THE LIBRARY
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES
THE
MONUMENTAL BRASSES
OF
GLOUCESTERSHIRE.
THE
Monumental Brasses
OF
Gloucestershire.
CECIL T. DAVIS,
Member of the Biistol and Glouccstersliire Arcluvological Society.
Xondon:
Phillimore & Co., 36, Essex Street. Strand,
1899.
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2008 with funding from
Microsoft Corporation
» http://www.archive.org/details/brassesofgloucesOOdavi
Ms
mi
IN
MEMORY
OF
MY FATHER,
5/// NOVEMBER, 1897.
PREFACE.
Scattered over the county of Gloucester, sometimes in
out-of-the-way places, are still to be found a goodly number of
those very interesting memorials called Monumental Brasses.
These brasses are worthy of more than a passing notice,
they furnish us with information most valuable to the
historian, both general and local, and give many details
of much importance to the herald, genealogist and antiquary.
To the general reader they are equally interesting, since they
are richly suggestive, and full of the touching pathos of the
past. They clearly mark the successive steps of our nation's
progress — they tell of those stern and terrible times of strife
and glory through which England has passed — they bear
silent witness to those grand and far-reaching changes which
have made our country what it is — and they give an insight
into the currents of thought and feeling which deeply moved
our forefathers.
Gloucestershire contains more than eighty of these incised
memorials, embracing a period of several centuries. In
one place we have the valorous knight clad in glittering coat
of steel — in another a tonsured ecclesiastic in vestments rich
and elaborate — then the gentlewoman in the costume peculiar
to her time — but whether knight, or priest, or lady fair, each
is of importance in giving with remarkable fidelity a life-like
picture of the military, sacerdotal, and domestic life of by-
gone times.
One cannot but deeply regret that these unobtrusive
memorials have suffered much mutilation and spoliation at
the hands of the thief and the religious fanatic, as well as from
the culpable neglect of their lawful custodians. Many brasses,
whose matrices alone are left to record the melancholy fact,
are utterly lost and doubtless many more have perished of
whose existence not a trace remains. One would fain hope
that every particle still left us will be jealously guarded and
saved from further harm by those to whom the care of them
is entrusted. As works of art, many being of the finest
execution and of great merit, they are deserving of careful
preservation. They form an attractive class of engraved
portraitures in metal. Among them will be found the quaint,
the picturesque, the bold, the simple, the graceful and the
magnificent; even to the casual observer they are each and
all of them attractive.
Trusting to awaken interest in, and to draw attention to,
these long neglected memorials, descriptions are now given of
those Brasses in this county, on which are engraven figures of
men and women and children. Mere inscriptions, and even
those accompanied by coats of arms, have been omitted. I
shall always be glad to hear of any discoveries of brasses or
matrices which may be made in the county.
Much might be said of the fascination that a study of these
memorials induces. One is brought, as it were, into contact
with the ages in which the persons commemorated played their
respective parts in the great drama of life.
The series is a thoroughly representative one, deeply
interesting and instructive. The examples too are varied.
We have the knightly effigy of the doughty warrior as well as
that of the peaceful citizen ; the stoled priest in vestments
rich, the uplifted chalice ; as also " ye ladye faire " arrayed in
the quaint though costly dresses of the olden time ; the
wealthy woolstapler, ancestor of a noble house ; the grave
judge in his official robes, and even the miner in his work-a-
day homely garb, carrying his mattock — all are included.
I beg to thank many friends — some alas ! are no more — for
much valuable help most ungrudgingly given, and especially
I wish to offer my acknowledgments to the clergy without
whose kind permission I should have been unable to obtain
the many rubbings needed to render this series of Glouces-
tershire Brasses complete.
It gives me much pleasure to express the great indebted-
ness I owe to the Rev. C. G. R. Birch, LL.M., for the
excellent metrical translations of the quaint Latin inscriptions,
and to Mr. H. E. Jackson for the great care he has devoted
to the illustrations.
The Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A., Vicar of South Cerney,
described the Monumental Brasses at Cirencester in a paper
which appeared in the Transactions of the Bristol and
Gloucestershire Archaeological Society for 1877. By his kind
permission some of his descriptions have been reprinted. I also
acknowledge my indebtedness to the late Sir YYollaston Franks.
F.S.A., and Sir John Maclean, F.S.A., also to the Rev. W.
Bazeley, M.A., Rev. J. M. Hall, M.A., the late Rev. T. P.
Wadley, M.A., Messrs. C. R. B. Barrett, M.A., the late J. H.
Cooke, F.S.A., E. H. W. Dunkin, R. L. Leighton, F. W.
Newton, the late J. D. T. Niblett, F.S.A., Mill Stephenson,
F.S.A. T. Wareing, and A. E. Hudd, F.S.A.
The index has been made by Mr. F. YY. Short, Hon.
Secretary of the Monumental Brass Society, and it greatly
enhances any value there may be in the work.
At the spring meeting of the Bristol and Gloucestershire
Archaeological Society, in April, 1882, I read a paper on the
Brasses of Gloucestershire ; a promise was then made of col-
lecting the rubbings of the Monumental Brasses in the county,
and describing them in detail. These accounts were com-
menced in the issue of the Gloucester Journal in May, 1882,
and were finished in April, 1890. Some of the descriptions
were reprinted in local newspapers, as the Evesham Journal and
Four Shires Advertiser, and the Stroud Journal.
The following pages are the descriptions mentioned above,
they having been carefully re-read before being printed in
book form. They have appeared as a separately paged
supplement of Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. The first
instalment appeared in the issue dated January, 1894, an<^
the last in 1899.
The following arrangement has as far as practicable been
observed in the several descriptions of the Brasses. — (1) An
abstract of the record of the brass from the " Manual of
Monumental Brasses," by the Rev. H. Haines, M.A., Part II.
ed. 1861. (2) The position of the brass in the Church. (3)
Its size. (4) A description of the figure, etc. (5) Inscription.
(6) Heraldry. (7) The titles of works in which engravings of
the brass are extant. (8) What portions, if any, of the brass
are lost. (9) A brief memoir when possible of the person
commemorated. The Brasses are described as far as
possible, in chronological order, following the dates given by
the Rev. H. Haines.
Cecil T. Davis.
Public Library,
Wandsworth, S.W.
CONTENTS
Preface
List of Brasses ...
List of Illustrations
Descriptions of the Brasses
Summary
Lost Brasses
Modern Brasses...
Corrigenda et Addenda
Index ...
xni
xvii
i
200
206
221
222
225
List of Brasses,
I
C1370
2
1392
3
1396
4
1400
5
CI400
6
ci 400
7
1401
8
1401
9
1411
10
CI411
ii
CI430
12
1438
13
1439
14
1440
15
1442
Winterbourne. A lady of the Bradestone family ... 1
WOTTON-UNDER-EDGE. Thomas, 4th Lord Berkeley,
and wife Margaret... ... ... ... 2
Bristol, Temple Church. Civilian, half effigy ... 9
Deerhurst. Sir John Cassy and wife Alice ... 10
Cirencester. Wine Merchant (?) and wife Margaret 16
Northleach. Wool Merchant and wife ... ... 19
Chipping Campden. William Grevel and wife Marion 21
Dyrham. Sir Morys Russel and wife Isabel ... 25
Bristol, Trinity. John Barstaple. ... ... 28
Bristol, Trinity. Isabella, wife of last ... ... 28
Quinton. Joan, wife of Sir William Clopton ... 30
Cirencester. [Richard] Dixton. ... ... 33
Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Sir John Juyn ... 37
Cirencester. Robert Page and wife Margaret ... 39
Cirencester. Reginald Spycer and four wives,
Margaret, Juliana, Margaret, and Joan ... ... 42
16 C1445 Newland. Man in armour and wife ; crest, represent-
ing a "free miner" ... ... ... 44
17 1447 Northleach. Thomas Fortey, imperfect, William
Scors, and their wife Agnes ... ... ... 48
Chipping Campden. William Welley and wife Alice 51
Lechlade. [John Townsend] and wife ... ... 52
Northleach. [John Fortey] ... ... ... 54
Bristol, Temple Church. A Priest, on reverse a lady 58
Bristol, St. Peter. Robert Lond, chaplain ... 58
Rodmarton. John Edward ... ... ... 60
Cirencester. William Prelatte and two wives, Agnes
and Joan ... ... ... ... 62
Chipping Campden. John Lethenard and wife Joan 66
Cirencester. William Notyngham and wife Christina 68
Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Philip Mede, Esq., and
two wives ... ... ... ... 69
18
H50
19
CI450
20
1458
21
ci 460
22
I461
23
I46I
24
I462
25
I467
26
CI47O
27
1475
xiv. LIST OF BRASSES.
28 1478 Bristol, St. John. Thomas Rowley and wife Margaret 73
29 1478 Cirencester. Ralph Parsons, priest ... ... 75
30 C1480 Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. John Jay and wife Joan 76
31 C1480 Cirencester. A priest ... .. ... 81
32 C1480 Cirencester. Civilian and wife ... ... 81
33 14S4 Chipping Campden. William Gybbys and three wives,
Alice, Margaret, Marion ... ... ... 82
34 C1485 Micheldean. Margery and Alice, wives of Thomas
Baynham ... ... ... ... St,
35 CI485 Northleach. Woolman and wife ... ... 87
36 C1490 Northleach. [John Taylour] and wife Joan ... 89
37 1493 Tormarton. John Ceysyll ... . . ... 91
38 1497 Cirencester. John Benet and wife Agnes ... 94
39 1497 Sevenhampton. John Camber ... ... . 95
40 1500 Fairford. John Tame and wife Alice ... ... 98
41 C1500 Cirencester. Civilian, head restored ... ... 103
42 C1500 Minchinhampton. Civilian and wife ... ... 103
43 1501 Northleach. Robert Serche and wife Anne ... 105
44 1505 Olveston. Morys Denys and son Sir Walter Denys... 106
45 C1510 Lechlade. [John Tvvinyhow] ... ... ... 109
46 ct5io Minchinhampton. John Hampton and wife Elyn in
shrouds. Their daughter, Dame Alice, in the dress
of a nun ... ... ... . ] IO
47 1513 Cheltenham. [Sir Wm. Greville] and wife ... 113
48 1515 Bisley. Katherine, wife of Thomas Sewell ... 115
49 1518 Eastington. Elizabeth Knevet... ... ... 117
50 1519 Gloucester, St. Michael. Alys and Agnes, wives of
William Henshawe ... ... ... no
51 1519 Minchinhampton. Edward Halyday and wife Margery 122
52 C1520 Deerhurst. A lady... ... ... ... 124
53 C1520 Dowdeswell. A priest ... ... ... 124
54 1521 Kempsford. Walter Ilichman and wife Cristyan ... 126
55 1522 Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. John Brook and wife
Joan ••• ••• ••• ... ... 127
56 1523 Newent. Roger Porter, Esq. ... ... ... I2g
57 1525 Deerhurst. Elizabeth, wife of Walter Rowdon ... 131
58 1526 Berkeley. [William Freme] ... . . ... i-,2
59 1526 Northleach. Thomas Bushe and wife Joan ... 135
60 C1530 Cirencester. Two ladies ... ... ... 138
61 C1530 Northleach. William Lawnder, priest ... ... 139
62 1534 Fairfolo. Sir Edmond lame and two wives, Elizabeth
and Agnes .. ... ... ... I4I
65
1546
66
1559
67
1560
68
i57<»
69
1 57 1
70
1583
LIST OF BRASSES. xv.
63 1534 FAIRFORD. Same as last ... ... ... 144
63A 1540 Gloucester, St. John. John Semys and two wives 149
64 1544 Gloucester, St. Mary Crypt. John Cooke and wife
Joan ... ... ... ... ... 154
1546 WESTON-UPON-AVON. Sir John Greville ... ... 158
WESTON-UPON-AVON. Sir Edward Greville ... 162
Whittington. Richard Coton and wife Margaret ... 163
Bristol Grammar School. Nicholas Thome and two
wives, Mary and Bridget ... ... ... 165
Thornbury. Avice, wife of Thomas Tyndall ... [69
Clifford Chambers. Hercules Raynsford and wife
Elizabeth ... ... ... ... 172
71 1586 Bristol, St. Werburgh. William Gyttyns and wife
Mary .. ... ... ... ••• I76
Cirencester. Philip Marner ... ... ... 177
WESTON-SUB-EDGE. William Hodges ... .. 179
YATE. Alexander Staples and two wives, Avis and
Elizabeth ... ... ... ... 180
LECKHAMPTON. William Norwoodd and wife Elizabeth 181
Clifford Chambers. Elizabeth, wife of Edward
Marrowe ... ... ••• ••• 185
Wormington. Anne, wife of John Savage ... 187
Abbenhall. Richard Pyrke and wife Joan ... 190
Todenham. William Molton and wife Millicent ... 192
Minety [Nicholas Poulett] and wife Mary ... 194
Cirencester. John Gunter and wife Alice ... 195
82 1636 Bristol, St. James. Henry Gibbes and wife Ann... 197
7-
1587
75
1590
74
1590
75
C1598
76
1601
77
1605
78
1 609
79
1614
80
ci 620
81
1626
List of Illustrations.
I 1392
WOTTON-UNDER
-Edge.
Collar of Mermaids
2
2 I392
)! 1!
„
Gauntlets
3
3 1392
.) II
,,
Sword Belt
3
4 1392
)» n
!l
Sollerets and Lion
4
5 1392
)» 11
»)
Dog ...
5
6 1400
Deerhurst.
Head ...
11
7 1400
JJ
Lion
12
8 1400
.,
Dog "Terri "
13
9 1400
!>
St. John the Baptist
13
10 1400
„
St. Anne and the Virgin Mary
14
1 1 1400
n
Honeysuckle
15
12 1400
,,
Arms of Cassy
15
13 C1400
ClRENXESTER.
Wine Cask
17
14 CI400
i)
Shield ...
17
15 CI400
NORTHLEACH.
Girdle ...
19
16 CI400
„
Anelace
19
17 C1400
jj
Woolpack
20
18 C1400
,,
Dog ...
20
19 1401
Chipping Campden.
Merchant's Mark ...
22
20 1401
)! )>
Arms of Grevel
23
21 1401
Dyrham.
Sollerets and Lion
26
22 1401
„
Dog ...
26
23 1401
11
Shields
27
24 14' 1
Bristol,Trinity Chapel
.. Feet ...
28
25 1411
i) )>
)>
Groundwork
29
26 1411
1) )!
M
Merchant's Mark ...
29
27 1411
J5 J)
„
Inscription
29
28 1411
!) ))
„
Shield ...
30
29 C1430
QUINTON.
"Pear"
3i
30 CI430
„
Shield
32
3i -1430
„
Shield
32
32 CI430
„
Shield
32
33 1438
Cirencester.
Dog
35
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
H38
1439
1439
1440
144"
1440
1440
1440
1442
1442
44 C1445
45 'I 445
46 C1445
47 1447
48 1447
49 1447
50 ci 45o
5i 1458
52 1458
53 1458
54 C1460
55 ci 460
56 1 46 1
57
58
59
60
61
Newland.
7 XORTHLEACH.
Lechlade.
xorthleach
I462
1462
I467
1475
62 1478
63 1478
64 1478
65 CI480
66 C1480
67 CI480
68 ci 480
69 ci 480
70 ci 480
71 ci 485
72 CI485
73 C148S
74 ci 485
Cirencester. Pommel of Sword
Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Break
Shields
Cirencester. Pendant
„ Woolsack
„ Son
„ Daughter
„ Merchant's Mark
,, Reginald Spycer and four Wives
Merchant's Mark
Head and Helmet
Inscription
Crest ...
Feet of William Scors
Inscription
Date ...
Feet ...
Feet ...
„ Detail and Canopy
„ Merchant's Mark ...
Bristol, Temple Church. Lady
,, ,, ,, Priest
Rodmarton. Head ...
Cirencester. Defence of Arm ...
„ Feet
Chipping Campden. John Lethenard and Wife Joan
Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Philip Mede and
two Wives
St. John. Purse and Beads
,, Merchant's Mark
Shield
St. Mary Redcliff. Purse and Beads
„ ,, Daughter ...
,, ,, Rose
Shield
Merchant's Mark
his
Cirencester. Priest .
Micheldean. Margaret Baynham
Northleach. Feet of Husband ...
,, Daughters
Merchant's Mark ...
36-
38
38
4i
4i
4i
4i
4i
43
44
45
46
47
49,
50
5°
53
55
5<>
56
59
59'
61
63
65
67
70
73
74
74
76
77
77
80
84
87
88
88.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
75
ci 490
NORTHLEACH.
Sheep on Woolpack
76
11490
,,
End
[ of Inscription
77
1493
TORMARTON.
Fee
t ...
78
'493
„
Inscription
79
1497
Cirencester.
Merchant's Mark ...
So
1500
Fairford.
Lance Rest
81
1500
„
Sabbatons
82
1500
,,
Shield
83
1500
II
Shield
84
1500
,,
Shield
75
1501
NORTHLEACH.
Scroll
76
1 50 1
,,
Monogram
77
1505
Olveston
M01
ys Denys
78
1505
,,
Shield
79
ISo5
„
Shield
80
1505
11
Shield
81
1 5<o
„
Shield
82
C1510
Lechlade.
Mer
chant's Mark
83
t-1510
MlNCHINHAMPTON.
John Hampton
84
C1510
i>
Eldest Son ...
85
C1510
„
Alice Hampton
86
1518
Eastixgton.
Shield
^7
1518
„
Elizabeth Knevet
88
1518
,,
Shield
89
1518
,,
Shield
90
1519
MlNCHINHAMI
>TON.
Merchant's Mark
9i
C1520
Deerhurst.
Pendant
92
C1520
DOWDESWEU.
Morse
93
1 52 1
Kempsford.
Merchant's Mark
94
1523
Newent.
Shield
95
1532
QUEDGELEY.
Shield
96
1526
Berkeley.
Heart
97
1526
NORTHLEACH.
Feet
98
1526
,,
Feet
99
1526
„
Merchant's Mark
100
1526
,,
Canopy
101
"530
II
At End of Inscription
102
ci53o
„
" Holy Trinity "
103
1534
Fairford.
Sir Edmond Tame
104
1534
,,
Inscription ...
105
1534
„
End of Inscription
106
1534
,,
" Holy Trinity "
90
90
91
93
95
99
99
101
102
102
105
106
107
108
108
109
109
no
in
112
1 12
117
118
119
118
123
12).
125
126
I2Q
I30
1 33
135
136
■ 3°-
137
140
141
142
143
144
145
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
107
1534
Fairford. Shield
... 146
108
1534
Shield
146
109
1540
Gloucester, St. John Baptist. John Sem
ys ... 150
no
1540
)» ji j)
,, Margaret
Semys ... 151
III
1544
Gloucester, St. Mary de Crypt. John &
Joan Cooke 154
112
1544
)i >) >>
,, Canop)
- 155
113
1544
11 II ))
,, Canopy ... 157
114
i54^
Weston-upon-Avon.
Sir John Greville
... 159
US
1559
1) II 1!
Sir Edward Greville .
... 162
ll6
1560
Whittington.
Child
... 165
127
ci570
Bristol.
Mary Thorne
... 166
128
i57i
Thornbury.
Avice Tyndall
... 170
129
1583
Clifford Chambers.
Feet
... 173
ISO
1583
!)
Arms
... 174
131
1586
Bristol.
Circular Plate
... 176
132
1587
Cirencester.
Philip Marner
... 178
133
1590
Yate.
Child
... 180
134
C1598
Leckhampton.
Shield ...
... 182
'35
,,
Seal and Autograph
of William
Norwood. 21 jac. 1. ... 184
136
1601
Clifford Chambers.
Elizabeth Marrowe
... 186
137
1601
„
Shield
... 187
133
1605
WORMINGTON
Anne Savage
... 188
139
1605
,,
Shields
... 189
140
1609
Abbenhall.
Thomas and Robert 1
Jyrke ... 191
141
1604
Todenham.
Shield
... 193
142
1620
Minety.
Crests
... 195
143
1624
Cirencester.
Alice Gunter
... 196
144
1624
Kintbury, Berks.
Shield
... 196
145
1636
Bristol, St. James.
Henry Gibbes
... 198
146
ci 460
Cirencester.
Lily Pot ...
... 207
147
C1500
,,
Civilian and Wife
... 209
148
„
Vase
... 211
149
C1511
Cubberley.
Shield
212
150
1500
North leach.
Children ...
... 216
151
1400
Deerhurst.
Shield ...
222
152
1526
Berkeley.
Head
... 223
Note. — All the illustrations are reduced to quarter of the original
rubbings, with the exception of Figs. 131, 133, 134, which
are half scale.
GLOUCESTERSHIRE
MONUMENTAL BRASSES.
i.— TKfltnterbourne.
A lady, circa 1370, canopy and marginal inscription lost. —
Haines.
Position. — On the floor at the east end of the North Aisle.
Size. — 6ft. X 2 ft.; figure only, 4 ft. 5 in. x 1 ft. 1 in.
Description. — This is the oldest brass now existing in
Gloucestershire, though indents still remain of earlier ones.
The lady wears the veil head-dress which was the prevailing
fashion of the period. It consists of a cap which closely fits
the head and hides the forehead, reaching down in a horizontal
line to the eyebrows, and falling vertically at each side, encloses
the face in somewhat of an oblong frame. Over this is thrown
a veil or kerchief falling down on the back and over the
shoulders. Her cote-hardie or gown, which is without
buttons — is peculiar in having pocket-holes in front and through
these is seen the cincture of the kirtle which was worn
beneath — it fits closely to the body and arms, it is cut square
and low at the neck and the sleeves extend nearly to the wrist.
The kirtle has long sleeves closely buttoned, reaching nearly
to the knuckles. The feet are represented small and she wears
shoes with pointed toes. The hands are folded in the attitude
of prayer.
2 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Inscription — Lost, not given in any of the county histories.
Heraldry — " The Bradestones of Winterbourn bore for
their arms, — Argent, on a canton gules a rose or, barbed
proper." — Rudder, p. 834.
Illustration. — BouteWs Series.
Portions lost. — The inscription, canopy, two shields at the
top and a portion of the right hand corner of her skirt.
Biographical Account. — Haines suggests " Perhaps Agnes,
wife of Sir Thomas de Bradestone, 1369-70, or Blanch, widow
of Robert Bradestone, 1391-2."
1 1 .— Wotton*unt>er=o£t>ge.
Thomas, fourth Lord Berkeley, 141 7, and wife Margaret,
daughter and heiress of Gerard Warren, Lord Lisle, 1392,
large, inscription lost. Altar Tomb, North Aisle. Haines.
Position. — The above are placed on a raised altar-shaped
tomb of Purbeck marble as recorded by Haines.
Size.— 6 ft. x 5 ft.
Description. — On his head Lord Berkeley wears a pointed
bascinet, or conical helmet of steel, to which the camail is
attached by means of a cord passing through a groove
formed by two raised rims with separate enriched plates placed
over the holes of the bascinet. This groove is round the lower
end of the bascinet, and carried up by the sides of the face, the
rings to which the cord is fastened are shown at the top. The
indent of a heaume, or tilting helmet, shows the former support
of the head. The beard is covered by the camail, but the
moustache is visible. The shoulders are protected by the
camail, or tippet of
chain mail, and over
it is thrown a collar
of mermaids, a
cognisance of the
Berkeley s ; no other instance of such a collar is recorded.
The mail is represented as made of over-lapping rings, or of
rings set edgeways. Mail is also used at the gussets to allow
the arms and feet to be used freely. A portion of the hawberk
hangs beneath the escalloped edge of the tight-fitting jupon or
jerkin. The arms are protected by brassarts of plate, of
which the fastenings can be seen, with coudieres or elbow-pieces
Monumental Brasses.
fmmk
and epaulieres or shoulder-pieces. On his hands are leather
gauntlets with an orna-
mental border at the
wrists ; the knuckles are
protected by three rows
of gadlings or knobs,
which were occasionally
used for offence. To
keep the jupon in its
place there is no baldrick,
but an ornamental belt,
sometimes termed the
belt of knighthood, passes
round the hip, the end,
passing under the belt,
hangs down nearly to the
knee of the left leg. The
vacant space at the end was most probably filled by a jewel
either real or imitative.
Unfortunately the sword
which hung by his side
is gone, but a portion of
the guard is left, and the
point of the. chape may
be seen near the left foot.
The cuisses are made of
plate, the knees are
guarded by genouillieres,
and pointed sollerets
protect the feet. Rowel
spurs were generally used
at the end of the four-
teenth century, but the
rowels of his spurs have
disappeared, though the
footstraps are left. His
feet are resting on a lion, facing the spectator.
The brass of Lady Berkeley is remarkable for her head-
dress. The hair is worn over the forehead only, and brushed
back to show the ears, which are not disfigured by earings ; it
is confined in gold or silver net-work, called crestine or crespine,
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
ornamented with jewels at the intersections, a small kerchief is
also pinned at the top of the head and depends behind, it is to
be seen at the top of her head and behind her ears, drooping in
graceful folds nearly to her shoulders ; across her forehead
stretches a jewelled fillet. Yet all the ornamental work to be
seen round her head is not to be confounded with her head dress,
for her head is resting on a piece of cloth adorned with sprays
stretched diagonally on an embroidered cushion, with tassels
Monumental Brasses. 5
at the four corners. Her mantle is long and fastened in
front of her shoulders by a cord which passes through two
metal loops with studs in front, termed fermailes, placed on
each side of the mantle, and usually adorned with jewels ; this
cord passes through a slide, also made of cord, and terminates
below the waist in two tassels. Beneath is a tight-fitting gown,
but whether sleeveless or short sleeved it is impossible to
determine as the mantle hides it, it is cut low at the neck.
Under this emerge the close sleeves of her kirtle buttoned
underneath. Her mantle and gown cover her feet, at which
lies a lap-dog wearing a collar of bells.
The dog represented at the feet of the wife is doubtless
of the same kind as " smale houndes" which were the favourites
of the gentle Prioresse —
" Of smale hounds hadde she, that she fedde
With rosted flesh and milk, and wastel brede ;
But sore wept she if one of hem wTere dead,
Or if men smote with a yerde smart." — Chaucer.
In the Menagier de Paris written circa 1393, the lady of the
household is particularly recommended to think of the
"chamber beasts," such as little dogs.
They are both represented full face, with their hands folded
in the attitude of prayer, Lady Berkeley lying at her husband's
right hand.
Inscription. — Lost, even Smyth who gives the epitaphs of
other members of the family fails to record this one.
Heraldry. — Smyth gives illustrations of the following three
seals : —
1. When he attained full age, a chevron and ten crosses,
6 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
about two inches in diameter, without supporters or crest,,
circumscribed " Sigillum T homes de Berkelee.'n
2. In the middle part of his life, as above, supported by-
two mermaids without crest, circumscribed " Sigillum Thotnee
dni de Berkeley."
3. In the latter part of his life, a chevron and ten crosses
cornerwise, with mermaids as supporters, and " a helmet for
crest, the circumscription as last."
In the British Museum are two examples of his seal, which
are thus described in the Catalogue of Seals : —
4. " On a tree-stump set on a mount of herbage, a shield
of arms, couche, a chevron between ten crosses crosslet, six in
chief four in base, Berkeley. Crest on a helmet and mantling,
a mitre stringed and garnished, charged with cross crosslets
derived from the arms. Supporters two mermaids. Back-
ground replenished with small sprigs of foliage. Within a
carved gothic quatrefoil of elegant design, ornamented with
small ball flowers along the inner edge. Legend between the
lobes of the quatrefoil — [Sigi]W thome dni de berkley. The
letters ho of thome, and be of berkley are conjoined."
5 "A shield of arms Berkeley, suspended by a strap from
a forked tree on a mount. Supporters ; two mermaids.
Within a carved gothic quatrefoil panel or quadrilobe
ornamented along the inner edge with small quatrefoils*
Sigillu' : [tho]me : dni: de : berkele ; "
Illustrations.— Illustrations of this brass will be found in
Fosbrookes Gloucestershire, vol. I., p. 477 ; Hollies Monumental
Effigies, pt. IV., pi. 10 ; BoutelVs Monumental Brasses, p. 57
(Collar of Mermaids) p. 135 ; Haines, vol. I. p., cxlviii. (Head of
Lady Berkeley); Cooke's History of Berkeley, p. 31; Art
Journal, vi, p. 34; Planche's Cyclopedia of Costume, p. 129,.
(Collar, Mermaid) ; Bigland's Gloucestershire.
Portions lost. — The inscription, heaume, sword, dagger,
rowels of spurs, and shields, if any.
Biographical Account. — Though this Lord Berkeley is
termed fourth lord, he was really the tenth.
In Smyth's " Lives of the Berkeleys " the second volume
commences with " The life of Thomas lord Berkeley the
fourth of that name." Thirty-eight pages are devoted to him
and from them the following information is taken.
Monumental Brasses. 7
He was born at Berkeley Castle on January 4th, 26 Edw.
III., 1352. In 41 Edw. III. it was agreed between his father
Maurice lord Berkeley, and Gerrard Warren lord de Lisle,
that Thomas should marry Margaret, daughter of the said
Gerrard, her portion being 1,100 marks. " And that the said
Margaret, by reason of her tender age (then being about
seaven) should for fower years remaine with her father, and
this Thomas de Berkeley with his father." " But the sickness
of the lord Maurice Berkeley increasing, notwithstanding the
former agreement of fower years stay : they were by his
request maryed at the said lord Lisle his house at Wengrave,
in Buckinghamshire, in November next following." He was
15 years of age when his father Maurice died on June 8th, 42
Edw. III. The king appoints his father-in-law, Warren de
Insula, his guardian, who so well looked after the property
that when Thomas came of age he was well off. At this time
he was knighted " and forthwith passeth to the warrs of
France." In 5 Ric. II. his wife and her father come to
Berkeley ; and Thomas gives his father-in-law free permission
to live at Berkeley and to enjoy the fishing and hunting
pertaining to the Castle : " the good old lord de Insula, the
28th of June next after these sweet and sociable agreements,
in 6 Ric. II. dyeth." In 1 and 2 Ric. II "this lord was
imployed both by sea and land in the warrs that then were
hott both against Ffrance and Spaine." In 4 Ric. II. he was
fighting in Britany, in 8 and 9 Ric. II he accompanied the
king against the Scots, and the next year the king came to
Berkeley Castle. In 16 Ric. II. "this lord went beyond seas
into Ffrance and other Countryes." '• This was no martiall
expedition but occasioned as it may seeme upon greefe
conceived by the death of his wife, or to avoid the danger of
Court stormes which then began to bluster with an hollow
wind." In 1399 a meeting of nobles took place at Berkeley,
and Thomas declared " hee made himself a spetiall witnes at
Flint Castle of king Richard's promise to renounce the
Crowne." He testified it in the king's presence in the Tower of
London ; and on the meeting of the three estates in Parliament,
a bishop, abbot, earl, baron, and knight being the represent-
atives chosen to pronounce his majesty's deposition, he was
the baron appointed for that purpose. In 5 Hen. IV. he was
made admiral of the king's fleet, from the mouth of the Thames
8 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
to the west and south, and sworn of the king's privy council
in open Parliament. He (Waif, eodem anno) burnt fifteen
sail of French ships in Milford Haven, part of the fleet sent
to the assistance of Owen Glendower, and took fourteen more,
on board of which were the seneschal of France, and eight
officers of note, whom he made prisoners. In 6 and 7 Hen.
IV. he was chief commander in the Welsh wars, and engineer
at the sieges of Lampadervar, in Pembrokeshire. He was at
the battle of Agincourt in 1415, and Drayton mentions
" Berkeley and Burnell two brave English lords."
He was also fond of sporting, and preserved foxes and
game largely. He greatly increased his estate by purchasing
manors, advowsons, etc., and other property from time to time.
Pope Urban VI., in 1380, "by his Episcopall bull," gave him
leave to choose his own confessor. " In short, he was not only
a great soldier, but was distinguished as a lover of learning.
John Trevisa, the famous vicar of Berkeley, celebrated by
Bale for his learning and eloquence, translated the Old and New
Testaments into English at the request of this lord Berkeley."
He made his will 2nd February, 1415, (3 Hen. V) and
amongst his numerous bequests appears, " to the Church of
Berkeley, one green pair of vestments, with all their furnyture ;
and to the Church where his body should bee buryed his best
paire of vestments, with all their furniture, £20 money, and one
guilt crosse, with all the relikes inclosed in the same, with all
his best cruets, and also one white pair of vestments with all
their furniture, and also the best paire of his black vestments,
and his best missale, with a good chalice; and to the Chaple
within Berkeley Castle, one paire of satten vestments, one
missale, two chalices, and one paire of cruets.'' Unfortunately
he made no testamentary disposition of his property, which
became the source of lawsuits between the descendants of his
nephew James, who succeeded him, and the descendants of
his daughter.
" Upon the 13th of July in the fifth year of that victorious
king Henry the fifth, Anno. 1417, the glasse of this lord
Thomas runneth out, at Wotton-under-edge, hee then of the
age of 64 yeares six monthes and eight days, whereof hee had
sate lord 49 yeares one month and 5 dayes ; and lived a
widdower the last twenty six years thereof, or neer there-
Monumental Brasses, g
abouts ; and lyeth buried in the parisli Church of Wottor)
under-Edge witli the translated bones of the lady Margaret
his wife resting by him, under a faire tombe there.
Nos quos certus amor primis conjunxit ab annis
Iunxit idem tumulus, junxit idemque polus.
In youth our parents joyn'd our hands, our selves, our hearts,
This tombe our bodyes hath, th' heavens our better parts.
It has been already stated that he married Margaret, sole
daughter and heiress of Gerard Warren lord Lisle (de Insula)
by Alice, daughter of Henry lord Tyes. Her brother Gerard
married Anne, daughter of Monsieur Michael de la Pole, but
dying without issue, Margaret became the heiress of her
father. On his death, when she was twenty two years of age,
the two baronies of Lisle and Tyes came to the Berkeley
family, and her husband's estate was doubled. Smyth describes
her as a ik very mild and devout lady." " This lady Margaret
died at Wotton-under-Edge, the twentieth of March, about the
fifteenth year of Richard the second, then about thirty years
of age ; having been maryed at seaven ; and lyeth buried in
the parish Church of Wotton under a faire tombe by the side
of her husband, whither her bones were translated : The
greefe of whose death soe fastened upon the affections of her
lord and husband, that hee never alter affected manage,
although hee was at her death but thirty eight years of age,
and of an able constitution, and then without issue male to
uphold his name and barony." They had only one child, a
daughter named Elizabeth, who married Richard Beauchamp,
son and heir of Thomas, earl of Warwick and left issue, three
daughters (i) Margaret, who became the second wife of John
Talbot, first earl of Shrewsbury ; (2) Ellenor, was first married
to Thomas lord Koos of Hamelake, and secondly to Edmond
Beaufort, Duke of Somerset ; (3) Elizabeth, was married to
George Neville, lord Latimer, a younger son of Ralph Neville.
earl of Westmoreland.
in— Bristol— Uemple Cburcb.
A civilian [1396] half effigy, four latin verses. North
aisle. — Haines.
Position. — The brass is now on the chancel >- floor, but
originally it was in the Weaver's Chapel.
Size. — 22^ in. x 19 in.
D scription. — His hair is cut short, and he is represented
as clean-shaven. He wears simply a hood and a tunic, which
io Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
is the usual costume of demi-figures of this period. His tunic
has close fitting sleeves with ornamented cuffs: buttoned
gauntlets extend half-way up his hand. He is shown full face
with hands folded in the attitude of prayer.
Inscription. — This is below the figure: —
TBs testis ipe : q&' non iacct bic lapis iste
Corpus vt ornet' : set spc vt memoret
fnnc tit qui transis: maguus meoius puer an sis
lpro me funfce preces : oabtt' micbi sic vente spes
which is thus translated in " Notes on the Ecdesiastical and
Monumental Architecture and Sculpture of the Middle Ages in
Bristol;' by George Pryce, 1850:— "Thou art a witness, O
Christ ! that this stone is not intended to ornament the body,
but to commemorate the spirit, into which thou hast passed,
great Mediatory Son : pour out thy prayers for me and thus
give me pardoning hope." In ,l Bristol, Past and Present;'
it is thus rendered :— "Thou art witness O Christ, that this
stone is not here laid to adorn the body, but that the soul
may be remembeied. You who pass by, whether old, middle
aged or youth, make supplication for me that I may attain
hope of pardon."
Haines records that these verses, with slight variations,
were oftentimes introduced into inscriptions.
Illustration.— In Pryce's "Notes,'' a poorly executed
sketch of this brass is given on p. 118, fig. 9.
Portions Lost. — The inscription round the margin.
Biographical Account. — As the marginal inscription is lost,
it is not known who is commemorated by it. In " Notes on
Monumental Brasses in Gloucestershire;' Sir A. W. Franks,
F.R.S.. F.S.A., says it is "of a wool merchant, for which this
part of England has been so long famous. "—Proc. Soc. Antiq.,
2 s. vol. vii., p. 409.
The Rev. T. P. Wadley, M.A., kindly supplies the follow-
ing names of Bristol worthies, buried in the Temple Church
there :— William Hervy, 1394; William Temple, 1393;
Alexander Moys, 1395 ; Peter Atte Barugh, 1396.
iv.— Beer burst.
Sir John Cassy, 1400, and wife Alice, canopy with SS.
Anne and John Baptist (the latter lately stolen) and marginal
inscription. North Aisle. — Haines.
Monumental Brasses.
ii
Position. — On the floor at the east end of the North Aisle.
Size. — 7ft. 5m. x 3ft. 1 in.
Description. — This brass affords a very fine illustration of
the costume worn at this period by Judges, Barons of the
Exchequer, and other law officers. He wears a close fitting
coif, or skull-cap, which was worn by judges to conceal the
tonsure, for they were occasionally priests as well ; this cap
has an embroidered band crossing from the forehead to the
back of the head (6).
Serjeant Pulling, in
" The Or dei' of the
Coif,''' says, that the
original coif was a
close fitting white cap
of lawn or silk ; but
this gradually disap-
peared until nothing
remains but a curious
circular patch visible
upon the crown of a
Serjeant s wig. The
hair is cut short, and
is seen on the forehead
and brushed hack ^'HPlf*^|l
behind the ears ; he is Fig. 6. Head, 1400. Deerhurst.
clean shaven. Around his neck he wears a tippet. The
mantle is lined with minever or vaire, buttoned on the right
shoulder, where three of the buttons are visible, and gathered
over the left arm, from which it hangs in graceful folds.
Beneath is a long robe extending to the ankles, with close
sleeves reaching to the wrists, where they are turned back so
as to form narrow cuffs ; beneath these, sleeves of an under-
dress appear, closely buttoned, and extending nearly to the
knuckles. His feet are encased in embossed shoes with
pointed toes, and they rest upon a lion.:;: (7)
* " It is assumed that the dog and lion of such frequent recurrence at the
feet are so placed as respectively emblems of fidelity and courage. But we
cannot reason this in respect to the little lap-dogs at the feet of ladies as they
are so manifestly introduced as the pets or companions incidental to rank. The
lion was of old a symbol of rank and power, the embodiment of material force.
It is not confined to the effigies of knights and nobles, butthe/wrfge is also so
distinguished, he being a delegate of royal power." — Waller's Mon. Br. p. viii.
12
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Fi'j,. 7. Lion, 1400. Deerhurst.
Lady Cassy wears the reticulated head-dress ; this
consists of a close cap of network, brought round the face so
as to resemble a horse-shoe, which, reaching partway down
the ears, confined the hair from off the face, but allowed it to
fall down on the shoulders, and there apparently the ends of
the hair are kept in place by network, similar to that on her
head. Along the forehead is seen the edge of a small plaited
cap, also called a " fret."
"A fret of gold she had next her hair."
Chaucer. — Legend of a Good Woman.
It was probable that false hair or something else was used
for padding this kind of head-dress. The reticulated head-
dress first appeared on our monumental effigies about the
middle of the fourteenth century, and was, doubtless, intro-
duced into England from the Continent, (where it was in
earlier use), by Philippa of Hainault, Queen of Edward,
III, who died August 5th, 1369. Her gown has narrow
sleeves, and is buttoned up to the neck, and gathered in
closely round the throat, four buttons are seen ; it is not
confined at the waist by a girdle. The ends of the sleeves
are turned back so as to form cuffs, which are deeper than
her husband's, revealing the fur lining; and round the neck
she wears a frill. Proceeding from beneath the sleeves of
the gown are other sleeves, closely buttoned, and ending in
Monumental Brasses.
13
funnel-shaped cuffs. The pointed toes of her embroidered
shoes are seen resting upon a greyhound, which wears .1
collar of bells, and evidently a favourite, lor under it is
engraved its name, "Terri." f (8)
Fig. 8. Dog Terri, 1400. Deerhurst.
The figures are under a double canopy with pointed and
cusped heads springing from foliated corbels; the crocketted
ogee gables are terminated by foliated finials, each tympanum
is filled in with a circular panel containing a conventional
rose. On either side and between the canopies rise paneiled
pinnacles set on diagonally, and terminating
in crocketted finials. The outer pinnacles are
continued down on either side till they meet
the diapered band at the base, and upon which
the figures stand. The centre pinnacle is S
terminated at the springing by a foliated
pendant. The husband is not represented'
straight under tin.' centre of the canop) above WfMjJ
his head, but the wife is. Between the gables
and central pinnacle were two plates of brass
containing effigies of saints. Unfortunately
the plate containing St. John the Baptist has
disappeared, but I am able to give an illustration
(9) from a rubbing of this brass, kindly given me
by the late Mr. J. D. T. Niblett, F.S.A. It
represented St. John Baptist, his head surround-
ed by a nimbus ; his hair and beard are long.
He is dressed in a hairy garment, girt about the
loins with a girdle, tied in front and the ends
Fig 9. St. John the Baptist, 1400. Deerhurst.
I On a brass formerly at Ingham, Norfolk, the pet dog's name was Jakkc
14
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
hanging down. His feet are bare. He is holding a book
fastened by a long clasp, and on which is the sacred lamb,
to which he is pointing with his left hand. Behind the lamb
is a cro's with a streamer flying from the shaft, and on the
streamer is a cross. The corbel on which St. John stands
is ornamented with trefoils.
The other plate (10) represents St. Anne instructing the Virgin
Mary ; St. Anne is wearing the ordinary
costume of widows, consisting of the
veil head-dress, barbe and long robes.
The Virgin Mary has her hair long, and
her head surrounded by a nimbus. A
cape is over her shoulders, and she is
clad in a dress which fits the arms and
body tightly and is laced up the front
from the skirt. The Virgin Mary is
holding a book in her left hand and
apparently writing from the dictation
of St. Anne, who is pointing to the book
with her ri^ht hand, whilst her left
hand is resting on the Virgin Mary's
right shoulder. An illustration of the
same subject appears in the A rt Journal,
NSSSf ^Sf 1851, taken from the chapel of Henry
ftjg l|f VII., in Westminster Abbey. It is
Fig. 10. St. Anne & virgin termed " a good example of the peculiar
Mary. 1400, Deerhurst. taste of the fifteenth century."
Both are lying full faced, with hands folded as if praying,
Lady Cassy being at her husband's right hand
Inscription. — Round the verge is the following inscription
commencing over Lady Cassy's head : —
1bic facet Jobes Cadg milee et quondam capitalis Marc-
s'cc'ij oni iRegis qui obijt jjiij0 Die /Ifoaij Bnno out /lft° CGGGQ
JEt 2Uicia vi'or eius quor' a Tab3 p'picietur beus.
Which may be thus translated : —
" Here lies John Cassy, knight and formerly chief Baron
of the Exchequer of our lord the King, who died on the 23rd
day of May, A.D. 1400. And Alice, his wife, on whose souls
may God have pity."
The intervals between the words are filled with scrolls,
leaves, and flowers, e.g., between "Hie" and " iacet " is a
Monumental Brasses. 15
biped fabulous monster, between " vxor " and " eius " is a
spray of honeysuckle. (11)
Heraldry. — In each angle was a shield, but the ones above
and below the lady are gone. Over
the knight is — " ... a chevron
between three hawks' heads erased,
Fig. 11. Honeysuckle. 1400, Deerhurst.
Cassy," (12) and below " . . . three
lions passant in pale . . ." In the
r r . Fig. 12. Arms of Cassy.
Gentleman's Magazine for February, 1400, Deerhurst.
1840, the latter shield is stated to bear the three lions of
England, the writer having probably been mislead by Gough
or by the plate in Lysons' ' Gloucestershire Antiquities,' and
Mr. Foss has fallen into the same error." — Waller's Man. Br.
Rudder thus describes the shields — Argent, a chevron
between three eagles' heads erased gules for Cassy, and three
lioncels passant guardant, the arms of England. Mr. Dan.
H. Haigh blazons the second shield— three leopards, passant
guardant, but the lions or lioncels are not passant guardant.
Possibly the second shield is for the Gloucestershire family,
e.g., Giffard, — gules, three lions, passant in pale, argent.
On the brass to Richard Cassey, priest ( 1427) at Tredington,
Worcestershire, the former coat appears twice.
Illustrations.— Lysons' Gloucestershire Antiquities, plate
XVII., Waller, plate XV. and in Haines 's Introduction, p.
clxviii (Lady Cas^y onlyj.
Portions Lost. — Two shields, one above and the other
below Lady Cassy, and the plate on which was engraved
St. John Baptist. (9)
Biographical Accou.':. — "The name of this judge first
occurs among the council in Richard Bellewe's Reports in
the time of Richard II. He came of an old Gloucestershire
family, whose possession of the manor of Compton, on the
little river Coin in that county gave it the name of Cassy
Compton {Rudder's Gloucestershire) . Sir John was appointed
chief baron of the exchequer 12 Richard II. 1389 ; letters of
1 6 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
pnvy seal for that office being ordered b\r the council on the
13th November when payment was directed to be made to
him for the time he was in Wales (Nicholas's Ordinances of
the Privy Council). He received a new patent upon the
accession of Henry IV. in 1399, but died in the following
year."- — Waller's Monumental Brasses.
"For more than 300 years the Cassy family appear to
have held the same estate (Wightfield) in the parish. The
moated house on that estate is a very interesting one, and
still bears on its front the Cassy crest." Butterwortlis Notes
on the Priory and Church of Deerhurst.
In 2 Richard II. one Ruyhale and Otho, late clerks of the
peace, certified falsely into the Chancer}' a record concerning
this Lord Thomas (i.e. Thomas, tenth, Lord Berkelev) and
the King, supposed to be taken before Judge Cassy and his
fellow Justices of the Peace ; for which unjust fact this lord
complaynes, and upon hearing thereof Ruyhale is fined 100
marks; and Otho five marks, which either of them do pay,
and so obtained their pardon. Pat. 18, Ric. II., p. 1, m. 26.
A release, dated Saturday, the feast of St. Swithin,
7 Henry IV., mentions William Cassy, son and heir of John
Cassy, of Wightfield, Knight.
v.-Cirencester.
A wine merchant (?) and wife Margaret, circa 1400, under
canopy, large, much worn. Nave. — Haines.
Position. — On a ledger stone in Lady Chapel.
Size. — 8ft. 4m, X 3ft. 5m.
The following particulars respecting this brass are taken
from the valuable and exhaustive paper On the Monumental
Brasses of Cirencester, by the Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A.,
Vicar of South Cerney ; read at the Cirencester meeting
of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society.
The paper is published in the Transactions of that year,
and Mr. Hadow has kindly granted permission to make
use of this important monograph.
Description. — "'But in the same Chapel (Lady Chapel)
there is a very fine specimen, at least sixty years earlier than
Nottingham's ; it lies near the north wall of the chapel, and
is greatly mutilated ; it represents a merchant and his wife,
with a fine double canopy, the underpart of which shows the
groining of the arch, while cusps terminate in trefoils,
Monumental Brasses.
17
characteristics which mark this brass as dating between
1320-60 (temp. Edward II. and Edward III.) The male
figure, which has lost the head, is clad in a gown with flowing
sleeves, and bound round the waist with a girdle falling in
front of the figure; on the end of the girdle the letter % is
found worked as a monogram ; the feet are in pointed shoes,
resting on a wine cask *(i3) and above the canopy,over the male
MWM
Fig. 13. Wine Cask. C 1400. Cirencester.
figure, is a shield (14) bearing an almost obliterated escutcheon
of arms, somewhat resembling the old arms of the city of
Bristol ; so possibly this merchant may have had some connec-
tion with that place. There is also
another escutcheon with the follow-
ing :—$bC baue meres on us.
The female figure has almost entirely
disappeared, but the lower part still
remains, showing the bottom of a
long-flowing kirtle, buttoned to. the
feet, which, like her husband's rest
on a'^wine cask. The inscription,
only a fragment of which remains,
is remarkable for being alternately
in raised and sunken letters, and
is the only specimen' '-* of the two sorts of lettering occurring
* The feet of Simon Seman, Vinter, and Alderman of London (1433) at
Barton-on-Humber, Lincolnshire, rest on wine barrels.
** Inscriptions in raised and sunken letters also occur at Balsham, Cambs.
Dr. John Blodwell, 1462 ; at Biggleswade, Beds. John Rudyn, 1481 ; and others.
Fig. 14. Shield.
C 1400. Cirencester.
18 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
in the same inscription that I am acquainted with." — Trans.
Bris. and Gl. Arch. Soc. : Vol. ii., p. 152.
The canopy is double with pointed and cusped heads,
and crocketted ogee gables, terminating with foliated finials.
The arch is groined. Each tympanum is filled in with a
circular panel witli an ornamental centre. The spandrels are
filled with sprays. On either side and between the
canopies are panelled pinnacles set on edgeways and termin-
ated with crocketted finials; the outer pinnacles are continued
down on either side, forming a border, but the centre one is
terminated in a foliated pendant.
The husband is represented in the attitude of devotion,
the wife is on the husband's left hand.
Inscription. — The portion of the inscription which remains
(two-fifths of the whole) is much worn, but the following
words may be deciphered : —
. . . /ifcargerfa coniuj sua femina
. . . opes rcperat gauoia quoo subeat
. . . mibi • ■ • tempore . . . (scroll work)
. . . cunctis meritts illis sit uita perbennls
Unfortunately this inscription has not been preserved in
any of the county histories.
Heraldry. — As mentioned above, the shield is not easy to
decipher.
Illustration. — I am not aware that this brass has formed
the illustration of any work.
Portions lost. — Head of husband, upper half of wife, more
than half of the inscription, several crockets,, one of the
finials, two of the pinnacles, and two shields at the top of
the brass.
Biographical Account. — Rev. T. P. Wadley, M.A.,
Naunton Rectory, kindly suggests that perhaps the brass
was erected to " Thomas Beaupyne, whose will was made in
1403. and proved or administered to, in 1404. He desired to
be buried in the Abbey of Cirencester, in the chapel of Sir
Henry Mourton, and left the residue of his effects to
Margaret, his wife. He had been a burgess of Bristol."
The Rev. E. A. Fuller, M.A., supposes that he was a
" Gotorest," there being wine-merchants of that name who
lived at Bristol, and were connected with this town.
Monumental Brasses.
'9
vi.-iRortbleacb.
A wool-merchant and wife, circa 1400, large, once in north
aisle, relaid in nave. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the centre of nave.
Size.— Hnsband4ft. gin. x ift. 4m. ; wife 4ft. 7in. x 1 ft 3111.
Description. — The hair of the husband is short and
brushed back from the temples.
" His heer was by his eres rounde i-shorn,
His top was docked lyk a preest biforn.'1
He has moustaches and a forked beard. He wears a tight-
fitting tunic reaching to the ankles; from the waist it is
fastened by buttons, of which nine are visible, the others
being concealed by the hanging portion of the girdle. The
sleeves of this tunic are close-fitting, and from
beneath them emerge the tighter sleeves of an
under-dress with many buttons, fifteen show-
ing on the right wrist and thirteen on the left.
The tunic is
confined at
the waist by a
girdle (15) of
leather adorn-
ed with ros-
ettes,and pass-
ing through a
square buckle
the end is
passed under
the 'girdle
hanging down
in front, and
terminated
by a metal
pendant, on
which is en-
graved the
letter %, prob-
ably one of his
Fig. 15. Girdle, c 1400, Northleach. initials. Sus-
pended from the girdle by a thong on his left
side is the anelace or dagger. (16) Thetopof the _. r
ee v J r Fig. 16. Anelace.
C 1460, Northleach
20
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
scabbard is ornamented with four Gothic canopies, and two on
the chape. Over all is a mantle, fastened by three large buttons
on the right shoulder, which, gathered over the left arm, hangs
gracefully. Round his neck he wears a hood of which two but-
tons are fastened and three unfastened. The shoes are pointed
and fastened across the instep by a plain buckle. By his standing
on a woolpack it is surmised that he was a wool-merchant. (17)
mwmwm
Fig. 17. Woolpack, C 1400, Northleach.
On her head the wife wears a close cap with its front
edges plaited, carried strait across the forehead and down
the sides of the face. Over this is a veil or kerchief falling
down on the back and shoulders. The kirtle is seen at the
neck and wrists, being in both places closely buttoned ; at
the neck the two top buttons are not fastened, and the upper
edge of the kirtle is turned down so as to form a collar. On
the fourth finger of her right hand she wears a ring with a
jewel set in it. Over all is a mantle, fastened in front by the
usual cord, the fermailes and slide are hidden, the ends
«hang down in front, and are
terminated by tassels. At her
feet lies a lap-dog (18) with a
A collar of bells.
^^n^l ^^ i,u '' w*tn hands folded in the
HMH M ^k ^\ act of praying.
J0r^9l ^51 ^^^*«Jr Illustrations. BoutelVs
*#£*" ^s8c3-k Series; Cults (E.L.j Scenes
Fig. 1?. Dog. c 1400. Northleach. and Characters of the Middle
Monumental Brasses. zi
Ages, p. 522 (husband only), Planches Cyclopaedia 0/
Costume, p. 8.
Portions lost. — All that remains of this memorial is in
good condition, but from its being removed and the indent
disappeared, it is impossible to say how much or what of this
brass has been lost. The Rev. E. L. Cutts says that "over
the effigy is an elegant canopy, which it is not necessary for
our purpose to give, but it adds much to the beauty and
sumptuousness of the monument."
Biographical Account. — It is not known to whose memory
this brass is erected.
vii.— iibippino dampfcen.
William G revel, citizen of London, "jlos mercatorum lanar\
tociits Anglie" 1401, and wife Marion [daughter of Sir John
Thornborough ? ] 1386, with canopy, merchant's marks, and
marginal inscription (the end of which was loose Jan., i860),
very large, chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in front of the Communion rails.
Size. — 8ft. gin. x 4ft. 4m. Husband alone, 5ft. 4m. x ift. 4m.
Description. — The hair of William Grevel is short and
removed from the temples like that of the reeve described by
Chaucer in his Canterbury Tales. At this period the young
men were clean shaven, their elders wore a moustache and
beard. Chaucer tells us
A marchant was there with a forked beard,
and this fashion was duly followed by William Grevel. He
wears a tightfitting tunic reaching to the ankles ; from the
waist it is fastened by buttons, of which three are visible above
the girdle and eleven beneath it. The sleeves of this tunic are
close-fitting, and from beneath them emerge the tighter sleeves
of an under-dress with seven buttons showing on each wrist.
The tunic is confined at the waist by a girdle made of leather
profusely adorned, and passing through an oval buckle, the end
is passed under the girdle hanging down in front, and ter-
minated by a metal pendant, on which is engraved a rosette.
On his left side is the anelace, or basilard, which is suspended
from the girdle by a thong. The anelace is broad in the blade,
sharpened on both sides and tapered from hilt to point.
The scabbard is ornamented with little pateras at the top and
middle. Over all is a mantle, fastened by three large buttons on
22 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
the right shoulder, and, gathered over the left arm, hangs
gracefully. Round his neck he wears a hood of which the
buttons are not shewn. The shoes are pointed and fastened
across the instep by a plain buckle. The background of the
feet is plain.
Marion Grevel wears the nebule head dress, which consists
of three rolls of frills worn only on the top of the head and
shoulders. Round her neck is a frill. The kirtle and cote-
hardie are buttoned from the neck to the feet, and more than
four score buttons are shown. In the Romance of Sir
Degrevant, the writer describing the dress of an earl's daughter,
says " To tell her botennes was toore" {i.e., dure, hard) — -to
count her buttons would give much trouble. She wears neither
mantle nor girdle, and closely buttoned mittens are seen on
her wrists. The ends of the shoes are visible.
They have hands folded in the attitude of prayer, the wife
being on her husband's left hand.
The figures lie under a double canopy crocketed and cusped :
in each pedimentisthe merchant'smark. (19) This mark consists
of a cross standing on a globe, and a
streamer attached to the shaft. On
either side and from the middle rise
pinnacles. Between the finials and
pinnacles are four shields. (20) It is very
unusual to find the merchant's mark and
his coat of arms on the same monument.
The two outer pinnacles are continued
Fig. 19. Merchant's . l
Mark. 1401, Campden. down till their bases from the extremity
of the diapered band at the bottom upon which the figures
stand. The centre pinnacle has a foliated capital and is
continued till its base rests on the diapered band.
Inscription. — The inscriptions are placed exactly as on the
French monuments, the husband's beginning under his feet,
the wife's over her head. The legend round the verge comprises
two distinct and complete commemorative inscriptions : —
■$< 1bic iacet Wilelmus ©reuel oe CampDcne l quouom' Giuis
Xon&on' & flos m'cator' lanar' tocius Hnqlie qui obijt p'mo die
menfe ©ctobris air | on'i mill'm'o GCCC" p'mo. ^ 1bic iacet
/Ifcariona vjor | preoicti Wilelmt que obijt S)ecimo oie /nbenfis
For an account of Merchants' Marks see Gloucestershire Notes and Queries
vol. v., p. 107 and vol. vi., pp. 9-12.
Monumental Brasses. 23
Septembrfs anno o'n'i mill mo CCC Xfjf ° U5U Qnor* a'i ab'
[p'picie]tnr Deus- Bmen.
which may be thus translated :
" Here lies William Grevel, of Campden, formerly a citizen
of London, and the flower of the wool-merchants of all England,
who died on the first day of October, A.D. 1401. Here lies
Marion, wife of the aforesaid William, who died on the tenth
of September, A.D., 1386. On whose souls may God have
pity. Amen."
Heraldry. — The arms on the four
shields, are :- — Sable on a cross engrailed
or, five pellets within a bordure engrailed
of the second ; a mullet of the second in
the dexter quarter for difference. The
same still appears on the arms of the
Earls of Warwick, but without the mullet.
Illustrations. — Engravings of this
brass may be found in Gough, vol. II. Fig 20 AmsofGrever
pi. IV., p. 10, Bigland's Collections for 1401, Campden.
Gloucesshire, vol. I., p. 283, BoutelVs Series, Weekly Register,
No. 7, p. 105; BoutelVs Heraldry, Plate, xxxvii. (coat of arms)
Portions Lost. — The lower portion of the central shaft, three
crockets, the capital of the column at the wife's left hand p'picie
of the inscription.
Biographical Account. — -It is said that this family is of
Norman extraction. John Grevill died before 33 Edward III.,
and was succeeded by his son William, who was seated at
Campden. 21 Richard II. he had a son William, who was
known as William Grevel of London, though afterwards he
became of Campden, and is the subject of this memoir.
" William Grevel, woolmerchant, of Campden, who rebuilt
Campden Church, co. Gloucester, lent to King Richard the
Second, two hundred marks, on a promise of repayment at the
ensuing Easter, 1398. He purchased in the same year, of Sir
Walter Beauchamp, Knt., the manor of Millcote, and obtained
a release of the same from William de Peto, Nov. 5, 1398. In
1400-1, 2 Henry IV., he entailed that estate by fine on the
heirs of Joan, his then wife, sister and heir to Sir Philip Thorn-
bury, Knt., and for want of such issue, to John and Lodowick,
his sons by his first wife.
24 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
ATale issue by his second wife Joan failing, he was succeeded
in his estates by his eldest son John, and as an instance of the
change in coat armour common at this period, it is deserving
of note, that this John Grevel bore for his arms — Sable, on a
cross engrailed within a bordure or, ten annulets of the first ;
in the dexter quarter, a mullet of the second. He was suc-
ceeded by his son John, who bore the arms without either
annulets or pellets, but retained the mullet. The arms of the
Grevilles as now borne by them are with the pellets, but
without the mullet." — Willis's Current Notes (1857), vol. VII.,
p. 88.
"Speaking of the eminent clothiersf of Wiltshire, Aubrey
states that 'the ancestor of Sir William Webb, of Odstock,
near Salisbury, was a merchant of the staple in Salisbury. As
Greville and Wenman bought all the Coteswold wool, so did
Hall and Webb the wooll of Salisbury plaines.' "
For the subjoined interesting particulars, the reader is
indebted to the Rev. T. P. Wadley. In a tax roll (numbered
'.'? in the Public Record Office) which seems to belong to 2 or
4 Richard II ; " Will' Greuel meicator Ian' Marie vx1 eV xiijs.
iijd. for both ; his servants Thomas, William, John, and Robert,
and Agnes, and Agnes were taxed iiijd. each.
" The Inquis p. mortem 3 Henry IV. No. 33 records that
Wm. Grevil possessed property in Ullington and Pebworth.
" These occur on the ancient roll of the Guild of the Holy
Trinity, &c, of Coventry, the name of William Grevel, of
Campedene, and Mariota his wife, and Richard Greuel his
father.
"The will of William Grevel, who died in 1401, is registered
at the Lambeth Library, in Arundel, vol. I., fol. 183. It was
made 2 Apr., 1401, and proved at Lambeth, 8th Oct., 1401.
He desired to be buried in the Church of the Blessed Mary of
' Campeden,' and bequeathed a 100 marks to the new work to
be carried on there. Four chaplains were to celebrate daily in
that Church for 10 years and be paid ^"200. Thomas Hare-
well, Richard, my priest, Thomas Geme, John Lawe, John
Thurk, William Welde, Henry Foliot, Andrew Boteller, Wm.
Cooke, were the legatees named. Residue of goods to the
executors, namely, his wife Johan, John Grevell, and Richard
Boschell (apparently Richard Bushell, then of Broad Marston,
- t The general name for a clothier was a "a webbe," under which title
Chaucer has introduced one into his Canterbury Tales.
Monumental Brasses. 25
in Pebworth), who were to dispose, pro anima mea, Sir Rogei
Hatton, abbot of Evesham, and Sir William Bradley,
overseers."
The present Earl of Warwick is descended from Wm.
Grevel and is entitled to quarter his arms. For particulars as
to descent from William Grevel the reader is referred to
" Account of the Greville Family" by J. Edmondson, 1766.
viii.— H)v>rbam.
Sir Morys Russel [1401] , and wife Isabel, with canopy
(pediments only left), 6 Latin verses, large, South aisle. Haines.
Position. — Under a movable platform in south aisle.
Size. — 7ft. 6in. x 3ft. iin.
Description. — Sir Morys is represented in the armour which
was commonly used during the end of the fourteenth and
the first ten years of the fifteenth century. His armour
is therefore very similar to that worn by Thomas Lord
Berkeley, at Wotton-under-Edge, already described in No. II.
of this series. Sir Morys wears the bascinet, camail, and
habergeon of chain mail, breast and back plates, jupon with a
a straight edge, and plate armour over the arms and legs. The
hands are protected by gauntlets which are plain at the wrists,
where the lining is visible, and they are armed with only one
row of gadlings. He wears no collar. Gussets of mail are
shown at the arm-pits, elbow-joints, and also at the knees and
feet. The jupon is confined on the hips by a horizontal
baldrick of square plates of metal richly chased and linked
together, to which are attached the misericorde and sword.
The misericorde, or dagger of mercy, which was used to give
the coup de grace, is also called the basilard. It was a short
dagger without a crossguard, worn on the right side, and
attached to the baldrick by a short cord or chain. The upper
part of the sheath for the sword is ornamented with rich
tracery. The rowels of the spurs are clearly shown, and his
feet are resting on a lion. (21)
Lady Russel wears the nebule head-dress. This consists
of a caul of network arranged in three rows on the top of the
head. Under this caul is a close-fitting embroidered cap,
which keeps the hair off the forehead. The head dress conceals
the ears and falls in a wavy line upon the shoulders, where the
network again appears. She is clothed in a mantle fastened
26
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Fig.21. Sollerets and Lion. 1401, Dyrham.
by a cord. Above the hands we see five buttons of the gown
which is cut higher than that of Lady Berkeley. At her feet
lies a little lap dog with a collar of bells. (22)
Fig. 22. Dog. 1401, Dyrham.
The figures are under a double canopy with oval cusped
heads and crocketted ogee gables. Each tympanum is filled
with a circular panel, containing a shield. The spandrils of
the cusps are filled with leaves and terminate in trefoils.
They both are represented full-face, with hands folded
Monumental Brasses.
27
ready for devotion : the wife lying at her husband's right hand.
Inscription. — Under their feet are the following Leonine
verses :
/IIMles p'uatus vita facet bic tumulatus
Sub petra ftratus /lfcon?6lRurfel vocttatua
3fabcl fponCa fuit buius militis ilra
(Sine iacet abfeonfa tub marmorea mode cifta
Celi folamen. trinftas, bis conferat. amen.
(Slui fuit eft ct erit concito morte perit.
Entombed here bereft of life, behold a noble Knight
Beneath this stone he lieth prone, once Morys Russel hight
And Isabel his loving spouse in marble rare enclosed
Hidden from sight of earthly wight hath here her limbs reposed
The joy of Heaven bestow on these, blest Trinity of Grace
Past, present, future, Death shall seize, who are of mortal race.
The two lines commencing with Isabel were also on a brass
of about the same date at St. Mary's, Stafford : the names of
the wives being the only difference. Vide Ashmole's Collec-
tions for Staffordshire, Bodleian Library. No. 583, Vol. I.fol.
12 a.
Heraldry : — Over the husband, Argent,
on a chief gules three bezants. The field
is covered with diaper work, consisting of
quatrefoils. (23 a)
Over the wife is, Russel
as above, impaling quar-
Fig. 23 a terly 1st and 4th Argent,
a bend wavy gules, between two bendlets
of the last, Kingston, 2nd and 3rd, Ermine
three annulets, one within the other gules, Fig. 23 b
Fitton. (23 b)
Illustration. — The effigies engraved in BoutelVs Series.
Portions Lost. — The tops of the canopies and the flanking
pinnacles, a portion of the guard of the sword
Biographical A ccount. — " It is traditionally asserted that Sir
Maurice Russel, knight, built the church dedicated to St. Peter
at Dyrham. He was Sheriff of Gloucestershire 1396." Bi gland.
He died seized of the manor 2 H. IV, and left two daughters
Margaret and Isabel, the first married to Sir Gilbert Dennys,
knight ; who, with Sir John Drayton and Isabel his wife, the
other daughter of Sir Maurice, (married before to Sir John
St. Roe) were jointly seized of the manor of Dyrham 3 H. V.
28 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
But Sir Maurice, by a second wife, had a son Thomas, whose
only child was named Margery, and died without issue.
ix. and x.— Bristol, Urintt£, or Barstaple Hlmsbouse
Cbapel.
IX. — John Barstaple, burgess, founder of almshouses, 1411,
canopy lost, small.
X. — Isabella [Gayner?] wife of No. IX., canopy lost,
engraved circa 1411, small. — Haines.
Position. — In March 1882 these brasses consisted of loose
and detached pieces in the custody of the Charity Trustees at
Bristol. They were originally on two flat stones in the Chapel
of the Trinity Almshouses. The erection of the new chapel
was completed in 1882 when the brasses were recanopied
and replaced on separate ledger stones in the chapel.
Size. — 3ft. 7m. x ift. gin. and 3ft. 5m. x ift. gin.
Description. — Though these are separate memorials it will
be convenient to describe them together. It was not usual to
erect a memorial for a wife distinct from that of her husband
in the same church.
John Barstaple has his hair cut short and a bifid beard.
Round his neck he wears a hood fastened by buttons at the
throat. His tunic reaches to his ankles, and is confined at the
waist by an ornamental girdle, buckled in front, the end
hanging down is terminated by a metal pendant, which formerly
had a jewel in the cavity shown on the
HjlBflHKHfe brass. From this belt is suspended a
Vfl HP basilard or anelace on his left side. The
S.™™/Jfc sleeves arc close and buttoned at the
wrist. The shoes are large and fastened
across the instep by a buckle. The
\Wt^$%^7@!MlA ground beneath them is adorned with
Fig. 24. Feet. lilies (24)
1 141, Bristol Trinity. The figure of Isabella, the wife of
John Barstaple, is a restored copy of an older one (Haines,
p. liii.). The hair is represented on each side of the face; her
head is covered by a veil or kerchief falling down on the back
and shoulders ; a gorget or wimple covers the neck, and is
drawn over the chin. Round the shoulders is a cape fastened
in front by a bow. She wears a long dress with tight sleeves
slightly open in front showing the fur lining, and confined at
Monumental Brasses.
29
Fig. 25 Groundwork.
c 1141. Bristol Trinity.
the waist by a girdle which is tied in bow in front. Undei
her feet are three leaves of clover. (25)
They are both represented erect in
the attitude of prayer.
Over each figure is a single canopy,
crocketted and cusped with a panelled
pinnacle on
either side also crocketted and cusped ;
these pinnacles are continued to meet
the inscription which is placed under the
feet of each. The merchant's mark is
below the inscription on the husband's
brass and the coat of arms in a similar
position on the wife's brass.
The merchant's mark consists of a
cross with three streamers from the
stem, which passes through a globe and
terminates in another cross. (26)
T .,,■ Fig. 26. Merchants' Mark.
inscription. — I4ir Bristol, Trinity.
Ibtc meet Job'cs 3i3aritaple JBurqef Wile JBurfto
[ir fuoator ifti loci qui] | obijt $v° hal'n ©ctob' Ira o'o'cal' &
B° out £Ksmo CGCCmo £5mo cui' [a i'e p'piciet' o's amen.]
The words in brackets have been restored to the inscription.
Here lies John Barstaple, burgess of the town of Bristol,
founder of this place, who died 15th kalends of October, the
Dominical letter D., 141 1, on whose soul may God be merciful.
Amen.
Ibic iacet Arabella quonoa v>r' Sob'is JBarftaple que obijt
anno out mill'o CCCC,D0 1'ra o'o'calis cui' a'ie
p'piciet' o'e Bme.
Here lies Isabella wife of John Barstaple, who died in the
year of our Lord, 14 the dominical letter being
on whose soul may God have pity. Amen.
03 a mo mo
' iwifirai D a -imp tpfi
Fig. 27. Inscription. 141 1, Bristol, Trinity.
The da of quondam and the do in dominicalis are conjoined
and this contraction for domini is not usual. (27)
This use of the dominical letter is rare, and the Roman
computation by Kalends seldom occurs.
3°
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Fig. 28. Shield,
c 1411. Bristol, Trinity.
Though John Barstaple and his wife were founders of the
Trinity Almshouses, no one has taken the trouble of filling in
the blanks on the brass of Isabella Barstaple with the date of
her death. From her will it is clear she did not long survive
her husband.
Heraldry — The arms on the shield
below the wife are " Azure, on a
fesse between three roses or, as
many bugle horns sa, Gayner."
(Simpson.) (28)
Illustration. — Bristol, Past and
Present vol. 2. p. 176.
Portions Lost. — The canopy on
each brass and a portion of the inscrip-
tion to John Barstaple were lost but
are now restored, and the brasses are
in perfect condition.
Biographical Account. — John Barstaple was bailiff in 1379,
sheriff in 1389; and Mayor of the city in 1395, 1401, 1405.
"When John Barstaple married his wife Isabella she was a
spinster and the younger daughter of Walter Darby, the
founder of St. Werburgh's Church." — F. W. Newton.
The will of Isabella Barstaple, widow of John Barstaple, a
burgess of Bristol, was made 2nd March, 141 1, and proved
30th March, 1412, (his will see 23 Marche) 1412. P. C. C. 24
Marche. To be buried in the Chapel of the Holy Trinity, "iux'
portam Lafford." Names sons, Sir Nicholas, a chaplain, and
Thomas and two daughters Alice and Joan wife of Robert
Shepward. For further particulars see Bristol Wills p. 87.
xi.— dufntcm.
Joan Clopton, widow of Sir (Wm. ?) Clopton, vowess, circa
1430, with canopy, and eight elegiac verses on marginal
inscription. Altar Tomb. — Haines.
Situation. — On altar tomb at east end of south aisle.
Size. — 6ft. 4m. x 2ft. 6in.
Description.- — Her head is covered by the veil head-dress
or hood. The veil is thrown over side cauls which causes the
head-dress to assume somewhat the shape of the horned head-
dress, and it hangs down covering the shoulders. A gorge
or wimple covers her neck ; this piece of attire is drawn
Monumental Brasses. 3 1
over the chin in plaits and strained up each side of the face,
the kirtle is long and has tight sleeves with narrow fur
cuffs at the wrists. The mantle is fastened by a cord which
passes through two metal loops with studs in front, termed
fermailes, placed on each side of the mantle ; this cord passes
through a slide made of cord, and terminates below the waist
in two tassels. Beneath is a tight-fitting gown not girt at the
waist. On her right hand is a ring with a jewel. She is
represented full face, with her hands raised in the attitude of
devotion.
The effigy lies under a crocketted canopy, with a circular
cusped head. The tympanum is filled with a circular panel
containing a sexfoil, the spandrils being filled with quatrefoils,
as also the upper two spandrils of the cusps. The canopy is
terminated by a foliated finial. On each side rises a panelled
pinnacle surmounted by a crocketted finial. The sides of the
canopy are continued down level with the feet and beneath
them are shields, as also between the pinnacles and the gable
of the canopy.
As she was a "vowess" she is represented on a separate
tomb. Her husband is commemorated by an alabaster effigy.
Inscription — the margin is the following inscription : —
►E Criste ncpos Bnne Clopton' miserere 3ob'e
(Slue tibi sacrata ciauoitur bic vioua
iTlMUte befuncto sponso pro te ib'u fuit ista
Xarga libens miseris probiqa & bospittbus
Sic ven'abilibus templis sic fuoit egenis
/HMtteret vt celis quas sequeretur opes
lpro tantis meritis sibi oones reqna beata
flee premat vma rogt 33 beet aula Dei
Vowed to a holy life when ceased her Knightly husband's breath
Joan Clopton here, Anne's grandchild dear ; implores Thy grace in death
O Christ !— for Thee O Jesu blest, how largely hath she shed
Her bounteous gifts on poor and sick — how hath she garnished
Thy stately shrines with splendour meet — how hath she sent before
Her earthly wealth to Thee above, to increase her heavenly store !
For such blest fruits of faith, O grant, in Thine own joy her meed
Light-lies an earthly tomb on those whom Heavenly blessings speed !
MOtf<3
Fig. 29. " Pear" c 1430, Quinton.
At the end of each line is a "pear" (29) the charge on the
Besford arms, a punning allusion to "Pearsford."
32
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
At each of the four corners of the inscription round the
verge are the symbols of the four evangelists : — St. Matthew,
an angel clothed in amice and albe, at upper sinister angle ; St.
Mark, a winged lion, at lower dexter anglp ; St. Luke, a
winged ox, at lower sinister angle ; and St. John, an eagle, at
upper dexter angle.
Over her head is a scroll with the following words, taken
from Psalm xl.
Complaceat tibi One ut eripias me
2>ne a& a&iuuanO' me reepice.
Heraldry. — On the right hand at top
bars gules, fretty, or, for Clopton, (30)
on the left hand side at top (2) Gules,
a fess argent, between
six pears or, for
Besford (31). At the
right hand below the
canopy is (1) impaling
(2) (32), and on the
left hand is (1) with
the addition of a
canton.
is (1) Argent two
xxxx
^^
Fig. 31. Shield,
c 1430. Quinton.
red has remained.
Fig. 30. Shield.
c 1430. Quinton.
These arms were originally filled
in with composition, of which much of the
" According to Burke,
one family of Clopton bore arms almost
identical with those assigned to Besford,
viz., Gu., a few betw. six pears, or, the
only difference being the tincture of the
fess." — (Sir John Maclean, in the Trans-
actions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire
Society, vol. vi., p. 343.) The Clopton
arms appear on the brass to Thomas de
Cruwe, 141 1, Wixford Church, Warwick-
shire.
Illustration. — Trans. Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeo-
logical Society, vol. xiii p. 168.
Portions Lost. — The monument is in excellent condition,
and at the east end of the tomb is —
T. Lingen, Ar. reparavit, Anno 1739.
Brasses composed of several distinct portions are rarely
Fig. 32. Shield,
c 1430. Quinton.
Monumental Brasses. 33
found perfect ; the inscription at the end of the tomb
possibly explains why this memorial is so perfect.
Biographical Account. Sir William Clopton was the son
of Julian by her first husband. Her second
husband was Phos. de Crue, and the brass to both is at
Wixford. 141 1. The latter died without issue in 1418 and
was succeeded by the family and representatives of his wife's
former husband. Thomas de Crue, in his will, proved 23rd
September, 1418, left his sister, Elizabeth (prioress of
Chester), and William Clopton, and jfoan his wife, executors.
License was granted, 26 Henry VI., to Wm. Wolashull to
found a chantry in connection with the Crewe Chapel at
Wixford, co. Warwick; the chaplain to celebrate divine
offices for the souls of Thomas Crewe and Julian, his wife,
William Clopton Knight, and jfohan, his wife, &c. She was
second daughter and co-heir of Alexander Besford alias
Pearsford of Besford co. Worcester.
Sir William Clopton died 7 Hen. V. (1419), and was
buried at Quincon where is his effigy. He left a son and heir
who must have died }Oung and without issue for his two
daughters became codieiresses. The elder Agnes married
1st Roger Harewell of Wotton Wawen, co. Warwick, and
2nd Thos. Herbert. The younger Joane married Sir John
Burgh, Knight who died 1471, the last heir of the Princes
of South Wales. She had three daughters, the youngest of
whom married Sir John Lingen, Knight, who was sheriff of
Herefordshire in 1470 and again in 1476.
The above-mentioned "T. Lingen, Ar." a descendant of
the Cloptons died in 1742.
xii. -Cirencester.
[Rich.] Dixton, Esq., 1438, under canopy, marginal
inscription mutilated, large. — Haines.
Situation. — This brass is in Trinity Chapel, and lies with
others, close to the reredos.
Size. — 7ft. 6in. x 2ft. 6in.
Description. — -The effigy is that of a warrior clothed in
the characteristic armour of the XV century. He wears a
complete panoply of plate armour. His head is protected
by a globular bascinet, which over the forehead is ornamented
by a narrow band of quatrefoils ; the top of the cuirass is
34 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
enriched by a similar ornamental edging. The clean shaven
face of the knight is unprotected : this was by no means
unusual during this period ; for the additional safety afforded
by the vizor was dispensed with to obtain freedom of
breathing as well as to be rid of the stifling heat and weight
of the solid steel plate the vizor would entail. A gorget of
plate which reaches the bascinet, protects the neck and both
sides of the face ; its lower edge is escalloped. The body is
protected by polished breast and back plates, which open
with hinges at the sides ; the arms, from the shoulder to the
elbow, by brassarts consisting of overlapping plates, which
are seen on the right shoulder, and from the elbow to the
wrist by vambraces. "The pauldron of the left shoulder is
elaborately enlarged and strengthened to resist a blow, while
the right shoulder is more simply and lightly armed so
as to offer as little hindrance as possible to the action of the
sword-arm." — The Knights of the Middle Ages, Rev. E. L.
Cutts. The elbows are guarded by small plates, which are
termed gardes-de-bras. The gauntlets are not divided into
fingers but are hinged in two places to allow the fingers to be
used more freely, and they have plain cuffs. To the cuirass
is attached at the waist a skirt of taces which consist of a
series of narrow overhanging plates, fastened to a leather
lining. The taces had hinges on their left side, and were
fastened by buckles on the right ; here the separate plates
of the skirt of taces are notched in the centre, and they are
eight in number. As the arms are protected by a system of
secondary defences or reinforcing, so are the legs ; the thighs
are guarded by tuiles (so called because they resemble tiles),
which are buckled on to the skirt of taces. A little rosette
covers the fastening of the two straps to each tuile and the
two outer straps are fixed to the seventh tace, the two inner
ones to the eighth tace. The legs are protected by plate
armour : under the tuiles may be seen the cuissarts which
protect the thighs and beneath the knees, the jambarts— the
knees are guarded by genouillieres, while extra pointed plates
defend the shins. The feet are protected by sollerets of
overlapping plates ; and he wears rowelled spurs. His feet
are resting on a dog with head uplifted (33). Across the skirt of
taces from right to left stretches diagonally a narrow sword-
belt to which is attached on the left side, the scabbard
Monumental Brasses.
35
Fig. 33. Dog. 1438, Cirencester.
ornamented at the top. The sword is long and narrow, with
a long, curved crossguard (34).
On the pommel appears his coat of arms. This does not
often occur. His spurs are guarded so that they might not
get entangled. By some this is thought to be a sign that
the wearer was a courtier. At any rate Dixton was one, as
we shall see later on.
Inscription. — The inscription, the lost part being supplied
from Bigland runs thus :
[1btc jacet IRicbarous] SDijton armiger qui obijt oie
Sancti Xaurenctj [/Iftart^ris anno Domini] /ibillesimo CCCC
££Ivnij^ Cuius anime propicietuc [H)cus Bmen.]
Here lies Richard Dixton, Esq., who died on the day of
Saint Lawrence the Martyr, [i.e. Aug. 10] in the year of our
Lord 1438. On whose soul may God have pity. Amen.
The figure is erect, with the hands folded in the attitude
of prayer, while over it is a very fine canopy with an
36
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
oval cusped head, and a crocketted ogee gable, which is quite
perfect, terminating in a foliated finial ; there is a soffit
moulding of quatrefoils running above the cusps ; the two
lower cusps are filled with trefoils. The tympanum is filled
by a circular traceried panel divided into seven compart-
ments, each of which is sub-divided and cusped ; in the eye
of the panel is a quatrefoil. The spandrils are filled with
quatrefoils and trefoils. On either side are panelled pinnacles,
which are continued downwards and end level with the feet,
but unfortunately all the upper portions of them are gone.
Heraldry. — His arms are engraved on the pommel of the
sword (34) and are Or, a pile azure, over all a chevron
gules ; the same coat appears on the North wall of the
[Trinity] chapel.
,f\
1 ■•»..
Fig. 34. Pommel of Sword. 1438, Cirencester.
Illustrations. — Bigland vol. I., p. 341 ; Waller pt. xii ;
HontelVs Mon. Br. p. 69 (placcates).
Portions Lost. — The end of the sword, portion of the
cross-guard, the misericorde, portions of the inscription, and
two flanking pinnacles, and two shields, one on each side of
the gable of the canopy.
Biographical Account. — Beyond the fact that Richard
Dixton was squire to the ill-starred Richard of York, (father
of Edward IV.) I have found no other record, except his
will (P. C. C. Luffenam 119,) in it he desires to be buried
"withyn the new chapell of the Trinite at Siscetre." He
bequeaths vestments to this chapel and its priests, also to
other religious bodies, " iij of my best hors to my Lord of
York," " to my wyf all my stuff beying at the Fasterne."
One of the executors was William Prelett of Siscetre
Monumental Brasses. 37
see No. 24. His will is printed in extenso in Trans. Bris.and
Glos. Arclucol. Soc. vol. xi, p. 155.
xiil— Bristol, St. fl&ars iReocUff.
Sir John Juyn, recorder of Bristol, Baron of the
Exchequer, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, 1439, marginal
inscription and eight Latin verses, Lady chapel. — Haines.
Position. — On a flat stone in the Lady chapel.
Size.— 6ft. x 2ft. 7in.
Description. — Sir John has a close cap covering his head,
and he is clean shaven. Round his neck is a hood and over
his shoulders a tippet edged with fur, which is to he seen
under the mantle on the right shoulder. The tunic is long,
reaching to the ankles, and the sleeves are full and slightly
open at the wrists, showing the fur lining; beneath them
fastened close to the wrists are seen the sleeves of an under-
dress. His mantle is not so long as his tunic : it is fastened
by one button on the right shoulder, and being gathered up it
falls in folds over the left arm ; it is lined with fur. His shoes
have pointed toes. He is represented full face with hands
folded in prayer.
Inscription. — Round the verge is —
1bic iacet Uobes 3ti\>it iUMles Capitalis Juotciari' D'nt
IReqis ao pitta Coram fp'o reqe tenenba qui obijt $jttt° 2>ie
/Iftavcit Hnno Dni AMllmo <IG<J(IU£5$ " cut' a't'e p'picietur oc'
amen.
Here lies John Juyn, Knight, Chief Justice of our Lord
the King for Pleas held before the King himself, who died on
the 23rd day of March in the year of our Lord, 1439, on
whose soul may God have mercy. Amen.
Beneath his feet are eight Leonine verses : —
Juste Deus pactens JuDex miserere Jobannls
3111211 qui tus taciens miles fuit ei' in annis
Wrbe recorbator fuit bac JBaro Sccioqs
Sumus et in SJanco Jubej capitalis \1troq3
Sriisticiam voluit conijam cu pietate
/HMllciam coluit subniram nobilitate
Juste ibu fortis miles iam ppiciatus
JEsto tores mortis sibi claube remitte reatus.
" O Just God, patient Judge, have mercy upon John Juyn,
who was in his time a soldier, but practising the law he
became Recorder of this City, Chief Baron of the Exchequer,
and Chief Justice in both benches, he tempered justice with
38
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
clemency ; maintained himself, being a soldier, in honour.
Just Jesus ! brave soldier ! now be thou propitiated ; shut the
doors of death upon him, pardon his sins." Between each
word of the legend round the
verge the same ornament is
repeated (35).
Fig. 35. " Break.'
!T I439i Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Heraldry .-Beneath are
two shields, the sinister being, Or, a fess azure between
three unicorn's heads coupled argent, within a bordure of
the same, quartered with ... a lion rampant (36a) . . .
The dexter being ... a lion rampant . . . impaling
, . . (36b) Pryce.
Fig. 36a. Shield.
1439, Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff.
Fig. 36b. Shield.
1439, Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff.
Illustrations. — Anastatic Society, i860.
Portions Lost. — None.
Biographical Account. — Pryce, p. 183, says " beyond what
is stated in the inscription little is known of him." but more
is known of him now than was in Pryce's time.
Rev. T. P Wadley, M.A., suggests that his name may
have been Inyn, and adds, " There were anciently Bristol
people of the name of Innyn or Inhyme. A Philip Guyn was
among the burgesses of Bristol in 1430. Again, the episcopal
registers at Worcester record that William Inyne, Canon of
Cirencester, was ordained a religious acolyte and sub-deacon
in the year 1407, December 17th, possibly his name was
Juyne." From Judges of England by Foss the following is
taken :—
John Juyn is so called in the Rolls of Parliament, and the
Acts of the Privy Council, but sometimes spelt Joyn, and on
his monument Juyn and so in Bishop Bubwith's will of
Monumental Brasses. 39
which he was one of the executors, which seems most
probably correct, as his mansion is now called " Inne Court."
He was one of 1 Somersetshire family, his country seat being
at Bishopsworthy (now called Bishport) in that county.
He first appears in the Year Book of II Hen. IV; after
which his name is of frequent occurence. He held the office
of Recorder of Bristol, and about eight months after the
accession of Henry VI, he was appointed, on 5th May, 1423,
to the double office of Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and
Judge of the Common Pleas, (Acts Privy Council Hi. 71. )
He was knighted in 4 Hen. VI ; and on gth Feb., 1436, he
was made Chief Justice of the latter court. About three
years later he became chief justice of the King's Bench and
presided there to his death, on 24th March, 1439-40. He
was buried in St. Mary's Chapel, Redcliffe Church, Bristol
Bv his wife Alice he left a son.
xiv.— Cirencester.
Robert Page, wool merchant, 1440 (?) and wife Margaret,
with six sons and eight daughters ; canopy ; marginal inscription
in six Latin verses (stating he repaired churches and roads)
lost. The date is given from Wood's M.S. (D. 11. No. 8,517,
fol. 29) at the Ashmolean Library. — Haines.
Position. — On a flat stone in the Trinity Chapel.
Size. — 7ft. x 2ft. ioin.
Description. — " There is a very fine brass, with double
canopies, representing a merchant and his wife, with fourteen
children at their feet. There is no name, as the whole of the
inscription is lost ; but the style of the execution of the brass
would place the date about the latter half of the XV century
(temp. Edw. IV. or Rich. III). The male figure is depicted
wearing a loose gown, with large sleeves, gathered in tighter
at the wrist ; the collar is standing up round the neck, and
there is a girdle round the waist ; the female figure is draped
much in the same style. At the foot of the male figure, and
above the canopy are escutcheons charged with a merchant's
mark, and a letter " R " in old English. This is probably one
Robert Pagge and his wife, who are stated in the History of
Cirencester as being commemorated by a fine brass in the
church. A scroll issues from the mouth with these words
40 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
1 That to the T finite for us,' the rest is lost, but the words
most probably were lpray, singe or read,'' as examples are to
be found in other parts of the kingdom. "-
Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A.
The figures are under a double canopy with circular cusped
heads, and crocketted ogee gables terminated by a foliated
finial characteristic of the period. The tympana are filled in
with circular panels, within which are sexfoils ; the spandrils
being filled in with trefoils as also the spandrils of the cusps.
On either side and between the canopies are panelled pinnacles
terminated with crocketted finials ; the outer pinnacles are con-
tinued down on either side forming a border, but the centre one
is terminated by a moulded and foliated pendant. The feet of
Robert Page rest upon a woolsack. Beneath the husband
are six sons, and beneath the wife eight daughters. The sons
are dressed like their father, and the daughters have long
dresses with sleeves like their mother's, but lower at the neck.
Their hair is confined by caps with side cauls covering the
ears. Unfortunately the heads of the first three daughters
have vanished, but Mr. Blake of Stroud has very kindly lent
a rubbing taken before they disappeared, and on that is shown
that all eight daughters wore similar caps. Scroll work
separates each child. All are represented standing with hands
folded in the attitude of prayer. His merchant's mark con-
sists of a cross with streamers standing on a lozenge charged
with the letter "K" in old english.
Inscription. — " Bigland has preserved the inscription of
this and other memorials, stating in a note that he ' has given
them as before the mutilation from a manuscript of Thomas
Carles, M.A., vicar, dated Dec. 8, 1673, obligingly communi-
cated by the Rev. Mr. Kilner.'
1btc iacct IRobcrtus ipagqc cum flftargareta stbt sponsa prole
fecunoa.
Dfcinis qratus fuerat mcrcator amatus
Ipactffcus, plcnis manibus Bubventor cqenis
JEcclcsusque vixs omator, ct bis ceparator,
/llMir C quater £ quater anno, sco Sprflfs
©ctava luce mortem p' transit ipse,
Cell solamen Dcus, illi conferat. amen.
"He states that on a Pilaster between him and his wife is
engraven the usual diagram of the Trinity, and on a label
' That to the Trinite for us pray, singe or read.' Pagge's
label it would seem was already lost."
er ij
42 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
The inscription may thus be rendered into English : —
Of good report, beloved of all, this peaceful man of trade,
With liberal soul his plenteous dole to needy brethren made,
The beauty of God's house he sought, our ways he well
sustained,
In fourteen-hundred-fortieth year, when showery April rained,
On the eighth morn death's gate he passed : — O ruler of the
skies,
On him Thy heavenly grace bestow, and grant the eternal
prize.
Illustratio 'is. — None known.
Portions Lost. — The inscription, the label over the
husband's head, the finials of the pinnacles, a portion of the
side, the heads of the first three daughters.
Biographiial Account. — The inscription states that he
repaired churches and roads. His Avill is in the Prerogative
Court of Canterbury 27 Luffenham.
xv.— Cirencester.
Reginald Spycer, merchant, 1442, and his wives, Margaret,
Juliana, Margaret, Joan. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the Trinity Chapel.
Size. — 2ft. 5m. x ift. ioin., not including the merchant's
mark.
Description. — " The date of the brass to Reginald Spycer
and his four wives is 1442 (20 Henry IV.) The male figure in
the centre is clothed in a close-fitting gowm, reaching nearly to
the ankles, girded at the waist ; the sleeves are somewhat full,
but fit tolerably close at the wrist ; the collar is an upright one ;
the gown is buttoned from the neck to the breast ; beneath
appears the collar of the under-tunic. Of the wives, the two
on the husband's left hand wrear that peculiar shape of the
horned head-dress, which may be distinguished as the ' heart-
shaped,' the folds of the head-dress descend in front of the'
figures on to the breast ; the kirtles are long and flowing over
the feet, the sleeves shaped like their husband's ; the collar is
opened so as to fall back, and no buttons are visible ; the kirtle
is confined round the waist by a girdle. The two wives on the
husband's right hand wear the coverchef, falling in folds in
front on the breast ; and the wife on the extreme right has the
hair in a sort of caul, or close cap ; both of these dresses are of
Fig. 42. Reginald Spycer and four wives, 1442, Cirencester.
44 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
older date than the heart-shaped, and thus on the same brass we
have examples of the styles in which ladies dressed their hair
from the latter part of the 14th to the middle of the 15th
century. The kirtles of both the earlier wives are flowing like
the others, but the sleeves are quite of a different pattern, being
cut straight and are not so full. There are buttons from the neck
to the breast ; both also wear girdles." (42) — Rev. W . E. Hadow,
M.A.. They are all erect with hands in the
attitude of prayer, the husband having two
wives on each side of him.
Beneath the figures is an escutcheon
charged with a merchant's mark (43)
between the letters 1R and £>. The
merchant's mark may be described as a
cross with two streamers and a semicircle
on the stem opposite to the streamers.
The cross passes through a globe and the Mere£Stftiark.
foot of the stem has a long horizontal line 1442 Cirencester,
cutting it.
Inscription. — The inscription at the foot is as follows. —
1bic tacent IRecjtnalDus Spv?cer quondam m'cator isti' ville qui
obijt i£° etc Jultj anno O'ni mill' mo CCCC° jlij° et /nbargareta
Juliana /Hbargareta ac 3Wna vjores ei' quor' a't'abus p'picetur
o'6. amen.
The inscription in English reads thus : — " Here lie Reginald
Spycer, formerly a merchant of this town, who died on the 9th
of July, a.d. 1442, and Margaret, Juliana, Margaret, and Joan,
his wives on whose souls may God have mercy. Amen."
Illustrations. — Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucester-
shire Archaeological Society for 1877-8, p. 154.
Portions Lost. — None.
Biographical Account — Nothing is known of Reginald
Spicer, but the will of a Joan Spicer, of Cirencester, probably
his widow, was proved 1444. P.CC. Lufienham.
xvi.-mewlant).
A. man in armour, legs gone, and wife circa 1445, with
cuiious crest, marginal inscription nearly all lost. South
Chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the Chapel of SS. Nicholas and
John.
Monumental Brasses.
45
Size. — This brass originally was 7ft. ioin. x 3ft., but all
that remains is 3ft. 9m. x 2ft 2in.
Description — The husband is represented wholly in plate
armour. His hair is cropped close but the beard is full. His
head rests on a helmet of which the visor is raised. (44) The
Fig. 44. Head and Helmet, c 1445. Newland.
body is protected by a cuirass, the shoulders are defended by
epaulieres. " The left or bridle arm is more fully protected
than the right, by large plates placed outside the elbow, and
in front of the armpit ; they were secured by small spikes or
spring-pins fitted into staples affixed to the armour under-
neath, the loops of which passed through holes in the centre of
the plates. The right, or sword arm, which was required for
action, has slighter defences ; thus a small and peculiar-shaped
plate called a moton, protects the armpit, and the elbow-piece
is much smaller." — Haines, p. cxci. The gauntlets have long
pointed cuffs and have no gadlings. To the cuirass is attached
a skirt of seven taces ; to this skirt are buckled two pointed
tuiles which hang over and protect the thighs. Across the
skirt is stretched a sword-belt obliquely from right to left, to
this belt is fastened a sword, and on the right side the pommel
oi the misericorde is seen. The thighs are covered by cuisses ;
the rest of the figure has disappeared.
The wife wears the fashionable horned head-dress of the
period. The embroidered band of the crespine closely fits the
46
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
face and entirely conceals the hair and ears. The side cauls of
the crespine are much raised above the forehead, thus forming
that variety of the horned head-dress known as the acutely-
pointed. Over all this is thrown a veil which is gathered in
folds and falls gracefully on the shoulders. The caul is
enriched by bands of embroidered cinquefoils
which alternate with slightly narrower bands
upon which are worked a neat pattern. Her dress
is long, and being girt high by an ornamental
girdle makes the figure short- waisted. The
sleeves are wide and hanging, but narrow at the
wrists. At the neck the dress is low, leaving
the upper portions of the shoulders as well as
the neck bare.
They are both represented erect with hands
in the attitude of prayer, the wife being on the
husband's right hand.
Inscription. — The late Mr. J. I). T. Niblett,
f.s.a., kindly gave me a rubbing on which are
BlinO ft'ltl fllMU'O CCCIC", these words have
now disappeared but they are here reproduced
(45). In the illustration in the Antiquarian
Repertory, 1780, two more words are given,
£>IC /lfrntC> but now all traces of the inscription
have disappeared. The late Sir John Maclean
suggested that untie may have been a misreading
of in nsis. On the slab between the figures are
incised these words: SIR CHRISTOPHER
BAYNHAM, KT., and these have been filled
in with mortar.
Heraldry. — The four shields originally on
this memorial are lost, but in the centre above is
a square plate (46) which in 1780 was reported as
lost but now is in place. Mr. Nicholls in his
Foiest of Dean (p. 217) thus describes it : —
"The heraldic crest gives a curious repre-
sentation of the" iron miner of that period
equipped for his work. (46) It represents him
as wearing a cap, holding a candlestick between his teeth
handling a small mattock with which to loosen as occasion
required, the fine mineral earth lodged in the cavity within
W&
HI
Monumental Brasses.
47
which he worked, or else to detach the metallic incrustations
lining its sides, bearing a light wooden mine-hod on his back,
suspended by a shoulder strap, and clothed in a thick flannel
jacket, and short leathern
breeches, tied with thongs
below the knee. Although
in this representation the
lower extremities are con-
cealed, the numerous
shoe -footed marks yet
visible on the moist beds
of some of the old
excavations prove that the
feet were well protected
from injury by the rough
rocks of the workings.
Several mattock - heads
exactly resembling the one
which this miner is
holding have also been
discovered ; and to enable
us, as it were, to supply
every particular, small oak
shovels for collecting the
ore, and putting it into the Fig. 46.
hod, have in some places been found."
Illustrations. — Antiq. Repert, 1780, p. 259, and 1808, Vol.
II. p. 387, Nicholls' Forest of Dean (crest), cover, title-page
and p. 217, Bristol and Gloucestershire Archceological Society
Trans., vol. vii, and Cardiff Naturalists' Society Trans., vol.
xviii (1886) p. 48 (Crest only, litho. by T. H. Thomas).
Portions Lost. — The brass has suffered very rough treat-
ment, it is much worn, and the portions lost are : — the whole
of the marginal inscription, four shields, and the legs of the
husband.
Biographical Account. — Jn the Transactions of the Bristol
and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, vol. vii, is a paper
by the late Sir John Maclean, f.s.a., entitled " Notes on the
Greyndour Chapel and Chantry, in the Church of Newland
co. Gloucester, and on certain monumental brasses there," the
writer assigns these brasses to Robert Greyndour and his wife
Crest, c 1445. Newland.
48 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
dame Joan Barre. He died 19 November, 1443. His widow
Joan, was daughter and heiress of Thomas Rugge, or Rigge,
of Charlecomb, co. Somerset. She obtained letters patent,
dated 6 November, 1445, to found a perpetual Chantry in the
Church of Newland. She married Sir John Barre, of
Rotherwas, co. Hereford, knight, who died 14 January, 1482-3,
and dying 17 June, 1485, was buried in Newland Church with
her first husband, Robert Greyndour. Her will is in the
Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 16 Logge.
xviL-iRortbleacb.
Thos. Fortey, woolman, repaired churches and roads, 1447,
(head lost) ; William Scors, tailor, 1420, and their wife Agnes
(head lost), with two groups of children, two daughters (3 [?]
other children gone) and two sons and four daughters, canopy
and marginal inscription mutilated, North Aisle. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the North Aisle behind the organ.
Size. — 8ft. 3m. x 3ft. 3m.
Description. — This brass represents Agnes Fortey and her
two husbands — Thomas Fortey and William Scors.
She wears a robe with full sleeves, open and turned back
at the wrists and lined with fur. Her dress is short-waisted
and girt with a narrow plain girdle. The lady is now
unfortunately headless. But this brass is illustrated in Lysons'
Gloucestershire Antiquities, plate 42 ; and in it she is repre-
sented as wearing the veil head-dress.
Both her husbands wear tunics or gowns which reach half
way down the leg, and are fringed with fur ; the lower part of
each is slit up in front to allow greater freedom in walking ;
the collar of each is buttoned up close to the chin ; the sleeves
are moderately full, but close at the wrists, where they are
turned back and reveal the fur lining ; the sleeves of an under-
dress are shown beneath. The tunic is girt round the waist
by a narrow belt, which is plain on William Scors, but two
studs or ornaments appear on Thomas Fortey's girdle. The
hair of William Scors is cropped close, and he is clean shaven.
The shoes are distinct from the hose ; they have pointed toes
and are fastened by buckles.
Under Thomas Fortey is what Lysons calls a woolpack,
but it is now so worn as to render it difficult to say what it
represented ; under William Scors is a pair of shears (47). The
Monumental Brasses.
49
Fig. 47. Feet of William Scors. 1447. Northleach.
woolpack " was the sign of the wool merchant, and the
" pair of shears " that of a clothier, but in the inscription Scors
is recorded as being
a tailor. In Seend
Church, Wilts, a
"pair of scissors "
is exhibited on the
one side of the west
window of the north
aisle, and a " pair
of shears " on the
other side; and Mr.
Kite, in his Monu-
mental Brasses of
Wiltshire, says that
they are " in
allusion to the
occupation of the
founder who was
doubtless a clothier." Perhaps it may be well to note
that on the west wall of the tower of Cranham Church, a
parish which touches Painswick on the north-east, there is
carved the representation of a " pair of scissors " or " shears."
It would be interesting to know whether the whole, or any
part, was built by a "clothier."
The figures are erect with hands folded in the attitude of
prayer; they are under an elaborate and enriched canopy,
which has been much mutilated. Agnes is standing between
her two husbands, having Thomas Fortey on her right hand,
and William Scors on her left hand.
Inscription. — Beneath the figures there is a two-line inscrip-
tion, which with the help of Lysons, from whom is taken the
portions enclosed in brackets, reads thus : —
1bic jacct Zbom'e ffortes Molma, mill's Scots aav>lour 8.
agues v>£' eoruoe q' quite Gb (om's obiit) | p'mo Die oeccb a°
o'n't /lfc°CCCC 47* Will's obiit oie a° o'nl /nyCCCCf 1°
Bgnes obiit oie / BJ (o'ni /l&CCC ).
This may be thus rendered into English : —
" Here lie Thomas Fortey, Woolman, William Scors,
Tailor, and Agnes their wife, which Thomas indeed died on
* These figures (47) are very quaintly formed ; this date has, therefore
puzzled antiquaries. Lysons reads it as 84 ; Bigland gives it as being XX i
50
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
day
day
fta*A
the first day of December, A.D. 1447, William died
of A.D. 1420, Agnes died
of A.D. 14 . ."
The date 1447 is
shown in facsimile in
the annexed engraving Fig. 49-
Beneath were two groups of
children, with scrolls above them.
The group of Thomas Fortey's children
has disappeared, but the scroll remains
with these words—"4 ]p>ra*£ for %C
cbtlbren of TTbomas jForte£."
The other group consists of two sons
and four daughters, and over them is
a scroll inscribed with ' TTbC*0SC \)C
: *ge cbiloen of Millia Scors, vl
Round the verge is this inscription,
the spaces between each word being
i filled with various ornaments : —
; © Sub (rose) pebe (rose) motte
! (rose) jacetlS (rose) UbOttiaS (rose)
tfOrtC*g (rose .... scroll) | (quad-
j. ruped) Bt (cock) sua (leaf) gpOHSa
(boar) placeUS (hedgehog) UQWC5
(cinque foil) Slbl (fleur-de-lis)
COUSOClatUr (rose and scroll work)
[flDercator biouus iustus
uerasq; beniQnus] (two dogs
fighting) IRoSCttUU (cinquefoil) in
(crab) SignlS (blank) UOU (two fleurs-
de-Hs) [(jauoens 5pe
malionis] I Ecc'liarum (castle)
SUar; (dragon) ViatUm (fabulous
monster) m (?) IRcparator ( . . . ) I
while Rudder has XA. thus avoiding the difficulty by giving a very poor illus-
tration of the first numeral. The inscription round the verge records 47. In
Journal of the Archccological Association, 1846-7, Vol. II, pp. 146— 163, and 283
are devoted to the antiquity of dates expressed in Arabic Numerals. From this
we learn that the so-called Arabic numerals have not been found in inscriptions,
iu this country, before the fifteenth century. The earliest authentic date yet
discovered in England appears on a stone in the interior of the tower of Heath-
field Church, Sussex, and carries us no further back than the year 1445, so that
probably this date on the brass in Northleach Church is the earliest to be found
in Gloucestershire, and is only two years later than that of Heathfield.
Monumental Brasses, 51
Criste (goose) Suarum (leaf) %\$ (branches) mfserator
(rose and scroll work) .... [fllMUe] (an acorn between two
oak-leaves) (UiateC (slug) x (fighting cock) SCptCItt (snail)
monUtlientU (eagle displayed and scroll-work) [prtlltO fcat'
ff lamen Decent 3be buc beat . . . ] (48)
The words in square brackets are supplied from Rudder.
At the corners were the symbols of the four evangelists, of
which St. Matthew only remains at the upper sinister angle.
Illustrations. — In Ly sons' Gloucestershire Antiquities,
plate 42 is devoted to this brass. It is represented much more
perfect than it is at present, but even then it was mutilated.
Portions Lost. — Part of the right sleeve of Agnes, part of
the right hand skirt of Fortey, part of the right and left hand
skirt of Scors. The end of both lines of the inscription
beneath Scors. The heads of both Fortey and his wife. All
the children of Thomas Fortey. The whole of the right side
and two portions of the left hand side of the canopy, a portion
of the middle pinnacles, several portions of the legend round
the verge, and three of the emblems at the corners. On
rubbing the brasses in 1894, a* least one portion was found to
have disappeared since making a rubbing in 1883.
Biographical Account. — "Mr. Fortey, a wealthy clothier of
this town, and his wife are both interred in this church, in the
Abbey before the pulpit, upon whose gravestones are inchased
their effigies in large plates of brass. The inscriptions on the
brass are not perfect." — Abel Wantner's Collections.
In the marginal inscription unfortunately so imperfect he is
described as having restored churches and roads.
xvni.— Cbippino Gampfcen.
William Welley, merchant, 1450, and wife Alice, chancel,
now within altar rails. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the chancel.
Size. — 2ft. X ift. ioin., the slab measures 7ft. ioin. x 4ft 4m
Description. — The dress of William Scors, in the last
description (vide No. xvii. of this series) resembles that worn
by William Welley.
At the wrist are seen the sleeves of the under-dress, these
sleeves are deeper than those of William Scors. The tunic is
kept in place by a narrow belt round the waist. His hose and
52 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
shoes are all in one piece, and it may be noticed that they are
made right and left. His feet rest on ground from which grass
is springing — emblem that " all flesh is grass.'"
Alice Welley wears the veil head-dress which consisted of
a kerchief thrown over the head, concealing the ears and falling
in folds on the shoulders and back. She has a long flowing
gown, with deep full sleeves, in that respect resembling her
husband's, and like his they are narrow at the wrist, where the
end of the sleeve is turned back, and shows the fur lining. It
does not fit the neck closely, but the top is turned down so as to
form a little collar. The gown is girt high by a narrow girdle.
They are both erect with hands folded in the attitude of
prayer, the wife being on the husband's right hand, and distant
from him n inches.
Inscription — They stand on a brass plate, which bears the
following inscription : —
1bic iacet TUlfirms Welles qo'Da m'cator isti' IDtlle qui obijt
£10° Die Bprilis B° D'n'i CCCCUL0, et Blicia vyor eius quor aiab3
p'piciet' &e.' Hmc.
Which may thus be translated into English : — " Here lies
William Welley, formerly a merchant of this town, who died
on the 15th day of April, A.D. 1450, and Alice his wife, on
whose souls may God have mercy. Amen."
Illustrations. — None known.
Portions Lost. — Beneath the figures are the matrices of two
shields.
Memoir — The inscription records that he was a merchant,
of Campden.
The pedigree of the family of Wreoley or Welley is in the
Visitation of Gloucestershire.
xix.— OLecblaOe.
A wool merchant and wife circa 1450, about six childien,
and inscription lost. Perhaps the brass of John Townstnd,
wolman, 1458. See Harl. MSS., No. 6,072, fol. 114. Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the Nave (March, 1882).
Size. — 3ft. 2in. x 2ft. 5m.
Description. — The hair is close cropped and brushed back
from the temples in a similar fashion to the reeve described
by Chaucer in his Canterbury Tales : —
" His heer was by his eres rounde i-shorn."
Monumental Brasses.
53
His dress is like to that worn by the Campden
merchant last described, viz., a long tunic reaching half
way down the legs, open a little up the front, with the lappets
turned back so as to show the fur lining. The sleeves are
full, with narrow cum;. Round the neck the top is turned
over to form a collar. On this brass the opening of the
upper portion of the tunic is clearly shown, it reaches a little
below the belt, which is plain. The lower edge of the tunic
is not fringed with fur. The shoes and hose are formed of
one piece, and his feet rest upon a woolsack. (50)
#9
Fig. 50. Feet. c. 1450. Lechdale.
"Mr. Gough says, the figures of shoes, as worn 37 Hen.
VI., may be seen in Leachlade church ; and that the figures
as naturally show that the persons were woolmen as if there
there had been inscriptions." f — Fosbrooke's Gloucestershire ,
vol. ii., p. 458.
The wife wears a modified form of the ''horned" head-
dress, called the "heart-shaped" headdress. The side cauls
are unadorned and of moderate size, with their outer edges
f Introd. Sepulch. Monum., v. i., pp. exxvi.-vii.
54 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
elevated a little above the forehead and covering the ears,
and over this is thrown a kerchief or veil, which covers the
forehead and hangs down on the back and shoulders. She
wears a long gown which completely covers the kirtle except
at the wrists ; it is girt under the breasts by a plain narrow
girdle, and has very deep sleeves, close and edged with fur at
the wrists ; at the neck it is turned down so as to form a
collar. The gown hides her feet.
Inscription. — The following extract from the Harleian
Manuscripts in the British Museum is referred to by Mr.
Haines : —
"3n Xacblaioc Gburcb in com' (Blocester.
©rate pro bono statu Jobis Gowenseno mercatoris et
wollman' istius ville qui obijt, 19 august, 1458." "Mo. 6,072,
fob 114.
Heraldry. — By the side ol the above extract is tricked
the following coat of arms: — Sable, three woolpacks. Argent.
Illustration. — Biglaud, vol. ii., p. 141.
Portions Lost. — The marginal inscription, some six
children, and four shields, one over head and one under foot
of husband and wife respectively.
Biographical Account. — "There is," says Atkyns, "a
monument in the church (Lechlade) in memory of John
Townsend, merchant and wool man. of this place, who died
1458, and had been a good benefactor to the church and
poor." — History of Gloucestershire, p. 280.
The will of John Townsend is in the Prerogative Court of
Canterbury, 24 and 25 Stokton.
xx.-iRortbleacb.
(John Fortey) ' wolman,' .1458, marginal inscription
mutilated with six merchants' marks (one in private
possession) large, Nave. — Haines.
Position. — On a flat stone in the Nave.
Size. — 8ft. ioin. X 4ft. iin.
Description. — His hair is closely cut, and brushed back
from the temples, and he is clean shaven. He wears the long
tunic then commonly worn, extending halfway down the legs
but without any fringe of fur. The lower portion of the tunic
is open for a short distance up the front, and the lappets are
turned back revealing the fur lining. The tunic is fastened at
Monumental Brasses.
55
the top, and two of the buttons are seen above the hands, the
part round the neck is turned down to form a collar, and
shows the fur lining. The sleeves are large and full, they
reach nearly to the hips, but are narrow at the wrists, where
they terminate in small fur cuffs. Portions of the underdress
appear at the wrists and neck. The waist is girt by a strap,
which passes through a large round buckle from which the
unused portion of the girdle depends in front, and is terminated
by a pendant on which was probably engraven his initial, in
this portion of the belt are three holes so that the strap might
be loosened at the wearer's pleasure. His shoes and hose are
not distinct, and they have long pointed toes. His right foot
rests.on the back of a sheep, and the other on a wool-pack. (51)
The figure is erect, with hands clasped in prayer.
Fig 51, Feet 1458. Northleach
56
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
John Fortey is represented under a trefoil arched canopy,
the outer foils being smaller than the central one ; all of
them are moulded and cusped. Above is an ogee crocketted
gable terminated by a moulded and foliated finial. The
tympanum is filled by a circular panel (52) containing a rose
Fig. 52. Detail and Canopy. 1458. Northleach.
with four petals and four barbs, the spandrils being filled with
tiefoils, as also the spandrils of the cusps. The quatrefoil
soffit moulding of the arches is continued down the sides.
There are four pinnacles, two rise above the intersections of
the trefoil arch, and have plain shafts, and the remaining
two spring from the side shafts, forming the sides of
the canopy, and are panelled. The side shafts are buttressed
and have moulded offsets and bases.
At each corner of the slab, and
in the middle of the inscription on
the two longer sides were his marks.
(53) This consisted of a cross
standing on a woolpack ; from the
upper part of the stem a streamer
is flying, whilst the lower part is
ornamented : the initials of John
Fortey, 3". J\ are placed on either
side. These are surrounded by a
Fig. 53. Merchant's Mark. small wreath formed of two ivy
1458. Northleach.
Monumental Brasses. 57
stems artistically intertwined, in the interstices of which
alternately are placed an ivy leaf and a bunch of ivy berries
seven times repeated.
Inscription. — Under the feet are the following Leonine
verses : —
IResptce qulo prooest presentfs temports evtim
©mne quoD est ntcbil est prefer amare oeum.
Think what the things of present life have brought to thee in store.
Yet all is nought till thou hast sought thy Maker to adore.
" According to Weever, Funeral Monuments, p. 748, a
similar inscription was to be found at Long Melford,
Suffolk." — Haines, i. p. xciv. " The inscription at Northleach
was at the Mercer's Chapel at London, on the tomb of
John Riche, 1469, see Weever, Fun. Mon. p. 401." Do. ii.,
P- 259-
Round the verge was an inscription which cannot now be
given in its entirety, the portion in brackets, taken from
Lysons, supplies some thirteen words : —
[ . . . . prayeth God his soule to socoure,
and after his disese the rofe made ....
wberfor (3oo rewaroe bim as be is all wtttE : as be bequatbe
btm bis soule in tbe gcre of Grace jtiij bounoreo winter anD vitj
ano fiftg : Jn tbe celesttall
Illustrations. — Lysons' Gloucestershire Antiquities pi. 41.
Cutts (E.L.) Scenes and Characters of the Middle Ages, p. 523
(effigy only) p. 526, (merchants' mark.)
Portions Lost. — The greater part of the marginal
inscription, the finial of the gable, and portions of the flanking
pinnacles. Some years ago a hole was clumsily knocked
through the figure, near the right wrist, in order to fix a
stove. !
Biographical Account. — "The roof of the nave was
considerably raised at the expense of John Fortey, a wealthy
clothier of this town [Northleach], who died in 1458, and was
buried in the middle aile." — Rudder, p. 580.
"John Fortey, a clothier, built the body of the church." —
Atkyns, p. 305.
His will was proved in the Prerogative Court of
Canterbury, 1458, 24 and 25 Stokton.
58 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
xxi.— Uemple Gburcb, Bristol.
A priest in cope, on reverse a lady in mantle both engraved
circa 1460, relaid. — Haines.
Position. — On the chancel floor. Tne Rev. Chas. R.
Manning, in his " List of Monumental Brasses,1" London, 1848,
says of this brass, " A priest in cope, on the reverse a female
(loose in the Vicarage kitchen) ! "
Size. — 27m. x 8in.
Description. — This brass is remarkable for being
palimpsest, i.e., there is an engraving on the reverse side of
the plate. Mr. Haines chronicles that in this case the brass
is cut out of a larger one which had been engraved with the
representation of a lady in a mantle. (54) Very probably as the
dates of the two engravings are nearly identical the reverse
side may have been inaccurately engraved or for some other
reason never laid down. The priest is represented with
hair long enough to cover his ears, but the tonsure is clearly
shown. He is dressed in processional vestments, which are
a surplice, under which the cassock is visible, the almuce
and cope. The cassock covers the feet, and has close sleeves ;
it formed the ordinary dress of the clergy. The surplice comes
just below the knees, with very deep sleeves. (55)
The figure is erect, and the hands are placed in a devotional
attitude. When this brass was rubbed in April, 1882, it was
fixed to a slab in the chancel floor, and consequently it was
impossible to see the reverse side or to take a rubbing thereof.
By the kindness of the late Mr. J. D. T. Niblett, F.S A., who
gave me a rubbing of this brass befoie it was fixed, an illus-
tration of the reverse side is given. (54)
Illustration. — In Pryce's "Notes" is a sketch on p. 118
fig. 8.
Portions Lost. — The inscription. This brass is now so
carefully scoured and brightened that in a few years the
finer lines must inevitably disappear.
Biographical Account. — It is not known what persons the
brass on either side commemorates.
xxii.— St. Peter's' Bristol.
Robert Lond, chaplain 1461, with chalice and host,
Chancel. — Haines.
mmmi
Fig. 54 Lady c. 1460. Temple Church, Bristol. Fig 55, Priest c. 1460, Temple Church, Bristol
60 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Position. — On the floor at the east end of the south aisle,
formerly the chantry of the Blessed Mary of Belhouse.
Size. — 2ft. 5m. x ift. 6in.
Description — He is represented as wearing the eucharistic
vestments, which are the amice, albe, maniple, stole, and
chasuble ; they were put on in the above order when the priest
robes, and a short prayer was said as each vestment was
assumed.
He is holding a chalice in his hands. The chalice in use in
Robert Lond's days was a lighter and more elegant one than
is generally seen at the present day, though copies of the old
chalices are becoming more common. Placed erect over the
chalice stands the host, or consecrated wafer : so that here is
represented both the elements of the sacrament of the Lord's
Supper. At the wrist are seen the tight-fitting cuffs of an
under dress. His feet are shod with shoes having pointed toes.
He is represented full-face, holding the chalice and host on his
breast.
Inscription. — Beneath his feet is this inscription :
Ibfc facet /nbacust' IRob'tus !JLono Capellanus qui 1 objtt jjifjo
bie ffebrnartj anno b'ni /iRill'mo I CGCC° Ijrcuius anime
proptctetur oeus. amen.
which may thus be translated — " Here lies Master Robert
Lond, chaplain, who died on the 23rd day of February, A.D.,
1461, on whose soul may God have mercy. Amen."
Illustration. — Pryce's Bristol, p. 203, fig. 24. Bristol and
Gloucestershire Society Transactions vol. xv., pi. xii. p. 163.
Portions Lost. — None.
Biographical Account. — His name occurs in the Church-
warden's Accounts for St. Ewen's, Bristol (1455-6) among the
donors to the "Weel of the aforseid cros of Syluer and ouer
Gylt." "Item of Mr. Robert Lond iiijd."
xxiii.— iRo&marton.
John Edward, lord and patron of the manor, lawyer, 1461.
Chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On the south wall of the chancel.
Size. — 2ft. 8in. x ift. io|in.
Description. — This is probably the only instance in
Gloucestershire where a civilian is represented on a brass
wearing a cap. Mr. Haines notices this peculiarity by saying
Monumental Brasses.
61
"John Edward, 1461, Rodmarton, Gloucestershire, famosus
appreuticius in lege peritus wears simply a round cap in
addition to his ordinary habit." — Manual of Monumental
Brasses I. xc. Mr. Gough reports that ' the cap resembles
that of the sizars at Cambridge, or the blue-coat boys of
Christ's Hospital, London." Sepulchral Monuments II. p.
196, and Fosbrooke (Gloucestershire I. 384) says that this
" sepulchral effigy is noted by Mr. Gough to have a cap like
that of the President au Mortier (Introd. Sep Ichral Mou. i.
p. clxiv)." In the church of Norton St. Philip, Somersetshire,
is a stone effigy surmounted by a similar cap. This cap seems
to be made of some soft material such as velvet, with a band
round the lower edge. Probably it was the cap or coif worn
by serjeants-at-law. (56)
No hair is visible and he is clean shaven. The gown is
very similar to the gowns de-
scribed in Nos. xvii to xx, of this
series. It reaches nearly to the
ankles, and is slit up in front for a
short distance, thus showing the
fur lining. The fur edging is seen
round the skirt, at the neck and
wrists. The sleeves are moderate-
ly full and of uniform breadth Mr.
Gough terms it "a serjeant-at-
laws' gown." (II p. 196.) The
girdle is plain and shows no
fastening, and is lower than on
the other brasses before described
(Nos. xvii to xx). Beneath is
seen "the little standing cape of
the coat" (Gough), and the
Fig 56. Head, 1461. Rodmarton. \ sleeves of the same at the wrist.
No distinction is shown between the shoes and hose, and the
toes are pointed : the feet are represented on a grassy sod.
The figure is full face, and eredt with hands raised in prayer.
Inscription.— Beneath the feet is the following inscription :-
1bic tacetjob'es jE&war&qu'fc'miD'n's dfcanerij &e TRoDmarton
I S, verus patronus eiusDem ffamosus apprentici' in lege p'itus
qui I obijt viij° Me Januarij B° D'tt'l /lfc0CCCC° ljj° cut' ale
ppicietur DC ame.
62 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
which may be thus translated : —
" Here lies John Edward, formerly lord of the manor of
Rodmarton, and a true patron of the same, a famous apprentice
skilled in law, who died on Jan. 8. A.D., 1441 : on whose soul
may God have pity. Amen ! "
Illustrations. — Grose's Antiquities of England and Wales,
vol. i., pi. viii, fig. 2. Gough, vol. II., pi. lxxv., p. 305;
Lvsons' Gloucestershire Antiquities, pi. 11.
Portions Lost. — This brass is in very good condition, a
small portion of the cap (the right-hand corner) only being lost.
Biographical Account. — " William Fitzwarren, a family
seated at Woodmancote, in Dursley, of whom very little is
known in the county notices, passed the manor and advowson
(of Rodmarton) by fine 19 Henry VI. to Sir Ralph Boteler
and John Edwards, and his heirs, which John dying seized in
1461 of this manor and Torleton, left Margaret only daughter
and heir, wife of Thomas Whittington, by whom she had only
another daughter and heir, wife of William Wye, who left a
memorial of his possessions by placing his arms in the North
Isle." — Fosbrooke's Gloucestershire, i., 384.
In Bigland's Continuation, s. v. Rodmarton, may be read :
" 1446 John Edward presented to the Rectory ; and 1468, he
died Lord of the Manor."
This brass was originally on a ledger stone of grey marble
in the chancel, and Rudder records that on the same stone was
another brass plate with the following inscription : —
"1bic jacet Stepbanns Collier, a./lft., nuper bujns Bcclesicc
IRector. ©but oecimo oie mensis Bugusti anno 2>omini 1772,
annocjue oetatis suoe 79."
In English thus, " Here lies Stephen Collier, M.A. late
Rector of this Church. He died on the 10th of August, A.D.
1722, and in the 79th year of his age."
xxiv.— Cirencester.
Wm. Prelatte, Esq., a very special benefactor to the chapel
of Holy Trinity, and two wives Agnes, and Joan. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the Trinity Chapel.
Size. — 3ft. 5m. X 3ft. 2in.
Description. — "Close to Robert Pagge's monument is the
valuable brass of William Prelatte, and his two wives : dated
1462 (2 Ed. IV.), and the costume may well be compared with
Monumental Brasses.
63
that of Richard Dixton, [vide No. xii] which is only a quarter
of a century earlier. The variations in the dress will fully
repay careful study."
Prelatte wears a helmet of the kind termed salaries
(Germ. Schale, a ' shell ' or ' bowl') ; the salade was originally
a close-fitting helmet which protected the sides of the face and
the back of the head ; in this instance it is cupola-shaped. The
visor is raised, and the face is destitute of beard or moustache.
His neck is protected by a haussecol of mail, and his armpits
also by gussets of mail, — the one at the right armpit is very
clearly shown ; from this we learn that the use of mail armour
which had been discontinued for a time again came into fashion.
On his breast immediately above his finger he wears a " sun "
which the Rev. W. E. Hadow says is " the emblem of the
House of York." The system of reinforcing or strengthening
the armour by secondary plates is well shown on this brass.
The shoulders are protected by pauldrons, the left one being
crested and larger than the right one. The elbow-pieces or
coudieres are fanshaped and beginning to take the extrava-
gant size which afterwards was so much in vogue. The
mode of fastening the coudiere of the right arm is distinctly
visible : (57) a staple from the
under armour comes through the
coudiere and by means of a spring-
pin, which is thrust through the
staple, this extra defence was
fixed. The skirt of five taces is
plain and to the last tace are
fastened two tuiles, which are
large, scalloped and five-pointed,
and between which a baguette of
mail is seen. Gauntlets, very
much resembling a tortoise-shell cover the back of the hands,
the fingers are bare. The genouillieres are large with plates
behind them the legs are protected by the usual plate armour,
The sollerets are laminated throughout and the rowelled spurs
have no strap beneath the feet : the spurs are " guarded by a
thin plate of steel over the rowells to prevent their entangling
or penetrating deep." — Haines, i. clxxxviii. The sword has a
circular pommel with a fringe and an adorned hilt ; the sword
hangs diagonally in front of him suspended from a belt of which
Fig. 58.
Defence of Arm, 11462.
Cirencester.
64 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
the ornamental buckle is shown. On his right side is fastened
a misericorde. He stands on a ground on which, between his
feet is a plant bearing three conventional flowers. The husband
is placed between his two wives and all three have their hands
placed in the attitude of prayer. The two wives wear the
horned head-dress — a peculiar costume long in high favour
with the ladies, in spite of the severe censures launched against
it both by the clergy and the laymen — the hair being visible
beneath. They are clad in long kirtles, with high waists, the
sleeves and collars, which open and lie back leaving the neck
bare, are guarded with fur. One wife wears a ribbon with a
sun like her husband ; the second one wears a cross in lieu of
the sun. At the feet of each wife lies a little dog with a collar
of bells.
Inscription. — The inscription is thus worded : —
1blc sepeliuntur TlCUllius iprelatte Hrmtqer specfalissim'
benefactor but* Capellc Hcjnes nup' uror 3obannis /Ifoartgn et
Jobana | filia et bercs IRicaroi oe GobEnoon [IRelict] a Jobann is
^w^ii^bo oe Cagforoe in comitatu Som's Brmigeri urorcs ipius |
TUMli qui quioe Willius iprelatte obi [t in] viqilia Bscencionis
o'nice jjvj° oie maij anno O'nt flh° CCCC" %%i]° quor' p'piciet' Oe' %■
The inscription in English reads thus : — "Here are buried
William Prelatte, Esquire, a most special benefactor of this
chapel, Agnes late the wife of John Martyn, and Joan, daughter
and heiress of Richard de Cobyndon and the widow of John
Twynho of Cayforde in the county of Somerset, Esq, wives of
the above William ; which William died on the eve of the
Ascension of our Lord, the 26 May, A.D. 1462, on whom may
God have mercy. — Amen."
Heraldry. — In the extract from Lysons' are given his arms :
but in the west window of the nave occurs a shield : — Argent,
an escallop gules, impaled with azure, a chevron gules,
diffierenced with a crescent, for Prelatte and his second wife
Joan the heiress of William Cobyndon.
Illustration : — " The Brass of William Prelatte and his two
wives engraved is in Lysons' Glouceste> shire Antiquities, pi. 16.
where the inscription is not correctly given, either in the letter-
press or on the engraving ; in both aibus is inserted, which word
is omitted in the inscription — simply because there was not room
for it and in the former, after heres is ommitted Ricardi de
Cobyndon relicta. The arms of their two husbands Prelatte
and Twynyhow, are in the spandrels of the east window of
Bagendon Church." — Rev. W. E. Hadow.
Monumental Brasses.
65
Portions Lost. — Five shields, one over each figure and two
below the inscription.
Biographical Account. — The inscription relates that he was
a very special benefactor to the Chapel of Holy Trinity. " A
part of Wm. Prelatte's benefaction to this chapel appears to
have been a painting representing the martyrdom of St.
Erasmus, discovered a few years ago on the north wall, since
his arms — argent, a chevron gules, charged with a crescent, are
represented under it. * This William Prelatte appears to have
been in the service of Richard Duke of York, the father of King
Edward IV., by a letter from him preserved among the MSS.
Fig. 59. Feet. 1462, Cirencester.
at Holm Lacy, directed ' to oure trusty and well-beloved
squier and Servant William Prelat, oure Recever and Feodier
in Gloucestershire,' which accounts for the figure of the Duke
having been placed in the east window, and his cognizance
* In the Archceologia vol. xv. p. 405 are a sketch and description of this
painting, by Mr, Samuel Lysons.
66 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
(the falcon and fetterlock) being carved in several parts of this
chapel, as it does not appear that the duke himself had
any connection with Cirencester." — Lysons's Gloucestershire
Antiquities.
He was an executor of Richard Dixton's will (vide No. xi),
and receiver-general of the Gloucestershire estates of Richard
Duke of York. His house was in Laurens St., i.e, Gloucester
St. (Register of Lady Chapel, f 19. a.)
xxv.— Cbipping Cat^en.
John Lethenard, merchant, 1467, and wife Joan. Nave. —
Haines.
Position. — On a flat stone in the nave, a portion being
under a movable platform. (Feb., 1882.)
Size. — 3ft. 3in. x 2ft. 5m.
Description. — John Lethenard has his hair cropped across
the temples and above the ears ; he is also clean shaven. He
wears the ordinary civilian's gown characteristic of the period,
edged with fur, and slightly open at the lower part of the skirt.
The sleeves are full, but close at the wrists where the fur
lining is exposed. The upper portion of the gown is turned
down, showing the fur lining and reaching down the front, till
hidden by the hands. At the wrists and neck portions of the
underdress are visible. The waist is confined by a narrow
plain belt. The shoes are distinct from the hose, and the
fastening at the side is shown. Between the feet are three
sprays of trefoils. (60)
Joan Lethenard wears a modified form of the horned
headdress, of which a description is given in No. XIX. Her
gown is long and flowing, covering her feet ; it has a v-shaped
opening, which extends below the girdle, and is edged with
fur. The sleeves are close, and of uniform breadth, with large
cuffs lined with fur. It is very short-waisted, the girdle used
being plain and narrow. (60)
They are both represented erect, and in a devotional
attitude, the wife being on her husband's left hand.
Inscription. — The figures stand on a plate of brass, on
which is engraved the following inscription : —
1btc lacent 3obes 3Letbenaro quondam /nvcator isti' ville q.
... I anno o'nf Atll'mo flCCC° l$vij° et $ob'na vjor elite
quor' . . .
Fig. 60 John Lethenard and wife Joan. 1467, Chipping Campden.
68 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
In English thus — " Here lie John Lethenard, formerly
merchant of this town (who died) in the year of our Lord
1467, and Joan his wife, on whose (souls may God have
mercy. Amen.")
Illustrations. — None known.
Portions Lost. — Part of the inscription,
Biographical Account. — Unknown.
xxvi.— Cirencester.
William Notyngham, 1427 (head gone), and wife Cristina,
1434, engraved circa 1470. South aisle. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the Lady Chapel.
Size. — 2ft. 5in. x 2ft. 4m., not including the shieid of arms.
Description. — " The earliest dated brass in Cirencester
Church is in the Lady Chapel. It is that to the memory of
William Nottingham and his wife. . . . Next to the brass
o,f the wine merchant and his vvife;: comes the brass of W.
Nottingham, which, as I before stated, is the earliest
brass in the church ; it bears the following inscription : —
©rate pro a't'abus Knill'i Wotgngbam et Crtstine vjorts eius
qui qutOem TKatll'mue obiit iiT oie mensts IRouembrts Bnno
O'ni AbtU'mo CCGC° jjvij" jEt preOtct' Cbristma obtit iiiju oie
Sulij B° o'ni /nb0CCCGu otU° q°c ai'abs, p'piciet' oeus -amen.
"This fixes the dates at the 5th and 12th years of Henry VJ.
The effigy of the man who is headless, is clothed in the usual
civilian's gown of the period with a rosary on the right hand
side of the belt, the end of which is visible. The female
figure wears the ' horned ' or ' mitred ' headdress, but no hair
is visible beneath ; the kirtle is long and flowing to the feet ;
the sleeves are tight, and no cincture is visible at the waist.
The collar is remarkable as coming down in a loop to the
waist." — Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A.
They are represented full-face with hands in the attitude
of prayer, the husband having his wife on his left hand.
The style of engraving is very much later than the date on
the brass and as appears above. Haines assigns it to the
period 1470. It is of course possible that Sir William
Nottingham a baron of the Exchequer may have placed this
memorial to his father.
* Vide No. V. of this series.
Monumental Brasses. 69
Inscription. — The above inscription may be translated
thus : — "Pray for the souls of William Notyngham and of his
wife Christiana, which William died on the 21st of November,
A.D., 1427, and the aforesaid Christiana died on the 4th July,
AD., 1433. On whose souls may God have mercy. Amen."
Illustrations. — None known.
Portions Lost. — The head of the husband, and a shield of
arms between the husband and wife.
Biographical Account. — In Atkyns's Gloucestershire it is
recorded that "there is an inscription, upon a marble stone,
in the south aisle for Sir William Nottingham, and his wife.
He died 1427," and in his account of the chantries, Sec, he
says, " the office of St. Thomas the Martyr, founded by Sir
William Nottingham, baron of the Exchequer, whereof
Thomas Neal was the last chaplain.'' It would seem that
Atkyns' has confused the two William Nottingham's.
Rev. E. A. Fuller records that this William Nottingham
was a clothier and father of Sir William Nottingham. He
quotes this extract from Sir William's will : — " to the support
and maintenance of one priest which shall be fit and which
shall say Divine prayer in the said church of Saint John, at
the altar of St. Thomas the Martyr, where the bodies of
William Nottingham and Christine his wife, my parents, were
buried."
xxvii.— Bristol, St. flfcar£ IReocliffc
Philip Mede, Esq., 1475 (?) in tabard and two wives, one
in heraldic mantle, with demi-figure of our Saviour (?),
inscription lost, quadrangular plate, mural North Aisle. —
Haines.
Position.— Affixed to the north wall under a canopy.
Size. — 22^ in. x i8f in.
Description. — His helmet lies on the ground in front of
him. His head is uncovered, and his hair is long and flowing.
Over his armour he wears a tabard or suicoat. The
tabard is slit at the sides and portions of the armour are to be
seen beneath. Round his neck is a standard of mail. The
arms are protected by pieces of plate armour whilst the hands
are bare. To the skirt of taces are fastened large tuiles.
The legs are encased in armour, the tying of the genouillieres
yo Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Fig. 61. Philip Mede and his two wives. 1475, Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff.
Monumental Brasses. 71
being most plainly shown ; on the feet are large sollerets or
sabbatons.
Both the ladies wear the kennel head-dress and the long
flowing robe cut low at the neck ; the lady to the left of the
husband wears a heraldic mantle. Her gown is confined by a
girdle fastened in front, with an ornamental pendant at the end.
The other lady wears no adornment nor mantle, and so her
dress is seen to fit tightly to the body, the sleeves being close
fitting with deep cuffs.
From the husband's hands proceed a label '5'C8 tritUtHS
Ym' &e' miserere nObtS', ' Holy Trinity, one God pity us,'
and from the hands of the lady in the heraldic cloak is 'patei*
oe celis oeus miserere nobis,' *o God the Father of
Heaven pity us.' All the figures are kneeling ; the tips of the
fingers of the husband and the wife behind him are merely
touching ; the lady in the heraldic mantle is holding up her
hands in supplication. The husband is turned a little to the
left to face the lady in the mantle, who is turned a little to her
right ; the lady behind the husband is turned a little to her left.
The background is plain.
At the top of the brass is a demi-figure representing our
Saviour in a blaze of light and his head surrounded by a
nimbus. He is holding his hands in the attitude of blessing.
Inscription. — Lost.
Heraldry. — His surcoat is charged with the following
armorial bearings : — Sable, a chevron ermine, between three
trefoils slipt argent ; these bearings are shown twice, — on the
breast and skirt, and on the right arm, — the left side is not
visible.
The mantle of his first wife bears the following arms :
. two lions rampant. . . . She has a necklace with
an ornament hanging in front.
In the British Museum is an example of his seal as Mayor
of Bristol. It is thus described :
4696 [A.D. 1459] Red. (Add Charters 26,474)
Ob. — On the left a view of Bristol castle, with three storeys
of embattled masonry, on one of the corner towers a watchman,
half-length to the left, blowing a horn, on the battlements
a flag charged with a cross, on another turret another
watchman blowing a horn. The secret quay is open and a
ship is sailing out from behind the castle, with high forecastle
72 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
and flag of the Royal Arms of England, as used by Edward
III., viz. quarterly i and 4, and semy-de-lis, for France ; 2, 3,
England. In the field over the forecastle the initial letter B.
SIGILL' MAIORITATIS VILLE. BRISTOLLIE.
R. — A small round signet, fin. from a chased ring.
An eagle rising with expanded wings, cf. crest of MEADE, an
eagle displayed with two heads between two indistinct
initial letters in black letter.
Illustration. — Bristol : Past and Present, vol 2 p. 208.
Portions Lost. — The inscription.
Biographical Account. — " Philip Mede was at the battle of
Nibley Green. He was present at " the unduly summoned"
parliament held at Coventry which attainted the Duke of York
and his friends.
" The first name of the wife of Philip Mede is all that
Barrett mentions, and we, therefore, only know that it was
Isabel, and that their son John lies with them. Isabel* their
daughter, married the fifth Maurice, Lord Berkeley,! who was
disinherited by his brother, William, Marquis of Berkeley,
because he had married the daughter of a Bristol merchant
whose parentage was not considered sufficiently honourable for
an alliance with a Berkeley ! The will of Philip Mede was
proved January nth, 1471, in which he directs his body to be
interred at the altar of St. Stephen, in the church of St. Mary
Redcliffe, to which he was a benefactor. He served the office
of Bailiff in 1444; Sheriff in 1454; Mayor in 1458, 1461, and
1468 ; and was returned Member of Parliament for Bristol in
1460, and which met both at Coventry and Westminster."—
Pryce, pp. 187, 188, 189.
Philip Mede was the son of Thomas, son of Thomas,
decended from the Meads of Mead-place in Feyland, in
Wraxall, co. Somerset'. — Smyth's Lives of the Berkeleys,p. 165.
His will is in the Great Book of the Wills, and proved
Mar. 1476. It is also in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury
21 Wattys. His inquisition post mortem shows that he had
lands in Faryeland alias Feylond, Wraxhall, Rolleston,
Bedmyster, Somerset.
*A full account of the ceremonial of this lady's funeral will be found in
Smyth's Lives 0/ the Berkeleys, pp. 166, 167.
fBorn at Berkeley 1435, married at 30 years of age, died 22 Hen. VII., anno
1506. They had four children.
Monumental Brasses. 73
xxviii.— Bristol, St. Sobn.
Thomas Rowley, merchant and sheriff, deceased 1478, and
wife Margaret, under moveable floor, Nave. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the centre of the Nave.
Size.— 3ft. iin. X 2ft. 4m.
Description. — The hair is combed over the forehead, but
shewing the ears, and he is clean shaven. His mantle is
fastened at the right shoulder and falls over the left arm ; the
lining is edged with fur. The mantle was worn at that period
as a distinctive garment of civic functionaries. The collar of
the tunic is seen above the mantle ; the tunic reaches to the
ankles, the lower edge has a fur border.
The sleeves are moderately full with
narrow fur cuffs, beneath them are the
tight fitting sleeves of an under-dress.
The tunic is kept in place by a plain
narrow belt, which is buckled on the left
side. From this girdle hangs a gypciere
or pouch and a rosary, (62) both on the
right side. When Chaucer described Fig. 62. Purse and Beads,
a " Franklein " he said that a H78. Bristol St. John.
" Gypser al of silk
Heng at his gerdul, whit as morne mylk."
The gypciere was worn by women as well as by men, for
when Chaucer described the carpenter's wife he says : —
And by hire girdel hung a purse of lether
Tasseled with silk and perled with latoun.
The gypciere served as an external purse, and was worn
much earlier, but rarely seen on effigies before the time of
Edward IV. The anelace which figured so conspicuously on
earlier brasses is now superseded by the rosary. " This was a
chaplet composed of various numbers of beads strung loosely
on a cord or thread." — Haines, i. cciii. n.
The shoes are long with pointed toes and fastened across
the instep, and on the ground between the feet is a trefo 1.
Margaret Rowley wears a variety of the horned head-dress
called the heart-shaped. Her gown covers her feet and is girt
high by a broad girdle. The gown has a v-shaped opening
from the shoulders below the girdle with a border of fur at the
edges ; the sleeves are close, of uniform breadth throughout
74
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
and have deep cuffs lined with fur and turned back. The
kirtle is seen at the neck and wrists. From Thomas is a
label with the inscription SC'a /IDaria Ota pro ltOblS ("Holy
Mary pray for us "). And from Margaret proceeds a label with
the words Sc'a ZTrinttas vn' QC'
miser' 110b ("Holy Trinity one
God, pity us "). Both are erect,
with hands folded, the wife being on her
husband's left. Above each figure is
a shield containing his merchant's
mark : — a Maltese cross with a streamer
from its summit, the cross bar seems
to be the Arabic numeral 2 and on
Merchant's Mark, the lower part of the stem are " T.R., "
his initials. (63)
inscription beneath the figure is : —
Ibfc iacet Gbonias IRowlep quoo'm m'cator ac Dicecome, buius
vtlle periston, et qui quio'm | Gbomas obitt ijtij° bie mese
Sanuarti anno o'ni /lIMlllo <JCCC° il£vuij° Bt /Ifoarcjareta I vjor ei
que obtjt bie mese. a° t>m /nycCCG0 lj£ quo3 animabs
P'ptcter Deame.
In English thus — '" Here lies Thomas Rowley, sometime
v^ I a merchant and sheriff of this town of Bristol,
&£k who died on the 23rd January, 1478, together
B with Margaret his wife, who died 1470. To
JHL^^Bfc whose souls may God be merciful. Amen."
W H&. , Heraldry. — Between the figures is a
^^^^^ / shield (64) charged with a • roe" ( Haines)
\Mm J £/ possibly a canting coat of arms. ' The
arms of Thomas Rowdey seem to be a
Hait-proper on a field sanguine." —
Pryce, p. 96.
Fig. 63.
1478, Bristol, St. John.
Inscription. — The
Fig. 64. Shield, 1478,
Bristol, St. John.
Illustration. — Pryce, p. 96.
Portions Lost. — None.
Biographical Account. — '• Much difference of opinion has
obtained as to this Thomas Rowley. It is known that he
founded a chauntry in this church, and it is recorded that he
was one of the bailiffs of the city in the year 1466, and sheriff
in 1475."— Pryce, p. 98.
•'Thomas Rowley was appointed executor to the will of his
son, William Rowley, burgess of Bristol, 25th November,
Monumental Brasses. 75
1478, but died before the will was proved ; 18th March, 1478,
old style, was the date of probate." — Rev. T. P. WadUy, M.A.
His will was proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury,
36 Wattys. There is extant a view of Bristol Castle as it
appeared in 1440, with this name in the corner "T. Rowleie
Canonicus delin, 1440."
xxix.— Cirencester.
Ralph Parsons, 1478, with chalice and host, much worn. —
Haines.
Position. — On the floor at the east end of the Trinity
Chapel.
Size. — 3ft. 3m. by ift. s¥m-
Description. — w In Trinity Chapel also is the brass of an
ecclesiastic, vested in alb, stole, amice, chasuble, and maniple;
and valuable as having the chalice and host in the hands."
Inscription. — The inscription is : —
"©rate pro anima oni IRaoulpbi parsons quondam capellani
p'pctue cantarie S'te ftrinitatis in bac cc'lia funoate qui obiit
ll*i£ oie Bugusti B° o'ni /lfcGCCC° Iiiviij cuj a'i'e p'picicr oeus.
amen."
The inscription reads thus in English : — " Pray for the soul
of Sir Ralph Parsons, formerly chaplain of the perpetual
chantry of the Holy Trinity founded in this church, who died
on the 29th day of August A.D. 1478, on whose soul may God
have mercy. Amen."
From the mouth proceeds a circular label, but the lettering
is indistinct.
Illustration. — None known.
Portions Lost. — A shield above the head, a portion of the
scroll issuing from the mouth, and a part of the surname has
been chipped out. The whole brass is much worn.
Biographical Account. — From the inscription we learn that
Ralph Parsons was a chaplain of the Chantry of Holy
Trinity in Cirencester Church. It appears that he bequeathed
to the church his cope, which was afterwards altered into a
pulpit cloth. It has been thus described:- — "The cope was
cut into long strips and sewed up into its present shape. It is
made of blue velvet with a wide border, which is now quite
faded, but was perhaps purple. Both the middle and border
are covered with spangles and embroidered with cherubim
76
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
standing on stars of Bethlehem with pine apples in gold and
colours. The border at the upper part seems meant to be
worn round the neck, as the pine apples are inverted. One of
the cherubim holds a shield of armorial bearings : — Argent
on a chevron sable, three roses or, under which is a scroll with
the words Orate pro anima domitri Radnlphi Parsons. Under
the other cherubim are the words Gloria tibi Trinitas ; over the
pine apples on the border are the words Da gloriam Deo. '''
Rev. E. A. Fuller says that " Part of the embroidery is the
six-winged seraphim of Ezekiel's vision, which appear also on
the outside of the Great South Door, and in the remains of
ancient glass in the Trinity Chapel and the Garstany Chapel."
xxx.-JBristol, St. /IDars 1Re£>cliff.
John Jay, and wife Joan, circa 1480, with 6 sons and 8
daughters, canopy and shields. — Haines.
Position. — On a ledger-stone on the south side of the
Chancel.
Size. — 7ft. gin. x 2ft. gin.
Description. — His hair is worn over his ears, and covers
the forehead, reaching nearly to the eyebrows : he is clean
shaven. His tunic reaches to his feet, and is edged with fur.
It is slightly open up the front and reveals
the fur lining. It is cut square at the
neck, and here appears a small portion of
the collar o' his under-dress, as also the
manner in which it was fastened by means
of a lace passing through holes, of which
two are visible. The sleeves are ample and
of uniform breadth, they are turned back at
the wrists and form moderately deep cuffs.
Beneath them are seen the tightly fitting
sleeves of an under-dress. The tunic is
Purse and confined at the waist by a very narrow
girdle, from which hang a purse and a rosary.
(65) John Jay's shoes have pointed toes.
Joan Jay is dressed in the usual long close-fitting gown
covering the feet, and confined at the waist by a narrow and
ornamental girdle. Above the girdle the gown is thrown
back nearly to the shoulders, and has a border of fur at the
Fig. 65.
Beads c. 1480
Bristol St. Mary
Redcliff.
Monumental Brasses.
77
Fig. 66. Dau. c.
1480. Bristol St.
Mary Redcliff.
edges of the v-shaped opening, and beneath the kirtle is
visible fitting up to the neck. The sleeves are narrower than
those of her husband's tunic, of uniform breadth with much
deeper fur cuffs, and at the wrists are seen the sleeves of her
kirtle. On her head is a variety of the horned
headdress.
Beneath the husband are six sons dressed
in long plain tunics, with stand-up collars,
but their hair is long, especially in the first two,
where it reaches their shoulders. These two
are taller than the rest. Under the wife are
eight daughters, dressed in gowns which do not
cover the feet : the gowns are made after the
fashion of their mother's with the wide v-shaped
opening in front. Nos. 3, 6 and 8 have long
hair and caps somewhat similar to the
fashionable 'mob' caps (66) they are also
shorter than the others. The remaining 5
wear the butterfly headdress.
The figures lie under a double canopy, with oval cusped
heads and crocketted ogee gables, with a foliated finial. The
pediments are filled in variously, (67) and
the groining is shewn ; there is a soffit
moulding of quatrefoils. On either side
and between the canopies rise panelled
pinnacles set on diagonally and terminated
in crocketted finials ; the outer pinnacles
are continued down by the side of the
figures, and the centre one terminates in a
pendant.
There are four
shields, one above the
husband between the
gable and the outer
pinnacle ; the same is
repeated below the
daughters. Mr. Haines
suggests that it is
charged with a fuller's Fig" 6g' Merchant's Mark
Fig « Shieidc. I48o, bat. (68) Another * ^ ££&*• Mary
Bristol St. Mary ,..} .' Kedclirt.
Redcliff. shield is above the wife, between the
Fig. 67, Rose. c. 1
Bristol St. Mary Redcliff.
78 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries
gable and the outer pinnacle ; the same is repeated below the
sons. This shield contains a merchant's mark, (69) which
consists of a cross with two short legs and a streamer flying
from the shaft. At the bottom of the shaft extends a cross
each way horizontally : the legs and crosses pass through a
small circle, of which the end of the shaft forms the centre
John and Joan Jay are represented erect and full-face, the
wife being on her husband's left hand : the sons are erect and
turned half a turn to the left and the daughters are also
turned half a turn to the right.
Inscription. — The effigies are standing on a band of brass
which bears this inscription : —
1bic iacent 3obes 3av> (SUtonfcam Dfcecomes ietius ville et
3obanna x>£ ei' q' quifcem 3obe | obljt — Die mense — a°£)'ni
/nVCCCG ljj£° — CSUtot'aTab3 P'piciet' fce' ante'
Which reads thus in English, " Here lie John Jay,
formerly sheriff of this town, and Joan his wife, which John
died on the day of the month of A.D. 148 — . On
whose souls may God have mercy. Amen."
Illustrations. — Bristol, past and present, vol. 2, p. 208.
Journal of Archaeological Association, vol. ii, p. 115 (Mark).
Portions Lost. — None.
biographical Account. — The will of a John Jaye is in the
Prerogative Court of Canterbury under date 1468, 23 Godyn ;
and it occurs in the Great Orphan Book, and Book of Wills.
He had a wife Joan and desired to be buried in the choir of St.
Mary of Redcliff, Bristol. His brother John Jaye to be
executor, and this most probably is the person here com-
memorated. This Joan was sister to William Wyrcestre, the
fifteenth century topographer and antiquary. The will of a
Joan Jaye is to be seen in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury,
29 Dogett. — 1492 John Jay was sheriff in 1472.
The following is extracted from Harper's Magazine vol. 25,
1893, pp. 436-7. "Other rich merchants might be instanced
were it necessary to enlarge on the prosperity of Bristol such
as May, Young, and Spelly, the builder of the chapel on the
bridge, but we have only space to speak of John Jay, who in
1480, sent out two ships under the command of the most
scientific mariner in England, one Thlyde, or Lloyd, in search
of the much-talked-of Isle of Brazil supposed to lie to the west
of Ireland. This is the first recorded expedition from England
Fig. 70. Priest c. 1480, Cirencester.
Monumental Brasses. 81
to discover America, and it was followed by numerous others
but until the year 1497 none of these voyages was continued
sufficiently far to be crowned with success. The connection
with America thus begun has continued to the present day."
xxxi.— Cirencester.
A priest, circa 1480, in cassock, small, inscription lost,
south aisle. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the Lady Chapel.
Size. — 2ft. 4in. by ift. 3^in.
Description. — " In the Lady Chapel there is another
ecclesiastical figure clad only in a cassock, valuable on account
of its rarity. The fragments of inscription at the foot have no
relation to the figure." — Rev. W . E. Hadow, M.A.
The cassock was generally worn as an undergarment but
here the priest is represented in it as his ordinary dress.
There is another example of a priest habited only in a cassock
on the brass commemorating Thos. Awmarle, c. 1400,
Cardynham Cornwall.
The cassock formed a portion of the processional or
canonical attire, and as such is seen on the brass in Temple
Church, Bristol. In the west window of Cirencester Abbey is
represented an ecclesiastic with a red cassock.
The hair is worn long enough to cover half of the ears and
the tonsure is clearly shown( The shoes have pointed toes.
Beneath the feet is the word SUOI'UIU, which could not have
formed a portion of the inscription. The figure is erect with
hands in a devotional attitude. (70)
Illustration. — Haines i. p. lxxvii.
Portions Lost. — A circular label issuing from the mouth,
and the inscription beneath the feet.
xxxii.— Cirencester.
A civilian and wife in mantle, circa 1480, worn, another
wife, inscription and children lost. South aisle. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the Lady Chapel.
Size. — The portion that is left measures 3ft. X 2ft. iin.
Description. — "In this same chapel (Lady Chapel) are the
brasses of a merchant and his wife, which have been much
injured. They lie close to the north wall. The male figure is
dressed in a long gown, descending to the feet, bound round
82 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries
the waist by a girdle, which falls down the front of the figure,
and supporting on the right side a rosary, the sleeves are loose
at the wrist, showing the sleeves of the under tunic. The
female figure wears a kirtle, falling in folds over the feet,
surmounted by a robe with a standing collar, fastened at the
throat; the head is covered with acoverchief falling behind the
figure. There is no name or inscription of any kind, nor
trace of any, but the brass is most probably late in the 14th
century or early in the 15th century." — Rev. W . E. Hadotv,
M.A.
Illustration. — None known.
Portions Lost. — One wife, some children, and the
inscription; the husband has lost the upper half of his head.
xxxiil— cbtpptna Campfcen.
William Gybbys, 1484, and wives Alice, Margaret, Marion,
with seven sons and six daughters. Nave. — Haines. Atkyns
incorrectly gives the name as Dobbins.
Position. — On a ledger-stone in the centre of the nave.
The effigies of the husband and one wife are under a movable
platform.
Size. — 4ft. 5in. x 3ft.
Description. — William Gybbys wears his hair long but
brushed back behind the ears, it presents an arched appearance
across the forehead, and he is clean shaven. His tunic is long
and reaches to his ankles, it has a tight-fitting collar at the
neck, above which is seen the collar of an under-dress
fastened in the same manner as that of No. XXX. The
sleeves are full and of uniform breadth, at the wrists they are
turned back and form slight fur cuffs, beneath which the
sleeves of an underdress are visible. The gown is confined by
a girdle, of which the hanging portion is seen on his left side ;
from it on the right side hangs a rosary, to the cwo ends of
which are fastened two tassels, on the string are twelve beads
equally divided. The shoes are long, with pointed toes, and
fastened across the instep. Between the feet is represented a
conventional plant of seven leaves.
The three wives all wear the modified form of the horned
headdress, termed heart-shaped. Each lady wears a long
gown, which falls in graceful folds, hiding the feet; it has a
Monumental Brasses. 83
turn-over collar, v-shaped, of fur or velvet, terminating below
the girdle in a point, and thrown back nearly to the shoulders,
revealing an under-vest or stomacher of a different colour.
The sleeves are full and of uniform breadth, but not so ample
as those of the husband, while the cuffs are very much deeper.
The gown is girt high by a plain cincture.
All four are represented erect, full-face with hands in the
attitude of prayer
Beneath the figures are two groups of children, on the
right hand corner seven sons with long hair and tunics like
their father, on the left hand corner six daughters in butterfly
headdresses. The figures are too much worn to distinguish
their dresses, which, however, hide the feet. The sons are
turned to their left to face the daughters, who are turned to
their right.
Inscription. — The figures stand on a fillet of brass, which
bears the following inscription : —
©rate pro aTabus Willi ©Ebbvs Bllcie, /iftargarete et
/ibartone Cousortes sue quiquio m Willi us obiit viir I oie meusis
Sauuarii Bimo 2>omim mill mo CCCC Imtitf, Quorum
animabus p'piciet' oe'. Bmen"
In English thus : — " Pray for the souls of William Gybbys,
Alice, Margaret, and Marion his consorts, which William died
on the 8th of January, A.D. 1484 : To whose souls nay God
be merciful. Amen."
Illustration. — Bigland's Gloucestershire, vol. i., p. 284.
Portions Lost. — Over the head of the outside wives are the
matrices of two sciolls, one of which is shown on the
engraving in Bigland to have the words, Jhti vierci, ladye
hdp.
xxxiv.— /iiMcbelfcean.
Thomas Baynham, Esq., 1444, and two wives Margery and
Alice, all lost hut the effigies of the wives which are loose,
engraved circa 1485. — Haines.
Position. — Hanging on two nails in the vestry. In
Bigland's time they were inlaid on a large blue stone "in the
farther North Aisle."
Srze. — Each effigy measures 2ft. 6in. x ift. 6in.
Description. — In this interesting brass the most striking
feature is the totally different shape of the headyear each wife
affects. The vagaries of fashion are here brought into close
84
Monumental Brasses.
and sharp contrast, and it is difficult without the aid of
illustrations clearly to picture in words the great divergence in
form and mode of wearing the head-dresses of these two ladies.
To those interested in such matters it may be stated that
illustrations of both these forms of the head-dress are given in
any work on costume.
Margaret Baynham. c. I485, Micheldean.
Margaret Baynham wears the wired or butterfly head-dress,
which was much in vogue especially among ladies of rank.
This remarkable head-dress was composed of a framework of
wire fastened to a cap or caul into which the hair was strained
back so as to be completely hidden. This caul was made of
coloured silks oftentimes embroidered in gold or silver thread
and sometimes enriched with jewels. Over this wirework
foundation a veil of gauze, lawn or other light material was
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. 85
thrown. Planche in his history of British Costume shews
that these butterfly head-dresses are prototypes of those worn
even at the present day in Normandy. (71)
The head-dress of Alice Baynham is very different from
that of Margaret Baynham. Alice is represented as wearing
the pedimental, kennel, or diamond-shaped head-dress ; as this
head-dress is to be found on many of the brasses in
Gloucestershire it is worthy of description. Mr. F. W.
Fairholt, F.S.A., in his account of Ladies' Head Gear thus
speaks of this head-dress. " A perfectly geometrical form,
which might have been invented by some clerical architect,
succeeded to the butterfly head-diessin the reign of our Henry
VII. An angle, like the penthouse of ?n old timber mansion,
was formed over a lady's forehead, and a straight ugly line was
brought down the sides of the face ; the whole thing was
formalism run mad." St. James's Magazine, No. XII (March
1862), p. 459. Like the butterfly head-dress it was
" supported by wires and confined the hair in a round cap at
the back of the head, but it was destitute of the veil
projecting behind, its leading characteristics were long frontlets
or lappets which formed an angle over the forehead, and hung
down on each side, and similar lappets depended behind."
Haines, i. p. ccxii. As the head is turned to the right,
the lappet hanging behind is clearly seen ; all the lappets
are plain.
The dresses of the ladies, though similar, differ somewhat
in detad. Both are close-fitting, small waisted and long, and
gathered in graceful folds round the feet. They are fastened
in front, but the method of fastening is not shown. Fur is to
be seen at the neck, and round the hem of the skirt. The
sleeves are narrow and fit tightly.
The gown of Margaret is cut low at the neck, and the cuffs
are large, slashed, and turned back, disclosing the fur lining.
The waist is encircled by a long narrow girdle, which, passing
through a large buckle on her right side, hangs down in front
with a pendant terminating in a tassel ; the mode of fastening
is curious, for the tongue of the buckle does not pass through
the strap, but beneath it ; the strap is adorned with embossed
or embroidered scroll-work. The neck is bare and she seems
to be wearing a small chain ; the kirtle or underdress is seen.
Alice is wearing a gown cut square at the neck, and at the
86 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
top of the fastening of the gown is a brooch (?). The cuffs,
instead of being turned back, cover the hands reaching to the
knuckles. The buckle of her belt is on her left side, and the
tongue of the buckle passes through a hole in the belt, which
is enriched with scroll-work.
Both the ladies are represented erect with hands clasped in
a devotional attitude, Margaret being slightly turned to her
left to display her butterfly headdress, (71) and similarly Aliceis
turned to her right to match, and probably the husband was
placed full face between them.
Illustration. — Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire
Archaeological Society, Volume VI, Plates VII and VIII.
Portions Lost. — This brass was mutilated in Bigland's
time. He records that over the man's head the escutcheon
with a mantle and crest was then gone ; there were " four
corner Escutcheons, three remaining; 1. Gules, a Chevron
between three bulls Heads caboshed Argent for Baynham ; 2.
A Fess surmounted of another indented, for Hodye ; 3.
Quarterly 1st and 4th, Baynham; 2nd and 3rd, on a Chief
three Mullets ; — impaling, Per Pale Or and Vert, twelve
Guttes counterchanged, for Greyndour, and Crusilly a Fess,
for . . . ." History of Gloucestershire i. p. 446, s.v. Dean Michel.
Memoir. — Thomas Baynham was son and nearest heir of
Robert Baynham, and at his father's death, 12th September,
1436, he was aged 14 years five months and three days. —
(Iuq. p. m. 15, Henry VI, No. 15.)
" Thomas inherited from his father, with other lands, the
first moiety of the Manor of Dene Magna, or the purparty of
Johanna, the senior co-heir of William de Dene. He married,
as his first wife, Margaret, daughter of Richard Hcdy, one of
the King's Justices — it is so stated in an old pedigrte iecorded
in the Heralds' College in 1582, nevertheless it would seem to
be doubtful ; there was never a Richard Hody, a justice in
either of the King's Courts — and by her had a son and heir
named Alexander. He married secondly, Alice, daughter and
heir of William Walwyn, with whom he acquired also, in her
right, the other moiety, or purparty, of Isabella, the second
co-heir. By her he had a son Christopher, heir of his mother
and other children."
Much further information respecting the Baynham family
will be found in a paper on the " Manors of Dene Magna and
Monumental Brasses
87
Abenhall," by Sir John Maclean, F.S.A. in the "Transactions
of the Bristol and Gloucestei shire Archaeological Society,"
Vol. VI.
xxxv.-iRortbleacb.
A woolman and wife, circa 1485, with two sons and two
daughters, merchant's mark and marginal inscription. North
aisle.- — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the north aisle.
Size. — 6ft. 8in x 2ft. 8in.
Description. — The husband has his hair long, parted down
the middle and brushed back behind the ears. He wears a
tunic, which does not quite reach the ankles ; it is edged with
fur round the skirt, wrists, and neck. The sleeves are full and
flowing with wide openings at the wrists, where the sleeves
are turned back to form narrow fur cuffs. The gown is kept in
place by a girdle, which has an ornamental stud visible in iront
The gown is closed the whole way down ; the mode ot
fastening is concealed. Round his neck is a narrow collar,
possibly of his underdress, above the band of fur. At the
Fig. 72. Feet of Husband, c. 1485. Northleach.
88
Monumental Brasses.
wrists the tight-fitting sleeves of the underdress are seen. He
has neither anelace gypciere, nor rosary. He wears low shoes
with rounded toes. The right foot rests on a sheep, and the
left on a woolpack, on which is shownhis merchant's mark. (72).
Beneath are two sons dressed like their father.
The wife has unfortunately lost the upper part of her head,
but seemingly she wears a heart-shaped head-dress, which
ends in three tiers; her ears are not visible. The gown is
long, full, and straight, with a v-shaped opening at the neck,
and terminates below the girdle ; the edges are trimmed with
fur, so also is the bottom of the skirt. The chest is protected
by an underdress, also v-shaped and leaving the neck bare.
The sleeves are long and narrow, reaching to the wrists, where
they terminate in wide cuffs of fur. The gown is confined by
a girdle ornamented with rosettes. The supporters of her feet,
which are concealed by the gowi , are
the same as her husband's exce.pt that
the merchant's mark is not visible
Beneath is a plate representing two
daughters, who are attired in the same
fashion as their mother, with the
following exceptions, their girdles are
loose and fastened at the side, and
their headdresses
belong to the butter-
fly kind. (73)
The merchant's
mark (74) consists of
a cross, from the stem
of which a streamer is
flying, standing on an
W. The figures are
Daughter,
Northleach,
inverted old-fashioned
erect, full face with
ife is on her
Fig. 74. Merchant's
Mark. c. 1485.
Northleach.
hands clas ed in a devotional attitude; the wite is on
husband's left hand, and she is also represented shorter in
stature than her husband. The sons are turned to their left
to face their sisters, who are turned to their right. All the
children are represented erect with their hands folded in
prayer. Above the husband is a scroll inscribed $b'U /II>et*C£t
below the sons is a similar pious ejaculation. Above the wife
the matrix only is left, whilst below the daughters 5'bll
/lDer—is all that is left.
Monumental Brasses. 89
Inscription. — Round the verge are the following verses ; —
►^ a ffarewell' my frendes the tyde abideth no man (1)
I am departed from hense and so shall' ye
But in this (2) passage the best songe that I can
Is requiem eternam now (3) Jhu graunte it me
When I haue ended' all (4) myn aduersite
Graunte me in paradise to haue a (5) mansion
That shed' thy blode fformy redempcion. (6)
The inscription commences over the husband's head, and
at each corner as well as at the middle of the sides were
ornamental plates ; a part of one remains at the upper dexter
corner (6), on it is engraved the symbol of the Apostle St.
John — an eagle ; at the middle of the side near the wife (2) is a
part of a winged ox, the symbol of St. Mark ; whilst at the
lower sinister corner (3) is a shield containing the merchant's
mark described above ; the plates have been torn away from
(i), (4), and (5).
" This inscription occurs with slight variations at Royston,
Herts, and according to Weever, it was at Baldock in the
same county ; at Maldon and Romford, Essex ; and at St.
Martin's, Ludgate, London (Fun. Mon., pp. 545, 610, 649,
387)." — Haines, i. p. clxxxi. note.
Illustration. — Cutts (E.L.) Scenes and Characters of the
Middle Ages, p. 524 (effigy only), p. 526 (merchant's mark.)
Poitions Lost. — The upper half of the wife's head, the scroll
above her, a part of the scroll beneath the daughters, the
ornamental plates at (1), (4), and (5) and parts of (2) and (6),
(see inscription).
Memoir. — As each effigy is represented standing on a sheep
and a woolpack, it is very probable that Haines' supposition
that the brass represented a " woolman and his wife" is correct.
xxxvi.-inortbleacb.
[Tohn Taylour] , wolman, and wife Joan, circa 1490, with
eight sons and seven daughters, Evangelical symbols, marginal
inscription mutilated, Holy Trinity lost, south chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On floor.
Size. — 6ft. gin. x 2ft. 4m.
Description. — John Taylor has hair long enough nearly
to reach his collar and cover his ears. The face is clean shaven
»
and he is represented well advanced in years by the wrinkles
go
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
on his forehead. He wears the ordinary long gown of the period,
but it is destitute of fur edging either at the skirt or sleeves. To
his girdle are fastened a gypciere on his right side, and on his left a
rosary of twelve beads, i.e., five small beads and one large one on
each string, one end terminates in a tassel, and to the other end is
attached a signet ring. The gown covers the ankles so that the
mode of fastening the shoes is not seen — only the wide rounded toes
arevisible. Between his feet is represented a conventional flower.
Joan Taylor wears the butterfly headdress, but it is not so
large as that of Margaret Baynham. Her gown is long and
very low-necked, it has not the V-shaped opening. Below the
gown is her kirtle or stomacher protecting her chest. The
sleeves are narrow with long fur cuffs, and fit tightly at the
wrists. The hip girdle is narrow and hangs loosely.
Beneath John Taylor are eight sons dressed like their
father, and beneath his wife are seven daughters dressed like
their mother. Above the husband and wife and beneath their
children are plates on which are engraved the evangelical
symbols, but they are much mutilated.
In the centre of the bottom of the brass is represented a
sheep, head to left,
standing* on a woolpack)
between its fore and hind
feet is John Taylor's mark
viz., two shepherd's
crooks placed one verti-
cally turned to the le ft
the other crossing it
horizontally turned to
theright, a crook lies in
ts^SBimmmmmmmmmiBk front of the wooipack.
Fig. 75. Sheep on Wooipack. c. 1490. r
Northleach. (75)
Inscription. — Round the verge is the following inscription,
the portion in brackets being supplied from Rudder : —
[Jobn aa£lour] Bo
abousanD CCCC anD
3oonebVB\vvte. . . . Gbe
yexe ot ©[wre TLovb ©oD
BoGb0W6anJ>]G(I(IC
on wbots soulis 3'bbaue
/nycv>. Bmen. (76)u
Fig. 76. End of Inscription, c. 1490. Northleach.
* "Couchant" Rudder's Gloucestershire.
Monumental Brasses.
91
From John's mouth proceeds a label S'ca trinit [as ora pro
nobis] . His wife's label probably bore a similar inscription
but " is " is all that is left.
Illustration. — Cutis (E.L.) Scenes and Characters of the
Middle Ages, p 524 (effigy only) p. 526 (Merchant's Mark.)
Portions Lost. — Representation of the Holy Trinity, most
of the marginal inscription, the symbol over John's head, and
parts of the other three, the left hand lower corner of John's
gown.
Memoir. — The will of a Johane Taylour of Northleach is in
the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 1510, 32 Bennett.
xxxvii — xtormarton.
John Ceysyll, "famulus" of :;:Lord John Sendlow, 1493,
marginal inscription Nave. — Haines.
Position. — On a ledger stone in the centre of the nave.
Size. — 6ft. 2in. X2ft. 3m.
Description. — His hair is worn long, it conceals his ears and
the greater part of his forehead. The face is clean-shaven, and
furrows are represented shewing that he was an old man. He
wears the long tunic customary of the period, this has no
border of fur at the edge of the skirt nor at the neck and
wrists. The sleeves are full and of uniform width. At the
Fig. 77. Feet. 1493. Tormarton.
"It is evident that Mr. Haines strangely enough overlooked the fact that
Dominus " in this case is merely the equivalent of " Sir " and does not mean
Lord." Ed,
92 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
neck is the small standing collar of the underdress of which a
portion of the lacing is shewn. At the wrist the tight-fitting
sleeves of the underdress are to be seen. The line shewing
where the tunic is fastened down the front is very evident.
The waist is confined by a narrow girdle, but the buckle is
not shown. From this girdle hang a gypciere on the right
side, and a rosary on the left side. The rosary has, instead of
a tassel at one end, a ring, probably a signet-ring. The feet
are shod with mis-shapen round-toed shoes with thick soles.
Between the feet and springing from the centre of seven leaves
is a conventional flower of three blossoms displayed somewhat
in the form of a cross. (77)
The figure seems to be spare and the hands are clasped in
the attitude of prayer.
Inscription. — The inscription (78) is round the verge and is
as follows: — Orate (oak- leaf), pro (three leaves springing
from a crown), Anima (cinq-foil), jfohannis (two acorns),
Ceysyll (double triangle), | Quondam (a clover [trefoil] leaf)
famulus (leaf), Reuerendi (Tudor rose, boss), d'ni (leaf), JoWis
(a flowered square), Sendlow (heart), militis (rabbit), qui
(quadruped), quide (oak leaf and acorn), jfohannis (leaves),
Ceysyll (bunch of three cherries), suuni (lily blossom), clausit
(cherry and leaf), extremu (coventional,, in (do), Vigilia (cap)
Sancti (rose) Bartholomei (hare), Aposloli (a pod bursting and
revealing the seeds), Anno (leaves), d'ni (goose?) Mil I' mo \
(a spread eagle), CCCC° (bird flying), lxxxxiii0 (goose preening
her wings), et (goose with neck arched), Anno (crown), Regni
(a rose barbed), Regis (leaf and double square), Henri ci (a
berry between two leaves), septimi (trefoil), nono (bell), Cuius
(stringed instrument resembling a violin, Anime (pair of
bellows), propicietur (apple? ) de ( ? ), Altissimus (leaf), Amen.
In English it may be rendered thus :— -Pray for the soul of
John Ceysyll, formerly servant of the reverend Sir John
Sendlow, Knight, which John Ceysyll ended his last day on the
eve of St. Bartholomew the Apostle, [August 23] , A.D., 1493,
and in the ninth year of the reign of King Henry VII. To
whose soul may the Most High be merciful. Amen."
Illustrations. — None known.
Portions Lost. — None, and the brass is in excellent
condition.
Memoir.— Nothing known of John Ceysyll.
MM
m
l«V3
W«
8
■
Stf*
h*?*
»»
i
Fig. 7 Inscription. M9o. Torrrarton
94 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
xxxviii— Cirencester.
John Benet, 1497 (head gone), and two wives, Agnes and
Agnes. One wife and children gone. Marginal inscription
nearly all lost. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the Lady Chapel.
Size. — All that is left measures 6ft, x ift. 8in.
Description. — " There is also the brass of a man and his
wife, evidently another wife has been there, and childrenf also.
The man wears a gown falling to the feet, the sleeves are large
at the wrist and lined and faced with fur ; from the girdle hang
a rosary on the right, and the gypciere on the left side ; on the
right shoulder rests a cap of a peculiar construction, in high
favour with all classes of persons during the reign of Henry
VI., and very often worn throughout the remainder of the 15th
century ; in form the cap was circular like a turban, and was
made of a roll of cloth, or some rich material from which on
one side a long and broad band or scarf hung down to the
ground unless tucked in the girdle or wound round the neck ;
while to the other side of the cap was attached a kind of loose
hood, which fell negligently, about the head or shoulders. In
this brass the scarf is represented as hanging down in front
of the figure. The wife's figure is clad in a flowing kirtle down
to the feet, with a tightly-fitting bodice, cut low and square on the
breast showing the under tunic round the throat ; the sleeves
have large cuffs of fur, and there is a cincture round the waist ;
she wears the horned head-dress hanging in folds behind the
figure.
Inscription. — Part of the inscription only remains, and reads
thus: — Qui quidem Johannes obijt decimo 110110 die; and in
another part of the chapel are the following words, which
evidently, from the style of lettering, belong to this brass : Mensis
jfulij anno domini millimo cccc° nonages' septimo qiiur' aTabus.
From the mouths of the two figures are scrolls issuing and
bearing the following words : — Man's scroll — S'cta Triiiitas
vnus De' miserere nobis. Woman's — Spiritns s'ti (sic) de'
miserere nobis.
This inscription is also preserved by Bigland I. 357. Orate
pro a'i'abus Johannis Bennett ac Agnetis uxoru' suar', qui
quidem JoWes obiit decimo 110710 die me7isis jfulij, anno
f According to Bigland there were eight children.
Monumental Brasses. 95
d'ni Millimo cccc nonages septimo quorum a'Vbus. From the
other wife a label with Fill redemptor mundi miserere nobis.
The inscription may be thus translated : —
Pray for the souls of John Bennett [Agnes] and Agnes his
wives, which John died on the 19th day of July, A.D. 1497, on
whose souls [may God have mercy. Amen.] The portions in
brackets seemed to be lacking when Rev.
Thos. Carles, M.A., vicar of Cirencester
made a copy of the inscriptions in the
church in 1673.
His merchant's mark (79) resembles a
cross with knops at each end ; and on the
long staff, a St. Andrew's cross with
similar knops. — Rev. W . E. Hadow, M.A.
Both the effigies are erect, full face,
with hands clasped in the attitude of Mar?' CkencesS.8
prayer, the wife being on her husband's i497.
right hand.
The lower portion of the stone has been utilised by
placing upon it a brass plate with the following inscription in
ordinary Roman letters : — •' Here lieth the body of | Tho son
of Tho and | Jane Nicholls, | obiit June 19th, 1752, | aged 32
years.
Illustrations. — None known.
Portions Lost. — Head of husband, lefthand corner of the
wife's gown ; and according to Haines, the wife and a group of
children, the name, effigy, and scroll of the second wife, the
marginal inscription is much mutilated.
Biographical Account. — His will and that of one of his
wives are in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury 1 1 Home, and
7 Moone.
xxxix.— 5ev>enbampton.
A Civilian, c. 1490, lately lost (?) feet, and inscription, perhaps
covered by a step. Chancel. — Haines.
John Camber. 1497.
Position. — On the floor in the Chancel, the feet and
inscription, being covered by a moveable step.
Size — 2ft. 6in. X ift. iin.
Description. — The figure is two feet three and a half inches
in length, and the costume that of a well-to-do yeoman of the
g6 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
time of Henry VII. His hair is full and long covering the
ears, and is cut so as to form a fringe which almost touches the
eyebrows; not a vestige of beard, whisker, or moustache is
visible. He wears a long tunic which reaches below the
ankles, this opens down the front, but here it is closed, and the
mode of fastening is not shown ; at the waist it is confined by a
wide girdle devoid of ornament. The sleeves are ample,
wider at the wrists than at the elbows ; they have broad fur
cuffs, which are returned inside, where the fur forms a narrow
edge. The collar of the tunic is merely a narrow band. At
the neck a quaker-like collar of the underdress is represented ;
this is fastened by means of a lace ; at the wrist the closely-
fitting sleeves of the underdress are seen. From the girdle
depends on his left side a purse, or bag sewn to a metal frame
of a semi-circular shape while from his right side hangs a
rosary of twenty small beads and two larger ones the ends of
the cord are terminated by tassels. Over the right shoulder is
thrown a hood, which usually was of a dark colour. In this
instance it consists of a cap which is shaped somewhat like a
Scotch ' bonnet ' and to it is attached a long streamer or scarf,
which reaches below the knees ; it was sometimes called a
liripipe, and was used for wrapping round the head when
required. The tunic covers the fastening if any of the shoes,
which are pointed, a fashion which was soon superseded by
broad round toes. He is full-faced with hands raised in the
attitude of prayer.
Inscription. — Beneath the figure is a plate of brass on
which is engraved the following inscription : —
Ibic iacet Job es Camber qui obijt vicesinio | Sejto Me meusis
ffebcuartj 21° o'ni m° | CCGGfC vij° cuius a'i'e p'piciet' t>c' amen
Which may be thus translated, '' Here lies John Camber,
who died the 26th Feb A.D., 1497, to whose soul may God be
merciful. Amen.
It is observable that the inscription affords an early
instance of the modern fashion of writing the number
' Ninety ' with the ' X ' to the left of the ' 6" it being far more
common in the fifteenth century to express it thus, LXXXX.
Illustrations. — Sevenhampton Parish Magazine, June 1869,
continuation of Bigland s.v. Sevenhampton. Bristol and
Gloucesierslure Archcsological Society, vol. xiv, p. 343.
Monumental Brasses. 97
The excellence of the material is evident from the fact that
though close upon four hundred years old, the lines and
indentations, the hair, features, fur on cuffs, &c, are as clearly
cut as at the time of its execution ; although, on account of its
position before the altar rails, many generations must have
walked over it.
Portions Lost.— -No portion is lost.
Biographical Account. — The Rev. J. Melland Hall, M.A.,
rector of Harescombe and Pitchcombe, and formerly vicar of
Sevenhampton, very kindly sent me the following account, and
to him I beg to express my indebtedness: — "The Rev.
Herbert Haines, after a visit subsequently to the publication of
his well-known work on Monumental Brasses (an extract from
which will be found at the head of this notice), kindly furnished
some additional particulars concerning the interesting memorial
remaining in the church. As the inscription was supposed to
be lost, the style of the execution was his sole guide as to its
date, and he consequently assigned it to about the year 1490.
He believed that it might probably be the monument of John
Camber, who is said, by Sir Robert Atkyns, to have built the
church (dying in 1497), this, however, can only refer to the
fifteenth century portions : but whether he asserts this on any
authority, or merely as a tradition doth not appear.
As Mr, Haines remarks, while the lower part of the effigy,
and a possible inscription were concealed by the altar step, it
appeared very tantalizing to the wandering and enthusiastic
antiquary to find that, until the obstruction was removed,
uncertainty must hang over the person commemorated. It
was, therefore, most satisfactory when the matter was
investigated and the step removed to find that it was indeed the
memorial of John Camber, and also that the assigned date
was not very far removed from the real one, viz., A.D. 1497.
The inscription, it will be seen, simply records the name
and date of the decease of John Camber; and hardly anything
more is known concerning him, except that his * anniversary
service ' was to be performed on the 26th of February, for
which ' the Parishioners were enfeoffed of a House, with Close,
and Dovehouse, at Prestbury, yearly value, vjs. viijd. — (Valor-
Eccles.) His will is in P.C C. 21, Home and printed in
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries II., 444.
g8 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
It may, however, be mentioned that the name Camber
occurs at Tilbury, Essex, and also in Norfolk early in the
sixteenth century, where, in the parish Church of Hedenham,
a small brass inscription to a John Camber [John Camber,
16th cent., loose, inscription only. Haines Manual ii. 139]
still remains. Whether the subject of this interesting and
well-preserved brass was connected with these families we
know not ; but it is evident that he was a man of considerable
note in his day, and as the probable restorer or rebuilder of the
Tower and other portions of the parish Church of Seven-
hampton, "zealous 0/ good works.
xl.— jfairfort).
John Tame, Esq., 1500, and wife Alice (Twynihow) 1471.
Marginal Inscription, Altar Tomb, Chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On an altar-tomb, lying partly in the Lady
Chapel — Northe Ghappell — and partly in the Chancel.
Size. — 7ft. 8in. X 3ft.
Description. — "This stately memorial of Purbeck marble,
which forms a conspicuous ornament of the chancel, was
raised by his son and successor, Sir Edmond Tame, Knight,
who finished the church after his father's death. This tomb
has a somewhat uncommon character from the circular panels
which ornament its sides. Upon the top are full-length
figures in brass of John Tame and Alice his wife, with their
respective shields of arms separate, and also with the same
arms impaled together. In this effigy it is to be noted that
John Tame is represented, not as a citizen or merchant, but as
an armiger or Esquire, clothed in mail and wearing spurs. It
is also observable that the affirmation attached to his will, a
short time previous to his decease, attested by the names of the
vicar of Fairford, and the vicar of Southrop, styles him ' John
Tame, Squier,' quite in accordance with this fact " — The
Fairford Windows.
This brass is in an unusually fine state of preservation, and
gives a very good illustration of the armour worn at the end of
the fifteenth and the commencement of the sixteenth centuries.
John Tame's hair is so long as to reach to his shoulders ; it
covers his ears and is parted down the middle. The face is
clean shaven. The head is uncovered and the helmet is not
shown. He wears a cuirass having a tapul, i.e., a projecting
Monumental Brasses.
99
edge, in front. To the right side of the cuirass is affixed a
kind of bracket of iron in order to support the lance, whence
its name — lance-rest. (80) His
shouldersare protected by paldrons,
which were still the fashion — but
they resemble each other very
closely both in size and shape ; they
are rounded and have high pro-
jecting edges round the neck, the
left one being a little higher than
the right one ; there is also a
demiplaccate. The coudieres are
of moderate size and plain. The
skirt consists of five taces, slightly
invecked in the centre ; to this
skirt are attached two tuiles in
front, and on the right side is
seen a third, so that probably there was a fourth on his left
side. Mail is shown at the neck, a skirt of the same material
is also seen below the taces, and gussets of mail are at the
armpits, the one under the right shoulder only being visible,
Fig. 80.
Lance Rest.
Fairford.
1500.
Fig. 81. Sabbatons. 1500. Fairford.
and at the insteps. The legs are protected by plate armour,
and the genouillieres have small extra plates both above and
below them, the mode of fastening is shown on the left knee.
The feet are encased in large wide-toed sabbatons, (81) to which
ioo Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
the spurs were most probably screwed. On his right side is a
dagger, and on his left a sword which passes diagonally
behind him.
Alice wears the then fashionable kennel head-dress with
plain lappets. Her gown is long and close-fitting to the body
and arms ; the sleeves fit tightly at the wrists where there are
deep fur cuffs slashed and reflected. The gown is cut low and
square at the neck, thus displaying her kirtle over which a
ribbon apparently crosses ; the kirtle fits close to the neck.
The girdle is long and adorned with scroll work, it passes
through a buckle on her left side and the tongue of the buckle
pierces the belt but as there are no holes made for it, most
probably the belt was made of woollen material and not of
leather.
The figures are erect with the hands joined in an attitude
of prayer, John being turned slightly to his left and Alice much
more to her right, she is on the left of her husband, whose
effigy is larger than hers.
Inscription. — On a fillet of brass at their feet is this
quatrain in English : —
ffor Jbus loue prag for me | 5 mag not prag nowe prag ge
limit b a pater noster ano aue I Gbat mg pagngs IRelessgb
mag be.
which is repeated at the end of the marginal inscription.
Round the moulded edge of the slab is a narrow ribbon of
brass bearing the following words cut in relief, commencing at
the lower left hand corner : —
©rate pro animabus $obts £ame armkjeri et Sltcte urorts
eius qui qutoem $obes obiit octauo Die /iftensis /ifoatj anno o'ni
/IlMllesimo quingentesimo et anno IReqni | IRegis Ibenrici Sept't
sejtobecimo et preoicta aiicia obiit vncestmo oie I jflfcensts
Decembrts anno Domini miU'imo CCCC septuagesimo primo
quorum a't'abus propictetur oe\ fforjbus lou prag tor me j mag
not prag now prag ge | witb a pater noster anbe ave tbat mg
pagnes relessfb mag be.
Which may be thus translated: — "Pray for the souls of
John Tame, Esq., and Alice his wife, which John died on the
8th of May, A.D. 1500, and in the 16th year of King Henry
VII. And the aforesaid Alice died on the 20th December,
A.D. 147 1, on whose souls may God have mercy.
Heraldry. — The following account of the heraldry on the
brass and in the church is taken from that most valuable and
Monumental Brasses.
101
interesting monograph "On the Fairford Windows,'" published
in 1872, by the late Rev. J. G. Joyce, M.A., F.S.A.
" The armorial shield which occupies the centre of the west
parapet of the tower of Fairford Church, exhibits a marked
difference from the heraldry of the other three faces, as the
lateness of its origin is manifest in the character of the charge.
This is such as to suggest that the science of heraldry was
already on the wane when these arms were first assumed.
But this shield on the west parapet fills nevertheless the most
important function of all in the indisputable record it
perpetuates. This is a memorial of the man to whose
munificence Fairford is indebted for its noble church. John
Tame the merchant.
" The charge which is somewhat rudely sculptured in relief
is a wyvern on the dexter side, combating a lion crowned on
the sinister. The same charge is repeated on a shield of quite
a different shape inside the porch, on the corbel of the inner
doorway on the right as one enters the church. It is particu-
larly to be noticed that the one is
not a mere reproduction of the
other ; the two are perfectly
distinct in style.
" There is, however, in Fair-
ford Church a different and a
still later version of the arms of
John Tame. It is that incised on
the brasses which adorned his
tomb. The arms of Tame upon
the tomb (82) vary from those on
the tower and in the porch. The
heraldic charge upon the two
latter as described above, is re-
versed upon the brasses of the
tomb, the beasts having changed places, so that the crowned
lion occupies the dexter side in the brass. There is a second
variation in the circumstances that the wyvern of the stone
shields receives the addition of hind legs, and so becomes a
dragon on the tomb.
"All these, whether in stone or brass, are equally com-
memorative of John Tame's connexion with the church,
because the same arms when used by Sir Edmund his son, who
Fig. 82.
Fairford.
io2 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
completed the building, are invariably differenced by a
crescent." In the paper on the ' The Tames of Fairford'' by
Henry F. Holt, Esq., published in the Archaeological Journal,
1871, is the following : — " In the year following Henry VIII. 's
visit to Fairford [July 1520] , John Tame's tomb was completed
by the addition of the armorial bearings granted to Sir Edmund
Tame, on that occasion, and added thereto were those of the
Twynihoe family, argent, a chevron gules between three
popinjays proper, (83) varying the escutcheons by arranging
the several arms of the Tame and Twymhoe families per
pale." (84)
Fig. S3. Shield. 1500. Fairford.
Fig. 84. Shield. 1500. Fairford.
Illustrations. — Bigland vol. p. 567, Gentleman's Magazine
vol. lvii. pt. ii. p. 345, Cambridge Camden Society Illustrations.
No. IV. p. 115.
Portions Lost. — None.
Biographical Account. — The life of Edmond Tame may be
found in the following works : — Joyce (J. G.) On the Fairford
Windows; Holt (H. F.) The Tames of Fairford;
Cambridge Camden Society, Monumental Brasses.
John Tame married Alice, a daughter of John Twynihoe, a
merchant of Cirencester. The Twynihoe coat may be seen in
the Abbey Church at Cirencester. They had four children,
William, Thomas, Elnore and Edmund.*
Thomas Tame was parson of " Castel Eton." He and his
sister " Dame Elnore " received bequests, to Edmond was
*Of whom an account will appear Vide No. LXII.
Monumental Brasses. 103
bequeathed all the property John Tame held. William's
name is not mentioned in the will so he very probably
predeceased his Father. John Tame's will is in P.C.C.,
3 Moone.
Mr. Holt thus sums up in one paragraph his opinion upon
the tradition respecting John Tame and the Fairford Windows.
"It may here be convenient I should state, as the result of
my researches, that I have satisfied myself — 1st, that John
Tame did not acquire the glass in 1492, or at any other time,
by conquest or piracy ; 2nd, that he did not found Fairford
Church, or dedicate it to the Virgin Mary ; 3rd, that he did
not rebuild the Church; 4th, that he had nothing to do with
the painted glass, and never contemplated its purchase or
erection ; 5th, that the painted glass windows were expressly
made for the Church, and not the Church for the windows;
6th, that John Tame never was Lord of the Manor of Fairford."
xli.— Cirencester.
A civilian, circa 1500, mutilated, head restored, inscription
gone. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the Trinity Chapel.
Description. — The Rev. W. E. Hadowin his account of the
Monumental Brasses at Cirencester rightly terms this a
"nondescript figure," for the head evidently has no relation to
the remaining portion of the figure. The body is clothed in a
furred robe open above and below but closed at the waist by a
girdle. The sleeves are ample and of uniform breadth; at the
wrists the hemmed sleeves of the underdress are visible. The
hands are in the posture of prayer. All that is left of this
brass is the body from the neck to the edge of the skirt.
With this memorial may be classed another nondescript
one, in which the head of a man has been fastened to a
female waist !
xlil— /HMncbinbampton.
A civilian and wife, circa 1500, inscription and other wife
(?) lost. Relaid, perhaps incorrectly, now in the belfrey. —
Haines.
Position. — On the north wall at the west end of the church.
Mr. England records that "in the south cross aisle are two
figures with legends but no inscriptions."
Size , — ift. 6in. X ift. 7m.
104 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Description. — The husband has long hair covering his ears
and cut in a pointed fashion over the forehead, somewhat
resembling the kennel headdress of the wife. Not a vestige of
hair adorns the face. The tunic reaches below the ankles, and
is open at the neck where the wide fur edge is plainly shown ;
the sleeves are very full at the wrists with deep fur cuffs. The
waist is encircled by a plain girdle from which hangs a rosary, of
which only four beads are visible, and a large gypciere.
At the neck is seen the tight-fitting undergarment, having
a little stand-up collar; the tightly-fitting sleeves with narrow
cuffs of the under-dress appear at the wrists. Below the
gown are seen the toes of his wide and misshapen boots or
shoes. Attention has been drawn to the long pointed shoes in
vogue in the XV. century; and now in the XVI. century, the
fashion had gone to the other extreme, and boots and shoes
were "so excessively square-toed that the law, which had
formerly limited the length, was now called on to abridge the
the breadth of these pedal terminations." Planche's
Cyclopcedia of Costume, p. 47, s.v. boot.
The wife wears a pedimental headdress as described in No.
34 and her dress is very similar to that worn by Margaret
Baynham, and described in the same number. It is a long
flowing robe, narrow- waisted, and has tight-fitting sleeves
with deep fur reflexed cuffs. The skirt has a plain edge. A
long, plain girdle loosely encircles the waist, fastened by a
simple buckle, through thispassesthe other endofthe beltwhich
almost reaches the feet and terminates in an ornamental pendant.
Both the figures are erect with hands clasped in prayer ;
the husband is full face and the wife is on her husband's left
hand, but turned a little to her left, so that most probably
there were originally two wives, one on either side of the
husband. When the brasses were re-laid in a fresh stone
perchance the effigy of the wife formerly on the left hand being
lost, the remaining wife was by mistake put on the wrong side,
and made to turn her back to her husband.
Illustrations. — None known.
Portions Lost.— As the brass is not in its original slab, it
would be difficult to say positively what has been lost, but
very likely another wife and the inscription. Mr. F. Stanley,
of Margate has a rubbing shewing a scroll between husband and
wife thus worded :— H>e' mtserat' n'rt & . . , oicat nobis-
Monumental Brasses.
105
XLin.-iRortbleacb.
Robert Serche, 1501, and wife Anne, with three sons and
one daughter. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor.
Size. — 5ft. 2in. X 2ft.
Description.— Robert Serche has long hair covering the
ears ; over the forehead the hair is cut like the fringe of these
days ; the face is beardless. His gown is similar to that worn
by a civilian circa 1500, at Minchinhampton, from the plain
narrow girdle hangs a gypciere but no rosary. The tightly-
fitting under-dress has closely-buttoned sleeves. The shoes
are wide and fastened across the instep.
Anne Serche is dressed very similarly to the wife of the
civilian circa 1500, at Minchinhampton, viz., a kennel head-
dress, tight-fitting gown, and loose hip girdle.
Beneath the father are three sons, with tunics fitting close
to the neck, and covering the ankles, the sleeves are wide
mouthed. They have no girdle.
Beneath the mother is one daughter, she wears a kennel
headdress, but instead of the lappets behind is a long veil
reaching far below her waist. Her dress is of the same fashion
as that of her mother, but it is not so long, and consequently
the wide-toed shoes are visible.
The figures are all erect with hands in a devotional
attitude : the husband being turned a little to his left to face his
wife, who is on his left hand ; while the wife is turned a little
to her right to face her husband. Similarly the sons are
turned a little to their left, and the daughter a little to her
right.
Inscription. — Robert and
Anne Serche stand on a fillet
of brass which bears the follow-
ing inscription : -
"Ipray tor tbe seniles of
IRobt Scrcbe ano Bnne b\?s
\vv?fet wbycb IRobt oeceeseo tbe
U oav> of 3-anever tbe yere of
our XorD /l&Uc ano oon. ©n
wbose sovvlgs Jbu baue mercy
amen."
At each corner of the slab is a scroll (75) on which is engraved
3'bu mercy, XaDy belpe.
Fig. 75. Scroll. 1501, Northleach.
Io6 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
In the middle of the slab above the husband and wife are
these letters on a circular plate (76) : — R. & A., i.e., R(obert)
and A(nne.)
Illustration. — None known.
Portions Lost. — -None, and
the whole brass is in splendid
preservation. This memorial is
mentioned by Rev. H. Haines
in his Manual I, p. eeli, n. as
an instance of a brass consisting
of several pieces and yet remain-
ing perfect, which rarely is the
., case.
Monogram.
Northleach. Memoir. — His will is to be
found P.C.C.Blamyr 6.
XLiv.-©iv>eston.
Morys Denys, Esq , son and heir of Sir Gylbert Denjs,
lord of the manors of Alveston and Irdecote, and his son Sir
Walter Denys, 1505, in tabards, holding a scroll mural. —
Haines.
Position. — On the wall under the east window of the north
aisle.
Size. — 2ft. 6in. x 2ft. 7111.
Description. — Morys Denys (77) and Sir Walter, his son,
are both in armour, similar to that worn by John Tame, but
neither of the two wear spurs. Their armour consists of a
cuirass, paldrons, coudieres, skirt of taces, tuiles, below these
a skirt of mail appears, cuisses, genouillieres, and wide-toed
sabbatons. Most of the armour is concealed by a tabard.
Both the figures are kneeling on an embroidered cushion,
and facing each other, Their hands are uplifted, showing the
inside of the brassarts : the left hand of Morys (77) and the
right hand of Sir Walter are holding a scroll on which is
engraved this inscription :— /IIMSClCnUUi ll't'i miseremtlU
nostri I saltern vos fiij et amid nostri quia | maims
oomini tetigit nos.
From the mouth of Morys proceeds a scroll with these
words : -tDnicus et trinus bone 3bu sis nobis 3 bus.
Monumental Brasses.
107
Similarly from Sir Walter's mouth is a scroll on which is
engraved the following :— $n tttltttate p'feCta Sit llObtS
rcquies et et'na vita.
PHPIIKJ
Fig. 77. Morys Denys. 1505, Olveston.
Inscription. — Below the figures is a plate of brass thus
inscribed : —
1ber lyetb buried in ye intoo' of tbe quere /ifcorys Denys,
lEsqnyer, sonne ano ! beire of Sr (Bylbert Denys, IKnyqbt, loroe
of tbe /Hbanor ofSlvestonanooftbc I /Ifoanerof Jroecote, ano also
Sir TllUalter Denys, iknycibt, sonne ano beire to tbe | selb dfcorys
Denys, JEsquyer, ye wbicbe Sr Salter Denys, oecesseo tbe
first I Day of tbe /ifconetb of Septembre, in tbe uj. yere of tbe
io8 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
reignc of Ikgng Ibenrg the vtj., whose soules 3bu p'oon ante.
2UI ve tbat tbisreoe ano see | of sor cbarite sege.for tbetr soulee
a pater noster aito an ave.
Heraldry. — On the tabard of Morys Denys (77) are the
following armorial bearings: — "Quarterly — 1 . . . abend
engrailed . . . between three leopard's faces, jessant de
fleur delis. DENYS. — 2 . . . on a chief . . . thiee
balls. — 3 Lozengy ... a chevron . . . — 4 . .
a cross moline . . ." — Bigland, s. v., Olveston.
No. 2 above (81) is Argent
on a chief gules, three bezants,
Russell, for Margaret, daugh-
ter of Sir Maurice Russell,
married to Sir Gilbert Denys,
father of Morys Denys here
commemorated.
The same quarterings appear
on a shield under Morys. (78)
Sir Walter's tabard is
charged with similar bearings,
except that — 4 is "... a
chevron .... between
Fig. 78. Shield. 1505, Olveston. three roses . . ." — IHglaild;
and the same shield is repeated beneath him. (79)
Over Morys' head is a shield containing the Denys coat
of arms, and (80) over Sir Walter's head is a shield charged
with the Russel coat of
arms. (81)
Illustration. — In the vol-
ume of the Anastatic Society's
Publications for 1876 is a sketch
of this interesting monument.
Portions Lost. — None.
Memoir. — "A pedigree in
my possession says tha Sirt
Walter Dennys, of Alveston,
Siston, and Dyrham, which
estates respectively came into
hisfamily through the heiress of
Fitzwarine, Corbet, and Russel,
ought on the Lancastrian Fig. 79. Shield. 1505, Olveston.
Monumental Brasses.
109
side, was taken prisoner at Redemore, near Bosworth, and
had to pay a great ransom, ' his life being saved through his
youngest son, John, then in the service of King Henry VII.'
This Sir Walter Dennys married four times, but had no
children by any of his wives excepting the second one, who was
Agnes, the daughter and co-heiress of Sir Robert Danvers, or
Davers, a Justice of the Common Pleas, who died 1467. Sir
Fig. 80. Shield. 1505, Olveston.
Fig. 81. Shield. 1505, Olveston.
Walter died September 1, 1505. His third and youngest son,
John Dennys or Dennis, was settled in the parish of Puckle-
church, and died, I believe, in 1521. This John Dennis had a
grandson, John Dennis of Pucklechurch, who died August 7,
1609." — H. B. Tomkins in Notes and Queries 4th, S. IV. Aug.
28, '69. p. 197.
The will of Sir Walter is to be seen P.C.C. Adeane 9.
xl v.— lecblafce.
John Twinyhoe, merchant, founder of a chantry circa
1476, deceased circa 1510, about four children, inscription, etc.
lost. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the centre of the nave.
Size. — The effigy of the husband measures 3ft. 2in. by gin.
Description.— John Twinyhoe wears long hair but his face
is clean shaven. His tunic reaches to his ankles and is faced
no Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
with fur, a customary garment among the civilians at the end
of the 15th century and commencement of the 16th century.
The large open sleeves hide the girdle which most probably he
wore. The under-garment is seen at the neck, and again at
the wrists, where its sleeves appear to be tightly buttoned.
The feet are encased in the large square-toed shoes of the
period.
The figure is erect and slightly turned to his left with his
hands uplifted in a prayerful attitude.
Illustration. — Bigland's Gloucestershire ii. p. 144.
Portions Lost. — The effigies of his
wife and children, together with the
marginal inscription, two scrolls, and
four plates, on which were most
probably the evangelistical symbols,
have disappeared. The matrix of his
merchant's mark shews that his ' mark'
was ' in the shape of a tau cross com-
bined with a Latin cross. (82)
Biograpliical Account. — In the
Prerogative Court of Canterbury 14
Fig. 82. Merchant's Mark. Logge (1485) occurs the will of John
c 1510, Lechiade. Twinyhoe of Cirencester.
xlvi.— flDincbinbampton.
John Hampton, gent., 1556, and wife Elyn in shrouds,
with 6 sons and 3 daughters (^the eldest dame Alice), engraved
circa 1510. — Haines.
Position. — Rudder, in his History of Gloucestershire, 1799,
records that this monument was on a flat stone in the north
aisle ; but it is now to be found affixed to the north wall at the
west end of the church.
Size. — 4ft. x 2ft. 3in.
Description. — Though the date on this brass is 1556, Mr.
Haines in his Manual says that it was engraved about 1510,
and the date 1556 subsequently added.
This memorial presents a marked contrast to all those
which have been previously described in these columns. On
all the brasses hitherto noticed, the effigies of the persons
Fig. 83. John Hampton.
C 1510, Minchinhampton.
112
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
represented were engraven as they appeared in life, but John
and Elyn Hampton are represented in their shrouds.
The shrouds are tied above and below the figures, which
are recumbent
" In an attitude of prayer,"
but the head of the husband is turned a little to his left (83),
and the head of the wife is turned a little to her right ; the
wife being on her husband's left hand.
On the Continent it was customary to represent the deceased
enshrouded, even as early as the commencement of the 14th
century. An example may be seen at Bruges of the date
1339, and very probably this fashion was introduced from the
Continent into England, where the fashion found much favour.
Below the inscription are two groups of
children, six sons under the father, and
three daughters under the mother. The
eldest son is clothed in the garb of a
monk (84). This is very interesting, as the
brasses of monks are seldom met with. This
is not to be wondered at considering the
vows made by them on entering the Order,
fkkUHWW and especiall} the one ol poverty by which
IzAkMN tn<;>' VV(,|(' bound. This son, whose name is
is not given, wears the tonsure, and closely
cropped hair, a large hood
or cowl, and a long vestment
with long open .sleeves
similar to the surplice-sleeves of that date.
The remaining four sons wear a loose-fitting
gown, without fur facings. The sleeves are
ample and very wide at the wrist Their
hair is long.
The eldest daughter Alice is dressed as a
nun (85). She wears the veil headdress, a
cape over her shoulders, a mantle open in
front revealing her gown with tight sleeves?
and girt by a loose hip girdle, from which
hangs in front a rosary of 14 beads. The
other two daughters were probably young at
the time of the execution of the brass, or had died young, for they
are represented bareheaded with flowing hair, reaching below
Fig. 84.
Eldest Son.
C 1510,
Minchinhampton.
•5llUllSMt>
Fig. 85.
Alice Hampton.
C 1510,
Minchinhampton.
Monumental Brasses.
ii3
the waist. Their gowns fit the body well, with close sleeves.
All the children are erect with hands upraised in prayer, the
sons being turned a little to their left to face the daughters
who are turned to their right ; the eldest son and daughter
being of a larger size than the others.
Inscription. — On a plate of brass beneath the effigies is
this inscription : —
©f \?o cbarite prav? for tbe soulcs of 3-obn Ibampton
gentilman, jElgn bis wgf | all tbeir cbUfcren, specially for
tbe soulc of Dame Blice Ibampton bis Daugb | tci\ wbicbe
was rtcjbt bcncficiall to tbts cburcb, p'isb, wbicbe 3-obn
occesseo I in tbe \?ere of 01 loro m° ccceclvj, on whose soules
ibu bane mercy, amen.
The letters clvj were evidently added at a later period, so
that the brass may have been engraved at an earlier date even
than that assigned by Mr. Haines, perhaps at the end of the
15th century.
Illustration. — Dame Alice will be found in Haines' Manual
i., lxxxvii.
Portions Lost. — None.
Memoir. — Sir R. Atkyns (p. 237) says that John Hampton
was High Sheriff of Gloucestershire in the reign of King
Edward II. Sir R. Bigland (ii., p. 6), quoting Fuller, reports
that "in 1314, King Edward II., John de Hampton was
Sheriff of this county, and was continued for four years."
A Sir William Hampton was sheriff of London in 1462, and
Mayor in 1472. Fosbroke Gloucestershire i., 375, records that
" Amberley is a large tract of common given to poor house-
keepers by the supposed benefaction of Alice Hampton,
daughter of John Hampton," and, according to Bigland, " her
Will or Deed of Gift is said to be preserved among the
Tower Records."
" The monastery of Syon was founded by Henry V. in
1414. It was established according to the modified order of
St. Saviour and St. Bridget. As the monastery had the
manor of Minchinhampton granted it by its founder, it is
most probable that Dame Alice Hampton was a member of
that society." — Haines L, lxxxviii.
xLVii.— cbeltenbam.
[Sir William Greville, of Arle Court, justice of Common
ii4 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Pleas], 1513, and wife [daughter of ?] with 3 sons and
8 daughters. Chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor near the font, it was originally in
the chancel, and in its present position it is liable to much
injury for it is at the bottom of a step.
Size. — 4 ft. 2 in. X 2 ft. 8 in.
Description. — In this county are four " brasses " commem-
orating judges, viz., Sir John Cassy, Deerhurst, 1400 ; Sir
John Juyn. Bristol, St. Mary Redcliffe, 1439 ; Sir William
Greville, and John Brook, St. Mary Redcliffe, 1522. This
brass is so much worn, that it is with great difficulty that the
various lines incised on its surface can be determined. On his
head Sir William wears the coif which became a distinguishing
feature in the costume of a serjeant-at-law. But the Judicature
Act has extinguished that order, and all judges created since
1873 have their white wigs unspotted with that circular
black patch, which was one of the relics of the middle ages.
Following the custom of the times Sir William's hair is
long, reaching to his shoulders. Round his neck is a tippet,
and he wears a long robe with narrow sleeves, and over it a
mantle fastened on the left shoulder. The shoes are large and
round-toed. There seems to be a gypciere, but the brass is
too much worn to distinguish it plainly.
His lady wears the then fashionable pedimental headdress,
a long close-fitting gown, tight sleeves with deeply reflexed
fur cuffs, and a loose hip girdle.
Under Sir William are three sons, in long tunics, with
large bell sleeves. The hair is reaching the shoulders but cut
to form a fringe across the forehead ; the shoes are wide.
Beneath the wife are eight daughters dressed somewhat
similar to their mother ; but the robe is not so long, and thus
it may be noticed that the girls as well as the boys wore
wide-toed shoes.
All the figures are erect, with hands clasped in prayer.
Sir William is turned to his left to look towards his wife who
is turned to her right. In like manner the sons are turned to
their left and the daughters to their right.
Illustrations. — None known.
Portions Lost. —More than half of the marginal inscription.
The whole brass is very much worn.
Monumental Brasses. i r 5
Inscription. — Round the verge are these words: —
" an5 Slavgbter wbtcbc Kiuillam becessfo tbc ij cap I of
/Iftaccbe tbc iiijlh gere of tbe reigne of Iking Ibenrg tbe vtij."
This stone has been utilised at a later date by the addition
of a brass plate (16 in. xn| in.) bearing this inscription : —
" Neare lieth ye Body of Elizabeth
Wife of William French Gent &
daughter of ye Rev. James Ingram
D.D. & formerly Rector of Whittington
in this County she died ye last of his
Fourteen Children on ye 10th of Septr
in ye 65th year of her age, and in ye
year of our Lord 1727.
Also ye body of Margarett the
daughter of ye abovesaid Eliz. French
she died the 15 March 1729 aged 44."
Biographical Account. — "William Greville, son of Richard
Greville, Esq., of Leamington in Gloucestershire, attained the
sergeant's coif in November, 1504. He was made a judge of
the Common Pleas on May 21st, 1509, 1 Hen. VIII., and so
remained till 1513, when he died, and was buried in Cheltenham
Church, where there is a monument to his memory." — Foss,
Judges of England, p. 311.
17 Mar., 1513, Letter to Abp. of Canterbury, Chancellor
— Walter Rowdon to be keeper of the Rolls in the Co. of
Gloucester, vice Wm. Grevile, late justice of the Common
Pleas.
Fosbrooke (II. 374) says that " Arle near Cheltenham
belonged to a family which took their name from that place.
Robert Greville married — daughter and co-heiress of John
Arle (Hart MS. 6174) and sold this estate to his brother
William, a judge of the Common Pleas, 2 Hen. VIII., whose
sole daughter and heiress took it to Sir Richard Lygon.
(Lygon Pedigree in Nash's Worcestershire, &c.) "
His will is in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 12
Fetiplace.
xlviii.— Eisles.
Katherine, wife of Thomas Sewell, 15 15, with five sons
and seven daughters. Nave.— Haines.
ii6 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Position. — On a ledger stone close to the north side of the
Chancel Arch.
Size. — 3 ft. X i ft. 6 in.
Description.— This lady is attired in the usual dress of the
times. She is represented full face, and consequently only the
long front lappets of her kennel headdress are shewn: they
are plain and reach half way down the arms, concealing the
shoulders. As in the preceding examples the gown is tight-
fitting, and cut low at the neck, where is a border of fur.
The sleeves are of uniform breadth, fitting closely to the
wrist ; the cuffs are of fur, slashed underneath, and long
enough to reach nearly to the elbow. At the neck is seen the
kirtle beneath the gown. Beneath the lower fur border of
the skirt of the gown peep the tips of her large round-toed
shoes. The waist is encircled hy a loose hip girdle, long and
fastened in front. The pendant and buckle are made of
ornamental metal work ; and the tongue of the latter passes
behind the embroidered front of the girdle, probably through
loops made in the back to receive it.
Beneath the inscription are two groups of children, five
sons on the left and seven daughters on the right. The sons
have long hair, loose tunics reaching to the ankle and open in
front with wide sleeves. The daughters are represented bare
headed, and the hair of the last reaches far below her waist :
they wear long gowns but high necked. Both the sons and
daughters are wearing the then fashionable round-toed shoes.
The figures are all erect, with hands in a prayerful attitude,
the sons being turned a little to their right, and the daughters
a little to their left.
Inscription. — Beneath the figure is a plate of brass on
which is engraved this inscription : —
fl>ra\? for tbe soule of Ikatervm Sewell late tbe
W.\}t of ftbomas Sewell. wbtcbe ftatergn 5e=
cesseo tbe vitj Dag of January tbe gere of or lord
/Iftv jy>, on whose soule 3-bu baue mercp, ante.
Illustration.— None known.
Portions Lost. — None.
Biographical Account. — According to Rudder, she lived at
Ferrie's Court, near Upper Lypiatt.
In the P.C.C. 23 Spert is the will of Thomas Sewell of
Strode, dated 1543.
Monumental Brasses,.
117
xlix. jEastinoton.
Elizabeth [daughter of Sir William] Knevet [1518] in
heraldic mantle, marginal inscription mutilated ; chancel.- —
Haines.
Position. — On a ledger stone in front of the altar rails.
Size. — 4 ft. 8 in. x 1 ft. 8 in.
Description. — Elizabeth Knevet wears the pedimental head
dress with the front lappets embroidered with quatrefoils.
It may have been noticed that knights and squires occasion-
ally displayed their armorial bearings on the tabard which
they wore over their armour, e.g., Alorys Denys and his son
Sir Walter, wear tabards. Ladies, too, wore arms on their
dresses, and more especially on the mantle.
This mantle is fastened by a cord which passes through
the loops at the back of the fermailes, and hangs down in
front, the two ends terminating in tassels. Not much is to be
seen of the underdress, the cuffs and collar are made of fur.
The shoes are large and round-toed (87).
Heraldry. — The brass of Elizabeth Knevet (now being
described) is quoted by Mr. Haines [Manual, i., p. cxiii.) as
" a good example of a lady in an heraldic mantle." It bears
the following arms — " Quarterly 1, Argent, a Bend Sable,
within a Bordure engrailed Azure, Knevet. 2, Argent, a
Bend Azure, and chief Gules, Cromwell. 3, Chequy Or and
Gules, a chief Ermine, Tatshall. 4, Chequy Or and Gules,
a Bend Ermine, De Cailly or Clifton. 5, Paly or six within
a Bordure bezante .... 6, Bendy of six, a Canton. .
." — Bigland's Gloucestershire, p. 539.
At each corner is a coat of arms ;
Nos. 1 and 4 (86) are on ordinary
shields, 2 and 3 on lozenges. Nos.
1 and 3 (86) are charged with the
same bearings as are on her mantle.
No. 2 on a lozenge quarterly.
1, Knevet. 2, Cromwell. 3, Tatshall.
4, Cailli. 5, De Woodstock. 6, Paly
of six within a bordure. 7, Bendy
of six, a canton. 8, or a chevron
gules, Stafford. o, Azure, a Bend
Fig. 86 Shield 1518. & . ' , , JJ . yr ' . '
Eastiington. cotised between six Lioncels rampant,
87, FlizaWh Knevet.
15 18, Easiingion.
Monumental Brasses.
ng
or De liohun. No. 4 similar to No. 1, with the omission of
2 and 3.
Inscription. — Round the verge was the following inscription,
the portion now missing, in brackets, being supplied from
Bigland : —
1bcre l\?etb I Elisabeth IRncvet, baugb[ter of Sir lUill
fmevet] ftnfgbt wbicbe Elisabeth oeccsseo the first bag ot
•jRovcmbrc in 1 [tbe pere of our Xoro (?oo /Ifo.S). anb rvtii On
wbose soule Jeeu bave /lberc\2. amen.]
Illustration. — Haines' Manual, i., p. cxiii.
Fig. 88. Shield.
1518. Eastington.
Fig. 89. Shield.
1518, Eastington.
Portions Lost. — Part of the inscription.
Memoir. — " She was the daughter of Sir William Knevet,
Knight, of Buchenham Castle, in the county of Norfolk, by
Joan, his second wife, sister of Edward, Duke of Buckingham,
commonly styled Lady Beaumont." — Blomefield's Norfolk.
vol. i.,p. 257.
The will of Sir William Knevet is in the P.C.C. F 18
Holder.
l.— Gloucester. St. fllMcbael.
William Henshawe, bell-founder [5 times] mayor [1503-
1520] and wives Alys 1519, and Agnes, male effigy and about
three sons and three daughters lost. Nave. — Haines.
Position. — Originally on a ledger stone in the Nave, but
now affixed to the west Wall of the south aisle.
120 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Size. — 2 ft. ii in. x 2 ft. 6 in. There is now only 6 in.
space between the wives ; but before the memorial was
moved from the floor there was a space of 14 in. between
them.
Description.— Rev. W. C. Lukis, M.A.,F.S.A., in his very
interesting paper on The Bell-Foundry at Gloucester, which
appeared in " The Journal of the British Archaeological
Association," 1871, gives the following particulars : —
" It is remarkable how little information of a positive kind
has come down to us respecting bell-founders prior to the
reign of Henry VIII. We have to feel our way in the dark
in the pursuit of faint glimmerings of facts, and frequently
meet with disappointment where we hoped to be satisfied.
We should like to gaze upon a mediaeval bell founder of the
West of England, to study his physiognomy and to notice
any peculiarity in his dress ; and in Gloucester we meet with
disappointment. In St. Michael's Church William Henshaw
was buried, and a sepulchral brass records the decease of his
first wife Alice. The brass was laid down in the husband's
lifetime and a space was left for the date of his own decease.
The figures of the two wives remain, but that of the founder
exists no longer.
" Fortunately we have examples at Norwich of brass
effigies of two bell-founders named Brasyer, of the exact date
of William Henshawe, and from these we may obtain a notion
of his figure. There is nothing to distinguish the bell-founder
from civilians of the period. He is habited in long furred
robe, and wears very broad-toed shoes. He is represented
with his hands raised in prayer ; and from his girdle hangs a
rosary on the left side, and a gypciere or pouch on the right.
His hair is flowing to his shoulders, parted in the middle, and
cut square over the eyebrows. In the North of England is
another example of a bell-founder's portrait, viz., in the
curious and most interesting 'bell window' in the north aisle
of York Minster. This window is of three lights, and in the
lower compartment of the centre one is a representation of
Richard Tunnock, bell-founder, on his knees, making an
offering of the window to the Archbishop of York, who is
seated in front of him. A label bears the founder's name, and
his craft is designated by a bell upon his pouch, and he carries
a bell in his right hand.
Monumental Brasses. 121
" As a set off to the disappointment alluded to, I am able
to say that through the civility of Mr. Ferry, of Eastgate
street, I saw, about ten years ago, a portion of William
Henshawe's house, in which, if it still exist, there is a large
room with a panelled ceiling of the 15th century, and also his
coat of arms in a window of the same room. I expected to
meet with a disappointment at that period, for I was told not
to put any faith in Counsell's statement (see his History of
Gloucester) that the bell-founder's arms are still preserved in
two windows there. One shield, however, remains in a
window as stated above, and the other I found in a dark
cellar, somewhat mutilated, but in sufficiently good preser-
vation to show what it was, viz., azure on a chevron between
three lozenges argent, the same number of bells sable, and
above them a laver pot.* It is probable that the shield
remaining in the window is a model of the original one which
I found in the cellar, and that the remnant is one of the two
alluded to by Counsell. At a comparatively recent period the
shield seems to have been repaired, and the tincture of the
field, perhaps, changed from gules to azure, gules being the
tincture given by Burke as belonging to Henshawe's arms."
Though the effigy of the husband has disappeared, yet the
effigies of his two wives still remain. They are dressed very
similarly with the exception of the belt. They wear the
kennel headdress : — then it was the custom to hide as far as
practicable all the hair on a woman's head, not even a stray
curl was allowed to betray the natural wealth, so that brown
locks and golden were equally out of fashion, artificial adorn-
ments were in vogue, not to aid the natural ones, but even to
conceal them altogether. The lappets of their headdresses
are richly embroidered with a diaper pattern and are long.
A close-fitting gown with a high bodice and tight sleeves
encases each, and falls in folds from the waist to the ground.
Its lower edge is adorned with fur, and the cuffs are also
purfled with the same. Beneath the gown emerge just the
tips of their wide square-toed shoes. A broad embroidered
band hangs loosely round the hips of each. On the lady to
the left it is short and terminates in three rosettes, from
* Mr. Lukis says in a foot-note that he " had these shields releaded, and
returned them to Mr. Ferry and I trust," he adds, "that they have been treated
with proper respect."
122 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
which hangs a short chain to which is fastened an ornament.
On the lady to the right the girdle is long, the tongue passes
behind the front of the buckle and reaches nearly to the
feet and finishes in a long pendant. The ladies are both erect
and looking towards each other with hands in ihe supplicating
attitude so usual.
Inscription.— On the plate of brass beneath them is the
following legend :
fl>ra£ for tbesoull of Will' m Ibensbawe JSelfounoer, ano late
matte of tbts Sowne, ano Hl^s I ano Bgnes bis wgfes, tbe wbtcbe
Tldiirm oecesseO tbe oag of in tbe gee | of our loro (5oo a
thousand CCCCC 8, tbe seto Blss oecesseo tbe seconoe oa£ of
1 ffebruarg, tbe gere of or loro ml vc iij for wbose soulee of
gor cbartte sag a pater nost' 8. a ave.
Illustrations. — I know of none.
Portions Lost. — The effigies of husband and children. The
Rev. H. Haines. M.A. (Manual i. exxx.) records that " the
device of a bell and melting pot on three legs " was on this
brass.
Memoir. — William Henshawe was a bell-founder, but in
Church Bells of Gloucestersiiire, by Rev. H. T. Ellacombe,
M.A., there is no mention of any bells cast by him. Henshawe
was Sheriff of Gloucester in 1496 and 1501, and Mayor in 1503,
1508, and 1509.
The Rev. VV. C. Lukis is of an opinion that the fifth and
sixth bells in the cathedral, and the curfew bell of St. Nicholas
Churcii were cast by him.
In the Letters of Henry VIII. vol. i, p. 191, the recognisance
of William Henshawe of Gloucester, bell-founder to appear
before the Council is cancelled, 25 Oct., 1510.
Li.— /iDtncbinbampton.
Edward Halyday, 1519, and wife Margery, with merchant's
mark. — Haines.
Position. — On the north wall in the tower.
Size. — 3 ft. 9 in. x 1 ft. 8 in. Husband, 3 ft. high. Wife,
2 ft. 6 in. high.
Description. — Edward Halyday has long clubbed hair
covering the ears with a fringe, and he is clean shaven. His
outer garment consists of a long loose gown reaching to his
ankles ; it is thrown open both above and below the waist,
Monumental Brasses. 123
exposing to view the fur lining. The sleeves of the gown are
loose, and hanging round the cuffs is a broad band of fur.
Beneath this gown the underdress is seen fitting closely to the
neck, and the tight-fitting sleeves of the same are to be seen at
the wrists. He wears broad toed shoes which are fastened
across the instep. Margery Halyday is represented in the then
fashionable kennel or pedimental headdress, the left hand front
lappet is the only one shown and this is embroidered. She
wears a tight-fitting dress, with a narrow collar, the lower
portion is so arranged in folds as to show the toes of her round
shoes. The sleeves have large reflex cuffs lined with fur.
The broad loose hip-girdle instead of being buckled, terminates
in three rosettes, from these hangs a metal chain to which is
fastened a metal pendant.
The figures are disproportionate in size, the effigy of the
wife hardly reaching to her husband's shoulder. They are
both erect, with hands together in supplication. Edward
Halyday is full face, whilst Margery is turned to her right so
as to look towards her husband.
The merchant's mark (90) is engraved
on a disk, and consists of a double cross on
a globe with E. H. on the sides.
When the brass was relaid this disk was
turned upside down. Probably at the same
time the scrolls proceeding from the mouths
of both of the figures disappeared. When ,, Flg-?°- ,
0 rr Merchant s Mark.
Mr. J. D. T. Niblett rubbed this brass in 1519
1868 the labels had not then disappeared, MinchinhamPton.
and he very kindly told me that on the man's were these
words :—Misere met de scdm magna mcordia tua. On his wife's
were: — Illuiet vultu suu sup' nos &> mis'eatr ji'ri., i.e., Let his
countenance lighten upon us and pity us.
Inscription. — Beneath the figures is a brass plate on which
is engraved the following two-line inscription : —
©ff gor cbarite prag for tbe soule of Eowaro Ifoaleoage ano
/Iftargen? |
bis wgf wbicb JEowaroe oecessto tbe v>j oag of Bprtll B° oni
Illustrations. — None known.
Portions Lost. — The scrolls mentioned above.
Memoir. — The wills of both Edward and Margery Halyday
124
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
are in the P.C.C., the former being 20 Ayloffe (1519) and the
latter 32 Fetiplace (1514.)
li i.— Deerburst.
A lady circa 1520, not recorded by Rev. H. Haines.
Position. — On the floor at the east end of the North Aisle.
Size. — 2 ft. 5 in. x 8 in.
Description. — She is wearing the kennel, pedimental or
diamond shaped headdress, in all its wonted stiffness and
angularity ; the lappets are adorned with a check pattern. The
body is clothed in the tight-fitting dress of the
period fastened in front, at the fastening from
the waist upward is a narrow edge of fur, which
is continued round the neck. The sleeves are
tight-fitting, with deep reflex cuffs lined with
fur. At the neck is seen the plaited top of her
underdress. Round the hips hangs a broad
loose girdle fastened by two rosettes in front
from them depends a long chain at the end
of which is a pomander (91). The figure is
full-faced with hands in prayer.
Illustrations.— None known.
Portions Lost. — All that remains is a three-quarter length
of a female figure ; of what the original memorial consisted is
unknown. This portion was found during the restoration of
the church by the rector, Rev. G. Butterworth, M.A.
Fig. 91.
Pendant, c 1520
Deerhurst.
li 1 1.— Dowfceswell.
A priest circa 1520, in cope with two evangelistic symbols,
inscription lost, relaid.— Haines.
Position. — On a ledger stone in the chancel.
Size. — 3 ft. 8 in. x 1 ft. 7 in.
Description. — His hair is long, covering the ears and
clubbed, it is cut straight across the forehead, and the tonsure,
though slight, is clearly shown. The phest is habited in
processional vestments, viz., a long flowing cassock reaching to
the ground and entirely concealing the feet, a full plaited
surplice rather shorter with immense sleeves, around the neck
the almuce, and over all a cope fastened across the breast by
a square morse (92).
Monumental Brasses. 125
The cope is very slightly longer than the surplice and is
richly diapered with fleur de lys in lozenges ; the orphrey is
adorned with a zigzag pattern. Rudder in his History says
" the figure is not represented in the dress of an ecclesiastic,
but in a robe semee with mullets and fleur de lis, which
denote him to be of the family of Rogers ; " whilst Bigland
asserts that the " robe is diapered with roses and fleur de lis
inserted in the interstices, but no mullets as
has been said." He adds that " the ingenious
Mr. Gough [Sepulchral Mon. p. 157] asserts
it to be the exact counterpart of Robert
Eglesfield.* founder of Queen's College,
Oxford, only smaller, who died in xiv. century." " .,
' J ' _ * Fig 92 Morse.
The morse (92) or brooch is engraved with c 1520.
a rose en soleil. Beneath the sleeves of the Dowdeswell.
cassock are visible at the wrists the tightly fitting sleeves of
an under vestment, fastened underneath.
The priest is full face with hands in prayer.
Below are two panels with a margin of quatrefoils contain-
ing the evangelistic symbols i of St. Matthew and St. Luke.
Illustration. — None.
Portions Lost. — Inscription and the two symbols of
St. Mark and St. John.
Memoir. — Atkyns calls it "an effigies, in brass of an abbot
of Hayles," which is denied by Rudder, who, as may be seen
above, thinks it belongs to a civilian of the Rogers family.
The late Rev. T. P. Wadley, very kindly sent me the
following notes with respect to this brass.
A subsidy roll in the Bishop's Registry at Worcester, dated
1513, gives under Dowdeswell : —
" Sir William Woodxvarde, rector (taxed) xxs.
Sir Gervaze Can'ton chaplain vjs. viijd.
Canton-Canerton ? or Caverton ? "
In the library at Lambeth Mr. Wadley found in
Archbishop Morton's register, folio 12, that Sir John Choo is
mentioned as rector of the church or curate of the chapel of
Dowdeswell in the year 1487, so that this brass may com-
memorate one of the foregoing priests.
* This is an error of Gough's. The figure at Queen's College represents
Dr. Uobert Langton. c. 1518.
f Vide No. XI, Quinton.
126 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
liv.— ikempsforfc.
Walter Hichman, 1521, and wife Cristyan, with four sons,
Thomas, John (both lost), Robert, John. Marginal inscription,
Chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On a ledger stone on the south side of the
Communion Table.
Size. — J ft. 11 in. x 3 ft. 3 in.
Description. — Walter Hichman wears his hair long, and so
cut as if to form a square border for the face. In accordance
with the custom of that century he is clean shaven.
The outer garment consists of a long gown lined with fur:
thrown open across the shoulders and also open down the front,
the sleeves are long and wide, turned back at the wrists
where the fur lining is shown. The gown is loose and
unconfined by a girdle. The underdress has embroidered
collar and sleeves ; the skirt reaches nearly to the knees, and a
narrow band keeps it in place at the waist ; the rest is hidden
by the gown. Tight-fitting stockings encase the legs, and low
shoes with wide toes complete his attire. The figure is bare-
headed, erect, and slightly inclined to his left to look towards
his wife.
Cristyan Hichman wears the widow's cap, over which is
thrown the veil headdress, so that very probably she survived
her husband. Her dress is tight-fitting
with a narrow collar. It is long but so
arranged as to show the tips of her wide-
toed shoes. She has a hip girdle fastened
in front by three rosettes, from which no
pendant hangs, as was usually the custom.
Like her husband she is erect with hands
upraised in prayer. Beneath were the
effigies of four sons, but two have dis-
appeared ; the remaining two are dressed
similar to their father, but without the
fur lining to the gown.
Merchant s.Mark. Above the representations of husband
1521. Kempsiord. and wife is a plate containing the mer-
chant's mark (93) : — a double tau cross on a triangle.
At each corner of the marginal inscription is a circular disk
on which is engraved an evangelistic symbol.
Monumental Brasses. 127
Inscription. —
(A winged eatfe) off goitre cbaritc prag for tbc soule of Walt, I
(an angel) ibicbmaii bere burgD wbtcb oecessto tbe uvijtb
oav> of September, tbe jiijtb v>ere of tbe return of 1K\2ng Ibenrg
tbe viijtb anno 5ni— (winged ox) /ifttllmo CCCCCo £il°«£ for tbe
soule of Cristgan -(winged Hon) bis wpffe wbicb bao to geoo'
ittj sonnes vis., Sbom's, 3obn, IRobert ano 5obn, on wbots
soules & all pen* I soul ibu bave niercv?.— Bmen.
Illustration . — None.
Portions Lost. — The two effigies of the children under the
husband, and his left toe ; otherwise the brass is in splendid
preservation.
Memoir. — His will is to be seen in the P.C.C. 20
Maynwaring.
lv.— Bristol. St. fll>ar£ IReocliff.
John Brook, sergeant-at-law and justice of assize in the
West of England for Henry VIII., also chief steward of the
Monastery of Glastonbury, 1522, and wife Joan, daughter and
heiress of Richard Amerike. Chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On ledger stone in chancel.
Size. — 3 ft. 6 in X 2 ft. 9 in.
Description. — His head is wholly covered by a cap or coif,
which seems to be fastened beneath the chin. His hair is long
and flowing, and is seen on his shoulders escaping from
beneath the coif, and again it appears as a narrow fringe over
the forehead. The face is clean shaven, and he is represented
as an old man by the wrinkles shown. He wears his official
robes as a sergeant-at-law, which were very similar to the
judicial costume of the period ; though sergeants-at-law were
not allowed to wear the mantle or minever. Across his
shoulders is a tippet, and over it a hood, from which depended
two labels behind. His outer gown reaches below the
knees, and is much plaited ; the sleeves of it are very deep, but
there is no fur lining shown. At the wrists are the closely
buttoned sleeves of his underdress, the skirt of which comes
below his gown and reaches his ankles. The feet are shod
with the then fashionable round-toed shoes.
The dress of his wife is in the fashion which prevailed at
the period ot her death. She wears the kennel headdress, the
"Christian.
£28 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
front lappets being embroidered. The tight-fitting gown sits
close up to the neck, with a turn-down pointed collar : the fur
cuffs are pointed and long, reaching to the elbows. The gown is
arranged in folds over her feet, so as to show the toes of her
wide shoes. Round her hips hangs loosely an embroidered girdle,
the fastening in front is concealed by two rosettes; from these
depends a chain, to which is attached a metal pomander. Both
husband and wife are erect with hands joined' in prayer, the
husband being slightly turned to his left looking towards his
wife, who is doing the same.
Inscription. — The figures stand on a plate of brass bearing
this inscription: —
1bic iacct Corpus Wenerabilis vfri Job'ts JSroofc quondam
seuient' ad legem ^llustrisstmt | principle fellcis memorie
IRegis ibenrici ©ctaui et Jnsticiam euisdem iRegis ad
assteas in | p'tfbs occidentals anglte ac Capitalis Senescalli
illius bonorrabilis domus ct monas I tarij jBeatc flSarie de
©lasconiain Com' Som'cett qui quidemjobes obijt jjv° die /iben
I sis Dccembris anno d'ni milfesimo quingentesimo jjij0 et
iujta cum IRequiescit Sobanna | ujor etus una filtaru et beredu
IRicbardi SmeriRC quo3 aiabj p'ptctetur deus. amen.
It may be rendered into English thus : —
" Here lies the body of that venerable man John Brook,
sergeant-at-law of that most illustrious prince of happy memory
King Henry VIII., and Justice of Assize for the same King in
the western parts of England, and Chief Steward of the
honorable house and monastery of the Blessed Mary of
Glastonbury, in the County of Somerset, which John died on
the 25th day of the month of December, in the year of our Lord
one thousand five hundred and twenty-two. And near him
rests Johanna his wife, one of the daughters and heirs of
Richard Amerike, on whose souls may God have mercy. Amen.'
Heraldry. — The arms are stated by Barrett to be " gules,
on a chevron wavy argent three fleur-de-lis."
Illustrations. — None.
Portions Lost. — Seemingly none, and the brass is in excellent
condition; yet Mr. Justin Simpson says that there was "at
the lower dexter corner— Baron and femme the first of two
coats per pale, Cobham of Cobham, a crescent for difference,
and the second gules on a chevron argent a lion rampant sable
crowned or, armed and langued of the first Brook impaling
quarterly, Cobham, second and third argent seven mascles
conjoined 3, 3 and 1 gules Braybrook. fourth Brook."
Monumental Brasses.
129
Memoir. — The inscription gives a short account of John
Brook, whose son David was a judge ; David was born at
Glastonbury, so that very probably John had settled there. In
1500 John Brook's father lived at Canynge House in Redclilf
street, Bristol.
lvl— iRewent (also (&ueo3ele$ ano Ifoempsteao.)
Roger Porter, Esq., 1523, small, South Chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On a ledger stone of Purbeck marble at the east
end of the south chancel.
Size. — The height of the figure is 17-^ inches.
Description. — Roger Porter is represented bare headed with
long hair and in the armour of the period. His face is clean
shaven. His armour consists almost wholly of plate, though
mail is shown at the armpits and insteps, in addition he wears
a skirt of mail below his tuiles. A steel gorget encircles his
throat, while over each shoulder the upper edges of the
paldrons are curved outwards in such a degree as to prevent
the head from being struck off by a sweeping horizontal blow.
The breast-plate has atapul, and to it is fastened a short skirt
of taces to which are buckled four ornamental tuiles, three of
which are shown. The arms are encased in plate with large
coudieres, but the hands are left bare. The cuisses and
jambarts are plain but the genouilieres are large. In the heels
of his broad-toed steel sabbatons are screwed his rowelled
spurs ; straight by his left side hangs his sword whilst a dagger
is fixed to his right side.
The figure is erect slightly turned to his left and with hands
raised in prayer.
Inscription. — Beneath his feet is a
long narrow plate of brass bearing these
words : —
©f sour cbaritv? pras for tbe soull of
IRoger i>orter Bsquser \vb I £cb iRoger
oiseasEO itbe i*v> oa^ of Bpriell tbe gere
of our loro I ©00 /ifoDcjsiii on wbosc soull
ibu bave meres, amen.
Heraldry. — At the four corners of
the stone were four shields, those on
his left have disappeared, the ones on
his right (94) are thus charged : —
" Quarterly 1st and 4th, Gules five merlions in saltire
Shield.
New en t.
130 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
argent, Porter. 2nd and 3rd, Argent three bars sable all
over all as many ropes coiled, or, Albany."
The late Mr. J. D. T. Niblett. F.S.A.. of Haresfield Court
furnished the above particulars of the Porter coat of arms.
Illustrations. — None.
Portions Lost. — Two shields.
Memoir. — Roger Porter was one of the Commissioners for
Gaol Delivery at Gloucester Castle, 29 Oct., 1511. His will
is in P.C.C. 7 Bodfelde.
QUEDGELEY.
This memorial consists of a shield with an inscription
beneath in black letter.
Inscription. — The inscription beneath the shield is :
mere tbfs place Igetb bun?eo ge bodies of tfreoeswio porter
S. Man? porter oougbters to Brtbur porter JEsquper ano Bigs
bis IWgffe Bno /ifollDcnrrjj on wbose soules ano all crtsten 3bu
bav>e meres ante |
Heraldry. — The shield (95)
is Porter impaling Arnold :
1. Porter Gules, five mer-
lions wings in saltire Argent.
2. Hayward, Argent three
helmets close Sable. 3. Albany,
Argent three bars Sable over
all as many ropes coiled Or.
4. Porter, as before. 1.
Arnold, Gules a chevron
Ermine between three pheons
Or. 2. Madoc-ap-Ryn, Gules,
a chevron between three hawks
lures Argent. 3. Madoc-ap-Ryn,
Fig. 95. Shield.
i532 Quedgeley.
as before. 4 Arnold, as before.
HEMPSTEAD.
A similar shield on the memorial to Nicholas Porter ; the
legend being :
1Rere tbfs place l^etb burgee tbe booses et IRicbolas porter,
1bcnr\?, IRoger, and mtcbolas, junr. CcciUg and JBriociio sonns
ano oaugbters to Brtbur porter, JEsqugr ano BI\?s bis wife B2>.
/nMUcjlit] on wbose soules 3bu bave m'q?.
The Porters attended the Visitations of Gloucestershire in
1583 and 1623.
Monumental Brasses. 131
lvil— Beerburst.
Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Bruges, Esq., of Coverle',
and wife of William Cassey, of Whyghtfylde, and then of
Walter Rowdon, Esq., 1525, inscription lost. North aisle. —
Haines.
Position. — On the floor at the east end of the north aisle.
Size. — The height of the figure is 2 ft. 11 in.
Description. — This brass affords a good illustration of the
changes (though slight) which were made in ladies' attire
about the year 1525. The front angular lappets of the formal
kennel headdress still remain, in this example they are much
shorter than the last ones described, and they are adorned
with a diamond pattern. The hair appears to have been kept
in place by a roll or caul which was also " penthouse ' shaped
and a narrow frill was worn down each side of the face. She
wears a necklet fastened in front and from which hangs a
square pendant. Her gown is cut at the neck, the sleeves are
wide at the wrist, and very probably stiffened to keep them in
the constrained position shown. Beneath are close-fitting
sleeves striped longitudinally, and often richly embroidered,
while graceful frills encircle the wrist. Mr. Haines remarks
that " it is perhaps uncertain whether these sleeves were
added to the partlet, or to an undergarment termed a
waistcoat." The skirts are long enough to conceal her feet.
A highly adorned girdle, fitting more tightly than the last
examples, keeps the gown in place ; the fastening consists of a
single rosette from which dangles a long chain with a pomander
at the end.
" A bob of gold
Which a pomander ball does hold
This to her side she does attach
By a gold crochet of French pennache."
Mundus Muliebris.
The pomanders were used for containing scent or
preservation against infection and even a metal ball for warming
the hands. In a church in Normandy is still shown the
"pomander " which was used by the priest officiating in the
early morning in winter to keep his hands warm. It consisted
of a hollow sphere of perforated metal work in which a heated
iron or even brick ball was inserted. In the volumes of the
132 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
A rchceological Joui nal there occur several notices of pomanders,
e.g. , vol. vii., p. 98, xi., pp. 79, 80, &c, and they are often to
be seen in collections of archaeological objects.
She is represented erect, full-face, with hands upraised in
prayer.
Inscription. — This is preserved by Bigland : —
Here lyethe Elyzabeth Rowdon, sumtyme Wyffe to WylVm Cassey,
of Whyghtfylde, Esquyer, after the Dethe if the sayde Wyll'm was
married to Walter Rowden, Esquyer which Elyzabethe dyed the xxvi
Day of Januarie, Anno D'ni MDXXV for whose Sowle of your Charite
say a Pater Noster.
Heraldry. — In Bigland's time the brass was more perfect,
and he records (History of Gloucestershire, vol. I. p. 465) that
there were " four corner escutcheons, one only remaining : —
Quarterly 1 and 4 Argent a cross Sable, charged with
leopard's face in the centre Or. Bruges. 2 De Chandos.
3 Berkeley of Coberley."
The De Chandos coat was " Or, a pile, Gules," and the
Berkeleys of Coberley bore " Argent, a fess between
martlets Sable."
Illustrations. — None.
Portions Lost. — Of the complete composition, only the
figure remains.
Memoir. — "William Cassey was son of John and Elizabeth
Cassey. He was of Cassey Compton, Wightfield and Stratton,
and died 1517; he was succeeded by his son Robert, who
married Elizabeth Poole and died 1547." Deerhurst, by G.
Butttrworth. Rev. W. Bazeley's paper on the Cassey Family in
Trans, of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological
Society vol. xi, pp. 2-5 (1886-7), gives the date of William's
death as 1509, leaving Leonard, son and heir, aged three and
a half years.
In 1514 pardon was granted to Henry Kemys and Elizabeth,
formerly the wife of William Cassy, deceased, for marrying
without the king's licence. In P.C.C. is the will of " Walter
Rouudon, gent., monast. of St. Peter, Gloucester" (1514)
1 Hodder.
lviii.— JBerfeeleg.
[William Freme, feodary of the Berkeley estates under
Henry VII., and escheator of the Hundred of Berkeley, 1526,]
Monumental Brasses.
133
head and feet gone, marginal inscription mutilated, now South
Aisle. — Haines.
Position. — On a ledger-stone now in the chancel on the
South side of the Communion Table.
Size.— 6 ft. 7 in. x 2 ft, 6£ in.
Description. — This brass affords a very pleasing illustration
of the costume of a well-to-do yeoman of the reign of
Henry VIII.
Following the prevailing fashion William Freme is clean
shaven, whilst his hair is long and clubbed.
His outer garment is a long tunic or gov/n lined and faced
with fur, open down the front and reaching to his ankles.
Over his shoulders he wears a fur cape, which Mr. Haines
says " is very rarely seen on brasses."* The sleeves are ample
and have fur cuffs. Beneath the tunic is shown the waistband
of his doublet, and the tight-fitting sleeves of the same appear
at the wrists.
On his breast he holds
a heart (96) inscribed with
" /HVcp." Hearts are usu-
ally found on Pre- Reforma-
tion Brasses, and it is said
" that such memorials indi-
cate the deceased was enabled
to perform a vow which he
had made ; but more probably
they have different meanings, !
according to the inscriptions
attached to them ; and are
generally intended to indicate
sincere trust in the promises
of God." t In Boutell's
Christian Monuments there
is more than one instance
of " Heart-memorials " pourtrayed.
Inscription. — Around the margin of the stone was a fillet
of brass bearing an inscription. Unfortunately most of it has
disappeared, but the words in brackets have been supplied from
Rudder's Gloucestershire, who with Bigland gives the
'" Monumental Brasses, I. p. cexxxix.
t Monumental Brasses, vol. I., p. cvi
Heart.
Fig. 96.
1526. Berkeley.
134 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
inscription, but in their time a few of the words had vanished : —
[Hie iacet corpus Willielmi Freme] 0
cuius Hnime propicietur oeus et Hnimarum omnium
fioelium oetunctorum parentum et . • • . [suorum
Amen. Contende] mttare per [angusta] m pOrtaill.
Which may be rendered into English :
" Here lies the body of William Freme .... on
whose soul may God have mercy, and on the souls of all the
faithful departed his relatives and (? friends). Amen. Strive
to enter by the narrow gate."
Below the inscription is cut on the stone " Ob. 1526."
Heraldry. — Above the figure are the matrices of two
shields : Bigland gives his arms as : Two chevronels between
three cronels, for Freme, impaling a bend compone on a chief
three escallops for
Illustrations. — None.
Portions Lost. — The head (now restored) and feet, two
shields above the figure and portions of the marginal inscription.
The late Mr. J. H. Cooke, F.S.A., of Berkeley, preserved the
head, and in February, 1884, he had it securely fastened in its
proper place, so that the memorial is more complete, and not
a mere headless trunk as heretofore.
Biographical Account. — In Fisher's History of Be/ kelej , p.
25, is to be found " A sepulchral brass on the floor on the
south side of the font marks the resting place of a Romish
priest." Mr. Cooke gave the following account of the brass: —
"The Fremes were for many generations freehold tenants
under the Lords Berkeley, for lands in the manors of Hinton,
Alkington, and Canonbury, in the parish of Berkeley and in
Berkeley Borough, by Knight's Service and the rent of twenty
horseshoes, and their nails, annually. The first of the family
who appeared in this neighbourhood married the heiress of
John Usher, temp. Edward IV. The name was originally
spelt Reme or Reom. William Freme, Esq., died, as stated
on his tombstone, in 18 Henry VIII., but his death was
presented at the Halimote Courts of Hinton and Alkington as
happening in 17 Henry VIII. His widow afterwards married
Richard Walsh, and died 31 Henry VIII., leaving her son and
heir, Thomas Freme, then 23 years of age. Thomas Freme,
of Lyppiatt, the great grandson of the last named Thomas,
held the lands in 1639."
Monumental Brasses.
135
His name appears in the Commission for the County of
Gloucester in the early part of Henry VIII's reign.
Lix.-mortbleacb.
Thomas Bushe, woolman and merchant of the Staple of
Calais, 1525, and wife Joan, 1526, with canopy and marginal
inscription, three or four sons, and two or three daughters lost.
Nave. — Haines.
Position. — On a ledger stone in the Nave.
Size. — 6 ft. g in. X 3 ft. 8 in.
Description. — In its original state this memorial must have
been extremely interesting. Under a double canopy are the
figures of husband and wife.
Thomas Bushe has long clubbed hair cut straight across
the forehead, and parted down the middle. His face is clean
shaven, and by the wrinkles shown on it, he is represented to
be well advanced in years. His outer garment consists of a
tunic scarcely reaching the ankles. It is open down the front
and faced as well as lined with fur. The sleeves are ample,
the cuffs are made of fur. Beneath the gown appears the
doublet, which was a
kind of frock coat
with close fitting
sleeves and a short
skirt, the waist is en-
circled by a narrow
belt adorned with
studs. The legs are
clothed with hose, and
on his feet are broad-
toed low shoes fasten-
ed in front by a
buckle (97). The sup-
porters of his feet are
a horned sheep and a
woolpack, the former
being under his left
foot and the latter under his right. Rings are shown on the first
and last fingers of his right hand and on the last finger of his left.
Joan Bushe wears the pedimental headdress, the front and
^dBSwww*
Northleach.
136 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
the back lappets are hanging down in front of her. Her
attire is in the fashion of the commencement of the 16th
century, viz., a long close fitting dress with tight sleeves and
fur cuffs. A loose
hip girdle fast-
ened by three
rosettes, from
which hangs a
chain terminating
in a metal pen-
dant completes
her costume. The
skirt of her robe
is gracefully ar-
ranged in folds to
allow the toes of
her wide shoes to
be seen resting on
a woolpack and
horned sheep, the
former being
under her left foot
and the latter
under her right
(98). She is
wearing rings on
the first, second, and last fingers of her right hand, and on the
two last fingers of her left hand.
Both are erect, full face, with hands
upraised in prayer.
Beneath the figures and above the
fillet bearing the inscription are the matrices
of two groups of children, and between is
a brass-plate on which is Thomas Bushe's
merchant's mark (99) : — A Latin cross
standing on XX and T, B on either side.
The figures of Thomas and Joan Bushe
are beneath a fine double canopy, with
circular heads and crocketted ogee gables.
Each pediment is filled with a rural scene
representing a tree under which are three
Is'oilhleach.
Fig. 99.
Merchant's Mark.
1526. Northleach.
Monumental Brasses.
137
horned sheep with long tails, the sheep in the middle is lying
down, the other two are standing and are looking towards
each other. (100) On either side of the gables and from
Fig. 100. Canopy. 1526. Northleach.
between them rise pinnacles terminating in crocketted finials,
the outer ones are continued downwards, and are panelled.
Inscription. — Between their bases is a fillet of brass
bearing this inscription : —
"®ff gour cbarite pra\? for pe Soull of Cbomas JBusbe,
m'cbante of ge Staple of Calls | ano Joban, bis wife, wbicb
Gbomas occcssco tbe onx> of Bit" 3>n /iftCCCCCf f D5."
Around the margin of the stone is a narrow band of brass
with an evangelistic symbol at each corner, and on it is this
inscription, which commences over the husband's head :
(Eagle) * ©ff yov cbarite pra\? for tbc soule of ftbomas
(Angel) ffiusbc, sumtvme m'cbunt of tbc staple of Caleys, wbicb
becessvoc tbc oa\? of in tbc gere of or lorbe (Bob (-dinged
qx) /lb" \|)-= jj\\ Uno for tbc soule of Joban, bis wife (pinged
138 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Hon), wbicb oecessEDe tbc [portion lost] pere of or loroe <3oo
/ift" W jjvj., for wbo' eoull of W cbaritc sav> a p'r noster S, a ave
Heraldry. — Above the tree suspended by a hook is a shield
charged with the arms of the Merchants of the Staple of
Calais : — Barry nebulee of 6, Argent and Azure, on a chief
Gules, a lion passant guardant, Or.
Illustration. — None.
Portions Lost. — The plates on which were engraved the
children, the whole of the central pinnacle, except the extreme
end of the fmial, the upper half of the pinnacle on Joan's left
side, the fmial of the gable over her head, and a portion of the
marginal inscription.
Memoir. — Thomas Bushe was one of the wealthy wool
merchants of the Cotteswolds, and in addition he was a
merchant of the staple of Calais, which at that time belonged to
the English. The will of Thomas Bushe is in P.C.C., 38
Bodfelde, and that of his wife is 15 Porch.
lx.- Cirencester.
Two female effigies c. 1530, husband (?) and inscription
lost. — Haines.
Position.- — On the floor of the Lady Chapel.
Size. — 2 ft. g in. x 1 ft. 5 in.
Description. — Here "are two female figures — small but
well executed — (the male one in the centre is lost), with some
children at the feet. The two wives are represented as wearing
a close-fitting kirtle to the feet, with tight sleeves, furred at the
wrist, and a square cut collar ; the dress is secured at the
waist by a massive embroidered cincture, which, slung loosely
round the person, and passing through an embroidered loop
(the figure on the left hand having the larger loop of the two),
falls down with a long pendant end in front of the figure nearly
to the feet ; on their heads they wear the kennel or angular
head dress so generally worn during the latter part of the
reign of Henry VII., and which continued in fashion some
time after the accession of Henry VIII. It was made of
velvet or embroidered cloth, sometimes of lighter materials and
being pointed somewhat stiffly over the forehead descended in
lappets on the shoulders and back. A similar head dress is
worn to the present day in some of the valleys of the Pyrenees.
Monumental Brasses. [39
From the style of costume, therefore, in this brass we may fix
the date as being of the end of the 15th or early in the 16th
century.
On this slab remain the indents and nails of the two
figures, male and female, both somewhat larger than the
existing effigies. The Rev. W. Dyke is disposed to consider
the present effigies are those of the children of the persons
represented by the missing brasses, but in this opinion I do not
concur, as I never remember an instance of children being deline-
ated otherwise than as very young, and in a diminishing scale.
Probably the slab was used for an earlier memorial, which,
being lost, some members of the same family made use of it as
a foundation of their own brasses." t This group has no
connection with this brass, but will be described and illustrated
later on.
Illustration. — The girdle of the wife on the left hand of the
husband is figured in Haines' Introduction, p. ccxli.
Portions Lost. — The effigy of the husband and the
inscription have disappeared, a quatrefoil over the husband's
head, a single child below between husband and each wife.
Memoir. — The Rev. H. Haines, M.A., in his private copy
of Monumental Brasses, had added this marginal note : —
" possibly Thomas Neele," whose will is in P.C.C., 29 Vox.
lxl— mortbleacb.
William Lawnder, priest circa 1530, in surplice (?),
kneeling, marginal inscription mutilated, Holy Trinity and
Blessed Virgin Mary lost. Chancel.
Position. — On a ledger stone at the base of the Altar steps.
Size. — 5 ft. 9 in. x 2 ft. 5 in.
Description. — William Lawnder is represented with hair
reaching to the shoulders, but cut so as to form a fringe across
the forehead. He is clean shaven and has a tonsure.
William Lawnder is vested in a surplice plaited round the
neck, the sleeves are very deep and beneath are seen the
sleeves of his cassock. To the surplice is fastened a hood.
Mr. Haines (Mon. Brasses, i. p. lxviii.) says that "a kneeling
figure painted on glass, and now in the large west window of
t The Reverend W. E. Hadow, M.A., in the Transactions of the Bristol and
Gloucestershire Archaeological Society for 1877-8. Part I., p. 154.
140
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Cirencester church, represents an ecclesiastic in similar
costume ; both the cassock and hood are of a red colour." The
hood must not be confounded with the amice of which an
account was given in No. xxii. of this series."" The hood is
fastened on the left shoulder by a rosette.
William Lawnder is kneeling in front of a fald stool and is
turned to his left. His hands are uplifted in prayer, and from
them proceeds a scroll with these words : u @ retina poll
mefctatrtj CStO XaWltfcer TRAfU'f " (O Queen of Heaven be
the Mediator of William Lawnder).
Above his head is the matrix of the Virgin Mary holding
the infant Saviour on her right arm, and by the side of this
vacant place is another scroll also containing an invocation to
the Blessed virgin : " © nvmen celt Xawn&er miserere
TllHill't" (O Deity of the Sky have pity on William Lawnder).
Above this matrix was another plate, but, unfortunately,
there is no record of what was engraved on it. Mr. Haines
suggests that it was "a large representation of the Holy
Trinity."
Inscription. — Around the margin is the following quaint
inscription : —
t [Zlfcan in wbat] (102) state tbat encr
tbow be Gtmor /iftortis (1) sbuloe truble tbc ffor wben tbow
leest Hflengst (2) veniet te
mors sup* are (3) [Bno]
so tby? grave grevwst (4) JBvqo Mortis memorare. (5) (101)
-*^£D
Fig. 101. At End of Inscription. C 1530. Northleach.
This inscription is to be found at Witney, Oxfordshire,
1 5 10, and Luton, Bedfordshire 15 13, and it was on a brass at
* Robert Lond, St. Peter's, Bristol.
t I Fear of Death. 2 Thinkest. 3 Death will come to overtake thee.
4 Diggest. 5 Therefore remember death,
Monumental Brasses.
141
piiUiUiV(g
Great Tew, Oxfordshire, 151 3. The admixture of Latin and
English in the inscription is very
curious.
Before the word " state " is a
shield containing the well-known
verbal emblem of the Holy
Trinity. (102)
Other examples may be seen
at St. Cross, Hampshire, 1382,
Cowfold, Sussex, 1433, and in
S. Mary Magdalene, Reigate, is
an instance (painted) 1476.
Illustration. — None known.
Portions Lost. — Four words of
the marginal inscription, and two
plates over his head.
Fig. 102. "Holy Tiinity."
C 1530 Northleach.
lxil— ffairforfc.
Sir Edmond Tame, 1534, and two wives, Agnes [daughter
of Sir Richard Greville] with two sons and three daughters,
and Elizabeth [Tyringham] in heraldic dresses, North
Chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On a ledger stone in the Chapel at the East end
of the North Aisle.
Size. — 7 ft. 6 in. x 3 ft. 6 in.
Description. — Sir Edmond is represented bareheaded (103)
as was then the custom, his hair is parted in the middle of the
forehead, and is long, the face is beardless. His head rests on
helmet adorned with a lambrequin and surmounted by his
crest — a colt's head with mane erect couped. He wears
a armour somewhat similar to that in which his father (John
Tame) :i: is represented though the body is concealed by a
richly embroidered surcoat or tabard f on which are embla-
zoned his arms, yet the following armour is discernible. Around
his neck is the collar of mail ; small coudieres and plain brassarts
protect the arms, whilst the hands are not gauntletted. Below
the tabard is the skirt of mail, over which are shown four
pointed and scalloped tuiles. Hanging perpendicularly from
* Vide No, xl. of this series.
t The tabard was described in No xxvii of this series.
142
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
his left side is a sword, and below his right elbow is seen the
handle of his dagger. The legs are encased in massive plate
armour and broad-toed sabbatons guard his feet ; in his heels
are screwed rowelled spurs. He wears a neckchain, from
which hangs a T cross.
Fig. 103. Sir Edmond Tame. 1554. Fairford.
On each side of Sir Edmond is the effigy of a wife, the one
on his left being a daughter of Sir Richard Greville. She
wears the kennel or diamond shaped head dress, the front
lappets being richly embroidered and hanging in graceful
curves not in the stiff formal fashion which was so prevalent.
Over her shoulders is thrown a mantle on which are
embroidered the Greville coat of arms — Sable, on a cross
engrailed, or, five pellets within a bordure engrailed of the
second. The same arms, with a mullet for difference, are on
Monumental Brasses.
143
the brass of William Grevel, 1401, Chipping Campden. §
The mantle shews no method of fastening. Around her neck
is a chain to which is attached a cross similar to her husband's.
Her gown is like the one worn by her mother-in-law, Alice
Tame. It is long and tight-fitting, the sleeves terminate at the
wrists in embroidered cuffs. She has a loose hip girdle
fastened in front by three rosettes, from which hangs a chain
terminating in a pomander.
Sir Edmond's second wife is on his right hand. She wears a
modified form of the kennel head-dress, but the lappets are not
so long as those worn by Lady Agnes. Her mantle bears the
Tyringham arms — Or, a saltire engrailed, sable. It is
fastened by a cord stretching across the breast, the two ends of
which pass through a slide and reach to her feet terminating in
large tassels. Over her mantle she wears a chain. Her gown
seems to be of a different make to that of Lady Agnes. It is
gathered in neat folds and fastened by a brooch at the neck,
and it is so long as to require to be tucked up. The sleeves
fit closely with plain broad cuffs and a narrow frill at the wrists.
She wears over her gown a short jacket. Like the other two
she wears a cross hanging from a neck chain.
All three are erect full face and with hands joined in prayer,
Lady Agnes being on Sir Edmond's left, and Lady Elizabeth
on his right. Sir Edmond is represented as being of less
stature than either of his two wives.
Beneath Sir Edmond are two sons in long tunics with wide
sleeves and broad-toed shoes.
Beneath Lady Agnes a group of three daughters in kennel
headdresses and tight-fitting gowns.
1$m 1 I ''Wallfflr
Fig. 104. Inscription. 1534- Fairford.
Inscription. — The marginal inscription is : —
©f soure cbarite prag [for tbe eoul of jS&mcnD aame (104)
I iknggbt bere unoer bunco wbicb oecessio tbe fgrst Oag of
©ctober in tbe gece of oure lorDe qoO a tbousano CCCGCmmi anD
§ Vide No. VII.
144 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
for tbe soule of Mres (?) | bis first wife wbicb oecessio tbc jjvj
oa£ of 3-uh? alio | [DnM /llMlesimo cccccri] tbc prosperite of Dame
Slijabetb bis last wife . . . . s S. all jren soules ibu baue
mercg, amen. (105)
This inscription has been repaired but unskilfully, the words
"soul of Edmoud Tame " (104) being evidently the work of a
much later period, for the rest of the inscription is in black
letter, and these words are engraved in a clumsy imitation of
Roman letter ; the piece on which is the portion " the
prusperite of Dame Elizabeth his last wife " has been inserted
reversed, and at the end is a skull. (105)
Fig. 105. Inscription. 1534. Fairford.
Heraldry.— At each corner of the slab is a shield but they
are not so well engraved as the figures are. At the upper
dexter corner above Lady Elizabeth appears the Tame arms,
which are repeated at the lower sinister corner ; at the
sinister upper corner above Lady Agnes is Tame impaling
Greville, and at the lower dexter corner is Tame
impaling Tyringham. The Tame arms are mentioned in No.
XL. of this series: King Henry VIII. granted Sir Edmond
Tame " as his armorial bearings the supporters of the Royal
Arms of England — a crowned lion and a griffin — combatant
and respectant — the lion being azure crowned and clawed
gules, and the griffin vert clawed gules in a field argent. "{
On the brasses to Sir Edmond the arms bear a crescent for
difference. Illustrations are given in the next description.
Portions Lost. — The lower portion of Sir Edmond's sword
and portions of the marginal inscription.
Illustration. — Biglaud's Gloucestershire, vol. I. p. 571.
Memoir. — See the next description.
LXin.-tfairforfc.
The same individuals as last, in heraldic dresses, but with
one son only, mural, North Chancel. — Haines.
I H. F. Holt, Esq., in Archceological Journal, 1871.
Monumental Brasses.
H5
Position. — On the north wall of the chapel at the end of
the North Aisle.
Size, — 2 ft. 10 in. x 2ft. 6 in.
Description. — This is the only instance we have in
Gloucestershire of two brasses in the same church com-
memorating the same individuals.
In the brass now under consideration Sir Edmond is
kneeling to a faldstool on which lies an open book. He faces
his two wives who also kneel at faldstools, one behind the
other.
Sir Edmond wears armour very similar to the suit already
described, the following being the chief points of difference —
neither tuiles nor dagger appear, and between his brassarts
and jambarts are shewn gussets of mail.
Behind him is only one son who wears an ample gown
faced with fur.
Lady Agnes wears a heraldic mantle — her husband's arms
being on the right hand side and her own (Greville) on the
left hand ; her mantle is fastened by a chain ; otherwise she is
dressed as described in the last account. Behind her are
kneeling her three daughters in Queen Mary bonnets and long
veils ; their dresses are low with wide bell sleeves whilst the
tight fitting sleeves of the underdress reach the wrists.
Lady Elizabeth is habited
similarly to Lady Agnes, but
impaling the Tyringham arms
instead of the Greville.
From Sir Edmond proceeds
a label, 3esv\ loro tbat maoe
PS; from Lady Agnes, Wt tb£
blOO Y>S bOU(}bt; and from
Lady Elizabeth, for QIVC VS
ovv trespass.
In the centre under the
middle of the arch at the top
of the memorial is the pictorial
symbol of the Holy Trinity (106)
on a separate brass plate beauti-
fully incised. The Almighty
Father, the "Ancient of Days," is represented as an aged
Holy Trinity
Fairford.
1 46 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
monarch seated on a throne. He wears the long flowing regal
robe. His hair and beard are long, and He is crowned; the
two first fingers of His right hand are held up in the attitude
of benediction, whilst His left hand holds a cross tau-shaped to
which is nailed God the Son, whilst above the head of the
crucified Son hovers the dove-emblem of the Holy Spirit : all
three of the figures are nimbed.
Inscription. — Beneath the figures is a plate of brass on
which is the following inscription in raised characters : —
1bic iaccnt JEbmuuoue Game miles et agues et JEUsnbctb
vjotee eius ] qui quioe B&mun&us obijt primo Die ©ctobris
B'n° Vni /IB Dc mitii et B'no recmi I IRegis benrici octavi
vlcesimo sejto quorum a'i'marum p'picietur 2>eus. amen.
This may be thus translated — " Here lie Edmund Tame,
knight, and Agnes and Elizabeth, his wives, which Edmund
died on the first day of October, 1534, and in the 26th year of
the reign of King Henry VIII., on whose souls may God have
mercy. Amen."
It is worthy of notice that the regnal year of the sovereign
is mentioned, which was often the case if the person com-
memorated was connected with the Court.
Heraldry. — Above Sir Edmond is a shield, Tame impaling
Greville (107), and over Lady Elizabeth is Tame impaling
Tyringham (108). See Heraldry in last description.
Fig. 107. Shield.
1534. Fairford.
Fig. 108. Shield.
1534. Fairford.
Portions Lost. — None ; the whole composition is in
excellent condition.
Illustration. — I have not met with any.
Monumental Brasses. 147
Biographical Account. — Edmund Tame's mother had been
snatched away in his infancy, a circumstance of itself likely
to endear him greatly to John Tame, and there is no doubt
that he proved himself fully worthy of the love his father
gave, That he never married whilst John Tame was alive,
and that he found a wife in a lady of distinction among
the county families, almost as soon as the period of mourning
for his father ended, is a proof that he devoted himself to
cheer the failing years of the old man as the pulses of life
began to chill and slacken. At the time of his father's decease,
Edmund Tame was in his thirty-sixth year, an age which
enabled him to thoroughly appreciate the value and importance
of the large properties, both personal and landed, which he
then inherited — those in Gloucestershire, alone including
(among others) Harnhill, Nimpsfield, Notgrove, Rendcombe,
Tetbury, and Fairford, at which last mentioned place he took
up his residence, in the mansion then in course of completion.
John Tame's remains having been duly laid in the spot selected
by him, Edmund's first duty was to give effect to his father's
will by founding the chantry and erecting the tomb.
That the religious zeal of Edmund Tame, and his interest
in Fairford church is beyond all question, is evident from the
following extract from his will :— in P.C.C., 17 Hoger. "1,
Edmund Tame, the elder, being of hole mynde, thanked be
Allmighty God, make my testament in fourme following.
Firste, I bequeathe my soule to Allmighty God, and to our
blessed lady, and to all the holly cumpany of Heaven, and my
body to be buried in our lady chappell in the Churche of
Faireford. Item. I bequethe to the Vicar of Faireford iijli.
vjs. viijd (^3 6s. 8d.). Also I will, that my Feoffees of my
lande in Castleton to stande, and to be seased to this only use,
that is to find a Priest for ever to sing for the soules of my
Father and mother, and for the soules of me and of my wife,
and other my friends, according to the feoffament thereof
made."
That Edmund in every respect fulfilled his father's wishes,
and maintained to the full the dignity of the family name,
may be readily imagined by his adding to the family
estates the manors of Dowdeswell, Barnsley, and Eastleach
Turville, in Gloucestershire. In 1505, he was "Sheriff of
1 4^ Gloucester shire Notes and Queries.
Gloucestershire," on the 26th of July in the following year lost
his wife Agnes (a daughter of Sir Edward Greville), by whom
he had four children — a son, Edmund, and three daughters,
Alice, Margaret, and Elizabeth, all of whom afterwards
married and survived him.
After remaining a widower for a few years, Edmund
married a second time, his bride being Elizabeth Tyringham.
No issue, however, resulted from this marriage, which appears
to have been a very happy one. Indeed, as time progressed,
Edmund Tame developed as much ambition and determination
as had ever distinguished his father, very shortly after whose
demise Edmund was included in the Commission of the Peace
for Gloucestershire, in which he was confirmed by Henry
VIII. on the 1st March, 1510. On the 17th November, 1513,
Edmund's name was returned a second time in the sheriff's roll
of his native county, and in 1515 he was also inserted in the
Commission of the Peace for Wiltshire, where as already
stated, he possessed considerable property. At this time he
had abandoned all active interference in business, although
he still embarked an extensive capital in the breeding of
enormous flocks of sheep. His ambition was, however, rather
with the Court than the counting-house and so successfully
did he play his cards as to receive the honour of knighthood
from Henry VIII. in 1516, in which year he was attached to
the Royal Household, as appears from the " list of names of
the king's officers and servants sworn to attend in his chamber;"
and wherein the name of Sir Edmund Tame appears as a
knight of the body, and that of his son, Edmund Tame, as an
esquire for the body extraordinary.
During the last few years of his life, Sir Edmund the elder
appears to have lived in retirement at Fairford, at which place
he died on the 1st October, 1534 ; and in accordance with his
before mentioned wish, was buried in the Lady Chapel there,
beside his first wife Agnes. By the care of his widow, the
Lady Elizabeth Tame, a blue marble slab in the floor of the
chantry founded by his father, marked his resting-place. As
Sir Edmund made provision in his will for barring the dower
of his widow, his extensive landed property was inherited by
his son Edmund, who had livery of the manor of Fairford the
same year in which his father died. Notwithstanding,
Monumental Brasses. 149
however, Sir Edmund's succession to Fairford, he did not
attempt to take up his residence there ; but in deference to his
step-mother, the Lady Elizabeth Tame, he permitted her to
occupy the Manor House, which she continued to do for some
time after her step son's (Sir Edmund) decease. His will is in
P.C.C., 17 Pennyng.
His pedigree is to be found in the Visitation of Gloucester-
shire, p. 260 (Harleian Society).
Though Lady Katherine Tame, widow of Sir Edmund
the younger, was entitled to Fairford as her jointure, she
never appears to have disturbed Lady Elizabeth in the
tenancy of the Manor House. In November, 1550, Lady
Elizabeth made her will which commences thus: — "I bequeth
my soul to Almightie God, Father, Sonne, and Holy Ghost,
three persons and one God in Trinity, to our blessed lady
Saint Mary the Virgin and Mother inviolate of our Saviour
Jesus Christe, and to all the Holy Company of Heaven, and my
body to be buried in North Chapell of our Lady in Faireford
aforesaide, by my late husbande, Sir Edmund Tame the elder,
Knight, deceased, whose soule God pardon, yf it fortune me,
the said Dame Elizabeth, to departe out of this present lyfe
in Faireford aforesaid, etc." PX.C, f. 45- Pennyng.
The ioregoing is taken chiefly from " The Fairford
Windows," by Rev. J. G. Joyce : and " The Tames of
Fairford," by H. F. Holt.
lxiiia.— St. 3obn Baptist, Gloucester.
Chronicled as lost. — Haines.
Position. — North Wall.
Size. — Length of husband i8i in. ; of the wife 17^ in.
Description. -John Semys wears long straight hair not parted
in front where it is cut to form a fringe and reaching to the
shoulders concealing the ears, in accordance with the usual
custom of the period he is clean shaven. He is represented as
wearing the official mantle fastened on the right shoulder leaving
his right arm free, and hanging gracefully over his left. The
mantle is both lined and faced with fur, is gathered in at the neck
and covers all the doublet, except the little collar and the sleeves,
the latter being moderately wide at the wrist and revealing
beneath the tight fitting sleeves of his underdress (109).
150
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
His wife displays the pedimental headdress so characteristic
of the period, the left lappet shows the ornamentation very
plainly, it consists of a quatrefoil in a diamond, the back
lappets are longer and reach nearly to the elbow. She wears a
mm
mm.
Fig. 109. John Semys. 1450. St. John Baplist, Gloucester.
tight fitting dress cut square at the neck thus showing the
upper portion of her under-dress and fastened down the front,
it is encircled at the waist by a loose hip girdle also ornamented
with a diamond pattern ; the buckle through which the end of
Monumental Brasses.
151
the girdle passes is large, and the tang does not pass through the
girdle. The sleeves are narrow, tight fitting at the wrist with
deep reflexed cuffs purfled with fur (no).
Fig. no. Margaret Semys. 1540. St. John Baptist, Gloucester.
The figures are both erect, the husband being full-face and
the wife turned to her right to look towards him. The hands
are uplifted in prayer, the tips of the fingers just touching.
In the original memorial this wife's effigy stood to the left
of the husband and was his first wife Elizabeth, beneath were
their eleven children.
152 Gloucesterhire Notes and Queries,
Rudder also gives the following account of the brass : —
" Upon a large grave-stone in grey marble, which was in
the chancel before the old church was demolished, but now
altered, or taken away, was a plate of brass, on which the effigy
of a man at full length between two wives and several children,
was engraven, and the following inscription in old black
character : —
Here under buried John Semys lyeth,
Which had two wives, the first Elizabeth
And by her vj. soonnes, and daughters five ;
Then after by Agnes, his secund wive,
Eight soonnes, seven daughters, goddes plente,
The full numbre in all of six and twentie.
He passed to God in the moneth of August,
The thousand five hundred and fortie yere just.
(24 Aug.)
Round the verge of the stone on the south side : —
Plaude poll patria, plaude et paradise colonum
Astri chorus plaudat, plaudat, hie astra peteno ;
Plausus culmen opes ; p'cul ite valete tnag'ri
Laus et famn, vale decor : caro puireat opto.
On the west side : —
Scripta legas tumuli moritus nunc reperat hie qui
Laudis erat digiuis, prudens, sapiensque htnignus.
On the north side : —
Mitis, item lenis, discretus, largus egenis
Hie quasi fuudator, miseris fait et miserator,
Plangit conventus pastorem Religionis,
Regula tutorem : plangito, plange domus.
On the east side : —
Patra plange patrem, dominum vos plangite sui
Plange potens paup natis plange sua.
On each of the four corners, without the inscription, was a
scroll with writing on it, but one of the brasses long since torn
off. On the other it is thus written : —
Siste gradus, Ora, Congita, Remiscere, Plova.
Sic redis in cineres, hujus es, et ejus es.
Gloria divide fugiuut te, mors, manet et te.
Within the verge at the south-west corner are the old arms
of the city, and no other arms are upon it,
Monumental Brasses. 153
In Fosbroke's time the inscriptions in Latin appear to
have been lost.
Illustrations. — Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, Vol. V.
(here reprinted).
Portions Lost. — During the restoration of this church in 1882
two plates of brass, of which an illustration is given, were found
amongst some rubbish in a vault in the church. On them
are engraved the three-quarters effigies of a male and a female
figure. I am of the opinion that these are the fragments of the
memorial to John Semys described by Rudder. No other
portions have been as yet discovered, but I am glad to record
that the plates just described have been affixed to the north
wall of the church and are thus preserved for posterity.
Biographical Account. — A few words on the life of John
Semys may possibly not be devoid of interest, for even the
barest details are worth preservation — though in the present
case, unfortunately, they are but too meagre.
John Semys was one of the two Sheriffs of Gloucester in 1525
and Mayor in 1528 and 1535. During his official life he had
the honour twice of assisting at the reception of royalty visiting
the city of Gloucester. The inaugural address of Mr. R. V.
Vassar-Smith, president of the Bristol and Gloucestershire
Archaeological Society for 1889, gives a description of these
visits.
In 1529 the name of John Semes, mayor, occurs in the list
of justices for the gaol-delivery at Gloucester in June of that
year.
On the 11 Nov. 1534, John Semys, maire, the recorder, and
nine aldermen subscribe a letter to Thos. Cromwell to beg that
he will have a commission directed to them of the same import
as those directed to the shire of Gloucester for the due search
and view of corn, as the town and county of Gloucester is distinct
from the shire.
In June, 1535, his name again occurs on a Commission to
make enquiry respecting Tenths of Spiritualities for Gloucester-
shire and the town of Gloucester.
Undoubtedly a careful search of the archives of the city of
Gloucester would reveal more particulars, and I hope that my
description of the brass in its mutilated state may induce
others to make that inquiry which I myself am unable to
effect.
154
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
lxiv.— Gloucester, St. fll>ar£ oe Grgpt
John Cooke, alderman, 1529, and his wife dame Joan, 1544,
triple canopy with St. John Baptist, all lost but two pediments
(a third lately stolen), inscription lost, now fastened to a board
in north transept, slab buried in chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On a large slab erected against the north wall of
the north transept.
Size. — 5 ft. 1 in. x 2 ft. 10 in.
Description. — John Cooke wears long hair and is clean
shaven. His outer garment is a gown or mantle only used at
this period as a sign of office. It is fastened by a single button
on the right shoulder, and is thrown over the left arm in a
somewhat clumsy manner (in). Beneath is a long tunic
John and Joan Cooke, 1544. St. Mary de Crypt, Gloucester.
reaching to the feet ; this is open above and below the waist,
and faced with fur. The sleeves are of moderate and uniform
breadth, and have wide fur cuffs. At the neck is seen the em-
broidered collar of the doublet, and the tight-fitting sleeves of
the same appear at the wrist. From his girdle, which is
concealed by his mantle and arms, hangs a gypciere or external
purse. The toes of his wide shoes show beneath the gown.
His wife Joan is attired in widow's weeds. Mourning
costumes varied little during the XV. and XVI. centuries,
Monumental Brasses.
155
She wears the veil headdress and the stiffly-plaited barbe —
the distinctive tokens of widowhood (1 11). From her shoulders
hangs a long and ample mantle which is looped up under the
right arm, thence falling in graceful folds. Her dress is
confined by a narrow girdle ; the sleeves are also narrow with
wide plain cuffs. On the first finger of her left hand is the
widow's jewelled ring. The tops of her wide-toed shoes are
just visible below the dress.
Fig. 112. Canopy. 1544. St. Mary de Crypt, Gloucester.
Both the figures are erect, with hands raised in prayer; John
Cooke has his wife on his left hand and is turned a little to his
left to look towards her, and Joan is turned a little to her right.
Above them was an elaborate triple canopy, but the
156 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
pediment over Joan's head has disappeared. Fosbroke* says
that " over her head was a merchant's mark, viz., a sort of
fret, or rather two squares interlaced, one a lozenge-wise ;
in the centre a rose" (112). I am much indebted to Mr. Mill
Stephenson, f.s.a., who has kindly lent me a rubbing of the
portion of the canopy which has now disappeared. Over John's
head is an exceedingly interesting pediment — it has a round
cusped head surmounted by a crocketted ogee gable, and
terminated in a floriated finial. The tympanum contains
a circular panel in which is a rose with five petals and five
barbs ; the spandrils are filled with trefoils. The cusps
also have trefoils, and terminate in a cluster of three berries.
The central pediment consists of a canopy between two
pannelled pinnacles with crocketted finials and flowered
pendants. In the pediment is a figure of St. John Baptist :
in his left hand is a book on which is the Lamb of God
holding a cross, from the stem of which is floating a flag
with two streamers. Both the Lamb and St. John are
nimbed. St. John is pointing to the Lamb with the index
finger of his right hand—" Behold the Lamb." St. John
is represented with long straggling hair, but smooth faced.
The gown seems coarse, but not so realistic as is shewn
on the brass at Deerhurst commemorating Sir John Cassy,
1400. f His right arm may be noticed as being covered by the
sleeve of some under vestment, whereas the feet are bare, as
is also the left leg, which is exposed nearly to the knee. St.
John is on a corbel, and two smaller pinnacles rise on either
side of him (113). The background consists of a lozenge-shaped
diaper, with a sexfoil in the centre of each lozenge. Above
him, stretching from side to side, is a branch forming a triple-
headed arch over him, and under its centre he stands. This
gable has straight sides, not ogee like the one above John
Cooke's head. The groining of the canopy is also shown (113).
Inscription. — Above this elegant canopy the following
words have been cut in the stone : —
3-obanncs Cooke, funoator scholar jui'ta banc ccclcsiam
obtjt I anno JDomfnf flS°CCCCC0xjij° | Jobanna ujor cins obtjt
anno Domini /fcuCCCCC°£l"ivu.
"John Cooke, founder of the school near this church died
A.D. 1529. Joan his wife died A.D. 1544."
* Gloucester, p. 323. f See page 13.
Monumental Brasse
Fig. 113. Canopy 1544. St. Mary de Crypt, Gloucester.
158 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Heraldry.— In the Wantnar MS. his arms are given — Or, a
chevron chequie, Gules and Azure, betweene three Cinque
foiles of ye first.
Illustrations . — I know of none.
Portions Lost. — The' inscription, the pediment over
Joan's head, of which an illustration is given (112), and the
finials of the central pediment and the side pinnacles.
Memoir. — The following is taken from Atkyn's Gloucestershire,
p. 978 : — " Here is a free school erected by Joan Cook, widow
of John Cook, alderman, 31 Henry VIII. She, in performance
of her husband's will, vested several manors and lands in the
mayor and burgesses of Gloucester for divers charitable uses,
and ordered ^fio a year to be paid to a schoolmaster, if a priest,
and but £g a year, if a layman ; which schoolmaster is to be
nominated by the mayor, recorder, and two senior aldermen.
There is now a salary of £30 a year allowed to the head
master, and ^16 to the usher." He was four times mayor,
1501 — 1519. The will of John is in P.C.C., f. 4, Allen; and
that of Joan, f. 38, Porch.
lxv— Meston*upoii*Hvon.
Sir John Greville. lord of the Manor of Milcot, 1546,
chancel. — Haines,
Position. — On the Chancel floor.
Size. — 4 ft. x 2 ft. 1 in.
Description. — We have now arrived at the period when the
bold characteristic outlines of the earlier brasses have yielded
to the finer lines and shades of the copper-plate engraver ; one
consequence of this is that the rubbings of these later brasses
are not at all so clear and well defined as those of former
centuries.
Sir John is bare-headed, revealing his hair closely croppedj
but his moustaches are long and drooping, and his beard is
trimmed to a point long enough to touch the tips of his
fingers. The face is represented wrinkled, as he is an old
man. His head rests upon his helmet, which is surmounted
by a dog's head couped and collared (114). Sir John wears
a tabard, a garment worn by knights in the Tudor era.
Before 1400 a jupon was worn over plate armour. During
Monumental Brasses.
159
the first half of the fifteenth century the polished armour
of the warriors was uncovered and reflected the bright rays
of the sun. After 1450 was introduced the tabard. It was
a kind of jacket, short, closely fitting the form of the wearer,
and had wide sleeves reaching to the elbows. On the
Fig. 114. Sir John Greville. 1546. Weston-upon-Avon.
front and the back of it, as well as on each sleeve, were
displayed the arms of the wearer. This coat is to be seen
at Chipping Campden, on the brass of William Grevel,
1401. At the neck is a small frill, the commencement of
the fashion which in Queen Elizabeth's reign became so
160 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
excessively large and unwieldly. Brassarts protect the arms
but the hands are bare. Below the tabart is the skirt of mail
reaching nearly to the knees. The skirt of taces is divided by
an arched opening in front, the lower ends are seen extending
below the tabard over each thigh, and to them are hinged
small vandyked and pointed tuiles. Plate armour encases the
legs, and broad-toed laminated sabbatons complete his defensive
attire. In the lower part of his jambarts are screwed long-
shanked spurs with large rowels. Beneath his right arm
projects the pommel of his dagger and by his left side hangs
perpendicularly his sword. Between his feet is a conventional
flower— emblem of the resurrection. The artist has filled the
portions of the memorial not occupied by the figure with a
dotted background.
Inscription. — On a plate of brass beneath his feet is the
following four-lined inscription : —
1bic situs est Joannes (Breutllus equcs auratus /ilMlcoti I
olfin oomtnus qui fatu' (mpleuft Bn° reoemptionfs bumanse I
supra /nMUestmu' qutnqentesimu' quaoraqisimo Sexto JEovavDj
ucro sejti Bnqlonr rcqis Secunoo Calenoas Bcccmbrte.
"Here was buried John Greville ' eques auratus,"1 formerly
lord of Milcote, who died on the calends of December, in the
forty-sixth year of the redemption of mankind above one
thousand live hundred in the second year of the teign of
Edward the sixth, King of the English."
Heraldry. — " Crest, upon a wreath a grey-hound's head
coupt collared, and on his surtout are repeated the following
arms, viz. : — Quarterly i & 4, on a cross within a border
engrailed nine balls .... * 2 .... a fess compony ....
3 . . . . per pale and per fess dancette .... in the first
quarter a cressant." — Bigland.
Illustrations. — None known.
Portions lost. — Two shields above his head.
Memoir. — In the "Visitation of Wmwickshire, 1619,'' pub-
lished by the Harleian Society, the pedigree of Greviil is to be
found. William Greviil of Campden had a son Ludovicus,
whose son was William Greviil of Drayton, his son was
Rad'us Greviil sepultus apud Moxton in Com' Oxon, and he
was the father of John Greviil of Milcote, who had a son, Edw.
* The Greville Arms, see No, vii., p. 23.
Monumental Brasses. 161
Grevill of Milcote, knight a distinguished military character in
the reign of Henry VIII., particularly at the battle of Spurs.
He married Anne, daughter of John Denton, of Amersham, co.
Bucks, by whom he had four sons, John, the subject of this
memoir, Fulke, Thomas, and Edward, so says Burke in his
Peerage, but the Visitations of Warwickshire and Gloucestershire
only give John and Fulke ; possibly Thomas and Edward
died without issue.
Edward Greville, so Dugdale relates, obtained the wardship
of Elizabeth, eldest daughter and afterwards sole heiress of
Edward Willoughby, only son of Rd. Willoughby, Lord
Brooke, by Elizabeth, his wife. He intended to marry her to
John, his son and heir, "but she better affecting Fouke, the
younger, became his wife." John Greville seemingly did not
break his heart over the loss of Elizabeth Willoughby and her
manors, for he married Eleanor, daughter of Ralph Verney,
and when she died he espoused Elizabeth, daughter of John
Spencer, of Hodnet, by whom he had issue an only son,
Edward, who is commemorated by the "brass" next
described.
Sir John Greville was lord of the manors of Milcote and
Drayton. He represented the county of Warwick as one of
the knights of the shire in the Parliament of 30 Henry VIII.,
" so fatall to the Religious Houses." On the coronation of
King Edward VI. he was knighted, but he did not long enjoy
this honour, lor he died on the 25th of November in the next
year, leaving Edward his son and heir aged 30 years.
Following the example of his father he was buried in "St.
Anne's Chapped in the Church of Weston super Avon."
His will is in P.C.C., 16 Populwell.
Of the manor of Milcote it may be stated that William
Greville, of Campden (see No. 7 of this series), bought it of
Sir Walter Beauchamp in 1398, and entailed it upon his heir
male. He was succeeded by his son John, whose grandson,
Sir Thomas Greville, assumed the name Cocksey on succeed-
ing to the estates from his grandmother's family. Sir Thomas
died 14 Henry VII. without issue, when the lands of the
Cockseys passed to heirs of that family, but Milcote reverted
to the representative of Ludovic Greville, second son of the
William Greville, of Campden, mentioned above.
162
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries
lxvi.— Meston=upon*Hv)on.
Sir Edward Greville, lord of the Manor of Milcot, 1559, in
armour, chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On the Chancel floor.
Size. — 4 ft. 3 in. X 1 ft. 9 in.
Description. — The armour of Sir Edward is similar to that
worn by his father, Sir John (see above). The following are
Fig 115. Sir Edward Greville. 1559. Weston-upon-Avon.
the chief points of difference : — There are no tassels to his
helmet beneath his head, at the wrists are small frills, the
lower edge of his skirt of mail is vandyked, the tabard covers
all the skirt of taces and only the tuiles are shown, his sword
hangs diagonally behind his left leg (115).
Monumental Brasses. 163
Inscription. — On a plate of brass beneath his feet are
engraved the following words : —
1bic situs est Bfcvardus (Brcufllus cques auratus I /lIMlcott
olim Dominus qui fatu' cocessit priDic natalis | cbrieti Hue
Salutis bumanae qutuquaqcsimo nono supra millcsiuur et
quiuqetesimu' imperante turn BucUis | sereuissima IRcqiua
JElv?sabetba aunu' iam altcrum.
" Here was buried Edward Greville ' eques auratus ' erst
lord of Milcot, who yielded to his destiny on the eve of
Christmas day, in the fifty ninth year of human safety above
one thousand five hundred, Elizabeth then being the most
serene ruler over the English, already in her second year."
Illustrations. — None known.
Heraldry. — As his father, see last account (page 160).
Portions lost. — Two shields above his head.
Memoir. — Sir Edward Greville was 30 years of age at his
father's death (recorded in the last account). He was a knight
and married Margaret, daughter of William Wellington, of
Burleston or Brakston or Barcheston in Warwickshire. He
had an only son Lodowick, who was 22 years of age when his
father died. Of Sir Edward, there does not appear to have
been much information preserved. His son Lodowick seems
to have been very unscrupulous, and Dugdale (Warwickshire
pp. 534-5) gives a circumstantial account of how he murdered
a tenant named Web to obtain his property, but that the
affair was found out and Lodowick was pressed to death at
Warwick. Amongst the Domestic State Papers temp.
Elizabeth is a bond of William Porter, of Aston Underedge,
to Lodovic Grevile, of Milcote, Warwickshire, in ^"2,000, dated
April 1, 1564. Lodowick's son (by his wife Thomasine,
daughter of Sir William Petre), Sir Edward, married Joan,
daughter of Sir Thomas Bromley, and had several daughters,
but an only son John, who died in his father's time sine prole,
and Sir Edward then sold the whole estate to Lionel
Cranfield, Earl of Middlesex, to pay his debts. At Sir
Edward's death the elder branch of the Grevilles became
extinct.
lxvi i .— ximbitttngton.
Richard Coton, Esq., 1536, and wife Margaret, 1560,
between them a child in swaddling clothes, a son (in cloak
above) lost. — Haines.
164 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Position. — On the Chancel floor.
Size. — 2 ft. 11 in. x 2 ft. 1 in.
Description. — Richard Coton has his hair moderately long,
but he is clean shaven.
His gown reaches to his ankles, not girded, but thrown open
in front. The arms pass through openings in the sides of the
gown with very short sleeves over the arm, but with long strips
pendant from behind the openings. The top of the gown is not
turned down, but stands up round his neck. Of his doublet
is seen a portion of the row of buttons down the front, and
above it is a neat frill encircling the throat. Low shoes
complete the visible portion of his attire.
Margaret Cotton wears a modified form of the kennel or
pedimental headdress, the outward casing of which is still
cumbrous and stiff, but it is relieved by a caul or frill-work over
the forehead. The large frontal lappets have vanished, and
instead the sides of the headdress turn up at the ends, so that
this shape was fast merging into a bonnet. The top of her
gown stands up round her neck something after the fashion
of her husband's gown, and above it a small frill shows itself.
The sleeves only reach as far as the elbows, where they hang
down. Her forearms are covered with sleeves, generally richly
adorned, but here represented plain, and puffed beneath,
whilst at the waist are small frills Her gown is confined at
the waist by a sasli tied in a bow in front. The tips of her
shoes just emerge from beneath her dress, and it may be
noticed that both husband and wife wear shoes with th'ck
soles.
The figures are standing erect with hands in a prayerful
attitude, the husband has his wife on his left hand, and they
are both slightly turned to face each other.
Inscription .—Beneath them is a plate of brass on which is
engraved in Roman characters the following : —
HERE LYETH THE DODDYES CF RICHARD COTON, ESQVIER |
AND MARGARET COTON HIS WIEFE. HE DECESSED THE NINE
AND TWENTYTH DAYE OF MAYE, IN THE THYRD AND | FOWRTH
YEARE OF THE REYGNE OF KINGE PHILLYPP AND | QVEENE
MARYE ANNO DOMINI 1556, AND THE SAYD | MARGARET DECES.
SED THE DAY OF MAY IN | THE FYRST YEARE OF THE
REYGNE OF OVRE SOVERAIGNE LADYE QUEENE ELIZABETH
ANNO DOMINI 1560.
Portions Lost. — Rudder records that there were "two children
Monumental Brasses.
165
Fig. 116. Child.
1560. Whittington.
between them," and adds, " note the arms are torn off this
stone." The indents of the foregoing are still visible. One ol
the children, has disappeared since the Rev.
H. Haines's time. The illustration of the
child in swath-bands is reproduced from a
rubbing in the late Mr. Haines's collection
(116).
Illustration. — In the continuation of
Bigland's Gloucestershire, s.v. Whittington,
will be found an illustration.
Memoir. — In the parish registers of
Whittington are the following entries : —
[1555] Richard Cotton, Lord and Patron
of the p'ishe of Whittington was buried
the xviijth day of May. Mrs. Margarett
Cotton, the xvief of Mr. Richard Cotton, Esquire, teas buried
the gth day of April, 1559.
King Henry VIII., in the 36th year of his reign, granted
the Manor and Advowson of Whittington to Thomas Stroud,
etc., who alienated it to Richard Cotton (Patent, 36 Henry
VIII.)
Tradition says that this Richard Cotton was killed in a duel.
During his lordship of the manor he commenced to erect the
manor-house, a fine specimen of the then prevailing style of
domestic architecture. But his premature death put a stop to
building operations, and the house still remains in an unfinished
state.
His son John succeeded him and died seized of the manor
and advowson of Whittington in 1600. — Inquis. P. M., 42
Elizabeth.
lx vi 1 1. —Grammar Scbool, Bristol.
Nicholas Thorne, merchant and mayor [in 1544] founder
[together with his brother] of a school, 1546, set. 50, and 2
wives and children : by his first wife he had Bridget and John,
by his second wife, Jane, John, Francis, Robert, Mary, Joan,
Nicholas, Edward ; 18 Latin verses, engraved c. 1570, mural. —
Haines.
Position. — On the wall of the large upper room in the new
buildings of the Bristol Grammar School, removed there by a
1 66
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
faculty from the walls of St. Werburgh's Church, when the
latter was pulled down.
Size. — 2 ft. 9 in. x 2 ft. 3 in.
Description. — About the year 1570 it became fashionable to
sport beards and moustaches, but Nicholas Thorne is
represented with a clean shaven face.
His gown is long, with strips or false sleeves hanging
behind the elbows. It is faced with fur and thrown open.
Above his hands can be seen the buttons of his doublet.
Around his neck and wrists are narrow frills. Low shoes com-
plete all the visible portion of his costume.
On either side of him is represented a wife, both of whom are
similarly attired (127). A close-fitting cap with lappets curling
over each ear and a veil pendent behind
formed the headdress, known by the
name of ''Paris Head," or "Paris Hood."
The collar of the gown is thrown back
to reveal a tight-fitting partlet sur-
mounted by a slight ruff, the whole
seeming so stiff and formal that the
lady's head appears to be in "the
stocks." The sleeves are adorned with
a stripe wound round them, and they
terminate in slight frills. The gown is
encircled at the waist by a girdle, tied
in a bow in front. Like their husband
they wear low shoes.
The sons are dressed similarly to their father ; the daughters
wear a square bodice, instead of a collar.
Nicholas Thorne and both his wives are shown kneeling at
faldstools, on which are lying open books. He is slightly
turned to his left ; facing him is his first wife, Mary, with
five sons and three daughters kneeling behind her ; their
names (Jane, John, Francis, Robart, Mary, Johane, Nycholas,
and Edward) are engraved on a brass plate over their heads.
Behind Nicholas Thorne is kneeling his second wife, Bridget,
with a son and daughter kneeling behind her, whose names
(Bridgett and John) are recorded on a plate over their heads.
Haines has chronicled the first wife as being the mother of
two children and the second as mother of eight children. But
an examination of his will shews that Mary was first wife and
Fig. 127. Mary Thome,
c. 1570. Bristol.
Monumental Brasses. 167
Bridget his second. Above are three shields which are painted
and not engraved.
Inscription. — Beneath are 18 lines of Latin verse in black
letter :—
1bac iRicolaus bumo Gbornus iacet, optime lector
©lim mcrcator nobilis atque probus :
Cuius Dicta fices, constantia facta reqcbat
j£t virtutc vacans actio nulla fuit
JGristolia: natus fato quoquc functus ibiocm
©jii maqis artcrnum viucre Digitus erat
1banc etenfm praetor rejitque scbolaque supcrba
©rnauit, fratris suaniptibus atque suis
/nMinificu(m)quc patre(m) scnsit respubltca tota
JBristolia, cuius, lam bonitate viqct
fnmcque. scncs, iuvcnes, pueri, innuptcquc puella:
Gotaquc plcbs ocflct tarn cecioisse cito
Coniuqe que qemina et bis quina prole beatu(m)
Seoibus bis ntiseris sustulit ommpotens
Cuius in artbereas animus penetrant in auras
TRelliquias tantum corporis arcba tenet
UU-oremque eaDcm fioam tenet arcba prior m
Btquc bunc qui primus natus vtrique fuit
«Slui obijt 19 Buqusti a„ oni 1546 artatis sue 50
Low in this earth here Nicholas named Thorn, good reader see,
A Merchant rich and trustworthy within these walls was he,
Whose words and deeds alike by truth and faith were ever swayed.
And destitute of honour's stamp no action which he made,
In Bristol born, he hereby fate his life laid down,
Who rather seemed worthy to be of an eternal crown.
This City well he ruled as Mayor, and with a school full large
And stately did adorn, at his own and brother's charge.
The City's whole community a grateful sense retains
Of her too liberal father while his benefit remains.
Old men and young, boys, dowerless girls, the mass of Bristol's poor.
Weep his removal from their midst, who spent so full a store.
By double wedlock he was blessed with children numbering ten
When power divine his soul conveyed from wretched haunts of men,
While his freed sprite with ready joy roams o'er the heavenly plains
Tins tomb you see his body's baser part alone retains,
The while it also holds in trust his first and faithful wife
And him on whom their mutual love bestowed his firstborn life.
Portions lost. — None. Illustration. — None.
Heraldry. — By the kindness of Mr. R. L. Leighton, Head
Master of the Grammar School, Bristol, I am enabled to give
the following: — Blazon of middle chief of brass, quarterly: 1
and 4 arg : 2 lions pass : reg : sa : (?) in chief above fess : or :
1 68 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
below one lion : sa : (?) pass : reg: mid : base. 2 and 3 arg ;
rebute : sa : fess : above lion az : pass : reg : mid : chief, loz :
gu : dex : and sin : chief, below: loz : gu : mid : base. Blazon
of dexter chief and sinister chief of brass, 6 quarterings paity
per tierce in pale party per fess. 1.3.5. ar : '::bear; or: muzzled:
erect : unchained : chain crossing bend sinr : ring of chain in
nombril dexter. 2.4.6. or. (?) fox's head erased: gu.
Memoir. — The following is taken from various histories of
Bristol : — "Buried in St. Nicholas crypt are Robert Thorne
and his wife, the parents of Robert and Nicholas Thorne, the
founders of the Bristol Grammar School, a species of thorn
that Fuller wishes ' God may send us many coppices of.' "
Robert Thorne, senr., made among others the following
bequests : — " . . . Also I bequete to Robert Thorne my son
lx li in redie monney and lx ounces of plate. Also to Nicholas
Thorne my son lx li in redie monnez and lx ounces of
plate "
In 1542-3, Nicholas Thorne was Mayor that year. The
plague at this time was sore in Bristol throughout the whole
year, so that Nicholas Thorne, then Mayor, held his Court of
Admiralty in Clevedon. In an old ledger book in the custody of
Mr. Hackluit written about 1526, by Mr. N. Thorne, the elder,
principal merchant of Bristol, it was noted that before that
year one T. Tyson, an Englishman, had found the way to the
West Indies, and resided there, and to him the said Mr. N.
Thorne, then a merchant in Bristol, sent armour and
merchandise, whereby it appears there was an established trade
there very early, and from the city of Bristol. He left his
geographical and nautical instruments to the Grammar School.
He died August 19th, 1546, aged 50 years, and was buried at
the east end of St. Werburgh's church, now demolished, and
his ashes, if they have not been disturbed now lie under the
middle of Small Street at the Corn Street end.
The portraits of the brothers Robert and Nicholas Thorne
may still be seen in the office of the Charity Trustees, and
copies are also hung in the small committee-room of the
Council House. Robert would seem from his likeness to have
much resembled his bluff contemporary, Henry VIII., while
Nicholas has a hungry ascetic look. With that pedantic
punning on names which characterised the period, Nicholas
"Bear as per Earl of Warwick erect but unchained and no staff.
Monumental Brasses. i6g
has had placed over his head, in a corner of the canvas, the
words, Ex spinis uvas colli gimus — "We gather grapes of
thorns." The quaint conceit is repeated, but not so
epigrammatically, in the portrait of Robert, who is made to
say. in the same learned tongue, " I am called a thorn ; the
glory be given to God who giveth the good things which the
Thorne dispenses to the poor." "Nicholas Thorne by his will,
dated 4th August, 1546, did give and bequeath towards the
reparation of the Bridge, Back and Key, and the banks
on the Marsh, ^20 ; towards making a yard for corn, for
provision of the Commons, £30; towards the making of the
dock at the Key for the better repairing of their ships there,
£25 ; to the poor housekeepers in Bristol, one hundred
marks ; towards repairing of the Free School and making a
library there, ^"30; and [illegible] investments towards
retaining learned council to ensure the lands of the Bar-
tholomews ; to the Mayor and Commonalty towards the
maintenance of the Free School, ^20; to the Chamber of
Bristol, £\, for the use of cloth-making and helping of young
men ; whereof £2 of the money of one Mr. Thos. Howell,
towards the reparation of highways and maintaining the
conduits of water, the Pithay Well and S. Peter's."
The Visitation of Gloucestershire (Harl. Soc.) gives Nicholas
married first Bridget, daughter of — Milles, of Hampton, and
by her he had John ; Bridget, wife of Richard Bowser, of
Dursley ; and Richard. The memorial shews only two
children : Richard probably died in infancy. His second wife
was Mary, daughter of Roger Wigston, of Wolverton,
Warwickshire. Their children were Edward, who married
— Thorne ; Frances, wife of Hugh Patridge ; Mary, wife of
Robert Owgan, Suffolk; Nicholas, married Mary, daughter of
Sir Richard Waker, or Walker, of Hartwell, Northants, and
widow of Francis Catesby, by her he had three daughters ;
Robert, married Mary, daughter of JohnBulbeck, of Clevedon,
Somerset, who died without issue.
lxix.— Ubornburp.
Thos. Tyndall, 1571 (effigy lost), and wife [Avice, daughter
of John Bodie] , 12 English verses, once on Altar Tomb,
Chancel. — Haines.
Position, — On the floor of the chancel,
170 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Size. — 3 ft. 5 in. X 1 "ft. 5^ in.
Description. — All that is left of this fine memorial are two
plates of brass ; on the upper is engraved the representation of
Avice Tyndall (128), while the lower one contains the epitaph.
Fig. 128, Avice Tyndall. 157 r , Tliornbury,
Monumental Brasses. \yi
Avice Tyndall is habited in costume very similar to that
worn by the wives of Nicholas Thorne previously described, but
as she is represented standing, and nearly full face, her richly
embroidered petticoat is displayed to advantage. The gown
is confined by a sash tied at the waist, below which it is thrown
open to reveal the gorgeous petticoat, beneath which are seen
the tips of her thickly soled shoes. Her head is slightly
turned to her right, to look towards her husband (128).
Inscription. — The inscription is as follows : —
Gbomas GsnOall Dpeo tbe ijvtii of Hprill, 1571.
Jl)e se bow Oeatbe Ootbe spare no age no kvnO
t)o\v 5 am lapt in clage ano oeOo \?ou fgnDe
/iftg w\?re ano Gbiloeren lye berc wttb me
1Ro govlo no jfrenoe no Strentbe covlo ransome bie
Gbe enO of care ano matter to repent
Gbe enO of v>av?ne oeltgbte anO ill intente
ftbe eno of faere for fn>noe ano worlOls wo
3Bv> Oeatbe we baue anO of l^ke tbovsanO mo
BnD Oeatbe of svmes in vs batbe maOe an enO
So tbat notbtneje can oner estate amend
Mbo wonlO not be content snebe cbange to mahe
jfor worlOle tbinges etamall Igfe to take.
Heraldry. — Argent, a fess gules between three garbs, sable,
a crescent for difference. — Harl. MS. 1543, fol. 43.
Illustrations. — None.
Portions lost. — Rudder says : " At the foot of the altar
there formerly stood a large raised tomb of black marble, inlaid
with brass. But when the chancel was afterwards repaired,
the tomb was taken down, and the upper slab fixed in the
floor." Evidently the husband's effigy had then disappeared.
A rubbing of this slab made by the late Rev. H. Haines,
shews that the husband stood to the right of the wife. Over
her head was a label. Beneath the inscription are the matrices
of one son and one daughter, with a label over each. Bigland
reports: ''At the four corners were coats of arms, the only
one remaining is on the right hand corner at the bottom,
viz. : - argent on a fess gules, between three garbs sable,
a martlet."
Memoir. — " Thomas Tyndale was elder son of Edward
Tyndale, of Pull-Court, Worcestershire, who was fourth son
of Sir William Tyndale, of Hockwold, in Norfolk. Thomas
172 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
settled at Eastwood, in the parish of Thornbury, of which he
had a grant, 7 Eliz.. 1565, after the attainder of Edward,
Duke of Buckingham ; and by A vice, his wife, daughter of
John Bodie, of London, had Edward and Elizabeth, who
both died before their father. By his will he gave the estate
at Eastwood to his cousin, Thomas Tyndale." — Rudder.
In Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, vol. ii, pp. 201, etc.,
is an interesting account of the Trotman Family, and on p. 203
is the following allusion to Thomas Tyndall : —
" Thomas Tyndale, of Eastwood, ' gentilman,' who died at
' Master Pennes house in London,' 28th April, 1571, and was
buried in Fanchurch (Fenchurch) in that city 7th May, and on
the 31st of the same month re-interred, according to the
direction in his will, at Thornbury." Richard Trotman, of
Cam, was one of his executors. Will in P.C.C, 19, Holney.
Lxx.-ciifforfc Chambers.
Hercules Raynsford, Esq., Lord of the Manor, 1583, set.
39, in armour, and wife Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Parry,
Esq., with two sons and one daughter. Altar Tomb, Chancel.
— Haines.
Position.— Before the restoration in 1887, this brass was on
an altar tomb at the east end of the nave ; the pulpit partially
rested upon it. Now the slab, in which are inlaid the brasses,
will be found erected against the north wall of the chancel,
near the mural memorial to another member of the Raynsford
family. The altar tomb before referred to, had some sandstone
panelling divided with pilasters on one side and at one end, but
the stone was in a broken and crumbling condition, too far
gone for a satisfactory retention.
Size. — 4 ft. 6 in. x 1 ft. 10 in.
Description. Hercules Raynsford is bare headed, his hair
is cut short, and his head rests on his helmet. His moustache
and beard are of moderate length. Around his neck and wrists
are slight frills. A gorget of plate reaches to the chin, the
paldrons have their upright edges scroll-shaped, brassarts of
plate, with plain coudieres, protect the arms, and a cuirass
covers the body. At this period, civilians wore trunkhose ;
this was also adopted by the men in armour, so we may notice
that the skirt of mail (vide Sir John Greville's brass at
Monumental Brasses.
J73
Weston-on-Avon*) has disappeared, and instead, Hercules
Raynsford is wearing trunkhose. Trunkhose were large
breeches well padded, puffed and slashed. As the stuffing was
not of sufficient firmness to protect the thighs, to the projecting
rim of the breastplate or cuirass were hinged tassets which
somewhat filled the functions of the tuiles so conspicuous in
earlier armour. These tassets consisted of a series of small
plates rivetted together,
and may be considered to
be the last remnant of
the skirt of taces. In
this example, the plates
of the tassets are of a
rectangular form. Steel
armour encases the re-
mainder of the legs, and
his genouilleres have
elegant rosettes. Large
rowelled spurs are screw-
ed into the heels, whilst
sollerets with very wide
toes complete the suit of
armour (129). Around his
waist is a narrow strap,
from which hangs ob-
liquely another, to which
is attached a long sword on his left side,
side is affixed a short dagger.
Elizabeth Raynsford is in dress very similar to Avice
Tyndall described in the last.
Hercules and his wife are erect, she being on her husband's
left hand, they are mutually turned a little towards one another.
Two sons are shewn lower down the slab, but in my rubbing
the pulpit covers all but their closely cropped heads, the little
frill round their necks, and the jackets or cloaks on their
shoulders ; they look towards their sister, who is dressed
somewhat like her mother, but no ornament or embroidery is
shewn, the girdle is buttoned in front.
Inscription.— On the plate of brass beneath their feet is
engraved the following inscription : —
Fig. 129. Feet. 1583
Clifford Chambers.
On his right
* No. LXV. of this series, p. 158.
174
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries-
Ifoere Igetb JSurseb tbe JSobbgof Ibetcules IRasnsforb, esciuier
I Xoro of tbis Abannor of Clifford, wbo marrgco JEli3abctbc I
parrg, baugbter of IRobert parrs, esquier, bg wbome bavsug
I 3-ssue too souues aub on Daughter, DieD tbe secouD Dage of
I august, Suo Dni 1583, aub iu tbe peare of bis age 39.
Heraldry. — Over the head of Hercules Raynsford is an
elaborate shield (130), the crest, a stag's head, surmounts an
esquire's helmet, from which depends an elegant mantling :
the shield is blazoned by Bigland : —
1. Argent a cross
sable for Raynsford.
2. Azure an eagle,
displayed argent
gorged with a coro-
net and beaked and
membred or, for
Wylcotts of Wyl-
cotts. 3. Azure an
eagle displayed ar-
gent, beaked and
membered or, for
Wylly cotes of Gt.
Tew, co. Oxon. 4.
Sable on a chief ar-
gent three lozenges,
gules Mollins. 5.
Argent an eagle dis-
played gules (ovHall.
6. Azure a chevron ermine between three bucks trippant
or, for Greene. 7. Argent a chief indented azure, for Glanvile.
8. Per Pale or, and azure a chevron ermine, for Lions, 9.
Gules on a chevron argent a cinquefoil between three garbs
or, for Scocathe. 10. Argent a chevron between three cinque-
foils gules, for Wakested. 11. Argent a chevron engrailed
between three escallops sable, for A rderburgli, or Arderbonghe.
12. Vaire argent and gules on a bend sable three boars' heads
erased or, for Purscell. 13. Or, three bears' heads erased
sable muzzled of the first, for Berwicke. 14. Argent three
bendlets azure on a canton sable a lion passant or, for ShersaJ.
15. Or, three chevronells braced in base sable on chief gules,
three plates, for Prattell.
Over the wife's head is a shield bearing these arms, "Argent
Fig. 130. Arms 1583. Clifford Chambers.
Monumental Brasses. 175
a cross sable, differenced with a crescent, for Ray ns ford,
impaling, Argent, three boars' heads caboshed sable for Parry.
Illustrations. — Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological
Soc. Transactions, vol. XIV., plate VI.
Portions lost. — None ; and the whole composition is in
good condition.
Memoir. — Charles Raynsford of Clifford, co. Gloucester,
was twice married, first to Jane, daughter of John Morgan, of
Camberton, co. Worcester, and secondly to Frances, daughter
of Henry Wyndsore, who was living at the date of her husband's
will, 26th April, 1578. The said will was proved 10th May,
1 58 1. By his first wife he had issue : —
1. Thomas. 2. Hercules. 3. Anthony, executor of his
father's will 1581. 4. Morgan, who was living in 1578. 5. Jane,
wife of John Prouse, of Slaughter, co. Gloucester. 6. Elizabeth,
wife of Robert Wincott, of Kensham, co. Oxford, both living
1578. 7. Eleanor. 8. Margaret, living unmarried 1578.
The second son Hercules, bapt. 3 Dec, 1544, was of
Clifford, and married Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Parry, and
died 2nd August, 1583. Administration of his effects was
granted 3rd August, 15S3, to Elizabeth his relict (Inquis. P.M.
26 Eliz., No. 198.) Elizabeth his widow afterwards married
Willam Barnes, of Clifford.
By her he had issue : —
1. Sir Henry. 2. Elizabeth, his daughter, named after her
mother Elizabeth, has her memory perpetuated by another
"brass " in Clifford Chambers Church ; her memorial will be
described after, it being LXXVI. of this series. 3. Another
son, who is represented on the brass and mentioned but not by
name in the inscription.
The authority for the foregoing statements is The Genealo-
gist, vol. II, 1878, which contains an exhaustive pedigree of
the Raynsford family.
The manor of Clifford Chambers formerly belonged to the
abbey of Gloucester, but was granted to Charles Raynsford,
4 Eliz., the father of Hercules. Henry, son of Sir Henry,
mentioned above, had his estate sequestered in the civil war
because he was a partisan of King Charles, but he compounded
for ^"900 ; the Manor of Clifford Chambers soon after passed
away from the Raynsford family, for this same Henry sold it
to Job Dighton, Esq., in 1649.
176 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Lxxi.-Eristol; St. TIGlerburab.
William Gyttyns, merchant, and one of the common
council, 1586, and wife Mary (who erected brass) with six sons
and four daughters. Quadrangular plate, mural. — Haines.
Position. — On the wall of the vestry of the recently erected
church of St. Werburgh.
Size. — 1 ft. 10 in. X 1 ft. 10 in.
Description. — In the figure of William Gyttyns we have a
capital representation of a well-to-do citizen of the latter
portion of the sixteenth century.
He wears a long robe with a broad band around the hem,
behind the arm holes depend sleeves, of no real use to protect
the arms, but being banded with lateral bars, very probably of
velvet, they served as ornaments to his robe, and were possibly
insignia of his dignity as a " common councilman." As he
kneels to the desk, this long robe conceals most of his other
garments, though the doublet with frills at neck and wrists is
shown with skirt fastened by a sash tied in front.
Behind him kneel six sons, in long robes and doublets, the
eldest has his name — John — cut on the lower part of his robe.
Mary Gyttyns wears a long robe which, like her husband's,
has a broad band but it has no sleeves, a sash tied in a bow in
front keeps all in place ; she, too, has frills at neck and wrists,
her petticoat is plain. Behind her kneel four daughters
dressed like their mother, except that there is no veil to their
headdress, nor any band to their robe.
In the earlier memorials, it
was customary to commence the
inscriptions to the departed with
Orate pro anima, or some similar
pious ejaculation, but at this
period, the effigies of the deceased
are often represented as praying
for themselves, and in accordance
with this custom, William and
Mary are shewn kneeling at a low
•Fig. 131. Circular Plate. desk, on which lie two open books.
1586, Bristol. ? Monogram. The background is COVered with
small oblong panels, and between them hangs a circular plate,
on which are the initials, M.G., probably the monogram Mary
Gyttyns (131). The floor is tiled with square and round tiles.
* Figs. 131, 133, 134, are i scale, and not J aa the remaining illustrations.
Monumental Brasses. 177
Inscription. — Beneath is the following long inscription :—
/toy frenb wbo so tbis place of mgne tbow be tbat sball be
bouloc,
"WHttb patiences pause ano bcarc a frtno bis mtnoe to tbc unfoulo;
Seachc not witb beapes of worlbly toyes tofurnisbc tbv? oelicibtc
1Ror let bim fancie bigbc Degres tbat bopes to liuc artgbtc;
3f tbow baue vvealtbe supply tbie want tbat lancjutsbe in
occaye ;
Bno linger not tby 0000 Jntcnt vntill tby latter oaye ;
5f pouertye opresse tby mino let paciencc be tb\? auyoe,
Xct ricioure farlie boulo faist tbv faitbe wbat bap so tbc betioe :
Iff or as front beatbe no wave tbar is tbey sclfc for to oeffeno,
So bappyc map. no creature be befforc tbc finall cno ;
TlClbearfore of ©00 bis mercye crane wbo batb of mercye store,
2lno vnto bint comenO mg soulc, my freno, J craue no more.
Ibearc litbe burico tbc booy of xmilliam Cystyus, late of tbc
Cittie of 3Bristoll.
/Ifcarcbauntc S. one of tbe Common Couuscll of tbc same, wbo
bab one only wife,
IRamcD /Ifoaiye, by wbom be bao yssbuc vi. souns ano iiji
Oaucibtcrs, wbo bepartcb
Ibis trancitory lief tbc ijv. Day of tffebruary ano Dm, 1586.
3-11 ano for wbose memory tbc saio /ibaryc bis louinge wife batb
maDc tbis moncment.
Illustrations. — I know of none.
Portions lost. — None, but the plate is not in a very good
condition.
Memoir. — In Wadley's Bristol Wills, his Will occurs on
PP- 249, 250.
lxx 1 1 .—Cirencester.
Philip Marner (clothier), 1587, standing. He left a noble
yearly for a sermon in Lent, and gave the interest (?) on £"8o
to 16 men in Cirencester, Burford, Abingdon, and Tetbury.
Mural S.A. — Haines.
Position. — On the wall between the Trinity Chapel and
nave.
Size. — 1 ft. 6 in. x 1 ft. 2\ in.
Description. — Philip Marner is represented as an old man,
standing and supported himself by a knotted staff, shod with
iron. His hair and beard are cut close, and his face shews the
furrows graven by age. He is clad in the usual long gown
of the period with false sleeves pendant from the shoulders.
This gown is slightly open over the breast and shews the
closely buttoned doublet tied with a sash at the waist.
1 78 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Beneath the gown are shewn his feet in thick soled shoes.
He is erect, slightly turned to his left, with a staff in his
left hand and a flower in his right. Near his right foot is seated
a dog, and this forms one of the latest instances where dogs
are represented on brasses. In the upper left-hand corner is
represented a pair of shears — emblem of his trade (132).*
Htt Jrtit Imftitt astotttitti hr ¥m% .
SwtmoMrs Vftft PO aoorr far ta wtm
<mb#&: io.^tnm #§ Into ^ .. .
M (Etrrfter .^xrforfc Juration $ mi fwnr.
$§&> to 6r io wxa a Fforto fmfy
Fig. 132. Philip Marner. 1587. Cirencester.
Inscription — The rhyming epitaph is as follows : —
5n Xent b£> will a Sermon be benteeb,
anb H?crcl\? fl>recber witb a noble prtseb.
Seven IRobles be bib geue ge poore for to befenb,
See No. XVII. of this series, p. 49. Thos. Fortey, etc., H47- Northleach.
Monumental Brasses. i 79
ano SOU. to £\n. men oio leno,
3\\ Ctcestcr, :fl3urforo, Bbington, ano actbnric,
ever to be to tbem a stoche lt>crl^>.
flMMllip dfoarncr, wbo oieo in tbe sere 1587.
Illustrations. — None known.
Portions lost. — None, and the whole monument is in a
good state of preservation.
Memoir. — The will of this benefactor to Cirencester is in
the Probate Court at Gloucester, and was made on the 14th
September, 29 Eliz.
lxxii i .— Meston^suNBocje.
William Hodges, 1590, he married the daughter of Sir
George Throgmorton, of Kaughton [Coughton] , and widow
of John Gifford, Esq., of Weston-under-Edge. — Haines.
Position. — Formerly on floor of centre of chancel, now
placed upright against the north wall of chancel just west of
altar step. — A. W . F., June 26th, 1871.
Size. — 3 ft. 1 in. x 1 ft. 9^ in.
Description. — His short curly head seems to rise out of an
immense plaited wheel-ruff: his beard is trimmed, but the
moustache gracefully curls. The body is clothed in a close
fitting doublet, girt about the waist by a narrow belt, from which
hangs a long sword. Over the doublet is worn a short loose
cloak, the cape of which was buckled in windy weather. The
arrangement of buttons on the cloak presents marked peculi-
arities. He wears knee-breeches and long hose with low shoes
on his feet. He is represented standing on a tiled pavement,
slightly turned to the right, with hands clasped in prayer.
Inscription. — On the brass plate beneath is the following
inscription : —
HERE LYETH THE BODYE OF WILLIAM HODGES, WHO | MARIED
YE DAUGHTER OF SIR GEORGE THROGMORTON | OF KAUGHTON
KNYGHT, AND WAS THE WYDDOWE OF | JOHN GYFFORD, OF
WESTON UNDEREDGE, ESQUIRE, WHO | DEPARTED THIS LYFE
THE XXIII OF AUGUSTE, A.D. 159O. |
Illustrations. — None.
Portions lost. — None, and the whole memorial is in good
condition.
Biographical Account. — In the Visitation of Gloucestershire
1623 (Harl. Soc), John Gifford, of Weston under Edg, in
I So Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Com. Gloc, married Elizabeth, second d. of Sir George
Throgmorton, Knt., by whom she had twelve children. She
married secondly Will'm Hodges, and they had issue Anna
and Adrina. In volume V. of Bristol and Gloucestershire
Archaeological Transactions, p. 234 is
Weston fMrs. Elizabeth Hodgs, the wyffe of Mr.
Subedge *■ William Hodgs, Esquor.
lxxiv.— j^ate.
Alexander Staples, 1590, and two wives, Avis, with two
sons and three daughters, and Elizabeth (who erected brass),
with four sons and two daughters, eight elegiac verses,
quadrangular plate. — Haines.
Situation. — On the chancel floor, but when the church was
restored, the choir-screen on the south side was built over this
memorial, and only a portion is now visible.
Size. — 1 ft. 8 in. x 2 ft. 2 in.
Description. — As mentioned above, only a portion of this
brass is now to be seen, but the
late Mr. J. D. T. Niblett,F.S.A.,
of Haresfield Court, kindly gave
me a rubbing of the whole
memorial, which he had made
before the church was restored.
In the centre stands Alex-
ander Staples, vested in a long
gown which nearly covers his
feet. His hair and whiskers
are cut short, around his neck
and wrist are frills. The gown
is faced with fur, and being
slightly open in front, it reveals
the buttons of the closely-fitting
doublet. From his shoulders
hang the then fashionable short
sleeves, which are adorned with
bars, probably of velvet.
On either side, slightly turn-
* Fig. 133. Child. 1890. Yate. , , ,, • 1 1 j
ed towards their husband,
stands a wife. On his left is Avis, his first wife. She wears
a French hood, or bonnet, with a ruff round her neck. Over
* Figs. 131, 133, 134, are h scale and not \ as the remaining illustrations.
Monumental Brasses. 181
her shoulders is a cape with an escalloped edge, a long dress
thrown open to show her embroidered stomacher and richly-
adorned petticoat, completes her outward attire.
The second wife, Elizabeth, is somewhat similarly dressed,
but she wears no cape.
The sons are in close-fitting gowns with small lappets (133):
the daughters resemble their mothers.
Inscription. — Beneath is the following inscription : —
"Corpus Sferauori Staples lapis iste tuetur :
Spiritus artberea seoe beatus ertt.,
IRursus suprcmum tuba cum taratantara clanget
Spirftui junket mortua membra Deus.
Ccrceutum lustris octoocuoque flueute,
$ernaroi, a Cbristo, couctoit, ipse die,
Sajum boc mcesta suo pouebat JEtisn martto,
Conjuciij stgnum quoo pietatis erit.
22° aufliisti, 1591"
•• The corpse of Alexander this stone shall safely keep,
His spirit in the heavenly realms its blessedness shall reap,
When the last trump with clangour loud the universe shall fill,
God shall his soul and body join at His own holy will,
Three hundred lustres fleeted by, years ninety-one beside,
From Christ, His birth, on Bernard's feast when this our
Staples died,
With tears this stone to her loved lord has sad Eliza laid,
Thus sign alike of wedlock's tie, and of her lord she made."
Portions lost. — None.
Illustrations. — None known.
Memoir. — Thos. Staples, Esq., of the Middle Temple, 5th
son of Alexander Staples, Esq., of Yate Court, Gloucestershire,
was created a baronet of Ireland, 18th July, 1628.
lxxv— OLecfebampton.
William Norwood, Esq., and wife Elizabeth [daughter of
William Lygon, of Madresfield, Worcestershire] , 1598, set. 50,
with nine sons and two daughters, six elegiac verses, quad-
rangular plate mural. — Haines.
Situation. — On the south wall of the south aisle, near the
east end.
Size. — 1 ft. 10 in. X 1 ft. 11 in.
Description.— This interesting brass affords a good example
of the costume of a gentleman and a lady towards the end of
the reign of Queen Elizabeth,
1 82 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
William Norwood has his hair and beard closely cropped,
but his moustache is allowed to grow. A stiff ruff encircles
his neck, a fashion often noticed sarcastically by the writers
of the period. His cloak covers the rest of his attire, except
the top of his doublet and its tight-fitting sleeves. From the
shoulders hang long false sleeves unadorned.
Behind him kneel nine sons. Their hair is cut short, and
they wear ruffs. Their cloaks appear to be sleeveless, and
consequently we see more of the long-breasted doublet : on the
three elder sons, this doublet is represented as fastened by a
row of buttons, but the mode of fastening is not shown on the
others. Their cloaks are short, so that the long hose from the
knee are shown. Their feet are protected by low shoes. By
the left side of the eldest son hangs a sword.
Elizabeth Norwood wears a French hood with a hanging
veil, a large ruff like her husband. The over-gown is thrown
back a little, to show the plaited partlet. Her costume is
marked by extreme simplicity and lack of embroidery work,
which so lavishly bedecked the dresses at this period.
Behind her kneel two daughters somewhat similarly attired,
but with no veils to their head-
dresses.
The husband and wife are
kneeling to a low fald-stool with
a flat desk, on which two open
books are lying. The book in
front of William Norwood has
leather thongs for fastenings,
and the one before his wife has
clasps.
Heraldry — Over the fald-
stool is their coat of arms (134):
Ermineacrossgules, Norwood,
impaling Argent, 2 lions passant
gules Lygon. Above the wife
and daughters is a scroll on
which is engraved, Expecto donec veniat invitatio mea,
" I wait until my summons may come."
Inscription. — Below is the following inscription : —
" ELIZABETHA NORWOODD, VXOR GVLIELMI NORWOODD
ARMIGERI, CVI PEPERIT NOVEM FILIOS, FILIAS DVAS,
134. Shield.
Leckhampton.
*Figs. 131, 133, 134 are * scale, and not I as the remaining illustrations,
Monumental Brasses. 183
ANOS NATA 50 \ APRILIS l6, ANO DNI I598, PIE
ET FELICITER EXPIRAVIT IN CHRISTO.
SCILICET VNDENA VIXI QV^ PROLE BEATA
VNO NON POTVI FVNERE TOTA MORI
I.I15ERIOR TOTV MIHI VITA EXCVRRIT IN ORBEM
CJEL.V ANIMA TENEO POSTERITATE SOLV
SI TELLVRE PO LOQ. FRVOR DEVISA, NECESSE EST
DEFVNCTA NVLLO ME PERIISSE LOCO.
"Elizabeth Norwood, wife of William Norwood, Esq., to
whom she bore nine sons, two daughters, having lived fifty
years, she piously and peacefully died in Christ, on April 16,
A.D. 1598.
"I, who eleven times did multiply
Myself on earth, cannot in one death die ;
Rather my lively sprite both world's shall roam,
Heaven is my soul's — earth is my offspring's home;
If then I freely range both spheres of space
I perish not in any resting place."
Portions lost. — None, and the whole composition is in a
good state of preservation.
Illustrations. — None.
Memoir. — The family of Norwood is of high antiquity and
consequence, and is regularly traced from Johnde Northwode,
of Northwood Chasteners, in the Isle of Sheppey, Co. Kent.
John de Northwode was summoned as a Baron of Parliament
in 1294, which Barony became extinct in 1375. A descendant
of a brother of the first Baron migrated into this country, and
in consequence of his marriage with Eleanor Giffard became
possessed of the manorial estate at Leckhampton. From him
descended William Norwood, who married Elizabeth Lygon.
The epitaphs of William and of his son Richard are thus given
by Bigland : —
" Here was buryed the body of William Norwood, Esq.,
who died September the 23, 1632.
Here lyeth the body of Richard Norwood, the eldest son
of William Norwood, Esqvyer, who deceased the xii. day of
January. Anno Domini, 1630."
The following interesting particulars are taken from
Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, edited by Dr. Howard,
N.S.,vol.ii,p.43. The representation of the seal and autograph of
William Norwood here given (135), are copied from a deed in the
184 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
possession of the late Rev. C. B. Trye, of Leckhampton Court.
The indenture is dated 21 November, Jac. I., between Thomas
Fogge, of Clerkenwell, in the county of Middlesex, Esq.,
William Norwood, of Leckhampton, in the county of
Gloucester, Esquire, and Anne, his wife, mother of the said
Thomas Fogge, John Sackville, of Sedlescombe in the county
of Sussex, gentlemen, on the one part ; and Sir Samuel
tyy wmmqlf
*F'g- 135-
Seal and Autograph of William Norwood.
Peyton, of Knolton, in the County of Kent, Knight and
Baronet, and Sir Robert Darrell, of Calehill, in the County
of Kent, Knight, and Thomas Hales, of the City of Canter-
bury, Esq., on the other part, relating to the manor of
Southcombe, Kent.
Anne (born 1555) daughter of Christopher Sackville, Esq.,
married Richard Fogge, of Tilmanshort, county Kent, Esq.
He died 1598, October, leaving three daughters and Thomas
Fogge, born 28 August, 1585, mentioned above.
This Anne Sackwel appears from this deed to have married
William Norwood, although in the pedigree entered by him in
the Visitation of Gloucestershire, 1623, such fact is not men-
tioned. The only wife ascribed him there is Elizabeth Lygon,
by whom he had many children. He survived till 23 September,
1632. Elizabeth Norwood was a daughter of Wm. Lygon by
Eleanor, daughter of Sir Wm. Dennes, Knt. She was grand-
daughter of Sir Richard Lygon, Knt., who married Margaret,
sole daughter and heiress of Sir William GrevilleJ of Arle
Court, near Cheltenham, and by her the Lygons became
possessed of that manor.
* Kindly lent by Messrs. Mitchell & Hughes, Ye Wardour Press, London.
f Vide No.XLVII, of this series, p. 113. Cheltenham, Sir William Greville, 1513
Monumental Brasses. 185
Feet of Fines, 36 Eliz. Trinity. Betw. William Lygon,
Esq., George Blunte, Esq., John Stywarde, Esq., and
Augustin Stywarde, Esq., Q., and William Norwoode, Esq., and
Elizabeth, his wife, def., of the Manor of Leckhampton, with
app'ces and 60 mess., &c, and ^"24 rent in Leckhampton, in
co. Glouc. And of the Manor of Uphatherley with app'ces
and 2 mess., &c, and 2 shillings rent in Uphatherley, in the
County of the City of Gloucester. Whereupon, &c. Warranty
to William Lygon, George, John, and Augustin, and the heirs
of William, against William Norwood and Elizabeth, and the
heirs of William. And for this, &c, they have given to William
Norwood and Elizabeth, /"8oo.
lxxvl— ciifforO Cbambers.
Elizabeth, daughter of Hercules Raynsford and wife of
Edward Marrowe, Esq., of Barkswell, Warwickshire, 1601,
loose. — Haines.
Position. — When I rubbed this brass in 1882, the two
pieces forming this memorial were lying loose in the church,
but I have much pleasure in adding that at the restoration in
1887, they were let into a stone slab, and erected over the
door between the chancel and vestry, on the north wall with
the other monuments of the Raynsfords. The original position
of these fragments could not be ascertained, so it was thought
by the rector and the architect (Mr. John Cotton, Birmingham)
desirable to place them with the other Raynsford memorials
altogether on the north side of the chancel.
Size. — 2 ft. 7 in. x 10 in. and 1 ft. 9 in. x 6^ in.
Description. — Elizabeth Marrowe has her hair well brushed
back from the temples, she wears a French hood of the
shape popularly appropriated to Mary, Queen of Scots, but
this is nearly wholly hidden by a huge calash which covers
the head and shoulders, and falls down behind the back
nearly to the ground. A stiff ruff encircles her neck, but
none are worn at the wrists ; instead neat cuffs appear.
An embroidered stomacher peaked in front relieves the plain-
ness of the rest of her costume. A slight farthingale supports
the weight of her skirts, which barely reach her ankles. Low
thick-soled shoes with a rosette in front encase her feet (136).
1 86 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
In her arms she carries a little babe wrapped in swaddling
clothes. Over its head is thrown a small hood, a little ruff is
round its throat, and on its breast is a plaited bib.
Fig. 136. ElizabethJMarrowe. 1601.
Clifford Chambers.
She is represented erect, slightly turned to her right, and
holding her babe on her right arm.
Monumental Brasses.
187
Fig. 137. Shield. 1601.
Clifford Chambers.
See p. 174.
Inscription. — Beneath is this inscription : —
VNDER THIS STONE LYETH THE BODY OF ELIZABETH |
DAVGHTER OF HERCVLES RAINSFORD OF CLIFFORD IN YE |
COVNTY OF GLOC I ESQVIRE, MARRIED TO EDWARD MAR | ROWE
SONNE AND HEIRE OF SAMVELL MARROWE | OF BARKSWELL IN
THE COVNTIE OF WARWICK ESQ | WH ELIZABETH DECEASED THE
29 OF OCTOB' l60I.
Heraldry. — In Rudder, mention
is made of another piece of " brass " on
which was " a scutcheon, Baron and
femme. i. Argent, a /esse engrailed
sable between 3 boars' heads couped
proper for Marrowe. 2. — Rainsford
as above,"* which is Argent, a cross
sable (137). This at the restoration
in 1887 was placed over the head of
Eliz. Marrowe.
Illustrations. — Bristol and Glouces-
tershire Archaeological Society Trans.
Vol. XIV. plate 7.
Portions lost. — A part of the shield.
Memoir. — Edward Marrowe, of Berkswell, Warwickshire,
son and heir of Samuel Marrowe, is represented in Dugdale's
Warwickshire, p. 718, as having married Ursula, daughter of
Rich. Fienes, Lord Say and Sele : by her he had Samuel his
heir, Thomas, Edward, Franciscus, Georgius, Johannes: he
died anno 1632. In Camden's Visitation, 1619 {Harleian
Society Publications), "Sir Edw. Marowe, of Barkswell,
Kt." is shown as having been married twice, 1st to " Elizb.
Da., of — Barnes, of Gainsfford, of Gloucest., by whom he
had one child, Elizabeth, and secondly to Ursula, as given
above. " Barnes, of Gainsfford, of Gloucest.," was very
probably Hercules Rainsford, of Clifford Chambers. In the
Raynsford pedigree in the Genealogist, vol. II, it is stated that
Elizabeth, daughter of Hercules Raynsford, married Edward,
son of Samuel Marrowe, of Berkswell.
lxxvii.— mormington.
Anne, eldest daughter of Richard Daston, and wife of
John Savage, Esq., of Nobury, Worcestershire, 1605, JE. 25,
in childbed, with infant, marginal inscription. — Haines.
* See p. 174.
1 88 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Position. — Affixed to the south wall of the chancel.
Size. — 2 ft. 9 in. x 2 ft. 4 in.
Description. — Anne Savage is represented in bed with her
babe lying on the coverlid near her. The bed is one of the
old-fashioned " four-posters." The curtains are looped back
to the posts. She lies propped up by a high pillow, the
coverlid is neatly turned down, and a fringed rug is thrown
Fig. 138. Anne Savage. 1605. Wormington.
over her. She wears a close cap, and a close fitting dress with
an embroidered front. Her arms rest on the coverlid, and
her hands are clasped in prayer. Her babe is swathed in
long bands round its under clothes and over its head (138).
Monumental Brasses.
189
Inscription. — Beneath is this inscription : —
FILIOLVS, CONIVX, PATER EFFERA FATA QVERVTVR
QViE dilectam Annam Sauage eripvere marito
et primogenitam Daston velvt altera phoenix
dvm parit illa perit, dvm partvrit, interit Anna
Anna anima e ccelo lvstris iam qvinqve peractis
IN CCELVM REDIJT SED TERRA HUIC OSSA RELIQVIT.
This may be rendered : —
Child, spouse, and sire the cruel fate lament
Which tore their Anna from their husband's love
Her father's firstborn offspring — but she went,
E'en as a Phoenix seeks to rise above.
Dying, new life she gave, she passed away
Leaving the promise of a longer day.
Five lustres from heaven's court her soul had strayed
Now thither mounts — in earth her bones are laid.
Around the margin is : —
HERE LYETH BVRIED THE BODYE OF ANNE | SAVAGE THE
WIFE OF IOHN SAVAGE | OF NOBVRY IN THE COVNTY OF
WORCESTER | XVII. DAY OF JUNE, 1605, BEINGE OF |
This inscription is not now complete.
Fig. 139. Shields. 1605. Wormington.
Heraldry.— Fixed on either side of the brass are two
shields : — Argent, six lions rampant sable — Savage, and
Quarterly, one and four, Gules on a bend or three mullets sable.
Daston. Two and three, or a fess wavy between six billets
I go Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
sable, Dumbleton. (139)- These arms also appear on the
brass to Anthony Daston, 1572, in Broadway Church.
Illustrations. — I know of none.
Portions lost. — A part of the marginal inscription.
Memoir. — The inscription tells of her being the eldest
daughter of Richard Daston : he died seized of property in
Wormington held of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and left
by Ann his wife two sons, Anthony and Edward. In the
Parish Registers of Broadway occurs this entry : — Baptisms,
1580, May 22, Anne, daughter of Mr. Richard Daston.
lxxviii.— Bbbenball.
Richard Pyrke, of Micheldean, 1609, czt. 60, and wife Joan,
daughter of John Ayleway, Gent., with their sons, Thomas
and Robert. Chancel. — Haines.
Position. — On the floor in the middle of the chancel.
Size. — 5 ft. 8in. x 2 ft. 2 in.
Description. — In accordance with the prevailing custom of
this period, Richard Pyrke has his beard and hair closely
trimmed, but the moustache is not so closely cut.
He wears a long gown with false sleeves, beneath is seen
the peascod doublet, above which is a stiffly plaited ruff.
Trunk hose and low shoes complete his outward apparel.
Joan has her hair well brushed back into a hood, above
which is a broad-rimmed hat, wreathed round the crown ; this
headdress was generally worn by persons living in the
country. A stiff ruff is round her neck. She wears a long
bodied stomacher with rounded point at the waist, and plainly
plaited. A slight hoop supports her dress, which barely
reaches her insteps. Her low shoes have thick soles and are
fastened by a little rosette.
On a plate of brass beneath are engraved the figures of
their two sons. The one wears a long gown reaching to his
heels, above is a broad collar instead of the ruff. The gown
conceals the rest of his clothing except the sleeves of the
doublet. The other son wears a short cloak with a broad
collar. The doublet is fastened at the waist by a buckle, but
the characteristic buttons down the front are not shewn. He
wears trunk hose, tight stockings, and low shoes (140).
Monumental Brasses.
191
All are erect, with hands uplifted in the attitude of prayer.
The husband has his wife on his left, and is slightly turned
towards her, and she is slightly turned towards him. The
sons are both slightly turned to their left.
Fig. 140.
Thomas and Robert Pyrke.
Abbenhall.
1609.
Inscription. — Between the figures of the husband and wife
and those of their sons is the following inscription : —
HERE LYETH THE BODY OF RICHARD PYRKE OF MICHELL
DEANE I IN THE COVNTYE OF GLOVR & IOHAN' HIS WIFE YE
DAUGHTER OF IOHN AYLEWAY GENT : WCH RICHARD DIED THE
23 DAYE OF OCTOBER ANNO DNI 1609 AGED LX YEARES.
On another plate of brass below the sons is : —
HERE LYETH THE BODIES OF THOMAS PYRKE & | ROBT PYRKE
SONNES OF THE SAID RICHARD & IOHAN' WCH THOMAS DIED
THE DAY OF ANNO DNI AGED ROBT DIED YE
I DAY OF ANNO DNI AGED
The blank spaces in this inscription have not been filled up.
ig2 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
On the stone below this inscription are cut the following
words : —
HERE LYETH THE BODYE OF | DUNCOMBE PYRKE 2D SON OF
NATH. PYRKE, ESQR., WH DEPARTED | THIS LIFE OCTR gTH
ANO DNI 1725 I ^TATIS SU.E 34
Between the heads of husband and wife is : —
CHRISTVS MIHI VITA
MORS MIHI LVCRVM.
which may be rendered
" Christ is my life, Death to me is gain."
Illustrations. — None.
Portions Lost. — A piece of the wife's head-dress.
Lxxix.-TTc^enbam.
William Molton, Esq., 1614, and wife Millicent, daughter
of Gilse Spencer, Esq., of Nurthen, Warwickshire, 1604.
Out of 12 children he left 3 married. 12 English verses,
mural, chancel. — Haines.
Position. — Over the vestry door on the north wall of the
chancel.
Size. — 2 ft. 6 in. X 1 ft. 10J in.
Description. — William Molton is dressed in the ordinary
costume of the period. His hair and beard are cut close.
He wears doublet with broad cuffs, trunk hose, and low
shoes, over all he wears a short sleeveless cloak. The stiff
ruff is still sported.
His wife has her hair well brushed back into a small hood,
from her shoulders spring an enormous projection — the calash
headdress ; within is a large stiff ruff, much like that of her
companion. Her peaked stomacher is braided horizontally.
Over her shoulders is a small cape, her long dress covers her
feet.
Both are shown nearly facing each other, kneeling on
hassocks with tassels at each corner on a tiled pavement.
Between them is an altar on which is a double reading desk,
and a book lies open before each of them. Above the desk is
a coat of arms. (141).
The whole brass plate has a twisted cable ornament for
border.
Monumental Brasses.
193
Inscription. — Beneath is a long inscription : —
Stay Passenger this tvmb doth hovld
A coffin fvll of holy movld
If vertve have a grave lo heer
Religiovs care and love syncere,
Wise goverment and zeale wel led
A davntlese covrage hvmble dread
Bovnty of hand and chere of face
Good natvre perfected by grace
And which gave lyfe to all the rest
A trve harte in a fravde lese brest
If these on earth were lately mist
Lo whear they ly in Movltone chist.
**
**
'**)
HEERE LYETHE BODYES OF WILLIAM
MOLTON, OF TODDENHAM, ESQ., AND
MILLICENT HIS WYFE, DAVGHTER OF
GILSE SPENCER, OF NVRTHEN OF
WARWICKSHIRE, ESQ., WHICH MILLI
CENT DYED THE 10 OF DESEMBER, 1604
AND WILLIAM AFTER LOVNG SIKNES
DYED THE VI. OF IANUARY, 1614, HAVING
BEFORE HIS DEATH MARIED 3 DAVGHTERS
THE ONLY CHILDREN THEN REMAYNING
OF 12, WHERE OF THE I WAS MARYED
TO THOMAS BAVFOV, ESQ., SONNE
AND HEIER TO SER THOMAS BAVFOV,
KNIGHT, THE 2 TO RICHARD SAVADGE,
SONNE AND HEYER OF WALTER SAVADGE,
ESQ., THE 3 TO WILLIAM WILLOVGHBY,
OF NORMANTON, ESQ.
Heraldry. — Argent, three bars gules
charged with seven^escallops, three,
two and two, Molton, impaling azure,
six sea-mews' heads erased argent,
Spencer.
Fig. 141. Shield. 1604.
Todenham.
Illustrations. — None.
Portions lost. — None.
194 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Lxxx.-flMnets.
[Nich Poulett, Esq.] in arm, and wife [Marg. daughter of
Thos. Hungerford] c. 1620, with 4 children, Amyes, Elizth,
Mary, Edight, inscription covered (?) quadrangular plate,
mural, North Aisle. — Haines.
Position. — On North wall of North Aisle.
Size. — 1 ft. 8 in. x 1 ft.
Description. — The husband is represented bare-headed, the
beard trimmed to a point which rests on the stiff ruff round
his neck ; the paldrons have an escalloped edge, the cuirass is
plain with a projecting edge, to it are attached tasses buckled
over his trunk hose. The arms and legs are encased in plate
armour and the hinges and rivets are plainly shewn ; spurs
with rowels not clearly defined are fastened to the jambs, a
broad sword belt hangs loosely, on his right side a dagger, on
his left a sword. One son, Ames, kneels behind him, of who;-e
dress only the ruff and long cloak with false sleeves are shown.
Mary Powlett has a French hood with a pendent veil.
Like her husband she wears the cumbrous ruff, the sleeves of
her dress are of moderate size, with ornamental wings on the
shoulder. Her peaked stomacher is fastened by a sash, the
gown is thrown back to show the petticoat ornamented by
scales. Behind her kneel three daughters, Elizabeth, Mary
and Edight, who are dressed similarly to their mother, except
the shoulders have no ornaments and their petticoats are plain.
The husband and wife are kneeling with hands clasped in
prayer on tasselled cushions facing each other, the wife being
on the husband's left hand ; the family kneel on the tiled
pavement. Behind is a pillar in the middle, thus dividing the
wall into two compartments. Over the heads of the figures
are the names of those commemorated ; starting on the left
they read as follows : —
AMES POWLETT, NICOLAS
POWLETT, MARY POWLETT,
ELIZABETH, MARY, EDIGHT.
Heraldry. — On the wall at the back of the father and son
is a shield : — Sable, three swords in pile, the points in base,
argent, pomels and hilts or, Powlett. On the left of the
shield is a dexter arm in armour, gauntletted, brandishing a
Monumental Brasses.
195
sword, and on the right, a dexter hand, bare, holding a sword
bearing the label, gardes la foy (Keep the faith) — the Powlett
crest. Above the wife is a shield: — Sable, two bars ermine, in
chief three plates, a crescent for difference, Hungerford. On
the left is a garb between two sickles proper, rising from a
crown, on the right three sickles braced in a triangle with a
mullet in the centre. On the wall beneath of svfferans
COMES EASE. (142).
Fig. 142. Crests. 1620. Minety.
Illustrations. — None.
Portions Lost. — There is no inscription.
Memoir. — Rudder says : " I take this Nich's Powlett to
be second son of Sir Hugh Powlett, who died in the reign of
Queen Elizabeth, and was ancester to the present Earl
Poulet."
He married Mary, daughter of Thomas Hungerford, of
the Lea, Wiltshire. In the Visitation of Gloucestershire only
one son is mentioned, Amyas, of Thornbury, who married
Christian, daughter of Purnell, of Wooton. They
had one son, William, "4 yere old, 1623." There are no
Paulet entries in the Minety Parish Registers, and no inscrip-
tion, so the Rev. W. W. A. Butt, M.A., informs me.
lxxxi.— Cirencester.
Mr. John Gunter, 1624, set. 89, buried at Kintbury, Berks,
and wife, Alice, 1626, aet. 86. Jo. Plat, their son-in-law, and
executor pos. St. Catherine's Chapel. — Haines.
Position. — Lady Chapel.
Size. — 1 ft. 10 in. x 1 ft. 8£ in.
Description. — For the following account of this brass I am
indebted to a paper " On the Monumental Brasses at Ciren-
cester," by the Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A., and published in
the Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeo-
logical Society for 1877.
ig6
Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
1624.
"John Gunter and his wife are represented in the stiff
dresses of the latter part of the sixteenth and early part of
the seventeenth century, from Elizabeth's later years to the
beginning of Charles I.'s
reign. The man wears
a long furred robe, the
sleeves of which are or-
namented with velvet and
shewing the sleeves of the
doublet beneath. Around
his neck is a ruff, and frills
round his wrists, the head
is bare and the beard is
cut in the quaint and
formed way not uncom-
mon in the time of James
I. The woman wears a
broad brimmed hat (143),
a ruff round the neck,
and a stiff-bodied full-
buttoned dress with tight
sleeves. The inferiority of the execution of this brass to
those of earlier date is very apparent, and the attempt to
give the effect of shading by means of hatched lines is very
poor. It is, however, very usual in brasses of this and
subsequent periods."
The brass at Kintbury is an
exact copy of this brass, with the
exception of the inscription.
Inscription. — The inscription is
in capitals : —
MR. JOHN GUNTER AND ALICE HIS
WIFE BEING FULL AS OF YEARS
SO OF BOUNTY AND CHARITY ARE
GATHERED | TO THEIR FATHERS IN
PEACE. SHEE WAS HERE BURYED |
1 8° MARTII AO. DNI, 1626, AGED 86
YEARF.S. HEE WAS | BURYED AT KYNT-
BURY IN THE COUNTY OF BERKS | WITH THE LIKE MONUMENT 2D
JANVARII, AO. DNI | 1624, AGED 89 YEARS. | JOS. PLAT Ar.
EORONDM. GENER ET ExECR Hoc POSUIT.
Fig. 143. Alice Gunter.
Cirencester.
Fig. 144. Shield. 1624.
Kintbury.
Monumental Brasses. 197
Heraldry. — The shield is lost at Cirencester, but fortu-
nately it still remains at Kintbury, where it is charged: —
Sable, three sinister gauntlets argent, with a crescent for
difference. Gunter. (144)-
Illustrations. — None.
Portions lost. — Shield.
Memoir. — By the kindness of the Rev. A. W. H. Edwards,
M.A., Vicar of Kintbury, I copied the following from the
Kintbury Registers: — " 1624, John Gunter, gent' was buried
the second day of January." Tradition says his brother was
slain in trying to save John Hampden, at the Battle of
Chalgrave Field, June, 1643.
lxxxii.— Bristol, St James.
Henry Gibbes and wife Ann, not recorded by Haines.
Size. — 1 ft. 7 in. x 2 ft. 2 in.
Description. — Henry Gibbes has short hair, beard, and
moustache. Around his neck is a widely plaited frill. His
gown is long with fur edged and short full sleeves also edged
with fur. The sleeve of the doublet is seen from the elbow,
at the wrist is a frill. His shoes are low with high heels.
Behind him kneel four sons with curly hair, beard and
moustache. One son has a collar with a frilled edge both at
neck and wrists, and others have plain collars. They wear
loose cloaks with wide lappets. The doublet is shewn, also
the shoes with high heels.
Ann Gibbes is wearing a low hat with a wide brim
depressed before and behind. A wide frill is round her neck
and on her shoulders a cape. The sleeves of her dress are
moderately lull with turned down cuffs with escalloped edges
at the wrist. Her dress is long and flowing. The four
daughters kneeling behind her are dressed like their mother
except that one wears a cap with brim turned back, thus
showing her face.
The husband is represented much larger in size than his
wife. They were all kneeling with hands upraised in prayer.
Between husband and wife, who kneel on cushions, is a table
draped, and on it a reading desk with a book before each.
Over the desk is a winged skull bearing an hour-glass (145).
Monumental Brasses. 199
Inscription. — Beneath is this inscription : —
HERE LYETH YE BODY OF HENRY GIBBES SOME TIME MAYER
& I ALLDERMAN OF THIS CITTY WHO HAD ISSVE BY ANN HIS
WIFE 4 I SONNES & 4 DAVGHTERS HEE DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE
I9TH DAY I OF MAY ANNO D'NI : 1636 : AGED 73 |
ALSO HERE LYETH YE BODY OF ANN GIBBES WIFE VNTO
YE J ABOVE NAMED HENRY GIBBES WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE
THE I5TH DAY OF DECEMB' I ANNO DNI 163I. AGED JO.
Illustrations. — None.
Portions lost. — None.
Memoir. — Henry Gibbs, brewer, resided in St. James'
Back, at that time a very different neighbourhood to the
present, as the remains of mediaeval mansions testify. He was
a son of W. Gibbes. Bedminster. He married Anne, the
sister of Matthew Warren, and was Mayor in 1624 His
third son Philip went to Barbadoes and was ancestor of Sir
Philip Gibbs, Bart. During his official year it was ordered
that "no burgess of this city should buy any merchandise from
strangers within the liberties of this city on pain to lose 12
pence on every pound." His daughter Elizabeth married
Thomas Lloyd, Mary married Richard Neathaway, Margaret
married William Bird, and the fourth daughter married
Walter Stevens, the leader of the iconoclastic mob who, in 1642,
destroyed the Virgin Mary Chapel on Bristol Bridge.
"On his route from Plymouth to London, Galigha, a
Turkish Pasha, arrived in Bristol, March 31st, and was royally
entertained by the Mayor, Henry Gibbes." — Bristol Past and
Present.
Summary.
The Monumental Brasses are scattered all over the county
of Gloucester, from Clifford Chambers in the north to Bristol
in the south, from Lechlade in the east to Micheldean in the
west. A^ may be anticipated, the parish churches of the
Woolstaplers at Chipping Campden, Cirencester and North-
leach, contain many more Brasses than occur in other parts
of the county. The city of Gloucester, with its magnificent
cathedral, is not well represented on the list — matrices tell the
sad tale of spoliation.
The Brasses may be divided into the following classes: —
I. ECCLESIASTICAL.
Nameless Priest (21), c. 1460, Temple Church, Bristol,
p. 58; Robert Lond (22), 1461, St. Peter's, Bristol, p. 58;
Ralph Parsons (29), 1478, Cirencester, p. 75; Priest (31),
c. 1480, Cirencester, p. 81 ; eldest son of John and Elyn
Hampton (46) c. 1510, Minchinhampton, whilst their eldest
daughter, Dame Alice, is habited as a nun, p. no ; Priest (53),
c. 1520, Dowdeswell, p. 124; William Lawnder (61), c. 1530,
Northleach, p. 139; These call for no special comment with
the exception of Priest (31), c. 1480, Cirencester, who is in a
cassock.
II. MILITARY.
Thomas, 4th Lord Berkeley (2), 1392, Wotton-under-
Edge, p. 2; Sir Morys Russel (8), 1401, Dyrham, p. 25;
Richard Dixton (12), 1438, Cirencester, p. 33; Man in
Armour (16), c. 1445, Newland, p. 44; William Prelatte
(24), 1462, Cirencester, p. 62 ; Philip Mede (27), 1475, St.
Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 69 ; John Tame (40), 1500, Fairford,
p. 98 ; Morys and Sir Walter Denys (44), 1505, Olveston,
p. 106; Roger Porter, (56), 1523, Newent, p. 129; Sir
Summary. 201
Edmond Tame (62 & 63), 1534, Fairford, p. 141; Sir John
Greville (65), 1546, Weston-upon-Avon, p. 158 ; Sir Edward
Greville, (66), 1559, Weston-upon-Avon, p. 162 ; Hercules
Raynsford (70), 1583, Clifford Chambers, p. 172; Nicholas
Poulett (80), c. 1620, Minety, p. 194.
III. JUDICIAL.
Sir John Cassey (4), 1400, Deerhurst, p. to ; Sir John Juyn
(13), 1439, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 37 ; Sir William
Greville (47), 1513, Cheltenham, p. 113; John Brook (55),
1522, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 127.
John Edward (23), 1461, Rodmarton, is termed in lege peritus.
IV. CIVILIAN (excluding children).
Civilian (3), 1396, Temple Church, Bristol, p. 9 ; Wine
Merchant (?), (5), c. 1400, Cirencester, p. 16; Wool Merchant
(6), c. 1400, Northleach, p. 19 ; William Grevel (7), 1401,
Chipping Campden, p. 21 ; John Barstaple (9), 141 1, Trinity
Almshouses, Bristol, p. 28 ; Robert Page (14), 1440, Ciren-
cester, p. 39 ; Reginald Spycer (15), 1442, Cirencester, p. 42 ;
Thomas Fortey, William Scors (17), 1447, Northleach, p. 48;
William Welley (18), 1450, Chipping Campden, p. 51 ; John
Townsend (19), c. 1450, Lechlade, p. 52 ; John Fortey (20),
1458, Northleach, p. 54 ; John Lethenard (25), 1467, Chipping
Campden, p. 66; William Notyngham (26), c. 1470. Cirences-
ter, p. 68; Thomas Rowley (28), 1478, St. John, Bristol, p. 73;
John Jay (30), c. 1480, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 76 ; Civilian
(32), c. 1480, Cirencester, p. 81 ; William Gybbys (33), 1484,
Chipping Campden, p. S2 ; Woolman (35), c . 1485, Northleach,
p. 87; John Taylour (36), c. 1490, Northleach, p. 89; John
Ceysyll (37), 1493, Tormarton, p. 91 ; John Benet (38), 1497,
Cirencester, p. 94; John Camber (39), 1497, Sevenhampton,
p. 95 ; Civilian (42), c. 1500, Minchinhampton, p. 103 ; Robert
Serche (43), 1501, Northleach, p. 105; John Twinyhow
(45), c. 1510, Lechlade, p. 109 ; Edward Halyday (51), 1519,
Minchinhampton, p. 122 ; W7alter Hichman (54), 1521,
Kempsford, p. 126; William Freme (58), 1526, Berkeley, p.
132 ; Thomas Bushe (59), 1526, Northleach, p. 135 ; John
Seames (63a), 1540, St. John, Gloucester, p. 149 ; John Cook
202 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
(64), 1544, Crypt Church, Gloucester, p. 154; Richard Coton
(67), 1560, Whittington, p. 163 ; Nicholas Thorne (68), 1570,
Grammar School, Bristol, p. 165 ; William Gyttyns (71), 1586,
St. Werburgh, Bristol, p. 176; Philip Marner (72), 1587,
Cirencester, p. 177 ; William Hodges (73), 1590, Weston-sub-
Edge, p. 179; Alexander Staples (74), 1590, Yate, p. 180;
William Norwoodd (75), c. 1598, Leckhampton, p. 181 ;
Richard Pyrke (78), 1609, Abbenhall, p. 190; William Molton
(79), 1614, Todenham, p. 192 ; John Gunter (81), 1624, Ciren-
cester, p. 195 ; Henry Gibbes (82), 1636, St. James, Bristol,
p. 197.
V. LADIES (excluding children).
These may be divided into two classes : (a) those who are
represented by themselves ; (b) those who are with their
husbands.
(a) Lady (1) c. 1370, Winterbourne, p. 1 ; Isabella
Barstaple (10), c. 1411, Trinity Almshouses, Bristol, p. 28;
Joan Clopton (11), c. 1430, Quinton, p. 30; Lady, Palimpsest
(21), c. 1460, Temple Church, Bristol, p. 58; Mary and Alice,
wives of Thomas Baynham (34), c. 1485, Micheldean, p. 83 ;
Katharine Sewell (48), 15 15, Bisley, p. 115; Elizabeth Knevet
(49), 1518, Eastington. p. 117; Alys and Agnes, wives of
William Henshawe (50), 15 19, St. Michael, Gloucester, p. 119;
Lady (52), c. 1520, Deerhurst, p. 124 ; Elizabeth Rowdon (57),
1525, Deerhurst, p. 131 ; Two Ladies (60), c. 1530, Ciren-
cester, p. 138; Avice Tyndall (69), 1571, Thornbury, p. 169;
Elizabeth Marrowe (76), 1601, Clifford Chambers, p. 185;
Anne Savage (77), 1605, Wormington, p. 187.
(b) Margaret, wife of Lord Berkeley (2), 1392, Wotton-
under-Edge, p. 2; Alice Cassy (41, 1400, Deerhurst, p. 10;
Margaret (5), c. 1400, Cirencester, p. 16; Wife (6),
c. 1400, Northleach, p. 19; Marion Grevel (7), 1401, Chipping
Campden, p. 21; Isabel Russel (8), 1401, Dyrham, p. 25 ;
Margaret Page (14), 1440, Cirencester, p. 39 ; Margaret
Juliana, Margaret, Joan Spycer (15), 1442, Cirencester, p. 42 ;
Wife (16), c. 1445, Newland, p. 44 ; Agnes Scors (17), 1447,
Northleach, p. 48; Alice Welley (18), 1450, Chipping Campden,
p. 51 ; ..Townsend (19), c. 1450, Lechlade, p. 52 ; Agnes
and Joan Prelatte (24), 1462, Cirencester, p. 62 ; Joan
Lethenard (25), 1467, Chipping Campden, p. 66 ; Cristina
Summary. 203
Nottingham (26), c. 1470, Cirencester, p. 68; and
Isabel Mede (27), 1475, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 69 ;
Margaret Rowley (28), 1478, St. John, Bristol, p. 28; Joan
Jay (30), c. 1480, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 76 ; Wife (32),
c. 1480, Cirencester, p. 81 ; Alice, Margaret and Marion
Gybbys (33), 1484, Chipping Campden, p. 82; Wife (35), c.
1485, Northleach, p. 87; Joan Taylour (36), c. 1490, North-
leach, p. 89; Agnes Benet (38), 1497, Cirencester, p. 94;
Alice Tame (40), 1500, Fairford, p. 98; Wife (42), c. 1500,
Minchinhampton, p. 103 ; Anne Serche (43), 1501, Northleach,
p. 105 ; Elyn Hampton (46), c. 1510, Minchinhampton, p.
no; Greville (47), 1513, Cheltenham, p. 113; Mar-
gery Halyday (51), 1519, Minchinhampton, p. 122; Crestyan
Hichman (54), 1521, Kempsford, p. 126; Joan Brook (55),
1522, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 127; Joan Bushe (59),
1526, Northleach, p. 135 ; Agnes and Elizabeth Tame (62,
63)> I534> Fairford, p. 141 ; Elizabeth and Agnes Seames
63A), 1540, St. John, Gloucester, p. 149 ; Joan Cook (64),
1544, Crypt Church, Gloucester, p. 154; Margaret Coton
(67), 1560, Whittington, p. 163; Mary and Bridget Thorne
(68), 1570, Grammar School, Bristol, p. 165; Elizabeth
Raynsford (70), 1583, Clifford Chambers, p. 172 ; Mary
Gyttyns (71), 1586, St. Werburgh, Bristol, p. 176 ; Avis and
Elizabeth Staples (74), 1590, Yate, p. 180 ; Elizabeth Nor-
woodd (75). c. 1598, Leckhampton, p. 181 ; Joan Pyrke (78),
1609, Abbenhall, p. 190 ; Millicent Molton (79), 1614, Toden-
ham, p. 192; Mary Poulett (80), c. 1620, Minety, p. 194;
Alice Gunter (81), 1626, Cirencester, p. 195 ; Ann Gibbes
(82), 1636, Bristol, St. James, p. 197.
VI. CHILDREN.
Robert Page (14) has fourteen children, p. 39 ; On Thomas
Fortey's brass (17) are eight children, p. 48 ; John Jay (30) has
fourteen children, p. 76 ; William Gybbys (33) has thirteen
children, p. 82 ; Woolman (35) has four children, p. 87 ; John
Taylour (36) has fifteen children, p. 89 ; Robert Serche (43)
has four children, p. 105 ; John Hampton (46) has nine
children, p. no ; Sir William Greville (47) has eleven children,
p. 113; Katherine Sewell (48) has twelve children, p. 115;
Walter Hichman (54) has four children, p. 126 ; Sir Edmond
204 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
Tame (62) has five children, p. 141 ; Nicholas Thorne (68)
has ten children, p. 165 ; Hercules Raynsford (70) has three
children, p. 172; William Gyttyns (71) has ten children, p.
176; Alexander Staples (74) has eleven children, p. 180;
William Norwoodd (75) has eleven children, p. 181 ; Elizabeth
Marrowe (76) has one child, p. 185; Anne Savage (77) has
one child, p. 187; Richard Pyrke (78) has two children, p.
190; Nicholas Poulett (80) has four children, p. 194; Henry
Gibbes (82) has eight children, p. 197.
See the inscription to John Seames (63a), the father of
six and twenty, p. 152.
VII. ECCENTRIC.
Two of the brasses may be recorded under this head : John
and Elyn Hampton (46) are in shrouds, p. no; and Anne
Savage (77) is in bed, p. 187.
VIII. CANOPIES.
Groined canopies may be seen on Wine Merchant (5), p. 16,
John Jay (30), p. 76 ; John Cook (64), p. 154. Canopies are
also shewn on Sir John Cassy (4), p. 10 ; William Grevel (7),
p. 21 ; Sir Morys Russel (8), p. 25 ; John Barstaple (9) and
Isabella Barstaple (10), p. 28; Joan Clopton (n), p. 30;
Richard Dixton (12), p. 33 ; Robert Page (14), p. 39 ; Thomas
Fortey (17), p. 48 ; John Fortey (20), p. 54; John Jay (30),
p. 76 ; Thomas Bushe (59), p. 135. This last is a very interest-
ing example.
IX. COATS OF ARMS.
Sir John Cassy (4), p. 10 ; Wine Merchant (5), p. 16 ;
William Grevel (7), a merchant's mark appears on the same
memorial, p. 21 ; Sir Morys Russel (8), p. 25 ; Isabella
Barstaple (9), p. 28; Joan Clopton (n), p. 30; Richard
Dixton (12), p. 33; Sir John Juyn (13), p. 37; Man in
Armour (16), the crest is worthy of notice, it represents a
"free-miner," p. 44; Philip Mede (27), p. 69; Thomas
Rowley (28), also a merchant's mark, p. 73 ; John Tame (40),
p. 98 ; Morys Denys (44), p. 106 ; Elizabeth Knevet (49), p.
117; Roger Porter (56) p. 129 ; Thomas Bushe (59), Arms of
the Merchants of the Staple of Calais, p. 135 ; Sir Edmond
Summary.
205
Tame (62 and 63), p. 141 ; Sir John Greville (65), p. 158 ;
Sir Edward Greville (66), p. 162 ; Nicholas Thorne (68), p.
165 , Hercules Raynsford (70), p. 172 ; William Norwoodd
(75)> P- I8i ; Elizabeth Marrowe (76), p. 185 ; Anne Savage
(77), p. 187; William Molton (79), p. 192 ; Nicholas Poulett
(80), p. 194.
For a list of those whose armorial bearings are blazoned
see the Index s.v. Heraldry.
X. MERCHANTS' MARKS.
William Grevel (7), p. 21 ; John Barstaple (9), p. 28 ;
Robert Page (14), p. 39 ; Reginald Spycer (15), p. 42 ■ John
Fortey (20), p. 54 ; Thomas Rowley (28), p. 73 ; John Jay
(30), p. 76 ; Woolman (35), p. 87 ; John Taylour (36), p. 89 ;
John Twinyhow (45), p. 109 ; Edward Halyday (51), p. 122 ,
Walter Hichman (54), p. 126; Thomas Bushe (59), p. 135.
XI. BREAKS IN INSCRIPTIONS.
Sir John Cassy (4), p. 10; Joan Clopton (nj, p. 30;
Sir John Juyn (13), p. 37; Thomas Fortey (17), p. 48 ; John
Ceysyll (37), p. 91.
LOST BRASSES.
Among one of the most painful duties which may fall to
the chronicler is to deplore what is lost. With monumental
brasses one has often the melancholy satisfaction of seeing
the matrix, or indent, or casement of the brass ; and one can
from these indents call up vividly the shape of the brass, and
oftentime fill in the blank space with the incised memento of
the departed worthy.
The Rev. H. Haines records that the brasses have been
" lost at Bishop's Cleeve, Churchdown, Painswick, and St.
John the Baptist, Gloucester. At Churcham is the matrix of
a large cross 14th Century." Fortunately portions of one of
those lost at St. John the Baptist, Gloucester, have been
found, and are described see p. 149.
MATRICES.
The following remarks are arranged under the names of
the places where the brasses originally were. In some
instances the matrices are left, and are noticed ; in the re-
maining ones the descriptions taken from the County Histories
are given.
UBafcrninton.
" There is a grey marble flatstone, inlaid with brass, upon
which are engraved the figures of two knights; in a scutcheon,
a lion rampant, and round the edge, in old black letters,
IRaCuilpbus J6ottlei\ /JIMlCS Domtnus."— Rudder.
The Vicar, Rev. G. H. Ford, B.A., writes under date
4th January, 1898: "There is no trace of any brasses in
Badminton Church."
JStsbop's Cleeve.
Rudder says : " There is also the figure of a military
person upon a brass plate fixt on a stone in the chancel, with
Lost Brasses.
207
his arms, three piles, and this inscription in old character: —
armigcr qui obiit un&ecfmo Die mensts Juhj
niocccoljjo quinto cujus aie p'pfcietuc Dciis amen."
Atkyns records : " There is an effigies, in the chancel, of a
soldier in brass, who died 1370."
The Rev. Thos. Jesson, M.A., under date January 6th,
1898, informs me that he can find no traces of any old brass
in Bishop's Cleeve Church.
Cburcbam.
Not mentioned by Rudder, but Haines chronicles a large
XIV cent, cross.
The Rev. W. J. Selby, under date January 4th, 1898,
writes: "I cannot find any trace of the cross; the church
has, however, been twice restored since 1861 (once in conse-
quence of fire), and consequently a great deal of the old work
is gone."
Gburcbbown.
Not mentioned by Rudder.
Cirencester.
A. — An angel and lily pot, c. 1460, man, wife and children
lost, north aisle. — Haines.
In the north aisle is a slab measuring 36m. x 30m., the lily
pot is in situ, there are indents, one on each side, and below the
indents of the heads of man and wife.
Possibly when Mr. Haines saw the slab
it was more perfect. On the pillar near is
the Angel Gabriel, and careful measure-
ment shews that it will fit the indent on
the left of the lily pot, and most probably
there was a representation of the Virgin
Mary on the opposite side, the whole
composition representing the Annunciation.
The Angel nimbed is three-quarters face
and turned to his right and holding a
mace in his right hand and a book in his
left. The lily pot much resembles a modern
cream jug and three sprays of flowering
lilies are in it (146).
Fig 146. Lily Pot,
. 1460. Cirencester.
208 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
B. — A civilian and wife, circa 1500, with four sons, one in
academicals, and three daughters, between them a pot of lilies
mutilated ; the wife, daughters and lily pot (which is loose),
are now on the same slab with two female effigies ; inscription
lost, mural. St. Catharine Chapel. Probably John Avenyng,
1501, and wife Alice, relations, of Bishop Ruthall, of Dur-
ham, born at Cirencester, whose mother's name wasAvening."
— Haines.
A rubbing of the brass when in situ has been kindly lent me
by Mr. Mill Stephenson, F.S.A. (147). Unfortunately it is not
known when it was rubbed, but it was at one time in the Rev.
H. Haines's collection. It was not made by him, for when he
chronicled the brasses the various portions had been dispersed.
Kneeling at a prie-dieu is the husband, John Avenyng.
His hair long, but cut across the forehead ; the face is clean
shaven. His gown is long and covers his feet, though he is
kneeling ; it is thrown open in front, but the usual fur facing
does not appear. The sleeves are long and very open and
deep at the wrists. The lappet on the left hand is thrown
over the cushion and thus is shewn. His vest or under-
garment appears both at the throat and wrists ; his hands are
uplift in prayer. On the prie-dieu lies an open book which
nearly covers the desk, the supports are so arranged as to
have Gothic arches. Four sons kneel behind him. They are
similarly habited to the father, except one wears a hood over
his shoulders. Their hands are not clasped in prayer, only
the tips of the fingers meeting in two instances, the youngest
simply raises his hands, and the one immediately behind the
father is so much hidden by the son in academicals that only
his head and shoulder appear.
Facing this group is another consisting of the mother and
her three daughters. Like her husband she is kneeling to a
prie-dieu, but of different construction, the arch is round and
not Gothic. Near is a flower, emblem of the Resurrection.
As the head is turned to the left the lappet hanging behind is
clearly seen ; all the lappets are plain. Her dress is long and
plain ; at the neck it is turned down to form a square collar.
Its sleeves are tight fitting and the cuffs being reflexed shew
the fur lining ; it is tied at the waist by a long sash. Behind
her kneel three daughters, with hair flowing freely below the
waist. They wear loose gowns, with small collars ; the
147- Civilian and Wife, c. 1500 Cirencester.
2io Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
sleeves are narrow, with bell-shaped cuffs. They have each
loose hip girdle fastened by three rosettes, from which hangs
a chain with an ornamental pendant. Each wears a plain cap
fastened by a rosette on the forehead. Both mother and
daughters have their hands clasped in prayer.
From the husband proceeds a label inscribed :
5'cta Griuitas unus Beus.
No label is shewn over the wife.
Above the groups are three sprays of lilies which appear
to have been rubbed as they were placed on the slab. It has
been suggested that these originally sprang from a lily pot,
but there is no trace of one on the rubbing (147).
We regret to say that this memorial has become separated
from its original matrix ; a part is on one of the pillars
dividing the chancel, another piece is on the floor, and someislost.
Memoir. — In 1673 " Mr. Thomas Carles, Minister of
God's word in that place, i.e., Cirencester, copied the epitaphs
in the church. On his list appears : —
Sub boc tumulo requiescuut Corpora 3-obannts Bvenfitig et
Blicia: 111*0 ejus qui obterunt jiiij oie Hprilis B.D. 1501, auD bao
viij cbilDreu.
He records that this epitaph was in " St. Katherine's
Chappell." In his will John directed that his body should be
buried in the Chapel of St. Katherine. Leland says that
Alice gave 100 marks towards the building of the south porch.
Bishop Ruthall, of Durham, was her sister's son. Her name,
in old English letters, is borne on a fess across her monu-
mental shield with a woman's head between the words, and
appears on the capital of one of the pillars on the north side
of the south aisle.
C. — "On a flatstone, engraved on brass, in the South aisle,
are the effigies of a man and woman. On labels proceeding
from their mouths : —
/Hbercg ©00 of mv> mtsDeeDe — Xao\* bclp at ntg most ueeDe.
On a brass plate under their feet :
IRegse gracious XZbec to euoless Igfe
St tbg qrete oome wbere all scball aperc
tuigbe IWorES ©roc auo 3obau bss wgf nowe oeoe iu grave
auo bergeo bere
J^o' p'gers oesyriug tbcre souls for tbere tbe £ oav> of 3ul£
tbe gere our Xoro <3oo m°cccccjjfj.
The above verses are engraved on the plate in a continued
form, like prose." — Rudder
Lost Brasses.
211
Fig 148. Vase, Cirencester.
Rev. Thos. Carles, in his " Short
Notes," 1673, adds that he was
buried July 10th, 1529, and had six
children. Of this memorial the in-
scription only is left, and that has
been torn from its slab and fixed on
a pillar.
D.— Oi this elegant vase (148) I
have no information, and the brass
has disappeared.
E. — The Rev. Thomas Carles re-
ports : " At the upper end of the south ayle there was
lately in brass this monkish distich: —
iffcun&e vale, tibt vef fuciiens me, Mint scquerec te
Gu sequerts mobo me, flfcun&e vale, tibt ve.
i"
Stollen B.D. 1672L
Sacrilege- poenam, ipecnitentiam
1 optat Gbomas Carles 1
"I suppose" (sayeth Mr. Carles) "this following epitaph
was intended as its translation on a brass in the middle
ayle : —
Margaret Hooper, wife to Henry Hooper, was buried here
March the 4th, 1601.
Oh ! wretched world, vaine and unsure !
As I am fled from thee ;
So, mayst thou die within an houre,
Then thou shalt follow met."
Cubberlei?.
One shield, all that remains of the brass of Sir Giles
Bruges, c. 151 1, and wife Isabel, daughter of Thomas
Baynham, with three sons and four (?) daughters. Mural,
south chancel. — Haines.
On the south wall of the south aisle is the solitary
remnant of the brass. It originally measured 27 ft. 9 in. x
2 ft. 3 in., but all has disappeared except a shield in upper
sinister corner.
The husband had his wife on his left hand, his head
was resting on a heaume, but I am unable to particularise any
212 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
other details either of husband or wife. Beneath the figures
was a fillet of brass which contained the inscription, below
this are the matrices of two groups of children, seemingly
three sons and three daughters. At each corner of the slab
were shields, but only the one at the upper sinister corner,
ie., above the wife, remains (149). This shield bears : —
Quarterly, 1st and 4th Argent, on a cross sable a leopard's
head, or, bridges, 2nd, Or, a pile, gules; de chandos. 3rd
Argent, a fess between martlets,
uunyi sable ; Berkeley of Coberley — im-
JK re^ paling quarterly, 1st Gules, a chevron
•w yjb between three bulls' heads cabossed,
'• \ei argent ; baynham. 2nd Gules, on a
1 J bend ermine, a talbot passant guard-
B4Mr$3/ anti or • walwyn. 3rd Paly or and
SwTkvvL^T vert 9 goutes de sang; grendouk
■^f C?7 (old). 4th a fess between three (and
I Mm}' not as 'n Bigland •S7A) cross crosslets,
^sj^^ gules, grendour (new). (149).
"The shield tells the history of
the Bridges' family as far as it
goes : —
Thomas Berkeley, the last male representative of the
Coberley branch of the Berkeleys of Dursley, the tenant of
the Berkeley Honor under William I., William II., Henry I.
and Stephen, married Joan the daughter and heiress of Sir
John de Chandos and had two daughters, co-heiresses, Mar-
garet, wife of Nicholas de Mattesden (Matson) and Alice wife
of Thomas de Bruges or Bridges. Giles, the great grandson
of Thomas and Alice Bruges, married Isabella, daughter and
heiress of Thomas Barynham, by Alice his wife, daughter
and heiress of — Walwyn, and grand-daughter of Walwyn by
his wife — daughter of John Grendour of Abbenhall."
For the above I acknowledge my indebtedness to the Rev.
W. Bazeley, M.A., Rector of Matson.
For an account of the above mentioned Thomas and Alice
Baynham, of Micheldean, see p. 86.
Sir Giles Bruges by his will in P.C.C. 21 Fetiplace, dated
Nov. 20th, 151 1, orders " his body to be buried in the Chapel
of Coberley, and that a priest have ten marks for singing his
Requiem." Collins, Tit. Chandos, Vol. II., p. 247. See also
Fig 149.
Shield, c. 1511. Cubberley
Lost Brasses. 213
Nicholas's " Vetusta Monumental p. 498. His son John was
nine years old at his father's death.
Dumbleton.
" In the north cross aisle, upon a flat stone, under the
figures of a man and woman in brass, is this inscription in
old characters : —
©rate p' at a bus imitllt ©astern ftlit 3obis Dastou ct Bnna:
ujorts ejus qui qutDem TAMIius obttt anno Dirt ffltlltmo
ccccuiiii° quor aiab5 p'picietur &eus." — Rudder.
The Rev. C. H. Fairfax, under date January 5th, 1898,
writes : " I see some traces of what may be the matrix of a
brass, but the piece of stone remaining is only about 18
inches square and very much broken."
Gloucester Catbeoral.
" Before this alteration [to the Choir, in 1741] there were
five other large grave-stones found, to which Brass plates were
fixed, long since torn off, three of which belonged to some of
the abbats.:' — Rudder.
A Guidt to the Cathedral Church of Gloucester, by the Rev.
H. Haines, M.A., p. 58, says: — "In the south transept are
some brassless slabs —
One a figure in armour, two feet long, c. 1450. (a)
Another, two figures under canopies, c. 1500, with imple-
ments of trade (?), having handles inserted above, the lower
parts of the slab chiselled down for an inscription, 1753. (b)
A third in St. John the Baptist's Chapel (7ft. 3m. x 3ft. 3 in.)
with the figure of an Abbot (3ft. 8in. long) under a single
canopy, with a marginal inscription, probably for John Brown,
1514, usually ascribed to Walter Froucester, but the style
seems too late, [c)
A slab (7ft. Sin. x 4 ft.) with incised cross, the scroll on the
stem probably bore the name of Thomas Goold, and is now
obliterated.
In the north transept are three brassless slabs : —
One (8ft. x 3ft.), a priest or abbot, c. 1330, under a
triple canopy, the Lombardic inscription around nearly ob-
literated, (d)
A second (8ft. nin. x 3ft. 5m.), a priest in cope in the head
of a long cross, (e)
214 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
A third, much worn, (gft. 3m. x 3 ft. io^in.)an abbot under
a single canopy surrounded by an inscription. (/). From its
position it would seem to be the memorial of Thos. Horton,
1377, or John Boyffield, 1381, precentor and "superior operis,"
or superintendent of the building of the north transept, under
Horton, but the indent of the mitre shews it to be more
likely that of Walter Froucester, 141 2.
Other brassless slabs remain in the Lady Chapel and
east walk of the cloister."
" In 1 741 were destroyed part of the screen in the nave
and chapels. Before these alterations there were 5 large
gravestones, stripped of their Brasses, of which three at least
belonged to abbot. (Funis/ s MSS. in the Bodleian Lib., pp.
582-3). Perhaps one of these gravestones commemorated
Adam de Elmeleye, a monk of St. Peter's, who, on account of
his sanctity, was buried at the request of the people in front of
the altar of the Holy Cross, in 1273. Many miracles were said
to have been afterwards wrought at his grave." (Do. p. 66).
" On Duke Robert's gravestone hath been a cross in brass
now torn off which was lately taken away. Furne/s MSS.,
p. 582. (Do).
These are all the indents of Brasses representing persons
I noticed on visiting the Cathedral in December, 1897. The
other "brassless slabs" mentioned in Haines's Guide most
probably contained inscription plates only.
South transept :
a. The figure was represented in complete plate armour
with sword hanging perpendicularly and the inscription at
foot. The slab is a very large one, the figure was 2ft. 3m. long.
b. Part only of the slab remains, and this measures 4ft. x
3ft. 6in. The heads of husband and wife are under a double
canopy crocketted and cusped with pinnacles at sides and in
centre. No marginal inscription shewn.
c. Chapel. The abbot was under a single canopy with
pinnacles at the side, and a marginal inscription ; the head
of the crook is turned inwards.
North transept :
d. As far as I could make out, the slab being much
perished, the abbot lay under a single canopy with pinnacles
on each side. Marginal inscription. Slab is cracked, and
measures 7ft. gin. x 2ft. 7m.
Lost Brasses. 215
e. This slab is in very fair condition, though cracked
across the middle. The head of the floriated cross in which
was a priest, measures 3ft. in diameter. The inscription was
at foot. There were seven crockets round the head and three
pairs on the stern. The cross is 6ft. long.
/. Slab partly under railing. ? Abbot under canopy,
pinnacles marginal inscription. Very much perished.
Gloucester— St. 3o\m Baptist.
" Upon an ancient stone, with a large engraving on brass,
are the effigies of a man in armour, and a woman attired in
her proper habit. The man has a sword by his side, his
spurs on, and at his feet a greyhound couchant.
Here lies John Briggs and Agnes his wife,
He died 19th April, 1483, and she a little time after.
God give them joy and everlasting life,
That pray for John Briggs and Agnes his wife." — Counsel.
Gloucester— 5t /ifcan? oe Crppt
" In the south chancel against the south wall a mural
monument, the inscription and crosses on brass torn off,
supposed to be for the founder of this chapel." — Rudder.
Ibawfcesburs-
During the restoration of the church in 1882. the matrix
of a priest was discovered, and is now in the sacrarium. I
regret to say that I have not seen a rubbing of it, nor is the
brass mentioned in the county histories.
5rou Hctou-
The Rev. G. H. Browne writes under date, January 8th,
1898 :— " There are one or two flat tombstones in this church,
which have once had Brasses let into them ; one a Poyntz
memorial and another, that of a former rector or priest."
Unfortunately I have not been able to find time to go to Iron
Acton and have not any rubbings of these indents.
/HMucbiubamptott.
* Upper half of female effigy, c. 1530, loose. — Haines.
No trace of this was left when I rubbed the other Brasses
in this church.
"This signified that Haines had not seen this Brass.
216 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
IRewlanfc.
Not in Rudder. A figure in full armour, head resting on a
helmet ; a child on each side. 34^in. x 2oin.
IRortbleacb-
Wm. Bicknell, 1500 and wife Margaret, 1493, founders of
chancel in 1489 ; all lost but 2 sons and 2 daughters. South
chancel. Haines.
Fig. 150. Children. 1500. Northleach.
William Bicknell built the south chapel in the year 1489 ;
he and his wife lie buried therein. — Athyns.
jpainswicfe-
Against the north wall of the Chantry Chapel is a large
altar tomb of Purbeck marble. On the wall were the
kneeling effigies in brass of Sir William Kingston and Eliza-
beth his wife, with scrolls proceeding from their mouths to a
Trinity. Above Sir William's head a shield surrounded by the
garter, and above his wife's also a shield. On the canopy of
the tomb four shields, round the verge was the inscription, the
front of the base of the tomb has three panels, in each of
which was a shield, also a shield in the panel at each end.
The slab of the tomb has been utilised as the resting place of the
effigies of Dr. Seaman and his wife; he died in 1623, aged 59,
and had originally a monument at the east end of the chancel.
The following account is taken from the Ashmole MS.
(11 18, fol. 97) in the Bodleian Library:
" In ye church of Painswick in Glouc. shire.
In ye north Isle.
On a tumbe there was ye proportion of a man in brasse
kneeling, habited in ye Garment of a Kt. of ye Garter, hauing
Lost Brasses. 21 7
yc crosse of St. Georg on his right shoulder with yc garter
about it and this inscription vnder him : —
Vnder this .... tumbe lyeth buryed yc bodye of Sir
Wyllyam Kyngston, Knight of yc Order of the Garter, one of yc
Kynges Maiesties priuye councell Vice-Chamberlayne to the
Kynges Highnes, Comptroller of ye Kyng's most honourable
Household, Constable of ye tower, Captayne of ye Gard, who
departed this present world ye XIII. of [May] in yc yeare of
our Lord God MDXL., and in ye XXXII. year of ye dread
soueraigne lord Kyng Henry ye VIII. , and also Dame Elizabeth
his wife, on whose soules God have mercye.
This inscription with ye proportion, being tore off from yc
Tumbe, 1644 or thereabouts by soldiers, Mr. Joh. Theyer,
of Cooper's hill, near Glouc. (whose wife is descended from yc
said Sr. Will.) obtained it and keepeth it to this day."
His will is in P.C.C., F. 32, Alenger. " My body to be
buried in the next church to the place where I die." The
widow in her will desires to be buried at Painswick, with my
late husband, Sir William Kingston, Knight of the Honourable
Order of the Garter. Dame Mary Kingston's will is in P.C.C.,
F. 23, Popuhvell.
Possibly Elizabeth is a mistake for Dame Mary Kingston,
who was formerly Jernyngham.
Ashmole is in his History of the Order of the Garter (1715),
describes the arms thus : — Azure, a fesse between 3 leopards'
faces, or.
(Huinton.
Thos. de Rous, Esq., of Ragley, 1499, and wife of Matilda;
worn, effigies lost, chancel. — Haines.
The late Mr. J. D. T. Niblett, F.S.A., kindly gave me
a rubbing of the inscription, which reads thus : —
** ©rate s'palit' p aiat>3 .... nup' oe IRaglcp. armigeri
et I matiloe ujoris .... an' D'ni in | cccc nonages*' none.
Sit r lans & gV | ia . . . vita eterna."
which may be translated : —
Pray specially for the souls of [Thomas de Rous] late of
Ragley, Esq., and of Margaret, his wife .... A.D.,
1499. May praise and giory be to Christ . . . life eternal,
In P.C.C., 39, Home is the will of Thomas Rowse, gent.,
Qwynton, Gloucester, and dated 1499.
2 1 3 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
StoMnaton St- peter-
Rudder : "There is a large grey stone in the chancel, which
had once the effigy of a man in armour upon it, said to have
been intended for one of the Langleys, but the brass is now
torn off."
Bigland : " In the North Wall of this Chapel [Langley's]
are three Niches that have had brass figures and Inscriptions,
but now entirely gone."
The wills of the following members of the Langley family
are in the P.C.C. : —
1490. Langley, Edmond, squier, Sudington Petre, Glou-
cester 33 Milles.
1459. Langley, John, Sudington St. Peter, Gloucester,
Sheppewassh. Devon 18 Stokton.
1462. Langley, Walter, esquire, Sudyngton St. Peter,
Gloucester 30 Godyn.
TEewftesburg.
Rudder : " Robert Fitz-Haimon was buried in the Chapter-
house in the year 1107, but removed into the presbytery in
1 24 1, and thence in 1397, to the north side of the choir, where
his bones, wrapt in fine diaper, were laid in a tomb of grey
marble, which had brasses at top, with his figure and orna-
ments, long since torn off.
" In the middle space under the tower, is a large grey
marble, which had brass plates affixed to it, and is said to have
been for the unfortunate Prince Edward, only son to King
Henry the Sixth."
Dinghy thus wrote in 1680 : —
" This fair tombstone of grey marble, the brass whereof
has bin pickt out by sacrilegious hands, is directly under-
neath the tower of this church, at the entrance into the
quire, and sayed to be layd over Prince Edward, who lost his
life in cool blood, in the dispute between York and Lancaster,
at wch time ye Lancastrians had the overthrow."
" Monuments to be consider'd under this magnificent pile
are first that of the Founder hereof Robert Fitzhamon this
is within a fair chappell on the north side of the quire
or chancell erected to his memory both which I have
touched off in the two following sides or pages, his arms
Lost Brasses. 219
and figure of brass plate inlayd were stol'n away in the time
of the late civil war." Illustrations of the two tombs are given.
The Editor of Bigland's Collections, sub Tewkesbury,
alludes to the lack of brasses in Tewkesbury Abbey, and
explains that the Parish Church was of old in another part of
the town, and was afterwards pulled down or suffered to fall
into decay. " It is noted that the brasses on what was
supposed to have been the flat tombstone of Prince Edward
are gone; a loss which Vicar Knight supplied by a small
plate fixed in the stone."
The following is taken from " Historical Memories of
Tewkesbury Abbey, by Rev. H. Hayman, D.D., which appeared
in The Antiquary, Vol. I, 1880: —
" The wife of the gallant Earl, Gilbert de Clare, the third,
who fell at Bannockburn, was a lady whose family connections
touched all the three component parts of our present United
Kingdom. We might strew the rose, the shamrock, and the
thistle together on her grave. She was Maud, daughter of
John de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, her eldest sister being the
wife of King Robert Bruce. That grave has been identified
together with that of her husband, close on the north side
of it. Cut short perhaps by grief at her bereavement, the
young widow was laid there in the first year of her widow-
hood. It wTas marked by 'a fine and large slab, from which
a magnificent brass had been ruthlessly taken.' How touching
is the pathos which these shattered memorials of bereave-
ment and blighted hopes bespeak. The shadow of sorrow
fell upon her life, its gloom deepened, and she died without a
son to keep in remembrance the name of her dead lord's
illustrious house."
XTormarton.
Sir John de la Riviere, c. 1350, lost, chancel. — Haines.
Lei and says : — " There lyeth buried in the Body of the Paroche
Churche of Thormerton one Petrine de la Ryvers, with a Frenche
Epitaphie. He was owner of the Lordshippe of Tormerton. And
Sir Robert Atkyns observes that in his time the effigies of Sir
John de la Riviere, with the model of the church in his hand
remained in the chancel ; but the brasses of both these
monuments are now torn off and lost." — Rudder.
The stone has now a plate inscribed : —
" £be tomb of John ee la iRivcrs, founoer of this Gburcb."
220 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries.
The late Sir A. W. Franks thus describes the memorial : —
" It consists of a floriated cross, within the head of which is
the knight holding up the model of the Church which he
had founded ; on the stem of the cross appears to have been
a helmet, at the base probably an Agnus Dei, and in the
angles shields of arms surmounted by helmets and crests."
An illustration appears in Haines's Manual, p. exxiv.
Wotton- un&er-iE&ae.
Richard de Wotton. rector, c. 1320, kneeling at a cross
with Lombardic inscription lost, matrix. Chancel. — Haines.
" In the chancel is the following : — Round the verge of a
grey marble flatstone, which had a brass plate fixed on it, with
the figure of a man, now torn off, are these lines in Saxon
characters : —
"IRatus in bac villa cognomine Mctus ab ilia
Qui IRector fuit bic, aptum nomenq; sibi sic
1R. De XUottona jacet bic, cui carlica Dona,
3mpetret ipsa pta pulcbernma vinio /Bbarta. amen."
In the middle of the stone:— -
' j£s mibi vercio pia, Duj et Xur, sancta /fcaria.' "— Rudder.
The slab measures 7 ft. 6 in. x 2 ft. 11 in. In the lower
part is the kneeling figure of R. de Wotton, rector of this
church, under a small canopy with slender shafts ; a long
scroll proceeds from his hands to the figure of the Virgin (see
inscription), seated and enclosed in a fine large floriated cross.
A marginal inscription in Lombardic letters surrounds the
whole, and reads as given above. Rudder has incorrectly
transcribed the first two words on the scroll, which should read
Sis micbi.
The slab was originally in the chancel, but is now lying
loose, near Lord Berkeley's tomb (see p. 2), and has been
cracked. An illustration is given in the Portfolio of the
Monumental Brass Society, VIII, December, 1897.
The inscription might be thus translated : —
" Born in this town, after which he was named, he who
was rector here thus for himself had a fitting name. R. de
Wotton lies here, to whom may the pious and most beautiful
virgin grant heavenly gifts. — Be thou to me O pious virgin,
holy Mary, my guide and light."
Modem Brasses. 221
MODERN BRASSES.
The fashion of erecting brasses as memorials to the departed
appears to have died out in the seventeenth century but has
now revived. Haines records that brasses have been placed
in the following churches : —
Bristol : S. S. Leonard &■ Nicholas. Rev. John Eden, 1840
(Waller).
Mitcheldean (Waller).
Newent . . . Onslow.
Upper Slaughter. Rev. Francis Edw. Witts (Waller).
In trying to render this a more complete list, I wrote to
the leading engravers of memorial brasses in the country, but
regret to say that the list has not been much amplified.
Messrs. John Hardman & Co., of Birmingham, have exe-
cuted the following : —
Barntvood. Mrs. Alice Mary Blathwayt.
Bristol Cathedral. Captain John Sanderson, R.N.
Bristol, Queen Elizabeth's Hospital. Rev. John Hawkesworth,
LL.D.
Clifton, All Saints. Rev. R. Randall.
Clifton College. Rev John Guthrie, M. A., and wife Caroline.
In Gloucester Cathedral is a brass — a fitting memorial — to
the Rev. H. Haines, M.A., whose exhaustive "Manual,"
issued in 1861, is still the standard work on Monumental
Brasses; to the list in Part II, the writer is indebted for the
headlines of each notice. He is represented robed as a priest
of the Church of England, in cassock, surplice, stole, and
hood, beneath a canopy, and the following inscription is round
the margin : —
HERBERTUS HAINES, A.M., SCHOL.E HUJUS | CATHREDALIS
PER XXIII ANNOS HYPODIDASCULUS, OBIIT A.D. XIV. KAL. OCT. A.S.
MDCCCLXXII ANNOS XLVI NATUS, CUJUS CORPUS IN | CCEMETERIO
JUXTA HANC URBEM SEPULTUM | JACET. HOC MONUMENTUM
PAUCI EX DISCIPULIS ET AMICIS, BENEFICIORUM AB ILLO
ACCEPTORUM MEMORES, PONENDUM CURAVERUNT."
This may be translated thus : — Herbert Haines, M.A., for
twenty-three years second master of this Cathedral School,
died September 18th, 1872, aged 46 years, whose body lies
buried in the cemetery near this city. A few of his pupils and
friends mindful of benefits received from him have caused this
memorial to be erected.
Corrigenda et Addenda
P. 3-
P. 15-
p. 17.
I'. IS.
p. 28.
p. 29.
p. 30.
p. 37.
P. 42.
P. 44.
P. Si-
P.
51
p.
55
p.
65
p.
71
p.
72
Shield 1400, Deerhurst.
Should have been on page 15.
Line 2 from base, for curings read earring*.
Fig 151 represents the second shield
on the Cassy Brass.
Line 5 for ® (T) read © (G).
Inscription : On examining rubbings
of this brass taken many years ago,
the words added in brackets have
been deciphered.
. . Margeria coniux sua femina [dia]
. . Mihi [succurit'] tempore [vili]
I scroll work).
Fig. 24, for 1 141 read 141 1.
Fig. 25, for c. 1 141 read 141 1.
Line 12, for p. 176 read p. 116.
Line 2, add " also in the Publications of
the Early English Text Society, Vol.
78."
Line 12, "The Inscription," add "except the first line which is
preserved on a step in the Lady Chapel."
Line 7 from base for 1444 read 1445.
Add the following translation :
By death o'erthrown beneath your feet see Thomas Fortey lie,
A noble merchant, just and true, well known his kindly life
Dame Agnes too his spouse full sweet in like extremity.
Which found no joy in others woe, no gain in baleful strife,
Churches and roads his bounty felt in wise and full repair,
Christ, let Thy soul with pity melt before his humble prayer,
From Thy blest birth a thousand years, four hundred more also
And forty-seven eke had passed ere he Thy bliss did know.
Illustrations: Add Reliquary VS. Vol. III., p. 175 (Inscription).
Line 9, "Initial" on a rubbing kindly lent by Mr. Mill Stephenson,
this is shewn to be a very small reproduction of his merchant's
mark ; see Fig. 53, p. 56.
Line 2, Portions lost, add "and ends of scroll under figure."
Line 26. for sable, Burke gives gules.
Line 4 from base, for 1476 read 1471.
CORRIGENDA ET ADDENDA.
223
P.
117.
p.
119.
p.
122.
p.
124.
P. 78. Illustrations : add Weare (G. E.) Life of Cabot.
P. 78. Line 29, "This Joan," add (" wife of John Jay, senr.")
P. 91. Illustrations : Add Reliquary X. S. Vol. HI., p. 173.
P. 91. Line 10, for Taylour read Tayliour.
P. 93. For Fig. 7 read Fig. 7^-
P. 108. Heraldry: Read "Quarterly (1) [Gules] a bend engrailed
[azure] between three leopards' faces jessant de lis [or]
Denys. (2) [Argent] on a chief [gulesj three bezants
[RUSSELL]. (3) Lozengy [argent and azure] a chevron [gules,
Gorges]. (4) [Azure] a cross moline [or, Bruyn].
Fig- ^5) f°r Eastlington read Eastington.
Her younger brother Charles was steward to his cousin Edward
Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, at Thornbury.
Will of William Henshawe, P.C.C. F. 12 Maynwaring.
Line 23, for i read is.
Line 24, add " of."
P. 134. Fig. 152, Head of William Freme, 1526, from a rubbing kindly
sent in February. 1884, by the late
Mr. J. H. Cooke, F.S.A. Mr. T. Ware-
ing reports under date June, 1898, that
the head is now replaced.
Fig. 103, fur 1554 read 1534.
Illustrations: Add Reliquary N. S., Vol.
III., p. 173 (end of inscription).
Fig. 109, for 1450 read 1540,
In the P.C.C. are these wills : —
1561, Grevell, Sir Edward, Knight,
Mylcote, Warwick, Seasingcote,Glouces- Fig- 152.
. J ' \- T r, Hwd 1S26. Berkeley.
ter 26 Loftes.
1574, Grevell, Dame Margaret, widow of Sir Edward Grevell,
Knight, Milcote, Warwick , . 45 Martin
P. 175, Line 12, 1581, add " P.C.C. 8 Darcy."
P. 180. Fig. 133, for 1890 read 1590.
P. 181. For Nonvood read Norwoodd.
P. 187. Fig. 137, "Shield, 1601 Clifford Chambers." This is on wrong
page, it should have appeared on p. 175.
Line II, for "Argent, a Jesse engrailed sable between 3 boars'
heads coitped proper for Marrowc," read " Argent, a Jess engrailed
sable, between tlnec maids' heads couped proper for Marrowe,
impaling, Argent a eross sable for RAINSFORD." The shield
is not quite complete.
P. 194. Line 1, for Marg read Mary.
P.
I-p
p.
144
p.
150
V.
163
p. 207. Bristol CatbeDral.
MATRIX OF THE BRASS OF AN AUSTIN' CANON
IN BRISTOL CATHEDRAL.
Mr. Alfred E. Hudd, F.S.A., Hon. Sec. of the Clifton
Antiquarian Society, has kindly forwarded me the following
224
CORRIGENDA ET ADDENDA.
description of a matrix of albrass of an Austin Canon in Bristol
Cathedra] :—
" During the recent restoration of the Choir of Bristol Cathe-
dral, formerly the Church of the Abbey of Canons Regular of
St. Augustine, founded in i [42, a large slab of Purbeck marble
was found in the South Choir Aisle, where it had been partially
covered by the wooden foundation supporting the Stalls. This
slab was found to contain the matrix of what must have been
a very fine Monumental Brass of a Priest, probably one of the
officials of the Abbey. The matrix is in good condition, and it
is evident from it that the deceased Austin Canon was repre-
sented in a cope, his head covered by a flat cap similar to those
worn by the Austin Canons represented on the mural paintings
on the walls of Bishop Carpenter's vault at Westbury-on-Trym
now used as the Coal-hole of that Church.
''The figure stands under a very handsome triple canopy,
covered with no less than seven late Gothic pinnacles : below
the feet was a long inscription on an oblong plate. Size of
slab — 7 ft. 10 in. x 3 ft. 8 in. Figure of Priest — 4 ft. x 1 ft. 5 in.
Date about 1500."
I N D E X
ABDENHALL, brass at .
190
Berkeley, brass at
132
Agnus Dei . . .14, 156,
220
Berwicke, arms of
'74
Albany, arms of
1.30
Besford, arms of
32
Albe 6c
. 75
Bishop's Cleeve, lost brass at .
206
Almuce . . . .58,
124
Bisley, brass at
"5
Altar Tombs 2, 30, 98, 171, 172
216
Blathwayt, Mrs. A. M.
221
Amerike, Joan ....
127
Book, 14, 145, 156, 166,
176.
182,
Amice . . . 60, 75,
140
192, 197, 208
Anelace . . . 19, 21
■ 28
Botiler, arms of
206
Arabic Numerals
50
Boyffield, John .
214
Arderburg, arms of .
174
Bradestone, arms of
2
Arnold, arms of
130
,, Agnes .
2
Atte Barugh, Peter .
10
,, Blanch .
2
Avvmarle, Thomas .
81
Robert .
2
Avenyng, John— Alice
208
,, Sir Thos.
2
Ayleway, Joan ....
190
Brassart . . 2, 34, 141,
160
172
Brasses, Duplicate . 141,
144
196
BADMINTON, lost brass at .
206
Eccentric
204
Baldrick . . . , 3
. 25
heraldry of .
204
Barbe . . . .14,
155
,, lost
206
Barnwood, modern brass at
221
modern
221
Barons of Exchequer, see Judges
of Children
203
Barstaple, John — Isabella
28
,, Civilians
201
Barstaple Chapel, Bristol
28
,, Ecclesiastics .
200
Bascinet . . . . 2, 25
33
,, Judges
201
Basilard, see Anelace, Misericord
e
,, Ladies
202
Bazely, Rev. VV. . . .
212
,, Men in armour
200
Baynham, arms of . . 86,
212
Braybrook, arms of .
128
,, Alice
§5
Briggs, John — Agnes
215
,, Margaret
84
Bristol, brasses at
,, Thomas .
S3
Barstaple Chapel
28
Beard 2, 13, 19, 21, 28, 45, 158,
72,
Cathedral, matrix
223
I77- 179- l82- r9°. 192,
[94.
modern
221
196, 197
Grammar School
165
Beauchamp, Richard
9
Queen Elizabeth's Hosp
tal,
,, Thomas
9
modern .
221
Beaufort, Edmond .
9
St. James .
'97
Beaupyne, Thomas .
18
St. John
73
Bedstead
187
St. Leonard & St. Nichol
is,
Bell-founder ....
119
modern .
221
Bells, collar of . 5, 13. 20, 26,
64
St. Mary Redcliff 37, 69
76,
127
Belt, passim
St. Peter .
58
Belt, see also Baldrick
St. Werburgh
'65.
176
Benett, John and wives .
94
Temple Church
9
■ 5S
Berkeley, arms of . .5
, 6
Trinity
28
Elizabeth
9
Bristol, city of, arms of
17
,, Margaret .
2
Brook, arms 01
128
,, Maurice . . 7,
72
,, John — Joan
127
,, Thomas . . .2,
16
Brown, John
213
,, William
72
Bruges, arms of
32.
212
,, of Coberley, arms of i
32,
Elizabeth
'3i
212
,, Sir Giles — Isabel
211
226
INDEX
Bruyn. arms of
Butterfly headdress
216
108,
83. 84,
223
90,
137
. 25
95
CALAIS, staple of, arms of
Camail ....
Camber, John .
Campden, Chipping, see Chip
ping Campden
Canopies, .... 204
Canting Arms .... 74
Cap . . .40, 61, 77, 94, 96
Cape .... 14, 61, 133
Carles, Rev. Thos. . . 210, 211
Cassock . . 58, 8r, 124,
Cassy, arms of .
,, Elizabeth
',, Sir John — Alice . 9,
,. Richard
,, William
Ceysyll, John ....
Chalice
Chamfer Inscription
Chape
Chasuble .
Cheltenham, brass at
Children .....
Chipping Campden, brasses at 21,
51, 66, 82
Churcham, lost brass at . . 207
Churchdown, lost brass at . 207
Cirencester, brasses at 16, 33, 39,
42, 62, 68, 75, 81, 94, 103, 138,
177, 195, 222
Cirencester, lost brasses at
Civilians ....
Clare, Maude de
Clifford Chambers, brasses at
223
Clifton, arms of
Clifton, modern brasses at
Clopton, arms of
Joan
Sir William
Cobham, arms of
Cobyndon, arms of .
139
15
• 131
9, 222
15
16
• 9i
6°> 75
100, 216
3. 20
60, 75
• 113
203
207
201
219
172,
117
Coif
Collars
32
30
33
128
64
2. 5.
11, 114, 127
13, 20, 26, 39, 42, 48,
52. 53. 55. 64, 73, 76, 77, 82,
87, 89, 92, 96, 104, 126, 138,
149, 154, 190
Cooke, arms of ... 158
John — Joan . . 154
Cooke, J. H. . 6, 134, 223
Cope 58, 124
Cote-hardie . . . . 1
Coton. Richard— Margaret . 163
Cotton, John .... 185
Crespine headdress . . . 3, 45
Crest 6, 47, 141, 158, 162, 174, 195
Cromwell, arms of . ,117
Cross 64, 142, 143, 146, 220 (bis)
Crucifixion .... 146
Cubberly, lost brass at . .211
Cushion . 25, 106, 192, 197
13
10, 12
108
DAGGER, see Misericorde
Darby, Isabella
Daston, arms of
,, Anne .
,, Anthony
William
De Bohun, arms of
De Cailly, arms of
De Chandos, arms of
De Clare, Maud
Deerhurst, brasses at
De la Pole, Anne
Michael
Demi-figure
Denys, arms of
,, Morys .
Sir Walter .
De Rous, Thomas — Matilda
De Woodstock, arms of .
De Wotton, Richard
Dixton, arms of
Richard
Dogs 5, 13, 20, 26, 35, 64, 159,
178, 215
Dominical Letter
Dowdesweil, brass at
Dumbleton, arms of
Dumbleton, lost brass at .
Duplicate brasses . 141, 744,
Dyrham, brass at
30
187
187
190
213
119
117
, 212
219
■ T3i
9
9
8
223
106
106
217
117
220
36
33
162,
29
124
190
213
196
25
EASTINGTON, brass at
Eccentric Brasses
Ecclesiastical brasses
Eden, Rev. John
Edward, Prince of Wales
Edward, John .
Enamel
England, arms of
Evangelistic Symbols 32, 51, 89 90
no, 125, 126, 137
117
204
200
221
218
60
32
15. 72
FAIRFORD, brasses at t
j8, 141,
144
Farthingale
185
Fermailes . . 5,
20, 31,
117
Fitton, arms of
27
Fitz-Haimon, Robert
218
Fortey, John
54
., Thomas — Agnes
48,
221
Founder of Church .
103,
220
France
72
Franks, Sir A. W.
10,
220
" Free-Miner" crest
47
F-reme, arms of
134
William
132,
223
French, Elizabeth .
115
, Margarett
115
William
115
Fret ....
12
Froucester, Walter .
213
214
Fuller, Rev. E. A. .
18
, 69
GADLINGS
■ 3
. 25
Gayner, arms .
30
,, Isabella
28
INDEX.
227
Gibbes, Henry — Anne
• 197
Giffard, arms of
15
Glanville, arms of
• 1 7-1
Gloucester, brasses at
St. John Baptist
149
St. Mary de Crypt
159
St. Michael
119
Gloucester, lost brasses at
Cathedral .
213
St. John Baptist
215
St. Mary de Crypt
215
Gloucester Cathedral, inoderr
brass at .
221
Goold, Thomas
213
Gorges, arms of
10
3, 223
Gotorest ....
18
Greene, arms of
174
Grevel, arms of
23
,, William — Marion
21
Greville, arms of 144, 146,
16
3, 262
,, Agnes
141
,, Sir Edward
16
2, 223
,, Sir John
I58
,, Dame Margaret
223
„ Sir William
113
Greyndour, arms of .
8
5, 212
,, Robert — Joan
47
Groining ... 16,
7
5, 154
Guarded spurs .
35. 63
Gunter, arms of
197
,, John — Alice
195
Guthrie, Rev. John — Caroline
221
Gybbys, William and wives
82
Gypciere 73, 76, 90, 92, 94,
&
. 104,
105, 114, 120
Gyttyns, William — Mary .
176
HADOW, Rev. W. E. 16, li
,4
0, 44.
64, 68, 81, 82, 95, 103,
13
9. 195
Haigh, D. H. .
15
Haines, Rev. H .
221
Hall, arms of
174
„ Rev. J. M.
97
Halyday, Edward — Margery
122
Hampton, Alice
112
,, John — Elyn
1 10
Hardman, Messrs. .
221
Hawkesbury, lost brass at
215
Hawkesworth, Rev. John
221
Hayward, arms of
130
Heart ....
133
Hempstead, brass at
130
Henshawe, arms of .
121
,, William and wives
1 19
Heraldry *
Albany
130
Arderburg
174
Arnold
130
Baynham .
8<
3, 212
Berkeley
5
,, of Coberley
'3
>, 212
Berivicke
174
Besford
32
Botiler
206
Heraldry (continued)
Bradeston
Bray brook
Bridges
Bristol City
Brook
Bruges
[Bruyn]
Calais, Staple of
Cassy
Clifton
Clopton
Cobham
Cobyndon
Cooke
Cromwell
Daston
De Boh 1111
De Cailly .
De Chandos
De Woodstock
Denys
Dixton
Dumbleton
England
Fitton
France
Freme
Gayner
Giffard
Glanville
[Gorges]
Greene
Grevel 23, 14
Greyndour
Gunter
Hall
Hayward
Henshawe
Hodye
Hungerford
Juyn
Kingston
Knevet
Lions
Lygon
Madoc-ap-ryn
Marrowe
Mede .
Mollins
Molton
Norwood
Parry
Parsons
Porter
Powlett
Prat tell
Prelatte
Purscell
Ravns/ord
Rowley
Russel
Savage
S coca the
. 128
. 212
17
. 128
132, 212
108, 223
'37
15
117
32
128
64
158
117
13
146,
117
212
117
108, 223
36
190
15. 72
27
72
134
30
15
1/4
I08, 223
■ 174
i Co, 163
86, 212
196, 197
174
130
121
86
195
38
217
117
174
182
130
187
7i
174
193
27^
182
27-
[108
175
76
130
194
174
64
174
174. 187
74
223]
189
174
The arms of names in italics are blazoned in text,
22S
1XDEX
if 144
M3
Heraldry (continued)
Sherskal
Spencer
Stafford
Tame
Tatshall
Thome
Tivyniho
Tyndall
Tyringham
Wakested
Walwyn
Warwick, Earl of
Wylcotes
Wyllycotes
Heraldry, see also p. 204
Hichman, Walter — Cristy
Hodges, William
Hodye, arms of .
Honeysuckle
Hood, Civilian . 9, 20,
Ecclesiastical
,, Paris
Hooper, Margaret
Hungerford, arms of
,, Margaret
IRON" ACTOX, lost brass at
28, 37
174
193
117
146
117
167
102
171
146
174
212
23
174
174
126
179
86
15
127
no
166
21 r
i?5
194
215
76
3ii 7r- J55
201
38
39
37
KALENDS .... 29
Kempsford, brass at . . 126
Kennel headdress 85, 100, 104, 105,
114, 116, 117, 121, 123, 124,
127, 131, 135, 142, 150, 164
Kingston, arms of . . 27, 217
,, Sir William — Eliza-
beth .... 216
Knevet, arms of . . . 117
,, Elizabeth . . 117
LADIES 202
Lance-rest .... 99
Latimer, Lord .... 9
Lawnder, William . . . 139
Lechlade, brasses at . 52, 109
Leckhampton, brass at . . 181
Lethenard, John — Joan . . 66
Lilies 208
Lingen, T . . . . 32, 33
Lion at feet . 3, n, na, 12, 26
Lions, arms of . , . . 174
Liripipe ..... 96
Lisle, Lord . . . . 2, 9
Lombardic Letters . . . 220
Lond, Robert .... 58
Loose brasses . 58, 83, 153, 185
Lost brasses .... 206
Lukis, Rev. W. C. . . . 120
Lygon, arms of 182
JAY, John — Joan
Jewels 3, 4, 5, 20,
Judges
Juyn, arms of
Alice
,, Sir John .
MACLEAN, Sir J. . . 32, 87
Madoc-ap-Ryn, arms of 130
Maniple . . . . 60, 75
Mantle, men 11, 20, 37. 73, 149, 154
,, women 5, 20, 25, 31. 58, 71,
Si, 117, 143. 145
Marks, sec Merchant's Marks
Marner, Philip .... 177
Marrowe, arms of . 187
,, Elizabeth . . 185
Martyn, Agnes .... 64
Matrices ..... 206
Mede, arms of . . . 71
,, Philip and wives . . 69
Merchant's Marks 22, 29, 41, 44,
5°. 74. 77. 88, 90, 95, no, 123,
126, 136, 205
Mermaids 2, 6
Micheldean, brass at . . 83
,, modern brass at . 221
Military brasses . . . 200
Mmchinhampton, brasses at 103,
no, 122, 215
Minety, brass at 194
Minever . . . . .11
Misericcrde, or dagger 25, 36, 45,
64, 100, 129, 142, 160, 173, 194
Modern brasses . . .221
Mollins, arms of 174
Molton, arms of 193
,, William — Millicent . 192
Monk 112
Monograms . . 44, 106, 176
Mourton, Sir H. ... 18
Moustache 2, 19, 21, 28, 45, 158,
172, 177, 179, 182, 190, 192,
194, 196, 197
Moys, A 10
Mural brasses 69, no, 119, 122, 144,
149, 154, 165, 172, 176, 177,
179, 181, 185, 187, 192, 194,
197
NEELE, Thomas . . . 139
Neville, George ... 9
,, Ralph .... 9
Newent, brass at 129
,, modern brass at . 221
Newland, brass at . -44
,, lost brass at . . 216
Niblett, J. D. T. . 13, 130, 217
Nicholls, Thomas 95
Nicolas's Ordinances . . 16
Northleach, brasses at, 19, 48, 54,
87, 89, 105, 135, 139
,, lost brass at . 216
Norwoodd, arms of . 182, 184
,, William — Elizabeth 181
Norys, Hughe — Johan . . 210
Notyngham, Sir William . 69
,, William — Christina 68
Nun 112
OLVESTON, brass at . 106
Onslow , .221
1XDEX
22Q
PAGGE, Robert— Margaret
Painswick, lost brass at .
Palimpsest brass
Paris, headdress
Parsons, arms of
Ralph .
Parry, arms of .
,, Elizabeth
Porter, arms of
Arthur — Alys
,, Kredeswid and Mary
,, Roger .
Powlett, arms of
,, Nicholas — Margaret
Prattell, arms of
Prelutte, arms of
,, William and wives
Processional vestments . 58
Purscell, arms of
Pyrke, Rich — Joan .
QUEDGELEY, brass at .
Quinton, brass at
,, lost brass at
39
216
58
166
76
75
'75
172
130
130
130
129
194
194
174
64
62
124
174
190
130
30
217
179. 185
165, 176
• 149
RANDALL, Rev. R. . . 221
Raynsford, arms of . . 174, 187,
Elizabeth . . 185
,, Hercules — Elizabeth 172
Relaid brasses 9, 28, 58, 103, no,
119, 122, 124, 131, 149, 154
165, 169, 172, 176
Removal of brasses .
Restoration of brasses
Reticulated headdress
Rings . . 20, 31, 59,
Riviere, Sir John de la
Robert, Duke of Gloucester
Rodmarton, brass at
Roos, Ellenor .
Lord
Rosary 73, 76, 82 (bis), 90
96, 104, 120
Rous, Thomas — Margaret . 217
Rowdon, Elizabeth . . . 131
Rowley, arms of ... 74
Thomas — Margaret . 73
Rudyn, John . . . 17
Russel, arms of ... 27
,, Sir Morys — Isabel . 25
Russell, arms of . . 108, 109
92,
92,
136
219
214
60
9
9
94.
SACRED LAMB . . 13,
Saint Anne ....
Saint John Baptist . . 13,
Saint, see also Evangelistic Sym-
bols, and Virgin
Sanderson, Captain J.
Savage, arms of
,, Anne .
., Richard
Scocathe, arms of
Scors, William — Agnes
Seals . . . 5, 6, 71
Seman, Simon ....
157
14
157
221
189
187
196
J74
48
, 72
l7
Semys, John— Margaret .
Sei ili'-. Robei t Anne
Sevenhampton, bi ass ;i t .
Sewell, Katherine
Shershal, arms ol
Shrewsbury, Ear] of
Shroud brass
Siddington St. Peter, lost brass
Sir, title of priests . . 75,
Skull .... 140,
Somerset, Duke of .
Spencer, arms of
,, Millicent .
Spycer, Reginald and wives
Stafford, arms of
Staple of Calais, arms of 137,
Staples, Alexander and wives
Stole 60
Surplice . . . 58, 124,
Symbols, see Evangelistic
Symbols
Sword 3, 25, 34, 45, 62, 69,
106, 129, 141, 160, 162,
194
TABARD . 69, 108, 141, 15S,
Taces 34, 45, 63, 69, 99, 106,
160, 162,
Tame, arms of . 101, 144.
,, Sir Edmund and wives
144
,, John — Alice .
Tassets .... 173,
Tatshall, arms of
Tau-Crosses . .110, 126,
Taylour, John — Joan
Temple. W
" Terri " .
Tewkesbury, lost brasses at .
Thornborough, Marion .
Thornbury, brass at
Thome, arms of
,, Nicholas and wives
Todenham, brass at
Tomkins, H. B. ...
Tormarton, brass at
,, lost brass at
Towensend, arms of
Townsend, John
Trinity, Holy, Symbol of 140, 141
Twinyhoe, John
Twynihoe, arms of .
Twynihow, Alice
Twynyho, Joan
Tyndall, arms of
,, Thomas — Avice
Tyringham, arms of 144,
Elizabeth
149
105
95
"5
'74
9
1 1 r
218
I25
198
9
193
192
42
117
138
180
75
139
100,
172,
1G2
129,
146
141.
194
117
142
89
10
!3
218
21
169
167
165
192
109
91
219
54
52
'45
109
102
98
64
171
166
146
UPPER SLAUGHTER.modern
brass at . . . 221
VASE
Virgin Mary
Vowess
14. 140,
211
220
30
230
IXDEX.
WADLEY, Rev. T. P. 10, 18, 24, 38
75. 125, 177
Wakested, arms of
Wallers, Messrs.
Walwyn, arms of
Wareing, T.
Warren, Ann
,, Gerard
•,, Margaret
Warwick, arms of
,, Earl ot
Welley, William— Al
Westmoreland, Earl of
Wills
Barstaple, Isabel
,, John .
Beaupyne, Thomas
Bennett, Agnes .
John .
Brugge, Sir Gyles
Busche, Johane
Busshe, Thomas
Combre, John
Denys, Sir Walter
Dixton, Richard
Fortey, John
Gibbs, Henry
Gittins, William
Grevell, Sir Edward
Grevyll, Sir John
Grevell, William
Grevell, Dame Margaret
Greyndor, Dame Jane
Haliday, Edwarde
Margery
Henshawe, William
Hicheman, Water
Jay, Joan .
Jaye, John
Kingeston. Sir William
Knyvet, Sir William
Kyngston, Dame Mary
Langley, Edmond
,, John .
Walter
174
221
212
223
199
9
2
23
9
5i
9
30
30
18
95
95
97
109
37
57
176
223
161
115
223
124
124
223
127
78
78
217
119
217
218
Wills (continued)
Marner, Philip .
. 178
Mede, Philip
■ 72
Nele, Thomas .
• »39
Pagge, Robert .
. 42
Porter, Roger
. 130
Raynsford, Charles .
• 175
Rouudon, Walter
• 132
Rowley, Thomas
75
Rowse, Thomas
. 217
Serche, Robert .
106
Spycer, Joan
• 44
Tame, Sir Edmounde
• 147
Sir Edmunde .
• 149
,, Dame Elizabeth
• 149
John
■ 103
Tayliour, Johane
• 91
Thorne, Nicholas
. 169
Robert .
. 168
Townesend, John
• 54
Twynyho, John
. 1 10
Tyndall, Thomas
172
Weston-upon-Avon, brasses
at 158,
162
Whittington, brass at
. 163
Widow 14, 27, 29, 31, 44
48, 68,
91, 126, 131, 148, 1
54, 168,
18,
• 117
52, 54, 87,
175, 195
Wine Merchant
Winterbourne, brass at
Witts, Rev. F. E.
Woodstock, arms of .
Woolmen 20, 21, 39, 4
89, '35
Wormington, brass at
Wotton, Richard de
Wotton-under-Edge, brass at
,, lost brass at
Wylcotes, arms of
Wyllycotes, arms of
Yate, brass at .
187
174
174
180
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