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Catholic Church 

Liturgy and ritual» Breviary 

Breviarium aberdonense - . . 



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KING PRESS NO. 303 




I 



A PREFACE 

TO THE 

BREVIARIUM ABERDONENSE. 



In bindlng this Work, the Sheets might be arranged in the foUow- 
ing order : — 

Yol. I. Title, Pars Estivahs. Londini, 1854, 1 leaf. 

List of Members, April 1852, and Extract from the Minutes 

of the Club, 3 leaves. 
The Preface, xxviii. pages. 
Original Title-page in red and black, foUowed by the 

Kalendar and the rest of the Yohime. 

Yol. II. Title, Pars Hyemahs. Londini, 1854. 

List of Members, February 1854, and Extract, 4 leaves. 
Original Title, Kalendar, &c. 

At the end of the Yohime might be inserted the two extra 
sheets now reprinted, Oompassio Beate Marie, &c. 



THE PREFACE. 



h,-'^ 



P- 



Q 1 9f y '( 



THE LIBRARY 



THE PREFAOE. 



Of the various Rituals or Service Books of the Church prior to the 
Eeformation, the most important were the Missal and the Breviary. The 
MissALE is strictly the book of pubhc worship, and contained, as it still does 
in the Koman Cathohc Church, the Service of the Mass ; and, along with 
the Ordinary and the Canon, or the fixed and invariable part of every Mass, 
daily recited, a number of Missce or Offices, with Collects, Epistles, Gospels, 
Graduals, and Sequences, proper to each Sunday or solemn festival, and 
other special occasions.^ At an earher period, the name " Missale " was 
not so comprehensive. Lyndewode^ indeed explains the term "Missale, 
i. e. Librum, in quo continebuntur omnia ad Missam singuhs diebus dicen- 
dam pertinentia." Mr Maskell, however, in his learned Dissertation on 
Service Books, remarks, " In the earher ages of the Church, the Office of 
the Holy Communion was not contained in one volume, but usually in four ; 
the Antiphoner, the Lectionary, the book of the Gospels, and the book of 
the Sacraments, or Sacramentary. This last is that to which the title of 
Missal was apphed : and that at an early age." Of this appUcation he has 
adduced several examples.^ 

1 A translation of the text of the entire Roman Missal, with the rubrics and preface, is 
contained in a work entitled " The Bible, the Missal, and the Breviary ; or Eitualism self- 
illustrated in the Liturgical Books of Rome," &c. By the Rev. George Lewis. Edinburgh, 
1853, 2 vol. 8vo. 

2 Provinciale, seu Constitutiones Anglise, fol. elxxxii, edit. 1525, folio. 

» Monumenta Ritualia Ecclesise Anglicanse ; or Occasional Offices of the Church of England, 
by the Eev. William Maskell, vol. i. p. xlix. Lond. 1846, 2 vol. 8vo. 



ir THE PREFACE. 

The Breviabium waa a work of a morc general complexion, and, excepting 
the Daily Service of the Mass, contained the entire Offices throughout the 
year. It was formed in the eleventh century out of the several books of 
Divine Offices, the Psalterium, the Antiphonarium, thc Hymnarium, the 
Martyrologium, &c. and contained the praycrs, hymns, and lessons, ordained 
to be recited or sung at certain hours of the day and niglit, known as the 
Canonical Hours. In this comprehensive work which suppHed the priest- 
hood with a complete manual of devotions, its scripture and patristic les- 
sons served as a substitute for the Holy Scriptures. For convenience, it 
was froquently divided into two parts, the one for the Sumraer, the other for 
the Winter half of the year.* " The Breviar}' (in the words of Mr Maskell) 
in its fiill and settled state, say from the twelflh and thirteenth centuries, 
containcd the whole Offices of the Canonical Hours throughout the year — 
of the great festivals, the saints-days, the Sundays, and the week-days. 
These wero arranged under their respective days, with rubrics directing to 
certain prayers, hymns, or psalms, which occurred frequently, or to the 
Psalter, which formed part of the volume. The rubrics of Breviaries in 
manuscript will be found to vary much in their fulness, as they happen to 
have been written for the use of churches or monasteries, of which the 
Ordinals had been drawn up. Thus some would have but very few ; others 
again as many in comparison. Not that we are to suppose by any means 
that the existence of an Ordinal always led to the omission of rubrics in 
the Breviary ; for the Ordinal itself might be more or less complete, and 
both might continue to give, with relation to certain parts of the Office, 
what we may call duphcate directions." ^ 

Another book which, at a later period, came into very general use, was 
the Hours of the Virgin. This work, the HoRiE BEAXiE Virginis Marle, 

' The common form of the Breviary has latterly been in Four parts, adaptetl for the 
SeMons of the year, and called Hyemalis, Yemalis, ^tiva, and Autumnalis, each containing 
Three Months of the Propria Sanctorum, &c. 

' llMkeIl'8 Monumenta Ritualia, vol. i. p. Ixzxv. 



THE PREFACE. v 

under its varied titles, "secundum usum Romanum," or, " ad usum insignis 
et prseclarse Ecclesiae Sarum," &c., was used as a manual of devotion for 
the laity. Along with such offices in honour of the Virgin, there are other 
prayers, commemorative of saints and martyrs, the Penitential Psalms, the 
Psalter of St Jerom, &c., appropriated to the Canonical Hours appointed 
by the Church, from which the work derived its name. While the various 
Service books for pubUc use in the Church were commonly written in a large 
bold character, the Hours were executed with the most elaborate skill, and 
richly decorated with illuminations. Many of the books of this class, such 
for instance as the Offices of the Yirgin by Juho Clovio, at ^aples, the 
Bedford Missal and various Psalters in the British Museum, the Bedford 
Breviary and the Hours of John Duke of Berry, and of Anne of Britanny, 
at Paris, may be reckoned among the most splendid Manuscripts in 
existence. 

Although, for supplying the demand for such books of devotion, the art 
of printing was not employed quite so speedily as we might suppose, the 
number of editions of these Service books, including the Hours, both in 
Latin and Prench, printed towards the close of the fifteenth and the early 
part of the sixteenth century, may nevertheless excite surprise. The 
power vested in the Bishop of each diocese to accommodate the rites of 
public worship, will account for the very great variety of Uses which exists 
in these printed editions, while the more important part, the Canon of the 
Mass, was carefuUy guarded from alterations, additions, or omissions. Of 
these Service books, copies were generally printed upon vellum, the Hours 
having ornamented wood-cut borders, and frequently illuminated, as substi- 
tutes for the more costly manuscripts. Thus in the Imperial Library at 
Paris, of the several books of rituals and prayers, printed abroad between 
1474 and 1545, the learned bibUographer Van Praet^ has described not 
less than about 280 separate pubUcations. Many other editions, printed 

1 Catalogue des Livres imprim^s sur Velin de la Biblioth^que du Eoi, Tom. i. p. 81-203. 
Tom. vi. p. 149-155, 210-252. Paris, 1822-1828, 6 vol. 8vo. 



vi THE PREFACE. 

similarly on vellura, and elsewherc preserved, he has described in a sepa- 
rate work ;^ while Hain, in his Bibliographical Repertory of books printed 
during the Fifteenth Century, without distinguishing such as are printed 
on vellum, describes 172 editions of various Breviaries, 60 editions of the 
Hours or Offices of the Virgin, and 190 editions of the Missals of the use 
of Rome and diffcrent churches.^ 

It is not nocessary to enquire into the history of the Liturgies of the 
British Churches at a remote period. The Canon or invariable part of the 
Boman Liturgy corresponds so closely with that portion of the service in 
all the Western churches, as to suggest one common origin ; and this, with- 
out being mutikte'd or altered, may be traced back to the time of Gregory 
the Great. He cannot however be considered as the author, having only 
collected, arranged, and improved the coUects of the various Missie.^ The 
Liturgy of Gaul can Hkewise be traced to a very remote period ; and it is 
but reasonable to conchide, that as the first British Bishops derived their 
orders from the GaUican rather than the Roman Church, they had also 
adopted the ritual services of the former.* The Roman forms, it is generally 
allowed, were introduced into England by St Augustin, about the year 600. 
It is however historically certain that the Christian Church had been esta- 
blished in Britain more than two centuries before his mission by Pope 
Gregory the Great ; but at what period and to what extent the Roman 
Liturgy may have superseded either the Scoto-Irish or the Anglo-Saxon 

' Catalogue des Livres imprim^s sur V^lin, qui se trouventjdans des Biblioth^ques tant pub- 
liques que particuli^res, pour servir de Suite au Catalogue, &c. (as above.) Paris, 1824-1828, 
4 vol. 8vo. 

• Lud. Hain, Repertorium Bibliographicum, &c. : (#. v. Breviarium, Horas, Missale, et 
Officium.) Stuttgardi», 1826, 4 vol. 8vo. 

' PaliDer's Origiues LiturgicK, vol. i. p. 112. 

* An interesting analysis of the three ancicnt Gallican Liturgies, in connexion with what is 
called the ** Cursus Scotorum," is contained in the Rev. Richard Hart'8 " Ecclesiastical Records 
of England, Ireland, and Scotland," — a volume presenting a useful digest of Dr Wilkins^s 
great work, the " Concilia Magnte Britanniie et HiberniaB," 4 vols. folio. 



THE PREFACE. vii 

Liturgies, in different parts of the Island, cannot be so satisfactorily ascer- 
tained. 

The Use or Custom of Sarura or Sahsbury, which obtained such an 
extensive reception in various parts of England, as well as Scotland and 
Ireland,^ derives its origin from St Osmund, Bishop of that See in 1078, 
and Chancellor of England. He died in December 1099. The contentions 
occasioned by the innovations which were introduced by Thurstan, a Kor- 
man, appointed Abbot of Glastonbury by King WilHam ; " who dyfpyfed 

^ It however appears, that by a deeree of the Synod of Kells in 1152, the Roman Serviee 

was fully established in Ireland. — Among the earlier Liturgies now preserved, is the celebrated 

Stowe Manuscript, of which Dr 0'Conor has given a description, extending to 51 pages, in 

the Appendix to vol. i. of his " Bibliotheca MS. Stowensis," 1819. It is now the property 

of the Earl of Ashburnham. From the facsimiles of the writing and illustrations given by 

0'Conor in his " Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores," vol. ii., it may safely be ascribed to the 

eleventh century. It is most remarkable for having the rubrics in the Irish language. Two 

ancient Liturgies of perhaps a still earlier date, but having no ornamented designs, are pre- 

served in Scotland. The one is now in the Advocates Library. This ancient Missal, which, 

without any apparent authority, has been described as " Liturgia Sancti Columbani Abbatis," 

is a small 4to of 135 leaves of vellum. It is written in the Anglo-Saxon or Irish character, 

with occasional capital letters of the style of the tenth century ; and on one of the blank 

spaces it has the signature of " Sinclair of Eoisling," a well-known collector of the early part 

of the sixteenth century. It afterwards belonged to Sir James Balfour, and was acquired 

with the rest of his MSS. in 1699. The other, a manuscript of the same age, and of a 

similar style of writing, is preserved at Drummond Castle, in the Library of Lord Willoughby 

de Eresby. It was examined by Father Innes, who remarks, " In the same Library there is, 

among other MSS., a valuable Sacramentary, or Missal, in a Saxon or Irish character, that 

appears to be about seven hundred years old, in the same character as the MS. Sacramentary, 

entitled, Missa S. Columbani, in the Advocates Library at Edinburgh."— (Critical Essay, 

vol. ii. p. 563.) It is a small 4to, on vellum, and not later than the early part of the eleventh 

century. I have not had any recent opportunity of examining the MS. itself, but judging 

from a cursory inspection of a paper communicated to the Literary and Antiquarian Society 

of Perth, which contains an account of the volume, I would infer that this Sacramentary bears 

a very close resemblance to the Stowe MS. above mentioned. Two of the CoUects are 

described as in the Gaelic language ; and it has a Calendar prefixed. 



tiu THE PREFACE. 

Q wflO i y e B fonge and office, and began to compell the monkes to ufe the 

foDge (or mode of chaunting) of one William, monk of Fyfcamen," or 

Fescamp, it has been suggested, might have '* turned the attention of 

Osmund to the regulation of tho ritual of his church." * The precise 

meaning of Thurstan's innovations, may admit of some doubt ; yet these 

may have conslsted only in a more florid style of singing, retaining all the 

while the service itself intact. The nature and extent of Bishop Osmund'8 

alterations of the existing rituals of the Koman, Anglo-Saxon, or British 

churches, would be worthy of minute investigation. Higden, when men- 

tioning that " the King's Chancellor," Osmund, held the See of Salisbury 

during the space of twenty-four years, says, " He buylded there a newe 

chyrche ; and brought thyder noble clerkes and cunnynge of clergye and 

of fonge. Soo that thys Byihop hymfelf Ihonned not to wryte and lyrarae 

[illuminate], and bynde bukes. Alfo he made tke Ordynall of the seruyce 

of the holy chyrche^ and named it the Confuetudynarie. Now well nygh all 

Englonde, Wales, and Irlonde ufen that Ordynall." ^ Palmer, in repeating 

part of this statement, adds, that the substance of this book for the regu- 

lation of ecclesiastical offices, which was entitled the " Custom " book, 

" was probably incorporated into the Missal and other Ritual Books of 

Sarum, and ere long almost the whole of England, Wales, and Ireland 

adopted it." 

The Uses or customs of York, Hereford, Bangor, and Lincoln, must be 
considered as exceptions to this general adoption. In Scotland, the Use of 
Sarum speedily found acceptance, and continued for centuries to be gene- 
rally preferred to that of Rome. Yet such diversities were not under- 
stood to interfere with the unity of reHgious worship. For, as Dr Lingard 
observes, " The service of the Mass had been composed for a particular 

» Origines Liturgicse, or Antiquitiea of the English Ritual, &c., by the Rev. William Palmer, 
vol. i. p. 136. Oxford 1832, 2 vol. 8vo. 

» Polychronicon, lib. vii. cap. iii. Wynken de Worde's edit. 1495, fol. cclxvi. See also 
Wright'8 Biographia Britannica Literaria, Anglo-Norman period, p. 23. 



THE PREFACE. ix 

purpose, the oblation of the Sacrifice ; the Course had in view a more 
general object, to supply matter for prayer at the canonical hours, and was 
therefore more susceptible of diversity of form and arrangement. Hence it 
happened that not only in national churches, but even in neighbouring 
churches of the same nation, considerable discrepancies existed in the per- 

formance of the choral service In the arrangement of the Psalms for 

the several hours of prayer, the selection of lessons and capitula, the form 
of the responsories and collects, the order of the diocesan calendar, and 
the adaptation of epistles and gospels to votive masses and local festivals, 
numerous diversities continued to exist ; for in these points Bishops and 
Abbots, the founders of churches and monasteries, and often the successors 
of the founders, looking upon themselves as legislators for their own sub- 
jects, assumed the hberty of making innovations and improvements, or of 
borrowing those already made by others." ^ 

In the latter part of the fifteenth century there prevailed a tradition that 
the Usages of Sarum were first introduced into Scotland by Edward the 
First, who, in his devastations in the year 1292, caused all the Service 
books of the Church of Eome to be collected and destroyed, and by force 
constrained the Sarum ritual to be adopted. Henry the Minstrel, in his 
metrical history of Sir WilHam Wallace, has the following passage in refer- 
ence to this subject : — 

The Bischoppis all inclynit to his Croun, 

Baith Temporall and the Religioun. 

The Komane buikis that thar wer in Seotland, 

He gart thame beir to Scone, quhair thay thame fand, 

And, but redeme, thay brynt thame all ilk ane : 

Salisbery Use, our Clerkis than hes tane.'' 

1 Lingard's History and Antiquities of the Anglo-Saxon Church, vol. i. pp. 298, 301. 

2 Edit., Edinburgh, printed by Henrie Charteris, 1594, fol. 158. In Dr Jamieson's edit., 
from the MS. written in 1489, we have among other various readings in these lines, 
" bischoprykis," " temporalit^," and " Salysbery oyss." Edinb. 1820, p. 311. 

b 



X THE PREFACE. 

Among the letters of Fatlier Innes, we find that his friend Mr Edgar 
of Rome, Secretary to the old Pretender, had directed his attention to 
these lines ; and in reply he says, " As to the verses of Wallace book you 
desire to havo my thoughts of, they concern the ancient Liturgies of tlie 
Scots, upon which, among other heads of our Antiquities, I formerly began 
a draught of a Dissertation. I shall look out for it, and endeavour to give 
you all the satisfaction I can with the soonest." ' The Dissertation here 
mentioned is not preserved ; but in a letter four days later, he gives the 
result of his researches on the subject, exhibiting in an eminent degree the 
research and minute accuracv for which he was so remarkable. 

" Upon this passage of Wallace book," he says, " it imports, in short, that 
King Edward I., among other ravages, caused burn tlie books of our 
Church Litiu^gies, and substitute for them the Usages of Salisbury or Sarum. 
The same thing in substance is advanced by Hect. Boece in his History,* 
and more distinctly by his translator Bellenden. And in all appearance 
both of them took the story from Bhnd Harry author of Wallace's book, 
who lived about forty years before Boece wrote his History. 

" But whence soever they had this tale, it's absolutely false that King 
Edward I. was the author of introducing the Usages of Sarum into Scot- 
land, or that they were brought in by violence. The contrary is easily 
demonstrated, to witt, that these Usages were brought into Scotland long 
before King Edward's time ; and that they were brought in and settled by 

• Letter dated at Paris, 19th March [1736]. 

» The words of Boyce may be cited. lu reference to " the sindry great cruelties" comraitted 
by Edward I. during his invasion, he says, " Subacta vero Scotia, omnes Consuetudines 
vetercs, omnibus in rebus Scotorum Edwardus abolere statuit .... Itaque liistorias omnes 
Scotorura, omnia sacrarum juxta atque prophanarum rerura volumina concremari ubique 
praecepit, magna decreta poena qui pracceptum contempsisset. Lihros Sacros Anglico ritu 
eomeribi juttit, utque eos solos habcrent, edixit."—{Scotonixa Historia, fol. cccix, edit. 1527 ; 

fol. 298, edit. 1576.) His translator Bellenden renders the last sentence : " He gart the 

Seottis wryte bukis efter the Use of Saruro, and constranit thaym to say efter that Use."— 
(FoL ccix, orig. edit. ; vol. ii. p. 378, edit. 1821.) 



THE PREFACE. li 

our own Bishops, proprio motu, or at the earnest request of the Canons and 
Chapters. 

" This m evident as to the Church of Grlasgo, the only Cathedral of 
Scotland whereof many of the old Eecords escaped the Knoxian flames. 
For Herbert, Bishop of Glasgo, who was .consecrated Bishop a.d. 1147, and 
died A.D. 1164, first settled the Usages of Sarum in his Church ; and this 
settlement, with the other old privileges of Glasgo (such as the free election 
of their Bishops by Dean and Chapter), was confirmed by a BuU of Pope 
Alexander III. a.d. 1172, whereof we have still the original, signed by that 
Pope and the Cardinals ; and if you were curious, you might probably find 
it as yet on that Pope's Register at Rome, dated 3 kalend. April. Pontifi- 
catus A''. 14". 

" These Usages of Sarum were afterwards, together with the other privi- 
ledges and hberties of Glasgo, often confirmed by other Rescripts or BuUs 
of Popes, concessions of Bishops, decrees of the Chapter, and grants of our 
Kings, particularly of King James lY., who was himself honorary Canon 
of Glasgo, as the Kings of France are of St Martin of Tours. 

" For a proof of that, I send you a short note of what concerns this sub- 
ject, &c. . . . In a word, all the Scots Missals or Breviaries I ever saw 
(and I beheve I have seen most of them that escaped our Reformers' 
burning zeal) are all secundum usum Sarum; and so without doubt those 
Usages continued among us till the Knoxian Reformation." * 

After referring to the personal disputes and intrigues among some of 
his brethren, which had the effect of embittering the latter days of this 
worthy old man,^ and of interrupting his historical labours, he adds : 
" You'l be so good as to dispense me answering some of your queries, 

^ Collection of Father Innes's MS. Letters in my possession. The above letter aud some 
others, from transcripts made by Andrew Lumisden, who became Private Secretary to Prince 
Charles Edward, are printed in the Miscellany of the Spalding Club, (vol. ii. p. 364-366, and 
Editor's Preface, p. cxx.) Aberdeen, 1842, 4to. 

* Thomas Innes died at Paris on the 28th of January 1744, aged 82. 



xii THE PREFACE. 

8uch as, When the Roman Use came first into Scotland ? Whether we 
had anciently a proper Use of our own ? " 

The several deeds to which Father Innes referred, as mentioned in the 
foot-note,' are included in the Registrum Episcopatus Glasguensis, printed 
at the expense of the Bannatyne and Maitland Clubs, and need not be 
gpecially quoted. That the Use of Sarum was adopted in other dioceses, 
did not escape his investigations. Thus, of Galfrid, Bishop of Dunkeld, who 
died in the year 1249, it is said of him, " Novam fecit erectionem ad instar 
Ecclesiso Sarum ;" and as the canons were either unqualified, or neglected 
their duties by non-residence, he made various endowments, to secure the 
regular performance of the divine service ; with this intimation, " nec ibidem 
Divinum Officium cantu Gregoriano celebratum fuit." ^ 

Other instances of neglect or irregularity in performing the services of the 
church are recorded. In the contemporary Life of Queen Margaret (who died 
the 16th of November 1093), by Turgot her Confessor, among other abuses 
which this saintly Queen is said to have rectified was the mode in which the 
Mass was celebrated in some parts of the country : " PrsBterea in aliquibus 

* An original letter of the Dean and Cbapter of Salisbury to the Dean and Cbapter of Glas- 
gow, written at their eamest desire, containing an account of the liberties and privileges of Salis- 
bury, dated at Sarum, on the day of Ascension, a.d. 1259. Registrum Glasguense, No. 211. 

Original Charter of William, Bishop of Glasgow, containing a grant of the liberties and 
privileges of Salisbury to the Chapter of Glasgow, dated at Alnecrumbe, on the day of St 
Leonard», a.d. 1258. Ib. No. 207. 

Statute of the Chapter of Glasgow confirming this grant. Glasgow, 2d of January, a.d. 
1258. Ib. No. 208. 

A BuU or Rescript of Pope Gregory X. confirming the Usages of Sarum to Glasgow, dated 
at Lyons, 9th August, a.d. 1274. Ib. No. 215. 

Another Rescript of this Pope to the same purpose, 5th April, a.d. 1275. Ib. No. 227. 

Statute of Glasgow Chapter svbjuramento to the same purpose, a.d. 1325. Ib. No. 273. 

A Bull of Pope Alexander VL, 15 April, a.d. 1493, to the same intent. Ib. No. 465. 

Original Letten of King James the Fourth to the Chapter of Glasgow, confirming these 
old Usages, a.d. 1491. Ib. No. 463. 

• Alex. Myln Vit» Epiacoporum Dunkeldensium, p. 9, 10. Edinburgi, 1823, 4to. 



THE PREFACE. xiii 

locis Scottorum quidam fuerant, qui contra totius Ecclesise consuetudinem, 
nescio quo ritu harbaro Missas celehrare consueverant : quod Eegina, zelo 
Dei accensa, ita destruere atque annihilare studuit, ut deinceps qui tale quid 
prgesumeret, nemo in tota Scottorum gente appareret." ^ It is to be regretted 
that these strange and barbarous rites and usages had not been described.'' 

The Constitutions of Ingelram (or Ingeram Lindesay) Bishop of Aber- 
deen, in the year 1448, are followed by Eules entitled Ordinatio Chori, 
with minute directions for the stations or positions of the choir, and for 
the proper ritual observances in the cathedral church.^ 

The following important passage occurs among the Statutes confirmed 
by the Bishop, Dean and Chapter of Moray, in a convocation held in the 
cathedral church of Elgin in the month of July 1242 : — " Item receptum 
est et approbatum communiter, ut in Divinls Officiis in psallendo, legendo, 
et cantando, ac aUis ad Divina spectantibus, servetur Ordo qui in Ecclesia 
Sahsbyryensi esse noscitur institutus." ^ 

The preference so generally accorded to the Sarum Use is remarkable, 
and may in part be attributed to the jealousy entertained of the encroach- 
raent of the See of York, which had long claimed a metropoHtan jurisdiction 
over the Scottlsh churches. Thls claim, which had always been strenu- 

Vita S. Margaretse, ap. J. Pinkerton, Yitse Antiquge Sanctoriim, &c., p. 341 ; et Acta 
Sanctorum Junii, Tom. ii. p. 331. 

^ Another instance may be pointed out. In the History of the foundation of the Church 
of St Andrews, containing notices of the Culdees, and written about the year 1140, we are 
informed, that Hungus, King of the Picts, made an endowment, " eo nimirum obtentu, et 
conditione, ut in ipsa ecclcsia constitueretur religio ad Deo deserviendum. Non enim erat 
qui beati Apostoli altari deserviret, nec ibi Missa celebrabatur, wm eumltex vel Episcopus Ulo 
advenerat, quod raro contigebat. Keledei namque in angulo quodam ecclesise, quse modica 
nimis erat, mum officium more suo celehrabant." — (Extracts from the Register of St Andrews, 
in the Appendix to Pinkerton's Enquiry, vol. i. p. 464, edit, 1814.) 

^ Registrum Episcopatus Aberdonensis, vol. ii. p. 77-85. 

* Registrum Moraviense, p. 109. Edinburgi, 1837, 4to. 

* Father Innes concludes his letter with saying, " The same usages were followed by most 



xU THE PREFACE. 

ously resisted, may liavc originated in the decreo of Pope Gregory III., in 
tbe eigbth century, by wbich tbe Anglo-Saxon Bisboprics nortb of tbe 
Humber were subjected to tbe autbority of tbe Bisbop of York ; and at 
tbat early period the Lotbians were included in Northumbria ; as parts of 
Cumberland belonged to tbe Crown of Scotland. Lord Hailes, in bis 
Annals of Scotland, under tbe years 1118 to 1123, bas given a full account 
of tbe disputes which took place in regard to tbe noraination and conse- 
cration of Bisbop Turgofs successor to the See of St Andrews, involving 
tbe pretensions of the Archbisbop of York as MetropoHtan in Scotland. 
Tbis was during the reign of Alexander the First.' In 1126, Jobn of 
Crema, a Cardinal priest, Legate from Pope Honorius II., appeared in 
Scotland, and beld a council at Rokesburgb. Tbe Pope proposed, that the 
question concerning tbese pretensions, and the bberties of tlie Scottish 
Churcb, sbould be examined in tbis council ; but be reserved its final 
determination to bimself.'' " Before that time (says Pinkerton) tbere is 
not a trace of any Papal power in Scotland." ' By a Bull of Pope Clement 
III. in the year 1188, and a decretal epistle of Pope Celestine III. in 1191, 
in answer to a mission from Wilbam tbe Lyon, tbe Scottisb Churcb was 
made independent of the See of York, and immediately subject to tbe 
Apostobc See.* 

It is of some importance to be able to ascertain what Kltual books actually 
belonged to some of the chief rebgious estabbshments in Scotland at an 
early period. Two or tbree ancient Inventories tbrow some bgbt on tbis 

of the churche» in Euglaud, even by that of Cauterbury ; but the church of York had proper 
Usagcs of its own, of which I have seen some parts. But our countrymen took care to bor- 
row nothing from York, least the aspiring Prelates of that See might take advantage from 
it to strengthen their claim over our Church : which, upon a thorough examination I made 
formerly of that pretension, I found to be groundless." 

> Annals of Scotland, vol. i. p. 57-72, edit. 1819. * Ib. p. 75, vol. ii. p. 396. 

' Enquiry into the Early History of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 270. 

♦ 8ir James Dalrj-mple'» Collections, p. 325 ; Wilkins'3 Concilia, vol. i. p. 495 ; Lord 
H«iles'8 Historical Memorials, &c. 



THE PREFACE. 



XT 



subject, The Prlory of Loclilevin, or the Isle of St Servanus, which origi- 
nally belonged to the Culdees, was conveyed by a charter of David the 
First, to the Order of Canons Regular of St Austin and their Priory, newly 
erected, at St Andrews.^ On this occasion, or about the year 1150, it 
appears that the vestments, books, and other property of the Culdees were 
violently taken from them. Among the books, which are specified in a 
deed of Robert Bishop of St Andrews, in favour of Prior Robert, we find 
a, Pastorale, a Graduale, and ii Missale ; the entire number consisting of 
seventeen books.^ 

In the Library of the Cathedral Church of Glasgow, in the year 1432, 
for the use of the choir we find a Missale, pulchrum notatum, for the high 
altar, and nine other Missals, large and small, for other altars, some of 
them noted, others not ; an Epistolare, with the Gospels ; a Catholicon, said 
to be valde preciosum ; two Legenda Sanctorum, a JBiblia pulchra, and seven 
3reviaria, some of them called Portiforia ; five Psalteria, seven Anti- 
phonaria, four of them having Psalters ; three Gradalia of a large size, and 
other three smaller ; five Processionaria, besides a Collectarium, Ordinarium, 
two Libri Pontificales, each in two volumes ; and a few others. AU these 
books were distinguished by their colours, size, number of volumes, or the 
place where they were deposited, some being chained to the stalls or beside 
the altars, others preserved in chests and presses.^ 

In the Inventory of the books, jewels, &c., of the Cathedral Church of 
Aberdeen, dated in the year 1436, the books, which are numerous, are 
classed under the heads of Theology, the Canon Law, the Civil Law (speci- 
fying also various books of Decretals, &c., not to be found in the Library) ; 

^ See a facsimile of the original Chartei* in Anderson's Diploraata Scotife, and in the Regis- 
trum Prioratus Sancti Andreoe, p. xvi. 

^ Registrum Prioratus Sancti Andrese, p. 43 ; Jamieson's History of theCuldees, pp. 135, 378. 

•' Registrum Episcopatus Grlasguensis, vol, i. p. xliii. Yol. ii. p. 334. Inventory of the 
Ornaments, Reliques, &c., belonging to the Cathedral Church of Glasgow, 1432. Grlasgow, 
printed for the Maitland Club, 1831, 4to. 



xri THE PREFACE. 

and foUowed by a Hst of books in comraon use for tbe Choir.' Among tbese, 
tbere are Antipbonaries, Grails, Psalters, Processionals, Missals, Breviaries, 
&c., presented by different Bisbops and otber persons, in all amounting to 
sixty-four books. Of tbe Antiphonaria, two are described as non de Usu 
nostro : tbere is bkewise a Pontijicale pulchrum de ilsu Curie Romane. Tbe 
others do not indicate any particular TJse. Another bst of tbe books is 
dated in tbe year 1464-5, but is not so full.' At a still later date,' among 
the silver work, &c., is included a Pontificale vetus, ex pergameno sed deco- 
ratum et reformatum per reuerendum quondam patrem Villelmum Elphinston 
episcopum, ornamented with silver clasps and tbe Bisbop's arms ; also, a 
Liber Epistolarum, optime ornatus, per anni cursum, richly decorated. 

In the Visitation of King*s College, Aberdeen, in tbe year 1542, a regis- 
ter was taken of the jewels, silver ornaments, and otber vessels, &c., in the 
Cbapel of the CoUege, in whicb Bisbop Elphinstone the founder Hes 
interred. Books are also specified, consisting of five Antipbonaries, and 
seven Psalters, all on vellum, and iUuminated, with letters of gold, silver, and 
azure ; four Breviaries, four Missals, two Legendce, altera de Tempore, altera 
de Sanctis, eigbt Processionals, Lfuo libri Mubricorum pro juvenibus ; witli 
some otbers.* 

On the 4th of Febniary 1549-50, Arcbbishop Cranmer issued the Injunc- 
tions given by Edward VI., by wbich the Bisbop of each diocese was directed 
to command tbe dean, prebendaries, and otber persons, to bring and dehver 
" all Antipboners, Missales, Grayles, Processionalles, Manuelles, Legendes, 
Pies, Portasies, Jornalles, and Ordinalles, after the use of Sarum, Lincoln, 
Yorke, or any otber private use, and all otber bokes of service, the keping 
wherof sbold be a let to thQ usage of the said Boke of Commone Prayers ; 

' Registnim Episcopatus Aberdonensis, vol. ii. p. 127-137. 

» Ib. p. 154-159. *Ib. p. 187. 

* Fasti Aberdonenses : Selections from the Records of tbe University and King's CoUege 
of Aberdeen, p. 569. Aberdeen, Spalding Club, 1 854, 4to ; Orem'» Description of Abordeen, 
p. 149, edit. 1782, 4to. 



THE PREFACE. xm 

and that you take the same bokes into your handes, or into the handes of 
your deputie, and them so deface and abolyshe that they never after may 
serve eyther to anie soche use, as they were provided for, or be at any time 
a lett to that godly and uniforme Ordre, which by a common consente is now 
set forthe." ^ These Injunctions, afterwards confirmed and extended by an 
Act of Parhament/ were thus intended as the first effort for abrogating 
" their old Latin service/' after the Book of Common Prayer was introduced 
into the Church of England. 

In Scotland, at the time of the Reformation, all these old Service books 
were swept away, or carried abroad by the adherents of the ancient faith. 
In pubhc Libraries, as well as in private collections, numerous Missals, Hours, 
and other books of ritual are still preserved ; but few of them can be iden- 
tified as having belonged to any of the Scottish churches or monasteries. 
One remarkable exception, known as the Arbuthnott Missal, is a large 
foho, written and illuminated in the year 1491-2, and presented to the 
Church of St Ternan at Arbuthnott in Kincardineshire. This " Liber 
Ecclesise Sancti Terrenani de Arbuthnot," for so it is entitled at the top 
of each page, being thus authenticated, is of considerable importance, as 
recording the form of service used in the diocese of St Andrews ; and it might 
be worthy of pubhcation, although, according to Father Innes, it is *' entirely 
conformable to the Usages of Sarum." There is, I understand, a corres- 
ponding volume of the Hours of the Yirgin, written at the same time, but 
this I have not had an opportunity of examining. Innes, in the letter 
already quoted, says, " It appears that our churchmen, to save the expense 
of printing, made use generally of hturgicall books, either MS. or 
printed in France or England; but all of them Secundum usum Sarum, 
adding only to the Kalendar the names of our local Saints in write : of 
which kind we have two Missals in our Library [of the Scots College at 
Paris], one of which, given me by Bishop Gordon, had belonged to Mr 

^ Dr Oardweirs Doeumentary Annals of the Reformed Church of England, vol. i. p. 74, 
Oxford, 1839, 2 vol. 8vo. » Act 3 & 4 Edward VI. cap. 10. 





xviu THE PREFACE. 

James Gordon, the last Chancellor of the Church of Murray, and, in that 
quality, the last Cathohck pastor of St Peter of Innerawin, which was the 
parish where I aerved in Scotland three years." 

In tho Univoreity Library of Edinburgh, among the books bequeathed in 
1580 by Clement Little, one of the Commissaries, is an edition of the Salis- 
bury Breviary, printed at Rouen in the year 1496, with such manuscript 
additions made to the Calendar ; and from these, and a note on the reverse' 
of the title, we learn that it had been presented by the Founder to a Chapel 
of St John the Baptist, in some locality not specified ; and that this chapel 
had been founded in the year 1511, and dedicated by the Bisliop of 
Orkney in 1513.^ 

* As this edition, in large folio, is not described by Hain or any other bibliographer, a 
brief notice of it may be added. The titlo is simply I3re6uirtttm aO bium ^aruui, over a largc 
rude wood-cut of St Oeorge and the dragon. On the reverse of this title is written, (the first 
line being deleted,) "LiberSancti Johannisdatumperfundatorem" "... Joye." — "Liberdni 
Johannis Crawfurd." After the title is sign. a continued to z in eights, with this colophon : 
" Finis officiorum dominicalium." Then follow eight leaves marked «, containing " Benedic- 
tiones Matutinales," " Rubrice generales," and the Calendar. Many names of Scottish Saints 
are inserted'in MS. Among these entries, we find, " Pridie idus Junij : anno dni. M". v°. xj". 
Fnndacio capelle Sci. Johannis baptiste." — 4 kal. Maij : " Dedicatio ecclesie Sci. Johannis 
baptiste, aano dtVi. M". v. xiij^ xxiiij die mensls instantis per Episcopum Orcadcnsem." The 
next division contains " Dorainica prima," with the Psalter, the Litany, the OflBcium Mortuo- 
rum, &c., on signatures A to I, eights, excepting G and I, which have only slx. A new set 
of signatures is continued from a a to y y 7 in eights. On the last page is this colophon, 
printed in red letters : — " Diuini oflicii per totius anni circulum tam de terapore quam de 
sanctis / ne dicam breuiarium : sed vt verius et ita loquar / ordinarium sarum : iamiam necnon 
% nuper cura solerti ac peruigili eruditissimorum virorum celo limaque correctionb multa 
luoubn^ione oastigatum ac iterum emendatum. Ad laudem honorem magnificentiam et 
gloriam ipsius vcri dei summi optimi maximl totiusque celestis excrcitus : ac insuper com- 
mendationem celeberrimi cleri famosissime ac inter occiduas nominatissime ecclesie sarum 
prelibate : ere « impensa honesti viri Johannis richardl mercatoris Industriaque experti in arte 
impressoria viri mag^tri Martini Morin inclite ciuitatis Rothomagensis ciuis non immeriti 
tene / luculenter et accurate impressum Anno gratie Millesimo quadringentesimo nonagesimo 
lexto / tercio Nonaa Nouembris feliciter fecit." 



THE PREFACE. iik 

I happen to possess a Breviary of the latter part of the thirteenth cen- 
tury, which seems to be of the SaUsbury Use, as the general rubrics, before 
the Psalter, begin with the words " Hec sunt festa duphcia in Ecclesia Sarum»" 
It is a thick volume in octavo, consisting of 475 leaves, written on vellurti 
in double columns, with musical notes to the sequences, graduals, hymns, 
and other portions of the service that were chanted. I notice this manu- 
script from the circumstance, that besides notes on the Calendar, there is 
written on the blank leaves, in some parts now scarcely legible, a chrono- 
logical series of events in Scotland from the time of King Malcolm, a.d. 
1056, to the end of the fourteenth century, when they appear to have been 
inserted in the volume. The last nine pages contain the office and legend 
of St Kentigern, in a larger, but contemporary hand with the Breviary ; 
but these leaves are unfortunately mutilated.^ 

Another manuscript worthy of special notice is a large volume or 
Ritual of the Abbey Church of Holyrood, in the possession of Mr Pringle 
of Whytbank. It was written in the reign of Robert III., and contains, in 
its earhest form, the Miraculosa fundatio of the Church of the Holy Rood 
or Cross, by David I. in 1128. The volume is minutely described by the 
Editor of the Charters of Holyrood ; ^ and some portions of it are printed in 
volume second of the Bannatyne Miscellany. A later volume of this class, is 
the " Epistolare de Tempore et de Sanctis, ad Cathedrahs Ecclesie Aberdon- 

^ Innes, in his Critical Essay, vol. ii. p. 5^5, mentions his having seen a somewhat similar 
MS. at Drummond Castle. But this and the ♦' other MSS." to which Innes alludes were 
probably lost or dispersed when the Perth Estates were forfeited. He describes the Breviary 
as containing in it *' an exact chronology, beginning a.d. 1067, at the marriage of Malcolm 
III. and S. Margaret, and from thence down till about a.d. 1350 (when it appears to have 
been written), containing the principal transactions of the kingdom." Although not answer- 
ing exactly his description, it might possibly have been this identical volume, which came 
from the Library at Logiealmond, and was given me by the late Right Hon. Sir William 
Drummond of Logiealmond. 

^ Liber Cartarum Sancte Crucis, p. cxxxiii, printed for the Bannatyne Club, at the expense 
of the Earl of EUesmere, in 1842, and edited by Cosmo Innes, Esq. 



XX 



THE PREFACE. 



ensis vsum ac consuetudinem, per anni circulum." It contains the lessons 
from the Old and New Testament for the whole year ; and bcars an inscrip- 
tion, stating that it was written at Antwerp by order of Gawin Dunbar, 
Bishop of Aberdeen, in 1527. The Calendar and portions of this handsome 
volume are printed in the second volume of the Registrum Episcopatus 
Aberdonensis, with a facsimile of some of the illuminated initial letters. In 
the University Library, Edinburgh, is a manuscript on vellum of the same 
period, written in large letters, and bearing this title : " Incipit Martyrolo- 
gium, secundum usum Ecclesie Aberdonen." It is a general commemoration 
of Saints under the respective festival days ; and its interest consists in 
enumerating the churches dedicated to our local Saints. The Calendar of 
Feme, in the possession of the Duke of Sutherland, had evidently formed 
part of a Service book, in krge foho, written in the fifteenth century. The 
Abbey of Ferne, in tho county of Ross, was founded in the reign of Alex- 
ander It. The Obit Book of the Church of St John the Baptist, Ayr, from 
the year 1306 to the end of the sixteenth century, is also preserved, and has 
recently been published.^ A few manuscript Psalters or Choral Books mlght 
also be specified as preserved in different collections.^ I however proceed to 
the more immediate object of this Preface, by stating that previous to the 
appearance of the Breviary of Aberdeen, no evidence has been discovered of 
any attempt at providing the Scottish Church with a pecuhar use or service. 

The Breviary of Aberdeen cannot fail to be regarded with interest, from 
the circumstances connected with its pubHcation. The work was prepared 
and completed under the personal superintendence of William Elphin- 
STONE, BisHOP OF Aberdeen, a prelate who has obtained a high character 
as an enhghtened and hberal patron of lcarning. It may be inferred from 
the words of his contemporary biographer, Hector Boyce, and other writers, 

* With a translation, and notes, by Jaraes Paterson. Edinb. 1848, 4to. 

* Such, for instance, as tbe Antiphonarium, in the Advocates Library, written by Robert 
Carver, one of the Canons of the Monaatery of Scone, prior to the Reformation. 



THE PREFACE. xxi 

that several of the Lessons appointed in the Propbium Sanctortjm to be 
read on the festivals of the Scottish Saints, either were written by the 
Bishop hiraself, or were the result of researches instituted by his order 
into the ecclesiastical annals and traditions of the nation. That the work 
was the result of great care and labour, need scarcely be remarked. For 
the purpose of having it printed for general use, and under his immediate 
inspection, we are fully warranted in attributing to this Prelate the scheme 
which secured the establishment of a printing press in this country. More 
than half a century had elapsed after the invention of Prlnting, and the 
art had been practised in England by Caxton and his successors for 
upwards of thirty years, before any plan was contemplated to introduce 
its benefits into Scotland. At length, on the 15th of September 1507, 
James the Fourth made a grant of exclusive privileges to Walter Chepman 
and Andrew Myllar, two burgesses of Edinburgb, who had undertaken to 
procure and bring home all the printing materials required, " with expert 
men to ufe the farayne," which could not be accomphshed, it is said, " with- 
out rycht greit coft, labour, and expens," for the purpose of " iraprenting 
within our Eealrae of the bukis of our Lawis, Adis of Parliament, Cronichs, 
Mefs bukis, and Portuus ^ efter the ufe of our Realme, with addicions and 
legendis of Scottis San6lis, now gaderit to be ekit tharto." 

In the sarae document it is further enacted, " And alfe It is divifit and 
thocht expedient be Us and our Confall, that in tyme cuming Mefs bukis, 
Manualis, Matyne bukis, and Portuus bukis, efter our awin Scottis XJse, and 
with legendis of Scottis Sandis, as is now gaderit and ekit be ane Reverend 
father in God, and our traifi, confalour Wilhame Bifchope of Abirdene and 
utheris, be ufit generaly within al our Realme alflbne as the fammyn may 
be iraprentit and providit, and that na raaner of fic bukis of Salulbery Ufe 
be brocht to be fauld within our Eealrae in tyra cumlng : and gif ony dois 
in the contrair, that thay fal tyne the famrayne." ^ Frora this we learn that 

* The name Portuus, Portasse, or Portiforium, was frequently applied to the Breviaiy. 
» Registrum Secreti Sigilli, vol. iii. fol. 129. 



xxii THE PREFACE. 

the Breviary had already been prepared, although one vohime was not 
completed before 1509, and the other in thc following year. 

Of the earher productions of Chepman and Myllar's press, a solitary 
volume, with the date 1508, has reached our times. It consists of metrical 
romances, and other poetical pieces, including some of the contemporary 
productions of Dunbar.* Ab the name of Chepman alone appears as the 
printer of the Breviary, we may conjecture that his partner Myllar was then 
dead. That many similar productions continued to be printed is in some 
measure ascertained by the discovery of a few mutilated leaves or fragments 
of works no longer extant. Of the Breviary itsclf, only four copies more 
or lcss imperfect are known.^ The increasing importance attached to such 
works, suggested more than one attempt to have it preserved in an accessible 
form by a careful and accurate republication. This has at length been 
accomplished, with no ordinary degree of elegance and minute accuracy, 
alike creditable to the Editor, the Printer, and the Publisher. The labour 
which this has exacted more especially from the Editor, the Rev. William 
Blew, A.M., few persons are able fully to appreciate. The original is in 
the size of small octavo. In the reprint, page for page has been given, 
the size of type being enlarged for the sake of distinctness ; and as it was 
not desirable that the manifest blunders of the original printer should be 
retained, the mode adopted by the learned Editor may be best explained 
in his own words.* 

" The plan adopted in re-editing the Aberdeen Breviary has been, as 

» There is a facsimile reprint of this volume, under the title of " The Knightly Tale of 
Golagrus and Gawane, and other Ancient Poems. Printed at Edinburgh by W. Chepman 
and A. Myllar in the year M.D.viij. Reprinted M.Dccc.xxvij." 4to. 

• These copies are, Ist, in the University Library, Edinburgh ; 2d, in the Library of the 
Faculty of Advocates ; 3d, in the Earl of Strathmore'3 Library at Glammes Castle ; and 4th, 
one volume only in the Library of King's CoUege, Aberdeen. The first of these is the only 
copy that possesses a title-page. There waa also a copy, in Innes's time, in the Scota CoUege 
at Paris, but the fate of it is unknown. 

» In a letter to Mr Toovey, the publisher of the work. 



THE PREFACE. 



xxm 



you are aware, to keep as close to the origlnal edition as possible ; to pro- 
duce, in fact, as complete a facsimile of the two small volumes of 1509 and 
1510, as was compatible with the enlargement of size, the magnificence of 
the type, and the due exercise of judgment in amending flagrant and patent 
errors, such as deformed the original impression. 

" However, even here, the old printers' pecuharities, not to call them 
inadvertencies, have been singly and separately weighed, and in most 
cases retained ; in every case, indeed, where no confusion could arise from 
their retention, and where no palpable blunder would be perpetuated. 

" As to the Lessons, whether Lectios from Holy Scripture, or Homihes, 
or Legends, what the original Editor evidently intended to stand, however 
seemingly strange in construction, has been rehgiously kept, if it did but 
make a sense, which might possibly be that of its first Editor. 

" Where, through homoteleuions or clear oversight, omissions have been 
made, that marred, in toto, the sense of the passages in question, those 
oraissions have been supphed from the earhest editions, or at least from 
those, wliether of Bibles, Breviaries, or editions of the Eathers, which were 
most hkely to have reached the hands of the old Aberdeen (or Edinburgh) 
Editor, and to have been used by him for collation with his MSS., and for 
the setting up of the existing text, as we find it in the little copies of 
Walter Chepman," &c. 

That the work was deserving of so much care, arises from two consider- 
ations. This Breviary is the only existing XJse proper to Scotland, and is 
therefore of importance to those who regard with interest such an authentic 
record of the ancient forms and usages of the Scottish Church. It has also 
some claims on account of its historical and hterary value. That great care 
was bestowed by Bishop Elphinstone and his assistants in preparing the 
work for the press, is evident. In regard to the Legends of the Saints, it 
forms the chief source from which the Bollandists and Scottish Martyrolo- 
gists have derived their information; and its general accuracy has been 
tested by comparison of passages which are quoted from Beda and other 



ZXIT 



THE PREFACE. 



early writers whoso works stUl exist. . On this head, in the prospectus of 
this repubhcation, it is remarked, — 

" The fragments of biography, indeed the legends and the hymns which 
are here enshrined, preserve under the seal of church authority, much more 
than is elsewhere recorded of that greatest of events in the History of 
Scotland, the conversion of her tribes to the Christian faith. In the 
instance of some of the chief missions, such as those of Saint Ninian and 
Saint Columba, Saint Kentigem and Saint Serf, the original materials 
employed in the preparation of the work, have, in whole or in part, 
descended to our own day ; and the remarkable fidehty with which we find 
these recited in its pages, warrants us in placing a high value upon the 
accounts that are given of other apostles and early teachers, of whose pious 
enterprise every older memorial has passed away. The frequent details of 
this kind which the Breviary suppHes, are scarcely more interesting in their 
unlooked for novelty, than in their characteristic minuteness, which is such 
as not unfrequently to surprise the provincial, or even the parochial anti- 
quarian, by the commemoration of places once venerable in the religious 
associations of a people, but now so forgotten, that the significant names 
which were then impressed upon them, have long ceased to be understood." 

Wliether the great object contemplated by Bishop Elphinstone in this 
Breviary was attained, in its being received throughout the Scottish Church, 
may at least be considered as extremely doubtful. In England a special 
injunction, issued by the Archbishop of Canterbury, and confirmed by an 
Act of ParUament, was deemed necessary, when the Book of Common Prayer, 
of Edward the Sixth, was enjoined to be used, in place of " the great diver- 
aity of saying and singing in churches within the realme." But it is to be 
observed that the imposition of the Aberdeen Service books, and the sup- 
pression of all other forms, never received the sanction of ecclesiastical 
authority, by any Canon of the Scottish Church ; and excepting the pecu- 
liar differences in the Proper offices, adapted to Scotland, (several of which 
might be esteemed as much more suitable for one diocese than another,) 



THE PREFACE. xxv 

tlie Breviary of Aberdeen was founded upon and conformable in all essential 
points to that of Salisbury, which it was intended to supersede. We may 
therefore infer, that as Scotland was divided into thirteen dioceses, some 
distinct traces would have unquestionably been discovered, had the adoption 
of this Service book extended beyond that of Aberdeen. 

That Chepman had likewise printed editions of the Missal and of the 
Hours of the Yirgin, accommodated to the usages of this country, we have 
good reason to believe, although no copies are now extant. The exclusive 
privileges which he had obtained were invaded by various persons, merchants 
within the borough of Edinburgh, who continued to import and daily to sell 
books of the Use of Sahsbury, " fic as Mefs-bukis, Mannuahs, Portuifis, 
Matine-bukis, and divers uther bukis," as we learn from a complaint made 
by Chepman to the Lords of Privy Council, on the 14th of January 
1509-10, in which it is stated that " he, at the defyre of our Soverane 
Lord, had furnift and brocht haim ane prent and prentaris, for prenting of 
Cronicles, MiflaUs, Portuufis, and utheris bukis within this realme, and to 
SECLUDE Salisberyis Use." * It is most evident that the printer could not 
complain of his rights having been infringed, and the Privy Council would 
not have prohibited the importing or seUing " within this Realme, ony of 
the hukis aboue written of ihe said TJse of Salushery, in tyme to cum," if 
editions of such books had not akeady issued from his press to supply the 
demand. 

Walter Chepman, who thus had the honour of introducing the art of 
printing into Scotland, was a burgess of Edinburgh. Along with the 
business of a general merchant, towards the close of the fifteenth century 
he was also employed officially in writing letters, as one of the two clerks 
to the Signet. As a man of opulence, he was probably selected by Bishop 
Elphinstone to complete the arrangements for importing the materials of 
types, printing press, and workmen. Several particulars concerning him 
are inserted in the Preface to the repubHcation of Ancient Poems above 
* Acta Dominorum Concilii, vol. xxi. fol. 70. 
d 



xxn 



THE PREFACE. 



mentioned ; and it raight here be deemed out of place to quote from the 
pubhc Records, various incidental notices of Chepman and his occupations, 
from the year 1494 to the end of the reign of James the Fourth. He 
endowed, in 1513, a chaplainry at one of the altars, and afterwards founded 
a chapel in connexion with the collegiate Church of St Giles in Edinburgh. 
He appears to have survived till the year 1530. 

Keither is it here necessary to give any detailed account of Bishop 
Elphinstone. His father, WiUiam Elphinstone, was Rector of Kirkmichael, 
(1437,) a Canon of Glasgow, (1451 to 1483,) and Archdeacon of Teviotdale 
(1482). He died in 1484. As a priest he could have no legitimate issue ; 
and his son WiUiam, who was born in Glasgow in the year 1437, must 
have obtained letters of legitimation before he was admitted to holy orders. 
After completing his studies in the newly erected University in his native 
city, where he took hls Master's degree in 1462, he spent some years abroad, 
chiefly at Paris and Orleans, in the study of the canon and the civil law. He 
took the degree of Doctor of the Canon Law at Paris. Having retumed to 
Scotland, he held several successive appointments, was nominated Bishop 
of Aberdeen in 1483., was much employed in pubHc affairs, and became the 
founder of King*s College, Aberdeen, in 1494. He died on the 25th of 
October 1514, in the eighty-third year of his age.' 

In conclusion, I have to express my regret that the Editor of the Breviary 
should have thought it unnecessaiy to accompany it with aiiy prefatory 
remarks. The preceding notices, therefore, have been collected, solely in 
compUance with the request of a Meeting of the Bannattnb Club, (after the 
Volumes had been in circulation among the Members,) that some bibUogra- 

' Uect. Boethii Murthlacensium et Aberdonensium Episcoporum Vitaj. Paris. 1522 ; editio 
altera, Edinb. 1824, 4to. In the Preface (p. xlii-li) of the Registrum Episcopatus Aberdonensis, 
1845, and (p. ix-xviii) of the Fasti Aberdonenses, &c., 1854, many interesting particulars 
are given of the life and liberal designs of Bishop Elphinstone. The latter work contains his 
portrait from the original paiating in Eiug'8 Coliege, Aberdeen. 



THE PREFACE. xxvii 

phical information respecting the work should be prepared for their copies. — 
In the Glammes copy of the Breviary there is preserved an extra sheet of 
eight leaves, professing to have been printed at the expense of a private 
individual named Charles Stule, or it might be Scule.^ On the 29th of 
October 1519, " Dompnus Carolus Stuyle rehgiosus monachus de Kilwyn- 
nyng," was incorporated in the University of Glasgow,^ and it is no impro- 
bable conjecture that this may have been the same individual. A tolerably 
exact facsimile of this addition is herewith annexed. It has no date, but 
it may be assigned to the year 1520. The original is possessed of some 
typographical interest as furnishing the name of a printer in Edinburgh, 
John Story, hitherto unknown in our Hterary annals ; he had probably 
been in Chepman's employment, and may have become his successor. It 
is at least printed with the same types as the Breviary ; and contains the 
Office of Our Lady of Pity, or Compassion of the Virgin, commemorated 
on the Friday of Passion Week. Along with this is the legend of the 
advent of the rehcs of St Andrew, brought to Scotland in the third cen- 
tury by St Regulus, a Greek monk of Patrse, abridged in the identical 
words of Bower, the continuator of Fordun's Scotichronicon.^ 

David Laing. 

Edinburgh, Septmber 1855. 

1 The name of Jacobus Scuill, Notary Public, occurs in the year 1525. (Bannatyne Mis- 
cellany, vol. iii. p. 110.) 

- Munimenta Universitatis Glasguensis, vol. ii. p. 136. 

^ Vol. i. pp. 94-97 In the latest published volume of the Acta Sanctorum, being Vol. VIIE. 

of the Month of October, (Bruxellis, 1853,) the legend of St Eegulus and his associates is 
accompanied with a dissertation on the Culdees by one of the editors, Father Joseph Van Hecke. 
The learned writer maintains that they were not monks, but belonged to the secular clergy, 
and were always subject to the See of Eome ; that the name Culdees was not known anterior 
to the ninth century ; and that, towards tho beginning of the twelfth century, they were 
converted into Canons Kegular. — (Pp. 165-168.) This is not the place to examine or con- 
trovert any of his statements. 



(dampattia Itatt JHarie. 



31 13 itiia ttaltttaU caixu 
puiiianii htatt Mavit, 
quats ttltbvntttv atnTuattin 
ftvia qviavta pait tsamini^ 
(ffni in vami^ paXmavum. 
^ prima^ bti^tvu^. ^n, 

OMni^ ttSiS tstiltnt 
mavttm ialnntavi^ 
qlaviait btrgtni^ pretc]ctttm 
tfalffri^, pfaTint itviaXtS. 
^n.iSffctm qua ^p^. rapitur 
birgff in iampntm tfujcit tt 
fffjpffratitf ctttvi^ iltnii ptV' 
uigil rnnaitfit. ^n. dTitnffir 
nimi^ Utiili^i naj: nimiii 
amara: matriiS qn. rapiter : tip 
prfftc^ rara. ^n. iSttnq. mas 
ter 3f ertulit tam anjriff^ IfffTff* 
vt^ bt maria fiTii ronfiUeran^ 
liuffrc^ ^n. ^ubtn^ calav 
bertitnr btu matri^ iit paT^» 
Tffrem : tfum maria fiTii bi* 
tferet rruffrem. CapftttTum. 
•tt- iSuaTefrcnte feuitia 
•^ genti^ iutfaiee tfum 
cflram pffntiff piTatff pre* 
ft^e bffriferante)^ elama* 
uerunt erueifige: Iftu Bar* 



rafiai^ tfimittitur et inna:: 
ctnS mavit biv^ini^ iiW^ 
rrueifigitur. i^t 8F^enite^in* 
guTi matri rffneinite in cu- 
iuS iiXii Tauamur fangui* 
ne. Cum ip^a pTanctifiuiS 
fruamur intimi)^ : nffftraS 
faeiesf riganlfff Tacrimiif : 
W. (©cuTug nofter pungatur 
amflrifJ ftimuTo: lieu mater 
raren:* ^tagio tam tiuTct pri 
uatur fiTiff. Cum ipffa. W9 
*r ^peratrijf cTemen* 
'*"^ tie rffrem infuntfegre. 
in cav meum peraritf tim : bt 
tibi fiat pTacitum. ttar* 
gire et cffncipiam tecum cffr* 
tfi^ anguftiam: fTeniS mor 
tem quam re;: patitur per 
quem muntius conftruitur. 
d^iui tractatur fiTi^ Ton* 
geque Tatro biTiu^: irrifu^ 
fert Tutril&ria gentc baXTa 
ttti^ impia, ^iitiu nate tit 
birgine fine iJtritf femine: 
qui mortem crucijf paterijf 
confofftt^ cTaui^ afperis. 
^lmore matri^ anyie nff^tre 



CampattUt 



pn tmi mi(ttit {ttfq; dti'^ ca 
p(x nai trnrat als releftta: 
i^it jbonor Tautf ^reuotto 
Si^tttt madt ftlto tenfo 
nract^ patt&ulo pro retrt' 
tnentio pplo. 9men. ^. ^ta» 
bat {n|;ta rrurem mater. iSt 
Utrimt (n mayillii eC. ^n. 
I^trgo paffo filto penam mor» 
ti^ intiCcat et pleBt^ {tan^ 
fn metito Volorem muIttpUrat 
6rgente {upplttio bore^ me* 
itui repltratque quontfam pre 
gattlrto rertntt magntfirat 
JpK. iHagnCfirat ^ratCo. 
Y^ ©mCne S^htin ^pe. 
«*^ birgtniiJ marie fili 
lrttlri{{ime: qui rum protfii' 
tere rena{ti treinlre rap* 
tni( et biliter trartatuil 
Ittiiti. ipre^ta que{umu^ : 
bt qttotf ti&i et tue {anrti{{ime 
genetriri rompatimur : ba* 
bi{rum {ine termino manere 
meresmnr. (Q^tti binu$. ttr. 
Ko mntuttnnt; ^nuttat, 
Cnm maria birgine itv» 
ttOst plocemu)^. 3n {epnlrro 



po{itnm regem fHUtttwmi» 
i-ti. S^enite. 9)$mnntf. 

aSl{te parentitf bi{re* 
ra pena torquentnr 
a{pera tfum illam quem ron' 
reperant berbo perner{i ber 
berant. JTIum ligant rru* 
treliter re"irnnt rruentum 
arrtter : jbor auBfenti* anyie 
matviiJ rrelrnnt angnftie. 
^tts tSttm ati cmcem lfn« 
ritur tunr mater tri{tiiS {e« 
quitur: pertufl pcoluntren^ 
netibu^ cor aScien^ )ro« 
loribu^. dPt quiii; re{erre 
poterit trolorem qnem tunc 
\)ahuit : cnm pro nato qnem 
genuit tri{cipulnm {n^cipe* 
ret. JBeata fpt pa{{(o iit 
no{tra liberatio et per ma- 
r(e merita peaati tirtur 
benia. ^onor marie 6« 
I(o qu( pen^eni^ (n patibn^ 
lo tlamami tmiiit ipiti^s 
tnm : mnntinmqne {alnanit 
languitinm. jHn prtmo nort. 
Hn ^ulla nottit gen(tr()r 
angn{t(ai$ tam tinraii: cnm 



htait Mavit. 



pXaqa^ atpictvtt tt tapiti^ 
pnmtuva^. ^^. Baraint 
titui noittv. hi\. Mtiptva» 
ta cretfttur que cuTpant JTffJt 
cffmnxtftt: Jincltnato tapitt 
tJum fpfritum em(fit. pjj. 
ilLtli enarrant. ^n. ©t 
cum pXavat mortem pvaXiii 
quam cruetfijrtt pffjjulu)^ : 
folus erat fonfolator etug 
ruftff^ tiifctpulus. 0^. Bni. 
$it terra. <^. Cetert jjarum 
tfffrmteBant. ^arta mefta 
eeleBrat fetgiltaiS. Hectto. i. 
^^ Si ctXthvi memffria 
**^ fitieltum ecclefta re* 
cffltt natalttia martgrum 
qut gprff ^jjff. grauta fttpplts 
cia jpertulerunt itt futiS cffr* 
pffrtBuS: quatttff equtu^ elt 
marle beneratffrtfiu^ j)te 
recfflere tvintiaS tffflffreiS 
tt anjrtaff pena^ : qua^ tjp^a 
birgff et mater facrattfft* 
ma pro f 50. pertulft In ata. 
fua. IRe, ConfoIarC mater 
non potutt flc tractarC hu 
tstnH qnem s^nu(t. 0tc mt 



norem trolorem "^abuit quam 
faluator qui tot fuftinuft. 
^. IHortem tiui cernend 
quem aluit : nulla mater 
ftc ftnquam Uoluit. iJ8ec m(-» 
norcm. ftectfo fccuntia. 

>|^ ^m iicut anfma cor 
«*•' povt raulto yluj* cft 
yreftantfor : fta anfme trfftf* 
cfaquamcorporfdtiolorlonjse 
cft amarfor. ^am corj^uK 
ffne anfma non Kolenter 
jatftur fetf anfma ffne cor* 
^oreacerlkfiTfme quam plurfed 
angftur. Ue. J3um feitfet ftip» 
plfcfa raortf^ ejrqufffta tffr* 
quetur anguftfa fletu eft 
attrfta tti"lfuanff fpacfo 
tfum langueret fta. S>qua 
let efuff facfci^ nuper jolf* 
ta. W. slpena^ffc eyafperaniS 
nunquam eft auHfta longe ff= 
Bf carfffr erat raor^ quam bi= 
ta. ^qualet. Stectiff iff. 
rr^ antff ergff celeBrantJa 
^^ cft fteatffffme bfrjjf* 
nf^ Bolorofa corapafffo (eftf 
ufor quanto anfmf tiuH trff- 



(e.BmpuUitt 



tUi&intSMUqnnm altorum 
marttrum corporaU* «ru 
ci&tui erat penaKor. iXt. 
i^egina clementC£(tma btr 
go mater ^pi. rum btlferet 
ffltum morte morC tr(£t{ 
non iuii tovtovibui unyia. 
fuifti. ^ftr pTangeng et laerf 
mmi temet affH^ifti. 9S. 
fiSlanwi torquentf acrfter 
anjria fteutfti : nfl quntf effet 
reprobum futfefK irfrfftf- 
j^etr plangenii. 3in (ecuntro 
nocturno. 9n. ^fttuarum 
larrfmarum o marfa rfuu^ 
fn torlre lapfHeo: merorf^ 
motfuut(. |dd. <!?ruetauft. 
<jHn. lf(ecoIamu<( hir^inii 
glorfofe luttni trum fn tem« 
plo ^aminuit binctuf^ effet 
iTuctu^. ^i. JBtui nofter 
refugfum. ffn. fifflcrre fter« 
nftur mater trum refpfcft 
jjtu fangutne perfufum na 
tum quem genuft. ^i. :ffnn^ 
tramentff. !F. ^ancta >ref 
genitrf^ "BuUiii et Kecora. 
Slegem mortf tratrftum 



pr0 nrtf^ ernra. JLectio. ffii. 
g2P ^ l^^^i omne^ tiwt 
^3v trolore^ anrfoi» quoif 
fn compaffione fflff nulla 
Ifngua faalet rete^ere alf* 
quo^ tamen (f elr pro tante ref 
magnftulrine paucffffmo^ 
ercitantre treuntionfd cau« 
fa If&et annotare. i^am 
Beata bfrgo marfa tref ma 
ter effecta trfctorum omnf um 
prffpbetarum tre ^ipi. filii fuf 
paCffone preloquentfum pre 
claram fnibuit fntellfgen 
tfam. Me. (!&ualem tifcam 
tromfna penam quam tu- 
Ifftf crucfffjro fflfo quantrff 
tu trfrfCtf nolf me CuperCtfs 
te Colum mortem patf . <!Bkue« 
Co Sat Cfmflf^ mor)S ma« 
tvifi tt natf. ^. i^olf me 
relfnquere S^tin fflf fcffne 
fac bt tecum mffrfar tua paf« 
ffone» Oiuefo. Eectfo. b. 
«y- i^tre netrum fn mor^:. 
^ te et pafffone fflff ef* 
trem maternalfter contro' 
luft: fetr premetrftantf flla 



htntt Mtitit. 



ptfspl)tta.mm otticula in fis 
tuf Cuff alJtnipTtnlfa : tfum 
iXla ttiam 3^\)thi tnfantt* 
Tta wteinBra birgtnei^ fuW 
manifiu^ rotttrectaret ita 
tfffTffre nimia roiTcuTfa Tuit 
bt tpfum fiTit fui rffrpufru* 
Tum fcjpifftme prefluuiff tfi 
ftiTTancium Tarrimarum tff« 
tum perfutftt. Ut* ^itinactn^ 
f>ama tt tj:$tt^ rriminiS 
mffritur iufttt^ mifcrtu^ 
f^amini^. i^iti mcrffri^ nw^ 
fimujEf rtrnfcii cum fumusf 
caufa tanti fuppTicii. ^. Ma* 
Tet mater cmn ^Xia qui fe 
crucifJ patibuTff tfetfit tffr* 
mentiiS afperisJ fiitam re^* 
^entfff miferii^. §^xti, %» bi, 
i^ Sc nunquam fcrijjturam 
*^^ f anctam aut fiTium 
fttum tfe fua m^rte Tffquen 
tem metfitari aut autfire 
p0terat quin tffcieni^ tfffTtrs 
ri^ jjTatfifl pia ^ljbefu ma« 
ter ctrnfoffa fuit. Me. %pm. 
in ctxtct jpentfentem mefta 
mater afjpicienil Tacrima^ 



ta inceffanter facrum jpectu^ 
jjercucieniS jjTureiS mouit 
alf merorem fuir rugitu qut- 
tula* iSatum bilfeni^ cruen* 
tatum tenfum cruciiS jjatis 
iuXa* W. ^nimam mefte jjas 
rentiiS tunc pertranfiurit 
anj^iu^ iuj:ta berBum (yi» 
meffni^ "btu j)affi0ni«J gTa« 
tfiuj?. iSatum. 31« tmiff 
nffcturnff. ^n. ^itqa cum 
afjjiceret natum in ctuct 
mati : nuTTu^ IfffTffr fimiTitf 
eft fu0 tf0T0ri. p^. ^an=> 
tate. i^. ^n* ^utia ntfbii 
miferiiS fiirginum rrgina te* 
cum flentfi Tacrima^ fiBereiS 
j)r0j)ina. |p^. jjn^. regna. 
^rt. ^ue matri*? anguftiatf 
j)0teft Tingua fari tfum bitfe»' 
ret filium in ctuct cTauari. 
Pi^. Cawtate. ii. 8?. i^ptcia^ 
fa 6irg0 ptt^XiiiS. €apta 
6Ii0 ftt ejranimii^. 
i^ecuntrum SffBannetn. 

XiB iTTff temj)0re. ^ta* 
Bant iuyta crucem ^Su. 
mater eiufl et ^0r0r matrtif 
iii. 



Campsttiti 



tini marta (Trop(e (t tnB« 
tUn iASaglralene. iSt ttl. 
^mtV. lec. tre pai^. cuP. ff. 

HJD nrttcem filti. t. bii. 
mortenttit pta tna« 
tn ft ipfa pre muUtttiTrtne 
trolortf) rommortenjf nfftrte 
bat rututJ mentem tenerri» 
mam pafftonuj et mattii 
tranrfisebat acutifftmuitf 
gla1rtuf{. Me. Cum tre cru« 
ce pofituK aU tumulum por 
tatur tnter IfoToref} an^iOiS 
paxtaniti ftc affatur. ^U' 
fttnete pnttlulum irolorem 
meum plangam et meum 
carum Sltum treofculer et 
tongam. 9f. iHic^t meum 
fitltnm fuBtrabere nolite : 
ff fepeltrt Irebeat mecum fe« 
peltte. ^ufttnete. Eectio 6ftt. 
(^ Caiiat autem nanXan* 
*^-^ ge ffcut noti eiu^ : felr 
prope et iu;ta ftal)at: que 
erat mater tP. ^vopt fta 
Bat quia morienttd ^uppli 
cio pre ceterfK aDijercbat : 
qitem * et ipfa (quia mater 



pre ceteri^ traigebat. iit. 
Cum biOeret quoO cloufo tU' 
mulo prfuaretur tam tiulci 
fpecttlo pretJilecto ftan^ cum 
trifcipulo. Cortre plorat ma 
gf^ quam oculo. ^. dTIetui^ 
moutt aftanti populo Ta« 
crimarum fluenti riuuTo. 
Cor^re pTorat. i.ectio. if. 
/^ Cabat et cnm ta fo* 
*^^ ror eiutf marfa cleo* 
p|)e et marfa magtralene. 
.Slla morfentem fufpfran^ 
nepotem : bec lrflfgen<$ trf« 
lectum. ^etr ftabat mater 
.Sbefu maria iu^ta crucem 
pre ceteri^ : que bnf ce TriTtgenfJ 
bnfce trflfgebat. J^e. dfilfi 
prefencfa mater treftituta ga« 
brfeli nuncio ffc tit allocuta. 
S(ue plena gra. michi prottt« 
Tifti nunc amaritu"lrfne fum 
repTeta trfftf fubfequenter 
inquicn^ trnt^. eft tecum. ^eu 
iacet in tumuTo molro nan eft 
mecum. 8? d^mnf^ benclffctio 
quam tu fpopontrfftf eft nunc 
incontrarium propter mor« 



itEtt Mavlt. 



teiw ^i. Wn. W. WixQH^atcu^ 
bitqimtm: pxttipui^ ettftgnt^. 
^Vtollatux laujffiBusl 3]bu. ina 
ter tn£ignC«J. M l a. (i^rat 
trtarfa matcr ^fa taxiS pT0= 
ran^ arrtter : regein muntrt iu 
rff»ttn"lf ttf uiit traetarentbiliter 
^&^. Btt^ reg. rum eeteriif. 
^iT. <!9Luam putatur mater 
meCttfftma tfum fiflfet na* 
tum btrgcf iuftifftma : nan 
eft "tf0T0r 6t matri)^ 6trjji= 
tii^: m0rtem jpT^rantii^ "Uei 
tt J»0inini^. ^n. '^Qnu^ mi» 
ti^ eaput ejccueieiTiS fjtXays 
elamat tn eruee m^rieni^ : 
bftfen^ liac mater cum ipia 
patitur : et atf cTamorem fere 
wmm^ritur. ^n CTam^r 
^pi. matrem angufttat : nuT* 
TuS pTanetuiS pTangentem 
faeiat: i>triufquefummae0m=: 
paiiia nam preeefftt fumma 
tfileeti0. m. ^ quale "lfi= 
n0rcium eum mater reTi- 
quit fiTium faTuat^rem qui 
feeit fecuTum laerimantf0 
fequetr^ tfifefpulum. (jlapl m 



aWm aulfiffet bixqa 
qu0tf fiTiu£l fuu^ eape^ 
retur et a iu1fei£{ alf patifitt= 
Ittm "ifuceretur: faerumpe(t9 
fun"lfere: etlafrimaiS eff un^e= 
re nan eeffaBat. l^umnttS, 

O<gT0ri0fa ^0mina ttt= 
Iffti eruciamina: eum 
fiarraBaiS tfimittitur : ^p^. 
txuci afBfgftur. ^3aft0rem 
Jeu pereucf unt : 0uei^ "if ifperfe 
fugiunt : maria eum jffifei= 
puT0 : manente ful> patiiulo. 
IB^TeniS «ncernft filfum 
efufque tfef ijnfcum : ffBf trf= 
fte fpectacuTum rrutfeli mov^ 
te pallitrum. <ilum Ife rrtt=: 
ct tfep0nitur: mater triftitf 
amplectitur : et tumulan= 
tfum fequitur: martir ma= 
ter efKcttur. P.tc mirum 
ff fit anjria r^mm^ta talt 
furia: fe fcienU puvam 6ir= 
ginein natum : Ueum et ffO' 
minem. ILau^ fit marte 
filf0 pxtt naitxa raufa per"ift= 
to : mortem paiia 5^0 jj^puln 
fn afper0 patffiul^. ^mtn* 



Compa{(t0 



V. ijpoft mffrtem fipi. ma< 
rix oim ^iri^airne prrman 
Cft. iparata (emper alf ear^ 
eerem et nts m0rtem. ^n. 
ffairquam latro rapitur : bn^ 
iTeque ranftrtctu^ retrttur : 
ronfjiuttur alapuS affltctui^: 
matrfij anguftfaK trum 
bftrettt ittni : $ro nohii 
fftc tolTeran^: fit re^ fie= 
mtsictwt. f^. ISenelTfrtnK. 
9C0 iBTUSi tsiti. ^ratfo. 
^Tv Stfeftatem tnam tro^ 
A** mtne ^jbefu ypt ht-- 
nfgnffftme qut pro notf^ 
jierratortbuK mortem fubfrf 
tni temporalem nec pro- 
prfo corporf ntc matemo 
IVoIort parcere bolutftf q^ : 
bt no^ compaffiont^ fue ma- 
tvi^ pafffonffque tue memo^ 
rfamrecolentejj: boiffcumfe' 
XicitatiH eterne ffmu^ pertf^ 
ciftii. <!Btuf bfufi^ et reg. ttc. 
sdr. f. et ceteroii ftotiui one. 
tre lau. W 5. W.SHtin jPpe. 
<Siuf tst bfrgfne Trfgnatutf tii 
naici. 'KiS ttttfam. Caprm. 



■|r~\ ^m jTptf. nts colua» 
«*»-' rfe locum tfuctutf cro» 
cem bafularct : mater efufi 
fequebatur eum boces ama> 
rffffmatf tmittcni: et bbt' 
xti effuntren^ lacrfma^. 
facrum ^tctui percutfens^. 
iSe. ^frgo tuum fflfum fn 
cruce clauatum. 9S. ^tVtst 
tuf^ precf&uj^ mfferfi$ pla- 
catum. 8F. iao^ matrf*. 
compaff fo 3i)i)tiu vtj: f nf fgnfij. 
9tr fe^am. CopftuTum. 

HfB locum f upplf cf f Irum 
benfffet bfrgo poft U- 
Ifum et crucem erfgf con- 
fpe^fffet augentur planctuii : 
et lacrfme multfplfcantur 
e^ anguftfe. iftr. ^oif ma- 
trfiS compafffo 3l>rfu rer 
fnffgnf!^. ©. ^oluat a bo= 
ragfnr gr]bfnnalf« fgnfji. 
3befu. ^. IBtv marfe la- 
crfmajS. ^tr. fy. Capftulum. 
^^ 3Recta namque cruce 
^-^ afcenUeng rt e;-ten= 
tstni bracjbfa : manttiS et pe- 
tre^ clauantur: ^ec bfXren^ 



Imtt Muxit. 



mater: jpre tiolovt tfefint: 
rt moritur. 3^e. ^er marw 
larrtma^. <!^ pater ^tetattd. 
Q^. $obt£{ 6eram glortam 
ronfer ettm fieatt^. fB. Coii^ 
fotatttr btrgini^ paKtonem 
Uttram. CriCti rernrreetto 
quam nouerat futuram. 
^ {ecuntrais 6ef$era^. an. 
<??rat maria. g. ati lautfe^. 
|3falmi Ife tfomina. 3ae. 3$e# 
ntgna 3ibtlu mater ejrimia 
qui tua egreffuS eft elau^ 
ftra birginea eum j^i^ j^a^ 
eiffeu^ fartug eft ineola a 
quiBujS tfura jjer^peffuiS eft 
beriera. ^er filii tui rru^s 
enta bulnera nofiiiS ftteeur;* 
re ftirgo ptterpera. 51?. ^t^ 
gina reli Tetare ettm iuBis: 
l0 nam natum qnem plans» 
gtS flattfttm in tnmttlo ress 
fttrget 6ere fttmmo UilttCtt* 
To omni aHato eontem^ttt^ 
opproBrio. ^er UUi. <apm. 
Q^ (iFjjttlto t»no. tfi^erss 
•5^ faque Ififcipttlid ft^e^ 
bniuerfa eetlefie in fola mnf 



ria Birgine et matre mane^: 
*.^ Bat. amnui. 

JL iSgrata geng iutfeica 
al&efum 6eftit cttm pttrpura : 
et tn bile oBproBrinm pttn^ 
gttnt rorona fpinea. ;&an!* 
guijl facratug tfefluit per 
fanctam illam faciem : et 
concrettt^ liett f^avviXft: fe* 
iat eitt^ cefariem. ||rope^ 
rat crttcifigentfttjJ portan^ 
fttam crttcem Sj^eftt^: re^ 
regttm pro fceptro regni : 
Tigntimportatfttpplicii. ^en 
tfet in cr Uf eUominu^ tfucrrttm 
Tatronttm melfitt^ : flens 
claman^S plenttfJ fittlnerttm 
patri commenlfat fpiritnm. 
MiXt^ perfotrit lancea Kj^u 
corjptt* ejranime: i)inc flttjrit 
falttiS j^omini^ aqua mijcta 
fanguine. ffunc matri^ 
cor birgineum trolor afBi;* 
git nimittm : qwo brgcnte 
confternitttr et filio commo* 
ritttr. ^ccurre noii^ Xfo* 
mine quo^ retfemifti fan^s 
guine: et ^uc no^ atr cele;* 

13 



Jn (ttio 



ttU ptx mattii tnt mtru 
U- Vimffr et benrlrutto 
djbtfu marte filto: qut no^ 
fuo Cuppltrto reKeintt ai 
ti:ilio. 'Rintn. 90. Confola^ 
tnr btrgtntii pafftonein ^u^ 
ram. ^pt. rerurrecti^ quam 
nouerat (uturam. 9n. <© 
^befu tai patri^ aTttffi;; 
mi qui pro nohii tft birgine 
natu^ fuifti : et noftra^ mi 
feria^ in rorpore tulifti : ac 
tan^rem in rrure mortem 
fttftulifti : qui matrem in 
morte Jtojbaniii commififti: 
qui nec tini ptnii ntc tuii 
pepercifti: ti&i f upplicam^^pro 
quib^» tot rgifti : bt no)5 amo* 
re matri!$ conferueii a morte 
trifti. ^i. «rag. (Bratio 

P^etatem tuam quc;; 
fumuiS ^omine ^jbefu 
clementiffime pro noiii ptca 
catoribud mortem fu&ienj$ 
temporalem nec proprio cor:; 
poci nec materno troTori 
parcere boTuifti : prefta bt 
mi paffioniii tue memo;: 



riam eiuftfem matrii$ tue 
mefticiam recoTente^ : bo^ 
bifcum feTicttati^ eterne 
fimu^; participe5(- ^ni bi^ 
uii; et regna5(. etc. 

C. 3n (efto C0rone iromtnt. 

C. ^n tiit (nnentiontit Ccte. 
cruciii Btl (ecuntrad befpe^ 
xui fiat foTemntct memo^ 
ria Tre corona iromtnt : cnm 
boc antipbona. 

OStutre (tliy mater ec* 
cTefia : affunt tibi no^ 
ua foTemnia : nam cornna 
quontram in gToria : nunc 
per orbem refuTget gToria 
aTIeTupa. 8?. Cuain coronam 
atroramujf bomine. ISm. 
Cuum gloriofum recoTi:« 
mui triumpTjum. (Bvntio. 

PiSefta quefumuiiomni;: 
potent; Treu^ : bt qui 
in memoriam paffioniiS ttOf 
mini noftri ^befu ^pi. co* 
ronam eiuft fpineam bene:; 
ramur fn terrijS: ab ipfo 



fffrone Uommi. 



gloria et j&ffttorc cffrffirart 
mercamur in ctliS. ^uc 
Ucttm binii tt regnat. ttc. 

^t f^nuDt (attrte crurtd 
fti bigilia a^ait. euerterit: 
tuttc tti. cffrottt itt. bi. fer. 
})ro]c. reXefiretur: ti htto in 
tsit tdctn. cotttigerit: ttiffe* 
ratur itt eraltittuttt: et (efttittt 
eorone faBBato celeBretur 
9lti tttatutinaiS tfttple]r fe^ 
ftuin Ctat. Inuitatorittin. 
^((unt tfontiniei ttyti folen*: 
nia : lau^e tnultipliei jilau;* 
irat eeeleCia : allelupa. Ij^^. 
S^enite. pmnui. 

aSTerno regi glorie tft 
Uffta lauUuin canti*: 
ca : f fttele^ toluan t j^otite : jjro 
corona trotnintca. <2loro;« 
nat regctn ontniutn: cffrO:s 
na contuinelie : cuiu:^ noljis' 
ojpproBiutn : coronatn con;; 
Cert glorie. IBe gpinaruin 
aculeia: %pi. corona plecti;; 
tur : qua nttniltri^ tartas: 
reis : ntuntJi poteiftajS tols: 
litur. Cffrona %pi. capi^ 



ti^ : facro perlula languine : 
jjcnid foluti* tstiitii: reojf 
jjurgat a critnine. StauiJ 
%po. regi glorie: jjro cffrone 
btrtutifiu)^: qua no5 refffr? 
tnan:* gratie : corffnet in 
celeftiBuiS. 3n jja^cjjali tents: 
jpore iricatur i^tt. 9^. (^utf 
futnu^ auctor fftnniutn. etc. 
Dnfra afcen^ionem bttiuii. 
tKu t&to. 3>n. i. noctumo. 
^n. ^jpm. iub fertff fjjineff : 
tferitret jpleli^ perfiuie: cua 
iui^ cruore rofeff : fertum con? 
fertur glffrie allelupa. Jp^. 
iSeattt^ 6tr. p^. <Stuare 
(remuerunt. ^^- IBomine 
quitr multiplicatt. 8F dTuam 
coronatn atioramtt^ tromine. 
STuum glffriofum recoli;? 
muS triumjpbum. Hectio t. 
>|^ <3n tniretur ortJjO;* 
'^^ Ifo^orum quiipiam: 
ii iocunlJa corone Ifotninis 
ce folennitasf: Uietn Banc 
ejrpentfat in laulriliUiS re:? 
tretnptoriiS. (JBtuia et fi jbec 
corona capiti faluatorifil 



In (tito 



A ptvtKm tt XnMtbrium tn 
Xiit pEraittviti futt applu 
rata: tamen quta tiiti tUa 
nffn tit gauUtt / felf mtra^ 
rii: quantl0 mem&ra eom^ 
partuntur rapttt : Htffertur 
interfm ^er gratuTa&untra 
(eftCutta^: tn qua reront;: 
gtmuiifalutti$ naiitre mtMtm. 
tlt fptnarum femtne propa^ 
gatom. Hr. j&ptna tareni; 
fIoi$i$ptnapnngttnr: perquam 
(ulpe tfptna confrtngttur- 
j&ptna martti$ ipini^ rtf 
tnntiitur : tfum btta morttur 
ilV. (F ^er Bor lutitbrtum: 
loltii ^eluHitur : martti 
tromtntum : per mortem tol? 
litnr. |^p{na. ftertfo tt. 
Apv Irff elentm motiff tlta 
"AJ* tectto raptttif o6tinuit 
beniametgraicorport: etper:« 
cuffo berttce: falttiata funt 
membra. S^pnagoga ftqut;: 
ttemmater ^pi. f rtJm. carnem : 
nouercam fe erjbiben^ affectu 
cmtielitatijt et effectu: na;» 
itrumfaloutonem coronafpi;» 



nea coranauit. ^nlfeant 
ergo fectari glam membra: 
quibuc; caput fuum tam in^ 
glorifffum ejrjbibetur. i|^ecca^ 
torum nffftrorum fpiniiJ cir* 
cumtfatum. |)utieat fu& j$pi 
nato tapitt : memfirum fieri 
tfelicatum. Jle Coronat re^* 
gem omnium: iuTfea ferto 
fpineo : ftat inter fpinai» 
lilium: bernan^ cruore to* 
feo. ^pinarum culpe nefcinm 
fpine punctum aculeo : alle^^ 
lupff. 9S. §iub titcart iuU 
get pui^ureo : cffrpu^ nitenai 
canHore niuen. ^pinarum. 
(^ Cripfit nam aectto iii) 
•^^ que 3flBannfg tuanqtf 
li^ta. ^j:iuit 3if)tiui pnr^ 
tmi fpineam coronam : 
et purpureum beftimen;» 
tum: bt quafi pugil nnfter 
in armid: et beiitimentid 
rubri^ apparerit. <i?|:eamu» 
ergo ab eum egrebientem 
e^tra caftra : improperium 
tiui pffrtanteii : erumnam 
eiui$ nffftram reputanttjf : 



fffrffne trffmtni. 



tt tsicamim cunt pfnlintfta. 
Conft^ud ftttn tn truinna 
mea : Ituot ccnftgitttr fjptna. 
i^f. dfttij: fjjtna ctttus» anis: 
Itt : gutttiJ rubcnt rorig 
fanguinet : Witti frangunt 
regiif tartarei : fera^ pan^ 
toitnt regnt ftKerei. ^lles: 
Iuga.8?. #fpinarmniimneni: 
fa glorta : que tfft noibii pvt)' 
ftat reinetta. Wivt^. ^SIos: 
ria patri et ftlio : et fjjirt^ 
tut feto. ailelupa. W. ^ltc^ 
ttnttii coronam tst fptnt^. 
^05$uerunt fuper raput tiu^. 
C. In lauHtliui. Qn. 

HBest tfte^ lettete • 
quo Ifjjatrema fpine^ 
um : commenBatur memo^ 
rie : ^j)i. cruore rofeum alles; 
Iu|?a. aHelu^a. ^i. IBffini:» 
nug regnauit. kn. B^rni: 
mmn regem glorie fjjinijsf 
eoronatum ritiet jjXeBiS jjer;* 
filrie : morti con"ifempnatum 
allelusa. p^. ^uBilate. Qn. 
(B quam feli;: punetio : quam 
Beata fpina: ttt qua fluit 



bnetiff muntJi metrieina aX* 
leluga. ^^. Btwl treutf 
meuS. 9n. |9ungeniJ fpina 
bulnerat : %pm. patientem : 
et a inffrte Xifierat pffpulum 
ereUentem : aHeXuga. ^3i 
iJenetJiete. ^n Bpint vuf 
"btnt fanguine ^pm. cruen* 
tantesf : munUutn Xauant 
erimine eeluin referairteef 
alleXuga l^i. ilaulfate. 
Capitttlmn eanticffrmn. iii. 
Cy ^retrimini fiXie fgffn 
^^ et &ttfete regem faXff# 
mffnem in irpatremate: qnff 
eff rffnattit ettinmater ftta. ^p 
*r-jA ^utfa fiireliif effnciff 
•■-*' ipint trffjpbemn ineli# 
tmn : per qnam perit pertri;! 
tiff : biteqtte tfatttr meritttm. 
i^a^ a pttnetttrii^ liBerat 
eterni patri^ filiwS: trttin 
fpinig pttngi tfflerat : fj)i* 
narnm cttl^e nefeind. ©«m 
fpinarmn acttlettm : ^jjiS. jjrff 
nfffii^ pertttXit : per trgatfe? 
ma fjjinettm : bite cffrffnam 
cffntttlit. |SIatttrat tuvha 



3In (tita caxant Ucrmtnt. 



fttrelt ant : quoti per (ptne lutf tss 
triunt : purgat f rrator nmnts: 
umCptnettnrt. btctum. laui 
fpa. bti. 0ti«m preHictntf O. 
flH «nmeif {i0raj$ triratur : cum 
ttUr. tf . Sn pa{. ^pe. <!Btue« 
(umudauctffrnmntum. Sntra 
ajKcen. €u tHta. ^- iSrti( ta^ 
rima gl0rte: tn manu Knt. 
Vit. §iSt Dsalrema rrgnt: in 
manu irei tui. *n. aue fpi^ 
na pene remetrtum : ferui 
titcvii ttqiH ffpprnbrium : 
tua plaga trolnr lutri&rtum : 
bite mAii mereantur pre* 
. mium allelusa. ]P^. ^t^ 
ne^ictuif. oro. ^refta qi. 
m. t a. 9treKt. IH^. ^ttte 
in nirmine tu0. 9Ctt. iii. 9n. 
il^ummum. <tLspVm. iSgre^ 
Vimini.Se. CTuam coronam: 
atroramuii trne. ailelupa 
aIleIu];a.Q^. Cuum glorixrfum 
recolimujitriump^um. jaHe? 
lupa. ^loria patri. (tTuam. 
9. 6l0ria ct bffnore coro. 
V-|- 1ltr.6i.9n. quamCp. 
^^ $tri et tttt equu^ al^! 



bnit : et qni fetlebat fnper 
eum t)aBebat arcjbum : et 
Irata eft ei corxma : et e^iuit 
binttnihi binceret. l^e.^Ur^ 
ria et jbffnore coronafti eum 
Une. ailelusa alla. VIP. 
3St conftituifti. anelu$a. 
^loria patri. iSIoria et jbff^ 
nore. ®. ^pofuifti trne fuper. 
caput eiu^. 9lr t>. 9n. §)pi:t 
ne rufient. Cp. jjfaie xhiii. 
«-|- a tsit (Ila erit irn^. 
•-^ erercituumcoronaglo;! 
rie : et fertum ejrultationi et 
refitruo populi fui. Vit. ^o^ 
fuifta. "aa iu. ca. eiui; : alle«: 
lupa alleluua. &. Cffronam. 
®. 33rt:S corona glorie: in 
manu iromini. 3Kc. 3St tfpa;» 
trema regni in manu tsti 
tui. 9lr fc^ai^. befp a^. Sn. 
snreft. ^^. Birit rsni ^^. 
Cffnfitc&ffr. i^i. ISeatutf 
bir. ^a. l.autrate puert 
^i 9,aubate birminum : 
omnt^ gentei». €Bp. §Bgre 
bimini. fie. dfeli^ fpina. ^P. 
9.auba feli^. ^. dTuam cirro- 



Mt atf. xtl fanctt ^nlixtt. 



tCOB. ^B. ^rc. ^ tftcmi tccita 
iit gtffrtffga ipim: fertuiit 
regis gltrrie: «luittft mttii^ 
cina: pr^ferttt^aitguftielful^ 
ctrr et reftira : te lautJantc^ 
^ffUie ferueif a rutna : aira 
P^. i^astttlteat. bvb. PI^. 

C 2Bf atruetrttt reltqttfa^ 
rtttii Caitett ^antfree iir Ubh 
ttam. 3Ltctia prtitta. 

HgSttff Ifffmfttue tneartta:s 
turniiS trieentefiiittr 
fej-ageftitiff Cffnfitantinuif 
tmperatffr jelff ^^piane. re^ 
Iigi0ttijf Ifuetu*! : regitftti£j 
aeSape ciuitatem patvni atfiit 
&t itttfe reliquiaiS fieati ^na 
irree furripieng: cmtStanti^ 
ttffjjfflim trattftulit. IL. ii. 
Y^ ^tu tfiuino tertia 
^^ nuctt priufquaiit iiitpe 
ratflr etuitatem est ingreffug 
attgelu^ ifni. cuiHam faitetff 
albBati timnine regulff re;s 
liquiarum cttftwtfi njjparuit : 
tJieen^. ^jpjpliea tiBi fratre«5 
^oBBntBi : et ptv^tni ats {av^ 



cojjBagum quff fieati ^tis: 
Ifree aptrftffli recfftttfita 
futtt flfCa: tfllleiS intfe titj:^ 
tvt ittanuS tre£? BigitfliS : et 
ffg firacjbii ali jbttmerff tfejjen*: 
tfensf: Uentemfcnum: etgenu 
patellam : at caute cuftfftfia^ 
tfonec retfeam. Eectto. iii. 

aHmque imperator a*: 
jjffftoli reliquiaiS con:s 
ftantinffjJfflim tranftuliffet 
angelti^ aBBati j^ffc man# 
tfatum tratfitf it tficeni^. Mt=f 
fumpttg inquit fieati ajjff*: 
Ctffli reliquii^ : fanctffrum 
tecum latttfaBilem affumeniS 
cffmitiuam muntfi Untm atfi- 
re nan tfifferas. (St quffcun*= 
quelffcffrum carina jpericlitet: 
te tamen et focii^ in incB^ 
lumitate jjerfiftenttBuif iBf# 
trem tut labffri^ ejtrcurfum 
fciag feliciter cffnfumatum. 

XdBituv "Biuini^ {%. iiit.) 
j)recej>ti«{ fffitentperawfii 
fancti^ bivi^ atr fe bffcatijJ: 
qttff^ fingillattm eirjiffrtatiff 
angelica preinffnuit: fecum 



9t uts. rel. (anctC flntrree. 



aV nauem Orferen^ reUquf^ 
a< mare yrttt : partrtf occC^ 
^nai^ allire paratu^. %ec 
autemfunt nomtnabufui^Ccte. 
comtttur:qur(rquuntnr. E b 
V^ iRtmud futt fftui. rrs 
^ gulufj abbatf : et fctu^. 
9amtanu^ prefbftrr : ge^ 
iactuit.et cnbaculutf tr$aco« 
ni : mermattuji frater Uti 
Oamtant: nertuji: rt elrtfe^ 
n(a<: mfrenuj$: mac|>aberf^ 
et ftlutu^frnter rtut^: jberrmtte 
octo : frlf^ : fafan^ : matbrui^: 
maurfctud: matrtanu^: ^i)U 
Xiffui: luctui{ rugentuK: btr;: 
Sinrii fanctr tres! . trftruana: 
potencfaietemerfa. l.r(t{o.bt 

a^nque fpacfo Huornm 
fereannorum fufffent tn 
marebagantciS: tantrrm rrgno 
ptctorum (ntrr (ropulo^ albfo 
irfit tnfulr : ratf^ fmpulfa con« 
qvaffatur Confortatui(autem 
fanctu^rrgnli^atfno^atitrrram 
cumfofttsfufslrt^^aggrrtiitur 
Hnce. cruciit prrlato figno. 
IPt Cbflrrm in nrmorr porco^ 



qnoU ircr. mucrofffif bafflicam 
«^ ^rtricauit &rftto. bti. 
•JL J2 loco itaque prelrfdo 
relfquiarum attactu multa 
fiebant: et bactrnu^ ftuprn^ra 
Gnnt mfracula: qualia poft 
fiTtrrf fufcrptionrm in fnfula 
bifrnonfunt. |iam crci^bifuct 
mutfitf frrmo clautri^ grrffu^ 
»|-> rrtrtritur. ?l,rctio.biii. 
•*^ <!?gioni^ flli^» ro tpe. 
reir Imnguft : filiu^s fergufo : 
lofumTJrIrftat5>fanftitutrtne; 
fuum palafium fu;ta bafili^ 
famrtrififanK: bratorrguloter 
ra« quafUam pro frminrnlJi* 
frugibu^rtr^ibui$rtrififanliii( 
ineI|}mofinam fonr rffit.&.i|:. 
«-|- |! forma autrm moni^ 
v-*t- ftrriali funlrata ctlTtt* 
la: )f rputati^qur rrltqutarum 
fuftotlibug: brati biri prrtri^ 
fanlro rtbapti|antro inftrmoC:: 
que f urantro : tanquam a treo 
miffi prr patriai rjrirrunt. 

IBmpzetrudEDmburaifi 
3o^ancSto?^ normne 2 
insit2)ato9iarDUdtale. 





■ . '• V'*'''-!f'J^'t"f*IS