he  had  almoft  thruft  the  point  into  my  eyes,  had  not 
*•  the  duke  of  Buckingham  guided  his  hand  aright  J."  I  ihall  only 
add  to  what  fir  Kenelm  has  obferved,  that  James  difcovered  fo 
many  marks  of  pufiUanimity,  when  the  fword  was  at  a  diftance 
from  him,  that  it  is  neediefs,  in  this  cafe,  to  alledge  that  an  im- 
preffion  was  made  upon  his  tender  frame  before  he  faw  the  light. 
Sir  Kenelm  might  as  well  have  told  us,  that  it  was  owing  to  as 
early  a  fympathetic  impreffion  that  tiiis  prince  was  fo  great  an 
admirer  of  handfome  men.  Sir  Anthony  Weldon  fays,  that 
**  he  naturally  loved  not  the  light  of  a  foldier,  nor  any  valiant 
*'  man." 

+  Wilfon's  *'  Life  of  James  T." 

j  Digby'9  '*  Difcourfe  of  ihe  Power  of  Symoathy,"  p.  104,    105.  edit. 

X  4  weak- 


312  The   HISTORY        James  1; 

weaknefs  in  the  exertion  of  his  prerogative, 
drew  from  him  this  confeflion  :  "  That  though 
"  a  king  in  abJlra5lo,  had  all  power,  a  king  in 
•*  £oncreto,  was  bound  to  obferve  the  laws  of 
«'  the  country  which  he  governed."  But  if  all 
reftraints  on  his  prerogative  had  been  taken  off, 
and  he  could  have  been  in  reality,  that  abftra6t- 
ed  king  which  he  had  formed  in  his  imagina- 
tion, he  poiTefTed  too  mueh  good-nature  to  have 
been  a  tyrant.     See  Clafs  IX. 

ANNE  of  Denmark,  queen  of  king  James  I. 
C.Johnfonp.   At  Somerfet  Houfe-,  lllujh  Head. 

"  Anna  daughter  to  that  nobil  prince  of 
'*  worth ie  mernorie,  Frederik  the  II.  king  of 
*'  Denmark,  &c.  marijt  unto  James  the  Text, 
*'  in  the  yeir  of  Chrift  1590-,  who  hath  born 
*'  unto  him  alreadie  fyve  children  befoir  men- 
*'  tioned.  The  Lord  in  mercie  indevv  thame 
"  and  their  pofterities,  with  fick  meafure  of 
"  his  grace,  that  not  onlie  the  kirk  of  Chrift, 
*'  in  thair  dominions,  but  alfo  in  whole  Europe, 
*'  may  find  a  blefiinge  in  their  happie  govern- 
"  ment :  Amen." 

Anna,  Frederici  II.  Danorum  Regis  Filia^ 
Jacobi  VI.  Scotorum,  Anglorum  primi  elcdi  Re- 
gis uxor;  ledlifllma  heroina ;  ^to. 

Anna,  &c.  in  a  fq^iiare  fprigged  ruff ;  Crifpin  de 
Pafsf.  160^  •,  ^vo. 

Anne,  &c.  Simon  Paffaiis  fc.  On  horfeback-y 
viezv  cf  IFindfor  Cajile  ;  h.  jh. 

Anna,  &c.  S.  Paffaus  Jc.   1617;  4.to. 

Anna,  &c.  S.  P.  fe.  A  crown  over  her  head; 
Jewels  in  her  hair. 

This  print,  which  is  a  fmall  oval,  is  from  a 
fiiver  plate  in  the  Aflimolean  JNiufcum.    A  few 

proofs 


Class  I.      of  ENGLAND. 

proofs  only  were  wrought  off,  by  order  of  the 
reverend  Mr.  Hiiddesford,  the  late  worthy 
keeper,  which  he  prefented  to  his  friends. 

Anna,  &c.  a  wooden  print',  her  name  is  in  a 
fem'i circle  above  the  head  %   12 mo. 

Anna,  Frederici  Danorum  regis  filia,  &c.  4/(7.' 

Ann  of  Denmark,  &c.    Stent  \h.Jh. 

Anne  of  Denmark,  richly  drejfed.  Sold  by  V/il- 
liam  Sherwin^  mez.  h.  Jh. 

Anne   of  Denmark;  a  monumental  effigy,  lying 

en  a  tomb,  in  her  royal  robes :  her  head  refls  on  a 

fquare  jione,  inftribed  "  Jacobs  Stone"  alluding  to 

his  dream  of  the  ladder ;  various  emblems ;  curious. 

At  St.  John's  College,  in  Cambridge,  in  the 

mailer's  lodge,  is  a  portrait  of  her,   with  the 

hair  in   much  the  fame  form  as  it  was  worn  in 

the  year  1770. 

Though  the  portrait  of  Anne  of  Denmark  be 
among  the  heads  of  illuftrious  perfons,  fhe  was 
only  illuftrious  as  (he  was  a  queen.  There  was 
nothing  above  mediocrity  in  any  circumftance 
of  her  character.     Ob.  1  Mar.  1618-19: 

HENRY,  prince  of  Wales,  eldeft  fon  of  king 
James  I.  G.  Vertiie  fc.  From  a  curious  limning  by 
Jfaac  Oliver,  in  the  coUe^ion  of  R.  Mead,  M.  D. 

Henry,  prince  of  Wales  •,  J.  Oliver  p.  J,  Hou- 
hraken  fc.  In  the  colle5iion  of  Dr.  Mead ;  llluft. 
Head. 

Henricus  princeps  -,  C.Johnfonp.  Grihelinfc. 

Prince  Henry;  Elfiracke  fc.  whole  length;  hat 
and  feather  on  a  table  by  him  -,  ^to. 

Henricus  princeps;  Crifpin  van  de  Pafs  exc, 
^vo. 

Henricus  princeps,  zvith  his  genealogy -,  afnall 
head',  Crifpin  Pafs  fc. 

Hen- 


313 


314  The    HISTORY        JamesI; 

Henricus  princeps,  in  armour^  exerci/tng  with 
a  lance ;  a  whole  length  ;  S.  Pajfeus  fc,  1612;  ho 
jh.  the  original  print. 

Henricus  princeps,  exercifing  with  a  lance,  W. 
Tlok  fc.  copied  from  Pafs :  there  is  another  copy  in 
the  "  Heroolcgia  ^  ;"  b'^'o.  ajid  a  third  in  ^io. 

Ke  was  employed  in  this  exercife,  when  the 
French  ambafiador  came  to  take  his  leave  of 
him,  and  afked  him  if  he  had  any  commands 
to  France :  "  Tell  your  mafter,  faid  the  prince, 
*'  how  you  left  me  engaged.'* 

Henricus   princeps    Walliae;    iz  heady   in   the 

"  Heroologia  \  Svo. 

Henry,  prince,   &:c.     Sold  in  Lombard  Street, 

hy  Henry  Balaam  ;   ^to. 

Henry,  prince,  &c.  in  a  cloak  and  trunk  breeches : 

fold  in  Pope's  Head  Alhy  \  h.  fo.  fcarce. 
Henricus  princeps;  F.  Delaram [c^to. 
Henricus  princeps ;  C.  Boel.  f,  P.  de  Jode  eac, 

cval;  ornarMnts\  h.fi. 

Prince  Henry;  Hole  fc.  whole  length. 
Henricus  princeps:  Pa  the  fame  pla  fe  with  the 

three  other  princes  who  died  young ;  namely,  Edward 

VI.  Henry,  duke  of  Gloucefier^  brother  to  Charles  II, 

and  JVm.  duke  of  Gloucejier,  fon  of  the  prince  and 

princefs  of  Denmark ',  h.Jh.mezz. 

Prince  Flenry's  portrait,  by  Van  Somer,  is  at 
Hampton-Court. 

Arras,  literature,  and  bufinefs,  engaged  the 
attention  of  this  excellent  young  prince,  who 
leems  to  have  had  neither  leifure  nor  inclination 
for  the  purfuits  of  vice  or  pleafure.  The  dig- 
nity of  his  behaviour,  and  his  manly  virtues, 

•  Hugh  Holland,  a  ftationer  in  London,  was  author  of  the  ^' He- 
*•  roolugia."  The  portraits  in  it,  which  are  genuine  and  neatly 
executed,  were  engraved  in  this  reign,  by  Crifpin  Pafs,  and  hi» 
filter  iVIagdalen.  See  the  commendatory  verles  before  the  book, 
which  is  a  fmali  folio. 

were 


Class  I;         of    ENGLAND.  315 

were  refpeded  by  every  rank  and  order  of  men. 
Though  he  was  fnatched  away  in  the  early  prime 
of  life,  he  had  the  felicity  to  die  in  the  height 
of  his  popularity  and  fame,  and  before  he  had 
experienced  any  of  the  miferies  which  awaited 
the  royal  family.  It  is  remarkable  that  the 
king,  who  thought  himfelf  eclipfed  by  the 
fplendor  of  his  charafter,  ordered  that  no 
mourning  fhould  be  worn  for  him  *.  Ob.  6, 
Nov.  1 61 2,  ^t.  18. 

CHARLES,  prince  of  Wales ;  R.  E.  {Renold 
Eljiracke)  fc.  whole  length ;  in  armour ;  ^vo, 

Carolus  princeps,  &c.  Fr.  Delaram  fc.  on 
horfeback ;  Richmond  at  a  difiance ;  h.  Jh. 

Charles  prince  of  Wales ;  F.  Delaram  fc. 
/^to. 

Carolus  princeps;  Crifp,  de  Pafs  exc.  4.10 

Carolus  princeps;  four  Latin  verfes\  Crifptt 
de  Pafs  fc.  ^vo. 

Charles  prince,  &c.  Will  Pafs  fc.  At  the  bot- 
tom are  twofoldiers  frefenting  their  mufkets ;  ^to.  \ 

Carolus  princeps;  Sim.  Pafs  f.  iimo.  Over 
the  dedication  of  James,  the  firjl's  Works  in  Latin^ 
tranflated  by  bijhop  Montague. 

*  So  fays  Rapin ;  but  when  the  pnncefs  Elizabeth  "  was  ef- 
*'  poufed  to  the  count  Palatine  of  the  Rhine,  which  was  a  few 
"  weeks  after  the  death  of  prince  Henry,  (lie  appeared  in  a  black, 
"  velvet  gown,  which,  Mr.  Anftis  doubts  not,  was  worn  as 
*'  mourning  for  prince  Henry.  On  the  fourteenth  of  February 
*'  following  at  her  wedding,  the  king  was  in  a  moft  fumptuous 
"  black  fuit,  which,  Mr.  Anllis,  fuppofes,  was  worn  as  mourn- 
"  ing  for  the  prince."  See  Mifcellaneous  Pieces  at  the  end  of 
the  fecond  edition  of  Leland's  "  ColleBanea,^''  vol.  v.  p.  330.  334, 
and  compare  the  palTages  with  Neal's  "  Hiftory  of  the  Puritans," 
ii.  p.  loi.  In  Birch's  "  Hiltorical  Viev/ of  the  Negotiations  be- 
«*  tween  England,  France,  and  Bruflels,"  p.  217,  it  is  faid  that 
James  "  would  not  fuffer  his  fubjefts  to  wear  mourning  for  the 
deceafed  queen."  Hence,  poffibly,  a  miftake  might  arii'e  with 
regard  to  prince  Henry. 

1 1  have  feen  thefe  figures  in  a  border  which  was  engraved 
on  a  diltinft  plate,  and  aliixed  to  feveral  prints. 

Another 


3i5  The    HISTORY      James.  I. 

Another,  hy  the  fame  hand^  %vo ;  ajid  a  thirds  in 
the  robes  of  the  Garter,  6^1  o. 

Carolus  Prince  de  Galles;  ten  French  verfes, 
^to.  uncommon. 

Prince  Charles  and  the  Infanta:  Chrijt  joining 
their  hands^  4to,  This  has  been  mijiaken  for  the 
Prince  and  Henrietta  Maria. 

Prince  Charles,  and  "  Maria  Henrietta*,  with 
the  arms  and  marriages  pafi  betwixt  England  and 
Francs 'i'  fh. 

This  prince,  though  pofTeiTed  of  many  excel- 
lent qualities,  was  never  fo  popular  as  his  bro- 
ther. The  king  continued  to  call  him  "  Baby- 
Charles,"  from  his  infancy,  even  to  the  time  of 
the  marriage  treaty  with  France.  In  1623, 
Charles,  with  more  than  Spanifh  gallantry,  but 
lefs  than  Spanifh  prudence,  went  to  Madrid  to 
vifit  the  infanta  -f.  Howel,  in  his  "  Letters,'*' 
and  Wllfon,  in  his  "  Life  of  James  I."  have 
given  us  an  account  of  the  prince's  journey  to 
Spain,  of  the  tedious  and  tantalizing  formali- 
ties during  the  courfe  of  the  treaty  ;  of  the  in- 
terview betwixt  thefe  two  great  perfonages; 
and  feveral  other  curious  and  interefling  par- 
ticulars, in  relation  to  that  romantic  and  myfte- 
rious  affair. 

ELIZABETH,  daughter  to  king  James  5 
eight  Latin,  and  as  many  Englip  verfes,  by  John  Da- 
vies,  fold  by  John  Bofivell  \  floeet ;  fcarce. 

The  lady  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  James  I. 
Delaram  fc.  ^to, 

Elizabeths,  Regina  Bohemia  j  Crifpin  Pafs 
fc.  ^vo.four  Latin  verfes. 

♦  See  Orig. 

t  Siller  ot  Philip  IV.    There  are  three  prints  of  this  prineefs 
one  by  Cii/pin  Fafs,  and  two  by  Simon. 

Elisa- 


Class  I.        of   ENGLAND.  317 

Elisabeth  A,  &c.  Crifpinus  Paffkus^  Junior, 
fc,  h.JIo. 

Elisabetha,  &c.  large  ruff,  feather  in  her  hmr, 
h.Jh.  uncommon.  ^ 

Elisabetha,  Src.  on  horfeback,  the  horfe  richly 
caparifoned^  h.  JJj.  jcarce. 

Elisabetha,  &c.  Crifp.  ^tehorinus  fc.  1662, 
Bvo. 

The  Princefs  Elisabetha,  Queen  of  Bohemia, 
a  book  in  her  left  hand:  fold  by  J  Balaam,  large 
h.fh. 

Elizabeth,  princefs  Palatine,  with  a  Latin  de- 
dication  to  James  I.  Mireveldius  *  p.  Boethius  BoU 
fuerdus  fc.  1 6 1 5  -,  7^.  fine. 

Elizabeth  reine  de  Boheme  j  Vander  Werff p, 
P.  a  Gunjl Jc.  h.Jh, 

Elizabeth,  queen  of  Bohemia;  Faber  f.  4^toi 
See  the  next  reign. 

At  Combe  Abbey,  in  Warwickfliire,  the 
feat  of  lord  Craven,  are  the  portraits  of  the 
queen  of  Bohemia,  and  all  her  children. 

This  amiable  princefs,  who  faw  only  a  phan- 
tom of  royalty,  and  had  nothing  more  than 
the  empty  title  of  queen,  bore  her  misfortunes 
with  decency,  and  even  magnanimity.  So  en- 
gaging was  her  behaviour,  that  fhe  was,  in  the 
Low  Countries,  called  the  "  Queen  of  Hearts.'* 
When  her  fortunes  were  at  the  lowed  ebb, 
fhe  never  departed  from  her  dignity ;  and  po- 
verty and  dilirefs  •\  feemed  to  have  no  other 

•  Or  Miereveldius. 

f  Poverty,  efpecially  in  great  perfonages,  and  great  characters, 
has  ever  been  an  objeft  of  ridicule,  to  men  of  vulgar  under- 
ftandings.  Arthur  'Wilfon  tells  us,  that  "  in  Antwerp,  they  pic- 
••  tared  the  queen  of  Bohemia  like  a  poor  Infli  inantler,  with 
«'  her  hair  hanging  about  her  ears,  and  htr  child  at  her  backj 
<•  with  the  king  her  father  carrying  the  cradle  after  her." 

effecl: 


o 


i8  TheHISTORY       James  I. 

effeft  upon  her,  but  to  render  her  more  an  ob- 
je<5t  of  admiration  than  (he  was  before. 

CHARLES,  fecond  fon  of  the  ekaor  Pa-^ 

latine;  an  infant-,  fold  by  Jenner-,  fmall  ^to.     See 
the  next  reign,  Clafs  I. 

Princeps  RUPERTUS,  a  child,  in  an  ovaly 
encompaffcd  with  fcrolls  ;   4/^. 

Prince  Rupert,  or  Robert,  a  child,  with  a 
jewel  at  his  bnajl ;  oval ;  4/(7. 

ELIZABETH,  princefla  Palatina,  filia  re- 
gis Bohemise;  a  child;  the  four  feafons  in  the  orna- 
ments J  fmall  h.  fh. 

That  pregnancy  of  genius,  by  which  the 
princefs  Elizabeth  was  fo  eminently  diftinguifii- 
ed,  was  confpicuous  at  this  early  period  of  her 
life.  She  was  one  of  the  moft  extraordinary 
children,  as  (lie  was  afterwards  one  of  the  moft: 
illuftrious  women  of  her  age.  See  the  nexc 
reign. 

FAMILY   PIECES 

JAMES  I.  his  queen,  and  prince  Henry ;  a 
fmall  oval,  two  inches  4,  by  one  inch  -J :  from  afilver 
"plate  in  the  Afhmolean  Mufeum.  It  was  engraved  by 
one  of  the  family  of  Pafs,  probably  by  Simon,  But 
few  proofs  have  been  taken  from  this  curious 
plate. 

Progenies  Jacobi  et  Ann^,  R.  R.  Mag.  Brit. 
viz.  Henricus,  Carolus^  Elizabetha,  Maria,  ^  So- 
phia. In  eadan  tabula,  progenies  R.  R.  Bohemia, 
I.  Frederick;  2,  Carolus;  3.  Eliza  bet  ha;  4.  Rober- 
tus'^;    5.    Mauritius;   6,  Lovifa    Hollandina;    7. 

•  "  He  was  named  Rupert,  in  memory  of  Rupert  the  firft  em- 

<«  peror  of  the  Palatines.     Camden. 

Ludovicus. 


Class  I.  o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D;  31^ 

Ludovkus,     Will.  FaJJ'aus  fc.   1621;  large  h.  JIj, 
jfcarce* 

In  the  family  of  James  I.  there  is  no  por- 
trait of  Robert,  the  king's  fecond  fon,  nor  any 
of  the  princefs  Margaret,  who  died  before  Mary 
and  Sophia.  Thefe  two  laft  princefles  are  re- 
prefented  very  young,  leaning  on  death's  heads, 
with  palms  in  their  hands.  k  is  probable 
that  there  were  no  originals  of  the  other  two, 
to  engrave  from. 

The  progenie  of  the  renowned  prince  James, 
&c.  This  print,  which  is  fimilar  to  the  next  above, 
was  engraved  by  George  Mountaine. 

James  I.  and  his  Family,  in  a  fqtiare^  within  a 
pyramidal  triangle^  fupported  by  Chrifi  ;  **  Vox  Dei" 
at  the  top  ',  in  the  manner  of  Pafs  ;  4/0.  It  appears 
to  be  a  companion  to  the  next,  engraved  in  the  fame 
manner. 

James  I.  on  his  throne.^  Prince  Charles  prefaiting 
the  King  and  ^een  of  Bohemia,  in  parliament  to  his 
father;  the  people  at  the  bottom^  holding  cut  theif 
hands  and  hearts  ;  "  Vox  Regis"  at  the  top, 

James  I.  and  his  Family,  kneeling  at  the  top  of 
a  triumphal  arch;  Giiy  Fawks,  &^c,  below,  in  the 
manner  of  Simon  Pafs  ;  fh.  'This  curious  print  was 
done  in  commemoration  of  the  deliverance  foom  the 
powder-plot. 

As  I  (hall  have  occafion  hereafter  to  make 
particular  mention  of  the  Palatine  family,  I  (hall 
only  obferve  here,  that  Frederic,  the  eldeft  fori 
of  the  king  of  Bohemia,  returning  with  his  fa- 
ther from  Amfterdam  to  Utrecht,  in  the  com- 
mon paflTage-boat,  the  vefTel  overlet,  in  a  thick 
fog,  and  the  prince,  clinging  to  the  maft,  was 
entangled  in  the  tackling,  and  half  drowned, 
and  half  frozen  to  death.  The  king,  with  fome 
difficulty  faved  his  life  by  fwimming. 

James 


320  The   HISTORY       James  I. 

f  AMES  I.  fitting ;  -prince  Charles  and  his  ftjler 
Jlanding ;  nobles,  ^^c. 

The  king  and  queen  of  Bohemia,  and  four  only 
of  their  children  ;  fFill.  Pafs  fecit,  ad  vivumfigu- 
rat  or-,  1621.  'This,  and  the  other  family-piece ,  by 
Pafs,  have  verfes  at  bottom. 

The  King  and  Queen  of  Bohemia  *,  zvith  eight 
children;  feven  only  are  named',  twelve  Englifk 
verfes ;  Vatighan  fc*  /^to. 

CLASS    11. 

Great  OFFICERS  of  STATE,  and  of  the 
HOUSEHOLD. 

THOMAS  EGERTON,  baron  of  El- 
lefmere,  lord  high-chancellor.  See  an  account  of 
him  and  lord  Bacon,  in  the  clafs  of  Lawyers ; 
and  of  the  lord-keeper  Williams^  in  that  of  Cler- 
gymen. 

THOMAS  S  A  C  K  V  I  L  L  E,  earl  of 
Dorfer,  &c.  From  an  original  at  Kncwle,  in  the 
pcffeffwn  of  Lionel  duke  of  Dorfet ;  G.  Vertue  fc, 
liluJL  Head. 

The  earl  of  Dorfet,  who  may  be  ranked  with 
the  firft  men  of  his  age  in  his  literary  and  poli- 
tical chara6ler,  was  an  admirable  manager  of 
his  private  fortune  and  the  public  revenue. 
He  fucceeded,  early  in  life,  to  an  immenfe 
eftate,  which,  as  he  thought,  fet  him  above 
oeconomy  -,  but  in  a  few  years,  by  excefllve 
magnificence  and  difllpation,  he  found  himfelf 
involved  in  debt.    The  indignity  of  being  kept 

•  It  is  worthy  of  remark,  that  Frederic,  eleflor  Palatine,  and 
the  princefs  Elizabeth,  were  alked  by  the  publication  of  banns  in 
the  Chapel  Royal,     Winwood's  "  Memorials,  iii.  p.  431. 

in 


Class  II.        of    ENGLAND.  321 

in  waiting  by  an  aldernian,  of  whom  he  had 
occafion  to  borrow  money,  made  (o  deep  an 
imprellion  upon  him,  that  he  refolved  from  that 
moment  to  be  an  oeconomilt ;  and  managed 
his  fortune  fo  well,  that  he  was  thought  a 
proper  perfon  to  fucceed  lord  Burleigh  in  the  May,  i-, 
office  of  lord  high-treafurer.  He  was  conti-  '^^^' 
nued  in  this  office  by  James  I.  and  on  the  thir- 
teenth of  March,  1603-4,  created  earl  of  Dor- 
fet.     O^.  19  April,   1608.     SeeClafsiX. 

ROBERTCECIL,  earl  of  Salifbury,  &c. 
Sold  by  J.  Hint ;  ^to, 

Robert  Cecil,  comes  Salifburisj  //.  //, 
(Henry  Hondius)  del.  i^  exc.  /\.to. 

RoBERTus  Cecilius,  comes  Sarifburije ;  ^vo. 
In  the  "  HeroologiaJ' 

RoBERTus  Cecilius,  &c.  H.  Stock  fc.  ^to. 

Robert  Cecil,  earl  of  Salifbury;  Illujl.  Head. 

Robert  Cecil  was  youngeft  fon  of  William,  creat.  4, 
lord  Burleigh.  He  was  one  of  the  principal  May,  1605. 
fecretaries  of  ftate  to  queen  Elizabeth,  and  mat- 
ter of  the  court  of  wards.  Upon  the  accefiion 
of  James,  he  was  conilituted  fole  fecretary  of 
ftate;  and  in  the  fixth  year  of  his  reign,  lord-trea- 
lurer.  He  difcharged  his  high  offices  with  great 
abilities;  and  was  indeed,  in  induftry  and  capa- 
city fcarce  inferior  to  his  father;  but  more  art- 
ful, more  infinuating,  and  far  more  infincere. 
King  James  ufcd  to  call  him  his  "LittleBeagle,'* 
alluding  to  the  many  difcoveries  he  made,  of 
which  he  fent  him  intelligence.  Ob.  24  May, 
1612*. 

THO- 

•  He  built  the  magnificent  houfe  at  Hatfield,  where  much  of 
the  old  furniture  is  preferved  which  was  there  in  his  life  time. 
There  may  be  feen  his  portrait,  and  feveral  of  the  IokU 
treafurer,  his  father;  one  of  which  is  in  Mofaic.  There  is  aifo 
a  portrait  of  the  celebrated  Laura,  of  whosii  Petrarch  was  en- 
amoured, infcribed. 

Vol.  jU  Y  «•  Laura 


322 


The    history        James  1. 


THOMAS  HOWARD,  comes  SufFol- 
cise,  &  totius  Angliae  thefaurarius  •,  R.  Eljlracke 
fc.  fmall  ^to. 

Thomas  Howard,  earl  of  Suffolk,  was  fon 
of  Thomas,  fourth  duke  of  Norfolk ;  by   his 
fecond  dutchefs  Margaret,  daughter  and  heir  of 
Thomas  lord  Audley  of  Walden.     He  was  one 
of  the  volunteers  in  the  memorable  engagement 
with  the  Spanifh   arm.ada,  in    1588,  and  after- 
wards in  the  expedition  to   Cadiz  -,    on    both 
which  occafions  he  gave  fignal  proofs   of  his 
courage.     He  was,  foon  after  the  acceflion  of 
cr.  1603.         James,  created  earl  of  Suffolk;  was  afterwards 
conftituted  lord-chamberlain  of  the  houfehold, 
and  in    1614,  lord-treafurer  of  England.     In 
1 619,    he  was  difmiffed  from  his  office,  and 
fined  30,000  1.  for  taking  bribes,  and  embez- 
zling the  king's  treafure ;  crimes  more  imput- 
able to  his  countefs  than  himfelf.      His  ruin 
was,  with  great  probability,  fuppofed  to  be  in- 
volved with  that  of  his  fon-in-law,  the  earl  of 
Somerfet.     Thomas   Howard,  his  fecond  fon, 
was  the  firft  earl  of  Berklhire  of  this  family. 
Ob.  28  May,   1626*. 

Sir  HENRY    MONTAGUE,  one  of  the 
leading  members  of  the  houfe  of  commons  in  this 

"  Laura  fui,  viridem  Raphael  facit  atque  Petrarcha." 
There  is  a  print  of  this  lady  in  Thomafin's  curious  book,  intitled, 
*'  Petrarcha  redivivus." 

•  He  built  the  vaft  ftriiflure  called  Audley  Inn  |,  the  greateft 
part  of  which  is  demoliflied.  There  is  a  fet  of  views  of  this  ftate- 
ly  pahce,  by  Winftanley.  The  prints  are  fcarce,  as  the  plates 
were  engraved  for  one  of  the  defcendants  of  the  lord-treafurer. 
It  is  reiTiatkable  that  forty-nine,  and  fifty  pounds,  were  bid  for 
this  book  of  views,  at  Dr.  Mead's  fale,  by  meffieurs  Bathoe  and 
Ingram,  bookfeliers  in  London,  who  received  unlimited  com- 
TTiiirions  from  Mr.  Walpole,  and  the  late  Mr.  Barrett  of  Kent,  to 
buy  it.     The  value  of  the  book  is  four  or  five  guineas. 

What  remains  at  Audley  End  hath  been  improved,  with  much 
talte,  by  Sir  John  Griffin. 

il  Or  Audley  End. 

reign. 


Class II.        of    ENGLAND.  323 

reign,  and  lord  chief-juftice  of  the  King's  Bench, 
was,  by  the  intereft  of  the  countefs  of  Bucking- 
ham, mother  to  the  duke,  made  lord-treafurer.  '^  jac.  t. 
His  ftafF,  which  he  was  forced  to  refign  in  lefs 
than  a  year,  is  faid  to  have  coft  him  20,000  J. 
He  was  fucceeded  by  the  earl  of  Middlefex,  who 
was  foon  fucceeded  by  others.  The  laft  men- 
tioned peer  faid  to  one  of  his  friends,  "  that  the 
"  bell  way  to  prevent  death,  was  to  get  to  be 
''  lord-treafurer,  for  none  died  in  this  office.'* 
The  head  of  Sir  Henry  Montague  is  in  the  clafs 
of  lawyers. 

Sir  JAMES  LEY,  lord-treafurer.  See 
Clafs  VI. 

EDWARD  SOMERSET,  earlof Wor- 
cefter,  &c.  lord  privy-feal ;  S.  Pajfaus  fc,  1618; 
/[to. 

The  earl  of  Worcefter  was  one  of  the  moft  Cr,  1514, 
accomplilhed  gentlemen  in  the  courts  of  queen 
Elizabeth  and  James  I.  In  his  youth,  he  was 
remarkable  for  his  athletic  conftitution,  and 
diftinguilhed  himfelf  by  the  manly  exercifes  of 
riding  and  tilting,  in  which  he  was  perhaps  fu- 
perior  to  any  of  his  contemporaries.  In  the  43d 
of  Eliz.  he  was  appointed  mailer  of  the  hori'c  ; 
which  office  he  refigned  in  the  13th  of  James^ 
and  was  made  lord  privy-feal.  Ob.  3  Mar. 
1627-8.  He  was  anceftor  to  the  prefent  duke 
of  Beaufort. 

HENRY  V  ERE,  earl  of  Oxford,  lord 
high-chamberlain  ;  RV  in  a  cypher;  fold  by  Comp- 
ton  Holland  \  ^to. 

His  portrait  is  at  Welbeck. 

Y  2  The 


324  The    HISTORY         James!. 

The  earl  of  Oxford,  who  had  been  a  diflb- 
lute  and  debauched  young  man,  was,  when  the 
fervour  of  his  youth  abated,  one  of  the  moft 
diftinguifhed  charaders  of  his  time.  He  was 
ever  among  the  foremoft  to  do  his  country  fer- 
vice,  in  the  fenate,  or  the  field  ;  was  one  of  the 
few  among  the  nobility,  who  dared  to  check 
the  prerogative  j  and  could  not  forbear  giving 
vent  to  his  indignation,  when  he  faw  the  king's 
tamenefs  with  refpedl  to  the  Palatinate,  in  fuch 
terms  as  cccafioned  his  being  fent  to  the  Tower. 
,  Though  he   inherited  all  the  martial  ardour  of 

his  family,  he  could  never  exert  it  in  this  reign, 
but  in  attempting  impoflibilities.  He  was  one 
of  the  *'  handful  of  m.en"  who  went  under  Sir 
Horace  Vere,  againft  the  great  army  of  Spi- 
nola  *  -,  and  headed  a  party  of  brave  foldiers 
in  a  delperate  attack  on  the  impregnable  works 
of  that  general,  at  Terheiden ;  in  which  he 
exerted  himftlf  ib  m.uch,  that  it  threw  him  into 
a  fever,  which  foon  put  an  end  to  his  life. 

THOMAS  HOWARD,  earl  of  Arundel, 
earl-marfiial.  See  Ciafs  III.  See  alfo  the  next 
reign. 

CHARLES  H  O  WA  R  D,  earl  of  Notting- 
ham, baron  of  Effingham,  lord  high-ad miral^,  &c.- 
S.  pujfceus  fc.  A^to. 

Thers  is  a  whole  length  of  the  earl  of  Nottingham^ 
in  the  robes  of  the  Garter,  fianding  under  an  arch, 
engraved  by  IVillimn  Rogers,  for  Sir  IVilHarn  Segar's 
**  Hofiotir  civil  and  military ^^  folio. 

His   portrait,    by  Mytens,   is  at   Hampton 
Court. 

*  Tlie  portraits  of  the  chief  of  ibem,  by  Mierevelt,  are  at  lord 
Townilicnd's,  aiKa^iihaiu,  in  NoilolU. 

The 


Class  n.       of    ENGLAND.  325 

The  earl  of  Nottingham,  who  in  the  late 
reign  made  fo  great  a  figure  as  a  fea-officer, 
was,  in  this,  employed  as  an  ambaffador ;  the 
pacific  king  thinking  he  could  do  as  much  by 
negotiation,  as  Elizabeth  did  by  fighting. 
In  his  embaffy  to  Spain,  he  was  attended  by  a 
fplendid  train  of  five  hundred  perfons.  The 
ignorant  Spaniards,  who  had  heard  much  of 
the  Kentilh  long-tails,  and  other  monfters,  in 
this  nation  of  heretics,  were  aftonifhed  when 
he  made  his  public  entry,  not  only  ac  feeing 
the  human  form^  but  at  feeing  it  in  fuperior 
health  and  beauty  to  what  it  appeared  in,  in 
their  own  country  *. 

GEORGE,  earl  of  Buckingham,  &c.  1617; 
Simon  PaJJaus  fc.  L.  Laur.  Lijk  exc.  a  head  in  an 
oval. 

George,  marquis  of  Buckingham,  &c.  Simon 
Pajfaus  fc.     To  the  knees ^  in  an  cval. 

George    Villiers,   duke,  marquis,  and   earl  Promoted 
of  Buckingham  ;  on  borfeback-,  Jhips^  ^c.  alludijg  3°  J^^- 
/<?  lis  office  of  lord  high- admiral  •,  Guil,  Pcjfaus^  h.JId. 

The  duke  of  Buckingham,  by  the  elegance  cr.  duke, 
of  his  perfonf,  and  the  courtlinefs   ot   his   ad- ^^^3' 
drefs,  prefently   gained   as  great  an    al'cendant 
over  James,  as  the  favourite  of  any  other  prince 

*  It  is  obfervable,  that  Monf.  BiifFon  includes  the  feat  of  beauty 
v'ithin  a  certain  latituJe,  fo  as  jull  ro  take  in  all  France,  :\n\  ex- 
clude England.  One  would  imagine,  that  he  formed  his  ideas 
of  the  perfons  of  the  Engliili  from  the  vile  portraits  of  fome  cf 
their  engravers. 

f  It  was  for  his  fine  face  that  the  king  ufually  called  him 
Stenny,  which  is  the  diminutive  of  Stephen.  He,  by  this  appella- 
tion, paid  a  very  fmgular  compliment  to  the  fplendour  of  his  heautj, 
alluding  to  AiSts  vi.  v.  15,  where  it  is  fiiid  of  St.  Stephen,  "  A\ 
"  that  fat  in  the  council  looking  iterlfaftly  on  him,  fiw  Ins  face 
*'  as  it  had  been  the  face  of  an  angel."  Some  of  the  duke's  com- 
pliments and  exprtfTions  of  fervility  to  the  king,  were  r.o  !e(s 
iingiilar  in  their  kind  :  one  of  his  letters  concludes  with,  "  Your 
faithful  Dog  Stennv." 

Y  3  is 


326  The    HISTORY  JamesT; 

is  known  to  have  done,  by  a  long  courfe  of 
affiduity  and  infinuation.  It  is  no  wonder  that 
^n  accumulation  of  honour,  wealth,  and  power, 
upon  a  vain  man,  fuddenly  raifed  from  a  private 
ftation,  fliould  be  fo  invidious  ;  and  efpccially 
as  the  duke  was  as  void  of  prudence  and  mo- 
deration in  the  ufe  of  thefe,  as  the  fond  king 
was  m  beftowing  them.  But  it  muft  be  ac- 
knowledged, that  this  great  man  was  not  with- 
out his  virtues.  He  had  all  the  courage  and 
fincerity  of  a  foldier  :  and  was  one  of  thofe  few 
courtiers  who  were  as  honeft  and  open  in  their 
enmity,  as  military  men  are  in  their  friendfhip. 
He  was  the  laft  reigning  favourite  that  ever  ty- 
rannized in  this  kingdom  *.  See  the  next  reign. 

A  Great  OFFICER  of  SCOTLAND. 

LODOWICK,  duke  of  Richmond,  lord 
great-chamberlain,  and  admiral  of  Scotland,  &c. 
Simon  Pajfaus  fc.  4.I0.     See  the  next  divifion. 

*  There  is  ftill  a  tradlfion  in  Spain,,  that  the  duke  of  Bucking- 
ham, who  had  ever  a  violent  propenfitj'-  to  intrigue,  was  very 
particular  in  his  addrefles  to  the  countefs  of  Olivares,  who  made 
an  ample  difcovery  of  his  gallantry  to  her  hufband.  Upon  which 
it  was  concerted  betwixt  them,  that  the  countefs  ftiould  make 
the  duke  an  aflignation,  and  fubftitute  a  girl  who  had  been  long 
infected  with  an  infamous  diltemper,  in  her  place.  The  afligna- 
tion was  accordingly  made,  and  the  effect  fully  anfwered  their 
expe6tation.  This  ftory,  fuppofmg  it  a  faft,  which  lord  Claren. 
don  will  not  allow,  accounts  for  the  duke's  avowing  the  nioft 
determined  enmity  againft  Olivares,  at  parting  from  him  ;  and 
is  fimilar  to  his  condu6t  in  France,  where  he  had  the  temerity  to 
be  as  particular  in  his  addrefles  to  Anne  of  Auftria,  queen  of 
Lewis  XIII.  Arthur  Wilfon  plainly  hints  at  this  piece  of  (ecret 
liiftoiy,  which  pafTed  current  in  his  time.  See  Wilfon's  Life  of 
Jiunes  L  in  Kennet's  *'  Complete  Hift.'*  vol.  ij.  p.  77  j. 


Great 


Class  11.        of    ENGLAND.  327 

Great  OFFICERS  of  tfie  HOUSEHOLD. 

L  O  D  O  W I C  K,  duke  of  Richmond  and  Le-  Promot.  i 
nox  (or  Lennox),  lord  fteward  of  his  majefty*s  ^'"'  *  '^' 
houfehold  ;    P,   V.  S.  (Paul  van   Somer)  p.  Jo. 
Barra  fc.   1624;  whole  length',  large  h.  Jh.  very 
fcarce  and  fine. 

At  the  earl  of  Pomfret*s,  at  Eafton,  was  a 
portrait  of  him  by  Rubens.  There  is  one  at 
Gorhambury.  But  the  moft  confiderable  is  the 
excellent  whole  length  of  him,  by  Van  Somer, 
at  Petworth. 

This  nobleman  was  Ton  to  Efme  Stuart,  duke 
of  Lenox  in  Scotland,  and  grandfon  to  John, 
lord  D'Aubigne,  younger  brother  to  Matthew, 
earl  of  Lenox,  who  was  grandfather  to  king 
James.  On  the  feventeenth  of  May,  21  of 
James  I.  he  was  created  earl  of  Newcaftle,  and 
duke  of  Richmond.  He  had  a  great  fhare  of 
the  king's  confidence  and  efteem,  which  indeed 
he  merited  ;  as  he  was  a  man  of  an  excellent  cha- 
racter. He  married  three  wives :  his  firlt  was 
of  the  family  of  Ruthven  •,  his  fecond  of  that 
of  Campbell ;  andf  his  laft,  Frances,  daughter 
of  Thomas,  vifcount  Howard  of  Bindon.  He 
died  fuddenly,  1623.  His  dutchefs  affigned  a 
very  particular  realbn  for  his  being  in  high 
health  the  night  before  he  was  found  dead  in 
his  bed  J. 

ROBERTUS  CAR,  comes  Somerfet ; 
S,  P.  {Simon  PaJJt^us)  fc.  ^lo. 

RoBERTus  Car,  &c.  two  Latin  lines  at  bottom : 
"  Hie  ille  eji^'  &c.  /mall  ^to. 

J  Kennet  ii.  p.  777, 

y  4  Robert 


328  The    HISTORY        James  I. 

Robert  Car,  earl  of  Somerfet,  vifcount  Ro- 
chefter,  &c.  and  the  lady  Frances,  his  wife  •,  /^ta. 
in  a  hook^  in  tit  led  '^  1'ruth  brought  to  Light,  and  dif- 
covered  by  Time,  or  a  Dijiourje  and  biflorical  Narra- 
tion of  the  firfl  fourteen  l^cars  of  King  James'' s  Reign,'* 
1 65 1,  ^to.  There  is  a  copy  of  this  print  before  "  The 
Cafes  of  Impotency,"^  printed  by  Curie,  It  was  en- 
graved  by  Michael  Vandergucht. 

Robert  Car,  earl  of  Suaierfet ;  Houbraken  fc. 
Jlluft.  Head. 

This  portrait,  which  reprefents  him  as  a  black 
robuft  man,  is  not  genuine.  The  earl  of  So- 
merfet had  light  hair,  and  a  reddifh  beard  *. 
His  face  was  rather  effeminate  ;  a  kind  of  beauty 
which  took  much  wiih  James  the  Firft. 

At  Newbottle,  the  marquis  of  Lothian's,  not 
far  from  Edinburgh,  is  a  head  of  him,  with 
fmaii  features  and  flaxen  hair. 

Robert  Car  was  page  to  king  James  before 
his  acceffion  to  the  throne  of  England,  and  was, 
at  his  coronation,  made  one  of  the  knights  of 
the  Bath.  This  circumftance  is  contradidory 
to  the  ftory  fo  confidently  told  by  feveral  of  our 
hiftorians,  of  his  introduction  to  the  king  at  a 
tilting,  about  eight  years  after:]:.  He  was  af- 
cr.  earl,  4  tciwards  Created  vifcount  Rochcfter,  and  earl 
Nov.  1613:      Qf  Somerfet;  and   was   advanced  to  tlie  office 

and  made 

Joid-cham-  of  lord-chambcrlain.  On  the  death  of  the  earl 
Tup'i6r'°  ^^  Salifbury,  he  became  prime  minifter,  and 
difpenfer  of  the  king's  favours;  and  had  the 
prudence  to  fnew  a  due  regard  to,  the  Englifh, 
without  flighting  his  own  countrymen.  His 
talents  were  neither  fhining,  nor  mean  ;  and  he 
was   habitually  a  courtier  and  a  llatcfman.     In 

♦  See  Lloyd's  "  State  Worthies,"  p.  74.6. 

X  Sec  i)j .  IJiich's  Lives  with  the  lllulL  Heads,  vol.  ii.  p.  T3. 

the 


Class  II.        of    ENGLAND;  329 

the  plenitude  of  his  power,  he  grew  infolent, 
and  vifibly  declined  in  the  king's  favour  •,  efpe- 
cially  upon  the  duke  of  Buckingham's  appear- 
ance at  court.  In  May,  1616,  he  was  con- 
demned for  being  acceilary  to  the  murder  of 
Sir  Thomas  Ovcrbury  ;  a  crime  in  which  he 
was  involved  with  his  countefsf;  but  they 
both  received  the  king's  pardon.  Ob.  July, 
1645- 

WILLIAM,  earl  of  Pembroke,  &c.  lord- 
chamberlain  of  his  majefty's  houfehold  i  P.  van 
Somer  p.  S.  Pajfausfc.  1 6 1 7  ;  4/1?. 

William,  earl  of  Pembroke,  &c.  Sold  by 
Stents  ^to. 

GuiL.  comes  Pembroch,  Acad.  Cane,  with  Sir 
Thomas  Bodleyy  and  others  \  in  the  fronttfpiece  to  the 
Catalogue  of  the  Bodleian  Library  ;  A^.  Burghers  fc. 

The  earl  of  Pembroke  was  as  generally  and  cr.  1551, 
defervedly  efteemed    as   any   nobleman   of  his  ^pp '°'''- 
time.     He  was  well-bred  ;  but  his  breeding  and  jac.  i.*  ^^ 
his  manners  were  entirely  Engliih.    He  was  ge- 
nerous, open,    and   fmcere ;    loyal,  and    yet  a 
friend  to  liberty.     Few  men  poireflTcd  a  greater 
quicknefs  of  apprehenfion,  or  a  more  penetrat- 
ing judgment ;  and   none   could  exprefs  them- 
felves  with   more   readinefs   or  propriety.     He 
was  a  man  of  letters   himfelf,  and  an  eminent 
patron  of  learned  men.     But  he  had,  with  all 
his  excellencies,  a  ftrong  propenfiry  to  pleafure, 
and   frequently   abandoned    himfelf  to  women. 
He  died  fuddenlv,  April  10,  1630  J. 

GEORGE 

t  His  inaufpJcious  marriage  with  this  lady,  which  in  the  event 
proved  his  ruin,  was  attended  with  greater  pomp  and  feftivity 
than  the  marriage  of  any  other  fubjei^  of  this  kingdom.  See  a 
particular  account  of  it  in  "  The  Detection  of  the  Court  and 
«*  State  of  England,  during  the  four  laft  Reigns,"  p.  69,  Sc  feq. 

lo^hen  his  body  was  opened,  i«i  order  to  be  embalmed,  he 
ijy^s    bferved,  immediately  alter  the  incifiou  was  made,  to  lift 

up 


530  The    HISTORY        James  I. 

promot.4       GEORGE  V I L  L I E  R  S,  duck  of  Buck- 
jan.i6i6-7.  jngham,  matter  of  the  horfe.     See  the  foregoing 
divifion. 

CLASS    III. 

PEERS. 

EARLS. 

FRANCIS    MANNERS,  earl  of  Rut- 
land ;  fold  by  T.  Jenner  \  ^to. 
Cr.  1525.  /pj^g  g^j-j  Qf  Rutland,  chief  jufticc   in  Eyre 

of  all  the  king's  forefts  and  chaces  north  of 
Trent,  and  knight  of  the  Garter.  In  1616,  he 
attended  the  king  to  Scotland,  and  afterwards 
commande4the  fleet  fent  to  bring  prince  Charles 
out  of  Spain.  The  calamities,  fuppofed  to  be 
the  efFeds  of  witchcraft,  in  the  earl's  family, 
are  faid  to  have  occafioned  the  famous  a6t  of 
parliament  in  this  reign,  againft  forcery,  and 
other  diabolical  pra£lices,  which  was  lately  re- 
pealed. Howel  tells  us  in  his  Letters*,  that 
"  king  James,  a  great  while,  was  loth  to  be- 
'^  lieve  there  were  witches ;  but  that  which  hap- 
"  pened  to  my  lord  Francis  of  Rutland's  chil- 
"  dren  convinced  him."  This  is  contradiftory 
to  the  tenor  of  the  •■*  DsEmonoIogia,"  whicii 
was  publiflied  long  before.  In  16 18,  Joan 
Flower,  and  her  two  daughters,  were  accufed 
of  murdering  Henry,  lord  Roos,  by  witchcraft, 

up  his  hand,  Tliis  remarkab'e  circumftance,  compared  with 
lord  Clarendon's  account  of  his  fudden  death  [|,  affords  a  ftrong 
prefiimptive  proof  that  his  difteinper  was  an  apoplexy.  This 
anecdote  may  be  depended  on  as  a  fadl,  as  it  was  told  by  a  def- 
ceiidant  of  the  Pembroke  family,  who  had  often  heard  it  re- 
lated. 

*  Pai,e4»7.     • 

I!  Vo!. '.  p.  5S  J  Svc, 

and 


Class  III.        of    ENGLAND.  331 

and  of  torturing  the  lord  Francis  his  brother, 
and  the  lady  Catharine  his  fifter.  Thefe  three 
women  are  faid  to  have  entered  into  a  formal 
contradt  with  the  devil,  aud  to  have  become 
*«  devils  incarnate  themfelves.'*  The  mother 
died  as  (he  was  going  to  prifon ;  the  daughters, 
who  were  tried  by  Sir  Henry  Hobart,  and  Sir 
Edward  Bromley,  confefled  their  guilt,  and 
were  executed  at  Lincoln.  See  Turner's  "  Hift. 
*'  of  remarkable  Providences  -,"  fol.  &c.  &c. 
This  peer  died  without  iflue  male,  17  Dec. 
1632. 

HENRY    WRIOTHESLY,    earl    of 
Southampton,  &c.     Simon  Pajfaus  fc.   16 17;  ^to. 
fcarce  J. 

His  portrait  is  at  Bulftrode,  together  with 
the  cat,  which  was  with  him  in  the  Tower,  in 
the  reign  of  Elizabeth. 

The  earl  of  Southampton  was  one  of  thecr.  J547. 
privy-council,  but  bore  little  or  no  part  in  the 
adminiftration  of  affairs  in  this  reign ;  as  he 
was  overborne,  in  the  former  part  of  it,  by  the 
earl  of  Salilbury,  who  conceived  a  diflike  to 
him,  on  account  of  his  attachment  to  the  late 
carl  of  EfTex.  He  was  a  fincere  friend  to  his 
country  :  and  fuch  was  his  patriotic  fpirit,  that 
he  could  not  help  expreffing  his  indignation  at 
the  pacific  meafures  of  the  king,  for  which  he 
was  committed  a  prifoner  to  the  dean  of  Weft- 
minfter,  about  the  fame  time  that  the  carl  of 
Oxford  was  committed  to  the  Tower.  Ob, 
1624. 

t  Moft  of  the  heads  by  the  family  of  Pafs,  Elftracke,  and  De- 
laram,  are  fcarce,  and  lome  of  them  extremely  rare. 

HENRICUS 


332  The    HISTORY        James  I. 

HENRICUS  PERCY,  comes  North- 
umberlandias ;  Delaramfc.  1619;  4/<?,  Another  of 
him  in  a  hat^  ly  tie  fame  hand. 

Cr.  1557.  Henry,  earl  of  Northumberland,  was  one  of 

the  gallant  young  noblemen,  who,  in  15H8, 
when  the  kingdom  was  threatened  with  an  in- 
vafion,  hired  fliips  at  their  own  expence,  and 
joined  the  grand  licet  under  the  lord  high-admi- 
ral.  He  was  afterwards  one  of  the  volunteers 
at  the  famous  fiege  of  Oftend.  In  the  reign  of 
James,  he  fell  under  a  fufpicion  of  being  a 
party  in  the  gunpowder  plot,  and,  though  in- 
nocent, lufFcred  a  tedious  imprilonment  of  fif- 
teen years  f.  He  was  a  great  lover  and  patron 
of  learning.     Ob.  5  Nov.  1632. 

ROBERT  DEVEREUX,  earl  of  Ef- 
-_fex,  when  young  ;  in  an  oval ;  R.  F. 

Robert  Devereux,  &c.  «  fmall  fquare ;  hat 
and  truncheon  \  J.  P.  (John  Payne)  izmo.  Another 
of  him  on  horfehack  •,  IV,  Pafsfc. 

Robert  Devereux,  &:c,  R,  E.  {Eljlracke)  fc. 
/^to. 

Cr.  1572.  Robert  Devereux,  earl  of  Ffiex,  fonofthe 

unfortunate  favourite  of  queen  Elizabeth,  ferved 
■  wich  reputation  in  the  wars  in  the  Low  Coun- 
tries. He  was  one  of  the  i^vt  noblemen  in  par- 
liament, who  dared  to  attack,  or  at  lead  to 
keep  at  bay,  the  *'  great  monfter  of  the  preroga- 
tive J."  But  he  never  appeared  to  fo  great  an 
advantage  as  at  the  head  of  an  army.     See  his 

f  Thomas  Percy,  a  diflant  relation  of  the  earl,  and  one  of 
rhe  band  of  gentlemen  penfioners,  of  which  his  iordfliip  was  cap- 
rnin,  was  proved  to  liave  been  with  him  at  Sion  Houfe  the  day 
before  the  intended  execution  of  the  plot.  This  unlucky  cir- 
cumltance  was  the  occafion  of  his  confinement, 

X  So  called  by  Sir  Edward  Coke. 

•  character 


Class  III.        of    ENGLAND.  335 

charader  among  the  fwordfmen  in  the  next 
reisn  :  fee  alio  that  of  the  countel's  of  Effex 
in  this. 

THOMAS    HOWARD,   earl  of  Arun- 
del, &c.     Mir.  {Mierevelt)  p.  S.  Pajf^usfc.  ^to. 

The  earl  of  Arundel  was  a  great  promoter  of  Cr.  1579, 
building  with  brick.     It  has   been   erroneoufly 
faid  that  he  was  the   firft  who  introduced  that 
kind  of  mafonry  into  England  J.     See  more  of 
him  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 

RICHARD  SACKVILLE,  earl  of  Dor- 
fet ;  S.  Pajpzus  fc.    161 7;  4/0. 

There  is  a  whole  length   portrait  of  him  at 
Charlton,  the  feat  of  lord  Suffolk^,  in  Wiltfhire. 

The  earl  of  Dorfet  was  an  accomplifhed  gen-  Cr.  1603; 
tleman,  and  an  excellent  judge  and  munificent 
patron  of  literary  merit.  He  v/as  hofpitable 
and  bountiful  to  profufion  ;  and  was  a  o-reac 
lover  of  mafking,  tilting,  and  other  princely 
exercifes,  which  recommended  him  to  the  no- 
tice, and  gained  him  the  efteem  of  prince  Hen- 
ry.    Ob.  28  Mar.  1624,  £t.  35. 

ROBERT    SIDNEY,  carl- of  Leicefter, 

&c.     Simon  Pajfans  fc. 

Robert  Sidney,  vifcount  Lifle,defcendedfrom 
a    filter  of  Robert  Dudley,  earl  of  Leicefter,^ 
was,  by  James  I.  created  earl  of  Leicefter,  and  *^'' ^*^'^' 
baron  Sidney  of  Penfhurft,  the  2d  of  Auguft, 
1618.     See  vifcount  Lifle. 

X  As  to  brick  buildings  in  England,  fee  Bagford's  "  Letter 
*•  relating  to  the  Antiquities  of  London,"  p.  lxx°iii.  It  is  pre- 
fixed to  Leland's  "  CoUedlanea."  See  alio  a  Differtation  by  Dr. 
Lyttelton,  then  dean  of  Exeter,  on  tlie  Antiquity  of  Brick 
Buildings  in  England,  pofterior  to  the  time  of  ti.e  Romans,  in 
vol.  i.  of  •'  Archasologia,  or  mifcellaneoiis  Tracts  reiatinF  to 
*'  Antiquity,"  p.  140,  &c.  See  alfo  Mr.  Gough-s  Preface  to  hk 
♦*  Anecdotes  of  Britifli  Topography, "  p   sj,  i^c 

JOHN 


334  The    HISTORY        James  I. 

JOHN    DIGBY,    earl    of    Briftol,    &c. 

Sold  by  Wm.  Penke ;  ^to. 

This  nobleman  was  one  of  the  mofl:  accom- 
plilhed  minifters,  as  well  as  mod  eftimable  cha- 
Cr.  15  Sept.  radlers  of  his  time.  He  was  ambaflfador  from 
aojac.i.  James  to  the  emperor,  and  afterwards  to 
Spain.  He  pofleffed  all  the  phlegm  requifite 
for  a  Spanifh  embafly  ;  and  even  for  the  tedi- 
ous and  fruitlefs  negotiations  of  this  reign.  His 
credit  in  the  court  of  Spain  was  beyond  that  of 
any  other  ambafiador ;  and  he  received  greater  * 
marks  of  diftindion  from  his  Catholic  majefty. 
In  the  next  reign,  the  duke  of  Buckingham, 
who  hated  the  man,  dared  to  attack  the  minif- 
ter  i  but  he  was  bravely  repelled  J.  Upon  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War,  he  fided  with 
the  parliament,  and  had  the  command  of  two 
troops  of  horfe  in  their  fervice ;  but  when  he 
faw  that  monarchy  itfelf  was  in  danger,  he  ad- 
hered to  the  king.  He  was,  in  his  juvenile 
years,  a  poet ;  but  his  poetry  feems  to  be  rather 
the  effedl  of  youth,  than  the  production  of  ge- 
nius.    Ob.  6  Jan.  1652-3. 

VISCOUNTS. 

ROBERTSIDNEY,  vifcount  Lifle,  &c. 
1617  ;  S.  Pajfc£us  fc.  ^to. 

Robert,  vifcount  Lifle,  was  lord-chamberlain 
to  queen  Anne.  He  and  Sir  Francis  Vere,  dif- 
tinguifhed  thcmfelves  in  the  celebrated  battle  of 

Cr.jsMay       Tumhoult,  gained  by   prince  Maurice,   1597; 

*  °^*  that  general  himfelf  afcribing  the  glorious  fuc- 

t  His  defence  of  his  condufl:  in  Spain,  which  was  publicly  call- 
ed in  queftion,  by  the  duke  of  Buckingham,  is  in  the  State  Tri- 
als, and  in  the  tenth  volume  of  Rapin's  Hiitory. 

cefs 


Class  III.        of    ENGLAND.  ^^^ 

cefs  of  the  day,  to  their  good  conducfb,  and 
gallant  behaviour.  Ob.  1626.  His  portrait, 
with  others  of  the  Sidney  family,  was  lately  at 
Penfhurft  in  Kent  •,  but  that  valuable  colleftion 
is  now  fold  and  difperfed. 

He  is  the  fame  perfon  with  the  earl  of  Lei- 
cefter  before  mentioned. 

WILLIAM  KNOLLIS  (Knolles),  vif- 
count  Wallingford,  &c.  Sold  by  John  Hind:  pro- 
bably engraved  by  Simon  Pafs  ;  a^to. 

"William,  fon  of  Sir  Francis  Knolles,  by  Ca- 
tharine Cary,  daughter  to  Sir  Thomas  Bolen, 
and  coufin-german  to  queen  Elizabeth.  He 
fucceeded  his  father  in  the  office  of  treafurer  of 
the  queen's  houfehold,  and  was  one  of  the  dele- 
gates for  making  peace,  14  Eliz.  Upon  the 
accefTion  of  James,  he  was  created  baron  of 
Grays  in  Oxfordfhire,  the  place  of  his  refidence; 
and  in  the  twelfth  year  of  this  reign,  conftitut- 
ed  mafter  of  the  court  of  wards ;  and  about  two 
years  after,  created  vifcount  Wallingford -j-.  Cr.  5  Jan. 
He  died  the  twenty-fifth  of  May,  1632,  in  thc'^'^'"' 
eighty-eighth  year  of  his  age,  and  lies  buried  at 
Grays.  The  ancient  feat  of  this  family,  is  now 
in  the  poffefTion  of  Sir  Thomas  Stapleton,  Bart. 

BARONS. 

JOHN  lord  Lumley  :  a  [mall  head  *  In  *^  Sand- 
^^  ford's  Genealogical  Hijlory"  by  Subbing,  p.  423. 

In  the  oppofite  page  of  this  Hiftory,  the  cha- 
rader  of  lord  Lumley  for  piety,   integrity,  con- 
ftancy,  and  patience,  is  mentioned  with  refped  ^f, 
and  honour.  His  firft  wife  Joanna,  eldeft  daugh- 

t  He  was  created  earl  of  Banbury,  18  Aug.  1626. 

ter 


1514. 


336  The    HISTORY        James  I. 

ter  and  coheircfs  of  Henry  Fitz-AIlan,  earl  of 
Arundel,  is  celebrated  as  a  learned  lady  by  Bal- 
lard. She  tranflated  a  confiderable  part  of  the 
works  of  Ifocratcs  into  Latin,  and  the  Iphigenia 
of  Euripides  into  Englifh  J.  This  lord  was  the 
lad  baron  of  Lumley.  Mention  is  made  of  one 
of  his  anceftors  in  Mr.  Walpole's  "  Noble  Au- 
*^  thors,"  vol.  i.  p.  90,  &c.  edit,  2.  Baron 
Lumley  died  April  10,   1609. 

EDMUND,  baron  Sheffield,  &c,  knight  of 
the  Garter;  R.  Eljlrackefc.  4.10. 

Edmund,  lord  Sheffield  of  Butterwicke.  He 
was  knighted  by  the  lord-admiral  for  his  dif- 
tinguifhed  bravery  in  the  engagement  with  the 
Spanifh  Armada,  in  1588.  He  was  afterwards 
governor  of  Brill,  one  of  the  cautionary  towns 
delivered  by  the  ftates  of  Holland  to  queen  Eli- 
zabeth. In  the  fourteenth  of  James  I.  he  was 
appointed  lord-prefident  of  the  North  ;  and  i 
Car.  I.  created  earl  of  Mulgrave.  Ob,  1646, 
yEi.  So. 

JOANNES    HARINGTON,  bare  de 

Exton  §.     In  the  "  Ucroologia^''  8^'<7. 

Cr.  3juiy,  Lord  Harrington,  who  was  highly  and  de- 

1603.  fervedly  efteemed  by  James,  had,  together  with 

his  lady,  the  care  of  the  education  of  the  prin- 
cefs  Elizabeth,  only  daughter  to  that  monarch. 
In  1613,  foon  after  the  marriage  of  that  prift- 
cefs  witrt  the  ele(51:or  Palatine,  he,  by  the  king's 
command,  attended  htr  into  Germany.  He 
24. Aug.  died  at  Worms  the  fame  year,  a  few  days  after 

he  left  the  electoral  court.  He  was  father  of 
the  pious  and  amiable  lord  Flarington,  men- 
tioned in  the  next  article.     There  is  a  print  of 

X  See  Ballard's  Memoirs,  p.  121.  f  In  Rutland. 

lord 


Class  Itl.        of   ENGLAND. 

lord  Harington  by  Elflrackc  ;  but  I  forget  whe- 
ther of  the  father  or  fori. 

JOANNES  HA  RINGTON,  baro  de 
Exton.     In  the  "  lleroologia  ;"  "b-vo. 

Dominus  Joannes  Harington,  baro  de  Ex- 
ton.  /Ec.  22  ."  in  an  oval^  fupported  hy  a  lion  and  st. 
cock  ;  'verfes  underneath  \  A^to.jcarce, 

Johannes  Harington,  &c.  on  borfeback% 
*verfes  in  two  compartments  at  bottom  -,  very  fear ce^  h^ 
JIj.  There  is  a  /mail  ivooden  print  of  him,  with  four 
Latin,  and  as  many  EngHJJj  verfes^  before  Stock's 
**'  Funerals  and  Life  of  John  lord  Harington,""  1614, 
His   portrait,   top;ether  with  prince  Henry's, 

is  at  lord  Guildford's  at  Wroxton.     The  prince 

is  reprefented  cutting  the  throat  of  a  flag.    The 

young  lord,  then  fir  John  Harington,  and  the 
-  prince's  particular  friend,  as  is  intimated, by  hrs 

arms  hung  on  a  tree,  is  at  a  little  difbance.    The; 

painter  is  not  known. 

This  excellent  young  nobleman,  amidfi;  the 
allurements  of  a  court,  arrived  at  a  pitch  of  vir- 
tue rarely  to  be  found  in  cloifters*.  He  vv^s 
pious,  temperate,  and  chafte,  without  the  leail 
tinfture  of  fournefs  or  auilerity.  His  learnins 
and  experience  were  far  beyond  his  years;  and 
he  lived  more  in  the  iliort  period  of  his  life, 
than  others  in  an  advanced  age.  Ob.  1614. 
Mt.  22.  His  eftate  was  inherited  by  his  tv.o 
filters,  Lucy,  countefs  of  Bedford,  and  Anne, 
wife  of  Sir  Robert  Chichefter. 

JAMES,  lord  H  A  Y,  baron  of  Saley  (Saw- 
ley),  matter  of  his  majefty's  wardrobe,  &c.  S,  Paf- 
f-eus  fc.  ^to. 

The  portrait  of  hirn,  at  Caftle  Duplin,  the 
feat  of  the  earl  of  Kinnoul,  in  Scotland,  repre- 

*  This  was  apparent  from  bis  Diary, 

Vol,  h  Z  fents 


337 


338  T  H  E    H  I  S  T  O  R  Y         James  I. 

fents  him  younj;,  and  very  handfome.     It  was 
painted  by  Cornflius  Janfen. 

Great.  29  Lord  Sawlcy  was  employed  in  feveral  embaf- 

juLe,  1  15.  ^^^^  -^  ^1^.^  reign.  He  was  princely  in  his  enter- 
tainn:ient,  magnincent  in  his  drefs,  and  fplen- 
did  in  his  retinue.  The  king  confidered  the 
vanity  of  this  lord  as  minifterial  to  his  piirpofes, 
and  thought  ro  dazzle  foreign  courts  into  refpeft 
for  his  ambaffador  \  but  he  was  generally  treat- 
ed with  coldncfs,  if  not  with  contempt  ^.  Arthur 
Wilfon  has  given  us  a  defcription  of  one  of  his 
dreffes-f,  and  Lloyd  of  one  of  the  pies  which 
was  brought  to  his  table  J,  by  which  we  may 
judge  of  his  extravagance  §.  He  was,  abrtrad- 
ed  from  his  vanity,  a  man  of  a  valuable  charatler, 
and  a  complete  gentleman.  He  was  afterwards 
created  vifcount  Doncafter,  and  earl  of  Carlifle. 
It  fiiould  be  obferved,  that  his  paffion  for  fealt- 
ins:  and  drefs  continued,  almoft  to  the  laft  m^o- 
ment  of  his  life,  even  when  he  knew  that  he  was 
given  over  by  his  phyficians.  Qb.  25  April, 
1636. 

•Prince  Maurice  having  received  intelligence  that  the  Englifh 
ambaflador  and  his  retinue  were  to  dine  with  him,  called  for  the 
bill  of  fare,  which  was  intended  for  the  ordinary  courfe  of  his  ta- 
ble on  that  day  ;  and  finding  a  pig  among  other  articles,  ordered 
tivopigsto  bedrefled,  inftead  of  one,  without  any  other  addition. 
This  was  an  affront  to  the  king,  as  well  as  his  ambaffador,  as 
•  James  had  a  particular  averfion  to  tlut  animal.  The  opprobrious 
pig  was  the  occ:  lion  of  much  laughter  at  this  time. 

-j-  See  Kennets  "  Complete  Hiit,"  ii.  p.  703. 

J  "  State  WoiChi.s,"  p.  775. 

^  When  he  made  his  public  entry  at  P.iris,  his  horfes  were 
fiiod  with  filver.  It  is  probable  ihnt  iome  of  their  (hoes  were  but 
flghtly  f;dtent.d,  for  the  more  oftentatlous  diljilay  of  this  vanity; 
pnd  cfpeciahy  as  a  (mith  went  in  the  proceflion,  with  a  bag  of 
Jiorfe  (hoes  or  the  fanie  metal,  for  a  Cupply.  If  James  had  niar- 
lied  his  Ion  Chai  Ics  to  the  infanta,  and  (he  had  received  the  mines 
of  Potofi  for  her  dowry,  he  could  not  well  have  carried  his  pro- 
fuilon  to  a  higher  pitch,  than  he  did  in  this  embafiy.  When  the 
earhs  of  Carlille  :nid  Holland  efpoufcd  Henrietta  Maria,  in  the 
name  of  Charles  I.  they  were  clouthed  in  beaten  fiivtr. 

The 


Class  IV.       of    ENGLAND.  339 

The  Lord    M  O  N  T  J  O  Y     BLOUNT; 

M.  A.  D.  Marlin  Droejhout  fc.  ^vo.  without  the 
border  f  which  is  from  another  plate:  4^?.  z!)ith  the 
border  :  very  rare.       \ 

This  evidently  appears  to  be  the  fame  per- 
fon  with  the  lord  Montjoy  mentioned  in  Ciafs 
III.  of  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 

An    IRISH    PEER. 

ARTHUR,  lord  Chichefler,  baron  of  Bel- 
fafl-.  See  an  account  of  him  among  the  men  of 
the  fvvord  ^. 

CLASS     IV. 

The    C    L    E    R    G   Y. 

ARCHBISHOPS  and  BISHOPS. 

RICHARDUS  BANCROFT,  Archi- 
epifcopus  Cantuarienfis ;   G.  Vertue  fmall  h.  jlj, 

Bifhop  Bancroft,  who  v/as  trandated  from 
London  to  Canterbury,  was  a  ftout  and  zealous 
champion  for  the  church,  which  he  learnedly 
and  ably  defended  to  the  confufion  of  its  ad- 
verfaries.  Hence  it  was,  that  he  was  cenfured 
by  the  puritans  as  a  friend  to  popery  ;  but  th'«^ 
imputation  was  abfolutely  groundlefs ;  on  the 
contrary,  by  his  addrefs,  in  fetting  fome  of  the 
fecular  priefts  againft  the  Jefuits,  as  St.  Paul  did 
the  Pharifees  againfl:  the  Sadducees,  he  greatly 
reduced  the  force  of  the  rnoft  formidable  body 
of  men  engaged  in  the  fervice  of  the  church  of 

*  The  celebrated  Napier,  commonly  called  baron  of  Marchef- 
ton  has  been  miftaken  for  a  peer  ;  but  his  foa  was  the  fiift  ol  the 
family  who  was  ennobled.     See  Clafs  IX. 

Z  2  Rome,' 


340  The    HISTORY      James  L 

Rome*.  In  the  conference  at  Hampton- Court, 
he  acquitted  himfelf  fo  much  to  the  kiRe;'s  fa- 
tisfadion,  that  he  thought  him  the  fitteft  perfon 
to  iucceed  Vv'hitgift  in  the  chair  of  Canterbury, 
He  was  indubitably  a  friend  to  the  royal  pre- 
rogative, and  earnefl  in  his  defence  of  it,  in 
which  he  followed  the  didates  of  his  confcience, 
and  the  genius  of  the  times.  Oh.  2  Nov,  161O9 
Mt.  67.  Bifhop  Bancroft  is  th"e  perfon  meanc 
as  the  chief  overfeer  of  the  lad  tranOation  of  the 
Bible,  in  that  paragraph  of  the  preface  to  \l 
beo;innincT  with  "  But  it  is  high  time  to  leave 
"  them,"  &c.  towards  the  end. 

ABBOT,    archbifhop   of    Canterbury;    J. 

Boubraken  fc.     From  an  original  in  the  ^ojjejjion  of 
Mr.  Kingjly  ;  Ilhijl.  Head. 

Georgius  Abbattus,  &c.  i5i6;  Simon  Pa/- 
faus  fc.  /\to.  Jncther  by  Simon  Pafs,  with  a  view  of 
Lambeth  ;    Ccmpton  Holland  e:xc. 

Georgius  Abbattus,  &c.  A  copy  from  Pafs, 
in  Bcijfard ;  ^to. 

George  Abbot,  a  fmall  head  by  Marjhall',  in 
the  title  to  his  "  Briefe  Defer iption  of  the  whole 
''  World." 

George  Abbot,  &c.  M.  Vandergucht fc.  In 
lord  Clarendon's  Hijt.  8w  f. 

•  This  was  in  the  I'recetiing  reign.  Si^e  fir  John  Harington's 
*'  Brief  View  of  the  State  of  the  Church  of  England,"  p.  13,  edit. 

t  The  bezels  in  lord  Clarendon's  "  ITiftnry"  were  originally  en- 
graved f(<r  W?rii"s  <'  Hiftory  of  t!ie  Rebellion/' in  verie,  1713, 
Michael  Vaiidergucht,  and  Vertue  his  fcholar,  did  the  greateft 
part  cf  them.  The  rcli  were  engraved  l)y  R.  White,  Sturt,  Kir- 
ka),  and  Sympron.  IMany  of  tliem  are  from  original  paintings. 
See  the  preface  to  the  firrt,  andwlfb  to  the  third  and  iaft  volume 
o*  the  ahov-^  in'^ntiored  book,  where  the  r-amcs  cf  the  engravers^ 
and  the  heads  done  by  thein,  are  particuiaily  enumerated. 

I'here 


Class  IV.         o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  341 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  in  the  Univerfity 
Library  at  Caaibridge,  and  another  in  the  gal- 
lery at  Gorhambury,  near  St.  Alban's. 

Archbifnop  Abbot  recommended  himfelf  to  Tr.  from 
I.;ing  James,  by  his  prudent  behaviour  in  Scot-  ^°"'*-^^"' 
land,  in  relation  to  the  union  of  the  churches  cf 
that  kingdom;  and  by  his  "  Narrative  of  t'le 
^'  Cafe  of  Sprot,"  who  was  executed  in  160S, 
for  having  been  concerned  in  the  Gc^wry  con- 
fpiracy.  As  the  reality  of  that  dark  defign  had 
been  called  in  queftion,  he  endeavoured,  by  this 
jiarrative,  to  fettle  the  minds  of  the  people  in 
the  belief  of  it.  He  was  a  prelate  of  great  learn- 
ing and  piety,  but  was  efleemed  a  puritan  in 
dodrine ',  and  in  difcipline,  too  remiis  for  one 
placed  at  the  head  of  the  church  *.  He  had  a 
,  confiderable  hand  in  the  tranOation  of  the  New 
Teftamenc  now  in  ufe.  Ob.  4  Aug.  1653, 
yEt.  7 1  t- 

MATTHEW  BUTTON,  archbifiiop  of 
York;  Jan.  16,  1605,  yEt.  80.  From  an  original 
piolurCy  in  the  pojf^jjwn  of  Mrs.  Hufton,  widow  of 
the  late  Dr.  Matthew  Hiitton^  lord  archbifjop  of  Can- 
terbury ;  F.  Perry  fc.  ^to. 

Matthew   Hutton   was  fome  time  mader  of  Tr.  from 
Pembroke  Hall  in  Cambridge,  and  Regius  pro-  ^^f^'™' 
feflbr    of   divinity   in   that    univerfity.      When 
queen  ElizaJDeth  vificed  Cambridge,   he  gained 
the  highePc   applaufe  from   his  public  exerciie 
before  her,   to  which  he  owed  his  great  prefer- 

•  Clarendon. 

'j-  This  prelate  was  dean  of  VVinchefter,  in  1599.  Lord  Claren- 
don was  certainly  miltaken,  in  faying  that  he  had  no  preferment 
in  the  church  before  he  was  bilhop  of  Litchfield  and  Coveniry. 
See  Le  Neve,  and  Dr.  Burton's  *'  Genuinenefs  of  Loid  Claren- 
don's Hillory,"  p,  104., 

Z  3  ments 


1595- 


?42  The    HISTORY        James  I. 

ments  in  the  church  ■^.  I  have  feen  none  of  hi§ 
works  in  Englifh  -f.  He  died,  according  to  his 
epitaph,  i6  Jan.  i(5o5,  Alt.  80.  Hence  it  ap- 
pears, that  the  word  obiii  on  the  original  pic- 
ture, is  obliterated,  as  it  is  not  engraved  on  the 
print;  and  that  Fuller  is  miftaken  in  his  age, 
who  fays  he  died  in  his  feventy-fixth  year.  The 
epitaph  is  in  Le  Neve's  "  Lives."  It  is  re- 
markable that  the  date  of  his  death,  in  Le 
Neve's  "  Fafti"  differs  from  that  in  the  epi- 
taph ;  it  is  there  faid  to  have  been  on  the  fif- 
teenth of  Jan.  J 

TOBIAS  MAT  T-H  7E  U  S,  archiepif- 
cop'js  Eboracenfis  •,  R.  E.  {Rcnold  Eljlrncke)  fc. 
H.  Holland  exc.  Sold  by  Geo.  Humble^  in  Pope's 
Head  Alley ;  ^to. 

Tobias  Matth,«us  j  a  copy  in  Boijfard;  d.to. 

There 

*  Nicholas  Robinfon,  afterwards  bifliop  of  Bangfor,  fpeaks  thus 
of  his  performance  on  this  occafion  :  "  Unum  illud  aadeo  affir- 
•'  maj'e  ;  in  Huttono  nolho  BiiCt^ri  judicium,  Martyris  memoriam, 
•*  vim  Calvini,  Mufcu'.i  methodum,  e>:  hac  concertatione  liquido 
"  aparuiiTer  nemo  potuit  fncere  ut  ifte,  nifi  dominus  i'uiflec  cuni 
"  CO."   Le  Neve,  in  his  article. 

+  "  Comnaeinatiunciilam  emifit  de  e!e6Vione  et  reprobatione." 
<*  Ric.  Parkeri  Sceletos  Cantabrigienfis ;"  in  the  fifth  voh  of  Le- 
lancii   "  C>>riti5}anea,"  p.  2C5. 

+  Concerning  his  age  at  the  time  of  his  death,  fee  B.  Willis's 
•'  Survey  of  the  Cathedral  of  York,"  &c.  p.  52. 

Archbiihop  Hutton  had  the  boldnefs,  in  a  fermon  which  he 
preached  before  queen  Elizabeth,  at  Whitehall,  to  urge  home  to 
her  confcience  the  delicate  point  of  fixing  the  fucceflion.  He  even 
told  her,  "  that  Nero  was  efpecially  liated  for  wifning  to  have 
"  no  fuccelibr  j  and  that  AnguftuG  was  the  worfe  beloved  for  ap- 
*'  pointing  an  ill  man  to  fucceed  him  ;''  and  very  plainly  inti- 
mated, that  the  eyes  of  the  nation  were  turned  upon  the  king  of 
Scots,  as  the  prince  who,  from  proximity  of  blood,  might  realbn- 
ably  expeft  to  afcenrl  the  throne.  It  is  probable  thit  this  highly 
pleafed  every  one  of  the  audience  but  tiie  queen,  who,  contrary 
to  their  expe<^l:ation,  had  couiuiand  enough  of  iier  temper  to  Iti- 
He  her  refentnient,  and,  with  great  compofiire  in  iier  countenance, 
to  thank  him  for  his  difcourfe  :  but  (he  foon  after  fent  two  coun- 
icUors  to  him  with  a  very  fliarp  reproof.    It  appears  that  (lie  was 

very 


Class  IV.        o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  345 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  in  the  hall  at  Chrift- 
Cliurch,  Oxon.  of  which  he  was  dean. 

This  worthy  prelate,  who  had  been  an  orna-  Tr.  from 
ment  to  the  univerfity  of  Oxford,  was  no  lefs  ,6"oV"' 
an  ornament  to  his  high  ftation  in  the  church. 
He  had  an  admirable  talent  for  preaching,  which 
he  never  fuffered  to  lie  idle  •,  but  uftd  to  go 
from  one  town  to  another,  to  preach  to  crowded 
audiences.  He  kept  an  exait  account  of  the 
fermons  which  he  preached,  after  he  was  pre- 
ferred ;  by  v/hich  it  appears,  that  he  preached, 
when  dean  of  Durham,  721;  when  bsHiup  of 
jhac  diocefe,  ^^o  ;  and  when  archbilhop  of 
York,  721;  in  ail,  1992^.  He  left  nothing 
in  print,  but  a  Latin  fermon  againfl:  Campian ; 
and  a  letter  to  Jamrs  I.  0^.  29  Mar.  162S, 
^/.  82.  He,  efpecially  in  the  early  par:  of  his 
]ife,  was  noted  for  his  ready  wit ;  and  was  equal, 
if  not  fuperior,  to  bifliop  Andrews,  in  the  court- 
ly faculty  of  punning. 

RICARDUS  V  A  UGH  ANUS;  a  La- 
tin dijiich;  "  Londini  Pr^ful^'^  ^c.  In  the  '•  He- 
"  roologia  j"  81;^, 

Richard  Vaughan,  a  native  of  Caernarvon- Tr,  f.om  ' 
fhire,  was  educated  in  St.  John's  College,  Cam-  ^'^"''^ 
bridge,  and  was  an  admired  preacher  in  that 
univerfity.  He  was  chaplain  to  queen  Eliza- 
beth; and  fucceliively  bifhop  of  Bangor,  Chef- 
ter,  and  London.  His  merit  v/as  univerfally 
allowed  to  be  equal  to  his  dignity  in  the  church  ; 
but  none  of  his  writings  were  ever  printed. 
Fuller  tells  us,  in  his  ufual  ftyle,  that  "  he  was 

very  delirous  of  procuring  the  fermon  ;  but  the  archbiihop  could 
never  be  prevailed  with  to  let  it  go  out  of  his  hands  1|. 
*  Drake's  "  Antiq.  of  York." 

jj  See  fir  John  Harington's  "Brief  View  of  the  State    of  the  Church  of 
««  England,"  p,  188,  &c. 

Z  4  a  very 


344-  The    HISTORY        James  J. 

a  very  corpulent  man,  but  fpiritually  minded  *;'* 
and  Owen  his  counrryman,  has  addreffed  one 
of  his  bcft  epigrams  to  him,  in  which  he  gives 
him  an  excellent  charader  -j-.  Ob.  30  Mar, 
160-7, 

JOHANNES  KING,  epifcopus  Londi- 
nenfis ;  iV.  Lockey  p.  et  fieri  curavii^  6'.  Pajfceus  fc% 
/;^to.    4  copy  in  Boifiard. 

Johannes  King,  &c.    Delaramfc.  a^to. 

His  portrait  is  at  Chrift-Chtirch,  Oxon. 
John   K'ng  was  a  very  celebrated  preacher 
at  court,   in   the  reigns  of  Elizabeth  and  James 
I.     He   vi'as,   by    the  latter,    preferred   to    the 
^605-  deanry  of  Chrift-Church ;  whence   he  was,  for 

confec.  his  merir,  removed  to  the  fee  of  London.    He 

^pt  ''■m-  xvas  a  great  mailer  of  his  tongue  and  his  pen, 
and  was  (lylf d  by  James,  "  the  king  of  preach- 
*'  ers  ];."  He  publifiicd  ledures  on  Jonas,  and 
feveral  other  fermons.  I'he  calumny  of  his 
dying  in  the  communion  of  the  church  of  Rome, 
vvhich  was  affcrted  in  print,  has  been  amply  re- 
futed. Ob.  162 1.  He  was  buried  under  a 
plain  (lone  in  St.  Paul's  Church,  on  which  was 
infcribed  only  the  word,  "  Refurgam  §." 

GEORGE 

*<<  Wortliies  in  Caernnrv."  p.  31.  The  quaint  compliment  of 
Kinu  James  to  Dr.  Martin  Heaton,  bifhop  ot  Ely,  wlio  was  as  fa|: 
as  Vaiigiian,  is  cquHlly  applicable,  .Tiui,  indeed,  hath  betn  applied 
to  that  prelate.  "Fat  men  are  apt  to  make  lean  fermons;  but 
*'  yours  are  not  lean,  but  larded  with  good  learning  jj."  The 
niode  of  larding  was  far  from  bting  Imited  to  diviniiy;  it  pre» 
VH'lfd  in  almofi:  every  fpecies  of  compoliticn  ;  and  it  is  a  known 
faiJt,  that  thole  fermons  were  generally  double  larded,  which  were 
preached  at  couif. 

t  Lib   ii,  epig.  ;4. 

t  A  cliaraiter  foundeii  on  a  pun,  or  verbal  allufion,  is  yery  cau- 
tioufly  to  be  adniitttd  5  but  thcie  is  great  truth  in  this,  as  he  was 
the  moft  natural  and  perfuafive  orator  of  his  time 

§  When  Sir  Chriitooher  Wren  was  defciibing  the  ground  plot 
of  the  new  church  of  St.  Paul,   he  fpoke  to  one  of  the  men  who 

attended 

II  Harington's  "  Brief  View,"  &;c.  in  the  article  of  Heaton,  p.  81. 


Class  IV.     *  o  f  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  345 

GEORGE  MOUNTAINE  (Moun- 
Taigne),  biihop  of  London,  &c.  G  T./c.^lo. 

There  is  a  good  portraii;  of  him  at  Wrox- 
ton. 

George  Mountaigne,bi{hop  almoner,  to  James 
J.  received  his  education  at  Qiieen's  College  in 
Cambridge.  He  was  fome  time  divinity  lec- 
turer at  Grcfham  College,  and  afterwards  mailer 
of  the  Savoy.  When  the  famous  Neyle  was 
promoted  to  the  billiopric  of  Litchfield  and 
Coventry,  he  fucceeded  him  in  the  deanry  of 
Weftminiter.  He  was  fuccelTively  bifhop  of 
Lincoln,  London,  and  Durham  •,  and  in  1628,  Tr.  to 
fucceeded  Tobic  Matthew  in  the  fee  of  York^YX^^ezj, 
and  died  the  fame  year,  in  the  fixtieth  year  of 
his  age.  He  was  buried  at  Cawood  in  York- 
fhire,  the  place  of  his  naiivity. 

JACOBUS  MOUNTAGU,  (or  Mon- 
tagu) epifcopus  Winton.  In  the  ^^  Heroologia  \* 
Zvo.    A  copy  in  BoiJJard. 

James  Montagu;  z^to, 

James,  fon  of  Sir  Edward  Mountagu  of  Bough-  Tr.'rrom 
ton,  and  brother  to  the  lord  chief  juftice  of  the  weiisroft* 
King's  Bench  in  this  reign.     He  was  educated  ^^^^-^     - 
at  Chrift's  College,  in  Cambridge,  and  was  the 
firft  mailer  of  Sidney  College  in  that  univerfity, 
to  which  he  was  a  great  benefactor.     He  may 

attended  him,  to  bring  him  fomething  to  mark  a  particular  fpot. 
The  man  took  up  a  fragment  of  a  tomii,  which  lay  among  the 
ruins,  upon  which  was  infcribed  *•  Rellugain;"  "I  (hall  rife 
*'  again."  Sir  Chriltopher  was  llruck  with  the  infcription,  the 
moment  lie  faw  it,  and  interpreted  it  as  a  good  omen.  The  event 
was  anl'werable,  as  he  lived  to  fee  the  church  finifhed  ||.  I  con- 
jecture, that  this  was  part  of  the  ftone  under  which  bifhop  King 
was  buried  ;  and  my  conjecture  is  more  than  probable,  as  this 
ivord  occurs  in  no  other  epitaph  in  Dugdale's  "  Hiltory  of  St, 
*>'  Paul's." 

Jl  See  Wren's  "  Puentalia,"  or  <'  London  and  its  Environs  defcribed." 

indeed 


346  The    HISTORY        JamesI, 

indeed  he  traced  through  all  his  preferments  by 
his  public  benefadions,  and  a6ts  of  munificence. 
He  was  at  the  expenceof  bringing  a  rivulet  into 
the  town  of  Cambridge,  through  King's  Ditch  ; 
■which,  before  it  was  cleanfed  for  this  purpofe, 
■was  a  great  nuifance  to  that  place.  He  laid  out 
large  fums  in  repairing  and  beautifying  the 
church  and  epifcopal  palace  at  Wells  ;  and  in 
finifhing  the  church  at  Bath,  which  Oliver  Kmg 
his  predecelTor  had  begun,  and  which  for  near- 
a.  century  had  the  appearance  of  a  ruin.  While 
he  fat  in  the  fee  at  Wincheller,  he  was  employ- 
ed in  his  elaborate  edition  of  king  James's  works 
in  Latin.  OL  20  July,  1618,  111  80.  He  lies 
buried  in  the  Abbey  Church  at  Bach,  svhere  a 
fplendid  monument  was  erected  to  his  merno- 

LANCELOTUS  ANDREWS,  epif- 
copus  Winton.  J.  Payne  f.  Fronlifpiece  to  his 
*'  EKpofition  of  the  'Ten  Commandments  \  fol.  This  is 
copied  by  R.  JVhite^  in  i2mo. 

Lancelot,  bifhop  of  Winchefter,  &c.  Faughm 
fc.  4/^. 

Lancelot  Andrews,  &c.  Hollar  f.  iimo. 
In  hiJJjop  Sparrow's  "  Rationale  of  the  Co7nmon  Pray-^ 
**  er  i"  in  which  are  fever al  other  heads  by  Hollar* 

Lancelot  Andrews,  &c.  Logganfc.  1675. 

Lancelotus  Andrews,  &c.  prontijpiece  to. 
his  ^^  Devotions -y"  i^vo, 

"  If  ever  any  merited  to  be 

'*  The  uniyerfal  bifhop,  this  was  he; 

**  Great  Andrews,  who  the  whole  vafl  fea  did 

"  drain 
"  Of  learning,  and  diftill'd  it  in  his  brain : 

Thefc 


Class  IV.        of    ENGLAND.  347 

,"  Thefe  pons  drops  are  of  the  pureft  kind  *, 
"  Which    trickiiid    from    the   limbeck  of  his 
"  r:iind." 

This  pious  and  very  learned  prelate,  who  yr.  from 
may  be  ranked  with  the  bed  preachers,  and  ^'y-  ^«''' 
completeft  Icholars  of  his  age,  appeared  to  ^  ^  ' 
much  greater  advantage  in  the  pulpit,  than  he 
does  now  in  his  works  -,  which  abound  with 
Latin  quotations,  and  trivial  witticifms  +.  He 
Vv'as  a  man  of  polite  manners,  and  lively  con- 
verfution  ;  and  could  quote  Greek  and  Latin 
authors,  or  even  pun,  with  kingf"  James.  Charles, 
the  Ion  of  that  monarch,  a  little  before  his  death, 
recommended  his  lermons  to  the  perufal  of  his 
children.  Bifliop  Andrews  is  foppofed  to  have 
had  a  confiderable  hand  in  the  book  of  Chro- 
nology publifhed  by  the  famous  Ifaacfon,  who 
was  his  amanuenfis.'  Oif.  21  Sept.  1626,  JSt.  -}i, 
BiTiiop  Buckeridge,  in  a  fermon  preached  at 
his  funeral,  informs  us,  that  he  underilood  fif- 
teen languages  J;  and  jutlly  obferves,  that  all 
the  places  where  he  had  preferments  were  the 
better  for  him.  It  is  certain,  that  he  refufed  to 
accept  of  any  bifhopric  in  the  reign  of  Eliza- 
beth, becaufe  he  would  not  bafeiy  lubniic  to  an 
alienation  of  the  epifcopal  revenues  j]. 

*  Here  witticifnn  and  conceit  would  be  extremely  abfurd,as  the 
greateft  purity  and  fimplicity  of  language  are  h;ghly  proper,  when 
we  fpeak  of,  or  to,  the  Deity. 

-f- No  fpecies  of  compofition,  except  poetry,  has  been  more  im- 
proved fince  tiie  reign  of  James  I.  than  (ennons.  There  is  a 
much  greater  difpanty  betwixt  our  bell  modern  difcowrfes  and 
tliofe  of  bilhop  Aiuirews,  than  betwixt  the  lermons  of  that  pre- 
late and  thofe  of  Lntimer. 

J  John  Boyfe,  his  contempoiary,  (lyles  him,  '•'  In  Hnguis  Mi- 
thridates,  iu  Artibus  Ariltoteles." 

II  See  an  anfwer  to  a  letter  written  at  Oxford,  and  fuperfcribed 
to  Dr.  Samuel  Turner,  concerning  the  church  and  the  revenues 
thereof,  ^to  pamphlet,  p.  33, 

GER- 


343  The    HISTORY        James  T, 

G  E  R  V  A  S  I  U  S   B  A  E I N  U  T  O  N,  epil- 
copus  Wigornienfis,  Ht.  ^^. 

**  Non  melior,  non  integrior,  non  ciiltior  alter, 
*'  Vir,  Prscful,  Pr£eco,  More,  Fide,  arte,  fuit : 
"  Ofque  probum,   vultufque  gravis,   p'-Ctur.jue 

"  ferenum  : 
"  Alme  Deus,  tales  prsfice  ubique  Gregi/* 

M.  S. 

Ren.  Eljiracke  fc.  Frontifp.  to  his  IVorks^fol.  1615, 
The  verfes  were  written  by  Miles  Smith,  bijhop  of 
GlocefieVy  who  wrote  the  preface.  He  was  a'.Jo  au- 
thor of  the  preface  to  the  Bible  new  in  life. 

Gervasius  Babington,  &c.     In  the  "  Heroo- 
«  logia  i"  %'vo. 

Gervasius  Babington,   &c.     In  Boiffard;   it 
is  copied  from  Elfiracke. 
Tr.  from  Gervafe  Babington   was  feme  time  chaplain 

^xiter,  j-Q  Henry,  earl  of  Pembroke,  and  was  fuppofed 

to  have  ajTifted  his  countefs  in  her  tranflation  of 
the  Pfalms  *.  He  left  his  books,  which  were 
of  confiderable  value,  to  the  library  of  the  ca- 
thedral of  Worcefter.  His  works  confift  of 
notes  on  the  Pentateuch,  expofnions  of  the 
Creed,  and  the  Ten  Commandments,  and  fe- 
veral  fermons.  His  ftyle  is  not  free  from  fuch 
puerilities  as  are  found  in  mofl:  of  the  beft  writ- 
ers of  this  age.    O/^'.  17  May,  1 610. 

J  O  H  A  N  N  E  S   J  E  G  O  N,  C.  C.  C.  C. 

Cuftos  Epif.  Norv.  ]Ei,  50,  1661.     Etched  by  Mr» 
Tyfon,    He  .is  reprefcnted  in  his  dcdcr's  robes,  but 
placed  here  as  bijhop  of  T^orwich. 
Confecrat-  ^^i".  John  Jegon  luccteded  Dr.  Copcot  in  the 

erirgFeb.  mafterlhip  of  Corpus  Chrifli  College,  in  Cam- 
bridge, the  loth  of  Auguftj  1590*  where  he 
foon  fignalized  himfelf  by  that  juft  ceconomy 
and  fingular  prudence  which   gained  him  the 

•  Ballard. 

efleem 


Class  IV.       o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  349 

efteem  of-  the  fociety  over  which  he  prefided. 
Hence  it  was  that  they  confiderably  augmented 
his  ialary  and  fee  for  preaching.  He  was,  in 
five  years,  four  times  vice-chancellor  of  the 
iiniverfity  •,  in  which  office  he  a6ted  mth  abi- 
lity and  fpirit.  Being  appealed  to,  in  a  con- 
troverted eledion  of  a  Mailer  of  Catharine  Hall, 
he  boldly  and  uprightly  gave  his  opinion  con- 
trary to  that  of  the  queen  and  the  archbifhop  of 
Canterbury.  As  a  bidiop,  he  diftinguifhed 
himfelf  by  his  zeal  for  conformity,  and  the  ex- 
atft  management  of  his  revenues,  by  which  he 
was  enabled  to  purchafe  a  very  confiderable 
eftate,  and  to  enrich  his  family.  This  in  the 
latter  part  of  his  life,  fee.'ns  to  have  been  the 
principal  object  of  his  attention.  He  deceafcd 
the  thirteenth  of  March,  161 7.  He  was  thought 
to  have  died  too  rich  for  a  bifliop,  and  to  have 
e^^pended  too  little  of  his  ample  fortune  in  afls 
of  charity.  The  ftation  in  which  he  appeared 
to  the  greateft  advantage,  was  that  of  mafter  of 
his  college,  where  he  difplayed  all  the  difcretion 
and  gravity  which  was  fuitable  to  the  chara6ler 
of  a  governor,  and  all  that  pleafantry  and  fa- 
cetioufnefs  which  could  recommend  him  as  an 
agreeable  companion.  See  more  of  him  in 
Mafters's  *'  Hiftory  of  Corpus  Chrifti  Col- 
<'  lege." 

HENRY  ROBINSON,  bifliop  of  Car-  confirmed 
lifle;  a  monumental  effigy,  infcribed,   "  Henrico  '^p  J"'^' 
"  Robinfono   Carleolenfi,    CoHegii    hujus,    annis  ^^^  ' 
"  XVill.  praspofito  providiffimo,  tandemque  ec- 
"  clefiDe  Carleolenfis  totidem  annis  epifcopo  vigi- 
'«  lantilTimo :  XIII  Cal.  Julii,  anno  a  partu  Vir- 
"  ginis   16 16,  JEz^t.  630.  pie  in  Domino  dormi- 
**  enti,   et  in  ecclefia  Carleol.  fepulto  :    Hoc  Coll. 
«*  ipfius  laboribus  veftitate  ereptum,   munificen- 

»'  tia 


350  The    HISTORY        James  i; 

*'  tia  demum  locupletatum,  iftud  qualecunque 
*'  MNHMEION  gratitudinis  Teftimonium  collo- 
*'  cavit  *  *  *. 

**  Non  fibi,  fed  patrlce,   praeluxit  lampadls  ih- 

"  ftar ; 
*^  Deperdens  oleum,  non  cperam  ille  fuam. 
*'  In  minimis  fido  fervo,  majoribiis  apto, 
"  Maxima  nunc  Domini  gaudia  adirc  datur." 

He  is  reprcfented  kneeling  with  a  candle  in  his  right 
hand,  and  a  crofur  refling  on  his  left  arm ;  with  fe- 
I'eral  emblematical  figures,  tinder  the  prints  in  the 
hand  zvriting  of  Mr.  Mores,  an  ingenious  antiquary^ 
late  of  ^iteen''s  College,  Oxford,  is  this  infcription ; 
**  ^or.d.  in  vet.  Capella  Coll.  Reg,  Oxon."  fheet, 

Henry  Robinfon  was  a  native  of  Carlifle.  In 
1 58 1,  he  was  unanimouOy  eledled  provofb  of 
Qiieen's  College,  in  Oxford,  at  the  head  of 
which  he  continued  about  eighteen  years,  and 
by  his  example  and  authority  reflored  its  difci- 
pline,  and  left  it  in  a  rncll  fiourifiiing  ftate, 
when  he  was  defervedly  promoted  to  the  fee  of 
.  Carline.  Pie  was  eminent  in  the  univerfity  as 
a  dilputant  and  a  preacher. 

FRANCISCUS   GODWIN,  epifcopus 

Landavenfis,  Mt.  ^i,  1613;  ^^^'"^^^^  fi'  1742, 
b.A 

Francis  Godwin  was  a  learned  divine,  and  a 
celebrated    hifiorian  and  antiquary.     His  labo- 
rious and   uleful  ''  Catalogue  of  the  Bifhops  ot 
England,"   firft  publifiied  in   1601,  was  gene- 
Confec  ""^^'y  apP''0'^*^d.     It  was  for  this  valuable  work. 

Oft.  i6oi.       that  queen  Elizabeth,   who  knew  how  to  dif- 
tinguifh  merit,  promoted  him  to  the  biOiopric 

of 


Class  IV.       o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  351 

of  Landaff.  Dr.  Richardfon  has  publlflied  an  im- 
proved and  elegant  edition  of  this  book.  In  his 
younger  years,  he  wrote  his  "  Man  in  the  Moon, 
"  or  a  Difcourfe  of  a  Voyage  thither,  by  Do- 
"  mingo  Gonfales,  1638  ;"  8vo.  This  philofo- 
phic  romance,  which  has  been  feveral  times 
printed,  fhews  that  he  had  a  creative  genius*. 
His  "  Nuncius  inanimatus,"  which  contains  in- 
ftruflions  to  convey  fecret  intelligence,  is  very 
fcarce.    Ob.  April,  1633. 

LANCELOT  ANDREWS,  epifcopus 
Elyenfis,  &c.  1616;  4/<?.  By  Simon  Pafs^  but 
without  his  name.  There  is  another  of  him,  looking 
to  the  left.,  by  the  fame  hand.,  and  with  the  fame  date, 
infcribed  "  Epifcopus  Winton."  ^to. 

The  former  has  been  copied  by  Vertue.  See 
Lancelot  bifhop  of  Winchefter. 

JOHN  OVERALL,  biihop  of  Norwich, 
Bollar  f.  1657,  \^mo.  hi  Sparrow^ s  "  Ratio- 
nale,"  Qc. 

Johannes  Overall,  &c.    JR,.  White  fc.  ^to. 

John  Overall  was  educated  in  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  and  was  thence  elefted 
to  the  mafterlhip  of  Catharine  Hall,  in  that 
univerfity.  Sir  Fulke  Grevile,  who  was  well 
acquainted  with  his  learning  and  merit,  recom* 

•  Domingo  Gonzales,  a  little  Spaniard,  is  fuppofed  to  be  (liip- 
■wrecked  on  an  uninhabited  ifland  ;  where  he  taught  feverel  gan- 
7,as,  or  wild  geefi-,  to  fly  with  a  light  machine,  and  to  fetch  and 
carry  things  for  his  conveniency.  He,  after  fome  time,  ventured 
to  put  himfelf  into  the  machine,  and  they  carrid  him  with  "reat 
eafe.  He  happened  to  be  in  this  aerial  chariot,  at  the  time  of  the 
year  when  thefe  ganzas,  which  were  birds  of  paflage,  took  their 
flight  to  the  moon,  and  was  direftly  carried  to  that  planet.  He 
has  given  a  very  ingenious  defcription  of  what  occurred  to  him 
on  his  way,  and  the  wondejful  things  which  he  law  there.  Dr. 
Swift  I'eems  to  have  borrovyed  feveial  hints  from  this  novel,  in 
his  voyas^e  to  Lajm:  t. 

mended 


352  The    HISTORY      James  L 

mended  him  to  queen  Elizabeth,  as  a  proper 
perfon  to  fucceed  Dr,    Nowell,  in  the  deanery 
of  Sr.  Paul's,  to  which  he  was  elected  in  May, 
Conrec,  1602.    In   1 61 4,   he   was  promoted  to  the  bi- 

^^'*'  fhopric  of  Litchfield  and  Coventry,  whence  he 

Tr.  to  Nor-  was  tranOatcd  to  Norwi'ch,  and  died  within  a 
wirh,  Sept.  year  af'ter  his  tranflation,  12  May,  16 19.  He 
was  one  of  the  trandators  of  the  Bible,  in  this 
reign  *.  I  have  heard  of  none  of  his  works 
belides,  but  his  "  Convocation  Book."  Cam- 
den, in  his  **  Annals  of  Jarnes  1."  fbyles  him  a 
prodigious  lenrned  n^an* 

ROBERT  US   AEBATTUS,  epifcopus 

Salifburienfis ;  Delaramfc.  ^to.  A  copy^  in  Boif- 
fard. 

RoBERTUs  A3EATUS,  cpifcopus  Sarum ;  ^vo. 
In  the  "  Hsroolczici.''^ 

Robert  Abbat  ;  i&^to. 

ronfec.  3.  Robert  Abbot,  elder  brother  to  George,  arch- 

Dec.  1615.  bilhop  of  Canterbury,  and  in  learning  much 
his  fuperior,  was  fome  time  mafter  of  Baliol 
College  in  Oxford,  and  Regius  profeffor  of  di- 
vinity in  that  univerfity.  In  1615,  he  was, 
for  his  great  merit,  preferred  to  the  fee  of  Sa- 
lifbury.  The  moft  celebrated  of  his  v^^ritings, 
which  are  chiefly  controverfial,  was  his  book 
'*  De  Antichrifto."  King  James  commanded 
his  "  Paraphrafe  on  the  Apocalypfe"  to  be 
printed  with  the  fecond  edition  of  his  work-,  by 
which  he  paid  himfclf  a  much  greater  compli- 
ment, than  he  did  the  billiop.  Oh.  2  Mar. 
161 7,  JEt,  58.  He  was  one  of  the  five  bifhops 
who  within  fix  years,  fat  in  the  chair  of  Salif- 
bury,  in  this  reign. 

•  See  the  names  of  the  tranft:\tors,  and  the  parts  afli^ned  them, 
in  the  "  Biographia,"  Aitic.  Boys. 

ARTHU- 


Class  IV.       of    ENGLAND.  555 

ARTHURUS  LAKE,  olim  eplfc.  Ba- 
thon.  et.  Wellenf.  &c.  J.  Payne  fc.  h.  jh.  A  copy, 
in  BoiJ/ard.  li  has  alfo  been  copied  by  Hollar^  in  ^to. 
His  head  is  before  his  works^  Jol.  1629. 

Arthur  Lake,  brother  to  Sr  Thomas  Lake,  ^ec'^i'^eie 
principal  fecretary  of  ftare  to  James  I.  was 
educated  at  New  College  in  Oxford.  In  the 
beginning  of  this  reign,  he  was  preferred  to  the 
rich  mafterfhip  of  the  hofpital  of  St.  Crofs, 
near  Winchefter.  He  was  afterwards  archdea- 
con of  Surry,  and  dean  of  Worcefter ;  and  in 
16 1 6,  he  fucceeded  billiop  Montague  in  the  fee 
of  Bath  and  Wells.  Several  writers  fpeak  of 
him  as  a  pattern  of  every  kind  of  virtue.  He 
was  an  excellent  preacher,  of  extenfive  reading 
in  divinity,  and  one  of  the  beft  textuaries  of 
his  tin:ie.  His  works,  which  v/ere  publifhed 
after  his  deceafe,  confifl  of  expofitions  of  feve- 
ral  of  the  Pfalms,  fermons  and  meditations. 
Vb.  4  May,  1626,  JiL  ^g. 

He  was  a  confiderable  benefasflor  to  the  li- 
brary of  New  College,  where  he  endowed  two 
kcturefhips,  one  of  the  Hebrew  language,  and 
another  for  the  mathematics"^. 

GEORGIUS  CAR  LET  ON  US,  cplf- 
copus  Ciceftrienfis;   ^to. 

li  is  the  original  of  the  next  print y  and  is  prefixed 
to  his  *'  Thankful  Remembrance  of  God's  Mercie^'* 
1630.  This  and  the  other  prints  in  the  fame  book 
were  engraved  by  Frederic  Hufius. 

Georgius  Carletonus,  &c.  at  his  breaji 
hangs  a  tiiedal  of  the  fynod  of  Dort.  In  Boifjard ; 
fmall  ^to. 

George  Carleton  was  educated  under  the  care  CciCec. 
of  Bernard  Gilpin,  the  famous  northern  apodle.  ]^'^'''  '6«2. 

•  Richardfon's  "  Godwin,"  p.  391.  l>cpt.  1619. 

Vol.  L  a  a  His 


354  TheHISTORY        James  I. 

His  parts  were  fiiining  and  folid  •,  and  wore, 
wirhoiic  any  ienfible  diminution,  to  an  ad- 
vanced age.  He  diftinguifhed  himfelf  whilft 
he  was  at  Oxford,  as  a  logician,  an  orator,  and 
a  poet ;  and  was  ilill  more  diflinguirhed  as  a 
divine.  He  perhaps  wrote  upon  a  greater  va- 
riety of  fubjecls,  than  any  other  clergyman  of 
his  time  :  of  thefe  the  Oxford  antiquary  has 
jiiven  us  a  catalogue.  He  was  deeply  engaged 
in  the  Arminian  controverfy,  and  was  one  of 
the  five  divines  fent  to  the  fynod  of  Dorr,  by 
James,  where  he  maintained  that  the  bifhops 
were  fucceffors  to  the  twelve  apoilles,  and  the 
prefbyters  to  the  feventy  difciples.  His  elc^gant 
oration  before  the  Stares  of  Holland,  is  in  print. 
His ''Thankful  Remembrance  of  God's  Mercy," 
&c.  has  gone  through  more  editions  than  any 
of  his  works.  In  the  fourth,  printed  in  4to. 
1630,  are  a  feries  of  upwards  of  twenty  fmall 
hiftorical  prints,  chiefly  relating  to  the  plots 
and  confpiracies  againft  the  church  and  date,  in 
the  reigns  of  Elizabeth  and  James,  engraved 
by  Fred.  Hulfius.  Ob.  1628.  He  had  by  his 
firft  wife  Anne,  relift  of  Sir  Henry  Neville,  of 
Billingbere,  in  Berfl-iPnire,  a  fon  naintd  Henry, 
who  was  an  aniiepifcopalian,  and  had  a  caprain's 
commiflion  in  the  parliament  army,  in  the  ci- 
vil war. 

JOHANNES  (WILLIAMS),  Lin- 
coln, epifcop.  Magni  Angliec  iigiili  cuftos,  &:c. 
F,  Delaram  fc.   Otnamcjils  ;    h.  JIj,  fcarce. 

Johannes  Williams,  EpilV.  Line.  Sold  by 
Jenncr.    The  criginal  of  Boijja'rd's  cop)\  ^^to. 

Joannes  Gulielmus,  &c.  in  Boijjard;  fmall 
j\to. 

Bifnop  W^illiams  feems  to  have  owed  his  firfl 
Nov.  i6ii.      preferment,   and  to  that  his  fucceeding  digni- 
ties. 


Class  V.  o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  315 

ties,  to  his  magnificent  and  well  condufled  en- 
tertainment of  the  lord-chancellor  Egerton,  and 
the  Spanifh   ambsffadors,    during   his   procTror- 
Ihip,  at  Cambridge.     The  chancellor  told  him,  Made  w. 
*'  that  he   was  fit   to  ferve  a   king;"  and  foon  '^^^p^^ '« 
after  recommended   him  at  court.    Lord  Cla-  ^"'^'  '^''' 
rendon    has  given  us   a  more    difadvantageous, 
but  probably  a  truer  charafter  of  him,  than  bi- 
Jhop  Hacker,  who   was   his   chaplain  ;    as   the 
probity  of  the  former  is  lefs   to  be  fufpe^ed, 
than  the  partiality  of  the  latter.     Both  thefe  au- 
thors  have   given   us   to    underlland,    that   his 
parts,  v/hatever  his  principles  might  be,   were 
very   extraordinary  ;    and   his    conftitution   ftill 
more  extraordinary  than  his  parts;  as  he  could 
apply  himfelf  to  ftudy  or  bufinefs,  and  fupport 
his   health,   with  only   three  hours  fleep.     He 
was  at  firft  defpifed  by  the  lawyers,  in  his  office 
of  lord-keeper;   but  was  foon  admired  for  his 
deep   penetration,  folid  judgment,  and  reten- 
tive memory  ;  which   enabled  him  to  recapitu- 
late any  caufe  tried  before  him,  without  lofino- 
a  circumftance.    See  the  next  reign,  Clafs  VI.  ° 


A  SCOTCH   PRELATE. 

PATRICIUS  FORBESIUS,  aCoirfe, 
epifcopus  Aberdonenfis,  confiliarius  Te<y[s. 

"  Pedtoris  indiciodata  frons  eft;  qu^que  profundo 
*'  Corde  latent,  tacitis  reddit  imago  notis. 
**  Hoc  vuku  pietas,  probiras,  conftantia,  candor, 
*'  Sinceri  referunt  archetypos  animi." 

R,  G.  (Glover)  fc.  a /mail  ovaL 


A  a  2  DIGNI- 


2r,6  The    HISTORY        James  I. 


t'j 


DIGNITARIES  of  theCHURCH,  &c. 

JOHN  BOYS,   D.  D.  dean  of  Canterbury; 

four  fmall  portraits  of  him,  in  the  engraved  title  to  his 
works,  1629,  fol.  J,  Payne  fc. 

inftaiieJ,  Jo^n  Boys,  who  was  educated  at  Clare  Hall, 

May,  1619.  |j^  Cambridge,  was  famous  for  his  Poftils  in  de- 
fence of  our  Liturgy ;  and  was  alio  much 
efteemed  for  his  good  life.  He  gained  great 
applaufe  by  turning  the  Lord's  Prayer  into  the 
following  execration  ^,  when  he  preached  at 
Paul's  Crofs,  on  the  fifth  of  November,  in  this 
rei^in.  "  Our  pope,  which  art  in  Rome,  curled 
*'  be  thy  name  -,  perifh  .may  thy  kingdom  ; 
*'  hindred  may  thy  will  be  as  it  is  in  heaven, 
*f  fo  in  earth.  Give  us  this  day  our  cup  in  the 
"  Lord's  Supper;  and  remii  our  monies  which 
"  we  have  given  for  thy  indulgences,  as  we  fend 
"  them  back  unto  rhee  ;  and  lead  us  n'jt  into 
*'  herefy,  but  free  us  from  miftrry  :  for  thme 
"  is  the  infernal  pitch  and  lulphur,  for  ever 
<'  and  ever.     Amen  f."     Oi'.  Sept.  1625. 

JOHN  DONNE,  dean  of  St.  Pau^s,  ^/. 
42.  M.  Mcrianjun.jc.  Frontifp,  to  his  Sermons-, 
jol.  1640. 

John  Donne,  &c.    Logganfc. 

*  See  Boys  on  the  hft  Pfalm,  p.^t. 

f  Polemical  divinity,  which  is  foinetimes  ftyled  "  Theologia 
arniata  11,"  wns  never  more  enc  )iira:;ed,  or  t>  ttcr  dilc';)liiied, 
than  at  this  period.  Ahnoft  cveiy  liivinc  attackd  he  pope,  or 
one  of  his  champions;  and  the  molt  intemperate  ra,^e  agtinit  the 
enemy  was  generally  the  molt  apolauded.  The  kmg  contrived 
an  excellent  expedient  to  perpetuate  holtilities,  hy  erertmg  a 
college  fortius  branch  of  theology  at  Chelfea,  where  he  ap^>oint- 
ed  veterans  for  training  up  young  divines  to  the  fervice, 

IJ  By  bifliop  Bull,  &c. 

John 


Class  IV.      o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  35; 

John  Donne  entered  into  holy  orders  by  theEieaed 
perluafion  of  James   I.    who   often    exprefled  J'^^";g'!j';* 
great  fatisfadion  in  his  having  been  the  means 
of   introducing  fo    worthy    a   perfon    into  the 
church.     We  hear  much  of  him  as  a  poet,  buc 
very  little  as  a  divine,  though  in  the  latter  cha- 
racter he  had  great  merit.     His  "  Pfeudo  mar- 
tyr," in  which  he  has  effedualiy  confuted  the 
dodrine  of  the   papal  fupremicy,   is  the  mofb 
valuable  of  his   profe   writings.     His  fermons 
abound  too  much  with  the  pedantry  of  the  time 
in  which  they  were  written,  to  be  at  all  efteem- 
ed  in  the  prcfcnt  age.     Some   time   before  his 
death,  when  he  was  emaciated  with  ftudy,   and 
ficknefs,   he  caufcfd  himlclf  to   be   wrapped  up 
in  a  (heet,   Vv'hich  was  gathered  over   his   head, 
in  the  manner  of  a  fhroud  ;   and  having  clofedl 
his  eyes,  he  had  his  portrait  taken  y   which  was 
kept  by  his  bed-fide,  as  long  as  he  lived,    to 
remind    him  of  mortality.     The  effigy  on  his 
monument,  in  St.  Paul's  church,  was  done  after 
this    portrait.     See  Dugdale's   Hiftory   of  that 
cathedral,  p.  62.     Ob.  31  March,  1631. 

FRANCISCUS  WHITE,  S.  T.  P.  et 
ecclefise  cathedralis  Carleolenfis  decanus  j  ^t.  59, 
1624.     T.  Cockjonus  fc.  ^to. 

There  are  two  other  prints  of  him  ;  oije  with 
a  Latin,  and  the  other  with  an  Englilh  diftich, 

Francis  White,  the  king's  almoner,  was  fome  i„fl^ij^^^ 
time  dean,   and  afterwards  biOiop   of  Carlifie.  162*, 
In   January,    162B,  he  v/as  tranllated  to  Nor- 
wijch;  and  on  the  fifceenth  of  November,  1631, 
v/as  eledled  to  the  fee  of  Ely,  and  confirmed  cnnfecmted 
the  eighth  of  December  following.     He  diftin-  bi(hop,  3    - 
guiQied  himfelf  by  his  writings,  and  his  dilpu- 
cations  againlt  popery,   both  in  public  and  pri- 
A  a   ;  vate. 


2-8  The    HISTORY         JamesI. 

«>  -J 

vate.  Arthur  Wilfon  mentions  a  fuhlic  confe- 
fence  and  difpute^  in  which  he  and  Dr.  Daniel 
Featly  oppofed  father  Fiflier  and  father  Sweet, 
both  Jeluits  of  eminence,  at  the  houfe  of  Sir 
Humphrey  Lind,  in  London"^.  He  alfo  held 
a  conference  with  Fifher  the  Jcfuic,  three  feve- 
r:A  times,  in  the  king's  prcfence.  This  was  with 
a  view  of  making  the  duchefs  of  Buckingham 
a  convert  to  the  Protellant  church  •,  but  flie  ftill 
adhered  to  that  of  Rome  -f.  The  moft  confider- 
able  of  Dr.  V/hite's  writings  is  his  "  Reply  to 
*'  Jefuit  Fifiier's  Anfwer  to  certain  Qiieftions 
"  propounded  by  his  moll  gracious  Majefty 
"  king  James,"  1624,  fol.  to  which  his  por- 
"  trait  is  prefixed.  Mention  is  made  of  more  of 
*'  his  works,  in  the  Bodleian  Catalogue.  Ob, 
Feb.  1637  J. 

MARCUS  ANTONIUS  DE  DOMINI>, 
archieplfccpus  Spalatenfis,  .^/.  ^y^  1617.  Michael 
a  Miercz-eh  ad  vivum  p.  IF.  Delff  fc.  a  head  \  J^to. 

Marcus  At^tgnius  de  Dominis,  &c.  Elf- 
traccke  fc.  half  length:  the  head  is  exadly  copied 
from  the  above.  Frontifp.  to  his  book  "  De  Repub- 
•  lica  Ecclefiafiica^'  1617;  fol. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  him  by  Tintoret,  atDe- 
vonfhire-houfe,  in  Piccadilly. 

inftaiw.  Marc  Antonio  de  Dominis  came  into  Eng- 

'5  ^1"^^*         land  in  this  rei,en  -,  where  he  profeffcd  the  Pro- 

•  SeeKennet's  "  Complete  Hiftory,"  ii.  p.  770, 

+  Dod's  "Cliurch  Ililtory,"  ii.  p.  394. 

t  There  is  a  print  of  John  White,  profciTor  of  divinity,  which 
belongs  to  this  reign  :  underneath  are  five  Latin  verles,  which  I 
Ihall  not  tranicribe,  as  they  would  give  the  reader  but  very  little 
infight  into  his  character.  The  verfes  are  figned  R.  B.  This 
print  was  engraved  as  a  frontifpiece  to  ♦'  The  works  of  that 
learned  and  reverend  Divine  John  White,  together  with  the  way 
to  the  true  Church,  by  Francis  White,  D.  D.  Dean  of  Carlifle," 
1624.,  fol. 

teftant 


Class  IV.         o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  359 

teftant  religion,  and  publiflied  his  book,  "  De 
*'  Repubiica  Ecclefiaftica.'*  The  king  gwe 
him  the  deanery  of  Windlbr,  the  mafterihip  of 
the  Savoy,  and  the  rich  living  of  V/tft  Ildefley,  in 
Berkfhire.  Though  the  publ  cation  of  his  book 
was  a  crime  never  to  be  forgiven,  he  was  weak 
enough  to  give  credit  to  a  letter  fent  him  by  the 
procurement  of  Gondamor,  which  not  only  pro- 
mifed  him  pardon  but  preferment,  if  he  would 
renounce  his  new  religion.  He  returned  to 
Italy,  relapfed  to  the  church  of  Rome,  and  was 
prefently  after  imprifoned  by  the  inquifition. 
Grief  and  hard  treatment  foon  put  an  end  to 
his  life,  in  the  year  1605,  and  the  64th  ot  his 
age.  He  was  the  firll  that  accounted  for  the 
phcenomena  of  the  rainbow,  in  his  book  •'  De 
Radiis  Vifus  et  Lucis."  We  are  much  in- 
debted to  him  for  father  Paul's  excellent  ''Hif- 
tory  of  the  Council  of  Trent,"  the  manufcript 
of  which  he  procured  for  archbifliop  Abbot. 

RICHARD  MIDDLETON;  a  fmall 
round :  in  the  title  to  his  "  Key  of  David^^'  i6ic^ , 
1 2  mo. 

He  Is  fuppofed  by  Anthony  Wood  to  be  a 
fon  of  Marmaduke  Middleton,  bifiiop  of  St. 
David's;  and  to  have  been  archdeacon  of  Car- 
digan. He  was  author  of  feveral  little  pradli- 
cal  treatifes,  one  of  which  was  entitled,  "•  The 
"  Card  and  Compafs  of  Life  " 

WILLIAM     ALABASTER,    D.  D. 

prebendary  of  St.  Paul's.    See  the  next  reign.. 

ANDREW  W  I  L  L  E  T,  D.  D.  ruff  and 
tippet. 

Andreas  Willettus,  S.  T.  D.fx  Latin  verfes, 
fuhfcribed  P.  S.  h.fi. 

A  a  4  Andrew 


2^60  The    HISTORY         James  L 

Andrew  Willet,  redor  of  Barley  in  Hert- 
fordfhire,  and  prebendary  of  Ely,  was  educate 
ed  at  Peter  Houfc  in  Cambridge.  He  gave  a 
public  telliniony  of  his  proficiency  in  learning, 
when  he  was  onlv  twenty-two  years  of  age,  by 
his  treatife  "  De  Anims  Natura  et  Viribus.'- 
He  was  author  of  no  leis  than  torty  books,  of 
which  the  moft  confideraole  are  his  Cornmenta* 
ries  on  the  Scnptu'es,  and  his  polemical  pieces. 
His  "  Synopfis  Papifmi,"  the  fifth  edirion  of 
which  was  printed  by  command  of  James  I. 
gained  him  the  higheft  reputation  of  any  of  his 
works.  His  indurtry  is  evident  from  his  nu- 
merous writings;  but  his  chriftian  and  moral 
virtues  w^re  not  exceeded  by  his  induftry.  Ob, 
1 62 1,  JEt.  59.  See  a  particular  account  of 
him  from  Dr.  Smith,  in  Barkfdale^s  ''  Remem- 
brancer of  excellent  Men,"  1 670  ;  8  vo. 

JOHN  PRESTON,  D.D.    See  the  next 


RICHARD  SIBBES,  preacher  at  Gray?s 
Inn.     See  the  next  reign. 

THOMAS  TAYLOR,  D.  D.  See  the 
next  reign. 

HENRY  AIRAY,  km  e  ling  on  a  pedejial^, 
on  "dohich  is  the  followmg  wf.ription:  "  Memorifq 
**  viri  fanditate  et  prudentia  clariffimi  Henrici 
*'  Airay,  S.  Theol.  D.  hujus  Collegii  praspofiti 
*'  vigilantis,  reverendi  Robinfoni  ^  (ut  Elis  Eli- 
**  flia)  fuccefforis  et  semuli.  CharilT.  patruelis, 
"  Chriftoph.  Potter  hujus  Coll.  Socius,  hoc  amo- 
t^  ris  et  obfervantiae  teitimonium  L.  M.  Q^pofuit. 

•  See  tlie  firft  divifion  of  this  Clafs. 

f*  Non 


Class  IV.      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  361 

"  Non  fatis  Elilhae  eft  Eliac  palla  relida, 
f«  Dum  (licet  in  ccelum  raptos)  amicus  abeft. 
"  Triftis  agit,  qusenrqu'^  aniilTum  turtuns  inftar 
<«  Confo;  tern,  ac  aioriens,  *'  te  lequar/'orbus  ait. 
**  Splendeat  ut  mundo  pietas  in;irabiiis  Ayrie, 
*'  In  laudem  Chrifti,  hoc  ceri;  perennis  erit. 

Matth.  5.  i^. 
"  Mortalitatem   exult,   A^.   1616,  6°  Id9.  Oa. 

*'  natus  An.  57,  et  hie  iepul.  alierum  Meffias  ad- 

."  ventum  expedac." 

Under  this  print  is  this  infcription,  in  manufcript,  by 
Mr. Mores :  "  ^ond.  in  vet»Capella  ColLReg.Oxon»*'Jh. 

Henry  Airay,  who  fuccceded  Dr.  Henry  Ro- 
binfon  in  the  provoftfliip  of  Queen's  College, 
in  Oxford,  was  born  in  Weftmoreland,  and 
educated  by  the  care,  and  under  the  patronage 
of  Bernard  Gilpin,  well  known  by  the  appel- 
lation of  the  Northern  Apoftle.  He  was  a 
conftant  and  zealous  preacher  at  Oxford,  efpe- 
cially  at  St.  Peter's  in  the  Eaft.  His  principal 
work  is  a  *'  Courfe  of  Leftures  on  St.  Paul's 
Epiftle  to  the  Philippians."  He  was  one  of 
thofe  Calvinifts  who  wrote  againft  bowing  ac 
the  name  of  Jefus  ♦,  and  was,  for  his  learning, 
gravity,  and  piety,  greatly  admired  and  rever- 
ed by  thofe  of  his  perfuafion.  Chriftopher  Pot- 
ter, his  coufin  german,  was  the  editor  of  his 
works. 

JOHN  DENISON,  D.  D. 

John  Denifon,  who  was  an  eminent  preacher 
in  this  reign,  was  educated  at  Baliol  College  in 
Oxford.  He  was  fome  time  domeftic  chaplain 
to  the  duke  of  Buckingham,  and  afterwards  to 
king  James.  It  is  probable  that  he  never  had 
any  preferment  in  the  church,  befides  the  vicar- 
age in  St.  Mary's  in  Reading;   which  he  held, 

together 


362  The    HISTORY         James  L 

together  viith  the  frec-fchool  there.  His  pre- 
deceflbr  in  the  employment  of  fchoolmader 
was  Andrew  Bird,  and  his  fuccefibr  William 
Page.  He  publifhed  many  fermons,  and  feve- 
ral  pieces  of  pradical  divinity  and  controverly. 
The  moll  confiderable  of  his  works  Teems  to 
have  been  his  book  in  Latin,  on  auricular  con- 
feaion,  which  is  a  confutation  of  the  arguments 
of  Bellarmine  on  that  fubjedl.    Ob.  Jan.  1628-9. 

WILLIAM   S  L  A  T  E  R,  D.  D.   largo 
beard',  iimo. 

Wiliiam  Slater  *,  or  Slatyer,  was  born  in 
Somerfeilliiic,  and  received  his  educarion  at 
Oxford,  where  he  took  the  degree  of  uoctor  of 
divinity  in  1623  -,  having  acq^nred  a  x^ery  con- 
fiderable reputation,  for  his  poetical  talent,  and 
his  knowledge  in  Englifn  hiitory.  He  was  au- 
thor of  Elegies  and  Epitaphs  on  Anne  of  Den- 
mark, to  whom  he  vvas  chaplain.  They  were 
written  in  Hebrew,  Greek,  J  atin  and  rnglifli; 
and  printed  in  1619.  He  alio  pub"!  ihcd  ^'Pfalms, 
"  or  Songs  of  Sion,  turned  ini;  ihe  Language 
*'  and  fet  to  the  Tunes  of  a  (Ira  v^e  Land." 
Pfalms  in  four  languages,  with  muiic.d  notes  en- 
graved on  copper  :  to  one  of  the  tunes  is  prefixed 
the  name  of  Milton,  the  father  of  our  great  poer. 
I  am  very  credibly  informed,  that  the  head  was 
placed  before  an  edition  of  this  book  dated 
1650;  but  it  is  certain,  that  it  was  not  then 
publifned  by  the  author,  who  died  at  Otterden 
in  Kent,  1647.  ^''^  '"  P-^^* Albion,  or  the 
"  Hillory  of  Great  Britain  from  the  firft  peo- 
"  pling  of  this  Ifland  to  the  Reign  of  King 
"James,"  London,  1627,  folio,  in  Latin  and 
Englifli  verfe,  is   his  capital  work  :   of  this  the 


•  So  fpelt  on  the  print ;  Wood  calls  him  Slatyer. 


EngliHi 


Class  IV/     o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  3^3 

Englifli  marginal  notes  are  the  mod  valuable 
parr.  His  Genealogy  of  king  James  deduced 
from  Adam,  is  a  laborious  trifle. 

Do61:or  SUTTON,  a  fmall  head,  in  a  jheet 
of  divine  inJlri'Mions,  entitled  "  The  Chrijiimis  Jewels 
fit  to  adorn  the  Heart,  and  deck  the  Houfe  of  every 
true  Protefiant :  taken  out  of  St.  Mary  Queries  Church, 
in  the  le&ure/hip  cf  the  late  dcceafed  Bo5lor  SuttonJ* 

Thomas  Sutton,  one  of  the  moft  eloquent 
and  admired  preachers  of  his  time,  was  born 
at  Bampton,  in  Weftmoreland,  and  educated 
at  Queen's  College,  in  Oxford.  He  was  mi- 
nifter  of  Culham,  near  Abington,  and  was  there 
much  followed  for  his  preaching,  as  he  was  after- 
wards at  St.  Majpy  Overies,  in  Southwark,  where 
he  was  ledurer.  Many  of  his  difcourles  are  in 
print,  and  fpecified  by  Mr.  Wood.  His  "Lec- 
tures on  the  nth  Chapter  to  the  Romans"  were 
publiflied  by  John  Downham  *,  who  married 
his  widow.  The  pious  author,  who  had  been 
to  "  put  the  laft  hand"  to  a  free-fchool,  which 
he  had  founded  at  his  native  place,  was,  to  the 
great  regret  of  all  that  knew  his  worth,  drown- 
ed in  his  paffage  from  Newcaftle  to  London, 
the  24th  of  Auguft,  1623.  The  flieec  in  which 
his  head  is  engraved,  leems  to  contain  fome 
paffages  which  are  taken  in  fliort-hand  from 
his  mouth,  while  he  was  preaching. 

ROBERTUS  HILL,  Theo.  Doa.  ec 
S.  Bartho.  prope  Exchange  Lond.  Paltor:  in  Si- 
mon Pafs's  manner, 

Robert  Hill,  a  man  of  learning,  induflry, 
and  piety,  and  an  eminent  preacher,  was  author 
of  leveral  books  of  pradical  divinity,  mentioned 

•  Brother  to  George,  bifhop  pfDerry. 

by 


364  T  H  E    H  I  S  T  O  R  Y      James  I; 

by  Wood  in  his  "  Fafti,"  vol.  i.  p.  167.    Ob. 
1625. 

JOHN  HART,   D.  D.   a  wooden  print  % 
large  fquare  beardy  ?>vo. 

John  Hart  was  author  of  "  The  burning 
*'  Bulh  not  confumed  ;  or  how  to  judge  whe- 
"  therone  be  the  Child  of  God  or  notj"  161 6; 
8vo. 

GILBERTUS  P  R  I  M  RO  S  I  US,  Sco- 
tus,  Ml.  52  ;  /.  E.  Lafne  fc.  8w. 

Gilbert  Primerofe,  a  Scotfman,  was  well 
known  at  this  period  for  his  learning  and  piety. 
He  was  a  confiderable  time  one  of  the  preachers 
belonging  to  the  Proteftant  church  at  Bour- 
deaux,  as  he  was  afterwards  to  that  of  the 
French  Proteftants  in  London.  He  was  chap- 
lain in  ordinary  to  the  king,  who,  in  1624,  re- 
commended him  to  the  univerfuy  of  Oxford, 
where  he  was  created  docflor  of  divinity.  In 
*  1628,  he  fucceeded  to  Dr.  John  Buckridge  in 

his  canonry  of  Windfor.  He  was  author  of  fe- 
veral  well  written  theological  books  in  the 
French  language,  fome  of  which  have  been 
tranQated  into  Latin  and  Englilh.  He  died 
in  O6i:ober,  or  November,  11642.  Mr.  Wood, 
who  has  given  us  a  detail  of  his  works,  informs 
us,  that  Gilbert  Primerofe,  ferjeant-furgeon  to 
king  James,  was  of  the  fame  family. 

ROBERT  BOLTON,  B.D.  minifter of 

God's  Word,  at  Broughton,  in  Northampton- 
fliirc',*'   izmo, 

Robert  Bolton;  J.  Payne  fc.  ^to. 

There  is  a  copy  of  this,  in  izmo,  infcribed  Robett 
Bolton,  bachelor  in  divinity. 

J^obert 


Class  IV.        of  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  365 

Robert  Bolton,  a  divine  of  puritan  princi- 
ples, was  one  of  the  greateft  fcholars  of  his 
lime,  and  very  eminent  for  his  piety.  The 
Greek  language  was  fo  familiar  f.o  him,  that  he 
could  fpeak  it  with  almoft  as  much  facility  ass 
his  mother  tongue.  In  1605,  when  king  James 
vifited  the  univerfity  of  Oxford,  he  was  ap- 
pointed by  the  vice-chancellor  to'read  in  natural 
philofophy,  and  difpute  before  him,  in  the  pub- 
lic fchools.  He  was  generally  efteemed  a  mod 
perfuafive  preacher,  and  as  judicious  a  cafuift. 
His  practical  writings  are  numerous.  His  book 
*'  On  Happinefs,"  which  has  gone  through 
many  editions,  was  the  moft  celebrated  of  his 
works.  When  he  lay  at  the  point  of  death, 
one  of  his  friends,  taking  him  by  the  hand, 
aflced  him  if  he  was  not  in  great  pain  ;  "  Truly, 
faid  he,  the  greateil  pain  that  I  feel  is  your  cold 
hand;"  and  prefently  expired.  Ob.  17  Dec. 
163 1,  ^/.  60  *. 

SAMUEL  PURCH  AS,  B.  D.  ^/.  .,8, 

1625  j  y^^<2//.     In  the  title  to  his  "•  Pilgrimes^'^   in 
Jive  vois.  foL 

Samuel  Purchas,  re6lor  of  St.  Martin's  Lud- 
gate,  and  chaplain  to  archbifnop  Abbot,  re- 
ceived his  education  in  the  univerfity  of  Cam- 
bridge. He,  with  great  pains  an;i  induftry,  en- 
larged and  perfected  Hakluyt's  "  Coliec^tion  of 
Voyages  and  Travels."  This  work  is  not  only 
valuable  for  the  various  inftruflion  and  amufe- 
ment  contained  in  it,  but  is  alfo  very  eftimable 
on  a  national,  and  I  may  add,  a  religious  ac- 

*  Neale,  who,  in  his  "  Hiftory  of  the  Puritans,"  4to.  te!ls  vis 
that  he  reconciled  himfelf  to  the  chiirch  of  Rome,  ami  repented 
of  what  he  had  done,  Teems  to  have  confounded  Boltoji  with  hi§ 
friend  Anderton.     See  Bolton's  Artie,  in  At  ben.  Oxon. 

count; 


|66  TheHISTORY         James  X. 

count*.  He  died  in  diftrefTed  circumftances, 
occafioncd  by  the  publication  of  this  book, 
J 628,  /El  51.  He  appears  to  have  been  a 
man  of  general  learning.  His  compilations  are 
in  five  volumes  folio, 

RICHAR.DUS  VVIGHTWICK,  T. 
B,  alter,  fundm.  Coll.  Pembrochiee,  1624.  J. 
Faber  f.  large  /\to.  mezz. — ^One  of  the  Set  of 
Founders,  whofe  portraits  are  at  Oxford  and  Cam- 
bridge. 

Richard  Wightgift,  redor  of  Eaft  Ildefley 
in  Berkfhire,  gave  100  1.  per  annum  to  Pem- 
broke College  in  Oxford,  for  the  maintenance 
of  three  fellov^s,  and  four  fcholars.  See  Tes- 
DALE,  Clafs  VIII. 

THOMAS  SCOTTUS,  /Et.  45,  1624: 
Cri/p.  de  Pas  del.  i^  fc.  +.    Before  his  "  Vox  Bei^'* 

Thomas  Scottus,  p;eoo;raDhus  et  theolosus 
Anglus. 

"  Qu£  Draco  J,   quxve  Magellanus  potuere 

"•  Britannis 
"  Pr<eilare,  hie  Scottus  prasftitit  ingenip." 

•  A  late  ingenious  authoi-  lias  opened  a  new  fource  of  criti- 
cifra  from  books  of  this  kind,  for  illuftrating  the  Scriptures  1|, 
His  treatife,  intitled,  "  Obfervations  on  divers  Paflages  of  Scrip- 
♦'  ture,  &c.  grounded  on  Circumftances  incidentally  mentioned 
*'  in  Books  of  Voyages  and  Travels  into  the  Eaft,"  17G4.,  8vo. 
contains  many  curious  and  ufeful  remarks,  deduced  from  the 
manners  and  cuftoms  of  theEaftern  countries. 

f  This  feems  to  be  a  prefumptive  proof  that  Crifpin  de  Pas 
was  in  England. 

J  Drake. 

11  This  ingenious  perfon  is,  as  I  am  informec),  Mr.  Thomas  Hjrmer, 
who  wrote  Rema>ks  on  the  fecundity  of  F;(he?,  printed  in  the  "  Philofo- 
"  phical  TranUc^.ion;,"  vol.  LVII.  p.  280,  &c.  It  is  ftrongly  conjeftured 
th.nt  he  alfo  wrote  "  The  Outlines  of  a  Dew  Conimeritary  on  Solomon's 
"  Song,  dfiwn  by  the  Help  of  Inftruitions  from  the  E.ift." 

In 


Class  IV.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  3^7 

In  Boijfard  •,  f?nall  ^to.  'This  print  and  the  JoUoijo- 
tng  rcprejmt  the  fame  'per f on. 

Thomas  Scott,  facr£e  theologian  baccalaurens ; 
Oh,  1626.     MarJJoallfc. 

The  verfes  under  the  head  intimate,  that  he 
wrote  a  book  to  expofe  the  treachery  of  the 
king  of  Spain,  in  his  treaties  with  Great  Britain  ; 
and  that  the  pope,  who  is  ftyled  "  Hell's  vicar- 
general,'*  was  the  original  plotter.  It  alfo  ap- 
pears, that  he  was  dabbed  by  one  Laniberr,  for 
writing  that  book.  The  head  is  probably  pre- 
fixed to  the  following  pamphlet,  mentioned  in 
the  Harlcian  Catalogue  :  "  A  Relation  of  the 
*'  Murder  of  Mr.  Thomas  Scott,  preacher  of 
"  God's  word  j"  dated  1628;  4to.  * 

ROBERT  BURTON,  or  Democritus 
junior  \  C.  le  Blon  f.  a  fmall  oval^  in  the  title  to  his 
*^  Anatomy  of  Melancholy.^"* 

Robert  Burton,  better  known  by  the  name  of 
Democritus  junior,  was  younger  Brother  to 
William  Burton,  author  of  the  *'  Defcription 
of  Leicefterfhire."  He  compiled  "  The  Ana- 
"  tomy  of  Melancholy,"  a  book  which  has  bcsii 
univerfally  read  and  admired  f.     This  work  is 

•  "  Vox  PopuVi,^''  or  count  Gondanioi's  Tranfaflions  during 
his  EmbiiHy  in  England,  part  ii.  by  T.  S.  in  ei;j;ht  flieets,  4to. 
reprinted  in  the  quarto  volume  of  the  "  Phcznix  Britannicusy^  p. 
341,  was  judged  by  Thomas  Rawlinfon,  efq.  to  be  written  by 
this  Thomas  Scot.     His  conjeflure  was  unqueftionablv  right. 

f  He  conipufed  this  bock  with  a  view  of  relieving  his  own  me- 
laiicboly  :  but  iiicreafed  it  to  fuch  a  degree,  that  nothing  coulrl 
niake  him  laugh  but  going  to  the  bridge  foot,  ami  hearing  the 
ribaldry  of  the  baigemen,  wliich  rarely  failed  to  throw  him  into 
a  violent  fit  of  laui^hter.  Before  he  was  overcome  with  this  hor- 
rid diftemper,  he,  in  the  intervals  of  his  vapours,  was  elt-eemed  one 
of  tlie  moll  facetious  companions  in  the  univerlity.  His  epitaph, 
at  Chrilt  Church,  in  Oxford,  intimates,  that  exceJlive  application 
to  his  celebrated  work,  was  the  occanon  of  his  death,  raucis  no- 
ins,  paucioribus  i^notus,  hic  jacet  Democritus  Junior,  cut  'vitarn  dedu 
fsf  mortem  melancholia, 

for 


368  T  H  E    H  I  S  T  O  R  Y      James  I. 

for  the  moft  part,  what  the  author  himfelf  ftyles 
it  *'  a  Cento  i"  but  it  is  a  very  ingenious  one. 
His  quotations,  which  abound  in  every  page, 
are  pertinent  ;  but  if  he  had  made  more  ufe  of 
his  invention,  and  lefs  of  his  common-plaCe 
book,  his  work  would  perhaps  have  been  more 
valuable  than  it  is  *.  He  is  generally  free  from 
the  affeded  language,  and  ridiculous  metaphors, 
which  difgrace  molt  of  the  books  of  his  time  -f. 
He  was  famous  for  his  fkill  in  aftrology ;  and 
is  faid  to  have  foretold  the  precife  time  of  his 
death.  It  is  certain  that  the  fame  thing  was 
reported  of  him  that  was  before  faid  of  Cardan, 
that  he  died  a  voluntary  death,  that  his  pre- 
diction might  prove  true  :  but  this  is  very  im- 
probable., Ob.  Jan.  1639.    See  Athen.  Oxon. 

RICHARD   ROGERS.     See  the  pre- 
ceding reign.  "  ' 

Mr.  S  T  O  C  K ;  under  an  arch  compofed  of  booh, 
Frontifp.  to  his  '•'' Commentary  on  Malachi^'*  1614  > 
fol 

Mr.  Stock  ;  in  Bcijfard ;  another  in  Clark's 
Lives-,  both  fmall  dfto. 

Richard  Stock,  rector  of  Allhallows,  Bread- 
flreet,  was  a  very  afiiduous  and  pathetic  preacher, 
and  of  a  moft  exemplary  life.  His  fuccefs  in 
his  miniftry  was  anlwerable  to  his  charader. 
His    "  Commentary  on  Malachi"  was  efteemcd 

•  We  are  now  freed  from  the  yoke  of  pedantry ;  and  a  man 
..may  fay  that  envy  is  a  tormenting  pafRon,  and  love  an  agreeable 
one,  without  quoting  Horace,  Ovid,  Seneca,  and  twenty  other 
potts  and  moralifts,  who  have  iaid  the  fame  thing.  The  mode 
of  citation  did  not  only  prevail  in  books,  b'lt  alio  in  common 
converfation  5  and  even  at  the  bar,  and  on  the  bench.  Sir  Ed- 
ward Coke,  in  his  fpeech  concerning  the  lurpowder  plot,  takes 
occafion  to  quote  the  Pfalmilt  and  <->vid  in  feveral  places. 

t  feon)e  inft.<nces  of  this  kind  occur  in    liis   book,  as  p.  465, 
J^Xth  edit,  he  tails  the  eyes  "  the  flioeing-horns  of  love." 

a  learned 


Class  IV.       o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  '^6g 

a  ]'-:'arned  and  ufeful  work.  Oz^.  20  April,  1626. 
Sec  Fuller's  "  Worthies,"  in  Yorkfnire,  p. 
231. 

THOMAS  WILSON;  T.  Cmfs fc,  ruff; 
Hack  cap.  Front  if  pices  to  his  Chrijiian  DitHonary  i" 
fol, 

Thomas  Wilfon,  mfnifter  of  St.  George's 
Church  in  Canterbury,  was  highly  efteemed 
for  his  learning  and  piety.  In  1614,  he  pub- 
lifhed  his  "  Commentary  on  the  Epiftle  to  the 
"  Romans,'*  which  was  generally  approved. 
His  "  Chriftian  Di(flionary,"  which  has  been 
often  printed,  feems  to  have  been  the  firft  book 
ever  compofed  in  Englifh,  by  way  of  Concord- 
ance*. He  died  in  the  latter  end  of  this  reign, 
or  in  the  beginning  of  the  next-,  as  he  is  llyled, 
*'  late  minifter,"  &c.  in  the  title  to  the  fecond 
edition  of  his  Commentary,  1627.  His  Funer- 
al Sermon,  which  is  in  print,  was  preached, 
January  25,  162 1,  by  William  Swift,  minifler 
of  St.  Andrew's  in  Canterbury,  and  great- 
grand-father  to  Dr.  Swift  -f. 

VvT  I  LL I  A  M  P  EM  B  L  E,  M.  A.  Vertue  fc. 
His  -portrait  is  in  the  right  hand  group  of  figures  in 
the  Oxford  Almanack  for  1749  ;  ^^  '-^  between  Willi- 
am  Tindali  and  Dr.  Pocock^  the  former  of  whom  holds 
a  book. 

William  Pemble,  of  Magdalen  Hall,  in  Ox- 
ford, was  a  celebrated  tutor  and  divinity  reader 
of  that  houfe,  to  which  he  was  a  fingular  orna- 
ment. His  learning  was  deep  and  extenfive, 
and  he  has  given  abundant  proofs  of  it,  in  his 
writings  on  hiftorical,  metaphyseal,  moral,  and 

•  See  the  preface  to  Cruden's  Concordance, 
f  Appendix  to  SwitVs"  Life  of  Dr.  Swsfc.'' 

V01-.  I,  B  b  divine 


3;o  The    HISTORY        James  1. 

divine  fubjefts.  Adrian  Heereboord,  profeflbr 
of  philoibphy  in  the  univerfity  of  Leyden, 
fpeaks  very  higl-ly  of  his  abilities  in  his  "  Me- 
*'  ktemata  Philcfcpljica"  This  truly  learned  and 
pious  man,  and  excellent  preacher,  died  the 
14th  of  April,  1623,  aged  only  thirty-two  years'. 
His  Englifli  works  have  been  collefted  into  ons 
volume,  which  has  been  four  times  printed. 
'1  he  two  laft  edidons  are  in  folio. 

WILLIAM  WHATELIE,  minifler  of 
Banbury.     See  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 

NONCONFORMISTS. 

J  O  H  N  D  O  D ;  0^.  1645,  Mt.  96.   r.  Crofs 
fc,  4  Englijh  verfes  j    ^vo. 

This  head  may  be  placed  with  equal  pro- 
priety in  the  next  reign, 

John  Dod  received  his  education  at  Jefus 
College  in  Cambridge.  He  was  in  learning 
excelled  by  few,  and  in  unaffeded  piety  by 
none.  Nothing  was  ever  obje6led  to  this  meek 
and  humble  man,  but  his  being  a  puritan.  He 
■was  particularly  eminent  for  his  knov.'ledge  of 
the  Hebrew  language,  \v!iich  he  taught  the  fa- 
mous John  Gregory  of  Chrift  Church  in  Ox- 
ford *.  He  was,  from  his  Expofition  of  the 
Ten  Commandments,  which  he  wrote  in  con- 
junftion  with  Robert  Cleaver,  commonly  call- 
ed the  Decalogift.  His  Sayings  have  h^cn 
printed  in  various  forms :  many  of  them  on 
two  fheets  of  paper,  are  Hill  to  be  feen  paited 
on  the  walls  of  cottages.  An  old  woman  in 
my  neighbourhood  told  me,  *'  that  fhe  ftiould 
"  have  gone  diftrafted  for  the  lofs  of  her  hul- 

*  See  Mr.  John  Gurgany's  Account  of  his  Life, 

*'  band. 


Class  IV.       of    ENGLAND.  ^ 

*«  band,    if  fhe   had    been   without  Mr.   Dod's 
"  Sayings  in  the  Houfe." 

ARTHUR  HILDERSHAM,  late 
preacher  at  Ailiby  de  la  Zouch  (in  Leiceilerlhire)  j 
preaching  •,  \to. 

Arthur   Hildersham,    &:c.     R.  Vaughn  fc, 

Arthur  Hilderfham,  who  was  great-grandfon, 
by  the  mother,  to  George,  duke  of  Clarence, 
was  educated  in  the  Roman  Catholic  religion  ; 
and  when  he  was  about  fifteen  years  of  age,  dif- 
inherited  by  his  father,  for  refufing  to  go  to 
Rome.  The  earl  of  Huntingdon,  his  kinlman^ 
very  generoufly  became  his  patron,  and  contri- 
buted to  his  lupport  at  Cambridge.  He  was 
feveral  times  filenced  in  this  reign  for  noncon- 
formity, but  was  re(tored  by  archbilhop  Abbot* 
Lilly,  the  aftrologer,  in  the  Memoirs  of  his  own 
i  jfc^,  tells  us,  "  that  he  difiVnted  not  from  the 
"  church  in  any  article  of  faith,  but  only  about 
*'  wearing  the  furplice,  baptizing  with  the  crofs, 
"  and  kneeling  at  the  facrament."  His  "  Lec- 
*'  tures  on  the  51  ft  Pfalm,"  and  his  book  on 
Fafting,  (hew  him  to  have  been  a  learned  and 
pious  man.     Oh,  4  Mar.  1631,  Mt,  69. 

JOHANNES  CARTER,  fidelis  ille  {tr^ 
vus  Dei,  et  paftor  Bramfordienfis,  in  agro  Sutfol- 
cienfi.  y.  Bunfiall  f.  In  Clarke's  "  Livss  cf  Eng- 
"  UJIj  Divines.'"  'J here  is  another  portrait  of  hint 
engraved  by  Vaughn* 

John  Carter  was  born  in  Kent,  and  educated 
at  Clare  Hall,  in  Cambridge.  He  was  many 
years  minifter  at  Bramford  in  Suffolk,  and  alfo 
redor  of  Belft:ead»  in  the  fame  county.  Though 
he  had  been  often  troubled  for  nonconformity, 
he  took  every  occafion  of  exerting  himfelf 
B  b  2  againft 


372 


The   history        James!. 

againft  popery,  Arminianifm,  and  the  new  ce- 
rempnies.  Clarke  and  Neale  fpeak  of  him  as  a 
man  of  great  indnftry,  charity,  and  piety.  The 
former  tt'lls  us,  that  when  he  dined  with  feveral 
minifters  at  one  of  the  magi  ft  rates  houfes  at 
Ipfwich,  a  very  vain  perfon,  who  fat  at  the  ta- 
ble, undertook  to  anfwer  any  queftion  that 
fhoukl  be  propofed  to  him,  cither  in  divinity  or 
philofophy.  A  profound  filence  enfued,  till 
Mr.  Carter  addrelfed  him  in  ihefe  words.  "  I 
*'  will  go  no  farther  than  my  trencher  to  puz- 
zle you:  here  is  a  foal;  now  tell  me  the 
reafon  why  this  fiili,  Vv-hich  has  always  lived 
*«  in  the  fait  water,  Ihould  come  out  frelh  ?" 
As  the  challenger  did  not  fo  much  as  attempt 
any  anfwer,  the  fcorn  and  laugh  of  the  com- 
pany were  prefently  turned  upon  him.  Ob.  21. 
Feb.  1634. 

HUGO  B  R  O  U  G  H  T  O  N,  theolog.  litera- 
Tum  et  linguarum   facrarum   callentifllmus,    ^t. 
37.  1620*-,   J.  Payne  fc.  ^to. 
Idem;  Van  Hove fc. 

Payne  s  print  is  "eery  like,  as  Clark  informs  us  in 
his  "  Life  of  BroughtonJ'* 

Hugh  Broughron,  a  youth  of  an  agreeable 
and  promifing  afpect,  was  travelling  on  foot  on 
the  northern  road,  when  he  was  accofted  by  the 
celebrated  Bernard  Gilpin,  who  afked  him  whi- 
ther he  was  going.  He  told  him  to  Oxford;^ 
in  order  to  be  a  fcholar.  The  appftolic  Gilpin 
was  fo  pieafcd  with  his  appearance,  and  the 
quicknels  of  his  replies,  that  he  took  him  with 
Rim  to  his  own  home,  placed  him  in  the  fchool 
which  he  had  founded,  fuperintended  iiis  edu- 
cation, and  at  length  fent  him  to  Chrill's  Col- 

•  This  appears  to  have  been  the  date  of  a  book  to  which  the 
potuait  was  pitfixed. 

lege 


Class  IV.       of   ENGLAND. 

lege,  in   Cambridge.      He   was  particularly  fa- 
mous for    bibical    learning:    and    his   writin''»s 
in    that   kind,    particularly   his    "  Confent   of 
"  Times  *,"  (hew   him  to   have  been  an  un- 
common   genius ;    but  his   defcending  to  dif- 
pures  about  the  colour  of  Aaron's  ephod,  and 
other    things  equally  frivolous,    denote  him   a 
mean  one.     He  was  feme  time  at  the  head  of 
a  conventicle  in  England  ;   and,  afterwards  be- 
longed to  a  congregation  of  Brovvnift's  at  Am- 
flerdam.     Hg   was   a  vehement  preacher,   and 
had  a  very  ilrong  propenfity  to  v^/rangling  both 
at  home  and  abroad  ;  but  was,  however,  elteem- 
ed    a   notable  writer  in  controverfy.     He   has 
been   very  juftly  cenfured  by  the  reverend  Mr. 
Gilpin  -f-  for  his    ingratitude   to   his  excellent 
patron,  whom   he  endeavoured  to  fupplant  in 
the  redory  of  Houghton   in  the  Spring.     His 
fame  was  upon  the  decline  when  he  returned  to 
England  ;  and  his  charafter  became  at  length 
fo   defpicable,   that  he   was  publicly   ridiculed 
upon   the  itage  ;!;.     Fuller  conjeaured  that   he 
died  about  the  year  1600;    but  his  death  really 
happened,  according  to  Monf.  Bayle,  in  1612. 
He  was  the  firft  of  our  countrymen  that  e^-:- 
plained  the  defcent  of  Chriil   into  hell  by   the 
word    Hades,   the   place  into  which   Chrift  de{- 
cended  after  his  crucifixion.   This  did  not  mean 
hell  or  the  place  of  the  damned  ;  but  only  the 
itate   of  the  dead,    or  the   invifible   world,    in 
which  feni'e  it  was  ufed  by  the  Greek  fathers  §. 

dV. 

*  A  Treatife  of  Scripture  Chronology.  He  tells  us  in  this 
book,  that  Rahab  commenced  harlot  at  ten  years  ot  age. 

t  See  his  Life  of  Bernard  Gilpin. 

1  See  the  Alchymift  of  Ben  Johnfon,  A6t  II.  Scene  5.  and  Aft 
IV.  Sc.  s.  The  Fox,  Aa  II.  Sc.  2. 

§  Thomas  Bilfon,  biniop  of  Winchefter,  one  of  the  beft  fcho- 
lars  and  pureft  writeis  of  his  time,  vvas  unfortunately  the  prin- 

B  b  3  cipal 


373 


374 


The    history         James  T, 

Dr.  Y/ 1  L  L I  A  M  AMES,  a  famous  non- 
conformift,  flourifhed  at  this  time.  'J  here  is  an 
account  of  him  in  the  next  reign. 

ABRAHAM  US  AURELIUS,  ecclef. 
Gaii.  Londini  paftor,  JEt.  43,  1618  ;  If^ccrJI  f, 
1631  ;   ^^to. 

'-  Vivos  Aureli  vuhus  exfculpfit  in  ?sre  -, 
"  Mores  hand  potuit  fculpere  chalcographus ; 
"•  Neve  opus :   sternis  diflis,  fadlilque,   iibrif- 

"  que, 
"  Jampridem  Mores  fculpferat  ipfe  fuos." 

PRIESTS  of  the  CHURCEI  of  ROME. 

"  The  portraiture  of  the  Jefuits  and  priefts,  as 
*'  they  ufe  to  fit  at  council  in  England,  to  further 
*'  the  Catholic  caufe.  Dr.  Bijhop,  Dr.  BriHow, 
"  Dr.  Wright,  F.  Palmer,  F.  Wood.  F.  Lurtice, 
"  F.  Maxfield,  F.  Higham,  F.  Sweete,  F.  Ploy- 
*'  d^n  (or  Plowden),  D.  Sn)ith,  F.  Lovet,  F.  Ani- 
"  neur,  F.  Worthington,  F.  Porter,  F".  Patefon.^* 
1^0  engraver's  name.  The  ■print  is  in  the  fecond  part 
of  '■'•  Vox  populi,"  towards  the  end. 

The  perfons  reprefented  are  faid  in  this  pam- 
phlet to  have  held  intelligence  with  Gondamor, 
and  to  have  met  at  the  houle  of  one  Lovet^  a 

c"ipal  antagonift  of  Broughton  in  this  doi!lrine,  which  is  now  re- 
ceived by  tlie  Church  of  Englanrl.  It  is  worthy  of  remark,  that 
as  this  prelate  was  preaching  a  fermon  at  St.  Paul's  Crofs  ||,  a  fud- 
den  panic,  occafioiied  by  the  caprice  or  folly  of  one  of  the  audi- 
ence, feizid  the  multitude  there  afTcmbled,  who  thoiiglit  that 
the  church  was  falling  on  their  head,<.  Tlie  good  biihop,  who 
lympnthized  with  the  people,  more  from  t.ity  than  from  fear, 
after  a  fufiicient  paufe,  rcafuimed,  and  went  tiirough  his  fermon 
with  great  compofure. 

II  A  pulpit  in  form  of  a  crofs,  which  flood  almoft  in  the  miJJIc  of  St 
Paul's  Church -yard. 


gold' 


Class  IV.       o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D. 

croldfmith,  in  Fetter  Lsne,  who  had  a  printing 
prefs  in  his  houfe  for  popifh  books.  They  are 
called  Jelqits,    and  Jefuited  Prieils. 

Dr.  B  I  S  H  O  P. 

William  Bifhop,  who  was  born  at  Brayles,  in 
Warwickfliire,  (ludied  at  Oxford,  and  in  ieve- 
ral  foreign  univerfities.  lie  was  employed  in 
England  as  a  miffionary,  in  the  reigns  of  Eli- 
zabeth and  James  1.  in  both  which  he  fuffered 
imprifonmenc  for  adling  in  that  capacity.  He 
was  confecrated  bifhop  of  Chalcedon,  at  Paris, 
the  4th  of  June,  1623,  and  inverted  with  ordi- 
nary povi^er  to  govern  the  Catholip  church  in 
England.  He  was  eltecmed  a  man  of  abilities, 
and  was  a  very  adive  and  i^feful  inlirnment  to 
his  party.  He  wrote  feveral  pieces  of  contro- 
verfy  againft  Mr.  Perkins  and  Dr.  Robert  Ab- 
bot, and  publiflied  Pits's  book  '*  De  illujiribus 
"  jngU(2  Scriploribtis."  His  gentle  and  ami- 
able manners  gained  him  efteem  with  men  of  all 
perfuafions.  He  died  the  i6th  of  April,  1624. 
He  was  the  firft  of  the  church  of  Rome  that, 
after  the  Reformation,  was  fent  inio  England 
in  an  epifcopal  charader  *. 

Dr.  B  R  I  S  T  O  W. 

Richard  Briftow,  who  was  born  a  Worcefler, 
was  educated  in  the  univerfiiy  of  Oxford,  where 
he  and  Campian  entertained  queen  Elizabeth 
with  a  public  difputation,  and  acquitted  them- 
feU-es  with  applaufe.  He  fhortly  after  conform- 
ed to  the  church  of  Rome,  and  was  invited  by 
the  famous  Allen,  afterwards  cardinal,  to  Douay, 
where  he  diftinguilhed  himfelf  in  the  EngliQi 

♦  This  ar.d  the  following  fliort  account  of  priefis  and  Jefuits, 
are  chiefly  extrafled  from  Dod's  Hiftor)', 

B  b  4  college. 


'  7  7 


i37J  The    HISTORY      James  L 

college,  as  he  did  afterwards  in  that  of  R.heims, 
in  both  which  he  held  confiderable  employments. 
The  following  character  of  him  was  found  by 
Dod  aaicng  the  records  in  the  former  of  thefe 
colleges ;  "  He  might  rival  Allen  in  prudence, 
Srapleton  in  aCLitenels,  Campian  in  eloquence, 
Wright  in  theology,  and  Martin  in  languages." 
His  death  was  occafioned  by  fevere  application 
to  his  ftudies. 

Dr.  WRIGHT. 

Dr.  Wright,  in  the  lift  of  the  names  of  Ro- 
mifh  priefls  and  Jefuits,  refident  about  the  city 
of  London,  1624*,  is  faid  to  be  a  grave  anci- 
ent man,  treafurer  to  the  priefts,  and  Very  rich. 
He  was  probably  a  different  perfon  from  Dr. 
Thomas  Wright,  who  Vv'as  reader  of  divinity, 
in  the  Englifh  college  at  Douay,  and  author  of 
the  book,  "  De  Pqffionihus  Anim^y^  and  feveral 
noted  pieces  of  concroverfy.  The  latter,  who, 
according  to  Dod,  does  not  appear  to  have  been 
a  milTionary  here  fince  the  reign  of  Elizabethj 
died  about  the  year  1623. 

Father  PALMER 
was  a  Jefuit. 

Father   L  U  R  T  I  C  E 
was  a  Jefuit. 

Father  M  A  X  F  I  E  L  D. 

Dod  mentions  a  perfon,  whofe  name  was 
Thomas  Maxfield  that  ftudied  at  Douay,  where 
he  was  ordained  pried,  and  fent  upon  a  miflion 
into  England,  in  1 61 5,  and  executed  the  ele- 
venth of  July,  the  following  year,  on  account 

•  See  "  Plicen'ix  BritannhitSy'"  ^\o,  p.  435. 

of 


Class  IV.        o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  377 

of  his  facerdotal  charader.  Qvxre,  if  the  per- 
Ibn  reprefented  in  the  print  ? 

F.  H  I  G  H  A  M. 

John  Hioham,  who,  for  the  moft  parr,  livecl 
abroad,  e:nployed  himfelf  chiefiy  in  tranllating 
religious  books  from  the  Spaniili.  The  laft  of 
his  works  mentioned  by  Dod,  is  the  "  Expo- 
*'  ficion  of  the  Mafs,"  v/hich  is  dated  1622. 

F.   SWEET. 

John  Sweer<>  a  native  of  Devonfliire,  fludicd 
at  Rome,  where  he  entered  into  the  fociety  of 
Jefus,  in  1608.  He  was  fent  on  a  miflion  from 
Rome  to  England,  in  this  reign,  and  died  at 
St.  Omer's,  the  26th  of  February,  i6:?2.  He 
is  faid  to  have  been  the  author  of  "  A  Mani- 
"  feflation  of  the  Apoftacy  of  M.  Ant.  de  Do- 
*'  minis,"  printed  at  St.  Omer's,  1617,  in  4to. 
Dr.  Daniel  Featley,  who  was  his  opponent  in 
a  difputation,  has  introduced  him  in  his  "  Ro- 
*'  mifli  Filher  caught,  or  a  conference  betweeii 
^*  Sweet  and  Fiflier,"  Lend.  162^. 

F.  P  L  O  Y  D  E  N  (or  Plowden),  _ 

a  Jefuir,  was  probably  a  relation  of  the  famous 
Plowden,  author  of  the  *'  Reports,"  who  was 
a  Roman  Catholic. 

Dr.  S  M  I  T  H. 

Dr.  Richard  Smith,  bifliop  of  Chalcedon,  ap- 
pears, according  to  Dod's  account  of  him,  not 
to  have  borne  any  ecclefiaftical  charader  in 
England  before  the  year  1625.  ^^  '^  therefore 
very  probable,  that  another  Dr.  Smith  is  here 
meant,  and  efpecially  as  the  two  following  per- 

fons 


-8  The    HISTORY        Ja^es^T. 

fons  of  the  name  are  mentioned  in  the  lift  of 
I^omifh  priefts  and  Jcfuirs  refident  about  the 
rity  of  London,  in  1624.  ^*  Dr.  Smith,  fenior, 
feme  time  of  the  college  of  Rome,  and  author 
of  divers  peCtilent  books;  and  Dr.  Smith,  ju- 
nior, author  of  divers  other  books  no  lefs  dan- 
gerous." A  ftrong  party  was  raifed  againft  the 
'  bifhop  of  Chalcfdon,  by  the  regular  clergy, 
lyho  loudly  accufed  him  of  infringing  their  pri- 
vikges.   This  forced  him  to  ablcond. 

Father  L  O  V  E  T 

was  brother    to  three  goldfmiths,  in  London, 
who  were  all   papifts. 

Father   A  N  I  E  U  R  *,      • 

who  was  edeemed  an  enterprifing  and  danger- 
ous zealot-,  was  a  Frenchman. 

Father  W  O  R  T  H  I  N  G  T  O  N. 

Thomas  Worthington,  who  v/as  born  at 
Blainfcoe,  near  Wigan,  in  LancaHiire,  ftudicd 
at  Oxford  and  Douay,  where  he  was  prefident 
of  the  Englifh  college.  He  was  afterwards  fe- 
veral  years  at  Rome,  and  was  fome  time  apof- 
tolic  notary.  Being  defirous  of  feeing  England 
again,  where  he  had  formerly  been  an  ailive 
milTionary,  he  obtained  leave  to  return  thither, 
and  lliortly  after  died,  in  1626.  He  wrote  an- 
notations for  the  Douay  Bible,  in  the  tranflation 
of  wliich  he  had  a  principal  fhare,  and  was  au- 
thor of  feveral  books  mentioned  by  Dod.  His 
"  Catalogiis  Martyrum  in  Anglia^^  &c.  was  fold 
at  the  high  price  of  i  is.  6d.  at  the  lale  of  Mr. 

•  The  name  fhould  be  thus  IpeU,  and  not  Anjneur. 

Richard 


Class  IV.        o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  573 

Richard  Smith's  library,  1682.  The  original 
price  of  this  pamphlet  was  no  more  than  6d. 

Father  PORTER 
was  a  Jefuit. 

Farher  P  A  T  E  S  O  N 

was  alfo  a  Jefuit.  I  know  nothing  of  father 
Wood,  who  was  probably  of  tlie  fame  frater- 
nity. He  is  the  fifth  perfoa  mentioned  in  the 
defcription  of  the  print. 

HENRICUS  GARNETUS,  Jn^Ius, 
e  S  ode  tale  Jefu;  pajfus  3  Maii^  1606  ,  Job.  IFiricx 
exc.  \imo. 

"  In  the  gallery  of  the  Englifn  Jcfujts,  fays 
"  Dr.  Burnet,  among  the  pidurcs  of  their 
"  martyrs,  I  did  not  meet  with  Garnet;  for, 
"  perhaps,  that  name  is  fo  well  known,  than 
"  they  would  not  expofe  a  pidiire  with  fuch  a 
*'  name  on  it,  to  ail  ftrangers ;  yet  Oldcorn, 
^'  being  a  name  lefs  known,  is  hung  there 
**  among  their  martyrs,  though  he  was  as  clear- 
"  ly  convidled  of  the  Gunpowder  Treafon,  as 
*'  the  other  was  *. 

Henry  Garnet,  who  was  born  in  Nottingham- 
fhire,  received  his  education  at  Rome,  where 
he  entered  into  the  ibciety  of  Jefus,  when  he 
was  twenty  years  of  age.  He  was  a  man  oi 
various  learning,  and  was  profefTor  ofphilofo- 
phy  and  Hebrew,  in  the  Italian  college,  at 
Rome ;  and   was  fo  well  fls.illed  in  the  mathe- 

*  Burnet's  Letter  from  Rome.  Mr.  Addifon  in  his  Travels 
•aw  the  pictures  of  the  two  Garnets,  Oldcorn,  &c.  at  Loretto. 

matics. 


nso  T  II  E    i  I  I  S  T  O  R  Y      James  I, 

matics,  that  he  there  fupplied  the  place  of  the 
celebrated  Clavius,  when  by  his  age  and  infir- 
mities he  was  incapacitated  to  attend  the  fchools. 
It  does  not  appear  that  he  was  active  in  the 
gunpowder- plot ;  and  he  declared;  juft  before 
his  execution,  that  he  was  only  privy  to  it,  and 
concealed  what  was  revealed  to  him  in  confef- 
iion.  He  was  executed  the  third  of  May, 
1606  *, 

Ven.  P.  F.  B  E  N  E  D  !  C  T  U  S,  Angius, 
Capucinus,  Prscdicator,  tzc.  Obiit  161 1,  JEt.  49, 
&c.  J  Picart  incidit.  From  the  Jame  hook  ivith  the 
fiCXt  print. 

The  fecular  name  of  Father  Benedi<5l  was 
William  Fich,  (Fytche)  of  Camfteid,  in  Efiex. 
There  is  a  very  ancient  and  opulent  family  of 
the  name,  feated  at  Danbury  Place,  near 
Chelmsford;  in  that  county. 

V.  P.  A  R  C  H  A  N  G  E  L  U  S,  Scotus,  Ca- 
pucinus, Frsedicator,  &c.  Okiit  1606,  ^t.  36. 
coHverfion.  13,  die  2  Aug.  J.  Picart  incidit.  From 
the  Hifiory  of  his  Life^  written  firfi  in  French,  and 
7WW  tranjlated  into  EngliJIo  by  R.  R.  a  Catholic  prieji\ 
pihlijhed  at  Bouay,  1623. 

Ic  appears,  by  this  account,  that  his  fecular 
name  was  John  Forbes ;  and  that  he  was  fon  of 

•  "  That  the  Jefuit  Garnet  was  honoured  ns  a  martyr  (though 
"  he  diCclaimed  ail  preteiifions  to  it  himfelf,  in  his  own  remark- 
"  able  apofiio^jhe,  "  M^  Martyr  em !  Q  qualem  Mar!yrem'.  we 
*'  have  the  authority  of  a  brother  of  this  order,  Eudccmojohan- 
"  nes,  a  Cretan  Jeluit,  who  wrote  his  "  Apology,"  and  publifli- 
*'  ed  it  at  Colot^n,  in  1610,  with  a  very  curious  froiitifpiece, 
"  Cariiefsface  pourtrayed  in  the  centre  of  a  nvheat  Jlranxj,  {juch  as 
"  it  appeared  to  one  of  his  difciples,  ivho  kept  it  as  a  r clique)  incirded 
*'  ivith  this  legend,  "  Miraculofa  Efligies  R.  P.  H.  Garnet,  Soc- 
"  Jef.  Martyris  Anglicani,  3  Maii,  1606."  Note  to  Eiiij-  Pye's 
thud  Letter, 

the 


Class  V.         of    ENGLAND.  381 

the  lord  Forbes,  by  Margaret  Gordon  *,  daugh- 
ter of  the  marquis  of  Huntley. 

Sir  T  O  B  I E    MATTHEW,   fon   of  T. 

Matthew,  archbifliop  of  York,  was  a  Jefuit-f-, 
but  1  believe  no  miffionary;  an  employment  to 
which  he  feems  not  to  have  been  very  well  adapt- 
ed, as  he  was  rather  of  an  unclcrical  charadter  J. 
See  the  next  reign. 

CLASS     V. 
COMMONERS  in  great  Employments, 

Sir  RALPH    W  I  N  WOO  D,  fecretary  of 

ftate,    Mt.    A,'-^\    Mierevelde  p.    161 3;    Vertue  fc. 
1723;  h.  JJj.    Another  by  Henry  Hondius.    The  for- 
mer is  before  his  "  Memorials."     It  was  engraz^ed 
for  the  duke  of  Montagu, 

Sir  Ralph  Winwood,  who  was  a  man  of  emi- 
nent ability  and  unblemifhed  integrity,  was  not 
fufficiently  polifhed  as  a  courtier,  as  there  was 
*'  fomething  harfh  and  fupercilious"  in  his  de- 
meanor §.  When  he  was  refident  at  the  Hague, 
^  he  delivered  the  remonftrance  of  James  I  againll 
Vorftius  the  Arminian,  to  the  aiTembly  of  the 
States,  to  which  they  feemed  to  pay  very  little 

♦  According  to  Douglas's,  "Peerage,"  her  name  was  Cliriftian, 

■\  See  the  "  Biog.  Brit."  vi.  p.  4.04S. 

J  Arthur  Wilfon  informs  us,  that  a  new  order  called  Jefuitri- 
ces,  was  fet  on  foot  in  Flanders,  in  this  reign,  by  Mrs"  Ward, 
and  Mrs.  Twittie,  Englifli  ladies,  who  aliumed  the  Ignatian  lia- 
bit;  and  that  tlicy  were  patronized  by  father  Gerard,  reflor  of 
the  Englifli  College  of  Jefuits,  at  Li«;ge  ;  but  that  they  were  dif- 
countenanced  by  others  of  that  fraternity.  Soon  after,  Mrs, 
Ward  was,  by  the  pope,  appointed  "  mother-general  of  two  hun- 
*«  dred  ladies  of  fome  diltinftion,  whom  fhs  commiflioned  to 
*'  preach,"  &c.    Wilfon  inKennet's  Hift.  vol.  ii.  729. 

§  Birch's  "  Hiftorical  View  of  the  Negotiations  between  Eng- 
land, France,  and  Bruflfels,"  p.  296.  j 

attention 


3^2  The   HISTORY        James  L 

attention.  Upon  this  the  king  proceeded  to 
threaten  them  with  his  pen  ;  and  plainly  told 
them,  that  if  they  had  the  hardinefs  "  to  fetch 
*'  again  from  hell,  ancient  herefies  long  fince 
**  dead,  &c.  that  he  lliould  be  conftrained  to 
*'  proceed  publickly  againfc  thern  *".  It  is  cer- 
tain that  his  majcity  v>^rote  a  pamphlet  againft 
C'onr.  Vorftius,  which  was  printed  in  i6n  : 
he  dedicated  it  to  Jefus  Chrift.  Sir  Ralph  Win- 
wood  died  in  1617. 

Sir  EDWARD  HE  RBER  T,  ambaffador 
to  France.  See  a  defcription  of  his  portrait  in  the 
next  reign,  Clafs  IX. 

Sir  Edward  Herbert  had  too  much  fpirit  and 
fire  for  the  phlegmatic  and  pacific  James;  and 
was  better  qualified  to  threaten,  than  to  remon- 
Urate.  His  Ipirited  behaviour  to  the  infults  of 
the  conftable  de  Luifnes,  the  French  minifter, 
was  the  occafion  of  his  being  recalled,  and  he 
was  re-placed  by  the  gentle  earl  of  Carlifle. 

Sir  THOMAS  ROE,  ambaffador  at  the 
Mogul's  -f  court,  from  the  year  161 4,  to  the  year 
161!^.  See  a  defcription  of  his  head,  in  the  ninth 
Ciafs. 

Sir  THOMAS  SMITH,  Knt.  late  ambaf- 
faJor  from  his  majcfty  to  the  great  emperor  of 
RufTia,  governor  of  the  honourable  and  famous 
fociet;es  of  merchants  trading  to  the  Eaft  Indies, 
MufcQvy,  the  French,  and  Summer  1  Hands  com- 
pany, treafurer  fur  Virginia,  &c.  S.  Pajf^us  fc. 
1617. 

*  Idem,  p.  715. 

•)■  Tl'.is  monarch,  happy  in  his  prii^e  nnd  isrnorance,  fancied  his 
dominions  to  be  the  greater  part  of  the  liabitable  world.  But 
what  was  his  mortification,  when  in  Mcrcator's  maps,  prefented 
liim  by  Sir  Thomas  Roe,  he  found  that  he  poflerted  but  a  fmall 
part  of  it  !  He  was  (b  chagrined  at  the  iight,  that  he  ordered  the 
maps  to  be  given  to  bir  Thomas  again. 

I  am 


Class  IV.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  38: 

/  am  informed,  that  this  print  is  prefixed  to  the  de- 
dication of  JVoodaWs  "  Surgeon's  Mate,''  which  is 
ciddrejfed  to  fir  'Thomas  Smith. 

Sir  Thomas  Smith,  of  Bidborough,  in  Kent? 
was  fecund  fon  of  Thomas  Smith,  Efq.  of  Often- 
hanger,  in  the  fame  county  ^.  He  was  far- 
mer of  the  cuftoms  in  the  preceding  reign  •,  and 
diftinguifhed  himfclf  by  his  knowledge  of  trade, 
which  was  much  cultivated  by  Elizabeth.  Pie 
was,  foon  after  the  acceflion  of  James,  appointed 
ambafiador  to  the  emperor  of  Ruffia  j  and  pub- 
lifhed  an  account  of  his  voyage  to  that  country, 
to  which  his  portrait  is  prefixed.  He  was  a 
different  perfon  from  Sir  Thomas  Smith  of 
Abingdon,  in  Berkfliire,  who  was  mafter  of  re* 
quefts,  and  Latin  fecretary  to  James  -f-. 

Sir  DUDLEY  CARL  ETON,  infcribed, 
"  lllufl:.  excell.  ac  prudent.  Domino,  Dudleyo 
"  Carleton,  equiti,  Magnx  BritannicE  regis  apud 
"  Conf^dcratarum  Provinciarum  in  Belgio,  or- 
"  dines,  legato,  &c.  Piftoris  artis  non  folum 
"  admiiratori,  fed  etiam  infignirer  perito.  Sculp- 
"  tor  dedicat."  M.  Mierevelt  p.  W.  Belff  jc.  dated 
1620  ;  4^(9.  There  is  another  print  of  him  by  Sturt, 
— His  portrait  is  ac  Chrill  Church,  in  Oxford. 

«  See  the  genealogy  of  his  family,  No.  i  and  147  of  Dr.  Btick- 
ler's  "  Steimnaia  Ch'icheleana^''  whence  it  appears,  that  he  def- 
cended  from  a  brother  of  Archbiftiop  Chichele,  and  that  fir  Sid- 
ney Stafford  Smythe  is  defcended  from  his  fecond  fori. 

f  In  vol.  iii.  p.  118,  of"  Win  wood's  Memorials,"  is  the  follow- 
ing palfage  :  "  Our  Ealt  India  Merchants  have  lattiy  buiit  a 
««  goodly  {hip  of  above  laoo  tun,  to  the  launching  whereof  the 
««  king  and  prince  were  invited,  and  had  a  bountiful  banquett. 
"  The  king  graced  fir  Thomas  Smith,  the  governor,  with  a 
«'  chaine,  in  manner  of  a  collar,  better  than  200  1.  with  his  pic- 
«*  ture  hanging  at  it,  and  put  it  about  his  neck  with  his  own 
««  hands,  nammg  the  great  (hip  Trade's  Increafe;  and  the  prince, 
4«  a  pinnace  of  250  tun,  (built  to  wait  upon  her)  pepper  Corn." 

Sir 


384  The    HISTORY        James  I. 

Sir  Dudley  Carleton,  afterwards  vifcounC 
Dorcheiler,  was  ambaflador  in  Holland,  and  ac 
Venice,  where  he  was  chiefly  refidenc.  The 
regotiarions  of  this  accomplifibed  minifter,  late- 
ly publifiied,  relate,  for  the  moft  parr,  to  the 
fynod  of  Dorr,  in  which  king  James  deeply  in- 
tereiled  himfelf.  In  the  next  reign,  he  was 
conftitutcd  fecrecary  of  fcate  ;  and  was  upon  tlie 
point  of  being  fent  to  the  Tower,  for  barely 
naming  the  odious  word  excife,  in  the  lafi:  par- 
liament but  one,  that  met  at  Weilminfter,  be- 
fore the  long  parliament  "*.  Ob.  15  Feb. 
1631-2. 

Sir  HENRY  WOTTON,  refident  at 
Venice,  in  this  reign.     See  the  next,  Clafs  IX. 

WILLIAM  TRUMBULL,  Efq.  en- 
voy to  the  court  of  BrulTeis,  from  king  James  I. 
and  king  Charles  I.  Otho  Venii p.  1617;  G.  VcY" 
tue [c.  1726-,  h.p. 

Trumbull,  agent  pour  les  roys  Jac.  \.  et 
Char.  I.  &c. 

M.  GuiLL.  Trumbull  •,  S.  Gribelin  fc.  ji^to. 

William  Trumbull,  Efq.  was  alfo  one  of  the 
clerks  of  the  privy-council.  There  is  a  fliorc 
account  of  his  defcendants  on  the  family  mo- 
numents in  the  church  of  Eafthamflead,  Berks. 
St^e  more  of  him  in  Sir  Ant.  Weldon's  "  Court 
**  of  King  James,"  p.  94. 

Sir  W  M.  \N  ADD,  who  was  ambaiTador  to 
Spain  in  the  preceding  reign,  is  mentioned  in  the 

eight  clafs. 

ANTON  I  US  SHERLEYUS,  An- 
glus,  &c.  magni  Sophi  Perfarum  legatus  invidif- 

•  Howel's  Letters,  vol.  ii.  No.  64.. 

fimo 


Class  V.      op   ENGLAND.  38; 

fimo  Cfefari,  c»terifque  princibus  Chriftian's,  &c. 
^gidius  Sadeler  {Sculptor)  D.  D.  4(0. 

Anton.  Scherleyus,  Ang.  &c.  In  a  cloak', 
gold  chain,  appendant  to  which  is  a  7nedal  of  the  [a- 
phi\  /^to;  This  fcarce  and  curious  print  was  pro- 
bably engraved  by  one  of  the  Sadeler s. 

'  Sir  Anthony  Shirley,  fecond  fen  of  Sir  Tho- 
tnas  Shirley  of  Wifton,  in  Suffex,  was  one  of 
the  gallant  adventurers  who  went  to  annoy  the 
Spaniards  in  their  fettlements  in  the  Weft  In- 
dies in  the  former  reign.  He  afterwards  tra- 
velled to  Perfia,  and  returned  to  England  in  the 
quality  of  ambalTador  from  the  Sophi,  in  161 2. 
The  next  year  he  publillied  an  account  of  his 
travels.  He  was  knight  of  the  order  of  St. 
Michael  in  France,  a  knight  of  St.  Jago  in 
Spain,  and  was,  by  the, emperor  of  Germany, 
raifed  to  the  dignity  of  a  count ;  and  the  king 
of  Spain  made  him  admiral  of  the  Levant  fea* 
He  died  in  Spain,  after  the  year  1630. 

RoEERTUs  Sherley  AngJus,  Comes  C^fareusi 
Eques  auratus.  Under  the  oval  is  this  infcription  :■ 
*'  Magni  Sophi  F  erf  arum  Legatus  ad  fereniff.  D.  N, 
Paulum  P,  P.  V.  aeterofque  Principcs  Chrifiianos, 
Jngrefjas  Romam^  fole7nni pompa,  die  28  Septemb.  i6'ocj, 
atat.fiKZ  28.     G.  M  f.  {Roma)  ^vo. 

I  never  faw  this  print  but  in  Mr.  Guidon's 
colledtion. 

Sir  Robert  Shirley,  brother  to  fir  Anthony,' 
was  introduced  by  him  to  the  Perfian  court; 
whence  in  1609,  and  the  twenty-eighth  year  of 
his  age,  he  was  fent  ambaffador  to  Rome,  in 
the  pontificate  of  Paul  V.  He  entered  that 
city  with  Eaftern  magnificence,  and  was  treated 
with  great  diftimflion  by  the  Pope.  A  fpirit  of 
adventure  ran  through  the  family  of  the  Shir- 
leys.  Sir  Francis,  the  eldeil  of  the  three  bro- 
thers, was  unfortunate. 
Vol.  I.  Cc  RICH^ 


386  The    HISTORY      James  I; 

"RICHARD  PERCEVAL,  Efq.  Se- 
«'  cretary,  Remembrancer,  and  one  of  the  Com- 
««  miflioners  for  the  Office  of  Receiver  General  of 
*«  the  Court  of  Wards  in  England,  Regifter  of  the 
«'  fame  Court  in  Ireland,  and  Member  of  Parlia- 
«*  ment  for  the  Borough  of  Richmond,  in  the 
«'  County  of  York.  Born  Anno  1550,  died  1620. 
*'  iEt.  6g"  Faher  f.  8w.  Engraved  for  the  "  Hif- 
*'  tory  of  ihe  Houfe  of  Tvery^'  ^c. 

This  gentleman  defcended  from  a  family 
which  was  lorvg  feated  at  North  Wefton,  and 
afterwards  at  Sydenham,  near  Bridgwater,  in 
^  the  county  of  Somerfet,  where  it  flourifhed 
for  more  than  five  centuries.  He  was  a  prin- 
cipal officer  under  Robert  Cecil,  earl  of  Salif- 
bury,  in  the  court  of  wards,  and  was  appointed 
regiiter  of  that  court  when  it  was  eredted  in  Ire- 
land. This  occafioned  the  removal  of  his  fa- 
mily into  that  kingdom,  where  it  continued  to 
flourifh.  He  was  ancellor  to  the  earl  of  Egmonc. 

CLASS    VI. 
MEN   of  the  ROBE. 


Made  lord- 
keeper, 
May, 
3S  Ellz. 
And  lotd- 
chan» 
I  Jac.  I» 
16  i  6. 


THOMAS  EGERTONUS,  baro  de 
Ellefmere,    Anglise   canceilarius ;    S.   Pajj'ieus  fc. 

The  lord  Ellefmere,  founder  of  the  houfe  of 
Bridgwater,  adorned  the  office  of  chancellor, 
by  his  knowledge,  his  integrity,  and  his  writ- 
ings. When  the  king  received  the  feal  of  him 
at  his  refignation,  he  was  in  tears  ^,  the  higheft 
teflimony  he  could  pay  to  his  merit.  Several 
of  his  writings  relating  to  his  high  office,  and 
the  court  in  which  lie  prccided,  are  in  print  -f . 


«  Camden  jn  Kennet,  vol  ii.  p.  647, 
j  Sec  VVoriitl's  Cr.t.  of  Law  Books, 


He 


Class VI.     of   ENGLAND.  387 

He:  died  in  a  very  advanced  age,  161 7.  It  was 
while  lord  Eliefme:-e  held  the  great  ieal,  that 
the  famous  conteft  began  betwixt  the  courts  of 
Common  Law  and  that  of  Chancery  ;  the  jurif- 
di(5lion  of  which,  by  the  tyranny  of  cuftom,  ra- 
ther than  the  defign  of  its  inftitution,  was  much 
more  circumfcribed  than  it  is  at  prcfent.  Sir 
Edward  Coke,  -who  with  great  judgment  had 
ftrong  prejudices,  afferted  that  a  caule  gained 
in  the  King's  Bench  by  a  flagrant  impoilure, 
could  not  be  reverfed  by  the  Court  of  Equity  *. 

Sir  FRANCIS  BACON^   Van  Somer  p, 
Vertiie  fc.  large  ^to. 

This  was  engraved  after  the  original,  now 

in  the  hall  at  Gorhambury,  near  St.  Alban's,  the 

feat  of  lord  Grimfton. 

Francis  Bacon,  &c.  C.  Johnfon p.  Cooper -^  \ 
h.Jh.  mezz. 

Franciscus  Baconus,  &c.  1626,  j^t.  66, 
**  Moniti  meliora  :''*  probably  by  Simon  Pafs  -,  frontif- 
piece  to  Dr.  Rawlefs  edit,  of  his  Latin  IVorkSy  foL 
1638.     ^his  has  been  fever al  times  copied. 

Sir  Francis  Bacon;  a  fmali  neat  head,  toge- 
ther with  that  of  Sir  Philip  Sidney,  and  the  heads 
of  two  foreigners,  IV.  Fait  home  fc.  Engraved  for  a 
title  to  a  bcok^   iimo. 

Franciscus  Baconus,  ^/.  66;  Hollar  f.  4/^, 

Sir  Francis  Bacon  ;  Van  Hovefc.  a^to. 

Franciscus  Bacon;  Vertue fc.  1728;  h. flj. 

Sir  Francis  Bacon  :  a  medallion^  Vertue  fc, 

Francois-Bacon  i  Defrochers  fc.'^vo. 

•  A  fellow  fwore  in  court,  that  he  left  the  principal  witnefs 
in  fuch  a  condition,  that  if  he  continued  in  it  but  half  an  hour 
longer,  he  muft  inevitably  die.  This  was  naturally  underftood 
of  the  dtfperate  Aate  of  his  difeafe;  but  the  truth  was,  that  he 
left  him  at  a  tavern,  with  a  gallon  of  fack  at  his  mouth,  in  the 
aft  of  drinking.  This  fraud,  which  equals  any  thing  that  Cicero 
relates  in  his  "  Offices,"  lolt  the  plaintiff  his  fuit.  See  "  Biog.  Brit." 
artic.  Egerton,  note  (F).  See  alfo  Blackftone's  "  Comment."  vol, 
iii.  chap.  4.  where  the  author  hints  at  this  impoftuie. 

f  The  name  of  the  vender. 

C  c  2  Know* 


388  The    HISTORY     ,  James  T. 

MaHfiord-  Knowledge,  judgment,  and  eloquence,  were 

^Ti^'!b-1^  eminently  uYiited  in  the  lord  chancellor  Bacon. 
But  thefe  great  qualicies  were  debafed,  or  ren- 
dered ufelefs  by  his  want  of  integrity.  He 
that  prefided  with  luch  great  abilities,  as  the 
arbiter  of  right  and  wrong,  in  the  higheft  court 
of  juilice  in  the  kingdom,  was  the  dupe  of  his 
own  fervants,  who  are  faid  to  have  cheated  him 
at  the  lower  end  of  the  table,  while  he  fat  ab- 
ftradted  at  the  upper  end.  It  has  been  aliedged 
in  his  favour,  that  though  he  took  bribes,  his 
decrees  were  jufl.     See  Clals  IX. 

JOHN  WILLIAMS,  bifiiop  of  Lincoln, 
lord-keeper.    See  Clafs  IV. 

Sir  EDVv^ARD  COKE,  lord  chief-juftlce 
(of  the  King's  Bench) ;  Houhraken  fc.  In  the  pof- 
jfcjfwn  of  Robert  Coke,  Efq.    Illuji.  Head. 

Edovardus  Cokus,  &c.  Si.  FaJJd^us  fc.  Six 
Latin  verfes^  fmall  ^to. 

Sir  Edward  Coke:  '-^  Pnidens  qui  fatiens  \* 
1629;  7.  Payne  fc.  Ato.  Aixjhijtie  hangs  at  bis 
breaji. 

Edvvardus  Coke,  &c.  copied  from-  the  next 
above \  ^to.  another-,   \imo. 

Edwardus  Cokus  •,  fx  Latin  verfes. 

Sir  Edward  Coke  ;  Loggan  fc.  h.fh.  ' 

Edvardus  Coke-,  R.  V/hite fc.  h.fh. 

Sir  Edward  Coke,  &c.  J.  Cooper  exc.  h.flo, 
mezz. 

Sir  Edwakd  Coke  •,  copied  from  Houbraken,  in 
mezzotinto,  by  Millar^  of  Dublin. 

There  is  a  whole  length  of  him  at  Petworth. 
Sir  Edward  Coke,  author  of  the  "  Commen- 
iiit.ii>ij      tary  on  Littleton,    was,  irom  his  great  know- 
ledge  and    experience  in    the    law,   eminently 
(.[ualified  for  the  higheft  dignify  of  his  profefilon. 
But  thefe  qualilications,   great   as   they  were, 

fcarcely 


Class  VI.         o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  2?g 

fcarcely  compenfated  for  his  infolence  and  ex- 
ceflive  anger;  which  frequently  vented  them- 
felves  in  fcurility  and  abufe,  when  he  was  fitting 
on  the  bench*.  He  carried  his  adulation  ftill 
higher  than  his  infolence,  when  he  called  the 
duke  of  Buckingham  "  our  Saviour"  upon  his 
return  from  Spain -f.  Ic  is  remarkable  that 
there  were  only  fifteen  volumes  of  Reports 
extant,  when  his  three  firft  volumes  were  pub- 
lilhed  J.  There  is  as  great  a  difproportion  be- 
twixt the  collc6live  body  of  the  law  at  prefent, 
and  that  which  was  in  Sir  Edward  Coke's  time, 
as  there  is  betwixt  the  latter  and  the  Twelve 
Tables.  Viner  has  abridged  it  into  twenty-two 
folios  i  and  Sir  William  Blackttone,  like  an 
expert  chymift,  has  drawn  off  the  fpirit,  and  left 
the  caput  mortuum  for  the  benefit  of  the  law- 
yers. He  died  at  his  houfe  at  Stoke  in  Buck- 
inghamfhire,  the  third  of  September,  1634, 
in  the  eighty-third  year  of  his  age  §. 

HENRICUS  MONTAGU,  miles,  fum- 
mus  jufticiarus  banci  regis;  F.  Delaram  fc.  /^to. 

Another-,  or  the  fame  pLiU  greatly  altered^  by  De- 
laram i  Jix  Latin  verfes^  ^to. 

Sir  Henry  Montagu,  fon  of  Sir  Edward,  and  ''••"mot.  16 

grandfon  to  lord  chief-juftice  Montagu,  in  the 

*  When  lie  prefixed  at  the  trial  of  Sir  Walter  Ralej^h,  he  call- 
ed him  "  Traitor,  monfter,  viper,  and  1;->ider  of  heli  :"  and  he 
told  ^/lrs.  Turner,  who  was  concerned  in  the  podbning  ot  Sir 
Thomas  Cverbury,  that  "  She  was  guilty  of  the  (even  deadly 
•'  fins;  (he  was  a  wliore,  a  bawd,  a  lorcerer,  a  witch,  a  papilt, 
•'  a  felon,  and  a  murderer/' 

■f-  Clarendon,  vol  i.  p.  6. 

i  In  Barrington's  "  Obfervations  on  the  Statutes,"  3d  edit. 
p.  Ill,  note,  is  this  i-)a(rige  concerning  him:  "  The  late  publi- 
•'  cation  of  the  Journnis  of  the  Houle  of  Commons  (liews  that  he 
*'  did  not  proftitute  iits  amazing  knowledge  of  the  municipal  law 
*'  to  political  purpofes,  a^  he  generally  argues  in  the  fame  manner 
*'  and  from  the  fame  autiiorities  which  he  cites  in  his  "  Inititutes." 

§  Birch's  "  Lives,"  There  is  a  miltake  concerning  his  age,  in 
the  "  Biographia." 

C  c  3  reign 


390  The    HISTORY        JaMesIj 

reign  of  Henry  VIII.  was,  upon  the  removal 
of  Sir  Edward  Coke,  madc^  lord  chief  juftice  ot 
the  King's  Bench.  Such  was  his  merit  in  his 
profcffion,  that  he  was  noi  at  all  difgraced  by 
fucceeding  fo  great  a  man.  He  was  afterwards, 
by  the  intereft  of  the  couj  tefs,  or  rather  mar- 
quis of  Buckingham,  promoted  to  the  high 
office  of  lord'treafurer;  i3ut  was  foon  pulled 
down  by  the  hand  tnat  raifed  him,  as  he  was 
not  fi'fiiciently  obfequiou^  to  that  haughty  fa- 
vourite. See  Ciafs  II.  fee  alfo  Manchester 
in  the  next  reign. 

Sir  JULIUS   C  JE  S  A  R,  knight,  mafter 
of  the  rolls,  &c.  R.  E/Jirack/^  Jc.  ^to. 

His  portrait  is  at  Bcnington,  in  Hertf^rd- 
Ihire. 

Promot.  r.  Sir  Julius  Csefar  defcended,   by  the  female 

ofl.  1614.  jjj^p^  from  the  duke  de  Cefiirini,  in  Italy,  was 
judge  of  the  high  court  of  admiralty,  and  one 
of  the  mafters  of  requefts  in  the  preceding 
reign.  Upon  the  accefllon  of  James,  he  was 
knighted,  and  conftituted  c  hancellor  and  under- 
treafurer  of  the  exchequer;  and  in  1607,  fworn 
of  the  privy-council.  He  was  not  only  one  of 
the  beft  civilians,  but  alfo  one  of  the  bed  men 
of  his  time.  His  parts  and  induftry  rendered 
him  an  ornament  to  his  profeffion  :  and  his 
great  charity  and  benevolence  an  ornament  to 
human  nature.  He  died  the  28th  of  April, 
1639,  and  is  buried  in  the  church  of  Great  St. 
Helen's,  near  Bifliopfgate,  London.  His  mo- 
numenr,  dcfigned  by  himfelf,  reprefents  a  fcroli 
of  parchment  The  infcription,  in  which  he 
engages  himfelf  willingly  to  pay  the  debt  of 
nature  to  his  Creator,  is  in  the  form  of  a  bond; 
appendant  to  which  is  the  feal,  or  coat  of  arms, 

with 


Class  VI.       o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  39I 

with  his  name  affixed.     He  lefc  many  things 
behind  him  in  manufcript. 

Sir  H  E  N  R  Y  H  O  B  A  R  T,  knight  and 
baronet,  lord  chief-juftice  of  the  common  pleas; 
S.  Pajpeus  fc,  /^to. 

His  portrait,  by  Cornelius  Janfen,  is  at  lord 
Buckingham*s  at  Blickling,  Norfolk,  where 
there  are  fcveral  very  old  paintings  of  the  fame 
family. 

Sir  Henry  Hobart  '^^  member  of  parliament  Promot  % 
for  Norwich,  in  this  reign,  was  knighted  upon  Aprii,i6i;( 
the  accefllon  of  James;  and  in  1611,  created 
a  baronet.  On  the  twenty-fixth  of  November, 
1613,  he  was  made  lord  chief-juftice  of  the  com- 
mon pleas.  His  "  Reports"  have  gone  through 
five  editions.  His  head  is  prefixed  to  the  two 
firft  in  quarto  and  folio. 

Sir   JAMES    LEY,   knight  and   baronet, 
lord  chief -juftice  of  the  King's  Bench;  Payne  f. 

Sir  James  Ley,  fixth  fon  of  Henry  Ley,  efq.  Prompt.  29 
of  Tesfont,  or  Teffont,  in  Wiltfhire,  was  for  ^"'-  '^"* 
his  fingular  merit,  made  lord  chief-juftice  in 
Ireland,  and  afterwards  in  England,  by  James  I. 
He  was  alfo,  by  that  prince,  created  baron  Ley, 
of  Ley,  and  conftituted  lord  high-treafurer ;  in 
which  office  he  was  fucceeded  by  Sir  Richard 
Wefton  f.  On  the  acceffion  of  Charles,  lie  was 
created  earl  of  Marlborough,  Ok  14  Mar. 
1628-9.  He  maintained  an  unblemiflied  cha- 
radter  in  all  his  great  offices,  and  deferves  to  be 
remembered  as  a  confiderable  antiquary,  as  well 
as  an  eminent  lawyer.     His  *'  Reports,"  before 

•  The  name  is  pronounced  Hubbart,  or  Hubbard. 

t  Lloyd  fays  that  "  He  had  a  good  temper  enough  for  a  judge, 
**  but  not  for  a  ftatefman ;  and  for  any  Itatefman,  but  a  lord- 
**  treafurer  5  and  for  any  lord-treafurer,  but  in  king  Charles's 
**  aftive  time."    Lloyd's  *'  Worthies"  8vo.  p.  94-<i.. 

C  c  4  which 


3^2  T  K  E   H  I  S  T  O  R  Y       James  I: 

which  is  his  head,  were  firft  printed  in  1659, 
folio.  Several  of  his  pieces,  relative  to  anti- 
quity, were  publifned  by  Hearne. 

Sir  WILLIAM  JONES,  one  of  the 
judges  of  the  King's  Bench.    See  the  next  reign. 

Sir  G  E  O  R  G  E  C  R  O  K  E.  There  is  a  print 
of  him  by  George  Vaughan,  infcribed,  ^'  Temp. 
*'  Jac.  Reg."  but  the  infcription  round  the  oval 
fnevvs  that  it  belongs  to  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 

FRANC  ISCUS  MORE,  de  Faley,  in 
cpmitatu  Berks,  miles,  &c.     W.  Faithornef,  large 

Sir  Francis  More,  K  F.  tF.  exc.  /\to  neat. 

Sir  Francis  More,  born  at  Eaft  IlQey,  or  II- 
defiey,  near  Wantage  in  Berkihire,  was  a  fre- 
quent fpeaker  in  parliannent  in  this  and  the 
preceding  reign.  In  16 14,  he  was  made  fer- 
jeant  at  law;  and  1616,  knighted  by  king 
James,  at  Theobalds.  He  was  a  man  of  merit 
in  his  profeffion,  and  of  a  general  good  cha- 
rader.  His  "  Reports,"  in  the  reigns  of  Eli- 
zabeth and  James  1.  were  publilhed  in  1(56^, 
with  his  portrait  prefixed.  His  learned  reading 
concerning  the  ftatute  on  charitable  ufes,  which 
he  drew  up  himfelf,  is  printed  with  Duke's 
book  on  that  fubjedt.  Ob.  20  Nov.  162 1,  ^t. 
6^.  He  lies  buried  at  Great  Fawley,  near 
"VVantage. 

MICHAEL  DALTON,  Arm.  y^/.  64, 

'|6i8  ;  /\.to.    Etched  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Tyfon,  in  1770, 

after  a  painting  of  Cornelius  de  IS! eve,  in  the  pojfejfwn  of 

G.  Greaves,  Efq.    There  is  a  fmall  head  of  him  by 

Marjhall^  together  with  the  heads  of  Coke,  Littleton, 

Lam- 


Class  VI.        of  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  393 

Lamlert^,  and  CromptoTiy  all  very  eminent  lawyers. 
Before  a  f mall  octavo  entitled^  "  A  Manuel,  or  Ana- 
kha  formerly  called  the  Complete  Jufiice,'* 

Michael  Dalton  was  formerly  as  well  known 
for  his  book  on  the  office  of  a  Juftice  of  the 
iPeace,  which  has  been  publiihed  under  different 
titles,  as  Burn  is  at  prefent.  His  "  Officium 
Vicecomitum,  or  Duty  of  Sheriffs,"  was  alfo  a 
book  in  good  efteem.  In  Neal's  "  Hiftory  of 
the  Puritans/*  vol  i.  p.  511,  of  the  odavo  edi- 
tion, mention  is  made  of  Mr.  Daulton,  the 
queen's  counfel,  who,  in  1590,  pleaded  againlt 
Mr.  Udal,  who  was  condemned  for  writing  a 
libel,  called  "  A  Demonftration  of  Difcipline." 
This  was  probably  the  lawyer  here  mentioned. 

SCOTS    LAWYERS. 

THOMAS  CRAIGde  Ricartoun,  eques, 
jurifconfultus  Edinburgenfis,  in  Scotia;  Vertuefc, 

Sir  Thomas  Craig  was  author  of  a  learned 
and  accurate  treatife  on  the  feudal  law,  intitled, 
"  Jusfeudale,"  Lond.  1655.  The  "  Epiftola 
Nuncupatoria"  is  addrefl'ed  to  James  the  firft  -f-. 
He  was  alio  author  of  "  Scotland's  Sovereignty 
afferted,"  being  a  difpute  concerning  honiage, 
1698;  8vo.  In  Nicolfon's  *'  Scortifh  Hiftorical 
Library"  is  part  of  a  fpeech  by  Sir  George  Mac- 
kenzie, in  which  is  the  following  beautiful  paf- 
fage  concerning  this  able  lawyer,   "  Qui  (advo- 

•  William  Lambert,  autiior  of  «  Report's  or  Cafes  in  Chan- 
cery," collefted  by  Sir  Geoi  ge  Gary,  one  of  the  matters  of  chan- 
cery, 1601. 

t  This  book  is  commended  by  Dr.  Hurd,  in  his  "  Moral  and 
Political  Dialogues,"  p.  261,  2d  edit. 

«  cati) 


394 


The  history       James  L 

**  cati)  ante  Cragiiim  floruere  nobis  vix  aliter 
**  cogniti  funt  quam  montes  i!ii  quidiftantia,  non 
'*  humilitate,  minuuntur.  Infe  nutem  Cragius 
*'  tam  recondita  dodrina  auftus  erac,  ut  eloquen- 
**  tiam  fperare  vix  poffic ;  ejus  tanta  in  foro 
*'  aucloricas  ut  eloquentia  non  indigeret,  et 
**  trunco,  non  frondibus,  efFecit  umbram." 

ADAiMUS  BLACUODEUS,  Regis 
apud  P'^ones  Conliliarius :  Joan*  Picart  delin,  ^ 
fecit i   1 044.     In  a  lawyer's  habit, 

Adam   Blackwood,    a  Scotfman,   who   had 
been  a  retainer  to  the  unfortunate  queen  Mary, 
and  who  had  great  obligations  to  her,  diftin- 
guiflied  himfelf  as  a  violent  advocate  for  that 
princefs.     In    1587,  he  publifhed    in    French, 
his  '•  Martyrdom  of  Mary  Stuart,   Queen  of 
*«  Scotland,"  written  with  all  that  bitternefs  of  re- 
fentment  which  is  natural  for  a  man  of  fpirit  to 
feel,  who,  by  an  a6b  of  flagrant  injuftice,  was 
deprived  of  his  miftrefs  and  his  fovereign,  his 
friend  and  his  benefaftrefs.     He  addrefles  him- 
felf, in  a  vehement  flrain  of  paffion,  to  all  the 
princes  of  Europe  to  avenge  her  death  ;  de- 
claring that  they  are  unworthy  of  royalty,  if 
they  are  not  roufed  on  fo  interefting  and  preffing 
an  occafion.     He  laboured  hard  to  prove  that 
Henry  the  Eighth's  marriage  with  Anne  Bolen 
was  inceftuous,  a  calumny  too  grofs  to  merit  a 
formal  refutation.     He  continued  many  years 
in  the  ftation  of  a  counlellor,    or  fenator  at 
Poiftiers.     He  died  in  161 3.     His    writings, 
which  fhew  him  to  have  been  a  civilian,  a  poet, 
and  divine,  were  colleded  and  publilhed  at  Pa- 
ris, by  Sebaftian  Cramoify,    1644.     See  more 
of  him,  in  Nicolfon's  "  Scottifh  Hiftorical  Li- 
brary/* in  Samuel  Jebb's  fecond  folio,  con- 
cerning 


Class VII.     of  ENGLAND.  ^^5 

ccrninff  Mary,  queen  of  Scots,  and  in  the  preface 
to  it.  Henry  Blackwood,  royal  profeflbr  of 
phyfic  at  Paris,  of  whom  there  is  an  octavo 
print,  by  Mellan,  was  of  the  fame  family. 

CLASS    VIL 

MEN  of  the  SWORD. 

O  F  F  I  C  E  R  S  of  the  A  R  M  Y. 

ARTHUR,  lord  CHICHESTER,  lord 

baron  of  Belfaft,  lord  high-treafurer  of  Ireland,  and 
fome  time  lord  deputy  of  that  kingdom ;  eleven 
years  and  upwards,  one  of  the  privy-council  in 
England,     In  armour. 

Lord  Chichefter,  in  his  youth,  robbed  one 
of  queen  Elizabeth's  purveyors,  who  were  but 
Hide  better  than  robbers  themfelves.  He  foon 
after,  to  avoid  a  profecution,  fled  into  France, 
where  he  fignalized  himfelf  as  a  foldier,  under 
Kenry  IV.  who  knighted  him  for  his  gallant 
behaviour.  He  was  fliortly  after  pardoned  by 
the  queen,  and  employed  againft  the  rebels  in 
Ireland.  In  X604,  he  was,  for  his  eminent  fer- 
vices  in  reducing  and  civilizing  that  kingdom, 
made  lord-deputy,  and  created  baron  of  Belfaft  Made lord- 
by  James.  During  his  government,  the  Irilh  ^'p-^^^°'** 
began  to  afllmilate  themfelves  to  the  manners  1612^°"' 
and  cuftoms  of  the  Englifh,  and  the  harp  was 
iirft  marfhalled  with  the  Britilh  arms.  This 
great  general,  and  wife  ftatefman  died  1605. 

GEORGE  CAREW,  afterwards  earl  of 
Totnes.     See  the  next  rei2:n. 

Sir  HORATIO  VEER,    (Vere;  Knt. 
lord  general,  &c.  Ddaramfc,  ^io. 

Sir 


39(?  The    HISTORY      James  I. 

Sir  Horace    Vere,   fince  baron  of  Tilbury; 

Faithcrne [c,  ^to.    In  Sir  Francis  Veres  "  Commen' 

tarie's" 

Sir  Horace  Vere,  younger  brother  to  Sir 
Francis,  had  the  command  of  the  forces  fent 
by  James  to  recover  the  Palatiinte.  He  was  a 
man  of  a  moft  Iteady  and  fedate  courage  ;  and 
pofTefled  that  prefence  of  mind  in  the  greateft: 
dangers  and  emergencies,  which  is  the  higheft 
qualification  of  a  general.  It  was  owing  to  this 
quality,  that  he  made  that  glorious  retreat  from 
Spinola,  which  was  the  greateft  adion  of  his 
life'^.  His  taking  of  Sluys  was  attended  with 
difficulties  v/hich  were  thought  infuperable.  See 
the  reign  of  Charles  I. 

General  CECIL,  fon  to  the  earl  of  Exeter, 
"  employed  by  his  majefty  over  his  forces,  &c.  in 
''  the  aid  of  the  princes  of  Juliers  and  Cleve ;" 
S.  P^iJlfausfc.  1618  ;  ^to.fcarce. 

His  portrait,  known  by  the  name  of  lord 
Wimbleton,  is  in  the  poflefllon  of  lord  Craven. 

Sir  Edward  Cecil,  fccond  fon  of  Thomas,  the 
firft  earl  of  Exeter,  was  one  of  the  moft  con- 
fiderable  generals  of  his  time;  he  having  ferved 
for  thirty-five  years  in  the  Netherlands,  the  beft 
fchool  for  war  in  this  age.  He  had  the  com- 
mand of  the  Englifli  forces  at  the  battle  of 
Newport,  and  was,  in  tlie  beginning  of  the 
next  reign,  admiral  of  the  Fleet  fent  againft 
Cadiz.  This  expedition  was  attended  with 
fome  difgrace,  as  the  fleet  arrived  at  that  place 

•  A  great  general,  who  commands  a  fmall  army  againft  an- 
other great  general,  with  a  large  one,  mull  a6t  with  more  pro- 
priety in  Cecuring  a  good  retreat,  than  in  fighting.  Spinola  faid, 
that  Sir  Horace  Vere  ««  efcaped  with  four  thoufand  men  from  be- 
••  tween  his  fingers." 

too 


Class  VII.       of    ENGLAND. 

too  late  in  the  year  for  adion,  and  returned 
without  eiFeduating  any  thing.  He  was,  by 
Charles  I.  created  vifcount  Wimbleton.  Ob,  16 
Nov.  1638. 

Sir  J  O  H  N  BUR  G.    See  the  next  reign. 

Generofiffimus  GULIELMUS  FAIRFAX, 
praefeaus  cohortis  Ang.  in  Palat.    R.  Gey  wood  I 

"  To  Frankenihal  *  when  fiege  Cordoua  laid, 

"  So  was  our  Britifn  king-craft  over-knaved ' 

"  By  Gondomar,  as  in  it  martyr  made 

"  This  honourable  cadet ;  and  fo  ftav'd 

"  Off  all  recruits,  thatBurroughs  their  comm'ander, 

*' Our  glorious  Burroughs,  was  compell'd  to  render." 

GuLiELMus  Fairfax,  &c.    Four  Latin  verfesi 
2vo.  ■^ 

Captain  William  Fairfax  was  one  of  the  brave 
officers  who  loft  their  lives  at  the  fiege  of 
Frankendale,  in  attempting  impoffibilities;  who, 
without  hope  of  fuccefs,  fought  with  all  the  ar- 
dour of  the  moft  determined  courage,  actuated, 
by  a  profped:  of  vidory. 

Sir  H  E  N  R  Y  R  I  C  H,  captain  to  the  cruard, 
&c.     W,  Pafsfc.  ^^io,  "" 

The  handfome  perfon  of  this  gentleman  at- 
traded  the  notice  of  king  James,  who  created 
him  baron  of  Kenfington,  and  earl  of  Holland. 
He  greatly  improved  the  fine  old  houfe  at  Kenf- 
ington, called  after  his  name.  It  was  the  feat 
or  Sir  Anthony  Cope,  whofe  fifter  he  married. 

ARTHURUS  SEVERUS  NONESUCH  O 
TOOLE,  iff/.   80,    1 6 18.     Jn  eld  man  in  armour, 

•  Frankendale, 


39^  The    HISTORY        JamesL 

mib  a  /word  in  his  hand,  on  the  Made  of  which  are 
wany  crowns :  at  the  bottom  are  the  following  verfes^ 
reprefeiiting  him  as  an  adventurer. 

**  Great  mogurs  landlord,  both  Indies  king, 
*'  Whofe  felf-admiring  fame  coth  loudly  ring  ; 
«c  Writes  fourfcore  years,  more  kingdoms  he  hath 

*»  right  to, 
''  The  ftars  fay  fo,  and  for  them  he  will  fight  too : 
**  And  though  this  worthiefs  age,  will  not  believe 

"  him, 
*«  But  clatter,  fpatter,  (lander,  feoff,  to  grieve  him  5 
"  Yet  he  and  all  the  world  in  this  agree, 
«'  That  fuch  another  Toole  will  never  beV* 

F,  Delaramfc.  h.fh. 

I  ant  informed)  thai  this  print  was  prefixed  to 
Baylor,  the  Water  Voefs  "  Honour  of  the  noble  Cap- 
taine  O'^oole^'*  firji  edition^  1622.  This  pamphlet 
is  reprinted  in  the  folio  edition  of  his  works. 

Captain  O'Toole  was  a  man  of  an  odd  afpefl, 
and  a  fingular  compofition  of  vanity,  courage, 
and  caprice.  He  took  every  occafion  of  exer- 
cifing  and  boafting  of  his  precipitate  valour, 
which  he  abundantly  difplayed  againfl:  the  Irifh 
rebels.  Ireland  was  not  the  only  fcene  of  his 
romantic  bravery;  he  ferved  as  a  volunteer  in 
various  nations,  and  was  as  notorious  and  ridi- 
culous in  other  parts  of  Europe  as  he  was  in  his 
own  country.  He,  like  Tom  Coryat,  was  the 
whetftone  and  the  but  of  wit.  John  Taylor 
has  exercifed  his  rude  pen  in  an  ironical  pane- 
gyric on  him,  dedicated  "  To  the  unlimited 
"  memory  of  Arthur  O'Toole,  or  O'Toole  the 
"  Great,  being  the  fon  and  heir  of  Brian 
«'  O'Toole,  lord  of  Poore's  Court  and  Farre 
*'  Collen,  in  the  county  of  Dublin,  in  the 
•'  kingdom  of  Ireland,  the  Mars  and  Mercury, 

"  the 


Class  VII.     of    ENGLAND.  399 

*^  the  Agamemnon  andUIyfles,  both  for  wifdom 
'f  and  valour,  in  the  kingdoms  of  Great  Britaine 
«  and  Ireland."  in  the  arsumenc  to  the  hif- 
tory,  or  encomium  on  him,  m  verfe,  the  author 
clafTes  him  with  Therfites,  Amadis  de  Gaul, 
Don  Quixote,  Garagantua,  and  other  wild  and 
redoubtable  adventurers ;  and  informs  us,  that 
Weftminiter  is  now  honoured  with  his  refi- 
dence. 

OFFICERS  of  the  NAVY. 

HENRY  VERK  earl  of  Oxford,  men^ 
tioned  in  the  fecond  Clais,  was  vice-admiral  for 
the  Englifli  coaH:,  under  the  duke  of  Bucking- 
hafh,  in  thij  reign*. 

Captain  JOHN  S  M  I T  H,  admiral  of  New 

England ;  S.  Pajjleus  fc.  The  head,  of  an  ocfavo 
Jize,  is  in  the  map  of  New  Engl  and ,  in  "  Smith's  Hif- 
iory  of  Virginia,'^  f^V.  1632  •,/<?/. 

His  portrait  occurs  feveral  times,  in  another  map 
belonging  to  the  fame  hijlory* 

Captain  John  Smith  deferves  to  be  ranked 
with  the  greateft  travellers  and  adventurers  of 
his  age.  He  was  fome  time  in  the  fervice  of 
the  emperor,  and  the  prince  of  Tranfylvania, 
againfb  the  Grand  Signor,  v/here  he  diftinguifh- 
ed  himfelf  by  challenging  three  Turks  of  qua- 
lity to  fingle  combat,  and  cutting  off  their 
heads ;  for  which  heroic  exploit,  he  bore  three 
Turks  heads  betwixt  a  chevron,  in  his  arms  f. 
He  afterwards  Vv^ent  to  America,  where  he  was 
taken  prifoner  by  the  favage  Indians,  from  whom 
he  found  means  to  efcape.     He  often  hazarded 

•  Wilfon,in  Kennet,  ii.  p.  74?. 

t  Quwre,  if  it  fliould  not  be  a  chevron  betwixt  three  Turks 

headst 

his 


400  TheHISTORY      James,  I. 

his  life  in  naval  engagements  with  pirates, 
Spanifli  men  of  war,  and  in  other  adventures; 
and  had  a  confiderable  hand  in  reducing  New 
England  to  the  obedience  of  Great  Britaini  and 
in  reclaiming  the  inhabitants  from  barbarifm. 
See  a  detail  of  his  exploits  in  the  "  Hiftory  of 
Virginia,  New  England,  and  the  Summer  IQes," 
written  by  himfeif. 

CLASS     VIII. 

SONS  of  PEERS  without  Titles,  Baronets, 
Knights,  Gentlemen,  and^perfons  in  infe- 
rior Civil  Employments. 

Created  by  Sir  HUGH  MYDDLETON.  (Bart.)— 
James  I,  ^^  rj.^^  famous  aquedu6l  called  the  New  River, 
"  was  performed  at  his  charge,  notwithftandirig 
*^  many  natural  difSculties,  and  the  envious  op- 
'*  pofition  he  met  with,  A  D.  1613.  He  alfo 
*'  caufed  to  be  wrought  the  filver  mines  in  Wales, 
"  to  the  great  advantage  of  the  crown,  and  of  the 
"public."  C.  John/on  p.  Vertue  fc.  1722;  large 
h.Jh. 

His  portrait  is  in  the  pofleiTion  of  John  Lu^ 
ther,  efq.  of  Mylefs,  in  Elfex. 

Sir  Hugh  Middleton  united  two  fpririgs,  one 
in  the  parifli  of  Amwell,  near  Hertford,  and 
the  other  near  Vv^are;  and  conveyed  them 
through  a  winding  courfe  of  fixty  miles  to  Lon- 
don. He  is  faid  to  have  erecled  no  lefs  than 
eight  hundred  bridges,  for  neceflary  paflages 
over  this  river.  This  great  work,  which  feems 
to  have  been  better  fuited  to  the  genius  of  a 
Roman  emperor,  than  of  a  citizen  of  London, 
was  begun  the  twentieth  of  February,  1608,  and 
ftnilhed  the  twenty-ninth  of  September,  1613. 

Sir 


Class  VIIL      o  f   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  401 

Sir  R  I  C  H  A  R  D  SPENCER;  in  a  col- 
le^fion  of  heads  publijhed  by  HondiuSy  1608. 

There  is  a  fmall  head  of  him,  infcribed  "  H.  Ri- 
"  chard  Spencer^  Ridder,  Ambaf.  Extraord."  It  is 
engraved  ivith  fevenleefi  other  heads  of  amhaffadors  to 
the  States  of  Holland.  This  Jlxews  that  he  may  be 
placed  iii  the  fifth  clafs. 

Sir  Richard  Spencer  of  Offley,  in  Hertford- 
fhire,  was  fourth  Ton  of  fir  John  Spencer  of 
Althorp,  in  Northamptonfhire,  anceftor  of  the 
prefenc  duke  of  Marlborough.  The  Spencers 
of  Hertfordihire  are  defcended  from  fir  Ri- 
chard. 

«  Sir  P  H  I  L  I  P  P  A  R  K  E  R,  a  Morley-, 
"  of  Ewarron,  in  Com.  Suffolk,  Knt.  fon  of  fir 
*'  Henry  Parker,  Knt.  eldeft  fon  and  heir  of 
"  Henry  Parker,  Lord  Morley,  and  lineal  an- 
'*  ceftor  of  Catharine  Parker,  Countefs  of  Eg- 
"  mont ;  knighted  by  Queen  Elizabeth,  1578.'* 
J.  Faber  f.  1747,  Sw. 

In  the  "  Hiftory  of  the  Houfe  of  Yvery," 
for  which  this  print  was  engraved,  is  a  parti- 
cular account  of  the  family  of  Parker.  It  there 
appears  that  this  gentleman's  mother  was  Eli- 
zabeth, daughter  and  fole  heir  of  fir  Philip 
Calthrope,  of  Erwarton,  in  Suffolk,  knt.  by 
Anne,  daughter  of  William  Boleyn,  knt.  and 
aunt  to  queen  Elizabeth.  Sir  Philip  left  a 
daughter  Catharine,  who  efpouled  fir  William 
Cornwallis,  anceftor  to  lord  Cornwallis ;  and  a 
fon,  named  Calthrope,  who,  in  1640,  was 
knight  of  the  fhire  for  Suffolk. 

Vol.  I.  D  d  Sir 


402  The    HISTORY        JamesI. 

Sir  W  I  L  L  I  A  M    W  A  D  D,   (or  Waad) 
late  lieutenant  of  the  Tower  j  T.  Jenner  exc.  fmall 

Sir  William  Wadd,  a  man  of  great  learning, 
generofity,  and  benevolence,  who  had  been  em- 
ployed by  cjueen  Elizabeth  in  feveral  embaf- 
fieS)  was  removed  from  the  lieutenancy  of  the 
Tower,  to  make  way  for  fir  Gervafe  Elways  -f , 
a  man  of  a  proftitute  cKara6ler,  who  was  the 
chief  inftrument  in  poifoning  fir  Thomas  Over- 
bury.  The  pretence  for  his  removal  was  his 
allowing  the  lady  Arabella  Stuart,  his  prU 
foner,  a  key.  Lloyd  tells  us,  that  "  to  his  di- 
redlions  v/e  owe  Rider's  "  Diflionary ;"  to  his 
encouragement  Hooker's  "  Polity  ;"  and  to  his 
charge,  Gruter's  "  Infcriptions  J."  This  ex- 
cellent man  employed  a  faithful  and  judicious 
friend  to  admonifh  him  of  every  thing  that  he 
faw  amifs  in  his  condudt. 

Sir  WILLIAM  SE  GAR,  garter  king  at 
arms.     See  Clafs  IX. 

Sir   ALEXANDER    TEMPLE;  i2. 

Wl^iie  fc. 

I  know  no  more  of  this  gentleman,  than  that 
he  was  fajther  of  lady  Lifter,  mentioned  in  the 

•  In  bifliop  Carleton's  <'  Thankful  Remembrance  of  God's 
Mercy,"  is  a  fmall  print  of  him,  refembling  this;  in  which  lie 
is  reprefented  in  a  ftudious  pofture,  putting  together  feme  frag- 
ments of  a  treafonable  paper,  which  had  been  torn  and  throwa 
into  the  fea,  by  Crighton,  a  Scotch  jefuit,  and  blown  into  a  (hip 
where  he  was.  Liice  the  editors  of  the  infcriptions  on  Duillius's 
pillar,  and  the  Arundel  marbles,  he  fupplied  what  was  wanting, 
by  conjefture;  but  what  was  conjectural,  perfeiSly  coincided- 
vvith  what  was  vifible. 

t  Or  Ellis. 

I  S:ate  Worthies,  p,  60 1, 

reiga 


Class  VIII.      o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  403 

reign  of  Charles  I.    There  is  a  good  portrait  of 
him  at  Hagley,  by  Cornelius  Janfen. 

DARCY   WENTWORTH,  ^/.   32, 
1624;  Wm.  Pajs  fc. 

We  are  informed  by  Collins,  in  his  Peerage, 
that  Michael,  eldeft  Ton  of  John  lord  Darcy, 
married  Margaret  daughter  of  Thomas  Wenc- 
worth,  of  Wentworth  Woodhoule,  in  the  coun- 
ty of  York,  efq.  by  whom  he  had  a  fon  John 
who,  in  1587,  became  lord  Darcy.  This  John 
lord  Darcy,  dying  in  1655,  left  iflue  his  only 
fon  John,  and  two  daughters.  It  appears  from 
this  account,  that  Darcy  "Wentworth  was  not 
a  fon  of  any  of  the  noble  perfons  abovemen- 
tioned,  but  was  probably  allied  to  this  fa- 
mily ^. 

THOMAS  HARLEY,  efq.  of  Bramp- 
ton Bryan  (in  Herefordfhire) ;  jEL  47,  1606; 
Vertuefc.  h/jh.  -]-  Several -prints  of  the  Hurley  family, 
^c.  were  engraved  hy  Vertue,  for  the  "  Hijiorical 
"  Colle£iions  of  the  noble  families  cf  Cavendifh,  Hoiks, 
"  Vere,  Harley^  and  Ogle  •,"  compiled  by  Arthur  Col- 
lins efq.  at  the  requeft  of  lady  Oxford^  mother  to  ths 
dut chefs  dowager  of  Portland, 

Thomas  Harley,  a  gentleman  eminent  for 
his  abilities,  and  affluence  of  fortune,  was  fe- 
veral  times  high  fheriff  of  the  county  of  Here- 
ford, in  this,  and  the  former  reign.  In  the 
firrt  of  James,  he  had  the  royal  grant  for  the 
honour  and  caftle  of  Wigmore  •,  and  was  after- 
wards one  of  the  council  to  William,  lord 
Compton,  prefident  of  Wales.     He,  with  great 

•  Collin's  Peerage,  vol.  iii.  p.  aS,  29,  edit.  fJiC, 
f  His  portrait  is  at  Welbeck. 

D  d  2  franknefsj 


404.  The    HISTORY        James  I, 

franknefs,  told  the  king,  that  if  he  purfued 
the  meafures  in  which  he  was  engaged,  they 
would  infallibly  embroil  him  or  his  Ion  in  a 
civil  war.  This  prophetic  fpeech  occafioned 
his  retiring  from  court.     Ob.  Mar.  1631. 

THOMAS  PERCY,  Gent.  See  Per- 
cius,  Clafs  XII. 

THOMAS  S  U  T  T  O  N,  Efq.  founder  of 
the  Charter  Houfe,  An^.  161 1.  Al?  ori^inali  in 
adibus  Carthufianis  \  Faber  f.  1754;  whole  length 
JIj.  mezz, 

Thomas  Sutton,  &c.  Faber  f.  large  ^io.  or 
fmall  h.  Jh. 

Ti-ioMAS  Sutton  •,  in  the  *^  Heroologia  •i'^  ?>vo. 

Thomas  Sutton,  &c,    Eljlracke  fc.  4/^. 

Tfomas  Sutton,  &c.  Van  Hoije  fc.  Frontif- 
piece  to    Heme's    "   Domus  Carthtifianay^    ^^77? 

Thomas  Sutton,   &c.     Vertuefc.  1737  j   ^'^'° 

Thomas  Sutton,  in  the  early  part  of  his  life, 
travelled  to  thofe  countries  as  a  gentleman,  to 
which  he  afterwards  traded  as  a  merchanr.  He 
was,  for  fome  time,  in  the  army  -,  in  which  he 
behaved  himfelf  fo  well,  that  he  obtained  a 
patent  of  queen  Elizabeth  for  the  office  of 
mafter-general  of  the  ordnance  for  life.  No 
man  was  better  acquainted  with  the  myfteries 
of  trade,  and  few  with  the  methods  of  faving. 
By  a  long  courfe  of  frugality  and  induftry,  he 
acquired  a  fortune  fuperior  to  that  of  any  pri- 
vate gentleman  ot  his  time.  This  enabled  him 
to  build  and  endow  the  hofpital  called  the 
Charter  Houfe,  one  of  the  nobleft  founda- 
tions in  the  world.  He  paid  13000  /.  for  the 
ground  only;  and  the  expence  of  the  building 
6  and 


Class  VIII.     o  f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  405 

and  endowment  was  anfwerable.  He  died  the 
twelfth  of  December,  161 1,  in  the  feventy- 
nintb  year  of  his  age.  Mr.  John  Aubrey  tells 
us,  that  Ben  Johnfon  has  charaflerized  him 
under  the  name  of  Volpone  *. 

NICOLAUS  WAD  HAM,  armiger. 
Coll.  Wadhamenfis  fundt.  A°.  D'.  1609;  J.Faber 
f.  large  j\to.  mezz.    One  of  the  Sei  of  Founders. 

Nicholas  Wadham,  of  Merifield,  in  Somer- 
fetfhire,  a  man  of  a  refpeftable  chara6ter,  was, 
together  mth  Dorothy  his  wife,  the  miinificenc 
founder  cf  the  coliege  in  Oxi'ord,  called  after 
his  name.  His  generofity  and  hofpitality  -|- 
were  proportionate  to  the  affluence  of  his  for^ 
iunef.  He  and  his  wife,  who  were  both  of 
the  Romiih  religion,  had  formed  a  defign  of 
founding  a  catholic  feminary  at  Venice  •,  but 
the  love  of  their  country  got  the  better  of  their 
religious  prejudices. 

THOMAS  TESDALE,  (Tisdale) 
armiger ;  unus  fundatorum  Coll.  Pembrochi^,  A. 

«  In  his  "  Anecdotes  of  feyeral  extraordinary  Perfons,"  a  MS. 
jn  the  Alhmolean  Mufeum. 

S.  Hearne,  in  his  "  Life  of  Sutton,"  fays,  it  is  probable,  that 
Johnfon  never  intended  to  chara(5terize  him  under  the  name  of 
Volpone;  "  for,  in  that  age,  feveral  other  men  were  pointed  at, 
*♦  and  who  was  the  true  perfon  was  then  a  matter  of  doubt.  If 
«*  the  poet  defigned  to  injure  the  fame  of  Sutton,  he  was  firftof  all 
^'  an  ungrateful  wretch,  to  abufe  thofc  hands  that  aiforded  him 
*•  bread  ;  for  he  allowed  him  a  conftant  penfion  :  and  fecondiy, 
"  lie  dilowned  his  very  hand-writing,  that  he  fent  to  our  founder, 
<'  in  vindication  of  himfeU  in  this  matter." 

f  Fuller  fays,  "  that  he  had  great  length  in  his  extraflion, 
"  breadth  in  his  eftate,  and  depth  in  his  liberality.  His  hofpital 
«'  houfe  was  an  inn  at  all  times  :  a  court  at  Chriftnias."  Worthies 
in  Somerfet,  p.  30. 

%  Ot  this  various  and  contradiftory  accounts  have  been  given. 
That  which  is  molt  to  be  relied  on  is  in  Wood's  "Hift.  ct  Antiq, 
^*  Univ.  Oxon."  ii.  324.. 

Dom. 


4o5  TheHISTORY       James  II, 

Dom.  1624;  J'Faberf.  large  ^to,  mczz.  One  of 
the  Set  of  Founders. 

Thomas  Tifdale,  of  Glympton,  t(q.  was, 
with  Richard  Wightwick,  or  Whitwick,  co- 
founder  of  Pembroke  College  in  Oxford.  Four 
of  Tifdale's  fellows  are  to  be  of  his  kindred, 
and  the  reft  are  to  be  eleded  from  Abingdon 
fchool. 

Alderman  L  E  A  T  E,  a  head  in  an  oval.  AhouS 
the  oval. 

"  Let  arms  and  arts  thy  praifes  fpeak, 
*'  Who  waft  their  patron  worthy  Leate." 

Below, 

"  London  may  boaft  thy  praife,  and  magnify 
"  Thy  name,  whofe  care  her  ruins  did  repair  ; 
"  And  in  exchange  of  fonl  deformity 
"  Hath  deckt   and  graced   her  with  beauties 

*'  rare, 
*'  The  fame  whereof  refoundeth  far  and  near. 
"  Then  honour  him,  who  thus  hath  honour'd 

"  thee, 
"  And  love  his  name  in  all  pofterity.'* 

J.  Payne  fc. 

Alderman  Leate,  a  man  of  great  ingenuity 
and  public  fpirir,  was  well  known  in  the  reigns 
of  Elizabeth  and  James  L  for  the  furveys 
which  he  took  of  different  parts  of  the  city  of 
London,  and  the  many  ufeful  and  ornamental 
alterations  which  he  projected  in  the  ftreets  and 
buildings.  Some  of  them  were,  to  the  pro- 
jeftor's  honour,  carried  into  execution.  Stowe 
mentions  a  plan  of  Moorficlds,  as  it  was  in- 
tended to  be  laid  out  by  this  perfon.  It  was 
to  have  been  inferted  in  his  "  Survey  of  Lon- 
"  don." 

2  JOHN 


Class  VIII.       of    ENGLAND. 

"JOHN  GRAVES,  Gent,  aged  loi 
"years,  when  drawn  1616.  He  was  born  in 
"  Yorkfliire,  in  15 13,  and  died  at  London,  in 
*'  1 616,  aged  103  years.  He  was  grandfather  10 
"  Rich.  Graves  of  Mickleton,  efq.  grandfather 
"  to  Rich.  Graves  of  Mickleton,  now  livinr^, 
"1728."     Veriue  fc.h.jh. 

Richard  Graves  of  Mickleton,  in  Glocefter- 
fliire,  efq.  a  noted  antiquary,  caufed  this  print 
to  be  engraved  as  a  memorial  of  his  ancelior  ; 
who  appears,  from  his  ere<ft  pofture,  and  fenfibie 
countenance,  to  have  been  a  very  extraordinary 
perfon  for  one  of  his  age. 


407 


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